UC-NRLF 
 
 $C 15 SflT 
 
 
 \. 
 
 HARACTERS 
 ^ POINTS 
 
 "1 
 
 HISTORY 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 University of California. 
 
 OIFT OF 
 
 .^cLuv-i^^A^cl . ,^ ..TCiArv'ur 
 
 Class 
 
 i^\ 
 
 r 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2007 with funding from 
 
 IVIicrosoft Corporation 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/chartoffamouschaOOhewirich 
 
CHART 
 
 OF 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS, 
 
 AND 
 
 Saliein^t Poijn^ts of History. 
 
 2000 B. C. - 1900 A. D. 
 
 A USEFUL INDEX FOR REFERENCE, 
 And a key TO HISTORY. 
 
 BY EDWARD G. HEWITT. 
 
3\\ 
 ^'^ 
 
 ^^j^ 1 
 
 COPYKIGHT, 1902 & 1904, 
 BY 
 
 Edward G. Hewitt. 
 
GREAT EVENTS COME THROUGH GREAT CHARACTERS 
 
 WHO HAVE FAITH TO START GREAT MOVEMENTS 
 WITH LIGHT AND INTENSITY TO ACHIEVE SUCCESS. 
 
 194680 
 
c o isr T E isr T s . 
 
 PACB 
 1 
 
 2-3 
 
 4-5 
 
 6-7 
 
 &-9 
 
 10-11 
 
 12-13 
 
 14-15 
 
 16 
 
 18 
 
 20 
 
 22 
 
 24 
 
 26 
 
 28*30 
 
 32a34 
 
 17 
 
 19 
 
 21 
 
 23 
 
 25 
 
 27 
 
 29&31 
 
 33&35 
 
 36 
 
 37-52 
 
 Preface. 
 
 Summary of General History, dominant governments, etc., with leading dates. 
 
 Chronological Summary of the most flourishing and powerful countries, etc. 
 
 Most noted Battles, Wars, etc., at one view. 
 Most noted Structures, etc., at one view. 
 
 Greatest Characters in History at one view. 
 Chart of Famous Characters, 
 
 u 
 U 
 u 
 i( 
 
 Notes of Important Events, etc. 
 
 u 
 
 tt 
 
 u 
 
 u 
 
 It 
 
 M 
 
 It 
 
 tl 
 
 u 
 
 U 
 
 u 
 (I 
 
 2000 B. C. 
 1500 B. C. 
 1000 B. C. 
 
 500 B. C. 
 Christ 
 
 500 A. D. 
 1000 A. D. 
 1500 A. D. 
 2000 B. C. 
 1500 B. C. 
 1000 B. C. 
 
 500 B. C. 
 Christ 
 
 500 A. D. 
 1000 A. D. 
 1500 A. D. 
 
 - 1500 B. C. 
 
 - 1000 B. C. 
 
 - 500 B. C. 
 
 - Christ 
 
 - 500 A. D. 
 
 - 1000 A. D. 
 -- 1500 A. D. 
 
 - 1900 A. D. 
 
 - 1500 B. C. 
 
 - 1000 B. C. 
 
 - 500 B. C. 
 
 - Christ 
 
 - 500 A. D. 
 
 - 1000 A. D. 
 
 - 1500 A. D. 
 
 - 1900 A. D. 
 
 Famous Characters. Alphabetically arranged. 
 
 RUtBD 
 PAGES 
 FOR 
 CHARTING 
 MORE 
 NAMES, 
 SPECIAI, 
 CHARTS, 
 NOTES, 
 ETC. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 This work is planned to make history more easily comprehended and therefore more 
 interesting. It will enable a person to readily ascertain when a famous character lived, 
 when a noted battle was fought, or the date of some other important occurrence. Many 
 events of secondary importance have been purposely omitted, thus leaving the main 
 incidents of history free from what might confuse. 
 
 The arrangement of the work is very simple and is designed to put one on the direct 
 track to the information desired. Its value consists not only in showing at a glance the 
 important events that occurred dxiring the careers of great characters, but also the 
 predecessors, contemporaries and successors of those characters, with their correlations. The 
 notes are brief and suggestive — they will tend to stimulate the reader to further research. 
 
 The substance of history for the 3900 years is given on the first double page, and 
 its chronological order on the second double page. A study of these will show in what part 
 of the world activities flourished at any era, and also indicate the country or power that 
 was uppermost in the history of each epoch. 
 
 The tops of the letters (on the 8 charts) comprising the name of a character are, as a 
 rule, placed on the year of birth. For example : Lincoln was bom in 1809, and met a 
 violent death in 1865. The names without life lines on page 32 are placed when each 
 character was about 30 years of age. 
 
 The material has been gathered from various histories and books of reference. "The 
 Historical Reference Book," by Louis Heilprin (one of the works consulted) will be a handy 
 volume for finding additional data. I am further indebted to friends for aid and suggestions. 
 
 Some will expect more names of statesmen, while others would prefer more names of 
 philosophers, scientists, writers, educators, musicians, etc. Space is left for inserting a 
 moderate number of such names — the relation which they have to the famous characters or 
 leading events will then become obvious. 
 
 E. G. H. 
 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 February, 1902 
 
Oo]>ri3Eis^SED Summary of History. 
 
 PRIOR TO THE DARK AGES. 
 
 EARLY BABYLONIAN OR CHALDEAN EMPIRE TO - 
 
 GREATEST POWER AND SPLENDOR OF NEW EMPIRE IN EGYPT 
 
 PERIOD OF EXPANSION IN INDIA .... 
 
 ASSYRIAN EMPIRE. (Brilliant epoch after 900 and especially after 745) 
 
 PHCENICIANS" GREATEST PROSPERITY - - - 1100-600 
 
 They were the greatest mtyuufacturers, merchants, navigators and colonizers of antiquity. 
 
 LATER BABYLONIAN EMPIRE (Babylon, Media, Lydia, Egypt) 
 
 MEDO-PERSIAN EMPIRE .... 
 
 GREECE. MOST FLOURISHING PERIOD 
 
 MACEDONIA OR GRECIAN EMPIRE 
 
 ALEXANDER'S SUCCESSORS RULED TO ... 
 
 ROME MAKES FOREIGN CONQUESTS 
 
 ROME DOMINANT ...... 
 
 THE RUGGED BARBARIANS POUR INTO THE ROMAN DOMAINS 
 WESTERN EMPIRE FALLS. Eastern Empire continues to 
 
 B. 
 
 C. 
 
 
 1300 
 
 1600-1300 
 
 1400 
 
 -320 
 
 1100 - 607 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 607 
 538 
 
 - 538 
 
 - 330 
 
 500- 
 
 -338 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 _ 
 
 
 330 
 
 - 301 
 168 
 
 - 
 
 B, 
 
 255 
 
 — 
 
 133 
 
 168 
 
 .C- 
 
 - 250 
 
 A. D. 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 375 
 
 - 568 
 1453 
 
 -x 
 
 SINCE THE FALL OF ROME. 
 
 DARK AGES, SAY 
 
 SARACEN OR ARABIC ASCENDENCY. First Caliph 632. Conquests to 
 
 Later conquests to ..... 
 
 Bagdad taken and devastated by the Mongols ... 
 
 EMPIRE OF CHARLEMAGNE COVERED MOST OF WESTERN EUROPE 
 MOORS IN SPAIN. Height of their civilization and power was in the 10th Century. 
 
 HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE OF THE GERMAN NATION. OTHO EMPEROR 
 
 Foremost power in Europe 11th Century. Power declined in 12th Century. 
 End of the old German Empire . . . - 
 
 FEUDALISM. Most rapid development of, was in 9th Century. 
 
 Universal system of government in Europe 12th Century. 
 Replaced by strong national Monarchies 15th Century. 
 
 CRUSADES OF CHRISTIANS AGAINST THE MOHAMMEDANS 
 ITALIAN REPUBLICS rise to great wealth and glory in 12th Century. 
 MONGOL INVASIONS AND EMPIRE UNDER GENGHIS KHAN AND SUCCESSORS 
 
 A. 
 
 D. 
 
 500- 
 
 1100 
 
 
 732 
 
 ' 
 
 962 
 
 
 1258 
 
 800 
 
 962 
 
 1806 
 
 1096-1272 
 
 1206-1480 
 
Condensed Summary of History. 
 
 SINCE THE FALL OF ROME. -continued. 
 
 A. D. 
 
 FRANCE began to be a great nation about ..... 1250 
 
 France has become a great power in Europe - . . . 1483 
 
 France the greatest power in Europe .... 1649-1697 
 
 French Revolution ...... 1789-1794 
 
 Napoleonic Wars .--.-- 1796-1815 
 
 ENGLAND. Rise of English manufactures and commerce - - - 1331 
 
 Commerce, Colonies and Literature greatly flourish after - . - . 1588 
 
 HUNDRED YEARS' WAR BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE - - 1338-1453 
 
 BLACK DEATH THROUGHOUT EUROPE- MANY MILLIONS PERISH 1348-1351 
 
 HANSEATIC LEAGUE OF 90 GERMAN CITIES 1241. ZENITH - - 1382 
 
 MANY CONQUESTS TO 
 
 TURKISH EMPIRE FOUNDED BY OTHMAN 1288. 
 Zenith of Power ... 
 
 Defeated 
 
 PORTUGUESE MARITIME DISCOVERIES. Founded Colonies as far as India 
 
 VENICE, at the height of its power in the 15th Century. 
 
 Strong Monarchies founded in European countries in 15th Century. 
 
 SPAIN. Conquest of Granada. Discovery of America by Columbus 
 
 Greatest outward prosperity and foremost power ... 
 
 Naval Power crushed by England .... 
 
 RISE OF THE DUTCH REPUBLIC (The Dutch noted as bold navigators and akilUul manufaoturere.) 
 Independence recognized bj' Spain .... 
 
 Naval and commercial supremacy. Supplanted by England in 
 
 Thirty Years' Devastating Religious War in Europe .... 
 
 SWEDEN. Possessions in Germany - . . . 
 
 Mistress of the Baltic Sea, close of the 17th Century. 
 Campaigns of Charles XII. Height of Sweden's power, and its decline 
 
 War of the Spanish Succession which resulted in England's advancement 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN. Union of England and Scotland - - - * . 
 
 Supremacy obtained in part of India 
 Leads in commerce . - - . . 
 
 1453 
 
 1551 
 
 1571, 1664 and 1683 
 
 1410-1510 
 
 Declaration of Independence by the Colonies 
 Phenomenal progress after 
 
 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 
 
 FIVE GREAT POWERS. Austria, France, Great Britain, Prussia and Russia 
 Many Revolutions in Europe . - . . . 
 
 PRUSSIA. Poland compelled to acknowledge independence of - 
 Becomes one of the great powers - - 
 
 Ascendency on the continent ... 
 
 1492 
 
 1512- 
 
 1588 
 
 1566-1581 
 1648 
 1782 
 
 1618-1648 
 1648 
 
 1700-1709 
 1701-1714 
 
 1707 
 1757 
 1800 
 
 1776 
 1885 
 
 1815- 
 
 1848-1849 
 
 1657 
 
 1 763-1786 
 
 1870 
 
 NEW GERMAN EMPIRE founded 
 
 1871 
 
BT" 
 
 2000- 
 
 OLD 
 
 EMPIRE 
 
 OF 
 
 EGYPT 
 
 VE RY 
 
 PROSPEROUS 
 
 BEFORE 
 
 2100 
 
 1900- 
 
 1800- 
 
 B.C. 
 
 E^YPT 
 
 1500- 
 
 has: 
 
 THEr 
 
 rEADTTC 
 
 14-00- 
 
 ^tAce 
 
 AMONG 
 
 1300 
 
 NATIONS. 
 
 B.C. EMPIRE OF DAVID 
 AND 
 OF SOLOMON. 
 
 1000 
 
 -" DAMASCUS THE 
 -4.AR6£STCiTY 
 OF SYRIA. 
 
 900- 
 
 l/AMAbwU ^ Ai 
 
 ITS HEIGHT. 
 
 -Carthage Colonized by JbeJ^dana 
 
 BRILLIANT 
 
 800- 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 GREAT 
 
 PROS 
 
 PER IT Y 
 
 OF 
 
 B.C. 
 
 MEDO- 
 
 500 
 
 SPARTA THE 
 LEADING POWER 
 
 QF_ GfiE£C£. 
 
 PERSIAN 
 
 <;ARTHA6£ 
 
 -THE 
 
 ATHENS 
 
 THE 
 J,EAD/A/G 
 
 „ POIVER 
 
 OF GREECE^ 
 
 STRONGEST 
 
 +00- 
 
 SPARTA ALL 
 
 OF 
 NAVAL 
 
 POWERFUL 
 
 IN GREECE. 
 
 POWERS. 
 
 TNEBES SUPREME 
 
 £MPi RE . m GREECE., ^ 
 
 MACEDONIAN 
 
 OR GRECIAN 
 
 EMPIRE. 
 300 
 
 SUCCESSORS 
 
 OF 
 
 pMmc/m 
 
 (NewAss/risn Empire.) 
 
 THE 
 
 OF 
 
 [ROME 
 
 TRADE 
 
 THE 
 
 ALEXANDER 
 
 1700- 
 
 1200 
 
 MD 
 
 700- 
 
 ASSYRIAN 
 
 200- 
 
 MAK- 
 ING 
 
 VEDIC 
 
 FOl/W 
 
 (VEDAS) 
 
 PERIOD 
 
 MA/VY 
 
 TNlneveR madeS 
 -VttfiCapihalof Al^ 
 
 RULED. 
 
 PHCENI- 
 
 — i- 
 
 IN 
 
 aOLOJ\//fS, 
 
 EMPIREL. 
 
 CIANS. 
 
 INDIA 
 
 EGYPT IN 
 
 _$>_4I 
 
 1600- 
 
 jrftot vr trtUHT. 
 1100 
 
 ISr-e aFe s f P r o s pe rTf y of Xb ri n fh. 
 
 TROME 
 
 600- 
 
 LATER 
 
 100- 
 
 -GO^N- 
 
 "QUESTS 
 
 ERA_ 
 OF 
 
 GREAT 
 
 -IHEBES-^ 
 
 GROWIN 6 IN 
 
 POWER, 
 
 „. . BABYLON 
 
 BA BYLON IAN ^theot 
 
 MAGNIFICENCE 
 
 +5- 
 
 -AJiD EXTENT.- 
 
 EMPIRE. 
 
 BABYLON A CENTRE 
 
 TYRE AT THE 
 
 HEIGHT OF ITS^ 
 
 POWER. 
 
 WEALTH, 
 POVERTY 
 
 AND 
 INTERNAL 
 STRIFE 
 IN 
 
 OF INDUSTRY 
 
 ROME. 
 
 _SURREJ^£r: 
 
 AND TRADE. 
 •1500 
 
 JERi/SMEMT^E 
 
 500- 
 
ttd:^ 
 
 100 
 
 ROMAN 
 POWER 
 
 AND 
 
 GLORY 
 
 AT ITS 
 
 GREATEST 
 
 A.D. 
 
 DARK AGES TO 1100 
 
 500 
 
 CLOVIS FOUNDS A CAPITAL 
 IN GAUL FOR THEFMNKS. 
 
 GOO 
 
 LOMBARDS^ 
 POUR 
 
 A.D. 
 
 Genoa becomes Powerful. 
 
 1000 
 
 POLAND CONSOLIDATED. 
 
 CANUT£JiUl£D EMGIAJVD, £J-c. 
 
 GERMAN EMPIRE 
 
 IS THE FOREMOST 
 
 POWER IN EUROPE. 
 
 INTO 
 
 200 
 
 ROMAN 
 
 power; 
 
 " TS" " 
 
 RAPIDLY 
 DECLINING. 
 
 300- 
 
 CONSTANTINOPLE 
 
 THE SEAT OF THE 
 
 ROMAN 
 
 EMPIRE. 
 
 BARBARIANS 
 
 400 
 
 POUR 
 
 INTO THE 
 
 ROMAN 
 
 DOMAINS. 
 
 500- 
 
 ITALY 
 
 AND 
 
 ISARACENS 
 
 _4 
 
 I 
 
 \ orKcAU 
 
 ESTABLISH! their 
 
 THE 
 
 700- 
 
 [RELIGION 
 
 I 
 
 I BY THE 
 
 KINGD0T1 rswoRD 
 
 OF 
 
 CALIPHS 
 
 LgMBARDY.BASAD 
 
 AND 
 CORDOVA, 
 
 800 — EMPIRE OF- 
 CHARLEMAGNE. 
 
 EfifGLAW awTFD 
 
 moE^i K/NG EGBERT. 
 
 Confusion on the Continent. 
 GROWTH 
 
 900 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Feudalism Increasing. 
 
 PAPAL 
 
 POWER. 
 
 ^OORSINSPA/N 
 
 _ tt/GN/N 
 
 - C/m/ZAT/ON. 
 
 FRENCH MONARCHY BEGINS. 
 
 _ Hungary Monarchyfounded 
 1000 =— ^ ■ 
 
 Popery at height of its power. 
 
 A/OPMM CO/^QUESrOF£^GLAm. 
 
 POPES COMPEL THE 
 
 EMPERORS TO YIELD 
 
 1100- 
 
 THEM OBEDIENCE. 
 
 -Ji 
 
 ITALIAN REPUBLICS^ 
 RISE 
 
 TO 
 
 CO 
 
 GREAT WEALTH. —. 
 
 H 
 
 l^EUDAL/SM 
 UN/]/ERSAl //V EUROPE. 
 
 1200- 
 
 EUROPE 
 
 COMPLETELY EMERGEDZ 
 FROM THE DARK AG ES.^ 
 
 TARmRS OR MONGOLS ARE FORM/DABIE 
 
 GREAT 
 
 m£fi/ftGNUM GENERAL 
 EUROPE. INTELLECTUAL 
 IMPROVEMENT. 
 ESrABl/SNM£/^r 
 
 1300- 
 
 o 
 
 RUSSIA FREED FROM THE MONGOL YOKE. 
 
 1500 
 
 COLUMBUS DISCOVERS AMERICA 
 
 SPAIN THE 
 GREATEST 
 POWER IN 
 EUROPEt- 
 
 i^FORWATiON 
 — BEGINS. 
 
 POLAND 
 
 GREAT 
 TURKISH rnptRE AT ITS ZENITH. STATE. 
 Manufacture and Commer^ej 
 
 1?TSr^FTHE ' 
 
 1600- 
 
 DUTCH REPU BLIC 
 ANDTHEIR ^ 
 
 ENGLAND 
 
 SUBSEQUENT 
 NAVAL 
 
 FLOUR- 
 JSHES. 
 
 "SUPREMACY.- 
 
 mAA/G£ 
 
 m£- 
 
 GR£AT£Sr 
 
 POWER PRUSSIA 
 /j^ GROWING 
 
 EUROPE. 
 
 700 
 
 SWEDEN TttE 
 FIRST POWER 
 OF THE NORTH . 
 
 IN 
 POWER. 
 
 HEIGHT OF 
 SWEDEN'S POWER 
 
 RfSEOFRti^SSfA. 
 
 ENGLAND ADVANCES. 
 
 AUSTRIA HAS INCREASED 
 ITS TERRITORY. 
 
 .\AUSTR/A AND PRUSS/AatWAR 
 ' I FOR SUPREMACY. 
 
 PRUSSIA BECOMES ONE 
 
 OF UN/VERS/T/ES. -^ 
 OTTOMAN EMPIRE FOUNDED 1299. m 
 
 </> 
 
 CO 
 
 BLACK DEATH. | 
 
 I 
 
 COMMERCE AND WEALTH! 
 JJICREASE IN ENGLANUl 
 
 ITALIAN 
 
 1400- 
 
 HANSEAnC 
 LEAGUE. 
 
 RENAISSANCE 
 
 PORTUGUESE, 
 MARITIME 
 
 IN LETTERS. 
 
 -f- 
 
 DISCOVERIES. 
 
 \ii/imi/(WoFm7mcR£Ar£D\ SCIENCE. 
 
 VENICE HAS GROWN { 
 
 TO BE A POWER, i 
 
 FRANCE A STRONG POiVER 
 
 MS, 
 
 STRONG NATIONAL MONARCHIES I 
 
 IN EUROPE. I 
 
 1500 L. 
 
 ETC. 
 
 1800- 
 
 OF THE GREAT POWERS . 
 FRENCH REVOLUT/ON 
 
 \ 
 
 GREAT BRITAIN LEADS 
 
 IN COMMERCE. 
 
 ^reat" changes in European 
 Id^eas arid Inst! tutiorisr 
 
 REVOLUTIONARY EPOCH., 
 
 NEW GERMAN £/^P/RE. 
 UNtTEd STATES PROSPERWS. 
 
 I900' 
 
 2000- 
 
6 
 
8 
 
 B.C. 
 
 2000- 
 
 1900- 
 
 B.C. 
 
 1500- 
 
 1+00- 
 
 B.C. 
 
 1000- 
 
 900- 
 
 MARATHON. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 500 
 
 WARS 
 BETWEEN 
 PERSIA _____^ 
 
 GREEKS. NAVAL ACTIVITY 
 OF ATHENS. 
 
 PELOPONNESIAN WARS. 
 
 SYRACUSE. 
 
 -CUNAXA. 
 
 400 
 
 CARTHAGE A NAVAL POWER 
 
 ARBELA. 
 
 1800- 
 
 1300- 
 
 800- 
 
 300- 
 
 SARGONTOOK KARKAMIS 
 
 DEATH ^ 
 STRUGGLE 
 BETWEEN ^ 
 ROME 
 
 AND 
 
 CARTHAGE. 
 
 1700- 
 
 1200- 
 
 TOG- 
 
 ZOO- 
 
 ~ - TROY TAKEN AND 
 DESTROYED BYTHE GREEKS, 
 
 METAURUS. 
 — ZAMA.- 
 
 PYDNA. 
 
 SPARTA eONQ^Uf RED 
 -^HE MESSENIANS. 
 
 CARTHAGE 
 DESTROYED. 
 
 1600- 
 
 1100- 
 
 600- 
 
 NTN EVE H TAKEN 
 
 AND DESTROYED. 
 
 100- 
 
 JERUSALEM TAKEN AND 
 DESTROYED ETi' NEBUCHADNEZZAR 
 
 CIVIL WAR. MARIUSa-^SULLA 
 
 JERUSALEM TAKEN 
 BY DAVID^ 
 
 CrRUSSUBDUES TffFMFDES. 
 - - BABYLON TAKEN 
 
 6 Y CYRiiS^ 
 
 6all/c wars. 
 
 philippe, 
 
 actilim: 
 
 1500- 
 
 1000- 
 
 500- 
 
A.D. 
 
 TEUTOBURG. 
 
 ROME CONQUERS BRITAIN 
 
 JERUSALEM, -dreadful 
 
 DESTRUCTION BY TITUSi 
 
 100 
 
 200- 
 
 ROMAN EMPIRE 
 ATTACKED ON ALL SIDES. 
 
 300- 
 
 CONSTANTINE CONQUERS ITALY. 
 
 THE HARDY BARBARIANS 
 RUSH INTO THE 
 
 400 
 
 ^RUMBLING^ 
 
 ROMAN EMP1RE_ 
 
 ^HAiONSr 
 
 I NVASION OFGAULBYCLOVIS. 
 500 
 
 A.D. 
 
 500- 
 
 VANt>At^OWER tN 
 AFRICA ESTABLISHED. 
 
 600' 
 
 MOHAMMED 
 -SUBDUES ARABIAr^ 
 
 HIS 
 
 700 
 
 XEREZ. 
 
 RELIGION 
 
 SPREAD 
 
 BY THE 
 
 -SWORD - 
 
 - OVER — 
 
 ^ ASIA __ 
 
 AND 
 
 TDI I Pt; 
 
 NORTH AFRICA. 
 
 xfMOORS 
 TCROSSED INTO SPAIN 
 
 80 o: 
 
 charlemagne!s 
 
 conquests make him 
 
 emperor of the west 
 
 NORTHMEN 
 
 [or VIKINGS) 
 
 _^MAKE 
 
 _VAR 10 US- 
 
 INVASIONS 
 
 MAGYARS /NVADE HUNGARY. 
 900 
 
 AND 
 
 SETTLEMENTS. 
 
 1 1000- 
 
 AD. 
 
 1000- 
 
 HASTINGS. 
 TURKS CROSSED INTO EUROPE 
 
 1100- 
 
 ^ENICE MAKES WARS. 
 
 4f- 
 
 -^HIVALRY BECOHESf 
 
 A GREAT 
 _ INSTITUTION. 
 
 1200- 
 
 MONGOL 
 n KTAyf^ONVAS IONS 
 
 ^ AT WAR UNDER 
 Wtm QEN6HIS — 
 
 _ GENOA. KHAN, 
 
 1300- 
 
 SW4SS WAR OF 
 INDEPENDENCE BEGUN. 
 
 U 
 R_ 
 
 ENGLAND! 
 
 CRECY. 
 
 AND 
 
 TTDNGOL INVASION 
 UNDER TAMERLANE. 
 
 FRANCE! 
 1400 V 
 
 S_ 
 H 
 
 C 
 
 
 N 
 
 5_ 
 
 AT 
 
 agincourt 
 
 ORLEANS. 
 
 POLAND WARS 
 AGA/NSrTHE 
 
 U 
 
 E. 
 S 
 
 T 
 
 WAR. J TEUTONIC KNIGHTS, g 
 
 "CONSTANTINOPLE 
 TAKEN BY THE TURKST 
 
 ALHAMA. 
 
 1500- 
 
 AD. 
 
 1500 ■ 
 
 WAR IN THE NETHERLANDS. 
 
 LEPANTO. 
 
 SIEGE OFLEYDEN. 
 
 CIVILWARS IN FRANCE. 
 
 ARMADA DEFEATEUr 
 
 1600 
 
 iUTZEN. 
 
 THIRTY ~" 
 
 YEARS' 
 
 -REltGIOUS- 
 WAR 
 
 NAVAL BATTLES BETWEEN ENG.& HOL 
 
 1700 
 
 BLENHEIM. 
 PULTOWA. 
 
 GREAT 
 
 ItORTHERN 
 
 mSL 
 
 TORGAU 
 
 SARATOGA. 
 VALMY. 
 
 7 YEARS 
 
 WAR, 
 
 1800- 
 
 TRAFALGAR. 
 WATERLOO^ 
 
 5EBAST0P0L. 
 GETTYSBURG. 
 
 SEDAN. 
 
 PLEVNA. 
 
 1900- 
 
 izooo- 
 
10 
 
 GREATEST STRUCTURES. ETC. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 TEMPLE OF THE SUN 
 
 AND OTHER 
 
 ■AiNIFICENT STRUCTURES 
 
 AT BAALBEC, SYRIA. 
 
 PALACE 
 AND OTHER STRUCTURES 
 AT NIPPUR, BABYLONIA. 
 
 SPHINX AT GIZEH. 
 PYRAMIDS AT 6IZEH. 
 
 LABYRINTH. 
 OBELISK AT HELIOPOLIS. 
 
 2000 
 
 TEMPLES OF KARNAK AND OF 
 LUXOR, (THEBES) EGYPT. 
 
 COLOSSI AT THEBES. 
 
 CLEOPATRA'S NEEDLES. 
 
 TOMB OF SETI I. 
 
 CANAL IN EGYPT. 
 
 TEMPLE OF APOLLO 
 AT DELPHI. 
 
 1000- 
 
 B.C. 
 
 SOLOMON'S TEMPLE. 
 
 1000- 
 
 900 
 
 NORTH-WEST PALACE AT 
 NIMRUD IN ASSYRIA. 
 
 800 
 
 700 
 
 600 
 
 PALACES AT NINEVEH. 
 
 TEMPLE OF PALLAS AT 
 CORINTH BEGUN. 
 
 CLOACA MAXIMA AT ROME. 
 
 WALLS, HANGING GARDENS, 
 AND PALACES OF BABYLON. 
 
 TEMPLE OF DIANA AT 
 EPHESUS BEGUN. 
 
 TEMPLE OF NEPTUNE AT 
 PyESTUM. 
 
 TEMPLE OF 7 AT /EGINA. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 soo 
 
 HALL OF XERXES, PALACES, ETC. 
 AT PERSEPOLIS IN PERSIA. 
 
 TEMPLE OF JUPITER AT OLYMPIA COMPLETED. 
 TEMPLE OF THESEUS AT ATHENS. 
 
 PARTHENON AND SCULPTURES AT ATHENS. 
 
 STATUE OF OLYMPIAN JOVE BY PHIDIAS. 
 TEMPLE OF ERECHTHEUS AT ATHENS. 
 
 400 
 
 TEMPLE OF JUPITER OLYMPIUS AT 
 ATHENS, 6th TO 2nd CENT. B.C. 
 
 MAUSOLEUM AT HALICARNASSUS. 
 
 MONUMENT OF LYSICRATES AT ATHENS. 
 
 300 
 
 200 
 
 PHAROS AT ALEXANDRIA. 
 COLOSSUS OF RHODES. 
 
 ALEXANDRIAN LIBRARY. 
 
 TEMPLE OF EDFU, EGYPT. 
 GREAT WALL OF CHINA COMPLETED. 
 
 ROMAN 
 
 ROADS, 
 
 AQUEDUOXa, 
 
 B R I DO ES, 
 
 BAT H 8 
 
 AND 
 
 OATAOOMB8 
 
 BEQUN 312 B.O. 
 
 100 
 
 500 
 
 ROCK-HEWN TEMPLE IN INDIA. 
 TEMPLE AT DENDERAH, EGYPT, BEGUN. 
 
 REBUILDING OF TEMPLE AT JERUSALEM. 
 PANTHEON AT ROME. 
 
GREATEST STRUCTURES, ETC. 
 
 11 
 
 A.D. 
 
 PALACE OF THE 
 C/ESARS AT ROME. 
 
 ROMAN 
 AQUEDUCTS. 
 
 LAOCOON 
 
 (SCULPTURE.) 
 
 COLISEUM 
 ROME. 
 
 AT 
 
 100 
 
 BRIDGE AT ALCANTARA. 
 TRAJAN'S BRIDGE 
 
 OVER THE DANUBE. 
 
 TRAJAN'S COLUMN 
 
 AT ROME. 
 
 HADRIAN'S WALL 
 
 IN BRITAIN. 
 
 TEMPLE OE THE SUN 
 
 AT BAALBEK REBUILT. 
 
 200 — — — — 
 
 BATHS OF 
 
 CARACALLA 
 
 AT ROME. 
 
 300 ^— ^— 
 BATHSofDIOGLETIAN. 
 ARCHofCONSTANTINE. 
 
 CHURCH OF 
 ST.JOHNLATERAN. 
 
 BASILICA AT ROME. 
 
 400 
 
 RUINS OF 
 
 STONEHENGE, 
 
 ENGLAND. 
 
 500 
 
 A.D. 
 
 500 
 
 SANTA SOPHIA AT 
 CONSTANTINOPLE. 
 
 BASILICA AT 
 RAVENNA. 
 
 600 
 
 EDINBURGH CASTLE. 
 
 MOSQUE OF OMAR 
 AT JERUSALEM. 
 
 700 
 
 MOSQUE AT 
 
 CORDOVA. 
 800 
 
 IMPERIAL 
 CANAL 
 
 OF 
 CHINA 
 BEING 
 BUILT. 
 
 900 
 
 FEUDAL CASTLES 
 
 AND MONASTERIES 
 
 ON THE CONTINENT. 
 
 THEIR BUILDING 
 
 CONTINUED FOR 
 
 SOME CENTURIES. 
 
 1000 
 
 A.D. 
 
 ROCK-CUT TEMPLES IN INDIA. 
 
 1000- 
 
 ST. MARK'S CHURCH AT VENICE, 'l^^ 
 BASILICA OF SAN MINIATO, FLORENCE. 
 CATHEDRAL OF STRASBURG BEGUN. 
 
 NAVE FINISHED 127S. 
 TOWER FINISHED 1439. 
 
 CATHEDRAL OF SPIRES. 
 WESTMINSTER PALACE. (LONDON.) 
 
 IMPROVED IN 13th CENTURY. 
 
 TOWER OF LONDON COMMENCED. 
 DURHAM CATHEDRAL BEGUN. 
 
 1100' 
 
 MANY 
 C A8TL-£S 
 
 B u I i_-r I N 
 
 E N Q l_ A N D. 
 
 YORK MINSTER BEING REBUILT. 
 LEANING TOWER OF PISA. 
 CATHEDRAL OF NOTRE DAME, PARIS. 
 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE IN FRANCE. 
 CANTERBURY CATHEDRAL REBUILT. 
 MOSQUE AT OLD DELHI BEGUN. 
 
 I200- 
 
 LOUVRE, (PARIS) BEGUN. 
 OLD LONDON BRIDGE COMPLETED. 
 SALISBURY CATHEDRAL BEGUN. 
 RHEIMS CATHEDRAL 1212-1430. 
 AMIENS CATHEDRAL BEGUN 1220. 
 LINCOLN CATHEDRAL REBUILT. 
 COLOGNE CATHEDRAL 1248-1880. 
 WESTMINSTER ABBEY REBUILT. 
 ALHAMBRA (GRANADA, SPAIN) 1248-1314. 
 HEIDELBERG CASTLE BEGUN. 
 
 TEMPLE OF THE SUN AT CUZCO, PERU.? 
 1300 
 
 SANTA MARIA AT FLORENCE BEING BUILT. 
 
 DOME COMPLETED 1446. 
 
 GREAT BUDDHA TEMPLE IN JAVA.' 
 
 NEW WINDSOR CASTLE. 
 
 BRIDGE AT PRAGUE. 
 
 DOGE'S PALACE (VENICE) BEGUN. 
 
 WARWICK CASTLE. 
 
 BASTILLE AT PARIS. 
 
 BRIDGE OVER THE ADDA, ITALY. 
 
 CATHEDRAL AT MILAN BEGUN. 
 
 TEMPLE OF TANJORE, INDIA. 
 1400 
 
 WESTMINSTER HALL MUCH IMPROVED. 
 
 PORCELAIN TOWER OF NANKIN. 
 
 REBUILDING OF VATICAN BEGUN. 
 PITTI PALACE (FLORENCE) BEING BUILT. 
 
 GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE COMES TO AN 
 
 [END. 
 
 1500- 
 
 EXCELLENT ROADS FOUND IN PERU. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 1500- 
 
 ST. PETER'S AT ROME BEGUN. 
 CATHEDRAL AT SEVILLE, SPAIN. 
 
 CLASSIC REVIVAL OF ARCHITECTURE. 
 CATHEDRAL OF ST. BASIL, MOSCOW. 
 
 ESCURIAL PALACE NEAR MADRID. 
 TUILERIES, (PARIS) BEING BUILT. 
 
 RIALTO— MARBLE BRIDGE AT VENICE 
 
 1600- 
 
 CATHEDRAL OF MEXICO BEING BUILT. 
 
 TAJ MAHAL-MAUSOLEUM IN INDIA. 
 PALACE AT DELHI, INDIA. 
 
 VERSAILLES PALACE, NEAR PARIS. 
 
 MONUMENT OF LONDON. 
 
 ST. PAUL'S AT LONDON BEGUN. 
 
 1700- 
 
 BLENHEIM PALACE, ENGLAND. 
 
 THIRD EDDYSTONE LIGHTHOUSE. 
 OLD WESTMINSTER BRIDGE. 
 PANTHEON AT PARIS. 
 STONE BRIDGE OVER THE SEINE. 
 DIKES IN HOLLAND GREATLY IMPROVED. 
 CAPITOL AT WASHINGTON BEGUN. 
 
 I800- 
 
 LONDON DOCKS. 
 
 1806 SIMPLON ROAD. 
 
 1825 MENAI SUSPENSION BRIDGE. 
 
 1831 NEW LONDON BRIDQE. 
 
 *1840 HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT. 
 
 1842 CROTON AQUEDUCT. N. Y. 
 
 1850 BRITANNIA BRIDGE, MENAI ST. 
 
 1851 CRYSTAL PALACE, ENGLAND. 
 
 1852 HAARLEM MERE DRAINED. 
 
 1859 CABIN JOHN CREEK BRIDGE, U.S. 
 
 1860 VICTORIA BRIDGE AT MONTREAL. 
 1869 SUEZ CANAL. 
 
 1871 MOUNT CENIS TUNNEL. 
 
 1873 HOOSAC TUNNEL, MASS. 
 
 1874 OPERA HOUSE, PARIS. 
 
 1 879 ST. PATRICK'S CATHEDRAL, N. Y. 
 
 1880 ST. GOTTHARD TUNNEL, vou^f 
 
 1883 BROOKLYN SUSPENSION BRIDGE. 
 
 1884 WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 
 1886 STATUE OF LIBERTY, NEW YORK. 
 1889 EIFFEL TOWER, PARIS. 
 
 1889 FORTH BRIDGE, SCOTLAND. 
 
 *1893 SIMPLON TUNNEL. 
 
 «1899 ASSUAN DAM IN EGYPT. 
 
 Datet othar than C'l indicate comnlatlon nr niMnlnn 
 
12 
 
13 
 
14 
 
 B.C. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 B.C. 
 
 
 
 o rt 1 A Mn Ki 
 
 
 2000- 
 
 
 
 bULOMUN. 
 
 
 
 MO<^E<=i 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 XERXES. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 QnPPATFC- 
 
 A n B A LI AM 
 
 
 
 oUL»rfAI to. 
 
 ADrTAnAn. 
 
 
 n 1 1 Au 
 
 
 rsoo- 
 
 
 lAf\n „,,^,, „,,, 
 
 C. LI JAn. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PAM F <ir«ini 
 
 
 
 
 lAAncoto**- 
 
 
 PLATO. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DEMOSTHENES 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ALEXANDER. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 MOM r D 
 
 7FMn 
 
 1800- 
 
 
 
 nuri t K. 
 
 nnn 
 
 Z. C. IN U . 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 * A ^^ 0^ m^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 UAV*UO. 
 
 
 
 ADpU|MFnF<^ 
 
 
 
 
 MtTun It 1 cucd. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ISAIAH. 
 
 
 
 
 
 HANNIBAL. 
 
 1700- 
 
 
 pnn 
 
 70 n 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1600- 
 
 
 linn 
 
 NEBUCHADNEZZAR 
 
 ,„„ MITHRIDATES. 
 
 
 SAUL. 
 
 SOLON. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CiESAR 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 DAVID 
 
 pv I? 1 1 Q 
 
 
 
 
 \jJ K Uo. 
 
 /orTA\/iii<;\ 
 
 
 
 TADHIIIM 
 
 1 V/ v.> 1 M V 1 UO .1 
 
 Iaugustus/ 
 
 
 
 lAKyUln. 
 
 
 
 
 rONFUCIUS 
 
 
 1500 
 
 1000 
 
 500 
 
 
 
15 
 
 A.D. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 A.D. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ri ..I. 
 
 "inn 1 
 
 
 1500— MICHAEL ANGELO.- 
 
 1 1 IT u rr D 
 
 r* U D 1 CT 
 
 
 
 LMKIo 1 . 
 
 
 
 LU 1 ncK. 
 
 
 
 
 ruADi r*^ \/ 
 
 
 
 
 UnAKLCO V. 
 
 ST. PAUL. 
 
 
 
 
 NERO. 
 
 
 WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR. 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
 
 
 -LUl rVPJ3DAKin r-Bsi"nBv w+f- 
 
 WILLIAM THE SILENT. 
 
 
 
 Tn L UtT3 KM n U . G RE G OR Y Vtr. 
 
 ,„ trajan: 
 
 GREGOEY. 
 
 rnn . .. 
 
 
 D AmM 
 
 lino 
 
 '600— SHAKESPEARE.- 
 
 
 MnH A M MF n 
 
 
 
 rl U n M rl 1"! t U. 
 
 
 GALILEO. 
 r>i PLi m 1 CM 
 
 
 
 
 KluncLitU. 
 PDrtMVA/trl 1 
 
 
 
 
 UKUnWtLL. 
 
 
 
 PDCTVPdrlf IVADBABA^e^JI - 
 
 
 M.AURELIUS. 
 
 
 rTn:T7tT<rL.l\ .BARBAROSSA . 
 
 
 
 
 
 NEWTON. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 -rrsn 
 
 1200 — GENGHIS KHAN.- 
 
 1700— PETER THE GREAT- 
 
 
 
 
 SAINT BONIFACE 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 PPpnpPIPU Tiir roch-r 
 
 
 
 
 rncL/cniwrvTrit wheat. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CHARLEMAGNE. 
 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 
 
 U&DnUM Al'-DACUin 
 
 HA M T F 
 
 
 300 ST.ANTHONY. — 
 
 CONSTANTINF 
 
 nMiAvy vj iM rtu ITrtO nil/. 
 
 UAIN 1 t. 
 
 ,„o NAPOLEON. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 VICTORIA. 
 
 
 
 
 GLADSTONE. 
 
 
 
 
 LINCOLN. 
 
 
 
 "T n KA V m A fti r 
 
 
 Turnnn*' iiic 
 
 ALFRED. 
 
 TAMERLANE. 
 
 
 1 nLUUUDlUo. 
 
 
 
 
 _„ ST. AUGUSTINE. 
 
 onn 
 
 Mon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ATTILA. 
 
 
 
 
 1 FH 
 
 
 
 
 LCU . 
 
 
 
 
 
 OTHO. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 THEODORIC. 
 
 
 
 
 CLOVIS. 
 
 
 ^ ^\ t riLiir^ii^ 
 
 
 500 
 
 1000 
 
 COLUMBUS. 
 
 1500 1 
 
 2000 
 
16 
 
 B.C. 
 
 2000 
 
 ABRAHAM 
 
 1900 
 
 USAAC 
 
 JACOB 
 
 1800 
 
 _J05EPiL 
 
 1700 
 
 QUEEN HATASU 
 
 1600 
 
 THOTHMES m 
 
 M O S ES 
 
 1500 
 
 JOSHUA 
 
17 
 
 ? - 1500 B. C. 
 
 Sphinx. Great pyramid at Gizeh. 
 
 2400 Capital of the old Empire of Egypt changed from Memphis 
 to Thebes. 
 
 2348 Dei,UGB. 
 
 2300 Labyrinth and important national works. 
 
 Golden Age of Egyptian culture. 
 2247 TowBR OF Babei.. 
 
 Invaders from Asia take Memphis and settle in Lower Egypt. 
 2200-1700 Dominion of the Hyksos or Shepherds in Egypt. 
 2080 Hyksos conquer Lower Egypt. 
 
 1898 Destruction of Sodom. 
 
 1729 Joseph sold to Potiphar. 
 
 1706 Jacob and family migrate to Egypt. 
 
 Gigantic Temple at Karnac. 
 1500 Babylon, capital of a united Babylonia. 
 
B.C. 
 
 MOSES 
 
 1500 
 
 JOSHUA 
 
 18 
 
 EXODUS 
 
 RAMESCS n 
 THE GREA T 
 
 1400 
 
 RUTH 
 
 1300 
 
 ~iP" 
 
 GIDEON 
 
 1200 
 
 B7 
 
 B ? 
 
 ELI 
 
 SAMSON 
 
 SAUL 
 
 HOC 
 
 SAMUEL 
 
 DAVID 
 
 SOLOMON 
 
 HIRAM 
 
 1000 
 
19 
 1500 - 1000 B. C. 
 
 1500-1300 Bgyft. Foremost of the nations in arts and anus. 
 
 1500-1100 Sidon was the leading city of Phoenicia. Then Tyre was 
 
 1491 Exodus of the Hebrews from Egypt is placed by some, 171 
 years later. Dates of olden times are far from reliable. 
 The Hebrews after wandering 40 years in the wilderness, 
 conquer Canaan. 
 
 1450-1300 Greatest power of the Hittite realm in Syria. 
 
 First Canal from the Red Sea to the Nile. 
 1400-1095 Era of the Judges in Canaan. 
 
 Navigation and commerce in Egypt. 
 
 1194r-1184 Trojan War. 
 
 1120 Chow Dynasty. 
 
 1100 Dorians migrated southward into the Peloponnesus. 
 
 1100 Cadiz founded by the Phoenicians. 
 
 1095 Kingdom established among the Jews, under Saul. 
 
 1085 Philistines overwhelm Saul at Gilboa. 
 
 1048 Jerusalem taken by David. 
 
 1015 As a result of wars, David left, at his death, the largest 
 kingdom in the Oriental world. 
 
 1006 Solomon's Temple at Jerusalem dedicated. 
 
 1000 Ionian migration to Asia Minor. 
 
 Tyre at the height of its power. 
 
 Damascus the largest city of Syria. 
 
B.C. 
 
 SOLOMON 
 
 20 
 
 1000 
 
 JEROB 
 
 f^ 
 
 SHESHONK 
 
 iOROASTER 
 
 HOMER 
 -?— 
 
 EUJAH 
 
 900 
 
 SHALMANESER 
 
 AHAB 
 
 ELISHA- 
 
 JONAH 
 8 
 
 LYCURGUS 
 
 AAfD S/>A/frA. 
 
 800 
 
 TIGLATH- 
 
 PILESER 
 
 ISAIAH 
 
 ^AReON^ 
 
 700 
 
 SENNA- 
 _CHEfilB_ 
 
 JIQSEA- 
 
 MANASSEH 
 
 APALUS 
 
 CTAXARES 
 
 TTTALES 
 
 600 
 
 -SQVOll 
 
 _DRACQ- 
 
 NEBUCHAO- 
 NEZZAR 
 
 NECHO 
 
 JEREMIAH 
 
 PTTHAGORAS 
 
 CYRUS 
 
 500 
 
 DANIEL 
 
 BUDDHX 
 
 CONFUCIUS 
 
 DARIUS 
 HYSTASPIS TARQUIN 
 
 THE 
 
 PROUD 
 
 -CAMBYSES- 
 
 BRUTUS 
 
 CLIS T HE N E S 
 
21 
 
 1000 - 600 B. C. 
 
 976 Division of Solomon's Empire into the Kingdoms of Israel and 
 Judah. 
 
 898 King of Syria makes war on the Jews. 
 
 850 (about) Foundation of the colony of Carthage. 
 
 776 Beginning of the Olympiads. 
 
 767 General plague. 
 
 763 Rome founded. 
 
 745 New Assyrian Empire founded. 
 
 ( Sparta conquered the Messenians. 
 645-628 i ^ 
 
 734 Corinth founds Syracuse. 
 
 721 Final captivity of the Ten Tribes of Israel by Sargon. 
 
 717 Sargon took Karkamis, the key of the trade of Western Asia. 
 
 695 Babylon destroyed by Sennacherib. 
 
 657 Byzantium founded. 
 
 650 All Egypt united under Fsammetichus. 
 
 The Assyrian Empire reached the limits of its supremacy 
 under Sardanapalus. 
 
 640 Revolt of the Medes from the government of Assyria. 
 
 632 Great irruption of the Scythians into Media, Assyria, and Syria 
 
 607 (625) Nineveh taken and destroyed by the Medes and 
 Babylonians. 
 
 The Imperial and all powerful Assyrian nation now utterly 
 destroyed. 
 
 605 Victory of Nebuchadnezzar over Necho. Egyptians compelled 
 to retire from Asia. 
 
 586 Nebuchadnezzar captured and destroyed Jerusalem. Jews led 
 away to Babylon into captivity. 
 
 Babylon, the magnificent city, now at its height of glory. 
 
 560 Lydia attains the height of her power under King Crcesus. 
 
 558 C3rms subdued the Medes and founds the Persian Empire. 
 
 652 Temple of Diana at Ephesus. 
 
 538 Babylon taken by Cyrus, amid revelries. 
 
 536 Part of the Jews returned from captivity to Jerusalem. More 
 Jews return under Ezra (478). 
 
 525 Cambyses conquered Egypt. Egypt a Persian province. 
 
 513 Disastrous expedition of Darius with 700,000 men against 
 the Scythians. 
 
22 
 
 B.C 
 
 500 
 
 ARISTIDES. 
 
 . JlHEJllSTQCtES 
 
 XERXES 
 
 J>ERICIES 
 
 SOCRATES^ 
 
 HIPPOCRATES 
 
 PHIDIAS 
 
 SOPHOCLES 
 
 HERO0OTUS 
 
 PLATO 
 
 400 
 
 DEMOSTHENES 
 THE GENERAL 
 
 XENOPHON 
 
 T^^^ 
 
 PHILIP OF MACEDON 
 
 Di348 
 
 ALEXANDER 
 
 D EMOS TTHEWES 
 THE ORATOR 
 
 ARISTOTLE 
 
 -K«0- 
 
 SELEUCUS 
 
 PTOLEMY 
 SOTER 
 
 300 
 
 ONIA& 
 
 ^PJGURUS- 
 
 PYRRHUS 
 
 I 
 
 EUCLID 
 
 vwv 
 
 SIMON 
 
 ARCHIMEDES 
 
 MANETHO 
 
 TSm DYNASTTT 
 
 HERO 
 
 HANNIBAL 
 
 200 
 
 SCI PIG 
 
 CATO 
 
 ANTIOCMUS 
 THE GREAT" 
 
 APRICANUS 
 
 NERO THE GENERAL 
 
 HAN DYNASTY 
 
 M N6 
 
 GRACCHI 
 BROTHERS 
 
 MACCABEES 
 
 MARIUS 
 
 uvuwn t FIR 
 
 MITHRIDATES 
 T H « aWCA T — 
 
 SULLA 
 
 POMPEY 
 
 100 
 
 CICERO 
 
 C/CSAR 
 
 LUCRETIUS 
 
 AWTOWY 
 
 OCTAVIUS 
 
 HEROD 
 » ? 
 
 vH'V 
 
 "vAUV 
 
 CLEOPATRA^ 
 
 "s^s^v vnIa/ 
 
 VtRGIL 
 
 HORACE 
 
23 
 
 500-0 B.C. 
 
 Temple of Jnpiter in course of construction. 
 500-449 Persian Wars with the Greeks. 
 
 490 Marathon. Athenians repulsed the invasion of the Persians. 
 480 Thhrmopyl.*. Defense by Leonidas. 
 480 Salamis. Greek naval victory over Xerxes. 
 479 PLAT^eA AND MYCAI3. Greeks defeat Persians. 
 
 Golden Age of Greek Art commences. 
 457 Athens shows great naval activity. 
 438 Parthenon at Athens. 
 
 431-404 Pkloponnbsian Wars. Sparta gains supremacy over Athens. 
 430 Pestilence at Athens. 
 413 Syracusb. Athenian fleet defeated. 
 
 409-275 Repeated wars between the Carthaginians and Greeks in Sicily. 
 400 Retreat of the 10,000 Greeks after battle of Cunaxa. 
 390 Ai.ua. Utter defeat and rout of the Romans by the Gauls under Brennus. 
 367 Rome. Liciniao Laws. 
 362 Mantinba. Spartans and allies defeated. 
 360 Carthaginian settlements in Spain. 
 
 Carthage. The strongest of naval powers. 
 338 Ch^ronea. Victory of Philip of Macedon over the Thebans and Athenians. 
 334 Granicus. Alexander the Great defeated the Persians. 
 333 Issus. Alexander gained a brilliant victory over the Persians. 
 332 Egypt conquered by the Greeks. Alexandria founded. 
 331 Arb^la. Alexander crushed the Persian army, and became supreme. 
 
 326 Battle of Hydaspes. Alexander defeated Porus. 
 
 301 Ipsus. Overthrow of Antigouus. Empire divided. 
 
 280 Colossus of Rhodes completed. 
 
 280-276 Roman Wars with Pyrrhus. 
 
 266 Rome mistress of all Italy. 
 
 264-146 Punic Wars. First, Second, and Third. 
 
 216 CANNi^. Hannibal crushes the Roman legions. 
 
 215-146 Wars between Rome and Macedonia. 
 
 214 Great Wall of China completed. 
 
 212 Syracuse taken by the Romans. 
 
 207 Mbtaoros Romans shattered Hannibal's allies. 
 
 207 Scipio Africanus expeis the Carthagenians from Spain. 
 
 202 Zama. Decisive Roman victory over Hannibal, by (Africanus Major) Scipio. 
 
 197 Cynoscephai.£. Romans destroy Macedonia's army and power. 
 
 190 Magnesia. Romans destroy the army of Antiochus, the Great King of Syria. 
 
 168 Pydna. Roman Legions give the death blow to Macedonia. 
 
 > Captured and destroyed by the Romans. 
 
 149-140 Roman War with the Lusitanians. 
 
 146 CarThagk 
 
 146 Corinth 
 
 143-133 Numantine War. 
 
 133-27 Period of Roman internal strife. 
 
 Great V/balth, Money Aristocracy, Morai, Decay. 
 Poor classes increasing and too dependent. 
 113-101 War with the Cimbri and Teutones. 
 111-105 War against Jugurtha. 
 
 88-82 First and Second Mithridatic War. 
 
 74^65 Third Mithridatic War. 
 
 58-51 Csesar's Gallic Wars. 
 
 48 Pharsalia. Victory of Csesar ovei- Pompey. 
 
 48 Library (half million volumes) at Alexandria burned. 
 
 42 Philippi. Cassius and Brutus overwhelmed by Antony and Octavius. 
 
 31 Acticm. Octavius defeated fleets of Antony and Cleopatra. 
 Rome has become a splendid city. 
 
A.D. 
 
 24 
 
 -CHRIST- 
 
 TIBERIUS 
 
 B.4£ B.C. 
 
 NERO 
 
 SAUL 
 
 SENECA 
 
 ST.'AUL 
 
 PUNY 
 
 TRAJAN 
 
 100 
 
 TACITUS 
 
 HADRIAN 
 
 ANTONINUS-PIUS 
 
 JUSTIN 
 
 MARTYR 
 
 PTOLEMY 
 
 MARCUS AURELIUS 
 
 SALEN 
 
 CLEMENT 
 
 SEVERUS ALEXANDRIA 
 
 200 
 
 ORIGEN 
 
 AURELIAN 
 
 SAINT 
 CVPRIAN 
 
 DIOCLETIAN 
 
 PROBUS 
 
 300 
 
 CONSTANTINE .hp 
 
 SAINT 
 ANTHONY 
 
 ARI US 
 
 >Alr^ 
 
 ATHANASIUS 
 
 THEODOSIUS 
 
 CHRYSOSTOM 
 
 SAINT 
 
 THE GREAT 
 
 400 
 
 ALARIC 
 *f» 
 
 GENSERIC 
 » ? 
 
 LEO 
 
 -BTZ- 
 
 ZENO 
 
 THEODORIC CLOVIS 
 
 500 
 
 ODOACER 
 
 — T 
 
 ATTILA 
 
25 
 0-600 A. D. 
 
 9 Tbutoburg. Roman legions annihilated by Arminius (Prince 
 of a German Tribe). 
 
 16 Germanicus trivucphs over Arminius in Germany. 
 
 42 Awful famine in Egypt. 
 
 43-85 Roman conquest of Britain. 
 
 64 First persecution of the Christians. 
 
 64 Rome burned by Nero. 
 
 70 Jerusalem captured and Temple destroyed by Titus. 
 
 79 Eruption of Vesuvius. Herculaneum and Pompeii buried. 
 
 80 167 169 I 
 
 189 [ Great Plagues in Roman World. 
 250-265 \ 
 
 100 Greatest extension of the Roman Empire. 
 
 138-160 Golden Age of the Roman Empire. 
 
 200 Roman Empire threatened by the German tribes. 
 
 250 General persecution of the Christians. 
 
 250-260 General attacks on the Roman domains. 
 
 272-273 Zenobia, Queen of Palmyra, vanquished. 
 
 303 General persecution of the Christians. 
 
 312 Constantine conquers Italy. 
 
 323 Constantine master of the Roman World. 
 
 325 First council, of the Christian Church at Nicaea. A creed 
 adopted. 
 
 330 Constantinople (Byzantium) made the capital of the Roman 
 Empire by Constantine. 
 
 364 Roman Empire partitioned into East and West. 
 
 374 The Huns pass the Volga and are conquerors. 
 
 375-568 Migrations of the Ruthless Huns, Goths, etc., on a large 
 scale, into the Roman Empire. 
 
 378 AdrianoplB. Great victory of the Goths over the Romans. 
 
 381 Second general council of the Christian Church at Constan- 
 tinople. 
 
 395 Final division into the Eastern or Byzantine Empire and the 
 Western Empire. 
 
 THE ROMAN EDIPIBB, the Ruler of the World in 
 the time of Aogustiis, has ceased to be the great 
 power. The Fall of the Western Empire Is usually 
 given as 47ft A. D. Eastern or Byzantian Empire 
 continued to 1453. 
 
 406 Vandals, etc., invade Gaul. 
 
 410 Rome taken and sacked by the Visigoths under Alaric. 
 
 411 Rome forced to recall her legions from Britain. 
 415 Founding of the Visigothic Kingdom in Spain. 
 429-534 Kingdom of the Vandals in Africa. 
 449-607 English conquest of Britain. 
 
 450 Famine in Italy. 
 
 451 Chai/jns. Romans defeated Attila in a terrible battle, and 
 
 one of the most important in history. 
 
 452 Foundation of Venice. 
 
 455 Rome sacked by the Vandals under Genseric. 
 
 476 Odoacer supplants the Caesars at Rome. 
 
 486 SoissoNS. Franks under Clovis vanquish the Romans in Gaul. 
 
 490-493 Theodoric invades Italy and overthrows Odoacer. 
 
26 
 
 AD. 
 
 500 
 
 SAfNT THEODORIC 
 BENEDICT 
 
 MARSgS 
 
 JUSTINIAN 
 
 tnn fsi. 
 
 GREGORY 
 
 BELISARIUS 
 
 MAHOMET 
 
 OR 
 
 HDHAmWEXr 
 
 600 
 
 -5FC« Hg mcuus 
 
 "OTHWAfT 
 
 
 RODERIC 
 
 5AIHT 
 BONIFACE 
 
 fWRTEC 
 
 700 
 
 PEPI W 
 — IT" 
 
 CHARLEMA6NE 
 
 HAROUN 
 -Ak-RASWB- 
 
 EGBERT 
 
 800 
 
 .LOTHAIRE. 
 
 I 
 
 NICHOLAS 
 THE GREAT 
 
 ftLF^eO — 
 
 THE GREAT 
 
 RURIK 
 
 ROLLO 
 
 900 
 
 HENRY 
 
 OTHO 
 
 ZIMISCES 
 
 VLADIMIR 
 
 1000 
 
 HUGH 
 
 "CWET- 
 » t 
 
27 
 
 500-1000 A. D. 
 
 450-700 Angles and Saxons settling in Britain. 
 
 507 Clovis founds a capital in Gaul for the Franks. 
 
 533 Belisarius destroys the Vandal power in Africa. 
 
 54^ Earthquake felt by nearly the whole world. 
 
 555 Narses destroys the kingdom of the Ostro-Goths, in Italy. 
 
 557 Earthquake. Constantinople. Thousands perish. 
 
 558 Dreadful plague begins in Europe. 
 568-774 Kingdom of the Lombards in Italy. 
 622 Mohammed. Flight from Mecca to Medina. 
 629 Mecca submits to Mohammed. 
 
 635 Cadksia. Saracens vanquish the Persians. 
 
 640 Saracens invade Egypt. 
 
 641 BaTXi,b op Nehavbns. Decisive victory for the Saracens 
 
 over the Persians. 
 
 661-750 Rule of Ommiad Caliphs. Capital, Damascus. They 
 made attacks on Europe. 
 
 709 Subjugation of Northern Africa, by the Saracens, completed. 
 
 711 Battle of XerEz-de-la-Frontera. Kingdom of Visigoths 
 destroyed by the Saracens or Moors. 
 
 711-1492 Saracens and Moors in Spain. A high civilization. 
 Height of their power was in 10th Century. 
 
 732 TotTRS OR Poitiers. Saracens defeated by the Franks under 
 Martel. 
 
 739 Famine in England, Wales, and Scotland. 
 
 742 Awful Earthquake in Syria, Palestine, and Asia. Immense 
 loss of life. 
 
 750-1258 Rule of the Abbasside Caliphate. Bagdad founded and 
 made the Capital about 765. 
 
 751 Pepin, King of Franks, founds the Carlovingian dynasty, 
 
 772 Charlemagne begins his wars and conquests. 
 
 800 Charlemagne, Emperor of the West. 
 
 827 England united under Egbert. 
 
 843 Treaty of Verdun. France, Germany, and Italy become sep- 
 arate and independent States. 
 
 This is a period of great confusion and many changes. 
 
 871 Alfred the Great, founder of modem England. 
 
 Papal power has become well established, 
 
 894 Magyars or Hungarians, descend into Hungary, and establish 
 themselves. 
 
 911 Northmen gained a permanent foothold in Normandy. 
 954-957 Famine in England, Wales, and Scotland. 
 933 MBHSKBURG. Henry, the Fowler, defeats the Hungarians. 
 955 I>ECH. Otho vanquishes the Hungarians. 
 
 962 Foundation of the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation. 
 
 988 Conversion and unification of Russia. 
 
 1000 Rise of Poland. 
 
 1000 Genoa becomes rich and powerful. 
 
28 
 
 A.D 
 
 1000 
 
 SANCHO 
 THE GREAT 
 
 CANUTE 
 
 EDWARD 
 
 THt 
 
 CONFESSOR 
 
 _ MLLttM 
 
 THE 
 
 CONQUEROR 
 
 FERDINAND 
 
 X 
 
 HILDEBRAND 
 
 CID 
 
 PETER 
 
 THE 
 
 -HERMIT 
 
 OMAR 
 KHAYYAM 
 
 GODFREY 
 
 HFMRV 
 
 I 
 
 1100 
 
 " ABCCARO ^ 
 
 ST. BERNARD 
 
 6R 
 
 TBt 
 
 FREDERICK 
 BARBAROSSA 
 
 A'BECKET . 
 
 HENRY 
 
 n: 
 
 SALADIN 
 
 RICHARD 
 CCEURDELION 
 
 1200 
 
 PHI LIP 
 AUGUSTUS 
 
 INNOCENT 
 SI 
 
 FREDERICK 
 
 ir 
 
 6ENGH1S 
 iCMAtL_ 
 
 SAINT 
 FRANCIS 
 OF ASSISI 
 
 LOUIS 
 
 
 EDWARD 
 
 I 
 
 SAINT 
 
 BACON 
 
 RUDOLPH 
 Bi2ia I 
 
 -AQtJIMAS- 
 
 ■ PHI L I P 
 
 OTHMAN 
 
 OR 
 
 OSMAN 
 
 DANTE 
 
 1300 
 
 OTTO MAM 
 
 BRUCE 
 
 EDWARD 
 
 WYCLIFFE 
 
 TAMERLANE 
 
 BAJA7.ET 
 
 CHAUCER 
 
 MARGARET 
 "DENMARK" 
 
 H E N RY 
 
 MOO 
 
 JAMES STUART 
 
 B 1328 ? 
 
 --SietSMUND 
 
 WARWICK 
 
 HENRY 
 
 I50O 
 
 MARGARET" 
 
 OF >^AN/ 
 
 ANJOU 
 
 CHARLES 
 
 LOUIS 
 
 RICHARD 
 
 <fW 
 
 »«" 
 
 ROR 
 
 CHARLES 
 THE BOLD 
 
 IVAN 
 
 THE GREAT 
 
 ISABELLA 
 
 9UK 
 
 SAVON- 
 AROLA 
 
 COLUMBUS 
 
 B I'M-? 
 
 LEONARDO 
 _QA.V|1WCL_ 
 
 -LORENZO 
 
 DE'MEDICI 
 
29 
 
 1000 - 1500 A. D. 
 
 1016-1042 Daoish supremacy over England. ry^ _^. 
 
 1054 Separation of the Church of the West from the Church of 
 1066 Hastings. Victory of William the Norman over Harold the 
 
 1075 Struggle between Henry IV. and Pope Gregory. [Saxon. 
 
 1076 Turks capture Jerusalem. 
 1096-1272 Crusades. 
 
 1099 Jerusalem besieged and taken by the Christians. 
 
 1099-1187 Christian Kingdom of Jerusalem. 
 
 1125 Venice in its glory. Makes offensive wars. 
 
 1167 Lombard I/Cague (23 Italian Cities). 
 
 1176 Lkgnano. Ivombard League defeated Frederick Barbarossa. 
 
 1183 Liberties of Italian cities secured. 
 
 1187 Conquest of Acre and Jerusalem by Saladin. 
 
 1189-1191 Acre besieged and taken by Richard and allies. 
 
 1200 Papal dominion independent of the German emperors. 
 
 1204 Overthrow of the Byzantine Empire. Establishment of the 
 Latin Empire of Constantinople, which stood till 1261. 
 
 1204 The Republic of Venice, one of the greatest commercial 
 powers. 
 
 1212 Tow)SA. Decisive victory of the Christians over the Moors. 
 
 1213 MURET. Albigenses defeated by Simon de Montfort. 
 1218-1232 Wars between Venice and Genoa. Also at latter dates. 
 1219 Samarkand (the Athens of Asia) destroyed by Genghis Khan. 
 
 1240 The Mongols, after overrunning Russia, advance into Central 
 
 Europe. 
 
 1241 Wahlstatt nbar Likgnitz. Victory of the Mongols over 
 
 the Germans, but the Mongol advance into Europe was 
 
 1250 Mamelukes govern Egypt till 1517. [checked. 
 
 1258 Mongols besieged and sacked Bagdad. 
 
 1280 First Mongol dynasty fully established in China. 
 
 1291 Turks capture Acre from the Christians. 
 
 1315 MORGARTKN. Swiss defeated the Austxians. 
 
 1338-1453 Hundred Years' War. Series of wars between England 
 
 1346 CRi;CY. Utter defeat of the French. f"*^ France. 
 
 1348-1351 Black Death throughout Europe. Millions perished. 
 Reappeared in 1360, 1373, and 1382. 
 
 1356 PoiTiBRS. Victory of the English over the French. 
 
 1361 Turks take Adrianople. 
 
 1366 Tamerlane begins his conquests. 
 
 1382 The Hanseatic League of over ninety cities in its zenith. 
 
 BegJin about 1250. 
 1382-1434 Most flourishing period of the Florentine Republic. 
 1386 Sempach. Victory of the Swiss over the Austrians. 
 1398 Sack of Delhi by Tamerlane. 
 1402 Angora. Tamerlane vanguished Bajazet. 
 1407 Bank of Genoa established. Grew to be a great power. 
 1415 Agincourt. Victory of Henry V. over the French. 
 1419-1436 Hussite war. 
 1420 Venice at zenith of her power. 
 
 1429 Siege of Orleans. Joan of Arc's victory over the English. 
 1463 Archduchy of Austria created. 
 1463 Capture of Constantinople by the Turks. 
 
 Fall of the Eastern Empire. 
 
 li77 Nancy. Overthrow of Charles the Bold by the Swiss. 
 
 1479 Nearly the whole of Spain united in one monarchy. 
 
 1480 Emancipation of Russia from the Mongol yoke. 
 1482 Alhama, the key of Grenada, wrested from the Moors. 
 1492 America discovered by Columbus. 
 
 1495-1513 French invasions of Italy. 
 
 1497 Vasco da Gama doubled the Cape of Good Hope, rgmnire 
 
 1499 Swiss confederacy became virtually independent of the German 
 
 Cordova, Spain. A great centre of commerce and learning. 
 
 1014 Inundation on coast of England and the Netherlands. 
 
 1015-1439 Building of Strasburg Cathedral. 
 
 1016 Awful famine throughout E'arope. 
 
 1066-1217 England and France. First period of rivalship. 
 
 1086 Domesday Book completed. 
 
 1108 Flanders inundated by the sea. 
 
 1118-1312 Order of Knights Templars. 
 
 1122 Concordat of Worms. Contest about Investiture ended. 
 
 1130 Foundation of the oldest universities. 
 
 1154 Henry II. Plantagenet Dynasty in England till 1485. 
 
 1157 Bank of Venice established. 
 
 1163-1312 Building of Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris. 
 
 1170 All Saints' Flood in Holland. 
 
 1193-1195 Famine in England and France which led to a fever. 
 
 1200 Mining of coal in England on a large scale began, 
 
 1200 The Papacy on the summit of its power. 
 
 1209 Franciscan order founded. 
 
 1215 Magna Charta signed by King John. 
 
 1215 Dominican order founded. 
 
 1215 Inquisition instituted by Innocent III. 
 
 1240 The Golden Horde, planted on the Volga by the Mongols, were 
 conquered by Tamerlane about 1400, and by Ivan III. , 1480, 
 
 1248-1880 Cologne Cathedral. 511 feet in height. 
 
 1249 Oxford University placed on a stronger basis. 
 
 1256-1273 Interregnxmi in Germany. Empire lost vigor. Confusion. 
 
 1257 Cambridge University. First society of students. 
 
 1268 Earthquake in Cilicia. 60,000 perish. 
 
 1278 Marchfei,d. Rudolph vanquishes Ottocar of Bohemia. 
 
 1283 Union of England and Wales. 
 
 1292 Beginning of the Swiss Confederacy. 
 
 1296 Dunbar. Scots defeated by the English, 
 
 1306-1342 Scotch War for Independence. 
 
 1314 Bannockburn. Edward II. defeated by Robert Bruce. 
 
 1315 Dreadful famine in England. 
 
 1346 Cannon used by the English at Crecy, 
 
 1347 Rienzi. Tribune of Rome. 
 1363 Famine in England and France. 
 1354 Gaxwpou. Seized by the Turks. 
 
 1356 The Golden Bull of Germany for the election of Emperors. 
 
 1378-1417 Great Schism in the Western or Roman Church. 
 
 1381 Revolt of the peasants under Wat Tyler, which led to the 
 abolition of villeinage. 
 
 1397 Denmark, Norway and Sweden united under Queen Margaret. 
 
 1401 Parliament passes act to bum the Lollards. 
 
 1414-1418 Constance. Council of the Roman Catholic Church, 
 
 1415 Burning of John Hubs at Constance. [Unity restored, 
 
 1421 Holland. Sea broke in. 100,000 drowned. 
 
 1439 The beginning of standing armies. 
 
 1450 Jack Cade's insurrection in England. 
 
 1450 Gutenberg practiced the art of printing. 
 
 1450 (about) Mazarin Bible. 
 
 1455-1485 War of the Roses in England. 
 
 1456 Earthquake at Naples. 40,000 perish. 
 
 1477 Caxton prints the first book in England. 
 
 1480 Inquisition established in Spain. 
 
 1483 Great flood on the Severn river. 
 
 1485 BoswoRTH Field. Richard III. defeated and slain, 
 
 1485-1603 Tudor Dynasty in England. 
 
AD 
 
 1000 
 
 30 
 
 1100 
 
 1200 
 
 1300 
 
 1400 
 
 I50O 
 
31 
 1000 - 1500 A. D. 
 
A.D 
 
 32 
 
 LEO 
 
 PIZARRO 
 
 LUTHER 
 
 1500 
 
 HtVtWf 
 
 FRANCIS 
 
 SOLYMAN 
 
 SIGISMUND 
 
 CORTES 
 
 GUSTAVUS . COPERNICUS 
 
 vnsTT 
 
 CHARLES 
 -x 
 
 ELIZABETH 
 
 C AT H AR IW e sofcraN COtWWW 
 
 DE' MEDICI 
 
 WILLIAM 
 THE SILENT 
 
 H 
 
 ANGELO 
 
 TTnAN 
 
 RAPHAEL 
 
 BAC^N 
 lEgSMfilSJL 
 
 HENRY 
 
 1600 
 
 X 
 
 iCROMWELL- 
 
 TtttY 
 
 RICHELIEU 
 
 MAZARIN 
 
 
 
 ■WILLIAM 
 
 PR. OF ORANGE 
 
 MARL- 
 BOReu«M- 
 
 WALPOLE 
 
 1700 
 
 GUSTAVUS 
 
 ADOLPHUS 
 
 RIHB 
 
 "TREDERrCK" 
 
 WILLIAM _^^ .^^ .j^ 
 
 JSREATELECTOR 
 
 RALEIGH 
 
 WALLENSTEIN 
 
 SHAKESPEARE 
 GALILEO 
 
 "ceHui" 
 
 -FREBERtCK- 
 WILLIAM r 
 
 CHARLES <=» 
 
 PETER 
 THE G REAT 
 
 RUBENS 
 
 VANDYKE 
 REMBRANDT 
 
 MILTON 
 
 MURILLO 
 
 LOCKE 
 
 NEWTON 
 
 ADDISON 
 F(?ANKLIN pQpg 
 
 B^C^^ HANDEL 
 
 J.EDWARDS 
 VOLTAIRE 
 
 WTT- 
 
 FREDERICK H k 
 
 -I 
 
 TUHGOT^ 
 
 CANNING 
 
 Wctltflvrail ^lAPOLCOH 
 
 1800 
 
 V I C T OR I A 
 
 1900 
 
 -PECfc 
 
 enPE 
 OCAPST ON E 
 
 -MIRABEAU 
 
 MARIA ^ 
 THERESA 
 
 -eATHARINE 
 3C 
 
 ROBESPIERRE 
 
 N/ll'V 
 
 QU 
 
 —WILLIAM . 
 
 ROR I 
 
 NICHOLAS 
 
 WASHINGTON 
 
 METTERNICH 
 
 BISMARCK 
 
 viwouR uNeetH 
 
 uhunS~ 
 
 CHANG 
 
 son i»sis« ftOU SS E AU 
 
 WEBSTER 
 
 KANT 
 HERSCHEL 
 
 SOETHE 
 WOZART 
 
 - HUMBOLDT - 
 
 BEETHOVEN 
 LEO BOLIVAR 
 
 ^™^ J10RSE 
 
 GRANT 
 
 PO 
 
 HUGO 
 
 DARWIN 
 
 WAGNER 
 
 ■SPENCER- 
 
 PASTEUR 
 
 "T 
 
33 
 
 1500-1900 A. D. 
 
 1513 Fm)dden Field. James IV. of Scotland overwhelmed 
 
 by the English. 
 
 1517-164fi Era of the Reformation. 
 
 1519-1521 Conquest of Mexico by Cortes. 
 
 1521 Diet of Worms. Luther defended his position as a 
 
 Reformer. 
 
 1525 Pa VIA. French power in Italy shattered beyond repair. 
 
 1626 Ferdinand I. increases the possessions of Austria. 
 
 1529 First siege of Vienna by the Turks. 
 
 1630 & 1555 Diets of Augsburg. Religious peace concluded. 
 
 1531-1533 Conquest of Peru by Pizarro. 
 
 1545-1563 Council of Trent. It condemned the leading doctrines 
 of the Reformation. 
 
 1565-6 Ridley, I^timer, Cranmer, and 300 other Protestants 
 
 burned at the stake. 
 
 1562-1598 Crvii, (8) Wars in France. Catholics and Huguenots. 
 
 1568-1648 War of Liberation in the Netherlands. 
 
 1571 Lepanto. Decisive naval battle between the Turks 
 
 and Christians. 
 
 1572 Massacre of St. Barthow>mew. Coligni and thou- 
 
 sands of Huguenots slain. 
 
 1673-1574 Siege OF Lbyden. Dikes cut and Spaniards drowned. 
 
 1579 The Union of Utrecht. Foundation of the Dutch 
 
 Republic. 
 
 1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English fleet. 
 
 1590 IVRV. Henry IV. of France defeats Catholic Leaguers. 
 
 1598 Edict of Nantes granting toleration to the Huguenots. 
 
 1618-1648 Thirty years' religious war in Central Europe. 
 
 1 1631 LEiPSic. Adolphus victorious. 
 
 I- 1632 LuTZEN. Death of Adolphus. 
 Germany's population decreased more than half. 
 
 1627-1628 Siege and capture of La Rochelle from the Huguenots 
 by Richelieu. 
 
 1644 Manchu Tartars seize the sovereign power in China. 
 
 1644 Marston Moor. Royalists defeated. 
 
 1648 Peace of Westphalia. Equal rights to the Protestants 
 
 and Catholics, etc. 
 
 1652-3 
 
 1664 
 
 1683 
 
 1685 
 
 1688 
 
 1689-1697 
 
 1690 
 
 1692 
 
 1700 
 1700-1721 
 
 1701-1714 
 1702-1713 
 1704 
 
 1709 
 1713 
 1740-1748 
 
 1745 
 
 England and Holland contend in naval battles. 
 
 St. Gotthard. Turks routed by the Christians. 
 
 Second siege of Vienna by the Turks. Sobieski brought 
 relief and gamed a victory. 
 
 Revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Migration of the 
 Huguenots from France. 
 
 The EngUsh Revolution. Parliament in control. 
 William and Mary. 
 
 War of the "Grand Mhsmce" against France. 
 
 BoYNE. William III. defeated James II. 
 
 La Hogub. French fleet destroyed by the English and 
 Dutch. 
 
 Narva. Sweden destroys the Russian Army. 
 
 Great Northern War in Europe. Alliance against 
 Sweden. 
 
 War of the Spanish Succession. 
 
 Queen Anne's war against the French. 
 
 Blenheim. French army almost destroyed by Marl- 
 borough. 
 
 PULTOWA. Decisive triumph of Russia over Sweden. 
 
 Peace of Utrecht \ England gained Gibraltar, etc. 
 
 I Austria gamed possessions m Italy, etc. 
 
 War of the Austrian Succession. Prussia, France, etc., 
 against Maria Theresa, etc. 
 
 FONXBNOY. French defeated the allies. 
 
 1756-1763 
 
 1757-1784 
 
 1759 
 1760 
 
 Seven Years' War. Against Frederick the Great, of 
 
 Prussia, by allies. 
 War of the English in India. Great success of Lord 
 
 Clive. 
 Prance lost her American Colonies. 
 
 Quebec. 
 
 TORGAU. 
 
 the 
 
 1763 
 
 Complete rout of the Austrians by 
 Prussians under Frederick the Great. 
 Peace of Paris. Prussia gained a place among the 
 great powers, 
 1772, '92, '95 Partition of Poland, by Russia, Prussia and Austria. 
 
 1775-1783 War of Independence. 1777 Saratoga. 1781 
 
 yorktown. 
 1782 Naval victories finally establish the maritime supremacy 
 
 of England. 
 
 1789-1792 
 
 1792 
 
 1796-1815 
 1796-1800 
 1798 
 
 1800 
 1803 
 1803 
 1805 
 
 1805 
 
 1806 
 
 1806 
 1808-1814 
 
 1809 
 
 1810-1825 
 
 1812 
 1812 
 
 1813 
 1813 
 
 1814-16 
 
 1815 
 
 1815 
 
 1821-1829 
 
 1827 
 
 1830-1831 
 
 1848-1849 
 
 1854r-1856 
 
 1859 
 1861 
 
 1866 
 
 1870 
 
 1870 
 
 1877-8 
 
 1878 
 
 1894 
 
 1898 
 
 1898 
 1899 
 
 French Revolution. 1793-4 Reign of Terror. 
 Guillotine active. 
 
 Valmy. Prussians and Austrians defeated by the French. 
 
 Napoleonic Wars. 
 
 Napoleon's brilliant campaigns. 
 
 Battle of the Nile. French army cut off from 
 France. 
 
 Marengo. Victory of Napoleon over the Austrians. 
 British authority supreme throughout India. 
 Renewed War between England and France. 
 
 Trafalgar. Great Naval victory of Nelson over the 
 
 French and Spanish. 
 AusTERLiTZ. Napoleon defeats the Austrians and 
 
 Russians. 
 
 Battle of Jena. Victory of Napoleon over the 
 
 Prussians. 
 End of the German or Holy Roman Empire. 
 
 War between Napoleon and Great Britain in Spain and 
 
 Portugal. 
 Wagram. Decisive victory of Napoleon over the 
 
 Austrians, 
 Spanish colonies in Mexico and South America won 
 
 their Independence. 
 Borodino. Napoleon defeats the Russians. 
 
 Burning of Moscow. Retreat of Napoleon with great 
 
 loss. 
 LUTZEN. Napoleon defeats the Russians and Prussians. 
 
 Leipsic. Napoleon's army overwhelmed by allied 
 forces of Russia, Germany, and Austria. 
 
 Congress of Vienna by the five great powers. 
 
 Waterloo. Napoleon crushed by Wellington. 
 
 The Holy Alliance between Russia, Austria, and Prussia. 
 
 Greek Revolution. Resulted in Independence. 
 Navarino. Destruction of the Turkish Egyptian fleet. 
 Revolutions in France, Belgium, etc. 
 Many Revolutions in Europe. 
 
 Crimean War. Siege of Sebastopol by the English, 
 
 French, etc. 
 SoLFERiNO. French and Sardinians defeat Austrians. 
 
 Bull Run. 1863 Gettysburg. 1865 Richmond 
 
 surrendered. 
 Sadowa, Defeat of the Austrians by the Prussians. 
 Sedan. Germans defeat the French. 
 Italy has achieved its freedom and unity. 
 Turco-Russian War. Russians capture Plevna. 
 Congress of Berlin. 
 War between China and Japan. 
 
 Czar of Russia proposes disarmament and a peace 
 
 conference. 
 War between the United States and Spain. 
 Outbreak of War between England and the Boers. 
 
AD 
 
 1500 
 
 84 
 
 !600 
 
 1700 
 
 1800 
 
 1900 
 
35 
 
 1500 - 1900 A. D. 
 
 1006-1626 
 
 1508 
 
 1510 
 
 1513 
 
 1513 
 
 1519-22 
 
 1534 
 
 1534 
 
 1551 
 
 1565 
 
 1587 
 
 1600 
 
 1603 
 
 1607 
 
 1608 
 
 1610 
 
 1614 
 
 1619 
 
 1620 
 
 1627-58 
 
 1638 
 
 1640-53 
 
 1642^5 
 
 1649-60 
 
 1675-1710 
 
 1694 
 
 1707 
 
 1711-20 
 
 1717-20 
 
 1721 
 
 1754-63 
 
 1759 
 
 1769 
 
 1774^85 
 
 1788 
 
 1793 
 
 1799 
 
 1801 
 
 1810 
 
 1819 
 
 1825 
 
 1829 
 
 1830 
 
 18S5 
 
 1838 
 
 1844 
 
 1846 
 
 1848 
 
 1851 
 
 1857-8 
 
 1857-70 
 
 1859-69 
 
 1866 
 
 1870 
 
 1871 
 
 1871 
 
 1877 
 
 Building of St. Peter's Cathedral. 
 
 League of Cambray against Venice. 
 
 Albuquerque. Portuguese Viceroy of the Indies. 
 
 Ponce de Leon discovers Florida. 
 
 Balboa discovers the Pacific. 
 
 Magellan's voyage around the globe. 
 
 England separates from the Church of Rome. 
 
 Order of Jesuits founded by Loyola. 
 
 Turkish Empire at the zenith of its power. 
 
 Spaniards settle St. Augustine, Fla. 
 
 Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, executed. 
 
 English-East India Company chartered. 
 
 The Stuarts in England till 1688. 
 
 Jamestown, Va., settled by the English. 
 
 Quebec. Settled by the French. 
 
 Moors expelled from Spain. Great Decay of Spain 
 during this century. 
 
 First Dutch settlements in (now) New York. 
 
 Discovery of the circulation of the blood by Harvey. 
 
 Landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth, Mass. 
 
 Taj Mahal. The most ornate Mausoleum in the world. 
 
 Harvard (Mass.) College founded. 
 
 Long Parliament in England. 
 
 Civil War. Between Parliament and Charles I. 
 
 Commonwealth and Protectorate under Cromwell. 
 
 Building of St. Paul's Cathedral. 
 
 Bank of England established. 
 
 Union of England and Scotland as Great Britain. 
 
 South Sea Bubble in England. 
 
 Law's Bubble. Vast financial schemes. 
 
 Modem Cabinet system in England under Walpole. 
 
 French and Indian war. Connected with the seven 
 years' war in Europe 
 
 Quebec. Taken by the English. The French lose 
 their American colonies. 
 
 Invention of the steam engine by Watt. 
 
 Warren Hastings. Governor General of India. 
 
 Coal and coke used in smelting iron. 
 
 Whitney invents the cotton-gin. 
 
 Rosetta Stone discovered in Egypt. 
 
 Legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland. 
 
 Napoleon at the height of his power. Germany humil- 
 
 The steamer Savannah crosses the Atlantic. ^^ 
 
 Erie Canal opened in New York State. fenson 
 
 "Rocket." First practical locomotive built by Steph- 
 
 Belgium revolts from Holland and becomes a monarchy. 
 
 Rise of American Literature. 
 
 Steamship Great Western crosses the Atlantic. 
 
 First telegraph line opened in the U. S. 
 
 Ether introduced into surgical practice. 
 
 Discovery of gold in California. 
 
 Coup d'etat of Louis Napoleon who was made Emperor 
 
 Sepoy Mutiny in India. ^^^ ^^^^■ 
 
 Mont Cenis tunnel. Eight miles long. 
 
 Construction of the Suez Canal. 
 
 The Great Eastern lays the Atlantic cable. 
 
 Fall of the French Empire. France again a Republic. 
 
 Re-estabUshment of the German Empire. 
 
 Treaty of Washington for arbitration. 
 
 Production of Bessemer rails in the U. S. is greater than 
 that of iron rails. 
 
 The following partial list of disasters serves as a reminder 
 
 that man (even with the greatest wealth) cannot 
 
 withstand the elements or the laws of God. 
 
 1530 General inundation in Holland. 400,000 drowned. 
 
 1531 Earthquake at Lisbon. 30,000 perish. 
 1565 Famine throughout British Isles. 
 1626 Earthquake at Naples. 70,000 perish. 
 
 1656 Plague in Naples. 400,000 deaths. rt)eriahed. 
 
 1665 Great plague in London. One-fifth of the population 
 
 1666 Great fire in London. A blessing ; purifying the city. 
 
 1667 Earthquake at Schamaki. Lasted 3 months. 80,000 
 1693 Awful famine in France. Lpensh- 
 1693 Earthquake in Sicily. 100,000 perish. 
 
 1703 Earthquake at Jeddo, Japan. 200,000 perish. 
 
 1703 Great storm in England. 80,000 drowned. 
 
 1746 Earthquake. Lima and Callao demolished. 
 
 1748 General famine in Britain. 
 
 1755 Great earthquake and immense sea waves at Lisbon. 
 
 60,000 perish. This awful earthquake destroyed other 
 cities and was felt for 5,000 miles. 
 
 1771 Famine devastates Bengal. 
 
 1771 Ripon Flood in Yorkshire. 
 
 1783 Violent earthquake in Calabria. 40,000 perish. 
 
 1787 Torrents from the mountains in Navarre. 
 
 1789 Grevious famine in Prance — hastened the French 
 
 1792 Plague in Egypt. 800,000 perish. [Revolution. 
 
 1797 Earthquake in Central America. 40,000 perish. 
 
 1801 Famine throughout Britain. 
 
 1822 Coast of Chili permanently raised by an earthquake. 
 
 1835 Great fire in New York City. 
 
 1837-1838 Famine in North-west India. 800,000 perish. 
 
 1838 Great fire in Charleston, S. C. 
 
 1840 & 6 Awful inundations in France. 
 
 1845 Two great fires in New York City. 
 
 1846 Great famine in Ireland caused by failure of potato crop. 
 
 1851 Two great fires in San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 1865-1866 Famine in North-east India. 1,000,000 perish. 
 
 1867-1868 Noted series of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and 
 great sea wave oscillations, culminating on the west 
 coast of South America. Great losses. 
 
 1868-1869 Famine in North-west India. 1,500,000 perish. 
 
 1871. 1872 Great Fires. Chicago. Boston. 
 
 1877 Famine on west coast of India. 500,000 perish. 
 
 1877 Earthquake and tidal wave on west coast of South 
 
 America near Callao. 
 
 1877-1878 Famine in North China. 9,500,000 said to have perished. 
 
 1881 Typhoon in China. 300,000 perish. 
 
 1883 Java desolated by many volcanic eruptions and a tidal 
 
 wave. Disturbances for thousands of miles. 
 
 1883 Great floods in Europe. 
 
 1 884 Destructive series of tornadoes in Southern States, U.S.A. 
 
 1886 Earthquake at Charleston, S. C. Shocks were felt over 
 an area of 900,000 square miles. 
 
 1887 Overflow of Yellow River. Millions said to have perished. 
 
 1888 March. Blizzard on eastern coast of United States. 
 
 1889 Disastrous flood at Johnstown, Penna. 
 
 1889 & 90 Several tornadoes and destructive floods in U. S. A. 
 
 1891 Great blizzard and disastrous floods in Europe. 
 
 1893 Destructive tornadoes in Southern States, U. S. A. 
 
 1900 Galveston, Texas, devastated by a storm. 
 
 1902 Volcanic eruptions in the West Indies. St. Pierre and 
 
 people destroyed. Ocean bed sunk to a great depth. 
 
36 
 
37 
 
 FAMOUS 
 CHARACTERS 
 
 ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED 
 
 The following list contains not only all the names on the preceding charts, but also 
 the names of many other history makers of the world. 
 
 This is far from being a complete list of noted persons, (there are ten times as many 
 names in Chamber's Biographical Dictionary) but there will be found here the characters 
 most frequently sought for. These can be more readily found in this selected list 
 than in a cyclopedia where there are many similar names. 
 
 As a general rule: a date, dash, and another date, follow the name. The date before 
 the " - " is the date of birth, and the date after the " - " is the date of death. All 
 dates are A. D. unless stated as B. C. 
 
 The uncertainty of some dates is indicated by " about " or " ? ". The reader should 
 not infer from this that he can implicitly rely on the accuracy of all the other dates. 
 But little dependence can be placed on dates prior to about 700 b. c, and still less on 
 those before about 1300 b. c. As an example of the confusion existing in recorded dates : 
 Solomon is given iu this list as 1033-975 b. c. King 1015. Modem works give his 
 reign as 993-953 B. c , a discrepancy of 22 years. Though the latter dates may be 
 more reliable, the former are used so as to have more relative correctness with the other 
 characters of the same period. 
 
 Some of the discrepancies that may appear between the charts and the printed dates 
 are due to the data being taken from different sources. 
 
38 
 
 FAMOUS CHABACTEKS IN HISTORY 
 
 AARON 
 
 A. BECKET, Thomas 
 
 ABELARD. Plarra 
 
 ABERNETHY, John 
 
 ABRAHAM 
 
 ABSALOM 
 
 ADAMS. John 
 
 ADDISON, Joseph 
 
 iESCHYLUS 
 
 iESOP 
 
 AGASSIZ, Louis 
 
 AGRICOU, C. Julius 
 
 AHAB 
 
 AURIC 
 
 ALBUQUERQUE 
 
 ALCIBIADES 
 
 ALEXANDER THE GREAT 
 
 ALEXANDER VI. 
 
 ALEXANDER I. 
 
 ALEXANDER II. 
 
 ALEXANDER III. 
 
 ALEXIS 
 
 ALFONSO X. (the Wise) 
 
 ALFRED THE GREAT 
 
 ALI 
 
 ALISON, Archibald 
 
 ALVA, Duke of 
 
 AMBROSE, Saint 
 
 ANAXAGORAS 
 
 ANGELICO, Fra 
 
 ANGELO 
 
 ANNE 
 
 ANNE BOLEYN 
 
 ANSELM, Saint 
 
 ANTHONY, Saint 
 
 ANTIGONUS 
 
 ANTIOCHUS THE GREAT 
 
 ATONINUS PIUS 
 
 ANTONY, Mark 
 
 APELLES 
 
 1574-1451 B.C. High priest of the Jews 
 
 See Becket 
 
 1079-1142 French theologian 
 
 1764-1831 English surgeon 
 1996-1822 B.C. Father of the Hebrews 
 11th cent. B.C. Son of David 
 
 1735-1826 Piesidentofthe United States, 1797 
 
 1672-1719 English author 
 
 52&-456B.C. Greek tragic writer 
 
 620-564B.C. Greek fabulist 
 
 1807-1873 Swiss- American. Naturalist 
 
 37-93 Soman general in Britain 
 
 King of Israel, about 875 B.C. 
 
 -410 King of the Visigoths 
 
 1453-1515 Portugal. Viceroy of the Indies 
 
 450-404 B.C. Athenian general 
 
 356-323 B.C. Macedonian conqueror, 336 B.C. 
 
 1431-1503 Pope, 1492 
 
 1777-1825 Czar of Russia, 1801 
 
 1818-1881 Czar of Russia, 1855 
 
 1845-1894 Czar of Russia, 1881 
 
 1629-1676 Czar of Russia, 1645 
 
 1221-1284 King of CastUe and Leon, 1252 
 
 849-901 King of England, 871 
 
 -661 Arabian. Caliph, 656 
 
 1757-1839 Scotch. Historian 
 
 1508-1583 Spanish. Governor of the Nether- 
 
 [lands, 1567 
 340-397 Bishop of Milan 
 
 500^28 B.C. Ionic philosopher 
 
 1387-1455 Tuscan. Friar painter 
 
 See Michael Angelo 
 
 1664^1714 Queen of England, 1702 
 
 See Boleyn 
 
 1033-1109 Archbishop of Canterbury 
 
 251-356 Egyptian. Father of Monachlsm 
 
 382-301 B.C. King in Asia 
 
 242-187 B.C. King of Syria, 223 B.C. 
 
 86-161 Roman emperor, 138 
 
 83-30 B.C. Roman triumvir 
 
 [B.C. 
 
 Ephesus. Celebrated painter, 325 
 
 AQUINAS. St. Thomas 
 ARAGO, D. Francois 
 ARCHIMEDES 
 ARIOSTO. Ludovico 
 
 1225-1274 
 1786-1853 
 287-212 B.C. 
 1474-1533 
 
 ARISTARCHUS OF SAMOS 
 
 ARISTIOES THE JUST -468B.C. 
 
 ARISTOTLE 384-322 B.C. 
 
 ARIUS 260-336 
 ARKWRIGHT. Sir Richard 1732-1792 
 
 ARMINIUS-HERMANN 16b.c.-19a.d. 
 
 ARMOUR. Philip D. 1832-1901 
 
 ARNOLD. Thomas 1795-1842 
 
 ARNOLD OF WINKELRIED -1386 
 ARTAXERXES I. 
 
 ARTHUR, "King" -520 
 
 ASPASIA About 400 B.C. 
 
 ASTOR. John Jacob 176^1848 
 
 ATHANASIUS 300-373 
 
 _^ATTILA 406-453 
 
 AUDUBON. John James 1780-1851 
 
 AUGUSTINE, Saint 354-430 
 
 AUGUSTUS (OCTAVIUS) 63b.c.-14a.d. 
 
 AURELIAN 212-275 
 
 AURELIUS, Marcus 121-180 
 
 Italian theologian 
 
 French physicist 
 
 Syracusan mathematician 
 
 Italian poet 
 
 Alexandrian astronomer. 280 B.C. 
 
 Athenian statesman 
 
 Greek philosopher 
 
 Egyptian. Founder of Ariauism 
 
 English. Inventor 
 
 [9a.d. 
 
 German, Vanquished the Romans, 
 
 American. Meat packing industry 
 
 English. Head Master of Rugby 
 
 Swiss patriot 
 
 King of Persia, 465-425 B.C. 
 
 British chieftain 
 
 Greek. Renowned for her talents 
 
 German-American. Merchant 
 
 Patriarch of Alexandria 
 
 King of the Huns 
 
 American naturalist 
 
 Latin father of the Church 
 
 Master of the Roman world, 31 B.C. 
 
 Roman emperor, 270 
 
 Roman emperor, 161 
 
39 
 
 BABBAGE, Charles 1792-1871 
 
 BACH, J. Sebastian 1685-1750 
 
 BACON, Sir Francis 1561-1626 
 
 BACON, Roger 12U-1294 
 
 BAJAZET I. 1347-1403 
 
 BALBOA 1475-1517 
 
 BALIOL, Edward -1363 
 
 BANCROFT, George 1800-1891 
 
 BARNUM, P. T. 1810-1891 
 BASIL ^the Great) 329-379 
 
 BAYARD, Chevalier de 1475-1524 
 
 BEACONSFIELD, Eari of 1804-1881 
 
 BECKET, Thomas 1117-1170 
 BEDE, The Venerable 672-735 
 
 BEECHER, Henry Ward 1813-1887 
 
 BEETHOVEN, Uldwig van 1770-1827 
 BELISARIUS 505-565 
 
 BELL, A. G. 1847- 
 
 BELLINI, VInctnzo 1802-1835 
 BELSHAZZAR -538 b.c. 
 
 BENEDICT, Saint 480-543 
 
 BENNETT, Jas. G. 1795-1872 
 
 BENTHAM, Jeremy 1748-1832 
 
 BENTON, Ttiomas H. 1782-1858 
 
 BERANG ER, Pierre J. di 1780-1857 
 
 BERKELEY, George 1684-1753 
 
 BERNARD, Saint 1091-1153 
 
 BESSEMER, Sir Henry 1813-1898 
 
 81 DOLE, Nicholas 1786-1844 
 
 BISMARCK, Prince von 1815-1898 
 
 BLACKSTONE, Sir William 1723-1780 
 
 BLAINE, James G. 1830-1893 
 
 BLUCHER, Von 1742-1819 
 
 BOCCACCIO, Giovanni 1313-1375 
 
 BOLEYN, Anne 1507-1536 
 BOLINGBROKE, H. SL John 1678-1751 
 
 BOLIVAR, Simon 1783-1830 
 BONAPARTE, Louis Napoleon 1808-1873 
 
 BONAPARTE, Napoleon 1768-1821 
 
 BONHEUR, Rosa 182^1899 
 
 FAMOUS CHAKACTEES IN HISTOKY 
 
 Englisti mathematician and inventor 
 
 German musician 
 
 Englisti philosopher, etc. 
 
 English monii and philosopher 
 
 Turkish sultan, 1389 
 
 Spanish adventurer 
 
 King of Scotland, 1332 
 
 American historian 
 
 American showman 
 
 Greek father of the Church 
 
 French soldier 
 
 English. Statesman and novelist 
 
 English. Archbishop of Canter- 
 Lb ury 
 Saxon historian 
 
 American clergyman 
 
 German composer 
 
 Byzafltine general 
 
 Scotch. Telephone in U. S. 
 
 Italian composer 
 
 Last king of Babylonia 
 
 [achlsm 
 Italian. Founder of Western Mon- 
 
 Scotch. Founder of N. T. Herald 
 
 English jurist 
 
 American statesman 
 
 French song writer 
 
 Irish philosopher 
 
 French ecclesiastic 
 
 English inventor 
 
 American financier 
 
 Prussian statesman 
 
 English jurist 
 
 American statesman 
 
 Prussian general 
 
 Italian author 
 
 Second wife of Henry VIIL 
 
 English statesman 
 
 Liberator of South America 
 
 Emperor of the French, 1852 
 
 French. General. Emperor, 1804 
 
 French. Animal paint«r 
 
 BONIFACE VIII. 
 
 -1303 
 
 BONIFACE, Saint 
 
 680-755 
 
 BOONE, Daniel 
 
 1735-1820 
 
 BOSSUET, Jacques & 
 
 1627-1704 
 
 BOZZARIS, Marcos 
 
 1790-1823 
 
 BRAHE, Tycho 
 
 1546-1601 
 
 BRENNUS 
 
 
 BRIGHT, John 
 
 1811-1889 
 
 BRONTE, Charlotte 
 
 1816-1855 
 
 BROUGHAM, Lord 
 
 1778-1868 
 
 BROWN, John 
 
 1800-1859 
 
 BROWNING, Elizabeth B. 
 
 1806-1861 
 
 BROWNING, Robert 
 
 1812-1889 
 
 BRUCE, Robert 
 
 1274-1329 
 
 BRUNEL, Sir Marc 
 
 1769-1849 
 
 BRUTUS, Lucius J. 
 
 
 BRUTUS, Marcus J. 
 
 85-42 B.C. 
 
 BRYANT, William C. 
 
 1794-1878 
 
 BUCKINGHAM, Dul(e of 
 
 1592-1628 
 
 BUDDHA 
 
 6th cent, s.c 
 
 BUFFON, Comte de 
 
 1707-1788 
 
 BUNYAN, John 
 
 1628-1688 
 
 BURKE, Edmund 
 
 1729-1797 
 
 BURLEIGH, LonI 
 
 1520-1598 
 
 BURNS, Robert 
 
 1759-1796 
 
 BURRITT, Elihu 
 
 1811-1879 
 
 BURTON, Sir Richard F. 
 
 1821-1890 
 
 BYRON, George 6. 
 
 1788-1824 
 
 Pope, 1294 
 
 "Apostle of Germany" 
 
 American pioneer in Kentucky 
 
 French prelate 
 
 Greek revolutionary leader 
 
 Swede. Astronomer 
 
 Leader of the Gauls against Borne 
 [about 383 B.a. 
 English statesman 
 
 English novelist 
 
 Scotch. Law reformer, etc. 
 
 American abolitionist and leader 
 
 English poetess 
 
 English poet 
 
 King of Scotland, 1306 
 
 French. English engineer 
 
 Reputed leader of the Bomans 
 against Tarquin about 515 b.c. 
 
 Eoman. One of Ceesar's assassins 
 
 American. Poet and journalist 
 
 English. Virtual ruler 
 
 India. Founder of Buddhism 
 
 French naturalist 
 
 English author 
 
 Irish. English statesman 
 
 English statesman 
 
 Scottish poet 
 
 American. Learned blacksmith 
 
 English. Explorer and wriiur 
 
 English poet 
 
40 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 CABOT, John 
 CABOT, Sebastian 
 CADE, Jack 
 CiESAR, Julius 
 CALHOUN, John C. 
 CALIGUU 
 CALVIN, John 
 CAMBYSES 
 CAMILLUS, M. F. 
 CANNING. George 
 CANOVA, Antonio 
 CANUTE 
 
 CARLYLE, Thot. 
 CARNEGIE. Andrew 
 CARNOT, N. M. 
 CARSON, -Kit" 
 CARTWRIGHT, Edmuml 
 CASSIUS, Calus 
 CATHARINE II. 
 CATHARINE OE* MEDICI 
 CATHARINE OF ARAGON 
 CATILINE 
 CATO, (.the elder) 
 CATO, (the younger) 
 CAVENDISH. Henry 
 CAVOUR, Count 
 CAXTON, William 
 CECIL, William 
 CERVANTES 
 CHANNING, Wm. E. 
 CHARLEMAGNE 
 CHARLES I. 
 CHARLES II. 
 CHARLES THE BALD 
 CHARLES VII. 
 CHARLES V. 
 CHARLES XII. 
 CHARLES THE BOLD 
 CHARLES MARTEL 
 CHASE, Salmon P. 
 CHATHAM, Eari oi 
 
 ) Discovered tiie main- 
 
 f Venetians, land of America for tlie 
 1476-1557 3 Englisii, 1497 
 
 -1460 Irish. Englisii insurgent 
 
 100-44 B.C. Roman conqueror, historian, etc. 
 
 1782-1850 American statesman 
 
 12-41 Roman emperor, 37 
 
 1509-1564 French. Protestant reformer 
 
 -522b. c. Kingof Medesand Persians, 529b.c. 
 
 446-365 B.C. Roman. Hero 
 
 1770-1827 English statesman 
 
 1757-1822 Italian sculptor 
 
 994-1035 King of Denmark, Norway, and 
 
 [England, 1016 
 1795-1881 Scotch. Author 
 
 1835- Scotch. Am. steel manufacturer 
 
 1753-1823 French strategist and revolutionist 
 
 1809-1868 American guide 
 
 [loom. 
 
 1743-1823 English. Inventor of the power 
 
 -42 B.C. Roman. Conspirator against Ceesar 
 
 172&-1796 Empress of Russia, 1762 
 
 1519-1589 Queen of France, 1532 
 
 1485-1536 First wife of Henry VIH. 
 
 108-62 B.C. Roman conspirator 
 
 234-149 B.C. Roman statesman 
 
 95-46 B.C. Roman statesman 
 
 1731-1810 English. Natural philosopher 
 
 1810-1861 Restorer of Italian nationality 
 
 1422-1491 First English printer 
 
 English. See Lord Burleigh 
 
 1547-1616 Spanish author 
 
 [ism. 
 1780-1842 American Clergyman. Abolition- 
 
 742-814 King of the Franks, 768. Emperor 
 
 [800 
 1600-1649 King of England and Scotland, 1625 
 
 1630-1685 King of England and Scotland, 1660 
 
 823-877 King of the western Franks, 840 
 
 1403-1461 King of France, 1422 
 
 1500-1558 Emperor of Germany, 1520 
 
 1682-1718 King of Sweden, 1697 
 
 1433-1477 Duke of Burgundy 
 
 690-741 Ruler of the Franks 
 
 1806-1873 American. Statesman, etc. 
 See WUliam Pitt 
 
 CHAUCER, Geoffrey 1340-1400 
 
 CHESTERFIELD. Earl of 1694-1773 
 CHEVALIER, Michel 1806-1879 
 
 CHOPIN, Frederic 1809-1849 
 
 CHING WANG 
 CHRIST 
 CHOW DYNASTY 
 CHRYSOSTOM, Saint 
 CICERO, Marcus T. 
 
 CID, The 
 
 CINCINNATUS 
 
 CUY, Henry 
 
 CLEISTHENES 
 
 CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA 
 
 4B.C.-29A.D. 
 
 1123 B.C. 
 
 347-407 
 106-43 B.C. 
 
 1040-1099 
 5th cent. B.C. 
 
 1777-1852 
 
 -215 
 
 CLEOPATRA 69-30 B.C. 
 
 CLEVELAND, Grover 1837- 
 
 CLINTON, Oe Witt 1769-1828 
 
 CLINTON, George 1739-1812 
 
 CLIVE, Lord 1725-1774 
 CLOVIS -511 
 
 COBDEN, Richard 1804-1865 
 
 COKE, Sir EdwartI 1552-1633 
 
 COLBERT 1619-1683 
 
 COLBURN, Zerah 1804-1840 
 
 COLERIDGE, Samuel T. 1772-1834 
 
 COLIGNI 1517-1572 
 
 COLUMBUS, Christopher 1447-1506 
 
 COMTE, Auguste 1798-1857 
 
 COND^ 1621-1686 
 CONFUCIUS ; A.bout500B.c. 
 CONRAD I. -918 
 
 CONSTANTINE THE GREAT 274^37 
 
 COOK, James 
 COOPER, James F. 
 COOPER, Peter 
 COPERNICUS 
 CORDAY, Charlotte 
 CORIOLANUS 
 CORNELIA 
 CORREGGIO 
 
 1728-1779 
 1789-1851 
 1791-1883 
 1473-1543 
 1768-1793 
 
 About 200B.O. 
 1494-1534 
 
 English poet 
 
 English statesman, etc. 
 
 French economist 
 
 Polish. Composer 
 
 Emperor, 246 B.C. He expelled the 
 [Mongols, etc. 
 
 Patriarch of Constantinople. 
 
 Roman orator 
 
 Spanish liero 
 
 Roman dictator 
 
 American statesman 
 
 Athenian statesman, about 510 b. p. 
 
 Greek father of the Church 
 
 Queen of Egypt 
 
 American. President of U. S., 1885 
 
 Governor of New York 
 
 American. Statesman 
 
 English general in India 
 
 King of the Franks, 481 
 
 English statesman. Free trade 
 
 English jurist 
 
 French. Minister of Louis XIV. 
 
 American arithmetical prodigy 
 
 English poet 
 
 French Admiral. Huguenot leader 
 
 Italian. Discoverer of America for 
 
 [Spain 
 French philosopher 
 
 French general 
 
 Chinese philosopher 
 
 King of Germany, 911 
 
 Roman emperor, 323 
 
 English navigator 
 
 American novelist 
 
 American philanthropist 
 
 Pole. Astronomer 
 
 French. Assassin of Marat 
 
 Hero of Roman legend, 500 B.C. 
 
 Roman matron 
 
 Italian painter 
 
41 
 
 CORTES, Hernando 
 CRABBE. George 
 CRANMER. Thomas 
 CRASSUS. Marcus L. 
 CRICHTON, James 
 CRISPIN. Saint 
 C»(£SUS 
 
 CROMWELL. Oliver 
 CUVIER 
 CYAXARES 
 CYPRIAN, Saint 
 CYRUS THE GREAT 
 CYRUS 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 465 B.C.- 
 
 DAGUERRE, Louis J. M. 
 
 DALTON. John 
 
 DANIEL 
 
 DANTE 
 
 DARIUS I. (Hystasplt) 
 
 DARWIN, Charles R. 
 
 DAVID 
 
 DAVIS, Jefferson 
 
 DAVY, Sir Humphrey 
 
 DEFOE, Daniel 
 
 DE LESSEPS 
 
 1485-1547 Spanish. Conqueror of Mexico 
 
 1754-1832 English poet 
 
 1489-1556 English reformer 
 
 114-53 B.C. Roman triumvir 
 
 15G0-1586 Scotch genius. " The admirable 
 
 -287 Roman. Shoemalier 
 
 King of Lydia, 560 bo. 
 
 1599-1658 English. Puritan. Protector 
 
 1769-1832 French naturalist 
 
 -584 B.C. King of Media 
 
 200-258 Bishop of Carthage 
 
 -529 B.C. King of Persia, 550 B.C. 
 
 424-401 B.C. Persian general 
 
 DEMOCRITUS 
 DEMOSTHENES 
 DEMOSTHENES 
 DE QUINCEY, Thos. 
 DERBY, Earl of 
 DE RUYTER 
 DESCARTES, Htni 
 DE SOTO, Hernando 
 DE STAEL 
 DICKENS, Charles 
 DIOCLETIAN 
 DIODORUS SICULUS 
 DIOGENES 
 DIONYSIUS, (the Elder) 
 
 -413B.O. 
 384-322 B.C. 
 1785-1859 
 1799-1869 
 
 1596-1650 
 1496-1542 
 
 1812-1870 
 
 245-313 
 Ist cent. B.C. 
 
 412-323 B.C. 
 
 431-367 B.C. 
 
 End of 
 
 DIONYSIUS of Hallcarnassus 1st cent. b.c. 
 
 DISRAELI, Benjamin 
 DOMITIAN 
 DORE, Gustavo 
 DOUGLAS, Sir James 
 DOUGLAS, Stephen A. 
 DOUGLASS, Fred 
 DRACO 
 
 DRAKE, Sir Francis 
 DREW, Daniel 
 DRUSUS, Nero Claudius 
 DRYDEN, John 
 DUNSTAN, Saint 
 DURER, Albrecht, 
 
 51-96 
 1833-1883 
 1286-1331 
 1813-1861 
 
 1817-1895 
 
 1540-1595 
 1788-1879 
 39-9 B.C. 
 1631-1700 
 925-988 
 1471-1528 
 
 Oreek. Philosopher 
 
 Athenian general 
 
 Athenian orator 
 
 English. Writer 
 
 English. Premier, 1852 
 
 See Ruyter 
 
 French. Modern philosophy 
 
 Spanish. Discoverer of the Mis- 
 [sissippi 
 See Stael, Mme. De 
 
 English novelist 
 
 Roman emperor, 284 
 
 Greek historian 
 
 Greek philosopher 
 
 Tyrant of Syracuse, 405 b.o. 
 
 Greek historian 
 
 See Beacon afield 
 
 Roman emperor, 81 
 
 French artist 
 
 Scotch. Great captain of Bruce 
 
 American politician 
 
 Slave. American orator 
 
 Athenian legislator, 624 b.c. 
 
 English naval commander 
 
 American. Capitalist 
 
 Roman general 
 
 English poet 
 
 English. Archbishop of Canterbury 
 
 German engraver, etc. 
 
 1789-1851 French. Inventor of photography 
 
 1766-1844 English chemist 
 
 Hebrew. Prophecies 603-536 B.C. 
 1265-1321 .Florentine poet 
 
 -486 B.c, King of Persia, 521 B.C. 
 1809-1882 English naturalist 
 
 -1015B.C. King of Israel, 1055 b.c. 
 
 1808-1889 American. President of the Confed- 
 
 [erate States 
 1778-1829 English chemist 
 
 1660-1731 English author 
 
 See Lesseps 
 
42 
 
 FAMOUS CHABACTEBS IN HISTORY 
 
 EDISON. Thomas Alva 
 EDMUND II. 
 EDWARD, (the Elder) 
 
 1847- 
 989-1016 
 870-925 
 
 EDWARD THE CONFESSOR 1004-1066 
 
 EDWARD I. 1239-1307 
 
 EDWARD II. 1284-1327 
 
 EDWARD III. 1312-1377 
 
 EDWARD IV. 1441-1483 
 
 EDWARD, the Black Prince 1330-1376 
 
 EDWARDS. Jonathan 1703-1758 
 EGBERT -837 
 
 ELI -1116 B.C. 
 
 ELIJAH 
 
 ELISHA -838 B.C. 
 
 ELIZABETH 1533-1603 
 
 EMANUEL 1469-1521 
 
 EMERSON. Ralph Waldo 1803-1882 
 
 EMMET. Robert 
 
 1780-1803 
 
 EPAMINONDAS 
 
 418-362 B.C. 
 
 EPICTETUS 
 
 Ist cent. 
 
 EPICURUS 
 
 342-270 B.C. 
 
 ERASMUS. Deslderius 
 
 1467-1536 
 
 ERICSSON. John 
 
 1803-1889 
 
 ERIGENA. John Scotus 
 
 9th cent. 
 
 ERSKINE. Thos. (Lord) 
 
 1750-1823 
 
 ESSEX. Eari of 
 
 1567-1601 
 
 ETH ELBERT 
 
 -616 
 
 EUCLID 
 
 
 EURIPIDES 
 
 480-406 B.C. 
 
 EVANS. Marian 
 
 "George Eliot' 
 
 EVERETT, Edward 
 
 1820-1880 
 1794-1865 
 
 EZEKIEL 
 
 600b.c.~ 
 
 EZRA 
 
 5th cent. B.C. 
 
 American Inventor 
 
 King of England, 1016 
 
 King of England, 901 
 
 King of England, 1042 
 
 King of England, 1272 
 
 King of England. 1307 
 
 King of England, 1327 
 
 King of England, 1461 
 
 English. Prince of Wales 
 
 American theologian 
 
 King of England, 829 
 
 Judge of Israel, 1157-1117 B.C. 
 
 Hebrew prophet, 907 B.C. 
 
 Hebrew prophet 
 
 Queon of England, 1558 
 
 King of Portugal, 1495 
 
 American philosophical writer 
 
 Irish revolutionist 
 
 Thebau general 
 
 Phrj-gia. Stoic philosopher 
 
 Greek philosopher 
 
 Dutch scholar 
 
 Swedish-American. Engineer 
 
 Irish. Philosopher 
 
 Scotch. English advocate, etc. 
 
 English general 
 
 King of Kent, 565 
 
 Greek geometer, 300 B.C. 
 
 Greek poet 
 
 English noveliat 
 
 American statesman and orator 
 
 Hebrew prophet 
 
 Hebrew priest, ruler, etc. 
 
 FABIUS. Maximus V. 
 
 FARADAY. Michael 
 
 FARRAGUT, David G. 
 
 FAWKES. Guy 
 
 FERDINAND I. 
 
 FER3INAND V. 
 
 FERRY, Jules 
 
 FIELD, Cyrus W. 
 
 FIELD. David D. 
 
 FIELD. Marshall 
 
 FIELDING. Henry 
 
 FOUCAULT. Leon 
 
 FOURIER. Charies 
 
 FOX. Charies James 
 
 FOX. George 
 
 FRANCIS I. 
 
 FRANCIS JOSEPH 
 
 FRANCIS OF ASSISI, (Saint) 1182-1226 
 
 FRANCIS XAVIER 
 
 FRANKLIN. Benjamin 1706-1790 
 
 FRANKLIN, Sir John 1786-1847 
 
 FREDERICK l.-(Barbarossa) 1121-1190 
 
 FREDERICK II. 1194^1250 
 
 FREDERICK IV. or III. 1415-1493 
 
 FREDERICK THE GREAT 1712-1786 
 
 FREDERICK WILLIAM 1620-1688 
 
 FREDERICK WILLIAM I. 
 
 FROBISHER, Sir Martin 
 
 FROEBEL, Friedrich 
 
 FROISSART. Jean 
 
 FULTON, Robert 
 
 -203 B.C. Roman general 
 1791-1867 English physicist 
 
 American admiral 
 English conspirator 
 King of Castile, 1033, & Leon, 1037 
 King of Spain 
 French statesman 
 American. .Atlantic Ocean cable 
 American. Jurist 
 American. Merchant 
 English novelist 
 Frencli physicist 
 French. Socialist 
 English statesman 
 
 1801-1870 
 1570-1606 
 -1065 
 1452-1516 
 1832-1893 
 1819-1892 
 1805-1894 
 1835- 
 1707-1754 
 1819-1868 
 1772-1837 
 1749-1806 
 1624-1690 
 1494-1547 
 1830- 
 
 1688-1740 
 
 -1594 
 
 1782-1852 
 
 [Quakers" 
 English. Founder of "Friends and 
 
 King of France, 1515 
 
 Emperor of Austria, 1848 
 
 Founder of the order of Franciscans 
 
 See Xavier 
 
 American philosopher 
 
 English Arctic explorer 
 
 Emperor of Germany, 1152 
 
 Emperor of Germany, 1215 
 
 Emperor of Germany, 1440 
 
 King of Prussia, 1740 
 
 Elector of Brandenburg, 1640 
 
 King of Prussia, 1713 
 
 English navigator 
 
 German. Originator of the Kinder- 
 [garten 
 1337-1410(1419) French chronicler 
 
 1765-1815 
 
 American engineer 
 
43 
 
 GALEN 
 
 130-200 
 
 Greek medical writer 
 
 GALILEO 
 
 1564-1642 
 
 Italian astronomer 
 
 [man 
 
 GALLATIN, Albert 
 
 1761-1849 
 
 Swiss-Am. Financier and states- 
 
 GAMA. Vasco da 
 
 -1524 
 
 Portuguese navigator 
 
 GARIBALDI. Giuseppe 
 
 1807-1882 
 
 Italian patriot 
 
 GARRICK. David 
 
 1716-1779 
 
 English actor 
 
 GARRISON, William Lloyd 
 
 1805-1879 
 
 American abolitionist 
 
 GATES. John W. 
 
 1855- 
 
 American. Speculator 
 
 GENEVlkvE 
 
 422-512 
 
 Patron saint of Paris 
 
 GENGHIS KHAN 
 
 -1227 
 
 Mongol conqueror 
 
 GENSERIC 
 
 -477 
 
 King of Vandals 
 
 GEORGE III. 
 
 1738-1820 
 
 King of England, 1760 
 
 GERMANICUS C>ESAR 
 
 15B.O.-19A.D. 
 
 Roman general 
 
 GIBBON, Edward 
 
 1737-1794 
 
 English historian 
 
 GIDEON 
 
 
 Judge in Israel, 1249-1209 B.C. 
 
 GIOTTO 
 
 1276-1337 
 
 Florentine painter 
 
 GIRARD. Stephen 
 
 1750-1831 
 
 French-American philanthropist 
 
 GIRARDIN, EmIle de 
 
 1804-1881 
 
 Swiss-French journalist 
 
 GLADSTONE, William E. 
 
 1809-1898 
 
 English statesman and orator 
 
 GLUCK. C. W. 
 
 1714-1787 
 
 German composer 
 
 GODFREY OF BOUILLON 
 
 1061-1100 
 
 [crusade 
 Belgium. A leader in the first 
 
 GODWIN, Mary W. 
 
 1759-1797 
 
 English. Women's Eights 
 
 GOETHE 
 
 1749-1832 
 
 German poet 
 
 GOLDSMITH, Oliver 
 
 1728-1774 
 
 Irish. Author 
 
 GORDON, Chas. George 
 
 1833-1885 
 
 English. General and governor 
 
 GORTSCHAKOFF. Alexander 1798-1883 
 
 Chancellor of the Russian Empire 
 
 GOULD, Jay 
 
 1836-1892 
 
 American. Railroad manipulator 
 
 GRACCHUS, Calus 
 
 -121 B.C. 
 
 Roman tribune 
 
 GRACCHUS, Tiberius 
 
 -133 B.C. 
 
 Roman tribune 
 
 GRANT, Ulysses S. 
 
 1822-1885 
 
 Pres't of the U. S., 1869 
 
 GRAY, Thomas 
 
 1716-1771 
 
 English poet 
 
 GREELEY, Horace 
 
 1811-1872 
 
 American journalist 
 
 GREGORY 1.— (The Great) 
 
 -604 
 
 Pope, 590 
 
 GREGORY VII.-(Hlldebrand) -1085 
 
 Pope, 1073 
 
 GREY, Lady Jane 
 
 1537-1554 
 
 Proclaimed queen of England, 1553 
 
 GRIMM, Jacob 
 
 1785-1863 
 
 German. Philologist 
 
 GROTE, George 
 
 1794-1871 
 
 English historian 
 
 GROTIUS, Hugo 
 
 1583-1645 
 
 Dutch. Jurist, etc. 
 
 GUIDO RENI 
 
 1575-1642 
 
 Italian painter 
 
 GUISE, Charles de L. 
 
 1525-1574 
 
 French statesman 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 GUISE, Claude de L., OuKe 1496-1550 
 
 GUIZOT 
 
 GUSTAVUS VASA 
 GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS 
 GUTENBERG, Johann 
 GUY FAWKES 
 
 1787-1874 
 1496-1560 
 1594-1632 
 1397-1468 
 
 French general 
 
 French statesman and historian 
 
 King of Sweden, 1523 
 
 King of Sweden, 1611 
 
 German. Reputed inventor of 
 
 [printing 
 See Fawkes 
 
 HADRIAN 
 
 HALE, Sir Matthew 
 
 HAMILCAR BARCA 
 
 HAMILTON, Alexander 
 
 HAN DYNASTY 
 
 HANCOCK, John 
 
 HANDEL 
 
 HANNA, Marcus A. 
 
 HANNIBAL 
 
 HANNO^the Great) 
 
 HAROLD II. 
 
 HAROUN AL-RASCHIO 
 
 HARVEY, William 
 
 HASDRUBAL 
 
 HASTINGS, Warren 
 
 HATASU 
 
 HAWKINS, Sir John 
 
 HAWTHORNE. Nathaniel 
 
 HAYDN, Joseph 
 
 HEGEL. G. W. F. 
 
 HEINE, Helnrich 
 
 HENRY I. 
 
 HENRY II. 
 
 HENRY IV. 
 
 HENRY V. 
 
 76-138 
 1609-1676 
 
 -229 B.C. 
 1757-1804 
 206 B.c- 
 1737-1793 
 1685-1759 
 1837- 
 
 247-183 B.C. 
 3d cent. B.C. 
 -1066 
 -809 
 1578-1657 
 
 -207 B.C. 
 1732-1818 
 17th cent. B.C. 
 1532-1595 
 1804-1864 
 1732-1809 
 1770-1831 
 1799-1856 
 1068-1135 
 1133-1189 
 1366-1413 
 1388-1422 
 
 Roman emperor, 117 
 
 English jurist 
 
 Carthaginian general 
 
 American statesman 
 
 Brilliant period of Chinese history 
 
 American statesman 
 
 German composer 
 
 American. Mining and politK's 
 
 Carthaginian general 
 
 Carthaginian general 
 
 Last Anglo-Saxon king of England, 
 
 fl066 
 Caliph of Bagdad, 786 
 
 English physiologist 
 
 Carthaginian general 
 
 Governor-general of India, 1774 
 
 Egyptian queen 
 
 English naval commander 
 
 American novelist 
 
 Austrian composer 
 
 German philosopher 
 
 German. Poet and revolutionist 
 
 King of England, 1100 
 
 King of England, 1164 
 
 King of England, 1399 
 
 King of England, 1413 
 
44 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 HENRY VII. 
 
 1456-1509 
 
 HENRY VIII. 
 
 1491-1547 
 
 HENRY OF NAVARRE 
 
 1553-1610 
 
 HENRY 1. 
 
 -936 
 
 HENRY IV. 
 
 1050-1106 
 
 HENRY THE NAVIGATOR 
 
 1394-1460 
 
 HENRY. Joseph 
 
 1797-1878 
 
 HENRY. Patrick 
 
 1736-1799 
 
 HERACLIUS 
 
 -641 
 
 HERO 
 
 3d cent. B.O. 
 
 HEROD THE GREAT 
 
 -4 B.C. 
 
 HEROD AGRIPPA 1. 
 
 -44 
 
 HERODOTUS 484b.c.- 
 
 HERSCHEL, Sir Wllllim 
 
 1738-1822 
 
 HILDEBRAND 
 
 
 HILL, James J. 
 
 1838- 
 
 HIPPARCHUS 
 
 2(1 cent. B.C. 
 
 HIPPOCRATES 
 
 460-360 B.C. 
 
 HIRAM 
 
 
 HOBBES, Thos. 
 
 1588-1679 
 
 HOGARTH. William 
 
 1697-1764 
 
 HOLMES, Oliver Wendell 
 
 1809-1894 
 
 HOMER 9thorlOoent.B.c. 
 
 HOOD, Thoma* 
 
 1798-1845 
 
 HOOK, T. E. 
 
 1788-1841 
 
 HOOKER, Richard 
 
 1553-1600 
 
 HORACE 
 
 65-8 B.C. 
 
 HORTENSIUS, Quintus 
 
 114-50 B.C. 
 
 HOSEA 
 
 8th cent. B.C. 
 
 HOUDIN, Robert 
 
 1805-1871 
 
 HOUSTON, Sam 
 
 1793-1863 
 
 HOWARD, John 
 
 1726-1790 
 
 HUDSON, Henry 
 
 -1611 
 
 HUGH CAPET 
 
 —996 
 
 HUGHES, John 
 
 1797-1864 
 
 HUGO, Victor 
 
 1802-1885 
 
 HUMBOLDT 
 
 1769-1859 
 
 HUNTER, John 
 
 1728-1793 
 
 HUME, David 
 
 1711-1776 
 
 HUNTINGTON, Collis P. 1821-1900 
 
 King of England, 1485 
 
 King of England, 1509 
 
 King of France, 1589 
 
 King of Germany, 919 
 
 King of Germany, 1056 
 
 Son ol John I. of Portugal 
 
 American physicist 
 
 American. Patriot and orator 
 
 Byzantine emperor, 6i0 
 
 Alexandria. Mathematician 
 
 King of Judea, 40b.c. 
 
 King of Judea, 37 
 
 Greeli historian 
 
 English astronomer 
 
 See Gregory VII. 
 
 [and President 
 Canadian-American. R. R. builder 
 
 Bithynia. Greek astronomer 
 
 Greek physician 
 
 King of Tyre, about 1000 B.C. 
 
 English philosopher 
 
 English artist 
 
 American humorous writer 
 
 Greek poet 
 
 English poet 
 
 English author and wit 
 
 English divine 
 
 Latin poet 
 
 Roman orator 
 
 Hebrew prophet 
 
 French c<»njurer 
 
 American. Texan liberator 
 
 English. Prison reformer 
 
 English. Navigator 
 
 King of France, 987 
 
 Irish. Archbishop of New York 
 
 French poet and novelist 
 
 German traveler and scientist 
 
 Scotch. English surgeon 
 
 Scottish philosopher 
 
 [ipulator 
 American. R. It. builder and man- 
 
 , HUSS, John 
 HUTCHINSON, BenJ. P. 
 HUXLEY, Thos. H. 
 HUYGENS, Christian 
 HYPATIA 
 
 INNOCENT I. 
 
 INNOCENT III. 
 
 INNOCENT XI. 
 
 IRVING, Washington 
 
 ISAAC 
 
 ISABELLA 
 
 ISAIAH 
 
 IVAN THE GREAT 
 
 IVAN THE TERRIBLE 
 
 JACK CADE 
 JACKSON, Andrew 
 JACKSON, "Stonewall" 
 JACOB 
 
 JACQUARD, J. M. 
 JAMES I.— (Stuart) 
 JAMES IV. 
 JAMES VI. and I. 
 JAMES II. 
 
 JEFFERSON, Thomas 
 JEFFREYS, George 
 
 1369-1415 Bohemian religious refo:Tner 
 
 1829-1899 American. Grain speculator 
 
 1825-1895 English biologist 
 
 1629-1695 Dutch physicist 
 
 -415 Alexandria. Learned teacher 
 
 -417 
 
 -1216 
 1611-1689 
 1783-1859 
 1896-1715 B.C. 
 1451-1504 
 8th cent. b.c. 
 
 -1505 
 1531-1584 
 
 Bishop of Rome, 402 
 Pope, 1198 
 Pope, 1676 
 American author 
 Patriarch 
 
 Queen of Spain, 1479 
 Hebrew prophet 
 Ruler of Russia, 1462 
 Czar of Russia^ 
 
 See Cado 
 1767-1845 Pres't of the U. S., 1829 
 
 1824 18G3 American. Confederate general 
 
 1837-1689 B.C. Patriarch 
 1752-1834 French. Loom 
 
 1394-1437 King of Scotland, 1406 
 
 1472-1513 King of Scotland, 1488 
 
 1566-1625 King of Scotland and England, 1603 
 
 1633-1701 King of England and Scotland, 1685 
 
 1743-1826 Pres't of the U. S., 1801 
 
 1648-1689 English judge 
 
45 
 
 JENNER, Edward 
 
 JEREMIAH 
 
 JEROBOAM I. 
 
 JEROME, Saint 
 
 JOAN OF ARC ' 
 
 JOHN THE BAPTIST 
 
 JOHN (the Evangelist) 
 
 JOHN 
 
 JOHN THE GOOD 
 
 JOHN I. 
 
 JOHN OF GAUNT 
 
 JOHN ZIMISCES 
 
 JOHNSON, Dr. Samuel 
 
 JONAH 
 
 JONES, John Paul 
 
 JONSON, Ben. 
 
 JOSEPH 
 
 JOSEPHUS, Flavius 
 
 JOSHUA 
 
 JUDAS MACCAB/EUS 
 
 JUDSON, Adonlram 
 
 JUGURTHA 
 
 JULIAN 
 
 JUSTIN I. 
 
 JUSTIN MARTYR 
 
 JUSTINIAN I. 
 
 JUVENAL 
 
 FAMOUS CHAKACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 1749-1823 English. Originator of vaccination 
 Hebrew prophet, 600b. <\ 
 
 -953 B.C. Ist King of Israel, 975 B.C. 
 
 340-420 Latin father of the Church 
 
 1411-1431 French hei-olne 
 
 B.c.-A.D. Preached about 26a.d. 
 
 -100 Apostle 
 
 1166-1216 King of England, 1199 
 
 1319-1364 King of France, 1350 , 
 
 1357-1433 King of Portugal, 1385 
 
 1340-1399 English. Duke of Lancaster 
 
 See Zlmisces 
 
 1709-1784 English author. Dictionary 
 
 Hebrew prophet, 9th cent. B.C. 
 
 1747-1792 English. American naval ofilcer 
 
 1573-1637 English dramatist 
 
 1745-1635 B.C. Jewish patriarch 
 
 37-100 Jewish historian 
 
 1552-1442 B.C. Leader of Israelites 
 
 See Maccabnus 
 
 1788-1850 American missionary 
 
 -104 B.C. King of Kumldia 
 
 331-363 Roman emperor, 361 
 
 450-527 Byzantine emperor, 518 
 
 100-165 Samaria. Father of the Church 
 
 -565 Byzantine emperor, 527 
 
 let cent. Roman tragic satirist 
 
 KANT, Immanuel 
 
 1724^1804 
 
 KEAN, Edmund 
 
 1787-1833 
 
 KEENE, James R. 
 
 1838- 
 
 KELVIN. Lord 
 
 
 KEMBLE. Jolin Philip 
 
 1757-1823 
 
 KEMPIS, Thomas a' 
 
 
 KENT, James 
 
 1763-1847 
 
 KEPLER. Johann 
 
 1571-1630 
 
 KIDD, William 
 
 -1701 
 
 KNOX. John 
 
 1505-1572 
 
 KOCH, Robert 
 
 1843- 
 
 KOSCIUSKO 
 
 1746-1817 
 
 KOSSUTH, Loult 
 
 1802-1894 
 
 KRiJGER 
 
 1825-1904 
 
 KRUPP, Alfred 
 
 1810-1887 
 
 LA FARGE. John 
 UFAYETTE. Marquis de 
 UMARTINE. Alphonse de 
 LAMB, Charles 
 LANDOR, Walter S. 
 LANDSEER, Sir Edwin 
 UO-TSZE 
 UPLACE 
 UTIMER, Hugh 
 LAUD, William 
 LAVOISIER 
 LAW, John 
 LEE, Robt. Edward 
 LEIBNITZ, G. W. 
 LEICESTER. Earl of 
 LEONARDO DA VINCI 
 LEO THE GREAT 
 
 1885- 
 1757-1834 
 1790-1869 
 1775-1834 
 1775-1864 
 1802-1873 
 600B.O. 
 1749-1827 
 1490-1555 
 1573-1645 
 1743-1794 
 1671-1729 
 1807-1870 
 1646-1716 
 
 -461 
 
 German philosopher 
 
 English actor 
 
 English-American. Speculatbr.etc. 
 
 See Thomson ' 
 
 English actor 
 
 See Thomas a' K. 
 
 American jurist 
 
 German Astronomer 
 
 Scotch. Pirate 
 
 Scottish reformer 
 
 German. Discoverer of bacilli 
 
 Polish patriot and leader 
 
 [tionist 
 Hungarian statesman and revolu.> 
 
 Pres't of South African Republic ■ 
 
 German manufacturer 
 
 American. Painter, etc. 
 
 French. Aided the Americana 
 
 French statesman, etc. 
 
 English author 
 
 English author 
 
 English animal painter 
 
 Chinese philosopher, Taoism 
 
 French astronomer 
 
 English reformer 
 
 English. Archbishop of Canterbury 
 
 French. Modem chemistry 
 
 Scottish financier; , 
 
 American. Confederate general 
 
 German philosopher 
 
 See Montfort 
 
 See Yinci 
 
 Bishop of Rome, 440 
 
46 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 LEO X. 
 
 1475-1521 
 
 LEO XIII. 
 
 1810- 
 
 LEONIDAS 
 
 -480 B.c 
 
 LEPIDUS 
 
 -13 B.C. 
 
 LESSEPS, Ferd. de 
 
 1805-1894 
 
 LICINIUS 
 
 
 LIEBIG 
 
 1803-1873 
 
 U HUNG CHANG 
 
 1821-1901 
 
 UNCOLN, Abraham 
 
 1809-1865 
 
 UNO, Jenny 
 
 1821-1887 
 
 LINNAEUS 
 
 1707-1778 
 
 LISTER, Sir Joseph 
 
 1827- 
 
 LISZT, Franz 
 
 1811-1886 
 
 LIVINGSTONE, David 
 
 1813-1873 
 
 LIVY 
 
 59B.C.-17A.D 
 
 LOCKE, John 
 
 1632-1704 
 
 LONGFELLOW 
 
 1807-1882 
 
 LONGINUS 
 
 213-273 
 
 LORENZO 
 
 
 LOTH AIRE 1. 
 
 796-855 
 
 LOUIS 1. 
 
 778-840 
 
 LOUIS THE GERMAN 
 
 804-876 
 
 LOUIS VI. 
 
 1078-1137 
 
 LOUIS IX., 'Saint" 
 
 1215-1270 
 
 LOUIS XI. 
 
 1423-1483 
 
 LOUIS XIV. 
 
 1638-1715 
 
 LOUIS XVL 
 
 1754-1793 
 
 LOUIS PHILIPPE 
 
 1773-1850 
 
 LOYOU, Ignatius de 
 
 1491-1556 
 
 LUCRETIUS 
 
 -52 B.C. 
 
 LUTHER, Martin 
 
 1483-1546 
 
 LYCURGUS 
 
 9th cent. B.C. 
 
 LYSANDER 
 
 -395 B.C. 
 
 LYSIPPUS 
 
 
 LYHON, E. Bulwer 
 
 1803-1873 
 
 Pope, 1513 
 
 Pope, 1878 
 
 King of Sparta, 491 B.C. 
 
 Roman Triumvir 43-37 B.C. 
 
 [canal 
 French. Constructor of the Suez 
 
 Roman tribune of the people,376B. c. 
 
 German chemist 
 
 Chinese statesman 
 
 Pres't of the U. S., 1861 
 
 Swedish singer 
 
 Swedish naturalist 
 
 Enplish Surgeon. Antiseptic sys- 
 
 |tem 
 Hungarian pianist . 
 
 Scoich. African explorer 
 
 Roman historian 
 
 English philosopher 
 
 American poet 
 
 Greek philosopher 
 
 See Medici 
 
 Emperor of the Romans, 840 
 
 King of the Franks 
 
 King of Germany, 843 
 
 King of Fi-ance, 1108 
 
 King of France, 1226 
 
 King of France, 1461 
 
 King of France, 1643 
 
 King of France, 1774 
 
 King of France, 1830 
 
 Spanish. Founder of the ' 'Jesuits" 
 
 I.atin didactic poet 
 
 German reformt r 
 
 Spartan legislator 
 
 Spartan commander 
 
 Greek sculptor, 350 b.c. 
 
 English. Novelist, politician, etc. 
 
 MACAUUY, Thos. B. 1800-1859 
 
 MACBETH -1057 
 MACCABEES 
 
 MACCAB>EUS, Judas -160 b.c. 
 
 MACDONALO, Sir John A. 1815-1891 
 
 MACHIAVELLI, NIccolo 1469-1527 
 
 MACKAY, John W. 1831 1902 
 
 McKINLEY, William 1843-1901 
 
 MACKINTOSH, Sir James 1765-1832 
 
 MACMAHON 1808-1893 
 
 MAECENAS, C. C. 70-8 b.c. 
 
 MAGELLAN 1470-1521 
 MAHOMET 
 
 MAINTENON, Madame de 1635-1719 
 
 MALTHUS, Thos. Robt. 17G6-1834 
 
 MANASSEH -C42b.c. 
 MANCHU DYNASTY o< Tsing 1644- 
 
 MANES 3d cent. 
 
 MANETHO 3d cent. B.c 
 
 MANN, Horace 1796-1859 
 MARCUS AURELIUS 
 
 MARGARET 1353-1412 
 
 MARGARET OF ANJOU 1429-1482 
 
 MARIA THERESA 1717-1780 
 
 MARIE ANTOINETTE 1755-1793 
 
 MARIOTTE, Edme' -1684 
 
 MARIUS, Calus 157-86 b.c 
 MARK ANTONY 
 
 MARLBOROUGH, Dulte of 1650-1722 
 
 MARSHALL, John 1755-1835 
 MARTEL, Charles 
 
 MARX, Karl 1818-1883 
 
 MARY I. 1516-1558 
 
 MARY II. (Wm. & Mary) 1662-1694 
 
 MARY STUART 
 MATHER, Cotton 
 MAXIMILIAN I. 
 MAX-MULLER, F. 
 MAXWELL, J. Clerk- 
 MAZARIN, Jules 
 
 1542-1587 
 1663-1728 
 1459-1519 
 1823-1900 
 1831-1879 
 1602-1661 
 
 English historian 
 
 King of Scotland, 1040 
 
 Judah, 175-164 B.C. 
 
 Leader of the Jews 
 
 Scotch. Canadian statesman 
 
 Florentine statesman 
 
 Irish-American. Mining, etc., etc. 
 
 American. Pres't of U. S., 1897 
 
 Scotch. Lecturer, etc. 
 
 General. Pres't of France, 1873 
 
 Roman. Patron of literature 
 
 Portuguese navigator for Spain 
 
 See Mohammed 
 
 Second wife of Louis XIV 
 
 English. Social economist 
 
 King of Judah, 697 B.c. 
 
 [Manicheans 
 Persian. Founder of the sect of 
 
 Egyptian historian 
 
 American educator 
 
 See Aurelius 
 
 [Sweden, 1388 
 Queen of Denmark, Norway and 
 
 Queen of England, 1445 
 
 [1740 
 
 Sovereign of the Austrian dominions 
 
 Daughter of Maria Theresa,. Queen 
 [of France, 1774 
 French physicist 
 
 Roman general 
 
 See Antony 
 
 English general 
 
 Chief Justice of the V. S., 1801-35 
 
 See Charles Martel 
 
 German. Socialist 
 
 Queen of England, 1553 
 
 Queen of England, 1689 
 
 Queen of Scots 
 
 American theologian 
 
 Emperor of Germany, 1493 
 
 I 
 German-English. Philologist 
 
 Scotch. Electrical theories 
 
 [XIV. 
 France. Prime minister of Louis 
 
47 
 
 FAMOUS CHARAOTEBS IN HISTOEY 
 
 MAZZINI, Glustppe 
 
 1808-1872 
 
 Italian Patriot 
 
 
 
 MEOrCI, Cosmo 
 
 1389-1463 
 
 Florentine statesman 
 
 
 
 MEDICI, Lorenzo de' , 
 
 1449-1492 
 
 Head of the Florentine state, 1469 
 
 
 
 MEISSONIER 
 
 1815-1891 
 
 French painter 
 
 
 
 MELANCHTHON, Phllipp 
 
 1497-1560 
 
 German reformer 
 
 
 
 MENCIUS 
 
 4th cent. B.c 
 
 . Chinese philosopher 
 
 
 
 mendelssohn-Bartholdy 
 
 1809-1847 
 
 German composer 
 
 
 
 METTERNICH 
 
 1773-1859 
 
 Austrian statesman 
 
 
 
 MEYERBEER 
 
 1791-1864 
 
 German composer 
 
 
 
 MICHAEL ANGELO 
 
 1475-1564 
 
 Italian painter 
 
 
 
 MILL, John Stuart 
 
 1806-1873 
 
 English. Philosophical writings 
 
 
 
 MILTIADES 
 
 -489 B.C. 
 
 Athenian general 
 
 NAPIER, John 
 
 1550-1617 
 
 MILTON, John 
 
 1608-1674 
 
 English poet 
 
 NAPOLEON 
 
 
 MING DYNASTY 
 
 1368- 
 
 
 NARSES 
 
 -668 
 
 MIRABEAU 
 
 1749-1791 
 
 French statesman and revolutionist 
 
 NEBUCHADNEZZAR 
 
 -561 B.o 
 
 MITHRIDATES, (th« Great) 
 
 132-63 B.C. 
 
 King of Pontus, 120b. o. 
 
 NECHO 
 
 -595 B.c 
 
 MOHAMMED 
 
 570-632 
 
 Arabian. Founder of Islam 
 
 NECKER, Jacques 
 
 1732-1804 
 
 MOHAMMED II. 
 
 1430-1481 
 
 Turkish sultan, 1451 
 
 NELSON, Horatio 
 
 1758-1805 
 
 MOLIERE 
 
 1622-1673 
 
 French writer of comedy 
 
 NERO, (the General) 
 
 
 MOLTKE, Count Von 
 
 1800-1891 
 
 German strategist 
 
 NERO 
 
 37-68 
 
 MOMMSEN, Theodor 
 
 1817- 
 
 German. Historian of Rome 
 
 NERVA 
 
 32-98 
 
 MONG or MONGOL DYNASTY 
 
 Established 1280 
 
 NEWMAN, John Henry 
 
 1801-1890 
 
 MONK. George 
 
 1608-1670 
 
 English. Armyand navy commander 
 
 NEWTON, Sir Isaac 
 
 164^-1727 
 
 MONTAGU, Lady M. W. 
 
 1690-1762 
 
 English authoress, etc. 
 
 NEY, "Marshal" 
 
 1769-1815 
 
 MONTAIGNE 
 
 1533-1592 
 
 French essayist 
 
 NICHOLAS 1., (the Great) 
 
 -«67 
 
 MONTESQUIEU 
 
 1689-1755 
 
 French author 
 
 NICHOLAS 1. 
 
 1796-1855 
 
 MONTEZUMA II. 
 
 
 Emperor of Mexico, 1502 
 
 NICHOLAS, Saint 
 
 900 
 
 MONTFORT, Simon de 
 
 -1218 
 
 French commander In crusade 
 
 NIEBUHR, B. G. 
 
 1776-1831 
 
 MONTFORT, Simon de 
 MOORE, Thomas 
 
 -1265 
 1779-1852 
 
 [against the Albigenes 
 
 Leader of the English barons against 
 [Henry III. 
 Irish. Poet 
 
 NIGHTINGALE. Florence 
 NORTH. Frederick 
 
 1820- 
 1733-1792 
 
 MORE. Sir Thomas 
 
 1480-1535 
 
 English statesman 
 
 
 
 MORGAN, J. P. 
 
 1837-1'? 12 
 
 American. Financial organizer 
 
 
 
 MORSE, S. F. B. 
 
 1791-1872 
 
 American. Inventor of the electric 
 [telegraph 
 
 
 
 MORTIMER. Roger 
 
 -1330 
 
 English. Favorite of Isabella 
 
 
 
 MOSES 
 
 1571-1451 B.C. 
 
 Lawgiver of the Jews 
 
 O'CONNELL, Daniel 
 
 1775-1847 
 
 MOZART, Wolfgang 
 
 1756-1791 
 
 German composer 
 
 O'CONOR, Charles 
 
 1804-1884 
 
 MUNGO PARK 
 
 
 See Park 
 
 OCTAVIUS 
 
 
 MURAT, Joachim 
 
 1771-1815 
 
 French. King of Naples, 1808 
 
 ODOACER 
 
 -493 
 
 MURILLO 
 
 1618-1682 
 
 Spanish painter 
 
 OMAR 1. 
 
 681-644 
 
 Scotch. Mathematician 
 
 See Bonaparte 
 
 Byzantine general 
 
 King of Babylonia, 605 B.o. 
 
 King of Egypt, 610 B.C. 
 
 French minister of finance under 
 [Louis XVL 
 English admiral 
 
 Boman consul, 207 B.C. 
 
 Boman emperor, 54 
 
 Boman emperor, 96 
 
 [dinal 
 English clergyman and Boman car- 
 English natural philosopher 
 French. General 
 Pope, 858 
 
 Czar of Bussla, 1825 
 Asia Minor. Patron of Bussla 
 Denmark. Historian 
 English philanthropist and nurse 
 English. Premier, 1770 
 
 Irish political agitator 
 American lawyer 
 See Augustus 
 King of Italy, 476 
 Arabian. Caliph, 634 
 
48 
 
 OMAR KHAYYAM 
 ONUS I. 
 ORIGEN 
 OSMAN 
 OTHMAN 
 
 OTHMAN (Osman) 
 OTHO I. 
 OTTOCAR II. 
 OVIO 
 
 -1124 
 
 185-254 
 
 -656 
 1259-1326 
 912-973 
 -1278 
 
 43B.C-18A.D. 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 Persian poet, etc. 
 
 High priest of the Jews, 320b. c. 
 
 Greek father of the Church 
 
 See Othman 
 
 Arabian. Caliph, 644 
 
 [1299 
 Founder of the Ottoman Empire, 
 
 King of Germany, 936. Emperor, 
 
 [962 
 King of Bohemia, 1253 
 
 Latin poet 
 
 PAGANINI. Niccolo 
 
 1784-1840 
 
 Italian violinist 
 
 PAINE. Thomas 
 
 1737-1809 
 
 English-American radical writer 
 
 PALEY. William 
 
 1743-1805 
 
 English. Natural theology 
 
 PALISSY. Bernard 
 
 1510-1589 
 
 French potter 
 
 PALMERSTON, Viscount 
 
 1784-1865 
 
 English statesman 
 
 PAPINIAN 
 
 140-212 
 
 Roman jurist 
 
 PARK. Mungo 
 
 1771-1806 
 
 Scotch. African explorer 
 
 PARRHASIUS 
 
 4th cent. B.C. 
 
 Greek painter 
 
 PASCAL, Blaise 
 
 1623-1662 
 
 French author and mathematician 
 
 PASTEUR. Louis 
 
 1822-1895 
 
 French. Discoveries concerning 
 
 PATRICK, Saint 
 
 5th cent. 
 
 [bacteria 
 "Apostle of Ireland" 
 
 PAUL, Saint 
 
 
 See Saul of Tarsus 
 
 PAUL 
 
 1754-1801 
 
 Czar of Russia, 1796 
 
 PEABODY, George 
 
 1795-1869 
 
 American. Philanthropist 
 
 PEDRO II. 
 
 1825-1891 
 
 Emperor of Brazil, 1831 
 
 PEEL. Sir RobL 
 PELAGIUS 
 
 1788-1850 
 -430? 
 
 English statesman 
 
 [heresy 
 British. Founder of the Pelagian 
 
 PENN, William 
 
 1644-1718 
 
 English. Founder of Pennsylvania 
 
 PEPIN THE SHORT 
 
 -768 
 
 First king of the Franks, 751 
 
 PERICLES 
 
 495-429 B.C. 
 
 Athenian statesman 
 
 PERRY, Oliver H. 
 
 1785-1819 
 
 American naval officer 
 
 PETER THE GREAT 
 
 1672-1725 
 
 Czar of Russia, 1682 
 
 PETER THE HERMIT 
 
 -1115 
 
 French. Crusader 
 
 PETER, Saint 
 
 
 See Simon 
 
 PETRARCH 
 
 1304-1374 
 
 Italian writer of sonnets 
 
 PHIDIAS 
 
 490-432 B.C. 
 
 Athenian. Famous statues 
 
 PHILIP II. 
 
 382-336 B.C. 
 
 PHILIP II. 
 
 1165 1223 
 
 PHILIP IV. 
 
 1268-1314 
 
 PHILIP II. 
 
 1527-1598 
 
 PHILIPPE, Louis 
 
 
 PHILLIPS, Wendell 
 
 1811-1884 
 
 PHILO, Judaeus 
 
 1st cent. 
 
 PINDAR 
 
 520- 440 B.C. 
 
 PISISTRATUS 
 
 -527 
 
 PITT. William 
 
 1708-1778 
 
 PIUS IX. 
 
 1792-1878 
 
 PIZARRO, Francisco 
 
 1471-1541 
 
 PLATO 
 
 429-348 B.o. 
 
 PLINY, the Elder 
 
 23-79 
 
 PLINY, the Younger 
 
 01-113 
 
 PLUTARCH 
 
 46-120 
 
 POE, Edgar Allan 
 
 1809-1849 
 
 POLO, Marco 
 
 12.54-1324 
 
 POLYGNOTUS 
 
 5th cent. B.C. 
 
 POMPADOUR, Marquise 
 
 de 1721 17G4 
 
 POMPEY, Cnelus 
 
 100-48 B.C. 
 
 PONCE DE LEON 
 
 1460^1521 
 
 PONTIUS PILATE 
 
 -38 
 
 POPE, Alexander 
 
 1688-1744 
 
 PORUS 
 
 -317 B.C. 
 
 POTIPHAR 
 
 
 PR4XITELES 
 
 4th cent. B.C. 
 
 PRESCOTT, Wm. H. 
 
 1796-1859 
 
 PROBUS 
 
 -282 
 
 PSAMMETICHUS I. 
 
 PTOLEMY SOTER -283 B.C. 
 
 PTOLEMY PHILADELPHUS -247b. o. 
 
 PTOLEMY, Claudius 2nd cent. 
 
 PYRRHUS -272 B.C. 
 
 PYTHAGORAS 580-497 B.C. 
 
 King of Macedon, 359 B.o. 
 
 King of France, 1180 
 
 King of France, 1285 
 
 King of Spain, 1555 
 
 See Louis Philippe 
 
 American orator and abolitionist 
 
 Alexandrian. .Jewish religious phi- 
 [losopher 
 Tlieban lyric poet 
 
 Tyrant of Athens 
 
 English statesman 
 
 Pope, 1846 
 
 Spaniani. Conqueror of Peru 
 
 Greek philosopher 
 
 Roman naturalist 
 
 Roman writer 
 
 Greek biographer 
 
 American author 
 
 Venetian traveler 
 
 Greek painter 
 
 French, .\mbitiou8 Court lady 
 
 Ro;nan general 
 
 [1512 
 Spaniai-d. Discoverer of Florida, 
 
 Roman governor of Judea 
 
 English poet 
 
 King in India 
 
 Egypt. 1728 B.C. 
 
 Greek sculptor 
 
 American liistorian 
 
 Roman emperor, 276 
 
 Egypt. King, 666-610 B.C. 
 
 Founder of tlie Greek dynasty in 
 [Egypt 
 King of Egypt, 285 B.C. 
 
 Graeeo-Egyptian astronomer 
 
 King of Epirus 
 
 Greek philosopher 
 
 QUINTILLIAN, M. Fablus 
 
 35-100 
 
 Spanish. Roman rhetorician 
 
49 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 RABELAIS. Francois 
 
 1483-1553 
 
 RACHEL 
 
 1821-1858 
 
 RACINE, Jean 
 
 1639-1699 
 
 RALEIGH. Sir Walter 
 
 1552-1618 
 
 RAMESES THE GREAT 
 
 14th cent. B.c 
 
 RAMESES III. 
 
 
 RAPHAEL 
 
 1483-1520 
 
 REGULUS 
 
 3tl cent. B.C. 
 
 REMBRANDT, Paul 
 
 1607-1669 
 
 RENAN 
 
 1823-1892 
 
 REN^ THE GOOD 
 
 1409-1480 
 
 REYNOLDS, Sir Joshua 
 
 1723-1792 
 
 RHODES, Cecil 
 
 1853-1902 
 
 RICARDO. David 
 
 1772-1823 
 
 RICHARD 1. 
 
 1157-1109 
 
 RICHARD III. 
 
 1452-1485 
 
 RICHELIEU 
 
 1585-1642 
 
 RIDLEY, NIcliolas 
 
 -1555 
 
 RIENZI. Cola dl 
 
 1312-1354 
 
 RISTORI. Adelaide 
 
 1821- 
 
 ROBESPIERRE 
 
 1758-1794 
 
 ROCKEFELLER. John D. 
 
 1839- 
 
 RODERIC 
 
 -711 
 
 ROEBLING. John A. 
 
 1806-1869 
 
 ROLLO 
 
 -931 
 
 ROMILLY, Sir Samuel 
 
 1757-1818 
 
 ROSS, Sir John 
 
 1777-1856 
 
 ROSSINI 
 
 1792-1868 
 
 ROTHSCHILD, Meyer A. 
 
 1743-1812 
 
 ROUSSEAU, Jean J. 
 
 1712-1778 
 
 ROWLAND, Henry A. 
 
 1848-1901 
 
 RUBENS, Peter Paul 
 
 1577-1640 
 
 RUBENSTEIN. Anton 
 
 1830-1894 
 
 RUDOLPH OF HAPSBURG 
 
 1218-1291 
 
 RURIK 
 
 -879 
 
 RUTH At Bethlehem, 
 
 1312 B.C. 
 
 RUYTER, M. A. de 
 
 1607-1676 
 
 French author 
 
 French actress 
 
 French tragic poet 
 
 English courtier 
 
 King of Egypt, 1300 B.C. 
 
 King of Egypt, 1200 B.C. 
 
 Italian painter 
 
 Eoman general 
 
 Dutch painter 
 
 French author 
 
 "King of Naples," 1435 
 
 English painter 
 
 English. So. African statesman, etc. 
 
 English political economist 
 
 King of England, 1189 
 
 King of England, 1483 
 
 [XIII. 
 Fr3nch. Prime mini-ster of Louis 
 
 Bishop of London 
 
 Eoman popular leader 
 
 Italian actress 
 
 French revolutionist 
 
 American. Oil 
 
 Last Visigothic king of Spain 
 
 Prussian. American engineer 
 
 Norwegian viking 
 
 English. Lawyer and philanthropist 
 
 British arctic explorer 
 
 Italian composer 
 
 German-Jewish banker 
 
 French author 
 
 American physicist 
 
 Flemish painter 
 
 Russian pianist and composer 
 
 Emperor of Germany, 1273 
 
 Founded the first Russian Empire 
 
 An ancestor of David 
 
 Dutch admiral 
 
 SACHS, Hans 1494-1576 
 
 SAGE, Russell 1816- 
 
 SAINT-GAUDENS, Augustus 1848- 
 SAINT-SIMON 1760-1825 
 
 SALADIN 1137-1193 
 
 SALISBURY, Marquis o( 1830- 
 
 [tor 
 
 German poet 
 American. Financier and specula- 
 Irish. American sculptor 
 French socialist 
 Turk. Sultan of Egypt, 1171 
 English statesman 
 
 SALLUST 
 
 86-34 B.C. 
 
 Roman historian 
 
 SALVINI 
 
 1830- 
 
 Italian. Actor 
 
 SAMSON 
 
 -1116B.C 
 
 Judge of Israel, 1137-1117 B.C. 
 
 SAMUEL 
 
 -1058 B.c 
 
 Judge of Israel, 1117-1095 B.C. 
 
 SANCHO THE GREAT 
 
 -1035 
 
 King of Navarre and Castile 
 
 SANTA ANNA 
 
 1797 1876 
 
 Pres't and dictator of Mexico, 1833 
 
 SAPOR 1. 
 
 -271 
 
 King of Persia, 242 
 
 SAPPHO 
 
 600 B.C. 
 
 Greek poetess 
 
 SARDANAPALUS 
 
 -626B.C. 
 
 King of Assyria, 668 B.C. 
 
 SARGON 
 
 -705 B.C. 
 
 Ring of Assyria, 722 B.C. 
 
 SAUL 
 
 -1055 B.C. 
 
 First king of Israel, 1095 B.C. 
 
 SAUL OF TARSUS 
 
 -64 ? 
 
 Apostle of the Gentiles 
 
 SAVONAROLA 
 
 1452-1498 
 
 Italian monk 
 
 [torian 
 
 SCHILLER 
 
 1759-1805 
 
 German poet, dramatist and his- 
 
 SCHLEGEL, F. von 
 
 1772-1829 
 
 German. Literature 
 
 SCHOPENHAUER, Arthur 1788-1860 
 SCHUMANN, Robert 1810-1856 
 
 SCHWAB, Charles M. 
 
 1862- 
 
 SCIPIO AFRICANUS 
 
 234-183 B.C. 
 
 SCOTT, Sir Walter 
 
 1771-1832 
 
 SCOTT, WInfield 
 
 1786-1866 
 
 SELEUCUS, Nlcator 
 
 358-280B.C. 
 
 SELKIRK, Alexander 
 
 1676-1721 
 
 SEMMES, Raphael 
 
 1809-1877 
 
 SENECA, Lucius A. 
 
 -65 
 
 SENNACHERIB 
 
 -681 B.C. 
 
 SEVERUS, Seplimlus 
 
 -211 
 
 SEWARD, Wm. Henry 
 
 1801-1872 
 
 SHAKESPEARE, William 
 
 1564-1616 
 
 SHALMANESER i. 
 
 14tli cent. B.C. 
 
 SHALMANESER II. 
 
 
 SHELLEY, Percy B. 
 
 1792-1822 
 
 SHERIDAN, Philip H. 
 
 1831-1888 
 
 SHERIDAN, Richard 8. 
 
 1751-1816 
 
 German. Pessimist philosopher 
 
 German composer 
 
 American. Pres't of U. S. Steel Co. 
 
 Roman general 
 
 Scottish poet and novelist 
 
 American general 
 
 Macedonian general 
 
 Scottish sailor. "Robinson Crusoe" 
 
 American. Confederate naval com- 
 
 [mander 
 Roman philosopher 
 
 King of Assyria, 705 B.O. 
 
 Roman emperor, 193 
 
 American statesman 
 
 English dramatist 
 
 Assyrian king 
 
 Assyrian king, 860 b.o. 
 
 English poet 
 
 American general 
 
 Irish. Statesman and dramatist 
 
50 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTEItS IN HI8T0 11Y 
 
 SHERMAN. Wm. T. 
 SHESHONK ^Shlshak) 
 SIDDONS. Sirah 
 SIDNEY. Sir Philip 
 SIGISMUND 
 SIGISMUND I. 
 SILLIMAN, Benj. 
 SIMON, (St.) PETER 
 SMITH. Adam 
 SMITH. Joseph 
 SMITH. Sidney 
 SOBIESKI. John 
 SOCRATES 
 SOLOMON 
 SOLON 
 
 SOLYMAN I. or II. 
 SOMERVILLE, Mary 
 SOPHOCLES 
 SPARTACUS 
 SPENCER. Herbert 
 SPENSER. Edmund 
 SPINOLA 
 SPINOZA. Banich 
 SPURGEON. Charles H. 
 STAEL, De, Mme. 
 STANLEY, Htnry M. 
 STEIN 
 STEPHEN I. 
 STEPHENSON, George 
 STEPHENSON, Robert 
 
 1820-1891 
 10th cent. B.C. 
 1755-1831 
 1554-1586 
 1368-1437 
 
 -1548 
 1779-1864 
 
 -65 
 1723-1790 
 1805-1844 
 1771-1845 
 
 -1696 
 
 470-399 B.C. 
 
 1033-975 B.C. 
 
 638-559 B.G. 
 
 1495-1566 
 
 1780-1872 
 
 495-406 B.C. 
 
 -71 B.C. 
 1820- 
 1553-1599 
 1569-1630 
 1632-1677 
 1834-1892 
 1766-1817 
 1841- 
 1757-1831 
 
 .rl038 
 
 1781-1848 
 1803-1859 
 
 STEVENSON, Robert Loiilt 1850-1894 
 STEWART, A. T. 1803-1876 
 
 STORY, Joseph 1779-1845 
 
 STRABO 64B.C.-24A.D. 
 
 STRADIVARI, Antonio 1649-1737 
 
 SULLA, Lucius C. 138-78 b.c. 
 
 SULLY 1560-1641 
 
 SUMNER, Charies 1811-1874 
 
 SWEDENB0R6, Emanuel 1688-1772 
 SWEYN -1014 
 
 American general 
 
 King of Egypt 
 
 Englisti actress 
 
 English author and soldier 
 
 Emperor of Germany, 1411 
 
 King of Poland, 1506 
 
 American physicist 
 
 One of the twelve apostles 
 
 Scottish political economist 
 
 imerican. Founder of the Mor- 
 
 [mons 
 English clergyman, wit, etc. 
 
 King of Poland, 1674 
 
 Athenian philosopher 
 
 King of Israel, 1015 B.C. 
 
 Athenian lawgiver 
 
 Turkish sulUn, 1520 
 
 Scotch. Mathematician and scientist 
 
 Greek tragic poet 
 
 Leader of Boman slaves, 73 b.c. 
 
 English philosopher 
 
 English poet 
 
 Italian-Spanish general 
 
 Dutch.Jewish philosopher 
 
 English preacher 
 
 French authoress 
 
 Wales. African explorer 
 
 Prussian statesman 
 
 King of Hungary, 997 
 
 Itive 
 English. Perfector of the locomo- 
 
 Engllsh engineer 
 
 Scotch. Author 
 
 Irish-American. Merchant 
 
 American jurist 
 
 Greek geographer 
 
 Italian rlolin maker 
 
 Boman general and dictator 
 
 French. Minister of Henry IV. 
 
 American statesman and abolition- 
 List 
 Swedish philosopher and theoso- 
 
 [phist 
 King of Denmark, 985-of Eng. 1013 
 
 SWIFT, Jonathan 
 SYLVESTER II. 
 
 1667-1745 Irish. Political writer and satlriat,- 
 
 940-1003 Pope, 999 
 
 TACITUS. Caius C. 
 TALLEYRAND. Chas. M. 
 TAMERLANE 
 
 TANG DYNASTY 
 
 TARQUIN THE PROUD 
 TASSO, Torquato 
 TENNYSON. Alfred 
 TERTULLIAN 
 THACKERAY. Wm. M. 
 THALES 
 
 THEMISTOCLES 
 THEODERIC THE GREAT 
 
 -117 
 
 1754-1838 
 1336-1405 
 
 618- 
 
 Boman historian 
 French diplomatist 
 Mongol conqueror 
 
 ( Chinese empire again consolidated 
 j Golden age of Chinese literature 
 
 Last Itlng of Kome, about 530 B.a 
 
 1544-1595 Italian poet 
 
 1809-1892 English poet 
 
 2d cent. Latin father of the Church 
 
 1811-1863 Engli-sh novelist 
 
 640-546 B.C. Greek philosopher 
 
 -460 B.C. Athenian statesman and commander 
 
 -526 
 
 THEODOSIUS THE GREAT 346-395 
 
 THIERS, L. A. 
 
 THOMAS A' KEMPIS 
 
 THOMAS AQUINAS, Saint 
 
 THOMAS BECKET 
 
 THOMSON, Sir William 
 
 THOREAU. Henry D. 
 
 THORWALSOEN, Bertei 
 
 THOTHMES III. 
 
 THUCYDIDES 
 
 TIBERIUS 
 
 TIGUTH-PILESER II. 
 
 TILLY. Johann T. 
 
 TITIAN 
 
 TITUS 
 
 TOLSTOI, Leo 
 
 TRAJAN 
 
 TSIN DYNASTY 
 
 TURENNE 
 
 TURCOT, Robt. J. 
 
 King of Ostrogoths, 475 
 Borjan emperor of the East, 379 
 French statesman and historian 
 German. Writer and monk 
 See Aquinas 
 See Becket 
 Irish. Physicist 
 American author and naturalist 
 Danish sculptor 
 16th cent. B.C. King of Egypt 
 471-400 B.C. Athenian historian 
 42 B.C.-37 A.D. Boman emperor, 14 a.d. 
 -727 B.C. King of Assyria, 745 B.C. 
 1559-1632 
 
 1797-1877 
 1380-1471 
 
 1824- 
 
 1817-1862 
 
 1770-1844 
 
 1477-1576 
 40-81 
 
 1828- 
 62-117 
 255 B.C. 
 
 1611-1675 
 
 1727-1781 
 
 TURNER. Joseph M. W. 1775-1851 
 TYNDALE, Wm. 1484-1536 
 
 French. General in the Thirty 
 [Years' War. 
 Italian painter 
 
 Boman emperor, 79 
 
 Bussian novelist, reformer, etc. 
 
 Boman emperor, 98 
 
 French. Marshal 
 
 fomist 
 
 French controller-general and econ- 
 
 English painter 
 \ [lator 
 
 English reformer and biblical trans- 
 
51 
 
 FAMOUS CHABACTEES IN HISTORY 
 
 ULFILAS 
 
 311-381 
 
 Gothic biblical translator 
 
 URBAN II. 
 
 -1099 
 
 Pope, 1088 
 
 USHER, James 
 
 1580-1656 
 
 Irish. Biblical chronologlst 
 
 VALENS 
 
 -378 
 
 VALENTINIAN 1. 
 
 321-375 
 
 VANDERBILT, Cornelius 
 
 1794-1877 
 
 VANDYKE, Sir Anthony 
 
 1599-1641 
 
 VARRO, Marcus T. 
 
 116-28 B.C. 
 
 VARUS, Publius Q. 
 
 -9 
 
 VELASQUES 
 
 1599-1660 
 
 VASA 
 
 
 VERDI, Giuseppe 
 
 1814-1901 
 
 VERNE, Jules 
 
 182&- 
 
 VESPASIAN 
 
 9-79 
 
 VESPUCCI, Amerigo 
 
 1451-1512 
 
 VICO, Giovanni B. 
 
 1668-1744 
 
 VICTOR EMANUEL 
 
 1820-1878 
 
 VICTORIA 
 
 1819-1901 
 
 VINCI, Leonardo da 
 
 1452-1519 
 
 VIRCHOW, Rudolt 
 
 1821-1902 
 
 VIRGIL 
 
 70-19 B.c 
 
 VLADIMIR THE GREAT 
 
 -1015 
 
 VOLTAIRE 
 
 1694-1778 
 
 Emperor of the East, 364 
 
 Emperor of the West, 364 
 
 American. Pioneer of R. E. con- 
 [soUdation 
 Flemish painter 
 
 Eoman scholar and author 
 
 Eoman general and consul 
 
 Spanish painter 
 
 (See Gustavus Vasa) 
 
 Italian composer 
 
 French author 
 
 Boman emperor, 69 
 
 Italian navigator 
 
 Italian. Founder of the philosophy 
 [of histoiy 
 King of Italy, 1861 
 
 Queen of Great Britain, 1837 
 
 Italian painter and sculptor 
 
 German physiologist, etc. 
 
 Latin poet 
 
 BuBsia. Great Duke, 980 
 
 French poet and philosopher 
 
 WAGNER. Richard 1813-1883 
 
 WALLACE, Sir William 1274-1305 
 
 WALLENSTEIN 1583-1634 
 
 WALPOLE, Sir Robert 1676-1745 
 
 WANAMAKER, John 1837- 
 
 WARWICK, Earl of -1471 
 
 WASHINGTON, George 1732-1799 
 
 WATT, James 1736-1819 
 
 WAITS, Isaac , 1674- 1748 
 
 WAT TYLER -1381 
 
 WEBER, Karl M. von 178G-1826 
 
 WEBER, Wilhelm 1804-1801 
 
 WEBSTER, Daniel 1782-1852 
 
 WEBSTER, Noah 1758-1843 
 
 WEDGWOOD, Joslah 1730-1793 
 
 WELLINGTON, Duke of 1769-1852 
 
 WESLEY, John 1703-1791 
 
 WHEATSTONE, Sir Chas. 1802-1875 
 
 WHEWELL, William 1794-1866 
 
 WHITEFIELO, George 1714-1770 
 
 WHITNEY, Eli 1765-1825 
 
 WHITTIER. John G. 1807-1892 
 
 WILBERFORCE, William 1759-1833 
 WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR 1027-1037 
 WILLIAM III. (Prince of Orange)1650-1702 
 
 WILLIAM 
 
 1797-1888 
 
 WILLIAM THE SILENT 1533-1584 
 
 WILLIAMS, Roger 1599-1683 
 WINIFRED 
 
 WOLSEY, Thos. 1471-1530 
 
 WORCESTER, Edward S. 1601-1667 
 
 W0R3SW0RTH, William 1770-1850 
 
 WREN, Sir Christopher 1632-1723 
 
 WYCLIFFE, John 1324-1384 
 
 German composer 
 
 Scottish patriot 
 
 [Years' War 
 Austrian general in the Thirty 
 
 Prime minister of Great Britain, 
 
 [1715 
 American merchant 
 
 English. The " king-malier " 
 
 Pres't of the U. S., 1789 
 
 Scotch. Porfeetor of the steam 
 [engine 
 English sacred poet 
 
 English rebel 
 
 Austrian composer 
 
 German physicist 
 
 American statesman and orator 
 
 American lexicographer 
 
 English potter 
 
 Irish. British general 
 
 English. Founder of Methodism 
 
 English physicist 
 
 English philosopher and scientist 
 
 English. Founder of Calvinistic 
 [Methodism 
 
 American. Inventor of the cotton 
 
 [gin 
 American poet 
 
 English. Abolition of slave trade 
 
 King of England, 1066 
 
 King of Great Britain, 1689 
 
 King of Prussia, 1861. Emperor 
 [of Germany, 1871 
 
 Founder of the Dutch Republic 
 
 Wales. Founder of the colony of 
 
 [Rhode Island 
 See Boniface 
 
 [VIII. 
 English Cardinal, Minister of Henry 
 
 Inventor of a steam 
 [engine 
 
 English 
 English poet 
 English architect 
 English religious reformer 
 
5^ 
 
 FAMOUS CHARACTERS IN HISTORY 
 
 XAVIER, Francis— (8aln») 1506-1552 Spanish. Jesuit missionary 
 
 XENOPHON -350 B.C. Athenian writer 
 
 XERXES -465 B.C. King of Persia, 486 b.O. 
 
 XIMENES, Francisco 1437-1517 Spanish prelate and statesman 
 
 YANG-KIAN He united the Chinese Empire, 590 
 
 YAOU Time of Abraham. ? Charlemagne of the East 
 
 ZEND 500 B.O. Greek philosopher 
 
 ZENO 342-270 b.o. Founder of the Stole philosophy 
 
 ZENO -491 Roman emperor of the East, 474 
 
 ZENOBIA Queen of Palmyra, 266 
 
 ZEUXIS 400B.O. Greek painter 
 
 ZIMISCES, John -976 Byzantine emperor, 969 
 
 ZOROASTER 10th cent. B.C.? Founder of the Persian religion 
 
 ZWINGLI, Utrtc 1484^1531 Swiss reformer 
 
i 
 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
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