THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 PRESENTED BY 
 
 PROF. CHARLES A. KOFOID AND 
 MRS. PRUDENCE W. KOFOID 
 
INDEX MAP OF 
 
 SHOWING AREAS COVERED BVTHE 
 
 SECTIONAL DIAGRAMS 
 
By LOUIS HARMAN PEET 
 
 new* 
 
 AMERICAN PRINTING HOUSE 
 318 and 320 East Twenty-third Street, New York 
 
Copyright, 1902, by 
 Louis Harman Peet 
 
Ufa 
 
 ffltfr 
 
 p 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 THIS book has been prepared to aid the city nature 
 lovers who frequent our beautiful Park in identifying 
 its trees and shrubs by diagrams of location and text 
 description. Its need grew out of actual experience 
 and it is hoped that its service will be direct and prac- 
 tical. 
 
 How many there are who come to our Park to whom 
 the trees are simply trees and the shrubs, bushes. The 
 individuality of the oak, the hornbeam, or the maple 
 is lost to them in the general mass. Many of these 
 would gladly learn had they the time or opportunity 
 and to meet the needs of such and also to supplement 
 mere identification with descriptions of characteristics 
 of form, foliage, flower and fruit, has been the gov- 
 erning purpose in the general plan of preparing this 
 book. Its method is self-evident and the park rambler, 
 following the paths, soon gets to recognize the various 
 types of trees and shrubs. These grow more and 
 more distinctive and individual as their observed char- 
 acteristics become more familiar to him and he finds 
 out that when these have been once learned thorough- 
 ly, not only has he learned them for Prospect Park, 
 but for Central Park, and, in short, for the parks of 
 most cities of climatic conditions similar to ours. 
 
 Of course, in using this book, it must be borne in 
 mind that it would be utterly impossible to locate 
 
k k I 
 
 Till 
 
 every tree and shrub passed along the Walks, on the" 
 sectional diagrams. Only those mentioned in the 
 descriptive text are plotted and in using the diagrams 
 to locate these care in judging distances should be 
 exercised. To attempt to plot, on diagrams of the 
 scales used in this book, every tree or shrub along 
 the pathside would result in a mass of black spots 
 from which it would be impossible to distinguish any- 
 thing. It was therefore thought best to locate some 
 of the representative types clearly and distinctly 
 rather than to attempt to locate all from which none 
 could be definitely found. Try to find shrubs or trees 
 on the diagrams at easily distinguishable points and 
 work from these to others, verifying, as you go along, 
 by the descriptive text. If you find you have not 
 judged the distances rightly, the descriptive text 
 should act as a check upon you to set you right. 
 
 To further assist the user of this hand-book in the 
 identification of the representative dots upon the dia- 
 grams various landmarks, such as lamp-posts, statues, 
 tablets, arches, rustic shelters have been extensively 
 marked and these will serve to rectify wrong or to 
 reassure correct judgments of distancing. 
 
 So let the lover of nature, who walks here in his 
 leisure hours take up the study of these beautiful trees 
 and shrubs with the determined purpose of knowing 
 them. In the knowing of them this book can be but a 
 suggestive aid. If you would get the most from it, 
 follow up its hints in your botanical text and refer- 
 ence books. Indeed this is the proper way to use 
 .the book. It is intended to show you a little and then 
 
IX 
 
 you yourself must do more by following up the hint, 
 enlarging your knowledge by wider studies of the 
 details of bud, flower, leaf, bark and general character- 
 istics of habits of growth. 
 
 For this further study of details, the author strongly 
 recommends the use of such excellent text-books as 
 Gray's Field, Forest and Garden Botany, revised by 
 L. H. Bailey, Keeler's Our Native Trees (which is 
 equipped with excellent photographs), Apgar's Trees 
 of the Northern United States, Dame and Brooks's 
 Hand-book of the Trees of New England. Any of 
 these makes a good field book to take with you on 
 your rambles. If you wish to go further, the follow- 
 ing larger works will be found of great practical 
 value: London's Cyclopedia of Trees, Bailey's Cyclo- 
 pedia of Horticulture, Sargent's Silva of North Ameri- 
 ca, Britton and Brown's Flora of the Northeastern 
 United States, Emerson's Report on the Trees and 
 Shrubs of Massachusetts. These can be consulted in 
 any good sized library. 
 
 In the preparation and completion of this book the 
 author wishes to express his thanks for many cour- 
 tesies extended by Commissioner Richard Young of 
 the Park Department and for much practical aid 
 and valuable suggestions most cordially given by Mr. 
 John Whalley, Arboriculturist of Prospect Park and 
 Mr. Edward Kasold, Foreman Tree Planter of Pros- 
 pect Park. 
 
 The author's acknowledgments for valuable inform- 
 ation regarding many of the rare varieties are also 
 hereby expressed to Dr. C. S. Sargent of the Arnold 
 
Arboretum, Dr. Charles H. Peck, State Botanist of 
 New York, to Messrs. Ellwanger and Barry of the 
 Mount Hope Nurseries, Rochester, N. Y., to Mr. S. B. 
 Parsons and Mr. Theodore Lawlor of the Parsons 
 Nurseries, Flushing, N. Y., and to his friend and fel- 
 low park rambler, Dr. L. Frazee, of this city, whose 
 ripe knowledge, generous sympathy and cordial inter- 
 est in the preparation of this book has helped very 
 materially in its completion. 
 
 The author wishes also to express his appreciation 
 of the skillful work done on his sectional diagrams 
 by Mr. Edward Yorke Farquhar of Flatbush. 
 
 LOUIS HARMAN PEET. 
 
 755 Ocean Avenue, 
 
 Flatbush, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER PAGE 
 
 I. Plaza Entrance to Battle Pass 7 
 
 II. Battle Pass to Flower Garden 26 
 
 III. Flower Garden 43 
 
 IV. Willink Entrance to Irving Statue 57 
 
 V. Irving Statue to Ocean Avenue Entrance 72 
 
 VI. Lincoln Statue to First Summer House 90 
 
 VII. First Summer House to Second Summer House, 
 
 L^rge Lake 103 
 
 VIII. Second to Fourth Summer House, Large Lake. . 119 
 
 IX. Fourth Summer House to Breeze Hill 133 
 
 X. Around Lullwater 161 
 
 XI. Music Stand to Long Meadow 188 
 
 XII. Long Meadow to Plaza Entrance 206 
 
 Index 221 
 
 LIST OF SECTIONAL DIAGRAMS. 
 
 General Index Map Frontispiece 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. I 2 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 2 22 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 3 38 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 4 54 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 5 * 68 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 6 86 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 7 100 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 8 1 16 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 9 128 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 10 156 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 1 1 184 
 
 Sectional Diagram No. 12 202 
 
TREES AND SHRUBS 
 OF PROSPECT PARK 
 
ENTRANCE 
 
 
 BATTLE PASS, 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. i 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Weeping English oak. 
 
 2. Austrian pine. 
 
 3. Swiss stone pine. 
 
 4. Japan ground cypress or 
 
 Japan arbor vitse. 
 (Golden plume-leaved) 
 
 5. Japan ground cypress or 
 
 Japan arbor vitse. 
 (Plume-leaved). 
 
 6. Japan ground cypress or 
 
 Japan arbor vitse. 
 (Variety squarrosa). 
 
 7. Kcelreuteria. 
 
 8 Bumald's spiraea. 
 
 9. Eagle's claw maple. 
 
 10. Silver maple. 
 
 11. Scotch elm. 
 
 12. Paper or canoe birch. 
 
 13. Nordmann's silver fir. 
 
 14. Oriental spruce. 
 
 15. Cornelian cherry. 
 
 16. Weeping European 
 
 beech. 
 
 17. Judas tree or redbud. 
 
 18. Japan quince. 
 
 19. Copper beech. 
 
 20. English hawthorn. 
 
 21. Bush cranberry. 
 
 22. American basswood. 
 
 23. European flowering ash. 
 
 24. Silver bell or snowdrop 
 
 tree. 
 
 25. English field maple. 
 
 26. European linden. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Qucrcus robur, var. pcndula. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 
 Pinus Cembra. 
 
 Chamacy paris (or Retinos- 
 
 pora) pisifcra, var. plumosa 
 
 aurea. 
 Chamcecyparis (or Retinos- 
 
 pora) pisifcra, var. plu- 
 mosa. 
 Chama>cyparis (or Retinos- 
 
 pora) pisifera, var. squar- 
 
 rosa. 
 
 Kcelreuteria paniculata. 
 Spircea Japonica, var. Bum- 
 
 alda. 
 Acer platanoides, var. laci- 
 
 niatum. 
 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 Uhnus montana. 
 Bctula papyrifera. 
 Abies N ordmanniana. 
 Picea Orientalis. 
 Cornus mascula. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. pendula. 
 
 Cercis Canadensis. 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. cuprca. 
 Cratagus oxyacantha. 
 Viburnum opulis. 
 Tilia Americana. 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 Halesia tetraptera. 
 
 Acer campestre. 
 Tilia Europcea. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 27. European silver linden. 
 
 28. Smoke tree. 
 
 29. Reeve's or lance-leaved 
 
 spiraea. 
 
 30. Reeve's double flowered 
 
 spiraea. 
 
 31. Mugho pine. 
 
 32. Common locust. 
 
 33. Cephalonian silver fir. 
 
 34. Japan quince. 
 
 35. Hop hornbeam or iron- 
 
 wood. 
 
 36. Kentucky coffee tree. 
 
 37. Bhotan pine. 
 
 38. Japan pagoda tree. 
 
 39. European hornbeam. 
 
 40. Common snowball or 
 
 guelder rose. 
 
 41. Hemlock. 
 
 42. Golden bell or Forsythia. 
 
 43. Sassafras. 
 
 44. Bridal wreath spiraea. 
 
 45. French mulberry. 
 
 46. Dwarf mountain sumac. 
 
 47. Fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 48. European holly. 
 
 49. Shady hydrangea. 
 
 50. Yellow-wood. 
 
 51. Norway maple. 
 
 52. European hazel. 
 
 53. Staghorn sumac. 
 
 54. American hazel. 
 
 55. Arrowwood. 
 
 56. Common elder. 
 
 57. Oriental plane tree. 
 
 58. White mulberry. 
 
 59. Oriental plane tree. 
 
 60. Scotch pine. 
 
 61. Common horsechestnut. 
 
 62. Dwarf or Japan catalpa. 
 
 63. Indian bean tree or 
 
 Southern catalpa. 
 
 64. Weeping willow. 
 
 Tilia Europaa, var. argentea. 
 Rhus cotinus. 
 Spiraea Rcevesiana. 
 
 Spircca Recvcsiana, var. flare 
 
 pleno. 
 
 Pinus montana var. Mughus. 
 Robinia pscudacacia. 
 Abies Ccphalonica. 
 Cy do nia Japonica. 
 Ostrya Virginica. 
 
 Gymnocladus Canadensis. 
 Pinus excelsa. 
 Sophora Japonica. 
 Carpinus betulus. 
 Viburnum opulis, var. sicrilis, 
 
 Tsuga Canadensis. 
 Forsythia viridissima. 
 Sassafras officinale. 
 Spir&a prunifolia. 
 Callicarpa Americana. 
 Rhus copallina. 
 Lonicera fragrantissima. 
 Ilex aquifolium. 
 Hydrangea arboresccns. 
 Cladrastis tinctoria. 
 Acer platanoides. 
 Corylus avcllana. 
 Rhus typhina. 
 Corylus Americana. 
 Viburnum dcntatum. 
 Sambucus Canadensis. 
 Platanus Orientalis. 
 Mortis alba. 
 Platanus Orientalis. 
 Pinus sylvestris. 
 ^sculus hippocastanum. 
 Catalpa Bungei. 
 Catalpa bignonioides. 
 
 Sali.v Babylonica. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 65. English oak. 
 
 66. Large-racemed dwarf 
 
 horsechestnut. 
 
 67. Slender Deutzia. 
 
 68. Purple barberry. 
 
 69. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 70. Fern-leaved beech. 
 
 71. Five* leaved akebia. 
 
 72. Cockspur thorn variety 
 
 pyracanthafolia. 
 
 73. Lovely azalea. 
 
 74. Mock orange or sweet 
 
 syringa. 
 
 75. Weeping Japan pagoda 
 
 tree. 
 
 76. Weeping Norway spruce. 
 
 77. Andromeda. (axillary 
 
 flowers). 
 
 78. Hercules's club, Devil's 
 
 walking stick, or An- 
 gelica tree. 
 
 79. Buttonbush. 
 
 80. Soulange's magnolia. 
 
 81. Fortune's dwarf white 
 
 spiraea. 
 
 82. English cork-bark elm. 
 
 83. Umbrella tree. 
 
 84. Tartarian honeysuckle. 
 
 85. Hercules's club, Devil's 
 
 walking stick, or An- 
 gelica tree. 
 
 86. Purple-leaved elm. 
 
 87. Clump of Austrian pines, 
 
 Scotch pines, hemlocks 
 and Swiss stone pine. 
 
 88. Tulip tree. 
 
 89. Corsican pine. 
 
 90. Weigela. 
 
 91. Black walnut. 
 
 Quercus robur. 
 Pavia macrostachya. 
 
 Deutzia gracilis. 
 
 Berberis vulgaris, var. pur- 
 pure a. 
 
 Cornus Honda. 
 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. heter- 
 ophylla. 
 
 Azalea amenta. 
 
 Cratcegus crus-galli, var. 
 pyracan thafolia. 
 
 Azalea amccna. 
 
 PJiiladelphus coronarius. 
 
 Sophora Japonica, var. pen- 
 
 dula. 
 
 Pccia cxcclsa, var. inverta. 
 Andromeda axillaris. 
 
 Aralia spinosa. 
 
 Cephalanthus occidentalis. 
 Magnolia Soulangeana. 
 Spiraea callosa, var. alba. 
 
 Ulmus campestris, var. sube- 
 
 rosa. 
 
 Magnolia umbrella. 
 Lonicera Tartarica. 
 Aralia spinosa. 
 
 Ulmus campestris, var. stricta 
 purpurea. 
 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Finns Austriaca, var. laricie. 
 Dicn. ilia rosca. 
 Juglans nigra. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 92. American white ash. 
 
 93. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 94. Californian privet. 
 
 95. Scarlet fruited thorn. 
 
 96. Sweet gum. 
 
 97. American buttonwood. 
 
 98. Cornelian cherry. 
 
 99. Sugar maple. 
 
 100. Spanish chestnut. 
 
 101. Scarlet oak. 
 
 102. European beech. 
 
 103. River or red birch. 
 
 104. Weeping European ash. 
 
 105. Hall's Japan magnolia. 
 
 106. Sweet bay or swamp 
 
 magnolia. 
 
 107. Spicebush. 
 
 108. Willow-leaved European 
 
 ash. 
 
 109. Turkey oak. 
 
 no. Single-leaved European 
 
 ash. 
 in. Willow oak. 
 
 112. Oleaster. 
 
 113. European or tree alder. 
 
 114. Sessile-leaved Weigela. 
 
 115. American beech. 
 
 1 1 6. Red oak. 
 
 117. Bur oak or mossy cup 
 
 oak. 
 
 118. Smooth winterberry. 
 
 119. Thunberg's or winged 
 
 spindle tree. 
 
 120. European mountain-ash. 
 
 121. American holly. 
 
 122. English walnut, or Ma- 
 
 deira nut. 
 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 Negundo aceroides. 
 
 Ligustrum ovalifolium. 
 
 Cratcegus coccinca. 
 
 Liquidambar styraciilua. 
 
 Platanus occidentalism 
 
 Cornus mascula. 
 
 Acer sac char inum. 
 
 Castanea sativa. 
 
 Quercus coccinea. 
 
 Fagus sylvatica. 
 
 Betula nigra. 
 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. nwn- 
 ophylla. 
 
 Magnolia stellata (or Hal- 
 liana}. 
 
 Magnolia glauca. 
 
 Benzoin benzoin. 
 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. sal- 
 
 ici folia. 
 
 Quercus cerris. 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. won 
 
 ophylla. 
 
 Quercus phellos. 
 Elczagnus angustifolia. 
 Alnus glutinosa. 
 Diervilla sessili folia. 
 Fagus ferruginea. 
 
 euercus rubra. 
 uercus macrocarpa. 
 
 Ilex Icevigata. 
 
 Euonymus Thunbergianus, or 
 
 Euonymus alatus. 
 Pyrus aucuparia. 
 Ilex opaca. 
 Juglans regia. 
 
TREES AND SHRUBS 
 
 OF PROSPECT PARK 
 
 i. 
 
 PLAZA ENTRANCE TO BATTLE PASS. 
 
 "I wonder what that is !" 
 
 This is the exclamation one hears so often, while 
 strolling through the Park, from the casual rambler, 
 suddenly arrested by the beauty of some shrub or 
 tree. There are many people frequenting the Park 
 who take more than a passing interest in the wealth 
 of beautiful things gathered there for their delight and 
 it is to these people that these articles are especially 
 addressed. 
 
 If you enter at the Plaza, taking the Walk east or 
 at the left of the Drive, almost the first thing to greet 
 you is the remarkable weeping English" oak (Quercus 
 robur, var. pendula). It stands on the right of the 
 Walk, about midway from the entrance to the first fork 
 of the Walk. Its leaves are on very sliort stalks and 
 deeply cut in. For oak leaves they are small. Well- 
 grown Austrian pines (Pi-mis Austriaca) stand about 
 here, quite conspicuously ; one, just at the bend of the 
 fork. They are fine, hardy trees and glorious sights 
 when the ice storms coat them with crystal. They 
 
8 
 
 may be known easily by their chunky, sturdy appear- 
 ance and tufting habit of bunching their leaves. As 
 you entered you passed on the left Swiss stone pine, 
 near the corner of the stone wall and beside it Rct- 
 inospora pisifcra, var. plumosa aurca (golden plume- 
 leaved). Nearer the Walk there is a variety of this 
 plume-leaved Rctinospora which is not golden, and 
 beside it, close by the Walk and about opposite the 
 Turkey oak is a fine Rctinospora squarrosa which you 
 can know by its bluish silvery-green foliage. It is 
 called squarrosa because its leaves set out squarely 
 from the branch. Just a little beyond, the Walk di- 
 vides, one fork (the left) running close to the ridge 
 that hides the screaming trolley-cars as they plunge 
 down the hill to Flatbush, and the other fork following 
 along by the Drive until it meets the Long Meadow 
 from under Endale Arch. 
 
 If you take the fork by the ridge, the left-hand one, 
 you will pass Austrian pine, on the point made by the 
 fork of the Walk, Eagle's claw maple (Acer plata- 
 noidcs, -car. laciniatum), a cut leaved variety of the 
 Norway maple, and called "Eagle's claw'' from the 
 resemblance of its drooping leaves to the talons of 
 that bird. On the left you have passed Kcclrcutcria 
 and Scotch elm (Uluins inontana) about opposite the 
 Eagle's claw maple. Continuing, you pass, on the 
 right, a beautiful white birch (paper or canoe birch) ; 
 two or three little Nordmann silver firs, two very well 
 formed Oriental spruces, Cornelian cherry, hemlock, 
 Judas trees and Japan quince. 
 
 On the left of the Walk YOU will find a handsome 
 
weeping 1 beech (about opposite the two Oriental 
 spruces) and not far from the weeping beech, clumps 
 of the large racemed dwarf horse-chestnut (Pavia 
 uiacrostachya) or long racemed buckeye, so handsome 
 when in bloom in July. It is then covered with tall 
 spires of white bloom. 
 
 Near this spot the Walk sends off a short arm to the 
 right, to Endale Arch. We do not turn off but keep 
 along the path we are on, which climbs by a gentle 
 rise toward the Arbor at Vale Cashmere. 
 
 Continuing then, from the two handsome copper 
 beeches which stand side by side on the south- 
 erly side of the offshoot to Endale Arch, you pass, 
 on the right beautiful young English hawthorns 
 (Cratccgus oxyacantha) , which you can know by their 
 small cut-lobed leaves wedge-shaped at the base and 
 by their thorns ; clumps of Viburnum opulis or bush 
 cranberry ; American basswood with large heart-shaped 
 leaves, Bumald's spiraea, which bears rose-colored 
 flowers in midsummer and graceful silver bell or 
 snow-drop trees (Halesia tetraptera). You can tell 
 these last by the streaking lines through their bark. 
 These trees are very beautiful in the spring when they 
 are hung full of white bell shaped flowers (whence 
 their name) just as the leaves appear. So pure, so 
 fairy-like they seem, you can easily set them tinkling 
 with a music never heard on sea or land the flower 
 herald-music of the spring ! Further along are Euro- 
 pean flowering ash, English field maple (Acer cam- 
 pe sire), European linden, smoke tree (Rhus cotinus), 
 Cephalonian silver firs (two of them very near to- 
 
10 
 
 gether, with symmetrical conical tops), Kentucky cof- 
 fee tree, Bhotan pine (noticeable by reason of its four 
 trunks grown together at the base), Sophora Japonica 
 (Japan pagoda tree), called so from the Arabian 
 Sophcra, a tree with pea-shaped flowers, and, further 
 on, hemlock. On the left you have passed Scotch 
 pines (Pinus sylvestris), European silver lindens (Tilia 
 Enropcea, var. argentea), about opposite the smoke 
 tree, Nordmann's silver fir, dwarf or Mugho pine 
 (Pinus montana, var. Mughus), barberry, a good hop 
 hornbeam or iron wood (Ostrya Virginica), opposite 
 the Cephalonian silver firs, and very near the point 
 where the Walk forks at the left, to go down to Rose 
 Garden, a Japan snowball and a fine Japan quince. 
 
 Just before you get to the Arbor look out, on your 
 left, for a shrub which perhaps you may have already 
 noticed, late in the autumn, hung full of small deli- 
 cate berries, of a beautiful violet shade, strung all 
 along its slender branches. This is the French mul- 
 berry (Callicarpa Americana), called so from Greek 
 words meaning beauty and fruit. You will find it on 
 the left as you approach the Arbor just beyond the 
 fork of the Walk to the Rose Garden, and beside a 
 clump of bridal wreath spiraea (Spircca prunifolia). 
 The bridal wreath spiraea is well worth seeing in May 
 when it hangs all along its slender branches pure white, 
 flowers in little umbels. It is very beautiful then and 
 well deserves its name. 
 
 If you do not care to go through the Arbor, take 
 the turn of the path which leads off to the left just 
 before you come to the Arbor and slips by a gentle 
 
II 
 
 decline to the Rose Garden. This little side path has 
 treasures, too : especially the glorious clump of dwarf 
 mountain sumac or shining sumac (Rhus copallina) 
 which is a blaze of rich scarlet in the fall. The dis- 
 tinguishing feature of this shrub is its leaf stem, which 
 is winged between the leaflets. On the right of the 
 path are splendid bushes of the early fly honeysuckle 
 (Loniccra fragrantissiina). This honeysuckle is half 
 evergreen in our vicinity and is easily recognized by 
 the little cusp or point that tips its thick ovate leaves. 
 As the path reaches the Rose Garden it branches off 
 with a fork to the left, which in summer runs along 
 a delightfully shaded path, parallel with Flatbush 
 Avenue for some little distance. Dense growths of 
 bushes almost make it a country wayside. If you walk 
 here in early summer you will find clumps of trailing 
 bittersweet or nightshade (Solatium dulcamara) with 
 beautiful violet flowers which later, develop into shin- 
 ing ruby berries that hang all over the plant. Let these 
 berries alone. You can look at them, but don't touch 
 them : that is the safest way. Overhead the beautiful 
 Bhotan pines hang their silvery tassel-like bunches of 
 needles all trembling and shimmering with every 
 breeze. Fine Norway maples throw grateful shades. 
 Further along, on the left, are goodly growths of hazel 
 and great masses of stag-horn sumac (Rhus typhina).. 
 On the right dense masses of Viburnum dentatuni or 
 arrow-wood, and nine-bark Physocarpus (or Spiraa) 
 Opuli folia. The leaf of the arrow-wood is very beauti- 
 ful in the regularity of its notching. A glance at the 
 ragged tattered stems of the nine-bark tells that it 
 
12 
 
 lives up to its name and you think you could peel off 
 more than nine layers of its bark without half trying. 
 Great masses of elder (Sambucus) are here also and 
 when they are in bloom (June or July) they seem to 
 fill the path with drifts of snow. When you have 
 followed this Walk to a point about opposite the ex- 
 treme southerly end of the Rose Garden, it throws 
 off a branch at right angles. This branch leads over 
 toward Vale Cashmere, a lovely spot, in whose bosom 
 a little dreaming pool lies half asleep, trembling to 
 the soft music of a fountain that seems to never tire 
 of playing with rainbows in the sunshine. We shall 
 not take this yet, but will continue along the path we 
 are on, keeping parallel with Flatbush Avenue. We 
 come out now into an open space with a fine stretch 
 of grass waving gently up to the brow of a rise. This 
 rise is crowned with a picturesque and historic old 
 weeping willow which flung its whispering leaves to the 
 drum-beat of the Revolution, and near it stand a cluster 
 of Indian bean trees (Catalpa bignonioides), which are 
 fine sights in the last days of June or the early days of 
 July when they set all their white horns (spotted with 
 yellow and purple) and blow forth their silent beauty. 
 The far right-hand crest of this slope is set with fine 
 clumps of Austrian and Scotch pine. While you are 
 looking at these, notice also the two splendid horse- 
 chestnut trees (a little lower on the slope) that tower 
 side by side, like twins in their similarity. They are 
 beautifully formed trees, absolutely perfect specimens 
 of their kind, both in leafage and symmetry of form. 
 If now, you continue straight on south along the 
 
13 
 
 Walk, you will pass, on the left, Mugho pine, single- 
 leaved European ash, European flowering ash, willow- 
 leaved European ash, white mulberry, Scotch pine 
 and several European flowering ashes again. Just be- 
 yond these the path forks again, the left branch slip- 
 ping off down a delightful series of steps, leading 
 under whispering hornbeams and rustling oaks and 
 maples, while the right branch swings gently around 
 toward the vicinity of Battle Pass. Almost opposite 
 the fork of the Walks stands a good type of the Tur- 
 key oak. We will take the right-hand fork. Along 
 it you will be delighted in autumn by the tall heads of 
 the iron weed (Vernonia novaboracensis) that reach 
 out to you in cool purple from the grassy bankside 
 at your right. Sturdy English oaks (Qncrcus robur) 
 line the path on the left, easily known by their leaves 
 which are on very short stems and have a wavy-lobed 
 cut. They are somewhat like the leaf of our white 
 oak, but are loosely eared at the base and thicker. 
 Their acorns have beautiful nuts, long, polished, cigar- 
 like at point, and set in small clean-cut saucer-like caps. 
 Down the slope a little, forming the point of a tri- 
 angle with the Turkey oak and an English oak, stands 
 a handsome red oak. 
 
 Let us now go back to the Arbor that looks down 
 into Vale Cashmere and start again from that particu- 
 lar point, taking the path which leaves it from the 
 west. This Arbor is a beautiful place at all times. 
 It is hard to say when you like it best, be it May or 
 June when the Wistaria, the laurel, the azaleas and 
 the rhododendrons are in their glory or later, in July 
 
or August, when the trumpet creeper (Tecoma or 
 Bignonia radicans) pushes out its long scarlet horns 
 and calls the humming birds. 
 
 As you leave the Arbor, the path bends to the left 
 and runs beside East Drive southward. To your left 
 are azaleas, Deuzla gracilis, purple leaved barberries, 
 Japan quince, bridal wreath spiraeas, dogwood and, 
 climbing high in air at the point where a branch path 
 leads down to the Pool, a fine Akebia quinata, with 
 clover-like leaves (notched at the top) and plum- 
 colored flowers in the spring. On your right you have 
 passed copper beeches (near the drive-crossing), fern- 
 leaved beech, diagonally opposite the young dogwoods 
 on the other side of the path, fragrant honeysuckle 
 with its cusp tipped leaves, silver bell (Halesia tctra- 
 ptera) calle'd so from its seed, which is four (tetra) 
 winged (ptera). 
 
 Take now the little branch path at the left, down a 
 series of steps to the Pool at the bottom of Vale Cash- 
 mere, passing on your right a weeping European ash. 
 If it is syringa (more properly Philadelphus) time, 
 the way is through a veritable snowdrift of blossoms. 
 Philadelphus coronarius is here, and Philadelphus 
 grandiflorus with large ovate leaves, pointed and 
 toothed, smooth and quite downy and sweeping re- 
 curving branches which at once mark it from the 
 coronarius. 
 
 At the bottom of the series of steps is the cozy Pool. 
 If it is early spring the Azalea amccua, truly called the 
 ''lovely," spreads a mass of crimson on the point of 
 land over there back of the fountain. Here, close to 
 
the Walk (the westerly, beside the Pool) is a cockspur 
 thorn of the variety pyracanthafolia, and if you fol- 
 low this Walk around the margin of the Pool you will 
 pass Aralia spinosa, Andromeda axillaris with blos- 
 soms, on curving stems, like rows of little lilies of the 
 valley, Oriental spruce, magnificent rhododendrons, 
 weeping Norway spruce, Forsythia viridissiina, button 
 bush (Cephalanthns occidentalis) and sweet pepper- 
 bush (Clcthra aini folia), near the stone posts at the 
 southern end of the Pool, Spircca callosa, var. alba and 
 Indian currant or coral berry (Symphoricarpos i'iil- 
 garls). On the little peninsula, almost in the center 
 of the Pool, stands a curious tree which you can easily 
 pick out by its umbrella-like form. It is a weeping 
 variety of the Japan pagoda tree or Sophora Japonica. 
 The Sophora gets its name from its pea-like flowers 
 and fruit. Around on the eastern side of the Pool you 
 will find the smooth winterberry (Ilex Icevigata), the 
 sweet bay or swamp magnolia (Magnolia glauca) , and 
 hidden a little back from the Walk, near a fork of 
 the path to Rose Garden, the Euonymus Thunbergl- 
 amis or Enonymns alatus, remarkable for the corky 
 wings on its branches. 
 
 From the Pool, going south, the path forks into two 
 branches. The left runs past magnificent clumps of 
 Viburnum plicatum, Spiraa Reevesiana, Spircca Van 
 Honttei, cork barked elms, umbrella trees, with leaves 
 a foot long and over, Tartarian honeysuckle, with 
 bright red berries in summer, Magnolia Sonlangeana, 
 covered in April with beautiful white flowers flushed 
 with pink (pink on the outside, white on the inside). 
 
i6 
 
 Just beyond the Sonlangcana, the path forks again. 
 The left branch slips around by clumps of Hercules's 
 club (Aralia spinosa), common snowball (Viburnum 
 opulis, var. sterilis) , Weigela, to meet the Walk, above 
 spoken of, which follows parallel with Flatbush 
 Avenue. The right branch glides along by easy turns 
 to meet the Battle Pass Walk. This bends by bushes of 
 sessile-leaved Weigela, oleaster, well grown Austrian 
 pines, hemlocks, under boughs of cherry birch which 
 hang heavy with the gold lace of flowering catkins in 
 the spring. This path bends now into the Walk 
 which runs on down behind the rocky ramparts which 
 an historic plate commemorates as Battle Pass. If you 
 follow it from this point you will wander by a good 
 sized Corsican pine on the right and a well grown 
 Kentucky coffee tree, on the same side, a little beyond. 
 About opposite the Kentucky coffee tree is a beautiful 
 bush of the bridal wreath spiraea (Spircra pruuifolia) 
 and almost at the point of intersection of this path 
 with the Walk by the English oaks, spoken of above, 
 stands an historic old black walnut "Which," says one 
 of the Park reports, "Is the only one left of a former 
 group which occupied the high ground near Valley 
 Grove Road." 'Close by is the historic weeping willow 
 (Saliv Babylonica) above spoken of, which is also the 
 only one remaining of a former group. About oppo- 
 site the black walnut, you will find on the right of the 
 Walk, English walnut, distinguishable by its com- 
 pound leaves of from five to nine leaflets which are 
 indistinctly serrate. 
 
 The ledge of rock which bears the Battle Pass tablet 
 
is crowned with a goodly company of conifers. 
 Among them you will find the beautiful Himalayan 
 or Bhotan pine with its soft and silvery tassels of 
 leaves, the handsome Cephalonian silver firs with their 
 stiff brush-like branches, the common white pines 
 ( I'inus strobns) with their short slender needles and 
 the Norway sypruces with their strong incurved leaves 
 Come here when the wind sounds his orchestral music. 
 Stand in this little grove and listen. The harp, the 
 violin, the 'cello are all ringing with the melodies of 
 heaven. Elder grows here in great clumps, making 
 beautiful sights in early summer with their cymes 
 of white bloom. Here, too, the lovely Hall's Japan 
 honeysuckle creeps and climbs and sets its fragrant 
 flowers to the air, white changing slowly to yellow. 
 The spot is a veritable little wood glen. Its floor is 
 covered with dry brown needles which have fallen 
 from the conifers and it sends up whiffs of spicy, pun- 
 gent resin that carry you away, as by magic, to deep 
 dark woods. This is one of the joys of Park rambling. 
 A rock, a dell, stumbled into, sets wing to a thousand 
 woodland memories and you live over again those 
 days which if you are a city worker, are so rare and so 
 lovely to you. 
 
 Behind the evergreen-crowned ledge the Walk slips 
 on down a good grade toward the Willink Entrance, 
 passing on the right Koclr enter la, Cephalonian silver 
 fir, Bhotan pine, Forsythia viridissima with its golden 
 stars in early spring, syringa with snow in June, celan- 
 dine, tall sweet gums or liquid ambers, leopard coated 
 button woods, spice bush, smoke trees rolling out their 
 
i8 
 
 clouds of bloom in June and Cornelian cherry with 
 its pretty clusters of dull yellow flowers which are 
 almost the first to break out in early spring, before its 
 leaves are out. Over on the border of the Drive, a 
 little northwest of the sweet gums and buttonwoods 
 you will find the River or Red Birch with gray-brown 
 bark touched with cinnamon and rhombic-ovate leaves. 
 On the left you passed Koclreuteria with its com- 
 pound leaves of coarsely toothed leaflets ; American 
 white ash, tall and straight with lozenge-plated bark 
 and compound leaves, pale green on the under 
 sides ; European silver linden, of sugar loaf 
 form and cordate leaves, white on the under 
 sides and dark glossy green on the upper sides; wil- 
 low leaved European ash ; ash-leaved maple easily dis- 
 tinguished by its pinnate leaves of from three to five 
 leaflets, usually three and rarely seven ; then two silver 
 bell trees, known easily by their peculiarly marked 
 bark, then a couple of spice-bushes ; Californian privet, 
 with glossy dark, green oval leaves ; and very near 
 the point made by a junction of the path coming in 
 from the left here, are a couple of handsome scarlet- 
 fruited hawthorns. These you can know at once by 
 their thorns and bright green, thin, smooth leaves of 
 roundish ovate form, sharply lobed. The lobes are 
 generally very regularly cut and give the leaves a 
 very symmetrical look, but sometimes they vary greatly 
 from this regularity of cut. These trees bloom pro- 
 fusely in May, and in September are loaded with their 
 bright scarlet fruit, large, for hawthorns (about half 
 
19 
 
 an inch), round or pear-shaped, and the birds get 
 after them with a vengeance. 
 
 Back in the shrubbery, close by the border of the 
 Pond, you will find a beautiful American beech, which 
 you distinguish by its smooth light gray bark and 
 chestnut-like leaves. 
 
 Close by the culvert that lets a tumbling stream 
 into Wild Fowl Pond, you will find sassafras with its 
 three different kinds of leaves ; egg-shaped, mitten- 
 shaped, double mitten-shaped, and a tall European 
 or tree alder, which you will have no difficulty in find- 
 ing if you look for its black last year's "cones" which 
 are sure to be hanging on its branches. Its leaf, too, 
 is decisive with a curved notch at the top. 
 
 This brings us to Wild Fowl Pond on the one side 
 and the drive crossing back of Battle Pass on the 
 other. 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 
 N<?2 
 BATTLE PASS 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 2 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Calif ornian privet. 
 
 2. Cornelian cherry. 
 
 3. Dotted fruited hawthorn. 
 
 4. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 5. American hornbeam. 
 
 6. European silver linden. 
 
 7. Koelreuteria. 
 
 8. Syringa. 
 
 (Various kinds). 
 
 9. Yellow-wood. 
 
 10. European hazel. 
 
 11. Common sweet pepper 
 
 bush. 
 
 12. European linden. 
 
 13. White oak. 
 
 14. English hawthorn. 
 
 15. American chestnut. 
 
 1 6. English elm. 
 
 17. Sweet gum or bilsted. 
 
 18. Mockernut or white- 
 
 heart hickory. 
 
 19. Colorado blue spruce. 
 
 20. Norway maple. 
 
 21. Nordmann's silver fir. 
 
 22. Variegated Weigela. 
 
 23. Tulip tree. 
 
 24. Spicebush. 
 
 25. Bhotan pine. 
 
 26. Wild red cherry. 
 
 27. Shady hydrangea. 
 
 28. Dotted fruited hawthorn. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Ligustrum ovalifolium. 
 Cornus mascula. 
 Cratccgus punctata. 
 Negundo aceroides. 
 
 Carpinus Carolitiiana. 
 Tilia Europcea, var. argentca. 
 Koelreuteria paniculata. 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Cladrastis tinctoria. 
 Corylus avcllana. 
 Clethra alnifolia. 
 
 Tilia Europcca. 
 Qucrcus alba. 
 Cratccgus oxyacantha. 
 Castanca sativa, var. Ameri- 
 cana. 
 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 Liquidambar styraciflua. 
 Carya tomentosa. 
 
 Picca pungens. 
 Acer platanoides. 
 Abies Nordmanniana. 
 Diervilla rosca, var. foliis var- 
 
 iegatis. 
 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Benzoin benzoin. 
 Pinus excelsa. 
 
 Prunns Pennsylvanicum. 
 Hydrangea arborescent. 
 Cratcegiis punctata. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 29. Mugho pine. 
 
 30. Laburnum, golden chain, 
 
 or bean trefoil tree. 
 
 31. Siberian pea tree. 
 
 32. Weeping bald cypress. 
 
 33. Van Houtte's spiraea. 
 
 34. English walnut. 
 
 35. White mulberry. 
 
 36. Buttonbush. 
 
 37. Yellow flowered buckeye. 
 
 38. Black haw. 
 
 39. French tamarisk. 
 
 40. Japan pagoda tree. 
 
 41. Camperdown elm. 
 
 42. Variegated English yew. 
 
 43. Bhotan pine. 
 
 44. Dockmackie or maple 
 
 leaved arrowwood. 
 45- Japan quince. 
 
 46. Imperial cut-leaved Eu- 
 
 ropean alder. 
 
 47. European hornbeam. 
 
 48. Black mulberry. 
 
 49. Scotch elm. 
 
 50. Golden bell or Forsythia. 
 
 51. English cork bark elm. 
 
 52. Austrian pine. 
 
 53. Cherry birch. 
 
 54. American beech. 
 
 55. Sour gum, tupelo or pep- 
 
 peridge. 
 
 56. Black oak. 
 
 57. Hemlock. 
 
 58. Sycamore maple. 
 
 59. English maple. 
 
 60. Sugar or rock maple. 
 
 61. .Pin oak. 
 
 62. Red maple. 
 
 Pinus montana, var. Mughus. 
 Laburnum vulgare. 
 
 Caragana arboresccns. 
 Taxodium disticlium, var. 
 
 pendulum. 
 
 Spircea Van Houttei. 
 Juglans regia. 
 Morus alba. 
 
 Ccphalanthus occidentalis. 
 Pavia lutea. 
 Viburnu m prunifoliu m. 
 TamarLv Gallica. 
 Sophora Japonica. 
 Ulmus montana, var. Cam- 
 
 perdoivnii pendula. 
 Taxus baccata, var. elegantis- 
 
 sirna. 
 Pinus cxcclsa. 
 
 Viburnum aceri folium. 
 
 Cy do nia Japonica. 
 
 Alnus glutinosa, var. lacin- 
 
 iata imperialis. 
 Carpinus betulus. 
 Morus nigra. 
 Ulmus montana. 
 Forsyth ia viridissima. 
 Ulmus campestris, var. su- 
 
 berosa. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 Be tula lenta. 
 Fagus ferruginca. 
 Nyssa sylvatica. 
 
 Oncrcus coccinea, var. tinc- 
 
 toria. 
 
 Tsuga Canadensls. 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 Acer campestre. 
 Acer saccharinum. 
 Qucrcus palustris. 
 Acer rubrum, 
 
COM r ON NAME BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 63. Washington thorn. Crattcgus cor data. 
 
 64. Silver maple. Acer dasycarpuni. 
 
 65. Mockernut or white- Carya tomcntosa. 
 
 heart hickory. 
 
 66. European beech. Fagus sylvatica. 
 
 67. Striped maple or moose- Acer Pennsylvanicum. 
 
 wood. 
 
 68. Large thorned variety of Cratargus coccinca, i'ar. mac 
 
 the scarlet fruited haw- racantha. 
 thorn. 
 
II. 
 
 BATTLE PASS TO FLOWER GARDEN. 
 
 Starting- from the drive crossing at Battle Pass 
 and following the Walk south, the first shrubs you 
 will pass on your right are well grown bushes of Cali- 
 fornian privet and Cornelian cherry (Cornus mascula). 
 The Cornelian cherry bears greenish yellow flowers, 
 which are among the first to open in the spring. It 
 belongs to the dogwood (Cornus) family, and its 
 flowers, when fully out, bunch in clusters along its 
 branches in a way that makes you think of "bachelor's 
 buttons." The flowers develop in the summer to 
 beautiful light yellow berries, which in the early fall 
 change to shining scarlet. Further along, on the right 
 again, are English cork bark elm, and about opposite 
 the end of the Shelter over on the left of the Walk, 
 is American hornbeam. The hornbeam can be iden- 
 tified by its bark alone smooth, and often streaked 
 with fine silvery lines. It is impossible to mistake its 
 smooth, hard, muscular look, its clean-cut trunk and 
 boughs with their swelling ridges which suggest bare 
 muscles. There are many hornbeams in the Park, both 
 native and European. The native hornbeam (Carpi- 
 mis Caroliniana) is also called water-beech or blue- 
 beech, and certainly the leaf is very much like both 
 the beech and the birch, but more like the latter, how- 
 
ever. The European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) 
 has a leaf very much like that of the cherry birch. 
 You can tell the difference between the European and 
 the native hornbeams by their seed clusters. The 
 European is halberd shaped, the native, half halberd 
 shaped. 
 
 About opposite the hornbeam on the other side of 
 the path, close to the southern corner of the Shelter, 
 is a pretty Washington thorn, and beyond it, a 
 Kcclreiitcriq, and then some very beautiful yellow- 
 woods (Cladrastis tinctoria), with fine, smooth, gray- 
 ish bark, almost satin-like in the strong sunshine. 
 They are goodly trees, well grown and healthy. You 
 may know them by their long, compound leaves, made 
 up of from seven to eleven oval leaflets. These trees 
 are lovely sights in June when they are hung full of 
 sweet smelling flowers, pure white, in long strings or 
 racemes, very much like the flowers of the common 
 locust (Robinia pscuddcacia). Just beyond the yel- 
 low-woods is a well-grown European hazel (Corylus 
 ai'cllana), which is lace hung in spring, with dull 
 rusty brown catkins that have a grace and beauty 
 all their own. Indeed, I know of no fairer early 
 spring sight than that of the lace-hung hazels vailing 
 themselves while yet the trees are bare. About op- 
 posite the hazel, on the right of the path, you will 
 find a noble growth of the sweet pepper bush (Clethra 
 aluifolia). This gets its name, alnifolia, by the way, 
 from its close resemblance to the alder (Alnus) leaf. 
 The sweet pepper bush speaks for itself in July. Then 
 it sends up little fingers of delicate frost-white bloom 
 
so sweetly fragrant that bees, ants, and, seemingly, 
 every kind of bug or insect, swarm to it and over it. 
 The whole bush is then fairly alive with honey sip- 
 pers. Beyond the clcthra, on your right, you pass a 
 fine European linden (Tilia Enropcea}, of excellent 
 form, and beautiful, full leafage. This tree is also 
 a veritable hive of insect industry when it is in bloom, 
 which is in June. Then it is hung full of fragrant, 
 starry, cream-colored flowers, which droop on stalks 
 from leaf-life bracts. So fragrant are the flowers at 
 night, that they fill all the air in the neighborhood of 
 the trees on which they hang with a perfume that is 
 almost heavy. 
 
 Now we have come to a point where the Walk makes 
 a kind of double turn after the manner of Hogarth's 
 line of beauty, into a glade or grove of tall and grace- 
 ful trees that are truly majestic. You walk as through 
 some open, unroofed temple whose columns are lordly 
 oaks, stately chestnuts, straight strong hickories, 
 graceful birches, towering sweet gums (liquidam- 
 bars), with here and there set among them, in lowly 
 modesty, young dogwoods reaching out to you over 
 the Walk with most delicate, bewitching grace. Just 
 before you pass into the shade of this hall of trees, 
 notice the pretty clump of privet on the left, and just 
 beyond it the little English hawthorns, which seem 
 to stand so shyly at the portals where are assembled 
 all these stately trees. Here are white oaks which 
 are a glory in the winter sunshine with their light 
 granite bark broken in plates and their bold and 
 rugged fling of boughs filling the eye with joy at their 
 
29 
 
 strength as they stand gnarled and knotted against 
 the clear blue sky. Most of the white oaks here are 
 the broad-leafed variety. There are many of the nar- 
 row-leafed variety in other parts of the Park (notably 
 on Lookout Hill), but most of these here are of the 
 broad leaf form, or widely ovate, broadest at the top. 
 Here, too, are black oaks that glow with bronze when 
 October walks through the Park. Here hickories sing 
 their anthem of golden glory to the frosty winds, 
 and here the sweet gums set fire to their starry leaves 
 with flames of orange, crimson and richest blue-pur- 
 ple. But beautiful as this grove is in autumn, it has 
 perhaps a more delicate beauty in spring. Don't fail 
 to come here when the dogwood blooms in May. Then 
 the Walk runs on under canopies of white which seem 
 to float upon the air rather than to hang in it. On 
 your right, passing along from the finely formed 
 European linden of which we spoke just a little above, 
 and which stands close by a short roadway from the 
 path to the Drive, you will find a fine black oak stand- 
 ing a little to the south. A cherry birch stands just 
 south of the black oak. Continuing on your right you 
 pass two white oaks close together about opposite the 
 two English hawthorns just spoken of, then black oak 
 again, silver maple, a couple of American chestnuts 
 by the Drive, mockernut hickory, and another chest- 
 nut not far from a lamp-post on the Drive. 
 
 Up to this point you have passed on your left, Eng- 
 lish hawthorn, white oak, striped maple (directly back 
 to the northeast of the white oak), yellow- wood and 
 European beech standing close to each other a little 
 
30 
 
 to the east of the Walk, then black oak, and mockernut 
 hickory about opposite the lamp-post on the Drive. 
 To the east of the black oak and hickory, a few steps 
 back, you will find another English hawthorn. 
 
 Continuing along the path to Willink Entrance you 
 pass, in that delightful patch of wildwood which lies in 
 between the Walk and the Drive, a wonderful host of 
 small things which rise there every year to tell you 
 it is spring. Here you will find wild sarsaparilla, 
 spring beauties, jacks-in-the-pulpit, violets, wild 
 geraniums, Solomon's seal, false Solomon's seal, and 
 hundreds of others. Further along there are noble 
 tulip trees (Liriodendron tulipifera) rising to majestic 
 heights, and in June glorious sights when they are all 
 hung full of chalice-like flowers, orange and green. 
 These flowers make the seed "cones" of the tulip tree, 
 so conspicuous in winter. 
 
 On the left, you have passed American chestnut, and 
 quite a clump of cherry birches clustered together not 
 far from a short foot-worn path striking diagonally 
 across. Several fine English elms stand almost in 
 line of each other, at wide distances, in a row parallel 
 with the Walk. You can know them by their oak- 
 like look and elm leaf. 
 
 If you follow the path on, it will lead you beneath 
 Eastwood Arch, and on to the Boat House at Lull- 
 water, but we are not quite ready to go down there 
 yet, for a left hand branch, which breaks off here and 
 runs out to the Willink Entrance has some lovely 
 things to show us. On the way we pass English 
 hawthorns, and beneath the wide-spreading boughs of 
 
the English field elm (Utmus caaipcstris) easily recog- 
 nized by its rather straight main shaft, by its some- 
 what horizontal manner of sending out its boughs. 
 Indeed, as has been said above, the tree has an almost 
 oak-like look, sturdy and thickset. Just beyond the 
 English elm is one of the handsomest Norway maples 
 in the Park. It is a glory in spring, when it is cov- 
 ered with delicate green flowers, and it is an equal 
 glory in autumn when it is a hanging cloud of orange- 
 yellow. On the left, near the Entrance, you will find 
 a good little Colorado blue spruce (Picea pun gens) } 
 and fine growths of the Retinospora pisifcra, var. 
 squarrosa. This variety of Retinospora is easily recog- 
 nized by its soft, squarely setting leaf sprays, and by 
 the light bluish-green cast of color in its foliage, 
 delicately tinged with fine drifts of silver. In winter 
 the shrub often takes on delicate copperish or red- 
 dish bronze tints, which are very beautiful through 
 its silvery green. 
 
 Crossing the Drive and starting in again on the 
 left-hand Walk of the Willink Entrance, notice the 
 young Nordmann's silver fir on your right. It is a 
 young tree, but beautifully formed, and it is growing 
 finely. A little further on the path forks. Its left- 
 hand branch keeps on straight ahead over a rise toward 
 the Ocean Avenue Entrance, while the right bends 
 around toward the Boat House. If you follow the 
 Boat House path, you will pass, on your left, very near 
 the drive crossing, great masses of variegated 
 Weigela, with leaves of a mingled pale yellow and 
 green, the borders of a light yellowish green. In 
 
32 
 
 June, when these bushes are in bloom, they are beau- 
 tiful indeed, and the perfume of their flowers is 
 fragrance itself. Crossing the Drive you strike again 
 the cathedral groves of chestnut, hickory, oak, sweet 
 gum, tulip and birch. Squirrels are lively here, and 
 it is here, in summer, that the goat carriages wheel 
 their burdens of delighted children along the Walk. 
 This part of the Park is a great haunt of the brown 
 thrasher, and it is a satisfying thing to hear his liquid 
 notes thrilling the soft air of a June day in these leafy 
 glades. 
 
 Following this Walk toward the Boat House you 
 will pass, on the right, straggling bushes of yew, 
 Mahonia Japonica, rhododendrons, and on the left, 
 near the Arch, spice-bush (Benzoin benzoin). This 
 Arch, known as Eastwood Arch, is beautifully hung 
 with the drooping golden bell or yellow jessamine 
 (Forsythia suspensd). It may be interesting to add 
 here that the Forsythia gets its name from an Eng- 
 lish botanist, W. A. Forsyth. For beauty of setting, 
 this arch is one of the most picturesque in the Park. 
 As you pass through it, you come out upon dogwoods 
 and hawthorns, which lean out lovingly towards you 
 from the banksides and when they are in bloom they 
 make the place a fairyland of white. Just as you 
 come from beneath the Arch, down at your right there 
 is a pretty wild hydrangea (Hydrangea arborescens), 
 which loves just the kind of a sheltered spot it has 
 here. It has ovate or slightly cordate leaves, serrate 
 and pointed and bears its white flowers in a flat cyme 
 or head in June. Near it is a mass of wild purple- 
 
33 
 
 flowering raspberry (Rubus odoratns) which is cov- 
 ered in July or August with the beautifully tinted 
 flowers which have given it its name. Higher up on 
 the slope of the bank, by the roadside which runs 
 over the Arch, a wild red cherry tree wreaths its bloom 
 in May. Continuing, beyond the hydrangea, you will 
 find some good hemlocks with fine and feathery leaf- 
 sprays. Close by the border of the Walk are wild 
 sarsaparilla and goodly white and scarlet oaks crown 
 the ridges of the slopes. The yew, the Rhododendron, 
 the Azalea, the Mahonia, the Mngho pine are here also, 
 all on the right of the Walk, and a cluster of sycamore 
 maples just in fork of the Walk where it sends off 
 a branch toward the Music Stand. On the left of the 
 Walk are beautiful flowering dogwoods (Cornus 
 Honda), which make this spot a special haunt of the 
 camera enthusiast, and pretty dotted fruited haw- 
 thorns, a fine American beech, well up on the bank, 
 cherry birches and more dogwoods. Just beyond this 
 place the path forks again, the right running over a 
 cozily set rustic bridge, hemlock shaded, to the Music 
 Stand ; the left-hand branch slipping easily down a 
 little grade to the Boat House, and then running on 
 again around the quiet stream here (well named Lull- 
 water) to meet other walks which come together near 
 Cleft Ridge Span, the Arch leading into the Flower 
 Garden with its restaurant and goodly elms over- 
 shadowing. 
 
 Proceeding along the left-hand fork there is a fine 
 laburnum or bean-trefoil tree (Laburnum vulgare") at 
 your left, which is strung through and through in 
 
34 
 
 June with the golden chains of bloom which have 
 given it its common name, "golden chain." You 
 meet this just before you come to the Boat House, 
 and can easily identify it by its three clover-like leaves. 
 Nestling almost beneath it is a pretty Siberian pea 
 tree, which may be known by its leaves alone, made 
 up of from four to six pairs of oval oblong leaflets. 
 This is the Caragana arborescens. Its flowers are yel- 
 low, and they appear in May. Beyond the Boat 
 House there are many things to claim your attention. 
 This Walk, as stated above, leads along by the side 
 of the stream. On your right, close down by the 
 water's edge, rears up a lofty weeping bald cypress 
 (Taxodium distichum, var. pendulum} of spire-like 
 form and soft feathery foliage. Further along are 
 large growths of barberry, loaded in late May or 
 early June with clusters of yellow flowers which de- 
 velop in September into the beautiful cool-looking 
 crimson berries that are a delight to the eye all through 
 the autumn and remain on the bushes in good part 
 through the winter. Beyond are sycamore maple. 
 English maple, Japan quince, with rich crimson 
 flowers in May ; English walnut on the bank where 
 the water comes in close to the Walk; Forsythia with 
 golden bell-like flowers in late April or early May ; 
 pin oak with its tiny acorns and back of it by the water, 
 buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis), in blossom in 
 June; smoke tree (Rhns cotinns), French tamarisk 
 (Tamarix G allied) and Forsythia and Deuteia cre- 
 nata. On your left you have passed great clumps 
 of Spircca Recvesiana ; Spircca Van Honttci, white 
 
35 
 
 mulberry; a graceful yellow-flowered buckeye (Pavia 
 lutea) with yellow flowers in May or June; black 
 haw (Viburnum prunifolium) and Austrian pine. 
 
 Upon the slope of the hill, back of the Austrian 
 pine you will find some more English walnuts. Fur- 
 ther on, along the Walk, and back on the slope is a 
 fine Japan pagoda tree with locust-like foliage. As 
 you round the turn of the Walk to go under the Arch 
 (Cleft Ridge Span) a remarkable tree of spreading 
 habit and dwarf umbrella form meets you. It is very 
 conspicuous with its wide-reaching drooping branches. 
 This is the Camperdown elm and is exceedingly 
 picturesque in summer or winter. Its leaf with its 
 long points and rough surface marks its kinship with 
 the Scotch elm (Ulinus montana). Just beyond the 
 Camperdown, near the Arch, are masses of Taxus 
 baccata, var. elegantissima (variegated English yew), 
 beautiful sights in early June when their new shoots 
 of golden-yellow tuft out all over them. Just as you 
 go under the Arch look up on your right and see a 
 handsome Bhotan pine hanging its tassels high up 
 on the bank. This brings us to the Flower Garden. 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 N<?3 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 3 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 T. Camperdown elm. 
 
 2. Forsythia or golden bell. 
 
 (With leaves interme- 
 diate between the bush, 
 viridissima, variety and 
 the weeping, suspensa, 
 variety). 
 
 3. Shrubby Wistaria. 
 
 (Pale purple flowers). 
 
 4. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 5. Japan maple. 
 
 6. Austrian pine. 
 
 7. European flowering ash. 
 
 8. Black walnut. 
 
 9. Cornelian cherry. 
 
 10. American or white elm. 
 
 11. Day lily. 
 
 12. Weeping European sil- 
 
 ver linden. 
 
 13. Hornbeam-leaved maple. 
 
 14. Colchicum-leaved maple. 
 
 15. Japan snowball. 
 
 1 6. European English yew. 
 
 17. Cephalonian silver fir. 
 
 1 8. Japan ground cypress or 
 
 Japan arbor vitae. 
 (Pea-fruiting). 
 
 19. Irish juniper. 
 
 20. Irish yew. 
 
 21. Polish juniper. 
 
 22. Swiss stone pine. 
 
 23. Chinese arbor vitse. 
 
 24. Hemlock. 
 
 25. Sycamore maple. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Ulmus montana, var. Camper- 
 
 downii pendula. 
 Forsythia intermedia. 
 
 Wistaria frutescens. 
 
 Cornus ftorida. 
 
 Acer polymorphism. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 
 Juglans nigra. 
 
 Cornus mascula. 
 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 
 Hemerocallis fulva. 
 
 Tilia Europaa, var. argentea 
 
 (or alba} pendula. 
 Acer carpinifolium. 
 Acer l&tum. 
 Viburnum plicatum. 
 Taxus baccata. 
 Abies Cephalonica. 
 Chamacyparis or Retinos- 
 
 pora) pisifera, var. aurea. 
 
 Juniperus communis, var. Hi- 
 
 bernica. 
 
 Taxus baccata, var. fastigiata. 
 Juniperus communis, var. 
 
 Cracovia. 
 Pinus Cembra. 
 Thuya Orientalis. 
 Tsuga Canadensis. 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 26. Kentucky coffee' tee. 
 *27. Cunninghamia. 
 
 28. White pine. 
 
 29. European linden. 
 
 30. Slender Deutzia. 
 
 31. Chinese podocarpus. 
 
 32. Norway maple. 
 
 33. Small mockernut hick- 
 
 ory. 
 
 34. American basswood. 
 
 35. Sugar or rock maple. 
 
 36. European ash. 
 
 37. Japan quince. 
 
 38. Ghent azalea. (Variety 
 
 Bryant.) 
 
 39. Japan ground cypress or 
 
 'Japan arbor vitse 
 (Plume-leaved). 
 
 40. European holly. 
 
 41. Japan aucuba. 
 
 42. Lovely azalea. 
 
 43. Mountain laurel. 
 
 44. European silver linden. 
 
 f 45. Weeping European sil- 
 ver linden. 
 
 [ 46. Rhododendrons. Vari- 
 ous kinds, mostly of the 
 Everestianum (lilac 
 flowers) variety. 
 
 47. Tulip tree. 
 
 48. Adam's needle. 
 
 49. English cork bark elm, 
 
 grafted on stock of 
 slippery elm. 
 
 50. Scotch elm. (Grafted 
 
 on stock of slippery 
 elm). 
 
 51. Weeping Japan pagoda 
 
 tree. 
 
 52. Copper beech. 
 
 Gymnocladus Canadcnsis. 
 Cunninghamia Sinensis. 
 Pinus strobus. 
 Tilia Europcea. 
 Deutzia gracilis. 
 Podocarpus Sincnsis. 
 Acer platanoides. 
 Carya microcarpa. 
 
 Tilia Americana. 
 Acer saccharinum. 
 Fraxinus excelsior. 
 Cydonia Japonic a. 
 Azalea Sincnsis. 
 
 Chamcecyparis (or Retinas 
 
 pora) pisifera, var. plu- 
 
 mosa. 
 
 Ilex aquifolium. 
 Aucuba Japonic a. 
 Azalea amccna. 
 Ka Im la la ti folia . 
 Tilia Europcea, var. argentea 
 
 (or alba). 
 Tilia Europcea, var. argentea 
 
 (or alba) pendula. 
 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Yucca niamcntosa. 
 Ulmus campestris, var. sub 
 erosa on stock of Ulmus 
 
 fulva. 
 Umus t 
 
 Ulmus montana, on stock of 
 Ulmus fulva. 
 
 Sophora Japonica, var. pen- 
 
 dula. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. cuprea. 
 
 * Cut down while MS. was going through press. Some 
 saplings from it are coming up near its stump 
 
COMMOX NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 53. Umbrella pine. 
 
 54. Purple-leaved sycamore 
 
 maple. 
 
 55. Various-leaved Euro- 
 
 pean linden. 
 
 56. Norway spruce. 
 
 57. Blue willow. 
 
 58. Teas's weeping mulberry 
 
 or Russian weeping 
 mulberry. 
 
 59. Silver maple. 
 
 60. Weeping Chinese lilac. 
 
 (Flowers in large white 
 panicles, about middle 
 of June). 
 
 61. Kilmarnock weeping wil- 
 
 low. 
 
 62. Gregory's Norway 
 
 spruce. 
 
 63. Double red-flowering 
 
 peach. 
 
 64. Kcelreuteria. 
 
 65. Spicebush. 
 
 66. Mockernut or white- 
 
 heart hickory. 
 
 67. European flowering ash. 
 
 68. Weeping English yew. 
 
 69. Japan pagoda tree. 
 
 70. Japan ground cypress or 
 
 Japan arbor vitae. 
 (Variety squarrosa.} 
 
 71. Deodar or Indian cedar. 
 
 72. Garden azalea. 
 
 73. American white ash. 
 
 74. Crisp-leaved European 
 
 ash. 
 
 75. Weeping golden bell or 
 
 Forsythia. 
 
 76. Ninebark. 
 
 77. Garden hydrangea. 
 
 78. Dwarf Japan catalpa. 
 
 79. Japan Judas tree. 
 
 S dado pit ys re r tic ilia t a. 
 Acer pseudoplatanus, var. 
 
 purpurea. 
 Tilia Europcea, var. hctero- 
 
 phylla. 
 
 Picea exceha. 
 Salix alba, var. ccurulea. 
 Morns alba, var. Tartarica. 
 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 Syringa, var. Pekinensis pen- 
 dula. 
 
 Salix capraa, var. pcndula. 
 
 Picea excelsa, var. Gregor- 
 
 yiana. 
 Prunus Persica vulgaris, 
 
 var. flora sanguinea plena. 
 Kcelreuteria paniculata. 
 Benzoin benzoin. 
 Carya tomentosa. 
 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 
 Taxus baccata, var. pcndula. 
 
 Sophora Japonica. 
 
 Cham&cy paris (or Retinos- 
 
 pora) pisifera, var. squar- 
 
 rosa. 
 
 Cedrus Deodara. 
 Azalea mollis. 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. atro- 
 
 virens. 
 Forsythia suspensa. 
 
 Physocarpus (or Spircra} op- 
 
 uli folia. 
 
 Hydrangea hortensis. 
 Catalpa Bungei. 
 Cercis Japonica. 
 
4 2 
 
 COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 80. Panicled hydrangea. Hydrangea paniculata, var. 
 
 (Large flowered.) grandiflora. 
 
 81. Shellbark or shagbark Carya alba. 
 
 hickory. 
 
 82. Sassafras. Sassafras officinale. 
 
III. 
 
 FLOWER GARDEN. 
 
 Starting at Cleft Ridge Span, the Arch leading from 
 the quiet Walk beside Lullwater into the Flower Gar- 
 den, you come out upon the loveliness of this beautiful 
 spot. With its picturesque .Restaurant bowered in 
 masses of rhododendron and sheltered by lindens and 
 elms it is a most delightful place to loiter in. As 
 you come in from the Arch you pass, on your right 
 great masses of the Forsythia intermedia and sitspensa. 
 These bushes are among the handsomest of the For- 
 sythia in the Park and every spring are loaded with 
 beautiful four petalled yellow flowers. Higher up 
 on the bank, just above the first bushes of the For- 
 sythia nestles another Camperdown elm reaching down 
 to you with the exquisite grace of its slender drooping 
 branches., in its own peculiar umbrella-like manner. 
 
 If you wish to see a handsome effect in crimson come 
 here in early autumn when the masses of Indian cur- 
 rant (Symphoricarpos znilgaris) that plume the ridge 
 of the Span have burst into flame. Beyond the For- 
 sythia is Japan maple (Acer polymorphum) , with 
 finely cut star-like leaves and delicate blood-crimson 
 flowers in small clusters in spring. In autumn the 
 leaves of this tree turn a beautiful cool crimson after 
 most of the trees have passed their glory of color and 
 
44 
 
 it stands by the Arch a lingering torch amid the bared 
 trees. 
 
 On the bank beyond the Japan maple stands a dog- 
 wood glorious in early spring when it rolls back its 
 pin head flower buds and opens its white bracts, lay- 
 ing them on the air in a miracle of floating bloom. Its 
 flowers are bunched in the center of the white bracts. 
 We are now on the Walk which leads up to the top 
 of Breeze Hill and the "Old Fashioned Flower Gar- 
 den/' but we will not go up there yet, for we have some- 
 thing to see on the opposite side of the Walk. Nest- 
 ling in behind the myrtle border, hidden by the growths 
 of dwarf Japan maples, azaleas, and young rhodo- 
 dendrons, you will find the Colchicum-leaved maple 
 (Acer Latuni) which has a very beautiful leaf with 
 a faintly heart-shaped base and from five to seven 
 lobes. Near it and behind it is the peculiar hornbeam- 
 leaved maple (Acer carpini folium) with leaves almost 
 exactly like those of the hornbeam itself. The only 
 difference in the leaves of the two trees, so far as I 
 can see, is that the maple leaf is a little thicker of 
 texture. The similitude is certainly striking. 
 
 As you turn around and come back to the Flower 
 Garden, at the edge of the turn, there are some very 
 fine Japan snowballs (Viburnum plicatum), note- 
 worthy for their beautifully ridged leaves of roundish 
 shape and pointed. They are called plicatum, because 
 the leaves have a crimped or folded appearance. The 
 Viburnum tomentosum, of which the plicatum is a 
 variety, has a similar leaf, less roundish, more elliptic 
 and long acuminate. They are beautiful shrubs and 
 
45 
 
 carry great balls of clustered flowers, pale Nile green 
 at first, then changing to white at maturity. 
 
 If you keep to the right, the Walk will lead you 
 around by the south-eastern slope of Breeze Hill and 
 it is this course we now take. Just beyond the Vibur- 
 num plicatum is a very handsome Japan maple (Acer 
 polymorphum) with small star-shaped leaves. This 
 is a tree of considerable size, but all around the border 
 near it, you will find many varieties of Japan maples, 
 most of them small shrubs, two, three, and four feet 
 high. Among them you will find the cut-leaved (Acer 
 polymorphum, var. dissectum); the purple cut-leaved 
 (Acer polymorphum, var, dissectum atro pur pure urn) 
 with very delicate, finely cut leaves. This last is fairy- 
 like in its fineness, its leaves hanging in the most deli- 
 cate filaments. A little further along nestles the snow- 
 berry shaded by the over-arching glooms of beautiful 
 weeping European silver lindens. Back of the snow- 
 berry, with bending lance-like leaves which make you 
 think of thick sedge grass, lies a rich, cool bank of 
 Hemerocallis or day-lily which shows orange-hued 
 flowers in the summer. This brings us to a flight of 
 stone steps which ascends to the Walk leading to 
 the top of Breeze Hill. We shall not go up, but will 
 keep on, following the right hand border of the Walk. 
 
 Almost the first thing to greet you, beyond the steps, 
 is a European or English yew (Taxus baccata) with 
 dark green foliage and ragged trunk. The leaves of 
 the yew are noticeably pointed and droop somewhat 
 like damp feathers. A little back and beyond the yew 
 is a tall evergreen of broad base and conical top. This 
 
4 6 
 
 is a Cephalonian silver fir (Abies Cephalonica) and 
 may be known by its stiff brush-like leaf sprays and 
 sharply pointed needles. Some elegant specimens of 
 this fir you passed on the first chapter's ramble, near 
 Vale Cashmere. Back of the Cephalonian silver fir, 
 up the slope of the hill are graceful hemlocks. 
 
 Close by the border of the Walk again you pass 
 Japan ground cypress of the variety pisifera and a little 
 further along, very near the corner of the border of 
 the Walk where a couple of steps drop to a small circle 
 of path, you will find Polish juniper. It has been 
 pruned until it is almost a stump, but its foliage is 
 healthy. It varies from our common juniper in its 
 dense, crowded, close-growing stiffer leaves, which are 
 very silvery on the upper sides. If you go down these 
 few steps and follow the arc of the path to the second 
 flight of steps up Breeze Hill, close by the corner you 
 will find Chinese arbor vitse .and by it a well clothed 
 Swiss stone pine. The pine you can easily identify 
 by its leaves in bundles of five. About halfway up 
 the flight of steps to Breeze Hill, close by the steps, is 
 another hemlock, and at the top of the steps, by its 
 right hand corner, is Cornelian cherry. Beside the 
 Cornelian cherry, to the right of it, stands an Ameri- 
 .can elm. Directly in front of the top of the steps 
 are two bushes of nine-bark. On the left of steps, 
 along the path leading into Old Fashioned Flower 
 Garden, are black walnut, American white ash, and 
 black walnut again near the spot where the path opens 
 out into the Old Fashioned Flower Garden. Opposite 
 this black walnut are European flowering ash and Eu- 
 
47 
 
 ropean ash. Note the differences of these last two 
 trees. 
 
 Come back now to the point where we left the 
 Flower Garden, at the foot of the second flight of steps 
 and follow the arc of the walk border toward the 
 Lake. Right in the corner of the border is sycamore 
 maple and back of it about half way up the hill, is a 
 small Cedriis Dcodara or Indian cedar with beautiful 
 light glaucous green, larch-like leaves. Passing on, 
 south-westwards, following the Walk, when you come 
 about opposite the bust of Mozart, if you go over to 
 it and look at the evergreen that stands just behind 
 it you will find a very interesting thing to study. It 
 is the Cunning hamia Sinensis and gets its name from 
 the botanical collector, J. Cunningham, who discovered 
 its species in China about 1700. It is certainly a 
 beautiful conifer (cone-bearer), with long sweeping 
 leafsprays which give the tree something of a palm- 
 like look. Go up and examine its leaves, for they 
 are very handsome. These leaves are fully two inches 
 long, flat and pointed at the tip. From the tip they 
 gradually widen as they approach the stem, to which 
 they are attached in a peculiar way which botanists 
 term dccurrent, that is, running along the stem be- 
 yond the point of fastening. Near the Cunninghamia, 
 north of the Mozart Statue is a little evergreen shrub 
 with an appearance very much like that of the Irish 
 yew. It is the Chinese Podocarpus and its leaves are 
 linear-lanceolate and very noticeably decurrent. 
 
 In this vicinity the rhododendrons are very hand- 
 some. Come here in June when they are in their 
 
4 8 
 
 glory. The dark crimson flowered is the u john 
 Waterer," the crimson, the "H. W. Sargent," the 
 rosy lilac, the "Everestianum," the cherry red, 
 "Charles Bagley." In the beautiful corner at the end 
 of the Flower Garden, very near the steps leading to 
 the sycamore or plane tree grove, are lovely masses 
 of Deutzia gracilis, very beautiful when in flower in 
 late May or June. 
 
 If you cross now to the east side of the Garden, and, 
 beginning at its south-east corner, walk toward the 
 Restaurant, you will pass Japan quince, Ghent Azalea 
 variety Bryant with yellow flowers in May, Japan 
 Ancuba with splashed and spotted leaves, slender 
 Deutzia, and the lovely Azalea amaena, with magenta- 
 crimson flowers in April. Mountain laurel is here and 
 European holly and rhododendrons, in glorious 
 bursts of bloom in June. Back of all these, like a mighty 
 green wall rise the green towers of magnificent Nor- 
 way maples, American basswoods and lindens, and back 
 of these, along the Drive, European lindens, European 
 silver lindens, and weeping European silver lindens. 
 
 Now we have come to a spot where seats, facing 
 the Drive, are placed in rows beneath rustling lindens 
 and elms. The spot is dear to the heart of the park 
 visitor and on a fine day when the driving is good, 
 not a seat is empty. The parade of fashion goes 
 by, the golden air whispers to the leaves overhead, 
 the birds carol unseen in the boughs, and cares and 
 troubles are forgotten. Behind this lovely spot is an 
 ornamental stone urn filled with the pretty bcllis daisy 
 and azaleas. Passing on, we come to the terrace with 
 
49 
 
 its effective stone work. The face of its wall is covered 
 with Eitonymus radicans, var. varicgata. Back of 
 this place the velvet lawns are gracefully set with 
 choice things. Here is a handsome Teas's weeping 
 mulberry, and, in spots, clump the spike-like leaves of 
 the Yucca filamentosa, or Adam's needle, which send 
 up straight shafts from their midst, in mid-summer. 
 At the top of the shaft its bloom breaks forth in great 
 heads of white flowers. Majestic American elms 
 guard the upper edge of this lawn in a kind of half 
 ring and they seem to have been just the right trees 
 to set off the foliage of the basswoods, silver lindens, 
 tulip trees, Norway maples, sugar maples, English field 
 maples and sycamore maples which fill this lovely 
 spot with their shifting shadows and whispering 
 music. 
 
 About the Restaurant itself, the beautiful things 
 gathered there are too numerous to give in detail. We 
 can point out only a few. On the right, as you face 
 it there is a fine copper beech with rich copper colored 
 leaves and a Scotch elm grafted on the stock of U linns 
 fuk'a, near the terrace wall. Near the path at the 
 right-hand end of the Restaurant you will find the 
 beautiful little Japan parasol tree or umbrella pine 
 (S dado pity s vertidllata) with leaves in whorls of thir- 
 ty to forty at the extremities of the branches. Here, 
 too, are many Retinosporas, among them a very hand- 
 some squarrosa. Clustered about the eastern end of 
 the Restaurant, close by it, are garden hydrangea, 
 dwarf Japan catalpa and weeping Chinese lilac. On 
 the left of the Restaurant, close by it, are panicled hy- 
 
clrangea, garden hydrangea and panicled hydrangea 
 again. Close by the little path on the left of the Res- 
 taurant is a handsome Teas's weeping mulberry, which 
 you may know by its mitten-like leaves so characteristic 
 of the mulberry. Over by the border of the lawn, 
 about half way along the Walk toward the driveway, 
 you will find another weeping tree, which at a distance 
 closely resembles that of the Teas's weeping mulberry. 
 But it is quite different when you look at its leaves. 
 This is the Kilmarnock weeping willow, and it is a 
 graft on the stock of the goat willow (Salix caprea). 
 as its leaves show. If you have any doubts about its 
 being a willow, come here early in spring and see its 
 little "pussies" scattered all along its stems. Near the 
 Kilmarnock willow is a beautiful double red-flowering 
 peach tree. Its bloom is something glorious, breaking 
 forth in early May into bursts of rich carmine-tinted 
 flowers. Catch these with the afternoon sunshine il- 
 luminating them and you will have a sight that will 
 be with you many a day. Further along on the Walk 
 are Picea excelsa, var. Gregoryiana, a low cushion-like 
 variety of the Norway spruce, known at once by its 
 form, which makes you think of the pictures of Eski- 
 mo huts in the geographies. Follow along here and 
 you pass Swiss stone pine, Kcclreuteria, and Ameri- 
 can basswood (tall and finely grown), and at the 
 point where the Walk meets the Drive at your right 
 is a spice bush (Benzoin benzoin) with a silver maple 
 just behind it. If you turn back again now and walk 
 toward the Arch (Cleft Ridge Span) you pass a row 
 cf three hickories, the far one being small mockernut ; 
 
then several European flowering ashes, all easily 
 known by their short, squat trunks, gray brittle-looking 
 branches and compound leaves. Here, too, just beyond 
 the flowering ashes, are more Koelreuterias, weeping 
 English yew and well-grown Sophora Japonic a (one 
 just at the bend of the border, another close to the 
 Arch, on the right hand side). The Sophora Japonica 
 is an exceedingly interesting tree, and you meet it all 
 over the Park. It is well, therefore, to learn it early. 
 It belongs to the great pulse family, Lcgiuninoscc, as 
 its flowers and fruit show ; has greenish bark and 
 compound leaves which by the beginner are often mis- 
 taken for those of the locust. In August this tree puts 
 forth its bloom great bunches of yellowish white 
 flowers, which later develop into glossy green string- 
 like pods that show very conspicuously. As you pass the 
 last Sophora, the Walk bends in sudden graceful curve 
 to the right toward the Cleft Ridge Span and just 
 around its corner you meet a very handsome Retino- 
 spora sqnarrosa. Its soft, silvery green foliage is 
 very beautiful, and it is rising in an exquisitely sym- 
 metrical cone. At one time I thought this shrub was 
 surely going to die, but it has recovered its vitality, 
 and since I have known it has almost doubled its 
 height. Beyond it and up the bank is another Camper- 
 down elm, and close beside the top of the Arch another 
 Sophora. 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 4 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Tulip tree. 
 
 2. Nordmann's silver fir. 
 
 3. European linden. 
 
 4. European silver linden. 
 
 5. Sycamore maple. 
 
 6. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 7. Bhotan pine. 
 
 8. Colorado blue spruce. 
 
 9. Austrian pine. 
 
 10. English elm. 
 
 11. American chestnut. 
 
 12. Large flowered syringa. 
 
 13. Thunberg's barberry. 
 
 14. Van Houtte's spiraea. 
 
 15. Japan plum. 
 
 16. Red maple. 
 
 17. Pearl bush. 
 
 18. Variegated Weigela. 
 
 19. Mock orange or sweet 
 
 syringa. 
 
 20. American hornbeam. 
 
 21. Lilac. 
 
 22. Cherry birch. 
 
 23. Red oak. 
 
 24. Choke cherry. 
 
 25. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 26. Paper or canoe birch. 
 
 27. Swiss stone pine. 
 
 28. Common locust. 
 
 29. Red-flowering dogwood. 
 
 30. Camperdown elm. 
 
 31. Silve'r maple. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Abies Nordmanniana. 
 Tilia Europ&a. 
 Tilia Europaa, var. ar- 
 
 gentea. 
 
 Acer pscudoplatanus. 
 Negundo accroides. 
 
 Pinus excelsa. 
 
 Picea pungens. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 
 Costarica saliva, var. Amer- 
 icana. 
 
 Philadelphus grandifiorus. 
 
 Bcrberis Thunbergii. 
 
 Spiraa Van Houttei. 
 
 Prunus triflora. 
 
 Acer rubrum. 
 
 Exochorda grandiflora. 
 
 Diervilla rosea, var. foliis 
 varicgatis. 
 
 Philadelphus coronarius. 
 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 
 Syringa vulgaris. 
 
 Betula lenta. 
 
 Quercus rubra. 
 
 Prunus Virginiana. 
 
 Cornus florida. 
 
 Betula papyrifera. 
 
 Pinus Cembra. 
 
 Robinia pseudacacia. 
 
 Cornus Horida, var. rubra. 
 
 Ulmus Montana, var. Cam- 
 
 perdoivnii pendula. 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 32. White oak. 
 
 33. Mockernut or white- 
 
 heart hickory. 
 
 34. English hawthorn. 
 
 (Pink double flowers.) 
 
 35. American white ash. 
 
 36. Scarlet oak. 
 
 37. Japan snowball. 
 
 38. Witch hazel. 
 
 39. Fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 40. Californian privet. 
 
 41. Golden bell or Forsythia. 
 
 42. Purple barberry. 
 
 43. Common barberry. 
 
 44. Black oak. 
 
 45. Pignut hickory. 
 
 46. Broad-leaved European 
 
 linden. 
 
 47. Norway maple. 
 
 48. English cork bark elm. 
 
 49. American or white elm. 
 
 50. Siberian pea tree. 
 
 51. Yellow-wood. 
 
 52. Norway spruce. 
 
 53. Hemlock. 
 
 54. English field maple. 
 
 55. American white or gray 
 
 birch. 
 
 56. Hop tree or shrubby 
 
 trefoil. 
 
 57. Koelreuteria. 
 
 58. European beech. 
 
 59. Black cherry. 
 
 60. Black walnut. 
 
 61. Shellbark or shagbark 
 
 hickory. 
 
 62. American bassword. 
 
 63. Sassafras. 
 
 64. European or tree alder. 
 
 Quercus alba. 
 Carya tomcntosa. 
 
 Cratagus oxyacantha. 
 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 Quercus coccinea. 
 Viburnum plicatum. 
 Hamamclis Virginia-no. 
 Loniccra Fragrantissima. 
 Ligustrum ovalifolium. 
 ForsytJiia riridissima. 
 Berbcris vulgaris, var. pur 
 
 purea. 
 
 Berberis vulgaris. 
 Quercus coccinea, var. tinc- 
 
 toria. 
 
 Carya porcina. 
 Tilia Europcea, var. plati- 
 
 phylla. 
 
 Acer platanoides. 
 Ulmus campcstris, var. sub 
 
 erosa. 
 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 Caragana arborescens. 
 Cladrastis tinctoria. 
 Picea excelsa. 
 Tsuga Canadcnsis. 
 Acer campestrc. 
 Betula populifolia. 
 
 Ptelea trifoliata. 
 
 Koelreuteria paniculata. 
 Fagus sylvatica. 
 Prunus scrotina. 
 Juglans nigra. 
 Carya alba. 
 
 Tilia A mericana. 
 Sassafras officinale. 
 Alnus glutinosa, 
 
IV. 
 WILLINK ENTRANCE TO IRVING STATUE. 
 
 In this article we :tart at Willink Entrance, left hand 
 path, and, passing the things about this entrance de- 
 scribed in chapter two, proceed to a point where the 
 path forks into two branches, the right running over to 
 the Boat House, the left keeping straight on and paral- 
 lel with Ocean Avenue. We take the left and go south. 
 
 Just beyond the fork, at your left, are dense masses 
 of the beautiful Spircca Van Houttei, which in June 
 and early July are covered with clusters of white flow- 
 ers in heads that hang in almost bursting profusion 
 along their drooping, slender branches. When they are 
 in full bloom they seem like fountains of foam stilled 
 to sudden silence, pictures of frozen froth. The Spi- 
 rcca Van Houttei is very much like its sister, the Spi- 
 rcca Reevesiana, but its leaf is shorter (rhombic-ovate) 
 and rounded at the base ; whereas, the leaf of the 
 Reevesiana is more lance-like (lanceolate). In habit 
 of growth the Van Houttei is arching and drooping, 
 whereas the Recrcsiana is more bush-like in character. 
 As these are the more widely used spiraeas in the 
 Park, it is well to note their differences. 
 
 This is a beautiful section of the Park where we 
 are now. Here the tulip trees lift up the magnificent 
 
58 
 
 towers of their strength; here the chestnuts unfold 
 the glory of their leaves ; here the dogwoods star the 
 path with bloom, here the birches hang the golden lace 
 of their flowering catkins, decking them as with fairy 
 vails. Here the violets spread their tender blue, lovely 
 to look upon, flushing the plushy grass. Here the 
 peabody bird sends out his clear sweet call in the leaf- 
 less days of early spring, and here the squirrel threads 
 his trembling highways, while the breezes come and 
 go through the whispering trees, speaking of woodlands 
 and the solace of green things, gently waving to every 
 breath of air. 
 
 Beyond the Fan Houttei on the left of the Walk, 
 and close to it, there are two majestic tulip trees, which 
 look as if they might be twin columns of what was 
 once some noble forest Parthenon, and just beyond 
 them you will find (on the right) more bushes of 
 the Spircea Van Houttei. Back of these are a row 
 of cherry birches. On the left, as you pass along, 
 about diagonally opposite the Van Houttei is a good 
 clump of the pretty Thunberg's barberry and 
 a choke cherry just beyond it. At this point 
 you ought to be about opposite a lamp-post 
 on the Drive; and about midway between you 
 and the post is a fine red oak (Quercus rubra). A 
 little further on, are American chestnut and then sev- 
 eral dogwoods close together. Here it will be worth 
 your while to cut across to the Drive for a moment 
 and have a look at the things on edge of its bank, as it 
 bends to go south. Here is a beautiful white canoe 
 birch and almost on the point of the turn a good 
 
59 
 
 Nordmann silver fir. Just south of the Nordmann 
 you will find a clump of three Austrian pines bunched 
 close together very near a lamp-post. The little coni- 
 fer just south-east of the lamp-post is not Austrian 
 pine, but Swiss stone pine (Pinus Cembra). 
 
 Let us now come back to the path again and continue 
 on south. At about the crest of the rise, on your 
 right, you will find black oaks, two fairly near to- 
 gether, tall, strong, majestic. You can know them 
 by their hard, dark, grayish bark, and strong, 
 close ridges. Beyond, you pass common locust 
 Robinia pseudacacia, just over the brow of the rise, 
 as the path begins to descend. A little further on, if 
 you are walking in dogwood days, you will have a treat 
 indeed in the little clump of red-flowering dogwood 
 (Cormis Honda, var. rubra). There are several of 
 them here, on the left of the Walk, and they are very 
 dainty and delicate, with beautiful rose-red flower 
 bracts rolled back in all their tender loveliness. Just 
 beyond these dogwoods you meet the peculiar Cam- 
 perdown elm with its umbrella shape, several of which 
 you have already seen over by Cleft Ridge Span. You 
 can't mistake this tree and it will serve as a land- 
 mark to find the things about it. Almost opposite 
 to it, in about the middle of the grassy slope, between 
 you and the Drive, is a fine mockernut hickory (Carya 
 touicntosa) and a little below the hickory on the 
 slope still, is a goodly Austrian pine, which will serve 
 as another landmark. Just across from the Austrian 
 pine, just west of it on the very edge of the Drive is 
 an excellent young Nordmann's silver fir. Coming 
 
6o 
 
 back to the Walk again below the Camperdown elm 
 and directly opposite the Austrian pine just spoken of 
 are two lovely little pink double flowered English 
 hawthorns (Cratccgus oxycantha, var. flore pleno). 
 They are beautiful things to see in May. Don't 
 miss them. Below these, you meet close to the Walk, 
 on the left, another mockernut hickory with tall straight 
 trunk so characteristic of the hickory, and very close 
 to it, hiding just behind it to the south-east you will 
 find the beautiful E.rochorda grandiflora or pearl bush, 
 cultivated from China for its large white flowers, which 
 have spoon shaped petals, and come out in long axil- 
 lary racemes in May or June. It is a very beautiful 
 shrub and gets its name from the Latin c.vo, external 
 and chord e, a thong, referring to the structue of the 
 fruit. Opposite the E.rochorda on the right of the Walk 
 and close by its border is Thunberg's barberry (Ber- 
 beris Thunbcrgii). This barberry is very widely used 
 in the Park and it is well to get to know it early. It 
 is a dainty shrub, with fine delicate brittle leaves and 
 grows low. But for all its daintiness it has plenty 
 of spikes and very sharp they are as you will find 
 if you get too familiar with it. It nestles here in 
 two large clumps on either side of a majestic tulip 
 tree, and these clumps are joyous sights in late au- 
 tumn especially if you come upon them on a bright 
 frosty sunshiny day all sparkling with the jewels 
 of their rich red berries. Into these bushes the au- 
 tumn winds tearing over the slope drive the flying 
 leaves in shoals and the little Thunbergs seem to give 
 them restful shelter from their roaming and for reward 
 
6i 
 
 for coming to them hang rubies all about them. But 
 we must say a word about the mighty tulip that rises 
 so majestically here. It is one of the handsomest 
 tulip trees in the Park and magnificently set, especially 
 if you see it from a point a little further along on 
 the Walk. It rises on its straight columnar trunk 
 and flings out its branches like a giant stretching his 
 mighty arms. Come here and see it when it sets the 
 blazonry of its seed "cones" against the clear blue 
 of the winter's sky. Pure white they gleam in the 
 sunshine, a joy to your eye, thrilling you through and 
 through with their beauty. 
 
 Over by the Drive almost directly west of this noble 
 tulip tree, you will find a very handsome black oak 
 and just south of it, along the Drive, a good specimen 
 of scarlet oak. 
 
 Coming back to the Walk again, you pass, below 
 the stretch of Thunberg's barberry, great masses 
 of the Spircca Van Houttei which in June are foaming 
 fountains of white bloom and further along, still on 
 your right, are clusters of the variegated Weigela 
 which, in June also, are laden with beautiful 
 funnel form flowers so fragrant that their perfume 
 is almost overpowering. How the bees love them. 
 They crawl into their fairy crypts and go to sleep, 
 rocked in their pearly walls as in a cradle, swaying with 
 the gentle zephyrs of June. On the left of the Walk, 
 just below the Weigela are fragrant honeysuckle 
 (Loniccra fragrantissiiua) bushes covered in very early 
 spring with sweet smelting frost-white flowers softly 
 tinged with yellow. Below the honeysuckle bushes 
 
62 
 
 are clumps of Californian privet and set in between the 
 privet and the honeysuckle is a lovely ash-leaved maple 
 which leans out over the Walk, and, in early spring, 
 (April), drapes its boughs with the fairy reddish lace 
 of its flower clusters. In its blooming the ash-leaved 
 iraple is the very essence of grace and loveliness. Very 
 close to the fragrantissima and about opposite the sec- 
 ond clump of Wcigela, you will find witch hazel. Try 
 to see it in the autumn when it sets all its tiny yel- 
 low ribbons of bloom fluttering in the air. You can 
 know it by its oval lop-sided leaves. All these are 
 on the left of the Walk. On the right, about opposite 
 this point, are masses of common and purple barberry 
 and Forsythia inridissima, at the bend of the cross 
 walk which leads over to the Flower Garden. Just 
 back of these there are magnificent clumps of Japan 
 snowball (Viburnum plicatum) which in late May 
 or June are hung heavily with great balls of white 
 bloom. 
 
 Now you have come to a second cross path, one 
 end of which (the left) runs out to a little swing 
 gate opposite Lincoln Road, the other leads across 
 the Drive to the Flower Garden. Close by the little 
 swing gate are two stalwart black walnuts. Keeping 
 on straight ahead almost opposite the carriage way 
 to the rear of the Restaurant, almost in the middle 
 of the grassy bank on your right, rises a European 
 linden (Tilia Europea) of the true type, with fine 
 leaves delicately cut and long sweeping drooping lower 
 branches. This tree has the true dusky smoky black 
 of the European linden. A little further, directly oppo- 
 
63 
 
 site the Restaurant's driveway is a fine Norway maple 
 and there are more of them right around it here. Close 
 beside the driveway, further on, not far from a lamp- 
 post, you will find, English cork-bark elm (Ulnins 
 suberosa) which you can know at once by its heavy 
 cork-ridged limbs and rugged trunk. The tree has a 
 rough, tough expression which you can easily get to 
 know on sight. Lamp-posts are good landmarks and 
 very near to the one here, just east of it, close by the 
 Walk, is a fine sycamore maple (Acer pseudo- 
 platanus). It gets its name from a resem- 
 blance of its leaves to those of the common 
 buttonball (Platanns), "false-platanus." Compare 
 the leaves .of the two trees. On the oppo- 
 site side of the Walk, a little below the syca- 
 more maple you will find the pretty Siberian pea tree 
 (Caragana arboresccns) with its leaflets in pairs and 
 }ellow flowers when in bloom and, below the Siberian 
 pea, stands a yellowwood. Opposite the Siberian pea 
 tree, on the right of the Walk is a black cherry 
 (Primus serotirm) which you can pick out at onc 
 by its rough, scaly bark. Its bark makes you think 
 something of the Kentucky coffee tree, but the coffee 
 tree excels it in roughness. On the border of the 
 Drive a little south and west of the black cherry is 
 a small hemlock, with its fine and feathery foliage 
 waving a pleasing contrast. There is always a forest 
 glint about the foliage of the hemlock. Opposite the 
 hemlock is Norway maple, and another just south, 
 near the border of the Drive. Then come a few Eng- 
 lish field maples (Acer campestre) with short sturdy 
 
64 
 
 trunks and branches thrown squarely out from the 
 shoulder. The bark of these is rough and tough like 
 the bark of the English elm. The tree has much the 
 look of a Norway maple and especially so at the time 
 of bloom, for its flowers are corymbiform like those 
 of the Norway and have very much the same appear- 
 ance. But they are of a duller green. The leaf of 
 the English maple has a squarish, bluntish cut, is 
 rather small and usually five lobed. In general, it 
 looks like a smaller edition of the leaf of the Norway 
 maple, with lobes trimmed short and rounded. It is 
 a sturdy stocky tree and one you grow to love dearly. 
 You are now very near the Irving Statue and the 
 Drive crossing. Just before you come to the cross- 
 ing, a few feet in front of the lamp-post which stands 
 on the extreme turn O'f the Walk, on the edge of the 
 border, you come to a tree which it is well to get to 
 know early in your rambles for you meet it all over 
 the Park. It is not a large tree, and grows generally 
 with a rather round-headed form, "all head and shoul- 
 ders." It is the Kcelreuteria paniculata from China 
 and takes its name from Koelreuter, a German bota- 
 nist. You may easily know it by its pinnate leaves 
 made up of about a dozen coarsely toothed leaflets. 
 In early July this tree bears great clusters of hand- 
 some yellow flowers which at once mark it from afar. 
 These flowers ripen quickly into strange looking blad- 
 dery pods which are very conspicuous and very queer 
 looking objects to the eye that knows them not. They 
 are especially noticeable in autumn. This particular 
 Kcclreutcria before us now stands, as has been said, 
 
65 
 
 almost at the end of the right hand bank of the Walk, 
 just where the Walk meets the Drive to cross over to 
 the terrace wall of the Flower Garden. 
 
 To go back a moment, notice about opposite the hem- 
 lock and the Norway maple which you passed just 
 above, the fine yellow-wood with its smooth branches 
 and long compound leaves. You can pick out a yel- 
 low-wood almost by the look of its bark, a smooth 
 slate gray, not quite so light and plump as the beech 
 nor so silvery as the silver linden but nevertheless 
 very smooth and satin-like to the eye, especially in 
 winter. Its leaves are compound, alternate and odd- 
 pinnate with the bases of the petioles hollow. The 
 leaves are made up of from seven to eleven oval or 
 ovate leaflets about three to four inches long and 
 are of a beautiful light green color. The flowers of 
 the yellow-wood are very dainty and pretty and hang 
 in long drooping panicles of pure white in late June 
 or early July with something of the fragrance of the 
 common locust's flowers. The flowers develop into 
 pods about two inches long and are ripe in August. 
 
 About opposite the Koclreutcria, on your left, as you 
 walk on south, you pass an interesting bush with its 
 k-aves in threes. It is the Ptclca trifoliate, the hop 
 tree or shrubby trefoil. It gets its name Ptclea from 
 its fruit, which is elm-like, ptclca being Greek for 
 elm. Its fruit is wafer like, and does indeed look 
 very much like the samara of the elm, but on an en- 
 larged scale. This shrub blooms in June with green- 
 ish white flowers in terminal heads or cymes and 
 these in turn develop into conspicuous clusters of 
 
66 
 
 wafer-like fruit with broad winged margins notched 
 a little at the ends. There are many of these shrubs 
 in the Park and quite a number of them are of the 
 golden leaved variety, with bright yellow leaves in 
 early spring and summer. Beyond the Ptelea, on the 
 same side of the Walk, you will find another Koclren- 
 teria and beyond the Koclr criteria, European beech. 
 This brings us to the Irving Statue, directly opposite 
 the Flower Garden. 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 5 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Single-leaved European 
 
 ash. 
 
 2. European beech. 
 
 3. Swiss stone pine. 
 
 4. Reeve's spiraea. (Dou- 
 
 ble flowered). 
 .5. Black or pear hawthorn. 
 
 6. Reeve's spiraea. (Single 
 
 flowered). 
 
 7. Van Houtte's spiraea. 
 
 8. European flowering ash. 
 
 9. Shadbush, June berry, or 
 
 service berry. 
 
 10. Fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 11. Weigela. 
 
 12. Ninebark. 
 
 13. Striped maple or moose- 
 
 wood. 
 
 14. Fringe tree. 
 
 15. Hemlock. 
 
 16. Yellow-wood. 
 
 17. Weigela. 
 
 18. Paper or canoe birch. 
 
 19. Norway spruce. 
 
 20. American white ash. 
 
 21. Hop tree or shrubby 
 
 trefoil. 
 
 22. Judas tree or redbud. 
 
 23. Red cedar. 
 
 24. Pyramidal variety of 
 
 American arbor vitae. 
 
 25. Oriental spruce. 
 
 26. Black haw. 
 
 27. Silver maple. 
 
 28. Red maple. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. 
 
 monophylla. 
 Fagus sylvatica. 
 Pinus Cembra. 
 Spircca Rcevcsiana, var. ftorc 
 
 plena. 
 
 Cratccgus tomcntosa. 
 Spircea Rcevcsiana. 
 
 Van Houttci. 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 Amelanchicr Canadcnsis. 
 
 Lome era fragrantissima. 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 Physocarpus (or Spircca) op 
 
 uli folia. 
 Acer Pennsylvanicum. 
 
 Chionanthus Virginica. 
 Tsuga Canadcnsis. 
 Cladrastis tinctoria. 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 Betula papyrifcra. 
 Picea excclsa. 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 Ptelea trifoliata. 
 
 Cercis Canadensis. 
 Juniper us Virginiana. 
 Thuya occidcntalis, var. pyra- 
 
 midalis. 
 
 Picea Oricntalis. 
 Viburnum prunifoliuin 
 Acer dasycarpnni. 
 Acer rubnun. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 29. Norway maple. 
 
 30. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 31. European linden. 
 
 32. Broad-leaved European 
 
 linden. 
 
 33. European silver linden. 
 
 34. Weeping European sil- 
 
 ver linden. 
 
 35. Bridal wreath spiraea. 
 
 36. European silver linden. 
 
 37. Cucumber tree. 
 
 38. Umbrella tree. 
 
 39. Sycamore maple. 
 
 40. Arrowwood. 
 
 41. Tulip tree. 
 
 42. Austrian pine. 
 
 43. Fly honeysuckle. 
 
 44. Bristly locust. 
 
 45. Silver bell or snowdrop 
 
 tree. 
 
 46. False indigo. 
 
 47. Washington thorn. 
 
 48. Chinese quince. 
 
 49. English elm. 
 
 50. Kentucky coffee tree. 
 
 51. Black cherry. 
 
 52. Choke cherry. 
 
 53. English hawthorn. 
 
 54. Weigela. 
 
 55. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 56. Sycamore maple. 
 
 57. Sassafras. 
 
 58. White pine. 
 
 59. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 60. Persimmon. 
 
 61. American hornbeam. 
 
 62. Cherry birch. 
 
 63. Broad-leaved European 
 
 linden. 
 
 Acer platanoides. 
 
 Cornus Horida. 
 
 Tilia Europoza. 
 
 Tilia Europata, var. plati- 
 
 phylla. 
 Tilia Europcea, var. argen- 
 
 tea (or alba). 
 Tilia Europaa, var. argcntca 
 
 (or alba} pendula. 
 Spircca prunifolia. 
 Tilia Europcca, var. argcntca 
 
 (or alba}. 
 
 Magnolia acuminata. 
 Magnolia umbrella. 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 Viburnum dent a turn. 
 Liriode n dro n tu lip if era. 
 Pinus Austria ca. 
 Lonicera xylosteum. 
 Robinia hispida. 
 Halesia tetraptera. 
 
 Amorpha fructicosa. 
 Cratagus cordata. 
 Cydonia Sinensis. 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 Gymnocladus Canadcnsis. 
 Primus scrotina. 
 Prunus Virginiana. 
 Cratagus oxyacantha. 
 Dicrvilla amabilis. 
 Negundo aceroides. 
 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 Sassafras oflicinale. 
 Pinus strobus. 
 Cornus florida. 
 Diospyros Virginiana. 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 Be tula lenta. 
 Tilia Europcea, var. plati- 
 phylla. 
 
COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 64. E road-leaved European Tilia Euroficca, var. plati- 
 
 linden. phylla. 
 
 65. Kcelretiteria. Kaclrcutcria paniculata. 
 
 66. English field maple. Acer campcstrc. 
 
 67. Lilac. (White flowers.) Syringa vulgaris, var. alba. 
 
V. 
 IRVING STATUE TO OCEAN AVENUE ENTRANCE. 
 
 In this ramble we start at the Irving Statue, op- 
 posite the Flower Garden, and walk south to Ocean 
 Avenue Gate. Along this Walk there are many in- 
 teresting things to see. 
 
 Just below the Statue, at the left of the Walk, as 
 you face south you find the queer single-leaved ash 
 (Fraxinus excelsior, var, monophylld). It is queer, 
 because, as a rule, ash trees have compound leaves. 
 You can know it at once by its thick, rough, heavy 
 looking bark. A glance at this alone gives you the hint 
 of its kinship with Fraxinus. Try to see it in the 
 early spring, when it sends out little spurts of fine 
 purplish bloom, peculiar sights on its bare branches, 
 looking very much like small tufted plumes. Below 
 the single-leaved ash is a handsome European beech, 
 easily known by its smooth gray bark, and wavy, hairy 
 margins of its leaves which are not toothed. Below the 
 beech is a good sized young Swiss stone pine (Finns 
 Cembra). This tree is doing well here and in winter is 
 very handsome with its rich dark green, lightened a lit- 
 tle by the glaucous bloom on its leaves. If you ex- 
 amine the leaves of this tree you find that they are 
 clustered five in a fascicle and are distinctly three 
 
73 
 
 sided in shape. Cut a leaf across and you have a 
 perfect triangle. 
 
 On the right of the Walk, close beside the Drive 
 and just back of the lamp-post there, you will find 
 a well grown hawthorn, very handsome in May, with 
 abundant white flowers, in showy heads. It is the 
 black or pear hawthorn, (Cratcugus touientosa). Near 
 it, but overarching the Walk is the interesting shad- 
 bush (Amclanchier Canadensis) or June berry. It 
 blooms in late April and tips up its little white, cherry- 
 like blossoms in racemes at the ends of its branches, 
 before the leaves are fully out. They are very dainty 
 and fairy-like and sights you love to see when so many 
 limbs are bare and wintry looking. The Amclanchier, 
 speaking of winter, has a mark by which you can know 
 it afar off. Once get in your eye its silvery gray bark 
 marked with fine streaking lines and you will never 
 forget the shadbush. To the right of the shadbush, 
 near the Drive are European flowering ashes (Fra.vi- 
 nus ornus) easily picked out by their short squat 
 trunks, brittle, grayish branches and compound 
 leaves. The leaflets have their edges crinkled 
 and curled. Passing on, we come to masses of 
 Wcigcla, covered in June with sweet smell- 
 ing rose-pink flowers. Back of the masses of 
 Wcigcla, half hidden by them, a young striped maple 
 (Acer Pennsyk'anicnni) lifts up its slender stretch of 
 bark which it is worth while to stop and look at. Do 
 you see those pretty fine lines striping it so gracefully. 
 From these it gets its common name. Its leaves are 
 broad, three lobed, with beautiful, long pointed tips. 
 
74 
 
 But the best sight the striped maple has to show is 
 its bloom. Try to catch it in late April or early 
 May, when it is letting down its lovely fairy-like ra- 
 cemes of tenderest green. It is then the very essence 
 of grace and delicacy. The leaf of the striped maple 
 has a decided goose-foot look. Beyond the striped 
 maple are European beech (note its tender leaves with 
 edges entire, frilled with delicate hairs) and European 
 flowering ash again. 
 
 A few feet further along, on the right of the Walk 
 we meet a yellow-wood, and back of the yellow-wood, 
 about half way toward the Drive is a white paper 
 or canoe birch (Betula papyrifera). As there are sev- 
 eral varieties of white birch near here, it is a good 
 place to note their distinguishing features. The 
 canoe or paper birch has long, ovate, taper-pointed, 
 heart-shaped leaves ; the American white or gray birch 
 has triangular shaped leaves, very conspicuously taper 
 pointed and very truncate at their broad bases. This 
 is the Betula populifolia or poplar leaved birch. If 
 you know the leaf of the Lombardy poplar you will see 
 the significance of this name. Another white birch, 
 very frequent in the Park is the European white birch, 
 Betula alba, with rather deltoid leaves and, in the cut- 
 leaved variety, laciniata, very beautifully in-cut. These 
 are the usual varieties of the white birch in the Park 
 and you can tell them at once by their leaves. The 
 canoe birch, at its best, has a brilliant chalky white 
 bark, a very beautiful specimen of which you will 
 find near the Plaza Entrance, described in the first 
 chapter of this book. 
 
75 
 
 But, to go on, we find some more yellow-woods 
 and then three very beautiful European beeches. Com- 
 pare their soft, toothless leaves with those of our own 
 beech. Our own is strongly toothed, and looks like 
 a broadened form of the chestnut leaf. Then we 
 come to Norway spruce, sparse and thin, not doing 
 very well for some reason and then to a lusty paper 
 birch, side by side with European beech. Next to 
 these we have a good tall American white ash and 
 beyond the ash, hop tree (Ptelea trifoliata). Then 
 come Kcclrcuteria, American ash again, (close beside 
 the Walk) with its strongly individualized bark, and 
 then sturdy English maple (Acer campestre}. If you 
 should happen to see an English maple bloom don't 
 mistake it for a Norway maple, as I have frequently 
 known people to do. It has its flowers in a corymb 
 like that of the Norway maple but its green is darker. 
 Look at the leaves. They will set you right. A lit- 
 tle open stretch follows and we come to American ash 
 again. Just beyond, indeed almost beside it, we meet 
 an evergreen which at once arrests attention by its 
 beautiful dark green short blunt leaves. If you look 
 at its bark you will see that it is dashed and splashed 
 with grayish-white. This grayish-white is resin and 
 the tree is a fine specimen of Oriental spruce (Picea 
 Orientalis). It is distinctly conical in form and you 
 can tell it by this shape, and by its blunt, short, dark 
 green needles scarcely half an inch long. 
 
 Up to this point, easily marked by the conical form 
 of the Oriental spruce, you have passed on your left, 
 beginning at the Irving Statue, single leaved ash, Eu- 
 
7 6 
 
 ropean beech, Swiss stone pine, double flowered 
 spircca (very handsome in July), fragrant honeysuckle 
 (Lonicera fragrdntissima) and fringe tree (Chionan- 
 thus Virginica), opposite the yellow-wood. We must 
 stop here to say a word about the fringe tree. If ever 
 a thing botanical was well named, this is. Come and 
 see it in flower in June when it is draped through and 
 through with beautiful fringe-like bloom, so purely 
 white, that it has won its other name Chionanthus from 
 the Greek words for snow and blossom. The white 
 petals are an inch long and very slender. The fruit 
 of the tree is a blue purple berry which the birds 
 love dearly. Beyond the fringe tree and considerably 
 to its left, standing quite alone in a lovely open space, 
 where in June it is knee deep in waving grasses, stands 
 a graceful young hemlock. It stands so conspicuously 
 alone, you cannot mistake it. The hemlock is to me 
 a tree full of grace and loveliness. Every breeze that 
 blows moves its fine fingering branches which flutter 
 tenderly and seem to reach for the passing breeze and 
 play with it as with living fingers. If you go near 
 to it, when the breeze is whispering to it, how delicate 
 is the music of its leaves. 
 
 Passing on, along the Walk we meet another fine 
 yellow-wood, with antler-like growth of branches, 
 smooth and clean cut of limb, a delight to the eye. 
 Beyond the yellow-wood a burst of Weigela will wel- 
 come you with lovely pink and white corollas if you 
 ramble here in June and, considerably along the path, 
 about opposite a European beech, is the stump of a 
 Judas tree. It was once a beauty but disasters of 
 
77 
 
 winter, ice and sleet and whistling winds have not 
 left much of it. As you go on south, you come to three 
 tall spire-like trees, with their tops a little bent from 
 the perpendicular. The first is a red cedar, the other 
 two, southward, are American arbor vitse of the vari- 
 ety "pyramidalis" (Thuya occidentals, "car. pyram- 
 idalis). Their tops were bent by ice storms. I passed 
 them one winter not long ago after an ice storm had 
 swept the Park with its lovely beauty but awful havoc 
 and these three trees were bowed, as if in prayer, 
 their heads bent almost to the ground, glittering with 
 ice- jewels, but almost ready to crack apart. When the 
 sun came with its silent golden hammers and broke 
 the fettering ice, they lifted, but they never regained 
 the straight minaret-like spires of their former days. 
 Just beyond these three trees you come to two more 
 Oriental spruces, known at once, as has been said, 
 by their dark green masses of foliage, short, 
 blunt needles, conical forms and resin painted trunks. 
 They stand just a few feet south of their handsome 
 kinsman on the other side of the Walk. 
 
 Let us come back now to this very tree where we 
 left off and follow the path southwards, noting 
 the things on the right hand side until we come to 
 a point that cannot be mistaken. Then we will come 
 back again and note the things on the left of the Walk. 
 
 We start with the Oriental spruce on the right of 
 the Walk. Nestling close behind the conifer, like a 
 shy young girl behind her grandfather, peeps out a 
 dainty little black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) with 
 oval, smooth, finely-cut leaves. In May it is covered 
 
with flowers in flat-topped clusters and in Septem- 
 ber it is hung full of blue black sweet berries. In 
 form it looks like a hawthorn but you will not find 
 any thorns on it. Not far from the black haw a good 
 sized silver maple flings over the Walk the dancing 
 shade of its finely cut leaves. The silver maple has 
 become so common as a street tree in cities that 
 many pass it by with but little notice. Yet what a 
 beautifully cut leaf it has. Close to the silver 
 maple stands a red maple. You will know 
 it by its three pointed or lobed leaf. There are 
 several of these red maples very close together here 
 and very beautiful they are in early spring, when their 
 boughs are covered with dainty crimson flowers. Then 
 you can see and know them afar off. A little further 
 along stands a fine Norway maple, equally handsome 
 in spring when it sets its brilliant green corymb-like 
 flowers in an almost uncontrollable burst of bloom 
 all over its branches. Then come dogwood, so lovely 
 in May, and European linden of the broad-leaved vari- 
 ety, (Tilia Europcea, var: platyphylla) , then a well 
 grown fringe tree and then a plump silver linden ( Tilia 
 Eur opera, var. argentea or alba) with well defined su- 
 gar-loaf form, light ashen gray or mouse gray, smooth 
 bark, and large cordate or sub-orbicular leaves, smooth 
 dark green on top, but very white and silvery on the 
 undersides. You cannot mistake this tree. Its limbs 
 spring out from the trunk low down. It is a very hand- 
 some tree and when the wind plays with its large 
 silvery leaves, the whole tree fairly burns with life 
 and light. Beyond you will find the pendulous variety 
 
79 
 
 of this species of European silver linden, with leaves 
 noticeably shorn off sharply on one side. The next 
 larger tree on this side of the Walk is European silver 
 linden again, and in between the two silver lindens, 
 is a lovely specimen of the bridal wreath spiraea (Spi- 
 rcca prunifolia). This spiraea bears white wreath-like 
 flowers, hanging four or five together in little 
 bunches or umbels all along the gracefully bending 
 stems. It blooms in late April or early May. Be- 
 ,yond the silver linden is cucumber tree (Magnolia 
 acinninata) , easily known by its pale green, thin leaves, 
 pointed at both ends, and from five to ten inches long. 
 Its fruit grows to resemble a small sized cucumber, 
 whence its name. This fruit is very conspicuous in 
 early autumn, showing crimson through its leaves at 
 quite a distance. Not far from the cucumber tree, 
 closer down to the Drive is an umbrella tree and as 
 these trees are often mistaken for each other, it is 
 a good place to note how different they are, as they 
 stand here almost side by side. The umbrella tree 
 is Magnolia umbrella and has very large paddle-shaped 
 leaves from one to two feet long. They grow clus- 
 tered together at the ends of the branches and hang 
 down in a very umbrella-like way. The tree's habit of 
 growing its leaves in this manner has given it its com- 
 mon name. Its bark has the magnolia look, but the 
 bark of the cucumber tree is almost elm-like in char- 
 acter. Looking at its bark alone you would never 
 think it to be a magnolia. The cucumber tree has 
 pale yellowish-green flowers and the umbrella tree 
 white flowers. "Roth bloom some time in May. Beyond 
 
8o 
 
 the cucumber tree is a fine sycamore maple, then dog- 
 wood, and then an excellent tulip tree which in June 
 loads itself with handsome chalice-like flowers, green- 
 ish yellow. Nestling close beside the tulip is a beautiful 
 clump of arrowwood (Viburnum dentatum) with 
 leaves exquisitely cut (dentatum) all round their mar- 
 gins. You will know it by its saw-cut leaves. This 
 tulip tree stands about directly opposite the open space 
 of the Drive which leads into the "Carriage Con- 
 course." 
 
 Up to this point, you have passed on the left begin- 
 ning at the spot where the Oriental spruces stand close 
 together, about opposite the -handsome one on the right 
 of the Walk mentioned above ; red maple, silver ma- 
 ple (opposite Norway maple), European linden (Tilia 
 Europaa), opposite dogwood, European linden again 
 (opposite two fine trees of the same kind). Notice 
 the dusky, smoky look of its bark and the almost 
 sooty black of its branches. Then come three rather 
 scrawny specimens of hemlock, one after the other. 
 For some reason they do not seem to be doing very 
 well. They stand about opposite the bridal-wreath 
 spirsea. Norway spruce, thin and scant of leaf, stands 
 about opposite the sycamore maple, and Austrian pine 
 about opposite the handsome tulip spoken of above. 
 
 Now let us go along from the tulip tree again, 
 continuing south, noting the things on the right of 
 the Walk. Just beyond it is bridal-wreath spiraea 
 again, then fringe tree and then a soft leaved honey- 
 suckle with yellow-white flowers in late May or early 
 June. This is Lonicera .rylostciim and its flowers are 
 
8i 
 
 often slightly tinged with red. They are two lipped 
 and the upper lip (the broad one) is four-notched. Its 
 leaf is broadly oval, of a dull green, very pubescent 
 when young, but gets smooth later on. It is about from 
 one to three inches long. This bush bears dark red 
 berries. The flowers are white at first but soon 
 change to yellow. Just beyond this honeysuckle you 
 come to a cluster of three sycamore maples, fine trees 
 all of them, with large, splendidly developed leaves. 
 You remember this sycamore maple has leaves very 
 much like the American buttonwood. From this re- 
 semblance it gets its botanical name pscudo (false) 
 and platan us (plane tree or buttonwood). The flowers 
 of the sycamore maple are very curious looking things. 
 They come soon after the leaves appear, in long, pen- 
 dulous cone-shaped racemes of dull green. They are 
 quite conspicuous and you cannot fail to see them if 
 you are near the tree at its flowering time. These 
 racemes soon develop into close clusters of fruit called 
 "keys" or "samaras." The leaf of the sycamore 
 maple is thick and coarse of texture, cordate, with 
 five lobes crenately toothed and always on noticeably 
 reddish stems or petioles. The fruit hangs on the 
 tree long after the leaves fall in the autumn. After 
 the sycamore maples you meet a bush of rambling 
 sprawling branches and locust-like leaves. It is the 
 bristly locust (Robinia hispida) and beyond it is a 
 well grown clump of lilac which decks itself gorgeously 
 in May with white flowers. Next to the lilac is 
 Amorpha frncticosa, of the great Leguminosce or pulse 
 family and in late May or early June sends out deep 
 
82 
 
 violet, indigo flowers clustered in terminal spikes. Its 
 common name is false indigo. Beyond this bush is 
 a little halesia or snow-drop tree with which you no 
 doubt have already become well acquainted. Try to 
 see the halesia in early spring. At that time it seems 
 the very essence of spring itself, and its pearly white 
 flower bells with their hanging clapper-like pistils, 
 seem to ring out "purity, purity, purity," through 
 the leafing trees from all their silent little bell?. There 
 is a music that is soundless and that is the music of 
 a flower to the eye. Such music bells the halesia in 
 spring. But you can know it when it is not in bloom by 
 its bark, which is distinctly marked with longitud- 
 inal lines. Its leaves are very soft and velvety, oblong 
 egg-shape, from two to four inches in length, 
 and finely serrate. If it be in fruit, you can surely 
 know it by its seed which is distinctly four-winged ; 
 hence its name Halesia tetraptera, (tetra, Greek for 
 four and ptera, wing). As we go along, we meet, still 
 on the right, a young Washington thorn (Cratccgus 
 cor data) with small leaves very noticeably triangular 
 in form. It blooms in middle or late May with ter- 
 minal corymbs of white flowers which develop into 
 small scarlet berries in September. These hang upon 
 the tree late into the winter and they are cheery, 
 glowing sights when all the paths are stilled with the 
 driven snow. As you go on south two pretty young 
 black haws lean out over the Walk to you. The sec- 
 ond is very near a lamp-post that stands by the Drive. 
 This will show you where you are. Just beyond the 
 lamp-post is black cherry (Primus scrotina) with 
 
3 
 
 smooth green leaves and rugged bark. Then two more 
 black haws and then a pretty English hawthorn 
 (Cratccgus oxyacantha) with smooth, obovate leaves 
 deeply cut in at the lobes and distinctly wedge shaped 
 at the base. This also bears white flowers in May. 
 But, although there are many white flowered English 
 hawthorns in the Park, there are also many which 
 bear single and double pink, and crimson flowers. Be- 
 yond the English hawthorn is choke cherry (Primus 
 Virginiana), then black haw again and then a cluster 
 of beautiful pink and white flowered Weigela, (Dier- 
 rilla auiabilis) . Further on, that you may know the 
 spot, you pass several Oriental spruces, one after the 
 other. About here, the Walk bends around to meet the 
 Drive, and at its very corner is a fine sycamore maple. 
 Going back now to the tulip tree opposite the point 
 where the Drive opens into the Carriage Concourse, 
 and following south again, noting the things on the 
 left of the Walk, you pass Austrian pine (opposite 
 bridal wreath spiraea) ; Pyramidal arbor vitae (oppo- 
 site sycamore maple) ; Oriental spruce (opposite lilac 
 and amorpha) ; Chinese quince (Cydonia Sinensis) op- 
 posite the two black haws which stand just north of 
 the lamp-post by the Drive. This is a peculiar tree 
 and worth noticing. It looks in winter as if it might 
 be a hornbeam. It bears beautiful pink flowers in 
 spring and has thick finely serrate roundish leaves, 
 almost leathery in texture. Beyond the Chinese quince, 
 is English elm, then, close to the Walk a cucumber 
 tree. Back from the Walk is a good sized Kentucky 
 coffee tree, tall, rather Y-form in habit of branching, 
 
with rough, scaly bark and leaves twice pinnately com- 
 pound. Its flowers are greenish-white and show con- 
 spicuously in panicles at the ends of its branches, ap- 
 pearing usually in June. Then we come to cucum- 
 ber tree again and then to several umbrella trees clus- 
 tered close together. Beyond the umbrella trees, back 
 from the Walk, is tulip tree and beyond, close to the 
 Walk, ash-leaved maple. The next tree along the 
 path is silver maple, then sycamore maple, Norway 
 maple, ash-leaved maple, broad-leaved European lin- 
 den, cherry birch, Norway spruce, flowering dogwood 
 and ash-leaved maple at the end of the Walk on the 
 left just as you go out to Ocean Avenue. In the little 
 section made by the fork of the path with the Drive 
 you will find an interesting tree close by the fence, 
 about midway between the path and the Drive. It 
 is the persimmon tree (Diospyros Virginiana) and in 
 September when the frosty sparkling days come you 
 will see its yellow globose berries about an inch long, 
 showing plainly on its branches. The frost ripens the 
 berries. This brings you to Ocean Avenue, but be- 
 fore you go home take a look at the large leaved 
 maple trees that have been set along the sidewalk. 
 They are rich crimson in early spring when they leaf. 
 They are Schwedler's maples, varieties of the Norway 
 maple. 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 6 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Oriental plane tree. 
 
 2. Yellow birch. 
 
 3. Hackberry or sugar- 
 
 berry. 
 
 4. European hornbeam. 
 
 5. American basswood. 
 
 6. Tulip tree. 
 
 7. European or tree alder. 
 
 8. Umbrella tree. 
 
 9. American or white elm. 
 
 10. Soulange's magnolia. 
 
 11. Indian bean or southern 
 
 catalpa. 
 
 12. Norway spruce. 
 
 13. European larch. 
 
 14. Austrian pine. 
 
 15. Scotch pine. 
 
 16. European flowering ash. 
 
 17. Kcelreuteria. 
 
 18. Japan quince. 
 
 19. Variegated Weigela. 
 
 20. Judas tree or red bud. 
 
 21. American white or gray 
 
 birch. 
 
 22. Golden bell or Forsythia. 
 
 23. Weeping European 
 
 larch. 
 24; American hornbeam. 
 
 25. American hornbeam. 
 
 26. Oleaster. 
 
 27. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 28. Mock orange or sweet 
 ' syringa. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Platanus Orientalis. 
 Betula lutea. 
 Celtis Occidentalis. 
 
 Carpinus betulus. 
 Tilia Americana. 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Alnus glutinosa. 
 Magnolia umbrella. 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 Magnolia Soulangcana. 
 Catalpa bignonioides. 
 
 Picea excelsa. 
 
 Larix Europ<za. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 
 Pinus sylvcstris. 
 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 
 Kcelreuteria paniculata. 
 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 
 Dicrvilla rosea, var. foliis 
 
 variegatis. 
 Cercis Canadcnsis. 
 Betula populifolia. 
 
 Forsythia viridissima. 
 
 Larix Europcea, var. pen- 
 
 dula. 
 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 Ca rp inns Caro lin ia na. 
 El<?agnus angustifolia. 
 Negundo acer aides. 
 
 P h ila dclp Juts co ran a rius. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 29. European larch. 
 
 30. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 31. Red maple. 
 
 32. European bird cherry. 
 
 33. European hazel. 
 
 34. American hornbeam. 
 
 35. Weeping European sil- 
 
 ver linden. 
 
 36. Red maple. 
 
 37. Cherry birch. 
 
 38. Bush Deutzia. 
 
 39. American hornbeam. 
 
 40. Norway maple. 
 
 41. Hop tree or shrubby tre- 
 
 foil. 
 
 42. Black cherry and cherry 
 
 birch grown together. 
 
 43. Black haw. 
 
 44. Weeping bald cypress. 
 
 45. American white a:h. 
 
 46. American hornbeam. 
 
 47. European linden. 
 
 48. American basswood. 
 
 49. European silver linden, 
 
 50. Yellow willow. 
 
 51. Weigela. 
 
 52. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 53. Ninebark. 
 
 54. Japan cedar. 
 
 55. Hemlock. 
 
 56. Noble silver fir. 
 
 57. Alcock's spruce. 
 
 58. Rhododendron. 
 
 59. Mountain laurel. 
 
 60. Chinese cork tree. 
 
 6 1. Catesby's Andromeda. 
 
 62. Japan ground cypress, 
 
 or Japan arbor vitae. 
 (Plume-leaved). 
 
 Larix Europcca. . 
 
 Philadclphus grandinorus. 
 
 Acer rubrum. 
 
 Prunus padus. 
 
 Corylus avcllana. 
 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 
 Tilia Europaa, var. argcntea 
 
 (or alba) pcndula. 
 Acer rubrum. 
 Betula lenta. 
 Deutzia crcnata. 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 Acer platanoides. 
 Ptelca trifoliata. 
 
 Prunus serotina and Betula 
 lenta 
 
 Viburnum prunifolium. 
 
 Taxodium distichum, var. 
 pendulum. 
 
 Frax'mus Americana. 
 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 
 Tilia Europcca. 
 
 Tilia Americana. 
 
 Tilia Europ&a, var. argentea 
 (or alba}. 
 
 Salix.alba, var. vitellina. 
 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 
 Philadelphus grandiflorus. 
 
 PJiysocarpus (or Spircea) 
 opulifolia. 
 
 Cryptomeria Japonica. 
 
 Tsuga Canadensis. 
 
 Abies no-bilis. 
 
 Picca Alcoquina. 
 
 Rhododendron everestianum. 
 
 Kalmia latifolia. 
 
 Phcllodendron Amurensc. 
 
 Andromeda Catesbai. 
 
 Chamcecyparis (or Rctinos- 
 pora} pisifera, var. pin- 
 mo sa. 
 
8 9 
 
 COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 63. Variegated English yew. Taxus baccata, rar. clcgan- 
 
 tissiuia. 
 
 64. Plume-leaved Er~lish Ulmns camfcstris, var. plu- 
 
 elm. mosa. 
 
VI. 
 
 LINCOLN STATUE TO FIRST SUMMER HOUSE. 
 
 This ramble begins at the Lincoln Statue, south 
 of the Flower Garden, follows the path which leads 
 off to the west from the Walk on which the Statue 
 stands, and skirts the southern slope of Breeze Hill 
 to a point where the Walk breaks into two forks. 
 Here we stop, and, turning back, follow the lake 
 border to Ford Bridge. 
 
 Very near the end of the wall which bounds the 
 south-western corner of the Flower Garden, you will 
 find a hemlock. Directly back of the hemlock, up the 
 hill a little to the north-west is a rare conifer, well 
 worth your careful attention. You will know it by 
 its reddish bark stripped and shredded very much like 
 that of a red cedar. Look at its leaves. Do they 
 make you think of the claws of a cat? Examine 
 them closely and you will find that they are rather 
 four-sided, curved and taper gradually down from 
 a large sessile base to a sharp tip. This gives 
 each branch a rather hard, close look. If you exam- 
 ine this tree carefully you may see its cones, either 
 green (the new ones) or dull brown (the old ones) 
 clinging at the end of the branches. The form of 
 the tree is lofty and spire-like and its foliage is richly 
 dark green. What is it? Perhaps you have already 
 
guessed it to be the Japan cedar (Cryptomeria 
 ica.) There are several of them along here and I 
 love to see them sway in the wind, gathering their 
 close hard branches about them and bowing with 
 stately and courtly grace, then lifting in noble dig 1 
 nity, tall and fair and straight, swaying gently with 
 a silent majesty that is truly regal. 
 
 Beyond this point as you follow the path eastward, 
 are variegated English yew, whose dark, flat, sharp- 
 pointed leaves you have, no doubt, long since grown 
 to recognize at a glance; then Catesby's Andromeda 
 (differing from the Andromeda you met up in Vale 
 Cashmere, by its sharper, more taper pointed leaves) 
 which nestles close beside another Cryptomeria Japon- 
 ica. A little beyond the Cryptomeria, near the Walk, 
 is Chamcccyparis (or Rctinospora) pisifera. You 
 can know it by its flat leaf-sprays which branch in 
 rather gridiron manner. Further on you will find 
 mountain laurel with shining, glossy elliptic leaves, 
 then rhododendron with rosy-lilac flowers, and 
 just about opposite the point made by the 
 forking of the two branches of the Walk, you 
 will see two conifers of special note and beauty. 
 They stand side by side and are about of the same 
 height. You will know them at once by the decided 
 bluish cast to their silvery-green foliage. If you ex- 
 amine this, you will see that their needles first follow 
 along parallel with the stem and then bend sharply 
 up from it at right angles, making a kind of comb 
 of the branch. There you will have the key to their 
 identity and will know them to be very good speci- 
 
92 
 
 mens of the noble silver fir. Close beside them, 
 to the west, rises a graceful weeping bald cypress 
 which you will do well to see in autumn. A search 
 about the base of this tree may reward you with a 
 sight of parts of their cones, for this tree bears them 
 very generously as you can see by looking at its up- 
 per branches. There you can behold them hanging, 
 little round balls, like small apples. But I don't 
 think you will find them whole, on the ground. If 
 you do you will be lucky. 
 
 Beyond the bald cypress, close by the Walk, is the 
 Japan arbor vitse chamaecyparis (or Retiiwspora] pisi- 
 fcra, "car. filifera. It is a small evergreen with thread- 
 like leaf-sprays. 
 
 About opposite this shrub, as you face the Lake, 
 on the border of the tongue of bank made by the fork 
 of Walks here, you will find some good specimens of 
 the white cedar (Chaincecyparis sphceroidea) with 
 glaucous-green foliage. Between the white cedars 
 and the tip of the tongue of bank, stands a red cedar, 
 and at the point of the tongue, a sapling bald cypress. 
 
 Up the slope of the hill, back of the rhododendron 
 which you just passed a moment ago, you will find 
 a fair specimen of the Alcock's spruce. You can dis- 
 tinguish it by its leaves, which are rather flattish- 
 four-sided ; curved, bluntly rounded at the tip, deep 
 green on the npperside and whitish beneath. 
 
 Turn now and follow the path around the terrace 
 which banks the Lake. You are now walking east- 
 ward and on your right, nearly in the center of the 
 grassy rise of bank between you and the water is 
 
93 
 
 a stocky yellow birch. You know it at once by its 
 silvery gray-green bark tinged with copper. The bark 
 peels and curls in shreds and frayed ends which give 
 it a ragged appearance all its own. 
 
 Nearer the Walk stands a hackberry, identified 
 easily by the warty knobs and ridges on its trunk, 
 usually more pronounced on the bark near the ground. 
 If the warty ridges do not satisfy you, look at its 
 lop-sided long egg-shaped leaves which are very rough 
 on the uppersides and hairy on the undersides. The 
 fruit of the tree is a globular drupe or berry on a 
 single stem. This berry is yellowish in summer but 
 purple, when ripe in the autumn. 
 
 In the corner of the Walk, close by the water, on 
 your right stands a well foliaged European hornbeam. 
 The Walk curves around an arm of the water here 
 to a little peninsula which juts out into the Lake, just 
 north of Scarlet Island. A curved rail bounds the 
 Walk and cuts it off from this peninsula. If you 
 step over it and follow the shore of the Lake around 
 this peninsula you will find a fine American elm just 
 beyond the rail, then some umbrella trees, with their 
 large paddle-like leaves, and conspicuous crimson 
 fruits in September; then European tree alder, tulip 
 tree, and American basswood at the north-westerly 
 corner of the peninsula. Continuing on around, you 
 pass Chinese cork tree about south of the basswood. 
 This is an extremely interesting tree and you will 
 find it close by the water's edge, leaning out over it. 
 You can tell it by its opposite leaves which are odd- 
 pinnate and made up of about nine (there may 
 
94 
 
 be more) leaflets. The leaflets are long, taper pointed. 
 Indeed its leaves look very much like those of the 
 ailanthus. They turn bright red in autumn and re- 
 main on the tree for quite a considerable time. The 
 fruit of this tree is small, black, and pea shaped and 
 hangs on the tree in winter in grape-like clusters. Be- 
 yond the Chinese cork tree you meet umbrella tree 
 again and again European alder, then American bass- 
 wood and at the far eastern corner of the bank, in 
 between the water and the rail, three umbrella trees 
 close together. A handsome young Soulange's mag- 
 nolia stands just back -(to the west) of the square 
 bend of the rail. 
 
 As you thread the tall grass of this pretty spot 
 look for two English .elms with plume-like heads, lift- 
 ing themselves up not unlike Lombardy poplars. These 
 stand just a little north-east of the Chinese cork tree 
 and you will know them by the plume-like wreathing 
 of their leaves. They are very odd varieties of the 
 English elm. 
 
 Now we will come back to the Walk again, trust- 
 ing that the Park authorities have given their per- 
 mission to our wanderings, and resume our investiga- 
 tions east and south-eastwards. 
 
 As you follow the Walk it bends gracefully around 
 to the south, leading you along a handsomely made 
 terrace which holds the water back in a gentle bay 
 north-east of Scarlet Island. This little bay is a beau- 
 tiful sight in summer when the Nelumbium is in the 
 height of its beauty, both in leaf and flower. Its 
 leaf is large cup-shaped, and peltate, that is, on a stem 
 
95 
 
 attached within the margin of the leaf which in this 
 case is at the center. It is botanically known by the 
 name Nelumbium speciosum and its flowers are pink, 
 red, or white. Commonly it is called false lotus or 
 sacred bean of the Orient. 
 
 Floating on these quiet waters you will also see 
 the familiar water lily. This has a round leaf, cut 
 from the margin to the center with a single straight 
 incision and the leaf floats flat on the water, whereas 
 the leaf of the Nelumbium is lifted a foot or more 
 above the water on a thick stalk. After a rain it 
 is a pretty sight to see the water globules running 
 like mercury hither and thither in the cups of these 
 big leaves of the Nelumbium, as they toss with the 
 breeze. 
 
 As you go southwards, beyond the Fountain, at the 
 end of the railed terrace, are beautifuj beds of Cacti, 
 which are interesting sights in summer, and just after 
 you pass these, a grove of evergreens meets you on 
 the right. We hope you have noticed, as you came 
 along, the magnificent grove of Eastern plane trees 
 which make such a noble display all about the Lin- 
 coln Statue. They certainly are doing well. See how 
 different their leaves are from those of the American 
 plane tree or buttonwood. The leaf of the Eastern 
 variety is much more maple-like in its cutting. 
 
 But to go on, let us consider the grove beyond the 
 bed of Cacti. The first tree you meet on the right of 
 the Walk is Austrian pine, which you can identify by 
 its dark green leaves, two in a fascicle and about six 
 inches long. Beyond the Austrian pine is a Scotch 
 
9 6 
 
 pine, with leaves two in a fascicle but only two to 
 four inches long. The leaves of the Scotch pine have 
 a decided twist and they are rather flattish near the 
 point. The cones of the two trees are quite differ- 
 ent, the Austrian's are about three times as large. The 
 cone of the Scotch pine is small and its scales are 
 distinctly quadrangular. Almost in a direct line, north- 
 west from the Austrian pine, looking toward Scarlet 
 Island, are European larch and two Norway spruces. 
 Next to the Scotch pine is a European flowering ash, 
 which bears greenish white fringe like flowers in clus- 
 ters along its branches. 
 
 At this point a little branch path runs off to the 
 right toward the Lake. Follow it for a moment to 
 its end then come back to the Walk from which it 
 sprang. You will pass on the right European larch, 
 Koclrcnteria, and Scotch pine. On the left you pass 
 Forsythia viridissima , variegated Weigela and Japan 
 quince at the end of the path, by the water. Coming 
 back to the larger Walk now, beside the mass of For- 
 sythia viridissima, there are two more thriving bushes 
 of Japan quince. Just back of the quince lifts up an 
 European weeping larch, which I think one of the 
 handsomest in the Park. It is a perfect type of the 
 Lanx Eiwopaa, var. pendula. In early spring it is 
 a marvel of fairy green, a floating cloud of lace, and 
 as the season advances and summer breathes upon 
 it, it covers itself with cascade upon cascade of drip- 
 ping green, like a fountain, dropping its waters from 
 terrace to terrace. Through its soft and graceful 
 vail its cones can be seen clinjnnf. In winter these 
 
97 
 
 give the tree an added beauty, standing out in con- 
 spicuous jet against the sky. 
 
 Near the Walk, just beyond this beautiful larch, 
 is an American white birch, and, beside it, leaning 
 out over the Lake, a well grown Judas tree. Here 
 we have come to a spot where the Lake whispers 
 alongside the Walk for a little distance, and from 
 this open stretch you look across over the Large Lake 
 to the wooded heights of Lookout Hill. Then the 
 path runs on beneath the shade of arching trees and 
 loses itself in green peninsulas and islands floating 
 half asleep on dreaming slumbrous waters. 
 
 As you enter the green arcade beyond the open 
 stretch of Walk, close down by the water's edge, you 
 will find two American hornbeams standing in the 
 corner of the path on the right. Beyond these are 
 two trees which look very much like willows. But 
 they are quite different. They are oleasters (Elceagnns 
 aiigustifolia) and if you pass them in July, you may 
 see them in bloom. Then amid their silvery gray- 
 green leaves you may find their fragrant spicy flow- 
 ers. These are little tubes with four petals yellow 
 on the inside but silvery white on the outside. The 
 leaves of the trees are narrow (lanceolate) and sil- 
 very white on the undersides, with a decided scurf. 
 
 Beyond the oleasters, on the right of the Walk are 
 tulip tree, ash-leaved maple, sweet syringa, European 
 larch, large flowered syringa, European larch again, 
 red maple, European bird cherry, European larch 
 again, European hazel, American hornbeam. These 
 are bv the border of the Walk, and, at the hornbeam, 
 
9 8 
 
 you ought to be a little further than half the distance 
 from the oleasters to the Ford Bridge. Now strike 
 off to the water and along the bankside, you will 
 find two very handsome weeping European silver lin- 
 dens. You will know them by their sugar-loaf forms, 
 smooth gray trunks and branches and cordate leaves 
 green above and silvery beneath. Then come a 
 red maple, cherry birch about half way between 
 water and Walk, red maple again, and, back by the 
 border of the Walk, Deutsia crenata, American 
 hornbeam and Norway maple close by the right hand 
 corner of Ford Bridge. 
 
 On the left of the Walk from the entrance of this 
 delightful arcade, you have passed on your way to 
 Ford Bridge, American elm; oleaster (about oppo- 
 site ash-leaved maple) ; black haw; weeping bald cy- 
 press; American white ash (opposite red maple); 
 American basswoods, one of them a little off to the 
 left of the Walk, the other about opposite a European 
 larch ; European silver linden about opposite the first 
 weeping European silver linden by the water; then 
 another European silver linden about opposite the 
 second weeping linden by the water ; then a couple 
 of Norway maples ; and close by the Bridge, Dentzia 
 crenata; Weigela; large flowered syringa and nine- 
 bark. Back of the Deutsia crenata you will find a 
 buckthorn with leaves that make you think of dog- 
 wood, and back of the syringa, is a majestic old yel- 
 low willow. There are. several of these fine old wil- 
 lows here all along the borders of the stream and 
 beautiful sights they are in winter when their twigs 
 turn brassy yellow 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 
 N?7 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 7 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. European linden. 
 
 2. European silver linden. 
 
 3. Broad-leaved European 
 
 linden. 
 
 4. Weigela. 
 
 5. Tulip tree. 
 
 6. Golden bell or Forsythia. 
 
 7. Chinese Wistaria. (Pale 
 
 blue flowers.) 
 
 8. Weigela. (Deep 
 
 son flowers. ) 
 
 9. Mock orange or sweet 
 
 syringa. 
 
 10. Reeve's spiraea. 
 
 11. Japan quince. 
 
 12. Silver bell or snowdrop 
 
 tree. 
 
 13. Bridal wreath spiraea. 
 
 14. Snowy hydrangea. 
 
 15. Hop tree or shrubby tre- 
 
 foil. 
 
 16. Oleaster. 
 
 17. American or white elm. 
 
 18. Hall's Japan honey- 
 
 suckle. 
 
 19. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 20. American basswood. 
 
 21. Lilac. (White flowers.) 
 
 22. Judas tree or redbud. 
 
 23. Japan pagoda tree. 
 
 24. Koelreuteria. 
 
 25. American white ash. 
 
 26. American or white elm. 
 
 27. Sugar maple. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Tilia Europcua. 
 
 Tilia Europcca, var. argcntea 
 
 (or alba). 
 Tilia Europcea, var. plati- 
 
 phylla. 
 
 Dicrvilla amabilis. 
 Liriodendron tulipifcra. 
 Forsythia viridissima. 
 Wistaria Sincnsis. 
 
 crim- Diervilla floribunda. 
 
 Philadelphia coronariu^. 
 
 Spircea Reevesiana. 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 Halesia tetraptera. 
 
 Spir&a prunifolia. 
 Hydrangea nivca. 
 Ptclea trifoliata. 
 
 Elaagnus angustifolia. 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 Loniccra Japonica (or Hal- 
 liana). 
 
 Philadclphus grandiflorus. 
 Tilia Americana. 
 Syringa vulgaris, var. alba. 
 Ccrcis Canadensis. 
 Sophora Japonica. 
 Kcclrcutcria paniculata. 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 Acer saccharinum. 
 
102 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 28. Bay or laurel-leaved wil- 
 
 low. 
 
 29. English elm. 
 
 30. Osage orange. 
 
 31. English elm. 
 
 32. Lilac. 
 
 33. Yellow or golden willow. 
 
 34. Common barberry. 
 
 35. Red maple. 
 
 36. Cucumber tree. 
 
 37. Umbrella tree. 
 
 38. Mountain-ash-leaved 
 
 spiraea. 
 
 39. American basswood. 
 
 40. American hornbeam. 
 
 41. Purple barberry. 
 
 42. Hemlock. 
 
 43. Paper or canoe birch. 
 
 44. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 45. Norway spruce. 
 
 46. Scotch elm. 
 
 47. Cherry birch. 
 
 48. Mugho pine. 
 
 49. Scotch pine. 
 
 50. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 51. Common elder. 
 
 52. Bald cypress. 
 
 53. Huckleberry. 
 
 54. Mock orange or sweet 
 
 syringa. 
 
 55. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 56. Soulange's magnolia. 
 
 57. Snowy hydrangea. 
 
 58. European or tree alder. 
 
 59. American white or gray 
 
 birch. 
 
 60. Bush Deutzia. (Variety 
 
 Pride of Rochester.) 
 
 61. Speckled or hoary alder. 
 
 62. Nordmann's silver fir. 
 
 63. Pitch pine. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Salix pcntandra (or Lauri- 
 
 folia). 
 
 Ulmus campcstris. 
 Madura aurantiaca. 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 Syringa vulgaris. 
 Sali.v alba, var. vitellina. 
 Berbcris vulgaris. 
 Acer rubruin. 
 Magnolia acuminata. 
 Magnolia umbrella. 
 Spiraea sorbifolia. 
 
 Tilia Americana. 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 Berbcris vulgaris, var. pur- 
 
 purca. 
 
 Tsuga Canadensis. 
 Betula papyrifcra. 
 Cornus ilorida. 
 Picea cxcelsa. 
 Ulmus montana. 
 Betula I cut a. 
 
 Pinus montana, var. Mughus. 
 Pinus sylvestris. 
 Philadelphus grandiHprus. 
 Sambucus Canadensis. 
 Taxodium distichum. 
 Gaylussacia resinosa. 
 Philadelphus coronarius. 
 
 Ph Hade Iph us gran diflo rus. 
 Magnolia Soulangeana. 
 Hydrangea nivea. 
 Alnus glutinosa. 
 Betula populifolia. 
 
 Deutzia crenata, var. Pride of 
 
 Rochester. 
 Alnus incana. 
 Abies Nordmanniana. 
 Pinus rigida. 
 
VII. 
 
 FIRST SUMMER HOUSE TO SECOND SUMMER HOUSE, 
 LARGE LAKE. 
 
 Just beyond the cozy little rustic bridge that spans 
 the horse ford, a pretty summer house looks out 
 upon the Large Lake. It is the first of a series of 
 four and our walk in this chapter begins here and 
 runs on to the next summer house by the lakeside. 
 
 But before starting let us look at a few things in 
 between the House and Ford Bridge. Just by the 
 corner of the Bridge, near the water's edge, is Eu- 
 ropean linden and next to it, by the Walk is a fine 
 European silver linden. Then come another Eu- 
 ropean linden and Forsythia viridissiina near the 
 Summer House. Back of the Forsythia almost in a 
 straight line toward the Lake are tulip tree and broad- 
 leaved European linden. 
 
 In the little island of shrubbery opposite the Sum- 
 mer House, there are graceful silver bell or snow- 
 drop trees, beautifully marked with yellowish streaks 
 through their dusky bark and Japan quince almost 
 at the point nearest Ford Bridge. About opposite 
 the entrance of the Summer House, stands a fine 
 mass of the bridal wreath spiraea and not far from 
 it a beautiful clump of the rosy Weigela. Further 
 along the border of this island near its other. end are 
 great masses of the Forsythia viridissiina, which you 
 
104 
 
 can know at once by their strong, clean lanceolate 
 leaves. At the extreme end of this island of shrubbery 
 there is a tangled mass of Hall's Japan honeysuckle, 
 woven through and through, with morning glory 
 charmingly offsetting the sweeping bank of large flow- 
 ered syringa beside it. 
 
 Having considered these few things in a preliminary 
 way, let us now start from the First Summer House 
 and take note of the things on the right of the Walk. 
 Close beside the Shelter, the Diervilla floribunda sets 
 all its deep crimson horns of color blowing in early 
 June and back of it, nearer the water, the sweet syringa, 
 equally beautiful opens its white flowers in great pro- 
 fusion. Beside the Diervilla or Welgela, a Reeve's 
 spiraea bends with its weight of bloom. Over by the 
 water, knee deep in the tall and waving grass of lovely 
 June days, the hop tree or shrubby trefoil stands 
 fingering the breezes from the Lake with its unmistak- 
 able three leaves. Just in front of this, close by the 
 Walk, is a hydrangea which on account of the silvery 
 or snowy underside of its leaf has been called nivea. 
 It is a beautiful shrub and when the wind blows and 
 turns it into a living flame of silver it is a joyous 
 sight. It blooms about July, and has white flowers 
 in flat corymbs which are very beautiful against the 
 dark green (upper side) of its heart-shaped leaves. 
 
 Just beyond this point, there is a fine group of tulip 
 trees which are glorious, either in June when they 
 have set all their beautiful greenish yellow flowers to 
 the sun or in autumn when they flutter tints of rich- 
 est chrome yellow. 
 
105 
 
 Back of the hop tree, by the border of the Lake, you 
 will find another silver bell, and beyond the silver 
 bell, oleaster with its willow-like habit of growth and 
 gray-green silvery leaves. Beyond the oleaster is 
 American elm. 
 
 Coming to the Walk again and following on, you 
 pass a fine American basswood a little beyond the last 
 tulip by the Walk. You cannot mistake it, especially 
 if it is in leaf, for its leaves are large, noticeably lop- 
 sided heart-shaped. As the season advances, the 
 American basswood shows distinct shades of yellow- 
 green in its leaves and if you get to know this tint, you 
 can tell the American basswood afar off. Notice how 
 differently it puts out its branches from the habit 
 of the European linden. A little further on, the Walk 
 throws off to the left a short arm to cross the Drive. 
 As it nears the Bridle Path and Drive, you pass some 
 splendid European silver lindens, very easily known 
 by their smooth bark and cordate leaves, white on the 
 undersides. You can tell them also by their notice- 
 ably sugar loaf form. Crossing the Bridle Path for 
 a moment, in the south-west corner of the little space 
 between it and the Drive, at the left, is Koclreuteria, 
 A lamp-post guards the south-east corner and 
 back of it, by the border of the Drive you meet a fine 
 Japan pagoda tree, then Judas tree with good-sized 
 heart-shaped leaves, then Reeve's spiraea and a fine 
 clump of lilac at the extreme north-easterly end of 
 this island-like space. Directly opposite the lamp- 
 post, on the right of the path is another K&lreuteria, 
 with a young hop tree or shrubby trefoil beside it. 
 
io6 
 
 Behind the trefoil stands another Kcelreuteria and at 
 the extreme south-westerly end of the space here stands 
 a clump of lilac. This clump bears purple flowers. 
 
 Now let us retrace our steps to the Walk again, 
 and follow it on toward the Second Summer House. 
 As you go along, you pass several American elms, an 
 English elm and an American white ash. The Amer- 
 ican elms you cannot mistake, with their vase-like 
 habit of growth. The English elm is of oak-like look, 
 short-trunked, stocky of build. The American ash 
 you can distinguish by its compound leaf and by its 
 lozenge-like bark. Almost directly opposite the ash 
 stands one of its clansmen, tall and majestic, a glory 
 of brilliant sun-fire playing over its bark on bright 
 winter days. Not far from this ash, you meet a sugar 
 maple, beautiful in autumn when its leaves begin to 
 play with reds and golds and crimsons. Back 
 of these two trees, close by the water's edge 
 stand an American elm and a laurel leaved willow. 
 The laurel leaved willow stands tip-toe on the little 
 point or jut of land that makes a cove here. Walk 
 up to it and see its beautiful shining dark green leaves. 
 There are many of these willows in the Park and it 
 is well to make their acquaintance early. Stand back 
 a little and get the sunshine over their glossy leaves. 
 Isn't that a flame of white fire! Watch the breeze 
 send them into shivers of flying glass. The leaf of 
 this tree somewhat resembles that of the shining wil- 
 low (Sali.v lucida), but the leaf of the shining wil- 
 low is much longer-taper-pointed. 
 
 Coming back to the Walk again, beyond the sugar 
 
maple, you find on the right another good sized white 
 ash and beyond it, not far from the point where the 
 Walk forks, European linden. A good Osage orange 
 stands near the Walk, just beyond the linden and about 
 opposite the point where the Walk branches. The 
 Osage orange is identified by the very distinct spines 
 in the axils of its leaves. Look for them, for they are 
 worth seeing. Some of the botanies speak of the 
 flowers of the Osage orange as inconspicuous, but 
 I saw this tree covered with blossoms one June day 
 and a very pretty sight it was. The tree has in- 
 teresting fruit, large and globular and of an orange- 
 like look, whence its name. It is golden yellow when 
 ripe. 
 
 A little off to one side, from the Osage orange, about 
 midway between it and the water is a clump of very 
 peculiarly leaved shrubbery. If you don't know it and 
 should come upon it in July, you would wonder what 
 it was, with its rather spindle shaped heads of fuzzy 
 white flowers. The heads make you think of meadow 
 sweet and spiraeas. It is a spiraea and its leaves tell 
 you that it is the mountain-ash-leaved spiraea. To 
 me it is very beautiful and you will come across it in 
 many parts of the Park. In July and August it is quite 
 conspicuous and it makes a brave sight on the days 
 when most of the trees and shrubs are over with their 
 blooming. You cannot mistake it and if you know 
 the leaf of the mountain ash, you will see how well 
 this spiraea deserves its name. 
 
 Further on, by the water's edge, a willow thrusts 
 up its grace and strength into the sunlight. It has 
 
io8 
 
 beautiful leaves, long and lance shaped and softly sil- 
 very gray-green on the undersides. Every breeze sends 
 through it sudden drifts of light, very fair and beau- 
 tiful to watch. But the glory of this willow is in the 
 winter. Then its twigs turn a rich, brassy yellow 
 which you can see afar off. It is the yellow or golden 
 willow, really a variety of the white willow. How 
 lovely is the dull brassy yellow which this tree lifts 
 through the purple-brown maze of bare twigs in 
 winter. It is pronounced, yet so subdued. Its very 
 look is winter and goes with humming ice and bright 
 sunshine, and clean, cold air, and sparkling snow ; 
 with creaking tree trunks and soft violet shadows over 
 the snow ; with that still, winter's quiet which is in- 
 describable in words, but which is so full of a some- 
 thing that stirs way down the innermost soul. 
 
 Beyond the yellow willow, near the Walk a fine white 
 ash lifts up the blazonry of its diamond panelled bark, 
 gloriously rough and rugged, full of vigor, life and 
 hardiness. Sometimes I smite them with my fist, just 
 to feel the firm tingle of their ridges. Off to the 
 right again and near the water, you will meet a good 
 clump of common barberry (Berberis vulgaris) which 
 you will have no difficulty in identifying from its 
 obovate-oblong leaves and abundance of small spines. 
 Try to see barberry in September, when it is hung full 
 of fruit. Its fruit (berries, of oblong shape) is very 
 handsome then, rich cool crimson in color, glowing 
 with autumn. 
 
 Near the Walk again, we meet cucumber tree (Mag- 
 nolia acuminata) and if you look up in its branches 
 
and find its fruit, you will see the significance of its 
 name. This fruit looks quite like a young cucumber, 
 especially when green, but in early September, it cer- 
 tainly loses its claim to the name, for then, it turns 
 a cool magenta. The husk of the fruit breaks open 
 in early fall and through the openings, seeds of the 
 richest coral, push out and hang on fairy threads of 
 silk in a most curious way. This is the fruiting habit 
 of the magnolia, and it certainly is an odd one. About 
 opposite the cucumber tree, on the other side of the 
 Walk and a little back, you will find the umbrella 
 tree (Magnolia umbrella]. If you are curious to know 
 why this tree is called ''umbrella," stand under it, 
 look up, and see the way its leaves hang from the 
 ends of its branches. This will convince you that 
 it has been well named. The leaves of the umbrella 
 tree are much larger than those of the cucumber tree 
 and, when fully grown, are from one to two feet long, 
 while those of the cucumber are from five to ten inches 
 only. The leaf of the cucumber tree is pointed at 
 both ends (acuminata) and is thin and pale beneath. 
 The two trees grow very differently, the cucumber 
 tall and straight with rather regular outline, the um- 
 brella sprawls like a catalpa or an apple tree. It is 
 very easy to identify them and as they are here to- 
 gether, it is well to study their differences. The cu- 
 cumber tree bears small greenish yellow flowers about 
 three inches wide in late spring or early summer, the 
 umbrella tree, broad white flowers, from six to eight 
 inches wide, in May, usually. In the autumn, the 
 
no 
 
 former tree turns to a beautiful, soft, light fawn color, 
 the latter to a subdued bronze. 
 
 Beyond the cucumber tree, about midway toward the 
 water's edge, you will find another Osage orange, and 
 beyond this tree, a red maple leaning over the stream. 
 Beyond the red maple is golden willow again, and 
 to the left of this tree, by the Walk, another cucumber 
 tree. Beyond this cucumber tree, close by the Walk, 
 an American basswood boldly flings out its strong 
 branches and large leaves in considerable contrast 
 both in point of size and texture from those of the 
 broad-leaved European linden beside it. Next beyond 
 the linden comes American hornbeam, with its birch- 
 like leaves, but with bark that is only hornbeam. No 
 other tree can lay claim to its smooth, hard-finished 
 bark so beautifully veined with threads of silver. Be- 
 yond the hornbeam a mass of purple barberry spreads 
 its beautiful color against the wealths of green nestled 
 here. Diagonally opposite the barberry, on the other 
 side of the Walk is European linden. 
 
 The path we are following forks again here, one 
 branch stealing around to the right to creep through 
 the canopies of waving green out to Second Summer 
 House, the left goes on to search the nooks about the 
 end of this peninsula. As the path turns to the right 
 you pass flowering dogwood ; two red maples ; another 
 flowering dogwood ; huckleberry ; sweet syringa, in a 
 large clump just beyond an open stretch of Walk; be- 
 side it a clump of large flowered syringa ; cucumber 
 tree, a little offside to the right ; red maple ; cucum- 
 ber tree again, and, very near to the Summer House, 
 
Ill 
 
 a good European or tree alder. On the point of shore 
 to your right as you stand in the Summer House 
 and face the Lake, are two laurel-leaved willows, tall 
 and flinging off the sunlight from their leaves in 
 showers of white fire at every breeze. In between 
 them stands a white or gray birch. 
 
 Along the little arm of the path from the clumps 
 of syringa (back a short distance) you passed on your 
 left as you came to the Summer House, Soulange's 
 magnolia, about opposite the sweet syringa ; cucum- 
 ber tree, opposite the red maple ; three bushes of the 
 snowy hydrangea ; and, close beside the Summer 
 House, to the left, two Norway spruces standing 
 nearly side by side. Back of these is a tall bald cy- 
 press. Compare the leaves of the Norway spruce with 
 those of the bald cypress. Note the fine feathery two 
 ranked flat leaves of the cypress as compared with 
 the four sided, rigid, curved leaves of the spruce. 
 
 Let us go back now to the Soulange's magnolia and 
 follow the path along its course here to the west. On 
 the left are two evergreens close together. The first 
 is pitch pine, which you can identify by its persistent 
 cones with sharp prickles on the scales and its leaves 
 in bundles of three, stout and stiff. The second ever- 
 green is Scotch pine. Diagonally across from the 
 Scotch pine on the right of the Walk, is another 
 Scotch pine, which casts its branches shelteringly over 
 a handsome bush Deutsia and a fine clump of large 
 flowered syringa. These stand side by side near a 
 short indentation of the Walk. On the further side of 
 this indentation stands Norway spruce. Then the path 
 
112 
 
 takes another turn to the right, out toward the water, 
 and if you go along there you will find, on your right, 
 common elder, about half way between the Norway 
 spruce and the water, and close beside the elder, bald 
 cypress. At the extreme end of this little reach of 
 path stands a golden willow leaning out over the 
 water. 
 
 If you come back now to the Norway spruce last 
 mentioned, about due south-west of it across the Walk, 
 stands Mugho pine. East of the Norway spruce, 
 across the Walk, a Nordmann silver fir is fighting 
 hard for its life. Its flat leaves, notched at the tip, and 
 two white lines on their undersides tell you that is a 
 Nordmann. Beyond the Nordmann, directly back of 
 a little squarely cut bight of the Walk, on your left 
 now, is another Mugho pine, and at the extreme left- 
 hand corner of this bight you will find cherry birch. 
 
 Let us now go back and pick up the thread of our 
 ramble at the point where the Walk forked beside the 
 dogwoods and huckleberry. We followed the right 
 hand branch out to the Second Summer House. Let 
 us now follow the left hand branch out to the end of 
 the peninsula on your left. You pass red maple, 
 Osage orange (near the water) and close by the Walk 
 again, still at your left, beyond the Osage "orange, a 
 good specimen of the hoary or speckled alder (Almis 
 incana}. Continuing, you pass American elm and, 
 some distance beyond, near the end of the Walk here, 
 hemlock, and at the very end of the Walk, north- 
 easterly corner, paper or canoe birch. At the south- 
 westerly corner stands flowering dogwood. To this 
 
point, you have passed on your right, American elm, 
 opposite the red maple ; European linden, hemlock, 
 about opposite the other hemlock on the left of the 
 Walk, Scotch elm and beyond the elm, very near the 
 spot where the Walk comes close to the water, is an- 
 other Norway spruce. 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 N98 
 
 n 
 
 SUMMER HJTOSI 
 
 LARGE LAKE 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 8 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. English elm. 
 
 2. Sugar maple. 
 
 3. American white ash. 
 
 4. European linden. 
 
 5. Single-leaved European 
 
 ash. 
 
 6. European silver linden. 
 
 7. European weeping beech. 
 
 8. Scotch elm. 
 
 9. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 10. Black haw. 
 
 11. Red osier. 
 
 12. Red maple. 
 
 13. Oleaster. 
 
 14. Weeping European 
 
 larch. 
 
 15. Bald cypress. 
 
 16. California!! privet. 
 
 17. Tulip tree. 
 
 18. European flowering ash. 
 
 19. Aticuba-leaved ash. 
 
 20. Ninebark. 
 
 21. European hazel. 
 
 22. Hop tree or shrubby tre- 
 
 foil. 
 
 23. Golden bell or Forsy- 
 
 thia. 
 
 24. Koelreuteria. 
 
 25. European bird cherry. 
 
 26. Single-leaved European 
 
 ash. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Ulmus campcstris. 
 
 Acer sadcharinum. 
 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 
 Tilia Europcca. 
 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. 
 
 monophytta. 
 Tilia Europcca, var. argent ca 
 
 (or alba}. 
 
 Fagns sylvatica, var. pcndula. 
 Ulmus montana. 
 Negundo aceroides. 
 
 Viburnum prunifolium. 
 Cornus stolonifera. 
 Acer rubrum. 
 Elceagnus angustifolia. 
 Larix Europ&a, var. pcndula. 
 
 Taxodium distichum. 
 Ligustrum ovalifolium. 
 Liriodendron tulip era. 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 Fraxinus Americana, var. 
 
 aucubcefolia. 
 Pliysocarpus (or Spircca) op- 
 
 u li folia. 
 
 Corylus avellana. 
 Ptelea trifoliata. 
 
 Fo rsyth ia viridissima. 
 
 Koelreuteria paniculata. 
 Prunus padus. 
 
 Fraxinus excelsior, var. 
 monophylla. 
 
COMMON NAME 
 
 27. Weigela. 
 
 28. Judas tree or redbud. 
 
 29. European or tree alder. 
 
 30. Bush Deutzia. (White 
 
 single flowers.) 
 
 31. Northern prickly ash or 
 
 toothache tree. 
 
 32. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 33. American or white elm. 
 
 34. Washington thorn. 
 
 35. Hackberry or sugar- 
 
 berry. 
 
 36. Oleaster. 
 
 37. Fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 38. Japan quince. 
 
 39. Common barberry. 
 
 40. Silver maple. 
 
 41. Indian bean or Southern 
 
 catalpa. 
 
 42. False indigo. 
 
 43. English hawthorn. 
 
 44. Arrowwood. 
 
 45. European spindle tree. 
 
 46. Siberian red osier. 
 
 47. Bur or mossy cup oak. 
 
 48. Weigela. (Deep crim- 
 
 son flowers.) 
 
 49. Snowball. 
 
 50. Weigela. 
 
 51. Bush Deutzia (Pride of 
 
 Rochester). 
 
 52. Cornelian cherry. 
 
 53. Sycamore maple. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 Cercis Canadensis. 
 Alnus glutinosa. 
 Dcutzia crenata. 
 
 Xanthoxylum Amcricanum. 
 
 Philadelphus grandiflorus. 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 Cratcegus cordata. 
 Ccltis occidentalis. 
 
 Elaagnus augustifolia. 
 Louie era fragrantissima. 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 Berberds vulgaris. 
 Acer dasycarpum. ' 
 Catalpa bignonioidcs. 
 
 Amorpha fructicosa. 
 Cratagus oxyacantha. 
 Viburnum dcntatum. 
 Euonymus Enropccus. 
 Cornus alba, var. Sibcrica. 
 Qucrcus inacrocarpa. 
 Diervilla Horibunda. 
 
 Viburnum opulis, var. stcrilis. 
 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 
 Deutzia crenata, var. Pride of 
 
 Rochester. 
 Corrnis macsuln. 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 
VIII. 
 
 SECOND TO FOUETH SUMMER HOUSE, LAEGE LAKE. 
 
 This ramble begins at the third fork of the Walk 
 to the west of the rustic (Ford) bridge, not far from 
 Second Summer House, Large Lake. We commence 
 with the left hand branch of the fork and follow the 
 path almost due west. On the left of the path, as we 
 start in, are well grown English elms, stocky, hardy, 
 oak-like in growth. Speaking of English elms, in this 
 vicinity the whole stretch of the Walk running along 
 the south side of Promenade Drive is lined with them. 
 
 But to come back to our path. As we ramble on, 
 we pass maples, mostly sugar maples, on the right and 
 on the left. The fifth tree, on -the left, is one of those 
 peculiar single-leaved ash trees, (Fraxinus excelsior, 
 var. monophylla). Opposite the single-leaved ash 
 stands European linden. Then come two Scotch elms 
 on the left, with sugar maples opposite them, and, be- 
 yond the second Scotch elm, ash-leaved maple. 
 
 As the Walk meets the Bridle Path here, almost at 
 the point of junction, stands a black haw (Viburnum 
 prunifolinm) with another one just a little east of it. 
 They are small trees, a little higher than your head 
 and have oval leaves, obtuse or slightly pointed. They 
 bloom in late May or early June, with profuse white 
 flat topped clusters of flowers and their fruit, black or 
 
I2O 
 
 blue-black berries (sweet), ripens in September. The 
 Walk has an open space here, as you go on, with the 
 Bridle Path close on its left. About the middle of 
 its right hand bank stands a fine esh-leaved maple. A 
 little back of this tree and to the east, close down on 
 the water's edge is one of the handsomest weeping 
 beeches in the Park. Back of the weeping beech on 
 the borders of the little cove here, are European silver 
 linden and weeping European silver linden. 
 
 Coming back to the Walk again and proceeding 
 westward we find on the left of the Walk, almost on 
 the point where the greensward begins to form a bank 
 at the junction of the Walk and Bridle Path, a fine 
 mass of California!! privet, which, in June, i c covered 
 with white flowers. Then comes a little cluster of 
 European flowering ashes, (Fraxinus ornus). You 
 may know them easily by their short trunks and gray, 
 brittle-looking branches. There are a number of them 
 here, and if you pass them in late May or early June 
 you will see them all fluffed over with profuse green- 
 ish-white fringe-like flowers, borne in clusters on the 
 ends of the branches. But do not mistake the furthest 
 one of these low branching trees for one of the Euro- 
 pean flowering ashes. That tree, which stands about 
 opposite the arm of the Walk which runs out to the 
 Summer House here, is an ash-leaved maple, or box 
 elder. You can know it at once by its dark greenish 
 bark and, if in foliage, by its pinnate leaves, of from 
 three to five leaflets. On the right you have passed to 
 this point bald cypress, about opposite the mass of Cal- 
 ifornian privet, Forsythia viridissima, another bald cy- 
 
121 
 
 press, and just as the Walk bends off an arm to the 
 little Summer House that holds open windows over 
 the Large Lake, a fine tulip tree rattles luxuriant 
 leaves in the waving summer breezes or holds flam- 
 boyant torches of straw colored seed cones against the 
 blue of winter skies. This cozy little Summer House, 
 the third on the way around the Large Lake, as you 
 go westward from Ford Bridge, is beautifully hung 
 in summer with the bloom (purple) of the Wistaria. 
 
 As the Walk leaves the Summer House and slips 
 along beside the waters of the Lake, it passes a clump 
 of European hazel, which it is worth while to come to 
 see in early spring. Then its little catkins lengthen 
 into hanging lace of softest golden yellow, with faint 
 tinges of red. Do not miss it. It is a fairy sight and 
 you can see it in early March when the crow blackbirds 
 begin to wheeze over the leafless trees. This hazel 
 clump stands about midway between the Summer 
 House and the main Walk, on the water side of the 
 Walk. 
 
 Now we come back again to our main Walk and fol- 
 low it westward again. On the right we pass For- 
 sythia, hop tree, Kcclreuteria, two European bird 
 cherries, nearly side by side, and as the path bends 
 northward to follow the dent of the cove here, we 
 meet great masses of JVeigela, which in June will blow 
 rosy horns and fill the air with fragrance. Then come 
 Judas tree, Weigela, bush Deutzia, with white single 
 flowers, Californian privet, large flowered syringa, and 
 bush Deutzia again, bringing us to another junction of 
 the Walk. Back of the first clump of Deutzia crcnata, 
 
122 
 
 you will find the Northern toothache tree, with odd- 
 pinnate alternate leaves of from five to nine leaflets. 
 On the left we have passed Fra.i'iuns Americana, var. 
 aucubae folia aucuba-leaved ash, with odd looking, 
 gold blotched leaves ; European flowering ash ; Kocl- 
 rcuteria; European flowering ash; Kcclreutcria again 
 and European ash again. Then comes a little open 
 space and we begin again with privet (American elm 
 behind it), Wcigela and Washington hawthorn, about 
 opposite the point of the junction. This junction runs 
 off from the Walk to the right to thread its way 
 through the leafy arcades of little peninsulas. 
 
 As we walk along, just beyond the point of junc- 
 tion, well grown Washington thorns hang over the 
 Walk on the right. You may know them in foliage 
 by their rather triangular leaves. They are late in 
 reddening their berries, but they hold them tenaciously 
 arid these show beautiful ruddy patches of color 
 through the bare winter trees. Beyond, at a bend of 
 the Walk, stands a goodly hackberry. Opposite the 
 hackberry, on the left of the Walk, are clumps of 
 Japan quince. Note their thorns. They are beauti- 
 ful sights in April. Then they fairly flame crimson 
 with their scarlet flowers, golden hearted at the core, 
 and fill all the paths with beautiful outbursts of color. 
 Beyond, on the right, are tulip trees and close down 
 by the Lake, leaning over it, the Elaeagnus bends its 
 willow-looking trunk, bristling with whip-like 
 branches. The Elaeagnus is a ragged, tattered-looking 
 sort of a tree in winter, with its shredded bark, and 
 bunching, close clustering shoots, but see it in sum- 
 
123 
 
 mer, when the breeze is playing with its living silver, 
 sending swift flames of light through its soft gray- 
 green, or smell it when it unbosoms its spicy fragrance 
 to the July or early August heat. You can scarcely 
 believe that so pungent a perfume can come from the 
 little yellow flowers you see on this willow-looking 
 tree. If you pass it during the early days of Septem- 
 ber, look carefully amid its leaves for its very beauti- 
 ful silver-gray berries. They are about half an inch 
 long and quarter of an inch wide. 
 
 The path makes a bend here, and as you swing with 
 it you pass, on the left, great bushes of barberry (Bcr- 
 beris iwlgaris), which in late May deck themselves 
 with hanging clusters of golden flowers. In the au- 
 tumn how beautiful are their cool crimson berries and 
 frosty red-purple leaf tints! Walk here in September 
 just to see them. Close down by the water is AinorpJia 
 fructicosa, and a little further west along the stream- 
 side, you will find arrowwood with its beautifully cut 
 leaves. By the Walk, on the right, are more Wash- 
 ington thorns and on the little jut of land that noses 
 out into the Lake, just beyond, are hackberry and Eu- 
 ropean linden. You can tell the European linden in 
 winter by its dusky branches and reddish end twigs. 
 The silver lindens have light granite-gray bark and 
 branches. On the left, about opposite the westerly 
 Washington thorn, is a good sized clump of Siberian 
 red osier with white flowers in flat heads in early 
 summer, which develop into white berries. This bush 
 has brilliant glossy crimson twigs in winter. A little 
 south-west of it rises the spire-like form of a handsome 
 
124 
 
 bald cypress (Taxod'nim distichum), distichum be- 
 cause the leaves spread in two ranks. If you wish to 
 see a sight of great beauty, watch the bald cypresses 
 dress their branches in the early spring, covering them 
 with fine feathery leaves of tenderest green. Here 
 comes another open stretch of Walk with the water 
 of the Large Lake close to the path. In a corner of 
 the little bay the Amorpha fructicosa is met again, 
 holding up its conspicuous tell-tale fingers, full of 
 seeds, to the eye of the winter rambler. Across the 
 short stretch of open, you meet rearing up, dark 
 barked and grizzly, the strong, rugged overcup or 
 mossy cup oak. If you chance here in autumn, you 
 will have no difficulty in finding under this tree its 
 identifying acorns, great hairy-looking things all 
 frouzled over with fringe which literally on many 
 acorns almost covers the nut. Against the winter's 
 sky the tree cuts a clear, bold outline for all its twist- 
 ing branches. Its end branches are noticeably corky 
 and somewhat quadrangular. Closer to the Walk are 
 clumps of Weigela with rose-colored flowers in June ; 
 common snowball, with great white globes of bloom in 
 May ; syringa with white four-petaled fragrant flowers 
 in June. Further along, still on the right of the Walk, 
 is red osier or spreading cornel, Cornus stolonifera, 
 easily known by its striated branches and, in autumn, 
 by its lead colored or blue-black berries, silver lindens, 
 Tilia Europ&a, var. argentea and Tilia Europcca, var. 
 argentea pcndnla, Weigela, Forsythia viridissima, Cor- 
 nelian cherry (Cornus mascula) and Judas tree. Here 
 the Walk reaches out another arm to the right feel- 
 
125 
 
 ing for the third westerly Summer House on the bor- 
 ders of the Large Lake. 
 
 Up to this point, you have passed on the left, Euro- 
 pean linden (about opposite the snowball), two beau- 
 tiful little English hawthorns (about opposite the sil- 
 ver lindens), Norway maple (opposite the Forsythia), 
 European linden (diagonally opposite the Cornelian 
 cherry), Scotch elm (Uluius Montana), about oppo- 
 site the spot where the Walk sends out its arm to 
 the Summer House. A little further on the Walk 
 forks again, a short branch leading to the left close 
 to the Bridle Path, the other drawing you along 
 through mazy tangles of interlacing shrubs and over- 
 arching boughs, beside still waters which sleep amid 
 nooky peninsulas and floating islands that lull the 
 spirit into peace and melt the city away through the 
 mists of their leafy scenes. This is one of the most 
 beautiful parts of the Park and is so loved by birds 
 that you cannot wander here in the leafy months 
 without getting sight of many a wing flash. There 
 were a pair of yellow billed cuckoos I watched one 
 summer at home in their nest near here, and many a 
 time have I seen the scarlet flash of the red-winged 
 blackbird skimming these silent waters or watched the 
 king bird spread his white belted tail from the rustling 
 tops of some of these lakeside bushes. At every turn 
 the landscape artist has made for the rambler here 
 vistas of marvelous beauty. Walk here in autumn 
 when the stripping winds have bared the trees but 
 to build leaf bridges over these quiet coves or come 
 later when the frost first kisses them and prisons the 
 floating leaves in glass. 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 N<?9 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 9 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. European white birch. 
 
 2. English cork bark elm. 
 
 3. Willow-leaved European 
 
 flowering ash. 
 
 4. Shady hydrangea. 
 
 5. Cucumber tree. 
 
 6. Honey locust. 
 
 7. Silver maple. 
 
 8. Weeping European 
 
 larch. 
 
 9. European silver linden. 
 
 10. European ash. 
 
 11. English hawthorn. (Red 
 
 flowers.) 
 
 12. Black or pear hawthorn. 
 
 13. European or tree alder. 
 
 14. Laburnum, golden chain, 
 
 or bean trefoil tree. 
 
 15. Koelreuteria. 
 
 16. False indigo. 
 
 17. Fringe tree. 
 
 18. Hercules's club, Devil's 
 
 walking stick, or An- 
 gelica tree. 
 
 19. Smoke tree. 
 
 20. Ninebark. 
 
 21. Black or pear hawthorn. 
 
 22. Fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 23. Cut-leaved weeping Eu- 
 
 ropean white birch. 
 
 24. Shadbush, June berry, or 
 
 service berry. 
 
 25. European flowering ash. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Betula alba. 
 
 Ulmus campestris, var. sub- 
 
 crosa. 
 Fraxinus or mis, var. salici- 
 
 folia. 
 
 Hydrangea arborescens. 
 Magnolia acitminata. 
 Gleditschia triacanthos. 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 Larix Europcca, var. pendula. 
 
 Tilia Europcca, var. argentea. 
 Fraxinus excelsior. 
 Cratccgus oxyacantha. 
 
 Cratccgus tomentosa. 
 Alnus glutinosa. 
 Laburnum vulgare. 
 
 Koelreuteria paniculata. 
 AmorpJia fructicosa. 
 Chionanthus Virginica. 
 Aralia spinosa. 
 
 Rhus cotinus. 
 
 Physocarpus (or Spiiyea) op- 
 
 ulifolia. 
 
 Cratccgus tomentosa. 
 Lonicera fragrantissima. 
 Betula alba, var. pendula 
 
 laciniata. 
 Amclanchier Canadensis. 
 
 Fraxinus ornus. 
 
130 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 26. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 27. Weeping European sil- 
 
 ver linden. 
 
 28. English hawthorn. 
 
 29. Golden bell or Forsythia. 
 
 30. Yellow-wood. 
 
 31. Siberian pea tree. 
 
 32. Ginkgo tree. 
 
 33- Japan stachyurus. 
 
 34. Round-leaved or vine 
 
 maple. 
 
 35. Sycamore maple. 
 
 36. Norway maple. 
 
 37. False 1 indigo. 
 
 38. Japan maple. 
 
 39. Japan pagoda tree. 
 
 40. Camperdown elm. 
 
 41. New American willow. 
 
 42. European purple beech. 
 
 (Leaves very dark 
 crimson-purple.) 
 
 43. Austrian pine. 
 
 44. Californian privet. 
 
 45. Kentucky coffee tree. 
 
 46. Kcelreuteria. 
 
 47. Bayberry or wax myrtle. 
 
 48. Arrowwood. 
 
 49. We'eping European 
 
 beech. 
 
 50. Golden barked Babylon- 
 
 tan or weeping willow. 
 
 51. Pin oak or swamp Span- 
 
 ish oak. 
 
 52. Black oak. 
 
 53. Umbrella tree. 
 
 54. Soulange's magnolia. 
 
 55. Weeping bald cypress. 
 
 56. Ailanthus or tree of 
 
 Heaven. 
 
 57. Japan snowball. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 Negundo aceroides. 
 
 Tilia Europaea, var. argent ca 
 
 (or alba}. 
 
 Cratcegus oxyacantha. 
 Forsythia viridissima. 
 Cladrastis tinctona. 
 Caragana arborescens. 
 Salisburia adiantifolia. 
 Stachyurus pracox. 
 Acer citcinatum. 
 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 
 Acer platanoides. 
 
 Amor p ha fructicosa. 
 
 Acer polymorphum. 
 
 Soph or a Japonic a. 
 
 Ulmus montana, var. Cam' 
 
 pcrdownii pendula. 
 Salix purpurca, var. pendula. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. atropur- 
 
 purca. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 Ligustrum ovalifoliu in. 
 Gymnocladus Canadensis. 
 Kcelreuteria paniculata. 
 Myrica cerifera. 
 Viburnum dentatum. 
 Fagus sylvatica } var. pendula. 
 
 Sali.v Babylonica, var. ramu- 
 
 lis aureis. 
 Quercus palustris. 
 
 Quercus coccinea, var. tinc- 
 
 toria. 
 
 Magnolia umbrella. 
 Magnolia Soulangeana. 
 Taxodium distichum, var. 
 
 pendulum. 
 Ailanthus glandulosus. 
 
 Viburnum plicatuin. 
 
COMMON NAMF 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 58. Aucuba-leaved ash. 
 
 59. Josika lilac or chionan- 
 
 thus (fringe tree) 
 leaved lilac. Purple 
 flowers). 
 
 60. Dwarf mountain sumac. 
 
 61. European mountain-ash 
 
 or Rowan tree. 
 
 62. Purple leaved Norway 
 
 maple. 
 
 63. Maple of Northern 
 
 China. 
 
 64. Black cherry. 
 
 65. Pyramid oak. 
 
 66. Common locust. 
 
 67. European spindle tree. 
 
 68. French tamarisk. 
 
 69. Bay or laurel-leaved wil- 
 
 low. 
 
 70. Common elder and false 
 
 indigo. (Intermin- 
 gled). 
 
 71. Lombardy poplar. 
 
 72. Reeve's spiraea. 
 
 73. Common buckthorn. 
 
 74. American or white elm. 
 
 75. Scotch elm. 
 
 76. European white birch. 
 
 77. Willow oak. 
 
 78. American basswood. 
 
 79. Ring-leaved or curled- 
 
 leaved willow. 
 
 80. Salmon barked willow. 
 
 81. Dwarf Japan catalpa. 
 
 82. White mulberry. 
 
 83. Scarlet fruited thorn. 
 
 84. Scentless mock orange or 
 
 syringa. 
 
 85. Black haw. 
 
 86. Oval-leaved variety of 
 
 the cockspur thorn, 
 
 Fraxinus Americana, var. 
 
 auctibce folia. 
 Syringa Josikaa. 
 
 Rhus copallina. 
 Pyrus aucuparia. 
 
 Acer platanoidcs, var. Gene- 
 va. 
 Acer truncatum. 
 
 Prunus scrotina. 
 
 Quercus robur, var. fasti- 
 
 giata. 
 
 Robinia pseudacacia. 
 Euonymus Europaus. 
 Tamarix Gallica. 
 Salix pentandra (or Lauri- 
 
 folia). 
 Sambucus Canadensis and 
 
 Amorpha fructicosa. 
 
 Populus dilatata. 
 
 Spircca Reevesiana. 
 
 Rhamnus cathartica. 
 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 
 Ulmus montana. 
 
 Betula alba. 
 
 Quercus phellos. 
 
 Tilia A m erica na. 
 
 Salix Babylonica, var. annu- 
 
 laris. 
 Salix alba, var. vitellina Brit- 
 
 zensis. 
 
 Catalpa Bungei. 
 Morus alba. 
 Cratcegus coccinca. 
 Philadelphus inodorus. 
 
 Viburnum prunifolium. 
 Cratagus criis-galli, var, 
 ovalifolia, 
 
132 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 87. Bush Dentzia. 
 
 88. Standish's honeysuckle. 
 
 89. Japan quince. 
 
 90. English hawthorn (Pink 
 
 flowers). 
 
 91. European linden. 
 
 92. Small leaved European 
 
 linden. 
 
 93. Tartarian honeysuckle. 
 
 (Pure white fragrant 
 flowers.) 
 
 94. Dwarf mountain sumac. 
 
 95. Mountain maple. 
 
 96. Bur or mossy cup oak. 
 
 97. Paper mulberry. 
 
 98. Japan silver fir. 
 
 99. Smooth alder. 
 
 100. English oak. 
 
 101. Alternate-leaved dog- 
 
 wood. 
 
 102. Cedar of Lebanon. 
 
 103. Bladder senna. 
 
 104. Sweet viburnum or 
 
 sheepberry. 
 
 105. Hybrid variety of the 
 
 tender leaved haw- 
 thorn. 
 
 106. Umbel-flowered oleaster. 
 
 107. Weir's cut-leaved silver 
 
 maple. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Deutzia crcnata. 
 Lonicera Standishii. 
 Cydonia Japonica. -. 
 
 Cratccgus oxyacantha. 
 
 Tilia Europcca. 
 
 Tilia Europaa, var. parvi- 
 
 folia. 
 Lonicera Tartarica, var. alba. 
 
 Rhus copallina. 
 Acer spicatum. 
 Quercus macrocarpa. 
 Broussonctia papyrifera. 
 Abies fir ma. 
 Alnus scrrulata. 
 Quercus robur. 
 Cornus alternifolia. 
 
 Cedrus Libani. 
 Colutea arborescens. 
 Viburnum lentago. 
 
 Var. Cratccgus tcnui folia. 
 
 Elccagnus umbellata. 
 Acer dasycarpum, var. Wcirii 
 laciniatum. 
 
IX. 
 
 FOUKTH SUMMER HOUSE TO BREEZE HILL. 
 
 On the extreme south-westerly peninsula of the 
 Large Lake stands the fourth little Summer House or 
 rustic shelter. It is charmingly set, half hidden by 
 winding ways along whose wanderings the summer 
 leaves whisper delightfully to every breeze that steals 
 in from the Lake. From its ever open windows you 
 can see the noble ridge of Lookout Hill and the sil- 
 vering sheet of the Lake dancing to fresh breezes or 
 perhaps stilled to a half-slumbrous dream, with quiet 
 shadows glassed about the coves or just rippling 
 enough to float across to your eye the dazzling flash 
 of sparkling sun stars shot from the edges of tiny 
 waves. Far over on the large Peninsula the weeping 
 willows drape their vails of green, the miniature 
 yachts careen and bend and sway, weaving and inter- 
 weaving mysterious courses and all about you, as you 
 sit here with your book, the birds call, the insects 
 sing and the breeze sends dancing shadows of leaves 
 to and fro over the floor and over the rustic beams 
 of the shelter. 
 
 But let us start on our ramble. At the left of 
 the Fourth Summer House, as we take the path, 
 stands a pretty young European white birch, and be- 
 yond it a sturdy English cork-bark elm which in early 
 
134 
 
 
 
 spring is covered along its corky-ridged branches, 
 with closely bunched clusters of purplish flowers. Very 
 near the end of the right hand branch of the Walk, 
 tall and conspicuously set on the edge of the peninsula's 
 shore, a beautiful cucumber tree lifts up its rather py- 
 ramidal form. I have often admired the tree, whether in 
 ^autumn when it turns a beautiful light fawn color or 
 in the dead of winter when it flings out the bravery 
 of its light-gray branches, trimmed with the warm 
 furry buds that proclaim the magnolia family, or in 
 late May or early June when it sets its yellowish green 
 flowers of six petals through the shades of its pointed 
 leaves. If you get its autumn hues across the sleep- 
 ing waters here, you will not soon forget the sight. 
 
 In the angle of the fork of the Walk, stands a 
 willow-leaved variety of the European flowering ash, 
 with long willow-like compound leaves and squat 
 trunk of brittle gray. Just across the Walk from it, 
 on the left of the path are some noble European sil- 
 ver lindens, easily known by their smooth satin-gray 
 bark, and cordate leaves, dark green above and sil- 
 very white beneath. 
 
 Very close to the water near the spot where the 
 cove comes up to spread its silver near the Walk, 
 stands a tall, straight-limbed tree with compound leaves 
 and bark that says "ash" very strongly. In it, I sup- 
 pose you have recognized a fine type of the Fraxinus 
 excelsior or European ash, for such it is. See how 
 closely the leaflets set to the leaf stem, and if you have 
 nothing better to do when you are rambling in the 
 Park in early spring, watch for the bloom of this 
 
135 
 
 tree. It throws down several convenient branches, and 
 if you want to get a good, close view of its flow- 
 ers, you will find it given most generally by this tree. 
 It fairly spouts flowers. Look for them along in 
 late April. 
 
 A step or so onward and our path takes a turn 
 to the right, follows the lake shore and, skirting the 
 southern side of Lookout Hill, runs around the large 
 Peninsula, over Terrace Bridge to Breeze Hill. 
 
 As we swing around to the right and walk under 
 the leafy canopies of dancing leaves, and watch the 
 shifting fantasia of light and shade in the play of 
 the brilliant sunshine, we find a beautiful English 
 hawthorn standing on the left of the Walk about 
 half way along the border of a little island of shrub- 
 bery which has come to rest in the inter-twinings of 
 this admirably wrought landscape gardening. You 
 know it at once by its deeply cut leaf and fine thorns. 
 But have you seen it bloom. If not come to it in 
 May, and look upon the loveliness of its rich red 
 flowers. It makes a fairy picture then. Right across 
 from it, due south, on the border of the Walk, is a 
 hawthorn of very different leaf. This is the black 
 or pear hawthorn, and its leaves are tough and leath- 
 ery when fully grown, oval or ovate-oblong. They 
 have a characteristic feature, especially noticeable, i. e., 
 of having the upper sides of the leaves impressed 
 along the larger ribs or veins. The fruit of this haw- 
 thorn is about half an inch long, obovate or globose, 
 and when ripe, dull red. On the seeds you will find 
 furrows on the outer sides. 
 
136 
 
 The path runs on, following the lake border, lead- 
 ing through leafy bowers, with ever changing vistas 
 of water and islands that have come to anchor here, 
 making witching nooks, and quiet, dreaming bays, over 
 which the enamoured trees lean and caress with droop- 
 ing branches. As you pass along, if it be in June, 
 you will find the lovely Laburnum, letting down chains 
 of golden bloom, which show very conspicuously 
 amid its light green leaves. But if it is not in flower, 
 you can know it by its alternate palmate leaves of 
 three leaflets. Its leaf is very beautiful, soft and 
 tender, and of a lovely shade of green. Its flowers 
 develop into pods about two inches long which are 
 ripe in autumn. You will find this laburnum easi- 
 ly, on the right of the Walk, a little further than half 
 way to where the Walk next meets the water. On 
 the left of the Walk, about opposite it, is a tall tree 
 alder, which you know at once by its black alder 
 "cones," all over its branches and its roundish ovate, 
 leaf cut in at the top. 
 
 Where the Walk next comes close to the water's 
 edge stand Kaelreuteria, on the right, and false in- 
 digo on the left, as you face the water. Back of 
 the false indigo is a fine fringe tree with wide-reach- 
 ing branches and a splendid outburst of white fringe- 
 like bloom in June. Turning again and passing on, at 
 the next meeting of Walk and water, you will find 
 quite a large clump of the Hercules's Club or Devil's 
 Walking Stick. Just beyond it is another pear or 
 black hawthorn and across the Walk from it, on your 
 left as you face toward Lookout Hill, stands smoke 
 
137 
 
 tree. Close by the Walk, on the left, just beyond 
 the smoke tree are many fine bushes of the Physo- 
 carpus or ninebark, and beyond , these, near the Drive 
 crossing, large spreading bushes of the fragrant hon- 
 eysuckle. 
 
 In the corner of the open space of Walk here, as 
 you go on, at your right, a well grown shadbush hangs 
 its small, finely serrated leaves over the waters, and 
 on the rounded turn of the Walk, still on the right, 
 you will find the cut-leaved variety of the weeping 
 European white birch. See how beautifully its leaves 
 are incised. A little further on is ash-leaved maple 
 and then weeping European silver linden and Eu- 
 ropean silver linden side by side. Not many steps 
 onward and you meet another English hawthorn, which 
 in May covers itself with the loveliest of pink .double 
 flowers. 
 
 Again the path comes down close to the Lake, and 
 at the corner of the bank, where the sward narrows 
 handsome clumps of the sturdy Forsythia hold up 
 the shining lances of their beautiful leaves. In early 
 spring they are among the first to set their golden 
 bells a-chiming and they are rich sights if you get 
 them reflected in the stream. Right back of this open 
 space of walk, on the grass, between the Walk and the 
 Drive, are several young yellow-woods. 
 
 As you go on, interesting studies of things botanical 
 come thick and fast, now, all along the line of march, 
 and we would feign linger over them at length, but 
 space does not permit. I can only give you the hint, 
 the filling out of which you must do yourself. On 
 
138 
 
 the right, close by the water's edge, stands a large 
 bush with several strong branches rising and spread- 
 ing out over the Walk and the water, its smaller 
 branches set with alternate, pinnate leaves, of four 
 to six pairs of oval-oblong pointed leaflets. In it 
 you have no doubt already recognized the Siberian 
 pea tree, for such it is. A little while ago it was 
 of beautiful form, but it has been sadly broken. 
 
 On the left of the Walk, opposite the Siberian pea 
 tree are some ginkgo trees which you can easily iden- 
 tify by their fan-shaped leaves and branches, which 
 seem to lean out from the main trunk at angles of 
 forty-five degrees. The ginkgo tree has also a dis- 
 tinguishing light gray bark. If you know the maiden 
 hair fern, you must see at once why this tree is called 
 adiantifolia, the genus name of the maiden hair be- 
 ing Adiantum. In the first frost of autumn, the gink- 
 go tree does not change its foliage all at 
 once, but little by little, with soft, yellow tints 
 which deepen gradually inward from the margin of 
 the leaves. The effect is that of ruffle on ruffle, like 
 lace, all through the tree. Its name ginkgo is de- 
 rived from the Japanese ginko or ginkgo, Chinese 
 yin-hing, meaning silver apricot. If you have ever 
 seen its fruit after it has been thoroughly dried, you 
 know how well this name applies. There is one gink- 
 go tree in the Park, which bears fruit every year and if 
 you wish to see it, you will find it on the left of 
 Endale Arch, as you go from the Long Meadow 
 to Plaza Entrance. The fruit looks not unlike a 
 light yellow plum, but it has anything but a plum-like 
 
smell. Indeed, its smell is something to keep far 
 away from. 
 
 In between the ginkgo trees and to the left of 
 them, you will find several bushes of the beautiful 
 Japan Stachyums. This bush takes its name from 
 the Greek stachys, a spike and our a, a tail, referring 
 to the form of its catkins. In the late days of March 
 or early April, you may chance to be passing here 
 and if you do, you must not overlook these bushes, 
 for then they are hung full of beautiful bell-like flow- 
 ers, drooping with great grace, in long axillary racemes 
 or spikes. Days before the flowers break open, you will 
 perhaps have noticed the long, conspicuous flower buds 
 hanging thickly from the axils of its leaves. 
 
 Passing along, by the border of the Walk, on the 
 left, very near to a silver maple and a sycamore ma- 
 ple, stands a well grown tree with plump trunk, rather 
 light grayish-brown bark, and leaves so beautifully 
 cut you love to stop and linger under their soft, light 
 green, to admire their fineness. These leaves are 
 round and deeply cut into long, slender pointed lobes. 
 You probably recognize by them the Acer circinatum 
 or round-leaved maple. 
 
 A little further on, with short trunk, and harsh, 
 knobby, knotty, heavily ridged branches, you come 
 upon another cork-bark elm, and about opposite to 
 it, by the water's edge are large clumps of the false 
 indigo. Along the Walk a short stretch, and you 
 find a handsome Japan maple, on the left, and just 
 across the Walk from it, Japan pagoda tree or Sophora 
 Japonica, Then come more ginkgo trees and at a 
 
140 
 
 point about opposite the end of the green "island'' 
 by the Drive, you pass, on your left, quite a cluster 
 of sophoras. These trees' leaves may make you 
 think of the locust. They belong to the same (Legunt- 
 inoscz or pulse) family, flowering in great panicles of 
 cream white in late July or early August and the 
 flowers develop into long chain-like pods of glossy 
 dark green. 
 
 Down by the water's edge, about opposite the group 
 of sophoras just spoken of, you will find Camper- 
 down elm, a fine European purple beech, with leaves 
 of a deep dark crimson-purple, and further on, a small 
 graceful tree of umbrella-like form, with a fine rain 
 of slender branches decked with small, narrow, light 
 gray green leaves. This tree is the New American 
 Willow, a weeping variety of the purple willow, 
 grafted on the stock of the goat willow. Its effect is 
 full of exquisite grace. Following the bend of the 
 shore, you meet, a little beyond, a goodly cluster of 
 Austrian pines, all doing well and all showing off 
 very handsomely the thick, heavy dark green foliage 
 which is their glory. 
 
 If you come back to the Walk now, on your left, 
 and a few feet beyond the point opposite the cluster 
 of Austrian pines just spoken of you pass a well set 
 group of Kcclreuteria, and at the very point where 
 the greensward narrows down to meet the Drive at 
 crossing, stands a fine young Kentucky coffee tree 
 which you readily recognize by its scaly bark and 
 leaves twice pinnately compound. Across the Drive 
 here, at the extreme point made by the fork of its two 
 
141 
 
 branches (one leading to Sixteenth Street Entrance 
 and the other turning to the right to go around the 
 Large Lake and so on to Terrace Bridge) stands, 
 I believe, the most perfect type of Austrian pine in 
 the Park. It is nobly set and rolls out its girth 
 against the sky in all the glory of its strength. You 
 cannot mistake it, for it is the only tree on the little 
 point of greensward between the Walk and the two 
 Drives. At the right hand corner of the Walk back 
 of this handsome Austrian pine, close by the Drive' 
 stands a rich clump of Californian privet, very lusty 
 and glossy in the full sunshine of a fair day. 
 
 But we will keep on along the path that wanders 
 by the side of the Lake. As you pass along, when 
 you have come to a point about opposite a spot half- 
 way between the clump of Californian privet above 
 spoken of, and a lamp-post on the Drive, down at your 
 right, between you and the water, but nearer the 
 Walk than the water, you will find a shrub with lance- 
 oblong leaves. If you rub them with your fingers 
 and then smell of your fingers, you will be surprised to 
 find what a fragrance you have drawn from the leaves. 
 It is an aroma once known you will never forget. 
 The leaves are mostly entire, that is with margins 
 not serrated or cut, and, as the season advances, 
 grow glossy on the upper sides. Clustered in a no- 
 ticeable way along its branches, you will find the berry 
 which has given this shrub its name bayberry or 
 wax myrtle. The berries show quite plainly, clus- 
 tered close together in little bunches. They are not 
 
142 
 
 very large, smaller than small peas, and are thickly 
 crusted over with greenish-white wax. 
 
 Just beyond the bushes of wax myrtle you will 
 find some elegant clumps of the arrow wood or Vibur- 
 num dentatum which you at once recognize by their 
 saw-cut leaves. Another Californian privet stands a few 
 feet from the arrowwood, closer to the Walk, looking 
 very elegant with its dark green, lance-elliptic leaves 
 and stiffish outshooting branches. This privet turns 
 in the autumn, a rich indigo-bronze. The Californian 
 privet is quite different from the* so-called common 
 privet, (Ligitstrum vulgare). The latter has a much 
 smaller leaf, not so elliptic in shape, and of a bluish 
 or bottle green color. You will find specimens of 
 both kinds side by side, further on, very near the 
 fork of the Walk, beyond the Artesian Well. But 
 that is getting ahead of our story. As you stand 
 beside the Californian privet just spoken of, look 
 across, at your left, to the noble fountain-fall of 
 leafspray dropped and suddenly held by some enchant- 
 ment in mid-air which that magnificent weeping Eu- 
 ropean beech holds for you over on the slopes of 
 Lookout Hill. Is it not a beauty! Watch it when 
 the breeze stirs it into rippling light. Silver flows 
 down its glossy leaves in spangling flashes and if you 
 come near to it, your ear will be refreshed with the 
 cool whispering of its leafy music. 
 
 The Walk bends gracefully here to the right and 
 sweeps around the base of Lookout Hill toward the 
 Peninsula. Not far from the spot marked "culvert" 
 on the sectional diagram, yon will find a golden 
 
143 
 
 barked variety of the Babylonian or weeping willow. 
 In winter its twigs turn a rich, strong yellow, and 
 its falling rain of trailing branches makes it like a 
 golden vail. 
 
 Across the Drive, a little diagonally opposite the 
 culvert stands a lamp-post, a little to the west of 
 which are more clumps of Californian privet, and to 
 the east of it, set off at about equal distances from 
 each other, you will find handsome young growths 
 of the Magnolia Soulangeana. One of the trees in 
 the clump here, the second, by the Drive, beyond the 
 lamp-post, is an umbrella tree which you recognize 
 by its large leaves hanging in true umbrella-like form 
 at the ends of its branches. 
 
 Beyond the umbrella-tree, on the right of the Walk, 
 you pass a lusty young weeping bald cypress. Ex- 
 amine its rather chain-like growth of leaves and see 
 how different they are from the flat leaf sprays of 
 the bald cypress itself. The characteristic look of 
 the weeping bald cypress is plume-like. Its branches 
 appearing to arch gently outwards. Both trees have 
 their own expressions and each h equally fine in its 
 way. In some of the botanies, you will find the weep- 
 ing bald cypress referred to as Glyptostrobus Sinen- 
 sis, var. pendulus (weeping Chinese cypress). You 
 can always tell it by its close, rather chain-like growth 
 of leaves. 
 
 As you follow the lake side, not far from the Arte- 
 sian Well, you will find a couple of young weeping 
 European white birches drooping slender vails of beau- 
 tifully cut leaves. The bark of these trees is red- 
 
144 
 
 dish white against the steel-blue of the Lake. Over 
 by the Artesian Well is a magnificent display of lilacs 
 of over eighty different varieties. A little north-west 
 of the lamp-post, which stands by the Drive, west 
 of the Artesian Well, a good specimen of the ailanthus 
 has taken firm stand. 
 
 Beyond the Artesian Well, the Walk branches into 
 two forks. One, the left hand, follows on by the side 
 of the Drive, and crosses Terrace Bridge to Breeze 
 Hill. The other slopes gently down to the right and 
 searches the most delightful arcades of greenery, the 
 lovely nooks of the Peninsula.. If you love light and 
 the shine of things green, the breath of dew and the 
 song of birds, come here in June, early in the morn- 
 ing, when the gold of the sunlight is illuminating 
 all the paths with an ever changing dance of sunbeams ; 
 when the grasses are all bending with the silver of 
 the dew and sparkling diamond drops from their arch- 
 ing tips. The robins run over the new mown lawn, 
 stop a bit to stare at yon and then run on. The golden 
 bee is already abroad brushing the moist lips of fra- 
 grant flowers and the quiet air is broken by the splash 
 of leaping fish in the Lake, feeding along the dream- 
 ing coves. 
 
 We take the right hand fork and go down to the 
 Peninsula. In its fork is Japan snowball, with easily 
 distinguishable folded or plicated leaf, generally round 
 but often longer than broad. Just as you have started 
 to follow the path over the lovely green stretches of 
 the Peninsula, you pass, on your left, a sweet viburnum 
 which vou can know at once bv its verv finelv ser- 
 
145 
 
 rated leaves. The Walk goes on to another fork and 
 just before you come to that branch, there are some 
 interesting things off to your right. If you have 
 learned to know the yellow-wood in your park ram- 
 bles, with its smooth, light gray bark and compound 
 leaves of rather roundish leaflets, you will find three 
 of them here almost in a line with each other, parallel 
 with the Walk. Clustered close together just back 
 of the central of the three yellow-woods, you will 
 find some very interesting bushes with leaves which 
 make you think of dogwood. But they are not dog- 
 woods by any means. Look along the branchlets 
 for the thorns you should find terminating them. 
 These will give you the clue to their identification. 
 They are good specimens of the common buckthorn, 
 healthy and doing well. Look at their ovate leaves 
 closely and you will see that they are finely serrate. 
 The flowers of these shrubs are very small, greenish, 
 four parted, scarcely noticeable, in clusters in the 
 axils of the leaves, and they develop into small, black 
 berries, which are ripe in September. 
 
 Near the Miniature Yacht Club House, a little to 
 the left of it, you will find not far from an American 
 elm, a young willow oak. You can easily identify 
 it by its narrow-lanceolate leaves, which have their 
 margins entire or nearly so. They look very willow- 
 like, especially when young. Then they are scurfy 
 and light green, but they soon grow smooth. 
 
 In the center of the Peninsula the Walk forks into 
 a double set of branches, forming a kind of oblique 
 cross. One of these forks wanders by several devious 
 
146 
 
 ways, down to the very end of the Peninsula. Let 
 us go down with it. As you proceed, you pass Cali- 
 fornian privet, on your left, and at the point of the 
 fork, on your right, Scotch elm and American bass- 
 wood. On the point of this island of shrubbery that 
 now meets you on your left is a good clump of dwarf 
 Japan catalpas. Following down the right hand path- 
 way embracing this island of shrubbery set in the 
 encircling walk, you will find white mulberry, easily 
 known by its glossy three shapes of leaves, and a 
 fine scarlet fruited thorn. Another little island of 
 shrubbery meets us as we go on, and we take the 
 left branch of the Walk. Then we pass, on our right, 
 beginning at the end of this island, ginkgo tree, known 
 easily by its fan-shaped leaves, fringe tree, more gink- 
 go trees, yellow-wood, small leaved European linden, 
 and Japan pagoda tree at the far or eastern end of 
 this "island." On your left hand you have passed up to 
 this point, English hawthorn, which bears beautiful 
 pink flowers in May, Japan quince on the westerly 
 point of another island of shrubbery set in here, then 
 two fine yellow-woods with smooth gray bark, then 
 gingko tree again and Standish's honeysuckle on the 
 easterly end of this "island," just opposite the Japan 
 pagoda tree on the easterly end of the other "island.'* 
 We are through the "islands," so gracefully set in 
 the paths here, and the Walk loiters on in easy wind- 
 ings to the extreme end of the Peninsula. If you 
 go on with it, you find two pretty black haws a little 
 further along, standing about opposite each other, 
 and beyond these, on your right, as you go easterly, 
 
147 
 
 you will find a very beautifully leaved hawthorn stand- 
 ing modestly by the bend of the path as it makes its 
 last turn, which is to the right. This is a hybrid of the 
 Crataegns tcnufolia. Beyond it is Californian privet, 
 and, at the very end of the Walk, a beautiful hawthorn 
 with dark oval glossy green shining leaves and large 
 thorns. This is the oval leaved variety of the cock- 
 spur thorn and in its way it is a little beauty. 
 
 Let us turn around now and go back, but instead of 
 quite retracing our steps, follow the right hand border 
 of the path until it meets the Walk which comes from 
 under Terrace Bridge. About opposite the Japan 
 pagoda trees, which we passed on the way down, you 
 will see a good bush Dentzia. Beyond the Dcutzia is 
 Koclreuteria. Right out across from these, if you care 
 to push through the grass to the water's edge, you will 
 find two specimens of the umbel-flowered oleas- 
 ter (Elccagnus uinbcllata). You cannot miss them. 
 Their leaves are elliptic or oblong ovate, crisped about 
 the margins and silvery white on the undersides, often 
 marked with a few brown scales. Having taken a de- 
 tour to see these, we go on, following the right hand 
 border of the Walk. 
 
 Near the spot where the Walk conies down close to 
 the water, there are some interesting things to pause 
 over for a few moments at least. If you stop at the 
 middle of the open stretch of path, and face the water, 
 due north, you will have upon your right two beautiful 
 English hawthorns, one of them bearing light reddish 
 or pink flowers in May. On your left, very close to the 
 water are some salmon barked varieties of the white 
 
148 
 
 willow. You see that they have the leaf of the variety 
 vitellina (the golden willow), but their barks are very 
 different from that of vitellina, as you will see if you 
 come to them in the winter. As winter approaches 
 these trees change their barks first to brassy gold, then 
 to pink and then to crimson-pink. Next, to the left 
 of the salmon-barked willows, standing a little back 
 from the Walk is a very peculiar looking sapling, with 
 leaves curiously curled and twisted into ring-like 
 wreathings. This is the curled-leaved or ring-leaved 
 willow, and it is a variety of the weeping willow. 
 
 If you turn to the west now and follow the path's 
 right hand border, it will lead you around the shore 
 of a little arm of the Lake nestled here. When you 
 come to a point where it (the Walk) makes its last 
 junction before meeting the path from under Terrace 
 Bridge, you will find three fine clumps of the Reeve's 
 spiraea. Back of them stands a golden barked weeping 
 willow. Side by side, on the point that juts from the 
 shore just back of the willow are two fine specimens of 
 the Lombardy poplar. 
 
 Continuing along the path, which has turned from a 
 westerly to a northerly direction, you pass golden 
 barked weeping willow, common elder, false indigo. 
 Then comes an open stretch and laurel-leaved willow, 
 glossy and shining; false indigo again, mixed in with 
 Cornus stolonifera; and then French tamarisk. Just 
 beyond the last fork of the Walk you should notice the 
 fine cluster of European spindle trees which stand 
 grouped together in cozy gatherings on the right of 
 the Walk. They make a fine showing in the frosty 
 days of early autumn with their brilliant crimson fruits, 
 
149 
 
 the husks of which curl back and show the orange 
 tinted seeds. 
 
 Now we turn at the last fork, sharply to the left and 
 go up the Walk that climbs the hill to meet the Walk 
 beside the Drive which passes over Terrace Bridge. 
 Just as this path joins the drive walk, there is a very 
 beautiful cluster of European mountain-ashes. Just 
 before you come to these, notice on your right, the 
 handsome little maple standing near one of them. You 
 will find it easily by its leaves which are chiefly five 
 lobed with the lobes acuminate. The leaves have a 
 rather truncate base. It is one of the rarest maples 
 in cultivation and is the Acer truncatum or maple of 
 Northern China. 
 
 As you meet the drive walk, turn to your right and 
 follow it over Terrace Bridge. Notice on your right 
 as you go along the handsome dark-purple-leaved va- 
 riety "Geneva," of the Norway maple. Don't mis- 
 take this for the Schwedler's maple. You will find ex- 
 cellent specimens of the Schwedler's maple as you 
 enter the Park from Ocean Avenue. They stand on the 
 Walk in front of the right hand path as you enter the 
 Park. The Schwedler's leaf is larger and turns green- 
 ish as the season advances. Further along the drive 
 path, you pass black cherry and as you come near Ter- 
 race Bridge, a small oak tree of noticeably pyramidal 
 form. It is the pyramid oak and its leaves tell you 
 that it is a variety of the English oak. Beside the pyra- 
 mid oak, nearer the Bridge, you find common locust. 
 
 Across the Bridge, just back of the lamp-post which 
 stands as a beacon by the pathside, the rich glossy 
 
stem-winged leaves of the dwarf mountain sumac de- 
 tain your eye. How lovely they are in autumn when 
 the frost sets them glowing in rich cool crimsons. The 
 staghorn and the smooth sumacs turn a bright brilliant 
 scarlet crimson, but the copallina, smoulders with a less 
 intense flame and holds its fire longer. Down the hill- 
 side a little, at your right you will find not far from the 
 winding Walk that creeps out from under the Bridge 
 and loiters easily along the lake border of Breeze Hill, 
 a pretty young mountain maple, with leaves of three 
 (sometimes five, but rarely) coarsely serrate lobes and 
 base slightly cordate. The lobes are taper pointed. 
 If you are passing this shrub in June, look for its deli- 
 cate spikes or panicles of greenish yellow flowers. 
 Below the mountain maple, close by the Walk, you 
 will find tiger's tail spruce (Pice a polita) with leaves 
 stiff enough to identify it easily. Coming back to 
 the Walk beside the Drive, in the fork of 
 the Walk just beyond the lamp-post, stands a bush 
 of the white flowered variety of the Tartarian honey- 
 suckle and if you follow on to the Old Fashioned 
 Flower Garden which crowns the summit of Breeze 
 Hill you pass, about half way there, a little off from 
 the Walk, at your right, a lusty young specimen of the 
 Japan silver fir. It is about four or five feet high, 
 with strong stiff branches and leaves of marked indi- 
 viduality. You cannot mistake them. They are about 
 one inch long and grow very closely two-ranked with 
 a noticeable twist at the base where they join the 
 branch. Moreover they are distinctly notched at the 
 ends, are smooth dark green on the upper sides and 
 rather silvery beneath. 
 
A kind of mushroom shaped shelter has taken up 
 its abode near the westerly end of the Old Fashioned 
 Flower Garden and about opposite it are several noble 
 Kentucky coffee trees, glorying in scaly bark and 
 sweeping foliage. Beside the more easterly of this 
 group you will find an interesting shrub, bladder 
 senna. You can know it by its compound leaves, made 
 up of from seven to eleven oval and somewhat trun- 
 cate leaflets. In summer it hangs full of yellow flowers 
 which change into peculiar bladder-like pods. 
 
 Go back a little now to the spot where you found 
 the white Tartarian honeysuckle and follow the right 
 hand fork of the Walk which goes down the mid-slope 
 of the hill. Not far from the junction of the Walk, a 
 stalwart old mossy-cup or bur oak, hangs over your 
 head, from the right of the Walk, large leaves with 
 characteristic deep sinuses about opposite each other 
 near the middle of the leaf, plainly speaking "macro- 
 carpa." If you have never seen the acorns of this oak 
 make haste to find one and see how it frouzles all over 
 the nut, with a twisted fringe that in many cases quite 
 covers the acorn. This feature has given it the name 
 overcup oak and well does it merit it. 
 
 Directly down the slope of the hill from the bur oak 
 on the path below the one you now stand on, near 
 a point where the Walk comes close to the water, you 
 will find, if you take a run down there, some very well 
 grown young paper mulberry trees. The paper mul- 
 berry has a very characteristic bark and when you get 
 to know it, you can pick it out quite a little distance 
 away. Its bark is a light pinkish gray and at intervals 
 
152 
 
 along its stem it is marked with darker tinges of 
 gray, which give you the idea of bands put around the 
 trunk. But if the bark fails to fix it for you, look at 
 the ovate or heart-shaped leaves, which are lobed va- 
 riously, like the usual mulberry leaves, mitten form, 
 with the thumb on either side or perhaps both thumbs 
 on the same mitten. The leaves are very rough on 
 the uppersides but soft and downy on the undersides. 
 The flowers of this tree are not very striking. They 
 occur in inconspicuous greenish catkins in the spring. 
 On old trees the leaves are scarcely lobed at all. 
 
 Push on from the paper mulberries a little and strike 
 off from the path to the lake border. At a point there, 
 about opposite the Japan silver fir, on the upper Walk 
 of the hill, you will be delighted to see a good speci- 
 men of the smooth alder. Its little black "cones" hang- 
 ing all through it tell you it is "alder" and its thick, 
 finely serrate, smooth leaves, green on both sides, tell 
 you it is the Alnus serrulata. The leaf is obovate in 
 shape, acute at the base, but its margin is very finely 
 serrate. 
 
 Go up the hill again now to the middle path and 
 see if you can find the alternate-leaved dogwood which 
 stands near the Walk a little way along. You will 
 know it first of all by its alternate leaves. But its 
 bark, quite different from that of the flowering dog- 
 wood, is ashy gray. Its leaves are noticeably taper 
 pointed. If you are passing near here in late May, 
 you may see its flowers, in large white flat cymes. 
 These change into bright blue berries on reddish stalks. 
 
153 
 
 This dogwood stands about opposite a fine English oak 
 on the other side of the Walk. 
 
 A little south-west of the alternate-leaved dogwood 
 you will see a pine tree that looks something like an 
 Austrian pine, but you can tell at once that it is of 
 finer, more elegant appearance. Its leaves are longer 
 and much more slender than those of the Austrian 
 pine. If you will examine these leaves with your 
 hand-glass you will see that they are concave on the 
 undersides and convex on the outer. The pine is 
 Japan pine (Pinus densiflora) t and its long, slender 
 leaves give its branches a sweeping, rich look quite 
 different from the stiff bunching appearance of the 
 Austrian. 
 
 Just beyond the English oak, opposite the alternate- 
 leaved dogwood, spoken of above, stands an exceed- 
 ingly interesting tree which will be the last we consider 
 in this ramble. It is a young Cedar of Lebanon and it 
 is flourishing in true form. You will know it at once 
 by its fine feathery look. If you examine its foliage 
 closely, you will see that its needles are rather rigid, 
 of a deep green color and gathered together in pretty 
 rosette-like fascicles or bundles along the branches. 
 The leaves look larch-like, but they are evergreen 
 while larches are deciduous. Notice also the straight 
 out horizontal reach of the whorled branches and the 
 little upward tilting of the terminal branches. It is 
 a beautiful young tree and it is to be hoped that it will 
 do as nobly as its kinsman Cedrus, the Cedrus Atlantlca 
 over on the north-eastern slope of Lookout Hill. 
 

Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 10 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Josika or fringe-tree- 
 
 leaved lilac. 
 
 2. Bush Deutzia. 
 
 3. Camperdown elm. 
 
 4. Tree box or boxwood. 
 
 5. Bhotan pine. 
 
 6. Polish juniper. 
 
 7. Hemlock. 
 
 8. Gregory's Norway 
 
 spruce. 
 
 9. Large-flowered syringa. 
 
 10. Silver maple. 
 
 11. Japan quince. 
 
 12. White-stamened syringa. 
 
 13. Rhododendrons. (Vari- 
 
 ous kinds.) 
 
 14. Mountain laurel. 
 
 15. Common elder. 
 
 16. Fly honeysuckle. 
 
 17. Japan mahonia or ash- 
 
 berry. 
 
 18. Mugho pine. 
 
 19. European or English 
 
 yew. 
 
 20. Rhododendron. (Rosy 
 
 lilac colored flowers.) 
 
 21. Red maple. 
 
 22. Common sweet pepper 
 
 bush. 
 
 23. English field maple. 
 
 24. Sugar maple. 
 
 25. Tree box or boxwood. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 Syringa Josikaa. 
 
 Deutzia crcnata. 
 
 Ulmus montana, var. Cam- 
 
 perdownii pendula. 
 Bu.rus semperi'inens. 
 Pinus excelsa. 
 Juniperus communis, var. 
 
 Cracovia. 
 
 Tsuga Canadensis. 
 Picea excelsa, var. Gregory- 
 
 iana. 
 
 Philadelphus grandiftorus. 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 Philadelphus nivalis. 
 
 Kalmia latifolia. 
 Sambucus Canadensis. 
 Lonicera .rylosteum. 
 Mahonia Japonica. 
 
 Pinus montana, var. Mughus. 
 Taxus baccata. 
 
 Rhododendron, var. evcrcs- 
 
 tianum. 
 Acer rubrum. 
 Clethra aim folia. 
 
 Acer campestre. 
 Acer saccharinum. 
 Bu.rus scmpervirens. 
 
158 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 26. White pine. 
 
 27. Japan yew. 
 
 28. Golden bell or For- 
 
 sythia. 
 
 29. Weigela. 
 
 30. Austrian pine. 
 
 31. Bald cypress. 
 
 32. Yellow or golden willow. 
 33- Japan ground cypress or 
 
 Japan arbor vitse 
 (Plume-leaved). 
 34. American bladder nut. 
 Five-leaved akebia. 
 English elm. 
 
 37. Wistaria. (White 
 
 flowers.) 
 
 38. Spicebush. 
 
 39. Slender Deutzia. 
 
 40. Japan Wistaria. (Dark 
 
 purple flowers.) 
 
 41. Oriental spruce. 
 
 42. Hackberry or sugar- 
 
 berry. 
 
 43. European larch. 
 
 44. Copper beech. 
 
 45. Van Houtte's spiraea. 
 
 46. Common elder. 
 
 47. Cephalonian silver fir. 
 
 48. Tree celandine. 
 
 49. Fringe tree." 
 
 50. Black cherry. 
 
 51. Grecian silk vine. 
 
 52. Red osier. 
 
 S3- Cut-leaved European 
 elder. 
 
 54. American holly. 
 
 55. Mountain laurel. 
 
 56. Andromeda. (Axillary 
 
 flowers.) 
 
 57. Small mockernut hick- 
 
 ory. 
 
 58. Sweet buckeye. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Pinus strobus. 
 Taxus adpressa. 
 Forsythia viridissima. 
 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 
 T a. r odium distichum. 
 
 Salix alba, var. vitellina. 
 
 Chamo'cy paris (or Rctinos- 
 
 pora) pisifcra, var. plum- 
 
 osa. 
 
 Staphylea trifolia. 
 Akebia quinata. 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 Wistaria Sinensis, var. alba. 
 
 Benzoin benzoin. 
 Deutzia gracilis. 
 Wistaria multijuga. 
 
 Pice a orient alls. 
 Celtis occidentals. 
 
 Larix Europ&a. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. cuprca. 
 Spircea Van Houttei. 
 Sambucus Canadensis. 
 Abies Cephalonica. 
 Bocconia cordata. 
 Chionanthus Virginica. 
 Primus serotina. 
 Periploca Grceca. 
 Cornus stolonifera. 
 Sambucus nigra, var. lacin- 
 
 iata. 
 
 Ilex opaca. 
 Kalmia lati folia. 
 Andromeda a.rillaris. 
 
 Carya inicrocarpa. 
 Aesculus ilava. 
 
159 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 59. Red-flowering horse- 
 
 chestnut. 
 
 60. Sweet bay or swamp 
 
 magnolia. 
 
 61. Umbrella tree. 
 
 62. American white ash. 
 
 63. Cucumber tree. 
 
 64. American hornbeam. 
 
 65. Ninebark. 
 
 66. Common locust. 
 
 67. Purple beech. 
 
 68. Tulip tree. 
 
 69. Honey locust. 
 
 70. European spindle tree. 
 
 71. White poplar or abele 
 
 tree. 
 
 72. Reeve's spiraea. 
 
 73. Black haw. 
 
 74. Shadbush, June berry or 
 
 service berry. 
 
 75. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 76. Bush cranberry. 
 
 77. Huckleberry. 
 
 78. Royal white willow. 
 
 79. Arrowwood. 
 
 80. Bay or laurel-leaved wil- 
 
 low. 
 
 81. Blue willow. 
 
 82. Intermediate-leaved For- 
 
 sythia. 
 
 83. Weir's cut-leaved silver 
 
 maple. 
 
 84. Red oak. 
 
 85. Lilac. (White flowers.) 
 
 86. Lilac. (Purple flowers.) 
 
 87. Osage orange. 
 
 88. Hop hornbeam or iron- 
 
 wood. 
 
 89. Wayfaring tree. 
 
 90. English hawthorn. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Aesculus hippocastcuium, var. 
 
 rubicunda. 
 Magnolia glauca. 
 
 Magnolia umbrella. 
 Fraxinus Americana. 
 Magnolia acuniinata. 
 Carpinus Caroliniana. 
 Physocarpus (or Spircra) 
 
 opuli folia. 
 
 Robinia pseudacacia. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. atropur- 
 
 purca. 
 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Gleditschia triacanthos. 
 Euonymus Europ&us. 
 Populus alba. 
 
 Spircea Rccvcsiana. 
 Viburnum pru nifolium. 
 Amclanchicr Canadcnsis. 
 
 Conius Honda. 
 Viburnum opulis. 
 Gaylussacia resinosa. 
 Sajix alba, var. regalis. 
 Viburnum dentatum. 
 Salix pcntandra (or laurifo- 
 
 lia). 
 
 Salix alba, var. carulca. 
 Fo rsyth ia in term edia. 
 
 Acer dasycarpum, var. Wcirii 
 
 laciniatum. 
 Quercus rubra. 
 Syringa vulgaris, var. alba. 
 Syringa vulgaris. 
 Madura aurantiaca. 
 Ostrya Virginica. 
 
 Viburnum rugosum (or Vi- 
 burnum lantana}. 
 Cratccgus o.ryacantha. 
 
i6o 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 91. Norway spruce. 
 
 92. Common elder. 
 
 93. European or tree alder. 
 
 94. Bay or laurel-leaved wil- 
 
 low. 
 
 95. European hornbeam. 
 
 96. Tree box or boxwood. 
 
 97. Striped maple or moose- 
 
 wood. 
 
 98. European hazel. 
 
 99. English elm. 
 
 100. European hornbeam. 
 
 101. American or white elm. 
 
 102. Red mulberry. 
 
 103. Fern-leaved beech. 
 
 104. European silver fir. 
 
 105. American larch. 
 
 106. Weeping European sil- 
 
 ver linden. 
 
 107. European larch. 
 
 108. American chestnut. 
 
 109. Babylonian or weeping 
 
 willow, 
 no. Large-racemed dwarf 
 
 horsechestnut. 
 in. Dwarf Japan catalpa. 
 
 112. European flowering ash. 
 
 113. Purple willow. 
 
 114. Big shellbark or kingnut 
 
 hickory. 
 
 115. Purple willow. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Plcca c.vcelsa. 
 
 Sambucus Canadensis. 
 
 Alnus glutinosa. 
 
 Salix pentandra (or lauri- 
 
 folia). 
 
 Carpinus betulus. 
 Buxus sempervirens. 
 Acer Pennsylvanicum. 
 
 Corylus avellana. 
 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 
 Carpinus betulus. 
 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 
 Morus rubra. 
 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. hetero- 
 phylla. 
 
 Abies pectinata. 
 
 Larix Americana. 
 
 Tilia Europaa, var. argcntca 
 (or alba) pendula. 
 
 Larix Europcca. 
 
 Castanca saliva, var. Ameri- 
 cana. 
 
 Salix Babylonica. 
 
 Pavia macrostachya. 
 
 Catalpa Bungei. 
 Fraxinns ornns. 
 Salix purpurea. 
 Carya side at a. 
 
 Salix purpurea. 
 
X. 
 
 AROUND LULLWATER. 
 
 One of the loveliest rambles in the Park 
 lies through those winding vistas of trees and water 
 which the architect has wrought into "Lullwater." 
 It is well named, for the water seems hushed to sleep in 
 cozy coves and inlets. It is so shut off and retired that 
 it has a charm of seclusion all its own. Here in the 
 early morning the gold fish swirl and leap as they 
 feed and break the dreaming waters with quick 
 splashes. Here the sunshine pours down and puts 
 a glory of quivering and illumined green be- 
 fore your eyes. In the Arbor here you can 
 pass enchanted hours, watching the sweep of the 
 kingbird or listening to the soft knocking call 
 of the yellow-billed cuckoo. The boats glide 
 by, reflecting, in dancing vines of light and shade along 
 their polished sides, the tremble of the sunbeams on the 
 waters. The robins send down querulous calls from 
 the living green about you, and the soft cottony clouds 
 float over the tree tops, in the purest of white. The 
 breeze comes at times touching' the waters with feet 
 of silver and sets all the leaves on fire with a flame 
 of white light which sweeps through them in swift 
 showers like sudden rain. Come here when you 
 will, it is always beautiful ; be it in spring when 
 the new greens are hanging their illumined beauties 
 
162 
 
 to the sun, or in summer, when the leaves are rustling 
 to warm breezes, or in autumn, when the crimsons 
 and golds paint the frost stilled waters, or in win- 
 ter, when the white fingered snow tucks in the fallen 
 leaves and smooths over all its silence and purity. 
 
 In this ramble through Lullwater we start at the 
 Arch, Cleft Ridge Span, leading from the Flower Gar- 
 den and, turning to the left, follow the path along the 
 banks of the stream to Terrace Bridge ; cross the 
 Bridge and return through Lullwater by the path on 
 the other side of the stream, passing over Lullwood 
 Bridge and so back to Cleft Ridge Span. 
 
 On passing through the Arch there are a few things 
 to note on our right hand and then we will follow the 
 Walk which leads off at the left and wanders along 
 the eastern side of Lullwater. 
 
 Well up on the bank, on the right is a fine high 
 bush which in June, is hung full of beautiful bell-like 
 flowers of the purest white. By a careless observer, it 
 might be taken, out of bloom, for a syringa, but it is 
 quite different as you see by looking closely at its 
 leaf. It is Deutsia crenata and you will find many 
 handsome clumps of it all over the Park. Just back 
 of this bush, you will find another very interesting 
 shrub. As you look at it you are at once struck with 
 the remarkable resemblance of its leaves to those of 
 the fringe tree (Chionanthus). Indeed, this resem- 
 blance has given it one of its familiar names, "fringe- 
 tree-leaved lilac." If you have any doubts about its 
 being a lilac, stand before it some June day and you 
 will see it throwing up handsome panicles of white 
 
flowers that at once say "lilac" to your discriminat- 
 ing eye. It is the Syringa Josikcea or the Josika lilac 
 and gets its botanical name from the Baroness von 
 Josika who discovered its parent stock in Hungary. It 
 is certainly very handsome and there are many bushes 
 of it in the Park. Some of them bear deep purple 
 flowers, much deeper in hue than those of our com- 
 mon lilac. Do not confuse Syringa, the generic term 
 of lilac, with Syringa which is botanically known by 
 the name Philadelphia. 
 
 Of course, you at once recognize the very hand- 
 some Camperdown elm at the turn of the Walk as it 
 bends to go over to the Boat House. You no doubt 
 have already learned the look . of its leaf, rough 
 dark green, broad across the top and ending in beau- 
 tiful points which shoot out conspicuously from its 
 heavy serrations. The umbrella-like form of this tree 
 is enough to mark it, but learn to know its leaf. No- 
 tice, too, its kinship of leaf with the Scotch elm. 
 
 Now let us go back a little and begin at the left 
 of the Arch. High up on the bank, there is another 
 Camperdown elm and close beside it a well grown Bho- 
 tan pine. It is easy to know the Bhotan by its tassel- 
 like foliage. Close down by the Walk is box or box- 
 wood (Bii.vus sempervircns). In early spring look foi 
 its interesting little flowers in sessile bracted clusters 
 closely set in the axils of the thick, entire, opposite, 
 evergreen leaves. Beyond the box, is Polish juniper, 
 differing from common juniper in its thick bunchy 
 cluster-like leaf growth and shorter, stiffer needles. 
 That it is juniper, you easily know by examining its 
 
164 
 
 leaves which grow in whorls of three and are silvery 
 glaucous on the upper sides. The stem of this shrub 
 looks not unlike that of the red cedar, dark reddish 
 brown, with its bark in strips and shreds. Beyond the 
 Polish juniper is common hemlock and beyond the 
 hemlock, close to the Walk, like a hemisphere of cush- 
 ioned evergreen is a beautiful bunch of dwarf Nor- 
 way spruce, of the variety Gregoryana, (Picca cx- 
 cclsa, var. Gregoryana). You cannot mistake it. Its 
 form alone identifies it. Stoop down and look at its 
 close, compact foliage. It is a beauty. Just as the Walk- 
 bends to the left here, you will find a fine bush of 
 the Philadelphia grandiflorus and quite a clump of 
 it on the opposite corner of the Walk. In June it is 
 filled full of fragrant white petaled and yellow 
 stamened flowers. Just behind the middle of the 
 clump on the right hand corner of the Walk, you will 
 find a variety with ivhite stamens. This is Philadelphus 
 nivalis and the effect of its bloom is indeed "snowy." 
 A little further along on the left and ex- 
 tending back up the slope of Breeze Hill, a 
 little, is a fine cluster of rhododendrons of 
 various kinds. Those breaking out white trusses 
 of bloom are Rhododendron album elegans and, with 
 very large white truss, R. album grandifiorum; cherry 
 red, Charles Bagley; rose lilac, Everestianum ; dark 
 crimson, John Waterer. The great bay, Rhododen- 
 dron maximum, carries large bunches of pink and 
 white blossoms in late June and early July. It is 
 broad-leaved. Close to the Walk, mixed in with 
 rhododendrons is a clump of mountain laurel (Kalmia 
 
latifolia) which you may know from the rhododendrons 
 by its much smaller lance-ovate leaves, green on both 
 sides. The leaves of the rhododendrons are much 
 longer and more oblong-lance shaped, not unlike the 
 look of the magnolia-leaf. Of course if you meet 
 them in bloom it is very easy to distinguish them, for 
 the Kalmia has umbel-like clusters of small saucer 
 shaped flowers while the rhododendron has a large bell- 
 shaped funnel-form corolla, entirely different. The 
 laurel has a queer way of concealing its stamen-heads or 
 anthers in little pockets in the corolla and when the 
 visiting insect touches these they fly out on elastic 
 filaments and bombard it with pollen. The rhododen- 
 dron has long stamens (five to ten in number), very 
 conspicuously set from the corolla and often curved to 
 the lower side. 
 
 Beyond the clump of rhododendrons is a good bush 
 of elder, and beside the elder, broad, spiny, Mahonia 
 Japonica, of the barberry family. The latter has pin- 
 nate light green leaves and clustered racemes of yel- 
 low flowers in the early spring. The leaves brown in 
 winter. About opposite the elder and Mahonia, on 
 the other side of the Walk is a clump (four bushes) 
 of syringa (Philadelphus grandiflorus) and just beside 
 the last bush of syringa is fly honeysuckle, (Lonicera 
 xylosteum). You know it at once by its soft, very 
 downy (when young) leaves, rather heart shaped and 
 hairy on the edge. It bears yellow flowers in May, 
 with nearly equal lobes and a very unequal sided 
 base, which gives the flower a two-lipped appearance. 
 The flowers develop into beautiful red berries. 
 
1 66 
 
 On the right of the Walk again, we come to two 
 Mugho pines which you will have no trouble in know- 
 ing from their dwarf prostrate forms of growth. Some 
 adverse fate seems to have befallen the Mugho pine, 
 for it looks as if it had been beaten down upon the 
 head so continuously that it abandoned long ago any 
 idea it may have had of being a tree and decided to 
 stay a humble, rambling bush. I like its tough form 
 and its close tenacious grip, for somehow, as I pass it, 
 I seem to see the Alp winds beating and buffeting its 
 close dense head, whistling through its needles, but 
 never rooting it from its eagle-like claw upon the 
 soil. Each shrub and tree brings with it its heredity 
 even in the Park, and he who carries an imagination 
 with him in his Park walks, will travel through many 
 countries, passing from clime to clime. This is one 
 of the things which makes a Park stroll so interesting. 
 The Bhotan pines whisper of the Himalayas, the Cau- 
 casian walnut of Russia and the trans-Ural district, 
 the Austrian pines of the Alps and the Tyrol, hosts 
 of things of China and Japan. Many lands are 
 compressed into the few hundred acres which make 
 the city park, and they are there for whomsoever will 
 come to see them. Just consider for a moment what 
 this means, what you have within reach of a trolley 
 car. Truly a park is a wonderful place and if you 
 love to know the garnitures of God's earth in their 
 myriad forms walk here and see some of the beautiful 
 growths of lands so distant as to seem almost dream- 
 like. 
 
 Beyond the Mugho pines is a goodly English yew 
 
i6 7 
 
 and next to it a well grown rhododendron of the variety 
 Evcrestianum. About opposite the yew is another 
 fringe-tree-leaved lilac (Syringa Josikcra^ and 
 about opposite the Everestianum, red maple and close 
 by the water, a clump of the sweet pepper bush 
 (Clethra alnifolia). The Clethra you know by its leaf 
 alone, serrate along its upper part and entire along 
 its lower part. As you remember it bears long white 
 fingers of bloom in July. Beyond the Clethra nearer 
 to the Walk are two well grown English field maples 
 (Acer campestre), known at once by the square-cut 
 lobes of their leaves. 
 
 On the left of the Walk again, opposite the two 
 English maples you find Mahonia Japonica again and 
 then four well-grown boxwood trees with their close- 
 set lifeful-looking leaves. See them in winter with 
 the crystalline sunshine of the morning silvering them 
 over with a dazzling brilliance and you will not be 
 sorry you came. Many a winter's ramble have I had 
 through here with the box all glorified in the down- 
 pour of the sun's splendor, with the snow breaking 
 away from the boughs of the neighboring evergreens 
 in gentle little puffs of white, with that wondrous 
 mysterious living silence of winter filling the air, 
 broken only save by the muttered rumbling of the ice 
 or the whispering of wind-driven snow. 
 
 Beside the last of the box clumps here, we meet a 
 very interesting shrub. Notice its leaves, see how 
 closely squeezed they are. This is the so-called Japan 
 yew, but as Gray says, probably but a variety of the 
 English yew. Its botanical name is T.a.rus adpressa, 
 
i68 
 
 or in other words, yew, with closely appressed leaves. 
 See how well it has been named. How different its 
 thick short blunt leaves are from the sharply pointed 
 leaves of the English yew. You can pick it out by its 
 close-set leaf spray for a certainty. If you happen to 
 pass it in early autumn you may chance to see its 
 beautiful red-pink seed cups hanging brightly all 
 through its dark green, like little bells. In the center 
 of the cup is the seed, black brown. This cup is the 
 sign of the yew family. There are many choice 
 things in this section of the Park and this is one of 
 them. There is another fine clump of it further along 
 beyond the Arbor. 
 
 Beyond the Japan yew is box again and beyond the 
 box, English yew. This English yew is pretty well 
 grown and is a good type of the genus. 
 
 A little further along you come, on the left, to a 
 clump of rhododendrons and about opposite these, on 
 the right, is a well grown red maple. Passing on, 
 there are bushes of the rosy pink Weigcla (Diervilla 
 amabilis) and just back of the Weigela, a clump of 
 the golden bell or Forsythia viridissima. The For- 
 sythia viridissima has rather lance-like leaves. Fur- 
 ther on, on the right, we meet another Forsythia viri- 
 dissima and beside it, toward the Lake, bald cypress 
 (Taxodium distichum). Notice the feather-like leaves 
 of the bald cypress. The bald cypress is surpassingly 
 lovely at two seasons of the year in spring, when its 
 tender green makes your heart go out to it, and in 
 autumn, when it waves a plume of softest old-gold 
 and brown against the sky. It is tall and spire-like of 
 
169 
 
 growth and deciduous in habit dropping its leaves in 
 late autumn. Even in winter it has a beauty of its 
 own when it spreads against the quivering and golden 
 splendor of a winter's sunset the wirework of its del- 
 icate branches. What eloquence in such a sight ! The 
 hush, the winter stillness, the mute lakes stretched in 
 steels armored against the wintry winds, no one in 
 sight, the plaintive call of a kinglet and back of the 
 bare branched bald cypress a tremulous sea of golden 
 sky! 
 
 But we cannot spend so much time on the bald 
 cypress. Beside it, near the water, is a white willow 
 of the variety vitellina. The glory of this tree is in 
 the winter. Then its twigs turn a conspicuous brassy 
 yellow. You can see them afar off through the 
 maze of the gray-brown branches of its neighbors. 
 Beyond the Forsythia here is a red maple and then 
 we have come to the Arbor. On the left, from the last 
 mentioned clump of rhododendrons, we have passed 
 English yew, Austrian pine, white pine. The white 
 pine you can know by its horizontal branches of bright 
 light green foliage. By the Walk, in almost straight 
 line from the white pine is a lovely Retinospora plu- 
 mosa. Just stop a bit and look at the fineness of its 
 leaf spray. Is it not exquisitely wrought, so fine and 
 so feathery? Up the hill there are several Austrian 
 pines easily known by their thick-set, chunky growth 
 and dark green tufted foliage. The Walk draws us 
 along, and we soon come to the Arbor. 
 
 The Arbor has many things of interest to show us. 
 If you stand in the middle of it and face the Lake 
 
170 
 
 in the far right hand corner of its trellised roof is a 
 clustered vine which by its five leaves you recognize 
 at once as Akebia quinata. The pretty climber is quite 
 frequent in the Park, and you should get to know 
 its five oval or obovate leaflets distinctly notched at 
 the end. Its leaves are almost clover-like. This beau- 
 tiful Japan vine, in early spring, breaks into bloom 
 with rich plum colored flowers. At the far right hand 
 corner of the Arbor, toward the hillside, and back 
 of the first seat, are clumps of Dentzia gracilis. Be- 
 hind the second seat is a good English yew. Over- 
 head, woven through the trellis, is a lovely Wistaria 
 which in May and June lets down long racemes of 
 very fragrant white flowers. Near the far left hand 
 end of the Arbor as you face the water, the trellis 
 is hung with Wistaria bearing deep purple flowers. 
 Very nearly overhead from the last seat of the left 
 hand end of the Arbor the Grecian silk vine (Periploca 
 Graeca) twines its smooth ovate pointed leaves. In 
 June this pretty vine blooms with small greenish yel- 
 low flowers in lateral cymes. The upper side of the 
 oblong lobes are brownish-purple. 
 
 Just in front of the Arbor are several things to claim 
 your interest. Before its far right hand corner, where 
 the Akebia twines, you will find three bushes in one, 
 two, three order, side by side, toward the Lake. These 
 are the three-leaved or American bladder-nut (Sta- 
 phylea trifolia) . Their flowers are very beautiful. In 
 purest of white, they hang in raceme-like clusters at 
 the ends of the branchlets of the season. They break 
 out in early spring. Opposite the middle of the Arbor 
 
stands a well grown spice bush (Benzoin benzoin) 
 known at once by its spreading dusky, blackish 
 branches speckled with whitish patches. The spice 
 bush blooms early, a little later than the Cornelian 
 cherry and sets its flowers in little close clusters of 
 yellow along its bare branches. Next to the spice bush 
 stands another bald cypress. North-west from the 
 bald cypress, close to the water's edge, is a sturdy 
 English elm of heavy trunk and oak-like growth. 
 Next beyond the English elm, overhanging the water 
 is a hackberry. If you had nothing else to know it 
 by except its bark that would be enough. Look at 
 the base of its trunk. Those knots and ridges are 
 enough to identify any hackberry. They are always 
 present. At the north-western corner of the Arbor 
 you will find European larch, not doing very well here 
 for some reason, and beyond the larch, another bald 
 cypress. These are on the right of the Walk. 
 
 Not very far from them, as you go on, there is a 
 clump of the Van Houtte's spiraea and a little to one 
 side of it, a bush of the red osier (Cornus stolonifer a } . 
 Notice the reddish stems of this bush. In winter they 
 are bright crimson. Its leaf shows its kinship with 
 the dogwoods. In the early summer it flowers with 
 flat white corymbs and these develop into lead colored 
 berries. You cannot mistake this bush if you examine 
 its twigs. These towards their ends are very reddish 
 and streaked with crinkly lines of light gray. Almost 
 opposite the red osier, leaning out over the water from 
 its foothold on the very edge of the bank is a fairy 
 shrub, all lace and fineness. This is the cut-leaved 
 
172 
 
 European elder (Sambucus nigra, var. laciniata). 
 You can know it by its leaf alone. It makes you think 
 of the graceful arabesques of Moorish decorations. 
 One leaf of it would serve as an exquisite model for 
 artistic designing. Hanging here over the water it 
 seems to float on the air. Try to see it in June, when, 
 through all its lace, it sets the feathery fineness of its 
 white flowers. Beside the Walk again, further along, 
 we come to Van Houtte's spiraea again. Then we meet 
 Oriental spruce, tall, pyramidal, with beautiful dark 
 green foliage whose deep shadows seem full of sweetly 
 melancholy thoughts. Beyond the spruce is a fine 
 fringe tree and beyond the fringe tree, silver maple, 
 two more clumps of Spircea Van Houttei, then Wei- 
 gela, (a little back of the second bush of Van Houttei) 
 and then black cherry. This black cherry stands by 
 the Walk, where the water curves in close to the bank. 
 Up to this point, on the left, you have passed (from 
 the Arbor) Oriental spruce, American elder, and two 
 English yews quite close together. They stand about 
 opposite the Cornus stolonifera. Just beside the first 
 English yew here, nestling close to it is Japan yew 
 (Ta.rus adpressa) and beyond the second yew is an 
 interesting herb from China, Bocconia cordata, named 
 from Bocconi, an Italian botanist. It rises on tall 
 stems and carries very odd looking round-cordate 
 lobed leaves, thick, veiny and glaucous. In late July 
 or early August it is in bloom, and then you may see 
 its large spikes of white or rose-white flowers very 
 showy and very beautiful in their fineness. It is cer- 
 tainly very pleasingly set here, foiled by the dark 
 
green of the yews. Back of the Bocconia, up the hill, 
 is an excellent growth of American holly (Ilex opaca) 
 and just beyond the holly, down the hill a little, is an- 
 other English yew. There are goodly clumps of moun- 
 tain laurel in here and in June they are in full bloom. 
 You will find two of them opposite the fringe tree on 
 the other side of the Walk. Almost beside the second 
 clump of laurel you will find a" good specimen of 
 Andromeda axillaris. This shrub is lovely in early 
 spring when it sends out flowers, on curving stems, in 
 long rows of little white bells like lilies-of-the-valley. 
 These droop on either side of the middle flower stem. 
 
 Up the hill, back of the Andromeda, is a tall hickory 
 with rather close bark and small fruit. Its leaves are 
 made up of five and seven leaflets, long pointed, finely 
 serrate and smooth. It is the small mockernut hickory 
 Carya microcarpa. Up the hill a little further back 
 is European larch. 
 
 Back to the Walk again, only a few feet beyond 
 the Andromeda you pass a row of Dcutzia gracilis. 
 They make a graceful picture when in height of 
 bloom, certainly well meriting their name. 
 
 Now we have come to that part of the Walk where 
 the water bends close to it in a deep sinus, and as 
 we go on, about opposite the black cherry, on the 
 right, we have, on the left, an interesting tree. It 
 is the sweet buckeye (Aesculus flava) and there is an- 
 other back of it, up the hill a little, standing knee- 
 deep in the waving grass. You can know this tree 
 by its compound leaves of from five to seven leaflets. 
 
174 
 
 pointed, smooth, elliptical and finely serrate. It has 
 yellowish-white flowers in late May or early June. 
 
 Beyond the flava, we meet a handsome red-flower- 
 ing horse-chestnut. Its leaves tell you at once that 
 it is of the common horse-chestnut family. But 
 it is no common tree. In full bloom it is a lovely 
 sight. Its flowers are a soft rose-red, and the tree 
 in the full burst of its bloom, glows afar off like a 
 torch. Next to this tree stands a graceful young 
 sweet bay or swamp magnolia (Magnolia glauca). 
 You can distinguish it easily by turning over its ten- 
 der leaves of light green and looking at their under- 
 sides. That pale whitish cast of color is decisive and 
 says distinctly "glauca." Its flowers appear late, 
 from June to August, and they are round, white and 
 exceedingly fragrant. Further on a little, on both sides 
 of the Walk, are clusters of umbrella trees (Magnolia 
 umbrella'). You have, by this time, grown to know 
 their large paddle-shaped leaves. 
 
 Back of the first of these, on the left of the Walk, 
 stands a handsome copper beech. There are several 
 copper beeches along here and you can contrast their 
 hues with the deep crimson tints of the purple beeches 
 further on. These trees are of marvelous beauty in 
 the spring and be sure to see them. I know of no 
 handsomer ones in the Park than those right here. 
 Get the sun through them and you will appreciate 
 their differences of color. 
 
 Further along, we meet, on the right, American 
 white ash and down on the point of the bank, lean- 
 ing out over the water, gathered together in a close 
 
J75 
 
 clump, are some yellow or golden willows (Saliv 
 tilba, var. vitcllina). Next to the white ash is an- 
 other clump of Van Houtte's spiraea and a 
 similar bush on the other side of the Walk (the 
 left) about diagonally opposite. Then we come to 
 cucumber tree, on the right, and, by the water's edge 
 American hornbeam. On the left, we have another 
 copper beech. Beyond, on the left, we pass common 
 locust, and still further along, bush cranberry with- 
 large goose-foot leaves and bright red berries in late 
 July or early August. Back of the cranberry is an- 
 other common locust, with fine tender green, pinnately 
 compound leaflets. You will know it for a certainty 
 if you find the thorns on its branches. Still further 
 back ; up the slope of the hill, is a clump of the Eu- 
 ropean spindle tree or Euonymus. Be sure to see it 
 in autumn when it breaks open its conspicuous richly 
 crimson, generally four-lobed fruit. It is very marked 
 then and well worth seeing. It blooms in May with odd 
 looking greenish white flowers, which are scarcely no- 
 ticeable. If you notice its branches you will see that 
 they are peculiarly marked with streaks which remind 
 you of the striped maple. Back of the Euonymus is 
 a fine honey locust with characteristic black bark and 
 prominent spines. These spines are murderous-look- 
 ing affairs and seem to sprout out all over the tree. 
 On its trunk they are very large and generally they 
 are three-thorned, but often carry many more than 
 this number. This characteristic of three-thorns has 
 given the tree its botanical name triacanthos, from 
 (three) akantha (thorn). There is a spineless 
 
ij-6 
 
 variety of the honey-locust, known as var. inermis, and 
 the Park has one of this kind not far from the Six- 
 teenth Street entrance. Back of the honey-locust 
 there are some beautiful purple beeches. Note the 
 handsome silver-gray of their barks. 
 
 If we come back to the Walk again and continue 
 westwards, beyond the cranberry bush is huckleberry, 
 then Japan quince, then another copper beech stand- 
 ing close by the Walk, on your left. Back of this 
 tree are two common locusts standing close together 
 and, a little further on, two more, almost in a straight 
 line with each other. Passing an open stretch of 
 grassy hillside here, we come, near Terrace Bridge, 
 to fine clumps of arrowwood which you will know 
 at once by their regularly notched leaves. The stems 
 of the Viburnum dentatum, the Indians used for ar- 
 rows, hence its name. Up the hill a little, just be- 
 yond the arrowwood is a blue willow. It is really 
 a variety of the white willow with leaves of a very 
 bluish cast on their undersides. By the Walk, be- 
 yond the arrowwood, is bay or laurel-leaved willow, 
 which you can distinguish by its dark, glossy green 
 laurel-like leaves noticeably marked by a whitish or 
 yellowish midrib and veins. 
 
 Let us come back now to the locust near the spot 
 where we turned off to go up the hill a little. Oppo- 
 site to it, is a bush of ninebark Physocarpus (or Spi- 
 raea opulifolia}. It gets its common name from its 
 ragged, tattered stems and branches. To look at them 
 you might think that they could be peeled more than 
 nine times. The shreds of bark flutter all over them. 
 
The leaves of this shrub are noticeably three-lobed 
 and generally heart-shaped. It bursts into profuse 
 bloom in June, with white flowers in umbel-like cor- 
 ymbs. These soon develop into fruit pods which are 
 quite as conspicuous as its flowers. The pods turn a 
 rusty red or crimson purple. Beyond the ninebark is a 
 Reeve's spiraea, beautiful also in June when it is laden 
 with close clustered heads of pure white flowers. 
 To the right of the Reeve's spiraea, close by the water, 
 rise a couple of splendid white or silver poplars. 
 They are beauties, with their conspicuous barks of 
 a pale greenish silvery gray on the upper branches 
 which in winter throws them out sharply to the eye 
 from the massed tones of adjacent trees. Every breeze 
 showers their leaves with silver or snow. Not many 
 feet further on you meet the European or tree alder 
 (Alnus glntinosa). If you can see the little black 
 "cones" on its branches, you will know it at once. 
 But its leaf is characteristic enough to distinguish it; 
 being roundish wedge-shaped, gently cut in at the 
 top and serrated beautifully in wavy cuttings. 
 
 Beyond the alder is Reeve's spiraea again and back 
 of this is black haw. Then comes another Reeve's 
 spiraea and back of it, a shadbush. The shadbush 
 you have learned to know by its bark, so beautifully 
 marked. Then we meet common locust again, by the 
 Walk, and beyond the locust, dogwood. An open 
 stretch of grass follows and we stop at a point not 
 far from the Terrace Bridge to look at two lovely 
 willows drooping over the stream close to the water's 
 edge. They are very beautiful and very different. 
 
The one this side is the royal white willow, (Saliv 
 alba, var. regalis) and you can see in its leaves a 
 close relation to the vitellina. But its leaves are much 
 softer and of much finer finish than those of the vitel- 
 lina. Stand back a little and catch the effect of 
 the beautiful silvery-gray cast to the foliage of the 
 rcgalis. The willow beyond it, nearer the Bridge, 
 is purple willow, (SalLv purpured), and quite as lovely 
 in its way. How beautifully are the two contrasted 
 by their foliage. The leaves of the purple willow 
 are lanceolate and set on very noticeably olive, or 
 reddish and purplish stems. Its leaves are of a 
 peculiar soft gray-green, with quite a delicate 
 bluish cast. The effect of its foliage is grace and 
 fineness and certainly this sapling has here been well 
 set. A few steps further on we come to Terrace Bridge 
 which spans the stream. This we cross by a little 
 detour up the slope of the hill, and coming down the 
 opposite bank, start at the abutments of the bridge 
 and walk through Lullwater, keeping the stream on 
 our right. 
 
 Not far from the Bridge, standing by the water, 
 is yellow willow, and beyond it, a little back on the 
 grass, is an excellent specimen of red oak. It is 
 well up to the type and worth your careful study. 
 Look at its leaves and get them in your eye. Look 
 at its bark, note its greenish-gray tinge. See if you 
 can find acorns on it and, if you do, note their thin 
 saucers or cups. Further on two Camperdown elms 
 lean over the bank, close by the water's edge and 
 beyond them well up on the bank is a fine group 
 
179 
 
 of lilacs. One of these bushes bears white flowers, 
 the others all have purple. Then we come to several 
 Osage oranges and hop-hornbeams. Lock out for the 
 fruit of the hop-hornbeams and see how different it 
 is from that of the hornbeam. Then comes a Viburnum 
 I'Ugosuin, with rough, wrinkled leaves, and broad heads 
 of white flowers in spring. Its leaves are almost round. 
 You can find it easily for it is not far from a goodly sil- 
 ver maple which stands up quite conspicuously near 
 here. An English hawthorn meets you beyond the 
 silver maple and then a Norway spruce. Quite a 
 little stretch further on you come to another Euro- 
 pean or tree alder and down by the waterside, fur- 
 ther along, a well grown bay or laurel-leaved willow. 
 How it flashes and plays with the sunshine. Near 
 the waterside a little beyond is a graceful striped 
 maple, grown to good size. Note the fine markings 
 of its bark and if you wish to see a graceful sight, 
 come to this tree in May, when its flowers hang in 
 delicate greenish racemes from under its tender and 
 beautifully wrought leaves. You cannot mistake the 
 tree. Its striped bark is distinctive as are also its 
 strongly three-lobed leaves, with the lobes ending in 
 long, fine points. Several beautiful hemlocks float 
 their fine sprays to the breezes here, playing with 
 the lights and shadows of the sunshine. By the stream- 
 side you will find a European hazel, very beautiful 
 when the alders are clouding the bare trees with soft 
 crimsons. The bloom of this hazel is worth seeing. 
 It hangs all over it a golden vail, made by the flower- 
 
i8o 
 
 ing staminate catkins. Beside the hazel is yellow or 
 golden willow. 
 
 A good specimen of the English elm stands 
 near the Walk further on and near the center of the 
 bankshore of a cove, a red-mulberry rustles its odd- 
 shaped leaves. 
 
 Now we have come to a point where the Walk 
 splits into two forks, the left crossing Nethermead, 
 the right keeping on toward the Boat House. On 
 the Walk we have just been over, we passed, on 
 the left, coming from Terrace Bridge, purple willow, 
 Weir's cut-leaved silver maple (easily known by its 
 very finely cut-leaves), a clump of Austrian pines up 
 on the hillside near Nethermead Circuit Drive: then 
 a long sweep and a bush of common elder about op- 
 posite the tree alder; European hornbeam, opposite 
 laurel-leaved willow ; box ; hemlocks ; European horn- 
 beam again, just before you come to the English 
 elm. About opposite the little cove where the red 
 mulberry keeps guard, you find on the left of the 
 Walk, Mugho pine with its dwarf form clutching the 
 bank; Austrian pine again and then two more Mugho 
 pines. Just beyond the Mugho pines are two Ceph- 
 alonian silver firs which do not seem to be doing 
 nearly so well as their sturdy clansman back of the 
 Arbor and up the slope of Breeze Hill across the 
 stream. That Cephalonian silver fir is a beautiful 
 specimen and is one of the handsomest of its kind 
 in the Park. You can know the Cephalonian by 
 its stiff, sharp, pointed needles, which are dark-green 
 above, white beneath, and have their petioles dilated 
 
lengthwise at the point where they join the branch. 
 The general form of the tree is broadly conical. 
 
 Let us leave the Walk here, and follow the edge 
 of the stream to Lullwood Bridge. On the little 
 peninsula about opposite the fork of the Walk, we 
 find two very handsome golden or yellow willows 
 (Saliv alba, var. vitellina) and about midway between 
 them, a graceful American elm. At the easterly bight 
 of the peninsula's neck, there are, hemlock, two Amer- 
 ican larches (distinguished from the European by 
 their smaller leaves and cones) and a noble old 
 weeping European silver linden that has kept close 
 friendship many a year with its bankside compan- 
 ion, a rugged old golden willow. These two trees 
 beautifully contrast each other. Back on the grassy 
 swells of the meadow a stately silver maple has set 
 foot and flings its boughs out in a most sheltering way, 
 making a lovely spot for idle moments and drifting 
 reveries. Sit beneath it, some golden spring morn- 
 ing and listen to the silken rustle of its leaves, while 
 the grass plays in silver all about you. Down be- 
 low it, overhanging the stream, an English maple 
 stands poised as if about to step into the water and 
 just beyond it three European larches whisper to- 
 gether as they softly sway their beautifully pendulous 
 branches, thickset with the jet of their large cones. 
 A little sweep around another gentle bay of the stream 
 brings us to a majestic red oak. It has a large girth 
 and lifts itself up on a stalwart, sweeping trunk that 
 is majesty itself. High up it holds its towering head 
 and in autumn it is a glory when the frost with the 
 
182 
 
 magic of his breath changes its glossy green to bril- 
 liant crimson. Beyond the red oak clustered close 
 together by the waterside are a bunch of American 
 chestnuts. 
 
 Now we have come to Lullwood Bridge and cross- 
 ing it we find several things to look at on the penin- 
 sula beyond. Following this around, we find a clump 
 of the dwarf Japan catalpa, easily known by its 
 angular leaves. Beyond is another dwarf clump, but 
 of a very different kind. This is the dwarf horse- 
 chestnut, Pavia macrostachya, called so from its long, 
 upright racemes of white flowers, which are so con- 
 spicuous in early July. Note its beautiful, smooth, 
 palmate leaves. On the point, are fringe trees in a 
 cluster and European flowering ashes, and on the next 
 point of the peninsula, two golden or yellow willows 
 side by side and about opposite them, dropping the 
 beautiful green cascade of its leaves into the stream, a 
 graceful weeping willow. The shore makes a bay 
 in here and at its narrowest point with the Walk, 
 about midway between water and Walk, almost in 
 line with each other are ninebark, sweet pepper bush, 
 and European or tree alder. A fine, old silver maple 
 whispering to itself, stands sentinel at the end of the 
 inlet here, and another one, close by the Walk, over- 
 hangs the groups of syringa, which we met as we 
 started on this ramble. 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. II 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. Black haw. 
 
 2. Norway spruce. 
 
 3. Panicled dogwood. 
 
 4. Common sweet pepper 
 
 bush. 
 
 5. Scarlet oak. 
 
 6. Mockernut hickory. 
 
 7. Ramanas rose. 
 
 8. Missouri currant. 
 
 9. White oak. 
 
 10. Black oak. 
 
 11. American chestnut. 
 
 12. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 13. Red maple. 
 
 14. Osage orange. 
 
 15. Fringe tree. 
 
 16. Carolina allspice, or 
 
 sweet scented straw- 
 berry shrub. 
 
 17. American strawberry 
 
 bush. 
 
 18. Californian privet. 
 
 19. American hornbeam. 
 
 20. Common privet. 
 
 21. Fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 22. Carolina allspice. (Glau- 
 
 cous leaved.) 
 
 23. Himalayan spruce. 
 
 24. Hemlock. 
 
 25. Black oak. 
 
 26. American white or gray 
 
 birch. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Viburnum prunifoliuwi. 
 Picea excelsa. 
 Cornus paniculata. 
 Clcthra alnifolia. 
 
 Qucrcus co ccinea. 
 
 Carya tomcntosa. 
 
 Rosa rugosa. 
 
 Ribcs aureum. 
 
 Qucrus alba. 
 
 Qucrcus coccinea, var. tinc- 
 toria. 
 
 Castanea sativa, var. Ameri- 
 cana. 
 
 Cornus florida. 
 
 Acer rubrum. 
 
 Madura aurantiaca. 
 
 Chionanthus Virginica. 
 
 Calycanthus ftoridus. 
 
 Euonymus Amenicanus. 
 
 Ligustrum ovalifolium. 
 Ca rp inus Ca ro I in ia n a . 
 Ligustrum vulgarc. 
 Lonicera fragrantissima. 
 Calycanthus glaucus. 
 
 Picea Morinda. 
 
 Tsuga Canadensis. 
 
 Quer^cus coccinea, var. tinc- 
 
 toria. 
 Bctula populifolia. 
 
i86 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 27. American or white elm. 
 
 28. American holly. 
 
 29. Lombardy poplar. 
 
 30. Weeping Japan pagoda 
 
 tree. 
 
 31. Althaea or Rose of Sha- 
 
 ron. 
 
 32. Scarlet fruited thorn. 
 
 33. Black alder or common 
 
 winterberry. 
 
 34. Silver bell or snowdrop 
 
 tree. 
 
 35. Yellow-wood. 
 
 36. Variety Neapolitana of 
 
 the cockspur thorn. 
 
 37. Purple magnolia. 
 
 38. Soulanges magnolia. 
 
 39. Cucumber tree. 
 
 40. Slender Deutzia. 
 
 41. Hall's Japan honey- 
 
 suckle. 
 
 42. Ash-leaved maple or box 
 
 elder. 
 
 43. European hazel. 
 
 44. Sycamore maple. 
 
 45. Sweet gum or bilsted. 
 
 46. White pine. 
 
 47. Silver maple. 
 
 48. European linden. 
 
 49. European silver linden. 
 
 50. Colchicum-leaved maple. 
 
 51. Tulip, tree. 
 
 52. Nordmann's silver fir. 
 
 53. Mt. Atlas or African ce- 
 
 dar. 
 
 54. American beech. 
 
 55. Sour gum, tupelo or pep- 
 
 peridge. 
 
 56. Blunt-leaved Japan ar- 
 
 bor vitae. 
 
 57. Red-flowering horse- 
 
 chestnut. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 
 Ilex opaca. 
 
 Populus dilatata. 
 
 Sophora Japonica, var. pend- 
 
 ula. 
 Hibiscus Syriacus. 
 
 Cratccgus coccinea. 
 Ilex verticillata. 
 
 Halcsia tetraptera. 
 
 Cladrastis tinctoria. 
 
 Cratcegus cms -galli, var. Nea- 
 politana. 
 
 Magnolia pur pur ea. 
 
 Magnolia Soulangeana. 
 
 Magnolia acuminata. 
 
 Dcutzia gracilis. 
 
 Lonicera Japonica (or Hal- 
 liana). 
 
 Negundo ac oroides. 
 
 Corylus avellana. 
 
 Acer pseudoplatanus. 
 
 Liquidambar styracinua. 
 
 Pinus strobus. 
 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 
 Tilia Europ&a. 
 
 Tilia Europcea, var. argentea 
 
 (or alba). 
 Acer Lcctum. 
 Liriodendron tulipifera. 
 Abies Nordmanniana. 
 Cedrus Atlantica. 
 
 Fagus fcrruginea. 
 Nyssa sylvatica. 
 
 Chamacyparis (or Rctinos- 
 
 pora) obtusa. 
 JEsculus hippocastanum, var. 
 
 rubicunda. 
 
i8 7 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 58. Red osier. 
 
 59. Bush cranberry. 
 
 60. Scotch elm. 
 
 61. Caucasian walnut. 
 
 62. European or English 
 
 yew. 
 
 63. Polish Juniper. 
 
 64. Bush Deutzia. (Variety 
 
 Pride of Rochester.) 
 
 65. Ginseng. 
 
 66. Japan lemon. 
 
 67. Variegated English yew. 
 
 68. Rhododendron. (Rosy 
 
 lilac colored flowers. 
 
 69. Thread-like Oriental ar- 
 
 bor vitse. 
 
 70. Golden English yew. 
 
 71. Camperdown elm. 
 
 72. Pipe vine or Dutchman's 
 
 pipe. 
 
 73. Kcelreuteria. 
 
 74. Red oak. 
 
 75. White beam tree. 
 
 76. Sassafras. 
 
 77. European hornbeam. 
 
 78. Pin oak. 
 
 79. Oriental plane tree. 
 
 80. Black cherry. 
 
 81. Oleaster. 
 
 82. Van Houtte's spiraea. 
 
 83. Weeping golden bell or 
 
 Forsythia. 
 
 84. Japan quince. 
 
 85. Honey locust. 
 
 86. Hop hornbeam. 
 
 87. Cherry birch. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Cor mis stolonifera. 
 Viburnum opulis. 
 Ulmus montana. 
 Pterocarya fraxinifolia. 
 Taxus baccata. 
 
 Juniperus communis, var. 
 
 Cracovia. 
 Deutsia crenata, var. Pride 
 
 of Rochester. 
 Aralia quinque folia. 
 Citrus trifoliata. 
 Taxus baccata, var. elegan- 
 
 tissima. 
 Rhododendron, var. everes- 
 
 tianum. 
 Thuya Oricntalis, var. fili- 
 
 formis. 
 
 Taxus baccata, var. aurca. 
 Ulmus montana, var. Cam- 
 
 pcrdownii pcndula. 
 Aristolochia sipho. 
 
 Kcelreuteria paniculata. 
 Quercus rubrcu 
 S orbits (or Pyrus) aria. 
 Sassafras officinalc. 
 Carpinus bctulus. 
 Quercus palustris. 
 Platanus Oricntalis. 
 Prunus serotina. 
 Elceagnus angustifolia. 
 Spiraa Van Houttei. 
 Forsythia suspensa. 
 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 Glcditschia triacanthos. 
 Ostrya Virginica. 
 Betula lenta. 
 
i88 
 
 XL 
 MUSIC STAND TO LONG MEADOW. 
 
 When you take this ramble, may you have such a 
 day as I had, when I started to go over its ground 
 one Saturday, in early summer. 
 
 The golden sunshine of the afternoon came slant- 
 ing through the trees and the music from the Stand 
 swelled and lulled and swelled until it seemed to 
 move with the play of the breeze, harmony for har- 
 mony, melody for melody, in a sympathy of rhythm. 
 When the music rushed and thrilled with some ex- 
 alted ecstacy of harmony, the breeze seemed to rush 
 with it. Rising and swelling in sudden gusts, it 
 came sweeping through the green leaved canopies, 
 shaking them into flying silver, sending through their 
 masses, quick, quivering radiances of light which 
 twinkled like falling rain. At every gust, wave after 
 wave of dancing light played througn the illumined 
 green. When these gusts came the shimmering 
 beat of light over the glorified leaves, was music to 
 the eye as much as the sonorous and swelling ca- 
 dences of the orchestra thrilled music to the ear. 
 Through the pauses of the music, sounded ever, like 
 an echo of waters falling in the heart of the woods, 
 the rustling of the leaves overhead, sounds full of 
 cool suggestions, contentment and refreshment of the 
 soul. 
 
1 89 
 
 As I stood and watched the beat of light, playing 
 in sweeps of soundless harmonies through the wind- 
 stirred leaves, the fountain blew aloft to the trem- 
 ble of the music, its upward smoke. The breeze 
 caught it and drifted it gently over the pool, in slowly 
 falling folds of fleecy mists, which seemed to cling 
 lingeringly in the air. As they drifted, they drew 
 the imagination with them and spirits of the air seemed 
 ever draping this fair fountain with a flowing vail; 
 seemed ever changing the fleecy folds, drawing and 
 drawing in endless garniture. 
 
 As the slowly drifting, fleecy mists wafted with 
 the breeze, the sunlight struck through their lace, and 
 in the twinkling of an eye, changed them to falling 
 showers of gold ; glorified beyond words. Hallowed 
 as by a silent benediction, they sifted slowly away, 
 melting through the trees and fading from sight in 
 wisps and wreaths of drifting gold. 
 
 But let us see what we have about us here. Be- 
 ginning on the northerly side of the Music Stand, 
 all along the waterside, you will find good sized bushes 
 of the panicled dogwood. You will have no diffi- 
 culty in finding it, if you look for a bush about five 
 feet high, considerably branched and with a smooth 
 ash colored bark. Its dogwood leaves are long oval 
 and taper-pointed, whitish on the undersides and acute 
 or rounded at the bases. But try to see one of these 
 shrubs in the early days of June, when it is putting 
 forth the flower heads which have given it its name 
 paniculata. These are white, in distinct, upright 
 panicles. The panicles have a high convex curve of 
 
190 
 
 outline, quite different from the flat top of the alter- 
 nate leaved dogwood. Indeed, the flower clusters 
 of the paniculata are quite cone-shaped. You will know 
 them at once by this mark, when you see them in 
 flower. The flowers develop into white rounded ber- 
 ries about the size of peas on stalks of pale scarlet. 
 These are ripe in late August or early September. 
 
 About opposite the north-easterly corner of the Mu- 
 sic Stand is a scarlet oak and beside it, sweet pepper 
 bush. Tall and fair and straight, a mockernut hickory 
 stretches up its lofty head nearby and Ramanas rose 
 and Missouri currant flourish in cozy nooks close 
 down by the corner of the low iron ornamental fence 
 which guards the bankside here. 
 
 A rustic bridge spans the darkly shadowed water 
 not many feet away, and we will follow the path that 
 leads over it up to the Farm House on the hill and 
 then through the lovely shades of Ambergill out to 
 Long Meadow. Then we will come back to this rustic 
 bridge again and follow the other forking of the 
 Walk in this beautiful section of the Park. 
 
 Tall, stately, majestic, with a silent dignity all their 
 own like two Horatii guarding, the little bridge, stand 
 two oak trees, both on the right, one at the south end, 
 the other at the north. How like, yet how unlike. The 
 southern is a white oak. Notice its light gray bark. 
 The northern is a black oak. Notice its dark black- 
 ish bark whdse thick heavy plates are quite different 
 from the thin granite gray scales of the white's. 
 
 Just as the Walk crosses the Bridle Path, in the 
 corner at the left, is red maple, and crossing the Bridle 
 
191 
 
 Path, in the corner at the right, is another white oak. 
 Opposite this white oak, on the left of the Walk, is 
 Osage orange with reddish brown bark and spines in 
 its leaf axils. Beside it is another panicled dogwood, 
 and as the path meets the Drive, at the left hand corner 
 is fringe tree and at the right hand, panicled dogwood 
 again. 
 
 Before you cross the Drive here, turn to your left 
 and look at some of the things along the side of the 
 Drive as you go west to Nethermead Arches. In that 
 little stretch of things green and lovely, you will find 
 Carolina allspice or sweet scented strawberry with 
 long oval or oblong leaves which are soft and downy 
 on the undersides. Almost beside it stands American 
 strawberry bush, and close by Nethermead Arches, 
 variegated English yew, with dark green leaves in 
 rows along its stems and leaves sharp-pointed. 
 
 Let us go back now to the drive crossing by the 
 fringe tree and the panicled dogwood, and cross the 
 Drive. As we take up the thread of the path on the 
 other side, at our right are Carolina allspice and Cali- 
 fornian privet and, on our left, American hornbeam, 
 common privet, and fragrant honeysuckle. 
 
 The path winds on up the hill, and if you strike 
 off from it for a moment and walk out to the edge of 
 the ridge you will find some extremely interesting 
 evergreens. They are well worth seeing. You will 
 get a near view of them here, but their best showing 
 is seen from the path across the little trickling brook 
 that sings down this pretty ravine. The evergreens 
 of which I speak are specimens of the Himalayan 
 
I (J2 
 
 spruce (Picea morinda). They are beautiful trees 
 with long sweeping pendulous branches, giving a cas- 
 cade effect to their soft light green foliage. If you 
 see the trees from across the brook, they show a 
 noticeably dusty gray tint through their green. This 
 tint is given by the slightly glaucous touching on the 
 undersides of their needles. You will know the trees 
 almost on sight by their long needles, from one to 
 two inches in length. These needles are four sided, 
 of pale green color, strong, stiffish, curving gently 
 round in a fine arc to the top, which is sharply acute. 
 The path .passes some well grown black oaks by the 
 Farm House and, if you take the left fork, turning by 
 the little shelter, it leads you down through the whis- 
 pering shades of Amergill, beside tinkling waters 
 that have a music all their own. Amergill is a beauti- 
 ful work of landscape architecture, and as you walk 
 through it, you can easily fancy that you are "way out 
 in the country somewhere." But if you wish to catch 
 something of the enchantment of the place come here 
 some soft moonlight night in summer. The foliage is 
 so dense that the moonbeams only break through here 
 and there in patches of silver. All else is darkness. 
 The song of insects make the air vibrant; the breeze 
 comes and goes through the trees with cool rustlings 
 that are refreshment enough ; but over all and through 
 all comes a still small voice, tinkling, tinkling, tinkling 
 time away in drops of silver water. It is the stream 
 stretching its strings like a harp across the face of the 
 rocky glen here, and singing softly to the moonbeams 
 
193 
 
 playing so gently over it. It is the spirit of the place 
 and its serene beauty will haunt you many a day. 
 
 As we thread its leaf hung ways, puffs of cool air 
 come up to us from its glens, and if you have come 
 here after a rain, spicy whiffs of things evergreen and 
 of the woods. When you have come about opposite 
 the easterly corner of the shelter that overhangs the 
 path here from a Walk above, look on your left hand 
 for a tree with large dark green leaves of roundish 
 obovate or oblong oval shapes, generally wedge-shaped 
 at the base, either acute or obtuse at the point, and 
 with margins sharply and doubly serrate. The leaves 
 are smooth on the uppersides and very white on the 
 undersides. At a distance you might mistake this 
 tree for a scarlet fruited hawthorn. ' It is not of that 
 family at all, however, but belongs to the same clan 
 as the mountain ash. It is the white beam tree (Sorbus 
 or Pyrus Aria}. Its flowers are in broad corymbs and 
 these change into globose orange-red berries in close 
 clusters. 
 
 If you follow the Walk on until it comes out at Long 
 Meadow, it will show you some noble sweet gums, red 
 oaks, white oaks, black oaks and hornbeams which 
 you have probably learned to pick out at sight now, 
 so we will come back to the rustic bridge by the Music 
 Stand and take up the Walk that runs by Binnen 
 \Vater, under Nethermead Arches or Three-Arch- 
 Bridge, as it is often called, up the ravine and thence 
 to and around the Swan Boat Lake to Long Meadow 
 again. 
 
 Starting then from the rustic bridge, once more, 
 
194 
 
 we pass on the right American gray birch, close by 
 the bridge ; red maple, hemlock, American holly, Lom- 
 bardy poplar with its branches gathered close in to its 
 trunk; weeping Japan pagoda tree just beyond the 
 Lombardy poplar by the pool ; then two Rose of 
 Sharon trees, side by side. Of these, the one near the 
 Japan pagoda tree bears white flowers, and the one 
 near the Walk, magenta flowers, usually in July. By 
 the Walk, beyond the Rose of Sharon, stands a scar- 
 let fruited hawthorn. Beyond the hawthorn, a little 
 stretch, you come to a point where the Walk throws 
 off an arm to the left, sweeping the Nethermead. 
 About opposite 'its point of branching, on the right of 
 the Walk which you have been traversing, nestled in 
 with the shrubbery, you will find black alder or com- 
 mon winterberry (Ilex verticillata) . As its name im- 
 plies, it is of the holly family, but its leaves are any- 
 thing but holly-like of aspect. They are long egg- 
 shaped or wedge-lanceolate and pointed at both ends. 
 On the undersides their veins are downy. Should you 
 pass this shrub in late June you may see its pretty 
 small white flowers of six petals clustered in the axils 
 of the leaves, on short peduncles or stems. These 
 flowers change into bright scarlet berries which ripen 
 late in autumn. 
 
 If you should take the arm of the path just spoken 
 of above, sweeping around the Nethermead, it will 
 lead you past many beautiful things. On its right you 
 pass several handsome magnolias. These are Mag- 
 nolia purpurea and bear deep purple flowers early in 
 spring. On the left, opposite them, are silver bell, 
 
195 
 
 Osage orange, and back of the Osage orange a very 
 handsome and rare variety of the cockspur thorn. 
 This variety, which is Nea.politana, has two different 
 kinds of leaves, one kind thin and of a rather triangular 
 form, the other of a thick, roundish character, with a 
 very shining coriaceous upper surface. Some botanical 
 authorities speak of it as Cratcegus crus-galli, var. het- 
 crophylla, referring to its characteristic of growing 
 different leaves. Beyond this variety of the cockspur, 
 still on your left, are scarlet fruited thorn and yellow- 
 wood. 
 
 At the point where this side arm from the larger 
 path meets the Nethermead Circuit Drive by a little 
 offshoot of Walk, you will find at easy points of identi- 
 fication, by the sectional diagram, European hazel, 
 sycamore maple, sweet gum easily known by its star- 
 shaped leaves and fringe tree. Step out on the Drive 
 now and follow it for a little space toward Lookout 
 Hill. Along its left hand border are very hand- 
 some lindens and some of the best grown Col- 
 chicum maples in the Park. These last you can 
 pick out by the peculiarly marked bark of their trunks 
 and by their five to seven lobed leaves. These maples 
 bear their blossoms in erect corymbs. To make their 
 identification sure, the tree next to the west of the 
 lamp-post here is Colchicum maple, then comes syca- 
 more maple (with another just south of it), then an- 
 other Colchicum maple, then a fine tulip tree a little 
 to the south-west of the Colchicum maple. Near the 
 next lamp-post which you pass on your left going 
 west toward Lookout Hill, are several things of in- 
 
J9 6 
 
 terest. Just before you come to it, off to your left, 
 stands another sycamore maple. See how well it 
 merits its name pseudo-platanus. Near it, closer to 
 the Drive and nearer the lamp-post is a Nordmann's 
 silver fir. A little south-west of the lamp-post is a 
 red maple, with another of its kind just beyond it. 
 The next tree west of the lamp-post, and close by the 
 Drive, is Nordmann's silver fir again. What a rich 
 dark green have its leaves. Notice the silver white 
 on their undersides. Directly opposite the lamp-post, 
 on the other side of the Drive and leaning out over 
 the Bridle Path are two fine specimens of the Amer- 
 ican beech, with smooth light gray bark and chestnut- 
 like leaves. Going still westward on the Drive, just 
 back to the south-west of the last Nordmann, you 
 come to a red maple and further over to a noble ever- 
 green, of light feathery aspect, and graceful fountain- 
 spray form of branching. It was perfect before it lost 
 its top branches, but it is beautiful still. It is the 
 Mount Atlas variety of the Cedar of Lebanon (Cedrus 
 Atlantica). You probably have noticed this tree often 
 in your rambles and perhaps have been told that it is 
 Cedar of Lebanon. It is in a way, Cedar of Lebanon. 
 That is it is a variety of it, known botanically as the 
 Mount Atlas Cedar (Cedrus Atlantica). If you com- 
 pare its leaves with those of the Cedrus Libani on the 
 southern slope of Breeze Hill you will see that these 
 have a glaucous tinge over them. In addition they 
 are mostly cylindric, stiff, mucronate or sharp pointed 
 and closely clustered. Those of the Libani are long 
 needle form, taper pointed, few in fascicle and are of 
 
a deep green color. Notice too that this Mount Atlas 
 Cedar throws up its branches in perfect vase form 
 which is characteristic of the Atlantica, whereas the 
 Libani has a distinct horizontal swing to its branches. 
 
 Let us now come back to the junction of the Walk 
 by the black alder and continue along its course 
 toward Swan Boat Lake. On the right, about oppo- 
 site a second offshoot of the Walk to the left, you 
 will find thick clumps of ginseng or Aralia quinque- 
 folia, which you recognize at once by its five leaves. 
 Great masses of Deutzia gracilis bank both sides of 
 this second offshoot of path which climbs a few steps 
 and runs around in a short arc to meet the Drive. We 
 will not follow it now, but will keep on with the path 
 which runs under the Three-Arched-Bridge. 
 
 On your left, about midway between the offshoot 
 of the path and the Bridge, close by the Walk and 
 leaning over it are some trees which you will do well 
 to look at closely. They are Caucasian walnuts and 
 you can know them easily by their long compound 
 leaves made up of from eleven to twenty-odd smooth 
 glossy leaflets. The leaflets have crisped margins. 
 The bark of these trees is curiously streaked or marked 
 with reddish brown lines which make you think of the 
 Halesia or silver bell. Don't miss them, and if possible 
 don't fail to look for their strings of fruits which 
 develop from long, drooping racemes of flowers. It 
 is the wing on the fruit which has given the tree its 
 botanical name Pterocarya. Close by the Bridge, on 
 your left, is English yew. As you come out from 
 under the Bridge and pass the next offshoot of path" 
 
I 9 8 
 
 which springs away to the left, you pass variegated 
 English yew, English yew, rhododendron, thread-like 
 Oriental arbor vitse and golden English yew. 
 
 After a delightful sauntering under darksome 
 shades of hornbeam and hemlock and many other 
 things green and woodsy you are led through a rock 
 bordered glen out upon an edge of Long Meadow. The 
 path branches here and we take the left which leads 
 around the Swan Boat Lake. 
 
 A pretty little black haw stands close by the Walk 
 arid the water, on the right as you go westward. On 
 the left, gathered in a close group about the junction 
 of the Walk are red maple, sweet gum, with Ameri- 
 can chestnut behind it, and then scarlet oak. Further 
 on a little, tall red oaks rear up their strength and 
 beauty, and as the path comes close again to the 
 water, white oak, black haw, chestnut, and two very 
 fine sweet gums quite close to each other overshadow 
 you. As the path joins another which has climbed 
 up from the Drive, it turns north-westward and bends 
 around Swan Boat Lake, over a beautifully set rustic 
 bridge. On the way around this little sheet of water 
 you pass on the right, or water side, Californian privet, 
 black cherry, oleaster, Van Houtte's spiraea, honey 
 locust, with a fine scarlet oak beside it, and all along 
 the north-western border of the lake, handsome sweet 
 gums, chestnuts, pin oak and the finest groups of 
 pepperidge trees in the Park. These last should be 
 seen, by special appointment, in the days of early 
 autumn. Their glossy leaves take the most beautiful 
 shades of rich maroon or brilliant, cool crimson. 
 
199 
 
 If you follow the water course here it will lead you 
 on to a junction of paths near the spot where we 
 came out from Ambergill and at this junction on the 
 Long Meadow we start on our next ramble. 
 
SECTIONAL DIAGRAM 
 
Explanations, Sectional Diagram No. 12 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 1. European hornbeam. 
 
 2. Californian privet. 
 
 3. English elm. 
 
 4. American hornbeam. 
 
 5. American chestnut. 
 
 6. White oak. 
 
 7. Sassafras. 
 
 8. Sweet gum or bilsted. 
 
 9. Smooth branched Eng- 
 
 lish elm. 
 
 10. Scotch elm. 
 
 11. American or white elm. 
 
 12. Red maple. 
 
 13. Indian currant or coral 
 
 berry. 
 
 14. Mountain-ash-leaved 
 
 spiraea. 
 
 15. Tree of Heaven or 
 
 ailanthus. 
 
 16. Ninebark. 
 
 17. Smooth sumac. 
 
 1 8. Common privet. 
 
 19. Spanish chestnut. 
 
 20. Yellow birch. 
 
 21. English oak. 
 
 22. White pine. 
 
 23. Dwarf mountain sumac. 
 2/4. Californian privet. 
 
 25. Austrian pine. 
 
 26. Paper or canoe birch. 
 
 27. Cherry birch. 
 
 28. Black haw. 
 
 29. European or tree alder. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Carpinus betulus. 
 Ligustrum ovalifoliutn. 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 Carpinus Caroiiniana. 
 Castanea sativa, var. Ameri- 
 cana. 
 
 Quercus alba. 
 Sassafras officinale. 
 Liquidambar styraciHua. 
 Ulmus campestris, var. 
 
 Ulmus montana. 
 Ulmus Americana. 
 Acer rubrum. 
 Symphoricarfos vulgaris. 
 
 Spir&a s or bi folia. 
 Ailanthus glandulosus. 
 
 Physocarpus (or Spiraea) op 
 
 ulifolia. 
 RJins glabra. 
 Ligustrum vulgare. 
 Castanea satira. 
 Be tula lutea. 
 Quercus robur. 
 Pinus strobus. 
 Rlius copallina. 
 Ligustrum ovalifolium. 
 Pinus Austriaca. 
 Betula papyrifera. 
 Betula lenta. 
 J 7 iburnum prunifolium. 
 Alnus gluiinosa. 
 
204 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 30. Choke cherry. 
 
 31. English hawthorn. 
 
 32. English elm. 
 
 33. Golden bell or Forsy- 
 
 thia. 
 
 34. Japan quince. 
 
 35. Hackberry or sugarberry. 
 
 36. Weeping European silver 
 
 linden. 
 
 37. Cut-leaved European 
 
 elder. 
 
 38. European linden. 
 
 39. European silver linden. 
 
 40. Silver maple. 
 
 41. Sycamore maple. 
 
 42. Judas tree or redbud. 
 
 43. Variety pyracanthafolia 
 
 of the cockspur thorn. 
 
 44. Ginkgo tree. 
 
 45. Sour gum, tupelo, or 
 
 pepperidge. 
 
 46. Sugar maple. 
 
 47. American basswood. 
 
 48. Small-leaved European 
 
 linden. 
 
 49. Imperial Paulownia. 
 
 50. Indian bean or southern 
 
 catalpa. 
 
 51. Indian bean or southern 
 
 catalpa. 
 
 52. Cucumber tree. 
 
 53. Soulange's magnolia. 
 
 54. Sweet viburnum or 
 
 sheep berry. 
 
 55. Pin oak. 
 
 56. Chestnut oak. 
 
 57. Heart-leaved alder. 
 
 58. Large-racemed dwarf 
 
 horse-chestnut. 
 
 59. Sessile-leaved Weigela. 
 
 60. Swiss stone pine. 
 
 61. Five leaved akebia. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 P I'LL n us Virg in ia na. 
 Cratcegus oxyacantha. 
 Ulmus campestris. 
 Forsythia viridissima. 
 
 Cydonia Japonica. 
 Celt is occidental^ . 
 Tilia Europcea, var. argentca 
 
 (or alba) pcndula. 
 Sambucus nigra, var. la tin - 
 
 iata. 
 
 Tilia Europaa. 
 Tilia Europaa, var. argentca 
 
 (or alba). 
 Acer dasycarpum. 
 Acer pscudoplatanus. 
 Ccrcis Canadensis. 
 Cratcegus crus-galli, var. 
 
 pyracanthafolia. 
 Salisburia adian ti folia. 
 Nyssa syhatica. 
 
 Acer saccharinum. 
 
 Tilia Americana. 
 
 Tilia Europcca, var. parvi- 
 
 folia. 
 
 Paulownia impcrialis. 
 Catalpa bignoniodes. 
 
 Catalpa bignoniodes. 
 
 Magnolia acuminata. 
 Magnolia Soulangcana. 
 Viburnum lentago. 
 
 Quercus palustris. 
 Quercus prinus. 
 Alnus c or di folia. 
 Pavia macrostachyia. 
 
 Dicrvilla sessilifolia. 
 Finns Ccmbra. 
 Akebia quinata. 
 
20 q 
 
 COMMON NAME 
 
 62. Evergreen hawthorn. 
 
 63. European or English 
 
 yew. 
 
 64. Hop hornbeam. 
 
 65. Weigela. 
 
 66. English or field maple. 
 
 67. Kcelreuteria. 
 
 68. Yellow-wood. 
 
 69. Fern-leaved beech. 
 
 70. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 71. Norway maple. 
 
 72. Lawson's erect cypress. 
 
 73. Obtuse-leaved Japan ar- 
 
 bor vitse. 
 
 74. Turkey oak. 
 
 75. Purple-leaved English 
 
 elm. 
 
 76. Curled-leaved English 
 
 elm. 
 
 77. Japan Judas tree. 
 
 78. Pin oak. 
 
 79. Flowering dogwood. 
 
 80. Common sweet pepper 
 
 bush. 
 
 Si. Red oak. 
 82. Bur or mossy-cup oak. 
 
 BOTANICAL NAME 
 
 Cratagus pyracanthafolia. 
 Ta.vus baccata. 
 
 Ostrya Virginica. 
 Diervilla amabilis. 
 Acer campesire. 
 Kcelreuteria paniculata. 
 Cladrastis tinctoria. 
 Fagus sylvatica, var. hetero- 
 
 phylla. 
 
 Cornus florida. 
 Acer platanoides. 
 Cham&cyparis Lawsoniana, 
 
 var. erecta. 
 Cham&cy paris (or Rctinos- 
 
 pora) obtusa var. nana. 
 Quercus cerris. 
 Ulmus campestris, var. 
 
 stricta purpurea. 
 Ulmus campestris, var. ciicu- 
 
 lata. 
 
 Ccrcis Japonica. 
 Quercus palustris. 
 Cornus florida. 
 C let lira aim folia. 
 
 Quercus rubra. 
 Quercus macrocarpa. 
 
XII. 
 
 LONG MEADOW TO PLAZA ENTRANCE. 
 
 In this ramble we start at the fork of the Walk 
 as you come out from Ambergill, and follow the 
 branch that runs along the easterly side of Long 
 Meadow. The trees you pass are well known to you 
 now, if they have not been before, for you have met 
 their kinsmen many times on these rambles. On 
 the right, American hornbeam, American chestnut, and 
 English elm; on the left, European hornbeam, Cali- 
 fornian privet, English elm, American chestnut, white 
 oak, with another chestnut quite near it and you have 
 come to another forking of the Walk. For the present 
 we take the right and follow the easterly side of Long 
 Meadow to Meadow Port Arch. We will then come 
 back and follow the left branch from this fork of 
 the Walk along the westerly side of Long Meadow 
 out to Plaza Entrance. 
 
 As you go north-easterly, you pass three red maples 
 on the left, and about opposite to them, over on the 
 right, well across the green, you find many things of in- 
 terest, in the vicinity of the large clumps of shrubbery 
 there. These masses make a fine display just on the bor- 
 der of the Bridle Path between it and the Walk you are 
 following, and when autumn sends over them the sting- 
 ing breath of her flame, they burst into sudden scarlet 
 and crimson. 
 
20? 
 
 As you pass along the Walk, you notice on the right 
 that the shrubberies form themselves here into some 
 four or five distinct groups, and if you study each group 
 by itself you will have little difficulty in identifying 
 the things indicated on the diagram for this section. 
 
 Beginning with the first group you meet, you will 
 find flanking its southerly border brave little bushes, 
 which you must not fail to see in autumn. These are 
 Indian currant bushes and in the frosty days hang all 
 through them their bright red berries. The berries 
 have given the bush the name of coral berry. Back 
 of the Indian currant border are several young ailan- 
 thus trees, whose leaves you can compare with those 
 of the sumac bushes all about here. About the feet 
 of the ailanthus trees and back of the Indian currant, 
 another clan of soldiery fills up this phalanx of shrub- 
 bery. This you will see, by examining its leaves, is 
 the mountain-ash-leaved spiraea, and if you chance to 
 pass near it in midsummer you will see it all puffed 
 over with the white fluff of its bloom. Around on 
 the south-eastern side of this clump of shrubbery, near 
 the Bridle Path, and about opposite a lamp-post, there 
 is a fine gathering of ninebark, which you know at 
 once by its bark-tattered stems and by its roundish, 
 heart-shaped three lobed leaves. If you go up the 
 Bridle Path a little, you pass at your right some 
 excellent specimens of the common privet, and you can 
 see how different is its leaf from that of the Californian 
 privet. Note the bluish-green tinge of the common 
 privet. About opposite the two clumps of common 
 privet you have at the left, banked in the clump of 
 
208 
 
 shrubbery, .excellent specimens of the smooth sumac. 
 This sumac has leaves quite similar to those of the 
 staghorn sumac, but if you look at its branches you 
 will see that they are very smooth and have none of 
 that woolly, fuzzy pubescence which is the character- 
 istic mark of the staghorn. Indeed, it is this similarity 
 of aspect of its branches (when stripped of leaves) 
 to the young horns of a stag that has given it its 
 name. 
 
 Follow this frst clump right around its margin, 
 and you pass, beyond the smooth sumac, smooth 
 sumac again, then ninebark again, then common privet 
 then back to Indian currant. 
 
 Now let us continue along the path by Long 
 Meadow. We pass another circular clump of shrub- 
 bery on our right. This is smooth sumac and so is 
 the next clump. Then we come to two clumps, mostly 
 ninebark, and another cluster of bushes in the neck 
 of the bank where the Walk and Bridle Path come 
 close together. This is the beautiful Rhus copallina 
 or dwarf mountain sumac, which is so handsome in 
 early autumn. You can tell it at once by the wings 
 on its leaf steam, between each pair of leaflets. 
 
 If when you were on the Bridle Path a moment 
 ago you had not turned in by the smooth sumac but 
 had kept on, you would have passed, on the right, 
 Californian privet, Austrian pine, two handsome white 
 pines side by side, then common privet, and Austrian 
 pine right back of the lamp-post, where the Bridle 
 Path comes into East Drive. Over to the right of 
 
209 
 
 this Austrian pine are two paper birches standing 
 close together. 
 
 Continuing now along the meadow walk, beyond 
 the copallina you meet red maple, cherry, birch, black 
 haw, American hornbeam, California!! privet, black 
 haw again, then a little open stretch, and then choke 
 cherry, with English hawthorn a little back and 
 beyond, and Forsythia very near a spur of the Walk, 
 which bends to the right to climb a few steps to the 
 Drive crossing. Close to the Drive, back of the last 
 mentioned trees and shrubs are several English elms 
 all doing well and all easily recognized by their stal- 
 wart trunks and oak-like thrust of branches. Follow- 
 ing the spur of path here, not across the Drive, but 
 in its semi-circular wandering down a series of steps 
 back to the Walk again, we pass a hackberry right in 
 the fork of its left hand junction and opposite the 
 hackberry, on the right hand bank, Japan quince and 
 European silver linden. 
 
 Now we continue along the meadow path again 
 and the right hand bank has some beautiful lindens 
 both European and American, over which you can 
 well spend many hours of botanizing. As you come 
 near Endale Arch (the Arch beneath which one 
 branch of this Walk passes the Drive and leads 
 out to the right hand exit of the Park at the 
 Plaza) look for the pretty hawthorn with leaves which 
 resemble so much those of the evergreen hawthorn 
 (pyracantha) that they have won for it the name 
 pyracanthafolia. It stands up the bank a little beyond 
 the Judas trees and between a European alder and 
 
2IO 
 
 Endale Arch. You will know it by its small narrow 
 oblanceolate, dark, leathery, shining leaves. It is 
 a variety of the cockspur thorn, and has a kinsman 
 down in the Pool of Vale Cashmere. 
 
 At Endale Arch we turn sharply to our left to take 
 the crosswalk over to the Arch opposite, named long 
 ago by the Park authorities, Meadow Port Arch. 
 It is often familiarly called F Arch, because of its 
 resemblance to that letter. As we turn westward 
 then and follow this arm of the path, you will find an 
 extremely interesting ginkgo tree near Endale Arch on 
 the right of the Walk. It is an especially interesting 
 gingko because it usually fruits abundantly. This is 
 the tree of which we spoke in Chapter IX., and if you 
 wish to see the fruit of the ginkgo come to it early 
 in the fall. If you have a sensitive nose you had 
 better look at the fruit from the Walk. 
 
 Follow the path until you come about opposite 
 the lamp-post up on the Drive at your right. Not 
 quite in line with it, but near enough for you to locate 
 it stands a handsome sugar maple a little to the right 
 of the Walk. It is an excellent type of its variety, 
 and its low hung branches make it a good tree on 
 which to see its flowers at close range. This tree 
 flowers very abundantly and in April or May you 
 may find them hanging in long umbel-like clusters, 
 just about the time the tree is 'clothing itself with 
 leaves. The wings of its fruit do not quite form a 
 right angle. This, by the way, is one of the best 
 means of identifying a maple, by noting the angle of 
 
211 
 
 the wings of its keys. In botanical terms, a key is a 
 winged fruit. 
 
 Just before you came to this sugar maple you 
 passed on your left, about midway between the 
 ginkgo tree and the sugar maple, a good specimen 
 of the sour gum or pepperidge or tupelo, as it is often 
 called. I never get tired of singing the praises of 
 these sour gum trees. They are like crusts of bread 
 to the lenses of the eye, when winter has whipped off 
 their leaves and shows them forth in all their gnarled 
 and twisted beauty. What a fire slumbers in their 
 glossy leaves ! The sour gum flowers in April or 
 May, in dense clusters, and its fruit, eggshaped, is 
 bluish black, clustered two or three together on long 
 stems from the axils of the leaves. This tree's leaf 
 has its margin entire, but often beyond the middle 
 strongly angulated. The leaf is thick and shining 
 on the upper side, with a rich gloss. You can pick 
 the tree out at once by its trick of growing its leaves 
 in crowded clusters near the ends of the branches. 
 In autumn no tree in the Park puts on such rich, 
 lustrous, brilliant tones of crimson, maroon, and sub- 
 dued mahogany. 
 
 Beyond the sugar maple, as you go westward along 
 this Walk, you pass on the right, about opposite the 
 Thatched Shelter, an American basswood. Have you 
 noticed the distinct yellowish cast in the green of the 
 American basswood? It is especially distinct in late 
 July or August, and is a sure mark of the tree. 
 
 Further along on your left, you pass a clump of 
 many interesting things, gathered close together in 
 
212 
 
 this comer of Long Meadow. By the way, what a 
 lovely meadow this is ! Either in summer sunshine, 
 when it rolls away in velvet swells, or on gray days 
 when wreathing wraiths of mist half enfold it with 
 slow dragging vails of cloud, or in winter when it 
 lies hushed in driven snow on which the shadows of 
 elms and lindens draw silhouettes of delicate violet. 
 
 But to come back again. On the left, we have here 
 some fine specimens of the catalpa, magnolia and a 
 tree which I do not think you have met before if you 
 have followed these rambles. There are kinsmen of 
 ir in the Park, but they are in parts away from 
 the walks. The tree is quite common on the streets 
 of the city, and I suppose has been often mistaken 
 for a catalpa. But, though indeed it looks much like 
 one, it is quite different. The catalpa belongs to the 
 Bignoniaceae or Bignonia family, and this tree, the 
 Paulownia imperialis belongs to the Scrophulariaceae 
 or figwort family. They resemble each other in form 
 (slightly) and leaf (quite closely), but in fruit they 
 are extremely different. The Paulowma is a very 
 interesting tree in winter because of its conspicuous 
 fruit and bud clusters of next spring's flowers. These 
 stand up very noticeably on the upper branches of 
 the tree, clear and distinct against the sky, a sure 
 sign of the tree's identity. Take a bunch of grapes, 
 pluck off the grapes, turn what you have left point 
 up and you will have, if you hold it off from you a 
 little, a very fair imitation of what these bud clusters 
 look like. On these the tree's flowers bloom in early 
 spring, before the leaves come out, if the winter has 
 
213 
 
 not been severe. A hard winter kills the buds and 
 then they fail to bloom. The flowers are of a beau- 
 tiful violet color, heavily fragrant and resemble the 
 flowers of the catalpa, long, funnel form, with flaring 
 flanges of lobes. This tree gets its name from Paul- 
 ownia, daughter of the Czar, Paul I., and it was 
 brought into Russia from Japan. It has been widely 
 introduced in this country and having escaped from 
 cultivation has become really native. The tree, as 
 has been said above, is very catalpa-like, both in its 
 habit of sending out rambling, sprawling branches 
 and in its foliage. Its leaves are, however, more 
 pointed and angular than those of the catalpa. Its 
 bark is also very different, darker and more like that 
 of the ailanthus. It is a tree which is often, in winter, 
 mistaken for both the ailanthus and the catalpa, but 
 its flower-bud sign will set you straight. Often in 
 winter you will see clinging to this flower stalk the 
 fruit husks of the tree, ovate, pointed capsules, about 
 one and a half inches long, densely packed with many 
 flat-winged seeds, and if you find one of the fallen 
 pods on the ground break it open and see the delicate 
 little brown seeds winged with white fluff. Botani- 
 cally the tree is Paulo wnia imperialis and, as has been 
 said, belongs to the figwort family. You will find a 
 fine Paulownia in the center of the group of catalpas 
 here. 
 
 A few steps further on brings us to Meadow Port 
 Arch. We will not pass through it now, but will 
 go back to the fork of the Walk down on Long 
 Meadow, where we branched off to the rieht to follow 
 
214 
 
 the easterly path along the Meadow. Now we will 
 follow the path skirting the westerly side of the 
 Meadow and to do it, we take at the fork here the 
 left hand branch. 
 
 You no doubt are already familiar with many of 
 the trees we pass and we will hurry on a little, beneath 
 the overhanging branches of chestnut, hickory, sweet 
 gum and soft maples, to the next fork of the Walk. 
 A very handsome young pin oak stands in the very 
 point of the south-eastern angle made by the junction 
 of the paths. Hunt for its beautiful, small acorn, the 
 tiniest, daintiest nut. It is scarcely half an inch long 
 and its cup is extremely shallow saucer-shaped and 
 is almost sessile. 
 
 Continue along the cross-walk here to the Drive, 
 and follow the Drive southward until you come to 
 an arm of it leading off at your right. This arm has 
 its point of junction about opposite a lamp-post, on 
 the left. In the clump of things clustered in the 
 south-west angle of this fork of the Drive, you will 
 find one very peculiar and very interesting tree. It 
 is the heart-leaved alder and has grown to the dignity 
 of a good sized tree. You will have no trouble in 
 finding it, for the telltale alder "cones" hang thickly all 
 through it, black, and very easily seen. But look 
 at its leaves. See how heart-shaped they are. Note 
 their dark shining green. This tree comes from 
 Southern Europe and after it gets a hold on 
 the soil, grows well. It bears its flowers, greenish- 
 brown in March or April before the leaves come out. 
 It stands here in a triangle made up of itself, a chest- 
 
215 
 
 nut, and a silver maple, and of this triangle it fills 
 the western corner. 
 
 Let us now come back to the pin oak at the fork 
 of the Walk, where we broke off to cross the Drive. 
 We will now follow its north-westerly branch, which 
 skirts the westerly side of Long Meadow. 
 
 Between the fork by the pin oak and the next 
 branching of the path there is a good bush of the 
 sweet viburnum not very far along on your left. You 
 will know it by its very finely serrated leaves. It is also 
 quite close to a chestnut which will serve you as an 
 index to its position. 
 
 As you follow the Walk along, beyond the Shelter 
 it bends in toward West Drive. Just as it begins to 
 turn away from West Drive, if you leave the path 
 and step across the grass to the Drive, you will find 
 close by it, a tree that will interest you. It is the 
 Turkey oak, and it is a good one. Have you ever 
 seen the acorns of the Turkey oak? If not you have 
 something to see. For ragged ends of fringe the 
 bur oak acorn does pretty well, but it is not a circum- 
 stance to what the acorn of the Turkey oak can do. 
 Hunt around for one. They are worth seeing. They 
 are ovate and have a very bristly fringed hemispherical 
 cup. The leaves of this tree are rich, glossy green, 
 oblong, very deeply and unequally notched into 
 pinnate sinuses, and are on very short stalks. Their 
 lobes are rather angularly cut. To find this tree more 
 readily it is not far from a chestnut which also stands 
 close by the Drive. Almost directly across the Drive 
 from these two trees stands a lamp-post, and to its 
 
2l6 
 
 right, if you get your back to it and face west, down 
 on the slope, is a bur oak. North-west of the bur oak 
 stands English oak, very close to the Walk. Still 
 keeping your stand by the lamp-post, to your left, 
 up the rise a little is white oak, and west of it, red 
 oak. Lamp-posts are not to be despised. They can 
 be used to light the steps in more ways than one 
 and I hope you have found them sprinkled very 
 generously over the diagrams of this book. Their 
 presence, I thought, would serve to correct judg- 
 ments of distance or to reassure judgments of correct 
 distancing. Sometimes it happens that a bush is cut 
 out or a tree cut down. Landmarks of this kind often 
 disappear, but lamp-posts are not cut down so fre- 
 quently. 
 
 Let us now come back to the Walk again. We 
 pass over quite a little stretch of meadow until we 
 come near two catalpas that have been cut down to 
 mere stumps of trunks. These are on the right of 
 the Walk, and not very far from Meadow Port Arch. 
 If you cut across from them, to the left, over the 
 grass and across the Drive, you will find another 
 lamp-post. The first tree to the south of this lamp- 
 post, on the Drive, is a purple leaved English elm, 
 the next is an Austrian pine, the next is a curled- 
 leaved English elm and is located directly opposite 
 another lamp-post on the other side of the Drive, so 
 you can scarcely help finding these trees. Back of 
 lamp-post number one, in this enlightened gathering 
 of things botanical and mineral, you will find another 
 Turkey oak, close by the Walk and in fine condition. 
 
If you go back now to the Walk on the Meadow 
 again and go through Meadow Port Arch you will 
 come out upon a little island of shrubbery set down 
 very cozily just in front of the Arch. This island 
 has somewhat the form of a spherical triangle with 
 the longer side (the westerly) indented by a curving 
 bay. We begin with the branch that slips off at our 
 left as we come from the Arch, and follow around 
 this island of shrubbery. In the easterly angle of 
 the island, just as you come from the Arch, is ever- 
 green thorn (Cratcegus pyracantha) with dark shin- 
 ing foliage. This shrub bears light pink flowers and 
 orange-scarlet berries in the winter. A Swiss stone 
 pine fills the south-westerly angle of the island and 
 just this side of it, that is east of it, is a good bush 
 of the sessile-leaved Weigela. Diagonally across from 
 the Swiss stone pine, on the opposite border of the 
 path, parallel with the boundary line of the Park, is 
 an excellent clump of the dwarf long-racemed buck^ 
 eye. This shrub is very handsome in July, when it 
 throws up tall, tapering racemes of white bloom, 
 which stand up over its horizontally spreading leaves in 
 a very conspicuous manner. The leaves are themselves 
 very handsome, of thin, fine texture, palmately com- 
 pound. They make a fine showing for the shrub, even 
 when it is not in bloom. You will find this bush direct- 
 ly i . front of you as you come from the left branch path 
 beside the island of shrubbery. Following the cir- 
 cumference of this island, northward, you meet in its 
 northerly angle a well grown ginkgo tree with straight 
 
shaft and branches thrown out at angles of about 
 forty-five degrees ; with beautiful fan-like leaves that 
 make you think of the maiden-hair fern. 
 
 From the ginkgo tree, following the border of the 
 "island" back now toward the Arch, stands English 
 yew and then Scotch elm. The elm is higher up on 
 the bank. 
 
 This completes our reconnaissance of the island 
 and we leave it by the path which, branching from 
 the right as you go from Meadow Port Arch, climbs 
 up a little rise beyond the ginkgo and finally comes 
 out at the Plaza. At Thatched Shelter it forks again 
 to wreathe, in its leisurely rambling, another "island" 
 and flows together again a little further beyond. We 
 go down the left branch past a well grown hop-horn- 
 beam on the left (just at the break of the fork) and 
 then on the right, as we go on, Weigela, English fitld 
 maple, yellow-wood, Koelreuteria and yellow-wood 
 again. On the left, just as you come out at the con- 
 fluence of the two branches of the path, are hop-, 
 hornbeam again and flowering dogwood. 
 
 As the path flows together again and we follow 
 it, we pass on the right, one after another, stand- 
 ing almost side by side four black haws. Directly 
 across to the right of the third one, on the border of 
 the Drive, you will find American elm and near the 
 Exit, beyond the elm, by the Drive, is Austrian pine 
 with another beside it, to the left. In between the 
 Austrian pines and a little back of the American elm 
 is sycamore maple. This you know readily by its 
 
219 
 
 buttonwood-like leaves. Another Koclreuteria has 
 taken up position to the side of the sycamore maple. 
 The American elm, the sycamore maple, and the 
 Koclreuteria are almost in a line with each other, 
 the line cutting the Walk at an angle of about forty- 
 five degrees. 
 
 As you follow the Walk out from the Park, in 
 the corner at your right, are clustered many beau- 
 tiful things. Indeed, too many to mark them on 
 any diagram, but perhaps you may pick some of 
 them out by a brief text description and by noting 
 their locality which can only be indicated. The 
 small evergreen in the corner, nearest the Exit, with 
 the pretty curved fan-shaped sprays of close, blunt 
 leaves is Retinospora obtnsa, var. nana; the shrub 
 just this side of it, by the path, is Lawson's erect 
 cypress and you can tell it by its leafsprays which 
 seem to grow in vertical planes like series of parti- 
 tions. There is another evergreen of the same kind 
 just beyond it, over toward the stone wall that flanks 
 the Park on the north. 
 
 With the identification of these evergreens, this lit- 
 tle book of Park rambles draws to a close. It is 
 intended as a beginner's book, and if it has awak- 
 ened in the hands of its users a desire to know more 
 about the beautiful things of our Park, gathered 
 there with so much labor, with so much judgment, 
 and at such expense, it will have more than suc- 
 ceeded in its purpose. Go out to our exquisite Park. 
 Study its flowers, its shrubs, its trees, with a pur- 
 
220 
 
 pose, and your reward will be great. Every ram- 
 ble will have something new to tell you. Though you 
 walk it for years, every leafy way shall unfold to you 
 some fresh secret, and the old story of the seasons 
 will be always a new one for you. 
 
 THE END, 
 
221 
 
 INDEX OF COMMON NAMES. 
 
 [Numerals in full lace type refer to the explanation tables and the numerals 
 not in full face type to the tree or shrub number on each table.] 
 
 X.Abele tree or white poplar, -Chestnut, 2, 15; 4, n ; 
 
 10, 71. 
 
 Adam's needle, 3, 48. 
 African Cedar. See Mount 
 
 Atlas Cedar. 
 Ailanthus, 9, 56; 12, 15. 
 
 10, 108; u, ii ; 12, 5. 
 - Elm; 3, 10; 4, 49; 6, 9; 
 7, 17, 26; 8, 33; 9, 74: 
 10, 101 ; ii, 27; 12, 
 
 ii. 
 Akebia, Five-leaved, I, 71 ; Hazel, i, 54. 
 
 10, 35; 12, 61. 
 Alcock's spruce, 6, 57. 
 < Alder, Black, or common 
 
 winterberry, ii, 33. 
 European, i, 113; 4, 64; 
 
 6, 75 7, 58; 8, 29; 
 
 Holly, i, 121 ; 10, 54; 
 
 n, 28. 
 
 Hornbeam, 2, 5; 4, 20; 5, 
 
 6 1 ; 6, 24, 25, 34, 39, 46 ; 
 7, 40; 10, 64; n, 19; 
 
 12, 4. 
 
 9, 13; 10, 93; 12, 29. Larch, 10, 105. 
 
 European, Imperial cut- Strawberry Bush, ii, 17. 
 
 leaved, 2, 46. 
 
 Heart-leaved, 12, 57. 
 
 Hoary, 7, 61. 
 
 Smooth, 9, 99. 
 
 Speckled, 7, 61. 
 
 Tree. See Alder, Euro- 
 
 pean. 
 Allspice, Carolina, ii, 16. 
 
 White ash, i, 92; 3, 73; 
 
 4, 35; 5, 20; 6, 45; 
 7, 25; 8, 3; 10, 62. 
 
 White elm, 3, 10; 4, 49; 
 
 6, 9; 7, 17, 26; 8, 33; 
 9, 74; 10, 101. 
 
 White or gray birch, 4, 
 
 55; 6, 21 ; 7, 59; n, 26. 
 
 Carolina, Glaucous-leaved, Willow, New; 9, 41. 
 
 II, 22. Amorpha fructicosa, 5, 46. 
 
 Alternate-leaved dogwood, 9, Andromeda Axillaris, I, 77; 
 
 101. 
 
 10, 56. 
 
 Althaea or Rose of Sharon, Catesby's, 6, 61. 
 
 ii, 31- 
 
 Amelanchier. See Shadbush. 
 
 Angelica tree, I, 78; 85; 9, 
 18. 
 
 American Arbor Vitse, Pyra- Aralia, Spiny, I, 78, 85; 9, 
 
 midal variety, 5, 24. 
 
 18. 
 
 Basswood, i, 22; 3, 34; 4, Arbor Vitae, American, Pyra- 
 62; 6, 5, 48; 7, 20, 39; midal variety, 5, 24. 
 
 9, 78; 12, 47. 
 
 Chinese, 3, 23. 
 
 Beech, i, 115; 2, 54; n, Japan, Blunt-leaved, ii, 
 
 54- 
 
 Bladder nut, 10, 34. 
 
 Button wood, i, 97. 
 
 56. 
 
 Japan, Golden pea-fruit- 
 ing; 3, 18. 
 
222 
 
 Japan, Golden plume- 
 
 leaved; i, 4. 
 
 Japan, Obtuse-leaved; 12, 
 
 73- 
 
 Japan, Plume-leaved ; I, 5 ; 
 
 3, 39; 6. 62; 10, 33. 
 
 Japan, Variety squarrosa, 
 
 i, 6; 3, 70. 
 
 Oriental, Thread-like; n, 
 
 69. 
 
 Arrowwood, i, 55; 5, 40; 8, 
 44; 9, 48; 10, 79. 
 
 Maple-leaved or dock- 
 
 mackie, 2, 44. 
 
 Ash, American white, i, 92; 
 3, 73; 4, 35; 5, 20; 
 6, 45; 7, 25; 8, 3; 
 10, 62. 
 
 Aucuba-leaved, 8, 19; 9, 
 
 58. 
 
 European, 3, 36; 9, 10. 
 
 European, Crisp-leaved; 
 
 3, 74- 
 
 European flowering, i, 
 
 23; 3, 7, 67; 5, 8; 6, 16; 
 
 8, 18; 9, 25; 10, 112. 
 
 European flowering. Wil- 
 
 low-leaved ; o, 3. 
 
 European, Single-leaved, 
 
 i, no; 5, i; 8, 5, 26. 
 
 European, Weeping, i, 
 
 104. 
 
 European, Willow-leaved; 
 
 i, 108. 
 
 Northern prickly, 8, 31. 
 
 Willow-leaved, European 
 
 flowering, 9, 3. 
 
 Ashberry or Japan mahonia, 
 10, 17. 
 
 Ash-leaved maple or box el- 
 der, i, 93; 2, 4; 4, 6; 
 5, 55; 6, 27; 8, 9; 
 
 9, 26; n, 42. 
 Aucuba, Japan, 3, '41. 
 Aucuba-leaved ash, 8, 19; 9, 
 
 58. 
 
 Austrian pine, i, 2; 2, 52; 3, 
 6; 4, 9; 5, 42; 6, 14; 
 
 9, 43; 10, 30; 12, 25. 
 Azalea, Garden, 3, 72. 
 
 Ghent, 3, 38. 
 
 Lovely, i, 73; 3, 42. 
 Babylonian Willow, i, 64; 
 
 10, 109. 
 
 Willow, Golden-barked, 9, 
 
 50. 
 
 Bald Cypress 7, 52; 8, 15; 
 10, 31. 
 
 Cypress, Weeping, 2, 32; 
 
 6, 44; 9, 55. 
 Barberry, Common, 4, 43; 7, 
 
 34; 8, 39- 
 
 Japan. See Barberry, 
 
 Thunb erg's, 
 
 Purple, r, 68; 4, 42; 7, 
 
 41. 
 
 Thunberg's, 4, 13. 
 Basswood, American, i, 22; 
 
 3, 34; 4, 62; 6, 5, 48; 
 7,20,39; 9, 78; 12,47. 
 
 Bay or laurel-leaved willow, 
 
 7, 28; 9, 69; 10, 80; 94. 
 Bay, Sweet ; or Swamp mag- 
 nolia; i, 106; 10, 60. 
 
 Bayberry, 9, 47. 
 Beam tree, White; n, 75. 
 Bean trefoil tree. See Lab- 
 urnum. 
 Beech, American, i, 115; 2, 
 
 54; ii, 54- 
 
 Blue. See Hornbeam, 
 
 American. 
 
 Copper, i, 19; 3, 52; 10, 
 
 44. 
 
 European, i, 102; 2, 66; 
 
 4, 58; 5, 2. 
 
 European purple, 9, 42 ; 
 
 10, 67. 
 
 European weeping, i, 16; 
 
 8, 7 : 9, 49- 
 
 Fern-leaved, i, 70; 10, 
 
 103; 12, 69. 
 
- Purple European, 9, 42; 
 
 10, 67. 
 
 Water. See Hornbeam, 
 
 American, 
 
 Weeping European, I, 16; 
 
 8, 7; 9. 49- 
 Bhotan pine, I, 37; 2, 25, 
 
 43; 4, 7; 10, 5. 
 Big shellbark or kingnut 
 
 hickory, 10, 114. 
 Bilsted. See Sweet gum. 
 Birch, American white or 
 
 gray, 4, 55; 6, 21; 7, 
 
 59; n, 26. 
 
 Canoe. See Birch, paper. 
 
 Cherry, 2, 53; 4, 22; 5, 
 
 62; 6, 37, 42; 7, 47; n, 
 87; 12, 27. 
 
 European white, 9, I, 76. 
 
 European white, Cut- 
 
 le'aved or weeping, 9, 23. 
 
 Gray, or American white 
 
 birch, 4, 55; 6, 21; 7, 
 59; II, 26. 
 
 - Paper or canoe, I, 12; 4, 
 
 26; 5, 18; 7, 435 12, 26. 
 
 Red, i, 103. 
 
 - River, I, 103. 
 
 White, American or gray, 
 
 4, 55; 6, 21 ; 7, 59; 
 n, 26. 
 
 White European, 9, i 
 
 76. 
 
 - Yellow, 6, 2; 12, 20. 
 Bird cherry, European; 6, 
 
 32; 8, 25. 
 
 Black Alder or common win- 
 terberry, n, 33. 
 
 Birch. See Cherry birch. 
 
 Cherry, 4, 59; 5, 51; 6, 
 
 42; 9, 64; 10, 50; n, 80. 
 
 Gum. See Sour gum. 
 
 Haw, 2, 38; 5, 26; 6, 43; 
 
 8, 10 ; 9, 85; 10, 73; 
 n, i ; 12, 28. 
 
 - Hawthorn, 5,559, 12, 2t. 
 
 - Mulberry, 2, 48. 
 
 Oak, 2, 56; 4, 44; 9, 52; 
 
 n, 10 ; 11,25. 
 
 Thorn. See Black haw- 
 
 thorn. 
 
 Walnut, i, 91; 3, 8; 4, 
 
 60. 
 Bladder nut, American, 10, 
 
 - Senna, 9, 103. 
 
 Blue willow, 3, 57; 10, 81. 
 
 Blunt-leaved Japan arbor 
 vitse, n, 56. 
 
 Bocconia. Sec Tree celan- 
 dine. 
 
 Box or boxwood, 10, 4, 25, 
 96. 
 
 Box elder or ash-leaved ma- 
 ple, i, 93; 2, 4; 4, 6; 
 5, 55; 6, 27; 8, 9; 
 9, 26; n, 42. 
 
 Bridal-wreath spiraea, i, 44; 
 . 5, 35; 7t 13- 
 
 Bristly locust, 5, 44. 
 
 Broad-leaved European lin- 
 den, 4, 46; 5, 32, 63, 64; 
 
 7, 3- 
 Buckeye, Sweet, 10, 58. 
 
 Yellow flowered, 2, 37. 
 Buckthorn, Common, 9, 73. 
 Bumald's spiraea, i, 8. 
 Bunge's catalpa, i, 62; 3, 78; 
 
 9, 81 ; 10, in. 
 Bur oak, i, 117; 8, 47; 9, 
 
 96; 12, 82. 
 Bush Cranberry, I, 21 ; 10, 
 
 76; II, 59. 
 
 Deutzia, 6, 38; 8, 30; 9, 
 
 87 ; 10, 2. 
 
 Deutzia, Variety Pride of 
 
 Rochester, 7, 60; 8, 51, 
 
 n, 64. 
 
 Buttonbush, I, 79; 2, 36. 
 Button wood, i, 97. 
 
224 
 
 Californian privet, I, 94; 2, 
 i; 4, 40; 8, 16; 9, 44; 
 n, 18; 12, 2, 24. 
 
 Camperdown elm, 2, 41 ; 3, i ; 
 
 4, 30; 9 40; 10, 3; 
 n, 71. 
 
 Canoe birch, I, 12; 4, 26; 5, 
 
 18; 7, 43; 12, 26. 
 Carolina Allspice, n, 16. 
 
 Allspice, Glaucous-leaved, 
 
 11, 22. 
 
 Catalpa, Dwarf Japan 
 
 (Bunge's catalpa) I, 62; 
 3, 78; 9, 81 ; ID, in. 
 
 Southern or Indian bean 
 
 tree, i, 63; 6, n ; 8, 41 ; 
 
 12, 50. 
 
 Catesby's andromeda, 6, 61. 
 Caucasian walnut, n, 61. 
 Cedar, African, 11, 53. 
 
 Deodar, or Indian, 3, 71. 
 
 Lebanon, 9, 102. 
 
 Japan, 6, 54. 
 
 Mount Atlas, II, 53. 
 
 Red, 5, 23. 
 Celandine, Tree, 10, 48. 
 Cephalonian silver fir, i, 33; 
 
 3, 17; 10, 47- 
 Cherry Birch, 2, 53; 4, 22; 
 
 5, 62; 6, 37, 42; 7, 47; 
 ii 87; 12, 27. 
 
 Bird. European; 6, 32; 8, 
 
 25- 
 
 Black, 4 , 59; 5, 51; 6, 
 
 42; 9, 64; 10, 50; n, 
 80. 
 
 Choke, 4, 24; 5, 52; 12, 
 
 30. 
 
 Cornelian, i, 15, 98; 2, 2; 
 
 3, 9; 8, 52. 
 
 Wild red, 2, 26. 
 Chestnut, American, 2, 15; 
 
 4, n; 10, 108; n, n; 
 12, 5 
 
 Oak, 12, 56. 
 
 Spanish, i, 100; 12, 19. 
 
 China, Maple of Northern, 9, 
 
 63- 
 Chinese Arbor Vitse, 3, 23. 
 
 Cork tree, 6, 60. 
 
 Lilac, Weeping, 3, 60. 
 
 Podocarpus, 3, 31. 
 
 Quince. 5, 48. 
 
 Wistaria, 7, 7; 10, 37. 
 Choke, cherry, 4, 24; 5, 52; 
 
 12, 30. 
 
 Cockspur Thorn, Oval-leaved 
 variety, 9, 86. 
 
 Thorn, Variety Neapoli- 
 
 tana, n, 36. 
 
 Thorn, Variety pyracan- 
 
 thafolia, i, 72; 12, 43. 
 Coffee-tree, Kentucky, i, 36; 
 
 3, 26; 5, 50; 9, 45. 
 Colchicum-leaved maple, 3, 
 
 14; n, 50. 
 Colorado blue spruce, 2, 19; 
 
 4, 8. 
 
 Common Barberry, 4, 43; 7, 
 
 34: 8, 39- 
 
 Buckthorn, 9, 73. 
 
 Elder, i, 56; ,7, 51; 10, 
 
 15, 46, 92. 
 
 Horsechestnut, i, 61. 
 
 Locust, i, 32; 4, 28; 9, 
 
 66; 10, 66. 
 
 Privet, n, 20; 12, 18. 
 
 Snowball or guelder rose, 
 
 1, 40; 8, 49. 
 
 Sweet pepper bush, 2, n ; 
 
 ip, 22; n, 4; 12, 80. 
 
 Winterberry or black al- 
 
 der, n, 33. . 
 Copper beech, i, 19; 3, 52; 
 
 10, 44. 
 
 Coral berry, 12, 13. 
 Cork tree, Chinese, 6, 60. 
 Cork bark elm, English; i, 
 
 82; 2, 51; 3, 49) 4 48; 
 
 9, 2. 
 Cornelian cherry, i, 15. 98; 
 
 2, 2; 3, 9; 8, 52. 
 
225 
 
 Corsican pine, I, 89. 
 Cranberry, Bush, i, 21 ; 10, 
 
 76; n, 59- 
 Crisp-leaved European ash, 3, 
 
 Cryptomeria Japonica. See 
 
 Japan cedar. 
 Cucumber tree, 5, 37; 7, 36; 
 
 9, 5; 10, 63; n, 39; 
 
 12, 52. 
 
 Cunninghamia, 3, 27. 
 Curled-leaved English elm, 
 12, 76. 
 
 - Willow, Q, 79. 
 Currant, Indian, 12, 13. 
 
 Missouri, n, 8. 
 Cut-leaved European alder, 
 
 Imperial ; 2, 46. 
 
 European elder, 10, 53; 
 
 12, 37. 
 
 Silver maple, Weir's, 9, 
 
 107; 10, 83. 
 
 Weeping European white 
 
 birch, 9, 23. 
 Cypress, Bald, 7, 52; 8, 15; 
 
 10, 31. 
 
 Bald, Weeping; 2, 32; 
 
 6, 44; 9, 55. 
 
 Ground, Japan. See Japan 
 
 arbor vita:. 
 
 - Lawson's erect, 12, 72. 
 Day lily, 3, n. 
 
 Deodar or Indian cedar, 3, 71 
 
 Deutzia, Bush or Fortune's, 
 
 6, 38; 8, 30; 9, 87; 
 
 10, 2. 
 
 -7- Bush or Fortune's, Variety 
 Pride of Rochester; 7, 
 60; 8, 51; n, 64. 
 
 - Slender, i, 67; 3, 30; 10, 
 
 39; n, 40. 
 Devil's walking stick, i, 78, 
 
 85; 9, 18. 
 Dockmackie, 2, 44. 
 Dogwood, Alternate-leaved, 
 
 9, 101, 
 
 Flowering, I, 69; 3, 4; 
 
 4, 25; 5, 30. 59; 7, 44; 
 10, 75; ii, 12; 12, 70, 
 79- 
 
 Panicled, n, 3. 
 
 Red flowering, 4, 29. 
 Dotted fruited hawthorn, 2, 
 
 3 ; 2, 28. 
 Double red-flowering peach, 
 
 3, 63. 
 
 Dutchman's pipe, n, 72. 
 Dwarf Catalpa (Japan), i, 
 
 62; 3, 78; 9, 81 ; 10, 
 
 in. 
 
 Horsechestnut, Large ra- 
 
 cemed, i, 66; 10, no; 
 12, 58. 
 
 Mountain sumac, i, 46; 
 
 9, 60, 94; 12, 23. 
 
 White spiraea, Fortune's, 
 
 1, 81. 
 
 Eagle's claw maple, i, 9. 
 Elaeagnus. See Oleaster. 
 Elder, Common, i, 56; 7, 51; 
 
 10, 15, 46, 92. 
 
 European cut-leaved, 10, 
 
 S3! 12, 37. 
 
 Elm, American or white, 3, 
 10 ; 4, 49; 6, 9; 7, 17, 26; 
 
 8, 33; 9> 74; 10, 101; 
 n, 27; 12, ii., 
 
 Camperdown, 2, 41 ; 3, 
 
 i; 4, 30; 9, 40; 10, 3; 
 n, 71. 
 
 English, 2, 16; 4, 10; 5, 
 
 49; 7, 29, 31; 8, i; 10, 
 36, 99; 12, 3, 32. 
 
 English cork bark, i, 82; 
 
 2, 51; 3, 49; 4. 48; 
 
 9, 2. 
 
 English, Curled-leaved. 
 
 12, 76. 
 
 English, Plume-leaved, 6, 
 
 64- 
 
 English, Purple-leaved, i, 
 
 86; 12, 75. 
 
226 
 
 English, Smooth branched, 
 
 12, 9. 
 
 Purple-leaved English, i, 
 
 86; 12, 75. 
 
 Scotch, i, ii ; 2, 49; 3, 
 
 50; 7, 46; 8, 8; 9. 75; 
 
 11, 60; 12, 10. 
 
 White, 3, 10 ; 4, 49; 6, 9; 
 
 7, 17, 26; 8, 33; 9, 74, 
 10, 101 ; n, 27; 12, ii. 
 English Cork bark elm, i, 82; 
 2, 51; 3, 49; 4. 48; 
 9, 2. 
 
 Elm, 2, 16; 4, 10; 5, 49; 
 
 7, 29, 31; 8, i; 10, 36, 
 99; 12, 3, 32. 
 
 Elm, Curled-leaved, 12, 
 
 76. 
 
 Elm, Plume-leaved, 6, 64. 
 
 Elm, Purple-leaved, i, 86; 
 
 12, 75. 
 
 Elm, Smooth branched; 
 
 12, 9. 
 
 - Field maple, I, 25; 2, 
 59; 4 54; 5 66; 10, 23; 
 12, 66. 
 
 Hawthorn, i, 20; 2, 14; 
 
 4, 34; 5, 53; 8, 43; 
 9, ii, 28, 90; 10, 90; 
 12, 31. 
 
 Maple. See English -field 
 
 maple. 
 
 Oak, i, 65; 9, 100 ; 12, 21. 
 
 Oak, Weeping, i, i. 
 
 Walnut, i, 122; 2, 34. 
 
 Yew, 3. 16; 10, 19; ii, 
 
 62; 12, 63. 
 
 Yew, Golden; ii, 70. 
 
 Yew, Variegated; 2, 42; 
 
 6, 63; n, 67. 
 
 Yew, Weeping; 3, 68. 
 European Alder, I, 113; 4, 
 
 64; 6, 7; 7, 58; 8, 29; 
 9, 13; 10, 93; 12, 29. 
 
 Alder, Imperial cut leaved, 
 
 2, 46- 
 
 Ash, 3, .36; 9. 10. 
 
 Ash, Crisp-leaved, 3, 74. 
 
 Ash, Single-leaved, i, no; 
 
 5, i; 8, 5, 26. 
 
 Ash, Weeping, i, 104. 
 
 Ash, Willow-leaved; i, 
 
 108. 
 
 Beech, i, 102, 2, 66; 4, 58; 
 
 5, 2. 
 
 Beech, Purple, 9, 42. 
 
 Beech, Weeping; 8, 7. 
 
 Birch, White. See Birch, 
 
 European white. 
 
 Bird cherry, 6, 32; 8, 25. 
 
 Elder, Cut-leaved; 10, 53; 
 
 12, 37- 
 
 Powering ash, i, 23; 3, 
 
 7, 67; 5, 8; 6, 16; 8, 18; 
 9, 25; 10, 112. 
 
 Flowering ash, Willow- 
 
 leaved, 9, 3. 
 
 Hazel, i, 52; 2, 10 ; 6, 33; 
 
 8, 21 ; 10, 98; n, 43. 
 
 Holly, I, 48; 3, 40. 
 
 Hornbeam, i, 39; 2, 47; 
 
 6, 4; 10, 95; 100; n, 
 77; 12, i. 
 
 Larch, 6, 13, 29; 10, 43, 
 
 107. 
 
 Larch, Weeping, 6, 23 ; 
 
 8, 14; 9. 8. 
 
 Linden, i, 26; 2, 12; 3, 
 
 29; 4, 35 5, 3i; 6, 47; 
 
 7, i; 9, 91; n, 48; 
 12, 37. 
 
 Linden, Broad-leaved, 4, 
 
 46; 5, 32, 63, 64; 7 3- 
 
 Linden, Silver; i, 27; 2, 
 
 6; 3, 44; 5 33, 36; 6, 
 49; 7, 2; 8, 6; 9, 9; 
 ii, 49; 12, 39. 
 
 Linden, Small-leaved, 9, 
 
 92; 12, 48. 
 
 Linden, Various-leaved, 3, 
 
 55- 
 
227 
 
 Linden, Weeping silver, 
 
 3, 12; 5, 345 6, 35; 
 
 9, 27; 10, 106; 12, 36. 
 
 Mountain-ash, I, 120; 9, 
 
 61. 
 
 Purple beech, 9, 42; 10, 
 
 67. 
 
 Silver fir, 10, 104. 
 
 Silver linden. See Euro- 
 
 pean linden, Silver. 
 
 - Spindle-tree, 8, 45; 9, 67; 
 
 10, 70. 
 
 - Weeping beech, I, 16; 8, 
 
 7 : 9. 49- 
 
 White birch. See Birch, 
 
 European white. 
 
 Yew. See English yew. 
 Evergreen hawthorn, 12, 62. 
 Exochorda (Pearl bush), 4, 
 
 17- 
 False indigo, 5, 46; 8, 42; 
 
 9, 16, 37- 
 Fern-leaved beech, i, 70; 
 
 10, 103; 12, 69. 
 
 Field maple. English. See 
 EnglisJi field maple. 
 
 Fir, Cephalonian silver, I, 
 33; 3, 17; 10, 47. 
 
 European silver, 10, 104. 
 
 Japan silver, 9, 98. 
 
 Noble silver, 6, 56. 
 
 Nordmann's silver, i, 13; 
 
 2, 21 ; 4, 2; 7, 62; 
 
 11, 52 
 
 Five-leaved akebia, I, 71 ; 
 
 10, 35; 12, 61. 
 Flowering ash, European, I, 
 
 23; 3, 7- 67; 5, 8; 6, 16; 
 
 8, 18; 9, 25; 10, 112. 
 
 Ash, Willow-leaved, Euro- 
 
 pean ; 9, 3. 
 
 Dogwood, Red; 4, 29. 
 
 - Dogwood, I, 69; 3, 4; 4, 
 
 25; 5, 30, 59; 7, 44: 
 10, 75; ii, 12; 12, 70, 
 79- 
 
 Fly honeysuckle, 5, 43; 10, 
 
 16. 
 Forsythia, i, 42; 2, 50; 3, 
 
 2; 4, 41; 6, 22; 7, 6; 
 
 8, 23; 9, 29; 10, 28; 
 12, 33- 
 
 Intermediate-leaved, 10, 
 
 82. 
 
 Weeping, 3, 75; n, 83. 
 Fortune's Deutzia. See Busli 
 
 Deutzia. 
 
 Dwarf white spiraea, i, 
 
 81. 
 
 Fragrant honeysuckle, i, 47; 
 4, 39; 5, 10 ; 8, 37; 
 
 9, 22; n, 21. 
 French Mulberry, i, 45. 
 
 Tamarisk, 2, 39; 9, 68. 
 Fringe tree, 5, 14; 9, 17; 
 
 10, 49; ii, 15. 
 Fringe-tree-leaved lilac. See 
 
 Josika lilac. 
 Garden Azalea, 3, 72. 
 
 Hydrangea, 3, 77. 
 Ghent azalea, 3, 38. 
 Ginkgo tree, 9, 32; 12, 44. 
 Ginseng, ii, 65. 
 Golden-barked Babylonian or 
 
 weeping willow, 9, 50. 
 Golden Bell or Forsythia, i, 
 42; 2, 50; 3, 2; 4, 41 ; 
 
 6, 22; 7, 6; 8, 23; 
 
 9, 29; 10, 28; 12, 33. 
 
 Bell, Intermediate-leaved, 
 
 10, 82. 
 
 Bell, Weeping, 3, 75; ", 
 
 83- 
 
 Chain. See Laburnum. 
 
 English yew, ii, 70. 
 
 Willow. See Yellow Wil- 
 
 \OVJ. 
 
 Gray birch, or American 
 white birch, 4, 55 ; 6, 21 ; 
 
 7, 59; ii, 26. 
 Grecian silk vine, 10, 51, 
 
228 
 
 Gregory's Norway spruce, 3, 
 
 62; 10, 8. 
 Ground cypress, Japan. Sec 
 
 Japan arbor vita:. 
 Guelder rose. See Snoivball. 
 Gum, Sour. See Sour gum. 
 Gum, Sweet. See Sweet 
 
 gum. 
 Hackberry, 6, 3; 8, 35; 10, 
 
 42, 12, 35. 
 Hackmatack. See Larch, 
 
 American. 
 
 Halesia. See Silver bell. 
 Hall's Japan honeysuckle, 7, 
 
 18; u, 41. 
 
 - Japan magnolia, I, 105. 
 Haw, Black, 2, 38; 5, 26; 6, 
 
 43; 8, 10 ; 9, 85; 10, 73; 
 
 n, i ; 12, 28. 
 Hawthorn, Black, 5, 5 ; 9, 12, 
 
 21. 
 
 Cockspur, Oval-leaved va- 
 
 riety, 9, 86. 
 
 Cockspur, Variety Nca- 
 
 politana, n, 36. 
 
 Cockspur, Variety pyra- 
 
 canthafoUa, i, 72; 12, 
 
 43- 
 
 Dotted fruited, 2, 3; 2, 
 
 28. 
 
 English, I, 20; 2, 14; 4, 
 
 345 5, 53; 8, 431 9, ii, 
 
 28, 90; IO, 90; 12, 31. 
 
 Evergreen, 12, 62. 
 
 Pear, 5, 5; 9, 12, 21. 
 
 Scarlet fruited, i, 95; 9, 
 
 83; ii, 32. 
 
 Scarlet fruited, Large 
 
 thorned variety, 2, 68. 
 
 Tender-leaved, Hybrid va- 
 
 riety, 9, 105. 
 
 Washington, 2, 63; 5, 47; 
 
 8, 34- 
 Hazel, American, i, 54- 
 
 European, i, 52; 2, 10; 
 
 6, 33; 8, 21 ; 10, 98; 
 ii. 43- 
 
 - Witch, 4, 38. 
 Heart-leaved alder, 12, 57. 
 Hemlock, i, 41; 2, 57; 3, 
 24; 4, 53; 5, IS! 6, 55; 
 
 7, 42; 10, 7; n, 24. 
 Hercules's club, i, 78, 85; 
 
 9, 18. 
 
 Hickory, Big shellbark or 
 kingnut, 10, 114. 
 
 Kingnut, 10, 114. 
 
 Mockernut, 2, 18; 2, 65; 
 
 3, 66; 4, 33; n, 6. 
 
 Pignut, 4, 45. 
 
 Shagbark or shellbark, 3, 
 
 81 ; 4, 61. 
 
 Shellbark, Big, 10, 114. 
 
 Small mockernut, 3, 33 ; 
 
 10, 57 
 
 White-heart, 2, 18, 65; 3, 
 
 66; 4, 33- 
 
 Himalayan spruce, ii, 23. 
 Hoary or speckled alder, 7, 
 
 61. 
 Holly, American, I, 121; 10, 
 
 54; n, 28. 
 
 - European, i, 48; 3, 40. 
 Honey locust, 9, 6; 10, 69; 
 
 11, 85. 
 Honeysuckle, Fly, 5, 43; 10, 
 
 16. 
 
 Fragrant, i, 47; 4 395 5, 
 
 10 ; 8, 37; 9. 22; n, 
 
 21. 
 
 Hall's Japan, 7, 18; II, 
 
 41. 
 
 Standish's, 9, 88. 
 
 Tartarian, i, 84. 
 
 Tartarian, Variety alba, 
 
 9. 93- 
 
 Hop Hornbeam, i, 35; i 
 88; n, 86; 12, 64. 
 
229 
 
 Tree or shrubby trefoil, 
 
 4, 56; 5, 21 ; 6, 41; 
 7, 15; 8, 22. 
 
 Hornbeam American, 2, 5; 
 4, 20; 5, 61 ; 6, 24, 25, 
 34, 39, 46; 7, 40; 10, 64, 
 n, 19; 12, 4. 
 
 European, i, 39; 2, 47; 
 
 6, 4; 10, 95, loo ; n, 
 77; 12, i. 
 
 Hop, i, 35; 10, 88; n, 
 
 86; 12, 64. 
 Hornbeam-leaved maple, 3, 
 
 13- 
 
 Horsechestnut, Common, i, 
 61. 
 
 Dwarf or large racemed, 
 
 i, 66; 10, no; 12, 58. 
 
 - Red-flowering, 10, 59; 
 
 ii, 57- 
 
 Huckleberry, 7, 53; 10, 77. 
 Hydrangea, Garden, 3, 77. 
 
 - Panicled, 3, 80. 
 
 Shady, I, 49, 2, 27, 9, 4. 
 
 Snowy, 7, 14, 57. 
 Imperial cut-leaved European 
 
 alder, 2, 46. 
 
 Paulownia, 12, 49. 
 Indian bean tree. See Catal- 
 
 pa. 
 Indian Cedar, 3, 71. 
 
 Currant, 12, 13. 
 
 Indigo, False, 5, 46; 8, 42; 
 
 9, 1 6, 37. 
 Intermediate-leaved For- 
 
 sythia, 10, 82. 
 Irish Juniper, 3, 19. 
 
 Yew, 3, 20. 
 
 Ironwood. See Hop horn- 
 beam. 
 
 Japan Arbor Vitae, Blunt- 
 leaved, n, 56. 
 
 Arbor Vitae, Golden pea- 
 
 fruiting, 3, 18. 
 
 Arbor Vitae, Golden 
 
 plume-leaved, i, 4. 
 
 Arbor Vitae, Obtuse- 
 
 leaved, 12, 73. 
 
 Arbor Vitae, Plume- 
 
 leaved, i, 5; 3, 39; 6, 62; 
 10, 33- 
 
 Arbor Vitae, Variety 
 
 squarrosa, i, 6; 3, 70. 
 
 Aucuba, 3, 41. 
 
 Barberry. See Thunberg's 
 
 barberry. 
 
 Catalpa, Dwarf, i, 62; 
 
 3, 78; 9, 81; 10, in. 
 
 Cedar, 6, 54. 
 
 Ground cypress, Golden 
 
 pea-fruiting, 3, 18. 
 
 Ground cypress, Golden 
 
 plume-leaved, I, 4. 
 
 Ground cypress, Plume- 
 
 leaved, i, 5; 3, 39; 6, 
 62; 10, 33. 
 
 Ground cypress, Variety 
 
 squarrosa, i, 6; 3, 70. 
 
 Honeysuckle, Hall's, 7, 
 
 18; n, 41. 
 - Judas tree, 3, 79; 12, 77. 
 
 Lemon, n, 66. 
 
 Magnolia, Hall's; i, 105. 
 
 Mahonia or ashberry, 10, 
 
 17- 
 
 Maple, 3, 5 ; 9 3& 
 
 Pagoda tree, i, 38; 2, 
 
 40; 3, 69; 7, 23; o, 39. 
 
 Pagoda tree, Weeping, i, 
 
 75; 3, 5i; ii, 30. 
 
 Parasol tree or umbrella 
 
 pine, 3, 53. 
 
 Plum, 4, 15. 
 
 Quince', i, 18, 34; 2, 45; 
 
 3, 37; 6, 18; 7, 11; 
 8, 38; 9, 89; 10, ii ; 
 n, 84; 12, 34. 
 
 Silver fir, 9, 98. 
 
 Snowball, 3, 15; 4, 37; 9, 
 
 57- 
 
 Stachyurus, 9, 33. 
 
 Wistaria, 10, 40. 
 
230 
 
 Yew, 10, 27. 
 
 Josika lilac, 9, 59; 10, I. 
 Judas Tree, i, 17; 5, 22; 6, 
 20; 7, 22; 8, 28; 12, 42. 
 
 Tree, Japan; 3, 79; 12, 
 
 77- 
 June berry, 5, 9; 9, 24; 10, 
 
 74- 
 Juniper, Irish, 3, 19. 
 
 Polish, i, 5; 3, 21 ; 10, 6; 
 
 n, 63. 
 Kentucky coffee-tree, I, 36, 
 
 3, 26; 5, 50; 9, 45. 
 Kilmarnock willow, 3, 61. 
 Kingnut hickory, 10, 114. 
 Kcelreuteria, I, 7; 2, 7; 3, 64; 
 
 4, 57; 5, 65; 6, 17; 
 
 7, 24; 8, 24; 9, 15, 45; 
 n, 73; 12, 67. . 
 
 Laburnum, 2, 30 ; 9, 14. 
 Larch, American, 10, 105. 
 
 European, 6, 13, 29; 10, 
 
 43, 107. 
 
 European weeping, 6, 23; 
 
 8, 14; 9, 8. 
 
 Large Flowered syringa, 4, 
 12; 6, 30, 52; 7, 19, 50, 
 55; 8, 32; 10, 9. 
 
 Racemed dwarf horse- 
 
 chestnut, i, 66; 10, no; 
 12, 58. 
 
 Thorned variety of the 
 
 scarlet fruited hawthorn, 
 
 2, 68. 
 Laurel, Mountain, 3, 43; 6, 
 
 50; TO, 14, 55. 
 Laurel-leaved willow, 7, 28 ; 
 
 9, 69; 10, 80, 94. 
 Lawson's erect cypress, 12, 
 
 72. 
 
 Lebanon cedar, 9, 102. 
 Lemon, Japan, n, 66. 
 Lilac, 4, 21 ; 5, 67; 7, 21; 
 
 7, 32; 10, 85, 86. 
 
 Chinese, Weeping, 3, 60. 
 
 Fringe-tree-leaved, or Jo- 
 
 sika, 9, 59; 10, i. 
 Lily, Day, 3, u. 
 Linden, European, T, 26; 2, 
 
 12; 3, 29; 4, 3; 5, 31; 
 
 6, 46; 7, i; 9, 91; 
 
 11, 48; 12, 37. 
 
 European broad-leaved, 4, 
 
 46; 5, 32, 63, 64; 7, 3. 
 
 European silver, i, 27; 
 t 2, 6; 3, 44; 5, 33, 36; 
 
 6, 49; 7, 2; 8, 6; 
 9, 9; u, 49; 12, 39. 
 
 European silver, Weep- 
 
 ing, 3, 12; 5, 34; 6, 35; 
 9, 27; 10, 106; 12, 36. 
 
 European small-leaved, 9, 
 
 92; 12, 48. 
 
 European, Various-leaved, 
 
 3, 55- 
 
 Liquidambar. See Sweet gum. 
 Locust, Bristly, 5, 44. 
 
 Common, i, 32; 4, 28; 9, 
 
 66; 10, 66. 
 
 Honey, 9, 6; 10, 69; II, 
 
 85. 
 Lombardy poplar, 9, 71; n, 
 
 29. 
 
 Lovely azalea, i, 73; 3, 42. 
 Madeira nut, i, 122; 2, 34. 
 Magnolia, Hall's Japan, i, 
 
 105. 
 
 Purple, n, 37. 
 
 Soulange's, i, 80; 6, 10; 
 
 7, 56; 9. 54; II, 38; 
 
 12, 53- 
 
 Swamp, i, 106; 10, 60. 
 Mahonia, Japan or ash- 
 berry, 10, 17. 
 
 Maple, ash-leaved or box 
 elder, i, 93; 2, 4; 4, 6; 
 5, 55; 6, 27; 8, 9; 
 9, 26; n, 42. 
 
 Colchicum-leaved, 3, 14; 
 
 II, 50, 
 
231 
 
 Eagle's claw, i, 9. 
 
 English or field, i, 25 ; 2, 
 
 59; 4, 545 5. 66; 10, 23; 
 12, 66. 
 
 Hornbeam-leaved, 3, 13. 
 
 Japan, 3, 5 ; 9 38. 
 
 Mountain, 9, 95. 
 
 Northern China, 9, 63. 
 
 Norway, 2, 20; 3, 32; 4, 
 
 47; 5, 29; 6, 40; 9. 36; 
 12, 71. 
 
 Norway, Purple-leaved va- 
 
 riety Geneva, 9, 62. 
 
 Red, 2, 62; 4, 16; 5, 28; 
 
 6, 31, 36; 7. 35; 8, 12; 
 
 10, 21 ; IT, 13; 12, 12. 
 
 Round-leaved, 9, 34. 
 
 Silver, i, 10; 2, 64; 3, 
 
 59; 4, 3i; 5. 27; 8, 40; 
 9, 7; 10, 10 ; n, 47; 
 12, 40. 
 
 Silver, Weir's cut-leaved, 
 
 9, 107; 10, 83. 
 
 Striped, or moosewood. 
 
 2, 67; 5, 13; 10, 97. 
 
 Sugar or rock, i, 99; 2, 
 
 60; 3, 35; 7. 27; 8, 2; 
 
 10, 24; 12, 46. 
 
 Sycamore, 2, 58; 3, 25; 
 
 4, 5: 5, 39, 56; 8, 53; 
 9, 35; n, 44; 12, 41. 
 
 Sycamore, Purple-leaved, 
 
 3. 54- 
 
 Vine, 9, 34. 
 
 - White. See Maple, Silver. 
 Maple-leaved arrowwood or 
 
 dockmackie. 2, 44. 
 Missouri currant, n, 8. 
 Mock Orange (Sweet syrin- 
 
 ga), i, 74; 4, 19; 6, 
 
 28; 7, 9, 54- 
 
 Orange, Scentless, 9, 84. 
 Mockernut, Hickory, 2, 18; 
 
 2, 65; 3, 66; 4, 33; 
 
 11, 6, 
 
 Hickory, Small, 3, 33; 
 
 10, 57. 
 
 Moosewood, or striped ma- 
 ple, 2, 67; 5, 13; 10, 97- 
 
 Mossy-cup, or bur oak, i, 
 117; 8, 47; 9, 96; 12, 
 82. 
 
 Mount Atlas or African Ce- 
 dar, n, 53. 
 
 Mountain Laurel, 3, 43; 6, 
 59; 10, 14, 55- 
 
 Maple, 9, 95. 
 
 Sumac, Dwarf, i, 46; 9, 
 
 60, 94; 12, 23. 
 Mountain-ash, European, i, 
 
 120; 9, 61. 
 Mountain-ash-leaved spiraea, 
 
 7, 38; 12, 14. 
 Mugho pine, i, 31; 2, 29; 
 
 7, 48: 10, 18. 
 Mulberry Black, 2, 48. 
 
 French, i, 45. 
 
 Paper, 9, 97. 
 
 Red, 10, 102. 
 
 Russian weeping, 3, 58. 
 
 Weeping, Teas's or Rus- 
 
 sian, 3, 58. 
 
 White, i, ^8; 2, 35; 9, 
 
 82. 
 
 Myrtle, Wax, 9, 47. 
 New American willow, 9, 
 
 41. 
 Ninebark, 3, 76; 5, 12; 6, 
 
 53; 8, 20; 9, 20; 10, 65; 
 
 12, 16. 
 
 Noble silver fir, 6, 56. 
 Nordmann's silver fir, i, 13; 
 
 2, 21 ; 4, 2; 7, 62; 
 
 n, 52. 
 
 Northern prickly ash, 8, 31. 
 Norway maple, 2, 20; 3, 32; 
 
 4, 47; 5, 29; 6, 40; 
 
 9, 36; 12, 71. 
 
 Maple, Purple-leaved, va- 
 
 riety Geneva, 9, 62, 
 
2 3 2 
 
 Spruce, 3, 56; 4, 52; 5, 
 
 19; 6, 12; 7, 45; 10, 
 91; n, 2. 
 
 Spruce, Gregory's, 3, 62; 
 
 10, 8. 
 
 Spruce, Weeping, I, 76. 
 Oak, Black, 2, 56; 4, 44; 9, 
 
 52; n, 10; n, 25. 
 
 Bur, i, 117; 8, 47; 9, 96; 
 
 12, 82. 
 
 Chestnut, 12, 56. 
 
 English, i, 65; 9, 100; 
 
 12, 21. 
 
 English, Weeping; I, I. 
 
 Mossy-cup, I, 117; 8, 47; 
 
 o, 96; 12, 82. 
 
 Pin, or Swamp Spanish, 
 
 2, 61; 9, 5i; ii, 78; 
 12, 55, 78. 
 
 Pyramid, 9, 65. 
 
 Red, i, 116; 4, 23; 10, 
 
 84; n, 74; 12, 81. 
 
 Scarlet, i, 101 ; 4, 36; 
 
 11, 5 
 
 Oak, Swamp Spanish. See 
 
 Pin oak. 
 Oak Turkey, I, 109; 12, 74. 
 
 Weeping English, i, i. 
 
 White, 2, 13; 4, 32; II, 
 
 9; 12, 6. 
 
 Willow, I, in. 
 Obtuse-leaved Japan arbor 
 
 vitae, 12, 73. 
 
 Oleaster, i, 112; 6, 26; 7, 
 16; 8, 13, 36; n, 81. 
 
 Umbel-flowered, 9, 106. 
 Orange, Mock. See Mock 
 
 orange. 
 
 Osage, 7, 30; 10, 87; 
 
 ii, 14- 
 
 Oriental Arbor Vitae, Thread- 
 like, n, 69. 
 
 Plane tree, i; 57, 59; 6, 
 
 i; ii, 79- 
 
 Spruce, i, 14; 5, 25; 10, 
 
 41. 
 
 Osage Orange, 7, 30; 10, 
 
 87; n, 14. 
 Osier, Red, 8, ii; 10, 52; 
 
 11, 58. 
 
 Siberian red, 8, 46. 
 Oval-leaved variety, cockspur 
 
 thorn, 9, 86. 
 
 Pagoda Tree, Japan, i, 38; 
 2, 40; 3, 69; 7, 23; 
 9, 39- 
 
 Tree, Weeping Japan, i, 
 
 75; 3, 51; n, 30. 
 Panicled Dogwood, ii, 3. 
 
 Hydrangea, 3, 80. 
 Paper Birch, i, 12; 4, 26; 5, 
 
 18; 7, 43; 12, 26. 
 
 Mulberry, 9, 97. 
 Paulownia, Imperial, 12, 49. 
 Pea tree, Siberian, 2, 31 ; 4, 
 
 So; 9, 3i. 
 
 Peach, Red-flowering, Dou- 
 ble, 3, 63. 
 
 Pear hawthorn, 5, 5; 9, 12, 
 21. 
 
 Pearl bush, 4, 17. 
 
 Pepper Bush, Common sweet ; 
 2, ii ; 10, 22; II, 4; 
 
 12, 80. 
 
 Pepperidge, or sour gum, 2, 
 
 55; ii, 55; 12, 45. 
 Persimmon, 5, 60. 
 Pignut hickory, 4, 45. 
 Pin or swamp Spanish oak, 
 
 2, 61; 9, 51; ii, 78; 
 
 12, 55, 78. 
 Pine, Austrian, i, 2; 2, 52; 3, 
 
 6; 4, 9; 5, 42; 6, 14; 
 
 9, 43; 10, 30; 12, 25. 
 
 Bhotan, I, 37; 2, 25, 43; 
 
 4, 7; 10, 5- 
 
 Corsican, i, 89. 
 
 Mugho, I, 31; 2, 29; 7, 
 
 48; 10, 18. 
 
 Pitch, 7, 63. 
 
 Scotch, I, 60; 6, 15; 7, 
 
 49' 
 
Swiss stone, 1, 3; 3, 22; 
 
 4. 27; 5, 3; 12, 60. 
 
 Umbrella, 3, 53. 
 
 White, 3, 28; 5, 58; 10, 
 
 26; n, 46; 12, 22. 
 Pipe vine or Dutchman's 
 
 pipe, II, 72. 
 Pitch pine, 7, 63. 
 Plane tree, Oriental, I, 57, 
 
 59; 6, i; n, 79- 
 Plum, Japan, 4, 15. 
 Plume-leaved English elm, 
 
 6, 64. 
 
 Japan ground cypress. 
 
 See Japan ground cy- 
 press, Plume-leaved. 
 
 Podocarpus, Chinese, 3, 31. 
 
 Polish juniper, i, 5; 3, 21; 
 10, 6; n, 63. 
 
 Poplar, Lombardy, 9, 71; n, 
 29. 
 
 White, 10, 71. 
 Prickly ash, Northern, 8, 31. 
 Privet, Calif ornian, i, 94, 
 
 2, i; 4, 40; 8, 16; 
 
 9, 44; ii, 18; 12, 2, 24. 
 
 Common, n, 20; 12, 18. 
 Purple Barberry, i, 68; 4, 
 
 42; 7, 41- 
 
 Beech, European ; 9, 42, 
 
 10, 67. 
 
 Magnolia, II, 37. 
 
 Willow, 10, 113, 115. 
 Purple-leaved English elm, 
 
 i, 86; 12, 75. 
 
 Norway maple, variety 
 
 Geneva, 9, 62. 
 
 Sycamore maple, 3, 54. 
 Pyramid oak, 9, 65. 
 Pyramidal variety, American 
 
 arbor vitse, 5, 24. 
 Quince, Chinese, 5, 48. 
 
 Japan, i, 18, 34; *, 45; 
 
 3, 37; 6, 18; 7, 11; 
 8, 38; 9, 89; 10, ii ; 
 
 11, 84: 12, 34. 
 
 RamUlias rose, II, 7- 
 Red Birch, i, 103. 
 
 Cedar, 5, 23. 
 
 Cherry, Wild, 2, 26. 
 
 Maple, 2, 62; 4, 16; 5, 
 
 28; 6, 31, 36; 7, 35; 8, 
 12; 10, 21 ; n, 13; 12, 
 12. 
 
 Mulberry, 10, 102. 
 
 Oak, i, 116; 4, 23; 10, 
 
 84; ii, 74; 12, 81. 
 
 Osier, 8, n; 10, 52; n, 
 
 58. 
 
 Osier, Siberian, 8, 46. 
 Redbud. See Judas tree. 
 Red-flowering Dogwood, 4, 
 
 29. 
 
 Horsechestnut, 10, 59; 
 
 ii, 57- 
 
 Peach, Double, 3, 63. 
 Reeve's spiraea, Double flow- 
 ered, i, 30; 5, 4. 
 
 Reeve's spiraea, Single flow- 
 ered, i, 29; 5, 6; 7, 10 ; 
 
 9, 72; 10, 72. 
 
 Retmospora. See Japan ar- 
 bor vita. 
 
 Rhododendron (Rosy lilac 
 colored flowers), ii, 68. 
 
 Rhododendrons, Various 
 kinds, 3, 46; 10, 13. 
 
 Ring-leaved willow, 9, 79. 
 
 River birch, i, 103. 
 
 Rock or sugar maple, 2, 60; 
 3, 351 7, 27; 8, 2; 
 
 10, 24; 12, 46. 
 
 Rose of Sharon, or althaea, 
 
 11, 31- 
 
 Rose, Ramanas, ii, 7. 
 Round-leaved maple, 9, 34. 
 Rowan tree. See European 
 
 mountain ash. 
 
 Royal white willow, 10, 78. 
 Russian weeping mulberry, 
 
 3, 58. 
 Salmon-barked willow, 9, 80. 
 
234 
 
 Sassafras, I, 43; 3, 82; 4, 
 63; 5, 57; ii, 76; 12, 7- 
 
 Scarlet Fruited hawthorn, I, 
 95; 9, 83; II, 32. 
 
 Fruited hawthorn, Large 
 
 thorned variety, 2, 68. 
 
 Oak, i, 101; 4, 36; n, 5- 
 Scentless mock orange or sy- 
 
 ringa, 9, 84. 
 
 Scotch Elm, i, ii ; 2, 49; 
 3, 50; 7, 46; 8, 8; 
 
 9, 75; ii, 60; 12, 10. 
 
 Pine, i, 60; 6, 15; 7, 49- 
 Senna, Bladder, 9, 103. 
 Service berry, 5, 9; 9, 24; 
 
 10, 74- 
 Sessile-leaved Weigela, i, 
 
 114; 12, 59. 
 Shadbush, 5, 9; 9, 24; 10, 
 
 74- 
 Shady hydrangea, i, 49; 2, 
 
 27; 9, 4- 
 
 Shagbark or shellbark hick- 
 ory, 3, 81 ; 4, 61. 
 
 Sheepberry, 9, 104; 12, 54. 
 
 Shellbark or shagbark hick- 
 ory, 3, 81; 4, 61. 
 
 Shrubby Trefoil, 4, 56; 5, 21 ; 
 6, 41 ; 7, 15 ; 8, 22. 
 
 Wistaria, 3, 3. 
 Siberian Pea tree, 2, 31; 4, 
 
 So; 9, 3i. 
 
 Red Osier, 8, 46. 
 Silk vine, Grecian, 10, 51. 
 Silver Bell or snowdrop tree, 
 
 I, 24; 5, 45; 7, 12; 
 
 ii, 34- 
 
 Fir, Ce 
 
 "ephalonian, i, 33; 
 3, 17; 10,47- 
 
 Fir, European, 10, 104. 
 
 Fir, Japan, 9, 98. 
 
 Fir, Noble, 6, 56. 
 
 12, 19. 
 
 Fir, Nordmann's, i, 13; 
 
 2, 21 ; 4, 2; 7, 62; 
 ii, 52. 
 
 Linden, European, I, 27; 
 
 2, 6; 3, 44; 5, 33, 36; 
 6, 49; 7, 2; 8, 6; 
 9, 9; ii, 49; 12, 39. 
 
 Linden, Weeping Euro- 
 
 pean, 3, 12; 5, 34; 6, 35; 
 9, 27; 10, 106; 12, 36. 
 
 Maple, i, 10 ; 2, 64; 3, 
 
 59; 4, 3i; 5, 27; 8, 40; 
 9, 7; 10, 10 ; n, 47; 
 12, 40. 
 
 Maple, Weir's cut-leaved ; 
 
 9, 107; 10, 83. 
 Single-leaved European ash, 
 
 i, 110; 5, i; 8, 5, 26. 
 Slender Deutzia, i, 67; 3, 30; 
 
 10, 39; ii, 40. 
 
 Small mockernut hickory, 3, 
 33; 10, 57- 
 
 Small-leaved European lin- 
 den, 9, 92; 12, 48. 
 
 Smoke tree, i, 28; 9, 19. 
 
 Smooth Alder, 9, 99. 
 
 Branched English elm, 
 
 12, 9- 
 
 Sumac, 12, 17. 
 
 Winterberry, i, 118. 
 Snowball, Common, .1, 40; 
 
 8, 49- 
 
 Japan, 3, 15; 4, 37; 9, 
 
 Snowdrop tree. See Silver 
 
 bell. 
 
 Snowy hydrangea, 7, 14, 57. 
 Soulange's magnolia, i, 80; 
 
 6, 10 ; 7, 56; 9, 54; 
 
 n, 38; 12, 53. 
 Sour gum or pepperidge, 2, 
 
 55; n, 55 ; 12, 45- 
 Southern catalpa. See Ca- 
 
 talpa, Southern. 
 Spanish chestnut, i, 100; 
 Speckled or hoary alder, 7, 
 
 61. 
 Spicebush, i, 107; 2, 24; 3, 
 
 65; 10, 38. 
 
235 
 
 Spindle-tree, European, 8, 
 45; 9, 67; 10, 70. 
 
 Thunberg's, i, 119. 
 
 Winged, I, 119. 
 Spiraea, Bridal wreath, I, 44; 
 
 5, 35; 7, 13- 
 
 Bumald's, i, 8. 
 
 Fortune's dwarf white, I, 
 
 81. 
 
 Mountain-ash-leaved, 7, 
 
 38; 12, 14. 
 
 Reeve's double-flowered, 
 
 it 30; 5. 4- 
 
 Reeve's single-flowered, 
 
 it 29; 5, 6; 7, 10 ; 
 
 9, 72; 10, 72. 
 
 Van Houtte's, 2, 33 ; 4, 
 
 14; 5, 7; 10, 45; n, 82. 
 Spruce, Alcock's, 6, 57. 
 
 Colorado blue, 2, 19 ; 4, 
 
 8. 
 
 Gregory's Norway; 3, 62; 
 
 10, 8. 
 
 Himalayan, n, 23. 
 
 - Norway, 3, 56; 4, 52; 5, 
 19; 6, 12; 7, 45; 10, 
 91; n, 2. 
 
 Norway, Gregory's, 3, 
 
 62; 10, 8. 
 
 Norway, Weeping, i, 76. 
 
 Oriental, i, 14; 5, 25; 
 
 10, 41. 
 
 Weeping Norway, i, 76. 
 Stachyurus, Japan, 9, 33. 
 Staghorn sumac, i, 33. 
 Standish's honeysuckle, 9, 88. 
 Stone pine, Swiss, i, 3; 3, 
 
 22; 4, 27; 5, 3; 12, 60. 
 Strawberry Bush, American, 
 n, 17. 
 
 Shrub, Sweet scented, 
 
 n, 16. 
 
 Striped maple or moose- 
 wood, 2, 67; 5, 13; 10, 
 97- 
 
 Sugar or rock maple, i, 99; 
 
 2, 60; 3, 35; 7, 27; 
 
 8, 2; 10, 24; 12, 46. 
 Sugarberry, 6, 3; 8, 35; IO, 
 
 42; 12, 35. 
 Sumac, Dwarf mountain, I, 
 
 46; 9, 60, 94; 12, 23. 
 
 Smooth, 12, 17. 
 
 Staghorn, i, 53. 
 Swamp magnolia, I, 106; 
 
 10, 60. 
 
 Spanish oak. Set Pin 
 
 oak. 
 
 Sweet Bay or swamp mag- 
 nolia, i, 106; 10, 60. 
 
 Birch. See Cherry birch. 
 
 Buckeye, 10, 58. 
 
 Gum or bilsted, i, 96; 2, 
 
 17; n, 45; 12, 8. 
 
 Pepper bush, Common, 2, 
 
 ii ; 10, 22; n, 4; 12, 
 80. 
 
 Scented strawberry shrub, 
 
 11, 16. 
 
 Syringa, I, 74; 4 19; 6, 
 
 28 ; 7, 9, 54- 
 
 Viburnum, 9, 104; 12, 
 
 54- 
 Swiss stone pine, i, 3; 3, 22; 
 
 4. 27; 5, 3; 12, 60. 
 Sycamore. See Buttomvood. 
 Sycamore Maple, 2, 58; 3, 
 
 25; 4, 5; 5, 39, 56; 8, 
 
 53; 9, 35; ii, 44; i*, 
 
 41. 
 
 Maple, Purple-leaved, 3, 
 
 54- 
 Syringa, (Philadelphus), 
 
 Large-flowered, 4, 12 ; 
 6, 30, 52; 7, 19, 50, 55; 
 8, 32; 10, 9. 
 
 Scentless, 9, 84. 
 
 Sweet, I, 74; 4, 19; 6, 
 
 28; 7, g, 54- 
 
 White-stamened, 10, 12. 
 
236 
 
 Tamarack. See Larch, 
 
 American. 
 Tamarisk, French, 2, 39; 9, 
 
 68. 
 Tartarian Honeysuckle, I, 
 
 84- 
 
 Honeysuckle, Variety alba, 
 
 9, 93- 
 
 Teas's Weeping mulberry, 3, 
 
 58. 
 
 Thorn. See Hawthorn. 
 Thread-like Oriental arbor 
 
 vitse, n, 69. 
 Thunberg's Barberry, 4, 13. 
 
 Spindle tree, i, 119. 
 Toothache tree. See North- 
 ern prickly ash. 
 
 Tree Alder. See Alder, Euro- 
 pean. 
 
 Box. See Box. 
 
 Celandine, 10, 48. 
 Tree-of-Heaven, 9, 56; 12, 
 
 15- 
 Trefoil, Shrubby or hop tree, 
 
 4, 56; 5, 21 ; 7, 15; 
 
 8, 22. 
 Tulip tree, i, 88; 2, 23; 3, 
 
 47; 4, i; 5, 41; 6, 6; 
 
 7, 5; 8, 17; 10, 68; 
 
 ii, 5i- 
 
 Tupelo. See Sour gum. 
 Turkey oak, i, 109; 12, 74. 
 Umbel-flowered oleaster, 9, 
 
 106. 
 Umbrella Pine, 3, 53. 
 
 Tree, i, 83; 5, 38; 6, 8; 
 
 7, 37; 9, 53; 10, 61. 
 Van Houtte's spiraea, 2, 33; 
 
 4, 14; 5, 7; 10, 45; 
 
 11, 82. 
 Variegated English yew, 2, 
 
 42; 6, 63; n, 67. 
 
 Weigela, 2, 22; 4, 18; 6, 
 
 19. 
 
 Various-leaved European lin- 
 den, 3, 55- 
 
 Viburnum, De'ntatuni, i, 55 1 
 
 5, 40; 8, 44; 9, 48; 
 io, 79- 
 
 Lentago, 9, 104; 12, 54. 
 
 Rugosum, io, 89. 
 
 Sweet, 9, 104; 12, 54. 
 Vine, Grecian silk, io, 51. 
 
 Maple, 9, 34. 
 
 Walnut, Black, i, 91; 3, 8; 
 4, 60. 
 
 Caucasian, n, 61. 
 
 English, i, 122; 2, 34. 
 Washington thorn, 2, 63; 5, 
 
 47 ; 8, 34. 
 Water beech. See Hornbeam, 
 
 American. 
 Wax myrtle, 9, 47. 
 Wayfaring tree, io, 89. 
 Weeping Bald cypress, 2, 32; 
 
 6, 44; 9, 55. 
 
 Beech, European, i, 16; 8, 
 
 7; 9, 49- 
 
 Chinese lilac, 3, 60. 
 
 Cut-leaved European 
 
 white birch, 9, 23. 
 
 English oak, i, i. 
 
 English yew, 3, 68. 
 
 European ash, i, 104. 
 
 European beech, i, 16; 8, 
 
 7 ; 9, 49- 
 
 European larch, 6, 23; 8, 
 
 14 ; 9, 8. 
 
 European silver linden, 3, 
 
 12; 5, 34; 6, 35; 9, 27; 
 io, 106; 12, 36. 
 
 Golden bell or Forsythia, 
 
 3, 75; n, 83. 
 
 Japan pagoda tree, i, 75 ; 
 
 3, Si; ii, 30. 
 
 Mulberry, Teas's or Rus- 
 
 sian, 3, 58. 
 
 Norway spruce, i, 76. 
 
 Willow, i, 64; io, 109. 
 Weigela, i, 90; 5, n, 17, 
 
 54; 6, 51; 7, 4, 8; 8, 27, 
 \ 50; io, 29; 12, 65. 
 
237 
 
 Sessile-leaved, i, 114; 12, 
 
 59- 
 
 Variegated, 2, 22; 4, 18; 
 
 6, 19. 
 
 Weir's cut-leaved silver ma- 
 ple, 9, 107; 10, 83. 
 
 White Ash, i, 92; 3, 73; 4, 
 35; 5, 20; 6, 45; 7, 25; 
 8, 3; 10, 62. 
 
 Beam tree, n, 75. 
 
 Birch, American, 4, 55; 6, 
 
 2i ; 7, 59; ii 26. 
 
 Birch, European, 9, i, 76. 
 
 Elm, 3, 10 ; 4, 49; 6, 9; 
 
 7, 17, 26; 8, 33; 9, 74; 
 
 10, 101; n, 27; 12, 
 ii. 
 
 Mulberry, i, 58; 2, 35; 
 
 9,82. 
 
 Oak, 2, 13; 4, 32; n, 9; 
 
 12, 6. 
 
 Pine, 3, 28; 5, 58; 10, 
 
 26; n, 46; 12, 22. 
 
 Poplar, 10, 71. 
 
 Stamened syringa, 10, 12. 
 - Willow, Royal, 10, 78. 
 
 White-heart hickory, 2, 18, 
 
 . 65; 3, 66; 4, 33. 
 Wild red cherry, 2, 26. 
 Willow, Babylonian or weep- 
 ing, i, 64 ; 10, loo. 
 
 Babylonian, Golden- 
 
 barked, 9, 50. 
 
 Bay, 7, 28; 9, 69; 10, 80, 
 
 94. 
 
 Blue, 3, 57; 10, 81. 
 
 Curled-leaved, 9, 79. 
 
 11, 67. 
 
 Golden barked Babylonian, 
 
 9, 50. 
 
 Golden or yellow, 6, 50; 
 
 7. 33; 10, 32. 
 
 Kilmarnock, 3, 61. 
 
 Laurel-leaved. 7, 28; 9, 
 
 69; 10, 80, 94. 
 
 New American, 9, 41. 
 
 - Oak, i, in. 
 
 Purple, 10, 113, 115. 
 
 Ring-leaved, 9, 79. 
 
 Royal white, 10, 78. 
 
 Salmon barked, 9, 80. 
 
 Weeping, i, 64; 10, 109. 
 
 Weeping, Golden barked ; 
 
 9. 50. 
 
 White, Royal, 10, 78. 
 
 Yellow, 6, 50; 7, 33; 10, 
 
 32. 
 
 Willow-leaved European ash, 
 i, 108. 
 
 European flowering ash, 9, 
 
 3- 
 
 Winterberry, Common, or 
 black alder, n, 33. 
 
 - Smooth, i, 118. 
 Wistaria, Chinese, 7, 7; 10, 
 
 37- 
 
 Japan, 10, 40. 
 
 Shrubby, 3, 3. 
 Witch hazel, 4, 38. 
 Yellow Birch, 6, 2; 12, 20. 
 
 Flowered buckeye, 2, 37. 
 
 Willow, 6, 50; 7, 33; 10, 
 
 32. 
 Yellow-wood, i, 50; 2, 9; 4, 
 
 51; 5, 16; 9, 30; n, 35; 
 
 12, 68. 
 Yew, European or English, 3, 
 
 16; 10, 19; n, 62; 12, 
 
 63- 
 
 European or English, 
 
 Golden, n, 70. 
 
 European or English, Va- 
 
 riegated, 2, 42 ; 6, 63 ; 
 
 European or English, 
 
 Weeping, 3, 68. 
 
 Irish, 3, 20. 
 
 Japan, 10, 27. 
 
 - Variegated English, 2, 42; 
 
 6, 63; n, 67. 
 Yucca, 3, 48. 
 
.Rotes. 
 
, Rotes. 
 
notes 
 
14 DAY USE 
 
 RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED 
 
 LOAN DEPT. 
 
 RENEWALS ONLY TEL. NO. 642-3405 
 
 This book is due on the last date stamped below, or 
 
 on the date to which renewed. 
 Renewed books are subject to immediate recall. 
 
 LD 21A-40m-2,'69 
 (J6057slO)476 A-32 
 
 General Library 
 
 University of California 
 
 Berkeley