I UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES APPENDIX T O T H E FIFTH REPORT FROM THE COMMITTEE OF SECRECY, APPOINTED TO ENQJJIRE INTO THE CAUSES OF THE WAR IN THE C A R N A T I C, AND OF THE CONDITION OF THE BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN THOSE PARTS. Firjl Maratta War. APPENDIX, No. i. Extra8 s of An AS, made in the iyb fear of the Reign of King George the Third, intituled, " An AB for ejlablijbing certain " Regulations for the better Management of the Affair i of the " Eafl India Company, as well in India at in Europe" WHEREAS the feveral Powers and Authorities grant- p . . ed by Charters to the United Company of Merchants of England trading to the Eaft Indies, have been found, by Experience, not to have fufficient Force and Efficacy to prevent various Abufes which have prevailed in the Govern- ment and Administration of the Affairs of the faid United Com- pany, as well at Home as in India, to the manifeft Injury of the Public Credit, and of the Commercial Interefts of the faid Company ; and it is therefore become highly expedient, that certain further Regulations, better adapted to their prefent Cir cumftances and Condition, fliould be provided and eftablifhed. And, for the better Management of the faid United Com- A Governor General pany's Affairs in India, Be it enacted, That for the Govern- and Four Counfellors to mentof the Prefidency of Fort William in Bengal, there lhall be appointed, in whom be appointed a Governor General and Four Counfellors; and the whole Civil and Mi- thatthe whole Civil and Military Government of the faid Prefi- Htary Government of dency, and alfo the Ordering, Management, and Government, Bengal, Bahar, and O- of all the Territorial Acquifitions and Revenues in the King- r jfl- a) &all be veftcd, doms of Bengal, Bahar, and Oriffa, /hull, during fuch Time as the Territorial Acquifitions and Revenues {hall remain in the Pofleflion of the faid United Company, be, and are hereby eft- ed in the faid Governor General and Council of the faid Prefi- dency of Fort William in Bengal, in like Manner, to all Intents and Purpofes whatsoever, as the fame now are, or at any Time heretofore might have been, exercifed by the Prefident and Coucci!, or Select Committee, in the faid Kingdoms. And be it Enafted, That in all Cafes whoever wherein any In cife of D ; fference Difference of Opimon (hall anfe, upon any Qu--,1ion propofed in O f Opinion, the Decifion any Confutation, the laid Governor General and Council lhall r ,L. ,,;-,, Port t I._ i j ... j L.J^J L.. .u- /-_: j r\--:r. r .; ..: " "J"r ran. 10 Governor General, or in his Abfence the eldeft Counfellor pre- c ,fti ne Voice Cent, fliall have a carting Vtice, and his Opinion fall be deci- five and conclufivr. A * And APPENDIX, NO i. Power of the Cover- Arid be it further Enacled, That the faid Governor Gnfa! aoj General and Council, and Council, or the majcr Part of them, fhall have, and they are hereby authorized to have, Power of fupenntendmg and controlling the Government and Management of the PrefidencifS of Madras, Bombay, and Bencoolen refpeftively, fo far and in fo rtiuch as that it fhall not be lawful for any Prefident and Council of Madras, Bombay, or Bencoolen, for the Time be- ing, to make any Orders for commencing Hoftilities, or declar- ing or making War againft any Indian Princes or Powers, or for negotiating or concluding any Treaty of Peace, or other Treaty, with any fuch Indian Princes or Powers, without the Confent and Approbation of the faid Governor General and Council firft had and obtained; except in fuch Cafes of imminent Neceffity as would render it dangerous to poftpone fuch Hoftilities or Treaties, until the Orders from the Governor General and Coun- cil might arrive, and except in fuch Cafes where the faid Prefi- dents and Councils refpeftively fhall have received fpecial Or- ders from the faid United Company ; and any Prefident and Coun- cil of Madras, Bombay, or Bencoolen, who fhall offend in any of ths Cafes aforefaid, fall be liable to be fufpended from his or their Office, by the Order of the faid Governor General and Council ; and every Prefident and Council of Madras, Bombay, and Bencoolen, for the Time being, fhall, and they are hereby refpeclively directed and required, to pay due Obedience to fuch Orders as they fall receive, touching the Premifes, from the faid Governor General and Council for the Time being, and conftantly and diligently to tranfmit to the faid Governor Ge- neral and Council, Advice and Intelligence of all Tranfaftions and Matters whatfoever, that fhall come to their Knowledge, relating to the Government, Revenues, or Intereff, of the faid United Company j and the faid Governor General and Council for the Time being fhall, and they are hereby directed and re- quired to pay due Obedience to all fuch Orders as they fall receive from the Court of Directors of the faid United Company, and to correfpond, from Time to Time, and conflantly and dili- gently tranfmit to the faid Court an exaft Particular of all Ad- vices or Intelligence, and of all Tranfaftions and Matters what- foever, that (hall come to their Knowledge, relating to the Go- vernment, Commerce, Revenues, or Intereft, of the faid Unit- ed Company; and the Court of Directors of the faid Company, or their Succeflors, fhall, and they are hereby direfted and re- Siired, from Time to Time, before the Expiration of Fourteen ays after the receiving any fuch Letters or Advices, to give in and deliver unto the High Treafurer, or Commiffioners of His Wajefty's Treafury for the Time being, a true and exaft Copy -^ of (uch Parts of ths faid Letters or Advices as fhall any way re- late to the Management of the Revenues of the faid Company ; and, in like Manner, to give in and deliver to one of His Ma- jefty's Princpal Secretaries of State for the Time being, a true and exadl Copy of all luch Parts of the faid Letters or Advices as fliall any way relate to the Civil or Militaiy Affairs and Go- vernment of the laid Company ; all which Copies (hall be fairly written, and fhall be figned by Two or more of the Direclors of the faid Company. X' f tk T" ft And if is hereby further Enafled, That Warren HafHngs. Gcv, General and Efq " ire ' ^ be ' he F ' rft Governor General; and that Lieu- Counfebt. who fhall ""^ General John Covering, the Honourable George Mon- continue in' Office Five * n> ^' cnard Birwell, Elquire, and Philip Francis, Efquirc, Yrars af'er their Arrival ^ 3 " bt tneFour F ' rft Counsellors; and they, and each of them, it V nr , Wi'Him inT? ^^ ho)d and cnntinue in his and their refpeftive Offices, for *,,' and during the Te*m of Five Years from the Time of their Ar- rival at Fort William in Bengal, and taking upon them the Go- vernment APPENDIX, NO i. verrrmtnt of the faid Presidency, and fliall not be removeable, "n the mean Time, except by His Majefty, His Heirs and Succef- fors, upon Reprefentation made by the Court of Directors of the faid United Company for the Time being : And in cafe of the Avoidance of the Office of fuch Governor General by Death, Refignation, or Removal, his Place fliall, during the Remain- der of the Term aforefaid, as often as the Cafe fliall happen, be fuppiied by the Perfon of the Council who ftands next in Rank to fuch Governor General } and, in cafe of the Death, Re- moval, Refignation, or Promotion, of any of the faid Council, the Directors of the faid United Company are hereby imf owered, for and during the Remainder of the faid Term of Five Yt ars, to nominate and appoint, by and with the Confent of His Majefty, His Heirs and Succeflors, to be fignified under His or Their Sign Manual, a Perfon to fucceed to the Office fo become vacant in the faid Council ; and until fuch Appointment fhall be made, all the Powers and Authorities vefted in the Governor General and Council fliall reft and continue in, and be exercifed and executed by, the Governor General and Council remaining and furviving; and from and after the Expiration of the faid Term cf Five Years, the Power of nominating and removing the fucceeding Governor Central and Council fhall be vefted in the Directors of the faid United Company. And be it further Enacted, That the faid feveral Provifions, relating to the faid Governor General and Council fhall com- .. Tinle when thc Pr - roence and take Place from and immediately after the Time lons re Ia" n B the that pub! ic Proclamation fliall be made of the Arrival of the laid ^ overnor and Courted Governor General and CounfeUors herein before appointed, or fta11 commence, any Three of them, at Fort William in Bengal } which Proclama- tion the faid Governor General and Council ate hereby required to make. Provided always, That nothing in this Act mall extend, or The Company may be conflrued to extend, to prevent, controu!, or reflrain, the faid appoint Officers in pur- United Company from conflicting and appointing fuch Officers, f u a nce o f f or mer Acts Factors, or Agents, as they fhail think proper and necefiary, by o: Charters, virtue or in purfuance of any Powers, Rights, or Privileges, granted to them by any former Act or Acts of Parliament, or by any Charter or Charters, for managing, conducting, and tranfacting the Trade and Commerce of the faid Company, at and within the faid Prefidency of Fort William in Bengal. And be it further Enacted, That fo much of the faid Charter, c . .. , , granted by his faid late Maiefly, as refpedts or relates to the Efta- blifhment of the Mayor's Court at Calcutta aforefairi, in Bengal, " g ranted b J >- crto the Civil, Criminal, or Ecclefiaftical Jurildiction thereof, ' ' in the faid United Company's Settlement there, or the Subor- ^ S rant "J to dinates thereunto belonging, in cafe a new Charter fliall bt grant- ed by His Majefty in Purfuance of this Act, and fhall blopealy published at Fort William aforefaid, from and immediately after fuch Publication fhall ceafe, determine, and be abfolutely void, to all Intents and Purpofes : But neverthelefs, the faid Charter, otherwife to be in full fo granted by his faid late Majefty, fhall, in all other Retpedts, j oice. and as for and concerning all or any other of the faid Company's principal Prefidencies or Settlements to which the fan-e relates, or to any Factories or Places now or hereafter to be fuboramate to fuch principal Settlements, continue, be, and remain in full Force ajid Virtue, according to the true Intent and Meaning thereof, and that as fully and effectually, to all Intents and Pur- pofes wha'foever, as if this Act had never, been made, or fuch new Charter as aforefaid fhould never have been granted. And be it further Enacted, That during fuch Time as the Salaries efhbiiflsd to Territorial Acquifitions fhall remain in the Pofleffion of the faid the Governor Genera!, Company, thc Court of Directors of the faid United Company Counc 1, Chief Juftice] fl>*ll, and Judges. APPENDIX, N i. A,!!, and they are hereby required to direct, and caufe to be paid, certain and tftabliftud Salaries to the Governor General, Lid to each cf the Council of the faid United Company's Prefi- dency of Fort William in B=ngal, and to the Chief Juftice, and each of the Judges of fuch . Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, as (hall be by the faid new Charter eftablifhed ; (thac is to fa>,) To the Govtrnor Genera!, Twenty-five thoufand Pounds by the Year j and to each of the Council of the faid United Company's Prefidency of Fort William in Bengal, Ten thoufand Pounds by the Year j and to the Chief Juftiee, Eight thoufand Founds by the Year; and to each of the Judges of the faid Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William, Six thoufand Pounds by the Years And that fuch Salaries fhall be paid and payable to each and every of them refpeftively, for the Time being, out of the faid Terrirorial Acquifitions in the Kingdoms of Bengal, Bahar, and Oriffa. When fueh Salaries And be it further Enacted, That the Salaries of fuch Gover- fiull commence. nor General and Council, and of fuch Chief Juftiee and Judger, of fuch Supreme Court of Judicature as aforefaid, fliall take place and commence in refpect to all fuch Perfons who {hall be refident in Grrat Britain at the Time of their Appointment, upon and from the Day on which fuch Perfon fhall embark from Great f Britain ; and that the Salaries of all fuch Perfons who (hall, at the Time of their Appointment, be refident in India, mall com- mence and take place from and after their reflectively taking upon them the Execution of their Office as aforefai.1 ; and that all fuch Salaries to fuch Governor General and Council, and of fuch Chief Juftiee and Judges, fhall be in lieu of all Fees of Office, Perqi'ifites, Emoluments, and Advantages whatfoever; and that no Fees of Office, Perqaifites, Emoluments, or Ad- vantages whatfoever, fhall be accepted, received, or taken by fuch Governor General and Council, or by fuch Chief Juftiee and Judges as aforefaid, or any of them, in any Manner or on any Account or Pretence whatfoever, other than fuch Salaries and Allowances as are in and by this Ad directed to be paid to them refpectively. T , r r And be it further Enacted, That no Governor General, or any ine ooirrnor v,ene- ftf th(j Counc ;j of ^ faid Vn{teA Company's Prefidencv of Fort LceSv Pf it William in Ben S al > or a y Chief Juflice, or any of the Judge* tnt of the Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort William aforefaid, fliall, directly or indireclly, by themfelves, or by any other Perfon or Perfons for his or their Ufe, or on his or their Behalf, accept, receive, or take, of or from any Perfon or Ferfons, in any Manner or on any Account whatfoever, any Prefent, Gift, Donation, Gratuity, or Reward, pecuniary or Oiherwife, or any Promife or Engagement for any Prefent, Gift, Donation, Gra- nor be concerned in any tuity, or Reward ; and that no Governor General, or any of the Tranfaftion by way of faid Council, or any Chief Juftiee or Judge of the f,id Court, Traffic. fliall carry on, be concerned in, or have any Dealing or Tranf- aclions, by way of Traffic or Commerce of any Kind whatfoever, either for his or their Ufe or Benefit, Profit or Advantage, or for the Benefit or Advantage of any other Perfon or Perfons whatfoever (the Trade and Commerce of the faid United Com- pany oniyexcepted); any Ufage or Cuflom to the contrary there- of in anywife notwithftanding. No Perfon hoPing a And ** " furtner Enacted, That from and after the Firft Day Civil or Military Office ^ Au 6 u ^> One thoufand Seven hundred and Seventy-four, no under the Crown &c * >er( no) d' n g r exercifing any Civil or Military Office under fliall accept any Dcna the Crown or the faid United Company, in the Eaft Indie-, lion or Oratoitv. Aal1 ""P 1 * receive, or take, directly or indirectly, by himfelf, or any other Perfon or Perfons on his Behalf, or for his Ufe or Bentrit, f and from any of the Indian Pi inces or Powers, or APPENDIX, No |. their Minifters or Agents (or any of the Natives of Afia), any Prefent, Gift, Donation, Gratuity, or Reward, pecuniary or otherwife, upon any Account, or oh any Prerence whatfoever, or any Promife or Engagement for any Prefent, Gift, Donation, Gratuity, or Reward : And if any Perfon, holding or exercifing any fuch Civil or Military Office, ftiall be guilty of any fuch Qffence, and fhall be thereof legally convicted in (uch Supreme Court at Calcutta, or in the Mayor's Couit in any other of the faid United Company's Settlements when fuch OrFence fhall have been committed, every fuch Perfon fo convicted fhall for- feit Double the Value of fuch Prefenr, Gift, Donation, Gratuity, or Reward, fo taken and received; One Moitiy of which For- feiture flull be to the faia United Company, and the other Moi- ety to him or them who fljsll inform or profrcute for the fame; and alfo fhall and may be fent to England, by the Order of the Governor and Council of the Prcfidency or Settlement where the Offender /hall be convicted, unlefs fuch Perfon fo convicted /hall give fufficient Security to remove him or themfelves within Twelve Months after fuch Conviction. Provided always, and be it further Enacted, That nothing Counfeilors, Phyfici- herein contained fhall extend, or be conftrued to extend, to pro- ans, Surgeons, and Coap- hibit or prevent any Perfon or Perfons who (hall carry on or J^ins excepted. exercife the Prorefiion of a Counfeilor at Law, a Pbyfician, or a Surgeon, or being a Chaplain, from accepting, taking, or re- ceiving any Fees, Gratuities, or Rewards, in the Way of thcit Profeffion. And it is hereby further Enacted, That every fuch Prefent, Gift, The Cc mpany may Gratuity, Donation, or Reward, accepted, taken, or received, and profecute and recover anf all fuch Dealing or Tranfaction by Way of Traffic or Commerce, Gift, upon waving For- of any Kind whatfoever, carried on, contrary to the true Intent feitures. and Meaning of this Aft, fhall be deemed and conftrued to have been received, uken, had, and done, to and for the fo!e Ufe of the faid United Company ; and that the faid Un.ttd Company, upon waving all Penalties and Forfeitures, fhill and may fue and profecute for the Recovery of the fame, or the full Value of fuch Prefent or Gift, or the Profits of fuch Trade, refpectively, together with Intereft at the Rate of Five Pounds per Ctntum fer Anrum, from the Time of fuch Prefent, Gift, Gratuity, Donation, or Reward, being received, or of fuch Dealing or TranfacUon by way of Traffic or Commerce, as aforefaid, by Action for Maney had and received to the Ufe of the faid Company. And be it further Enacted, That from and after the Firft Day No Collector, Super- of Auguft, One thoufand Seven hundred and Seventy-four, it vifor, &c. to buy Goods fhall not be lawful for any Collector, Supervifor, or any other by way of Traffic. of His Majefty's Subjects, employed or concerned in the Col- lection of the Revenues, or the Adminiftration of Jurtice, in the Provinces of Bengal, Bahar, or OrifTa, or their Agents or Servants, or any Perfon or Perfoni in Truft for them, to buy any Goods, Wares, Merchandife, or other Commodities what- foever, by way of Traffic or Tr.Kie, at any Place within the Provinces of B-ngal, Bahar, and Orifla, and to fell the fame again, or any Part thereof, at tiie Place where he or they bought the fame, or at any other Place within the faid Pro- vinces reff-ectively ; and it fhall not be lawful for any of His Majefty's Subjects in the faid Provinces, to engage, intermeddle, or be any way concerned, directly or indirectly, in the inland Trade, in Salt, Beetlenut, Tobacco, or Rice, except on the Account of the faid United Company, on Pain of forfeiting all fuch GoiHs or Commodities which he fliall fo buy and fell again by way of Traffic, or in which he fiial! fo trade, and alfo Treble the Value therevf - } Ont Moiety to the faid Uuitcd Company, and Ut APPENDIX, Ki. tn other Moiety to him or them who will fae for the fame in the faid Supreme Court j and every fuch Perfon, on Con- viction, fliall moreover be liable to be fent to England by fuch Order as aforefaid, unlefs he or they fliall give fufficient Security to remove him or themfelves within Twelve Months after fuch Conviction. Not to reflrain His Provided always, That nothing herein contained fhall extend, Mjefty' Subjects not or be conftrued to extend, to prohibit or reflrain any of His Ma- hercin prohibited: jefty's Subjects, or any Perfon or Perfons whatfoever (except fuch Perfons as are by this Act prohibited and retrained from being concerned in Trade), from carrying on or exercifing any Trade or Traffic within Fort William and the Town of Calcutta. Nor to extend to out- Provided neverthelefs, and be it Enacted, That nothing ftanding Debts, or to herein contained fliall extend, or be conftrued to extend, to pro- felling Merchandifes pof- n jbit or prevent any fuch Perfon or Perfons, who is, are, or fefled by Perfons before fl, a li be hereby reftrained from carrying on any Trade, or being fuch Prohibition take concerned in the buying or felling any Goods, Wares, Mer- place. chandifes, or other Commodities wbatfcever, by way of Traffic or Trade as aforefaid, or from being any Way concerned in the Inland Trade, in Salt, Beetlenut, Tobacco, o/ Rice, from collecting in their outftanding Debts, or from felling and difpofing of the Goods, Wares, Merchandifes, Effects, and Stock in Trade, of which fuch Perfon or Perfons fliall feverally be psfleffed at the Time when fuch Prohibition fiiall refpectively take place, fo as each fuch Perfon or Perfons who by this At is, are, or fliall be fo reftrained, /hall, and each and every of them refpectively do, deliver in to fuch Governor General and Council of the Provinces of Bengal, Bahar, and OrifiTa aforefaid, within Thirty Days from the Time when fuch Reilriction and Prohibition /hall take place, as aforefaid, a full, true, and juil Specification, upon Oath, of the Goods, Wares, Merchandifes, Effects, and Stock in Trade, of which he or they fliall be at that Time fo refpectively pofTeffed ; and fo as fuch Perfon or Perfons (hall and do fell and difpofe of fuch Goods, Wares, Merchandifes, Effects, and Stock in Trade, within the Space of Nine Months after fuch Reflection an,d Prohibition as aforefaid fliall commence and take place; and fo as no new Trade or Concern in Commerce or Merchandife be entered into, contracted for, or carried on, by fuch Peifon or Ptfrfons. No Perfon ftiall take And be it further Enafted, That no Subject of His Majefty, rn Loan of Money above His Heirs and SuccelTors, in the Eaft Indies, fliall, upon any the Rate of Twelve per Contraft which ftiall be made from and after the faid Firft Day Cent, per Annum. o f Auguft, One thoufand Seven hundred and Seventy-four, take, directly or indirectly, for Loan of any Monies, Wares, Mer- chandife, or other Commodities whatfoever, above the Value of Twelve Pounds for the Forbearance of One hundred Pounds for a Year, and fo after that Rate for a greater or lefier Sum, or for a longer or fliorter Time ; and that all Bonds, Contracts, and AfTurances whatfoever, made after the Time aforefaid, for Payment of any Principal or Money to be lent or conv - named to be performed upon, or for any Ufnry whereupon or \vhtreby there fliall be referved or taken above the Rate of Twelve Pounds in the Hundred as aforefaid, fliall be utterly Perfons by Covin ac- void : And all and every fuch Perfon or Perfons whatfoever fppting Loans, &c. ftall who fliall, after the Time aforefaid, upon any Contract to be orfeit for every Offence, made after the faid Firft Day of Auguft, One thoufand Seven Treble the Value ; hundred and Seventy-four, take, accept, and reciive, by Way or Means of any corrupt Bargain, Loan, Exchange, Shift, or Intereft, of any Wares, Merchandifes, or other Thing or Things whatfoever, or by any deceitful Way or Mean, or by any Covin, Engine, or deceitful Conveyance, for the forbeann j or giving Day of Payment for One whole .Year, of an! (or APPENDIX, M i. their Money or other Thing, above the Sum of Twelve Pounds for the forbeirintf of One hundred Pounds for a Year, and fo aftrr that Rate for a greater or leffer Sum, or for a longer or flsoiter Term, (hill forfeit and lofe, for every fuch Offence, TrtMe the Vjlue of the Monies, Wares, Merchandif-s, and other Things fo lent, bargained, exchanged, or (hifted, with Coils of Suit; One Moiety whereof Hall be to the faid Uuj'ed One Moiety to go to Company, and the other Mciety to him or them who will the Company, and the fue lor the fame, HI the iaid Supreme Court of Jod catuie othei lo u.c i'rolecutoi, at Fort "William in Calcutta, IT in the Mayor's Court in any other of the (aid United Company's Settlements where luch Offence ftiall have be;n corr.mitted, by Action of Debt, Bill, Plaint, or Information, in which no Etfoign, Wager of Law, or Protection, (hall be allowed ; and in Cafe no fuch Alticn, Bill, Plaint, or Information, flull hive been brought and prafccuicd with Effect within Thiee Years, that then it foil and ni> be lawful to and for the Party aggrieved to fue and profecute for t Recovery rf all Sums of Money paid over and above fuch Rate of Interelt. And be it further Enacted, That no Info mer or Plaintiff Perfons making Corn- fliail or tray compound or agree with any Perfon or Perfons that pofitions contrary to th (liali offend, or (hall be furmited to offend, agatnft this AQ, for Meaning of the Act, any Offence committed, or pretended to be committed, before Anfwer made in the faid Supreme Court, un'o the Information or Suit in that Behalf exhibited or prcfeciited, nor after Anfwer, but by the Order or Confent of the faid Court, on Pain that if" any r'eifon or Perfons fhill offend in making of any Corrpofition or Agreement, contrary to the true Intent and Meaning of this Aft, or flull, by Colour or Pretence of Procefs, or without Procefs upon Colour or Pretence of any Matter of Offence sgairft this AQ, make any Composition, or take any Money, Reward, or Promife of Reward, for himfelf, or to the Ufe of any other, without Order or Conftnt of the iaid Couit; thzt then he or Hab.'e to be imvrifoied they fo offending, being thereof lawfully convicted, (hall, for jt the Difctetion of the every fuch Off? nee, be liable to be fined and imprifoned at the Court. Difcretion of rhefa-d Court. And be it Further Enacted. That, from and after the fiid Firfl Perfons who may be Day of Augufl, One thoufand Seven hundred and Seventy-four, djfmiif-d the Service or it (hal! not be lawful for any Perfon o- Perfons whatfoever, who refign &c. f-.ail have been difmified from, or ftall have voluntarilr reftgned, the Service of the (aid United Company, or for any free Merchant, free Marine-, or other Perfon, whofe Covenants or Agreements with the iaid United Company for rcfiding er tradirg in Indra (hall be expired, from thenceforih to carry on, or be in anywifc not to be concerned in concerned in, any Trade, Traffic, Mtrchandjfe, or Commerce any Traffic, other than whatfoever in the Eat Indies, other than for the Difpofal of his f'T Difpofal of Stock in or their Stock in Hand, without the Licence of the laid United Hand. Company, or the Governor General and Council of the Prefidency of Fort William in Bengal, or the P.efiient and Council at the Place or Settlement where fuch Perfon or Ptrfons lliall refidc, for that Purpofe firft had and obtained. And be further Enafttd, That it (hall and may be lawful Governor General and for the Governor General and Council of ihe faid United Com- Council may rruke fuch pany's Settlement at Fort William in Bengal, from Tirre to Regn!?iio n s as may ap- Time, to make and iffue fuch Rules, Ordinance*, znd Regula- pearjuftj tior.s, for the food Order and Civil Government of the faid United Company's Settlement at Fort \Villiam atorelaid, ar.d other Factories and Places fubordinate, or to be fubordinatc thereto, as ftiali be deimed juft and reafon^ble (fr.ch Rules, Or- dinances, and Regulations, not being repugnant to the Lawi of the Reaim), and to let, impofe., inflUt. and levy, real" Rrp.V, B flaw APPENDIX, N 70 1. Tines ind Forfeitures for the Breach or Non obfervance of fucfc which fliall not be valid Rules, Ordinances, and Regulations; but neverthelefi the fame, until dul regiftered in or any of th-m, fliall not be valid, or of any Force or Effed, the Supreme Court. uneil the fame fall be duly regiftered and publiflied in the faid Supreme Court of Judicature, which fliall be, by the faid new Charter, eftabliflied with the Confent and Approbation of the faid Court ; which Regiflry (hall not be made until the Ex- piration of Twenty Days after the fame fliall be openly pub- lifted, and a Cflpy thereof affixed in fome confpicuous Part of the Court Houfe or Place where the faid Supreme Court fhall be held; and from and immediately after inch Regiftry Appeals may be made as aforefairf, the fame mail be gcod and valid in Law: But to the King in Council, neverthelefs, it /hall be lawful for any Perfon or Pcrfons in w ho may repeal fuch India to appeal therefrom to His Majefty, His Heirs or Sue- Rules, edicts, in Council, who are hereby impowered, if they think fit, to fet afide and repeal any fuch Rules, Ordinances, and Regulations refpedlively, fo as fuch Appeal, or Notice thereof, be lodged in the faid new Court of Judicature, within the Space of Sixty Days after trie Time of the registering and pub- liming the fame ; and it fliall bs lawful for any Perfon or Perfons in England to appeal therefrom, in like Manner, within ind a Copy of ai! Regu- Sixty Days after the pubiifhing the fame in England ; and it is lations to be affixed in hereby directed and required, that a Copy of all fuch Rules, the India Houfe. Ordinances, and Regulations, from Time to Tims, as the fame fliall be fo received, fliall be affixed in fome confpicuous and public Place in the India Houfe, there to remain and be reforted to as occafion fliall requiiej yet neverthelefs fuch, Appeal fliall not obftruft, . impede, or hinder the immediate Execution of any Rule, Ordinance, or Regulation, fo made and regiftered as aforefaid, until the fame flidll appear to have been fet afide or repealed, upon the Hearing and Determina- tion of fuch Appeal. Governor General and Provided always, and be it Enacted, That the fa'd Governor Council to ttiiifmit Co- General and Council fhall, and they are hereby required, from piesof their Rules to one Time to Time, to tranfmit Copies of all fuch Rules, Ordi- nf the Secretaries of nances, and Regulations, as they fliall make and iiTue, to State j One of His Majefty's Principal Secretaries of State for the Time being; and that it fliall and may be lawful to and for His Majefly, His Heirs and Succeffors, from Time ta Time, as they fliall think neceflary, to fignify to the faid United Company, under His or Their Sign Manual, His or their Difapprobarion and Difallowance of all fuch Rules, Or- dinances, and Regulations ; and that from and immediately after the Time that f;ich Difapprobation fhall be duly legiftered and published in the faid Supreme Court of Judicature at Fort WilLam in Bengal, all fuch Rules, Ordinances, and Regu- which, if His Majefty lationsj mail be null and void; but in cafe His Majefty, His. dors not figniff His Dif- Heirs and Succeilbrs, fliall not, within the Space of Two allowance of, fliall have Years from the making of fuch Rules, Ordinances, and Re- full Force. gulations, fignify His or their Difapprobation or Difallowance thereof as aforefaid, ihat then and in that Cafe, all fuch Rules, Ordinances, and Regulations, fliall be valid and effectual and have full Force. Governor General and And be ic funher Er -afod, That the Governor Gtneral and C . u.ici, to^aai luflices Counul for the Time b ing of the faid United Company's Set- el the Peace. dement at Fort William aforefaid, and the Chief Juftice and other Judges of the faid Supreme Court of Judicature, fliall and may, and .hey are hereby refpeelively declared to be and to have full Power and Authority to aft as Juftices of the Peace for the f'ia Settlement, and for the feveral Settlements and Fartcries fuborjinatc theicto, and to do and tranfdft all Matters and Things S which. APPENDIX, N i. VnicTi to the Office of a Juftice or Juftices of the Peace do belong and appertain ; and for that Purpofe the faid Governor General and Council are hereby authorized and empowered to hold Quarter Sefllons within the faid Settlement of Fort William aforefid, Four Times in every Year j and the fame fliall be at all Times a Court of Record. And be it further Enacted, That if any Governor General, If the Governor G. Prefidenr, or Governor or Council of any of the faid Company's neral, Prefident, &c. principal or other Settlements in India, or the Chief Juftice, or commit Offence?, the any of the Judges of the faid Supreme Court of Judicature to be fame may be tried and by the faid new Charter eftablifhed, or of any other Court in any determined in the Court of the faid United Company's Settlements, or any other Perfoa of King's Bench, or Perfons who now are, or heretofore have been employed by or in the Service of the faid United Company, in any Civil or Mi- litary Station, Office, or Capacity, or who have or claim, or heretofore have had or claimed, any Power or Authority, or Ju. lifdiction, by or from th; faid United Company, or any of His Majefty's Subjects redding in India, (hall commit any OfTence againft this Aft, or /hall have been, or ihall be guilty of, any Crime, Mifderreanor, cr Offence, committed againft any of Hig Majefty's Subjects, or any of the Inhabitants of India, within their refpective Jurisdictions, all fuch Crimes, Offences, and Mifdemeanois, may be rel'pectively enquired of, heard, tried, *nd determined, in his Majefty's Court of King's Bench ; and all fuch Prrfons fo offending, and not having bten before tried for the fame Offence in India, fliall, on Conviction in any fuch Cafe as is not fpecially provided for by this Act, be liable to fuch Fine or Corporal Punifhment as the faid Court fliall think fit, and moreover mail be liable, at the Discretion of the faid Court, to be adjudged to be incapable of lerving the faid United Company in any Office, Civil or Military ; and all and every fuch Crimes, Offences, and Mifdemeanors as aforefaid, may be alleged to be committed, and may be laid, enquired of, and tried, in the County of Middlefex. And whereas the Provifions made by former Laws for the hearing and determining in England Offences committed in India, have been found ineffectual, by reafon of the Difficulty of prov- ing in this Kingdom Matters done there; be it further Enacted, That in all Cafes of Indictments or Informations, laid or exhi- * , r n j , - . . . ,-.,*-* ? v in e /! iviaTinpT or rroccdurc bited in the faid Court or King s Bench, for Mifdemeanors or /-./ - f . r Offences committed in India, it mall and may be lawful for His " ri jlV Majefly's faid Court, upon Motion to be made on Behalf of the JJ Frofecutor, or of the Defendant or Defendants, to award a Writ or Writs of Mandamus, requiring the Chief Juftice and Judges cf the faid Supreme Court of Judicature for the Time beintr, or the Judges of the Mayor's Court at Madras, Bombay, or Ben. cooien, as the Cafe may require, who are hereby refpectively authorised and required accordingly to hold a Court, with all con- venient Speed, for the Examination of Witnefles, and receiving other Proofs concerning the Matters charged in fuch Indictments or Informations refpectively, and in the mean Time to caufe fuch public Notice to be given of the holding the faid Court, .and to iflue fuch Summons or other Procels as may be requifite for the Attendance of Witnefles, and of the Agents or Coanfel, of all or any of the Parties refpectively, and to adjourn, from Time to Time, as Occafion may require; and fuch Examination as aforefaid fhall be then and there openly and publicly taken vlvd voce in the faid Court, upon the refpective Oaths of Witnefies, and the Oaths of fkilful Interpreters, adminiftered according to the Forms of their feveral Religions} and (hall, by feme fwocn Officer of fuch Court, be reduced into One or more Writing or B s Writings APPENDIX, N" i. Writings on Parchment, in cafe any Duplicate or DupKratei fhould be required by or on Behalf of any of the Parties inte- refted, and ftall be fent to His Majefty, in His Court of King's Bench, clofed up and under the Seals of Two or more of the Judges of the faid Court ; and One or more of the faid Judges fhall deliver the fame to the Agent oc Agents of the Party or Parties requiring the fame, which faid Agent or Agents (or, in cafe of his or their Death, the Perfon into whofe Hands the fame flul) come) fhall deliver the fame to one t.f the Clerks ia Court of His Majefty's Court of King's Bench in the Public Of- fice, and-make Oath that he received th fame from the Hands of One or more of the Judges of fuch Court in India (or, if fuch Agent be dead, in what Manner -the fame ci.ne into h-s Hands} ; and that the fame has not been opened or altered fince he fo received it (which faid Oath fuch Clerk in Court is hereby aurhomed and required to adminifter) : And fuch De- pofitions be'ic* duly. taken and returned, according to the true Intent and Meaning of this Aft, /hall be allowed and read, and {ha\\ be deerr.ed as good and competent Evidence as if fuch Wit- nefs had been prefeat, and fworn and examined vliia'vcce, at any Trial for fuch Crimes or Mifdemeanors as aforefaid, in His Majefly's faid Court of King's Bench, any Law or Ufage to the contrary notwithihnding ; and all Parties concerned fhall be entitled to take Copies of fuch Depofitions at their own Cofts and Charges. The Chancellor, or And be it further Enacled, That in all Cafes of Proceeding! Speaker of the Houfe of in Parliament, touching any Offences againft thi Aft, or any Commons, may iifue other Offences committed in India, it /hall and may be lawful Warrants for the Exa- for the Lord High Chancrllor or Speaker of the Houfe of Lords, mination of Witneflti and alfo for the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons for t> Time in India, which (hall te being, in like Manner to iffue his or their Warrant or "./anants deemed competent Evi- to the Governor General and Council of the faid United Com- dence to both Houfes of pany's Presidency of Fort William, and to the Chief Juftice and Pralianunt, Judges of the faid Supreme Court of Judicature, or the Judges of the Mayor's Court at Madras, Bombay, or Bencoolen, as the Cafe may require, for the Examination ofWitnefles; and fuch Examination fhall be returned to the faid Lord High Chancellor or Speaker of the Houfe of Lords, or to the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons respectively, and proceeded upon in the fame Manner, in all Refpefis, as if the feveral Din c?t ions herein-be- fore defciibed and enacted in that Behalf were again particu- larly repeated ; and every fuch Examination returned either to the Lord Chancellor or Speaker of the Houfe of Lords, or to the Speaker of the Houfe of Commons, as aforefaid, /hall be deemed good and competent Evidence, and ihall be allowed and read in both Houfes of Parliament, oreither of them refpectively, as Occafion may require j any Law or Ufage to the contrary not- withftanding. And wherea?, by the Ufage and Cuftom of Parliament, no Proceedings by Bill in Parliament, have Continuance from one Seffion to another: And whereas it would be impracticable that the Examination taken upon fuch Warrant as aforefaid, could ever be returned within the ordinary Length of a Seffion No Proceedings in of Parliament j be it Enacled, That from and after the firft Day Parliament, touching of November, One thoufand Seven hundred and Seventy- three, Offences in India, to be no Proceedings in Parliament, touching any Offence committed difcon'.inued by any Pro- or to be committed in Ind a, wherein fuch Warrant as aforefaid region. Aall have been iffued, ihall be difcontinued by any Prorogation or DifTolution of the Parliament ; but that fuch Proceedings may be relumed and proceeded upon in a fubfequent Seffion, or in a fubfequent Parliament, in either Houfe of Parliament, in li^e Manner, to all Intents and Purpofes, as th.ey might have beea APPENDIX, NO i. been in the Courfe f One and the fame Seflion ; any Law, Ufige, er Cuflom, to the contrary notwithstanding. And whereas his Majtfty's Subjects are liable to be defeated of their feveral Rights, Tides, Debts, Dues, Demands, or Suits, for which they have Caufe arifing in India againft other Subjects of his Majefty ; now, for preventing fuch Failure of Juftice, be it further Enatfed, That when and as often as the faid United \y r ; ts of Mandamus Courts at Wefiminfter, it fliall and may be lawful for fuch or Equity there. Court refpeclively, upon Motion there to be made, to provide and award fuch Writ or Writs, in the Nature of a Mandamus or Commiflion, as aforefaid, to the Chief Juftice and Judges of the faid Supreme Court of Judicature for the Time being, or the Judges of the Mayor's Court at Madras, Bombay, or Ben- eoolen, as the Cafe may require, for the Examination ofWit nefies a> aforefaid, an I fuch Examination being duly returned, frail be allowed and read, and mall be deemed good and Com- petent Evidence at any Tml or Hearing between the Patties in fuch Caufe or Action, in the fame Manner, in all Rejects, as it the feveral Directions herein -before piefcribed and enabled in that Behalf were again repeated. Provided neverthelefs, and be if EnateJ, That no fnch De- No Depositions re- petitions taken and returned as afurefaid by virtue of this Act, turned to be allowed as fliall be allowed or permitted to be given in Evidence in any Evidence, in Cafes not capital Cafes, other than fuch as /hall be proceeded againft in proceeded againft in Paj- Parliament ; any Thing in this Act contained to the contrary liament. notwithftanding. And be it further Enacted, That all and every the Rights, The Privileges of the Interefls, Powers, Privileges, and Authorities, which are now Company not hereby va- veftedin the faid United Company of Merchants trading to theEaft ried, fliall remain in Indies, and which are not hereby exprefsly taken away, altered, Force* or varied, (hall remain to and continue in the faid Company, in as full and ample a Manner, to all Intents and Purpofes what- fosver, as if this Aft had never been made. And bs it further Enaaed, That this Aft fliall l>e deemed Public A&. and taken to be a Public At ; of which Notice /hall be judi- cially taken by all Judges, Juftices, and other Perfons whatfo- ever, without ff ecialJy pleading ths fame. A P P E N" APPENDIX, N 2. APPENDIX N' 2. from tbt Court of Dincli'i of tie United dmfaiy ef Merchants cf England, trading to tbt Eajl Indies. To Warren Haftings, Efq. Governor General, Lieutenant General John Clavering, the Honourable George Monfon, Richard Barwell, Efquire, and Philip Francis, Efqaire, Councilors, conftituted and appointed the Governor Ge- neral and Council of the faid United Company's Prefidency of Fort William in Bengal, by an Aft of Parliament, parted in the laft Seflion, intituled, " An Act foreftabii/h- ' ing certain Regulations for the better Management of the Affairs of the Eaft India Company, as well in India f< as in Europe." ""THE Leglflafure of this Kingdom having ent'ufted you with the Civil and Miliiaiy Government of the faid Prefidency of Fort William, and alfo with the Ordering, Management, and Government of all the Territorial Acqulfitions and Revenues in the Kingdoms of Bengal, Babar, and Onfi'a, for the Term and in thfi Manner direfled and prefcrib-d by the faid Aft (to which yon will refer yourfelves, with refpeft to the Execution of fuch Powers, and the Obfervance of fuch Rules and Directions therein contained, are incumbent on yen to execute and per* form). We the faid Court of Directors, in virtue of the Power referred in the fa ; d Aft, whereby the faid Governor General and Council, for the Time being, are direfted and required to pay due Obedience to all fuch Orders as they (hall receive from the Court of Directors of the faid United Company, do now pro- ceed to gine you fuch Orders and Inftruclions, to be by you executed and put in Force, as appear to us the mod pruHent and effectual for the good Government and Management of the Company's Affairs in India. Harmony recomnsend- And Firft, after earnefily recommending to you the moft per- ff-.and Attention to the feft Harmony amongft yourfelves, -s an Objeft cf the higheft Prefirvation of Peace in Concern to the Profperity of the Company, and the due Execu- Jndia, and Security of tion of the great Truft repofed in you, we direft, that you fix the Company's Revc- your Attention to the Prefervation of Peace throughout India, T>ues. and to the Security o> the Poffefilons and Revenues of the Corn- pany. ir. Regulation of Pro- We direft, that you affemble in Council Twice in every eeedings of Council ; Week, and that all the Members be duly fummoned ; that the ndCorrefpondencewith Correfpondence with the Prince or Country Powers in India, Country Poweri. be carried on by the Governor General only 5 but that all Let- ters to be fent by him be firft approved ia Council, and that he J?.y befote the Council, at their next Meeting, all Letters re- reived by him in the Courfe of fuch Correfpondence, for their Information : We likewile direft, that a Copy of fuch Parts of the Country Corrtfponder.ee be communicated to our Board of Trade (to be conftituted as hereinafter mentioned) ai may any- ways relate to the Bufmefs of their Department, III. A* APPENDIX, K* 2. in. As it is now become unlawful for the Prefidents and Councils of Treaties with Indiafl our other Settlements to m.ikt PeaceorWar with any ,'ndianPow- Powers, ers, or to conclude any Treaties with fuch Powers, without your Confent or Approbation, except in Cafes of imminent Nerefiity, or where they ihall have received fpecial Orders from the Com- pany, we direct, that you attentively view the general Pofture of onr'Affairs ia India, refptcling the Country Powers, their In- terefls, and probable Connections with each other, with us, and other European Nations; and that you take fuch Mesfures as (hall, upon the Whole, be moft conducive to our general ln- tereft : And in all your Deliberations and Rtfolutions, that you make the Safety and Hrofpcrity ef Bengal your principal Object; and in all Treaties with Indian Power?, or Conventions with European Nations, \\herebyourCommerce can be affected, we dnect, that before any fuch Treaties fliall be agreed to by you, you take the Opinion of our Board of Trade thereon in Writing. IV. As the Welfare of the Company muft in a g'eat Meafure de- Eftabli/nment of ptnd en the proper Management of their Commercial Affairs >n Board of Trade, with Bengal, and particularly on receiving well-cholen Inveitments, Povrer to appoint fib- in order that thofe valuable Purpofes may be anfwered, we have ordinate Offkers. judged it expedierK toeftabh'lh a Board of Trade ; and thinking it incumbent on us to avail ourfclves of the Abilities and Expe- rience of our late Council, we therefore direct, that Samuel Mid- dleton, William Alderfey, John Reed, Philip Milner Dacres, Thomas Lane, James Lawrell, Henry Goodwin, John Gra- ham, William Lambert, George Vanfittart, and Nicholas Grueber, being our Eleven Senior Civil Servants, be our Board of Trade, for managing, conducting, and tranfatiirg our Trade and Commerce in Bengal, Bahar, and Orifla ; and we hereby empower our faid Bond of Trade to appoint fubordinate Officer* and Agents under them, from amongft our covenanted Servants only; and to fufpend or remove any luch Officers or Agents, when they fliall find it necefijry for our Intereft fo to our Sentiments at large upon the Subject. XII. Senior Member of the That in cafe of Sickn-fs of the Prefident, or of his beijiR un- Board to prefide in the avoidably prevented from attending at any Meeting of the Board Abfence of the Prefi- of Trade, the fenior Member who may then be prefent do take dent. the Chair; and that the Board do thereupon proceed to the Dif- patch of Bufinefs. XIII. Salaries of the Board That there be paid to the Prcfid-nt of our Board of Trade of Trade. 2,000 /. Sterling fer Annum, and to each of the other Mem- bers of the faid Board i,5OO/. per Annum, by quarterly Pay- ments ; which Sunns are to be in lieu of Commiffion upon the Revenues, and in full for Salary, Diet Money, and every Emo- lument, except fuch Advantages as may arife from carrying on a legal Trade, and the ufual Commiffjon to the Prefident on Copland Diamonds, which we direct to be given to him. XIV. Reqoifition for Mo- We hereby direft, that you iflue from Time to Time to our ney by the Board of Board of Trade fuch Sums of Money as they fh*ll require, in Trade to be complied order to make the ufutl Advances to the Aurungs, and for all Wll ^ neceffary Payments refpecling the Company's iDVeftment, or other Uiftuilemt-nis ia their Department. XV. We APPENDIX, No 2. XV. We direct, that in the Collection and Management of the Servants employed Jn Revenues, you continue fuch of our Servants as are or have been Collision of the Reve employed with Reputation in that Department ; ana that you nues to be continued} leave under the Direction of our Board of Trade, thofe of our and tfiofe /killed in the Servants whom they may repoit to you as flailed in the Provi- Inveftments to be under ficn of the Company's Inveftment. the Dir-clion of the XVI. Board of Trade. When you take into C .nfideration the Salaiies to be allowed Salaries to Officers in to the Officers employed in the Revenue Department, we re- the Revenue Depart- commend the flric~reft Kconomy, ?nd direct, that no greater ment tj be provifional Salaries be eftabii/hed, than the Importance of sheii teveral only. Stations may render neceHary 5 which Salaries are to be deemed piovifional oniy, until they fliall have received our Appro- bation. XVII. It is OUT Intention to conftgn all our Bengal Ships direftly to Confignments of Ships you ; but we /hall make feparate Invoices of fuch Parts of their to be made to the Go- Cargoes as may be intended for Sale, and confign the fame tp vernor General and cur Board of Trade ; who are hereby directed to apply the Pro- Council, and feparate duce thereof towards the Provifion of our Inveftment. Our Or- Invoices to the Board ders for Invpftments will be transmitted through your Hands to of Trade. our 'Board of Trade ; and if at any Time we fhould reqtiiie an Inveftment larger than your Finances may enable them to fur- nifli, you are to fignify to the faid Board of Trde, what Dimi- riution you may deem nece/Fary, and direct them to limit their Ptirchales accordingly 5 but in all Tranfaclions of this Nature, we /hall hold you rtfponfible for any Deviation from our Orders. XVIIT. We empower and direft you to enquire, from Time to Time, Proceedings of Board into the Book?, Correfpondence, Accounts, and Proceedings of O f Trade to ~be enquired our Board of Trade, in order that you may be fully informed of j nto by tne Governor the Meafures taken, and Provifions made for lading our Ships General sud Council. with proger Cargoes for Europe, and for completing fuch Car- goes in due Time ; and that you communicate to us fuch Ob- lervations as may occur to you thereon, and particularly if you fhould cbferve any Mifconducl in their Department, that you inform us thereof by the earli-t> Opportunity. XIX. " If any Member of our Board of Trade /nail appear to you guilty Members of the Board of Embezzlement of the Company's Money, er of Oppreflion, or o f Trade to be profs- of any other Breach of the Truft repofed in him by us, we di- Clit ed for Breach of reft, that you forthwith cau'e him to be profecuted for the Truft or Oppreffion. fame in the Supreme Court of Judicature to be eftabli/hed under the faid Act of Parliament. XX. If arjy of the Company's Servants, Civi! or Military (exceot Vacancies in the Ser- the Members of our Board of Trade, whom we do not make vice to be filled by Per- liable to your Sufpenlion), ftial! at any Time be fufpended by you f ons next in Rank. from the Execution of his Office, or any Vacancy /hall happen by R.efignation, or Death, it is our Order and D redlicn, that the Perion next in Rnk, Office, or Rotation, be appointed to fupply fuch Vacancy in our Civil or Military Service, until cur Pleafure /hall be known. We alfo further direc~t, That be- Accufations againft fore the Removal of any Company's Servant from any Office, Company's Servants to the Party be made acquainted, in Writing, with the Accufation be mad- in Writing- preferred againft him; that he be fummoned to make his De Time to be allowed for fence, having a reafonable Time allowed him ;t rihat Purpofe; and Defence; and all Pro- that you proceed on all fuch Occafions with the greatet Tender- ccedings to be tranfmk- nsfs and Circumfpeclion ; and we further direct, That all fuch ted to Euio^e. Charges made before you, againft any of our Servants in your R". V. C Depart- APPENDIX, N. 2. Department, with all Proceedings thereon, be regularly entered upon your Confutations, and with them tranfmitted to us. XXI. AflJftance to be given As it hath frequently Happened, in our Intercourfe with the to Board of Trade lor native Manufacturers of Bengal, that by reafon of Advances recovering Debts due to made to them at the Beginning, they have been largely indebted the Company. to us at the Clofe of the Seafon, it is our exprefs;DirecHon, That you afford effectual Afliftance to our Board of Trade for obtain- ing full Payment of all outftanding Debts due from the Natives of Bengal to the Company, upon Application made by our Board of Trade to you for ihat Purpi fe. xxn. Agents of Foreign And as the Agents f Foreign Companies, Free Merchantr, Companies, Free Mer- and others, may greatly embarrafs our Board of Trade in the chants, and others, to Provifion of our Inveftments, by obtaining f?om the Company's be prevented from em- Manufacturers the Goods manufactured by means of our Ad- barrafling the Board of vances ; we aired!, That you forthwith form Aich Regulations, Trade. as fhall effectually guard our Property againft Attempts of this Nature. XXIII. Eleven Senior Ser- We direct, That fo foon as poflible after the Arrival of thefe vants to be fummoned our Orders and Inftruclions at Fort William, you fummon to Calcutta ; and Copy Samue.1 Middleron, William Alderfey, John Reed, Philip of Inftructions to be de- Milner Dacres, Thomas Lane, James Lawrell, Henry Good- livered to them. win, John Graham, William Lambert, George Vanfutart, and Nicholas Grueber, being our Eleven Senior Civil Servants, to affemble within Thirty Days at Calcutta ; and that you deliver to them an authenticated Copy of thefe our Inftructions ; and it w our Order, That our faid Servants, immediately upon Receipt of fuch Copy, do forthwith proceed to carry into Execution fuch Parts as any ways relate to the Eftablifhment or Conduct of a Boaid of Trade in Bi/igal. XXIV. Co vernor General and Having thus communicated to you our Ideas on the Subject of Council to give A/Mance the Company's Invcftments, under the Direction of a Board of to the Board of Trade. Trade, we moft earneftly recommend, That you cordially unite with our Servants in that Department, and that you afford them every Afliftance in your Power, in order to enable them to anfwer the eflential Purpr.fes intended by their Appointment. XXV. Europeans not to ex- As we have never permitted our Governor and Council, or ercife any Office in the our Select Committee in Bengal, to admit Europeans into our Company's Service, on- Service, unlefs by the Appointment of the Court of Directors; lefs authorized by the nor to licenfe Free Merchants, Free Mariners, or others, to Court of Directors. refide in India ; we exprefsly direct, That you do not, on any Account, or under any Pretence whatfoever, fuffer any Euro- pean to hold any Poft, or to exercife any Office in our Service, Civil or Military, who fhall not have been appointed cr admitted into the Company's Service by the exprefs Authority of the Court of Directors. XXVI. Copies r,f fuch Parts You will obferve, that by the before-mentioned Act, you are of Letters or Advices as required to correfpond with the Court of Directors, from Time are to be delivered to to Time, and conftantly and diligently to-tranfmit to them ex- the Lords of the Trea- aft Particulars of all Advices or Intelligence, and of all Tranf- lury, or Secretary of actions and Matters that ftal! come fo your Knowledge, relating State, are to be tranf- to the Government, Commerce, Revenues, or Ir.tstefr of the muted to the Court of Company ; and that the Court of Diredors are required, within Directors by every Ship. Fourteen Days after the Receipt of any fuch Letters or Advices, to deliver in to the Lords of the Treafury, a Copv of fuch Parts of the faid Letters or Advices as fhall any way rehte to the Ma- nagement of the Company's Revenues] and in like Manner, to deliver APPENDIX, N 2. deliver in to One of His Majefty's Princ'pal Secretaries of State, a Copy of all fuch Parts of the faid Letters and Advices as fhall any way relate to their Civil and Military Affairs and Government: Jo order, therefore, to enabJe us to comp'y with the Directions of the (aid Aft, we hereby order and direct, That you tranfmit to us, by every Ship, an exact Copy, and a Duplicate by the rext Conveyance, of all fuch Parts of your Letters and Advices, as are by this Law directed to be delivered to the Lords of the Treafury, and to His Majefly's Secretary of State refpeftively ; and that every Copy and Duplicate be authenticated under the Hnds of the Governor General and Council. XXVII. In your Correfpondence with the Court of Directors, it is our Intelligence refpefting Order, That the moft regular and precife Intelligence be from Foreign Companies to Time to time communicated, refpefting the Commerce, the DC communicated. Number of Forces, and the general Strength, of all Foreign Companies in India; and fuch Intelligence muft, fo far as it is practicable, be continued by every Britilh Ship which (hall fail for Europe, XXVIII. Our Military Expences at Bengal having increafed to a Degree Military E*pences to which is become infuppurtable to us, we in an efpetial Manner be enquired into, and enjoin you to make ftrift Enquiry into theCaufesof luch Increafe, fuperfioous Charges if- and par'rcularly into the Number of Lafcars, Draught Bullocks, trenched, and Boats kept for the Ufe of theAimyj into Contrails for fupplyi/ig the Ti oops with Provisions, and into all contingent Charges; and we direct, that you forthwith retrench every fu- perfluous Charge, and reduce every incidental Expen.e to the loweft Sum potfible. XXIX. - Having found it neceffary to limit exprefsly the Charges of Annual Expence of erecting, repairing, or completing Fortifications, Barracks, and public Buildings reftnft- all other Public Buildings in Bengal and i's Dependencies, to the ed to One hundred thou- Annual Sum of One hundred thoufand Pounds Sterling, and fand Pounds Sterling ; having given Orders to cur Govern, r and Council to that Pur- and Accounts of Expcn- pofe, we hereby confirm our faid Orders, and direct that you, diture to be fent to the on no Account or Pretence whatever, permit more than the faid Court of Directors. Sum to b: annually expended on the above-mentioned Services; and that the keeping of our Fortifications and public Works inj a defenfible State and Condition, be firft confidered in the Ex- penditure thereof, un:il a further Reduction can take Place ; and that a ve'y exact and particular Account of fucb Expendi- ture be tranfmi'ted to us by every Opportunity, with your Sen- timents and Obfervations minutely on the State of the faid \Vciks and Fortifications, XXX. As in ptirfuance of the Aft of Parliament, a Supreme Court Orders relative to the of Jucicature, confiftirg of a Chief Juftice and Three other Supreme Court of Judi- Judges, is intended to be erefted at F -rt William in Bengal, to catur? ; and to tiie frtt exerci.e and perform all Civil, Criminal, Admiralty, and EC- of the Clerks and Ali- dcfi.utical (urifciirlion at the faid Prefidency ; we direct, that niflerial Officers, upof. the Efrabhflimer.t of futh Court, you give all nccefiary AlTjftnnce to the Judges; that you provide a G>urt-houfe, and proper Offices for luch Clerks and mimfterial Officers as fliall be appointed by them ; and when the Fees to be payable to the Officers of the Sujreme Couit are fixed, we direct, That yo'i Cauf? Tables thereof to be hung up in the moft public Places, in the dirrertnt Languages of the Country ; that no Perfon lake more than fuch Fees, upon Pain of b-ing difmifferl; and vmi will take into Confideration the Amount of thole Ft:?, in p- proving the Salaries of the refpecUvc OfEcers j and you are to C a tranfmit APPENDIX, No 2. tranfmit to us, fo r oon as poffible, a particular Account of fuch, Salaiies and Fees. xxxr. Salaries to be paid to We direct, That you doly pay to the Governor General, to the Governor General each of the Council, to the Chief Juftice, and to each of the and Council, and to the Judges, the fevers! Salaries eftab'ifhed by the faid Act ; obferv- Judges and Officers of ing at the fame Time, that thofe ample Salaries given to them the Court of Judicature, by Parliament, are to be in lieu of all Fees of Office, Pe'quifites, Emoluments, cr Advantages whatfoever, and therefore that we are not to be at any further Expenc;- on their Account: and as the Officers of the Court are to be allowed fuch Salaries a< fhall be approved by the Governor General and Council, we recom- mend ihe ftriaeft Frugality in that Rtfpect j and direct, that no preaier Allowances be made to any of them, than their re- fpective Sutions fhall require. XXXII. GovernorHafting'.and B'.r, in confederation cf our Refect for Warren Haftings, the Prelident of Board Efquir?-, we direct, that he continue to enjoy our principal Houfe, of Trade, to b. allowed together with the PI ,tend Fumi'ure, both in Town and Coun- Company's Houfes. try, Rent-free ; and that our Prefident of the Board of Trade AMI, in like Manner, have his Choxe of the next brft Houfc belonging to the Company, without tfce Payment of any Rent. xxxfii. D j f TlnnA ^ S tne Reduction of our Debt on Bond or Jntereft Notes in DebtlnB^y refom Bengal, is of the ,tmoft Conference to out Pn.fp.rity, we re- i , commend it to you, to pay every Attention to this Obi?ct, con- fiftent with the Safety and Protection of cur Polleffiom, and with the Requifitious that mall be made to you fof^our Invert- ments. XXXIV. Lands and Farms to The Lands and Farms of the Provinces of Bengal, Bahar, and be continued on Leafe; Orifla, having been already let by our Governor and Council, and no Abatement of an<1 chieHy upon Leafe for a Term of Years, we have approved Rent to be made, with- of tlie Conducl of our faid Governor arid Council in letting out the Lictfnfe of the them ; and in cafe it (hould happen that any Lands or Farms Governor General and fall to the Company before the Expiration of the Time for which Council. ^ e y h ave b ee n let, our Order is, That you advertife for P/opofals, and proceed in ths fame Manner to relet fuch Lands and Farms as hath heretofore been done, to the highfft Bidders, who may be able to give good Security for the Performance of their En- gagements. And it is our Order and Direction, thst no For- bearance of Rent be permitted when due, nor any Diminution or Abatemei*: of Revenue made, until, upon full Reprefenta- tion'to you of all Circumilances wjiich may entitle any Farmer to Indulgence, the Collectors of Revenue (hall have obtained your Licence for temporary Forbearance, or for the abfolute KemifTion of any Part of our Rents or Revenues ; and we alfo dbe^t, that fuch Licence do fpecify the Reaf>n for every Indul- gence or RemiiTion, the Name of the Peifon to whom made, me grofs Airountof the Farm rented, and the fpecifk Sum or Sums received for or in lieu of the whole 5 and it is our further Pleafure, that * regular Account be kept of all Sums finally re- mitted to Renters, and that you irani'mir fuch Account to us annually, under the Head of Abatements to Farmers ; accompa- nied with the general Rent-roli cf the Provinces, for the Year io which fuch Abatements may be made. XXXV. >l:r-.uiry to be maae We direct, That you immediately caufe the ftricted Enquiry into raft Opprefliont, to be made into all OppiefTions which mjy have been commit- nd Regulations to be ted either againft the Natives or Europeans, and into all Abufes to med tor preventing that may have prevailed in the Collection of the Revenues, or Juiure Abufj. any Part of the Civil Government of the Prefidency j and that you APPENDIX, N 2. you communicate to us all Information which you may be able to obtain relative thereto, or to any D.fiipation or Embezzlement of the Company's Money; and that you (o foon as poflible form fuch Regulations as fhall feem moft effectual for the Remedy thereof, and for regulating the Police of the Country ; paying th* grratfft Attention therein to the Protection and Welfare of the Natives, and to His Majefty's European Subjects, as well as to the Intereft cf the Company. XXXVI. As all the Company's Bufmefs, whfeh can conveniently be lu me juwcii, f.-uvmsv, fuf.kient Security fliall be offered for cio "e Performance j and that all fuch Propofals, with all Proceedings thereon, be entered in a Buck, to be kept apait for thatPurpofe, ar.d itrgularly tranfrniued to us. XXXVII. In tranfacting the Bnfineis of your Department, it is our Or- All Proceedings and der, that you enter, with the utmoft Pe.-ipicuity and Exactnefs, DifTents to be entered upon Confuhatt.ns, or Minutes of Council, all your Proceedings on Confutations, and whatfoever, and all DifTer.r.s, if fuch /hou'd at any Time be made tranfmitted to the Court by any Member of your Boaid ; together with all Letters re- of Directors, ceived and fent in the Courfe of your Correfponciencej and that broken Sets of all fuch Proceedings, to the lateft Period poflible, be tranfmitted to us by every Ship ; a complete Set at the End of every Year: and a DupUate by the next Conveyance. XXXVIII. We direct that all Monies which may aiife from our Reve- New Committee of rues, or be recehfd by yen on OUT Account, be fecured under Treafury ro be appoint- Three Locks as ufjal; that the Keys b? kept by the Governor ed, and all IlTues of General, and fuch other Members cf Council as you fhall ap- Money to be made b point, who fhall bs a Committee of Tre*fury ; that exact Par- Warrant of Governor liciildrs of all Monies paid into our Treafury be firft regularly en- General and Council tered on jrour Confutations, fpecifying from whom received, and on what Account ; and that all Ifl'ues of Money from our faiJ Treafury be made Ivy Warrant under your Hands, directed to the Committee of Treafury, and nototherwife. That all Applications for Money be made to you in Writing; Paymafters and other and that all J'aymaflers, and other Perkins, who may apply for Perfons applying for Ad- Money in Advancr, do at the f^rr.e Time fpcify whether they vances, to fpecify what have any of the Company's Money in Hand, and to what Cafh they have in Hand Amount; and alfo trie particular Services to which the Money before the Application applied for is intended to be appropriated; and it is ourexprefs b e complied with. Order, that no Advance be made from the Treafury upon any Application which fhail be deficient in any of the Circumftances abovementionrd. And we direct, that the Committee of Trea- fury pr-pare exact Account-, monthly, of all Monies received and iffutd by that Board; that the Monies in the Treafury be viewed monthly by thofe Members of the Council who may not be of the Committee of Treafury ; and that they compare the Cafh in the Treafury with ths Balance of the faid Committee's Accounts, and report their Proceedings to the Council at large; and we alfo direct that the faid Accounts, and Copies of all Re- ceipts and Wjrrants, be tranfmitted to us by every Opportunity for our Information. XXXIX. It is alfo our exprefs Direction, That you not only ftrictly attend Former Orders of the to the (landing Orders of the Company, communicated to their Company to be ftriaiv rrefMency of Fort VvMl-'irfi, but to ail fuch Orders and Inflruc- attended to and carried tiont as the Coutt oi Directors have rranfmitted to the Governor int Execution ,nd Council, or Seled Committee of the faid PreCdency ; and in an efpecial Manner ,o thofcwh ich any ways relate to forming proper Statements of our Revenues, and to the keeping of our Tre.furt Accounts; and if any of our Orders remain unexecuted you a," to take care that the fame be carried imo Execution, in every Inftance, wherein tbey have not been annulled by the before-mentioned Aft of Parl.ament, or fuperfeded by our prefent Orders and Inftruflions. Yonr Opinions are defired, whether thefe Inftruclion, are legal, and M* with the Provifions of the Aft of Parliament of the 1310 of Hit prefent Majefty, Cb. 63- We are of Opinion, thefc Inirruflions are legal, and confiflent with the Provifions of the Adi of Parliament of the J3th of His piefent Majefty, Ch. 63. Ja. Wallace, Rd Jackfon, lith January 1774. J. Skynner, J.Dunnine, C. Sayer. " APPENDIX, N 3. Extrtfl ef tie Company's General Letter to Bengal, dated the a8/ Atgufl 1771. Pr. 3. "\T 7"E therefore ejpecl and require you to be attentive to the Condoft of our W Servants who ftiall be appointed Rcfidents at your Subordinates; and if any of them ihall appear to have afted contrary to our Pleafure (which you are to fig- mify to^them) in this Refpeft, and involved us in any Expence not abfolutely neevflary for carrying on our Cominercial Concerns, we require you to fufpend fuch Perfons our Service, and inform us of the Nature and Extent of their Offences, that tbey may receive fiom us fuch further Punifliosent as their Difobedience (hall delerve. Letter from the Court of Direfiori to Governor Hajiirgs, December l$tb, 1771. Warren Haflings, Efquire, our Prefident and Governor of Bengal. 1. Notw'rhftanding we have fo often exprefled, to the fuccefli^e Governors and Coun- 77i Your loving Friends, Peter Du Cane, Ju n r, J. Purling, John Harrifon, Geo. Dudley, H^-nry Savage, H. Fletcher, Robt Gregory, J. Hurlock, Edwd Wheler, Jn<> Woodhoofe, John Roberts, Daniel Wier, J. Manfhip, \Vm Jarr.es, George Cunvng, J n Michie, L, Sulivin, Jofljua Smith. Frcdk Pigou. APPENDIX, N 4. ExtraEl of tie Company's Central Letter to Bengal, dated tie ^tb dj>nl, 1773. Par. 18. Having, as we conceive, fully invefligated the Caufes of the Failure of our Investments in Goodncfs, Price, and Qu'anti-y, and, much to our Concern, proved alfo that almoft emy Stream has been polluted, we now arm you with our full Powers, to make a complete Reformation. The T.flc we are fenfible will be arduous but we rely on your Zeal for the Service of the Company ; and as we havr the Satisfaction to aflure ourfelves that you will not mifufe the Powers we have delegated to you, we hefuate not to promife you our entire Support and Protection. APPENDIX, N 4. Litter from the Court of Dlreflort to Gsvernor Haflingt, Afril i6ib, 1773. Warren Haflings, Efquire, our P'efiJent and Governor of Bengal. t. TTTE have received by the Nottingham your Letter addreffed to our Secret Com- VY mittee, dated at Cofljmbozar, the ift September 17715 informing us of the Meafores you had adopted for carrying into Execution the Orders of the Secret Com- roitiee, dated 8th Auguft 1771, and of the Arrangements and Regulations which you deemed neceflary for the Public Peace and Welfare of the Provinces. And Although the Public Records, to which you refer us, are not come to hand, we aflure you that fo far as we are enabled to judge of your Proceedings by your own Letter, and by that our Council received by the fame Conveyance, they appear to us in. the mod favourable Light; the Steps you have taken judicious, and indeed the whole of your Conduct feems to have fully juftified the Choice of the Secret Committee, who entrufled to your Ma- nagement the Execution of a Plan of the utmoft Importance. 2. We have been long fcnfible of the utter Impropriety of lodging in absolute Power in the Hands of Mahomrd Reta Ca-vn, but the Remedy was not without its Difficulties ; we truft the Evil is on the Point of being eradicated. Inconveniencics generally attend great and fudden Alterations ; but we dare fay that your Agency will render them as few, as temporary, and as light as poflible. 3. Although you will obferve, that fundry Changes have Jately taken Place in the Di- reftion of the Company's Affairs at Home, thofe Changes will not in the leaft affect the Meafurcs in which you are engaged ; on tho contrary, we take this early Opportunity not only for teftifying our entire Approbation of your Conduct, but of alluring you of our firmed Support in acccmplifhir.g the Work you have fo fuccefsfully commented ; and we doubt not but it will ifiue in the Deliverance of Bengal from Oppre.Tion, in the Eftabiiih- ment of our Credit, Influence, and Intereft in India, and confequently in every Advan- tage which the Company or the Nation may juftly expect from fo important a Tranf- action. ) 4. As yon have diflinftly marked in your Letter thofs Objcfls cf Enquiry and Regu- lation which we fhould olherwife have pointed out to you, we afture ourfelves that you will profecute your Enquiries with Sleadinefs, Impartiality, and to full Effect ; notwith- ftanding the many Difficulties and Temptations which we are fenfible may be thrown in the Way of Perfon* engaged in Enquiries of this Nature, in on'.er to weaken their Zeal for the Public Good, and to render their Endeavours ineffectual for the great Purpofes of Reformation. 5. Your Attention to the Settlement of the Revenues, as a primary Object, has our entire Approbation ; and it 5s with the utmoft Satisfaction we obferve, that the farming Syftem will be generally adopted, more efpecially as the Refearches and Difcoveries made in the Two preceding Years muft have nearly afcertained the Value and Produce of the Lands, fo that Impolitic* on the Part 'of the Farmers, refpecting the Value of the Lands and Opprefiion of the Tenants, may, we hope, be eafily avoided. 6 Th 6 APPENDIX, N" 4; 6. The Extirpation of Mahtnud Reza Khan's Influence was abfolutely necelTary; and the apprehending of Shitabroy equally fo, as the latter had been too long connected with Mahmud Reza Khan to be independent of him ; bu: if that had not been the Cafe, it would have been abfurd to continue a Naib Dewan in the Province of Bihar, after abo- lilhing that Office in Bengal : And as to any Hopes which Mahmud Reza Khan may en- tertain of profiting by Changes in the Court of Directors, thofe Hopes muft fpeedily vani/h ; for however different their Sentiments may be in feme Particulars, they heartily concur in the Propriety and Neceffity of fatting him afide, and of putting the Admini- flration of the Company's Affairs in the Hands of Pcrfons who may be renoeted refpon- fible in England for their Conduft in India. 7. Your Choice of the Begum for Guardian to the Nabob, we entirely approve; tbe Ufe you intend making of Nundcomar is very proper; and it affords us great Satisfaction to find, that you could at once determine to fupprcfs all perfonal Refentment, when the public Welfare feemed to clafli with your private Sentiments relative to Nundcomar. 8. Weobferve with great Pleafure the Teftimonial given by you of Mr. Middleton ; you will affure him of our intire Approbation of his Conduft on this Occafion. And as the Committee have concurred heartily in fupporting a Meafure which, in the Courfe of Debate, the Ma'orr.y had ftrenuoufly oppofed, we cannot be diffatijfied with their Con- duft, un'.efs the Perufal of their Deoatet fhould oblige us to alter our Opinion reflecting them. 9. As the Shortnefs of our Time will not permit us to be more particular, we can only repeat to you our Afiurances of Protection and Support, in carrying into full Execution the Arrangements you have fo happily begun ; and as we defire particularly that you will diftinguifh and encourage Merit wherever you find it, fo do we moft ftrictly conjure yosi not to fuffer Rank, Station, or any Connexion or Consideration whatever, to deter you from bringing every Oppreffion to Light, and every Offender, Native or European, to condign Punishment. 10. If the Abolition of the Office of Naib Dewan, and flepping forth as Principals, fhould in any Degree alarm your European Neighbours, we rely on your Piudence for re* moving every improper Jealoufy that may be entertained on this Account. 11. Notwithftanding this Letter is figned by us the Court of Directors, we mean it as fecret, and tranfmit it confidentially to you only ; and we leave it to your Difcretion to lay the Content::, or any Part thereof, before the Council, if Circumflances fliuuld in your Opinion render it neceffary, or if you fhould judge it for our Intereft Ib to do, and not otherwife. We are London, Your loving FiiendF, tre i6fh April, 7773. George Tatem, Rd Hall, HT Crabb Boultcc, Edwi Wheler, Daniel Wier, Jn" M.chie, John Woodhoufe, John Harrifon, Samuel Peach, Wra fames, Jo'eph Sparks, Jn" Hawkefworth, T. B. Rons, Frecik Pigou, Peter Du Cane, Tun*. Peter Lafcel es, John Smith, Heny Fletcher, Cha* Chambers, J'Jn', Cna- Eoddam. Ltt:rr frcru G&trr.or Hajiixgs to tie Secret Csmrnitttt of tbe Court cf Direfljri. C, flimbuzar, jft September, 1772. To the Secret Commifee of (he Honourable Court of Direifhns, for the Affairs of the Honourable United Faft India Company. Genrlemrn, Pra. i. This accompanies a Duplicate of my Letter of th* 14th April laff. 2. Since that Date I have duiy received the Duplicate rni Triplicate of your Commands f the 28th Auguft, 1771. 3. The iirimedidte Departure of the ColcLrroke, which failed (as I recolleft) the Day after my Letter of th? *ij.:h April had reached her, prevented my givic; you further In- RTP. V, t) ul'iijcaec APPENDIX, N" 4. felligence of the IfTue of the Meafuies which I had taken for the Arreft of Mahmucl RigzaCawn. As your Commands were prcremprory, and addreffed to myfelf alone, I carefully concealed them from every Penbn except Mr. Middleton, whofe Affiftance was neccfl'^ry for their Execution, until I was informed by him that Mahmud Rizza Cawn was actually in Arreit, and on his Way to Calcutta. To have confulted the Board on a Point on which your authoritaive Commands had left me without a Choice, or to have defired their Affiftance when 1 had fuffieient Power to ad without it, would have been equally improper. But I will confef* that there weie other cogent Reafons for this Referve. I was yet but a Stranger to the Characters and Difpofition of the Members of your Admm'.rtration. I knew that Mahmud Rizza Cawn had enjoyed the Sovereignty of this Province for Seven Years part ; had poflefTed an allowed annual Stipend of Nine Lacks of Rupses, the uncontrolled Difpcfal of Thirty-two Lacks entrufted to him for the Ufe of the Nabob, the abfohite Command of every Branch of the Nizamut, and the chief Authority in the Dewannee. To 1'peak more plainly, he was in every Thing but the Name, the Nazim of the Province, and in real Authority more than the Nazim, I couM not fuppofe him fo inattentive to his own Security, nor fo ill vcrfed in the Maxims of Eaftern Policy, as to have neglected the due Means of efrabliihing an Intereft with (uch otth Company's Agents, as by actual Authority, or by Reprefentation to the Honourable Company, might be able to promote or obftruct his Views. I chofe, therefore, to avoid the Riik of an Oppofition, to put the Matter beyond Difpute, and then to record what I had done. The fame Reflections occurred to me when I propofed to entruft Mr. Middleton with the Execution of your Commands, which might with more Cerainty have been effected by an Order to the Commanding Officer of the Brigade Rationed at Burrampoor; but th:s would have been productive of much Difturbance. I was convinced that I might fecurely rely on Mr. Middleton, and his Behaviour juftified that Confidence. Indeed I am bound in Juftice to bear the fame Teftirnony to his faithful Attention to your Interefts, in many other Inftances which I have had Occafion to experience of his fubfequent Conduct, in which he has fliewn himfelf a zealous Afferter of your Rights, and a Supporter of the Authority of your Government. 4. Your Public Records will inform you that Mahmud Rizza Cawn was brought without Delay to Calcutta, where he has been detained ever fmce in an eafy Confinement ; that it was judged advifeable and confident with the Tenor of your Commands, that Rajah Shitab Roy fhould be arrefted, and brought likc\\ ife to Calcutta. For the Parti- culars of thefe Tranfaftions, and the Debates concerning them, I beg leave to refer you to the Proceedings themfelves which will better exp'ain than 1 can, the Motives which influenced the Refolutions of the Board, and the Opinions of the different Members upon them. Something more may be neceflary to be faid concerning my own Conduct, which, at it was grounded folely on the fecret Inftruftions which you had been pleafed to give me for my Guidance, become a proper Subject of this Addrefs. 5. It may at firft Sight appear extraordinary that Mahmud Rizza Cawn and Rajah Shitab Roy have been fo long detained in Confinement without any Proofs having been obtained of their Guilt, or Mejfures taken to bting them to a Trial. Very valid Reafons for this Delay have been afh'gned in our Minutes. I beg leave to call to your Recollection, that by a ftrange Concurrence of unforefeen Caufe?, your Adminiffration had at this Time every Object that could engage the Care of Government, War only excepted, all demanding their inftant Attention; the Settlement of the Revenue of Bengal the Difmiflion of the Naib Dcwan and Naib Subah of the Provinces the Enquiry into his Conduct for a Courfe of Years preceding the Difmiffion of the Naib Dewan of Bahar, and Enquiry into his Conduct the Eftablifhment of the Dewannnee on the Plan d!re8ed by the Honourable Company the Arrangement of the Nabob's Houfehold the Reduction of his Allowance and Expences the Eftablifhment of a regular AdminiOration of Juftice throughout the Province the Infprdtion and Reforma- t'on of the Offices at the Prefidency and, independent of all thele, the ordinary Duties of the Pefidency, which, from the amazing Growth of your Affairs, were of themfelves fnfficient to occupy the whole Time and Application which we could bcftow upon them, and even more than we could bcftow, from the Want of a regular Syftem, the natural Confequence of the Rapidity with which thefe Affairs have accumula-ed. So circum- ftanced, we were un^er an abfolute Necfflity to leave many Affairs fufpended, that we might give due Difpatch to the reft. The firft in immediate Confequence claimed our immediate Regard : This was the Scttlemen; of the Revenue. It vas late in the Seafoji j APPENDIX, NO 4. Seafon 5 the Lands had fuffered unheard-of Depopulation by the Famine nd Mortality of 1769; the Collections, violently krpt up to their former Standard, had added to the Diftrefs of the Country, and threatened a general Dcc?y of the Revenue, unlefs imme- diate Remedies were applied to prevent it. The farming SyStem, /or a Courfe of Vc-a-s fubj&ed to proper Checks and Regulation!, feemed the moft likely to afford Rt li?f to the Country, and both to afceitjin and produce the real Value of the Lands without Violence to theRoiais. Jt was therefore relblved, that this Bufmefs fliould fuft take Place j and it was deemed neceflary for this Furpofe, that a Committee, compofed cf the Members of the Council, mould be appointed to carry it into Execution. The Arrange- mcnt of the Dewannee, and the Regulation of the Nabob's Household, were added to ;he Charge of the Committee ; and as thefe comprehended the moft valuable Farts of your Concerns, it was thought proper that I, as Pefident, Should be joined with it. This rendered it neceffary to fufpend the Trials of Mahmud Rizza Cawn and Rajih Shitab Roy, and this Reafon is afltgned for it in our Minutes. Neither Mahmud Rizza Cawn, nor Rajah Shitab Roy, complain of the Delay as a Hardship. Perhaps all Parties, as is ufuaJ in moft Cafes of a public Concern, had their fecret Views, which on this Occafion, though oppoSite in their Direction, fortunately concurred in the fame Points. Thefe had con- ceived Hopes of a Relaxation of the Company's Orders ; Mahmud Rizza Cawn had even buoyed himfelf up with the Hopes of a Restoration to his former Authority by the Intereft of his Friends, and a Change in the Direction ; and his Letters, and the Letters of his Dewan to the City, declared thefe Expectations. I pretend not to enter into the Views of others 5 my own were thrfe : Mahmud Rizza Cawn's Influence ftill prevailed gene- rally thoughout the Country j in ihe Nabob's Houfehold, anJ at the Capita), it wat fcarce affected by his prefent Difgrace; his Favour was ftill courted, and his Anger dreaded ; Who, under fuch Discouragement?, would g've Information or Evidence againft him ? His Agents and Creatiues filled every Office ot the Nizamu: and Dewannee} how was the Truth of his Conduct to be investigated by thefe ? !t would be Superfluous to add other Arguments to mew the Neceflity of prefiing the Enquiiy by breaking his Influence, removing his Dependants, and putting the Directions of all the Affairs which had been committed to his Care, into the Hands ot the moft powerful or active of his Enemies. With this View too, the Institution of the new Dewannee obvioufly coincided. Thefe were my real Motives for portioning the Enquiry. Whether my Precautions will have their Effect, is yet a Question of Doubt. 6. The fame Principles guided me, though not uninfluenced by other Arguments of great Force, in the Choice of Munny Begum, the Widow of the Nabob Mcer Jaffisr, and of Rajah Goondafs, the Son of Mahrajah Nundcomar, the former for the Chief Admini- ftration, the latter for the Dewannee of the Nabob's Houfehould ; both the declared Ene- mies of Mahmud Rizza Cawn. To the latter, indeed, 1 was principally inclined by your Commands; and I hope it will appear that 1 have adopted almoft the only Expedient in which they could be exactly fulfilled. You diredej that " if the Affiftance and Informa- " tion of Nundcomar ih, old be fervicrable to me in my investigating the Conduct of " Mahrnud Rizza Cawn, I fliouid yield him fuch Encouragement and Reward as hil " Trouble, and the Extent of his Services, may de:erve."l here is no Doubt that Nunacomar is capable q/atrording me great Service, by his Information and Adke; but it is on his Abilities, and on the Activity cf his Ambition and Hatred to Mahmud Rizza Cawn, that I depend for investigating the Conduct of the latter; and by eradicating his Influence, lor confirming the Authority which you have all'umed in the Administration of ' the Affairs of this Country. The Reward which has been afiigned htm will put it fully in his Power to anfwer thefe Expectations, and will be an Encouragement to him to exert all his Abihiies for the Accomplishment of them. Had I not been guarded by the Caution which you have been pleated to enjoin me, yet my own Knowledge of the Character of Nundcomar would have retrained me from yielding him any Trnft or Authority, which could prove detrimental to the Company*'* Intereft. He htmielf has no Truft or Authority, but in the Afcendancy which he naturally pofJefles over his Son. An Attempt to abul'e the Favour which has been (hewn him, cannot efcape unnoticed} and if detected, may ruin all his Hopes. The Son is of a Difpo- fition very unlike his Father ; placid, gentle, and without Difguife : From him there can be no Danger. 7. You will perceive by the Records, that this Appointment has not taken place without Oppofition from a Majority of the Gentlemen who form the Committee now at this i'Uce. I know not whether you will approve or dilapprove of the Silence which [ > ^ . have APPENDIX, N 4 . J> obferveJ, with refpeft to your Orders, in the Arguments which I have ufed in Support of my Recommendation. My Reafon was, that I thought the Meafute in itfelf to pioper, that I did not douLt of its receiving the Confirmation of the Board at large; andunlefs fome material Advantage could be gained by it, I did not think myfelfat Liberty to divulge your fecret Commands. I am at this Time moft firmly perfuaded, that no other Meafure whatever would have been likely to prove fr> effVclual, either for promoting the Enquiry which you have directed, or giving Strength and Duration to the nsw Syftem. 8. 1 hope I fliall not appear to aflame too much Importance, in fpeaking thus much of myfelf, in Justification of the Motives which led me to this Recommendation : That'l had no Connexion with Nundcomar or his Family prior to the Receipt of your Letter by the Lapwing; that on the contrary, from the Year 1759, to the Time when J left Bengal in 1764., I was engaged in a continued Oppofition to the Interefts and Dtfjgns of that Man, becaufe I judged him to be adverfe to the Welfare of my Em- ployers 5 and in the Courfe of this Contention, I received fufficient Indications of his 111 will to have made me his irreconcilable Enemy, if I could fuffer my Paflions to fuperffde the Duty which I owe to the Company : My Support of Nundcomar on the prefent Occafion could not therefore proceed from Partiality. It will be as obvious, that my Preference of him to other Competitors could not arife from intfrefted Mo- tives. I may be charged with Inconfiftency; but the Reafons which I have urged in the Minutes of the Committee, in fupport of this Meafure, will, I truft, acquit me to my Honourable Employers; and if my Conduct fliall ftand the Teft of their Judg- ment, it ii a Point of Duty to bear with the Reproaches of the uninformed Part of the World. To the Service of the Company, and to your Commands, I have facrificed my own Feelings (pardon the Prefumption of this Repetition) ; and I have combated thofe of others joined with me in the Adminiftration of your Affiirs. 1 claim your Appro- bation of what I have done, not as a Recompence of Integrity, but as the Confirma- tion of the Authority which you have been pleafed to confide in me, and of your own, which is involved in it. 9. I with Pleafure do Juftice to the Committee, in declaring that, ftrenucufly as they oppofcd the Meafure while it was a Point of Debate, it had no fooner received the Sanction of your Council, than they all concurred with me in fupportmg both that and the other Resolutions which were connected with it, as fteadily as if they had never diflented from it. Jo. The Appointment of Munny Beeum I believe will require no Apology. It wa unanimoufly approved ; and if 1 can be a Judge of the public Opinion, it is a Mea- fure of general Satisfaction. Ii. The only Man who could pretend to fuch a Truft was the Nabob Yeteram o* Kowlah, the Brother of Meer Jaffier j a Man indeed of no dangerous Abilities, nor apparent Ambition, but the Father of a numerous Family ; who, by his being brought fo nigh to the Mnfnud, would have acquired a Right of Inheritance to the Subahfhip ; and if only one of his Sons, who are all in the Prime of Life, fliould have raiftd hit Hopes to the S;icceflion, it would have been in his Power at any Time to remove the fingle Obftacle which the Nabob's Life oppofed to Advancement of the Family. The Guardian, at leaft, would have been the Nazim while the Minority lafted ; and all the Advantages which the Company may hope to derive from it, in the Confirmation of their Power, would have been loft, or could only have been maintained by a Contention hurtful to their Rights, or by a Violence yet more exceptionable. The Cafe would be much the fame were any other Man placed in that Station. The Truth is, that the Affairs of the Company ftanJ at prefent on a Footing which can neither laft as it is, nor be maintained on the rigid Principles of private Juftice t You muft eftablifh your own Tower, or you rnuft hold it dependant on a Superior, which 1 deem to be impoflible. it. The Begum, as a Woman, is incapable of parting the Bounds aflignej her. Her Ambition cannot afpire to higher Dignity. She has no Children to provide for, or mif- Jerd her Fidelity. Her adloal Authority refts on the Nabob's Life, and therefore cannot endnger it; it muft ce.ife with his Minority, when to the Want of a Principle of Government adequate to its Subftance, and a coercive Power to enforce it. The Extent of Bengal, and its poflible Refources, are equal to thofe of moft States in Europe. Its Difficulties are greater than thofe of any, becaufe it wants both an eftabliftied Form and Powers of Government, deriving its aftual Support from the unremitted Labour and perfonal Exeition of Individuals in Power, inftead of the vital Influence which flows through the Channels of a regular Conftitution, and imperceptibly iniwates every Part of it. Our Conftitution is no where to be traced, t in ancient.Charters, which were framed for the Jurifdiftionof your trading Settle- ments, the Sales of your Ixports, and ;hc Provifion of your annual Invefimeot, I need i ftot olferve how incompetent th?fe mult prove for the Government of a great Kingdom, and for the Prefervation of its Riches from private Violence and Embezzlement. 5. Among your Servants, who, for a O^rfe of Years, have been left at large in the Pof- feffion of fo tempting a Depofir, it is not to be wondered at that many have applied it to the Advancement of their own Fortunes, or that thofe who are pofleiTcd of Abilities to introduce a Sytrem of better Order, fhouM hav been drawn along by the general Current, fince few Men are endowed with fo large a Share of public Virtue, as to facrifice their intercfls, Peace, and focial Feelings to it, and to begin the Work of Reformation on ihemfelves. 6. I fliould not have prefumed to expatiate on a Subject of this Nature, although my own Juftification has made it in fome Meafure necefijry, but that your late Advices have given Hopes, that we (hall fpeedily be furnilhco with your Inftructions for eftablifliing a Syftem of' Law and Polity, which we hitherto w-nt. Whenever this Work fliall be ac- complifced on a Foundation of Confiftency and Permanency, I will venture to foreteJ, from the Knowledge which I hare of the general Habits and Manners of your Servants, that you will hear as few Inftances of Licentioufnefs amongft them as among the Mem- bers of any Community in the British Empire. As this, whenever attempted, muft ne- ceflarily be a Work of Time, I intreat your Permifiion to fubmit to your Confideratfon, fuch Defects in your prefent Syftem as my Experience has fuggefted to me, and I hope my Intention will be judged with Candour ; although my own Ambition may be gratified by the Regulation? which [ with to recommend. 7. I (hall offer but Two Paints to your Notice ; One is, the rapid Succeflion of your Governors} the other, the undefined Powers of the refpective Members of your Admi- n ; (tra f ion. Both are productive of the fame ill ErFj&sj a Want of Vigour and Con- fiftency in Public Meafures j and a general Diffidence, and the confequent Spirit of In- trigue, in thofe whole Interests or Services are, by any Mode of Relation, conne&ed with our Government. 8. Thefe well-known Infirmities in our'Conftitution, were frequently alluded to by the Vizier in the late Conferences which I had with him at Benares. He lamented the perpetual Hazard to which he was expofed, of lofing the Englifh Friendlhip by the con- tmual Changes of thfir Chiefs, who were no fooner known to him, and a Confidence etlablifhed with them, than they were recalled, and others fubftituted in their Stead, whofe Tempers he was to ftudy, and whole Affections he was to conciliate anew, and then to lofethem as he had loft their Pre>iece(To<8, anJ have the fame fruitlefs Labour to repeat for ever. He once afked me, in plain Term?, what AlTurances I could give him, thit new Conditions would not be required of him, or that thofe for which I fhould have pledged the Fsithof the Company, fliould not be eluded by a new Aft of Government, if Six Members of the Council (hould at any Time propofe an Infraction of the Treaty, and Four only joined me in oppofing it ? 9. The Powers of the Governor, although fuppofed to be great, are, in Reality, little mote than thofe of any Individual in his Council. Their Compliance, his own Abilit.es, or a luperior Share of Attention, and the Opinion that he pofieiTes extraordi- nary Powers, may give him the Effect of them, and an Afcendant over his Aflbciatcs in the Adminiftration ; but a Moment's Confideration is furncient to difcoyer the Naked- nefs of his Authority, and to level him with the reft. Happily, I find myfelf fufficient- ly fecured againfl fuch Effefls. The Notice with which you have diftingui/hed my Ser- vices, the Injunctions which you have UiJ on the other Members of the Board to afford me their Support, and the Decree of Refponlibility which you have been pleafed to attri- bute to my particular Conduct, have contributed to ftrengthen my Hands againft any im- proper Oppofition. At the fame Time, I muft do the Gentlemen of the Board the Juftice to declare, that I have found in them fo cordial a Difpofition to co-cpernte with me in every Meafure for the Public Good, that 1 tee] no Want of extraordinary Powers for my- felf; nor, under fuch favourable Circumftauces, is it my Wi/h to pofiefs them. I mention this Want only as a Defect in the Service which is rendered ftil! more important by the falfe Opiniouj'that the principal Authority refts conftitutionally in the Hands cf the Prefidcr;:, when ia Effect it is merely accidental. 10. To draw the Line between him and the other Mtmbersof the AJrr.'mrrratir n, and to define the Powers which may be entrafted to his Charge, would not b an eafy Talk. In me it rrwy be deemed a (Turning ; yet I conceive it to be my Duty, becaufe I an: c .-vi. - ccd that the future Profperity, and even the Being of the Company, and the National Imerefts in this great Kingdom, depend upon it. The diflant and flow Interpolation o f the Supreme Power which is lodged in your Hands, cannot apply :he R.-mcoie to the Ksr.V, APPENDIX, N a $. Dlforders which may arife in your State. A Principle of Vigour, Activity, and Detifion, rrtoft reft fomewhere. In a Body of Men intruded with it, its Efficacy is loft by being too much divided. 11. It is liable to Mill worfe Confequences ; the Icfs the Number is of which the Body Cinfifts, becaufe the Majority is eafier formed. Fixed to a fmg!e Point only, it can com- mand Confidence and cnfure Confiftency. I am compelled to affirm, bfcaufe I knov not by what Arguments to prove, what appears to me a felf evident Maxim. 12. On the other Mind, there is a Danger that fuch a Power may beabufed, unlefs powerful Checks be provided to counteract the Mifapplication of it. Thefe I leave to your Wifdom reform, if the Modification of it, which I {hall propofe, fliall be found inadequa'e to the Purpofe. I will n< t take up more of your Af.ention on this Sub- jcft, but proceed to defcribe the Points of Diltinclion which appear to me necefiary for afccrtaining the refpective Provinces of the Council, the Select Committee^ and the Prefident. " ift. The Select Committee mail have the Power of making Peace and War, *' and of determining all Meafures refpecting both, independent of the Council at " large. But they fliall enter into no Treaty of Alliance, whether oftcnfive or de- *' frnfive, for a longer Duration than Two Years, without a fpedal Authority from " the Honourable the Court of Directors, Every fuch Treaty mail b? comrnuni- " cated to the Council at large, as foon as it conveniently may be, that their Opi- " iiion upon it may be tranfmitted with it to the Court of Directors. " ad. It /hall neverthelefs be allowable for the Frefidentto bring any Matter be- " fore the Council at large, although included within the foregoing Limitations ; " and the Decifion of the Council thereon fliall be valid, and binding on the Select " Committee. But no other Member of the Committee fliall be allowed the fame " Privilege. " 3d. The Prefident /hall have the Privilege of acting by his own feparate Au- fl thority, on fuch urgent and extraordinary Cafes as fliall in his Judgment re- " quire it, notwithstanding any Decifion of the Council or of the Committee pafied. *' thereon. " On every fuch Oecafion the Prefident fliall record his Refolution to act, in the *< Manner above fpecified, in virtue of the Power thus ve.led in him ; arid ihall ex- " prefsly declare, that be charges himfelf with the whole Refponfibility. " 4th. All Civil Appointments within the Provinces fliall be ir,a;e by the Board " at large; but the Prefident fliall be empowered, of his own Authority, to prevent " any particular Appointment, and to recall any Perfon, not bsing a Membtr of " the Board, from his Station, even without a Reafon affigned. All Appointments ' beyond the Provinces, and all Military Appointment which are not in the regular " Line of Promotion, mail be made by the Prefident alone." 13. I fliall forbear to comment on the above Propofitions ; if jufl : and proper, their Uti- lity will be feh'.apparfnt. One claufe only in the laft Article may require fome Explana- tion ; namely, the Power propofed for the Governor of recalling any Perfon from his Station, " without ailigning a Reafon for it." In the Charge of Opprefnon, although fnpported by the Cries of tht People, and the moft authentic Reprefentations, it is yet im- polTible in moft Cafes ttf obtain legal Proofs of it; and unlefs the difcrctioniry Power which I have recommended be fomewhere lodged, the Affurance, of Impunity from jny formal Inquiry will baffle every Order of the Board ; as, on the other Hand, t of the Confequences will reftrain every Man within the Bounds of his Duty, if he knows himlelf liable to fuffer by the Effect of a fingle Controul. 14. I beg Leave to return to the firft Subject herein offered to your Confideration, by declaring, that bs I have no Wifh in Life equal to that of being ufetul in the Sphere which has been allottfd me, fo it is my fixed Refolution to devote my Services to the Honourable Company, folong as your Pleafure and my Health will allow' me. And I olTer it as my bumble Opinion, that on whomfoever you fliall think to beftow the Place which I now hold ir your Service, it would be advifable to fix him in it for a long Period of Time. I 'e a ready mentioned the principal Evils which arife from the too frequent Change of your Gove-nors; I will beg Leave to add another, in which I fliall need your Candour to ob- viite anv Mifconfiruttioni of it to my own Prejudice. i v The Firft Command of a State, fo extenfive as that of Bengal, is not without net of private Emolument j and although the Allowances which jour Bounty has has liberally provided for your Servants may be reafonab'y expected to fix the Boundf of their Defires, yet you will find it extremely difficult to reftrain Men from profiting by other Means, who look, upon their Appointment as the Meafure of a Day j and who, from the Uncertainty of their Condition, fee no Room for any Acquifition but of \Veaith, fince Reputation, an.i the Conferences which follow the fuccefsful Conduct of great Affairs, arc only to be attained in a Courfe of Years. Under fuch Circumltances, liu'.vever rigid your Orders may be, or however fupported, I am afraid, that in mcft In- ftances they will produce no other Fruitt than either avowed Difobedience, or the word Extreme, of Falfehood and Hypocrify. Thefe are not the Principles which fhould rule the Conduct of Men whom you have constituted the Guardians of your Property, and Checks on the Morals and Fidelity of others. The Care of Self-p-efervation will naturally fuggeft the Neceflity of feizing the Opportunity of prefent Power, when the Duration of it is conflicted .as limited to the ufual Term of Three Years, and of applying it to the Provision' of a future Independency 5 therefore, every Renewal of this Term is liable to prove a reiterated Opp.efiion. 16. It is perhaps owing to the Caufes which I have defcribed, and a Proof of the Exiftence, that this Appointment has been for fonne Years paft fo eagerly folicited, and fo eafily refigned. There are yet other Inconveniencies attendant on this Habit ; and perhaps an Invef- tigatiorj of them all would lead to endlels Difcoveries. Every Man whom your Choice has honoured with fo difhnguifhed a Truft, feeks to merit Approbation, and ac- quire an Eclat by Innovations, for which the wild fcene before him affords ample and juftifiable Occafion. But Innovations of real Ufe require a Length of Time, and the unremitted Application of their original Piinciples, to perfect them. Their immediate Effects are often hurtful ; and their intended Benefits remote, or virt-jally diffufed through fuch concealed Channels, that their Source is not ea/y to be traced. Of this Nature are the late Regulations in your Revenue, Cuftoms, and in the Commerce of the Country, which have been attended with an immediate Lofs in the Collections, and in the Price of yonr Inveftment j and it will require a long and intricate Train of Reafon- ing, to prove that the future Increafe of Population, of" National Wealth, of Revenue and Trade, fliouid fuch be the happy Effects of thefe Expedients, were really produced by them. But who that looks only for prefent Applaufe, or prefent Credit, would ha- zard both for remote Advantages, of which another might arrogate the Merit, and aifume the Reward ? Or who will labour with equal Perfeverance, in the Accom- plifliment of Meafures projected by others, as of thofe of which he was himfelf the Contriver ? 17. Although I difclaim the Consideration of my own Intereft in thefe Speculations, and flatter myfelf that I proceed upon rr.cre liberal Grounds, yet I am proud to avow the Feelings of an honeft Ambition, that flimulates me to afpire at the Pofieflion of my prefent Station for Years to come. Thofe who know my natural Torn of Mind will not afcribe this to fordid V.ews. A very few Years PoiTeffion of the Government would undoubtedly enable me to retire with a Fortune amply fitted to the Meafure of my Uclires, were I to confult only my Eafe ; but in my prefent Situation I feel my Mind expand to fomething greater} I have catched the Defirs of Applaufe in public Life. The important Tranfadtions in which I have been engaged, and my Wifh to fee them take complete Effect, the public Approbation which you have been pleafed to ftamp on them, and the Eflimation which that cannot fail to give me in the general Opinion of Mankind, lead me to aim at deferving more ; and I wifh to dedicate all my Tiir.e, Health, and Labour, to a Service which has been fo flattering in its Commence- ment. 18. Such are my Views, and fuch my Sentiments ; I expofc them without Referve, becaufe I am confcious that you will find nothing unworthy in them, whatever Opinion you may form of their Expediency. 19. I fhall wait your D:terciination with becoming Expectation, but without An- xiety ; nor {hall I ever lefs efteem the Favours I have already received, becaufe others re withheld^ which it may be either not expedient or impracticable to grant. 1 have the Honour to be, with the greateft Refpect, Honourable Sirs, Your moft obedient, and rnoft humble Servant, Warren Haft ings. tl APPENDIX, N 6. APPENDIX, No. 6. ExtraEi of the Cewfan/i Selefl Letter to BengJ.', dattd the l6tb March 1768. p ir , . TT is with great Pleafure we fee an Appearance of Peace and Tranquillity J_ being eftabliflied in the Provinces j and that the Abdallah's Return gives us the Profpetl of their being undifturbed another Year. 4. Our principal Doubts now arife from the Nature of our Connections with Sujah Powla and the King, on which we have little more to fay than in general to approve the Jnftruflions left ty Lord Clivf. 5. A all our Views and Expectations are confined within the Caramnaffa, we are impatient to hear our Troops are recalled frcrn Allahabad ; the Reafon for their re- maining there no longer fubfifts. As Sujah Dowla has now had Three Years to re- plenilh his Coffers and recruit his Army, and muft be fuppofed to be in a State of De- fence againft any Country Powers who may invade him, therefore we fee no Neceffny for further Connection between us than what may arife from the zd Article of the Treaty, by which we " are to march to his Afiiftance at his Expence when his Do- l minions are invaded.'' And with refpedt to the King, the fame Reafon fubfifls for our not continuity*: the Brigade at Allahabad, that Sujah Dowla, as his Vizier, muft fupport and protect himj we theiefure hope that the next Advices will be, that you have recalled tjut BrigaJe ; or, if very fufHcient Reafons are not atfigned for conti- nuing them, we fl&H deem you accountable for all the Conferences it may be produc- tive of. 6. As it feems not impoflible that Sujah Dowla may undertake to efcort the King to Delhi, it becomes necefiary we fhould give you our Idea of the proper Conduct to be held on that Occafion, which entirely coincides with Lord S. C. Proceedings, Clive's Opinion in his Letter to the Select Committee, that to j6 January 1767. march any Part of our Army on fuch an Expedition, might bring on the total Ruin of our Affairs ; and we add, that fhould you be perfuaded into fo raft and dangerous a Meafure, we fhall deem you refponfible for all the Confequences ; and as fuch a Meafurs would be attended with the greateft Danger to our Affairs, be affined we fhall be extremely jealous of every one, high in our Service, Civil or Military, who (hews a Tendency to fuch an Expedition. 7. The treaty entered into with the Soubah of the Decan by our Servants at Fort Saint George, and the Tendency of your Negociation with the Country Powers on the Approach of the Abdallah, gave Occafion to the fhort Remark we made on . Par. 16. fuch Treaties and Alliances in our Letter to you of the zoih November laft. We now repeat our Difapprobaiion of fuch Alliances, which we think no .-ircumftame in our Affairs can require, and determined as we are not to aim at any Power 01 I'oiL-lfion but what we hold in virtue of the Mogul's Grants, and what arife iro.*! he Office of Dewan, and confequently are confined within the Boundaries of Ben- gal, Bjhar, and Orixa, we truft our own Force will always fuffice for the Proteflion 'fence of thefej ftould they not, foreign Affiftance will avail us very little ; the ixp.-nence of alJUhe Country Wars we have been engaged in, evinces how little Ad- ntage is to be derived from the Country Troops in a general Action, who rather crowd upon us for Proteflion, than aflord us any Advantage over the Enemy, and never tii'-oui qUU f Aili " 3nd makC Pca " at tbeir Ex P ence > whoever the Ifiue grows pre- 8. We entirely difapprove the Idea adopted of fupporting the Soubah of the Decan as a rnc, agunft the Marattas. It ,s for the contending Parties to eftablift a Balance of ncmfelves ; their Divifions are our Security 5 and if the Marattas reoleft of ,h U T^ - C nflder Whether an Attack flom Bombay, which being near the Capital "*** *" y DefenfivC Cations with theCoun- ExtraS APPENDIX, N 6. Extraft of tie Company's SeJefl Letter to Bengal, dated ijtb March 1769. Par. 2. The Contents of Sir Robert Barker's Letter would be very alarming to ui, if we had not received your Sentiments on a fimilar Reprefentation of Sujah Dowla's Proceedings from General Smith, and did not Lord Clive's Advice in his Letter to you of the i6th January 1767, and our Letter to you of the i6th March 1768, Par. 4, 5, and 6, direct you how to conduct yourfelves with refpect to the King and Sujah Dowla. 3. With fuch Directions before you, we cannot fuppofe you can be fo rafh as to carry your Attachment to the King fo far as to engage us in Hoftilities with Snjah Dowla for his Sake. And we have been fo very full and explicit on this Subject in cur Jaft Letter to you, under Date of the nth November laft, that we do not think it neceflary co add any Thing thereto. 4. That you rhay be apprifed of the general Plan we would have adopted for all In- dia, with refpect to our political Concerns, we have enclofed Copies of our further Advices to the Prefidency of Fort Saint George on that Subject, which are to govern you as well as our other Prefidencies, fo far as you or they may be called to interfeie in thofe Matters. 5. From the faid Advices you will obferve the Conduct of that Prefidency has me- rited our fevere Reprehenfion, for deviating Jrcm our moft pofitive and'expids Orders. \Ve have therefore found it neceflary to entruft the Management of thefe important Concerns to a Select Committee, who are to conduct them upon a more permanent Syf- tem, by confining the Company's Influence and PofTeffions within the Boundaries of the Carnatic and the Northern Circars j the Names of the Gentlemen who are to compofe. the Committee are, viz. Charles Bourchier, Efq; Prefident, Jofiah Du Pre, Efq; Warren Haftings, Efq; Brigadier General Jofeph Smith, Alexander Wynch, Efo,} JLxtraEl of tie Company's General Letter to Fort Saint Ceorge ) dated i$tb May 176?, 10. The Dewanny of Bengal, Bahar, and Orixa, with the Poflcffions we hold in thofe Provinces, are the utmoft Limits of our Views on that Side of India. On the Coaft, the Protection of the Carnatic and the Poflefiion of the Circars, free from all Engage- ments to fupport the Subah of the Decan, or even without the Circars, preferving only Influence enough over any Country Power who may hold them to keep the French from fettling in them j and on the Bombay Side, the Dependencies thereof, the PofFefion of Salfette, Bafiein, and the CafUe of Suiat. The Protection or thole arc eafily within the Reach of our Power, and may mutually fupport each other, without any Country Alliance whatever. If we pafs thefe Bounds, we mall be led on from one Accjuifition to another, till we (hall find no Security but in the Subjection of the Whole, which, by dividing your Force, would lofe us the Whole, and end in our Extirpation from Indoftan. 11. Much has been wrote from you and from our Servants at Bengal, on the Neceflitjr of checking the Marattas, which may in fome Degree be proper; .but it is not for the Company to take the Part of Umpires of Indoftan. If it had not been for the imprudent; Meafures you have taken, the Country Powers would have formed a Balance of Power among themfclves, and their Divifions would have left you in Peace. But if at any Time the Thirft for Plunder mould urge the Marattas to invaoe our > oficflions, they can be checked only by carrying the War into their own Country; it is with this Vi:w that we laft Year fent out Field Officers to our Prelidency at Bombay, and put their Military Force on a refpectabie Footing, and when once the Marittas underftand tha; to be our Plan, we have Reafon to think they will not wan'only attack us. J. You will obfene, by ihe whole Tenor or thefe Uifpatches, that our Views are not to enter into effenfive Wars in India, or to make further Acquisitions beyond our preicnt Pofleffions. We do not wifh to enter into any Engagements which may be productive of enormous Expences, and which are feldom calculated to promote the Company's t Intereft ; on the contrary, we wi/h to fee the prcfent Indian Powers to remain as a C.ieclc cue upon another, without our inurfjiing ; th?u.vre we recommend to you, fo : .as APPENDIX, N 6. Extract eftbe Cimpany't Separate Letter tc Fort Saint George, dated tbi i-jtb March 1759. IS. Whtn we reflect on the vaft Length of Country from the Northern Parts of Chi- cacole to the Southern Diftridts of Madura and Tinnevelly, the Number of Garrifons to be maintained, and the wild Independence of moft of the Rajahs and Folygars, from whom nothing can be collected but by a ftanding Force, we regret our having ever palled the Boundaries of the Carnatic, even for the Pofieflion of the Circars ; for we have great Doubts whether the Charges will not always exceed the Collections, and apprehend many ill Confequences from fo great a Divificn of our Forces. The Prefervation of the Advantages we hold in the Bengal Provinces, is the great Ob- ject of our Attention. Every Thing muft yield to that Extenfion of Influence, or Poffef- fions on your Coaft will difaSle you from affording Succours to them, /hould any unhappy Event require it ; and no Advantage that can be obtained on your Side of Isdia can be brought in Competition with the Lofs we fhould fuftain by having Bengal the Theatre f ven of a fuccefsful War. ExlrnEl of the Corxfariy''t Central Letter to Bengal, dated 30/6 June 1760. Par. 3. In feveral of our Letters flnce we have been engaged rs Principals in the Poli- tics of India, and particularly during the laft Two or Three Years, we have given it as OM Opinion, that the moft prudent Syfiem we could purfue, and the moft likely to be at- tended with a permanent Security to our Pofiefiions, would be to incline to thofe few Chiefs of Indoftan who yet preferve an Independence of the Maratta Power, and are in a Condition to ftruggle with them ; for fo long as they are able to keep up that Struggle, the Acquifitions of ;he Company will run the iefs Rifque of Difturbance. 4. The Rohillas, the Jams, the Nabob of the Decan, the Nabob of Oud, and the My- fore Chief, have each in their Turn kept the Maiattas in Action, and we wi/h them ftill to be able to do it ; it is therefore with great Concern we fee the War continuing with Hyder Naique, and a Probability of a Rupture with Sujah Dowla and Nizam Ally. Jn fuch Wars we hare every Thing to lofe, and nothing to gain ; for fuppofing our Opera- tions be attended with the utmoft Succefs, and our Enemies reduced to our Mercy, we can only wifh to fee them reftored to the Condition fiom which they fet out, that isj, to fucli a Degree of Force and Independence as may enable them ftill to keep up the Conteft with the Marattas and with each other. It would give us theiefore the greateft Satisfac- tion to hear that Matters are accommodated both at Bengal and on the Coaft ; and in cafe fuch a happy Event ftiall have taken place, you will do your utmoft to preferve the Tranquillity. 5. We efteem ourfelves bound by Treaty to protect the King's Perfon, and to fecure to him the Pofleifion of the Korah and Illahabad Diftriets. When we wrote the i ith No- vember 1768, we apprehended the Confequences of keeping the Brigade at lllababad would be creating in Sujah Dowli a Jealoufy that would involve us in frefh Troubles, having at that time no Oufe to efteein him an Enemy j but, imprefltd as you were with the Opinion of his hoftile Intentions and growing Strength, at the Time of the Difpatch of the V^lf ntine, we fliall not blame your Caution for deferring the Execution of our Orders for "us Removal ; nor ihall we at this Time attempt to give pofitive Directions for your Conduct, which in fuch critical Cafe? ought feldom to be done, and in which the Situa- tion of Affairs may be varied by un.'orefeen Events at the very Moment we a-e writing. But having given you, wiih as much Precifion as pofiible, a general View of the Syftem by which we wifli to lee cur Affairs regulated, we muft leave it to you 10 irr.prove to the utmoft of your Power every Opportunity of drawing towarcs that Point 5 and whenever you think yourfelves obliged, for cur Security, upon emergent Occafions to adopt Mta- fures of a contrary Tendency, you are to give us very full Reafons for fuch a Deviation, and endeavour to return to the Path we have marked cut, as foon as Circunr.flances will admit, 6. Upon APPENDIX, N 6. 6. Upon thefe Reafons we (hall judge whether you merit Praif= or Cenfuro ; and If'yoa had obfcrved this Courfe in the Letter of your Select Committee by the Valentin?, we fliould hav.; had no Caufe of Difpleafure } but to fay yoa are afianljbcd at our Orders, is as ufelcfs as unbecoming. 7. The only Article of our prefent Engagements, that feems to throw a Difficulty in the Way of the limited Plan which we wifh to eftablifh, is, the Obligation before men- tioned with refpeft to the King's Perfon, and the Diftrifts affigned him outof Sujaii Dowlah's Country. If you have fucceeded in reftoring Confidence between the King ml S. Uowlah, which %ve fincereiy hope, this Difficulty may be eafily removed j for, in fuch cafe, it is probable that the King, feeing our pofitive Determination not to take any Pare in the Profecution of his Projects towards Delhi, may truft to S. Dowl.th for that Service; the Care and Management of the Korah and Illihabad Diftrifls -.vill then naturally belong to Sujah Dowlah, or feme Equivalent will be fettled between themfelvep, in lieu of true Revrnue ; which done, we hope there can be no Occafion for any Part of our Forces at Illihabad, a,nd we (Tiall \>? fubject to no further Claim of Requifition from the King, ex- cep'.ing for the ftipulated Tribute for Bengal, which you are to pay to his Agent, or re- nut to him, in fuch Manner as he may direfl. 8. Should the Event of your Deputation to S, Dowlah have proved contrary to our Wifhes, and been pro 4 'i<3ive of a War, we have very little Doubt of the Sucrefs of our Troops J but having no Point to gain, nor Ambition to fatisfy, beyond the Bounds of the Sahar Province, we hope Peace was fooo refiored, and that you obtained a Reimburfe- ment of your Expences, and avoided all Engagoients of fuch a Sort, as may have a Ten- dency to embroil you ?gain. 9. We find by your Advices by the Kent and Verelft, that Sujah Dowlah'i Offer of coming to Calcutta had been no further attended to, and that Mr. Cartier, General Smith, and Mr. Ruffdl, had proceeded upon their Deputation. No Obfervation of ours upon this Msaiure can alter the Confequence*, which, whether they are good or bad, have been long fince pafled ; but as, upon the Perufal of your Letters, Proceedings, and Country Correfpondence, we do not fee fufficient Reafons to juftify fome Parts of the Inflrudlions given to thofe Gentlemen, we (hall point out to you wherein our Judgment does not co- incide with yours. 10. The Number of Snjah Dowlah's Forces not being limited by any Treaty, your De. mand upon that Subjeft can only be juflified upon the Principle of Self-defence, where Confideration of Juftice muft fometimes give place to NecefTuy ; but we do not fee, in the present Inftance, any fuch Danger impending. Colons! Barker, in his Letter of the z^d March 1768, gives an Opinion, that a finale Brigade would be an over match for all Su- jah Dowlah's Army; this Opinion ftands uncontroverted, and indeed, it is founded upon the uniform Experience of our former Succefs; we do not therefore fee the Neceflity of coming to a Relblution, fo very difgufting and humiliating, without fome Overt Aft com. rnitted o" his Part, manifertly (hewing his holtile Intentions againft us; whenever that happened, you \vere able enough to reduce him, and we could not have been charged with being the AegrefTors ; whereas, if a War fhould breakout in confequence of this and o;her aggravating Circiimfbnces attending the Deputation, the Breach of Friead.'hip will beimpuied to the Company. ExtraEl of the General Lttttf from Bengal, dated, the idtb Novcv.ber 1773, Par. T. We addreffed you laft from this Department by the Nottingham, in a fliort Letter, informing you of the hoftile Preparations of the Marattas, with" our Conjectures on the probable Olje&s of their Operations j and fignifying to you the Line which, inde- pendent of Contingencies, we had laid down for ourfelves in relation to Conf. 16 Apr. thofe powerful and enterprizing Neighbours. The Communication wfvch, the Prefident and Select Committee have made to us of their Confulti- tions on this Subject, has met with our Approbation ; to thefa we refer. We only in this beg leave to allure you, that your Adminirtration here adept with Sincerity and'Sa- tisfaftion the Plan which you have prefcribed to us for our political Tranfactions with the C >un!ry Powers, and we flatter ourfelvss it would not be unpieafing to you to find, that before your Orders could reach us. we had acted in fo much Conformity to your Senti- ments. The Security and Tranquillity of thefe Provinces (hall be the ultimate End of all our Neeociatjo.ns, and you may truft that we are too well aware of the ruinous Tendency oi ail Schemes of Conqueft ever to adopt them, or even, to depart fram the abfolute Lin? of A P P E N D 7 X, N 7, 3. ef Self-defence, unlefs impelled toil bythemoft obvious Necefiitjr, and the immediate' Exigency of the Circumftance. How far the ambitious Temper of the Vizier may involve him in Difficulties, from which it may require our Exertions to extricate him, we cannot yet with any Degree of Certainty foretel. In the mean Time you will obferve, we have pertinacioufly refufed to engage ourfelves farther with him than in the pa/five Defence of his Dominions, and in affording him that Countenance and Support, at his forma! Requi- fition, which, by the Nature of our Connexions and the Faith of fub. Seleft Committee, lifting Treaties, we conceive ourfelves bound to beftow. The Let- ter and Proceedings of the Selecl Committee will fupply you with eyery neceflary Information on this Head. APPENDIX, N 7. Extract of tie Company's General Letter to Benga?, dated the %%tb Atgujl 1771. Pt 45 .TT is with the moft ferious Concern we learn from your late Advices, that the \_ Incurfions of the Marattas had fprtad fuch a Terror and Defpondep.ee into the Minds of thofe Powers, which were the remoter Barrier of our Pofleffions, that the Ir- refolotion and Timidity of the moft potent of them have given rife to fuch Succeffes as have encouraged the Marattas to invade the Dominions of the King, and Jay Claim to a Part of the Territory of Soujah Dowlah. But the Conduct of the Rohillas and Jauts is rather a Matter of Concern than Surprize to us, as the King and Soujah Dowlah ne- glefted that Occafion to unite with thofe Powers effectually to repel the common Dif- Urbeis of the Empire, and confine them within the Limits of their former Poflefiions. To whatever Caufes this general Timidity or Supinenefs may have been owing, we find ourfelves equally affecledj and the Tranquillity of the Provinces endangered thereby ; but as the Projects of the King, or the Conduct of the Vizier, are at prefen: too myfterious for us to decide on the Motives of their Inactivity, and as we know not what Alliances may be formed to juflify us in carrying our Arms beyond the Bounds of their Dominions, we are prevented from propofing any precife Plan for your Guidance in this rsfpedh But fliould your fubfequent Advices enable us to form a more certain Judgment of the Expe- diency of departing from the Plan we have laid down, we /hall communicate to you by fome eaily Conveyance, how far we may be difpofed to carry our Arms beyond the Bounds of the Provinces, or the Territories of our Allies, and become the Parties in an orTenfive War. In the mean Time we truft that your fole Objects will be the Security of our Pofleflions, and thofe of the Powers with whom we are connected both by Treaty and Jntereft ; and as this appears to have been the Guide of your Conduct upon the Marattas invading the Province of Korah, we with Pleafure approve the Meafures you have taken for defending the Dominions of the King and Vizier from their Inroads and Depredations, more efpecially as thofe Meafurts are not only juftified by Neceifity, but are within the Line which v*e hafe prefcribed for your Conduct in fuch a Conjuncture, APPENDIX, N 8. Extraf} of tbe Cemparyi General Letter to Bengal, dated tbe "jtb April 1773. Par. SJ-T^H O UGH your Advices of laft Year have not beenanfwerable to the Hope X we had of your having been able to acquire aual Pofleffion of the Foitrefs of Chunar Gur, yet it affords us a fenfible Pleafure to find, that the Vizier has ptopoied it (hall \>'- gsnifoned by our Troops, while A/Fairs to the Weftward may reqi-ire our Inter- pofition, or himftlf ftand in need of our Afliftance; r n d as you have fo far advanced to- wards the Completion of ocr Wiftes in this Refpect, we truft that you will not lofe Sight of fo important ao Object, but take every favourable Opportuaity to prefs the Vi- zier APPENDIX, N 9, 10. tier to cede it to us In Perpetuit}', or at lead for fo long as it may be necefT.>ry for us to /ctjin it. The Importance o; . :r the Ground of o'-r Defire to have it in our i, we cannot be fuppokd to aim hereby at extending our Acqtifuions, fmce this can only be confidered as giving Security to what we already poficfs m the Kingdom of Btngal. APPENDIX, N 9. Stlefl Letter from Bengal, iQtl September 177*. To the Secret Cotnm'trre of the Honourable the Court of Directors for Aff.iirs of the Honourable United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the Eaft Indies. Gentlemen, *'TVyT R * Alc!ef ^y addrefled you in a Letter of the loth Inftanr, by the Nottingham, .i.YJL arid forwarded to y9u the Tranflation of a Letter which the PreCdent has juft jecetveo, and tranfmitted to him from the Vizier. 2. As the Tenor of this Letter will ftrve to ftew the Intentions of the Viz>r, and the Danger to \vhich the .Peace of his Country is expofed, whether from the Effedls of his own Ambition, or that of his fuppoled Enemies, we think it neceflary, for the clearer Elucidation cf this interefting Subjefr, to forward to you the Copies of the Two Letteis jnececing this, in the Conefpondence with the Vizier, viz. the Tranflation of a Letter from him, received the I7th of Joly, and the Prefident's Reply, which was written with, the Concurrence .of the Board, to whom it was previoufly communicated. 3. We are forry to fay, that the State of Affairs, fo remote from our own View as thole of the Vizier, is fo imperfeclly known to us, that we can venture to give no other Opinion upon them than mere Conjecture, founded on the Advices which have been oc- cafionally tranfmitted to us by the General Sir Robert Barker, and by the Vizier himfclf. 4. Prrmit us, however, to aflure you, that it has been the Study of your Adminiftra- tion, by every Precaution in their Power, to prevent your being drawn into an unnecef . fary War j nor fliall they relax of their Attention to that End. We ate, with the utmoft RefpecT, Fort William, Honourable Sirs, September zc;h 1772. Your moil faithful, and moft obedient humble Servants, Warren Waitings* W. AUerfey. APPENDIX, N 10. ExtraEJ of tie Selcfl Litter frem Bengal, dated tie lotb November 1772. Par. 30. TN one Point, you may reft afTured of our unanimous Concurrence ; that no X Objecl or Confideratjon mail either tempt or compel us to pafs the political Line which we have laid oown for our Operat.ons with the Vizier. We have told him, and upeated, that we will affift him wich your Forces in the Defence of hit Domi- nions againft all Invaders; but th.it we v.ill not engage in any offenuve War, nor fuffer your Army to be carried beyond the Borders of his Territories ; and to this Rtfolution we will fteadily adhere. APPENDIX, N M, la. APPENDIX, N 11. ExtroR of the General Letter f,om Bengal, dated lotb November 1771. 6. "IT 7"E have had no exaft Advices corrmunicated to us oflafe, of the Proceedings of VV Shaw Alurr, or of his Manoeuvres in Conjunction with his new Allies. Till w kave better Affurances of his friendly Intentions towards us, and of the Juftnefs and Pro- priety of his Views, we cannot think ourfelves either bound in Honour or juftifiable to- wards you, in the Support of them. In the mean Time we regard his Motions as too> inconfequential to caufe either Jealoufy to us cr Alarm. The probable Iffue of his rafli Enterprise will be, after having been led through all India the ridiculous Pageant of the Maratta Power, to throw himfelf once more, friendlefs and forlorn, into your Arms for Protection and Support} the only Event in our Opinion which is capable of giving/ Trouble to us in regard to him. Extrafi 9 f the Seltfi Lttter from Bengal, dated tie lotb November 177*. Par. 4. The Marattas, after the Defeat of the Rohillas, profecuted without any In- terruption their Ravages on the defencelefs Country, if we except a little Refiftance which they encountered from Nedjib Gur and fome other Forts, which however foon ca- pitulated, and furnifhed the Conquerors with the moft acceptable of all Plunders, Grata and Treasure. c. Their Infolence was new immoderate. Their Succefs had been equal to their moft fcnguine Expectations, and feemed to pave the Way for further Depredations to the Southward j they were in Pofiefiion of the Perfon of the King, whole Authority they contemned, and whofe Name and Mandates they regarded folely as the Inftruments of their own Aggrandizement ; and fo far were they from re-eftablifliing him in his Govern- ment, that they pofitively refufed to perform their Engagements of fharing with him the* Spoils of the Vanquished, and he was left almoft deftitute, in the Midft of a rich and plentiful Camp, of the common Necefiaries required to fupport at lead an Appearance w Dignity. APPENDIX, N 12. Extiaft of the Sele& Letter from Bengal, dated the l^tb January 1773. Par. i. TN our laft per the Greenwich, we gave you Information that Byfjgw had J. marched towards Delhi, with a Determination of intimidating the King into i Compliance with his Terms in favour of Zabita Cawn ; and that His Majefty was pre- paring to oppofe him with all his Troops, fliould he appear defirous of puihing Matters to Extremity. a. The King's accuftomed malevolent Fortune feems, at this Time, to have exerted its utmoft Influence; for as neither Party would recede from their Pretenfions, a Battle en- fced, which, after an obflinate Conflict of fome Hours, terminated in th total Rout of the bed appointed Army the King ever poflcfled, and he became once more a Prifoner in. the Hands of the Marattas. 3. They had, previoufly to this Event, preferved fome little Refpect to the Royal Name ; but a Battle fought, and the Slaughter of a confiderable Number of their Body, had given them, for the firft Time, an Appearances of a Plea to treat him as a van- quifhed Monarch, and of which they Jid not fail to pofiefs themfelves, by exacting from liim a Compliance with thofe Demands which firft occafioned the War, and with others of a more diftrefiing Nature. 4. He has ceded to them the Provinces of the Corah and Kurrah ; and they have obliged him to appoint Zabita Cawn Buxy of the Empire, with the Proprietary of thofe Lands ufually annexed to this Office. They require him to make over all the Country conquered from the Jauts, to pay him the Balance of the Sums he promifed them when ttt fuft ioyjed tiin, and to rcioaia ceaftaaUv vu tLeur Proia&ioa, APPENDIX, N 12. 5. The Vizier tranfmittd us the Indulgence of this Event, in Terms fufficiently e*- preffive of his Terror, and which fcemed to us, upon the Firft Alarm, to be not altogether without Foundation, until we had cor.fid;red, with Attention, every poflible Circumftance refulting from k. 6. For allowing thst, by the PofTefliorj of Corah and Kurrah, the Marattas were be- come the formidable Neighbours of the Vizier's Country, we reflected, that, previous to their Rupture with the King, when they were in fact acting as One Party and united in a common Caufe, they held in reality the fam Peffefllon of thofe Provinces, were as much in the Vicinity of the Vizier's Dominions, and might have invaded tryrm with belter Projects of Succefs, as we h^d but a Jew Battalions in his Country, which the Re fpeft and Delicacy we have ever fhewn his Majefty would have ever prevented our making ufe or", until they had, by commencing Hoflilities, made an open Declaration of their Inten- tions, than at this Time, when we have a complete Brigade in the Province of Oude, ano- ther afPatna, inReadinefs to march at a Mcment's Warning for its Defence an<3Protcn. 7. We allow theProbabili'yof ZabitaCawn, with the other Rohilla Chiefs pafling the Line of their own Boundary into the Vizier's Country, while the Marattas invaded it from the Southward ; but yet we judged that the Rohillas, who had fought their Safety in an Alliance wii'h theMarattas to which they were of Necefliry compelled, would, when left to themfelves, ^attempt at leaft to re-efrabli/h their own Independence rather than contribute to the Incrrafe of a Power, which they are wellaiTured would ufe very little Ceremony of crufhing them in their Turn, and which the Vizier, with the Counte- nance of the Englifh, feems to bs the only Hindoftan Prince capable of checking the Ra- jrdity of its Progrefs. 8. We were ceitain likewife, that much of the Seafon would be expended by Delays attending the Settlement of the ctded Provinces, and by the Ganges not been fordable until the End of February, befoie the Marattas would have leifure to invade the Vizier's Pro- vinces j in which Undertaking, fiom all present Appearances, they would undoubtedly be foiled. 9. How far our Engagements with the King ought to influence us in defending him in the Right of PofTefiions we knowto have been forcibly wre.^eJ fiom him, at a Time when no public Act of his can be deemed valid, and when there is great Reafon to imagine he will himfelf folicit our AiTnt jnce to protect them, or how far, at this Juncture, it would be political or expedient to interfere, muff remain undetermined until we have fnfficient Leifure to confiderthe Subject with that Attention which the Importance of it demands. 10. In the mean Time, as the Fortrefs of Allahabad is of the greateft Confequencc, and the only Port belonging to the Vizier on the Side of the River, we have judged it proper to direct Colonel Champion, ihould the Vizier require it, to throw into the Fort an ade- quate Garrifon, to dr fend it againft every Attempt; but have defired him, at the fame Time, to give the moft explicit and p<;fme Orders to the Officer who may command, on no Inducement whatever to exceed the Limits of his Station. cfy of the gtb Paragraph of a Letter from tit Governor and Council in Bengal, in tbtir Secret Department, to the Court cf DlrcSort, dated tbt i/2 March 1773. The Circumflance of the King's furrendering thf Province of Korah to the MarattaSt hardly, as we have obferved before, makes any Difference as to our Situation with regard to thefe turbulent and ambitious People. They had before declared their Intention of attacking the Vizier, and by their Motions, fliewn themfelves reaJy to fall upon him. Our Intereft, our Engagements obliged us to take up his Defence, and our meeting his Enemies in the above mentioned Provinces, inftead of receiving them in his own proper Dominions, was as confonant to this Principle, as it was conformable to our Connections with the King, and the Intcreft which we have in the Protection of his Demefnei. We ftill act on the Principles we fet out of protecting our Allies, without forming any De. Cgns againft other People. In no Shape can this compulfatory Ceffion by the King releafe. us from the Obligation we are under to defend the Provinces which we have fo particularly guaranteed to him, and which his own Vice Roy, Minneer ul Dowlah, at this Time, Es under our Protection ; Independent of our own Conviction of the Propriety of this .n, your O;ders, in the 5th Paragraph of your Letter of the 3oth June 1769, OB a Cafe cxaftly parallel to that before us, left us without an Option. Copy of tie yb Paragraph of tbt Ctmpany's Gtnertl Litter to Bengal, dated tbt \ptb Jurej-j6<) t We efteem ourfelves bound by Treaty to protect the King's Perfon, and to fecure t > him the Pofftfliou of the Korah and lllsbad Diflritfs, \Vkcn w c vrrotf th: nth No- F 3. APPENDIX, N 12. verr.ber 176?, we apprehended the Confequences of keeping itiefciipde at lilabad would be erecting in S Duvvlali a Jealoufy that would involve us in frefti Troublss, hanng at thai Time no Cau!e to efteem him an Enemy j but impreiTed as you xvere with the Opinion of his hoftilc Jnrentions, and growing Strength at the Time of theD.fpatch of the Valentine, we /hall not blame your Caution for deferring the Execution of o ir Orders for its Removal ; nor ihall we at this Tims attempt to give pofitive Directions for your Qpn- doft, which in fuch critical Cafes ought feldom to bs done, and in v.h-ch the Situation of Affairs may be varied, by unforefeen Events, at the very Moment we are wiif.ng . cut having given you with as much Precifion as poflible a general View of the Syftem ry which we wiffi to fee our Affairs regulated we muft leave it to you to improve, to the utmoft of your Power, every Opportunity of drawing towards that Point j ar.d. whenever you think yourf-lve$ obliged fur our Security, upon emergent Occafirn?, to adopt Meafures i are to give us very full Reaions fcr fuch a. Devi tion, and endeavour to return to the Path we have marjced out, as foon as Cit- cumftanccs will admit. Extraftcftbc Csmfany's Se.'cfi Letter to Btrgat, the ntb Nwemler 1768. Tar. } i. As the War on the Coaft of Coromandel has been a very important Evert in cur political Syftsm in India, we think it proper to tianimitycu Copy of all wa ha\e wrote to our Servants at Fort Saint George rn the Subject, that you may know our Sen- timents on the Points difcnffed therein, and that the feveral Prefirrencies may aft on one uniform Plan. We find this the more^neceifary, becaufe we obferve they are countenanced in their wild Ideas of eftablifhing a new Subah in the Decan, by the federal Letters you fcave wrote them, and which indicate ihat you poflels much more of the Spirit <>f Ccnqutft than is confident with that Permanency which is our Object. You will theiefore pay the farce Attention to the Letters addrelTed to our Servan'.s at Fort Saint George, as if they weie addreficd to ycurfelves. And this leads us to a Recapitulation of what we have wrote to you, and what Advices we have received from you, relative to your Conduct to- wards the neighbouring Powers. 3Z. It is evident that Lord Clive, in forcing the Treaty of 1765, confidered Suja Rowla as the properBarrier againft the Mara'Us and the Northern Powers ; and that his Enemies might not take Advantage of the weak State :o which our Arms had reduced him, a Brigade was for feme Time Rationed at Allahabad. When the Terms of the Treaty were fulfilled, and Sujah Dowla had made fume Progrefs in recruiting his Forces, Lord Clive withdrew the. Brigade, leaving only One Battalion at the Requeft of the King. This was in July 1765. But in Oftober following, the Approach of Abdallah, and the earned Solicitations of Sujah Dowla, obliged the Sekft Committee to order a Brigade to be (rationed again at Allahabad, intending however, we fuppofe, to withdraw it as foon as the Apprehenfisns of an Invafion ihould ceafe : And Lord Clive, in his Letter to the Seltct Committee, i6th Jinuary 1767, recommends the withdrawing it as fcon as p . leaving a Detachment of only One Battalion to quiet the Fears which the V.zier enter- tained even againft the King himfelf, who had invited the Marattas to crofs the Nor- buddah, and join him, promiling them our Afliftance in the Execution of his favounrq Defign of marching to Delhi. It is certain that the King, finding himfelf difappointed in this Scheme by our Non-concurrence, was upon the Point of throwing himfelf into the Handi of the Marattas, forgetful as well of his own true Intereft as of his Obligations to the Englilh. That Defign you may be aflured he has not, nor perhaps ever wi'l, totally relinquiflij but he ftill flatters himfelf with the Hope of our Affiftance, and fo long as he fe?3 the ftrong Support of One of our Brigades at AHahabad, he will either be forming Schemes to embroil us in the Politics of the Coy ntry , or foliciting us to gratify him in his Projeft of going to Delhi. To deprive ths Bengal Provinces of One entire Brigade, nirrely to allay hij Fears, or to feed bis Hopes, is a moft pernicious conceflion, and there- lore we cannot but wifli to hear of your having evacuated' Allahabad. Pofitive Orders npon this Head we cannot give ycu, because YOU muft undoubtedly aft according to ths - Emergency of Affairs ; but we infift upon your looking back to yourown and Lord dive's Reafonings upon the firft fiationing of a Brigade at Allahabad ;' and foffer not yourfelves to be duped by any ill-founded Alarms of the King or Su|a Dowla. The Motive yoa mledge for continuing the Brigade in that Station, is to watch the Motions of the Ma- i:;d other Country ("ewers j and hence arifcs our Anxiety, becaufc it feems founded ea APPENDIX, N 12. on the Principle exprefled in your Letters to Fort Saint George, and in the Letter of Pre- fiiJent Verelft, -viz. ' Thnt ihc Englifh are to maintain thr Character oi Umpires of In. " doftan ;" a Principle that m-y involve us in every War from Delhi to Cape Comarin. One invariable Maxim ougln ever lo be maintained ; which is, that we are to avoid t.ik : ng Fart in the political 5 di- mes :( any of the Country Piinces. If Suj.i Dowla' Dominions fnould ever be actually invaded, we are bound by Treaty id aflift him j but as any aT>b tious Views of his, he mnft fxecu e them s well as he can. without the leaft Afiiiianrc from us; nor art you to interfere in orbeanxious concerning the Quarrels, Defeats, or Victories, of any Indian Power whatfotver; for thr more they difpu;e and fight with one another, the lefs will they be enioled or in;l.ned to acl oftenfmly againft us. 33. The Effefts that we look for from withdrawing the Brigade, will be, either that the King will put himfelf in Sija Dowla's Power, follow th- Brigade, or fling himfelf jiito the Arms of the Marattas, or any other Power who will give him Hopes of an Army to conduft him to Delhi ; eiiher of which would be far jnnre ehgible than the prefent jarring Syftem. If he puts himfelf in Suja Dowla's Power, he, as Vizier, will poffefs himieif of the Po ver of difpofing of his Revenues, and of the Royal Authori-y, ana we fhull be no longer embarralTrd with his Machinations :o excite u> to a Rupture with Suja Di>wla. If he flings himlelf in'o the Hands of the Maraitas, or any other Power, are difengaged from him, and it may open a fair Opportunity of with-holding the 26 JUacks we now pay him j but the moft dig blc for us would be to have hiai f. how tke f \\zade into the Bahar Province ; in thai Cafe you muft inform Suja Dowla, that in vi :I;E of the Treaty of Illahabad w-, as Guarantees, edeem the King's PolTrfiions under our immediate Prot-flion, anc that we fhall repel any Attempts that he may make to pr(:e's himfelf of them. But tin uah this Language is 'o be held, we do not rrean that you ihotld engage in a V/ar with Si>j* D wla, even though he ibuuld poffci's himieif'of the King's PofiV fl)cns j no Interefts o: the King being of tnat Importance to us as to plunge us into a War. 34.. This being the Conclufion we wifh to have thefe Afi'.irs brought to, we rely on your Abilities to conduit them, fo as neither to involve us in a War, nor draw on ui the Imputation of viobted Faith. 35. The Nature of the Orders we have given you above requiie the rroft profound Secrecy, and therefore the Knowledge vf them mui} be confuico to the Seleft Committee only, unleis you fliould have Occasion to pioduce them to the Council in Justification of i.jy McoHitet you may take iu coniequence. Extrafl ofBergfl Secret Ca*fu!:i:':3x, da-id ii;L>Oruber 1773, PRESENT. The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident. Wiliam Alderley, . P. M. Dacres, ( Henry Goodwin, f EAjuires. John Graham, >. George Va..i;ttarr, 3 The Governor's Reply to The Prefident defies to enter the following Minute in Re- the General's Diifent. ply to tnofe recorded by the General in the lad Pjoceedings: Remarks on the General's Dlffent to the Preiident's Meafure at Benares. The Objeftions made by the General to the Ariicle of the Treaty which refpeQs Cef. fion of Ccrah and Allahabad to the Vizier, are thefe: ift. That they are repugnant to the Treaty of Illahabad. 2d. That the Conditions of the Ctffion were much brlov; its Worih, and what might have been obtained for them. 3d. That 27087.1 APPENDIX, N* 12. 3<3. Tliat an Exchange might have been obtained for them of the Lands of Chnar, and that Part of the Zsmindary of Gauzypore which lies on the S< uth Side of the Ganges 4th. That it has contributed to the Vizier's Purpofe of accumulating as much Powrr, Wealth, and Country, as he poflibly can, and rendering himlelf a ftill rpore formidable and dangerous Neighbour than he has hitherto been, 5th. That faefides the Advance of a Sum of Money, a Continuation of half the Reve- nues arifing from thofe Provinces fliould have been obtained for the Company for a Number of Years. 6th. That equal Advantages might have been obtained f.om the King for his Rein- iratement in thofe Provinces, i>ix the Renunciation of his Stipend of Twenty-fix Lacks ftr Anr.um t and Grants for the Soubahs of Bengal, Bahar, and Oriffj, to the Company, for ever. To thefe I fliaU reply in their Order. jft. The 4th Article of the Treaty of Allahabad runs in thefe Words: The King Shaw Allum fliall remain in full Pofieffion of Corah, and fuch Part of * the Province of Illahabad as he now poflefTes; which are ceded to his Majefty as a < Royal Demefne for the Support of his Dignity and Expences." The General affirms, That in confequence and by virtue of this Crfiion, the Company %vere to hold the Provinces of Bengal-, Bahar, and Orifia, in Perpetuity. No fuch Declaration is made in the above, or in any fubfequent Treaty ; nor is the CefTion of Corah and Illahabad either mentioned or alluded to in any other. Although no Conclulion is drawn from this Affirmation, 1 have thought it of confequence to remove it, becaofe it feemed to imply, that the Pofieffion of Corah and Allahabad, and that of the Dewanneeof Bengal, &c. flood upon the fame Tenure, and that if the former were loft to-the King, the Right of the Company to the latier ceafed with it. The true State of the Cafe, as I conceive it, is this : This Government beftowed the Diftricl of Corah and Allahabad upon the King Shaw Allum, of its own free Will, " for the Support of his Dignity and Expences." He firft abandoned, and afterwards, by a folemn Grant, he gave them away to the Marattas. We difapproved of the Grant, becaufe it fruftrated the Purpofe for which thefe Lands were beftowed on the King, and becaufe we faw Danger on admitting fo powerful a Neighbour m the Borders of our Ally. It was therefore refolved to refume the HoiTelfion of thofe Lands, not from the King, whofe Property and Right were annulled by his own Alie- nation of them, but from the Marattas their new Proprietors. Jf it was repugnant to the Treaty " to pofiefs ourfelves of the Provinces of Corah and Allahabad, and to cede them to the Vizier, becaufe the King had an undoubted Right of doing what he judged proper with thofe Provinces, with Reference to the Enghfti j'* it was alfo repugnant to the Treaty to oppofe the Marattas to whom he had afTigned the.-n, and to prevent them from taking PofTtfilon according to the Intention of his Giant. Yet this Meafure was refolved on, after having been very maturely debated both in th Seleft Committee and at the Board, with the Pretence, Concurrence, and Advice of the General in both. What was the Opinion of the Board at that Time on the Subject will beft appear fiom the following Extract of the Confultaticn of the ift February, at which the General was prefent : " The Board are entirely of opinion with the Select Committee, that they have the " jufteft Grounds to contert this Point with the Marattas. The Province of Corah was " a Grant of the Company to the King, and declared to have been made for the Support * of his Dignity and Expences. By its being made an Aiticle of their Treaty with the * Vizier, they rmift be confidered as the Guarantees of it. The prefent Transfer i* " unqaeftionably an Adi of Violence ; and as fuch, can be repelled by none with fo good " a Plea of Right, as by thofe from whom it was originally held. Were it even a " voluntary Ceflion, the Equity of it might wet! admit of a Difpute, and the Company " might jufily reclaim the PoffcfTion of it; both b?oufe the Conditions of their original " Gr^nt to the King were defeated by his aiTigning it to another Power, and their Interefts * are like to be endangered by it Refolved, That Msafures be immediately taken for " the Defence of the Provinces of Corah and Curraii, againft the Marattas: That the " Prefident be defired to communicate this cur Intention to the Vizier : That Colonel " Champion be directed to confult with him on the proper Me^ns of eftefting it; and, if *' advifeable, to crofs the River at Illahabad, either with the Whole, or fuch a Part of thg " Brigade as he fliall ju:ge tdvifeable for this Service, &c." ad. Mr. APPENDIX, N*iz. Shaue acquired, by the Reduction of the Rohillas, had, I own, a con- fiderabie Share in the Reafons which induced me to confent to that Propofition, although the Stipulations which were prcpofed for the Company were undoubtedly the firft Confi- ckration. I prefume that the General himfelf, when he firft communicated the Propofaf, was aware that the Reduction of the Rohillas would have been an Accumulation of Wealth, Power, and Country, to the Vizier, and a far mote impojtant one than the Pof- feffion of Corah and lUahabad. 5 I* APPENDIX, N 12. In the above Sentiments refpraiog the Treatment of the Vizier, I am fupportei b? the Opinion of the Hom.ur,,ole Court of Director?, which is ftrongiy implied in nuny of their Commands, and poin-ediy txprdted in the following Paragraph of their Letter of 3 0th June 17^9, whirh, (hough ailud ng to a different Subject, evidently marl/s both their Opinion and th.it of the General at another Period, of the little Danger which we have ti apprehend from the Power of the V;: r. " The Number of Suja Dowlah's Force; not being limited by any Treaty, your De- " mand upon that Su'rjert can only be juftified upon the Principlt cf Self-defence, where Confiderntions of Juftice muft fometimes give pbce to Neceffity ; but we Ho not fee, in theprefent Infhncs, any fuch Danger impending. Colonel Barker, in his Letter " of the *3<1 March j^o : , eives an Opinion, that a fingle Brigade would be an Over " march for ail S'jja Dowla's Army. This Opinion iranrfs uncontroverted ; and indeed " it is founded upon the uniform Experience of our former Succefs. We do not there- fore fee the Neceflity of coming to a Resolution io very difguftir.g and humiliating, " without fome Overt Act committed on his Part, manifeftly (hewing his hofiile Inten- " tions againft us. Whenever that happened, you were able enough to reduce him ; and we could not have been charged with being the Ajigrefibrs: Whereas, if a War * fhould break out in confequence of this and other aggravating Circumftances attending, ' the Breach of Friendfhip will be imputed to the Company." 5. This being a mere fpecnlative Opinion, unfupported by Reafons, I ftall decline anfv rring it ; obferving only, that a Stipulation for the continued Payment of One Half cf the Revenue (if the Vizier had agreed, to which I am morally certain he would not), would have made it neceffary to join our own Officers with the Vizier's in the Manage- ment of the Collections, and befiJes continual Coatefts would have entailed upon us all the bad Confequences, but in a greater Degree, of an unconnected Poffeffion. '6. The Renunciation of the Tribute which we cannot pay, and the Grant of the Sun- jjuds for Bengal, which we do not want, cannot, in Propriety, be termed equal Advan- tages wiih a pofitive Payment of 50 Licks in Money, and the Vizier's Engagement to bear the whole Expence of our Troops when tney fliall be employed by him. Befides, I know not by what Right the King could give, or the Company take from the Nabob, the little Share which he poffeffes of the Subafhip, and which he holds by Treaty. But the General adds, that " it is now more than probable we (hail fee thefe " Sunnuds in the Hands of other Nations." And what will they avail them ? It was not the Want of the Sunnuds of Shah Allum which defeated the long concerted Projects of the Due de Choifetil ; nor will th? Poffeffion of them quicken the Defigns of the Ma- fattas againft us. The Sword, which gave us the Dominion of Bengal, muft be the Inftrument of its Prefervation ; and if (which God forbid) it (hall ever ceafe to be our?, ihe next Proprietor will derive his Right from the fame natural Charter. Opinions of what might have been done always have an Advantage in the Comparifort with what have been done. Any Conjectures may be hazarded of the probable Confe- quenres of the former; no Events can refute them : The latter are fixed to certain an I unavoidilib Proofs. I feel the Force of this Inequality in the prefent Argument with the General ; I can only oppofe my own Opinions to his Conjectures, which cannot overthrow them. The Meafutes which I have adopted can at this Time admit of no Amendment or Variation, nor can any Reafoning avert the Effects which muft follow them, although it will always be eafy to infer every Difappointment and every ill Confe- quence as the nectfftry Drduftions from them. ^ The Remainder of the General's Letter confifts in a Charge which refpecls the Board more immediately than myfelf ; I (hall beg leave, however, to reply to it. He complains, " That " he was not included in the Comrriffion which the Board thought proper to entruft to my ' fole Management; that he was never prefent at any of the Conferences held between " the Vizier and myfelf, excepting the laft Day, when every Thing had been concluded ; and that the Natives of Indoftan, influenced by thefe Appearances, muft view his Con- fequence in a letter Degree than any of his Predeceflbrs, whom they have been taught to look on with Reverence and RefpecV' This latter Charge he afterwards repeats in Terms, which too ftrongly imply that his Attendance at Benares was required tor that Purpofc only. The Charges are fevere, bat how far they are merited may beft appear from a plain State of my Conduct in the Pomts to which they refer. . Imme(1iate !y emy Arrival at Benares, I acquainted the General very c.ircumftantia!!y h the Subject and Defign of my Commiffion. I (hewed him my Inflections, which :ad with Attention, and, to the beft of my Remembrance, expreffed an Approbation f APPENDIX, N 12. . of every Part, excepting that he mentioned a Regret that feme more Notice had not been taken in it of himfelf. I exprtfTcd to rim n.y Wifii 10 have the Benefit of his Afliftame j ttiic that he might know with what Degiee of Cordiality he might in Reafon bertow it, J very frankly informed him. that as it appeared evident to me that the Viziet was hitherto very little acquainted with the Regular Poweis of our Conftiuition, and had plated no Dependence on the Government iifeif, but made all his Applications to the Commander of the Army, it was mylntention to convince the Vizier, that, in his Con- cerns with the Company, his immediate Dependence was on the Governor alone, and to eftablifh a direct Communication between him and n yfelf without anv Intervention. At the fame Time I aflfured the General, that I confi.lered the Second Place as due to him, and that it fhould be my Study to add as much as was in my Power to his Import- ance within that Limitation. In other Points my Views were no other than fuch at were contained in the Subftance of my Inftruana George Vanfittart, Efquire. %nd TH E Inftruftions given to ihe Governor before his Departure for Benares, which tue Board at that Time thought proper to feal p and depofit in the Cufiody of Air. fey, are novfr opened, and recoided as follows, with the Letter written in confequence. The Governor's In- To the Honourable Warren Hnfiings, Efquire, Prefident and Illusions given. Governor of Fort William, &c, &c. Honourable Sir, At our Confutation of the io,th April, we exprefled our Approbation of the Refo- lution of the Secret Committee, for your obtaining a perfonal Interview with the Vizier j and is, in confequence of the Veer's repeated Defire, you have now determined on pro- ceeding for that Purpofe to Benares, we /lull beg Leave to lay before you fuch Points in the political Interests of the Company, as, from the Orders of the Court of Dir:ftors, and the prefent State of ArT-tirs in this Government, are the more immediate Objcfts of our \Vi(hes ; at the fame Time the Circurnftances of our Situation and Connection with the Kir.g and the Vizier are liable to fo many ' Variations, that we find it difficult to mark out any precife Line for your Conduct, nor indeed do we judge it neceflary, as we repofe an entire Confidence in your Experience and Abilitirs to improve to the utrhoft, for the Company's Benefit, the different Events that may occur. It is evident that the Treaties which st prefent fubfiil between the Company and the Vizier, are fettled upon an unequal Footing. We arc cslled on every Occafion to his Afliftance, without any immediate Advantage to our Employers, or even any regular or adequate Adjuftment of the Stipulation in the Treaty for the Payment of our Expences j while on his Part, the Aid which he is bound to afford us, is left loofe and undefined, and in all Probability from the Nature and Confthution of his Army, in cafe of real Danger, would prove ufekfs and ineffectual ; it is therefore advisable to efteft an Alliance with him on Ground of reciprocal Advantage and Support. Of fuch an Alliance, one of the moft effonti.l Articles will be to fecure the regular Payment of fufficient Subfidie* for the Charge of fach Bodies of our Troops ES may march st the RequTition of the Vizier; and although, in ot:r former Treaty the Stipula- tion, is msde only for our extraordinary Expances, yet when we confuier, that whilft we are removed at fuch a Diflance from our Territoiics they are in EffeQ loft to our own Service, we think it reafonable that the whole Expence ftiou'd be borne by him ; but this can only be cfiefted by jour Aiidrefs and judicious Marngencent, as the Engagements now APPENDIX, N- 13. now fubfifting between us, from which we mean not to depart, do not entitle us to claim it as a Right. While the King continues at Delhi, whither he proceeded in Opposition to our moft (benuous Remonftrances, we fhall certainly confider the Engagements between him and the Company as difiblved by his Alienation from them and their Intereft ; the Province of Corah in this Cafe will revert to them is to the original Proprietors, bv his Inability to hold it on the Terms, and for the Purpofe<, to which it was ceded to him. As the Poflefiioa of fo remote a Country can never be expected to yield any Profit to the Company, and ths Defencaof it muft require a perpetual Aid of their Forces, and prove a Source of much Jealoufy to the neighbouring Powers, it muft be our earneft Wifh to be freed from (o inconvenient a Pofieffion on the beft Terms which can be obtained for the Difpofal of it. If the King's Pretenfions are removed, the Claim of the Vizier to this Diftridt will come next in Preference, both on account of our Alliance with him, its Contiguity and Relation to his Dominions, ind this Preference being confonant to the Company's Orders. In that Cafe it would undoubtedly be our firft Wifh to obtain from him the Diftrifts of Chunar and Gawzipore, in Exchange for it. The Honourable Company have earneftly enjoined us to endeavour to effect this, for the fole Hurpofe of placing the King in the Pkiffcffion of a Territory, fiiuated fo near to our Borders, and would no Doubc be well pleafed with the Acquifition of it to their own Pcfleflions ; yet we are aware of the Repugnance of the Vizier to part with fo valuable and important a Territory, and we cannot, either in Juftice or in Obedience to the Commands of our Superiors, which recom- mended the ftiicteft Delicacy in our Negociations with their Ally, life any peremptory Requisition with him to engage his Acquiefcence in fueh an Accommodation. We content ourfelves with intimating the utmoit Extent of our Defires on this Head, leaving the Accomplishment of them to ycur Management and Difcretion, in fuch a Mode and ID fuch a Degree as you (hall find yourfelf enabled 'o efteft it. If, however, as is moft probable, the King fhould make Overtures to renew his former Connection, we are of Opinion, that his Right to reclaim the Diftricts of Corah and Illahabad cannot with Propriety be difputed ; and we authorize you to reftore them to him, on the Condition of his granting to the Company a folemn Renunciation of the Tribute which has been allowed him from the Provinces of Bengal and Bahar, both of the A:rears which may be due, and of all future Payments for ever. While we require this as a juft Retribution for the Service afforded him in maintaining the Pofieflion of thefe D ftricts aga'nit the Marattas, to whom his Weaknefs had abandoned him, we are jufti- fied by the flronger Plea of abfolute Necefluy, in infilling upon it, as our Revenues are utterly unable to fupport any longer fo ruinous an Expence. It is probable, that the fsvere Proof which he has recently experienced of his utter Inability to fupport his Pretenfions to the Power and Dominions of his Anceftors, and the difgraceful Treatment which he has received from his falfe Protector?, will exempt him from the Hazard of the like Deluiion hereafter, and induce him to remain contented with his former Rfficence, in a State more fuited to the mod;r Dacres J. Graham, 2 3 d June 1773. C Richard Barwell, G.' Vanfittart, Extract of Bergal Secret ConJ?I,a:ioB, tbt ^tb OtlMr 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Hading?, ETquire, P.efident. Gja-ul Sir Robert B-iker being arrived at the Prefidency, takes his Seat at the Board, William Alderfey, He William Alderfey, -\ P.. : ;;ipM.Dacres / Henry Goodwin, \ Efur Arms had reduced him, a Brigade was for fotne Time ftationed at Allahabad. "^'hen the Terns of the Treaty were fulfill, and Suph Dowli had made fo^e Progrefs : ,n rerruiting his Forces, Lord Cl.ve withdrew the Brig.de, leaving only one Battalion at tne Requeil of the Xing. This was in J.ily 1766; but in Oftober following, the A?- proach of A'odjlUh, and t'.,e earr.rft Solici-atrons pf Sujah Dowla, obiiv"'d the Select Com tr.ittee to order a Urijade to be ftationea a ? in at Allahabad ^ in'tmliug howrver, te fuppt>fe, to withdraw it as foon at the Apprchemions o' ^n Invafinn fh uld ceafe ; and. Lore Clive, in his Letter to the Selcdt ConDmifee, i6th January ipes, is a moft pernicious Concelfion, and theiefoie we cjnnot but with to hear of your having evacuat- ed Allahabad. Pofitive Orders upon this H^ad we cannot give you, heeaufe you muft undoubtedly aft according to the Emergency of Affairs j but we infift upon your looking back to your own and Lord Cave's Reafomngs upon the firft Rationing of a Brigade at AllatiabaH, and fu O'er not yourlelves to be duped by any ill-founded Alarms of the King or Sujah Dowla. The Motive you allege for continuing the Brigade in that Station, is, to watch the Motions cf the M^rattas, and other Country Powers $ and hence arifts our Anxie'y, becaiHe it feen.s t<-umiedon the Principle exptefied in your Letters to Fort Saint George, and in the Letter of Preiident Verelft, viz. ' That the Enplilh are to maintain the Charaiier of Umpiies of Inooftan," a I'iincip'e that may involve us in every War from Delhi to Cape Comarin. One invariable Maxim ought ever to be maintained, which is, that we are to avoid taking Part in the political Schemes of any of the Country Princes. If Sujah Dowla's Dominions fhould ever be actually invaded, we are bound by Treaty to aCift him ; but as to any ambitious Views of bis, he muft execute them as well as he can, wiihout the leaft Arlift.mce from us ; ncr are you to interfere in, or be anxious concerning the Quarrels, Defeats, or Victories of any Indian Power whatsoever j for the more they difpute and fight with one another, the lefs will they be enabled or in- clined to act offenfively againft us. 33. The Effects that we Inok for from withdrawing the Brigade, will be, either that the King will put himlelf in Sujah Dowla's Power, follow the Brigade, or fling himlelf into the Arms of the Marattas, or any other Power who will give him Hopes of an Army to conduct him to Ddhi 4 either of which would be far more eligible than the prefent jarring Syftem. If he pu:s himftlf in Sujah Dowla'? Power, he, as Vizier, will polfcfs himfelf of the Power of difpofing of his Revenues and of the Royal Authority, and we /hall be no longer embarraffcd with his Machinations to excite us to a Rupture with Sujah Dowla : If he flings himfelf in*o the Hands of the Marattas, or any other Power, we are difengaged frcm him, and it may open a fair Opportunity of withholding the a6 Lacks we now pay him ; but the moft eligible for us would be to have him follow the Bri- gade into the Bahar Province. In trut Cafe, you muft inform Sujah Dowla, that in virtue of the Treaty of Illahabad, we, as Guaranteef, efteem the King's Pofleflions un- der our immediate Proie&ton, and that we mall repel any Attempts that he may make to poflefs himfdf of them ; but though this Language is to be held, we do not mean that you mould engage in a War with Sujjh Dowla, tvtn though he Aould poflefs himfelf of the King's Polfeflions, no Interefts of the Kjng Leing of that Importance to us, as to plunge us into a War. 34. This being the Conclufion we wifli to have thefe Aftairs brought to ; we rely on your Abilities to conduct them, fo as neither to involve us in a War, nor draw on us the Imputation of violated Faith. 35. The Nature of the Orders we have given you above, require the moft profound Secrecy, and therefore the Knowledge of them mult be confined to the Seledt Committee only, unleis you mould have Occafion to produce them to the Council in Jufnfication of any Meafures you may take in confeouence. APPENDIX, N 15. E*traH of the Company* t Central Litter to Bengal, dated totb dfril 177!,' 44- 'T^HE Advantages which rruft accrue to the Company, from the Residence of _ the King within our Provinces, are both, in the View of Economy and found Policy, loo obvious to need any Illoftratiun. This Object therefore exacts your moft fe- rioos Attention, and requires cvsry judicious Effort which {an improve his Confidence in cur cor Attachment to him, and thereby the better engage his Compliance with our Wiffies in this Refpech 45. A; this Point is equally delicate and important, wer-commenri to you to lay hold of the firft favourable Opportunity which ihall offer, for an Overture te the King on this Sobjeft, in which we doubt not but your own Judgment will fuggeft to you the Expe- diency of teprefenting all the Benefits his Majefty will find, from having the Forces of the Company nearer his Perfon, and ready to unite on any Occafion (in Support of our Al- liance with him), without being obliged to march through the Territories of any one who may be difpofed to take Advantage of our Situation, in any accidental Circumftance of Weaknefs and Diftrefs. To this Plea muft be added, the ill Eftecls of the continual Drains of the Specie of Bengal, on account of his Annual Tribute, which, when car- ried beyond our Pofleflions, muft, in a great Degree, be loft to the neceflary Circulation, and riiay prevent that Punctuality in our Remittances which wr have hitherto maintain- ed, and may in Time wholly incapacitate us from fulfilling the Stipulations we are fo de- firous to preferve inviolate. 46. Thefe and fuch further Arguments as flidl appear moft conducive to the End, will, *e hope, prevail on the King to eftablifli his Refidence at Rajahmaul or Mongheer, or fuch other Place within the Provinces as may be thought moft proper for the Purpafe, and moft likely to preferve to us that Influence which is fo cffential to the Company's Welfare. 47. The political Interefh of the Company make us no lefs felicitous to obtain from Sujah Dowla an Exchange of the Territories of Bulwan Sing, for the Provinces of Khorah and Allahabad, now held for the King; fince, by fuch an Exchange, our Fron- tiers would be more eafily defended, a greater Influence would be prtferved by us over the neighbouring Power?, and we might pofiibly be relieved from the Ncce/Tity of keeping up fo large and expcnfive a Military Establishment as we have at prefent in Bengal. 48. We are not infenfible of the Difficulties which may oppofe your Negociations on this Subjet. Thefe, however, we perfuade ourfelves, may in Time be overcome, by 'a proper Attention on the Part of our Servants, and by their availing themfelves of the Circumftances which may occur, either in the Situation, De-fires, Projects, Tem- per, or W^rtts of this Prince : And we recommend to you to lay hold of every Op- portunity which may offer for accomplishing, by a friendly Negociation, fo defirable an End. 49. There is another Object of the moft eflential Confequence, which calls for the ut- inoft Exertion of your Ability; we mean the obtaining from Sujah ul Dowla the abfolute Ceflion to us of the Fort of Chunargur. 50. As we have experienced the Strength of this Fortrefs, and are fenfible of the vaft Importance the Poffeffion of it would be to the Company, you muft ufe yo'ir urmoft Endeavours to acquire, by friendly Means, what could not be retained without Violence. We therefore enjoin you not to leave uneflayed any Effort which Prudence can fuggeft, for obtaining from Siijah Dowla the Cefiion of Cnnnargur Fort : But as our View is to acquire it by Treaty, not by Force, and confidering alfo the Situation, Power, and Influence of this Subah, your Negociations muft be conducted with the greateft Caution and Delicacy; and you muft ftrive, by every fair and honourable Means, to ftrengthen his Friendfoip, and engage his Confidence; neverthelefs, you muft not abate of your At- tention to all his Mot.ons, nor forego any Opportunity to imprefs him with an Opinion of our Aftivi'y and Power. 51. And here we take occafion to obferve, that fliould we at any Time obtain from him the CeiTion of this Fortrefs, you muft not fail to keep in it a ftrong Carrion of Europeans, under the Command of an able and experienced Officer; which fuch Pofleflion would enable you to do, fince the Security which our Poflefiions would there- by receive, would admit of a Reduction in our oihtr Garrifor.s. A P P E N- APPENDIX, N 16. APPENDIX, N 16. Extract of a Letter from the Governor and SeleB Committee tf Btngal, to tie Court of Dl' refio-i of the Eafi India Company, dated 3 i/i December 1773. Par. 1. TTPON the Retreat of the Marattas to the Decan, the Territories which ^J they hid occupied naturally attracted the Attention of the neighbouring Powers, auu the Vizier among others turned his Views towards thi? Objedl. He com- rnunica'ed his D^figns of invading that Country to the Prefident, and exprefied, at the fame Time, a Defire of being afiifted by ycur Forces ; but while this was in A^i'a- tion, he fuddenly changtd his Resolution, and feemed determined to carry his Arms againft the Rohillas. The Vizier had long entertained Dcfians apainft this Tribe, whofe Country lies contiguous to his own, and whofe Chief, Hr although we confider every Acceflion of Strength to Sujah Dowla as beneficial to the Ir.terelts of our Employers, yet we adopt with Diffidence any Meafure of fuchConfequence, unsil we (hall have received the Orders and Sentiments of thtCompany. 4. And here we in ml beg Leave to reprat our earneft Dcfirc, rhityoa will be pleafed to furnim us with your explicit Commands for cut Condudt, with refp& to the Coun- tries fmiated bey:>nd the Lttnus of thcfe P.ovinces, and tljofe of your Ally ; whether our future Operations sre to be invariably circunnfcribed by thofe Bounds, or in what Cifes you will approve and au'hori/.e our proceeding beyond them. You are well ac- quainted with the State of the ne'g'ubjur'mg Powers. Of thcfe the Maratus only are formidable to your PolleHions. The reft are weak, and (the Vizier alone excepted) every Way inconfiderable j nor /hould we regard the Marattas th^rfelv. reiulting from this Situation of Things. Thefe may be reduced to the Ti.e following Propofitions : ifl-, To unite the Powers of the Three Presidencies into one manageable Syftem j an. Object wnich we ardently wifh to fee accomplished. ad, To ftrengthen the Vizier, by adiing the Territories of the Rohillas within the Ganges to his prefent Dominion*: And, 3d, To raife up a new Power in the Perfon of the King: which might either be em- ployed in Conjunction with the Vizier in oppofing th Marattas, or, fhould there ever be an Occafion for it, to ferve as a Counterpoife to ihe Vizier. It would always be eafy for us to hold the Scale between them. 6. For the Firft of thefe Propolr.ions, the Advantages are fo great and fo obviouj, that any Arguments in fiipport of it would bt fuperfluous. The Second we fhould much incline to adopt, for Reafons which you will find largely difcufTed on our Proceedings in trvs Department of the igth and a6th Ultimo. The Third, however beneficial the llFue' of it might prove, is liable to fo many uncertain Events in the Accomplifhment of it, would carry our Arms to fo great and indefinite a Diftance, and would involve us in fo heavy an Expence, until we could extract from it the Means of Reimbursement, that we barely offer it to your Notice, but do not recommend it. 7. Upon the Whole, whether it be your Plealure that we fhould implicitly adhere to the defenfive Line hitheito prefcribed to us, or extend our Views to Bounds more remote, we earneftly entreat that we may be furnifhed with foch clear and full Inftruc- tions from you, as your Wifdom fhall judge expedient to enable us to aft with Con- fidence and with Vigour in the Execution of every Meafure which may be prefent- ed to us for the Advancement of your Interefts, and in ftrift Conformity to your Intentions. A P P E N D I X, N* 17. a Littler from the Governor and Caunr.il of Bengal, in their Se:iet Department, t the C'jurt of'Direflon of the Eaji India Company > dated the ift March 1773. . 8. "\7"OU will be pleafed to take Notice of the many Reftiiftions under which j[ we have laid the General, as to the Object and Extent of his Operations j cautioui of giving the leaft Colour to the Marattas for charging us with being the Ag- greflors in the War j and equally ftudious of avoiding all Engagements which might involve us in diftant Connections unneceffary to the Defence of your PofTefiions. 10. We have not however neglected, in undertaking thefe Meafures, to ftipulatc for ftich fubfidiary Payments as will defray ail the extra Expences incurred by them; and the Precautions whicli we have taken to enfure the punctual Difcharge of them, will, we perfuade ourfehes, free us from any Hazard of fuftering by the Charges of this Expedi- tion. As we have been peremptory in our Declarations and Orders on this Subject, we mean rroft rigidly to abide by them. it. We muft however obferve, that we Fnve extended our Orders in one Inftance be- yomi the ^bioiac* Line 01 Defence of the Vizier's Dominions} we refer to what we have inflructcd Par APPENDIX, N 18. inftrufledthe General reforming the Country of Hafifs Rhamut Cawn, a fmall Tt the Step he has taken were already apparent, as it had prevented the Mjrattas eroding the River, forming a Junction with the Rohillas, and laying wafte the Viz.er's Country. But that as he had not declared his Intentions or def'nding the Corah Province, he was in hopes they would advance with Confidence, and polfels .hcmf'Hves of it ; an Event of all others to be wifhed for, as the only Means within the Limits of his Inftiuf,ic>ns to relieve the perpetual Anxiety of the Vizier, and prevent the Annual Demand of our Afliftance; and that otherwife he fees no End of our ineffectual Campaigns in that Q^arrer. 7. The Vizier at the fame Tim? is extremely dcfirous that fome dec'five Blow be flruck, to weaken the enoimous Power of the Manttas, and regards th f s to be f. tavour- ahj- Crifis for tht Pu-pole He fays further, that the Company will derive great Ad- v-'n f jpe;, fh.'iiid they p:rmit their Troops to accompany him to Delhi, or wherever he m. y f.n,) a Nec!d a Claim 10 the Corah Province on the Part of the Company ; and we have pofnively direOed him, (hould he Vizier ftill delay making over the Alignment we have required, cr forre other Equivalent tor the Sums now due, and for the monthly Payment of the extra Charges of the Brigade, to quit him with the Brigade immediately, and make the Defence of Corah his fole Object 9 In ill theieTian factions we have kept in view yourOrders refcefting the Interchange of Corah for Gazeypoore, and all our Negotiations are concentering towards this Point. Extraf? cfa Letter frarr. the Governor and Cnatcll of Bengal, in their Secret Department, It the Court of DireSort f the Eajl India Company, dated l6tb Atiguft 1773. *d. Our Letters of U.I Seafon were full and particular as to the Motions and fuppofed Defigns of the Marattasj the Part we had determined to take on the Occafion in fup- port of our Ally the Vizier ; and the Inflections we had for this Purpofe given the Ge- neral, when he proceeded to join the firft Brigade in Sujah Dowlah's Dominions: Accord- ing to the Conjectures we then formed, the Maiattas avoided a general Action, and dif- perfed on the Approach of the Vizier with our Troops. jd. We at the fame Time informed you, that we had directed General Barker to re- ceive Pofleflionof the Provinces of Corah and Allahabad from Munnivr ul Dowla, Naib of the King, who had exprefTed his Defire to put thefe D;rttits under our Protection ; as the King his Matter, when defeated laft Year by the Marattas, had been compelled, whilft a Prifoner in their Hands, to grant Sunnuds for the Surrender thereof to them j but as the indifpenfible Occupations of the General called him to a Diftance, and en- gaged too much of hi' Time to allow the Attention req'iifite to fo material an Object, the Nature of which demanded the immediate Superintendence of a Perfon well /killed in the Bufinefs of the Revenues, we thought it effentially expedient, as well for preferving the Company's Influence and Participation in the Affairs of thofe Provinces, as for efta- blifhinga Right to the future DiLofal of them in the moft advantageous Manner, when- ever it might become a Subject of Negociation, to depute a Member of our Board to re- ceive charge of the Provinces of Corah and Allahabad from the General ; and Mr. Law- rell was accordingly inverted with the Execution of this Truft, and Inductions given him nearly fimilar to thofe of the General, which you have been furnifhed with in our Pro- ceedings of the lyth February ; adding, that although we took Po&ffion of the Coun- try at Allies of the King, yet he was not to deliver it over 10 any Power whatever, not even to the King hirrfelf, without our exprels Orders 5 for we judged, that furrendering it to him in his prefent hdplefs State, would be in fact giving it up to the Ma- rittai. 4h. The Vizier Sujah u! Dowlah about this Time, in bis Letters, exprefled the greatefr, Defire to have an Interview with the Governor ; and s that Circtimflance concurred with our Wifti?, for having many Points of the greateft Confluence adjufted which could not well be tftecUd without a perfonal Conference, we acquiefced in Opinion with the Select Commiitee, whofe Proceeding 1 ; on this Subject were laid before us, that fuch a;i Inttrview at this Period mi^ht be attended with very beneficial Coafequences to ths Conpai-y'i Affairs. Extraf} ofBtKgal Setefi Covfu'titions, tie tb January 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqj Brigadier General Barker, Wilihm Alderfey, and John Reed, Efqrs. Three L'tten from the? Rd Tranflations of the Three following Letters from the Nabob Sujah ul Dowlah. i Nabob Suja ul Dowla, enclofing Papers of Intelligence. Ordc.ed the Papers of Intelligence be entered after this Day's P/oced;ng. Fran APPENDIX, M 18. From the Nabob S'jjab itl Dotvlab. I have already writfn you reputed Letters with Intelligence from the Capital, from which you have probably b-en particularly acquainted with the State of Affairs. Mat- ters are now at the hft Extremity 5 the Marattas art" victorious, and his Majcfty has confented to give Sabiter Civ.-n the Euxeyihip and the other Affairs of the Jauts, and to cede to them the Countries of Korah and Kurra, and every Thing agreeable to their Rc- quefts. 1 therefore write you, that now, my Friend, you mutt on no Account whatever be negligent in your planning and fcheming for the Affaiis of this Quarter, and be firm and (launch to the Bufincfs. Now that the King nas given Corah and Kurra to the Ma- raitas, and they are on every Account become victorious, I Hkewife will take my Ma fures as I fliall think beft, and I am prepared to oopofe and repel my Enemy: But lend General Barker to ine with Speed and Expedition, for it is bectlfary; and if you have any Scruples in fending the General with the Command, it in requifite (hat you on DO Account entertain any Difficulties thereon, and giving Two or Three Members of the Council with the General, you difjja'ch him hence. This likewife was formerly the Cafe, that the; Council came with him ; fend him therefoie in Company with the Council, for the General's coaling is very proper, and the greateft Advantages are centred therein. I have before written you particularly. You will not remain inattentive in forming jour Plan of Operations for this Quarter, and be careful and mindful of yourfelf, for the Time of Action is at Hand, and I, by the Blefiing of God, am prepared, and will in every Man- ner endeavour in oppofing my Enemies. I have written all thcle Circumllances for your and enciofe you a Paper of Intelligence. A true TranJ'ation. (Signed) A. B. Goodlad, Perfian Translator. Frtm tie Nabob Sujab ul Dotvtab. I have before written you, and I now enciofe you the Papers of Intelligence which have arrived from the Capital. There is now an Engagement between his Majefty and the Marattas ; you will accordingly learn the Particulars from the enclofed Advices. Your Friend will now fet out in Company with the Engl:fh Forces, and remain piepared upon his Confines for their Security and Defence, that he may oppole any Enemies who may have an Intention on this Qua'ter; but from my Foresight my Mind is in Anxiety and Uneafmefs, for if the Marattas become victorious, and they bring his Majefty to ano- ther Condition, you muft then reflecl in what Situation are yo-j and I, my Friend, and that there is Room for Perplexity and Diftrefi to every one. You, my Friend, will not now remain negligent to this Quarter, and in forming your Plans accordingly. Affairs now carry with them a different Afpeft, and you muft confiderthis with much Attention and Circumfpeflion, and that whenever the Enemies of his Majefty have conquered him, you muft then ceitainly underftacd that they will entertain an Intention on thi? Quarter. My Country is in reality the Door of Bengal, and I am what you may call the Barrier to that Country ; it is therefore abfolutely neceflary that you remain careful and attentive to yourfelf, and in forming your Plans for this Quarter, and the fending General Barker is in the higheft Degree proper and advifeable. You, my Friend, aie not acquainted with the Advantages that arc derived from the Prefence of the General ; but know for certain, tlm his being bete is ptoduftive of the greateft Benefits ; it is likewife very beneficial for the Affairs of the Englifh Company, as well as good for my Concerns : It is therefore beft that you difpatcrTthe General hrie with all Expedition. You wrote me that you was with Life and Soul intent on the Performance (as well in Trifles as in Matters of Im- portance) of the Affairs of your Friend, and that you are defirous of the Benefits and Ad- vantages of his Concerns : 1 have therefore written you particularly, that you muft not now be negligent to the Affairs of this Quarter ; and you muft abfolutely fend theGneral, lor my Pleaiurc is centred therein. The Time of AdUon is now at Hand. Other lrj telligence 4 APPENDIX, N 18. telllgence from the Capital, which arrives with me Morning and Evening, I mall tranf. BDH tor rcy Friend's Information. A true Translation. (S'gned) A. B. Goodlad, Perfian Tranflator. From (be Nabob Sujab ul Dowla., I have before this fent you Two Letters, with Papers of Intelligence, which has pro- bably arrived. The further Accounts which have arrived at this Time, I have alfo fent you. You will be fully acquainted with the Situation of Things. From thefe Ac- counts it appears, that his Majefty's Affairs are at an End. At all Events, I am ready and prepared for Opprfnion ; nor will I, by the Blefiing of God, be deficient ; if my Friend alfo fhould be inclined to thofe Meafures, it may be happily executed. You muft rtfltit, that the Superiority gained by the Marattas over his Mzjefty has many evil Con- fequences, that they will form an Attempt on me znd you. In this there is not the Jeaft Doubt. By the Blefling of God, my Friend has Experience, Forethought, and Under- Handing ; upon mature Reflection you muftconfider, that whenever the Marauas have gut the King into their own Hands, they will, taking him along with them, make an Attempt upon me and you ; their Strength and Power will then be encreaied ; as Affairs will then be at the Extremity, and, the Opportunity loft, to oppole them will be attended with Difficulty. I myfelf am a Soldier, and the Englilh SarJars, in tne fame Manner, are Soldiers; whatever can be done by me, by the lilefling f God, in Conjunction with trie Englifh Troops, who are joined and united wi h me, 1 am ready and prepared to op- pole and punifh the Enemy 5 nor am I under the leaft Uneafmefs or Apprehenfion. All this that has been wrote, does not proceed from an Apprehenfion of Danger or Anxiety, but merely from a Principle of Caution and Forethought, that I have wrote it. By the Favour ef God, the Englifh Sardars alfo (land the foremoft in Knowledge and Experience. Yod alfo will not be inattentive to die Means and Meafutes necefiary on this Occafion, Imt with Expedition form foine regular -ind fubflantial Plan. To me it appears advifeable, that you fend General Barker to me with Speed and Expedition, and that you, with the Camp, come and continue at Patna, and another Brigade be prepared and ready to join m in cafe of NecefTity. By the Afliftance and Power of the Ainaighiy, your Friend, with the Eugh/h Forces, is ready to oppofe and punifh the Enemy, and will erreftmlly oppole them. Now, my Friend, the Time for Aftion is arrived, I have therefore wrote you fully on the Subjecl; whatever may be your Sentiments, Defires, and Intentions, you wort let me know with Speed, nor muft you be inattentive to tne neceflary Mtafmes, but quickly determine on them, and frnd the General to me with Sueed and Expedition. "What can! write more : You yourfelf have Judgment and Forethought. A true Tranfhtion, A. B. Goodlad, PerCan Tranflator. Resolution of the Notwithstanding the Alarms of rhe Viz'er, exprefled in the foreeo- Committee. ing Letter,, It does not clearly appear that the Maratias have arquired any Actefiion of Power, or that this Revolution is likely to aftedt the Interefl* of the Vi^itr; fi-re, whatever Influence they derive, from the Sanftion of the King's Name, when he Was even with you and independent, every Advantage of tb^t Kind muft be either loft, or very much diminifhed, by their late Rupture with hirr, by ihtir having violently pofTrflVd themfelves of his Pe-.fon, and their Ufurpation of his Dominions. It is true, that by the PolIeiTion of the Provinces of Corah and Curran, they are bscome the immediate Neighbours of rhe Vi z . e r ; but if we tonfider the K'n and the Mantus acling roni.maively as one P ? .rty, thv had in facl th- fame PofTcfiion ct Corah, and were as much m the Vicinity of the Vj/: T'S Dominions antecedent to the-r Rupture with his Majefty, and could, with the pieater Facility, have invaded the P-ovince acrofs the Oangef, wh.ch alone (rparated them from the Vizier, had fuch been ih, . loteftuon, becauie the i endernds and Delicacy wj,:cii his ever teen obicrved both ly APPENDIX, N 18. tis and our Ally towards his Majeftr, would have prevented our purfuing the fame Step* to oppcfe them, until they had openly declared themfelves. It does not thrrefore appear, upon a fe Parts, to confid-r the Subjecl in every Point of View. We will fupppoie (which indeed is moft Jikely) that the Marattas will immediately polTefs, or attempt to ooffefs, themMves of the Province of Corah, and the other Lands res our Al- T A c, P * I? ' l!ance with < he Vizier alone. It remains to be determined, how ' far our Engagements with the King will influence us to fupport them in the Right of thofe Pofieffions we know to hava b?en exacted from him. it is poflible he may folicit our Aid ; and, in Point of Right, we fliouid certainly be juftifjed in affording it to him, fince no Ac! of his could be deemed valid in his prefent Situa- tion, 'and whilft he continues a mere paflive Inftrument in the Hands of the Marattas ** but svhether it would be political to interfere, or whether, at this Time efpecially, it would be expedient, muft continue a Doubt with us. We ha v:. agreed, that the utmoft which the Marattas can do this Seafon, will be to poffefs themfelves of Corah. They will be there full as vulnerable the next Year as the preterit One. It is far from impro- bable, that the Maratus tberr.felves, within that Period, maybe diverted to other O^-- jeer.?, by the Demife of their late Chief Mada Row, and the Succeiion of Narrain Row,' who may (as was the Cafe with his Brother) meet with Competitors in his own Family before he is thoroughly eftabliflied. On this Subject however it may noc be prudent to ' form any precipitate Refolution ; we therefore fufpend the Confidfntion of the Propriety of entering into the Defence of the Corah Province, until we are directed by clearer Lights. T m*A- t,.M.,C TP* * n tne nican Time, as the Fortrefs of Allahabad is fituattd on ImmeduteMeafurcs that Slde of the River> and is lhs oniy P ; ace therc be)ong:ng M the Viz er, and a Poll of great Confequence ; it is refolved, Tim if he d-ures it, we will garrifon it with a Part of the ift Brigade, and take imraediate Steps lor putting it in a Poftare of Defence 3 this we think not cnly Jue to the Nabob, but APPENDIX, N a iS. but a. nsceffary Meafure in infuring us a Footing on that Side of the River, whatever 0-r future Determinationi may be fefpefting the re A of the Country. Re'olved, That the following Detail of Stores delivered in by Stores to be provided ^ G . ner2lj be p rov idfd and forwarded without Delay, for the for the Serv.ce rf the Service of thaf Garr jf on . There is no Doubt of the Vizier's Garnfon, agreeably to fo j ic j t ; ng t fa s Ailiftance ; /h ;uld he nor, thefe Stores may be the Detail given by approp| .j ated to tne Ufe of our own Troops ; but rhit the rncft the Generalt expre.'s and peremptory Orders be given not to exceed the Bounds of that Frontier, or attempt any Thing cffenfively, whatever the Provocation againft the Agreed, That the Prefjd-nt addrefs the Vizier, informing him Th e re*denttowT,t,to of he above Jntentions fo f, r as thev refp( . a j^ anc , that a the Vszier: Alloa^et- L ., ter ke wr ; t fen to Colonel Champion, containing the Subjel ter to Ccl. Chimpion. of fhe preceding R e folution. It will be reqnifite that Orders be fent to Co'onel Champion D-ra!l o res g.ven M march Qne BattaHon of Sepoys> wi;h a Detachment of Artil- in by tn< eral. ]cj ^ con f,fti,, g o f Ons Subaltern Officer and 20 Men, including ron-cimrniflicned Officers, and 40 Lalcars,Two 6 Pounders, and a Howitzer, with iheir Proportion of Ammunition, to the Garrifon of Allabibad j and that Colonel Wilding be orcerfd to embark for TranfporUtion to that Garnlon with all Expedition, the five Iron 4. Pounders, on Garrifon Carriages, with ail the round and Grape Shot belonging to tho'e Gun, 100 Barrels of loofe Powder, and 100 Barrels of Mufquet Ammunition; 250 Stands of Spare Arms, zo.oco Mufquet Flints, all the Howitzer Shells, with their Fuzess, fee. and th the CommiiTary be directed to lend up a fuitable Proportion of Itnail Stores for this Ordnance: But as the Vizier has a confiderable Number of both heavy and light Cannon, with a J^rge Quantity of Powder and Bail, I /hoald recommend that he be defiled to fend Can- non and Ammunition to that Garrifon ; in which Cafe it wili be urinece-Tary to remove the Guns and Cannon Ammunition from Chunar Gur. But at anv Rate the Mufqutt Ammunition, Flints, Spare Arms, and Howitzers Shells, fliould be fent ; his Excellency fhould be delired to fend in Spades, Pickaxes, Mamonties, &c. with Gunnery Bags, and Protifions for 4000 Men for Three Months. This appears to be all that is immediately neceflaiy for the Defence of Allahabad, fince the Forces will be able to raife the Siege cf that Phce long before they can have expended fuch a Quantity of Provifions j but a Supply of Ammunition and Stores moft be fent from the grand Magazine at Patna to refurnifh the Gartifon of Chunar Gur, as well al'o from the P;efidency, to fupply the grand Magazine ; the Indent for which, the General will lay before the Commiiue as foon as it U prepared. Whatever Battalions of Sepoys the Vizier may tbinlc proper to join in forming the Garrifon of Allahabad, a Proportion of Ammunition ftould be lent with them from his Magazines, fince the above is only calculated for the Englith Troops; and Colonel Cham- pion mould confer with his Excellency on the lumber of Troops and Quantity of Ammunition, which it will be neccflary for him to fupply for the Defence of that G-ttrifon. To Colonel Champion, commanding the i ft Brigade. Sir, Ijttfr to Colonel As our '" te I nte N"'g er) ce of the Overthrow of the King'i Troops by . the Marattas, and of their having exacted from him the Ceflien of the Provinces of Corah and Currah, renders it orobable they will extend their Views to the Pofleflion of the Fort of Allahabad ; you will be pleafed, after having c*nfulteH with the Vizier on the Subject, and he apf^ars defirous of it, to match One Bttlk>n of Sepoyt, with a Detachment of Artillery, confiding of One Subaltern Officer, Twenty Men, including non-commiflioned Officers, and Forty Latcars, Two 6 Pounders, aid a Howitzer, wilh their Proportion of Ammunition, to that Garrifca ; you will like- wife confer with bis Excellency on the Number of Artificers and Military Stores necef- fary to be provided, with the Quantity of Provifion, which may be required for the Sup- port f the Garnfoo, until the Seafon of Action is expired j and on the Fiopjrtion of hi APPENDIX, No 1 8. own Forces, Gur,s, Ammunition, &c. he may judge requifite to fend with your Troop* fcr the Defence of (he Fort. At the fame Time w? direct you to give the moft exprefs and peremptory Orders to the Officer who may corjimand ihis Garrifon, not to exceed, on any Account, the Limits of his Station, or attemp' any Thing vftenfively againft the Marattas, whatever may be the Increment or Provoc.tion. We are, Sir, Your obedient Servants, Read, Three Letters from Gabriel Harper, under Dates the id, 6th, and 25th of De- tember 1772. Ordered, They be entered after this Proceeding. Relblved, That this Day's Proceedings be fubmitted to the Council, on their Secret Department. It appears from all the Papers of Intelligence inclofed in the preceding Letter from the Vizier, from the Camps of his Maiefty, and the reflective Maratta Saidars, that on the zzd R'.imzane, the Divifion of Bilagee, amounting to 15,000 Men, marched to Secoy ot Arub, about 4 Cofs from the Capital; Tookojie with his Div.fion, and Sabiter Cawn, amounting in all to about O,Oco Horfe, marched along the Banks of the Jumna, to oppofe the Troops of his Majefty umler the Command of Nudjif Cawn, Bifagee himfelf being oppofed to Monfieur Madox, with the Two Englifti difciplined Battalions, and his Majefty's other regular Tro ps j and that the Action was general, and lifted till about 4 o'Clock in the Afternoon, when the Marattas made a general Charge j after a fevere Struggle, his Majefty's Troops were obliged to give way; neverthelefs, they retreated regularly, and difputed the Ground as they retreated. Eleven Pieces of Artillery and Five Elrphanrs, with a large Number of Hories and Camels, were taken by the Ma- rattas. The Aftirn was bloody on both Sides. Side Mahomed Bulloach, a conliderable Rifala Dar on the Part of his Majefty, was killed, and feveral Jemmadars of Note on the Side of the Marattis; between Three or Four thoufand Men on both Sides, are fuppolcd to have fallen in this Day's Action. The Tents of Nudjif Cawn and Monfieur Madox fell into the Hands of the Marattas j at length the Troops were actually routed, and Nudjif Cawn, who put great Reliance in his Moguls, is much afliamed of their Conduct on the Occafion, and was obliged to take Refuge under the Conduct of Madox's Battalions, when they jointly retreated, and continued to oppofe the Marattas till the Clofe of Evening. It is reported, that Nudjif Cawn is wounded. One or Two Detach- ments of the Marattas made their Way into the City, and plundered great Part of it, which obliged the Inhabitants to fly for Shelter into the King's Fort. Excepting Monfieur Ma- dox, with the Two difciplined Battalions, and Nudjif Cawn, with a Handful of his chofen Men, all his Majefty's Forces were entirely routed ; but they continued refolutely to defend themielves under the Walls of the Fort till 8 o'Clock at Night, when they retired. From Intelligence received, under Date 24th Ruzani, it appears that his Majefly wrote to the Marattas, acquainting them, that he would comply with all their Demand? ; and and fent Huffain ut Dine Cawn to them for that Purpofe. Other Advices of thk Date add, That Affairs are on the Point of being concluded, by his Majtftv's having agreed to give up Corah and Kurrah, and Saharanpoor to the Marattas ; to appoint Sabiter Cawn. Buxey to relinquifh the Territories of the Jauts which his Majefty had conquered j and in fhort, to comply with all the Demands v.hich they may now or hereafter make. (Signed) A. B. Goodlad, Perfian Tranfljtor. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Ptefidentand Governor of Fort William, fee. &c. &c. aad to the Gentlemen of the Select Corr.iritt.ee. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, In my laft Addrefs-I had the Honour to acquaint you that the Marattas towards Delhi, J?y AUs that J i.ve jjift ieivd. '.hey -Atre arrive had marched arrived -t Duncotc Gaut APPENDIX, N 6 i$. Cauton the Ji;mna, which is Nine Cofs from the Capital. Byfagee by Arzos to th Ring, is endeavouring to lull him into Security, and a Belief of their good Intentions; but r.is Majefly feems to have a perfect Knowledge of what they mean to do, and appears jefoluteiy bent to oppofe their Attempts in favour of Zabita Cawn j for this Purpofe (as be concludes they will not reftrain from Force to accomplifh their Defigns), he is taking every Meafure to ftrengthen himfelf in Delhi, hat recalled all the Troops from different Parts, mounted a Number of Guns, and afiigaed the Ports to be occupied by the different Bodies of Troops. Inate U1U Cawn a few Days ago marched from Burati with the Troops he had eol- lefled, to oblige his Father to agree to his Demands ; he was followed by Hafez Rhamet Cawn, with all his Forces, a Part of which he detached againft his Son Four Days ago - r Inate Ulla Cawn did not decline the Battle, and very foon defeated the Chiefs fent againft him, and obliged them to retreat to the main Body ; the Day following, Hafez Rhamet, with all the Army, marched, and Inate Cawn waited for them, being encouraged from his Succefs the preceding Day, to hope to defeat his Father atfo ; but when the Armies were on the Point of engaging, fome Chiefs f sach Party interpo&d, artd brought about a Reconciliation j and Inate Cawn is now with his Father, who has promifed him every Thing he can in Reafon require. The Vizier is now conftantly at his Camp, Five Cofs from hence, difciplining his Troops, and preparing for the Field j and the Fortifications at this Place are going on with great Alacrity. J have the Honour to fubfcribe myfelf, with the greateft Refpedr, Honourable Sir, and Sirs, Fayzabad, Your mult obedient humble Servant, 2d December, 177*. Gabriel Harper. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident and Governor of Fort William, &c. &c. &c. and to the Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, I had the Honour to addrefs you on the ad Inftantj and am now to acquaint yo, that Part of the Forces of Byfagee and Toocogee have crofled the Jumna, and are mak- ing great Ravages in the Neighbourhood of Delhi ; his Majefly continues refolute to oppole their Meafures in favour of Zabita Cawn, and has publicly declared his Inten- tions of fighting the Marattas, (hould they perfift in their unreafonabie Demands. Inate Ulla Cawn, after defeating the Troops fent againft him by Hafez Rhamet, and being reconciled, as I had the Honour to acquaint you in my laft, has again quarrelled with his Father, and with his Troops is retiring from the Rohilla Country ; it is not certain whither he intends to go, but I think it moft likely he will come to the Vizier, who, I imagine, will be happy at fuch an Opportunity of encreafing his Animofity already exifting between himfelf and Hafez Rhamet Cawn. I have the Honour to fubfcribe myfelf, with the nigheft Refpeft, Honourable Sir, and Sirs, Your moft obedient and Fayzabad, moft humble Servant, 6th December, 1772. Gabriel Harper. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, &c. Prefident and Governor of Fort William, &c. &c. &c. and to the Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, The Succefs of the Marattas againft the King's Forces on the i8th and ipth Inftant, the Particulars of which have been feat to the Governor by the Vizier, has reduced his Majefty to the unhappy Neceffity of agreeing to the Demands of the Enemy ; which are fo exorbitant, that they will leave his Majefty fcarcely any Thing. The Provinces of Cora and Allahabad for themfelves ; the Poft of Buxey, with all the Territory dependent on it, for Zabita Cawn, are the Principals. They require him to give up all the Lands he has taken from the Jauts, to pay them the Balance of the Sums he promifed on his firft going to them, and to remain conftantly in their Protection. The Vizier, who' I bciicvt APPENDIX, N" 18. fcdieve always intended to detach a Body of Troops to the King's Afliftance on the F.ng- lifh Troops coming into the Subah of Oude, has now given up all Thoughts of the Kind, and feems only foiiciti'us for the Safety of his own Country : For this Purpofe, he intends to proceed with the Firft Brigade and his own Army to the moft eligible Place near his Frontiers, to oppofe any Attempts of the Enemy. From the Succefs the Marattas have had in every Thing they have undertaken, they will probably be bold enough to majch immediately into the Piftvince of Corah and Al-' lahabad ; and this, if any thing, will induce the Vizier to ctofs the Ganges ; for it feerns ahvays to have been his Intention to attempt the Defence of thofe Countries, as he in fome meafore looked on ihem united to hh ov.r, and had formed Hopes of obtaining them from the Kinj. The Death of Mhadarow, with the Succeffion of Narram Row, are confirmed beyond all Doubts. I have the Honour to fubfcribe myfelf, with Refpect, Honourable Sir, and Sirs, Fayzabad, Your mod obedient and 25th December, 1772. moft humbie Servant, .Gabriel Harper. Eerga! SeleH Confuhations, tbe ^Otb March, 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haflings, Efqf, William Alderfey, John Reed, } Efo/. P. M. Dacre, J Two Letters from Read, Two Letters from General Barker, dated tr*e 6th and iith General Sir Ro- Inftant, ioclofing Translation of a Shocca from ihe King to the Qe- bert Barker. neral j received yth Maich. To the Honourable Warren Haflings, Ifqf, &c. Gentlemen of the Seleft Committee, Gentlemen, Yefterday I arrived at his Excellency's Encampment at Ghouni, between the Riven Gurrah and Gumbary 5 and this Morning I had a Vifit from him. He informs me the Marattas ftill continue at Ramgaut. They have detached Zabi'a Cavvn to Hafez Rha- met, with Hopes of prevailing on him to join their Arms; and are fending Threats to the Pattan Chief, Muzzaffa Jung, Son to the late Ahmud Cawn, at Furruckabad ; who, however, has agreed with the Vizier to withhold himfelf from their Invitation, provided his Excellency will aiM him in the Defence of the Place. In confequence of this the Vizier has fent over Two thoufand Infantry, to take Poflefiion of the Head of the Bridge of Boats thrown over the Ganges near Furruckabad. The Marratas have fent Acber Ally Cawn to inform his Excellency, that his Maje% having conferred the Provinces of Corah and Kurrah on them, it is their Intention to take Pofll'flion of thofe Countries; and they have therefore given him this early Notice, that in cife he has any Troops on that Side, they may be removed. Upon the Prefident's Infoimation to the Vizier, of my being ordered to join the Army, he fufpended the Tranfa&ion of every Kind of Bufinefs until my Arrivsl ; and now appears defirous of conducting himfelf as m.a^ be moft agreeable to the Advice and Counfel of the Admini- ftration at Calcutta. This Conduct of the Vizier has thrown every Thing in Sufpence. Hafez Rhamet waits to fee the Effects of my Arrival, charged, as he fuppofes I am, with the Reiblution of the Board ; Muzzatta Jung, until he can difcover how the Nabob is difpofed to aflTift- himj and the Marattas, in Expectation of the Juncture of thefe Powers. It is necef- iary therefore that fonpething (hould be done. To remain inactive at a Time when the Expectation of the Whole are at the higheft Pitch, will be to lofe the Opportunity of making that Impreflion on their prefent undetermined Stale that might turn to our Ad- vantage, particularly as we are juft now in the fame Situation as when the Marattas laft Seafon defeated and ravaged the Country of Zajjita Cawn, Hafea Rhamet therefore I 2 cannot APPENDIX, N 18, cinnot flatttr himfelf with Security, while we remain within the former prefcribed Line, until he is divefled of thcfe Apprehenfions, by our actual March acrofe it j and we are in hopes thit this Movement wil! caufe a D:cifian in our Favour. Hafez will probably re- fufe the Invitaiion of the Marattas; if is voflible Zabita Cawn will not return to them j and Muzzatta Jung will refolve to defend Furruckabad. Confidering all thsfe Matters, together with the Advice and Rfqueft of tne Vizier, I ha^ve come to a Refuiution of erofling the Boundaiies of his Excellency's Dominions, and hope it will meet with your Approbation. In cunfequence of the Troops having marched to fuch a Diftance from the Corah Pro- vince, 1 have judged it neceflary to oider the I3th Battalion at Chunar Cur into the Lines at Cawnpore, not only to fecure our PafTJge acrofs the Gangts, but to hold a Cliim and Pofleflion of that Province in the Company's Name, until J /lull receive your Inftruftiops in what Manner it is to bs difpofed ofj and I hope you will judge it expe- dient to tranfmit them as foon as pofTiblf , or at leatl as foon as it is determined, whether thefe Provinces ire to belong to the Marattas or the Company. His Excellency has Eight thoofand Men at Cawnpore, Moneer ul Dowlah, Four : Now there is no Danger of thofe Lines being forced before the Troops could arrive there ; and as to their enter- ing the Piovince, it would probably reduce them to the very Thing we wifii for, a. Battle ; fince they could not, with any Sort of Reputation, dcfert their new Acqui- Jjlion without ri/k'ng One Blow, or making fome Effort to maintain their Pofleflions. Yaccot Cawn, Vackeel from the King, has brought Kelaats or DrelTes for the Vis^er and myfelf ; but his EmbafTy is purpofely intended to convey a lecret Letter from the King to me, undr a private Seal, the ImpreiTion of which he save me, at his Deparr ture from the Corah Piovince j a Tranfiate of this Letter fhall be fent To-morrow. 1 have the Honour to be, Gentlemtn, % Your moft obedient, Camp at Ghonni, humble Servant, March 6, 1773. Rt Barker, Letter from the? To tht Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Ptefideirt and Governor, General. 5 & c> Gentlemen of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, Thif Morning Captain Cockerel joined the Army, and by him I received your Lettef of Inftrudlions, untjer Date the igth February, which you may be aflured it fhall be my utmoft Endeavours to ac> conformable to. Since rr.y laft Adrirefs the Army has made Two Marches, which has brought us Two Cofs within the Diflda of Hafez Rhamet Cawn, and I /hall continue to proceed to the moft convenient Spot on the Banks of tjie Gang's oppofite to Ramgaut, where the Maratu Army ftill remain encamped. Hjfez Rhamet has made a March from Ouridlah to meet and join the Detachment of their Forces, which they have given out is to crofs the River by a Bridge of Boats, now preparing for the Purpofe under the Command of Fuefgee Nulha. Norwithftanding this Advancement of our Troops, Moneer ul Dowlah was on the Point of felting out fpr Cawnpore, agreeable to the Tenor of my Addrefs, to hate liken PojTtffion of thofe Provinces in Right of the Honourable Company, as their Naib ; but the Arrival of your Inftruftions has occafioned this to be altered, and he now proceeds as hi- M^jt-fty's Naib: and the Detachment of Sepoys I bad ordered for the De- fence of the Line', will continue in the fame Manner I before cJefigned. The Informa- tion you havedefired relative to thofe Provinces, ftall be obferved and forwarded with the uimoft Difpatch. I could wifli you bad not fo ftriaiy circumfcribed my Operations to the Northward of the Ganges, as lam perfuaded you would have had no Reafon to complain of an In- frirpfrrent, if you had granted a greatfr Limitation to the Southward, and you would put it in my Power to have harafled the Maratta Arms with greater Succefs; fince, if they ftiou!d make an Attack on the Frontiers of Corah, my being enabled to have crofled the Ganges at Furruckabad, and fo filler) on their Rear or heavy Divifion of their Army, mi. ht have proved of the greateft Benefit. PerroU me to recommend this Matter to your ConfidcutioQ. Mahajee A P P E N D I X, N- 18. Mnhajee Syndiah, who had searched towards the Decan, and hsd reached Jypoor, htt received Orders to join their main Body. I am, Gentleman, With R-fpe3, Head Quarters, Your moft obedient Camp at Azimpoir, humble Servant, March t*>h, 1773. R' Bsrk;r Irarjlate of a Sbocca f>cm tie King tt General Sir Rclert Barktr, in his vwn Hind. Shoucah from the Our Situation, and the Situation of Shajyahanabad, rnuft ha King to General kno-.vn to you from Repor*. We did not pay attention to your Six Robert Barker. Advice, and we have feen -hi Ccnfequenc!-.'. We are now la lien alone into the Hands of the Marzttas. At this Timr, it is necefftry to confirm a Peace with the Maratta Sardars, and give them Afimifiion ioto Corah and Kurr^h, on condition that they return Hcrne ; ^\-\ they fhil! have ictired ypu vvi|l re- ceive us. When we ourselves, and the whole Royal Family fhall have joined yu, what- ever may be advifeable may with Eale be carried into Execution, If inca'eof a War. which God forbid, they fhould become fuperior, all thofe Countries will be ruined j if on the contrary they fhoulJ be defeated, they will fly horn thence to the Capital, apd proceed upon a new Plan ; that is, they will fend for Gazyoaine Cawo, who they give ot is ap- proaching 5 they will ca f j;e the Vizeret to be conferred on him ; they will collect a irefh Army, and carry their Intentions into Execution. I: is therefore advifeable, by friendly Means, to fend them Hone. When we and you fhall be together, whatever m*y be ne- ccffjry to be done will wi h E:e be carried into Execution If you are at all Events de- termined on a War, in 'h It is a Saying of the .Antients, " that the Source of a Spring may be choaked by a fingle Clod, but let it " flow on> and you will not crofs it with an Elephant." It is advifeable not to po/tponft till To-morrow what can be done To-day ; and why fliould you make a Difficulty of what can be performed with Eafe and Facility ? It appears to me that this is the Time of Operation, and that fuch an Opportunity will not again happen; for I flatter my- felf, and indeed am certain, that Affairs will be fettled agreeable to our Wifhes, and all Matters take a favourable Turn, and be the Source of Advantage to the Englifh Cot).pany ; for I take upon mylelf the Payment of the whole Brigade, and excufing them the Delivery of the Bengal Tribute to the King. Do you, my Friend, atten- tively conf.drr this, and fend me a proper Anfwer to this with Expedition; and give Orders that a Brigade of Engl'fli Troops, being united with me, exert themfelves in op- pofing and punifhing the Marattas; and that they accompany me to Delhi, or any other Place that I may have formed an Intention of going to. By God's Blefllng ve.-y thing will Jbe well. 1 hsve the utmoft Confidence and greateft Reliance on your Friendfliip; and m this Affair which I have folicited, msy be the Advantage of the Eng- lifli Company, the End of al! Quarrels and Difturhances, their good Name and Repu:a- tion ; And this coes not appear to me any Lofs or Difad vantage whatever ; and it is orj every Account beft and adv'ifable, nd the CauJe of the Pleai'ure and Satisfaction of ycur Friend. My writing proceeds from my Advice, You. my Friend, will likewife reflect upon the Matter; and Colonel Champion will write the reft. From the above Advices the following appears to f>e the State of The Deliberations ArT^irs in that Quarter. The Genera) and the Vizier have crofied ei the Commiitees. the Boundary of the Vizier's Country, and are encamped near the Marattas rr. the oppoiite Side of the River ; that Zabi'.a Cawn had been deputed from the Marattas and Hafez Rhamet to perfuade him to join them, and that he had accordingly marched from Oundlah, the Place of Rendezvous for the RohilU Forces, to mett a Body of' their Troops who were to crofs the River by a Bridge of Boats, not with landing the Advance of our Army ; >et it is fuppofed he does not entertain any Defign to unite himfelf with the Maratta.', it being cuftomary for that Chief to treat with both Parries, and adhere to neither : That Muzattajung, who by the Death of h's Father Aneed Cawn, holds pofTeffion of Furruckabad, had thrown himfelf into the Vizier's Protection, and that the Nabob lud actually fcnt 2000 of his Infantry tOAjTi.t him in the Defence of his. City s That the Marattas have formerly declared their luumion* of poiTeffmg themfelves of Corah and Kurrah, conformably to the Grants of the King, and have required the Vi- /.er to withdraw his 7roops rrom thole Province: That the Vizier had awaited the General's Arrival, and by this Means thrown every Thing into a State of Sufpence iif Rhamet i in Expectation of the Refult of the Vizier's Councils before he de- clare* himfeli' Musfatta Jung, un'.il he can difcover how far the Nabob is determined *o ai5ft him and the Marattas, regard the Junction of thole Powers as a Meafure una- -'."- The General is of Opinion that Something fhguld fce done at this Crifu, to APPENDIX, N 18. tnake an Tmprrffion on their undetermined Star?, which might turn to our Advantage; fhat as the Allies are at prefent fuuated and confined to a ceitain prefcribed Line, the Rollings cannot look for any Security, and that our paffing it at this Juncture might be productive of very favourable Diverfjon, for Hafez Rhmet would probably refufe the Invitation of the Maratias ; Zbiu Cawn might feize this Occafion of aflerting his In- dependence, and Musr'utta Jung would continue firm in bis Refolution of defending Fur- ruckabad, and that the Genera! has been induced by thefe Confiderations to pal's the Boundary of the Vizier's Dominions; that he had likewife ordered the ijth Battalion into the Lines or' Cawnpore, not only to fecure a Paflage aerofs the Ganges, but to hold a Claim and Poflefiion of the Conh Province on the Part of the Company; that the Vizier appeared entirely fatisfied with our Intentions of holding this Country until it fliall be determined in what Manner it is to be difpofed of, and thinks that the Ge- neral fliould direct Menire ul Dowlah to continue the Management of it in the Name of the Company That the good Effects of the Step the General had taken in pafling the Bounds of the Vizier's Dominions are already apparent, fince it has been the Means of preventing the Marattas from crofiing the River, forming a Junction with the Ro- hillas, and ravaging the Nabob's Territories; but thar, as he had not made his Inten- tions public, of defending the Corah Province, it is very probable the Marattas will ad- vance confidently to poflefs theml'elves of it, an Event he is extremely defirous of, as the only Means within the Limits of his Inftiuftions to relieve the Anxieties of the Vizier, and the annual Demands of our Affiflance ; otherwife that he fees no End of the ineffec- tive Campaign in that Quarter. The Vizier in the mean Time feems -extremely anxious that fome decifne Blow be ftruck to weaken the overgrown Power of the Marattas, and thinks this to be the moft favourable Seafon for undertaking it ; that if our Troops are permitted to accompany him to Delhi, or to any Place where he may find a Neceffity of leading them, it will be the Sourci of much Advantage to the Company, fince he will take upon himfelf the Payment of the whole Brigade, and excufe them the Delivery of the Bengal Tribute to the King. The King is defirous that the Marattas be permitted to take quiet Poffeflion of the ceded Provinces, imagining, that in this Cafe they will fpeedily return to the Decan, and that then he will be able to join us with the Royal Family j but that if we are deter- mined on a War with them, it fliould be commenced at fome Diftance from the Capital ; and that a Brigade, with a Body of the Vizier's Troops, be feat with a large Sura of Money, to facilitate this Jun^ion, fhould the Mautta Army be defeated. The Refolution of the The Committee having ferioufly confidered the Purport of the ~ m| above Advices, are of Opinion, that nothing fliould be done on ' our Part until the Pofleflion of Corah and the Grant of Aflign- ment from the Vizier for the Arrears now due, and for the msnthly Payment of the 1,15,000 Rupees, are finally fecured to us. Thus far however it. may be expedient to extend the Lines of our Instructions to the General, by authoriz- ing him, in cafe the Marattas fhould either attack Corah, or approach fo near, as to place it in his Power, by croffing the River, to inclofe them between the Province of Co- rah and his Army, and attack them in their Rear, that we permit him to pafs the Ri- ver : That this Step once taken, and attended with Succefs, he be directed again to have Recourfe to the Orders he has already been furniftied with, in the Cafe of his having croffed the Boundary of the Corah Province for the fame Purpofe; that is to fay, that he do not fuffer himfelf to be drawn further from the Borderi of that Pro- vince ; but return immediately within the prefcribed Line, after he has executed the Ser- vice he had undertaken. That the Committee approve of his having entered the Dominions of Hafez Rhamet ; and that he b: directed to divert the Vizier from the Hope of accompanying him to DeJhi, as we are determined invariably to purfue the defenfivc Plan we have adopted. Agreed, That the following Letter be fent to General Barker. To Brigadier Central Sir Robert Barker, Commander in Chief under the Prefidencjr. Sir, I rttr* t n r.n.r,] ^ e k ave ^ etn floured with your Letters of the 6th and nth In- Barkei flant ' indolin S a TranfUte of a Letter from the King. Thefe, with Exu.ils from jour Letter to ;ht Prefiden: gf the loth, futmitted to 5 iMir APPENDIX, N IS. n-r P.rufal, have er.ibled us to form a competent Judgment of the Tranfsciions in your Quaiter. The Affifnment which we have required from the Vizier for tlie Arrears now due, and for the monthly Payment of 1,15,000 Rupee', is a Point of fuch immediate Con- cein to us, that we aie refolved to admit of no Operation in Concert with him, or for the Defence ot" h's Territories, unlefs h? fliall have fuft complied with this Requifition, Should he, contrary to our Expectations, refufe us this Security, you muft immediately leave him, and make the Defence of Corah your foie Gbjeft. Our Inftruflions on this Point are fo vrry clear and explicit, that we refer you again to them for our Refol'.ition BpOn it, which is fixed and unalterable. We are in daily Expectation of hearing from Jon, that the Alternative which we have enjoined is alr:ady carried into Execution, In confequence of your Rtprcfcntations, we deem it expedient to extend the Line of cur Inftruftionf, by authorizing you, in cafe the Movements of the Marattas ftiould fit it in your Power, by crolTjns; the River, to inclofc them between the Corah Province nd your Army, and by this Vleans to attack them in their Rear, to pals the River; but Aouid the Muntiy fur Twenty Cols to the Weftward ot Corah : Upon my receiving tnis Piece of Intelligr nee, I immediately wrote to him ; re- quefting he would defer h a Intentions t:ll I had the Honour of ac. Interview with him ; which he rea give much SatitfjcVion. At prefent he is come to no Resolution, but To-morro* I /hall be aM e to write \ou more full,. By Letters dated the I4.rh Jnitant the Marinas weie at Ram^au-, and bv Accounts had written to the King, f rtfling him to j in, or to fend on? of his Sons. |n the Evening of that Day they had determined to march towards Furiuckihad. Mi.zzitu Jung has made a Bridge acrois the C.anpes, near the Pert of Fuirockbad, *nd is leady to join the Vixier with a large Force. I have the Honour to remain, ws the farmer was much incline^, snd the latter wavering and undetermined what Hart to take; but on onr near Approach, Hafez Rharr.etCjwn would be convinced that he was frrioos in Spooning him ; and he would in confequence theieif immediatrly join. And he exprefTed his further Refolution, th3t if the Marattzs nurchtd part Fi,rruckabjd, he would crofs with his whole Army, and join the Foires of Hafez Rh^met Cawn and Muzzatta Jung, and fall on their Rear, wh.llt we marched back on this SiHe the. River, 3s fjr ?s Cawnpore, where the Bridge fhould be TeaJy for us to crols over; and he rr.ade not the leaft Doubt but that he ftould very foon diivethe Enemy out of the Corah Province. Hi :s at ih-s Time colleiting Doats to throw a Bridge acrofs the Gan-beria, which is not forilahle : when it is comple'eJ, he wiJ march. He propofes movir^p reuer to Fur- n.ckabac'. 1 tvuch doubt his Reiolotion of croffmg the Gange without our Forces: However, at prefent the teit Appearances (hould be put on, in oidrr, if pcflible, to pre- vent the Juniiion of thofe Troops with the Mzra'fas, the min Body of which are fVni at RBT taut. I have juft received Accounts of a Bndf of 5000 having crofted rhe Jumna at Calpcc 1 fhc'jld fuppofe with an Intention to plunder. To-morrow we (hall teceive fur- ther Accounts regarding them. J hope foon to f<-e the General, who, no doubt, is better acquainted with jour Sentiments, and hew far he can venture to at on fo important an Qccaf;on. I hay: the Honour to remain, with Refpedr,, Cirr.p near Sarn^ee, Sir, 19'h February 1773. Yc-r mod obedient humble Servant, A, phampjon, K. * To APPENDIX, Ni8,. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident and Governor of Fort William, &c. Sir, I had thc-Honour to recive your Letter, dared the loth ; to the Content? of which I fliall pay due Attention.* Alfo the one for his Excellency, through Mr. Gecdlad, which has been delivered to him. By the News papers from the Weftward, the Marattas Hill remain in the fame Situa- tion as in my Lit. J have the Honour to remain, with the greateft Refpecl, Camp near Sir, Durrnaporr, Your moft obedient humble Servant, 6 February 1773. A. Champion. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident and Governor cf Fort William, &c. Sir, We have received certain Intelligence that Zabita Cawn, with Pader Mulhur, who di. reels the Maratta Councils, were difpatrhed the ?.6th Infiant with Two th< ufand Korfr, on an EmbafTy to Hafez Rhamet Cawn, who they expect to bring over to their Intereft, and to obtain a Sum of Money from. -The main Body are ftul at Ramgaut. Since the News of the General's fetting out in order to join the Army, all Bufinefs i$ at a Stand. 1 hope to have the Pleafure of feeing him foon. I remain, with with ths utrrjoft Refper, Dumnapnre, Your moft obedient humble Servant, between the Gurrah and Gamberia, A, Champion. a6th February 1773. To the Honourable Warren Hafttngs, Efq; PreGdent and Govrrnor of Fort William, &c. Sir, I have the Honour to acquaint you, that in ronfequence of a particular Rcqueft made by his Excellency, I have this Day received a Vifit from Muzzaffa Jur.g, be; ween the Ganges and Gamberia Rivers, chieflv inftrucled to prove the Fnendftiip fubiiftir;g between the Englifh and the Vizier j but no Kind of Bufinefs was brought on the Carpet, nor am I acquainted with the Nabob's Intentions. The cuftumary Prefents on thefe Occaficng y/ere made to him, fjr which I hope to receive your Approbat.on. By Lstters dated the zd Inftant, the main Body oc" the Marattas ftill remain at Ram. gaut. The Genewl 1 expeft will be here the 5ih in the Morning. J remain, with the gteateft Refpeft, Camp on the Banks of the Cambria. Sir, jd March 1773 Your moft obedient humble Servant, A. Champion, Agreed, That the Receipt of them be acknowledged, and that we thank him in gene- .-*! Terms for the Conduct he has observed in the Courfc of his Command. To Colonel A. Champion, commanding the id Brigade. Sir, We have received your Letters of the 28th January, the jth, ytb, 8th, nth, izth, J7th, ig'h, ztfth, and agth February, and the jd InftaiU. And we uke this Oppurtunity of expreffing our Approbation of your Condua during the Cou i ft of Command. Fort William, '" "^ ^Oth Marcli 1773. y our humble Servants . Ordered, APPENDIX, N 18. Ordered, That the Paprrs of Intelligence tranfmitted by Colonel Champion, be en, tercd after this Proceeding. The Sh'ip Heflor being undfr Difpatch for Furore ; Ordered, That the Secretary do prepare a Draft of a Letter to the Honourable th Court of Direfters, from this Department. Warren Haftings, AVm A'derfey, P. M. Dacres. Kf-ws from Delb'i, tie Maratta Carr.p. It appears from thelaft Papers from Delhi, dated ihe ith Inftant, that the Marrattas were croHing, and were encamped with their Buzar and Carriage Cattle, at Inocr Gunge. Tiie Troops appeared to be diflatisfied with their Commanders, being defirous of re- turning to tit Dfcan ; but Byfagee has pacified them with Aflurancec, that after they take Pofleflion of Furruckabad and ths P:ovince of Corah, and have zujjtifted the Reve- nues of thefe Territories, that he would return with them to the Decan. Madajee Sindia, the Chief, who frems fo much diflatisfied with Byfagee and Tuccojee, was plundering the Country about Roanie, which is 40 Cofs from Delhi, and belongs to the Jauts ; from whence it is faid h<- will march to Jannagur, which is in the Ragapoot's Country. There is, however, little Credit to be given to thefe Appearances of Difagreement amongft the Maratta Chiefs, as it feems to have been one of their fixed Syftems in Politics to appear to difagrer, the better to cover their real Defigns. Byfaaee and Tuccojee fent Orders to NedjifY Cawn to join their Army with the Troops he had under his Command, which, by the feveral Papen, feem to be about 2500 or 3000 : As it was not in his Power to refufe them, he endeavoured to make Terms, and demanded an Hundred Rupees per Month for each Horfeman, and Pcrmiflion to encamp one Cofs from the Body of their Army j from which 1 fhould fuppofe he purpofes embracing the fitft Opportunity to leave them. Bengal St'efl Confutation, tie i$tb dprll 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Hafting?, Efqulre, William Aide/fey, and Philip Milner Dacres. Mr. Reed departed for Chittagong. Read, the Five following Letters from General Barker, dated the ifth, aoth, sift, Z3d, 24-th March, with One Inclofure in the Firft. To the Honourable Warren Haftine?, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, Gcstlemen of the Seledl Committee, at Calcutta. Gentlemen, At an Interview with bis Excellency the Vizier this Morning, the Balances of the Com- pany's extra Expences WAS finally fettled to the End of February, agreeable to the State- ment which I nerrwich tranfir.it to you; the ready Specie will be paid immediately, and the Ord;reon his Zemindars are to be ffnt to me. The Balances of the laft Year the Nabob has defired may be defrayed from his Tuncaw of Ten Lacks on the Muxadabad Treafury, accepted by the Honourable John Cartier, Efq. amounting to Two Lacks Seventy-nine thoufand Rupees ; One Lack has been paid by his Excellency to the Pay. mafter of the ift Brigade, and the Remainder you will perceive is regulated in the State- ment ; and for the Statement of the future Payments, Ellich Cawn is fent for to Camp j this I hope to fix by fome regular monthly Mode, fmce he doea not chufe to give Tuncaws on the Gazypoor Zemindary. The Information of this Morning is, that the Maratta Sardars, after a Confutation on the Approach of his Excellency's and the Engliih Fo'ccs, came to a Refolution of fending all their valuable Baggage to Culpec, where a Bridge is to be thrown over the Jumna APPENDIX, N" 18. Jumna for Us Pafrgs, and the main Army is to rendezvous at Pallara, In the Neigtibonr- ihoodof Furruckabad. I ft.all neverthelef, continue my Rout towards Ram Gaut, tu fee what Determination the Rohilla will come to This Retreat of the Maratra Forces will do them much Dilcreait \itb the Generality of the Powers, znd may far fome of the mod principal near the Gauts of th? Jumna, to effect fome Oppofition. In this Place, Gen- tleroen, I cannot but lament the llgnal Advantages that might have been tiken, had not you thought it improper for your Forces to have crcffed the great River, for had my crc-fling been oifcretionil, I could not fail of attacking their heavy Baggage, the collecting of ll their late Campaigns, with undoubted Succcfs, and this mult either have brought en a General Engagement, or their abfolute Flight from the Country. If this is not effeaed, I cannot at prsient fee any Benefit the Honourable Company will reap by the Poffeflionofthe Corah Province, fince the Marattas qiay take the lame Advantage of the Abfence of your Forces, which ihey have been doing thefe Thre; Years paft, J am, Gentlemen, with Rcfpecl, Head Quarters, Your moft obeoient, Camp near the Juar Vufndar R;?er, humble Servant, March Jfth, 1773. R. Barker. STATEMENT of the Extra Expences incurred by the Honourable Company's Forces employed in the Subsh of Oude, and the Advances made by the Vizier, from June 177* tili February 1773, inclufive. The Balance of the laft Campa'gn, amounting to 2,79,000 Rupees, having be?n de- frayed by an Ordrr on his Excellency's Tuncaw for Ten Lacks, accepted by the Honourable John Cariier, Efqnire, during his Government. A Detachment of Two Battalions of Sepovs, from June 177* till November following, 6 Months, at 5000 per Month, R s 60, ceo The ift Brigade, 3 Months, De- cember, January, and Februa- ry, at i, 1 5,000 R s per Month 3,45,000 Total 4,05.0^0 Cain paid by the Vizier to the Pay r of the ift Brigade Rs i,cq,oco March i S th 1773, An Order on the Ra>a of Biflwary 1,30,000 D on the Nabob Moneer ul Cowla i, io,coo In Specie, to be paid in Camp 65,000 Total 4,05,000 To the Honourable Warren Hefting*, Efqu're, Prefident and Governor, Gentlemen of Of the Select Committee. Gemlemen, Since the Date of my laft, a few repeated Marches brought me Yefterday about 10 Cofs from Rm Gaut ; and I there received Information that a Body of Marattas, under the Command of Tookajee Holcar, hadcrofled the Ganges with Iitentto feizs and carry ofFihe Rohilla Hafrz RhamttCawn, who ha? bern carrying on the fame double Dealings as here- tofore praflifed cy that treacherous Seft. This Body of Marattas were, however, firft obliged to make themfelves Maftersofa Pcft and fmall Fort in the Road to Haifez's Camp, defended by the BucklTie, Tuccoo ; alter a very warm Attack, carried the Poft, or rather obliged the Buck/he to propoff. Terrcs of Capitulation, by having expended all his Ammunition, and then made him Prifoner, with great Part of his Baggaee. This Eufinefs detained the Operations of the Maraitas on this Side till this Morning, and the near Approach of our Forces has, I luupofe, prefrrved Hafez, from an Attack on the Line of March. This Mfrning I r=ceived Information that the Gaut of Curruckpore, about i\ Cofs fiom Ram Gaur, was the only Place fordable, and that a Body of Ma- rattas were at that Juncture crofiing for the Affiftance of Tuccogee. I hefitated not immediately to quit my firft Rout to fecure this Gaut, and on my Arrival found a Body of about 5000 were on (he Brd of the River, apparently juft eroded, and the oppofite Banks were crowded with their Forces. I immediately rraiie a Mot on to attack them, but th-y waited not for a Trial, re-cro(Ting the River with fotne Expedition; the whole Body then took their Route towards Ram Gaut, along the oppofite Bank? of the River where Billagee was encamped ; and 1 proceeded with the Troops under my Con). mand to this Place, which is Ctuatcd beivvten the Curruckpore and Ram Gauts, and ntst allo APPENDIX, N;8. alfo to the Poft of the BncLffie, the Remains of whr.fe Trofps, amounting tr i "oo, have iequclv the Channel is at this Time. I am, Head Quarters, Gentlemen, Camp near Al^tpore, with Refpet, xi March 1773. Your moil obedient humble Servant, R. Barker. To the Honourable Wanen Haftings, Efq'.iire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Ge.it'e- men of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, Inclofed I tranfmit you a Duplicate of my Letter of the lift. Tn Confequence of a Confutation with hs Excellency on the Si'uation of the Maratta Forces, which certain Intelligence advifes us wrie 1'eparated by the Ganges, Turcoj.ee Holkar being in the Rohilla Difuidl, about i en or Fifteen Cofs to the Weftward of Ramgaut, and Bifijgee at the Diftance of only Three Cofs from thg oppofite Banks; it was de'ermined, as an Advantage that proinifed much to diftiefi and diminiiTi the Power of this Tribe, that his Excellency the Vizier, with his Cavalry, and that of Hafez Rhamet, mould march to attack Tucco in the Rohilla D:ftr:c1, while the EngHfh Troops ended the Ganges to attack BirTagee. Permit me, Gentlemen, here to aduie you, th-.t upon a mature Con- fideration on the Spirit o' your InftrudHons, the Latitude you gave to my Operations from the Frontiers of Corah, and that hid you known the Circumftances of the very insufficient Defence the Ganges has proved to the Irruptions of the Marattas into the Rohilla Dif- tricls lying to the Northward of the River, from the Number o! the Fords, it would no doubt have attracted y.jur Attention. I cor.fiaer myftlf fuuated and empowered in like Manner to make ufe of the Advantage which offers itfeif of makipg an Attack' on their Foices under BilTagce, particularly as the Defiance was fo fmili that my Retura could be immediate. I therefore crofled the Ganges at the C*ut of Carrackpore Yerterday Morn- ing (the Depth of W. ter no where exceeding -^ Feet), without the (mallei}. O^pofition, The Army immediately encamped ; and 1 pu:heo on with the Grenadiers of the Army, and Two Battalions of iepoys, to the Diftance of aOcut Three Cols. We faw feveral /haggling Parties of their Cavalry on our Advance, to the Number of near Fifteen hundred. When the Party reached the Ground Biflagee had nccnnied the Evening belcrr, Intelligence was broughtin ;hat hehad decamped with the jrestsit Pir(ipiui:or>, ia.mcdUtcly on the AJvarce or APPENDIX, N'i8. of ourTroops beginning to crofs, and halted not till he had reached the Difiance of Fifteen Cofs. After remaining a few Hours on the Ground, I ordeied the Party to return to the Encampment on the Banks of the River. On our Return, the Party of Horfe which had retired on our Approach in the Forenoon, nude their Appearance in our Rear, and were very trouble.'ome. From fome Sufpicions of the Treachery of the Rohilla, I lup- pofe the Plan of the Attack of Tuccojce, by the joint Endeavours of the Vizier and Hafez, was not undertaken. As this Attempt has failed to bring them to an Action, I fli'.ll re-crofs the Ganges To- morrow, and wait for your fuither Inibuftions ; during which Time 1 fhall be ible to fettle the Affairs of the Rohilla with his Excellency. By the accompanying Papers of Intelligence, you will perceive how exceedingly ter* rified they are. Their Retreat may be termed a Flight 5 and it is faid the common Villagers armed, and plundered their Biggage, fo great was their Conflernation. J had an Officer Ytfterday wounded. I am, Head Quarters, Gentiemen, Camp near Ram Gaut, Your moll obrdient humble Servant, 3d March 1773. ** Barker. To the Honourable Warren Hafiings, Efqj Prefident and Governor, Sec. Gentlemen of the Seleci Committee. Gentlemen, 1 now beg leave to tranfmit a Duplicate of my Addrefs to you under Date of Yefier- day. This Morning the Troops repaffrd the Ganges at the fame Ghaut which they forded on the azd Infhnt. The Marattas made no Attempts to interrupt the Re^r. Biflagee, with his Divifion, took his March towards Caoul it is reported, and Tuccogee with about 1 5,000 continues in the Rohilla Diftricls on this Sice of the River $ Sunebul he has already deftroyed, and threatens the other principal Towns. Yefterday I had a Vifit from Hafez Ramuc and his Excellency the Vizier, when the Situation of the Affairs of the Rohilla were debated. The coming ia of Hafez has affuaged his Excellency a good deal ; and upon Conditions of the Rohilli immediately clearing oH" the laft Year's Treaty of 40 Lacks of Rupees, it has been determined to afford their Families and Country Protection from the Ravages of the Marattas ; of which the Nabob is to pay the Company to Lacks for the Part they will take in this Protection : But in Default of the fulfilling of this Agreement by the Roh l!a, his Excellency agrees to pay the Sum of Fifty Lacks of Rupees to the Company, for their Aid in putting him in Poflsflion of the Rohilla Diftricls, commonly known by the Territories of Hafez Ramut. In confequence of the Determination to protect the Rohilla, I (hall To-morrow proceed with all Expedition towards Buflouly, about 18 Cofs diftant, whither the Intellijrnee aiviies us Tuccogee has marched in Expectation of fccuring the Family of Hafez Ramut Cawn. Head Quarters, I am, Gentle-men, with Refpect, Camp near AlTutpore, Your motf obedient humble Servant, 34 March 1773. R. B.uker. Agreed, That the following Reply be immediately maJe to the above Letters : To Brigadier General Sir Robert Barker, Commander in Chief of the Forces under ths Prefidency. Sir, We have received your feveral Letters, with their Enclofures, under Date the 15*11, 2pth, aift, ajd, and 4th Ultimo. We remark, with much Satisfadion, the Caution obferved by you in not commencing Hoflilities with the Marattas, and in delaying to fire until our Army had received re- peated Shots from them ; but we cannot approve your having afierwards exceeded our Orders, by crofling the River Ganges to attack the Marattas, nor of the ReaA-ns af- iigned for that Meafure. We rouft defire you to carry in rcmen brance the very peremp- tory Orders we hve ourfelves received from our Honourable Employers, to a.t only on the detenfive, nd to aveid, by every poflible Meant, the marching of our Forces to inch 7 a Diftance APPENDIX, N 18, Diftance from our Provinces as to leave them d?(Htute of their A'd. It was fir this Reafnn, and not from any Opinion we had of the Sufficiency of the Ganges ts a Barrier agairc!t the Maratta Army, that we made that Rivrr the Boundary cf your Operations beyond the Province of Corah. We are, however, faisfied, from your immediate Re- turn to your former Station within :he [.refcribed Line, that you meant to conform your- felftothe Spirit of our Infiruclions j neverthcleff, as we have oeen paniculir in providing for every probable Emergence, by recommending the Manner in which we would have you aut t-our th ufand Men, and a few Piece* of Cannon, to defend the Fords ; an Attack which Bufa made Yefterday Morning upon this DUachmcMt, wiih ceitain Ac-vices of the Junflion of the Two Chiefs, has brought me back to this Place; the Maratias chole not to remain upon our near Approach, but decamped at Three o'Ciock in the Morning, and retired towards the Caliiac Nudder, about 15 Cef< within Land. Upon a Rep-.-rula! of my feveral AdHrefTes, which \vere wrote a Occurrences hap. pened, I find it necefliry to be more explicit in my Rcjfo-s for Two O;>erstions, viz. marching immediately to the Fords at Curruckpcre or Ram Gaut, on the loth, and my crofting tne River to difludi;e Bi'fagee on the azd, from the optofite Banks. \V!un I m-rched frcm Shaw Sewan the z;th, at Two in the Morning, I expected to have fuipnzed Tuccoo in his Attack at Aflotpore, whers the Rohilla Buck/hey Ahmed Khan was polled 5 but on the March I r.-,ctived Information of his having capitulated, and Tuctoo, upon Advice of our Approach, in full March for the Fords at Furruckporc. I: becjme therefore necelldry-to gain the Fords before him, which I did not a Quarter cf an Hour, and Bufa upon this Manoeuvre was marching to his Afliflance. A confiderable Number had crciTed, and Multitudes were on the oppofite Bmks. On our Appearance thofe who hdd juft crofl'cd, retired with Precipitation, and Tuccoo, who was advancing, went to the Ri.-ht about, and fled up the River, whilfl Bufa kept moving flowly upwards on the of p' fits B;nks to engage our Attention. Upon our Anival at Ram Oatir, riiftant ibout 3 Cofs from Cnrruckpore, I found there were fevera! Fords, ami it was liiJ ihere were feveral others higher up. Bufagee had arrronted our Colours m"ft indignantly by his prffumpruous Cannonade on the Day of our Arrive!, v. i n his infrlent Parades and rlring of Small Atms the fucceeding Day. Tuc- coo WJS at Hie Difhnce of 15 Cofs up the Banks of thr River, Bufagee not encamped above 3 Cof from thr Oppoiite Banks. , To have followed Tucco^gee withojt didodging Bufz, woulo II.HV- p:ven Mm every Advantage of falling on our Supplies in the Rear and cutting them eft", and Grain was at this Time only 6 Ster for a Rupee in our Buzar. I could not prevail on his Exte'lency to crofs the River and attack Bufa ; and did I think, it confident with the Reputation of your Forces, that the Vizier fhould attack the mod confiJeroble B )dy of the Ma:atta r , particularly the Party too who had commenced open Hoftilities with us aid their Firil Chief. In this Exigency therefore, ron(:Hering your Inftrucl.ons, under the fame Predicament as thole for my Conduct on the Boundaries of the Corah Proving, 1 croflf-d, ano having diflodged Bufjgee, I returned to purfue Tuccoo, who lias now q-iiUed the Rolnlla Country alfoj and I hope this will meet with youi Ap* probation. I am, with Refpeft, Gentlemen, He*d Quarters, Your molt ob'-dient Camp near am Gaur, humble Servan'', aS,h March 1773. R l Barker. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefi dent and Governor, &c. Members of the Selcd Committee. Gentlemen, Sine: I Uft aOdreiFed OH, the Troops have con'in'ied encamped near Ram Gaut j the Vizier oppofite the Ford of Cuiruckpore, 'nd Hafe/. Rlumet with his Forces at the Gaut ofPoo', wt.eie Tuccor-gee crofle.l Ironi hr Rohilia Dirtrifls : Nothing material has oc- curred lince. The Marattas are fnc^mped at the Diflance of 20 or 25 Co:s on the me- dium Road between Caoul .ind Delhi. I wait with Inpatiencs tor your fudher Inftruc- tions. and ha^e thrown a Crida' df Boats acrofs the Ganges, tochiftife the Audacioufneft cf the Manttaf, if they (hou'rl rel-jme their wanton Bcait of Parade fo neir our Encamp- ment as they did before. The Intelligencer a<'.vif-s that they have daily Meetings, but are not yet determine.! what fun to purfue. Tin- hot Sesfon is advancing fait, and if it fhovild he your Intention to cany th- Arms of the Company againfi them between the Rivers, J would beg leave to recommend, on account of die Moitaaty th*t ii it probable L % Bliht APPENDIX, N 18. might happen zir.or.g the younger Officers, Europeans, and Soldiers, from the violent Heats of this Part of the Country (unleft abfolute Occafion fhould require immediate Operations), that I might be permitted to defer crofling the River till the tuft Week after the Rains. The Country between the Rivers would render us lubfervient to many Dif- ficulties at this dry Seafon, fforn the Barrfnncls, the Devaftation of the Maratta Army, nd the Want of Water, there being only Wells to be relied on, and thofe but few. . In the mean Time, I (hail order Gianaries to be formed at Cawnpore and Furruckabad, left our daily Supplies fliould at any Time fail. I am however very apprehenfive for his Majefty's Safet>, left if the Marartas determine to retreat, they may retort on him, ani cany the whole Royal Family with them. I am, Head Quarters, Gentlemen, Camp near Ram Gaut, with Refpecl, 4'.h April 1773. Your moft obedient, humble Servant, Rt Barker. Agreed, we acknowledge the Recript of his Letter, and refer him to our former Orders for his further Proceedings 9 which, we ate of Opinion, at this Time require no Addition; and the rather, at the General himfelf writes, that even if an otfenfive War were to be carried on agaml the Marattas, it had better be fufpended till the Heats are paff-d ,and the Raini ft t in. The General, in the Account inclofed in his Letter of the 151)1 March, having in- jerted the Sum of 2,79,000 R s , the Balance of the extra Charges of ihe laft Campaign, as having been difcharged by an Order on the King's Tuncaw, in favour of the Vizier, for 10 Lacks accepted by Mr. Cartier, the late Prcfident ; the Committee are willing to take advantage of the Prefence of Mr. Middleton, to refer to him for Information of the Particulars of this Tuncaw, and of the Orders which Mr. Cartier may have given concerning the Payment, as no mention appears to have been made of it in the public Records, either in the Council or Select Committee. Mr. Middleton informs the Committee, That he received from his PredecefTor, Mr. Alexander, Two of his Majefty's Tuncaws, in favour of the Vizier, one for 10 Lacks of Rupees, and the other for i l.jck. Mr. Alexander at the fame Time delivered him a Letter from the then Prefident, Mr. Cartier, dated in November 1771, defiring that thefe Two Tuncaws might be discharged in preference to any other} in confequence of which, 4 Lacks were paid in part, and are indorfed off the Tuncaws of 10 Lacks. Soon after the Difburfement of this Money, the Muxadabid Council of Revenue received an Order from the Board, prohibiting any further Payments from their Treafury, on account of the King's Stipend; therefore there flill remains a Balance of 7 L^cks due on account of thefe Tuncaws. Mr. Middleton funher informs the Committee, that the Order mentioned in the General's Letter for 1,79,000 R s on Account of the Extra Charges of the Army, is, now in bis Pofieffion j but is not paid nor accepted, he having not received Authority to do e ther. Refolved, we refer it to the Council, whether the Payment of the remaining Balance of thefe Tuncaws fhall he allowed ; as this muft be firft deciced before we can determine on crediting the Vizier for 1,79,000 Rs. Agreed alfo, That in our Letter to the General, we remark the Acceptance of the Tuncaw on Monere ul Dowlah, for j 1,000 Rupees, which we fuppole could only be difcrurged from the Revenues of the Coiah Province; and as he is now informed of our Intentions relative to the Collections of that Diftrifl, we would have him decline any further Aflignment! on them.' To Brigadier General Sir Robert Barker, Commander in Chief under the Prefidency. Sir, Since we wrote you under Due the ijth Inftant, we have received your Letters of the a6-h and :8tS March, and 4-0 Inftanr, with their Jnclofures. For v.nr f..rth^r Proceedings we refer you to the ftveral fnftruftions you have already rfWivod, to which we think there is no Nweflity for addin ? any Thing at this Time; a/id the rather, as you aie of Opinion yourfelf, that even if an offenfive War ftould be cajried APPENDIX, No 1 8. c:rrird on againft the Marattas, it had better be fofpended until the Heats are pafled, and the Rains fet in. We hope that the Aflignment granted by the Vizier to the Nabob Monere ul Dowlah, of i, 1 0,000 Rupees, is not to be paid out of the Corah Revenues, although we fee no other Means we can have to difcharge it. As you are now fully informed of our Intentions relative to the Collections of that D.ftridi, we defire you will not in future accept of any Afiignments on them. We ihall write t> you mortly concerning the Afiignments given for the laft Year's Sixpences on his Majefly'i Tuncaw. We are, Sir, Fort William, Your moft obedient 7th April 1773. humble Servants, Warren Haftings, Wm Alderfey, P. M. Dacres. Bengal Selcff Confultathnt, tie 14/f May 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire. Wm Alderfey, j and ( Efquires. P. M. Dacres, J Rrad, the following Extracts from the Proceedings of the Council in their Secret Department. Extra ft from the Secret Department Ccnfultation, of tie iyb May 1773. The Prefident lays before the Board, ihc following Extract from the Proceedings of ihe S^leel Committee : The Board are of Opinion, That in conformity to the Orders iflued by the Committee of Revenue, the laft to the Council of Revenue at Moor/hedabad, to ftop Payment of tn King's Tribute, no Part of it can be regubrly discharged until they fliall have formed fome general Refolut-on concerning the Subject of the King's Right to the perpetual Riceipt of his Tribute. Agreed, That the Aflignment of any Part of his Tribute, whether to the Vizier or any other Perfon, can n.ake no Alteration in the Propriety of the former Refolution regarding it ; neither does it confer any Right to the Perfons in whofe Favour fuch Afiignment is granted, unlefs made by the Authority of Government, or formally ac- cepted of by it. Nfverthelffs, as many Circuniltjnces relating to this Tranfa&ion have occafion^lly appeared which were not originally entered on our Proceedings, and as we are yet unacquainted with what pafled between the General and the Vizier, upon the Occfion of the Vizie.'s receiving the Tuncaws from the King, we cannot proceed to a final Rrfolut'.on on nce thereof {hall b? immediately paH to him ; but we will not pre- judge the Matter againft ourfelves, by allowing him piefcnt Pofftlfion. Agreed, We now write the General as follows: To APPENDIX, N 18. To Bri| adier General Sir Robert Barker, Commander in Chief under the Prefidency. Sir, Upon a Reference to the Prelident and Council, of our Proceeding* i,f the u;th April, relative to the Acceptance of the Affignrmnts from the V.zier of 2,79,000 Rupees on his Maji -fly's Tuncaw, in Part Payment of the extra Charges of the Army, it is their Opinion , that no Part of it can regularly be difcharged in conformi'y witn the Orders iflued fc r flopping Payment of the Tribute, until fome general ReLlytions are fuft formed on this Subject, and on the King's Right to the perpetual Receipt of the Tribute ; and that the Aflignment of any Part of it, whether to the Vizier or any o'her Perfon, can make no Alteration in the Propriety of that Refolution, nor confer any Right < m the Perfon* in wrhofe Favour fuch Alignments have been made, unlefs they were witch the AfTent of Government, or they had been formally accepted. As w are yet uninformed of the Manner the Vizier became pnfTefTed of the Align- ments in queftion, or of the Circumftances on which he has grounded a Claim upon the Compan for the Payment of them, independent of 'he King's Right transferred to him, we avoid coming to anv immediate Determination upon it j and Jhall wait till we can obtain ather Lights belides the imperfeft Materids which we have c.illecled on our Records, and wilh to be furnifLed by you with the Particulars of what palled between the Vizier a nd you, on the Otcafion of his advancing the Sums for which he received the Tuncaw s from the King. We A 'fire you will, for the prefent, infift upon fome other Mode of Payment from the Vizier, e if the extra Charges of the Brigade, s we cannot, nor will admit of their being Mended '.vith an Account which yet remains undetermined ; at the fame Time aiJuring theVisier, that if, after a fair Enquiry into th s Affair, it (ball appear that he is entitled t o the Amount of the Alignment, the Balance of the Tuncaw {hall be irr.medi* ately pai J. We are, Sir, I'ort William, Your moft obedient humble Servants, li;th May 1773. Warren Raftings, Wm Alderfey, P. M. Dacies. Bengal Stleft Confutations, the i6tb May 1773. PRESENT. The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqnire, William Aldeifey, and P. M. Dacres, Eiquins. Read, and approved, the Proceedings ef the i4th Inftant. Read, the following Six Letters from General 6ir Robert Barker. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Gentlemen of .the Select Committee. Gentlemen, Since my Addiefs of the 4th Inftant, nothins worthy Communkation has occurred, The Intelligence from the Mararta Encampment contains nothing but conftra>neci Boaft of Men, who are defirous or keeping up th; Spirits of their People with a Declaration of their Intention of re-croffmg the River to give us a Meeting. I only hope they will b-. as good as their Declarations, as I promife it will fave your Arms much Tiouble and Expence. Inciofed jou will rfceive Two Papers of Intelligence, on' from the Maratta Encampment, the o'her from Delhi; the lair is but juft arrived, and the (hort Space of Time for the Difpttch of the Daulks. prevents my being able to fend you a Tranflation of it : The Contents are of an extraordinary Nature. I am, Ceatlexen, with Refper, Head Quarters, Your moft obedient Carrp near Rani Gaut, humble Servant, n t h April 1773. Re Barker. To APPENDIX, N 18. To the Honourable Warren Hafttnes, Present and Governor, &c. Gentlemen Select Committee. Gentlemen, Since my laft Addrefs the Marattas have detached a Body of Men towards Currun jbaufs, a Ford about Seven Cofs above this Place, which they have received IntelJigen 2 of; and they have given out, that the main Body, with Bufagee and Tuccogee, will march To-morrow by the fame Rout. Left i: may appear extraordinary to you that Hafez has remained at fuch a Diftance from the Virier ever fince he firft came in, I mu ft beg' leave to inform you, that when we fiift quitted Ram Gaut in Purfuit of Tuccoo.. they ravaged the Diftricts of Mauradabad, &c. Upon his re-crofling the River, Hafez matched to the Gaut of Poor, to fecii'e that Ford, where he has continued ever fince j a M eafure equally neceflary and ufrful. It has not therefore bem pofljble to come to any Determi- nation relative to th Balance of laft Year's Agreement, between the Rohilh* and the Vizier; nor will it, until Affairs are finally ("eterrrined with the Maiattas; fince urging the Matter at this Juncture might caufe a Junction between thofe Powers, .irhft hjs as much to apprehend from the Vizier as them. I am, Gentlemen, with Refpect, Head Quarters, Your moft ofeedient Camp near Ram Gaur, humble Servant, Auiil J3th, 1773. Rt Barker^ To the Honourable Warren Haftines, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Gendflneo of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, The Day before Yefterday I informed you of the March of a Detachment of Marstta* tow?rds Currumbaufia, and of a Report that the main Body were to follow as Yefter&y i for the Security of the Rohilla Country, and apprehending that the Intentions or riie Marattas were only to attack Hafez, and after ravaging the Country to re-crofs at the Fords above Succurhaut, which they could eafily have effected had they been permitted to crofs, I thought it neceflary to move alib towards the reported Ford at Currumbaula; which I did Yefterday Morning j and have fince learnt, that the advanced Detachment of the Marattas of about 4000 Regulars, and fome of the Bendurra, after making a ihert- Stay t CurrundafTa, moved up the Banks of the River towards Ahar, where there is &d to be a very good Ford, and which is defended by about 5000 of the Rohilla Troops with fome Pieces of Cannon. The main Body of the Marattas marched Yefterday to Debbhi, a Town about Eijht Cofs front thl, where they have halted j Ahar is about Nine Cofs fiom Currumbuffe ;. the Vizier, with his Forces, continues at Ram Gaut, for the Security of the Bridge ot' Boats and the Ford of Currackpore. Our late Inactivity has appeared to them very differently from the real Caufe, imagining we were waiting for the fwe.liog of the Rivers, and then to commence our Operations acrofs the Ganges, with this Advantage, of their not being able to make any Attempt n the Rohilla or the Vizier's Dominions during our Abfence. Thefe Reflections have ia- duced them to throw out Hints of a Dell re to come to fome Reconciliation, which thty have communicated through Nuzzuf Cawn (whofe Intimacy with the Engli/h is not unknown to them), requeuing his Influence with the Mediation. The Anfwer I have- returned to Nuzzuf Cawn, to be communicated to the Maratta Sardars, I inclofe a Traitf- lation of, and is to this Purport, That if the Marat' a Sardars are inclined to a Peace, they muft give up every Pietenfion to Corah a. id Currah, leave the v, hole up the County between the Rivers at the Difpoia! of th- K.'ng and V'Z'er, and then (elves return to the Decan without Delay; that 1 alfo advife then;, in a friendly Manner, to retire witk the Laurels and Credit they have been acquiring thefe Five Y^at paft, and not to hazard the Difcredit of them with Forces whofc Prowefs is univrrfaily known. Thefe Conditions cannot poffibly be agreed to j I think, and I hope it will produce fome De> termination, of which you fliali be early advifeu. I am, Head Quarters, Cfnt!emen & c - & e Camp near CurrumbuiTi, Rt Barker, ly.h April 1779. T APPENDIX, N 18. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, President and Governor, &c. Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, Since the Date of my laft, the Marratas have continued in the fame Situation near Dubbhi, and fo have vour Forces on this Side the River ; the Contents of my Letter to Nudjiff Cawn has aftonifhed the MarattaSardars a good deal j they have not >et come to a Determination what to do, but feemdcfirous of a Reconciliation ; and 1 underhand they have fent a Vackeel to the Vizier to prevail on him and Hafez Rhamut 10 bring about a Peace, and fave their Credit. I Ycfterday was favoured with your Letter of the jo-h ultimo, and from its Contents I flatter myfelf you will not difapprove my Attempt acrofs the Ganges. I am in hopes that the prefent Delay of Operations may continue till the River has fwelled fufficiently to render the Ford unpayable, and, consequently, any Attempt on Hafez ot the Vizier's Country impracticable ; ihould, therefore, the MaratUs, from a Failure in their Overtures of a Peace, form any Attempts on the Province of Corah in their Way to the Banks of the Jumna, to which Intent they have already thrown out fome Declarations, I purpofe to take the Advantage which your Extenuation of the former Inftruclions authorizes, to crofs the River at Ram Gaut or this Place, and attack their Rear ; but you may be affured of my ftrict Attention to your Plan for my Opeiatiom on that Side the River. Your Instructions, under Date the 17th February, direct the Defence of the Corah Province, as an Al.'y to the King ; viz. ' It is understood, that whether >ou remain in * quiet PofTefiion of this Province, or are engaged in Hoftilities in it, you are to act only as in Alliance with the King, and you are to confirm and maintain his Naib Muneer u! *' Dowla. the actual Government of it ; " but he is to remain under your Controul, " and to be accountable to the Company for the Revenues of the Province, till fuc'i Time ' as it fliall be finally fettled in what Manner they are to be hereafter difpofed." Not- withftanding Muneer ul Dowla is nominally Naib of thofe Provinces on the Part of the Royal Houfe, he ats in reality for the Company ; and the King himfcif, entertaining no other Idea, which he evinces in a Letter I have received from him, requeuing that a Jaghire, which he appropriated fome Time ago for the Ufe of one of his Son?, might be paid as heretofore out of the Revenues of thefe Provinces, and requefting th: Board will grant him fome Alleviation to hit Dinrtfles, by permitting Muneer ut Dowla to remit him One or more Lacks of Rupees, to be accounted for hereafter at the Board may dired. His Excellency continues to pay the Monthly extra Expences regularly. Head Quarters, 1 am, Gentlemen, with Pvefpec}, Camp near Currumbufli, Your moil obedient humble Servant, April zo, 1773. R bt Baiker. To the Honourable Warren Hafting?, Efquire, Prefident, and Governor, &c. Gentlemen of the Seled Committee. Gentlemen, The inclofcd Papers of Intelligence Aom the Maratta Camp, will inform you of the Undeterminate and inelblute Situation they ftill continue in; nor can 1, with any Profpedls cf Advantage, crofs the River, for I am too well allured they will not venture to remain within 10 Ccfs of me, and it is almoft as certain the Marattas would retreat to the Capital, of courfe render it impoflible for me to attempt a Purfuit your Inftrufiion only authoriaing me to act for the Defence of the Province of Corah and the RohilU Pofleflions on this Side of the Ganges; or, it is not impoflible but the V'aratus might crofs the River higher up, and commit Depredations afiefli on the alreafly diftrefled Country. Unlefs, therefore, the Marattas fhould move towards the Frov nco cf Corah, 1 fliall not think of crofling the River; but in that Cafe 1 fluil not hefitj e to puifue them with all Expedition, as it will be a Means of fecunng a Paffa s e for the King to the Vizier, as well s render the Marattas cautious how they attempt the Corah Province* with our Army following in the Rear. A Vackeel from BufTagee has been fome Days in the Vizier's Camp, and he was intro- duced to m; ; but no Bufmefs was talked on, any further than veiy warm Cautions OT my Part againft their prefuming to advance towards the Corah Province. His Excellency teil me he will keep Matters in the fame State of Sufpence, if poffible, till the Rifing of 6 APPENDIX, N is. the Ganges fhall render th; prefent Fords iirpa(Tdble, and this muft very fhortly be the Cafe, as it appears the Snow on the Mountains alread/ begins to thaw, by the River having rofe fomewbat fince our coming to this Ground. Head Quartets, I am, Gentlemen, Camp near Cimambufla, Your moft obedient humble Servan', a;th April 1773. R. Barker. To the Honourable Warren Haftmjs, Enquire, Piefident and Governor, &c. Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Grnt'emen, This Day 1 nave received your Letter of the 151)1 Ultimo, ?nd with much Concern It has conveyed to me your Disapprobation of mv Pnrfoit of the Mara' tas acrcfs the Ganges ; I hope the fur'.hrr Explanation contained in my Adtlrefi t.f the z8th March, will induce you to think more favourably of that Meafure, and tha 1 : it will appear to you an Act ab- folutely necrfiary j for without fuch an Operation, it would have been imprflibie for me to quit the Ford for the Reiiet o the Robilli Pollefiions, fince by fo doing, it mould have given Betfa < ve-y Advantage of cutting oft" both our Communication and Supplies from the Vuier's Dominions, a Danger much to be apprehended from a Body o! Horfe ; and to have remained inactive and infulted on the B^nks of ihe River, would not have been to' have acted wi'h that Spirit which your Inftruclions recommend to me in the Profe- cution of the War on this Side of the Ganges ; nor was it pollible forms to view the Na'ure of your Infirudhons as you ferm to have intended, or that my crofiing the Ganges would tend fo immediately to ihe carrying oft' your Force 5 to a greater Diftance tiom your own Province than the Purfuit of any lirdy of Marattas on this Side of it. Did the Courfe of the Cannes run ftom North to South, fuch a Surmize mipht be made ; but if you \\ill be pleaied to examine into the Map of Hindoftan, you will find 1 am as unlimited en this Side as the other wi.h regard to D.fiance ; and your Inftruflwns inform me, that the Latitude granted to my Operations in the Corah Province, which, lying open to the Mararta?, mav afford them too great an Arvantage in the Attack, fhould they be allowed to He unrr.olcfted near its Borders j but on the other Side of the Ganges you confidered that River as a R-fficient Security againft fuch Atiempts, and therefore direft that I do not fufter any Confidtration to lead me acre's it. I am now informed, by your Letter of the i jth Aoiil, to avoid, by every poflible Means, the marching of yo'.:r Forces to fuch * Diflance from your Provinces, as to leave them dcftitute of their Aid j it was for this Reafon, and riot frt m any Opinion you had of the Sufficiency of the Ganges as a Barrier again!! the Maratta Army, that you made that River the Boundary to my Operations beyond the Province of Corah. It was natural for me to fuppole, wiien *ou rt-ftlved on the Defence of Hafrz Country, that you meant to extend your Forces to the Diffance of his Territory, fhoti'd there be Occafion, ctherwife your Intentions might have proved abortive. I can sfiure >ou, Gentlemen, that at all Times whete 1 have urged the Mea- fure of profecuting the War between the Rivers, it was never my Intention to carry your Arms to a further D.ftancs than you have already prefcribed, nor had I any other V'evv but of reducing the T^aratta PoiTeflions that lie on the South Eaft of Ram Gaut. The Siege of Ettawa ar.d Kanonga would hsve produced a general Aclion, or 'he Re-iuSion of thofe Places, the Reftitution of which, rr a Grant of them to his M.jefty, could not fail of producing folid Advantage? to our Honourable Errployrrs; and I have Realon to fuppofe the Exclufion of the Tribute, which tne Company have engaged therrfeives fo pay annually to his Majefty, might not have been the only Advantage which :hry would hare dtrived from fuch an Important Campaign. Thefe weiemy Motives, and if I have urgvd any Meafure which has not been confonant with the Syflem and Plans our Ho- nourable Employers have laid down, I on only fay, that it proceeds from a Defire uf advancing and p'omcting ihe Hon i:r and Intereft uf the Company in this Empire. Neuron Hur.-it, the Mara'.ta Vackee!, has left the V:/icr, fatisfied with the All'urances ofhisExcell ncy to find aiong with them to the Dtrtan a trofty 1'erfon, who fliall he im- powered to fettle the Att_-irs of t: is C^uarttr w;th their Chief, Narrain Raio j and with this h^ppy h'xc'Me the Mjrat:as ire in tull March to the Jumna, in order to crofs that River: 'I hi? thry have been fuf^red to go cffwlth app rent Reputation, when their moft fan^'ii-r Kxp. Nations could promile ihem Safety in a precipitate Retreat only. As our Letter if the i;h Ultimo has d-prived me of the only Mean? ofenfcp.ini thePav- ment of the Moiety of the 40 Lacks, viz. that arr'rightening the Rohilla to Performance of their Tr-aty, it is well known, that neither Promife or Oaths have beer sole to bind RFF.V. M thif APPENDIX, N 1 8. thii treacherous Sect of People to their Engagements ; their own Inteiefts, or the'r own Fears, ate the only Springs by which they can be moved. I fliall wait your further Orders on this Head, provided they pay not their promifed Stipulation. And here I cannot but remark your Obfrrvation, that in the whole Courfe of our Alliance with the Vi- zier, an Equivalent for our Afiiii.mc* has never been je! fufficiently attended to ; but every Mealure we have adopieH, in Conjunction with him, appears to be wholly calculated for the peculiar Advantage of reaping the fole Benefits of the entire Exciufion of the Company. As this in a great Meafure reflects on my Conduit, and the Inattention I have eivt-n to the Company's Welfare, permit me 10 observe, that I, is Excellency giving the Moiety of the 40 Lacks of Rupees to be received fiom the Ruliilla, together with a Payment, at the Rate of 14 La.ks per Annum, for the Expence of the Troops during their -Aliiilance in this Undertaking, or an O.Tcr of H->lf a Crora of Rup-es, with his Endeavours to ob- tain a Remiflion of the Tribute from Bengal, cannot beefteemed an entire Exciufion of the Company ; ar.l if he has been remifs in ;he D vifion, it v as Jeft with you, Gentlemen, to propoie, and I arn convinced he would readily enter intr every previous Condition that would iecure to (he Company an Equivalent for fach important Service. : I cannot cor.rl'jdetms Letter without regretting, that inflead of receiving your Sent". mer.ts on the Phn on which you would h.ive me proceed as Ciffumfiancfs alter, and the Coneuir. which 1 (hould obierve to the fevral Pfwei! ; and in no Manner plf.dee the Faith of the Fnglifh for His S.fety, if" he offers to jo ; r. the Vizier's upon fuch an AfTurance, for we \vifti moft maturely and deliberately to confider a Step of fo much Importance to the C-mpanv, be r o:e it receives o.ir Affrnt; am we defne, therefore, that you will (.ive us ih- earliffi Intelligence that may be inti- n;a:ed to you of the King's havuig fuch a Propokl in View. Weaie, Fort William, Sir, 7th Miy 1773. Your moft obedient humble Servants. The General's Le'ter of the 6th Miy, above recorded, containing many Refactions upon the Orders of the S-lect Committee; I he Committee think it neceflary to enter the follow ng Remarks for their own Juftification. As a Member of ihe Board, and of the Sele.'.t Committee, the General was entitled to know the Reafons on which my Inftruc- tions given to him are grounded ; and more efpecially, as in the rxtenfive Province of his Command, many Emergencies might occur for which his Inftrudtions wculd have made no Provifion, and by knowing the Principles and Tendency of our political Meafure% mij;lv adopt them to fuch extraordinary Caufes when they happened ; but if the Latitude is allowed him, to put Interpretation at his Pleafure en the Reafons there afligned for the Orders given him, and to inveftitute himfelf the Ju.lge in what Cafes they ate appli- cable to thofe Orders, or empower him to tranfgrefs them ; it is furcly unnectffary, and we miift confidrr it as an Indifcreti.>r>, to fubject the Authority of Government to the Appfar^i-.ce of fo much Leviry or Weskm-fs, in prescribing any Limits to his Operations, or hying down any Rules for his Cor.dudt, which are to depend on his Will the Inftant they are communicated to him. The Orders of the Board are full minu'e, and peremptory, and implicit Obedience is required to them. Every Cafe which occurred to the Forefight of the Members of the Adminiftration, of whom the General was One and perfonally prefcnt, was diftinct'y con- sidered, and the Mode of Action prrfctibed for each ; the Situation of the Atmy in which the General thought proper to crofs the Ganges and attack the Marattas, was fcrefeen, and exprefsly defcribed in the Inrtroctions, which forbid him to crofs the River from the Ron ilia Diftricts, wh'tever Advantage or Provocaiion the Neighbourhood of the Ma- rattas might afford him. The immediate Confluences of his thus tranfgreffing the Bounds prefcribed to him are immaterial : the Government was charged with the Refpon- fibility ; it was their Duty and it was their Intereft to keep the Reins of Controul in, their own Hands; once let fall they would not eafily be refumed. If they had fuffered this fingle Ir.ftance of Deviation from their Commands to pafs unnoticed, by what Power was the Army to be reftrained from proceeding to any Diftance, or engaging in the moft dangerous Enterpriies ? or on what Principle could the Commander be judged culpab'e for following the Dictates of his own Judgment, when he was thus indefinitely authorized to do it ? Every Motive which fwayed the Board could not he commuted to Record, neither was it nectflary. It will eafily be ften that it was with Reludlance that the Board af- fented to the March of the Army b?yond our own Frontiers 5 compelled to it by the double Obligation of protecting the Peifon and Poffeffions of the Vizier our Ally, and maintaining our own Rights to the Province of Corah, wreffed from the Hands of the King, to whom it was conditionally granted on the Part of the Company, and threatened with an inftant Invafion. In both thefe Objects we were happily furnifhed with clear and undoubted Authority from the Company, and we were peremptorily forbid to go be. yond them. Confonant to the Orders which had been given to us were thofe we gave to the General, to defend the Poffpflions of the Vizier and the Province of Ccrah, and to make them the fole Object of his Attention : He was forbid to pals the Borders of Co- rah, except for an Inftant in the Profecmion of an immediate Service, beeaufe no Li. rnitation could be fixed beyond it ; he was allowed a greater Latitude on the Eaftern Side of the River, and authorized to penetrate into the Rohilla Diflrifl?, beeaufe the whole Space which he was allowed to act in was bounded by fuch clear Limits, that it was impe/lible for him to pafs them without a Breach of Orders, and there was no Danger of his acting at any Diftance within that Extent. We knew that the whole Ambition of the Vizier was to go to Dflhi, and to declare open War with the Marattas ; we kne%v, that both were Points of powerful Attraction to the Ambition of a military Commander, and that the Neighbourhood of the Marattas would afford an equal Irritation to the Spirit M 2 and APPENDIX, N 18. Senfible as we are of the important Advantages attending on a free Communication between the different Settlements, you may be aUureri we /hail always tnmlmit to you the earlieft Information of any Event or Meafure which we judge likely to affccl the general Syftem ; but as your Administration are well acquainted with the cautious Plan we have invariably purfued in refpect to the Marattas, and as the Ste^s we have taken this Year tended rattier to fecure than endanger the public Tranquillity, by preventing Hostilities, which muft have inevitably followed, had our Troops not marchrd, we omitted to advife you of Circumfhnces from which we did not apprehend any material Confequence. Our Engagements with Sujah ul Dowla obliged us, at his repeated and earned Sjh'citati- ons, to march a Party of our Army to protect him from an Invafion of the Maratus, which they had publicly threatened ; and the Intelligence of the King's DetVat ; and that the Marattai had exrottcd from him a Grant of the Province of Corah, which we had ceded for the Support of his Dignity, induced us to 'advance our Troops to the Borders of that Country to oppofe their taking Poflellicn, for we thought oorfelves certainly entitled to the Reverfion of Corah, when the King could no longer maintain thTn. Our Troops were, however, ftriclly enjoined to aft only on the defenfive ; and fo re- ligioufly did we adhere to this our original Plan, that although the two Armies were a long Time within View of each other, and the Marattas threw out repeated Provoca- tions, no Hoftilities took place on our Part ; a Cannonading was indeed one D ire, Prefident and Council of Fort William, Gentlemen, By Lct'.ers juft recei/ed from his Excellency I am informed, that the King is on the Point of ceding the Corsh and Allahabad Provinces to the Marattas j and as he talks of acting oftenfively againft their taking Pofiefiion of thefe province?, I could wi(h to re- ceive yoer Orders on a'M?.erof fo much Confluence 5 and until I am honoured there- with T-fliali abide by' the Inftrtictions which I have already received from you, Gentle- men, dated the i jth -November 1771, which exprefsly enjoins me to acl only for the Defence of his Dominions, and the Security of his Perfon. Camp.Illahabad, I am, &c. January i^tb', 1773. (Signed) A. Champion. Th' Prefiderrt lays before the Board the following Letters from the Vizier and the Na- bob Muniieer Dowla : From tie Nabob Stijab nl Doiviah. Rece'rve-d i%'b "January 1773. I at this Time learn from the Writers of Int-l!igence, that a Battle will fhortly take Place between your Friend and the Marattas. Notwithstanding, by God's Bleffing and the Afliibnce of our joint Union, I am prepared to oppofe them, and 1 am fcnfible that the E;:glifn Forces and your Friend are enough and fufficient to give them an Anfwer, and in a proper M'nner to retort an Injury ; yet from my Forethought I write you, that the Forces of the Enemy are compofed of Horfe, and I believe they will crofs the River, and ravage and lay wafle the Country ; it is therefore beft that another Camp, that is to fay, 5 or 6 Battalions, (Tiould proceed and be ready near Benares, and they will then be a Barrier to Azom, Absd, Benares, and Allahabad, and be very beneficial. For the reft, 1 have before written you repeatedly to difpatch General Barker ; and you, my Friend, iikewile wrote me, mat you obferved the Pleafure and Satisfaction of your Friend, as veil in Trifks as Matters of Importance. He therefore flatters himfelf, from the Friend- ftip between us, that you will difpatch the General hence with Speed and Expedition, for in his coming many Benefits and Advantages are contained, and he is properly ac- quainted with the.Situatioa and Aft'airs of this Quarter. My APPENDIX, K 18. My Friend, I well uaderftand the Affairs and Matters of this Quarter, and retaining this in View, I wfifcr you, that your fending the General is exceflively advifeable, and by the Blefling of Cod the Concerns of the Company and myfclf will take a proper Turn, and the good Name and Reputation of my Fripd exceed his Predfceflbrs, and be productive of prefent and future Benefits. With refpeft to what yeu have written, that the General is en- gaged in Affair* jn Calcutta, fince by God's Ble:ling my Friend is there, I know that the General's Prefence is not neceflary, and it is my utmoft Pleafure and Excefs of Satif- faftion that you difpatch the General. In thefe Times, your Letters fliouid a.-rive with me, and mine with ypu in the Space of Two Days, for it is necelVaty we Ihouid be ac- quainted with each other's Situation ; and what you writs Colonel Champion on the Sub- ject of War and Military Matters, and th Affairs of this Quarter, you fhould likewife write me agreeably thereto, thar. being both acquainted with it we /hould aft in confe- quence thereof, and futttr it not to happen, that you write one Thing to Colonel Champion, and I be ignorant of it, and -when we begin to aft, there Qiould then be a Contrariety and Difference in our Operations} on this account therefore it is requifite you will make your Heart perfeftly eafy en my Part. By God's Bleffing and the Afiifl- ance of the Union of the Engliih Sirdars,.! am prepared to oppofe my Enemies. Who- ever fhall entertain an Intension againft me, mail be feverely puni/hed ; neverthelcfs of my Forethought, the fending a Camp to the Diftricls of Binares is highly advifable, and the Difpofition of the General is xcelT;ve light and proper, and will be the Subject of your Friend's utmoft Satisfaction. Confidering my Heart in Impatience, you will ever b writing me your friendly Lsttets, A true Translation, (Signed) B. Goodlad. Perfian Translator. ^n:rnv7n. Tranjlatlon of a Letter fnm tie Nabob Maneer a! Doivla to tie Honourable ffarrea Hjfi* ir.gi, F.jquire, . After H f s .l Co pr,rnt,. -ihvoejved your Letter relitive to the Royal Revenues. You have been pleafed te^rite-tbat the Situation cf the Country on. Account of the late deftruftive Famine is not unknpwn ; that the Inhabitants were reduced to the ,!aft Diftrefs, and the Country feft defolatej that no one has ever fcen or even heard of fo fevere a Misfortune in the Ccuntry ; that it. will require a Length of Time for the Country and Inhabitants to recover then faroser State ; ye; by the favour of the Almighty, the good Fortune of his Majetty, and the'Praysrs of your Friends, you flatter yourfelf that the Country will become flou- riihing as heretofore, and that you (hall require Honour by tranfmitting the Revenues, lhatJ JUB Jfll acquainted with your fincete Attachment to uis Maj^-fty, What you have wrote is ftriftly true ; I myielf \va<= at Calcutta in the Seafon of the Famine, and beheld with mine own Eyes tr.e Diftrefs of the Innabi'ants, and made his Majefty lully ac- quainted with. -tins Circwruftancts on my Return to the Prefence. Loyalty, and Services of the Englifh Sirdars, are flrongly impreHl'd OT his ; ')u his moft faithful Weii-wifhers and the supporters of v.cidents there hive b?en Delays in tranfTitring the Rcyal - Coaitquence ? By ths iBieffing of God and your Endeavours, the v. >, an! you yourielf fincerely intent on fej^ding the Revenues: 'v'anner, anc, as htCetofore, they will regularly and y, a^ttcabic to whac you have wrote, evrr prateft : . y your t:^;i;niiu.j. the Royal Rev-nties. Concludes with Compliments. A uue 'irar.'- B. Goodlad, Fenian Tranflator. !tr :.'.' Dov,h tc the Hcr.rurable Mr. Haftirgr. It is reported, that in a fe* Days aur the Cor.clufkm nf Affairs, the Maratta Sirdars will proceed from th-: Q untrv of the Vizier ; thry ;<*. i.,.i,c Thoughts ali'j oi rciur.iijig to ;he Decan ; t^e V.zier with L : fe and Fortune is APPENDIX, N 18. is from his Heart firmly united with you and the EngHfh Sirdars, and efteems bis own Safety to be immediately connected with theirs, nor atn I difunited from the Vizier and the E"g!;(h Sirdars; I am now as your Naib, with Ten Thoufand good Horfe and Foot, anri Eight Pieces of Cinnon ready and prepared, in the Chuclckh of Corah, which is the Frontier of the Company, and will give up my Lire in the Service of the Vizier, you, and the Englifh Company. I will not tetite before the Marattas, but will continue firmly prepared to receive them ; you mufl fupp 1 ort me with Expedition , at this Time it appears abfolutely neceflary that you fhould fend General Barker with Six or Seven Battalions to join the Vizier ; by the Favour of the Almighty Victory fliall be yours. You have not a Scarcity of Troops or Artillery ; to fubdue the Marattas is extremely eafy ; the Vizier alfo is prepared to receive them ; I myfelf, agreeable to his Direflions, rr arched from Corah, and encamped on the Sixth Shovaul with my Troops at Caonpoor, on the Banfts of the Ganges. Further, agreeable to the Directions of the Vizier, I have, befide my old Forces, begun to entertain new, both Horfe and Foot. A Copy cf his Letter to tee on that Subjeft I enclofe for your Infpeclion, The Purpirt of the J-'izier't Letter to Mutineer ul Dow.'*. After mentioning the Situation of Affairs at the Capital, is rr> defire he will imme- diately prepare for the Defence of the Corah Province, and promifes to join him in a Ihort Tirnej defires he wiii immediately raife Twenty or Five-and-twenty thoufand Men, and not to be ur.eafy about the Payment of thefe Troops j repeats his Intentioai of joining him with Expedition. A true Trar.flation; by A. Bennet Goodlad, Perfian Translator. Trarjlat-on of a Thanh ftom toe King la :l> Honourable Mr. Hrfingt, Ufual Introduction. We have received your Erzere, fetting forth the Attachment, Duty, Loyalty, and good Intentions, and acknowledging the Receipt of tur Royal Thouah, ftriclly enjoin- ing the Payment of the Revenues; and that Munneer ill Dowla alfo has repeatedly wrote on the fame Subject; but the Situdtion of the Country, from whence alone Money- is to be obtained, how fliall you dcfc-ibe it? That in confequence of the late Famine, the Whole wears the mo.t defolate Appearance ; but that you rlaiter vourfdf, by 'J ^ Favour of the Almighty, that the Country will, as heretoforr, become populous anci flouri/hing ; and that you will acquire Honour in tranfmitting the Royal Revenues. We have received the above, and fully comprehend the Contents. By the Favour of thi Almighty, the Duty, Obedience, Uriel Adherence to Treaties, the Probity of the Engli/h Sirdars is in the ftrongeft Manner impreiTed on our Royal Mind, that thry never have, or will, in the minuteft Circumftince, or on any Occafion, deviate from their Engagements. As the above-mentioned Sirdars engaged and promifed to us, that where- ever we /hould reficie, they never would be deficient in their Duty, in their Obedience, or in tranfmitting the fhpulated Revenues; now that you have wrote in this Manner, relative to the faid Revenues it is apparent that the English Sirriars, anl that you alfo, approve of the Difficulties we labour under, increafed by the Difficulties and LofTes that hae at this Time occunt-d, otherwife the Treaties and Engagements of the Siidars admit of no Alteration} and this Circumftance now g:ve.s us the greateir. Sutprize; yet it is not entirely a Deficiency in you. it may be fuppofed by Evils insinuated, and of the Times that Sirdars, known lor their Fauh and Probity, are inclined a lo to fwerve from their Integrity, though inconGftent with their Principl-s, withot Remedy. A Letter, giving an Account of this Affair, will be wrote to Europe; thu confidering the Uriel Aoherence to Faith and Ttea.ies, what Can be the Reafon of it ? We are convinced, that if we continue to txift, there will be no Difficulty from that Quarter ; snd that the Revenues will be paid as heretofore. As we efteem you and the otTIsr Sirdars the Sup- porters of our Empire, and our fincere Well-wi(hers at this Time, it wis neccfTiry that you ftioulJ have made an Addition to the Revenues, on hearing the D fficul;ies we lb;ured under, and j'.iven a (Lining Prcof of your Du'y and Services; and not on the contrary to make fuch a Declaration as this, 'k will b; coi.fiftent with the good Scnfe iUr.V, K of APPENDIX, N 18. of Loya'ty of you, ard the other Sirdars, that adhering, as heretofore, to the Duty and Attachment, you fend the Revenues what is now due, and may become due, as formerly, to the l j r,<"ence, and thus fiudy our Satisfaction ; for we edeem you our truly faithful Subjeft, and the Suppoit of our Empire. Concludes as ufual. A true Translation. (Signed) C. B. Goodlad, Perfian Tranflator. From thefe Letters, and from afl other late lutelligpnce received from the Northward, th: following appears to be the State of Affairs in that Quarter : The Defeat of the King having placed the King tinder the abfolute Contronl of the Marattas, they have extorted from him a formal Suriender of all his Dominions, con- Mirg of the Provinces of Kora and Kerra, and the Diftrift of Sarampore, which was lately conquered, by their Affiftance, from the Jauts. His Towns are d'flipatcd. Nedjif Cawn, the only Man of Credit or Ability near his Perfon, has been difmified from his Service, and abandoned to the Maratas, who have placed Guards round his Houfr, and made Demands upon him for large Sums of Money. The Ki-ng himfelf appears to have given up the little Authority which he had left to Huffum o Din, an unworthy Favourite, and a Creature of the Marattas. The titular Office of Buxey of the Empire has been conferred on Narrain Row, the Maratta Chief; and that of Naib Buxey, with the Diftria of Sarampoor, to Zabita Cawn, who, though treated as their Vaflal, and 5n himfelf of no Confc-quence, is neverthelefs reprefented as the Means by which the O'her Rohilia Chiefs are united in the Support of the Marattas, although the Dread irnpreiled on them by their la'e Misfortunes accounts more rationally for fo unnatural an Attachment. No Attempts have been yet made by the Marattas to take pofleflion, of the Province of Kora. It is not probable that they will venture upon it without their whole Force, unlefs allured or meeting with no OppoCtion from the Forces of the Company in that Neighbourhood. The Vizier either is, or aftefts to be, extremely alarmed at this Cedin, which he reprefents as the immediate Step to an Invafion of his Territories; and declares, that he has a certain Knowledge that fuch is their In- tention. H- has urged Moneer nl Dowla to raife a Force, and ftano on his Defence, pro- siiiing to juts him ; and Moneer ul Dowla writes, that he has actually enlifted ro ; ooo Horf* for that Purpofe. On thefe Promifes the Board now proceed to confider, whether it is incumbent uoon therr, or advifeablf, to oppofe the Entrance into the Province of Kora. The Board are entirely of opinion with the Seleft Committee, that they have the jufteft Gionr.d to contend this Point with the Marattas. The Province of Kora was a Grant of the Company to the King, and" declared to h-av been made for the Support of his Dignity and Espences ; but its being made an Article of the Treaty with the Vijtier, they mull be confidered as the Guarantees of it. The prefent Transfer is unquestionably an Aft of Violence, and as fuch can be repelled by none with fo good a Plea of Rigbt, as by thofe from whbrn it was originally held : Were it even a voluntary Ceflion, the. Equity of it misbt we'l admit of a Difpute, and the Company might juftly reclaim the PciTcffion of it, both becaufe the Conditions of the original Grants to the King were defeated by his aligning it to another Power, and their Interefls were likely to be en- dangered by it. With rcfpea to the Expediency of engaging in Hoftilities with the Marattas for the Defence of Kora, it is undoubtedly liable to many Objeaions : The cecaved and yet unfettlcd State of our own Provinces requires a longer Interval of Reft and Security ; the Maiatta Armies, weakened by a long Campaign, w : ll be more reduced by being difperfed in the Proteaion of every new Conqueft, and as there are no fortified Pl'ce*f great Importance in the Kora Province, and as ir will always be at our Option ID begin inftant Hoftilrk-s with them on the Advice of any Reinforcements coming from Poona, they may be attacked with the fame, if not greater Probability of Succefs, at a diitant Period from that Time, fliould they have evtn made themfelves Matters of that Territory. It is (caret- pofTible to forefee the Iflue of a War with fo formidable a Power, or to prefcribe the e* a a Bounds of it ; yet this is what we muit endeavour at if we engage in it. The Company have repeatedly promtfed to furniih us with full and clear lnftruhcni on ihe Conduct to be obferv.-d with refpa to the Marattas, of whofe entreafing Pow-rs their Letters are filled with Expreffi. ns of the ftrongeft and indeed the jaftefr Appiehmfions. Not knowing what Line their Orders may prefcribe, there is this Riitjue alfo to be feaied from our engaging too baftily in Hoftilities with the Maratta :> APPENDIX, N 18. MaratUs, that It may counteract the Intentions, and put it out of our Power to conform to them when we (hall be better informed : On the other Hand, there is great Cauie to apprehend that our Forbearance on fuch an Occafion may prove injurious to our Repu- tation, and by implying an Idea of cur Weaknefs, intimidate our Friends, and encou- rage the Marattas to form more dangerous Projects againft us, which it is our fole A'm, by this pacific conduct, to prevent. It is well known, that the Politics of the Srute are more built on Conveniency than on Refentmeut or the Point of Honour : If they c;n afiift us with Impunity they will not wait for other Provocation, or fuffer the Want of a juftCaufe to retard their Operations ; neither are they likely to involve themfelve* in a War for the fake of retaliating an equivocal Affront if they are unprepared for if, or unlikely to run an unequal Hazard in the Precaution of it. Although we ate int'ormed of the ptecife Lines which the Honourable Company mean to lay down for our Guidance, yet we are well aflured, from the conftant and uniform Tenor of all their Commands, that they will not approve of our permitting the Encroachments of the Marattas, either upon their own Pofleffiona or that of thtir near Allies, if by a mere defenfive Condnrt on our Parts they may be prerented : The 45th Paragraph of their general Letter by the Grafton expreffmg thtir Sentiments fo pointedly to this Effect, that it precludes any further Hefitation on the prelent Argument ; and we mall fubjoin it as the flrongeft Authority for fixing our Determination in Tenor of the Proportion, to undertake the Defence of the Province of Kora againft the Marattas. ExtraS of a General Letter, ftr Grafton, dated the %%tb of Augvfl 1771. It is with the moft ferious Concern we learn from your late Advices, that the Incur- fions of the Marattas had fpread fuch a Terror and Defpondence into the Minds of thofe Powers which were the remote Barriers of our Poffeffions, that the Irrefolution and Timidity of the moft potent of them have given Rife to fuch Soccefft-s as have encouraged the Marattas to invade the Dominions cf the King, and lay Claim to a Part of the Territory of Sujah Dowla ; but the Conduct of the Rohillas and Jauts is rather a Matter of Concern than Surprize to us, as the King and Rajah Dowla neglefted that Occafion to unite with thofe Powers, effectually to repel the common Difturbsrs of the Empire, and confine them within the Limits of their former Poffeffions. To whatever Caufes this general Timidity or Supinenefs may have been owing, we find ourfelves equally affected, and the Tranquillity of the Provinces are endangered thereby ; but as the Projects of the King, or the Conduct of the Vizier, are at prefent too myfterious for us to decide on the Motives of their Inactivity, and as we know not wtiat Alliances may be formed to juftify us in carrying our Arms beyond the BounHs of their Dcminions, we are prevented from propofing any precife Plan for your Guidance in this Refpeit. But fhould your fubfequent Advices enable you to form a more certain Judgment of th= Expediency of departing from the Plan we have laid down, we fhall communicate to you by fume early Conveyance, how far we may be difpofed to carry our Arms beyond the Bounds of the Provinces or the Territories of our Allies, and become the Parties in an offenfive War. In the mean Time, we truft that your fole Objects will be the Security of our Pofleffionr, and thofe of the Powers with whom we are connected, both by Treaty and Intereft; and as this appears to have been the Guide of your Conduct upon the Marattas invading the Province of Cora, we with Pleafure approve the Meafures you have taken for defending the Dominions of the King and Vizier, from their Inroads and Depredations ; more efpecially, as thofe Meafures are not only juftifird by Nfceffity, but are within the Line which we have prefcribed for your Conduct in fuch a Conjuncture. Refolved, That Meafures be immediately taken for the Defence of the Province of Kora and Kurra againft the Marattas ; that the Prefident be drfired to communicate this our Intention to the Viz'er : that Colonel Champion be diretfe.i to confult with him on the proper Means for effecting it, and, if advii^ib'e, to crofs the River at Allahabad, either with the whole Brigade, or fuch Part of it as he flialljudge advifeaMe for th:s Ser- vice : but on no Account or Prnvoc,t : on whatever to pafs the Boundary of thofe Provinces without further Orders from thi< '; r.rd. Refolved, That the PreJV.cnt be dcfired to addrefs the Vizier again upon the Subject of the Payrrent cf the extraordinary Criargeof th" Brigade, and to pr.-poie an Alignment j Gazypoor Revenue, or fome other adequate Security, for that Purpoie. Pefolvtd, That the Central do prepare to icturn with all convenient Expedition, to take the Command of the Firft Brigade. Pdcjcd, That our Secretary do write to Colonel Champion in the following Terms : APPENDIX, V 18. To Lieutenant Colonel Champion, commanding the Third Brigade. Sir, Tie Honourable the Preftdent and Council having judged it expedient to enter into immediate Meafures for the Defence of the Provinces of Cora and Curra, againft the Attempts of the Marsttas, 1 have it in Command from the Honourable Board, to fignify their Orders to you, that you immediately concert with the Vizier the proper Means for ffrecling this Purpofe ; and if you ftiould mutually think it advifeable that you crofs the River at Allahabad, either with' the whole Brigade under your Command, or foch Part of it as you flull deem neceffary for the Service required. You are on no Account or Pro- vocation whatever to pafs the Boundaries of thofe Provinces of Cora and Curra, without the further Orders of the Hoard, but confine your Operations folely to their Defence. I have the Honour to be, &c. Fort William, (Signed) J. Stewart, Secretary, jft February, 1773. Warien Haftings, H. Goodwin. ' Bengal SeteS Confutations, tbe litb February, 1773, PRESENT, Brigadier General Sir Rt. Barker, William Alderfey, John Reed, Thomas Lane, MeflVs. Barwell and Lambert indifpofed. JVlr. Godwin at the KhalUh. y, 1 i- J Read, and approved, the Proceedings of the 4th Inftant. The General delivers in the following Letter and Queries to the Board. Tp the Honourable Warren Haflings, Efqf, Prefident, &c. Council of Fort Will.'arr.. Gentlemen, As it is my earned Wifc to acquire the Approbation of this Admir.iflration, J have on the accompanying Paper drawn up, for your Perufal, a few Queftions relative to the Na- ture of the Seivice I am going upon : the Want of which appeared to be the Occafion of thofe Difficulties I was fp unhappy to be involved in my laft Campaign to the VVeihvard. 1 am, Gentlemen, Calcutta, y our mo ft obedient Servant, February ;th, 1773. (Signed) Robt. Barker. Genera! Barker, previous to his taking the Command of the Army, r^juefts the Board's Conlideration on (he fo'Jowing Qocttinns; fince the Difiance he will beat frpm the Prefidency, and the Length of Time required to.conm,unicate with the Admiputra- tion on Matters of immediate Dccifion, will render it jmpofi";ble for him to avail hirnfelf of their Inftrodions with that Eapsditun which the Nature of the Service may require. The General fubmits to the Board, whether fome general Plan fliould not be laid down as a Ground Work or Guk'c to the Cor.Juft wh-ch he'is to obfetve in the enfuing Campaign; fei it is his arcent De-fire to execute every Thing the Board can exued, without extending or deviating in any Refpeft fronl their Intentions. Quelt. i. Should the Marattas advance to the Limits of the Korah Province, and there peiform fuch Motions as may appear to cUign an Attack on the Provirccr, and by Sepa- ration, cr otherwifr, throwing thenifeivfj into ah unguarded Pofition, afford an Oppor- tunity of being advaotageonfly attacked, will it be allowed, or muft the Troops wait till Tiity have actually crofTed the Line ? id. Should the Marattas crcfs the Ganges, and in Conjunction with Zibetah Khan, at- tack Hiifiiz Rbamat (who is not actually engaged with the Confederates), in order to in- 'i thtzn in atiacklng ihe Vi/.ter's PoiTefiions, and fhouid HafeA or the APPENDIX, N i?. the Vizier requeft the Affiftance of the Endirti Forcei, how far will the Board grant fuch 'Afiiflance, or are the Troops to wait till Kaffir is reduced, and the Whole of the RuhilU ynited to the Marattas, for the Purpofe of attacking the Vizier's Dominions ? id. Whether the Mtrattas crofiing the Ganges into the Rohil'a Country (not being in aftual Hoftiiities with thofe Poweo) .s not a Declaration of War againft the Vizier : :f allowed, 4th. Should not every Advantage be talcen, fuch as fecuring or defiroyinj the Bridge of Boats, orotherwife preventing their repafiing the River? 5th. Should the Marattas in conjunction with theRohiila (by which they will become very numerous) feparate and form Two Armies, the one, for the Attack of the K...;a Pro- vince, the other for the AtUckof the Vizier's Dominions, in ^rdrr to feparate our Force by the Riv:r Gang-rs, will not the Board grant the General a difcretion^l Power to draw bis Rsinforcemects from the zd Brigade, fince the Time of writing to ihe Pre/Tdeniy will render abortive every Advantage that might otherwife be received from fuch Reinforce- mem ? 6th, Whether the General fliould not have Authority to make every ^ivan'ag'- nf the Affiftance of foreign Powers, either to breed Divifions or aft offenfively againft the Enemy ? yth. Whether the General may draw Money by way of Loan from any foreign Powsr if he can acquire r, in Cafes where the Troops aie in great Diltrefs for Subfiftence, and no Expectation of Supplies from the Provinces ? Agreed, That they be confidered on Monday ne*t 5 and ordered in the mean Tittle that they be fent round to the different Members of the Board for their Information. Warren Haftings, Wm. Alderfey, Thomas Lane. Extraff of Bengal Secret Ccnfultaticitt, tbe \$tb February 1773. Refumed the Confideratioa of the General's Letter and Queries, recorded upon theCon- /ultation of -he nth Inftan:. The Prefideot lays before the Board the following Two Letters from Colonel Champion, directed to the Select Committee and to himfelf. To the Honourable Warren Hafting*, Efquire, Prefideat, &c. Members of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, I h we been honoured with your Orders, dated the gth Inftant, and have confulted wit^ his Excellency accor^in^ to your Inftruftions. He by no Means will give bis Confent lo my detaching a Batulion of StpOys, Artillery, &c. tor the Garrifon of Allahabad ; ob- leiving at the fame Time that it will be weakening the Troops on which he hag hit chirfeft Dependence; but has agreed to lend immediately Four heavy Pieces of Cannon, with a Thouiand Rounds to each C > ., a complete Batta'ion of Regulars, with Four Field Pieces and Five hundred Ma-chLcks, lo that the Garrl fon will be completed to Three ihoufand ; and he has alfo fen: Orders for Four Months Provitions ro b. iaid in. &c. As 1 could not perfuade him to comply with your Intentions, in having th; Reinforce- ment fent fim the Brigade, I then thought it beft to have that F ittalion ot Sepoys commanded tv ojr own OlScers, :nd a Fi^eld Officer to command the Garrifon, which >-e very read"v ^cquiefcsd in, and was well 'p^fed w ; tn tne p rQ p O ial ; therefore I intend to detach Lieutenant Colonel Upton to command with One Cfptain, a Lieutenant, and Two Eniigns, for which I hope, Gentlemen, 10 receive your Approbation. The Two Twenty-four founders bei$ngingto the Brigade wilt in a few Days le at Ailahabaci wHi their Stores j they are to wait there for further Orders. I havr this Moment receivrd Advice from the OrHcers commanding our Brigade Boari, that there is r>ot a Foot Water in the Ganges near to Allahabad for above Cofs in Length, which has obliged them to unload our Bujts, am) \vill \>t the Oulc of detaining them Eight cr Ten Days j therefore, I have fent exprefs Orders to have the Light Boats difpatched forward v.ith Ammunition. And on a further Ccnverfation with his Excellency, I find he is determined to throw a Bridge acrofs the Ganges, *nd to aft crYenfively and againft the Maratas, fliould they en- Mr the Korah or Kurra Provinces in a hoflile Manner. J then thought it nec:!:iry t<> afk 4 him, APPENDIX, N 18. him, if he had received a Duplicate of my Orders ? and on bis replying in the Negative, I explained them to him ; at which he fecmed greatly furprized, and has declared h.a In- tentions of addreffing the Board on the Subject this Evening. On being afked, If he efteemtd that Country as his own ? he aniwered, That he did, as the King had quirted it without a ny Permiffion ; and further, that his Opinion was, that by your Order of the Ninth Inftant you meant to prevent their taking PoiFeiTion of that Country. From its appearing to me abfolutely his Intention to repel his Force to theirs, I could with to be honoured, with the utmoft Expedition, with your Inftruftions, how far I am to engage the Troop? under my Command in his Support; for a Defeat to him may be attended with the utmoft Confequence to ourfelves ; and I hope my L-ttar of the J5th Inftant to you, will be fully replied to. He mentioned to me, that Neziff Caw.i, who by our Ac- counts had engaged to march with the Marattas, has made Propofals of joining him. on drawing rear to our Army ; and that Mr. Madox, with his Detachment, had alfo offered to com: in to him; but he was afraid of being apprehended by us. As I am informed, that the Administration had long fince iffued their Pardon to this Man, I told h:m, I could have no Objeciion under that Circumftance, By our laft Accounts, dated January the *3 call fuch Reinforcements from the Second Brigade, as he ftaJl juiie rjuif:te for the Ser- vice. But as tl:is will leave the Province of Ktna defritute of its proper Defence, it is earneflly recommended to the General, whenever he thall find himfelf compelled to make ufe of this Expedient, to keep a flrict Watch on the Motions cf the Marattzs, and to juard againft any Attempt which they may be encouraged, by fgch an Ocwfion, to make APPENDIX, NiS. IB that Provinc?, by fending back the Reinforcements, and replacing the Second Brigade in a State for its Protection. 6th. To give the General the Authority required in this Queftipn, will anfwer very litttle Purpofe, unlefs he be at the fame Time empowered to make ufe of the Means by which the Afiiftance of foreign Powers is to be obtained and fecured. We have not Money to purchafe Alliances 5 and we are prohibited by the Company's Orders, and equally by found Policy, from undertaking remote Conquefts, and forming offenfive En- gagements with foreign States or Princes. If, by praftifing on the common Fears to which all the Powers of Indoftan areexpofed, from the Ambition of the Marattas, or by holding out the Profpei~l of fome immediate Advantage, the General fhall be able to pre- vail with any of them to co-operate with him, we /hall confukr it as a moft effential Service ; but we will rather forego this Advantage, than purchafe it by Pay or Promifes. yth. Though we are unwilling to fuppofe fuch a Diftrels to exift as is fuppofed in this Q^eftion, we muft admit the Poffibility of it. Wherever it fhall happen the moft defperate Remedy muft be applied, if no other can remove it. To obviate the Effects of fuch a Calamity, the Prefident has been defired to require of the Vizier an Alignment on the Revenue of the Zemindary of Gazypoor, or fome other adequate Security, for the further Payment of the extra Charge of the Brigade, while it Ihall be employed on his Service} and to repeat to him the Declaration, that no Remit- tances can or will l-e made from thefe Provinces for that Purpofe. If the Vizier really feels the Apprehenfions which he has expreOed of a Maratta Invafion, and means to deal fincerely and honourably by this Government in return for the Afliftance afforded him, we have en Doubt of his acquiefcing in fo reafonable a Proportion ; but it may happen other- wife; and, indeed, the Principles on which it has bten lately refolved to maintain the Province of Korah againft the Pretenfions of the Marattas, may afford him one fpecious Argument for refufing to bear any Share of the Charge incurred, by an Undertaking in \vhicb the Intereft of the Company alone may appear to be direfHy concerned, and his own but in its remote Confequences. It wiU be neceflary therefore to mark out the dif- tindt Plan and Defign of our Operations on each Side of the Ganges, and to prefcribe, as far as the Nature of each Service will admit, the principal Points which are to be at- tended to in the Profecution of them. It has been refolved, That as Allies to the King, we will defend the Province of Korah againft the threatened Invafion of the Marattas ; and as Allies to the Vizier, that we will defend this Country and Government againft any Attempts from the fame Enemy. Although the declared Motive for the Firft Service, is the Maintenance of the King's Right, and although, as the original Proprietors of the Korah Province, we may juftly lay claim to the Rever/ion of it, whenever the King fhall part with it, or be unable to keep poflrffion of it, yet the principal and only Caufe which has urged us to this Under- taking, is the Stcuiity of the Dominions of the Vizier our Ally, which would be ex. pofed to continual Danger, were the Marattas to become the Mafteis of a Country im- mediately bordering upon them. We have therefore as juft a Right to require the Re- imborfements of the Charge incutred in this Service, as in that which reftricls the more immediate Safety of his Dominions ; neither will it be practicable to feparate the Expences of this Expedition, from thofe of the Forces which may remain on the other Side of the Ganges. We will not therefore allow of any Reduction of the Sum which the Vizier has en- gaged to pay for the Monthly Charges of the Brigade, although a Part of it may be em- ployed in the Province of Korah. Yet as this Sum (which is all that we can claim by Treaty from the Vizier) is inade- quate to the whole Amount of the Pay and Charges of the Brigade, and we cannot af- lord to make up the Deficiency by Remittances from thefe Provinces, we fhall ex p:ct and lequire, that the Province of Korah fhall pay for its Protection by contributing to the Charge of it. On th-fe Grounds therefore it is our Defire, that the General do ufe his Endeavours to fecure the Poirefiians of the Province of Corah, both againft the Marattas and every Competitor ; and to confirm and maintain the Nabob Moneir o Dowlah in the Govern- ment of it, as the Reprefentative of the King, obliging him to aflign a Monthly Pay- ment of One Lack of Rupees from the Treafury of the Province for the Pay of the Brigade, and for a provifional Security againft any Lofs or Difappointment to which the Honourable Company may be fubjfcted by this Deftination of their Troops, and by a Failure of the other Means appropriated to their Pay and Difljurfemcnts. The G:n;ril is to keep APPENDIX, Ni8. Jteep in his own Hands the Controul of the Province of Korah, until the Board fiiaii hereafter determine in what Manner it dial) be difpofed of. In the Operations on the other Side of the Ganges, we have no other Object beGde the Security of the Vizier's Government and Dominions. To enfure the due and ef- feclual Attainment of this End, we have required an Alignment from the Vizier, of * Part of his Revenue, or an equivalent Security for the Sum ftipuUted for the extra Charges with which it will be attended, being (1.15,000 R s ) One Lack Fifteen thoufand per Month. And we direct, that the like Afiignmentor Security be previoufly demand- ed and received for the proportionable Charge of any additional Force which the Gene- ral may find it nrcefTary to call into the Territories of the Vizier. If the Vizier /hall refufe to comply with this Requifition in its fulleft Extent, and (hall perfift in the Re- fufal, it is ouT pofitive Command that the General do immediately abandon him, and withdraw his whole Force from the Territory of the Vizier ; cither employing it, if ne- ceflary, in the Korah Province, or remanding fuch Part of it as (hall exceed the Exi- gencies of that Service to the Province of Bahar. In cafe of fuch an Event, he is to give us immediate Advice thereof, that we may refolve on the necelTary Meafures for re- covering the Arrears which may ftill be due from the Vizier, and the further Expences or the Brigade. If the above Precautions are rigidly attended to, there will be little Hazard of a Want of Money to pay the Troops. Should any unforefeen Accident or Circumftance deprive us of thefe Refcurces, we repeat, that we muft fubmit to the Alter- native propofed by the General, as to an unavoidable Neceflity, and leave it to him to act in every fuch Jnftance as his Judgment (hall direft him, for the Good of the Services and the Safety cf the Troops under his Command. Ordered, the Secretary do prepare Inftrudtions for the General, in conformity to th above Queries and Anfwers. Btr.gal Secret Cenfultationt, tie i$tb February 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident William Alderfey, William Alderfey, ~) John Reed, I Thomas Lane, ( vf . Richard Harwell, f Ef ^ u " Henry Goodwin, \ William Lambert, J Read, and approved, the Confutation of the Inftanr. The Secretary having prepared the following Inftru&ions for General Barker, agreeable to the Refolution of the 151*1 Inftant, lays them before the Board for their Confidciatioa To Brigadier General Sir Robert Barker. Sir, Inftruflions to The Situation of Affairs on the Frontiers of our Pofleflions, and in Brig.*- Gen' Sir the Countries or" Corah and Oud, requiring the Appearance of the Com- Rt Barker, on pany's Forces to encourage their Allies, and check the holttle DefignJ his joining the of the Marattas } we have judged it expedient that you proceed to thefe Army. Parts without Lofs of Time, to aflume the Command of the Troops emolcjed in thole Services, and to tranlacl Inch other Matters as /hall be from Tim* to Time intruded to your Management by the Select Committee or this Board, la the mean Tinae, for your immediate Direction, you will confult the following In- ftruclions, conforming to them as clofely as Circumftances will permit. ift, You will repair with all convenient Expedition to join the Fiiit Brigade in the Country of Oud, and to take the immediate Command of it ; but as we oeem it highly necefiary that you have an Interview as foon as ^olfible with the Vizier, it is left to your Difcretion to proceed to him before you join the Brigade, fhould h-; be abfent from it. ad. On a Meeting with him, you are tococfult together on the beit Plan of Operation* for fulfilling the Objects of your Commiflion, viz. the Defense and Security of his Coun- try, and of the Pjoviaces of Corah and Allahabad, K". V. O jd, Althwjh APPENDIX, N iS 1 . ^d. Althoui-n, for the firft Object, our Intention was to confine our Operations alto- gether within tlie Limits of the Vizier's Dominion?, yet for Reafons, with which, as & Member of the Board, you are well acquainted, we have determined to include in the Line of Defence the Rohilla Diftrict laying on the fame Side of the River, known by the Name of the Co'mtry of Hafiz Rharr.et Cawn ; and for that Purpofe you are herrby authorized to enter into Treaty with Hafiz Rhamet Cawn for the Defence and Pro- tection of his Dominions, on fuch Conditions as fliall fully indemnify the Company for the additional Charge and Hajird which may be incurred by fuch an Engagement. 4th. But fliould Hafiz RhametCawn either fall into the Hands of the Marattas, or from any other fimi ar Circumftance be rendered incapabte of entering into fuch an En- gagement, you are ftill to conlider his Dominions as an Object of your Operations; and if the Vizier require you to undertake their Defence, anJ engage to perform the Conditions which we have defied you to claim from Hafiz Rhamet Cawn, you will not hesitate to comply, but adopt the Meafure heartily, and puifue it as included 'in the Inductions for the immediate Defence of the Vizier's Dominions. 5th. It is however underftood, that in all this you rigidfy and flricT'ly adhfrc to the Maxim la : d down, of confining your Operations on that Side within the Ganges, and on r Account crofs the River, or carry the War into the Rohilla Diftric~is beyond it. 6th. It is further the Determination of the Board, of which you will take particular Notice, that no Operation for the Vizier's Defence (hall be carried into Execution without a previous Stipulation on his Part, for the extra Charges attending the Succours tve afford him. W> have eftimated this at Rupees 1,15,000 per Month, and have re- quired an Afiignment on his Revenue for the Amount. You will therefore, as a Preli- minary, demand and receive the Alignment required by us; and in cafe an additional Force (hould be hereafter called for on his Requisition, you are (previous to their March), alf'o to require and receive a pioportionable Alignment for ttie extra Expences on that Account. 7th. If in either Cafe the Vizier {hould refufe complying with thefs Requifitions in their fulleft Extent, and (hall perfift in the Refufal, it is our pofitive Command that yon immediately abandon him, and withdraw your whole Force from his Territory, either employing it needful in fh's Corah Province, agreeable to the EnftrufHcns hereafter given, f>\ remanding to Bahar fuch Part of it as fliall exceed the Exigencies of that Service; but in fuch an Event you are not to fail giving us the moft fpeedy Advice, that we may refolve on what future Meafures are to be purfued, 8th. The Recovery of the Arrears due from the Vizier for the Expences of the laft Campaign is alfo to be a particular Object of your Attention ; you are to endeavour im- mediately to get them difcharged, or a proper Security given for the Payment on a future Day. 9th The next general Object to be given you in Charge, is the Defence of the Crah Province ; for this Purpofe it will be neceflary that you immediately crofs the Ganges with fach Part of your Army as you judge neceflary, to take poffcfliott of it as Allies 4o the King Shaw Allum. loth. S>uld the Marattas on this Motion kepp at a Diftance without crofling the Boundaries of that Province, you are to- remain rn quiet Pofieflion, without interfering in any Manner with them or their Tranfactions beyond it; but fhuuld they crofs that Line, and actually invade the Province, you ate then to endeavour to expel them by Force, profecuting fuch Msafures as you fliaH deem moft adv-feable for that Purpofe. Ilth. It is underftood, that whether you remain in quiet Pofieffion of this Province, Or are engaged in Hoflilities in it, you are to act only as in Alliance with the King, arid you are to confirm and maintain his Naib Minnur ul Dbwlah in the actual Government of it ; bu't he is to remain under your Controul, and to be accountable to the Company for the Revenues of the Province, till fuch Time as it fliall be finally fettled in what Manner they are hereafter to be difpofed. I2th. But as the Defence of the Province is undertaken for the King's Behalf, we expect and require that Part of the Revenue flYall be applied to defray the extra Expence of the Expedition ; for this Purpofe you will demand and receive of Minnur ul Dowlah, monthlv, One Lack of Rupees, which we eftimate to be nearly the Expence which will be thereby incurred. 1 3th. We alfo recommend, thst while you are in thefe Provinces you endeavour to obtain, in the bell Manner your Prudence (hall fug ? eft, as exact an Account as poflible ftf their Revenue?, without taking any S'eps that may alarm Minnur ul Dowlah. ; and 4 jao APPENDIX, N-i8, you will tranfmit to us fuch Accounts, with your Sentiments on the Means of their further Imcrovement. I4th. Whatever may be the Circumftance wlvch attend the taking Poflcflion of this Province, whether War or Peace, you are by no Means to deliver over the Poffeflion, either to the King or the Viz'er, or any other Power whatfof-v^r, or q.iit the Controul as above directed, till our further Pleafure on this Subject /ha!) hi firgniftewHo you. 1 5th. We repeat again, that in all yoi;r Operations, whether for the Defence of the Vizier's Territories, or the Korah Provinces, you are ftudioufly to avoid engaging the Company in an oftenfive War with the Marattas ; ail your Manwuvres muft be directed to cover and protect thefe Dominions, and to expel all hoflile Invaders from them ; but you are, on no Confide; at on whatever, to carry the War beyond thofe Limits as above ex- plained. l6th. It is not however meant fo far to reftrain your Actions in the Field as to prwrent you from feizing on certain Advantages (the War being once begun), beyond the flrifit Limits of the Corah Province, or purfuing a fignal Succefs to complete it on the other Side. Thefe inuft be left to your Difcretiun and Experience, in which we repofe our entire Confidence j but it is our pofitive Injunction, that the immediate End of fuch an Excurfion being accompliflied, you retire again within the Limits prelcnbed, and act af- terwards according to the Spirit of thefe InftructLons. Ijth. This Latitude is only given for your Operations in the Corah Province, which Jaying open to the Marattas, may afford them too great an Advantage in the Attack, fhould they be allowed to lie unmolefted near its Borders. But on the other Side of the, Ganges, we confider that River as a fufficient Security againft fuch Attempts, and there- fore direct that you do not fuft'er any Confideiation to lead you acrofs it. 18 h. If the Marattas, by a divided Attack, or by an Augmentation of Strength, fhould become too powerful to be oppoffd with Effect by One Brigade of the Company's Forces, you are hereby authorized to call for and order from Patna, any Part of the ai Brigade which you ftall think neceflaiy for your Reinforcement } but in this Cafe you are to keep the mod watchful Eye over the Motions of the Marattas, and if they feern to point towards Bahar, trufting to that Province being deftitute of Forces, you are with all Expedition to fend back your Reinforcement, or even detach fuch further Succours as may be wanting for its Securiry ; at all Events, you will not fail t<> advile us the Mo- ment you come to the Refolution of drawing Troops from Patna, that we may, on our Part, take fuch Steps here as we Aall judge advifeable for the Protection of the Pro- vince during their Abfence. zgth. Such are the Points on which, fur the prefent, we think it neceflary to Inftruft you. As a Member of our Board, you are acquainted with the Motives on which they are drawn up, and you will be regularly furnifhed with fuch occafional Inductions as the Alteration of Circumftances or Progrels of Affairs fhall render neceflary. In the mean Time, thefe are for your Guidance in the general Line of your Conduct, and as to the particular Operations in the Field, they will be left, as is moft proper, to your fo!e Direction, in full Confidence of their being carried on with all the Succefs that can be wi&ed for, the Honour and Advantage of the Company, and the Reputation of this Go- vernment. Fort William, Vfc are, with Efteem, Sir, l8th February 1773. Your moft humble Servants, &c. &c. POSTSCRIPT. To avoid any Mifapprehenfion of our Inductions refpedting the Corali Province, we think it neceflary to add this Explanation, that we mean by it, the Province of Corah properly fo called, that Part of Allahabad which lies between the Jumna and the Gan- ges, and the Diftrict of Currah, which altogether form the Territory ceded to the King by the Treaty with the Vitier in 1765. Agreed, they be written fair, and figned. Warren Hading?, W. Alderley, Thomas Lane, Richs Intentions to afford him a perfonal Interview. Ordered, That the Secretary do prepare a Draft of Inftruftions for Mr. Lawrell, from the Refolution of the Seleft Commifes, and the General's Inftruftions, to be laid be- fore the Board, together with a Letter to the General, acquainting him of thefe Relo- iutions, Warren Rafting?, W. Aldcrfey, P. M. Dacres, James Lawrell, H. Goodwin, f. Graham, George Vanfittart, APPENDIX, No iS. Staga! Secret Confultations, tie -lift April PRESENT, William Alderfey, George Mr. Harwell begi to lay before the Board the following Minute, in confequence of the Appointtnejrt refolved on at their laft Affembly : JVJr. Harwell's I could have wifced, Gentlemen, that the Occafion had not offered, , Minute, which influences me to tranfgrefs upon your Time ; but as it has been ' my Misfortune to differ in Opinion, and to oppcfe your Senfe and Wifhes in the late Appointment of Mr. Lawrell to the Eiihabad and Corah Station, I am necef- litated to requfft you will refalve me the following Queftion i Whether you had zr.y, and what, Objections to the Gentlemen, Mr. Lawrell's Seniors, and particularly to n.y- fclf, that you precluded the Option, which the Rules of the Service give them, to all Appointments falling to the Lot of the Members of the Board ? or, whether you have been folely influenced to the Acceptance of Mr. Lawrell's Services, by his previous volun- tary Tender of thenr), without any Intention to derogate from the Merit or Abilities of others, who might have willed to have executed the Truft repofed in that Gentleman? Pardon me for propofing this Queflion, but it is become indifperrfably necefTary. The Gentlemen, my Superiors in Rank, have given their Affent to Mr. Lawrell's Nomina- tion (I too, in (uftice, muft declare, that I think his Abilities may credit the Commif- fion confided to him), and have obferved an entire Silence touching their own Rights, further than by retnarkisg the lateft Orders of the Company give the Board a Lat'.tu.-ie to deviate from the long-eftablifhed and fixt Rule of Seniority. As I was the only Perfon prefent at the Debate of the Tgth Ultimo, fuperior to Mr. Lawrell, who eTprefTrd a Dif- approbation of the Meafure, I of courfe appear confpiCL-ous, and particularly pointed to by every Obfervation on the Record of that Day, in fupport of his Nomination ; and as I would not have my Name prefented to the Public in an ambiguous Light, I cannot be filent. An itrsplrcd Reflection, uncanvatfed by me, would naturally prejudice my Character in the Opinions of all Men. If no Reflection is implied, I demand of your Juftice to declare as much; if any is impl'ed, I expect from the fame Juftice the Particulars of my Demerits. Excufe this Jraloufy with which I regard my Reputation, a Reputation that has hitherto been unfullicd and unafperfed, daring the long Courfe of my Services. In almoft every Station 1 have filled, it has been my Happine's to be dif- tinguiflied by the favourable Notice of my Employers : Aad as I have filled, amongft the various Stations of the Service, many of the firft Confluence, and difcharged my Duty in all to the public Satisfaction, I ccnfefs it would mortify me much to find rr.yfelf juftly charged with any particular Deficiency for the Difcharge of any particular Branch of public Duty; bat as this is a Point of too delicate a Nature for me to dwell open, 1 leave it, in the Confidence of being able to preferve the good Opinion which the Com- pany have entertained of my pad Services, and to vindicate their Sentiments in my Fa- vour. (Signed) Rich the Line of Seniority 5 but n fely to the Nature of the Service which was to be perform- ed, and to the Fitnefs of the Perfon who fhould offer himlelf for that Service. I have faid, that this is the Rule of the Service. Many Reafons might be affignei why this ought to be fo. Thofeto whofe Lot fuch Commiflions would fall by Seniority, may wi/h, from private Motives, to decline them, although they might not choofe to a/Tign the Reafons, or de- clare the'-r Reluctance to go upon any Service in which the public [ntereft is materially concerned ; and it would be contrary to good Policv, to intruft fuch Commiffions to the Cr.arge of Perfons who accepted of them with Reluifhnre. Extraordinary Services require particular Talents to execute them ; with which certain Perfons may be endowed in a Degree beyond others, who may be better qualified for Af- fairs of a different Kind, or for Bufmefs in general. \Vhy fhould the Gove-nmcnt pre- clude itfelf from the Benefit of making its own Election in fuch Cafes ; or why muft it be accompanied by an invidious and partial Coinparifon of the Merits ot thofe who may be Competitors for it ? Perhaps alfo, as Mr. Harwell has aflerted, Objections founded on Incapacity, on Pe- culiarities of Difpofition which disqualify them for the particular Service which is to be performed, or on the general Run or Tenor of fheir Character, which do not depend oil detached Circumftsnces, nor can be eafily eftablifhed by legal Proof. To p event Mifeonflruftinns, I declare that I do not in thefe Inftances mean to allde to any particular Perfons, but onlv to fl>ew the Inconveniences which would aiHe from an invariable Choice of ihe Senior Me-nbers cf the Board rnal! extraordinary Co.nmifiions. J will however add, for the Information of rry Honourable Employers, who, from the Abundance of Argument which has been wafled on this Subject, may be led to fufpedt feme unworthy Motive in the Diftinftion which has apparently been paid to Lawrell. Mr. Lawreli, that / myfdf ivai influenced by Two Confiderations tobicb may be deemed fe/fonal, I knvw' Mr. La-wrell to be pojjijj'ed of much Knowledge in tte general Bujinefs ef the Revtr.-ue, of uncommon Talents in Accounts, and a great Share both of Method and jijfiduity ; ^uelififations peculiarly adapted to the Service on ivblcb bs s teen compelled in this Inftance to make ufeof ; convinced, that while lie at the famt Time finds his In- clinations gratified, and his Labours relieved, the public Service will equally benefit by a mutual Harmony fubfifting between all the Members of the Adminirtration. Warren Haftings, William Alderfey, P. M. Owes, James Lawrell, H. Goodwiu, J. Graham, George Vanfutart. ExtraS APPENDIX, N 18. xtral of Bengal Secret Confultationi, tie *6tb of April 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefidsnfc Wm Alderfey, Rd Barwell, J Lawrell, Hy Goodwin, f Efqulrei, J n Graham Wm Lambert George Vanfittarr, s, 1 Mr. Lawrell applies for Two Affiftants in the Bufinefs of his Deputation to the Pro vince of Corah. Mr.D. Anderfonand Agreed, that Meflrs. David Anderfon and Thomas Graham, Mr. T.Graham ap- be appointed Afiiftants 19 Mr. Lawrell ; and that the Refident pointed Afiiftants to of the Durbar be informed of Mr. Anderfon's Appointment ia Mr. Lawrell. the following Letter. Ordered, that the Secretary do acquaint the Board of Revenue with the Appointment of Mr. Graham. To the Durbar.] To Samuel Middlcton, Efquire, Refident at the Durbar. Sir, We have to acquaint you, that Ye fterday we appointed Mr. David Anderfon, who it at prefcnt under you at the Durbar, to be Afliftant in a Deputation under Mr. Lawr-,11, to the Country of Corah, and that he is ordeied to hold himfelf in Readinefs to depart with Mr. Lawrell immediately. \ We are, Sir, &c. The Secretary lays before the Board the following Drafts, which he has prepared, of Inductions to Mr. Lawrell, and of a Letter to General Sir Robert Barker. To James Lawrell, Efquire. Sir, l ft A* t Having judged it expedient to depute a Member of Council to receive ,, Charge of the Superintendance of the Province of Corah from the General, who was by his Inftruftions inverted with that Truft, you have been chofen to proceed thither for that Purpofe ; and though, as a Member of the Board, you are acquainted with our Intentions refpefting that Province, and the Service re- quired from you there, yet for your better Guidance, we now convey you the fallowing InftruUons; to which you will pleafe to adhere, and to reprefent to us foch Circumftances as (hall appear to you to lequire a Deviation from thefe Orders, or an Addition to them, that we may duly inftrufr. you accordingly. On your Arrival at Allahabad you will immediately apply to the General (who wilt be inftruted to that Efteft) to put you in regular Polleflion of the Authority, which has been delegated >o him in the Administration of that Province ; and you will receive from him iuch Accounts, Eflimates, and Papers concerning the Revenue, as he may have procured in confequence of our Inftrudlions to him. As von will take poffeffion of the Province in the Name of the Company, afting as Allies to the King Shaw Allum, you will take Care to maintain his Naib Munier o Dowla in the atual Government of it ; but you will extrcife, and you are hereby inverted with full Power for exercifing, fuch an authority and Controul over him and the other Of- ficers as may be necefiary to enable you properly to investigate and form an Account of the Revenue. This Investigation and Account you are particularly enjoined to under- take, and to tranfmit it to us when nniflied, with fuch Remarks as (hall occur to you in the Courfe of this Enquiry, and may prove of ufe to us hereafter in any Negociations for the Difpofal of that Province, this being the immediate End and Objedt of your Commiflion. The Defence of Corah being undertaken folely on Behalf of the King, It 5s underltood that the nett Revenue, after defraying the ordinary Chaiges, (hall be wholly applied RlP.V. P toward* APPENDIX, N 18. toward* difcharging the extra Expence incurred by the Company on that account. For this Purpofe it will be necefiary that you demand and receive monthly, the nett Income as above explained, and this we foppofe will amount to a Lack of Rupees per Month 5 but whatever may be the furplus Amount of the Collections after Payment of the other Charges, we expeft that the Charge be fo regulated, as to leave this Amount at leaft for the reimbarfing our extrr. Expence. You will accordingly explain to the Nabob Munier ul Dowla, that he is to be ac- countable to the Company for the Collections, from the Entrance of our Forces into that Country, till fuch Time as it ftall 4 be finally fettled in what Manner it is hereafter to be difpofed of. It being our Intentions, by your Appointment, to manifeft, in the mod public Man- ner, our Determination to maintain the Company's Influence and Participation in the Affairs and Revenues of that Province, and ultimately to eftablilh a Right to the future Difpofal of it in the moft equitable Manner, when it fliall bicome a Subject of Nego- tiation ; and as we conceive that this public Declaration of our Intentions may be of great Importance alfo towards procuring an Equivalent for its Ceffion ; you will there- fore, on all Occafions, teftify that you act upon thofe Views. And you are on no Ac- count, whether in War or Peace, to deliver over the Pofiefiion of Corah, either to the Marattas or the Vizier, or any other Power whatfoever, or quit the Controul as above directed, without expreis Orders from us for that Purpofe. We mean that this Order fliall alfo extend to the King ; for although we have taken pofleflion of it, and hold it in his Name, yet to furrender it to him, while he continues in his prefent helplefs State, or in Power of the Marattas, would be in effect to give it up to the latter; or to any other State who might have the Poffeflion of his Perfon. To avoid any Mifapprehenfion of thefe Inftructions reflecting the Corah Province, we think it nsceffary to explain, that we mean by that Expreffion the Province of Corah, properly fo called, the Diftrict of Currah, and fuch Part of the Allahabad Province as was confirmed to the King by the Treaty with the Vizier in 1765. We have nothing more to add at this Time, but to recommend to you to he full and frequent in your Advices, and to refer you to what further Inftructions we may find ne- ceflary to give, according as the Lights with which you may furnilh us, or other Intel, ligence, {hall enable us to be more particular. For your Information we enclole a Copy of that Part of our Inftructions to the Ge- neral, which relates to the Object of your prefent Miflion, and alfo of the Letter which we have now written to him, in confequence of your Appointment. Proper Letters of Introduction to the Vizier, and the Nabob Muneer ul Dowla, will be furniined ycu by the Prefident. We have appointed Mr. David Anderfon and Mr. Thomas Graham, Affiftants to you in the Bufinefs of your Deputation. We wifli you Succefs, and are, Sir, Your moft obedient Servants, To Brigadier General Sir Robert Barker, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Prefidency. Sir, It formed an Article of our Infractions to you, on your Departure from the Prefi- dency, that at the fame Time you undertook the Defence of the Province of Corah, you ftould alfo fuperintend the Conduft of the Naib Munir ul Dowla, in the Management of its Revenues, and the other dependant Districts, and obtain the moft accurate and authentic Accounts of them. This Objeft ftill appears to us in a Light of the greateft Importance, as well for preferving the Company's immediate Influence and Participation in the Affairs of thofe Provinces, as for eftabliihsne a Right to their future Difpofal of tbm in the moft advantageous Manner, whenever ft mail be made a Subject of Nego- c-ation. But as not only the Nature of the Service in which you are actually employed, and the great and important Duties of your Station, but alfo the Diftance to which the Operation* cf the Company have drawn you, preclude us from availing ourfelves of the Continuance of your Services in this particular Point 5 we have judged it expedient to depute a Member of our Board to execute thofe Powers, relative to the Soperintendance of Corafi, Ac. which were formerly delegated to you ; and Mr. Lawrell, the Gentleman, we have appointed, will for this Purpofe directly proceed to Allahabad. On his Arrival there, you will pleafe to confign over to him the Charge of the Pro- fuse of Corah and its Dependencies. W cannot fuppofe that your othor indifpenfable Avocations APPENDIX* N 18. Avocations have afforded either Time or Opportunity to obtain Accounts of the Revenue or State of tiie Country. If you have pofleflcd yourfelf of any fuch Materials, .we defir; you will ddiver trum to Mr. Lawrell. You will alfo fignify to Muner ul Dowla the Nature of Mr. Lawreli's Appointment, and the Powers which he is to exeicilc, that he may treat both with a proper Deference and Regard. All this you will pleafe to execute in the moft pubiic formal Manner that the Diftance of ycur Situation will admit, in order to manifeft our Intentions by this fpecial Deputation; which arc, as we have laid above, to preserve an Influence and Participation in the Af- fairs and Revcnu'S of thole Provinces, and to eilabliftj a Right' to the future Difpofal of them when it (hall become a Subj-ft of Negcciation, in the moft advantageous Man- ner for our Employers, We deffre >oo will afford Mr. Lawrell all the Afiiflance and Support in the Execution of his Truft which your Situation may enable you to give, or he fhall have Occafion 10 require. We could wifli to allot, for Mr. Lawreli's Accommodation during Lis Stay at A'lahabad, the Houfe which was built there by the Company for theUfe of the commanding Officer: We requeft, therefore, that you will fend the neceflary Directions that the Houfe may be prepared for Mr Lawreil's Reception. Fort William, We are, &c. a6th April 1773. Agreed, that they be drawn out fair, and figned. ExtraS of Bengal Secret Confultathnt, tie 6tb May 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Prefident, William Alderfey, j { Henry Goodwin, iham, i fit tart, Mr. Dacres, indifpofed. Mr. Lawrel! intending to proceed en his Deputation to Corah in a few Days, now tikci his leave of the Board. ExtraS of Bcrgal Secret Consultations, the yflM&j 1773, P R E S E N- T, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, President, William Alderfey, Thomas Lane, Richd Barwel!, Henry Goodwin, John Graham, Go. Vanfittart* The Prefident lays before the Board the following Letter he has rcceivid from Sujaft til Do\vla. Frov: the Nabob Stijab ul Dcivla, Received tbe g'b June 1773. What you have written me on the Snbjecl: of an Interview, has eiven me infinite Plea- fure and Satisfaction ; my Defire to lee you is greater than can be exprefled. I /hall now return to FyzabaH, and it k neceffary that you come up agreeable to your Promife, and I fliall gie you ;he Meeting at Bensrej. In this Interview many Affu'vs which have as yet been brought to no IfTue, will, with our Mutual Advice and Concurrence, be eft-blifted upon a proper and advantageous Footing. It is alfo certain, that what cannot tike tfTeft in the prefent Year will be concluded in the n-xt, and that this Meeting will be a Means of ftrengthcning the Bonds of Friendftip ard Alliance fubfifling between us, as wdl as of dlablifning an uniform and squally d?fmb ! e Objet of Policy between vs. A true Tranfhtion. (Signed) W Reofcarn, r ersn Tranflatsr. William Alderley, j f Henry Gooc Richd Barwell, [ Efq r . ) John Grah, James Lawrell, J i George Vat APPENDIX, N 18. The Prefident acquaints the Board that in confequence of the above Letter, wit Confent he intends to proceed to the Interview with the Vizier already refolved, on the I9th Ultimo 5 and requefts the Permiffion of the Board to take Mr. Vanfittart with him, that he may be benefited by his Afliftance in the Bufinefs to be tranfacted with the Vizier. Agreed to. Mr. Lambert fends in the following Letter : To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, Governor, &c. Council Fort William. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, Mr. Lambert The very weak Condition to which my fevere Illnefs at Moor/he- requefts Leave dabad reduced my Conftitution, had long ago (and indeed more efpecially to accompany fince the Return of the hot Seafon) {hewn me the abfolute Necdiity of the Prefident a Change of Situation for the perfect Re-eftablifhment of my Health ; on account of but the Multiplicity of weighty Bufinefs in which this Board has for his ill Health, fame Time been engaged, made it my Duty to defer applying to you for Permiffion to remove from the Prefidency ; and I fliould moft cheerfully have perfevered in the Refolution, as long as I could poflibly have been able to attend to the Performance of the Bufinefs of this Station. The approaching unhealthy Seafon in Calcutta I could therefore wifh to avoid ; but as I am anxious at the fame Time to render what Service may be in my Power in affifting and promoting the public Bufinefs, I would, with your Permiffion, take the prefent favour- able Opportunity that the Governor's propofed Vifit offera me (fhould it meet his Approbation), to accompany him out of the Provinces. I fliould not, as I have before re- marked, have declined contributing my Part to the Difcharge of the weighty Bufinefs of the Prefidency ; but rr.y Phyficians have urgently preiTed me to try what falutary Effect a Change of Air and Climate may produce. I am, refpectfully, Sec. Fort William, (Signed) W. Lambert. 3ift May 1773. Agreed, that Mr. Lambert be allowed, for the Benefit of his Health, to accompany the Pictdent in his Trip up the Country. Extrafl of Bengal Secret Confutations, the jtb Ju*t 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqj Prefideflt. Tho* Lane, ^ Henry Goodwin,/ John Graham, sEfquires, Willm Lambert, f Geo. Vanhttart, J Received the following Letter from Brigadier General Sir Robert Barker: General 7 To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident and Governor, &c, Barker. J Council of Fort William. Gentlemen, Your Letter of the 6th of April I have had the Honour to receive ; and i> gives hie Satisfaction to find the Board have deputed one of it Members for a particular Examina- tion into the Revenues of the Corah Province. The Diftance 1 have been at has not al- lowed me to make any other than a general Obfervation on the Collections of this Pro- vince, and you may be aflured 1 mall with pleafure afford Mr. Lawrell e^ery Information that hat come to my Knowledge in relation to the Bufinefs he is deputed upon. I have wrote Muneer ul Dowla, to requeft he will have the Company's Houfe and La/ids prepared for the Reception of Mr. Lawrell, in the beft Manner the very incomplete Situ- ation of the Building as left by General Smith will admit of. Cnp at VufTact, I am, Gentlemen, with Reff eft, May the aoth, 1773, (Signed) Rt larks:. APPENDIX, K 18. Btngal Scent Crfvltation, the iSri Junt 1773, PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, William Alderfey, Philip M. Dacres, Thomas Lane, RichJ Barwell, Henry Goodwin, John Graham, Will" Lambert, George Vanfittart, J The Board having aflembled this Day folely for the Purpofe of delibe- the Prefident. rating on the Inftruclions to be given to the Prefident, refpeeling his In- terview with the Vizier, and the other Affairs in his Journey to Benares, they have accordingly agreed on a Set of Inftruftions, which they have ordered to be drawn out and figned ; But as in an Affair fo delicate as the Negociation with Foreign Powers, was the lead Intimation to efcape the Intentions of the Com- Notyettobe pany, it might ferve to fruftrate the AccomplUhment ; Ordered, That entered on the Inftrulions be not, for the prefent, enteied on the Confutations j but Record. that the Secretary draw out the fair Copy with his own Hands, for figning and delivering to the Prefident ; and that he alfo make out a Copy to be fealed up and left with the Senior Members of Council prefiding in his Abfence, to be kept till his Return, or until the Board {hall order othcrwife. Warren Haftings, W. Alderfey, P. M. Dacres, H. Goodwin, J. Graham, George Vanfittart. Bcng al Secret ConfuitattOKt, toe iztb July, I77Jt PRESENT, Philip Milner Dacres, Efq; Prefident, Henry Goodwin, 7 " f John Graham, $ Received the following Letter from Mr. Lawrell : To the Honourable Warren HafHngs, E'q; Prefident and Governor, Sec. Gentlemen of Count;', Fort William. Honourable Sir, and iirs, Mr. Lawrell arrived I have the Fleafure to acquaint you I arrived here this Day; at Allahabad. and in confequence of your Inftruc"lions I immediately applied to General Sir Robert Barker, to be put in regular Poflelfion of the Authority you have de legated to me over the Province of Korab, and it Dependencies. Allahabad, I am, with Refpect, &c. the nth June 1773, (Signed) James Lawrell. ferga! APPENDIX, N 18. JBtgal Secret Consultations, tie Itybjuly, 1775* PRESENT, William Alderfey, Efq; Prefident. Philip M. Dacres, lip M. Uacres, \ oLane, / ry Goodwin, -f' Graham, 3 Tho uane, trf n , Henry Goodwin f*- 1 John Gr Received the following Letter from Mr. Lawrell at Corah : Mr. LarwelJ, 7 To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; President and Governor, &c a Corah. Gentlemen of Council, Fort William. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, In my Letter, under Date the I2th Inftant, I had the Honour to inform you that I Bad written to General Sir Robert Barker, to deliver over to me the Authority delegated to hind in the Adminiftration of thefe Provinces. Upon receiving his Anfwer I accom- panied the Nabob Muneer ul Dowla to the public Cutcherry, where in the moft formal Manner I took Poffeffion of the Diftridts of Allahabad and Corah in the Name of the Company ailing as Allies to the King Shaw Allum ; and 1 fliall on all Occafioos pub- licly declare your Determination of maintaining the Company's Influence and Participa- tion in their Affairs and Revenues. The General informs me, that the great Diflance at which he has been obliged to aft during the late Campaign has prevented him from procuring any Accounts or Eftimates of the Revenues: I have therefore begun an Inveftigation of the Amount which thefe Diftricls have yielded for fome Years part j and as icon as I have collected the neceffary Papers, I fhall tranfmit you a complete Account thereof, with fuch Remarks as that you may be enabled to form an accurate Judgment of their prefent Capacity and Value. A few Days before my Arrival here, the Year 1 180 of the FufiUler /Era expiring, the Engagements of moft of the Farmers were diffblved ; and as they were unwilling to enter into new Ones until they faw what Form of Government would be adopted, I found every Thing in a State of Sufpenfe and Uncertainty, though the Seafon of Cultivation, which lafts but a fliort Time, was near at hand. To prevent the evil Confequences which would have arifen from a Continuance of Affiirs-in this Sta e, I am employed, in con- cert with the Nabob Muneer ul Dowla, in eftablnTjing Order and Regularity in the Ma- nagement of the public Affairs, and in infpiring the Farmers with Confidence and AfTurance of Support and Protection under the execuiive Government of Muneer ul Dowla. The Rains have fince fet in, and I have the Pleafure to inform you, that the Ryots are every where bufy in cultivating their Lands. As Muneer ul Dowla is to be continued in the executive Government, I have in- finuated to him my Inclination, that he fliould become anfwerable to the Company for a f xed Nett Revenue. He has hitherto however given me no pofitive Anfwer, and com- plains much of the Lofles he fuftained laft Year, and of the miferable State to which the Provinces are at prefent reduced, owing to his being abfent greater!. Part of laft Seafon with the Army, and the Want of Government that enfued, added to the Diforders occafioned by the Apprehenfions which the Natives univerfally entertained of an Irtva- fion of the Marattas. Thefe Caufes are now, indeed, removed; but their Effefts ftill manifeftly fubfjft, A Want of Inhabitants is complained of throughout the whole Coun-i try and in Corah, where rhe Lands have long been continued in the Pofiefllon of their original Proprietor?, feveral of the Zemindars and Rajahs, encouraged at firft by the Profpeft of a Revolution, and afterwards by an Experience of their own Strength, and the Inefficacy of Muneer ul Dowlah's Troops, are even now in open rebellion. Not- \vithitanding, however, all thefe unfavourable Circumftances, from the Nabob's Informa- tions, and the Enquiries I have made amongft Petfons of the beft Authority and Credit in this Place, I am led to Nope, that whether the Collections are received from the feveral Zemindars and Renters, or whether the Nabob becomes anCwcrable for the Whole himfelf, if thefe Provinces are difturbed by no foreign Enemy, I fliall be able to fecure to the Company, during the Courfe of the prefent Year, a Revenue confiderably exceeding what you msntion in your Letter of Inftructions, 3 la APPENDIX, N 18. In obedience to your Orders, I have called on Muneer ul Dowlah, for lys Collections from the Entrance of our Forces into the Country ; but though he has profeflid the greateft Readinefs to comply with my Demands, and has promifed to lay before me his Accounts of laft Year, he has neverthelef?, in this Refpecl, fliewed a Dilatorinefs in the Per- formance not entirely confiftent with his Profeflions. 1 (hall continue to urge him on the Subject, and as foon as I have procured and adjufted his Accounts, I fliall do myfelf the Pleafure of tranfmitting them to you, with fuch Obfervations and Remarks as may occur to me regarding them. Allahabad, I am, with much Refpeft, &c. the26th June, 1773. (Signed) James Lawrell* Approved of the "1 Steps he has > The Board approve of the Steps Mr. Lawrell has taken, taken, J and anfweredac- Agreed, That he be therefore informed of the fame in the follow- cordingly. ing Letter, and defirfd to tranfmtt the Accounts, that he may be able obtain, to us as early as pofiibie j alfo to lay before the Prefident on his Arrival at Benares. To James Lawrell, Efq. Superintendant at Corah, Sir, We hive received your Letters of the i*th and *6th June, and approve the Meafures you have t ken for attaining a Knowledge of the Revenue of Corah, and of the Accounts from Moneer ul DowU, of the Collections from the Period pointed out in your Inftruc- tions. When you have obtained and digefted thefe Accounts, we are defirous they may be immediately tranfmitted to us, and alfo that you lay them before the Honourable the Prcfident for his Information. We are, &c. Bengal Secret Confultattant, the 30^ Juty, 1773* PRESENST. William Alderfey, Efqj Prefident, Philip M.Dacres, 1 Henry Goodwin, I Efqrs. John Graham, i Mr. Lawrell. Z Read, the fallowing Letter from Mr. Lawrell at Corah. To the Honourable Warren Haftirfgs, Efq; Prefident and Governor, &c. Council, Fcrt William. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, * I am honoured with jour Letter of the ajd Ultimo. In obedience to your Orders, I am employed in collecting and arranging the Accounts of Allahabad and Corah, for the Information of the Prefident j and 1 flull implicitly conform to afl fuch Directions as he may think proper to give me, in confequence of the Meafures he may engage in for the Cclfion of thefe Diftridh. I am, with Refpeft, &c. Allahabad, (Signed) James Lawrtll, Jlth July, 1773. W. Alderfey, P. M. Dacres, H. Goodwin, J. Graham. APPENDIX, N it. gxlraft of Bttigal Stcrtt Cotifuhatians t tie i6tb Auguft 1775, PRESENT, William Alderfey, Efqr. Prefident, Philip M. Dacrcs, | Henry Goodwin, > Efq". John Graham, J Received, the following Letter from the Governor. T William Alderfev Ef 1 r ' &c ' Council at Fort William. Gentlemen, I arrived here on the jd Inftant 5 and as I learn that the Vizier is already on his War to Benares, I think it neceffary to proceed without Lofs of Time to meet him : I have therefore only ftopt here till fuch Time as all my Boats were come up ; and this Morning they were again difpatched on to Muneer, where I intend to join them the Morning of the 8th, going over Land for the greater Expedition, and taking a View of the Canton- ments of Dinapore in my Way. I purpofe on my Return to examine the Revenue Papers, and, with the Afliftance of the Gentlemen of the Board who have accompanied me, make any Alterations which may appear requisite in the Bufinefs of this Province. The Plan which Captain Brooke had formed for the Settlement of the Jungultirry, or mountainous Diftricts of Curruck- pore, appearing to be advifeable, I have impowered htm to conclude it, and directed him for the prefent to correfpond with me concerning them. I forbear to trouble you with other Particulars till I return from Benares, and enter more fully on the Confideration o( the Revenue Department. Patna, I am, &c. Auguft 6th, 1773. (Signed) Warren Hafiings, Extraf} of Bengal Secret Confultatints, the lyb September 177 Jo PRESENT, William Alderfey, Efquire, President, Henry Goodwin, 7 p , . John Graham, '$ Ef 1 u "- M. Dacres, mdifpofed. Received, a Letter from the Governor as follows ; The Go- 7 To William Alderfey, Efquire, and the reft of the Gentlemen of Coond! wrnor. $ at Fort William. Gentlemen, I arrived here Yefterday, and was met by the Vizier a few Miles from the City ; the General and Mr. Lawrell had arrived fome Time before me. The firft two or three Days from my Arrival, will necefiarily be taken up with Vifits of Ceremony, and other Arrangements, but I mean as foon as poflible to proceed on Bufinefs. I will not at prefent pretend to give any Intimation of my Expectations ; nor do I wtih, during the Courfe of the Negotiations, which I truft wiil be fhorr, to amufe you with the different Profpects of Succefs or Obftruflions which may occur, that I may not miflead your Judgment upon them ; I therefore propufe to delay writing on the Sub- ject, till the Bufmefs be concluded, or fomething be done proper for your Attention. This Conduct I hope will meet your Approbation. . Benares, I am , with Efteem, &c. aoth Auguft 1773, (Signed) Warren Hafting;. pxtrafl APPENDIX, N* is; Extra Ei of Bengal Secret Cttifttltatfau, tie x^d September 1773* PRESENT, William Alderfey, Efq; Prefident, Henry Goodw'n, 7 -, John Graham, $ ^ V3t Read, the following Letter from the Governor* The Go- 7 To William Alderfey, Efqj &-c. Gentlemen of the Seleft Committee lit Vernor. 4 Fort William. Gentlemen, , , . This Day I finally concluded an Agreement with the Vizier, the /h' S N mP Or; 8' nal of whicl j l fllal1 have the p leafure of laying before the Board eocia- on my Return j in the mean Time I think it my Duty, by the ear- lieft Opportunity, to communicate the bubftance of it to you for your Satisfaction, as follows: The Diftridts of Corah and Allahabad are ceded to the Vizier, on condition of hi* paying 50 Lacks of Rupees to the Company, 20 of which in ready Monty, and the remaining 30 in two Yeats, by equal Payments. He has engaged to pay the whole Expence >f the Company's Forces which may here- after march to his Aiiiftance, on his Kcquifition j which has been computed and fixed at 2,10,000 Rupees per Month for a Brigade. I have obtained a Renewal and formal Confirmation of his former Engagements with Rajah Cheit Sing. J prcpofe fetting out from this Place in Two Days. Benares, I am. &c. 7th September 1773. (igHedj \Varren Haftings. The Board agree to reply to the Governor's Letter in the following Manner ; ly to the? To vernor, i Honourable Sir, Reply to the? To the Honourable Warren Hafiings, Efq; Prefident, and Governor of Governor, i Fort William. onourae r, We have been favoured with your Letter, dated the 7th Inftanr, nnd take the earlier! Opportunity of congratulating you upon the fuceefsful Iflue of your Negociation at Be- nares, which appears to iis equally beneficial to the immediate Interefts of the Company; as it IG confonant to the Syftem to which our Honourable Employers have been invariably inclined, of maintaining and ftrengthenin<; our Alliance with Sujah Dowla, whofe Do- minions by their Situation form the natural Barrier for their Security of thefe Provinces. Fort William, We are, with the utmoft Efteern, Sec. *3d September 1773. Mr. Lawreil with Ac- Mr. Lawrell fends down a Letter to the Board, with Copies counts of the Corah and of Two from him to the Governor, and the feveral Account^ Allahabad Provinces. therein mentioned. Ordered", That the Accounts be entered after this Confutation, and the Letters re-, corded as follows : To William Alderfey, Efq; and to the reft of the Gentlemen of the Council of Fort William. Gentlemen, I have the Honour to tranfrnit to you Copies of Two Le'ters from mi to th; Honour- able the Prefident, accompanying ftveral Accounts and Eftimates of the Revenues of the Provinces of Corah and Allahabad, Copies of which are lik-wite (eat you enclofed. Benares, I am, with Refpetf, &c. ad September 1773, (Signed) James Lawrell, R*r.V, Ik To APPENDIX, No 18. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident and Governor, &c. fie, Honourable Sir, In obedience to the Orders I hive received from the Board, under Date 133 June, I have the Honour to lay before you the fevetal Accounts and Eftimates 1 have collected and prepared relative to the Revenues that at prefent arife, or may hereafter be drawn from the Territories of Allahabad and Korah. That you may the more fully an.i clearly comprehend the Nature of thefe Accounts, 1 fhll proceed to give you an Explanation of each, agreeable to the Numerical Order in which they are arranged in the leparate Liir. NO i, , 3, and 4. The Jurama Wafel Baky of Allahabad for the the Fuflillee Years H7<>, 77, 78, and 79, exhibiting the Amount Settlement made by the Farmers, Phouz- djrs, Aumils, and Zemindars, in their refpefHve Di/trirs during thefe Years 5 alfo the Revenue they actually collected. I muft, however, remark, that the Three laft Mehals are inferted at the Rate they were farmed out by Government, and the Sum collected was what was brought to account clear of all Mofullil Charges ; whereas the Coileflions of the firft Siven MehAls, being the Grofs Revenue levied by the Farmers, &c. according to the Kanoongoe Account?, were liable to f=veral Deductions and Expences before they couH be brought iiMo the Government's Treafury. It were, 1 am fenfible, to be wiflied, that the feveral Mehals in thefe Statements could have ail been inferted on One uniform Plan ; but as the Three laft had been farmed out to Individuals, and the Government contented with receiving regnlarly the Amount of the annual Settlement, had not inter- fered further, I was unable to procure their Mohiffil Papers. On the other Hand, when J applied to the Nabob for the Sudder Accounts of the firft Seven Mehals, I was informed that the King, when he marched to Delhi, had carried them and all the public Records aiong with him. N S> 6, 7, 8, and 9. The Jumma Wafel Baky of Korah for the Years 1176, 77, 78, 79, and 1180, drawn out on the fame Form as the preceding Accounts of Alla- habad.-^)^ Accounts were delivered_to me by the Nabob Munneer ul Dowlah's Officers. The Firft Column exhibits the Jumma, or the Amount of the Government's Settlement with the Farmers ad Zemindars ; the Second fpecifies the Amount actually realized into the Treafury of Korah 5 and the Four laft Columns {hew the Particulars of the Balances. In the Account of the Year 1180 the Nabob has omitted to infert the Mint ; but as thefe Statements are wanted folely to enable us to form an Eftimate of the present Revenue, my having pointed out this Miltake will, I imagine, be (ufficient. N jo. A Sudder Account Jumma Wafel Baky of Allahabad for the Year 1180, fup- plied me by the Nabob Munneer ul Dowla, fhewing the Amount of his Settlements and Collfftions daring lad Year. I could hare wifhed to have accompanied it with a State, ment of the Mofoflil Collections, but the Kanoongoes informed me, the Year having fo recently expired, they had not {efficient Time to adjuft their Accounts. N 11. A Statement of the Province of Allahabad, fpecifying the Quantity of wade Lands, and the total Number of Begaes at preient in a State of Cultivation ; the Quan- tity to be deducted on account of Jaghirss, Ahema, and other Grants, with their efti- mated Produce, aad finally exhibiting the Meafurement of the Malguzarry Lands, with the Value ther-if, taken from the Regifter of the Kanoongoes, according to their lateft Accounts and Valuations. NO it. An Account of the Jghire and Eltatnhaw Lands in Allahabad, fpcifying the Amount of ihetr Revenues, and the Names of their Holders. N. 13. A fimilar Account for Korah. N. i+. An Abftracl Account of the Ahema and other Charity Lands, fliewing the Quantity thus alienated at prefent in the fcveral Pergunnahs of Allahabad. N i'e. The fame Account of Korah. N 16 Accounts Achrajaut of Allahabad ana Korah, being Abftrafts of the eftablifljed as well as etra Charges incurred on Account of thefe Provinces, for the Year 1179. I was deurous of procuring a fimilar Account for laft Year ; but at the Time of my leaving Allahabad, the Nibob's Officers had not be:n able to adjuft it. The Charges which appear under the Head of Allahabad feem very heavy, owing to the greateft Part of the Pay of the Horfemen and Seapoys being defrayed from its Revenue, though kept up equally for the Protection of both Provinces. The Amount of this Article ought there- fore to be confidered as a general Charge for Allahabad and Korah, and the Proportion which each ought to bear, will be fliewn in the Eftinaate of Exoences for the Year n&i. APPENDIX, NiS. N* 17. An Eftimatf of the Grofs Collections of both Provinces, fliewing the Amount of the Government's Revenue, and the S,m alienated in Jighiies, Etamghaw, Atretma, and other Grants. NO 18. An Eftimate of Charges which, from the Acco-mts of former Years, and the moft authentic Informations, it is thought will be ne^effary for making the Col- lections of Allahabad and Korah for the prefent Year. ' NO 19. An Eftimate of the Nett Revenue of the Provinces of Allahabad and Korah. By the Eftimate, N* 17, corroborated by ihe Accounts of the Collections for 5 Years p?ft, it appears, that the total Produce of the Lands, Duties, and other Sources of Re- venue in thefe Provinces, amounts to fo Urge a Sum as R s 349,54,274. 13. 9 ; but by the Grants of Etamghaws, Jaghiers, Ahema, and other Alienations, it has been di- minifhed in Allahabad to R* 9,90,541. 8. 9 ; and in Korah to R s 18,65,201. a. making together only R* 28,55,74*. lo. 9. So:ne of thefe Grants however had, previous to rny Arrival, keen refumed by the Nabob Muneer ul Dowla. Jf we re-annex their Revenue (raterf laft \'ear as per Account Nf 19, at Rs 1,73,587. o. i. to thofe of the Government, they will then amount to R s 30,29,3x9. lo. p. the Sum which may be collected annually from the Ryots of AlUhabad and Zemindars of Kcrah ; and fiom this Sim, if a Deduction is made of 10 per Cent, for the Mofuflil Charges of Allahabad, and we admit an Allowance for Nankar, Abatements and Balances on a Medium ot fo.mer Years, as per Account, NO 19, then will be left the Sum of Rs 26, $3,416. n. 10; from which, if we further deduct the Amount of Suddar Charges, computed as per Efti- mate, N 18, at R 4,74,000, there will then remain Rs 41,09,416. n. 10. the Nett Revenues which may be realized annually to Government. This is The Revenue which, from thefe Account?, and the Refult of my Enquiries, I am of Opinion, if the Country remains in Peace, and is affected with no unufual Calamity, we may in future Years ex- pect to reap from thefe Provinces; and I d.mbt not but confiderable Augmentations may hereafter be made, by examining the Sunnuds of Etamghaws, Jaghires, Ahema, and other AJienaiions, and refuming fuch as may be found detective by the Reverfion of Jaghires, which are only granted for Life, and by the Retrenchment which may be made in the various Articles of Expence, when our Government becomes more firmly eftablifh- cd, and its EftVcts are diffufed throughout thr whole Detail of public Affairs. With refpect to the prefent Year, our Expectations muft be fomewhat lefs. In my Addrefs to the Board, of the 28th June, I reprefented to them the many Difadvantages under which the Provinces laboured from the ApprehenCons of the Inhabitants, occa- fioned by the threatened Invafion of the Marattas; from the Sufpence in which the Farm- ers and Zemindars were kept during the moft critical eafon, refpecting their future Maftersj from the Rebellion actually raifed by fomc of the Rajahs; and, in Aort, from the Irregularities and Difordtrs which fubfifted in every Branch of the Government. Finding, that under all thefe Circumftances, the Collection of the Revenue muft be ex- tremely precarious, whilft Muneer ul Dowlah fliould be continued in the executive Go- vernment as Naib to the King, unlefs he were bound to exert himfelf by fome ftronger Tie than merely Zeal and Attachment to the Intereft of the Company, I thought it ne- ceflary to apply to him ; and did, after fome Time, and with much Difficulty, prevail on him to grant me a Writing, by which he made himfelf refponfible for the Nett Sum of 16 Lacks of Rupees during the prefent Year, exclufive of the Rents of the Jaghires already reannexed to the public Revenue, and of fuch Refumptions as on an Examination of the Sunnuds may be made hereafter; and without demanding any Deductions for ihe Charges of his own Maintenance in the Station of Naib to the King. It remained for the Approbation of the Board to confirm this Agreement, and no Obligation was granted by me in the mean Time on the Part of the Company. Here, Sir, permit me to fubmit to you my Smtirr.ents on this Subject. If our Syflem of Policy (hall ftill rendfr it ne- cefiary that Muneer ul Dowlah fliould be continued as Naib to the King, it will, I think, be highly prudent in us to accept of this Security for a certain Revenue, and refign to him the Surplus of his Collect ons as a Compenfation for the Charges of his expenfive Station.; but on the contrary, if it fh-iuld be deemed no longer requifite to fupport hii*i in this Character, Mun-er ul Dowlah will expect to bs re.'eafed from his Obligation ; and we may, in my Opinion, readily confcnt to annul it. and take the Collection of the Revenues into our own Hands, with a Confidence of realizing a larger Sum than that for which he is become refpontiblf, though perhaps lefs than that which in rr.y Eftimate I have computed the Provinces will hereafter yield. It has ever been the Ciiftom to allow the Ryn's a total RefpUe from Collections from the Beginning of June till the End of September, in order that they may have leifuie Qz to APPENDIX, NO 1 8. tQ fettle their Annual Accounts, and attend to the Cultifation of their Lands. .Sp that during my Rcfidcnce at Allahabad, theie has nothing been collected, unlefs feme incon- fiderable Sums iceeived by Muneer ul Dowlah on account of Duties and other Ariidea of the Sayer Revenue. Bcnar'rs, I am, &c. the zzd Auguft, 1773. (Signed) James Lawrell. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Pre/ident and Governor, &c. Sec. Honourable Sir, The Nabob Muneer ul Dowlah has delived me a State of his Account Current with the King, as Farmer of the Provinces of Allahabad and Koran during the Fuffille Year Ji8o. A Tranflation of it I beg leave to lay before you for your Approbation. The Balance which thereby appears due from him I have nearly received. Benares, I am, &c. the ift September, 1773. (Signed) James Lawrell. Agreed, That we teftify our Approbation of Mr. Lawrell's Proceedings in the follow* ing Letter to him ; To James Lawrell, Efq; Sir, Heply to Mr. We have received your Letter, cf the ad Inftant, with the feveral Lawrell. Papers mentioned to be enclofed. Although we have been favoured with Advices at the fame Time from the Honourable the Prefident, apprizing MS of the IfTue of his Negociations with the Vizier ; and although \ve learn thereby, that the Ceflions of Korah and Allahabad is comprehended in the Treaty ; yet can we- not omit exprefiing our Satisfaction, with the Re fu It of your Refearches into the State of the Revenue of thefe Provinces. They appear to us to have been profecuted with much Accuracy and Attention, as well as with great Difpatch ; and we doubt not but they proved of Utility and Afliftance to the Prefident in concluding his Stipulations with the. Vizier. We are, &c. W. Alderfey, Fort William, H. Goodwin, 2|d Setempber 1773. j. Graham, JUMM4 A P P E N D I x, No 18 . s to | ON ei | s *i vO * 1 1 ? J< 1 /* 5 1 2 r. JC " r I I 1 0\" " i* * i? 15 * s 1 1 J M c. i 1 1 1 * r, 1 ^ 00 00 rt 8 fr 1 1 i 1 ON 1 s i? N * * r 1 | K i 1 eo i 1 I 00 M I I M 1 s ifl I o* VO VO ON ^ oo 00 3 2 g IT %J t; 1 1 S *r> ? s>. ( S | 1 g" 3 M 1 1 1 1 1 \ 1 1 i 1 1 1 i 1 I I 1 I I i I I S | M j 1 ook of Ban 1 I I 1 I or Mint ! 1 -G 1 _ H 1 1 I 1 S G S S N 1 "3 i , 2 D 1 K Secunderporc Arrey! with Nuab Gungs 3 e M ai Mehal Daru 1 A APPENDIX, K 18. Balance due from the Diftrifls. c, | , I | y * ^ ! 1 * s y x s 8 I ] | o o co r^ * <* m ^" eT 1 o OO Abated or irreco verable. i - i 1 > 1 s 1 1 g; I I 1 1 1 1 VO 1 1 1 1 1 " 1 1 1 - 2 I r i i l rj- VO "^ ^- r> O I 1 1 3- S S 5 S * 8 [ ' ' 3 : 55 i I <^ ^ j J | J y , v VO , , = 5 * & c^ S- SJ I I I \O 1 vo~ oo" * * o 1 1 ^ " 1 * I 1 ! f 1 1 S <* S * 1 1 I 1 1 J^Onr-^irtoooo^o *i* OjOvt^Soj! o .O M^VO ^Tj-t^O^'^V'1^'j > \0 oo e| 1 e" 5 ! I 1 1 * 1 i I I i * 2 1 1 r | | j | i . * vo o o v>o o o < Si eOV 3-voo'*'vo ~ >* M ( 6" cT Jc 2 E I 1 1 1 1 i i 1 J '"''.::!, i * i 1 ' , ' 1 i "i I ^ 1 Q i *9 ' i ^ ^21 N o - Q S tn 11 s- 5 ^6^2 15 AllaJiabad Rupees Swi^yj^SS^S APPENDIX, N 18. 6 VO * 1 \ \ 1 1 1 I 1 ** 0> 1 1 1 " 1 ! 1 1 vC 4 1 2 1 1 1 1 c 3 o ov g *R. IT S OX 1 I ! VO 3 5 en ^ ? c? >o 5 2 ' * CO 1 1 1 I 1 I j ON 2 * 2 10 ^ i 1 1 1 M 11 M VO Tj- S u ^ rt en g o o o o Pi < s I VO 1 * ? 1 rf S 40 *x f c * 1 1 | 1 i 1 1 1 I en i ~ S 2 1 1 < 1 1 1 ! ? ^t O m H f4 r^> vr> O OS o o O <7\ o O jy * % < l ^ oo o o^ t^ e w *+ cT ^n f 1 _ o *n ^ oo l " f ^ s * ~ 1 1 1 1 f 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 f 1 I 1 ' 1 1 1 1 i 1 vt, 1 s g I 1 f | ' I s 1 "o 1 1 1 ID 1 I 1 w JS 1 1 O I 1 1 C I Darul Zeib agur 1 S 1 | I A ^ 1 1* 1 > 1 1 I APPENDIX, No 1 8. | 01 , , , | | | | S ^ *- 1 * E M 1 1 0\ 1- 00 5 ^ S ? 1? 1 Abate', or iireco- verable. j 1 1 1 1 " 1 I 1 1 i " 1 1 1 * 1 I 1 1 | i i s j: j i i 6" J i i * i i ii i i - * i i * i i i i ? i VO * ct o oo o w, to en I * * 1 I 1 * 1 1 I 1 = 2 2 | - I I | O ^ "1 - O> CO T}- I * fl *i ' 5 ? ^ .?-?, ^ S ? 2 ' 5- E I ii 1 " 1 1 " - 1 1 | VO w ^ ** OO H I 1 C* ^O OO *2. M ^* * r * O O O 1 t^ S o" Jumira, or Amount Settlement. * 1 1 1 - - 1 1 - * 1 * M * 1 1 1 ONOn-rjr^^oo-. S J g J 5 8 8 8 rx A 1 1 J 1 i 1 1 i I 1 ' l ' ' 1 1 1 1 ' i i i i i f l * ., i i 1 ; 5 i 1 I i i* 1 = ^ I = 1 1 s| =2 ~ APPENDIX, N 18. ""I --I | | | | | j M | I ojsSs/^Sfls I M & I o 01 o> i | f o - I 2 J 2. IT I ' * 2. T I * ' 9 I I M I I I M riTTTTT I II I 1 I II I I i I ( II I I I 11 E- < S "* II I I M M* "! I M I I I C""| - I-" I | "*| I I S | | I * \ M I MM ** I I I "I I I "" II II * II I - I I I - I II rf\ n o n ^ 4- , TJT ^ ,A M QX*OC M o>m*t-K l I 1 M M I I I II " II II " I I I I* I - l~- I I *l M I rl I I 1 I I I I II i M i 1 I I M i I i ,1 lilt, 1 I I | 5 ! . ?!! ^ ?" 2 S A P P E N D N e 18. fi * I | * *| | | ||! " | """ fJroo-J ,00 | c 1 1 1 1 1 1 M ji Ilft^li 51 * ! " 1 1 1 2" 1 M M M M 1 I II 1 1 1 0, . 1 j 1 -"""I I | vo | | || 1 1 1 VO ti B!! 1 *'?-'! M - A \ \ 1 I 0 t^eo - - ^- t-, ON- M^C 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 en vo * X 1 > * ^ T N ^ "" " **" O . | | | a. m | ro j 1 1 1 VO *" a e "* *r=? w T I " 2 | ^^^ 'III II J-SS8 5 C O e> 'S . a 3 l^f^tif^i*?^ c - 1 ! ! 1 1 1 II M 1 i 1 ~ 1 - ri |-~*2 ll ll i 1 1 M ll *. OOM^O^OoOOOoJnC - O > o o o g Cxr-U^^r^^^HOoOOOOvo^. 00 ll al ^-oo > o^ve oo -~ t--oo M ~ M ui ^ kS^* ?. E - M ! M M 1 II 11 1 1 1 1 S M i 1 I i i i H S J3 1 ** 1 c J "1 3 1 i j 1 '' l'l ll' is f|| 2 Ji u 1 J IligJllUsfc 1- j| I'll If Mlfi i if II j-g-s \ R z APPENDIX. N 18. jvo m | I "I I I "">| I j *3 I **8?| - I I IJT-I | "> -=' ?-' ' ' Srs 1 ' ' o ^^ I I s * I I I It ^ m ^l MINI M> "| I I I I Z**l i I I I || S?| I I I ISA'S, I I I I I 1 I *1 f I 2^1 ? I i ! I I I |J II If < 2 :-l H -I- -I i i i -1 1 1 1 '---'-*- I- I? I rr | | | CN T* 2 2 w I II * I II * I I I *" I I I I ^ r ^* | | *2^l 2T| | I I III, n'l s c . N -s i: Ss-3 S II J-S < s APPENDIX, N 18. | 1 |*| |r| | in** I I I " I I *2 I I I U- J I I I * 11 " I I I I I ~ I I I - i I *2 1 I I ir ojrj9vooo i w> o *o I VO VO t~~ O 00 8Hl?^IH||,i 2 = Ssi ?R5t*^^? || I 1 1 1^88 1 I I 8 I '. l ' r JT2 H 2 I i I* 1 1 -1 1 1 1 1 -" I III?! l*| III"- APPENDIX, N 18. 1 H 1 " 1 * to t- 1 -1 h 00 *" * *^ * o c SO vO o oo vo M OO 00 i^ VO 00 - S O t^OO <_ ^> ^" ^ oo ^vO * * *"- if VO 0| ..MM -1 1 '* <5 c 1 i i " 5 !?? an g, - - N J* rt. ^ 1 C H M r^i i^ 1 I i , 1 1 3 ^o * *s : i , Fj i 1 1 I ' ' i to c 1 1 *! g oli ^1? -o s w.oo * ^ o oo q " * rT M o i y 1' i i I i .2 iel Beg . ;imed Azeem ..! fht.nrl Huflen Beg ' i ^ . 3 rS jB < J: *= 5 ' { |.3| | ii i 1 1? '| | 11 ii t "j-S-j I S i: ^1 s j~ S-^'-trSS H I Z * ?. < jh i g. 6 S * 1 1 'ill y ^ M 1 > H^JjjJ CO s> 9 1 5 -o- i .,..<, i: 1 1 z 1 1 pf : " e !ii s 2 | 1 5 ? ? 5 S { si|Ejjn,| y i ii ? i i JT 1 ,8 = . s'P'iHO , - , , , ~ ir 5 S-g ^. -, ^. o^ ..-, X P """'A * * t*> to o t> 5 i i I C I 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 M NO 1 i i V i ff a 00 1 S m it? v*. . sewt ? 1 1 2 * - 1 2 1 Ill 2tt 3 | ! ! ! 1 1 ! 1 the above ! erwife imt -, . g S >, sqninj j M 1 1 1 1 1 1 S S S 3 i* Z'^~c pnm | * 1 * 1 1 - 1 ? -| S J* |6- *TOA 5 ~ " - - " f, 2,.'* .s 1 1 1 " 1 1 I in 1 in ^ \o %o i r t DowLi, is n . B O -t- -4- r 00 O 5 ? *' | S 5 ? <; " rT i,oa3,o 9 6 2{j i"H ^ I I I 1 1 1 ^ 1 -tii * 1 - 1 >T | * ( is 3 1 -,,A vT % % ^r ~ r r Hi sueun^ " l i 1 1 I i " ! ^2 -1 s^:n, 3 | - I 1 1 '1 1 1 1 - ^,, A S 8, " JT - " * -1 *! |2 Names of the 1 i * 1 1 tr ' ! 1 ' f lit 1 f j I N B The Jap> the Quantity of M obtained, amounti APPENDIX, N 18. AC COUNT of Jagheer Lands in the Province of Allahabad, under their different Denominations, fpecifying the Names of the Holders, and the Amount of their Revenues. Jaghiraut, Allumgaw, or Jagheen granted to Perpetuity. In Kheyragur, held by Muneer ul Dowla, One Pergunnah, amounting td - R s 1,80,000 la Cheyl, held by the Nabob Khan Allum, confifting of Six Villages and One Puttah ' - 6,000 ID ditto by Rajah Sowhet Roy, 17 Villages 4,030 In ditto by Rajah Khy aly Ram, nine ditto and I Chuck - - 3,coo la ditto, by Moonfhey Khuflaul Sing, confifting of 3 Villages, i Chuck, and a Tank . - 3,000 In ditto, by Roy Bilias Ram, *oo Began . 500 Jaghiraut, Jagheers granted for Life. In Keway, held by Khan Allum, One Per- gunnah .... 60,000 la Cheyl, Mirza Acbar Shaw, 17 Vil- lages . - _ 5*500 -- In ditto, -- Suliman Sheks, 3 ditto - - 1,150 -- :' In ditto, Morbarek, 41 ditto - - 8,300 -- In ditto, - Tadje Mehal, i ditto - . 1,500 -- In ditto, Rajah Ram Naut, 4 ditto and 1 Puttah - - - I,joo In ditto, Khiflam ul Dowlah, confift- ing of 69 Villages and 15 Cunwah - CO,CKO -- In ditto, Wajut Dowlah, 4 Villages - - 2,000 -- In ditto, -- Afghar Ally Cawn, 3 ditto - 450 -- In ditto, .. Hoofh Chufljm Ally Cawn, I ditto - . 400 -- In ditto ..... Futty Ally Cawn, 2 ditto, i In ditto, - Gullam Ally Cawn, a ditto - '400 -- InSuram, Bowanny Sing, z ditto - . 1,100 . In Mab, ---- Bekarey DofsMoanlhy, i ditto - 150 Baugat, or Ground denominated Gardens, held as Jagheers. |n CheyJ, held by Rahut Efzan, 5 Villages and i Puttah In ditto, - Delferam, I ditto - In ditto, Jey Sing, 2 ditto - In Arreyll, -- Allum Efzam, 4 ditto - 2) coo __ In Cheyl, Ground granted the Englilh for can- toning their Troops - . 1,000 4,000 - I)SOO __ 4OO Benarts, zzd Auguft 1773. Allahabad Rupees 1,96,500 1,14.550 8,900 3,19,950 ACCOUNT APPENDIX, N 18. ACCOUNT of Jaggheers in the Province of .CoraK, fpe'cifyihg; the Names of the Holders and the Amount of their Rents, as eltimated for the prefent Year 1 181. In Kirary, held by Sb^tabroV In Mo/fimpore, Ac'oiz Shaw 50,000 __ _ In Kirah, Nafier Munzoor Ally Cawn, 5 Villages , 4,000 n DO R-rrnaut 8$ Villages . . 5,000 _ n Khafs Korah, Njffu Munzoor Ally Cawn, jo DO . II.OCO P . n Jadgemow - - Jaje Mehal 15 DJ and i Chuck 9,000 ^_ .^ n Gautimpore Boocha Khawas - , - 3 Villages - . *,4SO , n Allarbund - Behader Ally Cawn Cojah . 737 . n Kirra - - n Khafs Rorah, Jaje Mehal The Bad/haw Zadah 18 Villages - 6 D - 4,000 22,000 ~ ~ In Jadgemow MizziNudziffCawn 9f DO - 15,000 Korah Rupees - '.79.^87 Benares, izd Auguft 1773. ABSTRACT ACCOUNT of Ayma, &c. Charity Lands, fpecify- ing the Quantity devifed away under that Head, in the feveral Pur- gunnahs of the Province of Allahabad, for the Fuflullee Year 1180. Cunwas. Cuttchs. In Cheyl Arreyll Villages -. DO 7* 4 8 and Begas and D 37-9*6 5,273 3, 16 Suraih _ DO 1 ~- Secoundrah _ DO 33 15 . _ 4 Singrore, or Nuab Gunge - D 3 5 and DO 700 Mah . Do 3' i* . Villages - 163 and Begas 46,668 18 Benares, 22d AuguA I7"| , V. ABSTRACT APPENDIX, N 18. ABSTRACT ACCOUNT of Charity Lands in the Province of Co- rah, including Nancar, or Lands originally granted to the Canoo- goes in lieu of Wages, taken in the Fuflillee Year 11 8 1 . Names of the Pergunnah. Ayma held in virtue of the King's Sunnuds. Ayma de- viled away y the Zeros nd fucceed- ng Aumils. Ayma anted to erpetuity. Nancar eld by the Canoon- goes. Total Vill^es. | 1 1 3 g S s? S i 1 I I i - > | > H > > w > I In Khas Kerch - 8 ^. , __ z 10 Gaunmpore 1 __ __ __ X __ % 5 KooteahGoonere 3 10 _ _ _ __ I 4 10 HufTua, Sec. >a TO __ _ 4 if 10 Futtehpore Hautgang 37 II 10 9 2 10 - 1 2 ] k - Attarbund 3 3 __ 10 4 10 -Kirrah 84 10 P 10 Z 100 ~ Bretore - 3 3 Aingee _ -* i Rarry 4 ^ 3 9 Bendkee - 1 1 _ - . ,. u P c 218 f~ir 3' 3 V ~ u io Not included in the above, In Klro Corah i Chuck. Futtehpore j DO Rarry i D 3 Chucks, ACCOUNT Lands in Corah, which, though not held ticular Denomination, are alienate from the Government, anc which the Rights of Tenure have n .t yet been afcertained. of In Peetor Ditto Jadgerrow MohuiTinpore Airyer Majawun Futtehporo Hautgouj held by Rajah Gengo Sicg, & Villages 135 Benares, *ad Auguft 1775. A P P E N D I X, N 18. ACCOUNT ACHRAJAUT, being an Abftraft of eftabliflied as well as extra Charges incurred on account the Province of Allahabad, for the Fuffillee Year 1 179. Allowances to Horfemen for the Protection of the Provinces, and for enforcing the Collections ..... - - Allowances to Sepoys for - D p , - DO - ... Pool Bundey ..... . _ . r Khelauts or Drefies given to the Karry , &c. on the End Feftival - - Repairs of the King's Palace ....... Rupees - 5,65,445 11 6 1,46,710 i goo ' IO,OCO 10.650 7,33,65 13 ACCOUNT ACHRAJAUT, being an Abftral of eftabliftied as well as extra Charges incurred on account the Province of Korah, for the Fuffillee Year 1179. Allowances to Horfemen for the Protection of the Province, and for enforcing the Collections Allowances to Sepoyi for - D - D Mofufiil Charges - Wages to Aumils and Naibs D to Mohurrurs and Peifkkars on the Part of Government DO to Mohurrurs on the Part of the Aumlls D to Mohurrurs belonging to the different Zelas - Allowances to the Nabob's Naib at Korah Apereentage of a/xr Cent, allowed to D on the Collection*, but of Munich a Part was only admitted .... Rufibom to Government's Servant* . . - D? to the Kanoongoes - .... Khelauts and Entertainments ..->> Jmereft and Batta paid the Merchants for Money borrowed Khyraut to the Bramins and Fuckeen - - Ruflbom to tkeKazey - ...... Paid for a State Horfe and Camel, with Furniture - - - Repairs of Forts ....... Powder, &c. for the Ufe of the Fort of Gurreah .... Charges of Sezwals or Colleftors employed to colled! the Balances in theDiftridh ... - Charges incurred in fupplying Engiifh Gentlemen with Neceflaries in travelling through the Diftricts - - Charges of reducing fome Forts belonging to the refractory Zemindars - Robberies committed in the Diftridts - Remitted for fundry Ahema Lands, which had been improperly refurr.ed to Government - ... owed to the Mufter-Mafter of Horfe and Sepoys Sayer Curtth, or City Expenccs - - Rupees - 3,53,878 13 Bcnaret, azd Augud 1773. 90,591 12 6 63,012 10 9 52,962 6 6 7,963 2 5,560 6 10,090 2,643 * 33 ,oco 7,000 33,88? II 6 6,781 7 9 6,47 9 5> S 9 5 196 i 3 3,113 iz 1,031 9 1,995 a 9 353 " f 353 ii 6 3,205 9 347 5 9 149 9- 675 14 450 137 6 6 739 ESTIMATE Ji*o 04 i 9, --S 5 JT I JT |.S 00 Jg X r 2 ,-, 00^ *t |ifi So * ^ 66 : 'S 5 | "i r 1 991 5?l a TJ 5 r ft Jjl K {* ^ t ' vtT |S M> I ail 1^ ^ M 1 111 0? ^ cT .<= 6 U ,2 J S -a," 1 i 1 2 T, 1 1 ^jl!I s | 1 8 % 1 S*^ 5 ? ~ ! I 1 1 ! j *- ^ t3 c/3 IS ** s> ^ ^ InH t $ ? s APPENDIX, N 18. An ESTIMATE of Charges which will be necefiary for making the Colleftions o' the Provinces of Al ahabad and "Koran, for the Fuffillee Year 1181. Ja Illahabad, tOO Horfemen for the Protection of the Province, and en- forcing the Collections, at 20 R s per Month each, making per A'.num 48,000 1,500 Armed Peons for D Expence, ettimated - 63,000 Charges General - ..... 10 ooo Allowances to Cutcheny Servant?, including petty Charges -_---. 36,000 1,57,000 Jn Korab, 400 Horfemen for the Protection of the Province, &c. at the above Rt, making per Annum - - 96 OOO S,oOo Armed Peons for DO Expence, elHmated - - 1,16,000 Artillery and other Military Charges ... 75,000 Allowance to a Hiouzdar - 24,000 Charges General - - .... 20,000 Allowance to Cutchtrry Servants, including petty Charges . 36,000 3,17,000 Rupees - 4,7.1,0:0 E'narei, aid Auguft 1773. E. E. James Lawrell. AJS . APPENDIX, Ni8. An ESTIMATE of the Nett Revenue of the Provinces of Allahabad and Corah. Alhhabad, as fcr Statement of ihe Valuation of the Lands taken ironj Canoongoes. Duties 8,85,541 8 9 Add Mehal Sayer or Duties not included in the above, together with the Mint, cflimated at . 1,05,000 Pedut for Balances, Nancar, and Abate- ments, on a Medium, of Four Years, being from the Beginning of the Fuf- fillr '/car 1176 to 1179 inclufivc 96,264 4 For Moajijfell Charges on the Valuation of the Lands, eftimated at 10 fer Ctnt, 81 9,90,541 8 2 6 1,84,818 6 Add Jagheers refnme^, the Rents of which towards the End of Jaft Year, were collected by Government: Jn Perg. Cheyl, formerly enjoined by Hu/hal Sing _ 3,000 , In D, by Miiza Albai Shaw 5>5 In D, Suliman Sheeko . 1,150 n DO, Nabob Mobareek 8,300 - n DO, Sadge Mehall . 1,500 . n D, Rajah Ramnaut J>5OO -^ n D, Khiflam ul Dowlah 30,000 . n DO, Hufli Chufhm Ally Cawn . 400 n D*, Wajy ul Dowlah . 2,000 n D, Rapul Afzam . _ 4,000 n D, Futty Ally Cawn .. a,ooo . n D, Gulam Ally Cawn . 400 . In DO, Delferam J)S oo In Suram, by Bowanny Sing .. 1,100 In Arfeyl, by Allmn Efram . 2, coo Total Allahabad Corah ; Jumma or Amount Settlement of the Fuflillee Year 1180 1,865,301 a Deduft for Balances, Nankar, and Abate. ments, on a Medium of the laft 5 Years 161,094 6 5 Add, Jagheers refumed, the Rents of which were, towards the End of Jaft Year, collected by Government : In Perg. Mohuflinpore, formerly enjoyed by Aebar Shaw In Knrah, by NaHer Munzoorally Cawn In Khafs Corah, D In Kirrah, by Rajah Ramnaut In Jademow, by Tadjee Mehal Jn Gautt:mpore, by Boothos Khaufs in Atteibund, by Bhehadur Ally Cawn In Kirrah, by Tadge Mehal Jn Khafs Khorah, bjr Bad/haw Zadah 1,704,106 9 7 50,000 ly Cawn 4) ooo 11,000 5 ,oco 9,000 jauls 2,450 . r Cawn 1,737 4,000 ,adah 22,000 . 8/3,203 9 7 Total Corah Grand Total D duft for Charges, as per Eftimate Remains Nctt Revenue 683,416 ji jo aog.4i6 ii 10 BeaarcSj 22^ Auguft 1773. , E, Jamei Lawrcll 8,05,723 64,400 ,70,1*3 a APPENDIX, N 18. ( 1 S I "sl 3 M J | I 1 1 1 1 I "=11 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 i . f5 | | | | j | * ^0000 J I," 2 1 ! I 1 1 1 1 2 I " " S S-" ' Q v ^ 1J - > - . . ,, Q ~ _r * O O 8. &\ so q * o " tC i>o o_ o> o_ S 8 o S 1 s; S^ 5- ~ It " ' ' ' ' ' * !f~' J" i , i ( rT < u : i o - J S , 1 3 * "5 -.S "o ' i , 9 tfl - IS 5 S 1 ' ia CO i| J ' , ' S, ' ' ' v"~ ? ^ , 1 OQ ' $ -3 5^ I 1^"...-, *v ^ s 1 ' * "5 o o |-5 ',$(l-i w Allum, for the End of Ri *lSa 2 <-^'S i i i ^ _ ^ '-3 e a s ?gg tl|- ? Ifl2f&&s:|| -5 4 "SO ' M || bob Munecr u tlisMajefty's at Allahabad, sty-5 iS*s g 8.sl^?5 int with his Majefty Sha 'ear of the Reign, until ' i ??S1i3|l^ 1 *^*?il^r|-s 5 |ll-5^-sll|^ i Illlll^m 6 .5 -3 -3 ^ -3 -3 -3 -3 -3 -S " ooooc 06006 Si! ^O ao ea JBy Amount Allowance? Allowances to the Na Order Allowance to fundry of! ftationed Madar ul Dowlah 3,0 Mahomf d Sujah Caw Furznnd Cawn Behad Mehdy CoolyCawn B Rajah Sourhet Roy, Rajah Dyarani Mahomed Rea Beg 1 It 1 \ .s *" 1 \ ** ^ i 8 J s j-T S 5* z I! APPENDIX, N 18. * r 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i -i 1 1 ^| J | |<> | ?1 | I I I 2 I "M | S 1 1 i t-- O Tf t-so VO H w 2"*| I I I I I 1 M-l-s I I I" I I I I'M I 1$ 0,0 8.a?f s *s*s* a* &i s ^ RS ?*| 5 APPENDIX, N 18. 1 I I I ~ i M i II;: i 1 Is M oo IIP o * n *Jf o I a I 1 '? REP. V. APPENDIX, N 18. ExtraS cf Bengal Secret Consultations, tbe ijlb September 1773* PRESENT, William Alderfey, Efq; Prefidenf, Henry Goodwin, ? Efquires< John Graham, j Mr. Dacres indifpofed. a-Kca hw ITtc er. which he difpatched Exprefs in a fmall Boat from Fatna. To Williao Alderfey, Efqj &c. Council at Fort William. Gentlemen, From an entire Conviction of the Merits and faithful Services of the deceafed Maha Rajah Shitabroy, and in confideration of his late Sufferings, I am induced to recommend that the Office of Royroyan of the Province of Bahar, now vacant by his Death, be con- ferred on h>s Son Rajah Kullyan Sing. Although the young Rajah has already manifefted a proper Difpofition to Bufinefs, and was actually entrufted by his Father with a Share in the public Affairs, yet as his Expe- rience cannot be fuppofed as yet to have procuied him that complete Knowledge which T:me will beftow, I have in the mean while directed Sudderam and Rynllaram, both old Dependents on the Family, Men of Abilities and Intelligence in the Revenue, to art as his Naibs, and affifl him in the Management of the Bufincfs; and have given Instructions to the Council of" i'atna accordingly. I have dispatched this as fpeedily as pofiible, that if this Recommrndation metis your Approbation I may be favoured with your Anfwer at the City, in Time to enable me to obtain from the Nabob his Sunnud, appointing Rajah Kullyan Sing aifo to the Office of Naib of the Nizamut, in the fame Manner as his Father held it, as I conclude that juj will join me in Opinion that the Two Offices fljould continue united. Patna, I am, &c. 4d September 1773. (Signed) Warrren Killings. The Board approving the Governor's Nomination ; Reply to the Agreed, That Raja Kullyan Sing be accordingly appointed, and that ifce Governor. following Reply be immediately difpatched to the Governor's Letter : To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Governor, tee, Honourable Sir, We this Morning received, by an Exprefs Pulwar, your Letter of the aia Tnftantfrom Patna ; and we now refurn this Anfwer to it by a Special Dawk, to fignify our entire Ap- probation of the Appointment of Raja Kullyan Sing to fucceed his Father Mha Raja Shitabroy as Roy Royan of the Province of Bahar, as well as of the Subfidiary Arrange- ments you have made for a/Minghim in the Execution of that Office. Wr c|oubt not the Nabob will with equal Readinefs concur in your Recommendation, for nominating the young Rajah his Naib for that Province on the Part of tne Niia- mut. Fort W4!liam, We are, &c. the Z7th September 1773. Ordered, That Notice of this Appointment be fent to the Board of Revenue, that they way tranfaut the neceHary Directions to Patna, _4P?EN. APPENDIX, N 19: APPENDIX, N 19. letterfri.tr. Gsvernar HaRimi fj the Court cf Diretfort, 10th Sef>!en.bir 1773. To the Secret Committee of the Honourable the Court of Directors for the Affairs of ihe Honourable United Eafl India Company. Gentleman, Benjrcs, icth September 1773. T. TN, confequence of the Powers wh'ch I received from the Council of Fort William, JL I hav; conchicH a Treaty with the Vizier, dated the 7th Inftant, by which the Diflricts of Cora and lllahabad are ceded to him for the Sum of Fifty Lacks of Rupees, or" which Twenty are to be paid in ready Money Fifteen at the Expiration of One Year, and Fifteen at the Expiration of Two Yeats, from the Date above mentioned ; and the Pay- ment of the Charges of the Forces, which may hereafter be employed for .his Afiiftance, is fixed at the Rate of Two Lacks Ten thoufand Rupees per Month, for One Brigade. *. I have alfo obtained from the Vizier a Confirmation of the Zemindary of Gazypocr, &c. in the Name of Rajah Cheit Sing and his Pofterity, on the fame Tenure and Condi- tions on which they were held by the late Rajah Bul/am Sing, his Father. 3. Mr. Lambert, a Member of your Council, who accompanied me to Benare?, is gone with the Vizier to Fyzabad, to receive the Firft Payment of Twenty Lacks, which the Vizier has folemnly promifed to make immediately on his Arrival there. 4. I have ordered the Firft Brigade, which was cantoned in the Province of Oude, to return without Delay to Bengal. 5. I. arrived at this Place on the I9th Auguft. I fhall make a &ort Stay of a Week or Ten Dtys at Patna ; and if no Bufinefc, which I do not forefee, fliall occur to detain rn- t the City of Moorfliedabad, I expect to be in Calcutta again by the $th of October. It is a Pleafureto me to add, that by the Diligence and afliduous Attention of the other Members of your Administration, your Affairs will fuffef no Inconvenience from my (nort Abfence. <5. The Particulars of my Proccredings in the Execution of the cref:nt Commiflion, sr.i of the Motives and probable Confequences of the Engagements which have been formed, {hall be duly tranfmitted to you by the Mercury, immediately after my Return to the Pre- fidency. In the mean Time I think it expedient to give you, in brief, my Opinion of the Advantages which are iikely to accrue from the Treaty. Thefe are, a very fcrviee- able Supply of ready Money ; an Addition to the current Specie of your Provinces ; an Increafe of the Vizier'i Dependence on the Company's Protection, by the Acquifition of the ceded Diftricts j -a Relief from the Burthen of maintaining fo remote a Territory, which you could not have held in Property without a vaft F.xpence, and numberlefs Incon- vfcniencies, which you could not have protected for the Kine; without yet greater and in- fuperable Difficulties, which he was incapable of prefervin; by himfelf, and had actually abandoned by a formal CefTion of them to the Marattas ; and which the Vizier laid claim to as his own, and would have poffefied himfelf of had we not prevented him ; finally, a cor.fidtrable Saving of your military Expences, and a greater Security to your own Follef- fions. 7. The Maratta Armies which have ravaged the Countries contiguous to tV< Domi- nions of the Vizier for the'e Four Years paft, have actually repaflVd the Neibuddah ; anj it is not improbable tKat they will have fufficient Employment nearer Home to prevent their attempting the Renewal of fuch diftant Enterprises the enfuing Seafon. 8. Peifuaded of the Importance of thefe Informations, and of the feafcnable Relief which every pecuniary Acquifuion or Saving muft afford to the general Exigencies of your .Affairs, I havr thought it mv Duty to communicate them to you by the moft expeditiou* Means. I have therefore difpatched this Letter in Duplicate over Land to your Picfi- d'-ncy at Bombay, wirh a Requeft that they will forward it from thence by the ufual Route to Erg'ano. I hae the Honour to be, with Refpeifl, Gentlemen . Yaur faithful hurrbSe Servant, Warren $Jailin;s. T * APPENDIX, tf ig. Extraff of a Letter from tbe Governor and Council of Bengal, In their Secret Department, (j the Court ofDireflort of (be Eaft India Company, dated iztb Otfiber 1773. 2. About a Week ago our Prefident returned from the Interview with the Vizier at Be- nares, and brought withhim the Original of a new Treaty concluded between them at that City. This he laid before us immediately after his Arrival, with a Report in full of ali his Proceedings, from his Departure hence till his Return. The Matters which were ne- gociated in this Interview, and the Treaty which he concluded, appeared to us of fo great Importance in the Affairs of the Honourable Company, that we judged it expedient to difparch your Packet the Mercury without Delay, to carry you the moft early Advices of this Tranfaclion ; and for your complete Information, we tranfmit ycu herewith Copies of our Instructions to the Prefident, his Report on his Return, with all the Papers re- ferred to in it, together with the Confiscations, Minutes, Sec. at large, which have pafied upon it. Thefe are fo full, and appear to us to contain fo ciear a State ( the Transaction?, with the Motives and Reafonings, that to expatiate upon them here would be fuperfluous, and indeed could on!y prove a Tranfcript of the Proceedings themfelves. Neverthelefs, we think it necefTary, for the Convenience of an immediate Reference, to ftate in brief the Heads of what has been concluded upon. 3. The Provinces of Corah and Ilhhabad are ceded to the Vizier, on condition of his paying Fifty Lacks of Rupees to the Company, Twenty of which in ready Money, and the Remainder in equal Payments at the Expiration of One and Two Years. 4. The Equivalent which the Vizier is to pay for the Charge of our Troops, when fent to his Afiiftance at his Requifuion, is ftipulated and fixed at Two Lacks nd Tea thoufand Rupees per Month, inftead of the Payments of Thirty thoufand, fixed by General Smith in the Year 1767, and augmented in the Two lait Campaigns to Ons Lack Fifteen thoufand. 5. We have obtained from the Vizir a Renewal of the Sunnuds in favour of Rajah Cheit Sing and his Pofterity, on the fame Footing as it was granted to his Father Bulwan Sing, excepting only the Increafe of i\ Lacks to his Annual Tribute, which the Rajah had agreed to at his Acceflion in 1770. Fort William^ the $tb O&cbtr 1773. cury,z6 Mar. 1774. J At a Confultation j PRESENT, Secret Dept. 7 The Honourable Warren Haflings, Efq. being returned, nowrefumsa Monday. his Seat at the Board as Prefident. William Alderley, vv nnam iaeriey, * Philip Milner Da'cres, / pf . Henry Goodwin, > Ef ^ uir John Graham, and J George Vanfittart, Efq. who is alfo returned with the Gover- nor, and takes his Seat accordingly. fcead, and approved, the Proceedings of the ayt'a Ultimo. The Inftru&ions given to the Governor before his Departure from Benares, which the Board at that Time thought proper to feal up and depofit in the Ciiflody of Mr. Alderley, are now opened, and recorded as follows, wiih the Letters written in confequence. [Enttred in Appendix, N 13 J The Governor delivers in to the Board the following Report of his Negotiations with r>e Nabob Sujah ul Dowlah at Benares, and his other Proceedings during his Abfence from the Prefidency, with all the Papers referred to in the Report. The Governor's Re- T por , and fubfidiary > To William Alderfey, Efquire, &c. Council at Fort William. IVr*. 3 Gentlemen, Fort Wi'liam, 4th Oftober, 177?. ! have already advifed you, in my Letter of the 7th September from Benares, of che l.Tae of my NcgocJJtion', and the Sum of the Treaty concluded with the Vizier; I now lay before you N r. the Treaty itielf, a Counterpart of which remains in his Po!- !rion. Tjic other Papers which acccmpany thu I fluil refer to, numbuing them in '.he O.dcr in which they may occur. In APPENDIX, N 19. In the Courfr of my Journey to Benares. I repeatedly addrefied the King, adfifing h*rt to fend fome Perfon of Confidence to meet me there with full Powers to treat upcn h" Affairs. He did not comply with my Advice, hut conienteu himfelf with writing to the Vizier, and to Munncer o'Dowlah, to demand thr Balance of thr Tribute of Bengal, the rrcular Payment of it in future, and the Reftiiution of Corth and Allahabad to Munneer o'Dowlah on his Behalf ; but without errpowe-ing them ro deviate from thofe De- mands. Under fuch Cirrumrtances, yur Ini'.rucVions d.redcJlme to treit for the Cedion of thefe Countries with the Vizier. I propufed to him the Exchange of the Territory of Rajah Cheyt Sing for them ; but I found him infl-xib'y averfe to it. He replied, that if I infifted upon it he had not the Power to dilfute it, and muft of Necefiity fubmit, but that he would never willingly confent to uart with a Span of his Territory; that his principal Inducement to wifli for the Diffrifts of Orah and 111 ihabad was, that he might have the Credit of repofTriTrng all the Tenitory which he bffoie enjoyed, and had in- herited from his Father; thatTan Exchange would defeat his Puipofe that he could have no Reafon to give up a valuable Part cf his Country with a certain Revenue, for a Diftrir. which, even in Time of Peace, would not yield him near fo large nett Revenue as was paid him by Raph Cheyt Sinst ; and in War, or even the .-^larm of War, no- thing, befides being continually txpofrd to the Invafions of the Marattas. Thefe Argu- ments weie certainly julr ; and as my View was to confirm and ftrengthen the Alliance between him and the Company, and this Pro^ofi! if ir fitted upon would have been pro- ductive of a contrary Effect, I thought it advifeable to drop it j indeed I mentioned it but flightly, knowing his Repugnance to it ; and I flatter myfelf, that the Sum of 50 Lacks of Rupees, and the Stipulation of 2,10,000 Rupees per Month, for the Payment of an incomplete Brigade whenever required for his Service, will appear to you, Gentlemen, and to our Honourable Matters, a very advantageous Corrpenfaiion for a Territory, which perhaps ought in Policy to have been given to him, even though no Return had been made for it. To have kept it ourfelves would have been inconfiftent with the repeated and peremp- tory Commands of the Company. The 7>h, 8th, and loth Paragraphs of their General Letter, dated the nth May 1769, are lo directly in Point, and mark fo forcibly their Sentiments concerning the Impropriety of holding Territories bryond the Boundary of their own Provinces, and feparated from them, that this Adminiftration would have been culpable in the higheft D'gree in retaining Pofleffion of Corah and Jllahabad, for any other Purpole than that of making an Advantage by the Difpofal of them ; it would have im- pofed upon us the Neceffity of fending our Troops continually out of the Provinces of Bengal, net een burthenrd with the Caie of their Defence, or we fliouK! hav^ given rr.em only nominlly to ti.t Ring, hut ia PcJity to the Mautus ; the evU Ccci>^ura:e7 o* wiuch it isaeediei* APPENDIX, IN* 19. By ceding them to the Vizier, we flrengthen our Alliance with him ; we make h;rr. more dependant upon us, as he is more expofed 10 the Holrilities of the M^rattas j we ren- der a Junction between him and them, which has been /ometimes morally impoflible, fince their Pretenfiofis to Corah will be a conftant Soutce of Animofity between thrm ; we tree ourfelves fiom the Expence, and all the Dangers attending either a remote Pioperty, qr a remote Connection; we adhere literally to the limited Syftem laid down by the Honourable Ccurt of Directors ; we are no longer under the Necefiity of exhaufting the Wealth of our own Provinces in the Pay and Diiburfements of our Brigades employed at a Diftance beyond them, but, by fixing the Sum to be paid by the Vizier tor their Ser- *ices at their whole Zxpence, and by removing every poffibie Caufe for their pafiing our own Borders but at his Requisition ami for his Defence, we provide effectually for the Protection of our Frontier, and reduce the Expences of our Army even in employing it ; and, lafily, \ve acquire a Nett Sum of 50 Lacks of Rupees, moft feafonabiy obtained fur the Relief of the Currency of thr Provinces. General Sir Robert Barker favoured me, at myRsquefr, with the Calculation on which the Sum was fixed at 2,10,000 Rupees for the Pav, C*tta, and extra Charges of a Brigade employed without the Provinces ; and I herewith enclofe it. NO z. NO 3 is a Perfian Copy of a Cowtnama, or Engagement, which I obtained from the Vizier, confirming to Raja Cheyt Sing and his Poftv-rity the S;ipulations formerly made in behalf of his Father Btlwunt S.ng N 4 is an Enj-lifh Tranfiation of it. NO 5, a Copy of the Vizier's Pottah or Rent Roll, fixed with Raja Cheyt Sing, for the Year 1178, and alluded to in the Cowtnama. N 6, an Engii/h Translation of the Pottah. NO 7, the Tranfla-ion of a Letter which I wrote to Rajah Cheyt Sing) as a tuither Af- larance of the Conditions promifed in the Cowtnama. The Cowtr.ana was executed in my Pretence, and attcfted by me. The Vizier defired, that the Stipulations made in favour of the R^iah niight be executed in this Mode, rather than by an Article in the Treaty ; and it was couilly fatisfactory to tiie Rajah. I muft remark, that he had already given the Rajah << Cowtnama of this Tenor, foon after the Deuh of Bulwunt bing, through the Solicitation of Captain Harper, by Ciders of the Select Committee He could therefore have no reafonable Plea to refute the Confirmation of it. Nevmhelefs, he fecTied to think his former Act of fo little Validity, that he pr^ffed me in very earned Terms for rny Confent, that he ihould dif- polfefs the Rajah of the Forts of Lutufgur and Bidgygur, and take from him 10 Lacks df Rupees, over and above the ftipulattd Rents; and he fee.ned greatly diflutisfied at my Rffufal. He argued, that the Treaty of Illahabad related to Eulwunt Sing folely, and w'as never meant to extend to his Poiierity 5 and I confefs the Letter of the Treaty ex- p-effes no more; yet I cannot conceive, that either the Rajah or Lord Clive, when the Treaty was made", Cjuid have intended i: in that Sepfe. Jt has certainly been differently 'inderfiood, both by the Company and by th'S Adminiftration ; and that Vizier himfelf had before put it out of all Difpute, by the folemn Act pafTed in the Rajah's Favour, on his Succefiicn to the Zem'mdary. I am well convinced, that the Rash's Inheritance, and perhaps his Life, are no longer fafe than while he enjoys the Company's Protection, which is ins due by the Ties of Juflice, and the Obligations of public Faith, and which Policy enjoins us to afford him ever rnoft effectually. His Country is a ftrong Barrier to ours, without fubjecting us to any Expence j and we may depend upon him as a fure Ally, whenever we may ftand in need of his Service. The Day before my Departure from Benares a Khowafs, or Attendant on the King's Perfon, a Man of no Confequence, arrived with a Letter to me from his Mafter ; of which, and my Anfwer, I enclofe Tranflations, NO 8 and NO g. You will obfcrve, that the Acquisition of Corah and Illahabad, the Payment of the Tribute, and the Afliftance of our Troop!, weie the Objects of his Commifiion. As I fee no Ufe in falle Profefiion or Concealment, and have ever found plain Dealing the beft Policy, I hope you will approve of my Reply Whatever Polcy fucgefred the firft idea of the Tribute, and whatever Title he may be conceived to have had to the Payment of it, while he remained under our Protection and united his Fortune with ours, his late Conduct has forfeited every Claim to it, and made it even dangerous to allow it, even if the Rffources of Bengal and the Exigencies of the Company could any longer admit of it. Our Conduct towards him has certainly affordrd Matter of Artn-iration to the whole People of Indottan, whether they conftrue it as the Effect of a mill iksn Principle of Duty, the juft Return of Benefits received, or attribute it to fome hidden Caufe : We have pctfevered, with a Fidelity unknown to them, in an uflSiakin A'l?giji>cc to * Pageant of our own Cication, and lavilhed on him z the APPENDIX, N rg. the Wealth of this Country, which is its Blood, although not one of his own natural Subjects has ever afforded him the leaft Pledge of voluntary Obedience; although our Conftituents have been eompelled towithh>ld the legal CUims of our own Sovereign ; although we have loaded them with an accumulated Debt of a Crore and a Half of Ru- pe, almolt the exact Amount of the Sums remitted, for the Ufe of a IVfan who in return has ungratefully deferred, and fince headed Armies againft fas. It is unjuft to ag'Cf in Su' port of his Pretenfions on the Company, ih.it the Tribute is no more than a rcafonable Acknowledgment for the Favour which they received from him in the Grant of the Dewanny : They pavs him all ; they received nothing from him but a prefump- fjous Gift of what was njt his to give, but what they had already acquired by their own Power, the fame Power to which he was indebted for his Crown, and even for his Exigence. The Vizier was at firft very defirous of the Afiiftarce of an Englifh Force to put him in. poflViTion of the Rohilla Country lying North ot his Dominions and Eafl of the Ganges. This has long been a favourite Object of his Wifhes ; am 1 you will recollect, that the firft Occafion of my laft Vifit was furnimed by a Propofal of this Kind. He had certainly juft Grounds of Refentment againft the Chiefs of this Nation, who had not orjy failed in their Engagements to pay him 40 Lacks of Rupees for lilt Protection againft the Marattas, but had actually fupplied them with Money when they appeared.in Arms againft him. He offered to make the Company a Confideration for iliis Service of 40 Lsctfs of Rupees, befides the (Updated Sum for the Expences of our Troops ; but he atterwards aid aiide this Defign, fearing that it would difable him from fulfilling his Engagements for Corah and Illahabad. I enclofe for your Obfervation N. 10, the original Agreement of the Rohilla Chiefs, witnefled oy Geusral Barker; N u, a Tranflation ot the fame; NO ia, a Tranflation of a Letter which I received from Hafiz Rhamut Cawn, in whofe Name the Agreement was ratified; and N" 13, a Tranflation of a Narrative delivered to me by the Viz ; er in Reply to it : The Meafures to be purfued for his Security on that Quarter Tnuft therefore be determined by future Occurrences. I was pJeafed that he urged the Scheme of this Expedition no further, as it would have led our Troops to a Diftance from our own Borders, which I would w;fh ever to avoid, although there are powerful Argti- mea's to recommend it. The Vizier having no Occafion for the Services of the ift Brigade, I have directed it to return within the Provinces, and I have ordered Lieutenant Colonel Muir. with a Batta- lion of Sepoys from the zd Brigade, to relieve Lieutenant Colonel Wilding in the Fort of Chunar. In confequence of the Ceflion of Illahabad and Corah Mr. Lawrell will return to the Prefidency. On my my Arrival at Benares he mads a Report to me of his Proceeding^ and delivered me Accounts and Eftimates of the Collclions and Revenues of thofe Dif- tridti j Copies of which he has alfo trAn!m>ttcd to you. Th'efe appear to have been col- lected with great Indoftry, and were very ufefui to mr in my Negociat 'ons. The Vizier infiftcd very ftrongly on his Right to the Bilance of the King's Tuncawi on the Tteafury of Morr/hedabad, He faid. that he advanced the Money for which they were granted to him on the Faith of Lord dive's Agreements at Illahabad, before there \vas the fmalieft Intimation that the Tribute would be discontinued, and that Mr Carrier had both promifed him Payment, and accep:ed his Alignments on them. As thefe Arguments appear to be well -grounded, and the Amount of the Turi ev;r receive^ of his having fuch a Claim ; but promifed to fettle it equitably after my Return to Calcutta. The Vehemence with which he infifted on the immediate Conclu- fion of this Bufmefs, notwithdanding the Length of Time in which it had remained unnoticed, proved an Interruption 10 the other mt;e important Attain which were depending. APPENDIX, N 19. "depending. The inclofed Tranflation of our Correfpondence on the Subject, N? 15, will explain the Circumftances of this Demand. You will obferve, that the Vizier denies his having agreed to pay 15,000 Rupees per Month for his Half of the extra Expencet of the Brigade at Jllahabad 5 but this Circumftance feems to be very well attefted ; and he at length acquiefced to refer it to our Records, and if thefe ftould efta'ulifli the Claim, to allow it to ftanj againft his Advances for the Ipth Battalion. I had much Converfation with the Vizier concerning a free Intercourfe of Commerce with his Dominions, and recommended to him an Eftablifhment of Cuftoms fimilar to that which we have lately adopted in Bengal, of which I gave him a Plan and Explana- tion in Writing ; but I found it impoflible to convince him of the Utility of either. He feemed confirmed in the Ferfuafion, that the current Specie of his Country would be drained by a Free Trade with ours : That if the EngliA Gomaftahs were authorized to Teftde there, they would exercife an Authority prejudicial to his Revenue, notwithftand- ing any Regulations or Reilrictions of our Government, and involve him in Difputes which perhaps might end in the Ruin of his Connections with the Compsny. I promifed that no Englifh Gentleman fhould relide in his Country, and that I would never inter- fere in any Difputes between Englifh Gomaftahs and his People, which I left to be de- cided by his Officers, who might exercife the fame Authority over them as over his own Subjects. As I found it impoflible to overcome his Objections, and I learnt that Myr- zapoor was the Mart, from which not only his Dominions, but all the interior Parts of Jndoftan were fupplied with Goods from Bengal, I judged it improper to prefs him any further to agree to Innovations fo much againft his Will, when I could effect the fame Purpofes by an Agreement with Rajah Cheyt Sing, to whom the Town of Myrzapcor be- longs, as well as all the intermediate Country from the Borders of Bahar. I informed him of my Intention; to which he faid he had no Objection 5 I accordingly fettled with Rajah Cheyt Sing, that the Articles of Broad Cloth, Copper, and Lead, bought at the Company's Sales, ihould pafs Duty-free through his Territories at Myrzapoor, and that on all other Goods lie ihould collcifl an equal Rate of Duties from ell Merchants, European orNatie, or others, indifcrimina'ely. N e 16 is the Rajah's Agreement, with the Rates of Duties j and N 17 a Tranflation of it. Thefe Rates are in general a Medium between what was before charged to the Englifh Merchants, and that paid by the Natives. Th,e former was only Half of the latter. The Eftablifhment of the Duties on an equal Footing, will be a Benefit to the fair Trader, and of Courfe a general Encouragement to the Exportation of Goods from'Bengal. The Exemption allowed on the Articles above- mentionrd, will be particularly ferviceable in promoting the Company's Sales of the Productions ot England, which is the Purpofe to which, in their Letter to the Select Committee, dated the of 1766, they exprefsly direct, That the 8cn Article of the Treaty of Illahabad fljould be confined. Rajah Cheyt Sing having cefired, that the general Refidence of Europeans in this Country might be prohibited, and that any par- ticular Perfons to whom an Indulgence might be granted, (hould be reftricterl to Benares j and having at the fame Time informed me, that Mefiro. Fowke, Moite, and Scott, had conducted themfelves fo entirely to his S-tisfaction, that he had no Objection to their remaining ; I gave notice to all others to quit his Territories by the End of December, and told him, that after that Time they would be no longer under the Company's Pro- tection ; and if they proved refractory, he might feUe and fend them away by Force. I did not hefitate to comply with his Requeft in this Particular, becaufe it is literally conformable to the Company's Orders. During my Stay at Benares a Vackeel from Nudiiff Cawn came to me with a Letter from him, requefting the Continuance of his annual Penfion of Two Lacks of Rupees, which Lord Clive fettled upon him at Illahabad. Inclofed N iS, is a Tranflation of bis Letter. His Reprefentation concerning his Attendance on the Kine to Delhi, and his Conduft fince, has been entirely confirmed to me by the General. I fee no Pleafure therefore for withholding the Allowance engsged to hnu by Treaty, and I think it may be of material Confequmce to keep him attached to our Jntereft. But as I would not give him an Anfwer at Benares, I defired his Vackeel to accompany me to Calcutta; and 1 now refer his Claim to your Determination. J applied to the Vizier for the Difmiflicn of Mr. Centil, ufmg fuch Arguments as I. thought tnoft likely to induce him to make it his voluntary Act, but not infjfting on it. He promifed that he would difmifshim; but I confefs I much doubt whether he wil'. As the peremptory Injunctions of the Company in the zd and cjd Paragraph." of ti*eir Letter to the Commiffionen, dated the z$& March 1776, required my J-mieavoors to obu.n APPENDIX, N d 19. cbtain this Point, fol have literally obfervsd their Orders in the Mode in which I fjlic'red his Compliance with it. At the fame Time I muft declare my Opinion, that the Mart h*s acquired bJs Importance only from the Notice with which he has been thus repeat* tdly h,.r,ou:ed, having neither Abilities nor Influence which are likely to atfeft y provided, and the medium Price (all Ct.arges included} for Seven Years paft. It appears that the Price has not of late been increafed, acd I imagine it'will hardly admit of a Reduction. I inciofc the Accounts, N* 19, for your Oblervati'-n. In the courfe of our Converfatior*, the Vizier frequently expreffed the SjtisfaHoa which he had received from our Meeting, and Irom the friendly and confidential Inter- courfe which had taken place between us. Though ftich Piofcflions are not always to be received* in their literal Senfe, I took Occjfion from them, to a/It him, whether it would be agreeable to him, that a Perfon in whom I confide Ihould be appointed by me to refide near his Perfon, for the Sake of pe-petuating and ft.-engthening tne good Under-, (landing fo happily begun, as well as for the Tranfaclion of fuch ordinary Affairs as might not fuit the Formality of a Correfpondence by Letter, but which, in their Amount, were al- ways found to be productive of important Effecls ? That I derired it myfelf, but unlefo it was equally his Wiih, I would neither propofe nor confent to it, as it would not, in fuch a Cafe, be productive of the good Effects which I meant to derive from it. He declared to> me that it would be entirely pUafmg to him ; I told him that I would again addref* him, after ny Return to Calcutta, on the fame Subject, when I ihould have made Choice of a Perfon duly qualified for fo important a Ti'.iir. It now refts with you, Gentlemen, to determine on the Propriety of this Appointment. I will offer it frankly as my Opinion, that if you fhall think it proper to intruft me with the fole Nomination of fuch a Refi- dent, and the Power of recalling him whenever I /hall judge his Prefence to be no longer necefTary, it may be attended with good EfTedis. In any other Mode, I fear the Appoint- ment would exclude me from being any L-nger the Channel of Connection between thit Government and rhc Vizier, and prevent me from availing myfelf of that Influence with him, which I have taken much Pains to e!Ubli/h, and I hope not altogether un- fuccefsfully. I have addreffen the Rcard of Revenue, in a fcparate Letter, concerning fuch Matter! as fell under my Oblervation in that Department. Permit me, Geniisnen, to conclude my Letter, with my Acknowledgments for your Indulgence, in permitting Mr. Vanfittart fo accoir.pany me on this S-ivice. It is a J jftice which I owe, both to him and to MefTrs. Lawrell and Lambert, the other Ge:itl- men of the Board, who wete \vi h me at Benares, to declare, that the cordial Afii/tance which I received from tnetn, was of the mod effectual Scivice to me in my Proceedings, I have the Honour to b?, with an unfeigned Efleem, Gentlemen^ Your moft obedient humble Servant, (Signed) Warren Haft.'ngt, APPENDIX, N 19. Treaty luitb Sujab u! D^iv!ab, Nc. T. The Vizier of the Empire, Afiph Jah Shujah ul Mulk, the Nabob Suph ul DowLh, Abooul Munfoor Cawn Bahador, Sifdar Ji'ng Sippah Salah, on the one Part, and Wairen Haftings, Efq; Prelident of the Council, Governor of Fort William, and Commander in Chief of the Forces of the Englifli Company, in the Provinces cf B-ngal, Bahar, and OrifTa, for and in the Name of the Engiiih Company, on the ether Pitt, do agree on the following Articles : ift. Whereas in the Treaty concluded at Allahabad, the i6th Anguft 1765, between the Vizier and the Company, it is exprefied, that the Difirids of Cor.h and Allahabad \vere given to his Majefly for his Expences: and wheieas his Majefty has abandoned the Poflerlion of the aforefaid Diftridls, and even given a Sunnud for Corah and Currah to the Marattas, to the great Prejudice of the Interefts both of the Vizier and of the Eng- lifti Company, and contrary to the Meaning of the (aid Treaty, and hath thereby for- feited his Right to the faid Diftric"ls, which has reverred to the Company from whom he received it : It is therefore agreed, That the aforefaid Diftricls ftiall be put into the pof- fefiionofthe Vizier, on the following Conditions j and that in the lame Manner as the Province of Owd, and the other Dominions of the Vizier, are pofieffed by him, fo /hall he pofiefs Corah and Currah, and Allahabad, for ever : He fliall by no Means, and under no Pretence, be liable to any ObUrudlions in the aforefaid Countries from the Company and Engli/h Chiefs j and, exclufive of the Money now ftipulated, no Mention or Requifition ihall by any Means be made to him for any Thing elfe on this Account. This Agreement mall be obferved by all the Englifh Chiefs, Gentlemen of the Council, and by the Company, nor Ihall it ever be broke or deviated from. . Conditions, viz. He fliall pay to the Company Fifty Lacks (to 000,000) of Sicca Rupees, according to the Currency of the Province of Owd, as follows; viz. In ready Money - 20,000,000 In z Years after the Date hereof 5 viz. The ift Y:ar - - 15,000,000 The ad Year ,,.."^., 15,00,000 3000,000 Sicca Rs - 50,00,000 ad. To prevent any Difpute arifing concerning the Payments which &a!l be ma.^e by the Vizier for the Expences of the Company's Troops that may inarch to his Aflifiance ; it is agreed, that the Expence of a Brigade {htll be computed at Two Lacks Ten Thou- fand (z,io,ooo) Sicca Rupees per Month, according to the Currency of the Province of Owd. My a Brigade is meant as follows, viz. 945 Dsdudr, fuppofed not to be expended in a Twelvemonth, 'd. 24/315 Coft of Stores for a Twelvemonth, including 50 per Cent. 48,630^ is 4,05* For the Charge of Tranfportation - - i,74-3T4- DeJudl, fuppofed not to be expended in a Twelvemonth, f- 87,157 87,157^ is 7,a6j Contingencies of Paymafters, Quarter Mailers, Sec. agreeably to the Lift de- livered by the General - 8,757 Sundry Contingencies, which cannot be particularly fpecified, eftimated 4',94 Total - 2,10,000 Translation cf tie New Cawlrtama, ir Agreement given ly the Kabob Sbujab ul Dcwlab t R^jab Cbeyt Sing, NO 4. The Affairs of the Zemindary and Tahua of the Sircar of Benarr s and Sircar Chunarab, and of the Mehalls of Juanpoor, Bejeypoor, Bjdohy, Suknefegurrah, Mulboos Khans, Sircar Gazeypoor, Lukinderpoor, Khereed Shadeyabad, and Jopfoch Serinch, &c, which were under the Charge of Rajah Bulwund Sing, deceafed, I do hereby grant and confirm unto you upon their former Footing. It is neceffary, that after deducting the Nankar, and Half of the faghier of Buddohy, you Monthly and Annually pay into the Treafury of the Sircar the eftabliflied and dated Payments. By the Favour of God, whatever is promotive of your Honour (ball be performed, and exclusive of the Jumma fpecified in the Cabooleat of the prefent Fuflelly Year 1178, no Increafe flull ever hereafter he demanded ; and if Sin remain firm and fteady in your Obedience, and in the Payment of your Rents, no arm ihall by any Means happen to yotir Ryots or Country. By the Word of God and the Holy Coran, and of the bieii'-d Imaurns, this Agreement is made between me and my Heirs, and you and your Heirs, and it ihall never be deviated from. Dated this iSth Day of the Moon Jemmady ul Sami, in the Year 1177 Heginee, anfweriag to the 6th September 1773 Enjliih Style. A true Tranflation. (Signed) W" Redfearn, P Tranflatcr. U * APPENDIX, N* 19. i tf tbe Pttta given by tbe Nabob Sbujab ul De-wlab to Rajab Cbeyt Sing, N 6, The Sircar of Benares and Chunarah, and the Mchals of the Sircar of Juanpoar, &c. including Land Rents, and Syer Duties, and Havely Mahomed-abad Besaras, Mulboos JChans, Pergunnah Boeder, &c. Talook of Sikinra Mow, in the Dependencies of the Pergunnah Khaundah, Pe'gunnah Bud"dohy LukneTegur, Rejcypoor Sircar Cazeypoor, Pergunnah Sekinderpour, Khiried Shadeyibad, and Toppet Serinch, &c. Land Rents and Soyer Dories included, after dedu&irfg the Duftoor Dewanr.y, Nankar Half of the Jsghier of Biiddohy, and the other exempted Jaghiers, and whatever has formerly been allowed s Deductions j I do now fully grant and maite over to you in the Terms of your Cabooleat, from tne firit or Khareef 1778, in confideration of the Sum of Bsnares Cumfuna Rupees ^3,48,449 Aflil Ez*ta, as fpecified underneath, clear of all Expences of Sehbundy Jt is neceff.*ry that you pay the above Som to the Sircars, according to the ftated and eftablifhed Kifts, Year by Year. And, by the Favour of God, there fhall r.ever be any Deviation from this Agreement. Particulars, viz,. Paid by Rajah Bulwond Sing as follows t Benaras .... Buddoohy '" *^ Suknergur -- : Bejeypoor ^ .*: - :; V: ' Gazeypoor ' "' Shadeyabad - Deduft Nankar Half of the Jaghier of Buddoohy and Altumgha, &c. Krtt Rrvenue paid by Rajah Bulvrund Sing Increale fettled with Rajah Chyte Sing Jfett Revenue to be paid by Raja Chyte Sing - Rs 42,48,449 Dated the zjtb of Rejub, in the Year of the Higeree 1184. A true Tranflation. (Signed) W Redfearn, Pers" Tranflitor. From tbe Governor to Rajab Cltyte Sing, N 7. At this Time the Vizier of the Empire having given you an Agreement, under hit Hand and Seal, which I have counterfigned and aifo affixed my Seal to ; it is neceffary that, conformable thereto, and according to the Treaty concluded at Allahabad by LorJ Clive and the Vizier, refpefting Rajah Bulwand Sing, your deceafed Father; you, with the greated Cheerfulnefs pay to the Vizier the Rents thereby eftabliflied j in which Cafe, the Company will always attend to your Welfare, and afford you their Care and Pro- teclion } and in the Agreement aforementioned there ihall never be any Breach or De- viation. A true Tranflation. (Signed) Wm Redfearn, Peri Translator. From tie King to tbe Governor, N 8. We are Informed, by our loyal Servant Munneer ul Dowlah, that you, the Strength fF our Empire, have fent your own Aumils into the Diftrifls of Allahabad and Corah. My chofcn Servant ! It is now Two Years fince we have received any Money from Ben- gal, Allahaba'), or Corah ; and our Diftrefs for Money is in the greateft Degree. The Engiifh Chiefs are bound, by a Treaty of Allegiance to our facred Peifon, to pay our Tri- bute from Bengal, and what Place foever we may refide, to let Corah and Allahabad re- main in the Hands of out Deviation. Confidering the Lcyalty and Rectitude of you, our loyal Servant, we h full Confidence that you will rrmit to our Prefence the Balance of our Tribute frcm Ben- gal, and continue the Monthly Payments in future; and that you will deliver up Corah and Allahabad into tne Hands of Munneer ol Dowlah, and at the fame Time enforce Payment of cur Revenue from thence regularly, Month bv Month. Do you, our loyal Servant, in concert witii our Brother, as dear as Life, the Vizier of the Empire, come to our Royal Prefence. Should it happen, that you cannot yourfi If come, let General Bar- ker be fent ; and after their Arrival, we (hall aflrnt to whatever they may propofe. We bad Intentions offending to you our Noble Kinlman, Mjad ul Dowlah, to communica'e to you our Commands, and to reconcile you to our Royal Peribn, of which we inform;! you in a former Shukha. Afterwaid? this Counfel occured to our enlightened Mind ; that if we were informed that you had Intentions of fettling the Affairs of our Empire, we would then fend our noble Kinfman to you 5 that after learning from him our Royal Com- mands, you might difpatch the General, with the Vizier, to our Prefence ; and we could then be aflurei, that where we had two fuch Supports with us, as the Vizier and the Ce- ntra], your Emulation would not Cutter you to permit the Ufurpers and Difturl>rs of the Peace of cur Empire, fuch a< the Jauts and the Rohillas, to hold Pofleffion fo nrar our Capital: As for the reft, know that our Royal Favour attends you. Remit our Tribute from Bengal, and give up Corih and Allahabad, which will give the utmoft Satisfaction to our /acred Pet ion. Poftfcript, in the King's own Hind. Do yon, our loyal Servants, come with Cheerfulnefs to our Prefence. After fettling Affairs heie, we /hall give our Royal Afient to whatever you may repttlcot. A true Tranflation. (Signsd) Wou thus bcftcwed upon them, your Majefty beft knows. In Addition to your other Bounties, you weie pleaied to giant them Sunnuds far the Pifirifl* of Corah and Ciurah, \vhich 'in erTeih 3 would APPENDIX, N i 9 . would have alfo given them the Command of Allahabad. By whatever Meats the Sun. nuds were obtained, it is evident that your Majerty either wanted Power to retain thoie Diftriclf, or that you abandoned them or" your own tree Will to Strangers, whofe Defitns and Intcreft were ever contrary to the Defijjns and Jnteiefts of the Company. As thcfe Diftricls were originally afiigned by the Company, for the Purpofe of paying yoor Ex- pence?, when they ceafed to be your Property, by the univerfal Principles of Juftice they reverted to the Company, from whom yon firft received them; aid I accordingly caufed Pofleflion to be taken of them in the Name of the Company, both for the Security of their Right*, and to prevent an Enemy from ufurping over them. And I have given them to the Vizier for thel'e Rcafons : Firft, Becaufe as his Interefls and the Company were the fame, and this Country lay contiguous to his, the Dif nee of it would be more eafy, and our mtitual Alliance become ftronger, by this Addition to his Dominions : Secondly, Be- caufe the Vizier, being your firft Servant, and the only Reprefentative of your Perfon, it would enable him hereafter more effectually to ferve vour Majefty, and to retrieve your Affairs. It was certainly my Intention to have put theie Uittricts again into ycur Hands: and it was with this View that I fo rrpea'ecly entreated your Majefty to fend a Perfon of your Confidence, to fettle with me the Me?ns of effecting this, and the oilier Arrangement* dependant on the Company. Bat as r.o One came, and being informed that nobody would come, and 1 know that without forne well-concerted Flan of Defence to refto-e them to your Hands would be in effect to give them up to the Marattas, and prove a certain Means of arming their H^mis agdinft us, I was therefore compelled to change my firft De/ign, and act as the NecelTity of the Seafon adviled. Upon the A (Fairs of Bengal: I have before in my Letters, reprefented the diflreiTed Condition of the People, and the Poverty of the Country, which are folely owing to ths heavy Drifts which have been made of its current Specie for your Majefty *s Remittances. .As it is the Will of God, and agreeable to the Commands of the Englifh Company, my Maflers, that I am intruded with the Care and Protection of the People of thefe Pro- vinc-s ; and as their Condition, which is at this Time on the Edge of Mifery, would be joined part Remedy, by draining the Country of the little Wealth which remains in it ; I muft plainly declare, that until the Safety and Welfare of thefe Provinces will admit of it, J cannot confent that a fingle Ruoee be ft nt out of them, which it is in my Power to detain. Thii Declaration I make from the Integrity of my Heart, and a real Attach- nr.ent to your Majefty, which will not fufter me to deceive you by doubtful Promifes, while I am certain that they can have but one Effect. For the reft, I pray to the Al- mighty for a more favourable Seafon, to enable me to fnew my Zeal for your Majefty's Service, and fhalJ continually communicate with the Vizier on the Means of exerting our .Endeavours in conjunction for this Purpofe, which, God willing, may be fpeedily and hap. pily zccon pliflv.-d. A true Translation. (Signed) W<" Redfearn, Peifian Translator, NC 1 1. Traxjlat'ioti of tbe Agreement given by IJaftx Rabmat Cavtn to tbi Vixier, As the Vizier of the Empire, the Nabob Sbujah ul Dowlah, will put the Rohilla Sir. dars in full PoiTeffion of their Country ; it is at his own Option to effect it, either by Peace or War, (hould the Mrattas at this Time, without coming to an Engagement, or Peace being eftablifhed, crofs the River and retreat, owing to the rairy Seafon, and after that is elapferf, commit Disturbances in the Country of the Rohillas. The quell. ing of thefe Dirtuibances fiull belong to the Vizier. The Rohilia Sirdars, afier the aforffaid Bufinefs, do agree to pay the Vizier the Sum of Forty Lacks of Rupees on the following Terms; viz. as the Marattas are now committing Diford-rs in the Country of the Rohillas, the Vizier fiiall march from Shahabad to fuch Place as may be thought proper to arrive ar, in order that the Rohilla Dependents may come oat of the Jungles, nd arrive at their own Homes. The Sum of Ten Lacks of Rupees mail be paid in reacy Money in Pait of the Stipulation, and Thirty Lacks of Rupees fhi'.l be discharged in Three Years, beginning from the Fuffully Year 1180. This Agreement is feiled in th$ Prefence of General Sir Robert Barker. NO la. Trarjlatton of a Letter from Hafez Ralmut Ca-wn to tbe Gwtrnor, After the oftial Compliments, and expreffing.his Defire of an Interview, he proceeds : " The Bonds of Friendship and Affection, and the mutual Intercourfc which have long fbbfited APPENDIX, No 19. fubfiileJ and taken Root between me and the Englifh Sirdars, may be not unknown to you. Having heard of your Fame, I with that a perl" ct Harmony and Concord fliould b eftabliflieci and confirmed between as, and I hope that you will have the fame Inclination on your Parr. It is from thefe Motives, as well as in confideration of there being no Difference, or Difagreement between us, that I reprefent to you the following few Cir- cumftances, that you may have them in your Memory at the Time of Difcuffion. Laft Year, when his Majefty and the Maritta Sirdars were at variance with the Na- bob Zabitta Cawn. and when, after Confulion was thrown into that Nabob's Affairs, his Majsfly and the Marattas croffed the Ganges to com-? inio thefe Pans, the Rohiila Sir- dars, for the Protection of their Women, fled to the Skirts of the Jungies. At this Time the Virier of the Empire and General Barker arrived at Shahabad, and feat Captain Harper to me, with a MelTage to come and join them, whkh they peyfifted in with great Perfeverance. As our Interefts were equal, I therefore went, and had an Interview with the Gentlemen ; when an Agreement was concluded between us, in which I agreed to pay 40 Lacks of Rupees on account of PeilicuJh to the King and the Maratta Sirdars ; and the Gentlemen on their Parts engaged to effect my Security, by eftablifhing Peace be- tween me and the King, and the Maratta Sirdars, declaring, that they would in a Day or two after that March trom Shahabad, rail upon, and come to Extremities with, the MU- rattas, and to put an End to their Operations. Notwithstanding this the Grntlemeft never came to any Negociation with the Marattai, fo as to put an End to their Opera- tions, nor ventured to attack them, but finally returned towards Fyzabad, leaving their Engagements unfulfilled. When the rainy Seafon commenced, the Marattas of them- felves crofled the Ganges, and encamped in the Duabe, threatening me Cill with Hofli- lities. During the Rains I repeatedly called on'the Nabob, the General,, and Captain Harper, to conclude thefe Affairs with his_M.>j;fty and the Marattas ; but they came to no Determination on the Subject, nor took any Meafures for effecting my Security. When the rainy Seafon was drawing to an End, and the Marattas had approached near the Banks of the Ganges, they then demanded of me Sums of Money, which, after much "temporizing, I was at laft obliged to pay them : Afterwards they went to the Prefence, and procured a Sunnud for Corah and Allahabad, with which they returned to the Banks of the Ganges, and made Preparations of Bridges for eroding it, and at the fame Time fent a Perfon of their Confidence to demand Payment of the Money which had b.-en ftipu- lated, faying, It belonged to them and the King; and alfo with many Inducements re- qaefted that I would let them pafs through my Territories, afiuring me that they would commit no Depradation or Ravages oa the Ryots, and they would pafs through with Ex- pedition towards the Soubah of Oude, or whitherfoever they thought proper ; thry alfo engaged to remit to me a large Sum on account of the Stipulation, and to do whatever wa; agreesbJe j and would give Satisfaction to the Rohiila Sirdars. At this Juncture the ICa'job and the General being arrived near, they fe::t torn" Syed Shaw Muddun and Ma- homed Murkrim Cav.'n, defiring that I would en:er into no Terms with the Marattas, and they would give me back my Engagement for 40 Lacks of Rupees, and do every Thing both for $ny prefrn: and future Security. Hiving ihe'efore in view the long Friendfhip which had fubfifted between t!e Nabcb Vizier, the Engliin Gentlemen, and myfelf, I declined all Offers made me l>v rhe M.ratta?, and ci.ue over to them; in Re- venge for which, it is well known true the Marattas re-crofled the Ganges, and plundered MoraJabad and Sumbril. The Gentlemen pr^mifea that they would crofs and canton oa the other Side of the Ganges during the J*. sins, and would not return to Fyzabad or Cal- cutta until they had enuiely driven away thz Mantus, and fully fatisfisd themfelver, both with refprct to their own and aiy Sec jnty : But at length they left every Thing u.n- finifhed, and after temporizing for a long Time with the Marattas, returned ?o their cwn Homes, leaving me (till a Prey to ihe Mjrttas. You are no doubt acqjainted witti all thefe Proceedings: It is a Point which requires Juftice and Ccnlideration. A a Friendrtiip has long been eftablifhed between us, 1 dcubt not but y^u will at *!1 Times, and on all Occasions, wifli to preferve it. Other Particulars the Majar will inform you of. The V\x.\eSi Narrative ff tkt Bcbav:o:ir cf tie Robillas, NO 13. The Cafe of the Rohilhs is 39 follows : That from the Beginning to this Time I have treated thrm with Friendfhip and Attention, and or. their Part I have met with nothing but ill Tre.'menr, Trtachery, and a Breach of Ka:th. Accordingly, when the MaraiU* waicbcd with a lai^e Araiy agaicft N.jb ul Dawla and the R*hil ; a SL'dais, and APPENDIX, N 19. Nijib ul Dowh in Sukkertaul, and Hifiz Rahmut, Dondee Cawn, and the reft, at Ilia- habad, where they reduced them to the greateft Straits and Difficulties ; if I had not aflifled them, they would all have been ruined, and deprived of their Women, Country, and Government 5 hut by the Favour of God, I afforded them at that Time lucli Afiift- ance, that the Marattas were put to Fliglit, and took their Rout to the Decan, and the Territory, Property, and Women, of the Rohillas, remained in Security. Again; the Year before laft, when the Maratrs advanced their Troops againft the Rohillas, Zabitta Cawn received a total Defeat, and Hafiz Rahmut, and the others being unable to oppofe them, took Shelter with their Women at the Foot of the Hills, where, if I had ma^e jo Days Delay, they would all have periflied by the bad Water and unfalutary Air j by the Favour of the Almighty, I went with the Englifli Troops to Shahabad, and fropt the Approach of the Marattas, and fometimes ufing Authority and Menaces, and fometimc!. friendly Mediation, and temporizing according to Circumftances, I caufed them to pafr. the Ganges, and releafing them from Confinement, delivered to Zabitta Cawn the Daughte* of Ally Mahomed Cawn, a Principal Chief of the Rohillas, and Nine of the Women and Daughters of Nijib ul Dowlah, ami the Wife and Son of Zabitta Ciwn, together with 400 Women, the Marattas had taken Prifoners, I alfo called to me, Hafiz Rahmut Cawn, and the others who rnd taken Protection under the Hill?, and replaced them on their former Footing in the Poffefiion of their Country. My Friend, General Barker, is well acquainted with thefe Circumflances, in whofe Prefence they entered into an En- gagement for the Payment of 40 Lacks of Rupees, and pledged their Faith and Religion for its Performance. la the Sequel, they did not remain fteady to this Agreement; but, in the Heighth cf ihe Rains, antecedent to every other Perfon, Zabitta Cawn firft went and connected himfeif with the Marattas, and Hafiz Rabmut Cawn fent the Holy Coran, which contains the Religion of the Mufiulmen, to the Marattas, as a Token of his , Fiiendfliip. He alfo gave them five Lacks of Rupees, and eftablifhed a Friendftrp and good Underftanding with them. The whole World are well acquainted, that Envoys iioai Hafiz Rhamut were with the Marattas, and treated with them in the above Manner. My felf con- tinuing firm and fteady to my Engagements, I proceeded, in concert with the Englifli Troops, from Fyzabad to the Affirtance of the Rohillas, and arrived, by fucceffive Matches ac Ramgaut. I previoufly acquainted Hafiz Rhamut Cawn that he fliould make Prepara- tions, and that I fliould fbortly arrive and aft in conjunction with him, as Hafiz Rha- mut Cawn had entered into Intrigues with the Marattas notwiihflanding I was near him, and the Marattas at a confiderable D.ftance ; he neverthslefs, under various Prerenfions and Evafions, diew near the Maratta Army to. fuch a Degree, that the Morning when I arrived with the Englifli Forces, and came upon the Marattzs, Hafiz Rhamut was within 7 or 8 Cols of them 5 whrn, from Neceffity only, he came and waited on me. I am certain, that if I had been 4 Gurries later with the Englifli Forces, he would have joined the Marattas, and fallen upon me ; and that only from my ntar Approach he was compelled to come to me. Afterwards, when the Marattas could not face the Englifli ' Forces and myfelf, and fet out for the Decan, Hafiz Rhamut Cawn did not pay me a fingle Daam on account of the Agreement executed in Prefence of the General an aforementioned ; nor did he treat me with that Refpeft, or prefent me with the cuftomary Prelents, which are ufed amongft Mankind as Marks of FnendC.ip and Hofpitality. The heavy Burden of increafed Expences which 1 have fuftained, both on account of my own Troops, and thofe of the Englifti, are as evident as the Sun at Noon-day. J made no ufe of Menaces concerning taking the Money by Force, otherwife, had I been fo inclined, I would have taken it in the Space of a Day. J pafled the Matter o\er, and took no Notice of it; and they on their Part pleaded 'Exctiies, Evafions, and Delays. They even en- camped at 3 or 4 Cofs Diftance from mine and the Englifh Army, with an Intention to come to a Battle, (hould 1 infift en the Payment cf the Money. Of the Truth of this, every Gentlcirun that was with me can witnefs ; my mentioning it is unntcefTary. In fhort, the Rohillas have been guilty of Treachery, Balenefs, and a Breach of Faith ; and have paid no reg.^rJ either to their Oaths or Agreements, J have, notwithflanding, hi- therto put up wall this Behaviour, but can do it no longer. To oblige them to make Reparation is expedient and juii. A true Tranflation. ^Signed) W m Rcdfearn, Peifian 1 ranfLtor. Tht APPENDIX, N 19. V. The Nabob Shujah ul Dowfoj in Account with the Honourable Un'ted Dr. To 2 Battalions, for Auguft, September, and Oc- tober _._._.___ Tp Preparations, and Colonel Goddard's Detach- ment, Current R s Deduct Batta ii per Cent. To ?xtra IJjcpences, from ift December lyyz to 31(1 Auguft 1773, 9 Month?, at 1, 15,000 per Month - To ditto, for September, and Halt" of the Month of October , . - - Sonata 31 cni 3 10 3.074 4 > 30>cco 27^947 9 9 0,35,000 1,74,500 < 1,65 447 9 9 Company of Merchants of England, trading to the Eaft Indies. No. 14. Cr. Feb. 4. By Cafh paid, Lucknow & Illiab.Sicc 43, 3 jo Deduct BatCa at \\p^ r ( 1,513 Iz 41,736 4 BenaresSonaut Zecaaly Rupees - - Deduct 4| - - 13.750 6.8 12 .... 13,131 4 Benares Sonauts - - _ 43,000 97 ,86 7 i .; March 18. By Cafli pa839 6 Deduft 5! - - 2,965 10 Corah Sonauts - - 76,079 8 50,954 14 Deduftjl - - 2,662 12 6 _.-___ 73,416 i* 6 July I. By Cafhpaid, Oude Rupees 8,000 1,14,371 10 Deducl 3| - - 230 - 7,720 Benares Sonauts - _i __ X4,ooo Recauby Rupees - 8,000 810 m ^^ frt - _, ^ 17,190 July ad. ByCaflipaid, Benares Sonauts - - 5,000 48,910 - -- Oude Rupees - - 0,400 Dedutt 3 \ - - z,ii4 .11 nii^ 58,286 Ferrachabad Rupees 600 Deduct ji- - - ai . . 579 Zecaaby Rupees 4,000 Deduft 4| - - 1,530 82,470 Ditto 8th. By C(h paid, 9^>3J5 - * Oude Rupees - - 0,000 Dedudt 3 V - - I>75 ,~- __ __ 48,250 By Balance due from the Nabob Shujah ul DftvU - ~- r.ls.oco 8,12,612 i* 6 To be paid to Mr. Lambert at Fyzabad * To be paid from the Balance of the King's Tun- ,29,834 13 3 oaw en Mcrflw , to c. , c | o , , , C, | , , Jf & J? Ort-M^O ^ co ei o M M H " O - U, | CO tO M CO I o er, I vo j vo j JB M 1 j tx co oo l^ vo wo "II! 1 1 1 1 1 CO j vO c^ c* en j KO 1 1 N en 1 *1 *! III! 1 1 1 I os a * 1 | > CO * j Q 00 ^ 03 ri- oo ^vomso O e ^ 00 I -III 1 1 1 1 11! 1 C E 1 1 1 * i 1 1 A 1 ^ .-- B ^ 1 | c 1 1 1 ^ v| V .It' 1 ^ T 1 1 8 ll CJ v2 s 1 c s 1.8 *$> \ tf | 1 J ^ ^ *^" 1 5 1 i o S> ^5i f* i 1 "s &, t 1 H 111 js" s ^ 5 H l| 1 n ,fj ^ ^ ^ " I O v" H 6 X {J a PQ c * L a* (-, C c c *** c CJ O O a 5 o o o APPENDIX, N 19. Riprejentation of Nudjif Ca-wn, as dtllveredly bh Vackcel. K" 18, When Major Munro w^s encamped at Benares ther<- were great Disturbances in the Dif. tricls of Corah and Allahabad, and I was in Bundlechund. The Major frnt me a Letter of Invitation through Raja Kyaularam, together with a Bill for 3O,oco R s . and pave me Hopes of Shojah uS Dowla's Country. In the Le;ter he defued metojoin the Englifh by the Way of Corah, and immediately upon my Arrival to eftablifh my own Authority there, and diive out Shujah ul Dowla'i People, becaufe, he faid, the ChuckUh of Corah and Subahdarry of Allahabad weie fettled upon me. Upon the Receipt of this Letter i march- ed to Corah with 7 or 8oco Horfe, and drove away Shojah u! Dowla's People, and I was active in afiifting Colonel Fletcher and General Carnac at the-Siege of the Fort of Allaha- bad and in the War with the Marattas. Thefe Circumftancrs are well known to many Englifli Gentlemen. When the Vizier furrendered hitnfelf to the Engliih, they gave up to him the Subah of Oude, and Corah and Allahabad were made over to the King. The King told Lord Clive that he fhould not pet a tingle Daum by ihe Acquifuion of Co- rah and Allahabad, for that I fliould expend the whole Revenue for the Payment of my Troops. Lord Clive ordered that I fhould receive Two Lacks of Rupees per Annum opC of the Revenues of Bengal for my Support, and told me, that for my Pay and the Pay of my Troops I fhould receive from the King whatever he might appoint; that if my Incli- nation to ferve the King iTiould not continue, I might live where I pleafed ; and there ihould be no failure in the Payment of thefe two Lacks, only I muft not join with any Perfun who was an Enemy of the King, the English, or the V;zir : Accordingly this is inferted in the Treaty. I am now in the King's Service, whom 1 attended agreeable to the Permifiion of General Barker, and have been gailcy of no Inffingrment of my Agrea- ment, and I am now alfo ready to obey your Commands. As the Eoglilh Gentlemen never act contrary to their Engagements, 1 flatter myfelf you will py my Allowance as ufual, together with the Arrears. I am ever ready to aft agreeably to your Directions. Ordered, That the Parna Salt Petre Accounts be entered after the Proceedings of this Day, in the Public D:pattment. The Board embrace this Opportunity to exprefs their entire Approbation of the Meafures adopted by the Prefident, in his Congrefs with the Vizier at Benares ; in particular of the Treaty concluded between the Vizier and the Company, and the Stipulations obtained from the former in behalf of Raja Cheyt Sing, as they are equally calculated for the immediate In- terrfls of the Company as for the Security of the Provinces, by drengthaninp our Alliance with the Vizier, and by fupporting Raja Cheyt Sing, in rrrici Conformity to the political Syftem laid do*n and repeatedly enforced by our Honourable Employers. They approve of the Letter which the Prefident wrote to the King : Under the Circumflances of his Situation and ours, it would have been as improper as impolitic to have complied with his extra- vagant and abfurd Requifitions ; and as he neglected to pay any Attention to the Prefi- dent's repeated Advice to fend a Perfon of Confidence to treat on his Affairs, the Pre- fident, in proceeding to negochte the Ceffion of Ccrah and Allahabad with the Vizier, acted rtrictly conformable to his Infcructiom., The Rrpugnance of the Vizier to part with any of his Territory, was a Circumftanceof which the Board was previously aware ; and as to have infilled on it might have afr'icted our A liance and good Understanding with the Vizier, the Board approve of the Present's having accepted the ready Money Corr>- penfation for Corah and Illahabad, which in i;s Amount greatly exceeds what were their Expectations. The Stipulation for the Cha'geof a Br ; gide, according to the Genera!'* Calculate, appears to them to be equivalent to the Experce ; and it is furthtr fatisfaclory ? as it afcertains a Point which, whilft it was left in a State of Indecifion, might have continued to be the Source of diOgtetable Altercation with the Vizier. Ordered, in confequence of the Governor's Agreement with the Nabob Sujah ul Dow- lih and Rajah Chiet Sing, That a Public Advertifement be ifTued, to forbid any Europem whatever under the Company's Pro'eclion, firm going to or refiding in any Part ot'lhe Dominions of Sujah ul Dowlah, under Pain of forfei-ing that Protection ; and to com- mand all thofe who are already there to quit thofe Territories brfore the jjft of December next under the !i!< e Penalty. Alfo to give Notice that all Gomaftahs, not Europeans, re- fiding there on the Part of any Engliili Gentle.r.en, (hail be amenable in every Refptcl to the Laws of thofe Provinces; and that the Company's Government will by no Means interfere in cafe of their engaging in any Difputes or Difficulties with the Subjifls of the Nabob Sujah ul Dowlah. Agreed, Tnat we write the following circular Lett?-, wiih Copies of this Advfrtife- weut, to b: publifhtd at all the fuboidinate FaibiUi. To APPENDIX, JT 1 9. To Samuel Middleton, Efquire, Refident at the Durbar. Sir, Enclofrd you will receive an Advertifement to prevent Europeans from going up Into Sujah Dowla's Country, Sec. which we defire you will caufe to be ilHied, and made as public as poflible at the City and Cofiimbuzar F-i^ory. Fort William, We are with Efteem, &c. 4th October 1773. The fame to Patna, Dacca, and Chittagong. "With refpeft to the Continuance of MefTrs. Motte, Fowke, and Scott at Benares, as Raja Cheit Sing has exprefled his Approbation of their Conduct, and a feeming Incli- nation that they ihould continue their Refidence in his Diftricl ; Agreed, That thefe Three Gent.sjnen be permitted to remain there until further Or- ders ; and the Secretary is accordingly directed to make them acquainted with this Per- mifBon. In confequence of the Governor's Proportion to appoint a Perfon to refide at the Court of Suia ul Dowlah, for tranfadling fuch Matters of Correfpondence and Corarou- cication with the Vizier as he ihall think f roper to entruit to his Management j Agreed, That we do delegate to the Governor the Power of nominating fuch an Agent whenever he judges it requisite, acquainting the Board of the Perfon he cbufes to no- minate, for their Approbation ; and the further Power of recalling him at his Pleafurc, informing the Board of his having done fo. To enable us to judge of the Validity of Suja Dowla's Claim for the Expsnce of the jgth Battalion of Sepoys, whilft flationsd with him : Ordered, That the Military Pay- roafter General be directed to fend in an Account of the Payments made to the igth Bat- talion of Sepoys fince Lord Clive's Departure from Bengal, fpecifying from whence thofe Payments were iffued : Ordered alfo, that the Secretary to the Select Committee be called on to refer to the Records of his Office, and ascertain to us, whether it was ever ftipu- lated that Sujah Dowlah fliould pay Half, or any Pait of the 30,000 Rupees, agreed for In lieu of the Monthly extra Expences of a Brigade Rationed at Allahabad. Agreed, That we poltpone the Confederation on NudjifYCawn's Stipend till the Ar- rival of the General. The Prefident acquaints the Board, that whilft he was at the City, he obtained Sunuds from the Nabob, appointing Killyan Sing (Son of the late Rajah Sitabroy) Naib of the fclazim in the Bahar Province, and conferring on him the Title of Maha Rajah. H. Goodwin, Warren Haftingr, J. Graham, W. Alderfey, Geo. Vanlittart, P. M. Dacres. V. B. The Minutes and Protcft of Qensral Barker are entered in Appendix, N 13 and 33, and Governor HaftingB Minute in Appendix N iz. In Anfwer to the Demand made by the General, regarding the Powers granted to the Prefidnt folely to negociate with the Vizier at Benares, the Board now declare, That they judged ihe inverting him xvith fuch exclufive Powers ftriclly proper and absolutely necetfjry. It was ptopcr, becaufe conformable to the Orders of the Company, whi pofitively direct the Conduct and Execution of the Country Correfpondence to be t particular Province of the Prelident ; nor do the Board think they could with Confirten have beftowed on the General a Participation of that Power in the Bufinefs of a diftant Negociation, which they would not have referved to themfelves, even at the Seat of the Government; for luppofing that the Conferences with the Viz er had been held at the Prelidency, the Dikullion ami Execution of the Refolves of the Uoard would of courfe have been left to the Prelidenr. It was necefory, becaufe the cllentia! Rcquifites in the Bufinefe to be tranlafted were Difpatch and immediate Dccilion : The Duties of the Go- ich the firtency APPENDIX, N 19. Knowledge of the Station of their Pre/ident, which feems of late Years to have been totally eclipfed in thefe Parts by the fuperior Influence of the Commanding Officer, who >vill always derive fufficient Conftqufnce from the Command of the Army, without being admitted to interfere in the peculiar Province of the Prefident, by appearing the princi- pal Agent in the political Government. The Board hiving thus fully explained the Motives which induced them to veft in the Prefident exclufive Powers for negotiating with the Vizier, it would be fuptrrfluous to fubjoin, that no perfonal Reflection was or tould be intended towards the General, or towards the other Gentlemen of the Board, who were prefent at Benares. They have already afligned their Reafons for {topping the Payment of the Kind's Tribute, they do not think it neceflary to repeat them, but fliall make only a few Obiervations on the General's Objections. It is tiue, there was no declared War between us and the Marattas at the Time when the King put himfelf under their Protection, but they have been regarded as our natural Enemies ever fince the Acquifition of the Dewanny, both by the Administration here, and by the Court of Directors, who have repeatedly in- ftructed us to encourage the other Tribes in Hindoftan to oppofe them, anJ by no One has the Neceflity of treating them even as avowed Enemies been more warmly urged than by the Genrral in his Letters. Allowing that the King's Ceflion of Koran, &c. to the Marattas ; that his marching with them at a Time when their Intentions appeared fo hoftile, that it was found necefiary for our Troops and the Vizier's to advance to oppofe them 5 and that his advifing them to fow Diflentions between us and the Vizier before they attacked us (*hich Facts fiand eftablilhed on our Records) proceeded all from Compulfion, they will fervc only to prove him under the abfolute Bondage of the Marattas ; and although the Illiahad Treaty does not exprefsly (lipulate that he fhould remain in that Neighbourhood, yet it certainly im- plies that he fhould continue his Connection with us, and could never be intended to oblige us to pay a Tribute to our Enemies. If the Company have forfeited the Dewanny by flopping the Payment of the Tribute, they would not have prevented the Forfeituie by paying a Part, as the General propofes; for their Security was for the regular Pay- ment of the Whole, and the King has repeatedly demanded it. To have paid a Part therefore would be ufelefs, by adding to the Company's Diftrefs ; and as to advancing as much as they would, it appears, from the accumulated Debts in Esngal, and the heavy Loun they have been obliged to borrow in Europe, that their Advances have in fadt already exceeded their own Means. The Acknowledgment of Shaw Allum as King in the Village of Dondnagur, by the Troops competing the Army with which he had invaded the Bahar Province, hardly deferves to be dignified by the Exprtfiion of ra'fing him to the Mufnud. The Board believe he was firft formally proclaimed at Patna by the Authority of this Government, and if by Acknowledgment a Payment of Tribute is im- pbed, he has never been acknowledged by any but ihe Englifc, not even by the Vizier his ridt Servant. The General having declined being prefent at this Confutation, as the Matter in De- bate is ia Come Refpects perfonal to himfelf, the above Minutes were communicated to him ; and he fends in the following Reply, requefting that it may be recorded ia the lame Proceedings ; which is ordered accordingly; as follows : General Barker begs Leave to obferve, in Support of the Declaration contained in h;3 Minuieof DifTent to the late Treaty of Benare?, that although it is not expiefsly the Tenor of the 4'h Article of the Treaty of Allahabad with the Vizier, yet the Admini- ftration of thai Period muft have viewed it in that Light ; and he therefore quotes the aoth Paragraph of their General Letter on this Subject, undrr Date tbe jofh September 1765; viz. " With refpect to the other Article of the Trraty, you will obfetve (hat a furticient Provificn is fecu.ed for the Support of the King's Honour and Dignity, without Danger of his becoming a future Incumbrance ; and that Twenty-fix Lacks Yearly are granted to him on the Revenues of Bengal ; a Revenue far more considerable than he ever befcre enjoyed. In Gratitude for this In fiance of our Attention to hit Intereft, his Majefty has been pleafed to beftow on the Company the moft important Grants ever yet obtained by any Europ'in Sta'e from the Mogul's Court: Befide confirming to the Company all their former PofiVflions and f-curin^ to them in Per- petuity the Reicrfion of Lord dive's Jdghier, he has conferred on them the Dewannea. of Bengal, Bahar, and Orifla, and ratified in the flror.geft Terms an Agr<-etrent we propofed concluding with the Nabob, if the King's Confeat eouid be procured ; Sob- Rrr.Y. Y jcft. APPENDIX, N 20. " lefts which It will be necefiary to explain in a feparate Paragraph." And that the 4th Article of the Treaty with the Vizier was merely a Confirmation of this Grant to his Majcfty, of which he was inabfolate PoflVffion. Th* General, in his Communication of the Vizier's Proposals for the Redulion of the Rohilla, by no Means wiflied to poflTtfs him of fo large a Tracl oi Country. He had many other Propofals for the Confideration of the Board, had this Means been adopted at the Time, which would effectually have fecured the neceffary Balance of Power; anc if he miftakcs not, the Prefidcnt is in poifefiion of fome Remarks of the General's up:>n this Subject. Relative to the Quotation which has beea taken up by the Prefident from the General's Letter, of the zjd Mjrch 1768, he begs leave to obferve, that (ince that Time the Vizier has matie confiderable Improvements, both in the Difcip'ine of his Troops an,l Knowledge of Arms 5 and that an Increafe of Wealth muft indubitably enable him to be a flill greater Proficient in the Military Science; although he is by no Means of Opinion, that his Excellency's prcfcnc Force fhould give the Company the lead Caufe for Appre- henGon, (Signed) R- Barker. APPENDIX, N" 20. Extra ff efa Letter f-om the Governor and Seleff Committee of Bengal to the Court of Direfi&i of the Eafi India. Company; dated the nth Oftober 1773. Par. 2. TfN our former Advices we acquainted you, that the Marattas having extorted frcm _. Shaw Albem a Grant of the Provinces of Corah and Currah, were advancing to take pofTdTion J that your Adminiftra'ion, confidering the Right of the Company to that Country when relinquifhed by the King, as well ai the Danger that would arile to your Territories, and thofe of Sujah Dowlah, were the Marattas to obtain fo near a Footing, determined, in concert with the Vizier, to oppoie their Defigns, and to cover the Frontier from an Invafion. 3. In conference of this Refolution, a Brigade was ordered to march and join the Vizier's Army. They proceeded to Ramgaut in the Rohilla Country, where the Gene- ral, having put himftlf at their Head, they encamped on the Banks of the Ganges, as we confined ourfelves to that cfefenfive Plan which you have been pleafed to prescribe. The General was ordered not to commence Hoftilitits, but to remain on the Northern Side of the Ganges ; and the Marattas not daring to attack your Forces, the Armies continued nearly in this Situation for Two Months, without coming to an Engagement. On the rapid Approach of our Army, a confiderable Paity of the Marattas, who were thfn in the Rohilla Country, fled with Precipitation, and re-crofiing the Ganges joined the main Body ; at one Time they \entuied to cannonade our Encampment from the oppofue Bank Of the Riv?r, but being prefently fileoced by a Difcharge from our Artillery, iluy after- wards confined their Operations to laying wafte the neighbouring Country, and at lait, either recalled by their own Government, or apprehenfive of remaining fo near our Artny during the Rains (where, in cafe of an Attack they would have been unable to fecurea Retreat, which was open to them at e/ery other Sealon), they retired to Uie Decan to- wards the Beginning of May. 4. The Campaign has fully anfwered our Intentions; and we entertain Hopes that the Marattas, obferving the Concord which fufifts between the Company and the Vi/ier, and the fleady Syftem on which they at, will defift in future from alarming tne Frontiers with threatened Jnvafions. The little Succefs that has this Year attended their Arms, and the internal Dilfcntions which fubfift among themfelves, give fonie probable Grounds for this Expectation. 5. The Scene of the Marattas Operations lay principally in the Rohilla Country, which, from its Situation, and the Weaknefs and jealoiify of its Chiefs, was particu- larly ejpofed to their Incurfions. One ot the Leaders of this Nation, Hafez Rhamet, whol'e Territories lis contiguous to thofe of Sujah Dnwlah, and to the Province of Corah, had formerly entered into a Treaty with the Vizier, in which he agreed to pay him 40 Lacks of Rupees for his Protection and Affiftance ; the Half of which Surn the Yizict prcaiifed to ? a y to the Company, in confidcration of the fojerior Part they took APPENDIX, NO ai. took in thefe Tranfaflions. Hafez Rhamet having for fome Time acted a very double Fart, at L-ft joined the Army, and continued his Promifes of fulfilling the Tieaty ; but protracted the Time until (he Mamtas had retired, and the Troops were in confluence recalled. Being then relieved from the Apprehenfion of prefect Danger, he declined paying up the.ftipulate.i Sum, on Pretexts of Inability, and that it was necrfTary firft 10 confult the other Rohiila Chiefs. The Vizie.-, highly exafprrated at this Conduct of the Rohilia, propofed immertiaiely to compel him to a Compliance with his Engage- men's, by marching into his Country, or, in cafe of his Refuial, \o reduce it, and unite it to his own. For tins Purpofe, he applied to your Adminiftration for their Aid s.nd Concurrence; but before we could come to any Rcloiution, many Points of a delicate Nature were previoufiy to be examined and fettled. 6. The Alarm of an Invasion of the Marattas had for three fuccelTive Seafons occa- fioned the March of One of the trigacies, at the Requisition and for the AHiftance of the Vizier; but the Sum ftipulatfd as an lailerr.nificaucn for this extnordinaiy 'Expence, being not only t rca t'y inadequate to the actual Amount, but ofren irregularly paid, the Company was fubjected to a heavy Charge, their military Strength greatly weakened, anJ the Weahh of the Country was expended in the Pay of the Troops. Under fiuh. Circumftances the Friendfhip of Sujah Dowlah grew to be a Bonhen to the Company, and it wds evident that an Union fubfifting on Terms fo unequal, could neither be cordial nor laftin^. It became therefore nectfary to provide fome Remedy for this Defeat in our Alliance with ihe Vizier. 7. The actual Poffefiion of the Corah Province wa* another Point that required par- ticular Attention, and opened a Profpecl of Advantage to the Company ; but fiom itc remote Situation, and our Ignorance of the real State of the Country, we thought proper to recommend to the Council to depute One of the Memheis to proceed thither, and to prepare fuch Materials as might enable us to determine upon the Manner of difpofing of it molt beneficial to the Company. 8. While thefe important Matters were under our Confideration, the Vizier frequently euprefTed an earneib Defire of a perfonal Interview with ourPrefident ; and this Meafuie appearing the moft effectual Means of bringing them to aConclufion, and of (Uengthen- jng that Friendship in which ihe Company are united with the Vizier, we recommended it to the Council, and it was carried into Execution. But as you will be informed by the Board, of the Succefs which has attended the Prefident's Negotiations, we beg leave to refer yon on this Subject to the Letter from that Department. APPENDIX, N 31. Extra fl of Bengal Scltfl Conjultaticvs, tie %d February 1772. PRESENT, The Honourable John Cartier, Efq; Prefident, JSamu"! Middleton. and 7 r~ - William Alderley, J E'quues. Ex'rafJ of a Letter from the Prefident and Se.'ffi Committee at Fort William in Berga!, to the Prtjidtnt and Se!t8 Committee at Fort Saint Cei/rge; dated Fort William, ^d Febru- ary 1772. TH E Means of thofe Princes, whofe Extent of Territory or Confequence in the Em- pire fliould lead them to corr.bine their Strength to ftem ihe Torrent, and prove a Counterbalance to the Maratia Power, are not inadequate, if they could be brought to act on one general Plan for the Security of fhe Whle ; tut as it is, they are div.dco, iriefo- Jute, and incapable of taking any effectual Meafnre to avert the impending Danger. It is to no Purpofe that %ve have flimulatfd the Vizier to undertake, in conjunction with the Rohiila, fom? thing of (ufficient Importance to convince them that a vigorous Oppo- fition will follow any further Advances they may make to rhf Eafhvard : He will do no- thing without the A;d of a Body of our Troops," whicn however, at this particular Junc- ture, we do not deem it prudent to grant him. Y x Extra* APPENDIX, N p 2i. xtrat ef Letter from General Barker to the P>-cfidcnt and SekR Committee At Fort William in Bengal ; dated at FaiKabad t ujl January 177*1 I did myfelf the Pleafure to addrefs you on the loth Inftant, with Information that at the Nabob Sujah ul Dowla's earncft Defire and Requeft to fee me at Fayzabad, I had de- termined to proceed to that PJace in my Route to Allahabad. The igth I armed here, and found hit Excellency much indifpofed, not having quitted his Apartments for Four- teen Days, nor did he appear to be in a Condition to have performed his Pjomife of meeting me at Benares. At a Conference I had with him Yefterday Morning, he in- formed me, wiih much Concern and Anxiety, his prefent Situation was become fo criti- cal, that Meafures were nectffary to be taken, without Lcfs of Time, for preventing what inevitably threatened his Reputation and Pofleflions. To obey his Majefty's Directions under the prefent Circumftances he was refolved not to do, for the fame Reafon I before mentioned to you ; that the Maratta Chiefs had gained too great an Afcenttency over his Majefty for him to fupport the Dignity of his S'ation, by which he might be neceffitated to concur in Meafures oppofite to his Inclination and Intereft, or otherwife leaving the Xing under worfe Pretences, than not joining him at all. To remain inactive, and fee the Rohillas reduced, was as bad or worfe; for he very juftly oblerved, that the Rohillas would, to prevent a total Extirpation, undoubtedly give up a Part of their Country, and woul* of confequence be neceffitated to join ftieir Arms with the Marattas. Such a ge- neral Confederacy would immediately fall on him, as their next Object in View ; and he further obfsrves, that in this Cafe he muft claim the Performance of our Treaty for the Defence of his Pofleffions. Or. on the other Hand, ftiould the Marattas not receive any Conditions of Peace from the Rohillas, and the King determined on their Overthrow, fuch an Acquifition of Country and Riches would ftrengthen that Power (already arrived at too great a Heighth) to a very dangerous Degree, particularly as fay eftablifhing them- lelves fo immediately adjoining to his Dominions, they would be ever ready to fall on him when Opportunity offered, by his Force being called to the Afiiftance of his Allies. Under this Dilemma, he has only TWO Plans to adopt, the One will require a Shew of Support and Approbation of the Englifh Government, the other to remain in his prefent Situation waiting the Event of Confequences, and relying on the Support of his Frientis and Allies. To prevent, however, his own Reputation from fuffering, and the Trouble and Expence which muft necefTdrily, and will moft certainly attend his Friends the Eng- li/h by their Afiiftance, he couM wifh they would adopt his fir ft Plan ; and purpofes the TVlarchofhis whole Force to that Frontier of his Dominions contiguous to the PofTeffions of the Rohillas. He has already received Letters from Hafez Rhamut Kaun, the Son of Dundee Kaun and Zehta Khan, requefting his Afliftance to fave them from the impend- ing Blow. A Coul Nama, or Treaty, has been fent him from the latter, with Blanks for filling up f>ich Terms as may be moft agreeable to him, And he is afiured, that on hi' Appearance at the Frontiers with the Approbation of the Engli/h Government, which he obferves can no way apoear or be credited, but V:y my being with him, he can effect a Compromife between the Rohillas, ihc Marattas, and the King, fo that by giving up a Par' of their Country for his M^jefty's Support, they fholl remain in poffeflion of fuch. Parts as will be a Barrier to bis own Dominions; for he obfervfs that the King is uneafy in his prefent Situation, and would moft heartily join in any Accommodation to render himielf more independent of that afpiring Power. The Marattat, from fuch Appearances, would not refufe a Compromile for a Sum of Money,> finer, by Advices from the Decan, it is not improbable but they may be wanted frr the Defence of their own PofTeflion3, Hy'er Allv hiving given a total Defeat to the Maratta Force (rationed in his Country, and Nizam Ally befieged a Fort they had pofTeffed themfelves of in his Subah, to the Af- fiftan.ce of which J-nnou Gee is called from Nagpoor, and the Certainty of Tucco Gee, One of the Chiefs at the Capital, and the Friend of Zabiter Khan, joining to effect fuch falutary Meafuies. In this Caff, his Excellency obferves he can with Propriety take upon him the Office of Yizi-r, and much grearer Confidence will be placed in his Pro- pofa!s, for the Knowledge of the Concern the Englifh have in thefe Negociations, by the Prelence of their Chief Officers : But without the Appearance of fuch a Support he will not undertake it. His Excellency has, by this Conveyance, sddrefled the Prffident orj tht! Urgency of his Situation. And I (hall wait the Refult of your Determination with 1-npatienct- He has requefted a Battalion of Sepoys might be ordered from the Gar- rifon of Allihabad, to the Lines of Cawnpoor, which I have taken upon me to direct j ihould the Nabob's Propofal meet wiih the Concurrence of the Board, and his Nego. ciations APPENDIX, N 21. ciations prove fuccefiful, I (hall deem it one of the luckieft Events that could have hap- pened for the Intereft of the Company. For the Knowledge of fnch an Accommodation efteaed by the Mediation of tbe Englifli, will ftrengthen their Reputation, and will be the only Means of preventing the almoft Certainty of an Attack on the Vizier's or Com- pany's Potfeffions, fooner or later. Extrafi of a Letter front tbe Present aad SekfJ Committee at Fort William In Bengal, to General Barker, dated tbe ^d February 1773. We'have read with Attention in your Letter of the 12th Ultimo, the Vizier's Pro- pofals to effea a general Pacification ; and we confider the Requifition he has made, of our Affiftance to attain this End, in fo moderate and uRafTaming a Light, that we can have no pofCble Objeaion of authorizing you to aa on the Part of the Honourable Com- pany in the Negociations that may occur on this Subjeft. We approve therefore of your having ordered the Battalion to Cawnpoor, and if, upon a thorough Convkftion, it fhall appear to you that the Marattas will certainly make an Attempt on the Provinces of our Allies, we fliall in that Cafe obtain the Concurrence of the Board to a Brigade's marching to Buxar; though, at the Seafon is fo far advanced, we imagine that nothing important in it Confequences will be undertaken by them be- fore the feiliug in of the Rains. Exit off of Bengal Seltfi Ctnfultations, tbe l^tb March 177*. PRESENT, The Honourable John Cartier, Efquire, Prefident, Warren Haftings, and William Alderfey, ^Efqu Jtxtratf of a Letter from Ger era! Barker to tbe Prefident and Selefl Commit fee at Fort Fritliom in Bengal, dated the i%tb January 177*. Encloffd I fend you a Letter which the Nabob fent to me Yeflerday Morning ; it was wrote in consequence of his having received Advices from the Capital. The Marattaj were mad-- ui;ealy from Letters they had received from the Decan, and were defirous of puihing on Matters here with as much Expedition as poflible ; in confequence cf which tru-y were urging his Majefty to march with ail Expedition towards Succurtaul to attack Zabiter Cav/rf, and that the King had aflually moved out of the Capital forae Cofs for that Purpofe, but tor want of Money his People ret'ufed to go with him. The Vizier alfo ebie'ves, that Byfagee will undoubtedly advance him a fmall Sum for the Subfiftence of his Attendants, or otherwife oblige him to g->, as he fufpets their Intention is, to force Zabiter Cawn into a Compromife, and by getting from him a Sum of Money, be at Liberty to co-operate in Meafures with their Chiefs in the Decan. It is this which, the Vizier is defirous to prevent ; but, as I before obferved to you, without the Ap- pearance of -he Engiifh Approbation he cannot do it, for he has hinted to me in Confi- dence what I was cielicate of communicating in Public ; but the Times feem to require it. His Excellency obferved to me, that I was no Stranger to the Terms he was on with the Rohillas, and he openly confeiTed his Inclination and \Vi{h at one Time to reduce thole Powers. Since the Death of Doondee Cawn, for whem he had an utter Averfion, he has b;en more icconciled, and he now difcovers it is highly neceflary, for political Reaibns, to protect them in their prefent Eftablifhment ; that this Difference between them' has occafionei) a Diffidmce on their Side, and that he fhall not be credited uiilcfs the Englilh appear to a- opt the Syftem, and his Pride would be hurt was he to attempt it, and be refufed ; that there is no Time to be loft; that if his Army moves to the Weflern Frontieis, and 1 am with him, he is allured Zabiter Cawnwill not advance a Ru- pee ; that inftcad of a Compromise it will produce an Oppofition. 1 have before wrote to t"U that the Nabob had received Letters from the feveral Rohilla Chiefs ; but then thefe Letters are wrote to him in a Stile as if he was one and the fame as the Englifh, and he doubcs, that without luch a Concurrence, they mean to do nothing with him APPENDIX, N 21. To the Honourable John Cartier, Efquire, Prcfident, &c. Gentlemen of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, I have had the Pleafure to receive your Letter of the 3d Inftant. It gives me great Satisfa&ion, that my Tranfaclions with his Excellency the Vizier have met with your Approbation : We arrived at this Place on the ijth, and fet out for the North-weftern Extremes of the Nabob's Dominions To-morrow. This Situation at Nunamow, being on the Banks of the Gange?, will he exceedingly convenient for me, as 1 mall then be in Readinefs to proceed in a Suake in Ten or Eleven Days to the Presidency, fhouid the Service, or you, Gentlemen, require my Appearance with Expedition. The Nabob has made feveral Propofals to ti conjunctively with the RchUIas and Pattaus, in Oppofition to the Marattas ; but his Propof.ls have not been fo will received as he expected ; they have however fo far agreed to adl mutually for a geiie'al Defence of this Qijaiter of the Empire. The Rohillas urged ths Nabob to march to the Aififtance of Zahiier Cawn, and port himfejf oppofne to Succnrttut, as in this Situaiion he would fce in Readinefs to defend fi'ch of the Fords as are pafoble at this Seafon of the Year, and they themfelves would reinforce Zabiter Cawn. This the Nabob ceclined. nor could I prevail on him on any Account to proceed fo far without the Security of an Englifh Force joined to his Army. He propofed however to march acrofs the Ganges, trom the Frontiers of his Dominions, into the Pattau Diftridt, and there recover fucti of the new Acquifitions which the Mirattas poffeffcd themfeivesof when they inveCed Turruchabad, and by fuch a Diverfion take off a Part of their Attention from Succurtaut; but then the Vizier required an equal Divifion cf the recovered Countries to anfwer or defray the Charges of fuch an Expeiiition; this I verily believe the Nabob would have execu'.cd, becaufe, in fuch an Operation he would have been near his own Country : and were the Marattas to d-tach a principal Part of their Army againft hirr, he had the Englifli at his Back, whom he knew would march to fupport him, and by this Situation he covered his own Country and the Corah Province. Neither the Pattau or the Rohilla relifhe.i or would agree to this Mode of Divifion of Country } it is therefore ref>led, that his Ex- cellency mall prefent his whole Force on the North Weilern Fiontier of his Dominions, in which Situation he (hall be in Readinefs to defend either his own or the Corah Pro- vince. Hafez Rh, met, with tre combined Forces of the Rohillas, from the Affurance that I have given them, that the V zier wiil take no improper Advantage of their being blent from thofe Parts of the Roh.lk Country which lay contiguous to his Excellency '* Dominion?, whilit I am with him, will march to the Defence cf Zabiter Cawn, and Fords of the Ganges; thus the Appearance of fo refpeclable an Oppofition will check the Orrfer cf the Marattas In'ention, and probably put a Stop to their farther Progrefs this Seafon; and this I am in Hopes will anfwer the full Intent of the Diverfion which the Gentlemen of the Madras Admir.iftration could wifti to have performed, by amufmg their Armies in this Quarter, without admitting them to gain any Advantage. At the fame Time Letters are wrote from the Vizier, myfelf, and feveral of the Roniila Chiefs, 'requefting his Majefty would withdraw his Intention of reducing the Rohillas and Pat- taus ; and reprefentid the Confequences of e.ftauliihiog the Marattas in their Country, and encreafing the Strength of that already too prefumptive Power. The Rohillas are witling to give fuch Proportion of their Country, as may be jifdged neceffrry for the Su.'p.irt of the Royal Houfe, and to affift his Majefty in iuch further Operations as may be proper to catry into Execution } and I am in great Hopes, trorn the little Profpedt there js of the Marattas 1'icceeding in the Reduction of the Rohillas this Seafon, the King wiil I '/ten to our Advice; on the other Hand, fliould the Maratta Arms prevail, iH they eftedt a PafTage acrofs the River to reduce the Roiiilla", it appears they muft \vinter on this Side of the Ganges to acquire any Advaniage from fuch a PdiTjgr, as the River is fordable only Three Months longer, from the melting of the SHOW in the Northern Mountains in the hot Months; in which Cife I have a Plan of Operation to prr-pofe immedia'ely on the taking oft' the Rain<, which J am in Hopes will meet with yotir Approbation ; bu' it is too lo,,g to appear in this Letter. The grand Point at pre- fent appears to be the Prevention of a Compromife between the Rohillas and Marattas, which I am endeavouring a% by I'piriting up the Rohiilas and Pattaus, and perfuading them, that although the M.;rat:r.s ftiould gain fymf Advantage this Seafon, the near Ap- proach of (he Rains will Toon att'nid them in Opportunity of recovering their Lodes. I have AfTurances from Zabi'er Cawn, that he is determined to maintain his Poft at Succurtaut, and it is imagined he can doit 5 Hafez Rhamet and the other Rohillas, are fetuficd APPENDIX, Nczi. fansfied with regard to their Eaftern Poflefiions, and are drawing together for the Defence of trie River. And 1 propofe on our Arrival at Munancow, to throw a few of the N- bob' 35 itt ilions, and fame Thoufand of his befi Horfe, on the Frontiers of Corah. Thus, Ofentit-men, 1 am in hopes by thefe Meafures to fruftrate the Intentions of the MarattJS, ami puc a Sti>p to their rapid Progrnfs, at leaft ibi this Seafon, and anfwer all the r'urpofe which the Gentlemen of the Madras Adminiftration can expecl, without commenciug actual Hoflilities wuh them ourfelve-.. The Uteft Advices from the Royal Encampment informs me that his Majefty had, by the A/Maoce of the Marattar, taken a Fott called Goufe Gur, belonging to Zabica Cawn, in which tnere were Six Guns, a large Quantity of Grain, and Ibrrc Trcafure, vhicii was immediately divided between the King and the Marattas in equal Shares: They are now encamprd within Sixteen Cofs of Succurtaut, and fome Parties hive beea examining tiit Fords, Zabita Cawn has reinforced his advanced Guards, and is encamp- ed with a confiderable Body of Kohillas en the oppofue Banks of the Ganges for the De- fence of thr River. I flinulj imagine, that if the M.irattas fucceed in their Attempts of croffing the River, anri make a rapid Progrefs though the Rohilla Country towards the Vizier's Territories, as they have already given it out that they intend cantoning at Lucknow, you will judge t ncceH'ary to advance a Briga.te nearer to his Excellency's Dominions; for in thil Cafe the Approach of the Marattas will be very quick. I have the Honour to be, Head Quarters, Gentlemen, Luckno*, Your moil obedient humble Servant, 5th February 1771. Rt Baclceu To the Honourable John Cartier, Efq. Prefident, &c. Gentlemen of the Seleft Commitee. Gentlemen, His Excellency the Nabob Sujah ul Dowla has jiift been with me, in confequence of Pa pers of Intelligence which arrived from theWeftward late iaft Night : They bring Advices^ That a Body of Marattas, amounting to Thirty thoufand Men, commanded by the Surdar Maha Gee Sindea, had made good their Paflage acrofs the Ganges under Cover of their Cannon, and gave a toul Oe.'eat to the Rohillas and AfTgaos pofted there for the De- frnce of the Fords, and commanded by Sadut Cawn, an Aft'reidi. Thi Surdar is faid to be killed, and the few of the Troops vho efcaped the Slaughter have taken Shelter witb Zibiter Cawn in Succuitaul. This Bio* has greatly dilheartened the feveral Rohilla Sirdars, and it is reported they are each preparing for their own Security and their Fa- milies. The M.uattas, fluflied with their Succefs, will undoubtedly lofe no Time in attacking Zibiter Cawn in his Lines, and there is too much Reafon to apprehend they will fucceed 5 their Progrefs through the Rohilli Country and towards the Vizier's Do- minions will conf^qnently be very rapid. Confidering therefore the Length of Time it will take to receive your Approbation for marching the ift Brigade, I have determined to direct Colonel Champion to begin his Mirch immediately; and the Exigency of the Ser- vice will I hope vindicate my Conduit therein : Should it however be contrary to your Aopiobation, your Orders for countermanding will necefiariiy reach Colonel Champion before he can have advanced far beyond the CarramnaHa. In the mean Time I (hall take every Meafiue, in conceit with his Excellency, for the Defence of his Dominions, that may b^ necefiary on the Occafion. I (hall do myfelf the Plrafure to addrefs you as any material Tranfactions from the Weftwaid occur, and in a Day or two will tranfmit you a full Account of the late Aclion. I am, Head Quarters, Gentlemen, Camp near Bangarmow, with the preateft Refpeft, a8th rebiuary 1772. . Your motf obedient humble Servant, R' Barker. ExtraS APPENDIX, N2i. Extraft of Bengal SeleEI Confutation!, the 30.'* of April 1774* PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haflings, Efquire, William Alderfey and Philip Milner Dacres, Eiquires. From Sir R. 7 Read, the following Letters from General Sir Robert Barker, unde r Barker. 5 Dates the 9th, loth, and i^th Inftant. To the Honourable Joha Cartier, Efqj Prefident, &c. Gentlemen of the Select Com- mittee. Gentlemen, , Since my laft Addrefs to your Board, the Maratta Vackeel, Bahar Gur, has had an Audience with the Vizier, and has received a Killaut or Drefs. The Nabob has aIA> difpatched Elich Cawn with Propofals to the Marattas ; they have, ic feems, through Bahur Gee, offered him the Mediatorfhip of the Affairs between them and Hafez, Rha- met, and the Nabob appears much inclined to undertake the Bufinefs ; their Inducements I am unacquainted with j but he purpofes to acquire a large Sum from the difmayed Ro- riilla, and by giving a Proportion to the Marattas, retain a fufficient Sum to defray the Expences which he has been at for the March of his own Troops, and the extra Expence of the English Forces, with an Overplus to reward him for the Undertaking, He is now fully Intent on this Buliiiefs; and although I have reprefented to him the Probability of h;s being drawn into a Treaty that will hereafter bring Dimonour both on himfelf and Friends, he is not to be diverted from his Scheme, but declares he will enter into no Meafures that will be detrimental to his Allies, or the Attachment and Friendfliip he has with theEn- glifh ; and to convince me of the Truth of this, nothing is to be concluded on without my Approbation. I have pofitively told his Excellency, that I oiflike this Treaty ; that it is jnconfiftent with his Iniereft and his Connexion with the English ; that I had much ra- ther fee him form an Alliance with the Rohillas, who may yet be affembled againfl the Marattas, than have any Thing to fay to thofe afiuming Powers, as I fufpecT: much they have bad Defigns. He afked me, if the Englifli Forces will join, or be in Readinefs to fupport him in the Undertaking ? but he has already experienced, that I can give him little fatisfadlory Anfwers to thefe Qucftions. He tells me he has no Choice j for he mufl either join the Marattas in the total Reduction of the Rohillas, or bring on a Compro- mife between thofe Powers ; for the Alternative is an Attack on his Dominions after the Reduction of the Rohilla. I have therefore fent Captain Gabriel Harper to Hafez Rha- met, and I will do my Endeavours to procraftinate this Treaty until i receive your In- flrujcYions. I have the Honour to be, Camp, near Gentlemen, Shawabad, gth April 177*. Your naoft obedient humble Servant, Robert Barker. To the Honourable John Cartier, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Gentlemen of the Select Com- mittee. Gentlemen, Some Advices from the Decan have thrown the Maratta Chiefs, Byfag:e and Sindeah, into a Confirmation. It is reported, that Mhadarow has reieafed fr -m his Confinement Ragonaut Row, and promifed him a confiderable Command in the Weft ; in confequer.ee of which it is imagined thsy will conclude a Peace with the Rohillas, and recrofs the River. The enclofed Papers of Intelligence corroborate this Information. The Vizier giVrs not much Credit to this News, left it may be propagated to amufe ; but he appears uneafy Under an Apprehenfion of being exclu-ed from this Treaty. I have the Honour to be, Gentlemen, Camp near Shawabad, Your moft obedient humble Servant, . J0th April 1771, R c Barker. Ordered, APPENDIX, N2i. Ordered, That we fend an Anfwer to the General In the following Terms : To Brigadier General Sir R r . Barker, Commander in Chiif under the Prefidency. Sir, We have received your Letters of thr gth, ioth, and I4th Inflant, with the Papers of Jn^eil gence jrjcloied in the Lett'rs. It ai pears by y -ur Lrter of the oth, that the Vizier has formed a Phn fora general Pacification, to be cffufted by his Intervention between the Rohillas and the M<- rattas; and the Objefls ptopofed by it a:e, that, in Lieu of a certain Sum of Money to be paid them by the former, the Marattas may evacuate their Country ; and that he hirrs- lelf likewife may receive a proportionable Confideration to defray the Expence of the Ex* p dition he has fct on Foot, and as an Acknowledgement for his Trouble in the M-dia'ion. The Plan you hive adopted fe^ms to be the Reverfe of this. You fuppofe that ary Com- promife that will add to the Weaknefs of the Rohillas, and ftrengthen the Hands of the Marattas, and which Jhall leave them at Liberty and un ; nterrupted to profec'ite their Pe- fiiins in other Q^aiters, wiil only enable them to return with greater Advantages, and pofTefled of a mure erFc&ual Means of completing the Reduction of the Rrhilla Country at another Scafon, and confequently to carry their Arms into the Dominions of ihe Vizier, by which the Company mud be ultimately involved in an offenfive and hazardous War agalnfi the whole l-'ower of that State. This we conclude to be the principal Ground of your Objections, although not exprefled in ycur Letter. And iheCondudt which you are defirous the Nabob (hould purfue on this Occafion is, that he fhould form an Alliance with the Rohillas againft their Common Enemy, and commence, with the Afiiftance of the Englilh Forces, an immediate War with the Marattas. In confequence of thefe difilmihr Views, the Vizier has fent a Varkeel to the Marat- tas, to treat of Peace ; and you have on the other Hand difpatched Captain Harper as a Plenipotentiary on the Part of tie Company to the Rohilla Chiefs, in order t? procradi- r.ate a Treaty that is to counteract his Excellency's Views, until you mall receive our In- firuclions. We have dated ih* Cafe thus largely on both Sides, that you may the better underiland the Grounds ot our Rsfolutinns upon it. The Committee are confirmed in the Opinion they have for forre Time paft entertain- ed, that the Mar-ittas will rut make any Stay in the Rohilla Country, but that they will be obliged to quit it even before the Rains let in 3 and every Day's Intelligence rmdeis the Probability of this Event the more apparent. We therefore fo far concur in Opinion with you, that any Concf (lions made to the Marattas to promote their Departure would be fiiperfliio'is and highly improper. If their Departure is to be purchafed, although the Vizier might be an immediate gainer by it, ytt we do not think omfslv'S authorifed to engage in any Plan vvhich in its Conleq'jences may lead cs into inevitable Hoflilities : For this Reafon, we cannot approve of a Prorr.ife b:ing made to him of the funfticn of our Forces in the Pn/ecution of an cft'jnfive War ; the more efpecially as th.; Court of Di- rectors, in their Letters by tht Lspwing, have promifed to t'urnifh us with clear and pre- cife inftrudtions reiptrting the carrying on Hofti!it:es agair./l the Marattas at a Diftance from our own Borders ; and cliefe may be very foon expefied. From all the(e ConP.dcraiions, tl>e Committee appiove of your Fnrleavpurs to difTuade the Vizier from enteiing into any Negociations which may lead to an Alliance with the Marattas, f;r,ce we might bv this Means be tTeduded from taking fuch Meafnres as the Company's cxaft Orr'ers nny render necefi'ory ; at the fame Time, we do not think any Treaty iraiic with thofe Powers would be longer observed by them than as it /hould prove confonant to their own Inteieits. As you have already deputed Captain Harper to the Rohillas, of courfe the CommifTioti with which yr u h^vc intruded him mud have had its Ffrefl long before this reaches ;ou : We have therefore only to drfire that you will recal him as Icon as you conveniently can, as the Character in which Captain Harper has b?en lent to the Enemies of the M..rattas, carries vviih it too much the fi ppeirancc of our bring Prir.cipais in thefc Negociations, v.hich we are fo! citous of avoiding. We defire you will inform us very particularly of all Proceedings and Events in your Quarter, or' the Nature ot" your I-.fVr:ic"t:ons to Cjptain Harprr, and of the confe- q-ient Operation?, that we rr.sy have the SulVil .i f l.-.^^e btibre u?, and ^c bc'ter en-.b!ed to farm our Resolutions "?on them, at the Time the Receipt of the Comnanv's Orders may enable us t c t ke a mere dtdfive Part in thefe Tr-iixfaft'ons than we :h;ijk ourfelv:t at prefcnt authoriltd to do. REP, V. : To APPENDIX, N To the Honourable Warren Mailings, Efq; Prefident, &c. Gentlemen of the Selec"? Committee. Gentlemen, I had the Honour to receive your Letter of the 3oth Ultimo yefterday, and have taken the earlieft Opportunity of replying thereto. With Concern it is that I obferve by. your Letter, that my Opinions and Meafures have not appeared to you in the Light I exnefled. Upon the Reperufai of all my Addreffes to your Board, bjTh preceding and fucceeding thofe acknowledged in your befoie-mentioned Letter, J cannot difcover any Alterations in the Plans I had laid down for m? Conduct, farther than the fluctuating Changes iti the Motions and Behaviour of the Powers in this Quarter abfolutely required: I even flatter myfelf you will find my Conduct totally uniform, and that it has b;en my gieateft Care to prevent the Appearance of our having taken too active a Part in the Kegociations expected to be brought about between the Rohilla and the Vizier, and his Excellency and the Marattas.. It has been my Wift to fee the Visier form an Alliance with the Rohilla, as will evi- dently appear by my feveral Letters. From my firft Arrival at his Excellency's Court in January laft, and fmce the entire Defeat of Zabiter Cawn and the general Confirmation the whole Rohilla Power were ihiown into, it became more particularly neceffary, not only to prefetye them from total Extirpation, but alfo to fecure his Excellency's Domi- nions from the Eftablifhment of fuch trooblefome Neighbours by fuch an Alliance. I alfo propofed a grand Step towards flopping the further Prcgrefs of the Maratta Arms, at leaft this Seafon. When the Propofals were therefore made by the Maratta Vackeel to the Nabob, for appointing him Mediator between them and the Rohilla, he imme- diately thought of gaining over the Rohilla, and taking the Management of their Affairs with the Marattas entirely upon himfelf, in confideiation of his receiving from them a Crore of Rupees, as will appear by my Addrefs of the zzd April ; and the Vizier at the fame Time difpatched Elick Cawn to the Maratias with their own Vackeels, to treat with them concerning the evacuating of the Rohilla Diflricts, by the Payment cf * Sum of Money : The Vizier however apprehending little Effect from his Embaffy to the Rohilla Satdars, without the Influence of the Engli/h, requefted Captain Harper might attend his Vackeel upon this Occafion, to give Weight to his Piopofals. I accordingly acquiefced ; but from what Part of my Letter it appears I had fent him as Plenipotentiary on the Part of the Hon urabl? Company, I am at a Lcfs to conceive 5 for, believe me, Gentlemen, it was the fartheft from my Intentions that the Honourable Company mould be in any Refpect whatfoever mentioned in the Agreement between the Rohilla and the Vizier ; and for _your further Satisfaction on this Head, I muft beg leave to feud you under Cover a Copy of the Instructions 1 gave to that Officer upon the Occafion. By the deceitful Behaviour of the Marattas, in denying the Piomifes marie by their Vdckeels, Bthur Gee and Mulkaur Raid, when Elick Cawn ariived to treat with them on the Part of the Vizier, all Negociations between them and his Excellency were entirely broke off, fo you may pleafc to otiferve" by my Letter of the loth of May ; and he then became more urgent for the Junction of Rohilla, left the Marattas might under-rate his Propofals, and, both forming a Junction, fail upon his Dominions, which muft ine- vitably have brought on Pli-ftihties between the Marattas and the Company's Troops : I was therefore again fol cited for Captain Harper's Return to the Rohilla Chiefs, finally to conclude the wifhed-for Alliance, they having agreed to the Payment of fixty Lacks of Rupees. This I have the Pleafure to inform you is at laft nearly effected, and To- morrow or next Day I expect Cap'ain Harper's Arrival, with Hafez Rhamet Cawn accompanying him. On the other Hand, frcmCaufes yet unknown, and notwithftanding the Marattas refufed to permit of the Nabob's having any Concern in the Mcdiatorfliip of the Rohiila, Sindea, attended by Hyfein elt dine Cawn, has fet out with ElicJc Cawn to the Vizier's Camp, with Hopes of prevailing on him to proceed to the Royal Prefence, ss will appear by Letter of the i8th, Duplicate ,of which is enclofed : But the Vizier feems inflexible in his Determination not to form any Alliance with fuch a Set of People, who can fo readily commit a Breach of Promife ; and my further Con. clulion on thii Matter is fet forth in the aforemenroned Letter. After the Knowledge cf your Sentiments relative to the Operations of the Marattas, it would be extraordinary inoeed hid 1 endeavoured to bring about immediate Hoftilities, and it therefore coir. rrrns me to find you have drawn fuch an Inference. Be allured, xvhatever my private S> -ntirr.ents may he on t'lis Head, I lhall never adopt a Plan fo contrary to your Wi/hes, and thole cf ycur Honourable jEmployeis.ConfciOus that his Exuliency would ent,-r into APPENDIX, Nzi. into no Treaty with the Marattas, but muft hereafter prove an Inconvenience to kit Alliance and Friendship with the English, I dreaded its happening ; and here indeed my Views are diffimilar with thofe of the Nabob j I endeavoured to dittuade him from it. Th;ir deceitful Conduct has happily effected my Intentions, and finally his Determina- tion. Should, however, the Nabob's Junction with the Rohillas, and the Refufal he means to give Sindeah, induce the Marattas to undertake any Hoftilities immediately, my Endeavours /hall not be wanting to bring it to a fyeedy Conclufion ; but if they crofs. the River to winter between the Ganges and Jumna, and dtfrr any fur;her At- tempts, I hope to be favoured with your Orders, in confequence of the expeled Inftroc- tions ftom the Honourable the Duectois, for my future Gu.de. Head Quarters, 1 am. Gentlemen, with Refpect, Camp, Shawabad, Your mod obciiieut bumble Servant, zoth May 177*. R 1 Barker, ExtraS of Fort JPHHaos Seltci Confultatkns, 9.yb Junt 1772, To the Honourable Warren Hidings, Efquire, Prefideot, and Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, On the lift Inftant Captain Harper returned from the Rohilla Sardars, having at length prevailed on Harlz Rhamet Cawn to proceed with him to Shawabad the Second Day's March. However Captain Haryer came poft to join me, leaving the Rohilla to foHow by eafy Marches, in order to fettle the Mode for his Reception. The Jealoufy of Hin- doftaners has been very particularly evinced in this Vifit } fcr notwithstanding Hafiz Rha- met has been encamped within Three Cofs fince the zji of the Month, until this Morn- ing he could not prevail on himfelf to perform tne Meeting. His Excellency and myfelf proceeded about Th'ee Miles to meet the Rohilla, and the fame Attention and Ceie;rony was observed as at the Reception of Zabiter Caw n. I hope in a few Days to have the Satisfaction of communicating to you the final Con- clufion of this Agreerr.ent with the Rohilla Sardars in general 5 and am with Refpcft, Camp, Shawabad, -Gentlemen, .May Z5th, 1771. Your moft.obedient humble Servant, ExiraR of Bengal SeleU Confultationt, tbi lotb July 1772. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Prefident, fcc. Gentlemen of the Selet Commute?. Gentlemen, This Morning the Treaty of Alliance, between his Excellency and the Rohilla Sardars, was finally concluded in my Prefence; and inclofed I fend for your Information Copies and Translations of the Treaty of Alliance reciprocally interchanged, and of the Agree- ment on the Part of the Rohilla Sardais with the Vizier. 1 am, Gentlemen, Camp, Shawabad, Your moft obedient humble -Servant, June 17th, 1771. Rt. Barker. Tranjlation cfa Treaty entered into letvattrt the V-.xitr of tie Empire Sujab ul Dvtolab, axd the Robitla Sardari, reciprocally Interchanged, Agreement. Firft, Fnendflii? is eftablidied between us: And we Hafez Rammet Cawn, and Zab ta Cawn, and all the other Rohilla Satdars, great and fmall, have agreed and deter- mined, with the Vizier of the Empire Sujah ul Dowlah, that we adhere to the Subftance of this Writing, and never deviate from this Agreement ; that we efteem his Friends as - our Friends, and his Enemies as our Enemies j and that we and our Heirs, during our Liver, fiiail adhere firmly to this our Oath and Agreement ; that we fhall be united and joined together for the Protection of the Country of the Vizier, of the Empire, and of our .own Country ; and if any Enemy, which God forbid, (hould make an Attempt againft us and the Vizier, we, the Rohilla Sardars ana the Vizier of the Empire, ftiall ufe our .joint udeavouis to oppofe him j we, all the Rohilla Sardars, fliall alfo join and unite in, Z a any APPENDIX, N 21. any Meafure that may be determined by the Vizier of the Empire for the Benefit of the Nabob Mahumtred Z-bira Cawn. We, both Partis, fwear by the Almighty, his Pro- phet, and the facred Kcrar,, tr.at we wi.i firmly adhere to this fulsmn Agreement, nor ever devja:c from this our Treaty. This Treaty confirmed by Oath, and fe?!ed in the PreTence of General Sir Robert Barker, wriilea on the nth of the Month Rubba ul Wul US6 Nigarree. William" Davy, Perfian interpreter. franJTathn of an Jgreerrent on tbt Part of the Robtlla SarJart -wltblte V>z.\tr. The Vizier of the Empire Si!J=h u! Dowjah fl-.al! eflabiifh the Robilla Sardars in their dflerent HolTeilions, obliging the Msrattas to retire either by Peace or W*r} this to de- pend on the Pleafure o.' the Vizier. pend on :ne r-J?3iure o: tne vizier. If at this Time, without either War or Peace, the Mara'tas, on account of the Rains, i1>a!l croii and retire, and after the Expiration of the r?iny Seafon they ilionld again enrcr the Country of the Rohillas, their Expulfion is the Bufmefs of the V;zi?r. The Rohilla Sardars, in confequence of the above, agree to pay 40 Lacks of" Rupees totheVzier, in the fallowing Manner: A3 the Marattas are now in tne Country of the Rohilla Sardars, the Vizier of the Empire (hall m-rch from Sbawabad, as far as may be necefTary, to enable the Families of the P-ohillas to leave the Jungle, and return to the r Habitations: Ten Lacks of Rupees in Specie, in Part of the above Sum, fliiil then be paid ; an! the remaining 1h:rty Lacks in three Years, from the Beginning of the Year liSoFuffuli. This Agreement fealed in the I'refence of General Sir Robert Birker. William Daw, Ptrfian Interpreter. "ExtraEl ef lit Proceedings ef tie Present ar.d Cittvril at Fort William^ in tieir Secret De- fartment, i8ti February 1773. Exfrafi cf Irrftrufiions givtn by lie Board to Central Barker. N- B. A complete 3. Although, f.ir the firft Ol-jeft, our In'entioji w;s to confine Copy of the Inftruc- out Operations altogether within the Limits of the V zirr's Do- tions given by the " minions, ye', for Ke^fons with wh : ch, as a Member of the Board, Board to General you are well acquainted, we have determined to include within the Baiker is included Line of Defence, the Rohilla Diftria lying on the fame Side <.f the in the Collection of River, known by the Name of the Country of Ha'ez Rair.ut Original Pape:s re- K' an } and for that Purpofe, you are hereby authorized to enter fpecfing Corah and jnto a Treaty wit Ha f< z Ramut Khan, for the Dffencc and Pro- Allah^bad. tctbon of his Dominions, on Such Conditions as ih'H tuliy indem- nify the Company for the additions! Charge and Hazard which may be incnrre j . by fuch an Engagement. 4. But (hould Hafez Ramut Khan either fall into the Hands of the Maratas, or from any other f;mi!.ir Circumftance be rende-ed incapable of emering into fuch an Engage- ment, you arc ilill to ci-nfider h s Domin ; ons as an Object of your Operations ; ani if the Vizier requ're you to undertake their Defence, and engage to perform : he Conditions which we have deliied you to claim from Hafez Ramut Khan, you will iv.t iicfitate to comp'y, but adopt the Mei!u:e h-artily, and purfue K as ;ncli.C=d in the Inrlrofticns for the ;mmediate Defence of the Vizirr's Dcnrnions. 5. It is however understood, that in all this you rigidly and ftrifHy adhere to the Maxim Ja'd down, of confining your Operations on that Side within the Ganges, ana en no Ac- count ctufs the River, or carry the War into the Rohiila Diftrifls beyond it. Letter from tit Nabob Sbujab uIDwkb', received tie n>b dpril 1773. Upon Intell'geace being given to General Barker and myfelf, that the Marattas were going to crofs tiie River, and had Intentions of commencing HofHiines in the Territories of Hafrz RahamctCawn, we determined to proceed thitbei by rapid Marches, in O'der to ffi'o d that Coi'ntry l'r:)ti-ftion. Accordingly we fet ou , ar.d arrived in Time- for that Furpoie. Tjgcg- e, wi;h the TdU oi llie Aimy v^itkk be tornaiAoasdj uoi bchig able to find APPENDIX, N 21. fin. J . a rrnffing Place, fl'd off on this SHe the River; and the other Part under the Cora. p. n,i o; r-Va t et:, which crofluJ, ran eft" on thr other Side. The Second Day we learned thdt Togogfe was a tonfideraUe Dill-ante cff on this Side the River, and that By- lagee had tilted near us on trie oppofite Shore. We therefore judged, that if we were at once to c-ofs Part of our Army ?n-\ attck Byfapee, it might prcbjbiy put a fpeedy End to the prefent D:ftorbance, and, in conforn-.ity to this our Opinion, tht (General immediately c-i-tud with- (ho Engli.1i Troops in order to begin the Attack ; but Byfagee, who had got previous Information oftheS;epv>e were mf-oitating, haftened his Retreat, and fled to the D;ftance cf 20 Cofs, fo ih^t the Englifh Troops were obliged to crofs sgain on ihis Side. As we have now got certain Information that Togopee with his Force has Intcn- tions of plundrring Billbrclee and other Place* belonging to the Rohillas, we have there- to e de'ermii)ed to march after him, in order to afford thofe Places Relief} accordingly Hafez Rahamet is alr'aay gone, and To-mo row \ve flial! follow. I have pronrfed the General, that whenever we ihall drive the Ivfuattas outof the Rohilia Country, an,i Ha- fez Rahamet Cawn fliall fulfil his Agreement by the Payment of 40 Lacks of Rupees, I will -ive Half of that S'im to the Enelifh Sirdars. Should the Ronilia Si-dars be guilty ot' a Breach of their Agreement, and the Englifli Gentlemen will thoroughly exterminate them, and fettle me in their Country, 1 will in that Cafe pay 'hem 50 Lacks of Rupees in ready Money, and befiy eroffing the Riser Ganges to attack the Maratras, nor of the Reafons afTignei for that Meafure. We inuft defne you to carry in Remembrance the very pe;emptory Or- ders we have ourfelyes received from our Honourable Employers, to act only on the de- fenfive, and to avoid, by every pofiible Means, the marching of our Forces 10 fuch a Dif- tance from oar Piovinces, as to leave them deftitute of thtir Aid. It was for this Rea- Ibn, and not from any Opinion we had of the Sufficiency of the Ganges as a Burner againft the Maratta Army, that we made that River the Boundary of your Operations beyond the Province ot Corah. We are however jjtisfied, from your immediate Return to your former Station within the prefcribed Line, that you meant to conform yourfelf to the Spirit of our luflrufttcfrs. Ncverthelefs, as we have been particular in providing for every probable Emergency, by recommending the Manner in which we would have you afl j and as the Obfervanca of the defenfrve Flan which we have been obliged to adopt, can only be enfured by a literal Adherence to the Line marked out, we mult infift on your conducting jourfeiffor the future by the Letter, and not by the Spirit, of your Jn- ftructions. Jt is with fome Reluctance that we exceeded our original Plan of Defence, in fuffering ur Troops to pafs beyond the Frontiers of the Vizier's Dominions j and we were princi- pally induced to this, by the natural Boundary which the Ganges arid Mountains formed to the Rohilla Diftrifl, and of courfe to your Operations in it ; added to the Danger to which the Vizier's Dominions were expofed, by the eafy Accefj the Enemy might have through that open Country to his Territories. But thefe Lines once paiFed, it is not ia our Power to prefcribe any Limitation (O the Progrefs of our Troops, which either the Retreat of the Enemy, or any other favourable Emergency, might lead to. The Latitude allowed in our laft L :tter to you was upon this fame Principle. We approve of the Plan formed for the Protection of the Rohilla Country, and of the Stipulation you have made in Beiialf of the Company, for the Moiety of the Sum of 40 Lacks, toJ>e paid by the RohiHa Chief for this Aid ; and we authorize you to enter into fuch Engagements with the Viiier and ihe Rohillas. But we can.ot as yet agree o the Alternative propofed, as it mignt not at this Time he difcreet to crea.te new Ene- mies, until our Hands are entirely cleared of the Marattas, and efpecially for an Object yf no permanent Advantage to the Company. We therefore defire that you will not en- gage in any Meafures for reducing the Country of the Rohillas, in cafe of Default in their Engagements with the Vizier, before you have advifed us of every Circumflance, and have received our further InfhufHons upon this Subject* That a Plan of this Kind would yield the moil efiential Advantage to the Vizier, in extending his Territories, completing the defenfive Line of his Pofleflions, and freeing him from the moft troublefoire Neighbourhood we can well conceive j but as this can- not be atchieved by the Vizier, without the Afliftance of our Forces, we can never confent to engage in it (although we fliould ev?n be authorized by the Treachery or Mifconduct cf the Rohilias), without fuch ptevioua Conditions as Aall fecure to the Company an Equi- valent for fo important a Service tendered to our Ally. And here we cannot avoid ex- preffing our Regret, that in the whde Courfe of our Allaince and Operations with the Viaier, this neceffary and equita.ble Precaution has never yet been futFciently attended to; but every Meafure we have adopted, in conjunction with him, appears -.vhoUy to have been calculated for his particular Advantage. While he thus reaps the fole Benefit, to the entire Exclufion of the Company, it muft check us in every Scheme propofed for the Succefs of the Caufe in which we aie jointly engaged, unlefs fome more equal Plan of Alliance (hall be formed with him. Fort William, We are, Sir, Ijth April 1773. Your moft obedient Servants, Extra ft of Bengal Se!t& Csnfultationt, tbe lybdpril 1773. The Viaier having in feveral of his Letters expreffed an earned Defire to have an In- terview with the Prefident, and many Points of Confequence requiring an Adjuftment which cannot be effected without a personal Conference, the Committee are further of Opinion, that a Meeting between the Vizier and the Prefident, would at this Seafon be productive of great Benefit to the Company's Arfairs. Refulved, Teat we fubmit thefe Subjects to the Confide! ation of th; Coynal at large. tttrt* APPENDIX, N u -zr. Extrafi of Bengal Secret Consultations , tie l^tb April 1773. The Prefident lays before the Board the following Extract from the Ssleil Committee Proceedings of the I5'h Inflant : Extrafi of tie Selef} dmm-ttei Proceeding* of tie i$tb April 1773. It having been refolvrd to take pref nt Pofil-fllon of the Province of Corah on Behalf of the Company, the Committee* are of Opinion that h will be efientielly neceflary, both for lecuring the Ci inp-ny's Rights in that Province, nd as a preparatory Step to any Ex- change of tha'. Diftrifr, or other Mode of Ce.lion which may be refolved on, immediately to depute a Member of the Board to Cor. tie Nabob Sbujab ul Dow.'ab. Written lid April 1773. I have received your Excellency's Letter, mentioning the Particulars of your Operations againft the Marattas, your Promife to the General that, whenever rhe Marattas (hall be driven out of the Rohilla Country, and Hafez Rehmtt Ca\vn flnll fulfil his Ag esments by the Payment of the Forty Lacks of Rupees, you will give Half that Sum to the Compsny ; and that, (Lould the RobilU Chiefs be guilty of a Breach of their Agree Tient, we will thoroughly exterminate therr, and fettle your Ex- cellency in the Coun-ry, you will in that CaJe pay them 50 Lacks of Rupees in ready Money, and exempt the Company from the King's Tribute. Upon the fame Subject the General has alf > written to me very fully. Every Ctrcurr.ftance you have written to me I confider as a Proof of the coidial Attachment which fubfifts between us, and of the Confidence and Reliance which you place in the Friend&ip of the En^lifli Company; but the Points wh ch you have propofed require much confideration, and the previous Ratification of a formal Agreement before I on content to them ; otherwise I may incur the Difpleafure of my Employers. It is true that I have long thought the Jim 61 ion of the Rohilla Country with yours, either by a fure snd permanent Obligation of Friendmip, or by reduc'-ii? them to Obedience, if they ftould render, fuch an Attempt juft. ruble by any Ad or Enmity r-r Treachery, and be an advifible Point fir you to attain, b-caufe by that Means the defenfive Line of your Dominions would be completed by including within it all the Land lying on that Side the River Ganges ; and you will be in no Dan- ger from an Attack on that Quarter, whenever the Marattas (hall commit Diftorbances in another. But it appears to me that it is an Object not to be attained by an occafional Vifit of that Country; and its Diftance from the Province of Bengal will not admit of the Continuance of the Engliflj Forces longer than the Period which remains of the dry Weather. You will pleafe to remember tney were Cent for your Afliftance, and to de- fend the Province of Corah againft the Manttas ; thus far only I am authorized by the eramanos of my Superiors, to employ them, beyond the Limit* cf ihcir ewn Poffdfcons ol APPENDIX, N 21. p which their Commands and our own Inclinations equally enjoin us to obferve inviolably to their Allies, and efpeciaily to one fo clofely united to them by an approved Attachment, would Extraft of Letter from the Nabob Sbujab ul Dnvlab. Received tie iQtb March 1773. By God's Blefling, what is fixed for the Expence of the Englilh Forces will be delivered to Colonel Champion, the Commanding Officer of the Troops here, without repeated Ap- plications 5 and there will be no Deviation therein. You muft remain eafy on this Head, and confidcring the exceffive Deftre or my Heart to have a Meeting with you, keep me conftantly receiving your friendly Letters} for Correfpondence is Half an Interview. Extrefl cfa Letter from tie Nabob Sbujab ul Dnolab. Received the z^tb March 1773. all this Goodnels. For the reft, I write you a few Citcumftances, which proceeds from my Penetiation and Forethought. By God's Blefling, in thefe Days, you, my Knend, are likewile entlowtd with Wifdom, and you will rtlkft on them maturely and conG- APPENDIX, ExtraR of Bengal Se kfi Confutations, qtbjune, 1773. fcead, the following Letters from General Barker, under Date the loth, i3th, and *oth May. To the Honourable Warren Hzftings, Efq. Prefident and Governor, &c. Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, I had the Honour of addrefiing you on the 6th, in Anfwer to your Letter of the I5'h April, which I muft confefs gave me much Uneafinefs, as it conveys an Idea of your having fuppoftd me inclined to exceed your Inftructions, by carrying ycur Forces beyond the Bounds of your Limitation, without Orders. Had I fuppofed you would have drawn, fuch a Surrf>ife from my bare crofiing the River, an Act of Neceflity, notwithftanding the fucceedlng Day muft have informed you of my Return to my former Station, you may rcti adured I mould not have taken fuch a Step, as I mould be forry to give Rife to a Sulpicion, on any Account, which appears to have been fo readily adopted by the Admi- niftration againft one of its Members. It requires no great Penetration to difcover the Confequences of carrying your Forces to a Diftance, which you feemed to apprehend in your Letter of the ijth; and however my Letters may have inclined to the Meafurc of carrying the War when once begun, between the Two Rivers, and profiting for the many heedlefs Marches which your Forces have made into this Quarter ; in Juftice to my Ser- vices, you could not fuppofe me guilty of putting fuch into Execution, without your Or- flers for fo doing. In confequence of the Retreat of the Marattas towards the Jumna, the Rohillas are but little inclined to perform their Agreements, snd already begin to hefitate, from Motives, that tHey deem.the Defence afforded their Country by the Englifh Force* and the Vizier, equally necelTary for the Security of his Excellency's Dominions j and thac no Terms of Accommodation have been fettled with the Marattas, by which only a per- manent Pe<>ce and Security to their PofTeffions can be enfured to them ; that the Ma- rattas may return to them the next Seafon, and with equal Propriety demand the Per- formance of their Treaty with them for 35 Lacks: Will we in that Cafe be anfwerable to defend their PoHefiions, or procure an eftablifhed Peace between them and the Ma- rattas ? Your Letter of the Ijth Ultimo, expreffing that your F6rces were at a great Diftance from your Provinces, and there being no Manner of Occafion, fince the Retreat of the Enemy, for their longer Continuance in this Part, at a Conference with his Excellency, he purpofes to return within his own Dominions, which I readily concurred in, both In regard to the Company's Forces and his own. The Brigade will therefore march in Two Days hence towards the Banks of the Gumpty, between Lucknow and Sultnnpoor, where they will have a temporary Shelter againft the latte^ Part of the dry Seafon, and alfo the rainy Weather, in Expectation of your further Orders. Yefterday I had a Letter from Nuzziff Khan, who received his Difmi.Tion from the Wariltas when they began their Retreat. He exprtfled his Concern at the Part Necef- fity has obliged him to take in the late Operations of the Marattas, and profefled his At- tachment to the Welfare of the Company with great Warmth. In Juftice to this Per- i ii, permit me to allure you, that he hat /hewn a very ftedfaft Attachment : and being p-rfent at all the Transactions thefe Two Years paft, I may be a.liowed to form no in- ciffcrent Judgment of his Worth and Abilities. From my fitft Armal at Rumgaut, he has been urgent to join your Forces ; but I denied him, from the Hopes that he could render me more material Service from his Continuance. He failed not to give me moft minute and exact Informations of the Marattas' Debates and Intentions; and would, I am perfuaded, have rendered your Arms moft eminent Service, had the Marattas ever ventured to come to a general Engagement. He is now in great Diftrefs, and hopes hit Attachment to the Intereft of the Company, and the former Regard he bore in the Opi- nion of the Englifh Gentlemen, will recommend his Situation to your Confiderauon. I am, Grntlerr.en, with Refpect, Head Quarters, Your moft obedient Camp near Currembaoft, bumble Servant, loth May 1775. R. Barker, RE>.V. A a APPENDIX, N 21. To the Honourable Warren Haftlngs, Efq. Prefident and Governor, Sec, Gentlemen of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, Since the Date of my laft, the Papers of Intelligence advife us of the Maratta Force having crofTed the Jumna. Hafez Rharret ftill declines anfwering the Payment of the Treaty, until he can con- fult the other Rohilla Sardars, who are to bear a Proportion of it ; but it appears more to delay Time, that he may difcover how the Affairs of this Quarter are likely to turn out. His Excellency and myfelf will remain fome Days after the Troops, that we may ufe our Endeavours to fettle this Eufinefs, if -poffible ; and I beg leave to fend you the Copy of the Rohilla Treaty, .by which you will perceive how literally it has been exe- cuted and performed, notwithftanding the Evafion of their Chiefs. I concert with the Vizier. I have alfo been weighing the Worth and Abilities of the Nabob Nuzzif Cawn ; and it has been determined he fliould return to his Majefty, as a Perfon thoroughly capable of advifing and afijfting in the Welfare of the Royal Houfe. He will carry Letters of Recommendation from us both to the King to this Purport $ and defuing his Majefty to confide in his Integrity, preferably to thofe mercenary Mi- nifters who at present direct his Councils. NiizzifCawn has afTured me, and his Veracity and Obforvations are to be depended upon, that the Maratta Forces at Ram Gaut under Bufa and Tuccoo amount to no lefs, than Fifty thoufand Men, of which 35,000 were regular good Cavalry, the Remainder Bendarra only ; and that Syndeah had with him io,coo good Horfe, and 5,000 Bendarra, I am, Gentlemen, Camp near Currunbofs, Your moft obedient humble Servant, May i3th 1773. Rt Barker. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Prefident, and Governor, &c. Gentlemen of the Select Committee, Gentlemen, I have received your Letters of the 27th April. Although it did not occur to me before as at all neceflary, permit me now to inform you, that the Alignment granted by the Vizier on the Nabob M^neer ul Dowlah for 1,10,000 Rupees, .will not affect the Revenues of the Corah Province from the Time the Board determined to take it under their own immediate Management} and as the Nabob was acquainted, with their Orders for its Defence, I cannot conceive he would be guilty of inch an Attempt. His Claim on Moneer ul Dowla was a Balance of an old Account of Cafh advanced to his Majefly by Elick Cawn. His Excellency and myfejf, after flaying Three Days at Currembofs without obtaining any determinate Anfwer from the Rohilla Chiefs relative to their fulfilling of their En- gagements, determine to follow the Troops : Accordingly the Vizier has proceeded for lite Capital by very expeditious Marches, and I am following with the Brigade. I am, Gentlemen, Camp at Onflait, with Refpecl, M*y xoth 1773. Your moft obedient humble Servant, R. Barker. Warren Hftmgs, $ been a fl- ajrmat( , d b y the Order of Ragonaut Row, who I look upon it for certain will fucceed him in the Government. Copy of a Paper containing this Intelligence I inclofe for your Perufal. I have now deter- ' mined to take PofTefii'jn of the Country in the Duabe, which formerly belonged to the Rohillay, and is now poflefled by the Marattai : For this Purpofe I fiiall (hortly difpatcb, my Army thither, and (hall follow myfc'f. Should 1 therefore have Occafion for the Alliitance of the Engliih Forces to carry on my Operations in that Country, I defire to know what is your Pleafure, whether you will 1st me have the Forces when I (nail call for them, or you will not. If it be agreeable to you to fupply me with them, it will be beft and moft proper ; and fignify the fame to me, that I may immediately begin confi- deritig upon and forming my Plan of Operations. Let me have your Anfwer fully and particulariy to this, that I may take my Meafures accordingly. A true Translation. (Signed) Will. Redfearn, P. T. From tbt Nabtb Sujab ul Dovutab. Received tbt i8fA November 1773. Letter from the * ^ ave k frore written you feveral Letters, which you may have re- ceived. I have now learnt that Hafiz Rhamut Cawn, and other Ser- to be ill'ued by him on the Receipt of the Vizier's Requifition for the March of our Troops, on the Terms above fpecified ; and in the mean Time, that every Preparation be made for putting the fccond Brigade in Readinef* to take the Field e Nonce, APPENDIX, N 22. Agreed, in confequence, That the following Letter be written to the ChUf at Patna : To Thomas Lane, Efquire, Chief at Patna. Letter to the ThePrefident has defired the Vizier to addrefs himfelf to you, in cafe Chief at P.tna. he fcould require the Affiftanee of -he ^ Brigade. On receiving from himfuchaRequifition, you will pleale to forward the .nclofed Letter to the Officer commanding the Brigade at Dinapoor, which you will retain in your Hand* w ' " Agreed, That the following Order to the Commanding Officer of the ad Brigade, be eoclofed in the Letter to the Chief at Patna. To Lieut. Colonel Tottingham, commanding the a d Brigade at Dinapore. Letter to the You are'herehy direiled, as foon as you conveniently caji after the Receipt Commanding of this Order, to take the Field with the ad Brigade, to march with it Officersofzd into the Territories of the Nabob Sujah a Dowlah, and to join him m Brigade. whatever Pail of hi* Tenitoriei he may be, or require your Pretence. AVe arCj Fort William, Sir, the i 9 tb Nov. 1773. Yr obedient Servanti. Letters to the Agreed, That the Prefident be alfo reque fted to prepare an Anfwer Vizier to the Vizier's Letters, in conformity to the above Refolutions. to the King, and Agreed, That the Prefident be requefted alfo to prepare Letter! to Rohiilas, to be the King, and to the Rohilla Chiefs, requiring from them an Expla- prepared. nation ot" their Intentions with regard lo the Duabe. Warren Haftings, W. Alderfey, P. M. Dacreg. Bengal Selefi Confutations, the lid Novembtr, 1773, PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haflings, Efq', Prefjdent, General Sir Robert Barker, T William Alderfey, and S-EfquireS. P. M. Dacres, J The Prefident lays before the Committee, the following Draught of a Letter to '^J Vizier, which he has prepared, agreeable to the Refolution of laft Meeting: To the Vizier, Some Days ago J received your Letter, containing the Intelligence of the the V. i r Death of Narrain Row - the late Sirdar of the Decan and the Succeflion of Rceanaut Row to the Government ; at the fame Time intimating your Re- folution to take PoiTeffion of the Country in the Duabe, which formerly belonged to the Rohillas, and is now pofiefled by the Marattas ; and defiring to know, whether I will fend the Englifh Fortes, in cafe you fhould have Occasion to call for their Afliftance. I arp fince honoured with another Letter from you, to the following Purport, viz. 11 Tiiat you have learnt, that Haffiz Rhamut Cawn, and other Sirdars, have Intention of taking PclTcfiion of Ettawah and the reft of the Country of Duabe belonging to the Mara;tas ; and that in fuch Cafe you are refolved to carry into Execution the Plan which was concerted between us at Benares, for their Expulfion from the Country lying to ;he North or jours ; asd defiring to know, whether I will affift in the Exe- ct't;on of this Defign j" repeating the Conditions formerly proposed, with other P^r- ulgfs of Importance, which I cfearly undcriUud. APPENDIX, N* 22. As the Subjects of both the above Letters are intimately connected, and admit of onlr cue and the fame Determination, I ftall reply particularly to both in this Atkirefs. With refpecl to the Duabe, you are the Matter to aft in whatever Manner you Ihall deem moft fitting for the Advancement and Security of your own Affair;. Ypu know, that you may always command the Forces of th Company for the Defence of your own Dominions ; if you mould engage in a War, beyond their Borders, and /hould ftand in Need of Alfiftance, I certainly cannot fit ftiil and fee your Danger, without endeavouring to relieve you ; and for that Reafon, 1 hope you will avoid an Emerprize at this Diitance which you cannot be well aflurecJ of performing with your own Strength, as the Com- mands of my Superiors are, as I have repeatedly informrd you, peremptory, that I /nail not fuffpr their Arms to be canied beyond the Line of th?ir own Boundaries, and thofe of your Excellency their Ally, although in one Jnftance I have ventured logo boyond them. Concerning the Country of the Rohillas, whatever was formerly propcfed at Benares, that I am now equally ready to agree to ; that is, the Brigade which is new at Dinapoor, fhall march, whenever you require it, to join you, and proceed witK'you into the Country of the Rchilhf, which lies North cf your Dominions, to afiift you 'in the entire Reduc- tion of it; and your Excellency, on your Part, will fupply them monthly with the ftipu- lated Sum of 2,10,000 R* for their Expences; and whenevsr the Country (hall be fo far conquered, that )*u (hall remain in Pofieflion of it, although the Enemy may lurk in the Hills and Junghs, or a few refractory Zemindars, as is ufual, may withhold their Allegiance, and your Excellency Ihall oifmifs the Brigade, you will on its Departure pay 40 Lacks of Rupees to the Company, as a Confideration for that. Service. To prevent future Mifunderftandings, I have been thus explicit. I muft beg leave further to add, that if the Expedition fhall be once undertaken, it will be abfolutely neceiTary to perfe- vere 'in it, until it mall be accomplished. You will therefore reflect, whether it will be in your Power to make the above Payments punctually with others which are already due; and whether you can refoive on giftg through with the Undertaking. If you are not certain of accomplifting thefe necefrary Points, I rr.uft requeft that you will fufpend the Execution of your Undertaking till a more favourable Time, as I cannot hazard or anfwer for the Effects of Difpleafure of the Company, my Matters, if they ftiall find themfelves involved in a fruitlefs War, or in an Expencr for the Profecution of it. But if you are fatisfied of your Ability to perform thefe Condition?, and will eneage to per- form them, the Brigadf which is at Dinapoor fliall attend you on your Requiiition ; and that there may be no Delay, if you will fignify your Orders for the March of the Brigade to Mr. Lane, the Chief at Patna; and will fend a Letter from him tome, containing your Acquiefcence in thefe Conditions in the Forms of the Form enclofcd, he will caufe th Brigade to proceed to you immediately, being furnifljed with the proper Orders from me, to the Commander of the Forces for thit Purpofe. On the Receipt of your firft LeHer, I ordered all the Detachments of the Brigade at Dinapoor to be aflemjjled, and every Preparation to be made to enable it to take the Field ; and I hope it will be ii Readioefs for that Purpofe whenever you may require. Although, in the enclofed Form, I have mentioned nothing of the Mode in which the for the Expences of the Army is to be defrayed, ! think it proper to observe, that f m. Jrjld be hlgMy expedient that a fure and effectual Mode be previously formed for the regular Payment of the Army. This will prevent Difficulties, and will be the Subject of much Ecfe both to you and myfelf, as the Charges of the Army muft be regularly paid, or the moft taul Conferences may *tieud the Neglect of it; and I have not Money to - u it. A True Copy. Will. Redfearn, P. S. For m of a Letter to be var\tttn by the Vizitr, r. ' f T Having fjrrmon* J the Brigade at Dinapooi to my Afliftance, I nor U> ie w k r fend J '" this Dtclar:ition > that no Suh J ?ct of ^turc Doubt or Dif- ... " jf cuffion containing the Terms or Srrvice on which it is to be employed, *oLnfe!i Z, and might admit of the Conftruclion of Artifice and Infmcrity in our Dealings with him. Moved by the Doubts which I have expofed to the Board, and thus hampered by my Situation with the Vizier, no better Method occurred to me for freeing us from this Di- lemma, than the Letter which is now in Reference before the Board : I have there ex- prttfed ruy Confent to the Expedition, in Terms which, if he agrees to them, are moft likely APPENDIX, , olt agiinit. the Terms impofed upon him, and d Company's Friendfhip, or revolt agiinlt tne ierms impoied upon mm, and drop alt Thought? of profecuting the Defign - } and that I verily believe will be the Iflue of this Cor- rcfponder.ee. The Board, after due Confederation of the Matter In Reference from the Select Com- rnirtee, and of the PreGdent's Reprefcntation, concur heartily in wifhing to avoid the Ex- pedition propofed, without entering into the Difcuflion of the Piopriety of fuch an En- terprize on general Principles. The Board fee in their full Force all the Circumftances of Doubt, as to its prefent Expediency, which the Prefident has fo clearly fet forth ; aod they are alfo fenfible of the EmbarraiTment he is under, from whit pafled on the Subject between him and the Vizier at Benares. They are equally Ibluitous to fave the Honouf of the Company, and watch over its Interefts; and for that Reafon they approve of the Lrtter now before them, which feems equally calculated to favc both. The Conditions, if accepted, would undoubtedly ftcure the greatcft poflinle Advantages from fuih an En- terptize; but thfy appear to them more calculated to drive the Vizier into a Refufal, which is what they truft in, as its moft probable, and almoft inf.illible Confeq'uence, and which they w'.fh for, as the proper Refult of this Propofition, and the prefent Circum- ftances of Affairs. , , , Agieed, That the Prelldent be requefled to forward the Letter, as ^'"fT H P re P ared b y him > tolhe v iz'r; and tht the Older of the I 9 th Ul- and Orders illued ti ^ {he chief at p atna and to the Commanding Officer at Du in confequence. napoor) bc fortbwjth ^^ Warren Haftings, W. Alderfey k P. M. Dacres. Extrafl of Bengal Secret Confutations, tie i6tb No-vernier 1773. General Barker's Minute. The General has already given it as his Opinion, that the Provinces of Corah and Al- lahabad ftiuuld be reftorcd to the King for fuch Acquifitions to the Company as are pre- rnifed in his Minutes and Letters to the Board on that Subject 5 in which Cafe the Con- queft of the Rohilla Country for the Viier became an Object of our Attention, becaufe in this he would have accumulated nothing more than was neceflary to put him oh a Par with his Neighbours, and to enable him to rcfift the Hostilities of any Force united with the King againft him, or, what is the fame Thing, to have enabled him to pay for the Afliftance of the Englifh Forces whe/i called to his Aid : But now that he is in PoiTelTion of Corah and Allahabad, I think it v.c.Jd be impolit cal, from the fame Parity of Rea- foning, to put him in Pofleflion alfo of the Rohilla Country ; unlefs the Company can acquire by it the Pofleflion of thofe Lauds in the Zemindary of Cheit Sing, lying to the South of the Ganges- If the Vizier has the Rohilla Country added to thofe of Oude and the Provinces of Corah and Allahabad, he will be in Pofleflion of a Revenue of r.eajrly Two Crores and an Half fir Annum ; a Sum, that in fome future Day might render an enterprizing Genius a very troublefome Neighbour, on the North Weft Frontiers of the Company's Dominions: And although we have r.o pie'ent Occafion to fufpeft the Sincerity of S'JJah ul Dowlah's Attachment to our Intereft } yet it muft not be forgotten that he is an Hindortander, or that a Sncceflbr might enter the Government wich very different Ideas and Difpofitioo. The General agrees with the Prc f:dent, that the Vizier's Dominions would become compact, and not fuljeil to Invasions ; but the General fuppofes it will become too com- pact, and not lufHeiently open to Invafion; it is from the Apprehenfion of Invafion that cements the V;z.ei's Fiiendlhip with the Englilh, and makes him thai (launch Ally w find him. Had we rifen the King to the Pofleflion of the Doab, including the Provinces of Co- rah and Allahabad, it would then have been nectflary to ftrc.-ij.then the Vp. V. B b one APPENDIX, N24. one by the.Suirkien-y of the other. It was on this Account the General wro f e dowrj ta the Board, the Propofal for adding the Rohilla Diftricti on the North of the Ganges to the Vizier's Dominions j but the Cafe is exceedingly altered } One Half the General's Prop-jfal only is adopted, and we appear to be raifing a particular Power, at the Expence of the Empire, and in Defiance to Roya ty, for the tranfitory Advantage of a pecuniary Object, and by it to raife a Power, who, from ambitious Views, or imaginary Refent- ment, -may hereafter, at a Time when the Company's Aft'airs may be embarraffed, have Strength to form foreign Alliances to invade the Company's PofTeffions. Inaced, the General is of Opinion, that it is the political Intereft of this Government, according to the prefent Syftem, to inftil into the Mind of the Vizier the Necefluy, and indeed Propriety of his ftudying the Welfare and Defence of his prefent Pofieflions, with- out extending his Ambition to Conqurfts that may endanger his own Tranquillity, and that of the Company's his Ally. He has already a Sufficiency to fecure himfelf from any fudden Livafion, and we ran at all Times prevent the fatal Confluences of fuch an Event, v. hen it is likely to take place ; unlefs the Company are pleafed to adopt the Syf- tem of fupporting the Two great Powers of Hindoftan, the King and the Vizier, in Op- pofition to the reft of the Empire, and in which Cafe only, the General thinks it would be neceffary to ftrcngthen the Vizier, to render the Intereft of either dependent on our Decifion. (Signed) Rt Barker. APPENDIX, N 24. Extra ft cf a Letter from the Governor and Council of Bengal, In their Secret Def>artKnt t totbeCoutt of Direfton, of the Eaft India Company j dated the y>th December 1773. l^ar. 2. QiOON after the Departure of that Ship, we received in Reference from the Se- ^ lect QommiUee, accompanied by an Explanatory Minute by the Prefident, a Prcpofal and Requifition of the Vizier's, for our Afliftance in an Attack which he medi- tated on the Doaub, or the Country lying between the Jumna and the Ganges, beyon4 the Province of Corah, and alfo on that of the Rohillas to the North of the Ganges. 3. We determined, without the fmalleft Hefitation, againit his Firft Propofition j but the Second, involving many Queftions reflecting the political Interefls of the Company in thofe Parts, we thought it deferving a more deliberate Difcuflion. The Piefident ftated, very fully and clearly, both his Opinions and his Doubts on the Subject; and afrer a fe- jious Examination of (hem. and ample Difcuflion of eveiy Point, we determined, that ia the prefent Juncture it would be advifeable to ihun entering w'uh the Vizier into fuch an Undertaking as the Conqueft of the Rohilla Provinces to the North of the Ganges, as far as we could confiftently with our Engagements, and the Friendship and clofe Connection which we wifh to preferve with him. In this View, we agreed on fuch a Reply to the Vizier, as und:r the Appearance of Compliance muft either induce him to relinqui/h the Project, or bind him to fuch Conditions in the Acceptance cf our Affiftance, as muft turn altogether to (he Company's Benefit; but indeed we deem him too wife to his owa Interefts not to decline our Aid on thofe Terms; which is the ErTefr. we confidently ex- pect from the Reply. The Subject appears in full in the Confutations. 4. The General, who concurred wish the reft of the Board in approving the Letter which the Prefident propofed to be written to the Vizier, thought it however neceffary to record his fi-parate Reafons againft the Meafure of attack-ing the Rohillas, founded chiefly on his Opinion with regard to the Ceflion of Corah and Allahabad ; to which, as we formerly advifed, he had entered a Minute of Objection. 5. About this Time we alfo refumed the Cjnfideration of the General's Letter from Benares, requefting leave to refign the Service ; which had been deferred till the Return of the Prefident, on account of the feveral Facts alluded to, which could only be cleared up by the General Orders and Military Correfpondence in his Polleflion 7. It gave us Concern to find the General aflign Reafons for wifhing to quit the Ser- vice, which we thought reflected on our Conduct in Military Meafures, and particularly on the Adminiftration of our Prefident, in executing the Duties of his Station as Go- vernor, anu at th fame Tims afpiie at an Authority inconMeut with the Conftitution of APPENDIX, N 2;. of your Service. The Prefident thought it neceffary to vindicate himfelf in a formal' Re- ply ; wherein he ftated the Facts ciicumfrarrially, fupported by proper Documents, anijj we think, fuffieiently demonftrated that there was no juft Caufc lor the General's Com- plaints. In a fubfequent Minute, we exprefled our Sentiments on this Reply ; adding fuch an Expofition of our own Conduct, and our Idea* of your Orders refpefling the Commander in Chief's Au'.hority, as the General's Minute made it incumbent upon us to record. 8th. We would avoid eneroffing yo'.ir Attention on a Subject of this Sort by any Animadverfions on the Difpute, while the Meafures which gave Rife to it are them- felves in our Proceeding") before you, fubmitted to your Judgment and Approval. Al- though we have had frequent Occafion to cenfure the Conduct of the General in Points wherein we believe he h^s erred, more from a mifguided Apprehenfion of his Privileges and of the Authority of the Board, than a Propenfity in his Difpofition to Altercation ; yet we gladly do [uftice to his Character in declaring, that we believe him to be pollcfiTed ot many Virtues, which qualified him in an efpecial Manner for Command in a Servire like this; a Courage approved in the Courfe of many Years Trial; a thorough practical Knowledge of his Profeflion, and great Gentlenefs of Manners ; and as a Man, he is a refpectable Member of the Community. In a Letter the General deliveied in upan his Re/ignation, he has- acknowledged with Refpect and Gratitude the Honours with which fce has been diftinguifhed in your Service. Extracl of a Letter frem tke Governor and Seleff Ccmm'ittee of Bengal to tie Cturt ofDirffkr of the Eaji India Ccmfany, dated the %tb November 1773. Par. z, We have now the Pleafure to tranfmit a Copy of a Letter which we received within ihtfe few Days from Mi. Mofiyn, the Refidem at Pcona j giving an Account of a remarkable Revolution which has happened in the Maratta Staie, and of the Difientions which it has occafioned among their Chiefs. We are happy in reflecting that this Event will probably contribute to the Continuance of the public Tranquillity. APPENDIX, N 25. Extracl of a Letter from the Governor and Council of Bengal, in tlei* Secret Departmtnt, t ike Ciurt of Dirtclors of tbe Eaji India. Company j dated \-]tb January, 1774. Pait. 2. /~\U R Letter from the Public Department will explain the Caufe of the De- \^/ lay in the Egmont's Difpatch. This Delay has afforded us the Opportu- nity of acquainting you with the Refult of the Vizier's Propofition, and our Offer of Affiftance in his Expedition againft theRobillas, on the Terms and Limitations of whkh we advifed yon. 3. It was with Pleafure we found the Plan we had adopted anfwer fo completely to our Intention, The Vizier, on Receipt of the President's Letter w-i:ten agreeably to the Refolution of the Board, returned an immediate Anfwer, declining our Affiftance in his diftant Expeditions on the Conditions we required ; but at the fame Tirce defiring th Brigade might be held in Readinefs to march whenever he {hall find itneceflary to call on it for the Defence of his own Dominions. 4. This Affair being happily terminated in the Manner we wi/hed, we /hall now re. main Spectators only of the Operations of the different Powers in thofe diftant Parts, pre- ferving however a watchful Eye over the Courfe of Events, that we may be prepared to interpofe whenever the Interefts of the Honourable Company are likely to be affected by them. In this View we fhall, in Compliance with the Vizier's Requeft, hold One Brigade in Readinefs to march to his Affiftance within his own Territories, including the Provinces of Corah and Allahabad ; and we acknowledge we fhall not be forry to find that he calls for them on this Footing, as we fhall then be eafed of fo confiderable a Part of the Military Expence, and have the Difcipline of' our Troops prefervcd in an actual Service, at fo little Diftance from our Frontiers. B b APPENDIX, N z$. 5. Tke Prefident on his Return from Benares, as will appear from our Confutations, prcpofed to us the Appointment of a Refident at the Court of the Vizier, for the more immediate Communication with him in ordinary Bufinefs, and fuch other Matters as the Prefident fhould think proper to confide to his Management; and this appearing to us a Meafure of great Convenience and Advantage in the Correfpondence of this Government with the Vizier, we approved of the Prcpolal, and left the Nomination to the Prefident. He accordingly made choice of Mr. Nathaniel Middieton for that Employment, which met with our entire Approbation. In confideration of the great Diftance of the Place of bis Refidence from Calcutta, whence he muft draw the chief Neceflaries for his Table, we have allotted him One thoufand Rupees per Month for his extraordinary Expences. * Director* by the E^mont. APPENDIX, APPENDIX, N- 26. APPENDIX, N 2(5. Extra fl tf a Lft!fr from tb Governor and Council of Eerga!, in tbe:r Secret Def>ar!tatnt t t the Ciurt ofD:ref?ors of tie India Ctmpaay } dated l$tb March 1774. Par. i.OOON after the Difpatch of the Ship Egmonr, the V : zier availed himfelf of ^ the difcretiri>5ry Orders we left with the Chief of Patna, to fend the Second Brigade to his AfBftance as focn as he fhould make a formal Requifition for that Purpofe. 3. You will obferve in our laft, that at the fame Time we advifed you of the Vizier's having declined our form? r Offence, we informed you that we fhould keep the Brigade in Readinefs to march to his AHiftance whenever be fliould require it ; and declared, we fhould not be fony to take this S'ep. as it would cafe us of a considerable Part of our Mi- litaiy Expence, and prelerve our Troops from Inaclion and Relaxation of Difcipline. 4. We therefore imoirdiate'y confirmed the Order for the rrarching of the Brigade, and directed Colonel Champion, Commander in Cliitf, to join them as foon as poffible, to ?il"urr,e the Command. 5. The declared Intention of the Vizier in this Requifition is ftill the Conqueft of the Rchilia Country, and v.e afford our pnfent Affiftance under the lame Conditions of Re- Itriclions which were formerly tendered to him ; our Troops are to be employed only in his own Country, or in that of the Rohillas lying between the Ganges and the Moun- tains ; and he is to pay the Fctty Lacks of Rupees in ready Money whenever the Strvice againft the Rohillas, if it is undertaken, fhall be concluded, as well as the monthly Sub- fidy cf Two Licki Ten thpul^nJ Rupees for the extra Expences of the Brigade, as fli- pulated with the Prefident at Bsriares, His Letter?, recorded in the Confuhations, ex- parties in a very clear and ccncifc Manner his Acceptance of thefe Conditions, being a Tra'nfcript, with little Variation, of the Draft fent to him by the Prefident, as recorded in our Proceedings. To our former full Advices and Proceedings on this Subject, tranf- mitted to you, we have only to a^d at prefent, that we deem the exprefs Object of this Expedition, viz. the Conqueft of the Rohilla Country abose defcribed, as a Point of no great Difficulty, were it to be undertaken ; neither is it likely to involve us in any Trouble! with the other Powers ; the Latenels of the Sea!on,*and the other Defign,in which the Vizier feems to be deeply engaged, as particularized in our Inftruclions to the Commander in Chief, leave little Probability of any Attempt being made in the Profecution of this Undertaking during the prefent Year. 6. The Inftrudlions we have given to the Commandfr in Chief are peremptory as to his keeping within the Limits of the Vizur's Dominions, exxrpt in the Cafe of attack- ing the Rohillas as above defined ; and we have charged him to adt on the defenfive only with regard to every other Power. 49. The Prefidency of Fort Saint George advifed us in a Letter, dated the i8th Janu- ary, of their Apprehenfions of an Invafion from the Marattas, End of their having in confequence ordered a confideraMe Force into the Field to be ready to cppofe their At- tacks j but as the Nabob had declared his Inability to fupply.them with Money for this Expence, they earneltly prelfed us to fend them as large a Remittance in Ca(h or Bills as our Circumstances would admit. 30. We were under the Nece.Tity of replying to them, that we were unable to comply with their Application, without adding to (h? h?avy Load of our prefent Debt; and that they might not be deceived by faife Expectations from us, \ve peremptorily declared we could not fupply them. Extraff of Bengal Select Confullathns, tie $d February 1774* The Prefident hyi before the Committee, a Letter juil received from the Vizier j of which- the following is the Tianflation. Letter from tbe Nabob Sbujab u! Dovtlab. Having furrrrjoned the Brigade at Dinapore to my Afliftance, I now fend you this De- claration, that no Subject of future Doubt or Difcufllon, concerning the Terms of Ser- vice in which it is to be employed, may remain between us : Thai it is my Refolution ta employ the faid Brigade in the Rcduftion of the Country of the Rohillas, which lies between APPENDIX, K 26. between my Borders, the River Ganges, and the Mountains j and I will not require them to pafs thefe Boundaries : That befides the ftipulated Sum of Fifteen Lacks, which will be due on the igth Semadee ul Sane next, on Account of the Ceflion of Corah and II- lahabad, I will, according to my Agreement, pay, Month by Month, punctually, the Sum of 2,10,000 Rupees, for the extra Expences of the Brigade during the Time of its Service, and Forty Lacks of Rupees, in ready Money, when this Service /hall be con- cluded ; that is to fay, whenever the Whole, or Half of the Country of the Rohillas ftall fall into my Poffeffion, or an Accommodation fliall have taken Place with them, and I fhall difmifs the Brigade. But I am the Mafter in thefe Matters, and have the Power cither to keep or dilmifs the Brigade. Whenever I pleafe J will difmifs it ; and until fuch Time as I think proper to difmifs it, it fcall remain with me. Never, never, {hall it leave me, without my DifmiiTion. A true Tranflation. W Meflrs. Dacres and Vanfittart, at the Committee of Revenue, The Secretary lays before the Board the Draft of Inflruftions for Colonel Champion, prepared agreeable to the Orders of the 3d Inftant. Revifed and compleated the above Inftrudlions; and Agreed upon writing Two Letters to the Chief and Council at Patna ; the firft to be immediately difparrhed to that Place, and the other given in Charge to Colonel Cham- pion, agreeable to the Tenor of his Inftruftions. Ordered, That One Copy of thefe Papers be referred for the Information of the Seleft Committee, and that they be alfo recorded in this Department as follows: Col. Champion's 7 To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Inftruclion*. ^ Forces under the Prefidencjr. Sir, I. Having thought proper, at the Reqnifition of the Vizier, to grant him the Aflift- ance of one Brigade of the Honourable Company's Forces ; and the Troops being already on their March towards bis Dominions, you will pleafe to repair with all convenient Speed to take upon you their immediate Command 5 and although you are acquainted, as a Member of the Adminiftration, with the Motives aj>d Intentions of this Expedition, APPENDIX, N 26. vie j'J'Jge it neeefTary for your more particular Guidance in the general Line of your Ope- rations, to give you the following Inftructiuns, trufting the particular Conduit in tne Field to your Military Skill and Capacity. 2. The exprefs I'urpofe for which the Vizier at this Time demanded our Aid, being the Reduction of the Rohilla Country lying between the Ganges and the Mountains, you are immediately, on your Arrival in his Country, to acquaint him that you .ire ready to proceed on that Service, and require his further Inftruclions. For the girnral Stipu- lation?, in the Cale of his requiring the Affiftante of our forces, we refer you to the accompanying Copy of A Treaty executed between our Prcfident and the Vizier at B-nares, in Auguft laft ; and for the particular Conditions on which we aft'nd him our Allirtancs in this Expedition, to the Tranflition, of an Addrsfs from the latter on his making the Requifltion of a Brigade. 3. As the Vizier appears completely occupied at prefent in his Expedition into the Doauba, for the Recovery (in Behalf of the King Shaw Alum) of the Territory feized by the Maratras, we imagine he will hardly rind Time this Seafoa to attempt any Thing towards the Conqueft he meditates of the Rohilla Country before defcribed. We think it however necefiary to fuppofe the Pofiibility of fuch a Service taking place in defcribing the Line of your Operations, which is to be as follows : 4. You are not to pafs the Boundary which divides the Province of Oude from the Rohilla Country, except at the exprefs Requifltion of the Vizier, and in that Cafe you are to confine all your Operations to that Country as above defcribed, and to the Domi- nions of the Vizier ; you are in no Cafe, nor on any Account whatever, to permit the Troops, or any Part of them, to pafs the Rivrr Ganges from the Rohilla Country, nor the Boundaries of the Vizier's Dominions, comprehending his ancient Pofleffions of Oude, and the new Acquifitions of Corah and Allahabad. At any Rate, whatever be the par- ticular Service which you are required to proceed upon within the Line of thefe Inftruc- tions, you will ufe the neceflary Precaution to receive this Requifltion from the Vizier in Writing, to obviate future Doubts or Difputes which may arife upon them. 5. If upon your Arriv.d with the Army, you fliould find that the Vizier has not re- turned from his Expedition into the Doauba, or concerted his Plan for immediately exe- cuting his Intentions on the Rohilla Country, we think it will be neceflary that you fhould, as foon as poflible, have an Interview with him, as well for the Purpofe of con- certing the Operations in which our Tro.ops are to be employed for hh Aid, as to give you a proper Introduction to him in the Station which you now fill of your Commander in Chief: but as fuch Interview taking place within the Limits of the PcfTsflions which were formerly conquered by the Marattas, and have been lately regained by the Vizier in Behalf of the King, may be liable to future Mifreprefentation, and be conftiued an Al of Hoftility againft that Power on the immediate Part of this Governmsnt, a Confe- quence which we wiflj ftudioufly to avoid, we would recommend that you advife him of your Approach, appoint a Place for meeting him, and proceed thither without any other Military Force than a Retinue fuitable to your Station, and a Guard fufficient for your Security ; you will publicly declare, that you go only to meet the Vizier, and with no Intention of joining in any Operations againft the Territories of which the Marattas had poffeiled themfelves j and as foon as you have fettled wiih the Vizier the neceflary Plan for your Operations, you will immediately return to the Army. 6 The Military Conduct of the Expedition is entirely left with you; but at the re- gular Payment of the Troops is an efiVntnl Point, and will depend altogether upon the Exact nels of the Vizier, you will be particularly attentive to make proper Application! to him for this Purpofe ; but fliould he neglect to evade or furnifh the monthly Subfidy, you will, in conjunction with the Refident at his Court, fet before him, in the flrongdl Terms, the Impropriety of his Conduct. 7. If luch Instances fliould, contrary to our Expectation?, prove ineffectual, and one Month rtiall have elapfed beyond the Period in which the Payment mould have been made, we authorize and enjoin you to fufpend your Operations, and to return to Benares, there to wait our further Orders ; declaring to the Vizier, in the Name of the Board, that you confider this Failure in his Engagements as an Equivalent to a Difmiflion of the Troops, and that you fliall halt at Benares until the Balance due, both of the Subfjdy and for luc.h other Conditions as /hall have been performed conformably to the Tenor of hit Letter, in Confutation 3d February, (hall have been fullyjdifcharged. g. You will perceive that the Vizier's Payments are not to become due till the Brigade ftiall have patted the Borders of his Dominions. It will be neceflary, therefore, to advife u> of this Date, in order to ascertain the Demand ; in the mean Time we have fent In- ftiuttions APPENDIX, N 26. fcfuftions to the Chief and Council at Patna, to fupply the Paymafter with a Sum M- ficient for the Pay and Charges of the Brigade to the Ead of thu Mon h, trufting to the Punctuality of the Vizier for the future Supplies ; neverthelefs, to guard againft every PuiFibility of Diftrefs, which may attend the Troops from the Want of Money, we herewith deliver to you a Letter of Credit upon the Chief add Council at Patna, for 2,50,000 Rupees, to'be ufrd in cafe of your having left the Vizier, and being theu reduced to ex- treme Necefiity for employing it. 9. Whenever the Vizier {hall think it expedient to difmifs the Troops, yon are to re- cjuire fuch Difmiflion in Writing, to proceed immediately to the Frontiers of out Pro- vinces with all convenient Expedition, according to the Stipulations of the Agreement ; but if he (hall not have difcharged the Balance due for the Charges and other Conditions of this Expedition, you are to halt at Benares until the fame fhall be fully difcharged, as we have above diretk'J, or until you fhall be furnifhed with our O.ders for your further Conduct. 10. We recommend in the ftrongeft Manner, that you cultivate a good Undemanding v/ith the Vizier, and that you pay the ftricleft Attention to the Behavkur and Difcipline of the Troops, that no Subject of Complaint may arife on that Head, either from himfelf, or from any People of the Countries wiih whom we are not in a State of Hcft'tlkie?. 11. For the more convenient Execution of Military Law and Juftice, we furnifh you with a regular Warrant for afleinbling Courts Martial according to Aft of Parliament. la. You will correfpond regularly with the Honourable the President and Selel Com- mittee) and receive their Orders, both as to your political and military Operations. Fort William, We are, with Efteem, &c. the 1 4th February 1774. To Thomas Lane, Efquire, Chief, and Council, at Patna. Gentlemen, We defire you will advance the Paymafler of the Second Brigade a Sum fufficient for its Pay and Charges to the End of this Month of February, receiving his Bil! for ihe Amount upon the Military Paymafler General. After having furnifhtd this Supply, you zre to make no further Advances whatever to this Brigade without bur exprefs Orders, until it fhall return again within the Provinces. The Supply for the Monthly Expence of the Garrifon of Chunar muft be furnifhed as before. Fort William, We are, &c. the I4th February 1774. To Thomas Lane, Efquire, Chief, and Council, at Patna. Gentlemen, Notwithftanding our Orders of this Day's Date, refpecling the Advances to the Second Brigade, we have, in cafe of Exigency, of which the Commander in Chief will be the Judge, authorized him to draw upon you for the Sum of Two Lacks and a Half of Sicca Rupees ; and to his Bills for that Amount you will accordingly pay due Honour. Fort William, We are, &c. the l^th February 1774. Seagal Selef? tonfuttations, tie * 7 tb April 1774. P^ R E S E N T, The Honourable Warren Haftingj, Efquire, PrefiJent Willia.-n Aldetfey, Philip Milner Dacres, Efquires. Read, the following Letter from the Commander in Chief, dated ijth April. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident, &c. Members of the SeleA Committee. Gentlemen, This Morning I had fome Converfatmn with the Vizier concerning the Mrafures to be purfued in order to efi'eituate the Cons we might have paid very dear tor diflcdging them. Having led the Liq about aoo Yards beyond this Village, we lrd cfi'to the Right to- wards the Null*, hy ^ubdivifions, and now, about 8 o'clock, tl.e Enemy's Artillery opened upon us. The Compliment was returned by Two Guns, which I had placed on iin Eminence to amufe them whilft our Army was forming in order of Battle. The Corps of Cadets and Sepoy Grenadiers, led by Major Hanway, and Three Batta- lions of the Brigade Sepoys, compofed the Right Wing, commandsd by Lieutenant Co- lonel Leflie; thefe, and the European Regiments, foon gave a full Front to the Enemy, and whilft they gradually inclined to the Right, under a fevere Cannonade, returned the Salute with their Guns. The Three remaining Battalions of our own Sepoys, under the Command of Major Eyres, compofed a Second Line, and the Two Divifions of thr Nie b Fultan covered the Flanks of our Army, whilft we advanced flowly towards the Enemy ; the Cannonade en both Sides became veiy fmart; and by Degrees as the Nabob's Regulars, who had marched in the Rear of our Column, came up, they drelTed with the European Regiment, and became the left Wing in place of the Matchlockmen, who inclined to the Left to give them Ground and cover their Flank; but this Wing was not compeltely formed till 9 o'Clock. Hariz and his Army, confiding of about 4.0,000., (hewed great Bravery and Refoju- tion, annoying us wiih their Artillery and Rockets; they made repeated Attempts to charge; but our Guns being fo much better ferved than theirs, kept fo conflant and galling a Fire, that they could not advance, and where they were clofeft thfre was the greatest Slaughter ; they gave Proof of a good Share cf military Knowledge, by (hewing Inclina- tions to force both our Flanks at the fame Time, and endeavouring to call off our Atten- tion by a brilk fire on our Centre. They feemed particularly defirous to diftrefs our Right Flank, and" with that View brought Four Guns and a large Quantity of Rockets from a confiderable Diftance, to en- filade us ; at the fame Time lining the Nullah, which could not for fome Time be ob- ferved for long Graff, with fome of their Troops, in order to ru/h upon us, fliould our Right be thrown into Confufion. Perceiving their Intention, I directed a few {hells to be played upon therr, whilft a Battalion from our R-ght was ordered to diflodge the Enemy from the Nullah ; the Bat- talion feht on this Service foon performed it, and advanced fo brifkly after the Enemy, that fearing left they mould go too far, I ordered the Battalion on the Right of the Se- cond Line to fupport them. Never was I more fully convinced of the Utiliry of a Second L ; ne than on this Occa- fion, for in the Couife of the Day I found it neceiTary to fend ail the Three Battalions which formed it' to ccver the Right Flank. It is impoffible to defcribe a more obftinate 1'irmnefs of Refolution than the Ene.-ny difplayed ; numerous were their gaUant Men, whcadanced, and qften pitched their Colours between both Armies, in order to encou- rage their Men to follow them ; and it was not till they faw our whole Army advancing brifkly to charge them, afttr a fever- Cannouade'of Two Hours Twenty Minutes, and a Imart Fire 'of Mufquetfy for fome Minutes on both Flanks, that they fairly turned their B^cks. The Battalions then formed into feparate Column*, and with Beat of Drum and Fifes playing, the Aimy prelltd in Glory through the Rohilla Canrjp. And now came on the After-game of the few Horfe the Nabob Pnt to the Fild ; no /boner was the Eucn.y inecoverably broke, than they pulhed after them, and got much a Plunder APPENDIX, N 2 6, Plunder in Money, Elephants, and Camels, &c. &c. &c. Their Camp Equipage, which was all ftanding, and proves we came on them by Surprize, with whatever Effects they could not carry off, fell a Sacrifice to the Ravages of the Nabob's People, whilft the Company's Troops, in regular Order in their Ranks, moft juflly obferved, ' We have " the Honour of the Day, and thefe Banditti the Profit." J wi(h 1 could pay the Vizier any Compliment on this Occafion, or that I were not under the indifpenfable NecelTity of cxprefiiiK n:y higheft Indignation at his ihameful Pufillani- mity ; indifpenfably, I fay, becaufe it is neceffary that Administration fliould clearly know how little t'> be depended on is this their Ally. The Night before the Battle, I applied to him for fome particular Piecss of Cannon, which I thought might prove of great Service in Action ; but he declined giving the Ufe of them ; and though the Honour of the English Arms was called in queftion by the for- ward Raftirels of the Enemy in challenging us to Battle, and abandoning the Port j yet did the Vizier urge me to decline the Fight, and make arorher March on the Eaflern Side of the Gurrah towards Peilybret. Thus would he have infpired the Enemy, whofe Num- bers would have been reinforced with near Twelve thoufand men, haftening under differ- ent Leaders to their Aid. However, when he found me determined, he promifed folemnly to fupport me with all his Force ; and particularly engaged to be clo'e at Hand with a large Body of Cavalry to be ufed as I fhould direft ; but inftead of being nigh rne, he remained beyond the Gurrah, on the Ground which I had left in the Morning, furroujifled by his Cavalry and a large Train of Artillery, and did net move thence till the News of the Enemy's Defeat reached him. To this Breach of his Faith was owing the Danger which followed from the Enemy's enfilading the right Flank of your Army, which might have been attended with Confe- quences that I dread to think of; but for the Advantage derived from our Second Line. This, however, was not all ; for if his Cavalry had been up, to have prefled upon the Enemy in their Flight, they muft have made prodigious Havock, might have totally dif- ab!ed them from making head again, and rendered any Defence of Peilybret abfolutely impracticable, by thinning their Numbers, and getting between the Remainder and their ftrnng Hold. I have been thus particular with regard to the Vizier's Conduct, that it may be better known how to deal with him in future. Of the Enemy above 2, coo fell in the Field, and amongft them many Sirdars ; of your Army little more than a Hundred, and not a fingle Officer, Standards we have taken without Number, and above Fifty Pieces of Cannon ; but what renders the Victory moft decifive, is the Death of Hafiz Ramet, who was killed whilft bravely rallying his People fo Battle : One of his Sons was alfo killed; One taken Prifoner; a Third returned from Flight To-day, and is in the Hands of Sujah Dowlah. I cannot, Gentlemen, better convey to your Minds the Senfe which I have of the Con- duit of your Army on this Occafion, than by Miclofing herewith a Copy of my Return of Thanks fignified in the Orders of this Day. I have to wifli, that it was in my Power moft liberally to reward fuch diftineu'iftied Gallantry ; but fince that is not the Cafe, I do moft earneftly recommend them to every poflible Mark of the Bounty and Favour of Go- vernment. J have only to add, that the Gentlemen who fhewed fuch Alertnefs and Prefence of Mind in carrying rr/y Orders to the different Bodies of the Army d oring the Courfe of the Aflion, were Captain Allen M'Pherfrn, Captain Edward Shewon, Lieutenants William Biuce and Robert Raine, and Engfins John and Alexander Murray : And that 1 am, With much Rtfpeft, Camp on the Field of St. George. Gentlemen, 24th April 1774. Your moft obrdient, bumble Servant, A. Champion. P. S. I have the Honour to inclofe a general Peturn of the Killed, Woucded, and Milling of the feveral Corps engaged at the Battk of S:. George. APPENDIX, N* 26. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire. Sir, In a Letter of the ajth, I informed you, that the Army would canton at Direlly dur- ing the enfuing rainy Siafon ; but that the Time of going into Cantonments muft de- pend on a Confcreace which I fliould have with his Excellency the Vizier in a few Days thereafter. lam now to acquaint you, Sir, that the Nabob and I, with the Combined Armies, are within five Cofs of Birelly ; and that having intimated to his Excellency, that I was ready to perform what further Services he might require before the fetting in of the Rains, he anfwered, That he thought nothing more could be undertaken j and requeft- ed I would canton the Troops. The whole of Hafiz Rhamet's Country, with Ally and Bifibuly, belonging to the Son of Dundy Cawn, who has delivered himfelf up, is already in the Nabob's Poffdlion ; and the only Part of the Ruhilla Dominions unoccupied by his Troops, is Zabita Cawn's Country, which I hold alfo as conquered, becaufe Zabita Cawn himfelf is at the Vizier's Court, and cannot get away, even if he were difpofea to difpute, which it is probable the fate of his Friend Hafiz will at all Rates deter him from st'empting. This being the Cafe, 1 have the Pkafure to think, that the Sum ftipuLted to be paid to the Company i now due, and may be demanded when you pleafe. In the Courie of the Service, I have obferved the greatest Circumfp?Hon ; I have not, in One Kftance, interfered between his Excellency and any of the Natives in the conquer- ed Country ; fo that I am confident he cannot hare the imalltfl PJea for prolonging the Terms of Payment of the Company's Money. J have the Honour to be, Camp on the Banks Sir, f the Nartu Nulla, Your mofi obedient, zd May 1774. humble Servant, A. Champion, A GENERAL 1 i i 5 ! g 2 o QH PWrS CO | j o S p 3 puno M 1 I g ea pma \0 1 I S q I VO 1 q < |9 r^ii!^ 1 ! \ 1 A = PPno M 00 i s ? S wi?2 " 1 5 S. O g 1 *" W"0 M - 1 1 3 p 3 ri!>i 1 J S PPn. M * 1 O i ^ H P'l! 1 ")! 1 1 a ,2 |C p 3pU ,.o M * 1 * 5 3 ec Mt!N ;r 0? K x r: g E 2 p,p U .0 M I 1 ^2 i 1 .S.- p 3 puno M g 1 I 5 p^in^ 1 1 E PPOM : . M : 1 A ."H P'lICH " I .s 1- - papunoM I c S M P^IJN 1 1 Icf 1 P'M 1 1 ^sl 1 P'K'S 1 1 5-^ t n 3 p (i no M 1 I ^ t; B a ^ 1 1 w-5 I P^puao^ - 1 Isl 3" P S -!!>J 1 I l|| Ji ~2 c H J I 7 s" ll w-f 1 .? c 5 C^^-j"^J u APPENDIX, N 27. The President lays before the Committee cbe following TranfUtionof a Letter from the Vizier. From the Nabtib Sujab ul Daw.'a. Praife to the Creator of the World, that by his Favour I have obtain:;! th? Wifhes of my heart. To-Day, which is the nth of Saffbr, the Englifh Troops and mi: e were op- pofed to thofe of Hafiz Rhamet Cawn, and there enfusd a warai Conflict, which lafted for the Space of One Par. A Number, of nearly 50,000 Rohillas, Aftghans, a: tacked us on all Sides, and clofed upon us j but as the Favour of the Alrrushty was on our Side, we gained a complete Yidlory. Hatiz Rhamet wai (lain, and much Plunder ft!! into our Hands of the conquered Army. May this Victory prove hapuy to my Friend, for in Reality the Alliance betwixt us renders our mutual Victories equally interefting to bo:h. In the Engagement General Champion and the En^iith T.oops behaved with great Spirit and Activity, and it is owing to the Favour of God, to a fortunate Opportunity, and to the zealous EiTorts of the Enghih Troops, that this Vilory has been acquired. There are other Principal Rohilla Chiefs who are Mailers of a large Army, but by the Blei:ing of God they fliaH be reduced to Subjection. Agreed, That the above Papers be laid before the Board for their Information. Agreed, That the following Anfwer be written to Colonel Champion* To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Pre* fidency. Sir, We hare received your Letter of the iQth, and alfo of the *4fh, which has been laid before the Board ; and you will be informed of their Sen;imen:s in a fepara'e Lettef. We have only on this Occalion to exprefsour fincere Satisfaction at the decifive Advan- tage gained over the Rohilhs, which we afcribe entirely to your good Conduft, and to Die Bravery of the Troops under your Command. Fort William, We are, Sir, 9th May 1774. Your mod obedient humble Servants. Agreed, That a Letter to the Honourable the Court of Directors, informing tbem of this Advantage gained over the Rohilhs, be prepared to be di (patched over Laatf. Warren Ha(Hn gs . WHI Alderfey, P. M. Dacres. APPENDIX, N 6 27. Copy cfa Lett tr from the Go-verror and Council of Bengal, to the Court of Dirc&ors ef tie Eaft India Ci/mfany j dated iqtb May 1774. To the Honourable the Court of Directors for the Affairs of the Honourable United Company of Merchants of England trading to the Eaft Indies* Honourable Sirs, THE d/.ily Expeclatlori of an approaching Crifis in the Operations of your Army in the Rohilla War, has induced us to delay, from Time to Time, the Difpatch of onr accompanying Advices, in the Hopes of being able to tranfmit more complete In- formation. This is now in our Power. By a Letter from Colonel Champion to the Pre- fident, dated the zd Inftant, we learn, that the Vizier had formerly declared to him, that he had no furthe.- Occafion for the Services of -he Troops in the Field before the Rains ; that he was accordingly preparing to canton them at Brietly, the Capital of the new- acquired Dominions ; that the Whole of the Country lately poffeiTsd by Hafez Rhamet, \viih Ouly and Biflbuly, belonging to the Son of Doo'ndy Cawn, is already in the Pof- fcffion of the Vizier j aad the only Part of the Rchilla Dominions unoccupied by his Troops, Troops, is the Territory of Zabita Cawn, who is in the Vizier's Camp, in his Cuftody, and unable, were he at Liberty, to oppofe him; fo that we think we may, without Pre- fumption, congratulate you on the happy Accompli/hment of" the Undertaking, begun and decided almoft in the farm: Iiiftantot Time, and the Right which you have unqueftion- ab'y acquired to the Sum ftipulare.1 for the Service. We have the Honour to be, Honourable Sirs, Fort William, Your faithful and moft the J4th May 1774. obedient humble Servants, Warren Haftings, W. Alcierfey, P. M. Dacres. ExtraEI of a Letter from the Governor and Council In Bengal to tie Court of Dirtffort of tbi Eaft India Company, dated zqtb Auguft 1774. Par. 2. You were therein informed, that the Brigade employed under the Command of Colonel Champion, in the Service againft the Rohillas, was preparing to canton at Barelly for the Rains. Soon after, on the Requifition and urgent Solicitation of the Vizier, this Deftination was changed, and the Brigade marched forwards to the ( ity of BifTouly, which is near the Centre of the Rohilla Country, on that Side of the Cannes, and immediately entered into Quarters, with the Intention of parting the whole Seafon of the Rains there. But on the News of an Accommodation among the Maratta Chiefs, and on the Appearance of fr>me hoftile Afts on the Part of the King, fearing toi be interrupted in the Courfe of his Operations if they were delayed, the Vizier has fines importuned the Comrrander in Chief to take the Field again, and to march againft the Remainder of the Rohilla Forces, who were afiembled under the Command of Fyjoolla Cawn, at Patter Cur, in the Northernmoft Divifion of that Country, hoping that by their Difperfion, which would at this Time be with lefs Difficulty effected, any Defigns which may have been formed by the King or th,e Marattas, to be executed after the Rains, will be anticipated and rendered abortive. To this Requeft Colonel Champion, though with Reluftance, and having firft objected to it on account of the Dangers to which the Troops (the Europeans efpecially) would be fubjected from Sicknefs, by being expofed to the Inclemency of the prefent Seafon, afiented. We own the Force of the Colonel's Ob- jections, and think they outweigh the Argument* urged by the Vizier, to ptove the Ne- ceffity of prefent Service, as we are perfuaded that our Forces in that Quarter, joined to thole of the Vizier, and aided by our other Refources, are fuperior to any Oppofitiori which we can forefec in any probable Event of Things : But ic may accellerate the Iflue of the War, and iifcourage foreign Attempts ; and our Advices from the Commander irx Chief, and from the Refident, mention, that the Seafon was, and had been for fome Time* uncommonly favourable for fuch a Defign. 3. By a Letter from Colonel Champion to the Committee, dated 5th Augaft, he was then advanced with the Army 24 Cofs beyond Bifijuly. We know not how near this may have carried him to Patter Gur. 4. The King has lately taken into his Service Sumroo, the notorious Afiafiin of the unfortunate Prifoners at Patoa ; it is alfo faid that he has invited Gazeo-dun Cawn and Meer Cofiim to his Court, and that he has written Letters to the Abdallee and to the Maratta Chiefs, foliciting their Return to that Quarter; and to Fyzoolla Cawn, encou- raging him to perfevere, and flattering him with Hopes of Succour. Thefe Indications of his Majefty's ladifpofnion towards us, for which many obvious Caufes may be afiig'i- ed, are not likely to aftect your Imereft, at leaft not materially, fince his bolicitaticns will have little Weight with the Powers to whom they are made, and who know that he has neither Wealth, Territory, nor perfonal Command, to give them Credit. The Ab- dallee is too remote to become an Object of our Apprehenfion. The Marattas ate not to be delpifcd, although they muft have fufiered exiremely from their late intefiine Dif- tutbances : The Faclion 'excited by the Miniftcrs of that State againft Ragonaut Row has prevailed, the Infant Son of Narrain Row acknowledged Pefliwa in h.t Stead, and Ragsnaut himfelf a Prifoner in their Hands, ac we are informed by our lad Advices. '5. It is very probable that they will attempt to recover the Duawb from the Vizier the next Ssafon, if they have Leifure and Means to fend th^ir Forces fo far ; but we have Realbn to believe that they will net venture to aft openly ap:.:nft our Army, ncr to invade the Vizier's own Dominions; and we venture to promife, that whilft the Or-'ers under which we now aft continue in force, we (hail not permit the AtiflT. or any Par; of if, to Rsr.V. Dd ftfi APPENDIX, N 27. paft the Line' to which its prefent Operations are reftricled, either to prevent or repel any Attempts of the Marattas, while they leave us unmolefted within it. 6. This Conduct the Vizier will probably expeil from the repeated Declarations made to him by the President when he firrt engaged in that Enterprize ; and it is not impro- bable that fuch an Expectation may be the Ground of his prefent Eagernefs to bring the War to a Conclusion, that his own Forces may be wholly at Liberty to defend his new Acquifitions in the Duawb againft future Attacks of the Marattas. 7. As to Meet Cofiim and Gazio-dun Cawn, they are mere Names, and can b: of no Weight, into whatever Scale they are thrown, but as they mark the Temper and Incli- nations of thufe who befriended them. g. The Payments of the Monthly Subfidy for the extra Charge nf the Brigade hare been made with great Punctuality, fo far as our Advices mentioned them. The Viz.er has given the Refident an Afiignment on his Treafury at Fayzabad, for the jj Lacks due by the Treaty for the Second Payment, on account of the Cefiion of Corah and Allahabad j and we hope that it is by this Time on the Way to Calcutta. We are, Honourable Sirs, Fort William, Your moil faithful, the *4th Auguft 1774. obedient humble Servants, Warren Haftings, W. Alderfey, P. M. Dacres. Letter from the Governor and Council of Bengal to the Court of Diredan of the Eafl India Ccmfany, dated the iqtb QEiobcr 1774- To the Honourable the Court of Directors for Affairs of the Honourable United Company of Merchants of England trading to the Eaft Indies. Honourable Sirs, Par. I. Our laft Difpatch was dated the 4th of Auguft, and enclofed a Duplicate of the preceding. It was lent to Fort St. George to be forwarded to you on board his Ma- jefty's Ships, which were then to return to Europe. z. In that Letter we informed you, that Colonel Champion had complied with the preiling Solicitations of the Vizier, to advance with the Brigade in conjunction with hi Army againft the Rohillas under Fyioolia Cawn, who were in the Neighbourhood of Patter Gur; and that, on the jth of Auguft, they had proceeded with this Intention Twenty-four Cofs beyond Bellbuly, the Place of their Cantonments. The next Letter received from the Colonel was addrefied to the Piefident, and dated the 8th of Auguft, adv;fing him of an Offer made by the Vizier, of Seven Lacks of Rupees at a Prefent te the Brigade for their Services to him, and enclofing the Copy of an Obligation which the Vizier had delivered for the Payment of this Sum Six Months after its Date. As the Vizier had made his Intentions public, this Tranfaclion could not be concealed from the Troops ; but Colonel Champion gave them to understand, that the ArTent of Government was necefory to their accepting ir, for which Purpofe he addrefled the Prefident. The Prcfident laid his Letter before us, and we referred it to the Council at large, who found, upon a Reference to the late Act of Parliament for the better Regulation of India Affairs, &c. that the Acceptance of Prefents was pofitivelv prohibited; and the Colonel was ac- quainted of the ImpclJibiiity either for them to alTsnt or the Army to receive the Vizier's Donation. 3. The Colonel continued to advance towards Patter Gur leifurely, and with frequent retting Days, for the Ea'e of the Troops; the Weather was very favourable, and the Men tontinued in good Health and Spirits. On the loth Auguft he was within Four ihort Marches of Patter Gur, and received Information that the Rohillas were retiring unto the Hills, but had left a Body of their Troops at that Place. However, on his advancing nearer, they all retired ; and on the i6th the Vieier took pofleflion of Patter Gur without any Refiftance, and thereby completed his Conquefts of the Rohilla Country, wherein we Were engaged to affift him. This opened a Plea for demanding the 40 Lacks, as due by> the Tenot of our Engagement ; and the Ptefident did accordingly write to the Vizier on tiiis Subject, and inftruted the Refident to make the Demand. Fyroolla Cawn with the Rnhilla Army, laid to amount to 40,000 Men, w?s cooped up within the Mountains, and confined between them and the River; and the Colonel's Letters d^fcribe them to have fufrc/ed much from Want of i'rovifions. The Vizier was defuoui of bringing the War to a APPENDIX, N z>. B immediate Conclufion, by an Accommodation with the Rohillas, and offered Fycooll* Cawn Terms which he rejected. The Port occupied by the Rohillas was at. a Place called Loll Dong, which was faid to be without the Rohilla Territory, and was therefore con- fidered by Colonel Champion as beyond the Line to wh'ien his Operations were limited j for which Reafon he would not comply with the Vizier's repeated Defire of attacking them, until he mould receive o-ir Inftrudlions in Reply to his Letter of the agth July, which exprefled his Doubts on this Su'jeft ; and the Two Armies continued for forr* Time inactive, although within Sixteen Cufs, cr about az Miles, of each other. In the mean Time, Negociations were carried on. Fyzoolla Cawn requefted that Mr. Murray, the Colonel's Secretary, might be fent to him, to whom he wifhed to explain fome PointV that he did not chufe to commit to Writing j and the Colonel confented to bis Requeft, in the Hopes that he might be perfuaded by Mr. Murray to come to Camp, and upon a perfonal Interview with the Vizier be brought to accede to the Term* offered him ; ths Vizier likewile approved of Mr. Murray's Vifit, and furnifhed him with I nftr unions. The Vizier, by Mr. Murray, repeated an Offer to Fyzoolla Cawn of a Settlement in the Duawb, with A durances of Support, on his furrendering himfelf, and delivering up the Half of his Treafure and Effects. Fyzooila Cawn confented to the latter Part of the Propolal, provided the Settlement was made in the Rohilla Country, which had been lately con- quered, and not in the Duawb, which he alleged it was impoflible for him to defend ajainft the Incuifions of the Marattas : Both Propolals were mutually rejected, and Mr. Murray was recalled, withmt having b:en able to efted the Purpofe for which he was fent. 4. The Colonel then, at the urgent Solicitation of the Vizier, made a Movement nearer the Enemy, by which he entirely cut oft" their Communication with the River and the Rohilla Country, and was now within Ten Cofs, or about 15 Miles, of them; but being ftill under the fame Difficulty with refpeft to his Inftruclions, he refufed to proceed further. The Colonel's Letter, da'.ed the 6th of September, mentions the encreafed Dutrefles of the Rohilla Army ; and on the loth he writes, that they had moved their Families farther into the Country within the Hills. A few Days after he would hae received our In- itruclions, giving him a Latitude of A&isn beyond the Limits to which he thought him- fclf reftritted, and of courfe would be enabled to bring the War to a fpeedy Iffue, either by accelerating an Agreement, or attacking and difperfing the Enemy. Our Proceedings properly clofe at this Period, and we make no Doubt but you will be informed of the Sequel by the new Adminiftration. 5. In Reply to the Demand which was made on the Vi/ier for Paymeut of the 40 Lacks, he pleaded his Inability to avail himfelf of Refources for Money, while he wa obliged to keep the Fisid, and the Rohilla Army remained unfubdued ; and while the In- tentions of the Marattas weie unknown, who, by attacking him in another Quarter, might oblige him to abandon his Conquefts, which would revert to the Rohillas, and he obliged to lubdue it a Second Time. As the Vizier has been hitherto punctual in his pecuniary Engagements with us, we are not under any Apprehenfion of his not fulfilling this ; and we were the lefs fcrupulous to grant him the Benefit of the Excufc he pleaded, fince we had every Reafon to expert, tnat an early Poft would bring us the Advices of his Objection being removed, by the Conclufion of a Peace, or the Defeat of the Rohillas ; and to have puflied him for Pjymert at fuch a critical Conjuncture, might have compelled him to a precipitate and difadvantageous Agreement with his Enemy. 6. At the Time of our laft Difpatches, the various Accounts we had received of the Marattas, agreed in reprefenting the DilTentions among them to have ceafed, by the Con- finement of Ragonaut Row, and the Proclamation of the young Prince, Madan Rowas, Pe(hwah ; but we have fince received more authentic Advices from Mr. Moftyn at Poona, by which it appears, that Ragonaut Row, in place of being imprifoned, as was fuppofed, is fupported by Madhajee Sindeah and Tokajee Hoolka, into whofe Hanos he had thrown himfelf, and who, though originally attached to the oppofite Faftion, now undertook to fupport him againft it, having a large Force under their Command, confift;n principally of the famr Troops which they had fo fuccefsfully employed in the Duawb and the Rrhilla Diftricis in the Courfe of the Uft Two Years 5 he alfo mentions that frelh Difientions have arifen among the Minifters, fo that the intefiine Diflraftiens of the Maratta State promife another Year's Security to Hindoftan from their Incurfions. > 7. Bencram Pundit, a Vackeel from Shabajea Booflah, Si.bah of Berar, the Brother and Succeilbr of the late Janojee, has been attending upon the PreSoent upwards of a Twelvermnth ; he had been mentioned to us by the Prefidcnt as a very Intelligent Per- fcn, who hascomrnunicarfd to him, on manv Occasions, the earlieft Information ofTr.ir.f- P d ft}Qn APPENDIX, N2 7 . adions in theDecan, which after Advices have confirmed. He has acquainted the PreH- iJent with the Views and Claim of his Maftsr to the Government of the Maratta State, in the Profecution of which he may be greatly alMed by the prefent DiiTentions among the Minifters; he has alfo often repeated the earneft Defire of Shabajee BooHa to enter into a dsfenfive Alliance with the Company through this Prefidency. An Opinion that fuch an Alliance may be of great Advantage to the Company, has induced us to (hew every Mark of Attention to the Vackeel, who is now fent bicli with Letters and Prefents to his Mater, and Dereahboy, the Widow of Janojee, who has great Sway in the Admi- Eiftration^ 8. The Vizier has lately propofed an Interview with the King, under Pretence of re- gulating the Countries lately conquered ; and we hare agreed that the commanding Of- ficer of our Army (hall be prefent, and affift with his Counfel and Advice ; but we have ftiilly prohibited him from engaging the Company as Guarantee to any of the Treaties or Agreements that fliatl take place between his Majefty and the Vizier, or in any ether Engagements whatever, that flial! produce any new Claims or Demands upon them. If the Influence of our Brigade, employed for the Proteclion of the Vizier's Country, (hould extend itfelf to the Security of any Country that msy be allotted to the King, we have di- rected Colonel Champion to make a Merit of our Pioteftion to his Majefty, and demand, as a Return, the Renunciation of his Claim to the Bengal Tribute, upon the Footing of thereby removing every Caufe of further Difcontent between his Majefty and u. 9. Accompanying, we have the Honour to forward our Proceedings to che 6th of Oto- her inclufive, Duplicate of our laft general Letter, and broken Set of Country Correfpond. ence, from the 3d of March to the zj.rty Lacks of Rupees to the Company, when he mould be put in Pc-iTelfion of the Whili or Half the Rohilh Country, ox wh:n an Accomodaticn ihould take place. Here APPENDIX, N 27. Here I am moft heartily to hope, that it is clearly underftood between you, Gentlemen, and his Excellency, what the Half of the Rohilla Country is j for otherwife much Alter- cation may arife on this Head, Many Circumftances may perhap' concur to render it inexpedient for you to pufh th", Conqueftof the Rohilla Country. My Letters to the Seledr Committee of die 2 4 th Apn), to which I beg leave to refer you, will pretty clearly fhew, that there is confidetabie Danger in trotting your Troops with the Vizier on aftual Service, fmce you muft lay your 1 Account with fuftaining the whole Weight of the War; nay, it is worfc, he will feed, your Commander with folenrm Promifes of Support, and yet difappoint him. But fuppofing the Vizier as firm as could be wifhed, his not improbable that a foreign Enemy may, after the Rains, reduce him to the Necefiity of retiring to his own Domi* nions, in order to protect them from Invafion : In this Cafe, the Rohilla Country will fall a Prey to others; for he cannot both keep it and defend his own Dominions, \inlefs our Government give him another Brigade, which perhaps they may not chooie to do. Now I do not conceive that we are obliged to maintain him in Poffsflion of this new Acquifition ; and if he ftall be obliged to evacuate it before the Forty Lacks are acknow- ledged due to the Company, he will moft probably ufe every Endeavour to evade Payment ; for I am forry to confefs, that his Excellency is apt to equivocate. It is faid, that Ahmet Cawn has given his Country, which lies between Dundy Cawn's and Zabedy Cawn's, to the King, and indeed the Treatment of the Family of Hafez will perfectly juftify the other Chiefs in every Step they can take to avoid coming under the Power of Sujan Dowlah. It concerns me much to have your Inftrudions, Gentlemen, how to aft, in cafe it proves true that Ahmet Cawn's Country is actually ceded to his Majelly j and I am to re- queft you will favour me with them as foon as poffible. Whifperers tell me, there was a previous Agreement between Nlzif Cawn on the Part of the King and the Vizier, for a Partition of the Rohilla Country ; and that Nazif Cawn, who we know is in the Field, and was on his Way to join the Nabob till he heard of the Defeat of Hafiz, is marching to poffcfs himfelf of Zabedy Cawn's Country, which is the moft remote of the Rohilla Dominions. On the Suppofition of the Truth of this News, and that the Nabob fhould, on ac- count of the Advantages he had gained by the Force of our Arms, difavow any Agree- ment with Nizif Cawn, I would gladly have your Directions. All that could poffibly be effected before the Rains, is already done, excepting marching toBiflbuly; which, notwithstanding what the Nabob faid this Morning, I am well aU fured i occupied by Part of his Troops. When he told me there was immenfe Treafure there, I fufpected he had difguifed his Inten.ions ; and my Sufpicions have been greatly ftrengthened fince he was with me, by an Information, that the Treafure which he pre- tends is at Biflbuly, is really in the Palace and Town of Birelly, every Avecue of which is flint up by his Troops, infomucb, that a fingle Inhabitant cannot get out of the Place j and that his fole View in requiring me to move, is no other, than left it be known what Riches he may find in the Place, or the Means he may ufe to obtain them. This much I am under the NeceiTny of declaring, that I am greatly afraid the Vi. zier's Behaviour to the Family of the Nabob Hafez Ramet, and to the inhabitants of his Country, will render our Connection with him reproachful to us, and tend to lellen that Reputation of our Juftice which had heretofore prevailed in thcfe Countries. As I received oiy Inftruftions from your Board, I have thought it proper to fubmit thefe Matters to your Confideration, that you may do me the Honour of figmfying your Pita* lure concerning them. I remain, with Refpefr, Camp near Birelly, Honourable Sir. and Gentlemen, 4th May 1774. Your moft obedient humble Servant, A. Champion, Upon the Cafe ftated by Colonel Champion in the above Letter, that Amed Cawn may have given up kis Country to the King, the Board are ef Opinion that we ought ftill m fupport the Vizier's Pretenlions to that Coun.ry : But in difcufling this Cafe, a Douht having arifen concerning the Propriety of oppofing the King, fhould he appear himfelf in Perfon to aflert his Pretenfions to any Part of the Rohilla Country, within the preiciibed Line of our Plan, or of our prefent military Operations. The APPENDIX, N 27. The Qiieftion is now pur, How in that Cafe we mould aft ? Refolvcd by the Majority of the Board, That we fhould oppofe him. MtfTrs. Lawrell and Graham are of Opinion we fcould not oppofe him. The Majority of the Board record the following Reafons for the above Refoluticn : ift. Becaufe it is wsll hnown that the King has no Power of his own, but is entirely gTvsrned by thofe who have Pofieflnn of his Perfon or Authority, being in effcft the mere Inftrument to execute and fanclify their Defigns. This Reafon induced the Board to authorize General Sir Robert Barker lift Year to aft openly againlt the Marattas, although they profeHed to execu'e only the Commands of the King, and brought him with them into the Field to authorize their Tranfaftions. He is now in the Hands of Mudges) o Dowlah and Nedjif Cawn, the former of whom derives his Influence from the PollelTion of the King's Perfon, the latter from the Command of his Forces ; but both are univerfally regarded as afting entirely from their own Authority. The fame Rea(bn, therefore, that would compel this Government to oppofe the King when he came agsinft our Ally the laft Year in Perfon at the Head of the Maratta Army, equally fub- fifts for oppoiing him now, fhould he lend the fame Sanftion to Nedjif Cawn, or any other, ftiling hinilelf his Servant. id. Becaufe, if it is juft and lawful to oppofe the Ministers of the King in the Execu- tion of his Orders, it is equally fo to oppofe the King himfelf in the Execution of the fame Deftgas. This Government owes no Allegiance to Shasv Allum. 3d. Becaufe, if it is to be eftablifhed as a Rule, though the King in Perfon may com- mand our Acquiefcence in fuch Acts as we fhould oppofe were he not prefent, it would prove an infallible Means of inviting him to an Interposition of his perfonal Authority in every Meafure which we fhould be engaged in, and to an actual Invafion of the Pofleilioni of our Ally ; nor could we, confiftently with that Principle, difpute even his PretenCons to the Countries or Places which are the incontrovertible Property of the Company, if he chofe to employ the fame Arguments to enforce them. 4th. Becaufe th; Admiflion of fuch a Principle, hitherto unknown and unpraftifed in any other Part of the World, would at once annihilate the Right which the Company have acquired by Treaty to the Sum ftipulated for the Conqueft of the Rohilla Country ; fince the Vizier might juftly refufe to difcharge it if our Commander in Chief fhould refufe to proceed in his Operations, in cafe of the King's joining the Enemy in Perfon, no i'rovifion having been nude for fu h an Event in our Engagement with the Vizier, which, on the Part of the Company, was exprefsly for the Conqueft of the RohilU Country. Meflrs. Lawrell and Graham beg Leave to record their Objeaions to this Refolution as follows : We are of Opinion, that we mould not oppofe the King, mould he appear in the Field in Perfon to affert his Pretenfions to any Part of the Rohilla Dominions, but leave it to the Vizier to fetisfy his Claim by Negociation. To attack the King with our Forces is to ftep farther forth in the Caufe than we have Reafon to believe he would do in his own; for whatever Opinion we may ent-rtain of the Int'ufnciency of the King's Title to the Empire, or of the Emptinefs o f his Character, the fame facred Veneration which is by all Nations paid to Majefty, is obferved towards him by the Subjects of Hindoftan : The Principles arid Tenets or' their Religion influence them in g;nfral to this Attachment and Allegiance 5 and the Vizier has in particular a powerful Motive in Policy for his per- fonal Attachment, for he can never attempt to depreciate the Title or Character of the King, which nothing can teftify more ftrongly than his appearing in Arms againft him, without virtually leflening his own Dignity and Reputation as his Vizier ; a Circumftance which, we apprehend, would neither fuit with his private Pride nor his public Ambition. We are firmly of Opinion therefore, that the Vizier would not himfelf draw his Sword hi Anger againft the King, and we know of no fuch indifpenfable Call upon us as to in- cuce us to do it fur him ; befides, we are yet ignorant what Degree of Attention or Re- gard nuy have bem paid by his Britannic Majeftv's Minifters to the Miffion of Major Morriion, and we think we fhould be cautious of taking any Steps at this critical Junc- ture of the Company's Affairs, which may be liable to driw down oa them or ourfclrei the Dif^leafur* or Cenfure of his M-jefty's Government. James Lawrell, J. Graharc. The APPENDIX, K 27. The Prelident remarks on this^Occafion an Irregularity in Colonel Champion's addreff- ing his Letter to the Brelident and Council, when by his Jnitru&ions he is directed ta correfpond with the Select Committee ; he oblVrves, that by dividing his Corrsfpondence betwsen the Two Boards, he muft leave his Informations to either very imperfect, belidts fabjtiting himlVlf perhaps to receive Inftrnctions from each Board feparately, which may ti-nd to dtftwy the general Confiftency which ought to be preferred in his Conduct and Operations. It is for this Purpofe chiefly that the Selecl Committee was inftit'utcd, and particularly charged with the Political Branch of Administration, having ic ft. 11 in their Power *o refer to the Board, in Cafes of gr.-at Nicety, or to which they judge their Power does not extend. He therefore propofcs that the Commander in Chief be defired for the future to adorefi his public Letters to the Select Committee, or to the Prefioent, accord- ing to his o-igin^l Inftructions. The Board concur v,ith the Prefidfnt in his Opinion and Propofal, and a?ree that Co- lonel Champion be directed accordingly ; and in the intermediate Time, until the Com- nun.ier in Chief fhall have it in his Power to conform to this Oroer ; Agreed, That any future Letters received from him on the Operations of the War, addrelied to the Board, be opened, confiaered, and anfwcrej, by th; Select Cotn- mit'ee. The following Reply Is now fent to the Commander in Chief: To Cclcnel Alexander Champion, Efquire, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Prtfidency. Sir, We have received your Letter which you addrefled us of the ^th Inftanr. Your Objections to the new Proocfal of the Vizier, for cantoning the Troops at Bi/Touly inftead of Birelly, as it was firft intended, appear to us fo well founded, that we cannot but approve of your urg'ng them to him in the Manner you did ; and a though your Remor.ftrance had not the defited .Affect, ytt it would ferve to fix the Blame en- tirely on himfelf, fliould any Prejudice to his Affairs arife from the Meafure. As to the xefr, we approve of your Compliance after fo proprr a Remonflrance, but forbear faying any mote on this 'ubjecls, as your later Advices to the Prefident in- lorrn us of you; having actually marched towards Biffouly, in confequence of the Vizier's Requifuion. In your Inftruclions we reftricled your Authority to the military Operations, leaving the Direction in alt < ther Cafes to the Choice of the Vizier j however, for the future we think it proper, confiding jn your Difcretion, to inveft you with the Option of refufing Compliance with the Vizier's Requifitions, when they may endanger the Troops, or leave them at his Mercy. In this Light we advert to the Objections which you have fiated againft the cantoning cf the Brigade at Biffouiy. If that Plac', or any o;her which he rray prefcribe for that Purpofe, fhall be liable to expofe the Army to Sicknefs or Diftrefs for Want of Pro- vifionF, or to have their Communication cut off from thofe Countries, from which they- can be fupplied with Provifions, we hereby authorize you, in fuch Cafe, to ait on your cwn Judgment, and ei-her to return to the Station originally propofed tor cantoning at Bareliy, or to any other equally rl-gibie in point of Healih and C 'miriun'ication } con- fulting however,' as far as you itill can do it under fuch Circumftances, the Inclination of the Vizier. We hzve thus applifd the general Latitude here given to the particular Cafes you have repielented to us with refptft to cantoning the Troops ; in ail ctners we mufi recur to the original Conditions agreed on with the Vizier, namely, that in all Points but fuch as in mediately relpetl the Operations in the Field, he is foiely empowered to prefcribe. Whenever you fliould deem it necelFary, en the Grounds above de:cribed, to deviate from this Rule, and to acl by vour own Authority, in Centred dion to his, we expect that you be able to furniih us ftch Rrafors as fhall vindicate this Government in fupporting jour Meafures, in Oppcfiticn to the Power which we have hitherto conienteJ to leave ia the Hands of the Vizier. We were fully aware from the Firft, of the Difficulties which mi^ht arife in the Exe- cution of the Viz-er's Proj'dt of fubduing the Rohilla Country, as well as from his Temper as from Circurr.ftances independent of him; and we flatter ourfelvts we have it fuffidently in our Power to provide apainft them. In the Cafe of an Oppofilion from the King, or Kus'iiffCawn acting for him, we have a clear Line to purfue; as we have no Know- le.ge of any Treaty of Partition between ihe King and the Vizier, we can take no Cog- nizance APPENDIX, N 27, liizance of the Sreach of it. Our Engagements with the latter are to aid him in tha Conqueft of the RohHIa Country ; ar.d if he is opppfed by Nuc*jifr"Cawn, or the King himfclf mould perfon-liy ir.tcrfere, you are to pay no Regard to either, but fteadily and invariably profecute the Tenor of y^i.r oiiginal Inflections agaihft all Opponents, of what- ever Power or Character they my be, We cannot cuter ain fo bad an Opinion of theVizier, as tofuppofe him capable of adt^ng in avowed Breach of a Treaty : but it any Pica ol that Kind flic-uld be made lor centering our Righ: to occupy any Part of the Rohilla Country yet unconquered, it will be proper to put the Queflion to him, Whether fuch Treaty does exift or not ? If he ihould acknow- ledge fuch a Treaty, >ou muft undoubtedly abiiain from further Hoftilities in Abetment of his Breach of Faith : But we repeat, that though in Reply to a Queftion propcfed by you to us for your Inftiuction, we have thus given you our Opinion, yet we do not ap- prehend the Poffibility of fuch a Cafe occurring; and if the Vizier /houJd deny having engaged in fuch a Treaty, we can neither authorize you to examine the Icentlty of it, nor do we A-e by what Means you could invefligate the Truth. This will not be underftood to piecliule you from Diving us any Information which may come to your Knowledge on every Point of this Nature. Ccnfidering our Ri^ht to the Sum ftipulated for the ptcfent Service as now fully acquired, we have recommended to the Prefident to make immediate Application to the Vizier, for the Payrrent of the 40 Lacks ; and he will inftrutt his Agent at that Court accordingly. As we do not mean to infift on the Vizier's paying the Money on Demand, we wifli to leave the Time and Conditions of Payment tp a Ncgociation between him and the Agent ; in which the latter will he dired their Families, as y u may think the Occafion to require. From the Aeadi.nefs which the Vizier teftificd in a former InfHncc, to be influenced by your Advice and Perfuafion, we flatter ourfclves we may expect the f n Extract of their Proceedings lonel Champion upon the Occafion " 8 nere recorded, with th Letter from Colo- eel Champion referred to. APPENDIX, N 27. ExtraS of tie Schfl Committee's Proceedings, tie ^dJunt 1774. Th: Prefident lays before the Beard the Letter written to him by Colonel Champion, dated the a8th April, and referred to in the Letter from Colonel Champion to the Board, now referred to them ; an Extract of One from the Prefident in Reply, dated ^^& May j an Extract of another Letter to Colonel Champion, dated the 28th May, ^ivrittten on the Occafion of a Reprefentation made by the V>zier upon the fame Subjeft : And he defires that thefe may be read, before the Board enter on the Confideration of the Letter addrefTed to them by the Colonel, as they contain particular Matters relative to the Claim of Prizej Money, with which it is necefiary the Board fhould be acquainted before they can form any general Determination upon the Subject : And as they exprefs in the fulleft Manner the Senfe entertained of it by the Prefident, as already declared to the Colonel him felf, he waves for the prefent any further Argument upon the Demand made by Colonel Champion} but hopes their Judgment upon it will be dscifive, and their Orders peremptory. To the Honourable Warren Hafting*, Efquire, Governor of Fort William. LaftNightl fent you a Plan of the Bat'le fought by the combined Armies againtl the Rohillas, and am now to inform you, that fmce our Arrival hare this Morning a very un- expected Circumftance has happened, Soon after our coming to this Ground, which has only the River between it and the Fort of Peelybeet, a Report was circulated by fome of the Inhabitant*, that there are near Four Crore of Rupees in it. This came to the Hearing of the Troops, and to me, through Field Officers, with a Reprefentation of the Propriety of examining into the Truth of the Report, in Duty both to the Company and to the Army. - Though I was fatisfied in my own Mind that there could be no fuch Sum in the Place, and was extremely averfe to make any Enquiries into the Matter 5 yet, when I reflected, that if it fhould afterwards prove true that there really was fo much Treafure in the Fort, which fell in confluence of the Victory obtained over the Enemy by the Force of our Arms, I might be fubject to the Cenfure of Government for Inattention to their Intereff, as well as to that of their Army, I went to the Nabob, and fignified to him what 1 had heard ; telling him at the fame Time, that if there were Lacks of Crores in the Fort, a Rupee fhould not be taken away by my People; that let the Sum be never fo great, it Should all be delivered to him, unrier th'is only Condition, of repealing whatever the Ad- miniftration and he fhould determine upon as juft and equitable. In confequence of this Converfation, it was agreed to fend Lieutenant Colonel Leflie, Major Hannay, and my Secretary, and Three of the Nabob's principal Gentlemen, into the Fort, to take an Account of the Treafure which might be found. Having according- ly gone, they found Hafiz Ramit's Family in the greateft Mifery j his eldeft Son affured them there was no Money in the For', excepting a Trifle in the Zinana. His Story hav- ing every Appearance of Truth, the Gentlemen commiffioned gave Belief to it, and as they rery properly held the Women's Apartments facred, they did not make any Attempt to fearch there for Treafure, and returned, wuh the moft earned Entreaties of Interceflion for the unfortunate Family of Hafiz. In this Matter you ate not to enrertain the moft difrant Sufpicion, that any Part of our Troops weredifpofed to wanton Enormities. The utmoft Requeft was, that by afcertain- ing the Treafure, it might be put in the Power of the Board, in cafe of any considerable Sum being found, to determine how much the Services of thefe Forces entided them to j fo that you may reft fatisfied of the good Temper of the Army, which I ailure you gives jne the utmoft Heart-felt Pleafure. I ihould be glad, however, to know the Sentiments of the Board, how far they may think their Troops entitled to any Share or Confideration of Treafure, &c. ftould any Thing confiderable be found during the further Progrefs of their Conquefts, either in the Field or Garrifon. I ana with Refpecl, &c. Camp, ofrpcfite Peelybeet Fort, (?igd) A, Champion. zSth April 1774. 4> / B*tr*S Extraft of Letter from the Honourable the Governor to Colonel Cbamphn, dated May zijf t 1774- " Hitherto every Part of your Conduct has met with my moft entire Approbation; but there is one Subject, which in fome Meafure alarms me ; the very Idea of Prize Money " fugged to rry Remembrance the former Dif;>rders which arofe in our Army from this " Source, and had aJmoft proved fatal to it ; of this Circumftance you mutt be luffic.eruly apprifed, and of the Necefilty of difcouragtng every Expectation of this Kind among *' the Truops ; it is to be avoided like Poifon. However, in cafe any confiderable Cap- *' ture fhould attend your future Operations, I think you cannot purfue a better Conduct " than that which you intended ; to determine nothing yourfelf, but acquaint the Board with the Circumftances, and wait for their Dacifion." A true Extract. (Signed) James Browne, Aid de Camp. Sxtrafl cf a Lttifr from tbe Honouralh the Governor to Colonel Cbampltn, dated May 2%tb t 774 " I have received a Letter from the Vizier, complainicg of the Claim you made to ' fearch for Treafure in Pelibeet. I have already expreffed my Sentiments upon the Subject of Prise Money to the " A: my ; the 'in'ty Inftance wherein our Troops, in the prefent Service, could have any " Pretenfions to it, by the Cuftoms of War, would be in the actual Affault of a Place " by Morn> ; in every other Cafe, it is clear that the Capture becomes the fole Property " of the Power carrying on the War. In the Inftance of Pelibeet, which made no Sort '.' of Defence whatever, but fell, with the whole Rohilla Country, into the Hands of the " Nabob, in conleq'ience of the Victory, we had no more Right to frarch or interfere at " all jn the Riches it contained, than we had to ranfack every defencelefs Village or Houfe in the open Country for Plunder. 11 It is true, that our General obtained that Victory, and our Troops bore the Brunt of " the Action; but fuch was the Tenure cf our Engagement with the Vizier; in confi- " deration cf which he ftipulated to pay a certain Sum to the Company, and to bear the " whole Ejtpenre of the Service. His own Argument is unanfwerable r.n this Subject. ' If we deprive him of the Fruits of his Conqueft, we infringe the Agreeme t upon which " the Expedition was fet on Foot; and he has a Right, on his Side, to refufc the Pay- " ment dipulated to us, beciufe he depended on the Fruits of his Conqueft to enable him " to make that Payment. I muft here remark, that the Particulars of this Ttanfaetion* " as mentioned by the Vizier, bear a very different Appearance from your Account of it} *' and that where I approved of the Conduou, as a Member of rh~ Administration, an Extract of the Paragraph of the General Letter of t4th December 1765, in which you will find (what it would feem you did not fufpefl) a pofitive Prohibition from the Court of Directors agaiofl all fuch Stipulations for the future. This Plan, iniieprndent of Argument, muSt appear conelu r v on the Point, You vi!l therefor*- take the proper Method to convey a pofifive and firm Declaration to the Troops, that they ire no; 10 e*pc& any Share of the Riches acquired bj the Vizier in APPENDIX. N 27. their Conqueft. Indeed, the Conference* which you fignify to us are to be apprehend* ed from our refofing this Gratification, are fufflciently alarming ; but at the fame Time, were there DO other Reafon, the very Appearance of fo dangerous a Spirit in the Troops, would determine us to oppofe it in the Beginning ; and we rely on your Conduct and Firmnefs, and that Subordination and firict Difcipline which Experience has taught ui it has been always your Pride to maintain, for enforcing, with the Support of your Se- cond in Command, and the other Field Officers, thefe Orders, and procuring a complete Acquiefcence in them from *11 the Officers and Soldiers of the Army. Indeed we are perfuaded, that the general Difpofuion is to Obedience, however a few unruly Spirit* or unthinking Men may have exprelled different Sentiments. We are forry to find you imagine the Vizier does not entertain a proper Senfe of the Service of the Army in this Campaign ; al hough he may not have tefttried it directly to them, we can afiure you that he has not bsen wanting in his Letters to the Prefident, in Expreflions of the warmeft Sort, both as to their Behaviour and the Services which they hve rendered him. It is not in the Manners of the Eaftern Princes, to fignify directly to the Troops their Satisfaction in them ; and very probably the Rumours which pre- vailed of the Treafurers which he had acquired, prevented the Vizier from exprcffing his Senfe of it in private Converfation, kit he fliould raife Expectations which it was not in his Power to gratify. We conclude with recommending, in the warmeft Manner, that you exert yourfelf ia bringing the Troops to a proper Difpofition on the Subject in queftion ; that you difcou- rage, in future, thcfe occafional Reports of Riches and Treafure found by the Vizier, \vhitharegenciailyfounded on idle Rumour, and the Cupidity or Self- Intereft of Indi- viduals, and which can only tend to miflead the Soldier into Hopes which can never be realized, and until Notions in la him very incompatible with his Duty and Proieflion. Fort William We are, with fieem, &c. 3 d June 1774. _,, R , . , The Board, in Juftincation of their Conduft, which fee m to be f \ ' refleded upon in the Paragraph of Colonel Champion's Letter, where " y , n A- he fa > s > " That they muft not have forefeen a!! the Advantages re- e o 1 ri " " Citing to the Vizier from the Conqueft of the Rohilla Country, l * " otherwife they would have made further Conditions with him, both P lon * " on account of the Company, and of the Army j" think fit to cb- obferve, that they believe they had every real Advantage in Speculation, which could trife from it ; but they ne ther had, nor have they even at this Time, any Idea of thofe im- anenfe pecuniary Acquifuions which in the Imagination of the Army Suja Dowla has obtained. The Board are convinced, from a Confideration of the geographical Bounds of the Country, the fmall Amount of its Rvenue, and the Circumftance of its having Wen the Seat of War for Two Years pair, and of its having keen plundered by the M- rattas, that no Treafures could exift to fuch Extent as Colonel Champion rtprefents to have been found by the Vizier, or as he is faid to be in purfuitof: Thty therefore could found no Stipulations upon fuch Notions j At the fame Tinie, if the Vizier mould have drawn moie Advantage from the Conqueft than they forefaw, the Board are happy in thinking it will better enable him to fulfil the Engagement under whicn he was already bound, and give them good Groui Js for infixing on immediate Payment. Ordered, That a Copy of thefe Proceedings be fent for the Information of the Select Committee. Read, The following Letter from the Commander in Chief; To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqj Prefident, and Council of Fort William. Gentlemen, Col Champion ^' s Excellency tlie Nabob Vizier, having requested that your Army denies Leave to may canton at this plsce tjl1 after 'he. enfuing rainy Seafon, I have, in come down compliance with the Spirit of your Instructions, aflented to his Defire, and have ordered Cantonments to be erected with all poflible Expedition. There is is not a fingle Enemy in Armj throughout all thefe Countries, fo that the Service of the Campaign is effectually over. After the Rivers mall have fwelled, the Army will not be able to ct in :he Field ill the Beginning of Dettmbtt J nd as the 4 Situation APPENDIX, N 27. Situation of my Affairs very prefllngly urges the Neceffity of my Prefence at Calcutta, It am to requeft you will favour me with your pernaiffiion to return to the Presidency, and to commit the Charge of the Army to Colonel Galliez in my Abfence. Camp at Bifibuly, I have the Honour to be, &c. loth May 1774. (Signed) A. Champion. _, , Agreed that Colonel Champion be permitted to return to the Presidency, The following Letter of Licence is therefore written to him : To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Presidency, Sir, ,. . In Compliance with your Requeft of the loth Ultimo, you are permitted ! e P y to return to the Piefidency whenever you think the Circumstances of the Campaign, as well a* your own Convenience, can allow you. Fort William, We are, with Efteem, &c. 3d June 1774. ExtraEl of Bengal Se'eff Confutations, l$tb June 1774. The Prefident lays before the Committee, Extract from the Confultations in Secret De- partment of jd June. Read, the following Letters from the Commander in Chief, under Date the aid and joth May. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, Notwithstanding what his Excellency the Vizier told me of an actual Agreement hav- ing taken place between him and Nizif Khan, reflecting the Seizure of Feisulla Khan and his Treafure, as mentioned in my Letter to the Board of the i6th, I have difcovered that none had been concluded : ift, Becaufe Nizif Khan refufed to undertake that Ser- vice without my Approbation as Commander of the Englifh Army; and, 2dly, Becau,'* Feimlla Khan has got to fuch a Diftance, and into fuch a Situation, as rendered it un~ advifable fo late in the Seafon to attempt any thing effectual againft him, efpccially at Nizif Khan's Affairs make it neceffkry for him to haften to Dthli. Abaulat Khan, an o!d Servant, and a Creature raifed by the Bounty and Patronage of Nizif to the Office of Prime Minister, hss insinuated himfelf into the King's good Graces, and turning Traitor to his old Matter and Benefactor, has been at great Pains to imprefs his Majefty with unfavourable Opinions of Nizif Khan, hfomuch that the King feems to withdraw his Confidence from him. The chief Caufe of the King's DiSTatisfaction at Nizif Khan, is, his Refufal to put Agra and the adjoining Country into his Majefty's Pofieflion ; for which Nizif giv:s thi Reafon, that his Majefty had promifsd him a Third of the Conquefts he Should make o defray the Ejipences of his Troops, and as a Gratification for his own Services ; that in- ftead of adhering to this Engagement, his Majefty had given Grants to his Court Mi- nions, and Flatterer*, of the Countries which Nizif had conquered by his Bravery; that his Troops had followed him from Affection, and the Reliance they had on his ASTurance of Sharing Part of his Acquisitions amongft the-n ; and that his Majefty, having paid no Regard to his royal Word, had alfo made him (Nizif Khan) too frequently fail in his, till at laft, in Juftice to bis Troops and to himfelf, he was under the Neceffity of endeavouring to be his o'wn Paymaster, by retaining PoSTeSTion of Agra and the Country of the Jotts. Since our Arrival here, Niz ff Khan received the News of a Victory obtained by a Body of his Troops over the Rajah of Jenagur, by which a Country, yielding a very large Re- venue, has fallen in r o his Hands. I know not whether it is that the King it j?lous of our Intentions in Aipporting th Vizier, in bringing Conqueft fo near the royal Refidence, or whether it is Sufpicions of the Seeming Cordiality between Sujsh and Nizif, that has laid hold of Shah Allum's Mind ; but fo it is, that Nizif Khan intercepted a Letter from his Majefty, addreSTed for Sumro, inviting him to his Service ; and there are certain Accounts of his having actually arrived at Delhi with Three Battalions and Eighteen Piece) of Cannon, The APPENDIX, No 27. The King, it is faid, has alfo fent circular Letters to the Maratta Chiefs, the Se'krJ and Coflim Ally, to join hi Standard, and enter Hindoft^n. Tbofe Meafures, if his Ma- jefty has really adopted them, do not proceed from any favourable Difpofition toward* ujj or to our Ally the Vizier. In confequence of thefe Advices, I have adJrefied me to the King, afluring him of our faithful Attachment to his Majefty f and fignifying to him, that his employing CoiTim Ally Khan and Sumro, whom he knows are extremely odious to his Friends, the English, feem to indicate a lefs Degree of his royal Favour than we hoped his Maje(*y entertained for the Company} and that I was confident his difmifiing thefe villainous Vagabonds from the Prefence, would be highly agreeable to the Englilh, as well as profitable to his Ma- jefly, fmcc they could not fail infidioufly to infect his Mind with unwholefome Advice. Nizif Khan, apprehending fome Danger to himfelf from the Cabals at Court, and being, I really believe, firmly and faithfully attached to the Englfli, has privately given me his Promife to ufe every Means in his Power to overturn thele Intrigues. I will, faid he, for my own Security, endeavour to lay hold of the ungrateful Man that has prejudiced my royal Mafter againft me, who am and have been his moft fa'rhfjl Servant, and, in Fact, for fome Time paft, the only Suff of his Support. As a Proof of my Gratitude to, and F'iendftnp for, the Company, I will allb ufe every Endeavour to fecure Sumro, and lend him to you dead or alive. With thefe Affuranccs he has de- camped from hence a little Way this Morning, on the Route to Delhi ; and as I have placed People about him, I expeft to have regular and authentic Advices of his Pro- ceedings. The Copy of the Agreement between the King and the Vizier, for the Divifion of the Rohilla Country, has not been fent down, owing, I prefume, to his Majefty's Diftruft of Nisif Khan. This faithful Chief has not however neglefted the Intereft of his Royal Mafter, hav- ing managed Matters fo with the Vizier, as that Zabidy Khan accompanies him to Delhi, in order to be prefented to the King. His Majefty is already in Poflefiion of a very large Share of this Chief's Country, re- taken from the Marattas ; the Seiks have the reft, excepting of about Five Lacks a Year, which ftill remain to Zabidy Khan himfelf. Ke is at prefcnt under the King's Dif- pleafure j but I am informed it is intended to reftore him to the Royal Grace, and confirm him in his Dominions, on Condition of fwearing Fidelity to the King, and paying a large annual Tribute. Nizif Khan has a numerous Army on Foot ; and as he leads them to Battle himfelf, they have Confidence in him, which renders them very formidable to the Country Powers. The Marattas are his inveterate Enemies, and will no Doubt aim at crufhing him. It is with you, Gentlemen, to confider how far it may be proper to countenance and fupport him. In my Opinion, his Power is very growing ; and as I have not the leaft Doubt of the Sincerity of his Gratitude and Attachment to the Company, I think our Connection vith him might be improved to the Advantage of Government. He is a very proper Man to divert the Marattas from approaching too near our Frontiers ; and if he is fuf feted to remain in Quietnefs a Year more, he will be fully a Match for them. I have the Honour to be, Camp, BifTouly, Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, 21 May 17741 Your molt obedient humble Servant, A. Champion. Since writing the above, J h?ve feen the Nibob Nizif Khan, who fliewed me a Letter* that Inftant received, in his Majetty's own Hand, dcfiring his immediate Attendance. He is at a Lofs to conceive the Caufe of fuch Urgency ; but fuppnfes it may proceed from a Dilcovery of fome fmiilcr Views, of his ill-adviiers. Nazif haftens to his Majeftj. A.C. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Seled Ccinmittee at Fort William. Gentlemen, I have derived much Pleafure from your Favour of the gth current, and in confequenca Of your having communicated my Letter of the 24th Uiiimo to the Bcaid, the Army ha been honoured with a Compliment from them. RBP.V, F f Since APPENDIX, N" 27. Since the iSth April, I have been frequently conftrained to addrefs the BoarJ, Gentlemen, as we'! as the Governor, on Subjects which I confider of the higheft Importancs. I am extremely defiroos of receiving full and explicit Anfwers to my Letters, that I may clearly know how to conduit myfelf. I am, with Refpefr, CanriD. Bifljuly, Honourable Sir, and Sir, 3oth May 1774. Your moft obedient humble Servant, A. Champion. Agreed, That the following Reply be made to him. To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Prefidencv, Sir, We hive dufy received your Letters of the 4th, lift, and -jcrh May. To the Q^eflion repeated and explained in your Letter of the I4th, it is become almoft ofinecefiary at this Time to reply, for the Purpofeof infiructing you on the Meafures which you flinuld purfue in cafe of the Event which you fuppofe, as the Army muft of courfe re- main in its prefent Quarters, until the Seafon of the Year fliall favour its Return withi'n our own Frontier. Neverthclefs, to obviate even the Poflibility of fuch an Event hap. pening at a Period in which you may be in Doubt, from the Inftruftions before you, what Condutl it may be proper for ynn to obferve, we think it expedient to inform you, that it is our Intention invariably to perfevere in the Profecution of the Defjgn on which we originally engaged in the prefent War, to the Term of its Accomplifliment ; it being our Wtflj. and confident with the Intereft of our Employers, that our Engagements with the Nabob Sujah ul Dowlah may be continued fuccefiively without Alteration, to the Perfons of his lawful Succeffors, as we hope their Intereft will ever prompt them to feek and to merit the Alliance of the BrittJh Nation. We therefore cireft, that notwithstanding any Changes of Circumfiances which may happen, you fteadily perfevere in the Line which we have already laid down for your Conduct, until you receive our future orders, or thoi'e of the Board to the contrary. Although we do not think ourf:lves qualified to judge of the Diff.-rrnces which have ariien belwefn the Two Minifters of the King, we fee no ill Confequencr s likely to befal our Affair? fiom any Attempts of Nizif Cawn to leflen the Power or Influence of his Rival Abdul AhedCawn. We are at a Lofs to account for the Concern which the Vizier feems to have taken in thefe Quarrels, which mav psrhaps be better explained by the Tenour of his Engaeements with Niziff Cawn, for the Participation which you inform us he has made with that Chief, or with the Kin^. of the Territory of the Rohillas. We approve of the Coun- tenance which you hive fhewn to Niziff Cawn, but n?ed not caution you againft affording him any Aid of our Forces for the Execution of his De figns. Fort William, We are, S r, the ith June 1774. Your moft obedient humble Servants. The P.-efident alfo lays before the Committee, the following Letters from Colonel Champion, and the Rtfident of ihe V.zier's Court, addretTed to him. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident of the Council, and Governor of Fort William. Si', Under Date the aift Inflanr, I a.quslntcd the Sele-Jt Committee, that the Vizier had not carrier! any Han tor the S-i/^re of Fuz-illah Khan in;o Execution. Since that Time I received general Proportions from riin-,, to throw himfelf upon the Faith and Protection of the Englifii , when 1 communicated this Information to the Na- bob, he proiiofed that 1 ftiouid for.d oft" a Detachment to i the Committee for their Approbation and Concurrence; To Colonel Alexander Champion. Sir, I am now to reply to your Let'er, dated the zSth of May. The following are rrsy Sen- timems on the Propofuions which have been made to you by Abduran Cawn, on the Part of Fuzulla Cawn. The Firft is not to be liftened to. It would be a direft Violation of our Treaty with the Vizier. The Second muft depend fohly upon the Vizier; and if it is not agreeable to him, we could neither compel nor infill upon his ace-ding to it. The Third is exactly the fame with the Second, with the Difference only of offering Money to the Company for influencing the Vizier ; for which Reafon I would of theTwo> prefer the Second to the Third, becaufs fuch an Agreement rriuft become public, and a Conduct of this Kind would breed perpetual Diftruft in the Vizier, againft every future Advice which we mould give him. Thefe are my particular Objections to the feveral Propofitions. But I have one general Objection to the whole of them, which is, that they are diametrically oppolite to the Principle on which tbe Rohilla Expedition was on our Pait undertaken, which was not merely on Account of the pecuniary Acquisition of 40 Lacks of Rupees to the Com- pany ; for although this might have been an accefiary Agreement, it was -by no Means the chief Object of the Undertaking. We engaged to ailift the Vizier in reducing the Rohilla Country under his Domin'ons, that the Boundary of his PofTfflions might be compieted by the Ganges forming a Barrier to cover them from the Attack and Intuits to which they were excofed, by his Enemies either poffefTing or having Accefs to the Rc- fcilla Country. This our Alliance with him, and the Neceflity of maintaining this Al- liance fo long as he and his SuccefTbrs fnall deferve our Protection, rendered advantageous to the Company's Intereft ; brcaufe the Security of his PofTefTions from Invafions in that Quaiter, is in faft the S-curity of curs. But if the Rohillas Country is delivered to Fazulla Khan, the Advantages propofed from this Meafore will be totally defeated. The fame Objections from the v*izier will take place againft him, as againft Hafez Rhamet j he will be actuated by the fame Principles of Self Defence, and the fame Impreffions of Fear, to feek the Protection of other Powers againft the Vizier, and of courfe will create the fame Jealoufies snd Sufpicions in the Mind of the Vizier ; with the ad- ditional and ftrong Incentive to a mutual Animofity, of an enormous Debt, which pro- bably Fezulla Khan will find no other Means to get clear of, hut by engaging in Hostilities againft the Vizier. I cannot fubfcrihe to your Opinion, of the Vizier's being unable to maintain Pcfle/Iion of the conquered Couivry. It is at leaft certain, that there is a much greater Pro-ability of his maintaining Poffcfiion of it, fuppoited by the Refources of his Hereditary Domi- nions, and the Credit of the Englirn Pro'eflion, even without our aclual Intervention, than that Fazulla Khan fliould maintain the Poflefiion of it ; a Man of no Repute, without natural Power or Intereft, and unprovided with every Means of Self defence. The Board undertook the Rohilla Expedition on a firm Conviction both that the Vizier would be able to maintain his Conqueft of it, and that it would rmke his other Do- minions more defenfible. For the Rcafons before afiigned, and with refpecl to myfelf, I declare, that if I had net been morally certain of the Juftnefs of this Reafoning, I would not have confentfd to enter upon the Enterprize at all. Upon the whole, my Opinion js- th?t inftead of foliciting the Vizier to reh'nquifli his Conqueft to Fazulla Khan, every Argument flH'UJQ be ufed to dilTuade him from fuch an Intention j and it is my DeCre you will APPENDIX, N 27. will difcourage it as much as is in your Power. I make no doubt but, from the Expia. wation 1 have given, you will be convinced both of the Propriety of adhering to the Principles laid down, and the Neceffity of acting with Conftrtency. Excufe me for adding, that if we differ our Attention to be drawn off from our grand and principal Defign, by every adventitious Alluremenr that may prcfent itfti'", our Conduct muft prove defultory ; and we can adhere to no regular Plan, nor propofe any certain End to cu Purfuiu. You mention the Necefiity the Vizier will be under, of conftantly having a Brigade of our Troops with him, as an Argument againft his retaining the Rohilla Country, which you have repeated in feveral cf your Letters. But I fliould be forry to regard this Circum- fiance in that Light. It has always been my Wiih, it was a principal Realcn afiigned by the Board to the Court of Directors for cur joint Undertaking with the Vizier, that a Third Part of our Army fhould conftantly be employed in his Country, becaufe it would keep them from lofing Difcipline and Vigour by Inaction, would prove an Encourage- ment to the Officers and Soldiers, would fave the Company a confiderable Expence, and perpetuate the Dependance of the Vizier upon our Alliance. This Circumftance there- tore cannot operate as an ObjeVion, flnce it is a principal Advantage propofed by the Adminiftration to refult from the Meafures they hav2 adopted. If it could have had any Weight againft the Extenfion of the Vizier's Territory, ic wouM have prevented the Un- dertaking entirely, and precluded you from the prefent Command, and the Honour you have acquired in it. I cannot fuppofe, that you mean the Reasoning which you have at prefent adopted on this Subject, as a Reproach to the Board for having formed a Defign which, by your Argument, muft defeat itfelf, even with all the Succefs that could attend it; but ic is aftonifhing that this Confideration fhould have efcaped you, fince, by the frequent Recitation of this Argument, you have undoubtedly been cafting the fevered Reflections on the Meafures of Government, which, right or wrong, we muft now main- tain, and which I ftill think founded on the foundeft Policy ; and I truft the Event will prove them fo. The Seiks are at prefent at too great a Diftance, and too much engaged in their own Affairs, to give any material or lafting Oppofuion to the Vizier; nor are the Marattaj likely to get freed from their own internal Divifions, or the Effects of them, foon enough to renew their Pretenfions in the next Seafon. But even, although the Reafon for ex. petting a Junction of the Seiks and Marattas with Fazulla Khan were well founded, neither this Alarm on the one Hand, nor the Temptation of the Eighty Lacks on the othtr, ought to have a Moment's Influence with us to deviate from the Line prefcribed for the Undertaking. With rel'oefl to Fazulla Cawn, he appears not to merit our Confideration. The petty Sovereign of a Country eftimated at 6,jor 8 Lacks, ought not for a Moment to prove an Impediment to any of our Meafurfs, or to affect the Confiftency of our Conduct. I own It was my original Wi/h, that the King, or Nidjiff Cawn on his Part, tfiould have been included in the Participation which has sdtually taken Place cf the Rohilla Dominions, as it would quicken the Iflue of the War, obviate one Source of Competition, and ftill keep the Connection of Intercft between us and the King, and between the King and his Vizier, might be induced to accede to a new Participation, by an Exchange of the Duab, Jo be give."i to the King in lieu of the Territory of Zabitah Cawn. If my Memory does not deceive me, this Phn was recommended by me to the Vizier in Perfon, when the Ruhilia Expedition was firft concerted at Benares; and I own I wilh it to take place. This, you will obferve, is but a Confequence of the original Principle of completing the Boundary o* the V z'er's Dominions. This Letter has been communicated to the Members of the Select Committee ; and I arn authorized by them to declare their Concurrence with the Sentiments exprtfle4 in it. I am> Sir, &c. Port WMIIam, Warren Haftingr, the J7th June J774 W>n Alderfey, P. M. Dacres. APPENDIX, N 27. Extrafi of Bengal Secret Consultations, tie totb Junt 1774, Read, the following Letter from Colonel Champion i To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, and Council, of Fort William. Gentlemen, I am favoured with your Letter of the 9th Inftant ; and I have (hewed the Laurels before your Tioops with the fame Liberality and Munificence you (o juftJy beftowed them. I deem myfelf much honoured in fo ample a Teftimony of Approbation 5 and I remain, with Rsfpedl, &c. Camp, BilTouly, (SigaedJ A. Champion, joth May 1774, Bengal Secret Confultations, ifl July, 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haflings, Efquire, William Alderfey, and Philip Milncr Dacres, Efquires. Re. ill, ;he following Letters from Colonel Champion, under Dates the jth and nth June; that of the nth, inclofing Tranflations of Two Letters from the Wife of Hafix khamet, and a Representation from Mahebullah Khan and Futtulah Khan, Son to the bte Doonoy Khan. To the Honourable Waricn Ha/lings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Sele& Committee. Gentlemen, I am honoured with a Let'er from the Soard, under Date the 2jd paft ; and in Reply thereto I am now to addrefs myfslf to you. With regard, Gentlemen, to the Option of refufmg Compliance with the Viaier's Rfquifuions, when they mall be fuch as may endanger the Troops or leave them at big Mercy, which feems to be the Import of the Board's Letter, I cannot, with SubmiiTion, regard this as any Extenfion of Power to me, becaufe it is an Authority inherent in, and which I have always confidered as abfolutely infeparable from my Command. My Letter therefore of the 4th was net an Application for Authority to prevent the Vizier's expofmg the Army to the Ri/k of Deftrudlion at his.Pleafure, but that he might be difempowered from even fubjtfting them to any the lead unneceflary Hard/hips or Dif- trefs ; and moreover, that I mi^ht be inverted with full Authority effectually to prevent; his perpetrating any Enormity under the Shield of our Force, that could in any Degree re- dound to the Difcredit of our Reputation. Berelly would have unqueflior.ably been a much more eligible Situation for the Troop* than this Place, and though I fhould therefore have been extremely glad to have remain- ed there, yet as we are in daily Expectations of the Rains breaking upon us, and a" the Cantonments are now ready, J think it unadvifeable to move from hence without an indifpenfible Nectflity, which I hope wli be obviated by the Ptecauticns which have been taken. With regard to theConqueft of Zabidy Khan's Country, I am very glad that fuch ex- plicit Inftruftions have been given ; tor I muft confel?, that if the Treaty (which 1 have Rrafon to believe does exifi) had been prefcnted, I would probably, circumftanced as I was, have flayed Operations till 1 iliould have received fuch Orders as the Board have now fent; more efpecially after Information or the Circumftances mentioned in my Letter of the lift paft, to the Governor, of the King's having been in Pofltflion of great Part of that Country a considerable Time ago; and my Reafon for bringing that Part of the Treaty with the Vizier for Half the Rohilla Country, under Review, was, that I thought it not imp oilibk that Claufe iright be laid hold of rather than commence Ko:ti!i;is ag- |rft hit APPENDIX, N 27. h:s Majefly, fince the 40 Lacks were already indifputably du:, One of the Alternatives in which it was ftipulated being duly fulfilled. In compliance with the Board's Uefire I am now to mention a very unpleafing Subj-ft, the Vizier's Treatment of the Family of Halez Rarnut, &c. the Inhumanity and Diiho- nour with which Mihebulluh Khan his Bro'her, Fittiullah Khan, late Pioprieiors of this City and Country, and their Families have been ufed, is knovvn over all thefe Parts } a Relation of them would fwell this Letter' to an immenfe Size, and withal prove very dif- agreeable reading. I fend you Translation of Two Letters and Copy of the Third, which, affefting as they are, will convey bat a faint Idea of the Treatment thefe unhappy People have met with. I could not help compsffionatin fuch unparalleled Mifery; and my Requefts to the Vizier to fbew Lenity were frequent, but as fruitlefs as were thofe Advices which I almoft hourly gave him, regarding the Definition of the Villnges, with refpeft to which I am now conftrained to declare, that though he always promiled as fairly as I could wifli, yet he did not observe one of them, nor ceafe to overl'pread trie Country with Flames, till Three Days after the Fate of Hafiz Rhamet was decided; but, Gentlemen, " as in all Points excepting fuch as immediately refpect the Operations in the Field, he is folely empow. " ered to prefcnbe," the Reputation of the Briciib Name is in his Hands, and the Line which has been la'd down for me is very clear. The above Families have been difpatched to Fyzabad, that their Maltreatment might not be fo generally known to us ; I have> however, frrquent Accounts of them, and it will give me the moft fenfible Pleafure, that you ftretch forth the Hand of Benevolence effectually to relieve them from fo undefcribable a Mifery ; and that you may the better devife the Means of fo doing, without fubjefting them to greater Misfortunes, I am to in- form you, that every Application of mine in their Favour, though profcfledly taken in good Part by the Vizier, yet only ferved to procure them more rigorous Treatment. I ftiali, without Lofs of Time, make the Demand for the 40 Lacks, ftipulated by his Excellency for the Services which your Troops have performed, and commit the future Management of that Bufmels to the Refident, to whom I /hall be always ready to lend my- .Advice and Support. Hitherto I have only been able, with Middleton's AfTiftance, to obtain Two Months Subfidy for the Troops, fo that the Nabob is now near Two Months in Arrears ; but J am unwilling to countermarch the Troop?, left 1 might be taxed with too great Precipitancy efpecially as he has faithfully promifad to pay orTthe Arrears. I remain, with great Refpetf, Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, Camp, lath June 1774. Your moft obedient humble Servant, A. Champion. Travjlariort of a Letter from a Wife cf the late Hafe Rkan-.et Kban to Colonel Cbanpio* The Englifli Gentlemen, renowned through Hindoftan for Juftice, for Eouity, and compaflionating the miferable. Hafez Rhamet Khan for Forty Years governed this Country, and the very Bealis of the Forefts trembled at his Bravery. Tbe Will of God is refiftlefs : He is flain, and to his Children not an Atom remains, but they are caft from their Habitations, naked, expofed to the Winds, the Heats, and the burmim Sand and periling for Want of even Rice and Water. How (hall I either write or fpeak my Con- djtion f my Sighs dry my Ink and fcorch my Paper. 'Tis evident, as the Sun, the En>- llft are brave, and merciful, and whofoevcr they lubdue, their Children they prefcrve, who forget their Sorrows by the kind Treatment th;y receive ; nor draw they the Sword in an unjuft Caufe. Yeiterday I Wds Miftrefs of an Hundred thoufand People To-day I am in want even of a Cup of Water, and where 1 commanded I am a Prifoner. Fortune is fickle, {be raifes the Humble and lowers the Exalted ; but I am innocent, and if any one is guilty, it is Hafez. But why fliould the Children be puni/hed for the Errors of then- Father > I am taken like a Beaft in a Snire, without refting Place by Night, or Shade by Day. From you, Sir, I hope Juftice and Compafiion, for I am as a Bird confined in a Cage ; 'tis better to give u ? Life by the Dagger, than famifh thus by Hung-r and Thirfr. You, I hope, Sir, will reflect on my State, or my Miifortunes will be doubled. 1 have nothing left. Pardon this Paper. R. E. Roberts, Per, Interpreter. APPENDIX, NO 27. Traction of a Refrefeatatkn from MabutuJab Kban and Futty U:lab Klait,' Sont of tbt late Dotndi Kban t to Colonel Champion, Commander in Chief i received the $d June 1 774. Your Petitioners, in confluence of Letters from the Nawab Vizier, remained in this Country ; for he being Lord, regarding his Protnifes we mould be benefited, otherwife we mould have fltd, as the other Chief* did, and have preferred our Characters and Ho- nouis; thefe he has taken away with our Effects, and how he hat difljonoured us is known to all. Now with our Wives and Families we are confined and fent away to Fay- zabad ; thofe who have fled have carried their Lives and Reputations with them, while we, who remained here on the Nawab's Promifes, have loft both. Therefore weaddrefs you, that you who fear God, will for his Sake releafe our Families and felves from the Con- finement, and place us in your own Service, and by the Favour of God our whole Lives fhall be fpent in your Servitude; your Name alfo will be renowned, and it will be a fin- gular Juftice that you have fet us free. The Nawab knows not of our writing; per- haps regarding our Condition, what you think juft for us, will from your Favour be or- dained. A true Tranflation, R. E. Roberts. The Prefident informs the Committee, that on the fuft Mention made by Colonel Champion, of the Cruelties exercifed by the Vizier upon the Family of Hafez Rhamet, he fent Inftrutions to the Refidenf, of which he begs Leave to record the following Copy, which he flatters himfelf the Committee will judge to have been the moft likfly to prove effectual for the Relief of their Difbefs, and the only Means which, on fuch Occafion, he could have taken to have influenced the Vizier to a more generous Conduct. Extrafi of a Letter from the Prtfdent to Mr. Nathaniel MM/eton, dated fjtb May 1774. Colonel Champion complains of the Conduct of the Vizier, in fuftering, and even in ordering his Troops to ravage the Country, and in his cruel Treatment of the Family of Hafez Rhamet. This it a Subject on which I cannot write to the Vizier ; it might wid* n the Breach between him and the Commander in Chief, and poflibly influence the Nabob to fome private Revenge on the unhappy Remains of Hafez Rhamet' s Family. I defire therefote that you will take an immediate Occafion to rerhonftrate to him againft every Aft of Cruelty or wanton Violence: The Country is his, and the People his Subjects j they claim, by that Relation, his tendered Regard and unremited Protection. The Family of Hafez have never injured him, but have a Claim to his Protection, in Default of that of which he has deprived them; te:I him, that the Englifli Manners are abhorrent of every Species of Inhumanity and Opprefiion, and enjoin the gentleft Treat- ment of a vanquiflied Enemy ; require and entreat his Obfervance of this Principle to- wards the Family of Haffz ; tell him my Inftructions to you generally, but urgently en- force the fame Maxim, a/id that there is no Part of his Conduct will operate fo power- fully in winning the Affections of the Englifli, as Instances of Benevolence and Feeling for others. If thefe Arguments do not prevail, you may inform him direclly, that you hive ray Orders to infift on a proper Treatment of the Family of Hafez Rhamet, fince in our Alliance with him, the Reputation of our national Character is involved in every Aft which fuhjeth his own to R.-proach ; that I /hall publicly exculpate thi Govemnnenr. from the Imputation of aiTenting to fuch a Procedure, and mall referve it as an Objec tion to any future Engagements with him, when the prefent Service (ball have been ac- compliftied. Agreed, We write him as follows : To Colonel A lexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Prcfidencj. Sir, We have received your Favour of the gth and nth Ultimo, fince we wrote you laft. "With reeard to Meer Fette Ali Cawn, faid to be Son of the Nabob S.^oc Aii Cawn, we defire that he may be fuflered to remain in your Camp until you may receive further Orders concerning hiin, wkh. an Allowance of Rupees zco fer Mouth, which you re RE*. V. G b bereoy APPENDIX, N 27. bertoy authorized to pay him, and in the mean Time, we recommend that you make the proper Inquiries for afcertaining his Identity as being the Son of Sadoc Aly. We obferve what you write on the Subject of the Inftructions, conveyed to you in a Letter from the Board of the ijd May j and in Reply, we will venture to fay, without flopping to examine what are the Powers inherent in your Command, that it was not fo much the Intention of the Board to alter or extend thofe they formerly granted to you, as to intruft you on the Points concerning which, in your Letter of the 4^h, you requefted their fpecial Direction, which they have accordingly given in the moft diftinct and ex- plicit Manner, boch in the particular Cafes fpecified by you, and by defcribing the general Circumflances on which they were willing to allow you a Latitude to deviate from the Line laid down by your Inductions. Had they underload your Letter to contain an Ap- plication for fuch Powers as you have explained in your laft, they could not have hefitated an Inftant to deny their Affent. So abfolute a Controul over the Actions of the Vizier, we conceive, does not refide in the Adminiftration itfelf, much lefs can it be delegated to the Commander of the Army. A full Authority effectually to prevent his perpetrating any Enormity under the Shield of our Force, would have been in fact to have rendered him fubject to that Force, and to the Perfon who directed it, and we fhould have become his Mafters inftead of his Allies. The Commander in Chief, in fuch a Situation, would alfo become the Arbiter of Pezcs and War with the Vizier ; fince a Cafe might occur where Force alone could turn the latter Afide from lome favourite Project, of which the other difspproved, and his Power would leave him at Liberty to employ it. At prefent we ftand thus with the Vizier ; we have engaged to fupport and affift him in a fpeciftc Service, and flipulated for a certain Compenfation to the Company; when that Service fhall be per- formed, the conquered Country, its Riches, and Inhabitants, and all other Acquifitions, muft be at his Difpofal, nor have we a Right by our Agreement to interfere; if indeed it mould happen, that elevated by Succefs, and fecure under frur Protection, he mould in the Exercife of his Authority commit fuch Enormities as we fhould deem unworthy of the 1 Character of our Ally, we would then not fail, in that Cafe, to remonfirate againft them, and take fuch other Steps as /hould appear beft adapted for bringing him to a more juft Senfe of Propriety in his Conduct ; but we fhould not efteem ourfelves either obliged or entitled to interfere with Authority, or to put Power into the Hands of our Commander in Chief, effectually to prevent any Meafure in the Management of his own Affairs, whith he /hould think fit to purfue. After this plain Expofition of our Sentiments, refpedting your Situation with the Vizier, together with the Inductions, both general and particular, which you already poffefs, we iflatter ourfelves, that few Circumftances will occur hereafter wherein a more immediate Reference to us will be wanting for the Rule of your Conduct. However, when fuch happens, we ihall be ready to afford whatever further Explanation you may deem ne- ceflary. The intemperate and tyrannical Condufl of the Vizier after his Conquefls, as you have reprefented, cannot fail to prove highly diffitisfactory to us ; and although we do not regard ourfelvcs either as anfwcrable for his Actions, or obliged abfolutely to interfere for retraining them ; yet we (hould have been glad to have been furoifhed with fuch Ma- terials at would enable us, upon good Grounds, to expoftulate with him on the Injuftice and Impropriety of fuch a Conduct. It was in this View that we requefted you to ac- quaint us with the Inftanccs of his Cruelties; but we confefs ourfelves exceedingly difap- pointed in receiving, inflead of a precife Account of Facts, only Three Letters of loo-fe Declamation, \vhich, however pathetically wr.tten, contain not one Tingle Inftance of the Viziet's particular Cruelty towards the Family of Hafe/., and indeed exprefs only fuch Sentiments as we can eafily conceive to exift in the Breads of that unfortunate Family, from redacting on the d<\ Reverfe of their Fortune alone, without luppofing any peculiar Hartlfliip in their Cafe, or uncommon Act 6f Oppreffion in the Vizier; for this Reafon, we repeat our Defire to be furnifhed with a particular Account of the Treatment which the Family of Hafez Rhamet has received, and we (hall then take fuch Steps for their Relief as the Circumftances ihall reqerire. In the mean Time, we hope that the Remon- /trancec which the -Pretident informs us he rus diiected the Refident to make to the Vizier on this Subject, will be fufficient to render any more direct Interpofition needlef?. We conclude with taking Notice of an- Expreffion in your Letter, which, in our Judg- ment, conveys a Reflection equally improper and unjuft. It is that in which you fay, the Reputation of the Britifh Name is in the Hands of the Vizier." If this were the Cafe, we who put it into his Hands, would undoubtedly ftand refponfible to our CounUy and Employes for '.he wanton Pioftitution of fo precious a Truft. But we do not agr t e,' r.hat- APPENDIX, N 27. that we have in any Shape left the National Honour at his Difpofal, or that the Briti/h Name can be aft'eded by any of his Actions, independent of us. Our Engagement! with the Vizier are clearly defined, and fuch as we can juftify on Principles of found Policy, and Attention to the Company's Intereft. We afford him our A fiiftance ; .our Honour we commit into no Hands but yours : Where we trufl it it perfectly fafe ; and that by your Cunduft in the Field, and by maintaining Order and Difcipline among the Troops, the Britifh Nam? will acquire new Luftre, and the Campaign be the Means of fpreading more wide our National Reputation, unconnected with that of the Vizier. We further muft obferve on this Head, that if the Britifh Honour is In the prefent Cafe in any Manner committed, it muft be from the Treaty itfelf, and not from the fub- fequent Operations in Execution of it. It then would have been more candid, as ic would certainly have been more likely to prove effectual, if you, who, as a Member of the Board, had full Communication of the Porport and Extent of our Engagement with the V'zier, had ftartrd that Reflection, before you undertook the Conduct of a Bufinefc fo likely to bring Difgrace on our Name; a Confequence which, we believe, never en- tered into the Imagination of any Member of the Board at the Time; nor czn we now ice any Caufe to apprehend it. Fort William. We are, Sir, lil July 1774. Yours, &c. Warren Hafttngs, W. Alderfey, P. M. Dacre*. Extrafi sf Bengal Stleft Ccnfultatieits, l^tb July, 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq. Prefident, William Alderfey, and Philip Milner Dacres, Read, The following Letters from Colonel Champion, dated the xtfth, ijth, ie'J, and a4th June, with their fcveral Enclofures. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident, &c. Member! of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, I have the Honour to enclcfe you, Tranfluion of a Letter received from his Excel- lency the Vizier, in confequence of my Application to him for the 40 Lacks due to the Company for the Conqueft of this Country by your Troops. I ana, with Refpecr, Gentlemen, Camp, Your mod obedient humble Servant, l6th June 1774. A. Champion, Extrafi of a Letttr from tie Nataa! KzJtr, te Cdontl Ckemfion, Commander In Chief. In this Biifinefsof the Rohillas, previous to the prefent Time, I conferred with Mr. Haftings, and agreeably to what was agreed on between us, and what was written on the Subjeft, I will aft. For Payment of the atorefaid Money promifed, I am ready and prp pared, and the faid Sum due is now in my Charge, whenever the Englifh Troops {hall completely and entire y have perfected my Affairs, and I ftiall think proper to difmif them j then, when I difmifs them, the Sum of Forty Lacks of Rupees, agreeably to my Sormer Engagement, /hall be paid, R. E. Roberts, Perfiaa Interpreter, C g To APPENDIX, N 27. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Prefident, &c. Members of the Selel Committee, Gentlemen, Herewith J tranfmit you Copy of Sha Allum's Anfwer to the Addrefs preferred by me to his Mojefty, as mentioned in my Letter to jou of the aid May : with it be pleafed alfo to receive Copy of the Engagement entered into with his Majefty relative 10 the Conqueft of thh Coun&y, which Treaty is faid to be written on a Leaf of the Koran, and likewife Duplicate of a Letter from Nizif Khan to Sumro. The Poftcript to the Royal Letter is written by his Majefty himfelf. I have to obferve to you, that in my Addrefs to the King I made no Mention of any TranfaHons between him and (he Vizier, direftly or indireclly. At prefent I conftrue Nizif Khan's Letter as a Snare for Sumro, from the extreme Anxiety which runs through it; or perhaps it owes its Origin altogether to the Machi- nations of Abdulaid Cawn ; for this very Day I had feme Proof of Nizif Khan's Fidelity, is fending to Camp one of the Men who deferted from us. I am, with Refpecl, Camp, Beflbuly, Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, jjth June 1774. Your moft obedient humble Servant, A. Champion. ExtraS of a Later from tie King to CalontI Cbatrp'.. As we imagined that the Correfpondence fo Ions carried on by Zoolfocca ul DowIaU with Sumro was by your Approbation and Confent 5 and it happening thar our Brother, dearer than Life, the Vizier, was employed in bringing Hafiz Ramet * % awn to Piiiiiib- rr.ent, and that we have alfo given Permiflion to our well-beloved Zoolfucca Dowlah t > join him in this Expedition, and the Difturbanees amongft the Seiks was come to luch a Height that they ravaged the Environs of the City, and had for 7 or 3 Months placed Tannahs of their own in the Purgunnahs belonging to our Khalfa, and plundered and burnt Shahuddura, with a View to the Expediency of the Times, which rendered the Punifhment of the Seiks necefTiry, and alfo the Separation of Sumro from Nole Sin^, and that he might not join with the Enemies of the Empire, fuch as the Marattas, Seik<, and other Rebels, we determined for the prefent to grant Sumro a Pardon, and lend h>m to puni& the Seiks, and releafe Kurnaul, Panneput, and Surhind, which they hal tifurped : Accordingly, Three Days after he was admitted to an Audience, we ordered him on this Expedition. Do you, our faithful Subjeft, in concert with Colonel Gallics, deliberate on the Means of promoting our Intereft, and caufe a Brigade to be fent to the Pteience. Our Brother, dearer than Life, the Vizier, has not performed any Part of the Treaty he entered into, and fent to us writte.: on a Leaf of the Holy Khoran, although, by the Blefling of God he has been victorious, and acquired immenfe Wealth and Territories. Perhaps he has fo'got his Oath : Do you remind him of it, and fend to the Prefence from yourfelf the Proportion ftipulated to us. Be affured that you have a Place in ou? Kemembrance. ExtraS! of Bingal Selett Confultationi, the jyb July 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, William Alderfey, and 7 _., . Philip Milner Dacres, 5 tl ^ uire Extraff of Letter from tbe King to Cdanel Champion. We fend yon a Copy of a fealed Treaty entered into by the Vizier, written on a Leaf if the Holy Khoran, and fent to the Prefence for your Information. Notwithftanding which he has not delivered us any Part of the Wealth, Country, Artillery, Elephants, &c. which by the Bktfing of God he has acquired. Copy APPENDIX, N 27. Cofy of a Treaty made by tie Nabob Sujab vlDovilab, written on a Leaf of lit Holy Kboran, God hath faid, " Keep your Treaties, and I will abidr by my Promifes." Confidering my Subjection and Obedience to his Majefty Shaw Allum as a Blefling and Happinefs, I engage to God that I (hall ever have at Heart the zealous Discharge of my Duty to my gracious Matter in all hi* Affairs, but more particularly in eftabli/hing and fup- porting his Empire, in defending his Life, Honour, and D gnity, and in keeping the Secrets of his Government. His Majefty may refide at Shawjehanabad or Ackberahad, it is entirely at his own Option. I (hall reprefent nothing contrary to his Inclinations of fuch new Territories, as I may wreft from t k e Pofleffions of Ufurpers, exclufive of the Jaghiers attached to the Vizier's, and thofe held without any Conditions. One Half 1 (hall deliver up to his Majefty, and the other I (hall take to defray the Expence of my Troops. I fliall afford due Aid and Afliftance to the Officers employed by his Majefty. The attached Property and the PeihcuOies of the Rajah's, &c. /hall be a Part of thr Royal Revenue. 1 he Friends of bis Majefty fliall be my Friends, and his Enemies my Enemies. Thofe vho are in his Majefty's Service I (hall not entertain in mine; I (hall tranfa&no Bufinefs contrary to his Majefty's Inclination ; and on Condition that Abdulaid Cawn flull prove fteady in his Loyalty to bis Majefty, and in his Friendfliip and Attachment towards myfelf, I {hall certainly be the Guardian of his Honour, Reputation, and Life j fuch Faults as Muged ul Dowlah may have heretofore committed I forgive, and I (hall not give Ear to the Jnfinuations of infidious Men regarding him, without fully afcertaining them. Calling to Witnefs God and his Prophet, the Five Holy Perfonages, the Twelve Imaums, and the Fourteen Maflaurm, with whom may the Blefling of God reft. I have written thefe Articles on a Leaf of the Holy Koran, and will not hereafter deviate or depart from what I have written. To the Honourable Warren Haftingi, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of Ac Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, Candour towards the Vizier having induced me to fhrw him the Copy of his Engage- ment fent down by his Majefty, his Excellency (hewed me this Morning the original Counterpart, of which I enclofe you a Tranflation. The Vizier fays, that by not coming in Perfon, the King has forfeited any Benefits which he could claim under thefe Engagements ; and that he received Fifty thoufand Rupees in Part for travelling Expences. The Writings are now betore yon, and will fpeak for themfelves ; and as that fent down by his Majefty feems acknowledged by the Vizier, I beg Leave to refer you to the yth Paragraph of the Board's Letter to me of the jijd May, and to defire you will honour me with explicit Inftruclions refpe&ing the Im- port thereof; that is, whether, or how far, that Treaty is to be at all regarded by yeu. J fend you a Perfian Duplicate of the Nabob's Letter concerning the 40 Lacks j and am with Refped, Honourable Sir, and Gentleman, Camp, 2pth June Your moft obedient, 1774. humble Servant, A. Champion. Tranfathn rf an Agreement under tit Seal of Shab Ahm, written on the Back ef a Leaf of the Khoron, delivered iy the Nawat Vtxitr to Colonel Cbanpion, Coir.mandtr in CbieJ, ZOtbJur.e 1774. In the Name of GcH, merciful and compaffionate, Whoever if Fiiend of the Nawal Vizier is my Friend; his Enemy a!fo is mine. From the Viziares the Bathing-Houfe, that is, the Superintendary of the private Au- dience Chamber and Train of Attilkrv as heretcfoie; while the Empire endures, will I never difmifs him of whatever new Dominions may come into his Poffeffion, the fixed Appendages of the Vizier's excepted. 1 will confer One Half on him for the Mainte- nance of his Forces. His Dependants and Servants I will not entertain ; but will regard and defend his Life, his Character, and his Honour. I have given the Province of Oudd as an Eftate to him and his Children ; and Half of what new Countries may be conquered I will bfftow. And to no Perfans whatever will I give Efiates in this Half a of APPENDIX, N 27. t' the concurred Countries, or in the Province aforefaid. God and his Proj.her, the Five holy Perfons, the Twelve P.iefis, and the fourteen Children, are called to witnti's for the Satisfaction of the Vizier. I havr g ven this Writing on a Leaf of the Sacred Koran, that henceforward I may not depait iron. it. Written on the i^th of Mohurrum, in the Year ef the Higera 1177, the 15^ Year of our Reign. .R. E. Roberts, Perfian Tranflator. Cofy of a Ltttir frcm tit Vix.ltr to the Cihr.e!. I have received your Letter, and am acquainted with what you write concerning the 40 Lacks of Rupees, on account of the Conquert of the Rohillas. My Friend, this Matter was fetcled between Mr. Mailings and rr.e in a former Con frrence ; and I am ready to pay the aforementioned Sam in thelvlanner fyecified in the Treaty between us. God willing, when the Englilh Troops have concluded my Bufmefs, and 1 think proper to dif- roift them, I will, at the Time of difmiffing them, give them the Sum of Forty Lacks, according to my Agreement. The Prefident lays bifore the Committee the following Extract from Mr. Middleton, In Reply to the Inftruftions fent by him to that Gentleman, and recorded in the laft Proceeding. Extraffifrcm Mr, Natb. Middltton"} Letter to the Prefidtnt, ebicd Bi/ouly, ijtb June 1774. Although I cannot by any Means acquit the Nabob of the Charge which the Com- mander in Chief alledges again!* him, on the Score of his Treatment of Hafez Rhamet'i Family, and his wanton Ravages of the Country, I can almoft venture to affirm, that his Conduct in thefe Particulars would appear on a Scrutiny to have been lefs culpable than Colonel Champion has been taught to believe. To you, Honourable Sir, who are not unacquainted with the Pride and Haughtinefs of the Nabob's Demeanor, it will not appear extraordinary that he fliould have more Enemies than moft other Men ; even his own Servants are very frequently the firft to afperfe his Character, and to acccfe him of Actions which, with all his Vices and Imperteftions, he is incapable of committing. The univerfal Prejudice and Diffitisfadlion which his denying the Army a Gratuity they had built with Certainty upon, has raifed againft him in our Camp, has laid open another Source of unjuft Calumny. Hence, Sir, I am induced to hope, that Colonel Champion, relying too implicitly upon the Aflertions of every one who has thought it neceffary to add to the popular Prejudice, rp.ay have viewed his Excellency's Conduit through a partial ^Medium. Although I might mention many Circumftances, to prove that my Aflertions re not merely ideal, hut drawn from real Fafts, I think it unneceflary to take up your Time with more than one. Soon after our Arrival at Beflbuly, a Report was propagated, and obtained almolt univerfal Credit, that the Vizier had, in Ureacb of the facred Laws of the Haram, forcibly entered the Zenanna of Mahubella Cawn, and wantonly violated the Chaftiry of his Daughter ; and, to make the Crime appear fiill in a more heinous Light, it was confidently aflerted, tha'. the unhappy Victim, unwilling to furvive the Difgrace, had facrificed her Life to teftii'y her own Innocence, and redeem the Honour of her Fa- niiiy. The Story carrying with it the Colour of Probability, and artfully related, with iuch aggravating Circumftances at could not fail to excite Pity in every, humane Brcaft, a general Clamour was foon railed againft the Nabob \ and as People, who were indirtcrent to the ErFefts of his Difpleafure, did not fcruple to reproach him with the infamous Ac- tion to his own Dependants, the Report wa? no: long in reachin); his Ears. The Unrafi- Jieij he macifefted on the Gccafion, and the anxious Defire he (hewed to acquit himfelf of fo dishonourable a Charge, by his unremitted Endeavonrs to difcover the Author, would have furnifhed ftrong prefutnptive Proof of his Innocence ; but when it was notorious that i>is Excellency at that Time had never been in Mohibilla Cawn's Houfe, that his Effects were left untouched, and that the Daughter who was fuppofed to have fallen a Sacrifice to his Pleafures, was yet in being, I rould be at no Lofs what Degree of Credit to bcftow upon the Information. The other Proofs, if required, might have been drawn from the peculiar Circumftances which at that Tiwe marked the Nabob's Situation. The Severity with which the Nabob latterly treated Doondey Cawn's Family, my be accounted for, and, in my humble Opinion, io fome Meafure j-iftified, He always con- APPENDIX, N 27. filtered them as Prifoners; but until sn Appearance of Treachery and Deceit on their Part haJ ^iven him Caufe of Difpleafure, he did not beiray anv Refentment: On the contrary, although Guards were placed upon their Houfes, to prevent any Tnings from being carried away, every Liberty of Accefs and Egrefs was allowed them, al'hough denied to the Family of Hafez Rhamet ; and I am perfuaded they would have retained PofTef- fion, at leaft of all their prefent Errefts, had they not abufed the Confidence he had repofed in them, and attempted to fecrete their Property. This Procedure effectually clofed every Avenue to an Accommodation with Mohibulla Cawn; and thofe who are acquainted with the Jmpetuofity and Violence of the Nabob's Temper, feem lefs furprized that his Ex. cellency ftiould deprive this Family of every Thing they poflefTed, than that Mohibulla Cawn's Infidelity fhoulH not have coft him his Head. The Family of Hafez have not merited fuch Treatm-nt ; though I think it probable they may have fuffcied for the Mifconducl of others. They certainly have been impro- perly neglected, and have fuffcred much Diftrefs and Inconvpniencie? for Want of proper Accommodations in Camp; but my own Knowledge does not fornifh me with any In- ftances of Cruelty or Violence wantonly exercifed upon the;n. I have the Satisfaction to find, that I have in general anticipated your Inirruftions on thcfe Subjects in Favour of Hifcz Rham^t's Family. I moil eafneftlv folicited the Nabob, at the Time 1 acquainted you with the Son's having delivered himfelf up ; and he aflured me a Jaghier, which wouH afford a handfime Provifion for their Maintenance, mould be allotted them ; but as he thought it probable, that the fuftering Rohilhs of former Ran.'c and Confluence, to whom the natural Inhabitants might be attached, to remain in tl- Country, might prove a Bar to thr Eltablifhment of his own Authority, and lay th Foun- dation of future Trouble*, fuch Perfons as had any Claim to his Confidsration fliould 1 be provided for in his own Three Provinces, or in his newly-acquired Hofleffions in the Dooaub, when he could ba a Spy and Check, upon their Adtions. The Family of Hafiz Rhamet and Dooniiy Cawn, together with a namsrous Train of Dependents, were removed a few Days sgo, tin ier the Efcort of Nabob Salar Jung, t,- Fayzabad, there to remain untl his Excellency's Arrival. From what I have been able to learn, I have Reafon to believe that proper Injunctions wete laid upon Salar Jung, re-* ~fpeting the Treatment of thefe unhappy People ; and as 1 fhatl be with the Vizier when he determines their respective Deftinier, reft affured, Honourable Sir, I will not be inat- tentive to your Commands. On Reference to the original Letter to the Vizier, containing the Conditions which he agreed to, and required for the Service of the Brigade on the Rohilla Expedition, Copy - pofition to his Rjval Nedjif Cawn, whom he has feen fupported by the Vizier and his Government. In this Light Nedjif Cawn appears to us the fitted Jnftrument to counteract fuch Meafures of the King as may be calculated to embarrafs your Operations. If you fee the Necefiity of fuch a Precaution, which we only fuppofe on the Grodnds which have bren afforded us, we recommend to you to engage the Services of Nedjif Cawn for this Pur- pofe, and to advife with the Vizier concerning fuch other Meafures as may be advifeable on the fame Subject. We believe it unnecelTary to caution you not to engage perfonally in any Deftgn which may bear the Appearance of an adverfe Difpofition towards the King, U'jlefs he fliould openly declare or aft againft us. We have already replied in Duplicate, by a Letter dated the T4h July to jour Letters of, the I jth and zoth of June, and conclude that you have received it. Fort William, We are, the loth Auguft 1774. Sir, &c. The Prefident delivers in the following Translation of a Letter from the Vizier ; From the Nabob Sujab ul Dowfa, 1 h->v; delivered to Mr. Middleton a Paper, containing the News which I have lately received concerning Coflim Ally Cawn and Jemmad ul Moulk : From thence you will 1? ?rn that his Majefty has fent Kellaats for Ihe above-mentioned Perfons, and that they drefled themfelvcs in them, and that he has alfo fent for them to the Prefence. I before wrote you all the Particulars of his taking Sumro into his Service. It appears thnt Ms Majefty has fent for Cofiim Ally Cawn and Sumro, and taken them into his Service, on account of their Enmity to the Engliflj, and that he fent for Jemmad ul MouJk to terrify me. You who, by the Blefling of God, are pofftffed of an enlightened Underftanding, will perceive the Event. When I reflect upon the Friend/hip fubfifting between us, I have no Apprehenfion from the Enmity of any one ; but I do not think it advifeable to ufe any Delay. It is very eafy to prevent thefe Meafures, and to fettle the Affairs of the Empire: It is not an Undertaking of (o difficult a Nature as to require any extraordinary Itffbrt tc drive all the Enemies of the Englifli, and all my Enemies, from the Prefence of the King, and to regulate the Affaiis of the Empire in whatever Manner may appear moft aHvifeable ; but as I take no Step without the Advice and Approbation of the Englifh Chiefs, I have determined to act in this Bufmefs agreeably to your Advice. My Friend, ypu muft not confider this as a trifling Concern : Although there is not as yet any Room fwr Apprehenfion, and it is as eafy to put a Stop to fuch Proceedings, yet it is evident that * loujl stream n>ty be flopped by a Spadeful of Clay : but when the Jame Stream is aug- APPENDIX, N 57, mented an Elephant cannot even pafs : An Affair of this Kind always inereafes. Mf Friend, I have written all thefe Particulars for your Infprrmtion. If you are defirous of putting a Stop to thefe Proceedings, write me a Letter to the following Purport : To drive all the Enemies of the Englifh, and my o\vn Enemies, from the Prefencc of the King, and to regulate the Affairs of the Empire in the moft expedient Manner. It you write me fuch a Letter, by the Blefling of God I (hall be able, in a ffiort Space of Time, and with the greateft Eafe, to execute this Bjfinefs. There is fo ftrict an Alliance between me and the Englifh Chiefs, that we are like two Bodies animated wiib, the fame Soul. Whatever you advife I will execute. I have written you all thefe Par- ticulars, that you may not fay in future, that J pegletfed to advife you of them $ I am entirely free from the Pofiibility of fu'h an Accufation. , N. B. A New>p.'p;r was received with the above Letter to the fame purport, To the Nabob Sujah ul Dowlah. 1 have received vour Excellency's Letter, concerning your having before informed m* that his Majefly has taken into his Service, and that he has lately fent Kellaats to, C.'fiim Ally Cawn and Jemmad ul Moulk, and invited them into his Service; which muft proceed folely from his Enmity to the Englifli, and a Defire of terrifying me; and irquefling, that I would quickly put a Stop to fuch Proceedings. I do not think it either advifeable or becoming for me to interfere in the Affairs of the King. If fuch Meafures are purfoed as are intended to prejudice your Intereft, O r that pf the Englifh Government, which are mutual, I rely on your Wifdom and Care to pre- vent their taking Effect : 1 his Conduct is confifient with the Station you hold in the Empire, and with your Allegiance to the King, whofe Affairs muft be ruined by a Per- Severance in the Syftem which his 111-advifers have lately pertuaded him to adopt. But I am of Opinion, that as you have now on your Hands an important Bufmefs, which will, I hope, by the Blefling of God, be fpeedjly brought to a Conclufion, it will h- better not to interfere at prefent. It is neceflary that you take no Steps in which our Interefts are mutually concerned, without confiilting Colonel Champion. The President lays before the Committee the following Letter from the Refident at the Vizier's Court ; advifmg him of his having deputed Mr. Grady to Fyzabad, to receive tle 15 Lacks of Rupees, due at this Time for the fecond Payment, on account of th$ Treaty at Benares. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqulre. Sir, The Hurry of preparing for the March has prevented the Vizier's addrefling you, at he intended, on the Subject of his prefent Undertaking, and has alfo deprived me of the Opportunity of requiring from his Excellency any further Explanation of his Views, than what I have already transmitted you. I ihall, however, embrace the earlieft Occafion, after the Hurry and Confufion, in which he is at prefent involved, has a little fubfided, to confer with him perfonally on this Subject, and (hill not fail to acquaint you with the Reiult. As there feems littl! Probability that any conclufive Stroke can be (truck againft Fuzula Cawn, before the Expiration of the Time limited for the Payment of 15 Lacks of Rupees, on account of the Ceflion of Corah and Allahabad ; and as I am convinced the Nabob would be unable to raife fo confiderable a Sum here within that Period, unlefs fome fudden Arquifiiion of Wealth ftiould yield him new Refmirces, I deemed it expe- dient to remind his Excellency of the Demand, and reouire him to fall on fome certain Means of obviating any Difappointment or Delay in the Payment. In Reply to which, he adored me he had taken the neceflary Meafures to guard againft any Failure ; and that he had every Reafon to expeft the Money would be ready at Fyzabad by the Time it became due. I have therefore, on the Faith of thefe Aflurances, and with the Na- bob's Concunence, deputed Mr. Grady, whofe Integrity and Difcretion I can entirely rely upon, to proceed immediately to Fyzabad, to receive theTreafurc, and to accompany it to the Preftdency, or to whatever Place you may be pleafed ro order it. I fhould have been pleafed to receive your Approbation of this Meafure previous to its Adoption ; but was unwilling to fubjeft the Bufinefs to any Delays, which it is in my Power to prevent. I beg Leave to lay before you the InftrufHons with which I have furniihed Mr. Grady, for the Direction of hit Conduft in the Management of this Truft ; and I perfuade pyfelf, that a prudent and qioftp unftaal Difcharge of it will fufficiently juftify my Choice. APPENDIX, N 27, Being, until now, ignorant of the Nabob's final Determination, I have omitted ta addrefs you on the Subjeft of an Efcort for the Treafure. To obviate therefore the Delay which would be occafioncd by my waiting your Command?, I /hall take the Liberty to requeft an Order from the Cbmmajider in Chief to Colonrl Muer, for fuch a Guard as may be deemed adequate to the Importance of the Service. The Brigade marched this Morning to Chundorfey, about Eight Cofs to the north- ward of Beflbuly j and the Vizjcr has moved out of Cantonments, intending himfelf ta proceed To monow, J am very Refpeftfully, Sir, Befibuly, Your inoft obedient, humble Servant, (he 3 ift July 1774. Nathan! Middleton. Warren Haftings, W. Alderfey, P, M. Dacres. "Bengal Select Confutations, tie 3,zd Augufl 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire. William Alderfey, and Philip Milner Dacres, Efquires. Read, a Letter from Colonel Champion, dated the agth July. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, My Letters of the JQth and i^th have advifed you that I had, in confequence of the Vizier's repeated Requifitions, agreed to take the Field with the Seapoy Corps, the Europeans, Grenadiers, &c. When my Intention of leaving the Regiment Cantonments were fignlfied to the Nsbob, he moft earncftly defired that I would march the whole Brigade^ The Precaution of having given early Orders for making up private Tents, and the Induflry which has been ufed, together with the little Afiiftance given by his Excellency, has enabled me to comply with his Defire } confequently no Part of the Troops will be left behind, except- ing the Sick, who are to remain in the Hofpital in the Fort of Beflouly under Cover of a Body of Troops to be lett as a Guard for his Excellency's Family. The Weather has been remarkably favourable for fevcial Dsys; and having got the necetfary Ammunition and Stores from the Boats, I will march To morrsw Morning. The Defign of the Enterprise, as formerly mentioned, is to reduce Fuzullah Khan, Or oblige his Forces to difperfe ; which, jr is hoped, will be effected by our Endeavours to cut oft their Supplies of Provifions. For that Purpofe I have recommended to his Excellency to make the neceflary Detachments, and alfo to endeavour to induce the neigh- bouring Rajahs to harafs the Enemy. Now that I have got Equigage for the Europeans, and have taken every Precaution to fecnre our Amrnunition, feveral of the Objections which I had to this Expedition are removed, and I am lefs fearful of bad Confequences to the Troops; but I thought it, notwithstanding, more advifeable to endeavour to difTuade his Excellency from profecuting the Meafure fo early in this Seafon : and I arco'd>ngiy \\rote him a Letter, of which I fend you a Copy, wheiein I made ufe of Rtafons that appealed the moft probable to influence him. The Rohillas are encamped about 18 Cofs beyond Nigilgur, in the Country of the Rajah of Synnagur, who> and the Rajah of Comaw and others, can bring a very re- fpeflable Force to the Field. Their Dominions, I am informed, extend confiderably into the Plains which run along this ; the South Side of the Range of Mountains mentioned in the Inflruilions under which I acl, and 'he Country to the weftward of Nigibgur, on this Si' J e of the Ganges, is alfo in PofTeflion of Gentoos. I have indeed been told, that the Rajahpoots have at Times been overpowered by the Rohillac, and obliged to make ihtni pecuniary Acknowledgment. ?rorn APPENDIX, N> 27. from his Excellence's Anfwer, you will perceive, that he eonfiders the Company bound to put him in pofleflion of all the Country between the Ganges and the Mountains, as well as that belonging to the Rajahpoots, as the Remainder of what was pofleffed by the Rohillas, whom he ferms to expert I am to chace from the Diilricts of the Rajahf, U>me of whom have already /hewn- Inclinations of favouring the Rohillas, by fupplying them with light Artillery, Grain, and other Neceffanes. 1 fhall fuppofe, however, that they are impelled to this by the Awe in which it is pof- fible they ftand of the Rohillas j and that upon our Approach, they may perhaps, through the Management of the Vizier, at leart withhold future Afliitance, if not even diftrefs the Enemy in the Rear. In anfwer to this Propofition, it is fufficient for me to fay, that I cannot take upon me at Haphazard to exceed the Board's Inductions in a Point of fuch Importance, as that of entering into Hoftilitits with, or over-running any Part of the Country of a People againft whom I have no Authority to War, unlefs in Self-defence. For thefe and other powerful Reafons which might be urged, I am determined not to enter the Diftricts of the Rajahs without your Injunctions. I cannot help thinking the Style of the Vizier's Addrefs fomewbat extraordinary, as well regarding his Engagements witn the Company as in other Rrfpects. I have thought it moft prudent to leave it to you, Gentlemen, to make fuch Reply to his Excellency through the Prefident, as may be judged expedient, and 1 hope to be favoured with a Copy of it. I am very defirous of receiving Reply to my Letters of the I7th and 2oth, relative to the Agreement between his Mijefty and the Vizier concerning this Conqueft. I delibe- rately weighed in my Mind, whether I fhould acquicfce in the Nabob's Requeft of moving higher up; I difcovered that my H:fitation gave him much Diflatisfaetion, and it was very perceptible that if I had perfifled in remaining here, he would have b:cn imprefled with Doubts and Jealoufies of the Sincerity of our Attachment towards him, which 1 was apprchenfive would be never effectually effected; but indeed his Conduct in advancing his Army above Thirty Cofs in Front of our Troops wiihout my Concurrence, rendered a Movement on my Part abfolutely neceffary, for the Reafon mentioned in my Addrefs of the jgth. Moreover, I am not acquainted that his Majelty has made any formal De- claration to the Adminiflration, nor has he hitherto attempted to fupport hia Claim by Force of Arms, although the Vizier has been in Poffsfiion of Seven-eighths of the Rohiil* Country about Three Months, and I hope therefore that the Motives which prevail with tne to comply with hisExcelleny's Requifition, will fee are to me the Honour of your Ap- probation. Should I And that the European 1 ; are likely to fuffer much from this Movement, I mean to leave them at Moradabad or Symbol, where, according to the Report of Officer* whom I fent to examine theie Towns, there is good Accommodation. If from the Intelligence which you receive of the Ttanfactions of the Powers by whom the Vizier fo confidently declares his Expectations of being attacked after (he Rain;, you think there is a Probability of i'S fo happening, and if you are determined to fupport him at ibis Diftanca rrom the Company's Provinces, I confider it incumbent on me to recom* ir.end, ihat another Brigade be ordered to proceed in due Time to the Frontiers. I wrote co the Preiident fome Time ago for a partial Supply of Camp Equipage; but in confequence of our taking the Field, I muft requeft that all poffible Djfpatch may be made in, lending up a complete fet of Tents (or Canvas and Twine to make them) for the Brigade, as it is probable the Tioops will not othetwiie have Tents to cover them in il.e cold Scafon. I remain, with Refpedt, Honctu.bie Sir, and Gentlemen, 2gth July 1774, Your moft obedieat Bcilouly. humble Servant, A. Champion. Agreed, we anfwer th; Colonel's Letter as follows : To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Prefi- dency. Sir, "We have received your Favour of the zgth Ultimo, with its Enclofures. We can only approve the Steps which you have uken in confequence of the Requifit'on of ths Vizier; the Diflanee precludes us from giving any Inflruftions for preventing the S ill A P P E to D I X, N 27: 5!! Effects which may be otcafitmed by the March of our Forces at fo anfeafonablc 4 Time. We implicitly rely on your Care to the Health of the Men, the Europeans efpe- cially, which we regard as the Object rrioft requiring your Attention in the prefent Cam- paign. We are very happy to learn that the Weather has been fo favourable to this Movement} fhould it however prove otherwife after you have received this Letter, and the Europeans become ficklyj we would rather approve of your hazarding fomething more in the Field without them, than expofe them to the fatal Effects of fo dangerous a Seafon ; and advife their being again cantoned in the moft elevated and healthy Spot yo'a can make Choice of. When the Board, in the Inductions given to you, defcribed the Line of your Opera- tions, and of the Territory which they intended to reduce for the Vizier, they had nO Idea of any Government fubfting within the Line of that Defcription but that of the Ro- hillas, If, however, as appears to be the Cafe from your Letter, there are Doubts uport this Subject, we know not on what Grounds we can decide upon them. As the fhorteft Expedient, we muft recur to our original Intentions, and declare, that we regard thtf whole plain Country between the Ganges and the Hills to be the Object of the prefent War, both fuch Diftricts as form an incontefted Part of the Rohilla Territory, fuch as have occafionally been held in a State of Independence. It would not anfwer our Purpofe to leave a mixed Dominion within that Space, and it would afford an infuperable Obftacle to the Profecution of the War, were we to admit of the Privilege of any Place whatever within it to afford an Afylum to the Enemy. If, therefore, the Vizier mail require your Aid in reducing the Frontier Zemindars, it is our Defire that you do afford him your Afliftance. If it mould be found neceflary even to purfue the Enemy within the Skirts of the Hills, in order to prevent their collecting frefh Strength, we would advife the Meafure, although we muft leave you the Judge of that Neceffity. The Letter of our Agreement with the Vizier, requiring us to proceed no fur- ther than to the Skirts of the Mountains, at the fame Time that we alTent to the Vizier's Rcquifition of our AlTiltance thus far ; yet we fhould be better pleafed that he chofe the Mode of Accommodation with the Zemindars, rather than to engage in Hoftilities againll them, when they may be by fuch Means avoided. We have read over the Vizier's Letter, but do not remark any Paffage in it liable to Exception, excepting only the Allufion repeatedly made to his own Conftruclion of his Engagement for the Payment of the Forty Lacks ftipulated for the prefent Service. This we think requires no Comment or Animadverfion, as the Letter andreffed to him by the Prefident on Ultimo, will, we hope, remove all his Doubts and Objections on this Subject. Concerning the Movement of another Brigade to the Frontier of Bahar, we fliall wait the Conclufion of the Rains before we take this Point into Confideration, as there is no Probability of your being difturbed by any other Enemy than that we have now on our Hands, till long after the fetting in or the fair Weather. The Prefident informs us, that he has already given Orders for the Camp Equipage of the 3d Brigade to be forwarded to you ; and a further Supply to complete the Number which may be required for your Brigade, /hall alfo follow with all poflible Difpatch, We are, Sir, Fort William, Your moft obedient the 22d Auguft 1774. humble Servants. The Prefident likewife informs the Committee, That he has received Advices that Ragonaut Row, having been abandoned by his Followers, has thrown himlelf into the Hands of Tuccooge Holcar and Madhegee Syndeah, who were conducting him to Poona a Prifoner ; and that the jnteftine Divifions, which have for fomeTime prevailed amongthc Mrtiatus, are by this Event to all Appearance entirely accommodated. Warren Hafting, Wm. Alderfey, P, M, Dacrw. APPENDIX, N* 27. Ext raff of Bengal Secret Confulfa!ioni t tbt V)tb Augujl 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efq; Prefident, William Alderfey; John Graham* Nicholas Grueber, EfquirJS. MeflVs, Dacres and Lawrell at the Committee of Revenue. v> D The Prefident lays before the Committee, a Lettef omm.ttee Proceedings ^. hg ' ^.^ f tfce Commander in on 7 Lack, be.ng offered to chjef e ^ fin j fr tbe ^ dated ^ glh the Army m the Field. Auguft: s To the Honourable Warren Hidings, Efqulre. Sir, Enclofe^ I have the Fleafure of fending you Copy of a Letter from his Excellency the Vizier, intimating his Intentions of making a Prefent of Seven Lacks of Rupees to the Army in the Field, in Proof of the grateful Senle he has of their Services. I cannot help expreiling much Satisfaction at this Inftance of his Excellency's Bounty, which is much the more princely, that it has proceeded ent rely from his own free Will and Liberality, and that too, at a Time when there was no Hope or Expectation of the Kind. His Excellency having himfelf made his Intentions public, I fignified them to the Field Officers agreeably to his Wiflies, for the Encouragement of the Troops ; but I at the fame Time gave to underftand, that your A (Tent is neceflary ; and I flatter me it will be given with much Cheerfulnefs, as it will be very agreeable to his Excellency, a proper Mark of Favour towards the Brigade, and at the fame Time a lafting Obligation conferred on, Sir, Camp at Sual, Your faithful Friend, &c. to Cofs from Pettergur, (Signed) A. Champion. 8th Auguft 1774. (The Europeans In good Health and Spirits.) defy of a Letter from tbe Vizier to Colonel Champion, dated tbe lafl of J-jmmadee ul Aivu! t and eaeftfed in that Gentleman t Letter to tbe Governor of tbe zd of Augafl, As the Englifli Brigade came from Calcutta to this Place on my Bufinefs, and th Gentlemen as well as the Brigade have fubmitted to the greateft Fatigues of Hardfhips in the Courfe of it, and have not yet received any Recompence or Gratuity from me^ nor have the Gentlemen exprefled^ny Wifh or Importunity on this Account, I have there- fore determined to give Seven Lacks of Rupees as a Gratuity to the Brigade, and for the Gentlemen's Expences. I give this Letter as my Bond, that Six Months from this Date (the Uft of Jummadee ul Awul) the Sum of Seven Lacks of Rupees fliall be paid to them. J write this, my Friend, for your Information, You may, if you pleafe, inform Mr. Haftings of this; but I will undoubtedly pay this Sum. The Committee are of Opinion) that as the Promife made by the Vizier, and exprefled in the foregoing Papers, has an intimate Relation to the Cemrrtands of the Court cf Di- rectors in the gth Paragraph of the Letter of the 24th December 1765, and to a Subject on which the Board at large have given their exorefs Opinion, the Committee cannot with Propriety decide upon it by their own Authority. Refolved, therefore, That it be fubmitted to the Board with a Copy of this Minute. Tbe Hoard avoid entering into any Difcufficn on this Subjecl, as they find themfelvtS precluded from deciding upon it by'the clear and exprefs Prohibition contained in the lite Acl of Parliament, tranfmitted by the Court of Directors, with their Commands of tb zgth October 1773. The Wflfds of the Acl aie as follows s RJ, V, I I C*& APPENDIX, N 27. Copy of a Claufe of an Aft of Parliament, An. 13 George $d, intituled, An Afl for tfta- blljhing certain Regulations for tie better Management of the Affairs of the Eaft India Company ', &c. T A f li -^ nd be i' f urtr| er Enacted, by the Authority a r orefaid, That from and ' after the Firft Day ot Auguft, One thoufand Seven hundered and Seven- rnent ' t y- fuur no Perfon h that a Negotiation was on Foot for an Accommodation with Fizulla Cawn, the remaining Chief of that People, we expect that this new Acquifmoc will foon be peaceably fecured to our Ally the Vizier. We are, &c. Read, the following Letter from Colonel Champion. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Selecl Committee. ' Gentlemen, Yefterday the Allied Armies arrived at this Place, and the Vizier is now in PofTeflion of the Fort of Putter Gur. This Morning I faluted his Excellency on the Completion of the Rohilla Conqueft, and he was pleafed to acknowledge it, by repeated Difcharges of his whole Artillery. Give me Leave now, Gentlemen, through you, to offer my Gratulations to the Ho- nourable Board on the Oceafion ; the Satisfaction which I derive from the Succefs of the Expedition is greatly heightened by the healthful State of ou upon the entire Reduction of the Rohilia Country to the Viz ; er's, Government, which we confider as effecled by the Surrender of Putter Gur, and the inextricable Diftrefs to which the Rohilla Army is reduced. Our Satisf-clicn is encreafed, on this OccaCon, by the Vizi-r's Intentions of terminating the War in the Manner you mention, by an Accommodation with the RohilJas, which muft be eaftly fettled in ' their diftreisful Si- I i % ualion ; APPENDIX, N' 27. againft the Rohillas, and to ufe his utmoft Endeavours with -the Army under his Com- mand, cither to oblige them to yield to the Terms which the Vizier may be pieafed to grant, or entirely fubdue or difperfe them, without regarding the Limitation of the Ro- hilla Poflefiions ; provided he can 'aft effectu ally and expeditioufjy againft them. And that the following Letter on the Subject be written him : To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commandsr in Chief of the Forces under the Prefidency. Sir, The Prefident has laid before us your Letter to him, under Date the z6th Ultimo, with the Reply which he immediately difpatched to it, and which agrees with our Sentiments. We now proceed to give you more at large our Inflections to your Conduct in profecuting the War againft Fizuia Cawn and his Adherents. If upon the Receipt of this Letter the War fhould not have been brought to a Conclu- fion, either by the Reduction of the Rohilla Army, or an Accommodation having taken Place between the Vizier and Fezula Cawn, you are authorized and directed by us to pur iue the moft vigorous Meafures, in Conjunction with the Vizier, effectually to reduce the Rohilla Army, without confining your Operations to the Rohilia Dominions ; and even if they fhould havecrofied the Ganges, and you have Reafon to fuppofe, that by croffing either Part, or the whole of your Army, you may be able fpeedily to terminate the War, by acting decifively againft them, and obliging them to difperfe, you have a!fo our Autho- rity for purfuicg this Meafure j but as foon as this Service (hall have been performed, you will immediately recrofs with the Army, and retire within the Limits originally prfelcrib- ed to your Operations, making Fizuia Cawn and his Adherents the only Gbjecls of your Hostilities, and undertaking this Enterprize only if the Occafion fhould promife imme- diate Succefs. But if his Excellency the Vizier ftiould be difpofed rather to accommodate Matters with the Rohillas by Negociation, than to profecute Hoftilities to the utmoft agaieft them, you are to permit him in this Refpect entirely to purfue his own McaCures, and employ his own Agents ; nor are you at all to interfere, unlefs he mould folicit you to join your Sanction to the Terms propofed, or the Accommodations agreed upon, to acid to their Va- lidity ; and in that Cafe, it will be proper for you to receive from him a formal Application in Writing ; but on no Account are you to fufler any Perfon under your Command or Authority to be employed as a Negociator on the Part of the Vizier. Fort William, We are, &c. ihe lyth September 1774. As the Orders now intended to be tranfrr.itted to Colonel Champion, and which can- not be delayed without a great Rifque of fruftrating the Defign, are contrary to the Letter of Inftruftions given by the Board ; the Committee are of Opinion, that a Reference of this Day's Proceedings ought to be fubmitted to the Council at large, for their Approba- tion, or for their Appeal, if they judge the Latitude allowed to the Colonel liable to dan- gerous Confequences. Refolved, That a Copy of this Day's Proceedings be laid before the Council next Coun- cil Day. Warren Raftings, V,'m. Alderfey, P. M. Dacres. Bengal SeleB Confultatiovt, tit iyb StpUmbcr 17741 PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire. William Alderfey, and 7 P , . . I Philip Milner L acres, $ Ef 1 ulr - The Prefident lays before the Committee the following Extract of a Refolution of the Board ; in confequence of which the following Letter wai written to the Commander in Chief from this Department : - APPENDIX, No 2&. Extraff if Secret Departmtnt Confutation, the lytb September I774t The Board approve of the Motives which have induced the Seleft Committee to give the Latitude which they have allowed to Colonel Champion, but thii.k it expedient to explain their Intentions more fully, and to draw the Line of his Operations in more direcT: Terms, but conformable to the Orders above given him. Agreed, That the following Letter be written and difpatched to him from the Seleft Committee: To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Prefidency, Sir, The Latitude allowed in our laft Letter of the I7'h Inftant, being a Deviation from the exprefs Letter of the original Inftiuclions which you received trom the Board, we have thought it nsceffary to communicate to them thofe Orders ; which we have accord- ingly done, and have received their Confirmation of them ; but left the Terms of our Letter ftiould not have been Sufficiently explanatory of our Intentions, we think it necef- fary to give you this further Illuftration, both of our Wi(h, and that of the Board, in the Latitude above referred to. If Fizula Cawn, or the Forces under his Command, mall have eroded the Ganges, and prefuming on the Limitation of the Scene of your Opera- tions, mail venture to encamp fo near as to put it into your Power, by fuddenly crofling the River, either with the Whole or a Part of the Brigade under your Command, to at- tack them by Surprize, and to difperfe them, in that Cafe, and in that Cafe only, we think it advifeable, and we direct, that you do exceed the prefcribsd Line of your Ope- rations to attack them, but that you do not perfift in any continued Operations againft them on that Side of the River, or follow them beyond One Day's March, if they ihould betake themfelves to Flight ; and that if you flull either have defeated or difperfed the Enemy, or they fliall have prevented an Attack by Flight, in either Cafe you are imme- diately to recrofs the River, and confine yourfelf within the original prescribed Line of your Operations. We thought it necefiary to be thus explicit, not from any Doubt which we entertain in your DKcietion, but to enable you, with Confidence and Satisfa&ion to yourfelf, to carry thefe Orders into Execution. We are &c. Fort William, Warren Haflings, the jgth Sept. 1774* W. Alderfey, P. M, Dacrcs. APPENDIX, N 2&. Extraf? of Bengal Selcft Confutation!, tie &tb QEloler 1774* PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqttire, William Alderfey, and 7 -. . Philip Milner Dacres, JEfquires. E A D, the follewing Letters from Colonel Champion, dated the a8th Auguft j 6th, and loth September. R To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efqiwre, Prefident, &c. Members of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, On the lyth Inftant, I had the Pleafure of informing you of the Vizier's being in Pof- frflion of the Fort of Putter Gur, and of all the Rohilia Country ; and that it wa proba- ble an Accommodation would take place between him and the ueiny, Hit APPENDIX, N" 28. His Excellency offered Fizula a Saydad for 15,000 Men, in that Part of the Doab lately taken from the Marattas, on condition of receiving from Fi;:':!a tHe Half of his Treafure and Effects. The Rohilla Chief dreading the Power of the Marattas, declined accepting of a Settlement in the Doab, but offered Half his Treafure and Effects, if the Vizier would give hirh a Settlement in the conquered Country. The Vizier diflen'ed to this Proportion, but afTured Fizula Cawn that he would at all Times fupport him in the Doab againlt the Marattas ; Fizula then addrefTed me, faying, He had fome Things to communicate, which he did not think proper to commit to Writing, anH requefted I would fend my Secretary to hear what he had to fay ; being extremely defircus to take away all Pretence of further delaying the Payment of the Sum ftipulated for the Conqueft of this Country, which his Excellency alleges he cannot difcharge till he is at Liberty to quit the Field; I directed Mr. Murray, with the written Approbation of the Vizier, to proceed to the Rohilla Camp, and I took the Opportunity of fending the Field Engi- neer in Company with him, that in cafe no Agreement fhould take place, and we fhould be obliged to attack the Enemy, we might benefit by the Engineer's Observations. When Mr. Murray had heard what Fizulah had to fay, he found it was little elfe but Declamation on paft Hardfhips, with Expreffions of great Diftruft in the Vizier,, and earneft Wifties that 1 would intercede with his Excellency and the Adminiftra'.ion, to ob- tain a Settlement for him and his Followers in fome Part of ihc. Rohilla Country. Mr. Murray was commiffioned to endeavour to bring Fizulah Khan to Camp with him, in order that he might personally pay his Refpefts to the Vizier, and endeavour to fettle all Difputes. Mr. Murray was fo far fuccsfsful as to obtain Fizulah's entire Con- Tent to accompany him ; but their Counfels (in which every p-tty Serdar mnft be heard) being diftracled, a Majority of the Chiefs denied Fizulah the Power of putting his Inten- tion into Execution. They, however, propofed that Aly Mahummud Khan, Fizullah's eMeft Son, aged about Tw:nty-five, fhould be fent to treat with the Vizier. This Pro- pofitinn being communicated to his Excellency, was rejecled, and Mr. Murray recalled. The Nabob did me the Favour of a Vifit Yefterday Morning, and importuned me to advance upon the Enemy, in confluence of which I moved to this Ground, but figni- fied to his Excellency that I could not proceed b:yond the acknowledged Bounds of the Rohilla Dominions; the Vizier ftrongly urged that Lalldang is within the Rohilta Country, and affirmed that he Inhabitants of the Villages clofe to it had always paid Hent to Zabitah Khan and his Father. The Truth with regard to the Villages, as far as I have been able to learn, is, that they belonged to the Rajahs, but that the Rohillas have often collected the Rents; be this however as it may, the Enemy being actually encamped on the Hills, they are beyond the Limits of the Country which I was entrufted to conquer; and alth ugh I moft heartily wifh to comply with the Vizier's Re- queft of reducing Fizulah Khan, yet I am extremely fcrupulous of running any Rifle of Difapprobation. Jf, in Anfwer to the Letter which J had the Honour of addrefling you on the agth Ultimo, I fhould be directed to proceed no farther, the Vtzier muft accept of Fizulah Khan's Offer, by which, if his Excellency's Information is juft, he will re- ceive above 30 Lacks of Rupees, and if on the contrary, I fhould be authorized to at- tack the Enemy at Lalldang, I will do it ; but I have thought it neceffary to defire his Excellency to confider, that if the Enemy's Camp is frormed, their Treafure will fall to the Captors ; and advifed him to continue the Blockade tome Time longer. We are now within Ten Cofs of the Enemy,' whofe Communication with the Ganges and the Rohilla Country is completely cu^ off, fo that they can neither retreat to, or re- ceive Supplies from, any Place, excepting the Country between the Hills. In cafe Peace fhould be concluded between the Vizier and the Rohiilas, I requeft you will do me the Favour of informing me, whether, and how far, I may concern myfelf on the Part of Adminiftration in fuch Treaty as may be agreed upon, either regarding the Doab or the Rohilla Country. His Excellency informed me that he has received Advices of the Marattas having moved to the Southward, but that he doubts not they will pay him a Vifit in the Courle of the Seafon. Camp near Mohanpore, I am refpeflfuJly, &c. AuguftaSth 1774. A. Champion, APPENDIX, N z3. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prtfident, &c. Members of the Sdcfl Committee. Gentlemen, I was duly favoured with your Letters of the ift and I4th July ; to trie firft I would have replied earlier, but that I wi(hed to comply with your Deiire of obtaining Informa- tion concerning the Identity of Meer Fettee Aly ; and I now enclofe the Declarations of leveral Ptrlons, particularly that of the Nurfe who fuckled him, in Teftimony of his being the real Son of Saddoe Aly. The Sum which you have been pleafed to allot for his Expences, is by no Means ade- quate to his moft necefi'ary Difburfements. Befides furnifhing him wrh Tents and other NeceiTaries, 1 had given him 500 R* Monthly, before the Receipt of your Letter. This being a very moderate Allowance, efpecially whilft he is moving about with the Army, I have taken upon me to continue it; and I Hitter myfelf it will meet with Approbation. I wim to receive further tnftru&ions concerning him. Regarding my Letter of the nth June, lam to obferve, with all due Submiflion^ Gentlemen, that you mud greatly have mi fappreh ended it ; I never wiflied, nor exprelled a Wilh, to be the Arbiter of Peace and War with the Vizier, neither to have the Power of correcting his Exc*fTes by Force. " A full Authority, effectually to prevent his per- petrating any Enormity under the Shield of our Strength, &c." i no more or lefs than denying to fccond or countenance luch Proceedings. Ar.d has the Adminiftration r.o fuch Authority over the Company's Troops ? If not, Gentlemen, I am afraia the Expreflion which has been excepted againft, ' that the Briti/h Name is in the Hands of the Vizier,'' is but too much juitifi:d. It it faid, that if the Britiflj Name is in any Man ner'com mined, it rouft be from the Treaty itfelf; and I am charged with Want ol Candour, for not having ftated the Re- flection earlier. After my Acknowledgements for this Cjmpliment, I anfwer, that had I feeo the Treaty (which I do not recoiled* to have done), it would be Vanity in me to imagine that I could difcover Faults in it, which has efcaped tbeNodceof fo miny Gen- tlemen of nicer Difcernment. If I did not forefee the Evil, it is enough on my Part that I com plained fo foon as I was fentible of its Effetls ; the Power of adminifterir.g a Remedy lay elfe where. It is true, Gentlemen, that Declamation is ufual in raprefenting Diftrefs; and there- fore I mould not have been furprized that the Letters which I tranfmittfd to you had but little Effect on your Perceptions, if I had not at the fame Time attefted the Truth of the Complaints, which I will venture to fay bear more than One or Two Inftance-. of Cruelty; I might add others, fuch as thefe unhappy Captives being driven to the Ne- ceflity of fupplicating and receiving Alms from myfelf and Gentlemen of my Family, to purchafe Suftenance ; their even begging for Water to drink, their ftruggUog who fliould rirftbe ferved with it, &c. In (hort, the Proofs of the grofs Maltreatment of thefe Fa- milies amounts to an Axiom in the Minds of the Englifli Army, and even in the Vizier's Troops. Mr. Middleton, I prefums, has informed the PieGdent of the Refult of hit Application to the Vizier, concerning the 40 Lacks. The Tioops continue to enjoy good Health. No remarkable Occurrence fince my lad. I remain with refped, &o. Camp, near Mehanpore, A. Champion, 3 September 1774. ExtraS of a Letter from Colonel Champion to tbe PiefiJtnt and Se!el Cwmittee at Fort Wil* Ham in Bengal, dated Camp nea' Mohar.fore, the 6th i>epten.btr 1774. Since mylaft, nothing remarkable has happened. We hare, however, Accounts of the encreafingDifttefs ot the Enemy. I have rscenred feveral Letters from the Nabob Zabka Khan, r-pfefrnting that the Vizier is under the moft folemn Engagements not to deprive him of ihe Diftriels or Fort of Putter Gur; and although it may oat be thought advifeabl: to interfere, I deem it in* curobcnt in me to make you acquainted with the Circumftaaec. Kh APPENDIX, N 28. Extroft of a Letter from Colonel Champion to tbe Preftdent aid Stlefl Committee at Fort Wil- liam in Bengal, dated Camp near Mobanfore, tbe loth September 1774. The Vizier has actually addrefled his Maiefty, propofing an Interview on the Banks of the Ganges ; and on the Suppofition that a Meeting will take place, I am to requeft I may be honoured with your Inftructions, whether to interfere on the Part of the Com- pany, in any Transactions or Agreements between his Majefty and the Vizier, regarding the Doab and Rohilla Country, and whether it is your Defire that I (hould make any Mention of what his Excellency calls the Bengal Treafure. As I have Pcrmiffion from the Board to return to the Prefidsncy, I mean to avail myfelf of it, as loon as I can with Propriety leave the Army. It is therefore probable, that I maybe on my Way down before the Anfwer to this Addrefs can arrive; and would recommend, that a fealed Duplicate of your Reply to this be fent, under Cover, to Colonel Galliez, with Inftructions to deliver it to me, if with the Army j if not, to open and aft in Obedience to it. I truft you have given fuch Orders regarding the Supply of Camp Equipage, as that it will be up as foon as pofiible. I am very anxious to receive Anfwers from the feveral Letters which I have had the Honour of addreffing to you ; Replies to all thofe of July are due. Fuzullah Khan and the Rohilla* Chiefs have removed their Families further into the Country, between the Hills. No other Occurrence fince my laft. Agreed, we anfwer the Colonel's Letter in the following Terms . To Colonel Alexander Champion, Commander in Chief of the Forces under the Pre- fidency. Sir, We have duly received your Letteis of the 8th Auguft, 3*], 6th, and ioth Sep- tember. We muft conclude, that long before you can receive this, your Operations againft Fizula Cawn which have finally ceafed, either by his Defeat, or by Peace concluded with him ; left we mould be difappointed in this Expectation, and a Treaty of Peace fliould be propofed between the Vizier and Fizula Cawn; if both Parties mould unite in aefiring your Interpofition, we approve of your either atteftmg the Treaty, or ailing as Guarantee on the Part of the Company for the Performance of it j but in every othei Refpect we defire you to conform to our Inltructions in our Letter of the i7th. We. approve of the Allowance you have given Fittee Aly Cawn, and defire you will continue it to him. In Reply to the other Subjects contained in your Letter of the 3d Ultimo, we have only to refer you to the Orders which we have repeatedly and explicitly given regarding the Line of your Conduct, which do not admit a further Difcuificn. t Whatever Engagements may have been contracted between the Vizier and Zabita Cawn, we will have no Concern inthem, or in any other Engagements formed withoul Our Participation. On this Subject we have already given you general but full Inftructions As we are determined to avoid interfering in any Affair which may draw our Arm) beyond the Line of its prelent Operations, we would not have you interfere ia any Nego- tiations that^will take place at the propofed Interview between the King and the Vizier, in any Manner which {hall pledge the Faith of our Government for the Performances any Stipulations agreed on betwixt them. The Prefence of the Brigade will be a fun Defence to the Vizier's Dominions during the Abfence of his Force?, and its Neighbour- hood to the Doab will have a considerable Influence on its Operations in that Country, to which we conclude they will be principally confined, if any Hoftilities fhould take place againft the Marattas in confequence of the Plan which may be concerted betweer the King and the Vizier; and in this Refpect we conceive that the Service eventually though not immediately afforded to the King may merit fome Return on his Part. W< defire no other than a formal Renunciation of his Pretenfions to the Tribute of Bengali which is an Object with us, merely from the Confideration that it may prove the Source or" future Difcontent between the King and the Company, fince we can by no Means at. mit, and are perfuaded that our Superiors will jufttfy us in this Opinion, that his Mf.jeftj .has any Right to the Exaction of tftat Tribute, or ever received it but ai a voluruai; Ac APPENDIX, K 28. Aft flowing from the Bounty and Attachment of the Company towards him ; and view- ing it in this Light, we conceive that it is at Icaft as much the Intereft of the King to comply with our Wifhes. We think it nrceffary to add, to obviate ny Mifconception of our Intentions, that we will not agree to any Compenfation whatever for this Renun- ciation, nor wifh to accept it, unlefs it {hall comprehend all Claim of Arrears, as well as future Payments, on account of the Tribute. We think a'fo, that it will be (ufficient fimply to propofe, or to requeft it as a Matter of courfe, but neither to folicit his Majefty's Compliance, nor repeat the Requeft, it being, as we have already faid, a Point of little Moment to the Company whether he grants it or not. All oth?r Points, of whatever Nature, you may leave to be adjufted between the King and the Vizier, unlefs any fhould arife which we do not forefec, and which fhall not be contradicloiy to the Line of your Inftruclions ; in which we truft to your Discretion to act ai you fhall judge moft fitting for the Intereft of the Company. In cafe you (hall have quitted the Army before this arrives, and it fhould reach your Hands, we dedre you will forward it to Col jnel Galliez, and that he will conform to the Contents of it. Fort William, We are, &c. the 6th Oct. 1774. Tranjla'ion of a Letter framed, by tie Na-wab Vix'ier, to be written from Colonel Champion to Mured o Di-jolab) in K-p'y to bis Letter, received the z<)th Auguft. I have received your Letter, ard comprehend the Particulars : It i evident that the Enghfli Chiefs, the Nawab Vizier, and Nawab NijufF Chan, are Well-withers to his M-jefty, and all three are ready with their Lives for his Benefit: Formerly, when the Manttas caufed Difturban.ei at Delhi, the Nawab Vizier marched from Fyzab-d to join his Majefty; but they got thither before him, and the Marattas being Enemies to the Kingdom, the Nawab Vizier Twice afforded the Rohillas Afliftance, fliewed them much Friendfhiu, andjwas at infinite Expence on their Account; and now, conformably to his Majefty's Order, has fubdued the Roh.llag accordingly. When this Matter was formerly in Agitation, and Mahummed Elich Cawn at Delhi, his Majefty marched thence, but by Reafon of Illnefs returned. Now the Nawab Vizier, in Coniunclion with the Englifh, has fubdued the Rohillas, as was befitting } and now the Nawab Vizier and Englifh Chie f s are ready and prepared to pay the Dues of Service and Obedience to his Majefty, and if he will fet out from Delhi and proceed to the Banks of the Ganges, here the Nawab V:zier, the Englifh Chiefs, and Nawab Nujitr Chan, will attend him, and pay their Refeects: And it is neceflary to obferve, that if his Majefty will come to the Banks of the Ganges, that one Matter will alfo be fettled, which will conduce to the Benefit of the Empire, and of all Patties mutually, and every Means will be ufed for the Advantage of the Kin? and the Nawab Vizier, and the Englirti Chiefs wUl in all Ways be ready with their beft Services for his Majefty, and in no refpecl be inattentive to his Pleafute. On Colonel Champion defiring tSe Vizirr, by a Letter, to explain that Matter men- tinned in the above, which was to be fettled ;f his Majefty came to the Banks of the Ganges, his Excellency tranfmitted the following Letter on Septemper 5, 1774. You dcfire me to explain myfelf ne confiftfd of above 40,000 Men, yet being matinous, ill appointed, and in want of the Artillery proper for fuch an Undertaking, the Siege was protradbd longer thin could have been expefted fro-n the indifferent State of the Fortifications, and the little Defence made by the Befirged. The Garrifon at hit capitulated on the 151:1 of February, having obtained more h-mouraole Terms than their Behaviour 01 Situation feemed ty entitle them to ; and Nniitt'Cawn took pnfl'efFion of the Fortrefs in the King's Name. P^r. 5th. ThU Event, added to their form-r ill Fortune, threatened to complete the Bum of the Jauts, who are now ftripped of all their exrcnfive Dominions, and reduced to a few inconfderabte Fort% with petty Territories whirh furround them, while the Minority of their prefcnt Chief, and the Difcord and Treachery which reigns atnon^ the leading Men, cuts off every Piofpeft of their (eiiig able to retrkve their Affairs. Par. 6th. During tbefe Traafactions the Maratta Chiefs were fo fully occupied with their internal Difputas, a* to be unable to take any Part in the Affairs of Indolian. Ra- ^gonaut Row, who had facceeded to the Government of Poonah on the Murder of hi* Nephew, was not got well eftablifhed in Authority. The exceptionable Me.ms by which he obtained the Command, the mutual Difrruft which prevailed between him and die diftVrent Leaden, and the low State of his Treafury, unequal to the Support of lii? nu- merous Fcrcfs, tonfpircd to render his Situation ver precuious. The Benr Ciiief>, Moodajee Boonfela and Shabajre Boon'ela, being at Variants \vith one another, took different Sides on this Occafion ; the firft being courted by Ragona-it Row, joined with. his Farces ; the latter feemtd to attich bimfelf to the Imereftsof Nizam Afiy, between whom and Ragonaut there were many Caufes of DiiTi-.ntion. Par. yth. The Two Maratta Chitfy, at the Hs-ad of 60,000 Men, proceeded to invade the Dominions of Nizam Ally, who met them at Beder, on the Borders of his Country, with an Army inferior in Number 5 and feveral Sliirmi.lus erifu^d, but without com ; ng to a general Engagement, At tail a.i Interview being agreed on, lome Points of Dif- J pute APPENDIX, N 30. putes were wave* by the Marattas, on Nizam Ally engaging to aflift, him with a ftipulated Number of Troops in cafe of an Emergency ; and an Accommodation for the prefent took place. Par. 8. Ragonaut Row being now diflrefled for Money to pay his Troops, and fur- rounded with a numerous and difcontemed Army, whom it was dangerous to keep in a State of Inactivity, inftead of returning to Poina, took, the Resolution of marching Southward, and proceeded a confidence Way beyond the River Khifta, but with what Defign we are not well informed. His Abfence from Poona gave room for the Chiefs difaffected to his Intereft to carry on their Intrigues ; and a firong Party, headed by Shabajee Boonfela, and fome of the principal Officer?, and fecrttly favoured by Nizam Ally, have at laft thrown oft" the Maft, and declared their Intention of depriving him of the Government. The Widow of Nairain Row, the Predeceflbr of Ragonaut, being far advanced in her Pregnancy, has afforded them a Pretext for their Conduct ; and hav- ing conveyed her to a Place of Safety, they have affumed the Government in her Name, and that of her Iffue j have imprifoned the Friends of Ragonaut, and are employed in levying a very large Army. As foon as News of this reached the Maratta Camp, Rago- naut abandoned his Dedgns of Invafion, and moved back towards his own Country. The Iffue of thi Affair is yet uncertain ; but from the formidable Appearance of the Combination, the Difaffection of Ragonaut's Forces, and the few Refources of which he is Mailer, there is the greateft Reafon to conclude it will prove fatal to his Government. Par. gth. In eonfeqaence of the Vizier's Requifition, the Second Brigade has lately inarched into his Dominions, on the Terms me ntioned in our former Addrcfs. They will probably be employed only in protecting hii Country, while he is carrying on his Operations againft the Maratta Diftricts, as he is likely, in the prefent Pofture of Af- fairi, to meet with little Interruption ; and we fliall ftudioufly avoid taking an active Part againft the Marattas, until we are favoured with your Commands. APPENDIX, N 30. Artidn of Agreement between the King Sbab Alum and tie Company. THE Nabob Nudjum ul Dowla agrees to pay his M?jefty, out of the Revenues of Bengal, Bahar, and Orifla, the Sum of Twenty-fix Lacks of Rupees a Year, with- out any Deduction for Batta on Bills of Exchange, by regular Monthly Payments, amount- ing to Rupees 2,16,666. 10. 9. per Month ; the Firft Payment to commence from the ^Firft of September of the prefent Year: And the Engli/h Company, in confideration of his Majefty's having been gracioufly pleafed to grant them the Dtwannee of Bengal, &c. do engage themfelves to 'be Security for the regular Payment of the fame : It fliall be paid Month by Month, from the Factory at Patna, to Rajah Sbitabroy, or whomfoever his Majefty may think proper to nominate, that it may be forwarded by him to the Court. But in cafe the Territories of the aforefaid Nabob fhoull be invaded by any Fo- reign Enemy, a Dsduttion is then to be made out of the ftipulated Revenues, proportion- able to the Damage that may he fuftained. In confideration of Nudjif Khan's having joined the Engli/h Forces, and acted in his Majefty's Service in the late War, his Majefty will be gracioufly pleafed to allow him the Sum of Two Lacks of Rupees a Year, to be paid by equal Monthly Payments ; the Firft Payment to commence from the Firft of September of the prefent Year: And in Default thereof, the Englifli Company, who are Guarantees for the fame, will make it jood out of the Revenues allotted to his Majefty from the Territories of Bengal. If the Territories of Bengal fhould at any Time be invaded, and on that Account a Deduction be made out of the Royal Revenue, in fuch Cafe a proportionable Deduction fliall alfo be made out of Nudjif Khan's Allowance. Dated the ^ch of Auguft 1765. Fort William, September 3Oth, 1765. A true Copy, Alex. Campbell, S. S, C. Fart APPENDIX, N 30. Fort William, Ijtb March 177*. By Advices received from Sir Robert Barker, it appears, that Nud- irtment .. ff j chan haj . j|)ei the Maratta*. intentionally 10 co-operate with Ccnfoltations. them - n their Defigns aga ; n ft Sujah ul DowUh. The Board are of Opinion, That all Payments on account of his Stipend fliould be fuf- pended f, r the prefent. Agreed, therefore, Direftions be fent to the Council at Moorfliedabad for that Puipofe, he following Leuer : in t To Samuel Middleton, Efquire, Chief, &c. Council of Revenue at Moorftedabad. Gentlemen, We defire you will make no further Payments on account of Nudjiff Khan'i Stipend, until you receive particular Directions from us. We are, &c. Fort William, the J7th March 1772. ExsralJ, Fart William, the ytb QEioltr 1773. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefidenr, General Sir Robert Barker, being arrived at the Prefidency, takes his Seat at the Board. William Alderfey, P. M. Dacres, Hemy Goodwin, John Graham, George VanfitUrt. The General being arrived, the Board, agreeably to their Refolution in laft Council, take into Confideration that Part of the Governor's Report which relates to Nudjiff Cawn. The General begs Leave to record the following Minute on the Subject : Genera! Barker takes this Opportunity to enter a Minute in Favour of NudjifT Cawn. He can, however, but recapitulate the Notice he has already taken of him in his Ad- drefles to the Board and Select Committee. The laft Campaign has convinced the Gene- ral more declaredly that this Perfon's Integrity and Zeal for the Intereft of the Company are to be depended on. It was more particularly evinced in a very critical Situation, where he htfitated not to maintain a Correfpondenre with the General, and communicated to him the Defigns and Councils or the Maratta Surdats of the greateft Moment from the TeryMidftof his Enemies, who were not ignorant of hi Attachment to our Arms, and had Spits conflantly about his Perfon. The General flatters himfrlf the Board's public Approbation of this deferving Man may hereafter prove beneficial to the Company's Inte- reft ; and fecure a pov erfol Friend in Cafes of Neceflity, fince he is afljred Nudjiff Cawn. will ever coudutt himlelf with tlie g-cutcil Probity and Gratitude. (Signed) Rt Barker. The Prefident thinks it necefiary to add, in Explanation of the Opinion he has girea at large for the Continuance of NudjufYCawn's Pen/ion, that he does not confider NudjufF Cawn's Claim as founded wholly on the Treaty or Stipulations made in Favour of the King ; but on thofe Engagements connected wie referred to their Company for their Deter- mination. Mr. Vanfittart defires his Sentiments may be recorded in the following Words: I am not only of Opinion that NudjufF Cawn fhould revive an Allowance from the Company on account of his paft Services, and for political Rsalons as pointed out by the President, but I look upon htm to be entitled to it in confequence of Lord dive's En- gagements t Two Lacks were guaranteed to him by the Company, and he has done no- thing to forfeit them ; he did not (like the King) join the Marattas, in Oppofition to our Government, but acted flriclly by the General's Advice ; my own Opinion muft neceia- rily be, that he is infilled to the Whole of his Arrears; however, confidering the prefent low Circumftances of the Company, 1 think that only Two Licks /hould be immediately paid to him, and the fame Sum be continued Annually, and that what further Arrears may be due to him fhouid remain fufpended till we receive the Ciders of the Court of Di- Extrafl of Secret Letter from Bengal, dated the ictb November 1773. Par. 13. You would obferve in the Prefident's Report, that an Application was made to him at Benares from NudjiffCawn, for a Continuance of his Penfion of Two Lacks of Rupees fer Annum fettled upon him by Lord Clive, and that he had referred it to the Determination of the Bnard. Co f thOl J *' ^' ieft k' Penfion was ftopt by Order of Council, I7th March ' ' 1771, it was then the received Opinion that he had voluntarily accom- panied the King in his Expedition to Delhi, without the Confent or Approbation of our Government j but it now appearing that it was with Reluctance, and at the Pef'uafion of the General, that he took that Step, ar>d alfo that he has continued ever fince to maniferl: a fincere Attachment to the Company, and a Delire of being ufeful to them in his prefent Situation, we thought it juft, as well as political, to continue nis Penfion to him as a Re- ward for his paft Services, and to imprefs an Idea in the M.nds of the People of the Gens- rofity of the Company towards thofe who are faithful in their Attachment to them. We have accordingly ordered Two Lacks of Rupees fer -Ar.num co be paid to him as a Yearly Penfion, from the 7th October till your Plealure be known, referring the Payment of hi Arrears to your particular Determination. APPENDIX, N*. 31. K ii. -C Shu jab ul Dowfa, tbt tiudjum ul Dffwla, and tbs Engkjb Cimpany j executed at liltabad tbt i6tb tf 1765. HIS Highnefs Shujih 1 Dowla engage*, in the moft folemn Manner, to continue Bulwant S.ng in ihe ZrminJaries of Benares, Gauzepoor, and all thole Diftricls he polLifcd at th- Pime he came over to the late Nabob Jaffier Ally Khan and the Englift, o Condition of his paying the feme Revenue as heretofore. APPENDIX, APPENDIX, N 33. APPENDIX, N 32, The Company's Sea!. W (Signed) E. Barber, Secretary. r Treaty and Agreement letivten tbe Governor and Council of Fort Wit am on tbt Part oftbt Englijb Eaft India Company, and tbe Nabob Mebarek ul Dffvuia. On the Part of the Company. E, tbe Governor and Council, do engage to fecure to the Nabob Mebsrek ul Dowla,. the Soubahdarry of the Provinces of Bengal, Bahar, and Orifo, sad to rupport him therein with the Company's Forces againft all his Enemies. On the Part of the Nabob. Article i. The Treaty which my Father formerly concluded with the Company, upon his firft Ac- ceffion to the Nizamut, engaging to Regard the Honour and Reputation of the Company^ and of the Governor and Council, as his own, and that entered into with my Brother*, the Nabobs Nazim ul Dowia and Syef ul Dowla, the fame Treaties, at far as is confident with the true Spirit, Intent, and Meaning thereof, I do hereby ratify and confirm. Article 2. The King has been gracioufly pleafed to grant unto the English Eaft India Company the Dewanneeftiip of Bengal, Bahar, and Orifla, as a Free Gift, for ever; and I, having an entire Confidence in them, and in their Servants fettled in this Country, that nothing whatever be propofed or carried into Execution by them, derogating from my Honour, Intereft, and the Good of my Country, do therefore, for the better conducting the Af- fairs of the Soubahdarry, and promoting my Honour and Intereft, and that of the Com- pany, in the beft Manner, agree, that the protecting the Provinces of Bsngal, B?har, and Griffa, and the Force fufficient for that Purpofe, be entirely left to their Direction and good Management, in confideration of their paying the King Shah Alium, by Monthly Payments, as by Treaty agreed on, the Sum of Rupees Two Lacks Sixteen thoufand Six hundred and Sixty-fix, Ten Annas, and Nine Pice (Rupees a, 16,666. 10 9.); and to roe, Mebarek ul Dowla, the Annual Stipend of Rupees Thirty-one Lacks Eighty-one thoufand Nine hundred and Ninety-one, Nine Annas (31,81,991.9.) -vi, the Sum of Rupees Fifteen Lacks Eighty-one thoufand Nine hundred and Ninety-one, Nine Annas (15,81,991. 9.) for my Houie, Servants, and other Expences indifpenfably neceflary ; and ths remaining Sum of Rupees Sixteen Lacks (Rupees i6,co,coo) for tbe Support of fuch Sepoys, Peons, and Bercundafles, as may be thought proper for my AfTwarry cn'y, but on no Account ever to exceed that Amount. Arricle 3. The Nabob Mmauh Dowla, who was, at the Infrance of the Governor 2nd Gentle- men of the Council, appointed Naib of the Provinces, and inverted with the Manage- ment of Affairs, in Conjunction with Man Rajah Doolubram and Juggit Seat, /hall continue in the fame Port, and with the fame Authority ; and having a perfecl Confidenca in him, I moreover agree to Jet him have the difburling of the above Sum ot Rupees Six- teen Lacks, for the Purpofes above-mentioned. This Agreement (by the Bleffing of Gad) (hall bs inviolably ofcfervcd forever. Dattd this aift Day of March, in the Year of our Lord 1770. (Signed) John Cartier, John Reed, R ; chard Becher, Francis Hard, William Aldfrey, Jofeph Jckyl, Claud Ruflell, Thomas Lsnc, Charles Floyer, Richard Bar* ell* A true Copy. (Signed) W, Wynne, Secretary. Rif, V. L 1 SxtraQ APPENDIX, ft32. Extra El oftbe Company's General Letter to Bengal, dated tie lOtb April 1771. Par. 36. When we advert to the Encomiums yen have paflVd on your own Abilities and Pn deuce, and on your Attention to the Company's Inteieft (in the Expoftulations you have thought proper to make on our Appointment of Commiffioners to fuperintend our general Affairs in India), we cannot but obferve with Aftoui&menr, that an Event of fo much Importance as the Death or' the Nabob Syful Dowlah, and the Eftablifhment of a SuccefTor in fo great a Degree of Nonage, fheuld not have been attended with thofe Ad- vantages for the Company which fuch a Circumftance offered to your Vi'.w. 37. We mean not hire (o dilspprove the preferving the Succefiion in the Family of Mir Jaffier ; on the contrary, both Juliice and Policy icconimend a Meafure which at once correfponds with the Cuftoms and inclinations of the People of Bengal 5 but when we confider the State of Minority of the now Soubah, we know not on what Grounds it could have been thought neceflary to continue to him the Stipend allotted to his adult Predeceffors. 38. Convinced as we are, that an Allowance of Sixteen Lacks per Annum will be fuf- ficient for the Support of the Nabob's State and Rank while a Minor, we muft confidtr every Addition thereto 'as fo much to be wafted on a Herd of Parafues and Sycophants, who will continually furround him ; or at lead to be hoarded up, a Confequence ftill more pernicious to the Company. You are therefore, during the Nonage of the Nabob, to reduce his Annual Stipend to Sixteen Lacks of Rupees; and this we have the greater Reafon to require, as we find ourfelves fubjedted to the Payment of large Sums, due from the Revenues of the Dewannee, before the Company became poffeiT=d thereof, on ac- count of -the Navy Donation, and the Arrears of that to the Army, the Balance due for Reftituiion to Europeans, Colonel Munro's Demand of Two Lacks, the Debt due to Bolsckidafs, and the Annual Sum of One Lack, for Trn Years, which we have agreed to pay to Juggat Seat ; all which prefs en us with fuch united Force, that our Treafury will be unable to fatisfy thefe feveral Demands, without wounding our commercial Inte- refts, and endangering our PoiTeflions in Bengal. Being once relieved from this Load of Incumbrances, the Savings 'we may expedl from this Reduction, will properly become a Fund for Military Exigencies, which Fund heing folely applicable to the Defence of the Provinces, will contribute no lei's to the Nabob's future Benefit than to that of the Com- pany. 39. At a Time when every justifiable Meafure fliould be adopted for availing th? Public and the Company of all the Advantage we had in Profpeft from our PoiTcflion of the D^wann'y, we cannot but reflsft on the Ditfipation of a configurable Part thereof, by the Allowances to the Nabob's Minifters. 40. And here we muft obferve, that how great foever the Application of Mahomet R'eza Cawn, and his Adheience to the Company's Interefr, may have been, his Rewards have been more than adequate thereto ; and as the Bufmefs of the Collections of our Re- venues, when they /hall have been thoroughly irxveftigated by the Supervifors appointed for '.hat Purpofe, will require little or no Affiftance from that Minifter, we muft deem the Continuance of his prefect Salary as a Wafte of thofe Refoiuces which are become fo efientially neceiVary both ior the Security of our Pofleflions and the Extenfion of your In- veftmenta ; it is therefore cur Pleafure, that the Annual Allowance of Nine Lacks, which he has hitherto enjoyed, be no longer contx.ur.d to him ; but as the Minority of the Nabob will mske it requifite f r you to appoint, as his Guardian, a Perfon of Expe- rience in the Affairs of Government, and of approved Attach mtnt to the Company's In- tereils, your Choice muft reft on Mahomet Reza *.wn, and you are to allow him, whilft in that Station, a Salary of Five Lacks of Rupees per Annum, wnich we confider not only as fuitable to fuch Station, bu' as a munificent Reward lor the Services he may render the Company in rhe Execution or his Office 41. The Annua. Allowance to Juggat Seat, as AflH.int to Mahomet Reza Cawn, has been a Drain on our Revenues w'rhout the ieaft Benrflt fivni his' Adiiiiniftration, for we are well afTored that he has nei/i r afforded us a f:ng.e In'ftir.ce of Service ; his Allowance therefore rrr.ft be immediately, frrinjk oft" But wvere to hold the Dewanneecf the Provinces of Bengal, Bahar, and Orifia, in Perpetuity. The General forms this Opinion from the Right which he conceives the King undoubt- edly had, of doing what he judged proper with thofe Provinces, without any Reference to the Englifh. Nor does there appear in the Treaty of 1765, any Expreffion horn which an Idea can be formed to indicate that thofc Provinces were to revert to the English under any Circumftances whatsoever. Nor can he agree, that his Majefiy having repaired to his Capital, after the repeated Invitations and Solicitations he has made to the Englifh Com- pany to attend him there, can be given as a fufficient Motive for our taking from hiwi thefe Provinces, and ceding them to another: fince it does not appear that any fuch Jleflriftions were laid upon the King by the Treaty of 1765 ; but on the contrary, that it was a free and voluntary Gift, in confequence of the aforefaid Grant of the Dewannte to the Company. The General agrees with the Prefident, that to have kept thefe Provinces, alloo-irg them to have reverted to the Company upon his Majefty's removing his Phce of Rffi- dence, would not only have been inconfiftent with the rep-ated Communes of the Court of Directors, but would allb have been impolitical for the Reafons he afiigned ; neverthe- lefs, the General judges a more advantageous Agreement might have been made for the Company, than the Sale of them for Fifty Lacks~of Rupees only. It is certain that thefe Two Provinces can produce Twenty-five Lacks of Rupees fcr Anr.nm. If this is the Cafe, which is too generally known to admit of a Doubt, the Vizier has purchafed them for Two Years Revenue; a Purchafe by much too cheap in the General's Opinion for Two fuch Provinces, confidering the heavy Expences which have accrued to the Company, over and above the extra Allowance made by the Vizier for the Charge of the Troops, to put us in Poflefficn, and to afford us a Plea for the Sale of them. The General is of Opinion that more folid advantages might have arifen to the Com- pany, by an Exchange of Country, in putting the Company in poiTeflion of all thole Lands lying South of the Ganges, in the Zemine Board, he o-ily llightly propoled. The Vizier was certainly in the Right when he acknowledged that fuch an Exchange would have defeated his Purpofe ; whith undoubtedly is to ac- cumulate as much Power, Wealth, and Country, as he poflibly can, and render himfelf a ftill more formidable and dangerous Neighbour than he has hitherto been. At any Rate the General is of Opinion, that befides the immediate A-ivance of a Sum of Money. a Continuiaion of Half the Revenues arifing from thofe Provinces /hould have bcea obtained for the Company for a limited Number of Years, to anfwer for the heavy EJC- pences attending the Garrifon of Chunar Gur, with its Magazine of Stores, fo ready at all Times for the Secuiity of thofe Province!, inftead of the Agreement for the extra Expences, winch are cmiy to bs paid when our Troops a>e abfuluteiy in the Field; ar >4 we are equally bound by the Treaty of 1765, to defend ihefe Piovinces, with the reft or' his Dominions, fince they are included by ttieir becoming a Part of them. But the General has already declared, he deems the Ceflion of Allahabad and Cor^h to the Vizier, a Meafure repugnant to ihe Treaty of 1765, with the King Shah AJiu.-n. And he further conceive?, that equal Advantages might have arilen to the Cocnpanj, without any Infringement of that Treaty, fince his Majefty would readily have agreed to give up his Stipend of 26 Licks fer Annum from the Company (already withheld from him), for the Reimplement of thcfe Province?, and have conferred the acluil Sunnudt or Grants for the Soubah of Bengal, 1'ahar, and Orifla, to the Company for ever ; wp.ich Sunnuds it is now mure than piobjble we fhill loon fee in the Hands of other Nations. As it may appear extraordinary to the Board, that the General, after having b^en <3<- firtd by them to meet the Prcfident at Bf nares, in order to afM at the Negociation?, he fliould difTent fo very materially to the prefent Treaty, the General thinks it incumbent upon him to declare to the Board, that he did, in conlequence of their Letter, repair to Kenares, and met the Prefident; but thatfo far from afiifting, or being required to alM, he never was prefent at any of the Conferences he'd between the Prefident and the Vizier on the Subjevft of tr.e Commiflion, excepting the bft Day, when every Thing had been concluded on, he wa* defired to attend to fee the Treaty executed between the President and the V.zier. The General cannot help regretting, that he Was called from the Army forlucha Hurpofe only, fince the Natives of Hindoftan, who judge of Things from their Appearance, without reflecting on Caufes, muft view bis Confequence in a leffer Degree than any of his Predeceflbrs, whom they have been taught to look on with Reverence and Reipa. The General did etpeft, confidering his Situation in the Service, at the Head of the Army, and a Member of the Board, together with the Share he has had in the political Tranfafiion c f AtFairs, to have been included in the Commiflion for negociarng with the Vizier on thefe Matters ; but he never fufpefled his Attendance at Benares Ihoiild be re- quired for no other vifible Purpofe than to lelieii him in the Eyes of the Native?. When Lord Clive was deputed to treat with the King and ihe Vizier, General Carnic attended, and afiifled at all Conferences between his Lordfhip and thofe Powers ; *nd fo much did his Lordfhip think it compatible wuh t^e Good of the Service, to roifc a Re- fpeft in the Natives for the Character of the General, with whom the Military Tranf- acuons w-re to be intruded, that he not only confulted with him in the Prt-fence of them, but joined alfo the General's Signature as a Principal to the then Tiearitc c-m- cludea on. When they have feen General Smith included in a Deputation with Two other Members of the Board, it cannot be wonderel at that they ftoul d (which the Vizier did in the Prefence of the General) exprefs his Aftouifliment at his being entiiely exclud- ed fiom every Concern in the prefent Negociations. The Geneial will not prefume to account for the Motives which induced the Board to place fo remarkable a Share of Confidence arid Truft in the Prefident, as to appoint him their fole Agent for negociating fuch important Matters, when the Corr.rmnder in Chief of their Forces, and Three other Members of the Board, were prefent. But confidering, however, that all the (receding Commanders of the Aimy have been included in Tranf- *lions of this Sort, the General hopes the Board will not (fteem it a Preemption in him to reqceft, that, it there has been any Part of his Coni'ufl which has given Occafion for fo pointsc an Exclnfion, that they will bs candid enough to inform him, in order that he may have an Opportunity of vindicating his Conduct, he flatters himfelf, to the Satis- faction of the Board. At the fame Time, he cannot help declaring, that he has already fcad an Opportunity of feeing the Effect of the Slight which has been ihcwn to his Sta- 3 tioa APPENDIX, K 34- tion ?n the Service, fnfomuch, that he is convinced the Influence and I/r.pcrtance v. h'ch if is ncceffary every Britiih Commander fl oulci be poffefTed of, who may be intrufted with Military Operations in this Country, connected with the Company's Allies, is deduced in him by this Aft ; and however he wight arturr.e a Dignity in him to fupport a Cha- racter apparently in no Efteem with the Government, it can only tend to create Ap-re- henfion from the Perfon detrimental to tr.e Intrreft of the .Service, without raifing any Refpeft for the Character. The General will dwell no longer on' the Subject in this Place, or fi!l the Confutation with Remarks which cannot now contribute to remove what is paft ; but he has judged it highly neceflary that his Sentiments on the Treatment he has receivsd fcculd appear on the Records of Your Confulutica. (Signed) Rt Barker. APPENDIX, N 34. Extra ft ef Ber.g al Secret Confutations, the qtb OElober 1775. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Governor General, Pre/idenr, Lieutenant General John Clavering, The Honourable George Monfon, Richard Harwell, 7 _,. . Philip Francis, I**** MR. Ttyler having been requeued to attend the Board this Day, agreeable to the Refolutions of the laft Council, attends accordingly. Read again, The Letter from the PreGdent and Council of Bombay, dated 134 Auguft, and recorded in the laft Confutation. Mr. Tayler acquaints the Board, That having drawn up in his PafTage from Bombay, fuch Reprcfentations as he thought neceflary to make to this Govemment, on the Sub- jefls which he has been deputed to treat on by the Prefident and Council of Bombay, he begs leave to deliver them in ; and they are read as follows : Honourable Sir and Sirs, The Honourable the Prefident and Council of Bombay, having deputed me to reprefent to your Honour, &c. the Motives of their Proceedings, in their Engagements with the Pailhwah Ragonaut Ballajee Row; the Situation of Affairs there; theDarger and Dif- credit that muft attend their Tieaty -with him, being utterly cancelled ; the f^n-ral In- terefls of the Company at that Prefidency, with other Matters as mentioned in their Ad- drefs of the zad Ultimo, I fljall now proceed to enter as fully and clearly as I am able on thole feveral Subjects. The better to explain them, it will be neceffary to advert to a Period antecedent to that in which thefe Engagements commenced ; for this Reafon, though it may at firft apceir foreign to' my prefent Purpofc, yet I truft your Honour, &c. will no: deem this Recapi- tulation an unneceffary One. In the ancient Conftituticn of the Maratta Empire, the Affairs of it were conducted under the fupreme Authority of the Rajah, by a Council confiding of Eight Perlbns, be- ing the Eight Principal Officers of the State ; by the lart Account I have /een of this Council, it confided of Brachmins, who were generally employed in all civil Departments of the State the Command of Armies and other Militaiy Matters were confided to the Maratta or Rajpute Cait. The Principal of thefe Miniflers in Power, wa? the Paifliwah, which literally means he who preceds the reft ; the Nature of his Office refembles that of the Mahometan Vizier. Pifwana'h Hallajee, a Brachmin, born in the Diftrift of Rahapore, from an inferior Stats in the Rug of Sahoo Rajah, rofe by his Abilities to the high Office of Paiihwah. By Degress he fo far gained on Ihe Confidence of the Rajah, u to perfuade him to divO himfd.t APPENDIX, N 34. j'l Cares of Government, and refign them entirely to him. Sahco accordingly invefied r.im with all the Enfign of Authority and Prweis incident to the Rajahfhip all Orders, 2nd every Detail cf Government, iflued immediately fr<.m the Paiftuvah j v.ho was further ftyled by the Rajah, Pundit Pradan, or Chief and Eleft of the Punditt j rh-< Form of Gcvernmert fublilis to this Day. On the Death of a Paifhwah, his Sue. ceilbr goe^ to Sattarah, in crdsr to be formally inverted with the Sirpaw of Office by the Rajah. Th-re is in the Poonah Durbar, a Perlbn nominally efteemed in fome Degree foperior even to the Paifiiwah ; it is the Pretinnery, who is the Delegate and immediate Representative of the Rajah ; and formerly his Fiat was neceffary to give a proper Vali- dity to all Acts of Government. Befides the fupreme Authority, the Sahqp Rajah had alfo refcrveii to himfelf a confiderable Degree of actual Force ; the Revenues of a large Diftrift were collected by him, with which he maintained a confiderable Body of Troops under his own immediate Command. The Paiftiwah, Kiffw.inath Ballajee, had well availed himfelf cf the Indulgence of the Rajah, by creating a Number of Adherents; for we find his Son and Succeflbr Bajerow Ballaiee, poflxfled in fa of the Supreme Power in the Maratta Empire, as he paid little or no.Repard to r.is Prince. The Rajah indeed polfeiTed at firft entire Liberty of Perlbn j but whether it was that the Paifliwah did it more effectually to fecure his Power, or that the Intrigues earned on againft him rendered it neceflary for his own Safety, the Rajah, was foon confined to Sattarah ; at his Death he was fueceeded by the prefent Rajah Ram, his adopted Son, who continuing under the fame ReftricUons as his Father, the Rajah, has ever fine? been a mere Name, an Image of Authority in the Maratta Empire. The Conquers of Chinnajee Oppa, Brother to Baajinn,firft engaged the Attention of the Prefident and Council of Bombay towards the Marattas. By the Acquifition of Salfette and BifTcin, they became our Neighbours, and as the P.imwah's Family alfo early turned 'heir Thoughts uv.\ard? the Eftablifhment of a Marine, it was forefeen, that fooner or later fome Points of Difcuflion muft arife, which might lead to Difputes $ it was therefore thought prudent to prevent them, by ftatmg our Rights in a Treaty. As the Rajah had formerly ceded to Bajirow in his own Right; ?.ll the Countries conquered frem'the Euro- pean?, it was feared the Attemp's of his Brother Chinnajse Oppa might not flop at the Portuguese Settlements: the Prelicent and Council feemed to think they might ei7e<3ually fecure themfelvts by an Application to the Rajah, and a Gentleman was iVnt therefore to him ; but judging, from the true Sta:e of Matters of that Court, it was juftly to be feared an Offer to treat immediately with the Rajah, might bring down on us the R?- fentmer.t of the Paiilnvah, fundry Articles of Agreement were concluded with Chinnajee Gsrfa, in behalf of his Brother Bijerow. Since that Time, the Rajah has never beea thought of; but finding the Paifhwah in abfolute Pofleffion of all Power, we have con- ftantly, in all Trznf'aftions with the Marattas, applied to and treated with them, as though they were the lawful Princes of the Emoire. The Wifdom and Policy of Bajerow firmly eftibliftiedin his Family the Power they had fu.ped; and accordingly on his Demife he was peaceably fueceeded in the Paifhwa'frrp by his : Ideft Son Bjiiaj^e B^ierow, more generally known by the Appellation of Nan- h ; who. in the Year i~5i, vv^s alfo regularly fuccecd.'d by bis Son Mhadarow Bulljjee, then a Minor of 14 Years. On the Dea-h of Manah his Brother Raeonarh Ballajee Row conducted the Affaire of the Maraita G. vtri.msnt as Rt;.f .-;: ourins ih Minority of his Nephew, the young Pairn- wah. There i? a Treaty fubf: in^. b 'wren t.'ie En^lilh and '.;hadarow t ("..'rrred under the Adminiftra'.ion of B ag- ba ; he cono'jcl?d Matt'rt during the critical bitna'io.i in which thelnvalion of the Nitsm had plugged the Mnrittas; and there, is no Aft to prove that ever he fought :o f!rr,br?ce the Oaportunity of the Pofleffion cf Power to frcure it to him- felf for ever, in Prejudice to the Rights c; h s K'-phcw. In all the CA-I! Di-partmenrs ot Gov?rnrtrent, the Paiihwaht continued to emphiy the Cart of Brachmini ; by the Inriuencs this gave them, they railed immenfe Fofiunes. Ii order to give that Security to their I'eri-.'.'s v.hich a large Fortune in this Country always fndanger?, their next Steps wrre - o create to themfclires a Con'eqnenc: ;' fh'"s they fought tO'ffetl by dividing th; Family of tie Paifcwa;i, ani occafronally iid::- : : v.i.ii ei'her Harty fs I'ulicy iii--erted. Hence early tegm thcfe S cnes of Intti?uef, from whence fprung the different Factions and Divific^ ihtnciiclvfs in the Minority ofMha,- darow, and have nearly brouzht the Power of the Pjimwah to a total Decline;" on the Ruii's of v.-i: ; . .-. in ihe Poona . The APPENDIX, N 34. The wife and ju.1 Adminiftration of Ragoba would have totally defeated the Views tbofe Men bad formed, of benefiting themfelves by the Minority of Mhadoorow ; they therefore ewrted every Artifice and Intrigue to deprive Ragoba of Power. Gopicaboy, the Widow cf Narmah, was a V/onun deeply given to Intrigu's of every Kind; nnd her fcandalous Lieentioui'nefi j uftly attracted the Reproach of oue fo nearly concerned in the Honour of the Family, As her Hi.iband's Brother. Hence fitft arofe the bitter Inveteracy of Gopica- boy to Rjgiba. The Minifters availed themfelvrs of thefe Circuraftances, and of her In- fluence with her ycong Son, to breed a Coolnefs between the Uncle and Nephew; and which ended in a delared Breach in the total Deprivation of Power, and at length, in fome Degree, in the Confinement of Ragoba. Their Ends thus compafTed in this Point, they induftrioufly adverted to the primary Ob- ject to which this was only intended to lead. All Favours of Government now flowed from the Minifters, and as none are granted in this Country without a valuable Confider- ation, by Means of Prefents and Peculations, thefe Men increafed their Fortunes and In- fluence to an immenfe Degree, whilft, from the withholding of the Tribute by the Northern Jaghifrdats, and by fuch other of the Pundits, on various Pietences, as couid purchafe iends to protect them, the Treafury of the Paifhwah became alrroft ex haufted ; and as Money alone commands Troops, his Confequence would have declined with it, but Mha- daoro'.v, as he advanced in Years, /hewed a Firmnefs arid Abili'ies which made him dread- ed and refpected by every one. In the fliort Time he governed, his wife Conduct and great Parts procured him the Refpect of every Power around him; and as he well knew the Delignscf the Minifteis, theie is no Doubt, had his Lite been longer, he would have ef- fectually reilored the Influence of the Paifhwah ; but unfortunately for it, he died in No- vember 1771, at the Age of 25, leaving no Children. The gradual Progr-fs of his Diforder giving him Time to reflel on the Confequence of his Death, .Mahdoo.Row, on perceiving his EnJ approach, revolved ferioufly in his Mind the Fate and Situation of his Family. His Brother, Narrow Row, who was to fucceed him, he knew to be a weak, hafty young Man, eafily fwayed by any Counfels, and par- ticlarly under the Influence of his Mother Gopicaboy, whofe deadly Hatred toRugobyhe was alfo well apprized of: He was feniible of the ambitious and independent Views of feveral leading Minifters, which, if not well counterdcted, muft in Time wreft from his Family the Power, and perhaps the Office, ofPai/hwah. In this Dilemma, nothing better prefented itfel?', than to repofe a Confidence in Ragoba. It was tiur, that Ragofaa had lately made fome fee et Steps towards Liberty, and an Accefiion of Power ; but, re- Heeling on the Appearance of his own approaching End, and knowing the Influence that would guide his Bro ter's Actions, Rag.iba's Attempt appeared to Mahdoo Raw onjy a prudent Aft of Svlf PreJe;vation : He therefore called them to him, explained his Views, remembered them of ;heir Anceftors, and, joining their Hands, conjured Ragoba to pro- tect the young Man, advifed Narrow Row to confide in their Uncle, and never to liften. to the Insinuations of their Mother Gopicaboy, whole deadly Hatred and Revenge he him- felf had expeiie/iced would flop at nothing to be gratified. For a Oiort Time after the Deceafe of his Brother, Narrow Row carried it fair to his Uncle ; it was fettled that all Eufjneis fhould be conducted by Ragoba, as Naib, fubjedt: to the Controul of Narrow Row ; and accordingly, when the Rajah inverted the htter with the Siryaw of Pai/hwah, he conferred on the former that of Naib. This Harmony was however foon interrupted by the Intjigues of the Minifters, but efpecially by the Afcendancy of Gopicabyy over her Son. MahJoo Row had advifed his Brother chiefly to regard the Council? of Saccaaram Bap- poo, the Duan ; but it feems his inclinations rather led him to attach himfelf to Nana Furncze, whof Age and Difpofition were better fuited to his own; hence arofe Two Parties in the Mmiftrv. His Confidants in the Intereftof Gopicaboy had inftilled into him jealoufies of his Uncle ; the Hatred of this fingular and enterpiizing Woman had received an additional Force from his Adoption of Inirut Row, a young Lad, in fome Meafure connected with Moodgee Bonfalo. This Adoption ftie reprefenteci as contrary to the Cuf- toms of their Caft, while he had Nephews of his own ; as fingularly unjuft, by depriving his own Family of the Riches he might die pufTefled of; and impolitic, as it might in Time tend to deprive their K ace/of the Pefliwahftiip; his Connexions alfo with fo power- iul a Chief as Mood/ye Bjnfalo was Ijkewife hinted as a Circumflance to prove his own ambitious De'igns. By thefe Arts and Infinuations, the good Coun'els of his late Brother were entirely effaced fiom the Mind of the young Pailhwah ; he deprived his Uncle of nil Power j then made him a Serf of Prifoner at large; aud, on Pretence of Ragoba's con- certing APPENDIX, N* 34,. certing a Plan with the Vackeel of Hyder for his Efcape, he, on the rith Apr'l 1773* clolely confined him to a Chamber in the Durbar, debarring him, as well as he could, of all Accef*. Had Narrow Row poflVfled the leaft Degree of Prudence, he might have remained ft- cure in the Paifhwahihip j for though, by the Irrigation of the Mother, and the Choice he had m.de of Confidants, lie had aeated to himfelf a deadly Enemy in the old Duan, Saccarum Bappoo, yet the Influence and Abilities of the Furneeaes, Nannah and Morra- biih, and their Adherents, were more than a Counterpoize to him ; but without the lead Share of Judgm-nt, and wholly devoted to low Vices and Pleafures, Narrow Row paid not t^e leaft Regard to any One j en the contrary, he behaved in fo feufelefsly imperious, and difregardful a. Manner, even to the Minifters in his own Party, lhat they became luke- warm in his Intetefts, and in Time fuftered him to fall a Sacrifice to the Machinations of his Enemies. It is faid that by Means of Modajee Bonfello, the Duan Saccaram received Advice of an Intention to aflafiinate him and Ragoba at the Inftigation of Gopicaboy. Certain it is, that this Woman was well known to have been conftantly advifing her Son to deprive him. of the Duanftup, which was the firft Step to the Lofs of Riches, and perhaps of Life. From this Inftant Saccaram and his Party fet about concerting the Means of depofing Nar- row Row, rtleafing RagoSa, and placing him in the Paifhwahfhip. Chiefly by the Means of the Intervention of the Duan, Mahommed Eforf and Sommer- fing, Two Subadars, were won over to execute the D;ed. On the iXth Auguft '773> at Two in the A'ternoon, they led their Party of 500 Men to the Du;bar, under Pretence of being muitered ; they forced the Gates, and put the Guard to the Sword. Narrow- Row, apprehenfive of their Defign, ran to his Uncle Ragoba, where the Adaflins found him, begging him to take the Government, but fpare his Life. Ragoba, it Teems, wi/hed to fave him, as nothing more than his Imprifonment was ever meant ; but, owing to the Refentment of a Slave of the Family, whom Narrow Row had caufed to be publicly whipped, his Death was determined on. The AiTafTins threaten- ed Ragoba to deftroy both, if he did not inftantly loofe his Nephew j he then thruft him from his Arms, and the young Man focn expired at his Feet. On the Death of his Ne- phew, Ragoba was inftantly complimented by the Duan, and other Miniflers in Poona, as Paifhwah ; he proceeded to the Difcharge of the Office. Nannah and Morabath Fur- neezes, with fonie in their Party, on learning the late Event, had inftantly quitted Poana, fearing they might hecome a Sacrifice to their Enemies ; but Ragoba, equally fenfiMe of the Defign of all the Minifters, had no particular Attachment or Averfion to any of them j and therefore found Means to calm the Apprehenfions of the Furneezes ; who returned, and refuming their former Officers, every Thing for a Time leemed to wear the Appearance of Peace 4 Ragoba fent his Son Jumrut Row to Sattarah, to obtain from the Rajah, irt his Name, the inveftiture of the Paifhwahfhip j which was accordingly granted, with every requifite Form and Solemnity. Every Officer in the Maratta State, then at Pbona, paid Ragoba the ufual Compliments on the Occafion ; and he was publicly and folemnly ac- knowledged by us as Paifhwah, in a Vifit efpecially paid him by Mr Moftyn, a Member of the Bombay Board, appointed by the Honourable Company to be their Rcfident at Poona, accompanied by the ufual Prefents, and the fame Proffers of our Friendfh'p made him, and Engagements to maintain the Articles of Peace and Alliance entered into with his Anceftor Bajerow, as hid ever been ufual on the Acceflion of a new Paifhwah t The Appearance of Tranquillity between Rag' ba and the Minifters was of no great Du- ration. Senfible of all their Defigns, he would place no Confidence in any of them ; hi had appointed no Duan, but tranfacled moft Affairs himfelf. It feems, that in Imitation of his Brother the Nannah's Policy, he wished to form a Body of Troops folely dependant on himfelf; to effedl this, Money was principally necelTary, and as Mahdoo Row jufl before his Death, had difiiurfed 80 Lacks of Rupees in Dii'chargeof the Sircar's D-bts$ and th Troubles during the fhort Reign of Narrow Row.had prevented the regular Receipt uf the Revenues, the Treaiury of the Pai/hwah was found very bare j to replenish it, Ra- goba leems early to have turned his Thoughts towards the Nizim Hyder and the Carnatic ; but being diffident of the Troops with him, wrote to Moodajee Uonfalo to cornfc down 2nd affiil him; and having joined his Army, proceeded againll ths combined Forces of the Ni- Zam, commanded by Rjckna ul Dowlih and Sliabajee Fionfalr>. Even thofe Minifters who had been moft forward in eftab.ifhing hfm in the Pai/hwah- fliip, never meant he fliould acquire the learY Degree of independent Influence, well knowing that the firft Effel of it would be an Invafion of their Treafure*. S eing him therefore at the Head of an Army leagued with Modajee Bunfah-, in a Way to acquire R*p, T. Ma Money, APPENDIX, NO 34. Money, and of courfc Troops of his own, their Apprehenfions led them to confederate againft him. On different Pretences fome left the Camp, and thofe who remained be- tr^yed Ragoba to the Moguls in an Action with ihe Nizam's Army, in November 17731 wherein he was not only defeated, but narrowly efcaped being cut off, as a Pait of the Enemy had been fuffered to advance to his Tent without Oppofnion, and dangeroufly wounded him before he could retreat. Notwithstanding the late Advantage over the Maratta Arnr.y, the Nizam thought proper to treat with Ragoba, and a Peace was concluded between them j Ruckna ul Dowla proroifing, on the Behalf of the Nizam, to comply with Ragoba's Demands of Twenty Lacks of Jaghire, and the Ceflion of Two or Three Forts , but the Nizam, at an Interview he afterwards had with Ragoba, pleading Poverty and Inability to comply with what his Vizier had promifed, Ragoba agreed to wave the whole Demand, on his engaging to aflift him with a Body of Forces on any particular Emergency. From whence Ragoba directed his Steps towards Hyder, from whom he demanded the Arrears of Chout ; and, as a Pretence to the fame Demand meditated on him, Ragoba wrote to Mahommed Ali, Nabob of Arcot, for. Afliftance, knowing" he mould meet with a Refufal. Hyder compromifed Matters by paying down 15 Lacks, for which he obtained the Ceflion of Three Provinces of Mudgewarry, Hanfcootah, and Chunderdroong. Hiving thus fettled with Hyder, Ragoba then declared his Intention of marching into the Carnatic, in Hopes to force from Mahomed Ali a Sum of Money as Arrears of Chout. The Profpect of Plunder attracting every Defperado who could mufter a Horfe and Sword, his Army was foon encreaftd to a very confidetable Number, and he was in full March towards the Carnatic, when his Attention was diverted to another Quarter. Juftly apprehenfive of Ragoba's acquiring fufficient Ft>rce to be wholly independent of them, the Minifters, while they yet had it in their Power, were determined to prevent him. Accordingly the two Parties united, and a Confederacy was formed under the Name of the Paunch Bhi, or Five Friends, Five principal Perfons being the Leaders of it. Their Intention was to haw fei zed Ragoba, and confined him ; to have carried on the Government in the Name of Gungaboy, Narrow Row's Widow, till the Birth of the Child me was then induftrioufly reported to be pregnant of, which, if a Boy, was to be proclaimed Paiftwah. On the Firft of January 1774, a Party of them feized Gun- gaboy and Fenfettyboy, the Wife of Suciabah, and carried them to the Fort of Pronder, the better to fecu'e, it is fuppofed, a Male Child. Somehow Five Brachmin Women, in the fame State as the Widow of Narrow Row, was faid to have accompanied her. Every Perfon fufpected to be in the Interest of Ragoba was guarded, and the Confederates immediately fet about collecting Troops to fupport this declared Rebellion againft the Paiihwah. Fortunately for Ragoba, he received the News of this Confederacy a few Hours be- fore the Miniflerials had advifed the Partizans in his Camp of their Defign, which gave him Time todifperfe thofe he doubted, and he retired to Gutti, a Fort under the Com- mand of Moratow Gorparah, a (viaratta Chief of high Influence. The Minifters now imagined his Ruin certain, as Morarow Gorparah had always inclined to their Party j but they were mifiaken, by his declaring and openly joining with Raguba. As the im- politic Avarice of the Brachmins had clearly evinced their Intentions to avail themfelve of their prefent PolTeflion of Power, by calling on the Maratta Chiefs for their Arrears, whenever a fortunate Event gave them Hopes of Succefs, many Maratta Chiefs quitted their Party, and joined RagoHa, which enabled him to face the Minifterial Army, and by a Stratagem, in the Month of March gained a compile Victory, taking Prifoner Trim- buckrow Mamah, the Commander in Chief", and One of the rnoft refpectful Partifans. This unlooked-for Event threw the Confederates at Pronder into the utmoft Con- ftfrnation, hourly expelling to be furrounde-1 by the victorious Army of Ragoba ; in thia Dilemma they had once Thoughts of releafing the Rajah Sutterah, and retloring the ancient Government, in order to gain over the Maratta Chiefs ; but juftly dreading the Evils they might bring on themfelves in Revenge for the Ufurpation of their Caft, they dropped all Thoughts of this Expedient, and had Recourfe to that of publiming the Birth of a Son to Gungaboy, the Widow of Narrow Row. This Child they immediately acknowledged as lawful Paifliwah ; the Panifans of Ragoba declared it to be a Fraud j and indeed the general Report at the Time, the certain Circumftance of the pregnant V/otnan who accompanied Gungaboy to Pronder, the Utility of it to the MiouteTial Caufe, incline;} many People then to doubt the Reality of this Child; and the Informa- tion fince obtained by the Refident at Poona, the Caution of the Miaifte.-s to c- nceal Cungaboj, APPENDIX, N 34. Gungaboy, by (isrrounding her Houfe with a ftrong wooden Fence, together with the Manner in which the Nizam treats this reputed Child in his late PropofaJs for Pacifica- tion, give; much Room to doubt the Authenticity of the Birth of Mahdoo RawNarraia. The Caufes of the fubfequent Retreat of Ragoba to the Country of Holcar, his Junction with Holcar and Scindia, together with all his Tranfaclions, and thofe of the different Parties concerned in the Confederacy againft him, til) the Period of his crofling the Tippi in his March towa/ds Poona, I find aie fully explained in the Letters from Mr. Moftyn, the Refident there, to the late Government at Calcutta, from April to Novem- ber 1774, and to them I therefore beg leave to refer your Honour, &c. for every necef- lary Information during that Time. From the divided State or the miniflerial Party, the doubtful State of thofe they deem their Allies, and the reputable Force of Ragoba, his Succefs feemed almoft infallible: The better to fecure it, he however, in the Month of Augoft, made Overtures, through his Vacqueel, to the Government of Bombay, for a Body of Troops to afiifthim; his Offers were fuch as could not be accepted confidently with the Plan laid down by the Honourable Company, as the grand and fole Object of every military or political Engage- ment which they were unremittingly to purfue, and conftantly watch every Opening offered by the Political State of Affairs to obtain, he could not be brought either to cede Salfette or BafTein. Exclufive of that, the Brachmins have ever fnewn a fingular Attention to deprefs every growing Power in the Weft of their Dominions, and have always beheld, with particularjealoufy, the leart Advancement of the Enjrliin Force there; their Point of Honour is concerned in the Preferatiun of thofe Territories : It it the Family I'roprrty of the Paifhwah, acquired by their fimous Anceftors, Chimmajee Oppah, and the only Forts and Countries that were ever conquered by Natives of Hm- doftan from the Europeans. It is net well known whether he had any juft Caufe to fufp:ft them, or whether it was only an Artifice of the Minift?rs, very ufual in this Country j but it is faid Ragoba intercepted Letti-rs to Holcar and Scinoia, wherein they feemed to be bargaining for his Deftrudtion. Alarmed at this, lie found Means to quit their Army, gave out that he was flying to Delhi, but turned off at Indoor, and joined Govend Row Guicawar, then before Brodera, who agreed to aiE(b him with all his Force. Their combined Army was then faid to confift of 40,000 Men. Holcar and Scindia, deeming Ragoba's Affairs defperate by his late Defertion, thought beft to enter ferioufly into Terms with the Minifters. A new Confederacy was then formed, conufting of iz Perfons, pirtly Brachmin Mnifters and Maratta Chiefs, under the Denomination of the Barrah Bhi, or Twelve Friends, the Acknowledgment of Mahdoorow Narrain, for whom they had obtained from the Rajah the Sirpaw of Paifnwah, and the total Cxclufion of Ragoba from all Share in the Government, was the Balis of their Agreement ; their private Stipulations were not known. Copy of the utb Article in the Treaty toitb Nizam Ally, dated the z^d February 1768. As the Englifn Company do not intend to deprive the Marattas of their Choute, any more than the Soubah of his Pifhcafli, which ufed to be paid from the Carnatic Bla. gAute, belonging to the Soubahderry of Viziaponr, now or lately pofiViled by Hyder Naigue, it is hereby agreed, and the Company willingly promife, to pay the Marattas regularly and annually, without Trouble, for the whole Choute, as fettled in former Times, from the Time the faid Countries fhall be under the Company's Protection as De*an; provided however thit the Mirattas guarantee to the Company the peaceable Pofleflion of the faid Dewannee 5 to this End, the Nabob Aufuph Jau promifes to ufe his beft Endeavours, jointly with the E^glifh and the Nabob Wolau Jao, to fettle with the Maratus concerning the Choute of the laid Countries, how and where it is to*e pa ; d, fo that there may be no Difturbancss hereafter on that Account, between aoy pf the con r tracking Parties or the Maratta;. Treaty with the Marattas, dated the \itl> Ocloler 1756, Article I. That the Maratta Government will never permit the Dutch to fettle, or come into their Dominions; but on the contrary iffue exprefs Orders to prevent their cairying on any Trade therein, M m i Article APPENDIX, N* 34. Article 2. As an Article regarding Maham River was included in the Treaty made in the Time of the deceafed Badjerow ; and it having been reprefented that the Bundorah Coolies have T>f late begun to let up new Filhing Stakes, which they ought not to have done in that River, the Maratu Government do hereby oblige themfelves not to permit thereof in future. Article 3. As Bancote and Hematgur have been delivered to the Honourable Company, the Ma- rattas do by thefe Prefents give them the following Villages towards defraying the Ex- pences thereof, and which are to remain the faid Honourable Company's Property for ever, and of which they are to be put in Pofieflion.without further Delay, viz. Velafs Bag, Manly, Chepolee, Vefwee, Coodook, Pundarree, Panam, Dafgom, and Comela. Article 4. It having been a Cuftom, during the Governments of Angria and the Marattas at Bancote, that the Sciddees received a Chotic, or Quarter Part of the Cuftoms, the Marattas engage to fatisfy the Sciddee in this Particular ; and that the Honourable Company do not meet with any Embarraflment concerning ir, nor concerning the Royalty of this River, which is hereby given and made over to them for ever. Jn cafe the Sciddee fliould difpute complying with the foregoing, the Engli/h declare it fhall not retard the Compliance with what may be mentioned in thefe Articles concerning the Delivery of Cheteah. Article 5. Cuftoms are to be levied by the Marattas on Goods which pafs up the River of Bancote only at Gorgom and Marr, and not any Let or Impediment in any of the intervening Places in the faid River of Bancote. Article 6. As Dafgom is a Pafs for the Verjarrahs, or Country Merchants, the Marattas enpa?e that fuch Goods as are carried that Way to Marr, either by the River or by Land, ftall not pay any Duties there, but or.ly the ufual Nickolla. Article 7. All fuch Subjects and Inhabitants of Bancote, Hematgur, and its Dependencies, as, on Account of the Difpnte with Angria, retired to the Maratta Territories, fhall, if they are content fo to do, be allowed to return to the Englifh without any Impediment from the Maratta Government $ and others, that in future may leave the Englifh, are to be per- mitted to return again, if agreeable to them, in the Manner above-mentioned j and fuch Subjects as mall leave the Maratta Government, and retire to Binccte, lhall have Liberty to return to the Marattas again, on their agreeing with them, and in fuch Cafe the Englifn will not impede them. Article 8. The Marrattas may export from the River of Bancote annually, for the Ufe cf their Southern Forts, &c. Grain of all Kinds, to the Value of Forty thoufand (40,000) Ru- pees, and it lhall be free from Cuftoms at Bancote j they fliall alfo have Liberty to export, Cufiom free, fuch Salt, Rafters, fmall Timbers, &c. as they may want for the Ufe of their Circar or Government ; and, in confideration thereof, the Honourable Company's Goods, to the Amount of One hundred and Fifty thoufand (150,000) Rupees lhall annually, in like Manner, be free from all Cuftoms, as far as Poona, upon Dalcaas or Certificates being produced on both Sides. Article 9. No additional Inland Duties whatever to be levied on the Englifh Gopds by the Maratta Government, but only the Raderage Cuftoms. Article jo. Jonardew Buttol Phudnefs Mahazon, with Ballajee Badjerow Pundit Praden, has a Patrimony in Velafs, of One Garden and Fifteen Begas of Batty Ground, which is to re- main with him ; in lieu or in confideration of which, Nandgoa Ccmpra is granted to the Honourable Company, Article IT. The Dutch Goods will not be permitted to be landed at Rajahpore, nor their Trade fuf- fered to be carried on there, concerning which the Marattas will give' proper Orders ; and the People under the Maratta Government are not to trade at Rajahpore j but if Difputes arife with Sciddee, this is to be no Obilacle to the Delivery of Ghereah, as will be men- a fubfeeucnt Article. Article APPENDIX, N 34.; Article 12. The Bramins, Inhabitants at Hurry Hurrafecar, and others that will pafs to and from thence on Pilgrimage, are to be free from paying Cuftorr-s in regard to the Nefceflaries that they may have for their own Ufe, or to perform their Ceremonies j but this does not ex- tend to Merchandize. Article 13. The Mahar Government to carry Grain of all Kinds, Timber, Wood, &c. according to the Cuftcm formerly obferved ; but as to the Power of the River, it is to be carried on agreeable to the Articles of this Treaty. Article 14. The Fort of Efwant Gur is to be eneirely demohfhed, and the Englifh on their Parts are not to make any Forts or Fortifications within the Nine Villages, nor by the Riven In like Manner the Maratta Government are not to make any by the River of Bancote, or in the Villages belonging to them. This Article, however, is not to exempt the Englifli from building fuch Houfes and Warehouses as they think proper, in the v'liiage.s belong- ing to tliem. Article 1$. As all the Royalty of Bancote and Hematgur is with the Englifh, they are to tke Caret as much as in their Power lies, to prevent the Enemy prejudicing the Marattas through that River. Article 16. Ghereah Fort to be delivered within Twenty-four Days after the Departure of the Englifh Gentlemen from Poona, together with fuch Guns, Balls, Store?, &c. either of the Fort or Fleet, that the Captors left for the Service of the Garrifon or otherwife, or did not thrmfelves fell ; but the Stores, Ammunition, &c. that properly belong to the Ho- nourable Company, they are to carry away with them. The Officers of Toolajee are to go where they pleafe, and if his Family (Wife and Children) fhould be defirous of returning to him, the Englifh will not impede it, but grant them free Liberty fo to do ; and the Jvlaratta Government engages, that Toolsjee Angria fliall have no Place given him, nor any Power below the Gaut: Ballajee Badjerow Pundit Praden is to fend an Officer of Credit with the Englifh Gentlemen, who is to proceed with One of the Council from Bombay to Ghereah ; which Perfon belonging to the Maratta Government, is to have in his PoffefCcn the proper Sonnodi and Orders regarding the Delivery of Bancore and itt Villages ; and when the Maratta People and Colours are got into Ghereah, and the Eng- Jifh rtady to go out, he is to delivt-r directly thefaid Sunnuds and Orders for Fort Victoria (or Bancote) and its fever.il Villages, to the Englifh Counfellor, and then return with that Gentleman to Barjcote diieftly, to fee Nannah's Orders are effectually executed in regard to the Villages. Article 17. Thefe Articles being concluded and agreed upon by both Parties, they are to aft con- formable thereto, in confluence of which, all Difputes are to fi.bfide, and no Claims are to be made by the Maratta Government on the Honourable Company, to the Date of thefe Prr fents. Article 18. All Treaties hitherto made between the Maratta Government and Englifh, are to be obferved and maintained inviolably by both Parties agietable to ihe Tenor of them. The foregoing Articles being agreed to by us, and accepted of by us, we do, in Confirm- ation thereof, affix to thefe Prefents the Seal of the Honourable United Engiifh Eaft India Company, and do atteft the fame with our own proper Names in Poona, the Pay and Ye;ir above written. Thos. Byfeld, John Spencer. APPENDIX, APPENDIX, APPENDIX, N From Gopatil Row Cunnafe. Received z-jth Dictmber 1775. 398. T HAVE lately received a Letter from the Seremunt Ragonaet Row Pundit J_ Purdham, containing a particular Account of the State of Affairs, and de- firing, that I would write a Detail of them to yon, and fend it by a trufty Agent. As this Account is very long, I have written it on a feparate Paper, and now inclofe it to you. It will be prefented to you by Dakut Row Billage, who proceeds to your Prefence, and will verbally acquaint you with every Circumftance. I am hopeful, that having well con- fidered them, you will give fuch Directions to the Gentlemen at Bombay, as may conduce to the Extirpation of the Rebels, and the Regulation of the Raje of my Brother Sere- munt ; and further, that you yourielf will alfo afford him Aid. By thefe Means, Friendihip will be firmly efhblifhed between you and Ragrruut Row, who will preferve the utmoft Gratitude towards you; and your Generofity on this Occafion will not be unprofitable. The Monarchs and Princes of former Times always afforded thsii Affift- ance to each other for the Protection of their refpedtive Dominions. Inclofed in the above, Particular! nlat'i-oe to tit Decan. 399. Bajee Row and Jumnajee Anna were own Brothers ; the former had a Son natred Bhow, and the latter Two Sons named Nanna and Ragoniut Row. Thefe Three jointly conducted the Affairs of the Raja. Bhow was killed in a Battle againft Abdallah at Pauneput. Nanna having the greateft AffeAion for Bhow, fliortly after died of Grief for his Lofs. Nanna left Two Sons, Madhoo Row, who had attained his Eighth Year, and Narrain Row, an Infant of a Year old. Nizam Ally Cawn, Hyder Naig, and other potent Rajahs and Zemindars, regarding Ragonaut Row and Narrain Row as Infants, commenced Hoftilities on every Side. As Ragonaut Row was the eldeft of the Three, he took on.himfelf the Defence of the Raje, and by his Bravery preferved it en- tire. He placed hit Nephew Madoo Row on the Mufnud, and fuperintended his Edu- cation. When Madhoo Row attained the Age of 1 6 or 17 Year', certain malicious Minifters infilled into his Mind Suspicions that his Uncle Ragonaut Row would fome Time or other difpoffefs him of his Raje, and feize on it himfelf, or at leaft would take a Fait of it from him ; that it was therefore expedient to put him undrr Confinement. Rag"naul Row heard of this, and perceived that certain malicious Miniftrrs were en- deavouring to make a Breach between him and hit Nephew (whom he always confuiered as his Son) by Means of lying Report*. " Had I defigned,'' faid he to himfelf, " to " pofiefs myfelf cf the Raje, I fliould have feated myfelf on the Mufnud at firft ; it will " be utteily unprofitable to me to remain here any longer, for where fuch a Number of " falfe and mifchicvous Men are gathered together, my Ruin cannot fail of bung fome " Tirnt- or o.her effecled. Such a baRow and Ragonaut Row were in confequence of thefe Intrigues; in which the ,'attgr was victorious, and brought Madhoo Row Piifoner. As Ragonaut Row regarded Madhoo Row in no other Light but in that of a Son, he went to vific him, and addrefied him in thefe Words : " You are my Son, and the Sovereign of thit Country j for the " the Piofperity of which I have .aken fo much Trouble, not from any View of the " Poffefiion of it." He conv? rfed for fome Time with Madhoo Row in this Strain of Encouragement, and afterwards replaced him on the Mufnud, and brought to condign Punifhment ths Mutfuddies who were Authors of this Breach. He took for himfelf a Jaghier of 20 Lacks cf Rupees to defray his Expences, and retired to Gulftiunabad, placing Siccaram Pundit (One of his own Mutfuddies, who was at firft a Servant at 4 R per Month, till railed to an eminent Station by Ragonaut Row) with Madhoo Row, as a Snperintendant of his Affairs, fo that he was in fact his Guardian, and was to trinket all 'he Affairs of the Government on mature Deliberation and Advice, confulting firft with Ragonaut Row om thence, and went to Surat. Before he quit- ted Goujsraut, he had concluded a Treaty with the Gentlemen of Surat and Bombay. On his Arrival at Surat, th; Gentlemen of that Place, as well as thofe of Bombay, received him with the utmoft Cordiality, and affifted him with fome Battalions of their own Forces, with which he returned to ihe Diftrict of Goujeraut, where he was again joined by h;s Forces who had difperlH after the iaft Battle. The Army of the Rebels, amounting to near 60,000 Cavalry, v:t re defeated Three feveral Times by Ragonaut Row, with the Af fiilance of the Engliih, and fled to Borhanpore. Although Ragonaut Row wifhed to have purfued them, yet, on account of the Rains, and the Necclhty of regulating the Affairs of Coujeraur, he delayed it, The Rebels then give it out, that a Son was born to Nar- -A P P E N D I X, N y 3-5. rain Row : As there were Ten pregnant Women with the Wife of Narrain Row In the Fort, it is tiot known which of them brought forth the Son. The Gentlemen of S int and Bombay are all acquainted with this Circumftance, having a Faflory at P>.cna. 'I he . Buncinbull of Goujeraut being completed, and the rainy Seafon at an End, Ragonaut Ro'v . ,-tci mined to proceed to Poona, when Letters from the Gentlemen of Calc'.uta were ro ce.iveJ by thofeof Bombay, directing a Cefiation of Hoflilities, and a Compliance with the Orders hich flioulU be afterwards lent them. The Expedition to Poona is accordingly flop- ped, and aCefl'ation of Anns has uken Pljce, which reflefis the greateft Diflionour on the Reputation of Ragonaut Row, and has caufed the utrroft Aftonifhment to all Ranks of FcDpie, who fay, '< It was formerly a Maxim with the Englifh, th.it if any One of their Countrymen commenced an Undertaking, and was not able to complete it, the Govern- rr.snt of the refpec'live Settlements, for their own Honour, aflifted him ; and if that was not fufficicnt, the Company engaged in it ; and in cafe that was ftill found inadsquate, the King of England farnilhed Money from his own Treafury for the carrying fuch Undeitak- ing into Execution j but now that the Englifh have eniered into Alliance with Ragonauc Row, when his Affairs are on the Point of being advantageoufly fettled, they withdraw them- lelves from the Alliance. How is fuch Conduct to b accounted for ? PoiTibly they have changed their ancient Maxims." With refpecl to the Report fpread by the Rebels, of the Birth of a Son to Narrain Row, Ragonaut Row fays, " If it is really a Fact, i' is *' well j he is my Grandfon, I will take Care of his Education. I am the proper Guar- " dian of the Infant and of the Raje j but who are thofe Rebels who fct on Fco: Uil", ? turbances, and would expel me?" Bengal Secret Confultat'iom, iztb February 1776. An Account of the Rife and Progrefs of the late DifTentions and Rebellion in the Miratta Government, as giveu by the Mmilterial Party at the Requcfl of Colonel Upton, jd January i "66. When Maderow Row, the elder Brother of the late Narrain Row, was Pefliwa, Rago- naut Row returned from a Wai they had been carrying on in Indoftan, and foon after told h;s Brother's Son, the Pefhwa, that he was beginning to grow tired of the public World, and wiflied to retire, to enjoy the reft of his Days in religious Ceremonies. The other replied, That he was his Uncle, or rather confiJered as his Father, his Will fliou'id be a Law to him. Ragonaut Row fixed on the Banks of the Gungha, near Guderury, for his RefiJence j the ifcftuva gave him Ten Lacks of Rupees a Year, te.ling him, if at any Time he iTnuld not rind that Sam futficient, he had only to command more. He ac- cordingly retired ; but in a little more than One Year, hs all on a fuddt;n took up the !>word, and without faying' a Word, aflemhled 15,000 Men. Maderow hearing of this extraordinary Meafure, which refembled more the Actions of a frantic Mind than any Thing elfe, went to his Uncle, attended by his Army, and aflced his Reafor.s for making fuch Preparations ? He replied, He wanted to make hirnfelf Pefhwa by Force of Arn-r. The other tcld him, It was exceedingly unnecefTiry to raife any Commotions, for that h was ready to give up to him all the Power, keeping only the Nan ;, that his Fjmily might not he irjured. At laft, he prevailed upon him to lav down his Arrns, anj leurs again to his Religion; where he continued for another YsMr, and then aflemolrd the lame Troops he had before. The Pefhwa learning thefe Grange Pioceedings, fent a Vackeel to him. In a few Days he received a Letter from his Vickeel, telling him, That nothing would fatisfy his Uncle but War. This being ths Cafe, the Pefliwa marched at the Head of an Armjr to the Banks of the Gungha, an.l did every Thing in his Power to perfuade him to hy afide his ftrange unbecoming Transitions, which tended to no'.hinj but the Ruin of their Family ; however, he would hear of no Terms of Accommoda ion, and a Battle enfaed, in which he was totally cWeated, and maiie his Efcape to .1 Fort b,_- longing to tht f c/hwa, whtre he was lecured and fent Pr. loner to Po^na, where he wat confined in his own Houfe, with Guards round the outer Doer, to pjevent his coming Abroad, or any of the Chiefs going near him without being prope'ly attended. Her.- r:e continued till the Pefliwa, who has been long Ikkly, fcur.J, that J-.is Diforder would foon carry him offj he therefore fent for ho Uncle, 'told him the Stare he was in, jr-.d fiid, He hoped hs had long laid afide all his hoftue Views; that afcer his Death, hi young Erolher w.mlJ become Ptfhwa, and ftand much in need of Afiiftance and Protec- tion of his Untie till he came of Age to rule by hiir.lcir, i.i:h hs ;;gw l^jeJ, oi hi* EEJ. V. N n Uft APPENDIX, X 35. lift Relief*, Rsjomut Row would fhiftly do ; an-i then ord-red him to be releaf;J. AfV?r vrhich he i'ent for his Brother, and delivered him ever to the Care of his Uncle, and died in a few Days after. Ragonaut Row continued in the Government of the State for fome Time ; and Nar- rain Row, no mar; thin the nominal Pefhwa only, yet ihewed great Regard and Attach- ment towards his Uncle ; Narrain Row went to vifit his Mother on the Banks of the Gungha. In his Ahfencr, Ragonaut Row wrote to Hydrr Naig, and fome other Princes, to requeft they would aflift him to ufurp the Pefhwor, and made his Efcape to his Uncle's Houfe, where he fell down at his Fest, gral'psd him by the Knees, b-gg-d and prayed he would fave his Life, and he might take every Thing elfe. The AllaiTins followed the unfortunate Prince, and murdered him, when imploring for Mercy at the Feet of his barbarous Uncle. For this ciuel Action, he gave the Cardies four Lacks of Rupees, Two Elephants, and fome Jewels. Ragonaut Row then took Pofieflion of the Peftiwafhip, and he being the only One of the Family remaining, the People fubmitted, or rather continued quiet for the prefent Time. Without waking to fix himfelf in his PofTefTior?, he immediately afiembled an Army of Fifty or Six-y Thoufand Mm, and marched agamft Hyder Naig. Sicca Ram Baboo and Ballajee Pudit attended him j but the Firft, when about 40 Cofs from Poo.na, aflted his Permiifion to return ; which he granted. The Latter made the fame Rcqueft in Tw9 or Three DJVS after, under Pretence of Sicknefs, which was alfo complied with. When Ragonaut Row was in the Carnatic, he received Intelligence that Narrain Row's W'.dow was big with Child. Being determined entirely to extirpate the Family of the late r'efhwa, he fent fome of the Airaflins of the Father to take the firft Opportunity of murdering the Widow and Child, fliould fhe be delivered of a Boy. The poor unfortunate Woman hearing of their being about her Houfe, fent to Sic- caram Baboo and BalUjee, to aflc whether they were Men or Women ? of the Firft, whether thry were not afhamed to fee a Set of Murderers reacy to cut the Throat of their late Mafter's Widow and Child ? They wrre at a Lofs what Reply to make ; but receiving Letters about the fame Time from foms of the principal Chiefs then with Ragonaut Row, defiring they would remove her to fome faft P.ac- till (he was delivered ; and that they would quit the Ufurper to join them, and fupport the Offspring of their late Pelhwa. This immediately deternj'red their Doubts, and they affembled; a few of their Fnen-is came unexpectedly upon the People fent by Ragonaut Row, imprifoned them, and removed fhe Widow to Poona Dhur, where fhe was foon after delivered of a Bo/. Ragonaut Ro^v was marching to- wards the Nnrbndda when this News was made public. The Minifters were immediately joined by the principal Chiefs, and their Army b." eatne fo formidable in a fliott Time, under the Command of Hurry Pundit Purkia, that they attacked and gained a complete Victory over Ragonaut R>w and rna Follower-, and difperfed them in furh a Manner, that he him'e'f with Difficulty ma^e hi? Sfcape to Sipat with about a hundred Horfe, and fought an Alliance with the Ensiiir. With the reft the Colonel is perfectly acquainted. Prm Sletaram Balu } Jated ill zyb 6f?um*a.i,-r */ jTa ', or J:,y. Rfcek-tJ :bt &th of S;ternber 1. 1775. The Cirrumftancfs. my FrienJ, are thefe. Fo-meriy the ftricleft Union fob fifed b.-- twe*n the Fiaiujr of the Pefliwa and the Bombay Sufiats, whicn was cemented by a 6 reat NumbsJ APPENDIX, N 35. Namher of Treaties ; hut by * fudlen Change of Fortune Narrain Row, being murdered by RasonautRow, the Cirtumftdrvces of which arc we.l known, by the Favour of God a Son was horn to the deceafed Kow, under whofe Shadow we were piotefltd. His Birth railed th Hopes of all Men, and he wa* Seated on the Mufnud of the Pefhwafriio. During the Lifetime of the late blelTed Row, I and Ballajee Pundit hail, undf r him, the entire Management of ail the Aftairc of the Government, and out of Gratitude to bim we ftill continue to exert ourfelves with the utmoft Alfiduity for ;h= Service of or Matter, and are alfifted therein by a!l the Dependants of th Pefhwa, bo'.h great and fm!l| moreover, the Nabob Nizam ul Mulk, adhwii>g ftri&Jy to the Righ s of his ancient FiisnJfli p, fiiews Favour aivd ICindMls to u. Alicia of Agreement m Or. Hyd" AuT * ' al>r ' and " ce U lbe b:b N mber I 7' 1 ' After Compliment*. Trimbuck Ro*, an Officer of the Maratta Army, who is encamped at the Diftanee of Ten Cofs from this Place, fends a Meffage to me from Time to Time, that he wants to go to the Gaut of Arcot, to recover his Choute for ao Ye?rs, and that he will abate me One Half cf what I owe them, and make everlafting Friendfhio with, on condition that I order rr.y Army, with Ibme Principal Officer, to accon-pany him thither. To which I fent him for Anfwer, That as a Peace has been concluded between me and the EngHfh King, under his Stai as well ss mine, and figned bv the Governor and Council of Bom- bay and Madia, I could not acl in Contempt thereto, and that we both are, thank God, going on agreeable to our above-mentioned Agreements, and will do the frme in future. He the faid Trimbuck Row, fcnt me Wo r d again, that if I have a Friendfhi? with the Englifh, why I have not received any Affiftance from the Company this Time? To which I gave him an Anfwer, that if my Occaficns will require this AiTirtance, they will grant me it upon my Application to thr Governor, agreeable to their Agreements; and that if he, Trimbuck Row. be difgufted at rr>y rcfufing to grant his Requeft, and may perhaps ma-ch asainft me, I will in that Cafe ftand to fight with him till Two Year?, fctit wfil no' givt him my Forces, nor will break my Word with the Engl'fh. On rry fending h m this plain Anfwer, he i? giving me more Trouble. Confidering my firm Friindfhip and Agreements wi'h the Honourable Company and th'ir Governors, I have already given, arid-will hereafter give him the fame Anfwers, ail wh ; ch your Honour wiil hear from others. Your Honour being my tree Friend, I have therefore given you this Notice in a friendly Way, and will in future act agreeable to your Advice. My Army lately fell upon the Marattas in the Woods on their Departure from thence, killed 4 or 5 Principal Officers, and many Sepoys, took of them feveral Palankeens, Afflaguers^ and 3 or ^.co Horfes ; my Troops had been as far as their Artiilery, but their Cur.s beir.g heavy, they coold not bring them away, but killed the Oxen and Elephants, and the Bearers thereof: My People are daily bringing ipo or 200 Horfes and Camels f/cm them. Your Honours will always pleafe me with your fricnOiy Letters. Tranflite of aT in:nr>6, or into my Countries, and both yours, as well *$ mv Cour.fy.wcuW have been ^rery eafy. They, have anlntcurion now to make Peace wi.h r.ie nny how, and march to Arcot j for which Porpof?, they are encamped near Sjringapatam, at the Diftance of 3 or 4 Cofs, A P P E N D I X, N a 35. A Cofs. Thfy fent me their Vackeels from Time to Time, promlfing to abate me One Half ficna what J juftly owe them, and to make with me everlafting Peace agreeable to my Wifbe?, on condition .that I aflift them with ray Forces agiinft .Arcot ; but I, con- fidering my Agreements with the Company, gave them a plain Anf*-er. We are difput- ing about this Matter for thefe Two Months, more efpeciallyon the Subject of Succour which they defire of me, fo that I have been fighting with them every Day almoft, and my People are, thank God, bringing from their Army in the Woods, from 50 to 100 Horfes, Camel?, &c. daily. Your Honour very well knows, that my Country is ruining for thefe Three Years, and although trie Company have not yet granted me their Aflift- ance, conformable to their Agreements, yet I for thtir Sake, and conformable fo my Agree- ments with them, am fending my Forces after the Marattas,to hinder them from making an Entrance into the Country of Arcot; of which I give you this friendly Notice, Your Honour will always pleafe me with ycur friendly Letters. ExtraR of tie General Letter to Fait Saint George, dated 24/6 November ijjt. Par. 8. The Earl of Rochfor^, one of His Majefly's Principal Secretaries of State, having lately intimated his Defire to u;, to be infoimed what Inftructions we propofed to give to our Servants in India, relative to the Alliance with the Marattas and Hyder Ally, and which of thofe Powers we meant to prefer in our Alliance ; we accordingly took the fame into our mcft mature Confideration, and on referring to your feveral Proceedings and Negociations, as well as our own Orders, the Treaty made with Hyder in 1769, and a Letter we have lately rtceived from Sir Robert Harland, on this moft important Sub- ject, whereby we are told, that the Marattas had acceded to his Propofals for a CeflUtion of Hoflilities between their Nation, the Enplifti, and the Nabob of the Carr.atic, until fuch Time as His Majefty's Pleafure fhould be known ; we at length, after weighing all Circumftances with the utmoft Attention, offered our Opinion as follows to Lord Rocliford: " That it will not be equitable or advantageous to depart, if it can poflibly be avoided, *. f from the Neutrality which has been hitherto maintained, and which the Company are " moft anxious to preferve throughout all Hindoftan, fo long as Hyder Ally fhall continue " to obferve the Conditions of the Treaty of Peace, concluded between him and the Com- " pipy the jd April 1769, by the Prefidency of Fort Saint George, ftipulating, that in " cafe either of the contracting Parties fliall be attacked, they mall, from their refpective " Countries, mutually aflift each other to drive the Enemy out; and alfo the Treaty ** made between the faid Parties, on the 8th of Aupuft 1770, by the, Prefidency of Bom- 44 bay, ftipulating, that the Nabob Hyder Ally ftall not aflift the Enemies of the Eng- < lift, nor, on the other Hand, fliall the Englifh aflift the Enemies of the Nabob Hyder " Ally. And the Court of Directors are further of Opinion, that no pofitive Orders can " at this Time be given to the Governor and Council of Fort Saint George, on this moft " important Subject, on the Part of the Company, further than to recommend a Perfe- " verance in forbearing to join either Hyder Ally or the Marattas, unlefs it fhall appear " to the Governor and Council of Fort Saint George, abfolutely neceflary for the Com- " pany's Intereft to take Part with either of them." 9. It is therefore our Pleafure, and we hereby direct, that you pay the ftricteft Regard to our faid Opinion, and fo far as lies in your Power al agreeably thereto. jo. Yet notwithrtanding this our Opinion, if it mould hereafter appear to you upon full and well-grounded Information that the Marattas or Hyder mould have entered into fuch Connections .s might endanger the Welfare of the Company, we then cannot hefitate to direct, that you no longer obferve the Neutrality fo heaitily wiflied for by us, but pur- file fuch a Line of Conduct as may defeat the ill Conferences of an Alliance with our Competitors. APPENDIX, APPENDIX, N 36. APPENDIX, N* 36. Extraflof Poona Diary, yb September 1773. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Member* of the Select Committee at Fort William. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, THIS is principally to acquaint of an extraordinsry Revolution that tcok place here the 70th Ultimo. Thst Day Two Subedar? , Mahomed Efoof and Sumeriing, hav- ing been brought over to Ragoba's Inteieft (who has been clofely confined for fome Time paft by his. Nephew), marched ro the Palace, with about 500 Men, on Pretence of being muftered : and after having cut. off the Guard at the Gates, rulhed in. and killed Narrain Row } about ar> Hour after, Ragoba was proclaimed in Town ; and the Whole was over in a very little Time, without Noife, or much Btood/hed. There has been frequent Re- ports of Schemes being formed for Ragoba's Releafe, but they have generally bren de- tfted before they came to Maturity $ however, this was carried on with fuch Addref.", that it was put into Execution before the necellary Precautions could be taken to prevent its Effects. By what I can learn, rnoft of the Minifter? were concerned in this Affair ; notwith- ftaading which, Ragoba now feems jealous of them all, and places his fole Confidence in bis Army, which he is recruiting with the utmolr Hatte ; but whether it will be ftaunch to him is yet uncertein, and cannot be determined till Defibrah, when he means to go to Setterab, to receive the Sirpah of Peftiwa from the Rajah, and afterwards take the Field. J fhou'd have informed your Honour, &c. of the above immediately on its happening, fcad I not wiflied to hare acquainted you with what Turn Things would take } and though, J have waited till now, it's imporT.ble to fay with Certainty (People are fo divided in their Opinions) what may attend this Change j but it's generally believed this great Empire, which now reils upon Ragfbn's fingle Life, cannot long ftand. Should he continue to difttuft the old Mmifters, who are only able to fupport him, they will be drove to the dif- agreeable Necefiity of forming Parties for their own Safety ; and it's moft probable the bordering Powers will not fail to avail themfelves of fo favourable an Opportunity of leizing what they can. MQrxbjee Bonfello in particular, who has a large Army on Foot, is, it's faid, aifo a good Soldier and Politician, and may, from being a Relation of the Raja's, form Pretenlions to the Government, and not ur, likely take this Opportunity of attempting at fccuring it. Jn fliort, in this Confufir.n of Affairs, nothing can be depended upoh ; but after Ragoba has been to Seiterah, I fliall be better able to judge j when, fhould any material Alteration; happen, 1 will inftandy acquaint you therewith. I am, with Refpect, Poona, Honourable Sir, and Sir*, 5th September 1773^ Your moft obedient humble Servant, From Ragonaut Row, received the 27th October 1775, Though the Minifters of the Sirkar had been the Authors of Difturbances and Com- motions, and had ated in the mod ungrateful Manner, 1 neverthelefs, in Confideration their ancient Services, pardoned fheir Offences, and confirmed them in the Adminiftration of Affairs on (he fame Footing as formerly, and proceeded my felf towards tbe -Carnatie. In the mean Time thefe perfidious Men entered into Alliance with the Nabob Nizam Ally Khan, who had long acted treacheroufly and deceitful^ towards me, and by Mean* of the Aid which he afforded them commenced Hofijlitics. By (fee Favour of the Al- mighty the firft Baitle was well fought 5 but as all t'n fortified Places were in their PofTtfiion, 1 thought proper to go to Goujeraut, where I applied to the General of Bom- bay, who was my oid Friend, and well verfed in Affairs for his Alliance ; and all Matters being fettled between us, a Treaty was ratified for our jointly afting againft tho Enemy, and bringing them ro Punifhment, and for my Eftabli/hment in the Govern^ iwea:. Acccidisgiy *n Army from Bombay was fcnt to affift mej and by the Blefling of God APPENDIX, N 3 36. God the Rebels were entirely defeated in 5 or 6 feveral Battle.', anJ fid half de the Decan : We ftiould have immediately purfued them, but conlidering the Difficulty of tranfporting the Englifh Artillery and Ammunition to fo great a Diftance, during the rainy Seafon, J cantoned near the Fort of Burroiula, to regubte the Attain of Goujeraut. Ttoe rainy Seafi-n being at an End, I was delirous of proceeding to the Decan, when Letters from you were received by the General of Bombay tor a Ccflation of Aiins. This filled me with ihe utmoft Allonirtiment, as it is notorious that it is the Cuftom with the Eng!i(h for all the Company's Sitdats to ratify and carry in'o Executicn whatever any One of thtm has engaged j and this is alfo incumbent on the Company ihemfelvei. What then can be the Reafon of the Step you have taken ? PoGbly the Rebels hive mifrepre- iented the Affair to you ; but fuch Conduit, is incontinent with the Fiiend&ip between me and the Company ; and till the prefent Time the Englilh have never teen guilty of a Breach of their Promife or Engagements, nor will they ever. Tueir Name is famous throughout Hindoftan and Decan for having brought to Pumflimfnt the Difturbers of tl*e Public Peace j nor can 1 ever believe that they will puilue d oiffcrent Conduct. The good Faith of the Company is univerfally known j with a View ro which, and for the Sake of their Honour, it is necefTaiy that you aft agreeably to the Treaty en'.eied into bv the General of Bombay, which will be laudable in the Sight of God and Mao. Friend- fliip requires that you immediately write to the General of Bombay to carry the Treaty inio Execution. Preferve inviolably your Engagements, and let not any Thing prevail t n you to devia'e therefrom. Mr. Tayler, a Counfellor of Bombay, is en his Way to you j h will communicate very fully to you all the Particulars of the Treaty, an.l the Enmity of thole perfidious Men. Four Months after they had fet on Foot thefe Di/burbancej, they tpiead a Report that a Son was born to Narrain Row. Mr. Mailing was at that Time at Poona, and is well acquainted with every Ciicumftanceof the Affair, which r.e will leprefent to you to your Satisfaction. You are alfo an Englifliman ; ail in fuch a Manner as to leave no Room for any Reflection on your Nation. Let me frequently have the Pleafuie to hear from you. ExtraB cf Poona Diary, :be 28'^ December 1773. Judging it neceffary the Gentlemen at Fort William fliould be advifed of the Situation of Affairs, addreiled ihcm in the following Letter : To the Honourable Warren Hailing*, Efquire, Prtfident and Governor, &c. Members of the Select Committee at Fort William. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, I laft wrote your Honour, &c. the zgth Ultimo, Duplicate of which is enclofed* Agreeable thereto, the Maratta and Mogul Armie. continued near each other feveral Days, during which fome Skirmifhes enfued, in which the former were generally w or/led ; not- withftanding this, Matters were accommodated between Ragoba and the Ni?.am the gth Inftant, when the latter met the former under a Tent pitched between the Two Camp?, and afterwards accompanied him to his own Tent. It fecms Ragoba had fiift demanded of the Mogul Twenty Lacks of Jaghirr, and Two or Three Forts, which they contented ro give, but afterwaros this Dtmand was given up, in confederation of their long Friend- flrip, and the Nizam's ag.eeing to aflift him on any Emergency with a flipulated Number of Troops. Thus the Difputeis for the piefent fettled; but whether the Peace is fincere on both Sides is a Doubt, for Ragoba has evaded to return the Nizam's Vifit, and fome Points feem Hill not to be aojufted to muiual Satisfaction, as a Vackecl is yet negociating for the Marattas at the Mogul Camp. Ragoba was by the lateft Advices at Culberga, Thirty Cofs to the Wcftward of Buder, where he is treating with Hyder's Vackrel. enJ talks of lending an Army cf about 20,000- Horfe towards the Camatic, but whether to intimidate Hyder, or endeavour to induce Mahomed Ally Cawn to pay the Arrears of Chout, is uncertain. It is faid he means to difpatch Ragajte Bouncello (Moodajee's Son) v-ith the Title of Sine Siab Soubah, and J.inajee's Widow, to Berai, and arterwarcs return to Poona ; which /hould he do, it is not improbable but he niay lend fome Troops into Hind ftan. I (hall make it my Study to dilcover if thefe are his Intention?, and when I can gain any Information regarding it, will inflmtly acquaint you therewith ; though the prelent Face of Affairs appear favourable for Ragoba, yet the fame Diftrtift and Mifunderftanding continues between him and the old Mm-rters, as I before advifrd jour Honour, &c. nor has he appointed a Dcwan, but carries on every Thing^ hin-.felf, whichx APPENDIX, N 37. which makes many continue ftill to think his Government is far from being firmly eftabl.flied. I am, with great Rcfpeft, Poona, Honourable Sir, and Sirs, agih December 1773. Your mo ^ cbecient humble Servant, APPENDIX, N 37. R ExtraS cf Bengal Sekfi Confutations, the yb Mtrcb 1774. EAD the following Letter from the Prcfident at Poona, dated 31^ January. To the Honourable Warren Hastings, Bfijuire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Gentle- men of the Select Committee at Fott William. Gentlemen, Your laft Favour, though dated the iptb November, did not come to Hand till the Iith Inftant. Long before your Honour, &c. Commands reached me, I, in my differ- ent AddrefTes (Duplicate of the laft of which is enclofed), advifed you of the Situation of Affairs here, and alfo with the DifTatisfaclion of theMiniflers to Ragoba's Government; they did not, however, openly appear to aft againft him till Yeficrday Morning, when Three of them, Nanna Furnefe, Hurry Punt Furkiah, and Anunt Row Jevagee, carritd offGungaboy, Narrain Row's Widow (who is Seven Month* gone with Child) afiJ Per- vitty Boy, Sudabah's Wife, to Pronder Fort, All the old Miuifters and Biamin Officer* to a Man, with Subajee Bouncello, are concerned ; and I am informed Madajee Scindia, Tookajee Holkar, and even the Nizam, notwithstanding the late Peace, are 10 the League againft Ragoba. The Minifte.-s have got together a very large Force,' under Trimbuck Row Mamma, and Subagee Bouncello, faid to be Sixty thoufand Men; but they yet do not feem to be fixed on the Mode of carrying on the Government. Some fay they mean to take out Sudabah, fo long confined in Dolatabad Fort ; but it appears to me, from their prefect Conduit, as if they meant to feize on the Pefhwaihip themfelves, or carry it on under the Name of Gungaboy and her IflTue ; for Orders have already been fent to the different Forts, &c. in her Name and Natrains Row's. Suca and Chokeys are placed on every Perfon fufpefted to be in Ragoba's Intereft ; indeed many of his Friends have been impri- foned. Ragoba, as I informed your Honour, Sec. in my laft, had fome Thoughts of returning to Poona ; but I have Reafon to believe he is difiwaded from it by the Intrigues of his Enemies, who wiflied him as far as pofiible from the Centre of his Dominions, that they might have the bettrr Opportunity of carrying their Schemes into Execution j for by Letters I received Yefterday from his Camp, he was advanced fj far beyond the Chriftnah as Dalari. Bui as foon as this News reaches him, I ihould fuppofe he will give over all Thoughts of foreign Affairs, and be under the Neceffi'y of attending to his Safety only, though there is very little Reafon to think he will be able to ftand before this formidable Combination, particularly fo as t&e reatcft Part of his own Araij are againft him. From the foregoing Troubles your Honour, &c. will perceive the utmoft ImpofiibiHty of this Government being able to make any Attempts this Seafon, or for a longer Period, to regain their PolTellions in Hindoftan, for fo far from having any Idea at prefent offend- ing the Troops thither, even Madajee Scindia, anJ Tookagee H'Ukar, as before obftned, arc expected co penoria a Part in the Sctn;s that are now atting in the Decan, 1 am, with Refpeft, Gentlemen, Poona, Ycuj moft obedient gift January 1774. ' humble Servant, 7 T 3 , P. S. APPENDIX. N 37. P. S. Siace doling the above, I am credibly informed there is not the haft Thoughts of taking out Sudaboy, b-it that the Minifters abfolutely mean to carry on Things in Gungaboy's Name till (he is biougbt to-beci: Had they releafed Sudaboy, from his known Abilities, this Government might in Come Meafure have been re-eftabiiftted : but from their omitting to do it, there is great Room to apprehend the Whole will go to Deduction. ExtraSl of Bengal Secret Confutations, the gtb May, 1774. Read the following Letter from the Refident at Poona, dated 3refervation of their own Country. The Minillry, who have again found Means to appeafe the Nizam, feem folely to de- pend on him ; they fome Time ago, on his difgracinj his Vizier (which I now have Keafon to believe was only a Finefle), fent him a confiderable Sum of Money, Sunnud* for the Country to the Amount of Twelve Lacks and a Haifa Year, and a Promife of moie, with fundry Forts, when Affairs are fettled ; on which he reftored Rucknah Dovv- lah to his former Credit, and once more engaged to aflift them. But even if he is fincsre in thefe Promifes, as he is now quiet at Aurugnabad, and it 5s faid will not take the Field till after Kamazan, I ihould conclude his Succours will be of li'.tle Utility 5 for if Ragob* advances at all, he moft likely will be here before that Period. Ragoba's Party here have done nothing fince my Lift. Many Attempts have been made by thofe at Pron'der, to bring them over to their Inttref! ; nay, the P incipal of them has been offered the Dewanihip, which he refufed ; and, from the Inability of Gungaboy's Friends to fecure their Oppofers, though they remain in Poona, the little Harrrony that fubfifls among themfelves, and the general Face of their Afiairs, moft People are of Opi- nion, without fome fudden Event occurs in their Favour, Ragoba will fncceed again/I them; however, ihould this happen, the Bramin Government is too much impoveriflied and divided, to be able, for fome Time at leaft, to make Head with Succefs againft thofe who have taken the Advantage of thefe Troubles to encroach. Hy;er Ally Cawn's Forces fome Time ago reduced the Fort of Gurrumcoonder, which was the laft Place of any Confequence remaining to the Marattas, to the South of the Jungbahader ; and fince this Acuuifition, he has been employed in conquering fome, and levying Contributions on others, of the moft troublefome Pollygars in his Neigh* bourhcod. Poona, I am, &c. November gth, 1774. (Signed) T. Moftyn, APPENDIX, N 39. Ex(rafl Bengal Secret Confu/tationt, 6'b March 1776. THE different Bands of Marattas, which iflued forth after the Invafinn of Naider Sbav.-, to ellabliih themfelves byConqueft on the Ruin of the Mogul's Empire, were moftly Rajeputs, and conoucled by Chiefs of their own Caft; whether Chance directed it, or whether the Bra-r.ins thought thefe Chiefs the fitteft Defenders of their new acquired Empire, I cannot pretend to determine ; but be that as it may, they were fixed on the Frontiers in the different Countries they had fubdued. The Firft of tbefe is the Bonfalo, who has Pretenfions to the Succefiion to the Ra]a. fliip, and poflefles the Piovince of Berar, and Part of OriOa ; although he has generally afled in concert with the Poonah Durbar, yet he has found Means to hold his Dominions totally independent of it. Next in Power to the Bonfalo, are the Guicawar?, who poflefs the Province of Guzerat. After the Guicawars, the Holkars are efteemed the moft powerful 5 this Family have the Province of Mabao. The Scindan hold as their Jaghire the Province of Ugeir. Th APPENDIX, N 40. The Guieawar, Holkar, and Scindia hold their Countries by hereditary Plight, and main- tain a certain Qtiota of Troops, always raAy to join with thofe maintained by the Durbar of Poona, when the Ocrafions of 'he State require. The Maratta Empire may then, I think, be faid to confift of Five different States ; the Poo/ia Durbar, the BonfaJo, the Guicawars, Holkar, and Scindia j of which, as repre- fcnting the Rajah, the Poona Durbsr may be deemed the Chief. The minifterial Confederacy is an Affociation of certain Individuals, Servants in the Poona State, who, for Reafons beft known to themfelves, have attempted to wreft the Go- vernment from its lawful and acknowledged Ruler. E XtraEl of a Letter from Maba Rajah M dajte Bbofila, iqthjuly; received 6tb OfJober 1779. Although the Marattas are in Pofleflion of ne*r 300 Forts bu'lt of Stone, furnifoed with all Kinds of warlike Stores, andean in cafe of War collect into One Body near 200,000 Cavalry, befides the Nabob Nizam ul-Dowlah, and others alfo, who are all alarm- ed at the Encroachments of the Englifh into the Decan, and are waiting a favourable Op- portunity to repel them ; and although their Mode of making War and Activity is fuch, that they will in One Night gain a Dittance of 50 Cofs ; both eating and fleeping upon their Horfes, haraffing an oppofing Army on all Quarters, and cutting off all its Convoys and Supplies; making the moft furious Attacks on it wherever they find an Opportunity, retreating, and returning to the Charge; laying Stratapems by pretended Flight, !o draw Parties of the Enemy to purfue them off, by which Policy they have defeated all the Chiefs and Rajahs of Hindoftan, to wit, Sefoo Dhaycih, H?dah, Cotchowana, and Ranna, &c, as alfo the powerful Ameers, in a Multitude of Battles, and reduced a!! thofe Countries to their Subjection, and have at all Times afforded their Alfiftance to the King : Yet, notwithftand'ing all this, the Engliih propofe. without having made preparations, or col- lected the NecefTaries of War, to overcome them by a trifling Effort, and to reduce them to Obedience - This ii really aftonifliing, Copy of Intelligence from Hyderabad, llth March; received \yl> March 1779. At Safood, Halcur and Sindeah got the Paha Sirdars, that is to fay, the Chief of the Sirkars* private Cavalry, in which confifts the real Strength of Nanna Purnaveefe and the other Minifters. APPENDIX, ^ 7 ' 40. Extrafi of Bengal Secret Confutations, 9 Ofiobtr 1775. TO form the better Judgment ef the Force and Expe*ration of the Two Parties, it may not be amifs to take a (light View of the State of Affii's in the (VJaiatta Em- pire at this Period, and of the States around, fo far as they may have any Relation to them. The Bonfello is by fjr the moft formidable of the Maratta Chiefs, both by the Extent of his Dominions and the Goodnefs and Number of his Tr -ops. The late Jannajee Bon- fello having no Children, had adopted his Nephew Ragojce, th Son of his ^oungrr Bro- ther Moodajee Benfello. This occafioned a warm Dilpjie between (he furviving Bro- thers Shabajee and Moodajee, the former claimed the Right of Goveinmen'- ,.s the tldev Brother, and the latter as Father and Guardian to the adopted Ch.ld 5 the Minifters hairefiors of the Eajl India Company j dated the lotb Novtmber 1773. 4. X7"OU will perceive that our Conduct with regard to the French, through the J[ Courfe cf Jaft Sealon, has bren perftctlv confonant to the Line you have been pleafed to mark out to us in your laft Letters. We have ever oppofed their ill-grounded Pretenfions, ted wherever it was nccefcry, held out the Authority of the Country Go- vernment to reftrxia them, without appearing the acting Power ourfelves. They how- ever ftill continue to deny the Jurifdi&ion of the Country Courts over them or their Coscerns, and have even infilled on the Right of fending European Agents, and rfta- blifiiing fubordinate Facloiies wherever they think fit. We have in Return requeiled of them to produce the Firmaunds by which they hold this Right j and they have promifed to furnifh us with attefted Copies of them. In th: mean Time the Matter refts without any decifive Steps on either Side. 5. While we thus oppcfe their unjuft Encroachment?, we are not wanting in affording them tbat Protection in their fair Dealings which our Situation enables us to bcflow. An laftonce of this will be feen in our CgaJuct towards Friar Antonio da Lux, a Portuguefe 7 Father APPENDIX, N4i. Father, refiding in the Diftricis of Dacca, who of his own Authority feized the Effeh of * Frenchman deceafed, and fold them without rendering any Account. On Application from the Director and Council of Chandernagore, we ordered the Friar down to Calcutta, where he would have been regularly proceeded againft, had they not agreed to refer it to bis own Superior, and requefted us to let him repair to his Convent for that Purpofe. 6. We hsve continued with the Dutch on the fame amicable Footing as before. They, as well as the other Foreign Companies, concurred heartily with us in the Mea- fures we took for preventing the Introduction of the Plague into Bengal , and they have alfo teftified their Defire to fecond us in thole we have purfued with regard to the Embargo on Grain* Extratl of a Letter from tie Governor and Council of Bengal to the Court of Direfiort of the . Eaft India Company, dated i-jtb OElobtr 1774. To the Honourable the Court of Directors for Affairs of the Honourable United Com- pany of Meichants of England Trading to the Eaft Indies. Honourable Sirs, lo. The Vizier having reprefented to the Prefident, through the Refident at his Court, a ftrong Defire to obtain an English Officer in his Seivice for the Command of a regular Battalion, which he propofed to raile, difcipline, and pay after the European Manner, and to employ chiefly in the Protection of his Perfon, and to be a Check upon the mu- tinous Difpofition of his own Troops, which he had too often experienced fince the Recal of Captain Harper's Battalion ; and we, taking this Requeft into Confidfration, confented to it, and permitted Mr. Lane, a Lieutenant in your Service, on the Recommendation of the Prefident, to be employed in that Station; and further left with the Governor the Nomination of fuch other Officers as might be neceflary for completing the Battalion in the Manner the Vizier propofed. XI. There has no Alteration occurred in the Situation of the Nabob of thefe Province, Moborek ul Dowla, fince our laft Advices ; his domef+ic Affairs ftill continue under tliC Controul and Mangement of Munny Begum, upon the Plan which was eftablifhed for them by the Governor in 177*, of which you were fully informed. Munny Begum how- ever, has lately applied to us through the Refident at the Durbar, to get the Nabob's Allowances paid by Lunar inftead of Solar Months, as fettled at that Time ; alleging, that by the Cuftom of the Country (he is obliged to pay the Servants, and others of the Eftabl./hment, by the firft mentioned Terms. In Reply to this, we informed her, that it waj not material by what Terms the Payments were made to the Nabob, for the whole Stipend could not exceed by your Orders 16 Lacks of Rupees per Aar.urr.^ and that Sum by the prefent Mods was completely allowed to him, 12. Mahmud Rcza Cawn made Application to us Jn June laft, for Payment of the Arrears of Salary due to him at the Time of his being removed from his Employment, amounting to about Five Lacks ; but the Enquiry into the Whole of his Conduct being now in Reference before you, we decline complying with his prefent Requeft, until fuch Time as we fhould obtain your Judgm.-nt upon it. 13. We advifed you, in our Letter by the Refolution, of the Canclufion of the Cooch Bahar Bufinefs, by the Treaty of Peace agreed to between us and the Deb Rajah This Treaty has been fince ratified on bo h Sides, and we are left in the quiet Poffefijon of that Part of the Country to which they agreed to cede their Pretenfions. 14. Soon after th ; s the Prefident received a Letter from the Ta moo Lama, who is the Guardian and Minifter of the Delai Lima, or the Sovereign and High Prieft of all Thibet. The Letter itfelr is a Curinfity of BO common Sort, and is replete with Sen- timents that do Credit to both his Ecclefiaftical and Political Character. The frefident, on Receipt of this, thought it a fit Opportunity of attempting to open an Intercourfe be- tween thefe Countries and Bengal, which you have often recommended to our Attention, and which we think may be of confiderable Advantage in a National View. 15. In purfuance of thefe Ideas the Prefident laid before us fuch Lights as he had been able to acquire into the State of that Country, from the Report of the Perfons who brought this Letter from Tefhoo Lama, and others who had penetrated in the Way of Trade into that Country} and propofed that a Company's Servant fhourd be fent with a Letter in Anfwerto the Lama, and with particular Inftruclions to inform himfelf of the Nature and State of the Country, and of the Advantages which a Communication and a free Trade with thefe People offer to the Company, or to the Nation j and alfo to make Orerturts for efUbliftuoe fuch a Communication with then. 16, PJ6 APPENDIX, N 41. 16. He further recommended for this arduous and important Charge, Rfr. Ceorge Bogle, one of your Servants, whofe Merits and Abilities we have already had Occafion to notice to you, and who, by his Patience, Exactitude, and Intelligence, eemed peculiarly fitted for It. We affrnted entirely to the Prefi.ient's Propofitions ; and Mr. Bogle was accordingly difpatched in June hit to the Lama, with a Letter ana fuiuble Prefents for him, and was allo provided with various Samples of Goods, to ai'ceitain what are moft probable to become tlie Objects of chat Commerce ; and we allowed Mr. Hamilton, A0i/t> ant Surgeon, to accompany him in the Expedition. The great ter-gth of the Journey, and the natural Difficulties which Mr. Bogle has \o encounter, from the Severity of the Climate, and the Rudenffs of the Country through \vhich he is to pafs, will nccelfarily make it a confiderable Time before we can receive any Accounts of the Succt fs of hia Million ; buc we have the greateft Reafon to believe that he w.ll meet no Obftruclion from the People, nor incur any perfonal Danger from them. The Prr fitient tells us that he has received Accounts of him from' feme of the Stages of his Jet to lay L^u- ,ii'- iioard. 17. Soon after the Departure X)f the Rcfoluticn in Match lafl, agreeable to what we then advifed you, we fent our Secretary naf of Cloths in the Country. We found in general thefe' Complaints to be ill-foum'ed^ or at lead grc;tly exaggerated, particularly in the Inftance of One a>:aiaft the Refidsnc at Malda, and the Gomaftahs under him, for taking by Violence th-- Clothe v.hich the} had purchafed with ready Money. But as we wifh as much as poflible to avoid every Subject of Difpute with thetPj we direfted tlie ReF.dent to interfere as little as poffible with their Rf. V, P p Purchifesj APPENDIX, N 41. JPurchafes, but to allow the Weavers full Liberty to work for whom they pleafed, provided they fulfilled their prior Engagements to us. In the fime Spirit, we ordered a Gomaftih at Buddau! to be dilmiiTed the Service, on a Complaint from the Dutch, merely becaufe he appened a troublefome Man, although not abfolutely guilty of the Fad with which they charged him. , ^^. The Danifh Government of Frederickfnagore laft Summer infor.T.ed us of their Intention to eftablifh a Factory at Patna, and applied to us for our Intereft and Friendship o procure them a Sunnud from the Nabob for that Puipofe. As we have experienced the moft friendly Difpo;-tion towards us in the Danifh Nation, and have always found them quiet and unambitious Traders, we agreed to employ our good Offices with the Nabob for them, giving them to underftjnd a: the fame Time, that they were to hold thenr.felves bound to comply with the general Regulations which had been adopted for better carrying on the internal Commerce of the Country. We do not find that their Sunnuds are yet xpedited, they requiring fome Explanation of their Privileges, which a;e not yet ptecifely ascertained 5 tut we believe the Matter will be foon fettled, without much Trouble to either Party. 23. Having thus ftated minutely, for your Information, the whole Occurrences in this Department fi nee our laft Advices j and, as in the Ciofe of this Letter, we have un- doubted, although not regular Intelligence of the Rohilla War being actually ended by a Treaty between the Vizier and Fyzoo,a Cawn, of which, no Doubt, you will be more ac- curately informed by the fubfequent Difpatches by the Britilh King, we think it proper to recapitulate the Caufes on which this War was founded, and the Advantages which have refulteri from it. 24. You was informed by our Advices cf 1772 and 3, of the Neceflity wh'ch induced Us to 'tarry cur Artr.s beyond the prefcribed Line of your Inftrnctions, into the Rohilia Country, for its Defence againft the Marattas, whofe rapid Progrefs and unbounded Am- "bition at that Time threatened all Hindoftan, and who had actually reduced the greater Part of that Country ; through which the Accefs was opened to the Vizier by the only Quarter of his Dominions wanting a defencible Barrier. 45. Our Records at the Time when this Subject was debated, will fuffider.tly manifeft the extreme Diffidence and Reluctance with which we at laft refolved to pafs the Line of the Vizier's Dominions with our Forces. The actual Orders of the Company confined us Vithin the Limits of our own and his Poffeffions ; yet they had promifed to furnifli us with Inflections, wherein a greater Latitude of Action on particular Occafions would be allowed and recommended. Thefe very Promifes certainly implied the Poflibility of Cafes happening, wherein more extenfive Meafures were thought advifeable and r.eceffary } hut the anfettled State of the Company's Affairs at Home has, we fuppofe, prevented ds> from receiving the promiied Directions for our Conduct, and left us without a Guide at a very critical Conjuncture, which feemed to call for extraordinary Meafures, and an icn- inediate Exertion of our Strength, to give a timely Check to the accumulating Progrefs of the Maretta Power. Such wete the Circumflances aod the Occafion which firft dictated to us the Meafure of pafling the prefcribed Bounds. 26. On this Occafion, as declaredly on all others, we acted as if ignorant of the Re. ports and Ar.vices received from Europe, which informed us that the Company was pre- cluded from refolving on any clear Line of Action; that Supervifors were appointed to fuperfede the actual Government of Bengal ; that a new Adminiflration was to be form- ed ; and that the Right of the Company and the Nation to the territorial Poflrffions was ftill in Debate. We confidered our.elves as acting for the national Benefit, and afTumed an extraordinary but a dangerous Degree of Refponfibility, for the Sake of promoting the Attainment of that Object : It was therefore refolved to expel the Marattas from the Ro- hilla Country. 27. The Vizier, whofe Aid had been folicited by the Rohillas, undertook their Defence againft the Maratta*. An Agreement was entered into for this Purpofe, and a foiemn Treaty ratified between the Vizier and Hafiz Rhamet Cawn, in Behalf and with the fx- prefs Authority of all the other Rohilla Chiefs, in the Prefencs of General Sir Robert Barker, the Commander in Chief of our Forces, by whom it Was attefte d ; wherein, upoii this Service being effected, the Rohilla Chiefs bound themfelves to pay to the Vizier the Sum of Forty Lacks of Rupees. The Vizier accordingly took the Field, joined by One of our Brigades, and fulfilled his Engagement, by cxp-iling the Marattas from the Rohilla Poffefiion*. Notwthftauding which, Hafiz Rhamet, and the reft of the Rohilla?, pe- remptorily refufed to acquit rherfifelves of their Part of the Agreement ; and they not only thus infringed the Treaty, by withholding the Stipulation Agreed upon, but tieacheroufiy APPENDIX, No 41. affixed the Marattas againft the Vizier with Supplies of Money, whi'e he was afluaJ!/ engaged, by virtue of the Treaty, in repelling them from the Rohjlla Country. This laid the Foundation of the prefent War againft the Rrh'lbs, and was the Firlt Motive which induced us to join our Aid to the Vizier, in chaftifing them for their Perfidy and Breach i. f Faith. 28. The Agreement for entering with the Vizier upon thi new Mrafure, appeared to us a fit Occafion for eftablifhing the Company's Alliance with him upon a Footing of mere adequate Advantage to them. Hitherto they had held the labouring Oar. The heavy Burden of an enormous military Expence, under which they were ready to fink, they had conftantly fupported, while the Vizier, by the Tenor of the Treaty then exifting, without contributing to eafe the Company of this Weight, experienced the principal and the only immediate Advantages refulting from it ; thofe acquired by the Company being remote, and conflfting merely in the Safety of his Coun'ry, which was a Barrier to theirs. Al- though we ftill continued without the Lights which had been promifed by the Court of Directors for the Guidance of our Conduit, yet in the'r Letter of the 28th Au'guft 1771, they expreffcd in ftronger Terms, than ever th;y had done b-fore, their Intention, in cer- tain Cafes, of auihorifmg our Departure from the definfive Principles h'therto recommend- ed and enjoined. The'e Confiderations determined ns to ava'l ourfeives of the prefent Opportunity of aiding the Vizier againft the Rohillas, as the Means of obtaining the pro- poled Advantages to the Company. 29. With this View the Prefident was deputed to give the Vizier a Meeting at Benares, and to conclude a new Form of Alliance ; in which he was authorized to comprehend the RohillaEnterprize on fuch adequate and permanent Terms, as fhould indemnify the Com- pany for the Expences at all Times incurred in the Visier's Aflirtanee, and on fuch otbtr mere immediate Conditions as were fuitable to their extraordinary Service. A Trt-aty was accordingly concluded, which in the original Draft included both thefe Objects, namely, the Agreement for the fixed monthly Subfidy of Two Lacks Ten thoufand Rupees for the Expences of our Troops when employed in his Service, and the Payment of" Forty Lacks of Rupees for the projected Reduction of the Rohillas. But the Rohilla Expedition wat at that Time fet afide^ from the Irrefolution of the Vizier, while the Subfidy which had been conceded in cohfidention of our AlTent to this Propofal ftill remained an Article of the new Treaty. The Vizier afterwards renewed his Proportion to attack the Rohillas, and it was again debated in feveral fucceffive Meetings of .the Board, as recorded in our Proceedings of the a6th November 1773, with the Reafons'at large, which determined us'ultimately to refolve on a Compliance with the Vizier's Requifjtion. A Brigade wat accordingly ordered into his Country for that Purpofe. 30. Every Circumflance that could poflibly favour this Enterprize, by an uncommon Combination of political Considerations and fortuitous Events, operated in support of the Meafurc. ift. Juftice to the Vizier for the aggravated Brfach of Treaty in the RohiUa Chiefs. li. The Honour of the Company pledged implicitly by General Barker's Afteftafion for the Accomplifhmentof this Treaty, and which added to their Alliance with the Vizier, engaged us to fee Redrefs obtained for the Perfidy O f the Rohillas. 3d. The Completion of the Line of Defence of the Vizier's Dominions, by extending his Boundary to the natural Barritr formed by the Northern Chain of Hill*, and the Gange? and their Junction. 4th. The Acquifition of Forty Lack? of Rupees to the Company, and of fo much Specie added to the exhaufted Currency of thefe Provinces. jth. The Subfidy of Two Lacks Ten thoufand Rupees per Month, for defraying the Cbargts r>f One Third of our Army employed with the Vizier. .r!ty. (Signed) John Cartier, Richard Smith, Cla.d Rnfleli. Signed, fealeH, and fclsmnly fworn to, according to their lefpeclrve Faith.":, by the contracting Panics, at Benares, the *oth Day of November, in the Yetr of oar Lord 1768, in the Prefence cf Us, (Signed) Gabriel Hir r r. C. W. Boston, W. M. Ccxc. I promlfe to diiband all the Trocps which I DOW entertain exceeding the Number of Thirty-fire thouiand Horfe and Foot, and to comply with all the Articles fiipuiitexi in the Treaty within the Space 01 Three Mcnihs. Wrltte . the i 9 -h of the Month Rejib, the Year of the Hegiri n8, which aafwtt* to the z^th November I /(3. APPENDIX, N* 43. SmtraEi aj a lititr from lit Gcvtrncr ar.d Ccur.cil In Benga! f to tie Court of DtreBort of the Eafl India Comfany; dated tid &gjl 1774. Par. 4-TN onr Adices of Jaft Seafon, we informed you of the Steps we had taken to- \_ wards the difcha sji -p of our Temporary Loan of 1773, and 'educing the Notes of 1769 and 1770, to a Dcb-t bearing an Intereft cf Five/*r Cot. Thefe Points were accordingly long fince rffcclcd, and 'he whole of :ho;"e Bonds difcharged at the Treafury, excepting to the Amount of Current Rupees Five Lack* Eighty-fix thoufand Three hundred and Forty-three, Oae Anna, and Three Pife, uncalled for, which lies as a Depofit with- out Intereft in vour Trrafurv. We have now the Pleafure to inform you, that lately on a fummary Review of our Funds, and an Eftim tr of our probable Receipts and luues un- der certain Head?, we came to a Refilution ct diicbarging entirely, by the i ft January next, the whole Notes of 1771, to the Amount cf Twenty-five Lacks Seventy tboofand Nine hundred and Fifa-fix R, One Anna, and Niue Pife, befide Intereft, and hive given public Notice accordingly. 5. There will then remain of the old Debr, a principal Sum of C< R s , Seventy -nine Lacks Eighty-nine Thoufand Three hundted and Twelve, and Four Pife, befides the new Loan at Five fer Crr.t. which we are in n Doubt of paying off in the Coorfe of a few Years, provided our Expences are confined v, "iin th; Bounds to \\hich we lately re- duced them ; that a great Part cf our Army cort . ues employed and paid, by the Vizier ; and that he is punftua! in tht other Pap ents which he is engaged to the Company. The Cc'.rfe cf Events is not in our Handt, but v have ventured ro pledge our Eadeavours for accorcpliiing this dtJ;rable End, 6. We APPENDIX, N 43: 6. We have alfo the Plcafure to inform you, that thefe Operations on the bonded Debt have fo far raifed the Credit of the Company heir, thit we have had further considerable Sums of Money offered us on Loans at Five per Cent, per Annum, We have accepted o the Amount of R s Fifteen Lacks Fifteen thoufand One hundred and Fifty-three, Ei';ht Annas and Six Fife, which we applied, as already noticed, towards difcharging the Bonds of 1769 and 1770, but have been obliged to refufe the reft, as we had already found Re- Sources for discharging thofe of 1771, and the Sum offered was not Sufficient for paying orTthofe of 1772, and before next Year, we hope to be able fn.m our own Funds, and what Loan we may then find neceflary, to extinguish, them at One Payment. 7. We are the better pleafed with this Introduction to a reducing of your Current: Rate oflntereft, as it is the pure and uninfluenced Effect of the profperous State of our Fi- nances, and leaves us at Liberty to promote it without making it our own Aft. 8. The Prefidency of Bombay have again applied to us for a large Supply of M^ney, fetting forth their DiftrefTes in the ftrongeft Terms, and requesting immediate RelieV. We have anfwered them, that the State of our Finances and Demands here did not enable us to furnifh them to the Extent they required, but that we would cheerfully lend our AfTiftance in the moft fpeedy Manner, As far as Fifteen Lacks we had engaged to Sup- ply them within the Courfe of the Year, could we find out the Means of Remittance, but that it was not in our Power to obtain Drafts here to the Amount of above Five Lacks, and that from doubtful Hands, and at the exorbitant Exchange of One hundred and Twelve Siccas^>e Eaji India Company, dated the \"]tb Ofioker 1774. To the Honourable the Court of Direclor?, for Affairs of the United Company of Mer- chants of England trading to the Eaft Indits. Honourable Sirs, This Letter, prob*biy the laft which we fhall have the Honour to addrefs to you, is intended to be Sent by the Britiih King (Captain Hoare) whichfwe have appoin'ed the Firft Ship for Europe; but as in all. Appearance her final Diipatch will fall under the Direction of your new Government, we muft refer you to them for the Advices rcfpecl- ing her Cargo, the Regifter of Treafure, and the Lilt of Certificates and Draughts, and Other Paragraphs, which ofually rlofe oar refpeftive Advices. The certain Accounts of the Arrival at Madras, of the Tranfports which bring out the Gentlemen appointed by Aft of Parliament to the Supreme Council, and consequently the Probability of our Adminiftration ceafing in a very few Days, have induced us to ad- drefs you fully at this Time from all our Departments, deeming it moft expedient for us, and that it would be more fitiifaftory to you, that the Report of laft Year's Occurrence* ftould come immediately from ourfelves, and that we mould have an Opportunity of ac- company- APPENDIX, N4 3 . .ing it with our own Obfervations, fubmit'.ing all to yoor Judgment, In Hopes of t fiora you that Approbation, which to deferve, has been the conflant End cf all ..Hvours in the Execution of the important Trufts which you have hitherto been p bcfed to repofe in our Hands. Our prefent Advices will therefore contain every Tranfaclion of this Seafon, fince the Difpatcbes of the hft, ranged under proper Heads, not yet mentioned by us j and wil] be accompanied with a broken Set of the Ccnfultations during that Period, as well as a Re- ply to the feverai Letters received from you by the Shipping of this Seafon. You have alfo herewith Copies cf ours of the lid of Auguft laft, to which we refer. Since the Date cf that Letter, the Dutton, Captain Rice; tne Bute, C=ptain Bendy and the Pacific, under the Command of Mr. Williamfon, Chief Mate, arrived jn the River ; Captain Barclay of the laft, died at Sea off Ceylon, in the Way to Madras. We have alfo Advice of the Calcutta being arrived fafe at Madras ; a Packet by her, addrefled to the Governor General and Council, lies for them in our Hands. The Britiih King, which laft Year after a proper Survey we difcharged the Service, has been lately brought round to this Port from Bombay, whither /he had been carried by Captain Hoare, for the Purpofe of receiving a thorough Repair. Captain Hoare im- mediately on his Arrival in the River, made a Tender of his Ship to us for thi Com- pany's Service, producing the Certificates of the Ship Builders at Bombay, of her having undergone fuch a Repair; on this we accepted of his Tender, and, on the ufual Report from the Mailer Attendant of her being fit to r-ceive a Cargo, immediately appointed her, as we have before mentioned, the FirftShip for Europe direftJy. The Ships, according to the prefent Detonation, Hand for Difpatch as follows : 'Britiih King, For Europe direQIy /Pacif w from Bombay. r Speke For Madras * Dutton I Sea Horfe. We had propofed to have difpatched the Speke, Captain Jackfon, to Madras in tne Month of Auguft, as an early Ship for that Pre fid ency ; but were obliged to depart from that Refolution, in confequence of a Reprefentation from Captain Jackfon, of the Im- poflibility cf getting his Ship out of the River, by reafon of trie Weaknefs of his Crew, and other Impediments, before the laft of the Month, which would throw him too late to arrive at Madras, and take in his Cargo before the Change of the Monfoons. The Sea Horfe, the only other Ship in the River, being but juft arrived, and not being pre- pared for Departure, we. were obliged to defift from our Intention ; but to prevent, if pof- fable, aay Difapp ointment from this to the Prefidency at Madras, we acquainted them of it immediately, and defired them to flop any of the Ships of the Seafon, at their Plea- fure, which they fttould find at their Port after the Reeeipt of our Advices j unluckily, however, the Ships were all departed before our Advices arrived, fo that the only Remedy v,e have now Icft/is to fend an additional Ship to them in the latter Seafon. On Applications from Captain Gammage and Captain Bendy, we ordered their refpect- ive Ships, the Afu and Bute, up to Calcutta to be repaired. Every Thing that is wast- ing to the laft, we believe will be completed in proper Time ; but we are given to un- derftand, in a regular Report delivered to us by the Mafter Attendant, the Company** Carpenter, and th?ir Officers, of a Survey held on the Afia, that flie is in a Condition totally incapable of receiving any effectual Repair, and that fli muft be broken up j we hav therefore thought proper to turn her out of the Service. Our more late Advicei by this f^rre Opportunity will moft probably give you an Account of the Meafures which may be taken u> lupply the Place of this Ship. On an Information received from Madras, of a Quantity of illicit Trade having bren received on boand Maunds. The Contrail however with Kinker, was judged to be the moft beneficial, by the Exclufion or the Letter E ; and is accordingly in Force. We did entertaining moft fanguine Hopes, that after the Firft Difnculries, neceilanly attendant on the Introduction of the new Mode of winding at the FiiatU'es, were fur- mounted, it woulrl have been attended with the Advantages there appeared fo much Reafon to ejpeft from it ; and although it has not yet anfwered thofe Expectations, we are fiill willing to hope, that its Succefs will in the End --ake ample Amend? fur paft Difappointments. As a Token that the new or Italian Method is likely 10 fpreaci itfclf through the Country ; we mentioned in our laft, that it had found its Way into the Hands of private Adventuiers. Propofals were foon after tendered to us, through the Chief of Coffimbazar, for the Provifion of Seventy Maunds of Filature Siik upon Mufter, at the Rate of Sicca Rupres 14.8 for the Firft, and 14. for the Second Afijrtment ; which, upon the Report of the Export Warehoufe Keeper and Examiner, were accepted. Mr. Wifs, one of the Snperintendants of the Fila'ures. hav:ng reprefented that the new Mode of winding might be profecuted with Succefs at Jungeypore, we gave Permiffion for a temporary Building to be erected there ; and the fame was in Hand when Propofais were made to us through the Chief of Coinmbazar,. for the Provifion of One thouland Maunds of Filature Silk, to be ir.anufacYured atjungeypore, and delivered by March 1777, at the Rate of 14 Sicca Rupees fer Seir of -jz Sicca Weight, ftipulating alfo that the temporary Building (hould be carried on at the Expence of the Contractor, and delivered up gratis, for the future Ule of the Company at the Expiration of the Contract. He at the fame Time offered to ptrvide Eiijht hundred Maunfs of the Bengal Affortment, at the Ra;e of ten Sicca Rupees fer Seir. Thefe Propofals, though made by a Servant of the Company, and the Export Warehouse Keeper of the Factory, appeared to be cal- culated for the Advantage cf rhe Company fo far beyond any other which we \veie liktly to obtain, and the Security for their /'erformance fo good, that we gladly , and without fiefitation, accepted them. Our Realbns are fully afla/ned in the Proceedings of the C.omptroler, noted in the Margin. On Receipt of your Commands, dated the a^d October 1773. refpefHng the Tonnage for the returning Cargoes of the Ships taken up for the prefent Seafon, we caufed a Cal- culate to be laid before us of the Ineftment expected to be provided at this Prefidency, together with the Remains of laft Year ; from this it appeared, that we (Tiould be able to turnifh Cargoes for Five Ship", according to the new increafed Rates of Tonnage, and vour Orders for loading them, with Surplus ; and the Prelidency of Fort St. George having aupiied to us for Three Ships to return with full C.-rgoes from the Coaft, we wrote to Bombay, requefting they wnulJ affiii us with One of the.Sl.ips configned to their Side of India this Seafon, befides the Bntifn King of lafr. Year; with this thsy have complied, as appears by the Dsftination of your Shipping already mentioned in the Paragraph. Fourthly, of the Trade of India, Country, Government, and Transitions with the Euro- pean Powers. The Director and Council for the Dutch Company, have this Year applied for, and ..-en allowed the fame Quantity of Salt Petre they received hft Year. The French Commander at Chanaernaeore having likewifc requeftcd that a Quantity of Sdt Petre, to the Amount of 10,000 Maunds^ Ihould be granted for the Ships of their Nation, we poftponed for fome Time our Cin.pliancr- with this Requeft, in Hopes that your Orders might dircit our Cone uft in this Particular j but i-\- Subject not being mentioned in any of your Advices hitherto received, we agreed to grant them the Quantity defired. We have alfo received an Application from tiie Dimes for iz.coo MaunJs, which has .?:>ted them, The APPENDIX, No 43 , The Fund arifing from the Saving of the Nabob's Stipend, &c. has accumulated fo at to enable us, at differed Times, ta pay oft", viz. 15 Annas of the Reftitution to the European Sufferers ir he rr yge to China, we informed the Governor of Mocoa cf this Cir. cumftancf, leaving it to him to ieek Reparation of Captain Mercer himftlf, on his Ar- rival at that Place. APPENDIX, No 43. Ac Captain Mercer 5s a Man of eftabliflicd Credit and Reputation in this Place, we are inclined to believe the Complaint to be without Foundation net indeed, in fuch Cafes, do we know of any Power refjding in us to afford Redrefs, which we believe can only be obtained by a regular Suit at Law for the Recovery of the Property alleged to be carried off. We have thought proper to make this Remark for your Confideration, be- caufe we are liable to receive Reprefentations of this Sort from the foreign Settlements, Without knowing precifely how far we ought to interfere in procuring Satisfaction for them, Fifthly, of Fortifications and Buildings. Soon after the Difpatch of our Letter, per Refolution, we received Mr. Phipps's An- fwer to the Call we made on him for an Explanation of the Caufe of the bad State of the Filature built !y him at Rungpore, of which we then advifed you. He not only pleads in his Juftification the Loofenefs of the Soil on which it ftands, but alfo reprefents, that from the fame Caufe it was not in his Power to obtain good Materials for making the Bricks, fo that they were originally defective- That, further, the Workmen (there having formerly been no Brick Buildings in that Province) were fo aukward and fo flow in their Bufinefs, that they were Two Years in carrying it on, by which it became un- ufually erpofed to the Rains before it was finifhed- --That, fenfible of thefe Difadvan- tages at the Time, he reprefented them to his Superiors at Coffimbuzar, and alfo endea- voured to guard againft them, by giving an uncommon Degree of Thicknefs to the Walls, as well as Depth to the Foundation; but that after all, fo far from the Building being totally unferviceable, it is ftHl complete for 56 Furnaces, and by Means of a temporary Building, which he immediately run up en the Failure of the reft, he can be able to encreafe the Silk of the new Manufacture to the utmoft Extent of our Wiflies. Mr. Wifs hs petitioned us on the Subjeft of the Filature he erected at Ccmereolly, in which he had afled contrary to the reftriclory Orders of the Committee of Commerce, by augmenting it to double the Number of Furnaces to which they had limited him. We are perfuaded, that a Zeal for the Service, and a Confidence of Succefs in the Scheme in which he had engaged himfelf, folely induced him to undertake this Extenlion of the original Plan ; and as the extraordinary Furnaces have continued ever fjnce to be ufed on the Company's Account, and found to be no more than can with Eafe be kept in conftant Employment, we agreed to have the additional Work determined by Arbi- tration, intending to pay him according to the Award 5 but as Mr. Wifs w?s averfe to this Mode, having no Perfons to nominate on his Part, he chole to let the Matter reft entirely with the Board j and we in confequence ordered an Eftimate of their Value to be made by the Engineer at Coflimbuzar, with a View to decide on the Purchafe, when his Report fliould come before us, but it has not yet been tranfmitted to us from th$ Chief of Coflimbuzar. Sixthly and Seventhly, of Covenanted Servants and Accounts. We have to advife you of the Death of Mr. Lambert, a Member of your Council, and of the following of your covenanted Servants at this Prefidency, fmce our Difpatcl\ by the Refolution ; viz. MefTrs. Henry M^Leane. Thomas Hilt Pettit, William Wynne. James Bonwicke. Frederick Farrer. Immediately after the Difpatch of that Ship, Mr. Greuber was admitted to a Seat at Bur Board, in the room of Mr. Reed, who went by her to England. Mr. Hurlt has been alfo called upon to take his Seat, in the room of Mr. Lambert, and Mr. Bentley is admitted in the room of Mr. Rumbold, who, we found by the Inftrudlions tranfmitted to us, was no longer efleemed to be in your Service here, his Name being left out in the Nomina.fion of the Eleven fcnior Servants who are to compote the Board of APPENDIX, N 43. The ComtnlfTary Genera!, on his Return in June laft from Madras, whither his III State pf Hejlth had obliged him to repair, entered upon the Charge of his Office, and we fur- niftcd him with further Inftructions for the Execution of it, in which we endeavoured to prescribe a general Line, confiftent with the feveral Orders and Inftruftions which you had given us on this Head. We alfo delivered him Copies of the Report of the Com- mittee of Directors, appointed to inveftigate the Army Accounts of Bengal, as well as of the feveral Regulations which we had rectmly formed for the Reduction of the Mili- tary Exp-nces. - In Juftics to the Propriety of your Intention in the Appointment of a CommiflTary Ge- neral, and to the Merits of Colonel MicLear.e, we mcrt declare that we have reaped the greateft Benefit from bis Service, and have received much Affiftance from him in carrying into Execution the Plan for reducing the contingent and other military Erpences, which had fwelled to fo enormous a Height. His Labouis have been afliduous in his Office, and his Emoluments, we are afraid, no way equivalent to them. He is actually with the Bri- gade in the Field, or in his Way thither, to infpedt the Supplies there ia the Duty of his Department. Having, in our late Regulations, reduced the Allowances of the Officers of the Sepoy Corps to a Par with tbofe of the Subaltern European Infantry, the former addreiTcd a Me- morial to us, reprefenting the Hardships they fuftered from this Regulation, as they are liable to many Expences to which the others are not expofed, beinj generally cantoned at a greater Diflance from the public Markets, which oHliees them to employ an additional Number of Servants, and alfo being obliged to hold themfelves in continual Readinefs for detached Services ; but as thofe Points were in Cnnfie'eration with us when we formed the Regulations, and as we judged thefe Difadvantages of the Sepoy Corps amply counterba- lanced by the Advantages of Batta, &c. which they often draw, by being employed on detached and occafional Services, we determined not to altfr the Regulation. We mentioned at the fame Time our not being able to dilcover frooi our Books the fmalled Foundation for the Claim of Captain Spelman's Heirs ; however, in obedience to your Orders, we have attempted to fettle it, by offering to fubmit the Demand to aa Arbitration ; and if it /hould be there eftabliflie^ from the Proofs which the Parties may bring, we will immediately discharge it to the Amount of the Award ; We have not yec received an Anfwer to this Offer from their Attorney. We have duly attended to the Paragraphs of your General Letter of loth December, refpecting Richard Sim and others, difcharged Soldiers ; and, in Reply, we can only affa you, that we took every Method to make public your Orders refpecting the Penlion t which Officers and Soldiers have a Claim ; and if any have gone Home without the pro- per Tefiimonia's for obtaining it, it muft have proceeded from their own N'glect in not applying to us, or intimating iheir Defire to the proper Officer, as in fuch Cafe they cer- tainly would have been furni/hed with every neceffary Certificate. We can only further fay, that no Pains fliall be wanting in us to prevent any Miftakes of that Kind in future, and in the mean Time tranfmitted a Copy of thefe Paragraphs to the Town Major, for the Information of the Troops, and gave him Directions to conform to your Orders exactly, as far as related to him. On a Reprefenti-tion of the Cafe of Mr. Kenderdine, formerly a Surgeon upon this E- ftatlifhment, but then without Employment, and in great Diftrefs, having been difmifled the Service in the Year 1767, on a Complaint of Inattention to his Duty; and it appear- ing from theTeftimoniah of the ' >fficers which he produced, that he was an able Surgeon and had, fmce his Difmiffion, renHcred effential Service to a Battalion of Sepoys at Ram- gUfj to whom he had voluntarily given hi! Attendance in that Capacity, we thought he had already undergone a fnfficient Pum/hment for his former Inattention, and therefore re- ftored him to the Service as youngeft Surgeon, not to rife. Captain William Tnomfon, who lately commanded the Select Piquet, has appl'ed to u for the Reimburlennent of the extra Expences he unavoidably incurred on that Station ; and as it appears that nehad Reafon, from the general Orders of Sir Robert Barker, to ex- pect an extra Allowance of Twenty Rupees Batta per Diern, when lie undertook that troublefome and ungrateful Employment, and that he was actually expofed to extra Ex- pences in it, we have prrfumed (though we did not think ourfelves authorized to grant it) to recommend it to your Consideration, and hope you w:ll order him the Allowance he requefts. We are happy that our Recommendation of Captain Rennrll, and the Surveys which yere traafmiued to you at the Kme Time, have had the Effect to draw from you fo ho- nourable 3 APPENDIX, N 43, JjononraWe an Exprtfiion of your Approbation, andWift to recompence his long andfaitli/ul Services, as is contained in the J3th Paragraph of your Letter, dated loth December. We beg leave to fpeak again in his Favour, and on Occafion of his Addrefs to us, referred to in the Margin, to point out the Means by which your benevolent Intentions towards him may be effected. His Health deftroyed by Wounds, incelTant Fatigue, and the unwhole- forre Changes of Climate, to which his Duty as Surveyor General has expofed him, ren- ders ic neceflary for him to think of returning to his native Country $ hut he has refolvH not to quit India before he ftall have comple^ the Work which he has ftill in Hand. His Wifhes afterwards are centered in retiring with a Competency, and fome folid Tetti- mony of your Approbation ; on which we take the Liberty to remark to you, that no Precedent can be drawn from it, as Captain Rennell himielf begin this Bufinefs, has car- ried it on in a Manner ha;dly to be equalled we believe by any in Europe, and will leave little unfiniihed in it. No Promotion or Penfiqn granted to him can injure the Rights of others, becaufe his Rank being fixed to the Engineer Corps, he can rife in that only, not- wichftan. ing that his Seniority in Service to many Officers bearing higher Commifilons, might be co;ifidered to give him Claim to the fame Indulgence they would enjoy, if ad- mitted to reap the Benefits of the Penfions. We therefore venture to recommend Captain Rennell for the Penlion he folicits, or fame equivalent Mark of your Bounty ; and flatter ourfelves that the Affiiuity, Attention, and Obedience to the Orders of his Superiors, which he has ever manifefted, belides his juft and inoffenfive Conduct to the People of the Country, in the Courfe of his Survejs, and total Abftinence from any obnoxious PurfuUs of Wealth, added to the Perfeverance and Courage manifefted in the Dangers to which he has been frequently expofed, render him an Object really deferving of your Favour. Were it becoming in your Adminiftration to importune you with their Rtquefts, we fliuuld think this a proper On of bringing him feveral Times before a Court Martial, and who has been difmified the Service ever fince the aoth March 1771, as we formerly advifed, pe- titioned us in July lad for a Revifal of fome of the Proceedings againft him, which it was not in our P-wer legally to grant ; neither did any Thing in his Reprefentation in- duce us to alter in his Favour our former Refolution of difmiffing him the Service. Lieutenant Gardiner, refpecting whofe Claim of Rank a Reference was made to you from the Proceedings of the Board of Field Officers, again petitioned us on the Dilcovery, as he alleged, of an Erazure in the Town Major's Books of the Date of his Rank, to his Prejudice, which he thinks ought to decide the Competi'ion between him and Cap- tain Penman in his Favour. Our Proceedings upon it will be found in the Confutations referred to o" the Margin } and the Matter being already in Reference before you, is now left to your final Decifion. Enfign Uruce having objected to Enfign Skinner faking Rank above him, on the Score of b^ing his Senior in the King's Service, we callrd on them both to produce their Com- mifliiu,;;, and found that Mr. Skinner's was of a piior Date, but granted in Amerira by the Commanding Officer, in virtue of the Authority delegated to him b> his Majefty for the like Purpofes. Enfign Bruce dies not object to thole Commiflions, but ftill infifls that the Rank in the Army was not fettled by them, and refers to the War Office Lr a Proof. As this is a Point whkh can be only afcertained at Home, we refer Mr. Bruce's Memorial to you, before whom it will be his Bufinefi to bring proper Proofs in Support- ed it. _ Colonel Hugh Grant laft Month requeued Leave to refign the Service, with an Inten- tion fo go Home in one of Tie fihips of this Seafon. We granted him the Permiflion to yefign, and appointed Colonel Ironfide to the Command of his Brigade, with a provifional Coramii^on of Colonel, till your Pleafure AV.uld be known. We have ordered Major Stainforth to refund the Four Months Allowance which WJ formerly granted him, agreeable to your Commands, and it will be deducted from nis current Pay accordingly. In APPENDIX, N 43. In ob-Ucice to your Commands by the Pacific, concerning Widows being enMed to the Compaq's Penfion, we have caufed the Paragraph to be made public, that thefe Di- retiom may be exactly conformed to in Time to come. The Names of luch Widows as may heieit'ter be admitted on the Lift, and paid here in confequence of thefe Orders, will be rcrularly transmitted to you. Your Orders for refunding the C.mmiflion on the Revenue granted by Sir Eyre Coote, were properly attended to ; but as the piefent Board were not concerned in leaving out his Name at firft from the CommirTion Account, we could not look upon them as chargeable* for the whole Refund ; we therefore ordered in genera], that Repayment /hould be made by each Individual, of the Surplus they had received on that Account ; the greateft Part will be in ihat Manner repaid here, and the only Arrears we apprehend will arife from fucb. Gentlemen as have quitted the Service and gone to England, or fuch as are dead. If their Atturnies fhould decline paying off thefe, you will be duly advifed when the Matter is properly afcertained. In purfuance of your Orders recommending Mr. Baillie to be employed in profecuting Inquiries into the Trade and Country of Afiam, we have directed him to proceed on this Bufinefs, with AvTurances of our Support and Encouragement in the Undertaking, and re- quiring him to fend us Advice of his Succefs, that we may be enabled to furnifti you with the Information you defue on ihat Head. We advifed you in our Letter by the Swallow Sloop of War, of our having relblved to psy off entirely your Bond Debt of 1771, amounting to current Rupees *Si7o,956. i. 9. and of our having given Notice accordingly. The Balance this Day in our Treafury, as particularized in the laft Paragraph of this Letter, added to what will be received in a Day or Two from Patna, will /office for their Difcharge ; and as the Seafon for the heavy Collections is now approaching, there is no Doubt but there will be again a confiderable Amount in your Treafury by the End of De- cember next. The SUITS, therefore, which may be expected in the Interim from the Vi- zier, vie. Fifteen Lacks of Rupees on account of the Ceflion of Corah, &c. as ftioulatej by the Benares Treaty, and 20 Lacks out of the 40 engaged for the Rohilla Expedition, added to about 15 Lacks for the Bills you have authorized us to draw upon you, will i* a further Fund for the Difcharge of your Bond Debr, and reduce it to 35 Lacks inftead of 115 Lacks, which was the Amount of it in Auguft laft. The further Sum of 35 Lacks, v.'hieh will remain due from the Vizier, the Payment of which we deem perfectly fecure, and will therefore be furBcient to cancel the Whole of your Bond Debt irt the Courfe of an- other Seafon, inclufive of the Savings arifing both from the Reduction of Eipences, the Particulars of which were tranfmitted you by the Refolution, an! from One of the Brigades being employed out of the Provinces, and in confequsnce paid by the Vizier. But as your Treafury is the only fife Fund in Bengal for lodging the Money of Widows and Orphans refiding in the Country, who, without this Indulgence, may be diftrefied fora Subfiftence, we beg leave to recommend that your Adminiftration fhould be allowed to receive to the Amount of Ten Lacks, at the ufual Intereft of Eight per Cent, on this charitable Motive, although the State of your Treafury fljould be fucb, that the Money may not be required for your U(t. The Proceedings of the Board of Infpeclion appertain properly to this and the foreg-iing Head ; but as the Derail of them is fcnt in to our Secretary from that Department, we- Hull big leave, for the Sake of greater Perfpicuity, to enter it under adiuinil Head. Board cf Infpeaion. The Continuation of the Proceedings of the Board of Infpection, fince the Difpatch of the Refolution, is forwarded to you by this Conveyance. Our chief Emoloymen: in this Drpartrren: has been to watch over and enforce th? Ob- fervance of the Rrgulati-.'ns we had adopted in conformity to yo'ir Orders, and our own Refolttion?, for retrenching the Expences of your Subordinate Factories; your Civ 1 and Military Buildings, your Civil Officer- at ths Prefidencv, and your Military Eftablifh- tnents. Thefe Oojecls we have laboured to effect in regular weeklv Meetings, by the concurrent Aids of the Auditor of the Week, the Comptroller of the Qffi.es, and the Com- milTary General : And we are perfuaded, that upon a minute Reriew <>t our Proceedings, you will Sad they have not been ntg'scled, The APPENDIX, K 43. The Charges of the Factories do not require of us any more particular Mention than what is comprehended in this general Summary, as we do not know of any material In- ftance in which they have been buffered to excesd the Limiis of the fixed Eitablifljmenjs ; and even where trivial Excelles may appear, the evident Necefiuy and Reafons to juftify them, will at the fame Time prefent ihernfelves to you on the Face of our Records, and the Remarks of our weekly Auditor. On finding, from a Concurrence of Caufes, which wers briefly enumerated to yon in the Letter from this Department fer Hector, that the Ex^ence of the Public Buildings had in the firft Year, after the Receipt of your Orders fer Grafton, inevitably exceeded the Sum which you prescribed to be laid out under this Head, we cams to an early Refclution of leftricling the Expence of the New Fort and other Buildings as much as poffible, that we mi^hi be enabled to bring the Whole in future withia the Limits of your Orders, the Sum of which, we are convinced, whea this has been effectually done, will prove amply fufficieut for the Purpofes of this Head of Expence. The New Fort, although far from be'ng brought to a State of Completion, yet requir ing the Addition of no confiderable Works, which were abfolutely or immediarely necef- lary for its Defence, except the uncompleted Ravelins, we determined, until we could continue thefc confiftently with the Letter of your Orders, to put the Whole upon an Eftajbliftiment of Expence, anfwering the Purpofes of keeping the Fot clean, and the "Works in proper Repair. The different Branches which compofe this Eftablimment, are lecorded in the Confutations uoted in the Margin, and have been ftriclly adhered to, as have alfo the Sums *e informed you we had limited for keeping in Repair the Company's Houfes in and about Calcutta. In the Exception above-mentioned of uncompleted Works, we fhould alfo have fpeci- fied the Facings of the Redans to the Side of the River, which you were advifed had fallen down in the Month of September 1773. It will doubtlefs be proper to repair this Work ; but we we under no Uneafinefs on Account of the Delay which has occurred in fo doing, as thofe Facings appear to us to be only neceffary, and indeed it is evident they are only intended, from the Nature of their Conftruftion, for the Prefervation of the interior Earthen Woiks from the EfFefts of the Seafons peculiar to this Climate, and not in any Degree for the Purpofes of Defence. We acquainted you of our having published an Advertifement for Propofals for contract- ing* for a Term of Years, for the Repairs of the Cantonments of Barrampore and Dinah- pore. Many Propofals were in confequence tendered us for this Undertaking j but, upon mature ConfiHeration of the Subjsdt, although we were ftiil of Opinion, that to enter into fuch a Contract would be thfe rooft eligible Meafure for the Intereft of the Company, as well in order to enfure the effectual Execution of the Repairs, as to afcertain and limit the Expence in a Branch which we had 10 often experienced to exceed all Calculations and Efti- males ; yet we agreed to po(ip;>ne accepting, tor the prefent, any Propofals for that Pur- pofe : Had we accepted ta^m, we mould have retained a ftricr. Eye to the Limits of your Orders. Our Motives for refoiving to poitpone the Mealure, are recorded upon the Pro- ceedings of the Board of Infplion of the gth June ; to which we beg leave to refer, as well as for the Eftabliihment we then judged it neceflary to fix for their prefent indifpen- lable Repair; and we flatter our. elves that our Conduct on this Point will be honoured with your Approbation. For Infoimation of the Controul which has been exercifed in checking and regulating the Expences of the Civil- Offices at the Prefidency, we beg leave to fubmit to you the Diary of the Proceedings of the Comptroller, which has been monthly laid before us, and been rendered sn Append : x to the Proceedings of your Board of Infpedion. 'I he Utility and (alutary Effefis already experienced, and ftiil to be expected, from this Inftitntion, as weil as that of our Weekly Auditor, we are perfuaded, will not efcape your judicious Obfervation, The Set of Military Regulations we had the Honour to tranfmit you wi h our laft Advices, have, by feveral iub'equent Additions and Orders, bs;a rendered ftiil more com- plete. Thele Additions and Orriers haveilfued fron your Board of Jnfpelion> to which Department we allotted the Cognizance of the military Exuence?, under the Regulations v/e had formed ; and in which, with the Concurrence a;id henty Affiftance of C< lonel Mac Leane, the Comrr.irt'ary General, who has a'ways had a Seat at our Deliberations on military Expences, the mod minute Attention has been paid, and every Endeavour exerted to enforce the Oofervancc of the Regulations, and ptedude every jfuperfluous and un- authorized Expeuce, ft APPENDIX, N43. It is a Satisfaction to us to have anticipated the Orders contained in the printed In* ^ructions to the new Adminillration, which you were pleafed to tranfmit to a, forregu- lating the Mode of applying for Advances of Catti ; namely, That the Application fliould be accompanied with an abftratt Account of D:fburfements from the lalt Advance, an Account of the Balance in Hand, and an Eftimate of the Difburfements for which the Advance applied for is required and intended. This Regulation we adopted fo long ago as November 1773, from which Time it has been ftrictly adhered to; and the Abflracts have been alio regularly entered on Record, with the Applications ; they were entered for fome Time on the Proceedings of the public Department; of late they have appealed on thofe of the Board of Inflection. The Prefident having laid before us an Account of Lofles fuftained by Captain Martin, in the Attack made upon Chichicotta by the Boteas, when on his Duty there, of Surveyor, and without any military Charge, with a Requeft that it might remain on Record, and Hand referred to your Pleasure, we now beg Leave to point out this C rcumftance to your Obfervation, and to add our own Recommendation, that you will be pleafed to allow Cap- tain Martin fome Compenfation for his LoiTes, amounting to Sonaut Rupees 6,625, which he obvioufly fuftained by a fpirited and laudable Exertion for the public Service, foieign from the Line of his Duty. We advifed you of a Plan preparing by our Matter Attendant, for the Reduction of the heavy Expences of the Marine Department ; ant) that as foon as we fliould be furnilhed with it, we hope to be enabled to regulate this Office to your entire Satisfaction. The Plan (which propofed the conducting the Bufmefs by Contract) was foon after fub- znit'.ed to us by the Mailer Attendant; and the Expence, on the Terms and Conditioni therein ftated, appearing reafonable and moderate, we refolved to conclude a Contract ac- cordingly ; at the fame Time we thought it proper to give him the Preference, as it was a Service which could only be conducted by a Perfon verfad and experienced in Marine Affair*, and as a Contract with any other Perfon would have been productive of Inconveniencies by too much diminifhing the Authority of his Office. The Matter Attendant undertaking to conduct the Bufmefs upon the propofed Plan, the Agreement accordingly took place for the Term of Three Years, commencing from the Firft of May, under the Referve of re- taining to ourfelves the Power of annulling it, fliould ic not receive your Approbation, or prove upon Experience ineligible. A Petition was (hortly after prefented to us by the Contractors for fupplying the Stores to the Offices at the Prefidency, reprefenting the great Lofs they were likely to fuftain by the Stores which they required for the Marine Department being fupplied by the Matter Attendant. This Petition was referred to him, and his Objections required to receiving the Stores he would want for executing the new Agreement from thefe Contraflors, before the Ratification of it. His Anfwer lay fome Time for Confideration, and whilft the Mat- ter remained in this State of Indeciciiion, ycur Orders arrived for putting the Offices of Naval Store Keeper and Matter Attendant under fome new Regulations. It was before a Matter of Hefitation, whether the A gteemem wi-h the Matter Attendant fliould be carried into Execution on account of the Difficulties arifing to the former Contractors ; but it could now by your Orders no longer continue a Point of Doubt or Difcuffion, as fuch a Meafure would have directly counteracted your new Arrangement. It was therefore re- folved, that the Agreement propofed by the Matter Attendant fliould not be entered into, but that the Department fliould be arranged according to your Orders; and we were obli- ged to exercife ihe referve contained in our Refolution of annulling his Agreement; and it accordingly flood annulled from the EnJ of the Month of September. Having taken under our Coufideration the new regulating and arranging the neceflary Eftablifliments of the Offices of Naval Store Keeper, Marine Paymaiter, and Matter Attendant, in confluence of your Orders ; and obferving, that you had recommended the Practice of the Prefidency of Bombay as our Guide ; we have applied to the Gentle- men there for a complete Detail of the Mode of conducting the Bufmefs of the Marine at that Place, and as foon ai we receive it we fliall not fail to adopt the fame Plan here. In the Interim it has been refolved, That the Office of the Naval Store Keeper do remain on its prefent Footing and under its prefent Eftablifliments unlefs the Reply from the Prefidency at Bombay (hall point out the Propriety of any Alteration*. With refpect to the Nature of the Marine Pay Matter's Office, being unacquainted with the Practice uf Bombay, we feparateiy directed Mr. Keeble and Captain Weaderburn to lay before us fuch a Plan as might appetr to them the moft proper for regulating the Line ot the Two Offices, and managing them in their Detail, together with an Eftablifliment Rep, V, R r of APPENDIX, N* 43;. ff the neceflary Servants and Charges. The Plan fubmitted to us in confequence by M ?, Keeble, was unanimoufly refolved upon to b adopted, under cenaiu Additions and Al- terations; and the fame having been rectified accordingly, they were directed to conform thereto for the piefent in the Management and Execution of" their reflective Orikes. And we think there is every Peafon to expect a Reduction of Chafes, and the Introd ction of A Syftem of Method and Regularity in your Marine, from the Profecution of the Arrange- ment you have thus prescribed. For your more particular Information on all the above Tranfactions, as wrll as fora Detail of others not mentioned in this Abridgement, we moft beg leave to refl-r you to the Proceedings of the Board of Inflection at large ; but this being the Head of your Advices under which it properly falls, we cannot q >ii the Subject without exp-efiing to you the ineffable Regret which we r'e-1 in being denied the ^atistattion which would hav flowed to us fmm obferving the Refult of our Labours. The general Adjuttment of your Revenue, he reguUting, the Administration ot Juftice in both its Branches, thr new- modelling the Nabob's Houiehold, and the political Negociations with the Vizier, being Objects of the firft and moft immediate Moment to the future ^rofperity ot" your AfTiirs, of courfe claimed the firft Place in the Attention and Proceedings of your prefent Admi- niftration; and for this Confideration, the further Objects of regolating and retrenching the Expences of your fubordinate Factories, your Offices at -he Prefidency, and your Military Eftablilnfoents, necefiadly experienced a temporary Suinenfion, and the feveral Arrangements made in them, cannot be faid to have taken r ft'sct fooner than April 1774. To participate therefore the Satisfaction accruing from the Reiult of thefe OUT Mealures, we are induced to fay is denied us; but ftill we are happv in the Reflect, on, that the grand Object of them, the Intereft of our Employers, will be equally promoted, and that however diflant the Appearance of the Effects, thry can only be conficicred as the Fruits of our Labours extrted with Alacrity and unwearied Application, fince the import- ant Truft has been confided to us of trie Sup; rin'endance of your Affairs. That thefe Fruits muft in a very fliort Courfe of Time produce Refources to enable your Adminiftra- tion, after difeharging your heavy Bond Debt, to encreafe, if judged eligible, 'he Amount of your Inveftmems, and to reftore in general the Credit of the Company by fu-h f=rthsr Application of them as you may think proper to direct, are Confequi* nces too obvious to efcape the Attention of the moft fuperficial Obferver. If this fuccinct Elucidation carries wiih it an Air of Self-applaufe, let it fLid its Juflification in your candid Advertence to the Predicament in which we ftand on the Eve of a Change in your Government, which, vill deprive us of all farther Opportunity of communicating with you on the Truft we have had to manage, and whicn we are confcious of having managed with Fidelity and Attention. We obferve what you have been pleafed to write concerning the Company's Bonds to Vancolftcr. You will however perceive by our Advices cl !aft S^aion, that thefe Bonds are no longer in our Secretary's Hanss, having bten attached, and afterwards carried off, by a Writ from the Mayor's Court in Behalf of his Creditors. We have obferved your efpecial Directions about the Draughts on you of this Seafon ; and agreeable to them, gave public Notice of the Remittance that was intended to be fur- niflied, that every Perfun entitied to it might put in their Claim for a Share. The Claims were ordered to be fent in before the Firft of this Month, and foon alter that Dare we fettled a Diftribution, and advertifed, that the Money woutd he received into the Treafury immediately, and Bills granted for the Amount. A Lift of the Draught* wih be regu- Jarly fent as they are made, by each Ship. About 1C Days ago, we had Notice from Sir Edward Hughes, of his Arrival ir this River with the .Ships of his Majcfty's Squarfron under hi Com -ran>1. As we are equally defiron; of paying Obedience to your Coin mind* iefoec"r-ng he R eception of the Com- nanders and Ol7::ers of His Majefty's Ships, and of fhev.i n g out own Sentiments of Refpett and Attention to them, we deputed Mr. Graham, a Member or our Board, to Wait on Sir Edward, wkb. Congratulations on bis Arrival, and Aflurance of every .A flilrance and Accommoda'ion which it was in our Power tn give ; at the fao.e Time v.e fe tltd ihe Salutes which were to be given him on his Arrval at die Preu'Jency, and the Alloancei to him and bis Officers, agreeahie to your Oiders. We thu Year adve'tifed as uiual {or feaied Propofal? for the A my Contract, anrf F ;v9 were given in accordingly by the Time Hmjtjri but as v\e thrn har, received cena-n ->c- eounts of the A r nval of the Tranfports dt Madras, with ^he Gcnt-emen iiom tn^ljnc), BOTninatsd Members of the new Council by Aft of Parlianr-n', wh en renoerf" it pro- baile the new Goveraflr.eat would foon uke place, we a^icsd to leave the Seitlemei.t c.i the APPENDIX, N 44. fhe Contrail to them ; but to provide, at the fame Time, againft any Tnconvemency that might arife from a Delay in receiving it, we directed the prelent Contractor, on his Olfef to provide Supplies for Ihree Months beyond the Expiration of his Control, viz. for the Mumhs or January, February, and March next, on the fame Conditions, and for the fame Articles at fpecified in it. The B. lance in our gene al Treafury this Day, is Current Rupees 4,02 837. n. ; in the Dewannee Treafury, Sicca Rupees 8,90,165, 2. J. ; and in the Ca(h, Current Ru- pees 15,170. II. 6. We are, with Refpec% Fort William, Honourable Sirs, tjlh October 1774. Your aio# faithful humble Servants, Warren Haftingt, W. Alderfey, P. M. Dacres, James Lawreil f /, Graham, Cha, Bentley, APPENDIX, N 44. Fort William ; at a Council the aoth OQober 1774 j PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftiops, Efquire, Governor General, PreCdeat, Lieutenant General John Oaveii'ig, The Honourable George Monfoo, Philip Francis, Efquire. READ, the Aft of Parliament of the ijth Year of his prefent Majefty George IIIJ. intituled, " An Act for eftabliftiing certain Regulations for the better Manage- *' n.ent of the Affairs of the Eaft India Company, as well in India aj in Europe." Ordered, Th.it the following Proclamation be made at 7 o'Clock To-morrow Morn- ing, at the Court Houfe, by the Sheriff attended by his Officers, agreeable to a Requisition in the Aft. Agreed, Th< whichj by the Ahol]tlon of the Selecl Committee, wil) from this Time comprehend the complete Minutes of the Political Tranfactions of your Adminiftration here. 2. The Shortnefs of the Period which has elapfed fince we took upon us the Govern- ment of your Affairs, has net left Room for any external Occurences 5 you will, how- ever, find that our Confutations have not been unfrequent, and that the Refolutions in them, we are forry to fay it, have not been formed in that Harmony, which was equally the Object of your Inftructions and our Wifhes, could it have been maintained confiftent with the Duty we owe to you and our own Characters, in aflerting the Opinions which our Judgment dictated. 3. The Proceedings are verv full on the Subject which have been in. Debate before us, nd contain the Minutes, Aflents, and DifientSj at length, on every Qneftion ; and as the Difference of Opinion throughout bore always a Relation to One Point, namely, the Propriety of the Rohilla Expedition, you will find we were almoft without Exception divided in the fame Proportion j and as in this Cafe it would have been impofiible to have concurred in a General Letter of Arguments and Opinions, we determined to have this purely and fimply a Letter of Advice, comprehending Refolutions and Facts, and to refer to the Proceedings for the Reafoning on both Sides. 4. In our firft Confutation in this Department, we took into ConfideratJon a Minute of the Governor General's, reflecting the political State of Affairs in India, which he had delivered in at the pieceding Meeting in the other Department, with refpect to the War then carrying on againft the Rohillas in Aid of the Vizier j we foon found that our Opinions on its Neceffity and Propriety were likely to differ very widely. A Majority of ft f t . the Board, confiding of the Commander in Chitf, Colonel Monfon, k r?A k ' and Mr< Francis . thought it neceflary, for the better elucidating the ' Grounds and Conduct of the War, to fee the Whole of the original Corre- fpondence between the Governor General, Mr. Middleton, Refident at the Vizier's Court, and CoioneJ Champion, commanding the Troops acting in conjunction with him ; and it was refolved to xequeft the Governor General to lay before the Board ac- cordingly. th Oil b 5' ^ e Governor General and Mr. Barwell difTenteJ from this Re- 5 , n . c ' folution, and the former, at a fubfequent Meeting, delivered in a Minute, declaring, that he meant to lay before the Board fuch Parts of Mr. Mid- dleton's and Colonel Champion's Correfpondence, as related to the Conduct of public Affairs; but as fome of the Letters might contain Things in the Courfe of a free and ferfonal Communication, which might not be proper for a public Recotd, he begged leave to decline laying the Whole of them before us. 6. On this Refufal, a formal Proteft was entered againft it by General Claverinp, Mr. Mcmfon, and Mr. Francis j Mr. Monfon thereupon moved for the Rfcal of Mr. Middle- ton; and it was determined by the fame Majority, that he fhould accordingly beiecaMed, and ordered to repair forthwith to the Prcfiaency, bringing with him the Whole of his 6thOcl Correfppndence during his Refidence at the Court of the Vizier. At the fame '* Time it was refolved to appoint Colonel Champion, or the Commanding Officer of the Brigade, to treat with the Vizier in his room. Againft both thefe Refolutions the Governor General protefted, and Mr. Harwell alfo diffented from them. 7. In conftquence of thefe Refolutions, the Commander in Chief produced, at next Meeting, fume Proportions which he offered as the Groundwork of the Inftructioni which it would be neceflary to fend to Colonel Champion. Thefe were fully debated in a iubfequent Cpnfuliation, and they were in general agreed to with fmall Variation ; the _ _ _ , Governor General and Mr. Barwell objecting to many Parts of them, and " entering Minutes accordingly ; while on the other Hand, thj Coinu.ancizr in Chief, Mr. Monfon, and Mr, Francis, either joiailjf or Separately recorded their Sen- tizncntfjo the fame Manner* 8. Th* APPENDIX, S. The Inftruftions agreed on, and which were aflually fent to Colonel Champion, of. the Officer commanding the zi Brigade, were in Subftance, after acquainting him with the Recal of Mr. Middleton, and with his own Appointment to treat with the Vizier.to direct him, immediately on Receipt of the Letter, to wait on the Vizier, and to demand Pay. rr.entof the 40 Lacks due to the Company for the AiJ they furni/hed him in the Rohilla War, and of fuch other Sums as would be then due in virtue of his other Engagements; and we empowered him to liquidate and fettle all Accounts between the Company and the Vizier, which might be unsettled at that Time. 9. At the fame Time that we enjoined him to make this immediate Demand for the Whole, we left it in his Difcretion, ftiould he find it importable for the Virier to com- ply, to relax in his Demand fo far as to accept of any Part, not lefs than ao Lacks, in ready Money, and to fettle a Kiftbundy or Agreement for Payment by Inftalments for the Remainder, at any Terms not exceeding 11 Months for the laft. 10. In cafe the Vizier fliould refufe to comply with the above Dermnds, the Com- manding Officer was directed to enter a Proteft againft him ; and wiihin 14 Days from the Receipt of thefe Inftrudtions, to retire with the Army under his Command, and with- draw into the Company's Territories. 11. But if the Vizier ftiould comply, as far as his Circumftances would admit, con- formable to the Terms propofed, in that Cafe the Colonel was only to withdraw the Army within the Province of Oud, and to continue it there for the Defence of the Vizier's ancient Dominions, fliould he require it; ifotherwife, he was to retire into the Com- pany's Territories, as in the other Cafe. la. Thefe Orders were given with fuitable Diredlions of Caution, and refpeflful Moderation, as to the Manner in which he was to communicate them to the Viiier, and as to his own Retieat, ftiould he apprehend that any Danger or Difficulty might attend it. ft nA V< '3* ^ e ^ ore thefe' Inftruftions were refolved upon, Advices arrived of * an End being put to the War, by a definitive Treaty between the Viaier and Fyzulla Cawn, who agreed to lay down his Arms, and furrender to the former One Half of the Treafure which he had with him in his Camp, and on condition of the Vizier putting him in poffeffion of a fmall Diftridt, the Capital of which is known by the Name of Rampore; he confented to hold it dependant on him, and to renounce all Pre> tenfions to any other Part of the Country. We weie further foon after advifcd, that on , M , the Ratification of this Treaty the Vizier propofed to aflign over jc ' Lacks of Rupees, which he was to receive from Fyzulla Cawn in lieu of One Half of his Treafure, into the Hands of Colonel Champion, in Part Payment of what he owed to the Company, and to fet out immediately for Fyzabad, to take Mea- fures for discharging the reft ; and we learnt at the fame Time, that Colonel Champion, determined to march back with the Brigade to Ramgaut, nearer to the Frontiers of Oud, and tbeie to quit the Army, and to leave it under the Command of Colonel Galliec, the next fenior Officer; we alfo received Letters from Mr. Grady, whom Mr. Middleton had fent to Fyzabad, to receive the Money on account of theCeffion of" Corah and Alia, habad, which the Vizier had ordered to be paid there before he left the Army, advifing, that he had actually received Ten Lacks of Rupees, and was arrived with it at Patna, where he flopped to receive 5 Lacks more, which was to be paid him on the fame Ac- count by the Raja of Benares. 14. On Receipt of thefe Advices, finding the Vizier was in all Probability at Fyjtabad, we thought fit to alter our former Inftruftions, fo far as to direct Colonel Champion, or the commanding Officer to leave the Army, and repair to that Capital to wait on the Vizier, in executfon of his former Inftruflions, but to reckon the 14 Days prefcribed for the Retreat of the Army from the Day of his Meeting with the Vizier. h ]_.. 15. At this Time the Governor General propofed alfo for the Con- 1 fide.ation of the Board, whether, feeing that the Vizier had actually put himfelf in the Way of difcharging his Engagements to the Company, and that the Army had come fo much nearer to bis Frontiers, it might not be proper to fufpend the former peremptory Orders refpetHng the Demands upon him, and the withdrawing of the Troops ? but it appearing to the Majority,, that there were no Circumftancei in thefe Evems that rendered the former Orders improper, the Governor's Propofal was not ai- fentcd to. 16. Since that Time we have received no further Advices of any Confequence from thtfs Parts. 17. ^ome Time ago, at the Requifition of the Vizier, the Cov^rnar permitted Captain Bro Ue to acc.-pt the Command of a Partizan Corps in his Service, which he proprfe', to Xiifc and. employ a Occafioa fliould rebuilt. 18. Although APPENDIX, N44. 1%. Although th^s did not coincide exactly with the Ideas of the Ma'ority, refpeflrrig trie Fart which we ought to take in the Vizier's military Entetprizes, yet the Board, out of Refpecl to the Governor General, whole Word was pledged to the Vizier lor the Per- million to Captain Brioice, thought fit to confirm it; and 'he former In- 3 d N lber< ilrucliom given to Captain Brtoke, which aie in 'he Cogitation hjr* referred to, appearing to us clear and pioper, we alfo gave our Approbation to them. v. r\i u *5' S' r Edwatd Huvhe', fjon *itrr his Aniv.-l, communicated lo us *5 tft < a PaL-er of Intelligence which was conveyed t.i him by the Earl of Rochf'rd, one of his M^jefty's Principal Secretaries of State, containing a Project of Mr. Chevalier's for attacking Bengil with a Body of 1,500 Regubr Tro-ps from Europe, Supported by the A-my and Authority of the King Shaw Ail'-m. The Particulars of this Ir.tell'gnce appear on the Ccnfultation referred to in the Margin. Sir Edward hav- ing lately requeued our Opinion of i', we acquainted him, that though we did not doubt the Reality of Mr. Chevalier's Propofal, yet we regarded it a? the wild Prr.jrft or" a vifio- nary and ambitious Man, that did not cairy for the pielent any Probability ot Succefsj. nor could we pervade ourfelves, that the Court of France at this Time meant to adopt it. efpecially as we had no Intelligence of ths Arrival in India of Mr. Monteuil, or of the Zephyr Frigate, as announced in (he Paper, nor could we perceive any Pieparations here, which feemed to indicate that they are expected. 16. The Dutch Director and Council have applied to us for an Augmentation to the Share of Saltpetre which is annually al.owcd them} but we have retufed, acquainting them, that we could fpare no more from the Inveflmeat required by you for the Com- pany. We are, Honourable Sirs, Fort William, Your moft faithful the 2 1 ^ November obedient humble Servants, 1774. Warren Hailing*, J. CJavering, Ceo. Moniou, P. Francis. Poftfcript. We have not as yet received authentic Arlv'ee of the Payment of 15 Latks promifed to Colonel Champion by the Vizier, or of any Part of the 40 Lacks due to the Company for their Aid in the Rohilla War. The Governor General has this Day delivered in a feparate Addrefs to you, which goes a Number in the Packet, as does one jointly addrefled from General Clavering, Mr, Monfbn, and Mr. Francis; a Minute of Mr. Barwell's upon the Subject alfo makes a Number in the Packet. Thcfe will all be recorded on the Confutations after the Clofe of this Packet. Mahrmid Reza Cawn has fent in to the Governor General an Addrefs to your Court, requefting that it might be forwanied by the prtfent Opportunity, and we have contented to enclofe it a Number in the Packet, Warren Haftings, Fort William, J. Clavering, the 6th Dec, 1774, Geo. Monibn, Richd. Barweli, P. Francis. Extraf! cf Bengal Secret Cerjultaticus, i$tb Ofitbir* The following Letters, addreffad to the Selecl Committee, having been received from Colonel Champion, are now read a Colonel Champion's 7 To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c^ five Letters. Membeis ot the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, 1 had the Honour of addreffirg you under Date the I$th, and by Duplicate the i8th. I then informed you, that his Excellency was very folicitcus to re-eftablifli Friemifhip with Feizullah Khan. His Endeavours through his twa People failed, Feizullah addrefled APPENDIX, N 44 * cmvMBfi 5 jmniwd n uvi u vet Bifftvvuj uui yvw win uu vwcvt uc ucnruus or re- ceiving frequent Alices of the State of Matters whilft the Army is at fuch a Diflance, I have troubled you with this Information of what has pa fled fince my laft. 1 have the Piea lure to and, that the Troops do continue healthful ; and that Camp, Mohamiore, I am, s^th September 1774. With all due Refpeft, &c. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Member* of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen. In my laft I advift, ei icr cmfift-f 1% with your Orders or with any Degree of Prudence, follj* them- far into the Fo trcffes in the Country between the Hills. I have been for fome Days extremely unwell ; but the VT me't I cm f.' my Horfe I will endeavour to bri;>g Matters t a Difiou, I have tks Day lent the Quitter Mafter Ccoenl APPENDIX, N 44, General tolook at a clear Spot of Ground in the Jungle, in order to get into clofer Neigh- bourhood with the Enemy ; and fhould an Attack be the Refult, depend upon it, Gentle- men, that every Precaution in my Power (hall be ufed for the Prefervation of the Troops, and to overcome the Advantages which the Strengh of their Port gives the Rohillas. I have the honour to be, Camp, a6th September 1 774. (Signed) A. Champion. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, In my Addrefs of the 25th, I informed you, That the Rohillas had rejected the Vizier's Overtures of Peace ; that I was much indifpofed, but would endeavour to bring Matterc to another Decifion as foon as pofiible. Accordingly I ventured Abroad on the z8th, ad- vanced with a ftrong Divifion of the Armies Four Cofs towards the Enemy, and this Day's March has brought me within lefs than Four Cofs of them j the Second Divifion under Colonel Galliez gains Ground as we advance; the Jungle Grafs through which we have paiTzd is very high, but the Spaces between the Trees are larger, and there are fewer Bamboos than I expected : I am informed however that it is lefs acceflible farther on. From hence I mean to move on with all the Circumfpection poffible. It is faid they have thrown up fome Sort of Work on this Side of their Poft upon the Road where they expect the Attack, and as it will probably be Five or Six Day s before we can cut our Way through the Jungle, every Precaution is taken to reader our prefent Situation fccure. Though thus bufied in preparing to attack the Enemy, it is both the Vizier's Wifti and wine, that Friendship fliould be re-efrabliflied, as well for Reafons already mentioned, at to prevent that Effufion of Blood which muft be the Confequence of fuch an Attack. Accordingly, at his Excellency's Requeft I wrote a Letter to Feizullah Khan after our Arrival at this Ground, repeating the former Offers, and afluring him, that if he would come to treat with the Vizier, I made no Doubt they would become Friends. You (hall be advifed what Effect our Approach and thefe Proffers of Mercy will have on the Rohillas ; in the mean Time I have the Honour to remain, &c. Camp, within 4 Cofs of Lall Dang, (Signed) A. Champion, joth September 1774. To the Honourable Warren Hafting?, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Membets of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, I enclofe Duplicate of a Letter which I had the Honour to addrefs to you laft Night j and am now to advile you. that FeizulUh Khan has lent a Man to me, who gives fome Reafon to believe he will icaliy come in to treat with the Vizier; but his Excellency and I have been fo long amu fed with Aflurances of this Kind, that 1 am refolved to carry on our Operations as if tin re were no Overtures of Peace, becaufe, if the Rohilla is ferious in hii Profefiions, our drawing neaier him will haften him in to fettle Matters. I have the Pleafure to inform you, that having rode out this Morning about Three Miles from our Camp on the Road made by the Rohillas, mentioned in my Letter of the z$th, I found it extremely good, and the Jungle on either Hand Ib open, that I am in Hopes of eftablifhing a Poll To morrow within Two Cofs of the Enemy. The Vackeel fent in by Feizulla Khan is in Attendance at his Excellency's, whofe Resolutions in thefe Matters will of courfe regulate my Conduct. Camp, within 4 Cofs of Lall Dang, I am, &c. ift October 1774. (Signed) A. Champion. To the Honourable Warren Hzftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of the Select Committee. Gentlemen, In conformity to the Refolutions communicated to you in my Addrefs of Yefterday, J moved on this Morning with a refpetable Force about Three Miles towards the Enemy, attended by the Vackecl fent in from their Chief} when I arrived at the Ground upon 7 which APPENDIX, No 44. which I had determined to eftabli/K * Port, I gave the Vackeel his Leave, defiring him to inform his Maftcr 1 w.'S fo far advanced, and would be glad to fee him. The Vackeel had Yefterday repeatedly faid, Feizullah would come in, but I d d not much re!y on his Drcl ration ; however, he was nt gone above Two Hours, when a Chief came toinfotm thit Feizuliah Khan would certainly meet me; and he accordingly arriveJ at our Works about Noon. To-morrow I (hall accompany him to the Visit's, and when any Settle* ment is agreed upon, I will do myfelf the Honour of acquainting you. Our advanced Poft is already completely eftablifoed within a Mile of that of the Ro- hiihs. I hope, however, Matters are now in a Way of being amicably fettled ; and it gives me much Satisfaction that your Favour of the Sth September encourage (b eligib'e a Me ine EaglUh Chiefs. . V, S f Although APPENDIX, N 44. Although we had tilttn Sumroo into our Service from Necefilty, yet out of RegarJ to- the Engl'.flj, we difmifTed him; after which Nrjift Cawn gave him Encouragement, and took hm into his Employ. He alfo feduced feveral Adjutants, Subadars, and Jemaur- dars, with 4 or 5 Companies of the Engl.fh Troops in our Service, and by the Promife of fuperior Pay engaged them in his own. He ailed in the fame Manner with refpecT to Sean, an Armenian, a Debtor to the Government, whom he feduced from us with 4 Companies, and alfo Gohum Mahmood, Commandant, with the Battalions under his Command. He likewife gives PiotedHon in his own Houfe to all tnofe who are indebted to our Government. Four battering Cannon, with which we entrufled him, he has taken to himfelf ; and he haih alfo taken Poflefiioji of all the Pergunnahs 1 -tely br< ugbr into our Kalia, together with feveral of the old Ones, and makes uf; of the Name of cur dear Brother the Vizier to juftify his Proceedings. Our well-beloved Subjeft, the Nabob Vizier and you, both know, that we conferred the greateft Favours on Nijiff Cawn, and gave him 9 Lacks of Rupees, which was due to us from Hiflfaum ud deen Cawn, and appointed him to the Command of the two Battalions of EngliA Troops, the Red Bat- talfon, and all the Moguls, and honoured him with the Name of Nabobfliip of Ackberabad. Since he has been victorious over the Jauts, he has changed his Conduct, and in oppofition to our Will retains numberlefs Troops, and has for this Yrar paft granted Sunnuds of his own Accord, and with hit own Seal, for Subafhips, Fougedarries, Jaghie/Sj &c. He has now engaged Sumroo, Mr. Maddor, and Mr. Redman, in his Service, aid has en- couraged Sumroo and Nijiff Cooly Cawn to feize the Pergunnahs belonging to our Khali'* for themfelves; he his likewite inftruted Sumroo to commence Hoftihties againft our Forces. Sumroo, hat in conference of his Advice, eftabliihed an Officer of his own in the Fort of Puneput, and in conjunction with Nijitr" Cooly Cawn has feiz d upon Efree, Mandotee, Sumhotuck, and Ke kooda, Pergunnahs belonging to our Kalfa : NijirT Cawn has alfo taken pofTeflion of Akerabad. Though this C I have received your Excellency's Letter, and underftand the Contents ; that you are d>- iirous I fho'ild write, in Anfwer to his Majefty's Letter, that I hive engaged in this Art'iir, and that I will take on myfelf to bring it to a Conclufion, and that you ar re.dv to fulfil whatever Treaty you have entered into with his Majefty ; anl alfo that if h s Maieftv has any Propofitions to make for the regulating of Affairs, he fhould do it thr ugh n-e. My Friend, whatever I have written to his Majefty and Mejid ul Uowlart in -h.s Aff ir, has bee,! ioiely in Compliance with your Defirr, and for your Advantage j but I canno' t^ke u>>oit APPENDIX, N 44. upon me to be anfwerable for the fettling this Affair^ becaufe I have nothing to do with it. It is at his Majefty's Option to come or not. 1 am much furprifed that his Majefly, in his Letterjo you, defires you will fend me to the Prefence. What could induce him to write in this Manner ? I cannot proceed to the Prefence t the Defire of your Excel, lency, nor am I in this Bufinels under your Direction. If your Excellency writes to hit Majefty on this Subjecl, I re^utft you will communicate the Contents of your Letrer to me. I informed your Excellency, that the Army would be ready to march, or for any other Bufinefs, in Three or Four Days. It is now ready. Anfwer from the Vizier. I have not written any Thing to his Majefty concerning your proceeding to the Prefence. 1 enclofe for your Periifal Copy of my Addrefs to him. You inform me, that you cannot take upon yourfelf" the fettling of this Bufinefs. The Cafe is, that I did not defire you fliould be concerned in this Affair for any other Purpofe than that, by its being fettled m your Prefence, you might have an Opportunity of difcover- ing who it is that afts contrary to his Engagements. It is my Defire that you fliould be a Witncfs to the Integrity of m; Conduit. From NejifTCawn to Colonel Champion. The prefent State of Affairs is this, that fince the Time of my Arrival at the Prefence, I have, in every Ir.iUnce, ated with the greateit Loyalty and Submifiion to his Majefty ; and I am alfodefirousof complying with the King's Pleafure concerning the Divifion of the Country of Ackberabad, which is under my Authority. Although Abd Cawn has prejudiced his Ma- jefty againft me by falfe Afperfions, 1 nevertheiefs perfevrre in my Loyalty and Submifiion to him. As I confider myfelf as fupported by the Company, and am therefore underno Appre- henfions from the In'rigues of defiening and malicious Men, I have no Thought but that of afling agreeable to the King's Pleafure. One Day Abd Cawn direfted the Guards at the Gate of the Fort, that when I came to Court, according to Cuftom, with my Attendants, they mould not fuffVr them to pafs, but attack them ; which they put in Execution Out of Refpeft for his Majefty, though 1 was Witnefs to thefe Proceedings, I took no Notice of them, but difcontinued my Attendance at Court. His Majefty afterwards honoured me with a Vifit, from wfkh Time I renewed n-y Attendance at the Durbar. A Day or Two .after I was tieattd in the fame Manner, which prevented my going again. As I would not bear that any Enemy of .the Company's mould remain in the Prefence, and Ab<5 Cawn had fent for Sunnoo, and procured him h: Majefty's Favour, I took great Pains, agreeable to the Defire of Colonel Champion, to get him difmiffed} but Abdulaid Cawn would never conitnt to this, but fupported him. To the Reprefentations I made to his Majefly to derails Sumroo, 1 received th-s Anfwer from him and Ab* Cawn: "What Pen, fit or Advantage have I ever received from the Englifh Chiefs, or what Treaty have they ever oblerved, that I ftould fatisfy them in this Point ? 1 will protecl Sumroo with iry Life They were even defirous of engaging us in Hoflilities." As I perceived, that fo long as Sumroo remained in the Prefence, there would be continual Difputet and Quar- rels, I wrote him feveral Letters, fometimes giving him Hopes, and at other* exciting his Fears, by which Means I feparated him from the Prefence. He is now at the Diftance of 30 or 40 Cofs from hence. Whenever I find an Opportunity, I will either deftroy him, or feizc and fe';d him to you. One Mr. Redman, who deferted from the Englifli Army, A' d Cawn alfo gave Proteclicn to in his own Houfe. I made Re prefemations to his Ma- jet, y and Abs reprefenrcd the Affairs of Sumroo an4 JMr. Redmau to the fcngliflx Chiefs in a very dift'erent Manner. Betides this, be hold* Cone- APPENDIX, N 44 . Correfpono'enee with the Secies and Marattas. I fend you Copies of fome of his Leftert to then., which fell into my bands, for your Information. I write you c->nf.inualiy the Situation of my Affair* 5 and it is evident to the whol? World, that I am in the firmed Manner attached to the Company. How is it poflible that I ihould Aft contrary to the Will of the Company, or join in Alliance with their Enemies ? AWulaid Cawn's Enmity towards me proceeds from my Connection with the Nabob Vizier. You are well acquaint- ed that, at the Time of his Majefty'i March from Allahabad to Shahjehanabad, he him- /e!f introduced n e to the Vizier; and at Gauntpore General Barker alfo carried me to vifif him, and eftabliflied a firm Fnenofhp between us. As I was convinced tirat ti>e Nab -b Vizier was a fincere Friend to the Engiifh Company, I vifited him, and entered into a Fiiendlhip win. him. Be aiTureo, I conAJer all thp Friends of the Company as my Friends, and all their Enemies as my Enemies. It can never he that 1 Should aft contrary to the Will of the Co vpany. Lft my Enemies and Afperfers report what-they pleafe con- cerning me. Heffud ud dud C-wn formerly afted in the fame hoftile Manner towards m; but the Enmity of M' Cawn is Tea Times JE great, He one D;y fet a Man to ailafiinare me, whom I feized : Th:s Man conf-ffed. without being tortured, tht he v.-.s lent by fuch a One, whofe Servant r,e had been for a long Time ; that he had employed nim to affi diiate me, but that he had failed for Want of an Opportunity. H,e has epgaged a Number of People for this Purpoie, by the Promife of a larje Reward j and he h*s other Defigns which I cannot write you. From Niz ft'Cawn to Colonel Champion,' (The Subftance of this Letter 5s exactly the fame as the forepyng, except, that in the latter Part of it, NiziffCawn informs the Colonel, that the Perfons fent by him for the Purpofe of writing News, had been to vifit him, and complained that Abdulaid Cawn ob- liged them to write whatever he pleafed ; he alfo enclofes a Copy of the King's Letter t Colonel Champion, which is the fame as to the Subiiauce of it with the Original forward- ed by the Colonel, but differs in the ExprelJions.) Enclofed in the foregoing; Copy of a Letter under the Seal of Ab* Cawn to Tocojee. I have received your kind Letter, and underftand the Contents. My Friend ! I con- fider myrelf as favoured by what you write me concerning Gurra Mug&llurdaporc. and I am very ready to agree to if, were it in my Power ; but this Affair is not. You will he informed of the State of Affairs hereby the Letters of Rowbehadar Sing and Gundafe Pun- dit- It is therefore unnecefTary tor me to write you on this Subject. In a Word, I, with Thoufandt of my Adherents, am fallen into Dilgrace out of Regard to you 5 and our Ene- jnies have found an Opportunity to commence Hoftilities. It is advifeable that you im- mediately fend me an Army; and that you alfo come yourfelf, and bring to Puniihmtnt thefe fliort-figh'ed People ; I will not be dilatory in promoting this Undertaking ro the utmoft of my Power. God grant that you may foon arrive. Hi! Majefty has you in .continual Remembrance, and his Regard for you is encreafed. In his own Hand. T cannot write you the State of Affairs here; if you now delay your coming here, it will be very difficult to execute our Defigns. Copy of a Letter under the Seal of Abdu!a : d Cawn to the Chiefs of the Seeks, a Lift of whom will be found in the accompanying Ar^se. I have rfrti;d yotjr kind Le'ter, and underdand the Contents. Your Vackeel, Sondeft Cawn, has al.'o informed me of all the Particulars relative to your Artairs. I reprefented to his Majeity the Loyalty and Obedience you entertain towards him. Set your Mind at Reft, and remain faithful to his Majefty. When you conf.der your Attachment to your rJous N Matter as your Happinsfs, there is no Doubt bur he will fljew you Favour, Your Vackcei will inform you what has been done for your Satisfi&icn, Copy APPENDIX, N 44, Copy of an Arzee from the Sirdars of the Seeks, We hoce that our Propositions will be agreed to. ift. Every Sirdar to have 1,90* Horfe and 500 Foot. (Signed) AM Cawn. 2d Each Horfeman R 30 fer Month; each Foot Soldier 5. (Signed) Abd Cawn. 3d. Each of the following Sirdars fhall be honoured with a Kelaat when he comet to the ?je:ei)ce. Roy Sing Behadar. Eaug Sing Behadar. Doolja Sing Behadar. Dawan Sing Behadar. Schib Sing Behadar. Baugl Sing Behadar. Sudder Seek Behadar. (Signed) Ab<* Cawn. Places (hall be given for their Support. 4th. After they come to the Prefence, feme Purgunnahs (hall be given for that Purpofer. (Signed) AbJ Cawn. ExtraS of Btngal Secret Confutation, tie i6tb QElobtr 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Haftings, Governor General, Prefident. Lieutenant General John Clavering, The Honourable George Monion, Richard Barwell, 7 ,,,. . Philip Francis, f Ef 1 mr "' Extract of Litter from Colonel Champion to the Prefident and Select Coamitf.ee at Fort William, dated Camp jd October 1774. I accompanied Fellah Khan this Morning to vifit the Vizier, who received him wltb much Propriety, and prefented htm w.th the ufual Con.pliment of a Drefs, &c. Extraf} of Bengal Secret Cenfultatioas, the %lft QZltler 1774. PRESENT, The Honourable Warren Bailings, Governor General, Prefident. Lieutenant General John Clavering, The Honourable George Monfon, Richard Harwell, 7 _,. Philip Francis, J Ef 4 ulre '- Received the Two following Letters and Enclofures from Colonel Champion '. Colonel 7 To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c. Members of Champion. J the Sekft Committee. Gentlemen, I have the Pleafure to acquaint you, that his Excellency the Vizier and Feirulla Khan ,_ . have this Day agreed upon Terms of Peace. Feizullt is to have a Jagheer of Fourteen Lacks Seventy-five ThouknJ Rupees per Annum i. clu ..rd bt m the Rohll;a Country, with Liberty to ke^p 5000 Men in Arm? ; in Con- v Vizier and f]der3tion whereof he is to pive the yizier ), his Trea ure. When the anuawj). A g reement j^, sone through ihe afual Formalk.es, I /hall do myfelr the Honour APPENDIX, N 441 Honour of tranfmitting a Copy of it to you ; in the mean Time I beg Leave to congrata- late you on the Couclufion of the War, and remain, With all due Refpect, &c, Camp, 6 h October (Signed) A, Champion. '774- To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Prefident, &c, Members of the Seleft Committee. Gentlemen, Under Date of the 6th Inftant I informed yon that the Vizier and Feiziilla Khan had come to an Ace mnvdation j and I have now the Honour to tranfmit Copies of th* mutual Engagements en ered into between them, as drawn out by his Excellency the Vizier, and fealed and fworn to by him and the Rohilla Yefterday in my Prefence. The Vizier has drawn off his own Army, and To-morrow 1 fhall, agreeably to his Requeft, follow with the Company's Troops. As Feizulla Khan is reftricted to a fmall Body of Men, fuch of the Troops dif- fcanded by him, as the Vizier does not chafe to entertain, are to crofs the Ganges without Delay. I know not well why his Excellency has not inferted in Feizullah's Agreement the Obligation to deliver up Half his Treafure. J remarked this feeming O.niffion to his Excellency before the Agreements were figned : He only anfwered, that whatever Feizul- lah's Effects might be, he would be contented with Half, and the other promised to give a faithful Account of them. Camp, I remain, &c, Within 4 Cofs of Lall Dang, (Signed) A, Champion, October 2th 1774, Copy of a Treaty under the Hands and Stals of the Nabob Sujah ul Dowla Bahadar, and Colonel Champion, A Friendship having been entered into between me and Feizulla Cawn, I have agreed to give him the Country of Rampore, and fome other Diftricts dependent thereon, producing altogether an Annual Revenue of 14,75,000 Rupees ; and I have ftipulated, that Feizulla Cawn fliall retain in his Service 5,000 Troops, and not a fingle Man more ; I therefore jgive fchft written Engagement, that I will at all Times, and on all Occafions, fupport the Honour and Character of Feizulla Cawn, and will promote his Intereft and Advantage to the utmoft of my Power, upon the following Conditions : That Feizulla Cawn fliall enter into rto Connection with any Perfon but myfelf, and that he fliall hold no Correfpondence with any Perfon, except the Englifli Chiefs ; that he fliall confider my Friends as his Friends, and my Enemies as his Enemies; and that with whomfoever 1 ihall make War, Feizullah Cawn fliall fend z or 3,000 Men, according to his Ability, to join my Forces ; and if I march in Perfon, Fiezullah Cawn (hall himfelf accompany me with his Troops; and if, on Account of the Smallnefs of the Number of the Forces he is to retain in his Service, he is not able to accompany me, I will then appoint him 3 or 4,000 more Troops, that he may accompany me with a good Army, and J will be at the Expence of iupporting them. Upon the Performance of thefe Conditions, I have agreed to give the faid Countries at the afore-mentioned Revenue to Feizullah Cawn, and to promote his Jntereft and Advantage to the utmoft of my Power. If Feizullah Cawn fulfil the Articles of this Treaty, and adheres fteadily to it, God willing, I will not neglect whatever may be for his Advantage. He fliall fend the Remainder of the Rohillas on the other Side of the River. I have fworn by the holy Koran calling God and his Prophets to wiinefs to the Performance of thefe Articles. Colonel Champion's Seal. The Vizier' Seal. APPENDIX/ N Copy ef a Treaty under the Hands and Seals of Fizeul/ab Cawn and Colonel Ckantplcn. A Friendship having taken place between the Nabob Vizier and Ul Mult Bahadar and me, and the Nabob Vizier having been gracioufly pleafed to beltow on me a Country, I have fworn on the holy Koran, calling God and his Prophet to witnefs to what l'en- gage, That I will always whilft I live continue in Submifiion and Obedience ti the Nabob Vizier; that I will retam in my Service 5,000 Men, ftipuhted by the Nabob Vizier, and not a fiogle man more ; that with whomfoever the Nabob Vizier fliall en- gage in Hofiilitiej, I will aflift him ; and that if the Nabob Vizier ihall fend an Army againft any Enemy, I will alfo fend i or 3,000 of my Troopi to join them, and if he goes in Perfon againft any Enemy, I will perfonally attend him with my Forces ; that I will have no Connection with any Perfon but the Nabob Vizier, ?nd will hold no Correfpondrnce with any One, the Englifti Chiefs excepted ; that whatever the Nabob Vizier directs, I will execute, and that I will at all Times, and on all Occafions, both ia Adverfity and Profperity, continue his firm Afibciate. I have fworn on the holy Koran, calling God and his Prophet to witnefs to the Performance or thefe Articles. May God and his Prophet punilh me if I aft contrary to Rujjub 1188. Seal of Fizeullah Ciwn. APPENDIX, N. 45, fxtrafi of Fart Jtlltiam S'Cret Confutations, i$tl> Ofalcr 1774, THE following Minute, delivered into Council Vefterday by the Governor General, being referred for Configuration to this Drpartment> is now recorded, hating be fenc in Circulation to the different Members of rhe-Boardi Gentlemen, All the Members of tfiis Council beinetiow afTembled, I could wj/h to point out feme The Cover P eneV a' ''!" for carrying into Execution the Regulations of the new ' M' t Syftem of Government, agreeably to the Inflruftions received from the on the R Company; but upon an atterftive Review of the various Subjects which nues and P,,ii~ occur > * ^ nd ^ n eiTj:y to fe!en confluence of which hit Son is ordered down to receive the Appnintmen' of his Father; 20 Sept. 1774*. 7. Orden to Patna, Mongh-er, and Captain Browne, relative to fettling the Boundaries of the Jun -ulterrv Diftnfts ; 4 OQ, 1774. 8. Cap-ain Brooke's Narrative and Minute relating.to thefe Difhifls; 6th Sept. 1774*, 9. The Goyrnor's Le'ter, recommending the Separation of the Diftricls f:om under the tVna Council, to form the Line of the Jungul-erry Di(tri&s; 15 Oft. 1773. jo. Adjustment or the Boundaries <-f the Beerbhoom Junglterry Lands, formerly farmed by the Rajah ; 30 Aug. 1774. I muft beg Leave to conclude this Subjeft with earnefMr offering my AHvice for the Continuation of this Syftem in all its Farts, with ftich Alterations only as the late Change in the Government ha- rendered indifprr.fably n-ceirary. Innovations are always attended with Diffi -tilties and Inconveniences; Innovations in the Revenue, with a Sufpenfion of the Collections ; a,pd a Change at this Seafon of the Year would be particularly dan gerous, as the Time of the heavieft Payments is now approaching. For the Same Rea- fon, your fpeedy Determination upon the future Mode oif managing and Collecting the Revenues wouW prove of effririal Service. The Court of Directors have been advifed nf the Formation of this Eftablifhment, m confequence of the Orders tranfmitted to us in their Letter of the jth April 1773; and we may fljorrly hope to be fumifhrd with their final Determination c<>nce>ning it, I mud likewife recommend the Continuance of the Separation which was originally made, of the Revenue Department from the other Offices of the Government, as the only Meani by whith it can be regularly conducted; and as there is no Branch of the Company'^ Affairs in which their Interefh fo eflentially depend, f propcfe, that the Council do alTembk for the Conduit of it, in the fame Manner as wa* praclifed by the late Council of Revenue. It will be neceflary to form other fubfidiary Regulations for feparating the Revenue from the Coijimercial Department, and preven ing Competitions between them; and to determine what Servants fliall be employed in the Revmup Branch; that the Board of Trade may be enabled to make Choice, from amongft the reft, of fuch as will be required for conducting the Commercial Buftnefs. The aext Point which I have propofed for your Confederation, is the political Syftem of thefe Province!. The Alliance with the Nabob Sujah Dowla, the Vizier of the Empire, is the only foreign Connection ia which the Government can be with Propriety faid to be en- gaged. This took Place originally by the Treaty formed by Lord Clive at Illahabad in the Year 176"$. By a new Treaty with the Vizier, dated the 8th September 1773, in confequence of an Interview I had with him at Benares, the Monthly Subfidy, f-r the extraordinary Ex- pence of our Forces employed in his Affiftance, was fixed at the Sum of 2,10,000 Rupees for One Brigade ; and the Provinces of Cora and Illahabad ceded to him for the Sum of 50 Lacki ot Rupeec, of which 20 Lacks were to be immediately due, and were accord- ingly paid ; i c. Lacks were to be paid at the Expiration of a Year, and the remaining 15 at the Expiration of Two Years. At the fame T-ime the Vizier had folicited the Aid of our Troops to reduce the Rohilla Country, 1^'ing OB jhe North of his Dominion^ between the Ganges and the Mountains ofTibbet. The immediate Plea for thefe Hoftilities, was the Breach of Faith with which the Rohijla Chiefs were charged, in the Supplies of Money afforded by them to the Marattas, againft whom they had folicited ad obtained the Vizier's Affiftance, under a folemn Engagement to pay him 40 Lacks of Rupees OB the Departure of the tylarattas, and for ret'uling afterwards to fulfil that Engagement. This Enterprize, the Defign of which furniflied the firft Occafion of my meeting with th- Vizier, formed an Article in the original Draught of our Treaty; but it was after- u-ard< omitted at his Drfire, and I promifed that itfliould ftill take Place, if it fuited the Affaits of the Company, at any other Time when he fhould find himfelf in a Condition t refume it. Accordingly, in the Month of January 1774, the Vizier made a formal Re- quilkionof the Afiufcmce of a Brigade of the Company's Force* for the Defence of hir T t 2 Doar>nioni A A P P E N-D I X, N45; J&om"mon, and (ftt rhe.Profecutinn of his former Purpofe of invading the Country of the Rohilias. For this Service he engaged to pay ;he Company, befides the ftipulated Month- ly SubGdy, 40 Lacks of Rupees when it ihould be concluded. The Vizier's requeil was granted ; the Second Brigade was ordered on this Service, and Colonel Champion, the provisional Commander in Chief, appointed to the Command. Having been joined by the Vizier and his Troops, he entered the Rohilla Borders on the xyth of April, and, on -he 23d of the fame Month attacked and defeated the Army of the Rohillas, commanded by Hafez Rliamet, their Leader, who was killed in the Action. This Victory was decifive j no other Enemy appeared in the Field ; and the Vizier hav- ing obtained Poficflion of the g.reateft Part cf the Country, both Armies marched on the 7th of May to. the City of BiiTooly, where Quarters were prepared for them, and it was intended they fliould pals the Rains there ; but the remaining Leaders of the Rohillas having afiembled Forces, under the Ccmm-tnd of Fy/oola Cawn, at Nejeebgur, a Town on the Northern Frontier of the Country, the Vizier, apprehending their acquiring too great Strength, and that the Maratcas mrght return to interrupt the Operations before they were brought to a Conclufion, prevailed upon Cclor.el Champion to pyt the Brigade again in Motion about th: latter End of July, and to march wi:h him againft the Enemy, although the Rains were then at their Height. The Troops enjoyed remarkable good Health, and proceeded without Oppofition to Pottergur ; the Enemy flying before them to the Skirts of the Hills, whither the combined Arr.nes have followed ihem. They have lain for a confiderable Time within a fhort Diftance of each other 5 Colonel Cham- pion waiting for Orders from the Seleft Committee, to purfue the F.nemy beyond the Line to which he conceived himfelf limited by his Initruftions, The necefT^y Orders were fent, and we bave been for forr.e Time paft in daily Expectations of hearing that the War >vas brought to a Conclufion, either by the Attack and Defeat of the Enemy, or by Nego- tiation. The laft Letters from Colonel Champion, which you, Gentlemen, have read, Vere dated the ad Inftant, and advife, that Fyzoolia Cawn had delivered himfelf up, but that the Negociation was ftill continued. The Advantages propofed from this Expedition were, ift, An Addition of Territory, and, of courfe, of Wealth, to the Vizier, in which the Company will always partici- pate, ad, The Completion of the defenfive Line of his Dominions, by freeing thern from an inconvenient Neighbour, and by taking into them the whole Space included be- tween the Ganges and the Northern Mountains. 3d, The Employment of a Third Part f our r.orcc, and a Saving at the fame Time of its Exp-nces. And laftly, The Stipula- tion of 40 Lacks to be paid on the Conclufion of the Undertaking. The Retreat of the Marattas to their ancient Territories, and the violent Dilfentions which had aufcn in their State, were Arguments (Irongly favouring the Time which was chofen for begin- ning the War ; and the Juflice of it is fupported by the undoubted Refufsl of Hafez Rah- met to fulfil the Conditions of his Treaty with the Vizier, of which the Original, wit- nefled by General Sir Robert Barker, is in our Poflefilon. Many detached Events, fuch as the Claim of the Army to a Share in the Plunder of the conquered Country, the Donation offered to them by the Vizier, a Claim of the King Shah Allum to a Share of the conquered Diftricls, will appear in the Courfe of the Cor- refpondence between the Select Committee and Colonel Champion, and do not require further Notice in this Place. The Second Payment of the Treaty Money for Cora and Illahabad ftill remained un- jTifcharged by the lad Advices; but Orders had ifiued for effecting it, and an EngliQj Centkman had been appointed b/ the Vizier to receive and take Charge of it at Fyzabad, his Capital. The monthly Subfidy has been paid with fufVicieot Exaftnefs ; at leaft we have had no information to the contrary. The 40 Lacks of Rupees, ftipu ated for the Peiformance cf the preient Service, I confider as now due, though the Vizier makes feme Object. ons ; but the Defeat of Fyzonlla Cawn's Troops, or the Concluficn of th<- Negociation with i.im, has probably, by this Tim?, put the Company's Right beyond Difpute. 'here remains alfo a fmall Balance of former Accounts Aill unadjufted; thefe will conltitire the principal Part, if not the Whole of our Concerns with the Vizier; when the Bufineis on which we have been to this Time engaged with him is concluded, I appiehend no Diffi- various Farts Of our Records, to yvhich I ft-A\ hereafter diflbclly refer. They maj be reduce.: u ;he following APPENDIX, N 45. following Abridgment ; a fecure Barrier, a eonftant Occupation for Part of mir Army; a Reduction of our Military Exp:nces, and an accumulating Fund of future Wealth. He cannot long fub^ift without our Protection, and is incapable, of himfelf, of becoming an Object ot 'Ur Jealoufy or Appreheniion. For the better Communication with the Vizier, and for the Maintenance of that Confidence which is neceffary to perpetuate the Alliance between the Vizier and the Company, it has been judged advifeable to appoint a Refident at the Durbar, as the immediate Agent of the Governor, with whom alone he officially correfponds. The Gentleman employed in that Station is Mr. Nathaniel Middleton, with whofe Difc etion, Integrity, anti Ability for ths Difcharge of this Truft, I have every Reafon to be abundantly fatisfied. The King remains at Delhi, the ancient Capital of the Empire, a mere Cypher in the Adminiftration of it. With him our Connexion has been a long Time fufpended, and I wifli never to fee it renewed, as it his proved a fatal Drain to the Wealth of Bengal, and the Treafury of the Company, without yielding One Advantage, or poffible Source even of remote Ben?fits, in Return. The Tribute which he claims from the Provinces, hath been w thHeld from him fince bis Defertion of the Company, and his Union with their natural Enemies the Marattas; and a Rrfeiencehas been made to the Court of Directors for their Orders concerning the future Payments of it, with every Argument urged that Can induce them to forbid it. The Maratta State, af.er having threatened the whole Empire with Subjeflion daring the aHve Adm'mftration of their Paiihwa, or afting Chief, Mahderow, has been for thefe Twelve Months pad the Scene of internal Diftraflions, which rtill fubfifts. On the Death of Mahderow, his Brother Narrain Row fucceeded him. He was treacheroufly flain, and his Uncle Raganot Row releafed from Prilbn, and declared Paifhwa in his Ste d The M'nifters of the Government, to whom he owed his Elevation, became the Objefts of his Jealoufy, and aling from that Impreflion, he made them his Enemies; they formed a powerful Combination againft him, fet up the new born Son of Narraia Row in Competition againft him, and defeated him. He has llnce thrown himfelf on the Protection of Takojee Hulkar, and Mahadajadee Sindca, Two Chiefs of Confideration, who were lately in the Party of his Opponents. The Leaders of this Oppofition, Sooko ram Bolboo, the Principal Minifter; Gaujaboy, the Mother of the Paiftiwas Mahderow and Narrain Row; Shubajee Bonfela, the Chief of Berar, and the Nabob Nizam AHi. The Two laft may be rather confidered as Auxiliaries; Moodajee, the Brother of Sha- bajee, was on the Side of Raganot Row till his Defeat} both the Brothers are new in Berar. The laft Letter from Mr. Moflyn, the Refident at Poonah, dated the azd Auguft, explains the State of thefe Dilutes to that Period ; they feem yet likely to be of longer Duration, and whenever concluded, will probably leave the prevailing Party too weak to undertake any Plan of remote Conqueft for feme Time at leaft to come ; of courfe we hart DO Caufe to apprehend any Disturbances from the Marattas during the prefent Seafon. The Province of Berar, adjoining to our own Borders on the South and Weft Side of the Provinces, merits, from that Confideration, and from the Power and Independency of its Rulers, a diftincl Confideration. The prefent Chief, Shabajee Bonfelab, is the Brother of the late Janojee B.;onfla, who for many Years pad enjoyed the Sovereignty of the Country. His Brothers are Moodajee, who has been already mentioned in this Narra- tive, andBimbajee; the latter poflelTei little other Confequence befides that which he derives from the Credit of his Family. TheTwo other Brothers have been long atVariance, but by the Mediation and Authority of Derriaboy, the Widow of Janojee, and a Woman of great Spirit and reputed Ability, prevented from carrying their Animofities to violent Extremes. Their being engaged in oppofite Factions of the Maratta State is not a certain Pro f of their mutual Enmity ; it being (as I underftand) a Policy not uncommonly prac- tifed among the Marattas, for the fame Family to take different Sides in Civil Diflen- tions, with a View to its Aggrandizement. While I was at Benares the laft Year, a Vakeel from Shawbajee Boafla arrived at that Place with a Letter aHdrefled to me by that Chief, and attended me in Calcutta until the Month of September lalf, when be received his Difmifiion to return to his Matter, in confequence of Orders received for that Ppr- pofe. The Purport of Shawbijee's Letter, and the verbal Proportions made to me by his Vakeel, was to folicit the Friend/hip and Alliance of this Government ; to which I have replied in Uich Terms as were rnoft likely to encourage him to nearer Advances, if he has formed any Defigns which may make it ftrongly his Intereft to court the Friendihip of the Company. Ht; is defcended from the ancient Rajahs or Sittarah. The prefent Rajah i* called Ram Rajch } he has no Children, It is worthy c? Remark, and may ferve to con. Try APPENDIX, K 45. ey feme Idea of the Inftability of the present Gorernment of the Maratta?, that it Is ercifed through Two fubordinate Gradations. The Raja, in whofe Name all the Order f the State are ifTued, is deprived of all Atrh'OMtv. The Paiihwa, or Prime Minifter an Infant of Nine Months old; and the aftual Minifter or Regent, who exercifes th legal Powers of both, a Man deriving his Authority folely f om the Combination of a few wealthy Individuals. From this divided State of the Maratta Empire, and the In terefls and Pretenfirtn of the feveral Competitors tor Power amengfr them, great political Advantages may perhaps be attained to the Company, to which the prefent united Syftem f the Company's Eftablifhmtnts in India in well calculated to contribute. (Signed) Warren Haftings. The Vizier Sujah Dowla's Application by Letter through General Barker, for the Afliftance of the Enziiih Troops, ag-inft the Ro- hillas, and the Governor's Reply to him, with the Refolution of the Seleft Committee. Seleft Com. Proceed. 14 June, 1772. The Vizier's Application for a Force to repel the Marattas, and the Governor's Anfwer, defiting him to wait till Receipt of the Com- pany's Advices of the Ssafon. Seleft Com. Proceed. 20 July *772 Orders for the March of the Brigade to the Affiftance of the Vizier. Ditto. *g Oft. 1772. See alfo Conf. 16 Nov. 1771. Meafures to be taken for the Defence of the Provinces of Corah and Currah, againft the M^rattas ; G'neral Barker to p-epare to join the Vizier wirh the ift Brigade, and proceed to the Defence of Co- rah and Illahabad in Concert with him. Ditto. I Feb. 1773* Queries of the Genera) propofed in Cafes of particular Exigencies, and Gates in his Expedition. II D. Th Board's Anfwerto thefe Queries. 15 D. Inftruftions to General Barker on his Departure for the Army. S D. General Barker blamed for having patted the Ganges. 17Marchi773 Genera! Barker's Reafons for having crofled the Ganges, and the Se- left Committee's Cenfure for it. Seleft Com. Proceed. 15 April 1773. And Conf. 16 l>. General Barker's Vindication of his Condua in tlii$ Particular. Scleft Com. Proceed. Jo May. Propofal for an Interview between the Governor and Sujah Dowla. Ditto, jr April 1773, See alfo Conf. 19 April. Sujah Oowla's Letter to the Governor, preffing for the Interview, and the Governor's De'ernvnatun to go. 31 May. Refolutions to depute Mr. Lawrell tc take Charge of the Provinces of Corah and Ulah.bad. 1 9 April. Jnftruftions given him. 26 Do. Inftruftions for the Governor agreed on and figned, but not recorded for the Sake of Secrecy. 1? May. DO. recorded in Confultation. 4 Oft. The Governor's Report of his Transitions with. Sujah Dowla at Benares 4 Oftober General Barker's Diflent to DO. 7 Oftober The Governor's Reply to General Barker's Minute, the General's Re- joinder, and the Board's Obfervations 12 Oft* The Vizier's Letter, requiring the Brigade to conquer the Rohiiia Country. Sr!eft Com. Proceed. 22 Vov. 17734. Alfo Conf. 26 Nov. The Governor'-i Anfwer to the Vizier's Letter, with the Draft of an Engagement to be given by him in cafe of his accepting the Service of the Brigade } the Prefidrm's Minute, and the Board's Determination to grant it on thois T::ms. Conf. sfi NOT. 17734 The Virier's Anfwer to ditto; he Hoes nt ijnirediately want the Brigade, butdefirts it may be ready. 13 Jan. 1774' APPENDIX, NO 4f . . The Vizier calls for the Brigade, and fends down the the Ob- ligation executed. Confultatiooi, 3 Feb. 177^ Colonel Champion ordered to prepare to command it. D Inftruclions to Colonel Champion for this Expedition. 14. Feb. ColoiK-1 Champion's Letter reporting the Victory over the RohilUs at Fill . beet, &c. 9 May Ditto's Letter on the Inconvenience of the Troops being ordered to canton at Biifouly, and remove from Berelly ; and a fup- pofed Treaty between the King and the Vizier, through Nujiff Cawn, ano the Bo;rd's Anfwer. 2j May, Ditto's Letter relative to 'he Situation of Fyzoola Khan, with the Anfwer of the Board. Ah'o his Letter relpecling the Search of Pyllibett for Treafure reported to be there, and the Governor's and Board's Reply to him. 3 June Colonel Champion's Letter, that Fyzoo'.a Khan is encamped juft without the Boundaries of the Limitation of his Ope- rations j the Board's Permiflbn to extend his Circle, if ne- cefiary, for the Defeat of Fyzoola. jg Spt The Prefident's Correfpondence with the provifional Com- mander in Chief. Ditto v, ith the Refident at the Vizier's Court. The Select Comrruttee'i Proceedings, in Continuation frcm Ijth April 1772, to the prtfent Period, are recommended to be read j betides the Proceedings of the Council in the Se- cret Department, wherein many other detached Pieces relat- ing to thefe Subjels will be found j particularly within the Period of the 1310 April 177*. and ihe ier 1774. The Governor delivers in the Minute in Diflent to the Refo- lution of the Majority of the Board, Yefterday, which he then promifed, as follows : The Governor's Dif- ' difi>nt from the Refolution of the Board, becaufe I do not fent to the Refoiution think the Whole of the Correfpondence, which the Commander for his delivering up all ' n Chief defires to have laid before the Board, is neceflary for his Correfponaence with t ' le ' r Information; and becaufe, as I have already declared, Mr. Middleton and there are feveral Parts of Mr. Middleton's which comprehend Colonel Champion. an unreferved and confidential Communication of his Opinion, and of fuch Occurrences as he judged neceflary for my private Information, entered into and carried on by him on my repeated AfTurances that I would not reveal any Part of his Correfpondence which might fubjeft him to Ill-will or Inconvenience. That I had a Right to give Mr. Middleton fuch Affbrances, at the Time I delivered him his Inductions, cannot be doubted ; and it will be found perfectly confonant to the Truft repofed in me by the Adminiftration. It was the Condition and exprefs Declaration of the Board in his Appointment, that he ftould be my official Agent in the Maintenance of that Inteicouife with the Vizier, which the Honourable Company had committed efpecially and folely to my Charge, and for which I alone vvat refponfible. Such were the Ideas and the Practice, with no Exceptions, which could invalidate the Rulr, of evtrry Admi- niftration in Bengal, from the Year 1757 to the Diflblutien of the late Government 5 and I will venture to appeal to the Members of the laft Council, whether they did not underftand that I was allowed to employ the Services of Mr. Middleton with with the Latitude I have defcribed ? If the Latitude allowed to me in the Exercife of thefe con- Hitutional Powers by the former Adminiftration Ihould be deemed under the new Government too extenfive, it depends en them to rrtrench it. But I conceive that Engagements, of whatever Na'ure, contracted by me during that period, underftood to be confiftent with the Rules of the Service, and the Powers vefted in me, can lofe no P lure on my former Adminiftration in the Branch of Correfponder.ee with the foreign Power', and lo introduce the Changr piooofed with every Circumflinre of Mortification, to me. 1 will conclude with a few Words w^kr> I think neceffarv, refpefline; Mr. Mid.iletoa for obviating any Conftfu&ion to his Prejudice, which may be drawn from what I havft faid of the fecret Nature of Part of his Correfpondence. 1 therefore now declare, that I never either expected or recrievd from him any Information refpe&ing Individual* which the ftricleft Honour could not juftify ; nor has !>e ever conveyed to nie an Opinion, or a Word, rerhcYing upon the Character of any Gentleman in the Service, unlefs the Letters which I (hall lay before the Board fhall be conrtrued to have fuch Tendency. AS to the reft, I am certain that the Whole of Mr. Middlrton's Management, including ven his mod fecret and confidential Correfporidence, whenever it (hall be piihcly known, Will reflect Honour both on his Principles and Abilities, and recommend him to the No- tice of his Empl wers in a Manr.-r that will be favourable to himfelf, and do Credit vb me in the Choice I made of him. I have now formally to acquaint the Board, that all the official Letters of Mr. Na thaniel MiJdleton, and fuch Parts even of his private Correfponaence as I can with Propriety (hew, fhall be laid bffore them. A Copy alfo ftiall be, delivered of my Letters addrefled to him, in which I (hall obfervc the fame Refervat ; on. All Colonel Champion's official Let'ers /hill be laid before the Board, with Copies of mine to hrrt, if required ; but fuch as have pafTed between us of a familiar and friendly Communication, I do not think myfelf authorized to produce, beraufe they were written only for our mutual Information; and his are exprefsiy marked with a diiiinfr. Mode of Addrefs for thofe which are intended for official, and for thofe which he intended as confidential. I am the more obfcrvant or this Rule towards Colonel Champion, becaufe our Correfpondence has not been al ogether cordial on many Points, and we have feverall Times expoftulated with each other on thefe Topics with the Freedom of private Friend?, nd in aStile, which, though decent in every Degree, is yet different, perhap;, from the formal Addrelfcs of official Correfpondence. (Signed) Warren Haflings. The General, Colonel The General thinks it proper to proteft againft the Governor's Monfon, and Mr. Refufal to deliver up the Whole of the Correfpondeu.ce, and will Francis, yroiefr.. deliver his Reafons in a Minute To-morrow. Colonel Monfon the fame ; And Mr. Francis the faCrie. Extra & of Scent Confutations, Fort Wiil\atn t the 2%tb Octcbtr 1774. overnor, in conformity to his Declaration in the Minu'.e laid bef Vvhich he entered Ol> the la(l Confutation, now lays before ik* Boaid Fo.ir.i rhe fevera! original Lette.B from Colonel Champion and Mr. Middleron to him, End Copies of his Letters to the latter ; and bt acquaints the Board, that Copies of hia Letters to the former of thefe Gentlemea are pre- paring, and mill be allo laid before them. Ordered, That all the above mentioned Letters bee-.tered in a Book apart, in regular Order, to be tranfmitted as cuflomary to theCouit or Directors, The General, Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis now deliver in the following Proteft againft the Governor's Rrfufal to give up the V/ho'e cf his Cotrefpcndence with Colonel Champion and Mr. MitlJleion, agree*bk to the:. Ir.:iir,*t:ca al ike laft Mteur.g. K.V. U w Tbf APPENDIX, mpany Forces employed in the Expedition againft the Rohillas, are founded upon thofe which induced us to concur in the Motion made by General Clavering, and approved of by a Majority of the Board, for obtaining a Communication of the above Correfpondence. We teg leave to ftate thofe Reafons to the Board. Upon our Arrival at Fort William, the firft material Intelligence that came before us concerning the State of the Company's Affairs, was, that One Third of their Mili- tary Force was actually employed under the Command of Sujah Dowla, not in defending his Territories againft Jnvafion, but in aflifting him to fubdue an independent State, and uniting it to his own Dominions. Enquiring farther into Fact?, and examining the Pro- ceedings of the late Prefident and Council, as far as the Shormefs of the Time, and im- jnediate Prefi~ure of other Bufinefs would permit us, we found, that the Reduction of the Rohillas was completed, and that our Army, about the Beginning of this Month, w3 ftationtd upon the Skirts of the Mountain' of Tibet, as a Place fo diltant from our Fron- tier, and fo considerably to the North of Delhi, that it is not comprehended in any of trie ordinary Maps of Indoftan. We fnall not now enter into the political Arguments by which fnch a Meafure may be arraigned or defended ; it is fufficient for the Purpofe of the prc- fent Protfft, that the Meafure itlelf carries upon the Face of it a manifeft Violation of all thofe Principles of Policy, which we know have been eftabliflied by the higheft Authority, and, till now, univerfaily admitted (even by the late Prefident and Council themfelves) as the Bafis of the Company's Councils in the Administration of their Affairs in India. Involved, therefore, in this Contradiction between Facts and Principles, and forefecing the immediate Neceflity to which we might be reduced, of adopting or departing from the political Syftem in which the lafe Prefident and Council have engaged the Company, we thought it our Duty to enquire minutely into every Tranfaction, Record, Correfpondence, or other Document, which had relation to that Syftem. From that Enquiry, and from the Information laid before us by the Governor General, it appears that the Afliftance now given to Sujah Dowla is not founded upon any fpecific Treaty between him and the Company 5 that it arifes from a verbal Agreement only, which the late Prefident entered into with him at their Conference at Banares. That withRefpect to theTerms of the Agree- ment, the only Authority, to wh'ch either Party can appeal, is contained in a Letter from the Vizier to the late Prefident; and that the active Meafures, wb'ch have followed from that Agreement, were adopted by the late Council with the greateft Reluctance. In this Situation, other Lights into the Nature of the Negociations and Engagements with Sujah Dowla, beyond any that we have yet received, are undoubtedly necefiary to direct our Judgment. We think a complete Communication of the original Correfpondence between the late Prefident and the Company**; Refident at the Durbar, and the Commander Ln Chief of the Company's Troops now in the Field, indifyenfably requifite for the Infor- mation of the Board. The Governor General has declined laying before us that complete Correfpondence, for Reafons which do not appear to us to be fatisfactory. The Court of Directors, in their Letter of the 2^d March 1370, have laid down a pofuive Rule concern- ing the Governor's ftparate Conefpondence, which evidently applies to the prefent Cafe. It is therein ordered, That " the Governor fingly fliall correspond with t,he Country " Powers; but all Letters, before they fliall be by him fent, molt be communicated to *' the other Members of the Select Committee, and receive their Approbation ; and alfo ! < all LeHers ivbate the Board, we think it inconfiflent with the general Principles of a free Governn-ent, that the Chief of any Co incil /lull carry oa a lecret Cone.pondence with the Ministers or Officers of the Go- verf.ment independent of the Ccuncil ; and much more that he Should be at Liberty to re- fiife to the Council \ Communication of that Correfpondence, when requeued by them. It is a Kind cf Ftuft which, in our Judgment, cannot with Safety be vefieJ in any Indi- vidua 1 . It tends to converts public Minifter and Officer, employed and paid by the State ' into a pMvztc'Afent, which in Fact the prefent Refirfent at the Vizier's Courtis defcribeti to be, not on!y bv the Governor General himfelf in the Courfe of oar Debates on this . Subject, but by his Minute delivered in to the Board on the26:h Inftant, and by the Se- hSt Committee ir taut Letter to Colonel Champion, dated the z}d May 1774. It tends to APPENDIX, N 45. to felTen the Dignity of the Board, and to render the Appointment of the prefent Governor General and Council unnecfjary. For thefe and other weighty Reafons, it appears to u, that we fliould not acquit ourfelves of the Duty which we owe to the Honourable Court of Dire&ors and to the Eaft India Company, if we did not folemnly proteft againft the Go- vernor General's Conduct in refufing the Communication requeued of him by the BoH, as a Refufal not founded upon Right ; and againft all the Confequences which may attend our not being furuiShed by him with fufficient Lights to inform and direct us at the Outlet of our Administration, (Signed) J. Clavering, (jeo. Monfon, P. Francis. Extrafl of Secret Confultationi, Fort William, tbtb QElobtr 17741 Colonel Monfon propofes the following Queftion to the Board : r> Tfiur *-jji *' Whether or not Mr. Middleton fliould be continued Refidentat- ATii K uj' C tf ie Court of the Vizier, the Governor having refufed to lay be fore the Board the Whcle of his Correfpondence ?" This Queftion being accordingly put, Mr.Francis thinks that he mould not be continued. Mr. Barwell thinks that it would be improper to remove him at this Juncture. Colonel Monfon thinks that Mr. Middleton mould not be continued there. The Commander in Chief alfo thinks that he ought not to be continued. The Governor objects to the Removal of Mr. Middleton. Refolved by Refolved, by the Majority of the Board, That Mr. Nathaniel Middle- the Majority, ton be not continued Refident at the Vizier's Court. Th* r %' The Governor enters the following Diffent to this Refolution. I ~". diffent from the Refolution of the Majority of the Board for the Dif- miHion of Mr. Nathaniel Middleton from his Employment ; and I here- by enter my folemn Proteft againft all the Confluences of fo violent a Meafure, which proclaims to all the Powers of Hindoftan, in almoft the firft public Act of the new Admi- niftration, the total Abolition of the Authority which they have hitherto feen exercifed by me, either in Perfon, or through my official Agen', as the fiift and executive Member of the Government of Bengal ; an Authority which has been confirmed to me by an Act of the Britifh Legislature, and efpecially afligned me by the Instructions of the Honourable the Court of D. rectors, in the Claufe appointing me the Cole Channel of Correfpondence with the Princes and Powert of lodia. (Signed) Warren Haftingj. O If M M' in rooftquence of his different Engagement?, the Payments'he may have made in Difrlprge of them, and the Balances which remain iJue, and, in general, ail the Pipers and Documents relating to your pecuniary Tranf- aclions with him, that the faid Officer rnay be enabled to liquidate thefe Accounts at ioon at poffible. Fort William, We are, &c, thez6th Oaober 1774. . Extra fi of Sccrst Cenfulttttiont, Pert William, zfab Ofloler 1774, n Yfffc P -A It being refolved to recal Mr. Middlton, the Commander in BSL Chief propofcs that Colonel Champion, or the Officer command- ai ii.e : A.rn/ inaii ugu ipg tfcc Brigadr> be appoimed to treat with S ojah Dowla in the ' ., Room of Mr. Middieton. Mr. Francis *grees to this Fropofal. Mr. BarweH thinks, that in confluence of the Recal of Mr. Middieton, the Ne- tEllity of an Appointment in his Room in the prefent Juncture is obvious ; but he never r.bferved in any general Proportion of this Nature that it involved the Nomination of 4 particular Perfon ; and he has many Reafons tor objecting to our political Affairs with th* Afistic PrihceS being carried on through a military Medium. For this Reafon, anr acquainting him of , he new Government having taken Place, of Mr. requeued to ^ M.cdleton's Recal from his Court, and of the Appointment of the Com- " manding Officer of the Brigade in the Interim to treat with him in the room of Mr. Middleton. Extract of Secret Confutations, Fort William, iltb OfJoler 1774. The General pro- 7 The General propofes the following Queflions for the Deliberation pofes Queftions. of the Board: j. That the Demand for the Forty Lacks from the Vizier be repeated, and that Colo- pel Champion, or the Officer commanding the Second Brigade, be infirucled to that Effect. a. That the Colonel or Commanding Officer be alfo inftrucled to make a Demand for fuch further Payments as may be due from the Vizier on receiving thefe Inftruftions, and to liquidate whatevrr Accounts rray be tnfettled with him at the Tiir.e. 3. That he be further inftruftcd, that although he is to make an immediate Demand for the whole Forty Lack', and for fuch ether Payments as may be riue at that Time ; yet if he finds that it is impoffible for the Viziei to comply with the Whole of thefe Demandt, he is to receive what can be allowed in ready Money, and fettle a Kifbundee with him for the Remainder. The Sum to be received in ready Money not to be lefs than Twenty Lacks, and the reft to be payable at different Periods within Twelve Month?. 4. That the Colonel or Commanding Officer be further inftrucled, that in cafe the Vizier fhould refufe to comply with thefe Demands, he is to enter a Proteft againft him, declaring that the Company have fulfilled all their Engagements with him ; and, within 14. Days after the Receipt of thefe Instructions, to retire with the Army under hit Command, and withdraw it into the Company's Territories. 5. That fuither Orders bf fent to Colonel Champion, or the Officer commanding the Brigade, that after having finiftied the Negociations for the Money now due, he do im- mediately withdraw the whole of the Forces under his Command within the Limits of the Province of Oude ; and that unlffs th; Vizier ihould require the Continuance of the Troops for the Defence of his original Dominions, with the Ptovinces of Corah and Illa- babad, lie return with thtm to the Cantonments at Dinapore. 6. That Colonel Champion, or the Commanding Officer, on quitting the Vizier fliall acquaint him, that the Governor General and Council propofe to appoint a Perfon to refide at his Court j and to declare, that they mean to adhere ftri&ly to the Treaties of Jlhhabad and Benares, till the Pleasure of the Court of Dire&ors regarding the latter be Jtaov.ii, 7. That APPENDIX, N45. 7. That ne be further inftrudled, that if he mould apprehend any Difficulty or Danger in his Retreat, that then he /hould fufpend his Declaration, and take the beft Meani in, his Power for the Prefervation of the Army, and advife the Board immediately of his Situation. To be confider. Ordered, That each individual Member of the Board be furmihed with ed and deter- a Copy or" thefe Propofitions, in order to confider of them ; and mined next Agreed, That the Board come to a Determination upon them at th Council Day, next Meeting. Ex'.raB of Secret Confultations, Fort WiV'tam, 31 Ofiobcr 1774. _, _ Refutned the Confideration of the General's Propofals of the z8th The Generals , nftant The Governor and Mr. Harwell give in the following Minutes in . : ' e "' Reply to the whole which are now read. Replies to the Queftions propofed by the General. i. The Letters received from Mr. Nathaniel Middleton fince the laft TheCovernor's Meeting of the Council have removed every Plra of Neceffity for en- Minute on forcing this Demand ; becaufe it appears from thofe Advices, that the them. Vizier has already declared his Acquiefcence in it. As far therefore as this Queftion goes, the Purpofe of it has already taken Effect. z. This I agree to. 3. To this alto I agree. 4. I difapproye of this Article. The abrupt Removal of the Brigade by the Firft Aft of Adminiftration will be publicly regarded, and will actually be a Declaration that our Engagements with the Vizier no longer exift. It may be urged that the Money is juftly due from the Vizier, and that therefore it he delays to pay it, the Breach of Engagement will be OH his Side, not on our's. But fuch a rigid dictatorial Severity is very contrary to the Delicacy required by the Court of Directors in all our Tranf<;c"t,ions with the Vizier : and, by imprfling him with an Opinion that we are no longer difpofed to befriend him, tends to the Diffolution of our Alliance, the Maintenance of which they enjoin in all their Letters on the Subject in the moft explicit and peremptory Terms. I therefore propoie this Amendment to the Queftion } That inftead of retiring with the Army within fo fliort a Space as 14 Days, the Commanding Officer be inftrufled, that if the Vizier fliall prop ofe other Terms of Payment, ftill allowing the Company's Right to an immediate Acquittal of his Engagements, the Commanding Officer do tranf- mit his Reply to th.2 Board, and wait their Refolution, either for accepting thefe Terms, or for offering ultimate Conditions, or for withdrawing the Army without further Delay. - .The Difference of Time between the Effect of this Order and that propoled by the General, will not probably be more than Thirty Days ; and there can be no Caufe fo urgent as to require the Removal of the Brigade precifely within the ihort Time allowed by the Queftion, which precludes every Interpoiitjon of the Council ; whereas, by ex- tending it to the Period which I have recommended, that Interpofition is referved to the Board, and may prevent the moft fatal Confequenceo. 5: This I totally difapprove, as a Breach of Faith, which would inflifl an indelible Di/hoaour on the Enghfh Name. It is true that the cuftomary Forms of a Treaty have cot been executed for the Engagements on which the late Expedition againft the Rohiilaa was undertaken ; but they have received every Form that can be morally binding both on the Vizier and on the Company. The Undertaking was propofed by him; the mutual Conditions, on which tbe Company were to affift in it, were propofed by the late Admi- niftration in the Draft of a Letter which was to be written by him. It was ac- cordingly tranfuibrd in a Letter from the Vizier, without any material Variation, and Ji s Letter was accepted. What more can be required to give fuch an Engagement the Sanction of the moft folemn Treaty ? If more is wanting, the Acceptance of the Ad- vantages flipulated fo; ths Company muft undeniably complete it ; yet it is now propofed jo demand every Rupee which fhali be due from the Vizier in virtue of hit Engagements to the Company, and the next Intlant to abandon him, although the entire Lo s of the Conqueft fo lately acquired, even the Completion of which remained doubtful when the was propofed, may be the immediate Conference of our Defection. The only Reafoa APPENDIX, N 4 $. Reafon which I have heard alleged, or can conjecture for fuch a Meafure, is, the Dingef attending the Continuance of tne Breads in lo remote a Staiion. To this the Reply is Cbvious, The moft diftant Part of the Rohilla Country is not above 14 Dm March from tne Frontier of the Vizier's Dominions : And can the Advantage gained by fo fmall A Diftance be confidered of fuch vaft Importance, that the national Faith fhould' be violated to acquire it ? But the Confequences do not ftop herej the Vizier will moft afluredly confider his own Engagements as cancelled by fuch an Example, and will be jufiified irt demanding the Reftitution of the Money which he has paid in the Difcha^ge of them, and in withholding that which will ftill remain unpaid. Thus the moft folem-n Ads of" public Faith will be annihilated ; the Alliance of the Vizier either wholly loft, or left on the dangerous Foundation of occafional Conveniency ; the whole Amount of the Vizie?'* Debt, which was not inftantJy difcharged, either wholly facrificed, or to be redeemed by open Violence, for no other Purpofe, than to bring tne Brigade, which is not wanted for the Defence of our own Provinces, to the Diftance of 150 Miles, or poflibly but a Hundred, from the Station in which its Services may be requifite for confirming to the Vizier the PofielTion which it has already acquired for him. 1 oppofe the Queftion there- * fore, becaufe nopoffible Advantage can be derived from it; becaufe it is injurious to the national Honour; and oecaufe it is hazardous for the prefent Intereft and future Safety of the Company. It will add to the Lift of the Afts of the new Government, which are calculated to throw an Odium on the Mea'fures of the laft Admin ftration, and to pro- claim the new Influence which gove.-ns the prefent; and, with whatever Intention the Order may be promulgated, I am firmly perfvnded that it will be conftrued by the Vizier, and by all the Country Powers, who will all be Spectators of its Effects, as proceeding folely from thefe Motives. t. I agree to this Queftion, except the laft Claufe, which I am of Opinion ought to be omitted; becaufe it is both unnecelfary and dangerous to furnim the Vizier with a Sufpi. cion, that the Treaty ra-ificd with him is not valid, and may be cancelled. It is the Duty of this Government to conform to the Treaty. If the Company mould difapprove ofir, and, in confequence of that Difapproval, ordered it to be cancelled, which I will not allow myfelf to fuppofe, it will be Time enough then to inform him of it. 7. I fee no Reafon for forming Cafes of Danger which are by no Means likely to hap. pen. The Plea of Neceflhy will juftify the Commander of the Army in taking the beft Means in his Power for its Prefervation, if it mould be in real Danger ; but to declare an Opinion in this Board, that fuch Danger is apprehended from the Perfidy or Violence of the Vizier, is to fow the Seeds of Jealoufy and Apprehenfion in his Breaft, and, by the natural Effects of fuch an Imprefiion, to bring on the Event which it is intended by this Older to obviate. (Signed) Warren Haftings. Mr. Barwel! replies to the General's Propofitions. M .., i. The Firft Queftion appears to imply, that the Demand had been re- S milted for a Time, and that fuch Remiflion rendered it neceffary to in- Minute on ,e ftruft Colonel champion, cr the Commanding Officer of the Brigade, lons ' to repeat the Demand for the Forty Lacks due from the Vizier. The formal Requifition already made in the Name of the Government evinces nothing has been left undone, either in Point of making the Demand, or of obtaining Attention to it. The Letters from the Vizier and our Refident at his Court, plainly inform us it it in a proper Train of Liquidation j but as it has been determined to remove the public Agent of the former Government, and to appoint the Military Commander to execute the Truft that was repofed in that Agent, I arj(| that I never thought of fending any other X x a APPENDIX, N 45, Perfon to refide with him but a Civil Set- vant ; and my Reafon for mentioning the Treaties of Illahabad and Benares was, that I wiflied to diftinguifh folemn Treaties, ratified in Form, from a mere verbal En- gagement, the Tenor of which is only known by the Vizier's Letter ; and the Terms, both as to the Ohje'ft and the Time, entirely indefinite j and iherefore I defire the Propofition may ftand as it is." The Governor. (See his Minute above entered.) JUfolved, by the Majority, That the Propo(it : on ftand as it is, only leaving out thefe \Vofds at the End, " till the Pleafure of the Court of Directors regarding the latter be known." 7th. That he be further inftrufled, that Mr. Francis delivers his Opinion as fol- jf he fliould apprehend any Difficulty or Jews ; The Idea of the Danger and Diffi- Danger in his Retreat, that then he Jhould c.ulty of a Retreat, which are fuppofed fofpend his Declaration, and take the beft portable in, this Article, is not exprefsly di- Means in his Power for the Prefervation of reeled againft the Vizi;r 5 fuch Difficulty the Army, and advife the Board immediately and Danger may an fe from other Caufss. of bis Situation. So far as the Viaier may be underftood to bs concerned, I think the Order proper. If the Commanding Officer fhould apprehend that his Retreat may be interrupted, he it to fufpend the Declaration of his Intention to withdraw. As for the reft, I do not think that any Opinions which may arife in the Vizier's Mind, from his Construction of an Order which ought not, and probably will never come to his knowledge, are to be put in Competition with the Safety of One Third of our Army. That the Vizier fhould be even fuppofed to know the Secrets of our Confutations or Orders, argues a Breach of Truft and Finelity in fome of our MinifterialOfficers, which, without parti- cular Charge and Proof, I cannot admit as an Argument in our Deliberations. Mr. Harwell. (See his Minutes above.) Colonel Monfon. I am for this Propo- fition as it ftands, not fuppofing that the Vizier will ever become acquainted with the Deliberations or Operations of this Board; and I think the Caution to the Commanding Officer of the Army to be ab. folotely necetfary. General Clavering. I am likewife for tke Propofition as it now ftand s ; becaufe this Inftruclion is to convey a difcretionary fecret Order to the Commander of the Army, for the Prefervaiion of the Troops employed at fuch a Diftance from this Country, that it is acknowledged that the Sepoys, who are not tranfported by Water Carriage, will b Two Months before they can reach the Frontiers of Bahar ; and I think, that Government would not be juftified, either to their King, their Coun- try, or the India Company, if they did not take every Precaution againft tke Perfidy of a Man, APPENDIX, N 45. a Man, who has dareJ to prefcribe filch infulting Condition* to the nte Prefident, as to fay, " I am the Mafter in thefe Af- " fairs, and the Fewer of retaining or dif- " miffing the Englifli Army is mine ; it " mail remain prefent with me ; and with- " out my Difmiffion, the Englifh Army ne- " ver, never fliall go." The Governor. (For hi? Opinion, fee his Minute above entered.) Refolved, by the Majority, That this Proportion ftand as it i. Mr. Franc-i moves, That in Addition to the Articles already agreed on, the command- ing Officer be directed to execute the Inftruftions contained in thrs Lett'er, with as much JRefpeft to the Vizier in his Addreffes to him, and in as amicable Terms as poflible, con- (jftejitly with an exact and firm Execution of our prclen: Orders. Mr. Harwell pbfervts, that he would rather wiflj to take the Terms from the Heads of a Letter which the General oftered to the Board when he firft introduced tjiis Subject. The General acquaints the Board, that if he had with him the Heads of the Letter alluded to, he would undoubtedly deliver them in ; but as Mr. Francis, in his Motion, as pear as he can recollect, has included what he offered irt ihe Heads of the Letter, he agrees to Mr. Francii's Motion. Agreed to the above Motion of Mr. Francis. RefoNed, That the following Lettrr be written and difpatched to Colonel Champion, or the Commanding Officer of the ad Brigade : To Colonel Champion, or the Officer commanding the Second Brigade. Sir, This accompanies a Duplicate of our laft. We are now to acquaint you, that we have thought proper to recal to the Prefidency Mr. Middleton, the Refident at the Vizier's Court, and have directed him to deliver over to you whatever Documents, Accounts, or Papers, he may have in his Hands relating to the Vizier's pecuniary Engagements with, the Company. As we have further determined to charge you with the Negociatiohs re- fnecting thefe Engagements, and the confequent Payments due to the Company from the Vizier, we proceed to give you fuch Jnftrudtions for your Guidance, as we judge expedient on the Occasion. You will, then, immediately on the Receipt of this Letter, wait on the Vizier, and in the moft decent and refpectful Terms repeat the Demand which has been already made to him of the 40 Lacks of Rupees due to the Company, on account of their Afliltance m the Reduction of the. Rohilla Country, agreeable to his Stipulations. You are at the fame Time to demand of him the Payment of fuch otSer Sums as may then have become due in virtue of his other Engagements ; and you are hereby empower- c.d to liquidate all Accounts which may then remain unlettled between the Company and him. Although you are thus inftructed to make an immediate Demand on the Vizier for the whole of the 40 Lacks, and (or fuch other Payments as may be due at that Time} yet, if you find that it is impofiible for him to comply with the Whole of thefe Demands, you are hereby directed to receive from him what he may offer in Ready Money, pro- vided it is not leli than 20 Lacks, and to fettle at Kiftbundee with him for the Remainder, payable at different Periods within Twelve Months, as the longed Term. In cafe he mail refufe to comply with the above Demands, you are then to enter a for. mal Proieft ag.nnft him for the Failure of his Engagements, containing a Declaration that the Company have fulfilled their's with him 5 and, within 14 Days from the Receipt of t.vfe Inftruttions, you are to retire with the Army under your Command, and withdraw it into the Company's Territories. But in cafe you fliould be able to fini/h thefe Negociations with the Vizier in theMan- Ijcr preicribed, you are then only to withdraw the Army within the Limiis of the Province or" Oode, and continue with them there, if he /hould require it, for the Defence of hit original Dominions, with the Provinces of Corah and lllahabad ; but, if he fhould not make fuch a Requifition, you are then to return with the Whole of the Force* under S^i Command to the Cantonments of Dinapore. APPENDIX, N 45, At any Rate, in quitting the Vizier, you are to acquaint him that the Governor Ge- nsral and Council propofe to appoint a Perfon to refide at his Court j and to declare, that they mean ftriclly to adhere to the Treaties of Illahabad and Benares* If you fhould apprehtnd any Difficulty or Danger to the Troops in their Retreat, in cafe of your Departure, on the Fifft Suppoiition of the Vizier's refufing to fulfil his En- gagements, in that Cafe you are to lufpend the Proteft and Declaration before enjoined, and take the beft Means in your Power for the Prefervation of the Army, advifing us im- mediately of your Situation. In all this Bufinels we recommend th'e greateft Temper and Moderation, and enjoin, that your Remonftrances be made, although with Firmnefs, yet with Refpect and Token* of Friendship ; fo as to convey to him the Idea that the Company, to infixing on their juA Rights, have no Intention to depart from their Alliance and Connection with him. Fort William, We are, &c. the 3 1 ft October 1774. Extrafi of Secret Confultaih*i, Fort William, jJ Novtmbtr 1774. The General now delivers in his Minute on the Subject of the Propositions, debated at the laft Meeting, agreeably to what he then promifed, as follows : The General's On the jth Propofit ; on. When I fubmitted this Propofition to the Minute on the Board, I did not expect an Oppofition would be made to it on the Part of Propofitions at the Governor General, and ftill lefs could I imagine he would have deemed laft Council, that Meafure a Violation of public Faith, which in effect is the Refult of his own Opinion. I was glad to have his Authority for a Meafure which fo perfectly coincides with my Wifhes ; and thar, however we may differ in Opi- nion with refpect to the Validity of the Engagement itfelf with the Vizier, yet it pleafed tne much to find that 1 had Aill fufikient Lights before me in the Correfpondence which we have been only permitted to fee, to form my Judgment on the Peformanceof the Sti. pulations of the Engagement on the Part of the Company, and confequently to determine the Right of withdrawing the Troops. Tfcj late President, in his Letter of the f6th July. has been fo very explicit on the doubtful Point of the Engagement, whether or not the Claim to the 40 Lacks was then due, and whether the Continuance of the Troop in the "Vizier's Service afterwards,was independent or not of the Right to the 40 Lacks j he fays, I cannot admit of the Construction the Vizier puts on the Agreement, namely, that " every Condition fpecified in the Letter muft be accompli/lied before the Payment be- 41 came due.'* He adds, " That the whole Country of the Rohillas, lying within the " Boundary which originally formed the Compafs of our Operations, is, according to my Conception, wholly and entirely his, the Vizier's." He thereupon orders Mr. Middle- ton to in.ift on the Right to the 40 Lacks in ready Money, and acquaints him, that the Continuance of the Brigade afterwards with the Vizier muft be considered as an Indul- gence. This is the late President's own Eipreffion, and as I cannot conceive that an Act of Indulgence of the late Adminiftration can be deemed a Right by the Enjoyment of it Since the i6th of July, I flatter myfelf that the Governor Ger.eral, upon reconfidering his Sentiments at that Period, will think hitr.fclf not juftified in the Imputation he has laid on the Members of the Board, who have concurred in the Propofition for withdrawing the Troops out of the Country of the Rohillas. However, it has been objected, that the Vizier may be offended at the Exercife of this Right. At prefect I mould think that not pelfible, if Mr, Middleton has done his Duty in communicating to him the late President's Sentiments, not mean to infift in a political View upon the Danger and Dishonour of fib mitt ing to fuch Conditions) are fo loofe and unguarded, that they will always furnifh him with a Pretence for deferring the Payment of the 40 Lacks to a future Day. In his Letter to the Prefident, which, we are told, has a Sanction equal to the moft folemn Treaty, and which in fact is the only authentic Document we have to appeal to, he declares, " That he is the Matter in thefe Affairs, and that the Troops (hall never quit his Service until he mail voluntarily difmifs them." If we recal the Brigade without his Confent, or if we confine its Operations within any Limits difagreeable to him, or inconfiftent with his Projects, he will of coorf appeal to his Letter, and tell us, that fioce we do not adhere to the Engagements prefcribed to us in one Part of the Letter, he is not bound to fulfil the Conditions ftipulated in the other. If we leave the Brigade with him, and fuflSer it to be employed as he thinks proper (which I nrefume could never be intended without any Limi- tation of Time cr Service), he may ftill exprefs an Apprehenfion-, that when he has paid the Money the Troops will be withdrawn, and therefore that he cannot fafely part with fo confiderable a Sum until he himfelf (hall have granted them their Difmiflion, By this Way of reasoning, which, in my Opinion, may well be fupported by the Terms of hii Letter, the Payment of the 40 Lacks is made to depend upon an Act, which depends upon his own Pleafure, and consequently may be deferred fire Die. By the late Preli- dcnt's Letter to him of the igth July laft, it appears, that this is the Conftructicn which, the Vizier himfelf then put upon the Agreement. In his Anfwer to Colonel Cham- pion's Firft Demand of the 40 Lacks, he fays, That when the Engiifli Troops have " concluded his Bufmefs, and he thinks proper tn difmifs them, he will, at the Time " ot difmifiing them, give them the Sum of 40 Lacks of Rupees, according to his Agr<- * ment." But even at this Moment, both Mr. Barwell aud the Governor General ev- dently confider the Succefs of the Demand- as united with the Continnance of the Troops in their prefent Situation, when they allege that the Recal of the Brigade may furni/H the Vizier with a Plea for refufin? to pay ths 40 Lacks; notwithftanding they acknow- ledge the Money to be de, independently of the Brigade quitting or continuing in hn Service ; but they have not yet aJerted, in writing at leaft, that it oug.it to be continued in his Service for ever. With refpect to the Company's being bound to guarantee this newly-eonquered Country to the Vizier, and to fupport him in the Poffeffijo of it, I d;ftr widely, though with 11 the Refpect and Deference which I owe Mr. Birwsll, from the formal Opinion de- livered by him, That the preferving to the Vizier the Pofleffion of the Domain lately r acquired by him, is as much an Obligation upon the prefent Government, a> the " fecuring to him any other Part of hia Dominions ; and that it is equally within the " Spirit of the defenfivc Treaty, as if it had been I"peci6cally named therein." I am happy to find, that la dangerous an Obligation it cot among ihe Burdens impofed upon the APPENDIX, N'45. Company by their Servants. It is not ftipu'ated, nor in any Manner intimated in tn Vizier's Letter. It' fuch a Guarantee hid been expected by him, he would not hayc failed.to have made his Claim to it clear and fecure, by a fpecific Article, or at leaft by a Reference to thofe formal Treaties, by which the Company is bound to aflift him in the Defence ot his other PolJefiions. It appears to me, that, in the late Expedition, we have aflifted him in a Rank not fo high as even that of Alliance. He bays us a Subfidy for the Hire of our Troops ; and if the projected Conqueft takes Place, he ptomiles us a Share in the Plunder. We do not enquire into, or think ourfelves concerned in the Juftice of the Canfe in which the Troops are to aft. They march at his Requifition, and are folely under his Command. When tl e Object of the Expedition is obtained, the Sum which he engages to pay in return for their Service, becomes due. Beyond the Completion of that Service, I do not find that the late Government have ventured to involve the Company, at leaft by any Engagements that hare yet come to our Know- ledge. AH our Advices agree in faying, thac the Cniefs of the Rohillas have capitulated with the Vizier, and that the RedutUon of the Rohilla Country is completed. I do not therefore fee the leaft Pretence for continuing the Brigade in its prcfent Station, unlefs it be to ailift him in making further Ccnquefts. On the Fifth Propofition, My Firrt general Argument for agreeing to the Fifth Propofition is, that it is ftriflly conformable to the Sentiments and Injunctions of the Court of Directors, deliberately and repeatedly, though very ineffectually, communicated to their Servants. They have ap- proved of the Engagement to aflift the Vizier in the Defence of the Poffeffions guarantied to him by the Treaty of Jllahabad, in cafe they mould be attacked ; and at prefent I have no Right to fuppofe that they will be averfe from extending that Engagement to the Pof- fefftons which he has lately acquired by the pacific Title ofaPurchafe. On the other Hand, they have molt exprefsly and uniformly, and on the foundeft Principles of Policy^ reprobated the Idea of engaging with him in Schemes of Conqueft, or of fuftering their Troops to he employed in diftant Expeditions. J am not furprized that this Confidera- tion fhould have lels Weight with the Governor General, who in his Letter to Shujah) Dowla, of the a6th of November 1773, confeffes, " That the OrHers of his Superiors " are peremptory, not to Airier their Arms to be cairied beyond the Line of their own " Boundaries, or thofe of his Excellency their Ally." But I miift confefs my Aftonifh- ment at the Declaration made by Mr. Harwell, ' That he fees no Reafon why the Troops " ffioaldbe debarred acting, ifnecelftry, in fccuring to the Vizier his late Acquifition." I prefume, it was not conlidered by Mr. Barwell (to whofe Opinion I pay a fincere and unaffected Deference) that the Vizier is to be the fole Judge of the Necefiity, and of the Mode, of employing the Troops in his Defence 5 and that if he fhould declare^ that his late Conqueft can no otherwife be fecured, than by their continuing to be ftationed upon the Skirts of the Mountains of Tibit, we muft yield to his Judgment, and aflift him in that Mode which he fiiall think moft aiivifeable, and moft for the Benefit of his own Af- fairs. This appears to me to be the Amount and Refult of all the Arguments urged againft our agreeing to the Fifth Article. In my Opinion, they lead inevitably to this Conclusion : If at this Time the Recal of our Troops is to be confidrred as a Breach of Faiih with the Vizier, I wait with Anxiety to be informed at ivbat Time, and in -what Circumftances the Recal of our Troops, without his Confent, will not be a Breach of Faith with him. He has told us, in plain Terms, that, " Without his Difmiflion, the " Englifh Army fhall never go." And we, it feems, by the Acceptance of his Letter, bave given it the Sanction of the moft lolemn Treaty. For my own Part, I do not icruple to declare, that if this extravagant Engagement had been ratified in all the Forms by which public Treaties are ulually authenticated, but none of which have been obferv- ed upon the prefent Occafion, I fhould reject it with Difdain. The Reafons I have ftat- ed, are alone very fufficient to indnce me to agree to the Fifth Article of General Claver- ing's Propofitions. 1 /hall add, howevr, as the moft urgent and inftant Motive of my- Alient, that as long as we fufTW One Third of the Company's Forces to be ftjtioned in the Rohilla Country, at the Uifpofal of the Vizier, whofe own Troops, by the Returns, amount to above a Hundred thoiifand Men, we leave that conliderable Portion of our Strength in a great Me*fu:e at his Mercy, and hazard the Safety of the State. 4th November 1774. (Signed) P. Francis. APPENDIX, N 45; As n6 Meafure follows a? the fir mediate Confequence of thefe Minutes, the Governor <*>! General defirts iha' they may be recorded j that he declines at preient rn . r offering any Reply to them, but that he means to tke fome other Oc to them ' eafion to make his Obfetvations on them, and to lay them before the ' Board. Fort I'Silliam, tbe lib cf November 1774. The late Advices from Colonel Champion and the Refident with the Vizier, as well al the Vizier himfelf, leaving it without a Doubt that the latter left his Camp on the 1510. Ultimo, on his Return to Fyzabad. it becomes neceiJary to determine in what Manner the Orders, lately transmitted to the Commander of the Arrjiy, mould be carried into Exe- cution 5 thofe Orders having been g>ven on the Suppofition that the Vizier would have continued in the Rohilla Country, and in the Neighbourhood cf the Commander of our Army. Agreed, therefore, that Colonel Champion, or the Commanding Officer, bt directed as follows: To Colonel Alexander Champion, or the Officer commanding the Second Brigade. Sir, F efh T ft Since our Letter of Inftruflions of the 3ift cf October, we haw re- t t C I ceived Advices ffom Colonel Chsmpion and Mr. Middlefon, which Cha* leave it without a Doubt that the Vizier left his Camp on the 1 5th Ultimo, on his Return to Fyzabad. As this makes a fmall Altera- tion necefTary in your former Irt In the Confideration of the Governor General's Minote of the 8th r. rancis Inftant, it gives me Pleafure to obferve, that in one Refpeft his Senti- GovernorGe mentS a " d mine are n0t f diftant ** l apprehended they might be. He ' ., p f. does net affirm, or even intimate, " That the preferving to the Vizier of the 8th Inft. " the Pofleirion of the R hi)la Country, is as much an Obligation upon " the prefent Government, as the fecuring to him any other Part of his " Dominions, and equally within the Spirit of the defenfive Treaty, as if it had been fpe- " cifially named therein." The Governor General urges his Prnpofal on particular Motives of Policy and tempo- rary Convenience, independent of any pofitive Obligation that might bind us to aft agair.ft our Interefts or Opinion. This is the only Ground on which I can confider theQueftion ; for after having had the Honour of laying my Sentiments, with refuedl to the whole Bufi- nefs of the Rohilla War, repeatedly and deliberately before the Board, I think it cannot be expelled of me, that I ftiould fo fuddenly renounce the general Principles on which thc4e Sentiments were founded. Meeting the Governor General therefore on his own Principles, I beg leave to fay, that I do not think his Arguments conclufive. OUT laft Advices inform us, that the Brigade was to leave the Extremities of the Rohilla Country on the 15th of OdVober, before which Time the Remains of the Rt'hilla Army would be fent acrofs the Ganges. TJiis Meafure, I prefume, was refolved on with the Confent of the Vizier. He himfelf muft therefore have confidered the Country as completely re- duced to his Obedience, and the new Government fecurc from any Attr.pt in that Qoarteit APPENDIX, N 45. Quarter. The Retreat of the Army to Ramgaut is a Meafure of his own. If the Dirtance of Sixty Miles be all the Difference between the Station recommended by the Governor General, and that to which a Majority of the Board have determined at all Events to bring back the Brigade, 1 cannot difcover any Motive, even of Convenience, for our hefitating to adopt a Mea'urc which conforms to the Sentiments of our Superiors, replaces the Company's Troops within the detenfive Line prefcribed to us by their drift and repeated Injunction?, and removes them bur Sixty Miles from that Station, to which the Vizier has himfelf approved of iheir returning. I do not underftand from what Premifcs it can be concluded that we mean to defert the Jnterefts of the Vizier, while our Army continues with him, and when the Commanding Officer is directed to remain in the Country of Owd, if theVizier fliould require it, for thje Defence of any Part of his ancient Dominions. The ablolute Return of the Brigade to Dinapore is not to take place, but upon his plain direct Refufal to fulfil his Engagements to the Company. Even with refpedt to the Security of the new Conqueft, whatever the fccret Determination of the Board on that Subject may be, the mere Retreat of the Bri- gade within the Frontiers of Owd cannot, in my Opinion, warrant a Conclufion, that the prefent Adminiftration is refolved to withdraw its Interpofition from all future Concerns with the Rohilla Country. The utmoft that the late Government undertook to execute for the Vizier, has been long fince completed. The Return of the Brigade to their former Situation, is no more than the natural Confequence of their having performed the Service on which they we?e employed. Neither can their Retreat, with any Degree of Juftice, be called precipitate. Our firft Inftructions to Colonel Champion were not difr patched until the 4'h Inftant ; in Twenty Days they would probably reach him ; Fifteen Days more are allowed for finifhing the particular Negociation, entrufted to him, with the Vizier ; and we have fince extended the Term prefcribtd, in order to make an Al- lowance for the Commanding Officer's Journey to Fyzabad, and for his Return to Ram* gaunt, which cannot upon the Whole make lefs than an Addition of Ten Days. The Service for which the Troops were engaged by Suja Dowla, was finally determined on the 15th of October, Cnce on that Day they retire from Loll Dang. From that to the earlieft Day on which it is poffible for the Army to begin its March, in obedience to our Orders, there is a Space of Sixty-two Days; during which he enjoys all the Countenance and Support that can be derived from the Appearance of our Arms, in fettling and eilabliih- ing the Government of his new Conqueft. In this Computation I {late the Time flrictly, and allow all poffible Advantages againft my own Argument. The Truth js, that the Vizier has been in peaceable Pofleffion of the whole Country fince Auguft laft, and of the greateit Part of it fince April, lie has confequcnily had all chat Time to re- gulate his Affairs. What I have had the Honour of fubmiiting to the Board, is meant as a Reply to the Governor General's Arguments, and not a? the Foundation of my declining to alTent to his Propofal. My Determination to vote for the Recal of the Brigade from the Rohilla Country, is founded on Motives which I have already itated to the Board, and hitherto I find no Reafon to alter it. On the contrary, as I really think it probable that we may be fliortly in a* War with the Marjttas, in behalf of Suja Dowla, as the Countiy of the f Rohillas is very remote from that of the Marattas, as it lies out of the Line of their Tncurfions, as their Attack will therefore probably be made upon thofe Parts of the Vizier's Dominions which lie neareft to us (and which we are obliged by Treaty to pro- tect), if not immediately upon our own Provinces, I think there ought not to be the Delay of a tingle Day beyond .the Term already allowed for our evacuating a Country which we are not bound by any Stipulation to defend, and which we cannot defend without neglecting Objects more impoitant to the Vizier him/elf, and in which our own Safety is immediately concerned. (Signed) P. Francis. Mr. Harwell's 7 Mr. Harwell agrees to the Governor's Propofal for altering the la- Opinion, i flrudions feat to the Commanding Officer. * Vide Colonel Champion's Letter of Z4thof July 1774; Letter from Sefea Committee to the Court of Directors, of aAth of Aueuft : and Colonel Champion'* lft Infirucliuns to Colonel Galliez. f Vide President's Mjntttc c/ a6th November, 1773, Y y a Colon* APPENDIX, N 45. Colonel Monfon, to whom the Governor's Minute of the 8th Inflant has been fent for his Opinion, fends in tne following: I am extremely fenfible of the Indulgence fhewn by the Honourable the Governor Ge- neral, in allowing my Opinion to have its Confequence in the Decifion Colonel Mon- of a Queftion before the Board, notwithftanding I am prevented by Sick- fon's Opinion. nef attending there. I have already given my Sentiments on the Sub- ject, and am the more ftrongly confirmed in them, as the lateft Advices from Colonel Champion mention, that he fliould fee the Rohillas pafs the River before he would march to Ramgaut ; the Vizier therefore will be in PolTeflion of the Country, and our Part of the Stipulation accomplished. The Brigade is to remain in the Province of Oude, at the Requifition of the the Vizier, for defenfive Meafures, The Rohilla Country, aConqusft made by the Vizier fince'tbe Teaties of Illahabad and Benares, cannot be confidered within thofe Treaties. If the Company are to defend that Country, it is a cogent Reafon againft aiding the Vizier in the Conqueft, of it. Colonel Champion is of Opinion, that it is necefiary to prepare for the Reception of the Marattas, by porting the Brigade centrically, and putting their Stores, &c. Letter, ijth in proper Order. The mod effectual Mode to prevent the Inroads of the Sept. 1774. Marattas is to have our Force within our Provinces ; I therefore would ad- vife, that the Brigade mould return to Dinapore, unleic demanded by the Vizier for the Protection of bis ancient Dominions. (Signed) George Monfcn. The General gives bis Sentiments upon ths fame Subject in the following Minute: The Refult of the Governor General's Minute now delivered in to the Board, being, that the Order which has been fent to Colonel Champion to withdraw The GeneraJ's the Brigade within a certain Time out of the Rohilla Country, in con- Opinion, fequence of the Refolution of the Council on the 4th and fth Propositions which I fubmitted to the Board on the a8th Ult. may he annulled; and that Colonel Champion, or the Cammander of the Army, be directed to remain at Ramgaut, where the laft Intelligence mentioned he was retiring, till the new Govern- ment in the Rohilla Country be quite eftablifhed. - The Arguments employed by the Governor General to recommend this Alteration in cur Refolutions are, Firrt,That the Rohillas might take op Arms again, and recover their Country, if|ourArmy left it j Secondly, That fo precipitate a Stepwould perfuade theVixier, that the Governor General and Council were not well-difpofed towards him ; Thirdly, That the Brigade not being now wanted within our own Provinces, it might on any Exi- gency be foon brought into the Country of Oude, as the Diftance from Ramgaut to the aeareft Part of the Vizier's Dominions is not more than 60 Miles. In Reply to thefe Arguments I will beg leave to rtate, that we are not any more obliged to defend the Rohilla Country for the Vizier than we were to conquer it for him : That I confider the verbal Promife, by virtue of which the late Prefident engaged to inarch the Brigade to attack the Rohillas, as no Treaty ; it had none of the Requifites of a Contract; there was neither Witnefs nor Signature to it. But I will go further, and declare, that if this Engagement had been provided with all the Formalities of a folemn Treaty, I would not have hefitated to have given my Vote to have broken it 5 becaufe, firft, It was an unjuft War; fecondly, It is exactly the Cafe which the Legiflature has pointed out to us for our Interference, when it inverted the Governor General and Council witha Power of controuling the other Prefidencies; thirdly, The Directors have repeatedly prohibited tke Governor and Council of this Prefidency frum undertaking any Schemes of foreign Conqueft, or departing from the abfolute Line of the Defence of the Pofleflions of the Company, together with thofe which they are engaged to defend by the Treaty of Illahabad ; fourthly, becaufe the lata Prefident and Council have pledged every Thing that can be dear to them as Men never to depart from the folemn Promi/ie they made, when tiiey figned their Names to the joth Paragraph of the Letter to the Court of Directors from the Select Committee, of the loth of November 1772, in the following Words : " In One Point you may reft affured of our unanimous Concurrence; that no Object or *' Confideration fliall either tempt or compel us to pafs the political Line which we have < laid down for our Operations with, the Vizier. We have told him, and repeated, that ' W e will *fii& turn with your Force in the Difcnce of his Donunjonj againft all in- 1 voders j APPENDIX, No 45. * vadere ; but that we will nnt engage in any offenfue War, nor fnffer your Army to ' be carried teyonJ the Borders of his Territory j and to this Refolution we will fteadily " adhere." I might add to thefe Four Conflict-rations, which it is to be hoped will have fome Weight wilh the Governor Genfrdl.confidermg the Authority with whichfomeof them at leaft are damped, that it is reafonabty to be apprehended, that if the Powers of Indoftan fhall perceive that the Governor General and Council, in Imitation of their Predecefibrs in Office, do continue to afford Protection to the Vizier in maintaining his unjuft Acqui- fition of the Rohilla Country, they will confederate with the Remains of thofe unrrappy People to extirpate the Vizier, and then atrack the Company's Poffefiions, perhaps at the different Pt efidencies at the fame Tiiie. In regard to the Interpretation which the Governor General fuggefts the Vizier w:!l put on fo abrupt a Departure of the Brigade from the Rohilla Country, before he has fully eftabliflied his own Authority in it, if the Governor General will be pleafed to refer to Dates, he will find, there muft be near Two Months from the Day when Fyzoolla Cawn capitulated, to theTime allowed to the Commander of the Army to withdraw the Brigade into the Country of Oude } which Time will be judged more than fufficient to eftablifli his Government in a ruined Country, deferted by its Inhabitants and Protectors, with- out other Purpofes are intended, the Drift of which have appeared by the Opinion de- livered by Mr. Harwell at this Board, namely, that we aie equally bound to defend hi Arquifition of the Rohilla Country againft all Irtvaders, as v.e are his ancient Domain. If inch Opinions have been tranfmitted to the Vizier, it is high Time he fhould be un- deceived, for his own Sake, and for our Reputation. This new Adminifiration will not exceed, I truft, the Powers which have been confided to them by the L'giflature and the Honourable Court of Directors, whofe Sanction as yet only autnorifes us to comply with the Stipulations of the Treaty of Illahabad. With regard to the laft Argument, that the Brigade is not now wanted within the Com- pany's PcfTeffions, and that the Diftance between Ramgaut and the neareft Part of the Country of Oude being fo ftmr, that in cafe of an Exigency it might eafily be tranfported into that Country j I will remark, that the new Adminiftration can only judge of the Neceffity of the Troops being nearer the Company's frontiers by the Correfpondence that has been laid before the Council ; by which Correfpondence, curtailed as it has been, it ftill appears, that both the Governor General and the Commander of the Army thought that the Marattas would return upon the Ganges in the Autumn. If their Conjecture* were juft, it certainly would be very proper to be prepared for the Danger, by approaching the Army nearer to the Frontiers of Bahar ; which Frontiers are at prtfent only protected by One Battalion of Sepoys and Fifty-two European Invalids at Chunagur, by Seven Com- panies of Brigade Sepoys at Dinapore, and One Company of the latter at Buxar j the reft of the Army being ftationed as low down as Berhampore, and confequently not able to protect the Frontiers of Bahar in cafe it fhould be fuddenly attacked by the Marattas, the King, or any other Power whom we may have provoked. Jt is for this Reafon, as well as my Defire to pay Obedience to the Commands of the Court of Directors, who have enjoined that their Arms fhould never be carried beyond the Line they have fo exactly delineated, that I hope the Orders fent to the Commander of the Army may not be revoked. Refolved not to repeal Refolved, by the Majority of the Board, That the Paragraph the Paragraph. in the Inftructions to the Commanding Officer of the Second Bri- gade, requiring him to withdraw the Army into the Province of Ondc, after Receipt of the Money or Security for it from the Vizier, remain in force. Extracts referred to in the Minute of Mr. Francis. Select Confultations, Fort William, iSth Auguft 1774. Extra?! 'of Letter from Colonel Champion to the SckEi Committee, dated the i\tb Jutj 1774. Laft Night I fent the Perfian Interpreter to his Excellency, with my Reafons in Writ- ing againft a Movement of the Troops at this Seafon, but he would not Kften to them ; and though I wen; in Pcrfon this Morning, I could not perfuade him to defift from the 5 According APPENDIX, N 45. AcffirJlng to his Accounts of the fenral Difpofition of other Power*, Appearances re alarming enough. He avows Expectation* of being attacked after the Rait s by the Mar.ittas on one Hand, and Tcmur Sha on the other. He is under eonfidcrable Appre- henfions from the King, whole Diftreffes feem to render him definite, and to have deter- mined him, as he thinks he is deferted by us and the Vizier, to try every pcflible Effort to extricate himfelf. Fyzoolla Khan having large Sums of Money, and no Alternative being left to hirnfeli or his Followers, they appear refolved to give ail the Trouble they tan ; and their Numbers are faid to be greatly increafed by Reinforcements or" Afghans from different Paris. Thefe are Matters which I think worthy of your Confideration ; in the mean Time I am to inform you, that as his Excellency is fo very defirous of my taking the Field, as he Las the fole Authority of prescribing the Service to be undertaken, and has quoted the Prefidei.t's Advice for ufing the utmoft Expedition, I am conflrained to break Gound with ail the Sepoys of the Brigade and the European Grenadiers. Extrafi of Letter frcm the Selefi Committee at Fart William to the Court of Direflors, dated 241 1> Augufl 1774. r _ , , , Our Jaft Addrefs, of which a Duplicate goes enclofed, was writ- b j ten in Cypher, and was difpatched to the President and Council Mr.Franc.s continued. a j M be forw , rdcd ver Land . You were therein informed, that the Brigade employed under the Command of Colonel Champion, in the Service againft the Rohillas, was preparing to canton at Bareily for the Rains. Soon after, on the Requifit ; on and urgent Solicitation of the Vizier, this De- tonation was changed, and the Brigade marched forwards to the City of Biflbuly, which is near the Centra of the Rohilla Country on that Side of the Ganges, and immediately entered into Qiiarte's, with the Intention of pafiing the whole Seafon of the Rains there, But on the News of an Accommodation among the Maratta Chiefs, and on the Appear- ance of fome hoftile A<3s on the Part of the King, fearing to be interrupted in the Courfe of his Operations if they were delayed, the Vizier has fince importuned the Commander in Chiff to take the Field again, and to march againft the Remainder of the Rohilla Forces, who were aflembleJ under the Command of Fyzoolla Cawn at Patter-Gur, in the Northernmoft Divifion of that Country; hoping, that by their Difperfion, which would at this Time be with lefs Difficulty eftl-cled, any Defigns which may ruve been rormed by the King, or the Marattas, to be executed after the Rains, will be anticipated, and ren- dered abortive. To this Requfft Colonel Champion, though with Reluctance, and hav- ing firft objecled to it on account of the Dangers to which the Troops (the Europeans efpecially) would be fubje&ej from Sicknefs, by being expofed to the Inclemency of the prefent Seafon, afTented. We own the Force of the Colonel's Objections, and think they outweigh the Arguments urped by the Vizier to prove .the Necerfity of prefent Service $ as we are perfumed that our Forces in that Quarter, joined to tho/e of the Vizier, and aided by our other Refoutces, are fuperior to any Oppofitron which we can forefee in any probable Event of Things ; but it may accelerate the Iliue of the War, and difcourage foreign Attempts ; and our Adviees from the Commander in Chief and from the Re - fident mention, that the Seafon was, and had been for fome Time uncommonly fa, vourable for fuch a Dcfign. Sclsft Confultations, Fort William, *6th November 1774. ExtraR cf the PreJiJent't Minute. 1 muft thsr?fore declare, that although the Honourable the Court of Direclors hive "Cen pleafed to rank the Pohillas among the Powers capdbe of oppofmg the Marattas, J cannot regard them in that Light. Theii Country is toj remote from that of the Ma- raitai, and too much out of the Line of the Iiscurfions of thefe People, for them either to be able to oppofe thefe with EfTeft, or to have much to apprehend from them. The Msrattas may occafienaliy attack them fjom the Allurements of 1'Iunder only, but rhey can nev-t fcr.n a fufficient Scheme of Conqueft over aCountry fo diftant, and fo dif- ficult tc hold. Ofl APPENDIX, N" 45. On the other Hand, the Sutndarof Oude muft always be an Object: of Jetloufy and Enmity to the Rohillas ; his Power w to be dreaded by them ; and the Situation of theif Country contiguous to his, and in a Manner enclofed within the fame natural Boundaries, muft make the PofTeflion of it always a defirable Object with him, both for Security and Advantage. Thefe are Sources of Enmity between them, which from the Nature of Things cannot fail of producing fuitable Effects ; and it is more probable that we fhoulJ foon fee the Maratta and Rohillas join in Hoftilities againlr. the Vizier, than that they ihould continue in War wuh one another. Secret Confutations, i4th November 1774. Extras of Calcnel Cbamfiiai'i IxJiruSiom to Colonel Gaillcx, dated z^tL Oftobcr 1774. Extracts referred The Inteftine DiOTentions among the Marattas being fettled, it is to to by Mr. Fran- be expelled they will direct their Attention to foreign Affairs, and in cis continued. particular that they will turn their Arms againfl the Vizier. Should they, or any other .Power invade, or attempt to invade any Part of his Dominions above mentioned, you will fupport his Excellency in repelling them with all your Force. But as it is rroft probable the firft Endeavour of the Marattas will be to re- conquer the Country which the Vizier lately took from them in ths Doab ; and as it is not the Intention of Adniiniftration to engage openly in maintaining the Vizier in thefs Countries, you will confine your Operations to the Limits above defcribed. It being however the Wilh of Government to affifthis Excellency in the Doab, with- out taking any open Meafures, or employing our Troops, it has been agreed by the Prefi- dent to permit Captain BroJcs to accept of the Command of a Parfizjn Corps of the Na- bob's Troops, if his Excellency Ihould think proper to employ him to act fap*rstely, on Plan of which Captain Brooke is directed to furnifh you wi'h a Copy ; you will therefore be pleafed to afford your Advice to the Viziei, how bell to oppofe and difconcert the Plaru of his Enemies, according to the Intelligence which you may receive of their In- tentions j and you will regard Mirza N'ijif Khan as a proper Inftrument for defeating any Plans that may be concerted by the King or Marattas, to the Difadvantage of the Com* [>any's Intereft, or the Diiluibance of pur Ally the Vizier. Firt William, tijl November 1774 Mr. Barwell begs leave to record the following Minute: The Reply made by Mr. Francis to the Governor General's, and mT Mr. Barwell** Objections to the Propofitions of the Commander in Chief, in its Style Minute. and SuLftance is of fuch a Nature, that I reserved to myfelf at the Time the Right of animadverting upnn it when I might be at Leifure, with, out delaying the public Bufmefs which was before the Board, and more immediately the Object of its Deliberations. The whole Proceedings in the Bufinefsof the peremptory Demand on the Vizier, and the pofitivc unconditional Rrcal of the Troops from his Affiance, I muft frankly con fefs, appear to me rather in the Light of a Reprobation of the Meafures of the late Adminiftration, than leading to any real Benefit to be derived to the Company ; and I think myftlf juftifieb in this Sentiment from the Language of the Minute before me, which tteats the Agreement with the Vizier for Aid in the Rohilla War as a ioofetpnguarckfl Contract, which that Adminillration " unfoiiant'tly fuffered tbe Vizier to prejcribe to " them," and then lubmitted to with, all the Danger and Bijkontur which attendtd ir. ' A Contract fo ex'.ravagant, that had .it even been ratified in all ihe Forms of a public " Treaty," and confequ.-ntly public Faith folemnly pleo^ed for its Performance, Mr. Frauds would have rc^fifJ it iviib Dtjdain. I can hardly conceive Words capable of conveying a more filing, and pofiibly tbe Court of Directors may judge more unjuft Cfenfure of the late Adminiflntion, than thefa j or a more free Declaration of the fnull Obligation which Mr. Francis thinks he lies undsr, to tieat their Engagements either with perfonal Re*peft or public good Faith. In this Place I may likewife notice his Obfervation on the Governor General, " of " not being furjirled at the Comp.iny's Orders having Ufifftigbt with him," becaufe ie appears from his Letter to the Vjzier he VMS fully apprized of them. But why Order* feould have lefs Weight bccaufe they are fully known, with Deference to Mr. Francis, I cannot APPENDIX, N 4$. cannot underhand ; and I hope h will therefore pardon me for oiling upon him for an Explanation of his Meaning, for, in my humble Apprehenfion, every Order receives its Weight and Coniideration from the Knowledge it intimately communicates, and is not difiegarded in Proportion as it becomes known. 1 have therefore only to remark, that all Conclufions as to the Governor General's undifguifed Opir.itms of Things, drawn from his Correspondence with the Vizier, are partial, and may be often mirtaken. He muft be a fhallow Politician indeed, who, in negociating with a foreign Power, does not know how to conceal hi> real Sentiments at Times, and often to urge Motives, which, though different from the true Ones, are better calculated in their Operation to produce the Effccls that may be propofed. The Governor General's Sentiments of the Vizier, and our Connexions with him, ought only to be taken from his unreleivcd confidential Communications with the Board. Mr. Francis is pleafed to fay, that whatever he may think of the Governor General's Opinion, he is aftonifhed that I fliculd declare for acting, if neceffary, in Defence of the Vizier's late Acquifitions, which he thinks is contradictory to found Policy, and to the Company's Orders. I have already given Rrafons for my Opinion, and I do not flitter myfelf with being able to add any Thing of greater Force to effect an Alteration in hi? ; however, I will endeavour to remove his Surprize at my Sentiments, by /hewing they are grounded on Principles nmilar to his own, and that I think the Meafure I fupport perfectly confonant to found Policy, and the Spirit of the Company's Inftrudtions. It often happens with States, that their Situations are fuch, that by extending their Frontier, they bring their Line of Defence to more prefcrihed, of courfe to more defined; narrow, and compact Limits ; And it is an uncontroverted Maxim in Politics, that na-' tural Boundaries are always the moft fecure. The Territories of the Vizier, before his late AcquiGtion, undoubtedly flood in this Predicament. Towards that Part of the Rohilla Country he had no Barrier of any Kind ; he was not only expofed to the Incur- Cons of thofe People, but alfo to thofe of the Marattas, who either by Force or Agree- ment were fuie to obtain from the Rohillas a Paflage through their Country to attack him ; and we confequently were fubjedl from the fame Caufe to be annually called out in his Defence. This is not mere Speculation ; for two fuccsflive Years, previous to the Treaty of Benares, w?re we in the Field to protect him from that Quarter, and that upon the old Stipulation of 1,15,000 Rupees per Month for our whole Expences. The Vizier endeavoured to form an Alliance with tbefe People, to obviate, if poffible, the Danger from their hoftile Enterprizes ; they entered into a Treaty with him, brok: ic afterwards, and called in his Enemies to protect them. In this Situation, who can deny that it was the founded Policy in the Vizier to attempt their Reduction ? How far it was fimilar Policy in us to aflift him, is another Qjjeftion ; but it appears to me, that if the Tranqtiillity and Security of the Vizier's Dominions be the ObjefV. of our Alli- ance with him, we cannot more effectually fecure that Object, than by aiding to remove a conftant Caufe of Uneafinefs and Difturbance to him, and procure for him natural Barriers to his Dominions on the Quarter where they were mort expofeJ. That the Country in queftion affords this Barrier, is certain. It fhelters him abfolutely to the North by the Thibet Mountain, and the South and Weft by the Ganges, a River hazar- dous at all Times for an Enemy to crofs. That it was on tbefe Ideas the Rohilla Expe- dition was undertaken, appears manifeftly from the Recoids of the Council and Select Committee, where that Country is always mentioned ftanding in the Predicaments here denned ; and in effect, its Defence againft the Marattas was taken up on thefe very Grounds Two Years pair, without any particular Stipulation for the Service, or Contract for Forty Lacks on its Succefs. I trull I have fufficiently explained to the Board, and particularly to Mr. Francis, who is furprifed at my declaring for the Defence of the Rohilla Country, the Motives upon which 1 ground my Opinion : I think I have clearly fhewn it was found Policy in the late Board to undertake the Expedition ; that the Defence and Security of the Vizier's Dominions rendered it eligible ; that it had received mature Confideration before it came recommended from the Chair; and that if what I have already pointed out are the Ob- jects of our Alliance with the Vizier, often approved of by the Company, the late Ad- minifhation could not have acted more conformably to their Interefts and Intentions. Much Notice haa Been taken in the Courfe of our Debates on thefe Subjects, of the Expreflion in the Vizier's Letter, of his Right to retain and difmifs the Brigade : " I ft am the Mafter in thefe Points, and without my Leave never, never, fliall it depart." And it has been held forth as dictating in the moft imperious Manner his Commands to the Concil ; But thefe Afiatic Expreflionj will no: alter the Nature of the Tranfaction with thofe APPENDIX, N 45- tlioTe who know the Faft, that the Terms \ttre dilated by the Boatd, and meant t<3 convey to his Mind, that if he acquiefced to the Propositions made, the Aid to be granted fliould be effectual ; and yet fuch wt re the Advantages afkcd for the Company, that even with this AfTurance of folid and effectual Support, the Board did not flatter themfelvei he would have confented; but doubted, fo hard were the Conditions, his Acceptance of the Terms proffered. Fmther, I conceive the Expreffion alluded to as referring only to the Condition of ictainiog, at all Times, a Brigade of our Troops for the Defence of hi* Dominions, when he Hull require it, and continue to pay the Subfidy ftipulated by the Treaty of Benares ; the very Nature of all fuch Connpacts are, that the Party requiring and paying for fuch defenGve Aid, fhall be the fole Judge of the NecelTity of demanding it, and fhall retain it while he thinks the Neceflicy lalls, without, however, precluding the other Party from recalling it to its own Defence, or on other Exigencies. The Con- tract is mutual, and the Conditions fo intimately tied together, that ihey necefiarily and confequently ftand or fall to the Ground at the fame Time. While you retain, you pay ; when you recal, the Pay ceafes. On fuch Term?, I confefs, I wifh the Vizier nny always retain a Brigade of our Troops ; it would cafe the Company of the heavy Burthen of One-third of their whole Army, and t the fame Time, preferve it equally ready for their Service, whenever the Urgency of their own Affairs fliould oblige them to recal it. On the Whole, I have objected to the late Mea/ures, not only on the general Grounds, but as to the Mode of proceeding. At the Time the General hid his Proportion before the Boatd, we had Accounts of a Propofal depending, for finishing the War entirely; we were informed, that the Negociations with the Vizier for the Payment of the Sums due from him were in good Train ; and we were in hourly Expecta:ions of hearing fomething more definitive on thefe Heads : Yet, in this Situation, without taking Time to enquire fully into the Origin and Nature cf our Engagements with the Vizier, without even reading the Correfpondence with Mr. Middleton, which h.>d been called for, and were then laying on the Table unopened, we enter into Rtfolutions, which either preci- pitate or counteract all the forrrer Meafures ; we call away the Refident from the Vizier's Court, a Meafurc always bearing an hoflile Afpect ; and we order Colonel Champion, or whoever ftiould by Chance have the chief Command, without Regard either to his Talents orchis Temper, to demand, with the Brigade at his Back, immediate Payment of the Vizier, or to withdraw fiom him, leaving him with his new Conquefts and old Domi- nions to defend themfelves. The natural Tendency of thefe Steps is a public Difap- probation of part Meafures, and a Publication to the World of the Cenfure they fix on the late Adminifiration, may give Rife to Jealoufy in the Mind of the Vizier, and create Fears of hoftile Intentions towards him, and confequently, induce him to at- tempt evading or protracl'ng the fulfilling his Engagements, until he (hzll te convinced how we mean to aft with regard to ours ; to endanger the Lofs of the new Conousfr, and to encourage tbe Invafion of his ancient Territories, from the Notion that we had withdrawn our Protection from him ; and confequently, to involve us in new Difficulties, whether we abide by our Treaties to defend him, or remain Speftators while he may be cruflied. Happily, I think, Part of the Mifchiefs will be prevented, by the Redaction of the Country being entirely completed, and the Paymen's in a great Meafure made, before thefe Orders could arrive ; but flill I apprehend enough of bad Effects, and once more declare my total Difcjit to the Opinions of the Majority of the Board. (Signed) P.ichard Harwell. Frt~fPiIIi*m t tbe a i/2 Kwtmber 1774. Mf . Francis, alfo b:gs leave to enter the following Explanation in Reply to Mr. Barwe!!. i, - . , Mr. Francis, in order to remove evrry poflib'e Doubt from Mr. Barweil's mr. incis s Minc|j c oncern ; n g t ji e F arce an j Intention of his Obf-rvat-ons on the political Meafures of the late Adminiftration, defires Leave to obierve, that he did undoubtedly mean to aflert s fir ifore APPENDIX, N 45. before the Board fuch Parts of Mr. Mid^leton's and Colonel Champion's CorrefponoV ence, as related to the Con. 10. In cafe the Vizier fliould refufe to comply with the above Demands, the Command, ing Officer was directed to enter a PfO'.eft againft him, 'arid, Vi'hin 14 Days from the Receipt of thefe Inftruclions, to retire with the Army under his Commaud, and with, draw into the Company's Territoiies. H. But if the Vizier fliould comply, as ftr.aj his Circumilances would admit, con- formable to the Terms propoleJ, in that Cafa the Colonel was only to v,;th''; Army within the Province of Oud, and to continne it tiiere . ancient Dominions, fliould he require it ; if othcrwife, he was to ittire into the Com- pany's Territories, as in the other Cafe. i. Thefe Orders were givjn with fuitable Directions of Caution and refpe&ful Moderation, as td the Manr.er in which 'he waj to evn.rr.u.,ia e thorn to the Vizier, and as to his own Retreat, fhouid he apprehend that any Danger or Difficulty might attend it. 13. Before thffe Inftru&ions <.vcrc refolved uuon, Advice* shrived of an En.J l-eirijj put to the War by a definitive Fr.-aty Lctween the Vizier and ?yzuU\ Cmvn, who s lay down his Arms, and furrender to the former One Half of ihe TrrM'ure " bich he- hjd with him in his Camp ; and o<\ Condi'ioa of the Viz;er putting him in PolTefTion of a fmall DiftricT, the Ca: itr:l of vyiuch is known by th.; Name cr" Rampcre, he r r> hold it dependent on him, and >o renounce al! Preterifi.^ns to nny oiher Part of the Country. We were further foon af'er a n.'ed, th.v en the Ratificjtion of this Treaty, tht Vizier propofed to sflign o-tr 15 L- ks o^ Rupees, which he was to receive from Fjzulla Cawn in lieu of One Half of h;s ireafu- -, "rm^ the Hnnds of Colcnl Cham- pion, in Pi-t Pa', nient of what he owed to the Company, ?.nd to f-t out imme- Fyr -b.-.d t.> take Meafures for dtich urging he re> ; md we learnt at the fame Time, that Colonel Champion determined to march back with ihe Brigade toRamgaut, nearer to the Z z a, Froiuitr? APPENDIX, ft 45. Frontiers of Oud, and there to quit the Army, and to leave it under the Command of Colonel Galliez, the next fenior Officer. We alfo received Letters from Mr. Grady, whom Mr. Middleton had f?nt to Fysabad to receive the Money on account of the Ceffion of Corah and Illahabad, which the Vizier had ordered to be paid there before he left the Army, advifing, that he had actually received 10 Lacks of Rupees, and was arrived witn it at Fatna, where he flopped to receive 5 Lacks more, which was to he paid him on the fame Account by the Raja of Benares. 14. On Receipt of thefe Advices, finding the Vizier was in all Probability at Fyzabad, we thought fit to alter our former Inftruftions fo far, as to direct Colonel Champion, or the Commanding Officer, to leave the Army, and repair to that Capital, to wait en the Vizier in the Execution of his former Inftrufiions ; but to reckon the 14 Days pre- fcribed for the Retreat of the Army, from the Day of his Meeting with the Vizier. 15. At this Time the Governor General propofed alfo, for the Consideration of the Board, whether, feeing that the Vizier had actually put himfelf in the Way of difcharg- ing his Engagements to the Company, and that the Army had come fo much nearer to his Frontiers, it might not be proper to fufpend the former peremptory Orders refpe&ing the Demands upon him, and the withdrawing of- the Troops ; but it appearing to the Majority, that there were no Circumftances in thefe Events that rendered the former Orders improper, the Governor's Propofal was not aflented to. 1 6. Since that Time we have received no further Advices of any Confequence from thefe Parts. if. Some Time ago, at the Requifition of the Vizier, the Governor permitted Captain Brooke to accept the Command of a Partizan Corps in his Service, which he propofed to Taife and employ as Occafion fhoald require. 18. Although this did not coincide exactly with the Ideas of the Majority, refpeting tbe Part which we ought to take in the Vizier's Military Enterprizes, yet the Boart*, out of Refpeft to the Governor Genera], whofe Word was pledged to the Vizier for the Permiflion to Captain Brooke, thought fit to confirm it ; and the former Inftruftion* given to Captain Brooke, which are in the Confultations here referred to, appearing to s clear and proper, we alfo gave our Approbation to them. 19. Thus having informed you of the material Tranfaftions at our Board, in relation to the Rohilla Expedition, which alone has hitherto divided our Councils, we once more fceg leave to refer you to the Proceedings and Minutes for the ReafoniBgs at length, by which the different Opinions were fupported j fubmitting the Whole to your impartial Judgment and Decifion. Pofffcript, dated 6th December 1774. The Governor General has this Day delivered in a feparate Addrefs to you, which gees Number in the Packet, as does one jointly addrefled from General Clavering, Mr. Monfon, and Mr. Francis ; a Minute of Mr. Barwell's upon the SubjecT: alfo makes a Number in the Packet. Thefe will all be recorded on the Confultations after the Clofe f this Packet. Letter from General Clavering, Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis. Fort William, ^oth November 1774. Ceneral Clavering, Mr. Monfon, and Mr. Francis, lay before the Council the fol- lowing Addrefs to the Court of Directors, which they had drawn up in the Shape of a Letter, and which they defue may be upon Record as a Minute from them. It touches them with the higher* Concern to fee that Things are reduced to fo unfor- tunate a Situation, that a Juftiflcation of their Conduct muft of Neceflity carry with it, and can only be fupported fay a ftrong and deliberate Cenfure of the preceding Admmi- ftwtion. They would not have facrificed, as they have done, their own Happinefs and Peace of Mind tp fo painful and laboiious a Difcufijon, if they had not been thoroughly convinced, tha' the QuelHons agitated in the following Addrefs to the Court of Directors, affeft the very Vitals of this State, and that, ioon:r or later, they muft be the Subjeft of a fever; parliamentary Icquifition, The APPENDIX, N 45 . The Whole of thefe Papers, as they apprehend, muft, in obedience to the A3 of Par- liament, be tranfmitted by the Court of Directors to One of his Majefty's Principal Se- cretaries of State. J. CJavering, Gro. Monfon* P. Fr-ncis. To the Honourable the Court of Directors for the Affairs of the Honourable United Eaft India Company. Gentlemen, Fort William, joth November 1774. t. It will be the Duty of the late Prefident and Council to transmit to you a complete State of your Affairs, in every Branch or their Aiiminiftration, up to the Period at which they refigned the Government From that Time you will be regularly informed, by the official Letters of the Governor General and Council, of every material Occurrence and Tranfaction which may have taken place fince our Arrival. 2. We are now to lay before you the Reafons which we think oblige us to addrei* you in a feparate Letter 5 and we rmke it our earned Requeft, that you will not only receive thofe Re.:fons with Candour and Indulgent?, but that you will confider the Subflance of this Letter with your moft feiious Attention. The Queftjons which will necevTarily arife out of it, and which muft become the Subject of your immediate Deliberations, are, im our Judgment, fo important, that rot only the Prefervation of your territorial Acqutruioni in thi Country, but perhapi the Fate of the Bridfh Empire in India may depend upoa the Decifion of them. 3. The (Tiort Time which has elap'ed fince our Arrival here, has been fo tofaHy en- gro(Td by the Firft Forms and Multiplicity of inftant Bufinefs, that it has not been pof- fible for us to poflefs ourfelves of any other particular Knowledge 01 the internal J.tate of thrfe Provinces, than that which your Governor General rus bren pleafed to communi- cate to u. We do not therefore pretend to give you any Information from ourfelves on this Head, or to anfwer perfonally for that which you will receive, either from the pre- fent or the late Administration. Before we have Time to compare Reprefentations with Facts, we cannot pretend to enter minutely into any Queftion concerning the Accuracy of the Information tranfmitted to you by the late Prefidenr, and Council, or laid before us by the Governor General. At the fame Time, in withholding our Aflent in many Cafes, it has not been our Meaning to difpute or diftruft the State of Facts as they have be reprefented to us; on the contrary, though we thought it prudent to fufpend our final Judgment until we fliould be poffellVd of Lights fufBcierit to authorize us to fpeak witk fome Degree of Certainty, we were inclined to receive thofe which were given us with a Preemption in Favour of their Truth and Exactnefs. 4. You will ooferve, that what we have faid relates to the internal State of the Country and to the Meafures purfued by the late Prefident and Council in the Management of yonr Revenues, the Pcoduce of the Collections, the Conduct of yiMir Traie, ar.d the Govern- ment of the People. In thefe Articles we would gladly encourage a Hope, though we d# net venture to fuggeft it to you, that your Expectations may not be disappointed. Our prefent Addrefs will be confined to the Confirteration of the new Syftem of external Po- Hey, in which we found the late Adminiftraucn had engaged the Con uany. -nd of whir* neither you nor we had any Knowledge or Sufpicion when we left EngUrr!. Or. this Subject: we fhall deliver our Thoughts to you with that Clrsrnefs and Precifion wbick arifcs from Knowledge in Point of Facts, and from abfoluce Conviftion in Poidt of Opinion. 5. Let us begin with affuring you, that we came into this Country imprefTed with the higheft Idea of the Character of our Colleagues, and of the Wifdom and Ability with, which your Affairs had been conducted uniier Mr. Haftings. We came d-rermined, ag far as that Idea could found a Determination of future Convict, to unite heartily with him in the Support of his Adminiftration. The Truft rep^-o in os by th? Legislature, our Duty to you, and the Confederation of our own perfonil Eale and Happineft, did all equally concur in leading us to cultivate the Friend/hip and Confidence cfoor Colleague*, and to promote, as much as poflible, a general Harmony in cur Councils. Yet you will fee, upon the Face of our Firft Confutations, that the Majority of rhs Boa-.d have already refolved on fome Meafures of the greateft Importance, in oirect Contradiction to ths Opi- nion of your Governor General ; and that this Difference of Opinion has been attended with Difpute and Altctcation between us, 6. It APPENDIX, N 45. 6. It is in order to avoid a Continuance of Altercations, highly painful to cnrfelvf;, tnd by which the Moderatioa and Gravity of our Debates is liable to be interrupted, our Minds heated, and the Progrefs of public Bufinefs retarded, that we have thought it ex- pedient to addrefa you in this feparate Letter. You cannot but be fenfib : e of the ImpolTi- bility of forming a general Letter for the Signature of a Council divided into Two Opi- nions, diametrically oppofue to each other, upon the Subjeft and Materials of it. From the Knowledge we have of the Sentiments of the Governor General, we are convinced that every Paragraph would be the Suoje& of a Debate, in which One Part of your Council would affirm, and the other would deny; and thit fuch Debates could not fail of being attended with Diftrefs to every Member of the Council, and with the greateft In- convenience to your Affairs. At the fame Time we under/land, and are determined to adhere to the eflabliflied Forms of communicating the Proceedings of the Council to pur Superiors. We hope, indeed, that fo extraordinary an Occafion of departing from them, as we fear we do in the Form of this Addrefs, will not prefent itfelf hereafter. 7. The Situation of the Company's political Affairs, with the aQaal State of the Pro- vinces in Point of Defence againft Invafion or Infalt, muft at all Events have formed One of the Firft and Principal Objects of our Enquiries. We Ikould have been happy in finding thefe important Objects fo honourably and fecurely provided for, as to have per- mitted us to turn our Thoughts immediately to the internal Circumftances and Condition of this Government. We flattered ourfelves that we mould find Peace in India ; or at lead that, if hoftile Meafures had been adopted by your Servants againft any of the Powers of this Country, they would appear to be founded on the Neceflity of defending yogr own PoiTeffions, or thofe of your Allies, and on the general Principles of Policy and f.iftice. 8. Long before this Letter can reach England, you will have been informel of the Engagements entered into by the late Adminiftration with Sujah Dowla, and the Afliftance given him to invade and fubdue the Rohillas. The Firft Accounts we heard of theie Tranfaftions filled us with Anxiety and Surprize. We thought it our Duty to enquire minutely into them, not only for your Infbrmati >n, but for our own Direction ; and we Aail now lay before you the Refult of our Enquiries. We propofe that this Letter, with the Papers annexed to it, (hall contain a complete ReprefenUtion of the State of the En- gagements with the Vizier, as far as they appear," and of the ConJuc't of the late Prefi- deni and Council on this Occafion, as far as it hath fallen within our Knowledge. We lament the Neceflity to which we are reduced, of looking back w;th Difapprobation to any former Meafures ; and heartily wifh it were pofTible for us to vindicate our own Con- duel, without condemning that of the preceding Adminiftra'.ion. 9. You will obferve, by the Governor General's Minute of the 4th Oftober 1773, that the Enterprize againft the Rohillas furni/hed the Firft Occafjon of his Interview with the Vizier ; yet, *n the Treaty concluded between them at Benares on the 8th of Sep- tember 1773, no Mention or Intimation whatfoever is made of this intended Expidition. The Trea-.y is confined to the Sale of Korah and llliabad, and to the pecuniary Terms on which the Company mould yield him the Afliftance of their Arms, conformably to ths defenfiveSifttm eftablifhed by the Treaty of 1765, and now extended to the Territories which he had acquired hy Purchafe. The Conqueft, and, as it has fince appeared, the Ruin and Extirpation of a brave and independent, though, from the Nature or their ConrHtution, a weak and divided Nation, who, fo far from having ever been conhdersd as the natural Enemies of the Company or of the Vizier, were included but the Year before in the Line of Defence againft the Marattas, was refuU-ed upon in a priwte Con- verfation between your Prefident and Sujah Dowla, from which the Commander '9-Chief was exprrfsly excluded, and to which no othrr Member of your Adminiftration was privy, though Mr. L^wrell, Mr. Vanf.ttart, and Mr. Secretary Stewart, were upon the Spot. When you are thoroughly informed of all the Circumirances and Confcquences of this Tranfaclion, you may perhaps agree with us in thinking, that it was not of a Nature to be fupported by any oftenfibie Motives, or to bear the Appearance of a formal Treaty. ^ 10. When Mr. Haftings returned to the Prefidency, he made a Report to the Board of his Negotiations with the Vizier. As this Paper is very long, and as it has already been tranfmitted to you in the . onfultations of the 4th of October 1773, we fhall only beg to enclofe a Copy of One Paragraph, there being no other Part of the Report that has Rela- tion to the prefent Subject j we mea: , however, to annex complete Copies of every other Document to which we refer. The Whole of the Papers entered on your Records, will be highly worthy of your Perufal. Thofe which we have fcleded for the immediate II- luftration of this Letter are entire. On Matters of fuch Delicacy aad Moment, we will not truft ourfelves with the partial Power of extradlujg, H. Mr, APPENDIX, N 45. xi. 1:':. Hiftirgo's Report above-mentioned, is dated the 4th of October 17731 Ke therein llatcs to the Council, that the Vizier was at firft very defitons of the At- iiiiancs of an Englifh Force, to put him in Pofiefiion of the Rohilla Country, but that he sfterw.irih laid afide the Defign ; and that the Meafures to be purfued for bit Security on th.it Quarter, muft be determined by fuiuie Occurences. The Prefident thereupon ob- ferves, " That he was p'eafcd that the Viaier had urged the Scheme of this Expedition " no farther, as it would have led our Troops to a Diftance from our own Borders, " which he wo<>ld wiih ever to avoid, though there were powerful Arguments to re- commend it." 11. When you refer to the ihort Paragraph from which thefe Paffages are taken, you will be led to conclude, that the Prefident had communicated to the Council the Whole of what had parted between himfelf and the Vizier on the Subject of the Rohilla Expe- dition ; that the Project of the Expedition was laid afide; that he had entered into no po- fnive Engagements on this Subject, and that the Queftion, whether the Vizier /hould, cr /hould not, be aflifted in attacking the Ruhillas, whenever it fliould recur, would be open and entire for the Decifion of the Board. You will foon find, however, that much mere had palled on this Subject thaa Mr. Haftings at fiift thought fit to impart to his Council; and thjt his Communications to them were very gradual and reserved. The Seciet of tee important Bufinefs tranfacted between the Vizier and Mr. Haflings, appears to us to have been equally withheld from the Court of Directors. In the Letter of the lath October 1773, in which the Treaty of Benares is communicated to you, there it not ons Word, nor the moft diftant Intimation, expreflive of the private Engagement* contracted at the fame Inftant by Mr. Haftings, for invading the Rohillas. You could not poflibly underfland from that Letter, or from any of the Papers annexed to it, " That ' the Expedition againft the Rohillas remained only fufpended j or that he had given the f Vizier every Reafon to expect, that whenever it could again be with Prudence re- " fumed, and he defired it, it fliould be undertaken}" yet a Packet was difpatched to England on purpofe to inform you of the Refult of the President's Negotiations at Benares. Subfrquent Eve/us, however, foon obliged Mr. Haftirjgs to give farther Explanations of his Conduct. 12. The Vizier, who was fuppofed to have laid afide all Thoughts of the Expedition, again:! the Rohillas, appears to have refumed them fuddenly. About the Middle of No- vember, he fent up his Requisition for Affiftance in that Project. The Prefident laid it, vithan explanatory Minute of his own, before the Select Committee, by whom the Eufinefs was referred to the Council at large. Their Refolution to comply with that Part of the Vizier's Requifuion which related to the Invafion of the Rohillas, is annexed to the inclofed Copy of the Prefident 1 s Minute of the a6th of November 1773. ^ e therein Hates, for the firft Time, the verbal Engagements which he had entered into with the V.zier, the embarrafling Situation to which he was perfonally reduced, and how much he was hampered by them. He then recommends an Expedient, which he thinks calculated to remove all Difficulties. That we may not interrupt the Narrative Part of this Letter j we fhall ref'eive another Place for our Observations upon the Arguments and Opinions advanced by the Prcfident. The Expedient propo'ed was, to confent to the Ex- pedition on fuch beneficial Terms to the Company, as might be likely to make the Vizier relinquish the Defiga, rather than agree to them. This Idea was adopted by the Council, who proteffed themfelvei ienlible of the Embarraflinent which the Preddent lay under, from what had paffed on the Subject between him and the Vizier at Benares. They ac- cordingly agreed to the propofrd Letter, (enclofsd NO 3,) the Conditions of which, as they obferved, " if accepved, would undoobiedly f^cure the greateft poffible Advantages trom " fuch an Enterprize; but they appear to them more calculated to drive the Vizier into a " Refufal, which is wh;.t they truft in, as it is moft probable and almoft infallible Confe- " quence, and which they wifh for, as the proper Refult of this Projofuion, in thi pre- " fent Circuitiftinccs of Affairs." 13. This, Gentlemen, is all the Approbation which the PreCdent's Conduit receives fiom his own Council, and all thr Sa:,clV. which they give to his Engagement*. They ten:ur btarnty in wijh'"r>g ta avoid the Exf>eJ:t':cn propped, and declare it to be their Wiih an-i Expectation, that the.Vizier may be driven ti> a Rer-j'.ilcf ihs Conditions, xt.t-w:ti>- Jlanding tb*jC dnrlitjo^s would fceure the grcaref! prfi&le Advantages to tie Company. Such an Allen:, to a Meagre of fuch critical Importance, efpecialiy from a Council which had not lately been accuftomed 10 differ from their Prefident, if, incur Opinion, equivalent " to th: moft foleir.a Ccn^-nQitlon, 14. At APPENDIX, N4$. 14. At the farre Time that the Letter, as agreed on, was fent to Sujah Dowla, to be jhnfcribed and figned by him, a prdvifional Order for the March of the Brigade at Dina- pore was difpatched to the Chief at Patna. to remain in his Handr, in cafe the Vizier fliould accept the Terms, and require the Brigade to join him. When you confider the Reluctance with which the Meafure is adopted, you will rather expect that the Execution of it fiiould be retarded by farther Confutations, than that it fliould be forwarded by thi extraordinary Precaution. 15. At this Stage of the Tranfaction, the Firft Advices, dated I7th of January 1774, from the Secret Department, inform you, that " It was with Pleafire they found the " Plan they had adopted, anfwerfo completely to their Intentions, The Vizier, on Re- " ceipt of the Prefident's Letter, written agreeably to the Refolution of the Board, re- * f turned an immediate A nfwer, declining their Afliftance in his diflant Expeditions da ** the Conditions they required; but at the fame Time defiring the Brigade might be held in Readinefs to march, whenever he fliould find it neceflary to call on them for " the Defence of bis own Dominions." They add, that " This Affair being happily ter- c minated in the Manner they wiflied, they fhall now remain Spectators only of the Ope- rations of the different Powers in thofe diftant Parts; preferving, however, a watchful Eye over the Courfe of Events, that they may be prepared to interpofe, whenever *' the Interefts of the Honourable Company are likely to be affected by them." That, * With this View, they (hall, in Compliance with the Vizier's Requeft, hold One Bri- " pade in Readinefs to march to his AfTiftance within bis own Territories, including the rt Provinces of Corah and Allahabad ;" And they " acknowledge they (hall not be forry *' to find that he cails for them on this Footing, as they fliall then be eafed of fo confider- ' able a Part of the Military Expence, and have the Difcipline of the Troops preferved ' in an actual Service, at fo little Diftante from our own Territories." 16. The Hopes which you probably formed, upon the Receipt of the preceding Letter, rouft have been foon difappcinted by that which followed it fro-n the Select Committee, dated the lyrh of March. About the latter End of January, the Vizier, who appears to us hitherto not fo much to have varied, as to have artfully concealed his real Intentions about the Rohilla War, fent his Letter to the Prefidenr, containing the Terms on which he accepted our Afliftunce, to the Chief at Patna, with a Requifition for the March of the Second Brigade; which was immediately complied with. We had rather attribute the apparent Changes in the Vizier's Refolutions, to the Duplicity of his Character, than iuppofe it poffible that the Prefidcnt was from the Firft acquainted with his real Inten- tions, and that he made ufe of Artifice to draw or extort from your Council an involun- tary Concurrence in his Meafares. Your Afiiftance is propofed to be yielded to the Vizier on Terms, profefTedly fo difadvantageous to him, that he cannot be expected to accept of it. That conditional Engagement being once extorted from your Council, they can no longer recede from it, when the Vizier almoft immediately accepts the Conditions. 17. Obferving that the Viaier's Letter is not an exact Tranfcript of the Draught fent him by the Prefident, as it ought to have been, we fubmit it to your Judgment how far the Alterations are material. Bat the Difference between the Accounts given you of the Object of the Requifit ; on by the Board at large, and by the Select Committee, feems to us very remarkable. The former, in the 5th Paragraph of their Letter from the Secret Department, dated the 151!! of March 1774, tell you, " That the declared Intention of the Vizier on this Requifnion, is flill the Conqueft of the Rohilla Country." The Select Committee, in the gth Paragraph of their Letter of the fame Dite, inform you, ' That the Brigade will probably be employed only in protecting his Country, wh'le he * is carrying on his Operations againit the Maratta DiftricV' Considering that the Vizier himfelf exprefsly fay*, that it is bit Refotuticn t employ the Brigade in the Aedi&itn of the Rshillas, this laft Intimation from the Select Committee appears to us wholly unac- eounrable. 18. We find that the Brigade entered the Rohilla Country on the i;th of April Itft, and that the united Armies obtained a complete Victory over the Rohilla Chiefs on the 3d following. From that Time we muft refer you to the Letters recorded in your Con- futations for tr^e farther Operations of the Vizier, his barbarous and unneceffac in the Interval; for Mr. Haftings, in his Letter to him of the igth of April, acknowledges the Receipt of his feveral Letters from the i;th of February to the jd of April, therefore if no other ate withheld, thofe Two above ment oned are certainly fo. The Letter of the Ijth of February muft have been the Firlt Letter in the Correfpondence, as the nwt Date (viz. February the iSth) is docketed No a ; \vhst th; Subjeft of it was can only be Matter of ConjeGure ; but it feems to us probable, that it related to the Secret Inftruftions which Mr. Middleton had received, independent of bit public Ones. It is needleis to trace the other Letters which have been withheld, as it is fufficientfor the piefent Purpofe to fbew, that if the above Four Letters of the i$'h of Ffbrunry, No. i, with the Numbers 4, 5, and 6, had been produced, we might have been enabled to have formed a competent Judgment of the real Nature of the Er.g--g-rr.-nts with the Vizier. 21. We fhall offer but Oue Obfervation more on the broken ? k -te of this Corrcfpon^. cnce. Mr. Haftings having alleged, that his Chief Reafon for withaoWing the above Letters was, that they related to a Difference between the Vizirr and Colonel Champio:?, it may be necefTary to /hew, that none of the above Fcur Letter? could relate to that Sub- ject. Mr. Haflings, in his Letter of the nd of May, acknowledges Mr. Middleton's of *3d, i 4 th, and 191*1 of April. The Da--e of theFirft of thofe Letters clofes the Chafm. The fuppofed Difference could not have bsen mentioned in arn' L'tttrs written within tha Pe;en c-t* to th" Co-.npsr ; be sore hr received our laft Requi- iition. The Governor General's Exreftations en th s Mead are very f.'igtiine ; and con- fiderins; every Thing but the Character of the Vizirr, are unocuvdiy vvell Bounded. But whether they may be difappointed or accomplifhed, tue Propriety of 3 A a we have revived on, forms a Quefiion totally independent of that Event, nd mufi be determined by itfelf. 36. The general Principle on which we have acted, and which we mean to make the Role of our future Policy and Conduct, is no other than that, v\ hich y-ur Authority and that of Leg;flature have equaMy prefciibed to us ; to maintain PEACE in INDIA. The Prefervation cf Peace mceffarlly includes the vigorous Defence of your own PoCefiicns, with fuch Parts of the Dominions of your Al ies as are guarantied by Tieaty. On the other Hand it excludes every Idea of Conqueft, either f.r yourfelves or ethers. Ad- hering to this Syftem, we never can engage your Arms in any offenfive Operations for the Aggrandizement of one Indian State at the Expence of another; rruch lei's could we have fuftered the little States, which at the fame Time formed your Earner, and looked up to you for Protection, to be fwallowed up by the great ones. Had we arrived in this Country Ten Months fooner, we ihould have uved a Nation. Theie are our Principles, Gerttlemen ; l*t our Actions be tried by them. 37. You are now in Pofletfion of all the material Facts refpefting the Rohilla War which have fallen within our Knowledge. The Country is reduced ; your Troops have Conquered it for the Vizier ; to finiih the Transaction, it only remains that you fhould icceive the Trice of your Services. 38. We fliall now lay before you our Obfervations on the Conduct and avowed Doc- trines of the late President, in the fame Order in which we have dated the Facts. Let us firft, however, obferve to you, that if the future Peice and Security of thefe Provinces were not likely, as we think they are, to be affected by the Meafures of the late Ad- minifiration, we /hould not have undertaken the painful Office of examining into and cenfuring any Thing concluded before our Arrival. We know not what fatal Confequrnces fnay follow from a falfe Syflem cf Policy, already carried into Execution in fo capital an Jnftance, or how far they may extend. Whatever they may be, or whenever they may take place, it is fit that you fhould know with Exactneis from what Origin they fpring. But, befides the Confederation of particular Meafures and their Effects, you will find that here are Opinions as well as Facts before before you ; that there are general Principles of Policy laid down, and general Motives of Action ftated, which, for our future Guidance, you muft either approve of, or condemn. 39. The Prefident's Minute of the atfth of November 1773, begins with faying, " 'J hat he has long confidered the Power of the Rohillas, as dangerous to the Vizier, ' and'that as fuch he wifhed to fee it annihilated." The obvious meaning of this Pro- portion is vrry different from that which the President himfelf annexes to it. You will find that, in his Apprehenfion, it was the VVeaknefs, not the Strength of the Rol. ; !'.as, which rendered them formidable to the Vizier. " The-Soubadar of Oude rr.uft always " be an an Object of Jealoufy and Enmity to the Rohillas ; his Power is to be dreaded " by them." As Mr. Haftings has explained hioiftlf to us, the Confequence of their Jealoufy and Dread of the Vizier was, that they were at all Times ready to unite with his Enemies, and to difturb the Peace of his Dominions. Admitting this Reprefen- tatjon to be true, we do not think it follows, that the Power of a People, becaufe they are wtak, divided, and defencelefs, becaufe they live in Dread of a fuperior Neighbour, ihould therefore be annihilated. 40. We date the Reafoning fairly as we receive it, and frnll leave it unanfwered. -> The fuppofed Facts on which it is founded, are contradicted by unqueftionable Autho- rities. Every Thing that has been faid of the Weaicuffs of the Rohillas is indeed ftrictly true. Your Select Committee, in their Letter of the 3Oth of December 1773, tell you, that, " Of the neigubouring Powers, the Marattas only are formidable to your Pofiefiions ; " the reft are weak, and, the Vizier alone excepted, every Way inconfiderable." With refpecl to ihe Rohilla, we have feen their Fate decided in One ilight Conteft, and their Country reduced t faft as our Army could march over it. But we deny that they were formidable to tht Vizier, even in that Senfe in which the Governor General underftands that a little State may be dangerous to a great One. Though we could fupport our Opi- nion by Multiplicity of Evidence, not to be refitted, we think it fufficient to defireyour At- tention to the following ParagMphof Colonel Champion's Letter,of the 12th of July laft, 10 Mr. Haftings. " If Strangers, my good Sir, to what has pafled in thefe Countries, were " to read your Letter, they would be Jed to imagine, that the Vizier had been conftantly " harafled by the Rohillas ; that they had been in Ufe of making continual Inroads '* into his Country, and of calling foreign Aid to diftrefs him ; in ihort, that without reducing them there could be no Safety, no Reft for Sujab. Dawla : But I have rever h.card APPENDIX, N 45. heard it alleged, even by the Vizier himf.lf, that thsfc People had ever tetry* any ' c Indication of a Difpofition to encroach on lum, or give him the fmalleft Caufe of " Difirefs," You have a Copy of this Letter enclofed, and we beg Lenre to recommend the Whole of it to your Consideration. 41. We return to the Prefidem's Minute, which foon explains the true MoiU-ei and Obje<3 of the War. " lit Situation of the Etbilla Country muji >rake the Pp/$<,n of It always a d-frablt Objefl to the fizier." As the Truth of this Afiettion is not to be dif- puted, vr /hall only obferve upon it, that the mod barefaced Ambition is feldom fo ex- plicit. He loould obtain, by this Acqui/itior., a complete comfaft Statt t jhut in efftRually frc,m foreign Invajieus ; it voculd give him Wealth, of ho hive given us no Caufe of Quiarrel whaifcever, is jjlainly avowed to be a Motive for invading them. We believe there may have been Inltancts of Wars undertaken on Principles as umvife and is unjuft as thefe j but we doubt whether there ever was an Example of the Chief of a greac State profefling to reckon the probable Acquifitjon of Wealth among his Reafons for taking up Arms againft his Neighbours. 42. The Remainder of the preceding Quotation is involved in Contradiction and Ob- fcurity. The Vizifr, it is faid, obtains a complete compact State, Jbut in (ffcd-u-.tiy fnj* foreign In-vajicn ; yet the fame Acquisition of Territory, which is to give him Secinity, without any dangerous Increafe of Power, undoubtedly brings his Frontier nearer the Marattas, for whom he is fingly no Match, and renders him the more dejieivien: on us. The Amount cf this Argument, as far as we can under(hnd fiich nice IWineme.-m, feems to be, that the Vizier, by extending his Frontier, becomes fo much the more cpeo and vulnerable to the Mjrattas j and (hat by giving him Pofle/Tions, which he cannot de- fend without our Affiftance, his Dependence on us is effectually enfuie'i. We f;ir indeed that there is too much Truth in thcfe Sappifitions, and that the Succrfs of thr !a;p Ex- pedition will ferve only to furnifh the Marattas with better Means and Pretvr.cts tor at- tacking our Ally ; confequently that it entails upoj; us a War with thjt People. But where is that Security, that a;r.pal &tatc t fo tfftftv ally jhut ia fr^raftreign ln-vafioni t which the Acquifition of the R.oh-'lla Country was to give to Suja Dowl.i ? 43. In many Parts of the Minute before you, the Prefi- J ,cnt acknowledges the Doubts and Embsrafiment of his Mind. Jn our C t /iriion, every Lin^ of it proclaims the Oiftref* to wh ch he was reduced ; we Aall nf:t therefore be very earned in piefiing our Oi'jeftioni upon him. Let us only obferve, tlut we ar very forry 10 fee any Mixture of SophUlry in the D.fcuflion cfQupftions, on v/hirh the Fate cf Millions tnay depend. 44. P-fidei >be Forty Lacks held out to us, the Prefidcnt infifls upcn the Bentft of yiur being immediately eafed of the Surt'nn of One Third of your Army, -while at the (au:e Tint it ii tmfhytd ujtfutly for year lt:ferefti t and cznvenitr.tly for kef; hg up its vivn D.fcipHne and Praflict in War. V/i h refpeit to all the Payrr.:n'i ui3->, or to be rrade, by Suja Dowla to the Company, you may \ evhaps over-rate your ex;>v cd V/ealih, if you do not oSferve, that the Sums ftipulated in the feveral Agieements with him art to be paid in, Buppees of the Currency of Oude, which either have no fixed Standard, or whofe Scandal ii unknown here. The Payments hitherto have been made partly in old and new B'.nares Rupees, znd partly in Viziery Rupees of di.Tertnt Years, the inuinfic Value of whica cannot be computed, either from their Number in Tale, or fiom their Stamp As a. Foundation, however, to enabi? you to jofig'? of the whole V it is, turns folely upon Topics of Intereft or Convenience, and the mutual Bene- fits which the contracting Parties were likely to derive from the Expedition. 48. You have feen with what Reluctance th? Meafures in which the Prefidem alors ventured to engage the Company, were adopted by his own Council. Acting in 'direft' Opp'ofition to your Orders, and to every Author'-ty which they ought to have refptcted, they would not but be alarmed at the unufual Degree of Refponjfalitv annexed to fucb an Un- dertaking. -Yet even fuppofing this Difficulty to be removed, there fti 1 remain? >) enother Ob.lacie, which you will probably have thought could never have been furmoumed. We mean, the repeated and folemn Declarations made by Mr. Haftings and his Council, from the Commencement of his Government up to April 1773, ^ their Relation to rdhera invariably to the defenfive Syftem prefctibed to them by your InftrucTcns, of their own hearty Approbation of that Syftem, and of their Abhorrence of every Meafure that might tend to implicate the Company in the ambitious Views of Sujah Dowla, or involve you jn offensive Wars againft your Neighbours. 49. We have felefted fonje of the moft (hiking of thefe Declarations, and enclofe them a Number in this Packet; begging leav, at the fame Time, to refer you to the r^-al Letters in your Poffefiion from whence they are taken. Compare the Language ht the Meafures purfued by your late Prefide'nt and Council up to the Trea'y of B-jrare 1 , wi:h every Thing tnat has been faid and done by them fmce Mr. HafHngs's Return froT his fecret Conference With Sujah Dowla, and you will find that one Syfte.p. forms z complete and precife Counterpart to the oth^r ; that the Tranfition they make from one Set of poli- tical Opinions to another is futtden and unprepared ; and that they have not even obferved the common Gradations, by which Men, who wifh to prefcrve an Appearance of Con- fiftency, ufually end-avour to introduce and qualify a palpable Change of Syflem. It is trne, indeed, that the Seleft Committ'e, in their Letter of the joth of December 1-73, defire your explicit Commands fortheir Conduft, " with refpeQ to the Countries fitoated " beyond the Limits of thefe Provinres, and thofe of your Allyj whether their future ' Operations were to be circumfcribed invariably by thofe Bounds, or in what Cafe you, " would approve and authorize their proceeding beyond them;" but you cannot fail to remark, thitthsydo not afk for Jnftruilioos on this Queftion, until af'-r they have taken their Resolution, and actually fent the Brigade to aflift the Vizier in an Expedi- tion which tranfgrefles all fo-rner Limits, and which has evidently no Plea but Con- venience, nor any profefTed Objeft but Conquefh In faft, your Servants wanted no new Inftruftions from their Superiors; your Orders were clear and precife ; they knew your Sentiments when they acted in direct Contradiction to them. 50. The Proo'sof th?fe feveral Afie'tions are taken from Letters and oth^r Paperg ligned by themfelves. Among the reft we bfg Leave particularly to lead you to a Com- parifon of thofe Articles in the Inftructions given in 1773 to Sir Robert Barker, and in 1774 to Colonel Champion, relative to the Defence of the RohilU Country in one Year, and to the Invafion of it in the next ; Copies of which are enclofed. 51. It is not the Spirit of Ceniure that has drawn us into this painful and irkfome Difcufiion. We have no Pleafure in condemning when we are unable to correct. Bur it is material to us to (hew, that when we depart from the Meafures in which we find our Predecefibrs in Office immediately engaged, we in effect only revert to that Syftem, f<>r APPENDIX, N 45. the Support of which they had but a few Months before moft folemnly pledged their Faith ; and that we are entitled to appeal to their own Authority againft thtmfelves. 52 When you have matu i ely conflicted the Nature and Circumftances of this extra. ordinary Tranfadlion, as it flood in our View on the 25th of hft Month, we think you v.ill not be furprized at our wifting to fee the late Prefident's Secret Correfpondence with, C li.nel Champion, and with Mr. Midaleton, whom we then underftood to be the Cam- fany't Relicient at the Durbar. In Addition to the Reafons gi*en in our Proteft for de- firing a Communication of this Correfpondence, we beg leave to obferve, that, as it appears to us, your Council acted contrary to your Orders, and to every Principle of your Government, when they permitted the Prefident to appoint a Perfon to act as his pri- vate Agent at a foreign Court, with Power to carry on a Secret Correfpondence with him, even to the Exclufion of your Select Committee. The poffible Confequences or" repofing fo dangerous a Truft in any Individual, are too obvious to be miftaken. We think they might with equal Right have furrendered every other Branch of their Adminiftration into the Prefident's Hands, and in effect diflblved the Council. The fame Opinion applies to his Secret Correfpondence with the Commanding Officer of the Brigade, which has not efsn the Pretence of his being a Piivite Agent to fupport it. The apparent Chafms in this Correfoondence, as it (rands, will perhaps fuggett farther Motives to you for re- gretting that the Whole of it is not recorded. 53. The Governor General, in his Minutes on this Subject, complains ef our not being fatisfied with his folemn Declaration to the Board, that he would lay before us every Pare of the Correfpondence required, which could give us any Information on public Affairs ; and of our aibitralily invading the Cicred Rights of a confidential Correfpondence. You will judge for us whether we deferve this Cenfure. Until we receive other Lights from your Authority, we muft confider ourfelves as bound to the ftritt Execution of a public Trutr, and not at Liberty to repofe fuch a perfonal Confidence in any Member of our Board, as would exclude us from a perfect Knowledge of his official Proceedings. If we ate to be fatisfied with fuch Share of the Governor's Correfpondence with your Minifteri or Officers as he (hall think proper to impart to us, or as he flull declare to be Sufficient for our Information, we may indeed, in the prefent Inftance, be under the Guidance of the bed of Men, but it is equally poflib'.e that a Council fo partially informed may hereafter be at the Mercy of the worft. 54. W:th refpect to the Governor's confidential Correfpondence with his Agent at the ' Vizier's Court, we are unabls to conjecture on what Topics it could turn. He has re- peatedly afTured us, that previous to the Appointment, Mr. Middleton was no otherwife known to him than by his general good Character ; and that for his Choice of this Gen- tlemen, he had no other Motive but his acknowledged Pitnefs for the Office. Relying on this Affurance, we are at a Lofs to comprehend how any Part of a Correfpondence on public Affairs, between Gentlemen totally unconnected in private Life, can with Pro- priety be withheld from a Council, who, befides the Obligation impofed upon them by their own Senfe of Honour, are bound by a fpecific Oath of Secrecy to each other. 55. The Real of Mr. Middleton was the inevitable Corffequence of the Governor'* rtfufing to communicate all his Letters to us, and was not intended to throw the leaft Imputation on Mr. Middleton's Character. The Governor General, in his Diflent from this Refolutbn, very truly obferve?, trut he is the fole Channel or Correfpondence with the Piincss and Powers of India. He mould have added, however, that by your In- ltruc\ions, " All Letters to be fiat by him are fitft to be approved in Council ; and that he is to liy before the Council at their next Meeting all Letters received by him in the ' Courfe of fuch Correfpondence for their Information." We venture to affirm, that this Inftruction was not newly introduced by you on the Appointment of the prefent Governor and Council, but that it is conformable to ths ancient Conftituticn of your Government here; and that in this Refpect the Legiflature lids made no Alteration cr Addition whatfcever to the Powers vffttd in the Chief of this Preiide,!cy. 56. Mr. Middkton bdng recalled, it fa-came neceflary to appYint 1 >me other Perfon to make the Demand of the Sam; due from the Vizier to the C"mpsny, and to liquidate that Account. The Governor General declining the Nomination, a Majority of the Board refolved, that this Bufnefs fhould be commuted to the Officer commanding the Brif ;:. The Appointment was temporary, and rre^nt by us to be confined to a fingle Objedt. We ha.e repeatedly declared, that wheneer it fliall be thought proper to appoint a permanent Refident at the Viiirt's Court, ons of your civil Servants fbould bs employed, 57- In APPENDIX, K 45., 57. Tn tbe Mmutes given in by Mr. Harwell and the Governor General, you will fe; tha: the Oppofition given to the above Refolution is founded on the fuppcfed Impropriety of trtftifig fuch a CommifTion to a military Officer, and that many general Infmuationa have been thrown out to the Difadvantage of that Branch of your Service. You are toiii, That there is a Refolutiou to throw all Power and Truft into the Hands of a military Commander; that it is a declared Proof of the Prevalence of the military Influence j that the Advices of the Commander of your Army are no: to be admitted as authentic, " fince it is his Intereft to conceal from the Knowledge of the Council every Circum- ftance and TranfaHon, which, if known, might (ubj^ft his Conduct to blatne, cr op- ' pofe any DeQgn which his Ambition, his Intereft, or Prejudices, might diftate." 58. We content ourfelves with oppofing Facts to thefe general unfupported Declara- tions. Without looking back fo far as General Carnac and General Smith, we obferve that Sir Robert Barker was frequently employed by the late Prefident and Council, in their political Negociations with the Vizier. Colonel Champion has been repeatedly ordered and infhucled by themfelves, in the Courfe of the prefent Year, to make a De- jnanr) of the Forty Lacks due from tbe Vizier, which forms the prinupal Objecl of the Commifiion now intruded to Colonel Champion. Thofe Officers had no Share in tbe cfterifive Engagements entered into by this Government with Sujah Dowlah, nor were they ever trailed with the Secret until the Moment of Execution. The whole Tendency of Colonel Champion's Correfpondence is to condemn the late offenfive Hostilities, in which he unwillingly bears a Pait. In the laft Inftance, it is your military Commander in Ch'ef who proposes the Retal of your Army, who urges your Council to revert to the defenfive Syftem which you have laid down as the Bafis of our Adminiftration, and who wiiTies to iheath the Sword drawn by your civil Servants, and by them employed in a Caufe which. he thinks a Dishonour to your Arms. 50. Mr. Mcnfon, who from his Prcfefiioo, and your Appointment of him to the eventual Command of your Army, mult feel himfelf affcdled by the Reflexions thrown Upon the Military, adop:s with Warmth the pacific Meilures propofed by General Cla- Tering, and pleJgss his Honour to you lor the conflant Support of them. If ever thefe Gentlemen fliould depart from the Principles they now profefs, they know the Sentiments and Determination of the youngeft of your Council, that, without your exprefs and ex. piicit Orders, he will never concur in any hoftile Proteil beyond the ftri& Line of De- fence; that he will never join his Name with theii's in the Support of any Syftem temi- ing to lefiin the Dependence of the military upon the civil Power ; but that if fuch a Syftem mould be adopted by them hereafter (which it is almoft indecent to fuppofe), he will refift their Councils with the fains Firmnefs and Sincerity with which he now ap- plauds their Conduct. 60. We hold it beneath us to enter into a Refutation of loofe Invelives or general In- nuations. Look to Fac~b, Gentlemen, and we are convinced you will find, that it is your civil Servants who have involved the Company in offenfive Wars, and in Schemes of Conqutft by which no public Intereft could be promoted. 61. The whole Argument for and tgaintt die Recal of the Brigade from the Rohilla Country, is fo fully fiaied in the Minutes of the feveral Members, upoa the Qiieftions propofed in Council by General Clavering on the z8th of laft Month, that to enter into it hrre would only be loading you with fuperfluous Repetition. We truft, that when you have maturely weighed the Motives and Principles on which we have afted, you will not concur with the Governor General, in charging us with " A Breach of Faith, which inflicts an indelible Difl-.anour on the Englifh Nam'." It is our Hope, founded on a thorough Conviclun of having done right, that your precife and peremptory Approbation will vindicate our Characters from this Reproach. We have no Idea of national Honoui independent of Juflice. But even upon the Governor General's own Piinciples, \ve affirm that no Part of his Agreement with the Viz ; er has been viola'ed by us, Ur- iels it b? admitted, that his Acceptance of the Condition impol'ed by the Vizier, that tbe Brigade jhctild NKVER, NEVER be rccal'edivitbiut Lit Conjin:, conltitutes a valid Obli- gation upon the preient Government, and that it binds us for ever. To determine oiu Judgment hereafter, we make it our Requeft to you, that yo i will give us your clear and poutive Opinion, whether the late Prefident had within himfelf a Power to transfer One Third of ynur Army (without any Limitation or Time, cr referving any Right of Recal] to the Strvice of a foreign Prince; or whether the late Council could of Right convey ta him luch a I'ower ? Deciding in the Affirmative, you will efiablifli a new Principle in the Confthution of this Government : Deciding in the Negative, you will only affirm, -, thai APPENDIX, N 45. that the Reprefentative of a State, let his Powers be ever fo full, cannot be fuppofed to have a R ght to annihilate thofe of the State he reprefents. 6z. We have but One Word more to fay upon the Juftice of that Quarrel, which has been adopted here with as much Zeal as if it had been your own. We havs already ob- lerved, that in the President's Firft Minute of the *5th of November 1773, recommend- ing the Expedition, no Caufe of Quarrel wbatfoever is ftated to jufiify the Meafure. In that of the 25th of laft Month, he tells us, That " the immediate Plea for thcfe Hofti- " )itie was the Breach of Faith with which the Rohilla Chiefs were charged, in the " Supplies of Money afforded by them to the Manilas, againft whom they had folicited " and obtained the Vizier'* Afliftance, under a folemn Engagement to pay him Forty " Lacks of Rupees on the Departure of the Marattas, and for refufing afterwards to fulfil " that Engagement." 63. Suppofing this Reprefentation to be exaft, we do not underfland upon what juft Principle the Arms of the Company can be employed in enforcing the Execution of a Contrail to which they are not Parties, and which they have not undertaken to guaranty. The Faft however differs from the Reprefentation. The Agreement between the Vizier and the Rohilla Chiefs was not concluded till the I7th of June 1771, feme Time after their Army had been defeated by the Marattas, and the Rohilla Country totally plunder- ed and laid wafte. On referring to the Select Committee's Letter of the loth of No- vember 1772, you will find, that on the Approach of the Rains the Marattas recroflitd the Ganges, and have not fmce renewed their Invafion of the Rohillas j who, as far ** we can learn, did never receive any direft Afliftance from the Vizier. He nev;r once had the Spirit to face the Marattas in the Field 5 and fuppofing thefe People to have been deterred from a Second Invafion of the Rohillas, it muft have been entirely owing to the Appearance of your Army under Sir Robert Barker. 64. With refpeft to the Rohilla Chiefs having entered into Engagements with t'-e Marattas, inconfiftent with thofe which they had contracted with Sujah Dowla, we flent to the Opinion of the late Seledl Committee, delivered in the 8th Paragraph of theT Letter of the I5th of January 1773, " That the Rohillas had fought their Safety in an " Alliance with the Marattas, to which they were of Neceftity compelled." A weak: defencelelefs People, placed between Two formidable armed Powers, are not to be charged with Perfidy, much lefs are they iuft Objets of a vindictive War and Conqueft, becaule their Situation involves them in ambiguous Meafures aflumed or rclinquiiTisd upon the in- ftant, to lave themfeles from Deftruclion. $5. But while we invalidate the Force of this pretended Plea, we in Reality allow it more Weight than it deferves. The Truth, Gentlemen, as you well know, is, that the Vizier has many Years had it at Heart to annex the Rohilla Country to his Dominions ; that this has been a favourite Objefl with him, which he was determined to a^compliAi, per fas et aefas, whenever an Opportunity ftould offer. Your Letters from hence are filled with Proofs of this AfTertion. Among the reft, it is particularly obfervable, that the late Seledl Committee tell you, in the 8th Paragraph of their Letter of the ioth of November 1772, '* That he was even inclinable to take Advantage of the aftual Diftrefs " of the Rchillas, and poffefs himfelf of their Dominions the Moment the Marattas " fhould be obliged to leave it ; and that General Barker was the principal Means of di- *' verting him from a Scheme fo little confifttit the Vizier is of courfe beneficial to the Company. On this Principle, his Acquifition of Koran and Illahabad by Putchafe, his Conqueft of the Duab with his own Forces, and of the Rohilia Country with our Afiiftance, are reprefented in the Light of Meafurea full of Utility to the Company. To what Length the Principle was meant to be ex- tended, or whether any Limits wha'foever were meant to be prefcribed to the Vizier's Ambition, is more than we are able to determine. Let us only obferve to you, that the Firft of the above Meafures neceflarily makes the King your Enemy ; fmce the Provinces, tvhich (as the late Prefident and Council obferve in their Letter to you of the ift March 1773) toe have fo p .rticularty guarantied to him, ivLicb bis own Viceroy, Mtnner o Do-tola 9 at this Time puts under our ProtefHoH, and which we might have kept in Depofit for him, are now irrecoverably alienated ; that the Second, in all Probability, will involve your Ally in a War with the Marattas, in which we fear it will be very difficult, if not im- poflible, for us to ftand neuter ; and that by the laft, as Colonel Champion very accurate- ly eprefTes himfelf on this Subject, " The Line of the Vizier's Frontiers is very far *' extended) a brave Race of Men, who live in Friend/hip with him, are added to the " Number of his Enemies ; his Force is but the fame as formerly ; and whilft the Ganges " is fordable in a great Number of Places, it will feive better as a Mark of Boundary, " than as a Cover or Defence to his Dominions." 8. Thefe, we apprehend, are Points neceflary to be taken into your Confideration, before you determine whether the above Additions to the Vizier's Dominions be in fait advantageous to your Interefts, and how far this Aggrandizement is to be promoted by os, t the Ri/k of making all Hindoftan your Enemies. 69. Another general Maxim pmpofed to us is, that it is highly ufeful to the Company to hire out their Troops to Sujah Dowla, in order to fave the Expence of their Pay, and to preferve their Difcipline, by keeping them in the continued PrafJice of War. The Whole of the Argument in favour of this Maxim is not yet regularly before you j but we fear the Time is approaching very faft, when the India Company and the Nation will know the Extent, and feel the Force of it. Whatever Concealments have hitherto been obferved on this Subject, we hold it to be our Duty to fpeak plainly to you, that you may be apprized of the Danger with which you are threatened, and endeavour to prepare your- fclvcs againft it. 70. It has been repeatedly admitted in Council, that the Plan for letting the Lands has in a great Degree mifcarried, and that this Country is unable lo bear the Expence of your Inveftments, together with that of the Civil and Military Eftablifliments. We, on our Part, beiides the urgent Diftrefs implied in the violent Nature of the Remedy, have other general Reafons to believe that your Revenues are in a State of Decline, and that the Mifchief is not at its Period ; in the prefent State of Men and Thing:, we doubt whether it be pofiible to ftop it. 71. The Saving of a Part of the Pay of your Army, by receiving Subfidies from Sujah Dowla, is not a natural Refource to fuch a Country as Bengal ; at the utmoft it can be but temporary ; while the Mifchief which it profeiTes to remedy is permanent and increaf- ing. It fuppofes your Troops to be employed in the Deftruflion of Nations, from whofe Profperity this Commercial Country once derived aconftant Source of Wealth, and whofe Ruin (though it may furni/h an immediate Supply of Money to your Treafury) is in- fallibly a Step to your own. 72. The late Council tell you, in their Letter of the I7th of March laft, that the Ruin of the Jauts was completed by the Lofs of Agra ; that they were ftripped of their Dominions, and reduced to a few inconfiderable Forts. We hope and prefume that NurijirY Cawn's Conqueft of the Jauts has not received any direct Alfiftance our Counte- nance from this Government; but we could have wiftied that fome Efforts had been made, in ihe Way of Negotiation at leaft, to fave that Nation. 7-5. On tne Whole, we are convinced, that Schemes of Conqueft are eventually as ruinous to the Conquerors, if they fucceed, as they are immediately ruinous, if they mifcarry. As a Meafnre of Finance, they can only be the Refource of a Nation that has neither Hom>- r nor Property to lofe. When fuch a Country as Bengal fliall be unable to lu|'l>ort itfelf from the internal Refources of its own Produce or Induftry, we /hall look upon it *s a Symptom or' fuch Diftrefs, as threatens the Exigence of the Britilh Empire in Aad as for the occaftoml Relief that may arife from the Succeii of Projcfts to in* vadi APPENDIX, N 45. %uJe and fubdue the neighbouring Statei, we confider it as a Remedy unnatural io the Conftitution of Bengal, and more likely to precipitate .than prevent the DeftrudUon of this Country. In fliort, Gentlemen, if the true Condition of your Government here has hitherto been concealed from you and from the Nation, it is high Time you ihould be undeceived. The Summa Rerum is at Stake. 74. In reviewing this long Letter, we fear that you will perceive upon the Face of it many Marks of an hafly inaccurate Compofit;on ; and we wifh that the Time would permit us to make it more methodical and comet. As for the Authenticity of FatU, jmd the Subftance of the Inferences deduced from them, we defire it may be underftood, that we willingly pledge our Honour, and every Thing that can be dear to honeft Men, forjhe Truth and Exaclnefs of this Reprefentation, as far as it reaches, of the State of your We have the Honour to be, with the greateft Refpecl, Gentlemen, Y.yur moft obedient and moft humble Servants, iClaveiing, eo. Monfon, P. Francis. Separate Letter from General Clavering t Colonel Monfon, ar.i Mr, Franclh To the Honourable the Court of Directors for the Affair* of the Honourable United Eaft India Company. Gentlemen, Fort William, 3Cth November, 1774* We have refc-rved for a feparate Letter the Mention of a few ' oints, which, though of a public Nature, yet having a more immediate Relation to our perfonal Conduct, we thought were not of fufficient Moment to be mixed with the important Bufinefi to which, eur other Letter is confined. I. In obedience to the Prohibition in the Aft of Parliament, we have refufed all Nazirs or Prefcnts whatfoever. The Governor General hat given his Reafons for ac- cepting fuch Nazirf, and paying them into the Company's Treafury. Mr. Harwell has alfo given his Reafons for accepting Nazirs, and net paying them over to the Company. They all appear in the enclofed Extract of the Conciliation of the 7ih of November 1774. We have confiantly accompanied cur Rstufal of Prrfents with an Explanation of our Motives, and vyith fuch Aflurances of Regard, and other Marks of Refpeft, according to the Rank of the Perfons, as we are convinced have cleared us from any Sufpicion of intending to give them Offence. We ftiongly agree with you in Opinion, that the Re- ceipt of trifling Prefents, though practifcd by Men of unqucftionable Honour and upright Intentions, form* a Precedent very liable to be extended and abuled. With refpeft to the People of the Country, we have Reafon to believe, that they are as well Satisfied with our Behaviour to them as Men can be, who, from the Hopes of Favour, are reduced to the Certainty of Juflice. Making every Allowance for the Fores of Prejudice and Cuftom, they ate not fo dull as to be incapable of undemanding that it it poflible to be their Friends without taking their Money. i. We have npt yet received a Vifit which Mahomed Rrza Cawn was defirous to pay t)S. He has bsen acquitted of the Charges brought againtt him, and is now at large : but as that Acquittal is not yet confirmed by your Approbation j as we know nothing of the Reafons on which it was founded ; and js our receiving and returning his Vifit might imply, that we are faiisfied of his Innocence (againft which, however, we dp not mean to give any Opinion), we thought it later to d-cline his Vifir, until your Pleasure concern- ing him fliould be known, than to commit ourfelves by Demonftration* of Favour to lum, which we might afterwards be obliged to rctraft. g. fn the Eflabli/hment of our Expences, and Regulation of our Fami'iet, we appre- hend that we have conformed ftriftly to vour Intentions, in ccnfulting Economy and Mo* deration more than vain Appearances. We have long ago determined to follow this Plan, is well for our own Intereft as for the Sake of propofing a ufeful Example to othets ; ^ut we had, before our Arrival, no Conception of the Degree in which fuch an Example 3 a s * APPENDIX, N 45. is wanted in this Country. Befides the Consideration cf private Diftrefs to Individual we are At.sfied that the Confequences of it affeft the Public Service. Ruino have a natural Tendency to accommodate the Minds of Men to fuch Meafu nous lixpences res of Re- 4; . You w ^ J* U P" ^e Confutations, that we have agreed to the Appointment of Captain Brooke to command an independent Corps of the Vizier's Troops to be em- ployed in conjunclion with the Army under NudjiffCawn, in defenfiw Meafures only, yielded, againft our ttrict Judgment, to Confiderations or perfonal Refp'eVtoMr! Ha'ftinp 8 . Captain Brooke was fome Time ago appointed by him to this Employment, and is note we believe at the Vizier's Court. To have recalled him from thence could not fail to have been .attended with perfonal Pain and Offence to Mr. Hartings, which we are deter- ttined as much as poflible to avoid. We have relied our Aflint on this fingle Confide- ytjoa and Jefr it with him to juftify the Meafure to you. The only Reftra'int we have t t A n y - n ^"r 111 k ? ( c '"fi of what his Duty to you of Courfe implies) i,, that he fliall >n no Cafe enter the Country of the Rohillas. *l, S *F- S ft the d u aW l n , g . Up D r thisand the P r edin g L*r, we are now informed, for the F,rft T,me, that Major Poher, who, as we were given to underft.nd by Mr. Haflings, was employed ,n the V.z.er's Country on the furvcying Service only, joined the Army under NudjiffCawn, and had a conliderable, if not a principal Share, in the Direction of the Siege of Agra. The Fafl not being diluted, we (hall think it nor Duty to enquire as foon as poflible after the Departure of this Ship, whether Major Polier has adted ia this Inftance with or without Permiflioa from hence. The next Queftion will be ondef At T o" ?'i A " thont ^ and .J"ftri:aions he hs aded 5 and you thall be exaftly inform. ea or tne Keluit or cur Enquiries. 6 It only remains for us to apprize you, that the laft Minute from Mr. Harwell was rot communicated to us until the Night of the a 3 d Inftant, though it profefTes to be an ^nfwcr to Mr. Frank's Minutes of the 3 ,ft of Oflober. Befidei the ^convenience \nl Irregularity of refurn.ng a Qneftion at fuch diftant Intervale (^ecially when the Meafure refened to not only refolv,d upon, but executed), we really ha,e not Time to tontine &2ft^ . WC . baVe P " Uled - Mr ' B3 T eU ' 8 M J"te, and are content to leave him in 7. Touching Matters of Faft, we could have wifhed that Mr. Harwell had been rrorc guarded in his Aflertions. He is pleaftd to affirm, that we took our Refutations' With- Tlm t0 nUIfe fuU int the Defi S" and Natu of ouf Engagements with *k V j * t. V fe'igogcmcntB witri < hi ; Jzier a " d WIthout e " reading the Correfpondence with Mr. Middleto/i, which had been c'Ued for, and were then laying on the Table unopened." As this is only > ^ e :_ U " " P ?T e ; l Affirm , atJOn ', WC a . nfw - if with fiP' Denial, fupported however^ . above-mentioned, and find, that the offVnfi the LS f'\ ' 'T ^ e Meafurcs were fim P ! y '" Contemplations and the Ex- ecution of mem, or any Step leading to it, pofuively forbidden till further Orders. The ition then concludes with the following Words. "In the mean Time, we truft that your fole Obje^s w.ll be the Security of Our Pofleffions, and thofe of the Powers w.th wh,m we are conntcled both by Tieaty and luterefl , ami as this appears to ^ b.v, been the Guide o* your Conduft, upon the Maratta. invading the Province of ", we witn Pleofure approve the Meafutes you have taker, for defending the Dominion* APPENDIX, N 45. Dominions of the King and Vizier from their Inroads and Depredations ; more *fp* dally, as thofe Meafnres are not only juftified by Neceflity, but are within the Liuf wh ch v.e have prefcribed for your Conduct in fuch a Conjuncture." The laft Argument urged by the late Prefident and Council in their Defence, and pur- pofely referred for the Conclusion of their Letter, in order to leave a flattering Impreflioa on the Minds of the Directors is " That they rtturn tc a Style of Peace, ivirb aSud the " Pt>/iffin, or acknowledged Right, of rear Seventy Lacks of Rupees." We hope indeed that we are returning to a State of Peace, though in Fact our Hopes on this Head are more than balanced by our Aoprehenfions. On the ren-ainirg P..rt of the AlTertion, we obferve, that of the Forty Lacks ftipulated for the Rohilla Expedition, and which th^y mention in another Place, as fo much Sfecie added to the txbaufttd Cur- rency of theje Prwtncei, not One Rupee has yet been paid $ nor do we think, as Things yi-ere managed by the late Prefident and Council, it ever would have been reco 'tred. By the remaining Thirty Lacks muft be meant, the Saving to the Company on the Pay of the Brigade. We have made fome general Observations on this Subject in our Letter Court of Directors } in this Place we Aall only take Notice, that the Saving on the K^ad of Pay, even fuppofing no extraordinary Expence to be incurred by the Company beyond ithe Amount of Sujz Dowlah's Subfidy, is mani/eftly over r The ordinary Expence of a Brigade in Quarters at Dina pore is computed at io the Battalion employed in the Jungle-terry, a Ti.cl of Counuy which was confidered s inacceflible and unknown, and only ferved at a Receptacle to Robbers, has been re- duced to Government, the Inhabitants civilized, and not only the Rcjuclif'n of tbe Re- venue?, which was occafioned by their Ravages, prevented, but iome Revenue yielded from this Country itfelf, which a Profecuticn of the fame Meafutes will improve. APPENDIX, N 45. The Cpoe-h Beyhar Expedition produced its full Effects in the Settlement of that Coun- try ; and even the Detachments employed againft the Seneaflei, completely anfwered the Intentions for which they were ordered. Whatever Errors may have fallen to the Share of th* late Adminiftration, I truft that they will not be found in Points of real Magnitude. As to thofe which may appear in jMeafures of Jiule Moment, fuch are unavoidable} they are neceflary to a Government fo eonftituted, and crowded with Objects fo various as this has been, the Firft Principle of which is Difpatch ; and our Records are the beft Evidence* of 'he Regard we have paid to this Principle. On thefe too J fhall reft for Proof, that ii will not be my Fault if our future Records flkall prefent you with Minutes of Controverfy, Protefts, Charges, and Recriminations, inftead of that rapid Progrcflion of Bufinefs, and cordial Attention to your Jnterefts, even in the Anticipation of your Commands, which it was my Happinef* to experience in the Labours of the Gentlemen who were formerly united with me in the Charge of your Affairs. Painful as my Situation is likely to prove, and unsuitable to my Difpofition, it is my determined Refolution to retain the Place which your Favour originally affigned me, and the Legiilature has fince fo honourably confirmed, tilt your Juftke fhall decide between me and my Opponents. My only Refources are in the Knowledge, however imperfect, which a long and local Practice in the Affairs of this Prefidcncy may have furnifhcd me, and of which the Gentlemen of the Majority, een tor their own Sakes, will not deny me the Application, and in the Experience and Abilities of iir. Harwell, whofe Support I thankfully acknowledge with the more Pleafure, as I efteem it to proceed more from ajuft Conviction of the Propriety of my Conduct than perfonal Attachment. I beg leave in all SubmifTion to obferve, that this is not a Cafe to which Palliatives can be applied, The Legiilature has enacted, That a Council, eonfifting of Five Member*, Should form a general Administration for your Affairs in Bengal, and for your political Jnterefls in all India. By the Manner in which the Parliament thought proper to exprefs the Office of Governor General, as d.fHnct from the Council, as well as by univerfal Ufage, fome peculiar Power and Refponfibility feemed tacitly referved for him above the, other Members of the Council ; but if it fhall appear to you, thap his Authority, as the executive and oftenfible Inftrument of your Government, has been overpowered, and that a Majority, eonfifting of Three Members of the Council, has been formed, not by an ac- {idrntal Variation in Opinion, but by a decided and permanent Combination agaiuft the other Two, it will neceflarily follow, that the Intentions of the Parliament have been frftrated, and the Council in effect made to confift of Three Members inftead of Five ; and that therefore nothing but' a decifive Remedy can reftoie that Harmony to the Government, which is irrecoverably loft to the Parts of which the prefent is compofed, and fave your Property, and the national Intertfts in thefe Provinces, from Anarchy and Ruin. I will not quit the Ground which I ftand on in this Addrefs, to appeal to the large portion of my Life fpent in your Service, nor to the important Trufts in which it was my Lot to be employed from the earlieft Period of it. I reft my Caufe folely on the Meafares which have drawn me into my prelent Vindication. I adopted them for your Benefit, and for the National Honour, and I know they have been productive of both to the utmoft Reach of my Wifhes. Relying on your Juftice, and on the Confcioufnefs of my own Integrity, J wall wait with Patience for your Determination on the Subjects of this Addrefs ; nor mall my Care be wanting to prevent your Affairs from fuffering in the long Interval which muft be unavoidably left to Difoider. If you mould judge me fit to be continued in the chief Direction of your Affair?, I have already faid, and yet repeat, ftjat I am willing and defirous to devote what remains of the afiive Seafon of my Life to your Service. But allow me, Honourable Sirs, to hope that i may be furniihed with Means equal to the Refpuofibility which ought and muft be an- nexed to the Fuft Station, whofoevtr fhall fill it. If, on the contrary, it (hall be decreed, either by your Honourable Court, or by yet Wgher Authority, that I fhall yield rr.y Place to "any other, I fliall fobnait without a Murmur to the Sentence; nor /hall ibe Severity of it make me lofe the Senfe of Gra- titude which 1 f el and owe to the Obligations already laid upon me; although i; wil* be impoiTible for m--- to forego the confcicus PtiHe of having, even in the moft obnoxiouj }nftaoces of rry public Conduit, m&aifc&ed that Principle by an undeviatiog Attachment APPENDIX, N 4 $. to the Ir.terefts of the Company, which I hare ever regarded as the latcrefti of r-j Country. I have the Honour to be, with the grcatcft Refpect, Hcnourable Sirs, Your moft faithful and n.oft obedient humble Servant, Warren Haftingi, Csvemtr General* t Appeal ta the Court of Direflors, dated $d December 1774. I have purpofely deferred the Reply, which F have recorded my Intention to mak* to the Minutes entered by the General and Mr. Francis in ConCultation of the 3d Inftant, becaule I forefaw, that in the Justification of my own Conduct, from the fcvere Cenfuret which were caft upon it in thofe Minute', and in the Opinion which it was incumbent upon me to exprefs of the Conduct of the Majority of the Board, which was the imme- diate Object of them, I fhould be led into fo long a Train of Arguments and Facts, ai would require more Time to feleft and arrange them, than I could beftow in the daijy PreiTure of current Bufinefs. I had yet a ftionger impulfe fur fufpending fo difagreeable a Talk, in the Hope with which 1 was willing to flatter mylelf, that lome Way of Ac- commodation might ftill be found, before the Clofe of the Packet, to remove the Neceffity of entering on a Subject, which, in whatever Form it might appear, muft fet my Con- duct, and that of the other Members of the Council, before the Honourable Court of Di- rectors in a Point of View fo alarming, as to require their moft peremptory Decifion be- tween us, and muft of courfe (hut up every Avenue to a future Cordiality. Faint as this Hope was, I continued to indulge it while a Poffibility remained of its be- ing accomplilhed. I now proceed, with whatever Reluctance, to the laft Refour'ce which is left me, an Appeal to the Honourable Court of Directors j on whofe Juftice I throw my- felf, for the Vindication of my own Conduct, and the Meafures of the late Adminiftration, againft the Reproaches which have been caft upon them ; and for the Reparation of the Violence which has been offered to the Authority committed to me by the Parliament of Great Britain, in the late Afls of the Majority of the Council. Mr. Harwell's Obfervations on Mr. Francis's Minute being a fufficient Refutation f the Arguments contained both in that and the General's, I /hall decline replying in Form to either ; but as the Rohilla War has been the declared Source of ihe mcft violent Mea- fures adopted by the Majority of the Council, I fliall briefly recapitulate the Grounds and Objects of that Enterprize, and then proceed to anfwer the vaiious Argument! which have been urged in condemnation of it. In the Beginning of the Year 1771, the Marattas invaded the Country of the Rohillat, which, after a fhort but ineffectual Oppofition at Sukkertoll, was left at large expofed to their Ravages. The Vizier, alarmed at their Approach to the only Part of his Domi- nions which was eafily accefiible by fuch an Enemy, applied with fuch Earneftnefs to Sir Robert Barker, who was at that Time with him, for the Affiftanceof an Englilh Force j and the General thought the Neceffity fo urgent, that, of his own Authority, he fent Orders to the Firft Brigade, which was ftationed at Dinapore, to march inftamiy into the Province of Oude. The Board, disproving this irregular Proceeding, refuled their Confirmation of it; and the Brigade having reached the Length of Benares, remained there till the Beginning of June, and then returned to its former Station. The Vizier, availing himfelf of this Movement, offered his Protection to the Rohillas, and entered into a general Treaty of Alliance with the Chiefs of that Nation, and a Separate One with Hafsz Rahmet Cawn, their Principal, who, in their Name, and with t itir Autho- rity, engaged to pay him 40 Lacks of Rupees for that Support, whenever the Marattas evacuated the Country. Tranflations of both Treaties are recorded at Length in the Confutation of the 2jd July 177x5 and the Original of the Letter is in the aftual Pofleflion of the Secretary, attefted by General Barker, who was prelent at ihe Ratifica- tion of both. On the Approach of the rainy Seafon the Marattas evacuated the Country, and the .Vizier demanded the ilipulated Recompence from the Rohillas j but they evaded the Pay- ment. In the btter End of 1771, the Marattas having extorted from t^e King a Grant of rhe. of Corah and Kurrah, which had been ceded to him by the Company for the APPENDIX, 'erprefs Purpofc of maintaining has Dignity, were pr? paring to take PofTeflion ; and as thJ* Acquifition would have made them Matters of the whole Tract of Country lying between the River Ganges and Jumna, and bordering upon the Province of Oudej the Vizier again applied for Affirtance to repel fuch dangerous Neighbours. The Proceedings of the late Council in their Secret Department, of the ift February 1773, treat thi Subject very largely, and (hew how much they confidered not only the Safety of the Vizier, but even of the Company's Poffeffions, to be endangered by this for- .jnidable Encroachment of the Miratta State. It was ultimately concluded to comply with the Requifition of the Vizier, by fending the Firft Brigade for the Protection of his Dominions againft any Attempt which the Marattas might make on them; and alfo de- lermined to prevent their Defign on Corah, by taking prior Pofiefiion for the Campany, who had certainly the beft Title to it, when the King could no longer keep it. It was na to be fuppofed that the Marattas would quietly fubmit to the Lofs of a Territory which they had ufed the moft perfidious Means to obtain; and every Precaution was therefore neceflary to guard again ft their Efforts to recover it. The Company's Orders of the 28th Auguft 1771, expreisly allowed the Neceflity of departing, on fome Occafions, ftom the limited Plan which they had for a long Time paft enjoined ; and in Confequence the Rohilla Country, North of the Ganges, was included within the Line of Aftion pre- Jcribed to the General in his Inflations ; becaufe if the Marattas, either by the Defeat, er, which was as likely to happen, by the Defertion of the Rohillas to their Caufe, mould gain a Footing in that Country, nothing could oppofe their entering into the Province of Oode, and laying it wafte, in fpite of any Attempt of our Forces united with the Vizier's to prevent them. The Map which accompanies this will demonftrate this Truth more powerfully than any verbal Argument. It was not be fuppofed that the Marattas, whofe Ambition fome Years paft had afpired to univerfal Conqueft, and who had extended their Arms from the Centre of the Balag- haut, to the northern Extremity of Indoftan, mould fit down contented when they had dd=d the Douab, Corah, and Allahabad to taeir Dominions; on the contrary, there was very Reafon to apprehend, and it was publicly reported in their own Camp, that they would next carry ttuir Operations into tne Country of the Vizier, and even into the Company's own Pofieffions. On the Grounds which I have defcribed, it was agreed to maintain the Province of Corah againft the Marattu, and afterwaids to extend our Arms beyond the prefcribed X. ; ne of the Dominions of our Ally into the Rohilla Country, by a difcretional Latitude allowed the General ag above-mentioned; which he accordingly made ufe or", by march- ing the Brigade as far :,s Ramgaut ; and we have the ftrongeft Reafons to believe, that it was attended with every immediate Advantage which we had projefted from fuch a Mea- fure, as the Mirattas lay during the whole Campaign of 1773 in the Neighbourhood of our Army, but without daring either to crofs the River, or to approach the Borders of Corah ; and before the fetting in of the Rains cf that Year, their domeftic Troubles obliged them to return to their own proper Dominions. Of the Re r o!utioB to enter the Rohilh Country for its Defence againft the Marattas, the Court of Directors were firft advifed in the General Letter by the J of the 3ft of Mirch, 1773, which arrived in England long before the Departure of the Tranfports. Theeffeaual Prot-fl ion then afforded the Roh'llas, and the Departure of the Mt- rattas, having efttWiftied, beyond all Conteft, the Right of the Vizier to the 40 Lacks which hd been ftipulated for this importan' Service, and which, by the Terms of the Engagement, were re.iliy due the preceding Year, on the Retreat cf the Marattas from their Country, he demanded Payment of Hafez Rh.met Cawo, whb refufed it The Vizier alfo accufed him of having fecretly encouraged the Marattas, and fent them a Supply of Money; and, if I miftake not,' General Sir Robert Barker in fome of his Letters mentions the Fame Circumftance. The Plea of Juftice thus coinciding with the Principles of found Policy, which dictated to the Vizier the Neceflity of fecuring himfelf againft the Intrigues anrl Perfidy of the Rohillas ; who, from their Situation, were moft capab'e o< hurting him iu his Contefts with more powerful Enemies, and from their na- tural Weaknefs, and the Jealoufy infeparable from it; would ever feek for their Safety in fomenti ig or joining in Attempts againft him, he formed tbe Defign of invading and re- facing their Country. As his own Strength wss inadequate to fuch an Undertaking, he t N. B. This is a Blank in the Original; but t>e Letters brought by the Ship Heftor, dai.su 3 ill March 1773, were received at London the cthof Oftober 1773. 4 Solicited APPENDIX, 45- fo'iicited the Aid of th's Government for effecting it, and made an Ofi^r of CO Lacks of Rupees to be paid on its Accomplifhment. As this Propolal was urged in the warmeft Terms, boih in Perfon to Sir Robert Barker, and in his Letter to me, and this had long been a fjvourite Project of the Vizier, the Board judged with me, that it might afford a fair Occafion to urge the Improvement of our Alliance, by obtaining his Afient to a mor equitable Compenfation for the Expence attending thi Aid which he occasionally received from our Forces, and to free the Company from the EmbarrafTment to which they might be fubjecled, by retaining the Property and Pofleflion of the remote Diftrifts of Corah and Illahabad. For this Putpofe, it was agreed that I fliould write the following Letter to the Vizier, which I beg have to quote at large, becanfe it fixes the Source of thofe En- gagements, which took place by a progreflive Train of Meafures, and terminated in the Kohilla War; and will mark at leaft, that this was not the Effect either of a precipitate and unweighed Refolution, or a tame Acquiefcence in the Vizier's Schemes of Ambition, but the Refult of long Deliberation, originally devifed, and confiftrntly employed as an Inftrument of promoting the Interefts of the Company, of perpetuating the Dependence of their Ally, and converting it to a Channel of Utility. Fort William, aiftof April 1773. " I have received your Excellency's Letter, mentioning the Particulars of your Opera- " tions againft the Marattas. You promife to the General, that whenever the Marattas be driven out of the Rohilli Country, and Hafez RhamctCawn fhai! fulfil his " Agreement of 40 Lacks of Rupees, you will give Half that Sum to the Company ; and ** that fliould the Rohilla Chiefs be guilty of a Breach of their Agreement, and we will " thoroughly exterminate them, and fettle your Excellency in the Country, you will in " that Cafe pay the Company 50 Lacks of Rupees in ready Merry, and exempt them *' from the King's Tribute. Upon the fame Subjeft the General h?.s aifo written to me " fully. Every Circumftance which you have written to mt, 1 confider as a Proof of the " cordial Attachment which fubfifts between us, and of the Confidence and Reliance " which you place in the Friendship of the Englifh Company; but the Points which you " have propofed require much Confideration, and the previous Raffication of a formal " Agreement, before lean afTent to them, otherwife I might incur t're Difpleafure of my " Employers. It is true that 1 have long thought that the Union of the Rohilla Country ** with your's, either by fure and permanent Obligation of Friendfhip, or by reducing " it to Obedience, if they mould render luch an Attempt juftifuble by any At of Enmity " or Treachery, would be an advifeable Point for you to attain j becaufe, by that Mtans, " the defcnfive Line of your Dominions would be completed, by including within it all " the Land lying on that Side of the River Ganges ; and you would be in na Danger from " an Attack on that Quarter, whenever the Marattas fliould commit D^fturbances in ' another. But it appears to me, that this is an Object not to be attained by an occa- *' dorul View of that Country ; and its Diftance from the Provinces of Bengal will not * { admit of the Continuance of the Engliih Forces longer than the Period which remarn " of dry Weather. You will pleafe to remember they were fent for your Affiftance, and " to defend the Province of Corah againft the Marattas ; thus far only I am autho ized, " by the Commands of my Superiors, to erflploy them beyond the Limits of their own " Pofieflions; and eveu this is the Caufe of an heavy Lofs and Rifk. to their Affairs j " especially in the Expences of their Trcops and Stores, and in the Abfence of fo great a " Part of th:ir Force, which was originally deftineJ for the fole Defence of the Countries " dependent on Bengal. You have frequently rep;ated in your Letters the Remark?, " that to wait till the Enemy was at your Door, and then to write for the AfTiftance of " our Forces, would anfwer no go.-d Purpofe; but that every Year the fame Caufe " would require their Return to the fame Service, an. J . pafi without effeftinf any Pur.- " pofe of real Advantage. My Friend, all this is true ; but it proceeds from the Want of " proper Meafur?3 having brtn previoufly taken, and from the imperfect Footing on " which Affairs between us have been eftabliihed. The Concern wbivh the Company " take in your Safety, and the Duties of Friendfljip which their Commands, aifd our " own Inclinations equally enjoin us to obferve inviolably to their A!!:;s, and efpedaliy " to One fo clofeiy united by an approved Attachment to them, would not fuifjr us to " withheld our Aid when your Affairs require it } but it hss ahvay- b:en with Re- luclance that we have fuffered the' Army to pafs the Frontiers of our bxvn Country, *' becaufe the Lofs and Irtconvenience attending it was certain ; and although joined *' with your Forces, there is no Caufe to fear the mod powerful Efforts of our Enemies, " yet the Events of Wai are at th Difpofal of the Almkhty ; aad the only Fruits which R, r. 3 C tb APPENDIX, N 45. " the mod fplendid Succeffes can afford us, are the Reputation of having maintained the " Faith of our Alliance, in Oppofition to every Incentive of Self inrereft and Self- " defence. Thus circumflanced, we are precluded from deriving any Benefit fiom your " Support; and our's can only afford you a Relief from prefent Danger, without any Provifion of future Security. For thefe Reafons, I have often wifhed for a perfonsl " Interview with you, for the Purpofe of removing Difficulties, and perpetuating the " Alliance with your Excellency, on Terms more fuitable to our mutual Interefts. " Ycur Excellency alfo hath repeatedly exprefied the fame Inclination. 1 therefore write, ' that if your Affairs will at this Seafon admit or your giving me a Meeting, I will " haften to obtain it as foon as 1 am able after the Receipt o* your Letter in Reply to "'this ; if otherwife, I muft wait for it at fome more diftant Period, as the Affairs of " this Government will indifpenfably require my Prefence at this Place after Three or " Four Months, and it is uncertain when I /hall again have an Interval of Leifure for " for fuch a Journey. In the mean Time your Excellency ai.d the General are at a *' great Diftance from the Province of Corah, and the Affairs of that Province require * the Prefence of a Perfon on the Behalf oi the Company, to regulate and take Charge ' of it, until it fhall be hereafter deiermined in what Manner it (hall be finally dilpofed " of. I have judged it adviieable to depute Mr, James Lawrell, a Gentleman of the Coun- " cil of Calcutta, on this Service, and he will let out accordingly in a few Days, which I " hope you will approve." The Allurement thus held out to the Vizier fucceeded. He propofed in Reply a Meet- ing with me at Benares, which took place accordingly. I found him ftill equally bent on the Defign of reducing the Rohillas, which I encouraged, as I had before done, by dwelling on the Advantages which he would derive from its Succefs, but objecting with great Force the Orders of the Company, reftricting us from fuch remote Schemes of Conqueft; to which I therefore could not afient, without fuch Conditions obtained in Return for ir, as might obviate their Difpleafure, and win their Sanction to fo hazardous and unauthorized a Meafure, I fear not to quote theie Exprefiions, addreffing myfelf to fair and unbiaflcd Judges, who will not infer my real Sentiments fiom the Style and Arguments of a political Negociation. I told him that the Company had drawn themfelves into great Diflrefs by the enormous Load of their military Expences, One entire Brigade being kept up for tne fole I'urpofe of maintaining a Connection with him, fince it was ufelefs and unnecefl^ry to the Pro- tection of our own Provinces. That if he wifhed therefore to avail himfelf of our Aid, ither in preventing, or even in repelling the Defrgns of his Enemies, he muft firft agree to bear a more equal Share of the Burthen of this Expence, by paying the wnoie Charge of the Forces lent him for this Service while they were fo employed T this, after much Contention, he affented ; and the Sum of 210,000 Rupees, which the General computed to be the Amount of the Expence, was fixed as tne Monthly subfidy to be paid for the Brigade, whenever it fliould pals the Borders of the Province of Bahar on his Re- ,uifition. Having obtained this Point, which I confi tcred in the Light f.f a perpetual military Fund, 1 eafily yielded my Affent to the Rohilla Plan, on the Stipulation of 40 Lacks for its Accomplishment, 10 Lacks being deducted from his Fitft Offer, on account of the Difference which had taken Place in the Subfidy. This Agreement was no fjoner made, than he fuddenly repented, defired to decline the War with the Rohillas till a more favourable Conjuncture, when he fliouid be leis em- barrafled by other Engagements ; agreeing however to the mon'hly Subfidy, whenever hi, future Occafions fhould oblige him to /equire the Aid of our Forces. Tnus the Rohilla Plan remained rather fulpended than whoily abandoned, although it was lefc optional in our Government to reject or afTent to it on a future Occafmn. Meflrs, Lawrell and Van- fittart, who were with me at the Time, and to *hom I nude a daily Co'r.mnic favour it at this particular Time, none to oppofe it. The Marattas were fo much occupied by their own Diflentions, that they could not even defend their PofferTions in the Doaub, much lefs were they likely to interrupt our Operations againft the Rohillas. The King had no Means of Interference but by his General, Nudjiff Cawn. fo- whofe Attachment we had flronger Security in his Intereft, and in his Fear of his Rival Abdul Ahed Cawn, than his Mailer had in his Allegiance. The Rohillas were too weak to tefift fo powerful an Attack j and as their Country was open and undefended, either by Defiles, Woods, or Fortrefies, and in its greateft Extent d.d not exceed 100 Miles, its entire Subjection 'lid not require any Length of Time. To ihele Inducements, which apply only to the Succefs of the Undertaking, other Mo ives, equally powerful, engaged our Attention to it, as a Meafure necelVary to the Interefts and Safety of the Company. All our Advices, both public and private, reprefen'ed the DiftrefTes of the Company at Home as extreme. The Letters from the Court of Directors called upon us moft loudly for ample Remittances, and a Reduction of our military Expences At the fame Time, fuch was the State of Affairs in 'his Government, that for many Years paft the Income of the Year was found inadequate to its Expent* ; to defray which, a heavy Bond Debt, amounting at One Time to an Hundred and Twenty-five Lacks of Rupees, had accumu- lated. The Board had beflowed much Labour and Time in the Retrenchment of their Expences, but much remaired yet to be done; and the Regulations which they had, already farmed, required Time to produce any vifible Effect. By allowing the Vizier the Military Aid which he required, a Saving of near One-third of our military Expends woulo be effected during the Period of fuch a Service ; the Stipulation of 40 Lacks would afford an ample Supply to our Treafury, and to the Currency of the Country ; the Vizier would be freed from a troublefome Neighborhood, and his Dominions would be made more defenfible, while his Alliance with the Company fubfifted, by being completely fliut in between the River Ganges and the Mountains ; and his Dependence on the Company would be increafed by .hat Ext-nfion of his Pcffeffions, as he himfelf was incapable pf de- fending even his ancient Poflefiions without our Support. For a more ample Difcufiion of thefe Arguments, I beg leave to refer to the Confut- ation in the Secret Department of the x6th of November 1773, " n which it was con- cluded, after a long Debate, to confent to the Vizier's Requisition. As a Precaution againft any Effects which were to be apprehended from the Vizier's Irrefolution, the Conditions originally accepted for this Engagement were dictated to him in the Form of a Letter to be written by him, in which a Claufe was inferted, that whether the Country was conquered, or a Peace concluded between him and the Enemy, the Stipulation for the Payment of 40 Lacks fhould become equally due. Of this Engagement I fliall fpeak more hereafter. On the 24th of February 1774, the Second Brigade arrived within the Territory of the Vizier. On the 17th of April the united Forces entered the Borders of rhe Rohiila Dominions ; and on the z^d of the fame Month engaged and defeated the Rohillas, with the Death of their Leader Hafez Rahmet Cawn. From that Period the Conqueft of that Country may be dated, no material Oppofition having been fmce mace,. On the 6th of October the War was finally concluded by the Trfaty with Fvzoolla Cawn. Fifteen Lacks of Rupees, which he engaged to pay to the Vizier in ready Money, were to be immediately approoriated to the Payment of Part of the Stipulatio'a of 40 Lacks due from the Vizier to the Company 5 and we are informed that the Vizier has returned with Expedition to Fyzabad, for the exprefs Purpofe of difcharging the Remainder. The Subftdy had been punctually paid fo .he End of September, by the laft Advices received on tjiat Subject from Colonel Champion, dated the 34th of Oaober. I now proceed to anfwer the Objections which have bren urged againft the Propriety of this U.idsr uking. Thefe may be reduced to the following Heads : ift. That it was contrary to the exprefs, peremptory, and repeated Orders of the Comp. MIV. ad. That it was contrary to the repeated Declarations and Promifes of the Board. d. That it was unjuft. APPENDIX, NO 45. 4th, That it expofed the Company to the Hazard of an indefinite or an endlefs War. 5th. That it might have involved the Company In a War with the Marattac, and may ft;ll draw on us their future Refentment. 6th. That by the Removal of a Third Part of the whole Military Eftablifliment to fo great a Diflance, our own Provinces were expofed to Danger. 7th. That by aggrandizing the Vizier it might render him a Dangerous Neighbour, and deprive the Company of the Benefits of his Alliance. 8th. That it was refolved on precipitately without a formal Treaty, the Conditions of it appearing only in a Letter from the Vizier, where they are loofely exprefled, and liable to Evafion. 9th. That the Condition which the Vizier exprefles, that the Brigade fhould never de- part without his Permiflion, was an Inftance of Arrogance in him, and of an unbecoming Sobmiflion in the late Adminiftration, and might prove the Caule of their being detained for ever. Vide Mr * n t ' le a ' )0ve Articles I have not confined myfelf to the public Re- Francis's Mi-* cords but nave endeavoured to collect the Subftance of 'all I have feen nutes entered r ^ eard u P on tn ' s ^' de of tne Argument, and have chofen to clothe it in la Confulta- . my own Lan g ua E c i tnat which I have found prepared for me not being , in every Inftance fuch as I allow myfelf to ufe, even in Retaliation of j i perfonal Injury, much lefs in Application to Meafures which immediate- ly regard myfelf. I (hall reply feparately to each. I. I have read over with great Attention all the Letters which have been received from General Letter l ^ e ^ orlol:ra ble Court of Directors fince the Year 1769, and long ago nth Ma i~6a ab ft ra c! ^ all the Paragraphs written within that Period upon the Sub- Paraera hs 3 'and J e< ^ ^ ^ e Company's political Concerns, thole having been given me g __ i y for my fpecial Guidance in my Negociaiions with the Vizier the iaft 'c p * i" Year at Benares. J find nothing contained in any of thefe which ex- it and In! P refsl y a PP lies to the Cafe in Queft'O". I "* with Injunctions to ftructions to the avoid new Connexions. < To endeavour to keep Peace in Bengal Commiflioners " and W ' f ^ t ' 1C ne 'g n ^ our ' n S Powers ; and to confine our Views to the p p ' . " Security and Tranquillity of Bengal ; not to acquire further Pol- ' " fefiions 5 but to advert to the good Management of thofe which we S / K I " bave - To incline to thofe few Chiefs of Indoftan who are in a Pa* 8 " Condition to ftruggle with the Marattas. To defend the King's " Perfon, and the Diftridts of Corah and Allahabad ; which is nun- " ticned as an Exception to their limited Plan. To make known to the Powers of India, " that it is by no Means the Inten:ion of the Company to encroach upon their .Neigh- *' hours, or to acquire an Extcnfion of Dominion by Conqueft. That they regard with *' a jealous Eye the increafmg Powers of the Marattas ; and that it would be bad Policy " to take Part in any Operations, which might weaken the few remaining Chiefs who '* are in a Condition to oppofe their Encroachments." But the following Extracts are fo pointedly appofite to th? Subject, that I /hail take the Liberty to quote them at large. " It is with the moft fcrious Concern we learn, from your late Advices, that the In- " curfions of the Marattas had fpread fuch a Terror and Defpondence into the Minds of " thofe Powers which were the remoter Barrier of our Poffeffions ; that the Irrefolution r i i t " and Timidity of the moft potent of them have given Rife to fuch . c " Succefles, as have encouraged the Marattas to invade the Domi- t V " nions of the King, and lay claim to Part of the Territory of Sujah lr - 45- Dowlah. But the Conduft of the Rohillas nd Jauts is rather a " Matter of Concern than Surprise to us ; as the King and Sujah Dowjah neglected that ' Occafion to unite with thofe Powers, effectually to repel the common Difturbers of the " Empire, and confine them within the Limits of their former Pcfleffions. To what- ' ever Caufes this general Timidity or Supinenefs may have been owing, we find ourfelves ' equally affected, and the Tranquillity of the Provinces endangered thereby ; but as the " Projedls of the King, or the Conduct of the Vizier, are at prefent too myflerious for " us to decide on the Motives of their Inactivity, ?,nd as we know not what Alliances " may be formed to juftify us in carrying our Arms beyond the Bounds of their Domi- " nions, we are prevented from propofing any precife Plan for your Guidance in this " Refpetl ; but fliould your fubfequent Advices enable us to form a more certain Jurfg- ?' nieni or the Expediency of departing from (he Plan we have laid down, we ihall com- ' municats APPENDIX, N4 5 . c municate to you by fome early Conveyance, how far we may be difpofeJ to carry our " Arms beyond the Bounds of the Provinces, or the Territories of our Allies, and be- " come the Parties in *n oftenfive War. In the mean Time, we truft your foie Objetli ' will be the Security of our PofTdHons, and thofe of the Powers with whom we are con- ' netted both by Treaty and Intereft; and as this appears to have been the Guide of your " Conduct upon the Marattas invading the Province of Corah, we with Pleasure approve " the Meafures you have taken for defending the Dominions of the King and Vizier from " their Inroads and Depredations ; more efpecialiy, as thofe Meafures are not only juf- " tified by Neceflity, but are within ths Line which we have prefcr;b:d for your Conduct " in fuch a Conjuncture." r . , F " The Line of Neutrality is ftiH recomrrended ; but the St Geor e of 2 th " Roard are atl ' ho:izcd to de P art from 5t whenever the In- T* p " !ers ^ s f 'he Company fhall be endangered, or fltali materiaiiy 3v. I77Z, a re(]u j re j t> The Directiont'promifed us in the Letter of the aSth of Auguft 1771, have never yet been font us, nor have we fince received any further Lights to guide us on this important Subjecl, which I prcfurr.e to place to the Account of the Troubles which have embar- rafled the Company at Home. From the above Quotation?, and the Confiftency which flrongly marks all the Orders on this Subject, I apprehend it will clearly appear, that the Principle primarily infifted upon by the Honourable Court of Directors, refpecting their political and mili- tary Operations, Was to avoid the Extsnfion of Territory} and 'his we have never at- tempted. The Prohibition of military Expeditions, undertaken beyond the preferred Bound* of their own Provinces and thofe of their Allies, on prudential and cautionary Motives, or other Caufes, independent of territorial Acquifitions, i* omy to be inferred from the Tenor and Tendency of their Reafonings on the former Subject. Ir is evident, that it was not from Inattention that their Orders never exprelTed a Prohibition of this Kind, but that they rather avoided it from a Conviction that it m'ght be fometiroes neceflarf, and becaufi it would have been difficult to mark the Limitations of it. This Conclufion I draw, not only from the Two laft Paragraphs of their Orders, which I have quoted at length, and which were dictated by the Experience of paft Advices, and a more inti- mate Confideration of the Subject, but even from their Orders, fi> far bick as the joth of June 1769 ; in which, having declared againft an Extenfion of Pofiellions in the Firft Paragraph, they had in the Third their " Opinion, that the mnft prudent Syftem they " could purfue, and the moft likely to be attended with a permanent. Security to the Pro- " vinces, would be, to incline to thole Chiefs cf Indottan who yet preferve an Independence " of the Maratta Power, and are in a Condition to ttruggle with them." But in the Two laft of the above Quotations there is no OccAlion of logical Surrr.ifes to difcover the Intentions of the Honourable Court of Directors. They tell us plainly, that it is their Wifii < to confine their Views to the Securitv of their own Pofiefiions " aod thofe of their Allies ; but that they forefee the Neceflity, in certain Cafes, of " carrying their Arrr.s beyond thofe Bounds, and of becoming Parties in an offcnfive " War;" and they promiie iiS an early Communication of their I-.iftruitions, with re- gard to the Lengths to which they wilJ allow this Doctrine to be extended. In their Letter to the Pfefidency of Fort St. George, they authorife them, in exprefs Tertns, " To obferve no longer the Neutrality fo heaitily wifhed for by them, in C3le they ftould " judge it neceflary for their Intersfts to depart from it." And it is not to be foppofed, that the Court of Directors would recommend one Line of Conduct for their Government of Fort St. George, and an oppofite one for Bengal 5 much leis that they would admit of fuch a Deviation from their former pacific Phn, on merely Political Motives ; attended with an heavy Exp^ce, and yet prohibit it under Circumft.mces, wnich, in Addition to the fame Motives, have every Confiderat;on of Oeconomy to recommend it, with the Profpedt of an Incieafe to their Finance , at a Time when theii Diftrcfles, both at Home and Abroad, fo urgently required fuch an Jncreafe, and their moft peremptory Commands (as I have already obferved) rendered it the Firft Object of our Attention. I prefume to affirm, both lot myfelf and the other Members of the late Council, that no Period in tht Company's Annals has leen mor- evidently characterized by'an exact Submiffion to their Commands, than that in which I have had the Honour tn prefide in the Adminiftration; and tor the Truth of this J dare appeal to ;he Honourable Court of Directors. But in Cafes to which their Commands do not Ip-vi^lly apply, to adjpi fuch Mejfures as, at the fame Time, approach neaiefl to the Spirit if their general Jnftruction;, and APPENDIX, K 70 45. and tend moft to the Advancement of their Intereft, is (he faireft Ted both of onr Obedience and Fidelity. We might have fuffered the M^rattas, under Cover of the King's Grant, to take pofieflion of Corah and Allahabad, to have allied themfelves to the Rohillas, or eftablifhed themfelves in that Territory, and lain with their Armies nnmolefted on the Borders of the open Country of our Ally the Vizier, till thev had completed "every Preparation for invading 5t. Such a Forbearance migbr, perhaps, have been vindicated by the Plea that the Company had promi.'ed, at the Diftance of two Years preceding it, to furnifhus with their Inftruclions for a different Condud ; and that want- ing thofe Inftruftions, we took tor our Rule their lateft Orders on the Subject, which, enjoined u. to confine our Views to the bare Security of our own PofleiTions and thofe of our Allies. This might have been a fure Way to guard our Chara&ers againft legal Imputation, although in fact it would have been inconfiftent with the Security required. But it is not by fuch cold and prudential Cautions that the Britifh Nan e has acquired fuch a Luftre in India, nor that the Britifh Empire in Bencal is likely to be perpetuated ; neither it thi the Conduft which the Company demands of us 5 their Orde/s are informed by a more liberal Spirit, and allow, in fuch Cafes as are not reducible to fixed an-" inva- riable Pofitions, a difcretional Latitude for the Zeal of their Servants to exert: itfelf for their Security. I cannot better illuftrate this, than by the following E*tral of their General Letter, dated the oth of June 1769, Paragraph 5. " We efteem ourfelves " bound by Treaty to protect the King's Perfon, and to fecore him the Pofieflion of " the Corah and Allahabad Diftricts. When we wrote the nth of November 1768, " we apprehended the Conferences of keeping the Brigade at Allahabad would be creat- " ing in Sujah Dowla a Jealoufy that would involve us in frefh Troubles, having at " that Time no Caufe to eftstm him an Enemy; but impreffcd as jou were with an * ' Opinion of his hoftile Intentions and growing Strength at the Time of the Difpatcb. ' of the Valentine, we mall not blame your Caution for deferring the Execution of our " Orders for it? Removal, nor (hall we, at this Time, attempt to give politive Direc- " tions for yonr Conduct, which in fuch critical Cafes ought feldom to be done, and " in which the Situation of Affairs may be varied by unforeseen Events at the very Mo- ment we are writing ; but having given you, with as much Precifion as pofiible, a ' general View of the Syflem by which we wifh to have our Affairs regulated, we muft *' leave it to you to improve, to the utmoft of your Power, every Opportunity of drawing " towards that Poinf ; and whenever you think yourfelves obliged for our Secuiity, upon " emergent Occafions, to adopt Meafures of a contrary Tendency, you are to give us " very full Reafons for fuch a Deviation, and endeavour to return to the I'ath we have *' marked out as foon as CircumAances will admit a. The fecond Objection is partly true. The Board have repeatedly declared, in their general Letters to the Court of Directors, their Indentions to adhere to the defenfive Plan recommended to them, and to confine thtir military Operations within the Limits of the the Vizier's Territories, and fuch were the'.r Determinations when thofe Letters weie written; but at thofe Times they had not fully experienced the Inconveniences which attended our Engagements with the Vizier in the Prolecution of tha Syftem, nor had the Remedy occurred which fince prefented itfelf, in the Conditions offered for proiecuting the Rohilla Enterprize, and which has been fuecefffully applied. Our Treaty <'f Alliance obliged us to Support the Vizier, when his Poflefiions were threatened with Invafion at an heavy increafrd military Expence, and the Exportation of our Currency with our Troops. For three fucceflive Years thefe Inconveniences had recurred, and it was impoflible to fay how ofren they might recur. At laft an Occafi. n took place, when, by a flight Deviation fiom the defenfive Plan, our Alliance with the Vizier might be converted into Iblid Advantages, The Employment of our Troops made to fave near a Third Part of our Military Expenses, and the Succefs of their Operations to bring a large Flow of Currency, not only in th<- Company's Territories, but into their T>eafury ; in effect, the very fame Reafons which before urged us to fliun eveiy military Expedition, narrely, the Ixpence attending it, and the Exportation of our Currency, now operated in the con- trary Direction, and recommended the Employment of our Army for the Putpoies of reducing our Expences, and aoding to cor Currency. The preceding Argument relpecls only the general Subjet of foreign Expeditions. It has been urged alfo as an Argument againft the parfcuUrCafe in Qneftion, that the B ard, when they adopted the Meafure of the Rohilla War, were themielvcs convinced of the Impropriety of it, from the Declaration made by them repeatedly in iheir Letters to the Court of Directors, of their Wifh and Hope that it might not take Place. Upon this I beg Leave to offer the following Refleclions, A COR, APPENDIX, N 45. A Confjflency of Mefures is difficult to be preferred among a Body of Men, becaofe an accidental Majority may occauonaiiy decide for contrary Resolutions ; yet fuch a Cafe has never happened at our Board. A Confiftenry of Opinions is not to be expected. The Propofnion for the Rchilla War, after having palled the Select Committee, was debated tor Three fucceffive Dajs in Council, in which the Board met, as I recollect, both Morning and Evening to riifcufs it. No Two Members agreed exj' >ly in Opinion, and it was difficult to reconieal them ; at laft they came to a final Agreement to leave it to me to accommodate my own, as nearly as I could, to the collective Senfc of the Whole} which was done with much Management; and the Propofuion was agreed to in the Man- ner in which it Hands in Confutation i6th November 1773. My Sentiments were the fame invariably from the Beginning, as will be feen from my Report to (he Board of my Proceedings at Benares, and my Minute entered in the Confutation above referred to. Private Letters are not coi. nionly admifiible as Autho- rities ; but on this Occafion I cannot produce a ftronger, both of my own fixed Opi- nion fiom the firft Movement of this Proportion, and of the Apprehenfion which influenced the Boardj and I confefs myfelf alfo againft it, than in the following Extraft of a Letter which I wrote to a Gentleman in the Direcliun, by the firft Difpatch after my Return from Benares. " I was glad to be freed from the Rohilla Expedition, becaule I ' was doubtful of the Judgment which would have been patted upon it at Home, where I " fee too much Strefs laid upon general Maxims, and too little Attention given to the " Circtimrtances which require an Exception to be made from them. Befides this, an " Opinion ftill prevails of the Vizier's great Power, and his treacherous Defigns againft " us j and I cannot expect that my Word ftould be taken as a Proof of their Non-exift- " ence. On the other Hand, the Abfence of the Marattas and the weak State of the " Rohillas, promifed an ealy Conqueft of them; and 1 own, that fuch was my Idea of 41 the Company's Diftrefs at Home, added to my Knowledge of their Wants Abroad, that I mould have been glad of any Occfion to employ their Forces, which laves fo " much of their Pay and Expences." When the Meafure was determined upon, and we hi-J come to a general Agreement, I was averl'e to introduce any new Subject of Debate, and therefore eafily acquiefced in the Expreflion of a Wifh entertained by the Board, which might be conftrued as incontinent with the Refoli'tion we had taken. My Sentiments of the Propriety of the Expedition hid undergone no Change ; but 1 will not deny that I felt myfelf influenced by the fame Fears which operated in the other Members of the Council, that the Propriety of the Meafure might cot be feen in the fame Light by our Conftituents ; which we knew, from the Temper of the Times, mi^ht not only draw upon us their fevere Refentment, but aggra- vate the Load of popular Odium which has of late fallen on their Servant! ; and, if I niiftalce not, thefe Reafons are affigned in exprefs Terms upon our Proceedingt. 3. The Engagements between the Vizier and the Rohillas, vvhich have been already quoted, fufficiently evince the Juftice of the Attack upon them. They agreed to make him an-Acknowledgement of Forty Lacks of Rupees upon certain Conditions; he per- lormetl thofe Conditions ; and they refufcd Payment of the Money they had promifed. 4. No political Transaction can be mathematically demonftratcd to be totally free from Danger. The probable Advantages muft be weighed againft the probable Disadvantages. When the prcfent Mejfure was undertaken, there wan every Reafon to expert that it would be fpeeiiily brought to an happy Cor.clufi-jn ; and the Event has proved that our Ex- pectations were well grounded. 5. The Marattas did not poflsfs, nor had any Claim upon any Part of the Rohil ; i Country on the North of the Ganges, when we undertook to afiii't the Vizier in the Con- quell or it. They might, with mmh more Reaion, have attacked us for opposing them in their Degfins on the Corah Diftricts, of which they had obtained a Grant from the King ; but in tact a timid Conduct would h*ve i.een more likely to involve us in a War with them thin either or thefe Meafares. Had they been allowed to fubdue the Corah Diftrift and the Country ol the RohilJa-, the Vizier's Territory would have been open to their Incutfions; their numerous Hcrfe might have plundered it in Spite of the Efforts of our Infantry, and their continued Ravages might have obliged him to come to an Accom- modation with them, as was once apprthe.ided, oa Terms which would have affbr>lel them an eafy Entrance into our own Provinces.* In (hort, we ?re much better fecurtd again!! their Attacks than we otherwife would have been j and ;he better we are fecurjd, the le!s will they be difpoftd to attack us. 6. In Reply to' this Objection, I will in the Firft Place affirm, tha f , merely for ths Defence of uur own Provinces, Two Brigades upon ;Le p refine Jtilabhfliment are fuffi- cient APPENDIX, N 45. cient; a Third is necefTary to add to our Influence amongft the Powers of Indoftan, to fupport our Alliance with the Vizier, and to anfwer other Exigencies which may happen at a more remote Period of Time. Upin the late Occafion, when the Rohilia Expedition was undertaken, our Apprehenfions of an Invafiun from the French had entirely ciafed ; the Difientions among the Marattas fully employed them at Home, and are mentioned among the fecondary Inducements in favour of the Undertaking 5 there was no other Enemy from whom we could have the leaft Apprehenfion of Danger. Such was the Occafion to be embraced for effecting our Purpofe, by a temporary Employmentof a Third Part of our Forces; and under fuch Circumftances, even without reckoning upon the Ac- quifition which was the immediate Object of the Enterprize, to reduce the Company's mi- litary Expences, by employing that Proportion of their Troops which was fupcrfluous for the Purpofe of their own Defence, was a great and manifeft Advantage; but when the ftipulated Acquiiitiorj of Forty Lacks, and the political Advantages refuiting from the Meafure are fuperadded, the vifionary Idea of Danger, which did not exift even in Imagi- nation at the Time the Expedition was undertaken, can have no Weight as an Objection; efpecially as from our own Knowledge of the open and defencelefs State of the Rohilla Country, we were morally certain that the Undertaking would foon be bi ought loan Ifiue. By our ancient Treaty wirh the Vizier, we are bound to affift him with our Forces within his paternal Dominions ; and the Diftance between their Borders and the remoteft Part to which our Troops have marched is only 200 Miles. I will only add, that fo long as no immediate Danger threatens our own Provinces, it is my earneft Wifli that One of our Three Brigades might conftantly be employed with the Vizier ; as well to fave fo large a Proportion of Expeace to the Company, as to prevent the ill Confequences of total Inactivity to our Army. 7. The Addition of Territory acquired by the Vizier, inftead of raifing him to be a dan- gerous Neighbour, ferves to render him more dependent upon us than before, as he has more Occafion for our Afliftance to enable him to maintain it, and to fupport him againft the Claims of other Powers. If his Increafe of Wealth be an Object ot Jealoufy, lee it be confidered how largely the Company mare in it. From September 1773 to September 1775, the Sums we have to receive from him, by our late Engagements, amount to 130 Lacks of Rupees. 8 I have already remarked, that the Firft Propofition for the Rohilla War was made by the Vizier in a Letter which I received from him in June 1773 tna * ' c was e ' n ployed afterwards in the Negociations at Benares, as an Inftrument for winning his Con/ent to the Payment of the full Expences of our Troops employed in his Service ; and that it was not finally refolved on till the z6th November, after the moft ample DifcufTion in the Se- lect Committee and in the Council j it was not therefore precipitately refolved on. It is true that no formal Treaty was executed for the Conditions on which we were ta affift the Vizier ; nor did the Occalion, which was only temporary, require it. The Multiplica- tion of Treaties weakens their Efficacy, and therefore they fhould be referved only for very important and permanent Obligations. The Form which was dictated to the Vizier for the Letter which was to defcribe the Conditions of this Engagement, it is true, is not of itfelf fufficiently clear j but it is explained by my Letter which accompanied it, and the Reference therein made to the Conditions which had been formerly propofed at Benares, as they flood in the Three fiift Articles of the Draft which had been prepared for the Treaty before the RohiJIa Expedition was fufpended. For the fuller Elucidation of the Subject, thefe Articles are here fubjoined. The Two Firft had been agreed to by the Vizie ; to the Th rd he objedied, wi/hing rather to engage for the Payment of the whole Sum at once when theConqtieft was completed. It is fortunate that the latter Mode was adopted; the Completion of the Conqueft having been actually effected, and the Stipulation, although objected to by the Vizier when firft demanded, after the Defeat of the Rohillas, having fince been acknowledged by him to be cue. The Three Firft Articles of the Firft Draught of the Treaty. I. " Whereas the Rohilla Chiefs, in the Month of June 1771, entered into a Treaty " with the Vizier, in the Prefence, and with the Concurrence of General Sir Robert " Barker, by which they engaged to pay him 40 Lacks of Rupees for his AHiftance againft " the Marattas, and which Treaty they have treacheroufly broken ; it is therefore " agreed, That a Brigade of the Company's Forces mall join the Vizitr, and aflift to " puaifh them, and that he fliall pay the Whole of itt Expcnce. By a Brigade it meant, 3 , '! Tw* APPENDIX, N4j. * Two Battalions of European*, One Company of Artillery, and Six Battalions of Sepoys; f< an i the Ex pence is 1'ettled at Sonaut Rupees 210,000 fer Month. The Company's " Tjoops /hall not crofs the Ganges, nor match beyond the Foot of the Hills. The Vi- * zier ftiall retain as his own, th it Part of the Rohilla Country which lies on the Nortb- " Ea.'l Side of the Ganges ; but in confederation of ihe Company's relinquishing all Claim " to (hare in the faid Country, although it is to be conquered by their joint Forces, the " Vizier engages to make them an Acknowledgment of Forty Lacks of Rupees, and in " future to defray the whole Expence of the Company's Troops, agreeable to the Dtte " aiiove mentioned, whenever he has Occafion for their Affiftance, notwithflanding it is " ftipulated in the Second Article of the Treaty of Allahabad, concluded by the Vizier " and the ompany on the i6:h Auguft. 1775, that he lhall pay only their extraordinary " Charges. *. " The Vizier may retain the Brigade aforefaid, on the above-mentioned Terms, as " long as he lhall require it, unlefs it fhall be neceflary to recal it for the Defence of the " Company's own Territories; and he may employ them for the Protection of any Part " of his Country ; but they lhall be kept together in one Body, and not difperfed on dif- " ferent Command?, except fuch Detachments as the Commanding Officer fhall judge *' nsceflaiy in the Time of aftual Service. He may return the Whole, or Part of the *' faid Brigade, whenever he has no further Occafion for their Services, and he fhall " ceafe to defray their Expences, as foon as they fhall enter the Province of Bahar. But " as the Company cannot rifk the Credit of their Arms, by allowing a fmaller Force to .*' remain with the Vizier than Half a Brigade, it is provided, that he fhall either retain " One Half of the Brigade, or return the Whole. Upon their Difmiffion, they fhall *' depart with all cjnvenient Expedition ; and, to prevent any future Difputes from arif- " ing on this Subject, the Time of their March to the Borders of his Province fhall be " computed at the Rate 0/5 Cofeptr Day, from the Place where they commenced their " March." 3. " The Vizier engages to pay the 40 Lacks of Rupees, ftipulared in the ift Article, " by monthly Payments of 4 Lacks, to commence from the End of the Month Rabbee " UlluwulJ, or loth June 1774; but mould any Accident (which God forbid) oblige " our Forces to retire from the Rohilla Country, and prevent the Vizier from obtaining " Pofleffion of it, the faid 40 Lacks fhall not be demanded." 9. It was neither arrogant nor unreafonable in theVizier to require, that fince his entire Dependence for the Succcfs of the Enterprise which he had projected, was on the Brigade of the Company's Forces, the Brigade fhould not abandon him while he was engaged in it, nor while the I Hue of it remained incomplete ; nor can I devife any other Condition which would have removed his Apprehenfions. If the Board judged the Propofition rea- fonable, it certainly was not unbecoming in them to affent to it. It remains theiefore to examine whether it was reafonable, and whether this Power granted to the Vizier waa liable to Danger or Inconvenience. I have already (hewn, that the Removal of the Brigade to fuch a Diftance would not prove of Danger to our own Provinces, becaufe it was not wanted for their Defence; that it would be productive of no Inconvenience, becaufe it occafioned an intire Sufpenfion of the Company's Payments during its Employment. It is not to be denied that there are pcfiible Cafes in which it may be wanted for the Protection of Bengal ; but thefe are out of the Reach of all Probability, and too remote to be quoted as an Objection to the prefcnt Engagement. I am not apprehenfive that the Vizier will infift on keeping the Brigade continually with him, my Fears are that he may difiWs it ; as there is every Reafon to wifli its Con- tinuance with him, and none, no not One. for its Jlecal. When the Brigade was formerly emplo)ed wi h the Vizier, an>! the Share of its Monthly Expences defrayed by him was only 30,00^, and afterwards 1 15,000 Rupres^fr Month, he never fljewed any Earneftnefs for its Continuance with him beyond the Duration of the particular Service for which it had been wanted, but was ever ready to propofe its Return ; it is not likely, therefore, that he fnould be more folicitous now for its perpetual Refidencein hisCountry, at an Expence to him of 25 Lacks a Year, which he muft pay, and which his Income, even with the late Additions to it, can barely afford. He knows that wr.cnever he fliall require the Prefence of the Brigade, it will be for our Intereft to grant it; and he will therefore part with it when his own Occafions, which in this Inflance mnft be confined to the Defence of his own Domin nni, no longer require it, that the Charge of its Main- tenance may be fhifted from his Account to the Company's, and that he may bt fubjeit REP.V. 3 D to APPENDIX, N 45. to that Burden only when he is an immediate Gainer by it. This may fuffice to A the little Rifle we ran, had we abfolutely engaged the Brigade to him as long as he might ehufe to retain it } but, in the prefent Cafe (as I have already explained in the preceding Article), it was underftood by both Parties, and indeed is infepaiable from the Nature of the Engagement, and the original Conditions of our mutuil Alliance, that we might re- cal it if required for our own Protection, not only without any Imputation of Breach of Faith, but (u.ilefs it was done in fo precipitate a Manner as to defeat the Purpofe of the Expedition) even without affording him a Pretext for refufing the Payment of the 40 Lacks. 1 have been thus explicit in vindicating my Conduct in relation to the Rohilla War, for the Sake of obviating any Impreffion, which a partial Reprefentation of rtiis Me,.fur.e may make upon th; Minds of my Employers, as I know that the Majority of the Council, which has condemned it, w 11 labour to paint it in the blacked Colours which they can lay upon it, as an Excufe for the Precipitation with which they hsve proclaimed their Re- probation of it, and violated the Engagements, on which the Right of the Company to . participate in the Fruits of its Succefs efientially depended. But it is not on the Propriety of my Conduct that i Aall reft for Proof of the Impropriety of their's, which is equally incompatible with the In-erefts of the Company, whether the Tranfactions of the late Adminiftra'ion fhall be approved or condemned bv our Superiors, whofe Judgment onlv can decide upon it. A Recapitulaiion of the principal Acts of the new Council will amply fuffice for this Purpofe. The Thrse Members who came Paffenj'.ers in the Afhburnham from England, arrived on the Noon of the igth of October. The next Day I met them in Council, which was adjourned to the 24111 j both to affor3 Time to Mr. Barwell to jo.n u?, and to myfelf to prepare t v e Bufmefs which might be proper for the immediate Cognizance of the new Board. To this Effect I drew up a Minute, defcribing the Nature and State of Twp Subjects, which were undoubtedly the Fiift in Point of Importance} the Eftablifhment of the Revenue, and the Tianfaaions in our political Syftem. If I could have conceived a more regular, OT more candid Way of leading rhe Board into the Knowledge of paft Affairs, without the Influence of my own particular Judgment or Prepoffeffions, I would have adopted it. Th:s Minute 1 laid before the Co.mcil held on tne 24th of October, On the 25th the General moved, and the Board (Mr. Barwell only difienting) refolved to require, that I mould produce the whole Correfpondence between me and Mr. Natha- niel Middleton, my Agent at the Vizier's Court, and Colonel Champion, the late pro- Tifional Commander in Chief, both official and private, for their Infpection. I offered the Firfl, and refufed the Second, for Realbns which appear in my Minutes. To what I have already recorded on this Subjeft, I will further aod, that the-e are few Perfons in the Service, of any confiderable Truft or Rank in it, with whom I have not maintained that diftincl Mode of Intercourfe. My Predectfibrs have ever followed the fame Rule, and I am perfuaded would have thought it a diiTionourable Breach of Confidence, had they i.iferted on the Rscords of the Company, any Letters which had been addrefTed to them as extra-official and private, without the Confent of the Writers of them. Lord Clive, Mr. Veielil, Mr, Cartier, General Smith, and General sir Robert Barker, are able to contradict me if I have mifquoted their Practice} and I /hall be glad to appeal to thern for the T.-uih of it, if (here can be a Doubt upon the Subject. A Circumftance, exactly in Point to the prefent Ma:ter of Difpute, happened in the Courfe of Colonel Smith's : Correfpondence with the Select Committee in 1766, when by fome Miftake the Subject ot a privite Letter from the Colonel to the Prefident was only alluded to in a Let er from the Select Committee; upon which Occafton, the Coionel afferts his Senriments of the fatred Rights of pnvatr Correfpondence in the following Words : " I have been made " accountable to a public Board," for an unprejudiced Difc-.-ffion of Fads, which ought " never to have tranfpiied beyond the Breaft of rhe Right Honourable Perfon to whom, and whom only, they wt.e adureffed j 1 ' and the Select Committee, by their Silence, acquiesced in thole Sentiments. The fame Subjsft wai,refumd the next Day, the *6(h. On my Refufal to deliver the Correspondence i f) the Manner in whicn it was requited of me, Colonel Monfcn moved, and the General and Mr. Francis agreed, That Mr. Nathaniel Middleton fhould be rs- called from his btation j and it was refolved, by a fib.'equent Refolu;ion of the fame Ma- jori'y, That the Neg ciations of this Government with the Vizier, fl.ould be thence. J lortu committed to Colonel Champion (who ought, by a Pa.ity of Reafoning, to have b-en recalled too), or to the Ofnrcr who, on the Receipt cf the Orders, fhould chance to be ihc Firff in Command of the Brigade in the Field, To thtic Acts, Mr. Harwell and mylelf 4 APPENDIX, N"45. JftyMf diflented ; and I entered my Protefls againft all the Coafequencfi to hkh they were liable. The Sentiments and Intentions of the Majority, with refpeft ro the Rohilla War, tni the future Deftination of the Army, were lufficiently manifeited in this Meeting, and Jeft rr.t lefs Room for Surprize at the Propositions which were made on the next, which .was held on the 28th- Thefe Proportion?, which had been previoufly drawu up by the Genera), having undergone fome Alterations in Subftance ai.dronn, ftand ictorJed as follow : The General propofes the following Queftions, viz, I. " That the Demand of the 40 Lacks from the Vizier be repeated, and that Co- " lonel Champion, or the Officer commanding the Second Brigade, be iuftrufted to thaC ' EffecV' -i. " That the Colonel, or Commanding Officer, be alfo inftrufted to make a Demand *' for fuch further Payments as may be due from the Vizier, on receiving thefe Inftruc- '' tions, and to liquidate what Accounts may he unfettled with him at the Time." 3, That he be further inftrucled, that although he is to make an immediate De- " mand for the whole 40 Lacks, andforfiich other Payments as may be due at that " Time: yet, if he finds that it is impofiible for the Vizier to comply with the Whole of " thefe Demands, he is to receive what can be obtained th thefe Demands, he is to enter a Proteft againft ' him, declaring, That the Corm-any have fulfilled ail their Engagements with him, and, " within 14 Days after the Receipt of thefe Inftruftions, to retire with the Army under " his Command, and withdraw it into the Company's Territories." J. " That further Orders be fent to Colonel Champion, or the Officer commanding " the Brigade, that after having finifhed the Negociations for the Money now doe, he do ' immediately withdraw the Whole of his Forces under his Command, within the Limits " of the Province of Oode ; and that unlefs the Vizier Ihould require the Continuance of " the Troops for the Defence of his original Dominions, with the Provinces of Corah, ' and Allahabad, he return with them to the Cantonments at Dinapore." 6. " That on quitting the Vizier, he ftia!! acquaint hirrij that the Governor General c ' and Council propofe to appoint a Perfon to refide at his Court ; and to declare that they " me?n to adhere ftriclly to the T.eaties of IMahabjd and Benares, till the Pleafure of " the Court of Directors, regarding the latter, be known." 7. " That he be further inftruclcd, that if he iliou'd apprrhend any Difficulty or Dan- " ger from the Vizier in bis Retreat, that then he mould fufpend his Declaration, and '' take the bett Means in his Power for the Prefervation of the Army, and advife the ' Board immedia.ely of his Situation." I prevailed upon the Majority to defer coming to any Conclufion upon thefe Prnoo- fitions, till the next Monday's Confutation, this being Friday ; both to allow Time for eich to come prepared with his Opinions upon them, and for the Gentlemen or the Majority to read ail the Proceedings which had any Rtbtir.n t; th ; s Subject, and of which I had furnifhed them with a con.piete Lift qf References, in m> Minulc recorded on tho Conlultation of the ijth. Un Monday the 3111, the Council ie!ng atTembled, I delivered in a M ; mire, ccnt.\ ! n'"5 rr.y Opinion on each Prpofition ; Mr. Ea'weJI did the fame; botn expieffed an Ar she Three Firft, but objefteil wholly to the 4th, eth, and jth, and to the laft Clajie of the 6th. The Sum of our Objections, to wh'ch I crave leave to refer, as the Force of thern mu.fl b.- loft by an Abridgement, was, that the 4th was too peremptory, and left no Room lor the Vizier to propofe any Alternative, in cafe his prefent Means, or fu-uie Acfourcc?, /UuM not enable him to comply literally with the Demands whi-h were made upon him ; that the Fifth was a diredVioiation of tile Engagements which had been fo.mcd with him by the tart Government, and would afford him ajuft Pretext to creUre his alfo void, and to refufr Paym-nt or the 40 Lacics, btfides the Da.iter of lofmg the n:w conquered Country, by fo precipitate a Retreat from it ; that the lalt Claufr ot >he 6th, was an alarming Sag- gsjlionof the Invalidity of a public Treaty, which ought net cen,to be fuppofcd till it 3 D a *?' APPENDIX, N 45. were pronounced by the Company; and that the yih left it at the Option of the Com- mander of the Army to declare War with the Vizier. The other Gentlemen brought no Opinions in Writing, but refolvec! on all the Propo- fjtions, except the laft Claufe of the 6tl>, which was omitted. It is proper to remark, that our Aimy, Reined by the Vizier'?, had purfued the Re- mains of the Rohilla Forces, which had re-afltmbled under the Command t>f Fyzool.'a Ciiwn, to 'he Extremity of the Country, and continued encamped more than a Month within a very fw Miles of them, which Interval had been employed in Negotiations till the ad of October, when Fyzooila Cawn repaired in Perfon to the Englifh Camp, and, as it appears from Colonel Ciiampiort's Letters, on the the Faith of fome Alfuranres given for his Safety. Since the Negotiations continued, the Enemy remained in Arms, ar,d our Army (till advanced nearer to them, making Preparations for an ArTault, in cafe Terms of Peace could not be agreed on. Thus far our Advices had reached us, when the General intioduced the Propositions above mentioned; yet, at this Crifis of Affairs, Without waiting for the Event, which a very few Days rouft have determined, the Majo- rity came with their Resolutions decided for withdrawing the Brigade from the Service , in which it was engaged, whether it were completed or not; and to compel the Vizier to the inftjnt 'Adjuftment of all his Accounts depending with the Company, or to abandon him altogether. One Reafon alleged by the Majority for the Demand which ha^ with fo much Pe.-fe- verance been made for Colonel Champion's and Mr. Nathaniel Middleton's Letter?, vras, that without them, and efpecially without thofe which I withheld from them, tlieir Knowledge cf the State and CirCumftances of the Rohilla War, which was to enable; them to judge of the Propriety of cotolinuing the Army in that Quarter, or to determine on its Removal, would be incomplete 5 yet they had neither taken Time to read the Scries of the former political Records which 1 had recommended to their Perufal, not the Letters of Colonel Champion and Mr. Nathaniel Miridle'cn with which I had pro- mifed to furniih them ; although thefe weie furtly as necefiWy for their Information as the private Letters addrefied to me, the Contents of which they could not know, and," I had declared to them, contained no information on ths Points on which the/ wanted it, Soon after we heard that the Viiier had configned over the 15 Larks, which Fyo'\' .* Cawn had engaged to pay him in ready Money, to Cclonel Champion in Part Payment oaT the 40 Licks due from him, and had haflily'ut out on his Return for bis Capital with Mr. Nathaniel Middleton, for the Declared Purpofe- of acquitting himfrlf of the Remain- der ; and tht the Brigade was in Orders to march back to Ramgaisf. Fearing the Con- fcquences of the Orders which had been late'y ilTusd, I thought this a fit Opportunity t:> induce the Alajcnity to moderate that for the immediate Recal of ths Brigade, ajv ' pofed, that as our Payments were in fo fair a Channel of Acquittance, end Ramgaut bv at little more than Co Miles from the Border of the Province of Oude, to which they had defined 5t future Station, a difcretionary Power might now be cr-troftr rl to the Com- imnder of the Army to continue it at Ramgaut for a fficrt Period, until the Vizier's Con. fent coulct be obtained for its entire Removal, or until he hirntelf fliould judge tJiat it n>ij>ht leave the RuhiUa Country, without Hazard of lofing' it by a frefh I.-ivafiun, :': Insurrections. I think it incumbent upon me to remark a fmall Geographies! Error, which I ba%e committed in my Report of the Situation of Rameau', which I (o'>nti laic i >- pcintisg APPENDIX, K 45. Jointing a Refident with the Vizier was for the Purpofe of facilitating and perfecting this Correfpondence, which being the particular Province of the Governor, he was tnj efpecial Agent, and his Appointment was at the Ome Time a public On;, as it ielate4 to the public Service, and was conferred upon him by the Board, though at my Re- commendation. That the Objj^s of my Remonftrance may Rot be loft or roiftaken in the long Narra- tive and Arguments with wnichl have introduced them, I beg leave :o repeat, I ground my Charge againft the Membeis who form the Majority of the Board ; on their Recal of njy public Aeent from the Court of the Vizitr : on their precipirate Refolution of aban- doning the Vizier, and of withdrawing entirely fram his Alliance, unlefs be complied iu the given Time of Fourteen Days with their Demand, in the rxact Form and Mode in which they were prefcribed to him ; on their Refolutiun ro withdraw the Brigade from the Rohilla Country, even :f he du 1 comply with '' , whether the Couqueft of it was fecured, or it was in Danger of bring wretled out of his Hands ; and laflly, O n the extraordinary Licence which they have given to the Commander of the Brigade, of forcing the Company in-o a War with their Ally, under Covert of taking Meafures to> preferve the Army from Danger. Actions fo violent in their Nature, and bearing fucb ftrong Appearances of mor General and Council if Fort William, in their Secret Dt' fartment, da:ed $tb January 1775 j received in London, l%tb July 1775. I. We now addrefs you by the Dutton, and propofe to continue our Advice? from this Department on the Flan we adopted for thofe by the Britifli King, narrating only the Re- folutions and Orders of the Board, and leaving the Opinions and Arguments of the dif- ferent Members to your Judgment, as they will be found on the Proceedings fent by this Difpatch. We nave only to icqueft that you will be pleafed to notice, that by the Term " Board," when we fpeak of their Decifions, we mean only to avoid the invidious Expref- fion Majority j which we however only mean to include by the firft Term ; when the Board are unanimous, we mall take Care to exprefs it particularly. . Since our laft, Colonel Champion arrived at the Prefidency. Colonel Galliez, who fucceedcd him in the Command of the Brigade, duly received our Inftruftions for his Negociations with the Vizier, and, by the lateft Advices from him, was preparing to carry them into Execution. The Brigade was then at Ramgaur, but he propofed to move it immediately down within the Limits of the Province of Oude, to remain there till he fliould have finiihed his Negociations with the Vizier. 3. We do not find that any Pait of the Treafure received by the Vizier from Fuzullah Cavn was paid in to the Commanding Officer of the Troops, as we were given to under- Hand there would. By a Letter from Mr. Middleton to the Governor General we learn, that he (Mr. Middleton) had received from the Vizier Fifteen Lacks of Rupees, and that he was to fetout with it for the Prefidrncy as foon as he could procure Boats. 4. Mr. Grady is lately arrived fafe from Fyzabad with the Money entrufted to his Charge of the former Payment, being Ten Lacks of Rupees ftom the Vizier ; he left Five Lacks at Coffimbuzar by our Order, and delivered the remaining Five into the Trea- fury here. The Tuncaw for Five Lacks of Rupees on Raja Cheyt Sing, which was alfo delivered to him, was not accepted. 5. It having been refolved that a fixed Refident at the Court of the Vizier fhould bp appointed, from the Company's Civil Servants, the Governor General lately thought fit to propofe the Honourable Frederick Stuart for thatTruft, but the Governor General's pro- pofition was not agreed to ; Mr.Briftow being afterwards propofed by the General, and ihis propolal obtaining tlie Concurrence of the Board, he was appointed accordingly, with a Salary and Allowances fimilar to what Mr. Middletbn enjoyed in the Employment which he held at that Court. 6. You were advifed by the late Adminiftration of the Donation of Seven Lacks of Rupees which the Vizier intended for the Army, and of his having aflually tranfmittedi to Colonel Champion an Obligation under his Hand for that Sum payable in Six Months ; you were further informed of the Refufal of the Prefident and Council to give any Coun- tenance to the Acceptance of this Donation, it falling, in their Apprehenfion, wishin the Prohibitions of the late Aft of Parliament. Since Colcnel Champion's Arrival here he has delivered over to us the Obligation ab*>ve mentioned, and bas added to it a feparate Note of Hand from the Vizier, for 50,000 Rupees, intended by him as a Prefent to the Field Offkers of the Brigade, and a Tunkah for Three Lacks, intended for himfelf. 7. At this Time the Governor General laid before us an Addrefs to him, fianed b all the Field Officers of the Brigade ferving under Colonel Champion, accompanied wi h a Cafe, reprinting the Hardftips which they conceived, they fuftaincd, in bein de t r.ved RIP. V. 3 E <* APPENDIX, N 45. of the cammon,Rig,ht of Soldiers to the Plunder of Places taken without Capitulation, or to an Equivalent for it when they are fpared ; that in the late Campaign they had, by a Victory in the Field, obtained the immediate Pofleffion of feveral considerable Places which furrendered at Difcretion on their Approach j particularly Peelabete, Barelli, Ouhla, and Bifibuli, where Treafures were accumulated to a great Amount ; all which were fei^ed upon by the Vizier, without allowing any Share to the victorious Troops. That afterwards, when the Enemy were driven to their laft Retreat, and obliged finally to'fubmit to him on the Terms which he was pleafed to prefcribe, he acquired great Richet by the Capitulatij n, without- any Confideration had of the Troops, or their Services. That when he offered them the Donation of Seven Lacks of Rupees, tney regarded it merely as a Compenfation for the Plunder to which they were entitled by the Ufage of War, and of which they had been deprived in the Courfe of the Campaign ; and therefore did r.ot conceive that ic could come within the Intention of the A&, but fubmitted their Cafe to the Favour and Confideration of the Board. 8. Inclined as we were to liften to their Reprefentation, we ftill did not think it was in our Power to give any Countenance to what appeared to us a direct Breach of th: Let- ter of the Act. The mod in this Cafe which we could do, was to agree to receive the Whole of the Money as a Depofu into the Company's Treafury, as well the^Seveu Lacks to the Brigade as the Three and an Half given in by Colonel Champion, and to recom- mend to \our Honourable Court to ufe fuch Means as to you {hall feem moft proper, for obtaining, by Act of Parliament or otherwife, a Permiffion for the Army to receive and divide it amon? them. 9. In this Recommendation we are actuated as well by Motives of found Policy as Juftice $ for although it may be expedient to reflrain your Army from extorting Grants, under Colour of Pr: Tents or free Gifts, yet we fubmit to you, whether, to preclude them in all Cafes from the Hopes of a Recompence for their Services, would not be to put them on a worfe Footing than any other Soldiers, and might not ferve to depiefs that Ardor in Enterprize which the Hopes of Advantage never fail to excite. We therefore truft you will be able to davife fome Means of Relief for them under fhefe Circumftances, and till your Orders arrive (if we receive the Money offered them by the Vizier) we fhall retain jt in our Hands j and to convince them, particularly the Subaltern Officers and Soldiers, that fomething real is intended for them, we propole to make a Distribution of the Shares vhich every Man will be entitled to receive when Permiffion fliall be obtained, and to publilh it immediately in general Orders for their Satisfaction. JO. Colonel Champion, Lieutenant-Colonel Leflie, and Major Hannay, being all ar- rived at the Prefidency from the Army in the Rohilla Country, the Governor General expreffed his With to have them called before the Board, to anfwer fome Queftions which he deemed neceffary for elucidating the Grounds and Conduct cf that War. The Queftions were unanimously approved of by ths Board, and thefe Gentlemen were ordered to attend for the Purpofes above mentioned ; their Examinations appear at Length on the Con- fultations. li. We alfo, on Colonel Champion's Arrival, thought it necefiary to call upon him for the Communication of all the original Letters, or authenticated Copies of the whole Correfpondence, which had pafled between him and the Governor, from his Departure in the laft Spring to take the Command of the Army in the Rohilla War, until his Return to the Prefidency. He at firft declined, without the Governor Gen?tal's Affe.it, to lay Jhem before us j 'but, on the latter Cgnifying his Confent, he has promifed to fend them in, according to our Requifition. Soon after this, on his own Requeft, we permitted him to refign the Company's Service. 'Minute of Central Cla-vering, Colonel Moitfon, and Mr. Francit, dated lltb January 1775, and received in London tbe i3to of July 1775 ; containing Obfervatior.t and Remarkt on tbeGo'verr.vr Gmerari /fffea! to the Court ofDire&sn, of tke $d of December 1774. l. We had no Opportunity of making any Remarks on the Governor General's Ap- peal to the Honourable Court of Directors by the laft Ship, dated the 3d of December; nor'have we now fuflicient Leifure from public. Bufmefs to enter into and maintain a volu- miiiOKs Argument with the Governor General, concerning Meafures on which we have a'.rt^y cVl:vered our Opinion, and on which it appears to us that no new Lights haye been produced. Something however feems neceffary to be faid, in Reply to the Charges Bought ag*inft us by ihc Governor General, left by our Silence we /hould aj>F ear to a{>an - doQ A P P E N D t X, N 45- don tny of our declared Opinions, or to admit the Eraftnef* of the Governor's Repre- fentation by not difputinc it. a. Whst we have now to fubmit to the Confideration of the Court of Directors flnll be collected cl-ifeiy, and brought, it poffible, into that clear Point of View in which it may be ieen diftinCth, and joHgeo of with Precifi.in. It is not o:t' Intereft cr Inclination to perplex the Caiife depending before the Court of Directors, either with the Nicety of loeic-,1 Refinements, or with the Introduction of Matter totally foreign from the Subject* Their Attention rrny be diftracled by a Multiplicity of Words, when it is our highsft In- tereft that it flicu'd be flead'Iy fixed and confined to Things. j. The Argument againtr the Rohilla War was fully fta'ed in par lafr Addrefj. We meant to make ufc of all the Materials then in our Poff-fiicn. One important Obfer- iration, however, on the Cond >Q of the late Admin-ftration was omitted. The Gover- nor General, in his Minute of the z6th November 1773, in order to relieve his Council from the ETharrafTment they were in upon the Receipt of Suiah Do-.vh'^ Demand of the Brigade, ard in or<*er to elude that Demand without violating the Governor's private Engagement with Snjah Dowla, fortunately falls upon an Expedient, which he con- ceive? will remove all Uiffict.lt es. It is in Subftance to yield to tha Vizier's Demand, but upon fuch rigid Terms as he will probably revolt at, and as may induce him to drop all Thoughts of profecuting the Defign. 4. From theff Premifes it would neturally follow, that the hard Terms v/I-.i.h the Governor propcfes to infift on in Favour of the Company, fhbuld at lesft be new and unexpected by Svija Dowla ; yet by the Governor G;neraPi Report cf the Negotiation at Benares, it appears beyond Contradiflion, that the above Terms wre no o'.her than what the Visier himfelf had previoufly offered, upon the Condition of our y'.el _ J ing him ouf Affiftance in the intended War againft the Rohillas. The Sum of Two Lacks Ten thoufand Rupees is fettled by the Treaty of Benares for the mon'hly Pay of the Brigade, whenever they might be employed in his Service, ar.d he offers to make tlie Company a Cfnfideratipn for their Service in the Rohilla War of Forty Lacks of Rupees. 5. This being indifpuwbly the Fact, we are at a Lofs to cmip-ehend in what new Articles the fuppofed Harftinefs of the Conditions, which were to induce Snjjh Dowla to relinquish his Defign, could be underftood to haveconfifted. We have no other Difficulty in attributing this Management to a preconcerted Coilufion, but that it feems too gicfs to anfwer the Purpofe of deceiving. 6. The real Secret of tht Meafu'e betrays itfelf to us fronc. Day to Day. It is not of a Nature to be long concealed. The Vizier's Correfpondence with Mr. Haftings is well worth the Attemion of the Court of Directors. They will fee at once that many of his Exprefiions convey more than could have b;en meant for their Information. " When v)t concerted ibis Expedition ttgetbtr,"' 1 As I "was determined to extirpate the Rvkiffai, Iivtuld not It/ten to any frcjtofai'i of Peace."" Ccrfidtr, tny Friend, that it ?cas my absolute Deter. ruination to extirpate the Rcbiilai, and that 1 teq-uefted an Eiglijb Force fir that Parfyfe.'* In our Opinion it is needlefs to look for farther 'Evidences of the Nature of his D^fign, or or" the Approbation it received from Mr. Haftings. It cannot now be a Qviefton, whether from the firft he meant to extirpate the Rohillas or not j or whether Mr. Haftings waj originally apprized of that Defien in its full Extent. 7. It is not out Intention to en'er into a Refutation of the laborious Train of Argu- ments by which the Goernor endeavours to fupport the general Expediency and Jufticfl of the Rohilla War We willingly fubmit the Whole to better Judgments than ouro\rn. The only new Document intioduced by the Governor General on this Subject, is an Ex- tral of a private Letter which he wrote to Mr. Sullivan by the firft Difpatch after his Return from Benares. Our Caufe is too powerful to make it necefTary for u to difnu'e with him, upon the Weaknels and Imrriprieiy cf referring to fuch a Record in theDifcufljon of a great public Meafure. ^Let us fee svhat the Extract, fuch as it is, and fo produced, contains. 9. In Subftance it amounts to this. " That althoogrr there were Arguments \vH;h " diffuaded him from the Rohilla Expedition, yet there were others which would have " made him very glad of any Occafion to employ the Company's Forces, that fjed fo " much of their Pay and of their Expences. On one Side he fears the Judgment wh-ch " might be pa fled upon the Meafure at Ho-ne, where he fees too much Strefs laid upon " general Maxims, and thit his Word will not be taken zgainft the prevailing Opinion " of the Vizier's great Power and treacherous Deligns againft us" On the other S:ds he fta-.es, ' The Favouiabltnefs of ihe Opportunity cffired by the Abfence of the J' Marattas; the weak ftate of die Rohillas, which prcni.ftd an eafy Con^utll of th'rm j 3 E " and " and h's Iclea of the Company's Difttefs pt Home, added to his Knowledge of their " Wants Abroad." 9. On this State of the Communication of the Governor's priva'e Sentiments to his 'Friend, we obferve, that if it contains more Intelligence than he tianfmitted to the Court of Dheftors, he muft defend himfelf to them, tor communicating to Mr. Sullivan what he withheld from his Superiors. If the Communication was the fame to both Par- t;es, we know not to what Purpofe the above Extratl is now produced. The public Decla- rations of his conftant Approbation of the Rohilla Expedition from September 1773, to this Time, are as well authenticated as thofe, which before that Period he had uniformly made againft eveiy Meafure of that Nature. We date the Change of SyAem from April or May 1773. 10. We mall avail ourfelves however .cf this Part of the Governor's private Corre- {. o:v ence to prove, under h;s own Authority, that from his Knowledge of the Company's DiftiefTes both at home and abroad, he wcuid have been glad of any Occ^fion to have employed their Forces, The Company are in Diflrejs; tbtir Troops muft be employed. No Man, we think, can miflake the Meaning of fuch Declarations ; y?t when other imme- diate Purpofes are to he ferved, Mr. Haftings is not referved in his Defciiption of the' fljuriihing State of the Company's Affairs here, ani of the falutary EfFecls which his Ad- miniftration has produced. 11. In November 1773, they certainly had not yet produced thofe Effefts. Since that Time there have been Supplies of Money received from Sujah Dowla's Treafury, which undoubtedly muft have given a temporary Relief to this diftreffed Government. Admit- ting that thefe Supplies have been fubftituted from Motives of iriefiftible Neceflity, in the Place of thofe folid and permanent Refoorces, by which the Government cf a rich commercial Country ought naturally to be fupported ; we defire, thjt in an Argument, fuch as the prefent, Care may be taken to apply Effrcls to their true Caufes, and not to confound Objefts which have not even an artificial Relation to each other. An Inftance will illuftrate our Meaning. We have lately refoivtd to fend Ten Lacks of Rupees ia Specie,, to Bombay ; the immediate Power of fuppiying fuch a Sum is a Symptom of a flowing Treafury ; the Neceflity offending it in Specie is too clear a Proof that our Trade to the Weftard is ruined. A Man who underftands the Subjeclj and has no In- tcrrft in making it obfcure, will find nothing contradictory in thefe Fadb, or in the Rea- foning deduced from them. To fay that a commercial Country flouriflies when making War is the only Refource it has left, app?ars to us an Abfurdity in Terms 5 but incor.fiflenc Principles of Adlich muft of Neceffity be defended by inconfiftent Arguments, and by a different Language held at different Tinus, which no Sophiftry can reconcile. 12. In the prelent Inftance we are candid enough to give ihe Governor Notice of the Dilemma to which his own Declarations reduce him. From all that we have hitherto obferved of his Way of acting and reafoning, we are thoroughly convinced, that every Thing he fays and does, in Suppoit of what he has already faid and done, will o ly involve him in a Labyrinth of Contradictions fiora which he never can extricate hirnfdf. 13. On this Footing we are content to leave for the prefent the Arrangement of the Governor General's Condudl lefpeding the Rohilla War, and the Defence of our own. Much undoubtedly has been done, tjucd ftri non debuit. Whether that be a Reafon for cunfrming what has been done, or whether this, or many other Acls of Mr. Haftings'* Adminiftration can be confirmed 6n any other Principle, are Points which we willingly fubmit to the Decifion of our Superiors. 14.. If the Charge appears to be-now peifonally levelled againft the Governor, diftin- P''ifhed from his Council, let it be obferved, that he has voluntarily taken the whole Burthen upon himfelf. He fays, " That after a Debate of three fucceflive Days, both " Morning and Evening, the late Council at laft came to a final Agreement to leave the " Propofition of the Rt.hilla War tchim. No Two Members agreed exadlly in Opinion, ' and it was difficult to reconcile them ; whereas the Sentiments of the Prerident weie *' the fame invariably from the Beginning." 15. -In Ariel Right this Candour of ihe Governor General will be nojuftification, though in Equity it may bs confidered as fome Excufe fc-r the late Council, in alknting to Mea- fores which their Confcierces con iemrk d. But with refpect to the Governor Genera!', the Exemption he allows to his Council is fatal to iiimfelf. If a Doubt can pcffibly remain in the Mmd of any unprejudiced Perfon concerning the jeal Motives on which he has rfled ; if fuch Premifes as rlnfe, which we think ws have ei'iab ifhed by a conftant Re- ' to undjfjjutcd fnfc, can le prefeaced ia Ui; Mmd of the Cuurj o^ D.rtc,lr?, without APPENDIX, N 45. without an unavoidable Conclufion that more his been done than yet appears; In Qtori if the Proofs already extant do not amount to Demor.ttration, we, for ourfelves, have no Doubt that a iiitle Tirre will necefiarily produce other Exihnations, by which all thofe Measures which at prefent cannot te fuppcrted by oftenfible Motivej, will be com- pletely accounted for, and all Opinions on the Subject reconciled. 16. The few remaining Points of the Governor General's Minute and Addrefs to the Court of Directors, which we think proper to take Notice of, fhUl be briefly con- fidered and difmiffed, He is pleafed to point out to the Court of Directoisin what Man- ner it was our Duty to have adtetf, upon our own Principle, of adhering to * defenrlve SyfleTi for the future. To this we fay, that the Meafures we refolved on weie the Re- fu!t of Deliberation, and that our Idea of the Rectitude and Neceflity of thofe Meafuies is confirmed by Reflection. We might indeed have concerted with the Governor, in what Manner the fame Meafures might be carried into Execution with the lead Uirrn- nu'iun of his perfynal Credit with the Country Powers, and we mould probably have done to, if it had been poffible for us to attribute his Conduct to Error of judgment. 17. The Governor thankfully acknowledges the Support which he receives from Mr. Harwell, " and with the more Pleafure, as he efteems it to proceed rather from a juft " Conviclion of the Propriety of his Conduct, than from perfonal Attachment." The happy Reconciliation aliuded to took Place fome Months before our Arrival. 18. Nothing, we confefs, can be more ireritorious than a Sacrifice of private Ani- mofitiei to the public Service ; apparently no Man pofTeffes this Merit in a higher Degree than Mr. Harwell. There have been Times in which he did not judge fo favourably of the Propriety of the Governor's Conduct as he does at prefent ; we do not with to re- vive the Memory of thofe Times, much lefs to interrupt a Union, which we are bound to think can have no Foundation but the public Good. As for ourfelves, we are ready to confefs that we have no Merit of this Sort to plead to the Court of Directors. We had no Enmities to facrifice. We had no mutual Compliances or Conceflions to make to- each other. We fet out upon one Principle. We have but One Object in View ; and cannot, in any important Inftance, differ about the Means. On this Subject we /hall only add, that we are far from defiring to deprive the Governor of the Affiftance he receives from Mr. Barweil. 19. We are charged with a Refolution, foppofed to have been formed long before oar Arrival, of forcing Mr. Haftings to refigo the Government. With fome Men, we truft, that an Acquaintance with our perfonal Characters will be fufficient to acquit us of fo bafe and abfurd a Defign; with others, we are fure of being fufficiently vindicated by their certain Knowledge of our firft Sentiments in regard to Mr. Haftings, repeatedly and uniformly declared in England, and fupported by the Steps we took, on many Occafions, to remove or foften every Objection which we apprehended might arile in his Mind, from the new Situation in which he was placed by the Act of Parliament, or by the Company's Instructions, and which might have inclined him not to continue in the Government. 10. To Mr. Hidings himself our Defence is of a different Nature, but equally complete. No man, we believe, is be ter acquainted with the great leading- Motive which is fuppofed to influence and direct the Conduct of Mankind. Whenever he fhall inform the Court of Directors in what Senfe it was our real Intereft to drive him from the Government, we pledge ourfelves to prove to the World, beyond the Pofiibility of a Doubt, that no Event vhatever could be perfonaily more diftrefling to us, nor lefs for our Intereft, understanding Intereft as he does, than that which we are accufed of endeavouring to promote. i. Some Inattention to Ceremonies on the Part of the Governor in the Mode of our Reception, is fuppofed to have had a Share in creating or confirming in us thofe hoftile Refolutions which we are accufed of having formed againft him. The firft Objection \ve make to ail that the Governor has faid on th-s Article is, that it is a Defence without a Charge. We leave it to our Superiors to judge, what Sort of Confcioofnefs is implied in fo ha% an Anticipation of Charges not advanced aeainft him. 21. Our Second Objection would be to his State of the Facts, if we thought it worthy of ourfeles, or confident with the Profecution of Bufinefs of a far heavier Nature, to de- fcend to fuch a Detail. As for the reft, we hope it will be thought too much to be believed, on no better Evidence than Mr.Haftines's bare Affirmation, that we are capable of engaging in Meafures, which, if they are fuch as he defcribes them, may fubvert an Empiie, merely to revenge an Omiflion cf Ceremony, for which the flighted Conceflion Irom Mr. Hafiingi ought to have been fo fufficient an Excufe, thit we could not have de- tlined accepting it without betraying an injudicious Appearance w" Mobility to him, and sn.racinj ou:i;ivtfi. . If APPENDIX, N 45. 23. If the Charges of a perfonal Failure in the Rcfpect due to Mr. Haftings had any Fourida'ioii whatfoevet, we think it ought not to have been defcribed by fo grofs a Tctrn as tha- of a Warfare of Scurrility. The Exjireffions to which he hi'r.feif applies and con- fines that Dffcription are on Record, and referred to hy himfelf. Our Superiors will judge, whether they have a Reference to (he public Meafures of the Jate Administration, or cer- fonaily to Mr. Haftings ; and whether, (uppofing them to be dirtl:d againft Meaiures only, they were or could be too rtroi:g for the Occafion. 24. We flnll referve our Ol>fervations on Mr. Haftings's State of the Revenues for a feparare Minute. In this Branch of Information the Governor ha* many fignul Advan- tages ovrr us. The Subject itfslf requires the ftridteft Care and Attention j and as every official Lipht is either directly withheld from us, or extorted by us with Fain to ourfelves, and commonicateii with a ftudied Perplexity and Reluctance, all our Enquiries on this Head are attended with uncommon Labour. Truth however wilJ,we doubt not, ere long find its W>>.y to the public View ; and if we have any Apprthsnfion for the Confequence of our Enquiries, it is not of b'ing unable to prove even more than we have advanced or fug- gefted, but left the general State of this Country t public Eye. ,,.. . , n 65. The above Letter of Colonel Champion informs the Board of his Uor ?" having received an Obligation from the Vizier of Seven. Lacks of Rupees m , to ie for the Tioops who were employed for the Conqueft cf the Rchilla Do- minions, of Half a Lack for the Ufeof the Field Officers, and of Thrca Lacks for himfelf. At his Examination it appeared that he had informed the late Acks to the Court of DirefiotSj for the Reafons mentiontd in oar Min-Jte of the 311* of laft Month, to which we refer. 66. The fatal Confequences of indulging Troops with the Hopes of Plunder have been too often exemplified in this Country, The Rvhilla War, with refpect to the Shaie we took in it, had no other Objeft ; and to judge from the Cijrre.fpor.dence which has been JaiJ before us, it fliould feem that Plunder had er.groCVJ the Attention, not only of this Government, but of ths Army, from the Commencement of the Campaign to the End of it. We do not mem to intimate the moft diftant Reflection on the Conduijr. of the Brigade ; far otherwife ; we admire and commend the exact Difcipiine they obferved under the D.fappointment of Hopes, which it was natural enough they mould form, from the Nature of the Service. .We mean to fix our Cenfure upon the Government, which urine- cefl'irily employs their military Force in Servicec, which of courfe fuggeii Hopes and Ex- pe&ations utterly unfit to be propofed or entertained by a regular Army. 67. We c.uld wifh to avoid mentioning the Vi/ier's Letter of Con ' ft C | i P lalnt a S 3i " ft Colonel Champion, as well a that delivered by the FieK Officers in the Name of the Army ; but it is fair to fiy, that the Accu- fations which they both contain ought not to make any Impreffion, a Colonel Champion has not yet had Time to deliver in his Anfwer to either. He lia given a direct Contradiflion to the Vizier's Afiertions, which the Colonel calls infamoua Untruths. j--ff-p ' &3 We find by the Vizier's Letter, that zcoo Stand of Arms and p J - S Two Eeighteen Pounders were fent to the Vizier, wi;Ji Stores, by Mr. Haftings 5 and that Major Hannay was appointed Agent to receive Nud- jift'Cawn's Penfion of Two Lacks. 6g. We have each of us received Letters from the King and his Minifters, complaining of the Detention of his Tribute, and demanding the whole Arrears dae to-him. As In- dividuals, %ve might confine our Anfwers to the ulual AfTurances of Refpeft and Attach- ment, referring the Sutjecl of His Majefty's Letters to the Council. As Members of the Government, we find ourfelves laid under an extraordinary EmbarraiTment, by the Refolu- tion of the late Government to reftore 10 NudjirF Cawn his P-cfion, which by the Treatjr cf 1765 was to be paid out of the Twenty-fix Lacks granted to th^ Kipg, in conlkUra- tion of the Grant or the Dewmnee to the Company. 70. The Letters received by General Claveiing from feveral of the Company's Military jLjlj- r p Officers ertrufled with feparate Commands, will be found very dcferviag edi ' ot Notice. They contain Accounts of militatv Expeditions and HoKiltics carried on againft a Number of different Rajajis and Zemindars, without any Authoiity from the prefent Government, or any direct Communication to us of the Plan or Execution of them. Moft of thefe Meafu'e? appear to have bren directed by the Provincial Chief's of Patna and Burdwan .'cme Time after our Arrival here. In feme Places the Raj-hs are reduced to Obedience, and give Hollages. In many others, the En f s Villages are burnt and the Corn cut down ard dcilroyed. Enfign Scotr f having received Orders from the Chief at Patna to fehe or expel Rajah, Shaw, purfues him into Sujah Dowla's Dominions, and makes Three of the Vi_ 3 * zi;r' APPENDIX, N45. . i zler's Subjects Pnfoners of War. Captain Crawford, by Offer of (he Chief Capiam O f flurdwan, entered Patcoom on the 5th of laft Month, "with Six Companies * of Sepoys, took the Capital, levelled the Town, and cleared the Country, in order to make the Pod tenable. On the gih he attacki and drives the Natives before him, after which the whole Country ffd into tb: Mountains : He fays, he is endeavouring tofow DiJftKi'wn among their Chiefs, fa as to induce them tofubmit t or enable h:m -with eafe to root tbem out. 71. We do not pretend to determine at prefent, whether Meafure" of this Nature be neceflary or not ; but we think it very extraordinary that military Expeditions of fuch Importance, and leading to fuch Confequences, fliould be undertaken, not only without the Orders, but without the Knowledge of this Board. We are forry to be obliged to conclude this Article with declaring, that, as far as we are able to judge, the general Principle which feems to have animated this Government, as well with refpect to the Natives of the Provinces as to the neighbouring States, has had too near a Relation to the expreflivc Words fo often made uie of, exlirfa'c, exterminate, root out, and annihilate, 72. The Remainder of the Obfervations which we are at prefent enabled to make on Mr. Haftings's Reprefentation of the State of this Country, is referved for a feparate Minute. Our Enquiries hitherto have been directed, and, as much as poffible, confined to great and interefting Objects. Our Application to them has been equally laborious and inceffant. To obtain that complete Information which we wifli to give to the Court of Directors on on all thefe difficult and complicated Queftions, requires not only uncom- mon Activity on our Part, but feme Allowance of Time, in which it may be exerted with Effea. 73. If we had Leifure or Inclination to enter into Details of an inferior Importance, we are very fure, that there is hardly a Line of the Governor General's AddiefTes to the Court of Directors, in which we might not eafily detect and prove fome Inaccuracy in Matter of Fact, or Contradiction in Argument. We decline the weary Talk, not only becaufe we think it unworthy of us, but as it is really in itfelf unneceiTary. Facts of a tranfcendent Magnitude ought toengrofs our Attention. Wiien once they are eftablifhed teyond Contradiction, they include the Probability of inferior Abufcs, and at the fame Time make it fuperfluous to pufli the Probability into Proof. 74. Neither fliall we endeavour to leffen the Effects of thofe Appsals which Mr. Haft- Ings indirectly makes to the generous Paffi )ns of the Court of Directors. " His long " Services, the important Trufts in which his Life has been employed, his Gratitude for the Obligations already laid on him-o-and h's profound Submiflion to their future * Sentence." If our Judgment of every fingle Branch of his Adtniniftradon, fmce the Power of doing fignal Mifchief or fignal Service to the Company was entrufted to him, ihould appear to be well-founded, we fliould b? forry to preclude him from the Ufe of the only Refources which his Caufe will have left hiro. If Ple^s of this Nature can be properly introduced arid admitted in the Refutation of pofitive Charges, we are content to allow him all the Benefit he can derive from them It is not for us to fay, that a Mode of Defence, which feems rather addrefled to the Mercy than to the Juflice of the Judge, is irregular in Mr. Haftings's Situation. We indeed have yet no Services to plead. On the other Hand, we do not apjeal to the Candour of our Superiors ; nor can we attempt to engage their future Favour by a pathetic Acknowledgment of f rmer Qjligations. _ .. , , 75. The true Condition of this Country cannot bs concealed. Effects Condition c ,e wi]1 be felt ^^e they are accounted for. When that happens, we forefee no Difficulty in determining by what Means, and by wr.ofe Mifcondutt, a rich and flouri/hing State is reduced to the Hazard at leaft of Beg^ry and Ruin. The great and alarming Qoeftion will be, by whofe future Ssrvces, and by what future Exertion of Virtue and Ability, fuch a State can be recovered ? Common^ Men are not equal to the Occafion, J. Clavering, Geo. Monfon, P. Francis. APPENDIX, N 4 j. Minute (No 2.) from General C!avenr,g, Colonel Manfon, and Mr.Francii, dated at Fart William, tit lltb January 1775 ; received in London the i8r July 1775. I. In confidering the prefent political State of this Country, we beg leave to d>aw the Attention of the Court of Directors to fomc Particulars which we think of Momenr, yet which, we fear, may pafs unobferved amidft the voluminous Records fent Home by this Ship. ft 2. By the King's Letters to Mr. Haftings, entered on the Country Cor- vr"!!) ' i refpondencs, it appears, tnat Sumro, Maddock, and Redman, are taken into the Service of Nudjiff Cawn, and are high in his Favour : that he has w 'ffr encouraged them to feize the Pergunnahs belonging to ihe Royal Khalfa; * n> and in fliort, that Nudjiff Cawn has thrown off his Allegiance, and it ... p .. eftabliftiing a Kingdom for himfelf. To this Man, let it be obferved, the n Adminiftation has reftored a Kenfion of Two Lacks ftr Annum, granted to !r " him formerly in very different Circumftances. 3. There is an apparent Inconfifteney in the Conduct of the late Adminiflration i . , T , , regard to the King's Tribute, which we believe will be very difficult to *^ng s 1 :. account f or ._The whole Tribute allotted to the King by Treaty is withheld from him fince he quitted Illiahabad, on Pretence of his having changed _ the Piace of his Refidencej yet an Order, or Tuncaw, from his Ma- caw * jefty, in favour of the Vizier, to the Amount of Six Lacks of Rupees, was paid in April laft, and charged to the Account of that Tribute, to which, as the late Adminiftration muft fay, he has forfeited his Right. The Penfion raftered to Nudjiff Cawn comes out of the fame Fund. We fubmit it to the Confideration of our Superiors, whether thefe Operations do not amount to an indirect Acknowledgment of the King's Right to the Arrears of his Tribute, and on this Head we hope to receive their precife Inftru&ion;. 4. Let it be farther obferved, that the Vizier acquits Part of his Engagements to the Company, on the Head of Pay due to the Troops fent to his Affiifance in 1771 and 1773, with the very Money paid him out of our Treafury ; fuch was the Care taken by Mr. Haft- ings of the Company's Intereft. The natural Conclufion at firft Sight of thefe Fals muft be, that Sujah Dowla has been very improperly favoured by the late Adminiftration at the Expence of their Conftituenis ; yet even that Conclufiot) perhaps would not go entirely home to the Truth. We doubt whethsr Sujah Dowla's Profit from this 1 ranfadtion, was intended to have been fo confiderable as it appears. 5. Another Inconfiilency in the Conduft of the late Government towards the King C'.ems to delerve fome Notice. They firft refume the Poflefiion of his Country, under Pretence of keeping it in Depofit for him; next they affirm, that by changing his Re- Cdence (from which however he was not retrained by Treaty), and, bypranting Sunnudt to the Marattas for Corah and Kurrah (which it is wtll known were extorted from him . , , . by Force), he has forfeited his Right to Diflridl in queftion ; they then fell 01 nis the King - s country to the Vizier at a little more than Two Years Purchafe, and give the King no Credit for any Part of the Purchafe Money. 6. A Defence of fuch Me,afures, founded on urgent Neceflity, will not juftifjr the In- cor.fiftency of the Meafures, though it may account for the unavoidable Cruelty and In- juftice of them. Admitting, however, the Plea of Necefiity in its utmoft Extent, we defire it may be confidered, to what Ruin this State muft have been reduced, when fo ftronga Necefiity is pleaded and afferted as can be fufficient to juflify fuch Meafures. This being confeffedly the unhappy State of Things in the latter Part of the Year 1773, ij: will be incumbent on Mr. HaiUnes to prove, that fome extraordinaiy Change in the Company's Affairs has taken Place fince that Time, which has reftored them to their prefent fi'jur'ijhir.g and prcfperoui Condition. He muft then (hew, in what Articles this fudden Alteration conlifts, ou by what Means it has been effeded. 7. The Vizier's Letter to Colonel Champion contains an abfolute Denial of all De- pendence on, or Connexion with, the King, and a Declarition equally plain of his ftric"l Un : on with Nudjiff Cawn. Fiom all that we have heard or obf<-rved on this Subject, we are much inclined to think, that they muft have entered into fome lecret Engagements for their mutual Aggrandizement, perhaps to depofe the King, and to divide the Empire between them. 8. It farther appears to us, that Cheyt Sing, the Rajah of Benares, has not received jny real Protection or Favour from this Government. The Court of Direftors are slreadj $U*t V ^ F informed APPENDIX, NO 45. Informed, that foon after the Death of his Father, Rajah BuUvant Sing, he was con firmed in the Succeffion to the Zemindary by a folemn Aft of the Vizier, for which htf was obliged to pay a very fufficient Confederation ; yet when Mr. Hayings went up to Benares, it was thought neceflary that Cheyt Sing fliould fubmit to new Terms, in order to obtain a Confirmation of that firft folemn Ad, and to iecure him in his Government. The Remainder of our Negociations in his Favour, as well as many other Pa'ts of the Politics of India, is involved in a Cloud of Obfcurity, which yet we ooubt not a little Time will diipel. 9. By a Letter from Nudjiff Cawn, received the lyth of November laft, we learn, that an Army of Sicks has made its Appearance in the Neighbourhood or Shaw Jehana- bad, and that a Maratta Army is preparing like wife to march for that Quarter. Nuoj.ff Cawn adds, I perceive by this, that great Troubles are likely to arife, as was formerly " the Cafe." J. Clavering, Geo. Monfon, P. Francis. Minute (N. 3.) from General Clavtrtng^ Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis, dated at Fort Wilham, lltb January 1775, received in London tie l8tb Juty 1775. 9. We have already made fome general Obfervations on the Nature of" the Services on which the Company's military Forces have been employed. Our Information on this Sdbjecl is not complete, as we have not yet feen the Correfpondence between this Go- vernment and the Officers employed in military Operations in Ramgur, the Jung v- terry Country, and Coch Edna*-. All that we know is, that military Operations l.ave been, and are ailually carrying on in many Parts cf the Frontier Country, without the Authority of this B a-d. 10. The true and juft Objeft of all Expeditions of this Sort, flioulJ have ben mere'y to check and keep in Aw-, by the oecafiona! Prefence of a military Forc<>, foch of the Mountaineers, and other Inhabitants of thofe Frontier Diftrifts, as had been accuficrnH, or were lik'h to make Inroads into, and difturb the Peace of our Provinces. The People we fpeak of are net, however, in fo wild and barbarous a State as they have been re- prefented. The Accounts we have heard of them imply in general a Condition of Induftry and Simplici'v of Manners, united with a natural Defire of Independence. To lubvett the State, and much more to extirra'e them on account of the Licenticufnef; cf a lew diforderly People, is neither net efTai-y nor expedient. 11. As for the trifling Revenue which may have been broughtto the Company's Account 5n confequence .-f ths Subj^fti^n of thefe CounTie?, we only defire that the Comoany's Accountant may compare it with 'the ord'nary and extraordinary Expence of theTroors tin* plowed in thefe Expeditions, and rriake h s Report of the ultimate Profit to the Company. At the fame Time, we do not mean to affirm, that thefe Connnies have not yielded much more confiderable Sums th? n what has been brought to public Account ; or tf.-r r t e various Expeditions inti them have not been profitable in any Senfe whatever ; or that, under a regular Form of civ- 1 Government, the Accuifi ion of thele Diftr.fts, if ic could be ga-ned without Violence or Injuftice, might nor become highly beneficial to the Ct.rr.pany. The tirft T'nii)', however, is to confult the Population nd Improvement of " ihuie im- jnenfe Traces of rich Land, which at prefent we undeiftand Le uncultivated, and deferted in the Mififl o* trie!- Provinces. II. From what has already been written on the Subject of the Vizier's Debts to the Company, toe Court of Directors wj;l be able to form a Ju^grrent of the Probability of their being acquitted. Our moft (irenuous Endeavours (hall not be wanting to realize the Amount of our juft D-mands on the Vizier; but we mnft Hefire that the Company will not reckon fuch Debtj amcnc rnpir aftual Wealth, unt.l they area>u^lly paid. ' JJ We alto flefire that the following- Fafis may be at:e:ided to. ift Colcne! Chaj pion declares, that he has received no Part of the Forty Lacks for the Rohilia War. ad. Mr. Gratiy was to have received Fifteen Lacks of the Vizier, on account of the Trraty ot Benares ; he hs brought down wi h him but Ten Lacks of Vii-ery Rupees; the remaining Five Lacks were to have been paid by the Rajah of Berai-t-s. W^y they have not been paid, might perhaps appear from Mr. Nathaniel Midiiltton'r Con-elpondcr.ee with the Governoi , but m Explanation whatever has been givtn to the Board. To foew the Court of Direct rs, that we h?ve done every Thing in our Power to obtain H fatisfaftory Information on this Subjeft, we beg kave to refer them to our L'tt^r >o Mr, APPENDIX, N 45. Mr. Secretary Stewart, entered on the laft Confutation, and to Mr. Grady's Report thereupon. 3d. Mr. Nathaniel Middleton fays, in bis Letter to the Governor of the 21 ft December 1774, that he has got the Fifteen Lacks into his Poffeffion, hut does not fpecify upon what Account. We prefurrte it muft be on account of the Rohilla War. 4th. Confiderable Draughts havi beert made on this Prefidency, on account of the Par of the Second Brigade, which was to have been completely provided for by th; Vizier's ninthly Subfidy. We have fren Draughts on this Account, to the Amount of above a Lack and a Half. We have already apprized the Court of Directors of the Nature of the extraordinary Chaiges (beyond the Amount of the Subfidy), which we apprehend muft be borne by the Company, and confequently fet againft the promifed Profits of the Rohilia Wa*. Mitute of tie Gt-verr.ir Gtneral, dated loth January 1775, containing Remarks on the Letter written by General C/avering, Colonel Manion, and Mr, ttancit, to the Honourable Court of Dircfl^rf; dated the 30*6 November 1774. Received in London , i%:h July '775- " 4. The Court of Directors were a.iifed V.y all the Difpatches of the Year 1773, that our Forces had been employed in the Rohilia Co'untry in repelling the Invafion of the Marattas, which threatened the Safety of the Vizier's Dominions; and they were advifcd by the Difpatches of the izth October 1773, by the Mercury Packet, that a Propofal had been made bv the Vizier, and actually encouraged by the iat Council, to put him in poficfjion. of that Country ; but that it had been laid afiJe by the V'eier himfelf, and refervcd to be " determined by future Occurrences." The Court of Directors therefore had certainly fiifncient Grounds for the Kww'eJge of the new Syflem of external Policy which the late Adttiniftraiion had adopted, if by the new Syftem is me^nt, the Extenfion ofthe Com- pany's Arms beyond the Line of the Vizier's Ttrritoiy for its Security; and fvfficirnt Gioimdsto fitffef? the Defign of reducing the Rohil a Country for the Vizier, if that ba the Syflem alluded to. 5. If thsfe acre the Sentiments ofthe Mjomy, if fuch was their Idea of " the Clia- " ral?ri of their Colleagues," and fuch their Determination to " unite in the Suppnt " of my Adrniniftration," to ' cultivate the Friennihip and Confidence <,f their *Coi- " leagues, and to promote a general Harmony in our Councils," what could have h.:p. pcned in fo ftort a Space as Five D.iys, wriich had been, as they exprefs it, totally engroffed by the Firft Forms and Multiplicity of inftant Bufiftefs, to eradicate thsir too P4i;ial Opinions ? to determine them in a Subverfir-n of all my paft Meafures, ?nd my future Authority ? to preclude every Avenue of petfonal Confidence, and to fow the Seeds of irreconcileable Difcord and Difunion in our Councils ? They found this Government engaged in an Enterprize which they difapproved, an.1, without informing thrmfelves fully of the Objects and Circumfiances of it, without making any Allowance for Errors in the Judgment of others, cr fufp^cling them in their own, they at once condrmne4 the entire Meafare, and fet down the Authors of it for Marks of unceafinu Pcrfecution. 9. No Expedition was infended, and therefore it \v<>? net ,iec fory to include it in r^ie Tri-ity. " The Sale of Curah an3 Illahabid, tfte -ii on w'.iicrr the Com- " paoy fhall yield him the Afliftance of their A r ms." 1> rhiv rh- Laneu^ge of Candour? and is it i-i thefe Expreflions, v.hich r.o hing but the rroft mercenary Proftiiu'icn of th? Company's Arms'and Influence can juflify, thtj am to read the unbounded Cor.ridence which the Momfc.-rs of the Majority r< po!t d in the integrity, Wildom, and Ability which had gu-d?d the Mrafures of the late Adrr.'in'.ftration ? They knew of the .Sale of Corah, and or the p:y Terms on which the Company were to y.eld the Vizier the Affiftance of their Arms before they left England, ?nd they certainly approved of both, or it is not probable that they fliould have re.ained th; ft'on-? Itnprefliotii which they had received of the Characters of their Colleagues, and o* 'h: W.f'om and Ability with which the C si- pary's Affairs we^e conducted under the lats Government. Brave anrt 'en and eniire for the Decifion of the Boaid ?" If thefe Circumftances Juki APPENDIX, N 45. bad fome Weight in the Judgment of the Board, it does not follow that they were jfr'/5/fr* Engagements. The Word jtaet is next ufcd, furely not for candid Purpofes, and is ?p- pliei to my having withheld fiom the Court of Directois Information reflecting the R - hilla Expedition, when I had no Information to communicate to them, but that the Ex- ped'tion was laid afide. In the Strictures which the Ge-itlemen of the Majority make upon paft Tranr&iom, having a complete View of every Thing that has happened, the Realon upon Events wi tx refpect to my Conduct before they had taken place, and feem to condemn me for not hav- ing feen into Futurity. When the Vizier, aft:r being fo eager to adopt the RohiHa Ex- pedition, all at once gave it up, although he had conceded Part of the Terms upon which it was to have been undertaken, it did not appear to roe probable that he would have re- newed the Propofal, or that future Circumftances, not lyirg within the Reach of human Forefight, would happen to recommend it. But the Gentlemen of the Majority, know, ing that the Rohilla Expedition was afterwards adopted, accufe me for not hiving entered into a full Difcuffion and Explanation of that Subject, at a Time when I had little Reafen to expect that it would ever take place. I certainly thought it pofiibie ; a.nd this if ti e plain* Meaning of the Words u'ed in my Report upon the Subject, viz. " That t*.s Measures to be purfu;d for his Security in that Quarter muft be determined by tuta;e Occurrences." That is, if the Rohillas would pay the Forty Lacks duef:om them, and join in a Scheme of defenfive Alliance with the Vizier, the Meafure to be purfned for his Security in that Quarter would be, to afford the Rohillas Protection. If, on the contrary, they gave Encouragement to the Enemy, or refufed to pay toe Forty Lacks, the Meafures to be purfued for his Security in that Quarter would be, to drive out the Rohillas, and reduce the Country occupied by them within the Line of his Do- minion. 13. In my Minute of the 6th of November 1773, I had explained my EmbarrafTr.ent with refpect to the Expectations which I had given trie Vizier, that the Project of the Rohilia Expedition fbould meet with the fame favourable Difpofition in the late Govern- ment to encourage if, whenever it could again be with Prudence refumed, and he rfeiirtd it. I had expreffed alfo my Doubts of the Expediency of engaging in fuch an Undertaking, while the Current of the Times rendered the fl ghteft Deviation from the beaten Trad} of Affairs perfonally hazardous to our Reputations. The Board adopted thefe Sentiments in the following Refolution. " The Board, after due Confederation of the Matters in Reference from the Select " Committee, and of the Prefident's Reprefemation, concur heartily in wifting to avoid " the Expedition propofed. Without entering into a Diicuffion of the Propriety of fuch " an Enterprize on general Principles, the Board fee in their full Force all the Circum- " fiances of Doubt, as to its prefent Expediency, which the Prefident has fo clearly f?t forth j " and thty are alfo fenfible of the Embarraffment which he lies under, from what paffed " on the Subject between him and the Vizier at Benares. They are equally felicitous to " fave the Honour of the Company, and watch over its Intrrefts, and for that Reafon " they approve of the Letter now before them, which feems equally calculated to fave " both. The Conditions, if accepted, would undoubtedly fecuie the greateft poffible Ad- " vantages from fuch an Enterprise ; but they appear to them more calculated to drive " the Vizier into a Refufal, which is what they truft in, as its moft probable and ahr.oft " infallible Confequence, and which thev wifh for, as the proper Refult of this Pcppo- " fition in the prefent Circumstances cf Affairs." Let this Minute be compared with the ihort and mutilated Extract of it as it {lands in the Letter of the Majority, and they will be found to convey the moft oppcfite Senfes. An uninformed Reader, who fhould take his Knowledge of this Tranfaction from the latter, would conclude, that I had urged the Meafure folely on the Ground of the Promife which I had made to the Vizier, ana on the Hope that the Conditions which I had pro- pofed were fo hard as to induce him to reject them ; and that the Board had aflei:tea to it on no other Confidwations, even while they declared their Difapprobation of th; M-afure. The Fact is, that the Board refted their Wifh to avoid the Expedition, folel? upon their Doubts of the Confequence* which might perfonally affect us, at the fame T:rr,e that they were lenfible of the Advantages it would fecure to the Company. T'at I had Caufe for my Belief that the Vizier wculd reject the Conditirnr, if plain, fince the Vizier did actually reject them, although the Encouragement offered h'on t>y the Succefs of his Operation in the Doaub, and the total Inability of theMarattai t-> in- terrupt him in his further Purfuits, induced him afterwards to declare his Acceptance of them. 14. No, The Board wiftied to decline the Undertaking for the Reafon which has been before repea'ed ; but it furely was not necelTary that they Ihould fruftrate the Succefs of it, if it did take pli:. This Precaution was taken to enfure its Succefs, and to prevent any Interruption wh'ch it might receive from the Rains, if it was delayed till their Approach, which would have happened had the Board required a Repetition of the App'icatiun to be made to them for the March of the Brigade, when they had already expreired their Af- fcnt to it. 16. " We had rather attribute the apparent Changes in the Vizier's Refolutions to the " Duplicity of his Character, than fuppofeit polftble that the Hrefident was from the firft * acquainted with his real Intentions, and th*t he made ufe of Anifipar, from the Evidence of Mr. Nathaniel Miadleton's Letters, and from the Examinations of Colonel Leflie and Major Hannay, ftroiigly corroborated even by the Letters and Depofitions of Colonel Champion, the Vizier's principal Accufer, that he has been unjuftly traduced in the Reports which prtva:ld, of the Enormities committed by him in theCourfe of the War. I believe it to be a Truth, that he btgun it by fend- ing Detachments to plunder. This I pronounce to rune been both barbarous and im- pol tic, but too much juftified by the Practice of War eftabliihed among all the Nations of the Eaft ; and, I am forry to add, by our own, in an Jnrtance which the Vizier has a Right to quote in Vindication of the Charge againft him, of a Detachment employed in the War, in which e were engaged with him, in the Year 1764, to burn and ravage hij Country. It fell to the Lot of Colonel (then Major) Charrpion to execute this Com- miflion ; and how wcil he difcharged it, arid how little his Feelings were at that Time affeded by the fame Se rtpt-ib-dly !o;:ci!ed, to controul, and in effect to command the Vizier. I pretend not to look mt , the Hearts of othi-rs j but I exercife the Right allowed to all Manki.,?, of judging of In:er.t:nns bv Fact> ; and 1 appeal to Colonel Champion's Correfpondence with the S^!t.ct Committee a. r ;d the Board, for the Grounds on which I form myjudgmcnt, and on which every Man who reads them may judge for himfelf. The Letter above alluded to is as follows ; Extraft APPENDIX, No 45. Extract of a Letter from Major Champion to Henry Vanfittart, Efquire, dated so'h June 17-4. " Two feparate Parties have been fent into the Enemy's Country, the One of which " was as high up as Bux.ir, and, according to the Directions given ir.e, there are " deftroyed upwards of a Thoufand Villages. Had not the Rain, &c. prevented us, " which occafioned our Return, we fho ;ld have done very confiderable more Damage. I " am now marching on the Borders of the Diva to the Boundary of the biicar Country, " to endeavour to bring in the Zemindars, as not One of them of them of any confidei- " able Note has yet came in, nor has a Rupee been collected from this Country. * The Cruelty with which the Vizier treated his unhappy Prifoners form the Second Charge aga.nft him. It is not even, afferted (except in the Initance which J mall pro- ceed to in the Third Charge), that they (uttered by attual Violence, but that they were ill fubftfted j and I believe this to be true. Mr. Nathaniel Middleton, whofe Letters con- tain the ftrongeft Character both of Candour and Truth, fays, that the Vizier did allow them too moderate a Subfiflznre, and that ill-ferved } his Commands, though frequently repeated, being in this, as in every other Initance, ill obeyed. The Third Charge is indeed of the blackeft Dye ; of " Brutal Outrages offered to " the Wives and Daughters of the Rohillas, though of the higheft Rank." The only Authority which the Gentlemen of the Majority had for this horrid Accufation, at leaft 1 recoiled no other, was a Letter from Mr. Nathaniel Middleton, who mentiontd it only as an I aft ante of the Falfehoods which had been propagated to injure the Vizier j adding, that the unhappy Victims of his brut il Luft, who could not furvive their Shame, but had r ut a violent End to their own Lives, were ftill living ; ami that the Vizier had never Jeen them. Colonel Champion's Anfwer to the Queflion propcfed to him by the Board en this Subject, namely, " Whether he had heard the Report, and if he believed there ' were Grounds for it ?'* is a ftriking Inflance of the little Inclination he had to (heiv Favour to the Vizier j but amounts to the ftrongeft Conviflion of the Falfehood of ihi abominable Hiftory, He faid, " He did hear fuch a Report, but as to the Grounds, he " h'd none fufficient to prove the Accutation ; but the Report was made to him." The Charge of 'opprefling his new Subjects has alfo been levied againft the Vizier, and totally refuted by the Depofit.ons of Colonel Champion, Colonel LefliCj and M-'jor Han- nay, who all declare that the Country enjoyed, even in the Ke ght of the War, a State of perfect Tranquillity. 19. This contains a Charge againft me for Suppreffion. In Anfwer, I fay, thatthefe Details, if Declamations are Details, hav. appeared long ago in Colonel Champion's Let* ters to the Select Committee, complaining of -he Cruelties exercifed by the Vizier; and in the repeated Calls which they made upon him to produce the Inttances of them, which he replied to, by repeating the fame Declamations j but pronucmg no Inftances, at leaft none which, in my Judgment, can wrrantthe final left Part of his Invectives againft him. The following is his Reply ; Extract of a Letter from Colonel Champion to the Si!et Corrrnittee, dated izth June 1774*. " In compliance with the Board's Drfire, I am now to mention a very unpleafing Sub- " ject. The Vizier's Treatment of the Famil) of Ha'.ez Rhamut, &c. the Inhumanity f and Difnonour with which they, Mahibullak Cawn, his Brother Fizullah Cawn, late Proprietors o' this City and Co'in'ry, ard 'heir Families, have been u(ed, is known all over thefe Pars. A Relation of them would fwejl ihi Letter to an immoderate Size, and wi hal prove very difdg.recable Reading. 1 fend yon Traijfiaticns of Two Letters, and Copy of a Third, wiiicii, -itTci.ung as they are, will convey but a faint Idea of the Treatment thefe unhappy People have met with. " I could not help compafliona:ing fuch unparalleled fvitfery ; and my Requefts to the Vizier to (hew Lenity were frequent, but a frnitlels as were thofc Advices which I al- mait hourly gve him, regarding trie Deftruction of the Villages ; wich tefpect to which, I am now conflramtd to declare, that though he always prorriied as fairly as I could wifh, yet he did not obferve one of them, nor ceafe to overfpread the Country with Flames, till Three Days the Fate of Hafez was decided. But, Gentlemen, ji in * Seka Committee's Proceedings of the id July 1774. " all APPENDIX, N 45 . mil Painfs, excepting fttcb as immediately reff>ctf the Operation in tie Field, hi iifoltly tmw " faiveied so prejcribt, the Reputaton of tne Btitifti Name is in his Hands, and the Line " which has been laid down tor me is very clear. " Ttie above Families have be;n difpatched to Fyzabad, that their Maltreatment might " 0ot be fo generally known to us j I have however frequent Accounts of them, and it ' will give me the moft fenfible Pieafure, that you ftretch forth the Hand of Benevolence *' efteftua:ly to relieve them from fo indefcribable a Mifery. And that you may the " better devife ihe Means of fo doing, without fubjecting th^m to greater Misfortunes, I ' am to inform you, ihat every Application of mine in their Favour, though profeffedly " taken in good Part by the Vizier, yet only fervid to procure them more rigorous *' Treatment." The Two Letters which he enclofed are too long to extract ; they are inferted in the Confutations referred to in the Margin*, and will be found to contain no Proofs. ai. Although it is not material to prove what Part of the private Corrffpondence of Colonel Champion and Mr. Nathaniel Middleton were withheld from the Biard, when I ba>e publicly refufed to communicate it, yet it is of Confequence to me to refute Mifre- prefentaticns. I never arTerted, that my chief Reafon for withholding the Correfpondence vas> '< That they reiaied to a Difference between the Vizier and Colonel Champion." My declared Reafon for withholding this Cotrefpondence was, that I could not in Ho- nour reveal it j and in relation to Colonel Champion's Letters, I added, that " I thought " 3 greater Degree of Delicacy due to him, becaufe our Correfpondence had not been always coroial on many Points, and we had feveral Times expostulated with each other " on thefe Topics with the Freedom of private Friends, and in a Style, which, though ' cL cent in every Degree, is yet different perhaps from the formal Addreffes of official *' Correfpcndence." 26. To blacken my Conduct, and to excite Indignation againft me, Facts have been perverted, Mifreprefcntations employed, Infinuations thrown out of the blackeft Perfidy committed by me, in Acts neither known or even alluded to, and opprobrious Epithets ami Irmctivej applied to the Meafures of which I had lately the chief Direction. In- fiance* of all thefe Kinds of Arguments occur in this ih >rt Paragraph. It is a Perverfion of Paris to fay, " That the Britifh Arms and Honour were abfo- " iutely at the Vizier's Difpofal ; that an abl'olute Surrender has been made of the Ho- " nour and Interefls of Company." We agreed to affift him in fubduing the Rohillas. It was neceffary to draw the Line between the Authority of the Vizier and our Command^ ing Officer. The Service to be performed was entirely the Vizier's ; it was therefore con- fiftent and unavoidable that he ftiou'd direct the Objects of it ; but the Execution of mi- litary Operations was exprefsly vefled in our Commanding Officer ; of coutfe the Safety of >ur Army, and the Honour ot the Britifh Name and Arms, were entirely confined to his Conduct and Direction. It is a Mifreprefentdtion to fay, *' That the Vizier dared to tell the Prefidency that he is the Majler of the Company's A'my." His Words, in a literal Tianflition, which was made made by myfelf, and is alluded to in this Expremon, are thefe j " But I am the ' Mafter in thefc Afhi'S. and the Power of retaining or difmiffing the Engli/h Army is mine;" an idioma ical Expreffiun, perpetually occurring in the Company's Records, and msaning impl ; , that the Brigade was not to May or depart without his Confent.r- \Vnat foJJows is puie l.ilinuation and inapplicable Abufe. 1 quote the PafTage to prove it. " Confounded by Appearances which we are unable to account for, we look in vain for " oftenfible Caufes adequate to fuch Effedls, and confels, that every Enquiry that we make " fill? us with equal Diffidence anc Surprize. We Ihall not however anticipate any Con- *' jefturfs which may atife in \our Minds, when you review the whole Conduct of this dark and myftcrious Bufinefs from firft to laft, and reflect upon the abfolute Surrender which has bren made, with fo little apparent Compeniation, of your Honour and In- * tereft to the vindictive or capricious Projects of Sujah Dowla." "What are the Effects which fill them with equal Diffidence and Surprife ? What Bufi- nefs is it which they call dark and m)fterious ? 'Who made an abfolute Surrender of the tlonour and Interefts of the Company? No one. I look in vain for the NecelTity which impelled the Majority to deviate into (uch Reflections for the Juflification of their Con- duct, in recalling the Brigade at the Crifn of the War, and in diffolving he Appoint- rnent of my Agent at the Court of the Vizier j but if ' The Juftification of their Con * Select Committee's P.ueedings of the ift July 1774, APPENDIX, NO 45. " du& can only be fupported by a flrong and deliberate Cenfore of the preceding Admi- ' niftration," this Mode of exciting the Pafiidns and furprifing the Attention, which is calculated :o iway with uninformed and insttfncive Readers, I truft will not influence the Judgment of thofe, who are to decide both upon their Conduct, and that of the preced- ing Administration. 28 and 29. Thefe Paragraphs feetn to contain fome criminal Charge ; but I profefs I fcarce know how to apply them. They did arrive on the 191(1, but too late for Bufinefs and without the Packet. We did meet on the loth, and fpent the whole Morning, at they fay, in fettling the Proclamation of the new Government, which I fay too, ought not to have been a Matter of much Debate. At my Defire we adjourned to the Monday following, Mr. Harwell not being arrived ; but it w.is not till the next Day, Tuefday the 25th, that 1 gave them any Light into the political State of the Country. Why their Si. tuation, during this Interval, was anxious or difgracefu) I cannot conceive. There was only a Vacuity of Two Days, Friday and Saturday, and thefe not unemployed by me or them. I w*s wholly occupied in all that Time in preparing the Firft Points of Bufinefs neceffary for their Inr'or nation, namely, the State of the Revenue, and Situation of our political Afta'rs, The firft required fome inttant Determination, and was brought on the Firft on Monday, and the Debates on it took up the whole Time of that Meeting. The laft, which required no immediate Refolution, was brought on Tuefday, b-Jt might with equal Effedt have been totally wi'hheld, as the Members of the Majority came prepared with a decided Refolution to reprobate the whole Syftem, and to take the fpeedieA Mea.iure3 to overturn it in the very Grin's of its Accomplishment, 39; This is not a fair State of my Argument, wh;ch I defire may be taken in- my Words, in the Minute of the z6:n November 1773, not in this Mutilation of it. I never conceived the Rohillas to be ivtak, divvied, and defenctleft j rhe Words fo connected convey the Idea of utter Dilability. I fa d, they were too weak to be a Match fingly oppofed to the Vizier ; that their J-aloufy of him would therefore ever make them ready to arm themfelves againft: him j and that they would feek their Safety in involving the Vizier ia Wars with Powers more fornvdaole than themfrlves. 40. To this Opinion of Colonel Champion'; I fhall f.ibjoin the following of General Sir Robert Bi'ker, which 1 conSder as at leaft equal Authority. " The General agrees with the Pre' ; dent, that the Vizier's Dominions would become " compaft, and not fufficiently open to Invafion. It is from the Apprehenfion of Inva- " fion that cements the Vizier's Friendfhip with the Englifh, and makes him that (launch " Ally we find him." My own Opinion upon this Subjetft is very fully explained in my Remarks on the 4td Paragraph. 41. This Me'hod of fcparating the Parts of a Propofition, and refuting them fingly, without adverting to thsir Relation with each other, is new and erabmalling. I own that the Convemsncy of pofiiffing the Rohilla Country wa?not a furficient Reafon for invading It. .1 never faid it was; but if they had afforded a juft Provocation' for invading their Country, and we faw Advantages in invading it, though neither Caufe was alone fufficient to produce chat Effect, yet both united would certainly juftify it, and the moft rigid Specu- lator would approve fa fair a Conclufion. I hope I fliall ftand acquitted in the Breafts of all reafonable Men, for maintaining the Opinions quoted againft me in the Conclufion or" this Paragraph ; but I adopt it even in the Words of my Opponents } and if I am " The Cbitfof a great State," ailuded to by them, 1 Ihall be always ready to " profe.s that Id > reckon the probable Acquifrion of " Wealth among my Reafona for taking up Arms againft my N.-ighbours." i never, ia any Period of my Life, though long engaged in public Affairs, gave my Confent for taking up Arms in inunjuft Caufe; and I never /h.il. but in Cafes of very notorious Enormity, giv -my Confent to take up Arms in an unprofitable One. r . r , 4z. The Anfwers which have been ^iven by Colonel Champion, Cc- Coionel Lenie' loRel Lefi ' e> and M ^ or Hinna ^. to tlle Q^ efti ns put to them by the -? ? n Ie ' Board, a: onci clear up the O'ifcurity, and reconcile what appears to the '* Gen:lemen of the Majority Contradictions in that Part of my Minute, refps&ing the Acquifition of the Rohilla Termory to trie Vizier. Ic has been afked th^m, if they thought the Marauas wouid venture to crofs the Ganges, and enter the Robilla Country, w >en an Englifii Amy was re>idy to oppofe them; to which they have all anfwered, they did not tnink thy would ; and if they did, that they could not retreat without the Loft of their Baggage? Therefore I fay, that the Vizier's Poueffjoas bj this Acquifition make a REP. V. 3 G complete APPENDIX, N 45. etmplett State, fiut In effi&uaily from foreign Invafitns, if he has an Englifli Army to affifl him. It has alfo been aik-d thefe Officers, if they think, that without our Afilftance the Vizier's Army would prevent the Marattas from croffing the Ganges and entering theRo- hilk Country ? to which they have anfwered.Thatthey did not think it would j and there- fore I fay, that this Acquifition, by bringing bit Frontier nearer to tke Mara:ias, for -whom Jingly be would be no Match, renders him mare dependent on ut. With our Aid the Vizier's State, joined to the lately acquired Country, which are both bounded by the Ganges, and the Northern Range of Mountains, form a complete compact State, Jbut in effeSually from foreign Invafiom. But without our Aid he cannot bring a Force into the Field capable of defending it ; and therefore this very Acquifition renders him more dependent upon us. A Fort may be impregnable with a proper Garrifon, which might be eafily affaulted and taken, if there were not luitable Troops to defend it. n f n A 44" ^ ne R- u P ees f tne Currency of Owd have a fixed Standard. ' The Rupees received by Mr. Lambert in Paym-nt of the firft Sum of the Treaty Money, were not all of the Currency of Owd. The Difference is certainly due from the Vizier, and ought to be demanded. It will appear, I believe, upon Exa- mination of the Paymafter's Accounts, that the Rupees received from the Vizier, on Account of the Monthly Subfidy for the Troops, have yielded ju Cunent Rupees per Cent. 45. I am informed by the Paymafter General, that the Difburfements of the Troops which marched to the Service of the Vizier, during the Three Firft Months of the Campaign, the fubfequent Accounts not having been yet received, amount as follows: For February 1774 - - 206,069 9 o March ditto ... 260,752 14 6 April ditto - - 246,376 i 7 Current Rupees 713,158 9 i Vie' Car That ' s u P on a ^ e ^' um Current Rupees 2,37,733, which is lefs than t R ne the Amouot due ty m y Eftimation for the Monthly Subfidy. The Hiie of Boats, and the Price and Conveyance of Stores and Field Equipages, are as much a Part of the Military Difburfements as the Soldiers Pay, and are included both in General Barker's Eftimate, on which the Amount of the Subfidy was fixed, and in the above Diflsurfements. Mr. Nathaniel Middleton's Allowances had nothing to do with them } he had no Military Charge, and his Appointment even preceded the Order for the March of the Brigade. The Troop of Cavalry was not railed exprefsjy for this Service, but propofed and raifed long before this Service took place, for the Purpofes of a Guard to the Governor, for occafional Service againft the Seneaffies, and for Attendance on the Commander in Chief when the Army took the Field. I am aftonifhed to find tTie Charge of recruiting added to the Increafe of Difburfements occa. fioned by the Brigade being employed in the Northern Countries ; it is from thcfe Countries that all our Recruits are raifed, and the Expence of bringing them into our own Provinces has always been confiderable. This Expence is faved when the Brigade fin recruit upon the Spot. 46. My Minute was not written for the Information of the Gentlemen of the prefent Adminiftration, but to inform the late Council of every Circumftance and Advantage attending the Rohilla War, with which they were not before fully acquainted. The Ground of Quarrel had long fmce been confidered by them, and was notcrioufly known tobejuft; it had furnifhed the Occafion of my Journey to Benares. To have entered on a Matter in which we were all agreed, would have been multiplying Words to no Furpofe. 48, 49, 50. In anfwering the fecond Objeftion to the Rohilla Expedition, as ftated in my Minute of Appeal, I have endeavoured to defend the Conduft of the late Admi- niftration from the Charge of Inconfiftency. I will only further add, that I think .even the Extracts which the Majority themfelves have made from their Letters, will fuffice to vindicate them from the Accufaiion. They at firft fteadily refufe to co-op;rate with the Vizier in any Operations beyond the Limits of his own Dominions. In the mean Time the Marattas reduce the Jaut!, invade the Rohillas, and threaten Cora. Their Power becomes daily more alarming, till at length the Council refolve to prevent them fiprn gining a Fooling, either in the Corah Country or the Robilla. They fay they are impelled APPENDIX, N 45. impelled by indifpsnfable Rfafons to become Parties in thefc political Contefls 5 but at the firre Time lament that it is a Drain of the Wealth of this Country, nd cannot be productive of any Advantage to the Company. Afterwards, fuch Engagements are made with ihe Vizier, as procure Advantages to the Company, and prevent the Drain of the Wealth of Bengal ; and then the Objections which they before lamented no longer fubfift. With refpsct to attacking in 1774 the very People whom we had defended in 1773, both thefe Meafures tended to one uniform Object, the Pievention of the Ma- rattas from efiabli/hing ihemfclves in tint Country. 52. The Chafm in my Corrtfpondence with Colonel Champion will now be fupplied, as he has engaged to furnifh the Board with all my Letters to him ; and I fliall with equal Fidelity lay ail his before them. The Suggtftions excited by the Chafm in this Part of my Correfpondence will vanifli with the Perufal of them. S3> 54> SS 56- I pre.ume I have fufficiently obviated all the Reafonings of thefe Paragraphs in my Minute of Appeal. 57. This is a partial Quotation, and the Inference drawn from it invidious and un- candid. I deteft and defpife all profeffional Reflections as illiberal, and-the Effects of a malevolent Heart, or a narrow Underftanding. My focial Connexions have lain as much, if not more, in the Military than in any other Line; and I know many of that ProfeUion whom I love and honour for Qualities which would have equally entitled them in my Efteem in whatever State of Life I had found them. Let my Minute be read (it is too long to be inferted), and it will appear that my Objections had no Relation to the Military Character of the Officer who might be in the Command of the Brigade, but to the Power which that Command conveyed with it, and which cf courfe gave hint an abfolute Controul and Sovereignty over the Vizier, if every other Avenue of Com- murjication was cut off between the Vizier and this Government. My Objection would have been the fame, whatever might have been the Profefiion of the Perfon intended for fo unconstitutional a Truft ; and I prefume that fuch were the Reafons which impreffei the Major! i y of the Board with the like Conviction of the. Propriety of employing an. intermediate Agent, in a Line independent of the Military Commander, for the Minif. ten'al Agency with the Vizier. Co. " We held it beneath us to enter into Refutation of loofe Invectives, or general " Insinuations. Look to Facts, Gentlemen, and we ars convinced you will find, that it is your civil Servants who have involved the Company in orTer.nve Wars, and ia " Schemes of Conqueft by which no public Intereft could be promoted." This and the concluding Sentence of the laft Paragraph have much the Air of " Infinuauons, thrown out to the Difadvantage of the C:vi-' Branch of the Service," and with great Injuftice. The Fact is (fince Facts are appealed to) that the Propofition of the Rohilla War came fiom the Vizier and General Barker ; a Circumftance of little Importance, but as it ftands properly oppofed to an Affertion too peremptorily made, finCe it was intended to brand the Objects of it with Infamy, unlcfs it had been grounded on certain Knowledge. 63. " The Fact, however, differs from the Reprefentation." I believe not. The Date of this Treaty is no Proof of Mifreprefentation ; nor can I underfland what this Charge alludes to, fince the Facts afferted in this Paragraph are undoutediy true, except One, and prove the Truth of my Reprefentation. The Exception which I mean is to the Aflertion, " That the Marattas have not fince renewed their Invafion of the Rohillas." They invaded them the next Year, and were driven off by General Sir Robert Barker, who was accomoanied by the Vizier and his Army. 64. The Paffage of the Letter of the Select Committee, from which this Quotation it taken, was exprefled allufivejy, nut in the Terms of an Affirrration, and upon a Subject totally different from the prefent. The Words are thefe: ' Yet we judge that the Ro- " hillas, ivba have fought their Safety in an Alliance with th: Marattas, to which they " were of Neceflity compelled, woulj, when left to themfelves, attempt at leaft to re- " eftabliftt their own Independence." This Quotation, will be better underftood by the Words of the original Minute of the Select Committee, in their Proceedings of the yth January 1773, of which it is an Abftract, Intended to convey the fams Sentiments in their Letter 19 the Court of Di- rectors. " It is however ftill more probable, that the Rohilla Chiefs, who hare fought * their prefent Safety in a treacherous Alliance, to which Necelfjty compelled them, with " the Marattas, will from the fame Principles abandon their Caulc, &c. 3 G * The APPENDIX, N 45. The Selefl Committee in thefe Reflections aimed only to prove, that the Fears of the Vizier were ill-grounded, when he fufpected that the Rohillas would abandon themfelres wholly to the Marattas. The Idea of juftifyinji the tiearhen us Conduct or" the Rohillat never had a Place in our Thoughts. We confidered the Rohillas as acting merely on the Principle of occafional Conveniency, or temporary Neceflity ; uniting at one Time with the Enemies of the Vizier, either 10 avoid a prefent Danger apprehended from them, or to diftrefs and divert him from forming Defigns againft their Security $ and at another Time uniting with the Vizier to oppofe the lame Energies, when their Succefles became an Object of greater Danger to them than the fufpected Intentions of the Vizier, and he \could repel them. This is confident with the Opinion which I have always declared of the Roh'.lla Policy; and when that Policy is manifefted in Acts of open Perfi-iy, they cerfain'y become " 7tf " jufl Objects of War and Conqueft," though not on " Vindictive" 5 rinciples. 65. It would have been little confident with Prudence in the Vizier to pofTefs himfelf of the Dominions of the Rohillas, at a Time when the Marattas were cspsMe and at . Hand to difpute it with him, and his Protection of th* Rohilias was necefiary to defend that Avenue to his own Dominions; and as little confiftent wirh Equity to take that Ad- Vantage of their Diftrefs, becaufe they had not at that Time afforded him Provocation for it. 66. We are not bound to affift the Viiier with our Troops for the Defence of any Part of his Dominions, fliould it be incompatible with our own Security ; and on this Principle I apprehend the Board would decide, in any Requifition* which might lw made to as by the Vizier for our Affiftance, as far as may be confident with our own Security. I am clearly of Opinion with Mr Baiwell, that it will be politically neci-ffary to proteft the Vizier's new Dominions, if he (hall be at any Time unable to defend them by his own Force; which is not very likely to happen, unlefs the AfTurance of the Neceflity of a Neutrality on our Part fliould encourage the Marattas, or any other Power who may be- come equally formidable, to duett their whole Strength againft that Qjarter, piefuming r.n their Superiority to the Vizier's Forces alone, and unfupported by ours. But I am clearly of Opinion that fuch an Event is not likely to happen, if it is believed tht our i Forces will march to oppofe them. In this Opinion I am fupported by thofe delivered by Colonel Champion, Colonel Leflie, and Major Hanr.ay. in their Examinations before the Board on the and ulto. If the Company's Intereft requires it, and no Caufe forbids ir, I fliall not look for the Obligation of a Treaty to compel my Aflent to it. 67. " The Firft of the above Meafures (i. e. the 'urchafe of Corah and Illahabad) et neceflarily makes the King your 'Enemy." It probably has produced that Effect, which we have not felt, nor ever (hall. He owed his E-iltr.ce, and all the Power and Wealth hs ever poflefled, to the Britifh Generofry, and he repaid it with Acts of Hoftility. EuE why are Objections at this Time raifed againft the Purcbaje of of Corah and Illahabad ? Right or wrong it is pair, it is irrevocable, and has not 'ven the fliphteft Connection with the Meafures of the Majority, unlefs on the Principle fundamentally laid down by them, that " the JulHfication of their Conduct can only be fupported by a ftrong and de- " liberate Cenfure of the preceding Admmiftration." To the Opinion of Colonel Cham- pion, quoted in this Paragraph, I beg leave to oppcfe thofe delivered by himfelf, Colonel Leflie, and Major Hannay, in the late Examination to which 1 refer. 68. " At the Rifk of making all Hindoftan your Enemies." This is a new Confe quence, drawn from the Support afforded the Vizier, and too portentous to be affirmed or admitted, without a Reafon produced in Support of it. 'I cannot gutfs at any, and cannot therefore anfwer it. 69. I have already faid, thst the Cefli-n of Corah and Illahabad, which is fliled by the Majority a Sale, a Put chafe j and the Subfidy fixed for ths Maintenance of our Troops while employed rn the Defence of our Ally, whi have branded with the Appella- tions of pecuniary Terms, and tiring oat the Troops, Src. were known -to the Gentlemen of the Majority before they left England, and at the Tiir.; in which they profefs themfelve'l to have been " impreffed with the higheft Idea of -he Wiidom and Ability with which the " Company's Affairs had been conducted under Mr. Haftigs." Wnile it united their prefent Purp'ofe or Faflion to favour the Meafures of which I had the Conduct, the moft exaggerated Applaufe was not thought to over-rate then, ; but the fame Meafures are now become the Subjects of their Ridicule, and the Ruin ot the Britifh Interefts in Bengal u inferred from their Effcb, " bsciuie the Jui'uikatwa of their own Conduct can oniy APPENDIX, N4$. be fupporteJ by a ftrongand deliberate Cenfure of the Mcafures of the late Admlniflrs- '' tion." The Reafons which have been alledged for the Sale of Corah and Illahabad have not been controverted ; I believe they never will, and I (hall therefore pafs over rs ls Subject as decided ; but it may be neceffary to fay fomething in Vindication of the Stipulation for the monthly Subfidy, againtt the newConftrudtion which has been forced upon it, and the In- ferences deduced from it. By the original Treaty forrred with the Vizier in 1765, we are under Obligation to afiift him with our Forces whenever he required it (with the Re- ferve already mentioned), and he is obliged to pay the extra Ex; ence. This Fngagement has proved a Source of vaft Expence to the Company, and made the Vizier's Alliance a Burthen to them. It compelled them to keep up a larger Force, at an Expence exceeding the Proportion of the reft, than the Defence of their own PufTeffions required, and they de- rived no o remove this heavy Load, it was pro- pofed to raife the Subfidy to the full Amount of the Expence of a Brigade, eftimated at what it ought to be, This was effected by the Treaty of Benares, and at once removed all Objections, placing the Alliance between the Company and the Vizier on a Ground of reciprocal Advantages, and at the fame Time rendering the employing bf the Company's Arms an Objefl of Intereft inftead of Difadvantag*-. The Subfidv is not new, nor an Aft of the laft AdmiftratioiK It has its Foundation in the original Alliance with the Vizier, but the Modification of it has been improved; the Sum paid in 1765 for it wjs 50,000 Rupees per Month, and it is now fixed at 110,000, which is juft Seven Times the firft Amount. Here I cannot omit making One general Reflection, which occurs in reading the Addrefs of the Majority, which is, that their grand and principal Objection to the Meafures of the late Adminiftration, feems to be, that we allowed the Company to acquire any pecuniary Advantages from our political Arrangements. The ceding of Corah and Illahabad to the Vizier is objected to as a Safe, becaufe Fif'ry Lacks of Rupees were ftipulated to the Com- pany on that Account. If we had given up thefe without any Confideration in Return this Objection could not have been made. The Subfidy for defraying the whole Expence of our Forces employed with the Vizier, is reproachfully ftiled hiring them. If the Vi- zier had only paid the extra Expences, it would then have been lefs reproachful ; but if we had made the Company pay the \vhole Expences, in the Language of the Majority it muft then have been entirely irreproachable, and we fhould have adlej for the Glory of the Eritifh Nation. Our Agreement with the Vizier concerning the Rohilla War is diflio- nourable, becaufe the Conditions were mercenary and pecuniary ; that is, the Company were to acquire Forty Lacks of Rupees from it. HH there been no fuch Acquisition to the' Company, the Majority would have withheld thefe dilhonouraMt Epithets. Upon thefe Pcims I leave the Company to decide between the Sentiments of the Majority and the Motive? which influemed ourCcnduct. If I have exprefled the Opinion alcribedto me in thele Words, " It is highly ufeful to " the Company to hire out their T'oops to Sujah Dowla, in order to fave the Expence of " their Pay, and to pre'crve their Discipline, by ke^p'ng them in the continued PraBice " tf War ;" which Words, by the Line drawn under them, I fuppofe to be mine, I hereby retra-ft and difavow it. I am of Opinion that the heft military Eftabli/hment will Jofe its Spirit ani Discipline by long Jnation ; that it is neceffary to both that the Troops fhould frequently take the Fkld, and not enjoy too long an Interval from active Service. This Maxim I have often avowed, and I believe upon Record ; but a continued Practice of War is fuiubie only to a piratical Srate, or an Herd of Savages. The Refutation of this Maxim is extraordinary. " We fear the Time is approaching very faft when the India " Company and the Nation will know the Ex'ent and feel the Force of it;" and this is called, (peaking plainly, and apprising the Cirr.pat-f of their Danger. 70. The Paniculats of this Paragraph, which appear improperly introduced on this Oc- cafion, have either been mifunderftood or mifreprefented. If it has been admitted in Coun- cil, " That the Plan for letting the Lands h in a great Degree mifcarried, and that this " Country is unable to bear the Expencs of the Inveftmtnts, together with that of the " civil and military Eftablifhments," the Admifi'on is no: founded in Troth. The Plan for letting the Lands IMS not mifcarried, and is ftill in our Opinion the befl which could have been adopted. VViut Deficiencies have ha. pe ;ed in it have proceeded from eventual Caufes, which have been fully explained, and which no general i'laa could preven'. It has been laid, that this Country was unable to bear the currfnt Expences of ihe civil and miliury Efiablifliaiefl.s, to furaith the CaoJf*n;'s Inveftment', and Supplies of Treafure for APPENDIX, N45. for China and Bombay, and to pay off a Bond Debt of near a Crore and Thirty Licks, accumulated in the Courfe of former Years, without a Reduction of its Expences, and an Addition to its Refources. It was for this Reafon that fo much Pains were effectually taken by the late Admini- flration to retrench the Current Expences, and that their political Meafuies were fuctefs- fully calculated to furnifh additional Refources. 71. The employing of our Troops wi'h the Vizier does not fuppife the Deftrutfion of Wationi, but, on the contrary, the Prefervation of them, at leaft of his Country. The cxprefs Purpofe for which the Vizier can by Treaty apply for our Troops, is for the De- fence of his Dominions, and that moft probably againft the Marattas, for there is no other Entmy likely to attack them. Colonel Champion, Colonel Leflie, and Major Hannay, have given it as their Opinion, that fmce bis Acquifition of the Rohilla Country, this would be effected by our Army only appearing in his Support, as the Marattas would not dare to crofs the Ganges if they were oppofed by an Englifh Army. The Confluence is, that as often as the Vizier was under Apprehenfions of Invafion, he would call for our Troops, and we would have it in our Power to eafe the Company of a Part of their mi- litary Expences. It is true that this Refource is temporary ; but I hope the Difficulties of the Company will alfo prove only temporary. It is to remove them that we have propofed thefe Expedients, and every Expedient which leffens their Difburfements, and adds to their Refources, muft contribute to produce this Effect. r , f 72. This Paragraph I fhall reply to in the Senfe to which I underftand it ~' " to allude obliquely. The Conqueft of Agra was eroded by Nudjiff Cawn, ,. er . *p ,. affifted by fome Sepoys of the Vizier. Major Polier, who had been em- ployed by the Vizier, with my Permiffion, in conducting the Works of Fyzabad, had Charge of thefe Sepoys, or fome other occasional Command ( I forget what) given to him by the Vizier, and he was prefe/it at the Siege. This Government nei- ther affifted nor countenanced the Conqueft of Nudjif Cawn, Cnce the Reduction of Agra was attempted and accompli/lied before our Interference could have availed on either Side. V iT'f Kli *^y Wifhes, however, I own to be favourable to Nudjif Cawn, becaufe ' I believe him to be ftrogly attached both by Inclination and Intereft to the Company, and a Natural Enemy to the Marattas, Had I the fmalleft Idea of its be- ing poffible that theVizier fliould become an Enemy to us, this would be an additional Mo- tive with me for wifhing to maintain a conftant Connection with Nudj.f Cawn. 73. If I underftand the Scope of this Argument, and I declare that I mean not to mif- conftrue it, it aims to prove, that if the natural Refources of Bengal have failed, the Exiftence of the Britifh Empire in India is at its Crifij, and the Attempt to fave it by ex- ternal Remedies, which are unnatural, will but precipitate its Diffolution. Surely tfcii is not a juft Way of Reafoning. If the internal Refources of a State fail it, or are not equal to its occafional Wants, whence can it obtain immediate Relief but from external Means ? which, in the prefent Cafe, will certainly afford that Relief, and prove the fureft Aid to thofe lenient Remedies which the Wifdom of Government may apply for the Re- froration of its conftitutional Vigour. No Concealment has been ever made by me, or by the late Adminiftratkn, of the true State of this Country. Our Advices have been ho- neft, full, and explicit. We have told our Employers that we had encountered great Dif- ficulties, and that we hoped to furmount them ; and I truft that they will already have feen thefe Hopes in part realized, and ample Grounds afforded to look for the Eftabliih- tnent of a confirmed Syftem of Government, and of commercial and territorial Refources in Bengal, which it hath hitherto wanted. Such a State it is yet capable of receiving, although it may fuffer, as I fear it will do, an Interval of almoft Two Years loft in Anar- chy and DiftraUon. The folemn Affeverai Jon at the Clofe of this Addrefs, as it contains no Argument, requires no Anfwer, and mould pafs unnoticed by mej if it were not that fuch a pofitive Pledge of their Honour, and every Thing that can be dear " to honed Men," may fway with many in Oppofition to all Reafoning ; and I muft confefs it appears to me to be introduced wish a Viewto this Effect. I muft therefore exprefs the Surprize I feel, that the Gentlemen fhould tazard fo facred a Pledge upon the Truth of Facts, fo various and unafcertained, that it is impoffible for human Reafon to decide on many of them ; much lefs for thefe Gentlemen, to whom the Subjects were entirely new, to receive, in fo fhort a Time, fuch Information as they could affirm, upon a Pledge of Honour, to be Truth j and in effect it wJll ap- pear from the above Remarks, that they actually have been miftaken in many of the Fjflt and Inferences ivblib rt.'ate is tie Stattoftbt Comfanj't/ffiiirs, For myfclf I will declare, that. APPENDIX, N 45; that, with certainly a fuller Knowledge of the Circumflances than they can poflibly have attained, and with as earneft a Solicitude to abide by Truth, I will not venture to pledge my Honour, that rror nd Miftake may not have a Place in what I have written ; but I vOill make this facred Pledge of my " Honour, and every Thing that is dear tome as an " honeft Man," that my Endeavours, boih in my Minute of Appeal and in thefe Re marks, have been to free my Conduft, and that of the late Adminiftration, from the Mifreprefentations which have been caft upon them ; and, by a fair Statement of the Mo- tives and Eftectsof our Meafures, to lay the Truth before our Employers, and enablethem toiiecide with Juftice between us and cur Accufers. Having finished my Obfervations on the feveral Arguments made ufe of by the Gentle- men of the Majority, in iheir Letter of Appeal, I think it necefiary to conclude with, one ftriking Remark, which is appofite to the whole Subftance of it j namely, That al- though it is piofeffedly drawn up for the Defence of their Meafures, and the Condem- nat'on of the late Adminifir were the fame that the Vizier himfelf had pre- inc majorn s v i ou fl y O ff erc d f or O ur Affiftance in the intended War againft ihe Rohiilas, and that, of courfe, the rigid Terms which I had faid it was probable the Vizier would revolt at, and drop all Thoughts of profecuting the DeGgn, had no Ex- ifier.ce. In Reply, I defire that the Three Artic!es of the Original Draught of the Treaty which was formed when I was with the Vizier at Benaies, containing the Firft Conditions on which it wa propofed to afijft him in the Reduction of the Rohiilas, may be compared with the Draught of the Letter dictated to be written by the Vizier, and containing the Conditions on which it was refolved, in November 1773, toafiift him in .hat Enterprize. The former will be found in my Minute of Appeal, in Page 39 of the Triplicate accom- panying this, and the latter in the Proceedings of the late Select Committee, da'ed the sad of November 1773, and in the Proceedings of the Board, in their Secret Department, on the a6th of November 1775. Thefe will fhew the Difference of the Conditions pro- pofcd, which confift in this efTential Point, That the Conqueftofthe Rohilla Country was the Criterion which eftabli/hed the Company's Right to the Stipulation of Forty Lacks in the Firft Inftance; and in the Second it is agieed, That the Forty L. believe, thai the Recli- tude of ourConduft has been fupported by a Train of pofitive Arguments Efficient to eftablifli ir, independent of that ftrong and deliberate Ce< fure which they > cccliarily fix t>n the Meafures of the late Adminiftration, But we arc not the Ju^gti in our own Caufe, and willingly fubmit every Part of the Queftion between the Governor General and ourfeives to an higher Authority. 5. Befwe APPENDIX, N 45. 5. Before wt proceed to thofe Obfervations, which we hope will fftablim a pofitivc Defence of any former Opinion delivered by us with refpcct to the Rohilla War, let us clear the Ground. 6. The Governor General, without enquiring into Facts, or without sflcing us an ob- vious Quezon, which we fhould immediately have anfweted, takes it for granted, that the Contents of the Dilpatches fent to England by the Mercury Packet had been com- municated to us by the Court of Directors, and th>t we were thoroughly informed (as far as his Report of the 4th of October 1775 could inform us) of the Nature and Extent of his Negotiation with the Vizier at Benares. On this gratuitous Suppofition, he founds many aferious Argument againft the Sincerity of our profeflfed Prejudices in his Favour, and 1 very juftly concludes, that we could not be in earneft, in declaring, that we came into this Country impreffed with the higheft Idea of the Wifdom and Ability with which he had conduced the Company's Aff.tits We admit the Conclufjon to be juft and re/- gular, bw we deny the Premifes. The Difpatches by the'Mercury were received but a few Days before we left London, and were never communicated to us by the Court of Directors. The following "Extract of a Letter we wrote to their Secretary, Mr. Mitchell, from Spithead, dated the gtri of A^ril 1774, will, we hope, convince the Governor General, that we had at that Time no Reafon to alter the too partial Opinion which we had formed of his Character and Conduct ; as we failed in Three Days after, it was impoffible for us to receive an Anfwer to that Letter. " We thi"k h very neceflary to inform you, that among the feveral Letters contained *' in the Company's '. acket directed to us, and intended for our particular Ufe, we do * not find Copies of the laft General Letters, either from Fort William or Madras, or any Extracts from them, except One Letter from the Revenue Department at Fort " William, which relates fclely to th^ Bank. We are therefore entirely unacquainted " with the actual State of the Company's Affairs at Bengal, and upon the Coaft, where, ' neverthelefs, as we undeifiand from private Intelligence, fome very important Events " have lately taken place. Copies of the above Letters weie particularly defired by us, and we were in'ormed, that we flionld be favoured with them . We now requeft that they may be fdrwarded immediately to the Company's Agent at Portfmouth, who " will either fend them off to us, or return them to you, in cafe we fliouid have failed " before he receives your Packet." 7. Thus far, we ptefume, the Governor's implied Charge of Infincerity in our firft Declarations is completely anfwered. The Court of Directors are already fuffuiently in- formed at what Time, and from what Caufes, we found ourfelves obliged to relinquish our earlieft Opinions in Mr. Haflings's Favour, and to adopt others diametrically op- pofite to them. We now beg leave to go a little farther than we have yet done in the Explanation of our Sentiments on this Subject. 8. If it had been ptfiible for us to have feen the Difpatches by the Mercury, or if the fubfequent Proceedings of the late Adminiftration, in regard to the Rohilla War, could have been known to us before we left England, we are very much inclined to think, that it would not on!y have fhaken our Opinibn of Mr. Hdftings's Character, but have deterred us from engaging with him in any Shape in the Government of Bengal. 9. As for the Treaty of Benares, it is true we had heard that Corah and Allahabad were ceded to the Vizier, but we neither knew on what fpecific Condition*, nor any of the Circumfraices that attended and might have jufii/Kd fuch a Meafure. The Word Sale, we apprehend, it the only ons thatcan.be properly applied to the Terms agreed on with the Vizier, for putting him into PoflVfTion of the King's Demefne. Of itfelf it implies nothing difhonourable to either Patty, unlefs we annex to it the Idea of felling what is not our own, without the Owner's Confent ; in that Cafe, the D. /ho- nour, if any, is exclufivdy fixed upon the Reprcfentatives cf the Company ; the Pur- chafer has no Share in it. 10 Our Remarks on fome particular PafTiges in the Governor General's laft Volume fcail be as fnort and diitinct as pollible, Itft they fliouid (well into the lame alarming Size. * Copies and Extracts were fent by Exprefs to Portfmouth :h: nth of April 1774, but the AiTib-jrr.ham had failed a few Hours before their Anival. The I4th of April 1774, they were difpatched after the Afhbutnham to Madeira, but being tee late, were returned from thence unopened, 3 H 1 Man? APPENDIX, N* 45; Many of his Objections are already anfwered In our preceding Minutes, which he had not an Opportunity of feeing or confidering when he wrote that of the icth of January. We will not weary the Court of Directors with ufelefs Repetitions; if our onfavourable Reprefentation of the prefent State of Bengal has been exaggerated, the Evidence of Factt will foon come forward and convict us ; in the mean Time, we refer the Coort of Directors to the Anfwers given 5n by Meffrs. Middleton, Dacres, and Vanfittart, to the Queries pro- jsofed by Colonel Monfon, concerning the internal Scate of this Country. We prefurne it could not be the Object of thpfe Gentlemen to condemn the Meafures of the late Ad* miniftration, fince they themfelves made Part of it. Let their own Reprefentatiou of Facts be confidered. Mr. tiajl'it>i?i Mlr.ute of the ipth January 775- Par. 10. Brave and Independent are Epi- thets, not very confiftent with the Defcrip- tion given of the Rohiiias in the 39th Pa- ragraph. Par. to. The Rohiiias are not a Nation, but a Tribe of Freebootets, who conquered the Country about Sixty Years ago, and have ever fmce lived upon the Fruits of it, &c. The Rohiiias are Mahometans, the Natives jre Hindoos. Par. ii. The Majority, in mentioning the Deficiency in my Report on the Rohilla Expedition, fupprefled the Particular related >/ 'me, &c, Par. 13. Let this Minute be compared with the iaort and mutilated Extract, &c. Par. 1 6. I am forry to fee the Names of Clavering and Monfon fobfcribed to fuch un- worthy Infinuations, bfcaufe I do not he- lieve, that even the Heat of Party Conten- tion can & far have warped their Minds from Remark. 11. The Description referred to is, that they are iveak, divided, and dtfcr.celefs, and that they live in Dread of a fuferiar Nttgb- Isur. Their Independence was eftabliiried by their having treated for a Courfe of Years with the neighbouring Power*, particularly with the Vizier, and tven with the Repre- fentatives of the Cotrpany, as an Indepen- dent State; as fuch they have been hither- to acknowledged. 12. Admitting the Fafls, we fay, that the Rohiiias were Lords of the Country by Right of Conqueft and long Poffeffion ; we add, that they governed it with Lenity arid Mo- deration, as clearly appears by the fiourifbing Condition in which our Army found it. If a Defect in their Title, or a Difference of Religion, be of itfelf a fufficient Ground for invading fuch a State, we defire to know on what Principles Mr. Hailings will de- fend the Right of the Britifh Empire to the actual Sovereignty of thefe Provinces? As this Queftion evidently leacls to others, which may not only affect: his Duty as a Servant to the Company, but his Allegiance as a Sub- ject, we defire him to be very cautious what Anfwer he makes to it. 13. The Particulars referred to are con- tained in a fliort Paragraph of Mr. Kaft- ings's Report of the 4th of Oaober 1773 (Copy of which was annexed to our Firft Minute, N i, of the 30th November 1774), and the Report itfelf was already before the Court of Directors. We apprehend that any Paper annexed to a Difprrch makes Part of that Difpatch, otberwife every Docu- ment muft be inferted in the Body of the Letter. 14. The fame Obfervation applies to the Resolution of the late Select Committee of the z6th November 1773, of which we en- clofed a complete Copy. 15. It is with the utmoft Degree of Aflo- ni/hment we perceive, in the Governor Ge- reral's Obfervations on our Letter to the Court of Directors, Intimations and Sug- geftions injurious to car Reputation and Ho- APPENDIX, N" 45. Mr. Hajiirtgi's Minute, from theConfiderationof that Juftice, which every Man of Honour will yield to the Ko- nour of others, as to make them really be- lic-vc me capable of fo bafe an Artifice as they have imputed to me, without the fiighteft Ground to fupport it, 1 will not tnfwer it. Par. 16. I do not believe that even the Heat of Patty Contention, &c. Par. i?. An Appeal to the Paffione is an Infult to the Undemanding. Remarks. nour. We call upon him to manifefr, in what Inftances we have deviated from the Sentiments therein delineated, and what Shadow of Right there is to fuppofe, that the Names of Clavering and Monfon would be affixed to Declarations inconfiftent witb their Sentiments and Opinions. Such Iri- finuations may fometimes have the Eflfeft intended oh the prefent Occafion ; but with Men of Honour will ever be treated with the Difregard they deferve, J. Clavering. Geo. Monfon* As I am not charged with having fet my Name to anyThicg which 1 did not really be- lieve, I flnll make no other Objection to this Paragraph, but that it feems to have a Ten- dency to divide me from thofe Men whofe public Principle* I adopt, whofe public Meafures 1 avow, whofe private Characters I refpect, and to whom I have the Honour to be uofitrd, not only in the Support of public Ivtc-afures, but by the ftrongeft Ties of perfrvnal Regard and Efteem. I vcll not accept of a Compliment from the Governor General, or any Man, that appears to be exclufive of General Clayering and Colonel Monfon. P. Francis. 16. We prerend not to Icolc into trie Hearts of others, but we exercife the Right allowed to all Mankind, of judging of In- tentions by Fact!,/ 'Vide Mr. Haftings'i Paragraph iS. 17. We cannot sffent to the Truth of this Aflertion, if it "be meant as a general Propofition. In many Cafes we are con- vinced, that the Appeals which deferve the moft favourable Attention of the Undr- ftanding, are thofe which find Accefs to the He?d through the Medium of the Heart. True Policy, trueWifdom, does not indifcri- rriinateJy rejeft fuch Appeals. But fuppoling the Propofition to be true to its utmoft Ex- tent, we at leaft have a Right to expecl, that it iliall be impartially applied. Mr. Hatting*, in his Addrefs of the 3 d of December, which regularly fiiould have contained nothing but a Defence againft a, Charg?, takes Care to remind the Court of Directors " Of his former Services, of " his Reliance on their Juftice, of the Con- " fcioufnefs of his own Integrity, of his " Willingnefs to devote the Remainder of ' his Life to their Service, of his Deter- " mination to fubmit without a Murmur " to their Sentence, nor ftould the Seve- " rity of it make him lofe the Senfe of Gratitude which he feels, and owes to the f,fr. HaJKrtzt'i Mivuit, Remarks, '* the Obligations already laid upon him, " &c." Is this an Appeal to the Jufticc of his Judges, or is it an Infult to their Underftnding ? i8< The Accounts we gave of the Enor- mities pracYifed by Sujah Dowla, during the Conduft, and after the Decifion of the War, were founded on the Authority of the Commanding Officer of the Britifh Forces, on which we ftiil implicitly rely ; at that Time certainly we had not the lead Shadow of Reafon to diftruft it The fol- lowing private Letter from Colonel Cham- pion to Mr- Haftings, dated the lo'-h of May 1774., will, we apprehend, completely vindicate the Truth of this Part of our Reprcfentation. As it is now upon Record, we have an uuqueftionable Right to appeal to it, Dear Sir, " Biflbulee, loth May 1774. " I have the Pleafure to fend Jou a fliort Addrefs for the Boatd, r-queftirg Permifiion " to repair to the Prefidency ; and I beg you will not fail to prefrnt it, as fooo as credible " Accounts fhall arrive of any Officers being on the Way t . Bengal to take the Command ' of the Army. Not only do I wifh to get dowft as foon as pofiible, to put my little Affairs in ' the beft Order for my Return to Europe ; but I muft b candid enough to unbofom *' myfelf to you freely, and confefs, that the Nature of the Service, and the Terms on. ' which I have been employed this Canjpaign, have been inexpreflibly dii'agreeable, " The Authority given to the Vizier over your Army has totally abforbed that Degree * of Confequence due to my Station. IVy Hands have been tied up from giving Pro- * tec~Hon or Afylum to the miferable. 1 have been obliged to give a deaf Ear to the " lamentable Cries of the Widow and fatherlefs, and to fhut my Eyes againft a wanton " Difplay of Violence and Ofprefllon, of Inhumanity and Cruelty. " The Company** Intereft conftrained me in public to ft ; flle the Workings of my Feel- 'ings, but I muft give them vent in private. Though we had no aclive Part in his bafe Proceedings, yet it is well known that *' the Succefs of our Arms gave him the Power of perpetrating tbefe Enormities j and f. ' much fear, that oar being even filent Spectators of fuch Deeds will redound to the *' Diflwnour of our Nation, and imprefs all Hindoflan with he moft unfavourable Opinion ' of our Government. As Matters now are, I know of no Remedy that would fo eflrclually re-e(tafcli;h our Character for Juftice and Clemency, as your taking the Family of riafex under the *' Wings of your Mercy and Protection, and influencing the Nabob to make Provjfion * for them ia fomc Degree fuitaKle to their Birth. " It would affecl your Senfibility too much were I to defcend to Particular? ; let it fuffice that the Nabob Mahubbit Cawn, the f Ideft Son, and the reft of the Family of 'Hafez, who are under clofe Confinement (the Begums ana other Women included), have been driven to the Neccffity of making private Supplications for a little Rice < and Water. " I wi/h, my Friend, to leave Scenes which none but the mercilefs Sujah cn beat Without Heart- bleeding Pain. Relieve me therefore as foon as poffible, and oblige, " Dear Sir, &c. (Signed) " A. Champion." 19. The Evidence contained in this Letter is more, in our Opinion, than fufficient to juftify every Thing we have faid or fuggefted, relative to the Conduct of the War under the arbitrary Command of -the lats Vizier. The Records whicn we now appeal, carry the Proofi of Sujah Dowla's inhuman Treatment of his P 'ers far. her than the moft prejudiced Imagination could have conceived poffible, or the moft malignant Spirit or" Calumny y/oujd have ventured to fuggeii. ao. Tfe5 APPENDIX, N4 S . 20. The Letter from Suja Dcwla, fent Home by the laft Ship, and which Colonel Champion has given the Board foine Reafon to think was fabricated or advilcd by Colonel Macleane, has produced a Reply from Colonel Champion, which we think d:lerves the higheft Attention, not only of the Court of Directors, but of Parliament and the Na- tion. Such a Detail of Enormities has never ye', we believe, made Part of the Hiftory of any Nation. We fubmit it to the Court of Directors, whether it be not abfolutely neccffary, for the Vindication of the Company, for clearing the Honour of the Britifh Name, and for fixing the Opprobrium of thefe Tranfactions upon the Perfons who alone ihall appear to be guilty, that every Letter and other Document fent from hence, relative to the Rohilla War, ihould be immediately printed and publifted. For the prefent, however, we beg Leave to fupport our firft Ideas of the perfonal Bafenels and Brutality of the late Vizier by the enclofed Copies of Seven Papers, annexed to Colonel Champion's Reply. They come before us, fupported by every Species of concurring Evidence of which the Subject is capable. It they fliould require any further Explanation, Colonel Champion will be in England, and may be called upon to give it. 21. Let us not be underrrood to mean that Mr, HafUngs ought to be implicated in the perfonal Charges fixed upon Sujah Dowia. In ftriifr. JutHce, perhaps, the Author or Promoter of an unjuft Meafure may be deemed anfwerable for all the fatal Conferences that attend ir. We are willing to believe, that many of theie Confluences were not forefeen or intended by Mr. Haftingj. Mr. Haflingi's Minute. Par. 18. In the Year 1764, a Detach- ment of our Troops was employed to burn and ravage Sujah Dowla's Country. It fell to the Lot of Major Champion to execute this Commifiion, and how well he dif- charged ir, and how little his Feelings were at that Time affected, &c. Par. 20. The Governor difputes the Truth of the Reports of brutal Outrages offered to the Wives and Daughters of the Rob.iII.is, though of the higheft Rank. Remark. 21. To prove an Inconfirrency between Colonel Champion's preient Sentiments and his own Practice above Ten Yean ago, Mr. Mailings produces an Extract of a Let- ter from Colonel Champion to the late Mr. Vanfhtart, dated aoth June 1764. We leave it to our Superiors to determine upon the Validity of this Evidence, with refpedt to the Conclufwn propofed to be drawn from it, and upon the Fairnefs and Equity of introducing it at this Period. What we fay for ourfelves is, that the Governor manifeftly contradicts himfelf in the very Paragraph in which he charges Colonel Champion with Inconfiflency. Speaking of theVizier fending out Detach- rrents to plunder, he fays, " This I pro- ' nounce to be both barbarous and impoli- " ticj" yet when he mentions the fame Seen of Barbarity and wan ton Enormities, fuppofed to have been exercifed by Major Champion, in the Year 1764, he fays, " I do not mean " to reproach him with having done the Duty afligned him ?'* Our Qnefiion is, could it be Colonel Champion's Duty to do what was both barbarous and if impolitic ? and it wat, by whom it was affigned to him." 23. We continue to believe the Truth of the Charge upon the beft Evidence that the Nature of it will admit of. jft. Public Notoriety and Opinion. 2d. The Reports made to Colonel Cham* pion, on which the Colonel candidly ob- fervee, that he had no Grounds fuffictent to frtvt " th: Accufation." 3d. The APPENDIX, N45, Mr, Par. 19. The Governor quotes a Letter from Colonel Championof the 12th of June '774. Par. 21. " I never afierted that my chief * { Reafon for withholding the Correfpond- ence was, that they related to a Differ- CBCC between *hc Vizier and Colonel ** Champion." Remarks, 3d. Thepevfonal Charafler of theViz'erj and laftly, the undifputed Evidence of Co- lonel Leflie, that he had repeatedly entered the Women's Apartments, which no Muf- fulman would do without a bafe and brutal Intention, nor could do without leaving Shame and Di/honour behind him. As for the reft, it appears, by Colonel Leflie's Evidence, that he even descended to rob the Women of their Trinkets. But as on this general Head we have already re- ferred to Evidence of a more direct and comprehenfive Nature, it only remains for us to obferve, that fuppofing the V:zier to have conducted ihe War upon the mod mo- derate and honourable' Principles, or fup- pofing his Quarrel with the Rohillastohave been ever fo well founded, it would have been no Motive or Jufiification of our en- gaging in it with him. 44. As every Word of this Quotation tends to confirm, in the ftrongeft Manner, our Representation of the Vizier's inhuman Treatment of his Prifoners, we cefire that it may be particularly confidered. Colonel Champion fays, " That the In- " humanity and Difhonour with which the ' late Proprietors of the Country and their f( Families had been treated was known over all thofe Paits. That their Letters ' to him would convey but a faint Idea of " the Treatment thofe unhappy People c had met with. That he could not help compaffionating fuch unparalleled ' Mifery. " That his Reqnefts to the Vizier to " fhew Lenity) were frequent, but fruit* ' lefs ; and though profefledly taken in " good Part by the Vizier, yet only ferved " to procure them more rigorous TreaU " ment." On the Reprefentations in this Letter, we content ourfelves with remarking, that exclufive of the Probability of their bein? true, and of the grofs Improbability of iheir being invented by Colonel Champion, we have a Right to appeal to his Authority, ai a competent Wltnefs of the Facls he vouches for, until his Credit fhall be com- pletely invalidated, by fome fatisfaftory and pofitive Proof of his having deliberately intended to traduce the Vizier, and de- ceive his Supe iorSj and that he adopted this diihonuurable deiign fo long ago as May laft. 25. We well recollect that this was One of the Reafbns afligned by the Gover- nor, though it might not have been the chief one. It now appears that fuch a Difference did exift, and that it arofe from Circuonftgnces 3 which APPENDIX, N" 45, Mr. Btfingft Minute Par. 16. It is a Mifreprefentation to fay, *' That the Vizier dared to tell the Prefi- '' dency, that he is the M*Jitr of the Com- " pany's Army." He fays, " But I am (be " Mafttr in tb&'e Affairs, and ibi Po-wer of ** retaining or di$m\$ng tbt Erglijh Army it " mine." t*r. 26. I look in vain for the Juftifi- cation of their Conduft in recalling the " Brigade at the Cri/is of Par. 4.1. I db reckon the " probable '* Acquifition of Wealth among my Rea- " Ions for taking up Arms againU mjr '* Neighbours," Par. 44. " Rnp-es of the Currency of Oude have a fixed Standard." Remarks. which he might naturally wifli ffiould coni tinue to be concealed from us, As the Truth of our Affertion however turns upon perfonal Teftimony, we fhall not infift on it. 26. We do not pretend to underftand the Perfian Idiom. The Words we quoted are plain English. ThatSujahDowlaconfidered himfelf as, in erFeft, the Matter of the Company's Army, appears plainly from the Style he affumed in his Difcourfes with Colonel Champion ; for which we beg leave to refer to the Colonel'* Narrative, and to the Documents annex- ed to it. 27. The Fafls relative to the Negotiation at Benares, as far as they appear, are laid before the Court of Directors. It is for them to judge and conclude fiom the Fads to the Motives. We fay that Mr. Haftings conferred conftantly with the Vizier, with- out the Prefence of a Third Perfon, though the Commander in Chief and Two of the Council were upon the Spot. We fay, that the Treaty contained nothing but a df .'enfive Alliance; but that, in Two Months, it appeared, that Mr. Haftings had entered into offenfive Engagements with the Vizier, Thefe are the Tranfafiions which we (at firft) called dark and myfterious. We are now ready to retraft thofe Epithets, and to declare our Opinion, that they arc not fo dark and rr.yfterious as we thought them. iS. The Orders for recalling the Brigade were not difpatched till the $th of Novem- ber. The Treaty with the laft of the Ro- hilla Chiefs was concluded on the 6th* of Oflober ; but the Fate of the War had been decided manv Months before. On other Occasions we are charged with a wanton or malignant Cenfure of a Mea- fure already pa.1 and determined, in the fole View of throwing a ufelefs Reflexion on the laft Admiiiiftration. 19. The Charge being thus deliberately admitted, and tue Doftrine thus triumph- antly avowed, we fliould go beyond the Limiti of our Office, if we took upon us to pronounce any Sentence or farther Opinion upon it. 30. If they have, it muft be known. We have called upon the proper Officers of the Mint to inform us what is the ftandard and * ' On the 6th of Oftober the War w finally concluded by the Treaty with Fyzoolli Cawn." Vidt Mr, Ha/iir.gSi Irlinult / tbe 30^ Nwtmbtr 774 &*, V. * J intrini^ APPENDIX, N 45. Wr. Hafinp't Minute. Remarks, intrinfic Value of the Sicca Rupee of the Currency of Oude ; for this is the Coin in which, by ihe Treaty of Benares, the Pay- ments were to be made. By their Report, contained in the annex- ed Paper, it appears, that the Governor is miftaken in aliening that the " above Ru- < pees have a fixed Standard. Mr Paxton, " the Affay Matter, fays, that on exaroin- " ing the Affay Book tor feveral Years ' back, he does not find that any Rupees, ** under the Defcription of Oude Siccas, " have been brought to the Mint." That " The Viziery Rupees feem to have no l fixed Standard, but are found to vary io refped: to Finenefs from Dwts 8 511 io " 37,012 fer Cent, worfe than Calcutta ' Siccas." Mr. Lloyd, the Mint Maftsr, fays, that *' The Sicca Rupees of the Province of " Oude have no fixed Standard, all vary- ' ing from each other in thtir intrinfic Value." Mr. Touchet, the late Mint Mafter, fays, " That there is fuch a Variety of " Viziery Rupees, that no Kind of Stand- " ard can be afcertained. Thofe laft re- " ceived from Sujah Dowla turned out in " the Mint in nett Produce from 18 to 40 " fer Cent, below the Calcutta Siccas ; and " that the Benares Rupee produces upon a ' Medium 7 fer Cent, lefs than the Cal- cutta Sicca." If, however, it mould be found that the Sums received by Snjah Dowla are equal upon the Whole, or fuperior in Value to the fame Number of Current Rupees (which, notwithftanding the Firft Payments were made in a better Specie, we very much doubt), ftill it does not follow, that the Company will have received the full Value of what they were entitled to by Treaty. Par. 44. " I believe, upon Examination 3 , . Suppofing ico Rupees of Oude to be < of the Paymafter'* Accounts, that the W0 rth li I Current Rupee's, it follows, that * Rupees received from the Vizier, on Ac- Twenty-one Lacks of thofe Rupees fliould count of the Monthly Subfidy, have be worth aa^i.oooCurrent. The Account yielded One hundred and Eleven Current W e gave of their P.oduce in Siccas was re- '* Rupee* fer Ctnt." ceivedfrom theMintM!fter,vi;.i8,29,i84, or Current Rupees 21,21,853 7. Jl Current Rupees were meant by the Treaty, theVizier has been paid 21,853. 7. Current Rupees too much. If Sonauti, or a Coin equal equal ifi Value to them, were meant by the Trea- ty, he has then paid 2,09,146. 9. Current Rupees too little. If Siccas were meant, the Deficiency, onthis Payment of Twenry- one Lacks (whicbwe believe will be found to be the bed he has ever made), \*iil ;hen increafeto 3,14,14.6* 9, Cuu eat Rupees. 41.1 2lf/-. APPENDIX, N 45; ;' Wdute, Par. 45. The Troop of Cavalry was not exprel'sly raifed for this Service." Par. 45. I am aftonifhed to finifhed the Charge of recruiting added, &c. Par. 5*. The Chafm in my " Corre- " fpondence with Colonel Champion will . now be fupplied," &c. Par. 60. " This and the concluding " Sentence of the laft Paragraph have much " the Air of Infinuation thrown out to the " Difadvanrage of the Civil Branch of the 14 Setvice." Par. 42. " I fay that the Vizier's Poflef- " )i'>ns, by thefe Acquifitions, make a com- " pact State, (hut in effectually from foreign " Invafi >ns." Par. 66. " f am fjpported by the Opi- " nions delivered by Colonel Champion, " Colonel Lcflie, and Major Hannay." Par. 69. " The Crflion of Corah nd At! .rub-d is ftilec) by the Majority a Sale, " a rurc'dje, and the Subtidy is branded *' witi the Appellations of pecuniary Termt, tf ar.d hiring out the Troops," &c. 3Z. It ii not at prefent 'necefTary to fa farther into this Part cf the Subject of our refpective Minutes. When once it is determined in what fpe- cific Coin the Payments from the Vizier are to be completed, and when the feveral Pay* ments made on that account are appretiatcd at the Mint, we pr? fume there can be but One Opinion at the Board, vix. " That the " Deficiency, whatever it is, (hall be made, 11 good by the State of Oude, and Juftice done M the Company." We /hall only add, that as far as cur prefent Information goes, the Monthly Subfidy to the Brigade has not been up paid beyond to September laft. 33. It it well known that the Paytnafter of the Second Brigade has not adjufted hi Accounts, nor fent up any Diftribution for feveral Months pad to the Paymafter Gene- ral here. Till this be done, and till all the extraordinary Expencea attending the above Service are liquidated, no certain Judgment can poflibly be formed, whether the Com* pany are upon the whole Lofers, or Gainers, by the Subfidy ftipulated for the Foreign Service of their Troops. 34. For whatever Purpofe it was raifed, it ftill ferved in the Field at the Company'* Expence, fince no Projifion was made for it in the Eftimate of the Monthly Subfidy. 35. We meant the recruiting of the Euro- pean Battalion, not the Sepoys. 36 The Chafm taken Notice of by u was in the-Correfpondence of Mr, Middle- ton, not of Colonel Champion. 37. The Civi' Savants of the Company, who, in our Opinion, have involved the Company in offenfive Wars, are the few who fat in Councl. The Planning and Execution of fuch Meafures muft be con- fined to thoff Perfons only who were ho- noured with the Confidence of the Com- pany, and vetted with their Authority. 38. If the Governor's Object was to give the Vizier the whole Country of the Ro- hillas as far as the Mountains, why did he propofe that NudjirTKhan, or the King, mould haye a Share of the Conqueft ? 39. We very earneftly defire that t'le Court of Directors may think it a.Infeble to piiMifh the Examinations of thefe Officers referred to by the Governrr. 40. We have already proved that thefe MeafiTfs were unknown to us when we left England. We ftiU adhere to the Terms in wh-ch we have defcribed them. The King's Demefne was fold for a fpecific Sum, and our Troops, by the very Plan of th Agreement, afted as Mercenaries in Sujah Dowla's Service. We refer to Colon-1 Champion's Narrative for the Manner in 3 I APPENDIX, N4 5 . H<*J}ings'$ Minute t Par. 69. " To remove this heavy Load, Remarks, which the Britifh Commander in Chief, and the Troops who acted under him, were treated by the Prince frotn whom they re- ceived their Stipend. 41. Waving at prefent our Objections to <* it was'propofcd to raifc the Subfidy," &c. the Subfidy's not being equal to the actual Expence, we infift upon another, which we have already taken notice of. The Circu- lation created by the Prefenceof a Brigade,, with that of the numerous Followers whq attend it, gives Life to Induftry wherever the Brigade is ftationed, furniflies a Multi- tude of Perfons with Means of Subfiftence, and of courfe is beneficial to the Revenue. It is in the Nature of Things, that the Re- moval of a Brigade out of the Company's Territories muft, in every Inflance, pro- duce the oppofite Effect. It has already been pleaded by the Fanners as a Reafon for their Inability to pay their Rents. Par. 69. " I retract and difavow the 42. We defire that no Advantage may be 1* Word's, by keeping them in tie continued taken of a hafty inconfiderate Expreffion, J* Prafiicecf fFar," efpecially after fo folemn a Retraction. Without regarding Words, or wi/hing to bind the Governor to the ftrift Meaning of the Terms he makes ufe of, we affirm, that whether the Principle be avowed or no 1 ^ the Practice correfpond? with it ; and thai the whole Tendency of Mr. Haftmgs's Ar- gument in Defence of this Part of his Con- duct, is to prove, that it is highly ufeful to the Company to keep tbeir Trotyl in tbi cor,- tinucd fraliict of War . fatter fromtbePizifr SujabulDowJa toGovernor Haftings, received the aS-'A Nwembtr 1774. I have already written yon, that on the Day of my Arrival at Peelebur, one of my Hir- earrahs brought me Intelligence, that the Englifh Troops had entered the City, and were commtnitting Outrages and Violence ; I therefore fent W< rd by Sheek Snuffi Ullah to check therrij in Anfwer to which Colonel Champion returned me a Mefiagr, that he would ftation the Englifh Soldiers at the Gate of the City. I again fent him Word, that his doing fo would be improper, and defired he would put a Stop to it. The Colonel afterwards came to me himfelf, and told me that the Englifh Gentlemen faid there were Four Crore of Rupees in the City, of which the Troops would come in fpr a Part; that they were very earneft upon this Point, and that he would fend Three Gentlemen of Confidence and Truft to take an Account of the Effects which were in the City. I ob- ferved to him that this was. a new Affair, and quite different from the Agreement mu- tually concluded between us. The Colonel then replied, That if he did not take this Step, there would be a Mutiny among the Troops. Seeing therefore that he was averfe to it, and not at Libeity to follow his own Inclinations, I told him that I would confide* the Matter farther the next Day, and do what was proper. After this, the Colonel vrote me, that it was ncrefiary People fiiould be, immediately fent into the City. As j perceived that he was greatly difturbed, I went to him at Twelve o'Clock, in the extreme Heat of the Day, and afked him what Gentlemen he p:opofed fending into Peelebut? Upon which he called Mr. Murray, Colonel Leflie, and Major Hsnnay before me ; and pointing to them, faid, " Thefe Three Gentlemen fliall go to take the Account." I told him that I had mace no fuch Agreement; with Mr. Haftings, nor could there be more than 4 or C.CGO Rupees in Peelebut ; that provided there were, the Gentlemen had no Bufinels with it, and that nothing of the like had happened heretofore'. Mr. Murray then nnfwered, and tclrf me, that at the Time of Diflurbahces with the Marattas, there was no Country in the Cfe, which was tie Reafon no fuch Point had been infifted upon ; and APPENDIX, N 45, and that If the ErgUfh were not now allowed to go into Peelebur, the Sepoys wel$ plunder and lay waftc the whoh Country. Colonel Champion then interrupted him, and told him, that it was improper his faying any Thing on that Subject. I afterwards ob ferved, that although I had made no Agreement on this Subjeft \vith Mr. Hafting!, it did not fcgnify, and that they n-ight tike all the Money which they faid was in Peelebut in lieu of the Amount I had ftiptlated to pay Mr. Haftings on account cf the Company, giving me an Acquittance for the latter. They rrade no Reply to this Propofal, butin- fifted upon what they before urged j upon this I obferved, that if the Englifh were tbi Time allowed to go into Peelebut, it would be a Precedent for their infilling to the fame when they came to other Cities and Places : To this it was anlwered, That they only meant the prefent City, and that they would make no f'Jch Demands when thfty came to other Places. I then told Major Hannay, that it did not ftgnify, that in the prefent In- flance 1 fhould be Clert, but that in future, if they made the fame Requifitions, I would 3uit the Country, and retreat into my own Subah. Major Hannay then explained what faid to Colonel Lrflic, whp gave me no Anfwer himfelf, but turned to Colonel Cham- pion, and calling him by his Rank, faid, " Welt, Well." I underftand nothing of the JLnglifh Language myfelf, but thefe Words which I have mentioned are very common, and I onderftand the Meaning of them very well. I told the Gentlemen, that by their fending People into the City, nothing would be got but a bad Name ; however, to iatisfy them, I co.ilented to their Defne: They experienced the Truth of what I told them ; for having at laft fent them, they returned difappointed. My Friend, the Cafe is this ; There wai not fo much as 4 or 5000 Rupees in Peelebut j fuppofing there had betn rr.cre, what BuHnefs had the Gentlemen with ir? When we concerted thi? Expedition together, n fuch Condition was provided for: The Sum which I ftipulated with you, I will pay with- out Evafion ; but what can be the Meaning of thele Steps uken by the Ccnilerr.enf They aitonifli me ! Conferences between me and the Englifh Gentlemen were r.ever be- fore condoled in I'urh a Manner, that other Gentlemen were alleged to anlwer the Queftions which I s (Tied, whilft the Principal withdrew himfelf on one Side. I have long been acquainted with the principal Englifh Gentlemen, fuch as Lord Clive, and other?, as well ss \ourfelf, but I never faw it cuftomiry that the Principal Chief ar>4 Commander of the Whole fhculd fit ftil), and lei every One eife tallcas each thought jit. It is now a Space cf Three Years that I have been in Alliance with the Englift, and hitherto it has gained daily Strength. It is always iny Wj/h, that th-re m?y be n:ver Room for a fingle Expreffion, which (God forbid !) can poffibly creat the Difference of 4 Hair's Ereadth in our Friendship : As to my Part, J pay the mcft implicit Regard and Attention to it; yea, Gentlemen, too, have hitherto contributed every Duty towards flrenther.:r.g and perpetuating it j but I eonfefs the pr?fent Conferences have alarmed me. You well know what a Burthen of Expences I have for thefe Th'ee Years been obliged to fuftain ; I am notw-thfiandina Night and Day employed in devifir g Means for ihe Pay- inent of the Money I ftipulateci with you : But if the Cei.t crr.en are to talk to me in this Manner, they nc doubt will make the fame Requ.fitions of me at every other Place, and it will be impofiiijle for me to comply therewith. I fuhmit to your own Impartiality, whether what I have written i-e right or wrong. In all my Negotiations aid Conferercet \vith the Englifh, ir was, r/ever before ufual to introduce Preteofinns, and infift upon Mat- ters which were never fiipulated in the Treaty, nor before we ha.l any Idea of; nor WM it ever ufual for the Commander in Chief to withdraw himfelf apart, and let others im- pofe fuch Conditions, and make what Requeft they j.-leafed. Confider well upon tni^ Matter, and reprimand the Gentlemen, that they may not commit fuch Praftic-. It is the Cuftcm in no Country, for the Principal himlelf to remain tlent, and !et o:rer make themfelves Principals ; amongft the Ecgli/h efpecially, this never happened. Afte' wares, when I arrived at BifTuulee, and Fyzoolla Khan, and the other Roh;Ha Chiefs fled towards N\j -ehahad, and eftabliflied themfelves in that Pait, Ambaftadof* ca.T.e on the Part of Fyzoolla Khan to Colonel Champion, to confer with him concerning an Accommodation, which the Colonel propofed to me. As I was determined to extiipate the Rohillas, I would not liften to any Propofals of 'Pesos, and frankly told Colonel Cham- pion, that he might put an End to thefe Conferences, and fend away the Ambaflh,-''- zcclla : notwiihftanding which, they remained a longTirre afterward? with the Col ase! ; at laft he cilmiffed them, but ftill maintained ^ Correfpon^ence with FyzcoDa Kbao, and receiv- ed many Letters from him. Confider, my Friend, that it was my abfofute Determination to extirpate the Rohillas, and that I requeued the AffifHnce of the Englifli Troops for that Pur- pofe ; was u not therefore highly improper in the Colonel to enter into fuch a Correfpondence yithcut rr.y PeimlSioa ? If he had ever confuitcd me oo the Occifioc, it vould not have iignified | APPENDIX, N 4$; Sgnified ; but when I gave him a dear Anfwer, and abfolutely refufed my Confent to the Propofais for an Accommodation, was it proper for him to continue the Negociations ? At laft, perceiving that Fyzoolla Khan, encouraged by hi Correfpondence with the Eng- liflj, affembled his Forces, and daily became more formidable, 1 determined, though it was in the Height of the Rains, immediately to bring him to Puniflitnent. I informed Colonel Champion of my Intentions, and feet a Meflage to him to march toward* Fy- zoolla Khan "for the Execution of them ! Ccloncl Champion excufsd himfelf by faying, That he had no Orders from the Gentlemen of Calcutta to proceed to the Place of Fyzoolla Khan's Encampment, which was beyond the Boundaries of Rohilcund, and that there- fore he would not march ; I anfwered, You certainly hare not a Map of this Country, for it : mentioned in the Treaty between us, that the Englifli Forces Hull march into every Part of the Rohiila Country, from my Borders to the Foot of the Mountains, and to the River Ganges 5 the Place where Fyzoolla Khan is now encamped is within thcfe Limits; the Gentlemen of Calcutta will not therefore be difpleafed at the March of the 'Army ; they are even defuous that the War mould be at any rate brought to a Conclufion, and the Money ftipulated to the Company quickly difcharged : Though I am in a bad State of Health, I will undergo the Fatigue of marching. The Colonel marched with the greateft Unwillingnefs: In the mean Time, Conferences for an Accommodation were fet on Foot with the Colonel, and Fyzoolla Khan was encouraged by this Circumftance to tr.ake a Stand. When we afterwards arrived at Pattergur, and Fyzoolla Khan was at the Diftance of Fifteen Cofs from us at the Foot of the Mountains, I determined to march forward and attack him; the Colonel again delayed, and pretended that he had no Orders to proceed further: In Anfwer to which, I explained cleaily to him, that he had Orders to march to any Part of the Rohilla Country, from my Borders to the Skirts of the Mountains, and to the River Ganges ; that it was necedary to conclude this Buflnefs immediately, for which Purpofe it was expedient to march forwards. At laft, after many Conferences, he marched from thence alfo, and encamped within Five or Sit Cofs of the Hills, and continued his Conferences for an Accommodation with Fyzoolla Khan, and propofed it alfo to me. Although I was averfe from the firit, to making a Peace, and had defired the Afiiftance of the Englifli Troops to extirpate the RohilJas ; yet, when I perceived that the Colonel interpofed, and had for feveral Months maintained a Corre- fpondence with Fyzoolla Khan, and that he was defiroos of Peace, being remedilefs, I told him it did not fignify, that I would give Fyzoolla Khan a Country yielding a Re- venue of Nine or Ten Lacks of Rupees, and that I would take from him Half his Y.'ealth. The Colonel replied, Fyzoolla Khan has defired that an Englifli Gentleman may be fent to confer about the Terms of an Accommodation. I anfwered, It is well j we will fend a Gentleman under this Pretence to the Camp of Fyzoolla Khan, that he may obfeive the Situation of their Encampment and their Retrear, and give us Informa- tion ; for this Purpofe let us fend Mr. Brooke and Mr. * . Collicberrun came to me, and reprefented, that it fliould be left to the Pleafure of the Colonel whom to fend en this Expedition. At laft, the Colonel fent Mr. Murray and Mr. Brooke, who departed with- out waiting on me to take their Leave. After Two or Three Days, thefe Gentlemen returned unprofitably, without having fettled any Thing. For Four or Five Days after this, the Conferences were broke oft"; after which, Omar Cawu, and two other Sirdars, ame from Fyzoolla Khan to me with Propofals of Peace : I a/ked them, Why they had taken fuch Meafures, as to oblige me to march againft them in the rainy Seafon ? They replied, We remained peaceably at the Extremity of the Country without any Force, but when a Correfpondence was fet on Foot by Means of tne Englifh Chiefs, they wrote to Fyzoclla Khan to take fome Step, that might make it appear that he was in a Situation to oppofe the Army of die Vizier, by which Means his Arfairs would be fettled. Encou- raged by the Advice of the Englifh Chiefs, Fyzoolla Khan affembied this Number of Troops, and fent them to Nejtcbabad ; olherwife how could he have taken fuch a Step ? My Friend, Omar Cawn did not particularize any Gentleman to me, but informed me cf ihe above Particulars: Be pltafcd to iefk! on this. I,i fliort, I returned this Aalwer to Omar Cawn, &c. That I was at firft averfe to an Accommodation, but fince they had entered into Conferences by Means of the Englifli Chiefs, whatever I had mentioned to the Colonel I would perform. The Vackeels took their Leave, and returneo ; after which our joint Forces marched near the Encampment of Fyzoolia Khan, ann prepared to attack it; but there was ftill a private Intelligence between the Colonel and Fy/oolla Khan; encouraged by which, Fyzoolla Khan rode out of his own Encampaient and * The Name is omitted in the Original, APPENDIX, K45. un try; that he was now with the Engiiih Chiefs, and that it was ncceffkry to pay Regard to this Circumftance. I confidcreJ the Refpect to the Engiiih Name, as f^perior to all Other Confi Derations, and replied, Th.it although I was averfe to an Accommodation, neverthelefs, as Fyzoolla Khaa had furrendered himfelf to the General, it did notflgnify j I would give him a Country yielding a Revenue of Twelve Lacks of Rupees. After which, Callicherrun having reported thefe Particulars to the Colonel, returned with an Anfwer, that Fyzoolla Khan would not agree to thefe Conditions ; and if I was not de- fi-ousofan Accommodation, to write fo to the Colonel, that he might di.mifs Fyzoolla Khan, and put a Stop to the Conferences. I wrote to the Colonel, that if Fyioolla Khan would not agree to thefe Offers, to fend him away; I alfo fent Mahomed Elich, Cawn to explain tbefe Particulars more fully to the Colonel j who went and executed my Orders. The Colonel, in Anfwer to this, made ufe of fome difagreeable Expreffions, and fiid, The Nabob Vizier has broke his Word in the Anfwer he has fent me, has he no Refpeft for the Englifh Name ? Fyzoolla Khan is come under the Engiiih Protection, will he not fettle his Affairs ? briefly, he made ufe of a Number of fuch Kind of Expreffionj. At laft, as I faw that 1 fhould difpleafethe Colonel by infifting on the former Conditions, I was compelled to give 14,75,000 Rupees of Country, and faid, Let Fjzoolla Khan taku this much Country, and gave me 20 Lacks of Rupees in Specie, in lieu of Half his Wealth; becaufe, if t am to take Half of his Property, how am I to difcover what he is poiTefled of, and where it is kept ? it can therefore never be fettled in this Manner. Thefe Conferences were at firft maintained, and afterwards new Propofitiont were introduced, that this A flair had been already fettled by the Engiifli Chiefs in this Manner; that Fyzoclla Khan /hall give up Half his Property ; that he had One Lack and fome thoufand Gold Mohurs, and One Lack of Rupees, of which I mould take the Half: I replied, when I agreed to take One Half of Fyzoolla Khan'* Property, it was on Condition that I was to give him a Country yielding a Revenue of Nine or Ten Lacks of Rupees, and that he mould not retain more than 5 or tfoo Men in his Service; HDW, that I am to give him a Revenue of 14,75 ooo Rupees, and conlent to his entertaining 5,000 Men in his Service, I will have Twenty Lacks. Briefly, after a great deal of Trouble and Argument, this Affair was thus fettled, that Fyzoolla Khan fhould give me Fifte;n Lacks of Rupses, and take a Country amounting to 14,75,000 Rupees My Friend, confider well that I firft propofed to give Fyzoolla Cawn a Country amounting to Nine or Ten Lacks of Rupees, and on thefe Offers Fyzoolla Khan came to the General ; if he did not confent to thefe Terms why did he come ? After that Fyzoolla K'lan carne to the General, he increafed his Demands, and th-y obliged me to give him 14,75,000 Rupees 5 befides which, you will confider, that when thefe Conferences were firrt fet on font, the Colonel obferved to me, that Fyzoolla Khan had One Lack and fome thonfand Gold Mo- hurs and One Lack of Rupees, amounting to Fifteen or Sixteen Licks, of which I mould take the Half; but afterward?, when the Affair was fettled, Fyzoolla Khan gave ms Fif- teen Lacks of Rupees : Confider then, if Fyzoolla Khan was only poffefled of thus much, would he have given me all his Property ? From this Circumftance you will clearly per* ceive how the Cafe is. My Friend, whilft I refufed to confent to Conferences for an Ac- commodation, it was propofed that I fhould give a Country of Eight or Nine Lacks of Rupees to Fyzoolla Khan, and take all his Money ; after chit I was obliged, out of Re- fpeft to the Englifh, to confent to a Peace. Then the following Propositions were made to me; t; at 1 ihould take so Lacks of Rupees from Fjzaolla Khan, and give him the Whole of the Rohilla Country. I anfwered, I am much indebted to the Company, and I have expended many Lacks for the Support of my Army ; if I give up the Rohilla Conn* try for the Sum or 20 Lacks, what Advantage mall 1 gain, and how frnll I fulfil my En- gagments ? Before 1 marched from Biffoulee, Mr. Roberts came to me frciri the Colonel, and informed me that Conferences for an Accommodation with Fyzoolla Khan were oa Foot, and that it was advifeable I fhooid agree to them. My Friend, this is called giving Advice in Indoftan, when a Perfan lays, I think this is for the heft, and you muft do fo, When the Englifh Chiefs were continually fending to me thefe Meffiges, how could I re- fufe to fatisfy them ? Briefly, I was at firft averfe to an Accommodation, and mould never have confented to it but for the Satisfaction of the Genera!. In like Manner the feveral Letters which the General caufed me to write at the Conclufion of this Affair, I gave out ef Rcfpcft to him, After the Conclufion of this Bufiaefs, when I marched towards my 3 Subah, APPENDIX, N 4$. Subah, and determined to fend the EnglifL Bn'gice to Ramgaut, I told the General to lend Two Battalions with me ; he replied, That the Battalions could notbs fcparated from the Brigade. What can I write on this Subjscl ? The Cafe is } that I pay the moll im- plicit Regard and Attention to the Friendship of the Englifh, and I am always apprehtn- ijve left fuch Meafures Ihould be purfued as might be the Caufe of any Difference in cur tfriendihip ; for which Reafon I overlook every Step that is taken, whether it is proper or Aberwife,-and on all Occalions endeatoer to give Satisfaction to the Englifh Chiefs. Con- fjder well, my Friend, the Conferences at Peelebur, and the Method or fettling the Af- fair of Fyzooila Khan. How mall I inform you of" all the other Jnftances of this Kind ? During the War with Fyzoolla Khan, an Englifh Gentleman plundered a Chief in my Army ot" a Palhnkeen, Four Looking- gUffes, and other Goods: when I fent Word of this, it was anfwered, That no One in the Englifh Army had taken thVm. Some Days af- terwards it happened that the Bamboo of the faid Fallankeen was brought before all the Gentlemen to f;ll. which my Sirdar feeing, took it forcibly away ; and having learnt the Name of the Gentlemen who had taken the Pallankeen, informed me of it: I fent the Bamboo to the General with this Meffage, That it was now proved that it had > e:n taken by fonie One in his Army, and that it was neceflary that the reft of the Things which had been plundered friould be returned, the P/erfon punifhed, and Care taken to prevent any Thing of the Kind happening in future. But the Goods were not returned, nor any Pu- liiflirr.ent infiitleJ on the Offender. Befide* which, wherever the Englifh Army encamp- ed, they committed fuch Violences and Outrages on all the Villages around them, as to render them quite defolate ; they went under the Pretence of getting V/cod, Cots, snd Cudjeree Pots, and when they got into the Villages, plundered whatever they could lay their Hands on. My Friend, thefe Things were the Wealth of thefe poor People, which they not only took, but alfo all the Grain, Cloth, and every Thing eife they found in thtir Houfes, by which Means the Whole Country was defolated. The Englifli Army en- camped near a large and populous Town named Cuftah, into which they went/ and dc- ftroyed the Shops ofUje Traders, and plundered and laid wafle the City 5 how then could the Villagers remain in Safety ? They paid no Regard to my repeated Remonftrances Oil this Head. It is known that they had Permifium to take Wood, Cots, and Cudjeree Pots. Whilft this is the Cafe, and the Troops are fatisfied that they mall not be punifliecl for any Outrages they are guilty of, they will undoubtedly lay walte all the Villages they come near. Briefly, the Particulars of this Kind are fo numerous thai I cannot write them to you ; I will inform you of feme few Particulars out of thofe which have happen- ed. The Englifli Troops are continually quarrelling and difputing with my People, iome- times on the moft trifling Occasions, and frequently without any at all, and putting them under a Guard j fometimes, after a Confinement of One or Two Par?, and at others im- mediately, they fend them before me. My Friend, the Cafe is, that all the Infantry in ny Service know the Cuilom of the Army, that if any One commits a Fault he will be imorifoned for it, and think notningof being put ur.dsr a Guard ; but there are other Hin- dpflannies, and the Nejeeb Battalions, and others in my Seivice, who confider it as the h.igheft Difgrace to be put under a Guard ; and if any One attempts it, they will defend themfelves againft it, and rather lofe their Lives than fubmit to fuch a Dishonour. I was apprehenfive left the Englifh Gentlemen mould attempt to feize and imprifon fome Sirdcr who had 5 or 10,000 Men in his Service ; in this Cafe there is no Doubt but the Sirdar and all his People would lepuife with all their Force thofe who attempted it ; I alfo knov/, that was this the Cafe I fiiould punifh fuch Sirdar with Death ; but he would be in no Fear of me when he expofed his Lite in a Quarrel with the Englifii : in this Cafe it would be neceiTary tor me to affift the Englifh Army ; by this Means a Civil War would arife irt. *mr joint Army, and a great Number of People lofe their Lives : it would be equally bad for me whichever Side had the Advantage. I was continually fubjefl to thefe Apprehen,- fions, and made it my Srudy to prevent any Difference rifing between the Two Armies. Although I am convince^ that you are, by the BlcfTnii; of Cod, endowed with Wifdom and Underftanding, and will pay no Attention to the faltc Reprefenutions of any One, yet I cannot help being unealy on this Account. Sorr.e People formerly wrote you many Cir- eumftances to my Difcredit ; I did not return this by accufing them to you. Some Time ago you received Letters from fome Gentlemen concerning the Afraiis of the Family of Hafiz Rhamut Cawn and Eunait Cawn. The Euglim Gentlemen firft begun this Me- thod j I therefore have written all the above Paiticulars for your Information. The Af- fair of Hafiz Rhamut Cawn's Family is as follows; The Colonel fent a MefTage to me, that the Family of Hafiz Rhamut were dying with Hunger; that a Stoim had one Day ttrewa down the Purdas of ihe Tent of Hafiz Rhamut Cawn's, Family, and left the Men nl APPENDIX, N 45. d V-'orr-Fn expofed ! I went to vific the Colonel, and returned an AniVer to his Mef- fcge, tt.at 1 ft nt Provifions from my own Sircar daily for their Support ; and that'with xefpecl: io the Purdas, which were thrown down by the Violence of the Wind, I could not help it, that I had no Authority over the Winds to ftill them ; and that if I had not Aipplied them with Provisions, what Means had they taken to preferve tbtir Exiftence ? My Friend, the Family of Hafiz Rharr.ut Cawn is well foj-plied with Provifions, and 3000 Rupees per Month is appointed for this Purpofe. I have not Power with God to prevent tne Violence of ihe Wind. Confider writ thefe Particulars. Let Prifoners be ever fo well treated and fupplied with N'eceirarief, ftill Confinement is uncomfortable. Whoever has loft a Father and Brother in War, has fallen from the Dignity of a Throne and become a Prifoner, will undoubtedly fuffer much Mifery. I have written this long Account that you may be informed ot every Affair ; I have related them ail more paiikularly to Colonel Macleane, who will inform you of them ; Mr. Middleton will alfo write you on thefe Subjects. I am very much pleafed with Mr. Middieton's good Conduft ; he is 'a fenfible and intelligent Man, and a fincere Well-wifiier of mine ; I therefore confuit him on ill Affairs, and have been ft oken to on this Subject by the Colonel, who fays that Mr. Mid- leton was appointed to colled the Money due to the Company, and that he has no Bufinefs to interfere in any other Matter: I returned- him no Antwer to this. I confulted Mr. Middleton on leveral Affairs, particularly at Pcelebuf, when the Engliili Gentlemen in- troduced Ib many new Propofitions and Arguments, The Colonel then made ufe of the Exprertion I have mentioned above, that Mr. Middleton had no other Concern but to col- left the Money due to the Company. I bave now given you an Account of all that has happened here for forae Time paft. Extraa of Stcrft Confultathns, Fort William, Ttfb February 1775. Read the following Letter from Colonel Champion, with the Papers to which it re- fers, all which accompanied his Addrefs of the jd February, recorded in ConfultarJons of that Day. To the Honourable Warren Haftings, Efquire, Governor General, &c. Council of Fort William; -,.._. . . _ On the Evening of the 27th paft I was furni/hfd Colonel Champion in Re- with the Tranfldtion of a Letter receivw , by the Governor, futat.on of the V.zier s Genera| ffom the vjzier ^ faf ^^ ^ ^ 2g , h of N Charges agamft him. yember. I acknowledged the Receipt of it next Day, and exprefied my Concern that it had not been convenient to favour me with an earlier Perufal. It contains Charges highly inju- rious to my Honour, and it would therefore have bern fatisfa&ory that an Opportunity had been given me of uihering thefe Afperlions into your Prefence, with their Refutation. I know the Vizier's Character intimately ; too we^l I know his Littlenefs of Soul to be furprized at his flooding to any Meannefs ; but I cannot help exprefiing my A(loni; CompIa ; n J It would now thercrore perhaps fufiice to refer to what has already pafled on that Sub- ject ; but it may not be out of place to remark, that the Compliment which ih Vi/i?r pays me, of having fuffered myfelf to be lordel over by the Gentlemen he mentions, will, I am confident, upon Enquiry, meet with the polite Retort from each of them as it does from me. After all, what did the Complaint amount to? only to this; ift. That a Demand was made on the Part of the Engli/h Troops to take an Account of the Riches which might be found in Peelebut, and that th;s Demand was not agreeable to his Excellency, idly, That he was difpleafed with the Deportment of Colonel Leflie and the other Gentlemen. With regard to the Firft, we may in Po'irenefs be forry that the Demand was difagree-' able to his Excellency; we are not furprized at it, becaufe he is lefs a Friend to us than to bimfelf ; but it does not therefore follow that any Apology is due 5 on the contrary, I wifh it may not be thought that other Commanding Officers would have caufed the Search to have been mote particular. With refpecl to the Behaviour of the Gentlemen, I have already acquitted them of T L tt t Impropriety fo far as fell under my Obfetvation ; and I dar^ fay, if they are called upon, th:y will anfwer for theinfelves in Confutation i7th T e of hls Excellenc y- B "t why, as I have already faid, why is this Complaint reiterated at this Time of Day ? I cannot help admiring the Confidence with which his Excellency has advanced, that there were not fo much as 4 or 5,000 Rupees in Peelebut. The Report of Four Crore being concealed there I always thought extravagant, but his Excellency has srone fo far in the other Extreme, that it is impoffible he can ever exprcl to bs credited. According to the Accounts of trufty and intelligent Spies, the Fat proved to be, that the Company would have been confiderable Gainers by the Offer which he fays he made, of giving up all the Riches in the Fort for the Forty Laclc^. As we are now on the Subject of Plunder, permit me to offer my Attachment to th Army in Apology for begging of you to attend to it a little farther. According to the Letter and to the Meaning of my Inflruclions, I had Authority to proceed to the Conqueftof the Rohiila Country, if the Viier required it, with the Com- pany's Troops only. Suppofing then, Gentlemen, that the Nabob had found himfelf fufficiently engaged in the Doab, and that I had effected the Rohilla Conqueft, can it be alleged that the Com- pany's Troops would have taken Charge of the Riches fojnd in the Forts and Cities m're- ly on Account of th* Vizier, and that they muft afterwards have delivered them over to bis Excellency ? Impoffible ! And it follows of courfe, that his being prefent could only entitle him to a Proportion. I fubmit, therefore, whe'h'r the giving up the Rights of the Army, was not in effeft facrificing the Inteveft or" our Nation, inafmuch as the Riches of the Individuals contribute to the Support of the Sti:e. But pafling over this remarkable Complaifance to the Vizier as inexplicable, we (hzll march from Peelebut, and accompany his Excellency towards BitTouke, dragging in Triumph the difconfolate Bgum and Children of the br. ve but unfortunate Hafiz, the Widow of his eldeft Son, Ennait Khan, the Wife of his eUcft furviving Son, Mahubbet Khan, and fome Hundreos of miferable caprive Women, on Carts. Leaving Berelley and OuUh behind u<, and trufty S'.ives or of the;r Matter, we arrived at Bi-'ouiee, where the whole Aimy were Witness of Scenes that cannot be ce- fcribed. But not to dwell on the Enormities or ExceiF:s of his Exce lency, I (hall proceed to anfwer the Charges brought againft me. In doing this, Gentlemen, I muft trouble you wi:h a Narrative of all the Tranfaclion relative to Fyzoolla Khan ; and in proceeding I fliu! deduce from the Fafts fuch A jj <-- ments, as naturally arife in Support of the Propriety of my Condudt during the Cim- paign. The V:zier fays, that aiter our Arrival at Billb'ilee I carried on an underhand Correfpondence with Fyzoolla Khan, f received and jn'wttea Several L-'tters from hs Rohilu Chief, but his Excellency it an Economift of Tr th, when he fays i dd fo clan- deftinrly. i The APPENDIX, N 45, 4'h May. The Firfl Letter I received from Fyzoolla Khan was In thefe Words : " After the Death of my Father thefe Gentlerren, the Rohilla Chiefs, took Pofleflion ' of my ancient Eftate, and gave me a Trifle for my Subfiftence : This is as evident as the Sun ; fnrely it is known to y< u ; I therefore from Neceflity fopported myfelf with *' Difficulty. The Perfon who deligned the Wjr is no more. Regarding your facred ' Friendship ar-d Sincerity, J requrft, without other Intervention, that the Degree of " Frirndfhip with you may be confirmed. Your Goodnefs and Celebrity is every where " kno'vn, and thar you, the En>lifh, difpolTefs no One. This Trouble therefore is given, " that in cale I art. reinftattti in my ancient Pofleflions, whatever- is conferred upon me, " I will pay you as mirh, wi'hout Damage or Deficiency, as any other Perfon will agree to do; and in all Matters I will regard yon zs my Matter and Benefactor tiil Death, but ' no other Perfon. My Agreements will J on no Account depart from ; and, God will* ing, I will perform them with my Hcsrt and Soul. ' Whenever you require it I fhall attend you, and' perform my Duty and my firm Alliance. I hope in God, that by your Means I (hall receive Juftice, which Goodnefs " nefs J {hall holci in Remembrance while I have Life. I would have fent a faithful " Pjrfon to you to have explained all Particulars, but the Roads not being free pre- " vented me j if you will fend a Man to me, mine accompanying him fhall attend " you." I4th May. I received at the fame Time a Letter from Ahmed Khan Khanfuman, Long before this Titte Chan Khanfuman, deceafed, performed his Duty to the Eng. " lifh Chiefs. " At his Death I was lft fmgly, and Hafiz Rhamet Cawn took that Opportunity to " feize Half my Country, and conferred it on my Brother Azeem Khan, by whkh I at- " tained not my hereditary Eft the , ncHIh Army is come t the Aid and Af- " fiAanceoftheNabobVizier, whoisnow Mafter of thisCounrry. Agreeablytoyour Defire, ' I communicated the Particulars of your Letter to the Vizier, and this is his Reply, That he did not chufe any Patan Chief fhould have S^tlement in this Country j I 41 therefore faid no more ; But if you, or Ahmed Khan, mould at any Time wift to 3 K a " come APPENDIX, N p 45. " come to me, for ye and your Family, and to Ahmed Khan and his Fam'h, I will gira *' Protection, that no Perfon ftiall give you the fmaileft Moleftation ; bot of your Coon; y *' and Effects the Nabob Vizier is now Mailer. Your Defires are ir.aae km.-,, n tu hiri.'; " ana if ye can fettle your Affairs agreeably to his Pleafure, it will be very adviledblt } " and in this Agreement I alio fliall be very glad." To Ahmed Khan. " Your Reprefentation is received, and the Particulars known. All that ye have ,, M " written in Excufe for your Conduct, I have communicated to the " Nabob Vizier ; and his Determination is this : That no Perfon " of the Rohilla Tribe fliall have Refidence in this Country. I write to advife you ex- plicitly of the Vizier's Pleafure, that ye may aft according to it. Should ye at any .' Time wifli to come to me, for youifelf and Family I will afford full Protection j but * your Country and Effects aie now the Pioperty of the Nabob Vizier." From thefe Replies, Gentlemen, it is enident how implicitly I obeyed the Orders I had received, to confider the Vjsier as the Mafter. ay. On the a4th, a Letter arrived from Fyzoolla Khan, in thefe Words : " Previous to this, I addrefTed you with a Reprefentation of my Condition, " from it will be evident to you. Juft now I have received a Letter from the ' Vizier,,! have returned in Reply to it, that through your Mediation I wilt come in to , " him. This Trouble therefore is given, to beg you will write me of whatever you ) e " determined in my Favour, that acting agreeably to it, and arriving by your " I may obtain an Interview. From whatever Promifes and Agreements I make, 1 \\ ;i tf not deviate the Breadth of an Hair." This Letter fpeaks more plainly than the former the Difrruft which the Vizier hsd caufed in the Minds of the Fugitives, by his Conduct to their Kindred. In confequence of a Communication of it to the Nabob, his Minifter Eiich Khan, waited on me, and, purfuant to the Pleafure of his Excellency, the following Reply v. .: written to the Rohilla Chief: " I now advife you, that the Two following Propofals are offered to yet iff-, The ] ' Vizier will not confer on ye, or any other (Rohilla) Perfon, One Foot of La;>>i " Country ; but he will give you an equal Quantity with what you poiTefled her: " Country of Doab, provided ye will now pay him Twenty Lacks of Rupees : *' Condition come fatisfied. The Second Propofal, fhould ye not accept of the Pint, :; ".this: That you, with your Family, Domeftics, Treafure, and Effects, but witho Troops, come in and meet me; after which ye will proceed iMreftly into the y Diftricts, wherever may be beft, and remain there till the Pleafure of ll in this Particular is written to me. The Reafon of this is, that the Vizier does no: j chufe ye ftiould remain here. I now give you Prornife of Protection, ant) lend you'ii - Pafs under the Vizier's StaJ, and one under my own : Which ever of thrfe you chult. to accept, act agreeably } but ftiould neither of them be agreeable to you, you are your < own Matter, therefore fend the PafTes back to me " This Litter was dilpstched in the Morning, and in the Afternoon I received One in / Reply to mine of the i6th : th M " Your 8 rac ' ous Letter is received, and the Particulars compreher.ded. You 7tniviay. t( writCj , nat thjs Country is not come into the Pofleflion of the Englifn ; l>ut, " in confrqnenCe of Engagements between the Engli/h and Vi/,ier to give him Atiittancr, " their Troops came into this Country, of which the Vizier is now Lord : That agreeably ' to the Letter, having told all the Particulars to the Nabob, his r leafure is this, That no Chief of the Rohilla Tribe (hall have Settlerr.ent in this Country ; therefore thav *' in this Matter J fliould attempt no farther. The Cafe is this: J have never acted in *' fuch Manner that the Viz:er fliould have taken Hatred to his Heart aK.ainft me, but *' it was the Disturbances of oihcr Cniefs which afflicted his noble Heart ; in that J am *' guiltlefs : Therefore 1 trouble you, that if this Country is not in your Polieflion, the *' Management of it finally will be p^t into the Hands of others ; it is better therefore , *' to accept it from ire. If it is in the Nabob's Dominion, foregoing every other Con- f ' neftion, 1 will take it through your We*jiS, 1 am ia Hoces tht ti:e Nabob's Favoor " beinj APPENDIX, N 45. being regained, that this Coun'ry will be put under my Charge ; 2nd whatever y " o;hers may offer for it, I will hind myfeit' to periorm. In Reply to Leaers received " trom ;he Vizier, calling me in to hirr, I have r-plied, That whatever. ir./ oe bis Pleafure regarding me, he (hall adviie you of it, that by your Means I may come to < his Prrfrnce. Your Braverv and Generofily is as evident as the Sun j and whoever lofes his Country by War, is again repJaced in it. 1 wifli to take it (the Country) " purely through you ; then by your Favour 1st us not lofe our Country. In the Does of Friendfhip and Fidelity I will never fail, and wnile I live I fhail be obedient to your " Commands. Abdulthum Khan and Huckahmet Oulla 1 have fent to you. In the ' Matter of my Offer for receiving the Country of my Father, whatever is my Ability *' to give, they will rsprefent to you ; agreeably to that, {hewing the Dues of Lordlinef* " and Compafiion, your Fame will refound though the World." The Offers which the Vackeel made in the Name of his Mailer are mentioned in my Letter to the Governor of the zgth May. Fr im the Reinfiaterrent of Sujah ul Dowla in his own Dominions, the Powers of Hin- dottan had conceived the Englifh to be a People of unparalleled Magnanimity, as cele- bra ed fr>r their Juftice and Humanity as for their Bravery and Generality : This is evident from the Stile of their Letteis which were addrefled to me. I thought nothing could be more honourable to our .Nation than the Support of fa exalted a Charafler; and whilil it could be done on Terms fo advantageous as an annual Increafe of near 400,000 to the Revenues of our Ally, and an immediaie Acquifition of of above 3co,coo to the Company, for their Influence in effecting an Accommodation perfectly confiftent with their Engagements to the Vizier, who would have thus derive* more than a realonable Advantage from that Manner of terminating the War ; I fuppofei it very unlikely that the Vackeel's Propofition Should be received with Indifference. They were not, it is true, agreeable to the Vizier ; they were not favourable to hi ambitious Defignp, nor to his inhuman Plan of Extirpation, ... I informed the Governor of Sujah's having received them with D'tf* Ma y* dain j and whtn I candidly tc!J his Excellency that I (hould aft in Matter agreeably to the Orders of Government, he anticipated the Anfwtr which I received, by faying, " Mr. Haflingt -will tell you at I do." But though his Excellency gave himfelf the Liberty of divining this, how wa it pof- fible that I fhould believe that we wrre to confult the Vizier's Interrft and Aggrandize- ment only ; 1 could not as a Company's Servant, give place to fuch an Idea. I knew that Sujah's Acquififions in Plunder had exceeded the Expence* of the Cam- paign, even including the Forty Lacks which he had promifed to pay to the Company; I had with Regret obferved, that the Part which the Englifh took in the War broug'ht their national Character into the higheft Difrepute; I had remarked, and all the Officers in the Army hd remarked, that h.s Excellency's H*ughtinefs increaled with the Power which we put into his Hands. Independent therefore of the immenfe pecuniary Confiderations which I have men- tioned, nothing could be more confident with what 1 conceived to be the l/nereft of the Company, than embracing the Opportunity which presented itftlf of having a ftanding Army of 15 or ao.ooo, and in Cafe of Emergency, 5aor 6o,coo Afgbsns ready to affifr in repelling any of the Powers to the Weftwaid of the Ganges, or to crufh the growing Infolence of the Vizier himfrlf. Knowing that v.eowe Eftiblifh-Tifnt in this Country to th? Want of Unanimity amongft the Natives, I had always underltocd it tvhave teen an Axiom in ourSyftem of Politic!, that it was our Fart to endeavour at keeping the Howtr uf ihr Country Princes a' much upon a:i Equipoife *s pofliblc, I<:(1 by le;ig hening the Svvor4<;f One, he (hould deftroy his Neighbour, and become formidable to ourftlves. It was upon this Principle that a Deputation was a few Years aeo fent at a great Ex- pence to the Company, to limit the i crces of Sujah Dcwla, when they were far lefs numerous :han at prefent. Thus, Gentlemen, as has heen already obferved, 1 was induced to think it vrry pro- bable that the Overtures of theRohilla Cuief would have heen total, y cMVttfarded, nor could I ever be poffibiy reconciled to myfelr, had 1 prelumed to have withheld them trom the Knowleoge cf Government. i therefore referred the Propofals to the AHroiniftrafi^n through the Hcnourab'e the Go- %ern-jr^ ano 1 rcUtcl with teal SatislaClion on having doce io. I Hull APPENDIX, N 45. . " I tin!! he extremely slid if, upon dj>p Co'ifi'Ienti'm of them, any nc , a Means can be deviled 'by whkh ihe publu- Goid may be promoted. C JV 1 vvifli for nothing fo much as that Come Meafurr may he adopted that :-.'fnor, m ,< wi j, ftri[ce a]) the Powers e r t h e Eart wlin Admiration of our Jufiice, *"* ' in Contraft to the Viziei's Conduft." In the Mean Time, however, I wrote the following Anfwer to Fyzoolla : " I acquaint you, that your agreeable Letter by your Vackeel is received, and gives me " Pleasure. The Contents are cleirly underftood. In your Bafmefs J have had a good ' deal of Converfation with the Na'.-ob Vizier, but he will not content that either you ' or any other Perfon (Ro'nilla) Hull have one Foot of Land in this Country; but the Vizier offers you the fame Quantity of Country you have pofieffed herein the Province ' of Doab. If you chufe to accept of this, it is well ; if not, there is no other choice. " Had the Vizier accepted oi your Propofal, i 1 would have given me much Pleafuie, *' but in regard to the Country, the Vizier is LoH. Further Correipondence on this " Matter will be fruitlefs, on which Account I write you explicitly." With this Let'er I defired the V.ckee! to return to his Maftsr, telling him J could do nothing in his Affairs c f my own Authority, but that I would make his offers known to the Gentlemen at Calcutta, and afterwards advife Fy/oolla of their Plsafure. The Vackeel, however, fcnc th- Letter by another Perfon, and intreated 28th May, Permifiion to remain in Camp till 1 Should hear from the Ptefidency j which I granted, as intimated to the Govsinor. I had no further IntercourCc with Fyzoolla until the 7th Junr, when, in confequence of a Report that Lieutenant Redman and Two o her European Dcferters were with him, 1 defired he would fend them forthwith to my Camp. On the 8th of the fame Month being advifed, as well through his Excellency as by Other intelligence, that the King had invited over the Rohillas ; and the Vizier and jnyfelf being of Opinion that the Confequences of their joining his Majfty would prove prejudiciil to his Excellency's future Peace, efpecially in cafe of a Maratta War, of which he feemed very apprehenfive, I addreffed Fyzoolla as follows : " Hearing at this Time that Letters are arri*e 4 with you from his Majefty, wherein ** he ftrongly enjoins you tn come to him without any Apprehenfions, I write ye, that hav- ' ing clearly reprefented your Condition to the Board at Calcutta, and in a friendly Man- *' ner having recommended the Settlement of them to the Governor, I wait inr patiently for Replies. In this Cafe I think it neceffary and advifeable that ye do not corr p y with the King's Defues until Anfwers come from Calcutta ; whenever they do ; -ing to our Advices, made very early Application to Timur Shah for Af- fiftanct, whi^i i-e Vizier wss apprehenfivs v/ould be granted. His Viajefty Shah Allum, it was feid, had invited the Moraitas ; he flood chiefly in need of Money to profecute his Defigns; Fyzooi.a was Mailer of a large Sum; the infeiior Chiefs were alfo pofleffed of Riilies; the Seiks were ready to join them; in fliort, they muft at leaft have eafily etiabl./hed themfelves in the Doab, and have b.-tn able to hae kept the Vizier in a State of Difqmetude during the Remainder of his Lite. This Letter had the defired Etitd, and the Liftrning to it proved theCau; of much Sclf-difapprobation to the RohilU. Nothing further pafled between Fyzoolla Khan and me till the Z5th June, when, on Receipt of new Advice regarding, Redman, a Copy of which was fent to the Governor, I again demanded the Deferrer. No other Circumftance occurred regarding the Rohilias till the 7th July ; on the Morn- ing of that Day I received a Meffage from the Nabob, defiring me to /end away the Vackeel, for which his Reafons may be collected from what follows : After the F<>11 of Hafiz. the Vizier, as has been elfewhere obferveH, became extremely arrogant} it is well known that een his People carried themfelves haught'ly uj the Eng- lilh Officer s, and we fliall hereafter have Uccaflon to mention; a very remarkable and dating Jnftanie APPENDIX, N 45 Inftance of it. Great Pains were taken to imprefs the Nitives of Tnli, :hjt ,n a Fi.te-Nama, publiiTied in many Parts of his Country on Account of the Victory, th-; ETjii/h Troi;;:s were not fo much as mentioned ; ami it is an undoubted Truth, (hat feveral Officers, when on their Way to the Army (One of them now in Tcwn) were afned, if the Englilh had been at the Defeat of Hafiz ? The CircumRances of the En^Hfn b^in;; in his Pay, and linger his abf'jlute Direction, were circulated with great Imjufiry ; nay, fo indif.rcet was his Excellency, in the Ufe o" the Command which it nad been thought proper to confer on him over the Company'! Troops, thnt our own Sepoys could not btlp obftrving the Difference between thrf- and formfr Times; " Now, the Saheb Loque (Gentlemen) muft run at his Nod, and mutt " halt at his N,>J." As the Vackeei's remaining in Camp was therefore not favourable to ths Vitws with which thefe Reports were fpread Abroad, and tended to render the Vizier's unlimited Au- thority over the Engiilh Arrny doubtful to the Country P,>wsr, his Excellency rtrquefled his Difmiflion. I had been directed to consider our Government in a Secondary- Point of View only ; and having myi'elf no particular Delire for the Vackeei's P;ef- ce, I indulged the Viziei in hit Wiflies, and immediately div;'c"Kci hit) to r-turn, promiling to acquaint his Mafttr ot the Anfwer which mould be received from Cslcutra. It happened to arrive that very Ddy, and I gave the Vickeel the following Letter to carry to FyzoolU r.s a final AnfAfr: 'I laid the S'are of vour Affrirs before the Board, and impatiently a-.vaitfd their Aflfwer ; *ccnrrii;:z:y this D*y it arrived, and they virile, that the RohiiU Country being in the PoiTVffion of th: NaboS Viii-r, and h: the Ruler thereof, whatever he may chufe to do in th?. Settlement of it, it would' not be proper for them to interfere th-r.-in. I in conlVqix-nce ac*vife you, that as thfy have written that they cannot in- terfere, that without their Concurrence I alone am net able to do it, I have txerted the Effects of Friendship and Ability in your Concerns, as Abdulrhum Khan, who it here, is well convinced of: Hiving now difmifled him, he will return to you, and, telling you all i'ardcvhrs, will afiure you, that I have done every Thing 1 was able j " but now I can do no mur^." Early in the Mornine of tl.e 3ih July, the Vackeel took his Departure, lamenting hii Want of Succefs, and prefrging the Dilgrace into which he actually fell with his Mafter and his Tribe*, for not hiving immediately retur.ie^, in confequence of my Letter to Fyznolla of the a8th MHV, and being thereby in fome Meafore the Caufe of thtir not croffing the G-inae^, and decoying them into imaginary Security. On the Qth, Ad'/ices being received that Supplies of Grain were fent to Fyzoolla's Re- trea-, from the Diflric"t8 of Zabitj Khan, tha Firft Omrah of the Empire, J wrote to him, defiring he would peremptorily forbid his People to furnifh the Enemy with Pro- v;fions. I had vry early fignifird to the Governor how exceedingly difagrecable I found my Si- tuation. The unna!idfome Manner in which, I nnuft be pardoned to fay, I thought my- felf treated, on account of the Notice I took of the Impropriety that had appeared to roe in repofing a greater Tuirt in the Vizier than in the Company's Commander in Chief, had determined me to retuin to the Prefidency as foon as the Rivers ftiould have fwellec, either to ruv= Matters put upon a more becoming Footing, or to have taken my Leave for Eng- land ; which, in cafe of Failure in this Particular, I had refolved to do, even if no Suc- ceflot feould arrive. , , . , Accordingly I had made Preparations for my Journey downwards, and had J u y* declared my Intention of quitting Camp on the sjth. , . . In the mean Time, however, Mr Middleton, the Refident at the Victet'j r * Court, brought me a MetTdge expreflive of bis Excellency's WitTics, that rhe Army (h.-.uld take the Field. Next Day 1 waited upon him, and the following is the Sub- ftance of the Conversion which pafled : Mv Reafon for fending Mr. Middleton was this : Mr. Haftings ria? hinted to ma to " effectually fet.le this Country as foon as I poflibly can, that in cafs another Enemy * The Vackeel continued a confidence Time in Difgraee, and his Excellency v..-r. r j much fdtiified of the Services of this Man, that he confsirtd a Jaghiic of' 5,000 Rupees' ftr Annum upon him after the Peace, ftould APPENDIX, N 4$. ' (hould appear after the Rain?, and perhaps both the Marattas ar.d Tifnur Slab may, t " may be able to withdraw ir.y Trooos fiom this Country without any Rifle of its being *' attacked ; anc! on this Account, if the Colonel approves, we will move towards Fy- " zoolla Khan, who cannot efcape, ant! may be got at without much Difficulty." J replied, " That as the Seafon was fo far advanced, and the Camp Equipage extremely bad, I wifhed to avoid moving now, as it would be attended with the Lois of a Num- ' ber of Men, but advifed the Vizier to fend more Troops to Moradabad ; that I would " now advance fome Battalions, and if the Enemy came down from their preient Situa- *' tion, would march with the Brigade to oppofe them j adding, that if I remained btie t I would move with the Army towards them at the latter End of the Rains, and before they could get away." All this was approved of , On the 1910, I advifed the Select Committee of thefe Circumftances, and informed them that I believed I mould be under the Neceffuy of marching, although I was apprc- 'henfive the Oonfeqnences would prove fatal to the Troops. In the Interim, I took every poffible Meafure towards a fudden Movement 5 but I heard nothing more from the Nabob himfelf on the Subjeft till the ajd, when he acquainted me he had tent forward Part of his Troops, and defired the Brigade might alfo march. u 7 i In the Evening, I fent my Interpreter, and the next Morning waited upon *4 J y* him myfelf, as well to reprefent how nsceffiry it was to march at that Seafon, as the Difadvamages with which I thought our Movement would be attended j but finding him bent on the Expedition, I gave into his Meafure, and took the Precaution enjoined by Adminiftration, of requiring a Letter from his Excelknry, exprefling the Necefiity of taking the Field ; which he accordingly fent me. , , . The fame Day I addreiTed the Select Committee, acquainting them of thefe * * ^' Circumftances, and alfo iffued Orders for the Troops to hold themielves ia Readinefs to march. * I I paid bis Excellency a Vifit, and informed him, that in confequence of 5 J u y his Requifition, the Brigade fliould be got in Readinefs to inarch as ioon as pofTible. The fame Day another Vackeel arrived from Fyzoolla in my Camp j but he was in- ftantly difmifled. 6th Tul " was taken '*' ' Colonel Galliez, the Second in Command, was alfo ex- *" '* tremely iridifpofed. I reminded his Excellency of his being near Three Months in Arrears of Subfidy to the Troops, and obierved, that it was neceflary to fupply them with Money before the March. 27th July. Continued ill ; ordered the Tmops to march the ag'h in the Morning. , . Directed the Camp Equipage to be fent forward to Chandoufy. Colonel J u y* Galliez and myfelf very unwell. Supply of A in munition not yet arrived from the Boats ; at Night therefore countermanded the March of the Army. th Tul My Illnefs confi derabi y abated. Addreffed he Seled Corr.mittee. Order. 9 J *' ed the Army to march on the 3oth at Three o'Clock in the Morning. I was informed that our Carriage Cattle had been obliged to n;ake Two Trips for the Carcp Equipage. i j\. The Army accordingly broke Ground, and marched to the Encampment at 30 JU y. d,andoufy. And if you confider, Gentlemen, that we were unprovi Jed with the Neceflaries re- qnifite for the Security of our Ammunition' and Stores ; that great Pait of them being in the Boats diftant about Forty Miles, the Carriage to B ffoulee at that unfavnurable Seafon was attended with much Trouble and Delay, as well as Rifle of Damage j that many of the younger Gentlemen of the Army, whofe -Ulowanc'-s ir; the Field, however handfome they may be thought, are baieiy futfuient to indemnify tneir i xpences wheie the Necef- faries of Life beat fo exorbitant Prices, had, frcm Motives of Economy, difmifled their Coolies, in Confidence of our continuing in Cantonments d;iri' g the Rams; ihat feveral Hundreds of the Contractor's Drivers, and >n particular thofe attached to the Magazine and Artillery, ha'i ei'her deferred or b-en difcharged by his Agent; that it was with great ! if. ficulty even the Nabob's Influence, ja the Courfe of (everal Days, procured fo many of thefe necefTaiy People as enabled us. to proceed ; I fav, Gentlemen, hele Circumftancei tonfidered, it appears that the Army wa<- in Motion with uncommon Alacrity. I confefs 1 was, however, extremely eir.barrafiea iii MinJ, l*ft my Deure of pleafmg the Nabob fhguld fubjecl me to Reprchtalion, Accordingly APPENDIX, N 45- Accordingly you find, that in my Letter to the Select Committee, zgth July, I fludioufljf endeavoured to apologize for venturing to take fo much upon me. ' I deii! erateiy weighed in my M'nd, whether 1 /bould acquiefce in the Nabob's Re- " queft of moving higher; I difcovercii that my Hefitation gave him much DiflatiftVHon} " and it wa very perreptible, that it I had perfifted in remaining here, he would have " been imprefled with Doubts and jealotilies of the Sincerity of our Attachment towards " him, which 1 was appr*hrnlive would nfvcr be effectually effaced: But indeed hi " Conduct 10 advancing hi; Army above Thirty Cois in Front of our Troops, without " my Concurrence, rendered a Movement on my Part abfolutely neceiTary, for the Rea- " fons mentioned in my Addrefs cf the igth, &c. &c. and I hope, therefore, that the " Motives which have prevailed with me to comply with his Excellency's Requifition " wi! tectue to me the Honour of your Approbation." Nor will you be furprized. Gentle nen, chat I was anxious for fuch Approbation, when you fta.l have confidcrcd the C:i'?s which 1 had to be doubtful of obtaining it, and the inward Diiquiet whiri: thefe Doubrs occafioned. Firft, 1 remained in a State of difagreeable Sufpence, as to the Effect which the Treaty of Partition of the conquered Country between his Majefty and the Vizier might ha-.e. The Board had faid, " We cannot entertain fo bad an Opinion of the Vizier, as to , M " luppofe him capable of acting in avowed Breach of Traty ; but if any y ' Pisa of that Kind rtiould be made for contefting our R >* to occupy " any Part of the Rohilla Country yet ur.cfaquered, it would be proper tp put the Qyeftion " to him, Whfther inch Treaty dots exift or not? If he fhould acknowledge fuch a " Treaty, you mult undoubtedly ceaf: from farther Hoftilities in Abetment of his Breach " of Fa, tii." The King had lent me a Copy of the Treaty which had been fworn to on the Koran ; " Perha.V faid his Majefty, " the Nasob has forgot his Oath, it is fit you fliould re- " mind him of it." When 1 (Lewed his Excellency the Treaty, he acknowledged its Authenticity; he had not forgot his Oat'i, out he braved it : he alleged, that the Counterpart in his PofTeflion exprffleJ a Condition that his Majefly fhould take the Field in Perfon, and that his Failure in that Particular annulled the Tieaty, But when the original Counterpart which he put into the Hands of my Interpreter came to be examine J, it appeared there was no fuch Stipulation; nor indeed did it ever exift even vctbally, as may be underftood from NudjirT Khan's Declaration on that Subjeft, where lie (aid, " He had no Doubts of the Vizier's abiding by his Engage- ments." I fent Copies of both to the Committee, having been repeatedly r'efired to correfpond with them only; and as the above Sentiments of the Adminiftration feemed very favour- able toward* his Majclty, it was not clear to me, that fo frivolous an Excule would have been fanctified in Breach of lo folemn a Treaty ; I therefore mace a Reference to the Paragraph above quoted, and defm J the Committee would give me explicit Inftruflions regarding the Import ther?or ; nor was I a little anxious tor a Reply. Secondly, Af;er I had ag.-e^d to take the Field, aoJ before we marched, but when if. was too !ate to retract, 5 diicovered (hitt the Vizi et b< - !i vin g <" h' s Excellency had really got fuch a Letter, it was the nioft prevailing Argument with me, and 1 urged it accordingly in my Letters to trie selert Committee in f unification of my Conduct. But upon finding that :he Letter which the Vizier pretended to have juft received was no other than One he had got in Mjy, congratulating him on the Viclory, and " the " Ardour of his Cturage,'' and cai'ually recommending the Settlement of his Affairs in the Rohilla Country, I w^s much conc:rnev j , becaufe the Governor's Advice could apply to the rirefenc Tirr.e ; and if the Expedition fhould be difaoprovrd, it would not be in mj Powei to quote Mr. Haltings's Authority in favour of the Undertaking. Th.rJly, The Boaid had already declared trie Forty Lacks due to the Company. * As it they had had a Right! This is not the Language of Auxi iari?, but of Piln- tipals in the War. Rip. V. . * 3 K " Confiderinj APPENDIX, N 45. d Ma '* Con ^ er i n g our Right to the Sum ftipulated for the prefent Service a * " noio fully acquired, we have recommended to the Prefident to make immt- *' diate Application for the Payment of the Forty Lacks:" A formal Demand had ac- cordingly been made for the Money * j this was in effect avowing that they had already performed all tnat was incumbent on them, confequently that no further Service was due from their Troops without new Stipulation for the Advantage of the Company ; ano I intimated fome Time before pretty plainly, that this was my own Opinion. Had I not therefore great Reafon to be apprehenfive left I fhould be told by the Admi- niftration, that my Acquiefcence with the Vizier's Defires had rendered it impoffible for them to make fuch Stipulations with his Excellency? And I would a/k, Gentlemen, Whether the Treatment which I received in the Courfe of Correfpoadenee left me the fmalleft Room to doubt, that if any unfortunate Accident had happened during the Second Campaign, " of my own undertaking,'-' for fuch it would be termed, every Argument would be laid hold of to fcreen others from, ann faddle- me with the Indignation of the Company ? From what I have already faid, I think it muft appear that I had very forcible Reafons for the Difinclination which I informed the Select Committee I mould have at marching j and that in overcoming all thefe powerful Caufes of my Embarraffmcnt, I manifefted even a fuperlative Degree of Attention to his Excellency's Wifhes. But Fourthly, This will be ftill more evident, from the Circumftance of my having inarched while the Troops were near Three Months in Arrears of Pay; for though I had made Application to his Excellency on the a6th to pay up at leaft a Hart of the Arrearr, I had no Succefs ; he contented himfelf with fignifying pleafantly to fome of thofe about his perfon, " That he had no Silver then except in Bars, and that although he had Bart . " he had no Implements of Coinage." The only Obfervation that occurred to me on this Head was, That if he carried the Bars from his own Provinces, I was forry he had not brought tht neceflary Utenfils 5 and that if he found the Bars in the Rohilla Country to have been confident in his Plan, he fhould have forgot that he had them. But to enforce the Argument arifing from my having marched whilft the Troops were fo much in Arrears; T> j> r a Be pleafed to recollect, that, according to my Inftructions, I had r S p n ' : " full Authority not only to difcontinue the Operations, but to counter- ions, ar. 7. marcn with the Army,' in the Event of his Excellency's fuffe.-ing himfelf to be in Arrears of Subfidy for the Space of One Month after the Day on which it fljould have been paid. Now whilft it is evident, that, by adhering to the Orders of the Board, my ConiJuft could not be liable to Challenge, it is equally obvious, that, by acting thus in direct Contradiction to them, I fliewed a Condeiccnfion to his Excellency, which, independent of every other Confideration, is fully fufficient to deftroy the Calumnies with which this infidious Man would flab my Reputation ; for if I had been difpcfed to thwart his Incli- nations, I might have embraced this Opportunity of doing it in Security. Having therefore clearly eftablifiied the Falfity of the malicious Infinuations which havs been directed againfr, me, on Account of the Ohjedttons made to the Movement from Bif foulee, I fhall now proceed to fliew, that thofe which regard my fubfequent Conduct are no lefs fUnde.rous and void of Truth. Under every po/fible Difadvantage we took the Field, in Submiflion to the Caprice of this ungrateful Ally ; every Djffict Ity was ftruggied againft with uncommon Perfeverance, as you, Gentlemen, will be well convinced even from perufmg very fummary Minutes of Occurrences taken down by one of my Aic de Camps y, from which you will perceive that I p;rfjfted in keeping the Field, and dragging the Europe ins along, contrary to the written Opinion of the Surgeons. Our M*rch was as ezpeaido.js as the Seafon and'the Scarcity of Provifions would per- mit. His Excellency did me the Favour of a Vifit almoft every Morn;ng ; he told me of his Expectations -hat the Maratta? would make War on him as foon a poflible; a Re- port alfo prevailed that Timur Shah had determined to take the Field againft him j his Majefty Shari Allum was likewife exceedingly diflatisfied, and ready to adopt any Meafure * Remark of the Vizier, " The Board always ready to lay hold of an; Thing that would bear a l/'i''p'nr, j- See alfo a Pai-er marked l/> to APPENDIX, N" 45. to hnmiHate the Vizier; in fhort, according to all Advice*, there were great Appearances of a general Flame. The Nabob feemed therefore exceedingly uneafy, left the Rohillas fhould retire info the Country between the Mountains, and gain Time until his Attention fhould be called off by the Marattas to the Defence of his own Dominions, in which Cafe he would have tnemies in Front and Rear, and all his ambitious Schemes would fall to the Ground ; his Excellency therefore, on the nth of Auguft, propofed to me to make Overtures of Accommodation to the Rohillas. The Fropofitions were, That Fyzoolla mould deliver up half his Effects to the Vizier, who would give him a Diftrift fufficient for the Maintenance of 15,000 Men in the Country which his Excellency had lately taken from the Marattas. . Correfpondence between me and Fyzoolla had ceafed from the 7th July, ' when the Vackef 1 was difmified, till this Day, that I addreffed him, agree- able to the Vizier's Defire, enclofing a Copy of bit Excellency's Letter making the above Proportions. On the i4th I advifed the Committee of the Vizier's Wiflies and Propofal of fettling Matters amicably with the Rohillas. On the 15th I received a Reply from Fyzoolla, declining to accept the Country taken from the Marattas in the Doab ; obferving, that in cafe of their Approach, he muft either break his Engagements with the Vizier, and join them, or they would take the Country from him; he therefore tenoered Half his Effect to the Vizier, for a Settlement in the Rohilla Country equal to that which his Excellency offered in the Doab. Having communicated Fyzoolla's Letter to the Nabob, his Excellency on the iyth Auguft addreffed me thus: " I have perufed the Copy of Fyzoolla Khan's Letter that ye fent me, and under- " frand the Particulars : Do ye write him a Reply to this Purport ; That of whatever " Effects he has he will give me Half, and that I will give him Country in the Doab, " which I took from the Marattas, for the Maintenance or i 5,000 Men ; and that him *' and me will enter into mutual Agreements, to which the Englifh Gentlemen /hall ac- " cede ; that in future, if the Marattas attempt to take the aforefaid Country, I will " join and aflift Fyzoolla Khan to oppofe them. This Matter firmly agreed on and de- " termined, I enter into by Means of the En^li/h Gentlemen. Do you write to this " Purport to Fyzoolla Khan, that he may be fatUfied. I am ready to give t,he aforefaid ' quantity Country, and to aid and ail: ft him againll the Marattas } never never will 1 be " neglectful in this Matter." Accordingly I wrote to Fyzoolla Khan, inclofing a Copy of his Excellency's Letter, recommending to him to accept of the Conditions, or at leaft to come and difcourfe on the Subject. In Reply he obferved, that he was unable to write fo much a 1 ? he had to fayj and re- quefted I would fend my Secretary to hear from him, and to relate to me all Particulars. His Defire being communicated to the Vizier, his Excellency wrote to me on the aoth, recommending a Compliance with it, and containing the necefiary Inftructioiu ; in con- fequence of which, I directed my Secretary to proceed immeoiately to the Rohilla Camp ; an i in order to obtain as much Information as poffible regarding ths Enemy's Poft, I avail- ed myfelf of this Opportunity of fending Lieutenant Bruce, the Field Engineer, to make hit OblervationSj that we might profit thereby, in cale ihe Enemy mould oblige us to auack them. On the lift of Auguft the Engineer fent me an Account of the Road to Lall Dang. " After crofling the Nullah at the Village Bujouree, Hiftant from your Camp about " 4$ Coft, we entered a low Jungle, in which are Two drfcrted Villages, the Wells of " which afford Plenty of good Water. Continuing our Courfe Northward Three Cofs " further, we arrived at the large Village of Ramnagur, to the North-weftward of which " is an open Space (i think) fufficiently large to enca/np the Brigade en ; rbi; mttfl be the " lafl Stage. Altering our Rout to N. N. W. aloqft the Font of the Hills, an alrnoK " MnfenetrMt Jungle ii.-;e> f arb Sitit of the Road. Aaorher D.fficulty the'Trocps will hive " to ftrugglc with k the Want of Wad- : Except a ki%er Two Cofs to the WVftward *' oi Ramnagur, v>e did nor men wiih a D"P / that Eltmr.t durir.r a Difitncc af Eifbe * 3 K z Cc/i, . APPENDIX, N 45. ' Cofi, when we arrived at the Rchilla Encamomeit. The Opening here is of " v?rv t'tt'e Extent, and mufl have been cleared by the Rohillas after their Flight to Lall Dang." At the fame Time that thefe Two Gentlemen were in the Enemy's Camp, Elich Khan, the Vizier's Minifter, had Agents there, offering all his Influence to effet a Settlement. This tended to give the Rohillas Confidence ; at the fame Time that Lieu- tenant Bruce, being recognized by People who had feen him furveying, created Sufpicions of uur Intentions. Fvzodla Khan however declared his Willingnefs to come to an Interview with the Vizier ; but his Chiefs would not confent to his leaving their ftrong Moid ; They propofcd to fend his eldeft Son, accompanied with feme of their own Number ; but his Excellency having refufed to receive them, and the Gentlemen being recalled on the 34th, Corre- fpondence dropped, and I refolved to move nearer the Enemy, in order, if pcflibie, more efte&ually to diftrefs them. On the *6th, attended by the Quartermafter-General, &c. I went Twelve Miles to re- connoitre the Country between the Ganges and the Jungles, leaving the Road which the Engineer had travelled to Lall Dang feveral Cofs to the right. On the 27th a Body of the Nabob's Troops were ordered by my Direction to proceed along the Banks of the River towards Ghandy-Gaur. The z8th I advanced with the Grenadier Corps Five Cofs; and the Brigade under the Command of Colonel Galliez inarched Three Cofs. I ftrengthened the advance Divifion of the Army, and gave the Command of it to Lieutenant Colonel Leflie. In eonfequence of an Advice which 1 had early given to ihe Viiier, a Party of Nudjif Khan's Troops had come aerofs the Doab, and ported thewfelvcs on ths oppofite Banks of the River, at Chandy-Gaut, to prevent all Supplies to the Enemy from the Weftern Side of the Ganges. On the 2g r h I rede out Fourteen Miles, to reconnoitre the Ramnagor Road. On the 3oth, ordered the Quartermafter General to pitch upon a Spot of Ground for the Brigade to encamp upon, between Lieutenant Colonel Lefiie's Camp and the Hills, and the Bri- gade accordingly took up that Ground the next Morning. ift September, accompanied by the Gentlemen of my Family, I fpent the Day with his Excellency upon the Banks of the Ganges. All this Time his Excellency was bufted in intriguing with the Rohillas ; Elich Khan, and the Abyfiinian Mahomed Bufliier Khan, by the Nabob's Defire, had fet their Emif- fariesat Work 5 and in this Manner the Nabob kept up a c. nftant Intercoutfe with the Enemy ; In eonfequence of which, on the zd of September his Excellency tranfrritted me a Letter which he had received from Fizoolla Khan, profefling Obedience ; and his Exce'^r lency alfo informed me, that the Rohilla Chief had fent a trufly Perfon to him to explain ail Matters. This Day I ordered Two Battalions of Grenadier Sepoys to hold themfelves in Readi- *K S K ne k to attend me car ly on ^e 3^, on a Party of Obfervation ; but, on ' account of a fevere Fall of Rain that Morning, I was obliged to counter- mand the Order, On the 4th however I went, efcorted by the fme more anxious trnn ever ta fettle with Fyzoolla, and in ordef to erTofr, it he (Lo- bied his Agents and his InJuftry. Oa the nth I received a Reply from the Seleft Committee tr> my Letters of the 9th and a,j.th July 5 and upon the Strength of the A, probation of my ConduQ in moving from Biilo;>lee, without waiting for an Anfwcr (o rny Andrefs of the zij'.h July, I frnt immediate Notice to his Excellency, that I would piefs upon the Enemy as foon as poffible. His Excellency vifued me on the aih, and without taking any Notice of my fcfefl\ge of the preceding Day, told me, That the Rohiilas were in the moft d.fti-effed Situation} that the Chiefs threatened ta defert Fyzool!. Upon my *dvifing him to offer them Ser- vice, he replied, that he had done fo, and allo Security to all who would quit the Enerr.y's Camp. Dut nothing can more c'early demonstrate how wifhful the Vizier was lo ar-id an At- tack, anH b'ing the Rohill.is to an Agreement} nothing can more incor.uflibly prove, that tlie De'ays which he wi>uld iirpjte to me were really his own, than the following Circuit) dance : On the I jth I refolvrd ro ride out as next Morning, to obfrrve what Proprrfs the M- bot>'? Biiciais and T..viivJ3is had made in dining the RcuiJ, and to penetrate 41. much further as I could :mo the Jungle, (or the Sake ot Cbfei vatinn ; expco\;M -.r^k: Fyzoo.'a Collector i,f the Revflues of RohiVund, allow- ing Six Lacks for hi* Expcnccs, and drfir^d J xvould therefore addrefs the Roi.illa to that Furpofe ; which I disi accor6Jng : y. His Excellency had (o m-my Sche - re<, and, fo maiy Agents to condul them, that it was impoiiib'e tq iruow his real Intentions ; but it was evident that he was departing from his former Refolutions. He had fome Time before refuful (o icceive Fyzoolla's fldeft Son, accompanied by fomr of the Pnntipal Chiefs, and he rud now net cniy jdmitted Twn Chiefs without the Son, but even fent feveral Sirdars to inyiie and conduct them to his Camp. On the lyth I acquainted the Governor of thefe Circumfhnrts, and on the iSth took Occafion to repeat the Offer ot the Service of the Troops, anJ to inform his Excellency that they were in Reariinefs. The Twr Vackeels rem .ined in his Camp, an his Excellency, or (land the Confequenccs ; v>hich was accordingly done in the following Letter: you would accede to his Propolals, that fomething /hould be fettled for every Chief with " ye. Now the Nabob Vizier has (aid, and has written this conformably to your Re- " queft. My Advice is this ; do you now come here and sgree to this, for I do not defire that the Blood of the People be Ipilt. IVotiv-s of Frienufliip induce me agjio to v.iite In the mean Time, however, our Works were carried on with all thepoffible Dilligence. Bufti-tighting all this Day between fmall fronting Parties of both Armies. A few Men of the Nabob's and of the Enemy's fold to be killed. Advifed the Committee of the Pofture of Affairs, and of the ld.1 Offer made to F>zoolla. Next Morning, ift Oflober, the Rohilla Chief fent an unsatisfactory Reply. I recon- noitred the Road leveral Miles in Front. Mar.y Shot fired by the Enemy. Pitched upon a Spot for efiablifhipgour Second Works. Aboat Nuon a Man came from Fyzoolla to info-m roe 'hat he would certainly come is rext Day. I could not give myfelf' L-ave ro rely implicitly on his AlTbrancesj having informeJ the Vizier of the C i re urr> fiance, he exprcffed a Satisf;me to inform me, that if our advanced Hanies were recalled Fyzoolla would come out. At N'oon Notice being >. it he was approaching, I fent a Fie! ' Officer and the Perfian Interpreter to ef cort him ihrough our advanced Parties . and on his Arrival irr.med^.te Advice beirg fent to Ins Exctlkno, he appointed the next Morning for receiving him. Accordingly r zoolia \v^s preiented to ihc Vizier on 'he Third ; at that Meeting no- thuig p4irea bat Coinpiiment j however his Excellency afterwaids aed'efied me thus : . 1 iei;t hiai with Two Lacks more j and Twcbe Lacks of ibe fUL.km.- Country, inciud- APPENDIX, N 45. " ing his former Diflricls, /hall be given as a Jaghire ; and of his EffVh Half frnll b<- " taken. In this Eftate of Twelve Lacks Fyzoolh Khan is at Libe'ty to keep 5 Perfons ' or 5000, but nc muft not keep one more than 5000; and to content him ana the Peo. * pie with him I will entertain in mv own Service from 10 to I<;,GOO, and they ihall be " Rationed where he chufes, and /hall receive their Pay from me." I communicated the Vizier's Pleafure to th- Rohil'a in the Evening ; he acknowledged the Gewjrofjty, of the Offer, but remarked, that Twelve Lacks would be infuffici.- nt for the Maintenance of all his Relations and Dependants, and entreated I would requeft of the Vizier to ir, create the Jaghire. 1 /aid I would endeavour, but gave him no Hopes of Succefs 5 and the following is the Letter which J addfeffed to the Vizier on the Subjecl. ' vour me, however, with your Pleafute in Reply, His Excellency replied, that he could not do more for Fyzoolla Khan : Afterwards he fent his Minifter, Eiich Khan, requefting to make Enquiry concerning Fyzoolla Khan's Circumftances ar.d DeAres. This being done, ryzoolla gave in a Statement, fpecifying, that he had in Silver One Lack Fourteen tfioufend Rupees, and One Lack Seventeen thoufand Three hundred and Eighty- eight Gold iVIohurs, which he valueJ at 20 Berelly Rupees each, befioes his Jewels and other Effedb, of which he could not give an Efti.-nate without returning to his Entrench- ment. Ke Solicited Elich Khan to intercede for him with his Excellency for an Jn- ereafe of the Jdghbe j and upon Elich Khan's Report of thefe Matters, the Nabob addref- fed me thus : " Previous to this ye wrote rre, that Fyzoolla Khan would not accept of a Jaghire of " Twelve Lacks'of Rupees ; in Reply it was written, That if he would not accept of that " Sum ye would return him to the Entrenchment, as I would not give any Thing more. " After that 1 lent Elich Khan to ye, to learn the Conriition, See, of Fyzoolla Knan, and *' from his Report I find Fyzcoila Khan cef.ies ajaghire of 14 Lacks and 75,000 Rupees j " I therefore give you this Trouble to acquaint you, that (hat Sum is not very great, and ' in confideration of Fyzoolla Khan's coming in a Jaghire for 14 Lacks and 75,000 Rupees " fhall be given him. Do ye bring Fyzoolla Khan along with you hither 10 me To-morrow *' Morning, and 1 will give a [dghire for 14 Lacks and 75,000 Rupees, and I will take " Half nia i (Teds. When ye come J will have faither Converfation with ye." According to Ivs Excellency's Reqneft, I waited upnn him in 'h Morning of the 6th accompanied by Fyzoolla K-han, when they fettled the Terms of Accommodation. On the 7th, his Excellency vilited me j Fyzoolla Khan being frnt for, the mutual \Vritirjgs were framed by his Excellency, and the only Amendment made, at the Defirc of Fyzoolla, was, That he ftiould be at Liberty to correfyond with the Englilh. 1 remarked, that there was no Mention made of" the Divifion of the Effecls ; upon which his Excellency faid, He would OK contented with the Half, whatever it might be. It was afterwards found, however, that the OmiiTion was intentional, and wi'h a View to fqneeze Fyzoolla Khan as much as poffible: accordingly, from this Time till the I4th, ttii? Nabob's Mmilter and ryzoolla Khan had daily Conferences on that Subjeft. The RohilU advanced toe Equity of the Vizier's accepting Half his Effecls of every Kind, con- formably to his Excellency's original and repeated Stipulation; Elich Kruu jnfifled on receiving Money only : and I alfo, being willing to promote the Nabob's Imcteft ; Fyzoolla Wai APPENDIX, N45. v/as Importuned fo much that he was conflrilned to give Fifteen Lacks of Rupees in order to Satisfy the Vhier. A Difpute then arofe concerning the Species of Rupees ; Elich Khan was defired to go and fettle that I'oint, and he returned immediately, fiying, That his Excellency agreed to receive Bfrelly Rupees, and had alfo Signified his Wiflies to fee Fyzoolla Khan and me, as he intended to proceed next Day towards Fjzibad j I waited on him accordingly, and, after fome Conversation, we took leave. His Excellency marched very early next Morning ; an Altercation then enfued between Fyzoolla Khan and Elich Khan, regarding the'Value of the Gold Mohurs, which vis alfo compromifed by me, and my Decifion referred to his Excellency, who, in the Even- ing, tra.-r.'muted to me the following Letter : " The Pains and Trouble you have taken in fettling this Bufinefj of Fyzoolfa ' Khan is bryond the Power of Writ'ng to exprefi. In all Refpecls you have acled " to my Satisfaction, and in no Rcfpett contrary to it : I efletm this as pure Friendship " in you." Thus, Gentlemen, I have given you a particular Detail of the Tranfa&iont of the Campaign. All the Correfpondence which paflid between Fyzoolla Khan and me is bc- foie you. It appears that that carried on at BuToulce was duly communicated to the Vizier and to ths Governor; that the Propofition for renewing it came from the Nabob himfelf on the ir.h Oiflober j that the Continuation of it was at his exprefs Deftre ; that I did not take a lingle Step, from the Beginning to the End of this Bufinefs, but by his Di reclion and Approbation, with which you find the whole is clofed. In the Courfe of what has been premifed, I have therefore already fully confuted the Vizier's Calumnies; but I fliall neverthelefs glance over his Excellency's Letter once more, and take Notice of fuch Parts as may hitherto have eicapcd me. " Confider, my Friend," fays his Excellency repeatedly to Mr. HafHngs, ' that it was 11 my abiolute Determination to extirpate ibc Rvkih'at, and that I requrjied the AjJ'.ftar.ct of " tt'e Englfiftr that Purpofe." However well it Is known that his Excellency is equal to the barbarous Defign for whic^ he thus publicly and daringly avows h: folicited the Aid of the Euglifh, is it poflible we csn believe th^t the refpeftable Gentleman here traduced could have been privy to fo hor- rid a Puipofe ? Could he have fo entirely overcome th; Feelings of Humanity ? Could he have been fo loft to every Senfe of Honour, a* to proftitute the Engltfli Troopi, and to ftain the Glory of the BrituTi Name, by fubfcribing to a precompiled Mafl'aae? What is not his Excellency capable of advancing ? \ *' If the Colonel had ever confulted me on the Occafion, it tvcu'd not bav: Jitnifed \ ' but when I gave him a clear AnUver, and abfolutely refufed my Confent to the Pro- * pofals for an Accommodation, was it pioper lor him tj continue the Nejjociations ?" If I had not confulted him, Gentlemen, how could he have jefufed his Confent? I hive already ihewn, that the Moment I wss told it could not be for the fnterfft of the Company to receive Three hundred thoufand Pounds for their Influence as Mediators in an honourable Peace, which would have brought Four hundred thoufand Pounds annually into the Coffers of the Vizier, 1 fubmitted to the Authority with implicit Obedience, though I could not chime with the Propriety or Wifiom of the Doctrine. I fliould have thought myfeif excufable even if I had not confulted the Vizier on thij Occafion ; the Frft however is, that I did communicata all Country Correfpondence to Lira j but liis Excellency fcetr.s to h;ve an infuperable Antipathy to Truth. " At laft, perceiving that Fyzoolla Khan, encouraged by his Correfpondence with the ' Englifli, alfembled his Forces, and djily became more formiJab e, i aerermintd, though, " it was in the Height of the Rains, to bring him to Puniftimenr." One Part of this Sentence, like the former, deftroys and txlies the other : after the fet'ing in of the Raios ic was impoffibls Fyzoolla Khan could get a Reinforcement of RP. V. 3 L Men. APPENDIX, N 45. Men ; It was impoflible he could wim for them, becaufe be could not give them Grain to feed upon. But it is demonftrable that the Vizier himfelf did not believe what is written in that Paragraph ; he fays the Enemy were encouraged by the Englifli, and yet he would make the very fame Englifli bring thofe whom he alleges they favoured to Punifhment. This would indeed be an extraordinary Proof of his abfolute Power over us, but it would be to carry the Idea too far. The Vizier is wifer than to have undertaken an Ex- pedition depending on the Support of Troops fuppofed to be attached to bis Enemies. His Excellency knew perfectly well that I was anxious to return to Calcutta, and that I had determined to fet oft" in a very few Days ; if he had entertained any Sufpicicn of my Fidelity, would he not have gladly concealed his Intentions of moving till after my Departure? *' You certainly have not a Map of the Country, &c." I remember informing both the Vizier and the Committee that I would march to Ki- geebgur; but that I did not think myfelf authorized to go farther ; his Excellency ob- ferved, with an unbecoming Air of Ridicule, " If Nigeebgur is on the other Side of the ' Ganges, or of the Hills, no Matter ; the Englifli Troops (hall not go thither." Now, Gentlemen, I had told him that I would go to Nigeebgur ; wherefore then fuch a wanton Difplay of Petulance? The Impropriety of it neither efcaped the Notice of " his fmcere Well-wiflier," Mr. Middleton, or of my Interpreter. I pointed at it in my Letter to the Committee ; but they fuffered themfeives to overlook the Difrefpect fhewn, to their Commander in Chief, forge.ting, or chufing to forget, that an Indignity to him was in effecT: an Infult to the Government. " When we arrived afterwards at Patte-rgur, and Fyzoolla Khan wss at the Diftance " of 15 Cofs from us at the Foot of the Mountains, 1 determined to march forward and " attack him j the Colonel again delayed, &c." I have clearly eftablifliev', by his Excellency's own Letters, &c. in a regular Chain, that the Overtures of Accommodation made 011 the ijth Auguft, and the iubfequent Inter- courfe on that Subject, was at his exprefs Defire : The Truth is, That he never had an Idea of attacking the Enemy ; he had declared originally and invariably, that his Refolu- tion was " to flariie tbem" It was agreed on the 24th to approach nearer them ; on the 26th, I went Twelve Miles to look for Ground ; 27th, a Body of his Troops were ient forward by my Defire ; on the aSth,' the whole Army advanced; 29th, I rode Twenty-eight Miler, examining the Country; goth, the Quarter Mafter General pitched on Ground for the Brigade to ad- vance to, which they did on the 3lfl, in order completely to inviron the Enemy. zd September, I found that his Excellency was treating with the Enemy, that he had received a Vackeel ;'and you fee him bulled in the fame Manner during the Remainder of the Campaign. After I had offered him the Service of the Troops to ftorm the Enemy's Intrenchments, you find he denied me even the Liberty of reconnoitring. " For Four or Five Days after this, the 24-th Auguft, the Conferences were broke ofFj < after which Omar Khan, and Two other Sirdars, came from Fyzoolla to me with Pro- -' pofals of Peace. I afked them, Why they had taken fuch Mea lures as to oblige me to " march, againft them in the rainy Seafon ? They replied, We remained peaceably at the the dreadful Profpefts of which had made them endeavour to collect all the Grain they could before our near Approach. " Our joint Forces marched near the Encampment of Fyzoolla, and prepared to " attack it ; but there was ftill a private Intelligence between the Colonel and Fjrzoolla, ' encouraged by which Fjzoolla rode out of his own Encampment, and came to the " Colonel." It is aftonifhing with what Effrontery his Excellency advances thefe Untruths. I have already, Gentlemen, informed you of all the Intercourfe I ever had with the Row Julias : I did not write a Letter to any Native during the Campaign but fjch as went through my Interpreter; that Gentleman had my Perfian Seals in his Cuilody from the Time I left Banares in March till after my Return to Calcutta ^ and I defired that he and my Secretary, and every Peribn who may be iuppofed to have had any Share of my Con- fidence, be called before you and interrogated, whether they know or believe that I at any Time carried on any findhr Correfpondence with the Enemy? *' The Day Fyzoolla came out, the Engliih Troops were ready to quarrel with mine, &c." It is the Firft Time I have ever heard of it. Colonel Leflie and Major Hannay, who commanded the advanced Divifion of the Artny, are in Town, and will, I am perfuaded, if called upon, fati^fy you that this Al- legation is totally void or Foundation. " I wrote to the Colonel, that if Fyzoolla would not agree to thefe Offers, to fend him " awiy ; I allo fent Mahomed Elicit K.iian to explain tbtfe Particular} more fully to he ** Colonel." What Explanation did fo exprefs a Defire require ? The Vi z i er ' s O wn Letter of the 5th Oclober, beft tells why he fent his Minifter } " I t( feut him to enquire into Fyzoolla's Condition, &c." " At lafl- 1 faw that I fhould difpleafe the Colonel by infifting on the former Conditions ; " 1 was compelled to give Fourteen Lacks and Seventy-five thoufaad Rupees of Coun- *' tr y>" The Condufion of my Letter of the 4th Oftober fpeaks for itfelf, how far I went in this Matter : " He (Fyznolla Khan) hope? ye will be pleafed to rpjke fome Addition ; and I alfo give " ye this Trouble, ;hat if ye think it proper ?n<) a^vifeable to comply, that ye will do fo; w favoui me however with ycur Pleasure in RtpLy." 3 L a v , It It was after Elich Khan's Interceffion and Report, that his Excellency refa'ved to make a fee/King Incrsaft of Two Lacks Seventy-five thoufand Rupees to the Twelve Lacks formerly offered'. You will admire his Excellency's AddreTa and Management in this Bufinefs. Jnftead of making a real Addition to the Jaghire, he gave DiftridVs, which had till then only paid Twelve Lacks Forty-five thoufand Rupees, and obliged the Rohilla Chief to receive them at an increafed Valuation cf Four'efn f.acks Seventy- five thoufand Rupees; fo that in faft his Excellency only made an Addition of Forty-five thoufanci Rupees to the Twelve Lacks oftWrd in his Letter of the 3d October; ?nd in place of a Settlement of Fourteen Lacks Seventy. five thoufand, Fyzoolla only got a Jaghire of Twelve Lacks Foity-five theuland Rupees. " Briefly, after a gre^t deal of Trouble and Argumen% this Affair was thus fettled ; OUr Boundaries > b y W Y of Cundfe- bob's or.gmal Letters, ro prove how much he had decnvedThem? He h drprlvec I us of our Country, of our Riche-s, and even of our //,,, . 2n ^ not th May. , ^.sfied wul, rhat, he i, going to fend us Prifoners to Fyzabad ' W e ' fire no Country, no Riches, no Houf ; but at Biffoulee - rp r i,. T " ^E^^isSSaaass ?s. Opportunity, APPENDIX, N 45. Opportunity, he fet off again in a very few Day. In Thirty-two Hours he reached BifLulee, diftant above One hundred and Forty Miles from our Camp ^ but h.iving over- taken the Nabob and Mr. Middleton there, he found it convenient to abate his Hade, made Cafy Journies, and accompanied his Excellency to Lucknow. It is not obvious what Bufinefs Colonel Macleane, either in the Character of Commif* fary General of S'.ores, or Comptroller General of Accounts, could have with the Vizier j yet if his Excellency had faid that he ,had been confulting Mr. Macleane on Eltablifli- ments of that Nature, or on Subjects connected with his Office, I fliould h*ve beta willing to have thought fo. But when he declares that he has been convening with Col.mel Macleane, who was an entire Stranger to him, on Matters totally foreign to that Gentleman's Department 5 whf-n I confider that I received no Intimation from the Prefident regarding Colonel Macleane's Expedition ; that he did not trouble himfelf with the Duties of his Office, which was the only Pretence he had for his Journey ; when 1 confider that the Governor had been folicitous to prevent the Gentlemen of the Army from having Accel* to the Vizier j and that, notwithftanding a pofitive Prohibition againft any Officer's vifiting the Nabob without my Permiffion, Colonel Macleane had a particular and private Intro- auction to him : In fliort, whin h>s Hurry to join the Army, his abrupt Departure, his rapid Journey to Bifloulee, his fudden and extraordinary Intimacy with the Vizier, his private Conferences with his Excellency as a Bofom Friend, his couiteous Jaunt to Luck- now, his porting from thence in Ten Days, and arriving at Calcutta nearly about the fam Time with the Vizier's Letter ; I fay, when thefe and other Circumftances are confidered collectively, I cannot help thinking it imooffible that all could be Accident. It is not eafy to develope Tranfactions ot this Nature 5 but his Excellency was ill-advifcd when he wiote, " I have related all more particularly to Colonel Macleans, who will " inform you of them." This unguarded Sentence reflects a great deal of Light, and the Veil is no longer more than a Cobweb. I am concerned that his Excellency took the Liberty of treating C .lonel Macleane fo wngracefuliy, as to make him the Vehicle of fuch Malevolence and Calumny ; and I am exceedingly furprized that the Gentleman could condefcend to become- an Agent in fuch a Bufinefs : At all Events, it wcul 1 have been no more than candid in Colonel Macleane, when he did me the Favour of defiring to audit my Bills before the Reftgnation of his Office, to have informed me of thefe Manoeuvring*. " Mr. Middleton will alfo write you on thefe Subjects} I ccnfult him on all " Affairs." Here his Excellency has removed the Curtain entirely ; and although he has not per- haps brought forth all the Characters who were buried behind it, yet fuch Hints have ' efcaped him, as leave us very little at a Lofs for the complete Dramatis Perfonae. " I am very much pleafed with Mr. Middleton's gooj Conduct ; he is a very fenfible, " intelligent Man, and a very fincere Well-wifher of mine." If I did not think favourably of Mr. Middleton, I ih.mld be induced, from his Excel- lency's Mode of Exprefiion, to believe that the one had agreed to found the Eulogium of the other. fl I have been fyoken to on this Svbjeft by the Colonel, who fays, that Mr. Midrlleton *' was appointed to collect the Money due to the Company, and that he has no Bufinefs " to interfere in any other Matter." This Paragraph bears fo little Connection with the preceding Parts of the Letter, that it feems rathei introduced as a Complaint of Mr. Middleton's than of his Excellency. It is true I thought Mr. Middleton rather officious, and I repeatedly declared that he had no B.ifme.'s with military Affairs ; but as 1 afterwards had it unde,r a refpfctable Sig- nature, that the young Gentleman did not concern himfelf in fuch Matters, J was willing, ti;l now, to have perfuaded mjfelf that I had been miftaken. REP.V. * 3 L I wot.U The Troops had been negledted l>y the Viz'er, and were greatly difcontente<5 ; the Confequence of Diforder amongft them threatened Deftruftion to us alt. The Vizier's uniform Plan was to have Jiarved the Enemy into Terms ; my Inclinations to Men y were proportioned to that Degree of Odium which our Concern in the Rohilla Perfecution had brought upon us. The Idea 1 had formed upon the Faith of good Intelligence, of the Strength of the Enemy's Pod, made me believe our Succefs would be very precarious} and the Opinions of the Engineers, which I afterwards took, will fatisfy you, Gentle- men, that it was fortunate we were not obliged to rifk the Reputation of our Arms, and all the Advantages we had gained fo nnnecefTarily. Lieutenant Bruce, whofe Opi- nion of the Spirit and Difpofition of the Rohillas you have feen, talking of their Poft, fays, "From this the Road leads direftly under the Hills to a Second PafTage over the SewafTa, where, from the Heights a Handful of rejdute Men are capable of cpp'firg a ton- fiderMe Army. " To the Southward of the River lies the Spot where the Families of the Rohillas " refideri ; but before we could reach that, it would have been abfolutely necefiary to have ' gained the Summit of the furrounding Hills \ the Slaughter that would have been the " Confequence of fuch an Attempt, if we ccnfider that the Rohilias were fighting for " their Families, muft undoubtedly have been dreadful" Captain Penman exprefTes himfelf thus For a further Illuftration of this Subject, I produce Copies of the Plans taken by thefe Two Engineers, and of their Opinions at large, Even the fuileff Instructions from the Select Committee, which, by the Way, let me obferve, I did not receive till after the Peace, did nut authorize me to proceed into the Hill Country at all j and yet the Enemy were adtually entrenched between the Hilis. The Defire of fatisfying the Vizier, however, and my Wiihes of obliging thofe whom I knew fupported his Excellency, had prevailed on use to go much greater Lengths than perhaps 1 ought to have done. I had acquainted.the Committee on the lyth Auguft of the Vizier's being in Poflerfion of Pattergur, &c. " The main Body of the Rohiilas, faid fiill to confift of about Forty " thoufand, are penned up at Lall Dang, within Sixteen Cofs of us, &c." In Anfwer the Committee were pleafed to exprefs themfelves thus : " The Service being completed wherein the Brigade was engaged under your Com- " mand, a Repetition of our Thanks is due to vou, and to the Troops who ef- reeled it." , Thus, Gentlirnen, although they were arlvifed of the Enemy's being within fo Ihort a Diftance of us, they again pronounced the Service completed. I beg yor Attention to the Situation in which the Receipt of this Letter placed me. When it came to Hand I was within Six Cofs of the Enemy ; and let the Event have been what it would, I muft have pufhed forward, if the Rohillas had perfifted in declining the Vizier's Offer. What would have been the Confequence if the Army had bren repulfed or greatly thinned, which muft have been the Cafe even upon the moft favourable Suppofition. Would not the above Paragraph have been laid hold of to throw the Whole upon my Shoulders ? The Company would have had great Reafon to fsy, our Adminiflration made a ftrange Bargain with the Vizier, and our Commander in Chief has been obfliiiate in Servility. Our APPENDIX, N 45. Our Prefident ftipulated, that we fliould receive Forty Lacks if an Agreement took Place between Sujah and the Rohillas j we were to receive Forty Lacks if Half the Rohilli Country was conquered, and we are to receive no more for fubJuing the Whole. Our Adminiftration declared the Forty Lacks to be due in May ; Payment was de- manded early in June} and yet a Second Expedition was undertaken, and approved of, without any Regaid to our Intereft, or making any new Stipulation for our Advantage. Not content with reducing the whole Country, our Commander in Chief took upon himfelf, even after the Aminifrration had a Second Time declared the Service completed, to embark in a dangerous Undertaking, and, without the Shadow of Advantage to us, has precipitated our Army to Destruction, and endangered even our Exiftence in Indoftan. Such would very naturally be the Language of the Gentlemen in the Direction, had their Army been repelled, or had they even been victorious at the Expence of a great Num- ber of Lives unneceffarily thrown away j and I muft confefs that I think their higheft In- dignation would b: moft juftly excittd. Suppoiing, however, our Saccefs out of the Qiiefrion, and that the Rohillas had all been cut off, whit Benefit would have de r ived what Profit to the Company ? The Adminiftration had declared the Forty Lacks due in May, and they were not to reap any farther Advantage} but admitting, for a Moment, that the Gentlemen in Led- enhall Street were of fo forgiving a Difpofition as to overlook the Neglect of the Com- pany's Intereft, would they not be incenfed at the wanton Sacrifice of above One hundred thoufand Lives ? The Language of the Britifli Senate on fuch an Occafion would be very feriouss We condefcend to admit of your keeping a military Force for the Prefervation of your Factories and the Protection of yfur Trade ; you have abufed our Indulgences, have en- tered into an unproyoked War, have hired out his Majefty's Subjects for your private Emolument, and, to crown all, have brought an indelible Stain on your Country by the MaiTacre of an innocent People. The Company would throw the Bl?me upon their Adminiftation, and thefe Gentlemen would endeavour to transfer it to the Commander in Chief. I thank God it is out of their Power : I have often fuccefsfully fought the Battles of the Company, and have acquired them Riches, and to myfelf Renown; I have been the Aflerter of their neglected Rights; I have been mercifully difpofed towards a persecuted Peoplr, and have endeavoured to alleviate the Affliction of the miferable and unhappy j I have ftood forth for the Honour of Humanity, and for the Glory of my King and of my Country. If thefe are Crimes, Gentlemen, permit me to /land condemned, and, worfe than' Death, let the Sentence be Dimonour : But if thefe are not Crimes, let thefe beware who have wantonly accufed me of their being fo. I fliould now, Gentlemen, offer an Apology for the Prolixity of this Addrefs, but that would be to fpin it out longer: I have an Apology to make, but it is of a very different Nature ; it is for that implicit Submiflion, bordering, I am afraid, on extreme Humility, which I manifefteJ towards the Vizier, and towards thofe who fupported him. M i' r arv Men have in this Country flood always in a difagreeable Predicament: lorded over by r very young Man who could fcrawl a Wafte-book, or pod a Ledger, the Soldier's lire was fmothered j or, if from any Officer a Spark of Liberty broke forth, thofe Gen- tlemen, grown up to Counfellcrs, pronounced his Fate DISMISSION. And although fuch a Fate could not prevail on me to act in any Manner inconfiftent with Honour, yet it muft be allowed, that fuch a Consideration would weigh much with every Man of Prudence, who had dedicated his Life to the Service, and had been habitu- ated to the Obedience of many Orders repugnant to his own Feelings. I will not trefpa's longer on your Patience, Gentlemen : To conclude therefore, It is an ealy Matter to accufe, but Allegations unfupported, as the Vizier's, fall of themfelves. Confcious that no Man was ever more injuriously afperfed than I have be-n, and fenfible of the Difrepute into which his Excellency has irrecoverably plunged himlelf, it might pei haps be enough for me to have faid, I defy the Slanderer ; and it is not incumbent upon me to prove a Negative. It APPENDIX, N 4$, It too frequently happens, that the tnoft irreproachable are thus malicio'afly accafed ; anuld undoubted- ly go over to the Jjuts (in whofe Service he was from the Time i>f t!,c Defeat 3 M i ef APPENDIX, N 46. of the Nibob Sujah ul Do\vla at Buccar, till his Ma'efty ftnt for aim to the Prefence), and caufe the utmoft Detriment to Affairs. I have already intercepted Letters from him to the Chief of the Jaurs and Marattas ; but as Things are now circumftanced I have not thought proper to take any Notice of it ; but have given the ftricled Charge to all the Hircarrahs to be vigilant 5 preventing any Correfpondence between him and the Enemy, The Marattas at Ir.dore and Aujene, who are engaged in a Civil W?.r, have made Appli- cation for Sumro. I am well acquainted with his Villainy, and fee the Impropriety of retaining him in my Service, would the Situation uf my Affairs admit of my difmifiing him; but this is not a Time to take fuch a Step. I am well convinced, that were I to apply tothe Company for the Affiftanee of a Body of their Forces, th:y wou'd he imme- diately fent me, yet I cannot think it advifeable to difmifs him at prefent. As foon as I am in Poffeflion of the Fort of Deeg, I will give the Villain his D'if.harge, and will en- deavour to diftrefs and ruin him; With fuch a* lo.'k no further than the Outfide of Things, my Character will fuffer for a Conducl which Keceffity has impofed upon me ; no ether Confideration could have induced me to take into my Service an Enemy to the Englifh Company, and thereby to incur a bad Name: That ! hav: do;;e !o, h:.s been en- tirely owing to Neceffity. I entertain the finrereft Attachment and Submiflion to the Company, and will never aft contrary thereto. I declare from the Bottom of my Heart, thatl regard all the Enemies of the Company as my Enemies, and their Friends as mine. The Friendship and Connection eflablifhed between the Company and me fhal! neVer be broken on my Part. You may reft allured, that I am amonaft ifte Nu-nber of thofe who pay implicit Obedience to the Company. I have faithfully related to you 'the Events that have happened in this Quarter. As foon as am relieved from th- Difficulties of the pre- fent Undertaking, you will fee whether 1 mean to encourage him or not, and may then iudge of the Sincerity of my Profeffions. Soon after the Daceafe of the Nabob Sujah ul Dowla, the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah, with the Advice of his ne'.v-raifed Minifters, dif patched Mahomed Elich Khan to the Prefcnce, to negociate the Affair of the Kellats ef the Vizerat Toopeckana, &c. who accordingly applied himfelf to the Execution of the Truft repofed in him. In the mean Ti;ne the Minifters inftiilen eroundlefs Opinions into the.Mind sf the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah, that Mahomed Elich Khan was not ap- proved of by his Majefty as the Nee,ociator of the Affairs of the Killats, that it was there- tore neccffary to fend fome other Peribn by whom it might be brought to a fpsedy Con. rlufjon. The Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah immediately recalled Mahomed Elich Knan and fent another Agent to the Prefence ; notwithftanding which, he has not to this Day obtained the Enris propofed. Mahomed Elich Khan began his Journey to the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah by th's Route, and meeting with my Army, he flopped and paid me a Vifit. In the mean Time the Nabob Afjph ul Dowlah deprived Mahomed Elich Khan of every one of his Potts, and beftowed them on Morteza Khan. Mahomed Elich Khan mentioned, to me, that 'he Minifter of the Nabob Afoph ui Dowlah being jealous of him, would never reft vhilfi he was employed by the Nabob : That he was under Apprehen- fion for his Life and H-nr.ur ; and that he could not venture to proceed to ths Prefence of the Nabob, except through the Means of the Englifli Chijfs. I wrote to Mr. Briftow, the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah, and Murtera Khan, on this Subjcft, in which I reprefent- ed, that Mahomed Eurh Khan having fallen under the Nabob's Difpleafure, and being deprived of all Pofts without having b=en guilty of any Crime, was under Apprehenfions for his Life and Honour, fliould he proceed to the Nabob's Prefsnce ; that if a Caulnama under the Seal of the Englifh Chiefs was fent to Mahomed Khan, flipulating that the Accounts fliould be faiily adjufted from the Papers under the Signature of the late Nabob Sujah ul Dowla. ani that without fuch an Adjufonent no Perfon fhould touch the Life, Honour, or Pruprrty ->f Mahomed Elich Khan, he was ready to return and obey all the Nabob's Order'' : That he had been brought up in the Nabob's Family, and was averfe at tke Th/>ugbtr of quitting it. This was not approved of; but Mr. Briftow wrote Mahomed Elich Kh<;n a Letter calcuhted to encourage him, but did not fend the Caul- nama reoucfted l-.\ him; ncUher did the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah fent him a Caulnama. This created Suspicions in his Breall, and fearing for his Honour and Life, he remained at Achabarad as the Nabob Sujsh ul Dowlah had held him in high Eftimation, and raifed him to the Honours ; aorf as he was the Channel of the Negociations between the Nabob and me, i could not on that Account refufe him aa Afylum. 1 repeatedly wrote to the Nabob Afoph ul Cowbh, defiringthat if Mahomed Elich Khan ftood indebted to him, he would fend an Account thereof, and that the faid Khan would difcharge whatever ap- peared by the Accounts to be due from hi:n : This Propofal was likcwife rejected. If the Hnglifh. Chiefs will even now lend Maho/ned Elich Khan a Caulnarm, and will give him Encouragement, I APPENDIX, N 46. Encouragement, he will immediately proceed to the Prefence of the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah, where he will either meet with Reward or Punifhmcnt, according as he is found to be deferving of either. The Miniflers of the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlab, of their o\\ n Authority, wrote to the Forces ftationed with Mahomed Bulhere Khan in Rohikund, to put their Chiefs in Confinement} all the Troops under his Command aHcmbled accordingly, and coming into the public Durbar, raifed a Difturbance, and endeavoured to feize on his Perfon. By his Bravery he efcaped out of their Hands, and proceeded alone, naked and on Foot, to the River Side, where he embarked in a Boat, and crufled over to this Side of the Ganges. He made a Vifit to Mahomed Elich Khan, and confi- dent it as a peculiar Pfece of good Fortune that he had been able to prefervc his Life: All his Wealth fell into the Hands of his Troops. In confideration of his rntie- rable Situation, and of his having been brought up in the Family of the Nabob Su- jah ul Dowlah, I endeavoured to comfort and encourage him. The Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah will probably write reproachfully to you concerning me on this account. The Affair is as I luve re preferred : On this you may Depend, Abiiulied Khan, who con- fidcrs it as the Part of his Wifdom to promote Diffenticns, has been frequently heard to lay " J have no Army at my t'orrrr.and, by the Fear of which the Sirdars might be led to attend on me; but i will create fuch Diffentions among them, that they ftall not have Time to eat or drink, by which Means they will be reduced to the Neccflity of applying to mo." How can I reprefent to you the Particulars of the extcnfivc Corrcfpondence he has held, and ftill holds, with the Jauts and Marattas, and Rohillas ? But the rm>ft furprizing of all is, that tbr thele Four or Five Months he has been continually writing 10 Colfim Ally Khan, and inviting him to the Pre- fence by the PromUe of being favourably received by his Majctty. The faid Kjhaa is accordingly arrived, and is encamped without the City. You will le*rn further Particulars from the News-papeis. As you have received the Approbation and Orders of the Company refpefting my Annuity, I have no Doubt of yi ur complying therewith, and. favouring me with the Payment thereof. It is well known that J am entirely attached to the Company* and that as long as I have Life I fliall never al othefwife than with the mod-im- plicit Obedience to them. Confidering me as at the Difpofa) of the Company, you will confer Favours on me, and regard me as your own ; and till I have the Han- pincfs of an Interview, will frequently let me have the Pleafure to hear from you*. From Nejif Koan ; received 6tb February 1776. It is now Eight Months fmce I arrived in this Country, with a Defign to bring to Punifhment the Jauts and Rajeputs, who, withdrawing from their Duty and Alie- giance, raifed Difturbances, and committed Depredations in my Territories. In this Space of Time Lacks of Rupees have been expended in the Support of .mjr Army, and other neceffary Charges; and I am indebted Lack? of Rupees to the Banker'*. Jn Hopes to bring this Affair to a happy Conduhon, I have taken up from .the Houie of LalJjee, Lackery, &c. Bankeic, the Sum of Two Lacks of Rupees, and diibunoa it for the Support of my Army, &c. As I formerly fem you by Mali 1 * Afkurrie, a Merchant; a Receipt for the Sum of 33>333- 7. in Part of the Two Lacks fettled on me per Ar.nun by the Company, I now fend a Receipt for the Sum of Rupee* 1,66,666. 9. the Balance of my Annuity 01 Two Lacks, through the Channel of" the aforefaid Bankers. I am hopeful that you will give Directions far the Payment of the faid Sum on my fealed Receipt being prefented to you, by which Means the faid Bankers will be encouraged to aft in my Affairs hereafter. The fooner you direct the Payment of this Money to the Bankers, the greater will be my Obligation to you. As I am bound by the Ties of Gratitude to the Company, and have the fmcereft Attachment to you, I look to your Friendfliip on every Occafion, with Confident that it will be exerted in my Favour. Regarding me as your own, I hope you will continually favour me with Ac ounts of your Welfare, on wbich my H*ppinefs depends. APPENDIX, N 46, Copy of a Letter from Nujiff Khan; received 8/> June 1776, dated z$tb Rvtfy-uk awul, \-jtb Sttn of the Kings Reign. On the 8th of Rubbee-ul-awul I received your Letter of the iyth October. With re- fpet to what you mention on the Subject of the Countenance I have given to the Enemies of the Englim, and particularly to Sumroo, I have before written, and now re- peat, &c. [Here follows a Repetition of his former Letter, received the ad January.] After writing that " in cafe he had difmified Sumroo during the Siege of Deig, Sum- *' roo might have yielded to the Impulfe of his bad Difpofition, and joined the Jsuts, " whom he had long ferved," he proceeds, He (Sumroo) wrote fom-- Letters once to the Jauts and M arenas, which I difcovered ; but the Times were fuch that I could not take any Notice of them ; however, I Rationed Hircarrahs to watch his Correfpondence, and by this Means it was flopped. The Marattas, who are engaged in a Civil War in the Decan, have been applying to him for his Afliftance. You well know his evil Difpofi- tion. I inverted the Kella of Deig Four Months, the which Time was a Time of Battle. When I had furrounded the Kella with my Army, as with a Circle made with a Compafs, I effectually cut off Provifions from the Kella, and it was with Difficulty the befieged prolonged their Lives ; but by the Blefling of God, and your good Aufpices, I took the Kella on the loth of Rubbee-ul-awul, and the Jauts and their Families were de- folate on the Plain of Misfortune, whilft Victory and Succefs crowned the Arms of the glorious Warriors. By Means of Victory and Succefs 1 have obtained Pofi'efiion of the Kella of Deig, and I offer my Thankfgiving at the Throne of the Almighty. May the the Undertakings or you and all my Friends be blefifed with the fame Profperity ! Since this arduous War has at length been concluded, I will difmiis Sumroo from me ; but it will offend him. Although the unfortunate Juncture of the Times, which involved me in fuch a Variety of Difficulties, and obliged me to conned* myfelf with him fo long, may prejudice me in the Opinion of thofe who judge only from Ap- pearances, yet how could I really have been delirous of bringing Reproach upon myfelf fry entertaining an Enemy of the Company ? It is to be attributed to the NecelUty of the Times, and a Variety of Accidents. 1 who am, in the Sincerity of my Heart, a Wcll- vi/her of the Company, and obedient to them, will never be guilty of a Behaviour incon- liftent with their Will. I know the Company's Enemies are my Enemies, and their Friends my Friends. As J am One of thole who are obedient to the Company, by God's Blefling I will never deviate from a Devotion to their Will, and a Compliance with their Pleafure. Believe me fincerely your's, and favour me with the Allowance which I owe to your Goodnefs, and for the Payment of which you have obtained the Leave of the Company, that I may not be left in manifeft Diftrefs (by difmifling Suniroo), as I am jemedilefs. I derive my Support from you, and am fenfible of the Obedience due from me to the Company. Ria Uiaram attends your Prefence : I requeft that you will confider him as One regarded in a confidential Light by me, and hearken to his RepreiVntations ; an APPENDIX, N 8 46. whom yeu lave given Commands in your Army. If you require European Officers for your Service, and will inform me of it, I will fupply you with Men, whofe Birth, Education, and Knowledge in the Profeffion, will enable them to be of great Ser- vice to your Affairs, and a Credit to your Name ; but fuch Men as Sumroo and Maddoc are a Contagion to every fair and honourable Character, and they are alfo the Impedi- ments to the Renewal of the Connexion which formerly fubfifted between you and the Company. May that Union be reftored, and endure for ever ! This is my earneft Wilh j and fuch is the Efteem which the Englifh have conceived for you, that they will with Pleafure revive and confirm the Ties of Friendfhip with you. But reflect that* real and lafting Friend/hip cannot exift between Two Parties whofe Views snd Inclina- tions are oppofite. It is for this Reafon, ami that nothing may remain to cart even a .Shadow or Doubt between us, that I earneftly recommend to you to prevail upon Mirza Saudit Ally either to return to his Obedience, and to the Prtfence of his Brother Afoph. ul Dowlah Eehadre, or to accept of the Afylum which has been offered him in the Pro- vince of Bengal ; but on no Account let him remain with you 5 for although thofe who know you and know him will entertain no Sufpicion of your Intentions, the uninformed Part of the World will attribute fuch Appearances to hoftile Defigns in both, and that Opinion may be in the End productive of real Mifunderftandings. When you fliall have complied with thefe Terms, there will be no Obftacle remaining to my carrying into Execution the Orders of the Company far continuing to grant you the Allowance of Two Lacks of Rupees per Annum t which you formerly received front Jhem. From NuJjuff KLan: "Received ziJ QSdcr 1776. I have received your Letter of the ijth June, conveying to me your Congratulations on the Occafion of my Victories, and the Reduction of the Fortrefs of Deeg. It has pe- netrated me with a Senfe of your Kindnefs, which will ever be retained in my Mind. I am convinced that I owe this Succef , which has been imperceptibly effected by the Aid of the Almighty, and the opening Dawn of his Majefty's illuftriuus Name, to the Strength which I have derived from the Zeal and Regard of my Friends. May the Event be pro- Jperous to the Englifli Gentlemen, and all my Friends ami Wellwifhers ! The prevailing Sway of hoftile and mifchivous Nations had long involved the Empire of Hindoftan in Darknefs and Ruin j and it never fuggefted itlelf to Man that it could be reftored to its priftir.e Splendor. But God has difpenfccT his gracious Aid, and the Clouds have in a very fhort Period been difterfed, and the Diforders fuppreffed ; and the Bk-fling of God, the happy Influence of his Majefty's Nnme, and the Support of yoar Friendship, and that of the Englifli Chiefs, will accomplifh what remain?. You have defired me to difmifs Sumroo, Monfieur M.id-'ock, and the other Eu- ropeans to whom I have given Commands in my Armv, afl'uring me at the fame Time, th.it if I require European Officer.-., you will fupply me with Men, \vhofe Birth, Educa- tion, and Knowledge in the Profeflion, will enable them to be of great Service to my Affairs, and a Credit to my Name. This Aflurance has reioiced me; as it has im- partexl to me new Strength, in the Hopes which by the Means of your Friend/hip I repofe in the Company. May God grant to you Health and Hanpinefs to enjoy the Virtues which he has implanted in your Hrcaft! I will, in the Time of Need, avail myfelf of this Liberty, to trouble you with my Requefts. Mv Friend, when 1 took my Leave the fecond Time of hi, Majefty -n order to extirpate ihe Jauts, 1 engaged with them in the Field; but the worthlefs Syke?, who are more nun CDUS than Ants and Locufls, at the Inftigation of various Men in Power, who prntefTerl ihemfelves, and now profefs themfclvcs, the Pillars and Supporters of the Empire ; but being defirous of injuring my Affairs, have raid no Regard to t!>c W-lfsre of the Starr, have difturbed the Peace of his Majefty's Territories, and pofl'cliVd themfelvcs, and now poflefs themfelves of Coun- try dependent on his Majefty. On one Quarter Runicir Si -,.:, who is Mafter of Fortrciics flronger than Deeg, promotes Commotions and BliKvlfheo. ^-'1 hns (cut his own Mother to the Aid of the Army to die S nrh. as you muO han- hc.rd. However I bcfiow no Thought on theft Difficulties which furrnund me, thouli they are of a very alarming Nature , but the Pleafure of God, whatever it may be, will be manifcAed. Arrears to a very confiderable Amount are due to my Troops, anrf prt cularly to thefe Men of infamous Character, in confcquencc of the fucccli'.ve Diitwrbances and Wars of the Jauts and Rajepccts j and you mufl huvc hva.d that they vcre mutinous j and entering into APPENDIX, K 46. into Combinations, they added Strength to the Jauts, &c. and diftrefled my Affairs, You may have alfo been informed that I have been difappointcd in the Hope of Supplies from Deeg, as I did not find a Tenth Part of what I expefted, and failed of the Means of quelling the Diforders w: 5 h prevailed in the Army, and regulating the Affairs'in a pn^per Manner. His Majcfty ifTues to me the moft pofitive Commands to attend his Prefencc to fettle the Account of the Treafure. His Commands are fuperior to any other Rule, I cannot defcribe the minuiefl Part of my fincere Regard for the Company, and Zeal for their Welfare ; and my Pen is unequal to the Tafic of reprefenting the Kindnefs which I experience from you, in a diilingui/hej Degree above the other 'eminent Perfons of Kindoftan. You have always been the Proteilor of roy Honour, from the Time when we were firfl united by the Chain of Friendlhip, and are now the Protestor of my Ho- nour. 1 he Ruin of Two Men of furh infamous Character (Suinro and Maddock) would at one Time have been an Inftance of Attention to your Pleafure, and would have en- creafed our Friend/hip, as well as confirmed the Rights to which I am entitled from the Company : But fince they had been before entertained by the Chiefs of Hindoftan, and this was a Breach of Friend/hip on their Part, as you well know, and it is an At vhich is part, now when the Spark of Contention has afcended towards Heaven, to dif- inii's them both immediately would be attended with the moft dangerous Confequences, I forefee that they would join the evil difpofed, and the Rajahs of Hindoftan, and Syeks, and raife a Flame. I have however in Contemplation a Plan by which they will in Time be fo effectually ruined, that neither the Name, nor any Trace of them, will remain. J have accordingly effected the Foundation of the Expulfion of Monfieur Maddock and' other Frenchmen, and caufed them to tread the Defart of Diffatisfaction, and I will effel the Ixpulfion of the others in Time. I requeft that you will not entertain a Doubt of what 3 have written, but communicate the Contents of my Letter to the Gentlemen of the Council, that they may weigh the Confequences. Since I entertain fuch a Friendship for the Company, that J ftiouid without Reluctance facrifice my Life, on what fliould I fceftow any Confideraticn ? But thofe infamous Men would annihilate the Good which ii has coft me Years of Trouble to eff-ft ; and the Country of Hindoftan would relapfe into its former State of Confufion and Difturbance, and be a Prey to its Enemies. But I am now encouraged by the PolTibility and Profped of advancing my Power and Honour in this Country by the Means of your Friend/hip, even beyond my Wiflies. You defire that I will prevail upon Myrza Saudit Ally, either to return to his Obe- dience, and to the Prefence of his Brother Afoph ul Dowla Behadre, or to accept of the Afylum which has been offered him in the Province of Bengal ; but on no account let him remain with me. My Friend, if you fufpedl that I have invited the Command- ants and other Officers from the Battalions of the Nabob Afoph ul Dowlah, and that I had an unfriendly Mjtive in entertaining Myrza Saudit Ally Kan, you do an Injuftice to my Sentiments, and to the Sincerity of my Heart. It is a Law of Hofpitality, which is bbferved not only in Hindoftan but in Europe, that if any one enters your Roof, he is not to be turned out. In Compliance therefore with my Duty as a Friend, and the Solicita- tions of the Nabob Afoph ui Dowla, who wrote to me on the Subject, I prelerve Myrza Saudit Ally from other Connections, and give every Encouragement which might render his L'fe eafy to him here. Since his Arrival he has exhibited every Appearance of At- tachment, and of a Defire of entering into a Treaty : Should I check him in his Intention of returning, this would afford Grounds for Sufpicion ; but while he remains with me, he will not be able to raife any Disturbance. But (hould he be apprized of the Contents of your repeated Letters, and leave me, Mifchief might enfue. 1 hope that after the Periifa! of my Letter, and the Affurance of my Zeal and Sincerity, y-a will no longer entertain fuch groundlefs Sufpicions; for I have never adted, and never will aft, incon- fiften'Jy with my Friendship. You have informed me that yo have received the Orders of the Company for the Con- tinuation of my Allowance, for which I confider myfelf indebted to your Kindnek. But jf you will befriend me, by carrying thek- Oiders into Execution, the Appearance will flrike a Terror into my Enemies, as it \vill be a Token of the Company's Favour. 1 rc- queft that you will oblige me with frequent Letten, till I fhall have the Pieafure of MiKUM fifinutes end Proceedings of tht Court of DirefJors and tie Court cf Prof rut on on Em* gal Affairs, before the Arrival of the Anfon. At a Court of Directors, held on Tuefday the loth of October 1775, The Court proceeding to t;:kc into Confideration the State of Affairs in Bengal under th Conduct of the Governor General and Council there, the following Particulars were read, viz. An introductory Letter from General Claverinjr, Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis, dated the 3 At a Court of Directors, held on Wedncfday the i8th October 1775, The Court proceeding in the Confideration of the State of Affairs in Bengal under ths Conduct of the Governor General and Council there j The Letter from the Governor General, containing his Remarks, &c. dated January 1775 ; alfo The Minute of General Clavering, Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Franci?, dateJ the nth of faid January, to the End of the 53d Paragraph, were read ; And then the Court poftponed the Reading of the Remainder of the Advices relative to the Affairs of Bengal until a future Day. At a Court of Directors, held on Wednefday the 25th October 1775, The Court proceeding in the Confideration df the Advices lately received from the Go vernor General and Council of Fort William, Part of a Letter from General Clavering, Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis, dated the nth January 1775 ^N i.), beginning will} the 54th, and ending with the 75th Paragraph, was read. At a Court of Diredors, held on Friday the 47th Odober 1775, The Court proceeding in the Confideration of the Advices received this Seafon from the Governor General and Council of Fort William, the following Farticuiius were read, viz. The Remainder of the Letter from the Governor General, dated the Z2d Februrary, beginning after his Remark on the 75th Paragraph of the Charge in the Minute of Ge- nerarClavering.AJolonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis, dated.,the nth January 1775 l^ "v'i Letter from the Governor General, dated the 23d February hft; Minutes of General Clavering, Colonel Monfon, and Mr. Francis, daled the zh (N 2 and 3.) ; ' Minute of General Clavering, dated the i8th of faid February j and, The Governor General's Reply thereto. *? V > 3 N At APPENDIX, N 46. At a Court of Directors, held on Tuefday the 2ift of November 1775, The Court proceeding to take into Confideration the State of the Company's Affairs in Bengal, according to the Advices received from thence in the Courfc of this Year, it was thereupon Ordered, That it be referred to a Committee of the whole Court to confider of the fame, and re- port their Opinion thereon ; ( And the Court then refolved itfelf into the faid Committee accordingly. At a Court of Directors, held on Tuefday the z8th of November 1775, A Report from the Committee of the whole Court, dated the aift Infbnt, being now prefented, containing their Proceedings on the Reference of this Court of the fame Date, to confider of the State of the Company's Affairs in Bengal, according to the Advice; re- ceived from thence in the Courfe of this Year, The faid Report was read, and after very mature Confideration thereof, it was Refolved, That this Court doth agree with the faid Committee in their Opinion, that it appearing that Differences of Opinion have arifen in the Superior Council in Bengal, and that Debates have been carried to great Height, and in many Inftancss with great Warmth, it is neceffary for the Court of Directors to give decifive Opinions upon Sub- jects fo materirl to the Interefts of the Company, that their Councils abroad may have in full View the Ground on which they (hall act. And an Amendment being propofed to the Committee's Second Resolution, by ftriking cut the following Words at the Clofe thereof, viz. ' And -were alfo contrary it tbofe general Prin;;flc* cf Jujtice ivbicb tke Comfany i/rfi < jbssuld be fuff-orted." And after a Debate, and the Queftion being put, That the faid Words do fland as Part cf the faid Refolution j The fame paffed in the Affirmative ; and it was thereupon Refolved, That this Court doth agree with the faid Commit'ee in their Opinion, that the Agreement made with Suiah Dowia and the then Governor, for the Hire of a Part of the Company's Troops for the Reduction of the Rohilla Country, and the fubfequent Steps taken for carrying on that War, were founded on wrong Policy, were contrary to the general Orders of the Company for keeping their Troops within the Bounds of the Provinces, and for not extending their Conquefts ; and were alfo contrary to thol"; gen t .! Principles of Juftice which the Company wifli fhould be fupported. And then it was further Refolved, That this Court doth agree with the faid Committee in their Opinion, that the whole Correfpondence between the Governor General and Mr. Middleton ihould have been laid before the Members of the Superior Council, who ought to have recived e cy Information refpecting the Tranfactions of the Company's Agent at Sujah Dowla's Court, 'in order tc regulate their Conduct at that critical Period. And it was thereupon, on feveral Motions, Ordered, That a General Court be fummoned to meet at this Houfe on Wednefday the fth of December next on fpecial Affairs. Ordered, That in the Advertifement for the Meeting of the faid Court, it be fignified to the Proprietors, that the Papers relating to the Difputes between the Members of the Superior Council at Bengal will lie in the Secretary's Office for their Peruful. At a Court of Directors, held on Wednefday the agth of November 1775, A Report from an open Committee of Accounts, dated the zSth Inflant, being read | Refolved, That this Court do agree in Opinion with the laid Committee, that it is nc- ceflary to wait the Arrival of the Anfon, or fume further Advices from Bengal, before a precife judgment can be formed relative to the future P,efources of that Prefidency. A P P EN D I X, M 46. At a Court of Director?, held on Friday the ift of December 1775; The Court now considering their Refolution pafled the a3th of lad Month, in confe- cuence of the Report from the Committee of the whole Court of the zift of the fame Month, which Refolution is as follows, viz. " Refolved, That this Court doth agree with the faid Committee in their Opinion, " that the Agreement made with Sujah Dowla and the then Governor, for the Hire of ' a Part of the Company's Troops for the Reduction of the Rohilla Country, and the " fubfcquent Steps taken for carrying on that War, were founded on wrong Policy, were *' contrary to the general Orders of the Company for keeping their Troops within the " Bounds of the Provinces, and for not extending their Conquefls, and were con- " trary to thofe general Principles of Juftice which the Company wifli fhould be fup- " ported." After a Debate thereon, a Qiieftion was propofed, Whether the Words [and tie tlen Governor] between the Wora [Wj] and the Word [foi] ftould ftand as Part of the faid Refolution ? And the Queftion being accordingly pat, It paflsd in the Negative. Another Queftion being propofed, for amending the faid ReTolution, by inferring the Words [frequently repeated] between the Word [Company] and the Word \_fir\ ? And the Queftion being put, The fame pafTed in the Affirmative. And another Queftion being propofed, Whether the Words [ofj-jflice] between the V/ord [Principles'] and the Word [wi/VA] (hould ftand as Part of the laid Refolution? And the Queftion being accordingly put, It pafled in the Negative : And thereupon the laid Refolution, as now amended, was agreed to, and ftands as follovvs, i/ix. Refolved, That this Court doth agree with the faid Committee, that the Agreement made with Sujah Dowla, for the Hire of a Part of the Company's Troops for the Re- tfuftion of the Rohilla Country, and the fubfequcnt Steps taken for carrying on that War, were founded on wrong Policy, were contrary to the general Orders of t|ie Company, fre- quently repeated, for keeping their Troops within the Bounds of the Provinces, and for not extending their Conquefts 5 and were a ho contiary to thole general Principles \\hicli the Company wifli ihoula be fuppurted. At a Court of Directors, held on Tuefday the 5th of December 1775, Two Reports from the Committee of the whole Court, dated the agth and 3Oth No- vember lafr, being piefcnted and read, containing their funher Proceedings on the Reference of Court, dated the lift of that Month, to confider of the State of the Com- pany's Affair?, according to the Advices received from thence in the Courfe of this Year, It was, on the Queftion, Refolved, That this Court doth agree with ths faiil Committee In their Reports, that the Meafjre of recalling the Troops from the Ruhilla Expedition, as loon as it couid be h.ive received every Information reflecting the Tranfaftions of t'"J Oorr.oany's Agent a Dowh's Court, in order to regulate their Conduct at that critical Period. The Third Refolution of the Court of Directors betr.g alfo tonfidered, and the Queftioa pur, it was Refolved, That this Court do agree in Opinion with the Court of -Directors, that it is necelTary to wait the Arrival of the Anfon, or Ibme further Advices from Bengal, before a preciic Judgment can be formed relative to the fups t>. m the Achilla Expedition, ai foon as it could be done with Proprit:\, was jgreea'jle to 'u- \-.ivit of the Company's genera! Orders ; bur, confc- dering the .Situation of Affjirv at 'h u Time between the dm.'any an i Sujah Dowla, anj other CircunrftanceSjthe'Ccui-t tLiiik the recalling them fo hafhly might have been at- tended with Inconveniencu-?. A Motion being then made, " That it is the Opinion of this Court, that the Infinuat'on? t'ir-wn out by Three '.L:it li;: Motivis fut- e !1aiucliun of the R- " hillas were not the oftcnfible Motives he has aligned, 'and that b a'cled therein ** contrary to his Judgment," are injurious to the Chara&er of Mr. Haftings, ai;c! *' not to have been made ufe at, unleli acct.mp.ihit-d with the Grounds o '* Inlinii3tions are founded, whereby :he C'oinpanv iriigh' iiave bee=i enabled to iud.e !.:r " themfclves on a Point of fo much Impott.ificc to it as t..u Ciurdrtcr of Uie CJa.c.iMjC ' General of B And it being thereupon moved to adjourn J The Court, on the Qneiuon Lein^ ^ut, Adjouri:ed accordingly. Extract of Lfit'r f> om il: Court nf D'ireain to tie Governo,- Genial jnd Council at Firt William In Bengal, iiMed the iyb if D^tmbtr 1775. Par. i. While we were indulging the Hope that fo perfeft an Harmony-tooul.l have prevailed amongft the Members ot'th.- new .-.drniniftration in Bengal, as is neceflary to give Vigour to the Ac\s of Government, as well as Dignity to your Councils, how great rnutt our Concern arid Difappointment be, on finding that Dillentions hive ajifen f# early, and operated fo f*r as they appear to have done, from the feparate Addrefles of oaf Governor General and the Muioriiy >>f the Board, as well as from ihe Minutes on your public Records : We are far from difapproving a Difference of Opinion on any Meafure ; on the contrary, we cinfider it as th- Duty of every Member of your Bojrd to exprefs his Sentiments w'uh Freedom on every Subject. Our Concern proceeds Iblely from o'jferv- ing a Warmth of Altercation, which threatens to deftroy thac mutual Reipedt ana Conft- d;nce we were fo folicilous to promoiCj when we recommended Hy ainoug your- ftlves. 2. As the feparate AddrelTcs of our Governor General, and of the Majority of Council, to the Court of Directors, and of the iiiur to our late Ch.iimian ai.d Deputy Chairman, are entered upon your Records, we llvll confider them as Proceedings or Minutes of Council, and as fuch reply to thofe Particulars which require our Oblervacion, Direftion, or Determination j and herein we (hiill be guided by tlut equal RrgarJ wtnc'n we be..r towards every Member of your Board, expn ifmg our Approbation of iuth Meifures as are right, and representing thofe which appear t.> us delerving of Cenfure: But before we proceed to thofe Particulars, we think it neceffiry to communkate t< you the following Kefolutions, agreed to by a General Court of Proprietors, held on the 6ih Inftant, rela- tive to funiiry Objects on which you ha>e been divided. Reiolved unan'imuuCy, That notwiti.ilanding this Court hath the h'gheft Opinion of the Servicti and Integrity f Warren Hiding-;, El'iiuirc, r.:. - - APPENDIX, N* 46. CW'ir.t Mbtiv?s operating on his Conduct withowt Proof, yet they sre of Opinion with their Ci-.urt of Directors, that the Agreement made with Sujah Dovvla, for the Hire of a Part of the Company's Troops for the Reduction of the Rohilla Country, and the fubfe- quent Steps taken for carrying on that War, were founded on wrong Policy, were contrary to the general Orders of the Company, frequently repeated, for keeping their Troops within the Bounds of the Provinces, and for not extending their Territories ; and were alfo contrary to thofe general Principles which the Company wife ftould be fuj;- fkntecl. Rcfolved nnanimoufly, That this Court do agree with the Opinion of the Court of Di- rectors, that the whole Correspondence between the Governor General alid Mr. Middle- ton fhould have been laid before the Members of the Superior Council, who ought to have received every Information reflecting the Transactions of the Company's Agent at Suiah Dtvvla's Court, in order to regulate their Conduct at that critical Period. Reiblved, That this Court do agree in Opinion with the Court of Directors, thnt it Is neceflary to wait the Arrival of the Anfon, or fome further Advices from Bengal, before a piecife Judgment can be formed relative to the future Refources of that PrefiJency. Refolved, That this Court do agree in Opinion with the Court or Directors, that the Meahire of recalling the Troops from the Rohilla Expedition, as, foon as it could be done with Propriety, was agreeable to the Spirit of the Company's general Orders ; but confi- dering the Situation of Affairs at that Time between the Company and Sujah Dowla, and other Circumftances, the Court think the recalling them fo haflily might have been at- tended with Incpnveniencies. 3. Having thus laid before you the Senfe of the Proprietors at large on the above Sub- jects, taken ?fter the moft candid Examination of your Records, we proceed to make fuch further Obfervations, and to give fuch Orders and Instructions, as from the Nature of your Advices, and the Situation of our Affairs in Bengal appear to us necefTary. 4. We difapprove all fuch diftant Expeditions as may eventually carry our Forces to any Situation too remote to admit of their fafe and fpeedy Return to the Protection of our o"wn trovinces, in Cafes of Emergency. 5. We alfo utterly difapprove snd condemn offenfive Wars j diftinguifhing however between offenfive Meafures unneceflarily undertaken, with a View to pecuniary Advan- tages, and thofe which the Prefervation of our Honour, or the Protection or Safety of our Poffefftons, may render abfolutely necefiary. 6. The Attention paid by the Majority to the Tenor and Spirit of our Orders on this Subject is highly agreeable to us ; and it is our moft pofitive Direction, that no Devia- tion from thole Orcers be permitted but upon the moft urgent and abfolute Neceffity, as that alone can juftify a Departure from them ; for the Profpect of any Advantages, how- ever alluring, can in no wife be adequate to the pernicious Confcqaences which muft re- fult from Examples of Difobedience to our Orders. 7. The Sentiments expreffed by the Majority, in the ^6th Paragraph of their Addrefs, coincide exactly with our own. Their Determination to endeavour to maintain Peace in India, and vigoroufly to defend our Poffeflions and Allies, cannot be too much ap- plauded ; we therefore ftrictly enjoin every Member of our Council to concur heartily in fuch Meafures as may be neceffary for accomplifhing thefe defiiable.Purpofes. 8. We have already, incur Letter of the 3d of March 1775, expreffed our extreme Concern, on finding that our Arms have been employed in conquering the Rohilla Country for Sujah Dowla, and difapproved the Meafure 5 and we have no Reafon to alter our Sentiments reflecting that Tranfadtion. o,. We not only condemn the Principle which eventually produced the Rohilla War, namely, the including of their Country in the Line of Defence marked out for our Com- mander in Chief, as being contrary to the Syftem wz had adopted, and repugnant to the general Tenor of our Orders, but we alfo totally difapprove the Engagements en- tered into by our Servants with Sujah Dowlaj when Hafez Rhamet Khan had failed in the Performance of his stipulations. io. On a Suppofitiors that General Barker's Sanction to the Treaty be: ween Sujah Dowla and the Rohillas gave him a Right to call upon us to fee that Treaty fulfilled, it is never- thelefs evidently certain, that every Principle of Policy forbade our Servants to extend their Views beyond the ffrict Accomplishment thereof, and the obtaining of a proper Indemnification for Charges to be incurred in calling the Rohillas to a juft Account j and we think there was great Probability that thofe lalutary Meafures might h.we been accomplished without preceding to Hoftilities. But in all Events, inftead of entering into an Agreement with the Vizier, which left no Room for Accommodation with the Ruluiias, i; was certainly the Dutyof uur Prefident and Council to have given an immediate and 13- the Re APPENDIX, N 46. and abfolufe Refufal to all Requifttion* fo in;arious to the Reputation of the Company, and efpecially for engaging in a diftant Expedition, wherein Want of Succcfs mij^it have been attenncd wuh fatal Confequences. 11. It is with great Satisfaction we find, that although HofHlities were commenced with an apparent Determination to exterminate the Rohillas, a more honourable End has been put to that War, and that a Provifion is made for the Son of Hafez Rhamet Khan. This Circumftance is the more agreeable to u<, as it ft-ems to have been effected by the Interpofition of our Commander in Chief, and will, we hope, tend to efface any unfavourable Jmpreflions which the Part taken by our Servants againft the Rohillas may have occafioned among.fi the Natives of India. 12. The Return of our Troops from the Rohilla Country is an Event highly accept- able to us } and from the general Tenor of your Advices we are led to hope-, that the Money then due from Sujah Dowla has been received^ but if, from unfordeen Acci- dents, Payment of any Part has been delayed, we direct that you infift upon the Dif- .o thereof. by no Means approve the Idea of continuing to defend the Subah of Oude ia lohilla Country ; you are therefore in future ftrictly to confine your/elves to the Letter and Spirit of our Orders on that Subject, dated 7th March 1775. 14. It is with equal Surprize and Concern that we obferve, on your Minutes of Coun- cil of ijth February 1775, anoon E feveral Ideas fuggeften on ihe Subject of a Treaty to be concluded with the Succeffor of Sujah Dowla, that any Servant of the Eaft India Company fhould propofe the relinquifhing of a considerable Part of our I'rop.-rty, and giving up the Rohilla C ountry to the King, in order to facilitate the obtaining irora Shah Allum a Grant of the Sovereignty of Bengal and Baliar to the Crown of Great Britain. 15. We take it for granted, that the Impropriety of the Minute alluded to muft have appeared to you in a Light fo (inking, as to have precluded all Concurrence therein ; we nevertheless think it neceflary to iflue the mo(t f'peedy and peremptory Orders and Jnftruftions for your future Guidance, and therefore direct, that no Propofal or' a like Tendency be ever made by you to Shah Allum, or agreed to, if propofed by him, or by any other Per/on, on any Account or Pretence whatever. 16. Although the Death of Sujah Duwia may render it neceflary to make new Ar- rangements with his Succeffor, we cannot agree with c.-ur Council that our Treaties with the State of Oude expired with the Death ot that Naboo. 17. The keeping of a Brigade in the Service of the Subah of Oude is a Meafure we entirely approve (provided it be done with the free Content of the Subah, but by no Means without it), as it enables us to increafo the real Strength of our Army, without incurring additional Charges thereby 5 but the whole Pay, and contingent Charges, muft be borne by the Subsh. 18. The Death of the late Vizier affords an Opportunity for rendering this Ms.-.fure ftillmore fatisfactory. His Succeffor cannot but be fenfible how much depends upon our Support, and therefore will, we perfuade ourfelves, readily confent to defray the wh.de Expence of a Brigade, to be employed in the Defence of his Dominions. The necef- fary Stipulations on your Part will be, that our Troops fhill not mar-:h beyond the Line of thole Territories with Sujah Dowla poffeffed in confequence of the Treaty of 1765, and the Provinces of Corah and Allahub-sd, which were ceded to him by the Treaty of Benares ; and that they fhall be at all Times fubject to your Recal, in cafe they (hall be wanted for our own immediate Service. Upon theie Principles vvedirect you to conclude a Treaty with Sujah Dowla's Succeflbr, .and to a flu re him, that the moft effectual Afliftance fhall be afforded him by us, in cafe his Country fhall at any Time be invaded. 19. We find the Brigade lately employed with Sujah Dowla, confifted of Two Bat- talions of Europeans, Six Battalions of Sepoys, and One Company of Artillery ; and this Object appears to us of fo great Importance in every Point ef View, tht wv a complete Brigade fhould be ftationcd in future with the Nabob of Oude, and pai d by him, as before directed. zc. And as a good Body of Horfe would not only be of great Ufe in Time of An n, but alfo of fingular Service in preveuting the Incurfions of Indian Enemies, <.: quently ravage the Couniry with Cavalry, and retire before Infantry can con-.v i;p v.-rh them, we fhould deem it an eflential Service rendered the Company, if you could prevail on the Nabob of Oude to keep up a Body of Horfe } to be disciplined and . . by Europeans, and under our Command. APPENDIX, M 47. 47. In negotiating a defenf;ve Alliance of this Nature an bim, becaufe his own Forces may be diminifhed in proportion to the .Vr.i-nsth acquired by our Affiirance. 2". The Safety of fo lanxc a Part of onr Army requires the utmoft Attention j you will therefore be particularly careful that the refpective Corps be fo. Stationed, as to admit cf a fpeedy Junction in Cafes of Emergency. 23. Whatever Number of Troops mny be thus entertained by the Subah of Ou-ie, we rnuft again repeat, that the whole Expence muft be borne by him } tut due Care muft fee taken that fuch Exnence be net increafed by any unnecefiaiy Charge whatever. 24. As the important Fortrtts of Chunargur was ceded to the Company by Sujah Dow la, yon are by all Means to k;-ep Poffefiion thereof. A proper Number of Eufopeans mart te Rationed there, and the Command or" the Garrifon muft be entrufted to none but sb!e and experienced Officer?. 25. We direft that the Fort of Chunargur be forthwith repaired in fnch Manner as jhail he necefiary. Jt is ncvenhck'fs our Order, that the Charge of thofe Repairs be included in the Sum already authorized to be expended on public Works, and that the iiricteff frugality be obferved in conducting fuch Repairs. 26. Although the Office of Vizier of the Empire was confirmed to Sujah Dowla by ear Influence, we are uncertain how far the paft Conduct and prtfent Situation of Shah .Allum may render it prudent tor us now to interfere in the Appointment of an Officer of foch nominal Authority in his Seriice; but in cafe, from particular Circumftances, it Aall appear to you neceffary to take a Part in the Recommendation of a Perfon to fill that Office, or that it may contribute to the Prefervation of Peace in the Country, we ftell approve of your acting accordingly. 27. TLe Conduct of our hre Council, in empowering the Prefident to prepare Inftrue- tivns for Mr. Mirfdleton as Agent at the Court cf S ijah Dowla, without ordering them to be fubmitted to the Board for their Jnfpection and Approbation, was very improper; and tt is our exprefs Pireclion, that no foch independent or feparate Authority be ever delegated to any Governor or Member of Council, or to any ether Perfon whatfoever j tut that all Inftrnftions to Public Agents be laid before the Council, and figned by a Majority of the Members, before they be carried into Execution. 28. As the Appointment of Mr. Middleton was made by our Prefidsnt and Councif, ii Corretpondence fliouid have been adtirefTed to them, or fpeedily and unrefervedly laid before them by the Prefident; and we cannot avoid exprefiing our Difapprobation, that any Part thereof has been withheld from the Perufal of our Supreme Council. 29. Obferving that Extracts of Letters have been laid before the Board, we direct, that whenever the Governor General, Commander fti Chief, or any of our Council, ftall introduce to the Board any Letters or Correfpondence wrote to them, or to or by any of them, or by any Perfon whatever, by their or any of their Directions or Privity, relating to the Arrairs of the Company, the -u-tole cf fuc'b Letters and CcrreffotiJirKe (hall d 10, and laid before the Board. APPENDIX, No 47'. S&raH of tit General Letter to Bombay, dated the i%tb March 1768. Par, 91. rr~re- fent Defign into Executie.ij you wjil iu'lilv that Cunfidence we hereby pljce in yuur Conduct. Par, APPENDIX, N 4! Par. 44. % our Ship, Marquis of Rockineham, you will receive our Letter to A-ihada Row ; but as we are unacquainted with~ his Titles and complimentary Mode of Addrefs, we have left a Space in our Letter for you to fill up in the cuftomary Manner j and we herewith tranfmit you a Copy of our Addrcfs, which muft be accompanied by a proper Tranflation. On Mr. MofTyn's repairing to Poona, you will commit our Letter and Prefent to his Care, and direct him to deliver the fame to Mliada Row, v.ith fucB Ceremonies and Marks of Refpeft as are fuitable to the Occafion. And wefliall only add, that as by the enclofed Copy of our Addrefs to Mhada Row you will perceive that we intend no more than to maintain a {tricl Harmony and Alliance with him, you muft govern yourfelves accordingly in all your Negociaticns. Cofy ff a Lttter tu Mh&da Rs-&. After the ufual Compliments: ImprefTtd as we are with an ardent Dcfire to Snrrc.tfe the Tntercoarfe and ftrengthert the Harmony which has long fubfifted between your Government and the Englifh Com- pany, we could not but receive a fenfible Pleafure upon finding by your Letter to Mr. Molly n you entertain the fame Difpofition to cultivate a mutual Friendfhip, and are equally defirous that it fhould be eftabliftied on a fure and lafting Foundation. The Satisfaction which your kind Prefeflions afford us, is however in fome Dfgrec allayed by your funpofmg that our Servants at Bombay and SUM: are not ficuerdy in- clined to furrher that defirable End 5 but as they are fully convinced that we carneftly wifh to fecure your Efteem, and to prove ourfelves worthy your Confidence, we truft they would not do any Act which would tend to defeat our Hopei of your concurring in the fame Views. We perfuade ourfelves that their Conduct muft have been reprefented to you by fome malevolent or defigning Perfons, who wiftird to interrupt that Concord and Cordiality which could not but redound to our reciprocal Advantage. Unwilling therefore that you /hould remain under the leaft Uncertainty of our Difpo- fition to perpetuate our Friendfhip, we have directed Mr. Moftyn to repair to Poona, and irfide at your Court, that we may have the ready Means of manifefting our fincere Intentions of removing every Impediment to that Amity, which we hope neither Time nor the Malice of cur Enemies will defiroy ; and we are happy to find, that the Confi- dence we have of his good Conduit is confirmed by that favourable Opinion and kind Regard with which you are pleafad to diftioguirh him. We have lent to our Prefident and Council a Sword and Cuttarah, which Mr. Moftyn will have the Honour to prelent to you, and we requeft your Acceptance thereof, as a fmall Token of our Refpeft, and a Pledge of the Sincerity of our Defue to n.aintaia the ftrifteft Harmony with you and your Government. We fliall here only add our warmeft Wiflies, that your Days may be crowned with Health and Honour, and that your Dominions may flourifli in Peace and Plenty. In Witnefs whereof we have hereunto affixed our Great Seal, in the City of Londonj this ift Day of April, in the Year of our Lord I77Z. (Signed) W. Tsyler< L. S. ExtraS of Bomlffj Select Confutations, tie z6tb September I77< Copy of Ir.ftnftiws to Mr. Themes Maftyn. To Thomas Moftyn, Ifq. Sir, The Honourable Company having been phafed to direct that you ftonld refide at the Court of Mhada Row, to advance their Intereft and facilitate the Accomplilhment of their Views, we {hall now proceed to communicate to you our Honourable Mafters Ex- peclatiins therefrom, and give you fuch Inftruftions as are fuitable to the Occafion j previoufly acquainting you, that all your Letters on the Subjcl of your Ne^ociations arc JP be addrefcd to the Sekdt Committee. Oft -M APPENDIX, N 4 9. As an Introduction to our having a fixed Rcfident at Poona, the Honourable Company have addreffed a Letter to Mhada Row, which is now delivered you, together whh* Prefent from them of a Gold Sword and Cuttarah, which ate to be given with fuch Ceremonies and Marks of Refpect as are fuitable to the Occafion ; and in Addition to the Prefent fent out by our Employers, we have provided fundry Articles, amounting together to Rupees 11,617, ^t er ^ift enclofed, which are to be diftrihuted as Prefents, in fuch Manner as you may judge moft likely to remove any Difficulties which might arife to impede the Execution of our Intentions, which are to acquire from him, upon Me and honourable Terms, fuch Privileges and Pcffeffions as will not only be beneficial to our Commerce, but contribute to the Security of the Honourable Company's Poffef- fions on this Side India. You are alfo to ufe your utmoft Endeavours to penetrate into any Defigns of the Ma- rattas, which may at all affect the Honourable Company's PoiTeflions in Bengal, or the Carnaticj and fliould you be able to difcover any Thing important, rehtive to either of the other Prefidencies, youmuft immediately fend the neceflary Notice thither, and com- Jnifnicate the fame to us, that we may furniih you with fuch Inftructions as fhail appear proper ; though in the Interim, and efpecially if the Occafion mould be very preffing, we permit you to take fuch Steps as your own Prudence may dictate. By the inclofed attefted Copy of the Paragraphs of the Honourable Court's Commands of the ift of April lift, you v> ill be fully apprized of the Expectations they have, from your Refidence at Poona, of getting PofiV.fiion of Salfette, Bafiein, and Caranja, and of the Idea they have formed that they may be acquired by the Ceflion of Fort Victoria to the Marattas, and a Promife on cur Parts not to oppofe their acquiring Poffeffion of Rajapore from the Sciddee. . It is out of our Power to lay down any precife Plan for your Guidance on the Ccca- fion, at leaft till we may learn from you the Light in which thefe Pofleflions are refpec- tively looked upon by Mhada Row or his Minifters ; and even then we are fenfible much muft be left to a prudent Choice of Meafures on your Part, and an unremitted At- tention to the Intereft of your Honourable Employers ; infomucii as to fuffer no favour- able Circumftance at any Time to efcape you, whether refpecting this or any other Part of your Negociations ; and we diredt that you at all Times particularly avoid giving any Caufe of Difguft to Mhada Row, by frivolous Purrflllios, which we entirely concur with our Honourable Employers in Opinion, may be well avoided, and at the fame Time the Refpect due to them and to your Station be preferved. Propofals having been lately made us by Futty Sing to enter into an Alliance with him, \vhich have been referred to the Honourable Company ; we judge it neceflary you fhould be acquainted thereof, and accordingly inclofe an attefted Copy of a Letter from the Chief at Surat, which contains the Offers made us by him ; but at the fame Time we muft obferve to you, that as the Honourable Company exprefsly declare it to be their Intention to maintain a ftridl Harmony and Alliance with the Marattas, you mui! there- fore gov.erfl yourfelf accordingly in all your Negociations. The Poffefiion of the Maratta Share of the Surat Revenue has been an Object our Ho- ^durable Employers have had long in view, and you muft therefore acquaint us, after due Enquiry, how far they may be induced to give it up, and what Equivalent they may expect for it. As it will be highly neceflary you mould be well acquainted of Mhado Row's Temper and Defigns, as well as of the Intrigues of his Minifters, that you may avail yourfelf of every afjparent Difpofition in favour of our Honourable Employers 5 we therefore permit you to difburfe fuch Sums of Mbney for thefe Purpofes, as may appear to you really ne- ceffary ; and we at all Times recommend to you to conciliate the Minds of fais Mimfters, and to cultivate a Friendfliip with them. We inclofe Copies of different Treaties with the Marattas, and of the Correspondence between the Prefident and Council of Madras and the King's Minifter, that you may go- vern yourfelf accordingly. A Copy of the fmall Cypher, with the Instructions to it, is herewith delivered to yon, left you (hould judge it neceiTary at any Time to make ufe of it ; in your Correspondence with the ether Prefidencies it may be highly proper. Mr. Edmund Veale Lane is appointed to accompany you as your AiTifianf, and the ne- ceffary Number of Sepoys are ordered to attend you. You are to keep a regular Diary of your Proceedings, Two Copies of which you are an- Oualljr to tranfmit hither. APPENDIX, ft 49. The Honourable Company having been pleafed to allow you the Sum of 5000 Rupert annually, we permit you to cha^e the fame in jour Accounts, or it fiiali be paid here, us may be moft acceptable to you. We fincerely wifli you Succefs in your Negociations j and are Your loving Friends. Extrafl of the General Letter from Bombay, dated i,tb December 1772. Par. 10. Mr. Moftyn, on his Arrival from England, was admitted to a Seat at our Board ; and fhortly after the Receipt of your Commands of the ift of April laft, he fet out for Poona with fuitable Instructions tar accomphfiiing the Points your Honours hate in View by his Rcfidence at the Maratta Durbar : He has acquainted us that Mhada Row and his Miniflers acquiefced in his continuing there as a fixed P.efident, and that in general he had been very well received : He alfo advifes us, that he (hortly expected an Anfwer to your Honours Letter, which we hoped to have received in Time to have lent in the Duke of Cumberland Packet ; but Mhada Row's Death, which happened on the 1 8th Ultimo, after a lingering Illnefs, we fuppofe prevented it. He has been fuc- Ceedcd by his Brother, Narron Row, and we do not find that any internal Difturbancc is likely to happen on this Occafion. APPENDIX, N 49 ExtraEi of General Letter from Bombay, dated tit iztb April 1771* Par. iz. riT^HE Prefident laid before us in Confultation the I9th Ultimo, a Letter he J_ had received from the Nabob of Surat, as alfo his Sentiments on the Sub- jet of that Letter, and the Nature of the Surat Government's Demand on that of Broach, both of which are tranfmitted in the Packet under N 36, by which it appearing, as alfo from our own Knowledge of that Affair, that the Broach Government was very largely and juftly indebted to that of Surat for the Phoorza of Broach, which for up- wards of Forty Years the former had collected, owing to the Inability of the latter to ob- tain Redrefsj and alfo that the Nabob of Broach had, contrary to Treaty with us, col- lected a Duty of lifer Cent, for near Seven Years, on all Goods the Properry of Mer- chants under our Protection, whereas the fame had been fettled at r| per Cent, which alone amounted to full a Lack and a Half of Rupees to this Time ; all which being con- fidered, and the Advantage which would in all Probability accrue to your Honours by our obliging the Nabob of Broach to give ample Satisfaction for both thefe Points ; and the prefent Opportunity, when our Troops were fo near his Territories', being as fa- vourable as could prefent itfelf, we therefore directed your Servants at Surat to make a peremptory Demand on the Mahob for the Difference of the Cuftoms he had collected, as alfo for the Arrears of the Phoorza, and to put the f.ime on a proper Footing in future ; and (hould he endeavour to retard or evade the fame, they are to direct Colonel Gordon to tranfport the Troops under his Command towards his Territories, to compel him to enter into the beft Terms poflible, which, we doubt not, will induce him to pay at leaf} f 'me ready Money, and fettle a Mode for an annual future Payment, as alfo to put the ('uftoms on thr fame Footing as fettled by Treaty. Par. 13. The Broach Phoorza belonging to the Nabobfliip, and not to the Caftle of Surat, we have directed your Servants previoufly to enter into an Agreement with the Nabob to make over the greateft Part, if not the Whole, to \our Honours in Confideration of the Expence you will thereby incur j and that they likewife ftipu- late the lafpeft Share of what may be in future annually received (hould be on your Ac- count, which we doubt not he will readily agree to, as he well knows, without our interfering, he could never expect to recover any any Part thereof. We hope our Expectations herein will not be difappointed, and that this Meafure will meet with your entire Approbation. fxtraff APPENDIX, N 49. xtra3 of Bombay General Confutations, tie lyb March 1771. PRESENT, The Honourable William Hornby, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, The \V Benjamin Jervi*,' Efquire, David Wedderburn, Nathaniel Stackhoufe, John Waifon, Brice Fletcher, William Taj lor. William Shaw, indifpofed. Prefident lays be- The Prefident lays before the Board the Tranflate of a Letter from fore the Board a the Nabob of Surat 5 as alf.i his Sentiments on the Subjeft of that Letter from the Letter, and the Meafures moft eligible to be purfucd, both of Nabob of Surat, which are entered hereafter, on consideration of which it is re- with his Senti- f.Ived, The Chief and Factors be ir.ftrucled to make fuitable A;>- ments thereon, plication to the Nabob of Broach for the Difference of the Cuf- toms he has collected, as well as for Arrears of the Phoorza ; and that they endeavour to enter into a Treaty with him, to put the fame on a proper Foot- ing in future ; which if he mould evade, they muft be directed, as foon as the prefent Service will permit, to order Col. Gordon to tranfport the Troops under his Command toward his Territories, to compel him to enter into the beft Terms poflible ; which, we ^flatter ourfelves, will ill induce him at leaft to pay fome ready Money, and fettle a Mode for the certain Payment of an annual Sum in future; as alfo to put the Cuftoms on the fame Peering as fettled between the late Nabob and Mr. Hodges, when Chief of Surat. As the Phoorza of Broach was granted to the Nabobfhip of Surat, Directions in re- ajid not to the Caftle, it becomes neceflary the Chief and Council fpecl to the A- fhould eriter into a private Agreement with the Nabob of Surat, at mount which may leaft to give up the greateft Part of what may be iccovered, and le recovered. hereafter annually received, as well as to pay the Expence incurred thereby. T ~ n f e T Trailjlati of a Litter from Meer Hajpzoodetn Alamtd Cawn from the Nabob of Surat. *'" ***'' ^ ** b > <"* ""''^ '* ** After Compliments ; I was very glad to hear that your Honour has got the Government of Bombay, on which I take the Libe'ty to congratulate you. Your Honour, I hops, will encourage and favour me, looking on me as your Well-wifher, and be pleafed to command my Services. The Phoufdar of Broach was under this Government for a Number of Years ; where- as Necknam Cawn (the Father of Mazad Cawn, the prefent Phafdar of Broach) did break that old Rule cf obeying this Government, and took away the Property of the Surat Nabobs ; and as your Army is lately marched againft the Coolies, and maftered their Country, I hope y-ur Honour will direct the Commanding Officer of that Force to march therewith into the Country of Broach to fettle the f.iij Difpute relating to the Phoufdar as abovefaid, and to oblige the laid Mazad Cawn to pay me all the Culloms which he has received fcr lo many Years, it being my Property ; and that the faid Phouf- dar may in future be put into my Poffeflion j doing whichj I, as well as the Honourable Company, will have Profit. The Surat Government has large and jnft Demands on that of The Refident's Broach, and as we have a large and fufficient Force to the North- Sentiments on the ward, and as 1 undcrftand the Nohob of Broach is under great Appre- Nabob of Surat's hen&ons of their being employed againft him, it is a good Time to Letter. make Demands on him, which his Fears may bring him to a Com- pliance. The fivft Demand is for the Produce of the Broach Phoorza, granted about i 50 Years by the Mogul unto the Surat Government, and pofleff.-ii I y tlim till abo 40 Years, when the Broach Nabob, finding himfelf ftro,,g enough, refufed APPENDIX, N 49. refufecj to pay it, and threw off his Dependence, the Phoorza was computed at about R- 70,000 a Year; which Amount the Surat Government ufually recovered from it, and n-)w amounts to Twenty eight Lack. The next DemanJ is for a confiderable Difference of Cuftoms, which, contrary to an exprefs Tteaty, the Nabob of Broach has collected on all Merchandize belonging to thofe trading under the Company'* Protection to Broach. In the Time of Mr. Hodgcs's Chiefihip, the Nabob of Broach (the Father of the pre- fent one) entered into a Treaty with him lor fettling the Duties to be paid at Broach, on all Geods belonging to thofe under the Englifh Protection, at, iL f.er Cen:. and according to this Agreement the Duties were collected Two or Three Years; but afterward;, with- out any Reafm afligned, the Nabob raifed them to z| ; and this Difference, one Year with another, has amonnted to about R s 15, ceo ; and as about Six Years have elapfcd fi.nce it was impofed, the Demand on this account may be reckoned R 150,000, fo that the juft Demand the Government has on that of Broach, is about 30 Lacks. The BroatK Phoorza was by Phirmaund granted to the NabobuSip of Surat, and not to the Caftle ; but that, 1 app'ehen i, may be eafily fettled with the prefent Nabob : As he himfelf can have no Hopes of recovering it by his own Power, I prefume he will have no Objections to transferring his Right and Title to the Company, who has the Means in their Hands of conducting them to good Purpofe and Advantage, if he is to receive a fmall Part thereof. The Demands for thefe Arrears, and for the future Pofl'cfTion of the Broach Phoorza Revenue, and the Duties on Enjlifh Goods, being collected, as fettled with Mr. Hodges, are in thrmfelves juft and proper to be made ; and no Time can be more conve- nient than the prcfcnt one, when we have fo large a Force that Way, and the Nabob himfe'f frightened, and apprehends we have Defigns againft him. I therefore pr->r>ofe, that the Chief and Council ftiould be directed to demand, in the moft peremptory Manner of the Broach Nabob, immediate Payment of the Arrears due on the I'hoorza ; alfo the Dif- ference of the Cuftom: inllccted from the Merchant?, and full Security for the annual Payment of the Produce of the Phoorza in future, and the Duties on Englifh Property bring collected as fettled with Mr. Hodges, I apprehend the Nabob of Broach would be fo much intimidated on receiving this Letter which makes the Demand, that he will immediately enter into a Treaiy, and content to very advantageous Terms, with- out our Forces proceeding againft himj if fo, a proper Treaty might be concluded with him, and he remain and be fupported in his Territories. Extraft c,f the General Letter from Bombay, dated the yb June 1771. Par. 15. Your Honours have already been fully advifed of our Motives for undertaking an Expedition againft Broach, which we doubt not will prove fatisfactory to you ; and from the Directions we gave to your Servaits at Surat, to embark all the Forces em- ployed againft the Cooties, arid proceed on board the Veflels up the Rier of Broach with the utmoft Expedition, we doubt not but that Affair would have been fhortly brought to a fpeedy and fuccefsful IfTue. 14. But on the zift of April (when we had rcafon to conclude our Forces were before Broach, from the Orders we had given to your Servants at Surat, and which they had, previous to that Date, acquainted us they had directed to be carried into Execution), we received a Letter from them, advifing us that they had given Directions for the Forces to return to Surat, in order to ma>ch from that Place by Land againft Broach ; and that they were induced to act thus, in direct Oppofition to our Orders, on the Chief having been acquainted by a Man, who had been long in the Service of the Broach Nabob, and whofe Relations, they acquainted us, ftjll lerved him, that it was, in his Opinion, the moft likely Method of enfuring Succefs againft it. 15. We acquainted them in Reply : hereto, that the Mode of Proceeding they h.nl adopted, appeared to us liable to many Impediments and Delays, all which we pointed out to them ; and that we could fee little Profpect of Succds againft that Place, as the River, which was bo'h broad and rapid, would thus be between the Troops and the Town, which would, in our Opinions, unavoidably occafion at leaft a great Delay in their Proceedings ; whereas, had the Troops proceeded immediately up the Rier, they might h.ive landed on the Side on which the Town is fituated, and attack it with miKti greater Probabilty of Succefs j and as the Seilon was fo f,r advanced, it behoved them to avoid every unneceflTjry Delay, as we c. uld by no means permit of the Troops bt . to this Garrifon being abfent during the rainy Seafon, and therefore at all Events tht y triufl. bo embarked fur their Return hither by the zoth oJ May} at the fame Ti.- .e \SC APPENDIX, N 49. r informed them, that fliould oor Hopes of Succefs be fruftrated by their Deviation from cur Orders, we fhould deem them anfwerable for it. 16. The Chief and Council, inftead of endeavouring to rectify the Mi/take they had committed, by lifteningto the Advice of a Man evidently interefred to render the Expe- dition unfuccefsful, ftill perfifted in their Error, and vindicated their Conduct, notwith- ftanding our Objections reached them Time enough to have altered it; and though they themfelves experienced the Juftice of feme of our Remarks on it, by the Delay that happened in their fettine out from Surat, owing to the Want of Carts and Bullocks for the Anillery, and NecelTaries, which prevented their leaving it fome Days after their Ar- rival there. 17. The Troops however at laft fet out from thence the 27th of April, under the Commsnd of Lieutenant-Colonel Cay, who was inftrudled to obferve all Orders he re- ceived from Mr. Gambier. The Nabob of Surat alfo fent about 700 Men on this Expe- dition, to act in Conjunction with our Forces under the Command of the Buxey, who likewife fet out at the fame Time. 18. On their March, they were attatcked very brifldy by about aooo of the Nabob's Forces, but beat them off with a very fmall Lofs on our Side, though the Broach Troops, it is faid, fuffered confiderably. 19. They arrived on the Banks of the River oppofite Broach on the ift of May, and then found that, contrary to the Report of the Perfon who furnilhed the Chief with his Information, the River, inftead of being about zoo Yards broad, was in Reality 1400 Yards ; but that there was an Ifland in the Middle of it, of which they took PofTeffion, and from thence attacked the Town. A Breach was made which was once judged to be practicable, and intended to be Itormed ; but on the Troops having embarked for that Purpofe^ they were, by the Rapidity of the Stream, carried much below the intended Place, and therefore it was at that Time laid afide ; and it fliortly after appeared, that the Enemy bad eftocaded the Breach quite acrofs with ftrong Timbers, in fuch a Manner as to render it, in the Opinion of the Engineer, &c. impracticable. So much Time was then elapfed as to put it out of their Power to make another, which, together with the Lofs of almoft all their Shells by the blowing up of a Magazine, induced Mr. Gambier to apply to the Commanding Officer for his Opinion, whether it was poifibie to reduce the Place, fo as to have the Troops embarked by the zoth, agreeable to our Orders, and behaving given it in the Negative, Orders were given for their Return to Surat, which they Ihortly reached and embarked by the Time we directed, and fmce returned hither. 20. Bu,t in order to obviate the Difgrace which would otherwiie have been incurred by the Siege being raifed, Mr. Gambier, in confequence of fome Overtures which had been made him by the Nabob of Broach, induced him (previous to the Troops marching from thence) to make his public Requeft that they fhould be withdrawn; and his Duan and fome other of his principal People accompanied Mr. Gambicr to Surat, to endeavour to fettle Affairs with the Chief and Council, by which the March of the Troops thither was unmolefted. 2T. As it ftill appears to u, that had our firft Directions regarding this Affair been carried into Execution, the liiue of it would have been very different from what it is at prefent, we therefore propofe to make a ftrict Enquiry into the Caule of the Failure of it j tor which Purpofe we have already appointed a Committee, and your Honours may de- pend, that wherever it may appear the Blame may lay, a fuitable Refentment fhall b fljcwn by us for thus trifling with the Credit of your Aims. Extraft of Bombay Sthci Confuliations, the z-jtb Ncveir.ler 1771. The Prefident acquaints the Committee that he calls this Meeting purpofely to in- form them, that he has for fome Days paft been endeavouring to bring the Nabob of Broach (now here) loan Accomodation for the Honourable Company's D.emarids upon him, as fet forth at the Time our Forces went againft him, and for the Charges incurred there- by. Tranfiatesand Copy of the Papers which have pafied on this Occafi ;n he now lays before us, which are read as entered hereafter ; and the Tranflate of the laft Papers from the Nabob are his ultimate Propofals, as the Nabob (iefired, in cafe they were not accept. ed, that he might return to Broach ; and as the Proposals were in his Opinion by no Means admiflible, he immediately acquainted the Nabob of it, and directed the Veild to be ready for his Accommodation. Tbo APPENDIX, N 49. The Committee entirely concur in Opinion with the President in refpeft to the Na bob's Fropofals, and unanimoufly approve his Proceedings herein. As the Nabob therefore is now on his Return, without any Terms being fettled be- tween the Honourable Company and him, we dei:m it highly n^cefiary to have Recourfe to Force, as well to obtain Satisfaction, as to recover oor Credit, loft by the laft Expedi- tion, after the Nabob is fafcly returned thither. But Hyder Ally may make fuc., Offers for our AffiStance, in confequence 'of our former Refolution, as we may judge for our Honourable Employers Advantage toaccept ; and as that is an Object of much grearer Im- portance, Refolved, That we deter coming to a final Determinition with rel'pedt to either, until we receive an Account of Hyder'sOft'ersfor Afiiftance, which we hope will now Shortly arrive; and in the Interim it is agreed, that every thing neceflary Shall be prepared, to carry into Execution fuch Meafures as may hereafter appear mod for our Honourable Employers Intereft, refpedting wh'ch the Prefidem will give the neceflary Directions. The Prefident lays before the Board, Tranflate of a Writing from the Nabob of Cam- bay, binding himfelf not to moleft the ancient PolFemons of the Rajah of Bonnagur and Gopaljee Servia, as entered hereafter, in confequence of what wai refolved by the whole Board on the Ultimo. The Prefident lays before the Committee Tranflate of Two Letters from the Nabob y, which are now read as entered hereafter. Tranjlatt of a Letter from the Nabob of Broach to tic Governor. I was on my Arrival here extremely glad to fee your Honour, and was, God knows, mightily pleaicd with your Friendship, Goodnefs, and Greatnefs. 1 am much obliged to you for your Entertainment and Civilities; I have experienced your Friendship more than what is offered in the Company's Agreements; that is to fay, " That we may part in fhonger Friendship than ever." I have Hopes that our Friendship fhall be encreafed more and more in future. Your Honour may believe me to be your true Friend, and look upon the Broach and Bombay as one, and my Forces as yours. Whenever you Shall want me I Shall join you agreeable to this Agreement. : A long while ago I have no Friend at Bombay, nor do I keep Friend/hip with any body here; no body knows me, nor do I know any body at Bombay, and have no Cor- refpondence with any body by Letters. I look upon all the Gentlemen here as favour- able to me, but there is no Mediator between us ; for your Honour is eveiy Thing to me ; I only know you : Whatever friendly Offices you will do me, looking upon me as your:, and agreeable to writing, I Shall take as if you had done them to me from your own Ge nerofity, and will never fail on my Part in my Friendship to you as long as 1 may live. If you will think about having the Country of Guzerat into your Hands for the Com- pany, 1 (hall, agreeable to your Order, be ready with my Forces, being very well acquaint- ed therewith. This Affair Shall be fettled, fo that you will be much pleafed thereby, and it will bring in large Income and Profit, becaufe all the Country is empty (meaning without proper Forces to guard itj. The Whole of this Country can be conquered with- in a Year : The Revenues are more than One Crore of Rupees. When you will fetile about this Aftair, and rel'olve to undertake this Enterprize, 1 (hall give you all the Paiti culars regarding it, after your Honour's Pleafure. On my coming here and meeting you, my Heart was entirely cleared, infomuch that nothing ii remained there. You have agreed in your Security Paper, " That a Friend- Ihip Shall on my Arrival at Bombay be made agreeable to your Wifhcs;" fo that if your Honour will kp your Sight on your faid Writing, I Shall be much pleafed if you will grant me a written Agreement conformable to the Copy which I have ready hy me ; La uoing which it Shall be looked upon as if you have complied with your Writing, if not, there is no Matter, for I fubmit to your Pleafure. Every body knows that you have held my Hand, and made me wait upon you, though rny Anceftors, who governed Broach upwards of 50 Years, had been no where, it is ri^ht your Honour will always protect me in the above-mentioned Manner. God knows I can't make you a Return for all your Favours, Civilities, Entertainment, &c. for I am empty Pocket, all which I doubt not but you mud have heard from others, I having more Expences than Income, efpecially upon account of the Marattas Trouble, vho had Surrounded my Place till Thrte Years, in which i fpent my Siock, and am largely indebted to the Merchants and my Tro,> ps tor their Pay. What eao 1 lay more ? REP. V. 3 P APPENDIX, N 49. As I look upon you as my true Friend here, have therefore given you an Account of my Cafe. Lutt'jboy Mazmandar (xvho has lately opened a Correfpondence with your Honour, is neither mine nor the Marattas Servant) has his Shops at many Places in the Guzerat Country, as alfo at Snrat ; and if ycur Honour will pleafeto grant him your Purwannah, or Order, under the Honourable Company's Seal, he will carry on the Affair of his Shops at Surat and Bombay freely, and I will fend you a Copy thereof if you will grant his Re- tpefr. 7rar>jlate of the Terms offered by tbe Nabob of Broach, 14.'^ November 17711 I the Nabob Imtyazood Dowlah Maazud Cawn Bahadar Dutterjung may live at the Port of Broach freely and contentedly, believing me your Friend for ever, whatfoever Difpute and Unpleafantnefs 1 had in my Heart is now quite cleared, and a firm Friend- ihip is become with the Honourable Company agreeable to our Wiflies, and more firm than heretofore. Should any Enemy proceed againft Broach, we fliall not fail in fuch Cafe to aflift you on the Part of the Honourable Company, and we fliall join you, Sir, with NecefTaries. I fliall not in future hear the Perfons who may be in Ne- ceflity, their Informations againft you, and fliall look upon Broach as mine, and you may,' Sir, look upon Bombay as yours. We give you this Writing fairly, and with the Honourable Company's Word;that we fliall not fail in our Friendship to aflift you when- ever required ;. for which Purpofe I have given you this everlafting Agreement from the Honourable Company, that no Manner of Difference there will be, either Sir or your Children. You may if you chufe come to Bombay with your Family ; for your coming cr going, as well for the Performance of all the Conditions herein above-mentioned, this Agreement will ferve now and in future. Should any Merchants of Broach, or the Per- fons under your Protection, chufe to trade to this Port, I agree to their doing it freely^ paying the ufual Cuftoms of this Place. be Governor's dnfvucr to tie above Propofal, What is obferved in the Firft Article of the Nabob's Paper, that is to fay, that we may part in 'a ftronger Friendfbip than ever, which is my hearty Wifh ; and if it fo happens, it will give rne great Satisfaction and Pleafure, and will be much for the Intereft of both Parties: But the Nabob cannot be ignorant of the Demands we have on Broach, thofe that he was acquainted with laft April before our Troops went that Way, viz. that of the Phoorza, which has been withheld from the Government of Surat for 40 Years ; the Overcharge in the Cuftoms in the Merchants trading under the Company's Protection for near Six Years paft; and the heavy Charge we were at in fending our Troops that Way ; all which it is neceffary the Nabob fliould take into ferious Confideration, and what he has to fay regarding them. The Whole amounts to many Lacks; but notwithstanding that, if he has or chufes to make any Propofals for accommodating this Matter, I am very ready, and will not be unreafonable in my Demand. Befides agreeing to pjy a certain Sum annually on account of the Phoorza in Surat, with proper Security, the Cuftoms to be paid at Broach by thofe under the Company's Protection, as was fettled with his Father by Mr. Hodges when he was Chief at Surat. Then will we take into Confideration his Propofals regarding Gu- lerat in his Third Article, and will fettle fuch a ftrong Alliance with him as cannot eafily be broken, which. I hope he will confider of, that we may part with the Friendship of Brothers. te of the Nabob ef Broach bis Before the Honourable Company's Troops were difpatched, I wrote your Honour a JLetter, in which I have mentioned to you all the Particulars; which Letter be pleafed to take out of the Office and perufe it, what I have therein faid regarding your De- mands. I have APPENDIX, N 49; I have already given in an Anfwer regarding the. Phoorza of Breach, in my former Letter, which you will pleafe to re-perufe. There are performing the Agreements mentioned in the Time of Mr. Hodges, when Chief of Surat ; notwithstanding which, if you want more Favours therein, I am ready. Through the Advice of Mr. Draper and Gambier, the Honourable Company's Troops were fent : they are therefore anfwerable for the Charges thereof, for I did not begin myfelf. Your Honour fays, " That I /hould take all the Matters you have above exprelTed, into my ferious Confideration, and what I have to fay regarding them ; to this I reply, that I have given you Anfwers before to all the above Matters ; after confidering, therefore, it is too far for your Honour, Sec. to talk about thefe Things now, for you wrote me about the Time of my coming to Bombay, that nothing /hall be talked of about what was pall- ed before. As you have pofitively wrote to me now, that you will not aft unreafonably with me, therefore it is right that you (land to your faid Writing, as I depend upon your Word. I have already given you an Anfwer to your ;th Article, in this Paper, Article ad, there- fore need not to repeat it again. You wrote me concerning the Cuftoms ; to which I reply, That what was fettled in the Time of the deceafed Nabob by Mr. Hodges, is acceptable to me, and I will charge no more. What you fay regarding Amadavad is true. Your Honour gave me fair Writing under the Company's Seal, that on my coming to Bombay nothing /hall be talked of about me what was parted before, and a firm Friend- fhip {hall be made agreeable to my Wifhes, and we may part in a ftronger Friend/hip than ever, without Difference. You have likewife wrote me concerning the Money, that I muft be thoroughly fatisfied that there can be no Truth in fuch Kind of News, for there is not the leaft Foundation for it; notwithftanding all which, I was greatly furprized at your Friendship and Kindnefs. I hope you will, keeping your Sight upon your Writing, order your Munfee to give me a fair Writing, conformable to my foul Copy which I gave you the 141!) Inftant, doing which you will comply with your Word, and I /hall return 10 Bombay and from your Honour well plcafed. Traiijlate cftvbat tie Nabob wrote on (be Bad oftbc Governor'' t Anfwer to bin. If you had fuch an Intention on your Heart, why dM you call me here on your Word ? This Thing is too far from your Greatnefs. You will pleafe to obfervc all the Partku- cnlars on a feparate Paper. TLe Governor'* Reply. Upon the whole, you fay you have already given me Anfwers to every Thing J if fo, you have nothing more fay. But 1 wifh for your own Sake, and it will be for your own Intereft, to adjuft every Thing in fuch a Manner as to make the Company your Friend, which will fee u re you againft your Enemies ; ar.d further, may enable you and them topurfuemuch greater Things hereafter, as pointed out by yourfelf ; which will bear no Comparifon with your prefent Situation. I have for all this Time been filent, in Expectation that you would of your- felf have faid fomething-towards an Accomodation ; but as you have not, and you defired J will fjgn the Paper you caufed to be /hewn me, I was obliged to fend you the Memo- randum my People /hewed you to-day, as it is impoflible for me to fign fuch a Paper, when you have made no Offer to fettle our Demands. But if you are determined not to accomodate Matters, you may reft fecure I /hall keep my Word in repbcing you in your own City, agreeable to my Promife, after having given you more Honours than were ever given to sny Perfon whatfoever at this Place ; and that you arc as fecure as if you were in your OWH Houfe, or more foj but I muft ferve my Maftsis. 3 p APPENDIX, N 49. Tranjlatc of a. Letter from the Nabob of Breach. Received tie z^tb Infant. After Compliments: 1 have deceived your Honour's Letter, and obferve the Contents of the Five Paragraph* you wrote me therein. I readily believe what you fay, that you will fend me to Broach fafe ; for I have no Manner of Doubt with regard to your complying with your Word. Now I give you a plain Anfwer to your above Five Paragraphs, that as you have held rny Hand, and brought me to Bombay, the fliorteft Way to accommodate Matters is, thjt jour Honour ought to write me plain, fuch as I can afford to accept, agreeable to my In- ability : You will write me fo plain, that I may clearly understand. The LoiTes and Scarcity of Cafh which I am fuffering thefe Three or Four Year?, is very well known to your Honour j therefore what you order me you will do it, keeping your Sight on my In- ability, and on the Company's Security Paper you have granted me ; that is to fay, that on my Arrival at Bombay a Friendfhip will be made, agreeable to my Wiihes. 1 know that every Thing can be done by your Favour. I agree to what your Honourfays in your Firft Letter to me regarding the Cuftoms, and will abate therein as much as you will lay. TrartJIate cfanotber Letter from tbe Naloi. Received tbeiyb Tnflart. After Compliments: I have fent your Honour an Anfwer laft Night, which I doubt not you have received. 1 have a long Hiftory of Circumftances to tell you, which I wifli I could fpeak to you perfonally j but my Tongue does not permit me to do it ; I did therefore make Nanna Bhoy fit down with me till Two o'C lock this Morning, and have communicated to him all the Particulars. Your Honour will fend for him j hear all from him, and favour me with your Anfwer to the above Letter, and his Information. Tie Trefidenfi Account of tbe Negotiation ivifl tie Broacl Nalcb, Having fignified to the Nabob of Broach his having been here fome Time, and had not yet heard any Thing from him with refpeft to our Demand on him, only that he had de- livered me a Paper with fome Propofals of his own, without any Mention towards an Ac- cpmmodation of our Demand, I fent him, wrote in Pcrfian, what was neceffary he fhould fettle before he relumed to Broach, as he intends fetting out foon j and that 1 could not think of figning a Paper he fent me a Tranflate of, until he had come to fome Agreement about fettling that Bufinefs : Which he attempted to evade by faying, that we had fagned a Security Paper, that every Thing fhould be fettled agreeable to his Defire, which is, that every Thing fhould be forgot, as he had condescended to come to Bombay, and deli- vered his Pei foil into our Hands on the Faith of our Writing j and that now he wanted to return back. To which I replied, That he might depend on our complying withj bat that 1 thought it behoved him to think well before he went, and fettle every Thing before he went away j and that 1 would not be unreafonable in my Demands j on which he fent me Yefterday a Paper, wherein he defires I will write him plain, that he may clearly un- derftand what we expcc~r. The following is what we demanded of him in April laft : The Demand on Account of the Phoorza of Broach is efttmated at 70,000 Rupees a Year, which having been withheld for 40 Years pa(r, amounts to 2 S Lacksj but the Na- bob fays it has not been paid this 50 or 60 Years, which encreales the Demand propor- tionably. This was granted by Phirmaund from the Mogul to the Nabobfliip of Surat, about 1 50 Years fmce. The next is, for what has been coined on Account Cuftoms from the Merchants trading under the Company's Pioteclion for about Six Years paft, dUmated at Rupees 25,000 a Year, amounts to Rupees 150,000. Next, the Charge of the Expedition laft May, amounting to between Two and Three Lacks of Rupees, which makes the whole Demand on him amount to about 33 Lacks ; and that he fettles a certain Sum to be paid in Surat annually, in the Month of July, on Account the Phoorza,vi 2 . 12, 15, or 20,000 Rupees a Year, with proper Security. If we can get 5 or 6 Lacks for our Demand, it will be well, or more, if pof- 6 Able, APPENDIX, N 49; fible, when I think we may enter into an Alliance with him, and take into Confideratioft what he has pointed out regarding Guzerat. Prefofals made by tie Naltl of Breach, at the Bajis of a Treaty to le made between tbt Ho* nourable Company and him. if}. That we ftiall promife to get him and his Subjects paid their juft Debts, after being proved from many of their Debtor?. Refufed. zd. Upon account of his making a firm Friendship with us, mould theMarattaj quarrel with him, or otherwife, we (hall in fuch Cafe join him with our Troops, Balls, and Powder, &c. and he mall on his Part do the fame. 3d. At the Time of our marching againft the Nabob, Futtee Sing took his Bond for certain Sums of Money to be paid him at the Opening of the Seat'on, which he now de- mands, and we muft promife to get back from him, by writing him Letters, or any other Means. Refufed. The particular Payment of Two Lacks of Rupe. I ft Payment in the Month of Moharan 1186 Rupees 50,000 ad D D 9 D u7 50,000 5 d D D" D 1188 50,000 4th D D=> D 1189 50,000 Pray don't difcover this to any body. Rupees 2,00,000 Tranjlate of a Writing from tit Nabob of Cambay. L. S. The Paper of Agreement between the Honourable Englifli Eaft India Company, and Meinam Cawn, Nabob of Cambay. Agreeable to what I have been requefted by Mr. John TorlofTe, Refident of Cam- bay, I now do promife, that mould Goge at any Time fall again into my Hand?, and the Honourable Englifh Company be defirous of having a Factory there, I will grant it to them : On no Account whatfoever fuffer any other European Nation to fettle there. Alfo, from the long Friendfhip fubfifting between the Honourable Englifli Eaft India Company and me, I have hearkened to the Recommendation they have been pleafed t-> give to Eckarajee and Gopaljee Servia. I will on no Pretence whatfrever meddle with or trouble the ancient Poffeflions of Eckrajee, the Son of the late Bowfung, nor the Town or Fort of Bownagur, no more than what has always been ufual for the Pofieffbr of the Bunder of Gogo to take, and what I took when I was in Pofllflion thereof, and no more will I demanH. With refpeft to Goopaljee Servia and his Town, I will give nei- ther Moleftation. But I do requeft, that after this Agreement the Honourable Company will not recommend any more Perfons of that Country to me, and by the Help of God I and my Heirs will ftand to all Agreements hitherto entered into between us. Writ- ten with my own Hand this izih Day of the Moon Raijub, Year 1185, or azd Octo- ber 1771. A true Tranflation, John Torkfle, A .true Copy, Daniel Draper. Extraf? of Bombay SchS Ccnfu/tatiotit, tie $otb November 1771. The Prefident acquaints the Committee he has defjred this Meeting to inform them, that the Nabob of Broach having made fome funher Overtures, he had fent proper Per- fons to reprefent to him the Impropriety of his poing from hence, without coming to Terms of Accommodation with the HcnonubU Company for their Demands upon him, and APPENDIX, N 49. and the Difadvantage which truit accrue to himfelf therefrom ; in confequence whereof the Nabob had at length offered to pay to the Honourable Company the Sum of 4 Lacks of Rupees, provided it be accepted in full of all Demands ; and to make over to the Honourable Company his Share of the Cuftoms collected on Goods imported at Broach by Britifli Subjects, or others trading under the Englifti Pafs and Colours. On due Deli- beration therein, it is agreed to accept thofe Propofals, provided the Nabob agrees to the Payment of the ftipulated Sum, within a confident Tirr.ej buc we wifli he could be induced to pay at leaft a Part thereof in ready Money. The Nabob being immediately acquainted thereof, reprefented his utter Inability to pay any Part in ready Money; but at length offered to pay One Half within Six Months, One Lack more within Twelve Months fiom the Date of the Fiift Payment, and the Remainder within the following Year : A Treaty agreeable thereto being drawn up, and the Nabob confenting to ratify the Articles of it, it is therefore refolved, Thut it be laid before the whole Board for their Approbation and Concurrence. Adjourned. Wm Hornby, Geo. Skipp, Nath' Stackhoufe, Secy, David Weddcrburn, Approved, W. Taylor, Jn Watfyn. Articles for a Treaty of Peace and firm Friendfhip between the Honourable Wil- liam Hornby, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Council of Bombay, in Behalf of the Honourable United Englifh. Eaft India Company, and the Nabob Imhjazood Dowlah, Maaiage Cawn, Eahawder Ditter Jung, of Broach, Sec. &c. iff. Peace and Friendfhip to fubfift uninterrupted in future, between the Honourable Company and the Nabob of Broach, his Heirs and Succeflbrs. ad. All Britifh Subjects or Perfons trading under the Protection of the Honourable Company's fealed Paffes and Colours, fhall pay no Cuftoms t Broach, &c. Places in the Nabob's Country, except fuch as the Honourable the Prefident and Council ihall impofe, which frail be levied by fuch Perfons as they ihall appoint on account of the Honourable Company; and the Nabob engages for himfelf and Succellbrs, that no Fees, Dues, or- Exa&ions of any Sort, fliall be levied on the faid Trade, by himielf or them, on any Pretence whatever. 3d. The Honourable the Prefident and Council ftull have free Liberty to fettle a Fac- tory wherever they think proper, and a fuitable Portion of Ground for building the faid Faftory on, or a convenient Houfe fliall be allotted for that Purpofe. 4th. The Dutch have already a Faflory at Broach, but in future no other European Natioa fliall be permitted to fettle a Fadory at Broach, without the Confent of the 'Ho- nourable the Prefident and Council. 5th. The Nabob engages never to aflift the Enemies of the Englifti Nation, but obliges himfelf to a ffi ft the Company in any Wars they may be engaged in, with 1000 private Sepoys and 300 Cavalry, with their Officers ; or fuch larger Number as they may want, aad he can fpare, at the following Rates ; viz. Each Horfeimn, Rupees i^fer Month. Each Sepoy, Rupees 7! fer D. cr at fuch Rates as it (hall appear they fland him in. 6th. The N.'.bob will not engage in any War with any of his Neighbours without the Confent of the Prefident and Council; but in all Wars which he fhall engage in with their Confenr, or if he fhall be fuddenly attacked in his Territories, they fhall give him effectual Support and Afiiftance, he paying the Troops on the following Terms : To each European, Rupees 15 fer Month. To each Sepoy, 7 D. N. B. The CommifTion Officers of the Company, and the Superior Officers of the Na- bob, to be paid at the Difcretion of the Party aflifted, but with the Concurrence and Ap- probation of the Party allifting. 7th. The Nabob agrees to pay unto the Honourable Company, in Confideration and Acquittal of all Demands to this Day, the Sum of Four Lacks of Rupees, which the Honourable the Prefident and Council agree to accept in full for their Claim on him for the Phoorza, and Exactions of Cuftoms on Biitiflt Merchants, on Condition he fliall inviolably adhere to the Terms herein contained j and in Failure thereof it ia hereby APPENDIX, N 49. hereby declared, that the above Sum of Four Lacks (hall be deemed and taken to be for repaying the Expence incurred by the Expedition only, and the Honourable the Prefident and Council in fuch Cafe hereby declare themfelves at free Liberty to purfne the moft effectual Means for the Recovery of any Demands which they or their Allies have, or hereafter may have, upon him. The faid Four Lacks of Rupees are to be paid within Two Years and a Half from the Date hereof, at the following dated Pe- riods j i"~' Two Lacks within Six Months from the Date hereof; One Lack more within Twelve Months from the Firft Payment } and the One Lack remaining in the following Year : For which he will enter into a Bond, binding himfelf and Heir;, and mortgaging hit whole Territories. 8th. In cafe any Expedition fli?.H hereafter be undertaken, and Succefe attend it, the Honourable the Prefident and Council will take care that the Nabob of Broach fliall have a Recom pence adequate to the Afliftance he may afford. 9th. In confideration of the Friend/hip eftabliihed between the Honourable Com- pany and the Nabob, he (hall have firm Frkndfbip with all their Friends and Al lies, particularly the Nabobs of Surat and Cambay, with whom he fliall enter into Treaty; and fliall confider all their Enemies as his, and ihey (hall confider all his Ene- mies as theirs. For due Performance of this Article, we, on the Part of the Nabjbs of Surat and Cambay, become Security. Separate Article entered into with, the Nabob of Broach. You the Nabob Sahib Imhjazood Dowlah, Maazul Cawn, Bahawder Dillejung, may live at the Port of Broach freely, believing us your Friends for ever. We have given up the Demand of Phoorzah, its Produce for Forty Years ; Overcharge in the Cuftoms on Goods belonging to the Merchants under the Honourable Company ; and Charge of the Expedition fent againft you. Our Hearts are quite cleared, and we have made a Friend/hip agreeable to your Wiihes. No Demands nor Anfwer now remain to make with you : We have given you this Acquittance in full for all Demands u above mentioned. We (hall get paid yours and your Subjects juft Debts from any Perfon or Place under our Government, on being proved. We fliall" admit no Information againft ; ou : We look upon Breach as ours, and Bombay as yours. This Protection Paper is granted to you from the Part of the Honourable Company, with their Word, as well as our Word and Honour, that we fliall not fail in our Friendship and Affiftance of Force and Am- munition upon Occafion, for which Purpofe this everlafting Protection Paper is given you. All the Counfellors are bound that no Difference will be either with you or your Children, and the Friendfhip (hall be daily iiicreafed more and more. You may, if you chufe, come to Bombay with your Family. For your coming and going, as well as for the Performance of all the Conditions herein above mentioned, this Agreement will fcrve you as a Voucher, which we agree to perform with the Honourable Company's "Word and Honour. Should any Merchants of Broach, or the Perfons under your Pro- tection, chufe to tnde to Bombay, we agree to their doing it freely, and paying the ufual Cuftoms of this Place, without Hindrance on the Part of the Honourable Com- pany. Tranjlatt / tbt Nabvb"i Band t tie Honourable Company. Know all Men, That I Imhja70od Dowlah, Mazood Cawn, Bchawder Dillejung, Nabob of Broach, have this Day agreed and acknowledged myfclf indebted unto the Honourable United Englifh Eaft India Company, the Sum of Four Lacks of Rupees, current Monry of Bombay, for the Payment of which to be well and truly made unto the Honourable Vvilliam Hornby Efquire, Prefident and Governor, &c. Council of Bombay, at the following dated Periods, I hereby bind myfelf, my Heirs and Succeflbrs, and mortgage my whole Territories to be at the Difpofal of the faid Company in ea!c f Failure; viz. Two Lacks within Six Months from the Date hereof. One APPENDIX, N' 50. One Ditto more within Eighteen Months DO. One Ditto more within Two Years and Sir Months D*. In Witnefs whereof I have hereunto voluntarily fet my Hand in Bombay, this joth Day of November 1771, in the Prefence of My Brother, My Uncle, My Codjee, My Morelfee, My Vackeel; who have alfo figned to this Bond, as Witnefies of its being my Al and Deed. APPENDIX, N 50. ExtraR ef tbe Company 's General Letter to Bombay j dat:d iji dpri! 1772. Par. 34-T N regard to the Expedition againft the Nabob of Broach, in which yotj ]L appear to have engaged from Motives as unjuftifiable as the former, the fame was altogether fo vague and ill conducted, that we are furprized you ftiould attempt to exculpate yourfelves from Blame, which you feem to think due only to want of Sue- cefs. We fiiall not here point out every Circumftance which has excited our Difplcafure, but we muft declare, that you have not only weakened our Confidence in your Admi- nirtration, by involving us in unnecefiary Expence, but brought Difcredit on our Arms by Enterprizes, which afforded no probable J'rofpect of Advantage, and the more fo, as the above Expeditions were wantonly undertaken, at a Time when you declared your- felves under the greateft Difficulties to raiie Supplies for the indifpenfable Occafions of your Prefidency ; and which you urge as a Reafon for deviating from our exprefs Com- mands on another Subjeft, namely, for exceeding the Rate we had fixed for Bills of Exchange. ie. We obferve with what Earneftnefs you charge the ill Succefs of the Broach ^Expedition to the Mifconduct of our Servants at Surat, and indeed, we fee enough to convince us how unfit they were for fuch an Undertaking. Their liftening to the In- formaticaof a Man who might have juftly been fufpedted of bting in the Intereft of the Kabob, and their marching the Forces by Land, when they might with more Security and Difpatch have proceeded on Veffels immediately to Broach, are Inftances of Error and Mifconduct we know not how they will iuftify to us 5 but as you have directed a flriet Enquiry to be made into the Cau'es of this Failure, we fhall fufpend our final Condemnation of their Proceedings until we (hall be furnifted with every Particular relative thereto, and which we require you to tranfmit by the firit Opportunity. 76. There however appears one Caufe which may have contributed to your Difap- pointment, which cannot be afcribed to our Servants at Surat j namely, your putting the Expedition under the Direction of Civil Servants, who muft be fuppofed ignorant of military Ooerations, and mi^ht therefore not deem themfelves concerned in the Event ; whereas, had the Expedition been left wholly to the Conduct of the military Com- mander, his Honour would not only have been engaged in its Succefs, but he wouid otherwife have been anfwerable for any Mifconduct in the Progrefs of it. 37. Upon the Whole, we are as little fatisfied with the Reafons you have urged for oermittin" Expeditions againft the Coolies and the Nabob of Broach, to take place, as with the Mealures you took for carrying them into Execution j we therefore deem you refponfible for all Expences incurred thereby ; and direct, that you fail not to tranimic us a full and particular Account thereof, by the returning Ships of this Seafon, Extratf cf tie Company 'i General Letter to Bombay ; dated ijt Jpril 1772. P^r. 31. The Reafon afligned by you for fending a Land Force againft the Coolies, is fo very fineuhr, that we canr.ot find Words to exprefs our Aftoniihment thereat. Having determined to invtft AJi Novas Cawn in the Naibftiip of Surat, we obferve, you refolve to enforce your Recommendation of All Novas Cawn to the Nabob by a very confiderable Armament ; but as the Nabob, upon your pledging the Company's Honour for the Cvniuft of Ah Novas Cawn, confented to receive him as Naib without drawing the APPENDIX, N 51; the Swor3, upon Receipt of his Letter you found your Troops readv to embark, but the intended Expedition rendered unneceflary by the Nabob's Compliance, whereupon it occurred to you, that an Expedition againft the Coolies had been fubmitted to your Confideration, in a former Letter from Surat, and you now inftantly refolve, that it be- hoved you to extirpate the faid Coolies, and upon this momentary Confederation^ you venture to weaken your Garrifon and that of Surat, in order to commence and profecute a War, not, becaufc, upon mature Confideration, it had been found abfolutely necefTary( for if fo, it ought to have been done fooner), but becaufe you were deter- mined, at all Events, to employ your Troops. 33. However fatisfied you maybe with the Iffue of this Expedition, we muft here declare the Ends propofed by it do not appear to us to be completed by the Treaty you have entered into with the Nabob of Cambay ; and by the Sum he has ftipulated to pay for your furrendering Toohjee Fort into his Hands j fo far are we from confidering this Meafure 35 likely to anfwer your Expectations, that we own ourfelves apprehenfive that greater Mifchiet's may enfue from the Fort being in his Pofiefiion than in that of the Coolies 5 and with refpect to the Sum of Rupees 75,000, for which you have made this Ceflion, you will not expect us to confider it as an Equivalent for the Charges which mud have attended a Land Expedition. Extra 'ft of Bombay Sclcff Confultatkn, tie 2-jtb November 1771. Tranflate of a Writing from the Nabob of Cambay. L. S. Tranflate of a Wri- The Paper of Agreement between the Honourable Englifh ting from the Nabob Eaft India Company and Moinan Cawn, Nabob of Cam- of Cambay. bay. Agreeable to what I have been requeued by Mr. John Torlefle, Refident of Cambay, I now do promife, that fliould Gogo at any Time fall again into my Hands, and the Honourable Englifh Company be defirous of having a Factory there, I will grant it t them, and on no Account whatfoever fufter any other European Nation to fettle there j alfo from the long Friendship fubftfting between the Honourable Englifh Eaft India Com- pany and me, 1 have hearkened to the Recommendation they have been pleafed to give to Zckarajee, and Gopaliee Servia. I will on no Pretence whatfoever meddle with, or trouble the ancient Poffeffions of Eckarajee, the Son of the late Bowfung ; nor the Town, or Port of Morondgur, no more than what has always been ufual for the Pofleflbr of the Bunder of Gogo to take, and wh;it I took when I was in Pofiefiion thereof, and no more will I demand. With refpect to Gopaljee Servia and his Town, I will give nei- ther Moleftation ; but I do requeft, that after this Agreement, the Honourable Company will not recommend any more Perfons of that Country to me ; and by the Help of Gnd, I, and my Heirs, will ftand to all Agreements hitherto entered into between us. Written with my own Hand this izth Day of the Moon Raijub, Year 1185, or zad October 1771. A true Trandation. John Torleffe. A true Copy. Daniel Draper. APPENDIX, N 51. Extract cf tbe Genera! Letter from Bombay, dated the 2ofi Navemier 1772. Par. 42. T N the 8th Paragraph of our Addrefs of the igth June hit, we i.nfor-n-d \_ your Honours of the Expectation we were then in of an An/wer from the Nabob of Broach, by which we hoped to be enabled to determine clearly as to hii Intentions in refpeft of the Treaty which was entered into on the jcUi November Jaft Year. RIP. V. 3 Q^ 43- On APPENDIX, N 51, 43. On the T4th July, the Prefide.it laid before us Tranflate of a Letter the Nabofc had addrelTed him on the Subject, in which he requefted Mr. Morley might be fent back to Broach ; but as the Letter was in general vague and inconclusive, we were of Opinion it 'vo. : jri b;: improper to comply with this Requeft, till the Nabob might con- vince us of the Sincerity of his Intentions, by remitting the firft ftipulated Sum, being Two Lacks of Rupees, &j Bills either on this Place or Surat, the Time for the Payment of it being elapled. 44. The Prefident accordingly acquainted the Nabob of our Determination, who in Reply addrefl'ed him anctrier Letter, which was laid before us on the igth Auguft, wherein he urges the Impofiibility of fending Bills, as it was not in his Power to pro- cure them to fo large an Amount ; but he therein declared, that the Money was adlually ready ; and defired a VtiTcl, with Mr. Morley on board, might be fent for it} and, as he at the faivse Time mentioned, that he did not even defire Mr. Morley fliould land till the Money was /hipped off, we were induced to believe, that he really intended to abide I>y his Agreements j and therefore, in order to do every Thing in our Power to bring it to an happy IfTue, we determined to fend a Veffel, with Mr. Morley, as foon as the Seafon opened. 45. Mr. Morhy accordingly arrived there on the ift October, when the Nabob, in- fiead of adhering to the Treaty he had folemnly entered into, or paying any Regard to the repeated Promises he has fince made to abide by it, moft bafely and perfidioufly evaded the fame, as your Honours-may fee at large in the feveral Letters from Mr. Morley and the Nabob, a Copy of all which is tranfmitted under K 48. 46. On the aift October the Prefident in Confutation acquainted us, that the Select Committee had taken the whole of this Affair under their Confideration ; but the Voices thereon being equally divided on the Queftion, Whether immediately to fend an Armament againft the Nabob for ehaftifing him for his bafe and perfidious Conduft ? or, Whether to wait your Determinations on the Subject ? it had been agreed to refer the fame to our De'termination. A Copy of the Prefident's Minute is tranfmitted under N49- 47. The Brigadier General at the fame Time laid before us a Letter, containing his Reafons for the Vote he gave at the Select Committee on this Occafion, as entered in our Diary on the fame Day j -a Copy of which, is alfo tranfmitted in the Packet under N 50. 48. We deferred till the following Day the Confideration of this Subjecl j and the Whole being then before us, as alfo your Honours Sentiments and Opinion on the firft Expedition againft '.he Nabob of Broach, contained in your Commands of the ift April 'Jaft, the Majority refolved, after the moft mature Deliberation, immediately to fit out a fuitable Armament, to procure ample Satisfaction for the infults he had dared to offer to your Honours, and for the bafe Violation of every Article of the Treaty he had iblemnly entered into j in purfuance of which the necefiary Marine and Military Force- was ordered to be got in immediate Readineft, becaufe it was deemed inconfiftent with your Honour and real Intereft to admit of any longer Delay. By our Minutes of the zzA Ultimo, your Honours will pleafe to obferve the Whole of our Proceedings herein ; and the Reafons afligned by Mefl'rs, Draper, Watfon, Stackhoufe, Shaw, and Garden, for diffentingto an Expedition at this Juncture. 49. Thofe Gentlemen cddrefied us a jcint Letter on the joth Ultimo, afiigning their Reafons at large for their DifTent to the Meafures which were refolved on ; a Copy of which, agreeable to their Requeft, is enclofed in the Packet, under N 52; arid WefTrs. Fletcher and Tayler, the fame Day, laying before us, each a Letter, containing their Reafons for voting for the Expedition being immediately undertaken, we encloie Copies of them, under N" 51, for your Honours Information. 50. The Brigadier General and Superintendent having tendered their Services to command the refpective Departments, which we accepted, and every Thing having been prepared with the utmoit Difpatch that the Service would admit, the Veilel?, with the Troops on bcardj failed from hence on the 2d Inftant; and as the Fleet had arrived at Surat Bar on the yth, and Mr. Morley in his Letters acquainted us, that the Nabob had not above Two thoufand Soldiers in his Pay, and thofe, as well as the Inhabitants of the Town in general, much difaffected ; we therefore have very little Doubt but it would become an cafy Conqueft, and that in the laiter Part of this Addrefs we fhall be able to advife your Honours, that the Difcredit which your Arms had fuffered, by the Failure of the former Expedition, has been amply regained, and that they have been jrellored to that Credit in the Eyes of the- Country Powers,, which they formerly ufed to APPENDIX, N 51. fimd ; and we are in hop?s that it will be attended with many othej confiderablc Ad- vant.-e;es, and that the Expence which will be incuired by it will be but fmall. ;;!. Our Inftruttions to MeflVs. Wedderburn and Watfon, who command the Military and Marine Departments, and whom we appointed for conducting this Service, are entered under the ift November, in our outward Letter Book} and under N 53, is Copy of the Translate of a Letter the Prefident received from the Nabob, under the 3 1 ft October, which is couched in the fame evafive Stile as his former Ones, and there- lore merited no Notice. 5Z. In our Diary is entered, under the 141!] July, a Letter from Mr. Morley to the Surat Chief and Council, containing a better Account of the Broach Nabob's Forces and Revenues than we have ctherwife procured ; and from this Letter, your Honour* will observe, that the Plea of Inability which the Nabob made Ufe of, to evade difcharging the Sum due by Treaty, muft have been falfe, and done only with a Defign to arr.ufe and deceive; we therefore natter ourfelyes you will approve the Mcafure we have purfued, more efpecially as thofe Gentlemen who diuented from it were of Opinion with us, tha; fuch a Step would have been really neceflary, had not the Conduction they put upon y-iiir Commands of the ift April laft, and the other Confiderations ftated in their Letter, induced them to wifli to defer it only till what they efteemed a more proper Juncture, paid they could have your Sentiments on the Whole. JLxtraEi cf Bombay Central Confultations, the lift Qfloker 177*. PRESENT, The Honourable William Hornby, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, The W Daniel Draper, Efquire, David Wcdderburn, Benjamin Jervis, John Watfon, Nathaniel Stackhoufe, Brice Fletcher, William Tayler, William Shaw, Pvobert Garden. The Prefident tl en acquainted the Board, That fince the Meet- Broach, Nabob of, ing of the I3th Inftant, ti>e Select Committee had confidered of the Conduct to the Advices which have been received from Mr. Morley, contain- be obfervcd towards ing an Account of the Broach Nabob's deceitful and perfidious him, referred by the Cor duel j and as the Voices were therein equally divided, Wne- Selcct Committee to ther immediately to fend an Armament againft him to chaftife the Board. him for his Behaviour t or, To wait the Honourable Company's Directions ? it had been>i:efi.lved therein to refer it to Board for their Determination ; he therefore prcp^fes the following to their Condder- ation : _ ,. Firft, Whether our fitting down quiet with the Treatment we refident, his ^ue- have rc:eivcd from the NVaoll ()f H , .ch, will be for the Intcrcft uffk? or Cred " of our Honourable Matters? and if we do, may we not liroacb Nabob, expea to meet with the like Treatment from other Poweis ? Secondly, It is true the Honourable Court of Directors have fignified to us their DKapproval of our having acted hoftilely i.gainsl him at firft ; but now they are advifed of (he Treaty we made with him, do you not think they will expert that he make the fame good, or that we oMige him to do it, both for their Honour and Intereft ; and that we (hall be highly blame.ible, (hould we tufier t.urfelves to he thus trifled with, and not refent it ? I am therefore of Opinion, that it is both for the Honour and Intereft of our Honourable Matters, that immediate Satisfaction ihould be taken for fuch his Beha- viour; and which, 1 make no Doubt, will be approved by try Honourable Matters. It is their Credit and Int-reft I make my Motive for urging it ; and a better Opp Ttunity cannot well offer than the prefeut, when moft of his Mijefly's Squadron will be laying here. aoth Oaobcr 1772. William Hornby. w !,,, Rr .kl. The Uneadicr General lay: before fie Board a Letter Wedderburn, B G.givc s hi. ^^.^ ^ ^^^ for the Ofj ; fii(>rl he gave at the Opinion on the Meafures SeJ - ft ^ mm - on tbe M ea f lirc , n.c.fTar* to be pur- purfued with, the N,b,b ot {i ^ ^ ^ ^ o}) Q{ BrMcb> a$ ^^ ^ thi . ^ toach ' Co.r.ultation. Th* APPENDIX, N 5 i, The Board deeming the above of too much Importahce to be direUy determined oq, do agree to meet To-morrow Evening at Six o'Clock, for this Purpole j and do therefore now adjourn till that Time. Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, A Letter from the B. As military Men in India have fometimes been foppofed General, coutainip.ghis to be fond of promoting military Enterprizes, mure from a Reafons for the Opi- Love of Glory, or felfifh Views, than from any proper Confi- nion he gave on the deration of the Expcnces neceffarily attending fuch Under. JVIeafures neceffary to takings, or a juft Calculation of the Advantages which their be purfued againft the Employers may expect to reap from their Conquefts ; and as the Nabob of Broach. Prelident has laid before the Board what patted at the Select I Committee, I think it incumbent on me to ftate to this Ho- nourable Board my Ideas on the Subject of the Confultation of the i^th Iriftant, and the Reafons for the Opinion J have given, that fair and impartial Men may judge of my Motives. I reckon it a very lucky Circumftance that I am not fingular in my Opinion of the .Meafures proper and neceffary to be purfued on the prefent Occafion. The Gentlemen whom I have the Honour to concur with, will, I believe, be acquitted of Sufpicion. of interested Views in an Expedition againft Broach. As to myfelf 1 declare, I never iaw, fince I have been a Soldier ; a Service that I fo little defired as the Service againft Broach ; and were it not from a Senfe of the Duty I owe to the Honourable Company, I would rather chufe to decline than to undertake it. Every Member of this Board is now fn well acquainted with Broach, that if 6 or 800 trained Europeans, and twice as many difciplined Sepoys, were to atchieve the Conqueft and Reduction of the Place in 24 Hours, they would think it might be dpne in a fhorter Time: If every Thing were to fucceed in the happieft Manner poffible, little Credit would be acquired by the Troops, or by the Commanding Officer 5 but if they were to fail, if their Succefs was by any Accident delayed ever fo little, they would be over* whelmed with Difgrace, perhaps loaded with Obloquy. Every Thing moft precious to a Soldier may be loft on fuch an Undertaking, and there 19 nothing to be gained. Every Man of Reflection muft know, that in fuch an Enter- prize depending on fo many combined Circumftances, many untoward Accidents may happen, which no human Prudence could forelee or prevent, and which may ove/fct the beft laid Plans, and render ineffectual the beft concerted Dcfjgns. The Commands of the Honourable Court in their Lttter to this Prefidency, under Pate the jft April, ;.re ftated as the principal Grounds on which the Opinions are found- ed, that incline to tamely fubmitting to the grofs and repeated Infults and Violations of Treaty en the Part of the Nabob of Broach, and to pacific Meafures for the prefent. "While I continue in the Honourable Company's Service, I will endeavour to be as obe- dient to the Orders of the Honourable Court as any Gentleman of this Board ; but I confefs, after the moft attentive Perufal of the Honourable Court's Commands of the lit April 1771, I cannot put the fame Construction on them as thefe Gentlemen do, who Cave voted for pacific Meafures j I cannot ptrfuade myfelf that the laft Directors (who, in the Whole of this Letter, have juftly laid much Strefs on the Advantages of local In- formation, and have ftudioufiy avoided giving ftrict and poiTitive Orders in Matters of Importance, but have left their Prefident and Council at Liberty to purfue fuch Meafures as from Circumftances and Events might appear mod for the Honour and Intereft of their Conftituents) could ever intent! to iilue Orders in April, which Should bind this Board, or infli.eacc their Conduct in Conjunctures which it was impoflibie for them to foreiee, and which have not happened till October. From the 3ad Paragraph to the 3$th, I find fcvere Cenfure on the paft Conduit of t!.is Board, in the Expeditions againft the Coolies and Broach. I find particularly in the 34th and 37th Paragraphs, that the Honourable Court is difpleafed with the Motives . upon which tbefe Expedition-; wer^ undertaken, and diffatisfied with the Reafons urged by this Board for permitting them to take place. But I muft confefs I cannot coq cc:ve that the Motives upon- which thcfe Expeditions ?re fir ft undertaken, and the f.lotivcs which, in my humble Opinion, Should now impel this Board to proceed ho- ftilely againft the Nabob of Bro;;h, arc in any refpect fimilar. That the Honourable Court diiapprove and blame rsviving old and doubtful Claims upon tne Nabob of Broadi, in order to frame a Pretext for attacking him, iiocs by no Means imply that they ir.icnd, in the. Situation to which the Honourable Company's Aftairs aro now brought at APPENDIX, N 51. t .'his Presidency, that the Prefident an3 Council fliould, in the prefent Circum/taneeiy remain inactive, and ramely fubmit to the jrofs and unparalleled Indignity which they have differed from the Nabob of Broach. I know that Peace is much more for the Intereft of the Company than War ; but I telieve it will be found true here, as in all other Governments, that the Way to avoid War is to be refpe&able. The Honourable Court have done their Duty ; they have puc fuch A Force under your Directions as might make this Government refp cctablc in the Eyes of all its Neighbours j but they can do no more j the reft depends on the Go- vernor and Council. 1 need not ; I am perfuaded, remind this Honourable Board of the Behaviour of the Nabob of Broach in April laft. It cannot be forgotten till it be puniflied j nor need I make any Oblervatious on his late Conduct j every Gentleman here muft feel ic ftrongly. The Expences of an Enterprire againft Broach cannot be confiderable. The Suc- cefs is as aflured as the Succefs of any Operation of the Kind can be. I have de- liberately confidered ihe Honourable Compaq's Orders I know the Diftrefll-s we are in for Money I know the Force that may be employed againft Broach } and I do not hefitate to declare it to be my Opinion, that in the prefent Conjuncture, a fpeedy, vigorous, and fpirited Effort (hould be made to chaftife the Nabob of Broach, for his ui, folcnt, bafe, and perfidious Conduct. I am, with the grcateft Refpedt, Bombay, Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, ^ifiOctobcr 1772, Your moft obedient, and moft humble Servant, David Wcdderburn, fxtraR cf Bomlay General dnfiltatioas, the ^Qtb QP.tlcr 1772. PRESENT, The Honourable William Hornby, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, The W Daniel Draper, Efquire, David Wedderburn, John Watfon, Nathaniel Stackhoufe, Brice Fletcher, William Tayler, William Shaw, Robert Garden. Mr. Benjamin Jervis indifyofed. Draper, Efqf, Daniel, &c. de- Meflieurs Draper, Watfon, Stackhoufe, Shaw, an! liver a joint Letter, containing Garden, who diiiented from the Refolution of the Board their Reafons for diflenting to in our laft Confutation on the Meafurcs then refolved to an Armament being fent a- be purfued for obtaining Redrefs at this (unfture from gainft Broach. the Nabob of Broach, now lay before the Boaid a Letter, containing their Reafons for their D:ffcnt. Ordered, That it be entered after this Confutation. FIetcher,Ef Latitude, no difcre- tiformation might af- ford us. But as the Expedition is then refolved on, we mod ardently wi/h it may terminate to the Honour of our Arms, and (hall be equally felicitous with the other Members to co optraie in every refpect that may render it fuccefsful and advantageous. We arc, with Refpeft, Bombay, Honourable Sir, and Sirs, S6th Oftober 1772. Your moll obedient humble Servant?, Daniel Draper, John Watfon, Nathaniel Stackhoufe, William Shaw, Robert Garden. t i>n/>r fmtr. Mr Honourable Sir, and Sirs, Fletc ff Our Honourable Matters having been rrfeafed, in their Command* ,. 'p . f of the ift April 1772, to difapprove of our Motives for undertaking tor voti 3 f the former Ex P edition againft Broach, I requeft the following Reafoni F v ! n f >r may (land upon Record for my acquiefcing in the prefent one ; and sainft th N whatever may be the Event, I flatter myfelf, they will appear fnffi- boh of B h Clent to J ufi ' f y me f r a &i n S in fuming Contradiction to their Senti- ments on the Subjet. I will not here pretend to enter into a Difcuffion of the Motives which firft led thi Board to attack the Nabob of Broach ; the Meafures purfued afterwards fufficiently evince the defire this Board had to cultivate his Friendfhip, and to live on peaceable Terms with him; in confequence of which, a Treaty was entered into, which, on our Parts, has been ftriUy adhered to, but on that of the Nabob moft (hamefully infringed in every Particular. Our Refident has been treated with the greateft Contempt, and every Mark of Difrefpeft fhewn to the Eng'.ifh, infomuch that it appears to me totally inconfiftent with the Honour and Intereft of the Company, longer to fubmit to fuch repeated Infults, v,hich muft only tend to leflen us greatly in the Eyes of the neighbouring Powers, but is fraught with many ill Confequences too obvious to need being enumerated. The Ho- nourable Company muft neceffarily have that Confidence in us, to fuppofe we can only have their Intereft in View in an Undertaking of this Sort; and however averfe they may- be to houile Meafures, I am firmly of Opinion, they never would approve of our tatrreljr bearing the Infults by the Nabob, without (hewing a fuitable Refentment, merely becaufc they had exprefTed thefe their Sentiments. Circumftances may be fuch, as to render it highly improper to be actuated implicitly thereby, of which we on the Spot can alone be the proper Judges. This appears to me to be the Cafe at prefent, and for that Reafoo, I give my Voice for the Expedition being immediately fet on Foot. I am, with the greateft Refpeft, Bombay. Honourable. Sir, and Sir?, your moft obedient humble Servant, Brice Flstcher. tetter from Mr. Honourable Sir, and Sirs, Tayler, aflign- The Refolution for the immediate Chaftifement of the Nabob of ing his Reafons Broach, for his late infolent and perfidious Conduct, having been de- far voting for terminsd folely by the cafting Vote of the Honourable the Prefident, I an Expedition a- (hall here beg leave to infcrt the Reafons that urged me to vote, as I gainft Broach. did, in favour of it. In the Firft Place, his having broke through every Part of the Treaty which he voluntarily came here and entered into, under the 301)1 of November 1771. Secondly, The Language held by the Honourable Court of Directors, in the gth Para- graph of their Command" of the ^oth June 1769, fpeaking of an Infult that had been oftered to this Board by Vifiajee Punt j The Paragraph is as follows j viz. APPENDIX, N 15. '* You will fee by the whole Tenor of our Letters to you and the other Pref.o'encier, * that we are rather jealous of the Maratta Power, yet we have fought to continue in ** Peace with them, and to keep up a friendly Intercoiirfe ; but if they think fit to take * a hoftile Partagainft u?, to fend you infulting Meflages, and to brave your Port with * their Grab?, it is Time to take vigorous Meafures ror preferving that Refpect which * we have hitherto held on your Side of India. When you wrote your Letter of the 1 3th " December, giving an Account of the Maratta Fleet cruizing oft" the Harbour, and of " the infolent Anfwer of Viflajce Punt, you had Ships in your Harbour more than fuffi- '* cient to have defiroyed his Fleet, or brought him to a more becoming and explicit De- * claration; and when Madarao informed you that his Deligns we're to demand the " Chout from the Nabob of A rcot, preferving at the fame Time toward? the English, ** you fliould have told him that thofe Two Things were incompatible ; that the Nabob * of Arcot was, as he knew, in firm Friendship and Alliance with the Englifli, and that " any Demand made upon him at the Head of an Army, laying wafte his Country, " would be anfwered by the Engliih Forces in all Parts of India, who never would fuffer " a People, under their Piotection, to be diftreffed and plundered under any Pretence " whatsoever. That Accounts Should be fettled between their refpedtive Agents in the * ufual Manner, and if any Thing was due from the Nabob of Arcot, yonr good Offices' * fliould be employed in bringing the Matter to an amicable Conclufion. This Sort of " Language, with fome vigorous Preparations at the fame Time by Sea and Land, WouW " have been more likely to preferve Peace with the Marattas, than the filent Refpeft ** with which you feem to have received all their Infults." Our Force was at that Time in no Shape equal to what it is at prefent, if therefore they then expected we ihould have Shewn fuch Refentment to the moft formidable Power in Hindoftan, what will they not fay to the filently receiving the Infults of a Nabob of Broach, whcfe whole Force, by the lateft Advice from Mr. Morley dated the l8ch In- fant, does not amount to 2000 Men, and thefediiTaffefled to him, from his withholding their Pay, as were his Subjects in general from his tyrannical and oppreflive Go- vernment. Notwithstanding the Honourable Court of Directors, in their Commands of the ift April laft, are pleafedto difapprove our Motives for this Expedition, they dwell much on the DifcrcJit brought on their Arms. Their Difapprobation of our Motives gives me much Concern } but the Circumftance of the Treaty, in my Opinion, totally changes our Situation, and weie we to fuffer the Infringement of it to pafs without immediate Cbaftifemenr, we fliould heap Diicredit on Difcredit. They are further pleafed to fay, the Enterprise afforded no probable Profpecl of Ad- vantage. Broach is the Key to the rich Kingdom of Guzerat, where moft of our Europe Inveftment is provided, and from whence all the beft Cotton is brought for the Confump- tion of India aad China. Behind Guzerat lay the extentive Provinces of Ajenere and jeffelroae, which formerly took off a large Quantity of our Woollens and other Europe Commodities. By a Letter from the late Chief of Surat, entered on our Diary the I4th May 1771, it appears that the Agents of Futtee Sing, whofe Capital is Brodar, about 45 Miles diflant in Land from Broach, had offered to pay down Five Lacks of Rupees, ar/d t^-i^oco per Annum, provided we would put their Mafter in Pofieflion of it. By the fame Letter the Buxey of Surat had offered Three Lacks down, and R s 50,000 per Annum. The Honourable the Prefident laft Council Day produced a Letter of a very late Date from the prefent Chief of Surat, acquainting him that Anoor Khan had offered to pay down Six Lacks. Mr. Morley, in his Letter of the April, entered in our Diary under the I4th July laft, advifed that the Nabob's Share of the Revenues of Broach amounted to R* 2,95,000 per Anrvm. Under the 6th Inftant he had received Intelli- gence from the Bamcans he had appointed our Brothers, that in their Opinion the leaft Amount the Nabob had in his Treafury was 70 Lacks of Rupees. Our becoming Matters of Broach, Should we not keep poffeiTion of it, may therefore be made a capital Advantage of, in obtaining from Madarao the Territorial Poffeffions re- commended and expected by our Honourable Employer?. As to the Charge of this Expedition, the Provi6ons will not exceed Rupees 29, oco, the Freight of Boats will amount to Rupees 6,000 fer Month. The Confumption of Stores will, I firmly believe, be very fmall. The Troops muft be paid, whether here or a? Broach, and the State of our Treafury has enabled us to pay the Sepoys going on the Ex- pedition to the End of this Month, and to permit of Rupees jo.oco being embarked for tke Payment of the European j and though our prefsnt Balance, may be but fmall, there 4 U APPENDIX, K 5 i. u certain Piofpeft of its increafing Very faft, from the late Sale of Veflels to tb.4 Amount of Rupees. - - 82,935 Bengal Goods, DO - 3,30,000 The intended Sale of Europe Goods, the 2d of next Month, which may be ex- pefred to yield, viz. 5000 Bales of Broad Cloth . 3,20,000 86 D 9 Lone Ells 34, oo 1626 L?ad ... 21,760 38 Steel - . 760 6582 Copper Plates - - 5,30,000 24^9 Copper Fine - - 2,10,000 686 Japan Copper - 55)OCo 11,71,920 Bills on Europe permitted to be drawn to the Amount of - 4,00,000 Rupees 19,84,855 The Gentlemen at Bengal have alfo acquainted us we may take every Opportunity of drawing on them, as they will of remitting us, any further Sums we may have Occafiort for. We have been advifed by Mr. Broone, that fome Money may be expected from the Rannie, in Part of her Debt. The Honour and Intereft of our Employers are infeparable. From the immediate 'carrying into Execution our Intentions againft Broach, I am confident both i!l be ac- quired, and I am as confident that the Lois of both muft be the Confsquence of a Delay. 1 have the Honour to remain, very refpectfully, Bombay, Honourable Sir and Sirs, 26th October, 1771, , Your moft obedient humble Servant, > ' William Taykr. Extra ft of a Letter from tie Governor and Council of B embay to the Couft of > Direc- tors, dated qtb December 1772. Par. 3. Incur Addrefsofthe 23d Ultimo, we have fully acquainted your Honour* with the Conduct of the Nabob of Broach in evading a Compliance with every Article of the Treaty which he entered into on the 3oth of November 177!] and with the Mo- tives which induced us to fend a fuitable Military and Marine Force againft Broach, c re- manded by the Brigadier General and Superintendant, to obtain Satisfaction for the Na- bob's bafe and perfidious Conduct ; and in the dole of the fame Addrefs we informed you, that the Prefident had juft received Intelligence that your Forces had ftormed and taken the Town on the i8th Ultimo, after the Batteries had been only Two Days open before the Place. We have now the Pleafure to acquaint you that we have fince received a Confirmation of this fortunate Event, and the Town is now actually in our Poffeffion. The Lofs in killed and wounded would have been efteemed inconfiderable on this Oeca- fion, had not Brigadier General Wedderburn been amongft the Number of the former, who was unfortunately killed on the Morning of the I4th Ultimo, as he was reconnoi- tring too rear the Walls of the Town. 9. The Revenues of this Place, by the beft Account we are yet able to procure, amount to about Seven Lacks annually, about One H;ilf of which was collected by the late Na- bob, and Remainder by Futty Sing, Son of the late Damajee, who has already acquaint- ed the Gentlemen in Command there, that he expects to receive his Proportion as here- tofore, refpecting which we have yet come to no Determination ; but we have refolved to keep the new Conqueft in our Poflefiion till we can judge of its exact Value, or be able to difpofe of it in fuch Manner as may be moft for your Intereft ; in puriuance of which we have fent Orders to your Chief and Council at Surat to eftablifli a Refider.t. and Fac- tors there, who are to be fubject to the Orders of the former j and we have directed the Chief to repair thither for fettling Matters upon a proper Footing, ordering, at the fama Time, that Colonel Gordon (on whom the Command of the Military devolved upon the Death of ihe Brigadier General) and Mr. Watfon, fliould return to their reipective Sta- Rl*. V. 3 R tigijj APPENDIX, N 51. tiom here with the Forces under their Command, except fuch Part as Mr. Fiice and thofe Gentlemen may iudge requifite to remain at Broach as a fuitable Garrifon, on due Confi- deration of every Circumstance which can effect it. For every neceffary Particular rela- tive to our Motives for fettirg on foot this Expedition, our Addrefs of the z$d Ultimo, with the Papers which accompany it, will fully explain, and your Honours will therein, be fully acquainted with the Reafons affigned by Meffrs. Draper, Watfon, Stackhoufe, Shaw, and Garden, who difiented from the Meafure, and were for deferring it till what they efteemed a more proper Juncture by the Receipt of your Orders thereon. Succei's however having attended it, and the Difgrace brought upon your Arms by the Failure in the former Attempt being wiped off, and as we hope it will turn out very advantageous to your Honours, we therefore doubt not but the Undertaking will meet with your Approba- tion. We have directed that the Hunderand Booty taken fhall be divided agreeable 'to your Orders, deducting firft the Expences of the Expedition. Upwards of One Lack of Rupees has been already taken in the Durbar, with other Things of Value } and as it is generally allowed that the Nabob on his Flight, when the Troops entered the Town, carried no- thing of Value with him, and as his Riches are acknowledged to have been confiderable, we hope that his Trealure, to a much larger Amount, will be fliortly difcovered. 10. Mr. Moftyn, on his Arrival from England, was admitted to a Seat at our Board, and Shortly after the Receipt of your Commands of the ift of April laft, he fet out for Poona, with fuitable Instructions for accomplishing the Points your Honours have in View, by his Refidence at the Maratta Durbar. He has acquainted us that Mhada Row and his Minifters acquiefced in bis continuing there as a fixed Refident, and that in ge- neral he had been very well received : He alfo advifed us that he fliortly expected an Anfwer to your Honour's Letter, which we hoped to have received in Time to have fent in the Duke of Cumberland Packet ; but Mhada Row's Death, which happened on the 1 8th Ultimo, after a lingering Illnefs, we fuppofe prevented it. He has been fucceeded by his Brother Narron Row, and we do not rind that any internal Disturbance is likely to happen on this Occafion. By the laft Advices from Bengal and Madras every Thing remained in perfect Tran- quillity at thofe Places. ExtraS if tic Central Letter to Bomlay j ilri April 1775. 43. There is no Part of your Conduct more reprehenfible than that of engaging with- out abfolute NecelTity in Military Expeditions. The large Sums which have been ex- pejjded at Broach, and on the Cooleys, are an immediate Inconvenience to the Com- pany, and the Confequences of your Proceedings embarrafling in the higheft Degree ; and after fucceeding igainft the Place, it is mortifying to obferve, that our Affairs are in a much worfe Situation than they were before thofe Expeditions were undertaken ; as we do not find, that the Charges incurred in conquering the Country, and the Expences of keeping the Conqueft, are likely to be defrayed from its Refources in a reafonable Time, without opprefling the Inhabitants. 44. In your Statement of the Company's Share of the Broach Revenues, we find Rupees 68,659, faid to be a Tribute paid by Country Powers. This Article wants Ex- planation. We wifh to be informed what Country Powers pay this Tribute, and by what Right, or en what Pretence it is collected. 45. The whole of our Annual Revenue at Broach we obferve is dated at Rupees 2.41,554 The Annual Expence at Rupees 2,18,584. And the clear Income Rupees 23,970 46. The Expence of the Firft Expedition was upwards of Four Lacks of Rupees, and of the Lift ne.uly Three Lacks of Rupees. 47. Altho'your Firft Expedition againft Broach was undertaken in 1771, and the Place reduced in November 1772, Enquiries into that Mtfminagement, which claimed your immediate Attention, have been prolonged, and your Resolutions thereon deferred till 1774 ; and we find, that although a Majority of the Council tbought proper to appoint a Committee to inveftigaie the Affairs of Broach, the Meafure has not been earned into Execution. 48. As the Materials and Particulars before us are unfatisfadtory, and as your Pro- cecdings and Rsfclutiou* thereon are far irom being unanimous, we therefore direct, That APPENDIX, N 52; That a Committee of Enquiry, confifting of Four, viz. Rawfon Hart Boddam, Wil- liam Tayler, Andrew Ramfay, and Daniel Crokatt, be forthwith fent to Broach ; and that they be inftrufted to afcertain, with all poffible Exa&nefs, the Produce of the Country, Number of Inhabitant?, the State of the Manufactures, the fortified Places, the grofs Amount of the Revenues, the Company's Share thereof, the Articles from which they arife, the Mode by which they are colle&ed, the Charges of Collection, the com- bined Amount or Proportion received by us and Futty Sing from the Produce of the Purgunnahs, and that which Cuftom or Ufage has allotted to the Cultivator of Lands as the Reward of his Labour; and alfo what Security the Native has for his Property, and what are the Modes of adminiftering Juftice in Civil and Criminal Cafes. 49. Another Object of the Committee's particular Attention muft bs, to fix upon a proper Military Eftablifliment for the Defence of Broach, till the Place fliall be other- wife difpofed of: and in doing this, due Regard muft be had to its Vicinage to Surat, and to the Succours which may on Emergencies be afforded from thence, or from the Prefi- dency, and alfo to the Opinion of the Commanding Officer, refpefting the Force neceffary for the Defence of Broach, and for the Protection of the Country. 50. The general Behaviour of our Servants at Broach muft alfo be fully inveftjgated by the Committee ; and in the Execution of this Part of their Duty, they muft review the Conduct of our Chief and Factors, from the Time the Place was taken to the prefent Period ; and report to you, in the fulled Manner, their Opinion refpefling the Manage- ment of Affairs under every Adminiftration, Change, or Alteration which has happene4 at Broach, and what Regulations may be neceflary for the collecting of the Revenues, and good Government of the Place in future, in cafe we fliould not be able to difpofe of our Share and Intereft therein for a valuable Confideration in ready Money, or to ex- change the fame for other Territories to our Satisfaction, 51. It is our Pleafure that the Exercife of all Power and Authority, vefted in the Chief and Faftors of Broach, be fufpended immediately upon the Arrival of our Com- mittee of Enquiry; which Sufpenfion muft continue till that Committee fliall return to their refpective Stations which they may hold under the Prefidency. 51. In fixing our Military Eftablifliment for your Prefidency in the former Part of this Letter, we have included every Command and Detachment for your Subordinate* j but fo long as Broach fliall be in our Poffefiion, and yield us an adequate Revenue, we permit you to keep a Garrifon in that Place, confifting of IQOO Men over and jibove the. Number fpecified in our faid Eftablifliment. APPENDIX, N 5? . Extraft of Bombay Consultations, tbe iltb January 1773. Seal of Futty Sung. Seal of the Honourable Company. Agreement let-ween William Andrew Price, Efyuire, Chief for Affairs of tbe Britijb Nation , in Behalf ef tbe Honourable Unittd Englijb Eafl-India Company, on the oni Part, and Futty Sing Guicaivar, on tbe other Part- THE Town of Broach, lately belonging to Mahazuz Cawn, Nabob, having been con- quered by the viftorious Arms of the Honourable Company, it is ftipulated and agreed, That every Thing fliail remain on the Footing it wns at the Time of the faid Conqueft j the Englifh and Futty Sung each receiving their Share of the Revenues, in the Proportions they then flood, both within the Town and Territory annexed thereto. In this there is not to be any Difference } ageeeable to the above, every Thing is to con- tinue. This is the Agreement, fealed by both Parties the 12th Dy of January 1773, or the iSih of Shcruvel in the i i86th Year of Hegira. 3 R i Ettiafl APPENDIX, N 53; Extract tf Bombay Confutations, tie "id Felt nary 1773. Read the Advices from Broach, with the Tranflate of the Agreement with Futty Sing, entered under the zSth January. This Agreement is fo loofely drawn up, fo very inconclufive, and fo liable in every fpeft to Objection, that we muft much difcommend their Conduct regarding it. any Difputes touching the Collection of the Revenues will probably arife, none ot hich have they endeavoured to guard againft j we muft however for the prefent acquielce refpeft M wh in it. APPENDIX, N 53. Extract of Bombay SfleS Consultations, the ijtb Stptemler 1773. AS the prefent Conjuncture, by the Affaflination of Narron Row, and the Acceflion of Ragoba to the Government of the Dominions of the Marattas, appears to us to be favourable for accomplishing the feveral Points propofed by our Honourable Matters, when they fixed a Rcfident at the Maratta Durbar j Mr. MoSyn muft therefore be di- xecled diligently to attend to every Circumftance that'fliall happen, which may appear likely to render the Accomplifhrnent of thefe Points lefs difficult, advifing us ac- cordingly : And as we deem his reusing at Poona, in the prefent critical Situation of the Affairs of the Marattas, immediately requiGte for promoting the Intereftof our Honourable 'Employers, he muft be pofitively ordered not to quit it, which, from his Letter before us, vre fear he intends doing ; for we know of no ill Conference that can refult to him, even ihould Poona be attacked by a foreign Power. ExtraH of a Letter from tie Prejident and Seuff Committee at Bombay to tie Court of Diretfors, dated the iztb January 1774. Par. a. By the Letters from your Refident at Poona, which are entered upon our Diary that we have now the Honour to tranfmit, you will be acquainted with the late Revolution there, and the prefent Pofture of the Affairs of the Marattas, fo far as we are advifcdoftbem. 3. On the Acceflion of Ragoba to the Government, whofe Situation feemed very pre- carious, we thought it probable that he might make fome Application for the Aflift- ance of the Company's Forces j and as this appeared a more favourable Conjuncture, for accomplifliing the feveral Points particularly wiflied for by you, than any other that may for a long Time happen, we gave fuitable Orders to your Refident on the Qccafion ; but Ragoba quitted Poona with his Army without opening himfelf on the Subject. 4. Notwithftanding the Rcfident has plainly hinted to the Durbar at cirlerent Times the Terms on which you were willing to acquire Pofieflion of the i'laces pointed out in your Commands, dated the ift April 1772, and has even given them to underftand, that we might be induced to part with Broach, provided fuitable Offers were tendered for it, they have made no Propofals on the Occafion ; and as the Acquifition of Salfette, &c. frcm the Marattas h.;s been the Object principally in view for many Years paft, without any Succefs, in every Negociation with them, we are induced to believe that it will ne- ver be obtained by that Means, more efpecially as it does not appear that the Durbar are fo defirous of obtaining Pofleflion of Rajabpore as you feem to under/land ; and with re- ipect to Fort Victoria, we believe they are perfectly indifferent about it ; fuch being the Cafe, and the Recent advifing us by a Letter entered in our Diary under the gth Ul- timo, that the Affairs of Ragoba wore a moft unfavourable Afpeft, and that his Death or Depofition was almoft certain, when our Treaties with the prefent Government may be deemed at an End j and as it was moft probable that on fuch an Event the whole Em- pire would be thrown into the greateft Confufion, as there would in all Probability be many Competitors for the fupreme Power ; he therefore fubmitted to us the Expediency of Pofleflion of thofe Places pointed cut by you by Force of Arms, in cafe of the , Death APPENDIX, N e 54,~S5. Death or Deposition of Ragoba : And having taken thefe Advice* i^(o out 019/1 feriou% Confideration under the loth and nth Ultimo, as your Honours will find by our Mi- rules of that Day, we unaninu/ufly determined, in cafe of the Evnt above mentioned^ to pofiefs ourfelves of thofe Places by Force, as a Meafure agreeable to your Inu^r, Gcufonant to your Wifties, -provided our particular Situation with rcff( Ra- goba; and hereby pofitiveiy prohibit you from a: tern- :.r;c th.u Meafure under and in other Branches of Expence in the Military Department j containing aifo his Remarks and Opinion upon the Plan propofed by the Prefident. 108. At the fame Time MeflV s. Sluw and Garden addrefied us a joint Letter, exprefl"- ing their entire Acquiefcence in the Prefident's gentral Idea, for a Reduction in ti-.e Numbers and Expence in the Military Department, but propofjng that it fliould extend flill further, fo as precifely to quadrate with your Honours exprels and reiterated Com- mands en this Head, of the 6th of April 17-0, which you had often ordered to be ih icily adhered to; a Copy of their Letter h enclofed in the Packet, under N- 1 73, and a Copy of that from the Brigadier General, under N 74. 109. We the fame Day took the Whole of this Subject into Confideration ; and after the moll mature Deliberation and Dilcuilion, and feveral Queftions being propofed, it was icfolved, in confequence of (he previous Queiiions being put, at the Defuc of Meflirs, Shaw and Garden, That your Commands of the 6ih April 1770, refpeting your Mili- ' tary Eftablifhment, fliould be carried into Execution as foon as polfible ; for it was urged, that the then Situation of Affairs with the Nabob of Broach, rendered it very impolitic to pitch upon that Period i".;r a Reduftion in the Number of your Forces; and it was therefore refolved, that the Reduction determined on fnoula not take Place till we might be able tojudge of the Pa.t the Nabob propofed to take j as the Brigadier General then gave it as his Opinion, that if the Forces firft were reduced, we fliould not have it iii our Power to obtain Satisfaction from the Nabob, fliould it be ucceSary or judged proper to undertake it. no. This Reafon has hitherto prevented ojr carrying our RefoIuUun to reduce your Forces into Execution j but your Honours may depend, that the Reduction dull take pla^e as foon as pollible after the Return of your Forces hither; and that we (hall erfevere in reducing every Branch of Expente in your Military department, as well by curtailing all unaeceilary Allowance as oiherwile, fo as to bring tLcm wiibia proper APPENDIX, I\ 55. in. But as the Majority of the Board were of Opinion, on the Queftion being pro- pofed at the Defire of the Brigadier General, that the Number of Troops eftabli/lieri by your Commands of the 6th April 1770, is inadequate to the Duty and Protection of this Prefidency and its Subordinates; we therefore beg leave to fubmit it to your Recon- sideration; and take Leave to refer you to our Minutes of Confutations under the 8th Tuly, for the Whole of our Proceedings on this Subjeft, and for the Opinion of MefTrs, Jihaw and Garden upon this laft Queftion 5 but the Abfence of the Commanding Officer, Superintendent, and Principal Engineer, prevents our frnding you a Statement of the Number of Men now really nectflary for the Detail of Du'y for this Place and its Subor- dinates, as it was our Intention to do, though your Honours may depend we {hall not tail to forward it by a future Opportunity. Extrafi cftbe Companfs General Letter to Bcmbay, dated nth A}>r\l 1775. Par. 25. On your Selel Confutations, we find the Garrifon propofed by One of the Members of the Committee of Defence for Bombay in Time of War, confifts of 14,776 Men, befides Inhabitants, Surgeons, Attendants in the Hofpita)*, &c. which he fays will render the whole Number equal to 20,000 : On which we remark, that our whole Force at Madras when befieged by the French was 1,7515 Europeans, including Horfe, Infantry, and Artillery, and 2,220 Sepoys, and alfo about 200 Horfe belonging to the Nabob, who were of no Ufe to us ; and if the Fortifications of Bombay have been extended fo far as to require the Number fet down in the Eftimate to man the Works, we have Reafon to lament that any new Works have been undertaken, being fully of Opinion, that if the eld Walls had been left as they ftood many Years ago, the Intereft of the Money, which has been funk in Fortifications fince that Time, would have main- tained Troops fufficient to have rendered the Place impregnable to the combined Forces of Indoftan, and to have fecured it from any Attack which the French were capable of making in that Quarter. i6. As the Ifhnd of Bombay is fmall, and the Places where Landing is practi- cable, few, and not diflant from the Town ; as the Disembarkation of Troops, Stores, and Artillery, is tedious, and the Advantage of frefli Troops, with Cannon, over Troops juft landed from a long Voyage without Cannon, muft be very confiderable ; and as a Retreat tinder the Guns of the Fort is at all Events practicable, we perfuade ourfelves that with a good Field Train, the Troops we have at Bombay will at all Times be able to prevent a regular Siege, unlefs a more formidable Enemy .Ihould land upon that Ifland, than we have Reafon to believe will ever be fent againft it. 27. So long as a Britifli Fleet remains in the Eaft Indies, we deem it impoffible for an Enemy, without a fuperior Marine Force, to prevent timely Succours fiom being thrown into Bombay, if fuch Meafure fliould become necefiary ; and fo long as we maintain our Superiority at Bengal and Madras, we fliall be able to provide thcfe Succours on the ftoneft Warning. 28. It is therefore our Order, That our Infantry at Bcmbay, Non-commmiflion Officers included, including alfo every Command and Detachment for the Subordi- nates, be forthwith reduced to 1,200 Europeans : That the Artillery Corps do confift of 312 Europeans and no more, Non-com- miflion Officers, Bombardiers, and Gunners included : That the Corps of Black Troops be reduced to 3,000 Sepoys : Thut a!) Black Forces (except the above 3,000 Sepoys), fuch as Topaflt?, Nairs, Tivk'S, or of any other Denomination, be difbanded : That no greater Number of European Commifiion Officers be appointed to the faid Black Troops than the Eftablifliment fliall of Necefiity require : Th"t all Officers who fhall become fupernumerary by this l, do continue to receive their P^y ; and that they fiicceed to < ommands as Vacancies /hall happen, according to Seniority in thdr reipeftive Corps : 1 ; , ; all European Non-commiflion Officers and private Men, over and above the faid Eftablifhment, be fent to Fort St. George, or Fort William, according to fuch Rcquifitions as fliall be made from thofs Settlements refpeitively, or from either of them, by our Orders. The APPENDIX, N 5J. The Military Force to be ftationed at Tellicherry is to confift of I One Serjeant, 12 Twelve European Centinels, 2 Two Matrofies, I One Tindal, 12 Twelve Lafcars, J i One Corporal, > To b? pofad at Durmapatam Ifland, 6 -Six Sepoyi, J 35 And the Military Force to be ftationed at Anjengo is to confift of i One Serjeant, iz^Twelve European or Sepoy Centinels 13 Par. 52. In fixing our Military Eftabli/hment for your Prefidcncy in the former Part of this Letter, we have included every Command and Detachment for your Subordinates; but fo long as Broach fliall be in our Pofleflion, and yield us an ade- quate Revenue, we permit you to keep a Garrifon in that Place, confiding of 1,000 Men, over and above the Number fpecified in our faid Eftablifhment. Extralt of Bombay General Confutations, the %otb June IJJ2. PRESENT, The Honourable William Hornby, Efquire, Prefident and Governor, The W Daniel Draper, Efcjune, David Wed^erburn, Benjamin jervis, John Watfon, Nathaniel Stackhoufe, Brice Fletcher, William Tayler, William Shaw, Robert Garden. To the W. Daniel Draper, Efquire, &c. Members of the Counc:!. ? fitter f m thf Pr Gentlemen, The Expence and annual Lofles of this Prefidency and its Sub- RiduclioTin the or . di . nate! become a Subjeft of the moft ferious Confequence. The Milirarv Fft,Ki'rt Difference againft our Honourable Employers, on Cbfe of the Y JV ,-fi Books . endin 8 7'. was no lef3 lhan R"Ps ^4,30^9 : It be- ons. a F mfiCa " boves therefore to carry into Execution ev.ry Means that can be devifed for decreafing the Charges, confident with the Safety and Defence of the Settlements, and the Nature of the Service. 1 have already laid before you a Plan for the R-duclion of the Marine, and as the Sea- fon is now arrived, I defire it may be taken into Confideratiot). I (hall now give you my Sentiments on fome other Branches of ctor Expences. The Honru> able Court of Director?, in the 68th and 6gth Paragraphs of their Com- mands of the 6th April 1770, are pleafed to direct, that the Infantry on this Eftabli/h- ment do confift of One Regiment, containing Two Battalions of Europeans and Two Bat- talions of Sepoys ; and that the Two Battalions of Europeans are to confift in the whole, of Commiffion, Non-commifiioned Officers, and Private, of 1,561 Men, exclufive of the Fielii Officers ; and the Two Battalions of S?poys, including Commiffioned and Non- commiflioned European and Black Officer?, of 2,042 Men. They were not pleafed in, thefe Commands to give any Directions regarding the Artillery, but in thofe of the iSth March 1768, they direft it ftall confift of Four Companies, making together 302 Men, including the Field and all other Officers. Thefe Numbers make 3,9^6 Men, erclufive of the General and Five Field Officers of Infantry, who, added to the above, make 3,91* Men. Our Eftabliftment on the I/land at Surat, Tellicherry, and Anjengo, confifts of 7,755 Men, Officers and Private, including 609 Tivees, and 31 Nairs at Telliiherry, APPENDIX, N55. and 544Top3tTes here and at Tellicherry and Anjengo, which together make 1,27 r The infantry, Sepo>, Artillery, and Lafcars, amount to 6,484. The Honourable Court of Directors, in their Commands of the i8th March, were pleafed to declare, that the Eftablifhment they then ordered was intended for garrifor.ing the Ifland and Subordinates; but it is, I bel'eve univerfally allowed not to be fufficienr. Our prefent Eftablifliment wants no more tl-an 71 of doubling the Number ordered by them, and the Number actually belonging to the '(land only being 5,410 Men, exceed* their Eftablifliment 1,498. I propofe therefore to your '?orfideration, whether a Regi- ment of Infantry, including the General and all the Field and other Officers, cmfifting *>f 1,772 Men, compofed of the Europeans, and theT that Sum, caufe it to amount to Rupees 50,247. o. 63. Monthly. The Eftabliflnrjerjr 1 p- ip- fc pro ides for all thofe Officers, Sec. and 1,736 Men more than that ordered b_. the Court of Di- retnrs, at the additional Expence of Rupees 7,240. 2. 54. per Month, it wiil reduce the prefent Eftablifliment to 2,07 Men, and decreafe the mo:ithl> Pay Rupees 19,661. 3. 81. many contingent Charges muft of courfe decreafe alfo. For jour fuller Information a Statement is annexed, particularizing the Eftabliftjmtnt as ordered by ihe Company. As >t now ftands, and as I propofe it fhould be, the annual Amount to the Eftabliftirr-tnt I pro- pofe, will be Rupees 6,89,852; from whence deducting 2,20,000, the Amount of the Pay and Allowances to the Garrifuns of Surat, Tellicherry, and Anjengo, as reduced by General Wedderbarn's Plan, the remaining Charge of Rupees 4,69,844, will fall on tV. Ifhnd only, and with Houfe-rtnt, Oil, and Peon Money, being Rupees 37,370 per Annum t will amount to Rupees 5,07,214, for the Pay and Allowances to 3,369 Officers and Pri- vate, included under the Head of Garrifon Charges. The Head of Garrifon Charges on Books 60/1 for 3,142 Men on the Ifland, in- cluding 381 Peons, and 162 invalids, amounted to no more thsr. Rs 3,03,049. 41. On Book 70/1, it amounted to R' 8,12,830. i. la. for ^,006 Men, inducing 386 Peons, and 347 Invalids. On Clofe of Books 73, provided my PK-.n is adopted, it may be ex- peeled net to exceed R s 5.60,000 for 4,102, allowing for 386 Peons, and 34.7 In- valids, in which Cafe the Difference in our Expences for 1771 and 1773, will be Rupees 2, 52,830 fer Annum ; and when it is confiJercd that the Dumber of Europeans, Sepoys, and Lafcars, is much greater than it was in the Year 1760; that ths Increafe of Pay to the Sepoys of every Denomination, and Addition of Europeans, and Augmenta- tion of Black Officers to that Corps, which took place in the Years 63 and 69, occafions the Expence of the Numbers now propofed to be maintained to exceed the Charge ths like Number would have been at till the Year 1763, the Sum of R= 70,^.82, fer Annum, together with the Ir.creafe occafioned by Officers of higi.er Rank, th^ Staff and addi- tfonal Pay to Commifiion Officers of every Rank, which amounts to upwards ofR' S8,oco fer Annum* together with the Allowance for HouTc-rent being double what it was in the Year 60/1, the Garrifon Charges far tne Year 7 . . } wi.l n.>l i-xcceJ pro.'ortionably) what they were in the Year 60/1. 1 have received certain Intelligence that the French have fent to Europe 3,000 of the Troops they had at Mauritius, and that they were at the Capt the 2Oth March laft on their Return, on Five iaree Ships. We need not lieiitate, therefore, at making our Re- ductions on account of the Reports we have heard, of theic having intended to tranfport that Force to India ; but t obviate any Objtfhon that rmy be made to dilbanding fo many ^tfciplini.'d Troops, I propofe that the Chief of Surat he directed to endeavour to induce the Nabob to take them into his Pay ur.der the lame Controul a& thofe in the Ser- vice of the Nabob of Arcot, in lieu of tbs Irregulars he now has, and if ne declines ac- cepting them, that they may be difcharged. The monthly Expence of the Fortifications runs very high ; I therefore propofe, that the Labourer* employed thereon, fliould bt re ! uced ;o ij or 1,500 Men, and, if poHib.e, to lower the Artificers and Labourers Pay under whdt ihev receive at prefent. 'l The APPENDIX, N $;. The Charje of the Storekeeper and his Afiiftants, the Engineer, PraUt,oner En- gineers, Surveyors, Cadetr, Overfeers, &c. amounts, as fer accompanying Accoonf. tri upwards i f Rupc-e 2,4000 fer Month. I conceive a large Reduction therefore may take place. I am of Opinion, the Engineer and Afiiftant Engineers, and Six C'adfts Oyir- feer*, ^re fuftident for' every Furpofe. The H'-ncurable Court ot Directors, in their Commands of the 4/h April I"";-, graph 85, objedt to 60 Rupees fer Month being allowed Captain Burr a Director of trie Lai orate ry, if it had not been ufualj faying, " l ; hey will not ad, nit of iu h Innova- tions." In thofe of thezjth March 1768, Para. 159, they direfl^that the. , SSoaw.SiSaieJJc'JjBES S ^h I I l I II II M I i I M M I l I II I I l l - tii I l I l i I 5- S 3 I I **%* k J .r i JTS^ I II 1 I I I II I I I I I T I I.I I II M I I I I ti I M I I I M I s 1 I I I II I M I to g J ! i'.i'-i 1 ' 5 I Scg i 1 1 1 m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 j 8 * H ii - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 "" lijll.l 1 1 1 1 1 1 I I I I leg I I I I I I I I I I S8?l II I I | I f - i i m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 w i -I i i 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i - 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ..iimiMii 1 1 u a I-I-M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 oS w - S <3 H c "II iitfsjijfiliff ' I M 33 3- i 1 I ! } I I 2. ] I I I I I * I I * I 1 'l I' I.I III- I * I I I I ] ->SO SO CO O "1 M * SO ** 1 10 Tj-oo c O \o > O c" M el v rl f 1 r-vo M I 1 I $3- i 8,1 1 1 M "" 1 1 1 M"! I I I I I III It Mr ii j ii n, - ; I I I i i ' i ' i^-i MMi .- 1 g :> .. S io, . " 2 ^ ' S B e w >a,oi "^ "f f I.|l3|| .f **^ O Ij W co O ""-il 2 eT Islff Us III H '* 1*1^ -?^ 1 ! 1 S2 1 1 i I ! | 1 j 1 1 I I W I 1 1 " 1 i 1 ... * JI^Sl s il A j 1 1 1 1 II vfl Q Q 1 O 1 ' 1 I i I 7o\5 v5 | io t^ 1 | I , i 1 1 1 =; i a J 1 rrinti > 01 3 tn 1 g |1 c|| g l| H jjr 1 1 5-sr J fl s M loo CR y cfl Aac 2 u h (g s *. 2 ** * 9?3 r 33 3'7 i 50 S'f-mber 3,000 Si? 3 November December 2 944 t. 67 2,640 2,673 i 33 30z ago 2 20 a 40 3 19 1772. January 2,572 277 * 4* February March 2,730 2 65 2 > 6 77 * 3S 28* III April -_ 2.611 i 23 270 3 *S 33 782 2 54 3.5^7 * 3 *7 3>5*7 3 17 Rs 37,370 i 71 An ABSTRACT of Allowances given to the following Gentlemen, employe* on the new Fonifications ; viz. for March 1772. j. Captain Lawrence Nilfon, afti Conveyance, PaUiJviiip a? Tr'ncipal Engineer, and Office Rent 70 . Sepov, f'om the Pay Office, at 5 Rs. ea. a D entered in Lift of Overfeers, Sec. Maflah, &c. SJiR'perDay r* 40 D 72 D Q 4 Pabnquecn Cooliss D j Summerheadboy D" . Captain Soaeth, Afliftant to the Engineer, His Allowance, at R. a per Day I Se--v,-,;it. at R .8 per Day I D, at R ; . 63 per Day i Summerheadboy, at R*. 54 per Day 3. Lieutenant James M'Nail, Afliftant to the Engineer and Draftfinan, at Rupees 4 per Day 4.. Lieutenant John Bellafs, Prai\itione r Engineer, His Allowance at Four Shillings per Day 49 2 40 4 Paianqueen Coolies 99 Rupees per Day 30 2 76 i Summerheaiibny 54 Ditto 4 Mr. Lampard, Practitioner Engineer, his Allowance, ai four Shill n?8 4 Coolies 99 Rupees per Day j Summerheadboy 63 Dir.o 84 9* APPENDIX, N 55. . Mr. Murray, Practitioner Engineer, his Allowance, at Four Shillings per Day 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 a 76 I Boy 4 _ 74 84 i c* 7. Mr. James Valentine, Practitioner Engineer, his Allowance Four Shillings per Day 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 76 I Boy _ 4 74 S. Mr. Wall, Practitioner Engineer, his Allowance 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 76 j Boy 4 74 9. Mr. Robert Nicholfon, Practitioner Engineer 49 2 40 4 Coolie* 30 2 76 , Boy 3 i 95 10. Mr. Wilkinfon, Praftitioner Engineer 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 76 i Boy - 4 3 S3 85 69 11. Mr. Royce, Practitioner Engineer > 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 76 i Boy 3 i 95 83 3 li 1Z. Mr. M'Cullock, Praftitioner Engineer 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 76 , Boy 3 * 95 13. Mr. Grahme, Practitioner Engineer 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 76 i Boy 3 i 95 14, Mr. Williamfon, Praftitioner Engineer 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 a 76 i Boy 3 i 95 15. Mr. Bloxam, Practitioner Engineer 49 2 40 4 Coolies 30 2 40 i B y s 1 95 16, Mr. Tambier, Practitioner Engineer 49 2 40 i Boy 3 i 95 Mr. William Bedford, Overfeer, his Allowance at Two Shillings per Day . l Boy - - Mr. Alexander Maxwell Richardfon, Overfeer I Boy Mr. Touthcote, Overfeer } Boy - - Mr. Brown, Overfetr I Boy APPENDIX, N 55. , Mr. James Smith, Overfeer . 24 3 20 i Boy _ 4 74 6. Mr. Geo. Louther, Overfeer __ 24 3 2O 7. Mr. James Bullock, Overfeer 24 3 20 2. Mr. Tartarious, Overfeer Z4 , 2 o i Boy - _ - 4-74 . 28 3 94 9. Mr. Tchoop, Overfeer 24 * 20 i Boy _ _ - 3 195 TO. Mr. George Thomas, Overfeer 24 3 20 11. Mr. Duffen 24 3 20 i Boy _ _ 3 ! 95 28 i 15 12. Mr. Richard Noyce, Overfeer 24 3 20 1 B y - - 3 1 95 13. Mr. Dennoon, Overfeer 24 3 20 i Boy _ _ 3 i 95 Major Dagon, S'.irveyor, his Allowance, at 2 Rupees per Day Major Burr, Ditto Mr. Black, Sub-furveyor i Boy Mr. Turner, Sub-furveyor I Boy - - Mr. Torriana, Sub-furveyor, I Boy - Mr. Hollamby, Sub-furveyor 31 1 B y 3 * 95 Mr. Malet, Accomptar.t to the Committee 31 Mr. Page, Storekeeper, his Allowance, and his Afiiftants, Purvoes, Sepoys, &c. as per his Uft " r ' *55 44 _ Rupees 2,428 - 62 Extract of Bombay General Confutations, tit %tb July 177*. Wedderturn, B.C. David, Let- The Brigadier General lays before the Board a Let- ter from, on the Subjeft of the ter as entered hereafter, pointing out the Increafe of Military Expenre?, and con- the Expences of the Military Eftr.bliftiment at different taming his Remarks (n the Periods, a ad containing his Remarks and Sentiments Plan propofedbj the Piefident, on the Plan laid before us by the Prefident in our for reducing them. laft Confutation, RSP. V. 3 T Meflrs. APPENDIX, Shaw, Efquire, William, and Garden, Efquire, Robert, joint Letter from, propofing the Re- dudYion of the Military be made exaUy agreeable to the Eftablifhment ordered by the Honourable Company. Committee of Surveys, Letter from, propofing ftindry Reduc- tions in the Expences of the new Fortifications. Millitary. The Reduction of it confidered, and Queftien put on the Occa- fion, by the Defire of MeffieUrs Shaw and Garden. Wedderburn, B. G. David, propofing a Queftion refpefting the Reduction of the Military. The Majority of the Board of Opinion the Eftabli/hment or- dered by the Company infuffi- cient. Meffrs. Shaw and Garden of Opinion the Company's Com- mands, refpeting the Military Eftablifhmem, fhould be ftiift- ly adhersd to. Military. Further Reafons for not im- pjediaUly reducing it. Meflrs. Shaw and Garden at the fame Time laid be- fore us a Letter, expreffing their entire Acquiefcence ia the Present's general Idea for a Reduction in the Mi- litary Eftablifliment at prefent kept up j but propofing alfo that the Redufticn (hall extend farther than the Prefident's Plan, fo that the Eftabliftiment may precifely quadrate with thf Honourable Company's expreis Com- mands on this Head of the 6th April 1770, which they have frequently direfted, (hall be ftriftfy adhered to. Their Letter follows this Confultation. The Committee of Surveys lays before the Board a Letter which relates to the new Work?, and inclofing one from the afting Engineer, propofing the Reduction of fundry Black Officers and Overfeers at prefent em- ployed thereon ; pointing out likewife the Number of Practitioner Engineers, &c. neceflavy in his Opinion to be retained to enable him to carry on the Works j both which Letters are entered hereafter. The Board then proceed to confider the Prefident's Letter and Plan for the Military Eftablifhment, as alfo the Letters above mentioned ; when a Debate arifing on the Reduction in the Military Department, Mtffis. Shaw and Garden defired the following Queftion might be put : Whether the Honourable Company's reiterated Commands refpefting their Military Eftahlifhment of the 6th April 1770, ought not to be carried into Execution as foon as poflible ? Which is refolved in the Affirma- tive. The Brigadier Genera! then defued the Board would give their Opinion on the following Queftion : Q^ Whether the Number of Troops eftabliftied by the Honourable Company in their Commands of the 6th April 1770, confifting of 3,912 Men, is fufficient for the Duty and Protection of this Place and its Subordinates J The foregoing Queftion being put, after mature Deli- beration the Majority are of Opinion, that from the Re- prefentations from the different Commanding Officers, that the Honourable Company's lad Military Eftablifh- ment, of the 6th April 1770, is inadequate to the Duty and Protection of this Piefidency and its Subordinates. Meffrs. Shaw and Garden declare, that they are not competent Judge's upon this Queftion ; but as the Gentle- men the Honourable Company mention they confulted upon the Occafion are of allowed military Abilities, and as the Commanding Officers upon the Spot, who have the Benefit of local Information, differ from thofe Gentle- men, they think it ought to be ftated to the Honourable Company for their Determ nation, but that until their further Directions on this Head may be received, their prefent Cornmands oughr ftricHy to be adher< d t j. It being urged to the Board, that the prefent Situation cf Affairs with the Broach Nabob, was fuch as rendered any Reduction at prefent taking place very impolitic, as the Nabob did not appear to have ibfolutely yet deter- mined whether he fhould fly off" from, or adhere tp the Treaty he entered into the 3oth November laft j whereas if he found we were di/linuing, any Par; of our Forces, he would certainly not mike good the Firft Pay. meut of Two Lacks of Rupees, concluding that v APPENDIX, N* 55, no Intention of obliging him to do it by Force, the Terror of which only may induce him to comply ; and the Hre- fident being ?fked, Whether he has yet received an An- fver to the Letter he wrote the Nabob ? acquaints us that he has r.ct, though the Time in which an Anfwer might havs been received, ii Jong clapfed. The following Queflion is therefore defired to be piK en the Occafion : Whether, in confideration of our prcfent Situation with the Nabob of Broach, it is co.iTiltent with the Honourable Company's real Intereft, that the Reduction refolved on fhall immediately take place, or that we fhall wait till by the Nabob's Anfwer we can ccme to a conclufive Determina- tion on the Meafures neceffary to be pnrfued ? Refolved, That the Reduction in the Number of the Military on th ; s Eftablifhcient, be not carried into Exe- cution, till by t.';e Broach Nabob's Anfwer to the Prefi- dent's Letter, we may be able finally to determine on the Meafures to be purfued with him, as the Brigadier General delivers it as his Opinion, that if the Force* now on Foot are reduced, we ftall not have fufficient Number to obtain Satisfaction for the Insults the Nabob has been guilty of, if the Board fhould hereafter rcfolve to attempt it. The General then acquainted the Board, that the Bat- talions of Sepoys want about 140 Mtn of being com- plete, and defired its Directions whether Jhe was to con- tinue to inlift. Refolved and ordered, That no more Men be inlilted for the Sepoy Corps till further Directions. On confederation of thofe Parts of the Letter before us which relate to the new Works, the following Refolu- tions are taken, and Directions given : As One AffUrant and One Sub-enjineer are tbfent, to atquiefce in Four Practitioner En^iiv-eri being continued, with a pay of 4Shillirgs per Diem each, whicii ij to be in full Confideration of their adding in thh Capa- city j and the Allowances hitherto made for Palanquee/i Coolies and Somerade Men, muft be immediately dif- continued. The Four Gentlemen, the acting Engineer recommends as-inoft ufeful for this Employ, are now ap- pointed, and we acauielce in iz Cadets being allowed to adt as Engineers, with an Allowance ot Two Shillings fer Diem on this Account, as the aftinj Engineer men- tions it as neceffary ; hut no more than this Number muft on any account be retained ; and the Pay and Al- lowances of all the Praftitioner Engineers and Cadets hitherto employed above the Number new ItCticJ, muft immediately ceafe. We approve the Reduction propofed by the afting Engineer in his Letter, of fundry Black Overfeers, Sub- neffes, and Officers of Labourers, and direct that it imme- diately take place ; fo abb muft the fnuli Reduction he propo'fss in the Pay of the Peopkj which muft extend iikewife to every other Office. From henceforward -there are to be onlv One Sur- veyor, and Three Sub-furvevors, under the C ommittee of Surveys ; a,nd the Prefident appoints Major Burr, Sur- veyor, as the Senior Officer. 3 T a Obferving Ko mere Rec-u : .t> to be raifed for the SeoYj. Nsw Fortifications. The Number of Practitioner Engineers, and their Pay> ra. duccd. SurtJry black Overfeets, Arc. reduced to the Pay of the Wo.-kmen. Only One Suryeyor and Three Sub furveyors to be employed in future. APPENDIX, N 55, The Number of People em- ployed under the Storekeeper remarked. The Works to be carried on with as much Expedition as poflible. New Fortifications* Propofals to be received for making Mafonry, &-c. by Con- met. Land Paymafter to prepare an .Eftimate of the Expencc of making Sewers. Letter from the B. General, floating the Expences of the Military Eftablilhment at cer- tain Periods, and analizing the Prefident's propofed Mili- tary Eftablifliment, Obferving a confiderable monthly Expence charged in the new Fortification Paymafier's Bifburfements, for a Number of People under the Storekeeper of the Fortifica- tions, which we are of Opinion will admit of great Re- duction ; Ordered, That the Committee of Surveys make due Enquiry, and report their Opinion of the Reduction which may be made. As our Honourable Employers firft directed the exten- five Fortifications carrying on to be eretted, and as they are now in great Forwardnefs, we are of Opinion it be- hoves us to caufe them to be completed with as much Expedition as the State of our Treafury will permit, in order that they may, as foon as poflible, be eafed of the heavy Expence attendant on carrying them on j It i therefore agreed, That a Number of Men be employed, not to exceed 3,563, including Officers, Overfeers, Artifi- cers, and Labourers of every Sort, Sex, and Denomina- tion ; which Number the acting Engineer reprefents as neceflary to carry on the Works effectually. The Committee of Surveys muft frame a Publication, in order that it may be laid before us, for Propofals to be received for contracting for the Mafonry of new Works, for digging the Ditches, and for cutting of Stone. An Eftimate of the Expence of making deep arched Sewers for carrying away the Filth of the Town, muft be made by the Land Paymafter, and laid before us. Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, In order to give you every Light in my Power upon the very important Subject of the Honourable the Prefident's Letter of the 3Otti June, I have the Honour to lay be- fore you fome Statements, (hewing the Progreff, and the different Changes that have been made on the military Eftablifhment at this Prelidency, and feparately dating many of the moft confiderable Art cles of your Military Expences ; that feeing where the Increafe is, you may be able to judge where the Reform may moft properly and efficacioufly be made. To reduce the Numbers is the moft eafy and the moft obvious Way of reducing the Ex- pence, but it does by no means appear to me that it is the moft advantageous for our Honourable Employers : Circumftanced as the Honourable Eaft India Company is at prefent, it appears to me that it is their Intereft, and that it ought to be the conftant Study and Endeavour of their Servants at all their Settlements, to keep up a re- fpectable and efficient Military Force at th leaft pofiibte Expence Your Honour, &c. will obferve I have taken the State of the Troops from the Year 1750, as that is the loweft and the leaft expenfive Eflablifhment for thefe Twenty Years paft. In the Year 1750-51, the Amount of the Garrifon and Hofpjtal Charges for the Prefidencv alune, is Rupees 2,43, 55T, and the total Number of the Troops, including Officers and Non-commiffioned Officers, is Europeans, ... Sepoys and Topafles, The APPENDIX, N 55. The Number of European Officers at the Prefidency in Auguft 1750, is no more than 15. At this Period the Pay of the Sepoys was as follow : Subedar, - Rupees ao * Month. Jemedar, 13 D. Havildar, Naique, Sepoy, Topafs, In 1753 the Garrifon and Hofpital Charges at the Prefidency encreafe above the Charges of 1751, Rupees 82,437. The Europeans, including Officers and Non-commiffioned Officers, are 823 Sepoys and Topafles, 1,871 4 a 20 4 -- 4 The Number of European Officers at the Prefidency 35. The Increafc of the Num- bers above 1750, is Artillery 46 Infantry 374 Topafles 224 Sepoys 70 7*4 At this Period, the Pay of the Topafles is raifed to Rupees, 5 ptr Month. In 1757 the Garrifon and Hofpital Charges are encreafed above the Year 1753, Ru- pees 39,234; this Increafe is not difficult to be accounted for: The Numbers are in- creafed this Year Artillery 42 Infantry I2Z Sepoys 224 Houfe Rent is this Year allowed to the Officers, Half what is now allowed to the Captains and Subalterns. The European Officers at the Prefidency thh Year are 51 j the Nonicommifiioned Officers of the Europeans, and the Officers and Non-commiflioned Officers of the Sepoys are increafed this Year. In 1760 the Garrifon and Hofpital Charges are, Rupees 64,211 lefs at the Prefidency than they were in 1757 j but the Troops are decreafed likewiic. Artillery, Infantry, Topafles, Sepoy., - 97 - 382 as 205 949 The Officers at the Prefidency are fewer than they were in 1757! 15. But it is worthy the Attention of this Honourable Bfcrd, that though the Number of Officers be decreafed 15, and the Non-commiflTioned Officers and Private Wen 934 j yet the Military Paymafter's Charges in Jeveral Articles were confuiirably higher than they were in 1757. The Decreafe of Rupees 64,211 is about the Amount of the nett Pay and Allowances of the Officers, Non-commiflioned Officers, and Private Meo, de- creafed in 1760. Incrtafe. 21,034 1757- 1760. Provifions at the Out Forts 56,368 77.402 Stationary 746 1,899 Candies 2,104 6,243 Military Storekeeper 3 5.87 i ; i : i j t Hofp ital Stores 10*715 4-039 36,064 994 TL- A P P E N D I-X> N 5,-. The Pay of the Topafies and Sepoys was increafed This Year j S'ubedar Rs, 5 -- Per Month, I Jemedar 3 i I Havaldar I a 50 I Naique i 55 i Sepoy 3 20 i Topafs i -- The Caff* received by the Military Paymaster in 1760, is more than the Cafli received by him ia 1757. Rupees 119,864. In 1761, the Gmifon and Hofpital Charges increafed above the former Year 16,906 Rupees, but the i ruopsincreafe. Artilltry 71 Jnfantry 58 Sepojs 510 This Year the Topafies are lefs than the former Year, 213. The Eftaclifhment is for the firftTime fettled at Two Companies of Artillery, One Bat- talion of Infantry, and One Battalion of Sepoys, and confined of Europeans, Ofikeis and Non-comrniffioned Officers included, 757 Sepoys and Topafies 1,739 2,476 The European Officers at the Prefidency this Year were 48. In 1762, the Garrifon and Hofpital Tha-ges increafe Rupees 42,258, the Europeans increale 130, and the Topafles 101. The European Officers at the Prefidency are 64. Jn 1763, the Infantry increafcs at the Prefjdency 202, the Artillery decreafes 126, the Topatfes 141, Sepoys 107. The Garrifon and Hofpital Charges at the Prefidency increafe this Year Rupees 31,957. Ifi 1/64, at the Prefidency the Europeans increafe 273, the Topaffes 13, the Sepoys '506. The Garrifon and Hofpital Charges increase more than the preceding Year> Rupees 32;2ai. This Year the Pay of the Naiques of the Sepoys was raifed to Ru- pees 6. 2. 75. per Month, and of a Sepoy to Rupees 5. 3. 20, ptr Month. In 1765 the Europeans at the Prefidency decrcafe 316, the Sepoys 414 ; yet the Gar- rifon and Hofpital Charges increafe this Year Rupees 29,171: The Hofpital Charges increafe Rupees 3, 223 'more than the preceding Year. In this Year there are 80 European Officers oa tne Eftablifhment. In 1766, the Garrifon and Hofpital Charges decreafe at the Prefidency Rupee* In 1767, the Garrifon and Hofpital Charges at the Prefsdency increafe above the preceding Year Rupees 46,095 ; the .Houfe Kent, Oil, and Peon Money, amounts this Year to Rupees 4,412. This-Ycar the Sepoys Pay is railed to Rupees 6 per Month. In 1763, the Europeans decreafe 170, the Topaffes 36; the Sepoys ars augmented 776. The Eftabiifhment is ordered by the Honourable the Dirii^-rs under the iSth March 1768, received here the 29th July following, to confiil of Nine Field Officers, One Battalion of Artillery, Three Battalions or" Infantry, and Two Battalions of Sepoys ; in all, 134 European Officers. This Eftabliftment could not be completed till 1769, The Europeans at the Prefi- dency were then decrpafed 69. The Topafies were increafed 4, and the Sepoys 600 more than 1767. The Garrifon and Hofpital Charges of this Year exceed thofe of that Year Rupees 87,906. Koufe Rent, Oil, and Peon Money, amounts this Year to Rupees 12,919 ; the additional Pay allowed to the Officers, to Rupees 17,861. The Pay of the Topafs APPENDIX, N 55. Trpaf? Fifrs anc Drums was incrr?fed in September 1768 to Rupees 7 per Month. la June following, liouie Reot was allowed to Field Officers, at the Pate of Rupees So fa- Month. Captains 40 Subalternt to A Third Battalion of Sepoys was raifed; Four European Subalterns were ported to each Battalion of Sepoys, inftead of Two (as before) ; and an additional Enfign was ap- pointed to each Company of Infantry in October. In May the Piy of the Subedars wat augmented to Rupees 54. i. 60. per Month. In 1770, the Europeans at the Prefidency are increafed 446, and the Sepoys 1,31 j mure than in the preceding Year ; the Topaffes decreafe 19. From O&ober 1769 to the latter End of May 1770, the Europeans and a Battalion of Sepovs were in Camp. Jn March 1770, the Sepoys were formed into Four Battalions. The Garrifon and Hofpi- tal Charges of the Prefidency are increafed Rupees 2,07,790 more than in 1769. in September and October the Eftablifliment was altered, by Order of the Honourable Court of Directors, unJer the 6th April 1770, to a Battalion of Artillery, Two of In- fantry, and Two of Sepoys : Ten Subaltern Officers, Ten Serjeants, and an European Adjutant, were appointed to each of the Four Battalions of Sepoys. In October an Allowance was made, by Order of this Honourable Board, of 10 Shillings ftr Day to each of the Field Officers, in lieu of Companies. In this Year, Houfe Rent, Oil, and Peon Money, increafes Rupees 14,8*4 more than the preceding Year. In 1771, the Garrifon and Hofpital Charges increafe .Rupees 163,266. The Eu- ropeans increafe 172, and TopafTes 575 the Sepoys decreafe 369. To account for which Increafe in the Charges, the Alterations mentioned above, fince July 1770, muft be taken in, together with the Increafes of Houfe Rent, Oil, and Peon Money, Rupees 9,077 more than the preceding Year. The Charge for Peons is this Year confiderably increafed, from 1,647 Rupees fir Month to 2,095. I was much furprifed to find the Charge for Peons fttll under the Head of Garrifon Charges ; as your Honour?, &c. were pleafed to direct fi>me Time ago, that this Charge fhould, at Surat and Tellicherry, not be included under Garrifon Charges, but be defrayed By the Land Paymzfter. The fame Orders here will cafe the Milha-y Eftablifhment of about Rupees 25,000 fer Annum, which in Truth belongs not to it. I will not take rp your Honour, &c.' Time, by a Detail of the Progrefs of the Militaiy Charges at the Subordinates, as your Orders of 1771, and fotne late Regu- lation?, will probally prevent any Increafe of them in future, which may not eafily be accounted for. I fliall now proceed to the Confideration of the Honourable the Pr^fident's Letter, and his Plan for the Reduction of rhe Military Expenres. It gives me feme Satisfac- tion to reflect, that the Letters which I have had the Honour to lay before this Board, and which ftand upon your Records, will bear Witnefs for me, that ever fince I have teen here, I have endeavoured to retrench every Thing that appeared an unnecefltry Article of Expence in that Part of the Military Department which was at all under my Direction. The Increafe of Officers and Europeans, the Increafe of Pay and Allow- ances ordered by the Honourable Court of Directors and this Board, with the Increafe of the Numbers and Pay of the Black. Troops, I believe accounts pretty nearly for the Increafe of Expence under the Heads of Pay and Allowances. The great Increafe unt'er the Heads of Hofpital Charges and Hofpital Storef, his already been laid before thi Board by the Hofpital Committee, and feparately in a Letter form me under the 21 ft April; but I am afraid the Meafures taken thereupon by your Honour, Sec. will not be found to anfwer the End of reducing them as low as can be done. The large In- creafcs in many other Articles on the Military Paymaster's Books, both here and at the Subordinates, can be accounted for, I fuppofe, by ths Gentlemen who hold now, or who have held the Offices of Military Storekeeper, or Milita-y Paymafter. The Honourable the Prefident did me the Honour to fliew me a Draught of thi Letter fome Days before laft Council Day ; and I took the Liberty to fabmit to his Con- fideration fome Obfervations that occurred to me on readiqg it. I fuppofe, the fame Reafoni which induced this Board, notwithstanding the Orders of 3 the APPENDIX, N 8 55. the Honourable Court of Directors of March 1768, to increafe the Eftabliihment, by" ordering a Third Battalion of Sepoys to be raifed, fubfift ftill : And, in my bumble Opinion, the Reafons for keeping up Three Battalions of Sepoys for the Service of the Prefidency only, as fet forth in a Letter from me, under the jth October 1770, and in a Minute of Confutation under the 26th of the fame Month, are ftill in full Force. The following Analyfis of the Honourable Prefident's Eftablifliment, which I had the Honour to lay before him, will enable this Board to decide whether it be adequate to the Services required from it or not. From - 5>*>39 the propofed Eflabliflunent, Take 1,076 for Surat 1,018 for Tellicherry 117 for Anjengo. There will remain 3,361 for the Service of the Ifland, the Cruizers, &c. From 3361 take, at 600 Men a Day for the Guards of the Ifland, at only Three Re- liefs 1, 800 Cruizers - - 500 Recruits - - 100 Seik - 200 For Perfia, Scindy, and other Services aoo Officers, Non-commiflioned Officers, Drummers, Bhaldars, Watermen, . Subnefles, &c, - 3.845 Remains as above ^ ",';. 3>36i 484 deficient in the propofed Plan. Th e Minute of Confultation under the 26th October 1770, which I had the Honour to point out to the Prefident, is in thefe Words, " We entirely concur with the General, " that the Number of Sepoys ordered by our Honourable Matters, is by no Means fuffi- ? cient for the Eflablifhmert; on the contrary, it appears evident, that the Security of '* the Ifland alone requires Three Battalions; and fhould the new Arrangements which '* he propofes in the Garrifons of Surat and Tellicherry take place, a Fourth Battalion, f( will be abfolutely neceffary." Refolved therefore, &c. The Members now at the Board, who were prefent at this Confultation, are the Honourable the Prefident, MeCVs. Tervis, Watfon, Stackhoufe, Fletcher, and Tayler. The Arrangement that I propofed in 1770 has actually taken place, and employs One Battalion of regular difciplined Sepoys inftead of the Irregulars that have been difcharged, a Reduction therefore, nearly equal to that of a Battalion, has taksn place fmce I have been here. / The Honourable the Prefident has not teen pleafed to aflign the Reafons why his Opinion of the Number of Troops indifpenfably neceflary for the Duty of this Ifland and the Subordinates, is now fo widely different from what it was in October 1770, or in September 1769 ; he fays, " That he has received certain Intelligence, tfiat the French have fent to Europe 3,000 of the Troops they had at the Mauritius and that we need " not heiitate to make our Reduction on account of the Reports we have heard of their " intending to tranfport that Force to India." This Argument would be conclusive for a Reduction, if any Augmentation on the Intelligence of the French having fern out a Force to the Mauritius, but on the contrary, at that Time the Fftabliihmert was actually lower in Numbers than it was in the Two or Three preceding Years. The Eftablifliment of 1770, with the Reafons of this Board for keeping up a much larger Number of Troops than were ordered by the Honourable Court of Directors in their Commands of the 6th April 1770, were fubmitted to their Confideration in 1770, by the Ships Greenwich and Admiral Pococlt, and their Directions upon, them may now be daily expected. This alone, without any other onfideration, would induce me to be of Opinion, that any Reduction of the Troops friQuld be pcftponed till their Orders arrive, I muft fuppofe, the Governor and Council, Jr Oflober 1776 very deliberately weighed and confidered their Sifnation", and the Ser* vices required of the Troop?, and were perfecily convinced <>f the indifpcnfable Necemty of the Numbers they ordered to he kept up, before they ventured to deviate f<> very widely from the pofnive Commands of their Honourable .Matter" of the 6th April 1770, refpeit- ing their military Eftablifhment. For my own Part, I avow the Opinion I gave in Ofto- ber 1770, I have reconfidered it with much Attention, and with the Advantage of being better acquainted than I was at that Time with the Duty to be done, and the Service required of the Troops, and I d^ not hefitate to fay, That J fee m> one Keafon to alter it. I mould have been p'ad that the Honourable the PrefiHent, in Juftification of this Board, for having deviated in Oftober 1770 (o widely from their Honourable Matters Orders of the 6th April 1770; and for havinyfo long continued fo heavy, and (as he feems to think) fo unnecefiary an Expence as their prefcnt military Eftablifhment, would have been pleated to point oat any one Alteration in the Situation of the Honourable Company's Affairs here or at the Subordinates, that evinces that a fmaller military Eftablifiiment is neceflary now than was in 17:0* It appears by the Returns, that the Total Numbers of the Eftablifhment for the Prefi- dency and the Subordinates in 1769, were 7,813 ; of 1770, 8,4745 and in 1771 it was reduced to 7,154. By the late Colonel Pernble's Letter of the sift March 1769, it appears that it is his Opinion, " That a Body of Sepoys, not inferior to 3,000 Men, will be at all Times ne- " ceflary for the Service of this Garrifon only; but ftiould we at any Time be engaged in " a War, a far greater Number will no Doubt become necelTary." In a Letter under the zSth September 1769, he gives further Reafons for augmenting the Corps of Sepoys to 3,000 Men for the Service of this Garrifon only, and recommends it in very flrong Terms. The Minute of Confultation under the 2gth September, on that Letter, i* " Read a Letter, as entered hereafter, from Colonel Femble, which being maturely confi- " dered, the following Refolutions are taken thereon : " Notwithftanding we could wifli in the pretent Scarcity of Money, to dimini/h In- " ftead of encreafing our Expences, yet as, for the Reafons atligned by the Colonel, it " appears indifpenfably proper to keep upon the Ifl.\nd the full Number of Sepoys which, f .' he recommends, &c," At this Confultation there were prefent of the Members of Council now at the Board, the Honourable the Prefjdent, Mellrs. Jervis, Stackhoufe, and Fletcher. I cannot perfuadc myfelf that the Difgraces the Honourable Company's Arms fuffered on the Malabar Coaft, and the being foiled in our late Attempt to take Broach, have raifed our military Character in the Eyes of our Neighbours; I have heard that the Country Powers in general, and the Marattas in particular, have loft the high Opinion which they once entertained of the irrefiftible Force of Brit'fli Arms, to which, more than to the Numbers, the Honourable Company owe their valuable Acquifitions in In- dia. Of this the Behaviour of the Marattas laft Year at Surat, and the daring Violation of Treaty in the Nabob of Broach, are, in my humble Opinion, ftrong Proofs : Bu: if the Honourable the Prefident, \vho, from his Correfpondence with the Country Govern- ments, muft know better than any Body, will fay, that he knows the military Character of the Britifh Nation is more rtfyeclable, and in higher Efttmation wuh the Powers of Indoftan now, than it was Four, Five, or Ten Years ago; I lhall think i: one very good Reafon for an immediate and considerable Reduction of the military Eftabliftrnent; but if the Reverfe mall appear on Enquiry to be true, you will find by Experience that a Diminution of that Opinion muil be made up by an Bncrcale of Numbers, and an Im- provement of Difcipline. As to the Honourable the Proficient's Propofal?, that the Chief of Surat be directed to endeavour to prevail on the Nabob to take the Sepoys you may think proper to reduce into his Hay, under the fame Contruul as thofe in the Service of the Nabob of Arcot, in lieu of the Irregulars he now has j the Argument already ufed sgainft a Diminution of your military Force, apply equally firong againft this Propofal , but fuppofing you (hould refolve to reduce One entire Battalion of Sepoys, the Negotiation with the Nabob of S- rat, and the Settlements of the Conditions upon which this Body of Troops is to enter his Service, appears to me replete with Difficulties. The Sepoys, accuftomed to regular monthly Payments here, will ill brook an Arrear of Seven or Eight Months in every Twelve, which I believe is the Mode of Payment in the Mogul Governments ; they will mutiny or they will defert; at Madras I believe the Governor and Council ftind Guaran- tees for the Payment of the Seprtys in the Nabob's Service that were put into it by them ; certain Diftridls or certain Revenues are appropriated for thij Purpofe, which are, the Rcr.V. j U APPENDIX, N 9 j 3 -. Sepoys, under their Contraul. Can fuch an Appropri?t : on be mane at Surat ? Will tfrc Nabob be induced by any Means to confent to it ? V/iil he difmifs the Officers and Se- poys, who being paid by him, depend upon him only, and are attached to him ? Will hey in their room, take Sepoys, who being paid by you, depend upon the Company, and are attached to them ? ,Can his Revenues afford this Charge ? Will difciplined Sepoys pre- ferve their Discipline, and do their different Duties that the Nabob's Sepoys are now tm- ploied upon ? But fuppofing all thefe Difficulties foKed, is the Nabob of Surat at all in fimilarCircumftances with the Nabob of Arcot ? The Nabob of Surat's Troops were re- duced to barely what feerned necefTary for his perfonal Security and the Police of the Town, in the Chiefftiip of Mr. Hodge*. 1 believe the Nabob of Arcot is able to fuppon a confiHerable Army. Can your Sepoys fent to Surat be of any Ufe to the Prefidency ? Can ycu remote them from hence and employ them elfewhere, without endangering the Safety or the good Government of the Town? But there feems to me One Difficulty ftill : Have the Governor and Council Power to permit British Officers and Non-com- millioned Officers to enter into the Service of the Nabob of Surat, without the previous Confent of the Honourable Company ? If upon Trial it fbould be found impracticable to perfuade the Nabob of Sur^t to take what may deemed the Supernumerary Sepoys into his Service, I know nothing elfe that can be done with them but to take the Officers, and Non-cormniffioned Officers and Private Men out of the Four Battalions that are the mod advanced in Years, and the leaft fit for alive Service, and to difcharge them; but it would be incompatible with Juftice and Humanity to fend away People to ftarve, who had devoted the beft Part of their Lives to the Company's Service, or had diftinguifh- ej themfelves in it. I fliculd therefore fuppofe that y ur Honour, &c. would think it right to give them Penfions equal perhaps to Half their prelent Pay ; this will amount to about 3,000 Rupees per Month, allowing that they fhould not all be entitled to Penfions. Add to this the Pay and Allowances of the European Officers, and the Pay of the European Serjeants, which, by the Honourable the Prefident's Plan, are to be re- duced, but whofe Pay and Allowances muft be continued to them, at leaft till the Ho- nourable Company's Pleafure be known concerning them, which amounts to Ru- pees 1,10,363. i. 12. The Honourable the Prefident's Plan for the Reduction of the Sepoys will only be a Saving of about 31,027 Rupees per Annum to the Honourable Com- pany ; the Sepoys that are kept up will be much worle, and they will be deprived of the Service af One complete Battalion* That the Sepoys will be much worfe be the Reduction which the Honourable the Prefi- dent propofes, by the European Officers and Non-commifficned Officers in each Battalion, I believe, upon the Authority of Lord Clive, General Lawrence, General Coote, General Caillaud, General Carnac, and Colonel Pemble, Officers who had coniummate Expe- rience of thefe Troops, and who performed much good Service to the Honourable Com- pany with them. But the Orders of the 6th April 1770, are fo precife and pofitive re- JpeUng the Appointment of European Officers and Non-commiffioned Officers to each Battalion of Sepoys, that though Exigencies of the Service might juftify, and even render praife-worthy, a Deviation from our Honourable Matters Commands in point of Num- bers ; yet I could not venture, for my own Part, to alter an Eftablifhment which had re- ceived the Sanction of the Approval and Recommendation of thefe Officers. Befides, I muft again afk, why were thefe Officers appointed in 1770 ? or, why are they lels necef- fary now than they were then ? Some Time ?go 1 propoied to this Honourable Board, that Four Subneffes ptr Batta- lion fliould be difcharge-d, becaufe I thought a Head Subnefs and Five others fufficient for the Bufineli of One Battalion; but i cannot concur with the Honourable the Prefi- dent in thinking One Head Subnefs and Three others fufficieut, unlefs a better Sort of 1'urvoes or Portugueze be employed, to whom you muft of courfe give an advanced Pay. The Reduction of Two Watermen per Battalion, which the Honourable the Prefident propoler, is fo very inconfiderable, that I fhould hardly have troubled your Honour, &c. with a Remark upon it ; but when Sepoys are fent upon Service, Two Watermen per Company are as few as ought to Be fent ; and they are of a particular Caft of People very difficult to find here. Jn the Honourable the Prefident's State of the Artillery, there is One Captain lefs than the Eftablifbments ; in the reft there is very little Difference, except in the Reduc- tion of 108 Gunrrom Lafcars ; which perhaps may be done without any great immediate Hurt to the Service ; but the Saving to the Honourable Company will be very trifling, only 6,480 Rupees j.5$>o$2. From the Year 1760, the Hofpi- tal Charges, excluliye of Hofpital Stores, increaie as follows : 1760 - -PT -- R s 10,004 , 7 6 3 -, --- 17,104. 1765* --- - ai >939 17 66 --- , 33 x 26,019 1769 --- 32,522 17-0 -- - 42>4?6 1771 - _^.___ - 68,951 The Increafe of the Numbers of the Troops will unquefKonab'y increafe the Charges cf the Hofpital j this Caufe, with the Extenfion of the Works, will increafe the Ex- pcnces of the Military Storekeeper's Office. I have, in a former Letter, reprefented to your Honour, &c. that I did not think, upon Enquiry, that the Increafe of Hofpital Charges could be accounted fur by the Number of the Troops. As to the Military Store. keeper's Charges, they are fo blended with the Military Paymafter's, that it is difficult for any ptrfop, not daily converfant with thefe Accounts, and impoffible for the fhort Time I have h,;d for this Letter, to feparate and flate the Piogreis and Caufes of their Increafe to your Honour, &c. With all Submiffion, I apprehend, that the Military Storekeeper's Office is now arrived to fuch Magnitude, that it would be proper it fhould be feparate from the Military Paymafter's Department, that he fliould make his own Draughts upon the Treafury, and deliver his Accounts to the Board, in the fame Man- ner as the other Offices do." The Honourable the Governor promifes he will hereafter lay before the Board fuch further Remark s as may occur to him on the Reduction of the Lofies and Expences in ge- nera], both here apd at the Subordinates. I am perfuaded that this will be attended with, the beft Effects to the Service and Intereft of his Honourable Employers, and it will riiuch redound to his' own Honour and Credit; and, when he has Leifure to go into a minute and circumfVantjal Exatninjtion of the Progrefs of the Expe;:ces in the different Offices at the Presidency and Subordinates, 1 doubt not, from his Experience and Know- ledge of the Company's Bufmefs, but he will be able to make fuch Reductions of theEx- j>ences as will be a confiderabls annual Saving to the Company, without being driven to the Necelfity of that defperate Stroke of almoft flopping their fortifications in their pre- lent State, and difbanding the Troops who have been fo often judged indifpenfably ne t diary for the Sixuiity of the Company's important Pollefiions here. 1 have the Honour to be, Bombay, with great Refpeft, Jth July 1772. Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, Your nioft obedient, and fOQii humble Servant, David Wedderburn, Total of $he Accounts of the Military Annual Expences. 1751 3,67.639 I 71 1752 -,__. 1,56,986 3 55 J?54 - - 4,23,4X3 2 03| 1754-5 4,49>'3 3 6o 1756 5,i&,675 a 47 T'S? -_ _ 5,06,7?! 3 22 J759 5>44i* 6 7 3 1760 5,22,011 3 30 1761 6,01,217 z 91 1762 _. 5>7347 i 7 ,763 _ 7,23,158 i 19 J.7&4 7: c ^37 3 J 7 APPENDIX, N 55. 1767 7>54- 66 3 i 10 17 68 __ _ __ 7,33,676 3 S o , 7 6 9 8,88,194 i 45 J770 11,37,761 3 01 j 77 , _ _- _ 10,52,137 63 Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, Letter from Meffrs. Shaw From the great Importance of the Plan laid before you laft snd Garden, propofine, Council Day in the Honourable the Prefident's Letter, for re- that the Reduction of the forming our Military Eftablifliment, and reducing as much ai MilitaryEftabliftimentex- poflible our other amazingly increafed Expences; we deem it adtly quadrate with the incumbent on us to fay, we not only entirely acquiefce in the Honourable Company's Governor's general Idea on the abfolute Neceffity of fuch a cxprels Commands. Meafure, but take the Liberty humbly to offer our particular Sentiments on the Mode and Extent of thofe Reductions, which, with regard to the Troops, we beg leave to propofe to the Board, be carried ftill further than the Governor's Plan, and f> as to quadrate precifcly with the exprefs and reiterated Commands of our Honourable Employers, refpecting their Military Eftablifh- ment. And this we are the more fanguine to fee carried into Execution, as our prefent inevitable current Expences we find (from the late Calculate for the Year laid before us) fo exceedingly furpafs our own Refources, that we fhall be neceffitated every Sea/on, whilft they continue, to make large Draughts from the Bengal Revenues, which it be- hoves us to put a Stop to, as far as may be, by every Means in our Power ;' and this Re. iludtion of our Forces can certainly never take place at a more favourable Juncture than the prefent, when (as the Governor is pleafed to obferve) our certain Intelligence of the French having fent home fo many of their Troops from the Iflands, lufficiently demon- ftrate their pacific Intentions. On the moft accurate Examination of all the Honourable Company's late Commands on the Subject of military Arrangements, we find, that many Months after the acknow- ledged Receipt of Colonel Campbell's Plans of the prefent increafed Works of Dungaree, &c. and his, Colonel Pemble's, and the then Engineer's Opinion of the Troops re- quilite to garrifon the fame both in Peace and War, they have, on due Deliberation, and after many Confutations with a Board of able Officers, adopted the Plan laid down in their Commands sf the 6th April 1770, for their Eftablifiiment on this Side India, to which they have enjoined the moft punctual Obedience j and although all thofe Opi- nions and Plans tranfmitted hence had doubtlefs been laid before a Board" of Officers, and notwithstanding Brigadier General Wedderburn's fubfequent Reprefentation in October 1770, and the Governor and Council's Approbation of the fame in their Letter under the 3d December following, had alfo reached the Honourable Court of Directors, yet af- ter this they are pleafed, under the 3d June 177 1, abfolutely to condemn fuch Deviation from their fixed Plan, and exprefs their Difapprobation of the fame in the following Terms : " Though the Difregard you have '(hewn to our Orders, and the Encroachment " you have made on our Authority, would juftify our fevercA Djfpleafure, yet we ffull " here only exprefs our Condemnation of your Conduct herein ; but at the fame Time " muft apprife you, that any future Deviation from our precife and pofitive Regulations " in refpect to our Military Eftablifliment, will be attended with the utmoft Effects of " our Reientment." And to much the fame Purpofe they write in other Paragraphs of thofe very Commands. As we are their Servants therefore, and they are thus exprefs in their Orders, and as all Apprehenfions from the French feem at an End for the prefent, we are of Opinion that after fuch deliberate and reiterated Directions, we ftiould noc deviate from the Rule they have thus been pleafed to prefcribe, more particularly as on a Retrofpeft to former Times, we find that the Duty of the Garrifjn and Subordinates was long, and till very lately carried with much inferior Numbers in Proportion, even when the increa'fed Extent of our Work is cpnfidered; and this Opinion Mr. Shaw exprelTed to the President, when he had the Honour of ccnverfing with him twice or thrice on this Subject, previous to the Delivery of his Letter and Plan. As we pretend not, however, to a perfect Knowledge of the Detail of Duty, we beg Jeave to recommend, that fliould the Committee of Defence (appointed in cife of an actual Attack) deem this Eftablifliment inefficient, they be directed to form one for Peace and anothci for W*r, on the moft accurate and ccconomical Plan poiiible (with their APPENDIX, N 56. their Reafons at large, and all the needful Detail of Duty), to be fent to the Honourable the Court of Directors by the f.rft Opportunity, for their further Obfermion and In- flruflions thereon ; but in the mean time it is our Opinion, and we move, that, their Orders be carried into Execution as loon as pofiible. In refpeft to the Fortifications (as thofe.extenfive Works are intended to be com- pleted), we think the fooner they are finiftiod the better, for many Reafons : Y-.rR, The fame Surveyors, Sub-furveyors, Storekeepers, and Afliftants, Kra^itioner Engineers, Cadets, and Overfeers (whofe Allowances make capital Figure in the Expences of the Works), however the Board may be pieafed to reduce them, may ftill be able to attend to fuch a Number of Men on each Work, as will be neceHTary to carry it on with all the Expedition which the Nature of that Service, and the State of our Treafury can admit ; and the Works completed will thus, in cafe of an Accident, be better capable of being defended, and run lefs to Ruin when rinimed, than if any Part of them remains im- perfect. On the late considerable Reduction of Pay to the Labourers, which we moved for, we alfo propoied a further One mi^ht take place as foon as pofiible, as well regard- ing them as Artificers in general, which we fhall be very happy to fee effectually car- ried into Execution, and equally fo to reduce the Marine Eftabli/hment, as we {hall if all Times to concur with the Honourable the President and the Board in every other Propofal that may be offered, tending to the Inrereft of our Honourable Employers. We are, with due Refpett, Bombay, Honourable Sir, and Gentlemen, $th July I77&* Your moil obedient, and moft humble Servants, William Shaw, Robert Garden. APPENDIX, N 56. Bergal Secret Ccnfultations, gr Oficler 1775. TO form a proper Judgment of the Motives which guided the Government of Bombay at this juncture, it will be neceiTary to be acquainted with the Views Ot the Honourable Company in that Settlement. The Safety and Acceflablenefs of the Harbour of Bombay at all Seafons of the Year, together with the Vicinity of the Marattas, and particularly to One of the PafTes through which the Whole of the Country above the Gauts might be fupplied with the Articles of England, feem chiefly to have engaged the Attention of the Company in the Acquifuion of this Ifland ; their Speculations were perfectly juft, as Woollens and the other Staples of England are difpofed of at Bombay, and the Markets which it fupplies, to the Amount of 14 Lacks Annually. Befides this, the Cbnvcniency of the Harbour has fecured to the Englifli, and thofc who trade under their Protection, almofl the exclufive Trade in Indian Commodities v.i:h the Country of the Marattas, as well as in the Cotton with which Bengal and China is fupplied ; the Whole bringing in an Annual Profit to the Company in Cuftoms of above 3! Lacks. The Influence which the Company have in the Government of Surat, not only enables them, in a great Meafure, to give a considerable Check to the Commerce of the European Nations already eftablifhed there, but, if well exerted, to prevent any others from interfering; a Power rrore valuable, as Surat is, next to Bombay, the chief .Mitt for the Vend of Staples, the intire Monopoly of which is their great and leading Commercial View in the Weft of India. For a confioeiable Tirre Commerce alone engaged the Attention of the Company at Bombay ; but the Conftruftipn of the Docks, and the excellent Timber, wnh the Number of Artificers readiiy procurable there, gave it a Conference in a Military L'ght. Nothing more need be faid of this than the Tefiimony of Commanders of his Majcfiy's Squadrons j and indeed, the utter Impoljibility of proper Repairs elfe- APPENDIX, N 56. where, ferve to convince, that to the Docks at Bombay, and the ready Aflifhnce found there, was chiefly owing our Superiority at Sea in this Quarter of the Globe during laft War. Senfible of the Importance of thefe Objefts, and ofjhe defencelefs State in which Bombay was, the Honourable Court of Directors, in the Year 1768, fent out Colonel Campbell to infpeft the State of the Fortifications, with pofitive Orders implicitly to follow his Plan ; and knowing t'fo the Inadequacy of our Garrifon to the Defence of the Place, they very confiderably enlarged our Military Eftablifliment. Previous to this the Expences of Bombay exceeded its Revenues ; but this great Increale, they were fenfible, muft diftrefs the Government there for Means to defray them, and furnifh their Jnveftments for Europe and China: Knowing alone that a Territorial Acquifuion could alone furnifh a Revenue equal to the Neceflities of that Settlement, they Jjy d;>wn a Syftem for the Attainment of One; this was the Acqui- iition of Salf tand Baflein, with the Maratta Share of the Revenues of Surar, which they imagined would about complete their Views } and this, I muft again repeat, they urgently an.H efpecially enjoined us to embrace every Opportunity to attain, and to this aiune to direft all our political and military Operations ; declaring it, at the fame Time, to be the utmoft of their Wifties in the Weft of India. In the Ceffion fiipulated for by the Treaty with the Paifliwah, the Views of the Com- pany have been completed beyond their Hopes j as, exclufive of the chief Confideration, a Revenue equal to its Expence and Occafiom, the commercial and military Advantage* of Bombay are moft permanently fecured to it. On Salfet, Caranjah, and Bafiein, Bombay may fafely depend for Provision of all Kinds ; and pofiefling Bafiein and its Diftrils, we infure to ourfelves a Part of the Tim- ber ntcelfary for cur Marine Yard, the Want of which would fo greatly diftrefs our Works there, that was this Place to fall into an Enemy's Hand, or any Difputes with the Marattas to fubfift in the Time of War with France, the Docks, which are now fu material, would be rendered almoft ulVlefs for Want of this indifpenfable Article. In the Diftrifts ceded in the Guzzarat Country, grows the Cotton for the Bengal Market, which fecures to the Engliiri, and thofe under their Protection, the entire Trade in this Article; and of courfe to the Company the whole Cuftoms on it. Exclufive of thefe actual Advantages, we fliall entirely preclude the Dutch, who have long been foliciiing a Settlement at BafTein, from all Rivalry with the Company in the Trade to the Maratra Dominions ; befides preventing the dangerous Confequeaces that might attend the Neighbourhood of fo ative and enterpuzing a Nation, who have never been known to Itt flip any Opportunity of extending themfelves ; and ftiould they at any Time embrace an Opportunity to get Pofleflion of Baflein, with the Means they would have to diftrefs ours and carry on their own Trade, it feems very probable but little would be left to the Englim at Bombay : This Acquifition alfo defeats the known and declared Defigns of the Pcrtuguefe, and the probable Views of the French ; who, from former Steps, and their now fending out fo many Ships to the Weft of India, feem alfo inclined to participate with us in the Commerce there. The rtriking Advantages of thefe Poflelfiois will, I truft, be deemed worthy of moft ferious Regard, when it is confidered, that the Maintenance of Bombay is neceffary In the general Syftem of the Company's Affairs, from an Annual Lofs of about 1 50,000 /. a Burden on your Government very troubleiome at beftj but perhaps dangerous in the End, by the Remittance of Specie, and all chiefly for a local Advantage, till then un- certain ; Bombay would become a winning Settlement of near Eight Lacks, which viill be a Difference to the Company of 250,000 /. Annually ; it would be in a State to afford a certain Affiftance of ail Kinds to a Squadron in Time of War ; fecure the Commerce of the Weft of India in the Englifh Hands; and above all, to fruftrate the great Rivals of the Company in their Views of participating in our Tru; with the Maratta Dominions, an Objeft alone of great Importance, as on this Trade depends their chief Vend of Woollens and the other Staples of our N T ative Country. APPENDIX, APPENDIX, APPENDIX, N 57. Extraff of tie General Letter from Bengal to the Court of Dlrcflors of the Soft India Company , dated tee ird Auguft 1774. Par. 8. 'T^'HE Prefidency of Bombay have again applied to us for a large Supply of [ Money, fetting forth their Diftrefles in the ftrongeft Term 5 , and requcft- ing immediate Relief. We have anfwered them, that the State of our Finances and Demands here did not enable us to furni/h them to the Extent they required, but that we would cheerfully lend our Afiiftance in the moft fpeedy Manner. As far as 15 Lacks, we had engaged to fupply them within the courfe of the Year, could we find out the Means of Remittance ; but that it was not in our Power to obtain Drafts here to the Amount of above 5 Lacks, and that from doubtful Hands, and at the exorbitant Ex- change of nzSicca fer 100 Bombay Rupees; Terms which we ftiould not think ourfelves juftifiable in accepting, not only as it would have proved an immediate and heavy Lofs of near 19 per Cert, on the Remittance, but as it fenred to introduce and encourage the Exportation of our own Specie, which we efleem it our Duty to guard againft, by every poffible Means, as fatal to the Commerce and Revenue of thefe Pro- vinces. There has however lately occurred an unexpected Event which will afford them Means of taking up Money on their Bills on uss The Ships returning from the Gulphs, with the Produce of the Trade for Three Years paft, detained by the late Troubles in thofe Countries, great Part of which they muft either bring round to Bengal in Specie, or leave at Bombay for Drafts on this Place ; and we have taken care to fecure the Refufal for that Prefidency from the Owners of feveral of thefe Veffels which belong to this Port. The Balance in your General Treafury this Day is, current Rupees 7,72,377. I. 9. In the Dewanny Treafury Sicca Rupees 3,89,143. I. 17. a. and in Calh current R. pees 18,476. 3. 5. APPENDIX, CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES VERS1TY LIBRARY Hate stamped below flIC'D LD-URC UNIVERSITY OF CAIJPORN1 AT LOS ANGELES T TRPARY iiiiil A 000 006 496