UC-NRLF 
 
 ^B 257 STE 
 
 PE 
 
 1145 ^ 
 
 D22 
 
 1902 
 
 MAm 
 
 mem 
 
 II 
 
 ,ii 
 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 University of California. 
 
 GIFT OF 
 
 i...pJL4, .<W,<v..C^ 
 
 Class ^r, _ . 
 
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Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 
 in 2007 with funding from 
 
 IVIicrosoft Corporation 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/advancedrationalOOdalyrich 
 
AN ADVANCED 
 RATIONAL SPELLER 
 
 FOR THE HIGHEST GRAMMAR CLASSES 
 AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS 
 
 BY 
 
 IDA M. DALY 
 
 Senior Teacher of English, the Eastern High Scmool, 
 Washington, D.C. 
 
 ov TToVA' dVAa iroXv 
 
 BENJ. H. SANBORN & CO. 
 
 BOSTON NEW YORK CHICAGO 
 
 1906 
 
t 
 
 COPYKIGHT, 1902, 
 By IDA M. DALY. 
 
 Stanbope PtcM 
 
 GILSON COMPAN' 
 BOSTON, U.S.A. 
 
PEEFAOE. //4//\} 
 
 The only excuse for imposing another speller upon 
 the public is its necessity. Spelling-books as a rule deal 
 with words that pupils might misspell, or perhaps should 
 misspell, but which in fact they do not. A few words 
 taken at random from the second lesson of a very good 
 speller will serve to illustrate the point. Chirography, 
 chirurgery (marked obsolete in Webster's International), 
 chirology, chiromancy, crinoid, crinal, primordial, clima- 
 tology, are all very good words in their way, but unfor- 
 tunately they are used by few pupils, who, if they use 
 them intelligently, generally know how to spell them ; 
 meanwhile the rank and file are misspelling, descrip- 
 tion, separate, stratagem, enemies, to, too, benefiting, privi- 
 lege, thus violating well known rules of spelling and 
 derivation. 
 
 The necessity of the use of a speller containing words 
 frequently misspelled, supplemental to the regular text 
 book, has called into existence The Advanced Rational 
 Speller. The Advanced Rational Speller is a three 
 years' record of the misspelled words in all subjects 
 pursued at the Eastern High School, Washington, D.C. 
 The book is designed for use in the high school and 
 the grades immediately below it. As may be seen at a 
 glance, the words are simple, from the vocabulary of 
 
 210068 
 
the pupils in the grades below the high school, and 
 are those for the most part that may be spelled in 
 conformity with simple rules of spelling and philology. 
 The record develops the fact that pupils enter the high 
 school misspelling such words as description, separate, 
 enemies, countries, too, two, turns, employ, until, truly, 
 losing, seize, receive, believe, friend and scores of simi- 
 lar ones, which have been in their vocabulary for a 
 long time previous to admission to the high school. A 
 similar investigation of spelling in the colleges would 
 produce somewhat similar results. High schools and 
 colleges have a way of thinking that spelling is not in 
 the curriculum. Many college graduates have been 
 heard to say that they have never known a rule for spell- 
 ing. The record of misspelled words referred to above 
 shows little knowledge of spelling rules. Some spellers 
 contain rules at the end of the book, a fact that may 
 explain the lack of knowledge of rules ; for the end of 
 the bopk, as is well known, is seldom reached. The 
 Advanced Rational Speller places the rules in the order 
 of greatest need, as developed by the record of words 
 misspelled during the first term after admission to the 
 high school. The results are surprising: the average 
 teacher would not say a priori that the spelling rules 
 most often violated are the obviously simple ones for 
 doubling the final consonant, dropping the final e and 
 changing the final y into ies for the plural ; but such 
 are the facts as developed by the record referred to 
 above. By placing the rule in the middle of a group 
 of words an attempt has been made to develop the rules 
 
PREFACE, V 
 
 inductively, then to have them applied deductively. A 
 grave error in all inductive development work is that 
 it ends usually with the generalization, without supple- 
 menting the inductive work by hard and fast deductive 
 clinching in the application of the rules. 
 
 Only those rules and exceptions are given that the 
 record shows to be necessary. In event of an excep- 
 tion affecting only a few words, it has been thought 
 best to learn the words individually: for one of the 
 objections to the learning of spelling rules is that the 
 rule with its many exceptions, instead of aiding the 
 pupil, serves only to confuse him. 
 
 In addition to the help of the spelling rule, the assist- 
 ance of derivation is called in. The word is analyzed 
 wJienever analysis helps ; many derivatives from the 
 same root are grouped, as are many words with similar 
 prefixes or suffixes ; the foreign root is given when a 
 help ; when all philological association fails the system 
 of mnemonics is appealed to. In fact, all known practical 
 aids resorted to in the schoolroom in the struggle for 
 correct spelling are called into requisition. 
 
 The spelling record having been made up by the 
 diligent search for misspelled words on pupils' papers 
 by the teachers of mathematics, physics, chemistry, 
 botany, zoology, foreign languages and EngUsh, these 
 words, comprising a wide range of commonplace vo- 
 cabulary, will be grouped under their respective heads. 
 
 The necessity for drill in spelHng is seen in the fact 
 that certain words, i.e., description, separate, privilege, 
 principal, principle, benefit, are misspelled term after 
 
"Vl PREFACE. 
 
 term, year after year, by the same pupil, after special 
 individual practice, philological appeal and even severe 
 discipline. It has been the privilege of the writer to 
 follow one pupil through the four years' course of 
 English with the one word benefiting, only to be com- 
 pelled to explain the derivation and the rule for doub- 
 ling ten times to the same individual during the fourth 
 year. This is not exaggeration, but a recorded fact, 
 which is told only to illustrate the fact that if there is a 
 royal road to spelling except through the old grist-mill, 
 the writer has yet to learn it. 
 
 Correct spelling cannot be gained through the spelling- 
 book alone. The dictionary habit must be cultivated. 
 The Advanced Rational Speller aims to present only 
 commonly misspelled words. No spelling-book can con- 
 tain all the words of special vocabularies, the special 
 vocabulary of one year differing from that of the next. 
 The change in the English course from De Quincey's 
 " Revolt of the Tartars " to Parkman's " Braddock's 
 Defeat" necessitates a change of the spelling from 
 " Koulagina " to " Monongahela." In addition to the 
 spelling text book in the hands of the pupils every 
 teacher should make a progressive spelling-book of his 
 own. All words misspelled should be written cor- 
 rectly by the pupils misspelling them, upon a spelling- 
 board reserved for the purpose, and should be copied 
 by the pupils in a spelling note-book, from which 
 special spelling lessons should be given from time to 
 time. 
 
 Eternal vigilance is the secret of good spelling as it 
 
PREFACE. vii 
 
 is of good discipline, for spelling, after all, is mainly a 
 matter of discipline. There should be such a scrutiny 
 of written matter that every pupil is called to account 
 for every word that is misspelled. He should becom- 
 pelled to look for it in the dictionary, put it on the 
 spelling-board, record it in his note-book, practice it 
 a number of times, write the rule involved, derive it, 
 write it in sentences and above all should feel the seri- 
 ousness of the offense so as to wish to avoid it in the 
 future by frequent consultations of the dictionary. 
 When pupils leave college, misspelling such words as 
 coming, siege, transferred, it means a lack of such 
 individual criticism throughout the grades, the high 
 school and the college. 
 
 There have been no words introduced in The 
 Advanced Rational Speller that have not been found 
 on pupils' papers, it being thought wiser to concentrate 
 efforts upon words really misspelled, inasmuch as the 
 record shows over two thousand of these. Human 
 nature runs in grooves. It insists upon misspelling 
 the same words in very much the same way, — separ- 
 ate, seperate ; description, discription ; benefit, benifit ; 
 though all reason be lined up on the other side. These 
 words that, despite drill, appear again and again on the 
 record are made to appear again and again in the re- 
 views of The Advanced Rational Speller. 
 
 Thanks are due the Principal and Faculty of the 
 Eastern High School, through whose painstaking efforts 
 in this research such a record of words as this has been 
 made possible, and whose united battling in the cause 
 
viii PREFACE. 
 
 of good spelling and ready encouragement and sym- 
 pathy at all times have made the teaching of spelling a 
 boon rather than a bugbear. 
 
 IDA M. DAI.Y. 
 The Eastekn High School, 
 Washington, D.C. 
 March, 1902. 
 
 PUBLISHERS' NOTE. 
 
 While this Speller was prepared, primarily, for the 
 Secondary School, its vocabulary is largely that of the 
 Grammar School. It can be profitably used in the 
 highest classes of the Grammar school, to teach, not 
 language, upon which so many recent Spellers put the 
 emphasis, but spelling. That there is a place for it, 
 recent correspondence with a large number of good 
 schools has satisfactorily proved. 
 
 The question of diacritical marks is always a trouble- 
 some one to both Author and Publisher of a Spellei;. 
 After correspondence with a large number of the best 
 schools. East and West, it has seemed best to use them 
 on only such words as are likely to be mispronounced. 
 
DIACRITICAL MARKS. 
 
 waster's International Dictionary. 
 
 Long Vowel Sounds. 
 
 Long a, a as in ale, fate, labor, or e as in they. 
 
 Long e, e as in eve, mete, serene. 
 
 Long i, 1 as in Ice, time, sight, or y as in by. 
 
 Long o, o as in old, note, row. 
 
 Long u, u as in use, mute, pure. 
 
 The diacritical mark (-) indicates the long sound of the 
 vowel. The name of the mark is the macron. 
 
 Short Vowel Sounds. 
 
 Short a, a as in am, add, fat. 
 
 Short e, 6 as in 6nd, m6t. 
 
 Short i, I as in 111, pin, or y as in pithy. 
 
 Short o, 6 as in 5dd, not, or a as in watch. 
 
 Short u, li as in tip, tiib, study. 
 
 The diacritical mark (-) indicates the short sound of the 
 vowel. The name of the mark is the breve. 
 
 Modified Long Vowel Sounds. 
 
 S,, as in senate, preface, delicate. 
 
 e, as in event, depend, create. 
 
 t, as in idea, tribunal, or y in tyrannical. 
 
 6, as in obey, t6bacco. 
 
 ft, as in unite, human© 
 
X DIACRITICAL MARKS. 
 
 Other Vowel Sounds. 
 
 §,, as in c^re, share, compare. 
 
 6, as in orb, lord, order, or a as in all, awe. 
 
 % as in urn, burn, furl. 
 
 e, as in fern, her, ermine. 
 
 Long Italian a, a (ah) as in arm, far, farther. 
 
 Short Italian a, a (ah short) as in ask, grass, dance. 
 
 Long double o, o or oo, or u, as in lose, ooze, rule. 
 
 Short double o, o or do, or u, as in would, foot, put. 
 
 Diphthongs. 
 
 Diphthong oi, or oy (6 + I), as in oil, boy. 
 Dighthong ow, aw, (a + p), as in out, cow. 
 
 Consonants. 
 
 g, as in go, great. 
 
 g, as in large, gem. 
 
 ch, as in church. 
 
 k, -G, or eh, as in -eob, ehyme. 
 
 s, Q, or Qh, as in faqade, qhateau. 
 
 The name of this diacritical mark (*) is the cedilla j 
 which indicates soft sound. 
 
 th, as in thin, through, breath. 
 
 iii, as in this, then, though. 
 
 § or z, as in a§, zone. 
 
 n, as in no, none, man. 
 
 n, as in anger, linger, bank. 
 
 X = ks, as in ax. 
 
 ^ = gz, as in example. 
 
 The unmarked letter in a digraph is to be taken as if 
 silent, as in break, brgad. 
 
 A silent letter is sometimes written in italics. 
 
ADVANCED EATIONAL SPELLER 
 
 The principal accent is indicated by a heavy mark ( '), and the 
 secondary accent by a lighter mark ('), at the end of a syllable. 
 The members of a compound word are joined by a hyphen. 
 
 
 LESSON 1. 
 
 
 hop 
 
 hop ping 
 
 hopped 
 
 
 shop 
 
 shop ping 
 
 shopped 
 
 shop per 
 
 wrap 
 
 wrap ping 
 
 wrapped 
 
 wrap per 
 
 drag 
 
 drag ging 
 
 dragged 
 
 
 drop 
 
 drop ping 
 
 dropped 
 
 drop per 
 
 bag 
 
 bag ging 
 
 bagged 
 
 bag gage 
 
 cram 
 
 cram ming 
 
 crammed 
 
 
 win 
 
 win ning 
 
 
 win ner 
 
 swim 
 
 swim ming 
 
 
 swim mer 
 
 plan 
 
 plan ning 
 
 planned 
 
 
 Observe the rule applied in the above words. Mono- 
 syllables ending in a single consonant preceded by a single 
 vowel double the final consonant before a suffix beginning 
 with a vowel. Observe the same rule in the following 
 words. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 • LESSON I (Continued). 
 plot plot ting plot ted plot ter 
 
 trot 
 
 trot ting 
 
 ti^ ted 
 
 trot ter 
 
 fit 
 
 fit ting 
 
 fitted 
 
 fitter 
 
 rob 
 
 rob bing 
 
 robbed 
 
 rob ber y 
 
 rub 
 
 rub bing 
 
 rubbed 
 
 rub ber 
 
 tub 
 
 tub bing 
 
 tubbed 
 
 
 red 
 
 
 
 red dish 
 
 Observe the rule for pronunciation. A vowel followed 
 hy a double consonant is generally short. Hopping, 
 ttibbing, robbing would otherwise be hoping, tubing, 
 robing. 
 
 LESSON 2. 
 
 oc cur' 
 
 oc cur' ring 
 
 oc curred 
 
 re fer' 
 
 re fer' ring 
 
 re ferred 
 
 pre fer' 
 
 pre fer' ring 
 
 pre ferred 
 
 trans fer' 
 
 trans fer' ring 
 
 trans ferred 
 
 in fer' 
 
 in fer' ring 
 
 in ferred 
 
 con cur' 
 
 con cur' ring 
 
 con curred 
 
 con trol' 
 
 con trol' ling 
 
 con trolled 
 
 ac quit' 
 
 ac quit' ting 
 
 ac quit ted 
 
 in ter mit' 
 
 in ter mit' ting 
 
 in ter mit ted 
 
 Observe the rule as applied in tiie above words of 
 Lesson 2. Polysyllables accented on the last syllable 
 ending in a single consonant preceded by a single vowel 
 double the final consonant before a suffix beginning with 
 a vowel. Observe further. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLED. 
 
 re grei/ 
 o mit' 
 e mit' 
 
 be gin' 
 ab hor' 
 com pel' 
 de mur' 
 im pel' 
 de ter' 
 re pel' 
 ex tol' 
 
 LESSON 2 
 re gret' ting 
 o mit' ting 
 e mit' ting 
 com mit' ting 
 be gin' ning 
 ab hor' ring 
 com pel' ling 
 de mur' ring 
 im pel' ling 
 de ter' ring 
 re pel' ling 
 ex t6l' ling 
 
 (Continued), 
 re gret ted 
 o mit ted 
 e mit ted 
 com mit ted 
 
 ab horred 
 com pelled 
 de murred 
 im pelled 
 de terred 
 re pelled 
 ex tolled 
 
 com mit tal 
 be gin ner 
 ab hor rence 
 
 de mur' rage 
 
 de ter rent 
 re pel lent 
 
 Combine the rules of Lessons 1 and 2 in one rule. 
 Rule I. — Monosyllables^ and polysyllables accented on 
 the last syllable, ending in a single consonant preceded by 
 a single vowel, double the final consonant before a suffix 
 beginning with a vowel. 
 
 
 LESSON 3. 
 
 
 suf fer 
 
 snf fer ing 
 
 suf f ered 
 
 of fer 
 
 of fer ing 
 
 of fered 
 
 mer' it 
 
 mer' it ing 
 
 mer it ed 
 
 broad' en 
 
 broad' en ing 
 
 broad ened 
 
 red' den 
 
 red' den ing ^ 
 
 red dened 
 
 de vel op 
 
 de vel' op ing 
 
 de vel oped 
 
 con' quer 
 
 con' quer ing 
 
 con quered 
 
4 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 3 (Continued). 
 Make an observation from the above words. The ac- 
 cent is not on the final syllable. The rule still applies. 
 Poll/syllables not accented on the last syllable ending in 
 a single consonant preceded hy a single vowel do not 
 double the final consonant before a suffix beginning with 
 a vowel. Observe further. 
 
 ben' e fit ben' e fifing ben e fit ed 
 
 sum' men sum' men ing 
 
 smn moned 
 
 mod' el 
 
 mod' el ing 
 
 mod eled 
 
 
 (mod' el ling allowed) 
 
 (mod elled allowed^ 
 
 re mod' el re mod' el ing 
 
 re mod eled 
 
 ban' quet 
 
 ; ban' quet ing 
 
 ban quet ed 
 
 ap par' el ap par' el ing 
 
 ap par eled 
 
 jar' gon 
 
 jar' gon ing 
 
 jar goned 
 
 e' qual 
 
 e' qual ing 
 
 e qualed 
 
 
 (e'qual ling allowed) 
 
 (e quailed allowed) 
 
 kid' nap 
 
 kid' nap ing 
 
 kid naped 
 
 
 (kid'nap ping allowed) (kid napped allowed 
 
 
 LESSON 4. -Review. 
 
 
 be gin ning 
 
 of f ered 
 
 
 ben e fit ing 
 
 oc curred 
 
 
 win ning 
 
 suf f ered 
 
 
 stopped 
 
 trans ferred 
 
 
 red dish 
 
 pre ferred 
 
 
 red dened 
 
 im pel 
 
ADVANCan HATlOKAL SPtlLLER. 
 
 LESSON 4 (Continued). 
 
 r,e f er ring 
 
 
 com pel 
 
 de vel op ing 
 
 
 im pel ling 
 
 suf f er ing 
 
 
 de murred 
 
 con trol ling 
 
 
 com mit ted 
 
 ac quit tal 
 
 
 ac quit ted 
 
 wrapped 
 
 
 hop ping 
 
 planned 
 
 
 drop ping 
 
 re pel 
 
 
 ex tol ling 
 
 LESSON ^ 
 
 y 
 
 hope 
 
 hop ing 
 
 
 come 
 
 com ing 
 
 
 plane 
 
 plan ing 
 
 planed 
 
 tube 
 
 tub ing 
 
 
 tune 
 
 tun ing 
 
 
 owe 
 
 ow ing 
 
 
 write 
 
 writ ing 
 
 
 lg§e 
 
 lo§ ing 
 
 
 loose 
 
 loos ing 
 
 loosed 
 
 prove 
 
 prov ing 
 
 proved 
 
 dice 
 
 di Qing 
 
 diced 
 
 re ceive 
 
 re ceiv ing 
 
 re ceived 
 
 close 
 
 clos ing 
 
 closed 
 
 dine 
 
 din ing 
 
 dined 
 
 de clare 
 
 de clar ing 
 
 de clared 
 
 notice 
 
 no ti cing 
 
 no ticed 
 
 lure 
 
 lu ring 
 
 lured 
 
 place 
 
 pla cing 
 
 placed 
 
 prize 
 
 priz ing 
 
 prized 
 
6 
 
 ADVANCJSD RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 5 (Continued). 
 
 hate hat ing hat ed \ 
 
 rise ris ing _ ris en 
 
 love lov ing loved lov a ble 
 
 be lieve be liev ing be lieved 
 
 Observe the rule applied in the above words. 
 Rule II. — A final silent e is dropped before a suffix 
 heginyiing with a vowel. Observe further. 
 
 pro cure 
 
 pro cur ing 
 
 pro cured 
 
 nau se ate 
 
 nau se a ting 
 
 nau se a ted 
 
 note 
 
 not ing 
 
 not ed not a ble 
 
 res cue 
 
 res cu ing 
 
 res cued 
 
 crit i cise 
 
 crit i ci sing 
 
 crit i cised 
 
 de base 
 
 de has ing 
 
 de based 
 
 ne ces' si tate 
 
 ne ces' si ta ting 
 
 ne ces si ta ted 
 
 ex er dise 
 
 ex er ci sing 
 
 ex er cised 
 
 de scribe 
 
 de scrib ing 
 
 de scribed 
 
 per se vere 
 
 per se ver ing 
 
 per se vered 
 
 pur sue 
 
 pur su ing 
 
 pur sued 
 
 pil lage 
 
 pil la ging 
 
 pil laged 
 
 post pone 
 
 post pon ing 
 
 post poned 
 
 con duce 
 
 con du cing 
 
 con duced 
 
 de vise 
 
 de vis ing 
 
 de vised 
 
 ^ re lieve 
 
 re liev ing 
 
 re lieved •^— 
 
 •"*i£as ci nate 
 
 fas ci na ting 
 
 fas ci na ted 
 
 de sire 
 
 de sir ing 
 
 de sired de sir a ble 
 
 gauge 
 
 gau ging 
 
 gauged 
 
 ^ per ceive 
 
 per ceiv ing 
 
 per ceived 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 
 LESSON 5 (Continued). 
 
 
 shine 
 
 shin ing 
 
 shined 
 
 ap prove 
 
 ap prov ing 
 
 ap proved 
 
 ad vise 
 
 ad vis ing 
 
 ad vised 
 
 p6l lute 
 
 p6l Itit ing 
 
 pol lut ed 
 
 in cite' 
 
 in cit ing 
 
 in cit ed 
 
 al Itide 
 
 al lud ing 
 
 al lud ed 
 
 bap tize 
 
 bap tiz ing 
 
 bap tized 
 
 cease 
 
 ceas ing 
 LESSON 6. 
 
 ceased 
 
 dis cours' ing 
 
 dis pens ing 
 
 pre sa ging 
 
 ag gra va ting 
 
 ag ni zing 
 
 be sie ging 
 
 dis guis ing 
 
 al le' vi a ting 
 
 bap tiz ing 
 
 jour nal i zing 
 
 dis solv ing 
 
 dl ver' ging 
 
 ag gre ga ting 
 
 rec' og ni zing 
 
 mag net i zing 
 
 ag i ta ting 
 
 em pha si zing 
 
 ob serv ing 
 
 per suad ing 
 
 dis suad ing 
 
 ex cit a ble 
 
 di vid ing 
 
 mac ad' am i zing 
 
 chas ten ing 
 
 em bra cing 
 
 en ti cing 
 
 re ceiv ing 
 
 pre par ing 
 
 en dur ing 
 LESSON 7. 
 
 choos' ing 
 
 con ced'ing 
 
 ex a.m in ing 
 
 pre ced' ing 
 
 pros e cu ting 
 
 per se cu ting 
 
 s6iz' ing 
 
 se ergt'ing 
 
 sub du ing 
 
 securing 
 
 sum ma ri zing 
 
 ser e nad ing 
 
 su per sed' ing 
 
 shap ing 
 
 sup pes ing 
 
 -^an ing 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 shin y 
 
 ur ging 
 
 so lil' o qui zing 
 
 un as sum ing 
 
 e quipped 
 com ing 
 tran quil li ty 
 shin ing 
 be gin ning 
 ben e fit ing 
 skim ming 
 log ing 
 ban quet ing 
 con trol ling 
 din ing 
 ow ing 
 pre ferred 
 ex cit a ble 
 blam a ble 
 
 LESSON 7 (Continued). 
 sur pris ing thiev ing 
 
 strik ing 
 
 spir it u al i zing 
 
 tyr' an ni zing 
 
 de thron' ing 
 sys'tem ati zing 
 ac com mo da ting 
 
 LESSON 8. -Review. 
 
 ben e fit ed 
 loos ing 
 choog ing 
 writ ten 
 de vel op ing 
 lov a ble 
 din ing 
 mov a ble 
 trans ferred 
 suf fered 
 win ning 
 hop ping 
 o mit ting 
 pur su ing 
 tam a ble 
 
 prov ing 
 plan ing 
 plan ning 
 writ ing 
 6c cur' ring 
 6f fered 
 oc curred 
 pro cur' ing 
 sum moned 
 ac quit tal 
 fas ci na ting 
 hop ing 
 de sir a ble 
 com mit ting 
 bap tiz ing 
 
 LESSON 9. 
 Exceptions to Rule II, Lesson 5. 
 EXCEPTION 1. 
 change a ble cour a geous no' tice a ble 
 
 charge a ble ad van ta geous trace a ble 
 
 dam' age a ble out ra geous peace a ble 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 9 
 
 LESSON 9 (Continued). 
 Words ending in ge or ce retain the e before a suffix 
 beginning with a, or o to preserve the soft sound. O and g 
 are soft before e, but hard before a and o. Observe 
 further. 
 
 mar riage a ble 
 dis ad van ta'geous 
 um bra geous 
 
 un man age a ble ser vice a ble 
 dis cour age a ble ven geance 
 en force a ble (also en for ci ble) 
 
 EXCEPTION 2. 
 
 die 
 lie 
 hie 
 vie 
 tie 
 un tie 
 
 dying 
 lying 
 hy ing 
 vy ing 
 ty ing 
 un ty ing 
 
 Observe in the above words a second exception to 
 Rule II. 
 
 Words ending in ie drop the e and change the i into j 
 to avoid the doubling of the i. 
 
 
 OTHER EXCEPTIONS. 
 
 
 hoe ing 
 
 mile age 
 
 swinge ing 
 
 shoe ing • 
 
 tinge ing 
 
 a gree a ble 
 
 dye ing 
 
 singe ing 
 
 dis a gree a ble 
 
10 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 10. -Review. 
 
 
 com ing 
 
 be gin ning 
 
 
 a gi ta ting 
 
 no tiqe a ble 
 
 prac'ti-ftable 
 
 
 lo§ ing 
 
 sep a ra ting 
 
 change a ble 
 
 
 peaQB a ble 
 
 pre ced ing 
 
 mu ti la ting 
 
 
 ow ing 
 
 ben e fit ing 
 
 con cil i a ting 
 
 loos ing 
 
 Oc curred 
 
 ne ces si ta ting 
 
 stopped 
 
 su per sed ing 
 
 ac quit tal 
 
 
 crit i ci sing 
 
 com mit ted 
 
 shin y 
 
 
 se cret ing 
 
 con ced ing 
 
 blam a ble 
 
 
 lov a ble 
 
 des' pi ca ble 
 
 strik ing 
 
 
 sub du ing 
 
 mov a ble 
 
 ir rec on ci' la ble 
 
 e rad'i-ea ble 
 
 ab bre vi a tion 
 
 ab'so lu' tism 
 
 
 tam a ble 
 
 LESSON 11. -Rule Ml. 
 
 
 re ceive 
 
 
 re ceipt 
 
 • 
 
 per ceive 
 
 
 ceil ing 
 
 
 con ceive 
 
 
 con ceit 
 
 
 de ceive 
 
 
 de ceit 
 
 
 ceil 
 
 
 de ceit ful 
 
 State the rule applied above, — ^^'E follows c when the 
 sound of the diphthong is e." A way to remember it is 
 to think that pronouncing c prolonged makes c-e. 
 
 be lieve 
 
 be lief 
 
 niece 
 
 piece 
 
 brief 
 
 siege 
 
 be siege 
 
 be sieged 
 
 wield 
 
 yield 
 
 re lieve 
 
 re lief 
 
 grieve 
 
 ag grieve 
 
 griev ous 
 
 grief 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 11 
 
 
 LESSON II 
 
 (Continued). 
 
 
 chief 
 
 chief tain 
 
 pierce 
 
 fierce 
 
 lief 
 
 shriek 
 
 frieze 
 
 field 
 
 shield 
 
 re trieve 
 
 re prieve 
 
 sor' tie 
 
 thief 
 
 thieve . 
 
 thiev ing 
 
 thieved 
 
 State the rule as applied above, — "I follows all other 
 letters than c when the sound of the diphthong is e." 
 The following words are exceptions to the rule : weird, 
 seize. 
 
 LESSON 12.— Review. 
 
 re ceive 
 
 con ceit 
 
 yield 
 
 be lieve 
 
 fierce 
 
 be sie ging 
 
 de ceive 
 
 be siege 
 
 . thief 
 
 siege 
 
 re ceipt 
 
 per ceive 
 
 re lieve 
 
 thiev ing 
 
 wield 
 
 ceil ing 
 
 de ceit 
 
 chief 
 
 shriek 
 
 niece 
 
 field 
 
 seize 
 
 shield 
 
 chief tain 
 
 lief 
 
 sei zure 
 
 re lief 
 
 piece 
 
 ag grieve 
 
 de ceit f ul 
 
 grie vous 
 
 ceil 
 
 frieze 
 
 LESSON 13. -Rule IV. 
 
 Quality of being. State of being. 
 
 mean ness = mean + ness keen ness = keen -}- ness 
 lean ness = lean + ness even ness = even -f- ness 
 plain ness = plain + ness stub born ness = stub born + iie99 
 
12 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 LESSON 13 (Continued). 
 Cruel like. Loyal like. 
 
 cru el ly = cru el + ly loy al ly = loy al + ly 
 
 joy ful ly = joy ful + ly ^w f ul ly = aw f ul + ly 
 
 le gal ly = le gal + ly e qual ly = e qual + ly 
 
 Not nerve. Not satisfy. 
 
 un nerve = un + nerve dis satisfy = dis -p satisfy 
 
 Not similar Wrong step. 
 
 dis sim i lar = dis + sim i lar mis step = mis + step 
 
 State the rule applied above, — " The final letter of a 
 word or prefix is usually retained before the same letter 
 in the suffix or root,^^ Observe further : 
 
 Noun Adjec- Ad- 
 
 JNoun. ^.^g_ ^g^.^^ 
 
 ac ci den tal ly = ac ci dent -f- al + ly 
 o rig i nal ly = or i gin + al + ly 
 ex cep tion al ly = ex cep rlon + al + ly 
 in ci den tal ly = in ci dent + al + ly 
 oc ca sion al ly = oc ca sion -f al + ly 
 al ge bra ic al ly = al ge bra ic + al + ly 
 
 Tell from observing the above words how adverbs 
 are formed. *■'' Some adverbs are formed by adding ly to 
 adjectives.'"' Hence accidentally = accidental + ly, not 
 accident +ly. Observe further: 
 
 re spect ful ly dis re spect ful ly ir rev'er ent ly 
 
 for mal ly for mer ly dti ti ful ly 
 
 skill ful ly (also reg u lar ly per pen die u lar ly 
 
 skil ful ly) 
 
 e' go tis'tic al ly psy'cho log' ic al ly chron' o log' ic al ly 
 
 spir it u al ly spright ly stri king ly 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 13 
 
 tact f ul ly 
 
 
 se cret ly 
 
 smooth ly 
 
 spe cial ly 
 
 
 ti nan' i mous ly 
 
 vig or ous ly 
 
 wool ly 
 
 
 tran quil ly ' 
 
 te na' cious ly 
 
 thor ough ly 
 
 
 sim i iar ly 
 LESSON 14. 
 
 ty ran' nic al ly 
 
 rig id ly 
 
 
 gra cious ly 
 
 hy^p'ocrit'ically 
 
 phys ic al ly 
 
 
 fi nal ly 
 
 par tial ly 
 
 ghast ly 
 
 
 gen er al ly 
 
 ghost ly 
 
 gram mat ic al 
 
 h 
 
 hy ster'ic al ly 
 
 for mal ly 
 
 pub lie ly 
 
 
 hur ried ly 
 
 fa mil iar ly 
 
 di ag' nal ly 
 
 
 dex ter ous ly 
 
 ar ti fi cial ly 
 
 e ven tu al ly 
 
 
 in ter nal ly 
 
 nat u ral ly 
 
 Ion gi tu'di nal 
 
 ly 
 
 mu tu al ly 
 
 hor i zon tal'ly 
 
 i den tic al ly 
 
 
 col lo' qui al ly 
 
 drunk en ness 
 
 o pen ness 
 
 • 
 
 thin ness 
 
 sul len ness 
 
 
 LESSON 15.-Rule 
 
 V. 
 
 mere ly 
 
 
 pale-ness 
 
 safe ty 
 
 se rene ly 
 
 
 en tire ly 
 
 ex treme ly 
 
 ar range ment 
 
 
 love ly 
 
 lone ly 
 
 lone some 
 
 
 like ly 
 
 def i nite ly 
 
 State the rule as applied above, — ^^ Final silent e is 
 retained before a suffix beginning with a consonant^ 
 Final silent e is dropped only before a suf&x beginning 
 with a vowel, Rule II. Observe further : 
 
14 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 15 (Continued). 
 
 im me di ate ly 
 pro por tion ate ly 
 clan dgs'tlne ly 
 com par a tive ly 
 
 de range ment sep a rate ly 
 
 se rene ly ag gran'dize ment 
 
 ap pro pri ate ness con else ness 
 
 sin cere ly base ness 
 
 EXCEPTION 1. 
 
 tru ly = true + ly 
 
 du ly = due -f ly 
 
 aw f ul = awe + f ul 
 
 ar gu ment = argue + ment 
 
 State the exception observed above, — ^^Final e pre- 
 ceded hy a vowel is dropped in the above words before a 
 suffix beginning with a consonant,''^ 
 
 LESSON 16. -Review. 
 
 cru el ly 
 
 keen ness 
 
 lone ly 
 
 mere ly 
 
 sim i lar ly 
 
 al ge bra ic al ly 
 
 ar gu ment 
 
 mean ness 
 
 for mal ly 
 
 plain ness 
 
 ac ci den tal ly 
 
 drunk en ness 
 
 du ly 
 
 ar range ment 
 
 per pen die u lar ly def i nite ly 
 
 safe ty 
 
 tru ly 
 
 love ly 
 
 live ly 
 
 gram mat ic al ly 
 
 for lorn ness 
 
 for mer ly 
 
 stub born ness 
 
 reg u lar ly 
 
 ar gu men ta tive S-w f ul 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 15 
 
 im me di ate ly 
 com par a tive ly 
 sep a rate ly 
 ac tu al ly 
 e lope ment 
 life less ness 
 
 LESSON 16 (Continued). 
 
 chron o log ic al ly 
 ag gran dize ment 
 oc ca sion al ly 
 ap par ent ly 
 en tire ly 
 sole ly 
 
 real ly 
 
 in ci den tal ly 
 o rig i nal ly 
 de fense less 
 meas ure ment 
 clan des tine ly 
 
 bus y 
 eas y 
 speed y 
 
 LESSON 17.~Rule VI. 
 
 bus i ly 
 eas i ly 
 speed i ly 
 
 clean ly 
 like ly 
 friend ly 
 
 clean' li ness 
 like li hood 
 friend li ness 
 
 State the rule as applied above, — " Final y preceded 
 hy a consonant is changed into i before a suffix,^^ 
 
 bus i ness 
 lone li ness 
 em bod i ment 
 ho li est 
 hap pi ly 
 gid di er 
 hap pi er 
 craf ti ness 
 fan ci f ul 
 
 CO zi ly 
 
 heav i ly 
 
 ac com pa ni ment 
 
 la dies 
 
 bus i er 
 
 a bil i ties 
 
 stud ies 
 
 read i ly 
 
 read i ness 
 
 love li ness 
 or di na ri ly 
 pit i ful 
 dai sies 
 gid di ly 
 has ti ly 
 greed i er 
 live li ness 
 jol li ty 
 
16 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SBELLEB. 
 
 LESSON 17 (Continued). 
 
 EXCEPTION 1. 
 
 car'rj^ Ing stud y'lng hur'rjr Ing 
 
 ber'ry Ing fan' c^ Ing re ply' Ing 
 
 State the exception observed above, — " Final j before 
 a suffix beginning with i is retained to prevent the doub- 
 ling of the i." 
 
 LESSON 18.-Rule VII. 
 al most = all + most al ready = all -|- ready 
 
 al though = all + though al ways = all + ways 
 
 skill f ul = skill + full . use f ul = use + full 
 
 ful fill = full + fill also ful fil aw f ul = awe + full 
 
 State the rule as applied above, — "J. prefix or suffix 
 ending in 11 generally drops one 1 in derivative wordsJ*^ 
 
 use ful ness 
 
 fan ci ful 
 
 el bow 
 
 skill ful ness 
 
 un til 
 
 wel come 
 
 with al 
 
 al be'It 
 
 wel fare 
 
 al to geth er 
 
 ful fill ment or 
 ful fil ment 
 
 beau ti ful 
 
 aw ful ness 
 
 fan ci ful ness 
 
 dis re spect ful 
 
 scorn ful 
 
 re spect ful 
 
 respectfulness 
 
 dis tress ful 
 
 sue cess ful 
 
 un sue cess ful 
 
 wo ful or woe ful 
 
 dis re spect ful ness 
 
 joy ful 
 
 fear ful 
 
 mer ci ful 
 
 plen ti ful 
 
 hope ful 
 
 health ful 
 
 health ful ness 
 
 un health ful 
 
 truth ful 
 
 help ful 
 
 help ful ness 
 
 faith ful 
 
 faith ful ness 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 17 
 
 LESSON 19. -Rule VIII. 
 
 Not appear 
 
 dis ap pear = dis -f ap pear 
 
 Not approve 
 
 dis ap prove = dis + ap prove 
 
 Not appoint 
 
 dis ap point = dis + ap point 
 
 Wrongly appropriated 
 
 mis ap pro pri at ed = mis + ap pro pri at ed 
 
 Wrongly understand 
 
 mis uu der stand = mis + un der stand 
 
 Wrongly apply 
 
 mis ap ply = mis + ap ply 
 
 State the rule applied above, — " The prefixe8 dis and 
 mis do not double the final s before a root^ If the root 
 begins with s Rule IV. applies. 
 
 dis a gree dis ap pear ance dis as ter 
 
 dis burse ment dis crim i na tion dis o bey 
 
 dis as trous dis o be di ence dis cr6p' an cy 
 
 mis ap pre hend mis ed u cate 
 
 dis arm dis solve 
 
 dis' so nance dis heart en 
 
 dis hon est dis hon or 
 
 dis persed dis bursed 
 
 dis sec tion dis sem i nate 
 
 dis sen sion dis si pate 
 
 mis hap' mis spell 
 
 mis guide mis take 
 
 mis cal cu late mis state 
 
 dis sem bier mls'chie vous 
 
 mis con'strue mis de mean' or 
 
 mis em ploy 
 dis sim u la tion 
 dis in feet ant 
 dis hon or a bly 
 dis re spect ful 
 dis sent 
 dis suad'ing 
 mis judge 
 mis call 
 dis sat is fy 
 mis chief 
 dis so lu tion 
 
18 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 
 LESSON 
 
 20. — Rule 
 
 IX. 
 
 
 oath 
 
 oaths 
 
 turn 
 
 
 turns 
 
 wag on 
 
 wag ons 
 
 return 
 
 
 re turns 
 
 clotli 
 
 cloths 
 
 em ploy 
 
 
 em ploys 
 
 spark 
 
 sparks 
 
 ab sorb 
 
 
 ab sorbs 
 
 e qual 
 
 e quals 
 
 de stroy 
 
 
 de stroys 
 
 State the general rule for forming the plural of nouns 
 and the present singular of verbs. " The plural of 
 most nouns and the present singular ^ of verbs are made 
 hy adding s to the word. 
 
 u surp 
 ax i om 
 ad here 
 an te ced ent 
 in ci dent 
 ere den tial 
 slm'l le 
 pie be'ian 
 par ti cle 
 shoul der 
 col'timn 
 wrap 
 de vel'op 
 au thor 
 whoop 
 fu gi tive 
 
 u surps 
 ax i oms 
 ad heres 
 an te ced ents 
 in ci dents 
 ere den tials 
 sIm' I les 
 pis be'ians 
 par ti cles 
 shoul ders 
 col' timns 
 wraps 
 de vel ops 
 au thors 
 whoops 
 fu gi tives 
 P4s applies to t)ie tl)ir4 
 
 di lem ma 
 ac cord' 
 ac cept 
 bu reau 
 ac ci dent 
 for tune 
 lab y rinth 
 plain tiff 
 oat 
 ta per 
 view 
 
 strat a gem 
 per form 
 bas-re lief 
 vol ume 
 con tort' 
 
 person indicative 
 
 di lem mas 
 ac cords 
 ac cepts 
 bu reaus 
 ac ci dents 
 for tunes 
 lab y rinths 
 plain tiffs 
 oats 
 ta pers 
 views 
 
 strat a gems 
 per forms 
 bas-re lief s 
 vol umes 
 con torts' 
 only. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 19 
 
 LESSON 21. -Rule X. 
 
 ax 
 
 ax es 
 
 an nex 
 
 an nex es 
 
 ap proach 
 
 ap proach es 
 
 church 
 
 church es 
 
 speech 
 
 speech es 
 
 gas 
 
 gas es 
 
 box 
 
 box es 
 
 fish 
 
 fish es 
 
 mo rass' 
 
 mo ras ses 
 
 mesh 
 
 mesh es 
 
 State the rule applied above, — " The plural of nouns 
 and the present singular of verbs are formed by adding 
 the syllable es to the word whose final sound cannot 
 coalesce with s." S will not coalesce with the sound 
 of », «A, ch^ y, X, or z. 
 
 de fense de fens es ab sence ab sen ces 
 
 priv 1 lege priv i le ges crit i cise crit i ci ses 
 
 vil lage vil la ges con se quence con se quen ces 
 
 ac com' plice ac com' pli ces glimpse glimps es 
 
 in stance in stan ces os' tra cise os' tra ci ses 
 
 LESSON 22. -Rule XI. 
 
 al ly' al lies' emp ty emp ties 
 
 cry cries coun try coun tries 
 
 sup ply sup plies mon'arch y mon'arch ies 
 
 ter ri to ry ter ri to ries the o ry the o ries 
 
 DC cu py oc cu pies en e my en e mies 
 
 State the rule applied above, — *■'■ The plural of nouns 
 and the present singular of verbs ending in j preceded by a 
 consonant are formed by changing j into i and adding es." 
 
20 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 22 (Continued). 
 
 ac ces so ry 
 di vin i ty 
 bound a ry 
 f am i ly 
 fa cil i ty 
 a nal o gy 
 as tron o my 
 psychology 
 ca pac i ty 
 col o ny 
 cen tu ry 
 can o py 
 anx i e ty 
 van i ty 
 shrub ber y 
 prod i gy 
 
 ac ces so ries 
 di vin i ties 
 bound a ries 
 fam i lies 
 fa cil i ties 
 a nal o gies 
 as tron o mies 
 psy chol o gies 
 ca pac i ties 
 col o nies 
 cen tu ries 
 can o pies 
 anx i 6 ties 
 van i ties 
 shrub ber ies 
 prod i gies 
 
 sum ma ry 
 dy'nas ty 
 €ntry 
 cru el ty 
 fal la cy 
 ar te ry 
 phys i ol o gy 
 e con o my 
 com e dy 
 col' 16 quy- 
 con tro ver sy 
 artificiality 
 a pol o gy 
 so lil'o quy 
 proph e cy 
 li bra ry 
 
 sum ma nes 
 dy'nas ties 
 en tries 
 cru el ties 
 fal la cies 
 ar te ries 
 phys i ol o gies 
 e con o mies 
 com e dies 
 col' 16 quies 
 con tro ver sies 
 artificialities 
 a pol o gies 
 so lil'o quies 
 proph e cies ^ 
 li bra ries 
 
 Note the inflection when the final ^ is preceded by 
 a vowel. 
 
 day 
 
 days 
 
 mon key 
 
 mon keys 
 
 gal ley 
 
 gal leys 
 
 al ley 
 
 al leys 
 
 jour ney 
 
 jour neys 
 
 tour ney 
 
 tour neys 
 
 State the rule as applied above, — " The plural of 
 nouns and the present singular of verbs ending in y pre- 
 ceded by a vowel are formed regularly,''' See Rule IX. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER,' 21 
 
 LESSON 23.-Rule XII. 
 
 mu lat to mu lat toes fo li o f o li os 
 
 ne gro ne groes cam e o cam e os 
 
 po ta to po ta toes or a to ri o or a to ri os 
 
 tomato tomatoes Inta^rio In ta^l'ios 
 
 State the rule applied above, — " Nouns ending in o 
 'preceded hy a consonant add es, hut preceded hy a vowel 
 add s to form the pluraV^ The language generally 
 avoids a succession of vowels. 
 
 OTHER IRREGULAR PLURALS. 
 
 fo cus fo ci nu'cl§ lis nti'clS i 
 
 phSnSm'^nSn phe n6m'§ n^ au torn' a ton an t6m'a ta 
 
 basis bases syn op'sis syn op'ses 
 
 a nal y sis a nal y s6s ax is ax es 
 
 crisis crises hy poth'e sis hj^poth'eses 
 
 ver tex ver ti ces v6r't6x vSr'tl ces 
 
 LESSON 24. -Review. 
 
 oaths 
 
 wag ons 
 
 en e mies 
 
 gas es 
 
 sparks 
 
 an nex es 
 
 u surps 
 
 speech es 
 
 coun tries 
 
 gal leys 
 
 ne groes 
 
 or a to f i os 
 
 ver ti ces 
 
 oc cu pies 
 
 mel o dies 
 
 li bra ries 
 
 ab sen ces 
 
 mo ras ses 
 
 cloths 
 
 re turns 
 
 ap proach es 
 
 in stan ces 
 
 a nal o gies 
 
 po ta toes 
 
 to ma toes 
 
 al leys 
 
 al lies' 
 
22 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 (LESSON 24 Continued). 
 
 a nal y ses 
 ab sorbs 
 ne ces si tates 
 llq'ue fles 
 guar' an ties 
 phe nom'e non 
 ax es 
 vil la ges 
 col lo quies 
 aux il ia ries 
 ci vil i ties 
 
 be stows 
 de vel ops 
 
 va ries 
 mel o dies 
 ni ce ties 
 phe nom e na 
 syn op ses 
 box es 
 
 so lil o quies 
 Al le gha nies 
 
 01 i gar chies 
 
 em ploys 
 wraps 
 
 mo nop o lies 
 shrub ber ies 
 rob ber ies 
 he roes 
 priv i le ges 
 chur ches 
 cen tu ries 
 ju ries 
 anx i e ties 
 
 LESSON 25. 
 
 Bene = well, Facere = to do. 
 
 Well does one who 
 
 ben e f ac tor = ben e + fact + or 
 
 Well doing act of 
 
 ben e fac tion = ben e + fact + ion 
 
 Well does one who 
 
 ben'e fit er = ben e + fit 
 
 ben e fit ing 
 be nef'i cent 
 ben e fice 
 
 ben e fit ed 
 be nev o lent 
 be nev o lence 
 
 + er 
 
 ben e fi cial 
 ben e fi ci ar y 
 ben e die tion 
 
 What vowel is in the second syllable o£ all derivative 
 words with the prefix bene ? 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 23 
 
 LESSON 25 (Continued). 
 The prefix de =. down. 
 Down to write 
 
 de scribe = de -f- scribe (seribere = to write) 
 
 Down writing act of 
 
 de scrip tion = de + script + ion 
 
 Do\ra to build 
 
 de stroy = de + stroy (struere = to build) 
 
 Down building having the quality 
 
 de struc tive = de + struct + ive 
 
 What is the vowel of the first syllable of the derivar 
 tive words given above ? Why ? 
 
 End having 
 
 fi nite = fin -|- ite {finis = end) 
 
 Down to end having 
 
 def i nite = de -|- fin + ite (finire = to end) 
 
 in fin i tive de fin i tive def i ni tion 
 
 in fin i ty af fin i ty def i nite ness . 
 
 What is the vowel of the penult and antepenult of 
 the derivative words above ? Why ? 
 
 Down to hang 
 
 de pend = de + pend (pendere = to hang) 
 
 Down hang ing 
 
 de pend ent = de+pend+ent 
 
 Down to climb 
 
 de scend = de + scend (seandere = to climb) 
 
 Down climbs ing 
 
 de scend ant (adj.) = de -f scend + ant 
 
 • Down climbs • one who 
 
 de seen dant (noun) = de + scend + ant 
 
 Down climbing act of 
 
 de seen sion = de + scens + ion 
 
24 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 de gen er ate 
 de scrip tion 
 de scent 
 de clen sion 
 de fense less 
 in de pend ent 
 de lin quen cy 
 d6v as ta' tion 
 de pos it 
 de fraud 
 de nun ci a' tion 
 
 LESSON 26. 
 
 be nev o lent 
 ben e fit ing 
 ben 6 fitted 
 de fens es 
 de seen sion 
 in de pend ence 
 dem' on stra ting 
 de vel op 
 de fi cien cy 
 de ter mine 
 in de fin' a ble 
 
 deg ra da tion 
 de stroy ing 
 de struc tive 
 de fend ant 
 def i nite 
 de pend ent 
 de te' ri o' rate 
 de vel op ment 
 def i ni tion 
 de ceased 
 in def i nite 
 
 LESSON 27, 
 
 WORDS RELATING TO MATHEMATICS. 
 
 'com pie ment 
 
 com pie men ta r y 
 per pen die u lar 
 
 Completes that which 
 
 comple + ment (complere = to fill out) 
 
 having the quality 
 
 complement 4-ary 
 
 ver ti cal ho mol'o gotls 
 
 par al lei straight 
 
 trap's zoid tr^ pe'zl tim 
 
 e qual e quals 
 
 Supplies that which 
 
 = supple + ment (supplere = to fill up) 
 
 Supplement having the quality 
 
 sup pie men'ta ry = supplement + ary 
 
 rhom bus hf p6t'S nase dl vis'i ble 
 
 prin ci pie rule ad e quate 
 
 per pen die u lar ly 
 I sSs'cS les 
 e qui lat er al 
 
 sup pie ment. 
 
At)VANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 25 
 
 ho m6 ge'nS otis 
 al g^ bra'Ic al ly 
 bal anced 
 con tig'u Otis 
 di am'e ter 
 the' 6 r6m 
 bi sec tor 
 ad di tion 
 di men sion 
 e qua tion 
 for tj 
 
 LESSON 27 (Continued). 
 
 het er o ge'n^ otis 
 
 an a lyze 
 
 cir cum fer ence 
 
 con tl gu'i tf 
 
 dif fer ence 
 
 there fore 
 
 par al leled 
 
 al ge bra'Ic 
 
 eighth 
 
 e quiv a lent 
 
 four 
 
 sim i lar 
 
 ex pla na tion 
 
 CO 6f fi'cient 
 
 dem' on stra ting 
 
 in te ger 
 
 ther mom e ter 
 
 pa pgn'thS sis 
 
 an gle 
 
 e lim i nate 
 
 f ac tor 
 
 fourth 
 
 hor i zon tal 
 lon'gi tude 
 men su ra'tion 
 naught 
 pyr a mid 
 re suit ant 
 seg ment 
 sym bol 
 ul te ri or 
 vol ume 
 bi no mi al 
 depth 
 
 LESSON 28. 
 
 MATHEMATICS (Continued). 
 
 in'di ces in'te gral 
 
 longi tu'dinally 
 mil li me ter 
 plane 
 
 quan ti ty 
 
 sea lene 
 
 sta tion a ry 
 
 two 
 
 in te ri or 
 
 pro por tion al ly 
 
 chord 
 
 e qui an gu lar 
 
 math e mat ics 
 
 mul ti pie 
 
 pol y gon 
 
 quo tient 
 
 scales 
 
 sub trac tion 
 
 twelfth 
 
 va ry ing 
 
 a cute 
 
 cyl in der 
 
 par al lel'ogram 
 
26 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 WORDS 
 ab sorb 
 ad a mant 
 ad hered 
 al bu'men 
 al ka line 
 a nal o gy 
 an a lyzed 
 ap er ture 
 at mos phere 
 beak er 
 o dor 
 
 buoy an cy 
 cap il lar'i ty 
 cen ti grade 
 chem is try 
 CO here 
 crys tal lize 
 due til i ty 
 
 LESSON 29. 
 
 RELATING TO THE 
 ab sorbs 
 ad her ence 
 ad he sive 
 al CO hoi 
 am mo ni a 
 a nal o gous 
 a nat o my 
 ap pa ra'tus 
 a voir du pois 
 bl tti'mgn 
 par af fin 
 buoy ant 
 cap sules 
 cen ti me ter 
 chlo ride 
 com pres si ble 
 de o dor ize 
 ef fer vesce 
 
 SCIENCES, 
 a ce'tic 
 ad here 
 a e'ri al 
 al i men'ta ry 
 an a6s thet'ic 
 an a lyze 
 an ti sep tic 
 ar se nic 
 bal loon 
 blu ish 
 e soph a gus 
 cap'il la ry 
 car bon ate 
 chlo ro form 
 cha 6s 
 crys tal 
 due tile 
 ef fer ves cent 
 
 LESSON 30. 
 
 SCIENCES (Continued). 
 e lee tr6l'y sis el e ment 
 
 es sence 
 fll'a ments 
 fo li age 
 hab'I tat 
 ker o sene 
 
 es sen tial 
 
 fil trate - 
 
 freeze 
 
 hy dro chlo'ric 
 
 lar va 
 
 e qui lib' ri um 
 e the'rg al 
 flex i ble 
 f til' crtim 
 In'su late 
 lar vae 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 27 
 
 lab' 6 ra t6 ry 
 mal le a ble 
 me di a 
 mus cle 
 ox y gen 
 par a site 
 phos'pho rus 
 prop a ga tion 
 sol 11 ble 
 sul phur 
 va por 
 ves sel 
 
 LESSON 30 (Continued), 
 li que fy 
 mal le a bil' i ty 
 met al 
 mus cu lar 
 ow let 
 par a sit ic 
 pith ball 
 rar e fy 
 spig ot 
 tar tar 
 ver te brate 
 zinc 
 
 lit mus 
 mam mal 
 me tar lie 
 os'cil late 
 or i gin 
 pes tie 
 prop a gate 
 re cep ta cle 
 sul phate 
 test tube 
 vol a tile 
 CO lie sion 
 
 LESSON 31 . 
 
 WORDS RELATING TO THE LANGUAGES. 
 
 ac CU sa tive al lifer a'tion 
 
 gram mat ic al pos ses sive 
 
 an te ced ent an te pe nult 
 
 aux il ia ry ba thos 
 
 con so nant co-or di nate 
 
 ex' pie tive fem i nine 
 
 ab la tive 
 gram mar 
 af firm a tive 
 ap pos i tive 
 com par a tive 
 de clen sion 
 gen'i tive 
 im per a tive 
 met a phor 
 nom i na tive 
 o n6m' a tope 
 pas sive 
 rhyme 
 
 ge riin'dlve 
 Lat in ism 
 me ton y my 
 ob so lete 
 on'omat'opoe'ia 
 par ti tive 
 rhythm 
 
 hor'ta to ry 
 mas cu line 
 nar ra tive 
 ob'li ga to ry 
 on'o mat' o po 6t'ic 
 plu per feet 
 sen tence 
 
28 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 sub or di nate 
 syn o nym 
 syn op sis 
 pen tam'e ter 
 trim e ter 
 voc a tive 
 cop u la 
 in ter jec tion 
 
 LESSON 31 (Continued), 
 syl la ble 
 syn on'y mous 
 tau tol o gy 
 tran si tive 
 tro cha ic 
 ad ver sa tive 
 diph thong 
 neu ter 
 
 sjr n6c'd6 ek^ 
 syn the sis 
 te trSm'e ter 
 tran si tion al 
 tro ekee 
 fig ur a tive 
 hy pgr'bo 1$ 
 sim'l 1$' 
 
 LESSON 32. 
 
 WORDS RELATING TO HISTORY. 
 
 ac ces sion 
 Al ci bi'a des 
 A mer i can 
 an ni'hi la' tion 
 ar chi tec ture 
 Ar'is tot le 
 Ar yan 
 As syr'i an 
 at tack 
 au'gti ry 
 be sie ging 
 Brit ons 
 Can a da 
 cav al ry 
 civ i li za tion 
 Chris tian 
 colo nel 
 con fed er a cy 
 
 aide-de-camp 
 
 am mu ni tion 
 
 al lies' 
 
 an tag o nism 
 
 ar chi tec tu ral 
 
 Ar'is to te'li an 
 
 as sas si nate 
 
 A the ni an 
 
 at tack er 
 
 Bab y lo ni an 
 
 siege 
 
 Brit ish 
 
 Cat i line 
 
 cen tu ri on 
 
 Qh6v' a lier' 
 
 cit a del 
 
 col umn 
 
 con spir a tor 
 
 Al ex an dri a 
 an ni hi la ted 
 al lied 
 ar cha'ic 
 Ar is ti'des 
 Ar thur 
 
 as sas si na tion 
 As to lat 
 Au gus'tan 
 bel lig'er ent 
 Beth le hem 
 Brit ta ny 
 Can ca'sian 
 cen tral i za tion 
 chro nol o gy 
 CO los sal 
 cSm'man dant^ 
 Cos sacks 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 29 
 
 cu ng'i form 
 
 de moc ra cy 
 
 Dis sent er 
 
 Egypt 
 
 Ep i cu re an 
 
 ex pe di tion 
 
 for eign 
 
 gov em or 
 
 Gre cian 
 
 He'ra 
 
 i dol a try 
 
 in de pend ence 
 
 Jap a nese 
 
 Ma cau lay 
 
 ma neu ver 
 
 mas sa cred 
 
 mo nar'chic al 
 
 op pres sion 
 
 LESSON 33. 
 
 HISTORY (Continued). 
 Del a ware 
 de pend en cy 
 ec cle si as tic al 
 E liz'abetVan 
 E thi o'pi an 
 fam ine 
 for eign er 
 Graeco-Persian 
 Greece 
 Her cu les 
 in au gu ra tion 
 Is ra el 
 lieu ten ant 
 Ma -^i a vel' ian 
 Mar a thon 
 Med i ter ra'ne an 
 Mo sa ic 
 or a cle 
 
 del e gate 
 di plo'ma cy 
 ed i fice 
 Eng lish 
 e vac u a tion 
 feu dal 
 fu gi tive 
 Great Brit ain 
 gulYlo tine 
 hi'er o glyph'ics 
 im pe ri al 
 Is ra el ites 
 loy al ty 
 Ma nil a 
 mar tial 
 Mem phis 
 lym pi an 
 pa py'rtls 
 
 Par a dise 
 Par'thS n5n 
 Phil'ip pines 
 pon tif'i cate 
 PrSt'es tant 
 
 LESSON 34. 
 
 HISTORY {Continued). 
 
 Par'lla ment 
 peas ant 
 pie be ians 
 Por'tu guese 
 Pu ri tan ism 
 
 Pha'ra oh 
 Pel o pon ne sian 
 'p6Vf the ism 
 Psy che 
 quaes tor 
 
30 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 34 (Continued) 
 Ram e ses re bel lion 
 
 rep re sent a tives sac ri le gious 
 
 seep ter 
 
 sen ti nel 
 
 Sol o mon 
 
 steppe 
 
 su'ze rain ty 
 
 Tes ta ment 
 
 Ther mop'y lae 
 
 Tro jan 
 
 un con quer a ble 
 
 se ces sionT 
 ser geant 
 sov er eign 
 St. Peters burg 
 Syr a cnse 
 The bans 
 The' sens 
 troops 
 pre rSg'a tive 
 
 E,e nais sance 
 
 sar coph'a gus 
 
 S6m' ites 
 
 Sic i ly 
 
 sphinx 
 
 su prgm'a cy 
 
 tgn'ets 
 
 The mis' to cles 
 
 tour na ment 
 
 in vin ci ble 
 
 war ri or 
 
 dis as ter 
 Ian guor 
 re f rac to ry 
 cap tain 
 re sent ment 
 strat e gy 
 im pu dent 
 gran' detir 
 pal li a tion 
 cer tain 
 sus tain 
 choose 
 deal 
 their 
 
 LESSON 35. 
 
 en sconced 
 im mi nence 
 ex hort 
 vil lain 
 strat a gem 
 stra te'gic 
 vul ner a ble 
 pal li ate 
 own 
 
 com'pe tent 
 ad vice 
 chose 
 dealt 
 per haps 
 
 en hanced 
 tract 
 
 ex hor ta tion 
 vil lain y 
 tran sient 
 per verse 
 con cealed 
 o di ous 
 own er 
 cru el ty 
 en tice 
 cho sen 
 death 
 guilt 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 31 
 
 hes'i tan cy 
 sup ply 
 en dure 
 in tel lect 
 el o quent 
 sus pense 
 pre pare 
 
 LESSON 35 (Continued). 
 wrath 
 sup ply ing 
 en dur ing 
 in tel lee tu al 
 im mense 
 sep a rate 
 prep a ra tion 
 
 al lot ment 
 sup plied 
 al lowed 
 in tel li gent 
 en no ble 
 sep a ra tion 
 re sour ces 
 
 LESSON 36. 
 
 to geth er 
 mo nar chic al 
 per se ver ance 
 flour ish ing 
 tern' per a ment 
 sym' me try 
 By ron 
 sur prised 
 oc cur rence 
 ad dicf ed 
 hu mor 
 tac i tur ni ty 
 con sci en tious 
 con scions ness 
 far thest 
 shep herd 
 re peat 
 in ter est 
 
 reign 
 re scind 
 rep u ta tion 
 ser vant 
 phi los o pher 
 sym met' ric al 
 so lie it or 
 sus pi cious 
 ir re sist i ble 
 im' pe tus 
 rep' a ra ble 
 ve rac i ty 
 con sci en tious 
 vil lage 
 char i ty 
 ex hort 
 rep e ti tion 
 ex ist ence 
 
 reigned 
 
 su per sti tious 
 brav er 
 priv i lege 
 ob sta cle 
 cloud ed 
 ad ap ta tion 
 sane tu a ry 
 en light en ment 
 di dac tic 
 o be di ence 
 con science 
 ness con scions 
 
 right eous ness 
 char i ta ble 
 ex hor ta tion 
 ab bre vi ate 
 uec es sa ry 
 
32 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 36 (Continued). 
 coun cil sole (only) soul (spirit) 
 
 pro fess pro fes sion e lu sive 
 
 dif fu sion hon or hon or a ble 
 
 dis hon or a ble os ten ta'tious de vel op 
 
 syn o nym 
 
 Job 
 
 el i gi ble 
 
 Ma chi a vel ian 
 
 phys ic al 
 
 mor als 
 
 speech es 
 
 at ten u a ted 
 
 in gen ious 
 
 nar rat ing 
 
 too 
 
 du el 
 
 por ce lain 
 
 af feet ed 
 
 sus te nance 
 
 sa li' va 
 
 ath lete 
 
 cus torn er 
 
 o pin ion 
 
 com mend a ble 
 
 ut ter 
 
 borne 
 
 LESSON 37. 
 syn on y mous 
 Wednes day 
 strength 
 phys ic 
 in ev' i ta ble 
 mo ral i ty 
 ex trav a gant 
 in gen u ous 
 ag' gre gate 
 nar ra tive 
 pe nal 
 
 con tempt i ble 
 fil a ment 
 qui es cent 
 spe cies 
 in ci dents 
 ath let ic 
 o mis sion 
 phy si cian 
 pre dom i nant 
 pac i fied 
 al to geth er 
 
 Tues day 
 
 per sist ent 
 
 su per cil'i ous 
 
 phys ics 
 
 in dis' pu ta ble 
 
 speech 
 
 ex trav a gance 
 
 crit i cise 
 
 nar rate 
 
 neg' li gence 
 
 pen al ty 
 
 un less 
 
 ef feet ed 
 
 lat er al 
 
 sieve 
 
 in Stan ces 
 
 mu si cian 
 
 in no cent 
 
 oc ca sion 
 
 led 
 
 Bel gi ans 
 
 com mit tee 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 33 
 
 LESSON 37 (Continued), 
 prep a ra tion pre par' a to ry 
 
 there 
 
 pre cip'i tate 
 ab sence 
 per cep ti ble 
 st6 re Sp'ti con 
 bar ris ter 
 pros e cute 
 
 poi son 
 
 tern per a ture 
 ab sen ces 
 fur ther 
 vis i ble 
 del e gate 
 per se cute 
 
 lus trous 
 poi son ous 
 lu mi nous 
 by dro gen 
 st6 re o type 
 in vis i ble 
 sou ve nir 
 psy' chic 
 
 LESSON 38.— Dictation Exercise. 
 
 AN INCIDENT. 
 
 An incident occurred at the siege of a village in China, 
 which illustrates how a particularly exasperating disap- 
 pointment may truly prove a benefit. 
 
 Fascinated by the description of a soldier's existence, and 
 hoping to be transferred to active service, William Smith 
 had enlisted in the regular army. Two years of military 
 life had developed and benefited him, although it had not 
 procured for him the fame for which he had been plan- 
 ning and which he was determined on winning. 
 
 It befell, once, that Sergeant Smith, owing to his having 
 been accidentally shot in the ankle, was left behind in 
 camp. He was beginning to believe that the wound would 
 not receive proper attention. Until he was shot he had 
 been hurrying forward, stopping always with reluctance, 
 and summoning all his will power to aid in subduing and 
 
34 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 38 (Continued). 
 controlling his not easily tamable impetuosity. Now he 
 was sulking in his tent, studying a map showing the prin- 
 cipal villages of the province, and wishing he had not been 
 separated from his comrades. 
 
 ^'Whsd, principle did the Captain act on?" he said crossly 
 to himself. " I am not hlamahle. I offered to go. It is 
 not a privilege to stay here. I am not benefiting by it. 
 Did I dissatisfy him ? Does he disapprove, too, of me ? 
 What could impel him ? I dissent from the order." 
 
 He seized his rifle and left the camp. It was noticeable 
 that in doing this he committed a grave breach of discipline 
 for which an acquittal would be difficult. 
 
 He had not gone far, and already was almost faint with 
 pain, when he was startled by the appearance of some- 
 thing shiny. 
 
 " Spears," he whispered. Concealing himself, he watched 
 them disappear in the woods. When they reappeared, he 
 arose suddenly, fired his rifle, and rushed upon them. The 
 Boxers threw away their weapons and fled tumultuously. 
 
 Smith was first reprimanded for his breach of discipline, 
 and then, although he had disobeyed orders, was regularly 
 appointed first a lieutenant and afterwards a captain. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 35 
 
 LESSON 39. 
 
 Observe the sound of s in the last syllable of the 
 following words : — 
 
 de 111 §ion col Iti §ion 
 
 il Iti §ion oc ca §ion 
 
 e lu gion de ri gion 
 
 • dif fu §ion ex clti §ion 
 
 de ci gion 
 pre ci gion 
 re vi gion 
 col li gion 
 
 The syllable sion in the above words is pronounced 
 zhun. Observe the sound of 8 in the last syllable of 
 the following words : — 
 
 ver sion 
 ex cur sion 
 con ver sion 
 dis per sion 
 im mer sion 
 
 e mer sion 
 in ver sion 
 as per sion 
 re ver sion 
 di ver sion 
 
 sub mer sion 
 sub ver sion 
 in cur sion 
 ex pul sion 
 o mis sion 
 
 The termination sion in the above words is pro- 
 nounced shun. What is the difference between the 
 two sets of words? State the rule for the pronuncia- 
 tion of the termination sion. 
 
 The termination sion immediately preceded by an 
 accented vowel is pronounced zhun ; the termination 
 sion immediately preceded by a consonant of an accented 
 syllable is pronounced shun. 
 
 -« 
 
S6 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLEB. 
 
 LESSON 39 (Continued). 
 Pronounce the following words : — 
 
 man sion 
 vi sion 
 con vul sion 
 sua sion 
 CO lie sion 
 
 con fission 
 as cen sion 
 con tu sion 
 ex cur sion 
 ex plo sion 
 
 ver sion 
 con ver sion 
 dis per sion 
 as per sion 
 in ver sion 
 
 LESSON 40. 
 Observe the sound of g in the following words : 
 
 writ mg (not wri 
 
 [tin) watch ing 
 
 sing mg 
 
 some thing 
 
 com ing 
 
 pud ding 
 
 seek ing 
 
 help ing 
 
 going 
 
 be gin ning 
 
 judg ing 
 
 not ing 
 
 fight ing 
 
 e ven ing 
 
 see ing 
 
 giv ing 
 
 say ing 
 
 draw ing 
 
 The dropping of the ^ is a sign of an uneducated 
 person. Sound the t in the following words : — 
 
 kept (not kep) 
 
 cor rect 
 
 acts 
 
 just 
 
 ob ject 
 
 de feet' - 
 
 per feet 
 
 ex cept 
 
 ab stract 
 
 crept 
 
 prod uct 
 
 ac cept' 
 
 dl reef 
 
 past 
 
 just as 
 
 Distinct enunciation is a sign of an educated person. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 87 
 
 LESSON 41. 
 
 Observe the sound of u in the following words : — 
 
 duty 
 
 al lude 
 
 de lude 
 
 stu pen dous 
 
 6 Itide 
 
 news (ntiz) 
 
 il In sion 
 
 lute 
 
 re duced 
 
 e M sion 
 
 stu pid 
 
 in dtice 
 
 lu di crous 
 
 il lude 
 
 av'e nue 
 
 The pronunciation of duti/ as dooti/, and stupid as 
 stoopid, is a sign of an uneducated person. Pronounce 
 aloud the following words : — 
 
 ad duce' 
 
 tune 
 
 con stime 
 
 a new' 
 
 de lu' sion 
 
 con elude 
 
 il lu sive (not ziv) 
 
 ap ti tude 
 
 con clu sive (not ziv) 
 
 cu'li na ry 
 
 im por tune 
 
 in tti'i tive 
 
 jti've nlle 
 
 Ju'pi ter 
 
 Lti cy 
 
 lu cid 
 
 Lu ther 
 
 luke'warm 
 
 lu ore 
 
 plume 
 
 pre elude 
 
 prg'lude 
 
 pro duce 
 
 res lute 
 
 res lu tion 
 
 re sume 
 
 slew (slti) 
 
 so lu tion 
 
 stu dent 
 
 sub due 
 
 tube 
 
 duty 
 
 stu pid 
 
 LESSON 42. 
 
 Observe the sound of th in the following words : — 
 
 moths wreaths cloths baths 
 
 mouths laths paths oaths 
 
 with (prep.) beneath booth be queath 
 
38 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 42 (Continued). 
 In the above words th is sounded, not aspirated, 
 Sound the h in the following words : — 
 
 wharf 
 
 whale 
 
 where 
 
 Whig 
 
 whence 
 
 whip 
 
 whi ther 
 
 where as 
 
 when 
 
 which 
 
 whet 
 
 whiff 
 
 whirl 
 
 whit tie 
 
 what 
 
 why 
 
 where fore 
 
 wheel 
 
 whim 
 
 whisk 
 
 whiz 
 
 whe ther 
 
 while 
 
 where with 
 
 whey 
 
 whine 
 
 whis tie 
 
 whorl 
 
 Observe the sound of a in the following words 
 
 half 
 
 calf 
 
 palm 
 
 alms 
 
 calm 
 
 psalm 
 
 saZve 
 
 haZve 
 
 aZ mend 
 
 dra ma 
 
 gape 
 
 balm 
 
 can't 
 
 sha'n't 
 
 past aunt (not ant) down (ao) 
 
 ask launch 
 
 grass staunch 
 
 dance laun dry 
 
 glass laugh 
 
 com mand daunt 
 
 cast haunch 
 
 fast jaunt 
 
 con trast' (v.) haunt 
 
 gasp taunt 
 
 last laun der 
 
 mask laun dress 
 
 mast gaunt 
 
 path gaunt let 
 
 In pronouncing a and a the mouth should be open 
 wide enough to insert two fingers. Read aloud the 
 following : — 
 
 town 
 ground 
 found 
 a round 
 how 
 crowd 
 sound 
 now 
 bound 
 al low 
 cow 
 house 
 . hound 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 39 
 
 LESSON 42 (Continued). 
 
 What whim led White Whitney to whittle, whistle, 
 whisper and whimper near the wharf where a floundering 
 whale might wheel and whirl? 
 
 At half past two the crowd wheeled down town and 
 then around the Capitol grounds. 
 
 LESSON 43. 
 
 Observe the accent in the following words r — 
 
 en tire' mis con'strue spe'cial ty 
 
 im'pi ous pas' tor al 
 
 pre cSd'ence cas'u al ty 
 
 pgr'emp to ry dgf'i cit 
 
 re cess' de feet' 
 
 ir rev'o ca ble des'pi ca ble 
 
 lam' en ta ble com' pa ra ble 
 
 a dult' al ly' (n. and v.) 
 
 i de'a 
 in qui'ry 
 es tate' 
 dis course' 
 mu se'um 
 in dis'pu ta ble 
 in com' pa ra ble 
 ad' mi ra ble 
 va ga'ry 
 a cu'men 
 bi'cy cle 
 ag'ri cul'ture 
 com' pen sate 
 ir rgp'a ra ble 
 gon' do la 
 the' a ter 
 
 ad dress' (n. and V.) ab'ject 
 a' li as ac cli'mate 
 
 Ar'is to te'li an 
 leg' is la ture 
 
 fl nance' 
 dem'on strate 
 ob'se quies 
 con do'lence 
 rev'o ca ble 
 
 con'dt^lt 
 
 preface (n. and v.) 
 
 op po'nent 
 
 l6g' ate 
 
 stra te'gic 
 
 qui' nine 
 
 ex'quis ite 
 
40 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 
 LESSON 44. 
 
 Words often mi 
 
 Lspronounced : — 
 
 to (not tti) 
 
 Di og'ra phy 
 
 do 
 
 sa tir' ic al 
 
 for (not fur) 
 
 Ire' land 
 
 at all (not a tall) 
 
 rrish 
 
 de vel op them (not develop 'm)oy s' ter (not oish ter) 
 both of them 
 au'thor (not a ther) 
 
 to' ward (to'erd) 
 
 daugh'ter (not da ter) 
 
 slaugh' ter 
 
 col'timn 
 
 na'ti&re 
 
 lit'er a ture 
 
 a6s thet'lc 
 
 con splr'a cy 
 
 e qua'tion (shun) 
 
 Feb ru a ry (not Feb u) 
 
 his' to ry (not histry) 
 
 s6c're ta ry (not secertary) 
 
 6f'^en (not teri) 
 
 drowned (not drownded) 
 
 what (not wut) 
 
 au^ il'iar y (not auxilery) 
 
 bou quet' (not bo) 
 
 Par'llci ment 
 
 rec'og nize 
 
 gov'ern ment (sound v) 
 
 at tacked' (not attacted) 
 
 li'bra ry (not li ba ry) 
 
 per form' (not pre form) 
 
 per haps' 
 
 per'spi ra tion (not pres) 
 
 chim'ney (not chim ley) 
 
 lab' 6 ra to ry 
 
 ge og'ra phy (not jog) 
 
 a rlth'me tic (not rith) 
 
 yeast (not east) 
 
 thought (not th6t) 
 
 sSf'^en 
 
 ath let'ics (not atheletics) 
 
 wa§ (not w1i§) 
 
 ap pa ra'tus 
 
 cour'te ous 
 
RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 41 
 
 LESSON 45. 
 
 Words often mispronounced (continued^ : — 
 
 bi'cy cle 
 
 hoist (not hist) 
 
 mgas'ure (not ma'sure) 
 
 heai-th (not herth) 
 
 hei nous (ha' nous) 
 
 pretty (prit ty) 
 
 d6af (not def) 
 
 dSn'key (not diin) 
 
 rath er 
 
 sSlI mon 
 
 Cau ca'sian (shan not zhan) 
 
 squa'lor 
 
 far (not fur) 
 
 frSm (not f rum) 
 
 ggn'u Ine 
 
 a gain (a g6n not 
 
 tfny 
 
 hoof (not hoof) 
 
 roof (not roof) 
 
 rgp'tlle 
 
 an' swer 
 
 faZ'con 
 
 Pal es tine 
 
 bron chi'tis 
 
 a gan) 
 
 Cin cln na'ti (not Cincinnati!) o b6s' i ty 
 
 j6c'und 
 
 swathed 
 
 arc tic (not ar tic) 
 
 zo 6 log' ic al 
 
 po'gm (not pom) 
 
 fu'61 
 
 height (not heighth) 
 
 dis cern (diz zern) 
 
 ex traor'di na ry 
 
 be fore (not buf fore) 
 
 bg hold (not buh hold) 
 
 bS hind 
 
 Igth'ar gy 
 
 ad' a man' tine 
 
 z6 61' o gy (not zoo) 
 
 con sid er a ble 
 
 cru 61 (not crule) 
 
 be trSthed 
 
 prom'ise (not promus) 
 
 scru'pu lous 
 
 su per' flu ous 
 
 Thames (temz) 
 
 al bti'men 
 
 a d6pt' (n. and adj.) 
 
42 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 
 LESSON 
 
 4 6. -Rule 
 
 XI il. 
 
 NOM. 
 
 Poss. 
 
 NOM. 
 
 Poss. 
 
 boy 
 
 boy's 
 
 girT" 
 
 girl's 
 
 sol dier 
 
 sol dier's 
 
 cord 
 
 cord's 
 
 sleeve 
 
 sleeve's 
 
 stream 
 
 stream's 
 
 wid ow 
 
 wid ow's 
 
 % 
 
 fly's 
 
 he ro 
 
 he ro's 
 
 vol ca no 
 
 vol ca no's 
 
 crowd 
 
 crowd's 
 
 doc tor 
 
 doc tor's 
 
 har bor 
 
 har bor's 
 
 heir 
 
 heir's 
 
 State the rule for the formation of the possessive 
 singular. " The possessive singular of nouns is formed 
 hy adding an apostrophe ( ' ) and s to the singular nomi- 
 native,^' Observe further : — 
 
 8}'P sy 
 
 gyp sy's 
 
 spig ot 
 
 
 spig ot's 
 
 road 
 
 road's 
 
 mor tal 
 
 
 mor tal's 
 
 neigh bor 
 
 neigh bor's 
 
 squir rel 
 
 
 squir rel's 
 
 eel lar 
 
 « eel lar's 
 
 pup pet 
 
 
 pup pet's 
 
 suit or 
 
 suit or's 
 
 an gel 
 
 
 an gel's 
 
 ar ti cle 
 
 ar ti cle's 
 
 bur glar 
 
 
 bur glar's 
 
 
 LESSON 
 
 47. -Rule 
 
 XJV. 
 
 NOM. 
 
 Poss. 
 
 NOM. 
 
 
 Poss. 
 
 friends 
 
 friends' 
 
 mar tyrs 
 
 
 mar tyrs' 
 
 veins 
 
 veins' 
 
 liz ard 
 
 
 liz ards' 
 
 law yers 
 
 law yers' 
 
 screws 
 
 
 screws' 
 
 wiz ards 
 
 wiz ards' 
 
 mes sen gers 
 
 mes sen gers' 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 43 
 
 men's 
 worn en's 
 chil dren's 
 helms men's 
 
 LESSON 47 (Continued). 
 
 jail ers jail ers' men 
 
 nails nails' wom en 
 
 vi o lets vi o lets' chil dren 
 
 crea tures crea tures' helms men 
 
 State the rule for the formation of the plural posses- 
 sive. " The possessive of plurals ending in s is formed 
 hy adding an apostrophe only ; the possessive of plurals 
 not ending in s is formed hy adding an apostrophe and s." 
 Observe further : — 
 
 sta bles 
 
 sta bles' 
 
 stat ues 
 
 stat ues' 
 
 troughs 
 
 troughs' 
 
 tor rents 
 
 tor rents' 
 
 pas sen gers 
 
 pas sen gers' 
 
 South ern ers 
 
 South ern ers' 
 
 rai sins 
 
 rai sins* 
 
 spec ta cles 
 
 spec ta cles' 
 
 skel e tons 
 
 skel e tons' 
 
 com mand ers 
 
 com mand ers' 
 
 Brit ons 
 
 Brit ons' 
 
 crim i nals 
 
 crim i nals' 
 
 feet 
 
 feet's 
 
 teeth 
 
 teeth's 
 
 geese 
 
 geese's 
 
 mice 
 
 mice's 
 
 breth ren 
 
 breth ren's 
 
 ox en 
 
 ox en's 
 
 
 LESSON 48. 
 
 
 goodness' sake conscience' sake 
 
 Xerxes' army 
 
 Moses' seat 
 
 Peleus' son 
 
 Essex' death 
 
 For the sake of euphony the possessive of some singu- 
 lars ending in sound of s is formed by adding only an 
 apostrophe. A difference of opinion exists with regard 
 to the following : — 
 
44 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 48 (Continued). 
 Adams's Express Dickens's works 
 
 Otis's letters Jones's house 
 
 Barnes's history Burns's poems 
 
 Charles's cup James's hat 
 
 Howells's novels Holmes's works 
 
 The weight of authority is in favor of the additional « 
 whenever euphony will admit, but some reputable maga- 
 zines and newspapers use the apostrophe only. We 
 sometimes see the following : — 
 
 Adams' Express Senator Jones' bill 
 
 Otis' letters Dickens' works 
 
 Howells' novels Hopkins' law 
 
 In some singulars of one syllable ending with 8 
 euphony demands the additional «. 
 
 Miss Pross's character Squire Cass's house 
 
 Mr. Foss's store Miss Gass's hat 
 
 A common mistake is Burn's poems and Dicken's 
 novels, which means that the poems were written by 
 Burn, and the novels by Dicken. 
 
 " In all cases the apostrophe is added to the nominative 
 form." Observe further : — 
 
 Harper's Eerry Burns's poems 
 
 Dickens's novels Barnes's histories 
 
 a Briton's helmet Britons' helmets 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 45 
 
 LESSON 48 (Continued). 
 a passenger's fare passengers' fares 
 
 a weather-vane's arrow weather-vanes' arrows 
 
 a wizard's book wizards' books 
 
 a pumpkin's rind pumpkins' rinds 
 
 a Quaker's bonnet Quakers' meeting 
 
 DICTATION EXERCISE. 
 
 Burns's humor suggests Dickens's humor in its drollery. 
 The soldiers' tents were near the gypsies' camp. 
 Barnes's histories, Howells's novels and Holmes's works 
 are in the library. 
 
 Describe Miss Pross's appearance and Godfrey Cass's 
 
 character. 
 
 LESSON 49. 
 
 Be- to make ready Aside to prepare 
 fore (parare) (parare) 
 
 pre pare sep a rate^ im age 
 
 prep a ra tion sep a ra tion im a ging 
 
 in vite mem o ry im age ry 
 
 in vi ta tion mem o ra ble im ag ine 
 
 de clare (de+clarare) mem o rize im ag in ing 
 
 dec lar a tion com memo rate (Bule?) im ag i na ry 
 
 de cla ra tive com mem o ra tion in tel lect 
 
 de grade de scribe in tel lee tu al 
 
 deg ra da tion de scrip tion in tel lee tu al i ty 
 
 dev as tate de scrip tive in tel li gent 
 
 dev as ta ting de scrib a ble in tel li gence 
 
 dev as ta tion in de scrib a ble in tel li gi ble 
 
 * See a rat in separate, 
 
46 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 49 (Continued). 
 Make an observation concerning the emphasized let- 
 ters. The letters in the derivatives are the same as in the 
 root. Observe further in the following lessons : — 
 
 LESSON 50. 
 
 busy 
 
 between to ask (rogare) 
 
 in ter ro gate (Eule?) 
 
 col lect 
 
 business (Kule?) 
 
 in ter ro ga ting 
 
 col lect i ble 
 
 bus i ly 
 
 in ter rog a tive 
 
 un col lect i ble 
 
 crit ic 
 
 in ter ro ga tion 
 
 col lee tion 
 
 crit ic al 
 
 pris on 
 
 Again collect 
 
 rec ol lect 
 
 crit ic al ly 
 
 pris on er 
 
 rec ol lee tion 
 
 crit i cise 
 
 im pris on 
 
 Away to part 
 
 di vide 
 
 crit i cism 
 
 im pris on ment 
 
 di vis i ble 
 
 cyn ic 
 
 con scions 
 
 di vi sion 
 
 cyn i cism 
 
 con scious ly 
 
 com mend 
 
 gram mat ic al 
 
 nn con scious ly 
 
 rec om mend 
 
 gram mar 
 
 con scious ness 
 
 rec om mend a ble 
 
 gram mat ic al ly 
 
 un con scious ness 
 LESSON 51. 
 
 rec om men da tion 
 
 ex am ine 
 
 sys tern 
 
 stra te' gic 
 
 ex am in ing 
 
 sys tern at ic 
 
 strat e ^y 
 
 ex am i na tion 
 
 sys tern a tize 
 
 pro duce 
 
 gov ern 
 
 with measure (meter) ^ 
 
 sym met ry 
 
 prod uct 
 
 gov ern or 
 
 sym met ric al 
 
 hyp crit ic al 
 
 gov ern ment 
 
 sym met ric al ly 
 
 hy poc ri sy 
 
 cru el 
 
 em bar rass 
 
 hor ror 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 47 
 
 LESSON 51 (Continued). 
 cru el ly em bar rass ment hor ri ble 
 
 cru el ty em bar ras sing con cil i ate 
 
 mar ry de cide con cil i a ting 
 
 mar ry ing (Rule ?) de cid ed con cil i a tion 
 
 mar riage de cid ed ly (Rule?) con cil i a to ry 
 
 thir measure 
 
 com mode (Rule?) 
 
 convenient being 
 
 com mo di ous 
 
 com mod i ty 
 ac com mo date 
 
 ac com mo da tion 
 con science 
 con sci en tious 
 conscientious ness 
 heav y 
 heav i er (Rule ?) 
 
 heav i ly 
 heav i ness 
 heav i est 
 
 LESSON 52. 
 
 civ il 
 
 to make 
 
 civ il ize 
 
 act of 
 
 civ il i za tion 
 cen tral 
 
 cen tral ize 
 cen tral i za tion 
 char ac ter 
 char ac ter ize 
 
 in iDreathe 
 
 in spire 
 
 in spi ra tion 
 
 out 
 
 ex pire ^ 
 
 ex pi ra tion ^ 
 
 again 
 
 re spire 
 
 res pi ra tion 
 
 res pi ra to ry 
 
 char ac ter i za tion pos ses sive 
 char ac ter is tic 
 
 holy 
 
 sac ri fice 
 sac ri lege 
 sac ri le gious 
 
 pos ses sion 
 
 per sist ent 
 per sist ence 
 per sist en cy 
 
 to to talce (capere) 
 
 ac cept 
 ac cept ing 
 ac cept ance 
 
 LESSON 53. 
 
 to to move (cedere) 
 
 ac cede 
 
 ac ced ed 
 ac ced ing 
 
 1 8 is in tlie sound of x (Ics). 
 
 to to hasten (celerare) 
 
 ac eel er ate 
 ac eel er a ting 
 ac eel er a tion 
 
48 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 •with bread (panis) 
 
 com pa ny 
 axj com pa ny 
 ac com pa ny ing 
 
 LESSON '53 (Continued) 
 ac cess 
 
 ces sion 
 ac ces sion 
 
 ac com pa ni ment ac ces si ble 
 
 ac com pa nist 
 ac cuse 
 ac cus ing 
 ac cu sa tion 
 ac com plish 
 
 ac ces so ry 
 ac cord ing 
 ac cu mu late 
 ac cu rate 
 ac cu ra cy 
 
 ce ler i ty 
 
 short being (brevis) 
 
 brev i ty 
 
 to make 
 
 ab bre vi ate 
 
 act of 
 
 ab bre vi a tion 
 
 to to increase (crescere) 
 
 ac crue 
 
 ac cru ing 
 
 ac crued 
 
 ac cus tom 
 
 ac cus tomed (Kule?) 
 
 A, ab, ac, etc., are forms of ad, meaning to. The final 
 consonant d, of the prefix ad, assimilates to the initial 
 consonant of the root. 
 
 f ac ile (fact 
 
 fa cil i ty 
 fa cil i tate 
 
 act of 
 fa cil i ta tion 
 
 ty rant 
 tyr an ny 
 ty ran nic al 
 ty ran nic al ly 
 
 LESSON 54. 
 
 holy to make 
 
 sane ti fy (sanctus) 
 
 sane ti mo ni ous 
 
 sane ti ty 
 
 the place 
 where 
 
 sane tu a ry 
 
 down to climb (scandere) 
 
 de scend 
 de scend ant 
 de scent 
 de seen sion 
 
 o..^^ relat- 
 
 *^"^« ing to 
 
 tem po ral 
 tern po ra ry 
 
 with time 
 
 con tem po ra ry 
 
 to give 
 
 tem po rize 
 mon tone 
 mo not ny 
 mo not nous 
 
 relating 
 to 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLEB. 
 
 49 
 
 LESSON 54 (Continued). 
 
 great mind (animtis) 
 
 mag nan i mous 
 mag na nim i ty 
 
 to make 
 
 mag ni fy 
 mag nif i cence 
 
 tran scend 
 tran scend ent 
 
 alone to sell 
 
 mo nop o ly 
 
 mo nop o lies (Eule?) 
 
 tran seen den tal mo nop o list 
 transcendentalism mo nop o lize 
 
 LESSON 55. 
 
 with passion 
 
 sym pa thy 
 
 down to report (nuntiare) 
 
 de nounce 
 
 loving man 
 
 phi Ian' thro pist 
 
 sym pa thet ic 
 
 act of 
 
 de nun ci a tion 
 
 phi Ian' thro py 
 
 sym pa thize 
 
 back 
 
 re nounce 
 
 phil an throp'ic al 
 
 rec og nize 
 
 re nun ci a tion 
 
 hating man 
 
 mis an thrope 
 
 rec og ni tion 
 
 forth 
 
 pro nounce 
 
 mis an thro py 
 
 pen i tent 
 
 pro nun ci a tion 
 
 loves wisdom one who 
 
 pM los o pher 
 
 pen i ten tia ry 
 
 beside in to put 
 
 pa ren the sis 
 
 phi los o phy 
 
 pen i tence 
 
 par en thet ic al 
 
 phi lo soph ic al 
 
 well does one who 
 
 ben e f ac tor 
 
 against to put 
 
 an tith'e sis 
 
 nature 
 
 phys ics 
 
 act of 
 
 ben e fac tion 
 
 an ti thet ic al 
 
 phys ic al 
 
 ben e fit 
 
 ill does one who 
 
 mal e fac tor 
 
 phy si cian 
 
 well saying act of 
 
 ben e die tion 
 
 act of 
 
 mal e fac tion 
 
 phys i ol o gy 
 
 be nef i cent 
 
 saying 
 
 mal e die tion 
 
 phys ic al ly 
 
 ben e fi ci a ry 
 
 mal ice 
 
 phys i og'no my 
 
 be nev o lent 
 
 ma lev o lent 
 
 phys i og'raphy 
 
50 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 rplat- /^«P'«' 
 Btcne Ltw(Kf 
 
 lap i da ry 
 
 apart to throw stones 
 
 di lap i date 
 di lap i da tion 
 di min ish 
 
 di min u en do 
 
 di min u tive 
 dim i nil tion 
 
 par tial 
 
 par ti al i ty 
 par tial ly 
 rel e vant 
 
 not 
 
 ir rel e vant 
 rel e van cy 
 
 LESSON 56. 
 
 , j between ^^ apart to wear 
 
 in ter cede ieedere) di gest 
 
 di ges tion 
 
 in ter ced ing 
 in ter ced ed 
 
 in ter ces sion 
 
 thor- to 
 
 oughly advise 
 
 per suade 
 
 per suad ing 
 per sua sion 
 
 again to attack 
 
 re peat (repetere) 
 rep e ti tion 
 rep e tend 
 strength 
 
 to make 
 
 streDg then 
 streug then ing 
 
 LESSON 57. 
 
 placing act of forward to move (cedere) 
 
 before 
 
 prep SI tion 
 
 forth 
 
 prop si tion 
 
 sign to make 
 
 sig ni fy 
 
 having 
 
 sig nif i cant 
 sense 
 
 pro ceed ing 
 pro ceed ed 
 
 nee es sa ry 
 
 un nee es sa ry 
 ne ces si ty 
 
 di ges tive 
 di ges ti ble 
 
 pop u lace (^popMlus) 
 
 P««P^« tTng'to 
 
 pop u lar 
 
 full of 
 
 pop u lous 
 
 state of 
 being 
 
 pop u lar i ty 
 pop n lar ly 
 length 
 length en 
 
 length en ing 
 length ened 
 
 across going act of 
 
 tran si tion(/rc,j 
 tran si tive 
 in tran si tive 
 tran si to ry 
 
 J go- relat- 
 ing ing to 
 
 in i tial 
 
 in i ti ate 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 61 
 
 sen si ble 
 sen si tive 
 in sen si ble 
 in sen si tive 
 ne go ti ate 
 
 capable of 
 
 ne go ti a ble 
 ne go ti a tion 
 
 LESSON 57 (Continued). 
 
 mar ry in i ti a tive 
 
 mar ry ing (E-ule?) in i ti a to ry 
 mar riage mys te ry 
 
 marriage a ble (Rule?) mys te ries (Rule?) 
 mod i fy mys te ri ous 
 
 mod i fy ing (Rule?) hon or 
 mod i f i er (Rule ?) hon or a ble 
 
 laws to make 
 
 leg is late 
 
 having 
 the power 
 
 leg is la tive 
 
 that which 
 
 leg is la ture 
 
 act of 
 
 leg is la tion 
 
 one Avho 
 
 leg is la tor 
 in tent 
 in ten tion 
 
 in ten tion al 
 tol er ate 
 
 tol er a ble 
 
 in tol er a ble 
 tol er a tion 
 
 tol er ant 
 
 LESSON 58. 
 
 hsb it'Sit (habitai^e) vegetate (yegetare) 
 
 dwells one who growing capable of 
 
 in hab i tant veg e ta ble 
 
 hab i ta tion veg e ta tion 
 
 ha bit u ate veg e ta ri an 
 
 ha bit u al ly re venge 
 
 con trol a venge 
 
 con trol ling (Rul e?) ven geance 
 
 capable of 
 
 con trol la ble wit ty 
 
 un con trol la ble wit ti cism (Rule ?) 
 
 to make one who 
 
 typ i fy trai tor 
 
 relating to having the quality 
 
 typ i cal trai tor ous 
 
 vac il late hu mor 
 
 full of 
 
 vac il la tion hu mor ous 
 
52 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 phan torn 
 phantasmagorii 
 sub stance 
 sub Stan tive 
 pleas ant 
 peas ant 
 pheas ant 
 heav y 
 heav en 
 
 Phil ip 
 Phil ip pines 
 Phi lip pic 
 
 LESSON 59. 
 heir 
 
 in her it ^^^ 
 he red i ty 
 he red i ta vj 
 prob a ble 
 prob a bly 
 prob a bil i ty 
 plu ral 
 plu ral i ty 
 
 par tic u lar 
 
 par tic u lar ly (Rule?) 
 par tic u lar i ty 
 
 vac cine 
 vac ci nate 
 vac ci na tion 
 pre diet (dicere) 
 pred i cate 
 pred i ca tive 
 pred i ca tion 
 re pent 
 re pent ant 
 
 state of being 
 
 re pent ance 
 lim it 
 lim it ing. 
 
 hes i ta tion 
 hes i tan cy 
 mim ic 
 mim ic ry 
 tyr an nous 
 tyr an nize 
 se quence 
 con se quence 
 se quen tial 
 con se quen tial 
 in con se quent 
 
 LESSON 60, 
 
 mer ry lim i ted 
 
 mer ri ment (Rule?) lim' it a ble 
 il lim' it a ble 
 
 move 
 
 mov a ble (Rule ?) 
 
 im mov a ble 
 
 love 
 
 lov a ble 
 
 scene 
 
 seen er y 
 
 seen ic 
 
 seen ic al 
 
 ex cla ma tion 
 
 ex clam a to ry 
 
 ex pla na tion 
 
 ex plan a to ry 
 
 hur ry 
 
 hur ry ing (Rule ?) 
 
 hur ried 
 
 hur ried ly (Rule ?) 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 53 
 
 LESSON 61. 
 
 State the rule from Lesson 53, applied in the fol- 
 lowing ; — 
 
 to to say (dicere) 
 
 to to do (facere) 
 
 to to play (ludere) 
 
 ad diet 
 
 af feet 
 
 al lude 
 
 ad diet ed 
 
 af feet ing 
 
 al lud ing 
 
 state of being 
 
 act of 
 
 
 ad die tion 
 
 af fee tion 
 
 al lu sion 
 
 ^ to draw 
 
 near (propiare) 
 
 ar rive 
 
 af fee tion ate 
 
 ap proaeh 
 
 ar riv al 
 
 allot 
 
 maybe 
 
 ap proaeh a ble 
 
 ^^ to be visible 
 ^ iparere) 
 
 
 ^^ to stretch 
 ^^ (tendere) 
 
 
 ap pear 
 
 al lot ting (Rule ?) 
 
 at tend 
 
 act of 
 
 
 one who 
 
 ap pear ance 
 
 al lot ted 
 
 at tend ant 
 
 
 act of 
 
 act of 
 
 al low 
 
 allotment (Rule?) 
 
 at tend anee 
 
 act of 
 
 
 
 al low anee 
 
 ar range 
 
 at ten tion 
 
 to to try (temptare) 
 
 
 
 at tempt 
 
 ar ran ging (Rule ?) 
 
 act of 
 
 ar rest 
 
 at tempts (Rule ?) 
 
 ar range ment (Rule?) ar raign 
 
 s 
 
 itting act of (sessio) 
 
 
 at tempt ing 
 
 ses sion 
 
 as sault 
 
 at tempt ed 
 
 as sess 
 
 suave (-«S'„,) 
 
 to to prize 
 
 one who 
 
 to make pleasant 
 
 ap pre ei ate 
 
 as ses sor 
 
 as suage 
 
 ap pre ci a tion 
 
 as sess ment 
 
 to to lighten (levis light) 
 
 assuaging (Rule?) 
 
 ap pro pri ate 
 
 al le vi ate 
 
 as suage ment(Euie?) 
 
 ap pro pri a tion 
 
 al le vi a tion 
 
 affidavit(a'S,) 
 
 *^ Kn ™^y ^® (Z"'^) 
 
 mis ap pro pri ate 
 
 as sid' u ous 
 
 af fa ble 
 
 (Rule?) 
 
 
 
64 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 61 (Continued), 
 ^^a^flock" *°8 igregare) to to bestow (tribuere) 
 
 gre ga ri ous as si du' i ty at trib ute (v.) 
 
 to ^^- 
 
 ag gre gate ap par ent at tri bute (n.) 
 
 relating to 
 
 ag gre ga tion ap pa ri tion at trib u tive 
 
 with relate 
 
 cor re late 
 
 that which 
 
 cor rel a tive 
 
 with note 
 
 con note 
 con no tate 
 
 ing 
 
 con no ta tive 
 con no ta tion 
 
 LESSON 62. 
 
 with to send with to send (mittere) 
 
 col league (legare) com mit 
 
 col lege 
 col le gi ate 
 
 com mis sion 
 
 com mit tee 
 
 together to bind (nectere) with to order (mandare) 
 
 con nect com mand 
 
 that which 
 
 con nect ive com mand er 
 
 con nee tion 
 
 com man dant 
 
 Col, com, cor, co, cog, are forms of con, meaning with 
 or together. The final consonant of the prefix con 
 assimilates to the initial consonant of the root. 
 
 with to rule (r eg ere) 
 
 cor rect 
 cor rec tion 
 
 with to trade 
 
 com merce 
 com mer cial 
 
 com mend 
 
 worthy of being 
 
 com mend a ble 
 
 capable of being to bring (conferre, collatum) 
 
 cor ri gi ble col late , com ment (mens, mind) 
 
 in cor ri gible 
 
 to break 
 
 cor rupt 
 
 col la tion 
 col lect 
 
 com men tate 
 com men ta tor 
 
ADVANCED BATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 bb 
 
 
 LESSON 62 (Continued) 
 
 • 
 
 cor rup tion 
 
 col lec tion 
 
 com men ta ry 
 
 cor rupt i ble 
 
 col lect i ble 
 
 side relating to 
 
 col lat er al 
 
 to strike 
 
 col lide 
 
 col lect ive 
 
 com mon (cmnmunis) 
 
 col li sion 
 
 cor re spend 
 
 com mune 
 
 col lude 
 
 cor re spend ent 
 
 com mu ni ty 
 
 col lu sion 
 
 that which 
 
 cor re spon dence 
 
 com mu ni cate 
 
 col lo quy 
 
 com mod i ty 
 
 com mo dore 
 
 col lo qui al • 
 
 ac com mo date 
 
 com mo tion 
 
 to gnaw 
 
 cor rode 
 
 strong to make 
 
 cor rob o rate {rohare) 
 
 wrinkle 
 cor ru gate (rugare) 
 
 cor ro sion 
 
 com mem o rate 
 
 com mis er ate 
 
 cor ro sive 
 
 com men su rate 
 
 col lo di urn 
 
 LESSON 63. 
 
 out to plunge (mergere) 
 
 e merge 
 
 in to plunge 
 
 im merge 
 
 out migrsite (migrare) 
 
 em i grate 
 
 in migrate 
 
 im mi grate 
 
 out to entice (laeere) 
 
 e lie it 
 
 not permitted (licere) 
 
 il li cit 
 
 out play 
 
 e lude 
 
 upon play 
 
 il lude 
 
 e lu sion 
 
 il lu sion 
 
 out to project 
 
 em i nent 
 
 in to project 
 
 im mi nent 
 
 em i nence 
 
 im mi nence 
 
 Ux (with the forms e, ec, g/) means out; in (with 
 the forms ig, il, im, ir^ means in (into, on) or not 
 
S6 
 
 ABVANCEB RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 63 (Continued). 
 
 out to make (facere) 
 
 ef feet 
 
 in to make 
 
 in feet 
 
 to to do 
 
 af feet 
 
 e lude 
 
 11 iude ,^^ 
 
 al lude 
 
 e lu sion 
 
 11 lu sion 
 
 al lu sion 
 
 out to take 
 
 ex eept 
 
 in tak ing 
 
 in cep tive 
 
 to to take 
 
 ac cept 
 
 ex cep tion 
 
 in cep tion 
 
 ac cept ance 
 
 out of centre 
 
 ec cen trie 
 
 not letter to make {litera) 
 
 il lit er ate 
 
 to letter making act of 
 
 al lit er a tion 
 
 out to pick (ligere) 
 
 el i gi ble 
 
 out to labor 
 
 e lab rate 
 
 ir reg u lar 
 ir rel e vant 
 
 
 e lapse 
 
 ir re spon si ble 
 
 
 el o quent 
 
 ir rev er ent 
 
 
 ef fi cient 
 
 ir re sist i ble 
 
 
 out to flow (manare) 
 
 em a nate 
 
 ir rec on ci la ble 
 
 
 ef f er ves eent 
 
 not measured 
 
 im mense' 
 
 
 ef fer ves eence 
 
 il lim it a ble 
 
 
 el lipse 
 
 im mac u late 
 
 
 el lip tic al 
 
 in born (natus) ■ 
 
 in nate 
 
 
 out to to bring (aggerare) 
 
 ex ag ger ate im me di ate 
 
 
 ef fee tu al 
 
 in i ti ate 
 
 
 LESSON 64. 
 
 over to take (surprendre, surpria) 
 
 snr prise 
 
 snr mise (surmettre, surmis) 
 
 over charge 
 
 BUT charge 
 
 under to carry {portcvre) 
 sup port 
 
 under to fill (plere) 
 
 sup ply 
 
 under fills that which 
 
 sup pie ment 
 
ADVANCE!) RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 57 
 
 LESSON 64 (Continued). 
 
 over to make (facere) 
 
 8ur f eit 
 
 over mount 
 
 snr mount 
 
 over to pass 
 
 snr pass 
 
 under to place 
 
 sup pose 
 
 under to press 
 
 sup press 
 
 under to bring (gerere) 
 
 sug gest 
 
 The prefix sur means over; the prefix sub (with the 
 forms 8u, sue, suf, sug, sum, sup, sur, sus') means under. 
 The final consonant of the prefix sub assimilates to the 
 initial consonant of the root. The prefix sur remains 
 unchanged. 
 
 more 
 
 snr plus 
 
 render 
 
 snr rend er 
 
 to live (vivere) 
 
 snr viva 
 snr round 
 
 to see (videre) 
 
 snr vey (v.) 
 snr' vey (n.^ 
 
 ing 
 
 snr veil lant 
 
 that which 
 
 snr veil lance 
 sur coat 
 
 under to lie down 
 
 sue cumb 
 
 to go (cedere) 
 
 sue ceed 
 
 sue cess 
 
 to warn (monere) 
 
 sum mon 
 
 (summa from sub) 
 
 sum ma ry 
 
 under to gird (cingere) 
 
 sue cinct 
 
 sue eor 
 
 to make (facere) 
 
 suf fi cient 
 
 to pour 
 
 suf fuse 
 
58 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 65. 
 
 before to cast 
 
 fore cast 
 
 against to bid 
 
 ^^^ for bid 
 
 before bode 
 
 fore bode 
 
 not to get 
 
 for get 
 
 before 
 
 fore shad ow 
 
 thoroughly 
 
 for give 
 
 before 
 
 fore stall 
 
 thoroughly 
 
 for swear 
 
 before 
 
 fore seen 
 
 utterly lost 
 
 for lorn 
 
 before 
 
 fore run ner 
 
 against to strive 
 
 for sake 
 
 The prefix fore means before, and is spelled fore ; 
 the prefix for usually means negation or thoroughness. 
 
 fore fa ther 
 fore fin ger 
 fore most 
 fore thought 
 fore taste 
 fore go ing 
 fore gone 
 fore sight 
 fore know 
 fore most 
 
 for get ting 
 for got ten 
 for bid den 
 for bade 
 for bid ding 
 for gave 
 for giv en 
 for sworn 
 for sook 
 for sak en 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 59 
 
 LESSON 66. 
 
 through to take (capere) 
 
 thoroughly to form 
 
 per ceive 
 
 per form 
 
 to walk (vadere) 
 
 to do (Jacere) 
 
 per vade 
 
 per feet 
 
 year relating to 
 
 to stand 
 
 per en ni al 
 
 per sist 
 
 to carry 
 
 to advise 
 
 per pe trate 
 
 per suade 
 
 to breathe 
 
 to follow 
 
 per spire 
 
 per se cute 
 
 sees that which 
 
 to turn 
 
 per spec tive 
 
 per vert 
 
 
 to be strict 
 
 per son (sonare, to 
 
 sound) per se vere 
 
 to let go (jnittere) 
 
 to stand (jnanere) 
 
 per mit 
 
 per ma nent 
 
 The prefix per means 
 
 through, thoroughly. 
 
 per mis si ble 
 
 per fee tion 
 
 per ceiv ing 
 
 per form ance 
 
 per cep tion 
 
 per sist ent 
 
 per cep ti ble 
 
 per sist ence 
 
 per pe tra tion 
 
 per sua sion 
 
 per spi ra tion 
 
 per se cu tion 
 
 per son al 
 
 per verse 
 
 per son age 
 
 per ver sion 
 
 per mis sion 
 
 per se ver ance 
 
 per en ni al ly 
 
 per ma nence 
 
 
 hangs (pendere) 
 
 per va ding 
 
 per pen die u lar 
 
 seen may be 
 
 
 per spic U OUS 
 
 per pen die u lar ly 
 
 having the quality 
 
 per spi cu i ty 
 
 per se vered 
 
60 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 67. 
 
 The prefix para = beside or against. The prefix 
 meaning equal is equi. ^^ 
 
 phrase 
 
 par a phrase 
 
 a writing 
 
 par a graph 
 
 of one another 
 
 par al lei 
 
 to loosen 
 
 par a lyze 
 
 to feed 
 
 par a site 
 
 a changing 
 
 par al lax 
 
 to throw 
 
 par a ble 
 pa rab o la 
 
 against a thought 
 
 par a dox 
 
 par al lei ism 
 par al lei o gram 
 
 un par al leled 
 pa ral y sis 
 
 The prefix en = to make, 
 is equxl, 
 
 to make ahle 
 
 en a ble 
 
 to make noble 
 
 en no ble 
 
 to make melt 
 
 en am- el - - 
 
 distant 
 
 equi dis tant 
 
 sided 
 
 equi lat er al 
 
 angles relating to 
 
 equi an gu lar 
 
 weighted 
 
 equi pen der ant 
 
 value 
 
 e quiv a lent 
 
 balance 
 
 e qui lib ri um 
 
 weight 
 
 e qui poise 
 
 night 
 
 e qui nox 
 
 relating to 
 
 equi noc tial 
 
 powerful 
 
 e qui po ten tial 
 e qui val ue 
 
 voice relating to 
 
 e quiv o cal 
 e quiv o cate 
 
 The root meaning equal 
 
 to make 
 
 e qual ize 
 
 e qual i za tion 
 
 capable of being 
 
 e qua ble 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 61 
 
 LESSON 67 (Continued). 
 
 en act 
 
 en am or 
 
 en am eled 
 en fee ble 
 
 state of being 
 
 e qual i ty 
 
 act of 
 
 e qua tion 
 
 that which 
 
 e qua tor 
 e qua to ri al 
 
 LESSON 68. 
 
 Anti (Greek) = against. Ante (Latin) = before. 
 
 an tip a thy 
 
 an te ced ent 
 
 to give 
 
 an ti dote 
 
 to go (cedere) 
 
 an te cede 
 
 set 
 
 an tith e sis 
 
 an te cham ber 
 
 an ti cli max 
 
 an te date 
 
 feet 
 
 an tip des 
 
 an te me rid i an 
 
 an tip dal 
 
 an te chap el 
 
 an ti thet ic al 
 
 an te mun dane 
 
 an ti chris tian 
 
 an te nup tial 
 
 ^ fever 
 
 an ti py rine 
 
 an te pran di al 
 
 an ti sep tic 
 
 an te ri or 
 
 an ti fe brile 
 
 an te room 
 
 an ti so. cial ist 
 
 an te ced ence 
 
 spleen 
 
 an ti splen e tic 
 
 an te ce den cy 
 
 an ti sla ve ry 
 
 an te ce dent ly 
 
 an ti scrip tu ral 
 
 an te di lu vi an 
 
 an ti-A mer i can 
 
 an te pe nult 
 
62 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 LESSON 69. 
 
 ac quaint as cent 
 
 ac quaint ance as cen sion 
 
 ac qui esce ^^^ as cer tain 
 
 ad jec tive be cause 
 
 ad mis si ble be fell 
 
 ad van ta geous be lat ed 
 
 ad vise (v.) chro nom e ter 
 
 ad vice (n.) chro nol o gy 
 
 ad vis a bil i ty chron o log ic al 
 
 State the meaning of the prefix in the above words. 
 
 cam paign coarse com pe tent 
 
 can non climb com pe ten cy 
 
 cease less (Rule ?) climb ing com pe ti tion 
 
 close ly (Rule?) com bus ti ble com plete ness 
 
 compliment(Mean'g?) con demn con sist ent 
 
 com pli men ta ry con demn ing con sist en cy 
 
 con spic XL ous con tem po ra ry con tempt i ble 
 
 con tin gent coun cil (Meaning?) crowd 
 
 con tin gen cy 
 
 councilor (Meaning?) dealt 
 
 LESSON 70. 
 Peri = around, ^pi = upon or in. 
 
 ^ measure 
 
 per im e ter 
 
 heart 
 
 per i car di urn 
 
 seed 
 
 per i carp 
 
 people 
 
 ep i dem ic 
 
 heart 
 
 ep i car di ura 
 
 skin 
 
 ep i der mis 
 
 en e my 
 en e mies 
 en mi ty 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 63 
 
 column 
 
 per i style 
 
 place 
 
 per i stal tic 
 
 walk 
 
 per i pa tet ic 
 
 bone 
 
 per i OS te -iiin 
 
 flower 
 
 per i anth 
 
 phrase 
 
 per i phrast ic 
 
 LESSON 70 (Continued), 
 writing 
 
 ep i gram en tice nient(Rule?) 
 
 ep i gram mat ic drown ing 
 dumb 
 ear nest 
 ear nest ness 
 ec sta sy 
 
 saying 
 
 ep i logue 
 
 tomb 
 
 ep i tapli 
 
 putting 
 
 ep i thet 
 
 cutting 
 
 e pit o me 
 
 es pe cial ly 
 
 ex ceed far thest 
 
 ex ceed ing ly fas ci na tion 
 
 excitement (Rule?) Feb ru a ry 
 
 frail ty 
 
 cru el ty 
 
 loy al ty 
 
 spe cial ty 
 
 hap pened 
 
 heard 
 
 height 
 
 LESSON 71. 
 
 far ther de spond ent (Prefix?) 
 
 de ceased 
 de spond en cy 
 dis eased (f^Ti) 
 gen er os i ty hun gry 
 
 gnawed hordes 
 
 griev ance (Rule?) im i tate (imitari) 
 guard ing im i ta ble 
 
 guilt in im. i ta ble 
 
 guar an tee in ap pli ca ble 
 
 gull lo tine in dis pen sa ble 
 
 in flam ma ble 
 in ter rupt 
 
 in ter rup tion 
 its^ 
 
 LESSON 72. 
 
 rainbow 
 
 i ri des cent 
 re sist i ble 
 
 not 
 
 ir re sist i ble 
 ir re spon si ble 
 
 i tal i cized 
 jeal ous y 
 
 jour ney 
 
 jour neys (Eule ?) 
 
 • The possessive its is written without an apostrophe. 
 
64 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 72 (Continued), 
 journey ing (Rule?) judg ment la ter (Meaning?) 
 
 jvi ye mle( juvenis) knowledge lat ter(Meaning?) 
 
 leath er 
 
 ac know ledg ment 
 
 mam moth 
 
 leath ern 
 
 lei sure 
 
 man ner 
 
 heath er 
 
 loose ly (Rule ?) 
 
 man ner ism 
 
 heav i er 
 
 lone 
 
 man tel(Meaning?) 
 
 lead 
 
 lone ly 
 LESSON 73. 
 
 mag a zine 
 
 mead ows 
 
 me di ae val 
 
 pas tor al 
 
 mar vel ous 
 
 black bile 
 
 mel an choly (mela^) 
 
 \ pe rus al 
 
 min i a ture 
 
 to bind (ligare) 
 
 bliged 
 
 work (opera) 
 
 op er a 
 
 mon ey 
 o pine 
 pin ion 
 
 pic tur esque 
 plan si ble 
 sta tion a ry 
 
 op er a tion 
 
 per ma nent 
 
 stud ied 
 
 per son age 
 
 per ma nence 
 
 steel 
 
 stead y 
 
 mem o randum(Root?) 
 
 suit or 
 
 steadily (Rule?) 
 
 mem o ran da 
 
 suit a ble 
 
 peas ant 
 
 mo tor 
 
 sov er eign 
 
 pleas ant 
 
 no ti cing 
 
 sov er eign ty 
 
 Pre = before. 
 
 LESSON 74. 
 
 
 to stretch (tendere) 
 
 pre ten sion 
 
 to come (venire) 
 
 pre vent ive 
 
 to be strong (valere) 
 
 pre vail ing 
 
 first 
 
 prim i tive 
 prin ci pie ^ 
 re nun ci a tion 
 
 pres ence 
 qui et 
 qui et ly 
 
 * Principle and its synonym rule both end in le. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 65 
 
 pre his tor ic 
 pre era i nent 
 
 to run (fiUrrere) 
 
 pre cur sor 
 
 to ask (rogare) 
 
 pre rog a tive 
 pre ex ist ence 
 pre dom i nant 
 
 pre cede 
 realm 
 splen dor 
 
 a web (tela) 
 
 sub tie 
 snb tie ty 
 sub tly 
 sub tie ness 
 slug gish (Rule ?) 
 red dish 
 sep a rate 
 sep a ra tion 
 rec og nize 
 rec og ni tion 
 some what 
 
 LESSON 74 (Continued), 
 rep ri mand quar ter 
 
 re view quan ti ty 
 
 ri pened (Eule ?) quan ti ties (Eule?) 
 
 rode (Meaning ?) read y 
 scru pu lous read i er 
 
 sim i lar read i ly 
 
 laugh 
 
 sim i lar i ty rid i cule 
 
 dis sim i lar (Eule?) ri die u lous 
 sim i lar ly scin til late 
 
 75. 
 
 LESSON 
 
 ref er ence 
 
 pref er ence 
 
 reign 
 
 reign ing 
 
 re lief (Rule ?) 
 
 re sist ance 
 
 re sem blance 
 
 right 
 
 right eons 
 
 right eous ness 
 
 stat ure 
 
 sure 
 
 sus cep ti ble 
 
 sus pend 
 
 sus pen sion 
 
 sweeps 
 
 main tain 
 
 main te nance 
 
 sus tain 
 
 sus te nance 
 
 throne 
 
 un scru pu lous 
 
 LESSON 76. 
 
 va ry taste less (Eule ?) view 
 
 va ry ing (Eule?) tan gi ble ve to ing 
 
 va ri e ga ted tem per a ment won der 
 
 wreck tem per ance whose 
 
66 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 76 (Continued). 
 
 wreck age 
 
 than ' 
 
 
 ab hor rence 
 
 wrap 
 
 their 
 
 
 ad mi ra ble 
 
 wrapped 
 
 threat en ^^^ 
 
 
 totally (Eule?) 
 
 a bun dance 
 
 threat en ing 
 
 
 trag e dy 
 
 symp torn 
 
 with, passion 
 
 sym pa thy 
 
 u su al ly (Eule?) trag ic 
 un u su al ly treach er y 
 
 type to make 
 
 typ i fy 
 
 relating to 
 
 typ ic al 
 
 LESSON 
 
 weath er 
 
 wrought 
 
 77. 
 
 ad mir ing 
 ad mis si ble 
 
 col umned 
 
 yield 
 
 
 ad ap ta tion 
 
 un cer tain 
 
 yield ing 
 
 
 ad just ed 
 
 iin nee es sa ry 
 
 yield ed 
 
 
 ad vance ment (Rule ?) 
 
 un con scious 
 
 ab stain 
 
 
 af ter 
 
 ver bal 
 
 ab sti nence 
 
 
 a gra'ri an 
 
 vin die tive 
 
 ab so lute 
 
 
 alive 
 
 vir tue 
 
 ad min is tra tion 
 
 al tar 
 
 LESSON 78. 
 
 
 
 Ab = from. 
 
 a mi a ble 
 
 a pri ri 
 
 from 
 
 a sun der 
 
 from to swear 
 
 a mong 
 
 a pos te ri or i 
 
 ab jure 
 
 a mount 
 
 a pos tro phe 
 
 from loose 
 
 ab solve 
 
 am pli tude 
 
 a rith me tic 
 
 a the ism 
 
 an ces tor 
 
 a roused 
 
 a the ist 
 
 an ces tral 
 
 as cer tain 
 
 heard may be 
 
 au di ble (audire) 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 67 
 
 LESSON 78 (Continued). 
 
 an cient 
 
 gap ing 
 
 (Rule ?) au di ence 
 
 ath let ic 
 
 bar ba rous 
 
 won drous 
 
 a vow al 
 
 bare 
 
 
 Bas sa ni o 
 
 awk ward 
 
 ba sin 
 
 
 bed lam 
 
 LESSON 
 
 79. 
 
 
 Al = relating to. 
 
 
 
 Cle = little. 
 
 spher ic al 
 
 
 
 skin 
 
 cu ti cle 
 
 e CO nom ic al 
 
 
 
 root 
 
 rad i cle 
 
 ec cle si as tic al 
 
 
 
 song 
 
 can ti cle 
 
 e go tis tic al 
 
 
 
 body 
 
 cor pus cle 
 
 el lip tic al 
 
 
 
 joint 
 
 ar ti cle 
 
 gram mat ic al 
 
 
 
 ear 
 
 au ri cle 
 
 sym met ric al 
 
 
 
 stomach. 
 
 ven tri cle 
 
 phil soph ic al 
 
 
 
 feather 
 
 pin na cle 
 
 pe ri od ic al 
 
 
 
 par ti cle 
 
 psy cho log ic al 
 
 
 
 skin 
 
 pel 11 cle 
 
 ver ti cal 
 
 
 
 bar na cle 
 
 rad i cal 
 
 
 
 coal 
 
 car bun cle 
 
 ty ran nic al 
 
 
 
 hand 
 
 man a cle 
 
6S ADVANCED RATIONAL SPMLL^M. 
 
 LESSON 80. — Dictation Exercise. 
 
 A CONVERSATION. 
 
 Two soldiers from Cincinnati met in the Philippines at 
 Manila after somewhat similar and weird experiences. 
 Macaulay offered Thackeray a chair, and choosing one for 
 himself, proceeded to develop a surprise. 
 
 " I'm making preparations to go home, old man," he 
 said. 
 
 "What luck ! " said Thackeray. ^^ There will be too many 
 of us left here. Take me.'' 
 
 "I believe that would be a privilege which can't be 
 effected, though I perceive a sea voyage would be beneficial 
 to you." 
 
 " Yes. My wound still pains me. Got it in the bush. 
 Dusky villain of a guide preceded me. Eight Filipinos 
 in ambush seized me." 
 
 *^Too bad, old man," said Macaulay much affected. 
 " It's a bad principle to believe in these Filipinos. They 
 are so accustomed to tyranny that their faith is Punic. 
 The Filipinos need development badly." 
 
 ^^ Truly said. Our principal purpose now is to keep 
 their bands separate. Want my Dickens's novels, or 
 some Women's Rights literature to read on the steamer? 
 Good by/' 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 69 
 
 LESSON 81. 
 
 WORDS USED IN PHYSICS. 
 
 bal ance 
 
 con cen trate 
 
 ba rom e ter 
 
 tie 
 
 ty ing (Rule ?) 
 
 gas 
 
 touch 
 
 si phon 
 
 air 
 
 Fah ren heit 
 
 mi crom e ter 
 
 ten sile 
 
 gauge 
 
 den sim e ter 
 
 prin ci pie 
 
 par af fin 
 
 e vap ra ting 
 
 con dense 
 
 cord 
 
 per ma nent ly 
 
 ful crum 
 
 de tach a ble 
 
 con tin u ous 
 
 e qui li brant 
 
 piv ot 
 
 height 
 
 bare ly 
 
 hook 
 
 pul ley 
 
 gas es 
 
 em bry o 
 pe ren ni al 
 de vel op ment 
 ex ist ence 
 vac u ole 
 al bu mi nous 
 mov a ble 
 stom ach 
 dis sec tion 
 
 con ven ient 
 ox y gen. 
 
 LESSON 82. 
 
 WORDS USED IN BIOLOGY. 
 
 nour ish ment 
 nu cle us 
 nu tri tion 
 as sim i late 
 vol un ta ry 
 per form ance 
 pi pette 
 sym me try 
 dis sem i na tion 
 
 of water a leading 
 
 aq ue duct(J^' .) 
 
 water 
 
 a quat ic 
 
 fi brous 
 pro to plasm 
 crea ture 
 def i nite 
 cil i a 
 breathes 
 there fore 
 fer tile 
 con triv ance 
 
 seal y 
 develops (Rule?) 
 
70 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 LESSON 83. 
 
 WORDS USED IN CHEMISTRY. 
 
 crys tals 
 ox i da tion 
 oc curs (Rule?) 
 bril liant 
 bril lian cy 
 pneu mat ics 
 de scend 
 whole 
 
 me chan ic al 
 u nit 
 
 el e men ta^ry 
 
 am mo ni um 
 
 pre vi ous 
 
 piece (Meaning ?) 
 
 ob serv ance 
 
 bole 
 
 chlo ride 
 
 chlo rine 
 
 La voi si er 
 
 crys tal li za tion 
 
 mouths (Eule ?) 
 
 wheth er 
 
 moulds 
 
 add 
 
 neu tral ize 
 
 once 
 
 brought 
 
 in o dor ous 
 
 in di vis i ble 
 
 Priest ley 
 
 nee es sa ry 
 re sem ble 
 there by 
 lat ter 
 
 bi chro'mate 
 ar se'ni ous 
 per cent 
 per cent age 
 blew (Meaning?) 
 lev el 
 
 LESSON 84. 
 
 CHEMISTRY {Continued). 
 
 ab sorbs 
 
 peel (Meaning?) 
 
 oc curred (Rule ?) 
 
 cir cuit 
 
 chro mi um 
 
 floe cu lent 
 
 mor tar 
 
 mat ters 
 
 some thing 
 
 nick el 
 
 di vid ed 
 fur ther 
 oc cur rence 
 e rect 
 bleach er 
 man ga nese 
 cot ton 
 col or 
 col ored 
 col or less 
 
ADYAMCEB RATION AL SPELLER. 
 
 71 
 
 LESSON 85. 
 
 WORDS USED IN HISTORY. 
 
 Syr i a 
 
 which 
 
 where 
 
 where in 
 
 coun cil (Meaning?) 
 
 coun cil or 
 
 A pol lo 
 
 middle land 
 
 Med i ter ra ne an 
 
 A crop o lis 
 
 led (Meaning ?) 
 
 siege 
 
 Ther mop'y lae 
 
 ren dered (Eule ?) 
 Phoe ni cian 
 de i ties 
 prov ince 
 sub ju ga ting 
 Pal es tine 
 ban ish ment 
 
 ex il ing (Rule ?) 
 
 re nowned 
 
 cap i tol (Meaning?) 
 
 far sight ed 
 
 far sight ed ness 
 
 Iliad 
 
 Od'ys sey 
 
 down 
 
 frieze 
 
 Ae ge'an 
 
 A-ehiries 
 
 writ ing (Rule ?) 
 
 whose 
 Men e la us 
 ad van ta ges 
 U lys ses 
 ar chi tect 
 
 Stat ues 
 Prop'y lae'um 
 Prop'y lae' a 
 sculp tor 
 writ er 
 or a tor 
 or a to ry 
 their (Meaning?) 
 phi los o phy 
 Xen o phon 
 
 LESSON 86. 
 
 HISTORY {Continued). 
 
 Cly tern nes tra Per sia* 
 
 ig no rant Hel les pont 
 
 Pe nel' o pe Sic i ly 
 
 Ar ca di a (Greece) Si cil ian 
 
 lit er a ture He rod'o tus 
 
 Prax it'e les Aes'chy lus 
 
 Eu rip'i des Venus de Milo 
 
 mar bles Phi lip' pic 
 
 fore most (Prefix?) gen ius 
 
 vo lup tu ous ex eel 
 
n 
 
 ADVANCED UATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 in sti ga tion 
 
 nei ther 
 
 tern po ral (Der.?) 
 
 ought (Meaning ?) 
 
 in di cate 
 
 in die' a tive 
 
 school 
 
 schemes 
 
 sphere 
 
 glad i a to ri al 
 
 lit er al ly 
 
 al tar (Meaning?) 
 
 LESSON 87. 
 
 mane (Meaning?) 
 asks ^^ 
 
 ex ag ge ra ted 
 pat ro nym ic 
 spec i fi ca tion 
 op ta tive 
 lev el 
 
 ac cu sa tion 
 ac cu sa tive 
 in no cent 
 wretch ed 
 yield ing (Kule ?) 
 
 a dapt ed (Mean ing ?) 
 
 ad'ap ta'tion 
 
 a dapt a bil i ty 
 
 con cern 
 
 con cern ing 
 
 tru ly 
 
 rev e la tion 
 
 Da nish 
 
 sue ces sion (Rule?) 
 
 col lege 
 
 chose 
 
 cho sen 
 
 LESSON 88. 
 
 suffix 
 
 ex ploits 
 
 fur thest 
 
 in de ci sive 
 
 ex clud ing 
 
 slip per y (Rule ?) 
 
 gal ax y 
 
 un a vai la ble 
 
 birds (Rule for plural?) 
 
 coun sel (Meaning' 
 
 ?)strat a gem 
 
 de lir i um tre mens 
 
 con'fer ence 
 
 ef fort 
 
 cor re spond ing ly 
 
 dep re da tion 
 
 ex ist 
 
 pu pil 
 
 as sail (Rule ?) 
 
 acceptable (Rule?)fro zen 
 
 per ma nent ly 
 
 ac cept ance 
 
 de ter mine 
 
 tech nic al 
 
 han die 
 
 de ter mi na tion 
 
 teams 
 
 er rand 
 
 strict ly 
 
 mu ti late 
 
 com pa tri ot 
 
 clause 
 
 mu ti nous 
 
 com pas sion ate 
 
 as sist ed (Rule?) 
 
ADVANCED BATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 73 
 
 
 LESSON 89. 
 
 
 watched 
 
 treat ment 
 
 moun tains 
 
 pro mo tion 
 
 Nic a ra gua 
 
 sue cess ful (Rule?) 
 
 syl lo gism 
 
 compelled (Rule?) 
 
 1 cus toms 
 
 welfare (Eule?) 
 
 nee es sa ri ly 
 
 cus tom er 
 
 com pete 
 
 pur suit 
 
 prac ti cal 
 
 com pe ti tion 
 
 guard ed 
 
 part ner ship 
 
 deny 
 
 here 
 
 in' flu ence 
 
 de nies (Eule?) 
 
 high er 
 
 in flu en tial 
 
 like ly (Rule ?) 
 
 in cit ing (Rule?) 
 
 cor rupt (Rule ?) 
 
 un der hand 
 
 tithe 
 
 Scot tish 
 
 sel dom 
 
 par ish 
 
 Scrip tures 
 
 ac com plish ments (Rule ?) 
 
 qual i fi ca tions 
 
 
 LESSON 90, 
 
 
 gour mand (Meaning?) Ar cite 
 
 re ward 
 
 gour met (Meaning? 
 
 *)met'a phys'ics 
 
 a void 
 
 chrys an the mum 
 
 tra pe zi um 
 
 post poned 
 
 her ba ceous 
 
 trap e zoid 
 
 con sol i da tion 
 
 schism 
 
 week (Meaning?) 
 
 il la tive 
 
 pel i can 
 
 swol len 
 
 Hy men 
 
 man i kin 
 
 cyg net 
 
 Hy'me ne'al 
 
 eye la men 
 
 um brel la 
 
 em bas sa dor 
 
 far thest 
 
 be stows (Rule?) 
 
 not equal 
 
 non pa reil 
 
 pa go da 
 
 hos pice 
 
 pro pri e tor 
 
 in dom i ta ble 
 
 thirst 
 
 whose 
 
 re cip ro cal 
 
 seen ic 
 
 im plore 
 
 ab ra sion 
 
 seen i cal 
 
 val iant 
 
74 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 91.— Dictation Exercise. 
 
 THE BOERS. 
 
 The Boers are an original people. They worship the 
 Christian Deity with conscientious and consistent fervor. 
 The pleasant life of the veldts has left them leisure for 
 hunting ; they excel as marksmen and are excellent riders. 
 The valor and strategy displayed by them on numerous oc- 
 casions leave no room for criticism. They are versed in the 
 stratagems of war and are well supplied with ammunition. 
 The exhilaration of open air life makes them healthy ; few 
 of them are diseased or have symptoms of disease. They 
 have the advantage of being better acquainted with the 
 country than the British, and their chosen ground for 
 fighting is among the kopjes, where they make their 
 appearance in miniature armies before the British are 
 conscious of their presence. Mounted upon their indis- 
 pensable ponies, before they can be interfered with, and 
 with an utter absence of fear, they make sudden and irre- 
 sistible descents upon the British, which are very embar- 
 rassing to the imaginations of Britain's rulers. 
 
 The heroes and deities of the Iliad and Odyssey fought 
 no more bravely than do these untutored denizens of the 
 veldts and kopjes. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 75 
 
 ep 1 cure 
 
 dip ping (Eule?) 
 
 op ti mis tic 
 
 ea ger 
 
 fi er y 
 
 o ver whelm ing 
 
 re strain ing(Der.?) 
 
 oc cu py ing (Rule?) 
 Dun sin ane 
 Caw dor 
 Nor we gian 
 pre sen ti ment 
 ruf fian 
 a ris ing 
 
 LESSON 92. 
 
 ex plain 
 
 ty rant 
 
 weak (Meaning?) 
 
 lus cious 
 
 mar jo ram 
 
 rose ma ry 
 
 CO nun drum 
 
 Swe den 
 
 Hi ber ni ans 
 
 par \\a men ta ry 
 
 cir Q,u\\, 
 
 ref er ee 
 
 am nes ty 
 
 a za le a 
 
 gen tian 
 
 a nem o ne 
 
 ge ra ni um 
 
 clem a tis 
 
 o le an der 
 
 as sist ant 
 
 demoni'acal (Der.?) 
 
 sleep walking (ambulare) 
 
 som nam bu lism 
 
 pa thos 
 
 hand some 
 
 ca pa bil i ty 
 
 vis' count 
 
 vice'roy 
 
 m ar chion ess (suffix ?) 
 
 mort gage 
 
 LESSON 93. 
 
 Pres by te ri an nice 
 
 bar on ess (Suffix?) war like 
 
 so lie it or Mo ham med an 
 
 re sus ci ta ted new com ers 
 
 mon as ter y ro man tic 
 
 prel ate prej u dice 
 
 U'ni ta'ri an viv id ly 
 
 in im i cal 
 
 at the same 
 time 
 
 si'mul ta'ne ous 
 se quen tial ly 
 sus pense 
 pro pi ti ate 
 per tain ing 
 pro claim 
 
 mur mured (Rule?)proc la ma tion 
 state li ness (Rule ?) khe dive (kS, dev') cer e mo ni al 
 
76 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 93 (Continued), 
 ap pgl'late can on (Meaning?) chan eel lor 
 
 lit ur ^j lit er a ry lit a ny 
 
 ex alt ed con quertr ep ic 
 
 ep och bar ba rous im mor tal (Rule?) 
 
 ex pe n ence 
 
 en clo sure 
 
 rec om pense 
 
 ex trav a gant 
 
 ex trav a gance 
 
 con tem po ra ne ous ly 
 
 ep i sode (Der. ?) 
 
 ex claim 
 
 ex clam a to ry 
 
 ex cla ma tion 
 lis ten er 
 cri er (Rule ?) 
 ca jole 
 
 LESSON 94. 
 
 dim (Rule ?) 
 dime (Rule ?) 
 bot torn (Rule ?) 
 
 gyp sy 
 
 gyp sies (Rule ?) 
 no tice 
 prom i nent 
 Charles Darnay 
 in de fat i ga ble 
 (Der.?) 
 kin dred 
 for mer ly 
 life 
 lives 
 
 fa ther 
 
 far ther (Der. ?) 
 
 like ness (Rule?) 
 
 f re quent ing 
 
 pre ex ist ing 
 
 sad ness 
 
 turn' key 
 
 e pis tie 
 
 con vin cing 
 
 no bil i ty 
 
 ru i na tion 
 
 re spouse (Der.?) 
 
 dom i neer ing (Der.?) 
 
 LESSON 95. 
 
 chron i cle in ter Sam son 
 
 rec on noi ter in terred (Rule?) rhyth mic 
 
 f rol ick ing dis in ter (Rule ?) un quench a ble 
 
 frol ic as ton ish Ma cau lay 
 
 Stat ue (Meaning?) as ton ish ment Thack er ay 
 8tat ure (Meaning?) a f raid The oc rj tus 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLEB. 
 
 77 
 
 LESSON S5 (Continued). 
 
 h^ugh ty Strug gle 
 
 haughtiness(Rule?)life less (Rule?) 
 conversion^ pre die tion 
 
 ex cus a ble par tic u lar ly 
 
 re pel re late 
 
 re pel lent 
 
 sparse 
 
 Jew 
 
 Jew ish 
 
 passed (Meaning?) 
 
 past (Meaning?) 
 
 tern po ra ri ly 
 
 su per cil i ous 
 
 mor als 
 
 sat ire 
 
 sat ir ize 
 
 sa tir ic al 
 
 re tir ing (Rule?) 
 re tire ment (Rule ?) 
 per son al 
 tre panned 
 ret i cence 
 pa tron 
 
 rel a tive 
 
 LESSON 96. 
 
 vil lain y 
 
 wran gle 
 
 wrath 
 
 khan 
 
 o be di ence 
 
 te mer i ty 
 
 speculative (Der.?) re or gan i za tion 
 
 pred e ces sor (Der. ?) steal (Meaning ?) 
 
 pre ci sion (Der.?) stole 
 
 ten den cy sto len 
 
 rhi noc e ros taw dri ness 
 
 laud a ble 
 lin net 
 leg ate 
 Steele 
 trum pet er 
 Je ru sa lem 
 
 LESSON 97. 
 
 tran seen den tal ist par tridge 
 (Der.?) 
 
 Queen Anne 
 re form 
 
 ref or ma tion 
 
 rem i nis cent 
 rem i nis cence 
 
 les sen ing 
 ac quaint 
 
 without government 
 
 an arch y 
 
 one 
 
 mon arch y 
 mo nar chic al 
 
 al le giance 
 
 deaf ened (Rule ?) 
 dis charge (Prefix?) 
 
 dis cov er 
 
 dl dac tic 
 ex ot ic 
 
 ' State the rule for pronunciation. 
 
78 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 ter ra pin 
 
 su per flu i ties 
 
 right opinion 
 
 or tho dox 
 
 other 
 
 het er o dox 
 
 kind 
 
 LESSON 97 (Continued) 
 few 
 
 ol i gar chy 
 ol i gar chic al 
 
 as cet 1 cism 
 
 to to swear 
 
 ad jure 
 
 from 
 
 het er o ge ne ous ab jure 
 lac te al ad diet ed 
 
 sor cer y 
 
 eq ui page 
 ex haust 
 ex haust ive 
 com pli ance 
 Cae sar 
 
 ac quire 
 
 em has sy 
 
 en su ing (Rule?) 
 
 E gyp tian 
 
 ep i thet (Prefix?) 
 
 ep i taph (Prefix ?) 
 in dorse ment 
 e lim i nate 
 
 LESSON 98. 
 
 ex' qui site clas sic al 
 
 con f erred (Rule?) con du cive 
 
 con sid er 
 con sid er ate 
 com pro mise 
 
 force ful (Rule?) fas tid i ous 
 
 flu ent 
 bar ris ter 
 bit ing (Rule?) 
 hid e ous 
 
 glam or 
 Bib li cal 
 Bur roughs 
 hal yard 
 
 coun ter f eit 
 col o nize 
 Car lyle 
 fiend (Rule?) 
 in still 
 By ron 
 
 hip po pot a mus 
 Ger man ism 
 
 LESSON 99. 
 
 cap' tain ^ Christian (chan)^ pastoral' filial (yal)* 
 
 foun'tain Bel gl an pa ren tal a e ri al 
 
 moun'tain Nor we gl an cor po val in i tial 
 
 * Ain short is pronounced in or en. 
 
 * Ian is pronounced tan, yan, or with « or t, shan or chan. 
 
 * Al is pronounced al. 
 
 * lal is pronounced ial, yal, or, with t or c, sJial. "Whenever the pronimcj^ 
 ^^on )8 in, en, or al the spelling should not be ian or iql. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 
 
 79 
 
 LESSON 99 (Continued). 
 
 cer'taln E gyp tian (shan) funeral special 
 
 vil lain mu si cian (shan) tern po ral ma te ri al 
 
 chief tain ruf fian (yan) sev er a\ se quen tial 
 
 mur rain Gas pi an pri me val par tial 
 
 a gain (6n) gen tian (shan) o rig i nal mar tial 
 
 bar gain (6n) Caucasian (shan) mediaeval su per fi cial 
 
 LESSON 100. 
 
 State the rule for the formation of each of the 
 following possessives. 
 
 princess's father 
 country's sake 
 Laertes' character 
 Longmans' edition 
 Lyly's Euphues 
 Keats's poems 
 Wilkie Collins's novels 
 
 befall! 
 be fell 
 re call 
 mis spell 
 fore tell 
 un well 
 m stall 
 refill 
 
 hermit's cave 
 Malory's King Arthur. 
 Yankees' defeat 
 Hopkins' law 
 witches' prophecy 
 Hughes's works 
 Holmes's essays 
 
 to drive (pellere) 
 
 com pel 
 re pel 
 im pel 
 dis pel 
 ex pel 
 pro pel 
 re bel 
 ex eel 
 
 1 English words ending in double I used as roots retain tb© double I in t^© 
 derivatiye word?. 
 
80 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 101 
 
 aide-de-camp 
 
 commander-in-chief 
 
 color-blindness 
 
 well-grounded 
 
 high-strung 
 
 snow-covered 
 
 self-sacrifice 
 
 self-possession 
 
 sleigh-bell 
 
 self-conceit 
 
 great-grandfather 
 
 gas-burner 
 
 old-fashioned 
 
 word-building 
 
 rose-breasted 
 
 well-behaved 
 
 great-grandson 
 
 mother-in-law 
 
 jew's-harp 
 
 weather-beaten 
 
 —Compound Words. 
 
 nose-glasses 
 ^^^ rose-colored 
 Graeco-Persian 
 well-proportioned 
 hot-headed 
 self-centered 
 blindman's-buff 
 self -righteousness 
 self-satisfaction 
 quilting-bees 
 self-condemnation 
 bird's-eye 
 grass-grown 
 ill-treated 
 snow-bound 
 well-disposed 
 whip-poor-will 
 father-in-law 
 free-soil 
 warm-hearted 
 
 LESSON 102. — Dictation Exercise. 
 
 A SCHOOL EPISODE. 
 
 It happened once in a certain school that a chosen com- 
 mittee received an invitation from the Faculty to conduct a 
 series of exam,inations. Probably their ready acquiescence 
 was due to the criticism that it was a noticeable fact that, 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 81 
 
 LESSON 102 (Continued), 
 though the pupils could prove that monopolies were foreign 
 to American principles, though they could solve algebraic 
 problems by the column and though they could write vol- 
 umes on ancient civilization, yet they were not acquainted 
 with the more advantageous knowledge of the pronunciation 
 and derivation of common words. This surprise reduced 
 many pupils to despair, among them an especially sensitive 
 boy named Arthur Coleridge. His neighbor across the 
 aisle, Philip Byron, was by no means of similar tempera^ 
 ment, being quite without conscience. On this occasion, 
 therefore, he did not hesitate to ask Arthur for a summary 
 of his answers. The latter was thereby placed in a di- 
 lemma. He hated to refuse, yet he felt that the proposed 
 dishonesty might prove disastrous to them both. Finally 
 he said, "I cannot be responsible for what you have been 
 too indolent to learn." 
 
 Now it happened that the whole occurrence had been wit- 
 nessed by one of the conductors of the examination, who 
 forthwith summoned young Byron to the desk. This con- 
 scienceless youth told a plausible story ; but the examiner 
 interrupted him by saying, "Let me relieve you of the 
 necessity of inventing a tale. I understand the incident 
 thoroughly. Any repetition of your offense will be suffi- 
 cient cause for suspension.^' 
 
 Let us hope that this occurrence, which might have 
 proved a mimic tragedy, taught both the boys a permanent 
 lesson. 
 
82 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 103. 
 
 ab sorbs (Eule ?) break age 
 
 a ca'men bub ble ^-^ 
 
 adjusted (Der.?) Bun yan 
 
 ba sic un ex am pled 
 
 bev er age bur y 
 
 bed lam bur ies (Rule ?) 
 
 bor der (Meaning?) bur ied 
 
 bor der ing bust ling 
 
 bos om cab i net 
 
 both cal lous 
 
 bowl der cal en dar (Meaning?) choice 
 
 brace let (Rule ?) Ca naan Ten nes see ^ (n.) 
 
 brag ging (Rule ?) Can a da ces sa tion 
 
 can non (Meaning?) 
 
 cap i tal (Meaning ?) 
 
 cem e ter j 
 
 ces sion (Meaning?) 
 
 se ces sion (Der. ?) 
 
 qham ois 
 
 cheer 
 
 Chi ca'go 
 
 chim ney 
 
 chim neys (Rule?) 
 
 cir cu la tion 
 
 around 
 
 cir cum fer ence 
 
 LESSON 104. 
 
 zeph yr 
 
 com par i son 
 com pre hen sive 
 
 con dense 
 
 con dens er 
 con den sa tion 
 
 con duct 
 con fi dence 
 
 cir cum stance 
 
 speaking 
 
 cir cum lo cu tion com plex ion 
 cir cum nav i gate con cealed 
 
 to -write 
 
 cir cum scribe con can ter (Der. ?) con fer ence 
 
 cit a del con cen trate 
 
 cite (Meaning?) 
 
 con flict 
 
 con se quence 
 
 con spire 
 con splr a cy 
 con sum ma tion 
 » A way to remember it is to spell it " t-e-<Jouble n, e-double s, double-©.' 
 
 con can tra tion 
 
 to cut 
 
 ci vil i ty (Der. ?) con cise 
 
 clas si fy (Der.?) in ci sion (Der.?) 
 
 cod i cil in ci sive 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 83 
 
 with name 
 
 cog no' men 
 com fort ing 
 com fort a ble 
 con ven lent 
 
 LESSON 104 (Continued), 
 to run (curerre) 
 
 cur rent 
 con cur rent 
 con cur rence 
 con tin u ous 
 
 con tain mg 
 con tend 
 con ten tion 
 con ten tious 
 
 LESSON 105. 
 
 converted counsel (Meaning?) Sir Roger de Cov- 
 
 erley 
 coun sel or cred u lous 
 
 coun te nance cross bow 
 
 con vey ance 
 
 cop y right 
 
 bod}' {corpus, corporis) 
 
 cor po ral 
 
 cor'po rate 
 
 in cor po rate(Der.?) cour te sy 
 
 cor po ra tion cous in 
 
 dan gled de li cious 
 
 tlirougb drawing 
 
 de not ing (Eule?) di a gram 
 
 course (Meaning?) crowd 
 
 cour te ous cur rant (Meaning?)' 
 
 cu ri OS i ty 
 in ter pret ed 
 de liv er ance 
 
 dun geon 
 
 to dry (siccere) 
 
 de vout de sir ous (Rule ?) des ic ca ted 
 
 dis Greet du ra bil i ty 
 
 an angle 
 
 dis cr6 tion di ag o nal ed i ble 
 
 dis band di ag o nal ly(Rule?)e go tis tic 
 
 measure 
 
 du al (SufB.x ?) di am e ter ei ther 
 
 to enclose 
 
 dis tine tion di a phragm E laine 
 
 * Derived from CJorinth, whence the small dried grape was first imported. 
 
84 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 do nate 
 
 don or (Der.?) 
 
 dow ry 
 
 en coun ter 
 
 en er gj 
 
 en ter prise 
 e ques tri an 
 eu lo gy 
 
 eu lo gis tic 
 e vac u ate 
 ex er ci ses 
 ex ist ence 
 ex or bi tant 
 
 LESSON 106. 
 
 du el (Meaning?) em pha sis 
 Emerson ^^^ em pha size 
 George Eliot 
 en cum brance 
 6 nig ma 
 
 en trance 
 er ror 
 
 er ro ne ous 
 
 rela- 
 ting to 
 
 eu phe mis tic 
 
 em bel lish 
 
 em bel lish ment 
 
 en sconced 
 
 for a day 
 
 e phem er al 
 es cape 
 Eu phu es 
 
 well^Pf*^ 
 
 eu phu is tic 
 ex cite ment (E-ule?) ex cru ci a ting 
 ex hib it ex u ber ant 
 
 ex hi bi tion ex on er ate 
 
 ex pres sion ex trem i ty 
 
 vil lain ous 
 pa vil ion 
 fal ter 
 fa mous 
 fault 
 
 fa vor a bly 
 flee ing 
 flick ers 
 flour ish ing 
 
 LESSON 107. 
 
 gay e ty 
 
 gen der 
 
 ges ture 
 
 ges tic u late 
 
 gin ger 
 
 gran deur 
 
 great (Meaning?) 
 
 group ing 
 
 growled 
 
 gild (Meaning?) 
 
 gilt (Meaning ?) 
 
 hea then 
 
 height 
 
 hence 
 
 hin drance 
 
 hoard (Meaning?) 
 
 hon ey 
 
 husks 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 85 
 
 LESSON 107 (Continued). 
 
 flut ter ing 
 
 f ren zy 
 
 gauze 
 
 gaol er or jail er 
 
 i den ti fy 
 
 i den ti fy ing (Bnie?) im paired 
 
 gud geon 
 guilt (Meaning?) 
 Guin e vere 
 ha bit u ate 
 
 peculiar g^Jher * ^^^^^S 
 
 id i o syn era sy 
 
 hy phen 
 i de'a 
 ig nite 
 ig ni tion 
 
 to bear (portare) 
 
 im por tant 
 im por tance 
 
 im pres sion ist (Der, 
 im pres sion is tic 
 
 in del i ble 
 
 in fat u a tion 
 
 in stead 
 
 in tro duced 
 
 Ir ving 
 
 Job 
 
 reign (Meaning?) 
 
 up going 
 
 a nab a sis 
 
 Ian guor 
 
 levy 
 
 made (Meaning?) 
 
 LESSON 108. 
 
 ?) in ces sant (Der. ?) 
 in con tro ver ti ble 
 (Der.?) 
 in dem ni ty 
 in gre di ent 
 in ten tion 
 in ven tion 
 in'ven to ry 
 ju di cial 
 ju ries 
 
 jus tice 
 le gions 
 
 liberties (Eule?) 
 main'te nance 
 
 in dus tri ous 
 in flamed 
 
 in ex haust i ble 
 
 in sol vent 
 
 in ter est 
 
 i tem ize 
 
 jotist 
 
 juice 
 
 kind ling 
 
 Vic to ri an 
 lev i ty 
 li cen tious 
 ma ny 
 
86 
 
 ADVANCED RATlOl^AL SPELLER. 
 
 Si las Mar ner 
 
 mas sa cring 
 
 match 
 
 ma te ri al 
 
 mat ters (Rule ?) 
 
 latter (Eule?) 
 
 mea ger 
 
 means 
 
 meant 
 
 noise 
 
 nois y 
 
 nois i ly (Rule?) 
 
 nooks 
 
 on ly 
 
 one (Meaning?) 
 
 pails (Meaning?) 
 
 par ent 
 
 pa ren tal 
 
 pas try 
 
 per e gri na tion 
 
 per il ous 
 
 pe ri od 
 
 petty 
 
 LESSON 109, 
 
 me lo'di ous 
 
 meth od 
 
 Mi caw bef^ 
 
 min ute 
 
 mo' bile 
 
 moi e ty 
 
 more over 
 
 mu tu al 
 
 nerv ous 
 
 noth ing 
 
 nov el ist (Rule?) 
 
 nu mer ous 
 
 of ^en 
 
 LESSON 110. 
 
 o pen ly 
 
 riches having {ops, opes) 
 
 op u lent 
 op u lence 
 ox i dize 
 ox i da tion 
 pat tern 
 peo pie 
 perch ing 
 pes ti lence 
 phrase 
 
 pil grim age(Rule?) phras al 
 poor ly pli ers (Rule ?) 
 
 pop lar (Meaning?) pours (Meaning?) 
 pri ma ri ly (Rule?) pres sure 
 
 m6n ace 
 midst 
 
 min strel sy 
 mis hap' 
 mod ern 
 mon u ment 
 must 
 neck lace 
 no blest 
 ob serv er 
 oc cu pant 
 of (Meaning?) 
 ofe (Meaning?) 
 
 pal pi ta tion 
 
 shown capable of being 
 
 OS ten si ble 
 OS ten ta tion 
 OS ten ta tious 
 par tic i pa tion 
 pe cul iar 
 
 peculiarly (Rule?) 
 pe cun' ia ry 
 pe cun ia ri ly 
 plague 
 plen te ous 
 pie o nas tic 
 prem ise 
 prem i ses 
 
AbVANCEB RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 87 
 
 prep o si tion 
 prop o si tion 
 Prot es tant 
 pun gent 
 
 qui et (Meaning?) 
 re al ly (Eule?) 
 rea son a ble 
 rea son a bly 
 re luc tant 
 re luc tance 
 re mark a ble 
 re mem brance 
 re quire ment(Ruie?) 
 
 re splen dent 
 
 re suit ant 
 
 re turn ing 
 
 sa li va 
 
 sei^n ior 
 
 se ren i ty 
 
 shel tered (Rule ?) 
 
 Sir Philip Sidney 
 
 since 
 
 smooth 
 
 so journed 
 
 spec i fi ca tion 
 
 stretch 
 
 Lau rence Sterne 
 
 LESSON 111. 
 
 pre ten tious 
 pri va cy 
 pro to type 
 quar an tine 
 rail' ler y 
 Charles Eeade 
 reck less 
 re lent less 
 rem nant 
 
 re mov ing (Rule? ) 
 re morse 
 ren dez vous 
 req ui site 
 
 LESSON 112 
 
 re vered 
 
 rib bon 
 
 rid ing (Rule?) 
 
 sap phire 
 
 se ques ter 
 
 ses sion (Meaning?) 
 
 shook 
 
 sight (Meaning?) 
 
 slaugh ter 
 
 slaugh ter ing 
 
 sou ve nir 
 
 spin die 
 
 lul la by 
 
 strick en 
 
 pri me'val 
 
 prof f ered (Rule ?) 
 
 pul mo na ry 
 
 quite (Meaning ?) 
 
 rapt (Meaning ?) 
 
 reared 
 
 re f rac to ry 
 
 re li gious 
 
 re new al 
 
 re plen ish 
 
 re pu di a tion 
 
 re sort 
 
 rgs'plte 
 
 rise 
 
 ro guish 
 
 round 
 
 seen (Meaning?) 
 
 se quel 
 
 sev er al 
 
 shows (Rule?) 
 
 sim plic i ty 
 
 source 
 
 spe cial ized 
 
 spe'cies 
 
 splen dor 
 
 stand ard 
 
 striv ing (Rule?) 
 
88 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 113. 
 
 ces sion (Meaning?) sub trac tion (Prefix?) sur round ing 
 cite (Meaning?) sub sti tu^on sus pi cion 
 
 style (Meaning?) su per in tend ent sus pi cious 
 
 (Prefix?) 
 sub mit ted (Rule?) su per sti tion syr up 
 
 taf fe ta ta per (Meaning?) throne (Meaning?) 
 
 tar ried tax es threw (Meaning?) 
 
 three fold 
 
 trait tran sient tri pie 
 
 tur quoise un at trac tive un dis turbed 
 
 unknown (Prefix?) un kempt (Prefix?) un ea sy 
 
 un learned up heav al up per most 
 
 u sage u su ry u ten sil 
 
 ut ter ance vain (Meaning?) ve'nal 
 
 ven ti la ted ven ture some vet er i na ry 
 
 LESSON 114. 
 
 site (Meaning?) those thrown (Meaning?) 
 
 ta pir (Meaning?) though through (Meaning?) 
 
 vein (Meaning?) vo ra cious wander ing (Meaning?) 
 
 wonder ing (Meaning?) wood (Meaning?) what 
 won (Meaning?) with out . wrought 
 
 writ ten (Rule?) zinc zo'dl ac 
 
 reign (Meaning?) Ed mund Spen ser zo dl'a cal 
 Sir Thorn as More Hen ry Field ing Thorn as Gray 
 Thorn as Camp bell John Locke ThomasDeQuincey 
 
 Oliver Wendell Holmes Goe the Schil ler 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLEB. 
 
 89 
 
 LESSON 115. 
 
 WORDS USED IN CIVIL GOVERNMENT, 
 ad mi ral pen sion trea son 
 
 or gan ize (Der. ?) pen sion er ex pend i ture 
 
 or gan i za tion ser vi tude at tain der 
 
 sta tis tics a bridg ment brib er y 
 
 of fi cial cit i zen (Der.?) el i gi ble 
 
 jurisdiction(Der.?) pros ecu tion (Preflx?)in el i gi ble 
 con sti tu tion al per se cu tion(Prefix?)el i gi bil i ty 
 Bri tan nic ex pense bos tile 
 
 cit i zen ship trea son a ble hos til i ty 
 
 LESSON 116. 
 CIVIL GOVERNMENT {Continued). 
 
 con sul a dop tion (Der.?) 
 
 con SU lar a dopt ed (Meaning?) 
 
 rep re sen ta tion a dapt ed (Meaning?) 
 e nu mer a tion fed er al ist 
 
 com mit tee 
 ad journ 
 ft nance' 
 fi nan cial 
 
 fi nan ci er 
 
 im post (Der.?) 
 
 im posed 
 
 im po si tion 
 
 ap por tion (Kule?) 
 
 e lect or al (Der.?) 
 
 min is ter 
 
 ad min is tra tive 
 
 (Prefix ?) 
 di plo ma tist 
 
 an ti-fed er al ist 
 
 (Prefix ?) 
 con serv a tive 
 lib er al 
 dem o crat ic 
 
 cen sus 
 
 sen ate 
 
 sen a tor 
 
 as sem bly (Der.?) re pub lie 
 
 as sem bled re pub lie an 
 
 un ion trib une 
 
 re jec tion (Der.?) tri bu nal 
 
90 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 117. 
 CIVIL GOVERNMENT {Continued). 
 le ga tion (Der.?) con vene -""" de feet (Der.?) 
 se cu ri ty con ven tion tri al 
 
 pol i tics rev o lu tion (Der?) mi nor 
 
 po lit i cal rev o lu tion a ry mi nor i ty 
 
 states men del e ga tion de cree 
 
 ten ant ma jor u na nim i ty 
 
 ten nre (Der.?) ma jor i ty bank rupt cy 
 
 con federate (Der.?) pro vin cial pro hib it (Prefix ?) 
 
 con fed er a tion pro pri e ta ry pro hi bi tion 
 cap i ta tion (Der.?) ex ec'u tive (Der.?) pre text (Prefix ?) 
 de cap i ta tion ex ec'u tor (Der.?) perpetual (Prefix?) 
 
 LESSON 118 
 
 CIVIL GOVERNMENT {Continued). 
 
 amendment(Der.?)com merce (Der.?) quo rum 
 
 in her ent de fen sive func tion 
 
 in val u a ble al li ance e mol u ment 
 
 ju di cia ry (Der.?) accord ance (Rule ?)pres i dent 
 
 ju rist (Der.?) in sti tu tion pres i den tial 
 
 pro mot er (Der. ?) rev e nue pres i den cy 
 
 ob nox ious do mes tic pro vi sion 
 
 im mu ni ty rat i fy de ni al (Rule ?) 
 
 immunities(Rule?) rat i fi ca tion res ig na tion 
 
 in va sion in dus tri al dis a bil i ty (Rule?) 
 
 in sur rec tion na tion al i ty ag ri cul ture 
 
 recession (Der.?) league ag ri cul.tur al 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 91 
 
 LESSON 119. 
 CIVIL GOVERNMENT {Continued). 
 in a bill ty ordinance (Meaning?) con sti tu tion 
 
 pur su ance (Eule ?) sec re ta ry ar chives 
 
 ord nance (Meaning?) re pris al (Der.?) ac cred i ted (Eule?) 
 
 treas u ry 
 
 pres i den cy 
 
 cus to dy 
 
 treas u ries (Kule 
 
 ?) ur gent 
 
 cus to di an 
 
 at tor ney 
 
 ve to 
 
 re sid ing 
 
 pre scribed (Prefix?) ve toes (Eule?) 
 
 res i dent 
 
 pro scribed (Prefix?) sig na ture 
 
 Eu ro pe an 
 
 bal lot 
 
 cau cus 
 
 en voy 
 
 va can cy 
 
 ex cise 
 
 plen i po ten ti a ry 
 
 trans ac tion 
 
 man u fac tures 
 
 na val (Der. ?) 
 
 
 LESSON 120. 
 
 CIVIL GOVERNMENT (Continued). 
 
 pol i cy 
 
 pri or 
 
 com pen sa tion 
 
 sal a ry 
 
 in ter na tion al 
 
 (Prefix?) 
 
 audit (Der.?) 
 
 sal a ried 
 
 ar bi trate 
 
 au di tor 
 
 in voice 
 
 ar bi tra tion 
 
 cur ren cy (Der.?) 
 
 cer ti fy 
 
 ar bi ter 
 
 comp trol ler 
 
 cer tif i cate 
 
 an nu al (Der.?) 
 
 an nu al ly 
 
 gra tu i ty 
 
 im pris on ment 
 
 bu reaus 
 
 gra tu i tous 
 
 ma rine 
 
 reg is ter 
 
 a cad e my 
 
 mi li tia 
 
 ad ju tant 
 
 e quip ment 
 
 mil i ta ry 
 
 mu se um 
 
 su per vi sion 
 
 su per vi so ry 
 
 gra tu i tous ly 
 
92 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 121. — Dictatiorr Exercise. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON. 
 
 February 22d is the birthday of a renowned man whose 
 statue stands at the east front of the Capitol^ occupying 
 a prominent position. A man of commanding stature he 
 was, strong and athletic, of gentle sympathy for women 
 and children. Enmity and vengeance were foreign to his 
 character and furthest from his desires. In all juvenile 
 sports he endeavored to instill into himself that love for the 
 principles of justice, veracity, and courteous dealing which 
 made his personality unique in history. Sound in his 
 advice to others, he was apparently ever ready to have 
 others advise him. He was formally elected the first 
 president of the United States in 1788, and was inau- 
 gurated the ensuing year. Whether of princely or peasant 
 blood is uncertain, but surely no prince ever occupied a 
 more conspicuous place than he, when as the general of 
 the allies, he wrested from England's sovereign the sover- 
 eignty of the American Colonies. 
 
 Our past is known ; our future can only be surmised. 
 Formerly a handful of petty states, we have passed with 
 unparalleled rapidity into one of the mightiest sovereign- 
 ties of the world. It is apparent, too, that there is no 
 parallel to the inter-mixture of our blood ; we are divi- 
 sible into many races, but not divided in patriotism. We 
 are allied to many peoples; we are English, Irish, Scot- 
 tish, French, German, Italian and Scandinavian, with a 
 more near resemblance to the English Our democratic 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 93 
 
 LESSON 121 (Continued), 
 government is an apparition arraigning the despotisms of 
 the Old World. With the completion of the Nicaragua 
 Canal, the perfection of Marconi's telegraph and the inven- 
 tion of a safe method of aerial navigation by dirigible 
 balloon, we shall become a still more potent factor in the 
 v^orld's councils. 
 
 LESSON 122. 
 Lou i si a na Mis sis sip pi ^ 
 
 lus trous Con nect i cut 
 
 John Ly ly Mas sa chu setts 
 
 pro file Del a ware 
 
 prop er ties " North Car o li na 
 
 would (Meaning?) Rhode Is land 
 
 Wright (Meaning?) doi ly 
 
 rode (Meaning?) doi lies (Rule?) 
 
 far to write 
 
 tel e graph 
 
 to sound 
 
 tel e phone 
 
 to see 
 
 tel e scope 
 
 pro mis cu ous ly 
 
 vac il la ting 
 
 tes ti mo ny 
 
 un de §igned 
 fal si ty 
 
 ac cused * 
 
 of fi cer 
 
 tar iff 
 
 Wales 
 
 or na ment 
 
 dis cord 
 
 1)6 com ing 
 
 swear ing 
 
 des o late 
 
 val u a ble 
 
 con sid er a tion 
 harm ful (Rule?) 
 
 LESSON 123. 
 
 OS cil la tion pre cip 1 tate 
 
 pos ses ses ly co po di um 
 
 per cep ti ble mag ne si um 
 
 a que ous (Der.?) al che my 
 
 trans par ent mi ca 
 
 » A way to remember it U to speU it, Af-i double s, i double s, i double p, i. 
 
 un ap pre ci a tive 
 great est 
 di rect 
 di vine 
 doc trine 
 
94 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 in struct ed 
 
 gift 
 
 a cute ness (Eule ?) 
 
 how ev er 
 
 length 
 
 por trayed 
 
 pow der 
 
 mag net 
 
 ni ter 
 
 al ka li 
 
 mer cu ry 
 
 hy dro gen 
 
 chlo line 
 
 cal ci um 
 
 al um 
 
 rite (Meaning ?) 
 
 rode (Meaning?) 
 
 ox i di zing 
 
 det ri men tal 
 
 shad ow 
 
 LESSON 123 (Continued), 
 oc ta he dron 
 va lid i ty^ 
 ven ti la tion 
 sur gi cal 
 bear (Meaning ?) 
 in sen si bil i ty 
 ex act ly 
 lead (Meaning?) 
 
 LESSON 124. 
 
 res cu ing (Eule?) 
 hor ror 
 
 breaks (Meaning?) 
 nour ish ment 
 ve na tion 
 com bus tion 
 me tab o lism 
 om niv o rous 
 car niv o rous 
 in sec tiv o rous 
 min er al o gy 
 min er al o gist 
 
 sil i ca 
 gyp sum 
 cru ci ble 
 blow pipe 
 bro mine 
 a lem bic 
 plat i num 
 pot ash 
 
 met al lur gy 
 cor al 
 mol lusk 
 sta lac tite 
 mas to don 
 gas e ous 
 hy'g! ene 
 pa piriae 
 crys tal line 
 cen trip'e tal 
 cen trif u gal 
 rar i ty 
 
 LESSON 125. 
 
 THE DEER HUNT. 
 A college professor, whose health obliged him to take a 
 holiday, wrote to an old cavalry friend, inviting him to 
 a hunt. The old soldier was a WQ^rrnrheartedy weather^ 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER, 95 
 
 LESSON 125 (Continued). 
 beateriy but sct'upulous individual, who had none of those 
 vacillating traits which mar the judgment of inactive men. 
 He sent an acknowledgment of the professor's letter, accep- 
 ting the invitation. A definite place and a definite date 
 were fixed upon, and they departed. 
 
 Soon they were in the mountains toiling up at a steep 
 anglcy now losing themselves in the woods, anon coming 
 out on the side of the mountain where the professor, who 
 possesses an innate love of the beautiful, would pause for a 
 bird's-eye view of the valley and point out some shepherd 
 with his flock far below. But his friend had a new rifle 
 whose virtues he wished to prove, and hurried him on. 
 They did not drink from the mountain pools, which are 
 often polluted by vegetable matter, but from a crystal 
 stream gushing from an aperture in the rocks. The pro- 
 fessor frequently paused to collect flowers which were 
 entirely new to him. ^^ Consider the lilies of the field," 
 he said. " I refuse," replied his friend. " But I will 
 converse with thee concerning the deer of the woods." 
 After much perseverance and persistent effort they reached 
 an upland lawn where they saw a doe grazing peoAiefully 
 in its primitive home. But now the sensitive, high-strung 
 animal raised its quivering nostrils in the air, scenting the 
 polluting presence of human beings, conscious of being 
 attacked by those who would ruthlessly destroy it, poising 
 with delicate balance on slender legs, ready to flee for 
 safety, and then, swift as the wind, was away. But the 
 pursuing bullet was swifter and too well directed, "How 
 
96 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 LESSON 125 rContinued). 
 far are men removed from the angeU.^^ sighed the pro- 
 fessor, " and how barbarous are they to slay such divine 
 creations/' However, to accoirimodate his friend, he helped 
 him with the disagreenMe task of carrying the deer. A 
 fine deerskin rug on the floor of the ^professor's library 
 commemorates his only deer hunt. 
 
 scis sors 
 
 cru et 
 
 cau li flow er 
 
 rad ish 
 
 rhu barb 
 
 as par a gus 
 
 a pri cot 
 
 buf f et (fa) 
 
 mar ma lade 
 
 sir loin 
 
 hal i but 
 
 bar be cued 
 
 m6 ringue (rSng) 
 
 sau sage 
 
 bisque 
 
 cax rot 
 
 LESSON 126. 
 DOMESTIC WORDS, 
 dough nut 
 beef steak 
 sand wich 
 me nu' 
 rasp ber ry 
 cur rant 
 sauer kraut 
 ba na na 
 
 blanc mange (bia mangv) 
 mac a roon 
 fric as see 
 bo lo gna 
 nou ga^' 
 mus tard 
 om e let 
 cof fee 
 
 cro quette 
 Char lotte E-usse 
 bis cuit 
 yeast 
 maize 
 car a mel 
 CO coa nut 
 rai sin 
 on ion 
 her ring 
 mac a ro ni 
 pheas ant 
 syl la bub 
 aim ond 
 ma'yon'naise 
 sug ar 
 
ABBEEVIATIONS. 
 
 A. B. Bachelor of Arts. 
 
 A. C. {Ante Christum) Before 
 
 Christ. 
 A. D. {Anno Domini) In the 
 
 year of our Lord. 
 Ace. Account. 
 Adj. Adjective. 
 Ady. Adverb. 
 >ff. or /Et {^tatis) Of age; 
 
 Aged. 
 Agt. Agent. 
 A/a. Alabama. 
 A/as. Alaska. 
 A. /H. Master of Arts. {Ante 
 
 Meridiem) Before Noon. 
 Amer. American. 
 Amt Amount. 
 Anon. Anonymous. 
 Ans. Answer. 
 Apr. April. 
 Ariz. Arizona. 
 Ark. Arkansas. 
 Atfy. Attorney. 
 Aug. August. 
 Aye. Avenue. 
 
 B. A. Bachelor of Arts. 
 Ba/. Balance. 
 
 Bb/. Barrel. 
 B. C. Before Christ. 
 B. L. Bachelor of Laws. 
 Bus. or bush. Bushel. 
 
 Ca/. Calendar, California. 
 
 Capf. Captain. 
 
 Cent. A hundred, or Centigrade. 
 
 cf. {confer) Compare. 
 
 Co. Company ; County. 
 
 C. 0. D. Collect on delivery. 
 Co/. Colonel ; Colorado. 
 Con. {Contra) Against. 
 Conn, or Ct Connecticut. 
 Cr. Credit ; Creditor. 
 
 Cts. or cts. Cents. 
 
 Cwt or cwt. Hundredweight. 
 
 D. 
 
 D. C. District of Columbia. 
 D. D. Doctor of Divinity. 
 Dec. December. 
 
 De/. Delaware. 
 
 Dem. Democrat. 
 
 Dept Department. 
 
 Diet. Dictionary. 
 
 D. L 0. Dead Letter Office. 
 
 Do. or do. (ditto) The same. 
 
 Doz. or doz. Dozen. 
 
 97 
 
98 
 
 ADVANCED BATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 Dr. Debtor; Doctor; Dram. 
 
 D. V. {Deo volente) God willing. 
 Dwt. or dwt Pennyweight. 
 
 E. East. 
 
 Ed. Edition ; Editor. 
 
 e.g. {Exempli gratia) For ex- 
 ample. 
 
 E. Lon. East Longitude. 
 
 Eng. England; English. 
 
 Esq. Esquire. 
 
 etal. {Etalii) And others. 
 
 Etc., etc. or &c. {Et cetera) And 
 so forth. 
 
 Ex. Example ; Exception ; Exo- 
 dus. 
 
 P. 
 
 Fahr. Fahrenheit. 
 
 Feb. February. 
 
 F/a. Florida. 
 
 Fr. France; French. 
 
 Fur. or fur. Furlong. 
 
 a. 
 
 Ga. Georgia. 
 
 G. A. R. Grand Army of the Re- 
 public. 
 Ger. German. 
 Gov. Governor. 
 Gr. Greek ; Grain. 
 
 H. B. M. His or Her Britannic 
 Majesty. 
 
 H.I.H. His or Her Imperial 
 Highness. 
 
 Hist. History. 
 
 Hhd. or hhd. Hogshead or hogs- 
 head. 
 
 H. M. His or Her Majesty. 
 
 Hon. Honorable, 
 
 H. R. House of Representatives. 
 
 lb., ib., Ibid, or ibid. {Ibidem) In 
 
 the same place. 
 id. or Id. {Idem) The same. 
 Id. Idaho. 
 
 I.e. or i.e. {Id est) That is. 
 ///. or Ills. Illinois. 
 /. H. S. {Jesus Hominum Sal- 
 
 vator) Jesus, the Saviour of 
 
 Men. 
 incog. Unknown. 
 Ind. Indiana; Indian; India. 
 Ind. T. or Ind. Ter, Indian Ter 
 
 ritory. 
 Inst. Instant. (The present 
 
 month.) 
 Int. or int. Interest. 
 Id. Iowa. 
 It. or Ital. Italic ; Italian. 
 
 Jan. January. 
 Jr. or jr. Junior. 
 
 Kan. or Kans. Kansas. 
 Ken. or Ky. Kentucky. 
 
 L, I. or £. Pound sterling. 
 Lat. Latin ; Latitude. 
 /. c. Lower case. 
 Leg. or Legis. Legislature ; Leg- 
 islatui-es. 
 
ADVANCED RATIONAL SPELLER. 
 
 99 
 
 Lft D. or Litt. D, Doctor of Lit- 
 erature. 
 LL. D. Doctor of Laws. 
 Long, or long. Longitude. 
 Lou. or La. Louisiana. 
 L. S. Place of the Seal. 
 Lt. or Lieut. Lieutenant. 
 
 M. 
 
 M. Monsieur ; (Mille) Thousand ; 
 
 Meridian, or Noon. 
 M. A. Master of Arts. 
 MaJ. Major. 
 Mar. March. 
 Mass. Massachusetts. 
 M. C. Meinber of Congress. 
 M. D. Doctor of Medicine. 
 Md. Maryland. 
 Mdse. Merchandise. 
 Me. Maine. 
 
 Messrs. Gentlemen; Sirs. 
 Mich. Michigan, 
 Minn. Minnesota. 
 Miss. Mississippi. 
 Mile. Mademoiselle. 
 Mnte. Madame. 
 Mo. Missouri. 
 Mont. Montana. 
 M. P. Member of Parliament. 
 Mr. Master or Mister. 
 Mrs. Mistress (missiz). 
 MS. Manuscript. 
 MSS. Manuscripts. 
 Mt. Mount. 
 
 N. 
 N. Noon ; North. 
 N. A. North America. 
 N. B. {Nota bene) Note well. 
 
 N. C. North Carolina. 
 
 N. Dak. North Dakota. 
 
 N. E. North-east ; New England. 
 
 Neb. Nebraska. 
 
 Nev. Nevada. 
 
 N. H. New Hampshire. 
 
 N. J. New Jersey. 
 
 N. L. or N. Lat. North Latitude. 
 
 N. Mex. New Mexico. 
 
 No. or no. Number. 
 
 Nov. November. 
 
 N. Y. New York. 
 
 N. S. Nova Scotia. 
 
 N. W. North-west. 
 
 o. 
 
 0. Ohio. 
 
 Oct. October. 
 01(1. Oklahoma. 
 Ore. or Oreg. Oregon. 
 0. S. Old Style. 
 Oz. or oz. Ounce. 
 
 p. 
 
 Pa. or Penn. Pennsylvania. 
 
 Ph. D. Doctor of Philosophy. 
 
 Phil, or Phila. Philadelphia. 
 
 Pk. or pk. Peck. 
 
 P. M. Post Master ; {Post Meri- 
 diem) Afternoon. 
 
 P. 0. Post Office ; Province of 
 Ontario. 
 
 Pro tern, or pro tern, (pro tem- 
 pore) For the time being. 
 
 Prox. or prox. (Proximo) Of the 
 next month. 
 
 P S. Postscript. 
 
 Pivt. or pwt. Pennyweight. 
 
100 
 
 ADVANCED RATIONAL SFBLLBB, 
 
 Q. Question ; Query. 
 Q. £. D. {Quod erat demonstran- 
 dum) Which was to be proved. 
 Qt Quart or Quantity. 
 
 /feed. Received. 
 Rep. Representative ; Republi- 
 can ; Reporter. 
 Rev. Reverend. 
 R. I. Rhode Island. 
 
 XT. 
 
 U It. or u It (Ultimo) Last; Of 
 the last month. 
 
 Un/y. University. 
 
 u. s. {vt supra). As above. 
 
 U. S. United States. 
 
 U. S. A. United States America. 
 
 U. S. N. United States Navy. 
 
 U. S. S. United States Senate. 
 
 U. S. ¥. United States Volun- 
 teers. 
 
 S. South ; Sign ; Signor. 
 
 S. A. South America ; South 
 
 Africa ; South Australia. 
 S. C. South Carolina. 
 Sc. or sc. {Scilicet) To wit. 
 Scot. Scotland. 
 S. Dak. South Dakota. 
 S. E. South-east. 
 Sec. Secretary ; Second. 
 Sept. September. 
 Serg. Sergeant. 
 S. L. or S. Lat. South Latitude. 
 Sp. Spain. 
 
 St Saint ; Street ; Strait. 
 Supt Superintendent. 
 Surg. Surgeon. 
 S. W. South-west. 
 
 V. or V. Volume ; {Vide) 
 or vs. {Versus) Against. 
 Va. Virginia. 
 Vid. or vid. {vide) See. 
 y/z. or viz. Namely. 
 
 W. West. 
 
 Wash. Washington. 
 
 Wis. Wisconsin. 
 
 W. Lon. West Longitude. 
 
 Wt or wt Weight. 
 
 W. Va. West Virginia. 
 
 Wyo. Wyoming. 
 
 Xmas. Christmas. 
 
 See; 
 
 Tenn. Tennessee. 
 Tex. Texas. 
 
 Tr. or tr. Translator ; Transla- 
 tion ; Transpose. 
 
 Yd. or yd. Yard. 
 
 zool. Zoology. 
 
OAY AND TO $'0 
 OVERDUE. 
 
 T,D zl-lOOm'. 
 
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 U.C.BERKELEY LIBRARIES 
 
 CD^3EDEE3^ 
 
 Jr. 
 
 210068 
 
 
 dry/ 
 
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