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 twice in this country by Mr. F. Sales, a curious fact in Spanish bib- 
 liography, and one that should be mentioned to the honor of Mr. 
 Sales, whose various publications have done much to spread the love 
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 debted for my first knowledge of it." 
 
ORATION 
 
 OF 
 
 JESCHINES ON THE CROWN 
 
THE 
 
 ORATION 
 
 ^SCHINES AGAINST CTESIPHON. 
 
 WITH NOTES. 
 
 BY J. T. CHAMPLIN, 
 
 PROFESSOR OF GREEK AND LATIN IN WATEHVILLE COLLEGE. 
 
 CAMBRIDGE: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY JOHN BARTLETT, 
 
 33oofcseller to t&e 2Unfbersft. 
 
 1850. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1850, by 
 
 J. T. C H A M P L I V, 
 
 in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. 
 
 CAMBRIDGE: 
 
 METCALF AND COMPANY, 
 PRINTERS TO THE CNIVERMTT. 
 
TO 
 
 CORNELIUS CONWAY FELTON, LL. D., 
 
 ELIOT PROFESSOR OF GREEK IN HARVARD UNIVERSITY, 
 
 THIS CONTRIBUTION TO THE ILLUSTRATION OF ATTIC ORATORY 
 IS INSCRIBED, 
 
 AS AN EXPRESSION OF FRIENDSHIP AND A MEMORIAL OF 
 CONGENIAL STUDIES, 
 
 BY 
 THE EDITOR. 
 
 126083 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 IN bringing before the public the productions of 
 the rival orators, in this most famous contest for 
 the crown, I have not followed the chronological 
 order, but the order of preeminence and demand, 
 so that, as in many other things, " the last has 
 become first, and the first last." While the name 
 of ^Sschines has undoubtedly been ennobled by its 
 association with that of Demosthenes, in this and 
 the other contests left on record, at the same time 
 he has unavoidably suffered from so close proxim- 
 ity to a superior luminary. The acknowledged 
 position of Demosthenes as the first of orators, and 
 the reputation of his Oration on the Crown as 
 the first of his orations, have cast into compara- 
 tive obscurity the scarcely less able production of 
 ^schines, and led to the inconsistency, in nearly 
 all of our colleges, of reading the defence with- 
 out having previously read the attack. In accord- 
 ance with this practice of our colleges (a practice, 
 to be sure, inconsistent in itself, but which, I think, 
 no wise teacher would recommend to be generally 
 abandoned, unless both the Orations can be read), 
 the Oration of Demosthenes was first published, 
 and is now followed by that of JDschines. 
 
Vlll PREFACE. 
 
 The two Orations, though not intended neces- 
 sarily to be bound together, have been edited with 
 mutual reference to each other, and with the same 
 general object in view. The aim, in each case, 
 has been, to give a plain and unpretending expo- 
 sition of the sentiments of the author, based upon 
 philological principles, and illustrated by the requi- 
 site historical and archaeological information. It 
 has not, however, been attempted to do this in 
 an exhaustive way, so as to leave no difficulties 
 to be overcome by the student, but sufficiently to 
 encourage effort, and furnish the means of success 
 to the diligent and persevering. To what has some- 
 times been called " the higher criticism," such as 
 is displayed in ingenious interpretations, bold con- 
 jectures, and happy emendations, this book makes 
 but little pretension. The editor will be satisfied, 
 if it shall be thought to contain a fair amount of 
 common sense, guided by a competent knowledge 
 of the Greek language in interpreting the thoughts 
 of a great orator, who lived more than two thou- 
 sand years ago, and bringing them into connection 
 with thoughts and things as they now are. The 
 classics are too often read, as some tale of a far- 
 off, enchanted land, beautiful and entertaining, to 
 be sure, but having no possible connection with 
 what is now passing on the earth. Happily, the 
 tendency of the labors of recent editors has been 
 to dispel this illusion, by exhibiting them as a field 
 of useful, as well as of entertaining study, by treat- 
 ing them as productions of the human mind in its 
 various workings, thus attaching them to human 
 
PREFACE. IX 
 
 nature and making them reflect it under some of 
 its most interesting aspects. All honor to the men 
 who, like Boeckh in Germany, and Arnold in 
 England, have contributed to bring about this 
 change ! 
 
 This Oration is one of three which have been 
 left by JEschines. They have been denominated 
 " the three Graces," of which, undoubtedly, this is 
 the crowning Grace. They were all made against 
 Demosthenes, one directly in self-defence, in a pros- 
 ecution for corrupt conduct on his embassy to 
 Philip, and the others through third persons, Ti- 
 marchus and Ctesiphon. Coming to a rupture on 
 their second embassy to Philip, the two orators 
 took directly opposite sides in the subsequent strug- 
 gle with that crafty monarch, the jwie vehemently 
 urging resistance to his encroachments, the other 
 conciliation, if not submission. Their differences 
 came out, in the report of their proceedings made 
 before the Assembly on their return from the em- 
 bassy, and, about three years afterwards, on occa- 
 sion of JSschines passing the usual examination 
 before the court for his conduct on the embassy, 
 were fully discussed, first in the preliminary trial 
 of Timarchus, and then of JEschines himself, and 
 finally reached their highest intensity and most in- 
 dignant expression in this action against Ctesiphon. 
 In this closing struggle, therefore, of the two ora- 
 tors, we have, at the same time, the best specimen 
 of their individual power and relative strength. In 
 gracefulness of style and cogency of logic, JEschines 
 is fully equal to his rival ; but his words are far 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 less solemn and elevated, and his logic works by 
 dryer formulae, and within much narrower limits. 
 With almost every quality of style deemed desir- 
 able in an orator, we yet miss the convincing 
 earnestness, the fiery energy, as well as the mag- 
 nificent sweep and flow of Demosthenes. Conse- 
 quently, he is more trivial, more extravagant, more 
 persona], than his antagonist. There is a vein of 
 extravagance which runs through many of his ex- 
 pressions and statements, which greatly injures the 
 effect of the Oration, while I know of nothing in 
 which it suffers so much, in comparison with the 
 production of his rival, as in the more exclusively 
 personal character which it wears. Demosthenes, 
 it is true, exhibits personal feeling towards jEs- 
 chines, and, speaking in self-defence, is necessarily 
 somewhat egotistical ; but, as Mr. Legare* has well 
 said of his masterly production, " It is the grandest 
 piece of egotism on record. Yet is the subject so 
 dexterously, or rather so simply, so sincerely, so 
 sublimely managed, that you forget the orator in 
 the statesman, the statesman in the patriot, the pa- 
 triot in his country, which seems to have engrossed, 
 penetrated, transformed, and elevated his whole 
 being.' 7 
 
 As to the merits of the main question at issue 
 between, the two orators, the integrity and policy 
 of the course which they had respectively pursued 
 towards Philip, it is difficult positively to decide. 
 
 * " Demosthenes, the Man, the Statesman, and the Orator," 
 Writings, Vol. II. p. 481. 
 
PREFACE. XI 
 
 It is possible that the policy of .ZEschines, which 
 was at the same time the policy of a large party, 
 at whose head stood the accomplished Isocrates and 
 the stern and incorruptible Phocion, was dictated 
 by a real though mistaken regard for the interests 
 of his country, supposing that conciliation would 
 be more effectual than resistance. Bat, consider- 
 ing all the known facts of the case, the sudden 
 change of his feelings towards Philip after the first 
 embassy, his subsequent connection with the Mace- 
 donian party, through all the course of Philip's 
 aggressions, even to the downfall of his country, 
 and many other suspicious circumstances urged by 
 Demosthenes in his reply and the Oration on the 
 False Legation, it can hardly be doubted that 
 there was something criminal in his connection with 
 Philip. That his course was unpatriotic is involved 
 in the very nature of the case, since he sided with 
 the conqueror of his country. And though we need 
 not believe him' to have been, what the rival ora- 
 tors mutually charge each other with being, the 
 guilty cause of all the evils of his country, <5 rfs 
 'EAAaSoff aXirrjpios, still his name must always rest 
 under some suspicion. 
 
 It now only remains for me to say, that the text 
 of this edition is that of W. Dindorf, with such 
 slight alterations as seemed to be required alike by 
 the sense and manuscript authority. I have con- 
 stantly consulted the edition of Bremj, as well as the 
 collection of Notes, Scholia, and Various Readings, 
 contained in Dobson's edition of the Attic Orators, 
 and adopted from them whatever seemed to my 
 
Xll PREFACE. 
 
 purpose. Thankful for the encouragement and as- 
 sistance of many valued friends, both in the pres- 
 ent and previous editorial labors, and assured by 
 the favor with which those labors have thus far 
 been received, I venture to add this little volume 
 to those already before the public. 
 
 WATERVILLE COLLEGE, January, 1850. 
 
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 al evOvvaiJ, 6 Be TO < v|r7]0t<jyu.a ypd(j)0)V evBetKWTai, 
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 Se ecj) ot? rjfJbdpTrjKe. Krrjor^wv 8e', & avSpe? * A6rjvaloi,, 
 U7rep7r?;Sr]<Ta5 TOV vdfiov TOV Trepi TCOV inrevOvvwv KeifJie- 
 voVy Kai TTJV 7rpo(f>a(TLV rjv eyco apTicos TTpoeiTrov VJMV 
 1* 
 
6 AI2XINOY 
 
 dve\a)v, Trplv \dyov, Trplv evOvvas Bovvat, ye'ypa(f>e 
 raj~v drjfjLoaOevrjv ap%ovra crrefyavovv. 
 
 13 Ae^ovcri &e, w av&pes 'AOrjvaloi, /ecu crepdv Tiva \o- 
 yov vTrevavnov ro> aprio)? eiprj/juevq), 0)9 apa baa TI$ 
 
 wv TT parrel Kara ^r^i(T^a t ov/c e<rrt ravra 
 i, d\\ 7rifie\id rt? KOI Statcovia dp^a? Be <f>i]- 
 GOVCTIV e/cetvas elvai a? ol Oea^oOerai diroKXrjpovo'tv ev 
 TO) 0rja-Ltt) t rcdtceivas a? o 8^/^05 ico0 y(iporovelv ev 
 dpxaipealais, arparrjyov? teal irrirdp'xpv<; icai Ta? /zera 
 rovrwv dp^d?, ra 8* aXXa rrdvra rcpa<ynareia$ rrpoore- 
 
 14 ray/j,e'va<; Kara -^rrjfpio'^a. 'Eyay 8e 777)09 rot/9 \oyovs 
 TOL9 rovrwv VO/JLOV v/jierepov rcape^opat,, ov vf4i<; ej/o/xo- 
 6er7](rare \vaav r^yovfjucvoi ras roiavra? Trpotpacreis, ev 
 
 ye'ypaTrrat, Ttt9 %tporovr)ra<;, <f>tja-iv t 
 (a7raVa9 eVl Trepi\afia>v ovdfiari 6 voiw6<irr)<; t 
 Kal rrpoa-enrwv ap^as drrdvas elvai a9 o bfytos %eiporo- 
 j/t), Kal roi9 emffrdras (frrjai TO>I/ Sij/j,ocria)v 
 cpyovv (ea-n Se o drjfuxrOe'vrjs rei^o7roio<; t ema-rdr^ 
 rov /j,eyi(rrov ruv epywv) Kal rravras oaoi Sia%ei- 
 plov(ri rt, rwv rrjs 7ro / \a)9 7T\eov tj rpid- 
 KovO* rj/jie'pas, Kal oaoi \a/jL/3avov<riv yyefjio- 
 via<; SiKaa-ryplcov (ol Be ra>v epywv 7ri<rr(irai 
 
 15 7raWe9 i)yep.ovia xpwvrai, SiKatrr'rjpiov) ri TOVTOVS 
 K\euei TTOieiv ; Ov SiaKoveiv, aXX* dp^eiv 8o/ctftao-^eV- 
 ra9 ev Tfo BiKaarrjpiG) (errei&r) Kal al K\rjpa)ral ci 
 OVK dBoKifUicrroi,, d\\a BoKifjiacrOelaai ap^ovo-i), 
 \oyov Kal evOvvas eyypd<f>eiv rrpos rov ypa/jL/j.area 
 
KATAKTH2I$i2NT02. 7 
 
 u? Xoyio-Tas, KaOcLTrep /cat ra? aXXa? dpx a< >> K\evei. 
 ' ' OTI Be a\7)6ri \eyco, TOV$ vofAovs vfuv aurou9 dvayvco- 
 
 0-6TCU. 
 
 NOMOI. 
 
 "Orav TOLVVV, & avBpes 'AOrjvaloi,, a? o vouLoOerr)? dp- 16 
 ovroi Trpocrayopevcocri, Trpay/jLarelas KCU 
 epyov ecmv a7TOfj,vrjiJ,ovViv teat, 
 
 TOV vo/Aov TTjOo? TTjv TOVTCov dvaiSeiciv, fcal 
 V7ro/3a\\i,v avrot? OTL ov Trpoo-Be^eaOe fca/covpyov cro- 
 
 OLOJJ,VOV prj/j,acn TOW? 
 ocrw av r^5 afjbewov Xey?; irapdvofjba jejpa^a)^, TOO-OVTG) 
 fjuei^ovos opyrjs rev^erac. Xprj ydp, & avSpes 'AOijvaloi,, 
 TO avTo (frOeyyea-Qai, TOV pr\Topa KCU, TOV VO/AOV oTav Be 
 CTepav fjbev cjxovrjv dfay 6 VO/JLOS, eTepav Be 6 prjTCop, TCO 
 TOV vdfjiov Bi/caiq) xpr) BiBovat T^V ^jnj(f>ov f ov TTJ TOV 
 
 os Be Br) TOV a<f>v/CTOV \dyov, ov (frrjai, ATJ float) e'vrjs, 17 
 /Bpa%e'a /3ov\o/jiat TrpoeiTreiv. Ae'gei, jap o5ro9, Teifto- 
 el fit, 6fjio\oya)' aXX* eTriBe'BcoKa T{J 
 e/caTov KCLI TO epyov fjuel^ov eelp- 
 Tlvos ovv el/jil vTrevOvvos, el pri 7/5 
 (TTiV evvotas evOvvr] ; Ilpbs Br) TavTvjv Trjv Trpd- 
 <f)a<riv aKOvcraTe. fjuov \eyovTos fcal Bt/ccua /cal v^ilv avfju- 
 <j>epovTa. Ev yap TavTrj TTJ TroXet OUTO)? ap^caa ovcry 
 vTr) TO jjueyedos ovBew eaTtv avvTrevOvvos TWV 
 
 KOI OTTWCrOVV 7T09 T KOWCL TTOO-eKTKvoTtoV. la*<> 18 
 
 TrpcoTOv 7n TCOV 7rapaBda)v, olov rov? iepe?? KOI 
 
8 AI2XINOY 
 
 lepeia? virevOvvovs etvat, Ke\evet, o vofws, teal 
 v aTravTa? KOI %&>p9 eWcrrof 9 Kara awaa, TOU9 ra 
 yepa uovov \ajj,/3dvovra$ KOI ra9 ei%a<; irrrep V/JLWV 7r/?o9 
 TOV9 0ov$ v%ofjievov<;, KOI ov p,ovov tS/a, a\\a Kai 
 KOivy ra ye'vy, Evfj,o\7r(,8a$ /cal K7]pvtca<; KCLI, rof9 a\- 
 19 Xou9 aTravras. IId\(,v TOV9 Tpirjpdpxov? irrrevOvvovs 
 elvai, K\evi, 6 vofjuos ov ra /coiva Bia^eiplaavra^ ovS 
 cnro TWV vfULerepcov TrpoaoBwv 7ro\\a fiev v(f>cupovfj,evov<;, 
 
 , iro- 
 
 ra 
 
 et9 rrjv Trpo? v/JLas dvr)\a)KOTas 
 
 Ov TOIVVV /Jiovoi, 01 Tpi7)pap%oii aXXa KCLI ra fie 
 
 ev rfj TroXet avvebpiwv irrro rrjv rcov 
 20 ep-^erai yfrfjfov. Tlpcorov fiev yap TTJV /3ov\r)V TTJV ev 
 'Apeiw Traya) eyypdfaiv 77/309 rou9 Xoyt<rra9 o VO/ 
 K\vei, \oyov KCU evOvvas 8tSoVat, Kai ir\v 
 
 (7KV- 
 
 Kai ro)V /JLeyKTT&v Kvptav ayei, VTTO TTJV vuerepav 
 OVK apa (TT<f)avu>6r}aeTai, rj ftov\r) 77 ef 
 Apeiov Trayov ; OvBe yap Trarpiov O~TW ouTO?9. OVK 
 apa (j)L\ori,fjLOVVTai ; Haw ye, aXX OVK ayaTrwo-iv edv 
 Tt9 Trap auTOt9 jJtf] aSiKrj, aXX eav rt9 e^aaaprdvij o- 
 \aCpvcriv ol Se vaerepoi, pTjropes rpv(j)0)o-i. Ha\iv ryv 
 /3ov\7]v, rou9 7T6VTaKO(7iov$, vTTv6vvov TreTTOirjKev o VQ- 
 21 aoOerrj^. Kai OVT&S la^ypw^ aTncrrel rot9 VTrevOvvoi? 
 O)O-T evOews dp^ouevos rwv voucov \eyec dp^rjv vTrev- 
 Ovvov <f>r)(Tt ar) aTroSrj fielv. *fl e HpaK\i,$ (VTTO- 
 
KATA KTH2I*QNTO2. 9 
 
 \djSoi, av TO), or* rjpga, pr) aTroS^/^cro) ; "Iva <ye 
 7rpo\a/3a)v xprifJLara rrj? 7roXeo>9 rj Trp 
 ^p^o'Tj. Hakw vTrevOvvov OVK ea rrjv ovaiav K,a6iepovv 
 ovSe dvddrj/jia dvaOelvai ouS* eKTrolrjTov yeveaOai, ovSe 
 t,a6ecr6ai ra eavrov ov& a\\a 7ro\\d' evl Be Xoyw 
 ^ec ra? overlap 6 vofAoOerr]? ras rwv virevOvvcov, 
 av \oyov aTroBwcn rfj TroXet. Nal, aXX* &rn Ti? 22 
 
 09 OVT eiXrjfav ovSev TWV STJ/JLOO-ICOV ovr avr}- 
 \o)K6, TTpocrrjkOe Se TT^O? TI rwv KOIVMV. Kcu TOVTOV 
 diro^)peiv /ceXei/et \oyov TT^O? TOU? Xoyto'Ta?. Kat 
 57 7T&)9 o je jj,r]$ev \a/3a)V yu-^S* az/aXwcra? aTro/cret \oyov 
 
 TT) 7TO\i ; AvTOS V7TO/3d\\l KCU $lSd(TKei, 6 J/o'yU-O? 
 
 ^7) jpd(j)6iv K\evei, jap avro TOVTO eyypafaiv, OTI 
 OVT' e\a/3ov ovSev TWV TT}? TroXeo)? our' dvr\- 
 \coo-a. *Avev6vvov 8e /cat d^TrjTOV Ka 
 ouSev ecm ra>v ev f rr TroXet. "Ort, 8e a 
 
 avrcov aKovaare T&V vopcov. 
 
 N O M O I. 
 
 "Orav TOLVVV //.aXicrra Opaavvrirai, Atj/jioaOevrj^ Xeycov 23 
 &)<? ^ta T^Z/ eTrtSoaw OVK GCTTLV V7reu6vvo$, eiceivo avrco 
 v7ro/3d\\eT6, OVKOVV %prjv ere, w J Tjfjio a Oeves, a- 
 crai jov TCOV \OJLO-TCOV Kr\pvKa Krjpvgai TO Trd- 
 rpiov Kal evvofjiov Kripvy/jua TOUTO, T/9 f3ov\6Tai, 
 KaTTjjopelv ; "Ea&ov djji^ca-ft'rjTrjcral croi TOV 
 
 /3oV\OfJ,eVOV TCOV 7TO\ITO>V <09 OVK 
 
 01- 
 
 KoSo/J,lav fjiiKpa KaTeflyKas, SeKa TaKavra 
 
10 AI2XINOY 
 
 ravra e/c TT}? 7roXeo>9 i\ij(j)a)<i Mrj 
 
 TTJV <f)i\oTiiJbiav, jj,7)Be egaipov TWV BifcacrTcov 
 
 Ttt9 "^ ?? </> f 9 e/C TO)V %et,pO)V, /-t^S* /J,7T p O (7 6 6V 
 
 TCOV vofjucov, a\\ v(7Tos 7ro\iTevov. Tavra 
 
 jap opOol rrjv 
 21 IIpos /j,ev ovv r9 /ceva? 7rpo<f)a(rei,s, a? oSrot 7rpo<f)a- 
 
 poi ore Be ovrw rjv 
 ovros eiarivey/ce TO ^^4- 
 cy/,a, ap^cov fjikv rrjv errl TOJ OewpiKco apxyv, ap^wv & 
 
 TT)V TWV Tl%07TOt,a)V, Ol)STpa<; $6 TTO) TO)V dp^toV TOVTCOV 
 
 \ojov V/MV ovB evOuvas SeSo)/fa)9, ravr 77877 TretpacroyLtai 
 v/x,a? &t,$d<T/ceiv ex TMV &7)/jLoaia)v ypa/jL/jLu,TO)V. Kai JJ.OL 
 avayvcoOt, TTI TWOS apftovros teat TTOIOV /JLTJVOS KCU ev 
 TIVL rjfjiepa tcai ev iroia KK\Tja-ia %ipoTovr)6r) 
 
 AIAAOriSMOS TON 'HMEPQN. 
 OVKOVV el fj,r)&ev eru TrepaiTe'pa) TOVTOV Selgaifjii, Si- 
 lcos av d\i(TKono Krr)ai(f)wv alpel yap avrov ov% rj 
 KdTTjyopla, rj efjLTj, d\\a TCI Syuoo-ia ypafjifjiara. 
 25 Tlporepov fJLev TOIVVV, w av$pe<? AOrfvaloL^ avnypa- 
 <eu9 r\v %eipOTOvrjTos rfj iro\ei, 09 KaO* e/cao-rrjv Trpvra- 
 veiav aTreXoyi^ero ra9 Trpoaobovs TO) BI^/AO)' Sia Be rrjv 
 7T/309 Evf3ov\ov yevouevrjv Tnanv vfuv ot eiri TO Oewpi- 
 KQV Ke^eipoTOvrjfjievoL ^px ov ^ v Trpiv 7 1 TOV Hyrjuovo? 
 vouov yeveaOat, TTJV TOV dvTiypatye'ct)? dp^r\v y rjp'Xpv Be 
 Trjv TWV CLTToBetcTwv tcai vewpiwv apfflv, Kal crfcevoQri/c'rjv 
 a>KoBouovv, rjaav Be KOL oBoTTOiol /ecu o"^eBov TTJV o\rjv 
 
ovo* 
 
 KATA KTH2I$QNTO2. 11 
 
 Sioltcrjcriv elftov Trjs TroXeo)?. Kal ov rcarTjyopwv avTwv 26 
 
 v Xeyo>, aXX* e/ceivo 
 6 //,/ z/o/40 #67-779, eaV 
 
 V7Tv6vVO$ rj, TOVTOV OVK O, TTplV CUV Xo 
 
 Sa> arecfravovv, 6 8e 
 
 air do-as ra9 * A6r}vr)<jiv ap^as ap-^pvra OVK 
 
 * 27 
 
 ica ryv rwv 
 o5ro9 TO ^77^>tcryLta eypa^fre, Kal ra Srj/jiocria 
 
 /col e?rt3oXa9 7re/3aXXe KaOaire 01 
 
 al Si,KacrT7]pla)V 7/ye/ioi//a9 eXapfiave, TOVTGW 
 VJMV CLVTOV ArifJLOcrOevrjv KCU KTrjaKpwvra fjiaprvpa? ira- 
 pe^ofjiai. 'Ejrl yap Xcup&vBov ap^ovros ap r yri\iwvQ<s 
 ^771/09 SevTe'pa <f)6ivovTO<s e/c/cX^o-/a9 01/0-779 ey/oa-^e ^77- 
 (j)icrfjLa jdtjfJioo'Oevrjs dyopdv Troirjo-at, rcov (f>v\a)v %KLpo- 
 fyopiwvos Sevrepa lara/jievov KCLL TpLTT}, /cat, eTrerafez/ ev 
 TO) ^(plcrfjLaTL eKacrr^ rwv <j>v\wv eX&tfai TOU9 eVtyu-e- 
 \rj0t]croiJie'vovs TWV epjcov ejrl rd Tel^rj Kal ra^lcis, Kal 
 p,d\a 0/3^0)9, iv 77 7ro r X^9 e^oL virevOvva crtofjiara, Trap 
 >v e/^eXXe rwv dvriKw^evwv \oyov d 
 fjioi Xeye ra 
 
 IVat, aXX* dvTi&ia7r\eKei, irpos rovro evOvs W9 OVT 28 
 Tei^o7roto9 OUT' e^eiporovriOfj VTTO rov 
 
 Kal 7Tpl TOVTOV ATjfjboadev^ fjiev nai KT'rjcr^oov 7ro\vv 
 TToiriaovTai \oyov o Se" ye 1/0^09 /5pa^u9 a cratyrjs 
 
 KOI TaV \VC0V Ttt9 TOl/Tft)Z/ TZ/a9. MlKpd $ VfUV 
 
12 AI2XINOY 
 
 so VTrep avrcov Trpwrov irpoenrelv ftovXouai. E<TTI, yap, 53 
 to AQrivaioi, Tc5z> Trepl ra? ap%<*9 ei&rj rpla, wv ev fiev 
 KCLL Traai fyavepwrarov 01 K\r)pa)roi, KCLI 01 ^eiporovrjTOi 
 , Sevrepov Se ocroi TL &i,a%i,piovcri, TWV T^? TTO- 
 VTrep Tpia/covTa ij/jLepas Kal ol TO>V Srjfioo'icov 
 
 rpi-rov & ev TO) vo^im yeypcnrTai, Kal el 
 aXXoi alperol r^ye^ovia^ SiKao-rrjpicov 
 dvovo-t,, Kal TOVTOV? ap^etv SoKipao-Q ev- 
 3ora9. 'ETre&av 8* ac^eXr) Ti9 roi/9 VTTO rov STJ/JLOV 
 K%ei,poTovT)fjLevov$ Kal TOV9 K\r)po)Tov<: ap'xpvras, Kara- 
 Xe/Trerat, 01)9 al <f>v\al Kal al Tpirrves Kal ol 877/1.06 e'f 
 aipovvrai ra &rjfj,o<Tia %pT)fj,aTa Bt,a%ipiiv, rov- 
 alperovs ap%ovTa<; eivai. TOVTO 8e ylyverai orav, 
 wcrTrep vvv, eTTiTa^Orj rt rat9 ^>uXat9, ?; Tci<f>pov<; e^epya- 
 Qa6ai rj Tpirjpeis vavTrrjyelo-Oat,. ' On, 8e a\rj6rj Xeya), 
 ef afTcoi/ T&)i/ vofuov p,a6T]<re(j6e. 
 NOMOI. 
 si ' Avapvr]v6riT6 Sr) TOU9 Trpoeiprjue'vovs Xoyov9, OTA o 
 
 //6I/ VOfjLoOe'TTJS TOU9 6/C TOW (j)V\0)V ap%lV Ke\Vl SoKL- 
 
 /u,acr$eWa9 eV TCO SiKa<rTijpi(p t rj Be IlavSiovls <f>v\r) 
 Kal reL^oiroiov dire^e^e ArjiwcrOevyv, 09 e/c 7779 
 o9 6i9 raura e^et /jLiKpov &eiv Se'K 
 8' aTrayopevei voiws apX*l v vnevOvvov fjurj 
 
 8e ofJico^oKare Kara Tou9 
 
 6 8e pr}Twp ye'ypafa TOV virevOvvov (rrefyavovv ov irpoa- 
 v 8a> \dyov Kal evOuvas, eyco 8e e'f- 
 
 TO irapavofjiov fiaprvpa^ a/za T0f9 vopovs Kat, 
 
KATAKTH2I$QNTO2. 13 
 
 ra ^^Icr^aTa KOL TOU? dvTiBi/covs irape^ofjuevo^. 
 
 ovv av T9 7repL<pave(7Tepov eTTiBel^eiev avOpcoTrov irapa- 
 
 voaa yeypa<f>oTa ; 
 
 V29 Toivvv teal TTJV avapprjaiv TOV (rrecfxivov irapavo- 32 
 /A9 evra> ^^la^aTi icekevei yiyvecrOai,, KCU rovO* v/jias 
 BtSa^co. 'O yap ro/^-o? SiapprjBrjv /ce\6vei, eav fjb^v riva 
 o-Tefyavol r) @ov\ri, ev TW ^ov\evr 
 eav 8e o 877/^09, ev TTJ eK/ckycrla, a\\oOu Be 
 Kcu fJiOL \eje TOV vopov. 
 
 NOM02. 
 
 O5ro9 o VO/JLOS, a) av$pe<? 'AOrjvalot,, /col fjuaXa /ca\a)<; 33 
 Ov yap, ol/zat, aiero Belv 6 vo/jioOeT'rjs rbv prjTOpa 
 irpos rou9 e^codev, aX\' dyaTrav ev avrfj TTJ 
 Ti/jLco/juevov VTTO rov Brifiov teal p/r] epyo\a/3eiv ev 
 row KTjpvy/jLacnv. 'O aev ovv vopodeTrj^ oura)9 o Be 
 K.Tr]cri,(f)a)V 7TW9 ; 'Avayiyvcoa/ce TO tyTj 
 
 'A/coveTe, a> avBpes 'AOrjvaloi,, OTC 6 fiev vojj,o0Trj<; 34 
 K\evei, ev TO) BTJUM ev Ilvfcvl TTJ e/CK\r)o-ia ava/CTjpvTTetv 
 TOV V7TO TOV B^/jiov aTefavovuevov, a\\o6i Be /jLrjBauov, 
 K.T7]<n,(l)Ct)v Be ev TO> OeaTpq), ov TOVS vof^ov^ f.iovov wirep- 
 ySa9, a\\a real TOV TOTTOV ueTevey/cwv, ovBe e 
 TCOV 'AOqvaicov, d\\a TpayaBwv dycov^ofjie'vcDV 
 ovB* evavTiov TOV Brj/noVj aXX* evavTtov TWV 
 
 o~vvei,Ba)o~i,v olov avBpa 
 OVTO) TOLVVV Trepifyavw Trapdvofia yeypa^w, Trapa- 35 
 
14 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 a? eya) Br)\u)crco Kal Trpoepco vjuv, f 'iva fir} \d0ijre e%aira- 
 T7)6evTs. OVTOL ydp, &>9 fj,ev ovK a7rayopvov(Tiv ol 
 
 VOfJLOl TOV V7TO TOV Srj/jLOV CTT(f)aVOV/JLeVOV /JLTj K7)pVTTl,V 
 
 efa> rr)s KK\r]aia$, ov% e^ovari \eyeiv, otcrova-i Se el? 
 T7]v aTToXoyiav TOV ALOVVGICLKOV vopov, /cal xpiyaovTai 
 
 3 TOV VOfJLOV /J,epl TLVt, K\e7TTOVT<; TJ]V CLKpOCLCTLV VfMtoV, Kdl 
 
 TrapegovTdt, vopov ovSev Trpoar^KOVTa r^Se TTJ ypa<j)fj, icai 
 \egovo-iv <W9 eto-i TTJ 7ro\ei Bvo voy^oi /cet/jLevoi irepl TCOV 
 
 et9 pzv ov vvv eya) irape^o/Mat 
 
 aTrayopevovTO, TOV VTTO TOV //iOf GTzavov^zvov fj,rj 
 /crjpvTTeo-dai, ego) 7^9 etCK\7)cria<;, eTepov 8' elvcu vopov 
 <f>r]crovcriv evavTiov TOVTM, TOV 8eSa)/coVa ifowriaif TTOL- 
 elo-OaL Trjv dvdppr)<n,v TOV <rr(f)dvov T/}ay^)8ot9 eV TO> 
 6ea.Tp(p t eav tyrjfyiGrjTai, o SrjfJios * KOTO, Brj TOVTOV TOV 
 vopov $r\<jovcri yeypa<f>evai, TOV KTT}ai<f>a>VTa. 'Eyco 8e 
 37 Trpos ' ra9 TOVTOV re^ya9 irape^ofiat <rvvrjyopov<i rou9 
 
 I/O/iOL'9 TOU9 V/JLTepOVS, O7Tp SuiT\0) <TTTOVdfyi)V TTapCL 
 
 Traaav TTJV /caTTjyopiav* Et, yap TOVTO eo~Tiv a\rj6e$ 
 
 Kal TOLOVTOV 00$ 7rapaO&VKV V/JLOJV t9 TTjV 7TO\lTiaV 
 
 OKTT' dtcvpovs i/o/iou9 ev T0t9 Kvpiois avayeypa^dai 
 Kal Svo irepl /ua9 7T/3afa)9 vrrevavTLOVS d\\r)\oi<;, TI 
 av Ti TavTrjv etVot Tt9 elvcu TTJV Tio\i.Tetav, ev f) 
 
 TavTa 7rpoo~TaTTOVo~iv 01 vo/J>oi TTOieiV /ecu fir] 
 
 33 *A\\ y OVK !, TCLv6* OUTO)9 ' ft^' U/Ae^ 7TOT6 
 
 TOcravTrjv arra^lav TWV VO/JLMV TTpo^alrjTe, OVTG 
 \rjTCU Trepl TWV TOIOVTCDV TU> vo/jioOeTT) TO* TTJV 
 Tiav KaTao~T7](7avTi t a\\a 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 15 
 
 /ca0 e/cacrTov eviavTov SiopOovv ev TCO 
 T0t>9 vd/jiovs, d/cpi/Bcos egeTao-avTas /cai cnce^a- 
 eu T9 avayeypaTTTat, VOJJLOS evavnos ere'pw 
 vo/jico 77 a/cvpo$ ev rot? /cvpiois, rj el irov eio-i VOJJLOI, 
 7T\eiovs ^09 avajejpafjLfjbevot Trepi, etcac-Tys Trpa^ecos. 
 Kav ri TOIOVTOV evpio-Kcocnv, avayeypacfroTas ev o-avicnv 39 
 etcn6e'vai, /ceXevei, irpocrdev rwv ^ETrwvvfjiccn'y TOI)? Se 
 TrpvTavei? iroielv eK/c\rjcriav eTriypa^jravras vo/jbo 
 rbv 8' e.TTia'TaT'rjv rcov TrpoeSpoiv Bca^ecporovlav 
 vai r<x> Sr/yLtft), Kai TOU9 f^ev avaipelv rwv vofjuwv, rovs 
 Se Kai a\e iTreiv, OTT&J? av et9 fj vopo? /ecu ^ 7r\eiov$ 
 7Tpafe&)9. Kat /JLOL \eje rou9 vo/j,ov$. 
 
 N OM OI. 
 
 El Totvvv, w avbpes 'AOyvcuoi,, d\r}0r)s TJV o Trapa 40 
 Xoyo9 /cai rjo-av Svo Kelfjuevot, VOJJLOL Trepi TCOV 
 rcov, ef avajfcr)?, oto/xat, rwv fJLev OeafJLoOerwv 
 e^evpdvrcov, ra>v Se Trpvraveayv aTroSovrcov TOI<$ VOJJLO- 
 dvrjprjr av 6 erepo9 TCOV VO/ACOV, rjroi 6 TTJV 
 
 e^ovalav SeScoKcos avenrelv rj 6 aTrajopevcov ' oirore Se 
 {irj$ev TOVTtoV yeye'vrjrcu, <j)avepw$ Br] TTOV e\e'y%ov- 
 rcu ov /JLOVOV tyevSrj \eyovres, a\\a KCLI, Tra^reXw? 
 dBvvara ryevecrOai. "OOev Be Brj TO tyevSos TOVTO eTTi- 41 
 cfre'povo'iv, ey&) 8t8afa> u/^a9 irpoeiTrcov wv eve/ca ol VO/JLOI, 
 ereOrjcrav ol Trepi TWV ev ra> OeaTpa) 
 
 yap TCOV ev aaTeu TpaypScov 
 , ov TretcravTes TOV STJ/JLOV, ol pev OTC crTecpavovv- 
 
 Tttl V7TO TWV <f)V\TCOV, TepOi 8' V7TO TCOV SrjfJLOTCOV * 
 
16 AI2XINOY 
 
 a\\oi Be rives vTroKijpvjfduevoi rovs avrwv oiKeras afyi- 
 ecrav drre\ev6epov<$, pdprvpas rfjs drre'KevOepias rov$ 
 42 r 'E\\7)va$ TTOiovaevoi,. *O 8' r)V eTTicfrOovwrarov, rrpo- 
 gevtas rives evprjfjLevoL ev rat? efeo TroXecri SieTrpdrrovTo 
 avajopeveaOai ore <TT6<j)avo1 avrovs 6 ^77^09, ei ovrw 
 Tvyoi, o TOJ// c Po8/a)i/ 77 Xiayv r) fcal a\\r]<; TIVOS TTO\- 
 0)9, aperrjs eveica KCU avSpayadias. Kai, TCLVT eTTpar- 
 TOV ovft &<T7rep ol inro 7^9 /3ov\rj$ T^9 vperepas are- 
 <f>avovfj,evoi *; VTTO rov Srj/jiov, Trelo-avres vfjuas Kai //.era 
 
 avrot, 
 
 43 Trpoekofievoi avev Boyfjiaros v/jLerepov. 'Etc Be TOVTOV 
 TOV TpoTrov <ruvej3aive TOVS fiev Oearas Kai, roi;9 XP^~ 
 yov? Kai TOU9 dy&v terras evo^XelcrOai, rovs Be dvaKTjpvr- 
 ro/Jievovs kv TO> Oedrpw iisitpGi rivals npacrQai roov 
 {mo rov Brifiov (rre^avov^lvwv. Tot9 ^ev yap aTroBe'- 
 Beircro rorros r) eKK\r]cria t ev y ^TIV arefyavovcrQai,, Kai 
 aTretpijro a\\oOi firjBafiov KrjpvrreaOat, ol Be avijyo- 
 pevovro evawriov drravrwv rwv 'EXk^vwv Katcetvot, 
 fiera Tfrr)(f)i(T/jiaTos, rreicravres u/ta9, ovroi B avev 
 
 44 SvwBow Biy Tt9 ravra vo/jLoOerijs rlOrjcrc VQ^OV ovBev 
 emicowwvovvra ra> rrept> rcov VTTO rov Brjuov crrefyavov- 
 fj^evwv royu-ft), ovre \vaas eicelvov (ovBe yap rj eKK\rjcrca 
 rjva)%\eLro, d\\a TO Oearpov^J, ovr evavriov rol$ rrpo- 
 repov Keifjuevois vouois nOeis (OL yap e^eariv}, d\\a 
 Trept, rwv avev ^jrrj^io-uaros v/Jiere'pov o- 
 vrro ra>v <f)v\erc0v Kai Brjuor&v KCU rrepl ra>v rovs 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNT02. 17 
 
 a7re\ev0povvTcov /cal irepi TWV 
 Kal SiapprjSrjv aTrajopevet, i^r\r oiKerrjv aTre\ev6epovv ev 
 TO) Oedrpw fjLT]0 J VTTO TWV cf>v\Tcov r) STJ/JLOTCOV dvayopev- 
 o-Tecfravovpevov, ^6' VTT a\\ov, fyrjcrij /JurjSevos, r) 
 elvai TOV K^pv/ca. tr Orav ovv aTroSe/f?; roi9 
 
 V ? \ / tf 
 
 GO 
 
 VTTO T??9 /3ouA,??9 aTecbavovuevois et9 TO 
 
 avappr)07Jvcu, rot? 8 VTTO TOV S^yLtou (TTecpavovfjievois et9 
 KK\rfaiav t rot? 8' UTTO ra)V Srjfjiorwv o~re<pavovfj,e- 
 Kal <f)v\Tu>v aTreiirrf p/r] Kijpvrreo-dai, rots Tpay<p- 
 Iva fifi^eis epavi&v (TT(f)avov<; /cat /crjpvj^aTa 
 <fu\orifuav KTarai,, Trpoo-aTreiTrrj 8' ev TU> VO/ 
 
 VTTO 
 
 KOI Sr/fj^ov Kal <f)v\TO)V Kal Brj^orcov, orav $e TI<S 
 Tavra a<f>e\rj t rl TO KaTaXeiTrojAevov SCTTL TrX^y ol %evi- 
 Kol <TT(f>avoi ; OTI, S a\rjOrj \eya), fteya arj/melov v/juv 46 
 TOVTOV ef avTwv TCOV vofiwv 7rtSe/fa). AVTOV <yap TOV 
 Xpv&ovv crTe(f>avov, 09 hv ev TO> OeaTpco TW ev aaTei 
 avapprfOrj, tepov elvai Trjs AOrjvas o vofjios Ke\evei t 
 a^)eXoyLtei/09 TOV (TTe^avovfjievov. KauToi r/9 av VJJLWV 
 TO\fJir]creLe TocravTrjv ave\ev6epiav KaTayvwvai TOV 877- 
 TOV ^AOrfvaiwv ; Mrj yap OTI 7roXt9, aXX* ou8* av 
 ovfte et9 OUTW9 djevvrjs yevoiTo 3>crTe ov avTos 
 vov afjua avaKrjpvTTCiv Kal afyaipela-Qai Kal 
 KaOiepovv. 'A\\' olpai, Sia TO geviKov elvai TOV o-re- 
 <j>avov Kal r; Kadiepcoo"^ ytyveTai, wa fjLrjSels a\\oTpiav 
 evvoiav Trepl irXelovos Troiovfjievo^ T% TraTpiSos fteipcov 
 
 Tr\v ^frv^r]V. A\\ OVK eKelvov TOV ev TTJ K- 47 
 2* 
 
18 AI2XINOY 
 
 la dvapfnjOe'vra arefyavov ov&eis KaOiepol, aXX* 
 e^ecrri, KeicrrjaOai, wa fir) JJLOVOV avros, aXXa teal ol ef 
 e/cetvov, e^ovres ev rrj ol/cta TO vTro/jLvrj/jua, fJLTjBeirore 
 Kaicol TJ]v ^v^f]v t? rov Srjfiov yiyvcovrcu. Kai, &ia 
 TOVTO TTpocreOrj/cev 6 vo/jLoOerrjs fjbrj KTjpvTTedOai rov d\- 
 \orpiov (rretyavov ev rat Oearpu), eav fjirj Tfrrj^Knyrai o 
 877/1-09, iv r] 7roXt9 T) ftov\ofjiev7) TLVCL TWV vfiere'pwv crre- 
 tfravovv TrpeVySet? Tre/z-^racra SerjOrj rov STJ/JLOV, iva wjpvr- 
 iSfj r<av ar<f)avovvrc0v vplv, brt, 
 On, 8 a 
 
 avr&v fcovcrare. 
 
 NOMOI. 
 
 48 Erre&av rotvvv e%arcaru>vre<i v/j.a<; \ejojo-iv a>9 TT/DOCT- 
 rylyparrrai, ev T&> VO/JLM e^elvau arefyavovv, eav '^r^ta-rj- 
 rai o 8^//,o9, aTro/jLvrjfjLovevere avrois V7ro/3a\\iv, vcu, ei 
 ye ere ri,<$ a\\7j 7roXt9 crrecfxivol el Be o Srjfws 6 'A0rj- 
 valo)v, aTroSeSeiKral GOI ToVo9 OTTOV 8et rovro yeve- 
 
 arreiprjrai croi efw r^9 eK/c\7j(rla<; /LM) tcrjpvrreaOai. 
 To yap a\\o@i, Be fjurjBafjiov o n eo~riv, o\rjv rrjv 
 jjfiepav \eye' ov yap a7ro8etfet9 &)9 evvopa yeypa(f>a$. 
 49 "Eo-n Se uTroXotTroV JJLOI fjiepos r^9 /carrjyoplas, efi w 
 /jLa\.i,ara o-7rou8afa) rovro Be e&riv rj Trpotyaa-is oi, rjv 
 avrov afyol a-refyavovcrOat,. Ae'yei yap ovra)$ ev rw 
 Tfr7j(f)l(rfjLari, ica\ rov KJ)pvica avayopeveiv ev ra> 
 Oedrpq* 7rpo9 roi/9 r 'E\\r]va$ ort, (rretyavol 
 avr^ov o 8^/1.09 o rcov AOrjvaicov aperrjs evetca 
 l avSpayaOtas, teal TO fie'yiarov, on, 
 
KATAKTHSISQNTOS. 19 
 
 \eycov /cat, irpaTTatv ra api&Ta rat 877//,&). 
 t A r jr\ov<$ 877 TravTaTrao-iv 6 fiera ravra rj/MV Xoyo? yc- so 
 yvTai, KOI vfjuiv aKovcracri Kplvai evpadi]^ 8e yap 877 
 TTOV TOP fjukv KaTrjyopovvTa ep,e. rovO vfuv e 
 
 elcrlv ol Kara Alulae 6 evovs ZTTCLLVQI, ^revBels Kal o>5 
 
 r y 
 
 OVT Tfp^aTO Xeyeiv ra f$e\Tt,cna ovre vvv S^areXet irpar- 
 TWV TO, av^epovra TO> S?]yLtft). Kav TOVT 7Tt8etfa), 8^- 
 yca/a>9 877 TTOV rrjv ypa<f)r]v dXwaerai, KTTJO-^COV aTraz/re? 
 yap a,7rayopevovcrt,v ol vo^oi fjLrjSeva A/rev8^ ypd/jifjLaTa 
 eyypafaiv ev rot? Brj^ocnoL^ ^frrj^icrfjiaa-t. Ta> 8 a,7ro\o- 
 rovvavriov TOVTOV Sei/creov evriv. c T/i,et9 8* 
 
 y /j ^/ /'/TTI 5.r/ 
 
 (7O"C7 TO)^ \O<ytt>V KpLTai. ^%^ O OUTW9. 
 
 ^ya> TOZ^ fjuev /3iov rov Ar)fj,ocr0evov$ e^era^eiv [la- 51 
 tcporepov \oyov epyov rjyovpai, elvcu. Tl yap 8eZ vvv 
 ravra \eyi,v, r) ra irepl rrjv TOV rpav/jbaro^ ypa(f>r)v 
 avrq> crvfJL/3ej3'rjKOTa, or eypatyaro et9 Apeiov Trayov 
 ATj/jLOfjueXt] rov Ilaiaviea dvetytbv ovra eavrq), /cat TTJV 
 r^9 K<j>a\rjs eTriTOfjLTjv rj ra Trepi, rrjv K. r rj<f>i,crooTOV 
 61 arparrjyiav KCLI TOV TMV vecov KTT\OVV TOV 6t9 r E\\rjcr~ 
 
 TTOVTOV, ore et9 cov TMV Tpirjpdp^cov Arj^oaOevt]^ Kal 52 
 7rpidy(0v TOV aTpaTrjybv 7rl r^9 vecos Kal avacrtTcov Kal 
 
 <rvv0v(i)V Kal (7V<r7rev$a>v, Kal TOVTCDV dt,co0els Sia TO 
 TraTpiKos avTO) <f>i\o$ eivai, OVK wKvrjaev air eiaayye- 
 \4tt9 avTOv KpLVOfJbevov Trepi, OavaTov KaT^yopos yeve- 
 crOat, KOL TavTa TjSrj TCL Trepi MeiStav Kal TOVS KovSv- 
 \a/3ev ev 777 op^rjcfTpa xopyyo? &v, Kal &>9 
 TpiaKOVTa pvcov apa Trp> re t9 avTov vfipiv 
 
20 AI2XINOY 
 
 teal Tr}v TOV ^J^JLOV KaTa%LpOTOViav, r)v ev Aiovvaov 
 53 KaTe%eipOTovr)cre MeiSiov. Tavra fiev ovv pot 
 Kal Ta\\a ra TOVTOLS ofj,oia V7rep^r\aea6ai, ov 
 
 TOV awva /caTaaio/jivo<;, a\\ eitelvo 
 
 
 <j)0/3ov/j,evos, firi poi Trap V/JLWV aTrairrrpri TO $o/celv 
 a\r)6rj \eyeiv, dp%aia Be KCU \iav 6/JLo\,oyoi>/j,eva. Kai- 
 TOI, w KTVJCT^COV, orq> ra fjieyio-Ta TWV alcr^pwv 
 
 earl inara Kal jvwpifia rot? CLKOVOVO-W ware rov Karr\- 
 yopov /JLT) Sofcelv tyevBrj \eyew, d\\a ira\aia Kal \iav 
 7rpoa)jj,o\oyr)fj,va, Trorepa avrov Set %pv(rq) crT<j)dvq) 
 aT(j)avc06r)vai, r) ^eye&Oai, ; Kal ae TOV ^evBrj KO\ 
 jrapavofjia TO\fjLO>VTa ypafaw TroTepa ^prj KaTafypovelv 
 TCOV Sucacrrrjpiwv, r] Stfcrjv Trj iro\i Bovvai ; 
 54 Tlepi 8e TWV BTJ/JLOCTICOV dSiKTjfjLciTcov Treipda-ofjuii <ra- 
 <f)(TTpov eiTreiv. Kal yap TrvvOdvoftai, 
 <jQivr)v, eireiSav avTois 6 Xoyo? aTroSoOfj, 
 7T/309 v/jLas w? apa Trj TToKei rerra^e? 
 
 ev 0*9 auro9 TreTroX/reirrat. *flv eva /j,ev 
 
 TOV XpOVOV V W 7T/309 ^l\t7T7rOV V7Tp 
 
 7roXe&)9 e7ro\fjioviiiv TOVTOV 8' d<f>opi^Tai TOV xpo 
 TTJ yevo/juevrj eiprjvrj Kai avfifJua^Lciy rjv $i\OKpaTrj<; 6 
 
 /eat auro9 o5ro9 fier exetvov, 
 
 55 eyco e/fft>. AevTepov Se Kaipov <f>rjcri yeve'aOai, ov 
 
 V / NJ/ C^-v' ' / 
 
 ypovov TTJV eiprivnv, OTI\OVOTI iie'vpi T??9 Tiu,epa$ 
 ev y KaTa\vcra<$ Tr)v vTrdp^ovaav eipyvrjv Trj 
 o5ro9 pr\TO)p eypatye TOV 7ro\epov TO'I- 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNTO2. 21 
 
 rov be ov eiroXefJiovfjLev ^povov /u>e%pi> TTJS arrvyias T^? 
 ev Xaipwvetq, reraprov Be TOV vvv irapovTa /caipdv. 
 Tavra Be Karapi,6/ji,7icrafJ,evos, o>? aicov<t3 3 /-teXXe^ fie ira- 
 pa/ca\e2v /cat, eirepcorav OTTOIOV rovrcov TCDV rerrapcov 
 avrov Kdip&v Kari^yopco /cat, TTOTC avrov ov ra /3e\- 
 
 KCLV 
 
 ajroKpivacrOai,, aXh! eyKakvTrTcojjiai, /col d7roS(,&pd<7KQ), 
 e/c/caXutyew pe ^cn 7rpocre\0a)v Kal a%eiv eVl TO /Srjf^a 
 K.CLI avayicacreiv aTTOKpwacrOai,. Iv ovv jjLr,6 ovros 56 
 iO")(y pt&Tai, vfjii<f re TrpoeiSrjre eyco re a 
 evavriov aoi rcov Swao-rav, Ay po a 6 eves, KCU rcov 
 
 OCTOL 
 
 yeyovev wiraicoveiv rrjaSe rrj? tcpiaecos 
 Be OVK o\lyovs irapovras-) aXX* ocrou? ov&els TTW- 
 
 nrpos ywva 
 ort djravTcov TWV Terrapdov Kaiowv 
 
 aov, ovs av Siaipfj, KOLV oi re 6eoi OeKwai /col ol 57 
 i ef tcrou rj/jLwv dicovcrwcri /cdyco fivvco/jiai airo- 
 d <JQI crvvoiba, TTOLVV TrpoaBoKco eTTioei^eiv 
 BLtcacrra^ rrjs fJ^kv crcorrjplas Ty TTO\I, TOVS 6eov<$ 
 alriovs yeyevTjfjievovs KCU rovs <f>i\av6pa)7rc0s KCLI />te- 
 rot? T^? TroXeo)? Trpdj/juao-c xpTjo-a/jievovs, rcov Be 
 
 aTrdvrcov A^fJioaOevriv aunov 
 Kal %pri<ToiJb(U rfj rov \6yov ra^ec ravrrj rjv TOVTOV 
 irvvOdvofjbai fjLe\\eiv iroielaOcu,, Xefw Be irpwrov Trept, 
 TOV TrptoTOv Kcupov Kal Sevrepov irepl rov Bevre'pov /cal 
 rpirov Trepl TOV efagrjs /cal reraprov irepl rwv vvv 
 
22 A 1 2 X I N O Y 
 
 TTpayfjiaTcov. Kal Srj CTravayco e/ 
 v, rjv o"v Kdi $i\OKpaTT)$ eypatyaTC. 
 yap eeyevT av, w avSpes ' AOrjvalot,, Trjv irpo- 
 Tepav e/ceivrjv elprjvrjv 7roir)cracr0ai, /z-era KOIVOV avve- 
 Sptov TO>V f E\\7]va)V, i Tt^9 vfjias elaaav TrepijjLewai ra9 62 
 Trpeo-jSetas 0.9 ^re etf7re7ro//,<oT9 KCLT e/celvov TOV icaipov 
 et9 TTJV c ?XXaSa, 7rapa/ca\ovvT^ errl 3>l\i7T7rov, yLtera- 
 o"^elv e E\\rjviKov crvvebpiov /cal TrpolovTO? TOV 
 irap e/covTcov TWV '-EXX^z/roz/ aTro\a^eiv Trjv f] f 
 Kal TOVTCOV direo-TepriO^Te Sea ^rjfjLoaOevrjv Kal 
 KpaTrjv Kal ra.9 TOVTCOV Sa>poSo/aa9, a9 eScopoSoKfjaav 
 59 avaTavTes eiri TO STJ/JLOCTCOV TO vpeTepov. El Se TKTIV 
 vfjiwv %ai,(f)vrjs aKova-aaiV a7riaTOTpos 
 6 TOiovTO? Xoyo9, eK6ivco$ T7]V vrroKoiTTOv 
 
 dfcpdao-t,v, co<T7rp oTav Trepl xprjfidTwv dvrf^wfievwv Sta. 
 
 TroXXou ypovov KaOe^w^eOa CTTL TOU9 \oyi(r/j,ovs. Ep- 
 ^QfjieOa 8r] TTOV ^euSet9 oiKoOev evioT 
 KCiTa TCOV \oyicrfjL(t)V * aXX* o/z&>9 7rei$av 6 
 crvyKecj)a\ai,ci)0f}, ouSa9 t]i^wv eciTiv OVTCO VCTKO\O<; TTJV 
 cfrvcriv, 6crTi9 OVK a7rep%Tai, Tovd oyL6oXo'y7]cra9 KCLI 
 eTTwevcras d\rj0e<; elvai o TL av auro9 o Xoyt(7//,09 alpfj. 
 60 OVTCO Kal vvv TTJV ciKpoaa-LV TroirjcracrOe. El Tives 
 K TCOV e/jiTrpocrOev %pdvcov TIKOVCTLV olicoOev Toiav- 
 T7]V Sdt;av, a>9 apa 6 Arj^ocrOevr]^ ovbev 
 
 elp1JKV VTTep ^tX/TTTTOL' <TVCTTa<$ fJt,6Ta <&C\,OKpa~ 
 
 TOU9, - 0<7T9 OVTCO SiaiteiTai, /JLf]T aTTOyVCDTCO 
 
 KaTayvcoTco irpiv dfccvTy ov yap Blrcaiov. 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTOS. 23 
 
 eav e/j,ov Sia /3pa%ea)V aKovcnjTe vTroiJUjJLVrio'KOVTO^ rov? 
 Kaipovs Kal TO tyrifaa-fia Trape^ofjievov o JJLGTCL 3>CkoKpd- 
 TOU9 eypa^jre Arj/jiocrOevr]?, eav airro9 o rrjs a\7]Qeia<s 
 ejKaraKa^dvrj rov Arj^oaOevrjv irXeiw peis 
 Ta ^Tj^lafjiara $i\OKpaTOV$ Trepl rr;? e^ p%^9 61 
 /col avfifia^la^j tcaO* VTT6pj3o\r]v Se aia^yvr]^ 
 KKo\aKVKOTa <&i\t,7T7rov Kal rot"? Trap' e/ceivov Trpe- 
 cry8et9 ov/c ava/jLeivavra, CLITIQV Se yeyovora TO) Srj/jL(p rov 
 fjt,rj yu/era tcowov avvebpiov TWV t E\\r\va>v Tro^aaaOac 
 elprivrjv, e/cSorov Se ^iX/TTTrw TreTroirjKoa Kepao- 
 
 rbv Qpaicri<$ /3a(Ti\ea, avSpa 
 -TI TroXet, eav rav6' vytiv cra0a)9 e 
 v/j,a)v /jierplav Serjcriv eTTivevcrcne JJLOU Trpo? Oewv 
 
 TQV TTpWTOV TtoV TTTClpQ)V KdlpOOV fl^] /CttXcG? dVTOV 
 
 7re7ro\iTevaOai,. Ae^co Be bOev fJiaXia-ra 7rapaKO\ov6i]-> 
 acre. 
 
 "Eypatye $i\OKpaTr]s e^elvai ^tX/TTTTft) Sevpo /cripv/ca 62 
 Kai 7r/3e0-/3e? TrefiTrew Trepi, etpr^r]^ Kai cru^a^ta? 
 TOVTO TO ^ri^icrfJLa ejpa^rj Trapavoficov. 'IlKov ol rrjs 
 Kpio-ews xpovoi Karrjjopet, fjiev AVKLVOS o jpa^afjievo^, 
 aire\ojelTO Se ^tXo/cpaT?/?, avvaTreXoyelro Be Kal AT]- 
 cnretyvye QikoKpaTT]?. Mera ravra ejrrjei 6 
 evravO eicrep^erai j3ov- 
 
 TO ovevTriov rjLoo-evr?, ovre 
 
 
 ovr eTTtXa^cor, aXX e/c TrapacrKevr)? irpiafjievos, v et9 
 airavTa Kal \eyot, Kal 7rpdrrot> QiXoKparei, 
 eSec^e TO epyov. NIKO, yap erepov ^Tq^ncr^a 63 
 
24 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 , ev o> tce\evet, e\eaOai Be'tca Trpecrpeis, om- 
 z>9 dfatco/jievot, TTpo? <&i\t,7T7rov dgiaxjovcnv avrov Sevpo 
 avrotcparopas Tctywreiv inrep TTJS eiprjvijs. Tov- 
 rjv Aifj^OdOevr]^. Kd/ceWev e 
 
 
 elpr\vr)s, KCU ravra ro?9 
 
 yei\, /cat ^ovo? rwv {3ov\vrcov eypatye 
 
 TO) KTjpVKl TO) OTTO TOV ^iXlTTTTOV KCLI TOi9 
 
 aKo\ov9a ypa(j)Ci)v ^L\OKparei 6 fjue'v ye TTJV e^ovaiav 
 
 $a)K TOV Sevpo /cripvKa /cal 7rpe<T/3et9 7re/jL7r<r6ai) 6 
 
 64 8e TTJ Trpeo-fieta crirev^erai. Ta 8e fjuera ravra jj&rj 
 
 acfro&pa fjioi, TOV vovv Trpocre^ere. E7rpaTTTO jap ov 
 
 7T/309 T0f9 aXXoi/9 7Tp(7^^ TOL>9 TToXXa (TVKO(j)aVTrjQeV- 
 
 T9 v<TT6pov etc /-66Ta/3oX?;9 VTTO ArifjLoo-Oevovs, aXXa 
 7T/309 $i\OKpa.Tr)v Kol Ar)fjioo~6e'i"r)v, el 
 TrpecrftevovTas, a/j,a Be TCL 
 
 6 / 7Tft)9 p<r) Trepi/jLeiwrjTe TOVS TrpeajSeis ou9 
 
 
 9 7rapatca\ovvTes et ^XtTTTroi^, iva pr] 63 
 a\\a>v t E\\r\vayv t aXX* l&la Trot^a-rjaOe Tr]V 
 65 elprjvrjv SevTepov 8' 07ra)9 ^ fiovov TT)V eiprtvrjv, aXXa 
 /ca^ (jvpiiaylav elvat, TJrrj(j)ielo-0e Trpbs <&l\i7nrov t 'iv ei 
 Trpoaeftoiev rw 7r\r]0ei TO) v/jueTepw, 6^9 TT^V ecrj^a- 
 yLtTrecroiev aQv^iav opwvTes vfJias aurof9 y^te^ ?ra- 
 paKa\ovvTa<$ ejrl TOV TroXe/xor, ot/coi 8e /AT; p,6vov 
 yrjv, aXXa /cat av^af^iav e^rj^io-jjievov 
 TpLTOV be o7Tft)9 Ke/30-oySXe7TT779 o Opafcrjs /3aai\evs 
 ecrrat evop/cos, yu^Se peTeaTai r^9 o-v^/JLa^la^ teal 7779 et- 
 p7]i/7;9 auroS. Ilaprjyye'XheTO ' ^87; ITT* auroz/ o-Tpa- 
 
 
 reia. 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 25 
 
 Kal TavO* 6 fiev e^covov^evo^ OVK rjSl/cei, (rrpo yap 66 
 TCOV op/ccov teal TCOV avvOrjKcov dvefjLe<T7)TOV rjv avTco 
 ra avfjicftepovTa), ol 8' aTroSd/Aevoi, /col /ca- 
 TCI rrjs 7roXeo)9 io")(vpa fjiejak^ 
 7)<jav a^iot,. C O jap /ucraAefai'Spo? vvvl <j)d- 
 elvai /cal Tore fj,i,o-o<f)l\i,7r7ro$ ATjfjLoaOzvr]'?, o Tr\v 
 %eviav epol Trpofa'pwv Trjv 'A\%dv$pov, ypdfai, I/TT}- 
 fyicrpa, Toy? Kdipovs T^? TToXew? vcfraipovfjievos, etc- 
 K\rjaiav Troieiv TOT)? Trpvrdveis rfj oy&dy Mrra^eWW 67 
 rov 3 E\a(j>7)/3o\i,(0vos prjvos, or rjv roS ' Ao-fcX.'rjTria) rj 
 6vcria Kal 6 irpoajtoVf ev rfj lepa rj/juepa, o irpdrepov 
 yevofjuevov, rwa irpofyacnv Troirjcra- 
 ; f Iva, fyricrw, eav rj^rj Trapuxnv ou 3>i\L7r7rov 
 Trp ecr/36i9, fiovXevo-rjTai, 6 8^09 e9 ra^tcrra irepl 
 
 T0)l> 7TO$ iTTTTOV, TO 69 OV7TO) 
 
 vpwv v7TOT[jivo/jL6Vo<? /cat TO TTpaj/Jia 
 
 iva pi) /JLTa TWV aXkcov ( E\\riv(t)v 7rave\6dvTcov TCOV 
 v/jLTe'pcov TTpe'crpecw, d\\a JJUOVOL TTOirfo-rjcrOe Trjv elprj- 
 vr\v. MeTa 8e Tavra, w avSpes 'AOiyvaioi,, r\KQV ol 68 
 ol Se vpeTepoi, aTre^rnjiovv Trapa- 
 
 VLKO, 4r][jLoo-0evr)s, ev a> ypdfyei fMr) 
 IJLOVOV vTrep Trjs ipr}vr)<s y a\\a /cat, 
 
 JJLTJ TrepijjLevavTas TOVS Trpeo-eis TOVS 
 v^Tepovs, aXX* evQvs /Ltera TO, Aiovvcna TCL ev 
 3 
 
26 A 1 2 X I N O Y 
 
 TT) oySor) Kal evar?) eiri $e/ca. "On, 8' d\r)6rj 
 a/covaare ra>v 
 
 TOLVVV, <w ' A6r)valoi, 7rape\7]\v0ei ra Aiovv- 
 cna, eyiyvovTO Se al /cK\r)crtcu, ev &e rrj Trporepa TCOV 
 efCK\T]o-ia)v dveyvtocrOr) 8oy/>ta ^rrj oy$or) eirl Se'ica^ KOL- 
 vov TWV crvfjL/jLd%c0v, ov TO, K(f>d\ai,a Bt,a ftpa^eco 
 irpoepco. TIpwTov ftev jap eypatyav inrep eipT}vr]<$ 
 fjiovov J3ov\vcra<j6ai, TO 8e T?}? ffV/^fUf^W ovopa virep- 
 e/3?icrav, OVK 7ri\e\r]cr/JLevoi,, d\\a real TTJV elprjvrjv 
 dvay/ccuorepav r) KaXkiw viro\afi^dvovre^ elvai, 7ret- 
 
 70 ra airj}VTir}Gav op9a><; lacro/Jievoi, TO Armoo-Oevovs Scapo- 
 So/CTj/jia, Kai Trpoaeypa^frav ev TW BOJ/JLCITI, egelvcu TO> 
 /3ov\o/jiev(t) TCOV *E\\rivu>v ev Tpiai fJLrjcriv et? TTJV 
 avrr]V GTr\bjr)v dvayeypdcpOat, per 'AOtjvaicov Kal ne- 
 re'^eiv rwv optcwv Kal rwv crvv6rjfca)v, &vo peyiaTa 
 TTpOKaraXafjiftdvovTes, irpcorov fJLev rov %povov TOV rrj^ 
 TpijJ/rjvov Tat? TWV *EXk.rivwv Trpeafteicus LKCLVOV ye- 
 vea6ai Trapao-Kevd^ovres, t-Treira TTJV TWV ' 
 evvouav rfj WXet pera tcoivov <rvve&plov 
 
 iv el TrapaftalvoiVTO al avvOrJKa^ pr) /JLOVOL 
 dirapdcTKevoL TroXe/^rJcra/^e^, a vvv rjfjilv iraQelv crvve- 
 fty Sid ATjfjLOffBevrjv. ''On 8' d\r)6ri Xeya), e| avrov 
 TOV Soy/Aaros d/covcravTes paOriaeaOe. 
 AOTMA 2YMMAXGN. 
 
 7 1 Tovrq) TO) Soy/Liari, o-vvenrelv o/^oXoya), Kal TraWe? 
 ol ev TTJ irpOTepq rcov KK\7jcncov Bijjjbr)jopovvTe<i Kal 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 27 
 
 roiavrrjv TLVCL 
 
 fjiev i) eiprivrj, Trept, Be (TV/A^a^ias OVK apetvov 
 Sia rrjv TWV 'EX^-r^av irapd/fXijaLV 
 
 8e tcoivfj fjuera rwv ^XXtrjvayv aTravrcov. 
 
 ev yu-eo-ft), /col Traprjfjiev rfj vcrrepala et? rrjv 
 aiav. 'EvravQa Srj irpoKaTaKa^dvaiV A^ 
 TO /3r)pa, ovftevl rcov a\\a)v TrapaXiTrcov \oyov , ovbev 
 64 o^eXo? <f>rj rwv %^e? elprj/jLe'vow elvai \oya)V, el 
 * ol 
 
 
 
 ov8e yiyvaxr/cew e^rj TTJV 
 
 Ov jap e(f)rj Selv (icai jap TO prjfjLa fjLej 
 
 arjSiav TOV \ejovro<$ afia KCLL TOV ovo- 
 elpr\vr)<; rrjv (7VfJifjia%lav, ov& 
 ra TWV E\\7}va>v avafjieveiv /ieXX^aTa, aXX 77 TTO- 
 \jjL6iV auTOL/9 rj rrjv elp-rivrjv ISia iroizicrQai. Kal 
 re\evTcov evrt TO /3r)/jia Trapatca'Xeo-as Avnirarpov 
 epMTTjfJia TI rjpcoTd, TTpoeiTTMV fjiev a epr\creTai, irpo- 
 Si$das Se a %pr) Kara T^9 7ro / X&)9 aTTOKplvacrOai. 
 Kai TeXo9 Tavr evl/ca, TW jjikv \oja) Trpopiacra/jievov 
 evovs, TO Be ^fni^icrfJLa jpa^ravro^ $i\OKpa- 
 
 avrols, e(70e7rTr)v 73 
 
 Kal rov 7rl Sparer}? TOTTOV GK^OTOV iroir\(jai t /cat TOUT 
 eirpa^av eKTT) (j)6tvovTO$ TOV E\a<f)r]l3o\i,(iovo<; /jLyvos, 
 Trplv 7rl Tr)V vcrTepav airaipeiv Trpeaftetav Trjv ejri, 
 Tot9 op/covs A^jjLoa-Oevrjv 6 jap //,to~aXef avSpo? KCLL 
 
 e cbraf, o vvvi fce\eucov TCOV 
 
28 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 MarceSovcov /caraTrTveiv. JBt? Be TTJV efCKkycnav, rrjv 
 rrj c/cTr) \eyco, /caOe^o/jievos /3ov\VTT}<? wv etc Trapa- 
 
 74 eTTOirjcre. AavOavei yap 6 fiev ^ikotcpaTrj? ev 
 fiera TU>V a\\cov 
 
 ev oS yeypaTrrat, CLTTQ- 
 
 Sovvai, Be TOt>9 opicovs rot? Trpea-fteai, rot? 
 Trapa Q^nnrov ev rySe rfj rjfj,epa roi/9 o-vvs- 
 Spovs TCOV <rv jjLfjLaxtov. Hapa Se Kepao/3\e- 
 TTTOV (TvveSpos OVK eKaOrjTo ypatycis Be rof? crvve- 
 Spevovra? ofjivvvou rov K.6pcro/3\e7rTrjv ov <rvve$pevov7a 
 7$ efe/cXeicre rwv op/cwv. "On 8' aXvjO?) Xeyw, avayvcoOt 
 fJLOi r/9 rjv o ravTa ypa\jra<? teal T/9 o ravra eTTt- 
 
 A. HPOEAPO2. 
 Ka\ov, a> avSpes *A6j]valot, /ca\ov rj 
 
 (f>v\atC7] afcivrjrov yap eari /cat, ov O-V/JL- 
 rot9 avrop,6\ov(n,v Iv rrj TroXtre/a, aXX* 
 rco SrJyLtw, oTrorav /3ov\r)rai, crvvi&elv rovs 
 ev Trovrjpovs, e/c /jLra/3o\r]<; 8' aftou^Ta9 elvai 
 
 76 'TTroXotTroz/ 8' eery/ /Jioi TrjV /co\a/celav avTov Sie- 
 feX^etf. A^fjuocrOevr]^ yap, w avSpes 'AOyvaloi, eviav- 
 TOV f3ov\evcras ovSefuav TrcoTrore (fravelrai, Trpecrffeiav 
 et9 TTpoeSptav Ka\ecra<;, aXXa Tore TTpcorov /col JJLOVOV 
 7T/)eo-/3et9 et9 TrpoeSpiav eWXeo-e /tat Trpoafce^aXaca 
 KOI <f)owi,tclas TrepieTrerao-e /cai apa ry ypepa 
 
KATAKTH2I$ftNT02. 29 
 
 TO 19 TT peer ft caw ei<$ TO Oearpov, Mare K<U av- 
 Sea rrjv do"^rjfjLoo-vvrjv Kal K0\cucei,av. Kcu 
 or arrrjeaav et<? &T]/3a<?, efjaorOwaaro avrols Tpt,a ^evyrj 
 opifca Kal TOU9 Trpeo-fteis TrpovTre^^ev 6i? Orjffas, Ka- 
 Taye\a(TTOV rrjv iroXiv TTQIWV. "Iva 8* e-TTt T^? VTTO- 
 wo), Xa/3e //-ot TO ^^icrfjia TO Trept 7779 
 
 A. 
 
 Toivvv, w avSpes * AOyvaloi,, 6 Trj\LKovTO<$ TO 77 
 Ko\a Trpajro? Sta TWV /caTacr/coTrcov TCOV TCCL- 
 pa XapiSrjfjiov TrvOofievos Ti]v <&t,\i7T7rov Te\evTit]V TCOV 
 fjbev Of.wv avfji7r\acra<; eavTw evuTcviov Kare^evaaTOy w? 
 ov Trapa XapiSrifjiov TO TrpajfAa TreTrvcrfAevo?, a\\a 
 rrapa TOV Aib<$ teal TT;? ' ' A6rjva^ y ou? /-tefl' rjpepav 
 vvKTwp (prjcrlv eciVTto $id\eyeo'6ai, KOI TO, 
 , vrpo'Xe'yeiv, e/BSojmrjv 8' rj/jie'pav r^9 
 TT\evTrjKvia$, TCQLV TrevOrjcrai, KCU, 
 TCL vo^i^p^eva 7roifj<rai,, o-Tecfravtoo-a/jievos tcai \evftrjv 
 
 e.<jQr\Td \a{$(DV eftovOvTei KCU irap^vofjiei,, Trjv fjLovrjv o 
 8e/Xato9 Kal TTpwTrjv CIVTOV TraTepa rrpocreiTrova-av airo- 
 Xecra9. Kal ov TO $v<mrfflf*a oveio'ifo, a\\a TOV 78 
 TpoTrov eferafa). 'O yap /McroTefcvos KCU TraTrjp TTO- 
 vrjpos OVK av 7TOT6 jevoiTO Sijfjiaycoybs Xprjo-Tos, ov&e 
 6 Ttt (j)L\TaTa KCU, olfceioTaTa crwyu-ara /JLTJ o-Te'pywv 
 ovBeiroO vjjias rrepl TrKeiovos TcoiJ\(jeTai TOU9 aXXo- 
 Tpiovs, ov$e ye 6 iBla Trowrjpos OVK av TTOTC yevoiTO 
 65 Srj[jLO(Ti,a XpTjcrTos, ouS' S(TTi<s eoTTiV oiKOi <f>av\o$, 
 3* 
 
30 A 1 2 X I N Y 
 
 ?]V ev MaKeBovta Kara TTJV Trpea/Betav 
 yaOos ov jap TOV TpoTrov, aXXa TOV TOTTOV JJLOVOV 
 
 79 TloOev ovv eiri rrjv fj,eTa/3o\r)V r]\6e TWV Trpa- 
 y/jLaT(i)V (ouro9 yap ecrnv 6 Sevrepos tcaipos), Kal rl 
 TTOT ecrrl TO alnov OTI ^i\OKpaT^ /jiev UTTO roov 
 avrwv 7ro\LT6v/jLarci)v AyfjiOdOevei fyvyas air 
 
 yeyevrjrai,, A^^oo-Oevr)^ Se eirecmj rcov 
 
 , KOI TroOev TroO 7?/xa? et? ra? aru^ta? o 
 avOpcoTTOS eyitySeySX^/ce, ravr rjSrj SiafapovTO)? 
 
 80 afyov eaTLV aKov&ai,. */29 jap ra^Lara eiaco Hv\u>v 
 
 7rap7j\0 teal ra? re ev $G)Kvai, 
 
 vfuv eSofcei, Trepcurepa) TOV /caipov KCU, TOV 
 o-vpcfiepovTos laxvpovs KaTecricevacrev, v/JLel? Be ex TWV 
 dypwv fyoftrjOevTes eo-fcevaycoyrio-aTe, ev rat9 
 8' rjcrav aiTiais ol TTpeafieis ol TTJV elpr]vr)v 
 erai/T9, TTO\V 8e TWV a\\a>v SiafapovTO) 
 Kal AijfjLoaOevrjs oia TO pr) fiovov TTpeafleveiv, a\\a 
 si Kai, TO, "^(f)lo-fjLaTa yeypa<l>e'vcu (crvvejBri 8' ev rot9 
 povoLS SiafyepecrOai, TI ArjfjLoo-Oevrjv Kai *tXo- 
 o"%e$bv vTrep TOVTCOV vjrep a)V Kai, vpel? av- 
 vTrcoTTTevcraTe Sieve^6r)vai,J ToiavTys Se efJLTTi- 
 apaxfjs //-era TWV crv/JicfrvTWV vo&TjfjiaTcov au- 
 T&) 77877 ra yitera TavTa efiovKeveTO, /^era SetX/a9 Kal 
 T779 7T/309 $i\OKpaTr]v VTrep TIJS SwpoSoKias %r)\oTV7rlas, 
 Kal rjjricraTO, el TWV crv/jiTrpeo-flevovTwv Kai TOV 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 31 
 
 TTOV /caTrjfyopo? avafyaveirj, rov ftev $t,\OKparrjv 
 Xo>9 aTToXeladai, rovs Be aXXoi>9 o-v^Trpear/Be^ tcivBv- 
 vevaetv, avros B evBoKifirio-eiv KCLI TrpoBorrj? cov r&v 
 (j)i\cov teat, TTQvrjpos TTLO-TO^ ra> ST^O) ^>avt](jeaQai. 
 
 8* avrov ol rfj TV)? TroXew? 7rpoo-7ro\e- 82 
 a aafJLevoi 7rapeKa\ovv eiri, TO /Sr^a, rov 
 dScopoSdfctjTov ovofjid^ovTes rfj TroXet o 8e Trapiciw 
 avrot? eveSiSov TroXe/zou /ca^ Tapaxfjs. Ovros 
 ecrriv, a> avSpe? ' AOrjvaloi, 6 irpa)TO<$ e^evpcov Seppiov 
 
 teat, Aopiaicov Kau Epjio-Krjv KCLI 
 l Tdvos /col Tavl&a, ^(opia a>v ovSe ra 
 
 Trporepov. Kat e? TOVTO (frepcov Trepiecrrrjo-e ra 
 
 war el 
 
 avrbv (>r T9 Troew?, e 
 
 7re/ji7retv, aXX ov TrpecrfBeLs. El Se ITTL- 83 
 e6e\ot> vroXet nvl lay /coi ofjuoiq irepl ra>v 
 , ovtc elvai Kpirrjv icrov rjfuv e^rj Kal $i- 
 r A\ovwr)(TOV &i$ov o 8' cbTTi^jopeve IJLTJ Xa//.- 
 fidvew, el StScoa-w, d\\a /jur) diro^i^aicn, Trepl crv\\a/3a)v 
 Kal TO re\evTalov <TTe(f>ava)<ras TOU? 
 " Apiaro^r]^ov els SeTrakiav Kal Majvrjo-lav Trapa 
 rrjs eip7}vr)<$ a-vvOrj/cas eTno-rparevcravra^ rrjv /ACTS 
 Lp7]vrjv $i,e\vcre, T^V Be crvfjityopav /cal rov 7ro / Xe//,oi> 
 Trapea-fcevaaev. 
 
 Nat, aXXa ^aX/^ot9 /cal dBa^avrivoi^ rel^ecnv, 9 84 
 avT09 </>^crt, rrjv ^pav rjfjbwv eTet%i,cre, ry TWV Ev/3oe'cov 
 KCLI @r)/3alo)v crvfjifjia%ta. '^XX*, w avSpe? ' 
 
32 AI2XINOY 
 
 Trepl ravra rpla /jLeyiara ^SiKrjcrOe Kal /jt,a\iaTa rj 
 STrevScov 6 elTrelv Trepl rrjs 6avfj,a(TTrjs 
 
 , iv 
 
 Evffoe'wv TTpcorov /j,vr)(r()r}crofj,ai. 
 
 'Tyu-et? y/>, w ' AOrjvaloi,, 7ro\\a Kal fieyaXa T)$(,KTJ- 
 fjLevoi VTTO Mvrjo-dp^ov rov XaX/ctSeo)?, rov Ka\\iov 
 Kal TavpoaOevovs Trarpos (ou? ouro? vvvi ILIG&QV \a- 
 elvcu roX/^a ypdfaiv^, Kal 7rd\iv VTTO 
 TOV Eperpiecos, 09 TJ/ACOV ip7]vrj<; ova^s 
 'flpwTT^ov d(f>ei\ero, TOVTCDV eKoirres 7ri\avOavofj,evoi, 
 7ret8^ Sieffrjcrav el? Evfioiav Orjfiaioi, KaraSov\(oo-a- 
 (?6ai ra? TroXef? Treipcofjuevoi,, ev TreWe rjfiepais efioijOri- 
 
 arare avTols Kal vavdl Kal Tre^fj Swapd, Kal irpiv rpid- 
 
 Kvpioi, T?;9 Ev/3ota<; yevdpevot,, Kal T09 re Tro 
 
 Kal SiKaia)<; rot9 Tra- ce 
 
 e'vois, ov% r/yovfjievot, SiKaiov elvai rrjv opyjjv 
 
 86 dirofjivrj/jLoveveiv ev TOO TTiaTevOrjvai. Kal rr)\iKav&' 
 v<f> vfjiwv ev TreTTOvOdres ol XaX/ctSe^ ov ra9 o/Wa9 VJM.V 
 cLTreboa-av %dpi,Ta$, aXX* erreiSr] ra^icrTa Sie/BrjTe et9 
 Ev/3oiav n\ovTap^(i) poTjOrjcrovres, T0f9 ftev 7rp&)TOf9 
 
 oVoi/9 aXX* ovv TTpOGeTToiovvO' VJMV elvai <f>l\oi,, eVetS^ 
 et9 TajJivvas 7rap7)\0o/j,ev Kal TO KorvXaiov 
 0/309 V7rep/3d\\ofjiev, evravOa KaXX/a9 o 
 v<; (ov ArjfJLOffOevrjs /jLi(70apvwv 
 
 87 Op&V TO (TTpaTOTTeBoV TO T?79 7TO / X6ft)9 69 Ttl>a9 
 
 p/a9 KaTaKeK\et/Jievov t 06 ev pr) VIK^GCLGI /Jbd^rjv OVK rjv 
 
KATAKTH2I$GNTO2. 33 
 
 ovSe jSoriOetas eXvrt? OVT e/c yrjs OVT e/c 
 6a\aTTr}<$, o-vvayeipas e aTcaat]^ rrjs Ev/3oia<; arparo- 
 ireSov Kai Trapa 3>iki7nrov Bwafuv irpoaaeTa'jreiJb'^raae- 
 z>09, o T aeX<o9 avrov Tavpoadevr]?, 6 vvvl Travras 
 /cal TTpocryeXwv, TOW $COKI,KOVS %evovs Sia- 
 cras, r)\6ov ecf) T^ias &>9 dvacprjaovTe^. Kai el 83 
 fir] TrptoTov [lev 6ea)v rt? ecraxre TO <TTpaT07re$ov, eVet^' 
 ol GTpaTitoTcu ol vpvrepoi Kai Tre^ol Kai ^TTTret? avBpe? 
 ayaOol eyevovro KOI Trapa rov iTTTroSpofJiov rov ev Ta- 
 fjLvvaw e/c Trapara^ea)^ ^XV K P aTr i (7ai ' T( > atyelcrav VTTO- 
 (nrovSovs TOVS TroXe/uou?, eKiv&vvevaev av rjjjtwv r] 
 aKT"^iG"ra TraOelv ov yap TO 
 
 Kara 
 
 eo-Ti, /caicov, a\\ oTav rt? Trpos 
 
 
 ava^lovs eavrov Sia/civo'vvevcov a 
 
 elvai, Tr)V a-VfJL^opdv. '-4XX* 0/16)9 vfi,els ToiavTa 
 oTes ira\(,v BLeXvcrao-Oe Trpos avTovs. 
 wv Be o-vyyvcD/jLTj^ trap* vuwv Ka\\ias 6 Xa\Kt>- 89 
 
 \IV fj/ce fapouevos et9 
 Tr)V eavTOV <j)ixn,v, Evftolfcbv /JLev rw \6ya) crvve'Spiov 
 6t9 Xa\iclSa (rvvdycov, lo")(vpav Se Trjv Evffoiav e<f> 
 vuas epjM TrapacrKevd^cov, e^aipeTov 8' aura) Tvpav- 
 . Kai TavTrj? e\7rta)v o-vvaya)- 
 et9 Ma/ceSovav 
 
 irepirjei fieTa ^tXtTTTrou, Kai, TWV eTaipcov efc a>z/o- 
 
 %TO. ' A$i,K7]o'a<; Se QiKiTrrrov KaKelOev aTroSpas vTre- 90 
 Xey eavTov cfrepow @rj/3aioi,$. EyKaTa\t,7rcov 8e 
 Kelvovs, Kai 7rXe/of9 TpaTcouevos TpoTras TOV Evpt- 
 
34 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 TTOV Trap bv (pfcei, et? ueo-ov Turret, -7-779 re Grjpaicov 
 
 /cai, Trjs $i\i,7r7rov. ATTO^WV Bon 
 w, icai 7rapayye\\ofjievrjs err avrov 77877 
 
 e\7riBa XOLTTTJV KaTelBe o-a)Tr)pias evopKOV \a/3eiv 
 TOV Brjuov TCOV ' A6r)vaiu>v, GvyLpayov 
 porjOrio-euv el Ti9 CTT avrbv loi o 7rpo&rj\ov 
 91 JJLCVOV, el p,ri vfj,eis KO)\vaeT. Taura Se 
 a7ro(7Te\\i, Sevpo TrpeVyQet? T\avKerr)v /cal 
 Scova /cal AioSaypov TOV 8oXt^oSpo/Lt7;o-ai^ra, fa'povra? 
 TO) fikv Bri/jL(D e\7T/Sa9 Kevds, drj/jLOffOe'vet, S' dpyvpiov 
 
 \* \>/ rrf/^>9<\r/ . 
 
 teat, Tot? Trepi avTov. 1 pta C rjv a a/ta egayveiro, 
 
 TOV pev fir) St,ao-(j)a\rjvai TT}? TTpos vfias 
 
 ovSev yap rjv TO yitecro^, el /J,v7}<r6el<; rwv Trporepajv dSi- 
 
 V7rrjp%ev avrw rj <j>evyet,v etc Xa\#/8o9 ^ reOvdvai ey/ca- 
 Ta\ij<j>QevTi, TTJXifcavrai, Swa/teis CTT avrov eTrecrrpa- 
 revov, 77 re $tX/7r7rou /cat Qrj{3ala)V. Aevrepov 8* 77-oi/ 
 ot /JLiaOoi TO) ypa^jravri rrjv o~v/A/J,a%iav VTrep TOV fjirj 
 (TvveSpeveiv 'AQrivrjcri, Xa\KiBeas, TpiTov Be wcrre urj 
 92 reXeti/ o~vvTd^et<;. Kai, TOVTCOV TCOV 7rpoat,peo-ea)v ovBe- 
 /u,ta9 aTrerir^e Ka\\/a9, a\V o fJLio~OTVpavvo<s Arj/jiocrOe^ 
 1/779, W9 auro9 TTpocrrroieiTai, (ov <f>r}(ri, Krr](n,(^wv ra 
 
 93 
 
 \eyewj, dir&OTo /j,ev roi/9 
 
 7roX,e&)9, eypa-^re B ev Trj o-vaua^ia /3or}6elv 
 Xa\K&ev(ri, prjua povov avTt,rcaTa\\a!;a/j,evos, OVT\ 
 TOVTCOV evcfrrjutas eveica Trpoa-ypa^jras XaX/Sea9 ^077- 
 Oelv eav Tt9 77 CTT AOrjvaiovs ra9 Be o-vveBpias KOL 67 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 35 
 
 Ttt9 avvTa^eis, ef wv icr^yaeLV o TroXe/409 
 apBrjv aTreSoTO, KaXkia"roi<$ 
 Kal T&> \dyqy 
 
 irporepov iroielaQai rot9 aet, 
 
 a r9 evepyeatas. "Iva 8' ev elSrjre ore d\rj6rj 
 \eyco, \a/3e JJLOI, rr]v K 
 
 dvayvcoOt, TO tyrj 
 
 KCLI 
 
 
 TOIVVV TOUT <TTA SciVOV, t KCUpOl, TreTTpaVTCH, M 
 
 Kal crvveSpiai /col crvvTageis, d\\a TTO\V 
 rovrov Seivorepov V/MV <j>avr}creTai o /le'XXa) \ey6iv. 
 yap TOVTO f JTpoj]')(jdr] Ka\Xta9 fJt>e 
 
 Kal 7r\0^6f/a9, AijponOetnfi &e, ov 
 VJ BcopoSofclas, ware ra9 ef flpeov 
 /col Ttt9 ef ^Eperpias, ra Se/ca ra\avra t opcovTcav (j)po- 
 
 VOVVTC0V /3\7TOVTO)V \aOoV VfJiCOV V(f)e\.dfJLeVOl, Kal TOU9 
 
 e/c TMV 7rd\d)V TOVTWV avv&povs Trap V/JLCOV fJbkv dve- 
 crTrjcrav, ira\iv Be t9 XaX/c/8a /col TO Ka\ovpevov Ev- 
 ftoitcbv ow&ptov Gvvrfya^ov. *Ov Be Tpoirov Kal Si 
 yrj^jLaTCOv, TavT 77877 aidv eaTiv dtcovcrai. 
 yap 777309 vfjuas oviceTt, $H dyye\a>v, aXX* 95 
 o KaXX/a9, Kal 7rape\0a)i> et9 Tr]V KK\,r)alav Xo- 
 you9 Bierj\6e KaTeo-Kevacrfievovs VTTO 
 Elire yap 9 tfxoi, eK He\OTrovvricrov vecocrTi 
 els eicaTov Ta\dvTU>v TrpdcroBov eiri 
 
 oaov 
 
AI2XINOY 
 
 uev Trdvras Kal Meyapeas e^/covTa raXavra, ra<; 8* 
 
 GG ev Ev/3ota TroXet? diracras TerrapaKovra e/c Be TOVTCOV 
 
 TU>V %pr)/JLaTCi)V vjrap^eiv Kai vavritcrjv /cat, Trefyv Bvva- 
 
 jiiv elvai Be TroXXou? /col aXXou? TMV 
 
 tcowwvev TTS o-vvraea)^ ; ere ovre 
 
 /uarcov ovre err par LCD? wv eaeaOai cnropiav. Kai, rav- 
 TO, fjikv ra (fravepd' Ufa Be /ecu Trpd^eis Trpdrreiv ere- 
 pas Si diroppriTwv, Kal TOVTU>V elval rivas /JLaprvpas 
 TCOV rjinereptov TroXtraj^, /col re\evTa>v ovofJLao"rl TrapeKa- 
 Xet At]fjioo-0evrjv Kai avvenrelv r)% iov * 
 
 97 'O Se cre/Jivccs TTCLVV 7rape\0o)v TOV re Ka\\iav virep- 
 eiryvet, TO re airoppriTOV TTpocreTro^craTO e&evai rrjv 
 8 etc UeXo7rowT]crov Trpeafieiav, rjv eTrpe&ftevcre, KCU 
 rrjv ef ^Aicapvavias ecf)rj j3ov\ecr6ai, vjuv a7rayyel\ai. 
 'Hv 8 avrq> Ke<f>a\aiov TWV \o<ya)V Travras fjuev IIe\o- 
 Trovvrja-tov? vTrdp^ew, iravras 8 AKapvavas o-vvrera- 
 
 eVt ^/TUTTTTOI/ v<j> eavrov, elvat, Be TO o-v 
 
 fjuev et? e/caTov vea>v Ta^yvavTOvawv 
 Kal et? Trefou? cTT^artwTa? pvptovs KOL LTnreas yi- 
 
 98 X/OU9, virdp^eiv Be Trpos TOVTOIS Kal ra? TroXtr^^a? Bvvd- 
 /jiew, eK Il\07rovvr)crov i^ev TrXe/oi^a? TJ Bt,o"%i\LOV 5 oTrXt- 
 ra?, ef *AKapvavias Be eVe/oou? TOCTOVTOVS BeBoaQai, Be 
 CLTTO TrdvTcov TOVTCOV TrjV rjje/jiovlav V/JLIV Trpa^Orio-eaOai, 
 Be TavTa OVK et9 jjuaKpdv, aXX* et? TTJV eKTijV eTrl BeKa TOV 
 ' Av6eo~T r ripiwvQ<$ fAqvos ' eiprio~6ai, jap ev rat? Tro\eoriv 
 vcj) eavTOv Kal 7raprjyye\6ai, TrdvTas yKeiv <rvveBpev- 
 
 99 GOVTas ^AOrjva^e el$ Tr)V r jravo~e\ i r)VQV. Kai yap TOVTO 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 37 
 
 av0pa)TTo$ L&IOV /cal ov KQIVQV iroiel. Ol pev jap 
 aXXod. d\aoves orav TI ^evScovrai,, aopiara /cat, a 
 Treipwvrat, \eyeiv, (froftovuevoi, TOV e\ey^pv 
 
 8* orav akatpvevijTai, irpwTOV p^ev fA@* op/cov 
 i, ea)\t,av enrapw^evo^ eavra), Sevrepov e, 
 a ev olSev ovSeirore ecropeva, ToXyu-a \eyeiv d 
 
 OTroV eVrat, Kai a)V TQ crw/^ara ov% ecopa/ce, rov- 
 ra ovojJLdTa \eyet,, K\e7TTQ)v TTJV aKpoaaiv Kai 
 
 rov? TOiKfY]Qri Xeyoz/ra?. Aio Kai o- 
 ecrTi, fjbio'eldOaij OTL irovrjpb^ wv /cal ra 
 
 eia $ia(f)6etpei,. 
 Tavra S' enrtov Sibroaw avajvwvai ->|r9]<^tcryu,a TO> 100 
 rypajji/JiaTel fiaicpoTepov [JLGV rrjs 'JX/aSo?, KevoTepov Be 
 TCOV \oyo)v ov? eiwOe \4yetv Kal rov jBiov ov 
 68 pecrTov 8' e\7ri8cov OVK eaopevtov /cal 
 
 ovBeTTore crvKkejricrofJLevwv. ATrayaycav 8 v/j,as airo- 
 6ev aTTO rov /cXefji/AaTos /cal avaKpejJidaas dirb TU>V 
 \7n,S(t)V, evravOa Srj o-vaTpetyas ypafai, K\6vcov 
 e\eo-0ai, Trpecr/rtet? et? Eperpiav, oirwe<; Serjaovrat, 
 TCOV 'Eperpiecov (TTOLVV yap eSet SerjOfivai,^, fMjicert 
 SiSovai rrjv avvrafyv vfuv ra irevre rakawra, d\\a 
 Ka\\ia, KCLI 7ra\iv erepov? aipeiaOai et? flpebv TT^O? 
 rof? '/2/3e/ra9 Trp e'er flew, omz/e? Serio-ovrat, TOV avrov 
 A07]vatoi<? (j)l\ov Kau e^Opbv voy^i^iv elvau. "ETreira 101 
 avacfratverai, Trepi, aTravrcov ev T&> tyrjffrio-fiaTi, TT^OO? 
 TO) Kke^fian <ypai\ra<? /cal ra TreWe rd\avra TOU? 
 afyovv TOU? flpelras arj vpAVy a\\a Kd\\la 
 4 
 
38 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 8 a\r)6ri Xey&>, d(f)\cov TOV KO/JLTTOV 
 fcal TcW Tpiripeis Kal T^V d\a%ovelav dvdjvcodt, Kal 
 TOV /eXe'yLfc//,aT09 cutyai, o v<j>el\eTO 6 /-ua/309 KOI dvd 
 
 , ov <>r)(ri, rrja-iwp Ka ev 
 
 SiareXew \eyovra /cal irpdrrovTa ra apiara ra> 
 
 A. 
 
 102 OVKOVV ra9 /^ez/ Tpirjpeis KCU Trjv- irefyv arparuav 
 Kal TTJV Trava-eX.'rjvov /cal rou? crvv&povs Xoyw r)Kov- 
 crare, ra? 8e crvwrd^eis TWV av/jL^a^wv, ra 8ea ra- 
 Xaz^ra, pyq> aTrcoXeVare. 
 
 103 ^TroXoiTTOv Be fjiol ecrTiv euTrelv OTI \a/3a)v rpia rd- 
 \avra fjucrdov TTJV yvay/Ji'rjv ravryv eypatye Ar^jioaOevri^j 
 Tokav-Tov fj,ev e/c XaXiciSos irapa Ka\\iov, rd\avTov 8' 
 ef 'Eperpia? irapa K\irdp^ou rov Tvpdvvov, rd\avrov 
 3e ef 'D,p6ov, Sio /cal Karafyavrjs eyevero, 
 
 iravra irpaTrovrwv yu-era 
 
 er//,aTO9. 'E%avr)\c0f4evoi, jap ev TO) 
 
 
 Kdi 7ravre\a)s aTropcos SiaKeifjuevoi, 
 avrov rvcoo-iSrjfjLov TOV Xapiyevovs VLOV rov 
 os TTOTC ev flpew, Serjao/Jbevov avrov TO 
 ev rd\avrov d(f>elvai rfj TroXei, e7rayye\ovfj,evov 8' 
 104 avro) %a\Krjv eitcova a-raOriaecrOat, ev 'flpew. ( O Be 
 dfreKpivaTO TW rV&xriSrjyiift) on e\a%i<7Tov %a\KOv 
 ovdev BeoiTO, TO 8e rd\avrov &ia TOV KaXXtou ei,<T7rpaT- 
 reiv. AvajKa^o/jievoL Be 01 flpelrai KCLI OVK evTropovv- 
 T69 inreOecrav avr& TOV Ta\dvTov Ta 
 
KATAKTH2I$flNT02. 39 
 
 o'Soi>9, Kai TOKOV qvey/cav ATjfJLoaOevei, rov 
 //,aT09 8pa%fjLr)v rov [JLTIVQ? r?}? JJLVCLS, eo>9 TO 
 
 . Kai ravr CTrpd^Orj ^e-ra cryLtaTO? rov 
 
 i/uiov. "On 8e ra\7]6rj Xeyw, \djSe poi, TO 
 
 Tovr earl TO "\]rri(f)(,(r/jia, w avSpes 'AOrjvaloi,, ai- 105 
 vvr) jj,ev T^? Tro'Xea)?, eXey^o? 8e ov fjurcpos 
 
 o\i,Tv/jidT6)v, <j>avpa 8e Karrjryopi 
 Toy yap ouTft)? aia^pw^ ScopoSoKOvvra OVK 
 eo~Tiv avSpa ^eyovevai d<ya6ov, a TTo\fjLrjKV OVTO? 
 ypatyai, ev TO) ^rj^ta-^aTi. 
 
 EvravO* %&rj reraicrat, KO,L o Tpnos TCDV icaipcov, 106 
 
 8 o TTOLVTCOV iriKpoTaros ^povos, ev a> 
 
 K.ai TTJS 7roXea>9 
 
 TO tepoi> TO e 
 a&iKov Se /cat ou^a/^w? to~?7f T7^y Trpo? OrjjSaiovs 
 
 Be CITTO TCOV et9 TOV9 6eov<$ 
 
 avTov Tr\'rjfjLfjL6\,r]fjLdTcov \eyew. 
 
 Ecm, yap, w avSpes ^ AQ^vcdoiy TO Kippcuov two- ior 
 
 /co v o y{w eato-T09 /ffal 7ra- 
 
 ez/09. Tavrrjv TTOTC 
 
 K7]crav Kippaloi, Kai 'AfcpayaXktSai, yevrj 
 rara, oi et9 TO tepoz/ TO e^ Ae\fyol<$ Kai TCL dva6r]iJLaTa 
 rjaeftovv, e^rjfMapravov 8e /cat et9 TOU9 Au<fn,KTvova<?. 
 'AyavaKTricravTe? 8* ?rt T0t9 yiyvofjievow jjiakio-ra ftev, 
 W9 \eyovrai, OL irpoyovot, ot v^erepoi, eTreira Kai 01 
 
40 AI2XINOY 
 
 aXXoi Afji<f)LKTvoves fjuavreiav e/jLavTevaavro Trapa TOJ 
 Oea), Tivi, yjpj] Tificopia Toi>9 avOponrovs TOUTOV? /-tereX- 
 108 Oelv. Kal avTols avaipei rj HvOia 7roXe//,etz/ Kippaiois 
 Kal *A/cpa<ya\\t8ai,s iravr Jj/jLara Kal Trdaas VVKTCLS, 
 KCU, Tf]v ^wpav avTwv eKTropOrjaavras KCU avrovs av- 
 SpaTroSicra/jLevovs avaOelvat, r<x> ' A7ro\\a)vi, TCO TlvOia* 
 /cat, AprefjuSi, KCU ATJTOI Kai AOrjva Upovoiq TTL 
 
 
 Trcrr) epya, Ka ravTrjv rr)V X^pav -/JLTIT avTov? ep- 
 
 a\\ov eav. 
 
 8e rov ^prjcr/Jiov ol A/jt(f>i,KTvoves e- 
 
 etTroWo? *AOrpaiov rrjv 
 3O9 Kal vo/jLoOeTrjaai, Svvarov Kal Trepi 
 Kal <f)Ckoao$>iav SiaTerpi<f)OTO<;, eTTLcrrpareveiv eVt TOU? 
 109 evayels Kara TT\V pavreiav rov 6eo\j /cat o-vvaOpolo-av- 
 T? Svva/j,i,v iKavrjv TWV 'A/jLcfriKTVovayv efyvbpaTroSi- 
 <ravro TOW dv6 ptoirovs KOI TOV XtyiteW e%cocrav Kal 
 
 oX 
 
 rrjv TTow avrwv Kareo-Kaav Ka rr)V xapav avrwv 
 
 rl 
 
 Kara TTJV fiavreiav Ka err TOVTOL? op- 
 KOV co/jLoaav icr^ypov /JLT)T avrou rrjv ipav yrjv epya- 
 
 <Tcr6ai /jLTfT aXXw eTTLTpetyeiv, aXXa ftorjOricreiv TOJ 
 
 0ea> Kal rr) yfj TTJ icpa Kal X^ipl Kal TroBl Kal Trdcrrj 
 
 no Swa/met,. Kai, OVK aTre^pTjcrev avrols rovrov povov rov 
 
 V ofjiocrai, aXXa Kal TrpoaTpoTrrjv Kal dpav \<ryypav 
 inrep TOVTCOV tTroiricravTO. TeypaTrrat, yap OVTGOS ev TTJ 
 dpa t el T9 rdSe (frrjol Trapaftaivoi, r) ?roXt9 */ 
 iSicDTTj? ?) e6vo<$, evayrjs <f>rj(riv ecrTco TOV 
 
 'A 7TO XX 0)1/0 9 Kttl T?}9 > -4jOT6 / /Z,t8o9 Kttl AT]- 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNTO2. 41 
 
 TOU9 Kal *A6ijva<; Upovoias. Kal eTrev^erai in 
 M]T yrjv /capTrovs cfrepeiv jjurjre yvvaiKas re/cva 
 yovevcriv eoiKora, d\\a repara, /Ltrjre /3oovo?- 
 Kara (pvaiv <yova<$ iroielcrQcu, r\Trav 8e avrols 
 
 7TO\/J,OV KCU SltCCOV KCU CLOCOV, Kttl 
 
 Kai avrovs Kal al/cla? KOL yez/o? TO e/cewcov. Kai, 
 (>r)cri.v ocr/w? Ovaaiev TO> 
 
 ry 'ApTe'faSi, fji^jSe rfj ATJTO? 
 
 Tlpovota, fiySe Seffaivro avrols ra 
 lepd. "On, S' d\r)0rj \eja), avayvwOi, TTJV TOV Qeov 112 
 fiavrelav. 'A/covo-are TT}? dpa?. ' ' Avafjuvrio-6r)Te ra>v 
 ol irpoyovot, pera TWV *AfjL<f)i,KTvdva)V 
 
 MANTEIA. 
 
 Ov TTplv TrjaSe 770X7709 epei^rere Trvpyov eXoWe?, 
 Tlpiv y 6eov Te/jLevrj KvavcoTTiSos ^A^LTpir^ 
 Kvfjia 7roTiK\vty K\aSovv iepalo-iv TT a/era??. 
 
 'OPKOI. APA. 
 
 Tavrr]<; r^9 dpas Kal TWV opKcov Kal rrjs /AavTetas 113 
 vayeypajji^vwv eW KOI vvv, ol AoKpol ol 
 fjia\\ov Be ol irpoecrrrjKore^ avrwv avSpes 
 , eTreipya&vro TO TreSiov, Kai rov 
 
 TOV e^ajKTTov Kai eTraparov iroCkiv erefyicrav Kal crvvq)- 
 Kiaav, Kai re\rj TOU9 KaraTrKeovras efeXeyoi/, Kai 
 
 , wv et9 v\v Arjjuoo'Qe'vrjs. XeiporovrjOel? yap 114 
 
 irapa 
 
 4* 
 
42 AI2XINOY 
 
 ev 
 
 TU>V A/i,(f)io-o~e(i)V TOV fj,r)$fuav fiveiav ire pi 
 
 rot? A^iKTVOQ-i Tcon}<jacrQai. AitoiJLO\oyri6'r] ' avrco 
 
 KOI et? TOV \oi7Tov 
 
 rov evuavTOv e/cacrTOV JJLVCLS SIKOGI TCOV 
 
 o-evcriv 'AQrivycri, KCITO, TrdvTO, TpoTrov oOev eW fia\\ov 
 r) 7rpoTpov o-vfjL@e/3r)/cv avTw, OTOV av 
 dvBpb? 77 iSiwTov rj Svvd&TOV rj TroXeo)? 
 fJLewrjS, TOVT&V e/caaTOV? aviaTQis KaKois 7rpi/3a\\eiv. 
 us ^Sfce^fraaOe Srj TOV Saltiova KOL TTJV Tv%rjv, ocrto T 
 TCOV *A/j,(f)icrcrea)v dae/Bela^. 'JEvrt yap 
 'XQVTOs, iepofjivr)/jLovos OVTOS ALO^VT^TOV Ava- 
 7rv\a<yopov<; vfJiels ei\e<r6e MeiSiav re 
 Kelvov TOV 'Avayvpdcriov (ov e/3ov\ojj,7jv av TTO\\COV 
 eve/co, fy~jv), KCU QpacrvK\ea TOV ef Otou, /cat TpiTOV 
 8e //-era TOVTWV e/^e'. 2vve'/3rj 8* rj/juv dpTio)$ JJLCV 
 ei? Ae\<f)ov<; a^l^ai, 7rapa%prj{JLa Be TOV 
 AioyvrjTOV TrvpeTTeiv TO 8 avro TOVTO 
 lie teal TW MecSiq. Ol 8 aXXot o-vve/cd07]VTO 
 
 ves. 'E^TjyyeXXeTO 8' TJ/MV irapa TWV /3ov\Ojneva)V 70 
 evvoiav evBet/cvvaOai, TTJ TroXet, OTL ol ' Afjifyicro-eis VTTO- 
 Tore /cal Seiva)? OepcnrevovTes TOU? @rj- 
 elaefapov Soyfjia KCLTO, 7^5 vp 
 TrevTT}KOVTa TdkdvTOLS fyjfMtocrai, TOV Brjfjuov TCOV ' 
 valcov, OTL xpvaas ao-TT/Sa? dvedefiev Trpos TOV tcaivov 
 vecov Trplv egeipydcrOai, KOL eTreypd^ra^ev TO Trpoarj/cov 
 'AOrjvaioi diro Mr/Boyv /cal 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNT02. 43 
 
 ore TavavTia rot? tf E\\7j(riv e^d^ovTo. Me- 
 TaTreptydfAevos S' e//,e o lepo^vri^Kov f]%lov ei 
 
 649 TO (TVV&plOV Kal ellTelv Tl 7T/309 TOU9 ' 
 
 vas inrep Tr)$ TroXeo)?, Kal avrov OVTCO 
 9 Ap%ofj,evov Se pov \eyew Kal irpoOv^orepov TTW? 117 
 etcreX^Xu^oro? et? TO (rvvlSpiov, TWV a\\wv 7rv\a- 
 ryopcov i^eQea"rriKOT(i)Vj dva^o^aa^ TIS TWV A^to-o-ecov, 
 
 /cat, 009 e//-ot ecfralvero, ovSe- 
 
 avrov 
 
 ye, (j)rj, & avSpe? f/ JB\X7;ve9, el 
 
 ou8* av wvo fJbd^eTe Tovvofia rov ^r\^ov rcov 
 
 'AOrjvaitoV ev raicrSe rals rjfjuepais, aXX* o>9 
 
 ^./ \' f * V A ^ 
 
 eva<yei,$ egeipyer av K TOV lepov. Ajjua oe us 
 rcov $(OKe'ct)v crvpfjia^la^, rjv o Kpco- 
 eypatye, Kal d\\a TroXXa Kal Svo"%eprj 
 Kara rrf^ 7ro / Xeo>9 Siegyei, Xeycoi/, a eyw oure ToV Kap- 
 re'povv aKovcov ovre vvv r)$ea)s fiefanf/MU avrcov. 
 
 'AKOvcra? Se OUTW Trapco^vvOrjv (09 ovSeTTMTror ev 
 ). Kat Toi/9 /^ez/ aAXou9 Xo / yoL'9 UTrep- 
 7rrj\6e 8' oSz/ /Ltot eVt T^y JVW/JLTJV fjLVTj- 
 * Apfyicra-etov Trepl rr)V yrjv ryv lepav 
 las, Kal avToOev earrjKco^ eSeiKVVov Tot9 '-4yU-^>^- 
 KTVocriv (yiroKeiTai yap TO Kippalov TreStov TO> t|oc3 
 /cat e<rr*V evavvoTTTOv). 'Opar, ecfrrjv eye*, a> av- 119 
 Afji(j)i,KTvov e$, e^eipyacTfjuevov rovrl TO 
 VTTO T>V Afju<pt>cro'ea)v Kal 
 
44 AI2XINOY 
 
 real av\ta* opare rot? o(f)6a\- 
 TOV e^djtcTTov Kai eirapaTov \i^eva 
 tcfre TOUTOL^ avrol [KCLI ov- 
 Sev ere'pcov Belcrde /maprv pwv), reXrj Trejrpa- 
 ^ora? /cat xpri/JLara \afJLf3avovras e/c rov 
 iepov Xt/z,ei/o9. r 'A/j,a Se avayiiyvwaKeiv eKe\evov 
 fiavreiav TOV 6eov, rov bpicov rwv Trpoyo- 
 
 120 vcov, rrjv dpav rrjv ^evo^vr)v t Kai Biayp^o/JLrjv ort 
 
 ejco {lev VTrep TOV STJ/JLOV TOV 
 
 TOV <7a>yu-aTO9 feat, TWV TCKVCOV Kat, 
 ?}9 epavTOv fSor)6w Kara TOV bpKOV 
 @6a> Kai Ty yrj TTJ iepa Kai X 6L P^ 
 l Kai <f)a)vf} Kai Trao~LV ot9 Svvaiiai, 
 Trjv iro\iv TTjv rj/JiTepav TO, 7T/309 TOf9 Oeovs 
 a(j)o<7i(o' vfjiels B VTrep VJJLCOV avTayv rjBrj ftov- 
 \eveo~6e. EvrfpKTat, /juev TCL Kava, Trape- 
 Be rot9 /3&>yu,ot9 TO. 6v/j,aTa, //.eXXere & 
 lv TOU9 6eov<$ TayaQa Kat Koivfj 
 121 SKOTretTe Srj TCQ'ICL (fxavfj, TTOIO, ^f 
 ,, Ttva TO\fJ,av 
 
 TOVTOVS 
 
 
 cvayes Kat rat9 apat? evo%ov<$. Ov jap 
 Bt atvty /JiaTcov, aXX evapycos yeypaTTTat ev TJJ 
 apa KaTci re TO>V aa-eprjo-aVTayv, a %pr) TraOetv 
 avTovs, Kai Kara TWV eTrtTpe^aVTcoVy Kai 
 T\evTalov ev Ty apa yeypaTTTat, /jtvj&* ocrta? 
 Ovcratev ol fjirj TtfJbcopovvTes, fojirl, TW *Airo\- 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 45 
 
 \COVL fiTjBe rfj 'Apre'uiBi, /myBe rfj ArjTol 
 
 *A6r}va npovola,) fir] Be Be^aivro avr&v ra 
 
 t / 
 tepa. 
 
 Toiavra /cal Trpos TOVTOIS erepa iroXka Bi%e\0ov- 122 
 TO? e/jiov, eirei^r] Trore aTrrjXXajrjv KCU, /jLerecrr'rjv etc 
 rov (7VV$piov, Kpavyrj 7ro\\r) Kal 6opv/3os ?}V rwv 
 * ApfyiKTvovtov, KOL o Xoyo? r\v ov/ceri, Trepl TMV acrtri- 
 Scov a? T^eZ? dveOefiev, aXA,' rjBrj irepl TTJS TWV 
 
 ' HSrj Be iroppco TTJS 
 
 7rpocre\6a)V o /crjpv^ avel'jTe, Ae\<fywv OCTOL eVt 
 tcai Sov\ov$ KOI e\ev6e'povs, r t KeiV apa 
 a/ma? /cal Si/ce\\a^ Trpo? TO Ovrelov 
 etcel /ca\ov/jievov /cat 7ra\iv o auTO? /cr]pv avyyopeve 
 T0t9 lepofJLvrifJLOva^ KOI, irvKayopovs tf/ceiv els rov avrov 
 71 TOTTOV jSofjOricrovras TCO 0eq> /cal rrj JTJ rfj lepa 7]Ti$ 
 B av pr) Traprj TroXis, eip^erac rov lepov /cal 
 evayvjs eon a i KCLL rrj apa evo^os. Ty Be vare- 123 
 paia rjKOfiev ewOev et? TOZ^ Trpoeiprjpevov TOTTOV, /cal 
 els TO Kippalov TreBtov, /cal TOP \ifjLeva 
 /cat, ras oitcias e[JLirp7](javres ave%a)- 
 povp.ev. Tavra Be rj^cov TrparrovTcov ol Ao/cpol ol 
 A/ji(j)i,(7o-eis, e^Kovra crraBta airoOev oucovvres Ae\- 
 fywv, Tjfcov e<j> rjfjLas peO 07r\cov TravSrjfjiei, /cal et fir) 
 BpofjiM /JLO\IS e^ecfrvyofiev et? Ae\<j)ovs, e/cwBvvevcrajjiev 
 av airoKeaOai. Tfj Be eTTiovo-rj rj/mepa Korrv<pos o 124 
 ras yvoj/jias e7n,tyr)<f)i,a)v eKK\,r](7iav eTroiet, TWV A/m- 
 <f)i/CTVovcov (eKKKycriav jap ovojJLafyvcnv, orav res ^ 
 
46 AI2XINOY 
 
 povov TOU9 7TV\ayopov$ /cat, rov 9 iepo/j,vr]fjiova<? 
 
 \eo~rj, d\\a Kal TOU? avvQvovTas /col %pa)/jie'vovs TO> 
 
 * 776*77 7TO\\al fJLeV TWV ' 
 
 eytyvovTO KaTrjyoplai, 7roXu9 8* eTrawos %)V Kara 
 r)fj,Te'pas TroXew? reXo? 8e Traz/ro? TOU \djov 
 &VTCU rjiceiv TOU? iepopvr}[JLOva<; Trpo rrjs 
 TTvkata? ev prjrw %pov(p et? IlvXas, e^oi/ra? Bo 
 read* o TI Sl/CTjv Swaovcriv ol * A^Hjaiis vTrep S>v 
 et9 TOV Oeov Kai rrjv yrjv TTJV iepav KOI TOW 'A/ji- 
 . f On Se a\r]6r) \ejco, ava- 
 
 yvwaerai, vfjuv 6 ypapparevs TO 
 
 125 Tov SoypaTO? ovv TOVTOV diroboOevros v<f) i]pw 
 rp /3ov\fj /cat, Tra\iv ev rfj e/c/cXTjcna rat S^w, Ka 
 Ttt9 7rpafet9 TI^WV aTToBe^afjievov TOV 77/401; /ecu 777 
 7roXeft)9 Trao-779 irpoaLpov^vrj^ evcrefieiv, 
 (rOevovs \nrep TOV fjLeaeyyvrjfjLaTos TOV eg 
 dvTi\e'yovTos Kal epov favepw? evavTiov VJULCOV efe- 
 \ey%ovTO<;, erreibr] etc TOV <f)avepov TTJV TTO\IV a 
 7T09 OVK rjbvvaTO o~(f>ij\ai,, ei&eXQcov et9 TO 
 piov Kal jJLeTao-TTjadiJbevos TOU9 tSt<wTa9 K(f>e'pTat, 77730- 
 
 TOV 
 
 126 ypd-fyavTOS direiplav TO 8' auTO TOVTO Kal ev 
 
 KK\7jcrla SieTrpdgaTO eTrity'rjfao-Qrjvai, Kal yeve'crOai, 
 77877 eTravaaTaarjs Trj<$ eKKXijcrta?, 
 e/juov (ov yap av TTOTC eireTpe^ra) Kal 
 7ro\\o)v Siatfreijjievotyv ov TO K(f>a\aiov eo~Ti, 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 47 
 
 TOZ> Be iepofjuvrjuova, (frrjcri, TCDV 'AOrjvatcov Kal 
 TOV? 7rv\aydpovs TOV? ael 7rv\ayopovvTa? 
 iropevecrOai el? IIv\a? /cat et9 Ae\$ov? ez/ 
 ypevoi? %pdvoi,? VTTO TWV irpoydvcov, 
 ye TO> ov&pceri, aXXa TW epyw ala^pw^ 
 jap et9 TOP o-v\\o<yov rov ev U^Xat9 dirav- 
 09 ef ava^jKri^ Trpo TOV KaOrj/covTos eyLteXXe 
 yiyveaOai,. Kal 7ra\iv ev rc5 afro) 
 /cat cra^earepov KCLL TriKporepov crv^ypa^fjia ypa- 
 ^>et, TOP lepofjivrifjuova, <f>7j(rt,, TMV AOrjvatatv Kal 
 Toi/9 7rv\aydpovs rovs ael 7rv\ayopovvras 
 firj /jiere^ecv rot9 e/celae <rv\\eyo/j,e'voi<; fjurfre 
 \oywv firiTe epycov fjurfre Soy/Aarcov yLt^re Trpa- 
 ^0)9 fju / r)$efjLi,as. To Se fj,r) ^ere^etv rl eaTi, ; Ho- 
 repa TokyOe? CLTTCO ?} TO TI^LCTTOV dtcovcrai, ; Td\r)0e$ 
 epco TO jap aet, nrpos rjSovrjv \ejofJLevov ovrcDal TTJV 
 Siare'Oei/cev. Ovrc ea pefivrjo-Qai rcov opiccov, 
 rjjjicov ol Trpdyovoi, wjAocrav, ov&e rr)? dpa? ovSe 
 TOV Oeov fjLavreias. 
 
 Hfjiel^ fjbev ovv, w avbpes ^AQyvaioi, Kare^eiva^ev 123 
 TOVTO TO ^ri^Kj^ciy ol o aXXot * A[A<f>i,KTVove<$ avve- 
 uXa9 7T\r)V fjuas ?ro / X6W9, 779 eyco OVT 
 av rovvo/jia a-TTm/u, fJL7]6 al crv^opal 7rapa7r\7](not 
 tyevoivro avrrj? jjurjo'evl rwv *E\\if]va)v. Kal <jvve\6ov- 
 T69 e^r^io-avro eircarpareveiv eTrl TOV? Autyio-o'eas, 
 ei\ovTO KoTTV<f)ov TOV <&apcrd\iov TOV 
 
 ToVe ra9 vwj,as e7rr()lovTa t OVK eTri'rJLOvvTOS ev 
 
48 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 Ma/ceBovla ^ikiTTTTOV, aXX* ovB* ev rrj '-EXXa'3*. Trapdv- 
 T09, aXX* ev S/cvQcus OVTCO p,a,Kpav CLTTOVTOS ov CLVTIKO, 
 \eyeiv 4rj/j,ocr6evr)s a>9 eya) 
 yov. Kai irape\6ovre^ rrj 
 
 crevaw avri jap TWV fiejiaTWV aSi/crj/jLarcw 
 
 auTOf? etflfjiiwo-av, KCU Tavr ev faro) 
 TW 0ea> KaraOeivai, teal TOU9 p-ev evayel? Kai rcov TTC- 
 Trpajfjievcov CUTIOVS per earner avro, rof9 Be Si evae'fteiav 
 (frvyovras /caTTjyajov. ETreiSr) Be ovre ra ^p^fiara 
 e^envov TO> 0ea> TOU9 r evayel? KaTTjyayov ical rot/9 
 are\6ovTa<s Sia T&V 'Apfa/cTVovcov ej;e/3a\ov f 
 rrjv Bevre'pav errl rovs * Apfyiavias a-rparelav 
 Xw %poVw vcrrepov, e7rave\rj\vOoro<; 
 e/c T^9 7rl TOU9 ZfcvOas <TTpaTia<;, TWV 
 aev Oewv ryv yye/jLoviav rrjs evcrefieias TJJUV TrapaSe- 
 Be 
 
 133 A\\ ov 7rpov\eyov, ov 7rpoeo"r]fj,aivov yjjuv 01 Oeot 
 <f)V\aa<T6ai,, JJLOVOV ye OVK avOpwTrcw fywva? Trpocr- 
 KTrja-dfjievoi ; OvSe/uiiav rot TrwTrore eycoye fjia\\ov 
 7To\iv ewpa/ca VTTO /J,ev TMV 6ewv aw^ojjievriv, VTTO Be 
 
 TCOV prjropcov evlcov aTroKkviievrjv. Ov% IKCLVOV rjv TO 
 
 rot9 jAVcrTrjpiois cfravev crrj/jLelov <j>v\a%acr6ai, r) TCOV 
 /juvarwv TeXeyr?] ; Ov irepl TOVTCOV A/jieivLaBrjs [ie 
 7rpov\eyev evKa^elaOai, Kai Tre'/jLireiv e 
 
 rov Oeov o TI %prj Trpdrreiv, 
 
KATA KTH2I*QNT02. 49 
 
 Be dvTe'\eye fyiknrTrl^eiv rr]V HvOiav (JXKTKOJV, dirai- 
 wv Kal aTToKavwv Kal e^imrXd^evo^ 1-779 &So- 
 v(j) vfjb&v avTa> e^ovcrias ; Ov TO reXevralov 131 
 
 Kal dfca\\i,epr)Ta)V OVTWV TWV lepcov efeVeyu-^e 
 W o-Tpari,(!)Tas eTrl TOV Trpo$r)\ov KIV&VVQV ; Kairot, 
 ye Trpcorjv aTreroX^cre \eyeiv ort irapa TOVTO </Xt7T- 
 7T09 OVK rj\6ev rjpcov et9 Trjv %a>pav, QTI ov/c T\V avrq) 
 Koka ra iepd. Tlvos ovv el crv ^fjbia^ afi09 Tw%e2v f 
 & r^9 f E\\dSo^ d\i,Tr)p(,e ; El yap 6 fjiev Kparcov 
 OVK r)\6ev ei9 Trjv TWV Kparov^evoDV %d)pav, on OVK 
 r)V avra) Ka\d TCL Iepd, o~v 8* ovSev 7rpoeL$a)s rcov 
 /j,e\\ovTcov eareaOai, irpiv Ka\\t,eprjaai, TOW crTpariu>- 
 , irorepa <ne<f>avova-dat, ere Set 7rl 
 
 ToiyapTOi, TL TWV ave\7Ti(7TCi)V /cat aTrpo&SoKrjTCOV 132 
 e(f) rjfjucov ov yeyovev ; Ov yap /3iov ye rjfjiel^ dv- 
 
 eo~o/jievoi,<$ 
 
 /3acri,\ev$, 6 TOV A6wv St,opvas, 6 TOP * 
 TTOVTOV %ev%as, 6 yrjv KCLI vftcop TOVS 
 p ToKfjbwv ev rat9 e7rtcrroXat9 ypa<j>eiv OTL 
 
 evov, vvv ov Trepl TOV Kvpios eTe'pcov elvai, Siayco- 
 X J ^Brj Trept, T^9 TOV crwfJLaTO^ <ra)Trjplas ; 
 Kal TOU9 avTOV? opco/jiev TTJS re 80^9 TaJr^9 Kal T?)S 
 ein TOV Ilepcrrjv vjyeaovias rjfyay/Aevovs, ou Kal TO ev 
 
 lepov f)\ev9ep(ocrav ; @?]/3at, Se, @rj/3ai, TTO- 133 
 
50 AI2XINOY 
 
 TS E\- 
 
 t9 a&TvyeiTtoV, fjLe rj/nepav /jaav etc 
 XaSo9 avripTraarai, el tcai SiKatcos, Trepl TO>V o\cov ov/c 
 \evo-aiJ,evoi, a\\a TT^V <ye 6eo/3\a/3eiav Kal 
 cHppoo-vvrjv ov/c avdpcoTrtvcos, d\\a Scufjiovtcos 
 
 Aa/ceSaifAovioi, 8 ol Ta\ai7ra)poi,, 
 fjovov TOVTWV ro)v TTpayfjLartov ef p%^9 Trepl 
 
 
 rr]v rov lepov KarrjTnv, OL TU>V kr\vwv TTOTC 
 
 elvai, vvv ofJuypevd-ovTes /ecu T^? 
 Troirjcro/Jievoi, /jLe\\ovaiv co? '^Xe- 
 
 ^avo'pov dvaTre'/jLTrecrOai,, TOVTO Treiao/Jievoi, /ecu, avrou /cat 
 
 r) Trarpls o TI av e/celvq) So^y, Kal ev TTJ TOV Kparovv- 
 1-54 TO? KCU Trporjo'lKrjfjievov /JLerpiOTijTi KpiQTjcrofJbevoi,. f H 8' 
 
 rjfjLerepa ?roXt9, y KOLVTJ Karafyvyri TMV E\\r}vci)V, Trpo? 
 
 rjv dfyiKvovvTO Trporepov e/c T?;9 ao9 a 
 
 KCLTO, 7roXet9 e/cacrToi, Trap rj/jL&v rrjv atoTrjpiav evprj- 
 ao^voiy vvv ov/cen Trepl rrjs rcov *EXK,rivu>v r)yefj,ovi,a<; 
 ajcovl^eraL, aXX 7/87; Trepl, TOV rrj? TrarpiSo? eSafovs. 
 Kat TavO ^fuv o-v/JL^eftrj/cev e OTOV 
 Tr)v Tro\iTetav TTpocr\ri\v6ev. Ev <ydp Trepl 
 OVTWV f flcr/o8o9 o TroitjTrjs aTro^aiverai. Aeyei, yap 
 TTOV, TraiSevcov TCL Tr\r)0r) /col o-v/ji/3ov\eva)V rat9 TroXecr^ 
 TOL'9 TTOvrjpovs Ttov Srjjjiajwjwv /Jbrj Trpoa^e^eaOat,. 73 
 135 Ae%a) Be icdyw rd eTrrj Bid TOVTO ydp ol^au ?J//,a9 
 TralSa? 6W9 ra9 TWV TTOLTJTOJV yvwfjias K/j,av0dveiv, 
 iv dvSpes 6^x69 avTois %pa)/jLe0a. 
 
 Ho\\aKi Sr) gvfjiTrao-a 7roXt9 /ca/cov dvSpos aTrrjvpa, 
 O9 tcev a\s,Tpai,vr) /cat, aTae6a\a 
 
K A T A\K T H.2 I$&N&Q . 51 
 
 Tolaiv 8' ovpavoOev pe'ya Trrj/ma Ba)/ce Kpovicov, 
 AHWV ofjiov /col Xot/zoV, airo<^6ivvOovcri 8e \aoL 
 *H TCOV ye cTTpaTov evpvv a7TO)Xecrez> r) o ye 
 *H vr\a<$ evl TTOVTCO rlwvrai evpvoTra Zev<$. 
 'Eav Be irepie\ovre^ rov TTOL^TOV TO fierpov ra? 136 
 yvcofjias efera^re, ol/xat v[uv ^o^eiv ov 
 'Ho-LoBou elvai, a\\a ^p^afJibv els T^ 
 7ro\ireiav KOI yap vavntcrj /col Trefy arparta KOL 
 TroXet? apSrjv eldiv av^piracrfJievaL ere TVJS TOVTOV TTO- 
 
 OVTC $pvva)v$a<; ovre Evpv/3aro<? OVT 137 
 aXXo? ouSet9 TTCOTTOTC rwv TraXat Trovrip&v TOIOVTO? 
 fiayo? Kai yor]s eyevero, b?, a> yrj /cat 6eoi, /cat Sat- 
 i av9p(07roi, bcrot, jSov\ea6e a/covetv rd\7]6rj t 
 a \eyew /QXeVft)^ et? ra TrpoacoTra TO, vpe'repa, 
 a>9 apa Orj/Baioi TTJV cruyLt/^a^/ai/ vfiiv eTrot^cravTO ov 
 Sia TOP /caipov, ov Sia rov (f)o/3ov rov TrepicrTavTa 
 avrovs, ov Sta rrjv vfierepav Bo^av, aXXa 8ta ra9 
 ArnjiocrOevovs Srjprjyoplas. Kalroc ?roXXa9 plev TOVTOV 133 
 TTpoTepov Trpe&peias e7rpeo-{3evcrav t9 Sriftas ol ytta- 
 \LcrTa olfcela)^ eiceivois SiaKeifJievoi,, irptoTos fjuev Opa- 
 o-f^SouXo9 o KoXXfTi'9, avrip ev @r)/3ai<? 
 <W9 ovSel? eTepos, TCO^IV Gpdcrcov 6 'Ep%ievs, 
 cov @?7/8a/ot9, AecoBdfjias 6 * Ajfapvevs, ov% rjTTOV Arj- 
 aoaOevovs \eyeiv Bwd/jievos, aXX* e^otye Kai Jfiicav, 
 
 o Tlrik'rj^y /cal BwaTO? elirelv /cal TroXXa 139 
 cos ev Ty TroXtre/a Bta @?;/3a/ou9, *ApiGTO- 
 
52 AI2XINOY 
 
 
 o Aty]vivs, TrXecTTOV ypovov TTJV TOV 
 
 CLITICLV, Hvppavbpos 6 AvcupXvcmos, 09 ert 
 KCU vvv $. '-4XX* o//.ft>9 ovSeis TrcoTrore avrovs eov- 
 vr}9rj irpoTpe^raaOai et? T^ vfjierepav <f)i,\lav. To S* 
 olSa fieVj Xeyew 8* ovSez/ eo/-6a Sta ra? aru- 
 
 HO W avrcov. J A\tJ olfjiai, evretS^ ^/XtTTTro? avrwv 
 
 d(f>e\ofjL6Vo<; NUcuav erraXot? TrapeScofce, KOL TOV TTO- 
 \efjiov bv TTporepov e^rjXaaev etc TT}? ^copa? TT}? 
 
 BoiCOTWV, TOVTOV 7Ta\lV TOV dVTOV 7rO\/JLQV 
 
 Sia T?)? ^(w/ctSo? 7r' aura? ra? 0rJ/3a?, /fat TO 
 laiov E\areiav KaraXa/Bcov l^apa/cacre /cal <j>povpav 
 eleyyayev, evravO* rjSrj, errel TO Sewov avrwv 
 AOyvaiovs, KCU v^el^ 
 
 KOl ol 7T6%ol Kal ol tTTTTe^, TT^t^ TTfpfc 
 
 141 povrjv (rv\\a/37]V jpd^rai Arnjbocr6evr)v. 'O S' elcrajcov 
 
 a^, aXX* ou Arj/jLoo-Bevrjff, eTrel irepi ye 
 Tpia TO, TTCLVT&V 
 
 OTI $(\t,7T7rov TW //,ez^ ovopaTi TroXe- 
 vfuv, TW 8* epyw ?roXv /zaXXov JJLKTOVVTOS 
 @7jj3aiovs, 0)9 afro, ra irpajfjiaTa SeSrfXco/ce (^Kai ti Se2 
 TO, TrXe/o) \eyew ; j raura yttey ra TrjXucavTa TO /j,e- 
 ye0o<; a7TKpv-*}raTO, TTpoaTroirjo-d/jievos Se yu-eXXeti/ 
 av yev7]creo-0ai ov Sia TOU9 KaLpovs, aXXa 
 
 H2 ra9 avTov Trpeafteias irpwTov fiev (rvveTreicre TOV 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 53 
 
 eri, J3ov\eveo~6ai eirl ricri Bel TroiriaacrOat, rrjv cri>yi&- 
 XX' dyaTrav fjuovov el ylyverat,, rovro Be Trpo- 
 \a/3a)v efcBorov uev rqv Boiconav aTraorav eTroirjae 
 
 ev r> ^crLtaTt, eav 
 
 TToXi? GL7TO S 7] jB d IQ)V , /BoTjOclv A 6 7] - 
 
 Boicorols rot? ev Or]/3at9, T0t9 ovo- 
 K\,e7TT(i)v tcai fjuerafapcov TO. Trpay/z-ara, coaTrep 
 74 eiwOev, a>9 TOU9 Boicorovs epyo* KCLKWS Trao-^ovra^ rrjv 
 TWV ovo/jLarcov. avvOecnv TWV ArffjiocrOevov^ d 
 d\\* ov p,a\\ov eft ot9 fcatcws TreTrovQ 
 crovras Sevrepov Be TWV et9 TO^ 7ro\e^ov dva\wfJLara)V 143 
 ra /jiev Svo fJ^eprj vfuv dveOrj/cev, ot9 rjaav aTrcoTepa) ol 
 , TO Be rpirov jjiepos Oyftaioi,?, BcopoBo/cwv e<^> 
 TOVTCOV, KOL rrjv qyefjiovtav rr]v fjuev Kara 6d- 
 \arrav eTrolrjae KQIVY]V, TO 8' dvd\cojj,a iSiov vfjuerepov, 
 Tr\v Be Kara yrjv (a ^ Bel \ypelv) apBrjv <pepcov dve- 
 Orj/ce QyftaioiSj ware irapa rov yevopevov 7ro\e/j,ov [JLTJ 
 Kvpiov yevecrOai, SrparoK\ea TOV r^jieTepov crTpaTijybv 
 fBov\evaacr6ai Trepl r^9 rwv arparLwr^v (rayrrjplas. 
 Kal ravr ov/c eya) jjiev KaTrjyopw, erepoi Be irapa\ei- 144 
 TTOVCTW, a\\a /cayco \eyay Kal Travres 7TtTt//.a)crt Kal 
 fyu-et9 (rvvi(TTe Kai ov/c opyi^ecrOe. 'E/celvo yap r jreir6v- 
 Oare irpos Arj^oa-Oevr^v avveiOicrOe rjBrj rd^LKrujbara 
 avTov d/coveus, Mare ov Oav/Jid^ere. Ael Be ov% ovrcos, 
 aXX* dyava/crelv /cal rificopelcrOat, el ^pr) ra \oi7ra rrj 
 
 Aevrepov Be Kal TTO\V rovrov p,el,ov dBifcrjua rjBt- 145 
 
 5* 
 
54 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 Krjaev, ori, TO /3ov\evTr]pi,ov TO TT}? 7roXe&>9 /cac TTJV 877- 
 fAO/cpaTiav ap&rjv e\a6ev vfyeXopevos Kal fjierrivey/cev eis 
 &r\fSa<$ et9 TTJV KaS/jielav, TTJV Kowwviav TCOV 
 
 KCU Ti^LKavrriv avro? 
 
 avrq> Svvaareiav KareaKevao-ev, COCTT tf&rj Trapitov tiri 
 TO fifj/jia TrpecrfievcreLV fiev (f>rj OTTOL av avrq) Sotcy, 
 146 fcav ft?) vfjbeis K7refjL7r7)T, el 8e' Tt9 avTw TWV arpa- 
 avTeiiroi,, KaTaSovXovfjievos TOU? ap^ovras /cai 
 ew SiabiKacrlav (f>7j <ypd- 
 
 TW ftrtfJLaTi, 7T/309 TO (TTpaTTjyeiov ' 7rXe/<w jap 
 ayaOa v<j) eavrov etyij airo rov ftri/jiaTOS TTCTTOV- 
 Qlvai ?; VTTO TWV err parrjycov e/c rov <npaTrjyelov. ML- 
 (T0o<j)opa)V B ev TW %evucq> Kevcus ^copai?, Kal TCL arpa- 
 
 Kal TOU? fivptovs fe^ou? 
 TroXXa SiafJiapTVpo/jLevov KO\ 
 
 eV Tat9 eKtchrjcriais e/ioi), 
 
 <f>epct)V dvapTraaOevTwv rwv ^evcov TOV KW^VVOV aira- 
 
 147 paa/cevq) ty WXet. Tl yap av oieaOe 3>i\iinrov ev 
 
 Tot9 ToVe /caipoi? ev^aaOai ; Ov %&>/H9 ftev 77/309 TTJV 
 
 7TO\ITLK7)V SvVa/MV, %W/3i9 ^ eV Afji(j)i(T(Tr} 7Tp09 TOL/9 
 
 dOv^ov^ be TOU9 "E\\r)vas Xa- 
 77X77^9 yejevrj^ev^ ; Kal T?]\I,KOV- 
 TCOV KaKwv amo9 yeyevrj/jie'vos ArjfjLoo-Oevrjs OVK dyaira 
 ei, /jurj Bl/CTjv Be$o)K6V, aXX et /^?y /cat ^pvaq) aTecfravq* 
 crTefyavoyOrio-eTat, dyavaicTel ovB iicavov eaTiv avT&> 
 evavTiov VJJLWV KrjpvTTecrOai, aXX eu firj TCOV E\\r]vcov 
 evavTiov dvappJ]6r\a-eTa^ TOVT rjBrj dyava/CTel. 
 
KATA KTH2I*GNTO 2. 55 
 
 o>9 eoi/ce, Trovrjpa Averts fjueyakrjs e^ovalas e7rt,\a/3o/jL6wrj 
 
 s aTrepyd^erai, (TVfji(popds. 
 
 Tplrov Be Kal rwv TTpoeiprjime'vcov fjueyicrrov ecrriv o 143 
 ft) \eyeiv. QCkiTTTrov yap ov Kara^povovvros TCOV 
 V i ov&* ayvoovvTOS (ov jap rp> dcrvvero^y ort 
 ro)V wrrap'XpVTtoV ayaOwv ev rjfjuepa? a-fjutcpcp 
 vieiTcu, Kal 8ta ravra fBov\OfJbevov 
 rrjv elprivrjv KOI 7rpeo-/3ela<$ aTrocTTeXXetz/ 
 Kal TWV apftovrcov TGOV ev @ri/3ai,$ (fro/Bovfie'vcov rov 
 eiriovra /cwSvvov, et/corw?, ov yap prjTcop aarparevTos 
 Kat, \t,7TQ)v TTJV Tci^iv avTovs evovOeTijcrev, aXX o ^o)- 
 KIKOS TToXf^o? BetcaeTr)? yeyovcos defavrjcrTov Trai&eiav 
 avrovs eTralSevcre, TOVTGW 8e e^ovrcov ovrcos alcrOo- 149 
 Arj/jiocrOevr)?, Kal Toy? Boicordp^a^ VTroTrrevaas 
 elp^vrjv l$ia iroielaOai, ^pvcriov avev avrov 
 Trapa ^I^LTTTTOV \afBovra<$, a/Bicorov rjyrj&dfAevos elvai 
 eu TWOS a7TO\ei<f)6r](TeTai Swpoo'oKia?, avaTTij^rjaa^ ev 
 
 TT/JO? $l\nnrov elpr^v ov6* a>9 ov Set, aXX* 
 ft)? OD6TO, TOVTO Krjpvyfjia TI rot? BoicoTapftai? Trpo/cij- 
 PVTTCOV dvafa'pew eavrw ra jme'prj TGOV \rnL^a^(^v y 8^a)- 
 75 fjivvro rrjv 'AO'qvav, r)v, w? 3o<#& ^6tS/a9 evepyo\a/3elv 150 
 eipyao-aro Kal eveiriopKelv Arj/jioo-Oevei,, rj fj/r}v ei rt? 
 epel co9 %p^) Trpos $l\i7r7rov elpr\vr]V Trovr\(Ta(jQai dird- 
 
 geiv els TO SecrptoTripiov e7rtXa/8o / /-te^o9 TWV 
 a7rofjii,/uiov/j(,evo<; rrjv KXeo(/>aWo9 7roXiT/ai/, 09 ejrl TOV 
 os AafceSaiiAovlovs TroXe/^oi;, co9 XeyeTat, rrjv TTO\I,V 
 
56 AI2XINOY 
 
 B ov Trpoael^ov avTa> ol apxpvres ol ev 
 , aXXa KO,L roi>9 arpancora^ TOU9 vp,repovs 
 irakiv dveaTpe^rav efeX7?Xi>0oTa9, 'iva ySouXeua^crtfe irepl 
 151 T779 ^771/779, evravO 77877 iravTairaaiv e/ccfrpcov 
 :at 7rape\6cov eTrl TO /3rj/j,a TrpoSoras TWV 
 T0f9 Boicorapxas aTre/caXecre, /u ypdifreiv ecfyrj 
 6 rot9 7ro\fjLiOi<; ovBeTTor avTi/3\eijra ' 
 
 @r)/3aiov<: SioSov errl 
 
 ol cv ra^ ap- 
 
 ws clvai 
 \r ( va)V, ajro pev TIJS ipr}irrjs aTrerpaTrovro, erri Be 
 
 152 EvOa 8/7 /cat TWV avSpwv rcSi/ ayaOwv aiov ecrriv 
 eTri/JLvyaQrjvai, 01)9 ouro9 dOvrcav fcal d/ca\\Lp^rci)V ov- 
 TCOV TWV lepwv etf7re///^a9 eTrl TOP 7rpoSrj\ov KivSvvov 
 ot9 Bpa7rerai,<; Trooi KCU \e\oi7roat, rr]v rd^iv 
 errl rov rafov TOV rcov re\evrrjcrdvra)v t 
 t]V etceivtov aperr\v. ' fl Trpos fj,ev TCI 
 /cat (nrovo'ala iravTutv avOpomrcov a%pr](TTOTaTe, 
 Se T^ ev Tot9 Xoyot9 Tokpav 0av/j,a(ri(!)TaT 
 pr)(7iv eOe\T^aei<; avTiica, (j,a\a, /3\e7T(0v et9 TCL TOVTWV 
 TrpoacoTra, \eyeiv a>9 Bel ere errl Tals TTJ? 7roXea)9 o-f/z- 
 (TTecfravovaOai, ; 'Eav B OVTOS Xey?;, vfj,el<? 
 
 153 eoiKe, teal 77 vfieTepa ^1/77/1-77 ; TeveaOe Brj /JLOL 
 
 'Xpovov TT)I/ Btdvoiav fir) ev TU> BitcaaTrjptq), aXX* ev ra> 
 Oearpq*, Kal vo/JLicraO opav TTpoiovTa TOP Kripvtca Kai 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 57 
 
 TTJV e/c TOV ^r^io-fjiaro^ dvdpprjcriv fj,e\\ovo~av ylyve- 
 (T0cu, /cal \oyio-aa6e nrorep oieaOe rovs ol/cetovs TCOV 
 T\VTrjo-avTO)v irXetco Ba/cpva a^j\(jeiv eirt rat? Tpaya>- 
 /<? Kal rot? rjpcolfco?^ TrdOeau roZ? ///era ravr e7rei<n- 
 OVCTLV TI eTrl rrj TT}? TroXew? ayvcofioarvvr). T/9 jap 154 
 OVK av d\yricreiv avOpwiros f 'E\\7jv KOI TraiSevOel? 
 e\ev0epo)S, dvafjivriaOeis ev TO> Oedrpa) eiceivo ye, el 
 
 erepoVj on ravrij Trore TTJ 
 cocrTrep vvvi TWV TpaytoSow yiyvecrOai, or 
 
 /jia\\ov rj TroXt? KCU /SeXr/ocrt 
 7rpoe\6a)v 6 Kripv% real TrapacrTrjadfievos TOVS op<pavovs 
 wv ol Trarepe? rjcrav iv TO) TroXe^w TereXeur^/coTe?, vea- 
 
 K7]pVTT TO 
 
 \icrrov Krjvjia KCLI. 
 
 on rovcrBe rov? veavivKovSj wv ol Trare'pes 
 
 ev TW TraXe/Lto) avSpes djaOol 
 
 ^/3?79 o 877^09 erpe<f)e, vvvl S 
 
 7ravo7r\ta d(f)lrjcriv djaOrj TV^T) rpeTreorOat, eVl ra 
 
 eavrwv, Kal KoKel 9 nrpoe^piav. 
 
 Tore fjuev ravr e/cr]pvrTev^ aXX ov vvv, a\\a nrapa- 155 
 aTrjo-ajjievo^ rov T^9 opfjxivias rot9 Traiaw CLLTIOV TI 
 TTOT dvepel 97 rl (j)6ej^rai, ; Kal yap edv avrd Ste- 
 %lr) rd e/c TOV / >^770/cryu,aT09 r rrpoa r rdy^aTay aXX' ov TO 
 y K T^9 aX77^e/a9 alo"%pbv aiwrrrjOrio-eTai,, d\\d ra- 
 vavria Bo^ei, TTJ TOV Krjpvfcos <pcovrj (f)0eyyeo~0a^ OTL roz/Se 
 TOV dv$pa (et Srj Kal o5ro9 dvrjp^ o-T(J3avo2 6 877/^09 o 
 A@7)i>ai,Q)V dpeTrjs evefca TOV KaKiaTov, di>$paya6la<$ 
 
58 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 157 eve/ca TOP avavbpov KOL XeXotTro'ra TTJV raftz>. Mr) 
 TT^O? TOV ALO$ KOI TWV a\\o)v 6ewv, Ixerewo t)yita?, w 
 av$pe<? AOrjvaioi,, fjurj TpoTraiov to-rare a< 
 ev Trj TOV Aiovvcrov opffldTpa, /JirjB aipelre 
 evavTiov rwv E\\7]va)V TOV ^T^JLOV TWV 
 
 v7ro[jLiiJLvr}(rKT TWV avidTCOV Kdi avrj/cecTTcov /ca- 
 row? TaXanrwpovs @r/{3aiov$, ovs <f)vyovTa<? Sia 
 TOVTOV vTrooeSe^e TTJ TroXet, wz/ lepa /cai Te/cva KCLL 
 ra^ou? aTrwXecrey rj Ar^fjiocrOevov^ BcopoSofcia Kal TO 
 j3acri\iKbv ^pvaiov aXX* 7re^r) rot? uw^iaaiv ov 76 
 Trapeye'veo-Qe, aXXa rat? ye Siavolcus aTro^Xe^ar' av- 
 TCOV et? ra? crv^opa^, Koi vo/JLtaaO opav d 
 
 Tr)v TroXti^, Tei^wv /caTao-Kcupas, e/^TrprJcret? OIKIWV, dyo- 
 
 /ecu rralSas et? Sov\elav, 
 avQpu>TTOv<$, TrpecrfivTio'as yvvatKas o^re 
 ra? TTJV \ev@ept,av, ^Xa/oz^ra?, t^ereuo^ra? vfjuas, op- 
 ov rot? rtyLtwov/z-e^ot?, aXXa rot? TOVTWV 
 
 atrtot?, e7rto~/C7]7rro^ra? ^Sei/t TpoTra) TOV r^? 
 d\LTr\piov (TTecfravovv, aXXa Afat roz^ Satfjiova /cat 
 TVfflv TTJV crvfjLTrapaKO\ovOovo-av ra> dvOpwTT(f) 
 158 facr^at. Ovre yap Tro'Xt? ovr' a^?)/) t&twr?;? 
 
 (rdfjivos. 'Tyu-et? 8', <w ai/Spe? ' AOrjvcuoi, OVK 
 veade et e?rt /-tey roi;? TropQ/Jtea? TOV<; et? 
 7ropdfAvovTa<? vo/jiov eOeaOe, edv rt? avTwv a/cow ev 
 
 TO) TTOpCO TT\oloV avaTpe^TTf^ TOVTW fJLTj J;lVat, TTCiklV 
 
 7rop0/jLe1 jveo-@cu, f tva yu/^Set? avToa^eBid^rj et? ra 
 
KATA KTH2I<SGNTO2. 59 
 
 rcov r EX\,r)vcov acouara, rov 8e rrjv 'EXkaSa teal rv]V 
 rroXiv ap$7jv dvarerpa(f)ora rovrov eaaere rrd\iv drrev- 
 Ovveiv ra /coiva; 
 
 r Iva 8 etTTty Kai rrepi, rov reraprov /caipov KCLI TCOV 159 
 vvvi Ka0ecrT'r)KOT(0v TT pay par (0v, efcelvo v/ua$ VTrojjivrjcrai, 
 /3ov\ofjLCU, QTI A^fJioaOevr]^ ov TTJV CLTTO <7Tparo7reSov 
 
 fJLOVOV TCL^LV \t,7T6V, CtXkci KOI T7]V K 
 
 r jrpo<7\a/3cov V/JLCOV /ecu TOV$ * E\\ijvas rjpyvpo- 
 Karajajova'T]^ B avrov et? ryv TTO\IV rrj$ 
 a7rpocrSoKr]TOV crcor'rjpias row? fiev TTpcoTovs xpovov? 
 
 VTTOTpO/JLOS TfV av6pO)7TOS, Kal TTdplCOV rjfjilOvr)? 7rl TO 
 
 avrbv e/ 
 
 et? Se * 
 
 Kara fiev TOV9 Trprorof? %pvov$ of et ra 
 elare TO ArjfjiocrOevov^ eTriypafaiv ovo^a, 
 
 a\\a NavaLK\el TOVTO TrpoaeraTTere' vvvl S' ijSrj /cal 
 
 a^ioi. '^TretS^ S* CTeXeuT^cre i^ev <&l- ieo 
 
 , *A\ej;av$po$ 8' et? rrjv apfflv KareaTrj, iraktv 
 av reparevd/jLevos lepa pev IBpvo-aTO Ilavaavlov, et? 
 air lav Be evayy\lcov Ovaias rrjv /3ov\r)v Karea-r^crev, 
 8' ' AXe^avSpw Mapyirrjv erlOero, aire- 
 
 Se Xeyeiv i? ov KLvrjd^aerai, e/c Ma/ceSovias - 
 ayaTrav jap avrov e<j)r} ev IleXXrj TrepiTrarovvTa /cal 
 ra (TTrKayxya (j>v\arrovra. Kal ravra \eyeiv e<f>rj 
 ovfc et/ca^cov, aXX 5 d/cpificos etSw? on a'iuards eariv 77 
 aperr] covia, avros ov/c e^cov aiua /cat, Oecopcov rov 
 A\%avo'pov OVK e/c TT}? * A\e%dv$pov <vcreft>9, aXX' e/c 
 T9 eavrov 
 
60 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 161 "HS?7 8* etyrjfao-fie'vcov SerTakwv eTncrTpareveiv ejrl 
 Trjv vfjuerepav TTO\IV, /ecu TOV veavtaKOV TO Trpcorov Tra- 
 
 eTreiSr) Trepl Sriftas r,v TO arpa- 
 v<j) VJJLWV ^eipoTovrfOei^t aTro&pas 
 IK fjiecrov TOV KiOaipwvos rjicev vTroaTptyas, ovr ev 
 eiprjvr) OUT ev TroXe/xw %p7](7LfjLov eavTov Trape^cov. Kal 
 
 TO TTCLVTCOV SeiVOTCLTOV, VfJiels fJLeV TOVTOV 0V 7TpOV$OT6, 
 
 ovS euaaare KpiOrfvai ev TCO TCOV 'EX^vcov crvveSplcp, 
 O^TO? 8' uyita? vvv TTpoSe&coKev, eiTrep akqdrj eo-riv a 
 
 162 XeyeTat. /2s yap cfracriv OL 7rapa\oi Kai 01 TrpecrlSev- 
 
 TT/JO? 'A\eav$pov (fcai TO irpay^a el/coTO)? TTI- 
 , eaTi TL<$ 'ApicrTifov UXaTai'/eoV, o TOV *Api- 
 
 (TTO/3oV\OV TOV (j)apfJLaK07TO}\OV VLOS, 1, TIS dpO, KttL 
 OvTO? 7TOT6 O VZCLViVKOS Te'pd)V 
 
 vo/mevos (pKrjae ITO\VV %povov ev 
 OIKLO, o TL Se irpaTTCov TJ 
 r) aiTia Kai TO Trpajfjia ovSajjicos 
 
 6/j.ol \eyeiv. OVTOS, a>9 eyco d/covco, rjyvorj/Jievos O(TTL$ 
 TTOT ecrTi /cal 7TOJ9 /3e/Stct)o)9, TOZ^ A\et;avBpov VTTO- 
 KOI ifkycrid^ei, etcelva). Aia TOVTOV ypaa/jiaTa 
 a>9 'A\eav$pov aBeiav Tiva evprjTat, Kai StaX- 
 103 X*ya9 Kal 7roXX??i> Ko\aKeiav 7T7rot,r)Tai. EKeWev Be 
 6eayp7]o-aT 9 b^oiov eo-Ti TO Trpay/jia Ty aiTia. Et, 
 yap TL TOVTCOV (j)povet, Arj/jLOcrOevr}? Kal 
 elftev, axTTtep Kal (frijal, 77/309 'A\ej;avSpov, Tpel? 
 Kaipol Ka^XiaTOt, 'jrapayeyovacrw, oyv ov&evl fyaweTai, 11 
 JBt9 fjbev 6 7rpa>TO<;, OT els TTJV dpxfjv ov 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNT02. 61 
 
 
 nrakai KaOevrriKuxs 'A\$av8po$ dKarao-Kevav avrp 
 TCOV iBlcov ovrtov et? TTJV 'Aalav Bie'ftr}, tf/c/jia^e S' o 
 TCOV Tlepo-MV /3a<jtXef? Kai vavcri Kai ^p^fjiaai Kai 
 Tre^f) crrpaTia, aafjuevo^ S av rjfmas t? rrjv av^a^iav 
 Trpoo-e^e^aro Sia rou? eTnfapojme vovs eavrcp KIV$VVOV<$. 
 Elects TWO, evravOa \oyov, Ari^ocrOeve^, 77 
 TI < x|r77<tcr/m ; Bov\ei ere Oa> (f)0/3r]6rj 
 
 TO) cravrov rpoTrw ; Kalroi prjropifcijv ei\iav 
 Kaipos ov/c avajnevei. A\\ eTreiSr) Tratrrj 161 
 
 Svva/Jiet, Aapelos /ccna/3e/3riKei) 6 8' *A\ej;av$po$ rp> 
 
 etX^/^eVo? ev Ki\(,/clq Trdvrcov ez/Se 
 av, avrl/ca Be fj,d\a ^eXXe^, a>? r)V o Trapa crov Xo 
 crvfj,7raTr)Or]a6(jOai, VTTO TT}? IlepcriKfjs ITTTTOV, rrjv Be 
 GY\V avfaiav rj TroXt? OVK e^wpei Kai ra? 
 a? ^77/5777/^6^0? IK TWV $aKTv\cov Trep^ei?, 
 rial TO euov 'jrpocrcoTrov ft)? eK7reir\r)<y^evov Kai aOv- 
 
 /ULOVVTOS, Kai %pV(70fC6pQ)V aTTOKO'ktoV Kai Kai (TT 6(f)6 ^ai 
 
 (frdcrfccov el Ti TTTalcraa ava^ricrerai A\eavSpq), ov$* 
 evravOa 7rpaa<; ovSev, aXX et? riva Kaipov avejBak- 
 \ov /caXXto). 
 
 as roivvv atravra Tavra inrep TWV vvm KaOe- 165 
 Xe'fo). Aa/ceSaiuovioi, fjuev Kai TO %eviKov 
 KOI SiefyOeipav TOU? Trepl Koppayov 
 
 aurot? o-un/,eTeao^TO KOI 
 
 KOI 
 
 TT\T]I> IIe\\ijvalcov KOI *ApKala Tracra 
 7T\rjv Meyd\rjs WXea)?, aur77 Be e 
 
 Tr/Sofo? rp> a\wvai, o 
 6 
 
62 AI2XINOY 
 
 ef<w T?}9 dpKTOV Kal rrjs oi/covfjLewrjS oXiyov Beiv 
 peOeicrTriKeiy o Be 'AvTiTraTpo? 7ro\vv ^povov (rvvrjye 
 (TTpaTOTreBov, TO ' eao^evov aSrj\ov rjv. 'EvravQ' 
 d7roBei,%i,v TTolrjcrcu, w ArjfjioaOeves, rl TTOT r]V a 
 /cai rl TTOT 7]V a eXeye? Kal el /3ov\ec, Tra- 
 166 pa^aypa) aoi rov /3r]//,aT09, ew? av e'lTrys. 'ETreiSr) 
 Se (7tya9, -OTI /J>ev aTropels, avyyvw^rjv. e^w aoi, a Be 
 TOT eXeye?, eyo) vvvl Xe^eo. Ov fjue^vrjcrOe avTov TO, 
 fjiiapa Kal aTTiOava pr^fjuaTa, a TTO)<; Trod f/xet?, w o-iBr)- 
 peoi, KapTepelT aKpoa)/ji,evoi ; OT ( 
 aiA7re\ovpyovcri, Tives TTJV 7ro\iv, 
 Kaal Tive? TO, K\r]/juaTa TOV Brj/juov, UTTOT- 
 TCL vevpa TWV nrpaj /JidTwv, <f>op/jLop- 
 
 em TO, o-Teva, Tives 
 
 167 w a TT e p ra? fBe\6va<s Sielpovo-i. TavTa Be TI 
 ecrTiv, w KivaBos ; 'P^ara rj Oav^iaTa ; Kal 7rd\iv 
 oje KVK\<> nrepi&wwv aeavrov ejrl TOV firjfJiaTos eXeye? 
 
 Ta Aatcco- 
 
 IIeppat,/3ov$ d<$>io~Tavai,. Sv jap av 
 
 Sv yap av 7Tpoo-e\6oi<; py OTI 77/309 
 , d\\d 7T/309 outlaw OTTOV KivBvvos TrpoaeaTiv ; 
 A\\ ei, fjiev TTOV ^p^ara ava\iaKTai,, 
 (ret,, TTpa^iv Be dvBpbs ov 7rpdt;i,$ edv 8' 
 
 TL crviir), Trpoo-TTOiricrr) Ka aavTov eir TO yeyevrjuevov 
 7rrypcnjret9 av 8' e\6r) 0o/3o9 Tt9, aTroBpdcrr) edv 
 Be 0appr)o-cofjiv, Baypea? aiTV]<rei<$ Kau 
 <7T<t>avovo~6ai,, 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNT02. 63 
 
 Ncu, a\\a SrjfjiOTiKos eariv. 'Eav fj,ev TOIVVV Trpbs ws 
 
 av avTov TCOV \oycov a7ro/3\e7rr)T, e^aTra- 
 e waTrep KOI irporepov, eav o et9 rrjv fyvcriv 
 KCLL Trjv akriOeiav, OVK egaTraTTjOricrecrOe. 'Ercelvcos Se 
 a7ro\a/3T Trap avrov rov \o<yov. Eya) fjue 
 \oyiovfjiai a Set vTrap^at, ev vy cfrvcrei, TW 
 dv$pl Kal aaxfrpovi,, /col TToKiv avTiOrjaco Trolov 
 Tiva 6t/co? ecrnv elvai TOV oXiyap^Kov avOpwTrov Kal 
 $av\ov ' vfieis S' avn,6evT6s e/carepa TOVTCOV decop^o-ar 
 avrov, fjiif] oTTorepov rov \oyov, a\\ oTrorepov rov jBiov 
 ecrrlv. Olpai Toivvv anravra^ av uyu-a? 6/jLO\oyrj(rat 169 
 rciSe $elv VTrap^at, TW STJ/AOTIKO), TTpcorov fiev e\i>6epov 
 avrov elvat, Kal 77^009 Trarpos Kal Trpos fifJTpds, "va yu,^ 
 78 Bia rrjv irepl TO yeVo? arv^tav Bva/jievT]^ rj TO?? z/oyu-ot? 
 ol a(0%ov(Ti rrjv ftrj/jLOKparlav, Sevrepov 8' aTro T&V Trpo- 
 yovwv evepyecrlav nva avrw Trpos rov STJ/^OV virap^eiv, 
 77 TO' y dvayKaidraTOV fjLij$piav e%0pav, Iva (JLTJ /3orj- 
 Qwv Tot? rwv TTpoydvcov arv^fiao-i, a/cco9 eTri^eipy 
 TToielv TJ]V TTO\IV. TpiTov a(t)(f)pova Kai fterpiov ^pr] 170 
 7recj)VKevai, avrov TT^O? Tir\v KaO r/pepav Siairav, OTTO)? 
 p/r) $ia rrjv dcreXyeiav TTI^ Savrai/T;? ScopoSoKrj Kara 
 TOV Srijjiov, reraprov evyvcafjiova Kal Svvarov enrelv ' 
 Ka\6v yap rrjv fJikv Sidvoiav TrpoaipelcrOai ra /3eA,- 
 , Trjv $e Tra&eiav rrjv TOV pr\ropo^ Kal TOV \dyov 
 TOV 9 aKovovras el Be JJLT], TTJV y evyvayuo- 
 avvrjv del TrpoTaKTeov TOV \dyov. IIefj,7rTov dvSpelov 
 elvai TTJV ^v^rfv, 'iva p/r) Trapa TO, Sewa Kal TOi/9 KIV- 
 
64 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 Suvovs jKara\l7rr) TOV Brjfjiov. Tov 8' o\i,yap%LKov 
 Bel Tavavria TOVTWV e-^eiv T'I jap Bel irakiv 
 Sfce^aaOe Brj TI TOVTCOV vTrdp^ei ATJJJLO- 
 crOe'vei 6 Be \oyio~/M)s earco eirl iracn Bi/catois. 
 171 TOVTG) TTdTrjp /J,ev 3)V ArjjjLoaOevrjs o Haiavievs, avrjp 
 e\ev6epo$ (ou jap Bel tyevBeaOai), ra 8' a?ro rrjs fjLV]- 
 
 T/909 Kai TOV TTaTTTTOV TOV 7T/D09 fJL^TpO^ 7TO)9 %ei dVTto ; 
 
 Eyco <f)pao-co. Tv\fj)V r)V etc KepajAecov. Oyro? Trpo- 
 80^9 Tot9 TroXe/uW Nvfj,<j)ai,ov TO ev HovTU), rore r^9 
 7roXea)9 e^ova^ TO ^dopiov TOVTO, (frvyas OLTT elcray- 
 etc T^9 7roXew9 eyeveTO 
 Tr)v Kpicriv ov 
 Bocnropov, KaKel \afj,/3avei, Bcopeav Trapa TWV Tvpdv- 
 172 vcov rou9 wvopacriJLevovs KTITTOVS, Kol japel yvvaiica 
 fJiev vrj Aia /cai ^pvo-iov eiri^epo^ev^v iro\v, 
 Be TO yeVo9, ef ^9 ylyvovTat, avT(p 
 Bvo, a9 e/celvo$ Bevpo ftera TroXXajy ^prj^aTco 
 Xa9 away/Mere TYJV pev eTepav orcoS^Trore, tva /Arj vroX- 
 Xot9 aTrexOavcoficu TTJV 8' eTepav eyrj/^e Trap&wv rou9 
 7roXea)9 vofj^ov^ Arj/jLocrOevrjs 6 Haiavievs, e% 779 
 
 vfuv 6 Trepiepyo? /col crv/cocfravTris yeyewjTai, 
 vr]<?. OVKOVV aTro fjuev TOV iraTnrov TOV Trpos 
 TroXeyu-409 av elt] TO) BT^/JLO) (OdvaTOV yap avTov TWV 
 Trpoyovcov /caTe'yvcoTe^, TCL 8' a?ro r^9 pyTpos SKvQrjs, 
 fBapjBapos e\\7jvt,Q)v TTJ tfxovr) ' 06 ev KOI Trjv Trovijpiav 
 173 OVK 67rt^a)pi09 ecrTi. Hepi 8e Trjv /caO rjfjiepav BlatTav 
 r^9 eaTiv ; EK TpiTjpap^ov Xoyoypdfas dve<j>dvr] y TOL 
 
KATA KTHSISGNTOS. 65 
 
 Trarpcca /carayeXacrTa)? Tcpoefjievos airLcrros Be Kal irepu 
 ravra 8o'a? f=lvat, Kal rovs Xoyou? K(f)epa)V rot? CLVTI- 
 S//eot9 dveirr^rjcrev ITU TO ftrj/Jia' irKelarov S* e -7-179 
 7roXtTe/a5 etX97$&>5 dpyvpiov eXa^tcrra nrepieTroiricraTO. 
 Nvv jJLevroi rb {Saa-i\LKbv ^pvaiov eTrifce/cXv/ce TTJV $a- 
 Trdvrjv CLVTOV, ecrrat 8' ouSe TovO* IKCIVOV ouSet? <yap 
 TrcoTTore TrXovro? Tpoirov Trovrjpov trepieye'veTo. Kal TO 
 
 K(f)d\CUOV, TOV fBloV OVK K TWV L$lcOV TTpOCToBcOV TTOpl,- 
 
 ferat, aXX* e/c T&V vpeTeptoV KIV&VVCOV. 
 
 Hepl 8' evyvcojAoo-vvrfv Kal \ojou ^vva^LV TTGJ? TCG- 174 
 ^>u/c6 ; Aeivws \eyew, KaKO)<; ftiwvai. OVTCO yap 
 Ke'xpfJTai Kal TO> eavTOV crtofiaTi KOI TraiSoTroua WCTT 
 efjie pr) ftov\ecr6ai, \ejeiv a TOVTW TT&rpafftat, ijSrj 
 yap TTOT el^ov /ttcr^^eWa? TOVS TCL TWV Tr\7]oriov 
 a \lav cra^xw? Xeyo^ra?. EireiTa TL o-vfJLJSaivei 
 \i ; Ol fiev \oyoi KaXoi y Ta 8 epja <j>av\a. 
 IT/305 Se avSplav /Spa^tr? /JLOL Xe/Trerat Xoyo?. El 175 
 yap rjpveiTO /J,r) 8etXo? elvai TJ vuels /JLTJ 
 if}V o Xoyo? av JJLOL Trapefyev 
 
 Kal auTO? 6fjio\oyec ev raZ? KK\rf<riai? Kal vfjueis crvv- 
 , \oi7rbv vTTOfJLvfjcrai, rot;? 7T6/3t TovTwv Keiue'vovs 
 . f O yap SO\G>V, 6 TraXato? vopoBerrfi, ev rot? 
 eTTtr^/ot? wero 8e^ eve^eaOai TOV dcrTpaTevTOv 
 Kal TOV XeXotTroVa r^v rafti/ /cat TOV SetXov o/^o/w? 
 yap m SetX/a? ypafatt. KaiTOi Oavada-eiev av 
 y/>twv et ftcrt fyvaews ypa(f>ai. Euriv. Twos eve- 
 ; rf lv e/cacrro? T^LWV ra? e/c TWV vopcov tfafua? <j>o- 
 6* 
 
66 A I 2 X I N Y 
 
 auewcov 
 
 176 vTrep T?}9 TraTpiBos VTrap^rj. O uev TOLVVV vouoQeTrjs 79 
 rbv aarparevrov Kal TOP Beikov Kal TOV AtTroWa rrjv 
 Tafyv efw TWV TrepippavTrjpicov TT}? dyopa? e^elpyei, 
 Kal OVK ea (7T(j)avov(70ai ovS eidievai et? ra lepa ra 
 Sr]juiOTe\rj <rv Be TOP aare^avcoTov etc TCOV VOJJLCOV ice- 
 \evet,? r)/J,as GTeavovv, /cat, TO> aavrov r?;>/o-/xaTt TOV 
 
 ov 7rpoa"r\Kovra euo-Kaes ro? rpaywoLS et? TTJV 
 crrpav, ek TO lepbv TOV ALOVVCTOV TOV ra lepa Sia Bet,- 
 \iav Trpo&e&wKOTa. 
 
 "Iva Be fjurj diroTrXavw vfjias OTTO rrjs vTroOe'aecos, 
 eicelvo ue'/jLvrjaOe orav (fry BTJ/JLOTIKOS elvai,. Oecopelr 
 avrov pr) TOV \oyov, a\\a TOV fiiov, Kal aKOirelTe fjirj 
 r/9 cfrrjalv elvau, d\\a T/9 evTW. 
 
 177 'Enel Be o-Tecfidvcov av&p,vrp6yv ical Bwpewv, eo)9 
 eTi /jLe'/JLvrj/Jiai, 7rpo\e'yci) V/JLW, w avBpes ' AOyvaioi, el 
 firj /caTdXvcreTe r9 dcfrOovovs TavTas Bwpeas /cal TOU? 
 elicy BiBoue'vovs crTefydvovs, ovO* ol Tiawaevoi xdpw 
 VJMV elorovTai ovTe TOL T^9 7roXeft)9 TrpayfiaTa eira- 
 T0t9 f*ev jap irovrjpov^ ov p 
 
 v eaj3a\eLTe. " QTI 8' d\rj6rj Xeyw, 
 178 TOVTCOV oluai a^ueta Betgeiv vuiv. El yap Tt9 
 
 epcoT^o-ece TroTepov vfuv evBo^oTepa Bo/cel TI 7roXt9 elvai 
 eirl TWV vvvi tcaipav rj eTrl TO>V Trpoyovaw, airavTes 
 av 6uo\oyri(7aiTe OTL eirl TU>V irpoyovcov. "AvBpes Be 
 TTOTepov TOTe duelvovs rjaav rj vvvi ; ToVe uev Biacfie- 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 67 
 
 povT$, wvl Be vroXXco KaraSeeo-repot,. Acopeal Be /cal 
 (TTefyavou /cal /cqpvy/jiaTa fcal cnrriaei^ ev Trpvraveiq) 
 TTOTepov Tore rjcrav TrXe/ou? % vvvi ; Tore [Jikv r\v 
 <j7ravia ra tca\a Trap TJ/JLLV /ecu TO T^? apeTijs ovofJba 
 TLfjbLov ' vvv & 778?; Kara7re7r\VTdi, TO Trpayfia, KCLI TO 
 (7T(j)avovv ef edovs, a\\ ov/c etc Trpovoias TroielaOe. 
 
 OvKOVV CtTOTTOV OVTCOCTt 8iaA,Oytfo/A6^0t5 Ta? flGV Sft)ptt9 179 
 
 vvv TrXe/ou? elvcu, TCL Be TrpayfjLdTa TTJ^ TroXeco? Tore 
 fjt,a\\ov la^yeiVj KCLU TOU? avSpa? vvv fj,ev ftetpovs eivai, 
 ToVe 8' dpetvovs. 'Eyco Be TovO* uyu-a? eTTi^etpricra) 
 BiBacrKew. Otegr0' av iroTe, w avBpes 'AOyvaiot,, e@e- 
 \rj<ral TWO, eTraa/celv et? TCL '0\vfjL7ria 77 et? a\\ov 
 Tiva TCOV (7Te(pavLT(ov ayo)va)V TrajKpaTiov r] icat, a\\o 
 TL TMV fiapvTe'pcov a6\wv, el 6 crTetyavos eBlBoTO pr} 
 TO> KpaTicTTMy d\\a TO) BiaTrpagajjbe'vM ; OvBels av 
 TTOT r)@e\r)aev eTracnceiv. Nvv 8* oipai Bia TO cnrd- 190 
 viov KCLI TO 7repifjLa%r)TOV /cat TO /ca\ov /cat, TO aei/jiVT]- 
 (TTov ex TT}? vi/crjs ede\ovcn Tives TCL crcofjiaTa Trapa/ca- 
 TaOe^evoi KOI Ta? yu-ey/crTa? Ta\anr(0pia<s v 
 BiaKivBvveveiv. 
 
 TOLVVV vfjbas avTovs elvai d 
 apeTvjs, KaKetvo e/c\oyi,o-a(T0e, OTI eav fjuev 
 Ta<? Bwpeas oXiyot,? KOU a%ioi<$ KCLI /caTa TOJ)? vofjuovs 
 , TToXXoti? dycovio-Tas efeTe T^ dpeTrjs, eav Be 
 jBov\ofjL(iva> Kol Tot? BiaTrpaga/jie'vois ^apl^o-de, /cal 
 </>i/o-ct5 Bia^OepetTe. " QTI Be opOax? Xeyw, 
 ip aa<j)eo-Tepov vjAas /3ov\o/JLai, SiBdgai. Tld- 
 
68 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 Tepov vfuv dfj,eiva)V dvr]p elvai So/eel 
 
 or ev TTJ irepl 2a\a/j,iva vavfJM^id, TOV 
 evi/caTe, rj Ar)fjLocr6evr]<; 6 TTJV Taiv \ITTWV; 
 e o rrjv ev MapaOwvi fJid^rjv TOU? fiapftd- 
 povs viKria-as, rj oSro? ; "En, 8* ol aTro $u\^9 fyevyov- 
 ra TOV Srj/JLov Karayayovres ; y Apio"re{&rjs 8' o Strccuos 
 eTTUcaXovfJievos, o rrjv CLVO/JLOIOV e^tov eTrcovv/jilav ATJJJLO- 
 132 cr0evL ; '-4XA,' eywye pa TOU? 0eov<; TOU? 'OXf/iTT/of? 
 ov$ ev rat? avraLS yfjuepcus d^iov rjyov/Jiai, fieuvijcrOai 
 rov Orjpiov rovrov Kaiceivtov rwv dvSpwv. 'ETriBei^dra) 
 TOIVVV Arj/jioaOevrjs ev TCO avrov Xoyw et irov yeypa- 
 
 TTTCII TIVCL TOVTGW Twv avSptoV (TTeffravaxrai. Ayapi- 
 
 <7T09 ap rjv 6 Srj/jLos ; OVK, aXXa fJLja\o(f)p(i)v, Ka- 
 i ye ol fir) Terifjirj/jie'voi, r^9 7roXea)9 af^ot ov jap 
 Belv ev TO?? <ypdu,u,acn n^aaOaLy aXX* ev TTJ 
 ri/Jir) ro)V ev TreTrovOorwv, 77 air efcelvov TOV %po- 
 vov fJ&XP* T ^"^ e T ^ r]tJ<pas dOdvdTos ovaa 
 
 e\d/j,/3avov ; *flv d^iov eo~Tt, 
 
 183 *Hadv Tives, Z avbpe? 'AOrjvaloi, KCLTO. rou? roVe 
 ol TTO\VV TTOVOV vTTOfjietvavTes KOI 
 
 KIV&VVOVS 7rl TW ^TpVfJbOVL TTOTa/JLto eVLKWV 
 
 voi M^Sou? OVTOI Sevpo d<f>ifco/j,evoi, TOV STJ/JLOV rj 
 Scopedv, /cat eScoKev aurot? o STJ/JLOS rt/xa? //.eyaXa?, a>9 
 TOT eSofcei, rpet? \i6ivovs *EpfJLas crr^crat ev TTJ crroa 
 Trj TWV t EpfJuwv, e<f> core fjurj eTriypacfreiv ra 
 TO, eavTcov, tva ^ TCOV o-TpaTrjywv, aXXa TOV 
 
KATAKTH2I$QNT02. 69 
 
 So/cy elvai 7rlypapp.a. "Ore 6 d\rjdrj \e'ya), ef av- 184 
 rcov TWV Troirjf^drcov e'taecrOe. 'EiriyeypaTTTai, yap eirt, 
 
 fJ,V TO) TTptoTO) TtoV 'EpjAOOV, 
 
 *Hv apa Kaiceivot, Ta\a/cdp$ioi, oi Trore Mrfxav 
 
 TIaialv GTT *Hiovi y Srpvfjiovos dpfyl pod<$ y 
 Aifiov T aiOtova Kparepov r eVayoi/re? "Aprja 
 8vo-jj,eve(ov evpov d 
 
 'Eiri Se ra> 
 
 Be fiidOov AQj)vaioi raB 
 
 aperr?. 
 
 Avr ev6<Tir<$ KCLI 
 
 Ma\\ov T6? ra8' l$cov tcai, 6 
 
 ETTI Se rw Tpirw eTriyeypaTrrai, 'Ep^y, 185 
 
 "Etc Trore TrjaSe TroX^o? a//,' 'ATpetSycri, Mevecrdevs 
 
 'Hyeiro %d6eov Tpcolfcov d/ 
 r Ov TTO# J f Ouiros 6()r Aavawv 
 
 UTW? ovSev aet/ce? ' Afyvatoicri, 
 
 TroXe/^ou T a^i KCLI 
 
 "Ecm TTOV TO ra)v cTTpaTiyycov ovo/jia ; OvSa/jiov, aXXa 
 
 TO TOW Srj/jLOV. 
 
 TIpocre\Oer6 &rj rfj iavoia /cat, et? rrjv cnoav TT]V 
 \r]V aTravTow yap vfilv TWV Ka\cov epycov ra 
 ev rfj dyopa dvaKGirai. Ti ovv eaTiv, 
 
70 AI2XINOY 
 
 w ai/Spe9 'A07jvcuoL, o eya> \eyco ; 'EvravOa rj ev 
 MapaOcovi, fJ'd^rj y^pcnrraL. T/9 ovv r)v o 
 OvTO)o~l 
 
 crOe av on MtXTtaS??, e/cel Se 
 
 ovtc 
 
 OVK yrrjcre Tr\v Swpeav ravTrjv ; 
 * o 877/^0? OVK eSto/cev, a\\ CLVTL rov o^o/xaro? crvve- 
 avrq) TrpcoTcp ypcufrrjvai, irapatcaXovvTi rou? 
 187 o-rpaTiwras. Ev TOLVVV rw Myrpwcp irapa TO /3ov- 
 \evrr\piov, rjv eSore Bcopeav rot? a?ro $v\rjs favyovra 
 TOV Srjpov KCLTayayova-iV, ecmv iSeiv. ' Hv fiev jap 
 6 TO ^ri^ia^a ypd\jra$ fcal viKr\<jas 'Ap^wos o etc 
 Kol\r)<?, et? TWV tcaTayayovrayv TOV SIJ/JLOV, eypatye 5e 
 fj,ev avTois et? Ovaiav icai avaOrj/jiaTa Sovvai, 
 /3a^Lttt? (teal TOVT ecrTLV eXaTTOv r) Se'tca Spa- 
 KCLT av^pa etcaaTOv), erreiTa K\vei, a"Tavu><jai 
 6a\\ov o-T6(f>avQ) CLUTWV e/caaTov, a\\ ov %pvo-q) Tore 
 fjJev jap rfv o TOV Oa\\ov aTe<f)avo<; TI/JUO?, vvvi Se 
 Koi o xpvo-ovs KaTaTre<f>povr)Tai. Kal ov8e TOVTO el/cy 
 Trpa^ai, K\vei,, a\\ aKpiftas TTJV fBov\v]V (rtc\jrafJLevr]V 
 OCTOL avTwv 7rl ^1^X779 7ro\iopKr)0Tj(Tav, ore AatceSai- 
 KOL ol TpiaKOVTd 7rpo<re/3a\\ov rot9 KaTaXajBovai 
 riv, ov% ocroi TTJV TO^IV e\nrov ev Xcupcoveta TWV 
 ITTIOVTCOV. "On 8' aXrjdrj \eyco, d 
 
 TO 
 
 183 HEPI AQPEA2 TOI2 AHO $YAH2. 
 
 IIapavd<yva)0i, K<U o 
 
 vei, TO) TCOV fieyio-TCDV KCLKWV CUTIW. 
 
KATA KTH2I$J2NT02. 71 
 
 A. 
 
 81 TOVTO) TO) ^f^icr^aTi ea\ei<peTai, ?? TWV Karaja- 
 TOV Srjpov Soaped. El TOVT e^et fca\ws, e/celvo 
 el e/cewoi, /car a%iav Ti/A7]6r)crav, oim>9 
 
 Kalrot TTwOavofJiai <y CLVTOV fjie\\eiv \eyetv w? ov 189 
 
 TTOICO 7rapa/3a\\o)v avrco ra TWV Trpoyovcov 
 epya ovbe jap ^iKa^^va <>r\<jei TOV TTVKTrjV O\VJJL- 
 iriacn arefyavwOrivat, viK^aavTa T\avicov TOV 
 eicelvov TTVKrrjv, d\\a roi/9 KaO* eavrov a 
 
 wcnrep VJACLS dyvoovvras ort rot? /j,ev TTVKTCUS ecrrlv 6 
 
 jcov 7T/309 aou?, Tot9 
 ?rpo9 avTrjv rrjv dpeT^v ^9 fcal eve/co, are^avovvTai. Ael 
 yap TOV /cripVKa dtyevBeiv, OTCLV Tr\v avapprjcriv ev TO) 
 
 7T/D09 TOV9 '' ' E\\rjVa^ Mr) OVV t]j 
 
 ireiro\iTevo-ai 
 
 OVTOJ 
 
 rf lva Se fJUT] diroTT\avw v^as avro Trjs vTroOe'crecos, 190 
 fuv 6 ypap/jiaTevs 
 rot9 diro $v\rj$ TOV 
 
 vfuv 6 ypap/jiaTevs TO eTrtypapfJia o 
 
 yovcriv. 
 
 EHirPAMMA. 
 dpGTri<$ eve/co, (TTecfrdvois lyepaipe 
 
 AOrjvcucov, ol TTOTC TOU9 aS// 
 p^avTa^ ?roXto9 nrp^TOi /caTcnraveiv 
 Hpt;av, KivSvvov aco/jLacriv apafjuevoi. 
 
72 AI2XINOY 
 
 191 "On rovs Trapa TOU9 VO/JLOVS ap^avras Ka-r 
 
 Bta TOUT' avTovs <j)7]ai,v o TTOLIJT^ Ti/ArjOrjvcu. "Evav- 
 \ov yap ?]v rore iraaiv on Tyvucavra 6 Srj/jios /care- 
 \v6r], Treiori Tives ra? ypatyas T&V Trapavo/Jiayv dvel- 
 \ov. Kal yap rot, a>9 eyco TOV irarpo^ TOV e/juavrov 
 7TvvOav6fJL7)v (o? err} fiiov? vevr)KOVTa Kal 7reWe ere- 
 \evTqcrev, aTrdvToov /zerao-^wz/ TWV TTOVCOV rfj 7ro\ei), 
 
 b? 7ToXXat9 7T/30? 6//e &ierji, wl cr^oX^?. E(f)7j yap, 
 
 ore a/mew? KaT\rj\u6ei, 6 817/^09, a Tt9 eiaiot, ypa<f>Tj 
 TrapavojJLwv et9 SitcaaTiipiov, clvai O/JLOIOV TO ovo/j,a KCU 
 192 TO epyov. Ti yap iotiv dvoaitorepov clvSpo? irapd- 
 \eyovros Kal irparrovro^ ; Kai, rrjv axpoacriv, 
 e/cetj/09 dirriyye\\evy ov TOV avrbv rponov CTTOIOVVTO 
 
 vvv ylyveTai, aX\ crai/ TTO\V %a\7ra)Tpoi, 01 
 Bt,fca<TTai, T0t9 Trapavo/Jia ypacfrovaw CLVTOV TOV /caTrj- 
 yopov, KO\ 7roXXa/^t9 dveTro&ifyv TOV ypa/j,fjiaTea Kal 
 Ke\evov 7rd\iv dvayiyvwo-Keiv TOi/9 vouous Kal TO tyr]- 
 <f)icrfjba, Kal ij\io-KOVTO ol 7rapdvofj.a ypdfyovTes OVK el 
 TrdvTas 7rapa7rr]$T]o-ai,6v TOV$ VO/JLOVS, aXX et, fitav fio- 
 vov o-v\\a/3r]V Trapa\\d%aiV. To Be vvvi yiyvouevov 
 v7repKaTaye\ao~Tov ecrTiv 6 fJikv yap ypajj,- 
 dvayiyvcocrKei TO Trapdvopov, ol Be BiKaaTal 
 e7T(t)Sr)V rj d\\OTpiov TI TTpayua aKpowfievoi 
 193 7rp09 eVepft) TLvl T7)V yvwfirjv e^ovcnv. H$7] 8 etc 
 
 MeTevr\veKTai yap vf 
 TCL T?79 7ro / Xeo)9 SiKaia 6 fAev yap KdTrjyopo? a?roXo- 
 
KATAKTH2I$flNT02. 73 
 
 yelrat,, 6 8e favycw r^v ypa<f>r)V /caTTjyopel, ol 8e Si,- 
 Kaaral eviore &v pe'v elan, tcpiral eTriKavOdvovrcu, wv 
 8' oi) K, elai SiKaaral, Trepl TOVTGOV dvay/cd&VTai 
 V (frepew. Aeyei Se o favycov, lav dpa TroO* a 
 rov Trpdy/jiaTOS, ov% 9 evvopa yeypafav, d 
 7TOT6 Kai irporepov erepo? roiavra ypd' 
 (frvyev. E(f> w /cal vvvi fieya (frpovelv afcova) KT^CTC- 194 
 (ftcovra, er6\fia 8 ev V/JULV Trore arefjLVvveo'Oai Apiaro- 
 <j)0)v etcelvos o 'Atflvievs \eya)v on, ypa^as Trapavo/Acov 
 
 vTa teal Trevre. 
 
 6 Ke(f)a\os 6 TToXaios efcelvos, 6 So/cwv 
 yeyovevcu, ov% oi/ro)?, a\\ 7n rot? 
 e^>tXoTf/Atro, \eycov QTI TrXetcrra Trdvrcov ye- 
 
 irapavo/jiayv, /cakws, ol/iat, <re/jt,vvvdpevos. 'Eypd(povTo 
 yap aXX^Xou? irapavo^wv ov povov ol Sia7ro\nevo[jievoi, 3 
 d\\d KOI ol (f)l\ot TOU? c^/Xou?, 6t TI e^dfjudpTOiev et? Trjv 
 
 . 'E/ceWev Se rovro yva>cr0'0e. 'Apyfivos yap o etc 195 
 
 ypd-^aTO TrapavojJLwv Qpao"uftov\ov rov Sret- 
 piea jpd^ravrd ru irapd TOVS POPOVS, [crT</>ai/oi)y] eva 
 TCOV avyKaT6\6dvTOOV avrq) aTro <t>v\rjs, /cat ei\e vecocrrl 
 yeyewrj/jLe'voyv avrOt TWV evepyecncov, a? ov% i>7re\oyi- 
 aavro ol SL/caarai, r^yovvro yap, oicnrep rore avrovs 
 <f>6vyovTas aTTO $v\r)$ Q pacrv/3ov\os tcarriyayev, OVTCO 
 vvv fJitvovTas %e\auviv ypa<povra rt irapa rovs vo- 
 /tou?. *AX)C ov vvv, d\\a nrav rovvavriov ylyverai, 1% 
 oi yap ayaOot arpar'rjyot vyCw KCLI TWV ra? 
 
74 AI2XINOY 
 
 TW69 evp7)fj,eva)V Iv TO) 7rpvTavi(p e^aiTovvTcu ra? ypa- 
 <>a9 TGOV TrapavofMoyv, 01)9 vfiei? ct%apiGTOV$ eivcu St,- 
 /ea/o>9 av inroXa^dvoire el jap rt9 ev ^rf^oKpa-ria 
 TeTtyt?7/-iei/09, ev TOiavry TroTure/a rjv ol Oeol KCU ol vo- 
 IJLQL crco 
 
 197 T/9 ovv aTroBe&ei/CTai, Xoyo9 dv&pl 
 
 KOI crdxfrpovi ; *Eya) \e(t). t9 Tpia pe 
 rj rjjjbtpa, OTCLV eicrir) ypa<j)r] Trapavo^wv et9 TO 
 piov. 'Ey%elTai, jap TO p,ev irpwTov vBcop 
 
 yopft) Kal T0t9 VOfJLOLS KOI Trj Srj/JLOKpClTia, TO & SeVTpOV 
 
 T&> Trjv ypa<j)r)v (frevyovTi, Kal TOI et9 avTo TO 
 \e<yov(Tiv eVetSai/ 8e TTJ TrptoTrj tyrifyw p/r) \v@fj 
 TO Trapdvo/jiov, ifirj TO TpiTOV vBcop ey%iTai, TT; Tifir\aet> 
 19S KOI TO) fieyedet TTJS opyr)<; T^9 v/JLTpa<;. "OaTis fiev ovv 
 
 ev TT) TLfjLTjffei, TTJV tyrjffrov aiTei, TTJV opyrjv TTJV 
 irapaiTeiTau 6crrt9 5 ev TW TTpcoTO) \oya> TTJV ifrvj^ov ai- 
 Tel, opicov aiTei, VO/JLOV alTei, SrjjLLOKpaTiav atret, wv OVT 
 (UTrjcrai ovBev OCTLOV ovSevl OVT aiTtjOevTa Tp(p Sovvcu. 
 ovv avTov$, edo-avTas V/JLO,? TTJV TTpMTrjv ^frrj- 
 
 
 <j)ov KdTa TOU9 VOfAOU? $ieveyKeLV, airavTav et9 TTJV TI- 
 199 fiyo'iv. f/ OXft>9 8' eycoye, w avSpes ' AOijvalot,, o\lyov 
 
 ct>9 /cal VOJJLOV 
 
 IJLOVOV rat9 Trapavofjicov, pr) l^eivai yLt^re T&> 
 avwrjyopovs Trapacr^eo'dai, ^Te TOJ Trjv ypa<f>rjv TCOV 
 Trapavofjicov favyovTi. Ov yap aopiaTov eaTt TO 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 75 
 
 fl<T7rep yap ev rfj TeKToviKy, orav elSe'vcu /3ov\a)fie0a 200 
 
 TO Op6oV Kttl TO //-TJ, TOV KCLVQVCL TTpOCr(j)6pOfieV O) &- 
 
 yiyvwcrKeTai,, OVTW Kal ev TOI<$ ypacfrals Tat? TWV Tra- 
 pavopcov Trapa/ceiTCM icavcov TOV SIKCUOV TOVTL TO aa- 
 vt,$iov Kal TO tyrifyio- pa /cal ol Trapayeypa^evot, VO/JLOI,. 
 TavTa GV/JLcfrcovovvTa a\\rj\oi<$ eTTtSe/fa? KaTajBaive 
 Kal TL 8et ere Arj^oaOevrjv TrapaicdKeiv ; *' QTOV 8* 
 vTTp7T'rjSr](7a(f TTJV SiKaiav airoXoyiav irapaKakr)^ Ka- 
 Kovpyov avOpcoTTOV Kal Te^viTrjv \oywv, ^XeTTTei? rrjv 
 ciKpoacriv, /SXctTTTe^? Trjv iroXiv, KaTa\vei<? Tr)v STJ/JLO- 
 KpaTiav. 
 
 Tt? ovv eo~Tiv airoTpOTrrj TWV TOIOVTGOV \oycov ; Eyco 201 
 epw. Erreio'av 7rpoae\6cov evTavOol 
 
 TOUTO $T TO 
 
 GOLT avTov avev 6opv/3ov TO aavio'iov \ajBeiv Kal TOV? 
 Tft> ^r^io-jJiaTt, irapavayvoovai,. 'Eav 8e ^77 
 fjLO>v aKQveiVy fj,r)8e vfjiei? eKeivov ede\6T6 
 aicoveiv ov yap TWV (frevyovTcov Ta9 ov 
 \oyia$ eia-e\rjKv6aTe aKpoacrofjievoi, d\\a 
 TODV StKaico? aTTO\oyei(rOai. Eav S v 
 SiKatav a7ro\oylav A^fJioa-Oev^v T 
 IJ,ev fir) 7rpoaSe%eo-0 Kawvpyov av6pa>7rov, olofievov 
 f? VO/JLOV? ava(,p7](rei,v, [irjB* ev apeTy TOV@* 
 ls KaTa\oyi%eo-da), 05 av eTravepofievov K.Tr)~ 
 i Ka\ecrr) Arjfioo-Oevrjv TT^WTO? dva^or^crrj 
 Ka\ei, Ka\ec. 'Ejrl cravTov KaXeis, 7rl TOU9 vo- 
 
76 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 jj,ov$ /ca\eis, eiri TTJV S?; pore par lav /eaXet?. *Av 6 apa 
 vfuv SOT) atcovew, afydxrare TOP Arj/jLoa-Oevrjv TOV avTov 
 
 203 TpoTrov aTro\ojeia6ai> bvTrep fcayco KaTrjyoprj/ca. Eyco 
 Se 7ra>9 Karrj<yopr]Ka ; Iva tcai v7ro/jLvr)cra) v^as. Ovre 
 rbv iSiov ftiov TOV ArmocrOzvovs Trporepov Bt,e^rj\0ov 83 
 ovre TWV Srj/jiocTlcov d^ifCTj/jLCLToyv ov&evbs Trporepov efjivri- 
 aOrjVt a<f)6ova S^TTOV /cat 7ro\\a e-^wv \eyeiv, rj Trdvrwv 
 y* av etrjv aTropforaro^ a\\a Trpwrov p^ev rou? vo- 
 
 Sei,^a aTrayopevovTas fir] crT<f)avovv rou? vTrev- 
 , eTreiTa rov p^ropa ef>yXe/fa ypatyavra ATJ/J.O- 
 aOevrjv virevOvvov ovra are^avovv ovSev 7rpo/3a\o/jivov, 
 ov$e Trpoaeyypa^jravTa eirei^av Sw ra? evOv 
 d\\a 7ravTe\c0s Kai vfiwv Kal TGOV VO/JLCOV 
 vrjKora KCU ra? ecroyLteVa? 77/309 ravra 
 
 204 elirov, a? afyw KOI v/j,as SiafjLvrjfJioveveiv. AevTepov S J 
 vfjuv Si,^\0ov TOU? Trepl rcov Krjpvyfjidrcov VO/AOVS, ev 
 ot9 Siapprj&rjv dTrelprjrai TOV VTTO TOV Srj/j,ov o-Tecfiavov- 
 fj,evov fiif] KvipvTTecrQat, ef<y r^9 e/c/cXrjcrias 6 8e prjrcop 
 6 <f>vya)V T7]V ypcufirjv ov rou9 VOJAOV? JJLOVOV Trapafte- 
 ffrj/cev, a\\a /cal TOV Kaipov 7779 avapprjo-ew? Kal TOV 
 
 TOTTOV, K6\VCOV OVK V Ty KK\rj(7 LCi, d\\ V TO) 
 
 TTJV dvdpprj&iv 
 
 vcua)V, a\\a fjie\\ovTcov Tpayw&wv eicnevai. TavTa 8' 
 CiTrcov fjiiKpa [lev irepl TCOV iSicov CLTTOV, TO, Se 
 rrepl TWV STJ/JLOO-LCOV dSLKrjfjLaTcov \ejco. 
 205 OVTW Si] fcal TOV Arjfjioo-OevTjv aftcoo-are a 
 77/909 TOV TCOV vTrevOvvcov VO/JLOV TrpcoTov 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 77 
 
 TOV wept TO>V KypvyfjiaTcov Sevrepov, rpirov 8e TO //.e- 
 \eyco, 9 ovSe afto? ecrn T^9 Saipeas. ' 
 Serjrai, awyxcoprjo-ai avTw irepi, TT}? Ta 
 TOU Xo'you, Kare'ira'yyehXo/jLevos w? eVi T^ reXeirn; 
 
 Xytret TO Trapdvo/Jiov, fir) crv<y%copeiT, 
 on TrakaicrfJia TOVT earl ^iKaarrjpiov ov 
 yap elcravOis Trore j3ov\TCU TT^O? TO 'Trapavofjiov anro- 
 \ojela6ai,, aXX* ou8ey e^wz^ Sifcaiov eiirelv erepcov ira- 
 pjJijBo\.r) irpayfJLcuTwv et? XTJ^I/ i/yu,a? povKerat, TT}? 
 
 e^^akelv. "flcnrep ovv ev rot? ryvfjuviKol? 206 
 
 opare TOU? TTVKTCIS Trepl 
 
 o\t]V 
 
 , ovrco /ca vfjies ot]V TTJV rj^epav 
 TTJS TroXew? Trepi T^? Tafeo)? aura) ToO \oyov 
 Kal /z?) eare avrov et? TOU? efw row Trapavofiov Xo /r you? 
 irepucrraaOaL, aXX ey/caOrj/jievoi teat, eveSpevovres ev rrj 
 afcpoacrei, eiare\avveT avrov et9 TOU9 TOU Trpaj^aro^ 
 \oyov$, KCLI ra-9 eicrpoTras avrov rwv \oya>v eTrirrjpelre. 
 * a Sr] avfJ,/3rio'Tai, vfMV, eav rovrov rbv rporrov 20? 
 afcpoacrw rroiricrOe, ravO vpiv rjSrj Si/caws eifju 
 ^et, yap rov yorjra Kai /3a\avrio- 
 Ovros K\aet, 
 
 paov rj aXXo^ <ye\waw, eTTiop/cei Be TravTcav rrpo- 
 OVK av Qavacraiii Se el 
 
 VTT 
 
 ?rpo9 TO TOU fcarrjyopov /Brjpa, TOU9 
 TO TOU (pevyovTos. r Orav Sr) ra roiavra Xey^, 208 
 
 7* 
 
78 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 7T/909 /JLV TOU9 CTT CL<T ICL(TT iKOV 9 oyOf9 KIVO dVTq) V7TO- 
 
 /SaXXere, OT& co A r) HOG 6 eves, el <rol ?]o~av OJJLOLOL 
 oi aTro <t>X?79 (f>evyovra rov SrjfMov Karaya- 
 yovrest OVK av 7ro0 J rj SrjpoicpaTia /caTearTj. 
 Nvv Se eicelvoi /Jbev fieyd^cov KCLKWV <rv/ji/3av- 
 T(ov ecraxrav rr)V 7ro\t>v TO Ka\\i<TTOv e/c 
 Betas prj/jia ^Oey^d^evoL, Mr) 
 av Se 6X^07704669, /cal //.aXXoi/ <rot jJLe\et, rwv 
 Xoycov r) rrjs awTtjpLas r^9 7roX6O)9. 
 wv et9 Trjv Sia ra)v opiccov iriaTiv /ca- 
 ra<f)vyyavrj, eicelvo aTrofiv^fiovevaare avrq), bri TO> TTO\- 
 
 f Orav 8' eTrioKos wv et9 Trv Sia 
 
 del 8e 7ro9 rou9 avrovs 
 
 TTLareveaOat, bvoiv Odrepov vTrdp^cu Bel, 
 <v ovberepov eari, A^^oaGevei virdp^pVy r) TOU9 
 
 TI rou9 a/cpoaras /JLTJ TOVS 
 209 Tlepl Se rct)v Satcpvayv real rov TOVOV rrjs cfrayvTJs, orav 
 fyLta9 eTrepwra, irol tearcKfrvyQ), w av&pe? 'AQvj- 
 valot, ; II epiy pa^Jrare fie e/c r^9 7roXtT6/a9* 
 
 OVK eOTTLV OTTOfc (IV ttTTTT] CT fJ, CL I, av6vTTO/3d\\eT6 84 
 
 avrq), o Be 897/^09 o 'Adrjvatwv Trot Kara(j)vyrj t 
 4r)fjLO(T0ves ; IIpos TTOICLV (rvfjbjjud'^wv Trapa- 
 <TKevr\v; Upos irola ^pri^ara; Tl 7rpofta\- 
 \ofjievos VTTep rov STJ^OV TreTro^irevo-ai ; l A 
 fiev jap VTrep aeavrov pe(Bov\evo~ai, airav- 
 T69 opco/jiev. EK\ITTWV fJbev TO acrrv OVK OL- 
 Kels, <9 So/ce69, ev HeLpaie'i, aXX* egop/Aels 
 
 K T?79 7TO / X6ft)9, (j)o8l,a $ 7T 67T Op I <T a I rfj craV~ 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNT02. 79 
 
 TOV dvavSpia TO /3 a & t,\ t, KO v ^pvalov Kai, Ta 
 Srjfjboo-ia ScopoSofcrjucbTa. f/ OXo>9 Se rl Ta Ba/cpva; 210 
 T/9 I] Kpavyri ; T/9 o TOVO<$ Trjs (jxovrjs ; OL% o 
 fjuev TJJV ypaffrrjv favycov earl KTrjeuficov, 6 B 
 OVK aTi^rjTOS, crv S ovre Trepi, 7779 ovcrias ovre 
 TOV G-waTos OVT6 
 
 irepl TWOS e<TTiv avTO) r) o-TrovBrj ; Ilept ^pvcrcov <ne- 
 /col KfjpvyiiJLaTayv ev TU> OeaTpq) Trapa TOi/9 vo- 
 ov expty, el KCU navels o Bfjpos rj TWV KaOe- 211 
 
 7rtX6X?;(7/ieVo9 eirl TOiavTrjs a/ccupias e{3ov- 
 Xero (TTe<f>avovv CIVTOV, 7rape\0ovTa 6^9 
 , av&pes *A Orjvalo i, TOV /JLCV 
 
 TOI/ Se fcaipov aTroSoKifjid^a) ev o> 
 TO Kripvy/bia ylyveTai* ov jap Sel efi ot9 ^ 
 7roXfc9 eTrevOrjcre tea], etcetpaTO, 7rl TOVTOIS 
 eue (7T(f)avov(70ai,. '-4XX* olaai, TavTa /JL^V av 
 eiiroL dvrjp o^ra>9 ySeySta>/c&)9 fteT dpeTrjs a Se av Xe- 
 ^et9, eiTTOi, av rcaOapua %rj\oTV7rovv apeTTjv. Ov jap 212 
 Srj act TOV ( HpaK\ea TOVTO ye VJJLCOV ovSeis cfropTjQr]- 
 creTai,, ur) 6 ArjaoaOevr)^, avrjp yu-eyaXoi|ru^09 teat, TOL 
 7TO\efjii,/ca Siaffrepcov, diroTV^cov TWV dpto-Tetcov 
 7rave\0cov eavTov o*iari(7r)Tai, 09 TOCTOVTOV 
 
 wcrre Tr)V uiapav 
 TavTrjv Kal V7rev6vvov, TJV OVTOS Trapa irdvTas rou9 vo- 
 /Ltof9 yeypafa aTe^avcocrai,, pvpidKis /caTaTeTurj/ce teal 
 TOVTCOV nicr6ov<$ e'tKrjfye TpavuaTO? eK TTpovota? 
 
 , KCLL KaTaKKov$v\io~Tai, ware avTov 
 
80 AI2XINOY 
 
 ra rcov KovBv\cov I'Xy 1 *) TCDV MeiBiov eyew en fyavepd* o 
 yap avQpa)7ro<? ov K(f)a\^v f d\\a TrpoaoBov Ke 
 
 213 Tlepl Be Krr](n,(f>a)vros rov ypdtyavros rrjv 
 /3pa%e'a /3ov\oaai elrrelv, ra Be TroXXa V7rep/3r}o-o/j,ai, 
 iva KCLI Treipav vpwv \a/3a), et SwaaOe TOV$ a(j)oSpa 
 Trovrjpous, Kav yu-rj rt? Trpoe'iTrr), Siayiyvcoo-Kew 08* 
 earl KOIVOV K<U SLKCUOV KCLT afjifyoreptov avrcov a7ray- 
 yei\cu Trpos u/xa?, TOUT' epw. nepcep^ovrat, yap ryv 
 dyopav aXyOeis KCLT d\\ri\a>v e^ovre^ So^a? /cal \oyovs 
 
 214 ov i/reuSe^ Xeyoi/re?. 'O fiev yap Krrjcn^wv ov TO 
 
 eavTov (j)r)o-i (^o/SelaOai, e\7rieiv yap 
 elvaiy d\\a rqv rov Arfuoo-Qevovs ev rfj 
 
 (f>r)al ^o^elaOai KOI rrjv fjL r ir\r)1~i,av 
 Sei,\tav 6 Be A^fJiocrOev^ et9 avrov /iez/ aTro/SX 
 Qappeiv (^Tjalv, rrjv Be rov K.T7)o~i<f)covTOS Trovrjpiav /ecu 
 7ropvo/3o(7Kiav io-%vpo)<? SeSievai,. Tovs BTJ Kareyvoj/co- 
 ra? aXX?]Xa)^ aSiKelv fJLTjSafjiws vfjuels ol KOivol icpiral 
 TWV eyrc\rjfjLaT(ov airo\vcrr]TG. 
 
 215 Hepi Be rwv et? epawrov \ocBopiwv jBpa^ea /3ov\ouai 
 TTpoeiTrelv. HvvQavo^ai yap \e%eiv dTjuoo-Oe'vrjv w? ^ 
 7roXt9 VTT avTov fjicv wtyeXrjTai, TroXXa, VTT efAov Be xa- 
 Ta/3ej5Xa7TTai, Kal TOV 3>i\nnrov Kal rov *Akiav&pov 
 Kal Ttt? aTTO TOVTCOV alrla$ avotcrew evr eae. Ovrco 
 yap ecrriv, a>9 eoiKe, Beivos Brjuiovpyos \oycov ware OVK 
 aTTo^prj avrq), el ri 7T7ro\iTevuai, Trap 9 v/juv eyay ^ el 
 
 216 rivas Brjaqyoplas elpTjKa, TOVTMV KaTqyopelv, d\\a Kal 
 rr)V r)o~v%lav JJLOV rov fltov Bia/3d\\ei, Kal 
 
KATA KTH2ISQNT02. 81 
 
 fiov Karyyopei, iva /LLijBels avrw TOTTO? ao~VKo<j)avrr)ro$ 
 TrapaXeiTryrai,, teal ras ev rols jv/JLvaato^ uera rcov 
 vewrepcov fjbov Siarpi/3a<; Karaaea^erat, /cat Kara 
 rrj<? Kpicrecos evOvs ap^duevos rov \oyov fyepei, 
 alriav, \eycov a>9 eya) TTJV <ypa(j)r)v ov% VTrep T^ 
 
 o9 CIVTOV e^Opav. Kal VTJ AL , a>9 eyco irvvBavopai, 217 
 fjie dvepwrav Bia T/ TO ftev K(j)d\aiov rrjs TTO\I>- 
 
 ta9 avrov tyeyco, ra Be /cad e/caarov ov/c 
 01/8* 6jpa(f)d/^ir]v, d\\a 8ia\t,7rcov Kal irpbs rrjv 
 recap ov TTVKVCL Trpocriwv aTrrivey/ca TTJV <ypa<f)7]v. Ejco 
 Se ovre ra9 Arj^oo-Oevovs $iarpi/3as efrjTiw/ca, ovr eiii 
 
 e/jiavTOu aLa^yvofjbai, ovre TOVS eiprj/jievovs ev 
 \dyov? fjbavTa> appr\Tov<$ elvaC j3ov\oijjLr)v, ovre ra avra 
 rovro) SrjiLLvjyopricras eBe^dfJLTjv av tfjv. Trjv 8* /j,r)V 213 
 (TiwTrrjv, w Arj/jido-Qeves, rj TOV ftiov fJierpLorr]^ irape- 
 cr/cevao'ev aptcel jap JULOI, (jiiKpa /cat, fjiet^ovcov at 
 OVK eTTLOvfia), ware Kal GIJW Kal \ejco 
 aX\' ov/c dvayKa^daevos VTTO r^9 ev rrj 
 Sv S', olfjiaiy Xa/9a>y /JLCV (jeaiy^Ka^y dva\cocra<s Se Ke- 
 Kpayas. Aeyeis Be ov% error av croi BoKy ovB* a fBov\ei, 
 aXX* OTrdrav ol aio-doBorai, croi Trpoararrcoaiv OVK 
 alo")(yvri Be aXa^ovevdaevo^ a irapa^pruJLa e^e\ej^rj 
 
 ri jap rj Kara rovBe rov tyy- 219 
 ypafyri, rjv ov% vTrep 7779 7roXeo)9, aXX vrrep 
 
 7:7309 'A\e'%avBpov 
 
 rrplv 
 
82 AI2XINOY 
 
 KaTacrTTjvat, OVTTO) o~ov TO ire pi Havaaviav evvirvtov 
 ecopa/coTOS ovBe 717)09 TTJV AOrjvav K.CLI TTJV Hpav vv- 
 
 KTUtp SLi\JfJLVOV. UoJ? OLV OVV ejCO TrpOeveBeiKVVfJL7]V 
 el ye fJLT] TaVTO ZVVTTVIOV JO) KOI 
 
 220 '^TrtTiyLta? ^e fJLOL el /Jirj o-ui/e^co?, d\\a 
 
 7T/90? TOV Srj/jLov TTpoaep^ofjiai, Kal rrjv a^iwaw ravrrjv 
 oiei, \av6aveiv i]fj,a<$ fjuera^epcov OVK e/c BTJ/JLO Kparias, 
 a\\ e% erepa? TroXtre/a?. 'Ev fiev yap rat? o\iyap- 
 XLCU? ov% o /3ov\o/jLevos, a\\ 6 Svvao-revcov Karrjyopei, 
 ev Be rat? STJ/JLOK paricus 6 povKopevos real orav avrto 
 80^77. Kal TO /JLev Sia %povov \eyeiv arjfielov e&Tiv errl 
 
 TWV KCUpWV Kai TOV (TVfji<f)epOVTOS ClvSpOS TTO\{,TVOfJievOV, 
 
 TO Be wBe/jLiav 7rapa\ei7retv r^epav epyafype'vov real 
 
 221 jMcrOapvovvTOS. 'Tirep Be TOV fi^irco KCKplaOat VTT 
 e/jiov /JirjBe TWV aBiKijfJiaTtov Ti/Jiwpiav VTroo-^elv, orav 
 Ka,Ta(j)evyr)$ ejri TOI;? TOIOVTOVS \oyovs, rj rou? afcovov- 
 
 rj cravrov 
 
 Ta fjiev jap Trepl T0i>9 AfjL<j)icro-ea$ rjae^rjfjieva croi Kal 
 
 TOL Trepl Trjv Evfioiav BtopoBofcrjfle'vTa, xpovcov eyyeyevrj- 
 
 fjidvwv ev of? V7T efJLov fyavepws efijXey^ov, tcrw? e\7r/- 
 
 222 ^6i9 TOV BrjjAov d/j,vr)/jiove'iv TO, Be Trepl ra9 
 
 TOU9 Tpirjpapxovs dpTrayfiaTa T9 av aTTOKpv^rai 
 BvvaiT av, OTe vofJLo6eTr\cra^ Trepl TWV TpiaKOo-iwv 
 Kal aavTov. Treiaas Afrifvatavs eTTKrTaTfjv Tagai TOV 
 vavriKov, 6^77X6^^779 VTT epov e%r\icovTa K,ai TrevTe vewv 
 
 Tr\eiov r9 
 
KATA KTH2I<J>GNT02. 83 
 
 7roXe<w9 d<j)avto)V vavTiKov rj ore * AQ^valoi TTJV ev IVa- 
 f &> vavpayiav AaKeBaipovlovs Kai IIo\\iv evlKfjaav ; 
 Ovro) Be rat? aiiiais eve(j>pat;a$ Ta? Kara aavrov TI~ 223 
 Capias ware TOV KivBvvov elvai, fjurj croi TO) abucricravTt,, 
 d\\a rot? Gn^LQvaiy TroKvv fjiv Tov ^AXe^avSpov /cat 
 TOV 3>i\t7r7rov ev rat? &a/3o\at9 fa'poov, alriwfJLevo^ Be 
 rivas e//,7roS/fe^ TOW rrjs 7roXea)9 Kaipovs, del TO Trapov 
 \vfjiaiv6 jjuevos, TO Be jjLe\\ov Kare7raj f ye\\ofjuevo^. Ov 224 
 TO TeXeuTatoz/ ei<7ayye\\o-0ai, fjLe\\a)v VTT e^ov rr]v 
 TOV flpewov KaTecncevaaas, TOV 
 
 TO, djopda^aTa 'OXfyLtTTtaSt dyopdtyvTOS, Kai TOV avTOV 
 
 avBpa Stec7T/3eySXft)cra9 TTJ CTCIVTOV %e^t rypd^Jra^ avTOV 
 
 JLLaxrai, Kai nrapa TOE) avTq> ev flpea) 
 ajro T^9 ai/T779 TpaTre&s etyayes Kai, eiues 
 KOI TTJV Sefyav eve/3a\es avBpa <pl\ov 
 %evov TTOiovjAevos, /cat, TOVTOV aTre/cTeiva? ; Kai 
 TOVTCOV ev aTracriv AQ^vaioi^ ee\e<y%6ei,<? VTT eaov Kai 
 gevoKTovos ov TO dae'/3r}ua r]pvr}(Ttt> t aXX* dire- 
 ecj) a) ave/3or)(rev 6 877/1,09 Kai bvoi evoi TrepiecrTa- 
 aav T7]V KK\r}(Ti,av efyycrOa yap TOU9 
 Trepi, 7r\ei,ovos TTOirfa-aadai Trjs ^evi/crjs 
 86 'E7rt(7TO\a9 Be aiyco tyevBels Kai KaTaaKOTrcov av\- 225 
 
 Kai jBaa-dvovs eV aiTiais dyevriToi,?, W9 euov 
 TIVODV ev Ty iroKei vecoTepi^eiv (3ov\ouevov. ETrei,- 
 Ta eTrepcoTav ae, &>9 eyco 7rvv6avojJiai, ue\\ei, Tt9 av 
 e'lrj TOtouTO9 laTpos 6 / crTi9 TW voaovvTi fjieTa^v uev acrOe- 
 VOVVTI urjBev crv/jL/3ov\voi, Te\evTr\o-avTO^ Be avTov e\@cov 
 
84 AI2XINOY 
 
 et9 ra evara Bie^lot, 7rpo9 rot9 oliceiovs a 
 
 t N A ' / V <>P>>>> /A 
 
 226 vyirjs av eyevero. 2,avrov o ov/c avrepwras, TIS av 
 e'lrj ftgywyopyof roioOro? ocrrt? TCI/ yu-ey Brjuov OcoTrevcrai 
 , rovs Se Kdipovs ev of? ^y ato&aOcu rrjv TTO\W 
 
 eiv, air o$ pas S' /c TCOI/ KW&VVCOV KCLI, T^V TTO- 
 
 7r apery, ayaOov p,ev TreTroirj/cws /jiijBev, iravrcov Be 
 KCIKWV curio? yeyovws, eirepcoT^rj Be TOL>? (rvKO(f)av- 
 
 e/c rrjs TroXtTe^a? err eiceivfov TWV tcaipwv or 
 
 a rt, avrov ov/c e/ca)\vo-av %a/j,apra- 
 227 vew ; ' ATroKpvrrroiro Be TO ndvrwv re\evralov, on, 
 T^9 yLta^?;? eTnyevo/Aevr)? ov/c 6<r^oXab^ez; irepi rrjv o~r)v 
 elvat rifjiaypiav, aXX virep rrjs o-Q)r / rjpia<s T?}? ?roXe&)9 
 eTTpeo-pevofjuev eTretBrj Be OVK drre^Tj o~oi Bl/crjv fj,r) 
 SeBay/cevat, aXXa /ecu Bapea? alrels /caraye\aarov ev 
 
 TTO\LV TTOIWV, evravO evecrrt]v /ecu rrj 
 
 223 Kal vr) rov<$ 6eov$ rovs 'OXu/ATT/of?, S)V eyco 
 vo^ai ArnjLoa6evr]v \e%eiv, e<f) a> vvvi ^eXXa> 
 dyava/crco /jLaXicrra. ' Afyopowl yap -uov r^v $v 
 Tat? Seiprjcnv, a>9 eoi/ce. Kal ydp VTT e/celvcov ov /crj- 
 \eicr0ai <j)r)cn rovs a/cpocouevovs, aXX a7ro\\vcr6ai, 
 BtOTrep ovB ' evBorcifjielv rrjv rwv Seipr^vcov fjiovcrt/crjV 
 /cal Br) real rrjv rcov eacov \6ycov e^rreipiav KOL rr]v 
 (ftvcnv aov yeyevrjcrOai errl /3\d/3r) rcov aKovovrcov. 
 Katroi rov \6yov rovrov 6 / Xa>9 uev eycoye ovBevl rrpz- 
 
KATA KTHSI-fcQNTOS. 85 
 
 7Tiv r/yov/jiai, Trepl efjiov \eyeiv (rrjs yap ama? atcr^pov 
 TOV alrt(D/jivdv eari TO epyov pr) e^eiv eTTtSetfatJ, et, 220 
 
 6' rjv dvaytcalov pr)@7Jvai, ov A^fJioaOevov^ YJV o Xo /f yo9, 
 aXX* dvSpo? crrpaTTjyov /JuejaXa fjikv rrjv TroXiv fca- 
 reipjao-jjuevov, \eyew 8e aSvvarov real TTJV TWV clvn- 
 Sl/ccov Sia TOVTO ef^Xtw/coro? fyvcriv, on o-uvo&ev eavra) 
 ev ovbev wv SiaTreTTpaKTai, Swape'voi (ppacrai, TOV Be 
 pov opa Swdfuevov feat TCL fjbj] ireTrpayfjLe.va v(f> 
 TrapKTTavat, rot? aKovovaw &><? Siw/crjKev. "OTCIV 8' 
 ^ ovofJbciTWV avytceijmevos avQpatiros, /cat TOVTWV 
 
 l irepiepyav, erreuTa em Trjv dirKoT^Ta /cat TO, epja 
 vyrj, T/9 av avacr^oiTO ; Ov TTJV <y\wTTav wcr- 
 Trep TCOV avXcov edv rt? dtyeXyj TO \ot>7rbv ovSev e&TW. 
 
 8* eja)j6 vfjiwv, w av8pe$ *A6rjvaioi t /cal 230 
 7T/30? T/ av a7ro/3Xe7ro^T69 d7ro^lrrj<j)lcrai(70 T^V 
 ypa(f)r]v. JJoTep a>? TO -^r/^tcr/Lta. ecTTiv evvofiov ; 
 A\\ ovSefjiia TrooTrore jvcofjurj TrapavofjiWTepa yeye- 
 vr)Tai. J -4XX' t9 o TO ^JI^KT^LCL ypatyas OVK eiriTT]- 
 8eio9 ecrTt Sucrjv Sovvai ; OVK ap eio-i, Trap vfjulv ev- 
 Qvvai fttov, el TOVTOV d(f)i^crT6. 'Eicelvo 8' ov 
 pov, el TrpoTepov fJbev eveirL^irKaTO rj opffla-Tpa 
 
 aT<f)dvu)V ot<? o 877/^09 eciTefyavovTO VTTO TCOV *E\\rivcov, 
 8ta TO %eviKol<$ (TT<j)dvois TavTTjv a7To8e8ocr^at TTJV TUJLG- 
 pav, etc 8e TWV AijfAOcrOevovs 7ro\iT6Vjj,aT(ov v^els pev 
 Koi aKripv/CTOi juyveaOe, OUTO9 8e /cypv- 
 ; Kal eu fiev Tt9 T>V Tpayt/cwv iroiriTU>v TGOV 231 
 a TavTa eTreia-aydvTcov iroiriaeiev Iv TpaypSia TOV 
 8 
 
86 AI2XINOY 
 
 Separirrjv VTTO TWV r E\\rjvcov crT<j)avov/jievov, ovSel? av 
 v/jicov VTTO/jieiveiev, ori (f)ijcrlv "Onripos avavSpov avrbv 
 elvai Kal (rvKO<f)avTijv avTol S* orav TOV TOLOVTOV av- 
 
 OpCOTTOV (TT6(j)aVC0TG, OVK Oi 6(7 V Tttt? TO)V 'EX^Tp/COV 
 
 8o^at9 crvplrTecrOai, ; Oi fjikv yap Trarepe? vfjuwv ra 
 ev$o$;a Kai \a/jL7Tpa ra>v TTpay/jLaTcov averiOeaav TW 
 ), TO, Se Tairewa Kal KaTaSee'(7Tpa et9 rov$ pjro- 
 W? (>av\ov$ Tp7rov KrrjcTi(f)a)v B fyu-a? oiercu, 
 Sew a^eXoWa? rr)V aBo^lav amo AyfJiOG-Oevovs Trepi- 
 232 Oelvai roS STI/ACO. Kal <j>are fiev e^rv^et? elvai, to? Kal 
 
 VTTO fj,ev r^9 TU^T;? 87 
 &e 
 
 , VTTO ^^oavov^ e ev 
 Kal TO TTavrwv avoir (AT arov, ev rot? avTol? 
 
 TOW? pev ra? TGOV Swpcov ypacfras 
 
 VTe, ov 8' avrol [LicrOov 7ro\iT6vofA,6vov crvviare, 
 0T<j)ava)a-T ; Kal TOU? fJLev Kpiras roy? e/c Aiovv- 
 
 eav fjirj 8t/ca/ 
 
 8e 
 
 avro e ov KUKwv ^opwv Kpira 
 Kores, aXXa VOJJLWV tcai 7roXtTt7}9 aperr)?, ra9 
 ov Kara Toi;9 vofiov? ovS* oX/yot9 /^at rot9 af/o^9, aXXa 
 233 T&) SiaTTpa^afjievq) BwaeTe ; ETTGLT e%et,criv eic TOV 
 6 TOLOVTOS KpiTrjs eavTov /J,ev aaOevr) 
 ws, la^ypbv Se TOV pr\TOpa. 'Avr^p yap I^LCO- 
 ev 7io\C SijiuLOKpaTovfjLevr) VO/JLO) Kal tyrifya) /Baai- 
 \evei QTav B ' erepw TavTa TrapaSw, KaTa\e\VK TTJV 
 avTOv SwacrTelav. "EireiO* o fiev opKos, ov ofjLw- 
 fei, avfJwrapaKo\ov6wv avrov \v7rel (8t' avTov 
 
 
KATAKTH2I$fiNT02. 87 
 
 yap, olpai, yeyove TO a^apT^^a), rj Be %/ot? Trpo? ov 
 yeye'vrjTat, rj yap 
 
 8* e/jioiye, w avSpes * AOyvaioi) a/jL^orepa 234 
 Kal KaTopOovv Kal irapaKivSwevew ei$ rrjv nroKiTeiav ov 
 c-tocjjpovovvTes. "On fJiev yap etrl roov vvv tcaipcov 
 ol TroXkol TO?? oX/yot? irpo'kecrOe TCI 
 l<r%vpd, ovtc CTrcuvo) or t, 8' ov yeye'vijrcn, fyopa 
 fads prjropcov Trovqpwv afia /col roXfJLrjpwv, ev 
 Ilporepov jbL-ev yap TOiavras ^>ucret9 rjveytce TO 
 at paStcos OVTCI) KO,Te\va-av TOV SrjfAov escape yap KO- 
 \atcevo fjievos. ETTCLT avTOV ov% oi>s e^o/3etro, aXX 
 ot? eavTcv eve^eipi^e, Ka-ri\vaav evioi Be Kal avTol 235 
 T&V TpidicovTa eyevovTO, ol 7rX6/of9 77 p^tX/ou? Kal rrev- 
 
 TCLKOGLQVS TtoV 7TO\iTCOV aKplTOV? aTTKT6(,VaV TTplV Ta<? 
 
 atr/a? d/covo~ai <j) at9 e/teXXoz/ d 
 
 eicov TOU9 
 
 Ov TaTreivu>cravTe<$ awo- 
 
 roi/9 vvv eTrypfjievovs ; Ov ^efivrjo-O OTI 
 7Tft)7TOT6 eTredeTO TrpoTepov Bryjiov KaToXvaeUy Trpiv 
 av fJLel^ov TCOV BiKacrTrjplcov lo-^vcrr) ; 
 
 'Ho'eoos 8' av eywye, w avSpe? 'AOrjvaioi, evavTiov 236 
 v/Jitov dva\oyio-al/jLr]v 77/009 TOV ypd^avra TO 
 Sia rroias evepyeaias d^iol AijiJiocrOtvriv 
 El fjiev yap Xe /( yet9 ($6ev TTJV ap%r)V TOV 
 
 on ra9 Tacfrpovs ra9 Trepl TO, 
 
88 AI2XINOY 
 
 ercuppevcre, Oavjjia^a) o~ov. Tov jap ravr 
 TO yeyevrjcrOai, TOVTCDV CLITLOV yu-e/fw 
 ov jap 7T6pi%apa/ea)o-avTa %prj ra ret^rj ovSe ra? 
 
 brjfjLO(rtas Tafyas avekovra TOV opQws 
 
 Scopeas aiTelv, a\\ ayaOov TWOS at,Tiov 
 
 237 TroXet. El Be ^fet? e-TTt TO SevTepov yLtejoo? TOV 
 crfjiaTos, ev a> TTo\fJ,r)/ca<; jpd^euv w? eo-Tiv dvrjp 
 /col BcaTe\t \ejcov KCLL TrpaTTCov TO, apio~Ta TO> 
 TGOV : ' AQrjvaLcov, d<pe\a)v TJ)V a\a^oveiav teal TOV 
 
 TOV tyrjtfrio'iJLaTos cutyai TWV epywv, eTnBei^ov TJ/JUV o TL 
 Xeyet?. Ta? /xez/ yap Trepl rou? ' A^iaaia^ teal TOVS 
 Evfloeas ScopoSoKias 7rapa\ei7ra) oTav Se r^9 77/309 
 Gr)j3atovs Gvy^iayla^ ra? air/a? avaTiOrjs AriiJLOcrOevei, 
 rot"? fiev ayvoovvTa? e^aTraTas, TOVS &' etSoVa? teal 
 aio-0avo/JLevovs v/3pt,%ei,s. AfaXcov yap TOV tcai,pov teal 
 Tr)v Bo^av TTJV TOVTGOV, 8i' rjv eyeVero rj (TVfjbfjLa%la, \av- 
 Oavew oiei ^/ta? TO T^? TroXew? af/ajyLta ^ij^oadevei, 
 
 238 TrepiTiQeis. 'H\i/eov B eorTL TO a\aovevfjLa TOVTO, 
 eya) Treipdo-ofJiai, /LteyaXw crrj^ela) StSctat. 'O yap TCOV 
 Uepcroov /3a<rtXeu? ov 7roX\a> irpoTepov xpovq) Trpo T^? 
 A\e%avSpov St,a/3acrea)$ et9 Trjv Acriav teaTeTrefji^re TW 
 S/J/X&) teal fjidXa v/3picrTt,ier)v real ffdpfiapov 67Ti,o-TO\r)V, 
 ev y TO, TC &rj a\\a teal /iaX' aTraiSeyTft)? Bie\e^6rj, teal 
 
 eveypa^jrev ev Trj 7rtc7ToX^, eya>, fyricriv, i 
 ov ov 8a>cra) yLt^ /z,e atTtT6* ou 
 \rityea6e. OVTOS pevTOi, 6 avTos ey/eaTa\r)- 
 VTTO TWV vvvl irapovTwv auTw tewSvvoov, OVK al- 
 
KATA KTH2I*QNTOS. 
 
 TOVVTUIV ' AOqvalcov, avTos e/ewv KaTeTre/Atye TpiaKocna 
 raXavra TO> Br^w, a crctxfrpovwv 6 Brjaos OVK eBe^ 
 r O Be /cofjii'&v r)V TO %pvcrlov Kcupos /col <j>o/3o<; 
 'Xpeia (rvjJ,/jia%a)V. To Be avro TOVTO Kal ryv Sir 
 avppayicuv egeipyd&TO. Sv Be TO pev rwv Srj/3aio)v 
 OVO/JLO, Kal TO T^9 BvcrTV'%e<TTaT'r)s avfjifjia^a^ e^o^Xet? 
 del \e'ya)V, ra S' e/SSo/zrJtfoz/Ta rakavra VTTOG iayrras a 
 TrpoXapcov rov /3acri,\i,Kov %pvcnov direGTepricras. Ov 240 
 &' evbeiav pev ^prj^drcov eve/ca Trevre Ta\dvra>v ol fe- 
 voi Tot? Grj/3atoi,$ TTJV d/cpav ov irapeSoaav ; Aia Be 
 evvea, rd\avra dpjuplov Trdvrcov ApfcdBcov e^e\7]\v- 
 6oT(av /cat TGOV rj<yep,ovwv eroifjicov OVTGW /3or)0e2v r] Trpa- 
 f t9 ov yeye'vijTCU ; Sv Be 7r\ovTel<? KOI Tat? rjBovais 
 Tat9 (ravTOV %op77yet9. Kai, TO fcecfraXaiov, TO fiev fBa- 
 crikitcbv xpvcrlov Trapa TOVTW, ol Be tctvBvvoi, Trap v[uv. 
 
 Aiov B eaTi Kai TTJV aTraiBevcriav avrwv Oecoprjo-ai,. 241 
 EL jap ToXfurjcrei, KTrja-icfraiv p,ev Ar)^ocrQ&vr\v Trapa/ca- 
 \w \eovTa et9 f/Lta9, OUT09 B avaj3a<? eavTov eyKco- 
 jjiiacrei, j3apvTepov TWV epycov cov TrenrovOaTe TO aKpoafia 
 yiyveTai. OTTOV yap TOVS JJLGV OVTCO? av$pa<$ ayaOovs, 
 0^9 TroXXa Kal Kaka crvvicr/jLev epya, eav TOV$ Katf eav- 
 TCOV eiraivovs \ej(O(nv t ov (j)epojj,ev orai> Be avOpwiros 
 ala^vvr) Trjs 7ro\6(W9 yeyova)? eavTOV eyfCQ)fjLi,dr}, T/9 av 
 TCL TOiavTd rcapTeprjo-eiev dfcovcw ; 
 
 '^ITTO fjiev ovv TTJS dvaio"xyvTOV TrpajfjtaTeias, eav 242 
 o-a)(j)povfj<;, dirocrTria-r), Trol^aai Be, w KTI^O-L^WV, Bia 
 TTJV a7ro\oytav. Ov yap 877 TTOV TOVTO ye o~Kr\- 
 8* 
 
90 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 tyy, 6)9 ov Svvaros el \eyeiv. Kal yap av aroTrov GQI 
 (TV/jL/Baivoi, ei Trpwrjv /JLCV 7To6 vTrejj,et,va$ Trpeo-/3evTr)s 
 o>9 K\eo7rdrpav TT ( V QikiTrirov Bvyarepa ^eipOTovelaOai 
 
 rf; TOV MO\OTTQ!)V /3acrtXe&>9 
 wvl Se ov </>7jcre^9 BvvaaBai Xe- 
 yew. "ETreiTa yvvaiKa fj,ev a\\orpiav TrevOovaav Bv- 
 vacrcu nrapa/JLvde^crOai, ypd-^ra^ be fucrOov tyrifaa/jLa ov/c 
 243 a7ro\oyr]<T7) ; 'T TOIOVTOS eaTiv ov yeypatyas arecpa- 
 vovcrOai, 0^09 jj,r) yiyvaMTKecrOcu VTTO TGOV ev TreTrovOorcov, 
 av yu-7] r/9 aoi avveiirr) ; ' ETrepwrijaov Brj rovs SIKCL- 
 <7Ta9 i eyi<yv(t)cncov Xafipiav KCLI I^iKparrjv KCU TL/JLO- 
 
 060V, KOl 7rV@OV ITdf) CLVTWV &ICL Ti Ttt9 S(0pa<i aUTOt9 
 
 eSoa-av Kal ra9 elxovas ea-rTjaav. ' Airavre^ yap a/za 
 ffo i aTro/cptvovvTat OTI Xa/3pta /juev Bia rrjv Trepl Ndov 
 vav^a^iav, 'Ifafcpdrei, Be OTL popav AafceSai/JLovtwv aTre- 
 Kreive, TijjioOew &e Sia TOV TrepiTr'kovv TOV e^9 Kep/cvpav, 
 Kal aXXot9, GOV eKaa'T(o TroXXa Kal Ka\a KCLTO, TroXepov 
 
 <2tA epya rreTrpaKTai,. A^fJiOcrOeveL S' dvTepov Sia TL Sco- 
 aeT ; "OTL SodpoSoKos, OTI $ei\os, OTU TT)I> T 
 Kal TroTepov TOVTOV TifjirjaeTe, rj vfjias avTovs 
 Kal TOU9 vrrep VJJLWV ev Trj /jid^rj Te\evTrjcravTas Ol>9 
 vo/j,lcra@' opav a^eT\i,d^ovTa^ el 0^x09 (TTe(j)avci)Or,o-eTai,. 
 Kai> yap av eirj Seivov, a> avbpes AOrfvaloi, eu Ta fjiev 
 KOI TOUS \i6ov<$ Kal TOV (rtSrjpov, Ta cxfroova Kal 
 
 edv T&> efjuTrecrovTa aTTOKTeivr), 
 Kal eav T9 avTov Bca^prjo-'rjTat, T?] 
 
 245 Trpd^acrav %&>pt9 TOV <7WyLtaro9 OaTTTOfJiev, 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNTO2. 91 
 
 Be, a) * AOiqvaioi, TOV ypd^ravTa fjiev TT?Z> TravvaTaTriv 
 egoBov, TrpoBdvTO, Be TOU? crTpaTicoTas, TOVTOV ty/.et9 
 
 TtfJL7](7T6. OvKOVV vftpl^OVTCil, /JieV 01 T6\eVTr)<TOVTeS, 
 
 aQvfjLorepoL Be ol {oWes yiyvovTai opcovTe? rrj? dperrjs 
 aO\ov TOV Oavarov Kei/mevov, Tt]V Be fJLvij/jLrjv 
 Troveav. To Be jAeyiarov, eav .7repwTa>o~iV vpas ol 
 repot, TTjOO? Trolov %pr] TrapaSeiy/jLa avrov? TOV ftiov 
 
 , TL KpiveiTe ; Ev yap tcrre, eo avSpes ' A6r]- 246 
 it OTI ov% al TraXalaTpai ovBe TCL $&aa-Ka\eia o^S* 
 89 TJ fjiovo-iicr) [jiovov TTCuSevei rou9 veoirepovs, a\\a TTO\V 
 fjbaXXov TCL SrjfAoaia K^pvy^aTa. KrjpVTTercu ri? ey 
 TO) 0edrpa) on aTecfravovTai, dperrjs eve/ca /cat dvSpaya- 
 6ia<$ teal evvoias avOpwrros do-^f^wv cov TO> /3i(p KOI 
 /38e\vpo$ 6 Be ye vewTepos Tavr iScov St(j)0dprj. Ai- 
 KVJV Ti? SeScofce irovrjpo? Kol Tropvoflocr/cos wo-Trep KTTJ- 
 (ri(f>a)v ol Be' ye aXkoi, ireTratBevvTcu. Tdvavrta TI$ 
 TJrrj<j)i,o-djj,evas TWV /cd\a)v KOL Si/catwv e7rave\0a)v o'ttcaBe 
 trcuBevei, TOV vlov 6 Be ye el/corco? ov TreiOeTai, d\\a TO 
 vovOeTelv evo%\elv evTavOa rjBir] St/ca/o)? ovopaCf-Tai. 
 
 /29 ovv IJUT] IJLQVOV KpivovTCS, d\\a Kol Oecopov/jievoi, 217 
 OVTCI) Trjv tyrjfov <f>epT, et9 a7ro\oyi,(riJLov rot9 vvv fjiev 
 ov TrapovGi TWV iroKiTwv, eTrepTjcro/jievois Be vfias TI 
 eBixa^eTe. Ev yap Tcrre, w avBpes ^ AOrjvaloi, OTL TOL- 
 avT?) Bo^et, rj 7roXi9 elvai, 07roto9 Tt9 av rj o /crjpVTTo- 
 ftej/09 ' eo-Tt, Be oveiBos /JLTJ ro?9 irpoyovois vfjuas, d\\a 
 TTJ Ar^fjLo a devour dvavBpla 7Tpo(7etKao"6rjvai. JToJ9 ovv 
 av T9 Ti]v ToiavTrjv alo-^vvijv e/C(f)vyoi ; 'Edv TOV? 248 
 
92 A I 2 X I N O Y 
 
 ra icoiva KOI $L\dv@pw7ra rwv 
 
 bvras T0t9 
 
 ap* evvota /cat TO rrjs BrjfjLOKparias ovo^a icelrai /jue 
 ev /ze'cnw, cfrOdvovcri, &' evr' avra /carafavyovTes T&> \o<yw 
 ^i9 a>9 eiri TTO\V ol rot? epyow irXelarov aTre^oi/re?. ' ' Oiav 
 ovv \d/3rjre prjropa %eviicwv arrec^dvcov KOI KtrjpvyfJLdrwv 
 ev rot? f E\\r](Ti,v eTriOvfJiovvra, eTravayeiv avrov K- 
 \sver /col TOP \6yov, wcnrep ra? fteficuwcreis TCOV 
 /jLaTcov 6 royu-o? K\evei, TroielcrOai, et? /3iov a^io 
 /col TpoTrov aco(f)pova. Oray Be ravra firj /jLaprvpelrai, 
 fjt/r) fSefBaiovTe avrq) TOU? eTrawovs, /cal T^? Srj/AOKpa- 
 250 r/a? eTrtyLteX^T/re 77877 SLCufievyovar}? VJJLCLS. *H ov Sei- 
 vov VJMV So/eel elvai OTI TO fjuev ^ov\evrr\piov teal 6 
 irapoparcu, al S e7rt<7roXat KOLI ai 
 
 et9 tSta)rtAca9 oucias, ov Trapa rcov 
 y aXXa. Trapa ra>v TTpWTevovT&v ev TTJ 'Acrta 
 
 \ n 7-, > / TT ^ S J> f ) \ 9 / 
 
 u TTJ JlivpaiTrr) ; Aat 69 0^9 earw etc rcov VOJJLWV 
 ia Odvaros, ravrd Tives ov/c e^apvovvrai, Trpdrreiv, 
 aXX' 6/JLO\oyovcnv ev T&> S^/iw, KO\ ra9 7rt,crTO\ds aX- 
 X?]Xofc9 TrapavayiyvcocrKovcnv, Kai TraparceXevovrai vp.lv 
 ol fjikv p^eireiv els ra eavrwv Trpoo-coTra 9 $v\aices 
 ias, erepoi 8' alrovcrt Swpeas 9 aoorrjpes 
 
 251 e O 3e 877^09 e/e T779 
 
 TrapayeyrjpaKO)^ 77 Trapavoias ea\a)K(0$ avro 
 /JLOVOV rovvojjba TTJS Br]fjLOKpaTla<; Trepnroieirai,, TWV B 
 epycov 6re/30t9 Trapafce^wprjKev. "ETreir aTrep^eorOe eic 
 
KATA KTH2I$GNT02. 93 
 
 TO>V K/c\r)a-ia)v ov flovXevcrd/jLevoi, aXX* cocrirep e/c 
 epdvwv, TO, TrepiovTd veifJLafJLevoi. *' QTI 8 ov \rjpco f 
 TOV \oyov Oecopriaare. 'Eyevero T9 (ar^Qo^ai 
 a$ aivylas rrjs 7ro\co<;J ev- 
 , 05 K7r\elv JJLOVOV et9 ^CLJJLOV eTTi- 
 015 irpoSorr]^ rrjs TrarplBos av6r]fjiepov VTTO rrjs 
 eg 'Apeiov Trdyov j3ov\rj^ Oavdru) e&pui&rf* "Erepos 
 K7r\evcra<; et? 'PoSo^, ort rbv (>o/3ov avdv- 
 
 al tyfjcfroi, eyevovTO el e fiia /JLOVOV /zereTrecrei/, virep- 
 
 * av ?) tiTre'Qavev. 'AvriQay/jiev 8^ TO vvvi yi,- 253 
 
 'Avrip prjTCop, 6 Trdvrwv rcov tca/ccov CLLTLQS, 
 e\i7re juev rrjv ano arparoTre^ov Tagiv, aTreSpa 8' e/c rrjs 
 7ToX6W9 * o5ro9 GTefyavovaOai, dfyol KCU KrjpvTTecrOai, 
 oierai Seiv. OVK aTroTrefjuyfrere TOV ai>6 pwrrov 0)9 KQL- 
 Vf\v TWV f EXkriva)V o-v/Ji(f)opav ; ' H cruXXay3oz^Te9 9 
 \rjG-Triv TWV Trpay/AaTayv, eir ovofjiarayv Sta rrjs TroXi,- 
 7r\eovra, rifjicoprjcreaOe ; Kai, TOV Kaipov JJLVT]- 
 ev <j> TTJV ^TJ^OV fa'pere. ^HfJLepwv JJL\V o\ljcov 254 
 , ra IlvOia (ylyvecrOai, Kai TO crvveSpiov TO TWV 
 $ia/3e/3\r)Tai 8' rj 
 
 TCOV rHAoaevovs TriTev^rcov Trepi, TOV9 vvv 
 So^ere 8 , eav pev TOVTOV ar6(f)av cocr^Te, o 
 90 elvai, T0t9 Trapaflatvovai, TTJV KQIVV\V eiprivrjv, eav 8e 
 rovvavriov TOVTOV irpd^Te, a7roXvcreTe TOI' Srjpov 
 
 aiTicov. 
 
 Mr) ovv a>9 vTrep d\\oTpia<$, aX\' <9 vjrep oi/ceias 255 
 
94 A I 2 X I N* O Y 
 
 7-779 7roXeo>9 Pov\evea6e, Kai ra? <j>t\OTijj,la$ pr] ve'/Aere, 
 aXXa Kplve-re, KOI ra9 So) peas el? /3e\T/a> an para /cal 
 ai,o\oya)Tepovs aTroOeaOe, Kai fir] IJLOVOV TO?? 
 y aXXa Kai rot? o/jLaaat Sia/3\etyavTes et? 
 
 avrovs 
 
 vei t irorepov ol o-vy/cvvrjyeTai, r; ot 
 l av-TOVy or rjv Iv rj\t,tcia. '-4XXa yua TOI/ Aia TOV 
 O\vfJL7T(,ov ov% 1/9 aypiovs tcvvrjyeTwv ovSe 
 
 256 eTTt TOU9 
 
 , brav (fr 
 
 e/c 
 
 TTOV, diroarricrai Be Atcapvavas, 6K7T\rj^ai Se Orjflalov? 
 oterat yap v/jias et9 TOCTOVTOV 
 
 77877 TrpoftefirjKevcu, wcrre /ca^ ravra a 
 0)(77Tp IleiOa) rpe<j)OVTa<;, aXX ou (TVKOffxiVTrjv 
 irov lv rrj TroXet. 
 
 257 "Orav 8' eV^ Te\VTrjs rjSij TOV \oyov o-vvrjyopov? 
 TOU9 KOWCOVOVS TCOV BajpoSoKTjijLaTcov avT(# 7rapcuca\f}, 
 V7ro\aijbj3aver opav em TOV /37}/zaT09, ov vvv e&Trjtccos 
 eya) \eya> t avTi7rapaTeTay^evov<i Trpos Trjv TOVTCOV 
 dcreXyeiav rou9 T779 7roXe&)9 evepye'Tas, So\cova /JLCV 
 
 TOV aXX/CTTOt9 VOfJLOi^ KOO-/JL7](7aVTa TrjV 
 
 avSpa <f)i\ocro<f)ov Kai vofJuoOeTrfv dyaOov, 
 
 TrpoarjKev avTa>, Seopevov V/JLWV fjurj&evl TpoTrqy rou9 -^77- 
 
 fjuoaOevovs \dyovs irepl 7r\e/oi/o9 r noir\ffaaQai TWV opKwv 
 
 253 KOI TCOV vdfAcov, ' ApiaTetSqv Be TOV TOU9 (f>opov$ Ta 
 
KATA KTH2I$QNTO2. 95 
 
 TOi<?"E\\'r](7iv, ov Te\evTr]cravTo<; 
 Kev o SrJyLto?, o"%T\id%ovTa 7rl rat TTJS SiKaiocrvvrjs TTpo- 
 ), Kal eTrepcoTwvTa el OVK alo"%vvecr6e el ol 
 Trare'pes V/ACOV ApOjJiiov TOV Ze\et,T7]v 
 
 TO e/c 
 
 i? TT)V TToXlV, TTpO^eVOV OVTCL TOV S^fJiOV TGOV 
 
 Trap ov&ev p^ev rj\.6ov aTro/crelvai, eeKripv%av 8' e/c 7^9 
 7roXe&)9 Kal ef diraa^ 775 AOyvaloi ap^ovcriv, v /^et? 259 
 Se 4rj{jLO(70evr}V) ov /cofnto-avra TO e/c Mr)$a)v 
 d\\a ^copoSo/crjcravra Kal en KCLI vvv fceKTrj/jievov, 
 aq) <Tre<f)dv(0 fjbe\\ere crTe^avovv. SefjUGTOtckea Se /cat 
 ev MapaQeovi Te\evrricravTa$ /col rovs ev TI\a- 
 KOI avTOvs TOU? Tciffrovs TOU? TWV Trpoyovwv ov/c 
 oieaOe <TTevdj*eiv t et, 6 fiera TCOV /3ap/3apa)V o/Ao\oy)v 
 TOi9 "EXkrjcrw avrnrpdrreiv (TTe^avcoO^creTai, ; 
 
 'Eyco jjikv ovv, GJ jrj /col rj\,ie /cat dperr) KOL crvveans 260 
 /cal Tra&eta, rj Siayiyvtoo-KOfJiev ra /ca\a Kal ra alo"%pd, 
 ^e^or\Or]Ka KOI e'lprjKa. Kal el fiev Ka\ax; Kal af/9 
 TOV aftiKiyjiaTOS KaTrjyoprjKa, CLTTOV o>9 e/SovXo/jLr/v, et 
 
 \oycov KCLI etc TWV 7rapa\ei7rofjiev(i)v avToi 
 KCLI, Ta av^epovTa vrrep Tr}<$ 7ro\eco<; 
 aao-Oe. 
 
NOTES. 
 
NOTES. 
 
 THE Oration was made in a prosecution of Ctesiphon for 
 proposing to bestow an honorary crown upon Demosthenes, 
 on the ground of the illegality of the measure (irapavopwv 
 ypa$ri). It was delivered B. C. 330, nearly eight years 
 after the indictment was moved. The following may be 
 taken as a general outline of the course of thought : 
 
 1. That he trusted the factious array against him would 
 be controlled by the law, since, as factious proceedings in 
 the Assembly had opened the way for illegal measures, and 
 led to the substitution of arbitrary trials, instead of the reg- 
 ular trials before the courts, there remained only one rem- 
 edy for these disorders, trials for proposing illegal de- 
 crees, which if they did not sustain, all was lost. ^ 1-8. 
 
 2. Necessity of the law forbidding to crown a magis- 
 trate before the accounts of his office have been accepted. 
 9, 10. 
 
 3. That some violated this law under a plausible pretext, 
 but Ctesiphon without any at all. 11, 12. 
 
 4. That neither the manner of the appointment of a 
 magistrate, nor the fact of his having expended his own 
 money in his office cleared him from responsibility, as all 
 magistrates whatever were responsible at Athens. 13 - 
 23. 
 
100 NOTES. 
 
 5. That Demosthenes held two important offices at the 
 time Ctesiphon proposed to crown him, and that these 
 offices were such as the laws describe as responsible. 
 24-31. 
 
 6. That with regard to the proclamation of the crown, 
 the law provides, and with very good reason, that crowns 
 shall be conferred only in the Senate-chamber or the Pnyx, 
 whereas Ctesiphon had proposed to confer it in the theatre. 
 32-34. 
 
 7. That the pretence of his adversary, that there is an- 
 other law authorizing proclamations in the theatre, is ab- 
 surd, since it was provided that the laws should be revised 
 qyery year, and all obsolete and conflicting laws annulled. 
 35 - 48. 
 
 8. That with regard to the merits of Demosthenes, he 
 should show the statements of Ctesiphon to be false. 
 49, 50. 
 
 9. That he might dwell upon his private misdeeds, but 
 should pass them by. 51 - 53. 
 
 10. That of his public misdeeds he should speak more 
 at large, with respect to four principal periods of his public 
 life. 54-57. 
 
 11. That in the first period he acted in concert with 
 Philocrates in making the peace with Philip against the 
 interests of his country, exhibited a servile spirit of flattery 
 towards Philip and his ambassadors, prevented the peace 
 being made in conjunction with a common congress of the 
 Greeks, and, especially, sacrificed Kersobleptes, their ally, 
 to Philip. 58-78. 
 
 12. That in the second period, after Philip had passed 
 Thermopylae and made a descent upon Phocis, Demosthe- 
 nes, to avoid the responsibility of these unfavorable results 
 of the peace, suddenly changed his course, and charged the 
 blame upon his fellow-ambassadors, while he instigated the 
 people to an uncompromising war against Philip, to carry 
 
I NOTES. 101 
 
 on which he formed a most disadvantageous and disgraceful 
 alliance with the EubcBans (at a later period, also, with the 
 Thebans), in which transaction he was guilty of the grossest 
 corruption. 79 - 105. 
 
 13. That during the third period he brought disgrace 
 upon himself and ruin upon his country ; first, by his impi- 
 ous course in upholding the Amphisseans in their violation 
 of the sacred country of Cirrha, and secondly, by the alliance 
 which he formed with Thebes, which was highly objection- 
 able on three grounds : first, its terms were much more 
 favorable to Thebes than to Athens ; second, it diminished 
 the dignity of Athens and increased the power of Thebes ; 
 and, third, it prevented the Thebans from making peace 
 with Philip ; all which rendered it most unfitting that he 
 should be crowned as it was proposed. ^ 106 158. 
 
 14. That after the battle of Chseroneia he slunk away 
 from Athens, on a tour to collect taxes from the allies, and 
 after his return offered no decree in his own name till the 
 death of Philip, when he suddenly assumed new courage, 
 procured the passage of decrees honoring Philip's murderer, 
 and of public rejoicing, while he ridiculed his successor, 
 Alexander, when at a distance, but shrunk from him when 
 near, and finally sold himself to him. ^ 159- 167. 
 
 15. Nor was Demosthenes, as was supposed, a true 
 democrat, when tried by the proper tests of that character. 
 168-176. 
 
 16. That the frequent conferring of public honors, such 
 as Demosthenes was contending for, had a very injurious 
 effect upon the country, and was directly opposed to the 
 practice of the city in its earlier and better days, when, also, 
 the judges were much more strict than at that time in trials, 
 and confined the speakers much more to the subject, as he 
 trusted they would Ctesiphon and Demosthenes on the pres- 
 ent occasion, who would employ every art to mislead them. 
 fc& 177-212. 
 
102 NOTES. 
 
 17. That Ctesiphon and Demosthenes each professed 
 great anxiety for the other, but pretended to have no con- 
 cern for themselves. 213, 214. 
 
 18. That with regard to the charge which he understood 
 Demosthenes would bring against him, of having stood 
 aloof from public affairs, and allowed him to carry through 
 so many pernicious measures without ever bringing him to 
 trial for any of them at the time, and now, so long after 
 the events, bringing against him a sweeping accusation for 
 all his public life, he would say that this might be accounted 
 for by his simple and quiet habits of life, and by the liti- 
 gious and quarrelsome character of Demosthenes, which 
 rendered it dangerous for any one to oppose him in any 
 thing. ^215-229. 
 
 19. That it was impossible for them to set aside the in- 
 dictment, either on the ground of the legality of the decree 
 of Ctesiphon, or the character of Demosthenes, if they had 
 any regard to their duty as judges, or the safety of the de- 
 mocracy. 230-235. 
 
 fi 20. That neither the repairing of the walls, nor the public 
 measures of Demosthenes, (which were the grounds of the 
 application for a crown,) constituted any reason for crown- 
 ing him. ^ 236 - 240. 
 
 21. That least of all should the court be outraged by 
 Demosthenes speaking his own praise, who had no claims 
 whatever to the honor demanded, and if he received it, 
 would furnish a most pernicious example to all who were 
 acquainted with the fact, which should lead them to be se- 
 vere in their judgment, that the democracy might not be 
 destroyed by such men. ^ 241 - 254. 
 
 22. That, in deciding the cause, they should not only 
 guard against the influence of personal friendship for De- 
 mosthenes, but also against the effect of his impudent confi- 
 dence, placing before themselves for their guidance the 
 worthies of their past history. 255 - 259. 
 
NOTES. 103 
 
 23. That if he had not spoken in the cause as he wished, 
 he had spoken as he could, and it remained for them to de- 
 cide it justly, not only from what he had said, but also from 
 what he had left unsaid. 260. 
 
 & 1. irapao-Kevrjv .... irapdra^iv] u preparation .... ar- 
 ray," i. e. of the friends and supporters of Demosthenes. 
 As the number of judges or jurymen (dcjcacmu) in the Athe- 
 nian courts was large, and as these judges were drawn from 
 the common people, there was necessarily considerable op- 
 portunity for the influence of faction even in the courts of 
 justice. We know from 56, as well as from the reply of 
 Demosthenes ( 196), that the court was thronged by hear- 
 ers on the present occasion, most of whom, it is natural to 
 suppose, attached themselves to the interest of the one or 
 the other of the great orators ; just as in great trials, in our 
 own country, the friends of the two parties respectively at- 
 tend in multitudes, to encourage and sustain their favorite. 
 It is probable, indeed, from the peculiar constitution of other 
 Athenian courts, (the number of judges being so large, and 
 not of a professional character,) that factious arts were car- 
 ried much farther than in our courts, and that, as at the 
 meetings of the Assembly, applause, groans, hisses, and other 
 like means, were employed in turn, to influence the de- 
 cision. The orators often allude to the bustling activity and 
 overawing influence of factions in the courts of justice ; 
 as, Lysias, Pro Bonis Aristoph., 2, and Dem., De Falsa 
 Legatione, 1. The terms here are military and figu- 
 rative, on which account they seern to be unsuited to the 
 commencement of an oration. But the occasion was an ex- 
 citing one, and besides, the words had probably acquired, in 
 this sense, something of the force of common terms, as is 
 the case with the corresponding terms in our language. At 
 any rate, they are often used by the orators at the beginning 
 of their speeches. See Lysias, as above. SejjoW] " so- 
 
104 NOTES. 
 
 licitations." This refers to the same factious proceedings. 
 The Scholiast supposes it to refer to attempts to gain over the 
 judges by demagogical arts, which is confirmed by a com- 
 parison of Dem. F. L., 1. Bremi cites, in illustration of 
 the meaning, the passage from Livy, Lib. III. cap. 14 : 
 " Benigne salutare, alloqui plebis homines, domum invitare, 
 adesse in foro .... permulcendo tractandoque mansueface- 
 re plebem." The agora was the great rallying-point of the 
 people, and hence was the place to find or make partisans. 
 Besides, most of the courts were held in the agora (Herm., 
 Polit. Antiq., S} 134, 135), and were many of them open to 
 the air (Diet. Antiq., Art. AtKatrri^ioi/), so that what was 
 going on around could be seen from them ; hence the use 
 of Spare. TO. /xtr/nct KOI TO. <rvvr)0r)] " what is proper and 
 according to usage." The second ra is omitted in some 
 MSS., but it seems to be required by the distinct nature of 
 the two classes of objects referred to (lit. " the proper and 
 the customary," not "the proper and customary"). K. 
 264. 2. rols vopois Koi tyzli/] The laws were of no avail, 
 of course, unless they were faithfully administered by the 
 judges, and hence they are presented together as a ground 
 of confidence. 
 
 2. 'EfiovXowv pen ovv] " I was wishing then," " I could 
 have wished then." av is omitted here, as it often is with 
 the historical tenses, especially of verbs denoting necessity, 
 duty, inclination, etc. K. 260, R. 3. /*/ is responded to 
 by Se in the beginning of 3. rty jSouA^i/, TOVS nevraKoa-iovs] 
 In apposition with each other. The Council or Senate of Five 
 Hundred (so called to distinguish it from the Council of the 
 Areopagus) was a deliberative body consisting of fifty mem- 
 bers from each of the ten tribes of Athens, appointed annu- 
 ally by lot. The Senate had the initiative in all decrees (and, 
 generally, in all deliberative matters) to be acted upon by 
 the Assembly, since that body could pass no decree which 
 had not been first prepared and approved by the Senate. It 
 
NOTES. 105 
 
 had also various financial duties. See Bojesen's Grecian 
 Antiq., p. 93. ras KK\rja-ias] "the popular assemblies." 
 Open to all the citizens of Athens, and indeed of all Attica, 
 in person. The government of Athens was a pure democ- 
 racy. TQ>V ffaarrjKOTav] " the presiding officers." Who 
 these were may be learned from 3, note. From what is 
 there said, it appears that a departure from the wholesome 
 rules of order prescribed by Solon had led to great irregu- 
 larities in the management of the assemblies, since it had 
 given scope for the influence of factious and demagogical 
 arts. e0] In the subj. after a historical tense, because 
 the writer still desired this result. K. 330, R. 1. b. The 
 original practice, as established by Solon, was to call first 
 upon all above fifty years to speak on any question proposed 
 in the Assembly, and then any who were younger, in order 
 (see 4). This, of course, tended to give a right direction 
 to all questions, by securing the maturest views first, and to 
 prevent irregular and unjust proceedings, by preventing dis- 
 order. If the speakers were to follow each other according 
 to their age, there was no chance for partisans to call out a 
 favorite at the fortunate juncture, and give undue weight 
 and influence to his views by applause. /3ouAo'//ei>oj>] By a 
 change of construction here, the ace., instead of the dat., is 
 used with the infin. after ee<m. K. 307, R. 3. x<P^ Kc " 
 ev /*e/)6t] " separately and in turn." av\ Belongs to StoiKet- 
 o-Qai. doKfl is personal, instead of being impersonal (" both 
 the city seems to me that it would," etc.). K. 307, R. 6. 
 3. yvapas] " opinions," " propositions." raC0'] Re- 
 ferring to yvapas, but put in the neuter to agree with ^77- 
 (/uVjuara, which means the same thing, but by anticipation 
 is spoken of as already voted or decreed. See 230. 
 em^rjfyifrvo-iv] " put to the vote." This duty belonged to the 
 proedri, as they were called. As there were ten tribes at 
 Athens, the year was divided into ten parts, and the fifty 
 Senators of each tribe exercised the presidency in delibera- 
 
106 NOTES. 
 
 tive matters in turn. The presiding tribe for the time being 
 was called <pv\rj jrpvravevova-a^ the period of their office irpv- 
 raj/eia, and the members irpvTavets.One of their number 
 was appointed daily by lot as president (eVtoTar^s), who pre- 
 sided not only in the Senate, but in the assemblies of the 
 people also. In the time of ^Eschines the president was 
 assisted in the Assembly by nine vice-presidents, chosen 
 daily by himself from the other nine tribes, called proedri, 
 and also by a tribe selected for this purpose, called <j>v\ri 
 TTpocdpevovo-a (see ^ 4, Jin.). Now as these presiding offi- 
 cers were appoined by lot, there was opportunity for decep- 
 tion, as in all lotteries, on the part of those who had the 
 management of the lots, for the purpose of placing their 
 friends or the friends of certain factions in power. This 
 seems to be what is alluded to in the text. The protest of 
 any one of the proedri was sufficient to prevent the vote 
 from being put ; but he was liable to the severest penalty for 
 preventing it illegally. Ka6f 6p*voi\ That is, " sitting as 
 proedri by arrangement," i. e. not by a oona fide election 
 by lot, but by shuffling. The presiding officers probably 
 occupied the front seats. dvayopevrj] " declare." The 
 votes were counted by the crier, and declared by the Epi- 
 states. eiVcryyeXXe/] " to bring to summary justice," " to 
 try by the process called eto-ayytXia," i. e. for the abuse (as 
 they pretended) of his power as president. See cto-oyyeXt'a, 
 Diet. Antiq. rovs iSia>ra?] "the common people." Op- 
 posed to pfjropfs (public men). 
 
 4. Kal ras Kpicrcis .... Kpivovviv] " and while they have 
 put an end to the actions by the laws, try with passion those 
 brought on by votes," i. e. special actions, such as the 
 eiVayyeXia, where a crime was asserted, such as either in 
 itself or in its circumstances was unprovided for by any 
 particular law. Such causes were brought before the pop- 
 ular assembly for investigation. And, as there was a better 
 opportunity for crushing a rival in this way than in the 
 
NOTES. 107 
 
 regular process before the courts, there seems to have been 
 a strong tendency to increase causes of this kind, opyrj cor- 
 responds almost precisely to our word passion, which more 
 commonly means anger, but also any other feeling. In 
 Soph. Antig., 356, it means an aptitude for civil affairs. 
 TO Sena? fl-oAeeo?] That is, the representatives of one 
 of the ten tribes. See 3, note. 
 
 5. OTTOI'OW rivas] " as somewhat," " as about." He does 
 not wish to go into detail, and hence refers the case to their 
 own conceptions. The Scholiast says, TO eVa^es tyvyfv, iva 
 /ai7 AvTn/ar/. For this use of rt?, see K. 303. 4. TTJS vroXi- 
 mW] "of the constitution." More properly, of free gov- 
 ernments. at T&V . . . y/5a$ai] " the indictments for 
 illegal measures," i. e. such as were contrary to any of 
 the laws of Solon ; of which kind, he contended, the de- 
 cree of Ctesiphon to crown Demosthenes was, which called 
 forth the present oration and the immortal reply of Demos- 
 thenes. See Dem. de Coron., 9, 17, notes. KOI TavTas] 
 " these also," i. e. these as well as the other ordinary trials 
 required by law (4). 
 
 6. TOIS Tpoirois] " the habits," " wills," " caprices." 
 Opposed to rots v6p.ois below. wap/S^tr/as] " liberty of 
 speech," "right to participate in public affairs." 6 w>- 
 fio0Trjs] That is, Solon, who was called the lawgiver, by 
 way of eminence, by the Athenians. 
 
 7. fiijdeva .... cgaipelo-Qai] Depends upon qyeTo-tfat, taken 
 (by zeugma) in the sense of (/>vXarreo-&u. K. 346. 3. 
 This artful appeal to the professional pride of the judges, 
 whom he represents as in danger of being deprived of the 
 legitimate business of their office by the gradual encroach- 
 ments of the Assembly upon their duties (see 4), is well 
 calculated to secure their favor. ras . . . . a-vv^yopias] 
 " Ssepe accusant oratores TOVS a-TpaTrjyovs, quod tantum 
 absit, ut reipublicaB hostes foris devincant, ut, otiosi domi 
 manentes, seditiosorum consilia adjuvent otiumque et liber- 
 
108 NOTES. 
 
 tatem reipublicsB perturbent." Bremi. T>V &va>v\ That 
 is, persons of weight and influence produced as witnesses 
 (ai/a/3i/3ao>/oi) from foreign countries in defence of some 
 general or other public man, to whom they had become be- 
 holden for favors rendered while engaged in the service of 
 his country abroad. It was thus that Jason of Pherae came 
 to the aid of Timotheus when on trial at Athens. See Ne- 
 pos, Life of Timotheus, Jin. 7rapdvop.ov .... 7ro\iTev6fj.voi] 
 " pursuing an illegal policy," " following an illegal course 
 of civil life." For the meaning and usage of TroXircvea-dai 
 see Dem. de Coron., 4, note. XX* .... TroXe/xw] A 
 hit at Demosthenes for deserting his post in the battle of 
 Chseroneia. See 159, note. <vXaK] " Munus quasi 
 indicatur, quod ipsis sit demandatum WOT' eti/at <vXa*es." 
 Bremi. The preservation of the democracy, as he had be- 
 fore shown (6), depended upon maintaining the suprema- 
 cy of the laws. 
 
 8. K-njo-it/xwi/ra] Ctesiphon had proposed to bestow an 
 honorary crown of gold upon Demosthenes for his eminent 
 public services, which ./Eschines opposes, as illegal, based 
 upon falsehood, and injurious to the state. 
 
 9. TTJS o\rjs Karyyoptas] " the whole accusation," " the 
 general bearings of the accusation." He has thus far (i. e. 
 in his introduction) spoken of the cause in its general char- 
 acter and bearings. Taylor makes this refer to the general 
 discussion of the illegality of the question, which follows 
 the preliminary statement of the necessity of the law for- 
 bidding to crown a magistrate, i. e. after 12. But it 
 seems to me that both the composition and the tense of irpo- 
 (iprjo-Qcu oppose this. Kflvrai] " lie," i. e. in the public ar- 
 chives ; consequently, " exist." T>V vnfvQvvwv] " those 
 accountable " ; i. e. magistrates and public functionaries 
 having any considerable interests, especially of a pecuniary 
 nature, intrusted to them, who had not passed the accounts 
 of their office before the Logistse and Euthyni, and obtained 
 
NOTES. 109 
 
 their approval of them. See Bojesen, p. 96. 
 yeypcHpas] " happens to have written." It was a mere cir- 
 cumstance, or by chance, that these particular laws were 
 infringed in the case ; the general aspects of the cause 
 would be the same in case of the violation of any other 
 laws ; but he was to speak of the violation of the laws in 
 this particular case. For this use of the part, with rvyxdvco, 
 see K. 310. 4. 1. apxovTes] " magistrates," " public of- 
 ficers." 8a)po8oKovvrcs .... TOVTO>V] " receiving bribes in 
 each of these." eKaora is neuter, because the nouns to which 
 it refers designate inanimate objects, and are of different 
 genders. K. 242. 1. Trpo^a^dvovTcs'] "in auxilium 
 vocantes oratores. Duplex genus prjropav hie memo- 
 ratur; 01 e< roC povXevrrjpiov et ol fK TOV d^ov. Illi videntur 
 esse, qui ipsi senatores, quum res a senatu deliberatas 
 proponerent, loquebantur ; hi, qui surgerent pro ordine ex 
 populo." Bremi. irpoK.aTf\a^avov\ "forestalled," "pre- 
 occupied." The imperf. implies that they were in the habit 
 of doing it. T&V a/>x^"] " of their magistracies," " offices." 
 
 10. eV auro<a>/)o>] " upon the very act," " by the very act." 
 
 eiKOToos] " justly," " with reason." Because, as he goes on 
 to say, they felt ashamed to condemn one as a peculator who 
 had just been crowned by the people for his virtue and jus- 
 tice. ras evdvvas <u<f>\r]Ka>s] " having failed in the scrutiny 
 of his accounts," i. .e. " having been found guilty of mal- 
 versation in his office." v-n-ep] " out of regard to," i. e. "to 
 prevent." fmep implies a stronger interest than Trepi (see 
 Trepi, above), and when the object in which the interest is 
 felt is not desirable, it may be rendered as here. See 
 Dem. Olynth., I. 5. 
 
 11. prj crre^ai/ow] For the negative, see 35, note. 
 Xo'yoi] " words," i. e. of the orators, " special pleadings." 
 
 TIS . . . . epeT] He is preparing the way for what he was 
 about to do himself, namely, to name and expound the laws 
 on this subject. 01 /*/] Opposed to Kr^o-i^coz/ &, below 
 
 10 
 
110 NOTES. 
 
 ( 12). et &?] "if indeed." dAX' .... mV^m/^] "any- 
 how, they interpose something at least between themselves 
 and shame," i.' e. cover up the open illegality of their prop- 
 osition to crown a favorite, by the addition of the clause, 
 when he has given account and proofs, i. e. of his office 
 (see ^ 15, note). For the meaning of dXX* ovv (" any- 
 how"), see Jelf's K. 774, R. 1. Observe, too, the force 
 of the word 7jy>o/3dXXoi/r<u (" they put forward for their own 
 protection, or as a screen for themselves "). 
 
 12. aio-xvvfrai .... ^fj.dprr]Kf] " yet blush at their offen- 
 ces." Se stands opposed to per in the preceding sentence. 
 In such cases, these particles are to be rendered variously, 
 but always so as to shape their clauses with reference to 
 each other. See Dem. Pop. Orat., II. 2, note. rr)v -rrpo- 
 <acrij/] " the pretext," " the semblance of a reason." Re- 
 ferring to the addition (named above) made to their decrees 
 for conferring crowns, by some of the more modest. 
 HTagv .... apxovra] " while in the full exercise of his 
 office." The idea of time (while), expressed by the par- 
 ticiple alone, is expressed more exactly by the addition of 
 the adverb (K. 312, R. 6). The decree was proposed by 
 Ctesiphon in the autumn of B. C. 338, and the accusation 
 of ^Eschines was lodged with the archon in the following 
 spring, but was not called up for trial till eight years after, 
 when the complete triumph of the Macedonian party at 
 Athens led him to hope for success. 
 
 13. A^ovo-t] That is, Ctesiphon and Demosthenes, in 
 their replies. These anticipations of what an opponent 
 would say are more common in ancient than in modern 
 oratory. They abound particularly in this oration ; so much 
 so, that it is generally supposed that many of them, with 
 some other things, were added after the reply of Demosthe- 
 nes was made. But as this was an old dispute, and turned 
 mostly upon points which they had often discussed before 
 with each other, and many of which, it is probable, were at 
 
NOTES. Ill 
 
 issue between the two great parties, the conservative and 
 the revolutionary, many of them, we may suppose, were 
 real anticipations. But there can be no doubt that much 
 was added by ^Eschines after the reply of Demosthenes was 
 made. See 180, 225. Demosthenes makes no attempt 
 to avail himself of the distinction here referred to, in his 
 reply, but maintains the propriety of his being crowned, 
 upon the ground that he had furnished from his own private 
 fortune a large part of the money expended in his office as 
 repairer of the walls of the city, and that others had been 
 crowned in such cases while undischarged of their office 
 (see 111-119 of his reply). It is probable that the 
 law upon this point, though such as here stated by ^Eschi- 
 nes, was often dispensed with on particular pretexts, and 
 was rapidly going into disuse at the time of this trial. The 
 nation had become so corrupt, that the laws were but cob- 
 webs. ms apa] " that forsooth." It generally indicates 
 disbelief or contempt. See Dem. Pop. Orat., VIII. 4, 
 note. eTrt/ze Aeta TLS KOI SiaKovla] These terms indicate 
 certain temporary and subordinate kinds of public service, 
 for which those who exercised them were not required to 
 render an account. Some seem to have contended (of 
 whom ./Eschines would have it that Demosthenes was one) 
 that all persons appointed to any duty by a special vote 
 belonged to this class. of tfeoyxotfeVat] " the Thesmothetse," 
 i. e. the six inferior archons, all except the Eponymus, 
 the King, and the Polemarch. They superintended the 
 lots for the election 'of nearly all the regular magistrates 
 (apxovres) at the temple of Theseus. See Bojesen, p. 
 95. dpxaipeo-iais] " assemblies for electing magistrates," 
 probably held at stated times. See Schomann, Assemb. 
 Ath., p. ^95. pera TOVTWV] "connected with these." 
 
 14. \v(Ttv r]yovp.voi\ " thinking to put an end to." 
 This appears to have been a regular magis- 
 
112 NOTES. 
 
 tracy, filled annually by the choice of one from each of the 
 ten tribes. The appointment was made by the tribes at the 
 command of the people (see 27, 31). Their business 
 was to see that the walls and fortifications around Athens 
 were kept in repair. Demosthenes seems to have been one 
 of the ten commissioners for this purpose in the year of the 
 battle of Chaeroneia, B. C. 338 (see 27, note), and to have 
 been employed in making some repairs on the walls im- 
 mediately after that event. See the word in Smith's Diet. 
 Antiq. fjyp.ovias diKaa-rrjpiajv^ That is, " the right of in- 
 stituting the preliminary judicial investigations in all causes 
 coming within their respective departments." This right 
 belonged to all magistrates, properly so called, in which 
 capacity they were called flo-ayayels (see elo-ayayeis in 
 Smith's Diet. Antiq.). 
 
 15. KeAevei] That is, the decree, of which he had quoted 
 the introductory part. Ov . . . . BiKacmjpim'] " not to serve, 
 but to exercise a magistracy, having been approved in the 
 court." Their office, then, was not a StaKoj/ia, but an apxn 
 (see 13). But before they could enter upon their office, 
 they must pass the customary examination, or 
 before the court. See Herm., 148. al 
 " the magistrates chosen by lot." See 13, note. KOI 
 .... Xoyto-ras] " and enter an account and proofs for the 
 secretary and the accountants." Bremi supposes that, 
 properly, didovai is understood with ev&W, which is often 
 expressed. See 20. Adyos (or Xoyto-/xos) was the ac- 
 count itself, and cvtivvai the accompanying statements, de- 
 signed to elucidate or prove it. It was somehow with refer- 
 ence to these two parts of the account, it is probable, that 
 the two classes of examiners (Logista3 and Euthyni) re- 
 ceived their appellations. The secretary referred to was, 
 probably, what was called the scribe of the city, or of the 
 Senate and people. See Boeckh's Pub. Econ. Ath., pp. 
 189 - 193 ; Schomann, p. 303. NOMOl] The documents 
 
NOTES. 113 
 
 are merely referred to by their titles in this oration, and not 
 introduced. See the Appendix to my edition of Dem. de 
 Corona. 
 
 16. a7ronvr)iJ.oi>Viv KOI avriTCLTreiv] " to call up and oppose." 
 VTToftaXXciv] " to reply," "show." ra> roC vofjiov diKatai] 
 " to the justice of the law." Opposed to rfj roO \eyovros 
 dvaurxwria. The case is well put here, and the sentiment 
 just. 
 
 17. Up6s Se . . . . ArjfjLoa-6evr]s] " but with regard now to 
 the invincible argument which Demosthenes speaks of." 
 He had probably spoken of it in private circles, unless this 
 be one of those passages added after the reply of Demos- 
 thenes. He does make use of this argument in his reply, 
 and very plausibly at least, if not convincingly. It was 
 expressly for his benefactions to the state that Ctesiphon 
 purposed to crown him. See the decree of Ctesiphon, 
 Dem. de Coron., 119- pvas cKarbii] A misrepresenta- 
 tion, or mistake (arising, perhaps, from confounding it with 
 the sum he gave as manager of the Theoricon, Dem. de 
 Coron., 119). He gave in this case three talents, or one 
 hundred and eighty mina, besides other benefactions. See 
 the above-named decree in Dem. " Hoc est oratorum 
 Atticorum flagitium, ut adversarii quae fecerunt laudabilia 
 consulto deminuant et corrumpant." Bremi. TO peycQos] 
 " in size." Accusative of nearer definition. See 77 ; 
 also K. 279. 7. T&V KOI .... Trpoo-eX^Xv^orcoi/] " of those 
 having come forward to the management of public affairs, 
 even in any way whatever." 
 
 18. 7Ti rS>v irapa&ofav] "upon extreme cases," "even 
 in cases where it would not be expected." olov\ " for in- 
 stance." This implies roioVSe, which, however, is more 
 commonly understood, like other demonstratives in Greek. 
 See Plato, Gorg., 464. A. Kara o-S/to] "individually." 
 See 27. ra yepa] That is, the sacrifices, contributions, 
 etc., presented at the temples. TO. yevrj"] "the families." 
 
 10* 
 
114 NOTES. 
 
 That is, certain families in which the priesthood was he- 
 reditary. 
 
 19. TOVS rpirjpdpxovs] " the trierarchs," i. e. citizens who 
 were required to fit out galleys for the public service. They 
 fitted them out at their own expense. See Dem. de Coron., 
 99, note. n-oXAa p.ev .... TO vpercpa] " filching much 
 while they lay out but little, and saying that they give of 
 their own means (eVi&So'i/ai), whereas they only give what 
 is yours." A hit at Demosthenes. Observe p.ev followed 
 by 6e repeated three times, distributing the clauses into 
 pairs, contrasted among themselves and with each other. 
 See 31, note. Their gift, he says, was not such, but a 
 lona Jlde one. ovvefyiatv] " of the Councils!" Such as 
 that of the Areopagus, and the Senate of Five Hundred, 
 named below. VTTO .... ^(/>oj/J u comes under the vote 
 of the tribunals," i. e. was held responsible to the people. 
 
 20. KCU rriv . . . . ^fjfov] " and that august council there, 
 arbiter of the weightiest matters, brings under your vote." 
 The reading varies here, but this is that adopted by Bekker, 
 and seems the most satisfactory, on the whole. OVK apa 
 .... rpv(j)S><n] " Shall not, then, the Council of Areopagus be 
 crowned? (i. e. since their office was for life.) No, for it is 
 not a hereditary right to them. Are they not ambitious, 
 then ? Most assuredly ; but they are not satisfied if one of 
 their number merely does no wrong, whereas, if he does 
 wrong, they punish him (i. e. their strict notions of merit 
 keep them from such aspirations), while your orators put 
 on airs, or run riot in their demands for public honors." 
 This is the best interpretation which I can give of this ob- 
 scure passage. 
 
 21. prj a.Tro$T)p.f)o-a> ;] "may I not leave the country?" 
 Questions asked by ^ require a negative answer. See K. 
 344. 5. d. "iva -ye .... xPWfl] u No, lest, perchance, 
 having embezzled the public money, or executed slightingly 
 the business of your office, you may take to flight." TT/JO- 
 
or THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY 
 
 115 
 
 /, by zeugma, is taken in different senses with xPW aTa 
 and Trpdgfis. KdOiepovv] " to devote to sacred purposes." 
 Because it was not certain that all his property would not be 
 required to settle his account with the state. eWc^i-ov] 
 " adopted." Because no one could be adopted who had not 
 the right of citizenship, and if one failed in giving a satis- 
 factory account of his office, he lost this right. See Herm., 
 Polit. Antiq., 124. 
 
 23. Tiff ftovXfTdt KdTrjyopflv ;~\ At the passing of one's ac- 
 counts before the Logistae, a general invitation was given to 
 all to bring forward any charges which they might have 
 against the magistrate relative to the exercise of his office. 
 
 deKa Tokavra] There were ten commissioners for this pur- 
 pose, one from each tribe. Whether Demosthenes had this 
 sum assigned to him alone, or only his proportion, is a little 
 uncertain. ^Eschines himself, in another place ( 31, /*i- 
 Kpov delv 8e*:a raXa^ra), abates somewhat from the sum 
 here named. See Boeckh, p. 204. va-rcpos] " after," " in 
 conformity with." Opposed to e/z7rpoo-0ez>. 
 
 24. ouroi] Ctesiphon and Demosthenes, both of whom 
 would reply, Ctesiphon first, as being the one directly 
 arraigned, and then Demosthenes, as deeply implicated. 
 /zex/n .... pot] " let it thus far have been spoken by 
 me," i. e. " I have thus far spoken, and this must suffice." 
 It expresses the state resulting from a perfected action, as 
 well as the action itself. K. 255, R. 6. OVTOS] Ctesiphon. 
 
 eVi r<3 QecopiKcp] " over the theoric fund." A large fund, 
 devoted to defraying the expenses of theatrical and other 
 entertainments for the people. See Smith's Diet. Antiq., 
 Art. Theorica. 77877] " now at length." And thus, gen- 
 erally, 77877 is now, in some way out of season, i. e. too 
 early or too late, like the Latin jam. eVi] " under," or, 
 more strictly, " upon." It denotes time, or a course of 
 events, as dependent upon some person (lit. " during the 
 course of events dependent upon what archon"). i 
 
116 NOTES. 
 
 " should be convicted." This verb serves as the passive of 
 alpelv (see alpcl, following). 
 
 25. avTiypafavs] " checking-clerk," " comptroller," i. e. 
 of the accounts of the collectors of the revenues. This was 
 the avriypafavs rrjs (3ov\rjs. See Boeckh's Pub. Econ., p. 
 188. EffjSovXop] An orator at Athens, who had great 
 power with the people. The theoric fund was one of his 
 hobbies for gaining popular favor. qpx ov ] "exercised." 
 *Hy7y/Aoi/os] An illiterate demagogue at Athens, attached 
 to the interest of Philip. anode KTO^V] "collectors and dis- 
 bursers of the public money," " paymasters." There were 
 ten of these. See Boeckh, p. 159. vfapi&v] "dock- 
 yards." An abstract connected with a concrete noun. 
 Thus not unfrequently in .^Eschines. See in Timarch., 5, 
 rS)v rvpdvvtov KOI ra>v 6\iyapxi)v (^oXiyap^LKwv is the conjecture 
 of Taylor, and adopted by Bekker). This concentration of 
 offices in the managers of the theoric fund was to give 
 them sufficient power to prevent the diversion of the fund to 
 other purposes. Such an unnatural amalgamation of offices 
 could not have continued long. See Diet. Antiq., Art. 
 Theorica. 
 
 26. avT<av] Eubulus and Hegemon. anda-as] As de- 
 scribed above. 
 
 27. c7rt/3oXaff eVc/SaXXe] " inflicted penalties." This was 
 evidence of his holding a magistracy. See Lys. Orat. in 
 Nicom., 3. 'ETTI, K. r. X.] There is some difficulty in 
 reconciling the designations of time here given with others 
 pertaining to the same events. The facts in the case seem 
 to be these. Chserondas was well known to have been 
 Eponymus in the year of the battle of Cha3roneia, B. C. 
 338-337). That battle was fought in the second month of 
 the year of Chaerondas (Metageitnion, August, 338). The 
 decree of Ctesiphon to crown Demosthenes was proposed in 
 October of the same year (Dem. de Coron., 119), and 
 JQscbioes lodged his accusation of Ctesiphon with the Ar- 
 
NOTES. 117 
 
 chon in the following March (Dem. de Coron., 54), the 
 ninth month of the year of Chserondas. If now Demos- 
 thenes was not appointed reixoiroios until the following 
 Skirophorion (the following June, the last month of the 
 year of Chserondas), as seems to be stated here, he did 
 not hold the office at the time it was proposed to crown 
 him, and hence was not responsible. Nor is it consistent 
 with the language here employed (without some inter- 
 mediate explanation, as below) to suppose, with Clinton 
 (Fasti Hellenici, Vol. II. p. 446), that the reference is 
 merely to the fact of his being in office at that time, and not 
 that he was then appointed (see *al eVera^ev .... eAeVtfat 
 .... Tafias). The appointment, then, must have been made 
 at the close of the preceding year; and, as it is hardly 
 probable that the true Eponymus of this year would have 
 been given as the pseudeponymus of the preceding, I would 
 suggest, whether (since he was appointed at the very end 
 of the previous year, and for this year) the phrase 'ETT! 
 Xaipowdov was not unconsciously used, by way of anticipa- 
 tion, with reference to the time of his holding the office, 
 and not to the time of his appointment. Demosthenes, it is 
 true (De Coron., 248), speaks of his having procured 
 the appropriation of the money for the repair of the walls 
 after the battle of Chseroneia, but not of his appointment 
 to the office of TCIXOTTOIOS at that time. The office was 
 probably an annual one (see 14, note). devrepa <pdi- 
 VOVTOS] " the last day but one," of this month, " the twenty- 
 ninth day." For the mode of reckoning the days of the 
 month at Athens, see Dem. de Coron., 29, note. ayopav\ 
 Often used thus for an assembly of the tribes or demes. 
 cKda-TTjs] Partitive genitive (" to elect of each of the tribes"). 
 rapids] " treasurers." All such offices, which involved 
 the handling of the public money, were furnished with 
 treasurers. See Boeckh, p. 171. o-w/xara] See 18. 
 28. dvTidia7r\Kft] " he gives the artful or disingenuous re- 
 
118 NOTES. 
 
 ply." eXa^e reixoiroios] Understand fivat (lit. "did not 
 have the lot to be repairer of the walls," " was not chosen 
 by lot"). Thus often. Demosthenes in his reply makes 
 no use of this argument, that he was not chosen to the office 
 by the people, but by his tribe. See 13, note. 
 
 29. TQ>v irp\ .... rpia] " there are three kinds of 
 magistrates." The article, followed by ircpi and an abstract 
 noun, is often equivalent to the corresponding concrete 
 noun, as in the very common phrases, oi -rrfpi rrjv <f>i\oo-o<J>iav t 
 ypafjL/jLariKrjV, prjropiKrjv, etc., = oi <iAd(ro((H, etc. The first 
 class of magistrates named (oi K\r)pcoTol Kal oi xeiporoi/^ro!) 
 were either chosen by lot or by hand vote, upon the nomina- 
 tion of the archon, at assemblies appointed for the purpose ; 
 and the other two classes, either by special vote of the 
 people, or by the tribes or demes at the command of the 
 people ; these were called alprjTol. See Schom., Assemb. 
 Ath., p. 294. 
 
 30. KaraAeiVercu] " it remains." rpiTTws] " thirds," 
 i. e. of the tribes. There were twelve rpin-vey, founded, 
 probably, upon the four original tribes at Athens. This 
 division was for financial purposes. See Herm., Polit. 
 Antiq., < 99. 5. 
 
 31. /*& ____ Se ____ ' ____ M ____ & ---- &] All the 
 clauses stand opposed to that with /zev, which contains the 
 fundamental truth upon which all the others hang and be- 
 come significant. But at the same time that they are all 
 opposed to the first, the separate parts stand opposed to each 
 other, and should be so rendered as to bring out this con- 
 trast (" whereas .... and also .... while .... and at the 
 same time .... when finally "). See Jelf's K. $ 770. 2. 
 The points thus far established are very concisely and ably 
 summed up here. This closes the first count in the in- 
 dictment, The illegality of proposing to crown a magis- 
 trate before he is discharged of the accounts of his office. 
 
 33. o-epvvveo-Oat .... efadev] " to magnify himself, or 
 
NOTES. 119 
 
 put on airs, before strangers," i. e. by having tbe proclama- 
 tion of his being crowned made in the theatre at the great 
 Dionysiac festival (as was proposed in the decree of Ctesi- 
 phori), which was attended by people from all parts of 
 Greece. See Smith's Diet. Antiq., Art. Dionysia. e'pyo- 
 Xa/3elz/] " to work for pay," " to seek personal advantage 
 and glory." 
 
 34. v r<5 &7/Lu .... KK\rja-ia] " among the people in 
 Pnyx, the assembly." rrj eKKXrjo-ia seems to be in appo- 
 sition with the two preceding nouns, or else it must mean 
 here the place of the assembly, and be in apposition with 
 nvKz/i. The Pnyx was a semicircular excavation in the side 
 of a hill, a little to the west of the Acropolis, inclosed by a 
 low wall, and entirely open above. This was the place for 
 the meetings of the Assembly of Athens in her best days. 
 See Wordsworth's Athens, pp. 65, seq. TpayuS&v .... 
 KCUVVV] That is, at the Great Dionysia, in March, when 
 new tragedies were represented. The expression, there- 
 fore, designates the time. 
 
 35. iraparaxQeis .... vopois] " having been in concert 
 with Demosthenes, will assail the laws by cunning devices." 
 iva . . . . cgcnraTr]6VTs~] " that you may not unconsciously 
 be deceived." See K. $ 310. 4. 1. /} Krjpvrreiv] After 
 words of a negative and prohibitive signification, the Greek 
 employs another negative (prj) with the following infinitive, 
 when we do not. Generally, too, where the negative verb 
 is accompanied, as here, by OVK, or some other negative 
 word, fir) ov, instead of ^ alone, is found with the infinitive. 
 K. 318. 8 and 10. TOV AIOWO-ICIKOV z/o/zoi/] This is the law 
 by which Demosthenes justifies the proposition to proclaim 
 his crown in the theatre, a fragment of which is given in his 
 reply ( 120). It is evident from all the reasoning of 
 ^Eschines upon it, that there was such a law, and that it 
 was not obselete. But there appear to have been different 
 interpretations put upon one part of it. After forbidding 
 
120 NOTES. 
 
 any who were crowned by the tribes or the denies being 
 proclaimed in the theatre, it seems to have added, as Dissen 
 (Dem. de Coron., 120) supposes (see also 44, 47): 
 \ur\Q* VTT aX\ov prjftcvos (eV TW QeaTpa* dvayopevecrQai (TT(f)avov- 
 fj.vov"), f) arifjiov elvat TOV KrjpvKa, 77X17 v edv TWOS 6 drjpos 
 fi TJ ftovXr} ^lsr)<f)i(rT}Tai TOVTOVS 8' dvayopeveTo*. The excep- 
 tion here made, ^Eschines (see 47, 48) applies to crowns 
 bestowed upon Athenian citizens by other states ; such, he 
 says, might indeed be proclaimed in the theatre, if the 
 Senate or people voted so. It is obvious, however, that the 
 clause is capable of a different interpretation, as applicable 
 to special cases, where there was an express vote to pro- 
 claim a crown in the theatre. Besides, there can be no 
 doubt that this was the common understanding of the pas- 
 sage, and that crowns were often bestowed to be proclaimed 
 in accordance with it (see Dem. de Coron., <> 83,213). 
 And, in general, it is plain that both upon this and the 
 previous point, while the common law, and perhaps com- 
 mon usage, were on the side of JEschines, special laws and 
 usage were on the side of Ctesiphon. If there was no law 
 and no usage in his favor, why was the proposition made in 
 this form, when substantially the same ends might have been 
 gained in a legal way ? For certainly the mere place 
 of the proclamation of the crown was of no account, and 
 even according to ^Eschines (31), if he had only added 
 to the proposition to crown him, " when he has rendered up 
 his accounts," the decree would have been legal on that 
 point. In short, one familiar with the history of Athens at 
 this period, and with all the circumstances connected with 
 the present trial, cannot help feeling, to say the least, that 
 the decree of Ctesiphon was not so inconsistent with the 
 laws and usages of the times, as to have provoked a prose- 
 cution from any one but an imbittered enemy. And it is 
 in this light that Demosthenes treats it in his reply (see 
 12-16, 121,e*flZ.). 
 
NOTES. 121 
 
 37. trvvq-yopovs] " as supporters or advocates." oirep 
 diaT\> o-TTovSdfav] " which I continually aim at or strive 
 after," i. e. to sustain all his points by laws. v^w fls rrjv 
 TroXiremv] " Lenis est metathesis pro els rrjv TrdXireiav vp,S>v" 
 Bremi. 
 
 38. OVTC r)fj,\r)rai] "nor has it been overlooked." r<3 
 vofioderri] See 6, note. rots 6eo-[jLo0Tais] The Thesmo- 
 thetas (see 13, note) were required to review the laws every 
 year, that they might detect any inconsistencies or super- 
 fluities in them, and report upon the same to the people, 
 who referred the necessary alterations to a committee called 
 Nomothetse. See Diet. Antiq. dioptiovv] " to rectify," i. e. 
 see that there were no conflicting or abrogated laws in the 
 
 public records. See above. araye'ypctTrrai] " Id est, Karat, 
 eo-nv : verbum proprium de legislatione." Bremi. 
 
 39. o-aviviv] That is, the tablets upon which the laws 
 that needed revision were inscribed and exposed 
 
 before the statues of the Eponymi ('ETravvpuv). 
 ras vojuotfe'ras] "having inscribed upon the call (i. e. as- 
 signed) Nomothetse." This is the interpretation of F. A. 
 Wolf, which seems to me much better than that of Scho- 
 mann (Assemb. Ath., p. 249), which makes these words 
 merely indicate the general subject to be attended to at the 
 meeting ("having added," i. e. as the subject of the meet- 
 ing, " Nomothetce" ) . The Nomotheta? seem to have been 
 appointed by the Prytanes (see Dem. contr. Timoc., 27). 
 They were taken from such of the people as acted as jury- 
 men for the year, and were, at one time, a thousand in 
 number. Business was done before them as* in a regular 
 assembly of the people, of whom they constituted a part. I 
 would suggest, therefore, that ro> &i/x&>, in the following 
 clause, refers to them only, and that they, with the pre- 
 siding officers and the advocates on each side, constituted- 
 the assembly which was to be called. If this be so, it is not 1 
 necessary to suppose, with Schomann (Assemb. Ath., p.. 
 
122 NOTES. 
 
 248), that the reference here is to a second revision of the 
 laws, at the direction of the Thesmothetse, different from the 
 ordinary annual revision, which in itself is very improbable, 
 and is based upon this passage alone. See Schomann, pp. 
 246-249. 
 
 40. irapa] " from," " coming from," i. e. " uttered by." 
 
 TJTOI . . . . Tj ] " Hoc ordine semper leguntur has particu- 
 lae, non vice versa f) . . . . froi. Prius membrum est vel 
 admirantis vel mirantis, interdum tota disjunctio admiran- 
 tis." Bremi. Mvara yeix-V&u] " unable to be," " which 
 cannot be." 
 
 41. tv ao-rei] This, standing between the article and its 
 noun, has an attributive relation to the noun (" the city 
 plays"). These were distinguished from the country plays, 
 both as to time and magnificence. This view of the case 
 relieves the passage from all appearance of being a solecism 
 on account of the use of ytyvo/j.fva>v. ov neia-airres TOV fi^/zoi/J 
 That is, without the vote of the people. 
 
 42. Trpogevias .... fvprjpevoi] " having obtained the rights 
 of a TTpogcvos, or friendships." ovra> n'^oi] " per- 
 chance." 6 T&V 'PofiiW] That is, 6 drjp.os T>V 'PoSicoi/. 
 
 43. rovs peif .... TOVS fie] For the usage of piv and 
 dc, see 12, note. 
 
 44. ^i/o>xAeIro] For the augment before the preposition, 
 see K. 126. 1. Trepl r5>v eviK.S>v <TT(f)dv(ov^ In connec- 
 tion with the interpretation here given of the provisions of 
 the law, see 35, note. 
 
 45. fjirf KrjpvTreo-Bai] See 35, note. epaw'faw] "beg- 
 ging." dTrovo-rjs povXrjs, K. r. \.] " the council being left 
 out," or " aside from the council," etc. The part, ex- 
 presses a condition. K. 312. 4, d. 
 
 46. av . . . . dvappr)0fi] " may have been proclaimed." 
 
 lepov elvai rrjs 'Adrjvas] " to be a votive offering to Athe- 
 ne." Just as the tripods of the victors in certain games 
 were devoted to Apollo, and of the Choregi at the Dionysia 
 
NOTES. 123 
 
 to Dionysus. I do not see, therefore, how this proves that 
 foreign crowns are alluded to, unless it proves the same in 
 the other case. roo-avr^t/ .... 'A^i/auoi/] "to charge upon 
 the people of Athens so great illiberality." Verbs of ac- 
 cusing, when compounded with /mra, take the person in the 
 genitive. K. 292, R. 1. Mfj yap on . . . . dXX* o8'] 
 " Mr) ellipticum est: Mq yap v7roXa/ii/3aj/erf, on av yeVoiro TroXiy, 
 aXX* ovS' av ISioiTrjs .... ye'i/oiro, ne opinemini civita- 
 tem fore,sed ne fuerit quidem privatus tarn illi- 
 beral is." Bremi. rr\v ^xty] Accusative of nearer 
 definition. So below, 47. K. 279. 7. 
 
 47. OVK .... ovdeiy] Observe the double negative, 
 one a direct negative, and the other a negative pronoun. 
 Thus generally in Greek. K. 318. 6. 
 
 48. To yap .... Xe'ye] " for say all the day what that 
 oXXotfi de /xT/Sa/zoG means," i. e. spend the whole day in en- 
 deavouring to explain it away. This closes the second 
 count in the indictment, The illegality of the proposition 
 to proclaim the crown in the theatre. 
 
 49. <j>* /iaXio-ra 0-7rovSao>] " upon which I am specially 
 earnest." He now enters upon the discussion of the merits 
 of Demosthenes, which had been put forward as the ground 
 of the proposed honor. Upon this point he lays the great- 
 est stress, and bestows his principal strength. 
 
 50. /zero raCra] " after these things," i. e. from this point. 
 
 Kpivai Vfj,a6r)s] "intelligible to judge." rbv jueV .... e'/ie] 
 
 " me, the accuser." Kara A^/xoo-^Vovy] " Kara proprie 
 motum ex superiore loco in inferiorem locum significat; 
 hinc tropice vel de vituperiis vel de laudibus dicitur, quse 
 quasi dejiciuntur in aliquem,et facile intelligitur significa- 
 tionem malam esse frequentiorem. Interdum tamen etiam 
 in ejusmodi locutionibus reperitur, in quibus aut omnino sig- 
 nificat quod attinet ad, aut in favorem, honorem. 
 Vide 241." Brerni. TTJV ypa(j>r}i> dXwaerai] "will be con- 
 victed on the indictment." dXi'o-/<eo-&u usually takes the gen- 
 
124 NOTES. 
 
 itive of the crime or charge, like other verbs of convicting. 
 For this construction, see 232, note. anavres .... eV 
 rois Srjpoo-iois ^(pia-fuuri] He denies that the merits of 
 Demosthenes were such as described in the decree of Cte- 
 siphon, and hence that his decree was illegal. This, there- 
 fore, is the third point to be made out, The illegality of 
 the decree of Ctesiphon, on account of its false statement 
 of the merits of Demosthenes. rovvavriov rovrov] " the op- 
 posite of this." Governed by dencreov l<rrlv. 
 
 51. raOra] " these things," i. e. what follows. r^v roC 
 rpavparos ypacfrrjv] " the prosecution for wounding." Such 
 causes were tried before the Areopagus, and, in order to be 
 sustained, required that purpose or forethought (rrpovola) 
 should be proved. Of the particular case here referred to 
 nothing is known, as far as I am aware, beyond what is here 
 said. TTJV Krjcfrto-odoTov <rTpaTr)yiav] An Athenian general 
 sent with a squadron to the Hellespont, who was supposed 
 to have sacrificed the Athenian interests to Charidemus, in 
 the terms upon which he received Alopeconnesus, and was 
 deprived of his command in consequence. See the account 
 of the affair in Dem. contr. Aristoc., pp. 675, seq. De- 
 mosthenes appears to have been in the squadron, and to 
 have been honored by the presence of the general in the 
 vessel (flag-ship) which he had equipped as trierarch. But 
 I see nothing in this circumstance which should have pre- 
 vented him from becoming his accuser, if he thought him 
 guilty of the crime charged upon him. There does, how- 
 ever, seem to have been a sort of severity in the character 
 of Demosthenes, as is evident from what ^Eschines says of 
 him in this and other places, such as is often conjoined with 
 a strong will and vigorous intellect, and uncompromising 
 moral principles. 
 
 52. 071-' eiVayyeAiay] " by the process called etVayyeXm." 
 See 3, note. KOL ravra TjfSq, K. T. A.] This affair with Meidias 
 seems to have been much more disgraceful on the part of his 
 
NOTES. 125 
 
 adversary than on the part of Demosthenes. Meidias was a 
 wealthy and influential citizen, who, with a sort of purse- 
 proud insolence, undertook to domineer over Demosthenes, 
 and annoy him in every possible way, till he finally struck 
 him with his fist (KovSvAovs) while acting as xop^yo'y in the 
 theatre. Demosthenes prosecuted him for impiety (as the 
 offence was committed at the festival of Dionysus), and ob- 
 tained a sort of preliminary decision of the people (*arax- 
 poroviav) in his favor ; but, on account of the great wealth 
 and influence of Meidias, as is supposed, settled the case for 
 a sum of money before it was brought before the regular 
 tribunal. It is probable, therefore, that the oration of De- 
 mosthenes against Meidias, which is extant, was never de- 
 livered. For the nature and object of the KaraxeipoTovia, 
 spoken of in the text, see Schom., Assemb. Ath., p. 230. 
 
 53. TOV dyava Kara;a/3io/>iei/oy] " Kara^api^Vo-^ai est pro- 
 dere aliquid contra jus fasque in gratiam alicujus." Bremi. 
 dTravrrjo-rj] " may fall to," " may be awarded to." Being 
 intransitive, it is constructed like a passive verb. K. 249. 
 3. oro>] " against whomsoever." Dat. of disadvantage. 
 
 54. Uepl Se] Se stands opposed to /zei/ at the beginning 
 of 51, where he commences speaking of the private mis- 
 deeds of Demosthenes, as he here proposes to speak of his 
 public misdeeds. 6 \6yos] " the speech," i. e. " the cus- 
 tomary opportunity of replying." as Spa] See 137, 
 note. Demosthenes makes no such division of his public 
 life, but considers the history of the first two periods as 
 wholly irrelevant to the cause, and hence, after having 
 briefly replied to some of the charges of ^Eschines pertain- 
 ing to them, commences at the third period. See De Coron., 
 6, note. cv w . . . . eVoAe/Aovjwei/] That is, eleven years, 
 from B. C. 335 to 346, from the taking of Amphipolis by 
 Philip to the peace of Philocrates, here spoken of. 
 
 55. rfyofiev] " w were enjoying." The peace continued, 
 nominally, seven years, till B. C. 339, when Demosthenes, 
 
 11* 
 
126 NOTES. 
 
 after Philip had virtually been at war with them for years, 
 finally induced the Athenians formally to renew hostilities 
 with him. rrjs drvxias] "the mishap." A euphemism. 
 The reference is to the unfortunate battle of Chseroneia, in 
 which the Athenians and Thebans received a signal defeat 
 from Philip, that secured his supremacy in Greece. This 
 occurred in the year following the renewal of hostilities. 
 The fourth period referred to is that of the humiliation of 
 Athens under Philip and Alexander, which ensued. e'y- 
 AcaXvTrrco/xat Kal aVoSiSpao-Kto] " cover my face (i. e. from 
 shame) and slink away." In other places fyKaXinrrfa-Bai 
 means, " to cover the face from grief" i. e. to grieve. 
 
 56. lo-xvpifrrat] " *i<rxypif<r6ai de pertinace dicitur, qui 
 superbe et importune, non argumentorum pondere, sed sua 
 unius auctoritate nixus, aliquid ita esse asseverat, ut ipse 
 pronuntiet, et mendacia dicere eos, qui aliud quid affir- 
 ment." Bremi. o-ot] Governed by dnoKpivonai, below. 
 Kaip5>v\ This denotes that relative to which he accused him. 
 Thus also 55 (K. 273. 4, f.). Generally, KaT-qyoptlv 
 governs the gen. of person and ace. of thing. K. 292. R. 
 
 57. K dyt>] That is, " and if I." The influence of fo 
 extends to this clause also. a o-ot o-woiSa] "which I know 
 in common with you." roi/s <iA(w#/3a>7ra>s .... x/OTjo-a/ie- 
 vovs] " Intelligit sobriam et humanam rerum civilium ra- 
 tionem, alienam a superbia et arrogantia." Bremi. raei] 
 " order," " arrangement." Kal &? . . . . fipfjvrjv] "and now 
 I take myself back to the peace." &) is employed here in 
 resuming the discourse at the point from which he had de- 
 parted. Thus often. 
 
 58. rr)v Trporepav fKfivrjv clpr]vr]v\ That is, the peace of 
 Philoc rates, made with Philip at the close of the Amphi- 
 politari war (B. C. 346), as distinguished from the peace of 
 Demades, made after the battle of Choeroneia (B. C. 338). 
 KOIVOV o-vveSpiov 'EXX^wi/] That is, a^ congress, not only 
 of the regular allies of Athens, but of as many of the Greek 
 
NOTES. 127 
 
 states as they could induce to join them in conducting their 
 negotiations with Philip. This is evident from what follows, 
 as well as from ^Esch. de F. L., p. 35. It is clear that 
 Demosthenes, for certain reasons (see Thirl wall, chap. 44), 
 was anxious to conclude the peace as soon as possible, but 
 that he prevented its being made in conjunction with a com- 
 mon council of the Greeks is not so clear. The facts in 
 the case, after weighing carefully the contradictory state- 
 ments of the rival orators, seem to be something as follow. 
 ^Eschines proposed such a council about a year before 
 the discussions upon the peace, and, in pursuance of his 
 plan, himself went on an embassy to Megalopolis (Dem. de 
 F. L., p. 344) ; but, as is evident from his own statement 
 (F. L., p. 38), the plan was never carried out, or was un- 
 successful, as none came to their aid up to the time of the 
 proposed peace. As to the pretence of .^Eschines, that cer- 
 tain ambassadors were out, at the time of the discussions on 
 the peace, for the purpose of inviting the cooperation of 
 the other states, and that the congress of the allies at Ath- 
 ens proposed at that time (see jEsch. de F. L., p. 35) 
 to wait till their return, this seems improbable on many 
 grounds, but, especially, is contradicted by ./Eschines him- 
 self, in the account which he gives of the contents of the 
 decree of the allies, in the present oration ( 70), and is 
 expressly denied by Demosthenes (De Coron., 23, 24). 
 There was, however, as is admitted by both orators, a con- 
 gress of Greeks at Athens at that time, which, therefore, 
 must have been wholly, or mostly, a congress of the regular 
 allies of Athens. And these, as it would seem from an ex- 
 pression of Demosthenes (F. L , 16), had been called 
 together in pursuance of the plan of ^Eschines, above named. 
 This view of the case, it is believed, will sufficiently account 
 for all the statements of the rival orators on the point. 
 rives] That is, Demosthenes and his party. ?re eWe- 
 Lit., " were, having sent out," i. e. " had sent 
 
128 NOTES. 
 
 out." The periphrastic form expresses better the state of 
 expectancy, which he pretends they were in, in consequence 
 of the embassies which they had despatched. *al .... 
 dTroXaftew] To be joined with 7ro^o-ao-0ui, before the inter- 
 mediate clauses. rrjv fyf/jLoviav] " the primacy," "the su- 
 premacy." That is, "a leading and controlling position 
 among the Greek states." 
 
 59. ldty*ip] " suddenly," " unexpectedly." This shows 
 that the public sentiment was in danger of being shocked by 
 the charge ( 227) of corruption made against Demosthe- 
 nes. Demosthenes, in his reply, in alluding to the figure 
 of the accounts, which follows, makes an admirable use of 
 the current opinion in his favor, which is so clearly implied 
 in the language of ^Eschines. eVcetWf] "in that way," 
 " thus," i. e. as in the case of the accounts. It is used in- 
 stead of ovrow, because it refers to the illustration, and hence 
 to what is more remote, like eWiW. It is more fully ex- 
 plained by the sentence with o>ro>, at the beginning of 
 60. xPVpuTav avrj\a>pevu)v] " money expended," i. e. by 
 some one to whom it had been intrusted. ri rovs Xoyto-- 
 povs] " for the accounts," i. e. to obtain the results of cast- 
 ing up the account. <rvyKe(f)aXaia)6ri~\ " may have been 
 summed up." OOTIS] Strictly wore is required here, to 
 correspond to ora>, but the adjective clause is often used in 
 the place of the adverbial clause, introduced by fiore. K. 
 334. 2. alprj] " may carry," " may establish," " prove." 
 
 60,61. CK TO>V ffi-rrpoadev xpoVwi/] "from the former times," 
 " in former times." To be connected with tx ovTfS rather 
 than rJKovo-iv, but perhaps influenced by that to take for 
 eV. However, see Dem. Pop. Orat., p. 148 (Philip. I. 1). 
 O7royi/a>ra> .... Karayi/o>r<o] " Judicandi verba, quse cum 
 OTTO composita sunt, significationem habent absolvendi, 
 quse cum /cara, condemnandi." Bremi. irplv azovo-y^ 
 The subj. after Trplv is occasionally found thus without av in 
 the Attic writers. K. 337, R. 3. ptv (TrAeuo /*eV) .... 
 
NOTES. 129 
 
 Be .... Be .... Be] See 31. e apxM Bears an 
 attributive relation to clpr)vr)s (" the original peace," i. e. the 
 first peace, or the peace in its incipient state). 
 
 62. eypd(pr) Trapavopuv] " was accused of illegality," " was 
 indicted as*illegal." Thus generally the pass, of ypdfaiv is 
 used ; so in the middle, " indicting." See ypa^dpfvos, follow- 
 ing. o-vvanfXoye'iTO .... Arjuoa-devrjs] This does not seem 
 to imply any political connection with Philocrates, any more 
 than the defending of one in our courts implies such a con- 
 nection with him. 6 xpoW] That is, the time for making 
 the peace. ovre Xa^wi/ .... 7rpia//ei>oy] " having obtained 
 the place neither as principal nor substitute, but having pur- 
 chased it by arrangement." The reference seems to be to 
 the abuse of the lottery principle, befor6 alluded to ( 3, 
 note). In choosing public officers, substitutes were chosen 
 to take the place of the principal, in case of his failure for 
 any reason, which accounts for the use of Xa^wi/ and eViXa- 
 Xa>v. els vTroSoxfjv] " by way of supporting." 
 
 63. NiKa] "carries" (lit. " conquers "). So also with 
 yzxop;, as Plat. Gorg. 456. A : ol VIK&VTCS ras yvapas. 
 ev &> . . . . Trpeo-peis] This was the first embassy (Trept 
 elprjVTjs). o-Trei'ercur&u] " to give pledges of safe conduct 
 to," i. e. in coming to Athens and returning. aKoXovda] 
 " in keeping with Philocrates" i. e. in keeping with what 
 Philocrates proposed. It is of the nature of what is called 
 the compendious comparison. K. 323, R. 6. 
 
 64. Ta de /xera ravra] Lit. " the after these things," " in 
 relation to what followed." An adverbial ace. K. 279, 
 R. 10. 'ETrparrero] " it was effected," " brought about." 
 This, it will be observed, is followed by &7ro>s pj, first with 
 the subj. (TTfpt/ieiVqre, TToirjvrio-Qe), and then with the fut. (i//^- 
 (pielo-Ge). This is to give greater animation to the discourse, 
 representing what was past as present. K. 330, R. 1. 
 The subj. and fut. differ in this, that the fut. represents the 
 idea as definite and actual, while the subj. represents it as 
 
130 NOTES. 
 
 contingent. K. 330. 6. This charge of cooperating with 
 Philocrates Demosthenes expressly denies, and throws it 
 upon jEschines and his friends. See De Coron., 21. npos 
 rovf oXXouj, K. T. X.] ?rp6y, " out of regard to," " by means 
 of," " on the part of." This sense grows out of the original 
 meaning of irpos (in the presence of). o-vKocpairrrjdevras] 
 " slandered." tW*poi>] That is, after their return from 
 the second embassy, when Demosthenes accused his col- 
 leagues, and especially ^Eschines, of malversation. See 
 the orations of Demosthenes and ^Eschines, De Falsa Le- 
 gatione. TrapaKaXovvres] " stimulating," " stirring up," i. e. 
 the Greeks (see 68). Refers back to the subject of n-ept- 
 peivrjTf (i. e. the Athenians), and not to irpeo-pfts. 
 
 65. TTpoa-exoiev .... vpcTcpat] " should think of joining 
 themselves to your democratic ranks." irpo<rcxtu> in this 
 sense usually has rbv vow (lit. "to turn the attention to") 
 with it. See Dem. Olynth. II., 13; Philip. I., $ 6. T< 
 ir\f)6ei does not denote mere multitude, but the character of 
 the Athenian party. (See Xen. Mem. I. 2. 43.) The Athe- 
 nians formed the rallying point for all the democratical 
 states. Kepo-o/SXeVr/;?] Why Kersobleptes was not in- 
 cluded in the treaty of peace with Philip is uncertain. The 
 reason here assigned is the least probable of all. It is 
 most probable, that Kersobleptes was not fairly entitled to 
 be considered as an ally of Athens, and, as such, was ex- 
 cluded by Philip, according to the terms of the treaty (see 
 Thirl wall, chap. 44). His ruin, together with that of the 
 Phocians, is ascribed by Demosthenes, with much more 
 plausibility, to the unnecessary delays made by ^Eschines 
 and his friends in obtaining the ratification of the treaty from 
 Philip. See De Coron., 30-40. nap^yye'AXero .... 
 orpareta] " But already an expedition (i. e. made by Philip) 
 was announced against him (Kersobleptes)." 
 
 66. 6 /xei/ eoovov/zei/oy] That is, Philip. He did nothing 
 out of the way, the orator says, in purchasing these advan- 
 
NOTES. 131 
 
 tages, but the traitors who sold them to him deserved eternal 
 reprobation. p.i(rd\egav8pos .... fiia-o(f)i\nr7ros] Adjec- 
 tives formed from proper names, as verbs often are, in 
 Greek. 6 TTJV . . . . 'AX^oVfyov] See the keen retort of 
 Demosthenes on this point, De Coron., 51, 52. rf} oydoy 
 .... firjvos] For the method of reckoning the days of the 
 months at Athens, see Dem. de Coron., 29, note. 
 
 67. or TIV TO) 'AorAcXTjTncp, K. T. X.] This, of course, indicates 
 haste; but it is admitted that Demosthenes was anxious to 
 conclude the peace as soon as possible, and for good rea- 
 sons. See 58. 
 
 68. ra Atoj/vo-m ra eV turret] The city Dionysia were 
 the Great Dionysia, which, it seems from this place com- 
 pared with 67, occurred somewhere between the 8th and 
 18th of Elaphebolion. Besides this festival to Dionysus, 
 there were, also, the Lesser Dionysia and the Lena?a. See 
 Dem. de Coron., 54, note. 
 
 69. 'ETretS?) .... eKK\r)<Ticu] " When now, Athenians, 
 the Dionysia had passed, but in the mean time there were 
 two assemblies." What intervenes between Aiovvo-ia and the 
 beginning of 71 is a sort of parenthesis, consisting of in- 
 termediate clauses preparing the way for the apodosis to the 
 clause beginning with 'Enctdr]. However, on account of the 
 great number of these intermediate clauses, the structure of 
 sentence is changed, and what is the apodosis in sense is 
 expressed independently. The main idea is, that when the 
 festival of Dionysus had passed, and the assemblies occurred, 
 he advocated the decree of the allies. But this main idea 
 is modified by the intervening clauses. This anacoluthon, 
 as it were, accounts for the use of 5e after fyiyvovro. For a 
 similar construction after eVet&i, see Dem. de Coron., 126. 
 
 fypatyav] Supply ot o-v/x/za^ot from ro>v (rv/n/ia^o)!/. /cat] 
 " even" ("even the peace, much more the alliance''''). 
 
 70. tWo/zo/ot] " intending to cure or remedy." Fut. part. 
 
 /cat irpocTfypa^av t K. T. X.] This, probably, is the true ac- 
 
132 NOTES. 
 
 count of the purport of the decree of the allies. See 58. 
 
 OT^XT/I/] "Suidas: a-rrjXrj rj \i0os fj X a ^X s OTi/iJJKijy, 
 TTpaya>v(t> 0-^/zart ISpvpfvos. Quicquid publicse memoriae 
 mandari volebant, ejusmodi coluranis inscribebatur. Cujus 
 rei varia exempla habet Suidas." Bremi. rpipyvov] An 
 adjective agreeing with Tre/uoSou, understood. 
 
 71. navTfs} Understand cruz/enroi/, to be supplied from 
 (rvvfiTTfiv. K. 346. 2, a. 7r/>oKaraXa/i/3aj/a>i> .... /3^/na] 
 But how can this be, when ^Eschines himself, in another 
 place (F. L., 69), says, that, by a decree of Demosthe- 
 nes, no speaking was allowed on the second day ? 
 
 72. aTTopp^ai] " to break," " to separate." Depends 
 upon dclv. I see nothing so harsh in the metaphor as 
 jEschines affects to (8ia rrjv drjBiav). See 166, note. 
 Te\evrS>v] " finally." See Dem. Pop. Orat., VIII. 49, note. 
 
 'AvrifraTpov] One of Philip's ambassadors, probably the 
 same who was afterwards one of the generals of Alexander. 
 - Trpoenrav .... dnoKpivaa-dai] That is, by a previous 
 arrangement between them re\os] " in the end," " final- 
 ly." Adverbial ace. Often used thus. See Soph. Antig., 
 233. eW/ta] "prevailed." Takes ravr as nom., and has 
 no objective. Thus often. See Dem. Philip. L, 51. 
 
 73. avrols] Demosthenes and Philocrates. rbv .... 
 jroirjo-ai] " to abandon the region on the coast of Thrace," 
 i. e. the Cherronesus. For r6nos regio, see Dem. Pop. 
 Orat., IV. 32. The periphrasis etcdorov Trot^o-at is equiva- 
 lent to fK^ovvai. KTTJ <f>6lvovToi\ That is, as Elaphebolion 
 had twenty-nine days in this year (see Franke's Chrono- 
 logical Table to the Philippics), the twenty -fourth day. On 
 this day (see 74) the allies were required to confirm the 
 treaty ; that is, five days after it was voted in the Assembly. 
 
 74. AavQdvci .... irapfyypd^as] "slyly inserts." Lit. 
 " escapes, having inserted." \av6dvti is understood, also, 
 with fTTt^rifyia-as (" slyly puts it to the vote"). 
 
 75. irpofdpos] " presiding officer." See 3. The refer- 
 
NOTES. 133 
 
 ence is to Demosthenes. KaXoV .... (jtaXajo?] The public 
 records at Athens were kept under the custody of the public 
 scribe in the Metroum, or temple of the mother of the gods, 
 the key of which was intrusted to the care of the president 
 of the presiding tribe for the time being (eVto-rar^s-). See 
 Schom., Assemb. Ath., p. 131. avro/jioXova-iv] " auro/zoXeiy 
 proprie dicuntur milites, qui ad hostes transfugiunt. In re 
 civili facile transfertur ad eos, qui alio tempore alias partes 
 secuti, modo in perniciem patriee aperte agunt, modo in ejus 
 salutem agere se simulant." Bremi. 
 
 76. Trpocdptav] "the front seat," i. e. in the theatre of 
 Dionysus, at the Great Dionysia, which occurred while the 
 ambassadors of Philip were at Athens. As there was no 
 special minister of foreign affairs at Athens, foreign ambas- 
 sadors were received and the usual courtesies were shown 
 them by some one of the senators. As Demosthenes had 
 recently visited the court of Philip, on an embassy con- 
 nected with the same subject, this office was very properly 
 assumed by him in the present case. See the reply of De- 
 mosthenes on this point, De Coron., ^ 28. KOI . . . . 
 
 In order to make their seats comfortable. 
 f}p<cpa] For the purpose of securing the best seats. 
 ] "escorted," "accompanied." 
 
 77. pey0os] "in extent," "degree." See 17. *arao-/co'- 
 spies," i. e. at the court of Philip, to report any matters 
 
 of interest relative to him. o-v^da-as] " having feigned or 
 made up." This feigning a vision, which is attested also by 
 Plutarch, seems puerile, to say the least, to us ; but was un- 
 doubtedly a stroke of policy, to give greater weight to the 
 event, and call out from a superstitious people a more enthu- 
 siastic demonstration of feeling on the occasion. It must be 
 looked upon, at the worst, as a sort of pious fraud, invented 
 for the purpose of committing the people, by an enthusias- 
 tic demonstration, more thoroughly against the Macedonian 
 power, and awakening a new spirit of patriotism. /*e0' fjpc- 
 12 
 
134 NOTES. 
 
 pav c7riopK&v] " swearing falsely by, by day." This is said, 
 perhaps, with more special reference to the present case, 
 but also as descriptive of his general character. f^do^v 
 .... Troifjo-ai] The customary period of mourning for the 
 dead was probably thirty days, during which time certain 
 outward signs of grief were assumed, and various sacrifices 
 and ceremonies were performed in their honor. See Bec- 
 ker's Charicles, p. 294. Tra/^i/o'/zei] " committed an out- 
 rage," " violated the laws of propriety," i. e. in the act 
 referred to. For the augment of the verb, see K. 126. 5. 
 
 Tr]v p,6vTjv .... oTroXeVaff] " wretched man, having lost 
 his only daughter, and the first to call him father." This 
 sacrificing private grief to the public interest is an honor, 
 rather than a reproach, to Demosthenes. See Plutarch, Life 
 of Demosthenes. 
 
 78. Kat ov . . . . eerao>] " and I am not charging this 
 impropriety upon him as a mere reproach, but am exhibit- 
 ing his character." He makes it a test of character, and 
 attempts to prove by it much more, with regard to the gen- 
 eral character of his adversary, I apprehend, than intelligent 
 readers will think he succeeds in doing. Indeed, the ex- 
 tremity to which he carries the point, as is the case also 
 with some others, has rather a sinister appearance. It looks 
 as though he was hard pushed for arguments. ovde yc 
 .... OVK] The negative here is repeated by ov/c, as in 
 the other sentences by the negative adverb, perhaps by an 
 unconscious imitation of their structure, or it may be, as 
 Bremi supposes, because the force of ouSe was not felt, on 
 account of the interposition of several words. See 194. 
 
 rpoTrov .... TOTTOV] Paronomasia. The passage reminds 
 one of that line of Horace (Epist. I. 11. 27) : 
 
 "Ccelum, non animum mutant, qui trans mare currunt." 
 
 79. ^A0e] That is, Demosthenes. A^ocr&Wi] Gov- 
 erned by rS)v avr&v. K. 284. 3. (4). (frvyas . ... ye- 
 
NOTES. 135 
 
 " has been arraigned by a summary process" (lit., 
 " has been a defendant by ttVayyeX/a"). See ^ 52. eV/o-r^] 
 "Hoc verbum significat Demosthenem repente et con- 
 tra omnium opinionem accusatoris partes suscepisse." 
 Bremi. ras drvxias] " the misfortunes," i. e. those familiar 
 to all. Referring to the disasters which befell them in the 
 contest with Philip, to which Demosthenes instigated them. 
 
 80. avacTTarovs eVoi^e] See 73, note. 7TpaiTfpa> TOV 
 Kaipov] " more than there was any occasion for," " more 
 than was proper." On the return of the ambassadors from 
 the second embassy, ^Eschines, in his report to the Assembly, 
 according to Demosthenes, had assured the people, that if 
 Philip was allowed to pass Thermopyla?, and make an ex- 
 pedition into Greece, he would chastise their enemies, the 
 Thebans, and, especially, would relieve from their tyranny 
 the Boeotian towns, just the reverse of which happened. 
 See the charge of Demosthenes, F. L., p. 347, and the un- 
 satisfactory reply of JEschines, F. L., pp. 43, 44. CO-KCVO- 
 ycoy^o-are] " Cuncta, qu86 moveri poterant, in ur- 
 bern transvexistis : quod est metuentis, ne hosti repente 
 irrumpenti resisti nullo modo possit." Bremi. eV .... 
 alrlais] " were in the greatest accusations," " lay under the 
 heaviest charges." 
 
 81. virep a>v . . . . fotvcx&jvat] " about which also you 
 suspected they differed." The subject of their difference is 
 not named, as being sufficiently well known. /zera TQJI/, 
 K. r. X.] " in conjunction with," &c. What these innate 
 diseases or vices of his nature were, is explained below, by 
 
 fctXt'aff, &C. 
 
 82. fja-vxia] "peace," "quiet" ("those opposing the 
 peace of the city," i. e. the war party, to which Demos- 
 thenes belonged). iraptav] "coming forward to the bema." 
 Sep/Hop reTx o? > K - r - ^-] These were fortresses on the coast 
 of Thrace, in the vicinity of the Sacred Mountain, so called, 
 and belonged to the kingdom of Kersobleptes, but were 
 
136 NOTES. 
 
 defended by Athenian troops (Philip. III., 15). Philip, 
 availing himself of the opportunity afforded by the delays in 
 negotiating the peace, had taken possession of them. Many 
 of these places, at least, were not so unknown or unimpor- 
 tant as is pretended by ^Eschines. Demosthenes frequently 
 alludes to the taking of these places by Philip, in his extant 
 orations delivered about this time. (See F. L., 156 ; De 
 Cherson., 64; Philip. III., 15.) It is worth observing, 
 however, that in neither place are all the names found 
 which are here given by ^Eschines, who evidently, in rid- 
 icule, throws together a number of obscure names, as a sort 
 of jumble. It is in this light that Demosthenes views them 
 in his reply ( 27). Kai rs TOVTO .... 7rpdyp.aTa] " and 
 speedily brought the affairs to this state." For this usage 
 of $e>o>i>, see K. 312, R. 9. 
 
 83. TroXei .... 6/zo/a] " to some just and impartial 
 city," i. e. as an arbiter. 'AXowrjtrov .... Siafapo^vos] 
 " he (i. e. Philip) gave Halonnesus ; but he dissuaded from 
 receiving it, if he gives it instead of giving it back, differing 
 about syllables." Demosthenes claimed that it was already 
 their own, and could not be accepted as a mere gift (see 
 Orat. de Halon.). The passage reminds one of the terms 
 employed by politicians about the reception of Texas, as to 
 whether it should be annexed or re-annexed. Kat TO, K. r. X.] 
 This expedition seems to have been undertaken about the 
 time of that to Ambracia (B. C. 343). See Thirlwall, chap. 
 45. rrjv 6e a-\}^opav\ " the calamity," i. e. their defeat at 
 Charoneia. 
 
 84. Nat, K. r. X.] He here enters upon the examination 
 of the alliance which Demosthenes entered into with the 
 Euboeans for resisting Philip. That entered into with the 
 Thebans he defers to 137, seq. See the reply of Demos- 
 thenes to the charges which follow, De Coron., 95, seq. 
 
 85. ^IKTJIJLCVOI VTTO Mvr)(rdpxov] " Quas injurias passi sint 
 Athenienses a Mnesarcho et quo tempore, nusquam potui 
 
NOTES. 137 
 
 invenire." Bremi. ^Afyvaiovs .... ypafaiv] " dares pro- 
 pose to become Athenians," i. e. to grant them citizenship 
 at Athens. This was often granted to public benefactors, 
 such as they were (see < 95, 96), and the injuries done 
 the state by their father constituted no reason for refusing 
 to honor his sons. VTTO 0e/iura>i>oy TOV 'Epcr/aieW] " by 
 Themison of Eretria," i. e. having been injured by him. 
 Eretria, as well as Chalcis, was a town in Euboea. Oro- 
 pus, which he took from the city, was an Athenian town 
 opposite Eretria, across the Euripus, the strait or sea which 
 separates Euboea from Attica. For the defence of Demos- 
 thenes, see De Coron., as above. IKOVTCS f7ri\av6av6nvoi\ 
 Agree with the subject of e/So^crare. This expedition to 
 expel the Thebans was a very brilliant affair. It took place, 
 B. C. 358, in the archonship of Cephisodotus. Demos- 
 thenes (De Coron., 99) makes use of this very expedition, 
 among others, in justifying himself in entering into alliance 
 with the Euboeans, notwithstanding the many injuries they 
 had done Athens. 
 
 86. nXovrapx ftor)Q'r]<TovTs\ That is, against his sub- 
 jects, the Eretrians, headed by Clitarchus, and urged on, 
 probably, by Philip. This expedition was conducted by 
 Phocion (B. C. 350). aXX' ofo] "at least," "certainly," 
 i. e. " if nothing else, they at least professed," &c. See 
 11, note. TajiuW] "Tamynce." The place where 
 they conquered the enemy. This being accomplished, the 
 Grecian force seems to have been betrayed by Plutarchus, 
 in concert with Callias, and, in their isolated position, to 
 have narrowly escaped being captured. 
 
 87. HTJ viK.T]<ra<n ftax 7 ? 1 '] " unless they gained a battle." 
 p) is used with the part, because it is equivalent to a con- 
 ditional sentence (K. 318. 5). For the construction, see 
 63. or'.... Sia/3ij3aoras] " and what his brother 
 Taurosthenes, who is now (i. e. since his adoption as an 
 Athenian citizen) saluting and smiling upon all, had col- 
 
 12* 
 
138 NOTES. 
 
 lected, having transported the Phocian mercenaries." The 
 Phocians, at this time (during the Phocian war), were well- 
 trained soldiers. 
 
 89. rJKe (pp6p.fvos .... (pvo-iv] " he went borne on to 
 his own nature," " he returned headlong to his old prac- 
 tices," i. e. of acting in bad faith. For (pcpo^vos^ see 82. 
 r<5 Xoyw .... epyw] " in pretence .... in reality." 
 He professed to be merely forming a congress of deputies 
 from the different towns, but was really, as /Eschines con- 
 tends, devising plans for excluding the Athenian "influence, 
 and establishing himself in power. 
 
 90. Koi TrXeiovs .... EupiTrou] " and having turned more 
 turns than the Euripus," i. e. many sudden turns, the ebbing 
 and flowing of the Euripus being frequent and violent. See 
 Liv. XXVIII. 6. Hence Evpmos avOpairos became a proverb 
 for an inconstant man. See Plat. Phred., 90. C. 'ATropwv 
 6' 6 TI xP^ <raLTO <] " Formula, qua quis significatur 
 summis premi angustiis, nee ullam salutem undecunque 
 sperare posse." Bremi. evopicov Xa/Scii/] " to bind by an 
 oath," i. e. by forming an alliance with them. /ooXvo-erf] 
 " should hinder." Thus the fut. is often used after an his- 
 torical tense. K. 255. 3. 
 
 91. rov 8o\ixo8ponr]<TavTa] " the doXtx* runner," "there- 
 doubtable." The bo\txps was the long course, opposed to 
 the (rrdftiov. See Xen. Anab., IV. 8. 27. e'^oi/elro] That 
 is, of Demosthenes and his party. The numerous and 
 sweeping charges of corruption brought by ^Eschines against 
 Demosthenes, unsustained, as they are, by any adequate 
 proof, excite the suspicion that none of them are true. 
 ovvcBpcvciv] " to sit in the council of the allies," i. e. that 
 the Chalcidians should not be required to be represented at 
 Athens, as the other allies were, but might have a separate 
 congress in their own country. It was all-important, of 
 course, that, in resisting Philip, Athens should have allies, 
 which were to be obtained on such terms as they could be. 
 
NOTES. 139 
 
 92. fjuvoTvpawos] Demosthenes was a stern democrat, 
 and the uncompromising enemy of monarchical and oligar- 
 chical governments. See his oration, " For the Liberty of 
 the Rhodians." dvrl TOVTWV] " as an offset to these things." 
 That is, they were bound by the treaty of alliance to assist 
 the Athenians, as the Athenians were bound to assist them ; 
 but this obligation, he says, on the part of the Chalcidians, 
 was a mere form. 
 
 93. rw Ao'yw 7rpoo-j3t/3ao>z> {yzay] "Blandis et specio- 
 sis verbis ad sententiam suam perducens. In 
 MSS., fere confunditur cum 7rpo/3t/3aV/, quod est impel- 
 lere bona plerumque significatione." Bremi. ras p.ev 
 . . . . evcpyfo-ias] "first to furnish aid to those of the 
 Greeks who always need it, and subsequently alliance, after 
 these favors." 
 
 94. <f| 'Qpeov] Another city of Euboea, which Demos- 
 thenes released from the peculiar duties of allies (repre- 
 sentation at Athens and taxation), that it might join the 
 Euboean congress. Tka6ov t^eAo'/xevoi] " unperceived took 
 away." The object of Demosthenes in promoting a con- 
 federation of the Euboean cities was, to present an effectual 
 barrier to the Macedonian ascendency. 
 
 96. Si' airoppfjTw] " by secret means," " secretly," i. e. 
 that they might not be known to Philip. Opposed to <ai/epa, 
 above. 
 
 97. fjv eVpeV/SevoY] " Demosthenes legationem in Pelo- 
 ponnesum obibat Ol. CIX. 1 (A. C. 343). Fortasse re- 
 diens ex Peloponneso Acarnaniam, regionem in occidental! 
 Helladis parte non inopem, adiit." Bremi. els] "for" 
 (" for furnishing of," &c., " for ten thousand foot-soldiers," 
 &c.). 
 
 98. ras troXiTiKas Swa/xeis] " forces from the cities." Op- 
 posed to o-vvTaypa xp7ftaro>i>, and hence the pet* and Se. Un- 
 doubtedly the hopes of Demosthenes, with regard to assist- 
 ance from other states in the contest with Philip, were much 
 
140 NOTES. 
 
 beyond the reality, but not so extravagant, probably, as is 
 here represented. 
 
 99. TOVTO .... Troiet] " for the man does this on pecu- 
 liar and not on common principles." avQpairos is for 6 av6pa>- 
 TToy. See Dem. de Coron., 139. All that is said on this 
 point, instead of being a reproach, is an honor to Demos- 
 thenes, since all goes to show that he was honest in his ex- 
 pectations of aid, though interpreted differently by ./Eschines. 
 KXeirrav] " deceiving," " cheating." So, also, 35. 
 
 100. paKpoTcpov fj.v TTJS 'iXtadoff] A pretty good hit, as 
 Demosthenes was famous for his long decrees. See De 
 Coron., 181. 'Airayay&v .... eX7ri5<Bi^ "having led 
 you far away from the artifice, and suspended you upon 
 hopes." ajrodev forms a parallelism, and makes the idea 
 more intense. o-vcrrpe^as] " having collected himself," = 
 summis viribus. Used especially of beasts. See Plat. 
 Rep., 336. B. oi/ . . . . thai] "who shall ask the 
 same people to consider themselves as friends and enemies 
 to the Athenians," i. e. to enter into an alliance of such a 
 nature as to imply this ; since they were to be on friendly 
 terms, and yet to pay no tribute, and do them no service, 
 like enemies. 
 
 101. "Efreira . . . . dt&foai] "Deinde prseter cetera 
 omnia aperte in decreto in fraudem scripsit, ut 
 qumque talenta Oritas legati juberent non vobis, 
 sed Callia3 trad ere." Rauchenstein. a<eAdn/] "hav- 
 ing laid aside," "stripped off." fyai] "touch," "seize 
 upon," " detect." See 237. 0c/Xcro] " unconsciously 
 took from you," " practised upon you." 
 
 102. Xo'yo) .... fpya>] See 89, note. 
 
 103. KXeirapxov] He succeeded Plutarchus ( 86) as 
 king of Eretria, having been established in his place by 
 Philip. Demosthenes, in his reply ( 81), refers to the 
 expedition which he despatched, under Phocion, for the ex- 
 pulsion of this tyrant and Philistides, tyrant of Oreus, as 
 
NOTES. 141 
 
 evidence of his proof against corruption, and charges 
 chines with corruption, on the ground of his having en- 
 tertained their ambassadors when they visited Athens. 
 Kara^avrjs eyevcro] " he became evident," i. e. receiving the 
 talent from them. Because, as he goes on to say, after 
 the expulsion of their king they became a democracy, 
 and hence transacted all business by votes, of which one 
 existed, he pretends, upon this subject. The discrepancies 
 between this passage and the corresponding passage in the 
 reply of Demosthenes, especially the fact that Demosthe- 
 nes makes no allusion to this pretended vote of the Oreans, 
 have led to the conjecture, that this passage must have been 
 greatly changed by the orator, after the delivery of the 
 oration, on its publication. This seems very probable. In- 
 deed, the corresponding passage in Demosthenes does not 
 seem at all as though it were framed as a reply to such a 
 passage as this. 
 
 104. on . . . . ftcotro] " that he did not want most 
 worthless brass." What he did want is expressed by the 
 infin. which follows. vTreQearav] " pledged." dpax^v 
 .... p.vas] "a drachma per month for each mina." Ob- 
 s^rve the distributive use of the article. As a drachma was 
 a hundredth part of the mina, this was twelve per cent, per 
 annum. This whole account is so extravagant as to make 
 it not only incredible, but ridiculous. 
 
 106. 'EmriJtf'] " here," " at this point." He passes 
 now to the third period of his public life, that in which 
 they were avowedly at war with Philip, and which ended in 
 the disastrous battle of Chseroneia. See 55. 
 
 107. Kippaiov .... n-eStW] On the Corinthian Gulf, 
 around the ancient city of Cirrha, or Crissa, which, before 
 its destruction on account of its ill treatment of pilgrims to 
 the temple, was the port of Delphi. See Demosthenes's 
 account of the transactions here referred to, De Coron., 
 149, seq. eayio-ro? KOI eVaparos] " devoted and ac- 
 
142 NOTES. 
 
 cursed." Why it was thus styled appears from what fol- 
 lows. pavTciav .... Ben] " sought an oracle at the 
 temple of (irapa) the god." /MereA0eu>] " to pursue." 
 
 108. f] TlvBia] The priestess of Apollo, who presided at 
 the oracle and gave the responses. cnl irdo-rj dfpyia] " to 
 perpetual waste or desolation." TLpovoia\ "goddess of 
 forethought." In this character she was worshipped at 
 Delphi, in conjunction with the other divinities here named. 
 
 109. ?x<B<rai/] "filled up." avrol] "themselves," i.e. 
 the Amphlctyons. It is in the nom. by attraction, to agree 
 with the subject of the preceding verb. K. 307. 4. 
 
 110. apav] "imprecation." evayrjs] "accursed of." 
 This takes the gen. from the idea of separation which it 
 contains. 
 
 111. eVeuxerai] "Scilicet: f) a/>a, quod subjectum est 
 etiam ad antecedens interjectum $170-1'." Bremi. repara] 
 " monsters." dyop&v] " Id est, KK\rja-iS>v^ Homerico lo- 
 quendi usu. Cf. Schoemann de com., p. 28." Bremi. 
 fj.rj8e .... lepd] " nor even would they (i. e. the gods 
 referred to) receive at their hands the sacrifices." The 
 dat. here seems to be causal in its character (" out of 
 regard to them," "on their account"). In repeating the, 
 phrase ( 121) he uses the gen. of the person. 
 
 1 12. Ov 7r/>ii>, K. r. A.] " Omnino factum videtur mihi 
 saspius, ut in locis, ubi deessent scita, leges aliasne litterse 
 public, sic unde nota essent, aut ex ipsa oratione suppleri 
 possent, a doctis lectoribus insererentur. Pro tali habuerim 
 etiam fragmentum oraculi apud ^Eschinem in Ctesiph., p. 
 503. R." F. A. Wolf. 
 
 113. TrvXayo'pcov] " pylagora3." One class of deputies to 
 the Amphictyonic Council. See Dem. de Coron., 148, 
 note. 
 
 114. e'</>' wre] " upon condition that." The agreement 
 with him, that he should be feed yearly, was made upon 
 condition that he should defend them, &c. o6ev\ That 
 
NOTES. 143 
 
 is, from receiving of this money thus sacrilegiously ob- 
 tained. This, he says, made him more ill-starred than 
 before, so that he involved in ill fortune whatever he 
 touched. See the most masterly comparison of their for- 
 tunes which Demosthenes goes into, in reply to this taunt, 
 De Coron., 256 -266. 
 
 115. 'ETTI yap .... apxovros] That IS, B. C. 340. 
 ipop.vr)ij,ovos] For the character and duties of this class of 
 deputies to the Amphictyonic Council, see Dem. de Coron., 
 148, 149, note. 'A^Xvo-n'ov] " Anaphlistian." It 
 denotes the deme or borough to which he belonged. 
 MetSi'a*/] A violent enemy of Demosthenes, before referred 
 to. See 52. TrvptTrciv] " to fall sick of a fever." 
 
 116. vTTOTrcTTTcoKOTes] "having devoted themselves to." 
 clo-efapov fio'y/xa, K. r. A.] Demosthenes (De Coron., 
 150) denies this, since such a measure could not have 
 been proposed without a special summons having been 
 served upon the Athenians, to appear and defend themselves 
 against the charge. The crime for which they were to be 
 fined, according to ^Eschines, was for dedicating certain 
 shields, in an unfinished chapel at Delphi, with an inscription 
 Commemorating their ancient victory over the Persians and 
 Thebans, which, of course, was offensive to the Thebans. 
 Demosthenes says this whole account of his being provoked 
 to attack the Amphisseans is false, and that he was em- 
 ployed to do it by Philip, for the purpose of getting up an 
 Amphictyonic war, which would give him an opportunity 
 of introducing his army into Greece. See Dem. de Coron., 
 140150. KOI avrov OVTCO Trporjprjpevov] "even myself 
 having thus determined to do," i. e. if he had not been ex- 
 cited, as he afterwards relates, and provoked to a direct 
 attack upon the Amphisseans. 
 
 117. TrpoQvpoTcpov] " more zealously," i. e. than was com- 
 mon. juetffo-TTjKoro)*'] "having taken sides with me." 
 
 " at the beginning." 
 
144 NOTES. 
 
 118. K/xo/SuXo?] A nickname of Hegesippus, which he 
 received from wearing his hair in a knot or roll on the 
 top of his head, called Kp&fivXos. He was on the same 
 side, in politics, with Demosthenes. The alliance with the 
 Phocians was generally unpopular in Greece, on account of 
 their sacrilegious character. eirfj\6c .... yvw^v] " it 
 occurred to me then in my thoughts," = venit mihi in men- 
 tern. avroGev] That is, "from their place of victory," 
 "on the spot." CO-TTJKVS] "having taken my stand," i. e. 
 " fearlessly." 
 
 119. re'Xr; TTfrrpaxoras] " having received revenues," 
 " having exacted toll." The part, is from irpdrra). 
 
 120. diapi&wv] " I set forth," " declared." a<ocna>] 
 " dvrl TOV a7roKa0aip&>, a<ayj/ia>." Harpocration. That 
 is, " keep pure," " clear." 'Ei/^p/mu ^v TO. Kava] " the 
 sacred rites have begun." That is, suppose them to have 
 commenced. The Kava were baskets used for carrying the 
 sacred barley-cakes (ovXat) in at the sacrifices. 
 
 121. irapevTcs] "having passed by," "left." Kara re 
 .... KUI KOTO] As re is an enclitic, it follows the preposi- 
 tion, while KCU stands before its word. ^o-i] Understand 
 fl dpd. See 111. 
 
 122. fjiCTeo-TTjv fK TOV cTweSptov] " Videtur moris fuisse, 
 ut qui fecerat ipse rogationem discederet, ut liberum esset 
 reliquorum consilium." Bremi. Trappa 7-779 rjpcpay ova-rjs\ 
 "the day being far spent." 00-01 eVl Sterey fjp&o-i] "as 
 many as have been youths for two years." That is, as 
 many as were eighteen years old, having passed the two 
 years of youth, and arrived at their majority. Athenian 
 youths became men at eighteen, but were not liable to 
 serve out of Attica till they were twenty. Herm., Polit. 
 Antiq., 123. TJTIS ' .... Ifpov] "and whatever city 
 (i. e. of those belonging to the league) shall not be present, 
 shall be excluded from the temples." For the fut. mid. 
 (eiperai) in a pass, sense, see K. 252, R. 1. 
 
NOTES. 145 
 
 124. dXXa Kal .... 0e<5] That is, the private individ- 
 uals from the different states embraced in the Amphictyonic 
 League, who attended the session of the Council for the 
 purpose of participating in the religious rites connected with 
 it. See Dem. de Coron., 154, note. rrjs eirtova^s TTV- 
 \aias] As it was the spring session that was just closing, 
 the next regular one was in the autumn ; but they were 
 to meet at a special session at an appointed time 
 
 125. v<fi rjn&v] "by us," meaning himself and col- 
 leagues, as he is here speaking of their laying the decree 
 before the Senate and people on their return. /ueo-eyyi^jua- 
 TOS] See 114. fK TOV <pavepov] "in an open or direct 
 way." /zerao-TT/o-ajuei/o? rovs ita>ras] " having sent out the 
 private persons." The Senate was often thronged by the 
 common citizens. See Dem. de F. L., 18. Trpoo-Xa/Swi/] 
 " having taken advantage of." 
 
 126. SirrrpdgaTo Hnft^g^ir&JKft] " he caused to be con- 
 firmed by a vote." rfBrj cVarao-rao-?;?, K. r. X.] That is, 
 just at the close of the session, and after most had gone 
 out. TOVS aet irvXayopovvras] " those acting as deputies in 
 each case." The effect of this decree was, to prevent dep- 
 uties being sent to the special session to be called. 
 
 127. pcTexciv] For the dat. and gen. after this verb, see 
 K. 273. 3, b, and 284. 3. 1. To Se . . . . eW*;] " But 
 not to participate, what is it ? " The question is answered, 
 after the parenthesis, by OVK ea, AC. r. X. OVTGXTI] " Hoc 
 vocabulum ssspe ex contextu definitur imprimis in malam 
 partem. Hie significat ovro> ACOKWJ." Bremi. 
 
 128. P.LO.S TToXecos] That is, Thebes, which had since 
 (B. C. 335) been destroyed by Alexander. QVT &v . . . . 
 /UT)#'] Observe the change from oure to fjre, in passing 
 from the expression of a simple negative to the expression 
 of a negative wish ("I neither would .... and would to 
 God there may not be"). KO'TTV$OI/ TOV $ap<rd\iov] For 
 
 13 
 
146 NOTES. 
 
 the probable reason of his being called an Arcadian in Dem. 
 de Coron., 155, see Appendix to that Oration, p. 247. 
 paicpav] Used as an adverb, 'but properly an adjective, 
 referring originally to 68w, or some other feminine noun, 
 understood. avrUa p.d\a\ paXa is often found thus after 
 avTiKa, (and sometimes before it,) in the sense of " very," to 
 strengthen its meaning. See Dem. de F. L., 39, 42. 
 
 129. TO> 0eo> /taratfeti/ai] " to pay to the god," i. e. to pay 
 into the treasury of the temple of Apollo at Delphi. rovs 
 fie .... Karfyayov] " but those having fled for conscience' 
 sake, they restored," i. e. those who were opposed to the sac- 
 rilegious proceedings referred to, and who had left the coun- 
 try to avoid participating in them. These they restored to 
 their country, while they banished (/zereo-r^o-ai/ro) the offend- 
 ers. KareXfoVra?] "having returned," "having been re- 
 stored." TroXXo) xp vc p forty**] " Oratio hyperbolica eo 
 oratoris consilio nata, ut ne ipse videtur Philippum in 
 Greciam vocare voluisse. Hinc rem ita exponit, quasi altera 
 in Amphissenses expeditio longo tempore post primam, cui 
 interfuit ^Eschines, locum habuerit. Sed utraque fere con- 
 juncta censenda, aut una nonnisi, ut patet ex iis, qua3 habet 
 Weiske de Hyperb., P. III. p. 23." Bremi. 
 
 130. P.OVOV ye OVK] " only not indeed," = almost. //uX- 
 Xov] " rather," " more," i. e. than Athens on the occasion 
 referred to. 17 T&V /IVO-TWI/ reXetm;] " the death of the 
 initiated." That is, as the Scholiast says, the devouring of 
 some of the novitiates by a sea-monster, as they descended 
 into the sea to perform the purificatory ablutions. <tXt7r- 
 irifav .... <aa-KOH/] " saying that the Pythia Philippizes," 
 i. e. was in the pay and under the influence of Philip, and 
 hence, that they could not obtain an impartial response if 
 they sent to consult the oracle. aTraiSevros .... cgavo-ias] 
 " being rude (i. e. as it regards religious cultivation), and 
 enjoying and being glutted with the power granted him by 
 you." Even ^Eschines thus bears testimony to the great 
 public influence of Demosthenes. 
 
NOTES. 147 
 
 131. a&vTtov KOL aKd\\iepr)T(6i>] " inauspicious and ill- 
 omened." The words are nearly synonymous, and used 
 for oratorical effect. The reference is to the preliminary 
 rites before the unfortunate battle of Chseroneia, to which, 
 he says, Demosthenes sent out the army against the omens 
 derived from the sacrifices. Trpwrjv] " lately," i. e. in some 
 of their " sparring," probably some time after the battle of 
 Chseroneia, and before this trial. Various reasons have 
 been given for the course of Philip in not entering and 
 ravaging Attica after the battle of Chseroneia ; but it 
 was not, probably, dictated wholly by magnanimity. See 
 Thirlwall, Chap. 46. aXn-^e] " guilty destroyer." The 
 dXirrjpios of a nation was a sort of Achan, who called 
 down the divine vengeance by his wickedness and impiety. 
 See how Demosthenes turns the charge upon ./Eschines, De 
 Coron., 159. 
 
 132. e$' f]pS>v] " in our age." Literally, " upon us," 
 while we say" under one." aXX' .... e</>v/*ei>] "but we 
 live for a marvel to those who shall come after us." That 
 is, on account of the strange things which had taken place 
 in their day, through the bad management and evil genius 
 of Demosthenes. 6 TOV *A0a)v, K. r. X.] Xerxes, in his in- 
 vasion of Greece, is said to have made a bridge across the 
 Hellespont, and to have cut a canal through Mount Athos. 
 These feats are often referred to as marvels by Greek 
 authors. (See Isoc. Panegyr., 89.) A king once so mighty 
 and so haughty, he goes on to say, had in their day (i. e, 
 by Alexander, then on his Eastern expedition) been reduced 
 to the utmost extremity. TOVS avrovs] That is, the Mace- 
 donians. 
 
 133. 7Tp\ rcov oXoov OVK op6)S /SovXevo-a/Lteixn] " TO. oXa 
 Grsecis ssepe sunt res summse, gravissimse, quse spectant 
 reipublicse salutem et felicitatem. Sententia nostri loci est: 
 quanquam parum Grsecise saluti consulerent. 
 Post Leuctricam pugnam nimium sibi arrogarunt Thebani." 
 
148 NOTES. 
 
 Bremi. aXXa] " yet." Stands opposed to el KCI\ (" if also 
 justly .... yet at least receiving their judicial blindness 
 and folly, not from men, but from the gods"). -rrpoo-a^d- 
 pcvoi .... KaToXrj-^-iv] " only meddling with these affairs 
 at first in taking the temple." The Lacedaemonians, having 
 been fined by the Amphictyons for occupying the Cadmea of 
 Thebes, had assisted the Phocians, at first, in seizing the 
 temple, but had taken no active part in the war which 
 ensued upon that event. v\>v .... dj>anen7r<T0ai] " now 
 about to become hostages, and give an example of the 
 calamity, are on the point of being sent to (o>y) Alexander," 
 i. e. in consequence of having made an unsuccessful attempt 
 to resist the Macedonian power during the absence of Alex- 
 ander in the East (B. C. 331). This allusion proves that the 
 time of the delivery of this oration must have been as late 
 as the time usually assigned to it (B. C. 330). 
 
 135. aKTjvpa] " suffered from." Strictly, " to receive," 
 whether good or ill. The imperf. has the aorist meaning. 
 drdcrOaXa p/rtaarai] " devises arrogant things." See the 
 same passage referred to by ^Eschines, F. L., p. 49, where 
 pfxavaarai is used in the place of /x^rtaarat. The calamities 
 sent upon a people cursed with such a man are described 
 in the lines that follow, which, he says, laying aside the 
 metre, are an accurate description of what had happen- 
 ed under the conduct of Demosthenes. Thus ends this 
 long story (see Dem. de Coron., 140) about the Am- 
 phisseans. 
 
 137. 4>pw&>i/8ay ovre EvpvftaTos] These were shameless 
 traitors and deceivers, such as magicians and jugglers 
 (pdyos KOI 70775) usually are. For Eurybatus, or, as some 
 would have it, Eurybates, see Dem. de Coron., 24. 
 wff apa] "that forsooth." Observe the disbelief and con- 
 tempt implied in these words, and see 54. He here 
 enters upon an examination of the character of the alliance 
 which Demosthenes formed with Thebes, and on which he 
 
NOTES. 149 
 
 prided himself so much, and which, therefore, might be 
 considered as a redeeming feature in his public career. 
 But even here he allows him no merit. He referred to this 
 alliance, as a point to be examined in connection with that 
 formed with the Eubosans ( 84), but, to preserve chrono- 
 logical order, examined that first, and now, having brought 
 down the history of affairs to the time the alliance with 
 Thebes was formed, i. e. till just before the battle of Chse- 
 roneia, when Philip had already taken Elateia, proceeds to 
 examine this. Demosthenes replies to what is said on this 
 point, De Coron., 238, seq. 
 
 139. To 3' CUTIOV olda fjiev] The cause consisted partly 
 in the rivalry of the neighbouring states, and partly in the 
 unpatriotic course of the Thebans in joining the Persians in 
 the first Persian war. As Thebes had been overthrown 
 by Alexander, he says he will not rake up these grounds 
 of their differences, nil de mortuis nisi lonum. 
 
 140. NiWai/] " Hanc urbern in bello Phocensi Thes- 
 saliis a Phocensibus ereptam Philippus illis restituit, ut eos 
 sibi devinciret. Cf. Demosthenis Philip. II., p. 71." Bremi. 
 But ^Eschines here says he took it from the Thebans, i. e. 
 they had confidently expected to receive it. rbv avrbv 
 7r6\fjiov~\ That is, the Phocian war, I suppose, referring, 
 perhaps, to his having first carried it on in Thessaly, and 
 afterwards in Phocis. 'EAaretcu>] This was the principal 
 city of Phocis, on the borders of Boeotia, and commanding 
 the defiles which led to Boeotia and Attica. Trp\v .... 
 Arjfjioa-Qevrjv'] This, if taken literally, is a downright false- 
 hood. But it would seem from what follows, that it should 
 be taken in a limited sense, as expressing what virtually 
 happened, though not actually. He says the necessity of 
 the case virtually brought the two cities together, and not 
 the negotiations of Demosthenes, though he, by the form 
 and direction which he gave to the alliance, did infinite 
 mischief. See a full account of the negotiations of De- 
 
 13* 
 
150 NOTES. 
 
 mosthenes for bringing about the alliance, in his reply, 
 ^ 179-187,211-214. 
 
 141. c*s avra .... SedfaaKf] Referring to the severity 
 with which Philip treated Thebes after the battle of Cha> 
 roneia, and the lenity with which he treated Athens. This, 
 he says, proves that he was more hostile to Thebes than 
 Athens. Possibly so, but see 131, note. ravra] That 
 is, the true feelings of Philip towards Athens and Thebes 
 respectively. 
 
 142. 7TpS>Tov pfv] As the first objection which he makes 
 to the alliance resolves itself into two parts, after having 
 stated the general character of the objection, he here com- 
 mences to state more particularly the first point, and at 
 dfvrcpov 6e ( 143) introduces the second point. For a sim- 
 ilar use of TTp&rov and Sevrepoy, in expressing the subdivisions 
 under the first general division of a subject, see Dem. de 
 Cherson., 39-43. eVi ria-t] " upon what conditions." 
 ayanav] " to be satisfied." rovro Se 7T/>oAa<ai/] "but 
 having secured this point," i. e. that no special conditions 
 should be insisted upon. Botomcu/ airavav] Thebes was 
 but the capital of Boeotia, to which the other cities and 
 towns owed a sort of allegiance, but otherwise were in- 
 dependent. It was a fundamental principle in the Athenian 
 policy to keep these towns' independent of Thebes ; but by 
 the arrangement entered into with Thebes on the present 
 occasion, Demosthenes, in the view of jEschines, so far 
 departed from that policy, as to put them in the power of 
 Thebes. rots oi/o/xao-i .... rrpay/zara] Referring to his 
 denominating the Thebans by the general name of Boeotians. 
 But this was not a mere trick on the part of Demosthenes ; 
 his object was to form an alliance with the Boeotians as a 
 nation, and not simply with Thebes. a>s rovs Boiwrovy, *. 
 r. A.] This gives the supposed reason why Demosthenes 
 employed such terms in speaking of the Thebans, namely, 
 " that the Bosotians would be pleased by such a combina- 
 
NOTES. 151 
 
 tion of terms in designating the Thebans, as excluded any 
 express naming of their hated oppressors." For o>s with 
 the ace. absolute of participles, see K. 312. 6, c. 
 
 143. ols . . . . KLvdwoi] As Philip was at Elateia, the 
 Athenians, of course, were farther from danger than the 
 Thebans. fjyepoviav] See 58, note. apfyv <f>epa>v~\ 
 " wholly bearing," = " at one sweep." SxparoxXea] No 
 Athenian general of this name is mentioned as acting in this 
 war. The leaders were Chares and Lysicles. 
 
 144. Tpoi 6e TrapaXeiTrovo-tv] " while (Se) others pass them 
 by." These were common charges against Demosthenes, 
 he says, but they had become so accustomed to hear charges 
 against him, that they had no effect upon them. They were 
 not then, most probably, convinced of their truth. 
 
 145. ap8rjv .... tx^eAo/zevos] " wholly unconsciously 
 removed." As Thebes was nearer the seat of war, it must 
 have been more convenient to conduct the military counsels 
 there than at Athens. Besides, there was a shrewd policy, 
 as Demosthenes remarks (De Coron., 195), in keeping 
 the whole war out of Attica by a union with Thebes. 
 
 146. diadiKacriav .... o-Tparriyeiov] " he said that he 
 would institute a trial of merit for the rostrum against the 
 prsetorium." The diaSiKao-ia was a suit to decide the su- 
 periority of claim to certain property or rights between two 
 or more litigants, as in the case of heirs, etc. Mio-Qucpopfov 
 .... x^P ais ] " but drawing the pay for blank places in 
 the mercenary force," i. e. the force sent out to Amphissa 
 to oppose Philip, just before the battle of Chseroneia. The 
 charge is, that he, having got the complete control of this 
 affair, drew for the pay for a certain number of soldiers, 
 and as the ranks were not all full, took that himself which 
 was intended for the absentees, just as the more rapacious 
 military leaders were wont to do. irpoa-^i^ .... Tro'Xet] 
 " the mercenary troops having been taken (i. e. in Am- 
 phissa), he hurried on the danger to the city." For this 
 use of (pepav, see 82. 
 
152 NOTES. 
 
 147. ai/] Belongs to euacr0ai, but is placed after yap as 
 the word which turns the sense of the sentence. K. 261. 2. 
 X^pis] " separately." el p? 8inrjv dedaxcv] That is, he 
 is not satisfied with merely escaping punishment. 01-8' 
 iKai/oi>, AC. r. X.] Referring to the proposition to proclaim his 
 crown, not in the Assembly, but in the theatre, at the great 
 Dionysiac festival. See 33, note. 
 
 148. ort . . . . dtayowetrat] " that he should stake all 
 the advantages he has acquired (T>V wap^oWcoj/ dyaB&v) in a 
 small part of a day," i. e. in the battle which must be fought 
 with the Athenians and Thebans. 
 
 149. TOVTO Krjpvypd TL] " this, as it were a command." 
 Krjpvyfjid n belong to the predicate. 
 
 150. Qeidias .... Aq/MxrlcVet] " Phidias made for De- 
 mosthenes to make gain and swear by." If Demosthenes 
 conducted as here described, he was more of a foot than a 
 knave. The evident exaggeration of many parts of the 
 oration injures its effect very much. KAfo$&>i/ros] " Tur- 
 bulentus erat demagogus et similis Hyperbole et Cleoni, 
 quibuscum ssepe jungitur." Bremi. nXXa KOI .... flprj- 
 vrjs] " but even turned back again (i. e. towards home) your 
 soldiers who had come out, in order that you may consult 
 concerning the peace." The subj. after Iva is used instead 
 of the opt., on account of the vividness of the conception 
 of the speaker. K. 330, R. 1. 
 
 151. KOI ypd\l/fiv .... *iXt7T7roi/] " and said that he 
 would propose (i. e. if he should be compelled to return to 
 Athens to deliberate upon these matters) a decree (the man 
 who never looked the enemy in the face) for you to send 
 ambassadors to Thebes to demand of the Thebans a passage 
 through their country against Philip." ws d\r)6S>s] " in 
 very deed." o>s qualifies the adverb, as it often does the 
 superlative. K. 343, R. 2. 
 
 152. dvdp&v TWV dyaQ&v] That is, those who fell at Chse- 
 roneia, and upon whom Demosthenes was employed to pro- 
 
NOTES. 153 
 
 nounce a funeral oration. Demosthenes (De Coron., 285) 
 justly prides himself upon this appointment, as showing the 
 confidence of the people in him. rols dpcwreVaiy .... 
 rati/] Referring to his deserting his post in the battle. 
 See 159, note. <nrov8aia] " serious duties." eVt^etp^- 
 o-eiv f6f\r)a-is] The idea of futurity is made more prominent 
 by the use of the fut. infin. instead of the pres. or aor. K. 
 257, R. 2. 
 
 153. rr]v didvoiav] " in thought," " imagination." Ace. 
 of nearer definition. K. 279. 7. vopia-aQ* 6pdv] " imag- 
 ine that you see." He here gives, with his peculiar color- 
 ing, the scene which would be presented at the crowning of 
 Demosthenes, should they sustain the proposition of Ctesi- 
 phon. 777 rfjs TTo'Xeeos dyvco/jLoo-vvrj] " the perverse folly of 
 the city," i. e. in honoring the man who had been the cause 
 of the death of their friends. 
 
 154. rovs 6p<pavovs] By a law of Solon, the sons of those 
 who had fallen in war were brought up at the public ex- 
 pense. irpocfyiav] That is, the seat of honor in the 
 theatre. 
 
 155. Tra/aao-rqo-a/zei/oy] "having placed before you." Agrees 
 with Krjpvg, understood. dXX* ov] " yet not." For dXXa in 
 this sense, see 1^3. dXXa rdvavrta .... (frBeyyeo-Qai] 
 " but the opposite of the words of the crier will seem to be 
 spoken," i. e. as is described in what follows. 
 
 156. /zj) . . . . avT&v] " do not triumph over yourselves," 
 " do not proclaim your own shame." napavolas] " of mad- 
 ness," " folly." This, together with rbv 8^/iov, is governed 
 by alpciv, in the sense " to convict." K. 274. 2. 
 
 157. rais ye Siavoiais] " in imagination." This descrip- 
 tion of the fate of Thebes has been much admired. De- 
 mosthenes (De Coron., 41) derides his pathos, as being 
 feigned, since he profited by their fall. 
 
 158. avToo-xfSidr)~\ " may practise upon," " make experi- 
 ments upon," " endanger." See the reply of Demosthenes 
 
154 NOTES. 
 
 to the foregoing remarks of his adversary, and others of the 
 same kind, as to his evil fortune, De Coron., 252, seq. 
 
 159. rrjv eK rfjs Tj-oXecoff] " his post in the city." Literally, 
 "from the city." But this is by attraction through the in- 
 influence of eXiTrei/, just as in the previous sentence ; or 
 perhaps e\urcv should be taken in a pregnant sense (" he 
 left his post ly going from the city"). The manner in 
 which, and the purpose for which, he left the city, are 
 named in what follows, i. e. he left in a vessel to collect 
 the taxes from the tributaries of Athens. It does not appear 
 that Demosthenes deserted his place in the battle in any 
 other sense than all that survived did. " He was certainly 
 reproached with cowardice, because he escaped in the gen- 
 eral flight, only by those who wished that he had been left on 
 the field." Thirlwall, Chap. 46. rrjs aTrpoo-fio^rov a-atrr^plas] 
 
 Referring to the leniency of Philip towards the city. See 
 31, note. 7riypd<f)iv] Plutarch relates, that, distrusting 
 his fortune, he for some time presented his decrees in the 
 name of his friends, of whom Nausicles was one. 
 
 160. 'E7r8$ .... */XMTJW] That is, B. C. 336. 
 TfpaTfvopfvos] " dea'ing in the marve lous." This is in- 
 tended to describe a prominent trait in the character of 
 Demosthenes, often alluded to by jEschines ( 77, 99, 
 142), and which he represents as a species of solemn im- 
 posture, but which should be regarded as the result of 
 a strong religious, combined with a strong patriotic ten- 
 dency. Demosthenes evidently possessed something of 
 those austere, and often mysterious views, which some- 
 times laid him open to the charge of humbuggery. When 
 the good of his country seemed to be at stake, the end, un- 
 doubtedly, often seemed to him to sanctify the means. In 
 this way we may account for his pretending to have been 
 informed by a vision of the death of Philip ( 77), as well 
 as the act here ascribed to him, and many others calculated 
 to awaken the patriotism of his countrymen. Witness, too, 
 
NOTES. 155 
 
 the frequent invocation of the gods in his orations, his solemn 
 array of the ancient heroes, and the patriotic raptures in 
 which he often indulges. Ifpa .... Hava-avLov] " he 
 caused to be erected sacred symbols (a statue) of Pausa- 
 nias." That is, of the murderer of Philip. els alrlav .... 
 Kareo-TTjo-fv] " while he involved the Senate in a charge of 
 sacrificing thank-offerings for the good news," i. e. of the 
 death of Philip. Mapy/r^i/] That is, a mock hero, who 
 figures in a pseudo-Homeric fragment. Alexander, too, it 
 should be recollected, was a great admirer of the Homeric 
 heroes, and especially of Achilles, upon whose character he 
 modelled himself. There may be some allusion to this fact 
 in the appellation under consideration. ra o-TrXdy^i/a $v- 
 Aarroz/ra] " inspecting the entrails of victims," i. e. in order 
 to see if it would be safe to move from home, like a timid 
 and superstitious person. OVK ei/cao>i/] " not conjecturing." 
 on . . . . aw'a] " that valor is purchasable by blood," 
 i. e. by incurring danger fearlessly, ai/zaros is gen. of price. 
 In the next clause, which refers to Demosthenes, Bremi 
 takes alfj.a in the sense of robur, " vigor," "manliness." 
 
 161. ToC i/ecm'o-Kov] Alexander, who at this time was 
 twenty-one years of age. Trpeo-ftevTrjg .... vTroo-Tptyasl 
 Plutarch alludes to this embassy to Alexander after the 
 destruction of Thebes, and to the circumstance of Demos- 
 thenes returning from dread of the anger of the king, after 
 he had proceeded as far as Mount Cithairon. And it would 
 have been utter presumption for him to have thus placed 
 himself in his power. ovr eV . . . . Trapf'xw] See how 
 Demosthenes turns this charge upon ^Eschines, De Coron., 
 180, 196-198. fcivtrarov] That is, "to name what 
 is most shocking." A preparatory ace. in apposition with 
 what follows. Jelf 's K. 580, R. 2 ; also Dem. Pop. Orat., 
 II. ^ 1. ov TTpov&oTf] " you did not give him up," i. e. to 
 his enemies. Referring, perhaps, to the demand which 
 Alexander made for him and other Attic orators to be given 
 
156 NOTES. 
 
 up to him. ev ra; . . . . crvvcdpico] That is, the Amphic- 
 tyonic Council, undoubtedly. See Dem. de Coron., 322. 
 
 162. -rrdpaXoi] That is, " ambassadors conveyed in a 
 TrapaXoff, or sacred galley." et ns apa] "if perchance," 
 = si quis forte. crcpav .... ycvofjkcvos] " being distin- 
 guished above others in his appearance." For the com- 
 bination ftiacfrep&v yei/o/zevoy, see 10. rbv A\fav$pov vno- 
 rpexfi] " insinuates himself with Alexander." And thus, 
 as ^Eschines would have us believe, served as a go-between 
 from Demosthenes to Alexander, by whom they carried on 
 a secret correspondence and came to a secret understand- 
 ing. But such hearsay is unworthy to be produced before 
 a court in a serious cause. 
 
 163. Kaipol KaXXio-roi] That is, of showing his hostility 
 to Alexander. KatfeorT/Kcbs] " having been established," 
 i. e. on his throne. eW] Referring to the king of Per- 
 sia. TO> o-avTov rpoTrw] " your own habit," i. e. of coward- 
 ice. prjTopiKTjv detX/ap] " rhetorical cowardice," i. e. real 
 cowardice rising into indignation in the flow of rhetoric. 
 
 164. 6 8' 'AXe'ai/fy)off, K. T. X.] Referring to the battle of 
 Issus. a-vfjLTrarrjdrja-fcrdat .... JWov] " to be trampled 
 under foot by the Persian mare." The infin. depends upon 
 77/zeXXf v. OVK f'xoo/m] " could not away with." ay .... 
 irfpiyfts] " which having suspended from your fingers, you 
 went around with," i. e. holding them in an ostentatious way 
 in his hand. The letters were represented as being from 
 persons near Alexander, and who were acquainted with the 
 facts in the case. KOI xputroKepwj/ .... <ao7c<oi>] " stigma- 
 tizing me as a golden-horned victim, and saying that I have 
 been crowned for the sacrifice." Referring to the ambigu- 
 ous oracle which the Pythia gave out to Alexander before 
 he set out on his expedition to the East : "Eo-reTmu pcv 6 
 rav/aoy, e^ 6 * T *^ etmv 6 BiHratvf 3 As jEschines was the 
 active leader of the Macedonian party at Athens, Demos- 
 thenes very naturally expressed his exultation over him, in 
 
NOTES. 157 
 
 the present critical state of the affairs of Alexander. e's- 
 nva Kaipbv di/f/3aXXov KaXXtco] " Oratores Attici medium 
 dvafiaXXeo-Qai usurpant ad indicandam cunctationem ac pro- 
 crastinationem rerum earn, quae fit desidia et languore, ac- 
 tivum autem am/3aXXew> ratione hominum, quos de industria 
 retinemus, aut vero malitiose retardamus, dein etiam ra- 
 tione rerum, quarum eventum consilio malo reprimimus. 
 Nostro loco est ex ignavia rem rejicere." Bremi. 
 
 165. ActKeSeu/Lioj/ioi .... paxTl] " tne Lacedaemonians 
 and the mercenary force fought a successful battle." This 
 seems to have been at the commencement of their revolt 
 against the Macedonians, which ended in their defeat, the 
 year previous to the delivery of this oration. See 133. 
 The mercenary force spoken of was, most probably, a force 
 sent into the Peloponnesus by Darius, to act in conjunction 
 with the Lacedaemonians in overturning the Macedonian 
 power there. oXiyov deiv] " almost." Literally, " so as 
 to want little." K. 341, R. 3. 
 
 166. ra i/eupa] " ra vevpa TWV Trpay/iarcoz/ SUnt ^p^juara KOI 
 a~vjjLfJMXOi.^ Bremi. 0op/xoppa(jf>ov/ze$a .... 8i'pov<7i] " we 
 are sewed (or, perhaps, squeezed) up into the straits, some 
 first thread us as needles." The figures seem to refer to 
 the manner in which they were pressed and vexed on all sides 
 by domestic enemies. Demosthenes unquestionably used 
 very strong language on some occasions, but it is hardly 
 supposable that he often made use of so harsh and incon- 
 gruous figures as are here ascribed to him. It is no wonder 
 that ^Eschines complains of the insufferable harshness of 
 such language. See the retort of Demosthenes to these and 
 the like strictures upon his language, 127. 
 
 167. KivaBos] " monster." 6/ioXoy .... dcfyia-ravm] 
 "I acknowledge that I united the Lacedaemonian powers, 
 I acknowledge that I instigated the Thessalians and Per- 
 rhaebans to revolt," i. e. from Macedonia. py] Under- 
 stand etTTw with this (" Let me not say to a city, but even "). 
 
 14 
 
158 NOTES. 
 
 K. 321. 3, a. a-avrov .... fTriypdifseis] "will inscribe 
 yourself upon that which has taken place," i. e. claim the 
 honor of it. 
 
 168. drjfjLOTiKos f(mv~\ " he is a man of democratic char- 
 acter and principles." fv^^Lav] " plausibleness." nolov 
 nvd\ " of what distinctive character." For this meaning 
 of rii/a, see K. 303. 4. <aCAoi/| Opposed to a&cppovi 
 (" virtuous," " temperate," " good ") in the description of 
 
 drjfJLOTlKOS. 
 
 169. IXevQepov] " free-born." fvepyeoriav] " good-will." 
 porjd&v .... drvxripavi] "avenging (lit., coming to the 
 aid of) the injuries of their ancestors." 
 
 170. Mairav] " mode of life," " style of living." dveX- 
 yeiav] " wanton excess," "profusion." euyi/oyioi/a] "fair- 
 minded," " sound-minded." Referring to that freedom 
 from prejudice and general soundness of views which are 
 essential to success as a statesman. Sidvotav] " thought," 
 " mind." napa] " during," " in the midst of." See Dem. 
 Pop. Orat., II. ^ 22. eVi -n-aa-i St/ca/oi?] " upon condition of 
 entire justice." See the same phrase, Dem. Pop. Orat., 
 V11I. ^ 10. The above characteristics of a S^/iort/cos are 
 evidently drawn to meet the case of Demosthenes, and hence 
 are arbitrary. It is in this light that Demosthenes treats 
 them in his reply ( 122), setting them aside by a single 
 pertinent illustration. 
 
 171. TuXcoi/ rjv CK K(pap.co)v] " Gylon (i. e. the maternal 
 grandfather of Demosthenes) was of Kerameis," an Attic 
 deme of that name. TO XOO/H'OI/ TOVTO] That is, the Tauric 
 Cherronesus, where NymphaBum was situated. rrjv upto-iv 
 ovx vnofiivai\ And hence he could never return to his coun- 
 try. TOVS vvop.a<rp.vovs KrjTrovs] " Urbs erat haud exigua, ab 
 hortis amosnis appellata, Milesiorum colonia." Bremi. 
 
 172. e7ri(pponevr)v] " 'ETrxpepeo-Qai de uxore dotem fe- 
 rente habuimus in Lysia3 pro bonis Aristophan., 14." 
 Bremi. o-ww/ao-e] " married." orwS^Trore " to whomso- 
 
NOTES. 159 
 
 ever he may be." He did not wish to name him, lest he 
 should give offence to him also in what he was about to 
 say of Demosthenes. His name was Demochares. See 
 Dem. adv, Aphob., p. 818. TrapiSav TOVS rrjs TroXews vo/iovy] 
 That is, by marrying a woman who was not a native-born 
 Athenian. Trpoyovcov] " Pluralis positus est ratione senten- 
 tise. Proprie unus respicitur avus Gylon." Bremi. rrjv 
 ntanjpta*] " in his vicious pronunciation." 
 
 173. 'E/c Tpirjpdpxov .... ave<f>avri~\ " from a trierarch 
 he became a pleader of causes before the courts," i. e. al- 
 though a rich man (as all trierarchs were), he took up the 
 profession of a writer of pleas for pay. rovs Aoyovs- .... 
 avridiKois] " producing the speeches for the opposing par- 
 ties," i. e. for both the parties in a suit, as in the case of 
 Phormio and Apollodorus. See Plutarch's Life of Demos- 
 thenes. TO pao-iXiKov xpuo-iW] It is admitted that Demos- 
 thenes received money from the king of Persia, to be used 
 in stirring up opposition throughout Greece against the 
 Macedonian power, which was then extending its ravages 
 through the Persian empire ; but there is no proof that he 
 appropriated it to his personal benefit. 
 
 174. AeivSis \eyeiv, KCIKWS Pi&vai] " So as to speak vehe- 
 mently, to live shamefully." TratdoTroua] " power of pro- 
 creation." These disgusting personalities, as well as those 
 in the reply of Demosthenes ( 129, seq.), are unworthy of 
 orators of so great renown, but were according to the fash- 
 ion of the times, and are attributable in the present case to 
 the intense personal animosity of the antagonists, which had 
 been accumulating for years. 
 
 176. ea> ray 7TpippavTr]piQ)v] That is, as a person in dis- 
 grace. " Sunt cancelli, intra quos nemini ar/^w intrare 
 licebat." Bremi. o-v] That is, Ctesiphon. rols- r/xzyw- 
 &uy] " at the tragedies," " at the exhibition of the trage- 
 dies." It expresses time. Thus often. See Dem. de 
 Coron., 54. 
 
160 NOTES. 
 
 177. ov firj . . . . Tiwqo-ere] " do not suppose that you 
 will ever make better." ov belongs to some verb of fear or 
 anxiety, understood. K. 318. 7. 
 
 178. dfieivovs] " braver." So more commonly. See Dem. 
 de Coron., 219. KaraTreVAirrcu] "has been washed out," 
 " has been forgotten." 
 
 179. aroTTov] " strange," " inexplicable." Oieo-0' av] 
 av belongs to c'&Xqo-at (" do you think that any one would 
 be willing "). 
 
 180. NCi> 8*] That is, according to the existing arrange- 
 ment for bestowing rewards at the games. eVtfiKelff ^uo-ety] 
 u gentle natures," i. e. modest but deserving men. 
 
 181. "En 8' of .... Karayayovres] The reference is 
 to Thrasybulus and his associates, who rallied the citizens 
 that had fled from Athens during the reign of the Thirty, at 
 the fortress of Phyle, on the borders of Boeotia, whence he 
 carried on his operations for the overthrow of this hateful 
 oligarchy. See 187, fin. Of course, the comparison ex- 
 pressed in the previous sentences between other ancient 
 worthies and Demosthenes, is implied here between these 
 and him. It is worth observing, too, that each case for com- 
 parison is introduced by 8e. Upon this Bremi remarks: 
 " Singula exempla in progressu enumerantur per particulam 
 8e, nonnunquam cum indignatione." 
 
 182. cv TOIS avrais fjpfpais] " in the same days." Just as 
 we say, " to name in the same day." 
 
 183. eVi ro> ^rpvfjLovi] " Intelligitur Cimonis expeditio in 
 Thracia cujus regionis flumen erat Strymon, quod cum valido 
 exercitu eum trajicere jubebant Athenienses, ut sociis ur- 
 bibus auxilium ferret et quse Persarum adhuc praesidiis tene- 
 bantur, in libertatem vindicaret. Primum enim Eionem 
 Persarum jugo adhuc pressam dolo cepit, et terra marique 
 pari fortuna usus est. Qui labores erant Atheniensibus tole- 
 randi, perspicitur ex Herod., VII. 107." Bremi. This oc- 
 curred B. C. 476 (Ol. 76. 1), and not, as Bremi has it, Ol. 
 
NOTES. 161 
 
 77. 3, 4. See Clinton and Thirlwall. rpels \i8lvovs *Ep/zas] 
 Hermse were square pillars of stone, ending in a head or 
 bust. There seems to have been a street or colonnade 
 lined with them at Athens, called the Stoa of the Hermce, 
 which led from the Poecile to the Stoa Basileios. See Cra- 
 mer's Ancient Greece, Vol. II. p. 320. Iva firj] Under- 
 stand doKfj flvai e7uy/>aju/za, found in the following clause. 
 These inscriptions were to be made upon the Hermse, but 
 not to contain the name of the persons honored by them. 
 
 184. T Hv apa] " T H*> pro rjcrav. Uberius de hac forma ex- 
 ponit Chceroboscus Anecdd. Becker, p. 1293." Bremi. 
 aWava] " raging," " consuming." As we say, " con- 
 suming hunger." Hp&roi .... dfjajxavirjv] "Primi om- 
 nium viam et rationem invenerunt, qua hostes 
 in consilii inopiam conjicerent." Jacobs. 
 
 186. rf)v a-roav rfjv TroiKiXrjv] " the picture Stoa." A large 
 hall in the agora at Athens, adorned with fresco paintings 
 of great national events, especially of the battle of Mara- 
 thon. See Cramer's Ancient Greece, Vol. II. p. 318. 
 
 187. MrjTpwa] See 75, note. KoiX?;?] An Attic 
 deme, belonging to the tribe Hippothoontis. ai/ayi/coo-erat] 
 Understand ypa/i/xareyy, as often. See 190, where it is 
 expressed. 
 
 189. Kcu'rot 7rw6dvofj.ai y', K. r. X.] Demosthenes, in his 
 reply ( 209), briefly alludes to the unfair use made by 
 ^Eschines of these ancient deeds of renown in their early 
 history, but replies more fully to the comparison made be- 
 tween him and the ancient worthies near the close of his 
 speech ( 314-320), where, it is to be observed, he em- 
 ploys the same illustration of the two celebrated gymnastic 
 wrestlers as is here employed by ^Eschines. The coinci- 
 dence is so striking, as not only to create a suspicion, but 
 to render it almost certain, that jEschines added this pas- 
 sage after the reply of Demosthenes, when he published 
 14* 
 
162 NOTES. 
 
 the oration. ^IKO^VOS TTJS dvdpayadias] " having attained 
 to their manly virtue." 
 
 191. "EpavAop] "Vocabulum subtiliter adhibetur turn de 
 sermone, quo tanquam tibife sono aures personant, turn de 
 re qualibet, cujus adhuc recens est memoria. Accurate 
 exposuit de vocabulo Rhunk. ad Tim. Lex., p. 100." 
 Bremi. ort rrjviKavra^ K. r. A.] The ypcxfrrj Trapavopcov was 
 regarded as the great safeguard of the democracy, since it 
 was designed to prevent all encroachment upon the consti- 
 tution of Solon. See 5, 6. Hence it is that ^Eschines 
 fixes upon this as the characteristic feature of the unjust 
 reign of the Thirty. ptovs] " having lived." Demos- 
 thenes (De Coron., 130) gives a very different account 
 of the father of J^schines from that here given. &*??] 
 Supply the object from the context (" gave me an account 
 of these things"). cwai OJJLOIOV TO 6vop.a KOI TO fpyov] " pari 
 culpa eos habitos fuisse, qui contra leges locuti 
 sint et egerint." Bremi. 
 
 192. Ti)v aKpoaa-iv] "the hearing of the cause." avtno- 
 difrv TOV ypaniLdTcd] " called back the clerk," " stopped the 
 clerk." 
 
 193. *H8;;] "at length," "finally." The appropriate 
 meaning of rj^. See 24, note. 
 
 194. 'E$' w, K. T. X.] The speech of Ctesiphon has not 
 been preserved, but Demosthenes makes use of this argu- 
 ment (^ 223-225). What is here said, I think, implies, 
 as already remarked in another case ( 35, note), that usage 
 was against law on this point. Ke^aXo?] A renowned 
 Athenian orator, who flourished during the Peloponnesian 
 war. See the reply of Demosthenes to this case of Ce- 
 phalus, 251. 01 StaTroXtrevo/ievot] "those belonging to 
 opposite parties in politics." The ypa^rj irapavo^v was 
 often abused, undoubtedly, by being employed as an instru- 
 ment for silencing a troublesome opponent. See Herm. 
 Polit. Antiq., 132. 
 
NOTES. 163 
 
 195. KOI efX<- .... eve/>yecriG)z>] " and convicted him, 
 these good deeds having been recently performed by him." 
 ptvovrai\ That is, in the city. Opposed to favyovras, 
 above. 
 
 196. Kal T&V .... TrpvTaveiw] That is, " those citizens 
 who, either from personal or ancestral services to the state, 
 were honored with the privilege of taking their meals at 
 the Prytaneum at the public expense." Some of these, he 
 says, and their honored generals, were in the habit of beg- 
 ging off from (egairovvrai) trials for illegal measures. av 
 v7roAa/*/3ai/oire] " you should." A mild expression of a 
 command. K. 260. 2, (4), b. 
 
 197. Tis ovv .... a-dxfrpovi ;] "qusenam oratio con- 
 venit homini justo et sobrio, qui patroni partes 
 
 SUScipit ? " Bremi. clariij .... diKao-rrjpiov] Here ypcuprj 
 is nom. to the verb; but in 191 the person is expressed, 
 and is put in the nom. TO pev Trp&rov vdcop] "the first 
 measure of water." Referring to their method of measur- 
 ing time by the clepsydra or water-clock. In most causes, 
 a certain time was allotted to the speakers on each side, and 
 a certain time for fixing the penalty. rrj ivp^rrj i/^w] " at 
 the first vote," i. e. the vote as to his guilt or innocence. 
 After one was convicted, the question of the penalty still 
 remained to be discussed and determined upon. The ypcuprj 
 7rapav6fj,(ov belonged to the dy&ves Tip,r)Toi, or causes without a 
 specific penalty affixed. The accuser fixed the fine at a 
 certain sum (see the ypa^ of ^Eschines, Dem. de Coron., 
 55), but the defendant, if convicted, had the right of 
 naming a counter penalty (di/rm/icu>, ajrm/^tns 1 ), and ot 
 discussing the question before the court. Herm. Polit. An- 
 tiq., 143. 10. TW peyetici .... i>fj.Tpas] " the measure 
 of your indignation," i. e. at the crime, which would be 
 expressed by the penalty they affixed to it. 
 
 198. rrjv -^YI^OV airet] " demands the vote," i. e. in his 
 favor. TrapaireTrcu] See eaiTovvrai t 196. rw 7rpu>rco 
 
 That is, on the question of his guilt or innocence. 
 
164 NOTES. 
 
 alrel] " Flagitat, ut sua causa perjuriam adrnittatis ; 
 v6fj.ov cure!, flagitat, ut negligatis legem ; ftrjuoKpaTiav airet, 
 flagitat, ut a rationibus democratise deficiatis." Bremi. 
 aTravrav els rijv Tip.r)(riv] " to come to the question of fixing the 
 penalty." 
 
 199. p,fi eeu>ai .... (j)evyovrt] This he says, as will 
 be seen from what follows, to suggest to the judges the pro- 
 priety of refusing Demosthenes the opportunity of replying 
 to him as the awrjyopos of Ctesiphon. It is to this attempt 
 to prevent his speaking in self-defence that Demosthenes 
 refers in his reply, 13. 
 
 200. TO o-avtfiov] " this little tablet." Containing (see 
 201) the decree of Ctesiphon (^i}0i<r/uz) and the laws 
 violated by it written opposite (01 irapaycypanfievoi i/o/ioi), just 
 as the conflicting laws to be revised by the Nomothetse were 
 to be inscribed upon o-avifes (of which o-avifaov is the diminu- 
 tive), and exposed before the statues of the E pony mi (see 
 39). The tablet itself is specially mentioned, and then 
 its contents, because he is speaking of a rule of judgment, 
 which he had illustrated by the rule of the mechanic. Sin- 
 gularly enough, we have no account of o-avidiov, nor of o-tu/t- 
 Sey (except in the sense of doors], in Smith's Diet. Antiq. 
 Nor have I been able to find a good account of them in any 
 of the common books which treat of such matters. wrep- 
 Tr^Sjjo-ay] " 'YTrepTTTjSai/, levi pede aliquid prseterire et 
 migrare quasi rem parvi momenti." Bremi. *a- 
 Kovpyov civdponrov] That is, Demosthenes. 
 
 201. Tt'y .... Ao'ycoz/;] " What now is the preventive of 
 such speeches ? " i. e. such as he had said Ctesiphon would 
 make, i. e. a mere sham speech, neglecting the whole merits 
 of the case, and then calling on Demosthenes. We see 
 how much ^Eschines feared the reply of Demosthenes. 
 7rapavayv)vai~\ " to read in connection, or in comparison 
 with." In order that he might be brought back to consider 
 the true merits of the case, namely, how these could be 
 shown to be consistent. p) Trpoo-Trot^rat] The negative is 
 
NOTES. 165 
 
 with the principal verb (as it often is in Greek, especially 
 with (frdvat and other words which imply speaking or think- 
 ing), instead of being with the infin. K. 318, R. 4. 
 
 202. iiaXia-Ta /LteV] " especially," " above all things," " if 
 possible." It is responded to by Av 8', below. 
 pfvov] "inquiring," i. e. of the court. KaXet, 
 
 " Perspicitur hinc, quantum fuerit populi Atheniensis stu- 
 dium Demosthenis audiendi, quum, simul ac quis ejus men- 
 tionem fecerat, solerent alta voce clamare, ut vocetur et 
 progrediatur orator." Bremi. 
 
 203. aTropwraros] " inertissimus, stolidissimus. 
 "Anopos interdum is dicitur, qui propter ingenii tarditatem nil 
 expedire queat." Bremi. 
 
 205. OVTCO 8rj, K. r. X.] Demosthenes, in his reply, fol- 
 lows the order of the charges in the indictment, in which, 
 by an oversight, ^Eschines had placed the denial of his 
 merits as a public man first, which was just the topic 
 Demosthenes wished to treat first, and refer all the others to. 
 See Dem. de Coron., 56 - 60. ercpw .... irpay^d- 
 T<OV] " by an introduction of other things." It cannot be 
 denied that this is the general character of the reply of 
 Demosthenes. The written laws were certainly against 
 him, and hence on the law points he could only plead a 
 certain extenuating usage. See 35. 
 
 206. irfpl TTJS orao-ecos] " about their relative position," 
 i. e. for instance, which should have his face turned towards 
 the sun and which from it, or which towards the wind and 
 which from it, &c. So, he goes on to say, they should 
 insist upon a certain arrangement (ragtas) in the reply of 
 Demosthenes. vnep .... ircpt] A fine illustration of 
 the difference between these prepositions. See 9, note. 
 Trcpu'oTGur&u] " to go around," " turn aside." eyKadq/Lte- 
 voi KOL evebpevovTcs] " His verbis indicatur diligentissime 
 ipsis a dolis et callidis fallaciis hominis fraudulent! cavendum 
 esse." Bremi. Compare Pop. Orat, II. 18. 
 
166 NOTES. 
 
 207. 'Eireurdgci .... TroAtreiV] " Well, then, he (i. e. 
 Ctesiphon) will introduce this juggler cutpurse and sun- 
 derer of the constitution." These terms are not used in 
 their literal sense, but with reference to his wizard-like 
 power as a speaker. See Dem. de Coron., 276, seq. 
 yap is explicative, as often. K. 324. 2, b. /zerajSaAAo'/ie- 
 vos] " changing," i. e. from tears and protestations to re- 
 proaches and maledictions. \m avTrjs .... Sir/pifyirj/neVovs'] 
 " distinguished by the truth," i. e. by the true distinction, 
 " taken in the most comprehensive sense." 
 
 208. K Traifcias] " from their liberal culture," " from 
 their generous nature." iirlopKos u>i/] " being a perjured 
 man." irpbs TOVS avrovs] " before the same persons." 
 The principle here stated, about the effect of frequent 
 oaths or protestations upon one's credibility, is a sound 
 one. 
 
 209. Ufpiypd-^are .... TroAireias] "exclude me from 
 civil privileges." Bremi remarks upon this : " ^Eschines 
 affectare videtur orationem flebilis hominis et timidi, qui 
 ipse perspicit civibus non solum jus esse, sed officium eum 
 puniendi, sed ita eos flagitat hoc jure uti, ut deminuto honore 
 ipse tamen salvus evadat." 7rpopd\\6}j.vos] " throwing 
 before it," " in the way of protection." These interroga- 
 tories are designed as a taunt upon Demosthenes in failing 
 to protect the city against Philip. *EKAITTG>I/ /MI/ .... TTO- 
 Aeojy] " Sensus est : urbe relicta non in Pirreo domicilium, 
 ut videtur, constituisti, sed opportunum locum elegisti, unde, 
 quando tibi placet, peregre abeas." Bremi. 
 
 210. OVK dTip.r)Tos] The influence of Oi>x in the previous 
 clause extends to this as well as the following ("is not 
 the action not one with a definite penalty affixed ? "). See 
 197, note. 
 
 211. p,av\s] " having become mad," i. e. having lost all 
 sense of propriety. eVl roiavTrjs dicaipias] "so unreason- 
 ably," " on so unfitting an occasion." The preposition 
 
NOTES. 167 
 
 with its case has the force of an adverb, as often. Kaipbv\ 
 Referring to the unhappy condition of the country brought 
 about by his policy. eWparo] Lit, " cut off the hair," 
 and hence, as cutting off the hair was a sign of grief, " griev- 
 ed," " mourned." Kadappa T]\OTVTTOVV dpfrrjv] " wretch 
 hating virtue." See the same epithet applied to ^Eschines 
 by Demosthenes, De Coron., 128. 
 
 212. favTov diaxpr]o-r]Tat] Lit., " will use himself up," 
 i. e. " will kill himself," "commit suicide." rrjs irpbs v^as 
 (j)i\oTifjLias] " honor in your eyes." Observe that 777)6$- u/zas, 
 by being placed between the article and its noun, acquires 
 an attributive meaning (lit., " the lefore-you honor "). K. 
 244. 10. OVTOS] Ctesiphon. KarareY/^Ke] " has cut in 
 pieces," " hacked." Alluding to the blows on the head 
 which he says Demosthenes had received at different times, 
 and had been satisfied with merely the pecuniary satisfac- 
 tion obtained by an appeal to law. See 51. These re- 
 peated allusions to the brutal assaults of Meidias and others 
 upon Demosthenes are exceedingly ungentlemanly, not to 
 say mean. There is nothing in the reply of Demosthenes 
 which approaches them in scurrility. ov Kf<pa\f)v, aXXa 
 irp6croov\ " not a head, but a revenue," i. e. it served him 
 as a revenue rather than as a head. 
 
 214. c[jL7r\r)giav] " Dicitur de iis, qui tonitru tanguntur. 
 Hinc tropice de iis, qui non sunt sana3 mentis." Bremi. 
 Ka.TfyvwK.6ras dXX^Xcoj/ aSiKeiv] " having condemned each other 
 for crime." 
 
 215. dvoio-eiv eV e/ie] That is, will make use of his con- 
 nection with them against him. 
 
 216. aXXa KOI .... Sta/3aXXei] See Dem. de Coron., 
 ^ 307, seq. Iv^eiKvv^vos .... e'x^pai/] " displaying my- 
 self to Alexander on account of his (Alexander's) enmity to 
 him (Demosthenes)." Demosthenes does not, as I recol- 
 lect, formally make this charge in any place. 
 
 217. TO Ke(f)d\aiov] "summam et scopum rationis 
 
168 NOTES. 
 
 civil is." Bremi. Much stress, and with great justice, is 
 laid upon this point by Demosthenes. He asks why, now 
 that the evil is all done, he comes with his sweeping 
 charges, and did not object to his measures when they were 
 proposed. This thought, besides being alluded to in sev- 
 eral other places, runs through all that portion (perhaps the 
 most masterly part) of the speech from 188 to 210. 
 
 218. 2i> 8* . . . . KfKpayas] " Whereas you, I opine, are 
 silent when you have received, but clamor having spent," 
 i. e. his public speaking was prompted, not by love of his 
 country, but by the hope of securing a bribe by it. See 
 the turn which Demosthenes gives this, De Coron., 82. 
 
 219. en fciXtWov, K. r. X.] See 12, note. OUTTCO o-ov, 
 K. T. X.] See 77, note. 
 
 220. /cat rfv d&uo-iv .... SrjjjiOKpaTias] " and taking this 
 maxim, not from a democracy, but from a different civil 
 polity (i. e. an oligarchy), you think to escape our observa- 
 tion." How this principle belongs to oligarchies, he pro- 
 ceeds to show in what follows. Karrjyopfl] " brings accu- 
 sations." I retain the MS. reading in preference to the 
 conjecture of Becker, Sq/^yo/jei, because, although speaking 
 of harangues before the people, still it is rather as accusa- 
 tions than in a general sense that they are referred to. 
 dia xpovov] " after a length of time," i. e. " occasionally." 
 o-Tjfjiflov ea-Tiv .... TToXircvofiei/ov] " is a sign of a man 
 engaging in public duties out of regard to the occasions and 
 advantage of his country" 
 
 221. 'YTrep fie, AC. r. X.] Demosthenes often alludes to 
 the fact, that ^Eschines had never brought him to trial for 
 any of the misdeeds which he now charges upon him. See 
 De Coron., 15, 251, et al. Ta /zeV yap irepl TOVS 'A/i^icro-e'df 
 .... KOI ra Trepi, K. T. X.] The charges here referred to 
 have been discussed at length in the previous parts of the 
 oration, but I am not aware that there is any account of 
 ^schines having brought Demosthenes to trial for them in 
 any other author. 
 
NOTES. 169 
 
 222. TO de nepl ras r/nqpei?, K. r. X.] Reference is here 
 made to the reform of the Trierarchy by Demosthenes, 
 while superintendent of the navy, which he (De Coron., 
 102109) boasts of as a great improvement, and as 
 having been carried through with integrity, when he might 
 have received any sum as a bribe for desisting ; while 
 ^Eschines here claims to have convicted him of having by 
 his arrangement, in collusion with the trierarchs, diminished 
 their number sixty-five, and taken hush-money (dpTrdypzra) 
 for it. Demosthenes (De Coron., 103) alludes to a prose- 
 cution which grew out of the case, and ( 4 312) accuses Ms- 
 chines of having received a talent from those interested in 
 defeating his measure for his services in the cause. In 
 alluding to these conflicting representations of the case, 
 Boeckh (Pub. Econ. Ath., p. 574) says, " Which shall 
 posterity believe, when it wishes to form a judgment from 
 the accounts of deceitful orators? It appears to me that 
 the statement of Demosthenes is defended by the fact itself, 
 and the general opinion concerning his whole public life." 
 rr)v ev .... eviKrjcrav] " De re vide Diodor. Sic. XV. 
 34." Bremi. 
 
 223. Ouro) 8e TOIS alriais eV</>paay, K. r. X.] " Sensus 
 est : Quum tibi poena metuenda sit, tu partibus mutatis, 
 accusas eos, qui te in judicium produxerunt, ita ut, quamvis 
 ipsi sint insontes, ob calliditatem tuam et perfidiam in maxi- 
 mo discrimine ve'rsentur, tu autem quasi innoxius evades." 
 Bremi. 
 
 224. rrjv 'Avagivov .... KaTfovcevacra?] "did you not get 
 up the seizure of Anaxinus ? " That is, in order to escape 
 the etVayyeXia with which he was threatened. This Anaxi- 
 nus was taken as a spy in concert with JEschines (see Dem. 
 de Coron., 137), and, as it would seem, was condemned 
 to death for the offence. What is here said about his hav- 
 ing been brought to trial by Demosthenes, who had pre- 
 viously been his friend, is nothing to the discredit of Demos- 
 
 15 
 
170 NOTES. 
 
 thenes, if he was now in the service of the enemies of his 
 country. Anaxinus seems to have visited Macedonia under 
 the pretence of carrying wares to Olympias, the wife of 
 Philip, where he entered into arrangements with Philip to 
 act as a spy at Athens. rovs TTJS noXews a\as] Lit. " the 
 salt of the city," i. e., as to have eaten salt together was the 
 sign of friendship and of sacred obligations to each other, 
 " the duty owed to the city," " fidelity to the city." 
 
 225. *E7TiTa eTrcpmTav /ze, AC. r. X.] The language here is 
 so entirely like that employed by Demosthenes (De Coron., 
 243), that there can be little doubt that this, with many 
 other passages, especially in this latter part of the ora- 
 tion, were added by ^Eschines after the reply of Demos- 
 thenes had been made. evara] " offerings made to the 
 dead on the ninth day after the funeral." For the funeral 
 services among the Greeks, see Becker's Charicles, p. 286. 
 
 226. rovs <rvKo(j)avTr)6evTas fK rrjs TroXireiay] "qui per 
 calumnias a rerum publicarum administratione 
 depulsi sunt. Demosthenes irfpi 2rec/>., p. 273, jungit 
 eadem, ni fallor, significatione vTroo-KeXifcw *ai o-vKoc/xu/reii/." 
 Bremi. 
 
 227. eVrautf' eWon^v, K. T. X.] This defence of himself 
 in allowing Demosthenes to go on in a course of pernicious 
 acts, which, years afterwards, he called him to account for, 
 (viz., that he and others were driven from a participation 
 in public affairs by his quarrelsome habits,) is certainly a 
 very lame one, but shows the reluctance which was felt at 
 encountering Demosthenes. 
 
 228. &v eyw .... /idXtora] " Hsec verba, ob duplicem 
 attractionem obscuriora, in hunc modum resolvas : TOVTUV 
 a eyu> 7rvvddvofj.ai A^/zocr^eV^i/ Xeeii>, eVt rovro> dyavaKra> p.d\ terra. 
 
 V. C. F. R." Bremi. rrjs yhp alrlas] Governed by TO 
 
 epyov (" not to be able to prove the reality of the accusa- 
 tion"). 
 
 229. KOI TTjv .... <l>v<nv\ " and envying the nature of 
 
NOTES. 171 
 
 his opponents on this account," i. e. because they could 
 speak so much better than he could. o>s fow^/cei/] " as if 
 he had done them." e ovopdrtav .... 7repie/>ya>i>] " a 
 man made up of words, and these bitter and over- wrought." 
 " Contra has ^Eschinis criminationes defendit Demosthenem 
 Dionysius Halicarn. Trepl rrjs XeKTt/cf^ A^fioa^eVov? SfivoTTjTos 
 c. 55." Bremi. Ou rr]v y\S>TTav, K. r. X.] " Demadis hie 
 fertur jocus fuisse in Athenienses : Aq/jadq? TOVS 'AfywuW 
 e'lKa^ev av\dis t &>i> ei ris d<pe\oi TTJV yXoarrai/j TO \oiirbv ovdev fan. 
 Faceta sane comparatio ! Quod si enim hoc tempore Athe- 
 nienses erant satis loquentes diserti, plerumque etiam glo- 
 riosi, in agendo tamen inertissimi et languore suo et desidia 
 nimium quantum verborum vanitatem testabantur." Bremi. 
 By y\3rrrav here is meant the mouth-piece of the flute, which 
 was usually taken off when the instrument was not in use. 
 
 230. yvmpr)] Meaning the same as ^fao-pa, as often. 
 See 3, note. eVm^etos] " fit," " deserving." For the 
 infin. following, see K. 306. 1, c. evdvvai /3/ov] " cen- 
 sura morum." Reisk. If he was acquitted, all offenders 
 must be. 8ia TO geviKots .... rrjv fjptpav] " because this 
 day has been devoted to foreign crowns," i. e. the day of 
 the great Dionysiac festival. See 47, 48. 
 
 231. T&V /Liera .... eVeio-ayoi/rwy] " those immediately 
 after this introducing their plays," i. e. after the proclama- 
 tion of the crown of Demosthenes, dpa^ara is to be under- 
 stood as the object of eVeio-ay6Vra>i>. Trocfjcrfiev] " should 
 make," " represent." For the character of Thersites, see 
 Horn. II., II. 212, seq. eV raw .... 8o'aiy] "in the 
 thoughts or opinions of the Greeks," i. e. if not in words. 
 dvcTiGeo-av] " attributed to." irepiQeivai] " to confer it upon," 
 " devolve it upon." dSoglav is to be supplied from the pre- 
 vious clause. 
 
 232. /caXojy TTotowres] Lit. " doing well," but it does not 
 necessarily imply any merit of one's own, but the favor of 
 fortune ; hence, " by the favor of fortune," " by the blessing 
 
172 NOTES. 
 
 of God." See Dem. de Coron., 231 ; Olynth. II., 27. 
 Demosthenes (De Coron., 207) reasons just the reverse 
 of ^Eschines here, that by condemning him they would 
 condemn themselves. TO iravrav droTrooraroi'] A pre- 
 paratory ace. explained by what follows. See 161, note. 
 rovs pfv .... aKio-Kopeitovs] " those convicted in the 
 actions for bribery." The more common construction of 
 a\icrKeo-dai is either with the gen. or part., and I do not find 
 the construction with the ace. referred to in any of the 
 grammars in common use, though it occurs, 50, and is 
 recognized in the Lexicon of Liddell and Scott. TOVS ^v 
 .... Aioi/vo-iW] " Eosdem intelligit, quos Demosthenes 
 in Mid., p. 520, appellat TOVS K/HTOS r<5 dy&vi T&V avbp&v : 
 qui judices sedebant certaminis, eumque coronabant, qui 
 praBstantissimus judicatus erat." Bremi. KVK\IOVS] Com- 
 monly interpreted like eyxv/eXtot, " cyclic," " appointed for 
 a regular period," "annual," but in Smith's Diet. Anliq., 
 41 circular," from the original practice of dancing around a 
 blazing altar as they sang. 
 
 233. avTos] That is, the judge who has given his vote 
 for one wrongfully. o~vp.irapaKo\ov6>v OVTOV XuTreT] " Juris- 
 jurandi violatio perpetua memoria, furiarum instar, con- 
 scientiam terret et vexat." Bremi. 
 
 234. dp.(f)6T(pa] A preparatory ace. governed by the 
 general idea of doing contained in the two following verbs. 
 See 232, note. KaTopOovv .... els TTJV sFoXirctay] " to 
 be fortunate and yet to be in danger with regard to our 
 civil polity." How this is he explains in what follows. 
 fopa <ad' rjfjias prjTopw] " a harvest of orators in our time," 
 i. e. a great number. See <opa in this sense, Dem. de 
 Coron., 61. TO di^oo-top] " the democracy," " the dem- 
 ocratic form of government." <o\aK(v6fjivos] Agrees with 
 &7/ZOS- understood. 
 
 235. evioi fie .... eyeVovro] " and these very ones were 
 some of the Thirty," i. e. the Thirty Tyrants, who were estab- 
 
NOTES. 173 
 
 lished in power at Athens by Lacedsemon, at the close of 
 the Peloponnesian war, and who ruled as with a rod of iron. 
 cTreticTo] " set himself to," " undertook." 
 
 236. Toi) yap .... e^et] " for to have been the cause 
 of our needing these repairs conveys a greater censure 
 than the credit of their having been well made." This ap- 
 pears to be the meaning of the passage, expressed some- 
 what more fully than in the text. ovde .... ai/eAoVra] 
 " nor even in violating the public sepulchres." When the 
 walls of Athens were built, under Themistocles, such was 
 the urgency, for fear of the interference of the Lacedemo- 
 nians to prevent their being reared, that all the inhabitants, 
 of all classes, were set to work upon them, and directed to 
 urge them forward without regard to any place, whether 
 sacred or profane ; so that they were said to be built of 
 altars and sepulchres. See Cornel. Nepos, Themist., c. 
 VI. In repairing the walls, therefore, there would neces- 
 sarily be a disturbance of the public sepulchres. 
 
 237. a^ai TO>V fpyow] " seize upon (come to) the realities 
 or facts." See 101. ras alrias] " the causes." See 
 137. TO rrjs TToXews .... TrepiriGfls] " ascribing the 
 dignity of the city to Demosthenes," i. e. the dignity and 
 authority which he had as an ambassador of the city to 
 Thebes, and which enabled him to succeed in his mission. 
 He seems determined to strip Demosthenes of the honor 
 universally accorded to him for his success on this mission. 
 
 239. OVTOS] That is, the king of Persia, when pressed 
 by Alexander. His situation, he says, led him, even against 
 his declaration, to make the offer, for the sake of secur- 
 ing allies, just as the situation of the Thebans led them 
 to accept the alliance of Athens. ra 5* cjSdo/zqKoira .... 
 vn-oo-tttTTOff] " Hsec omnia nonnisi ex adversariis Demosthe- 
 nis cognita habemus, ut incertum sit, num fidem ullam me- 
 reantur. Ipsa certe narratio est tenebricosa." Bremi. 
 
 240. eveKa Trevre .... irapeSo<rav ;] " did not the mer- 
 
 15* 
 
174 NOTES. 
 
 cenary soldiers deliver up the citadel to the Thebans for 
 five talents ? " That is, as Wolf supposes, the Cadmeia, 
 probably upon the occasion referred to below, when they 
 were to be assisted by the Arcadians in throwing off the 
 Macedonian yoke. The idea intended to be conveyed both 
 by this and the following case is, that they required a much 
 smaller bribe than Demosthenes did. KOI rais fjdovats .... 
 Xopyyets] " and you gratify your appetites." For this sense 
 of f]8ovai, see Xen. Mem., I. 2. 23, Kuhner's note. 
 
 241. ftapvTfpov .... yiyverai] " what is heard becomes 
 more intolerable than the actual evils which you have suf- 
 fered." Demosthenes was aware of the diffipulty and deli- 
 cacy of the task of defending himself, and anticipates the 
 objection on this score in the introduction to his speech. 
 
 242. TTJS avaia-xvvTov TrpaypaTfias] " the shameless busi- 
 ness," i. e. of calling on Demosthenes to assist him in the de- 
 fence. He thinks it would be altogether better forCtesiphon 
 to make his own defence. See 200, seq. vTre'/mi/as .... 
 reAeurj/] " having allowed yourself as an ambassador 
 .... to be chosen to express sympathy," &c. This 
 daughter of Philip had married Alexander, king of the 
 Molossians, in Epirus, who was slain in Italy (B. C. 331), 
 in assisting the Tarentines against the Brutti. /uo-dov] 
 " for pay," i. e. from Demosthenes. It is gen. of price. 
 
 243. oio? /XT) .... TreTTovBoTwv] " such as not to be 
 known by those who have been benefited by him." For 
 the infin. after ofos, see K. 306. 1, c. The negative is />;, 
 and not ov, because it is merely a supposed case. K. 318. 
 3. popav] " a division." This was the war called the 
 Corinthian (B. C. 394). dia rbv . . . . KepKvpav] " on 
 account of that circuitous voyage to Corcyra." He 
 went first to Thrace after vessels, and then south, round 
 the Peloponnesus, to Corcyra, which he subjugated to 
 Athens, B. C. 376 (the same year as the battle of Naxos), 
 in what was called the Boeotian war. 
 
NOTES. 175 
 
 244. dvTfpov] " ask in turn." <rxrXia<[bi/ras] " com- 
 plaining bitterly," " deeply distressed." x>P* ls T o-co/zaros] 
 " apart from the body." As though it were foreign to the 
 body and an enemy to it. 
 
 245. TTJV Trawa-rar-qv e|o5oi/] " Intelligit fatalem illam ex- 
 peditionem, quse clade Chteronensi finita est." Bremi. 
 rr]v 5e p,vf)/j.r)v eViXeiVouo-ai/] " while (de) there is no grateful 
 remembrance of them." 
 
 246. TraiSeuet] " instructs," i. e. goes through the forms 
 of instruction, and hence " attempts to instruct." aXXa TO 
 .... oi/o/ia^erat] " but in this case certainly (#817) to ad- 
 monish is justly called to vex." 
 
 248. TOVS TrpoKaraXauPdvovTcis .... ovo/idYooi/] u those 
 preoccupying all the popular and generous-sounding names." 
 Such as are named in what follows. Such persons, he says, 
 ought to be suspected of having a corresponding meanness 
 of life. as ml TTO\V] plerumque, scepissime, or, according 
 to some, sape, while as eVi TO TroXv (which is found here in 
 two MSS.) is scepissime. See Xen. Mem., I. 1. 10 ; also 
 Jelf's K. 870, R. 4. 
 
 249. ray /3e/3aiaxr? TQ>V ^r^juarcoj/] " at /3e/3ataxreis SUttt 
 pignora, quse dari solebant in emendo et vendendo. Cen- 
 tessima enirn pretii pars deponebatur in fidem, si lis exori- 
 retur inter emtorem et venditorem. Hsec sum ma dicebatur 
 dgioxpfvs. Hinc jubetur orator, qui publice velit coronari, 
 provocare ad vitam fide dignam et laude, venditoris instar, 
 qui fidem suam prsestat. Ex eodem genere petitum est 
 /MJ) e/3atoC're TOVS ciralvavs, ne confirmate laudes." 
 Bremi. 
 
 251. irapavoias eaXco/cws-] "convicted of folly or dotage." 
 Like a superannuated person. See 156 ; also Xen. Mem., 
 I. 2. 49. T&V d' . . . . TrapaKfx^prjKfv'] " white from the 
 realities (i. e. in fact) you have retired for others," i. e. 
 they had given up to ambitious leaders every thing except 
 the name of the democracy. dXX' .... pnpcyiciiQi] " but, 
 
176 NOTES. 
 
 as if from a picnic, having distributed among yourselves 
 what remains," i. e. of the public money, &c. 
 
 252. cKeWev .... 00)pr]a-ar] " behold the proof hence," 
 i. e. from what follows. 'EyeWro Tir] " there was one," 
 i. e. formerly. It is supposed that the reference is to one 
 Autolycus. "Erepos fi'] Leocrates, who, after the battle 
 of Cheeroneia, fled in a cowardly manner to Rhodes, and 
 on his return, eight years afterwards, was brought to trial, 
 and barely escaped conviction by a tie vote. pia] Under- 
 stand \lrrj<j>os. 
 
 253. aTroTTf/n/'fTe] " send away," " rid the country of," 
 i. e. as a homo piacularis. See 131. o>s . . . . TrAeWa] 
 " as a pirate of the public transactions, sailing through 
 the constitution upon names," i. e. having undermined the 
 democracy while professing great attachment to it, and con- 
 cealing their true character, by a studious use of democratic 
 terms. See 248. ^Eschines is liable to the same charge 
 of harshness of metaphor here, which he several times cen- 
 sures in Demosthenes. 
 
 254. 'H/iepooi/ pfv .... cruAAe'yr&u] " jEschines signifi- 
 cat consilium Amphictyonum et certamina Pythica eodem 
 fere tempore habita esse : quod eo probilius est, quum Am- 
 phictyones prsesiderent his ludis. Non tamen eodem mense 
 singulis annis videntur locum habuisse, plerumque tamen 
 mense Elaphebolione (Martio)." Bremi. 
 
 255. p) z/e'/xerf, dXAa Kpivfre] " Idem est ac si dixisset ve- 
 /Here Kpivovrcs, cum judicio tribuete, re pensitata, num 
 honorem meritus sit is, qui eum appetit." Bremi. / 
 j^AiAcm] " in youth." When it was customary to engage in 
 sporting and gymnastic exercises to invigorate and establish 
 the constitution, which, however, he goes on to say, Demos- 
 thenes spent in studying tricks against the wealthy, or those 
 having the estates (TOVS ras ova-ias KeKTrjpevovs). Referring, 
 perhaps, more particularly to the reform which Demosthenes 
 afterwards made in the law of the Trierarchy (De Coron., 
 
NOTES. 177 
 
 102 - 109), which compelled the rich to perform their 
 part of this public burden. 
 
 256. 'AAX' els .... a7ro/3Xe\//-ai/Tff] This seems to refer 
 back and respond to &ia/3Ae\^cn>res els vp.as avrovs, and hence 
 requires that povXevo-ao-Qe should be supplied from that sen- 
 tence. The exact correspondence of the two sentences, 
 however, is disturbed by the long intervening parenthesis. 
 aTToa-Trja-at Se 'AKapyaras 1 ] That is, from Philip. KTr\rjai 
 Se Qr]f3aiovs dr)p.r)yopr)<ras] For the effect of the eloquence of 
 Demosthenes upon the Thebans, see Plutarch's Life of De- 
 mosthenes. IIei0ob] " Persuasion," personified. This is 
 said because Demosthenes claimed to have accomplished 
 such wonders by his eloquence. 
 
 257. vTTo\a^avT 6pav\ " imagine that you see." This 
 summoning before them the worthies of the past, to sustain 
 them in resisting the impudence of Demosthenes and his 
 associates, is happily conceived, and executed in a manner 
 worthy of a great orator. 
 
 258. ras Qvyarepas] " Duas reliquit filias, quse a populo, 
 teste Plutarcho in Aristidis vita, dotem acceperunt ter mille 
 drachmarum." Bremi. "ApQptov] See Dem. Phil. III., 
 43. Trap* ovdcv pev rjKBov aTTOKreiz/ai] " by nothing did 
 they come from killing him," like the Latin : minimum 
 aberat, quin interficerent,, i. e. his punishment was equal to 
 death. 
 
 260. & yrj Kai 17X1?, K. T. X.] Demosthenes (De Coron., 
 127) seizes upon these words, as furnishing, on account 
 of their flippant, pretending character, a fit occasion for 
 returning the ridicule which ^Eschines, in several places, 
 has bestowed upon his language. peporjQrjKa] " I have 
 come to your aid," i. e. of virtue, knowledge, and education. 
 This close compares with that of the reply of Demosthenes 
 very much as the oration, as a whole, compares with that. 
 It is much more flippant and pretending, with much less 
 real earnestness and solemnity. 
 
INDEX TO THE NOTES. 
 
 I. NAMES AND SUBJECTS. 
 
 Abstract nouns in connection 
 with concrete, 25. 
 
 Adjectives formed from proper 
 names, 66. 
 
 j^Eschines, his father, 191 ; 
 his dread of the reply of De- 
 mosthenes, 201 ; additions 
 made by him to his speech 
 after delivery, 189, 225 ; 
 never brought Demosthenes 
 to trial before, 217, 221. 
 
 Age of majority at Athens, 122. 
 
 Alexander, king of Macedonia, 
 242. 
 
 Alliances obtained by Demos- 
 thenes for resisting Philip, 
 84, 91 ; of Athens with 
 Phocis, 118 ; with Thebes, 
 137, seq. 
 
 Allies of Athens, their duties, 
 94. 
 
 Athene Pronoia, 108. 
 
 Amphictyonic war against Am- 
 phissa, origin of, 116; Am- 
 phictyonic KK\rj(ria, 124. 
 
 Annual revision of the laws at 
 Athens, 38, 39. 
 
 Anticipations of what an oppo- 
 nent would say, 13. 
 
 Antipater, 72. 
 
 Array of past worthies by j?Es- 
 chines, 181, 257. 
 
 Article repeated with two words 
 in expressing distinct ideas, I. 
 
 Attention of Demosthenes to the 
 ambassadors of Philip. 
 
 Callias, the Eubcean, 85, seq. 
 
 Cephalus, 194. 
 
 Chalcis, 85. 
 
 Cimon, his expedition to Thrace, 
 183. 
 
 Cleitarchus, 103. 
 
 Cleophon, 150. 
 
 Clepsydra in courts, 197. 
 
 Confirmation of the treaty with 
 Philip by the allies, 73. 
 
 Council of the allies at Athens, 
 and their action relative to the 
 peace of Philocrates, 58. 
 
 Courts held in the agora at 
 Athens, 1. 
 
 Crissa or Cirrha, 107. 
 
 Crobulus, 118. 
 
 Crowns, where proclaimed at 
 Athens, 35 ; devoted to 
 Athene, 46. 
 
 Current opinion against the cor- 
 ruption of Demosthenes, 59. 
 
 Demosthenes, time of being ap- 
 pointed Tfixojroios, 23, 27 ; 
 deserts his post in the battle 
 of Chseroneia, 159 ; promi- 
 nent trait of his character, 
 160 ; harshness of his meta- 
 phors, 72, 166 ; receives gold 
 of the king of Persia, 173, 
 239 ; a stanch democrat, 9 1 , 
 168; famous for his long 
 decrees, 100 ; compared to 
 a flute by ^Eschines, 229. 
 
 Destruction of Thebes describ- 
 ed, 157. 
 
180 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Doldmasia, 15. 
 
 Elateia, 140. 
 
 Embassy of Demosthenes to 
 the Peloponnesus, 97. 
 
 Eretria, 85. 
 
 Eubcean Congress, 89, 94. 
 
 Eubulus, 25. 
 
 Euthyni, 9, 14, 15. 
 
 Expedition of Aristodemus to 
 Magnesia, 83. 
 
 Expedition to expel the Thebans 
 from Eubcea, 85. 
 
 Extravagance of the charges of 
 ^Eschines against Demosthe- 
 nes, 104, 150. 
 
 Festivals of Dionysus at Athens, 
 68. 
 
 Frauds in appointing the presid- 
 ing officers in the Assembly at 
 Athens, 3. 
 
 Future after historical tense, 90 ; 
 mid. in passive sense, 123 ; 
 with verbs qf willing, 152. 
 
 Generals at Athens, their fac- 
 tious character, 7. 
 
 Gylon, 171. 
 
 Halonesus, 83. 
 
 Hand of the suicide buried apart 
 from the body by the Athe- 
 nians, 244. 
 
 Hegemon, 28. 
 
 Hermae at Athens, 183. 
 
 Hieromnemons, 115. 
 
 Ill-fortune of Demosthenes, 114, 
 132. 
 
 Intransitive constructed like pas- 
 sive verbs, 53. 
 
 Irregular proceedings in the 
 Athenian courts and assem- 
 blies, 1-4. 
 
 Issus, battle of, 164. 
 
 Kephisodotus, 51. 
 
 Kersobleptes, why not included 
 in the treaty of peace with 
 Philip, 65. 
 
 Lacedaemonians, their connec- 
 tion with the Phocian war, 
 133. 
 
 Logistae, 9, 14, 15; passing 
 accounts before, 23. 
 
 Magistrates, their responsibility 
 at Athens, 9; appointment 
 of, 13, 14 ; kinds of, 29. 
 
 Margites, 160. 
 
 Meidias, character and connec- 
 tion with Demosthenes, 52. 
 
 Mourning with the Greeks, 77. 
 
 Murder of Philip, 160. 
 
 Negative after negative verbs, 
 35 ; double in Greek, 47 ; 
 with the principal verb in- 
 stead of the infinitive, 201. 
 
 Nikaea, 140. 
 
 Nomothetae, 39. 
 
 Opt, with av for fut., 196. 
 
 Order of speaking in the Assem- 
 bly at Athens, 2. 
 
 Oropus, 85. 
 
 Paronomasia, 78. 
 
 Peace of Philocrates, 58. 
 
 Periods into which ^Eschines 
 divides the public life of De- 
 mosthenes, 54, 55. 
 
 Periphrasis with iroielv and an 
 adjective, 73. 
 
 Periphrastic form expressing a 
 condition, 58. 
 
 Personalities in ^Eschines and 
 Demosthenes, 174. 
 
 Philip's leniency to Athens, 131. 
 
 Phrynondasand Eurybatus, 137. 
 
 Places of proclaiming crowns at 
 Athens, 35. 
 
 Plutarch us, 86. 
 
 Pnyx, 34. 
 
 Popular assembly at Athens, 2. 
 
 Preparatory ace., 161, 232. 
 
 Preposition with its case used 
 adverbially, 211 ; attribu- 
 tively, 212. 
 
 Present tense denoting an at- 
 tempt, 246. 
 
 Proedri, Prytanes, &c., 3. 
 
 Prosecution for wounding, 51. 
 
 Public records at Athens, where 
 kept, 75. 
 
 Py] agorae, 113. 
 
 Pythia, 108. 
 
 Relation between Athens and 
 Thebes, 139. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 181 
 
 Reply of Demosthenes to 
 
 chines, its general character 
 
 and order of its topics, 205. 
 Senate at Athens, 2. 
 Serrium, Doriscum, &c., 82. 
 Sons of those slain in battle at 
 
 Athens maintained at public 
 
 expense, 154. 
 Special suits at Athens, 4. 
 Subj. after historical tense, 2 ; 
 
 with Trpiv without oV, 60. 
 Sweeping charges of corruption 
 
 made by .^Eschines against 
 
 Demosthenes, 91. 
 Tamyna?, 86. 
 
 Thebes, its relation to the Boeo- 
 tian towns, 142. 
 
 Thesmothetse, 13, 38. 
 
 Thrasybulus, 181. 
 
 Time of the trial of Ctesiphon, 
 12. 
 
 Treasurers at Athens, 27. 
 
 Trierarchs, 19. 
 
 Trierarchy, reform of, by Demos- 
 thenes, 222. 
 
 Vision of Demosthenes at the 
 death of Philip, 77. 
 
 Walls of Athens, how built by 
 Themistocles, 236. 
 
 Zeugma, 7, 21. 
 
 II. GREEK WORDS AND PHRASES. 
 
 dyopd, " meeting of the tribes or 
 
 denies," 27. 
 ay coves drtp/roi, 197. 
 atpeiv, " to convict," with ace. 
 
 and gen., 157. 
 aXXd, " yet," 133, 155 ; oZv, 
 
 " anyhow," 11 ; after 
 
 eWeiS^, 86. 
 a\i<TKo-dai, pass, of a/peii/, 24 ; 
 
 with infin., 50 ; with 
 
 ace., 50, 232. 
 d\irr)pios, 131. 
 &v omitted with indie, of hist. 
 
 tenses, 2. 
 
 dif., 164. 
 
 for 6 avdpcoTros, 99. 
 evs, 25. 
 
 Karayiy voter Ke iv, 
 dif.', 60. 
 
 if, 25. 
 
 y, d/ro, 100. 
 
 (frepav, " at one sweep," 
 143. 
 
 ri'a, 13. 
 
 i, 128. 
 
 ,_, *, 249. 
 
 yap, explicative, 207 ; yap av, 
 147. 
 
 16 
 
 ypa<p?j, construction with eto-te- 
 
 vcu, 197. 
 
 ypcuprj Trapai/ojLteov, safeguard of 
 the democracy, 191 ; abuse 
 of, 194. 
 
 Se, introducing several succes- 
 sive clauses with indignation, 
 181. 
 
 &e'xe<r$ai nvt rt, 111. 
 877, resumptive, 57. 
 os, 168. 
 ia, 146. 
 
 personal instead of imper- 
 sonal, 2. 
 1 , 91. 
 ta, 3. 
 
 ourcoy, dif., 59. 
 vayr]s, with gen., 110. 
 
 takes augment before 
 the preposition, 44. 
 
 r), change of construction 
 after, 69. 
 eVi, " upon condition of," 170. 
 eVtXay^eii/, meaning of, 62. 
 67Tir?7etof, with infin., 230. 
 7ri,<pepe(r0ai, " to bring a dow- 
 er," 172. 
 
 "reality," 228. 
 " fearlessly," 118. 
 
182 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 /, 170. 
 Evpnros avdpvTTos, " an incon- 
 
 stant man," 90. 
 f(f) y wav, " in our age," 132. 
 7)yfjLovta TOV diKaaTijpiov, 14. 
 77877, usage, 24, 193. 
 77801/01, " passions," 240. 
 771;, for 77o-ai/, 184. 
 fjTot . . . . jjf, usage, 40. 
 l<Txvpifo-0ai, meaning of, 56. 
 TToioCi/rey, usage, 232. 
 " sacred baskets," 120. 
 kara, " concerning," 50. 
 Ka.Ta\ipoTovia, 52. 
 K\7TTiv, " to deceive," 99. 
 /cX?7pa>rat, 15. 
 
 \dyx avflv t with inlin., " to have 
 the lot to be something," 28. 
 Xoyoy, cvdvvai, dif., 15. 
 
 /ieV, " if possible," 202. 
 " in size," 17, 77. 
 .. Se, usage, 12 ; 
 ---- 6V ---- Se ---- Se, 19, 
 31. 
 
 with part., 12. 
 
 /^, interrogative, 21 ; with 
 part., 87 ; (or ^ ou) with 
 infin. after certain verbs, 35; 
 on, usage, 46. 
 i/tai>, usage, 63, 72. 
 oloi/, " for instance," 18. 
 01 TTfpi rt, for a concrete noun, 
 
 29. 
 oXiyov Sflv, 165. 
 
 , usage, 5. 
 
 opyrj, meaning of, 4. 
 otrrty, instead of ojcrre, 59. 
 
 ov HTJ, how resolved, 177. 
 ovde . ct>K, 78. 
 ovre, /i^re, dif., 127. 
 Traprjvofjici, augment, 77. 
 TTfpippavrrjpia, 176. 
 Trpa-y/xareta, " commission," 13. 
 7rpo(r/3i/3aVii', 7rpo/3i^3a^e/, dif., 
 
 93. 
 
 7rpo<Tx lv i usage, 65. 
 Trpcoroi/, followed by irpwrov and 
 
 Sevrepoj/, expressing subdi- 
 
 visions, 142. 
 o-ai/i'Stoj/, 200. 
 cravls, 39. 
 
 ev ra> TTpvrai/eta) , 196. 
 
 183 ; TTOIAC/XJ;, 
 
 , summis viribus, 100. 
 o-aj/ia, u person," 18, 28. 
 ra oXa, 133. 
 
 , 14. 
 
 " finally," 72. 
 Trepi, dif., 9, 206. 
 
 , meaning of, 200. 
 in conformity with," 
 
 <TTT)\T], 70. 
 
 (rroa ' 
 186. 
 
 23. 
 
 (/>e'po>j/, " speedily," 82, 89. 
 <f)v\rj 7rpoe6pevoucra, 3. 
 is-, with part, expressing the 
 supposed reason, 142. 
 
 c }\ /I ** i e i 
 
 (as aArjacoff, 1D1. 
 a>y apa, 54, 137. 
 wy eVt TroXv, plerumque, 248. 
 
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