UC-NRLF B 3 5M7 DEO USW«v L ANGLE Y'S INTRODUCTION TO Price 2s. 6d. r tctftftfv UftfARY UNtVWSm Of \>o"7oo OR AN INTRODUCTION TO ANGLO-SAXON READING, COMPRISING ^ELFRIC'S HOMILY THE BIRTHDAY OF ST. GREGORY : WITH A PRELIMINARY ESSAY ox THE UTILITY OF ANGLO-SAXON. ILLUSTRATIONS FROM ALFRED'S BEDE AND THE SAXON CHRONICLE, AND A COPIOUS GLOSSARY. BY L. LANGLEY, F.L.S. "Anglo-Saxon and Gothic ought long ago to have made a part of the education of vouth." — Home Tooke. LONDON: JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 4, OLD COMPTON STREET, SO HO. MDCCCXLIV. z I TO THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE EARL FITZWILLIAM. My Lord, To no one can this little ivork be in- scribed with more propriety than to Your Lordship. From the venerable institutions of our Saxon an- cestors Your Lordship derives the title to which your conduct in public and in the privacy of do- mestic retirement adds so much real dignity and lustre. Wliilst, too, Literature and Science enjoy in Your Lordship an enlightened ana zealous pa- tron, Your Lordship has ever cherished an earnest a 2 561 desire to promote the higher and better interests of mankind, by diffusing, in richer abundance, the be- nefits and blessings of the Gospel, whose propitious introduction, celebrated in the Homily now pre- sented to the public, rescued our Saxon forefathers from idolatry and barbarism, and opened the way to the present greatness of our noble land. Long may Your Lordship continue to throiv a protecting arm over the sacred cause of Religion and Virtue, as well as lend the fostering hand to Learning and the Arts. I have the honour to subscribe myself, with every sentiment of gratitude and respect, My Lord, Your Lordship's most obedient humble Servant, LARRET LANGLEY. Brampton, August 1, 1838. PREFACE. 1 HE Anglo-Saxon Homily on the Birth-day of St. Gregory forms one of a series of Homilies and Sermons translated from the Latin, and adapted to the use of the Anglo-Saxon Church, by .Elfric, then a monk, but afterwards consecrated to the archiepiscopal see of Canterbury, as successor to Siric, or Sigeric, in the year 996. To this orna- ment of his age and the church are ascribed seve- ral other valuable works in theology and philo- logy, which, while calculated to render eminent service to his contemporaries, prove to succeed- ing times that the mantle of Alfred did not fall to the ground, and that the impulse which his labours and example communicated, in that be- nighted era, to literature, long continued to be felt. The general object of JElfric, in the prepa- ration of these Homilies, was, according to his own VI PREFACE. statement, the prevention of heresy, and the cor- rection of that tendency to errors, delusive and dangerous, which, even at so early a period of the history of the Anglican Church, manifested itself in varied but unequivocal forms. This Homily, like too many other valuable do- cuments, long slumbered in the obscurity of MS., until, in 1709, it was rescued from oblivion and given to the world, with the accompaniment of a translation, by Miss Elstob, — a name worthily as- sociated with the catalogue of learned females of whom England can boast. The " dulcis et inde- fessa comes " of her Brother's University studies, Miss Elstob devoted herself to Letters with an enthusiasm and zeal — with an entireness of pur- pose and a perseverance of effort — which but few of those who profess to despise female talent and feminine attainments, exhibit or possess. Would that her example might stimulate and her success encourage some of the numerous female aspirants after literary distinction, at the present day, to follow her steps in the same laudable career ! * * To the instance of Miss Elstob, may be added the more recent, but not less honourable, labours, in the same depart- ment, of Miss Gurney, of Keswick, Norfolk, characterized by Dr. Ingram as "the Elstob of her age." To this learned lady is due the credit of having produced the first literal ver- sion of the Saxon Chronicle, printed, at Norwich, in 1819, though never published. PREFACE. \li In again presenting the Homily to the public, with the appendage of a copious Glossary, instead of a Translation, the sole object of the Editor is to promote, in however subordinate a capacity, a cause in which he has long felt a deep and undi- minished interest, — the cause of Saxon Letters. Considering the Homily simply in this relation, and as offering, in the importance of its subject and the comparative purity of its dialect, a pleasing and profitable exercise for the student, the Editor has confined himself to matters purely philologi- cal, and has carefully avoided all the great theolo- gical and ecclesiastical questions which it might be made to originate, and into the discussion of which Miss Elstob has so fully and learnedly and zealously entered. Historical disquisitions have also been omitted, on similar grounds, and for the additional reasons, that the tendency of such dis- quisitions to almost interminable extension ap- peared incompatible with the wish and the de- sign of producing that novelty in Saxon Litera- ture, — a cheap book ; — and that it seemed desirable to arouse, rather than to lull, a spirit of research, and to lead the inquiring mind to historical inves- tigation, — always profitable, and peculiarly inter- esting; when directed to the annals of our own country and to the records of our forefathers. The Vlll PREFACE. Extracts from Alfred's Translation of Bede, and from the Saxon Chronicle, have been appended with the twofold object of extending, in some de- gree, the course of Saxon Reading, and of afford- ing a collateral and almost contemporaneous illus- tration of facts and dates. With regard to the Glossary, it may be remarked that, though not so rich as some others in eluci- dations from the cognate dialects, it may, without presumption, be considered not inferior to any yet published in its developement of the composition and structure of the Anglo-Saxon, and in refer- ences to the treasures of criticism and philology which we now so abundantly possess. In its preparation, copious use has been made of Mr. Thorpe's excellent Analecta, and of Mr. Kemble's elaborate Glossary to Beowulf, — by which, as well as by their other erudite labours, these two emi- nent scholars have rendered the most important services to Saxon Literature. It is hoped, there- fore, that the Vocabulary will be found calculated not only to facilitate the translation of the Homily, but also to communicate an extensive knowledge of the general principles of the language. The Gothic etymons of Saxon terms are occasionally assigned, not for unmeaning display, but to con- vey some notion of the origin and formation of PREFACE. the Saxon, and to lead to further inquiry into the acute philological dissertations and sound gram- matical principles of Home Tooke. It merely remains to be added, that Mr. Thorpe's Analecta Anglo-Saxonica and Apollonius of Tyre will succeed this Manual with great advantage, and will lead the student into a varied and exten- sive and profitable curriculum of Saxon reading. The Editor cannot, however, omit to express his obligations to the Rev. Dr. Bandinel of the Bodleian Library, and to the Rev. R. M. White, Professor of Anglo-Saxon in the University of Ox- ford, — in the courtesy and kindness of the former of whom, in furnishing the transcript from Alfred's Bede, to which the Editor had not access, and of the latter, in carefully collating Miss Elstob's printed Homily with the Junian MS., the legiti- mate influence and tendency of real learning and of an intimate familiarity with the i£ liberal arts," are fully and beautifully exemplified. The following Works and Authorities, besides those already alluded to, have been consulted in preparing the Essay and Glossary : — Lye's Anglo- Saxon Lexicon, Bosworth's Anglo-Saxon Diction- ary, Murray's History of European Languages, Monboddo on Language, Tooke' s Diversions of Purley, Junii Etymologicum Anglicanum, Jamie- son's Hermes Scythicus, Ingram's Inaugural Lec- A 5 X PREFACE. ture and Saxon Chronicle, Turner's History of the Anglo-Saxons, Hickes's Thesaurus, M. Casaubon de Lingua Saxonicd, Verstegan's Restitution of de- cayed Intelligence, Bosivorth's and Rusk's Anglo- Saxon Grammars, &c. ESSAY ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. 1M O object of research has furnished more ample scope for speculation than the origin of Language, — a subject that must ever be interesting to " arti- culate-speaking " man*. As such, it is not sur- prising that it has frequently exercised the patient investigation of the historian, and the profound reasoning of the philosopher. Yet, in proportion as the stores of information and the materials of opinion have been augmented, so, it would appear, has the range of unauthorized assumption been extended, and a wider sphere opened for the un- fettered licentiousness of conjecture. As a neces- sary result, in order to gratify some cherished pre- judice, or to establish some favourite theory, the * ftipQirojit 6i tyv'hct.. — Anac. Od. III. ^.sooiriiji (5(>oTot municipal institutions, and " how far the study of Anglo-Saxon history and literature is connected with the original establishment of our laws, liberty and religion." The present inquiry is limited to the language of this interesting people, and to its important bearing on our vernacular idiom. The substitution of the Saxon for the Cimbric, or ancient British, appears to have been coeval and co-extensive with the subjugation and expul- sion of the Britons ; so that, simultaneously with the conquests of the Saxons, their language be- came, throughout the country, the regular and only medium of oral communication. Almost all traces of the British disappeared with the fugitives, except " a few n topographical and local designa- tions which were allowed by the new occupants to remain with but little alteration, or which success- fully resisted the sweeping inroads of innovation. The subsequent settlement of the Danes in England made little impression on the language, producing only some slight dialectic variations ; but the Norman invasion ultimately opened the way to extensive and important, though still not radical changes. The Gallo-Norman indeed, — a species of the corrupted dialect of the Latin then spoken in France, — though zealously patronized by William and his immediate successors, and stu- diously maintained at court and amongst the no- b ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY bility who had followed in the train of the Con- queror^ as well as in the administration of the law, yielded,, at lengthy to the pressure of popular pre- judice^ — and the language of the vanquished re- assumed its sway. It did not, however, come un- scathed from a struggle of three hundred years. il A considerable number of French words dis- placed the pure Saxon terms/' and some slight external changes were gradually and almost im- perceptibly effected in its grammatical modifica- tions. Some effect would., doubtless, also be pro- duced by the impulse communicated, during the Norman dynasty in England, to a spirit of im- provement and advancement, in which the lan- guage would necessarily undergo such changes, and receive such additions, as were likely to result from the more general diffusion of knowledge and the cultivation of literature, or as would be required by the extended intercourse and increasing wants of a people awakening from the slumber of ages. Even in the Saxon works produced at the dawn of learning under the immortal Alfred, if not more immediately subsequent to the introduction of Christianity, we observe the occasional adoption of words from the Latin, especially of ecclesiasti- cal terms, to denote objects or express ideas with which their altered circumstances and new profes- sion then first made the Saxons acquainted, or for OF THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. 7 which they had no corresponding or sufficiently appropriate designations in their native tongue. This innovation, slight as it was, might have an ulterior tendency, not fully developed until the more extensive incorporation of the Gallo-Norman, and an excited spirit of inquiry, thus added their weightier influence. From the termination of the Norman supremacy and the complete amalgamation of the two nations, the progress of innovation in the language con- tinued, until it produced " Chaucer's well of English undefiled ; " from whose age it again underwent a series of ex- ternal metamorphoses, by which it was brought to its present state of copiousness and perfection, re- ceiving, in its career of improvement, rich supplies from the never-failing sources of Greek and Roman literature, and levying occasional tribute on almost every dialect of Europe. Thus, on the firm foun- dation of the Anglo-Saxon, with such ornaments and appendages as the varying taste or peculiar circumstances of succeeding ages supplied, was raised the noble superstructure of the modern English, of which, as of the magnificent Gothic edifices reared by the piety of our ancestors, every high-minded Englishman feels justly proud. "And, notwithstanding the unworthy complaints that we b ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY hear of its instability and fluctuation, perhaps few languages have stood the test of so many eventful centuries and so many political revolutions, and yet have retained so much of their original strength and splendour." The Saxon itself was far from being the rude and meagre dialect that some have wantonly or ignorantly represented it ; but was, in reality, " a very copious language, and capable of expressing every subject of human thought/' For it must be borne in mind, in reference to this as well as to other early languages, that numbers of words have passed into oblivion ; since it is manifest, that vocabularies and lexicons, compiled exclusively from the few manuscripts that learned industry has investigated, could include and embody but a small portion of the spoken language of an ancient people. Besides this, in the progress of refine- ment, Latin or Norman terms were frequently adopted, not from the absence or inaptitude of equivalent expressions in the popular dialect, but from the caprice of taste, or from the preference which writers of Norman extraction would still naturally and fondly cherish for the scattered frag- ments of the language of their fathers. In fact, according to an eminent philologist, "instead of the penury of words which is said to distress rude nations, every Celtic or German tribe had a greater OF THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. !) range of choice in diction than the orators of Greece and Rome." "From this primeval source, then, we must principally trace the character, the idiom, and ori- gin of our native tongue ;" and so deeply are we indebted to it, that, as Dr. Hickes states in the pre- face to his invaluable Thesaurus, of fifty -six words of which the Lord's Prayer consists, only three can be claimed by the Gallo-Norman ; while the re- maining fifty-three are derived immediately from the Anglo-Saxon. To which Professor Ingram adds, that, even including the doxology, there will still be only six words out of seventy-three not ra- dically Saxon. The learned Professor then pro- ceeds to the more general calculation, that eight out of ten, or, at the most moderate computation, fifteen words out of twenty, occurring in our writ- ten language or colloquial intercourse, are of Saxon derivation ; and this, too, notwithstanding the con- tinual discovery of new facts in science, and the perpetually-recurring changes in the circumstances of the times, requiring the perpetual introduction of significant terms of designation. The propor- tion is still greater in our provincial dialects, in which numerous Saxon words and phrases are re- tained almost unchanged. These statements, as to the proportionate share of the Saxon in the composition of our present 10 ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY language, are fully borne out by the best of all evidences, — an appeal to facts. The etymological analysis of a single passage from almost any of our standard writers, would probably be sufficient to satisfy the most sceptical ; but Sharon Turner, in his admirable history, has entered into an elabo- rate exhibition of its correctness by extracts from writers of different periods, — from the authorized translation of the Bible, whose simple and beauti- ful diction, abounding with pure Anglo-Saxonisms, no substitution of more elevated terms could im- prove, down to the sublimely-mystic phraseology of Young, and the inflated style of Dr. Johnson. It may be neither uninteresting nor useless to inquire briefly into some of the causes of the al- most universal neglect of a language which, it thus appears, must be regarded as the parent of our modern medium of communication, and which en- ters so copiously and intimately, not only into the verbal constitution of the English, but also into its grammatical principles and idiomatic peculiarities. One reason that undoubtedly operates most un- favourably against the more general diffusion of the Anglo-Saxon, is the scarcity and consequent enormous expense of published Saxon works, the purchase of which would seem to betoken a degree of Bibliomanianism of which few are willing to be suspected. OF THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. 11 Another cause may probably be found in its in- applicability to the purposes and pursuits of a commercial and speculative people, which form so powerful an inducement to the cultivation of the modern languages of continental Europe, and, sometimes, even of the barbarous jargon of more distant and less polished regions. The higher importance, too, attached, from a va- riety of reasons, to the Greek and Roman classics, which are generally regarded as the depositaries of all valuable knowledge, and the great end of all education, leads, in many instances, to the impres- sion that languages less advanced and less perfect can possess no attractions and communicate no information, to tempt literary curiosity or reward the labour of acquisition. The limited extent and meagre state of the pub- lished literature of the Saxons, also, as contrasted with the ample profusion of works in connection with some other of the dead, and especially with most living languages, and the consequent impres- sion of its poverty and contracted application, have, doubtless, deterred many scholars and phi- lologists, who delight to revel amidst the ever-va- rying and ever-advancing charms of modern and living literature, from encountering what they are thus led to consider the repulsive aspect of an im- poverished and faded dialect. 12 ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY Perhaps, however, nothing has contributed more to discourage Saxon learning than the absurd but long-continued practice of translating Saxon works into Latin, and of appending Latin explanations to Saxon lexicons and vocabularies. It is, as Pro- fessor Ingram shrewdly remarks, to explain obscu- rum per obscurius. " The age," he adds, " is too indolent and luxurious to submit to the drudgery of learning everything through the medium of a dead language." Definitions and translations in Persic or Sanscrit would be more consistent, as far as affinity is concerned, and almost as valuable in point of practical utility. No doubt, the plan ori- ginated in the notion, apparently entertained at one period, of rendering Latin a sort of universal janua linguarum, — a notion which condemned the hapless student to approach the venerable Hebrew, and the noble language of Greece, through a for- midable phalanx of barbarous Latinity. The illu- sion has passed away, but its blinding influence is tacitly exemplified by some, even at the present day, in their practice and prejudices. With respect to the first cause of the neglect and declension of Saxon literature, it is to be re- gretted that even its great modern advocates and restorers have done so little to mitigate or remove the evil. Their labours, worthy of all praise in some respects, appear to have not merely an espe- OF THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. 1.3 cial, but an almost exclusive reference to the learned and wealthy., and are little adapted, either by their recondite nature or expensive form, to excite the interest, or to meet the wants, when so excited, of students and readers in general. In reference to the second reason assigned, it may be remarked, that even those involved in the absorbing vortex of mercantile pursuits, must ad- mit the importance and utility, as well as the de- sirableness, of a fundamental and correct acquaint- ance with their mother tongue, for reasons inde- pendent of all selfish and mercenary calculations of profit and loss. The period has happily arrived when, in all truly respectable circles of society, the magnificence of wealth or the splendour of titles avails but little, unaccompanied by moral worth and intellectual culture. Besides, the acquisition of knowledge and the formation of a taste for lite- rature, have an important bearing on the delight- ful and rational enjoyment of that retirement from the cares of business — the otium cum dignitate — to which so many anxiously look forward, but which, from the defects of early education, or sub- sequent neglect of the nobler powers of the mind, few are qualified fully to enjoy. With regard to the superior attractions of Greek and Roman literature, it may not be presumptuous to observe, that the study even of those languages 14 ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY is not always prosecuted for their intrinsic excel- lence or beauty, or for the inexhaustible stores of rich and varied knowledge which they open to in- tellectual enjoyment, apart from considerations of worldly policy. Their splendid treasures which, unlike other treasures, increase and expand the more they are rifled, would yet much seldomer tempt cupidity, or give energy to zeal, if not made the golden key to literary distinctions and emolu- ments, and to admission into the lucrative and honourable pursuits of professional life. Some- times, indeed, they are cultivated almost solely for the sake of a better and more critical acquaint- ance with our own language, as enabling the stu- dent to ascertain, by tracing to their etymons, the primary import of the words with which, from those sources, it is so copiously enriched. But how much more powerfully will this argument apply to the Anglo-Saxon, from which, as already shown, we derive not only the great preponderance of words and phrases in daily and familiar use, but also the grammatical structure and idiom of our vernacular tongue ! In regard to the cause next supposed, it is ma- nifest that the contempt and neglect to which the Saxon has been most unworthily condemned, are the sole reasons of the restricted character of its literary resources; for whilst the productions of OF THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. 15 Greece and Rome have been augmented and en- riched from every available source and presented in every alluring form, many precious relics of the labours of our venerable forefathers have been al- lowed to slumber, undisturbed, amidst the dust of libraries, or in the obscurity of almost inaccessible archives*. Recent movements, however, in the Society of Antiquaries, hold out the pleasing hope that this deep stain on our national literature will be speedily and effectually wiped away. When this hope shall be fully realized, either under the auspices and patronage of the learned body re- ferred to, or by individual exertion, the skeleton from which the refined classical scholar may con- temptuously turn away, will expand into a form of fair and ample proportions, blooming in renovated youth, and rich in all the attributes that claim at- tention and respect. Be it remembered too, that, * Nihil Anylicano nomine indignius, gentive doctaehonestae- que turpius opprobrium nullum esse potest, quam, majorum codices, antiquitate sua venerandos, mucorem et situm con- trahere, aut pulvere foedari, aut blattis rodi, aut carie cor- rumpi ; aut, quod reip. literariae perinde damnosum esset, tanquam malos angelos in seternis vinculis sub caligine ser- vari, aequo animo ferre posse. Quod quidem neque Colli, neque Batavi, neque Dani, neque, qui monumentis suis Sueo- Gothicis vetustis publicandis ad gloriam sui nominis maxime operam dant, Sued tolerare vellent, id ferre, id pati, id sinere posse Anglos, qui eruditione, ac ingenio praestant, Anylum quidem piget dicere. — Hickes's Thesaurus, vol. i. in praefat. B 16 ON THE IMPORTANCE AND UTILITY even in its present state, Anglo-Saxon strikingly illustrates the interesting subject of the formation of language, and therefore "possesses a peculiar interest and importance to the philologist, as elu- cidating the principles of grammatical science, and leading to a philosophical theory of language." The last cause suggested has less force at the present day than at any former period, as the de- velopement of more rational views has, in a great measure, exploded the absurdity. Still, it is par- tially retained ; but, probably, not so much from any impression of its superiority or convenience, as for the benefit of continental scholars, by whom, it may be observed, Anglo-Saxon has been much more extensively and successfully cultivated than by those on whom it has far more legitimate and powerful claims. Yet, hitherto, much less > has been accomplished through the direct medium of our own tongue than the importance of the sub- ject demands ; and even the long-promised Saxon- English lexicon of Dr. Bosworth has been, until very recently, a desideratum. It is truly surprising then, that, notwithstanding its manifest importance and the strongly-expressed convictions of some of our ablest philologists as to its utility and necessity, Anglo-Saxon has not long formed an established and regular study in our schools, and an essential part of a liberal educa- OF THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. 17 tion. If merely studied collaterally with the prin- ciples of English Grammar, it would be found pro- ductive of important benefit, in throwing a clear and unequivocal light on many grammatical and etymological points which the most diligent appeal to all the stores of classical learning would leave in darkness. It is indeed to be regretted, that al- most every English grammar adapted to element- ary instruction, is established, not on the true basis of the Anglo-Saxon, but on a foundation with which the English language has little radical affinity, and which the searching process of critical investigation thoroughly undermines, to the great detriment of the noble superstructure. Professor Ingram goes so far as to assert, that " a few hours attentively dedicated to Saxon literature, will be sufficient to overthrow the authority of every dic- tionary and grammar of the English language that has been hitherto published." And though the more recent appearance of several elaborate and admirable grammars requires this assertion to be received now with some modification, it is still too true, especially in reference to the grammars most generally adopted in schools. The writer cannot conclude this hasty and im- perfect view and vindication of the Saxon tongue, — hasty from the pressure of sterner duties, and imperfect from the limits it was necessary to pre- b 2 18 ON THE ANGLO-SAXON LANGUAGE. scribe, — without expressing a hope that his hum- ble labours may induce, at least; a few students to enter on a path in which, though the traveller can- not repose beneath the olive and the vine, he may gather fruits still more pleasing to an English eye and more grateful to an English palate. 19 NATALE S. GREGORII VAPJE. vxREGORIUS pe halja Papa Gnjhpcepe ]?eobe ?CpojTol on J?ij*um anbpeapban baege aeptep maen- l^pealbum jebeoppum j haljum jecnyjibnyjyum Erobep pice jef aelijhce aprah :• fte ip pihdice 6n- jhpcepe Seobe TCpoptol. pojvSan ]?e he J?ujih hip paebe ^ panbe up ppam beoplep biggengum aet-bpaeb. 3 to Erobep geleapan jebijbe :• GOanije hahje^bec cyftaft hi]* maepan bpohtmmje 3 hip hahj lip. -j eac lptopia ^njlopum f»a ]?e yElppeb cymng op le- ben on Gnglipc apenb :• 8eo boc pppecft genoh pputehce be Jnppum halgum pepe :♦ Nu pille pe J?eah pum-Sinj pcopthce eop be him bepeccan- pop^San J?e peo popepaebe boc nip eop ealium cu$- ]?eah ]?e heo on Gn^lipc apenb lp :• Bep eabig Papa Erpejopmp peep op ae]?elpe ma?^e 3 op eappaepre acenneb:- Romanipce pitan paepon hip majop- hip paebep hattelropbianup. j Felix pe eappaepra papa paep hip pipta paebep :• \}e paep ppa ppa pe cpaebon- poji populbe ae)?elbopen :• Tfc he opepptah hip ae]?elbopenypp mib haljum )?eapum ~) mib gobum peopeum je^lenbe :• Dpegopiup lp gpecipe nam a B 3 20 ANGLO-SAXON HOMILY j'e yyejfi on lebenum gepieopibe Viplandup. J?aec lp on Gnghpce pacolpie :• ]}e yaey ppy^e pacol on jobep bebobum J?a J?a he pylp hejnjenblice leopobe • 3 he pacolhce ymb manegjia ]?eoba ]?eaptpa hojobe • y heom hpep paeg jeppucelobe :• fte paep pnam cilbhabe on boclicum lajium geCyb. 3 he on J?aejie lane ppa jepaehjhce J?eah f on ealne Romana by- jxij naep nan hip gelica ge]?uhc :• fre jecneonblaehce aepCen pipjia lajreopa jebypnunga- 3 naep pon^ycel ac jepaepcnobe hip lane on paepc-hapelum gemynbe- he hlob mib |?unpCigum bpieopce |?a pleopenban lane )?e he epc aepCen pynpce mib hunig ppecne )?nohce J>a?phce bealcobe :• On jeonglicum geaptum J?a ]?a hip* jeognS aepCen ^ecynbe popiulb Jnn^ lupian pceolbe- J>a onjan he hme pylpne Co gobe je^eoban 3 co eftle ]?aep uplican hpep mib eallum jepilnungum oji^ian :• picoblice aepCen hip paebepi pojvSprSe he apiaejibe pix munuclip on 8icihan-lanbe. 3 )?aec peopo'Se binnon Romana byjug jecimbjiobe. on ]mm he pylp jiejohce unbepi abbobep haepum bjiohc- nobe :• Da peopon mynpcpiu he jejlenbe mib hip agenum- 3 jemhcpumlice to baeghpaemhce bigleo- pan gejobobe :• Done openeacan hip aehta he appenbe on jobep j?eapipum. 3 ealle hip aeSelbonen- nyppe co heoponlicum pulbpie apenbe :• fte eobe aen hip jecyptjiebnyppe geonb Romana bunh mib paellenum pulum- jpcmenbum gymmum. ^pieabum jolb pnaecepobe :• TCc aepceji hip gecynpiebnyppe he ON THE BIRTHDAY OF ST. GREGORY. 21 ]?enobe jobep J?eappum "J bine pylpe ]>eappa mib pa- cum paepelpe bepanjen :• Spa pulppemeblice he bpohtnobe on anjynne hip jecyppebnyppe ypn f he miht J?a m beon jecealb on pulppemebpa hal^ena jeceal :• fre lupobe pophaepebnyppe on mettum j on bpynce- "j on paecean- 3 on punbpijum jebe- bum- j>epro eacan he ]?popobe pmgallice untpum- nyppe- 3 ppa he ptrSlicop mib anbpeapbum untpum- nyppum oppete pa3p ppa he jeopnpulhcop ]?aep ecan hpep jepilnobe- ]?a unbepjeat pe papa ]>e on )?am timan ]?aet apoprollice paetl gepet hu pe eabije Erpe- jopiup on halgum maejnum ]?eonbe paep. 3 he }?a hine jenam op )?aepe munuchcepe bpohtnunje 3 him to pylpt gepet on biaconhabe je-enbe-bypbne :• Da jelamp hit aet rumum paele. ppa ppa hyt pop ope be$- ]?aet Gnghpce cySmen bpohcon heopa pape to Romana-bypig- 3 Dpegopmp eobe be )?aepe ptpaet to ]?am Gnglipcum mannum heopa ^mj pceapijenbe :• Da gepeah he betpuxt )?am papum cypecnihtap ^eyette- ]?a paepon hpitep lichaman 3 paegpep anbphtan men- 3 arSehce gepeaxobe :• Dpejopmp J?a beheolb ]?aepa cnapena plite "j beppan op hpilcepe 3eobe hi gebpohte paepon- |?a paebe him man ty hi op Gngla Ian be paepon "j f )?apa J?eobe mennipe ppa plitig paepe :• Gpc ]?a Erpegopiup be- ppan hparSep j?aep lanbep pole Cpipcen yatjie }?e hae- ^ene ; him man paebe f hi haeftene paejion • Irpe- jopiup ]?a op mepeapbpe heoptan lanjpume piece - 22 ANGLO-SAXON HOMILY tun^e teah 3 cparS- pa? la pa- f ppa pae^pep hipep men pynbon J?am ppeaptan beople unbeji-fteobbe :• Gpt )?a Irpegojiiup bepnan hu ]>aene )?eobe nama paane ]?e hi opcumon- him paep geanbpypb ]?aet hi Snjle jenemnbe penon :• Da cpaeS he pihthce hi pynbon TCnjle gehatene- pojvSan J>e hi Gngla phhte habba^. 3 ppilcum jebapena^ )?a3t hi on heoponum 6njla gepenon beon :• Dye J?a Irpejoniup beppan hu ]?a?ne pcype nama paejie ]?e }?a cnapan op alaebbe paepon- him man pa?be f )>e pcinmen paenon Deipi jehatene :• Dne^oniup anbpypbe. pael hi pynbon Deipi jehatene- pojvSam ]?e hi pynb pnam jnaman ^enepobe 3 to Cpiptep milbheontneppe gecyjebe :• Liyt ]?a he bepjian hu lp J?sepe pcipe cynmg jehaten • him pej* jeanbppapob f ye cynmg v/£lle gehaten paene :• ftpaet ]?a Irnejoniup gumenobe mib hip pojibum to J?am naman- 3 cpaeft- hit jebapena'S f alleluia py jepunjen on ]?am lanbe to lope ]>dsy ^81- mihtigan pcyppenbep :• LVnejopiup )?a eobe to ]?am papam f>aep apoptohcan petlep- 3 hine baeb- f he ^njelcyime pume lajieopap apenbe ]?e hi to Cpipte ^ebijbon mib Dobep pultume- 3 cpaeS- f he pylp jeane paene- f peopc to jeppemmenne- jyp hit ]?am papam ppa jehcobe :• Da ne miht pe papa f je'Sap.an. J>eah ]?e he ealh polbe- pop^an ]?e Ro- manipcan ceaptpe gepapan nolbon je^apian f ppa jetojen man 3 ppa geftunjen laneop J?a buph eal- lunja poplete. 3 ppa pyplene pnaecprSe Rename :• OX THE BIRTHDAY OF ST. GREGORY. 23 .Cpcep fifum gelamp paec mycel man-cpealm be- com opep paepe Romanipcpe leobe- ~) aepepe pone papain Pelajium geprob ~j buton ylbmje hiue abybbe :• Picobhce aepcep paep papam je-enbunje ppa micel cpaelm jepeap^ J?aej* polcep pac jehpaep jrobon apepcehup geonb pa buph buton bujijen- bum. pa ne mihc ppa peah j'eo Romana buph bu- ton Papam punian :• 3lc ealle f pole pone eabijan Dpegopium ro paepe gepino'Se anmoblice jeceap* peah pe he mib eallum maegnum prSepigenbe paepe :• Dpegopiup pa penb aenne pipcol Co pam Capene ODaupicium pe paep hip paebepa- 3 hine halpobe "j mycelum baeb- f he naeppe fam polce ne geftapobe f he mib J?aep pup^myncep pulbpe geupepob paepe- popSan pe he onbpeb ^ he puph pone micclan hab on populbhcum pulbpe pe he aep apeapp sec pumum paele bepaehc pupbe :• TCc paep Capepep heah ge- peca Irepmanup gelaehce pone piptol "j hine co-caep- ~] prSpan cybbe pam Capepepaec eall pac pole Erjie- gopium co papam gecopen haepbe :• CDaupiciup pa pe Capepe baepErobe pancobe- j hine habian haec :• ftpaec pa Irpegopiup pleamep cepce. J on bimho- pan aec-lucobe :• 2£c hine men gelaehce- 3 ceah ro Pecpep cipcan paec he pep Co papam gehalgob pupbe :• Erpegopmp pa aep hip habunge •p Roma- mpc pole pop pam onpigenbum cpealm pypum pop- bum hi co behpeoppunge cilice- OOine gebpoSpa pa leopepcan- up gebapenaS f pe Erobep ppmgle pe b 5 24 ANGLO-SAXON HOMILY pe on a?p copeapbe onbpeaban pceolbon. f pe hupu nu anbpeapbe 3 apanbobe onbpeabon :• LVeopenije up upe paepnyppe inpaep po^pe gecyppebnyppe- "j j? pice J?e pe Spopia^ co bpece upe heopcan heapb- nyppe :• Gpne nu Jnp pole lp nub ppupbe J?a?p heo- ponlican jnaman opplajen. j gehpylce aenhpeje pynb nub paeplicum plyheum apepte :• Ne peo abl J?am beafte ne pope-pcaep^ • ac ge jepeo^ f pe ylca beaft J?aepe able poppabaft :• 8e jeplajena br3 mib beafte jejpipen aep )?an ]?e he co heopungum poSpe be hpeopunge jecyppan maeje :• ftopaft pop |?y hpyle pe becume aec-popan jepyhSe )?£ep ptpeccan beman pe ]?e ne maeg J?aeC ypel bepepan J?e he jeppe- mobe :• tiehpylce eopft bupjenbe pynb aefc-bjiobene. j heopa hup pcanba'S apepce :• Faebepap 3 mobbpu bepcanbaft heopa beapneplic- 3 heopa yppnumman heom pylpum co poppypbe pope-peseppa^ :• Ucon eopnopchce pleon Co heopunje po$pe baebboce )?a hpile )?e pe mocon- a?p ]?am )?e pe paeplice plege up apepecce :• Ucon jemunan ppa hpaec ppa pe bpeli- jenbe ajylcon- 3 ucon nnb pope jepicnian f )?sec pe manpullice abpujon :• Ucon poppabian Lrobep anpyne on anbecnyppe ppa ppa pe piceja up manaS* Ucon ahebban upe heopcan mibhanbum co Irobe- ]>aet i]' f pe pceolon J?a gecnypbnyppe upe bene mib ^eapnunje jobep peopcep up-apa?pan :• fte pop- jipa^ Cpupan upe pojihfcunge pe J?e )?uph hip pi- cejan clypaS. Nelle ic J>aep pmpullan beaft. ac ic ON THE BIRTHDAY OF ST. GREGORY. 25 pille f he jecyppe j libbe :• Ne op-rpupije nan man hme pylpne pop hiprynna mycelnyppe. pitob- lice j?a ealban gylcap Nmiueipcpe ]?eobe j?peopa ba- 3a behpeoppunje hy abylejobe :• 3 pe jecyppeba pcea)?a on hip beaSep cpyfte ]?a?p ecan hpep mebe geapnobe :• Uton apenban upe heoptan to Crobe • hnaeblice by$ pe bema to upum benum jebijeb- pp pe ppam upum ]?pypnyppum beo'8 gepihtleaht :• Uton ptanban nub gemahhcum popum onjean |?am onpr^enbum ppupbe ppa miclep bomep :• 8o31ice ge- mahnypp rp )?am po3an beman gecpeme- f>eah J?e heo mannum un]?ancpyp$e py- pojvSanfte pe aep- pepta "j pe milbheopta Irob pill f pe mib gemah- licum benum hip milbheoptnyppe opgan- j he nelle ppa miclum ppa pe ^eeapmaft up jeyppian :• Be Jnpum he cpseS ]?uph hip pitegan- Qypa me on baege J?mpe gebpepebnyppe 3 ic pille ]?e ahpaebban 3 )?u maejvpapfc me :• Irob pylp lp hip jepita f he miltpian pille him to clypienbum- pe j?e mana$ f pe him to clypian jceolon :• Fop )?i mine gebpo- Spu J?a leopoptan- uton gecuman on )?am peop£an bae^e ]?ippepe pucan on aepne mopigen •} mib eyt- pullum mobe 3 teapan pmjan peoponpealbe Leta- map )?aet pe ptpeca bema up geapije ]?onne he je- pytrS f pe pylp upe jyltap ppecaft :• Gopnopthce )?a ]?a peo micele memgu sej^ep je ppeopt-habep je munuc-habep menn j j?at leapebe pole aeptep f>aep eabijan Irpe;z;opiup haepe on J?one pobnep-ba^ 26 ANGLO-SAXON HOMILY co J>on peoponpealbum Lecamum gecomen- co j?am ppySe apebbe pe pope-paebe cpealm* f hunb eahtatig manna on ]?aene anpe tibe peallenbe op lipe gepiton. )?a hpyle ]?e )?a3C pole )?a Lecamap pang :• ??c pe halga pacepb ne geppac ■}? pole Co mannijen- ne f hi j?a?pe bene ne geppicon o3 f Lrobep milc- punj ]?one peSan cpealm gepcilbe :• ftpaec ]?a Lrpe- Topiup pyS3an he papanhab unbeppeng- jemunb hp»3C he gepypn Gngeleynne gemynce 3 ]?aep pihce f lupcyme peopc geppemebe :• fte nacephpon ne mihce ]?one Romanipcan bipceop-pcol eallungepop- laecan :• TCc he apenbe oftpe aepenbpacan. ge- 'Sungene Lrobep ]?eopap co Jupum lglanbe- 3 he pylp micclum mib hip benum "] tihcmgum pylpce fwc ]?aepa aepenbpaca bobunge popSgenge 3 Lrobe paeptm-baepe pypbe :• Baepa aepenbpacena naman pynb ]?up gecigebe • Sgupcinup. QDelhciip. Laupen- ciup- Pecpup- Johannep- Juptiip :• Baep lapeopap apenbe pe eabiga papa Dpegopiup mib manigum oSpum munecum Co TCngelcynne. "j hi Jnpum pop- bum co ]?aepe pape cihce- Ne beon ge apyphce )?uph geppmc J>aep langpumep papelbep o)r3e ]?uph ypelpe manna ymbepppaece- ac mib ealpe anpaebneppe 3 pylme ]?a?pe po^an lupe ]?aj' ongunnenan "Sing Jniph Lrobep pulcume geppemmaS. 3 pice ge *p eopeji mebe on ]?am ecum ebleane ppa micle mape brS- ppa micelum ppa ge mape pop Lrobep pillan ppinc- aS :• Lrehyppumia^ eabmobhee on eallum ]?ingum ON THE BIRTHDAY OF ST. GREGORY. 27 ISpiffcme pone pe pe eop to ealbpe jepetton :• fair ppemab 1 eoppum paplum ppa hpaet ppa je be hip mynegunje jepyllao' :• 8e ealmihtija Erob puph hip ppe eop jepcylbe- "J je-unne me "p ic mage eop- jiep jeppmcer paeptm on pam ecan ebleane gepeon • ppa -J? ic beo gemec pamob on blippa eoppep eblea- nej* :• Deah pe ic nub eop ppincan ne maege pop ban pe ic pille ppmcan :• Xjuptnimp pa nub hip jepe- jium "p pynb jenehce peopeptig pe pepbon be Djie- jojuep haepe o3 paet hi becomon gepunbpullice Co pipum lglanbe :• On pam bajum pixobe j^pel- bynihfc cyninj on Cantpapabypij • "J hip nice paep aprpeht pjiam micclan ea ftumbne o$ pu$ pae :• Sguptmup haepbe genummen pealhpcobap on Fnan- cena nice ppa ppa Dnejojuup him bebeab- ~\ he puph paepa pealhptoba muS pam cyninge *j hip leobe Erobep popb bobobe- hu pe milbheopta haelenb mib hip agenpe ppopunje pipne pcylbigan mibban- eapbe alypbe 3 geleappullum mannum heopona picep mpaep jeopenobe :• Da anbpypb pe cyning J£pe\- bpiht Spiptine j cpseS. ■p he paegepe popb 3 be- hac him cybbe 3 cpae$- paet he ne mihte ppa hpaeb- lice pone ealban gepunan pe he mib TCngelcvnne heolb poplaetan :• Cpaeft f he mopce ppeohce pa heoponhcan lape hip leobe bobian 3 f he him 3 hip gepepum bigleopan penian polbe- ~\ popgeap him pa pununge on Cantpapa bypig peo paep eallep hip picep heopob buph :• Ongan pa TCuguptinup mib 28 ANGLO-SAXON HOMILY hip munecum toje-epenlecanne j?cepa 7£poptola lip nnb pinjalum jebebum- 3 paeccan- ^ paeptnum Lrobe J?eoprz;enbe. 3 lrpep pojib fam ]?e hi mihton bobijenbe- ealle mibban-eapblice jnnj ppa ppa ael- ppemebe pophojijenbe- ]?a ^mj ana pe hi to br$- leopan behopobon unbepponbe- be ]?am ]?e hi taeh- ton pylpe lybbenbe . 3 pop )?aepe poftpaepfcnyppe lupe . ]>e hi bobebon jeappu paepon ehtnyppe to ^olijen- ne *} bea3 ppeltan jip hi ^oppton :• J)paet )?a je- lypbon pop pel msemga 3 on Dobep naman ^epul- lobe pupbon • punbpigenbe j?aepe bylepitnyppe heopa unpceaftije lipep- 3 ppetnyppe heopa heoponhean lape :• Da aet nextan jeluptpullobe )?am cyninje j€j?elbypiht heopa claen hpe 3 heopa pmpume be- hat. 3a po Slice popbon mib manigum tacnum ge- peftebe 3 he ]?a jelypenbe peapft jepullobe- 3 mi- celum ]?a Cpiptenam jeappup^obe- 3 ppa ppa heo- ponlice ceaptep jepapan lupobe :• Nolbe pe )?eah naenne to Cpiptenbome geneabian- pojiSan 3e he op axobe aet )?am lapeopam hip haele. f Cpiptep j?eop- bom ne pceol beon jeneabob- ac pylp pyllep :• On- junnon ]?a baejhpamhce pop pel memge epptan to jehypenne J?a haljan bobunje- y poplaetan heopa haaSenpcype- 3 heo pylpe jeSeobban to Cpiptep jelajmnje on hine jelypenbe :• Betpeox jnpum jepenbe TCugupfcinup opeji pae to J?am Tfpcebipceop Gthepium opXnela- J hehine jehabobe i^ngelcyn to TCpcebipceop ppa ppa him Irpejopiup aep ^epip- ON THE BIRTHDAY OF ST. GREGORY. 29 pobe :• ffupijnnur )?a gehabob cypbe to hip bi- pceopptole j apenbe aepenbpacan to Rome- "j cybbe ]?am eabijan Dpe^opie ]?aet; Snjelcyn Cpiptenbom unbeppeirz;. 3 he eac mib geppitum pel a "Sni^an be- ppan • hu him to bpohtnijenbe peape becpeox )?am mghpoppenum polce :• J2pa?t J?a Lrpejopiup micel- um I/obe Jmncobe mib blijTijeiibum mobe f ^Yn- jelcynne ppa gelumpen paep- ppa ppa he pylp geopn- lice jepilnobe :• ^Snb penbe onjean aepenbpacan ro }?am ^eleapullum cyninge y£]?elbpihte mib je- ppimm- ^j maemjpealbum lacum- ^ ojrne jeppire ro TCujupnne- mib anbppapum ealpa f>a?pa J?mja ]ye he hi beppan- 3 hine eac Jnpum popbum ma- nobe- BpoSop mm pe leopepta ic pat f pe eal- mihnga pela punbpa ]?uph ]>e j?aepa J?eoba J?e he geceap gepputela^- J?a?p ]m miht blippian - } eac 011- bpaeban :• Bu mint blippian gepiplice f |?a?pe ]?e- obe papl Jmph |>a ytrpan punbpe beo$ jerojene to J?cepe incunban jipe :• Onbpaeb ]?e ppa |?eah f ]nn mob ne beo ahapen mib bypptijneppe on )?am tac- num j?e Irob ]?uph ]?e jeppemaS- "j j?u J?anon on ibelum pulbpe bepealle pijnnnan* J?anon J?e )?u piS- uran on pupSmynce ahapen bipr :• Dpejopiup apenbe eac Suguptme halije lac on maerpe peapum ■j on bocum* 3 ]?a3pa apopcola- 3 maptipa jieli- quiap pamob- ~] bebeab f hip aepcepgenjap rymle ■p }7aec pallium 3 |?one ejicehabe aec fam Spoptob- can peccle Romampcpe jela^unjepeccan pceolbon :• 30 HOMILY OX ST. GREGORY. TCiigurtmur jej-etre aeptep ]?ipum bipceopap op hip jepepum on gehpilcum bujigum on Gnjla )?eobe. ■j hi on Lrobep jeleajian ]?eonbe j?ujih pun ebon oft j?ipum baegftephcum baeje :• 8e eabija LVjiegopiup ^ebihte manija halite tnahc bee- j mib micelpe gecneopbnyrpe Lrobep pole to J?am ecan lipe jepip- pobe- "3 pela punbjia on hip lipe jepophte- ^ pulb- oiipulhce J?aep papan j-etlej' jepeolb xm jeap- 3 pix monSap. 3 ten bagap- 3 prSan on ]?ypum baeje jepat ro ]?am ecan petle heoponan picep on fam he leopa$ mib L7obe ^/Glmihtijum a bucan enbe :• Smen :• VARIOUS READINGS OF THE JUNIAN MS. OF THE HOMILY IN THE BODLEIAN LIBRARY. GREGORIUS SE HALGA PAPA, in capitals. P. 19. linel. peobe 6. paeb. 7. manege. 8. halite. 10. apenbe. 11. Sijyum. 12. ping. 12. rceopchce. 12. gepeccan. 14. r y. 14. eabiga. P. 19.1.20. bopennyjre. 21. jeglenjbe. P. 20. 1. 2. ppype. 4. ymbe. 5. peg. 11. flopenban. 14. seojofl. 15. gepeoban. 20. pegollice. 22. ba&jpamh- cum. VARIOUS READINGS. 31 P. 20. 1.27. ?yplum. 28. geppaetepob. P. 21.1. 1. him rylp. 3. anjinne. 4. mihte. 5. gecaele. 6. pynbpigum. 7. Daepco. 9. oppet. 1 1 . apopcolice pecljepaet. 1 1 . eabiga. 14. jepylpte je- pecce. 16. cj'ppmen. 19. betpux. 21. se]?elice. 23. hpylcepe. 23. ]?eobe. 2G. hpsepep. 27. ha&Jwn. 28. innepeapbpe. P. 22. 1. 2. ]?eobbe. 4. opcomon. 5. jenemebe. 5. Rmchce. 6. plice. 10. Jia&c }>a pcip- menn. 10. bepe. 11. pynb. 15. psef. P.22.1. 16. gamenobe. 17. cpaej>. 20. papan. 24. mihte. 25. eall. 25. popJ>an. 26. ceaptep. 27. gejmngen. 28. ppa?cpi<5. P. 23.1. 3. papan. 4. papan. 5. cpealm. 7. mihte. 8. papan. 8. eall. 9. gejnncfte. 10. pi^epigenbe. 11. penbe. 13. micclum. 13. jepapobe. 18. gepeua. 19. p&zfor par 20. papan. 21. hec. 22. bimhopon. 23. man. 24. ])x\i to pa- pan. 26. pomampce. 26. cpealme. 28. leopopton. P. 24. 1.1. onbpebon. 32 VARIOUS READINGS. P. 24. 1. 4. }>popiao\ P. 26.1.12. poplaeton. 9. poppabap. 15. aepenbpa- 11. behpeop- cena. pun^e. 16. pupbe. 11. popjn. 18. Dap. 12. ptpecan. 19. manegum. 16. beapna. 22. langpuman 16. yppenuman. paepelbep 19. J>an..pa&plica. oSSe. 27. pop ? yp5. 23. anpaebnyppe. P. 25. 1. 4. jecyppebe. 26. meb. 5. beaj?ep cpybe. 26. miccle. 8. jepihtla&hce. 27. micclum. 11. gemahnyp. P. 27. 1. 1. auguptine. 13. appaepca. 3. aelmihti^a. 13. pile. 4. mote. 17. ahpebben. 6. gemett. 21. gebpoftpa J?a 6. blippe. leopeptan. 9. pepben. 22. mepigen. 13. myoclan. 23. teapum. 14. auguptinup. 25. pylpe. 14. genumen. 26. miccle. 17. milbheopca. 28. gpegopiep. 18. J?ypne. P. 26. 1. 1. gecomon. 20. ... anbpypbe 2. popepaeba. 21. auguptme ~] 5, 6. mamjene. cpa&J?. 7. pef>an. 22. cpaej>. 8. pyS)>an. P. 28. 1.1. jeepenlse- 8. gemunbe. cenne. 9. anjelcynne. 2. psepcenum. 10. geppemobe. 8. geappe. VARIOUS READINGS. 33 P. 28. 1. 8. pohjenne. 9. bea]>e. 10. ma&nije. 12. unpcaeSjnjep. 14. ^E]>elbipmte. 14. claene lip. 15. pupbon . . . manejum. 16, 17. gepullob anb micclum ]>a cpipcenan. 17. jeappuppobe. 18. Nolbe ppa. 20. lapeopum. 21. pceal. 22. epfcon. 23. poplecon ... 24. ha&pen pcype. 24. gefeobban. 26. Apcebifceope. 27. on apela, in margin. 27, 28. Angelcynne co epcebip- ceope. P. 29. 1. 2. bipcoppcole. 3. angelcynn. 4. Junga. 5. paepe. 6. micclum. 8. Anjolcynne. 9. penbe ept. 10. jeleappum. 11. jeppitu. 14. aelmihtija. 15. 5e. 15. paepe ]?eobe. 17. onbpaebon. 18. papla. 18. punbpa. 19. sype. 20. bypjxijnyppe. 21. ou. 22. piSmnan. 22. Su. 26, 27. pymble..J>one pallium. 27. epcehab. 28. pecle. P. 30. 1. 4. baeg)>eplicum. 9. pyftpan. 34 EXTRACT FROM KING ALFRED'S TRANS- LATION OF BEDE'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. Nip up ]?onne ye hlij'a to popppigienne ]?e be ]?am eabigan Dpe^opie ]mph ylbpa manna pegene to up becom- pop hpylcum mtinjan be monab paepe f he ppa jeopnpulle gymenne bybe ymb Sa haela upe ]?eobe- pecgea]? hi -p pume baeje ]?ibep nipan come cype-men a op Bpytene- ^ monig cepe ]?ing to ceap-ptope bpohte- 3 eac momge coman to bycgeanne ]?a Jmij :• Da jelamp hit f Irpejopiup betpyh o]?pe eac J>ybep com. 3 |?a gepeah betpih o]?ep ]7inj cepe-cmhtap )?aep gepette paepon hpitep lichoman ~j paegepep anbphtan men- *j ae]?ehce je- peaxe. ]?a he j?a hi gepeah ■j beheolb- ]?a ppaegin he op hpylcum lanbe o]?]?e op hpylcejie J?eobe hi bpohte paepon- paebe him man f hi op Bpeotene ealonbe bpohte paepon. 3 [>aep ealonbep bigenjan ppylcpe anjyne men paepon- ept he ppegn hpae]?ep ]?a ylcan lanb leobe Cpiptene paepon. ]?e hi |?a gyt on hae- J?ennyj*j*e gebpolum hpban b :. Cp ? him mon to j paebe. f hi )?a gyt haej?ene paepon- 3 he J?a op mne- peapbpe heoptan ppi^e ppopete 3 ]?up cp'. pala pa f lp paplic "J? ppa paejep peoph- "j ppa leohtep jplitan men pceolan ajan 3 bepittan fyj'tjia ealbop :- a jcipmen, 3/S. 5e?i. b on hse}>enna jilbum hjrdon, Ben. EXTRACT FROM BEDE. 35 6pt he ppaegn hpaet peo )>eob nemneb pappe |?e hi op-coman- ]>a anbppapebe him mon f hi Gngle nembe paepon- cpa?J> he- Pel f j-pa inaej- pop]?on englehce anryne hi habba];- j eac rpylce jebapena]? ■p hi engla epenyppepeajibaj* on heoponum pin :- Da jyt he pup]?op ppaegn- 3 cpa?)?- hpaet hatte peo maeg]? ]?e J?ap cnihtap hibep op gelaebbe paepon ■ |>a -jppapebe him mon 3 cpae)?- f hi Depe nembe pae- pon :• Cp* he- pel p ir cpeben Depe (be lpa eputi - c ) hi pculan beon op jobep yppe abpobene- 3 to Cpiptep milbheoptneppe gecygbe- )>agyt he acpabe hpaet heopa cyninj haten paepe. 3 him mon ^ppa- pebe "J cp'- f he j£l\e hacen paepe- 3 J?a pleogebe he mib hi]' popbum to ]?am naman "j cpae3- Alle- luia- f jebapena3 f te Ixobep lop upep pcvppenbep on )?am baelum pungen pi- 3 he ]?a pona eobe to J?am B'- "J to J?am Papan )?aep Apoptohcan petlep- pop)?an he pylpa 3a jyt nepaep B'- jepopben- baeb hme f he Angel |?eobe on Bpeotene on-penbe hpylce hirgu lapeopap- f $uph 3a hi to Cpipte ge- cypbe beon mihton- 3 cp' f he pylpa jeapo paepe mib Dobep pultume f paeopc to jeppemmanne- gip j?am Apoptolican Papan f licobe- j f hip pilla paepe- "j hip lypneppe:- Da ne polbe pe Papa f ge- f>apijean ne d )?a buphpape ]?on ma- f ppa ae]?ele pep "3 JT a je^unjen- j ppa jelaepeb- ppa peop ppam him c de ird eruti. d jej-ajrian, MS. Cot. 36 EXTRACT FROM BEDE. ^epice :• TCc he pona lipase ]?aep ]>e he bipcop je- popben e pa?]*- *J> he jeppemebe f peopcp he lanje pilnabe f - j ]?a haljan lapeopap hibep onpenbe- )?e pe aep bepopan paebonS- ^ he Sep' Irpejopmp mib hip fcjiymnyjjum *j mib hip gebebum paep gejzultu- mienbe J heopa lap paepe paepfcmbepenbe to Erobep pillan 3 Co paebe T^njel-cynne :• e jehaljo'oe, Ben. f seji julnobe, i?en. s nemnebon, Ben. 37 EXTRACTS FROM THE SAXON CHRONICLE. (Dr. Ingram s Edition.} a.d. 560. ftep penj y6)?elbpiht ro Cantpapa pice* j heolb hit liii. pintpa :• On hip bajum pen be pe halja papa Erpejopiup up pulluht- f pa]' on )?am rpam "j Jmittigo^San jeape hip picep :• a.d. 592. ftep Dpe^opmp penj Co papbome on Rome :• a.d. 596. ftep Dpegopiup papa penbe ro Bpe- tene Aujuptinum mib pel monegum munecum. $a Erobep popb X^njla j?eobe gobppelhan :• a.d. 597- frep com Suguptmup y hip jepepan ro Gn^la-lanbe :• a.d. 601. ftep penbe LVpejopiup pe papa Ku- guptme i^pcebipceope pallium on Bjiyfcene- y pel monige gobcunbe lapeopap him to pultume :• a.d. 604. ftep ^juptinup gehalgob n.bipcopap- QDelhtum 3 I upturn. OQellitum he penbe to bobi- anne €apt-8eaxum pulluht. 3 v/£]?elbypht jepealbe ODellite bipcop-petl on Lunbenpic- ~) Iupto he pealbe bipcop-petl on ftpopep-ceaptpe pe yp xxiv. mila ppam Doppit-ceaptpe :• a.d. 606. frep pop'Spepbe Erpejopiup ymb tvn ^eap ]?9ep ]?e he up pulpiht penbe :• 38 EXTRACTS FROM THE SAXON CHRONICLE. a.d. 616. ftep yG]?elbypht. Cantpapa cyninj. popSpepbe. pe aepopt pulpihfc unbeppeirz; Gnghpcpa cmga :• On \>yyey cmgep (Gabbalb) bajum- pe ylca Lau- pentiup apceb'. pe pap on Cent aeptep TCupiprme* popftpepbe iv. Non. Febp- 3 he pap bebypjeb be TCjuptine :• 8e hahga Tfujuptinup be hip halan hue hme habobe to bipcope- to ]?i f Cpiptep jela- )> 11115 • )>e ]>'d pt paep nipe on Gngla-lanbe- nane hpile aeptep hip popftpiSe naepe butan apcebipcope :• Da aeptep him peng GOelhtup to apceb'- borne pe pap aep bipcop op Lunben. ]?a pupbon Lunben- pajie hae)?ene :• -w — i/ V — "1^- I GLOSSARY. The grammatical references are all made to the Anglo-Saxon Gram- mar and Compendium of Dr. Bosworth. Observe that an a is frequently added, by paragoge, to the termi- nation of adjectives and adjectival pronouns, and is considered by some grammarians to be emphatic ; as eapjaerc, piotis ; re earjrserra papa, the very pious pope ; re ylca, the very same. (See Lye, Hickes, Bosworth, &c.) Rask, however, in his valu- able Grammar, shows that this is merely the definite form of the adjective, since it is invariably preceded by the definite article. (See Thorpe's Translation.) In either case, all adjectives of this form follow the modifications of the second declension of nouns, (pite^a.) a. always, for ever, aye. Xbbob. Xbbou. 1 . m. an abbot. abpoben. (p. p. of abjiebian, to take out.) taken out, plucked, freed, delivered. ac. but, for. aceiman. to produce, beget, bear, bring forth: p. p. acen- neb. born, begotten, descended. acrian. same as axian. abl. 3. f. ail, ailment, disease. abpeojan. perf. abpeaj, pi. abpujon. to suffer, endure, do, commit. abyban. abybban. to kill, destroy. abylegian. perf. abylegobe. to destroy, abolish, expiate. aeppe. ever, always. c 40 GLOSSARY. sejxep. after, concerning, according to. s&pcejijen^a. 2. m. (aejteji, after, £an, to go.) a successor. segSep. either. aegSep ge — ge. as we/Z — as. aehc. 3. f. possession, estate, property. /Eljrpeb. (ael, all, yjiebe, peace; all Peace*, or self, irum. betwixt these, in the mean time, interea. betpyh o]>pe. amongst others. bepepan. perf. bepeop. (pepan, same.) to weep. bibban. perf. baeb. to pray, bid, request, entreat, beseech, demand, invite. bigenja. 2. m. an inhabitant. From the same root as bigenj, worship. Thus in Latin, colo, to inhabit, cul- tivate, and to worship. bijjeng, more correctly bigeng. (be, and jan, to go ; or bujan, to till, cultivate.) worship. bijleopa. 2. m. (bij, by*, leopan, to live.) food, provi- sion, subsistence. binnon. (innon, same.) within. bipceop. bipcop. 1. m. a bishop. birceop-retl. birceop-ptol. l.n. (feci, seat.) a bishop's seat, or see, episcopal throne. bire. from beon. bit). byS. beoft. from beon. * See Jamieson on e-xi. Ilerm. Scythicus. GLOSSARY. |5 blifj*. 3. f. bliss, joy, exultation. bhj-pan. (blipp.) to rejoice, exult, p. pres. bhfpjenbe. re- joicing, exulting. boc. f. (plur. bee.) a book. Germ. buch. boclic. (preeed. and he.) bookhj, belonging to boohs. bobian. perf. bobobe. p. pres. bobijenbe. (bob, a com- mand.} to preach, proclaim, announce. bobung. 3. f. (bob.) a preaching, proclamation. bpeopc. 3. f. a breast. Bpeocen. Bpecen. Britain. bpingan. perf. bpohte. to bring. bpoftop. bpobop. 3. m. a brother, indeclinable in the singular. bujijenb. l.m. (See biggeng.) an inhabitant. buph. bupj. bypig. a city. buphpape. pi. (buph, and papu, an inhabitant; from pep.) inhabitants, townspeople, citizens. bucon. bucan*. but, except, unless, icithout. byejan. b) r cgean. to buy. bylehjncner. 3. f. (byleh? simple, pic, mind f .) simple- mindedness, simplicity, meekness. Eancpapabypij. (bypij, or buph, a city.) The city of the Cantwara or Cantuarii, Canterbury. Eapepe. 1. m. Cccsar, Emperor. ceapjxop. 3. f. (ceapian, to sell, or buy, prop, a place.) a place of sale, forum, market. ceapcep. ceapep. 3. f. a city, town. * See Diversions of Purley on But. t Junius derives this from bile, the beak, and hpir, white, " re- ferring to the beaks of young birds, then to their nature." See Bosworth's Diet, sub voce. 46 GLOSSARY. cepan. perf. cepte. to take, betake, observe, keep. cepecmht. See cypecniht. cepemng. (cypan, to sell.) things for sale, goods, mer- chandize. cilbhab. 1 . m. (cilb, child, hab, state.) childhood. cipce. 2. f. a church. cla&n. clean, pure, innocent. clypian. perf. clypobe. p. p. clypeb. to speak, call, call upon. cnapa. 2. m. a knave, boy, youth. Germ, knabe. cniht. 1 . m. a boy, youth, knight. Lpirt. 1 . m. Christ. Epirten. l.m. a Christian. Epijxenbom. 1. m. (bom, office, state.) Christianity. Christendom. cii(5. (cunnan, to know.) known, certain, cy contracted for cpaeft. cpa&jmn. cpeSan. perf. cpseS. plur. cpaebon. to say, speak, quoth. cpealm. 1. m. qualm, sickness, pestilence, destruction, death. cpySe. cpybe. 1 . m. a word, saying. cyn. l.n. kin, family, tribe, nation. cynmg. 1. m. (cyn*.) a king. cypecnihc. 1. m. (cypan, to sell, cmht, a youth.) a youth offered for sale as a slave, a sale-boy. cypman. cyjmian. 3.m. (ceap, cattle, property ; or cypan, to sell.) a chapman, merchant. cyppan. perf. cypbe. to return, turn away. cySan. perf. cyftbe. cybbe. (cuS, known.) to make known, speak, relate, tell, testify. * Kemble's Glossary to Beowulf. GLOSSARY. 4< baebboc. 3. f. (baeb, action, deed, hoc, compensation. | deed-reparation, repentance, retribution. baej. 1 . m. a day. ba&jhpamlic. (ba&£.) daily. baejpephc. (ba&j.) daily. baej])ejilic baej, Mw very day. bael. 1 . m. deal, part, region. beao\ l.m. death. Deipi. the Deiri, occupying Lancashire, Yorkshire, Westmoreland, Cumberland and Durham, bema. 2. m. (bom, doom.) a judge, governor. beopol. beopl. 1 . m. The devil. Dene, the Deiri. be$. doth, from bon. biaconhab. 1. m. (hab, office, state.) deaconhood. bim. dim, dark. bom. l.m. doom, judgement, power. As a termination, it denotes power, office, state, authority, right. bon. to do, make. Doppic-cearcep. Dorobernia. Canterbury. bpoheman. perf. bpohenobe. to converse, live, behave. bpohenung. 3. f. conversation, society, life, conduct. bpync. 1. n. drink. bpelian. p. pres. bpehgenbe. (bpylb, sin.) to err. bypjxijner. 3. f. (beappan. byppan, to dare ; or byprtig, daring.) presumption, arrogance. ea. 3. f. water, a river. eac. eke, also, moreover. eaca. 2. m. (eac.) an addition, increase. Co eacan, as on addition, moreover, besides. eabij. (eab, happiness.) happy, blessed. eabmoblice. (eaS, gentle, mob, mind.) humbly. eahcacij. (ealrca, eiglit.) eighty. c " 48 GLOSSARY. eal. all. ealb. comp. ylkpe. superl. ylberc. (ylbu, age.) old, ancient. ealbop. 1 . m. (ealb, old.) an elder, chief, prince, leader, abbot. ealh. altogether. eallunga. totally, quite, altogether, entirely, omnino. ealmihcig. See TElmihtig. ealonb. See lglanb. eapjraert. (eje, awe, y&yz, fast.) pious, religious. ece. eternal. eblean. l.n. (eb, back, lean, a loan.) a reward, recom- pense. ejrenyppepeapb. 1 . m. (epen, even, yppe, inheritance, peapb, ward, keeper, possessor.) co-Jieir. epie. lo ! behold ! ecce ! eprtan. (eprt, a hastening^) to hasten. ejt. again, after. In composition, again, back again ; eb has the same import ; and both answer to the Latin re. ehcnyr. 3. f. (ehtan, to persecute.) persecution. enbe. 1 . m. an end. enbung. 3. f. (enbe.) ending, end, death. engel. 1 . m. an angel. 6njelcynn. See Sngelcynn. Gngla-lanb. the land of the Angles. Engla?id. enjlehc. (enjel, an angel.) angelic. Gnghrc. English. Gn^ol. See Xngol. eobe. from gan. eopnojxhce. (eopnort, earnest.) earnestly, diligently; so, now, therefore. eopSe. eapb. 2. f. the earth. eop. from 8u. eopep. your. GLOSSARY. 49 epcehab. l.m. (epce, arch, liab, office, state.) the archu episcopal dignity. eptpull. (ept, love, devotion, yx\W,full.) devout, kind. eSel. l.m. a country, region. paebep. l.m. a father. paebepa. 2. m. an uncle by the father s side. paejeji. fair, beautiful. paephc. (paep, sudden, dreadfid.) sudden, unexpected. p aepc. fast. In composition, both as a prefix and postfix, it denotes firmness, stability, tenacity ; and is still retained in such phrases as "fast-by, fast-asleep, to hold fast." Probably the perfect tense of some ob- solete root of paeptman, to fasten. paepcen. l.n. a fast, fasting. paepc-hapob or hapel. (y&yt, fast, hapan, same as haebban, to have.) fast-having, retentive, tenacious. pap. 3. f. (papan, to go.) a journey, expedition, depart- ure ; hence fare. papan, perf. pepbe. to go, journey, depart. papelb. paepelb. l.m. (papan.) a journey. pealb. (pealban, to fold ; as, in Latin, duplex, triplex, &c. ; from plico.) fold; only used in composition. peallan. p. pres. peallenbe. to fall. peccan. to fetch. pela. much, many. penman. See pon. peop. far. peoph. 1. life, countenance. peopS. (peopep,/owr.) fourth. peopeptig. (peopep.) forty. pipca. (pip, five.) fifth, pipta y&beji, fifth father, a great grandfather s grandfather. Lat. atavus. 50 GLOSSARY. fleam, l.m. (pleon, to flee.) flight. pleon. perf. pleah. to flee, fly. pleopenbe. (pres. p. of pleopan, to flow.) flowing. pole. 1. n. folk, people. Germ. volk. pon. perf. pen^. to take, receive, undertake, begin. pop *. for, instead of, by reason of in respect of, on ac- count of. pope. See Note on pop. popepaeb. (pope, forth, psecgan, to say.) foresaid. popgipan. perf. popjeap. (pop, forth or away, Jipan, to give.) to give, grant, forgive, pardon. pop;j;ytel. (pop, and jytan, to pour out.) forgetful. pophaepebnyp. 3. f. (pop, privat. and hsebban, to have. abs-tineo.) abstinence, conthience. pophojian. p. pres. pophogigenbe.(pop,^mY^. and hojian, to be anxious about.) to neglect, despise. pophtung. 3. f. fear. poplaetan, -letan. (pop, and letan, to let, permit.) to per- mit, suffer, leave, forsake, abandon. poppabian. (pope, and hpabian, pabian, to hasten.) to go before, prevent, anticipate, seek beforehand. * Home Tooke considers pop. the same with " the Gothic sub- stantive t AllClN A> Cause, and that it invariably signifies Cause and nothing else." See Divers, of Purley, vol. i. p. 366. But Dr. Murray derives pop or pope from fc A JC A^T> to go, and traces out its simple signification as being — before in time, place, and circumstances, and, in compounds, forth or forward, and be- fore. Hist. Europ. Lang., vol. ii. p. 23. But " when the particle has & privative signification, it probably represents the Gothic fra : also in pop^ipan, Flem. vergeeven, to forgive ; which are the col- laterals of JrJCAnJ^A^-" See Taylor's Additional Notes to the Diversions of Purley, p. xv. GLOSSARY. .11 pojirpijian. (pop, and \^, silence.) to be silent, pass on r in silence. popftam, -an. sometimes popfton. for that, since, because. pop Sam ])e, or popSan ]>e. for that that, because, be- cause that. Fr. de ce que. popftpapan. perf. popSpepbe. (jo]v$, forth, away, papan, to go.) to go forth, depart, die. popSjanjan. p. pres. popSjanjenb, -jenje. (janjan, or jan, to go.) to go forth, spread abroad. popSriS. l.m. (popS, forth, away, riS, journey.) death, departure. pop-pel. much, greatly, pop pel menige, very many. poppypb. 3. f. (pop, away, and \>ypb,fate.) death, destruc- tion, ruin. ppajcepian. p.p. ppaecepob. (ppa&cu, a decoration.) to fret, adorn. ppam*. from, by. Fpancan. the Franks-, the free people. ppejnan. perf. ppaejin. ppsejn. to ask, enquire. ppemian. to accomplish, perfect, profit, benefit, avail. ppeohce. (ppeo, free.) freely. pulluhc. 1 . m. baptism. pulppemeb. (pull, full, ppemian, to accomplish.) per- fect. pulppemeblice. (preced. and he.) perfectly. pulcum. 1. m. aid, help, a helper. pulpihc. same as pulluhc. pupSop. further. pylpu. f. help, assistance, succour. pylpcan. (pylpc.) to help, assist. * pnam or prtom is the Gothic tJ^flM* Beginning, Origin, and signifies Beginning. Divers. Purley, vol. i. p. 342. 52 GLOSSARY. pynlen. (pyp, yde]\,far, from papan.) long, distant. pypp c. 1 . m. a time, space, period. ge. As a prefix, sometimes communicates a metaphori- cal signification ; as hypan, to hear ; gehypan, to obey. It also assists in forming collective nouns ; as gebpo]>pu, brethren ; gemagap, kindred ; gelaSung, an assembly. At a later period it was changed into y ; as geclypob, y-cleped. ge. and, also, segSepge — ge, as well — as ; 60^ — and. ge. from $u. ye. geanbppapian. (See anbppapian.) to answer. geanbpypban. p. p. geanbpypb. (See anbpypban.) to an- swer. geap. l.n. a year. geapian. (ap, honour, compassion, pity.) to pardon, spare. geapman. geeapman. perf. geapnobe. geeapnobe. to earn, gain, obtain, deserve. geapo, -pu, -pe. ready, prepared. geappupman. perf. geappupSobe. (ap, honour, peopft, worthy.) to honour, respect, reverence. gebeb. l.n. (bibban, to pray.) prayer, devotion. gebigan. perf. gebigbe. p. p. gebigeb. (bigan, to bow.) to bend, incline, turn, convert. gebpmgan. p. p. gebpoht. (bpingan, same.) to bring. gebpoSop. 3. m. a brother, plur. gebpoopu, -pa. brethren. gebyrnung. 3. f. (byrn, same.) an example. geceoran. perf. geceap. (ceopan, same.) to choose. gecigan, -cygan. p. p. gecigeb, -cygeb. (cigan, same.) to call, name. gecneopblsecan. perf. gecneopbla&hce. (cneopb, skilful, diligent, and laecan.) to study. GLOSSARY. 53 gecnypbnyp? -cneopbnyp. 3. f. (cneopb, diligent.) study, care, diligence, sincerity. gecuman. perf. gecom. (cuman, to come.) to come, come together. gecupan. p. p. gecopen. (cupan, same.) to choose, elect. gecpeme. (cpeman, to please.) pleasing, gratifying. gecynb. 1 . n. (cyn.) nature, generation, kind, mode, state. gecynbe. adj. natural, innate. gecyppan. (cyppan, same.) to turn, turn away, return, repent, p. p. gecyppeb, converted, repentant, penitent. gecyppebnyr. 3. f. a turning away, conversion. gebapman. perf. gebapenobe. p. p. gebapen. (bapnian, same.) to become, to be proper ; generally used im- personally. gebeopp. l.n. (beopp, same.) tribulation, labour. gebihcan. perf. gebihte. (bihc, arrangement, command.) to arrange, dictate, prepare, compose. gebpepebnyp. 3. f. (bpepan, to trouble, harass.) trouble, tribulation. gebpola. 2. m. (bpola, same.) error. geepenlaecan. (epen, even, equal, and laecan.) to imitate. geenbebypban. perf. geenbebypbne. (enbebypbnip,or a b°dy, pro- hably first signified shape ox form, from an obsolete root denoting, primarily, to lay, and, then, coincidence or agreement. That which agrees with another is similar, and similarity, in matter or mind, was expressed by J\.6IIC or ^ 1C - ^ 1C anf ^ tne terminal #s and le of many Latin words and lich in German, appear frequently to have the signification of hold, possess, or pertain to. (See Hist. Europ. Lang.) To this it may be added, that, in Greek, the ter- minal eidns and eiiceXos, corresponding with the Gothic i\.G£lK, and Anglo-Saxon he, are from eudos, a form, and eiiuov, an image. f Murray's Europ. Lang. GLOSSARY. 63 hcian. perf. hcobe. to like; also impers. to please. lip. lyp. 1. n. life. hpian. (hp.) perf. lypobe. 3. pers. plur. lypbon. lipbon. to live. hue. same as lip. be hip halban hue. in his sound life ; in the prime of life. lop. 1. n. praise. lupian. perf. lupobe. (lupu.) to love. luptyme. (lupu, love, tyman, to teem, bring forth.) lovely, pleasant, delightful. lupu. 3. f. love, affection. Lunben-pape. (pajm, an inhabitant.) the inhabitants or citizens of London. Lunben-pic. (pic, a dwelling, abode, retreat ; vicus ; a frequent termination of the names of places.) Lon- don. lybbenbe. p. pres. of lybban. See leopian. lypnep. 3. f. (lypan, to permit, grant.) leave, permission, liberty. ma. more. ma&g. mag. 1 . m. a relation, kinsman, ancestor, parent. maegen. l.n. main, might, strength, power, virtue. mae£5. 3. f. (maeg, a relation.) family, race, province, nation. ma&pe. great, distinguished, exalted, illustrious, su- preme. maejipian. (ma&pe.) to magnify, exalt, glorify. maeppe-peap. 1 . n. (maeppa, mass, peap, robe.) the mass- robe or sacerdotal garment. magan. to be able, indef. maeg. may. perf. mint, might. man. 1. n. evil, wickedness, sin, crime. man. mann. 3. m. plur. men and manna, a man. D 64- GLOSSARY. man. (indeclinable.) one, anyone; like the French On ; as, man ys&be ; on dit ; they said. mancpealm. l.m. (man, evil, cpealm, qualm, sickness.} a terrible disease, plague, pestilence. manfullice. (man, wickedness^) wickedly, sinfully. maman. perf. manobe. to advise, admonish, warn, ex- hort. mamg. ms&mg. many, menigeo. memgu. the many, a multitude. mamjpealb. msemj}:ealb. (manig, many, jealb, fold.) manifold. manmgenne. from maman. majie. more: greater. maptyp. maptip. l.m. a martyr. me. from ic meb. 3. f. meed, retvard. menmrc. (man.) human : a human being, man. Germ. mensch. mete, mette. l.m. meat, food. raicclum. myclum. much, greatly, earnestly. micel. mycel. mickle, much, great. mib. with. mibbaneapb, -jeajib*. 1. m. (mibb, mid, middle, eapb, earth.) the earth, ivorld. mibbaneapblic. earthly, worldly, temporal. miht. See magan. mil. 3. f. a mile. milbheopte. (milb, mild, heopte, heart.) mild-hearted. milbheoptner, -nyj\ 3. f. mild-heartedness, mercy. * " The earth or world was so named on account of the Teutonic belief that it was formed in the void between the worlds of per- petual fire and perpetual frost." Murray's Europ. Lang. GLOSSARY. 65 milcpan. (miltr, mercy, pity.) to pity, compassionate, be merciful. nnlcrunj. 3. f. mercy, compassion. mm. my. mob. l.n. mood, mind. moboji. 3. f. a mother, mobjiu. mobbjm. mothers. monab. (from monian, same as manian.) advised. monS. monaS. l.m. a month. mopgen. moprgen. l.m. morning. mofc. (defective.) must, might, or ought. moc. (defective.) I may, can, or am able. munuc. munec. l.m. a monk. munuchab. l.m. (hab, stale.) monkhood. mimuchc. monklike, monkish, belonging to a monk. munuchf. l.n. (\iy, life.) monastic life, a monastery . mu5. 1. m. mouth. mycelnyr. 3. f. (mycel.) greatness. mynegung. 3. f. advice, admonition, exhortation. mynrceji. l.n. a minster, monastery. naeppe. (ne sejrpe.) never. naen. n senne. (ne sen. ne senne.) no one. naepe. (ne psepe.) might not be. naer. (ne paer.) teas not. nama. c 2. m. a name. nan. (ne an.) no one, none. nace. not. nacerhpon. (nace^aer hpon.) not this little, by no means, on no account. ne. not, neither. nemnan. p. p. nemneb. (nama, a name.) to name, call. next, (superlat. of neah, nigh.) nearest or next, at nexcan, at the next, at last. d2 66 GLOSSARY. nrjhpoppen. (neah, near, lately, or nip, new, hpeoppan, to turn.) newly or lately converted. nillan. nyllan. perf. nolbe. (ne jnllan, ne polbe. Lat. nolle. i. e. ne velle.) to be unwilling, not to will, to ?iill*. nip. nyr. (ne lp.) is not. nip. new. nipan. (nip, new.) lately, recently. nu. now. oft* of, from, out of . opaxian. perf. opaxobe. (axian, to ask.) to ask of, learn by asking. occuman. perf. ojcumon. (cuman.) to come from, to be derived from. opep. over, above, upon. oreneac. 2. m. (opeji, and eaca, an addition.) remainder, overplus, surplus. opepptrgan. perf. opepptah. (opeji, over, ptigan, to climb, ascend.) to pass over, excel, exceed, surpass. opjan. (jan, to go.) to go for wards, go out ; to go against, require, demand, seek, request. oppettan. P-P-°Fr eC - (°F> over or against%, pettan, to set. Lat. op-pono, op-primo.) to oppose, oppress, overwhelm. ojplean. perf. opploh. p.p. ojplejen, -platen. (plean,*a?we.) to slay, strike. * " That will he, mil he, to the great house He went " Gray. f See Divers, of Purley, vol. i. p. 367 et seq. where it is main- tained that of is a fragment of the Gothic yVfT/VJC/V, posteri- ty, and Anglo-Saxon Kpopa, proles, and denotes consequence, off- spring, &c. In composition, it generally retains this meaning. % Hermes Scythic. page 104. GLOSSARY. G7 ope. oft, often. on. on, in, into, with, daring. In composition, upwards. upon, over, forward: sometimes privative and equi- valent to tin. onbjiaeban. perf. onbpeb. to dread, fear. ongean. (on, forwards, gan, to go.) again, against, to- wards ; to meet. Lat. ob-viam. onjnman. perf. ongan. p. p. ongunnen. (on and gan.) to begin, commence, undertake. ongunnon. perf. plar. of onjinnan. onrenban. (renban, to send.) to send to, send forth. onpjan. p. pres. onpgenbe. (rijan, to fall.) to fall upon. impend, threaten, increase. opman. to breathe. op-cpupian. (op, usually privative, tpupian, to trust.) to distrust, despair. o$. until, unto, as far as, as long as. oSeji. other. o}>(5e. or. pa&llen. purple. pallium. (Lat.) a robe, pall. Papa. (Lat.) the Pope. papanhab. l.m. (hub, office, state.) the popedom. papbom, l.m. (bom, office, state.) the popedom. pircel. pircol. 1. m. (Lat. epistola.) an epistle, letter. pleojan. rather plegian. perf. pleogebe. (ple t Ta. play.) to play. ppeorchab. (ppeort, a priest, had, office, state,) priesthood. paeb. l.m. counsel, advice; that which results from counsel ; advantage, benefit. peab. red. 68 GLOSSARY. pea]:, l.n. a robe, garment, clothing. pegolice. (pegol, a rule.} regularly, as a regular or monk. peliquiar. (Lat. accus. of reliquiae.) reliques. peSe. fierce, raging, fatal. pice. 1. n. a region, kingdom, jurisdiction, reign. As a terminal postfix, it denotes office, dominion, power ; thus birceoppice, a bishopric, or the jurisdiction of a bishop. pilic. right, just, pihte. rightly ', justly, fully. pihchce. rightly , justly . pixian. perf. pixobe. (quasi picpan, from pice, a king- dom.} to reign, ride. Rom. Home. Romana-buph or bypig. The Homan city, Rome. Romamrc. Roman, Romish. racepb. l.m. (Lat. sacerdos.) a priest. rae. 1. m. the sea. rael. 1 . m. time, season, occasion, opportunity. raepnyr. 3. f. (raep, sore.) soreness, grief anguish. raeplic. raphe, (raep.) sad, grievous, lamentable, ramob. (ramnian, to collect together ; provincially, " to sam") together, at the same time. Germ, sammt. ranbe. 1. m. a sending, mission, embassy. rapl. 3. f. the soul. rcealan. to owe, shall, perf. rceolb. should. rceaSa. 2. m. a, thief enemy, adversary . rceapian. pres. p. reeapijenbe. to show ; to see, behold, observe, look at, inspect. rcinenbe. (pres. p. of rcinan, to shine.) shining. rcip. 3. f. a shire, province, county. rcipmen. shiremen, inhabitants or people of a shire. GLOSSARY. 69 pcipman. (pcip, a ship.) a ship-man, merchant. pcopthce. (pcopt, short.) shortly, briefly. pcylbig. (jcy\b, debt, guilt, crime, from pcealan, to owe*.) guilty. pcyppenb. l.m. (pcyppan, to shape, create.) Creator. pe, reo, ]>8&t. the, he, ivho, tvhich, that. pecgan. perf. paebe. to say. rejen. pa&jen. f. (pecgan.) a saying, tradition, report penban. perf. renbe. to send. peopon. seven. peoponpealb. sevenfold. peopoSa. seventh. peel. pcol. l.n. a seat, throne. Settle is still preserved in some provincial terms ; as lang-settle. piccetung. 3. f. a sigh, groan. pmpull. pynpull. (pyn.) sinful, wicked : as a noun, a sin" ner. pmgal. frequent, continual, incessant. pingallice. continually, perpetually. pingan. perf. panj. p. p. punjen, to sing. pi5. adv. lately, afterwards. pi(55an (pi5 to Sam.) after that, after, afterwards, then, since. pix. six. pla&ge. pleje. l.m. slaying, slaughter, destruction, death. plyhc. 3. f. slaughter, havoc. pona. soon, pona hpaSe. immediately, very soon. po(5. true, sooth. poSpaepcnep. -nyp. 3. f. (po5, true, ys^yt, fast.) truth, sin- cerity, faith, integrity. pofthce. (poS.) truly, verily. * See Murray's Europ. Lang. vol. i. p. 219. 70 GLOSSARY. poSpe. from roft. pppecan. (pppsec, speech.) to speak. ptanban. perf. ptob. to stand. pceppan. rtaeppan. to step, advance. p tifthce. (f titS, hard, severe.) hardly, severely ; compar. ptitShcop. ptpa&t. 3. f. a street. ptpec. brave, strong, mighty, powerful. pum*. some, someone, something, a certain one. Both as a prefix and postfix, it usually retains its prono- minal character and import, and generally implies a portion of any thing, or a slight degree of diminu- tion, like its offspring, the modern some ; as rumftinj rcoptlice, somewhat briefly ; pmr urn, some joy, joyous. runbpig. sundry, different, various, frequent. rutS. south. ppa. so, thus, as. ppa ppa, so as ; ppa hpa ppa, so ivho so, whosoever ; ppa hpset ppa, ivhatsoever ; ppa (5eah, so though ; yet, nevertheless. rpeajit. swart, swarthy, black. ppejan. (ppeg, a sound, noise.) to sound, signify, mean. rpeltan. to die. The word, beaft, is sometimes added, by pleonasm, for the sake of emphasis. ppetnep. -nyp. 3. f. (ppete, siveet.) siveetness. ppetpe. (comp. of ppete.) sweeter, ppilc. ppylc. (ppa lie.) such, ppilcum. to such, rpylce. so, as, as if; eac ppylce. so also. * yum, which is manifestly from the Gothic SflMS- appears to have no connection whatever, or, at least, a very remote affinity with the Greek acofia, a body, from which Meric Casaubon and others, in their zeal to prove Greek the parent language, wish to derive it. See Casaubon de Ling. Anglo-Sax. GLOSSARY. 71 rpincan. to labour, be fatigued with labour*. rpingel. 3. f. (j*pinj, same.} stripe, chastisement, affliction. fjrtSe. rpytJe. very, much, greatly. ppopeuan. perf. rpopete. to breathe, to sigh. rpujib. ppeopb. l.n. a sivord. rpucehce. (fpuCel, manifest.} manifestly, openly, plainly. rylp. self, same, he rylp. he himself, accus. lime f\'lpne. ryllan. pert", realbe. to give, present, sell. pymlle. pimle. ever, always, constantly. ryn. 3. f. sin. rynbon. rynb. ry. from peran, to be. cacen. tacn. l.n. a token, sign, miracle. caecan. perf. caehce. to teach, instruct, direct, shoic. teap. 1 . m. a tear. ceon. rather ueojan. perf. teah. to tug, tow, draw, heave. cib. 3. f. tide, time, hour. ohcan. perf. cihce. to exhort, persuade, cdlure, draw. nhtinj. exhortation, persuasion. tima. 2. m. time. co. too. cof. to, after, for, as, at, from, in, until. In composition, it sometimes denotes excess, approximation or ad- vance, but is more frequently a mere syllabic aug- ment. cobpecan. to break, destroy. cocepan. perf. cocaqi. to tear, tear in pieces. * " what time the labour'd ox In his loose traces from the furrow came, And the sicinkt hedger at his supper sat." Milton's Comus. f to is the Gothic substantive TJVfll ov TJV^hTS act, effect, remit, and denotes act, end. Divers, of Purley. 72 GLOSSARY. co para, to that, to that degree, so : to ]>am ppyfte, so much, so terribly. Co ]>y. to the end that. topejib, -peapb, -peajibe. (co, to, or forward, peopftan, /o 6e ; or peapb, ward, expressing situation, direction.) as a preposition, toward", as a participle or partici- pial adjective, it denotes futurity, about to be, about to come, futurus-a-um. cpahc. an exposition, commentary, cpahc-boc. an expo- sition-book, treatise. cpupa. 2. m. faith, confidence. cpymnyp. 3. f. (cpuni, strong.) stay, support ; exhortation. cpa. two. cyn. ten. un. as a prefix, is always privative. unbep. under, among. unbeppengan. perf. unbeppeng. pres. p. unbepponbe. (penjan, to take.) to take, undertake, receive, provide. unbepjycan. perf. unbepgeac. (jycan, for gepican, to know.) to knota, perceive, understand. unbepo'eoban. perf. unbepSeobbe. p. p. unbepfteobbe. (unbep, and Seoben, a king, ruler ; or Seob, a nation.) to subdue, subject. unpcea'Sig. (un, not, pceaSa, miscreant, luretch.) innocent. uncpumnyp. 3. f. (un, not, Cpum, strong, in-firmus.) in- firmity, indisjwsitio7i. unSancpypft. (un, not, Sane, thanks, peojiSe, worthy.) ungratefid, unpleasing. up. (upa, high*.) as a prefix, denotes motion upwards. upapa&pan. (up, and ajiaepan, to rear.) to uprear, raise or lift up. uphc. supreme, heavenly. * Divers, of Purlev. GLOSSARY. 73 ujie. our. up. from ic. I. uton. utun. (Adccrbium hortandi ; age, agite, agedum.) Let us. It governs the verb following in the inrin. mood, as uton pleon, let us flee ; uton gemunan, let us remember ; uton apenban, let us turn. pac. weak, vile, mean, humble. pacol. (paean, to wake.) wakeful, watchful. }?acolne. The same as Vigilantius in Latin, and rprjyopws in Greek : the Watchful. paeolhce. ivakefully, anxiously. pa&cea. 2. m. a waking, watching. pa&pelf. l.n. (paepan, to cover J) a covering, robe, cloak, garment. paej. pex. 1. m. a way. pa? la pa. (pa, woe, la, oh !) woe, oh, woe ! alas, alas ! well-a-way * / paep, pep, psepon. psepe. pepon. peape. from pepan. ps&pum. 1. m. fruit. paeptmbaepe. paeptmbepenb. (paepcm, fruit, baepan, to bear.) fruit-bearing, fruitful. pape. (plur.) wares, merchandize, goods. pe. plural of ic. pealhptob. l.m. (pealh, a foreigner, pcebe, a place, in place, instead ; as, in lieu, from Fr. lieu, a place.) one in the place of a foreigner, an interpreter. * Well-a-day, is j-se la ^se^. " For, welUa-day, their date was fled." Woe worth, jae jeopfte ; vae sit. " Woe worth the chase, woe worth the day, That costs thy life, my gallant grey ! " Lady of the Lake. 74 GLOSSARY. pel. peel, well ; sufficiently, very ; in the latter sense it is still retained in such expressions as well nigh. peojic. 1. n. work. peonS, or pupSmynt. 3. f. (people, worthy, mynt, re- membrance.*) honour, reverence, dignity, glory. , peopSan. perf. peapb ; in the plural peopbon. pupbon. popbon. to be, be made, become. pep. l.m. a man, husband. The termination ep, pro- bably a contraction of pep, usually denotes the mas- culine gender, as peopm-ep, a food-man, or farmer*. peran. indef. eom. perf. pa&p. to be. pilla. pylla. 2. m. the will. pillan. pyllan. perf. polbe. to will, wish. pilman. perf. pilnobe. (pilla, the will.) to tuill, desire. pinrum. pynpum. (jyn, joy, delight.) winsome, pleasant, delightful. pintep. 3. m. winter. The northern nations reckoned by winters. pip. wise, prudent. pica. 2. m. (pitan, to know.) a ivise man, a counsellor, prince, noble, pitena-^emot, the assembly of the wise, or Saxon Parliament. pitan. indef. and perf. pat. to know, perceive, understand'. hence wot. pite. 1. n. punishment, torment, plague, calamity, evil. pitega. 2. m. (pitan.) a prophet, wise man. pitobhce. (pitan, to know, to wit. Lat. scilicet, i. e. scire licet. Fr. savoir.) for, truly, verily. piftepian. indef. pifiepi^e. pres. p. pi'Seprjenbe. (piSep, against, contrary.) to oppose, resist. * See Jamieson's Ilerm. Scytliic. and Bosworth's Anglo-Saxon Grammar. GLOSSARY. 15 pifimnan*. within. piftucan*. without. phce. l.m. splendour, grace, beauty. plifcig. (plice.) splendid, graceful, beautiful. pobnep-baeg. 1. m. (J7oben, Woden, a Saxon deity, baej, a day.) Wednesday. pop. l.m. (pepan, to weep?) weeping, lamentation, cry ; hence whoop. popb. l.n. a word. populb. pojilb. 3. f. the world. populbhc. worldlike, worldly. ppaecpift. l.m. (ppaec, exile, pift, a journey.) journey, banishment, pilgrimage. ppecan. (ppacu, vengeance.) to wreak, punish, avenge. puce. 2. f. a iveek. pulbep. -op. l.m. glory, honour. pulboppulhce. gloriously, honourably. punbop. l.n. a wonder, miracle. punbpian. pres. p. punbprgenbe. to wonder, admire. puman. to dwell, remain, continue. pununj. 3. f. a habitation, dwelling. pupbe. pypbe. perf. subjunc. of peopSan. pylm. 1 . m. warmth, heat, anger, ardour, zecd. ypel. l.n. evil. ypel. evil, wicked. ylc. ilk, same. ylbing. 3. f. (ylbu, age.) delay. ylbpa. from ealb. ymb. ymbe. (embef.) about, after, concerning, accord- ing to. In composition, about. * See Divers, of Purley. f Corresponding to the Greek a/j.eappa. poor, needy, destitute. )>eappan. to need, be in need, require, consider neces- sary. beap. l.m. custom, rite, institution, law, plur. manners, morals. ]>eman. perf. penobe. (begen. a thane, servant. ) to serve, minister, wait upon, administer. ])eob. 3.f. a nation, province, people. peon. perl", peah. pres. p. J>eonbe. to grow up, increase, thrive, advance, succeed. }>eop. l.m. a servant. |>eopbom. l.m. (peop, and bom, state, condition.} ser- vice. beopian. perf. J>eopobe. p. pres. ]?eopijenbe. (peop.) to serve. Sep, Seop, Sip. this. Si. Sy\ used for all cases of the article and pronoun, but principally for 6am. pop bi, for this, for this cause, ivherefore. idcirco. co Ju, to the end that. pibep. thither. Sin, Sine, Sin. (Su, thou.) thy, thine. binj. l.n. a thing, work, goods. J>ohan. perf. ]>olobe. infin. pohjenne. to suffer, bear, en- dure. Son. for Sam. Son ma. the more so. Sonne, then, when, than. boppian. perf. Soppce. same as Seappan. ppeo. three. J)]nccijoSe. (]my, three, whence Jmitcij, thirty.) thirtieth. Jjpohcu. 3. f. the throat. ofeji; but the distinction was frequently disregarded by Anglo- Saxon writers. See Rask and Bosworth. 78 GLOSSARY. ppopian. perf. ]>popobe. to suffer. jrpopung. 3. f. suffering, passion. Su. thou. }mph*. thorough, through, by, by means of, on account of- ]mphpunian. perf. Jmjihpunobe. (puman, to dwell, re- main.} to continue, remain, persevere. Jmprtig. (jmprc, thirst.) thirsty. Suf. thus. ppyjinyj*. 3. f. (]?peop, crooked, perverse.) perverseness, depravity. }>yrcpu. (plur.) l.n. darkness. * Home Tooke shows, almost incontrovertibly, that Jmjih is from the Gothic oLAttlCC' or tne Teutonic substantive, Thuruh, and means a door, gate, passage. Divers, of Parley, vol. i. ch. 9. p. 334. Junius appears inclined to a similar etymon. See Etyniol. Anglic, under Through. THE END. PRINTED BY RICHARD AND JOHN E. TAYLOR, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. WORKS RELATING TO THE PROVINCIAL DIALECTS OP ENGLAND, PUBLISHED OR SOLD BY JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 4, OLD COMPTON STREET, SOHO, LONDON. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL LIST of all the Works which have heen published towards illustrating the Pro- vincial Dialects of England, by John Russell Sjiith, post 8vo. Is. 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