UC-NRLF 
 
 B M bbl 2M3 
 
 NOTES FROM A COL- 
 LECTORS CATALOGUE 
 
 Q 
 
 >4 
 
 With a Bibliography of 
 English Cookery Books, 
 
 By a. W. oxford. 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF 
 CALIFORNIA 
 
 J 
 
Collecting small things in a small way. 
 
 NOTES FROM A COL- 
 LECTOR'S CATALOGUE 
 
 With a Bibliography of 
 English Cookery Books, 
 
 By a. W. ) oxford. 
 
 ? 
 
 XonDon : 
 
 Messrs. JOHN and EDWARD BUMPUS, Limited, 
 350, Oxford Street. 
 
 1909. 
 
felFT 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAOE 
 
 Chapter I. — Introduction . . . . . . . . . . i 
 
 Chapter II. — Cards and their accessories. Games . . 2 
 
 Chapter III.— Old Silver 6 
 
 Chapter IV. — Stay busks. Knitting needle sheaths. 
 
 Domestic implements . . . . . . 10 
 
 Chapter V. — Writing materials. Seals . . . . . . 15 
 
 Chapter VI. — Books. Diaries. Engravings . . . . 16 
 
 Chapter VII. — Crime 24 
 
 Chapter VIII. — Religious objects. Egyptian antiqui- 
 ties . . . . . . . . . . 32 
 
 Chapter IX. — Calendars. Tokens. Clocks. Past Col- 
 lections . . . . . . . . . , 35 
 
 Appendix A. — Cookery Books . . . . . . . . 39 
 
 Appendix B. — Fountains Abbey . . . . . . . . no 
 
 Appendix C. — Marcus AureUus and Epictetus . . . . 114 
 
 M8G5221 
 
NOTES FROM A COLLECTOR'S 
 CATALOGUE. 
 
 CHAPTER I: * 
 
 Introduction; 
 
 I MUST keep three rules if I wish to collect wisely — 
 
 (i) Collect only what is beautiful or of great human 
 interest. 
 
 I must never let myself be carried away by a love 
 of freaks, such as coins wrongly stamped, or books 
 with mistakes in their title-pages, which were with- 
 drawn from circulation as soon as the mistake was 
 discovered, 
 
 (2) Collect only things which are scarce ; let there be a 
 clear limit to whatever is being collected. 
 
 I have often found things common which at first 
 seemed very rare. Now, before I go far in collecting 
 a new thing, I ask myself, " Can a millionaire over- 
 take me in a week ? " If it is probable he can, I send 
 the collection to a salesroom, and start on something 
 else. 
 
 Moreover, I must not start on any branch which 
 is too vast for modest means, but must call to mind 
 how heedlessly I began collecting old china without 
 any idea of the extent of the subject. 
 
 (3) Give special attention to things which museums would 
 be glad to possess. 
 
 Even collectors have more or less of a socialist 
 conscience, which needs at times to be comforted. 
 As G. B. S. said to me long ago, " It is a worthy 
 
 B 
 
thing to spend one's surplus income in enriching the 
 pubhc museums." Unfortunately, museums are too 
 often confined to large towns, whereas every village 
 ought to have one in which such things as smock 
 frocks, flails, screeves, local engravings, should be 
 preserved. If no proper building can be erected, 
 why should not a part of the school or even of the 
 church be used ? The history of a village is its sacred 
 history. 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 Cards and their Accessories. Games. 
 
 I often wonder how bridge markers would have been made 
 if the game had been played a hundred years ago. Certainly 
 our forefathers would have produced something more artistic 
 than the scoring blocks of the present day, if we are to judge 
 them by their whist markers which were often very pretty. 
 The problem was of course much simpler in whist as it was 
 only to count from one to ten. Hoyle gives two methods of 
 doing this with four counters : — 
 
 Oue 
 
 Two 
 
 Three 
 
 lour 
 
 Five 
 
 Six 
 
 Seven 
 
 Eight 
 
 Nine 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 ooo 
 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 00 
 
 000 
 
 0000 
 
 00 
 
 000 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 While the thousands scored with four coins of the realm, 
 the hundreds carried in their pockets or wore on their chains 
 special little boxes with four counters. The boxes and 
 counters were made of various materials — gold, silver, ivory, 
 bone, tortoise-shell, mother-of-pearl, porcelain, wood. Those 
 for the chain were of gold or pinchbeck. 
 
The counters were either plain, or inscribed with devices 
 or phrases, " Keep your temper " is a common motto. 
 Nelson's victories are frequently commemorated on them. Ger- 
 man counters often have a different motto on each counter, 
 and also the words simple, double, triple, quadruple. Some- 
 times the counters or the box bear the method of scoring as 
 an aid to memory ; this is common on German counters. 
 
 The counters often bear the numbers i, 2, 3, 4, by which 
 it was made more easy to count from one to ten. At a later 
 date boxes and counters were largely superseded by a dial, 
 with a pointer which was pushed by the hand, or worked by 
 pressing a spring. 
 
 Patch boxes sometimes have a dial for marking whist 
 on the cover. 
 
 The prettiest of all the whist boxes are those of mother- 
 of-pearl, which have sliding tops; and contain four mother- 
 of-pearl counters, painted with some card of each of the four 
 suits. I have four specimens of these, one in the shape of 
 a butterfly. 
 
 Silver boxes are very common, but rarely contain the 
 counters. I have silver boxes containing George III. shilhngs, 
 George III. three-penny bits, bone counters, but only one 
 containing silver counters, and there are, unfortunately, only 
 two of these. One has an enamelled heart in its centre, the 
 other a diamond, Samuel Pemberton of Birmingham and 
 John Toleken of Cork made many of the silver boxes. I have 
 specimens of these, and also one made by R. B. of London 
 in 1798. 
 
 Porcelain counters are never in a box, and are usually, 
 if not always, of foreign make. Mr. Stoner, of King Street, 
 St. James', gave me one set which he thought were Worcester, 
 but they are marked simple, double, triple, quadruple, 
 and are very like another set, clearly foreign, which he 
 has since given me. Besides these I have two sets of 
 Dresden make, marked with the cross-swords, and another 
 set of foreign make. They are either painted with the four 
 suits or with the four kings. 
 
Many of my boxes are very pretty. One is of leather 
 with a glass bead top. Another consists of an iron plate inlaid 
 with gold and pierced with holes for four pegs which are in a 
 drawer below ; it stands on four legs. The most costly is a 
 silver box, with four counters of almost pure gold, engraved 
 by Loos. On the obverse of each of these is the representa- 
 tion of some classical story, Atalanta, Argus, etc. ; on the 
 reverse is an appropriate German motto. 
 
 None of the boxes I have seen look older or bear an earlier 
 hall mark than 1760. But there is another form of earher 
 date which seems to have been used for whist, cLS the boxes 
 sometimes bear a dial on which the numbers run from one 
 to ten. The complete form consists of a box containing 
 four smaller boxes in which are counters. There are three 
 complete specimens in the British Museum, two of ivory, 
 and one of straw. One of the sets in ivory has a dial on each 
 cover, and bears the inscription " Mariaval le jeune a Paris 
 fecit." I have a complete set in ivory by the same maker — 
 Mr. Alfred Trapnell has two, but one set has lost the enclosing 
 box — and also three sets made of wood, gilt and painted, 
 with markers of ivory. These complete sets are rare, al- 
 though I have sometimes bought or been offered odd boxes. 
 They all seem to be of a date between 1660 and 1720. 
 
 Whist markers disappeared in the Victorian era. The 
 latest in my collection is a German one, the counters of which 
 are inscribed with the battles of the Franco-German War 
 of 1870. 
 
 Card tables sometimes have four hollows to contain the 
 players' counters. Where these hollows did not exist, it was 
 convenient for each player to have a receptacle at his side, 
 while there was a larger one in the centre of the table for 
 the pool.- 
 
 The most artistic of these were made of Battersea enamel, 
 and they are the most common, although it is not easy to 
 pick up a set of five. The five trays have the same pre- 
 dominating colour throughout. Mr. Stoner, who is an 
 authority on Battersea enamel, has seen six varieties, viz.^ 
 
white, pink, dark and light green, dark and turquoise blue. 
 The usual shape is hexagonal, each side being the arc of a 
 circle, but Mr. Trapnell has a circular set which Mr. Stoner, 
 who sold them to him, says is the only specimen he has ever 
 seen. 
 
 A rare variety is made of salt glaze, the five trays fitting 
 into one another like a supper service, and decorated with 
 the suits of cards. I have only seen one complete set ; one 
 of the trays bore the inscription " a token of regard 1772." 
 An odd tray from another set had the initials " W. T." on 
 it. 
 
 I have a set made of cardboard lined with silk, and another 
 made of papier mache. The latter form is the most modern, 
 and is fairly common. 
 
 Small silver trays are sometimes seen which seem just 
 the thing for holding counters, although the trade assert they 
 are all stands for wine funnels, as some certainly are. Those 
 which look most like counter trays are generally of Dublin 
 make. I have two about the year 1800, which I am willing 
 to allow were for funnels, but two others of the years 1729 
 and 1736 I still hold were for counters. The trade is not 
 always right. 
 
 Gaming tickets are sometimes found at sales and with 
 coin dealers, made of wood, tortoise-shell, and ivory. They 
 vary in designation from 10 shiUings to 100 pounds. I have 
 seen several with the word " White's " on them, and have a 
 guinea token thus marked, but have not come across the 
 name of any other club. 
 
 Some day I must collect dice boxes. I have two Crom- 
 wellian ones in leather, one of ivory in the shape of a gavel, 
 and another of ivory with a little silver snail as thumb- piece. 
 
 I have seen domino boxes worth collecting, but I have 
 only one, which is in the shape of a barrel. 
 
 I have a brass box with 27 medals, which have a scriptural 
 text on each side. They were, perhaps, used for a Sunday 
 game. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 Old Silver. 
 
 Just as I was starting in the dangerous pursuit of collecting 
 old silver, I was fortunate enough to come across the learned 
 firm of Pairpoint Brothers, 8oa, Dean Street, Soho. This 
 firm has made modern silver and repaired and sold antique 
 silver for so many years, that if the three brothers agree that 
 a certain piece is genuine, its owner may face the world with- 
 out fear. At the same time he may be sure that he has only 
 paid a reasonable price. 
 
 I began with useful articles, such as three-pronged forks, 
 milk jugs, trencher salt cellars, pepper pots, and derived 
 much pleasure from finding out their date and maker, with 
 the aid of Cripps, and later, of Mr. C. J. Jackson, who has 
 represented most accurately the shape of the shield, the form 
 of the lion, the small turn of some letters, on all of which the 
 date depends. 
 
 But I soon learned the joy of forming a series, and began 
 with caddy spoons. I determined to have a London series, 
 and end with 1821. No self-respecting collector could go 
 beyond that year, in the latter half of which the poor leopard 
 not only lost his crown but was transformed into a common 
 cat. It would be a good thing if our present King would 
 insist on a decent leopard with the old crown and restore the 
 sovereign's head which, first used in 1784, was removed in 
 1890 on account of the abolition of the duty on silver plate. 
 
 I did not know how far I should have to go back until an 
 article by Mrs. Head in the Connoisseur for January, 1907, 
 mentioned that the earliest specimen known is 1783. I have 
 that date and now only need 1821, i8ig, 1816, 1806, 1793, 
 1789, 1785, 1784, and of course 1782. 
 
 I remember the date letters by the lines 
 Capital U is Waterloo. 
 While E begins the Century. 
 6 
 
I have also made a series of London vinaigrettes, and have 
 a run from 1797 to 1821, with the one exception of 1820. 
 Birmingham vinaigrettes are far more common and go further 
 back. I possess one of 1796 and have seen one of 1791. 
 
 It is interesting to notice the change in the perforated 
 plate from perfect simplicity to lavish ornament. There is 
 not a great variety in the form of the box itself. Circular 
 ones for suspension are the rarest and are nearly all of Birming- 
 ham make, though I have a London one of the year 18 16. 
 I have an oval one for suspension bearing the London mark 
 for 1803, which is unlike any other I have ever seen ; and 
 another of most unusual shape with the Birmingham mark 
 for 1801. 
 
 There are other silver boxes for holding perfume which are 
 worth collecting. Pomanders are, of course, out of the question, 
 but I have collected several little boxes which unscrew top 
 and bottom, the top compartment having a perforated plate. 
 I used to think these were for holding pounce and wafers ; 
 but Mr. Drane, of Cardiff, who seems to know all that is to be 
 known about everything, insisted they were for liquid and 
 solid perfume, and I have been converted to his opinion by 
 finding remains of the latter in a specimen lately bought. 
 They are sometimes in the shape of a vase, oftener in the 
 shape of an egg ; all my specimens are of foreign make. 
 The finest has the cover made into a whistle. It is in its 
 original red leather case and is stamped on one side with 
 MEW and the other with 1736 ; on the bottom is I W, 
 
 I have also a few little bottles used for scent. One is a 
 silver mounted nut engraved A J S, 1748. Another has E A 
 on one side, on the other a double-headed eagle with a cursive 
 E A below ; at the bottom is the maker's mark, IN STER- 
 LING, i.e., John Nicolson of Cork. 
 
 At one time I collected nutmeg boxes with much vigour, 
 and have now over 150 in silver, beside others made of Batter- 
 sea enamel, wood, Sheffield plate, iron, brass, ivory, etc. 
 This is not such a numerous collection as that of Mr. Guy 
 Oswald Smith, which was for some time exhibited at South 
 
8 
 
 Kensington, and which is described in the Connoisseur 
 for November, 1907 ; but I have all his varieties except the 
 cylinder, dated 1818, in plate B. 
 
 These boxes go back to the Stuart period, and died out 
 in the early days of Queen Victoria. The earliest marked 
 specimen I have seen was of the year 1695, but there seemed 
 more serious objections to it than its price. The next earhest, 
 bearing a date letter, is a London one of 1774 in my possession. 
 These boxes were carried about for each man to spice his 
 punch to his Uking. The typical variety is a small box 
 opening at the top for the grater and at the bottom for the 
 nutmeg, but they were also made in the shape of eggs, vases, 
 barrels, cylinders, etc. A useful variety is one which con- 
 tains a corkscrew. 
 
 The earliest boxes are either in the shape of a heart, 
 opening top and bottom, or of a cyHnder with two compart- 
 ments, one shallow for the nutmeg, the other deep for a 
 circular grater. None of mine have any mark except that of 
 the maker. Several are marked T K in a shield, which does 
 not correspond with any of those given in Jackson. 
 
 Though nutmeg boxes must have been in very common 
 use — a grater is generally found in old cases of implements — 
 there are very few allusions to them in books. Edward 
 Fitzgerald in a letter writes of one in his possession, and 
 Charles Dickens mentions them in the last chapter of " David 
 Copperfield," and in " The Battle of Life." 
 
 They often bear inscriptions. On one, which I found in 
 Munich, bearing the Birmingham mark of 1807, is " Zum 
 Andenken " ; on another, " Sans cet ami point de vie " ; 
 on an early one by T. K., " Mary Moss anno 1710. Amoris 
 tela omium quaerela " ; the engraver perhaps is responsible 
 for the mistake. 
 
 About 1805 a larger variety came into use which was not 
 for the pocket but to hang in the room. It consists of a 
 grater, semi-cylindrical in shape, with a box underneath for 
 the nutmeg. At this time the ordinary boxes tended to 
 become larger and were for the table rather than for the 
 pocket. 
 
Nutmeg boxes usually bear the London or Birmingham 
 mark. I have only one Irish and one Scotch. The former 
 is a beautiful Dublin one of the year 1789, the latter is a poor 
 specimen and undated. 
 
 The only two boxes, whose original owners are known to 
 me by name, belonged to Beau Brummel and Southey. The 
 first, engraved with a B on the cover and made in London in 
 1782 by Thomas Phipps and Edward Robinson, who were the 
 principal makers of these boxes, was sold at Christie's with 
 other relics of Brummel in 1899. The other was sold in the 
 Walter collection in 1904 in the West of England. Inside is 
 a note in Mr. Walter's writing, " This nutmeg grater belonged 
 to Southey the Poet, given to me by his grand-daughter." 
 It bears the London hall mark of 1786. 
 
 Snuff boxes are really barred by my second rule, but I 
 have a dozen or so. One, with the Exeter mark for 1805, is 
 in the shape of a coffin as was that of Mr. Sowerberry in 
 " Ohver Twist." I have seen another of the same dismal 
 shape. A second is a very fine specimen, silver gilt, with the 
 London mark for 1805, opening top and bottom for two 
 different kinds of snuff, and bearing the crest of the Prince 
 of Wales. A third, very small, made in Birmingham in 1808, 
 is interesting from its containing at one end a vinaigrette ; 
 it perhaps belonged to a lad}'. 
 
 Best of all I like to collect small articles which are unique, 
 or, at any rate, very rare. If I could afford it, I would collect 
 pomanders. But I have been able to get together several 
 interesting things at a far less price. Some have been men- 
 tioned ; others are a little box with a wonderful double 
 hinge of the year 1800 ; a little sweetmeat box, fully marked, 
 of the year 1687 ; a travelling candlestick of 1795 ; a toy tea- 
 pot of WiUiam III. ; a shagreen case with sugar tongs and six 
 spoons of the same reign ; a wine cup of 1710, a memento 
 mori, 
 
 I often wish I had collected old silver with more vigour. 
 Every year the price goes up. And yet it is only about forty 
 years ago, at Lord Willoughby d'Eresby's sale, that Christie's 
 
lO 
 
 catalogued the dates of the silver to be sold. And Mr. A. 
 Pairpoint well remembers a dealer who melted all the Queen 
 Anne spoons which came into his possession on account of 
 their higher standard, which brought a few pence more per 
 ounce. 
 
 CHAPTER IV; 
 
 Stay Busks. Knitting Needle Sheaths. Domestic 
 Implements. 
 
 The large majority of stay busks which are now seen have 
 obviously belonged to the working classes. They are either 
 of wood or of whalebone, the latter carved by sailors as is 
 shown by the material and the design. The Marquis of 
 Exeter, however, is said to possess one or more which belonged 
 to Queen EUzabeth, and I have an ivory one which must 
 have belonged to a lady of high degree. 
 
 Eleven wooden ones are illustrated in the Reliquary 
 for January, 1906. Of these 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11 are now in 
 my possession. 
 
 I have seven others, of which six are very similar to those 
 described in the Reliquary. 
 
 The first is rudely carved with a heart and wavy lines, and 
 seems to have had several owners as it bears the initials M.D., 
 A.B., I.R., on the front, and T., M., C, on the back ; the C. 
 is repeated three times. The date is 1797. There are three 
 holes at the top and one at the bottom to secure the busk to 
 the stays. It is a foot long, two inches broad at the top, 
 tapering to one inch ; convex on the outside. It was in the 
 Bidwell collection but not illustrated in the Reliquary. 
 
 The second has very deep carving on both front and back, 
 the decoration consisting of hearts. It is a foot long and 
 three inches wide for nearly its whole length, tapering to a 
 
 * See also Reliquary for July, 1903. 
 
II 
 
 point two inches from the end. It is triangular on cross- 
 section. 
 
 The third is 12^ inches long, ij inches wide, narrowing to 
 a point ; triangular on cross-section. At the back are the 
 initials R.E., J.E., and the date 1798. It is carved in front 
 with hearts and foliage and the figures 19, which perhaps 
 represent the lady's age when the busk was given her. 
 
 The fourth is 13^ inches long, i| inches wide, narrowing 
 very gradually to f inch, convex on the outer side. The 
 back is not carved but has a groove running down the middle 
 from end to end. The front is carved with the initials M.C., 
 several hearts, circles, birds, and the sun. On the back is 
 written in ink, " Stay Busk used by Mary Cousins, died 
 July 19, 1815, aged 32." This was given me by Mr: 
 Stoner. 
 
 The fifth is ii| inches long, 2J inches wide, tapering to a 
 point, carved on the outer side. The initials A.B. are on the 
 back, the front is deeply carved with a lozenge-shaped orna- 
 ment, and at the top with sun, moon, stars, heart, etc. 
 
 The sixth is I2| inches long, 2| inches wide, gradually 
 tapering to a point. It is triangular on cross-section. The 
 back is plain ; the front carved with figures-of-8 and other 
 geometrical designs. 
 
 The seventh is a very superior one. It is 11 inches long, 
 I J inches at its widest point, | inch thick, triangular on cross- 
 section. The top three inches are formed by the figure of a 
 lady fastening her stays. On one side of the front are the 
 initials T.U., E.U., hearts, the sun, and masonic emblems ; 
 on the other are the moon, stars, and a plant in a pot. The 
 back is car^'^ed with flowers and foliage, with " Thomas Under- 
 wood " at the top. Running from top to bottom was " Eliza- 
 beth Underwood," but this name has been converted by cross 
 lines into decorative ornament. The course of true love did 
 not run smooth in this case. 
 
 Of those carved by sailors I have nine. Three are black, 
 made of what is popularly called whalebone ; the other six 
 
12 
 
 are made out of the whale's real bone, and are of course white. 
 They are all flat with rounded ends, from 13 to 15 inches long,* 
 and about 2 inches wide. They taper much less than the 
 wooden ones, and two are the same width throughout. The 
 backs are all plain. 
 
 The first (black) is carved with five different shrubs. 
 
 The second (black) with two ships, a whale, and the 
 initials S.W. 
 
 The third with a castle, bridge, and house. At one end 
 are two hearts and " Love," at the other a trumpet and ears 
 of com. 
 
 The fourth with two ships lying off a native village. 
 
 The fifth with flowers and foliage, a heart transfixed by 
 arrows, and the initials J.K. 
 
 The sixth with the figure of a sailor, under which is the 
 word " arrived." Above are a ship and a transfixed heart ; 
 below a basket of flowers. 
 
 The seventh with a ship and four boats engaged in whaling. 
 Above is a tomb with two trees ; below a plant in a pot. 
 It has been badly pierced with five holes. 
 
 The eighth (black) with ships, fish, flowers, and the name 
 " Mary Pringle." 
 
 The ninth with ships and a sailor holding a flag. 
 
 The last two are from the Bid well collection. 
 
 An unusual variety is a broad ivory one, concave from 
 side to side. It is only 9 inches long, and over 3 inches wide. 
 There is a hole in the top, and a row of holes on the lower 
 half of each side. It is not carved. 
 
 The ivory one which I mentioned above is of much earlier 
 date, and of a far superior workmanship to any of the others. 
 It is sixteen inches long, |-inch wide, tapering slightly at the 
 bottom. It is convex in front, with a ridge in the centre, 
 running almost from top to bottom. There is a row of 23 
 semi-circles with triangles between carved on each side of the 
 front. At the back are flowers and foliage surrounding three 
 
 * Those of 15 inches long must have been uncomfortable, but I 
 was once offered a whalebone one, the length of which was 19 inches. 
 
13 
 
 panels. On the top one is a heart with four arrows round it, 
 and the words " Pas un ne m'attrape " ; on the middle one a 
 heart with an arrow through it and the words " Un seul me 
 blesse " ; on the bottom are two hearts in flames with the 
 inscription " L' Amour les joint." There are two holes at the 
 lower end. 
 
 Knitting needle holders are carved even now in some 
 parts of the country, but the active life of to-day admits of 
 only very plain specimens, and gives no time for the orna- 
 mental sheaths cut by our forefathers. These knitting sticks 
 are much commoner than stay busks, but good specimens are 
 in great request by collectors, and foolish dealers spoil a good 
 many by carving on them fictitious dates. There are articles 
 on them in the Reliquary for July 1903 and April 1904. 
 
 I have several wooden ones, but only three of much 
 interest. 
 
 One is quadrangular, with three compartments in it. The 
 two upper compartments have each a small round ball which 
 is cut out of the solid ; the lower compartment has a central 
 carved pillar. There is a slot to fix the stick to the belt. 
 The whole is carved with geometrical ornament. 
 
 The other two are of the class illustrated in the Reliquary 
 for April 1904, pages 126, 7. 
 
 The stick of each of these is 5 inches long, |-inch square 
 on section, with a deep vertical slot to fasten to belt. 
 Attached to the stick is a chain, in one case of seven, in the 
 other of eight, links, at the end of which is another stick 
 carved with two projections for carrjdng balls of worsted. 
 In both cases the whole is carved out of one piece of wood. 
 There is an inscription covered with glass on each of them. 
 On the first is — 
 
 " Remember me when this you see 
 And bear me in your mind. 
 Wm: Nelson, Nov: 9th j 1831;" 
 On the second — 
 
 " When this you see think on me 
 If many many miles whe distant be." 
 
H 
 
 In spite of the spelling this second specimen is of very su- 
 perior workmanship, both the upper and lower sticks being 
 inlaid with pieces of wood of different colours. On one of 
 these is carved " Miss I'anson." There is a box to hold it 
 which has an inlay on the bottom. 
 
 Besides these wooden ones I have a silver one, two of 
 plaited quills mounted in silver, an iron one with ornaments 
 and the letters M N Z I, one of leather mounted in silver 
 with the initials of the owner R. R. S., and with the silver- 
 smith's mark. Those of silver, and of quills mounted in 
 silver, are fairly common, those of iron very rare, of leather 
 still rarer. I also have a most beautiful specimen, ten inches 
 long, made of bead work, with flower and chain ornament. 
 It looks far too fragile for use, and must have been made to 
 show to what perfection bead work can be brought. 
 
 Among miscellaneous domestic things are a reel stand ; 
 an instrument for goffering caps which looks like the model 
 of a guillotine ; a few lace bobbins (window bobbins and 
 specimens with names or mottoes are always interesting) ; 
 two straw-splitters ; a few snuff rasps (I sold the best speci- 
 mens years ago) ; buckles (silver and paste) ; Chinese nail 
 protectors ; cases with implements ; needle cases ; bodkin 
 cases ; patch boxes (mostly ivory, but I have two of silver, 
 one London of 1799, the other Birmingham of 1796) ; a 
 silver case with London hall-mark of 1799, containing tooth- 
 brush, box, and tongue-scraper ; a box of silver weights, old 
 French. All these form the starting points of collections 
 which I have never found interest or time to undertake. 
 
CHAPTER ^' 
 
 Writing Materials. Seals. 
 
 Without any definite search I have collected a few travelling 
 ink-holders, A common variety is made of silver with a 
 screw top. My specimen is of the year 1814, but I have 
 seen them as early as the reign of George II. 
 
 Another common variety is made of tortoise-shell, and 
 contains in addition to the inkstand a silver pen and penholder 
 and seal. Inside the lid is a looking-glass. One of my 
 specimens is said to have belonged to Lady Byron. 
 
 A third common variety is made of leather, and also con- 
 tains pen and penholder of silver, as well as an inkstand. 
 One of my specimens has a silver box for wafers underneath 
 the inkstand ; it is marked I B. 
 
 More interesting than ink-holders are pounce boxes, 
 which were used for sprinkhng powder over freshly written 
 paper before the invention of blotting paper. They are still 
 used in small towns on the Continent. Most old silver and 
 porcelain inkstands have one by the side of the ink bottle. 
 I have one in Bristol and one in Plymouth china which illus- 
 trate very plainly the points of difference and Ukeness in the 
 two factories ; two in wood ; one of Spode china ; one of 
 Battersea enamel. I have also a little silver-gilt one of the 
 sixteenth century, but it is possible that it is for scent and 
 not for pounce. A common variety is of iron, oblong in 
 shape, with an inner box sUding under the perforated outer 
 box. One of mine is engraved " Moses Basse Coroner Wend- 
 over Bucks 1779," and the holes are arranged to read " Success 
 to trade." Another is engraved " S. Greenwood Draper &c." 
 
 Wafer boxes are sometimes met with, but I have only 
 one. It is made of tortoise-shell and silver, with a negro's 
 head at the top. 
 
 Seals are innumerable, and belong to all nations and all 
 
 15 
 
i6 
 
 ages. Of English ones I have collected and given away 
 hundreds, and still they keep coming in a steady flow, for 
 they always appeal to me. The prettiest set I have con- 
 sists of three and a watch key on a ring. Each of these five 
 articles is made of a gold snake, with little diamonds for 
 eyes. One seal bears a crest, a second a coat of arms, the 
 third an initial. The date is about 1780. 
 
 Another consists of 11 seals in a silver box. The box is 
 open at one end so that the seal at the bottom makes an 
 impress. It must have been clumsy to use. 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 Books. Diaries. Engravings, 
 
 Books are most dangerous things to coUect, unless one collects 
 with method. I have made many efforts in different direc- 
 tions, swimming, polygamy, English spas, etc., and have at 
 last restricted myself almost entirely to the collection of old 
 English cookery books anterior to 1700. These are all that 
 remains of a foolish attempt to collect old medical books 
 which, if carried out with perseverance, would have filled 
 my house with books. Medicine and cookery are often 
 found united in very attractive little volumes in the seven- 
 teenth century, and on clearing out the medical books I still 
 kept these compound treatises, and thus drifted into the 
 collecting of all cookery books provided they were English, 
 and earlier than 1700. 
 
 In an Appendix I have given a bibliography, and hope 
 it may be useful to any who wish to start a research into this 
 branch of study. 
 
 Apart from cookery books I am only collecting with zeal 
 the early English translations of Marcus Aurehus and 
 Epictetus, a list of which are in an Appendix. 
 
 I have a few interesting books left from much miscel- 
 laneous collecting, and am especially fond of three. 
 
«7 
 
 (i) L'Art de se rendre heureux par les songes ; c'est 
 a dire en se procurant telle espece de songes que Ton 
 puisse desirer conformement a ses inclinations. Franc- 
 fort at Leipsig MDCCXLVI, 
 I bought this book on account of the great admiration 
 I have for Peter Ibbetson. It may be that Du Maurier got 
 the idea from it, but certainly nothing more.* According 
 to Brunet it is a book " Singulier et assez rare." My copy 
 is in the original calf, with the arms of Francois-Jean Orceau 
 de Fontelle on the cover. Strange indeed are the dreams 
 required, the receipts to obtain themj and the methods of 
 using the receipts. It is not a book for young people. The 
 author points out at the end that by a combination of different 
 receipts one may add to the variety of the dreams, but it 
 is not possible to quote the combinations he suggests. Brunet's 
 adjective is certainly the one to apply to the book. Who 
 could want a receipt " pour rever que Ton est sur mer au 
 milieu des tonneres, des eclairs, et des plus affreuses tem- 
 petes " ? Yet the author gives two, one compounded of 
 stramonium seeds and powdered oyster shells. 
 
 (2) Blackguardiana. 
 
 This is a slang dictionary attributed by Lowndes to 
 James Caulfield. A charming portrait of Nancy Parsons 
 and a view of the execution of Mary Blandy led to my buying 
 it. Some of the expressions are very curious, such as 
 "japanning" for ordination, "Purest pure" for ladies at 
 the top of their profession as was Nancy Parsons herself, 
 " liquoring one's boots" for extreme unction. 
 
 (3) Tractatus varii de pulicibus. 
 
 This is a German book, printed about the end of the 
 seventeenth century. 
 
 The first part consists of the discussion of 46 questions, 
 e.g., " Anne Pulex paena capital! ob morsum possit affici ? " 
 " Anne Pulex foeminae nobilioris sit nobilior et mehoris con- 
 ditionis quam Pulex plebeiae ? " The second part is " Laus 
 
 * He found the word Trilby in Charles Nodier's Contes. 
 
 C 
 
i8 
 
 et defensio Pulicum " ; the third " Vituperium et damnatio 
 Puhcum " ; the fourth " Cortum versicale de Flois." The 
 book ends with an epitaph — 
 
 Pulchra Pulex tenerae penetrat dum membra puellae ; 
 
 Clamque subit niveum dente premente femur ; 
 Comprimitur digitis, et nigro clauditur Oreo : 
 
 Sed dedit hoc iUi Distichon alma Venus : 
 Mortuus hie jaceo, sed not hie mortuus ; ardens 
 Dum premor albenti polhce, vivo Pulex. 
 There is a delightful frontispiece of ladies hunting for the 
 pulex out of doors, in the kitchen, parlour, bedroom. 
 
 Diaries and commonplace books sometimes turn up at 
 sales and in catalogues, are often cheap, and are always of 
 interest. My two favourites cost me least. 
 
 (i) The first is a small note-book labelled " Pocock's 
 Dramatic Mems.", sold in Marylebone Lane for 
 half-a-crown. 
 
 I bought this because I thought the writer was one of the 
 Bristol family, and on examining the book found I was right. 
 It is a diary kept during the years 1833 and 1834 by Isaac 
 Pocock, the eldest son of Nicholas Pocock, the painter. He 
 was born in 1782, was a pupil of Romney, came into money in 
 1818, and from that year to his death in 1835 gave himself 
 up to the drama. 
 
 The diary opens with an account of the proceeds of " The 
 Ferry and the Mill," which was played from Oct. 21 to Nov. 
 II (except on Sundays and Tuesdays, when " Miss KeUy 
 appeared in the ' Maid and Magpie,' ") and for a few times 
 afterwards. He received £16 13s. 4d. for each of the first 
 nine performances, and £5 for each of the next ten, making a 
 total of ;£200. He received nothing for subsequent perfor- 
 mances. Mr. Bunn was slow in payment, and on Jan. 22, 
 when he brought the amount up to ^^150, " talked of a mis- 
 take about terms." The last £$0 was not paid until April. 
 
 There is little in the diary except references to the drama, 
 dramatic criticisms, and Mr. Bunn ; but all is interesting. 
 
19 
 
 The last entry is a list of plays which he wants to be put on, 
 one being " The child and her doll," which, " if not produced 
 soon. Miss Poole will be too old and the effect lost unless 
 another clever child turns up." 
 
 (2) Far more interesting to me than Pocock's Dramatic 
 Mems. is the weekly report book of the Rev. W. 
 Valentine, who was chaplain and house governor to 
 the London Hospital. Two volumes covering the 
 years 1826-1830 were knocked down to me at Puttick 
 and Simpson's for three shillings and sixpence. 
 Mr. Valentine appeals to me in many ways. He was a 
 parson, so am I. He was connected with the London Hospital 
 where I was a student for four or five happy years. As I 
 am, so was he, a collector, for on Nov. 27, 1827, he reports, 
 " During last week I was not a little alarmed for my Black 
 Letter riches, in consequence of an unusual degree of heat 
 through the wall where the flue of the Chapel and passage 
 stove passes in my Library." I can even recall enough of 
 my youthful curate days to understand his weakness in showing 
 decided preferences for those of the staff who were regular 
 at Chapel. It was this weakness which caused trouble, for 
 the diary of these years is full of two battles which he was 
 for ever fighting against the apothecary and the cook, both of 
 whom entirely neglected his ministrations. The diary un- 
 fortunately ends with the fate of the contests still undecided. 
 Some day I must revisit " The London," and ask the Secretary 
 to tell me the result. 
 
 In June, 1826, Mr. Valentine writes a long report of six 
 pages to the Committee who had been weak enough to sustain 
 an appeal of the cook against an order of his that the porters 
 should dine in the kitchen. The porters are mentioned in 
 subsequent entries as being regular at Chapel. The Com- 
 mittee, at the cook's request, had ordered that the porters 
 should dine in the outer kitchen, and in spite of the six pages 
 refuse to reverse their decision. One would think the porters 
 would have rather dined at a safe distance from the cook, 
 whom one of them described as being " more like a tigtr than 
 
20 
 
 a woman," but on July 4, Mr. Valentine once more pleads 
 for them " as being entitled to consideration and to be made 
 comfortable, but, now they are made exceedingly uncomfort- 
 able, and no single reason have I heard stated for the arrange- 
 ment which makes them so, except forsooth that a cook 
 requires a kitchen of 30 feet by 20 as a kind of whited sepul- 
 chre for herself alone." To this the Chairman adds a note, 
 " In order that silence may not be again construed into appro- 
 bation, I must object to the style of this as I have of some 
 former reports." 
 
 So long as there were no complaints about the cooking, 
 the Committee were probably wise in supporting the human 
 tigress in spite of her neglect of Chapel, and her unwillingness 
 to have the porters dining in her kitchen. But it seems 
 strange that they did not get rid of Mr, Valentine's other 
 enemy the apothecary. This official should have combined 
 the duties of a resident medical officer and a head dispenser: 
 But he neglected the dispensary, kept his books in an unin- 
 telligible manner, practised out of doors, kept late hours, 
 was sometimes out all night, and was frequently drunk. On 
 one occasion he is said to have been " in the pupils' rooms in 
 such a state as to allow the Pupils to smear butter over his 
 head under the pretence of suiting the action to the words, 
 which were in shape of professions of determination to stand 
 by him." Shortly afterwards, " the Patrol came to the 
 Hospital stating that the apothecary came to the gates of 
 the Hospital about two or three o'clock that morning in a 
 coach, and he being very intoxicated the coachman imposed 
 on him." Yet all the Committee did was to reprimand him 
 and raise his salary. 
 
 There are many entries in the report book which show 
 the enormous change which the last 70 years have brought 
 about in hospital life. 
 
 " In case of operation an additional woman shall be hired^ 
 till the Surgeon might deem haemorrhage no longer to be 
 apprehended." 
 
 " The expenditure of leeches, amounting to 4,800 in the 
 
21 
 
 last month, which at 12s. per hundred cost the Hospital 
 £28 i6s." 
 
 " Complaint has been made to me by the matron that an 
 altercation was occasioned in Charlotte ward between two 
 Patients, in consequence of one of them having stated that a 
 Pupil came into the ward at a late hour (about twelve at 
 night), and either sat or lay on the bed of the other patient. 
 She told, first, the nurse of the ward, who appeared to take 
 part with the accused party, and she having rather coarsely 
 designated this other patient for, as she supposed, encouraging 
 the Pupil, the nurse thought proper to taunt her with her 
 having received the sacrament. This patient has been in the 
 Hospital before, and on both occasions has conducted herself 
 with great propriety. The only fault appears to have been the 
 coarse term which she applied to the other Patient, but 
 which there is too much reason to fear she has in some degree 
 subjected herself." 
 
 " Finding the difficulty of obtaining creditable women for 
 assistant nurses, who can write, I have thought proper to 
 suggest that it would be better to relax from the plan re- 
 quiring all to write. It is found, that only the very refuse, 
 who can write, offer themselves for such situations, whereas of 
 those that cannot write, very creditable and suitable might 
 be obtained, and the possibility of danger may be 
 obviated, by requiring the nurse to get up, whenever 
 medicine is required to be given during the night, which is 
 found not to occur, on an average, more than once in a week, 
 in each ward. I have directed that the matron present one of 
 these assistants, who cannot write (hired last week), to the 
 Committee to-day, that they may have an opportunity of 
 judging of the persons refused under the present regulations 
 and to decide the question." 
 
 " But there are a great number of patients to whom 
 porter might be beneficial, tho' not so necessary as to justify 
 the medical gentlemen in putting the Hospital to the expense ; 
 but they themselves, or their friends might supply them. 
 The objection has been that porter would be improperly 
 
22 
 
 introduced to other patients, but this might be obviated by 
 tlie apothecary giving a ticket to such patients as might have 
 (a pint more or less) porter, and the assistant of the ward 
 getting it daily for them. ... I have made personal and 
 other enquiries at several of the Hospitals, and find that at St. 
 Thomas's the nurses are allowed to bring in porter for patients 
 who can ])uy it, and when not forbidden by medical men, 
 and it is ordered from whom the patients think proper." 
 
 " On Saturday a patient named Habfield, formerly a 
 grocer of Aldgate, was buried in the Hospital ground. On 
 Monday morning some wretches had disinterred the body, 
 but some of the patients saw them from the ward windows 
 (about 5 o'clock) and the fellows left the body in a sack 
 partially covered, in the ground to the horror and disgust of 
 all who saw it. The man was 76 years of age, and being in a 
 state of putrefaction the parts of the body which were exposed 
 through the broken sack, all the thighs and legs, were denuded 
 of the skin, and of course presented a shocking sight. Having 
 gone to see it, I directed the immediate reinterment." 
 
 Here, however, is an entry which is often found in Hospital 
 reports of to-day :— 
 
 " Potatoes very bad ; frequent complaints have been made 
 to the Contractor, but no remedy." 
 
 I have a few old prints of the Hospital, also " An account 
 of the rise, progress, and state of the London-Hospital, or 
 Infirmary ; . . . from the first institution on the 3d of 
 November, 1740, to the 17th of March, 1750-51 inclusive." 
 This document has, at its head, an engraving after Hogarth. 
 The expense of maintenance from March, 1750, to March, 
 1751, was ;^3,o63 14s. 6d. I have also " Rules and orders 
 for the London-Hospital, as reviewed, enlarged, and confirmed 
 by a General Quarterly Court, held the 15th of December, 
 1756." This last pamphlet sheds much light on many of the 
 entries in Mr. Valentine's report books. The full diet for 
 patients in 1756 included " three pints of beer in summer, 
 one quart in winter " ; middle diet, " i pint of beer " ; low 
 diet, " no beer." Jews were " to be allowed two-pence 
 
23 
 
 half -penny per day in lieu of meat or broth, but to receive 
 bread and beer like the other Patients, according to the diet 
 they are on." 
 
 I have collected engravings in only a very small way. 
 At one time I collected the different prints of Nelly O'Brien, 
 and later those of Kitty Fisher. I was much in love with 
 these ladies, and one of my deepest regrets was faiUng to buy 
 a charming letter from Nelly to one of her lovers which came 
 up for sale at Sotheby's some years ago. I even meditated 
 writing their lives and collected some material, but just at 
 that time some rare editions of Marcus Aurelius and Epictetus 
 fell in my way and revived my old love for them; The 
 Stoics conquered the ladies. 
 
 I should much like to see the old fashion of engraving 
 the portraits of famous beauties flourish again. Why do 
 not ladies insist on being etched or engraved instead of being 
 photographed ? To get engraved was the effort in old days.- 
 " She never yet had the pleasure of seeing herself in the 
 Print-Shop, and how to procure that honour, and fix a more 
 general attention on her accomplishments was the question."* 
 Perhaps Helleu will set the fashion. 
 
 The only other prints I have collected are views of Guy's 
 Hospital, which I bought for my sister, and of Fountains 
 Abbey; A list of books and prints relating to this Abbey are 
 in an Appendix. . . 
 
 * Memoirs of an embroidered waistcoat, 1751. Vol II., 14. 
 
CHAPTER VII: 
 Crime. 
 
 Gaols and executions have always had a terrifying fascina- 
 tion for me. Once, in my childhood, a seaside holiday was 
 shadowed throughout by the fact that the steamer which was 
 to bring me home would pass the city prison. In my dreams 
 I have been hanged hundreds of times and have often played 
 the part of hangman. This fascination is responsible, I 
 suppose, for some of the ghastly rehcs in my collection. 
 
 It is astonishing that capital punishment still exists in 
 England ; it is still more astonishing that men can be found 
 to undertake the loathsome office of hangmen. Yet men can 
 be found who take a pleasure and even a pride in the business. 
 One in modern times, disparaging the talents of his pre- 
 decessor as compared with his own, was wont to say, " He 
 hanged them, I execute them." Still as boiling, in the case 
 of women murdering their husbands and servants murdering 
 their mistresses, gave way to burning, and burning to strang- 
 ling followed by burning, and this to simple hanging, so 
 inevitably capital punishment will be swept away. 
 
 I do not know when the law first allowed a woman, sen- 
 tenced to the fire, to be first strangled, but it was certainly as 
 early as 1726 when we read of the executioner failing to 
 strangle Catherine Hayes on account of the fire burning his 
 hand. Yet as late as 1776 a judge named Sir Henry Gould 
 seemed to regret the mitigation. In sentencing a woman at 
 York for aiding and abetting in the murder of her husband, 
 after a few introductory remarks, he proceeded : " The law 
 of man, consistent with that of the gospel, has determined, 
 that there is a submission due from the wife to her husband, 
 and a degree of subordination the husband has over the wife, 
 therefore constitutes a degree of allegiance from the wife to 
 
 24 
 
25 
 
 her husband, as her head, which, if she transgresses, is called 
 by the law, a small, or light degree of treason. 
 
 " For this offence, and in order to deter women from break- 
 ing their marriage vows (and from the evidence we have heard 
 given, you have done), the law has stamped a punishment 
 full of ignominy upon such offenders. 
 
 " The sentence which the law obliges me to pass upon you, 
 is. That you, Elizabeth Boardingham, shall be led from this 
 to the gaol from whence you came, and from thence upon 
 Wednesday next, you shall be drawn upon a hurdle to the 
 place of execution, and there you are to be burnt with fire till 
 you are dead, and your body consumed to ashes. There is 
 nevertheless, such a spirit of lenity in the common law of this 
 country, tho' this is the sentence you have received, and, for 
 my own part^ do not believe that sentence could ever be more 
 properly executed in the strict letter thereof, than upon you, 
 however severe the punishment is, that you, who have been 
 found guilty of a crime of the greatest magnitude, are con- 
 demned to undergo, the law has allowed some mitigation : 
 You are first to be strangled at a stake, and then to be burnt 
 with fire. You have reason to admire the excellency of that 
 constitution by which you have been tried and found guilty." 
 
 It is difficult to see what EUzabeth had to " admire " or 
 to discover the " spirit of lenity in the common law " which 
 for loi years after this date condemned men, women, and 
 children to capital punishment for small thefts.* Davey in 
 his " Pageant of London," states that Christine Murphy, 
 strangled on March i8, 1789, was the last woman whose body 
 was burnt in London. 
 
 As an undergraduate I had the privilege of many walks 
 with Canon Liddon, On one of these he poured out his 
 indignation on the bench of Bishops who had been doing some- 
 
 * In Scotland capital punishment was inflicted for very slight 
 offences against morality. In 1630 Alexander Blair was beheaded for 
 living with his first wife's half-brother's daughter." In 1705 one 
 Drysdale was banished for life for cohabiting once only with Barbara 
 Tannahill, his deceased wife's sister. Barbara herself was hanged. 
 
36 
 
 thing useless or pernicious in the House of Lords. " Why 
 don't they do something useful," he said to me, " such as 
 introducing a more humane method for the execution of 
 criminals." As a young man he had attended a murderer on 
 the scaffold at Bristol, and he never forgot the scene. The 
 present method has led to horrid spectacles, even in the last 
 50 years ; but when capital punishment was inflicted for theft 
 the accidents in carrying it out were so numerous as to 
 hardly receive any public notice. When twenty people were 
 hanged at one time at Tyburn, it was to be expected that 
 such would occur. Even if there was no accident, the cere- 
 mony must have been tedious ; and I much admire the man 
 who, weary of waiting, hanged himself in his cart while his 
 fellow sufferers were being prepared. But he created a 
 scandal at the time by his unseemly conduct. 
 
 Friends were allowed to assist in the execution by pulling 
 the legs of the culprits, and doubtless often made only a 
 pretence of this while in reality they supported the body in 
 the hope of resuscitation as soon as it was in their possession. 
 For the body was handed over to friends on the payment of 
 15s. 6d. to the hangman. I have in my collection a formal 
 receipt given at a later period when executions took place at 
 Newgate. 
 
 Silvester. 
 
 1813. s. d. 
 
 Nov. 16. Executioner Fees . . . . 76 
 
 Stripping the body . . . . 46 
 
 Use of Shell . . . . . . 36 
 
 15 6 
 
 Reed, of Mr. 
 
 Chas. Gale. 
 
 John Sylvester, aged 21, was hanged for extorting £5 from 
 Richard Gunning, a hatter of Oxford Street, in Millhill Mews 
 on the evening of June 20. 
 
27 
 
 In the i8th century when criminals were brought to life, 
 they were usually transported. I have an engraving of 
 William Duell, aged i6, who revived after execution, and 
 references to many others who had a similar experience. But 
 in early days they were strung up again without hesitation. 
 In the register of St. George's Church, Southwark, 1610, is the 
 entry, " Michael Banks, out of King's Bench Prison. Executed. 
 Did revive again. Was in the vestry three hours, and was 
 then carried back and executed again." I have a little book 
 called " A murderer punished and pardoned," which relates 
 " the wicked life and shameful-happy death of Thomas 
 Savage," who was hanged on Oct. 28, 1668, at the age of 15, 
 for killing his fellow- servant. " After he was turned off the 
 cart he struggled for a while, heaving up his body, which a 
 young man (his friend) seeing, to put him quickly out of his 
 pain, struck him with all his might on the breast several times 
 together, then no motion was perceived in him, and hanging 
 some considerable time after that, . . . the Sheriff 
 commanded him to be cut down. . . ; Layed upon a 
 Table, unto the astonishment of the beholders, he began to 
 stir and breathe. . . . But his reviving being known, 
 within four hours the officers came to the house where he was, 
 and conveyed him to the place of execution again, and hung 
 him up again, until he was quite dead, whence he was con- 
 veyed by his mourning friends to Islington, where he now 
 sleepeth in the bed of his grave, until the morning of the 
 Resurrection, from whence though buried in dishonour, he 
 will then be raised in glory." 
 
 The classic instance, of course, is that of Anne Greene, 
 aged 22, who was hanged at Oxford in 165 1. The narrative 
 is to be found in " Newes from the Dead," a pamphlet written 
 by Richard Watkins, of Christ Church, and of which there 
 were at least two editions. To the story are added English 
 and Latin " poems casually written upon that subject." 
 Christopher Wren and Anthony a Wood are among the poets. 
 " She was turned off the Ladder, hanging by the neck for the 
 space of almost half-an-houre, some of her friends in the mean 
 
28 
 
 time thumping her on the breast, others hanging with all 
 their weight upon her legges ; sometimes hfting her up, and 
 then pulhng her downe againe with a suddaine jerke, thereby 
 the sooner to dispatch her out of her paine, insomuch that 
 the Under-Sheriffe fearing lest thereby they should breake 
 the rope, forebad them to do so any longer. At length when 
 every one thought she was dead, the body being taken downe, 
 and put into a coffin, was carried thence into a private house, 
 where some Physicians had appointed to make a Dissection; 
 The coffin being opened, she was observed to breath, and in 
 breathing (the passage of her throat being streightened) ob- 
 scurely to ruttle ; which being perceived by a lusty fellow 
 that stood by, he (thinking to do an act of charity in ridding 
 her out of the small reliques of a painfull life) stamped severall 
 times on her breast and stomack with all the force he could. 
 Immediately after, there came in Dr. Petty, our Anatomy- 
 Professor, and Mr. Thomas Willis, of Christ- Church, at whose 
 comming, which was about 9 a clock in the morning, she yet 
 persisted to ruttle as before, laying all this while stretched out 
 in the coffin in a cold roome and season of the yeare. They 
 perceiving some life in her, as well for humanity as their 
 Profession-sake, fell presently to act in order to her recovery. 
 : . . Whilst the Physicians were thus busie in recovering 
 her to life, the undersheriffe was solliciting the Governor and 
 the rest of the Justices of Peace for the obtaining her reprieve, 
 that in case she should for that present be recovered fully to 
 life, shee might not bee had backe againe to execution. 
 Whereupon those worthy gentlemen, considering what had 
 happened, weighing all circumstances, they readily appre- 
 hended the hand of God in her preservation, and being willing 
 rather to co-operate with divine providence in saving her, 
 than to overstriene justice by condemning her to double 
 shame and sufferings, they were pleased to grant her a re- 
 preive untill such time as her pardon might be compleatly 
 obtained." Ultimately Anne Greene " had liberty to re- 
 paire (and is since gone) unto her friends in the Country ; 
 taking with her the Coffin wherein she lay, as a Trophey of this 
 
29 
 
 her wonderfull preservation." The whole pamphlet is in- 
 teresting. 
 
 As was mentioned above, the bodies of criminals were 
 handed over to their friends on payment of fees. If these 
 were not forthcoming the hangman sold the bodies to surgeonss 
 According to "An accurate description of Newgate," by 
 B; L., 1729, the price varied from ten shillings to half-a-crown: 
 In 1752, Surgeon's Hall was built for the purpose of dissection, 
 which was sometimes ordered as part of the sentence, and 
 which was apparently carried on in pubUc, for in the Annual 
 Register for 1785 (April 13), there is mention of a murderer 
 who was much shocked at the idea of dissection. " The 
 horrid spectacle he had seen there of several murderers, from 
 time to time, made a deep impression upon his mind." 
 
 Several attempts have been made to utihze condemned 
 criminals for surgical experiments, but all seem to have 
 failed. In 1731, Charles Ray was reprieved on condition 
 that Cheselden should perforate the drum of his ear to find 
 out whether the perforation would cause deafness. Un- 
 fortunately, the man fell ill of a fever before the operation, 
 and the public became so excited that the experiment was 
 stopped. In 1763, a man was reprieved on condition of per- 
 mitting his leg to be cut off and a new styptic tried upon it. 
 This man was inconsiderate enough to die before the trial 
 could be made. In 1767, John Benham was reprieved for a 
 similar purpose, as was imagined, but when Mr. Pierce, who 
 had prepared a new styptic, waited upon the Secretary of 
 State to find whether he might experiment, he was told that 
 the intention was entirely laid aside. His Majesty being of 
 opinion that it was quite improper to try such experiment. 
 
 Distinguished murderers were honoured by having their 
 skins tanned and distributed. I have a piece of the skin of 
 Burke which was once in a museum at Distington. Accord- 
 ing to Baring Gould* this was " a favourite Yorkshire 
 custom." In the museum of the Bristol Royal Infirmary is 
 
 * Yorkshire Oddities, II., 271. 
 
30 
 
 a book bound with'the tanned skin of John Horwood, a lad of 
 i8, who was hanged for murder in 1821. In the Athenaeum 
 at Bury St. Edmunds is one bound with the skin of WiUiam 
 Corder, who was hanged in 1828. The fame of this latter 
 worthy is commemorated by a Staffordshire figure of the 
 Red Barn, which was the scene of the murder. 
 
 Other murderers were honoured by medals. I have one 
 of James Blomfield Bird, who murdered the Jeremy's in 1848, 
 and two of I. Curtis, who was executed for the murder of a 
 Jew named Wolf Myers, near Sarum, in 1768. Curtis " denied 
 the fact to the last, though carried round the pit where the 
 dead body was found," before being hanged. The larger 
 medal, two inches in diameter, gives a representation of the 
 pit ; the smaller one, which is a half-penny smoothed and 
 engraved, depicts Curtis hanging in chains. 
 
 Sarah Malcolm, hanged in 1733, seems to be the only 
 murderer who was honoured by a Whieldon plaque. 
 
 The Chaplain of Newgate regularly issued an account of 
 the behaviour, confession, and dying words of condemned 
 criminals. According to "An accurate description of New- 
 gate " his salary was very meagre, and as he received no dues, 
 this was his only method of adding to it. The earliest I have 
 ever possessed was issued in 1738, and gives an account of 18 
 criminals, of whom five, one " a little girl, convicted of steal- 
 ing money," were reprieved, the other 13 were hanged together 
 at Tyburn. Four were women, two only 20 years of age, 
 convicted of stealing ; one of the others had murdered her 
 new-born baby. She was the only one of the 13 who had 
 committed a more serious offence than robbery. The Chap- 
 lain says of each, with hardly any variation in the words, 
 " He begged pardon of God and man ; believed in Christ, 
 and died in peace with all the world." 
 
 Similar accounts have been published up to modern times, 
 though not by prison Chaplains. I have a curious reference 
 to this in a letter written by a Joseph Jackson the day before 
 he was hanged. " My brother will call upon you and give 
 you every information in his power relative to my life, etc., 
 
31 
 
 on Monday. He can only give you a dry detail of facts. To 
 you I trust for the embellishment of style and illustration of 
 character." He and Thomas Bucknell were hanged for 
 forgery on July 26, 1804, after an ineffectual attempt to 
 poison themselves. 
 
 I possess an article which is said to be a talisman against 
 being hanged. It is about three inches high, and consists of 
 a man hanging from a tree on which is perched an owl. In 
 a httle drawer beneath is the strand of a rope with which a 
 man had been hanged. 
 
 I have some autograph letters and documents, including 
 one from Sanson, the French executioner, dated 1780, which 
 refers to his sending one of his brothers to perform an execu- 
 tion in the country. But the most interesting is a bill of the 
 public whipper, in 1767, which I give in full; 
 
 Aprill Sessions, 1767. 
 Horsehiring, May the 4th . . . . ..£076 
 
 For whipping of George Cane at Isleworth o 10 o 
 For whipping of EUzabeth Fletcher ..050 
 For whipping of George Cane at Isleworth o 10 o 
 
 June Sessions. 
 For whipping of Sarah Johnson . . ..050 
 
 For whipping of Ann Eaton . . ..050 
 
 For whipping of Timothy McCarthy ffrom 
 one end of the Haymarkett to the 
 other end . . . . . . ..050 
 
 For whipping of Mary DoUey, from Caven- 
 dish Square to Duke Street, Tyburn 
 Road . . . . . . . . . . o 10 o 
 
 Horsehiring, June the loth . . ..076 
 
 For whipping of Abraham Johnson, ffrom 
 Mile End Turnpike to London Hos- 
 pital] . . . . . . . . . . o 10 o 
 
 For whipping of Jane Hodgcom, ffrom one 
 end of Nightingale Lane to the other 
 end .. .. .. .. ..050 
 
 For a Quarter's wages due at Midsummer 2 10 o 
 
 £6 10 o 
 
32 
 
 Reed, June the 30th, 1767, of the Sheriff of Middlesex, 
 the sum of six pounds ten shilUngs by the Hand of Mr. George 
 Search in full of all Demands. 
 
 Thomas Turlis. 
 £6 10 
 
 CHAPTER VIII; 
 
 Religious Objects- Egyptian Antiquities. 
 
 I HAVE always disliked collecting any articles connected with 
 the Christian religion, and have only two reliquaries, an old 
 Spanish one of gold,, with the relic still inside it, and a carved 
 wooden one in a gold mount said to have come from the sack 
 of the Tuileries. 
 
 Of ancient Hindu gods I once had a large number, having 
 bought many from the first part of the Gennoo-Hodges collec- 
 tion and still more from the second part which was privately 
 sold. But the interest in them has gradually faded till even 
 the names of the deities has been almost forgotten. I have, 
 however, kept 28 lustral spoons and a number of Ganeshas 
 which are supposed to bring good luck. 
 
 Buddhas I once collected with great vigour, but the names 
 and attributes of the rarer varieties were so hard to remember 
 that I gave up the pursuit in despair. There are still about 
 100 in my possession. 
 
 A ju-ju nail from Benin, used for crucifixion, may perhaps 
 be classed as a religious object. 
 
 I have a few Egyptian gods, and it was from the purchase 
 of these that I was led to collect Egyptian antiquities generally. 
 I have confined myself to small objects, and most of them are 
 of the i8th dynasty^ which is dear to me on account of the 
 heresy of one of its kings, Amenhetep IV. 
 
33 
 
 Aahmes. 
 I have a silver ring with the name of Aahmes-nefertari, 
 who was the sister and wife of this king, the founder of the 
 dynasty. It was found near the banks of the Nile where her 
 body was left without examination for over four years. The 
 ring is clearly not a forgery, but it may not have been the 
 queen's own ring, as she was worshipped for centuries as the 
 foundress of her dynasty. 
 
 Amenhetep I. 
 A scarab with the name, and another with his prenomenj 
 Zeser-ka-ra ; both white. 
 
 Thothmes I. 
 Two green scarabs, both well engraved, with his pre- 
 nomen, Aa-kheper-ka-ra. 
 
 Thothmes II; 
 Nils 
 
 Thothmes III. 
 A large scarab and one mounted on a ring, both with the 
 prenomen Men-kheper-ra. These are too common to be 
 worth collecting: 
 
 Amenhetep II; 
 A very fine scarab with his name ; also a plaque, a scarab, 
 and a piece of alabaster, each with his prenomen Aa-kheperu-ra. 
 
 Thothmes IV. 
 A scarab mounted on a ring with the prenomen Men- 
 kheperu-ra. 
 
 Amenhetep III. 
 A scarab, a mould for casting the bezel of rings, a plaque 
 with head of Sphinx, each with his name. A green pottery 
 ring with the prenomen, Neb-maat-ra. Also the bezels of 
 two green pottery rings, one with the name^ the other with 
 the prenomen. On the bezel of a blue pottery ring is " the 
 royal wife Thiy," the wife of this king. 
 
 D 
 
34 
 
 Amenhetep IV 
 A bronze ring with the prenomen, Neier-khepeni-ra ; a 
 plaque with the name on one side and the prenomen on the 
 other ; a scarab, a blue pottery ring, and the bezel of a purple 
 pottery ring, with the prenomen ; the bezel of a purple 
 pottery ring with the name Akh-en-aten. 
 
 Ankh-kheperu-ra. 
 The bezel of a blue pottery ring. This king is said to have 
 married Mert-aten, the eldest daughter of Amenhetep IV: 
 (Ward's Sacred Beetle, 73.) 
 
 TUT-ANKH-AMEN. 
 
 A blue pottery ring with his prenomen Neb-kheperu-ra ; 
 two finely cut scarabs of Amen-ankh-nes, his wife, a daughter 
 of Amenhetep IV. 
 
 HOR-EM-HEB. 
 
 A scarab and a white pottery ring, each with his prenomen, 
 Zeser-khepeu-ra. 
 
 Ay. 
 
 Four pottery rings, two with " the divine father Ay," 
 two with his prenomen, Kheper-kheperu-ra ar maat. 
 
 This is of course a scanty collection of objects connected 
 with the i8th dynasty, but it gives me much pleasure and 
 after all is not absolutely contemptible. 
 
 I have four other articles with royal names. 
 
 (i) A scarab, with the prenomen, Kheper-ka-ra, of Usert- 
 sen I of the 12th dynasty. 
 
 (2) A scarab, with the prenomen, Ne-maat-ra, of Amen- 
 em-hat III of the 12th dynasty. 
 
 (3) A scaraby with the prenomen, Aa-user-ra, of Apepy I 
 of the i6th dynasty; 
 
 (4) A blue pottery ring of Rameses II of the 19th dynasty. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 Calendars. Tokens. Clocks. Past Collections. 
 
 If any one wants to make a collection which will never be 
 finally closed, which will be inexpensive, and which will make 
 the excuse which shy men sometimes need for ransacking a 
 dealer's shop, let him collect the circular metal calendars 
 which served as diaries in old da^'s. Coin dealers charge from 
 a shilling up for them ; other dealers are apt to fix a much 
 higher price. Some modern firms have issued them of late 
 years as advertisements. The earliest known specimen is 
 1684, one of 1698 is in silver, all between 1700 and 1750 are 
 rare. My earliest are 1716, 1718, and 1728. I have French 
 ones of 1776 and 1779. 
 
 The following are the makers of those which I have 
 collected. 
 
 A. Buckley, 1716. 
 
 John West, 1728. 
 
 T. Turner, fee, 1743. 
 
 John Powell, Birmingham, 1749 to 1781. 
 
 James (sometimes written Jas.) Davies, Birming- 
 ham, 1782 to 1799. 
 
 Char^- Twigg, Birmingham, 1795. ^^^ g^,j ,^-) 
 
 P. Kempson, Birmingham, 1796 to iSoi; 
 
 Kempson & Kindon, Birm., 1802-1809. 
 
 Kempson & Son, Birmingham, 1816-1826. 
 
 T. Halliday, fecit, Birmingham, 1827. 
 
 T. W, Ingram, 131, Snow Hill, Birmingham, 1827. 
 The calendars are usually of bronze. I have seen 1801, 
 1806, and 1807 in pewter. 
 
 I have two medals, one by T. W. Ingram, the other by I. 
 Ottley of Birmingham, which give the distance of various 
 
 35 
 
36 
 
 places from London. On one side are the chief towns, on the 
 other the Universities and " bathing places." 
 
 A hundred years ago, when letter writing was a difficulty, 
 a man often committed his sentiments to a coin after smooth- 
 ing away the original inscription. There is a sameness in the 
 thoughts expressed which makes the collection a little mono- 
 tonous. 
 
 " Dear wife, when this you see 
 Remember me when I am in a foreign Country, 
 James Skillern." 
 
 " Mary Kelley 
 This comes from a Friend 
 Whose love for you shall never end: 
 John Doubleday." 
 
 " Dear Mary Ann 
 Accept of this as a token of love from your affectionate 
 
 JO." 
 On the reverse is JO. in a heart with the words " My heart is 
 with you." 
 
 " Remember me when far away 
 
 I journey thro' the world's wide waste, 
 Remember me at early day . 
 
 Or when the evening shadows haste." 
 On the reverse is a ship, and underneath it 
 
 " Dear Mary accept this token of respect 
 
 from a friend whose Love for thee shall 
 
 never end. William Griffiths, Newcastle." 
 
 " I love one and only one 
 •^'^^ That only one his {sic) thee, 
 
 Do thou love one and only one 
 
 Let that only one be me. 
 H.Barton. B. Wadington." 
 
37 
 
 " Absence ne'er parts 
 Two constant hearts. 
 H.D. S.O., 1774." 
 
 In addition to the inscriptions many have hearts, doves, 
 portraits, farm-houses, carved on them. 
 
 I have only one carved by a lady. Two doves and a 
 heart pierced by two arrows have beneath, 
 " From Mary Mott 
 Forget me not, 1826." 
 On the reverse are two names, Charles Hudson and H. Wood. 
 
 A puzzHng one has a crown with G.R., 1781, and round it 
 *' Mary Bisard, 12 months Fine, January 22." On the reverse 
 a crown with G.R., a heart pierced with two arrows, and the 
 words " Love True." Round it " Samuel Ford, 6 month's 
 Fine, 1781." 
 
 Many are done by apprentices, who have recorded the date 
 of their being bound, 
 
 " Timothy Blake Bound Augt. 7, 1771." 
 
 One man has recorded an event which most people pre- 
 fer to forget — 
 
 " John Palmer aged 18 years 
 in prison 3 months, 1820." 
 
 On many are election cries and trade advertisements, 
 though it is difficult to see how a sufficient number could be 
 carved to make them of any real service. 
 
 " Spence's plan. Small farms and full bellies." 
 
 " Blunt, operator for the teeth and bleeder, Great Wind- 
 mill Street, near Brewer Street, Golden Square." 
 
 Some are religious. One has the Crucifixion on it, another 
 the Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer. 
 
 I forget how many grandfather clocks I once possessed. 
 Many are sold and others went as wedding presents, but there 
 are seven still left. 1 have also three very tine bracket clocks ; 
 two lantern clocks, one dated 1681, with a side escapement ; 
 two German clocks working on a rack, which only have to be 
 pushed up to keep going ; a table clock and a few others. 
 
38 
 
 A few fire strikers (one of old Russian work in gold), wool- 
 winders, split-rings, paper-weights, theatre passes, tobacco 
 stoppers, nutcrackers, puzzle-boxes, Japanese sword guards 
 exist as the beginnings of collections, never pursued with 
 vigour. 
 
 Some things I have almost forgotten. Once the rage was 
 for Bristol porcelain, which lasted until I had written a history 
 of the factory as a preface to Mr. Alfred Trapnell's catalogue, 
 and then all interest seemed suddenly to fade. At another 
 time the walls of the drawing room were covered with toasting- 
 forks, of which a large number were bought from one dealer who 
 killed his goose by offering me a fork with a curiously early 
 date. This brought suspicion on the whole collection, and 
 they were sold at once. 
 
 I once had Cardinal Wolsey's hat in my possession, while 
 a subscription was raised to buy it. If I had realized at the 
 time of the sale how much it would have been valued I would 
 have bought and given it to the House, but it was sold and 
 resold at a much higher price before I could get hold of it, and 
 then it seemed too expensive a gift. Some years after I tried 
 to make up for my meanness by presenting a manuscript con- 
 taining a Hst of Wolsey's household. 
 
 There must have been many other things which are quite 
 forgotten, and there are doubtless many more yet to come. 
 One tires of collections but never of collecting. 
 
APPENDIX A. 
 
 COOKERY BOOKS. 
 
 Bod. — Bodleian Library. 
 B. M. — British Museum. 
 C. — Cambridge Library. 
 P. — Patent Office Library. 
 
 39 
 
I. 
 
 English books on Cookery and Carving 
 up to the year 1699. 
 
 A NOBLE BOOKE OF FEASTES ROYALL 
 
 Printed by John Byddell. 
 
 THIS IS THE BOKE OF COKERY 
 Printed by Richard Pynson. 
 
 A LITTLE OLDE B06KE OF COOKERIE 
 Printed by Anthony Kytson. 
 
 A NEWE BOKE OF COKERY 
 
 Printed by Thomas Raynald. 
 
 Of these four books no copy seems known. 
 
 HERE BEGYNNETH THE BOKE OF KERVYNGE. 
 
 C. 
 
 4° ; A with 6 leaves, B with 6. Colophon is " Here endeth the boke of 
 servyce and kervynge and sewynge and all maner of offyce in his 
 kynde unto a prynce or ony other estate and all the feestes in the yere. 
 Emprynted by Wynkyn de Worde at London in the Fletestrete at the 
 sygne of the sonne. The yere of our lorde, M,CCCCC,VIII." Below 
 this is Wynkyn de Worde's device. There is an illustration of a family 
 at table below the title. Black Letter. 
 
 THE BOKE OF KERVYNGE. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 4° ; A with 6 leaves, B with 6. Colophon is " Here endeth the boke 
 of servyce and kervynge and sewynge and all maner of offyce in his 
 kynde unto a prynce or ony other estate and all the feestes in the 
 yere. Emprynted by Wynkyn de Worde at London in Flete strete 
 at the synge of the sonne. The yere of our lorde god, MCCCCCXIIL" 
 
 40 
 
41 
 
 Below this is Wynkyn de Worde's device. There is an illustration 
 of a family at table on the title-page. Title is in a ribbon. Black letter. 
 
 THE BOOKE OF CARVYNG. 
 
 Imprinted at London, by Abraham Veale dwelling in Poules 
 Churchyarde, at the signe of the Lambe. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12°; A to C in eights. Device of a bird on title-page. No date. 
 Black letter. 
 
 THE TREASURE OF POORE MEN. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 There is very little relating to cookery in this book. The title-page, 
 within borders, is " Here begynneth a good Boke of Medycynes : called 
 the Treasure of poore Men." Colophon is " Imprynted at London in 
 Paules churche yearde, at the sygne of the Maydens heed : by Thomas 
 Petyt, MDXXXIX." 
 
 12° ; 4 leaves, then A to F4 in eights. Table of contents, 44 leaves. 
 Black letter. 
 
 Another copy in the B.M., identical as regards title-page and contents, 
 has colophon, " Here endeth this boke of Medecynes called the Treasure 
 of pore men. Imprynted at London in Fletestrete by me Robert 
 Redman dwellyng at the sygne of the George nexte to saynte Dunstons 
 Curche. The yere of our Lorde MCCCCCXXXIX. The XXIII I 
 day of Janiver." The printer's initials, E. R. (?) for Elizabeth Redman 
 are in a device at end. 
 
 THE CASTEL OF HELTHE, 
 
 gathered, and made by Sir Thomas Elyot knight, out of the 
 chief authors of Phisyke, whereby every man may knowe the 
 state of his owne body, the preservation of helthe, and how 
 to instruct well his phisition in sickncs, that he be not 
 deceyved. MDXXXIX. 
 
 Lambeth Palace. 
 
 There is very little relating to cookery in this book. A with 4 leaves, 
 B with 4, then A to Y in fours, followed by Y5 and another leaf. 
 Title in borders. Black letter. The colophon is " Londini in acdibus 
 Thomae Bertheleti typis impress. Cum privilegio ad imprimendum 
 solum Anno MDXXXIX." 
 The British Museum has no edition earlier than 1541. 
 
42 
 
 A PROPER NEWE BOOKE OF COKERYE, 
 declarynge what maner of meates be beste in season, for al 
 times in the yere, and how they ought to be dressed, and 
 served at the table, both for fleshe dayes, and fyshe dayes. 
 With a newe addition, verye necessarye for all them that 
 delyghteth in Cokerye. 
 
 Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. 
 
 12° ; A to B in eights, Bs blank. Black letter. No date. Device 
 
 of man with hawk beneath title and after colophon. Colophon is 
 
 " Imprynted at London, in Credc Lane, by John Kynge, and Thomas 
 
 Marche." 
 
 Watt gives an edition of 1546 by Richard Lant. 
 
 1575. Imprinted at London in Fleetstreete, by William How 
 
 for Abraham Veale. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12°; A to B in eights. Black letter. Title in border. 
 
 Anno domini 1576. 
 
 B. M. 
 12°; A to B in eights. Black letter. Colophon is " Imprinted at 
 London for Antony Rytson." 
 
 Here foloweth A COMPEDYOUS REGYMENT OR A 
 
 DYETARY OF HELTH, made in Montpylior : 
 
 compiled by Andrewe Boorde, of Physicke Doctor. 
 
 Colophon is, " Imprynted by me Robert Wyer : Dwellynge 
 
 at the synge of seynt John Evangelyst in S. Martyns Par y she, 
 
 besyde Charynge Crosse. Cum privilegio ad imprimendum 
 
 solum." 
 
 C. B. M. 
 
 Small 4° ; A to Q in fours ; title in border ; table of contents at be- 
 ginning ; black letter ; a device on title-page of a man and stars. 
 Anno Domini, MDLXII, XII Die Mensis Januarii. 
 Colophon is " Imprinted be me Thomas Colwell, Dwellynge 
 in the house of Robert Wyer, at the Synge of S. John Evan- 
 gelyst, besyde Charynge Crosse." 
 
 C. B. M. Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to H in eights ; table of contents ; black letter ; device on 
 title-page of man and stars. 
 
43 
 
 Newly corrected and imprynted with dyvers addycyons. 
 
 Dedycated to the Armypotent and valyent Lorde Thomas 
 
 Duke of Northfolke. 
 
 Colophon is " Imprynted at London in Fletestrete at the 
 
 synge of the George nexte to Saynte Dunstones church by 
 
 Wyllyam Powell. In the yere of our Lorde god M, CCCCC, 
 
 LXVII. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Small 4° ; 4 leaves, then A to I in fours, I having 6 leaves. The 
 dedication is dated M.CCCCC.XLVII. It is followed by table of 
 contents. Black letter. There is a device on title-page of fruit on 
 a dish, and another at end of table. Furnivall thinks the date 1567 
 is an error for 1547, but there are many arguments against this view. 
 
 THE TREASURIE OF COMMODIOUS CONCEITES, 
 AND HIDDEN SECRETS. 
 
 Commonly called The Good Huswives Closet of provision for 
 the health of her houshold. 
 
 Meete and necessarie for the profitable use of all estatesj 
 gathered out of sundry Experiments lately practised by men 
 
 of great knowledge. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 This copy has lost its title-page, but the colophon is " These Bookes 
 are to be sould at the West ende of Paules Church : By Richard Jones, 
 the Printer hereof, 1573." 
 
 12° ; probably A with 4 leaves, B to G4 in eights, but F and G are 
 both imperfect. The book begins with two laudatory poems by 
 Thomas Curteyse and Thomas Blanck, table of contents, and poem 
 signed J. P. Black letter. The headline is " The Treasury or Closet 
 of hidden Secrets. 
 
 And now the fourth tyme corrected and inlarged, with divers 
 necessary and new additions. 
 
 At London, printed by Richard Jones : dwelling at the signe 
 of the Rose and Crowne, neere Holbourne Bridge, 1584. 
 
 B. M. 
 12° ; A to F4 in eights ; poetical preface, dedication, poem signed 
 J. P., receipts, table of contents. Black letter. The head-line is 
 " The Closet or Treasurie of hidden secrets." 
 At London, printed for Henrye Car, Anno 1586. 
 
/ 44 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12" ; A to F4 in eights. The name John Partridge is given in the 
 dedication. Black letter. Title in border. 
 
 London, printed by Richard Jones, at the Rose and Crowne 
 
 neere Holborne bridge, 1591. 
 
 Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to F in eights. Black letter. 
 
 The book next appears as a quarto with a somewhat different 
 title : 
 
 THE TREASURIE OF HIDDEN SECRETS. 
 
 CommonUe called, The good-huswives Closet of provision, for 
 
 the health of her Houshold. 
 
 Gathered out of sundry experiments, lately practised by men 
 
 of great knowledge : And now newly enlarged, with divers 
 
 necessary Phisicke helpes, and knowledge of the names and 
 
 natural! disposition of diseases, that most commonly happen 
 
 to men and women. 
 
 Not impertinent for every good Huswife to use in her house, 
 
 amongst her owne familie. 
 
 At London, printed by J. R. for Edward White, and are to be 
 
 sold at his shop at the httle North doore of Paules, at the signe 
 
 of the Gunne, 1600. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to I in fours ; preface, poem, receipts, table of contents. Black 
 letter. There is a device on title-page with Gnosce te ipsum, Ne quid 
 nimis. Love and Lyve. 
 
 London, printed for E. B. and R. B., and are to be sold at the 
 
 signe of the Bible in Cheap-side, 1627. 
 
 A. W. 0. 
 
 A to I in fours ; preface, poem, receipts, table of contents. Black 
 letter. There is a device on title-page of two mythical figures with 
 fruit and flowers. A half-title under border on D3. 
 
 London, printed by Elizabeth All-de, dwelling neere Christs- 
 
 Church, 1633. 
 
 C. 
 
 A to I in fours ; preface, poem, receipts, table of contents. There is 
 a device of (lowers in a shield on title-page. A half-title on D3. 
 
 London, printed by Richard Oulton, dwelhng neere Christs- 
 Church, 1637. 
 
45 
 C. P. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1633. 
 
 London, printed by Jane Bell, and are to be sold at the East 
 
 end of Christ Church, 1653. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to I in fours. Black letter. A device on title-page with Lahore et 
 Constantia. 
 
 Hazlitt mentions editions of 1580, 1586, 1594, 1596 ; Prof. 
 Ferguson of 1608, 1656. 
 
 A DIRECTION FOR THE HEALTH OF MAGISTRATES 
 AND STUDENTES. 
 
 Namely suche as bee in their consistent Age, or neere there- 
 unto : Drawen as well out of sundry good and commendable 
 Authours, as also upon reason and faithfull experience other- 
 wise certaynely grounded. Written in Latin by Gulielmus 
 Gratarolus, and Englished by T. N. 
 
 Imprinted at London, in Fleete streete, by William How, for 
 Abraham Veale, 1574. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Small 4° ; A with 4 leaves, then 2 leaves, then B to X in fours. Black 
 letter. Title in border. 
 
 A COMPENDIUM OF THE RATIONALE SECRETES 
 
 of the worthie Knight and moste excellent Doctour of Phisicke 
 
 and Chirurgerie, Leonardo Phioravante Bolognese, divided 
 
 into three Bookes. 
 
 Imprinted at London by Jhon Kyngston, for George Pen, and 
 
 I. H., 1582. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 * with 8, then A to R in eights. Black letter. The cookery receipts 
 are in Book 3. The full title is not given. 
 
46 
 
 thp: schoolemaster 
 
 or Teacher of Table Philosophic. A most pleasant and 
 
 merie Companion, well worthy to be welcomed (for a dayly 
 
 Gheast) not onelye to all mens hoorde, to guide them with 
 
 moderate and holsome dyet; but also into every mans Com- 
 
 panie at all tymes, to recreat their mindes, with honest mirth 
 
 and delectable devises to sundry pleasant purposes of pleasure 
 
 and pastyme. 
 
 Gathered out of divers, the best approved Aucthors : 
 
 And devided into foure pithy and pleasant Treatises, as it 
 
 may appeare by the contentes. 
 
 Imprinted at London, by Richard Johnes dwelling at the 
 
 Signe of the Rose and the Crown, neere Holburne Bridge. 
 
 1583- 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to K in fours ; printer's preamble in verse, argument of the four 
 books, table of contents at end. There is a preface to each book ; 
 that to the first comes before the argument. There are no receipts 
 but advice as to the use of foods in the first book. Black letter. 
 
 THE GOOD HUS WIPES JEWELL. 
 
 Wherein is to be found most excellent and rare Devises for 
 
 conceites in Cookery, found out by the practise of Thomas 
 
 Dawson. 
 
 Whereunto is adjoyned sundry approved receits for many 
 
 soveraine oyles, and the way to distill many precious waters, 
 
 with divers approved medicines for many diseases. 
 
 Also certain approved points of husbandry, very necessary for 
 
 all Husbandmen to know. 
 
 Newly set foorth with additions, 1596. 
 
 Imprinted at London for Edward White dwelling at the 
 
 Little North doore of Paules at the signe of the Gun. 
 
 B. M. 
 12°; A to G in eights ; 52 leaves, table of contents. Black letter. The 
 head-line is " A Booke of Cookerie." 
 
 Hazlitt gives an edition of 1610. 
 
47 
 
 THE SECOND PART OF THE GOOD HUS-WIFES 
 JEWELL, 
 
 Wherein is to bee found most apt and readiest wayes to distill 
 
 many wholsome and sweete waters, 
 
 In which likewise is shewed the best manner in preserving of 
 
 divers sorts of Fruites, and making of Syrropes : 
 
 With divers Conseites in Cookerie after the Italian and French 
 
 maner. 
 
 Never the like published by any until! this present yere, 1585. 
 
 Imprinted at London for Edward White, dwelling at the little 
 
 North doore of Paules Church, at the signe of the Gunne. 
 
 B. M. 
 12°; 4 leaves, A to E4 in eights; table of contents, pages 1-72. 
 Black letter. The headline is " A booke of Cookerie." 
 With divers conceits in Cookerie with the Booke of Carving. 
 At London, printed by E. Allde for Edward White, dwelling 
 at the Uttle North doore of Paules Church at the signe of the 
 
 Gun, 1597. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12° ; A to E in eights ; table of contents, pages 1-72 ; followed by 
 " The booke of Carving and Sewing,"* with separate title-page, A to 
 C4 in eights, unpaged. Black letter. 
 Maunsell gives an edition of 1590 and HazUtt one of 1606. 
 
 THE HOUSEHOLDERS PHILOSOPHIE, 
 
 Wherein is perfectly & profitably described, the true Oeco- 
 nomia and forme of Housekeeping, with a Table added there- 
 unto of all the notable things therein contained. 
 First written in Italian by that excellent Orator and Poet, 
 Signior Torquato Tasso, and now translated by T. K. 
 Whereunto is annexed a dairie Booke for all good huswives. 
 At London, printed by F. C. for Thomas Hacket, and are to 
 be sold at his shop in Lomberd streete under the signe of the 
 Popes head, MDLXXXVIII. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 • Sec page 54. 
 
48 
 
 4 ; •[ 2 leaves, * 4 leaves, A-G3 in fours. Black letter. This is a 
 set of rules and recommendations. There are no recipes. The 
 " dairio Booke " did not appear. A modern copy of tlie original, 
 Padre di Famiglia, is in the B.M. 
 
 THE GOOD HOUS-WIVES TREASURIE. 
 
 Beeing a verye necessarie Booke instructing to the dressing of 
 Meates. 
 
 Hereunto is also annexed sundrie holsome Medicines for divers 
 diseases. 
 
 Imprinted at London by Edward Allde, 1588. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12° ; A to C4 in eights, A2 containing title, and Ai being probably 
 blank. Black letter. Title in border. 
 
 A BOOK OF COOKRYE. 
 
 Very necessary for all such as delight therin. 
 Gathered by A. W. 
 
 And now newlye enlarged, with the serving in of the Table. 
 With the proper Sauces to each of them convenient. 
 At London, printed by Edward Allde, 1591. 
 
 Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to E in eights ; title-page, 36 leaves, table of contents (3 leaves). 
 Black letter. 
 
 At London, printed by Edward Allde, Anno Dom. 1594. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1591. 
 
 THE WIDDOVVES TREASURE. 
 
 Plentifully furnished with sundry precious and approved 
 secrets in Phisicke and Chirurgery, for the health and pleasure 
 of Mankinde. 
 Heereunto are adjoyned, sundrie prittie practices and conclu- 
 
49 
 
 sions of Cookerie, with many profitable and wholsome Medi- 
 cines, for sundrie diseases in Cattell. 
 At London, printed by J. Roberts for Edward White, 1595. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12° ; A to F in eights. Black letter. Preface gives author's initials 
 as M. R. Herbert, 683, iioi, 1199. gives editions of 1584 and 1591. 
 London, printed by Eliz. Allde, and are to be sold by Robert 
 
 Bird, 1631. 
 
 Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to F in eights. Black letter. Device on title-page. 
 London, printed by R. B. for Robert Bird, and are to be sold 
 at his shop in S. Laurence- lane at the Signe of the Bible. 
 1639. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 163 1. 
 
 THE GOOD HUSWIFES HANDMAIDE FOR THE 
 KITCHIN. 
 
 Containing manie principall pointes of Cookerie, as well how 
 
 to dresse meates, after sundrie the best fashions used in 
 
 England and other Countries, with their apt and proper 
 
 sawces, both for flesh and fish, as also the orderly serving of 
 
 the same to the Table. 
 
 Hereunto are annexed, sundrie necessarie Conceits for the 
 
 preservation of health. 
 
 Verie meete to be adjoined to the good Huswifes Closet of 
 
 provision for her Houshold. 
 
 Imprinted at London by Richard Jones, 1594. 
 
 Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to Hj in eights ; an introductory leaf about the due seasons 
 for the use of meats, leaves i to 55, table of contents. Black letter. 
 The head-line is " A New booke of Cookerie." There is an ornament 
 on title-page. 
 
 Maunsell gives the first edition as printed by Richard Jones 
 and Ant. Hyll in 1588. 
 
 £ 
 
50 
 
 A BOOKE OF COOKERIE, 
 
 Otherwise called : The good Huswives Handmaid for the 
 
 kitchin. 
 
 Wherein is shewed 'the order how to dresse meates after sundry 
 
 the best fashions used in England and other Countries : with 
 
 their apt and proper sauces both for flesh and fish : as also 
 
 the orderly serving the same to the Table. 
 
 Whereunto are annexed sundry necessary Conceites for the 
 
 preservation of health. 
 
 London, printed by E. Allde, dwelling in Aldersgate streete, 
 
 over-against the Pump, 1597. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12° ; A to H3 in eights ; an introductory leaf about the due seasons 
 for the use of meats, leaves i to 55, table of contents. Black letter. 
 The head-line is " A new booke of Cookerie." 
 
 THE GOOD HUSWIVES HANDMAID, FOR COOKERIE 
 in her Kitchin, etc. 
 
 The book under this title in the B. RI. is the same as the last. It has 
 lost its title-page, and A2 and the name has been taken from the half- 
 title. 
 
 A THOUSAND NOTABLE THINGS 
 of sundry sorts, etc. 
 
 By Thomas Lupton. There are several editions in the B. M. from 1600 
 on. The earliest, undated but about 1595, was " imprinted at London 
 by John Charlewood, for Hughe Spooner, dwelling in Lumbardstreete 
 at the signe of the Cradle." A to Ss in fours. 
 
 EPULARIO, 
 
 or The ItaUan Banquet : 
 
 Wherein is shewed the maner how to dresse and prepare all 
 
 kind of Flesh, Foules, or Fishes. 
 
 As also how to make Sauces, Tartes, Pies, etc. After the 
 
 maner of all Countries. 
 
 With an addition of many other profitable and necessary 
 
 things. 
 
5» 
 
 Translated out of Italian into English. 
 
 London, printed by A. J. for William Bailey, and are to bee 
 sold at his shop in Gratious street neere Leaden-hall, 1598. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to L in 4 ; A has only one and L three ; there is an embellishment 
 with emblems of death and " non plus " on title-page and another 
 at end of book. The Italian version, 1549, is in B. M. 
 
 DYETS DRY DINNER: 
 
 Consisting of eight severall Courses : 
 
 / 1. Fruites. / 5. Whitmeats. 
 
 ) 2. Hearbes. ) 6. Spice, 
 
 j 3. Flesh. i 7. Sauce. 
 
 (4. Fish: \8. Tabacco. 
 
 All served in after the order of Time universall. 
 
 By Henry Buttes, Maister of Artes, and Fellowe of C.C.C. 
 
 in C. 
 
 Qui miscuit utile Dulci; 
 
 Cicero. 
 
 Non nobis solum nati sumus, sed ortus nostri sibi vendicant. 
 
 Printed in London by Tho. Creede, for William Wood, and 
 
 are to be sold at the West end of Powles, at the signe of Tyme, 
 
 1599- 
 
 Bod. C. B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 12° ; A has 8 leaves, the first has only a cut ; Aa 4 leaves, then B to 
 P in eights, the last leaf being blank. This is not really a cookery 
 book but a description of different articles of food with a " story for 
 table-talke " to each. These descriptions are in black letter. 
 
 DELIGHTES FOR LADIES, 
 
 To adorne their Persons, Tables, Closets, and Distillatories ; 
 with Beauties, Banquets, Perfumes, & Waters; 
 Reade, Practice, & Censure. 
 At London, printed by Peter Short. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to H in twelves, H12 being a blank leaf with borders. A rhymed 
 epistle is signed H. Plat. This a most charming little book within 
 borders, in some of which are woven the initials E.R. 
 
52 
 
 At London, printed by Peter Short, 1602. 
 
 B. M. 
 At London, printed by H, L., 1608. 
 
 B. M. 
 At London, printed by Humfrey Lownes, 1609. 
 
 C. A. W. O. 
 
 At London, printed by Humfrey Lownes, 1611. 
 
 Bod. 
 At London, printed by H. L. and are to be sould by Arthur 
 
 Johnson, 1615. 
 
 B. M. 
 London, printed by H. L. and R. Y., and are to bee sold by 
 
 James Boler, 1630. 
 
 B. M. Bod. 
 
 London, printed by R. Y. and are to bee sold by James Boler, 
 
 1632. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 London, printed by Robert Young, 1636. 
 
 B. M. 
 London, printed by James Young, 1647. 
 
 B. M. 
 The former editions were exactly similar. This has no borders. 
 London^ printed by William Dugard, 1651. 
 
 B. M. Library of Pharmaceutical Society. 
 
 As 1647. 
 London, printed by R. W., 1654. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 As 1647. 
 
 Hazlitt gives editions of 1600, 1603, 1618, 1640, 1656; Mrs. Pennell 
 
 one of 1683 by O. Blagrave. 
 
 NATURALL AND ARTIFICIAL DIRECTIONS 
 
 for health, derived from the best Philosophers, as well moderne, 
 
 as auncient. 
 
 By William Vaughan, Master of Artes, and Student in the 
 
 Civill Law. 
 
 London, printed by Richard Bradocke, 1600. 
 
 B. M. 
 12°; A to F7 in eights; dedication, English poem, Latin verses, 
 
53 
 
 pages 1-76, table of contents. Title in borders. A remarkable work 
 to dedicate to one's sister. The B. M. has the second edition in 1602, 
 which, unlike the first, is black letter, the third in 1607, the fifth in 
 1617, the sixth in 1626 (4°), the seventh in 1633 {4°). 
 
 A CLOSET FOR LADIES AND GENTLEWOMEN, 
 
 or, The Art of preserving, Conserving, and Candying. 
 
 With the manner ho we to make divers kinds of Syrups : and 
 
 all kind of banqueting stuffes. 
 
 Also divers soveraigne Medicines and Salves, for sundry 
 
 Diseases. 
 
 At London, printed for Arthur Johnson, dwelling neere the 
 
 great North dore of Pauls, 1608. 
 
 C. B. M. A.W. O. 
 
 12° ; A to M in eights ; pages 1-190. A little book within borders, 
 much resembling " Delightes for Ladies " by Plat, to whom the book 
 is attributed in the Douce catalogue. 
 
 London, printed for Arthur Johnson, dwelHng neere the great 
 North dore of Paules, 1611. 
 
 Bod. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1608. 
 
 London, printed by John Haviland, 1630. 
 
 Bod. 
 A to H in twelves, not paged, different border. 
 London, printed by John Haviland, 1632. 
 
 Mrs. Pennell. 
 Identical with edition of 1630. 
 London, printed by John Haviland, 1636. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1630. 
 
 London, printed by R. H. for Charles Greene, 1647. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 No border, otherwise identical with edition of 1636. There is a por- 
 trait of a lady as frontispiece. 
 
 Corrected, Amended, and much Enlarged by adding a very 
 usefuU Table thereunto. 
 London, printed by R. H., 1651. 
 
54 
 
 B. M. Library of Pharmaceutical Society. 
 
 A to H in twelves ; table of contents, pages 1-84. No portrait. 
 
 London, printed by R. W., 1654. 
 
 B. M. 
 Identical with edition of 165 1. 
 
 London, printed by R. H., 1656. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 165 1. 
 Hazlitt gives an edition of 1635: 
 
 THE BOOKE OF CARVING AND SEWING. 
 And all the feastes in the yeere, for the service of a Prince or 
 any other estate, as yee shall finde each office, the service 
 according in this booke following. 
 
 At London, printed by E. Allde for Edward White, dwelling 
 at the little North doore of S. Paules at the signe of the Gunnej 
 
 Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to C4 in eights. Black letter. 
 
 London, printed by Edw. Allde for Sara White, and are to 
 be solde at the little North doore of S. Paules, at the Signe of 
 
 the Gunne, 1613. 
 
 B. M. 
 12° ; A to C4 in eights. Black letter. 
 
 THE PHILOSOPHERS BANQUET; 
 newly furnished and decked forth with much variety of many 
 severall Dishes, that in the former Service were neglected 
 Where now not onely Meates and Drinks of all Natures 
 and Kindes are served in, but the Names and Kindes of all 
 
 disputed of. 
 
 The second Edition, newly corrected and inlarged, to almost 
 as much more. By W. B. Esquire. 
 
 London, printed by T. C. for Leonard Becket, and are to bee 
 solde at his shoppe in the Temple, neere the Church. 1614. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12°; A with 8, * with 4, B to S4 in eights; poem to reader, letter, 
 table of contents, pages 1-262. There are Latin versions in the B. M. 
 The third Edition. 
 
55 
 
 London, printed for Nicholas Vavasour, and are to bee sold 
 at his shop in the Temple, neere the Church. 1633. 
 
 B.M. 
 A to R6 in twelves ; poem, letter, table, preface, pages 1-364. 
 
 THE ENGLISH HUS-WIFE, 
 
 Contayning, The inward and outward vertues which ought to 
 be in a compleat woman. 
 
 As, her skill in Physicke, Cookery, Banqueting-stuffe, Dis- 
 tillation, Perfumes, Wooll, Hemp, Flax, Dayries, Brewing, 
 Baking, and all other things belonging to an Houshould. 
 A Worke very profitable and necessarie, gathered for the 
 generall good of this kingdome. 
 
 Printed at London by John Beale, for Roger Jackson, and are 
 to bee sold at his shop neere the great Conduit in Fleet-streete, 
 
 1615. 
 
 B. M; 
 
 Q to li in fours. This is the second book of " Countrey Contentments," 
 by Gervase Markham. Preface, table, pages 1-128. There is a 
 heraldic device on title-page. 
 
 Printed at London by L B. for R. Jackson, and are to be sold 
 at his shop neere Fleet-streete Conduit, 1623. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to Hh in fours, Hh4 being blank ; dedication, table of contents, 
 
 pages 1-233. 
 
 Fourth edition. 
 
 London, printed by Nicholas Okes for John Hamson, and are 
 
 to be sold at his shop at the signe of the golden Unicorne in 
 
 Pater-noster-row, 1631. 
 
 Mrs, Pennell. 
 4° ; A with 6 leaves, B to Ra in eights ; dedication, table of contents, 
 pages 1-252. 
 
 The fifth time much augmented. 
 
 London, printed by Anne Griffin for John Harrison, at the 
 Golden Unicorne in Pater-noster-row, 1637. 
 
 C. B. M. 
 
 A printed irregularly, B to R in fours ; dedication, table of contents, 
 
56 
 
 pages 1-252. The title-page has a device of a star, etc., with Dum 
 spero fero. 
 
 The same edition, printed 1649. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A different device on title-page. 
 
 The sixth time much augmented. 
 
 Printed by W. Wilson, for E. Brewster, and George SawbridgCi 
 
 at the Bible on Ludgate-hill, neere Fleet-bridge, 1656. 
 
 B. M. 
 A to O2 in fours ; dedication, table, pages 1-188. 
 The seventh time much augmented, 1660. 
 
 B. M. 
 Same printers and identical contents. 
 
 London, printed by W. Wilson for George Sawbridge, at the 
 Bible on Ludgate-hill near Fleet-Bridge, 1664. 
 4° ; A with 4, B to O2 in eights ; dedication, table, pages 1-188. 
 The eighth time much augmented. 
 
 London, printed by J. Streater for George Sawbridge, dwelling 
 on Clerkenwell-green, 1668. 
 
 B. M. C. 
 
 The B. M. copy is identical. The Cambridge copy is Aaa to Ccca in 
 
 eights. 
 
 London, printed for George Sawbridge, at the Sign of the 
 
 Bible on Ludgate Hill, 1675. 
 
 C. 
 
 Aaa to CCCC2 in fours ; dedication, table, pages 1-188. 
 
 The ninth time much augmented. 
 
 London, printed for Hannah Sawbridge, at the Sign of the 
 
 Bible on Ludgate-Hill, 1683. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with 1668 edition. 
 
 THE QUEENS CLOSET OPENED. 
 
 This consists of three books, " The Pearle of Practice," " A 
 Queen's Delight," and " The Compleat Cook," the last two 
 having separate title-pages. " The Compleat Cook," nearly 
 always separately paged, was sometimes pubUshed by itself. 
 The other two, though sometimes separately paged, seem to 
 have been nearly always pubUshed together. 
 
57 
 
 (A) THE QUEENS CLOSET OPENED, 
 Incomparable Secrets in Physick, Chirurgery, Preserving and 
 Candying, and Cookery ; as they were presented to the Queen, 
 By the most experi'enced Persons of our Times, many whereof 
 were honoured with her own practice, when she pleased to 
 descend to these more private Recreations. 
 Never before published. 
 
 Transcribed from the true Copies of her Majesties own Receipt 
 Books, by W. M., one of her late servants. 
 Vivit post funera Virtus, 
 
 Printed for Nathaniel Brook at the Angel in Cornhill, 1655. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A with 6 leaves, Ai being blank, then C to O in twelves, followed by 
 P with 4, and Q with 12 leaves, Q12 containing only advertisements. 
 Preface, pages 1-191, title-page dated 1654,* pages 195-296, tables to 
 each part. In the B. M. copy there is no portrait. The portrait in the 
 copy in the library of the Royal Academy of Medicine is lettered, 
 " Henrietta Maria Regina. Ed. Faithorne fecit. Sold by Nat. 
 Brooke att ye Angel in Cornhill." Another copy I have seen had not 
 the queen's name. 
 1656. 
 
 An edition of this date is in the library of the Medical Society of London, 
 but has been mislaid. 
 
 Corrected and Reviewed, with many Additions : Together 
 with three exact Tables. 
 
 London, printed for Peter Dring, and are to be sold at the 
 Sun in the Poultry, next door to the Rose Tavern, 1661. 
 A with 6 leaves, C to Qe in twelves ; preface, table of approvers of 
 receipts, pages 1-192, title-page dated 1660 and with a different printer, 
 pages 195-300, two tables of contents. The portrait is lettered, " Ed. 
 Faithorne fee. : Sold by Nat. Brooke att ye Angell in Cornhill." 
 Corrected and Reviewed, with many Additions : together 
 with three exact Tables. 
 
 London, printed for Christ. Eccleston, and are to be sold at his 
 Shop in St. Dunstan's Church- Yard, 1662. 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 6 leaves, then C to Qe in twelves ; preface, table of approvers of 
 * In one copy this was 1655. 
 
58 
 
 receipts, pages 1-192, title-page dated 1662, pages 195-300, two tables 
 
 of contents. There is a portrait of the Queen as frontispiece, with the 
 
 lettering, " Ed. Faithorne fee. Sold by Nat. Brooke att ye Angell in 
 
 Cornhill." 
 
 London, printed by J. W. for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel in 
 
 Greshara- College, near the Exchange in Bishops-gate-street, 
 
 1668. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A with 6 leaves, C to L4 in twelves ; pages 1-191, table of contents ; 
 the table of approvers takes in the Compleat Cook in this and following 
 editions. The B. M. copy is imperfect, title-page and beginning of " A 
 Queen's Delight " being lost. What is left is C to Es in twelves ; 
 pages 47-106, table of contents. 
 
 London, printed for N; Brooke, and are to be soW by Charles 
 Harper at the Flower-de-luce over against St. Dunstans 
 Church in Fleet street, 1671. 
 
 B. M. 
 A with 6 leaves, C to L4 in twelves, followed by A to Es in twelves ; 
 portrait ; pages 1-191, table of contents, title-page dated 1671, pages 
 1-106, table of contents. 
 
 London, printed for Nath. Brooke, and are to be sold by Tho: 
 Guy at the Corner Shop of Little Lumber-street, Cornhill, 
 
 1674. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to O5 in twelves ; portrait ; pages 1-190, table of contents, title- 
 page dated 1675, pages 1-106, table of contents. 
 London, printed for Obadiah Blagrave, at the sign of the 
 Black Bear in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1679. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1674. Under portrait is " Henei-etta Maria, 
 
 late Queen of England." 
 
 London, printed for Obadiah Blagrave at the Sign of the 
 
 Black Bear in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1683. 
 
 identical with edition ol 1674. 
 
 Mrs. Pennell has a copy of " A Queen's Delight " of this date which was 
 
 issued separately. Iio to O5 in twelves. 
 
 An edition of 1696. 
 
 P. 
 
 This has lost its first title-page, but according to Arber is the tenth 
 edition. A with 6 leaves, B to N; in twelves ; preface, table of ap- 
 
59 
 
 provers, pages 1-163, table of contents, title-page dated 1696, pages 
 171-264, table of contents. 
 
 (B) THE COMPLEAT COOK : 
 
 I Italian, 
 Expertly prescribing the most ready wayes, whether s Spanish, 
 
 ( or French. 
 
 for dressing of Flesh, and Fish, ordering of Sauces, or making of 
 
 Pastry. 
 
 London, printed for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel in Corn-hill 
 
 1655. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to F5 in twelves, pages 1-123, table of contents. 
 
 London, printed for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel in Cornhill, 
 
 1659. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 Identical with edition of 1655. 
 London, printed for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel in Cornhill, 
 
 1662. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to F in twelves, the last 14 pages containing only advertisements ; 
 
 pages 3-123, table of contents. 
 
 London, printed by J. Winter, for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel 
 
 in Gresham-CoUege, 1668. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to Fe in twelves, Fe being occupied with advertisements. 
 London, printed by E. Tyler, and R. Holt, for Nath. Brooke 
 at the Angel in Corn-Hill, near the Royal Exchange, 1671. 
 
 B. M. 
 Identical with edition of 1668, except that Fa is missing. 
 London, printed by F. Leach, for Nat. Brooks and are to be 
 Sold by Tho. Guy, at the Corner Shop in Little-Lumber-street 
 and Corn-hill, 1675. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 06 to T in twelves ; the last two leaves being blank. This is bound 
 with " The Queen's Closet Opened " of 1674. 
 
 London, printed for Obadiah Blagrave at the Sign of the Black 
 Bear in St. Paul's Churchyard, and R. Harford at the Angel 
 in Cornhil, near the Royal Exchange, 1679. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1675. 
 
6o 
 
 London, printed for Obadiah Blagrave at the Sign of the 
 Black Bear in St. Pauls Churchyard, and R. Harford at the 
 Angel in Cornhil, near the Royal Exchange, 1683. 
 
 (Identical with edition of 1675.) 
 
 London, printed in the Year 1695. 
 
 P. 
 Ns to Te in twelves ; pages 271-401, table of contents. Bound with 
 " The Queen's Closet Opened " of 1696. 
 
 A DAILY EXERCISE FOR LADIES AND GENTLE- 
 WOMEN. 
 
 Whereby they may learne and practise the whole Art of 
 
 making Pastes, Preserves, Marmalades, Conserves, Tart- 
 
 stuffes, Gellies, Breads, Sucket-Candies, Cordiall waters, 
 
 Conceits in Sugar-workes of several kindes. 
 
 As also to dry Lemonds, Orenges, or other Fruits. 
 
 Newly set forth, according to the now approved Receipts, 
 
 used both by Honourable and Worshipfull personages. 
 
 By John Murrel Professor thereof. 
 
 London : printed for the widow Helme, and are to be sould 
 
 at her shop in S. Dunstans Church-yard in Fleet street, 1617. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 A to G in twelves, Ai, Gn, and G12 being blank. Printed within 
 borders. 
 
 A DELIGHTFULL DAILY EXERCISE FOR LADIES 
 AND GENTLEMEN. 
 
 Whereby is set foorth the secrete misteries of the purest pre- 
 servings in Glasses and other Confrictionaries, as making of 
 Breads, Pastes, Preserves, Suckets, Marmalates, Tartstuffes, 
 rough Candies, and many other things never before in Print. 
 Whereto is added a Booke of Cookery. 
 By John Murrell Professor thereof. 
 
 London, printed for Tho. Dewe, and are to be sold at his shoppe 
 in St. Dunstons Church-yard in Fleete-street, 1621. 
 
 B. M. 
 A has 12 leaves, the first being blank ; then again A to G4 in twelves. 
 
6i 
 
 " The booke of Cookerie " is A with 8 leaves, B with 12 leaves, C with 
 5 leaves. Printed between borders. The second book has a separate 
 title-page : A booke of Cookerie : containing many of the best and 
 chosest workes, that are used at this day. both of the French and 
 Dutch fashions. Never before in Print till this time. London, printed 
 for Thomas Dewe, and are to be sold at his Shop in Saint Dunstons 
 Church-yard, 162 1. 
 
 A NEW BOOK OF COOKERIE. 
 
 Wherein is set forth a most perfect direction to furnish an 
 extraordinary, or ordinary feast, either in Summer or Winter. 
 Also a BiU of Fare for Fish-dayes, Fasting dayes, Ember- 
 weekes, or Lent. 
 
 And hkewise the most commendable fashion of Dressing, or 
 Sowcing, either Flesh, Fish, or Fowle : for making of Gellies, 
 and other Made-dishes for service, to beautifie either Noble- 
 mans or Gentlemans Table. 
 
 Together with the newest fashion of cutting up any Fowle. 
 Hereunto also is added the most exquisite Enghsh Cookerie. 
 All set forth according to the now, new, English and French 
 fashion. 
 
 By John Murrell. 
 
 London, printed for John Browne, and are to be sould at his 
 Shop in Dunstanes Church-yard, 1617. 
 B. M. Bod. 
 
 12° ; A to H3 in eights, Ai being blank ; dedication, table of con- 
 tents, pages i-ioi. Black letter. 
 
 MURRELS TWO BOOKES OF COOKERIE AND 
 CARVING. 
 
 The fourth time printed with new Additions. 
 
 London, printed by M. F. for John Harriot, and are to be sold 
 
 at his Shop in Saint Dunstans Church-yard in Fleet street, 
 
 1631. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 
 The second title-page is that of the last book, with the words "To- 
 gether with the best and newest Art of Carving and Sewing " in place 
 
62 
 
 of " Together with .... exquisite English Cookerie," and with the 
 omission of all words after " Murrell." 
 
 The third title-page is on page 83 : — 
 The Second Booke of Cookerie. 
 
 Wherein is set forth the newest and most commendable Fashion of 
 Dressing, Boyling, Sowcing, or Roasting, all manner either Flesh, 
 Fish, or any kinde of Fowle. 
 
 Together with an exact order of making Kickshawes, or made-dishes, 
 of any fashion, fit to beautifie either Noble-mans or Gentle-mans 
 Table. 
 
 All set forth according to the now new English and French fashion. 
 By John Murrell. 
 The fourth Impression. 
 
 London, printed for John Harriot, and are to be sold at his Shop in 
 Saint Dunstans Churchyard, 1631. 
 
 The fourth title-page is on page 149 : — 
 A New Booke of Carving and Sewing. 
 
 London, printed by M. F. for John Marriot, and are to be sold at his 
 shop in Saint Dunstans Churchyard in Fleetstreet, 163 1. 
 12°; A to N in eights; title-page, second title-page, dedication, 
 pages 1-82, title-page to second part, pages 85-148, title-page to third 
 part, pages 149-189, table of contents for the three parts. Black 
 letter. 
 
 The fifth time printed with new Additions. 
 London, printed by M. F. for John Marriot, and are to be sold 
 at his Shop in Saint Dunstans Church-yard in Fleet-street, 
 
 1638. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 163 1. 
 
 The fifth time printed with new Additions. 
 
 London, printed by M. F. for John Marriot, and are to be sold 
 
 at his shop in St. Dunstans Churchyard in Fleetstreet, 1641. 
 
 B. M. Bod. A. W. 0. 
 
 Identical with edition of 163 1, except that the table of contents is in 
 smaller type, and extends only to N7, Ns being blank. The title- 
 page to the second part has " The sixth impression, 1641." 
 The seventh time printed, with new additions. 
 London, printed by Ja. Fl. for Rich. Marriot, and are to be 
 sold at his shop in St. Dunstans Church-yard, 1650. 
 
 B. M. 
 Identical with edition of 164 1. 
 
63 
 A ROOKE OF COOKERIE. 
 
 And the order of Meates to bee served to the Table, both for 
 Flesh and Fish dayes. 
 
 With many excellent wayes for the dressing of all usuall sortes 
 of meates, both Bak't, boyld, or rosted, of Flesh, fish, Fowle, 
 or others, with their proper sawces. 
 
 As also many rare Inventions in Cookery for made Dishes ; 
 with most notable preserves of sundry sorts of Fruits. Like- 
 wise for making many precious Waters, with divers approved 
 Medicines for grievous diseases. 
 
 With certaine points of Husbandry how to Order Oxen, 
 Horses, Sheepe, Hogges, etc., with many other necessary 
 points for Husbandmen to know. 
 London, printed by Edw. AU-de, dwelling neere Christ-Church, 
 
 1620. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12° ; A to G7 in eights ; pages 1-102, table of contents. Black 
 letter. 
 
 London, printed by E, A., and are to be sold by F. Grove 
 dwelling upon Snow-hill, 1629. 
 
 P. 
 12° ; A to G7 in eights ; pages 1-102, table of contents. Black 
 letter. 
 London, printed by Elizabeth AU-de, dwelling neare Christ 
 
 Church. 1634. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 12° ; A to G in eights ; pages 1-102, table of contents. Black letter. 
 
 London, printed by Jeane Bell, dwelling at the East end of 
 
 Christ-Church, 1650. 
 
 B. M. 
 Identical with edition of 1634. 
 
 KLINIKH OR THE DIET OF THE DISEASED. 
 
 Divided into Three Bookes, etc., etc. 
 
 Newly published by James Hart, Doctor in Physicke. 
 
 London, printed by John Beale, for Robert Allot, and are to 
 
64 
 
 be sold at his shop at the signe of the black Beare in Pauls 
 
 Church- yard, 1633. 
 
 B. M. 
 Folio ; 8 leaves, then a with 6, and aa with 4, A to OOO in fours. 
 Dedication, table of contents, pages 1-41 1, index. Heraldic device 
 on title-page, device on page 411. 
 
 THE MYSTERYES OF NATURE AND ART: 
 
 Conteined in foure severall Tretises, The first of water workes, 
 The second of Fyer workes, The third of Drawing, Colouring, 
 Painting, and Engraving, The fourth of divers Experiments, 
 as wel serviceable as delightful ; partly collected, and partly 
 of the Author's PecuUar Practise, and Invention by J. B. 
 Imprinted for Ralph Mab, 1634. 
 
 B. M. 
 A to Ff in fours. Title in border of various implements and apparatus. 
 There are a few receipts in the fourth book. By John Bate. 
 
 THE LADIES CABINET OPENED: 
 
 Wherein is found hidden severall Experiments in Preserving 
 
 and Conserving, Physicke, and Surgery, Cookery and Hus- 
 
 wifery. 
 
 London, printed by M. P. for Richard Meighen, next to the 
 
 Middle Temple in Fleet street, 1639. 
 
 C. B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to H in fours ; pages 1-59, table of contents. There is an ornament 
 on the title-page consisting of skull, cross-bones, and the words " non 
 plus," which is also in Epulario. This is the first edition of the fol- 
 lowing book. 
 
 THE LADIES CABINET ENLARGED AND OPENED: 
 
 Containing Many Rare Secrets, and Rich Ornaments of several 
 kindes, and different uses. 
 Comprized under three general Heads. 
 
 I. Preserving, Conserving, Candying, etc. 
 ^^'^■' -l 2. Physick and Chirurgery. 
 
 VIZ.. 
 
 3. Cookery and Housewifery. 
 
65 
 
 VVhereunto is added, Sundry Experiments, and Choice Ex- 
 tractions of Waters, Oyls, etc. 
 
 Collected and practised by the late Right Honorable and 
 Learned Chymist, the Lord Ruthven. 
 With a particular Table to each Part. 
 
 London, printed by T. M. for M. M., G. Bedell, and T. Collins, 
 at the middle Temple Gate, Fleet-street, 1654. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 4 leaves, then A to Ks in twelves, followed by six leaves of L (one 
 printed K3) which are occupied by advertisements ; preface, pages 
 1-42, contents of first part, pages 47-168, contents of second part, 
 pages 181-227, contents of third part. Title-page is in black and red. 
 The Second Edition, with Additions, 
 
 London, printed by T. M. for G. Bedell and T, Collins at the 
 Middle Temple Gate, Fleet street, 1655: 
 
 P. 
 
 A with 4 leaves, B to Ne in twelves (Ne is missing, it would consist of 
 advertisements like the preceding five pages) ; preface signed M.B., 
 stationers to reader, pages 1-48, contents of first part, pages 53-189, 
 contents of second part, pages 202-252, contents of third part. Title- 
 page is in black and red. 
 The fourth Edit,, with additions. 
 
 London, printed for G. Bedel, and T. Colhns at the Middle 
 Temple Gate in Fleet-street, 1667. 
 
 B. M. A; W. O; 
 
 A with 4 leaves, B to L in twelves, then M with 6 and N with 2 leaves ; 
 
 preface, stationers to reader, pages 1-48, contents of first part, pages 
 
 53-189, contents of second part, pages 202-251, contents of third part. 
 
 Title-page is in black and red. 
 
 Hazlitt gives the third edition as 1655, 12° ; title, etc., 4 leaves, 
 
 B to Ns in twelves, the last 10 pages being occupied by 
 
 advertisements. 
 
 A PRECIOUS TREASURY OF TWENTY RARE 
 SECRETS, 
 
 Most Necessary, Pleasant, and Profitable for all sorts of 
 People. 
 
 F 
 
66 
 
 Published by La Fountaine, an Expert Operator. 
 London^ printed Anno Dom. 1649. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 4^ ; 4 leaves. 
 
 A PRETIOUS TREASURY: 
 
 or, A New Dispensatory, contayning 70 approved Physicall 
 
 rare Receits, Most necessary and needfull for all sorts of 
 
 people to have in their Families. Collected out of the most 
 
 approved Authors, both in Physick and Chyrurgery : by 
 
 Salvator Winter, and Signieur Francisco Dickinson, expert 
 
 Operators. In two Bookes. 
 
 London, printed by Tho. Harper for Richard Harper and are 
 
 to be sold at his shop in Smithfield, at the Bible and Harpe, 
 
 1649. 
 
 A to C2 in fours. Illustration of a quack doctor and his assistant on 
 
 a platform, the former saying, " Me cure all Diseases," the latter, " Your 
 
 Money, Gent." In the same year Winter published separately " A 
 
 new dispensatory of fourty physicall receipts," which are mostly 
 
 medical, and Dickinson, " A precious treasury of twenty rare secrets." 
 
 These are the two books of " a pretious treasury." 
 
 The two following books, by the same author, are bound 
 together in four out of the five copies I have seen, but the 
 pagination is distinct. 
 
 (A) A CHOICE MANUALL, 
 
 or, Rare and Select Secrets in Physick and Chirurgery : col- 
 lected, and practised by the Right Honourable, the Countesse 
 of Kent,* late deceased. 
 
 Whereto are added several Experiments of the Virtues of 
 Gascon Pouder, and Lapis contra Yarvam, by a Professor of 
 Physick. 
 
 As also most exquisite waies of Preserving, Conserving, 
 Candying, etc. 
 The Second Edition. 
 
 * See Professor Ferguson for an account of this lady. 
 
67 
 
 London, printed by G. D. and are to be sold by William 
 Shears, at the Sign of the Bible in St. Pauls Churchyard, 1653, 
 A to K5 in twelves ; dedication signed W.J., letter to the reader 
 signed W. Jar., table of contents, pages 1-190, epistle signed W.J., 
 pages 191-206 containing the " Experiments of the Virtues." There 
 is a portrait of the Countess as frontispiece. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 The Second Edition. 
 
 London, printed by G. D., and are to be sold by William Shears, 
 
 at the Sign of the Bible in St. Pauls Churchyard, 1655. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A with 2 leaves, one blank, B with 6 leaves, C to Ls in twelves ; letter 
 
 to reader signed W. Jar., table of contents, pages 1-190, epistle signed 
 
 W.J., pages 191-206. Portrait of the Countess as frontispiece. 
 
 There is an error, accidental or wilful, in calling this the second 
 
 edition. 
 
 The Tenth Edition. 
 
 London, printed by Gurt. Dawson, and are to be sold by Will. 
 
 Shears, 1658. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 
 A to K5 in twelves. Contents and pages as in the 1653 edition. The 
 
 portrait has below it, " Elizabeth, late Countess of Kent." 
 
 The Fourteenth Edition. 
 
 London, printed by Gartrude Dawson, and are to be sold by 
 
 Margaret Shears at the Sign of the Blew Bible in Bedford 
 
 Street in Coven Garden, 1663. 
 
 B. M. Library of the Royal Institution. 
 
 A to Lio in twelves, Ai being blank. Contents and pages as in the 
 
 1653 edition up to page 206. Then come additions from 207 to 233, 
 
 followed by a table of contents of the additions. Portrait. 
 
 The Fifteenth Edition. 
 
 London, printed by Gertrude Dawson, and are to be sold by 
 
 Margaret Shears at the Sign of the Blew Bible in Bedford 
 
 Street in Covent Garden, 1667. 
 
 Identical with the edition of 1663. 
 
 The eighteenth edition. 
 
68 
 
 London,- printed for Henry Mortlock at the Phoenix in St. 
 Paul's Church-yard. 1682. 
 
 B. M. 
 Identical with the edition of 1663. 
 The nineteenth edition. 
 
 B. M. 
 Same printers and apparently same contents, but the copy is imperfect. 
 Prof. Ferguson gives the 4th edition as 1654, ^^^ ut^ as 1659, 
 the i2th as 2659 {sic) and the 19th as 1687. He also notes an 
 edition of 1656. 
 
 B) A TRUE GENTLEWOMANS DELIGHT, 
 
 Wherein is contained all manner of Cookery : 
 / Preserving, 
 
 Together with ^^«"^^^^i"g% 
 '=' \ Drying, and 
 
 ' Candying, 
 Very necessary for all Ladies and Gentlewomen. 
 PubUshed by W. J., Gent. 
 
 London, printed by G, D., and are to be sold by WiUiam 
 Shears, at the Sign of the Bible in St. Paul's Church-yard^ 
 1653- 
 
 Ke to Q in twelves ; dedication signed W. J., letter to reader signed 
 
 W. J., table of contents, pages 1-140. 
 
 London, printed by G. D. and are to be sold by William 
 
 Shears, at the Sign of the Bible in St. Paul's Church-yard, 
 
 1653. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A and B with 14 leaves irregularly printed. C to H6 in twelves ; 
 dedication, letter to reader, a second dedication,* table of contents, 
 pages 1-140. 
 
 London, printed by Gartrude Dawson, in St. Bartholomews 
 Close, near the Half moon Taverns Alley end, 1658. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 
 Ke to y in twelves ; dedication, letter to reader, table of contents, 
 pages 1-140. 
 
 * The dedication to Mrs. Popham is before " A choice manuall " in 
 other editions. 
 
69 
 
 London, printed by Gartrude Dawson, living in White Cross- 
 street in the Bowling-Alley, 1663. 
 
 B.M. Library of the Royal Institution. 
 
 Lio to Se in twelves ; dedication, letter to reader, table of contents, 
 pages 1-140. On the title-page W. G. is put for W. J. 
 London, printed for Henry Mortlock, at the Phoenix in St 
 Paul's Church Yard. 1682; 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1663. 
 
 London, printed for Henry Mortlock at the Phoenix in St 
 
 Paul's Church-vard. 1687.- 
 
 B: M; 
 
 Imperfect, but seems to be identical with edition of 1663. 
 
 THE FRENCH COOK: 
 
 Prescribing the way of making ready of all sorts of Meats, 
 
 Fish and Flesh, with the proper Sauces, either to procure 
 
 Appetite, or to advance the power of Digestion. 
 
 Also the Preparation of all Herbs and Fruits, so as their 
 
 naturall Crudities are by art opposed ; with the whole skil 
 
 of Pastry- work. 
 
 Together with a Treatise of Conserves, both dry and liquid, 
 
 a la mode de France. 
 
 With an Alphabeticall Table explaining the hard words, and 
 
 other usefull Tables. 
 
 Written in French by Monsieur De La Varenne, Clerk of the 
 
 Kitchin to the Lord Marquesse of Uxelles, and now Englished 
 
 by L D. G. 
 
 LondoH, printed for Charles Adams, and are to be sold at his 
 
 Shop, at the Sign of the Talbot neere St. Dunstans Church 
 
 in Fleetstreet, 1653. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to Ne in twelves ; dedication to the Earl of Tannet by Du Fresne, 
 who taught De La Varenne English ; an address to the courteous 
 reader by the translator ; a dedication to the High and Mighty Lord , 
 Lewis Chaalon Du Bled, Marquesse of Uxelles, by " Francis Peter (alias 
 La Varenne) " ; an address to the friendly reader by the author ; an 
 
70 
 
 address of the French Stationer to the reader, an alphabetical table, 
 pages 1-276. A table of contents follows each branch of the subject. 
 There is a frontispiece of a cook in his kitchen, with descriptions written 
 under two of the utensils, " A Tourt pan," " A Strayning pan." At 
 the bottom is, " London, printed for Cha. Adams at the Talbott in 
 Fleet-streete over agt. St. Dunstan's Church. F. sculp." There are 
 several editions of the original French version in the B. AI. 
 
 The Second Edition, carefully examined, and compared with 
 
 the originall ; and purged throughout, from many mistakes, 
 
 and defects ; and supplyed in diverse things, left out, in the 
 
 former impression. 
 
 With an Addition of some choise receits of Cookery lately 
 
 grown in use amongst the Nobihty and Gentry, by a prime 
 
 artist of our owne Nation. 
 
 London, printed for Charles Adams, at the Talbut neere St. 
 
 Dunstans Church in Fleetstreet, 1654. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 12° ; A to N in twelves ; after the alphabetical table is " a table of 
 viands " for " diverse seasons of the year," then pages 1-297. 
 
 Hazlitt gives the third edition as printed at London for 
 Thomas Dring . . and John Leigh . . 1673 ; 8° ; 
 A, 8; (a) 8; (b) 3 ; B—V4 m eights. 
 
 A BOOK OF FRUITS AND FLOWERS. 
 
 Shewing the Nature and Use of them, either for Meat or 
 
 Medicine. As also to Preserve, Conserve, Candy, and in 
 
 Wedges, or Dry them. To make Powders, Civet bagges, all 
 
 sorts of Sugar-works, turn'd works in Sugar, Hollow, or 
 
 Frutages ; and to Pickell them. 
 
 And for Meat. 
 
 To make Pyes, Biscat, Maid Dishes, Marchpanes, Leeches, 
 
 and Snow, Craknels, Caudels, Cakes, Broths, Fritterstuffe, 
 
 Puddings, Tarts, Syrupes, and Sallets. 
 
 For Medicines. 
 
 To make all sorts of Poultisses, and Serecloaths for any 
 
 member swell'd or inflamed, Ointments.Waters for all Wounds, 
 
71 
 
 and Cancers, Salves for Aches, to take the Ague out of anj' 
 place Burning or Scalding ; for the stopping of suddain 
 Bleeding, curing the Piles, Ulcers, Ruptures, Coughs, Con- 
 sumptions, and killing of Warts, to dissolve the Stone, killing 
 the Ring-worme, Emroids, and Dropsie, Paine in the Ears 
 and Teeth, Deafnesse. 
 
 Contra vim mortis, non est medicamen in hortis. 
 London, printed by M. S. for Tho. Jenner at the South entrance 
 of the Royall Exchange, London, 1653.- 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Small 4° ; pages 1-49, but 48, 49, are wrongly put as 50, 51 ; illustra- 
 tions of fruits and flowers. Another B. M. edition of 1653 is exactly 
 similar, but the error in pagination is corrected, it is catalogued as 1656. 
 An edition of 1656 has been sold at Sotheby's. 
 
 THE ART OF COOKERY. 
 
 Refin'd and Augmented, containing an Abstract of some 
 rare and rich unpublished Receipts of Cookery : Collected 
 from the practice of that incomparable Master of these Arts, 
 Mr. Jos. Cooper, chiefe Cook to the late King : With severall 
 other practises by the Author, with an addition of Preserves, 
 Conserves, etc., offering an infallible delight to all Judicious 
 Readers. 
 
 London, printed by F. G. for R. Lowndes at the White-lyon 
 in St. Paul's Church-yard, neer the West end, 1654. 
 
 B. M. 
 A has 6 leaves, B to I in twelves ; address to reader, table of receipts, 
 pages 1-192. 
 
 THE LADIES COMPANION, 
 
 or, A Table furnished with sundry sorts of Pies and Tarts, 
 gracefull at a Feast, with many excellent receipts for Pre- 
 serving, Conserving, and Candying of all manner of fruits, 
 with the making of Marchpanes, Marmalet, and Quindenis. 
 By Persons of quality whose names are mentioned. 
 
72 
 
 London, printed by VV. Bentley, and are to be sold by W. 
 Shears, at the sign of the Bible, in S. Pauls Church yard, 1654. 
 
 B. M. 
 A to D iu twelves, a leaf of A seems missing ; pages 1-82, table of con- 
 tents. There is a cut of a thistle on the title-page. 
 
 HEALTHS IMPROVEMENT : 
 
 or, Rules Comprizing and Discovering the Nature, Method, 
 and Manner of Preparing all sorts of food used in this nation. 
 Written by that ever Famous Thomas Muffett, Doctor in 
 Physick; Corrected and Enlarged by Christopher Bennett, 
 Doctor in Physick, and Fellow of the Colled g of Physicians in 
 London. 
 
 London, printed by Tho. Newcomb for Samuel Thomson, at 
 the sign of the White Horse in Pauls Churchyard, 1655. 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to Pp in fours ; preface, table of contents, pages 1-296. This book 
 relates to the preparation of food and the killing of animals for food. 
 It bears the imprimatur of the President and Censors of the College of 
 Physicians. Vicaire gives pages 8-296, misled by the second page of 
 the table, which is printed 8. The B. M. has an edition of 1745. 
 
 THE PERFECT COOK: 
 
 Being the most exact directions for the making all kind of 
 Pastes, with the perfect way teaching how to Raise, Season, 
 and make all sorts of Pies, Pasties, Tarts, and Florentines, etc., 
 now practised by the most famous and expert Cooks, both 
 French and English. 
 
 As also the perfect English Cook, or right method of the whole 
 Art of Cookery, with the true ordering of French, Spanish, 
 and Italian Kickshaws, with Alamo de varieties for Persons of 
 Honour. 
 
 To which is added, the way of dressing all manner of Flesh, 
 Fowl, and Fish, and making admirable Sauces, after the most 
 refined way of French and Enghsh. 
 
73 
 
 The like never extant ; 
 
 With fifty-five ways of dressing of Eggs. 
 
 By Mounsieur Marnettc. 
 
 Printed at London for Nath. Brooks at the Angel in Cornhil, 
 
 1656. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to O in twelves ; a blank page ; A to B in twelves, the last seven 
 leaves being advertisements ; dedication, letter to the readei, table of 
 contents, label (A12) with " The perfect Cook " across the page, pages 
 1-312 (there are errors in paging), blank leaf, pages 1-34 under the 
 title of " The Perfect English Cooke." There is no table of contents 
 to the second part. There is a frontispiece of two men and a woman 
 in a kitchen. Above it is "The French Pastery-Cooke," below " Sold 
 at the Angell in Cornhill, bj' N. Brooke, 1656. Ro. Vaughan sculp." 
 The head-line to the second part is sometimes " The perfect English 
 Cook," sometimes " The English Cook." 
 
 London, printed for Obadiah Blagrave at the Black Bear and 
 Star in St. Pauls Church- Yard, over against the Little North- 
 Door, 1686. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 
 A has 6 leaves, B to K in twelves, the last leaf being advertisements ; 
 letter to the reader, table of contents to both parts, pages 1-2 13. 
 There is no frontispiece to my copy. 
 
 ARCHIMAGIRUS ANGLO-GALLICUS : 
 
 or, Excellent & approved Receipts and Experiments in Cookery 
 
 Together with the best way of Preserving. 
 
 As also. Rare Formes of Sugar- works : 
 
 According to the French Mode, and English Manner. 
 
 Copied from a choice Manuscript of Sir Theodore Mayerne 
 
 Knight, Physician to the late K. Charles. 
 
 Magistro Artis, Edere est Esse. 
 
 Printed for G. Bedell, and T. Collins, and are to be sold at 
 
 their shop at the Middle-Temple-Gate, in Fleet-street, 1658. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 .\ has 4 leaves ; the catchword on A4 is misleading, as it seems to 
 point to a missing dedication instead of to head-line ; B to Gs in 
 twelves; publisher to the reader, pages i-iu, table of contents 8 
 
74 
 
 pages of advertisements. There is a half-title on page 69, Expcrpiments 
 in Sugar-works, and corresponding head-lines from here to page 93. 
 Page 94 is blank. There is a half-title on page 95, " The best way of 
 preserving, etc.," and similar head-lines from here to page 112. The 
 title-page is printed in red and black. 
 
 THE ACCOMPLISHT COOK, 
 
 Or the Art and Mystery of Cookery. Wherein the whole Art 
 is revealed in a more easie and perfect Method, then hath been 
 pubhsht in any Language, Expert and ready wayes for the 
 Dressing of all sorts of Flesh, Fowl, and Fish ; the Raising of 
 Pastes ; the best Directions for all manner of Kickshaws, 
 and the most Poinant Sauces ; with the Tearms of Carving 
 and Sewing. An exact Account of all Dishes for the Season ; 
 with other a la mode Curiosities. Together with the lively 
 Illustrations of such necessary Figures as are referred to 
 Practice. 
 
 Approved by the Fifty Years Experience and Industry of 
 Robert May, in his attendance on several Persons of Honour. 
 London, printed by R. W. for Nath. Brooke, at the Sign of 
 the Angel in Cornhill, 1660. 
 
 B. M. P. 
 
 Small 8° ; A to Hh in eights, three leaves and part of a fourth being 
 occupied with advertisements ; dedication, preface, story of life, 
 triumphs and trophies for festivals, poems by James Parry and John 
 Town, carving and sewing, bills of fare, pages 1-447, table of contents. 
 There is a portrait with " ^Eatis Suae 71, 1660," in background, and 
 beneath the lines : — 
 
 " What ! wouldst thou view but in one face 
 
 all hospitalitie, the race 
 
 of those that for the Gusto stand, 
 
 whose tables a whole Ark comand 
 
 of Nature's plentie, wouldst thou see 
 
 this sight, peruse May's booke, tis hee. 
 J a. Parry 
 For Nathaniell Brooke, att the Angell in CornehDl." 
 According to Granger (Biog. Hist., 4. 68) the portrait is by Gay wood. 
 Southey quotes the title-page in Omniana 2.70. 
 
75 
 
 The second Edition, with large Additions throughout the 
 
 whole Work ; besides two hundred Figures of several Forms 
 
 for all manner of bake't Meats, (either Flesh of Fish) as Pyes, 
 
 Tarts, Custards, Cheesecakes, and Florentines, placed in 
 
 Tables and directed to the pages they appertain to. 
 
 London, printed by R. Wood, for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel 
 
 in Cornhill near the Royal Exchange, 1665. 
 
 The third edition. 
 
 London, printed by J. Winter, for Nath. Brooke, at the Angel 
 
 in Cornhill neer the Royal Exchange, 1671. 
 
 The third edition. 
 
 London, printed for N. Brooke, and are to be sold by Tho; 
 
 Archer at his shop under the Dyal of St. Dimstans Church in 
 
 Fleet Street, 1671. 
 
 Both in B. M. 
 
 8° ; A to li iu eights ; pages 1-461, 9 pages of advertisements. 
 
 The fourth edition. 
 
 London, printed for Robert Hartford at the Angel in Cornhill, 
 
 near the Royal Exchange, 1678. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Identical with edition of 1671 except that it stops at Ii4 with only 
 
 one page of advertisements. 
 
 The fifth edition. 
 
 London, printed for Obadiah Blagrave at the Bear and Star 
 
 in St. Pauls Church- Yard, 1685. 
 
 B. M. P. 
 
 Identical with edition of 167 1 ; 9 pages of advertisements. 
 
 THE WHOLE BODY OF COOKERY DISSECTED, 
 
 Taught, and fully manifested. Methodically, Artificially, and 
 
 according to the best Tradition of the English, French, Italian, 
 
 Dutch, etc. 
 
 Or, a Sympathie of all varieties in Naturall Compounds in 
 
 that Mysterie. 
 
 Wherein is contained certain Bills of Fare for the Seasons oi 
 
 the year, for Feasts and Common Diets. 
 
76 
 
 Whereunto is annexed a Second Part of Rare Receipts of 
 Cookery ; With certain useful Traditions. 
 With a Book of Preserving, Conserving and Candying, after 
 the most Exquisite and Newest manner : Delectable for 
 Ladies and Gentlewomen. 
 
 London, printed by R. W. for Giles Calvert, at the sign of the 
 black Spread Eagle, at the West end of Pauls, 1661. 
 
 Bod. 
 
 A with 8 leaves, a with 8, b with 4, B to S4 in eights. Dedication 
 signed Will. Rabisha, letter to reader, commendatory poem, bills of 
 fare, tables of contents, pages 1-260, letter to reader signed W. R., 
 followed by a description of George Nevill's feast in 1468. 
 London, printed for E. Calvert, at the sign of the black Spread 
 Eagle, at the West end of St. Pauls, 1673: 
 
 Bod: 
 A with 8 leaves, a with 8, b with 4, B to U4 in eights. 
 The Second Edition. 
 By William Rabisha. 
 
 London, printed for E. C. and are to be sold by Francis Smith, 
 at the Elephant and Castle near the Royal Exchange in Corn- 
 hil, 1675. 
 
 B; M. 
 
 A with 8 leaves, a with 8, b with 4, B to U4 in eights. 
 Watt notes an edition of 1682. 
 
 THE LADIES DIRECTORY, 
 
 In Choice Experiments & Curiosities of Preserving and Candy- 
 ing both Fruits & Flowers. Also an Excellent way of making 
 Cakes and other Comfits : With Rarities of many Precious 
 Waters (among which are several Consumption Drinks, 
 Approved of by the Doctors) and Perfumes. By Hanna 
 Woolley, who hath had the Honour to perform such things 
 the Entertainment of His late Majesty, as well as for the 
 Nobility. 
 
 To prevent Counterfeits : Take Notice, that these books are 
 no where to be had, but from the Authress, and at Peter 
 Drings at the Sun in the Poultery, Book-seller ; and at Tho. 
 
77 
 
 Milbourns, Printer, in Jewen street near Aldersgate-Street : 
 Who also sells for her, a most excellent Cordial-Powder, and 
 very soveraign Pils, 
 London, printed by Tho. Milbourn for the Authress 1661. 
 
 B. M. 
 A to Hs in twelves ; dedication, table of contents, pages i-i 1 1. There 
 is no frontispiece in this edition. 
 
 London, printed by T. M. for Peter Dring, at the Sun, next 
 Dore to the Rose Taverne in the Poultry, 1662. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 This is exactly similar to the 1661 edition, except that the title-page 
 is altered, the dedication is curtailed, and there is a frontispiece of a 
 lady and her cook in a kitchen, with the lettering, " The Ladies Direc- 
 tory, in Choice Experiments and Curiosities. 
 
 A BOOK OF KNOWLEDGE 
 
 In three parts, etc., etc. 
 
 Composed by Samuel Strangehopes. 
 
 London, printed for Charles Tyns, at the three Bibles on 
 
 London-Bridge, 1663, 
 
 B. M. 
 12° ; A to M in eights. I have an edition of 1679 (A to K in eights) 
 and the B. M. one of 1696 (A to K in eights). 
 
 THE COOKS GUIDE : 
 
 or. Rare Receipts for Cookery. PubUshed and set forth 
 particularly for Ladies and Gentlewomen ; being very beneficial 
 for all those that desire the true way of dressing of all sorts of 
 Flesh, Fowles, and Fish ; the best Directions for all manner 
 of Kickshaws, and the most Ho-good Sawces : Whereby 
 Noble Persons and others in their Hospitalities may be grati- 
 fied in their Gusto's. Never before Printed. 
 By Hannah Wolley, 
 
 London, printed for Peter Dring at the Sun in the Poultry, 
 next door to the Rose-Tavern, 1664. 
 
 B. M. 
 12° ; A with 8 and a with 4 leaves, B to H3 in eights ; dedicationj 
 preface, table of contents, pages i-ioo, postscript. 
 
78 
 
 CHOICE AND EXPERIMENTED RECEIPTS 
 
 in Physick and Chirurgery, as also Cordial and Distilled Waters 
 
 and Spirits, Perfumes, and other Curiosities, 
 
 Collected by the Honourable and truly learned Sir Kenelm 
 
 Digby, Kt., Chancellour to Her Majesty the Queen Mother. 
 
 Translated out of several Languages, by G. H. 
 
 London, printed for the Author, and are to be sold by H. 
 
 Brome, at the Star in Litte Britain, 1668. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Small 8° ; A has 4 leaves, a label on Ai, B-X in eights ; dedication, 
 pages 1-308, table of receipts. There is a portrait of Digby as frontis- 
 piece. By the side of the head are five volumes labelled, " Plants, 
 Sun. Powder, his Cookery, Rects. in Physick, etc., Sr. K. Digby of 
 Bodyes." The lettering below reads, " The truly learned and Hono- 
 ble Sr. Kenelme Digby Kt., Chancellor to the Q. Mother. Aged 62. 
 Cross sculpsit." 
 
 The B. M. copy omits on the title-page " and are to be sold . . . Litte 
 Britain." Professor Osier's copy has a leaf after the label leaf with the 
 advertisement : — 
 
 " There is now in the Press an Excellent Treatise of Cookery ; 
 
 whereunto is added, Directions for making most sorts of Drinks, 
 
 as Cider, Cherry Wine, Mathegliii, etc., by the Honorable Sir 
 
 Kenelme Digby, Knight." 
 
 The Second Edition Corrected and Amended. 
 
 London, printed by Andrew Clark, for Henry Brome, at the 
 
 Gun at the West-End of St. Pauls, 1675. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Small 8° ; A to K in eights, Ks having label ; dedication, pages 1-146, 
 table of receipts. The lettering of the frontispiece is slightly altered. 
 
 THE CLOSET OF THE EMINENTLY LEARNED SIR 
 KENELME DIGBY, KT., OPENED : 
 
 Whereby is Discovered several Ways for making of Metheglin, 
 Sider, Cherry- Wine, together with Excellent Directions for 
 Cookery, as also for Preserving, Conserving, Candying. 
 Published by his Son's Consent. 
 
79 
 
 London, printed by E, C. for H. Brome, at the Star in Little 
 Britain, 1669. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Small 8° ; A has 4 leaves, one blank, B to Y2 in eights ; dedication, 
 pages 1-3 12, table of contents. There is a portrait as frontispiece 
 inscribed, " The truly Learned and Hon-ble Sr. Kenelme Digby, Kt., 
 Chancellor to the Q. Mother. Aged 62. Cross sculpsit." 
 An edition catalogued in the Bodleian as 1699 has 1669 on its title- 
 page, but the second 6 looks as if it had been altered with a pen. The 
 title-page is a little different from the one given above. 
 London, printed by E. C. & A. C. for H. Brome, at the West- 
 End of St. Pauls, 1671. 
 
 C. 
 
 Small 8° ; A to R4 in eights ; letter to reader, pages 1-25 1, table of 
 
 contents. No portrait. 
 
 The Third Edition Corrected. 
 
 London, printed by H. C. for H. Brome, at the West-End of 
 
 St. Pauls, 1677. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Small 8° ; A to R4 in eights ; dedication, pages 1-25 1, table of con- 
 tents. 
 
 There are translations compiled from Hartmann and Digby in French, 
 German, and Dutch. 
 
 THE QUEEN-LIKE CLOSET 
 
 or Rich Cabinet : Stored with all manner of Rare Receipts 
 
 for Preserving, Candying and Cookery. Very Pleasant and 
 
 Beneficial to all Ingenious Persons of the Female Sex. 
 
 By Hannah Wolley. 
 
 Printed for R. Lowndes at the White Lion in Duck-Lane near 
 
 West-Smithfield, 1670. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A with 6 leaves, Ai being blank and A2 containing only licejise, B to 
 T4 in twelves ; dedication, letter to ladies, a poem, pages 1-179, title- 
 page to second part, pages 183-349, letter to reader followed by bills 
 of fare, etc., on pages 353-380, table of contents to each part, postscript. 
 There is a frontispiece with five views of distillery and kitchen ; it is 
 engraved at the head with " The Queen-like Closet or Rich Cabinet," 
 and at the foot with " Printed for Rich. Lownes at the White Lion in 
 Duck Layne, neare West Smithfield, 1670." 
 
8o 
 
 The Second Edition.- 
 
 London, printed for Richard Lowndes at the White Lion in 
 
 Duck Lane near West-Smithfield, 1672. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A with 6 leaves, Ai being blank and A 2 containing only license, 
 B to Re in twelves ; there are two pages of advertisements on Re. 
 Identical with the 1670 edition edition except that the groups of pages 
 are 1-155, 159-31 1, 315-344. With the B. M. copy is bound the sup- 
 plement of 1674. 
 
 The Third Edition. To which is added a Supplement, etc. 
 Printed for Richard Lowndes at the White Lion in Duck-Lane, 
 near West-Smithfield, 1675. 
 B. M. A. W. O. Library of Pharmaceutical Society. 
 
 Identical with 1672 edition. The Supplement has a title-page dated 
 1674 ; A with 8 leaves irregularly numbered, B to K4 in twelves ; 
 poem, preface, advertisement as to where mistresses and servants can 
 find Mrs. WoUey, table of contents, pages 1-200. 
 
 The Fourth Edition. 
 
 London, printed for R. Chiswell at the Rose and Cfown in 
 St. Paul's Church-yard, and T. Sawbridge at the Three 
 Flowers-de-luce in Little Britain, 1681. 
 
 B. M: 
 A with six leaves, Ai being blank, and A 2 containing only license. 
 Identical with 1672 edition, except that pagination to Supplement is 
 continuous with the body of the work. The Supplement is dated 1680. 
 The Fifth Edition. 
 
 London, printed for R. Chiswell at the Rose and Crown in St. 
 Paul's Church-yard, and T. Sawbridge at the Three Flowers- 
 de-luce in Little Britain, 1684. 
 
 B. M. 
 A with six leaves, Ai and A 2 as before, B to Ne in twelves ; the 
 groups of pages are 1-120, 123-242, 244-264. Supplement is A with 
 12 leaves, then Bb to Gg in twelves. It is dated 1684. The adver- 
 tisement is omitted. 
 
 THE LADIES DELIGHT, 
 
 or, a Rich Closet of Choice Experiments & Curiosities, con- 
 taining the Art of Preserving & Candying both Fruits and 
 Flowers : Together with The Exact Cook, or The Art of 
 
8i 
 
 Dressing all sorts of Flesh, Fowl, and Fish. By Hannah 
 WooUey. To which is Added : The Ladies Physical Closet : 
 or Excellent Receipts, and Rare Waters for Beautifying the 
 Face and Body. 
 
 London, printed by E. Milbourn, for N. Crouch, in Exchange- 
 Alley over against the Royall-Exchange in Cornhil, 1672. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to Q in twelves ; only two leaves in A and four in Q. Pages 
 1-300 followed by bills of fare and table of contents ; the pagination 
 is continuous throughout, but " The Exact Cook" has a separate title- 
 page, dedication, and headlines, and " The Ladies Physical Closet " 
 has a separate title-page, headlines, and a final note. The title-pages 
 are : — 
 
 (i) The Exact Cook : or Excellent Receipts for Cookery, being the 
 True way of Dressing all sorts of Flesh, Fowls, and Fish, with 
 the best Directions for making of all manner of Cickshawes, 
 Pyes, and the most curious Sauces : whereby Noble Persons 
 and others in their Hospitalities, may be gratifyed in their 
 gusto's. By Hannah Wolley. 
 
 London, printed by E. Milbourn, for Nathaniel Crouch, 1672. 
 (2) The Ladies Physical Closet, or Choice Receipts and Experiments 
 in Physick and Chyrurgery. With some Excellent Waters 
 for Beautifying and Adorning the Face and Body. And 
 some Rare Receipts in Cookery ; with Bills of Fare for all the 
 Seasons in the Year. 
 
 London, printed by Tho. Milbourn for Nath. Crouch, 1672. 
 The frontispiece — a lady and her cook in the kitchen — is the same as 
 that in the 1662 edition of " The Ladies Directory " ; the word " de- 
 light " is substituted for " directory." 
 
 The B. M. has a German edition of this book, entitled " Frauen-Zimmers 
 Zeit-Vertreib," printed at Hamburg in 1674. The name is given as 
 Anna Wolley. It has a somewhat similar frontispiece by Hensbergen. 
 
 THE GENTLEWOMANS COMPANION; 
 or, a guide to the Female Sex : containing Directions of 
 Behaviour, in all Places, Companies, Relations, and Condi- 
 tions, from their Childhood down to Old Age, viz., as, 
 
 Children to Parents. ] [ Huswifes to the House. 
 
 Scholars to Governours. | | Mistresses to Servants. 
 
 Single to Servants. J- ^ Mothers to Children. 
 
 Virgins to Suitors. j | Widows to the World. 
 
 Married to Husbands. J [ Prudent to all. 
 
 G 
 
82 
 
 With Letters and Discourses upon all Occasions. 
 
 Whereunto is added, a Guide for Cook-maids, Dairy-maids, 
 
 Chamber-maids, and all others that go to Service. 
 
 The whole being an exact Rule for the Female Sex in General. 
 
 By Hannah Wcolley, 
 
 London, printed by A. Maxwell for Dorman Newman at the 
 
 Kings-Arms in the Poultry, 1673. 
 
 A. W. O. P. 
 
 A with 8 leaves, the first blank ; b has 4 leaves ; B to S in eights ; 
 dedication, table of contents, pages 1-262, a blank leaf, 8 pages of ad- 
 vertisements. There is no portrait in my copy. 
 London, printed by A. Maxwell for Edward Thomas, at the 
 Adam and Eve in Little Brittain, 1675. 
 
 B. M: A. W. O. 
 
 The title-page is printed in black and red. In place of blank page is 
 portrait of lady* as frontispiece, with coat of arms and " W. Faithorne 
 sculpt." The blank S5 is filled with an advertisement of " Doctor 
 Sermon's most famous, safe, cathartique and diuretique pills : . . . 
 wherewith was cured his Grace the late Lord General Monck of the 
 Dropsie in June and July, 1669." Only 7 pages of advertisements. 
 The Third Edition. 
 
 London, printed by T. J. for Edward Thomas at the Adam and 
 Eve in Little Brittain, 1682. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Same portrait ; title-page in black and red ; A to S6 in twelves ; 
 dedication, table of contents, pages 1-37 1, advertisement page of 
 Sermon's pill and Dr. Beckett's Tinctura Solis. 
 
 THE ENGLISH AND FRENCH COOK, 
 
 Describing the best and newest ways of ordering and dressing 
 all sorts of Flesh, Fish, and Fowl, whether boiled, baked, 
 stewed, roasted, broiled, frigassied, fryed, souc'd, marrinated, 
 or pickled ; with their proper Sauces and Garnished : To- 
 gether with all manner of the most approved Soops and Potages 
 used, either in England or France. 
 
 ■* According to Walpole (Anecdotes of Painting, III, 910) this is a 
 portrait of Mrs. Sarah Gilley. 
 
83 
 
 By T. P., J. P., R, C, N. B., and several other approved Cooks 
 
 of London and Westminster, 
 
 London, printed for Simon Miller at the Star, at the West-end 
 
 of St. Paul's, 1674. 
 
 A. W. O. Bod. 
 
 A has 6 leaves, the first three blank, the fourth with label ; B to X4 in 
 twelves, followed by 4 leaves of advertisements and 2 blank leaves ; 
 epistle, pages 1-450, table of contents. 
 
 According to Arber there was an edition called " The compleat English 
 and French Cook " in 1690, and another edition under the title, " The 
 Compleat Cook " in 1694. 
 
 THE GENTLEWOMANS CABINET UNLOCKED, 
 
 Wherein is contained many excellent Receipts for neat 
 
 Dressing of divers sorts of Meats ; as Flesh and Fish, with 
 
 their Proper Sauces. Also Directions for the best way of 
 
 making 
 
 Pancakes 1 I Puddings | / And such 
 Fritters | Custards ,- like fine 
 
 Tansies \ f Cheesecakes ) ( Knacks. 
 
 And other Delicate Dishes, which are most frequently used in 
 
 Gentlemens Houses. 
 
 Printed for W. Thackeray and T. Passenger. 
 
 B. M. 
 Small 8° ; A to B4 ; there is no date. 
 The Seventh Impression, with New Editions. 
 London, printed by E. C. and are to be sold by John William- 
 son at the Bible and Sun on London-bridge, 1675. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 Exactly similar to the first edition. 
 
 The Eighth Impression. 
 
 London, printed by E, Crouch, and are to be sold by F, Coles, 
 
 T, Viere, and J. Wright, 1673. 
 
 B. M. 
 This is probably a misprint for 1678. The only difference from former 
 editions is that in B the lines are closer, and so the last page has very 
 little on it. 
 
84 
 
 THE ACCOMPLISH'D LADY'S DELIGHT ; 
 
 In Preserving, Physick, Beautifying, and Cookery. 
 
 Containing, 
 I. The Art of Preserving, and Candying Fruits and Flowers, 
 and the making of all sorts of Conserves, Syrups, and 
 Jellies. 
 II. The Physical Cabinet, or, Excellent Receipts in Physick 
 and Chirurgery ; Together with some Rare Beautifying 
 waters, to adorn and add Loveliness to the Face and 
 Body : And also some New and Excellent Secrets and 
 Experiments in the Art of Angling. 
 
 III. The Compleat Cooks Guide, or, directions for dressing all 
 sorts of Flesh, Fowl, and Fish, both in the English and 
 French Mode, with all Sauces and Sallets, and the 
 making Pyes, Pasties, Tarts, and Custards, with the 
 Forms and Shapes of many of them. 
 
 The Second Edition Enlarged. 
 
 London, printed for B. Harris, and are to be Sold at his Shop, 
 
 at the Stationers Arms in Swithins Rents near the Royal 
 
 Exchange, 1677. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to Q in twelves ; preface, pages 1-380, including three tables of 
 contents at the end. The preface is signed T. P. There is a portrait of 
 a lady on frontispiece, with the lettering, " London, printed for 
 Benjamin Harris" ; round a half-title are views of distillery, boudoir, 
 and kitchen. On page 190 is an angling scene, opposite page 206 
 drawings of eight varieties of fish, opposite pages 272 and 273 shapes of 
 pastry. There are separate title-pages to Part II, to the art of angling, 
 and to Part III. 
 
 According to Arber the first edition was printed in London for 
 " Ben Harris in Sweeting's Alley, in Cornhill, 1675." 
 .The third edition was 1683. A copy of it was sold at Sotheby's 
 on Nov. 30, 1898. 
 The fourth edition enlarged. 
 
 London, printed tor Benjamin Harris, at the Stationers Arms 
 and Anchor, in the Piazza, at the Royal-Exchange in Cornhil, 
 
 1684. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to K in twelves ; pages 1-20S. . .. 
 
85 
 
 The Fifth Edition enlarged. 
 
 London, printed for Benjamin Harris, at the Stationers Arms 
 
 and Anchor, in the Piazza, at the Royal Exchange in Cornhil, 
 
 1685. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A to Ke in twelves ; pages 1-208. At the beginning of the B. M. copy 
 
 have been inserted a deaf and dumb alphabet and " a true lover's 
 
 knot." 
 
 According to Arber the sixth edition was 1686. In place of 
 
 the Art of Anghng are directions for starching, washing, etc., 
 
 which are stated to be the " First Impression." Both sold by 
 
 B. Billingsley at the Printing Press in Cornhill, 1686. 
 
 The seventh edition enlarged. 
 
 London, printed by B. Harris, in Maiden-head- Court in Great 
 
 East-Cheap, 1696. 
 
 A with 6 leaves, B to Ke in twelves, the last two leaves blank, pages 
 
 I -1 78 followed by table of contents. Below portrait is " Sold by 
 
 William Hunt at the Ball in St. Paul's Alley at the West End of St. 
 
 Paul's." No Art of Angling or plates relating to it, but in its place are 
 
 directions for starching and washing. 
 
 KITCHIN-PHYSICK : 
 
 By way of Dialogue betwixt 
 
 Philanthropos, J i Physician, 
 Eugenius, v -| Apothecary, 
 
 Lazarus, ) ( Patient. 
 
 With Rules and Directions, how to prevent Sickness, and cure 
 
 Diseases by Dyet, and such things as are daily sold in the 
 
 Market : as also, for the better enabling of Nurses, and such 
 
 as attend sick People, there being nothing as yet extant 
 
 (though much desired) of this Nature. 
 
 London, printed for the Author, and are to be sold by T. 
 
 Basset at the George near Clifford's Inne in Fleet-street, 1676. 
 
 B. M: 
 
 Small 8° ; A with 4 leaves, B to G4 in eights. There is a second title- 
 page :— 
 
 A Practical and Short Discourse of Stoving and Bathing, with direc- 
 tions how to Prepare, and make Artificial Baths, against such Diseases, 
 
86 
 
 as cannot be cured by the Natural Bathes at Bath, as Consumptions, 
 Hectick Feavers, and the like. 
 
 As also, for the better accommodating those Persons, whose Concernes, 
 Sudden Sickness, and Infirmities, will not permit them to go to the 
 Bath. 
 
 London, printed for the Author, and are to be sold by T. Basset at the 
 George near Clifford's Inne in Fleet street, 1676. 
 
 Dedication signed Thom. Cocke, preface, advertisement to patient, 
 N. B., pages 17-87. 
 
 Title-page dated, 1675, to supplement, which is B to E in eights ; dedi- 
 cation, pages 1-68. Opposite page 24 is a plate of a portable bath, very 
 like the present cabinets for bathing. 
 
 THE PLAIN DEALING POULTERER: or, A Poulterer's 
 
 Shop Opened : With 
 
 All Sorts of Ware, and how to know the Young from the Old, 
 
 being Dead or Alive: 
 
 Also how to Feed and Fatten Fowl in a short time, with other 
 
 things necessary to be known. 
 
 Very useful for Gentlemen and others, that they may not 
 
 be Deceived. 
 
 By Adam Shewring, a Poulterer. 
 
 If that thou intend well to fare, 
 
 Be wise in Chusing Poulter's ware. 
 London, printed by C. Brome, at the Gun at the West-end of 
 
 Saint Paul's, 1677. 
 
 B. M. 
 8° ; A to D3 in fours ; epistle, pages 1-26. 
 
 THE COMPLEAT SERVANT-MAID; 
 
 or the Young Maidens Tutor. 
 
 Directing them how they may fit, and qualifie themselves for 
 
 any of these Employments, viz.. 
 
 Waiting- Woman, ] f Nursery-Maid, 
 
 House-keeper, | j Dairy-Maid, 
 
 Chamber- Maid, ^ ■{ Laundry- Maid, 
 
 Cook-Maid, | j House-Maid, 
 
 Under Cook-Maid, J [ Scullery- Maid. 
 
87 
 
 Composed for the great benefit and advantage of all young 
 
 Maidens. 
 
 London, printed for T. Passinger, at the Three Bibles on 
 
 London Bridge, 1677. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A has 6 leaves, the first having only the license, B to H in twelves ; 
 epistle, pages 1-167, three pages of advertisements. There are two 
 engraved plates of handwriting. 
 
 VVhereunto is added a Supplement, containing the choicest 
 Receipts and rarest Secrets in Physick and Chirurgery. 
 The fifth edition. Corrected and amended. 
 London, printed for Tho. Passenger .... 1691. Small 8°, 
 A to H6 in twelves. This is given by HazUtt. 
 
 RARE AND EXCELLENT RECEIPTS, 
 
 Experienced and Taught by Mrs. Mary Tillinghast, and now 
 Printed for the Use of her Scholars only. 
 London, printed in the Year 1678. 
 
 B. M. 
 A, B in eights ; pages 1-30 ; no table of contents. 
 London, printed in the year 1690. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Identical with the former edition, except that it has an additional 
 receipt (XLVI) on the last page. Both my copy and the B. M. copy 
 have bound with this the 1690 edition of " The Young Cook's Monitor." 
 
 A NEW DIGESTER, 
 
 or Engine for softening Bones, containing the Description of 
 
 its Make and Use in these Particulars, viz., 
 
 Cookery, Voyages at Sea, Confectionary, Making of Drinks, 
 
 Chymistry, and Dying. 
 
 With an Account of the Price a good big Engine will cost, and 
 
 of the Profit it will afford. 
 
 By Denys Papin, M.D., Fellow of the Royal Society. 
 
88 
 
 London, printed by J. M. for Henry Bonwicke at the Red Lyon 
 in S. Paul's Church-yard, 1681. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to R in fours, the last two pages being blank ; there is a blank page 
 at the beginning and a folding plate after A4 ; dedication, preface, 
 index, pages 1-54. Opposite the title-page, " At a Meeting of the 
 Council of the Royal Society, Decemb. 8th, 1680. Ordered, That a 
 Book intituled A New Digester, or Engine for softening Bones, etc. 
 Written by Denys Papin, Doctor of Physick, and Fellow of this Society, 
 be printed and Published, Chr. Wren." Vicaire quotes two French 
 editions, which, with a third, are in the library of the Medical Society. 
 Evelyn once had a dinner prepared by this engine, vide Diary III, 82, 
 83. 
 
 A CONTINUATION OF THE NEW DIGESTER OF 
 BONES. 
 
 Its improvements and new uses it hath been applyed to, both 
 
 for Sea and Land. 
 
 Together with some Improvements and new Uses of the Air- 
 
 Pump, tryed both in England and in Italy. 
 
 By Denis Papin, M.D., Fellow of the Royal Society. 
 
 London, printed by Joseph Streater, near Pauls-Wharf in 
 
 Thames-street, and are to be sold by the Book-Sellers in 
 
 London, 1687. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A with 3 leaves, B to R2 in fours, folding plates after A3 ; dedication, 
 address to readers, pages 1-124. There is an imprimatur from the 
 Royal Society. 
 
 THE TRUE PRESERVER AND RESTORER OF 
 HEALTH : 
 
 Being a Choice Collection of Select and Experienced Remedies 
 for all Distempers incident to Men, Women, and Children. 
 Selected from, and Experienced by the most Famous Phy- 
 sicians and Chjnrurgeons of Europe. 
 
 Together with Excellent Directions for Cookery ; as also for 
 Preserving, and Conserving, and making all sorts of Metheglin, 
 Sider, Cherry- Wine, etc. 
 
89 
 
 With the Description of an Ingenious and Useful Engin for 
 Dressing of Meat, and for DistiUing the Choicest Cordial 
 Waters without Wood, Coals, Candle, or Oyl. 
 PubUshed for the Publick-good by G. Hartman, Chymist. 
 London, printed by T. B., and are to be sold at his House in 
 Hewes-Court in Black-Friers, 1682. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A has 10 leaves ; B to Ee in eights, followed by A to B in eights ; 
 
 dedication, letter to reader, index of both parts, description of engine 
 
 with diagram, pages 1-352 ; title-page to second part, pages i to 80, 
 
 followed by a collection of receipts on pages 1-32. Hartman was 
 
 steward to Sir Kenelm Digby according to Arber's Term Catalogues, 
 
 II, 16. 
 
 The Second Edition, with Additions. 
 
 London, Printed by T. B. and are to be sold by Randol Taylor, 
 
 near Stationers Hallj 1684; 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A has 8 leaves, there being no description of engine, otherwise the book 
 is the same as 1682. The additions mentioned do not exist. The 
 title-page to the second part is dated 1682. 
 
 Mrs. Pennell has a copy which is called the second edition, and which 
 is identical with the edition of 1682, with the exception of the title-page. 
 This begins, " Hartman's Curiosities of Art and Nature, or. The true 
 preserver and restorer of health, etc., etc., and professes to give receipts 
 for destroying buggs and rats, and for many other things, which of 
 course are not in the book itself. It was " printed by A. C. at the Ring 
 in Little Britain, pr. 3s. Where is sold A thousand Notable Things 
 to prevent the Plague and all Distempers ; The Way to get Wealth 
 and The Way to save Wealth." 
 
 A PERFECT SCHOOL OF INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE 
 OFFICERS OF THE MOUTH: 
 
 Shewing the whole Art of 
 
 A Master of the \ ; A Master Confectioner 
 
 Houshold ( ] A Master Cook 
 
 A Master Carver jf j A Master Pastryman 
 
 A Master Butler ) ( 
 
 Being a Work of singular Use for Ladies and Gentlewomen, and 
 
 all Persons whatsoever that are desirous to be acquainted with 
 
90 
 
 the most Excellent Arts of Carving, Cookery, Pastry, Pre- 
 serving, and Laying a Cloth for Grand Entertainments. The 
 like never before extant in any Language. 
 Adorned with Pictures curiously Ingraven, displaying the 
 whole Arts. 
 
 By Giles Rose, one of the Master Cooks in His Majesties 
 Kitchen. 
 
 London, printed for R. Bentley and M. Magnes, in Russel- 
 street, in Covent-Garden, 1682. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. P. 
 
 A to Bbe in twelves ; dedication, letter to the reader, contents, pages 
 1-563. This is a translation of " L'escole parfaite des officiers de 
 Bouche," which was published at Paris in 1662. 
 
 THE YOUNG COOKS MONITOR : 
 
 or Directions for Cookery and DistiUing, Being a choice Com- 
 pendium of Excellent Receipts, made Publick for the Use 
 and Benefit of my Schollars. By M. H. 
 London, printed by William Downing in Great St. Bartholo- 
 mew-Close, 1683. 
 
 B. M. 
 Small 8° ; A to K in eights; dedication, pages 1-149, table of contents ; 
 there are two blank pages before title-page. 
 The Second Edition, with large Additions. 
 Printed for the Author, at her House in Lime-street, 1690. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 Small 8°; A to M in eights; dedication, pages 1-179, there are 
 four blank pages before title-page, table of contents on pages 161- 
 164 ; on pages 165-179 is " An Appendix to the Young Cook's Monitor," 
 which has no table of contents. 
 
 THE ACCOMPLISHED LADIES RICH CLOSET OF 
 RARITIES : 
 
 Or, the Ingenious Gentlewoman and Servant- Maids Delightful 
 Companion. Containing many Excellent Things for the 
 Accomplishment of the Female Sex, after the exactest Manner 
 and Method, viz. 
 
91 
 
 (i) The Art of Distilling. (2) Making Artificial Wines. (3) 
 Making Syrups. (4) Conserving, Preserving, etc. (5) Candy- 
 ing and Drying Fruits, etc. (6) Confectioning. (7) Carving. 
 (8) To make Beautifjdng waters, Oyls, Pomatums, Musk- 
 balls, Perfumes, etc. (9) Physical and Chynirgical Receipts; 
 (10) The Duty of a Wet Nurse ; and to know and cure Diseases 
 in Children, etc. (11) The Compleat Chamber-Maids In- 
 structions in Pickling, making Spoon-meats, Washing, Starch- 
 ing, taking out Spots and Stains, Scowring Gold or Silver- 
 Lace, Point, etc. (12) The Experienced Cook-Maid, or In- 
 structions for Dressing, Garnishing, Making Sawces, serving 
 up ; together, with the Art of Pastry. (13) Bills of Fare. (14) 
 The Accomplished Dairy-Maids Directions, etc. (15) The 
 Judicious Midwives Directions, how Women in Travail before 
 and after Delivery ought to be used ; as also the Child ; and 
 what relates to the Preservation of them both. 
 To which is added a Second Part, Containing Directions for 
 the guidance of a Young Gentlewoman as to her Behaviour 
 and seemly Deportment, etc. 
 The Second Edition, with many Additions. 
 London, printed by W. W. for Nicholas Boddington in Duck- 
 Lane ; and Josiah Blare on London-Bridge, 1687. 
 
 B. M. A. W. O. 
 
 A to K in twelves ; License on back of title, preface signed John Shirley, 
 
 pages 1-23 1. There is a frontispiece consisting of eight scenes of 
 
 kitchen, garden, etc., round a half-title. On pages 126-7 *re shapes of 
 
 pastry. 
 
 The Third Edition, with Additions, Corrected and amended. 
 
 London, printed by W. and J. Wilde, for N. Boddington in 
 
 Duck-Lane ; and J. Blare on London-Bridge, 1691. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 
 A to I in twelves ; license, preface, pages 9-216. The shapes of pastry 
 
 are on pages 124, 5. 
 
 The Fourth Edition with large Additions Corrected and 
 
 Amended. 
 
 London, Printed by W. Wilde for N. Boddington, Duck Lane ; 
 
 and J. Blare on London- Bridge, 169-. 
 
92 
 
 A with 6 leaves, B to Ke in twelves ; pages 9-222. The plates are on 
 pages 119, 120. 
 
 The fifth edition with large additions, corrected and amended. 
 London, printed by W: Wilde, for N. Boddington in Duck 
 Lane ; and J. Blare on London- Bridge, 1696; 
 
 B; M; 
 
 A to H in twelves ; pages 7-192. There is another copy of the fifth 
 edition in the B. M. dated 1699. 
 
 MONTHLY OBSERVATIONS: 
 
 For the preserving of Health, with a Long and Comfortable 
 Life, in this our Pilgrimage on Earth ; but more particularly 
 for the Spring and Summer Seasons. 
 By Phylotheus Physiologus: 
 With Allowance. 
 
 London, printed, and sold, by Andrew Sowle, at the Three 
 Keys in Nags Head-Court in Grace-Church Street, over- 
 against the Conduit, 1688. 
 
 B. M: 
 
 12° ; A to E in eights ; pages 3-44. This contains many receipts for 
 gruel. 
 
 WISDOM'S DICTATES : 
 
 Or, Aphorisms and Rules, Physical, Moral, and Divine ; for 
 Preserving the Health of the Body, and the Peace of the 
 Mind, fit to be regarded and practised by all that would enjoy 
 the Blessings of the present and future World. To which is 
 added A Bill of Fare of Seventy five Noble Dishes of Excellent 
 Food, far exceeding those made of Fish or Flesh, which 
 Banquet I present to the Sons of Wisdom, or such as shall 
 decline that depraved Custom of Eating Flesh and Blood. 
 By Tho. Tryon, Student in Physick, and Author of Pytha- 
 goras' Mystick Philosophy Revived, wherein the Mysteries 
 of Dreams, Visions, Angels, and Spirits are unfolded, and 
 their secret Communications to Mankind. 
 
93 
 
 London, printed for Tho. Salusbury, at the Sign of the Temple 
 near Temple-Bar in Fleetstreet, 1691. 
 
 B. M. 
 12° ; A with 3 leaves, B to Le in twelves ; preface, pages 1-153, the 
 last three occupied with advertisements. 
 London, printed for John Salusbury, at the Rising-Sun in 
 
 Cornhil, 1696. 
 
 B. M; 
 12" ; A with 3 leaves, B to G in twelves ; preface, pages 1-144. 
 
 THE GOOD HOUSE- WIFE MADE A DOCTOR, 
 
 Or, health's choice and sure Friend, being a Plain Way of 
 
 Nature's own prescribing, to Prevent and Cure most Diseases 
 
 incident to Men, Women, and Children, by Diet and Kitchin 
 
 Physick only. With some Remarks on the Practice of Physic 
 
 and Chymistry. 
 
 By Thomas Tryon, Student in Physick ; and Author of the 
 
 Way to Health, Long Life and Happiness, Country-mans 
 
 Companion, The New Art of Brewing, etc. 
 
 The Second Edition. To which is added some Observations 
 
 on the Tedious Methods of Unskilful Chyrurgions ; with 
 
 Cheap and Easie Remedies, by the same Author.- 
 
 London, printed for H. N. and T: S. And are to be Sold by 
 
 Randal Taylor, near Stationers-Hall, 1692. 
 
 B. M: 
 12° ; A with 6 leaves, B to N in twelves, N12 being blank ; preface, 
 table of contents, pages 1-285. 
 
 THE GENTEEL HOUSE-KEEPERS PASTIME : 
 
 Or, the Mode of Carving at the Table Represented in a Pack 
 
 of Playing Cards. 
 
 By which, together with the Instructions in this Book, any 
 
 ordinary Capacity may easily learn how to Cut up or Carve 
 
 in Mode all the most usual Dishes of Flesh, Fish, Fowl, and 
 
 Baked Meats ; and how to make the several Services of the 
 
 same at the Table ; with the several Sawces and Garnishes 
 
 proper to each Dish of Meat. 
 
94 
 
 Set forth by several of the best Masters in the Faculty of 
 Carving, and Published for publick Use. 
 London, printed for J. Moxon, and sold at his Shop at the 
 Atlas in Warwick-lane ; and at the three Bells in Ludgate- 
 street, 1693. 
 
 Bod. 
 12° ; A to C in eights. D with 4 leaves contains only advertisements. 
 The pack of cards is not with the book. 
 
 THE TRUE WAY OF PRESERVING AND CANDYING. 
 And Making Several Sorts of Sweet-meats, According to the 
 Best and Truest Manner. 
 
 Made Publick for the Benefit of all English Ladies and Gentle- 
 women ; especially for my Scholars. 
 London, printed for the Author, in the Year, MDCXCV. 
 
 A. W. O. 
 Small 8° ; A to K in eights, a blank page both at beginning and end ; 
 dedication, pages 7-154, table of contents. 
 
 MISCELLANIA, 
 
 Or, a Collection of Necessary, Useful, and Profitable Tracts 
 
 on Variety of Subjects, which for their Excellency, and Benefit 
 
 of Mankind, are Compiled in one Volume. 
 
 By Thomas Tryon Physiologus. 
 
 London, printed and sold by T. Sowle in White-Hart-Court 
 
 in Grace-Church-street, 1696. 
 
 B. M. 
 
 A with six leaves followed by A (repeated) to l6 in twelves, H 
 having only six, last leaf blank ; table of contents, preface, pages 1-168. 
 
 THE FAMILY DICTIONARY ; 
 
 Or, Household Companion : Wherein are Alphabetically laid 
 down Exact Rules and Choice Physical Receipts for the Pre- 
 servation of Health, Prevention of Sickness, and Curing the 
 several Diseases, Distempers, and Grievances, incident to 
 Men, Women, and Children. 
 
95 
 
 Also, Directions for Making Oils, Ointments, Salves, Cordial- 
 Waters, Powders, Pills, Bolus's, Lozenges, Chymical Pre- 
 parations, Physical Wines, Ales, and other Liquors, etc., and 
 Descriptions of the Virtues of Herbs, Fruits, Flowers, Seeds, 
 Roots, Barks, Minerals, and Parts of Living Creatures, used 
 in Medicinal Potions, etc. 
 
 Likewise, Directions for Cookery in Dressing Flesh, Fish, 
 Fowl, Seasoning, Garnishing, Sauces, and Serving-up in 
 the Best and most acceptable Manner. The Whole Art of 
 Pastry, Conserving, Preserving, Candying, Confectioning, 
 etc. 
 
 Also the Way of Making all sorts of Perfumes, Beautifying- 
 Waters, Pomatums, Washes, Sweet-Balls, Sweet-Bags, and 
 Essences : Taking Spots and Stains out of Garments, Linnen^ 
 etc., and Preserving them from Moths, etc. Washing Point, 
 Sarsnets, and Restoring Faded Linnen ; and Scowring, or 
 Brightening Tarnished Gold or Silver Lace, Plate, etc. To- 
 gether, with the Art of Making all sorts of English Wines, as 
 Currants, Cherries, Gooseberries, and Cyder, Mead, Metheghn^ 
 etc. And the Arts of Fining and Recovering Foul or Faded 
 Wines. The Mystery of Pickling, and keeping all sorts of 
 Pickles throughout the Year. 
 
 To which is added as an Appendix, the Explanation of Physical 
 Terms, Bills of Fare in all Seasons of the Year. With the 
 Art of Carving and many other Useful Matters. 
 By J. H. 
 
 London, printed for H. Rhodes, at the Star, the Corner of 
 Bride-lane, in Fleet-street, 1695. 
 
 I have not seen this edition, but the title-page was copied for me 
 by the owner of a copy. Mr. F. G. Smart. 
 The Second Edition, Corrected and much Enlarged. 
 By William Salmon, Professor of Physick. 
 London, printed for H. Rhodes, at the Star, the Comer of 
 Bride-lane, in Fleet-street : and sold by R. Clavel at the 
 Peacock against St. Dunstan's Church in Fleetstreet, 1696. 
 
 B. M. P. 
 
 A with 4 leaves, B to Cc in eights ; preface, pages 1-393, seven pages 
 of advertisements. 
 
96 
 
 THE WAY TO SAVE WEALTH. 
 
 London, printed for G. Conyers, at the Golden Ring in Little 
 
 Britain, over-against the Sugar-loaf, 1697. 
 
 B. M. 
 12'; A to Dj in sixes, C having 4 leaves. Pages 1-24 followed 
 by pages 1-12 under the heading of " Notable Things." Bound up 
 with the B. M. copy is another pamphlet called " Notable things." 
 A to B3 in sixes, Ai is missing ; pages 3-24. By Thomas Tryon. 
 
 ACETARIA. A DISCOURSE OF SALLETS, 
 By J. E., S.R.S., Author of the Kalendarium; 
 
 O'l; TravTos di'Spui nmv dpTdaai kuAws. 
 
 Crat. in Glauc. 
 
 London, Printed for B. Tooke, at the Middle-Temple Gate in 
 
 Fleetstreet, 1699. 
 
 B. M. 
 Title-page, A with 8 leaves, a with 8, b with 3, then B to R in eights ; 
 dedication, preface, plan of a royal garden, pages 1-192, appendix, 
 table. There is a folding plate between 108 and 109. 
 By John Evelyn. The quotation is abbreviated from the Glaucos 
 of Cratinus, " It is not in every man's power to season well." 
 
II 
 
 Cookery Books from 1700. 
 
 I have made a list of a few which have come under my notice 
 in case I ever wish to pursue the subject: 
 
 1701. The whole duty of a woman, or, a guide to the female 
 sex from sixteen to sixty, by a lady. Third edition: 
 (B. M.) 
 
 B. M. has also 1707 (4), 1712 (5), and an enlarged edition, called the 
 second, 1740. Mrs. Pennell has 1735 (8). 
 
 1702. The court and country cook, faithfully translated out 
 of French into English by J. K. 
 
 I once saw this book at a sale but have not come across it again. 
 
 1704. A treatise of foods in general by Louis Lemery. 
 
 I have not seen this book, which is given by Hazlitt. The French 
 original is in the B. M. 
 
 1705. Apicii ccelii de opsoniis et condimentis sive arte coqui- 
 naria, hbri decem. Cum annotationibus Martini 
 Lister, e Medicis domesticis serenissimae Majestatis 
 Reginae Annas. . . . Londini, typis Gulielmi 
 Bowyer, MDCCV. (B. M.) 
 
 Watt states that only 120 copies were printed. The second edition, 
 1709, limited to 100 copies, was printed in Amsterdam. 
 
 1705. Beauties Treasury, or, the Ladies Vade Mecum, by 
 J. W. (A. W. 0.) 
 
 1705. The pastry-cook's vade-mecum, or, a pocket com- 
 panion for cooks, house-keepers, country gentlewomen, 
 etc. (Library of the Royal Institution.) 
 
 1708. England's newest way in all sorts of cookery, pastry, 
 and all pickles that are to be used, by Henry Howard, 
 2nd edition. (P.) 
 
 1710 and 1726 (5) in B. M. Mrs. Pennell gives the first edition as 1703. 
 
 97 H 
 
98 
 
 1708. The art of cookery : a poem in imitation of Horace's 
 art of poetry. (B. M.) 
 
 This book, by W. King, is not a cookery book. There are other edi- 
 tions in B. M. and P. 
 
 1709. The Queen's Royal Cookery, by T. Hall. 
 1713 (2) in B. M., p.. A. W. O. ; 1719 (3). 173° (S) io B. M. 
 
 1710. Royal Cookery, or, the complete court-cook, by 
 Patrick Lamb, 2nd edition. (B. M., A. W. 0.) 
 
 1716 (also called 2), 1726 (3), 1731, in B. M. ; 1726 in P. 
 
 1711. New Curiosities in art and nature, by the Sieur Lemery. 
 (B. M.) 
 
 1711, The Compleat Gentlewoman, by Hannah WooUey. 
 
 (A. W. O.) 
 Mrs. Woolley was born in 1623, so this can hardly be an authentic worki 
 
 1714. A Collection of above three hundred receipts in 
 Cookery, physick, and surgery, 2nd edition. (B. M.) 
 1 7 19 (2) and 1734 (s) in P. The book is by Mary Kittilby, who 
 died between 17 19 and 1734. 
 
 1718. Mrs. Mary Eales's receipts, confectioner to her late 
 
 Majesty Queen Anne. (B. M. P.) 
 1733, 1767 (2) in B. M. 
 
 1723. The Cook's and Confectioner's dictionary or the 
 accomphsh'd housewife's companion, by John Nott. 
 (B. M.) 
 
 1724 (2) in P.; 1726 (3) in B. M. 
 
 1723. Court cookery : or the compleat English cook, by 
 Robert Smith. (B. M.) 
 
 1727. The country housewife and lady's director, by R. 
 Bradley, Professor of Botany in the University of 
 Cambridge and F.R.S., 2nd edition. (B. M.) 
 
 1732 (6) in P. 
 
99 
 
 1729. The Compleat housewife or accomplish' d gentle- 
 woman's companion, by E. Smith, 3rd edition. (B. M.) 
 
 1734 (6), 1741 (10), 1742 (II), 1753 (IS) in B. M. 1736 (7) and 1742 in 
 P. Mrs. Pennell has the second edition (1727) and the eighteenth 
 (1773)- 
 
 1730. The Complete practical cook, or, a new system of the 
 whole art and mystery of cookery, by Charles Carter. 
 (B. M.) 
 
 1732. The Compleat city and country cook, or, accomplish'd 
 housewife, by Charles Carter. (B. M., P.) 
 
 1733. The Modem Cook, by Mr. Vincent La Chapelle. (B. M.) 
 1736 (2), a French edition of 1742, 1744 (3) in B. M. ; 1744 in P. Mrs. 
 Pennell has an edition of 1751. 
 
 1733. The Compleat confectioner. ... a collection of 
 all the receipts of the late ingenious Mrs. Eales, con- 
 fectioner to their late Majesties King William and 
 Queen Anne. (B. M.) 
 
 1753 (5) in P. The fourth edition was 1742. 
 
 1734. Five hundred new receipts, by John Middleton, revised 
 and recommended by Mr. Henry Howard; (B. M.) 
 
 1734. The young lady's companion in cookery and pastry, 
 preserving, pickling, candying, &c. (B. M:) 
 
 1737. The Complete family-piece, 2nd edition. (P.) 
 
 1739. The house-keeper's pocket book, and compleat family 
 cook, by Mrs. Sarah Harrison, of Devonshire. (B. M.) 
 1755 in P. ; 1760 (7), 1764 (8), 1777 (9) in B. M. Mrs. Pennell has 1748 
 (4). B. M. has also an edition ^vith no author or date, but with 1783 
 under frontispiece. 
 
 1739. Dictionarium domesticum, by Nathan Bailey; (B; M.) 
 
 1740. The lady's companion, or, an infallible guide to the 
 fair sex, second edition. (Mrs. Pennell.) 
 
100 
 
 1740. An alarm to all persons touching their health and 
 lives, etc., by Jaspar Arnaud, sometime past first 
 cook to the late Duke of Orleands, and now for some 
 time cook in London. (Mrs. Pennell.) 
 
 1740 {circa). E. Kidder's receipts of pastry and cookery. 
 
 (B. M.) 
 The whole book is engraved. There are two editions in B. M. 
 
 1741. The family magazine, by Arabella Atkyns; (B. M.- 
 A. W. O.) 
 
 B. M. has 1754 (4). 
 
 1743. A present for a servant maid. (B. M.) 
 
 By Mrs. Eliza Haywood. A Dublin edition of 1744 in B. M. 
 
 1744; Adam's luxury and Eve's Cookery ; or, the kitchen- 
 garden display'd. (B. M.) 
 This sounds as if it was the first edition of " Primitive Cookery, or the 
 kitchen-garden display'd, 1767," but it seems a different book. 
 
 1744. The instructor, by George Fisher, seventh edition. (P.) 
 
 1763 and 1785 in B. M. 
 
 1745. The accomplish'd housewife, or the gentlewoman's 
 companion. (P.) 
 
 Mrs. Pennell has 1748. 
 
 1745. A treatise of all sorts of foods by Louis Lemery, trans- 
 lated by D. Hay, M.D. (Mrs. Pennell.) 
 
 1747. The art of cookery made plain and easy, by a lady. 
 
 (B. M.) 
 This is the first edition of Mrs. Hannah Glasse ; 1751 (4), 1755, 1760, 
 1765 (9), 1770, 1774, 1784, in B. M. ; 1758 (6), 1784 in P. Mrs. Pennell 
 has 1763 (8). 
 
 1749. English housewifery exemplified in above four hundred 
 and fifty receipts by Elizabeth Moxon. Leedes. (B. M.) 
 
 
lOI 
 
 1758: English housewifery improved, or a supplement to 
 Moxon's cookery containing upwards of sixty modern 
 and valuable receipts, Leedes. (B. M.) 
 The two books were united in 1758 (4), which A.W. O. has. P. has an 
 undated fourth edition without the supplement, 1778 (12), and A. \V. O., 
 1789 (13). P. has another fourth edition undated and with the supple- 
 ment. 
 
 1750. The country housewife's family companion, the whole 
 founded on near thirty years experience by W. Elhs^ 
 Farmer, at Little Gaddesden, near Hempstead, Hert- 
 fords. (B. M. P.) 
 
 1750 (circa): The art of confectionary, by the late ingenious 
 Mr. Edw. Lambert, confectioner in Pall-Mail. (B. M: 
 P.) 
 
 1750 {circa): The prudent housewife or complete English 
 cook for town and country. By Mrs. Fisher, of Rich 
 mond: (B. M.) 
 
 1753. The young woman's companion, or, the servant 
 maids assistant, by Mary Johnson. (P.) 
 
 1753. The family's best friend, or the whole art of cookery 
 made plain and easy, by Arabella Fairfax. 
 
 I saw this in a catalogue but was too late to secure it. 
 
 1754. The director, or, young woman's best companion, by 
 Sarah Jackson. (B. M.) 
 
 The third edition was 1759. 
 
 1759. A new and easy method of cookery, by Elizabeth 
 Cleland. Second edition. Edinburgh. (B. M.) 
 
 1759. A complete system of cookery, collected from several 
 years experience under the celebrated Mr. de St. 
 Clouet, sometime since cook to his Grace the Duke of 
 
I02 
 
 Newcastle. To which is added a true character of M. 
 
 de St. Cluet, by William Verrall. (B. M.) 
 From the preface it seems that St. Clouet was afterwards cook to the 
 " Marshal Richlieu." 
 
 1760 {circa). The new book of cookery, by Mrs. Eliz. Price 
 of Berkeley Square, a new edition. (Mrs. Pennell.) 
 
 1760 {circa): The town and country Cook, or young woman's 
 best guide. (Mrs.- Pennell.) 
 
 1760 {circa). Professed Cookery, by Ann Cook, Author of 
 the True Art of Cookery. (P.) 
 
 1760. The servant's directory, by H. Glass, Author of the 
 Art of Cookery made plain. (B. M. P.) 
 
 1762. The London Cook, by William Gelleroy. (Mrs. 
 Pennell.) 
 
 1766: The art of modern cookery displayed. 
 Given by Watt. 
 
 1766. Madam Johnson's Present, or every young woman's 
 companion, 4th edition. (P.) 
 
 1767. The modern Art of Cookery improved, by Mrs. Ann 
 Shackleford of Winchester. (Mrs. Pennell.) 
 
 B. M. has an undated edition, printed at Dublin, which is bound up with 
 " The art and mystery of Vintners, 1750." 
 
 1767. Primitive Cookery, or, the kitchin garden display'd; 
 Second edition. (B; M.) 
 
 This is a book of vegetarian cookery, next in date to those of Tryon, 
 which have been already noted. Watt gives the first edition as 1766. 
 The earliest French book on the subject seems to be one in 1799 (Vicaire, 
 160). 
 
 1768. The complete cook, by James Jenks. (B. M.) 
 
I03 
 
 1769. The experienced English house-keeper, by EHzabeth 
 
 Raffald. Manchester. (B. M.) 
 ^n^ (5). 1780 (7), 1782 (8), 1786 (10), 1801 inB. M. ; 1782 and 1786 in 
 P. Mrs. Pennell has 1775 (4). A. W. O. has 1787 and 1794. 
 
 1769. Art of Cookery and Pastery nxade easy and famiUar, by 
 J. Skeat. London and Norwich. (B. M.) 
 
 1769. The lady's, housewife's, and cookmaid's assistant ; 
 or the art of cookery explained and adapted to the 
 meanest capacity, by E. Taylor. Berwick. (B. M.) 
 
 1769. The professed cook, 2 vols. (B. M.) 
 
 1770. The court and country Confectioner, or, the house- 
 keeper's guide, by an ingenious foreigner, now head 
 confectioner to the Spanish Ambassador in England. 
 
 (P.) 
 
 1772 in B. M. and P. ; the author's name given as Borella. 
 
 1770 {circa). The compleat confectioner, or the whole art of 
 confectionary made plain and easy, by H. Glasses 
 author of the art of Cookery. (B. M. P.) 
 
 1770 {circa). The British housewife, by Mrs. Martha Bradley, 
 late of Bath. (P.) 
 
 1774. A collection of one hundred and thirty-seven approved 
 receipts in pastry and cookery. Aberdeen. (B. M.) 
 
 1775. A choice collection of cookery receipts. Newcastle. 
 (B. M.) 
 
 1775. The ladies' assistant : ; ; published from the 
 manuscript collection of Mrs. Charlotte Mason: (Mrs. 
 Pennell.) 
 
 B. M. and P, have 1786. 
 
 1777. The young ladies' guide in the art of cookery, by Eliz; 
 Marshall. Newcastle. (P.) 
 
I04 
 
 1777- ^he young ladies' school of arts, by Mrs. Hannah 
 Robertson, 4th edition, York. (P.) 
 
 1780 {circa). The new and complete universal cook, or young 
 woman's best guide, by Mrs. Ann Partridge of Great 
 George Street, Westminster. (B. M.) 
 
 1780 (circa). The Farmer's wife, or complete country house- 
 wife. (B. M.) 
 Receipts are on pages 126-132. 
 
 1780 {circa). The accomplished lady's delight in cookery ; or, 
 the complete servant's maid's guide. Wolverhampton. 
 (B. M.) 
 
 1781. An essay on culinary poisons. (B. M.- P.) 
 
 1781. The practice of modem cookery, by George Dalrymple. 
 (B. M. P.) 
 
 1783. The London art of Cookery, by John Farley. (B. M.) 
 
 A. W. O. has 1800 (9), P. has 1804 (10). 
 
 1784. Cookery and pastry, by Mrs. Maciver, Edinburgh. 
 (A. W. 0.) 
 
 1800 in P., the preface to whicli shows there was an edition of 1788. 
 
 1788. The Enghsh art of cookery, by Richard Briggs. 
 
 Watt gives 1788 and 1790. Tlie B.M. has only " The new art of cookery." 
 
 by Richard Briggs, Philadelphia, 1792. Mrs. Pennell has 1794 (3). 
 
 1788. The honours of the table, or, rules for behaviour during 
 meals, with the whole art of carving. (B. M.) 
 
 1 79 1 (2) in P., 4th edition in A. W. O., by J. Triisler. 
 
 1789. The complete confectioner ; or the whole art of con- 
 fectionary. (B. M.) 
 
 This is by Frederick Nutt. 13. M. has the 2nd edition also. 
 
 1789. The lady's complete guide, by Mrs. Mary Cole. (Mrs. 
 Pennell.) 
 
105 
 1790- The ladies' library {2 vols). (A. W, O.) 
 
 1790 (circa). The housekeeper's valuable present, or lady's 
 closet companion, by Robert Abbot. (B. M.) 
 
 1791. The practice of cookery, pastry, pickling, preservingj 
 etc., by Mrs. Frazer, Edinburgh. (B. M.) 
 
 1795 (2) in B. M. 
 
 1792. The universal cook and city and country housekeeper, 
 by Francis CoUingwood and John Woollams. (B. M.) 
 
 1806 (4) in B. M. and P. 
 
 1793- The French Family Cook. (P.) 
 
 1794. Domestic economy, or, a complete system of English 
 housekeeping, by Maximihan Hazlemore. (B. M.) 
 
 1795. The frugal housewife, or, complete woman cook, by 
 Susannah Carter of Clerkenwell. (B. M.) 
 
 B. M. has another edition, 1800 (?). 
 
 1795. Hints for the reliefof the poor, by suggesting how they 
 may procure a cheap and comfortable subsistence in 
 times of scarcity. (B. M.) 
 
 A pamphlet with receipts. 
 
 1795. The new experienced English House-keeper^ by Mrs. 
 Sarah Martin. (Mrs. Pennell.) 
 
 1797. The accomplished housekeeper and universal cook^ by 
 T. WilUams. 
 
 1798. An economical and new method of cookery, by Eliza 
 Melroe. (B. M.) 
 
 1798. The new practice of cookery, by Mrs. Donat and Mrs. 
 
 Hudson. 
 Given in Watt. 
 
 1800. The complete British cook, by Mary Holland. (B. M.) 
 
io6 
 
 1800 {circa). The ladies best companion ^ by Mrs: Amelia 
 Chambers. (B. M.) 
 
 1800 {circa). The cook and confectioner's guidCj by Wj 
 Carter; (A. W. O.) 
 
 1800 {circa). The new London family cook, by Duncan 
 Macdonald. (A. W. O.) 
 
 1804. Cuhna famulatrix medicinae, by Ignotus, York. (B. M.) 
 By A. Hunter, M.D., P\R.S.. L. and E. ; 1805, 1806, 1807 in B. M., 1806 
 In P. 
 
 1805. The housekeeper's instructor or universal family cook, 
 by W. A. Henderson, twelfth edition, corrected by 
 J. C. Schnebbelie. (B. M.) 
 
 1811 (17) in P. 
 
 1806. A complete system of cookery, by John Simpson. (P.) 
 1816 in P. ; " Simpson's cookery improved and modernised," by H. W. 
 Brand, 1834, in P. and B. M. 
 
 1807. The art of cookery, by John Morland; ^ 
 Given in Watt. 
 
 1808. A new system of domestic cookery. (B. M.) 
 
 By Mrs. Maria Eliza Rundell. 
 
 1808. The Lincolnshire family jewel, or, the art of cookery 
 made plain and easy, Lincoln; (B. M.) 
 
 1808: The town and country cookery, or housekeeper's com- 
 panion. (B. M.) 
 
 1809. The complete confectioner and family cook, by J; 
 Caird; Leithj (B. M.) 
 
 1810. The new family receipt book, containing seven hun- 
 dred truly valuable receipts. (B. M.) 
 
 By Mrs. Maria Eliza Rundell. 
 
107 
 
 i8io. The housekeeper's domestic library, by Charles 
 Millington. (P.) 
 
 1810. The female economist, by Mrs. Smith. 
 
 Given in Watt. 
 
 1810. Domestic management, by Arabella Plumptre. 
 Given in Watt. 
 
 1812. The professed cook, by B, Clermont, loth edition. 
 (B. M.) 
 
 Hazlitt gives the 3rd edition as 1776. 
 
 1813. The French cook, by L. E. Ude. (B. M.) 
 1814 (3), 1822 (7), 1827 (8), 1829 (10) in B. M. 
 
 1813. The young woman's companion, or frugal housewife. 
 Manchester. (A. W. 0.) 
 
 No date. The art of cookery made plain and easy 
 
 Carefully selected from, and containing all the most 
 useful Receipts of Mrs. Glasse. (B. M.) 
 
 No date. The British housewife. (B. M.) 
 
 1814. The school of good living. (P. A. W. 0.) 
 
 This is an essay on cookery, and gives lists of cookery books in different 
 languages. The author writes from Bath. 
 
III. 
 
 Foreign Books. MSS. 
 
 I have a few foreign books, but only three of much interest. 
 
 They are books on carving. 
 {a) De sectione mensaria. 
 
 This is a small oblong of 31 pages, A to B in eights, 
 followed by 48 plates. 
 
 Vicaire (782) states that the copy in the Bibhotheque 
 de I'Arsenal, which is apparently the only copy he has 
 seen, has no title-page. Neither has mine, and it seems 
 doubtful if there was one. On Ai is the half-title, De 
 sectione mensaria, followed by an address, " Ad 
 Lectorem," which begins with the verses :— 
 
 Si multis quondam placuit sine veste libellus 
 Quidni vestitus, recte placere potest ! 
 Nuda fugit virtus : puro velamine gaudet. 
 Hunc cinctum ergo sua simplicitate cole. 
 
 The verses are signed " C. S." 
 
 Vicaire says, " Ouvrage des plus rares et dont les 
 planches sont excessivement curieuses." The date is 
 about 1600. 
 
 (6) De cierlycke voorsnydinge aller tapel-gerechten. 
 Amsterdam, 1664; 
 
 This is an oblong of 96 pages with an engraved frontis- 
 piece and 32 plates. A to F in eights. Vicaire, 870. 
 
 (c) L'art de trancher la viande, & toutes sortes de fruits, 
 nouvellement, a la frangoise. 
 Par Pierre Petit Ecuyer tranchant. 
 The curious thing about this book is that the title and 
 plates are engraved while the text is in MS. According 
 to Vicaire (677) it was probably written in the reign of 
 Louis XIll. Vicaire gives 35 as the number of plates. 
 108 
 
109 
 
 My copy has all of his and i6 others, viz., (i) La piece 
 de boiily, (2) La tete de veau, (3) L'epaule du mouton, 
 (4) L'aloyau, (5, 6) Le pigeon, (7) La moviette, (8) Le 
 bequesigue, (9) L'ortolan, (10) Le merle, (11) Le pluvier 
 dore, (12) La tourterelle, (13) La caille, (14) L'outarde, 
 (15) La mocelle, (16) Le canard domestique. 
 
 Old MS. cookery books are fairly common. I have only two, 
 one bought because it was in the same lot as two rare printed 
 books, the other on its merits. 
 
 I have not read the first, but in turning over the pages I came 
 across a receipt called " A poetical pudding," which begins : 
 
 " Of oats decorticated take two pound, 
 And of new milk enough the same to drown." 
 
 There are a few medical receipts, one to cure the bite of a 
 mad dog. " This Receipt was taken out of Calthrop Church 
 in Lincolnshire, where many in the Town were bitten by a 
 mad Dog, and all that took the Medicine recover'd, but the 
 rest dy'd Mad. The same Receipt is hung up in Bradford 
 Church in Wilts, where its Efhcacy hath been approv'd on the 
 like occasion." 
 
 The entries seem to range from 1650 to 1700. 
 The second is a vegetarian cookery book, founded largely on 
 Tryon's books, which have already been noted. It is beauti- 
 fully written, and has an index. The first part is a series of 
 extracts from famous men, such as Sir Matthew Hale and 
 Abraham Cowley, who have written on kindness to animals 
 or on the wickedness of killing them for food. The second 
 part gives receipts for preparing dishes of food, " which do as 
 tar exceed those made of Flesh & Fish, as the Light doth 
 Darkness or the Day the Night." 
 
APPENDIX B. 
 
 FOUNTAINS ABBEY. 
 Fountains Abbey, by W. H. St. John Hope, M.A. 
 
 Far and away the best book. It can be obtained from the Secretary 
 of the Yorkshire Archaeological Society. 
 
 Monograph on Fountains Abbey, by J. Arthur Reeve, 1892. 
 Exact copies of nearly every wall in the Abbey. It can be obtained 
 from the author. 
 
 Fountains Abbey, by George Hodges, D;D. John Murray, 
 1904. 
 
 Memorials of the Abbey of St. Mary of Fountains, collected by 
 John Richard Walbran, F.S.A. 
 Surtees Society, Vols. 42 and 67. 
 
 A Guide to Ripon, etc., by J. R. Walbran, 6th edition, 1856: 
 
 On the excavations now in progress at Fountains Abbey, by 
 J. R. Walbran, 1854. 
 
 A transcript and translation of some of the documents and 
 charters of Fountains Abbey in the Studley- Royal Collection 
 of the Right Honourable the Earl de Grey and Ripon. 
 
 Cartularium Abbatiae de Fontanis. Ex Rotulo Orig. in per- 
 gamen. penes W. D. Bruce, Arm. de Ripon in Com. Ebor., 
 A.D. 1841. 
 
 Annals of a Yorkshire Abbey, by WilUam Grainge. 
 
 Delineations, graphical and descriptive, of Fountains Abbey, 
 in the West Riding of the County of York. By J . and H. S. 
 Storer. With historical notices. (1820.) 
 
 no 
 
til 
 
 Eight views of Fountains Abbey, Etched on copperplate, from 
 original drawings, by J. Metcalf and J. W. Carmichael ■ with 
 a historical and architectural description, by T. Sopwith 
 (1832). 
 
 Six etchings by G. Cuitt, 1822. 
 
 Six views of Fountains Abbey, drawn from nature and on 
 stone by F. Nicholson. 
 
 Westall's Views of Fountains Abbey and Studley Park. (8.) 
 
 Four views painted and engraved by A: Walker; 
 (i) Banqueting house and round temple. 
 
 (2) Moon pond and the temple of piety. 
 
 (3) The lake and gardens: 
 
 (4) The reservoir and artificial mount. 
 
 I have also a set of these coloured. 
 
 Fountains Abbey from the South-east, painted by Tho. Smith, 
 and engraved by F, Vivares (1769). 
 I have this also coloured. 
 
 Ruins of Fountains Abbey (in colours), published by J. Deeley 
 (1811). 
 
 Four oval views published by W. H. Wood (1792). 
 (i) North-west view. 
 
 (2) North-east view. 
 
 (3) East view. 
 
 (4) West view. 
 
 Five views, painted by R. Dunning, and engraved by R. and 
 D. Havell (1813). 
 
 (i) Fountains Hall and Abbey. 
 
 (2) Refectory. 
 
 (3) Mill Bridge. 
 
 (4) East view of Abbey. 
 
 (5) South-west view. 
 
 These are both plain aud coloured. I have not a complete set of either. 
 
112 
 
 Fountains Abbey, drawn and etched by J, Buckler and en- 
 graved by R. Reeve (1809). 
 I have this also in colours. 
 
 Two views, drawn by R. Dunning and engraved by R. Havell 
 and Son (1819). 
 
 (i) Fountains Abbey; 
 
 (2) South-west view. 
 
 View of an old Bridge near Fountains Abby. 
 
 Pubd. Jany. i, 1794? by S; W; Fores, No 3, Piccadilly, where 
 may be had all Rowlandson's works. 
 In B M. I have not been able to find a copy. 
 
 Principal patterns of the Roman floors at Fountain Abbey, 
 near Rippon, Yorksh: 
 
 Wm. Fowler Winterton, del. et fecit. Publish'd Feby. ist, 
 
 1800, by Wm. Fowler Winterton. 
 
 In B. M. I have not been able to find a copy. 
 
 Four views published by the Society of Antiquaries. 
 
 The monastery of Fountaynes. David King, del. et sculp. 
 
 Fountains Abbey. Drawn by T. Hearne from a sketch by 
 J. Farrington, engraved by W. Byrne and T. Medland, 1782. 
 This is I think from a book. 
 
 With the exception of the last named all are separate publica- 
 tions. I have not mentioned any books which merely in- 
 cluded Fountains Abbey as part of their subject or any prints 
 which were not published separately. One or two prints 
 might, however, be mentioned as they are often seen in shopSf 
 torn from the books in which they were originally published. 
 
 (i) " The yew trees at Fountains Abbey," from Strutt's 
 Sylva Britannica. 
 
"3 
 
 (2) Plates and a plan from H. Boswell's Historical descrip- 
 tions of new and elegant picturesque views of the anti- 
 quities of England and Wales. The same plates are to 
 be found, I believe, in G. A. Walpole's New British 
 Traveller. They are engraved by Eastgate. 
 
APPENDIX C. 
 
 MARCUS AURELIUS AND EPICTETUS. 
 
 (I) English translations of Marcus Aurelius. 
 Meric Casaubon, 1634; 
 
 1635 (2). 
 
 1663 (3). 
 
 1673 (4)- 
 
 1692 (5). 
 
 1694. 
 
 1702. 
 Hazlitt says there were two editions of 1634, but his collation and 
 description of one of them are those of the second edition of 1635. 
 
 Jeremy Collier, 1701. 
 
 1708 (2). 
 1726 (3). 
 
 Foulis Press, 1742. 
 
 1749 (2). 
 
 1752 (3). 
 
 1764 (4). 
 James Moor translated the first two books, Francis Hutcheson the 
 rest. 
 
 James Thomson, 1747. 
 
 1755 (2). 
 
 1766 (Glasgow). 
 
 R. Graves, 1792 (Bath). 
 
 181 1 (Birmingham). 
 1826 (Hahfax). 
 
 N. Swaine, No Date (Stourport). 
 
 This is an abridged version. R. Graves is quoted as " One of our 
 ablest translators." I have seen no other copy than my own. 
 
 114 
 
"5 
 
 Henry M'Cormac, 1844. 
 George Long, 1862. 
 
 Hastings Crossley (Book IV), 1882. 
 
 Gerald H. Kendall, 1898. 
 
 George W. Chrystal, 1902, 
 
 John Jackson, 1906. 
 
 Benjamin E. Smith (abridged), 1906. 
 
 An old monarch in new dress (rearranged and abridged). 
 
 (H) English translations of Epictetus. 
 
 Elizabeth Carter, 1758. 4to. 
 
 1759. Dublin, 8vo. 
 1768 (3). 2 vols., i2mo. 
 1807 (4). 2 vols., 8vo; 
 
 Thomas Wentworth Higginson, 1865 and 1897. 
 (Based on Carter.) 
 
 George Long, 1877. 
 T. W. Rolleston (selections), 1888. 
 Benjamin E. Smith (selections), 1904: 
 Hastings Crossley (selections), 1905. 
 
 Of the Enchiridion only. 
 James Sandford, 1567. (B. M, Bod. C.) 
 
 Jo. Healey, 1610. (B. M. A. W. O.) 
 
 1616. (B. M. Bod. C.) 
 1636. (Bod.) 
 
ii6 
 John Davies, 1670. (B. M. Bod.) 
 
 George Stanhope, 1694. 
 
 1700 (2). 
 
 1704 (3)- 
 1721 (4). 
 
 1741 (5). 
 1750. 
 
 ElUs Walker (poetical version), 1692. 
 
 1695. 
 1697. 
 1702. 
 1708. 
 1716. 
 1724. 
 
 1737- 
 1764. 
 
 The Porch and Academy opened, by J W (poetical version), 
 1707. (B. M.) 
 
 Human wisdom displayed (" 24 morals "), 1731. (B. M.) 
 
 William Bond, 17365 (A. W. O.) 
 
 I have seen no other copy than my own, which is " The second edition 
 
 corrected." 
 
 Portsea, 1805. (B. M.) 
 
 Henry McCormaCj 1844. 
 
 Hon. T. Talbot (poetical version), 1881. 
 
 T.- W. H. Rolleston, i88i. 
 
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