THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 ^^u^^L ^,/0'l^^ ^ , ^, , ^ 
 
 •^^^^^^
 
 t»Mff — "^Bi 
 
 r|5, TH, 
 
 ■W H! 
 
 i; " 
 
 c "^ '-^ 
 
 I 
 
 2 t^ 
 7, .— 
 
 a, 
 
 IT « 
 
 /r-3 
 
 e I ( II 
 

 
 AN ACCOUNT OF 
 
 BELLEVUE HOSPITAL 
 
 WITH A 
 
 CATALOGUE OF THE 
 
 MEDICAL AND SURGICAL STAFF 
 
 FROM 1736 TO 1894 
 
 EDITED BY 
 
 ROBERT J. CARLISLE, M. D. 
 
 ^ 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 THE SOCIETY OF THE ALUMNI OF BELLEVUE HOSPITAL 
 
 NEW-YORK 
 1893
 
 Copyright, 1893, by 
 Robert J. Carlisle, M. D.
 
 rior.edioal 
 
 B5C 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Preface vii 
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital i 
 
 Consulting Physicians, arranged alphabetically 107 
 
 Consulting Physicians, arranged chronologically 109 
 
 Consulting Surgeons, arranged alphabetically no 
 
 Consulting Surgeons, arranged chronologically 113 
 
 Visiting Physicians, arranged alphabetically 114 
 
 Visiting Physicians, arranged chronologically 121 
 
 Visiting Surgeons, arranged alphabetically 123 
 
 Visiting Surgeons, arranged chronologically 128 
 
 List of Members of Consulting and Visiting Staffs who 
 
 WERE previously INTERNES. I30 
 
 Resident Physician and Surgeons •'• • 131 
 
 House Physicians and House Surgeons 132 
 
 Resident Physicians 133 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians 135 
 
 Internes, 1850 to 1894 148 
 
 House Staffs 321 
 
 Summary 339 
 
 Externes 341 
 
 Died in the Discharge of Duty 344 
 
 Department of Mental Diseases 345 
 
 Residence Directory 347 
 
 The Present Staff of Bellevue Hospital 361 
 
 The Society of the Alumni of Bellevue Hospital 364 
 
 Authorities 375 
 
 Index 379 
 
 763986
 
 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Bellevue Hospital Frontispiece 
 
 First Poorhouse in New-York 5 
 
 Old Dutch House at Kip's Bay 17 
 
 Hon. De Witt Clinton 21 
 
 Bellevue Hospital in 1848 46 
 
 View from the Southwest about 1845 49 
 
 Bellevue Hospital Ambulance 70 
 
 Interior of Ambulance Stables ti 
 
 Bellevue Hospital in 1879 77 
 
 View of Alcoholic Pavilion 80 
 
 Male Medical Ward 80 
 
 Office and Private Laboratory of Drug Department 84 
 
 Manufacturing Laboratory in Drug Department 88 
 
 Interior of Sturges Pavilion 92 
 
 Interior of Marquand Pavilion 92 
 
 Interior of Chapel 97 
 
 Crane Operating Room 100 
 
 Interior of Amphitheater 100 
 
 Children's Surgical Ward 104 
 
 Operating Room of the Dehon Annex 104
 
 MAPS AND DIAGRAMS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Vicinity of Poorhouse in 1763 8 
 
 Vicinity of Kip's Bay in 1767 12 
 
 Vicinity of Belle Vue in 1803 15 
 
 Plan of the Grounds in 1817 22 
 
 Ground Plan of the Main Building, 1893 85 
 
 Plan of the Amphitheater Floor 89 
 
 Plan of Alcoholic Pavilion 95 
 
 PORTRAITS. 
 
 Valentine Mott, M. D. , LL. D i 
 
 James R. Wood, M. D., LL. D 4 
 
 Alonzo Clark, M. D., LL. D 8 
 
 FoRDYCE Barker, M. D., LL. D 12 
 
 William H. Van Buren, M. D., LL. D 20 
 
 Willard Parker, M. D., LL. D 26 
 
 Austin Flint, M. D., LL. D 32 
 
 Isaac E. Taylor, M. D 36 
 
 Frank H. Hamilton, M. D., LL. D 40 
 
 Benjamin W. McCready, M. D 48 
 
 John J. Crane, M. D 52 
 
 Henry B. Sands, M. D 56 
 
 George T. Elliot, M. D 64 
 
 Col. Edward B. Dalton, U. S. A. 68
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 In 1873 the house staff of Bellevue Hospital, feeHng "the 
 desirabihty of possessing some accurate record of those who 
 have served as resident physicians and surgeons in that insti- 
 tution," pubHshed in that year the first catalogue of the Belle- 
 vue staff, being a list of the names from 1850 to 1873. 
 
 After the lapse of fourteen years, the roll of names having 
 increased about twofold, it was thought that another catalogue 
 would be welcomed by every alumnus. The Society of the 
 Alumni of Bellevue Hospital appointed a committee of three 
 to undertake the work, — Drs. F. W. Gwyer, W. W. French, 
 and S. Alexander. This was on December 7, 1887. In 
 January, 1888, this committee was enlarged by the addition 
 of Drs. H. M. Biggs and R. H. Sayre. It suffered a loss dur- 
 ing the summer of this year by the death of Dr. French, who 
 had already done considerable work on the catalogue, and in 
 October of the same year (1888), Dr. R. J. Carlisle was ap- 
 pointed in Dr. French's place. The committee was reorganized 
 in November, 1889, and it then consisted of Drs. Biggs, Gwyer, 
 L. W. Hubbard, Rutson Maury, and Carlisle. On the death 
 of Dr. Maury in 1892, Dr. C. C. Barrows was appointed to 
 fill the vacancy. 
 
 It was at first intended to enlarge only to a slight degree 
 upon the plan of the 1873 catalogue by appending to the name 
 of each interne an outline of his medical career. It, however, 
 became evident to the committee that many interesting facts 
 in the history of the hospital and in that of the staff itself could 
 be obtained which would never see the light in any other 
 form. The scheme, therefore, has been several times altered 
 and enlarged, until the catalogue has assumed its present 
 character. In delaying the publication six years, the commit- 
 tee has been influenced by the desire of making as accurate
 
 viii Preface. 
 
 and complete a book as might be. The greater part of the 
 time has been spent in hunting the records of deceased and 
 missing members of the staff. The first catalogue contains 
 292 names ; we have been able to add to the same period 
 (1850-73) 39 new names. Respecting the lists of internes the 
 records of such gentlemen as were living in 1889 are personal 
 reports, and in 1891 these were verified and brought up to 
 date. The data concerning the deceased were obtained from 
 relatives, obituary notices, college and county records, and the 
 Surgeon-General's Office of the United States Army and of 
 the United States Navy. 
 
 We desire to express our thanks to Mr. H. H. Porter, presi- 
 dent of the Board of Commissioners, and also to the gentle- 
 men of the Medical Board, for their interest in the catalogue, 
 and for their courtesy in allowing us the free use of the records. 
 We are indebted to the Surgeons-General of the Army and the 
 Navy for many and repeated favors. It is impossible to thank 
 individually the large number of the alumni who have so 
 kindly cooperated with us, and who therefore have had a share 
 in the work. We must especially mention, however. Dr. R. 
 M. Wyckoff, of Brooklyn, N. Y., through whom we have 
 found many of the missing members ; and also Drs. A. A. 
 Smith, H. F. Walker, and A. N. Brockway, of this city ; H. 
 L. Smith, of Hudson, N. Y. ; H. K. Olmsted, of Hartford, 
 Conn.; the late Dr. Walter Coles, of St. Louis; and Dr. J. W. 
 Southworth, of Glasgow, Mo. 
 
 All communications should be addressed to the editor, 34 
 West 47th street, New-York City. 
 
 Hermann M. Biggs, ") 
 
 Fred Walker Gwyer, I 
 
 Le Roy Watkins Hubbard, > Cotnmittec. 
 
 Charles C. Barrows, I 
 
 Robert J. Carlisle, J 
 
 New-York., July i, 1893.
 
 Valentine Mott, M. D., LL. D.
 
 AN ACCOUNT OF BELLEVUE 
 HOSPITAL. 
 
 1736-1811. 
 
 BELLEVUE may lay claim to being the oldest hospital now 
 existing in the United States. It traces its origin from 
 the humblest source. It was originally the hospital depart- 
 ment of the New- York City Almshouse, and as such its history 
 covers a period of well nigh one hundred and sixty years. It 
 will be of considerable interest, therefore, to trace the early his- 
 tory of Bellevue and its development from that lowly beginning. 
 In the days of the city of New Amsterdam, what poor there 
 were were maintained at the expense and under the care of 
 the Church. The fund for their support was collected by vol- 
 untary contributions to the poor-boxes and distributed by the 
 officers of the Church, the needy being assisted in their own 
 houses, and such as had no homes being provided with shelter 
 in a house hired for the purpose. This house was for a long 
 time located on the west side of Broad street, just north of 
 Beaver street. Beside this poorhouse the city was at this 
 time provided with a hospital. This was opened when the in- 
 fant city had a population of only about looo, and, further- 
 more, was the first hospital built upon United States soil. 
 Master Jacob Hendrickszen Varrevanger, surgeon to the 
 Dutch West India Company, suggested the establishment of 
 it, which was accordingly done on the 20th December, 1658,
 
 2 An Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 and he was appointed in charge' This institution still re- 
 mained in 1680, for in that year what was known as the "Old 
 Hospital" or "Five houses" was sold, and a better building 
 provided." 
 
 In the early days of the second English administration, the 
 poor were assisted in much the same manner, down to the 
 year 1690 or 1691. The church fund, however, was now in- 
 creased by an appropriation out of the public treasury, tliis 
 fund being disbursed by the mayor, deserving objects of char- 
 ity being recommended by the aldermen, after due investiga- 
 tion in the respective wards by the city constable. In 1691 
 we find the first mention made of Overseers of the Poor. Two 
 were appointed to serve a period of three months, and were 
 to act jointly. In September, 1693, a poor-law was passed 
 by the Assembly, providing among other things for the ap- 
 pointment and support of a good minister in each parish or 
 precinct, and also for the maintenance of the poor by a rea- 
 sonable tax. In 1695 the General Assembly passed an act 
 entitled. An Act to enable the City of New-York to relieve 
 the poor and to defray their necessary and public charges. 
 Accordingly, on October 20 of this year we find it ordered 
 that the overseers of "ye poore &c. doo visitt the several wards 
 of this citty and examine what poor there is that are fit objects 
 of their charity, and make an estimate of what will be neces- 
 sary to be raised for their relief, and make report thereof to the 
 Clerk's office this day fortnight." Pursuant to this order the 
 inspection was made, and the estimate of ;^ 100 for the year 
 was allowed. 
 
 There are no means of knowing the ratio then existing be- 
 tween the number of the pauper class and the total population, 
 but it had increased rapidly in the last years of the seventeenth 
 century; so much so, that by the year 1699 the support of the 
 poor had become quite a burden. In 1697, i" June, the ap- 
 propriation was entirely inadequate, and had to be supple- 
 mented by the addition of about one half The total for the 
 
 1 James Grant Wilson, " Memorial History of New-York." 
 2 J. M. Toner, " Medical Men of tlie Revolution."
 
 An Account of Bellevuc Hospital. 3 
 
 year was £\^^. A census of the city was taken in 1696, and 
 there was found a total population of 4302 souls. Now it 
 must be remembered that this amount of tax-money was in ad- 
 dition to the amount contributed by the Church, and does not 
 represent the total cost of the poor. Taking this as the city's 
 quota, the poor-rate was ;^.036 per capita. Compare this show- 
 ing with that of the city of London, and we find that New-York 
 in those early days was making a very creditable record in the 
 discharge of her duty to the poor. London was in those days 
 fast becoming the first city of the civilized world. In 1695 
 her population was 667,290, and the amount paid to the poor 
 in 1694 was ;^66, 000, or at the rate of ^.091 per capita. Thus 
 New-York, a mere village of 4300 people, contributed for 
 poor-support 40 per cent, the amount per capita that London 
 did — a very creditable showing, assuming the economical ad- 
 ministration of the fund. In 1697 we find Mayor De Peyster 
 negotiating for a house suitable to be used as an asylum for 
 the houseless poor. 
 
 There had up to this time been no general epidemic in the 
 city, and no period of any great sickness among the people. 
 The winter of 1696 proved a bad one in the city, however, 
 both to the poor and the rich. There occurred almost a bread 
 famine in New- York, caused by commercial difficulties between 
 the city and the agricultural districts up the river, owing to 
 which corn was sold elsewhere than in New-York. It became 
 so difficult to get bread that complaint was made to the Com- 
 mon Council that unless some speedy method of relief were 
 devised the inhabitants would not be able to subsist through 
 this emergency. 
 
 In the winter of 17 13-14 the distress among the poor was 
 very great. It was found by the justice and church-war- 
 dens that they were perishing for want of clothing and provi- 
 sions, whereupon ;^iOO was borrowed by the city for their 
 support for six months. The proposition was first made also 
 at this time (March, 1714) for the establishment and building 
 of a poorhouse. A committee of six members of the Common 
 Council was appointed to consider the matter. Nothing, how-
 
 4 An Account of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 ever, for the present was accomplished. It was twenty years 
 before any decided steps were taken in this direction. During 
 this time the city had been growing rapidly in size and im- 
 portance as a shipping port. According to the census of 1731, 
 the city contained 1400 houses, and had a population of 8628. 
 There were many poor, including a proportionately large class 
 of vagabonds and idle beggars. The poor were still boarded at 
 the public expense, or wandered about begging; and because of 
 a totally inadequate police the criminal class had practically a 
 license to do as they pleased. Such a state of things could 
 but foster crime and breed sickness. In 1731 the city suffered 
 its third epidemic of disease, when smallpox raged and was 
 very fatal. Thus it became apparent to those who had the 
 public good at heart that some means must be speedily found 
 to correct these evils, for in consequence thereof life in New- 
 York was rendered exceedingly burdensome. Accordingly, 
 on November 15, 1734, in the mayoralty of Mr. Robert Lur- 
 ting, the Common Council appointed a committee to inquire 
 where a house suitable to be used as a workhouse might be 
 purchased. This committee reported on December 20, 1734, 
 after due investigation, in favor of the erection by the corpora- 
 tion of such a building on unimproved lands belonging to the 
 city, situated on the north side of the lands of the late Colonel 
 Dongan, commonly called the "Vineyard." This recommen- 
 dation was unanimously adopted by the board, and a commit- 
 tee nominated to carry out the measure. They were instructed 
 to lay out sufficient land to admit of additional buildings and 
 other conveniences, should occasion require, and for a yard, 
 garden, etc. They were also instructed in regard to the size 
 of the building to be erected, and, as to the material, it was 
 to be of stone. It was to be called the " Publick Workhouse 
 and House of Correction of the City of New York." The site 
 was that upon which the City Hall now stands. The build- 
 ing was begun in 1735, as soon as the season of the year per- 
 mitted. The committee agreed with one John Roomer for 
 carpenter work and materials at a cost of ;^8o, and for fifty 
 gallons of rum, the corporation "to be at the charge for liquor
 
 James R. Wood, M. D., LL. D.
 
 An Account of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 II 
 
 ji ■ 
 
 The First Poorhouse in New-York, 1736. 
 (By the kind permission of Gen. James Grant Wilson. ) 
 
 at laying the beams and raising the roof." The building 
 was ready for occupancy early in the year 1736. It was fifty- 
 six feet long and twenty-four feet wide, two stories high, with 
 a cellar. In the cellar on the east side were rooms for those 
 put at hard labor and for weaving; in the middle was a store- 
 room for the provisions, and on the west a strong-room or 
 cage for the refractory, be- 
 sides rooms for spinning, 
 carding, etc. On the first 
 floor, to the east, was the 
 general dining-room, up- 
 stairs were quarters for the 
 keeper and his family, and 
 on the west the room es- 
 pecially set apart as the 
 infirmary, and to be used 
 for no other purpose what- 
 ever. Here we have in a 
 room about twenty-five by 
 twenty-three feet, on the upper floor on the Broadway side, 
 the primitive trace of Bellevue Hospital. It contained six 
 beds. Its first medical officer was Dr. John Van Beuren. 
 His salary was ^lOO a year, out of which he was expected 
 to supply his own medicines. 
 
 We would like to have a glimpse of what this hospital was 
 like when its ward was filled ; but no clinical record has been 
 left us. It was not the custom in those days to keep very ex- 
 tended or accurate histories. If we could have entered the 
 ward when Dr. Van Beuren was making his visit, however, we 
 would doubtless have seen faces not very strange to a Bellevue 
 man of to-day. Here is an old and infirm Dutchman, per- 
 haps ; there a Frenchman, next an Irishman, and next, per- 
 haps, Lo, the poor Indian, occupies the bed in which to-day 
 we find John Chinaman. What are the diagnoses? Here are 
 bronchitis and asthma, lues venerea, peripneumonie also, and 
 dropsy of the chest. How did the doctor treat his patients? 
 Let his record tell. Dr. Van Beuren was a Dutchman, born
 
 6 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 in the city of Amsterdam. He came to this city in the early 
 years of the eighteenth century when twenty-two years of 
 age, a graduate of the medical school in Leyden, and a pupil 
 of the illustrious Boerhaave. He enjoyed a large practice in 
 the city, and was appointed to the almshouse position through 
 the influence of the governor of the colony. He served, it is 
 said, until about 1765. At all events, he was succeeded by 
 his youngest son, Beekman, who held the position at the out- 
 break of the Revolution. Another son, Abraham, was a phy- 
 sician also, and the grandfather of the late Professor William 
 H. Van Buren of this city. We may be sure that his patients 
 were treated upon the wisest and most enlightened plan. The 
 era of hospital-building was just setting in in Europe, and 
 when we remember that his renowned preceptor was one of 
 the first to teach that strict cleanliness and pure air, with sim.- 
 ple buildings, were the first and truest principles of hospital 
 management, we may feel assured that the young hospital had 
 been intrusted to proper hands. In those early days the little 
 city of New-York had many more than her share of a class of 
 individuals which is not yet entirely extinct, persons who de- 
 mand of the public both its money and its life. The quacks 
 and charlatans far outnumbered the real physicians. It is 
 said that in 1745 there were at least forty such so-called phy- 
 sicians and surgeons in the city (which had then a population 
 of about 9000), very few, indeed, of whom had ever seen the 
 inside of a medical school. The almshouse, therefore, was 
 fortunate in having as its medical officer so competent a man 
 as John Van Beuren. In the absence of any records of the 
 first almshouse, we cannot tell how many patients the doc- 
 tor had under his charge, for we fear the capacity of the ward 
 is not an absolute indication of the number often found there. 
 The first superintendent of the house was John Sebring, ap- 
 pointed March 31, 1736. His official title was Keeper of the 
 House of Correction and Master of the Workhouse and Poor- 
 house. He lived in the house with his family. His salary 
 was ;^30 a year, with board and lodging. Besides this he had 
 such perquisites as these: refractory servants and slaves could
 
 A 71 Accoimt of Bellevue Hospital. 7 
 
 be sent to the house for punishment at a charge of one shil- 
 hng entrance fee, seven pence a day while kept, and one shil- 
 ling on discharge; for whipping and other punishment, 1^. 6d. 
 additional. This privilege of having servants thus cared for 
 seems to have been in common use by the public. It made, 
 at any rate, considerable addition to the income of the keeper. 
 In 1 764 we find it recorded that the keeper received an allowance 
 of ^20 in consequence of there having been no whipper in the 
 house for a considerable time. 
 
 Under this narrow roof were confined the maniac and the 
 unruly, the poor, the aged, and the infirm. But "workhouse" 
 was no misnomer. The vicious were put to hard labor for the 
 common good. An industrial school was carried on for in- 
 struction in sewing, knitting, spinning, and weaving, and in 
 working in leather and in iron; and the skilled among the 
 pauper inmates were made to teach the parish orphan children 
 these useful trades, and in the garden the young agricultural 
 idea was instructed how to shoot. Thus was carried on whole- 
 some penitentiary, and of its kind apprentice labor for the moral 
 and material profit of the whole community — a state of things 
 which organized labor of to-day would have suppressed; but 
 the walking delegate had not, as yet, come from the skies in 
 aid of the workingman. 
 
 As regards the sanitary condition of the house, it must, on 
 the whole, have been excellent. The site was a most salu- 
 brious one, on the very outskirts of the city, and on compara- 
 tively high ground. The city, in those days, did not extend 
 beyond the present line of Cortlandt street on the west ; 
 above that was the King's Farm. To the south and east, but 
 some distance away, was Beekman's Swamp, and about 1740 
 this was drained and cultivated. On the line of the present 
 Park Row, and extending north and eastward, was the High 
 Road to Boston. Between this and Broadway, on what was 
 called the Commons, was the almshouse. In 1745 the stock- 
 ades were built as a protection against the French and Indians. 
 These commenced at the house of Mr. Desbrosses in Cherry 
 street (which, according to Valentine, was the last house on the
 
 8 
 
 An Accou)it of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 East River to as far north as Kip's Bay), and ran in a direct 
 line to Windmill Lane ; from thence they went across the city 
 in the rear of the poorhouse to Dominie's Hook on the North 
 River. Near the almshouse grounds, but outside the pali- 
 sades, was a powder- house, and it became necessary at the 
 opening of the winter of 1746, for the safety of this building, 
 
 to have a watch-house built 
 within the fortifications. 
 
 Early in this year it had 
 become necessary to make 
 extensive additions and re- 
 pairs to the workhouse and 
 almshouse, the total cost 
 of which, including that of 
 the watch-house, was about 
 ;^620. It is not known what 
 alterations were made, but 
 from a reference in the rec- 
 ords to the "old" building 
 it seems probable that an 
 addition of considerable size was erected. It would be weari- 
 some to tell the details in the history of this building, or the 
 various changes in the management ; nor is it necessary in 
 order to give an idea of the general condition of the young 
 hospital. 
 
 Nothing further of any consequence is known down to the 
 period of the Revolution. In 1757 a small area was set apart 
 within the grounds for the burial of such of the inmates as 
 gave up the fight within. In 1776, just as the city was to be 
 given over to the British, the inmates were transferred to 
 Poughkeepsie, there to remain until the close of the war. 
 The house at this time was under the medical charge of Beek- 
 man Van Beuren (who had succeeded his father some ten 
 years previously), and under the superintendence of Alexan- 
 der Forbes. The house in the city then came under the care 
 of another, who was authorized to draw king's rations for nine 
 months for the poor and refractory received into the building. 
 
 Plan of the Vicinity of the Poorhouse, 1763
 
 Aloiizo Clark, M. D., LL. D. 
 
 [From a photograph loaned by Dr. Francis Delafield.]
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. g 
 
 After the great fire of September 21, 1776, about three hun- 
 dred destitute were admitted. In a daily paper of the time is 
 an order from one in authority whereby five or six EngHsh 
 soldiers were sent unarmed to convey a crazy woman to the 
 almshouse. This gives a faint glimpse of the appearance of 
 things during these stormy times. 
 
 After the evacuation in 1783, on the return of the poor 
 from up the river, several outbuildings were erected to 
 increase the accommodation. After the war the distress in 
 the city was exceedingly great ; the number of the poor was 
 much larger than it had been, and the tax very burdensome. 
 Charity sermons were preached in all the churches, and a 
 commission appointed to investigate the almshouse recom- 
 mended a more economical management. In 1775 the poor- 
 tax amounted to ;^4.233 ; this, based on the census of 1773 
 (2 1,876), was about £. 189 per capita. This in itself was a heavy 
 tax, but now, when the people were suffering from the effects of 
 the war, the tax was a most grievous one. On the 30th June, 
 1784, ^1000 was advanced to the almshouse, to be repaid out 
 of the poor-tax. The almshouse and bridewell were at this time 
 under the immediate management of the mayor and recorder, 
 in conjunction with the vestrymen and the aldermen and 
 assistant aldermen. The record of the census taken at the 
 almshouse on the 14th November, 1785, shows a total of 
 301, 115 of whom were males. Unfortunately, it is impossi- 
 ble to state the number of those who were patients in the 
 hospital, but from these facts it may be concluded that the 
 hospital was full, if not overflowing. 
 
 This house was occupied by its tenants until 1796. Two 
 years before, steps had been taken to build a new one, the old 
 being then utterly unfit and altogether too small to accommo- 
 date the demands made upon it. To carry out this purpose, 
 in January, 1794, the Common Council applied to the Legis- 
 lature for authority to raise the sum of ;^io,ooo by means of 
 a public lottery. This the Legislature granted. The site se- 
 lected was a fine one directly in the rear of the old building, on 
 what is now the north side of Chambers street. It was finished
 
 lo All Accoiuit of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 in 1796, and the paupers were removed to it on May 20 of that 
 year. It is said that in 18 16 the old schoolhouse belonging 
 to the first almshouse was still standing. The number of in- 
 mates at the time of this transfer was 622, more than double 
 the number of ten years before, and only 102 of these being 
 of native birth. The new house was three stories high, 260 
 feet long, 44 feet wide, with two projections in front of 1 5 x 30 
 feet. It was surrounded by open courts and gardens, and was 
 therefore a much more pretentious building than its prede- 
 cessor. Nevertheless, it was not destined to remain long the 
 home of the poor. 
 
 Such is the history of the almshouse down to 181 1. In 
 view of the meagerness of the facts obtainable, it has been 
 necessary, in order to convey some idea of the character of the 
 infirmary, to go somewhat into detail concerning the poor- 
 house — more perhaps than would otherwise be warranted. 
 Now, however, we have arrived at the period when the third 
 almshouse was about to be built and the hospital department 
 thenceforward gradually to become the most important part 
 of the establishment. 
 
 II. 
 
 181 1 -1847. 
 
 The almshouse, built only fifteen years before, w'as now 
 altogether too small. The city, which at that time was the 
 second in importance (Philadelphia being then the larger), 
 and which had a population of about 36,000, had now, accord- 
 ing to the census of 1810, a population of 96,373, and was 
 rapidly superseding the Pennsylvania town as the metropoli- 
 tan city of America. The increase of the poorer class was 
 augmented by the great distress and business troubles follow- 
 ing in the wake of the terrible epidemics of yellow fever which 
 had occurred in the city almost every year from 1794 to 1805.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. ii 
 
 The disease, it might be said, was endemic here. The poorer 
 parts of the town, notably along the water-front, were hot- 
 beds of the plague. The streets and gutters reeked with filth ; 
 sewers were mere open canals where refuse of all sorts found 
 its way to the river. Many of the streets were unpaved. In 
 1805, it is said, between 26,000 and 27,000 persons fled from 
 the city to the surrounding towns ; many went to the village 
 of Greenwich, some two or three miles distant. 
 
 In 1807 the city obtained permission from the Legislature 
 to lay out a plan of streets, and a period of great municipal 
 improvement began. It was soon after this time, during the 
 mayoralty of Hon. De Witt Clinton, that negotiations were 
 begun for the purchase of a site whereon to establish a new 
 almshouse and penitentiary on an elaborate scale. It was on 
 April 17, 181 1, that a special meeting of the Common Coun- 
 cil was called to consider an offer which had been received 
 from the heirs of the Kip family to sell a part of the old Kip's 
 Bay Farm. A committee was appointed at this meeting to 
 treat with the Kips, and to purchase the site at a price not 
 exceeding $3500 an acre. The bargain was made a few days 
 later on this basis. The survey made by William Bridges, 
 the city surveyor, showed that the plot contained 6 acres, 
 I rood, 28 perches, 87 square feet. It was bounded on the 
 north by the property of Samuel Jones, Jr., by a line running 
 nearly coincident with Twenty- eighth street from the river to 
 a street on the Kip Farm called Cornelius street, almost on 
 the line of the present Second Avenue, thence along this 
 street to the southward of Maria street (between Twenty-sixth 
 and Twenty-seventh streets), to the northerly boundary of the 
 Belle Vue place which already belonged to the corporation in 
 fee simple and whereon there already stood the first building 
 to bear the name of Belle Vue Hospital. 
 
 It is necessary to go back seventeen years, to 1794, to learn 
 the history of this purchase. It was in the beginning of the worst 
 yellow-fever period the city had experienced. The State gov- 
 ernment had represented to the city authorities the necessity 
 of providing some place of isolation for persons afflicted with
 
 12 
 
 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 The Vicinity of Kip's Bay in 1767. 
 
 the malignant fever. The most elii^ible place that presented 
 itself was that belonging to Mr. Brockholst Livingston, and situ- 
 ated on the East River, "opposite the three-mile stone." It was 
 then held under lease from Mr. Livingston by Nicholas Devise. 
 This lease, which was to run for six years, could be purchased 
 for ^2000. In view, therefore, of the exposed condition of the 
 
 city, and in order to allay the 
 fears of the citizens, it was 
 determined to purchase this 
 lease. Mr. Robert Lenox, in 
 behalf of the board, concluded 
 the purchase in 1794. This 
 plot was about five acres in 
 extent, and had been once a 
 part of the Kip's Bay Farm. 
 It was conveyed by Jacobus 
 Kip about the year 1765 to 
 Peter Keteltas ; by him to Mar- 
 tin Hoffman, and by him in turn to Robert Leake, in 1772. 
 Leake gave to the place the name of Belle View. In 1781 it 
 was again sold, and in 1783 it came into the possession of 
 Lindley Murray. The latter gentleman, while residing in 
 England in 1793, whither he had retired at the close of the 
 War of Independence, conveyed this property through his 
 attorne\-s to Mr. Brockholst Livingston, who retained the name 
 but with a different spelling, — Belle Vue, — and this is the 
 genealogy of the name. 
 
 In 1794 a number of cases of yellow fever had occurred in 
 the city, and the fears of the populace and of the authorities 
 that it would appear in New-York again the next summer 
 were to be fully justified by the facts. The committee 
 appointed to make the necessary preparations at the pest- 
 house began in October, 1794, to make ready the buildings, 
 the principal one being a two-story and attic structure. The 
 epidemic began early the next summer. On the 29th of 
 May the ship Antoinette arrived in the harbor, and came up 
 to the dock at Whitehall. Two of the crew were sick, and
 
 Fordyce Barker, M. D., LL. D.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 13 
 
 were sent to Belle Vue by Health Ofificer Richard Bayley. 
 The hospital was in charge of Dr. John McFarlane, who acted 
 under the authority of the Commissioners of Health. 
 
 In the city at large the fever created great consternation ; 
 many of the inhabitants fled the town, and business was at a 
 standstill. The deaths numbered 732. In 1796 the fever did 
 not begin until the middle of August, when the first arrivals 
 in the harbor were on the New-York and Philadelphia packet. 
 The captain had died at sea, and the mate was sick on arrival 
 and was sent to Belle Vue. The hospital was not largely used 
 this year because the Health Commission fitted up a new 
 pest-house on Bedloe's Island, and used this place as a quar- 
 antine station. The beds and bedding which had been used 
 the year before at Belle Vue were taken to this hospital. 
 Health Officer Bayley, in a letter to Governor Jay, reported 
 that these articles were in a very filthy state, and that within 
 eight days after they were brought from Belle Vue those who 
 had transported them, together with the nurses and the stew- 
 ard of the house, were attacked with fever, the attending physi- 
 cian, Monsieur Bouvier, also being indisposed for several days. 
 These valuable articles were not a gift of the city, however, 
 for the Health Officer paid the corporation a stipend for their 
 use. The city, generally speaking, was free from the fever 
 from 1796 to 1798, and the hospital at Belle Vue was not used. 
 The building during these years was occupied by one Smith 
 Fisher, but for what purpose is not clear ; there is a suspicion 
 that it was as a public house, however, for in March, 1798, when 
 sealed proposals were made for the place, it was determined 
 by the Common Council before opening the bids that it should 
 not be used for any such purpose. 
 
 The Board of Health rented it again on April 2, 1798. 
 The yellow fever made great ravages in the city during the 
 summer. The deaths numbered 2080 from July to November, 
 and it is estimated that 1000 persons besides died from its 
 eftects. The population at this time was about 60,489 (census 
 of 1800), nearly doubled in ten years. 
 
 Belle Vue was opened on June 12 under the care of Dr.
 
 14 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 Isaac S. Douglass. From that date to November 14, 389 
 patients were admitted, perliaps three quarters of whom were 
 sick with pestilential fevers. There were sixteen nurses em- 
 ployed. Dr. Douglass himself contracted the disease, but he 
 traced the infection in his case to his having visited friends in 
 New -York and having slept in a highly infected part of the 
 city. Three days after his return to Belle Vue he was seized 
 with the fever. He ultimately recovered, and in December of 
 that year he was asked by the Health Commissioners to trace 
 the source of infection in his own case. In his reply he gives 
 some interesting facts in regard to the interior arrangements 
 of the hospital : " The health office boatmen who were in the 
 habit of bringing the sick to Belle Vue from the city and ship- 
 ping, were accustomed to enter the hospital at all times, and 
 to assist in placing as well as moving the sick from room to 
 room. The number of the washerwomen during this period 
 was seven. Several persons were employed constantly in 
 cooking, cleaning, and in burying the dead. There were 
 besides transient people, near relatives of the sick, who 
 were permitted by the commissioners to visit occasionally. • 
 Several persons accompanied their friends to Belle Vue, stayed 
 with them and nursed them during their illness. Under all 
 these circumstances there happened to my knowledge no 
 instance of infection, although an opinion has been adopted 
 by many that my sickness, whilst residing at Belle Vue Hos- 
 pital, arose from infection imbibed at that place. 
 In making this declaration, I must remark to you that the 
 situation of the medical attendants at Belle Vue was by no 
 means a propitious one. Before the new buildings were 
 erected for the accommodation of the sick, the physicians' 
 room (the only one they had) was literally surrounded by 
 them (the sick). The room adjoining the front and back 
 piazzas, the hall, the rooms and hall in the second story, a 
 room in the cellar that had been used for a kitchen, all con- 
 tained sick. They were likewise placed in several Chinese 
 summer-houses in the small space between the main house 
 and the East River; and in the building erected for the pur-
 
 An Accotmt of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 15 
 
 pose of a bathing-house. A large canvas was also erected 
 (for want of a more convenient place) under the windows of 
 the southwest part of the house for the reception of the dying 
 and the dead. Under all the disadvantages enumerated, I 
 know of no instance where infection resulted." ^ 
 
 The corporation paid Mr. Brockholst Livingston in April of 
 this year the sum of ^1800, and the Belle Vue Farm became 
 
 1^ Belle VuE 
 
 Vicinity of Belle Vue in 1803. 
 
 the property of the city in fee ..„,, ,, ,^. . . , . ^, 
 
 simple. Again there is a period '] ^^^j^^p^p|t=^ 
 during which no patients were 
 sent to Belle Vue Hospital. For 
 five years, from 1798 to 1803, 
 there is only the record of repairs 
 being made and care-takers ap- 
 pointed. 
 
 In 1 80 1, although there was 
 some need of the hospital for 
 fever patients, the hospitals and 
 tents in the bay being crowded, 
 the Health Commissioners did not accede to the request of Dr. 
 Bayley to again rent Belle Vue, but instead put up additional 
 buildings on Bedloe's Island. In 1803 the pestilence was 
 again rife, and 700 deaths occurred in the city. Belle Vue 
 was opened on the 12th August, and Dr. Isaac Foster was 
 put in charge. From this date until the 29th October 186 
 patients were admitted. Of these 100 were males; 21 of the 
 186 were colored. Only a small portion were natives and 
 residents of New -York, the principal part being immigrants 
 from Ireland and Germany, most of whom had recently ar- 
 rived. The number of deaths in the hospital this season just 
 equaled the number of recoveries. After this, the hospital 
 was again vacant till the summer of 1805. In the spring of 
 this year the premises were handed over to the Health De- 
 partment by the Common Council, and used during the epi- 
 demic which again afflicted the city, but which, when it had 
 spent its force, was not to reappear for fourteen years. The 
 
 1 Dr. I. S. Douglass to John Oothout, Esq., Chairman Com. Health Office, N. Y., 
 Dec. 17, 1798. — "Medical Repository"
 
 i6 A?i Account of Belleviic Hospital. 
 
 number of cases reported to the health authorities during this 
 season was about 600, the deaths about 340, including those 
 in the city and at Belle Vue, and at the Marine Hospital on 
 Staten Island. In 1806 there is a record of a smallpox patient 
 having been sent from the almshouse to Belle Vue ; but with 
 this exception we do not hear of the place again for five 
 years, when it appears in the records as the southern boundary 
 of the plot of ground already described which was bought of 
 the heirs of Samuel Kip. Thus the history of the first hospi- 
 tal to boar the name Belle Vue is to all intents and purposes 
 the history of the epidemics of yellow fever which ravaged 
 the city for eleven years. During this period there was an 
 exodus every year from the city at the beginning of the hot 
 season of all those who were able by any means to go. They 
 fled to Greenwich and Bloomingdale, to the northward and 
 other neighboring villages, and the city was left to the indi- 
 gent whites and the negroes, which latter class acted as atten- 
 dants on the sick and buried the dead. It is difficult to state 
 exactly the average mortality of the city at that time, but it is 
 estimated at about one to thirty ; in London at the same time 
 it was about one to fifty. An enumeration made after the 
 disappearance of the epidemic sickness in 1805 shows a popu- 
 lation of 75,770, including 1906 free negroes and 2048 slaves. 
 The number of deaths from all causes in 1805 was 2352. 
 
 To return to the time of the purchase of the site for the new 
 almshouse in 181 1. Some of the history of this plot has been 
 given already in the account of the Belle Vue place. The 
 balance of the plot that lay to the northward of the Belle Vue 
 place and the major part of the ground just bought by the city 
 was a portion of the old Kip' estate, and had been known for 
 nearly a hundred and fifty years as the Kip's Bay Farm. 
 Some time prior to 1643 there came from Holland to the city 
 of New Amsterdam, Hendrick Hendrickszen Kip, a tailor by 
 trade, with his wife Tryntje (Catherine) and five children. One 
 of these children was named Jacob Hendrickszen ; he was 
 born in 1631. It was either the father or the son who ob- 
 tained a grant of a farm of 150 acres on the East River along
 
 An Account of Belleznie Hospital. 
 
 17 
 
 Old Dutch House at Kip's Bay. 
 
 (From Valentine's " Manual.") 
 
 that part of the shore extending from about Twenty-sixth 
 street northward to Turtle Bay, or to about the Hne of Forty- 
 first street — or, in other words, at Kip's Bay. The family 
 lived for many years in the city of New Amsterdam. In 1654 
 the son Jacob married, and in the following year built him- 
 self a house on the farm and went there to live. This house 
 stood some distance from 
 the river on the line of 
 Thirty-fifth street. It was 
 built of Holland brick, and 
 remained until 1696. Over 
 the door was carved, in 
 stone, it is said, the arms 
 of the family. Their motto 
 was Vestigia niitla retror- 
 siim. This house was torn 
 down in 1696 and another built on its site, which latter re- 
 mained for 150 years (until 185 i), when it went the way of all 
 landmarks, to make room for Thirty-fifth street. Five genera- 
 tions of Kips were born under this roof; Jacob Kip died 
 in 1690, having served several terms as schepen under the 
 Dutch rule. 
 
 This spot has a historical interest in Revolutionary annals. 
 The massing of the troops in and around New-York in April, 
 1776, compelled the use for barrack accommodations (as this 
 was the more immediate need) of such places as could easily 
 be turned into hospitals. On the recommendation of the Com- 
 mittee of Safety, the Queen's College and also the unfinished 
 New- York Hospital were so used. And it became absolutely 
 necessary, in view of the probability of a general engagement 
 in the effort to retain New-York, that extra hospital accommo- 
 dation should be provided. These facts led the Director- 
 Genei-al, Dr. Morgan, to apply to the New-York State Con- 
 vention for the assignment of houses for hospital purposes. 
 Among many others assigned were Mr. Watts' house and the 
 Widow Leake's house, both near Kip's Bay. The result of 
 the battle of Long Island, however, changed all these plans,
 
 1 8 A 71 Accoutit of Dcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 and these houses were not occupied by the Medical Corps. 
 Soon after the American troops were forced to retire from 
 Boston, March, 1776, preparations were made in and about 
 New- York to receive the British, and military works were 
 erected at Kip's Bay among other places. It was in Septem- 
 ber of this year that Kip's Bay was the scene of action. 
 
 After Washington had made his memorable retreat and had 
 decided to evacuate New-York, he took most of the army up 
 the Kingsbridge road to Harlem Heights, stationing some at 
 Kip's Bay to detain the British until General Putnam, who, 
 with four thousand men, was still in the city, could make good 
 his retreat and join him. 
 
 When Howe began to cross the river, Washington brought 
 down a brigade of Connecticut troops to reinforce the detach- 
 ment at Kip's Bay. These troops, however, at the approach of 
 the enemy became panic-stricken and made a most ignoble 
 flight. Washington himself attempted to rally them, riding 
 up and down the shore of the river, and in the midst of the 
 cannonading, but in vain. The troops made scarcely a stand, 
 and Washington was forced to retire in anger and disgust. 
 
 Sir William Howe landed on Sunday, September 15, 1776, 
 at a point of rocks a few hundred yards from the ancient Kip 
 mansion. There was a skirmish with the Americans in the 
 rear of the house, but the latter soon retired. The troops 
 were landed under cover of fire from the fleet which for several 
 days previous had been assembling in the river. An eye- 
 witness who viewed the scene from the Long Island shore 
 says: "The army crossed the East River in open flat-boats 
 which were filled with soldiers standing erect, their arms all 
 glittering in the sunbeams. They approached the British fleet 
 in Kip's Bay in the form of a crescent caused by the force of 
 the tide breaking the intended line of boat after boat. They 
 all closed up in the rear of the fleet, when all the vessels opened 
 a heavy cannonade." 
 
 After the landing, and when General Howe was about to fol- 
 low the retreating army, Mrs. Robert Murray of Murray Hill, 
 knowing that Putnam had not yet passed up from the city and
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 19 
 
 must surely be captured if Howe proceeded, invited the gen- 
 eral to dine with her. This hospitality was accepted, a general 
 halt was ordered, and the American troops escaped. 
 
 The old Kip house was found by the British to be vacant. 
 The family were Whigs. It was the very house, therefore, to 
 be taken for the use of the British officers. It is said that here 
 several officers of distinction in the British army refreshed 
 themselves — Sir William Howe and Sir Henry Clinton, Lord 
 Percy also, and General Knyphausen, and the unfortunate 
 Major Andre; and later still, in 1780, the same house was the 
 headquarters of Colonel Williams, commanding the Sixtieth 
 Royal Americans, a regiment organized in 1755 for service in 
 the French and Indian War. 
 
 Both the Kip's Bay Farm and the adjoining Rose Hill Farm 
 were among the most fertile on Manhattan Island, and certainly 
 there was no fairer spot or one which better deserved the name 
 of Belle Vue. Before the war all north of Chatham street was 
 "a country smiling with orchards and gardens," and by the 
 end of the century it had recovered some, if not all, of its for- 
 mer beauty. Dr. Francis thus describes the place as it ap- 
 peared at about this time: "On the eastern side of the island 
 was the well-known Kip's Farm preeminently distinguished for 
 its grateful fruits, the plum, the peach, the pear, and the apple, 
 and for its classic culture of the rosaceae. Here the elite often 
 repaired, and here our Washington, now invested with presiden- 
 tial honors, made an excursion, and was presented with the 
 Rosa Gallica, an exotic first introduced into this country in 
 this garden." This must truly have been a lovely spot. Re- 
 tired as it was from the busy city, its quiet was but once dis- 
 turbed by the roar and clash of arms. Had it been the inten- 
 tion to erect a large hospital such as Bellevue has grown to be, 
 a better place could not have been found. This is the early 
 history of the property acquired by the city for the new estab- 
 lishment. The money paid to the Kip estate for the plot 
 bought in 181 1 was $22,494.50. The deed is dated April 20. 
 
 On the 29th April the Common Council appointed a com- 
 mittee on ground and buildings, and $100 was offered for a
 
 20 A 71 Account of BcUcvue Hospital. 
 
 plan. This was awarded to Alderman Hoghland for his plan, 
 which was accepted May 27. 
 
 The corner-stone of the almshouse was laid on July 29, 181 1, 
 by the Hon. De Witt Clinton, mayor. It lies on the south- 
 east corner of the chapel, and it bears the following inscription: 
 
 The corner-stone of the Alms House of the City of New- York was laid 
 by order of the Common Council 
 
 BY 
 
 De Witt Clinton, Esquire Mayor 
 
 Pierre C. Van Wyck Recorder 
 
 Peter Mesier Alderman 
 
 Samuel Jones, Junior Assistant 
 
 Thomas Carpenter Alderman 
 
 Peter Hawes Assistan 
 
 Charles Dickinson Alderman ) -n ■ j u/ ^ 
 
 Augustine H. Lawrence Assistant \ ^ '"^'^ warn. 
 
 n 
 
 First Ward. 
 Second Ward. 
 
 Fourth Ward. 
 
 Ward. 
 Sixth Ward. 
 Seventh Ward. 
 > Eighth Ward. 
 Ninth Ward. 
 Tenth Ward. 
 
 Richard Cunningham Alderman 
 
 Elisha W. King Assistant 
 
 William Hoghland Alderman ) p.. , 
 
 John Morss Assistant \ " 
 
 William Torrey Alderman 
 
 Isaac S. Douglass = . Assistant 
 
 George Buckmaster Alderman 
 
 Michael M. Titus Assistant 
 
 Caleb Peli Alderman 
 
 William Willing Assistant 
 
 Nicholas Fish Alderman 
 
 William A. Haruenbrook Assistant 
 
 John Pell Alderman 
 
 Abraham Van Gelden, Junior Assistant 
 
 Nicholas Fish "1 
 
 Augustine H. Lawrence | 
 
 John Morss J- Building Committee. 
 
 Peter Hawes ... 
 Elisha W. King 
 
 William Hoghland, Architect. 
 
 During the year 181 1 the work made rapid progress, 
 and on November 27 the building committee reported that 
 $45,791.90 represented the value of the work already done. 
 But in the ensuing eighteen months little advance was made. 
 In 1812 our trouble with England culminated, and the people 
 had much more important business on hand than the build- 
 ing of almshouses. The work was practically at a standstill 
 while preparations were made by the city authorities for war.
 
 William H. Van Buren, M. D., LL. D.
 
 An Account of Bellevite Hospital. 
 
 21 
 
 On June 25, 1812, the Common Council ordered the building 
 committee to retrench as much as possible, but it was not 
 thought necessary to entirely stop work. It is not until the 
 fall of 1 8 14, however, that any very perceptible advance can 
 be recorded. The building committee purchased an addi- 
 tional plot of ground on June 22 of this year from Samuel 
 Jones, Jr., in order to adjust 
 the northern boundary. It 
 was a triangular piece run- 
 ning 50 feet on the river and 
 about 235 feet northwesterly 
 toward Second Avenue and 
 Twenty-eighth street. They 
 paid $3000 for it. Negotia- 
 tions for this plot had begun 
 in September, 181 1. From 
 now on the building pro- 
 gressed to completion. In 
 August, 1 8 14, the committee 
 were in some financial diffi- 
 culty, but the Mechanics' 
 Bank promptly offered to 
 loan $50,000 for one year, the city to pay by a bond of the 
 corporation bearing six per cent, interest. The Common 
 Council passed resolutions of thanks, and complimented the 
 bank upon the prompt and handsome manner in which it 
 came to the rescue. Two hundred men were employed on 
 the work at this time. 
 
 On April 22, 18 16, the Bellevue committee reported that 
 the buildings were ready to receive their guests, and steps were 
 at once taken to formally open the establishment. It was on 
 the 29th of the same month at high noon that this was done. 
 On this day the members of the council, with their families 
 and friends, met in the new chapel on the grounds, and divine 
 services were held. The Reverend John Stanford, chaplain 
 of the almshouse, officiated. This gentleman had been con- 
 nected with the institution for many years. He wrote a short 
 
 Hon. De Witt Clinton.
 
 22 
 
 A 71 Accou7it of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 sketch called "A History of the Poor in New- York City," 
 which may be found in Valentine's " Manual of the Corpora- 
 tion for 1862," and to which we are indebted. 
 
 Of the buildings comprising the new Bellevue establishment, 
 a special interest attaches to the two hospital pavilions and to 
 the almshouse itself, the latter the more as it was destined to be 
 
 Plan of the Grounds in 181 7. 
 
 the home of Bcllcv^ue Hospital as it is known to-day. This 
 building, as were all of the structures of stone comprising the 
 group, is built of gneiss rock found on the spot, or in the 
 vicinity. It was originally erected in three stories, 325 feet by 
 55 feet, with two wings, a north and a south, each 100 feet by 
 55 feet. The center building had an attic story with a cu- 
 pola. It contained sixty apartments, ranging from 45 feet by 
 28 feet, to 30 feet by 24 feet, of which forty-one rooms were 
 for the use of paupers. There was also a chapel 60 feet by 45 
 feet, and which had an elevation of 30 feet. It also contained 
 two dining-rooms, office, and tailor's room, and in one of the
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 23 
 
 wings were two cells; the lying-in apartment was also here — 
 in the north wing the ward for white patients, in the south 
 that for colored. 
 
 This building stands to-day, but was in 18 16 much nearer 
 the river, the high-water line coming up to within half a block 
 of First Avenue at that time. In the rear of this were two struc- 
 tures — one a workshop or factory, three stories high and 200 
 feet long by 25 feet wide, and one of stone, two stories and 
 100 feet by 25 feet, designed as the penitentiary. These names 
 sufficiently describe what the buildings contained. In the for- 
 mer, on the first floor, the male paupers worked at weaving; on 
 the upper floors were the school- rooms and rooms for spinners 
 and workers in leather ; in the basement women from the prison 
 worked at picking oakum, the color-line being drawn, one 
 room containing white and the other colored prisoners. The 
 school was described by a visitor in 1828 as being "well-con- 
 ducted, the children orderly, clean, and decently clothed, and 
 in good health." It was under the control of the Public School 
 Society of the city. A Sunday-school was also conducted on 
 the premises. 
 
 The sites of these buildings were both westward of First 
 Avenue, directly in the rear of the main building. To the 
 north and the south of these sites, and at right angles to 
 them, were the hospitals, built of brick, 75 feet in length by 
 25 feet in width. They stood one on the north, on line 
 with the south side of the present Twenty-eighth street, 
 and the other on the north side of the present Twenty-sixth 
 street. One was for male, the other for female patients. They 
 each contained six rooms. In the adjacent part of the grounds 
 there was a dead-house, with two engine-houses close by. To 
 the southeastward of the almshouse stood the home of the 
 superintendent of the establishment, who was also one of the 
 commissioners of the almshouse department. His house 
 was surrounded by a spacious garden, with greenhouse, ice- 
 house, and summer-house attached. There were also in this 
 part of the grounds to the westward a bakehouse, a wash- 
 house, a soap-factory, and a building for carpenters, black-
 
 24 ^^i Accou?it of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 smiths, and oakum-pickers, a barn, cart-house, and houses for 
 stewards and gate-keepers. The total cost complete, as re- 
 ported to the Common Council Board on February 9, 181 8, 
 was $421,109.56. One thousand dollars more must be ad- 
 ded to this, because subsequently the same year the grounds 
 were further extended at an outlay of that sum, so that they 
 finally reached to Second Avenue on the west, and from 
 Twenty-eighth street on the north to Twenty-fourth street 
 on the south. The whole was inclosed by a stone wall ten 
 feet in height, and it was known as the Bellevue Establish- 
 ment. This new portion was once a part of the old Rose Hill 
 Farm, before the Revolution the property of Mr. John W'atts. 
 This gentleman was the son of Robert Watts of Rose Hill, near 
 Edinburgh, Scotland, and Mary NicoU of Islip, Long Isl- 
 and, and was born in New- York city in 171 5. In 1775 Mr. 
 Watts went to England, where the opinions he expressed lost 
 him his property here. It was confiscated to the crown in 
 1779. After the war the most valuable portion of his estate 
 was restored to his sons Robert and John. Mr. Watts died in 
 Wales in 1789.^ Thus may be sketched the history of the growth 
 of the almshouse from its small beginning in 1736, when its vari- 
 ous divisions were comprised under one roof, through eighty 
 years of its existence, to that period when any one of its de- 
 partments was larger than the entire institution in the early 
 days, and required the immense establishment that has just 
 been described, and which ere long was itself to be crowded 
 to its fullest capacity. From this time onward the infirmary be- 
 comes a more and more important department of the concern. 
 When the paupers were transferred to the new establishment, 
 the old almshouse was leased rent free for ten years to the 
 following societies : Scudder's American Museum, the Acad- 
 emy of Arts, New- York Historical Society, the Lyceum for 
 the Deaf and Dumb, and Professor Griscom's Chemical Lec- 
 tures. The name of the New-York Institution was given to 
 the whole. Rooms were also reserved for the executive 
 
 1 Passengers along Twenty-si.xth street might have read until within a year or two, 
 over a doorway near Second Avenue, the legend, "The Rose Hill Grocery," and there 
 is at present near the same place " The Rose Hill Laundry."
 
 An A ceo lint of Belleviie Hospital. 25 
 
 offices of the almshouse department. This building was de- 
 stroyed by fire in 1855. 
 
 Let us now take a view of the executive part of the alms- 
 house department, and especially of its medical department, 
 which latter will hereafter absorb the most of our attention. 
 
 On the return of the poor to their original quarters at the 
 advent of peace, a plan was demanded for the better manage- 
 ment of the almshouse. The war had greatly increased the 
 number of poor and rendered the tax more burdensome. The 
 change was made in June, 1784, when Hon. James Duane was 
 mayor of the city, and the institutions, as has been already de- 
 tailed, were placed under the immediate government of the 
 mayor and recorder, who acted in conjunction with the ves- 
 trymen, and of the aldermen, who acted with the assistant 
 aldermen or common councilmen. These latter, by committee, 
 were to visit the establishment quarterly, in February, May, 
 August, and November, But in January, 1798, the Common 
 Council represented to the State Legislature that they were 
 overburdened, and unjustly so, by the support of pauper immi- 
 grants, who outnumbered legitimate wards of the city, and as 
 a result the Legislature passed an act giving the Common 
 Council discretionary powers in regard to the regulation of 
 the almshouse. In pursuance of this act, on April 19, 1798, 
 five commissioners were appointed, and called Commissioners 
 of the Almshouse. Again, in 1800, a change was made, and 
 the Board of Almshouse Commissioners was reduced to three 
 members. One of these was to be chairman of the board and 
 to act at the same time as superintendent of the almshouse. 
 He was to receive an adequate salary. The office of keeper 
 of the almshouse, which had existed from the beginning, was 
 by this change vacated. On October 29, iSoi, the board was 
 constituted as follows : Richard Furman, superintendent, Jacob 
 Morton and Thomas Eddy. In 1808 Mr. Furman was re- 
 moved, for what reason was not stated. But as he was at a 
 later period reappointed, it would seem that it was not because 
 of any dereliction of duty. He was superseded by William 
 Mooney. Then there is again a board of five commissioners,
 
 26 An Account of Bellevtie Hospital. 
 
 but this regime was of short duration: they resigned in a body- 
 after a lapse of five months. Mooney's term was also short- 
 lived. In September, 1809, the office of superintendent was 
 vacated, and the powers vested in the commissioners as a 
 whole. An investigating committee examined into the ac- 
 counts of the late superintendent, and while they found them 
 correct, yet they made a report which showed that many 
 abuses existed in the management of the house. As it gives 
 an insight into the workings of the establishment at that time, 
 some of the items might be here brought to light. The census 
 taken on August 14, 1809, shows that there were in the alms- 
 house 227 men, 31 1 women, 125 boys, and loi girls. Of these 
 189 were employees, leaving as the number of infirm and 
 children 575. In the hospital were 59 men, 88 women, and 
 19 children, — total 166, — and in addition 22 nurses. The report 
 showed that the general expenses had been enormously in- 
 creased during this short time and particularly those in the 
 " middle house." This was the residence of the superintendent's 
 family, which in this instance included six persons. The "middle 
 house" also supplied the other officers of the establishment, and 
 a second table of seven domestic employees. The increase in 
 luxuries was particularly noticeable, and the outlay for the dif- 
 fusible stimuli was five or six times as much in 1809 as in 
 1804. The accounts of the "middle house" showed an average 
 expense per quarter in 1809 of nearly $1250, and some of the 
 expenses of this house had been commingled with the general 
 expense account, whereas in former years the entire expense 
 of the "middle house" never exceeded $200 and was usually 
 from $80 to $150 per quarter. The superintendent ascribes 
 the enormous increase in the general expenses to an extra 
 amount donated to the outdoor poor, to the expense of pris- 
 oners at road work and at Governor's Island, and to additional 
 hospital room. The "middle house" showing was due, he said, 
 to meetings and dinners to common councilmen, and com- 
 mittees of the Board of Commissioners. The reader must 
 bear in mind that this was the poorhouse. The commit- 
 tee next make some damaging comparisons which may be
 
 Willard Parker, M. D , LL. D.
 
 An Accoicnt of Bellevue Hospital. 27 
 
 thus summarized: During the term of the former incumbent 
 the increase in the yearly expenses between 1 802-3 and 
 1805-6 was a little over $1 1,000, while the increase in the av- 
 erage number of paupers was iii. On the other hand, the 
 expenses for the nine months ending July, 1809, over the en- 
 tire year of 1 805-6 was $1 1,838.82, while the average number 
 of paupers had increased but thirty-four. The extra increase 
 in poor was sent to Bellevue and a few to the bridewell, while 
 the expenses of these institutions were not included in the 
 superintendent's statement. The former superintendent, Mr. 
 Furman, was reinstated on December 11, 1809, with no fur- 
 ther change of importance until 1826. 
 
 What is known of the history of the medical department in 
 the eighteenth century is easily written. It is very meager. 
 The sick of the almshouse from 1736 to 1806 were under the 
 care of a visiting physician and surgeon, who visited the hos- 
 pital as often as was required. 
 
 In the year 1800 a set of rules was promulgated for the 
 government of the almshouse, and in accordance with these, 
 there was to be a competent person to act as physician, sur- 
 geon, accoucheur, and apothecary, who was to have charge of 
 such medicines, apparatus, and instruments as might be from 
 time to time provided, and also of the expenditure and use 
 thereof He was a salaried officer. Under this rule Dr. Wil- 
 liam Mcintosh served from November, 1801, a period of five 
 years. A resident apothecary was added to the list of officials 
 in August, 1806. It was deemed expedient in this year to 
 increase the visiting staff of physicians, and two were ap- 
 pointed. This arrangement obtained for two years, when 
 again we find but one. The change was made by the com- 
 missioners, because it was thought that the sick had recently 
 not had due care, and because the expenses for medicines had 
 at the same time increased from between $200 and $300 a 
 year to between $600 and $700 a year. They made a propo- 
 sition to several respectable physicians to attend the sick in the 
 house and the sick children out at nurse, and to special calls to 
 the poor. Dr. John Huyler accepted the offer, and was ap-
 
 28 A 71 Accou7it of Belleviic Hospital. 
 
 pointed on October 24, 1808, at an annual salary of $300, and 
 he served alone for two years. The next change was in 1810, 
 when again two physicians were appointed. One of the gentle- 
 men, however, served but two years, and the hospital depart- 
 ment was kept in charge of one man from that time on until 
 1817, when the new hospital was opened and a new order of 
 things came into existence. 
 
 The service by this time had increased to such an extent 
 that it was entirely beyond the powers of the medical officers, 
 either visiting or resident, to perform it properly. There were 
 in March, 1817, more than 200 patients in hospital. The visit- 
 ing physician, as a rule, attended twice a week, and he could 
 not possibly see each patient even once a week. The house 
 physician labored diligently by day and by night. The night 
 calls were very frequent, and in the eighteen months immedi- 
 ately preceding there had been about 130 cases of parturition. 
 He made up and prepared all the medicines prescribed by the 
 visiting officer and administered them under his direction ; at 
 least he was supposed to be guided by the visiting, though 
 how this could be intelligently done with such a heavy 
 service is not clear. An increase in the medical force was 
 urgently demanded ; and the commissioners reorganized the 
 staff on March 31, 1817. Instead of one, two visiting offi- 
 cers were appointed, and instead of one interne, two. The 
 former were to serve without pay, and were now known as 
 Visiting Physician and Visiting Surgeon, and the latter as 
 House Physician and House Surgeon respectively. They 
 alternately served as '* man midwife." This is much the same 
 plan as exists to-day. It lasted for nine years, and then in 
 1826 the medical administration was entirely altered. 
 
 Before reviewing the medical history of this new period it 
 will be necessary to revert to the domestic arrangements of 
 the establishment. The number of paupers supported here 
 varied in different seasons of the year, but in round numbers 
 the average was between 1600 and 2000. Upward of 200 
 patients both from the prison and the almshouse crowded the 
 hospital. The medical staff had supervision over all.
 
 A 71 Accoujit of Bellevue Hospital. 29 
 
 Notwithstanding the very large service of these institutions, 
 yet in September, 18 19, when yellow fever again appeared in 
 New -York in an epidemic form, a new fever hospital was 
 placed under the charge of the Bellevue physicians ; and 
 although it was located at a remote distance, — namely, at old 
 Fort Stevens on the Long Island shore, near Hell Gate, at 
 Hallett's Point, — when the Common Council asked the com- 
 missioners to provide medical care for this hospital and the lat- 
 ter called upon the Bellevue doctors, it is matter for pride to 
 record that they responded promptly. Dr. Drake says that he 
 endeavored to visit Fort Stevens at least once in two days, 
 and Dr. Brown claims that he himself was there still oftener. 
 Certainly, considering the distance and the urgency of their 
 other duties, nothing more could be asked of them. Patients 
 could not have had sufficient attention ; but blame could not 
 be laid upon the doctors. The work was more than four men 
 or twice that number were capable of performing. 
 
 Three years later, and we have still another addition to the 
 establishment. It was proposed by some one — it is said by 
 one to have been his honor the mayor, and by another to 
 have been Dr. Hosack — to erect a fever hospital at Bellevue. 
 The suggestion was soon acted upon by the council ; in Octo- 
 ner, 1823, the necessary land was bought. This was another 
 piece of the old Rose Hill estate that lay at the foot of Twenty- 
 third street, and now belonged to a Mrs. Ann Rodgers. The 
 price paid was $2584.32. The edifice was finished in 1825 by 
 the aid of a liberal grant from the Legislature. It was situated 
 on an elevation on the river-front ; was of stone and four 
 stories in height; its length 180 feet, and its width 50 feet, and 
 it had a "projection of 8 feet in the center." The first and 
 second stories contained twenty-four rooms, including cells 
 where the pauper insane were kept. On the third story the 
 keeper and assistants lived, and there were six other rooms 
 here ; while the fourth was divided into large and airy wards 
 for fever and smallpox cases and lodging-rooms. 
 
 There had been a slight change in the housing of the main 
 or almshouse hospital. The two brick pavilions had been
 
 2,0 Aji Account of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 v^acated by the medical department, and the south end of the 
 workshop building fitted up instead, and the pavilions used 
 for the children and their nurses 
 
 The Bellevue physicians, with all their work, still found time 
 to contribute something of their experiences to the medical 
 press. Drake and Brown stand out most prominently among 
 them in this respect. A case of anthrax occurred in the hos- 
 pital in the summer of 1817, and was treated by incision, and 
 three or four more cases occurred during the next three years. 
 These were reported by Drake in the " Medical Repository." 
 Brown, in 1821, reported a new mode of bandaging fractured 
 clavicles. It would appear from this that Dr. Brown had both 
 medical and surgical services during his tenure of three years. 
 Again in 1825 he reports two cases of fractured patella, one 
 of which was the result of an attempted escape from the prison. 
 A case of dystocia from exostosis of the os ischium, with rupture 
 of uterus, is another report by Drake. An account of a disease 
 which prevailed in the penitentiary during the fall of 1825 was 
 published by Dr. King, and remarks on delirium tremens, or 
 the "irritative fever of drunkenness," by Trippler. These will 
 serve to show something of the range of cases coming under 
 care in the hospital at that time. But what occupied the 
 attention of the medical staff to the largest extent was the 
 infectious fevers. 
 
 Yellow fever in 18 19 presented its old-time virulence. Out 
 of a population in the city of 123,706 there were 3815 cases 
 reported by the Board of Health records. Only five fatal 
 cases occurred at the Fort Stevens pest-house, however. 
 These are commented on in a paper by Dr. Drake, printed in 
 the journals of the time.* This disease raged again in 1822. 
 The Bellevue physicians looked upon the disease as a non- 
 contagious one ; as did also Dr. Douglass of the old Bellevue 
 Hospital in 1796. 
 
 It is typhus fever of all the infectious diseases that has caused 
 the most havoc in Bellevue, and it was so at this period. In the 
 year 1829 Dr. Brown, who was not then connected with the in- 
 stitution (having resigned his position of visiting physician 
 
 1 " Medical Repository," Vol. VI., n. s. 1820-21.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 31 
 
 three years before), published an essay on this disease, which 
 was awarded a prize. In it he summarizes the epidemics that 
 appeared in the Bellevue establishment. According to him 
 typhus occurred at three different times — in 18 18 for the first, 
 and again in 1825 and 1827. The first was the most severe 
 epidemic ; it caused many deaths, in both the prison and the 
 almshouse, and it was of a much more asthenic type than the 
 later ones. The death-rate he gives as one in ten or one in 
 twelve. Among the officers of these institutions and their 
 families, six contracted the disease, as the result, he thinks, of 
 the influence of crowded rooms and excessive work. On the 
 other hand, of about fifty persons exposed to the infective in- 
 fluence of these patients, in the capacity of nurses, attendants, 
 or friends, not one sickened, and he takes this as an argument 
 against the contagious character of the fever. The fever ceased 
 spontaneously at the end of the year, having run its course. 
 
 Job Young was a colored man in ward five of the hospital, 
 and he was grievously ill of typhus on April 20, 18 18. He 
 was in extremis, and an order was given that he be put into a 
 coffin as soon as he had died, that his bed might be used by the 
 next patient. It was a short space till this was done, and the 
 coffin was placed with four or five others in the hall, prepara- 
 tory to removal. Several people passing through the hall a 
 half hour later, were startled to hear groans from the pile. 
 Running into the ward a hatchet was procured, and the man 
 was soon found. He was alive. He was placed in bed, the 
 doctor called, and every effort made to revive him, but in vain. 
 He lived an hour and a half longer and returned to his narrow 
 house. This is a glimpse in at the window, and speaks for 
 itself On investigation, it was proved to be due to the care- 
 lessness or ignorance of the attendants ; and it may be added — 
 to the excessively difficult and laborious nature of the service. 
 It was ordered that thereafter no body should be removed 
 until the physicians had first pronounced the person dead. 
 
 This portion of the story tells the melancholy outcome of the 
 short-sighted and utterly wrong policy of attempting to con- 
 duct a large hospital with an entirely inadequate number of
 
 32 An Account of Bellcvue Hospital. 
 
 medical oflficers. Typhus fever in all its terrible malignancy 
 broke out again in the prison in the early spring of 1825. By 
 April both the visiting, Dr. Drake, and the two resident 
 physicians were sick with the disease. Dr. McCready re- 
 counts how when a committee of physicians at the request of 
 the Common Council called one day at the hospital they were 
 received at the door by Dr. Belden, who was even then in the 
 grasp of the disease, and had left his bed to receive them. The 
 poor fellow lived but a day or two longer. Belden was the first 
 in the long list of our alumni to give up his life in the discharge 
 of his duty.^ Dr. Drake recovered. This committee were 
 asked to take charge of the hospital and prison. Four or five 
 weeks elapsed before the new fever hospital could be put into 
 half-way habitable condition to receive patients. The windows 
 which were not yet glazed were boarded up, and the rooms 
 left unceiled. The sick were removed into it, and the prison 
 emptied. All the prisoners were thoroughly washed and 
 newly clothed, some were put in solitary cells, the sick placed 
 in the hospital and the remainder discharged. 
 
 After this the epidemic for the most part subsided, merely 
 solitary cases occurring throughout the summer. One hundred 
 and sixty cases occurred in the almshouse and the city bride- 
 well and in various parts of the city, and were received into 
 the fever hospital. At the time of the emptying of the 
 penitentiary the epidemic had prevailed for four months, and 
 during this period twelve or fourteen of the people connected 
 with the institution in various capacities fell ill of the disease, 
 and five or six of these succumbed. 
 
 This is the turning-point in the history of the hospital. A 
 committee of medical gentlemen as mentioned above were 
 asked by the Common Council to investigate the condition of 
 the Bellevue establishment and report without delay. This 
 committee was composed of Dr. Joseph Bailey, Joseph M. 
 Smith, and Isaac Wood. They made a most unfavorable 
 report on the state of affairs prevailing. The committee of 
 the council were told some plain truths. Wood and Smith 
 
 1 No personal history of Dr. Belden has been obtainable. Even his full name is not 
 known : it does not appear on the Common Council records.
 
 Austin Flint, M. D., LL. D. 
 
 [From a picture loaned by his son, Dr. Austin Flint.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 33 
 
 discovered to them that they in reaHty were administering a 
 large hospital, whereas they imagined they were conducting 
 but an almshouse and prison ; that they might build great 
 buildings, but that their responsibility to their wards ended not 
 there. They convinced the board that it was their bounden 
 duty to separate the two without delay. The council acted 
 promptly on this advice. The committee was requested to 
 take immediate charge of the institutions. Drs. Wood and 
 Smith at once accepted the charge, but Dr. Bailey for private 
 reasons declined. The changes in the prison and hospital that 
 have been already indicated followed this ; the disease was 
 stamped out for a season, and the services of the committee 
 were at an end. 
 
 A new era now begins in the hospital's existence. At the 
 end of the year 1825, Dr. Drake, having recovered from his ill- 
 ness, resigned his position of visiting physician, and Isaac Wood 
 was appointed to succeed him. Upon his advice many im- 
 portant changes were now made in the internal arrangements. 
 The medical staff was entirely reorganized ; the office of visit- 
 ing physician was abolished, and the reign of the resident 
 physician was now begun. The dynasty lasted four and 
 twenty years. The record of the individual rulers is not a 
 record of a continuous round of prosperity, but of them all. 
 Isaac Wood was the first and, with the exception of Ogden, 
 both in the order of time and of merit. Wood was given two 
 assistant physicians, who resided with him in the house, and 
 all were placed nominally under the direction of a consulting 
 physician and surgeon. The gentleman who was appointed to 
 this latter office was Dr. Stephen C. Roe. Dr. Wood served 
 for seven years. He was a man of superior executive ability, 
 a thorough and practical chief, and a conscientious worker. 
 He it was who took the struggling hospital and placed it on 
 its feet. From his time on, it has been known as the Bellevue 
 Hospital. 
 
 Bellevue Hospital had at last attained to her majority, but 
 was not yet come into her inheritance. The medical depart- 
 ment was transferred from its quarters in the workshop build-
 
 34 ^'^ Account of Bellevtie Hospital. 
 
 ing to the new fever hospital, the latter having been cleansed 
 and renovated for its reception; but twenty-two years were 
 yet to elapse before it should take possession of the building 
 which it occupies to-day. 
 
 Following out the suggestions of the Medical Committee 
 of Investigation of the previous year, the Common Council 
 were making strenuous efforts to find a place to which the 
 prison might be removed; and in 1826 offered to take from 
 the State the prison at Greenwich and Amos streets, which 
 was soon to be vacated in contemplation of the completion 
 of the prison at Sing-Sing. 
 
 While these negotiations were in progress, however, and 
 before any decision had been reached, Blackwell's Island 
 offered itself as a more advantageous site, and it was finally 
 bought in 1828. There a new penitentiary was begun, but 
 not until 1836 was it ready for the reception of inmates, and 
 they remained at Bellevue therefore until that time, when the 
 men were transferred, the women remaining for still another 
 two years, until the Tombs was ready to receive them. 
 
 The state of the service toward the close of Wood's first 
 year is faintly seen in the number of patients reported in 
 November, 1826. On the iith, there were 184 in hospital, 
 82 of these being insane. The deaths numbered 29, a mor- 
 tality of nearly 16 per cent. There were at this time 1366 
 inmates in the almshouse and 336 prisoners. The number of 
 patients had increased by the i8th of the month to 210, and 
 in December there is a record of 233 patients. At this time 
 we find Wood complaining to the commissioners that the hospi- 
 tal was greatly overcrowded, particularly the smallpox ward, 
 male and female patients having to be kept in the same room. 
 It is remarkable that no record is found of any petition on Dr. 
 Wood's part for more medical assistance. It seems not to 
 have occurred to those in charge that a community of nearly 
 2000, most of whom were in a more or less dilapidated condi- 
 tion, and 200 of whom were actually sick, could hardly be 
 well attended by three men. And now again, in 1827, in 
 midwinter, did typhus appear, and continued for four months ;
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 35 
 
 the two assistants of the staff, Drs. Griswold and Boyd, con- 
 tracted the fever while in performance of their duty at this 
 time, as did also Dr. Charles S. Trippler, who came in in the 
 emergency, but all three recovered. Dr. Brown states that 
 during each epidemic of fever the same rooms were used and 
 the same diet, and the same crowded condition obtained in the 
 institution, and the house remained under the same discipline. 
 The nurses in the hospital were prisoners detailed from the 
 prison. We are told by Dr. Francis that the treatment fol- 
 lowed at this time admitted of but little stimulation. The 
 next few years brought forth little of importance. About 
 the same number of patients were cared for. The report 
 shows that the corps of nurses and servants in the hospital 
 numbered 23, or about i to every 10 patients. The worst 
 plague, however, was yet to come. In 1832 Asiatic cholera 
 made its first and most terrible assault on New -York, and 
 Bellevue felt its full force, over one sixth of all the victims 
 in the city coming from the hospital. There were about 
 600 deaths in the Bellevue institution out of 2000 cases — or 
 about 30 per cent, (the total number of deaths from cholera 
 in the city reported by the city physician was 3513; the 
 census of 1830 gave 202,589 inhabitants to New-York). The 
 disease entered by way of Canada, and Dr. Francis tells us 
 that the resident physician predicted when it first appeared 
 in that country that there would be frightful havoc made at 
 Bellevue. Forty bodies lay in the dead-house at one time ; 
 there not being help enough to bury the dead, so fast they fell. 
 Dr. Wood many times was obliged, in making his rounds, to 
 step over the dead and dying as they lay on the floor of the 
 wards ; patients were attacked so suddenly that beds were not 
 to be had. 
 
 Dr. Wood himself became ill early in the epidemic, and thus 
 left the immediate care of the immense service to the assistant 
 physicians. He recovered, but the after effects of his illness 
 were such as to force him to resign the office about the end of 
 the year. Dr. Francis is authority for the statement that 
 Wood was the first to remove the ends of the bone in lacer-
 
 36 An Account of Bcllcviie Hospital. 
 
 ated injury of the elbow-joint. He did most of the surgical 
 work while connected with the hospital, Dr. Roe, the con- 
 sulting surgeon, seldom operating. 
 
 Bellevue now passed into the darkest period of her history. 
 She was seized by one of the arms of the political octopus, and 
 remained for fifteen years in its grasp. The public's eleemosy- 
 nary institution became the peculiar property of the public's 
 servants. It was accounted one of the spoils of office — a 
 principle injurious under ordinary conditions, but particularly 
 malignant when involving a hospital. It might be a question 
 whether the term hospital could be applied to Bellevue at 
 this time of which little that is good can be recorded. The 
 inmates suffered more from this cause than from any of the 
 deadly epidemics which had visited them. The mortality dur- 
 ing all this period was at an average of twenty per cent., — 
 that is, one out of every five that entered never came out alive. 
 
 Following Wood's resignation, the office of resident physi- 
 cian became a political one. The first man appointed was 
 Dr. Stephenson, described by Dr. McCready, in his address at 
 the opening of the Pathological Building in 1858, as a man 
 without the slightest knowledge of, or experience in, hospital 
 management, though a gentleman of refinement and of large 
 attainments. Unprepared as he was, he, with his two young 
 assistants, was placed in charge of one of the largest institu- 
 tions of the kind in the entire country. He remained only a 
 year in charge, when his emoluments and office must needs be 
 conferred upon some other favorite. But now we find a more 
 capable officer, Benjamin Ogden. He also remained but a 
 year. Under Ogden's management, the hospital had some- 
 what recovered its tone, when it became once more the scene 
 of conflict with Asiatic cholera. The epidemic raged with the 
 same virulence that characterized it in 1832, and the resident, 
 except for his two assistants, Abram DuBois and David L. 
 Eigenbrodt, fought it out single-handed and alone. It is dis- 
 tressing to one who has the honor of Bellevue at heart to read 
 the details of this period ; year after j^ear it is the same story 
 of ignorant and heedless mismanagement on the part of the
 
 
 Isaac E. Taylor, M. D,
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. t^j 
 
 municipal administration. Most of the chief medical officers 
 were men who had had little experience in hospital matters ; 
 nor was experience or the want of it a question considered in 
 determining appointments — some of the men thus appointed 
 were able men, but before they had time to educate themselves 
 they were forced to step down and out. The assistants were 
 young men, undergraduates for the most part, who could pay 
 a fee to the resident for the privilege, if such it was, of being 
 trained in a school like this. The care and treatment of the 
 patients in the whole institution was confided to them, the 
 service, medical, surgical, obstetrical, and so on, being divided 
 among them in a stipulated manner during the year of their 
 incumbency. They might have peculiar fitness, both moral 
 and professional, but this was not inquired into. Under this 
 system little good could accrue to the hospital, to the patients, 
 or to the staff. Now and then a resident of superior ability, 
 of Wood's or Ogden's stamp, had place, and among the assis- 
 tants many who made thereafter honorable records, and some 
 who, when danger threatened, hesitated not to face death and 
 die martyrs to duty, adding glory to the Bellevue name. 
 
 The condition of the almshouse, penitentiary, and hospital 
 was horrible enough in 1837 ^o shock the sensibilities even of 
 the Common Council and move them to investigate it. 
 
 The commission appointed had as its members Messrs. P. 
 W. Engs, William A. Tomlinson, Z. Ring, James H. Braine, 
 and Peter Palmer. Their report is to be found in document 
 No. 32 of the " Records of the Board of Aldermen." It con- 
 veys a vivid idea of the awful state of things. 
 
 First the almshouse itself. The female part was found in 
 good order, furnishing a " silent rebuke to the contrast " in the 
 other parts of the building. The adult males were in a filthy 
 and ragged condition ; the sick were in every part of the house, 
 and, with the above exception, the whole department exhibited 
 " evidence of neglect of the public interest and want of a 
 proper regard to the subjects of misfortune. Complaints of 
 poor and scant provisions and of unavailing applications for 
 relief were numerous and voluntary. Many were without 
 
 3A
 
 38 A?i Account of Belleviie Hospital. 
 
 shirts and destitute of sheets and blankets, and such bedding as 
 there was was not clean. In the building assigned to colored 
 subjects was an exhibition of misery and its concomitants 
 never witnessed by your commissioners nor in any public re- 
 ceptacle for even the most abandoned dregs of human society. 
 Here were scenes of neglect and filth ; of putrefaction and 
 vermin. Of system or subordination there was none. The 
 same apparel and the same bedding had been alternately 
 used by the sick and dying, the convalescent and those in 
 health, and that for a long period. The situation in one 
 room was such as would have created contagion as the warm 
 season came on, the air seeming to carry poison with every 
 breath." The steward of this house had been a hungry vil- 
 lain. The commissioners found but few provisions left. No 
 meal or flour or potatoes, and but little rice ; no coal and but 
 little wood remained. The carpenters and tinsmiths, the spin- 
 ners and the weavers, all were idle because no materials were 
 at hand to work with. The farm was neglected ; there was no 
 straw and but little hay, no oats or other grain, and the 
 cattle were lean and ill-favored. All swine and poultry were 
 claimed by the officers as their private property. Nothing 
 could equal in candor and impudence the reply of the super- 
 intendent when asked for an inventory. " It is useless to make, 
 one," he said, "for there is nothing to inventory." 
 
 But what of the hospital ? There would surely be a better 
 state of affairs there. There were 265 patients in the wards, 
 over one half of whom were insane. The commissioners 
 remark at the outset that they "will not enter into all the 
 details of disgusting particulars witnessed in the hospital." 
 " The condition of Bellevue Hospital was such as to excite feel- 
 ings of the most poignant sympathy for its neglected inmates." 
 The building from cellar to garret abounded in filth ; the lack 
 of proper ventilation deprived the wretched inmates of even 
 the free gift of fresh air. Wards had not been whitewashed 
 for two years, and the hospital generally was in a condition 
 manifesting great neglect and indifference toward its inmates. 
 The clothing of the patients and their bedding were utterly
 
 A71 Account of Bellevue Hospital. 39 
 
 unsuitable. The seriously ill were without " garments used 
 next the skin" and "females in a high state of fever were 
 found with nothing but a blanket to cover them." To add to 
 all this distress the former resident and his students, with the 
 exception of two (Messrs. Stamatoides and Casey were the 
 faithful ones), together with the matron " had left the house and 
 with them the nurses." Jail fever was rife, having appeared 
 again among the prisoners, and some cases had occurred in the 
 almshouse. Besides, many cases of the disease had been ad- 
 mitted to the hospital and filled it to overflowing. The estab- 
 lishment in the year 1836 cost the city $205,000, whereas in 
 1825 it had cost $82,000. What was done by way of remedy ? 
 Benjamin Ogden was asked to return, and he did so. He came, 
 and his two former assistants volunteered to return with him. 
 Ogden, DuBois, and Eigenbrodt returned, and " by their gratu- 
 itous service, for which the city owes a debt of gratitude (more 
 especially as Dr. DuBois had been before a subject of the pre- 
 vailing fever and barely escaped death), gave important and 
 indispensable aid, which was seconded in a manner deserving 
 the highest commendation by the students Messrs. Stama- 
 toides, Casey, and Thompson." Dr. Ogden took charge on 
 Friday, May 12, 1837, ^"<^ i^ his report, to be found in the 
 same document, gives his side of the story. He tells how the 
 night before his arrival eight nurses and servants had escaped 
 from the grounds, leaving the sick to provide for themselves as 
 best they might, and then continues : " The whole concern was 
 filled with typhus from top to bottom. They (the patients) 
 were lying in their filthy blankets, destitute of sheets and pil- 
 low-cases, and in some chronic cases they had not had a change 
 for three months. Requisition had been made by my pre- 
 decessor again and again, but no notice had been taken of it." 
 " No clothing for the patients — not a change was to be found, 
 and there had not been any Indian meal for poultices for three 
 weeks, and no rags to dress the wounds." And this was Belle- 
 vue Hospital ! 
 
 Ogden remained in charge for four months, and in that time 
 restored the hospital to the excellent condition in which he had
 
 40 A 71 Accou7it of Bclleznie Hospital. 
 
 left it in 1835. The commissioners made several suggestions 
 in this report in the way of improving the estabUshment, among 
 others recommending that the term of office of the resident be 
 lengthened to more than a year. It is worthy of note that 
 they suggested also that measures be taken to provide an am- 
 phitheater where clinical lectures might be given. This latter 
 suggestion, however, was not acted upon at this time. 
 
 The time was now come when the hospital should be rid 
 of its encumbrances — the various institutions which helped to 
 make up the establishment. The first to be taken in this lop- 
 ping-off process were the male prisoners, who went to the new 
 penitentiary on Blackwell's Island in 1836. They were fol- 
 lowed in 1837 by the smallpox patients, who were taken to a 
 small wooden building which, at Dr. Ogden's suggestion had 
 been erected on the end of the island, and the building thus 
 vacated on the Bellevue grounds was used as a typhus 
 pavilion. The following year the female prisoners were sent 
 to the Tombs, as has been already mentioned, and on June 10, 
 1839, the lunatics were removed. They went to the new 
 asylum on Blackwell's Island. The plans for these buildings 
 had been revised by Dr. Ogden and by Dr. James Macdonald 
 of the Bloomingdale Asylum. The only thing left now was 
 the almshouse; but it was not till 1848 that Bellevue got rid 
 of this attachment. 
 
 The medical supervision of these institutions, however, re- 
 mained invested in the Bellevue staff, and her resident phy- 
 sician was supposed to direct the whole. 
 
 The city paid to the Blackwell family in 1828 the sum of 
 $32,000 for their island. It had been in their possession about 
 one hundred and thirty years. The Indians had called it 
 " Minnahanonck." By them it was conveyed to the Dutch 
 governor, Wouter Van Twillcr, in the year 1637, ^"^1 it then 
 became known by the appellation of Varken or Hog Island. 
 It was granted in 165 i to a Captain Francis Fyn, and by him 
 held until the outbreak of the war with the English in 1666, 
 when it was confiscated. Two years later, Captain Manning, a 
 notable character of the time, became possessed of it by a grant.
 
 Frank H. Hamilton, iM. D., LL. D.
 
 An Accou7it of Bellevue Hospital. 41 
 
 Again was its name changed, this time to Manning's Island. 
 After his death, which occurred some time subsequently to 
 1686, it went to his stepdaughter, Mary Manningham, who 
 married a Mr. Robert Blackwell, and it has ever since been 
 known by its present name. 
 
 The island is about 1 20 acres in area. The title, however, 
 was not clear when it was bought by the city, as was proved 
 in 1843, when it was necessary in order to settle the dispute 
 to pay an additional $20,000 for it. When the corner-stone 
 of the Island (later Charity) Hospital was laid, Mr. Wash- 
 ington Smith, President of the Board of Governors, alluded to 
 Blackwell's Island as "New- York's Garden of Charity." 
 
 There were at this time (1843) ten officials under pay con- 
 nected with the establishment, and the pay-roll footed up 
 $5500 a year. This is inclusive of the pay of the resident 
 physician, which was $1500 a year, his being the largest 
 salary. The superintendent received $1000, the chaplain 
 $600, the nurse $100, and the assistant physicians, nothing. 
 The following table is made up from figures obtained from the 
 report of the resident, dated May S, 1843. He states that 
 "there has been no prevailing illness during the past year. 
 The appearance of puerperal fever caused a few deaths and 
 created some alarm," but by the prompt change of wards and 
 the use of disinfection he succeeded in controlling the disease. 
 From July, 1842, to April, 1843, there were 2290 patients 
 treated; of these 1584 were discharged, 364 had died, and 342 
 remained in the hospital. The following is from the table 
 showing the causes of death : 
 
 Delirium tremens 39 cases, 10 deaths, or 25.6% 
 
 Erysipelas 29 " 5 " or 17.2%" 
 
 Typhoid fever 104 " 23 " or22. 1% 
 
 Puerperal fever 11 1" 9 " or 81.8% 
 
 Phthisis 217 " 161 " or 74. 1% 
 
 Pneumonia 26 " 5 " or 19.2% 
 
 There is little to recount during these years except of the 
 typhus fever, which was continuously present to a greater or 
 
 1 This is out of a total of 109 deliveries.
 
 42 Aji Account of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 less degree. Yet it was quite evident that it was not all 
 typhus that was called typhus, and that this confusion was 
 in part responsible for many of the deaths that occurred is also 
 quite certain. The service under the care of the Bellevue 
 staff had grown in 1846 to enormous proportions. The re- 
 port for that year covers a total of 14,124 cases, and these 
 were scattered over a wide area, being distributed at Bellevue 
 (over 500 patients) and on the island, in the lunatic asylum, 
 nursery, penitentiary, and smallpox hospitals. The cost of 
 maintaining the hospital alone in this year was $31,442.53. 
 The lunatic asylum and nursery had each a resident phy- 
 sician who was under the direction himself of the Bellevue 
 resident. The latter was allowed, under the approval of 
 the mayor, commissioners, and city recorder, six assistants; 
 they were appointed as formerly for one year, and served 
 for two months in each department, — viz., first, phthisis and 
 chronic cases; second, ulcers; third, lying-in; fourth, peni- 
 tentiary and smallpox ; fifth, acute diseases ; sixth, surgical 
 cases. The Board, of Commissioners of the almshouse had 
 some time previously been reduced to one member, and Mr. 
 Moses G. Leonard was the present incumbent. The resident, 
 Hasbrouck, says that in 1845-46 there was no epidemic of 
 disease, but there was a large number of ship-fever cases. The 
 proportion of recoveries, however, was quite large. He com- 
 plains that fully two fifths of all cases sent to the hospital are 
 pronounced incurable before they are sent, and are received in 
 a dying state. This has always been an element to be taken 
 into account in estimating the ratio of deaths in Bellevue. 
 One of the assistants at this time has written that the type of 
 typhus fever varied each year, the treatment that proved suc- 
 cessful in one season not being as beneficial the next. The 
 post-mortem generall)' showed inflammation of the intestines, 
 and occasionally perforation of the glands. Brandy and milk 
 and plenty of ice proved very beneficial in the majority of 
 cases, and he adds, "but probably the fresh air was the princi- 
 pal factor." This was after tents had been erected. 
 
 Another fearful epidemic of typhus raged in 1847, ^^^ c^''*
 
 An Accoimt of Bellevue Hospital. 43 
 
 ried off in that year and in the succeeding summer many of 
 the young assistants. It is called by all who mention it 
 the "great epidemic." It began in January, 1847, just prior 
 to the service of Dr. Reese as resident, and most of our infor- 
 mation concerning it is derived from two papers on the subject, 
 one written by Reese himself and the other by Lyman H. 
 Stone, one of his assistants. Reese puts himself on record as 
 believing that it was not a specific fever. "There was," he 
 says, "absence of intestinal ulceration in most cases," while 
 Stone considers typhus and typhoid to be one and the same 
 disease, and adds that when the eruption was general there 
 were no lesions found in fatal cases. He analyzes one hundred 
 cases as to diarrhea, etc., and records sixty-four cases in which 
 diarrhea was a symptom, being rarely troublesome, however. 
 Ileocaecal gurgling appeared in almost every one of these 
 one hundred cases. It is very apparent, therefore, that they 
 were dealing with two distinct diseases. This fact, and the fur- 
 ther one that it is absolutely impossible to tell, as is admitted 
 by Stone, ^ the actual number of cases treated because of the 
 utterly unreliable records which were kept, vitiate to a very 
 great degree the value that would otherwise attach to these 
 papers. However, Reese, from the best data to be found, 
 estimates that there were, from January i to May 25, when 
 he took charge, 769 cases, many coming direct from shipboard. 
 Of these 154 died (20%) and 309, who were mostly moribund, 
 remained. From that time to June 2, they were admitted at 
 the rate of sixty to eighty a day, and notwithstanding deaths 
 and discharges, there were by actual count over 600 cases of 
 ship- fever in a total census of 1 147. The almshouse close by 
 had a population of 1500, and within forty-eight hours seven- 
 teen cases developed and rapidly proved fatal. The next 
 period of ten weeks showed an aggregate of 1226 fever cases 
 admitted, and from January i to August 3 the whole number, 
 according to Reese, was 1995 cases with 347 deaths — a little 
 over 1 7%. Eighty tents were pitched on the "adjacent green," 
 and the cases treated in these tents did well. But it is un- 
 
 1 It was found on one occasion there were 190 cases less than was indicated by the 
 books. — " New- York Journal of Medicine," Vol. X., p. 168.
 
 44 -^^ Account of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 necessary to continue; sufficient has been told to indicate the 
 nature and the severity of the epidemic. The second name 
 to add to the list of the dead is that of John James Lawrence, 
 a student of medicine, who died of typhus in 1846, and the 
 third is that of Porter,' who died early in 1847, and the fourth 
 Van Buren/ After that eight of the young men took the 
 disease, but all recovered. It was not long, however, before 
 they fell fast: Beals, Blakeman, Cahoon, Green, Hedges, Selig- 
 man, and Worth were all sacrificed in 1848.'- 
 
 In the season of 1847 L)!"- F- Campbell Stewart, who was 
 soon to be one of the new board of visiting physicians and 
 surgeons to the hospital, and Dr. A. S. Stout, volunteered to 
 live in the hospital and give what assistance they could, and 
 their lives if necessary, in aid of the almost overwhelmed staff. 
 They remained for a period of five months until the fever was 
 controlled. The staff also received help from some physicians 
 who paid visits from the city, among them some who were sub- 
 sequently members of the Bellevue Board. 
 
 At last there is a glimmer of light. For the honor of the 
 medical profession it had become imperative that the stigma 
 upon the institution and the city should be removed. Here ap- 
 pears for the first time the man whose after history was to be so 
 intimately connected with the hospital, and who was to extend 
 her name and fame as far as his own were known. James R. 
 Wood was then in his thirty-fifth year. He was much of a 
 politician in those days. Among those in authority there 
 were none but knew and respected "Jimmy" Wood. He was 
 much of a politician, but he was more of a physician, and he, 
 perhaps more than any other, was the force that constrained 
 the Board of Aldermen to give the poor creatures at Bellevue 
 some of their distinguished consideration. Beside the efforts 
 put forth by Wood, there had appeared letters in the " Even- 
 ing Post," in 1845, forcibly presenting the dreadful condition 
 of the establishment and earnestly urging that something be 
 done to correct the evils.'' 
 
 1 See List of Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 2 During this recurrence the ratio of deaths to cases was over 27';. 
 
 " These letters are signed " G," and were written, we believe, by Dr. J. H. Griscom, 
 at one time head of the Health Department.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 45 
 
 The outcome of this agitation was that the Common Coun- 
 cil appointed a committee of prominent medical gentlemen to 
 report on the almshouse department and to present a plan for 
 its reorganization : Drs. John W. Francis, James R. Wood, 
 Joseph M. Smith, Valentine Mott, James R. Manley, F. Camp- 
 bell Stewart, Willard Parker, Stephen R. Harris, Gunning S. 
 Bedford, and Benjamin Drake were the members of this com- 
 mittee. They reported a plan which was finally adopted. A 
 board of visiting physicians and surgeons was created and 
 placed in authority over the resident physician. This was the 
 beginning of the end of the rule of the resident physicians. 
 
 III. 
 1847- 1869. 
 
 The old things were now passing away. The new board 
 met and organized on November 17, 1847, ^t Bellevue Hos- 
 pital — the members were the following: 
 
 James R. Manley and John W. Francis, consulting physi- 
 cians ; Valentine Mott and Alexander H. Stevens, consulting 
 surgeons ; Alonzo Clark, John T. Metcalfe, C. R. Oilman, 
 S. R. Harris, A. G. Elliot and William H. Van Buren,^ vis- 
 iting physicians, and James R. Wood, Willard Parker, F. 
 Campbell Stewart, J. O. Stone, S. R. Childs, and Alexander 
 Vache, visiting surgeons ; Dr. James R. Manley was chosen 
 president. Dr. Valentine Mott, vice-president, and Dr. John 
 T. Metcalfe, secretary. They formulated a code of rules. The 
 resident physician was admitted to all councils of the board, 
 and according to the rules he was, when present, either at 
 such meetings or at the bedside, treated as being equal in 
 rank with any one of them. The service was divided into 
 medical and surgical divisions, and the lying-in department 
 
 1 Dr. Van Buren served as visiting physician for seven months, or until the resigna- 
 tion of Dr. Stewart in June, 1848, when he was appointed as visiting surgeon, the new 
 appointee. Dr. Foster, being appointed his successor.
 
 46 
 
 An Account of Bellcvnc Hospital. 
 
 attached to the former. One physician, Dr. Metcalfe, and one 
 surgeon, Dr. Parker, were assigned to duty at once. At the next 
 meeting Dr. Metcalfe reported that there were about four hun- 
 dred patients under his care ; almost all of the acute cases 
 were fever patients, and phthisis and rheumatism made up 
 the majority of the chronic. He reported that the resident 
 
 Bclle\uc Ilu.-.i.jiial iu 1848. 
 
 physician and assistants had shown him every attention and 
 rendered all aid, and that the service was in as good a con- 
 dition as under the circumstances could be expected. Dr. 
 Parker made a like report for the one hundred and fifty 
 patients under his care. They both remarked on the rather 
 dilapidated condition of the house ; but as the change of 
 quarters was to be made in the immediate future, no repairs 
 were considered to be urgently necessary. This change was 
 soon accomplished, for in 1848 the almshouse, with all that 
 appertained thereto, was removed to the island, and the hos- 
 pital was transferred in due course to the building vacated by 
 the paupers, which is the one it occupies to-day. 
 
 Passing now to the spring of the year 1849, ^^ ^ct was 
 passed by the State Legislature abolishing the office of com- 
 missioner of the almshouse, and in place thereof establishing a 
 board of ten governors to be called the Governors of the Alms-
 
 An Acco2uit of Bellevue Hospital. 47, 
 
 house Department of the City of New- York. The members of 
 the board were chosen at the general election. The first Board 
 of Governors was organized in pursuance of the provisions of 
 this act on the 8th May, 1849. One of these gentlemen de- 
 clined the position, and two others resigned soon after the 
 organization, so that the first board, when these vacancies 
 were filled, was constituted as follows: William T. Pinkney, 
 Isaac Townsend, Simeon Draper, Francis R. Tillou, Jonathan 
 I. Coddington, William M. Evarts, Richard S. Williams, Timo- 
 thy Daly, Schureman Halsted, and Peter M. Laughlin. The 
 first two were chosen for one year, the second two for two 
 years, the third for three years, and so on. Simeon Draper 
 was elected president, and Francis R. Tillou, secretary. The 
 public felt assured by placing such men in power that they 
 had now done away with the wicked abuses and the shame- 
 ful and corrupt mismanagement of this department, charitable 
 only in name for so long. The board went earnestly to work. 
 Their earliest attention was given to Bellevue Hospital. They 
 found here a newly organized board of wise, capable, and ear- 
 nest medical officers, working, however, upon a plan ill adapted 
 to the situation. They carefully examined into the principles 
 of management of similar institutions, both in this country 
 and abroad, and took counsel of eminent medical men in the 
 city as well as of the members of the Medical Board them- 
 selves, and after thus inquiring into the reasons for and against, 
 they determined upon a radical change in the medical man- 
 agement. At a special meeting of the Medical Board held on 
 May 25, 1849, this body was formally requested by the Board 
 of Governors to reply to the following questions: First, Is a 
 resident physician necessary for the proper conduct of Belle- 
 vue Hospital? Upon this question the vote was nine to two 
 that said officer was not necessary, the minority votes be- 
 ing cast by Drs. Gilman and Greene. Second, Is the board 
 willing to take charge of the medical department, be responsi- 
 ble for the proper and faithful discharge of all the duties now 
 performed by the resident physician, the Board of Governors 
 making the provision now made for a suitable number of com-
 
 48 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 petent medical assistants? To this question the answer was 
 unanimously in the affirmative. The change was consequently 
 made in a few months, and went into efifect. The entire hos- 
 pital was placed under the supervision of a non-professional 
 warden on October i. Dr. Reese did not relinquish his office 
 in a spirit of meekness. He retired from the meeting referred 
 to with fire in his eye. When the board again met to transact 
 the ordinary routine, the usual reports from the resident phy- 
 sician and his assistants were not forthcoming. A committee 
 thereupon waited on Dr. Reese, and demanded them of him, 
 but in vain. They were informed by that gentleman that there 
 could be no further intercourse between them. A communi- 
 cation was presented from the doctor addressed "To the Sec- 
 retary of the late Medical Board," in which the gentlemen 
 comprising that defunct body were forbidden the wards, etc., 
 etc. The upshot of it all was that the Board of Governors had 
 its way. New rules and regulations were adopted and the 
 house staff reorganized on much the same plan as to-day, in 
 December, 1849. An examination was held for the appoint- 
 ment of members of the new house staff, and the following 
 were the successful candidates, all of them having been assis- 
 tants under the old regime: Henry D. Jenkins, Richard V. W. 
 Fairchild, and William B. Bibbins, house physicians, and 
 Jonas P. Loines and Starling Loving, house surgeons. There 
 were also appointed at the following meeting, after due exami- 
 nation as to their professional and moral fitness, two senior as- 
 sistants — namely, George L. Andrew and Desault Guernsey — 
 and also five junior assistants, — to wit, Charles Page, Isaac 
 J. Senior, Edward Mullikon, William H. Cunningham, and 
 Arthur A. Jackson. 
 
 To return for a moment to Dr. Reese : he was not a man 
 to be passed thus lightly by. He was a man of culture, of 
 many attainments, and an indefatigable worker, but so consti- 
 tuted that he could not look mildly on and see himself dis- 
 placed from authority, and that through no fault of his own, 
 for he was a capable officer and had held positions of respon- 
 sibility before and filled them efficiently. He had been one
 
 \-'' ^^ 
 
 Benjamin W". McCready, M. D.
 
 A71 Account of Belleviie Hospital. 
 
 49 
 
 View from the Southwest about 1 845. 
 
 of the best of the resident physicians. The hospital had won- 
 derfully improved during his term. The Medical Board had 
 also been in power, to be sure, but Reese was a great part of 
 the time the responsible head. He was, unfortunately, in a 
 peculiar position. Able himself, he was the last of a system 
 which, as a whole, had 
 been found wanting. 
 
 Dr. Reese, after leav- 
 ing Bellevue, filled many 
 honorable posts, and 
 practised for many years 
 in this city.^ 
 
 The Medical Board 
 made its first annual re- 
 port for the year ending 
 December, 1 849, and it is 
 embodied in the first an- 
 nual report of the governors of the almshouse for that year. 
 A conception of the great change that had been effected in the 
 affairs of the hospital cannot be better conveyed than by quot- 
 ing from this document. After expressing their gratitude to 
 the Board of Governors for the liberal manner in which the hos- 
 pital had been conducted and the consideration with which they 
 themselves had been treated as a Medical Board, they close as 
 follows: "This Board looks forward with confident expecta- 
 tion to a continuation of this liberal system by which the 
 necessities of the sick poor are promptly and effectually sup- 
 plied, the public interests strictly cared for, and the cause of 
 true science and sound medical learning steadily promoted. 
 Under such auspices the Medical Board do not hesitate to 
 predict for the Bellevue Hospital a future which shall reflect 
 honor upon all who have participated in its reorganization and 
 management," . . . and they " trust that another year's expe- 
 rience of the system now in operation will convince the most 
 skeptical of its advantages over any heretofore existing." The 
 extent and character of the service may be thus presented for 
 the year : The total number of cases under treatment was 37 1 1 ; 
 
 1 For fuller details, see List of Resident Physicians.
 
 50 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 of these 483 had died — a rate of mortahty of about thirteen per 
 cent. ; very nearly thirty-six per cent, of all the deaths was 
 caused by phthisis. More care was exercised during this year 
 in restricting the admissions to proper subjects, it is recorded, 
 but where the line was drawn is not plain, for Asiatic cholera 
 appeared, and some cases were admitted from without; in all, 
 twenty-five cases were treated, with a death-record of seven- 
 teen. The births for the year numbered 208. 
 
 Had we visited Bellevue then, we would have noticed a most 
 marked change in the place. Entering the grounds at Sec- 
 ond Avenue, we would have seen before us a broad plot of 
 about seventeen acres, a large part cultivated as a vegetable 
 garden, and we would drive along a road lined by trees and 
 grass, a remnant of which still exists, down past the old 
 workhouse and penitentiary building and the old treadmill, 
 past the barns and stable to the almshouse, on down to the 
 right past the superintendent's house to the hospital build- 
 ings on the river-front. But all this was changed in 1845. 
 The "city stepfathers," as Dr. Francis has wittily dubbed 
 the gang that went popularly under the name of the "Forty 
 Thieves," looked with envious eyes on the almshouse prop- 
 erty, and Bellevue received closer scrutiny than she had for 
 thirty years before. All that portion of ground from Second 
 Avenue to First, and from Twenty-eighth street to Twenty- 
 sixth street, and that plot bordering the river from Twenty- 
 sixth to Twenty-third, — in all, about twelve acres, — was cut 
 up into building lots and sold, or rather bought in, at auction 
 on April i, 1845. This was a lasting disgrace to the cit}' and 
 the Bellevue authorities. It was done in the face of several 
 offers made by the existing medical schools at the time to pur- 
 chase portions of this plot and erect schools of learning thereon. 
 Bellevue was now restricted to the confines of the present hos- 
 pital grounds. The building which the hospital occupies to- 
 day (1893) was in sad need of repair when the hospital entered 
 it in 1848. The roof of shingle was rotten and leaky so that 
 in rainy seasons the water came through. The floors were 
 rotten and the ceilings were continually falling in places, en-
 
 An Account of Belleviie Hospital. 51 
 
 dangering the lives of the inmates, and several times in 1849 
 it had taken fire. Windows needed glazing and the doors 
 hanging, and it was therefore a difficult matter to control the 
 temperature of the wards. The fence on First Avenue was so 
 low (being only five feet above the street) that public prop- 
 erty was continually passed out and liquor clandestinely 
 passed in. A part of the grounds was still cultivated by the 
 inmates and enough garden truck, with the exception of po- 
 tatoes, raised to supply the whole establishment. In 1850 a 
 two-story building was erected on the grounds, fifty feet long 
 by twenty-eight feet wide, which was designed as a kitchen 
 of the most approved type, and the second story of which it 
 was intended to use when occasion required as an isolation 
 ward for puerperal fever cases. Formerly, when these cases 
 occurred they had been transferred to a house outside hired 
 for the purpose. 
 
 The most important result growing out of the transfer of 
 the hospital to the new medical administration is yet to be 
 considered. For many years the best medical men in the 
 city had looked with much concern upon the great loss to 
 teachers and to students alike, from not using facilities for 
 clinical instruction which might be availed of at Bellevue. 
 Again and again in the medical, and even in the secular press, 
 was the question agitated, and deep regret expressed at the 
 opportunities thus wasted. To show the feeling on this sub- 
 ject, the Griscom letters in the "Evening Post" above men- 
 tioned may be referred to, in which the statement is made 
 that repeated offers had been made to bring Bellevue's treas- 
 ures to light "without cost to the owners," but had been re- 
 jected, and also an article in the "New- York Journal of 
 Medicine," from which latter the following is quoted : "Belle- 
 vue Hospital, with its one thousand patients,^ must be made 
 accessible to students of medicine, and that too without delay. 
 It is a crying shame that such a wide field for clinical instruc- 
 tion should be actually lost to the city, to science, and to the 
 world, merely to subserve paltry party political purposes; to 
 
 1 Including almshouse, etc.
 
 52 .4^1 Account of BcUcviic Hospital. 
 
 give to some favorite a monopoly of private teaching in that 
 great establishment."* 
 
 It became, therefore, the imperative duty of the medical 
 gentlemen placed in charge, that they should take steps with 
 that end in view with all convenient speed. It redounds to 
 their credit, none the less, however, and we have now to re- 
 cord that their responsibilities in this respect were easily met, 
 and a scheme adopted which, developed as it was in the next 
 decade, eventually placed Bellevue in the foremost rank as a 
 school of scientific bedside teaching. 
 
 The earliest reference to public instruction in this hospital 
 that has been found is in a short note in the "Medical Reposi- 
 tory" for 1804, which communicates the fact that a lying-in 
 ward had just been established in the almshouse, and that as a 
 sufficient number of cases occurred there, Dr. Valentine Seaman 
 had begun a course of lectures on the obstetric art, including an- 
 atomy, physiology, and practical parts, and as this establish- 
 ment is particularly and exclusively devoted to the education 
 of females, it will be easy for women who practise or intend 
 midwifery to avail themselves of it." 
 
 We then pass to the time of the resident physicians. The 
 assistants in that period paid the chief a fee that was politely 
 called a tuition fee, but in most cases there it ended. The 
 time of most of these gentlemen was taken up with attending 
 political meetings, and in entertaining political characters,^ and 
 what teaching was done in the wards, as a rule, was by pri- 
 vate individuals who, having humanely volunteered their ser- 
 vices in the cause of charity and of science, walked the wards, 
 attended often by their private students. Thus one of the 
 members of this first Medical Board gave a course of clinical 
 lectures to a small class of students in 1844.'' This custom 
 was continued for a number of years afterward b}- various 
 members — even as late as 1852. The Medical Board was 
 
 1 " New- York Journal of Medicine," Vol. \'I., p. 457. 
 
 2 " Medical Repository," Vol. II., 2d Hex. p. 408. 
 
 3 One of these resident physicians was elected president of the Tammany Society in 
 1845. — "Evening Post, "October 30, 1845. 
 
 * Dr. J. W. Francis, " New-York Physicians."
 
 -^ 
 
 John J. Crane, M. D.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 53 
 
 hardly a year in power before they made provision for an 
 amphitheater, and on Friday, the 2d March, 1849, at one 
 o'clock in the afternoon, it was formally opened by an ad- 
 dress by Dr. D. Meredith Reese, the resident, this being fol- 
 lowed by the first public clinic. The clinic was a surgical one. 
 Dr. William H. Van Buren was the operator and performed the 
 operation of lithotomy. Notice was then given that thereafter 
 students would be admitted without charge to attend clinical 
 lectures on every Friday at i P. M., and that such clinics 
 would be held by one of the visiting medical or surgical offi- 
 cers of the hospital. This rule prevailed until the end of Feb- 
 ruary, 1850, when a slight alteration was made in the clinic 
 day, by which each physician and each surgeon on duty was 
 to give a lecture twice every fortnight during his month of 
 service, on Mondays at one o'clock, or on Saturdays at three 
 o'clock. Besides, a summer course was provided for, to be 
 given in April, May, June, and July, when the usual instruc- 
 tion in the city colleges was suspended. These lectures were 
 to be given on Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday of 
 each week during the months mentioned, at the hour of 
 twelve o'clock, and were to be gratuitous. The lectures 
 planned were to be as follows: Dr. Cock on Uterine Hem- 
 orrhage; Dr. Stone on Compound Fractures; Dr. Van Buren 
 on Venereal Diseases; Dr. Metcalfe on Diseases of the Chest; 
 and Dr. Foster on some subject upon which he probably had 
 not decided, for it is not mentioned. Whether this plan of 
 summer instruction was ever begun is not known, but at 
 all events it was not continued later than May, 1850. During 
 the ensuing five or six years clinics were held occasionally, 
 but with no regularity. 
 
 In the mean time must be recounted what had been ac- 
 complished in matters more exclusively affecting the welfare 
 of the patients. This can be most easily and clearly shown 
 by an examination of the mortality-records. As has been 
 already stated, the death-record in the twenty years prior 
 to 1847 averaged 20%, and in one year reached the dread- 
 ful proportion of 33%. In 1847 it was 17%: it will be
 
 54 Af^ Account of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 remembered that the medical reorganization was effected in 
 November, 1847. T^^*^ X^^'' '^4^ showed a ratio of 16%; 
 1849. 13%; 1850, 10%; 1851, 9>^%; 1852, \\y^%\ 1853, 
 gy^%: in other words, whereas, in the old days, out of every 
 75 patients 15 died, in 1853 but 7 died — a saving of 8 lives 
 in every 75; upon the basis of the total admission in 1853, 
 a saving of 59 lives a year. The figures for the next two 
 years show a slight increase, — viz., io^% and io^% re- 
 spectively. It cannot be objected that in former years the 
 epidemics of typhus and of cholera prevailed and so increased 
 the death-rate, because in 1851, with a record of only 9]/^%, 
 one of the worst types of typhus existed in the hospital to an 
 extent unparalleled for many years, two of its victims being 
 members of the house staff — Gridley and Ravenhill. Again 
 in 1852 Asiatic cholera increased the proportion of deaths as 
 is shown above, which was also the case in 1854. During the 
 next five or six years typhus constantly appeared in the list 
 of deaths. The year 1850 gave a record of 43 typhus deaths; 
 185 I, 97; 1852, 122; or over 19% of all the deaths in the hos- 
 pital. It then began to decline, and the following two years' rec- 
 ord showed respectively a total of 30 and 16 deaths from this 
 cause. The deaths of Gridley and Ravenhill caused the Medi- 
 cal Board to urge upon the Board of Governors the necessity 
 of at once improving the quarters occupied by the staff, which 
 were in a very unsanitary condition. It would be difficult to 
 explain how it was that cases of typhus and cholera were ad- 
 mitted to the hospital in view of the fact that both were looked 
 upon as communicable diseases by the Medical Board, as is 
 shown by a resolution passed by the board in 185 i, refusing 
 to sanction the use of the penitentiary hospital for the recep- 
 tion of patients from the Ward's Island hospital on the ground 
 that most of these cases were typhus fever, and again in 1852 
 by a protest of the board against the admission of cholera at 
 the institution or ground. Nevertheless typhus continued to 
 come, and the board was ordered in 1854 to make ready the 
 room over the cook-house for the reception of cases of cholera 
 — of all places the very worst. The disease was not confined
 
 An Account of Bellevite Hospital. 55 
 
 to the latter place, however, for this same year the garret of 
 the hospital was reported to be in a condition which was a 
 disgrace to the institution. Eight patients were lying on the 
 floor, and a number of cases of cholera and of dysentery had 
 occurred there. Puerperal fever was also making inroads. 
 The number of deaths from this cause for the eight years from 
 1848 to 1855, inclusive, averaged ten a year; in 1853 and 
 1854 all the cases died, — namely, twelve. The average num- 
 ber of deliveries for the last six years of the former period 
 was 210. Following close on the heels of puerperal fever 
 was erysipelas; it is recorded that it caused most of the surgi- 
 cal deaths. Another epidemic of puerperal fever occurred in 
 the latter part of January, 1857, when Dr. Barker was the 
 visiting physician on duty. At a meeting of the Academy of 
 Medicine on October 7, 1857, he announced his belief, after his 
 observations in Bellevue, of the specific character of the dis- 
 ease, the various lesions in the peritoneum and in the pelvic 
 and uterine cellular tissue being local manifestations of a gen- 
 eral constitutional disease of toxaemic origin. He thus describes 
 the character of that epidemic: "Succeeding a period of al- 
 most unparalleled cold came that long spell of warm, damp, 
 close, foggy weather. This change had scarcely set in when 
 one after another as the women were delivered — these wards 
 having been previously healthy — they began to develop, one 
 pelvic cellulitis, another peritonitis, another ovaritis, another 
 metritis; all of the asthenic type and with an early tendency to 
 gangrene or suppuration, while scarcely one escaped without 
 a threatening, at least, of those terrible torments of nursing- 
 women, sore nipples or mammary abscess. Indeed so well 
 established did this state of things become, that a pulse of 120 
 and a flushed cheek were looked for as a matter of course on 
 the morning after confinement, and the normal results were 
 luxuries to the attendant physician." 
 
 The hospital in 1854-55 was crowded to its utmost capacity, 
 the number of patients treated in 1853 was 5564, and had 
 nearly doubled since 1847. The warden reported in January, 
 1855, that the hospital had 200 more patients than its proper
 
 56 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 capacity. Every nook and corner was occupied ; the garrets, 
 the basement, and the room over the cook-house had been 
 appropriated to their use. It was now decided by the Board 
 of Governors to build an addition to the main building, and 
 they immediately set about it. This addition was the wing 
 extending eastward from the main house along the Twenty- 
 eighth street side. It was erected at a total cost of $60,000, 
 and was formally opened on April 23, 1855, by an address by 
 the President of the Board, Dr. John W. Francis. This wing 
 was raised to a height of four stories in anticipation of an im- 
 portant change which was efifected in the following year in the 
 main structure. This was the addition of a fourth story and 
 a large amphitheater designed to accommodate 600 persons. 
 There was at that time nothing in the United States to equal 
 this operating theater. With the exception of a few slight 
 alterations, the main hospital building in its external appear- 
 ance was then the same as it appears to-day. The amphi- 
 theater was remodeled about 1870. It was then the finest 
 hospital in the city, with an estimated capacity of 1200 beds, 
 and possessing all the improvements in hospital architec- 
 ture. The lying-in ward accommodated about 250 patients 
 yearly. 
 
 But this was not all that w^as done at this time. For several 
 years the subject had been agitated of doing away with the nox- 
 ious dead-house that had existed for so long, and of replacing it 
 with a larger and better building, more suitable and convenient 
 for that purpose. It was due largely to the energy and zeal of 
 James R. Wood that the sum of $3000 was appropriated for 
 this purpose in 1853, but four years elapsed before the build- 
 ing was completed. It was built of brick, two stories in height. 
 The upper story was designed as a pathological museum, and 
 contained a spacious lecture-room. This museum became the 
 Wood Pathological Museum of Bellevue Hospital. Dr. James 
 R. Wood presented it with his private collection of pathological 
 specimens, and from time to time to the present day the col- 
 lection has been supplemented both by Wood and others of 
 the Bellevue staff, and it now contains some of the most rare,
 
 Henry B. Sands, M. D. 
 
 [From a photograph loaned by his son. Dr. Robert A. Sands.]
 
 An Account of Bellcvne Hospital. 57 
 
 interesting, and unique specimens of anatomical dissections and 
 pathological specimens to be found anywhere. 
 
 And now the desire that had ever actuated the Medical 
 Board from its organization to apply the great clinical advan- 
 tages in the hospital to the purposes of instruction received a 
 new stimulus. 
 
 Ever since the plans of 1850 had been so summarily aban- 
 doned, clinics had been held at various irregular times and in 
 a somewhat irregular manner, being arranged in no well-or- 
 ganized scheme ; the students varied much in numbers — some- 
 times fifty and on some occasions as many as two hundred at- 
 tended. When the new pathological building was in course of 
 erection, a committee of three was appointed to prepare a plan 
 for clinical instruction, certificates to be given to students who 
 attended according to such plan. This plan was announced 
 by Dr. James R. Wood on the opening of the lecture-room 
 October 19, 1857. Dr. Wood stated that the Medical Board 
 had inaugurated a new era in medical instruction, and that the 
 lectures instituted would be the first systematized series of 
 clinical lectures ever delivered in this country.^ 
 
 The corps of lecturers included Drs. Clark, Parker, Metcalfe, 
 Elliot, and J. R. Wood. Tickets for this course were obtain- 
 able by medical students and practitioners on the payment of a 
 fee to the Medical Board. This plan continued in operation 
 not more than three years. A new and important departure 
 was made by the Medical Board in the latter part of i860. In 
 the spring of that year, the old board often governors was su- 
 perseded by a new board of control called the Board of Com- 
 missioners of Public Charities and Correction. It consisted of 
 four members — Simeon Draper, President, and James B. Nich- 
 olson, Moses H. Grinnell, and Isaac Bell, Jr. Shortly after 
 they came into power they proposed for the better and more 
 economical management of the various institutions under their 
 care to place the medical departments of all the institutions on 
 the island, with the exception of the Lunatic Asylum and the 
 
 1 The first clinical instruction in the United States was organized by Dr. Thomas 
 Bond in the Pennsylvania Hospital in 1776.
 
 58 Afi Account of Bellcvue Hospital. 
 
 Infant's Hospital, in the care of the Medical Board of Bellevue. 
 This board, in response to a request from the commissioners, 
 investigated these several hospitals through a committee ap- 
 pointed for the purpose. The members of this committee were 
 Drs. Taylor, James R. Wood, McCready, Meier, Crane, and 
 Clark. This committee made a very exhaustive report to the 
 board on December 18, i860, and after due consideration of the 
 subject, the Medical Board acceded to the request of the com- 
 missioners, By this arrangement 960 patients additional came 
 under the care of the Bellevue board. This report closed with 
 the following important words : "In view of the great advan- 
 tages accruing from the addition of such a large field of practice, 
 . . . thus enlarging the field of clinical instruction, and the ex- 
 tensive opportunities for advancing the cause of medical science, 
 thereby attracting to an institution in the city of New-York a 
 large number of medical students, does it not, with even this 
 cursory view of the subject, become an important question 
 whether, ere many days elapse, Bellevue Hospital should not 
 have connected with it a college for the education of young 
 men, independent of a mere hospital for clinical teaching, thus 
 making it one of the best hospitals and medical schools in 
 the United States — nay, in Europe? The committee think 
 the subject is one worthy of consideration, and tliat some plan 
 might be suggested to carry it out with effect. There are many 
 reasons why it should be, and every exertion ought to be at- 
 tempted to accomplish it. The commissioners will come up to 
 the work when the proper time arrives for its consummation, 
 as it is now brought forward at their suggestion and request."* 
 On the 3 1st of the same month it was resolved that " we as 
 a Medical Board agree to lecture according to the plan pro- 
 posed by the commissioners."' These schemes rapidly took 
 shape; March, 1861, eleven"- out of the active members of the 
 Medical Board signified their willingness to connect themselves 
 with the proposed college. The college was incorporated, and 
 
 1 Extracts from the Minutes of the Medical Board, Dec. 31, i860. 
 
 2 These were Drs. Taylor, Wood, Hamilton, Sayre, Mott, Smith, Barker, Elliot, 
 McCready, Gouley, and Loomis.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 59 
 
 on April 1 1 the commissioners gave permission to erect a 
 building within the hospital inclosure. 
 
 The clinical courses at Bellevue conducted by the Medical 
 Board since 1849, and with renewed vigor after the addition of 
 the pathological building in 1857, had so grown in value to 
 students of medicine, that in the annual report for i860 the 
 board was able to record that upward of three hundred tickets 
 had been taken out. The enlargement of the field for study 
 which had already taken place was made suggestive to the 
 Medical Board of wider benefit, and they determined, if possi- 
 ble, still further to systematize the course of instruction, and 
 amplify its scope. And being in this enthusiastically seconded 
 by the new Board of Commissioners, Bellevue Hospital Medi- 
 cal College was the outcome. 
 
 What remains to be recorded in the history of the hospital 
 during the remainder of this period pertains directly to the 
 staff itself And first as to its organization : in December, 
 1849, the house service was divided into three medical and 
 surgical divisions ; these divisions were not designated by 
 numbers, however, but simply as medical and surgical services. 
 This was the practice until April, 1853, when the various divi- 
 sions were distinguished as the first, second, and third medi- 
 cal, and the first and second surgical, the obstetrical division 
 being attached to the medical side. Soon after the new wing 
 was opened it became necessary to increase the number of 
 medical divisions, and in 1856 the fourth was added. The 
 third surgical division was not established until October, 1859. 
 The full term of service during all this period, and for some years 
 thereafter, was eighteen months, each interne filling the posi- 
 tions in order of junior and senior assistant, and finally of 
 house physician or surgeon. When the Medical Board took 
 charge of the Island hospitals in i860, a change was made. The 
 junior assistants as soon as they entered the service were sent 
 to the island, and they served at the Island (Charity), Smallpox 
 and Penitentiary hospitals — at the former for three months, and 
 at the two latter for three months ; at the expiration of that time 
 they entered Bellevue Hospital as senior assistants. The many
 
 6o An Acco2uit of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 changes in the staff consequent upon the outbreak of the Civil 
 War make it exceedingly difficult to understand and trace the 
 arrangement of the various services. The records are very- 
 conflicting, and the deviation from the ordinary rule of junior 
 service noted above adds to the confusion. It is an intricate 
 problem, but as nearly as can be ascertained the plan followed 
 was this: The first and fourth medical divisions alternated 
 every six months between the male and the female side of the 
 house. At the same time the staff attached to these divisions 
 changed every three months so that the house physician of 
 the first medical division was on the male side for half of his 
 service, and on the fourth medical, or the female side, for the 
 other half. The second and third medical changed in like 
 manner. The obstetrical division was transferred from one 
 medical division to another in regular sequence every four 
 weeks. The surgical services were fixed. This order pre- 
 vailed as early as April, 1861, and continued until October, 
 1866, at least. Again, during the summer of 1864, the length 
 of service was increased by six months. In May of that year 
 tents were erected on the island for the reception of typhus 
 cases, and the physicians placed in charge were the members 
 of the Bellevue staff who had just finished their service at that 
 hospital. How long this continued does not appear. The 
 fourth medical division was discontinued in October, 1866. 
 
 A diploma has been granted by the governors or commis- 
 sioners of the hospital on the recommendation of the Medical 
 Board, since October, 1852, to such as served the allotted 
 time on this staff in a satisfactory manner. The certificate of 
 service given between April, 1850, and October, 1852, was 
 practically the same in effect, however. Here attention must 
 be given to a certificate of far different significance. For sev- 
 eral years subsequent to 1856 a testimonial was furnished 
 by the Medical Board to such students as had attended the 
 clinics given in the hospital wards and in the amphitheater. 
 Very frequently these testimonials were put forward as evi- 
 dence that the holders thereof had served in Bellevue Hospital 
 or, as it has frequently been put, had been "in Bellevue"; for
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 6i 
 
 that reason the issue of such certificates was discontinued in 
 the spring of 1863/ This certificate was on parchment, 
 15x20 inches in size, bearing an engraving of the hospital. 
 The one of which we have a copy is signed by the president 
 and secretary of the Board of Governors and by the members 
 of the Medical Board, and also bears the governor's seal. It 
 reads as follows: "This is to certify that has at- 
 tended the practice of the Medical and Surgical wards of 
 Bellevue Hospital for the term of one year. In testimony of 
 which the Board of Governors of the almshouse has caused 
 the signatures of its officers and the members of the Medical 
 Board of Bellevue Hospital to be affixed to this diploma on 
 the 23rd day of March, i860." 
 
 Bellevue suffered the loss of the services of many of her best 
 men during the Civil War. She was even in some danger of 
 losing many, if not all, of her Medical Board in 1861. At a 
 meeting of the board held on April 30, 1861, on motion of 
 James R. Wood, a committee consisting of Drs. Elliot, Wood, 
 and McCready was appointed to draft a set of resolutions ten- 
 dering the services of the board to the State of New- York. 
 On May 6 at a special meeting, these resolutions were pre- 
 sented and adopted, and the following correspondence took 
 place: 
 
 New-York, May 6, 1861, 
 
 To His Excellency E. D. Morgan, Governor of the 
 State of New- York: 
 
 Sir: At a special meeting of the Medical Board of Bellevue 
 Hospital, held on the 4th inst., the following preamble and 
 resolutions were unanimously passed, and the secretary was 
 instructed to forward a copy to you: 
 
 WJiereas, At the call of the President of the United States 
 an army is rapidly organizing for service in the field; and, 
 
 Whereas, Military experience has demonstrated the neces- 
 sity for the establishment of hospitals in the neighborhood of 
 troops exposed to the risks of battle and the diseases incident 
 to climate, season, and camp-life; and 
 
 WJiereas, By a natural classification of such diseases in hos- 
 
 iThe name of a holder of this certificate merely, does not appear in the List of In- 
 ternes here published.
 
 62 An Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 pitals the services both of physicians and surgeons may be 
 useful to the government ; therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That the Medical Board of Bellevue Hospital do 
 hereby offer their services to the governor of the State of 
 New- York for such duty as physicians and surgeons in the or- 
 ganization or charge of military hospitals, as may be needed 
 by the government, and may not conflict with the privileges 
 of the medical staff" of the army. 
 
 (signed) Jno. W. Greene, M. D., 
 
 Secretary Medical Board. 
 
 To this the following reply was received : 
 
 Albany, May 8, 1861. 
 
 John W. Greene, M. D., 
 
 Secretary of the Medical Board of Bellevue Hospital: 
 
 Dear Sir: I am directed by the commander-in-chief to 
 acknowledge the receipt of the resolutions passed by the Medi- 
 cal Board of Bellevue Hospital, and to express his sincere 
 thanks for the noble and patriotic offer contained therein. 
 
 This department has, however, made ample preparations 
 with the governors of the New- York Hospital, and has ap- 
 pointed Dr. Agnew to take charge of the same. When the 
 forces are mustered into the service of the United States they 
 pass from the control of this department, and become the 
 charge of the general government. 
 
 It is impossible to say, in the struggle upon which the coun- 
 try is now entering, what may be the future demands upon 
 the labors of our medical men. Should it become necessary 
 to call to our assistance increased aid, we shall gladly' avail 
 ourselves of the manly offer of the physicians and surgeons of 
 Bellevue. Respectfully yours, 
 
 (signed) S. Oakley Vanderpoel, 
 
 Surgeon- General. 
 
 But the young men were not one whit behind their elders. 
 Almost the entire staff" which left the hospital in April, 1861, 
 went to the front; juniors resigned one after the other, while 
 others of the staff" only remained to finish their hospital term 
 before following their example. Most of those who resigned 
 were given certificates, and they did so with the full consent
 
 An Account of Belleviie Hospital. 63 
 
 of the Medical Board. And thus it continued, so that the 
 service in the house was all but demoralized. In March, 
 1862, it is recorded that Bellevue was being drained of its 
 young men. It became very difficult to get enough men 
 capable of attending the wards, and many of the staff were 
 acting house physicians or surgeons during the whole time 
 of their interneship. 
 
 But the staff had worse than war to fight. In 1861 typhus, 
 its old enemy, began again for the seventh time its insidious 
 attack. Slowly but exceedingly sure did it advance, until in 
 March, 1863, Cook and King fell; and in December the next 
 victim, Olmsted, who contracted the disease, it is said, from 
 an isolated case occurring in a general medical ward of which 
 he had charge. Rowe while nursing Olmsted contracted the 
 fever and soon followed him, — January, 1864. Yet two sacri- 
 fices more were made, Devlin and Dewey gave up their lives 
 in April, and the fever ceased. Are they more heroic who 
 die in battle ? 
 
 Of the twenty-one members of the staff, fourteen took the 
 fever and six died.^ Of those who died three were treated in 
 Bellevue and one in a Newark, N. J., hospital ; of the eight 
 who recovered one was treated at Bellevue and two at the 
 Island hospital. 
 
 The number of patients treated at Bellevue in the year i860 
 was more than double what it had been in 1853. The number 
 was constantly tending upward. The annual report for i860 
 states that 1 1,41 1 patients were treated during that year. The 
 deaths were 1013 ; the number of patients under treatment on 
 January i, 1861, was 926. During the year there had been 474 
 births. 
 
 An effort was made in 1863, through some outside influ- 
 ences brought to bear upon the commissioners, to subdivide 
 this immense service by the establishment of four special de- 
 
 1 Besides these, two othersnot members of the staff fell ill of the disease, and both died. 
 They were E. C. Passmore, who visited the fever tents on Blackwell's Island daily, and 
 Dr. Shiverick, who was engaged in recording special cases in the fever wards for one of 
 the visiting physicians.
 
 64 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 partments in the hospital. It was proposed that from the medi- 
 cal department should be separated all diseases of the brain 
 and nervous system, and from the surgical, all diseases of the 
 eye and ear and of the skin, and also all orthopedic cases, and 
 that certain gentlemen should be placed in charge of each of 
 these four special services who had given such diseases special 
 attention. This proposition, when it came before the Medical 
 Board, gave rise to a great deal of rather heated discussion. 
 The proposition was finally rejected. Another proposition put 
 before the board at the same time was the establishment of an 
 out-door department. Both of these questions had been re- 
 ferred to a committee of which Dr. Austin Flint was chair- 
 man, and this committee on June 22, 1863, in an elaborate 
 and carefully prepared report, gave their reasons for accepting 
 the one and rejecting the other. After stating that the only 
 condition necessary for admission to Bellevue was sickness 
 along with indigence, they argue that to reconstruct the ser- 
 vice in the way proposed, would be in direct opposition to the 
 chief end and purpose for which the hospital was established. 
 Were such a system adopted, the natural and necessary in- 
 terest of the attending staff in their respective services would 
 be materially lessened. For this reason neither the medical 
 division could spare the diseases of the nervous system, nor 
 the surgical the proposed eliminations from it. Furthermore, 
 from a canvass of the whole hospital-service, made on the 
 17th of June, 1863, it was found that but thirty-nine cases 
 all told of these diseases could be found, and some of these 
 were under treatment for more important troubles and could 
 not be reckoned in making up the special service.^ "The 
 allotment of the patients to three divisions, medical, surgi- 
 cal, and obstetrical, is as nearly natural as any distribution 
 can be; . . . it is sanctioned by the usage of the oldest hos- 
 pitals, and at Bellevue it has, up to this time, been satisfactory 
 to the patients, the medical officers, and the commissioners. 
 Subdivisions beyond this . . . are called for only by the 
 
 1 There were found fifteen cases of diseases of the eye ; one of the ear; six of tlie 
 skin ; two orthopedic, and fifteen of diseases of the nervous system.
 
 George T. Elliot, M. D.
 
 An Account of Belleviie Hospital. 65 
 
 multiplication of cases of a special class, or by the unfitness of 
 a medical officer to treat such cases." The committee there- 
 fore reported against the change. On the other hand, the 
 proposition to establish an out-patient department met with 
 the approval of the committee. If the relations of such a de- 
 partment to the hospital itself were properly adjusted, it had 
 many things in its favor. It would relieve the hospital of the 
 care of many patients who could be treated as well, if not to 
 better advantage, outside its walls, and it might also be made 
 to add to the scientific character of the hospital. 
 
 Before leaving this period of the hospital's history, it is ne- 
 cessary to add two more to the mournful roll of honor. In 
 1866, on March 29, Lemaire Zabriskie was taken, and the 
 deaths from typhus fever numbered a full score. Richard 
 Varick Pell died on August 22 of the same year, the first and 
 only victim of Asiatic cholera. 
 
 The institutions on the island were reorganized in March, 
 1866. The Island hospital was called Charity Hospital and 
 placed under a separate Medical Board. In consequence of 
 this the "Island service" of the Bellevue staff was discontinued, 
 and in April, 1866, the fourth medical division was abolished. 
 The term of service was reduced to eighteen months, and from 
 that time until 1874 there were three medical and three surgi- 
 cal divisions. 
 
 IV. 
 
 1869-1893. 
 
 The introduction of the ambulance is the beginning of a 
 new era in the usefulness of hospitals in large cities. As a 
 hospital is designed to give aid to the injured and to supply 
 succor to the desperately ill, so is it its imperative duty to ex- 
 tend that aid and succor at the earliest possible moment. But 
 it had not yet occurred to any one that a hospital could do 
 
 5
 
 66 A 71 AccoiDit of Belleviie Hospital. 
 
 more in its beneficent work than wait with open doors for 
 the sufifering to enter. It was like a discovery, the suggestion 
 that a hospital could endow itself with feet and hands, and go 
 out after the sick and the injured and save life which would in 
 many a case perish if relief could not be got before reaching 
 the hospital. 
 
 If Bcllevue did not from the beginning, any more than 
 others, recognize this principle, she was in advance of all others 
 to put it in practice. To one of Bellevue's staff, Dr. Edward 
 B. Dalton, is the honor due of being the first to direct at- 
 tention to the importance of hastening assistance and render- 
 ing it when necessary on the spot before removal, as well as 
 alleviating suffering incident to transportation, and of being 
 the first to propose a plan for carrying into effect these im- 
 provements in the service. 
 
 Dalton proposed to the commissioners the formation of a 
 city ambulance corps. He had an established reputation as 
 an organizer and director of military hospitals, and his sugges- 
 tion therefore carried great weight. Having been accepted by 
 the Medical Examining Board of the State of New-York as 
 regimental surgeon early in i86i, he was in November, after 
 serving four months on board the Quaker City on blockade 
 duty, ordered to join the Thirty-sixth Regiment New-York 
 Volunteers as Surgeon. This regiment was attached to the 
 Second Corps of the Army of the Potomac until December, 
 1862, when the army, then under the command of General 
 Burnside, was divided into three Grand Divisions, and the 
 Thirty-sixth New- York was attached to the Second Brigade, 
 Third Division, of the Sixth Corps under General W. H. Smith. 
 His special aptitude in medical administration was soon recog- 
 nized, and in January, 1863, he was detailed by General Smith 
 as Medical Inspector of the Sixth Corps. In March of this 
 year he resigned his commission as surgeon of the Thirty- 
 sixth Regiment, and was appointed to the new rank of Sur- 
 geon, U. S. Volunteers, 
 
 During the summer of 1863 Dalton was Acting Medical Di- 
 rector of the Army of Virginia under General Dix. After this
 
 All Account of Bellevue Hospital. 67 
 
 he was placed in charge of the Chesapeake General Hospital, 
 and subsequently was Chief Medical Officer of the Balfour 
 General Hospital. Here he remained until March, 1864, when 
 at his own request he was ordered again to join the Army of 
 the Potomac, but was not attached to any special corps. He 
 acted as " Inspector for the Army of the Potomac," and was 
 under the immediate command of Medical Director Thomas A. 
 McParlin. Dr. Dalton was at this time not yet thirty years of 
 age. Here his greatest work began. 
 
 The army, now under the command of Grant, began the 
 campaign of 1864. Immediately after the conflicts in the Wil- 
 derness, Dalton was ordered by the Medical Director to take 
 entire charge of the transportation and care of the wounded. 
 On May 8 the hospital headquarters were fixed at Fredericks- 
 burg, and on the 9th 7000 wounded men were collected and 
 their immediate necessities provided for, Dalton instituting an 
 organization of corps hospitals. This large number of wounded 
 was augmented by those from the battles which followed on 
 the loth, 1 2th, and i8th of May. Many of these it was neces- 
 sary to transfer immediately to Washington, the entire respon- 
 sibility devolving on Dalton. 
 
 The movements of the army made it necessary that the hos- 
 pital stations for the distribution of medical supplies to the 
 army, and the care and transhipment of the wounded, should 
 be in more or less close communication with the front. There- 
 fore during the two weeks that followed, these depots were re- 
 moved from Fredericksburg to Port Royal, on the Rappahan- 
 nock, to White House, on the Pamunkey, and finally, on June 
 18, to City Point, on the James River. At the latter place was 
 organized the Depot Field Hospital of the Army of the Poto- 
 mac, under Surgeon Dalton as chief medical officer. 
 
 Here was established a hospital with facilities for handling 
 10,000 wounded and disabled soldiers. This was by far the 
 largest hospital organized on the field during the war. The 
 encampment contained 1200 hospital tents, and covered an 
 area of 200 acres. Dr. Dalton, in his report to his command- 
 ing officer in December, 1864, states that between May 16 and
 
 68 A 71 AccoiDit of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 October 31 there had been received into the hospital, and "re- 
 tained under treatment for at least forty-eii^ht hours, 68,540 
 sick and wounded. Of these, 48,613 have been transferred to 
 the various U. S. general hospitals in the North, and 10,706 
 have been returned direct from this hospital to duty with their 
 commands." The deaths numbered 1496. The larger num- 
 ber of the patients, of course, were wounded, but some were ill 
 with such diseases as dysentery, diarrhea, malarial fevers, and 
 a few with typhoid and pneumonia. 
 
 Vast as this encampment was, and notwithstanding the 
 character of the cases which were necessarily admitted, no 
 development of disease of an infectious nature occurred within 
 its bounds. Its sanitary conditions were as nearly perfect 
 as they could be made. This hospital was maintained to the 
 close of the war. In March, 1865, Dalton was assigned to duty 
 as Medical Director of the Ninth Army Corps, then operating 
 before Petersburg, and with this command he remained until 
 the surrender. He offered his resignation on the 24th of April, 
 and was specially recommended, on the resignation being ac- 
 cepted, to receive the thanks of the War Department for 
 meritorious services. He was appointed by the President, in 
 1865, Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel of Volunteers. 
 Colonel Dalton then returned to this city. 
 
 The Metropolitan Board of Health was organized in 1866. 
 
 Its jurisdiction extended over a wide territory ; in it were in- 
 cluded the cities of New-York and Brooklyn, the towns of 
 Newtown, Flushing, and Jamaica, besides the whole of Rich- 
 mond and Westchester counties. For the proper administra- 
 tion of the affairs of this large and newly established district 
 an officer of superior executive ability was needed, and Dr. 
 Dalton, shortly after the organization of the board, was ap- 
 pointed by the Health Commissioners as Sanitary Superin- 
 tendent. 
 
 It was while attending to the affairs of this department that 
 Dr. Dalton first thought of applying to the conditions exist- 
 ing in civil life the main principles governing in a field hos- 
 pital the transportation of the wounded. On May i, 1869,
 
 Col. Edward B. Dalton, Surgeon, U. S. A. 
 
 [From a photographic copy loaned by his brother, Mr. C. II. Ualto 
 of Boston, Mass.]
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 69 
 
 the Commissioners of Public Charities and Correction, being 
 then about to estabUsh an outpost of Bellevue in the lower 
 part of the city in the shape of a reception hospital, requested 
 Superintendent Dalton to submit plans for the organization 
 of this relief station, and to include therein his scheme for 
 an ambulance corps. The scheme he proposed was based 
 upon the system of military ambulance service which he had 
 brought to such a high state of efficiency in the Army of 
 the Potomac : easy, safe, and rapid transportation, and prompt 
 service with facilities for treating a more varied class of disa- 
 bility. So complete and specific was his plan in every detail, 
 that it has undergone but little modification since, and is in the 
 main the system existing to-day. Its efficiency and benefi- 
 cence are of daily demonstration. Dr. Dalton divided his 
 plan under the following heads: i, Receiving Depot; 2, Offi- 
 cers and Employees; 3, Materials; 4, Provision and Rules for 
 Transportation ; 5, Duties of Officers at Receiving Depot. 
 
 The commissioners immediately adopted the plan and pro- 
 vided a code of rules. Two of these were the following: "i. 
 There shall be provided at Bellevue Hospital two ambulances 
 of the form recommended by Dr. E. B. Dalton in his report, 
 and it shall be the duty of the warden to see that they are at 
 all times in good order and fit for service, etc. 2. Each am- 
 bulance shall have a box beneath the driver's seat, containing 
 a quart flask of brandy, two tourniquets, a half-dozen ban- 
 dages, a half-dozen small sponges, some splint material, pieces 
 of old blankets for padding, strips of various lengths with 
 buckles, and a two-ounce vial of persulphate of iron." 
 
 Application was made to various carriage-makers for plans 
 for a suitable vehicle, and the ambulance of the Abbott-Down- 
 ing Company was adopted. Assurances were given by the 
 Police Department that they would cooperate in every way in 
 their power with a view to making the innovation the most 
 complete success, and it may be stated here that that depart- 
 ment has fully lived up to its promises, and to it is much of the 
 credit due of making the New- York ambulance service the best 
 in the world. On June 30, the Medical Board of Bellevue
 
 JO An Account of Bellevuc Hospital. 
 
 held the first examination for ambulance surgeons, and in 
 June, 1869, the ambulance system was inaugurated. 
 
 This was the first in the world of the establishment of an 
 ambulance service in cities. Bellevue, in this regard, preceded 
 all other hospitals by eight years. The New-York and Roose- 
 velt Hospitals followed Bellevue's lead in 1877; St. Vincent's 
 
 Bellevue llusiJital Ambulance Nu. 3. 
 
 in 1879; and the Presbyterian Hospital in 1880. Ambulances 
 have been established in Paris, in London and one or two 
 other cities in England, but the system is still in its infancy 
 outside of this country. 
 
 Soon after its organization the ambulance corps was put to 
 a severe test. In July, 1869, a serious riot occurred in Elm 
 Park, four miles from the hospital, and during this summer 
 also there was a period of extreme heat, resulting in many 
 cases of sunstroke, and lives and much suffering were saved 
 which could not have been but for the celerity of the service. 
 This extraordinary burden fell on the ambulance department; 
 the system was found, however, to work with perfect smooth- 
 ness, only lacking a sufficient force to cope with the labors 
 thrown upon it. In 1870, five more ambulances and horses 
 were added to the force. The number of calls responded to 
 from Bellevue in this year was 1401, and from the Reception 
 Hospital in Centre Street (opened in June, 1870) 41 1 were an- 
 swered. In 1 89 1 Bellevue had 4392 ambulance calls; the hos- 
 pital having the next largest number was the Chambers Street
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 71 
 
 Hospital, with 3021 calls. In 1892 there were 4858 calls made 
 by the Bellevue ambulances. 
 
 There are two surgeons connected with the Bellevue corps. 
 These two are not attached to the house staff of the hospital, 
 but are appointed after an examination as to their ability to 
 diagnose and treat cases of surgical or medical emergency. 
 In recent years, and until last spring, these surgeons were paid 
 an annual salary; but in lieu of this they are now permitted to 
 attend the service on the surgical side of the house, acting in 
 about the same capacity as do the junior assistants, but, as has 
 been said before, they are not in the line of promotion. Their 
 ambulance duties are divided in this manner: when a call is 
 received at a time when all the ambulances are in the stable, 
 it is designated a " first call," and the surgeon whose duty it is 
 to respond is said to be "on first call"; if, on the other hand, a 
 call is received from any quarter while one ambulance is away, 
 it is a "second call," and the surgeon who responds is the one 
 "on second call"; a "third call" is quite rare. The surgeon 
 who is on first call during the day is on second call during the 
 night, and vice versa. Each week the surgeons change again; 
 the one who is on first call in the daytime in one week being 
 on second call during the day the next week. 
 
 There are nine ambulances at Bellevue, eight horses, and 
 four drivers. The drivers have an annual salary of $500, 
 besides board and lodging. The examination covering their 
 appointment includes questions on the geography of the 
 city, with special reference to the shortest distances from one 
 given point to another. An ambulance has the right of way 
 over all other vehicles except the Fire Department apparatus 
 and the United States mail wagons. The ambulance itself 
 needs but little description. It is of light weight (600 to 800 
 pounds), made of the best materials. There is a movable floor 
 that can be drawn out to receive the patient, and made in a 
 way to permit of its being easily and thoroughly cleaned, and 
 disinfected if need be. The ambulance carries a stretcher, 
 splint material, cotton and oakum for packing, etc., and hand- 
 cuffs and strait-jacket for insane patients or patients of a demon-
 
 72 An Account of Bcllevnc Hospital. 
 
 strative disposition. The surgeon's bag contains the various 
 necessaries for emergencies, antiseptic fluids, gauze, etc. 
 
 Calls are received over the telephone and telegraph wires 
 of the Police and Fire departments. When a call for one am- 
 bulance is given over the Fire Department wires, the number 
 of the signal-box whence the call is sent is preceded by twelve 
 strokes upon the fire-gong in every ambulance center in the 
 city. These are given in a series of fours, thus: 4-4-4, fol- 
 lowed by the station number, and this by one stroke for each 
 ambulance required. This is a "fire call." If the station is 
 on the border-line between two hospital districts, every effort 
 is made by the ambulance from each of the hospitals to reach 
 the spot first. 
 
 The stables are situated just north of the Twenty-eighth 
 street wing, and have electric connection with the telephone 
 oflFice in the main building. The "drop" or "snap" harness 
 is used. It takes from thirty seconds to two and a half min- 
 utes to respond to a call, and an ambulance will travel at the 
 rate of a mile in from five to eight minutes in the business dis- 
 trict, and from three and a half to six minutes in the less 
 crowded parts of the city. 
 
 The ambulance corps under the direction of the Depart- 
 ment of Charities and Correction, consists of fourteen ambu- 
 lances, — nine at Bellevue, two at the Gouverneur and Harlem 
 hospitals respectively, and one at the new Fordham Hospital. 
 The total number of calls answered by the three hospitals first 
 mentioned, in 189 1, was 8777. This department transports all 
 the hospital cases from the various court prisons in the city. 
 
 The question that agitated the minds of the members of the 
 Medical Board in the year 1870 was the condition of the sur- 
 gical department. While the hospital as a whole was reported 
 to be in good condition (the ratio of deaths for 1870 was 13% 
 of the cases treated), yet the results in cases of amputation 
 and of compound fractures were not very gratifying. About 
 this time (1870) there was a considerable increase in the 
 number of operations performed, and also in the number of 
 cases of severe injury admitted ; but at the same time erysipe-
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 11 
 
 las and pyaemia were also increasing in frequency, and were 
 responsible for a large number of deaths in surgical cases. 
 
 A pavilion was fitted up near the river in 1870 for the re- 
 ception of compound fracture cases, allowing their separation 
 from cases of suppuration and erysipelas occurring in the main 
 building, and the mortality diminished to a great degree. In 
 
 Interior of Ambulance Stables, Looking Toward the Stalls. 
 
 1872 a committee was appointed by the Medical Board to con- 
 sider the prevalence of erysipelas and pyaemia in the hospital, 
 and to recommend means for prevention. The members of 
 this were Drs. Sands, Crane, Janeway, and Gouley. Their 
 report gives several tables showing the relative frequency of 
 these diseases for the preceding eleven years, and also the per- 
 centage of cases of these to the number of cases of open wounds 
 admitted into the hospital. In 1871 there were one hundred 
 cases of erysipelas, a greater number than in any other of 
 these years, except 1863, when the number was one hundred 
 and nine, and 1864, when it was just one hundred. In 1867 
 there were only thirty cases, but the disease had quite steadily
 
 74 ^^^ Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 increased, so that while the average for the three years 
 1866, '6"], '68, inchisive, was 56^^, for the years 1869, '70, '/^ 't 
 was 91 ; for the entire eleven years the average was 77-^- 
 
 Pyaemia also had markedly increased; in 1861 there were 
 twenty cases, in 1862 none were recorded, in 1866 but five, 
 while in 1871 there were thirty-nine. The average number of 
 cases of this disease for the two periods of three years each 
 just mentioned was 17 ]A, and 30 respectively, and for the 
 entire period of eleven years, i/^^f. The ratio between the 
 cases of erysipelas and those of open wounds, while much 
 smaller than in the early years of the period, had been on 
 the increase for the last four years, reaching in 1871 22%. 
 Pyaemia had increased in like manner from 2% in 1866 to 9% 
 in 1 87 1, being then greater than in any other year except 
 1861.^ 
 
 This would not be a very handsome showing at the present 
 day, but at that time it would have compared favorably with 
 the records of other similar institutions. The committee was 
 of the opinion that " in the present state of surgical science 
 the hope of completely eradicating these diseases is vain and 
 illusory." The measures recommended by which to combat 
 erysipelas were isolation, good sanitation, and careful and 
 cleanly nursing. 
 
 As regards pyaemia, the segregation of patients sufifering 
 from accident wounds, together with cleanliness and the anti- 
 septic treatment of open wounds, would, if adopted, surely do 
 away with this disease to a very great extent. 
 
 Eight years elapsed. The report of the Medical Board for 
 1880 shows that out of a total of 1045 deaths, two were from 
 pyaemia, four from septicaemia, while from erysipelas there 
 were none. A comparison is also made between the results 
 obtained in the treatment of compound fractures of the limbs 
 
 1 " New- York Medical Record," 1872, Vol. VII., page 373. In these tables no account 
 is taken of erysipelas developed in the hospital, as the register from which the figures 
 were compiled showed only cases admitted as such, and the deaths from that disease ; 
 the marked increase in the number of operations performed, and of severe injuries ad- 
 mitted in the last five years of the period under consideration, must be taken into ac- 
 count. It is probable that pyaemia had been overlooked in former years.
 
 An Account of Bellevtie Hospital. 75 
 
 in 1870 and in 1880. Exclusive of cases in which the skull 
 was also fractured, and of three cases which ended fatally 
 within thirty-six hours after admission, there were fifty-three 
 of such cases received into the hospital in 1880. Thirteen 
 of these were treated by amputation ; seven of these were 
 fractures of the leg, two of the arm, one of the forearm, and 
 three of the fingers. Of these thirteen, ten recovered — a 
 fraction below ']']%■ Forty cases among which fractures of 
 the leg, arm, etc., were in about the same proportion, were 
 treated conservatively, and of these thirty-six recovered, or 
 90% ; of the number which ended fatally, however, one was 
 not due to hospital conditions ; the other three all occurred 
 in one division in which erysipelas had developed, and they 
 had been treated by the " open " method without drainage. 
 Compared with this showing, here is the record of a single 
 division in 1870. Of the twenty-six cases admitted, one died 
 within two hours ; fifteen of the twenty-five which remained 
 were treated by amputation ; of these, ten recovered, or 
 66j4,%. Of the ten treated conservatively, three were frac- 
 tures of the thigh ; and all of these died. Six out of the ten 
 recovered, or 60%. A most significant feature of this com- 
 parison is the great difference in the number of cases in which 
 attempt was made to save the limb in the latter as compared 
 with the former year (40% in 1870 and over 75% in 1880), 
 this being directly attributable to the improvement in the con- 
 dition of the hospital, and in the method of treatment, and to 
 a factor affecting both of these, namely, the great change in 
 the character of the nursing. 
 
 Contemporaneous with the prevalence of erysipelas and 
 pyaemia, puerperal fever appeared in fatal form. In 1870 
 there were 598 births in the hospital, and 33 deaths occurred 
 from puerperal peritonitis, or about one in eighteen; in 1873, 
 449 births, and 15 deaths from septic infection, or one in 
 thirty.^ 
 
 1 At this time this was the usual proportion of septic deaths in the maternities of this 
 •country and of Europe. — William T. Lusk, "Antisepsis in Midwifery, " Trans. Assoc. 
 Amer. Phys., Vol. V., page 83.
 
 76 All Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 Such things existing, a great clamor was raised in 1872-73 
 against Bellevue Hospital. It had become totally unfit to re- 
 ceive and house the sick. As a hospital it was worse than 
 useless in its present place ; the old walls were the abiding- 
 place of disease and death. 
 
 Committees from the city authorities visited the hospital to 
 report upon this charnel-house. It is related that some of 
 these investigators found not the hideous shapes that they 
 imagined dwelling there ; they gazed upon the walls, and see- 
 ing no "germs/' they went away satisfied that Bellevue had 
 been painted worse than it was. At all events, the reports 
 were unfavorable to the project of removal. 
 
 The Medical Board took occasion at this time to remind the 
 commissioners that ever since the day when Bellevue went into 
 the old almshouse building, they had been persistently urging 
 the authorities to make several alterations in the sanitary ar- 
 rangements, and particularly to remove the plumbing to out- 
 side the wards, and to allow to each patient 1 200 cubit feet of 
 air space. The latter change had just been effected by reducing 
 the number of beds from 900 to 600, thereby giving 1 280 cubic 
 feet of air to each patient. They also brought forward the 
 question of the establishment of pavilions for the reception of 
 serious surgical cases. 
 
 The rate of mortality in Bellevue Hospital did not vary much 
 from the ratio prevailing in the other large general hospitals in 
 this country and in Plurope — thus in 1873 the ratio in Belle- 
 vue of deaths based on the total number of patients was 
 14.2 in 100; in 1874, 14.08; and in 1875, 12.5. In 1875 the 
 rate in the general hospitals in London ranged from 7.2 in the 
 Royal Free Hospital, to 12.7 in King's College; in the Edin- 
 burgh Royal Infirmary it was 9.2, and in the Glasgow Infir- 
 mary 1 1.8 in 100. The mortality in amputation cases in nine 
 London Hospitals averaged 41 1 in 1000; in the Royal Infirm- 
 ary at Edinburgh 433 out of every lOOO of these cases died. 
 Again, in the largest lying-in hospital in St. Petersburg, in 
 which about 2000 women were confined in a year, the death- 
 rate in 1876 ranged between one in twenty and one in thirty.
 
 All Accotmt of Bellevue Hospital. yj 
 
 However, in 1874, puerperal fever took on an epidemic 
 character. Between January i and June 11, out of 166 cases 
 of confinement 31 women died of septic infection. But even 
 this was not an uncommon occurrence in the best-appointed 
 maternities.' The errors inherent in the method of governing 
 the maternity service then prevaihng, were fully appreciated 
 by the Medical Board, as was also the pressing need of pro- 
 viding a remedy, but they did not believe that the evils re- 
 sided in the hospital building itself. Nevertheless, the opinion 
 of those least capable of judging prevailed, and the lying-in 
 service was taken from Bellevue. The obstetrical department 
 had been located in the east end of the north wing, on the 
 upper floor, and was attached to both the medical and surgi- 
 cal services, the junior assistants serving one month as senior 
 assistants in the obstetrical division, and the seniors one month 
 as house physicians. 
 
 Two wooden pavilions were erected on Blackwell's Island 
 and attached to the Charity Hospital staff, and the lying-in 
 department was transferred to them. It was not long, how- 
 ever, before the death-rate in the pavilions exceeded that 
 which had obtained at Bellevue, and they also were aban- 
 doned. After this transfer to the island was made, the com- 
 missioners arranged with several private establishments to re- 
 ceive the class of patients who first come into hospital after 
 labor has begun. This lasted but a short time, and these in- 
 stitutions refused to receive such patients. Thereupon it was 
 ordered that these women be taken on board the transfer steam- 
 boat. Here many were confined while awaiting transporta- 
 tion, being attended by one of the staff, and one of the nurses 
 from the new training school, but no other provision being 
 made for them. This arrangement continued until 1877, 
 when the attention of the Grand Jury was called to it, and as 
 a result the Emergency Hospital was established. 
 
 A building on Twenty-sixth street between Second and 
 Third avenues, which had been used as an engine-house by 
 the Fire Department, was fitted up as a lying-in hospital, and 
 
 1 Lusk, loc. cit.
 
 78 An Account of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 attached to the Bellevue service. This is in operation to-day. 
 On the ground floor are two rooms, a waiting-room and a 
 kitchen and laundry. On the second floor are two wards, one 
 where the women are confined, the other for their subsequent 
 reception. An addition was built to this which was designed 
 as an isolation ward, but is now used as the nurses' room. 
 The hospital is under the supervision of Drs. William T. Lusk 
 and William M. Polk of the Bellevue staff, and the service is 
 assigned in rotation for six weeks at a time to the four medical 
 divisions of Bellevue. 
 
 While on duty at the Emergency the internes are governed 
 by special regulations; they are not allowed to be present at 
 autopsies or to visit the erysipelas pavilion; to assist at surgi- 
 cal operations or the dressing of wounds. The head nurse is 
 from the Bellevue Training School, and the nurses under her 
 direction are undergraduates of the school. 
 
 This small hospital receives the worst cases of neglected 
 and complicated obstetrics occurring in the city; cases of sep- 
 sis and cases in which capital operations have been attempted 
 already. And yet the records may be placed alongside of 
 those of the best maternities in the land. Between 1885 and 
 1890, 837 confinements took place in its wards; of these, sixteen 
 patients died, or about one in eighty-two. But of these deaths 
 at least fourteen could not in any way be ascribed to the hos- 
 pital; of the other two, one, a case of twin pregnancy, died of 
 puerperal fever following a prolonged and difficult labor, while 
 the record of the other has been lost. For the two years end- 
 ing December 31, 1892, with the exception of the last six days 
 of December, there have been 345 deliveries and one death. 
 In this case the woman was admitted in a dying condition, 
 suffering from eclampsia. This is the showing of an institu- 
 tion which, judged by the scientific rules governing the con- 
 struction belonging to modern maternity architecture, is but 
 a makeshift hospital, but, for all that, in it modern scientific 
 midwifery is practised.^ 
 
 i A detailed account of the methods followed may be found in the paper 
 (by. Lusk above cited.
 
 A 71 Account of Bellevue Hospital. 79 
 
 Neither the practice of antisepsis nor the application of 
 modern sanitary laws — neither of these nor both together 
 could have brought the hospital to its present efficiency if it 
 had not been for the Bellevue Training School ; indeed, neither 
 of these is practicable except by means of intelligent agents. 
 Prior to the establishment of this school, the nursing of the 
 sick was scarcely superior to a pretense. The nurses, or 
 rather those employed as such, were nearly without exception 
 to the last degree incompetent. They were ignorant, indif- 
 ferent, dishonest ; they were eye-servants. Sairey Gamp and 
 her pardner Mrs. Prig were ubiquitous. They " drank fair," 
 and only attended to their patients when " so dispoged." 
 
 This state of things had grown out of the employment of 
 people from the penitentiary as attendants, nurses, and general 
 helpers about the hospital, and was an heirloom from the 
 primitive times when the hospital itself was only an economi- 
 cal attachment of that institution and the poorhouse. Most 
 of them had just served enforced time on the island, and 
 worked without pay and for the sake of the board and lodging 
 and the dishonest perquisites they obtained. 
 
 To begin the reform involved the difficulty of finding women 
 to discharge duties which in the estimation of most were no 
 better than menial, but yet which needed a combination of 
 coolness and sympathy, patience, courage, and endurance, 
 along with earnestness of purpose, to be found in comparatively 
 few. But such were at last found who have been willing to 
 subordinate these ideal qualities to the discharge of the offices 
 of waiting and tending, and the hospital, not to say the people 
 at large, is reaping year by year the benefits resulting from 
 this school. 
 
 The New-York Training School for Nurses Attached to 
 Bellevue Hospital was established in May, 1873, under the 
 sanction of the Medical Board, by a committee of ladies of the 
 State Charities Aid Association. The Training School Com- 
 mittee secured the house No. 314 East Twenty-sixth street as 
 a home for the nurses, and receiving assurances that the neces- 
 sary changes in the building would be completed by May i.
 
 8o An Account of Bellcviie Hospital. 
 
 they agreed to begin work in the wards on that date. Mean- 
 while they were making every effort to engage a competent 
 person to act as superintendent, and it was only after much in- 
 quiry that they at last obtained Miss Helen Bowdcn of the 
 University College Hospital of London. This lady, known in 
 England as Sister Helen, was possessed of a wide experience 
 in matters pertaining to hospital nursing, and by her energy, 
 tact, and superior executive ability was the school guided 
 through its first and most trying period. She was ably sec- 
 onded by her assistant. Miss Van Rensselaer. 
 
 The standard of qualifications was placed high, and although 
 there was not the large number of applications for admission 
 looked for by the managers, the standard was not lowered. 
 Only four applicants appeared for the position of Head Nurse, 
 and Sister Helen accepted only three of them. Twenty-nine 
 sought admission to the school during the first seven months, 
 and ten of these were rejected. The Board of Managers, of 
 which Mrs. William H. Osborn was chairman, and Mrs. A. P. 
 Woodworth the secretary, received in this year donations 
 to the school, from many of the open-handed citizens of New- 
 York, to the amount of over $22,000, and many of the neces- 
 saries for furnishing the home besides. In 1874 the trained 
 nurses were placed in the lying-in department ; it was at the 
 beginning of the puerperal fever epidemic, however, and this 
 department was soon abolished. During this year four more 
 wards were placed in charge of Sister Helen, making nine in 
 all, — to wit, three female medical, and three male and three fe- 
 male surgical wards. Out of 118 applicants this year, but 
 twenty-nine were accepted, and only twenty of these remained 
 longer than the probation month. The first class was gradu- 
 ated in 1875. It included six nurses, and one of these went 
 as superintendent to the Boston Training School, then just 
 established. 
 
 Such is the origin of the Bellevue School, the mother of 
 training schools in this country. The aim of the founders of 
 this school was twofold, — first, to improve the condition of the 
 hospital sick, and second, to utilize the hospital as a clinical
 
 "^ 
 
 w. 
 
 I 
 
 
 South \'icu" ijf Alculmlic I'aNilion. 
 
 Male Medical Ward.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 8i 
 
 school for instruction in the art of nursing the sick among 
 the rich and the poor alike. These two objects they have 
 achieved. The great improvements that have been brought 
 about in general hospital practice in the last twenty or thirty 
 years, must be in large measure credited to the efforts of Flor- 
 ence Nightingale in England, and the managers of Bellevue 
 School in this country. The occupation of the nurse is now 
 a noble one, and the sphere of woman's usefulness has been 
 enlarged. 
 
 In 1876 Sister Helen was forced, on account of ill health, to 
 return to England, where she is still living, and Miss Van 
 Rensselaer also was obliged to leave. The managers accepted 
 these losses with deep regret. The school then came under 
 the superintendency of Miss E. P. Perkins, under whose care it 
 flourished for twelve years, when in 1888 she also retired. 
 The present superintendent. Miss Agnes S. Brennan, who was 
 appointed on the retirement of Miss Perkins, is an alumna of 
 the school of the class of 1882, and had been Miss Perkins's 
 assistant for four years. Miss Anna W. Kerr, of the class of 
 1 89 1, is assistant superintendent. The president of the Board 
 of Managers is Mrs. William Preston Griffin. The Nurses' 
 Home is now situated close to the hospital grounds on the 
 south side of Twenty-sixth street. It was purchased by Mrs. 
 William H. Osborn, of the Board of Managers, and leased to 
 the school in 1878. The number of nurses in the school is 
 sixty-four. During the past year 1 860 applications were made, 
 and out of these thirty-nine were accepted on probation. It is 
 easily seen from these figures that none but the very best were 
 chosen. The course of instruction extends through two years. 
 An applicant is accepted only upon a month's probation ; at 
 the end of that time, if she is acceptable to the superintendent, 
 she becomes a pupil of the school and pledges herself to re- 
 main for the full term of two years. At the end of a year, af- 
 ter passing an examination conducted by members of the house 
 staff, she is eligible for the position of head nurse, the best of 
 the class being chosen for this important post. One of the re- 
 sponsibilities of a head nurse is the training of the pupil nurses
 
 82 A?i Account of Bellcvtie Hospital. 
 
 placed under her. The nurses are trained in the care of men, 
 women, and children, in medical, surgical, gynaecological, and 
 obstetrical cases, through all the vast range of diseases that 
 are admitted to Bellevue. The curriculum includes, beside 
 bedside instruction by the medical and surgical staff of the 
 hospital, didactic teaching by a corps of lecturers and by the 
 assistant superintendent, in anatomy, physiology, materia med- 
 ica, and practical nursing. At the end of two years a pupil is 
 graduated a trained nurse, among the best in her profession. 
 Up to the present time (1893) 421 nurses have been gradu- 
 ated. The school is constantly receiving requests to furnish 
 superintendents or matrons of hospitals the world over. Since 
 the time a graduate of the initial class was made superintendent 
 of the Boston Training School, many others of the alumnai 
 have accepted positions of a similar kind. Every training 
 school for nurses, of any importance, in this country to-day 
 has been organized under tlie direction of graduates of the 
 Bellevue School. The New- York Hospital School was thus 
 begun, and the Mount Sinai Hospital Training School likewise ; 
 and the nursing in many of the large hospitals in the country 
 is now under the superintendence of Bellevue graduates. 
 Among them may be mentioned the City (formerly Charity) 
 Hospital, and the Hospital for the Ruptured and Crippled, in 
 this city; Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore; both Cook 
 County and St. Luke's, Chicago, and Indianapolis and Wash- 
 ington hospitals also. An alumna of Bellevue was chosen 
 from among many competitors, for the position of matron of 
 the Lying-in Hospital, London, England; others have gone to 
 Japan, China, Turkey, and the list might be extended still 
 further. 
 
 In 1882 St. Paul's Home for Trained Nurses was established 
 in Rome, Italy, where American or English nurses might be 
 obtained by travelers from these countries when taken ill 
 abroad. It is now under the care of a Bellevue nurse. 
 
 On Christmas Day, 1887, Mr. D. O. Mills presented to the 
 Department of Public Charities and Correction a sum of 
 money to erect and establish a school for the training of male
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital, 83 
 
 nurses. The commissioners set aside a plot on the southeast 
 corner of the Bellevue grounds, and by December, 1888, the 
 building was completed. It was opened for the reception of 
 pupil nurses on December 17 of that year, and placed under 
 the supervision of the female training school. The five wards 
 allotted to it were each put in charge of one of the graduates 
 of the latter school, and the first pupils were taught by them. 
 This continued until the first class was graduated, except that 
 in June, 1889, Mrs. A. S. Willard, an alumna of the female 
 training school of the class of 1887, was placed in full control 
 as superintendent, a position which she still holds. The entire 
 male side of the hospital, with the exception of the insane 
 patients, is under the care of these male nurses. The course 
 of instruction extends over a period of two years. The 
 alumni now number thirty-five, each of whom holds a diploma 
 signed by the Board of Commissioners and the Board of Man- 
 agers of the school.^ 
 
 This period of the hospital's history also has its record of 
 epidemic disease among the members of the staff. 
 
 In 1869-70 there occurred in this city a large number of 
 cases of that disease which rarely appears in this country — 
 relapsing or famine fever; so large a number that a special 
 temporary hospital was established on Hart's Island in Feb- 
 ruary, 1870." Many cases were admitted into Bellevue and 
 treated in the general wards. Six members of the staff con- 
 tracted the disease ; every one, however, recovered. 
 
 Once more, in 1880, typhus fever developed in the hospital. 
 A very large number of cases occurred in the city, and some 
 were inadvertently admitted into Bellevue, but were imme- 
 diately transferred to the Riverside Hospital for infectious 
 diseases, then on Blackwell's Island. Nevertheless, one mem- 
 ber of the staff was stricken down, and barely escaped with 
 
 1 The commissioners also maintain a training school for male nurses in connection 
 with the City Hospital. This was organized in 1887. 
 
 2 From February to August, 1870, during which time this hospital was open, 1673 
 cases of this disease were admitted. The percentage of deaths was 6.87. Two mem- 
 bers of the medical staff, seven of the nurses and orderlies, and many of the other at- 
 tendants took the disease ; two nurses and one orderly succumbed.
 
 84 An Account of Belleviie Hospital. 
 
 his life. He was isolated in the then new Sturges pavilion, 
 and his colleagues on the stafif nursed him b>' turns. 
 
 The only time in the history of the hospital when fire oc- 
 curred to any serious extent was in 1879. About eleven 
 o'clock on the night of December 6, the nurse in wards 31 
 and 32 located in a pavilion which stood on the site of the 
 present Marquand, and which contained women and children, 
 discovered fire. She quickly gave the alarm, but with such 
 rapidity did the flames advance that they could not be checked, 
 and the building, which was of wood, was almost entirely de- 
 stroyed. Four lives were lost by this disaster — three children 
 were suffocated by the smoke and one woman died from 
 shock, after removal. The cause of the fire was unknown. 
 
 It remains but to describe Bellevue Hospital as it appears 
 at the present day. On entering the grounds through the 
 substantial gate-house on the Twenty-sixth street side mid- 
 way between First Avenue and the East River, one sees be- 
 fore him the main building, three of the six pavilions be- 
 longing to the institution, the building of the Out-Door 
 Department, and on looking directly through the archway 
 under the north wing, the ambulance stables. By ascending 
 the steps of the main building on the side of the hospital 
 which faces the river, the visitor enters the main hall which 
 runs through the building from east to west. Directly in front 
 is the main stairway. A second and narrower hall crosses 
 the main one at right angles immediately in front of the stair- 
 way, connecting the two wings of the hospital. On the 
 right of the main hall, close to the entrance, is the Medical 
 Board room. In this room is the tablet erected by the com- 
 missioners to the memory of those members of the house staff 
 who died in the discharge of duty. Directly opposite this 
 room, on the left of the entrance, are the warden's office and 
 the telephone office. 
 
 Two memorial tablets have been placed in the wall in 
 the main hall on the right — one to Valentine Mott, and the 
 other to the memory of Austin Flint. On the left is the ros- 
 ter of the medical and surgical staff. On the right of the
 
 Office and Private Laboratory of the Chief of tlie General Drug Department.
 
 An Acconnt of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 85 
 
 stairway is the doctors' dining-room, and on the left the ele- 
 vator. All that part of the building to the south of the mid- 
 dle house is devoted to the medical and gynaecological de- 
 partments, and all that part which lies to the northward, with 
 the exception of two wards, to the surgical department. On 
 the main floor, to the south and west, lie, first, the two male 
 
 ] )g.FAfVrMg.NT-) PUBLIC [HAFUTIEi — QafM^ECTH 
 
 Ground Plan of the Main Building. 
 
 wards (Nos. 26 and 27) of the First Medical Division, and 
 next, the two female wards of the Fourth Medical Division, 
 No, 28 general medical, and No. 29 gynaecological. From 
 the latter the Townsend pavilion, which lies to the westward, 
 is reached by a covered passageway. Immediately above 
 this floor are the four wards of the Second Medical Division, 
 from within outward wards 25 and 24 male, and 22 and 23 
 
 6a
 
 86 All Accoiuit of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 general female and gynaecological respectively. A covered 
 way leads from ward 22 to the Lazarus rooms on the east end 
 of the Marquand pavilion, and from ward 23 to the Dehon an- 
 nex, on the west end of the same pavilion. On the floor above 
 the Second is the Third Medical Division, wards 18 and 19 
 male, and 21 and 20 gynaecological and general medical female 
 respectively. 
 
 Passing now to the surgical side : On the main floor are the 
 wards of the First Surgical Division. Beginning at the extreme 
 east end of the north wing, are ward i for women and chil- 
 dren, and wards 2, 3, and 4 for men. To the westward of 
 ward 4 is a ward for males. No. 5 of the Fourth Surgical 
 Division, while to the southward of ward 4, toward the middle 
 house, is ward 6, one of two male wards of the Fourth Medi- 
 cal Division. On the floor above this is the Second Surgical 
 Division. Beginning again at the extreme east end, come 
 wards 7, 8, 9, and 10, the first one for women and children, 
 and the others for men. To the westward of ward 10 and 
 directly over ward 5, is another male ward of the Fourth Sur- 
 gical Division, ward ii. On the floor above is the Third 
 Surgical Division, wards 16, 15, 14, and 13, the first one being 
 for women and children, and the others for men. To the west- 
 ward of ward 13 is ward 12 of the Fourth Surgical Division, 
 for women and children, while to the southward of ward 13, 
 toward the middle house, is the other male ward of the Fourth 
 Medical Division, ward 17; the third male ward of the P'ourth 
 Surgical Division is ward 30, which is on the ground floor of 
 the north wing, under ward i. 
 
 Each ward contains on an average twenty beds, and is under 
 the charge of a head nurse and two subordinate nurses, one of 
 the senior and one of the junior class. The head nurse remains 
 in the same ward for a period of six months, while the others 
 are changed about every two or three weeks. The day-nurses 
 are on duty from 8 A. M. to 8 P. M., with an hour or two inter- 
 mission for each. The night-nurses have each two wards, and 
 are under the orders of the night superintendent of nursing. 
 
 At the first mezzanine landing of the main stairway above
 
 An Account of Bellevtie Hospital. 87 
 
 the hall is the entrance to the new chapel, which is situated on 
 the First Avenue front .of the main building. On the third 
 floor of the middle house, directly over the board room and 
 warden's office, are the warden's dwelling-rooms, with win- 
 dows opening on the river-side. On the same floor, on the 
 First Avenue side, directly over the doctors' dining-room, is 
 the warden's dining-room, and next to that, over ward 6, are 
 the offices of the superintendent of the training school for 
 female nurses, who is also the matron of the hospital. The 
 two floors of the middle house above this are devoted to the 
 doctors, and are styled "Doctors' Hall." 
 
 All of the doctors' rooms except two overlook the river ; 
 each room has a private bathroom connected with it, with all 
 the latest improvements in plumbing. These bathrooms have 
 just been added. It may be stated here that the plumbing of 
 the whole hospital is in the best of order. It is all placed in a 
 series of towers, erected in connection with different parts of 
 the main building, and has been renovated within the last two 
 years on the latest sanitary plans. 
 
 In the dome is the new amphitheater, which, with one 
 exception, — the new Syms Operating Theater attached to the 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, — is far superior to any- 
 thing of the kind in this city, perhaps in the country. It was 
 erected in 1890 by the commissioners, at an expense of about 
 $25,000. The entire interior of the old amphitheater (built in 
 1 871) was torn out to the masonry, and the new theater is 
 planned on a much smaller scale, leaving considerable space 
 external to it, which is divided up into the various rooms de- 
 lineated in the diagram. This theater has a seating capacity 
 of nearly 300, and is so arranged that every student at a clinic 
 has a clearer view of what is being done in the arena. The 
 front wall of the theater, facing the river, is entirely of glass, 
 giving the best of light. The floor of the arena is of asphalt, 
 and it slopes, so that it can be washed down with a hose. 
 The Medical Board is about to place in the amphitheater two 
 bronze mural tablets to the memory of deceased members of 
 the consulting and visiting boards.
 
 88 An Account of Belleviie Hospital. 
 
 In the northwest corner of this floor is the Crane operating- 
 room. This was a gift from Mrs. Mary Crane Mills, through 
 Dr. Lusk, in memory of her father, Dr. John J. Crane, for- 
 merly one of the visiting surgeons to Bellevue. Platforms 
 placed at difTerent heights afford standing-room for thirty to 
 forty observers. The entire north wall of the room is also of 
 glass. The room is furnished with a glass operating-table, a 
 large combination galvanic and faradic battery, and iron and 
 glass stands for instruments. It also has an asphalt floor. On 
 the ground floor of the hospital, to the left of the entrance, is 
 the general admission office, and in connection with it the 
 " dressing" office. This is in charge of the surgeon on office 
 duty for the week, and is in the care of one of the female 
 nurses. It is the ofiice where all such minor surgical cases 
 are treated that have no need to remain in the hospital. Next 
 to this is the store-room and clothes-room. In the latter, all 
 articles of apparel belonging to patients, that are not abso- 
 lutely worthless, are kept and returned to the owners upon 
 their discharge. All money and otlier valuables are kept in 
 the safe in the warden's office. 
 
 On the ground floor of the southwest wing are dormitories 
 for the help, also the male alcoholic cells. The drug-store is 
 on the right of the main entrance to this floor, and in the 
 northwest wing are more dormitories and the cells for alco- 
 holic females. 
 
 In the basement of the northeast wing, under ward 30, is 
 the lodging-house for males and females. This place is in- 
 tended for such as apply for hospital care after the transfer boat 
 to Blackwell's Island has left on its last trip for the day, and 
 that are not fit patients for Bellevue. Here also are kept those 
 unfortunates who apply at the hospital for a night's lodging. 
 
 There are eight pavilions and annex wards attached to the 
 hospital. Five of these are the gifts of private citizens. The 
 first one was built in 1879. It is the gift of Mr. and Mrs. 
 W. H. Osborn of this city, and is called the Sturges pavilion. 
 It is located on a site south of the northeast wing, in close 
 proximity and running parallel to it. The building is of brick,
 
 Manufacturing Laboratory in the General Drug Department.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 89 
 
 ^O 
 
 i-i 
 
 Dv 
 
 o £
 
 90 A 71 Account of Be I lev ue Hospital. 
 
 one story in hei<jht, with a mansard roof. It has two wards, 
 but as it is intended principally for a particular class of cases, 
 one ward is much larger than the other. The male ward takes 
 up about two thirds of the building, being 30 feet wide and 
 100 feet long. At the rear of this ward is a wide piazza over- 
 looking the river. 
 
 The female ward is to the right of the entrance, 17 feet 
 wide by 27^ feet long. Opposite this ward are the kitchen 
 and the nurses' room. The intentions of Mr. and Mrs. Osborn 
 in presenting this building have been strictly adhered to. All 
 cases upon which a capital operation has been performed are 
 transferred here and placed under the care of the female nurses. 
 There is also one of the old orderlies in attendance who acts 
 under their direction. The female ward is used principally for 
 laparotomy operations. 
 
 The next pavilion was erected by the commissioners, and is 
 in outward appearance somewhat like the Sturges. For many 
 years prior to 1 879, all cases of suspected insanity were admitted 
 to the two basement wards of the hospital known as the "alco- 
 holic cells," regardless of the degree of mental impairment. 
 
 The impossibility of properly caring for these cases in such 
 surroundings was early recognized. It was seen that a serious 
 wrong was being done the insane by throwing them in contact 
 with cases of delirium tremens, with inebriates, and often with 
 the criminal class. After much agitation of the matter an ap- 
 propriation was made, and a pavilion was built for the recep- 
 tion of these cases. This pavilion, known as the Insane pavilion, 
 was opened on June 21, 1879. It is located on a site parallel 
 with the Sturges, near the Twenty-sixth street side of the 
 grounds. A wide corridor runs the entire length of the in- 
 terior in the center, and there are twenty-four rooms or cells 
 opening from it. The building is divided into two wards by 
 sliding iron doors, one ward being for male and the other for 
 female patients. These wards are intended only for patients 
 whose sanity is in question, where they may be kept under ob- 
 servation until the proper commitment papers can be made out 
 for their transfer to other institutions.
 
 An Accoicnt of Bellevue Hospital. 91 
 
 The great majority of the patients admitted belong to the 
 laboring class, but many persons of wealth and refinement are, 
 from force of circumstances, brought to this pavilion. Patients 
 are admitted upon the commitment of a police justice, upon 
 permits granted by the superintendent of the Out-door Poor, 
 or the examining physician of the Department of Public Char- 
 ities and Correction, or upon being brought by ambulance with 
 the diagnosis of insanity. Patients from the hospital wards, or 
 those brought by friends without permits, are only admitted 
 after examination by the physician in charge and with his 
 consent. The number admitted yearly has largely increased 
 since the opening of the pavilion. From June 21, 1879, to 
 January i, 1880, 403 patients were admitted, while for the year 
 ending October i, 1892, the total number of admissions was 
 2103. The largest proportion of these (1528) were transferred 
 to the City Asylum. 
 
 Prior to 1 874 the insane were visited by a physician ap- 
 pointed for the purpose, who directed the transfer of those pa- 
 tients that he considered proper cases for confinement in an 
 asylum. On the passage of the laws of 1874, however, relative 
 to the commitment of the insane, it became necessary to have 
 each case examined by two physicians, called Examiners in 
 Lunacy, who made out the necessary certificates. This still 
 continues in force. In March, 1886, Dr. A. E. Macdonald, who 
 was then the Medical Superintendent of the New- York City 
 Asylum for the Insane, was appointed by the Board of Com- 
 missioners of Public Charities and Correction, General Super- 
 intendent of the asylums in their department, and the pavilion 
 for the insane at Bellevue was included among the institutions 
 coming under his supervision, though still attached to Bellevue 
 Hospital. The Medical Board of the hospital, at a meeting 
 held on December i, 1887, resolved that one physician from 
 each medical division should visit the pavilion for three months 
 in turn, beginning with the fourth division. Besides all this 
 supervision, there is the constant attendance of the house 
 doctor. The care of the insane was administered by the medi- 
 cal divisions of the hospital previous to 1882, each house
 
 92 A?i Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 physician serving for six weeks at a time. The number of the 
 insane kept constantly increasing, and to avoid the confusion 
 incident to a frequent change, it was determined to appoint a 
 resident physician to serve on an annual salary, which was done 
 on November 19, 1882. He is known as the Resident Phy- 
 sician in charge of the department of mental diseases.' 
 
 In March, 1886, the training school agreed to supply two 
 day and two night nurses to the female ward of the pavilion, 
 in order that the nurses might receive the benefits of a training 
 in the care of the insane. The training school was to receive 
 the same compensation for these nurses as for those in the 
 general wards. This continued for three years, when, on ac- 
 count of a disagreement between the Board of Managers of 
 the training school and the commissioners, in regard to an 
 increase of money paid to the school, the nurses were with- 
 drawn by the school, although the commissioners made stren- 
 uous efforts to retain them. The vacancies thus caused were 
 filled by trained attendants from the New -York City Lunatic 
 Asylum on Blackwcll's Island. A special female attendant 
 was appointed in October, 1889, for the purpose of taking 
 charge of all insane women while in transit to the various in- 
 stitutions to which they have been committed. There are now 
 five female and four male attendants, all of whom are trained 
 at the City Asylum before being appointed to the pavilion. 
 
 The Marquand pavilion came next in order. It was erected 
 in 1883 by Messrs. F. and H. Marquand, in memory of their 
 brother, Josiah Penfield Marquand. This pavilion was placed 
 on the site of the one which had been destroyed by fire four 
 years before. It is of brick, one story in height, and it contains 
 one large ward, one half of this being for women and the 
 other half for children. This ward is attached to the First 
 Medical Division. In the rear of the ward are a kitchen and 
 rooms for isolation purposes in doubtful cases of childrens' 
 diseases. 
 
 In April, 1887, Mrs. Richard H. L. Townsend, of this city, 
 presented to the hospital a pavilion called the "Townsend 
 pavilion." It is situated just opposite the west end of the 
 
 1 For names of all these officers, see the catalogue.
 
 Interior of the Sturges Pavilion. 
 
 Interior of the Marquand Pavilion.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 93 
 
 south wing of the hospital, and is connected with the latter by 
 a covered way opening into ward 29. It has a frontage on 
 First Avenue of 70 feet, being of smaller size than either 
 of the pavilions previously mentioned. It is attached to the 
 gynaecological department of the Fourth Medical Division. 
 It is built of brick, with blue stone trimmings, and is two 
 stories high ; on the First Avenue side there is a mural tablet 
 bearing the motto of the King's Daughters, " In His Name." 
 The interior is divided into operating, patients', and nurses' 
 rooms. It is under the special care of Mrs. Townsend. 
 
 The next addition was the gift of Miss M. H. Dehon, of this 
 city. In 1890, at a cost of $6000, Miss Dehon built upon the 
 west end of the Marquand pavilion a suite of seven rooms and 
 an operating-room which is attached to the Second Medical 
 Division, and connected with ward 23 (until recently ward 22) 
 by a covered way. It is known as "The Annex." 
 
 The operating-room is arranged for the best light, and has 
 all necessary furnishings ; the annex is carefully looked after, 
 and its every want promptly supplied by Miss Dehon. 
 
 In the spring of 1891, Miss Josephine Lazarus, of this city, 
 proposed to the managers and the Alumnae Society of the 
 Training School for Female Nurses to provide accommodations 
 for such as fell ill among the graduates of the school, and who 
 heretofore had been compelled to go to other hospitals. The 
 managers and the alumnae gratefully accepted Miss Lazarus's 
 offer, and the commissioners granted permission to build four 
 rooms on the east end of the Marquand pavilion. These were 
 accordingly built and handed over to the Alumnae Society in 
 the spring of last year (1892). The commissioners in giving 
 their consent made the proviso " That the city should be at 
 no expense," so now when a nurse falls ill she provides her 
 own attending nurse. The members of the Alumnae Society 
 established, last fall, a sick-fund, and each one agrees to pay 
 toward it $4.00 a year, and to this has been added a gift of 
 Mrs. M. K. Jesup of $5000 in memory of her sister, Mrs. 
 Cuyler, who was for many years the secretary of the Board 
 of Managers of the school.
 
 94 -^^^ Account of Bellevtie Hospital. 
 
 During the past few years many alterations and improve- 
 ments have been made in Bellevue by the commissioners, and 
 are still making, with a view to rendering the building as safe 
 as possible from the danger of fire, and, in a sanitary point of 
 view, free from any defect. The great improvement in the 
 plumbing has been mentioned ; all the old doors of the building 
 have been replaced by heavy ones covered with sheet iron, 
 and all windows opening into passageways have been closed 
 up, the whole being done on a plan approved by the Fire 
 Department. But the greatest of all improvements in recent 
 years is the erection of the new alcoholic pavilion (1892), 
 which insures the speedy removal of the last remnant of the 
 days of yore. This building lies in juxtaposition to the east 
 end of the north wing, parallel with Twenty-eighth street. It 
 is two stories in height and is built of brick. A diagram of 
 the first floor is here shown. The first floor is for men, and 
 the second, a counterpart of the first, is for women patients. 
 This service is rotating and of six weeks* duration, attached to 
 the medical divisions. During the year ending December i, 
 1892, 4539 alcoholic patients were received into Bellevue; 
 3347 of these were men. There is no other general hospital 
 in this city which receives such patients, but all such are 
 brought to Bellevue. The mortality in the cells for the period 
 donated above is a fraction over 6% among the men, and 
 not quite 3)4% among the women. This refers to the cases 
 of pure alcoholism as a rule, because, as soon as any complica- 
 tion is discovered, the patient is immediately removed to the 
 general wards, and if the case prove fatal it is not charged to 
 the cell record. 
 
 The erysipelas pavilion is a small building made of corru- 
 gated iron, which has recently been removed from the old site 
 on the river-front, opposite the center of the grounds, to a po- 
 sition nearer Twenty-eighth street. It contains twelve beds — 
 six for men and six for women. It is attached in rotation to 
 the surgical divisions. 
 
 In that part of the Bellevue grounds which lies between the 
 north wing and the Twenty-eighth street boundary are two
 
 An Account of Bellevtie Hospital. 
 
 95 
 
 f^sr 
 
 n 
 
 ex 2: 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 tO 
 
 >- 
 
 11 
 
 h 
 
 
 
 1- 
 
 u 
 
 « 
 
 
 < 
 
 E 
 
 6 
 
 n 
 
 
 >- 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 ,M 
 
 >- 
 % ^ 
 
 "O 
 
 A^^^
 
 96 An Account of Belleznie Hospital. 
 
 low brick buildin^^s, reached through the archway under this 
 wing. The one opposite the arch and to the right is the am- 
 bulance stable, and the one to the left, the building of the 
 General Drug Department. This latter was erected in 1887, 
 upon plans designed by the head of this department, Dr. 
 Charles Rice. It is the administrative center of the largest 
 drug bureau in this country. It furnishes medical and surgi- 
 cal supplies to all the institutions under the care of the De- 
 partment of Public Charities and Correction of the City of 
 New-York, and bears about the same relation to this depart- 
 ment as the Pharmacie Centrale to the analogous department 
 of Paris. This department in New-York includes eight hos- 
 pitals, besides several minor ones attached to these and re- 
 ceiving their supplies from them; the four branches of the 
 New- York City Lunatic Asylum; the almshouse and work- 
 house, the penitentiary, Tombs prison and four district pris- 
 ons, and four large dispensaries. In these institutions there 
 are at one time about 17,000 persons, and in the dispensaries 
 about 60,000 patients are treated annually, each patient being 
 counted but once. 
 
 The headquarters of this bureau at Bellevue include the 
 oflfice and private laboratory of the chief officer of this bureau, 
 a manufacturing laboratory, a general store-room and distrib- 
 uting office, and several smaller store-rooms for special classes 
 of articles. 
 
 The General Drug Department manufactures most of the 
 pharmaceutical preparations used in these municipal institu- 
 tions, and such chemicals as can be more economically 
 made than purchased, or which are required to be abso- 
 lutely pure. Another large part of the work is the analysis 
 of medical supplies, whether purchased or made on the prem- 
 ises, and various technical and food products, besides other 
 similar investigations. This bureau investigates each day 
 the quality of the milk supplied to Bellevue Hospital, and 
 as a result of the scrutiny the poor of this hospital are fur- 
 nished milk equal to the very best that can be purchased in 
 the city.
 
 An Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 97 
 
 Upon the west side of the hospital Hes the chapel called 
 "Christ the Consoler." This beautiful chapel is also the gift 
 of Mrs. Townsend. It was built in 1889, and dedicated upon 
 Easter Monday in that year, and presented to the New-York 
 Protestant Episcopal City Mission Society. It has as its chap- 
 lain the Rev. Henry St. George Young. The site of this 
 
 Interior of the Chapel. 
 
 building is directly opposite the main entrance. The style 
 of architecture conforms to that of the hospital building. It 
 is three stories in height; upon the ground floor is a room for 
 the "lady visitors," with store-room and closets. These ladies 
 attend here at intervals and distribute clothes and other 
 articles to the more deserving of the patients when they are 
 discharged from the hospital; on the south side of this floor 
 is a mortuary for the dead awaiting burial. The next floor is 
 reached from the main floor of the hospital, and also by a 
 flight of stone steps on the opposite side facing Twenty-sev- 
 enth street. The chapel proper is on the floor above, and is 
 7
 
 gS A)i AccoiDit of Be I lev uc Hospital. 
 
 reached from the hospital side, as is noted above, from the 
 first mezzanine landing of the main staircase. It is 43 feet 
 long by 21 feet wide, and is fitted up with benches having 
 accommodations for about one hundred persons. The altar is 
 of carved oak; there are also a brass eagle lectern, a marble font, 
 and an organ. The windows are of cathedral glass, those in 
 the apse having full-length figures, — the one in the center is 
 Christus Consoiator, — and on either side an angel. The services 
 are held in the chapel every Sunday, and many times during 
 the week praise- and prayer-meetings are held, when large 
 numbers of patients attend. Members of the Young Men's 
 Christian Association hold meetings in the reading-room every 
 Monday evening, besides. Here is a corner of Bellevue where 
 sadness and sorrow shall flee away. 
 
 Another chapel is about to be erected. For those of the 
 Roman Catholic faith a place of worship has been designed, to 
 be placed on the extreme northwest corner of the grounds. 
 Miss Leary, of this city, has identified herself with this pro- 
 ject, and most of the money has been raised through her ex- 
 ertions. The chapel is to be 80 feet long by 25 feet wide, 
 and built of the same kind of materials as is the hospital itself. 
 It will be administered by a compan\' of Carmelite friars. 
 
 The first chaplain to the hospital of which there is any 
 mention is the Rev. John Stanford, in the old almshouse 
 days. The only religious service, it is said, was for many 
 years the reading of the Scriptures and prayers in the different 
 wards, and frequently on the Sabbath Christian men visited 
 the hospital to distribute tracts and read the Scriptures to the 
 inmates. In later years religious services were held in the am- 
 phitheater by both Protestants and Roman Catholics. Nowa- 
 days, the patients are continually visited by many missionaries 
 and colporteurs sent by the various Christian organizations and 
 missions. 
 
 The river-front of Bellevue has undergone much improve- 
 ment during the past year (1892). A great deal of land has 
 been reclaimed by filling in the ground between Twenty-sixth 
 and Twenty-eighth streets up to the bulkhead line of Ave-
 
 A 71 Account of Bellevtte Hospital. 99 
 
 nue A, or six hundred feet to the eastward of First Avenue. 
 The Department of Docks built a long and wide pier at the 
 foot of Twenty-eighth street; this, with the large Twenty-sixth 
 street pier (finished in 1885), which is the general distributing 
 and receiving depot for all the institutions on Blackwell's, 
 Ward's, Randall's, and Hart's islands, forms a wide slip in front 
 of Bellevue. Along the Twenty-eighth street pier lies the 
 United States school-ship St. Marys when in home waters ; 
 on the south is the berth of the transfer steamboats of the de- 
 partment, the Minnahanonck and TJionias S. Brcnnan, while 
 in the waters in front is the anchorage used by the New-York 
 Yacht Club, and frequently by government vessels. 
 
 The largest building in this part of the grounds is the Home 
 of the Mills Training School, which is six stories in height and 
 stands immediately to the east of the dispensary and college 
 building. The two upper floors contain the Wood Museum. 
 Near this building is the new city morgue and deadhouse, 
 built upon the most approved present-day plans for such places.^ 
 
 The latest improvement in the hospital was begun in Novem- 
 ber, 1892. The old cook-house on the First Avenue side, 
 which was put up in 1850, was torn down to make room for a 
 model kitchen, the plans for which are now under consideration. 
 
 The efficient executive head of the hospital is Mr. William 
 B. O'Rourke, who was appointed warden in 1891. His assis- 
 tant is Mr. M. G. Rickard, formerly for many years the registrar. 
 
 Since 1874 the medical supervision has been divided into four 
 medical and four surgical divisions. In the fall of that yean 
 after the transfer of the lying-in department to the island, the 
 staff" was completely reorganized ; the First Medical Division 
 was changed to the Third ; the Second to the First, the Third 
 to the Second, and the Fourth was reestablished. The First 
 Surgical Division became the Second; the Second, the First; 
 the Third remained the Third, and the Fourth was organized. 
 In the spring of 1882 an important modification was made in 
 the manner of making the staff appointments. Four grand 
 divisions were recognized — three of these collegiate, and one 
 non-collegiate. Each comprised one medical and one surgi- 
 
 1 During 1892, 7871 bodies were received here.
 
 lOO A?i Account of Bellcz'ue Hospital. 
 
 cal division. The board appointments on each of the collegi- 
 ate divisions are controlled by the three medical colleges of the 
 city, respectively, while on the other division the appointees 
 are not necessarily college officers. The First Medical and 
 Second Surgical divisions are placed in the care of the faculty 
 of the Medical Department of Columbia ; the Second Medical 
 and First Surgical in that of the University of the City of New- 
 York ; and the Third Medical and Surgical divisions in that of 
 the Bellevue Hospital Medical College. The Fourth Medical 
 and Surgical divisions make up the non-collegiate division. 
 The house-staff appointments are made in like manner. 
 
 The Medical Board consists of three consulting physicians 
 and three consulting surgeons, and a staff of twenty-seven vis- 
 iting officers. To each medical division three physicians are 
 assigned, and to all of these except the first, one gynaecologist ; 
 to each surgical division three surgeons. 
 
 Bellevue Hospital is conducted upon the lines that make for 
 the best results — as a hospital, and as a school of clinical 
 medicine and of practical nursing. During the period of year 
 when the colleges are open, forty-one clinics and section classes 
 are held weekly in the hospital. Twelve clinics are held in the 
 amphitheater, at each of which from one hundred and fifty to 
 two hundred students attend; four of these are medical, six are 
 surgical, and two are gynaecological clinics. In the Crane 
 room eight are held — six surgical and two gynaecological. At 
 each of these about thirty students attend. Two gynaecologi- 
 cal clinics are held in the annex the year round. Nineteen 
 section classes of about twenty students each are conducted in 
 the wards ; eight of these are medical, nine surgical, and two 
 gynaecological. One hundred and twenty nurses are under 
 training in the wards. The purposes aimed at and ever kept 
 in view are, by accuracy and skill in diagnoses, and by judi- 
 cious and discerning treatment, to cure disease, to relieve suf- 
 fering, and at the same time to educate and develop expert 
 physicians and skilful nurses. 
 
 The only way in which the success obtained in hospital 
 management can be approximately shown, is by the rates of
 
 Crane Operating Room 
 
 I iilti iiir iif Airiiihithcater.
 
 An Accou7it of Bellevue Hospital. loi 
 
 mortality. There are two ways in vogue of determining this 
 ratio : first, by comparing the number of deaths with the total 
 number of cases coming under treatment during the year. 
 This method involves the error of counting the number of 
 cases remaining in the hospital at the time of making a report, 
 and again counting them in the next estimate. The other 
 method is by comparing the number of deaths with the number 
 of cases discharged plus the number of deaths. This is based 
 upon the total of cases in which the treatment has been con- 
 cluded whether by death or discharge. The latter method is 
 the one that has generally been followed at Bellevue. During 
 the year ending on December 31, 1892, 16,541 patients were 
 treated in Bellevue. Of these, 14,383 were discharged, and 
 1 500 died — by the latter method of reckoning, a ratio of mor- 
 tality of 9I per cent.^ Of those who died, 295 patients lived 
 but twenty-four hours after admission; deducting these, the 
 ratio of deaths is 7-/^ per cent. There is no other hospital in 
 this city with which this can be compared, because no other 
 hospital in this city receives the same large class of desperate 
 and hopeless cases of disease, nor is there another hospital 
 which receives cases of alcoholism, certainly not in any great 
 numbers. Of the admissions to Bellevue in 1892, 3265 cases 
 were transfers by the ambulances of other hospitals. The fig- 
 ures for 1 89 1 (the last year for which the figures of other city 
 hospitals are at hand) show that the admissions at Bellevue ex- 
 ceeded by 430 those at any three other hospitals taken toge- 
 ther, inclusive of the City Hospital, and by 40 the admissions 
 at any other five, exclusive of that hospital. 
 
 There is a method of securing low mortality rates, however, 
 which is not Bellevue's way. About once in every five days 
 a patient is brought to Bellevue in a moribund condition by 
 an outside ambulance, and dies, if not immediately, within a 
 few hours after admission.- Within the past fortnight the 
 writer witnessed the death of a patient directly after arrival, 
 
 1 In 1874, ^^ ratio was 15K per cent. ; in 1880, 141^,; ; in 1886, iij per cent. 
 
 2 The number of such cases in 1892 was 70 — nearly 25 per cent, of the number who 
 died within twenty-four hours after admission. Besides these, a number died in the 
 ambulance at the entrance to the grounds. 
 
 7A
 
 I02 A?i Account oj Bcllcznic Hospital. 
 
 who had been transferred by ambulance from his home, within 
 three quarters of a mile of the hospital from whence the am- 
 bulance came, to Bellevue, two miles away. If one of the pur- 
 poses for which the ambulance system was established was to 
 get rid of undesirable cases, then the ambulance is not a wholly 
 benevolent institution ; moreover, Bellevue is then " hoist with 
 her own petar." 
 
 The success in hospital management attained by Bellevue 
 justifies the confidence reposed in the commissioners and in 
 the Medical Board, by those citizens of New-York who have 
 conferred upon Bellevue in such large measure the means of 
 improving the condition of its inmates. There is room, how- 
 ever, for much more to be done for the hospital. 
 
 Bellevue, with its yearly census of over i6,ooo patients, has 
 a maternity ward of six beds. This ward is not only inade- 
 quate in size, but it possesses inadequate means of caring for 
 patients. It has not sufficient room for the proper segrega- 
 tion of patients, nor has it the means of ventilating the build- 
 ing after modern methods, and no room for the disinfection of 
 clothing, etc. The record of the Emergency Hospital is an 
 earnest of the good work that could be done if Bellevue had a 
 modern obstetrical pavilion. 
 
 Bellevue Hospital has its wards for the proper and exclusive 
 care of operation cases, and now its pavilion for the treatment 
 of cases of alcoholism, but there is a large class of cases ad- 
 mitted which demands special watchfulness and care, but for 
 which no special provision is made. This is the class of fever 
 cases. During the five years ending on July i, 1892, the num- 
 ber of cases of pneumonia treated in Bellevue was 11 34, and 
 of typhoid fever 398. Many of these cases it is impossible to 
 save ; many of them live but a few hours after admission. 
 Taking them all in all, the prognosis is not as favorable in 
 these diseases as it is in cases of alcoholism, or in the major 
 operations of surgery — in some seasons it is very much worse. 
 The results of treatment in fever cases obtained in Bellevue are 
 probably as good as in any other institution of the kind labor- 
 ing under the same disadvantages, yet the mortality ratio is
 
 Ail Account of Bellevue Hospital. 103 
 
 too high in these diseases. Perhaps it is not unreasonable to 
 suppose, therefore, that were better accommodations provided 
 for fever cases, so that they might be cared for in rooms by 
 themselves, exempt from the noise and turmoil of a general 
 hospital ward, many of these lives might be saved. A pavilion 
 where, among other things for instance, the hydropathic treat- 
 ment of fever might be more conveniently and completely car- 
 ried out, with means for the proper care of patients during con- 
 valescence, would aid materially in reducing the death-rate in 
 these and allied diseases. 
 
 It is sometimes the case that people who are able and willing 
 to lend aid in a charitable way need to be informed of a direc- 
 tion in which to extend their help. Bellevue Hospital is respect- 
 fully submitted as worthy to be a recipient of such attention. 
 
 With all the opportunities for clinical study at Bellevue, 
 and notwithstanding the endeavors made by the members of 
 the Medical Board to take advantage of them, yet the hospital 
 has an undischarged debt which it owes to the profession at 
 large. No systematized effort is made to impart the know- 
 ledge and experience that might be gathered from its clinical 
 and statistical records. What is done in this direction has 
 been done only in an irregular and imperfect way. It needs 
 time, money, and the careful, conscientious work of an ana- 
 lytical recorder to prepare this material for publication, and 
 steps ought to be taken right away to this end. 
 
 A notable part of Bellevue's history has not been related. 
 An abler pen would have to tell of her achievements in the 
 fields of medicine and surgery. Of the bold surgery of Mott; 
 of the artistic surgery of Wood — periosteal surgery, insep- 
 arably connected with the name of Wood, had here its birth- 
 place ; of the skill and precision of Flint in medical diagnosis, 
 all the world has heard. And Clark in medicine, Van Buren 
 in surgery. Barker in obstetrics, Hamilton a master in the 
 plastic art — these continue the brilliant record. These are 
 Bellevue's laurels, and to every man of Bellevue they will ever 
 be an incentive to great things. They will be his inspiration 
 and their guiding principle his motto — Natura arte.
 
 Children's Surgical Ward. 
 
 Operating Room of the Dehon Annex.
 
 CATALOGUE OF THE 
 
 MEDICAL AND SURGICAL STAFF— 1736 to 1894 
 
 ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY AND CHRONOLOGICALLY
 
 CONSULTING PHYSICIANS. 
 
 ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY. 
 
 EXPLANATORY. 
 
 Medical Colleges that are departments of universities are 
 designated by the name of the university. The College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons of this city is thus designated for 
 degrees conferred subsequent to i860. 
 
 The term "Visiting Physician or Surgeon " refers to a hospital 
 appointment, unless otherwise stated. 
 
 The term "Attending Physician or Surgeon" refers to a dis- 
 pensary appointment. 
 
 Out-patient Departments of hospitals are called "dispen- 
 saries." 
 
 * Deceased. 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 1879 Barker,* Fordyce, 1891. 
 
 A. B., Bowdoin, 1837; A. M., 1840; M. D., 1841; Paris 
 Univ., 1844; LL. D., Columb., 1878; Edin., 1884; Prof. 
 Obstet., Bowdoin, 1845-46,661!. Hosp. Med. Col., 1861-68 ; 
 Prof. Clin. Midw. & Dis. Worn., 1868-82; Emeritus, 
 1882-91; Pres. Med. Soc. State N. Y., 1856; N. Y. Acad. 
 Med., 1882. Author of "Lectures on Uterine Displace- 
 ments," Rep. by B. T. Roath (Lecture first, 23 pp., 8°. 
 Baker, Godwin & Co., N. Y., 1853); " Fibrous Tumor of 
 the Uterus; Excessive Hemorrhage ; Removal by Excision," 
 8 pp., 8°, 1857; "Remarks on Puerperal Fever," 23 pp., 
 8°, 1857 ; " On the Comparative Use of Ergot and the For- 
 ceps in Labor," 16 pp., 8°, 1858; "On the Use of Anzes- 
 
 107
 
 io8 A 71 Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 thetics in Midwifery," 9 1., 8°, 1861 ; "Blood-letting as a 
 Therapeutic Resource in Obstetric Medicine," 14 pp., 8^, 
 1871 ; " The Puerperal Diseases: Clinical Lectures Deliv- 
 ered at Bellevue Hospital," xiii., 526 pp., 8- (Appleton, 1874), 
 translated into German, French, and Italian; "The Rela- 
 tion of Puerperal Fever to the Infective Diseases and Pyae- 
 mia," 15 pp., 8°, 1875, Died in N. Y. City, 1891, aet. 74; 
 cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 1884 Clark,* Alonzo, 1887. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1828; A. M., 183 1, & Dartmouth, 1844; 
 M. D., Coll. Phys. & Surg., N. Y., 1835, & Berkshire, 1843 ; 
 LL. D., Univ. Vt., 1853; Prof. Physiol. & Path., Coll. 
 Phys. & Surg., 1848-56; Prof. Path. & Pract. Med., 1855-87; 
 Pres. Fac, 1875-83. Died in N. Y. City, 1887, a:t. 80. 
 
 1886 Delafield, Francis,* 
 
 1847 Franxis,* John Wakefield, 1861. 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1809; A. M., 1812 ; M. D., Coll. Phys. 
 & Surg., 1811; LL. D., Trinity, 1850; Prof. Obstet. & 
 Med. Jurisp., Rutgers Med. Coll., N. Y. ; Mat. Med., Coll. 
 Phys. &Surg., 1813-16; Instit. Med., 1816-20; Obstet., etc., 
 1820-26; Pres. N. Y. Acad. Med., 1848. Died in N. Y. 
 City, 1861, aet. 72; cause, carbuncle. 
 
 1852 Oilman,* Chandler Robbins, 1865. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Penn., 1824; Lect. Obstet. Dis. Women & 
 Child., 1840; Prof., 1841. Died in Middletown, Conn., 
 1865, aet. 63 ; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 1847 Manley,* James R., .1851. 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1799; A- ^-j 1802; M. D., 1803; Pres. 
 Med. Soc, State of N. Y., 1825-26; V.-Pres. N. Y. Acad. 
 Med., 1849. Author of'' Inaug. Address Before Med. Soc. 
 N. Y.," 28 pp., 8°, N. Y., 1826. Died in N. Y. City, 185 1, 
 aet. 70; cause, asthenia. 
 
 1874 McCready,* Benjamin W., 1892. 
 
 M. D., Coll. Phys. & Surg., N. Y., 1835; Prof. Mat. 
 Med., N. Y. Coll. Pharm. ; Prof. Mat. Med. & Therap., 
 Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1861-72; Emeritus, 1872-92. Died 
 in N. Y. City, 1892, aet. 79. 
 
 1 See List of Internes since 1850.
 
 Consiiltmg Physicians. 109 
 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 1861 Metcalfe, John Thomas, 
 
 U. S. Mil. Acad., West Point, 1838, 2d Lieut., resigned 
 1840; M. D., Univ. Penn., 1843; Vis. Phys., N. Y. Hosp. 
 Lying-in Women, 1850-60; N. Y. Deaf & Dumb Instit., 
 185 1 ; Prof. Physic. Diag. & Dis. of Chest, Univ. City N.Y., 
 1852-54; Prof. Instit. & Pract. Med., 1854-66; Vis. Phys., 
 St. Luke's Hosp., N. Y., 1853; Nursery & Child's Hosp., 
 1855-60; N. Y. Hosp., 1857; Con. Phys., N. Y. Hosp., 
 1859, St. Luke's, Roosevelt & N. Y. State Woman's Hosps. ; 
 Prof. Clin. Med., Columb., 1866-75; Emeritus since 1875. 
 
 1826 Roe,* Stephen C.,^ 1844- 
 
 M. D., Coll. Phys. & Surg., 1817; Phys., N. Y. State 
 Prison. Died, 1844; cause, apoplexy. 
 
 1876 Taylor,* Isaac E., 1889. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1830; M. D., Univ. Penn., 1834; Pres. 
 Faculty,Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1861-89; Prof. Obstet. & Dis. 
 Women and Child., 1861-67; Emeritus, 1867-89. Died in 
 N. Y. City, 1889, set. 78; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 1852 Wood,* Isaac,^ i 
 
 CONSULTING PHYSICIANS. 
 
 ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY. 
 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 1826 Roe,* Stephen C, 1844. 
 
 1847 Francis,* John Wakefield, 1861. 
 
 1847 Manley,* James R., 185 1. 
 
 1852 Oilman,* Chandler Robbins, 1865. 
 
 1852 Wood,* Isaac, 1868. 
 
 1861 Metcalfe, John Thomas, 
 
 1874 McCready,* Benjamin W., 1892. 
 
 1876 Taylor,* Isaac E., 1889. 
 
 1879 Barker,* Fordyce, 1891. 
 
 1884 Clark,* Alonzo, 1887. 
 
 1886 Delafield, Francis, 
 
 1 With this exception, we believe there was no consulting board prior to 1847. 
 2 See List of Resident Physicians.
 
 no An Account of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 CONSULTING SURGEONS. 
 
 ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY. 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 1884 Hamilton,* Frank Hastings, 1886. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1830; A. M., 1833; LL. D., 1869; M. D., 
 Univ. Penn., 1835; Prof. Mil, Surg. Frac. & Disloc, Bell. 
 Hosp. Med. Coll., 1861-65; Mil. Surg. Frac. & Disloc. & 
 Prin. Surg., 1865-68; Prac. Surg., 1868-75; Cons. Surg., 
 Rupt. & Crip. & St. Eliz. Hosps. Author of " A Practical 
 Treatise on Fractures & Dislocations," xx., 757 pp., 8° 
 (Phila., Blanchard & Lea, i860; 3d ed., 1866; 6th Amer. 
 ed., 909 pp., 8°, 1880); "A Treatise on Military Surgery 
 & Hygiene," viii., 648 pp., 8° (N. Y., Bailliere Bros., 1865); 
 " The Principles & Practice of Surgery," xxvi., 943 pp., 8° 
 (N. Y., W. Wood & Co., 1872). Died, 1886, aet. ^l\ 
 cause, fibroid phthisis. 
 
 1887 Keyes, Edward Lawrence, 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1863; A. M., 1866; M. D., Univ. City N. 
 Y., 1866; Cons. Surg., St. Eliz. & City (late Charity) 
 Hosps.; Lcct. Dermat., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1871-73; 
 Prof., 1873-75 ; Prof. Dermat. & Adj. Prof., Prin & Pract. 
 Surg., 1875-81 ; Prof. Cutan. & Genito-U. Dis., 1881-90. 
 Author of " Genito-Urinary Disease, with Syphilis "(by Van 
 Buren & Keyes), xii., 672 pp., 8°, 1874 {idem enlarged & 
 revised by E. L. Keyes, xv., 704pp., 1891); "Treatment of 
 Syphilis," iv., 83 pp., 8°, 1877; "Venereal Diseases," xiii., 
 348 pp., 8" (Appleton, 1880) ; " Urinary Calculi," in "Ash- 
 urst's Encyc. .Surg.," vol vi., p. 155, 1884. 
 
 1884 MoTT,* Alexander Brown, 1889. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Penn., 1850; N. Y. Med. Coll., 185 1 ; At- 
 tend Surg., N. Y. Disp., 1850; Vis. Surg., St. Elizabeth's 
 Hosp., 1851, Jews' Hosp., 1863; Brigade Surg., 2d Brig. 
 N. Y. State Militia, 1861-62; Surg. U. S. Vols., 1862, at 
 U. S. Gen. Hosp., N. Y. ; Prof. Surg. Anat., Bell. Hosp. 
 Med. Coll., 1861-72; Prof. Surg., 1861 ; Clin. & Oper. 
 Surg., 1872-89; Cons. Surg., Charity Hosp. Died, 1889, 
 aet. 63 ; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. Son of Valentine 
 Mott.
 
 Consulting Surgeons. 1 1 1 
 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 1847 MoTT,* Valentine, 1865. 
 
 M. D., Columb., 1806; LL. D., elsewhere; Piof. Surg., 
 Columb., 1811-13 ; Coll. Phys. & Surg., 1813-26; Rutgers 
 Med. Coll., 1826-30; Prof. Op. Surg. & Surg. Anat., Coll. 
 Phys. & Surg., 1831-37; Pres. & Prof., Surg. Univ., City 
 N. Y., 1841-50; Emeritus, 1852-65; Pres., N. Y. Acad. 
 Med., 1849. In London and Edinburgh, 1806-9, at St. 
 Thomas's, St. Bartholomew's, & Guy's Hospitals, under 
 Abernethy, Sir Charles Bell, and Sir Astley Cooper. Ligated 
 the arteria innominata two inches from the heart for aneurism 
 of the right sub-clavian, first time in history of surgery, and 
 patient lived 28 days, 1818; operated for osteosarcoma of 
 lower jaw, first time, and removed lower jaw for necrosis, 182 1; 
 introduced his original operation for immobility of lower 
 jaw, 1822; exsected entire right clavicle for malignant dis- 
 ease, 1828 (patient living in 1865) ; first to be successful in 
 ligating primitive iliac for aneurism; tied common carotid 
 46 times; exsected. lower jaw in different portions, cutting 
 out two inches of the deep jugular vein inseparably imbedded 
 in a tumor, and tied both ends of the vein. Author of 
 " Mott's Velpeau," 4 vols., 820 pp., 8°, N. Y., and of the fol- 
 lowing papers: "Relative Anatomy of Sub-clavian Artery 
 with Scaleni Muscles"; " Memoirs on Injuries of Skull and 
 Brain," illustrated by cases; "Essay on Pulsation in Epi- 
 gastrio"; "Memoir on Tying the Arteria Innominata"; 
 several papers on " Exsection of the Lower Jaw in Various 
 Portions and Articulation on one Side," with plates; " The 
 LItility of Tying the Common Carotid for safe Removal of 
 Large Tumors," etc. ; "Removal of Thyroid Body weighing 
 Four pounds, with Entire Success " ; " Original Nasal Opera- 
 tion " (successful), with plates ; " Distal, Anticardial or Bras- 
 dorean Operation on the Right Carotid for Aneurism of the 
 Innominate "; " Successful Amputation of the Hip-joint," 
 with plates; "Papers on Ligatures of Carotids, Sub-cla- 
 vian, External, and Internal Iliacs"; "Successful Exsec- 
 tion of Clavicle for Enormous Osteosarcoma Ulcerated and 
 Bleeding"; " Memoirs on a Peculiar Tumor of the Skin," 
 illustrated by drawings and cases ; " Letters to Amussat on 
 the Effects of the Admission of Air into the Veins in Surgi- 
 cal Operations"; "Paper on Tying the Left Sub-clavian 
 under Scalenus Anticus, attended with Peculiar Circulation, 
 Recovery"; "Memoirs on the Removal of Enormous Tu- 
 mors in the Neck in Small Children," with cases and draw-
 
 112 ^hi Account of Bcllci'uc Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 ings; " Treatment of Ununited Fractures." Died in N. Y. 
 City, 1865, ;et. 79; cause, typho-malarial fever, followed 
 by gangrene of leg. Father of Alexander Brown Mott. 
 
 1868 P.VRKER,* WiLLARD, 1 884. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1826; A. M., 1829; M. D., 1830; LL.D., 
 Princeton, 1870; House Phys., U. S. Marine Hosp., Chel- 
 sea, Mass., 1827; Prof. Surg., Berkshire, 1832; Cincin., 
 1836; Prof. Clin. Surg., Coll. Phys. & Surg., N. Y., 
 1870-81; Emeritus, 1881-84. Died in N. Y. City, 1884, 
 £et. 84; cause, cystitis and pyelitis. 
 
 1884 Savre, Lewis Albert, 
 
 A. B.,Transyl. Univ., 1839; ^I- D.,Coll. Phys. and Surg., 
 1842; a founder of N. Y. Pathol. Soc, 1844, and of Bell. 
 Hosp. Med. Coll., 1861 ; Prof. Orthop. Surg., Bell. Hosp. 
 Med. Coll., since 1861; Res. Phys., City N. Y., 1866; Vis. 
 Surg., Charity Hosp., 1859-73, Cons. Surg, since 1873; 
 Cons. Surg. Home for Incurables, and St. Eliz. Hosp. Made 
 Knight of Order of Vasa by King Charles X\^ of Sweden, 
 1872. Pres. Amer. Med. Assoc, 1880. Author of '* Manual 
 of Treatment of Club Foot," 1869; "Lectures on Ortho- 
 piEdic Surgery and Diseases of Joints," 1876 (translated into 
 French, German, Spanish and Japanese) ; *' Spinal Disease 
 and Spinal Curvature," 1877 (trans, into German) ; •' Spina 
 Bifida, the Tumor Removed by Ligature " ; " Exsection of the 
 Head of the Femur and Removal of the Upper Rim of the 
 Acetabulum for Morbus Coxarius"; "Treatment of Croup by 
 Inhalation of Steam " ; " Lead Palsy from the Use of a Cos- 
 metic " ; " Mechanical Treatment of Chronic Inflammation 
 of the Joints of the Lower Extremities " ; " Partial Paralysis 
 from Reflex Irritation caused by Congenital Phymosis " ; 
 "A Simple Dressing for Fracture of the Clavicle"; "On 
 Anchylosis " ; " Clinical Lectures on Disease of the Hip- 
 joint " ; "Spinal Anaemia, with Partial Paralysis and want 
 of Coordination from Irritation of the Genital Organs"; 
 "Report on Fractures"; "Report on Pott's Disease, or 
 Caries of the Spine, Treated by Extension and Plaster-of- 
 Paris Bandage " ; " On Disease of the Knee-joint" ; "Spon- 
 dylitis and Rotary Lateral Curvature of the Spine " (trans, 
 into Italian) ; " On the Necessity of Cutting Contractured 
 Tissues in Cases of Deformity Before Traction is At- 
 tempted" ; " Results in Cases of Hip-joint Disease Treated 
 by the Portable Traction Hip Splint," 1892. Father of 
 Reginald H. Sayre (1885, II).
 
 Consulting Stirgeons. 113 
 
 Appointed. Died. 
 
 1892 Smith, Stephen,' 
 
 1847 Stevens,* Alexander Hodgdon, 1869. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Penn., 1811; LL. D., elsewhere; Prof. Surg., 
 Oueen'sColl.,N. J., 1814-26; Prof. Clin. Surg., Coll. Phys. 
 and Surg., N. Y., 1837-39; Emeritus, 1844-69; Pres. Fac- 
 ulty, 1843-55; Pres. Med. Soc. State of N. Y., 1848-49; 
 Amer. Med. Assoc., 1848; N. Y. Acad. Med., 1851. Au- 
 thor of " A Treatise on Cholera," 1832. Died in N. Y. City, 
 1869, set. 80. 
 
 1854 Van Buren,* William Holme, 1883. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1838; A. M.,1864; M. D., Univ. Penn., 1840; 
 LL. D., 1879; Asst. Surg., U. S. A., 1840-46; Memb. 
 Exec. Com. U. S. San. Com. during War; Prof. Anat. , 
 Univ. City N. Y., 1852-66; Prof. Surg., Bell. Hosp. Med. 
 Coll., 1866-83; house staff. La Charite Hosp., Paris, un- 
 der Velpeau ; Asst. Surg., N. Y. and St. Vincent's Hosps. 
 Author of "Contributions to Practical Surgery," 1865; 
 " Diseases of the Rectum," 1870 (2d ed., enlarged and re- 
 vised, 1882) ;" Genito-Urinary Surgery " (withE. L. Keyes), 
 1874. Died in N. Y. City, 1883, ast. 64; cause, cerebral 
 hemorrhage. Great-grandson of John Van Beuren (1736- 
 1765), and grandnephew of Beekman M. (1765-76). 
 
 CONSULTING SURGEONS. 
 
 arranged CHRONOLOGICALLY. 
 Appointed. Died 
 
 1847 MoTT,* Valentine, 1865 
 
 1847 Stevens,* Alexander Hodgdon, 1869 
 
 1854 Van Buren,* William Holme, 1883 
 
 1868 Parker,* Willard, 1884 
 
 1884 Hamilton,* Frank Hastings, 1886 
 
 1884 MoTT,* Alexander Brown, 1889 
 
 1884 Sayre, Lewis Albert, 
 
 1887 Keyes, Edward Lawrence, 
 
 1892 Smith, Stephen, 
 
 8 1 See List of Internes 1850-94.
 
 114 ^^^ Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 VISITING PHYSICIANS. 
 
 ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY. 
 
 * Deceased. 
 
 1 See List of Consulting Physicians. 
 
 2 See List of Internes 1850-94. 
 
 3 See List of Internes, Resident Physician and Surgeons. 
 
 4 See List of Internes, Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 Appointed. ReMgned or Died. 
 
 1885 Ball, Aloxzo Bravto.x 1890. 
 
 A. B., Yale, i860; >L D., Columb., 1863; Prof. Mat. 
 Med. Woman's Med. Coll., N. Y. Infirm. ; Lect. Dis. Kid- 
 neys, Columb., 1870-76. 
 
 1855 Barker,* Fordvce,' 1879. 
 
 1886 Biggs, Hermann Michael,- 1887. 
 
 1892 Biggs, Hermann Michael (2d time), ... 
 
 1823 Brown,* Stephen,-' 1826. 
 
 1810 BucH.\NAN,* Walter W., 18 12. 
 
 1874 BuDi),* Charles A., 1877. 
 
 A. B., Univ. City N. Y., 1850; M. D., 1852; Trinity (««' 
 ctind.), A. M.; Res. Phys., Cholera Hosp. N. Y., 1854; 
 Prof. Obstet., N. Y. Med. Coll., 1860-63; Prof. Obstet. & 
 Dis. Wom. & Child., Univ. City N. Y., 1865-77 ; Vis. Phys., 
 Charity Hosp. N. Y., 1866-75, Cons. Phys., 1875-77; 
 Cons, Phys., N. Y. State Woman's Hosp.; Pres. N. Y. 
 Obstet. Soc, 187 1. Died in N. Y. City, 1877, ast. 47 ; cause, 
 aortic aneurism, rupture into pleural cavity. 
 
 1847 Clark,* Alonzo,' 1884. 
 
 1849 Cock, Thomas Ferris,' 1855. 
 
 1877 Curtis, John Green,- 1880. 
 
 1885 Dana, Charles Loomis,- 
 
 1875 Delafield, Francis,^ 1886.
 
 Visiting Physicians. 1 1 5 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1817 Drake,* Charles, 1826. 
 
 Asst. Surg., N. Y. Vol. Inf., 1812-14; Phys., N. Y. State 
 Prison; Phys. -in- Chief, Yellow Fever Hosp., Fort Stevens, 
 N. Y., 1819-22. Died in N. Y. City, 1832, aet. 42; cause, 
 chronic bronchitis. 
 
 1882 Drake,* Frederick Richard Seward, . . 1888. 
 
 M. U., Univ. City N. Y., 1871 ; House Phys., Charity 
 Hosp., 1869-70; Vis. Phys., 1874-82. Died in N. Y. City, 
 1888; cause, acute tonsillitis. 
 
 1847 Elliot,* Augustus Greele, 1849. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1839; A. M., 1842; M. D., Coll. Phys. & 
 Surg., 1843. 
 
 1854 Elliot,* George Thomson, 1871. 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1845; A. M., 1849; M. D., Univ. City 
 of N. Y., 1849; Interne, Dublin Lying-in Hosp., 1849-50, 
 N. Y. Lying-in Asyl., 1852-54; Vis. and Cons. Phys. later; 
 also, Nursery & Child's & N. Y. State Woman's Hosps. ; 
 Prof. Anat., Vt. Med. Coll., 1855 ; Prof. Obstet. & Dis. Wo- 
 men & Child., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1 861-71. Died in 
 N. Y. City, 1 87 1, aet. 43 ; cause, apoplexy. 
 
 1 86 1 Flint,* Austin, 1886. 
 
 M. D., Harv., 1833; LL. D., Louisville (Ky.), & Yale 
 (hon.), 1881 ; founder "Buffalo Med. Jour.," and editor 
 1846-56; a founder Buffalo Med. Coll., 1846; Prof. Theor. 
 & Pract. Med. & Clin. Med. & of Pathol., 1846-52, and again 
 in 1856-58; Theor. and Pract. Med., Univ. Louisville (Ky.), 
 1852-56; Clin. Med., Univ. Louisiana, 1858-61; Prin. & 
 Pract. Med., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1861-86; Vis. Phys., 
 Charity Hosp., New Orleans, 1858-61 ; Prof. Path. & 
 Pract. Med., L. I. Coll. Hosp., 1861 ; Pres. N. Y. Acad. 
 Med., 1873-75; Amer. Med. Assoc, 1883-84. Author of 
 Prize Essay, "The Variation of Pitch in Percussion & Re- 
 spiratory Sounds," 1852, and of "The Clinical Study of the 
 Heart Sounds in Health & Disease," 1859, and of the fol- 
 lowing books: "Continued Fever," Buffalo, 1852; "Re- 
 port on Dysentery," Buffalo, 1853 ; " Diseases of the Respi- 
 ratory Organs," Phila., 1856; " Treatise on the Principles and 
 Practice of Medicine." (ist ed., xvi., 867 pp., 8°, Phila.,
 
 ii6 Afi Accoun/ of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 H. C. Lea, 1866; 2d cd., xvi., 967 pp., 8°, 1867; 3d ed., 
 1002 pp., 8^, 1868; 4th cd., xvi. , 1070 pp., 8°, 1873; 5ih 
 ed., xvi., 1 150 pp., 8", 1881 ; 6th ed., 1160 pp., 8°, 1886) ; 
 "Diseases of the Heart," Phila., 1870; "Heart Sounds," 
 Phila., 1870; "Conservative Medicine," Phila., 1874; 
 "Phthisis," Phila., 1875; "Clinical Medicine," Phila., 
 1879; " Physical Exploration of the Lungs," Phila., 1882; 
 " Medical Ethics and PItiquette," New-York, 1883 ; " Man- 
 ual of Auscultation and Percussion," Phila., 1885. Died 
 in N. Y. City, 1886, aet. 74; cause, cerebral hemorrhage 
 Father of Austin Flint, 2d (1869-74), and grandfather of 
 Austin Flint, 3d (1890, II). 
 
 1869 Flint, Austin, Jr., 1874. 
 
 M. D., Jefferson, 1857; LL. D.,1885; Surg., Buffalo Gen. 
 Hosp., 1858; U. S. (Ladies' Home) Gen. Hosp., N. Y. 
 City, 1862-66; Surg.-Gen., State N. Y., 1874-78; Prof. 
 Physiol., Univ. of Buffalo, 1858-59; N. Y. Med. Coll., 
 1859-60; New Orleans School Med., 1860-61 ; Bell. Hosp. 
 Med. Coll. since 1861 ; L. I. Coll. Hosp., 1869-74. Editor 
 "Buffalo Med. Jour.," 1857-60. Author of "Physiol, 
 of Man," 5 vols., 8°, pp. 500 (Appleton, 1866-74; 2d ed., 
 1875) ; " Chemical Examination of Urine in Disease," pp. 76, 
 N. Y., 1870 (6th ed., 1884); "Physiological Effects of Severe 
 & Protracted Muscular Exercise," pp. 91, N. Y., 1871 
 f'/V/,?;;;, with supplementary remarks, London, 1876); " Text- 
 Book of Human Physiology, pp.978, 8°,N.Y., 1875 (4th ed., 
 1888) ; " Source of Muscular Power," pp. 103, N. Y., 1878 ; 
 and articles: "Phenomena of the Capillary Circulation," 
 inaug. thesis, Phila., 1857; "Experiments on the Recur- 
 rent Sensibility of the Anterior Roots of the Spinal Nerves," 
 New Orleans, 1861 ; " New Function of the Liver," Phila., 
 1862; " The Organic Nitrogenized Principles of the Body, 
 with a New Method for their Estimation in the Blood," 
 Phila., 1863 ; " Reports on Diet for the Institutions under 
 the Charge of the Commissioners of Public Charities and 
 Correction," N. Y., 1867 ; " Historical Considerations Con- 
 cerning the Properties of the Roots of the Spinal Nerves," 
 N. Y., 1868; " Recherches Experimentales sur une Nouvelle 
 Fonction du Foie,"Paris, 1848; received "Honorable Men- 
 tion," with a recompense of 1500 francs, from the Institute of 
 France (Academic des Sciences) in 1869 (Concours Mon- 
 tyon Medicine et Chirurgie) ; " Glycogenic Function of the
 
 Visiting Physicians. 1 1 7 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 Liver," N. Y., 1869; "Prolonged Muscular Exercise and 
 the Elimination of Nitrogen," N. Y., \2>yo{idt'iii, 2d memoir, 
 1871) ; " Reflex Nervous Action in Normal Respiration, "Chi- 
 cago, 1874; " Sourceof Muscular Power," London, 1876; "Ex- 
 cretory Function of the Liver," Phila., 1877; " Memoir of 
 Claude Bernard," Phila., 1878; "Experiments & Reflec- 
 tions on Animal Heat," Phila. , 1879; " Is the Action of the 
 Medulla Oblongata in Normal Respiration Reflex.''" Phila., 
 1880; "Cause of the Movements of Ordinary Respiration," 
 London, 1881 ; " Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus," Chicago, 
 1884; "Relations of Physiology to the Practice of Medi- 
 cine," N. Y., 1886; "Mechanism of the Singing Voice," 
 N. Y., 1888; American Medical Students," Phila., 1888; 
 " A Possible Revolution in Medicine," N. Y., 1888; "Fever" 
 (Address in behalf of the U. S. deliv. in Gen. Sess. 9th 
 Intern. Med. Cong., Wash., 1887); "Late Theories Con- 
 cerning Fever," N. Y., 1889; " The Open Door of Quackery," 
 N. Y., 1889; "The Revolution in Medicine," N. Y., 1890, 
 etc. Son of Austin Flint (1861-86), and father of Austin 
 Flint, Jr. (1890, II). 
 
 1887 Flint, Austin (2d time), 
 
 1853 Forrester,* James Calvin, 1854. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1829; M. D., Coll. Phys. & Surg., 1835. 
 Died, 1881. 
 
 1847 FOSTER,* Samuel Conant, 1853. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1834; A. M., 1837; M. D., Jefferson, 
 1837. Died in 1873. 
 
 1886 FowLER, George Bingham, 
 
 M. D., Columb., 1871; Asst. San. Inspect., N. Y. City 
 Health Dept., 1873-75; Attend. Phys., N. Y. Disp., 1875-77; 
 Med. Exam., Provident Savings Life Ins. Co., N. Y., later; 
 Prof. Chn. Med. & Med. Chem., N. Y. Post-Grad. Med. 
 Sch. & Hosp., since 1888. 
 
 1882 Gillette, Walter Robarts,'- 
 
 1847 GiLMAN,* Chandler Robbins,^ 1851. 
 
 1859 Greene, John Winantz, 1869. 
 
 M. D., Coll., Phys. and Surg., 1851. 
 8a
 
 ii8 A?i Account of Bel lev lie Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1847 H.\KRis,* Stei'iikx R., 1848. 
 
 M. D., Coll. Phys. and Surg., 1826. Died in San Fran- 
 cisco, Cal., 1879, ast. 77. 
 
 1806 HosACK,* David, 18 10. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1789; A. M., 1792; M. D., Univ. 
 Penn., 1791 ; LL. U., Edinburgh, 1818; F. R. S., Lon-. 
 don, 1816, Edinburgh, 1817; Vice-Pres. Coll. Phys. and 
 Surg., 1822-26; Prof. Botany, Columb. , 1795-1807; Mat. 
 Med., 1797-1807; Surg, and Midwifery, Coll. Phys. and 
 Surg., 1807-13; Physics and Clin. Med., 1813-26; Pres. 
 and Prof. Pract. Physic, Rutgers Med. Coll., N. Y., 1826-31. 
 Author of "Medical Essays," 3 vols. 8°, 1824 and 1830, 
 containing his most important papers, among them " Yel- 
 low Fever" (1811, etc.), "Suspended Animation from 
 Drowning," 1792, and " Laws of Contagion"; "Practical 
 Nosology," 1819 and 1821. Died in N. Y. City, 1835, 
 aet. 67 ; cause, apoplexy. 
 
 1884 Hudson,* Erasmus Darwin,^ 1887. 
 
 1874 Jacohi, Abraham, 
 
 M. D., Bonn, 185 1 ; Prof. Dis. Child., N. Y. Med Coll., 
 1861 ; Univ. City N. Y., 1867-69; Columb. since 1869. 
 
 1890 James, Walter Belknap, 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1879; M. D., Columb., 1883: Prof. Clin. 
 Med., Columb., since 1890. 
 
 1872 J ANEW AY, Edward G.,- 1892. 
 
 1859 LooMis, Alfred Lebbeus, 
 
 A. B., Union, 185 1; M. D., Coll. Phys. and Surg., 1852; 
 LL. D., Univ. City N. Y., 1882 ; Prof. Theor. and Pract. 
 Med., Univ. City N. Y., 1867; Pres. N. Y. Acad. Med., 
 1890-92. Author of " Physical Diagnosis," vi., 155 pp., 8° 
 (\Vm. Wood & Co., 1868; 6th ed., 1890); " Diseases of the 
 Heart, Lungs, and Kidneys," xii., 549 pp., 8°, 1875 ; " Lec- 
 tures on Fevers," x., 401 pp., 8°, 1877; "Practical Medi- 
 cine," xv., 1 102 pp., 8°, 1884 (2d ed., xvii., iioopp., 1889. 
 Wm. Wood & Co.). Father of Henry P. Loomis (1884 II).
 
 Visiting Physicians. 119 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1887 LooMis, Henry Patterson,- 
 
 1 87 1 LusK, William Thompson, 
 
 M. D., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1864; A. M., Yale (hon.), 
 1872. Served in N. Y. Vols, as private, 2d Lieut., ist 
 Lieut., Captain and Asst. Adj. -Gen., 1861-63. In Europe 
 1864-68, at Heidelberg, Berlin, Edinburgh, Paris, Vienna, 
 and Prague. Prof. Physiol., L. 1. Coll. Hosp., 1868-71; 
 Lect. Physiol., Harvard, 1870-71 ; Prof. Obstet. and Dis. 
 Women and Child, and Clin. Midw., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll 
 since 1871 ; Pres. Faculty since 1890; Vice-Pres., N. Y. 
 Obstet. Soc, 1875; Vis. Phys., Nurs. and Child. Hosp, 
 1870-71, Charity Hosp., 1870-71; Cons. Phys., Maternity 
 Hosp., N. Y. Found. Asyl., N. Y. Lying-in Asyl. ; Vis. 
 Gynaec, St. Vincent's Hosp.; Editor "N. Y. Med. Jour.," 
 1871. Author of "Histological Doctrines of M. Robin," 
 ' ' Ursemia a Common Cause of Death in Uterine Cancer " ; 
 "Irregular Uterine Action During Labor" ; " Inquiry into 
 the Pathology of Uterine Cancer " ; " Clinical Report of the 
 Lying-in Service at Bellevue Hospital for 1873 "; " Origin 
 of Diabetes, With Some New Experiments Regarding the 
 Glycogenic Function of the Liver"; " Cephalotribes and 
 Cephalotripsy," Phila. Med. and Surg. Report., 1867; 
 "Genesis of an Epidemic of Puerperal Fever," Amer. 
 Jour. Obstet., 1873; "Morphia in Childbirth," 1877; 
 "Nature, Causes, and Prevention of Puerperal Fever," 
 Trans. Intern. Med. Cong., 1876; " Necessity of Caution 
 in the Employment of Chloroform During Labor," Trans. 
 Amer. Gynaec. Soc, 1877; " Description of a new Cepha- 
 lotribe Weighing Less than two Pounds," 1867; " Science 
 and Art of Midwifery," xviii., 763 pp., 8"^ (Appleton, 1881 ; 
 2d ed., 1885; 3d ed., 1892). 
 
 1806 Macneven,* William James, 1808. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Vienna, 1783; Prof. Mat. Med., Rutgers 
 Med. Coll. ; Lect. Obstet., Coll. Phys. and Surg., 1808-11 ; 
 Chem., 181 1-26. Died, 1841, ast. 78 ; cause, injury of leg 
 and shock. 
 
 1848 McCready,* Benjamin W.,' 1873. 
 
 1 801 McIntosh,* William, 1806. 
 
 1847 Metcalfe, John Thomas,^ 1859.
 
 I 20 An AccoHut of Bel lev uc Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1816 Pascalis,* Felix, 18 17. 
 
 Vis. Phys., Bridewell, 1810; M. U. Died in \. Y. City, 
 1833, an. 71. 
 
 1882 PiiABoDV, Ge(jrge Livingston, 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1870; A. M., 1873; M. D., 1873; Prof. 
 Mat. Med. & Thcrap., Columb., since 1887; Pathologist, 
 N. Y. Hosp.. 1877-88. 
 
 1874 Polk, William Mecklenburg,-' 
 
 1850 Robeson,* Abel Bellows, '853. 
 
 1886 Roosevelt, James West , 
 
 M. D., Columb., 1880; Prof. Clin. Med., Columb., since 
 1887. 
 
 1882 S-MiTii, Abram Alexander," 
 
 1 8 10 Smith,* Gilbert, 1816 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1793; M. D., elsewhere. Died in Bedford, 
 N. Y., i85i,aet. 80. P^ither of Charles D. Smith (1849-59). 
 
 1853 Taylor,* Isaac E.,' 1875. 
 
 1859 Thomas, Theodore Gaillard,- 187 1. 
 
 1875 Thomson, William Hanna, 
 
 A. B., Wabash, 1850; A. M., 1857; Yale (hon.), 1861; 
 M. D., Albany, 1859; LL. D., Univ. City N. Y., 1885; U. 
 S. Med. Insp., 1861-65 ; Prof. Mat. Med. & Therap., Univ. 
 City N. Y., since 1867. 
 
 1886 TuTTLE, George Montgomery, 1889. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1877 ; M. D., Columb., 1880; Prcf. Gynaecol., 
 Columb., since 1885. 
 
 1786 Vacher,* John Francis, 1793. 
 
 M. D. ; Surg., Amer. Army, Revol. War, until 1783 ; Grig. 
 Memb. Soc. oftheCincin. Died, 1807. 
 
 1765 Van Beuren,* Beekman M., 1776. 
 
 Died, 1812, set. 85. Son of John Van Beuren (1736-65), 
 and granduncle of William H. Van Buren (1847-83).
 
 Visiting Physicians. 1 2 i 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1736 Van Beuren,* John, 1765. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Leyden, about 1700. Father of Beekman 
 M. (1765-76) and Peter Van Beuren (1784-86) (?), and 
 great-grandfather of WiUiam H. Van Buren (1847-83). 
 
 1784 Van Beuren,* Peter, 1786. 
 
 Son (?) of John Van Buren (1736-65). 
 
 1847 Van Buren,* William Holme, ^ 1848. 
 
 1875 Walker, Henry Freeman,- 1884. 
 
 1880 Williams, James Jeremiah, 1885. 
 
 M. D., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1874; Vis. Phys., Infants' 
 Hosp., Randall's Island, N. Y. City, 1888. 
 
 1882 Wylie, Walker Gill. 
 
 VISITING PHYSICIANS. 
 
 arranged chronologically. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died 
 
 1736 Van Beuren,* John, 1765 
 
 1765 Van Beuren,* Beekman M., 1776 
 
 1784 Van Beuren,* Peter, 1786 
 
 1786 Vacher,* John Francis, 1793 
 
 1 801 McIntosh,* William, 1806 
 
 1806 HosACK,* David 18 10 
 
 1806 Macneven,* William James, 1808 
 
 1 8 10 Buchanan,* Walter W. 181 2 
 
 1810 Smith,* Gilbert, 1816 
 
 18 16 Pascalis,* Felix, 18 17 
 
 18 17 Drake,* Charles, 1826 
 
 1823 Brown,* Stephen, 1826 
 
 1847 Clark,* Alonzo, 1884 
 
 1847 Elliot,* Augustus Greele, 1849 
 
 1847 Foster,* Samuel Conant, 1853
 
 122 .-/;/ ^IccoiDit of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died 
 
 847 Oilman,* Chandi.ek Robbins, 1851 
 
 847 Harris,* Stephen R., 1848 
 
 847 Metcalfe, John Thomas 1859 
 
 847 Van Buren,* William Holme, 1848 
 
 848 McCreadv,* Benjamin \V., 1873 
 
 849 Cock, Thomas F"erris, • . . 1855 
 
 850 Robeson,* Abel Bellows, 1853 
 
 853 Forrester,* James Calvin, 1854 
 
 853 Taylor,* Isaac E., 1875 
 
 854 Elliot,* George Thomson, 1871 
 
 855 Barker,* Fordyce, 1879 
 
 859 Greene, John Winantz, 1869 
 
 859 LooMis, Alfred Lebbeus, 
 
 859 Thomas, Theodore, Gaillard, 1871 
 
 861 Flint,* Austin 1886 
 
 869 Flint, Austin, Jr., 1874 
 
 871 LusK, William Thompson, 
 
 872 Janeway, Ed\vard G., 1892 
 
 874 BuDD,* Charles A., 1877 
 
 874 Jacobi, Abraham, 
 
 874 Polk, William Mecklenburg, 
 
 875 Delafield, Francis, 1886 
 
 875 Thomson, William Hanna, 
 
 875 Walker, Henry Freeman, 1884 
 
 877 Curtis, John Green, 1880 
 
 880 Williams, James Jeremiah, 1885 
 
 882 Drake,* Frederick Richard Se\vard, . . 1888 
 
 882 Gillette. Walter Robarts, 
 
 882 Peabody, George Livingston, 
 
 882 Smith, Abram Alexander, 
 
 882 Wylie, Walker Gill, 
 
 884 Hudson,* Erasmus Darwin, 1887, 
 
 885 Ball, Alonzo Brayton, 1890, 
 
 885 Dana, Charles Loomis, 
 
 886 Biggs, Hermann Michael, 1887, 
 
 886 Fowler, George Bingham,
 
 Visiting Surgeons. 123 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 Roosevelt, James West, 
 
 TuTTLE, George Montgomery, 1889. 
 
 887 Flint, Austin, 
 
 887 LooMis, Henry Patterson, 
 
 890 James, Walter Belknap, 
 
 892 Biggs, Hermann Michael 
 
 VISITING SURGEONS. 
 
 arranged alphabetically. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 181 7 Akerley,* Benjamin, 18 19. 
 
 1887 Alexander, Samuel,- 
 
 1882 Bryant, Joseph Decatur,- 
 
 1847 Childs, S. R., 1850. 
 
 1859 Church,* William Henry, 1866. 
 
 Surg., U. S. Vol. Inf., 1861-63; Div. Surg., Burnside's 
 Stafif; Con. Phys., N. Y. Instit. for Blind; Exam. Phys., 
 Security Life Ins. Co., N. Y. Died in Pau, P'rance, 1866, 
 set. 40 ; cause, pulmonary hemorrhage. 
 
 1853 Corson, John W., 1853. 
 
 1853 Crane,* John Jacob, 1878. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1840; A. M., 1843; M. D., Coll. Phys. 
 & Surg., 1844. In practice in N. Y. City, 1844-75; re- 
 tired and living in New Haven, Ct., 1875-90. Died in 
 New Haven, 1890, aet. 70; cause, diabetes mellitus. 
 
 1875 Crosby,* Alpheus Benning, 1877. 
 
 M. D., Dartmouth, 1856; Adj. Prof. Surg., Dartmouth, 
 1862-70; Prof., 1870; Prof. Surg. , Univ. Vermont, Univ. 
 Michigan, Long Island Coll. Hosp. ; Prof. Anat., Bell. 
 Hosp. Med. Coll., 1872-76; Surg., 1876-77. Author of 
 "Gun-shot Wounds of Knee Requiring Amputation";
 
 124 -'if^ Account of Be I lev ue Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 " First Operation on Record of Removal of Entire Arm 
 with Scapular and Three-fourths of Clavicle, Recovery"; 
 "A Lost Art in Surgery"; "The Ethical Relations of 
 Physician and Patient." Died in N. Y. City, 1877. 
 
 1877 D.\RBV,* John Thomson, 1879. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Penn. ; Interne, St. Joseph &PhiIa. Hosps. ; 
 Surg., C. S. A., 1861-65 ; Vol. Field Surg., German War, 
 1866; Prof. Surg. & Anat., Univ. of S. C. ; Prof. Surg. 
 Anat., Univ. City N. Y., 1873-75; Prof. Surg., 1875-79. 
 Author of "Campaign Notes on the German War"; 
 " Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of Supra-renal 
 Capsules"; "The Trephine in Traumatic Epilepsy"; 
 "Horsehair as a Ligature and Suture." Died in 1879, 
 aet. 43. 
 
 1882 Dennis, Frederick Shepard,- 
 
 1819 DvcKMAN,* Jacob, 1822. 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1810; M. D., Coll. Phys. & Surg., 1813; 
 Health Com., N. Y., 1821. Editor "Duncan's Dispensa- 
 tory," 1818. Died in King's Bridge, N. Y., 1822, ait. 34; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 1882 Fluhrer, William Francis,- 
 
 1889 Gallaudet, Bern Budd, 
 
 M. D., Columb., 1884; A. M., elsewhere. 
 
 1859 Goulev, John William Severin,- 
 
 1849 Greene,* Isaac, 1854. 
 
 M. D., Coll. Phys. & Surg., 1841. Died in Cornwall, 
 N. Y., 1854; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 1 89 1 GwvER, Frederick Walker,- 
 
 1885 Hall, Richard John, 1890. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1875; M. D., Columb., 1878; Adj. 
 Prof. Prin. Surg., Columb., 1887-89. 
 
 1883 Halsted, William Stewart,- 1887. 
 
 1 86 1 Hamilton,* Frank Hastings,' 1882.
 
 Visiting Sin^geons. 125 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1887 Hartley, Frank,'- 1892. 
 
 1876 Keyes, Edward Lawrence,^ 1887. 
 
 1883 Lange, Frederick E., 1884. 
 
 M. D., Konigsberg, 1872. 
 
 1854 LiDELL,* John A/' 1858. 
 
 1887 Markoe, Francis Hartman, 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1876; M. D.,Colunib., 1879; Clin. Lect. 
 Surg., Columb., since 1887. Son of Thomas Masters 
 Markoe (1868-77). 
 
 1868 Markoe, Thomas Masters, ^'^T7- 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1836; M. D., Coll. Phys. and Surg., 1841 ; 
 Prof. Path. Anat., Univ. City N. Y., 1852-54; Adj. Prof. 
 Surg., Columb., 1860-71 ; Prin. and Pract. Surg., 1871-79; 
 Prin. Surg., 1879-88; Emeritus since 1888. Author of "A 
 Treat, on Diseases of Bones," viii., 416 pp., 8° (Appleton, 
 1872). Father of Francis Hartman Markoe (1887). 
 
 1875 Mason,* Erskine,- 1882. 
 
 1882 McBuRNEY, Charles," 1888. 
 
 1859 Meier,* Carl Theodor Maxim, 1864. 
 
 Died in 1864. 
 
 1859 Mott,* Alexander Brown,^ 1882. 
 
 1847 Parker,* Willard,' 1853. 
 
 1856 Parker,* Willard (2d time) 1868. 
 
 1878 Phelps, Charles,- 
 
 1876 Sabine,* Thomas Taunton, 1882. 
 
 A. B , Columb., 1861 ; A. M., 1863 ; M. D., 1864; Asst. 
 Dem. Anat., 1866-70; Dem. Anat., 1870; Adj. Lect. Anat., 
 1870; Adj. Prof., 1871-79; Prof., 1879-88; Vis. Surg., 
 St. Luke's Hosp. Died in 1888, aet. 47; cause, pulmonary 
 tuberculosis. 
 
 1862 Sands,* Henry Berton,'- 1877.
 
 126 .'hi Accoiuit of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1853 Savke, Lewis Albert.' 1883. 
 
 1849 Smith,* Charles D., 1859. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Penn., 1837: in Paris, 1837-39; Surg., 
 U. S. A., 1861-65, Army of Potomac; a Founder N. Y. 
 Med. and Surg. Soc. ; Vis. Surg., N. Y. Hosp., later. Died 
 in N. Y. City, 1891, ict. 67; cause, apoplexy. Son of 
 Gilbert Smith (1810-16). 
 
 1875 Smith, Gouverneur Mather, 1876. 
 
 A. B., Univ. City N. Y., 1852; M. D., Coll. Phys. & 
 Surg., 1855 ; A. A. Surg., U. S. A., 1862-65; Vis. Phys., 
 N.Y. Hosp., 1876-79; Cons. Phys. since 1879; Vis. Phys., 
 Presby. Hosp., 1875; Vice-Pres. Acad. Med., 1875-78. 
 
 1854 Smi'ih, Stephen,- 1892. 
 
 1847 Stewart,* Ferdinand Campbell, 1848. 
 
 M. D., Univ. Penn., 1837; Phys., U. S. Legation, Paris, 
 1840-43; Phys., Marine Hosp., 1849-51. 
 
 1879 Stimson, Lewis Atterburv, 
 
 M. D., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1874; Prof. Physiol., Univ. 
 City N. Y., 1883; Anat. & Clin. Surg., 1883-90; Prof. 
 Surg, since 1890. 
 
 1847 Stone,* John Osgood 1854. 
 
 A. B., Harvard. 1833; AL U., 1836; Attendg. Phys.,N. Y. 
 Disp., 1845-47 ; Trustee, 1855-61 ; Commiss. Metrop. Board 
 Health, 1866. Died in 1876, a;t. 63; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 1892 Taylor, Robert W 
 
 M. D., Columb., 1868; Vis. Surg., City (late Charity) 
 Hosp. 
 
 1847 Vache, Alexander,-' 1848. 
 
 1848 Van Buren,* Willi a.\i Holme," 1853. 
 
 1882 Weir, Robert Fulton, 1883. 
 
 A. B., N. Y. Free Acad., 1854; A. M., 1859; M. D., 
 Coll. Phys. and Surg., 1859; Curator, N. Y. Hosp., 1860- 
 1861 ; Asst. Surg., 12th Reg. N. Y. Vols., 1861 ; Asst. Surg., 
 U. S. A., 1861-65; Vis. Surg., St. Luke's Hosp., 1865-75;
 
 Visiting Surgeons. 127 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 Clin. Asst., N. Y. Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1865 ; Aural. Surg. 
 1866-74; Vis. Phys. Nursery and Child's Hosp., 1866-70: 
 Prof. Surg., Woman's Med. Coll., N. Y. Infirm., 1868-69: 
 Cons. Surg., N. Y. Infirmary for Women and Child., i8( 
 Vis. Surg., Roosevelt Hosp.,1871-81, Cons. Surg., 1888; Vis. 
 Surg., N. Y. Hosp., since 1876; Lect. Genilo-U. Dis., Co- 
 lumb., 1873-80; Prof. Clin. Surg., 1884-92; Prof. Surg, 
 since 1892. 
 
 1877 White,* John Payson Paul,- 1882. 
 
 1847 Wood,* Jaimes Rushmore, 1882. 
 
 M. D., Castleton (Vt.), 1846; LL. D., Geneva (N. Y.); 
 Demon. Anat., Castleton, 1846-47; Pres. N. Y. Pathol. 
 Soc. ; Vis. Surg., St. Vincent's and N. Y. Opthal. Disp. ; 
 Cons. Surg., Colored Orphan Asyl. Ligated carotid 
 and sub-clavian arteries, same side, for aneurism of 
 innominate — successful; one of first to cure aneurism 
 by digital compression, 1848; operated for removal of 
 Meckel's ganglion with superior maxillary division of tri- 
 geminus in nearly one fourth of all the cases in the world, 
 prior to 1879; devised the operation of division of pero- 
 neus muscles in chronic inflammation of the tendon, and was 
 the first to devise a treatment for chronic inflammation of 
 knee-joint by division of hamstrings and tendo Achilles; 
 among first in America to perform resection of shoulder and 
 elbow-joints; pioneer in periosteal surgery. Author of 
 " Removal of Entire Lower Jaw " ; '"Ligation of E.xternal 
 Iliac Artery"; "Spontaneous Dislocation of Head of the 
 Femur into Ischiatic Notch Occurring in Morbus Coxarius," 
 1847; "Early History of Operation of Ligation of Primi- 
 tive Carotid Artery," 1857; "Strangulated Hernia," N. Y. 
 Med. and Surg. Rep., 1845 ; "Ligation of External Iliac 
 Artery, Followed by Secondary Hemorrhage," 1856; "Phos- 
 phorous Necrosisof Lower Jaw," 1856. Died in N. Y. City, 
 1882, aet. 69; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 1890 WooLSEY, George, 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1891 ; M. D., Columb., 1885; Prof. Anat., 
 Univ. City N. Y., since 1890. 
 
 1 88 1 Wright, Joel Williston, i 
 
 M. D., Columb., 1866; Prof. Obstet., Univ. City N. Y., 
 1876-79; Prof. Surg., 1879-89.
 
 128 Ail Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died. 
 
 1878 Yale, Lkrov Milton, . . 1883. 
 
 A. B., Columb., 1862; A. AL, 1865 ; M. D., Hell. Hosp. 
 Med. ColL, 1866; Res. Surg., Brooklyn City Hosp., 1864- 
 1865 ; House Phys. , Charity Hosp., 1866 ; Asst. to Chair Or- 
 thop. Surg., Bell. Hosp. Med. Coll., 1868-76; Adj. Lect., 
 1876-83; Lect. Obstet., Univ. Vermont, 1870; Vis. Phys., 
 Charity Hosp., 1871-74; Vis. Surg., 1874-77; Presby. 
 Mosp., 1880-84. 
 
 VISITING SURGEONS. 
 
 ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY. 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died 
 
 819 
 
 1817 Akerlev,* Benjamin, 
 
 1819 Dyckman,* Jacob 
 
 1847 Childs,* S. R., 
 
 1847 Parker,* Willakd, 
 
 1847 Stewart.* Ferdinand Campbell, 
 
 1847 Stone,* John Osgood, 
 
 1847 Vache,* Alexander, 
 
 1847 Van Buren,* William Holme, 
 1847 Wood,* James Rushmore, . . . . 
 
 1849 Greene,* Isaac, 
 
 1849 Smith,* Charles D., 
 
 1853 Corson,* John W., 
 
 1853 Crane,* John Jacob, 
 
 1853 Sayre, Lewis Albert, . . . . . 
 
 1854 Lidell,* John A., 
 
 1854 Smith, Stephen, 
 
 1856 Parker,* Willard (2d time), . . . 
 1859 Church,* William Henry, . . . 
 1859 Gouley, John William Seyerin, 
 1859 Meier,* Carl Theodor Maxim, . 
 1859 Mott,* Alexander Brown, . . . 
 
 850 
 
 853 
 848 
 
 854 
 848 
 
 853 
 882 
 
 854 
 859 
 
 853 
 878 
 
 883 
 858 
 891 
 868 
 866 
 
 864
 
 Visiting Surgeons. 129 
 
 Appointed. Resigned or Died 
 
 861 Hamilton,* Frank Hastings, 1882 
 
 862 Sands,* Henry Berton, 1877 
 
 868 Markoe, Thomas Masters, 1877 
 
 875 Crosby,* Alpheus Benning, 1877 
 
 875 Mason,* Erskine, 1882 
 
 875 Smith, Gouverneur Mather, 1876 
 
 876 Keyes, Edward Lawrence, 1887 
 
 876 Sabine,* Thomas Taunton, 1882 
 
 877 Darby,* John Thomson, 1879 
 
 877 White,* John Payson Paul, 1882 
 
 878 Phelps, Charles, 
 
 878 Yale, Leroy Milton, 1883 
 
 879 Stimson, Lewis Atterbury, , 
 
 881 Wright, Joel Williston, i 
 
 882 Bryant, Joseph Decatur, 
 
 882 Dennis, Frederick Shepard, 
 
 882 Fluhrer, William Francis, 
 
 882 McBurney, Charles, i 
 
 882 Weir, Robert Fulton, i 
 
 883 Halsted, William Stewart, 1887 
 
 883 Lange, Frederick E., 1884 
 
 885 Hall, Richard John, 1890 
 
 887 Alexander, Samuel, , 
 
 887 Hartley, Frank, 1892 
 
 887 Markoe, Francis Hartman, 
 
 889 Gallaudet, Bern Budd, 
 
 890 Woolsey, George, 
 
 891 GwYER, Frederick Walker, 
 
 892 Taylor, Robert W.,
 
 130 Ah Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 LIST OF THOSE MEMBERS OF THE 
 
 CONSULTING AND VISITING STAFFS 
 
 WHO WERE PREVIOLSI.Y INTERNES. 
 
 Interne. Visiting. Consulting. 
 
 Stephen Brown,* . . 1815-20, 1823-26 
 Isaac Wood,* .... 1826-33, 1852-68. 
 
 Alexander F. Vache,* 1840-42, 1847-48 
 
 Thomas F. Cock, . . . 1840-41, 1849-55 
 
 John A. Lidell,* . . . 1848-49, 1854-58 
 
 Stephen Smith. . . . 1851,11 1854-91 1892-. 
 
 T. Gaillard Thomas, . 1853,11 1859-71 
 
 John W. S. Gouley, . . 1854, I 1859- 
 
 Henry B. Sands,* . . . 1855. I 1862-77 
 
 Edward G. J anew ay, . 1865, II 1872-92 
 
 William M. Polk, . . 1870, II 1874- 
 
 Francis Delafield, . 1864, II 1875-86 1886. 
 
 Erskine Mason,* . . . 1861, I 1875-82 
 
 Henry F. Walker, . . 1867, II 1875-84 
 
 John P. P. White,* . . 1862, II 1877-82 
 
 John G. Curtis, . . . 1870, II 1877-80 
 
 Charles Phelps, . . . 1859, I & II 1878- 
 
 William F. Fluhrer, . 1873, I 1882- 
 
 Charles McBurney, . 1870, II 1882-88 
 
 Joseph D. Bryant, . . 1871, I 1882- 
 
 W. Gill Wylie, . . . .1872,1 1882- 
 
 A. Alexander Smith, . 1872, II 1882- 
 
 Frederick S. Dennis, . 1876. I 1882- 
 
 Walter R. Gillette, . 1864, I 1882- 
 
 WlLLIAM S. HALSTED, . 1878, I 1 883-87 
 
 E. Darwin Hudson,* . 1868, II 1884-87 
 Thomas A. McBride,* . 1872, I & II 1885-86 
 
 Charles L. Dana, . .1878,11 1885- 
 
 Hermann M. Biggs, . . 1884, II \ ^ ,gQ-,i
 
 Resident Physician and Surgeons. 131 
 
 Interne. 
 
 Visiting. 
 
 1883, I 
 
 1887- 
 
 1884, II 
 
 1887- 
 
 1882, I 
 
 1887-9 
 
 1885, I 
 
 I89I- 
 
 Samuel Alexander, 
 Henry P. Loomis, . . 
 Frank Hartley, . . 
 Fred W. Gwyer, . . 
 
 INTERNES. 
 
 1 806- 1 894. 
 arranged alphabetically. 
 
 * Deceased. % Subsequent history not ascertained. 2 See List of Internes, 1850-94. 
 
 RESIDENT PHYSICIAN AND SURGEONS. 
 
 1806-1817. 
 Bro\yn,* Stephen, i8 15-17. 
 
 M. D. ; House Physician, Bellevue Establishment, 
 1817-20; Visiting, 1823-26; New-York Hospital, 
 1826-32; Professor Pharmacy, New-York College of 
 Pharmacy, 1829. Author of "On the New Mode of Ban- 
 daging Fracture of the Clavicle," 182 1 ; "Report of a 
 Case of Fractured Patella in Bellevue Penitentiary, 
 Caused by an Attempt at Escape," Med. «& Phys. Jour., 
 Vol. v., p. 574; " Observations on the Use of Nitrate 
 of Silver, Embodying also the Results of Ten Cases of 
 Ulcerated Sore Throat, etc.," 1828; "Prize Essay on 
 Typhus Fever," Amer. Med. Rec, 1828, Vol. XIV., 
 p. i. ; " Prize Essay on Small-pox, Varioloid and Vac- 
 cination," idem 1829, Vol. XVL, p. 45. Born in 1786; 
 died in Canaan, N. Y., April 12, 1855. 
 
 Creed,§ 1810-. 
 
 Huyler,* John,<§> 1808-10. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1800; A. M., 1803. 
 
 Seaman,§ Richard, 1806-08. 
 
 Sherrill,§ Hunting, 1808.
 
 132 A?i Account of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 HOUSE PHYSICIANS AXU HOUSK SURGEONS. 
 
 1817-1826. 
 
 Belden,* Medical Division, i82o(?)-25. 
 
 Died in the hospital, April, 1825, of typhus fever. 
 See page 32. 
 
 Brown,* Stephen, Medical Division, 1817-20. 
 
 See List of Resident Physician and Surgeons, above. 
 
 HoWE,§ John, Jr., Surgical Division, 1817-20. 
 
 King,* Theodore F., . . . . Surgical Division, 1825-27. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1822; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1827. Subsequently in Europe; later, in 
 practice in New Rochelle, N. Y., and later still in Brook- 
 lyn, N. Y. One of the founders of Brooklyn City Hos- 
 pital, 1840. Superintendent of Public Schools, Kings 
 County, N. Y., and later of State of New Jersey, resid- 
 ing in Perth Amboy, N. J. Born in 1805 ; died in 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., September 2, 1868. 
 
 RODGERS,* James H., .... Medical Division, 1825-26. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1825 ; 
 Health Officer, San Francisco, Cal. Born in 1802 ; died 
 in San Francisco, Cal., January 30, 1852. 
 
 SUCKLEY,* John Lang, . . Surgical Division, 1823-25. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1819; A. M., 1823; M. U., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1823. Died in 1836. 
 
 Westeryelt,* John E., . . . Surgical Division, 1820-23. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1820; 
 Health Officer, New-York City, 1826. Born in 1798; 
 died in New Brighton, N. Y., July 31, 1869.
 
 Resident Physicians. 133 
 
 RESIDENT PHYSICIANS. 
 
 1826-1849. 
 
 Corning,^ John, 1842-43. 
 
 Hasbrouck,* Fenelon, 1846-47. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1835 ; M. 
 D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1839. Born in 
 1815 ; died in Peekskill, N. Y., December 15, 1861. 
 
 McClelland,* John, 1844-46. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1832; M. D., elsewhere, 1836; Physi- 
 cian, New-York Lunatic Asylum, 1839-43; in practice 
 in New-York City, 1843-44, ai''d again 1846-75. Born 
 in Galway, N. Y., April 23, 1805; died in New- York 
 City, February^20, 1875 ; cause, erysipelas. 
 
 Ogden,* Benjamin, 1834-35 & ^"^17- 
 
 M. D. , Columbia, 1820. In London and Paris, 1823. 
 House Physician, New-York Hospital; in practice in 
 New-York City, 1824-34; Physician, Bloomingdale Lu- 
 natic Asylum, 1837-39; Visiting Physician, New-York 
 City Lunatic Asylum; Consulting Physician, Sandford 
 Hall Lunatic Asylum, Flushing, N. Y., 1849-65; Con- 
 sulting Physician, St. Luke's Hospital, New-York City; 
 President, Medical Society County New-York, 1865; 
 First President, Alumni Association, College of Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons, New- York. Born in New-York 
 City, October 14, 1797 ; died suddenly in New-York 
 City, November 9, 1855 ; cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Reese,* David Meredith, 1847-49. 
 
 M. D., University of Maryland, 1819; LL. D. ; Pro- 
 fessor, Institutes of Medicine and Surgery and Medical 
 Jurisprudence, Washington University, School of Medi- 
 cine, Baltimore, Md. ; Theory and Practice of Medi- 
 cine, Albany (N. Y.), Medical College, 1839, and later 
 in Castleton (Vt.), Medical College ; in private practice, 
 New-York City, 1849-60; Vice-President, American 
 Medical Association, 1857; Professor, Practice of Medi- 
 cine, New-York Medical College, i860; Founder and 
 
 9A
 
 134 -^'^ Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Editor "New-York Medical Gazette and Journal of 
 Health," 1850-61. Author of " Observations on the Epi- 
 demic of 1819 as it Prevailed in a Part of the City of Bal- 
 timore" (Balto., 1819), 12°, pp. xii., 13-114; "Cooper's 
 Surgical Dictionary" (new edition of 6th London, 1830; 
 also of 7th Lond. ed., "With Supplementary Appendix 
 Embracing all Recent Improvements in Europe since 
 1838 ; and a Record of Meritorious Operations by Amer- 
 ican Surgeons"), Harper Bros., N. Y., 1848 ; " A Plain 
 and Practical Treatise on the Epidemic of Cholera as it 
 Prevailed in the City of New-York in the Summer of 
 1832, including its Nature, Causes, Treatment, and Pre- 
 vention," Connor & Cooke, N. Y., 1833, 8°, pp. no; 
 "Phrenology Known by its Fruits," Howe & Bates, N. Y., 
 1836, 8°, pp. 195 ; " Introductory Lecture Delivered at 
 the Opening of the Albany Medical College, January 2, 
 1839," Hoffman & White, Albany, N. Y., 1839, 8°, pp. 
 44 ; "A Plea for the Intemperate," J. S. Taylor & Co., 
 N. Y., 1841, 16^, pp. viii.,9-86; " Rudiments of Vege- 
 table Physiology," Sorin & Ball, Phila., 1846, 12°, pp. 
 162 ; " Ship Fever at the Bellevue Hospital," J. «S: H. 
 G. Langley, N. Y., 1847, 8', pp. 8, also N. Y. Jour. 
 Med., 1847, Vol. IX., p. 266; " Medical Lexicon of Mod- 
 ern Terminology," S. S. & W. Wood, N. Y., 3d ed., 
 1855, 18°, pp. viii., 11-233 ; "Report on Infant Mortal- 
 ity in Large Cities; the Sources of its Increase and 
 Means for its Diminution," T. K. & P. G. Collins, Phila. , 
 1857, 8°, pp. 19, also Trans. Amer. Med. Assoc, 1857, 
 Vol. X. Born in Maryland, 1800; died in New- York 
 City, May 13, 1861 ; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 Stephenson,<^ 1^33-34- 
 
 Vache,* Alexander F 1840-42. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1825; 
 Physician to the Marine Hospital, New-York City ; Vis- 
 iting Physician, Bellevue Hospital, 1847-48. Born in 
 1799; died in New-York City, June 9, 1857; cause, 
 exhaustion. 
 
 Van Hoevenburg,* Henry, 1837-39. 
 
 M. D., Jefferson, 1812; Assistant Surgeon, 13th In- 
 fantry Regiment, U. S. A., 1812-14; served on the Ni- 
 agara frontier, and organized the first military hospital
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 135 
 
 after the battle of Oueenstovvn ; resigned, 1814; Surgeon 
 on a privateer in United States service, 1814-15 ; in prac- 
 tice in Marbletown, N. Y., 1815-17; Kingston, N. Y., 
 1817-27; Deputy Health Officer, Port of New- York, 
 1838-43 ; Health Officer, 1843-48 ; retired and living in 
 Kingston, N. Y., 1848-56. Born in Staatsburgh, N. Y., 
 November 3, 1790; died in Kingston, N. Y., July 28, 
 1868. Father of James O. Van Hoevenburg, Assistant 
 Resident (1842-43). 
 
 Whiting,* Alexander Backus, 1843-44. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1833; A. M., 1836; M. D., 1838; Health 
 Officer, Port of New-York. Born in Canaan, N. Y., 
 March 3, 1814; died in New-York City, May 2, 1868. 
 
 Wood,* Isaac, 1826-33. 
 
 M. D. , Queen's College, N. J., 1816; Interne, New- 
 York Hospital, 1814-16; member of Committee ap- 
 pointed by the New-York City Common Council, April 
 14, 1825, to investigate causes, etc., of typhus fever, then 
 prevalent in the Penitentiary ; President of Kappa Lamb- 
 da Society of Hippocrates, 1845 ; Medical Society, 
 County of New-York, 1846; Vice-President, New-York 
 Academy of Medicine, 1849; President, 1850-53; Trus- 
 tee, 1855-58; Treasurer, American Medical Associa- 
 tion; Consulting Physician, Bellevue Hospital, 1852-68. 
 Born in Clinton, N. Y., August 21, 1793; died in 
 Norwalk, Conn., March 23, 1868; cause, acute lobar 
 pneumonia. 
 
 ASSISTANT RESIDENT PHYSICIANS. 
 Atwater,'^. William, 1845-46. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians, 1845. 
 
 Ayres,* Daniel, 1844-45. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1842; LL. D., Wesleyan, 1856; 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1844; 
 Visiting Surgeon, Brooklyn Hospital, 1852-92; Long 
 Island College Hospital, 1859-92 ; St. Peter's Hospi-
 
 136 A /I AccoHut of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 tal, 1864-92; Surgeon, New-York State \'olunteers, 
 1861-65 ; Professor of Surgery, Long Island College 
 Hospital, 1858-74; Emeritus Professor of Surgical 
 Pathology and Clinical Surgery, 1874-92. Author of 
 " Successful Treatment of Tetanus," N. Y. Jour. Med., 
 1852 : " Treatment of Membranous Croup by Tracheot- 
 omy," idem; "Operation for Artificial Anus in Groin 
 and in Lumbar Region," idet)i ; "Successful Reduc- 
 tion of Complete Dislocation of the Cervical Vertebrae" 
 (sec Hamilton "On Fractures and Dislocations," 8th 
 ed., p. 536), N. Y. Jour. Med., 1852, et seq. ; "Con- 
 genital Exstrophy of the Urinary Bladder and its Com- 
 plications, Successfully Treated by a New Plastic Opera- 
 tion," 1859 (see "System of Surgery," S. \V. Gross, 
 ed. 1882. p. 671, also Erichson's "Surgery," 9th ed., 
 Vol. II., p. 1080). Born in Jamaica, N. Y., Oct. 22, 
 1822; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Jan. 18, 1892; cause, 
 diabetes, senile gangrene. Dr. Ayres made many be- 
 quests to institutions, those to Wesleyan University 
 aggregating $275,000, and to the Hoagland Laboratory, 
 Brooklyn, $10,000. 
 
 Barney, § Charles G., 1840. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1841. 
 
 Beai.s.* Gorham, 1847-48. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1842 ; M. D., College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1845 ; Attending Physician, New-York Dis- 
 pensary, 1845-47. Born in 1819; came from Canan- 
 daigua, N. Y. ; died in New-York City, January 9, 1848 ; 
 cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty in the 
 hospital. 
 
 BiBBiNS,* Willi A.M Burr,- 1849. 
 
 Blakeman,* William Rufus, 1847-48. 
 
 M. D., Yale, 1847. From Fairfield, Conn. Died in 
 1848; cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty in 
 the hospital. 
 
 BoYi),* Samuel, Jr 1826. 
 
 A. B. ; M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 1828; Health Officer, Brooklyn, N. Y. Born in 1806; 
 died in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 7, i860; cause, pul- 
 monary abscess.
 
 AssistcDit Resident Physicians. 137 
 
 Brown,* David Tilden, 1844-45. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1844; 
 Physician to Bloomingdale Lunatic Asylum, 1852-77. 
 
 BuEL,§ William Peter, 1 829-30 (?). 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1826; A. M., 1829; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1830; Surgeon, 131st Regi- 
 ment New- York State Infantry. 
 
 BuNYAN,* George Hume, 1844-45. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1843; M. D. , College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1846. Died in Springfield, O., 1853. 
 
 Burrall,* George William, (?) 1848-49. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1844 ; M. D., Berkshire, 1847. Died 
 in 1 88 1, aged 56 years. 
 
 Cahoon,* William Wirt, 1848. 
 
 A. B. ; M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 1848. Came from Vermont. Died in 1848; cause, 
 typhus fever, contracted while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Campbell, § Nicholas Lafayette, (?) .... 1844-45. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1845; 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1847. 
 
 Casey, § 1837. 
 
 Chapin,* Edward Rockwell, 1842-44. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1842; 
 Physician at Asylum for the Insane, Brattleboro, Vt. , 
 1842-49; Surgeon on sailing vessel between New- 
 York City and San Francisco, Cal., 1849; Superinten- 
 dent of one of the city hospitals, San Francisco, and in 
 general practice there, 1850-55 ; at Brattleboro, Vt. , 
 1855; Superintendent Kings County, N. Y., Insane 
 Asylum, 1856-71. Born in Chapinville, Conn., Jan- 
 uary I, 1827; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., Dec. 7, 1886; 
 cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Clark, James Guyon, 1847. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1845 ; in 
 practice in West New Brighton, N. Y., since 1847. 
 General medicine : West New Brighton, N. Y.
 
 o 
 
 8 A 71 Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 Cock, Thomas Ferris, 1840-41. 
 
 A. B., Havcrford College, 1836; LL. D., 1886; M. D., 
 University of Pennsylvania, 1840; Attending Physician, 
 Northern Dispensary ; V'isiling Physician, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital, 1849-55; New-York Hospital, 1855, and subse- 
 quently until present time Consulting Physician ; Con- 
 sulting Physician, New- York Asylum for Lying-in Wo- 
 men, since 1841 ; New-York Infirmary for Women and 
 Children, since 1854; New-York State Woman's Hos- 
 pital, since 1855. Author of " A Manual of Obstetrics." 
 
 Obstetrics: 175 Second Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 CoNDicT, Isaiah W.,- 1849. 
 
 CooLiDGE,* Richard Hoffman, 1840. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1841 ; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1841-60; Surgeon, 1860-62; 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, and Medical Inspector, and Colonel 
 by brevet, 1862. Born in 1820; died in Raleigh, N. C, 
 January 23, 1866. 
 
 Cox,* Henry G., 1847-49. 
 
 A. B., Devonshire College, Bermuda, 1838; M. D., 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, New-York City, 
 1849; Assistant Physician, Quarantine Hospital, Port 
 of New-York, 1849; Visiting Physician, New-York 
 State Emigrants' Hospital, 1850-55; Consulting Phy- 
 sician, 1855-62; Professor of Theory and Practice of 
 Medicine, New-York Medical College, 1855; Visiting 
 Physician, Nursery and Child's Hospital, 1854-59. 
 Born in Devonshire, Bermuda, October 28, 1818; died 
 in New-York City, May 29, 1866; cause, paralysis from 
 congestion of the brain. 
 
 Daggett.* Greenlief Dearborn, 1848-49. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1848; 
 President, Medical Society of the County of Morris, N. 
 J., 1854; Trustee, Boonton, N. J., Academy, 1854. 
 Residence after leaving the hospital, Pittstown, and 
 later, Boonton, N. J. Born in Greene, Me., Novem- 
 ber 10, 1818; died in Boonton, N. J., July 23, 1854; 
 cause, dysentery.
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 139 
 
 Darling,* William, 1840. 
 
 A. M., University of the City of New-York, 1862; M. 
 D., 1842; M. R. C. S., 1856; F. R. C. S., 1866; Prosec- 
 tor, Chair of Surgery, University of the City of New- 
 York, 1842-45; Demonstrator of Anatomy, 1845-53; 
 Acting Professor, 1851-52; Professor, 1866; Acting 
 Professor, Anatomy, University of Vermont, 1871-73; 
 Professor, 1873; Senior Assistant Physician, Quarantine 
 Hospital, Port of New-York, 1853-55 ' Senior Assistant 
 Surgeon, New-York State Emigrants' Hospital, 1855-56. 
 Born about 1805 ; died in New-York City, December 24, 
 1884; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Davenport,* Philip Allen, 1840. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1837; A. M., 1840; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1841. Died in 1857. 
 
 Davis,§ 1847. 
 
 Dayton,§ 1848. 
 
 Deacon,* John, 1846. 
 
 M. D., Yale, 1847. Died in 1877. 
 
 DuBois,* Abram, 1834-35 & ^'^17- 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1830; iM. D., College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1835. In Europe, 1835-37. Assistant Surgeon, 
 New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1843, and successively 
 Surgeon, Consulting Surgeon and Secretary, Trustee and 
 Vice-President, till 1891 ; Consulting Surgeon, New-York 
 Institution for the Blind; Consulting Physician, Northern 
 Dispensary and to Home for Incurables; Benefactor of 
 New-York Academy of Medicine, having given $8000 
 to build extension to old hall in Thirty-first street, and 
 at least $2000 more to library, besides a large number 
 of books from his own collection ; left $80,000 to New- 
 York Eye and Ear Infirmary. Born in Red Hook, 
 N. Y., April 5, 1810; died in New-York City, August 
 30, 1891; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 ElGENBRODT,* DaVID L., 1 834-3.5 & 1 837. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1836. 
 Died in New-York City, January 3, 1880.
 
 140 Au Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 F"AiRCHiLn,* Richard Van Wvck,- 1849. 
 
 Fassett,§ Louis, 1848-49. 
 
 Fraimi:,* John, Jr 1847. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of Ncw-Vork, 1847. 
 Died in New-York City in 1847; cause, typhus fever. 
 
 Gallaer,* John, 1847. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1847; 
 Surgeon-in-Chief, Panama Railroad. Died in Aspin- 
 wall, U. S. of Colombia, July 23, i860. 
 
 GouLD,§ (William Moulton ?), 1847-48. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1847. 
 
 Green,* Enoch, 1847-48. 
 
 Student of medicine at the College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1847-48. Died in 1848; cause, typhus fever, 
 contracted while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Griswoli),* George, 1826. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1824; A. M., 1827; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1826. Died in 1836. 
 
 Guernsey,* Desault,- 1849. 
 
 Hazelhurst,§ Abram, 1833-34. 
 
 Hall,§ 1844. 
 
 Hedges,* Elihu T., 1848. 
 
 Student of medicine at the College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1847-48. Died in 1848; cause, typhus fever, 
 contracted while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Hewit,* Henry Stuart, 1847. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1847; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, and subsequently Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., 1848-51; Surgeon, U. S. Volun- 
 teers, 1861-65 ; Medical Director, Armies of West Ten- 
 nessee and Mississippi, and Army and Department 
 of Ohio ; Visiting Surgeon, Charity Hospital, New- York
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 141 
 
 City, and President of Medical Board, 1873 ; Lecturer on 
 Clinical Surgery, University of the City of New-York, 
 1868-72 ; Vice-President, Alumni Association, Medical 
 Department, University of the City of New-York, 1 867-73. 
 Died August 19, 1873; cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Hyslop,* James, 1840-42. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1836; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1841 ; in practice in New-York City, 
 1842-70. Born in Rhinebeck, N. Y., August 8, 1816; 
 died suddenly in New-York City, May 17, 1870; cause, 
 chronic nephritis, uriemic convulsions. Brother of Wil- 
 liam Hyslop (1852, I). 
 
 Ives,* Levi, 1839-40. 
 
 M. D., Yale, 1838; in practice, New Haven, Conn., 
 1840-91 ; Consulting Physician and Surgeon, New 
 Haven Hospital. Born in New Haven, July 13, 1816; 
 died there November 30, 1891; cause, chronic nephritis. 
 Relative (brother?) of Charles Linnasus Ives (1856, I). 
 
 Jenkins, Henry Duncan,'- 1849. 
 
 Kingsbury,* George H. H., 1847-48. 
 
 M. D., Berkshire; Assistant Physician, Quarantine 
 Hospital, Port of New-York. Born in Framingham, 
 Mass., May 14, 1822; died in New-York City, May 4, 
 1852. 
 
 KooN,§ A. Hubbard, . 1845-46. 
 
 Laxdon,* Dillon S., 1849. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1843; 
 M. D., 1849; Principal, Public School, Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 1843-46; Visiting Physician, Brooklyn City Hospital, 
 1853-73. Died in Brooklyn, N. Y., April 20, 1873; 
 cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Lawrence,* John James, 1845-46. 
 
 Student of medicine under Dr. Daniel Ayres of this 
 staff. He volunteered to act as a substitute while 
 many of the staff were ill with typhus fever ; contracted 
 the disease, and died August 15, 1846, aged 21 years. 
 The immediate cause of death was a rupture of the gall
 
 142 An Accouni of Bclleviic Hospital. 
 
 bladder followed by diffuse peritonitis. A detailed ac- 
 count of the case is to be found in the " New-York Jour- 
 nal of Medicine," Vol. \'ll..p. 315. 
 
 Lawrence,^ J. M., 1848-49. 
 
 Levings,* Noah C, 1844-45. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1844; 
 Surgeon on a sailing vessel between New-York and San 
 Francisco, Cal., 1849. Born in Burlington, Vt., March 
 4, 1824; died in New-York City, June 10, 1883; cause, 
 chronic nephritis. 
 
 LiDELL,* John A., 1848-49. 
 
 M. D., Albany, 1848; Visiting Physician, Bellevue 
 Hospital, 1854-58; Brigade Surgeon, U. S. Volunteers, 
 1861-66, at Stanton Hospital, Washington, D. C. ; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1866-83. Born in Schuyler, 
 N. Y., November 10, 1823; died in New-York City, 
 July 10, 1883. 
 
 LoiNEs,* Jonas Powell,- 1849. 
 
 Loving, Starling,- 1849. 
 
 Masters,* Bezsin Reese, 1848-49. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1848; 
 Surgeon-in-Chief, Panama Railroad ; Physician to the 
 Deaf and Dumb Asylum, New- York City. Born in 
 1827; died in Pembroke Parish, Bermuda, September 17, 
 i860; cause, enlargement of the liver. 
 
 Mayo, Willia.m Starbuck 1833-34. 
 
 M. D. , College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1832. 
 Retired : 437 Fifth Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Miliiau,* John Jefferson, 1845. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1850; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1850-51; Assis- 
 tant Surgeon, 1851-62; with expedition against the 
 Snake Indians, 1855, and later, Yakima expedition to 
 Washington Territory; with Rogue River Indian Cam- 
 paign, 1856; at Ft. Leavenworth, Kas., 1857; and 
 Utah Expedition, 1858 ; Medical Inspector, Army of the
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 143 
 
 Potomac, 1861 ; Surgeon, 1862-76; Medical Director, 
 3d Army Corps, 1862; at the battles of the Wilderness, 
 Seven Pines, Malvern Hill, Yorktown, and Second Bull 
 Run; Medical Director of Military Hospitals and Troops 
 in Maryland, 1862-63; Medical Director, 5th Army 
 Corps, 1863-64; owing to sickness, retired and ordered 
 to New-York; Surgeon, Central Park Hospital, 1864; 
 Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, 1864 ; Brevet Colonel, 1865 ; 
 Brevet Brigadier-General, 1866; Medical Director, 
 Third Military District and Department of the South, 
 1867-69; resigned, 1876; Commissioner, New- York 
 State Board of Charities, 1888-90; in private prac- 
 tice. New- York City, 1876-91. Born in the south of 
 France, December 28, 1828; died in New-York City, 
 May 8, 1891 ; cause, abdominal and kidney disease. 
 
 Moon,* Edward 1844-45. 
 
 M. D. ; Apothecary to Bellevue Hospital, 1843-44. 
 Born in England, and said to have died about 1877. 
 
 MoRETON, Henry, 1845-46. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1845 ; in 
 practice in New-York City since 1846. Author of "A 
 Case of Asphyxia from Drowning," N. Y. Med. and 
 Surg. Reporter, June 13, 1846; also several other papers. 
 
 General Medicine : 157 Grand street, New-York City. 
 
 MoRRELL,^ Nicholas, 1843-45. 
 
 MOTT,* 1847-48. 
 
 From Saratoga Springs, N. Y. Said to have died a 
 few years after leaving the hospital. 
 
 Mowbray,* Jarvis R., 1844-45. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1840; M. D., University of the City of 
 New-York, 1844; in practice in Islip, N. Y., 1845-65; 
 subsequently held the offices respectively of Town Clerk, 
 Town Superintendent of Common Schools, Health Offi- 
 cer, Justice of the Peace, Trustee of Town Lands, Su- 
 pervisor and Town Treasurer. Retired from practice, 
 1865-86. Died in Bay Shore, N. Y., July 27, 1886. 
 
 Mullen,* Peter A., 1845-46. 
 
 M. D. , University of the City of New-York, 1845. 
 Said to have died in California about 1850 or 185 1.
 
 144 -^'^ Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 O'Neill,^ 1847-48. 
 
 OsBORN,§ John, 1840. 
 
 M. D.. College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1841 ; 
 Medical Director, Metropolitan Police, New-York City, 
 1873- 
 
 Osgood,^ (John W. ?), 1844-45. 
 
 M. I)., University of the City of New- York, 1844. 
 
 Porter,* Henry William, 1847. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1842; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1846. ]5orn in 1813; died in New-York 
 City in 1847; cause, typhus fever, contracted while on 
 duty in the hospital. 
 
 PuRDY,* Alfred Seaman, 1831-33. 
 
 A. M. (honoris causa), Wesleyan, 1859; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1831 ; Attending Phy- 
 sician, New-York Dispensary; Physician, New-York 
 Lying-in Asylum ; one of the founders of the New-York 
 Academy of Medicine ; at one time President, Alumni 
 Association, College of Physicians and Surgeons; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1833-86. Born in New-York 
 City, December 14, 1808 ; died in New-York City, July 
 22, 1886; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Quintard, Charles Toud, 1846-47. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New York. 1847; A. 
 M., Columbia, 1852; S. T. D., 1865; D. D., Trinity, 
 1865; LL.D., Cambridge (Eng.), 1867; in practice, 
 New-York City, 1847-48; Attending Physician, New- 
 York City Dispensary, 1 847-48 ; in practice, Roswell, Ga. , 
 1848-52; Memphis, Tenn., 1852-54; Professor Physi- 
 ology and Pathological Anatomy, Memphis Medical 
 College, 1851-54; admitted to Holy Orders 1854; 
 Chaplain, C. S. A., 1861-65 ; Vice-Chancellor, Univer- 
 sity of the South, Sewanee, Tenn., 1865-72; Bishop of 
 Tennessee since 1865. Author of " A Plain Tract on 
 Confirmation," 1861 ; " Preparation for Confirmation," 
 1862; "Balm for the Weary and Wounded," 1864; 
 "Benediction of the Holy Ghost," 1890; also many 
 other papers. Pastoral Letters, etc. Residence since
 
 Assistant Rcsidcjit Physicians. 145 
 
 leaving the hospital, New-York City; Roswell, Ga. ; 
 Memphis and Sewanee, Tenn. 
 
 Bishop of Tennessee, Sewanee, Tenn. 
 
 Ranney,* Moses H., 1846-47. 
 
 A. M. (honoris causa). University of Vermont; M. D., 
 Berkshire, 1828 ; in practice in Salisbury, Vt., 1828-35 ; 
 Surgeon, 6th Regiment, Vermont State Militia, 1844-45 ; 
 Assistant Physician, Lunatic Asylum, Blackwell's Island, 
 New-York City, 1847 ; Resident Physician, Middlebury, 
 Vt. , Lunatic Asylum, 1848-64. Born in Stockbridge, 
 Vt., August 16, 1 8 14; died in Middlebury, Vt., December 
 7, 1864; cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty. 
 
 Rawson,* Edmund Grindal, 1828-29. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1826; A. M., 1830; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1830; Resident Physician, 
 Cholera Hospital, New-York City, 1834; Member of 
 City Council, 1841-44; ex-officio Judge of the Court of 
 Oyer and Terminer, and of Courts of General and of 
 Special Sessions; City Supervisor; for 3 years sole 
 Coroner of the City and County of New-York. Born in 
 Broadalbin, N. Y., November 30, 1803; died in New- 
 York City in 1882 ; cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Reilay, John Perkins, 1846-47. 
 
 Attended Rennselaer Polytechnic, Troy; M. D., 
 University of the City of New- York, 1846; Assistant 
 Physician, New-York State Emigrants' Hospital, Ward's 
 Island, New- York City, 1848-49; Surgeon on steamer 
 between New-York City and Aspinwall, 1850-52 ; Resi- 
 dent Physician State Marine Hospital, San Francisco, 
 Cal., 1852-53; Surgeon, Pacific Mail Steamship Com- 
 pany, to Panama, 1854-60. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, New-York City, 1848-61 ; Marysville, Cal, 
 1861-73 ; Oakland, Cal., since 1873. 
 
 General Medicine : Oakland, Cal. 
 
 Rochester,* Thomas F., 1848-49. 
 
 A. B., Geneva (N. Y.) College, 1845; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of Pennsylvania, 1848 ; Visiting Physician, 
 Demilt Dispensary, New-York City, 1852-53; Hospital 
 of the Sisters of Charity, Buffalo, N. Y., 1857-87, and 
 Buffalo General Hospital, 1866-87 ; President, Medical 
 Society of the State of New- York, 1875; During the
 
 146 Ah AccoiLut of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 War, appointed to inspect Union Field Hospitals. Born 
 in Rochester, N. Y., October 8, 1823; died in Buffalo, 
 N. Y., May 24, 1887; cause, chronic nephritis. 
 
 Sanger,* William Wallace 1846. 
 
 AL D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1846; 
 Physician-in-Chief, Blackwell's Island Hospital, New- 
 York City, 1847 and 1853-60; Physician, Clinton Hos- 
 pital, Staten Island, N. Y., 1848; in Europe, 1849-53; 
 in practice, New-York City, 1860-72. Author of "His- 
 tory of Prostitution." Born in Connecticut, August 10, 
 1819; died in New-York City, May 8, 1872. 
 
 SCOTT,§ 1842-43. 
 
 Seligman,* David, 1848. 
 
 Student of medicine at College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1848. Came from Long Island, N. Y. Died 
 in 1848; cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty 
 in the hospital. 
 
 Spaulding,'^ (W. C. ?), 1844-45- 
 
 Stamatiades,* Demetrius, 1836-37. 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1832; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1838. Died November 23, 1889. 
 
 Stewart,^ Edmund, 1843-44. 
 
 Stone,* Lyman H., 1847. 
 
 M. D., Vermont Medical College ; Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. A. Author of "Remarks on Typhus or Ship 
 Fever as Observed at Bellevue Hospital in the Spring 
 and Summer of 1847," N. Y. Jour. Med., 1848, Vol. X., 
 p. 168. Said to have died between 1875 and 1880. 
 
 Tallmadge, H. O., 1844-46. 
 
 Graduated at Glens Falls (N. Y.) Academy; M. D., 
 Castleton (Vt.) Medical College, 1843; Examining Sur- 
 geon, Essex County, N. Y., 1861 ; Surgeon, New-York 
 State Volunteers, 1861-63; resigned on account of ill- 
 ness; was in charge of Georgetown Heights College 
 Hospital with Dr. Daniel Ayres after second battle of 
 Bull Run. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Keeseville, N. Y.
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 147 
 
 Taylor,* Nathaniel W., 1846-47. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1844; A. M., 1847; M. D., 1846; in 
 practice subsequently in New Haven, Conn. Died in 
 
 1875. 
 
 Thompson,^ 1836-37. 
 
 Trippler,* Charles Stuart, 1826. 
 
 A. M. (honoris causa), Columbia, i860; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1827; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A., 1830; Major and Surgeon, 1838; Med- 
 ical Director, 2d Division Regulars, 1847; Department 
 of the Pacific, 1852-56; General Patterson's Army, 1861 ; 
 Army of the Potomac, 1861-62; Northern Department, 
 1864; Brevet Colonel, U. S. A., 1864. Born in 1806; 
 died in Cincinnati, O., Oct. 20, 1866; cause, epithelioma. 
 
 Trowbridge,^ 1844-46. 
 
 Van Buren,* Augustus, 1846-47. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1846. 
 Author of " The Use of Hydriodate of Potassa," N. Y. 
 Jour. Med., Vol. VIII., p. 208. Born in Ulster County, 
 N. Y., in 1824; died in New-York City, May 18, 1847; 
 cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty in the 
 hospital. 
 
 Van Hoevenburg,* James O., 1842-43. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1844. 
 Son of Henry Van Hoevenburg, Resident, 1837-39. 
 
 Wells,§ Charlton Henry, 1846-47. 
 
 A. B. ; M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 1846. 
 
 Wendell,* Benjamin Franklin, 1848-49. 
 
 Born in 1826; died in harbor of one of Bahama 
 Islands, December 18, 1852; cause, yellow fever. 
 
 Wilson,* William, 1829. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1825 ; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1829; Physician to Bloomingdale Insane 
 Asylum, 1839-44; subsequently in mercantile business.
 
 148 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Born in New-York City, July, 1806; died suddenly in 
 Mendham, N. J., October 30, 1872; cause, cardiac 
 disease. 
 
 WiNTERBOTHAM,* JOSEPH, 1 844-45. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1844; 
 Assistant Physician, Quarantine Hospital, New-York 
 City. Died in New-York City in 1849; cause, pulmo- 
 nary tuberculosis, 
 
 WOOD,§ 1847-48. 
 
 Worth,* Sidney B., 1848-49. 
 
 A. B. , Union, 1839; student of medicine at the Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1848, Died in 1848; 
 cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty in the 
 hospital, 
 
 Wynne,§ 1849. 
 
 LIST OF THE INTERNES, 1850 TO 1894 
 
 EXPLANATORY. 
 
 * Deceased, t Resigned. X Left the hospital before the expiration of 
 the term of service. § Subsequent history not ascertained. 
 
 The date opposite each name is the date of the house staff — I. referring 
 to April, and W. to October; thus, 1894, I., refers to the staff which will 
 leave the hospital on April i, 1894. If an interne did not complete the 
 term of service the date is printed in italics. 
 
 Dates mentioned after literary colleges represent (unless a degree is 
 given) the actual time spent at the college. 
 
 The addresses given of the recent internes are the permanent home ad- 
 dresses. 
 
 The cause of death given is in almost every case the statement of the 
 immediate friends, or is obtained from the official records. 
 
 See also explanatory note on page 107.
 
 Internes. 149 
 
 AcKERMAN,* William Fletcher, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1884, I. 
 
 A. B., Universityof the City of New- York, 1879; M. 
 D., Bellevue, 1882; Ambulance Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital, 1881. In practice in New-York City, 1884- 
 1886; San Diego County, Cal., 1886-88. Born in 
 Mount Vernon, N. Y., November 13, 1858 ; died in Es- 
 condido, Cal., March 12, 1888; cause, oedema of the 
 lungs and cerebral congestion. 
 
 Adams,* James Bemis, . . . Medical Division, 1851, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1847; A. M., 1850; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1851. In practice in Dun- 
 kirk, N. Y., 1852. Born in Lyons, N. Y., January 12, 
 1825 ; died in Curagoa, West Indies, while on the way 
 to South America, January 16, 1853 ; cause, yellow 
 fever. 
 
 AlKEN,§ Samuel H.,^ . . . ist Surgical Division, 1854, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1853. 
 Reported to have died a few years after leaving the 
 hospital. 
 
 AiNS\voRTH,t Fred. Crayton, 
 
 2d Medical Division, iSjS, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., University 
 of City of New-York, 1874; First Lieutenant and Assis- 
 tant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1874-79; Captain and Assistant 
 Surgeon, 1879-92. Colonel and Surgeon, 1892. 
 
 Colonel and Surgeon, U. S. A. : care Surgeon-Gen- 
 eral's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Alexander,* Richard H., . Medical Division, 185 1, II. 
 
 M. D., Jefferson, 1850; First Lieutenant and As- 
 sistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1853 ; Captain and Assistant 
 Surgeon, later; Medical Purveyor at Baltimore, Md., 
 1861-62; Medical Director, Army of the Potomac, 1862; 
 Major and Surgeon, 1862; Medical Director, Depart- 
 ment of the Gulf, 1862-65 ; serving in the field with 
 Red River Expedition, 1864; Medical Director, Depart- 
 
 1 As far as the committee has been able to judge, this name was erroneously printed 
 " Lemuel H. Aiken " in the first catalogue (1873).
 
 150 An Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 ment of the Platte, 1866-69; Acting- Assistant Medical 
 Purveyor, November, 1872 ; Acting-Assistant Medical 
 Director, Department of the Columbia, April and May, 
 1876; Lieutenant Colonel and Surgeon, 1884; Medical 
 Director, Department of Arizona, 1884-88. Born in 
 Illinois; died in Los Angeles, Cal., March 31, 1889; 
 cause, otitis media, suppurative pachy-meningitis. 
 
 Alexander, Samuel, . . 4th Medical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1879; A. M., 1882; M. D., Bellc- 
 vue, 1882; Attended clinics in London and Vienna, 
 1883-84; Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1884-85; Clinical Lecturer 
 on Genito-urinary Surgery, 1886-89; Professor of Gen- 
 ito-urinary Surgery, Dermatology, and Syphilography, 
 since 1889; Visiting Surgeon, Skin and Cancer Hospi- 
 tal, 1884-86; Bellevue Hospital since 1887; Attending 
 Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Genito-urinary 
 Diseases, 1884-86; Consulting Surgeon since 1886. 
 
 Genito-urinary Surgery and Syphilology : 5 West 
 58th street, New-York City. 
 
 Alexander, Welcome Taylor, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1871, II. 
 
 At Jefferson College, Cannonsburgh, Pa., 1865-66; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1870; attended clinics in Europe, 
 1871-75 ; Visiting Physician, Association for the Bene- 
 fit of Colored Orphans, since 1886; New-York Institu- 
 tion for the Deaf and Dumb since 1886. 
 
 General Medicine: St. Nicholas Avenue and 157th 
 street, New- York City. 
 
 Allen, John Edwin, . . 4th Medical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1874; at Vienna, 1877-78; Assis- 
 tant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Med- 
 ical College, 1878-84; Attending Physician, New-York 
 Dispensary, 1879-81; Attending Surgeon, Metropolitan 
 Throat Hospital, 1880-86; Assistant Surgeon, 71st Reg- 
 iment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1875-86; Inspector New-York 
 City Health Department since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine : 470 West 144th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 Inter7ies. 1 5 1 
 
 Amabile,* Sebastian, . . ist Medical Division, 1866, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1866; embarked in the Perit Expe- 
 dition to Cuba, commanded by General Jordan, March, 
 1869; killed in battle on the landing of the forces. 
 Born in Santiago de Cuba; killed. May 11, 1869. 
 
 Amerman,* George ^ 2d Medical Division, 1855, II. 
 
 Kershaw, i[ 2d Surgical Division, 1856, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1854; 
 Surgeon, Illinois Central R. R., 1857-67; Visiting Sur- 
 geon, Illinois State Hospital and Cook County Hospi- 
 tal, Chicago, 111., 1856-67. At home in Cayuga County, 
 N. Y., on account of ill health, in 1867. Born in Cay- 
 uga County, N. Y., 1832; died in Marcellus, N. Y., 
 June 20, 1867; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Anderton, William Bancroft, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1879; Assistant to the Chair of Ob- 
 stetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1881-89; Attending Physi- 
 cian, Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1882-84; 
 Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of Women, 
 1881-89. 
 
 General Medicine : 34 West 47th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Andrew,! George Lafferty, . Medical Division, 1850, I. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. A. B., Miami Uni- 
 versity, 1841 ; A. M., 1846; M. D., Medical College of 
 Ohio, 1845 ; County Physician, LaPorte, Ind., 1856-61 ; 
 Inspector, U. S. Sanitary Commission, 1861-64; Editor, 
 "Sanitary Reporter," Louisville, Ky., 1863; Examin- 
 ing Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, 1876-85; President. 
 LaPorte, Ind., Board, 1883-85 ; Treasurer, 1889; Medi- 
 cal Examiner, Mutual Life Insurance Company, N. Y., 
 Mutual Benefit Life, Newark, N. J., Equitable Life 
 Assurance Society, N. Y., Connecticut Mutual Life. 
 Author of " Sanitary Value of Forests," Trans. Amer. 
 Pub. Health Assoc, 1877, Vol. IV. ; "A Contribution 
 to the Rational Treatment of Dysentery," Trans. Ind. 
 State Med. Soc, 1879; "A Plea for Shelter Belts and 
 Sanitary Tree-planting," Trans. Ind. State Hort. Soc,
 
 152 Afi AccoiDit of Bellcviic Hospital. 
 
 1879; Articles on military sanitation in the "Sanitary 
 Reporter," 1863-65; and articles in various medical 
 journals. 
 
 Cieneral Medicine: LaPorte, Ind. 
 
 Andrews, Henry Francis, . 3d Medical Division, 1858, II. 
 
 At University of Georgia, 1853-55; M. D., University 
 of the City of New-York, 1857; Surgeon, C. S. A., 
 1861-65. Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine: Washington, Ga. 
 
 Andrews,* William Curtis Clark, 
 
 4th Surgical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 A. B., Marietta College, 1870; M. D., Bellevuc, 
 1874. Interne, Infants' Hospital, New-York City, 
 1874; First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 A., 1876-77. While on duty at Fort Stevens, on the 
 Columbia River, Lieutenant Andrews, with Lieutenant 
 Knapp and a sutler, was drowned by the upsetting of 
 an open boat while returning from Astoria to Fort 
 Stevens. Lieutenant Andrews's body was never re- 
 covered. Born in Marietta, O., July I, 1852; drowned 
 in Young's Bay, near Astoria, Oregon, April 19, 1877. 
 
 Arnold, Glover Crane, . 3d Surgical Division, 1874, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1873; Prosector, Chair of Surgery, 
 and Clinical Assistant in Surgery, University of the 
 City of New-York, 1875-77; Prosector, Chair of 
 Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, since 
 1886. 
 
 General Medicine: 115 East 30th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Arnold, William Birket, 3d Surgical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 A. B., Brown, 1884; A. M., 1887; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 56 State street. East 
 Orange, N. J. 
 
 Artman, Milton Ellsworth, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 Graduate of State Normal School, Geneseo, N. Y., 
 1885; M. D., Columbia, 1890. 
 General Medicine : Dansville, N. Y.
 
 Internes. 1 5 3 
 
 Austin,* William Henry, ist Surgical Division, i8Sg, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1887. 
 Did not join the staff. Died in New-York City, Janu- 
 ary 8, 1888, aged 23 years ; cause, typhoid fever. 
 
 Babb,§ Timothy, 2d Surgical Division, 1859,11. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1858. 
 Reported to have died in the West a few years after 
 leaving the hospital. 
 
 Bacon, Gorham, 3d Surgical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1875; M. D., Bellevue, 1878; In- 
 terne, Rotunda Lying-in Hospital, Dublin, 1879; at 
 Blackfriars Hospital, London, 1879; Vienna, 1879- 
 1880; Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1880-82; Assistant Surgeon, 
 New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1880-82; Aural 
 Surgeon since 1882; Lecturer on Diseases of the Ear, 
 New-York Polyclinic, 1885-86; Vice-President, Ameri- 
 can Otological Society, 1888. Author of " Growth of 
 Otology in the United States," Amer. Jour. Otol., Vol. 
 IV., No. 3; "Calcium Sulphide in Aural Diseases," 
 Arch. Otol., June, 1883 ; " A Case of Chronic Purulent 
 Inflammation of the Middle Ear, Complicated by Facial 
 Paralysis, Nausea, Vomiting, Unsteadiness in the Gait, 
 and Marked Deafness," Z(/i?;«, No. i, 1884; " The Op- 
 erative Treatment of Mastoid Disease, with Cases," 
 Ann. des Malad. d'Aielle, 1885, No. 11, 93; "Trau- 
 matic Lesions of the MembranaTympani," N. Y. Med. 
 Rec, Apr., 1885; " A Case of Acute Otitis Media and 
 Suppurativa, Followed by Mastoid Disease and Pyae- 
 mia; Mastoid Operation, Recovery," Trans. Amer. 
 Otol. Soc. , 1885; " An Account of a Suit for Damages 
 in a Case of Alleged Injury from a Blow on the Ear," 
 D. B., St. John Roosa and B., N. Y. Med. Jour., 
 Dec, 1885; ''Two Cases of Ear Disease from Trau- 
 matism," Trans. Amer. Otol. Soc, 1886; "Report of 
 Twenty-one Cases of Traumatic Lesions of the Ear, 
 with Remarks," N. Y. Med. Jour,, May 7, 1887; 
 "Foreign Bodies in the Ear," Gaillard's Med. Jour., 
 July, 1888; "A Case of Carcinoma of the Ear, Having 
 its Origin Partly in the Tympanum or Mastoid An- 
 trum," A. T. Muzzy & B., Archiv. Otol., Vol. XVII. , 
 No. I ; "On the Use of the Wet Cup in Place of the
 
 154 ^^^ Account of BcllcvHC Hospital. 
 
 Leech in Certain Acute Diseases of the Ear," N. Y. 
 Med. Jour., Jan. 7, 1888; "Treatment of Acute In- 
 flammation of the Middle Ear," Med. News (Phila.), 
 Mch. 30, 1889; "A Case of Cerebral Abscess, Follow- 
 ing Extensive Necrosis of the Temporal Bone, and in 
 Which the Skull was Trephined ; Death from Secon- 
 dary Hemorrhage, Autopsy," Trans. Amer. Otol. Soc, 
 1888. 
 
 Diseases of the Ear : 63 West 54th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Badeau, Charles Wingate, ist Medical Division, 1870, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1869; 
 House Physician, Infants' Hospital, Randall's Island, 
 N. Y., 1870; Physician, 5th District, New-York City, 
 1870; Attending Physician, New-York Dispensary, 
 1871; Medical Officer, New-York Post-Office, 1871; 
 Township Physician, Orvil, N. J., 1888; Medical Ex- 
 aminer, American Legion of Honor, Council No. 623, 
 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Allendale, N. J. 
 
 Baldwin, Henry Rutgers, ist Medical Division, 1854, II. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1849; A. M., 1852; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1853; Surgeon, S. S. 
 Baltic, 1855; President, Middlesex County (N. J.) 
 Medical Society, 1861-65; Treasurer of the Medical 
 Society, State ofNew Jersey, 1867-75; President, 1877; 
 President, Board of Health, New Brunswick, N. J., 
 1889; Trustee, Rutgers College, since 1884; President, 
 Medical Board, Wells's Memorial Hospital, New Bruns- 
 wick, 1889. Author of ''Unity of the Species," Trans. 
 Med. Soc, State N. J., 1858; "Precision in Diagnosis," 
 ide))i, 1875 ; "The Communicable Diseases of Children 
 and some Suggestions for Their Prevention," 1878. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Stapleton, N. Y., 
 1854-55, and New Brunswick, N. J., since 1855. 
 
 General Medicine: New Brunswick, N. J. 
 
 Ballou, William Rice, . 4th Surgical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 M. D., Bowdoin, 1886, Bellevue, 1886; Attending 
 Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 1888-92; In- 
 structor in Genito-urinary Surgery, New-York Poly- 
 clinic, 1889-92; Professor of Equine Anatomy, New-
 
 Internes. 1 5 5 
 
 York College of Veterinary Surgeons, 1889-92. 
 Author of " A Compend of Equine Anatomy and 
 Physiology" (P. Blackiston & Son), 1890. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 1888-92; 
 Asheville, N. C, 1892. Traveling in the South, 1893. 
 
 Bangs, Lemuel Bolton, . 2d Medical Division, 1873, II. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1861; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1872; Visiting Surgeon, City (late Charity) 
 Hospital, since 1884, St. Luke's Hospital since 1885. 
 Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Surgery: 31 East 44th street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Banks, Charles W., ... 3d Surgical Division, 1 89 1, I. 
 
 At Cornell, 1887-89; M. D., Bellevue, 1890. 
 General Medicine : 138 West Main street, Port Jervis, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Barker, Phanett Coe, . . ist Medical Division, 1861, I. 
 
 A. M. (honoris causa), Princeton, 1885; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, i860; Examining Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bu- 
 reau, since 1869; President, Morris District (N. J.) 
 Medical Society, 1876-77; Medical Society of the State 
 of New Jersey, 1885. Author of "Concerning the 
 Action of Opium as a Parturient Agent," N. Y. Med. 
 Jour., 1869; "The Vaccination Question," Trans. 
 Med. Soc. State N. J., 1882; "The Germ Theory of 
 Disease and its Relation to Sanitation," idetn, 1885 ; and 
 various articles in medical journals. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital. Cold Spring, N. Y., 1861-68; 
 Morristown, N. J., since 1868. 
 
 General Medicine: Morristown, N. J. 
 
 BARNETT,t Solomon, . . . 2d Surgical Division, iSSy, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. B. S., College of 
 the City of New-York, 1883; M. D., Columbia, 1886; 
 Attending Neurologist, New- York Orthopaedic Dispen- 
 sary and Hospital, 1888; Visiting Physician, Eastern 
 Dispensary, since 1888; Assistant Sanitary Inspector, 
 New-York City Health Department, Summer Corps, 
 1887-89. 
 
 General Medicine : 365 West 30th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 156 All Accoiint 0/ Bellevjie Hospital. 
 
 Barrett,* Edward Benjamin, 
 
 1st Medical Division, i860, II. 
 
 At Amherst, 1S54-56; A. M. (honoris causa), later; 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1859; in 
 practice in Northampton, Mass., 1861-62; retired on 
 account of ill health, 1862; in Minnesota, 1862-63 ^"d 
 1864-65; Northampton, Mass., 1865. Died in North- 
 ampton, Mass., November 24, 1865, aged 29 years; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Barrows, Charles Clifeord, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 At the University of Virginia (Academic), 1876-79; 
 .M. D., University of Virginia, 1879, University of the 
 City of New-York, 1880; First Lieutenant and Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., 1882-87. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, U. S. Army, 1882-87; New-York City 
 since 1887. 
 
 General Medicine : 7 East 36th street, New- York City. 
 
 Barrows, Nathan, . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1858, II. 
 
 a. B., Western Reserve College, 1850; A. M., 1853; 
 M. D., Cleveland, 1855 ; College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1857; in general practice, Newark, N. J., 
 1859; Falmouth, Mass., 1862-63; Sandwich, Mass., 
 1863-65; Principal, Atkinson (N. H.) Academy, 1865-66; 
 Berwick (Me.) Academy, 1866-68; Stevens High School, 
 Claremont, N. H., 1868-70; Professor of Mathematics, 
 Kimble Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., 1871-80; 
 Principal West Middle Grammar School, Hartford, 
 Conn., 1880-81; Professor of Mathematics, Rollins Col- 
 lege, Winter Park, Fla., since 1885. 
 
 Professor of Mathematics: Rollins College, Winter 
 Park, Fla. 
 
 Bates,* George Fah-ibanks, ist Surgical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1872. Born in Watertown, N. Y., 
 May 2, 185 1 ; died in New- York City, April 19, 1882; 
 cause, cerebrospinal meningitis. 
 
 Baxter,* Jededl\h Hyde,! 1862, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. A. B., University 
 of Vermont, 1859; AL D., i860; A. M., 1865; LL. B., 
 Columbian University, 1876; Surgeon, 12th Regiment,
 
 Internes, 1 5 7 
 
 Massachusetts Volunteers, 1861 ; Brigade-Surgeon, 
 United States Volunteers, 1862; Lieutenant-Colonel 
 and Assistant Medical Purveyor, U. S. A., 1867; Colonel 
 and Chief Medical Purveyor, 1872; Brigadier-General 
 and Surgeon-General, 1890. Author of "Statistics, 
 Medical and Anthropological, of the Provost Marshal- 
 General's Bureau," Med. Rept. Prov. Mar.-Gen.'s Off. 
 Born in Stafford, Vt. , May ii, 1837; died in Wash- 
 ington, D. C, December 4, 1890; cause, cerebral 
 hemorrhage. 
 
 Bedford,* Frederick, . . 2d Surgical Division, i860, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1859. 
 Died in New- York City, December 8, 1891. 
 
 Bellamy, Russell, .... 2d Medical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 At University of North Carolina, 1887-89; Davidson 
 College, N. C, 1889-90; M. D., University of City of 
 New-York, 1892. 
 
 Address : Wilmington, N. C. 
 
 Bensel, Walter, .... 4th Surgical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 64 East 79th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Berkele,* Elmer Fox, . 4th Surgical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1887; M. D., Columbia, 1890. Born in 
 New Haven, Conn., February 26, 1866; died in Canon 
 City, Col., August 20, 1892; cause, pulmonary tuber- 
 culosis. 
 
 Berle, Adolph William, 2d Medical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 B. S., College of the City of New-York, 1880; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1885 ; attended 
 European clinics, 1886-87. 
 
 General Medicine: 145 Avenue B, New-York City. 
 
 BiBBixs,* William Burr, . . . Medical Division, 1850, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1845 ; A. M., 1848; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1849; Assistant Resident 
 Physician, Infants' Hospital, New-York City, 1852 (?) ; 
 Visiting Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 1852-63; At-
 
 158 Aji Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 tending Physician, Diseases of the Head and Abdomen, 
 1863-66; \'isiting Physician, Asylum for Aged and In- 
 digent Females, 1856-71 ; Treasurer, New-York Patho- 
 logical Society; President, 1867. Born in Fairfield, 
 Conn., September 8, 1823; died in New-York City, 
 January 16, 1871 ; cause, typhoid fever. Dr. Bibbins 
 bequeathed about $20,000 to Yale College. 
 
 Biggs, Chauncey Pratt, 4th Surgical Division, 1889, II. 
 
 At Cornell, 1874-76 ; M. D., Bellevuc, 1888 ; at Gen- 
 eral Hospital, Vienna, 1890; Delegate from New-York 
 State Medical Association to the International Medical 
 Congress, Tenth Session, Berlin, 1890; Medical Exam- 
 iner, Mutual Life Insurance Company, New-York City, 
 Manhattan Life since 1890, Equitable Life since 1891. 
 Brother of Hermann M. Biggs (1884, II) and cousin of 
 George P. Biggs (1891, I). 
 
 Surgery and General Medicine : Ithaca, N. Y. 
 
 BiGGS, George Patten, . . 3d Medical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1889; Assistant Pathologist, New- 
 York Hospital, since 1891 ; Visiting Physician, Work- 
 house and Almshouse Hospitals, since 1892; Assistant 
 to Chair of Pathology, Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
 lege, since 1892. Cousin of Chauncey P. Biggs (1889, 
 II) and of Hermann M. (1884, II). 
 
 General Medicine: 5 West 58th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Biggs, Hermann Michael, 3d Medical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 A. B., Cornell, 1882; M. D., Bellevue, 1883; at Uni- 
 versities of Berlin and Grcifswald, 1884-85 ; Visiting 
 Physician, Workhouse and Almhouse Hospitals, New- 
 York City, 1885-92; Bellevue Hospital, 1886-87, and 
 since 1892 ; Gouverneur Hospital, 1890-92 ; Consulting 
 Physician, Hospital for Contagious Diseases, North 
 Brother Island, since 1889; Pathologist, City (late Char- 
 ity) Hospital, 18S6-92 ; Consulting Pathologist to Italian 
 Hospital, and to Beth-Israel Hospital, since 1891 ; Assis- 
 tant Pathologist, Bellevue Hospital, 1886-92, Patholo- 
 gist since 1892; Instructor in the Carnegie Laboratory, 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical CoIIege,since 1885 ; Lecturer 
 on Pathological Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College, 1886-91, Professor since 1891 ; Demonstrator
 
 Internes. 159 
 
 of Anatomy, 1886-92 ; Professor Materia Medica, Ther- 
 apeutics, and Clinical Medicine, since 1 892 ; Instructor in 
 Anatomy and Practice of Medicine, spring term, since 
 1886; Member of Committee of Conference between the 
 New-York Academy of Medicine and the New-York 
 City Health Department, 1887, and of Advisory Com- 
 mittee, Chamber of Commerce, during cholera outbreak 
 of 1892; Consulting Pathologist, New-York City Health 
 Department, since 1888; Chief Inspector, Division of 
 Pathology, Bacteriology, and Disinfection, since 1892 ; 
 President, Society of the Alumni of Bellevue Hospital, 
 1887-89; Vice-President, New-York Pathological Soci- 
 ety, 1889; President, 1891. Author of "The Physiolog- 
 ical Action of Cocaine," Greifswald, 1885; Translator 
 and Editor of" Heuppe's Methods of Bacteriological In- 
 vestigations," D. A. & Co., 1886; " Rupture of Aortic 
 Aneurisms, with a Report of Thirty-three Cases, "Amer. 
 Jour. Med. Sc, 1888; " The Distoma Sinense," z^^';;/, 
 1890; "New Growths in the Liver," Wood's Ref. 
 Hndbk. Med. Sc, 1886, Vol. IV., p. 572; "New 
 Growths in the Kidney," idem, Vol. IV., p. 292; 
 "Symptomatology and Treatment of Tuberculosis," 
 idem, Vol. VII., p. 314; "History of the Outbreak of 
 Epidemic Cholera in New-York," Amer. Jour. Med. 
 Sc, 1893; and various articles in medical journals. 
 Brother of Chauncey P. Biggs (1889, II) and cousin of 
 George P. Biggs (1891, I). 
 
 General Medicine, Renal and Urinary Diseases: 5 
 West 58th street, New-York City. 
 
 BiRCKHEAD, William Hunter, 
 
 1st Medical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1861 ; A. M., 1864; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1864; at clinics in Vienna and Paris, 1871-72 ; In- 
 terne, N. Y. State Woman's Hospital, 1866-68; Visit- 
 ing Physician, Children's Hospital, Newport, R. I. , 1 868 ; 
 Visiting Physician and Surgeon, Newport General 
 Hospital, 1869-79. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women : New- 
 port, R. I. 
 
 Bird, James R., 2d Medical Division, 1859, I. 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1854; A. M., 1857; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1858; Attending Physician,
 
 i6o A 71 Account of BcUcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of Head and Abdomen, 
 1859-62; Atlantic Avenue Dispensary, Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 Diseases of Women and Children, 1865-68 ; \'isiting 
 Physician, St. John's Hospital, 1874-86, Consulting 
 Physician since 1886. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital. Little Neck, Portchester, Peekskill, and Brook- 
 lyn, N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine: 122 Putnam Avenue, Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Bird, John Stirling, ... 3d Medical Division, 1865, I- 
 
 At Wilbraham (Mass.) Academy, 1858; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1863; Health Officer, Hyde Park, N. Y. , since 
 1881. Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Hyde Park, N. Y. 
 
 Blodget, Henry, ist Medical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1875; M. D., Bellevue, 1880; at Gen- 
 eral Hospital, Vienna, 1882-83; Resident Physician, 
 New-York Foundling Asylum, 1883-84; Pathologist, 
 Bridgeport Hospital, since 1887. Residence since leav- 
 ing the hospital, New-York City, and Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
 General Medicine: 313 State street, Bridgeport, 
 Conn. 
 
 Bluxome, Joseph, .... ist Medical Division, 1857, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1856; at 
 medical schools and hospitals in Vienna, Berlin, and 
 Paris, 1858-62 ; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispen- 
 sary, New-York City, Diseases of the Skin, 1865-66; 
 Visiting Physician, St. Luke's Hospital, San Francisco, 
 Cal., since 1871. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 New-York City, and San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 General Medicine: 217 Powell street, San Francisco, 
 Cal. 
 
 Bogert, Edward Strong, . 3d Surgical Division, 1861, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, i860; 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., at Naval Hospital, New- 
 York, U. S. S. Congress, and U. S. S. Cayuga, 1861- 
 1864; Passed Assistant Surgeon on U. S. S. Niagara, 
 and at Naval Hospital, New-York, 1864-66; Surgeon, 
 1866-82; Medical Inspector, 1882-89; Medical Director,
 
 Internes. i6i 
 
 President Naval Medical Examining Board, since 1889. 
 In charge of U, S. Naval Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Medical Director, U. S. N. : U. S. Naval Hospital, 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 BOSWORTH, FrANCKE HUNTINGTON, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1869, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1862; A. M., 1865; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1868 ; Instructor in Laryngoscopy, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, 1876-78; Lecturer on Diseases of the 
 Throat, 1878-82; Professor since 1882. Author of " A 
 Manual of Diseases of the Throat and Nose," Wm. 
 Wood & Co., 1881 ; "A Treatise on the Diseases of 
 the Nose and Throat," Vol. I., " The Nose and Naso- 
 pharynx," Vol. II., "Diseases of the Throat," Wm. 
 Wood & Co., 18S9 (Vol. 111. in press); and various 
 articles in medical journals. 
 
 Diseases of the Nose and Throat : 26 West 46th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Bradford,* Theodore Dwight, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1867, I. 
 
 A. B., Bowdoin, 1861 ; M. D., Columbia, 1865 ; Dem- 
 onstrator of Anatomy ; Lecturer on Diseases of Chil- 
 dren and Clinical Instructor, City and Hahnemann Hos- 
 pitals, New-York City ; in practice in New-York City, 
 1867-83. Born in Auburn, Me., September i, 1838; died 
 in New-York City, May 1 1 , 1 883 ; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 Braisted, William C, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1888, I. 
 
 Ph. B., University of Michigan, 1883 ; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1886; Assistant Physician, Jenk's Private Hospital 
 for Women, Detroit, Mich., 1888-90; Acting Attend- 
 ing Physician, House of Good Shepherd, 1889; Assis- 
 tant Physician, Harper Hospital Polyclinic, 1889-90; 
 Visiting Physician and Medical Director, Woman's 
 Hospital, 1890; Ensign and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 N., since 1890. Author of "Operation of Wiring the 
 Patella," Amer. Lane, 1889; " Radical Cure of Femoral 
 andlnguinalHernise," idem, 1889. Residence since leav- 
 ing the hospital, Detroit, Mich., 1888-90; U. S. Navy, 
 since 1890. 
 
 Ensign and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N. : care Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, Washington, D. C.
 
 1 62 An Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 Bremner, Samuel K., . . . 4th Medical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1886; M. D., Harvard, 1889. 
 Address : Boxford, Mass. 
 
 Brill, Natilvn I'2d\\I\, . . .2d Medical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1877 ; A. ^L, 
 1883; M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1880; 
 Lecturer on Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology of the 
 Nervous System, Post-graduate Medical School, 1 882-84 ; 
 Associate Editor, " American Journal of Neurology and 
 Psychiatry," 1882-84; Founder and Secretary, Society of 
 Medical Jurisprudence and State Medicine, 1882-86; 
 Trustee, 1887-91 ; Vice-President, 1891. Author of 
 " Lesion of the Cuneus Accompanied by Color-blind- 
 ness," 1882; "An Argument Against the Hangman's 
 Bungling," 1884; "An Exceptional Feature of Tabes 
 Dorsalis," 1887; " Spinal Concussion," 1887; " Lyssa 
 and the Pasteur Fiasco." 1887 ; " Note on the Medulla 
 Oblongata," 1889 ; " The True Homology of the Mesal 
 Wall of the Hemispheric Vesical in the Sauropsida," 
 1890; " A Case of Pseudo-hypertrophic Paralysis Com- 
 plicated by a Fracture of the Lamina of the 5th Cervical 
 Vertebra," 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Nervous System : 
 805 Lexington Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Brockwav, Asahel Norton, 2d Medical Division, 1862, II. 
 
 A. B., Hamilton College, 1857; A. M., i860; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 DeCamp General Hospital. David's Island, N. Y., 
 1862-64; Trustee, Hamilton College, since 1885. 
 
 General Medicine: 50 East I26lh street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Brodie, Robert Little, . . . Medical Division, 1852, II. 
 
 A. B., College of Charleston, 1848; M. D., Medical 
 College of the State of South Carolina, 1851 ; Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., 1854-61 ; Medical Director, C. S. 
 A., 1861-65. Residence since leaving the hospital. 
 Mobile, Ala., and Charleston, S. C. 
 
 General Medicine: 29 Coming street, Charleston, 
 S. C.
 
 Internes. 163 
 
 Bronson, Edward Bennet, . 2d Surgical Division, 1869, 11. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1865; M. D., Columbia, 1869; studied 
 at Berlin, Dresden, Prague, Vienna, Paris, and London ; 
 Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 1869-72; Northern Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of the Skin, 1872-74; New-York 
 Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin and Genito-urinary 
 Organs, 1872-82; New- York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 
 1874-75; Visiting Physician, House of Mercy, 1875-76; 
 City (late Charity) Hospital since 1886; Clinical Pro- 
 fessor of Diseases of the Skin, Woman's Medical College 
 of the New-York Infirmary, 1882-85; Professor of Dis- 
 eases of the Skin, New-York Polyclinic, since 1883; 
 Consulting Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Skin, since 1887; Babies' Hospital since 
 1889; St. Bartholomew's Dispensary since 1889; one 
 of the translators of Ziemmssen's "Encyclopaedia"; 
 collaborator on Forster's " Encyclopcedic Medical Dic- 
 tionary," D. A. & Co., 1888. Author of various articles 
 in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Skin : 123 West 
 34th street, New-York City. 
 
 Brooke, John M., 4th Surgical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 M. D., University of Virginia, 1888; studying in 
 Europe, 1891-92. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Portland, Ore. 
 
 Brooks, Leroy J., . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1874,1. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1872; President, Chenango County 
 (N. Y.) Medical Society, 1880-81 ; Secretary, 3d Dis- 
 trict New-York State Medical Association, 1887-88. 
 
 General Medicine : Norwich, N. Y. 
 
 Brothers, Abram, . . ist Medical Division, 1885, I. & II. 
 
 B. S., College of the City of New-York, 1881 ; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1884; Assistant to the Chair of Diseases of 
 Children, Columbia, 1885-88; Attending Physician, 
 Eastern Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1886; Belle- 
 vue Hospital Dispensary since 1886. Author of " The 
 Treatment of Extra-uterine Pregnancy by Electricity," 
 Amer. Jour. Obstet., May, 1888; " A Case of Poison-
 
 164 A)i .ice on lit of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 ing by Camphor," N. Y. Med. Rec, 1887 ; and various 
 articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine: 162 Madison street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Brownell,* Russell Botsforu, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1865, I. 
 
 A. B., Marietta College, 1861 ; M. D., Bellevue,i864 ; 
 Principal, Marietta (O.) Academy, 1861-62; Acting 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at the siege of Vicks- 
 burg, 1863; Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1865; Sur- 
 geon, steamer Arago. New- York City to Havre, 1866 ; 
 traveling in Egypt, 1866-67. Author of " The Treat- 
 ment of Fistula in Ano by Compressed Sponge," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, 1866. Born ip Woodbury, Conn., Decem- 
 ber 5, 1839; died suddenly on the River Nile, January 
 21, 1867; cause, pulmonary hemorrhage. 
 
 Brugman, Albert Ferdlxand, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 G. P., New-York College of Pharmacy, 1879; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1883 ; Clinical Assistant, Vanderbilt Clinic, 
 Diseases of Children, since 1883; Attending Surgeon, 
 Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 1884, Harlem Hospital 
 Dispensary, 1885 ; Visiting Physician, St. Joseph's Hos- 
 pital, 1889-92. 
 
 General Medicine: 588 East 141st street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Bryan, Joseph, ist Surgical Division, 1875, I. 
 
 At University of Kentucky, 1867-70; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1873. Author of " The Plaster of Paris Jacket for 
 Pott's Disease of the Spine." 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 1 1 5 East Main street, 
 Lexington, Ky. 
 
 Bryan,* Robert Thomas, . ist Medical Division, 1853, I. 
 
 A. B., Bethany College, Va., 1844; ^L D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1848. Residence after 
 leaving the hospital, in Paris, Ky., and Lexington, and 
 Georgetown, Ky. Born February 23, 1823; died in 
 Georgetown, Ky., November 13, 1890; cause, gastric 
 carcinoma.
 
 Internes. 165 
 
 Bryant, Joseph Decatur, ist Surgical Division, 1871, I. 
 
 Attended Norwich (N. Y.) Academy, and select and 
 district schools, Plymouth, N. Y. ; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1868; Sanitary Inspector, New-York City Health De- 
 partment, 1873-79; Commissioner since 1887; Com- 
 missioner, New- York State Board of Health, since 1887; 
 Surgeon, 71st Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1873-82; 
 Surgeon-General, N. G. S. N. Y., since 1882 ; Assistant 
 to the Chair of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College, 1871 ; Lecturer on Surgical Anatomy, suminer 
 course, 1871-74; Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, 
 1875-77; Lecturer on General, Descriptive and Surgi- 
 cal Anatomy, 1877-78; Professor since 1878; Profes- 
 sor of Clinical Surgery, and Associate Professor of 
 Orthopaedic Surgery, since 1883; Visiting Physician, 
 Charity Hospital, 1881-82; Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital, since 1882, St. Vincent's Hospital since 
 1887; Consulting Surgeon, New-York City Insane Asy- 
 lum, since 1882, Northwestern Dispensary since 1885, 
 Hackensack (N. J.) Hospital since 1888, Gouverneur 
 Hospital since 1889. Author of " The Treatment of 
 Fracture of the Thigh with Plaster of Paris Bandages," 
 1871 ; "The Treatment of Compound Fracture of the 
 Leg with Plaster of Paris Splint," 1878; "Periosteal 
 Flap in Amputation of the Leg," 1880; "Stricture of 
 the Urethra," Archiv. Med., 1882; "The Treatment 
 of Gun-shot Wounds of the Cranium," 1887 ; " Simul- 
 taneous Ligature of the External Carotids," 1888; "Ma- 
 lignant Neoplasmata," 1888; "Hernia," 1889; "A 
 Manual of Operative Surgery," D. A. & Co., 1887. 
 
 General Surgery : 54 West 36th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 BuiST, John Robinson, . . ist Medical Division, 1858, I. 
 
 A. B., South Carolina College, 1854; M, D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1857; M. R. M. S. 
 (Edin.); at Hotel Dieu, Charite, and Pitie Hospitals, 
 Paris, and University of Edinburgh, 1858-59; Surgeon, 
 C. S. A., 1861-65; Member Nashville (Tenn.) Board 
 of Health, 1875-80; President, 1878. Author of 
 various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women: 115 
 North Spruce street, Nashville, Tenn,
 
 1 66 A 71 AccoiDit of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Bull, Charles George, . 4th Surgical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1879; M. D., Bellevue, 1881 ; 
 Prosector to the Chair of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, 1881-84. Residence since leaving the 
 Hospital, New-York City, Plainfield, N. J., and Ala- 
 meda, Cal. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Alameda, Cal. 
 
 Bull, Charles Stedman, . ist Medical Division, 1868, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1864; A. M., 1867; M. D., 1868; 
 at Universities of Vienna, 1868-69, Heidelberg, 1869, 
 Berlin, 1869-70; Pathologist, Presbyterian Hospital, 
 1872-73; Assistant Surgeon, Manhattan Eye and P2ar 
 Hospital, 1871-73, New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 
 1871-76; Surgeon since 1876; Visiting Ophthalmol- 
 ogist, Charity Hospital, 1876-81 ; Consulting Ophthal- 
 mologist, Nursery and Child's Hospital, since 1881, St. 
 Mary's Free Hospital for Children since 1880, St. 
 Luke's Hospital since 1888; Lecturer on Ophthalmol- 
 ogy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, spring term, 
 1880-90; Professor of Ophthalmology, University of 
 the City of New-York, since 1890. One of the transla- 
 tors of " Stellwag on Diseases of the Eye," 4th Amer. 
 ed., 1873 ; Editor of J. Soelberg Wells's " Treatise on 
 Diseases of the Eyes," 3d ed. 1880, 4th ed. 1883; and 
 various articles in medical journals. 
 
 Diseases of the Eye and Ear: 47 West 36th street, 
 New- York City. 
 
 Bull, William Tillinghast, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1873, I. & II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1869; A. M., 1872; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1872; Attending and House Physician, New- 
 York Dispensary, 1876-78; Attending Physician, North- 
 ern Dispensary, Diseases of Heart and Lungs, 1876; 
 Visiting Surgeon, Chambers Street Hospital, 1876- 
 1888, St. Luke's Hospital, 1880-83; Consulting Sur- 
 geon since 1883; Visiting Surgeon, New-York Hospi- 
 tal, since 1883; Consulting Surgeon, Manhattan Hos- 
 pital, since 1880, Hospital for the Ruptured and Crip- 
 pled since 1881, New-York State Emigrants' Hospi- 
 tal, 1884-90; Trustee, New-York Dispensary, 1885; 
 Manager, New-York Skin and Cancer Hospital, 1885;
 
 I7ite7'iies. 167 
 
 Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Columbia, 1879; 
 Demonstrator, 1879-80; Adjunct Professor of the Prac- 
 tice of Surgery, 1887-89 ; Professor since 1889. Author 
 of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Surgery: 35 West 35th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 BuRCHARD, Thomas Herring, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1873, II. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1869; A. 
 M., 1872; M. D., Bellevue, 1872; Assistant to the 
 Chair of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
 1873-75 ; Lecturer on Surgical Emergencies, spring 
 term ; Visiting Surgeon, City (late Charity) Hospital. 
 
 General Medicine : 7 East 48th street, New-York 
 City 
 
 BURFORD,* J. H., 2d Medical Division, 1853, I. 
 
 M. D. ; in practice in Harrodsburgh, Ky., 1853. Born 
 in Harrodsburgh, Ky., and reported to have died there a 
 few years after leaving the hospital ; cause, dysentery. 
 
 Burgess, Daniel Maynard, 3d Medical Division, 1853, II. 
 
 Attended Clinton (N. Y.) Liberal Institute; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1852; interne, 
 Kings County (N. Y.) Hospital, 1852-53; later, at- 
 tended clinics in Paris ; United States Sanitary Inspec- 
 tor, National Board of Health, Havana, Cuba, 1879-83 ; 
 United States Marine Hospital Service since 1883 ; Vis- 
 iting Physician to several hospitals in Havana since 
 1870. Author of "Practical Experiences in Regard to 
 the Infection of Vessels with Yellow Fever at Havana, 
 Cuba," Amer. Pub. Health Assoc, Savannah, Ga., 
 Nov. 28 and Dec. 31, '81 ; "The Sanitary Inspection 
 Service at Havana, Island of Cuba," Proceed. Quar. 
 Confer., Montgomery, Ala., Mch. 5, 6, and 7, '89. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 and Havana, Cuba. 
 
 Sanitary Inspector, U. S. M. H. S., and General 
 Medicine: Havana, Cuba; home address, Herkimer, 
 N. Y.
 
 l68 Aji Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Burke, Martin, 3d Surgical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 Attended College of St. Francis Xavier, 1869-73; M. 
 D., Bcllcvuc, 1876; Assistant Surgeon, New-York Eye 
 and Ear Infirmary, 1877-80. 
 
 General Medicine: 147 Lexington Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Burnet, James Brown, . . ist Medical Division, 1868, I. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1863; A. 
 M., 1866; M. D., 1866; Visiting Physician, St. Barna- 
 bas' Hospital, Newark, N. J., 1870-78; Children's Aid 
 Society, 1868-75; Medical Examiner to several life 
 insurance companies since 1868. Author of "In- 
 structions to Medical Examiners in Life Insurance," 
 and various articles in medical journals. 
 
 Diseases of the Nose, Throat, and Lungs: 16 Chest- 
 nut street, Newark, N. J. 
 
 BuRNETTE, Edward Worthixgtox, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1872, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1869; Assistant Physician, Small- 
 pox and Fever (afterward Riverside) Hospital, New- 
 York City, 1S72; New-York City Lunatic Asylum, 
 1873-74; Visiting Physician, New- York Dispensary, 
 and Attending Physician, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 
 
 1874-85. 
 
 General Medicine: 56 West 35th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 BuRRALL, Frederick Augustus, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1858, 1. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1850; A. M., 1853; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1857 ; Attending Surgeon, 
 Northern Dispensary, 1857-71 ; Acting Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A. ; Visiting Physician, Charity Hospital, 
 1866; Visiting Surgeon, 1867; Visiting Physician, 
 Presbyterian Hospital, 1875-85; Home for Respectable 
 Aged and Indigent Females, 1874; New-York Infant 
 Asylum, 1875 ; Consulting Physician, Presbyterian 
 Home for Old Ladies, since 1878. Author of a mono- 
 graph on "Cholera," Wm. Wood & Co., 1866; a 
 monograph on "Nitrite of Amyl as an Antidote to 
 Chloroform," 1876; "Insanity and Juries," 1873;
 
 Ill terms. 169 
 
 "Modern Dwelling-houses as Maternities," 1884; 
 "Concerning Ethics," 1884; "Dry Cups in Diagnosis 
 and Therapeutics," 1889; and various articles in medi- 
 cal journals. 
 
 General Medicine: 48 West 17th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Campbell,* John James, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1858, I. 
 
 Attended College of St. Francis Xavier ; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1856; Surgeon, ship 
 Manhaiimi, later; Surgeon, 28th Regiment, New- 
 York Volunteers, 1861 ; in practice in Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 1862-65. Died suddenly in Brooklyn, N. Y., May 7, 
 1865, aged 29 years; cause, cardiac disease. 
 
 Canfield, Herman, .... 4th Medical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 A. B., Racine College, 1874; A. M., 1877; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1876; Founder 
 and Physician-in-charge of "Hopeworth," private hos- 
 pital for chronic diseases, Bristol, R. I., since 1882. 
 Author of "Some Health Resorts of the South," Dec, 
 1886; in general practice, Bristol, R. 1., 1878-83; in 
 charge of " Hopeworth " since 1883. 
 
 Chronic Nervous Diseases: Bristol, R. 1. 
 
 Carleton, George William, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1862, II, 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1858; M. D., Columbia, 1861. 
 General Medicine : 25 Anne street, Lowell, Mass. 
 
 Carlisle, Robert James, . 3d Medical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1884; Assistant to the Chair of Ma- 
 teria Medica and Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine, 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1886-92; Chair of 
 Practice of Medicine since 1892; Attending Physician, 
 Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1889-92 ; Vis- 
 iting Physician, Workhouse and Almshouse Hospitals, 
 1889-93; Gouverneur Hospital since 1892. 
 
 General Medicine: 55 West 45th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 CARTER,t Charles, 1862, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1861; Assistant Surgeon, U, S. N., 1861-63; Acting
 
 170 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1863-65; Surgeon Army 
 Hospital, Turner's Lane, Philadelphia, Pcnn., 1863; 
 Physician-in-chief, Northern Dispensary, Philadelphia, 
 1867-79; Instructor in Physical Diagnosis, etc., at 
 latter and at School of Anatomy. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, Binghamton, N. Y., 1863; Phila- 
 delphia, Penn., 1863-79; Wallingford, Penn., 1879-83; 
 Sacaton, Ariz., 1883-85; Asheville, N. C, 1887-88; 
 and Blowing Rock, Watauga Co., N. C, since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Chest : Blowing 
 Rock, N. C. 
 
 C.\RT\VRIGHT, Silas S., . 3d Medical Division, 1854, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1853; 
 First Assistant Surgeon, 134th Regiment, New-York 
 Volunteers, 1862; Member of the Assembly, New-York 
 State Legislature, 1884-85 ; Chairman of the Commit- 
 tee on Public Health of the Assembly, 1884 and 1885. 
 Author of" Puerperal Convulsions," Trans. Med. Soc. 
 State of N. Y. ; " Apoplexy," idem ; and various articles 
 in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine: Roxbury, N. Y. 
 
 Chadwick, Payson M., . . 3d Medical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 At Cornell, 1870-71 ; M. D., University of Vermont, 
 1875 ; University of the City of New-York, 1876. 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Omaha, Neb. 
 
 Chamberlain, t George W., 
 
 2d Medical Division, iSj^, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. At Falley Sem- 
 inary, Fulton, N. Y., 1865-69; Cazenovia (N. Y.) Sem- 
 inary, 1870; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1873; Clinical Assistant, Manhattan Eye and Ear 
 Hospital, Diseases of the Nose and Throat, 1882 ; Assis- 
 tant Surgeon since 1882. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital. White Plains, N. Y., and New-York City. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Throat: 439 
 Lexington Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Chandler,* Thomas Knowlton, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1863, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1862; Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. N., 1863-66; Acting Passed Assistant Surgeon,
 
 Internes. 171 
 
 1866-67; on S. S. Princess Royal, S. S. (Hefzelf), 
 at the Navy Yard, Washington, D. C, and on S. S. 
 Petwbscot. Born in Charlotte, N. Y., August, 1837; 
 died on board U. S. S. Penobscot while at Charlotta 
 Amelia, Island of St. Thomas, February 5, 1867 ; cause, 
 yellow fever, contracted while in the discharge of his 
 duty among the crew. 
 
 Cpiandler, William Jessup, 2d Medical Division, 1869, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; M. D., Columbia, 1868; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, St. Michael's Hospital, Newark, N. J., 
 Department of the Eye and Ear, 1871-73; Visiting 
 Surgeon, Memorial Hospital, Orange, N. J., since 1872 ; 
 St. Barnabas' Hospital, Newark, N. J., since 1880; 
 President, Essex District Medical Society, 1884 ; Orange 
 Mountain Medical Society, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: South Orange, N. J. 
 
 Chapin, Charles V., . . 3d Medical Division, 1880, I. & II. 
 
 A. B., Brown, 1876; M. D., Bellevue, 1879; Pro- 
 fessor of Physiology, Brown University, since 1886; 
 Superintendent of Health, Providence, R. I., since 
 1884; City Register since 1889. Author of "The 
 Sympathetic Nerve — Its Relations to Disease," 1880; 
 "The Origin and Progress of the Malarial Fever now 
 Prevalent in New England," 1884 ; " The Present State 
 of the Germ Theory of Disease," 1885; " The Methods 
 and Practical Results of the Treatment of the Malarial 
 Diseases now Prevalent in New England," 1886; "What 
 Changes Has the Germ Theory Made in the Means for 
 the Prevention and Treatment of Consumption? " 1888; 
 "The Role of Ptomaines in Infectious Diseases," 1889. 
 
 Superintendent of Health: City Hall, Providence, 
 R. I. 
 
 Chapin, Frederick W., ... 3d Medical Division, 1875, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1870; M. D., Columbia, 1873; 
 Clinical Assistant, Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 
 1875; Visiting Surgeon, Springfield (Mass.) City Hos- 
 pital, since 1879; Medical Director, Massachusetts 
 Mutual Life Insurance Company, since 1885 ; Examin- 
 ing Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, since 1879. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 20 Maple street, 
 Springfield, Mass.
 
 172 An Account of Bel lev uc Hospital. 
 
 Chapin, Walter Henry. . 4tli Medical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1880; M. D., Columbia, 1883. 
 General Medicine : 675 State street, Springfield, 
 Mass. 
 
 CiiAi'MAN, Clarence Rogers, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 M. D,, University of Vermont, 1887; University of 
 the City of New- York, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Medina, N. Y. 
 
 Charlton, Thomas J., . . 3d Medical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 A. B., Virginia Military Institute, 1882; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1885; Visiting Physician, Savannah (Ga. ), 
 Hospital, since 1887; Savannah Female Orphan Asy- 
 lum since 1887. 
 
 General Medicine : Savannah, Ga. 
 
 Chase. William Earle, . ist Surgical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 At Stevens Institute, 1883-84; University of the City 
 of New-York, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Nutley, N. J. 
 
 Cheesman, Timothy Matlack, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1874; A. M., 1877; M. D., 1878; 
 Assistant in Bacteriology, Columbia. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 46 East 29th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Cheesman, Willia.m Sanderson, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1880, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1875; A. M., 1878; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1879. Author of " Physical Exercise," Wood's 
 Ref. Hndbk. Med. Sc, Vol. 11., p. 757; " Expectora- 
 tion," /V/t*;;/, p. 768; "Hallucinations and Illusions," 
 idem, Vol. HI., p. 481 ; and various articles in medical 
 journals. Residence since leaving the hospital, Cold 
 Spring, N. Y., 1880-82, and Auburn, N. Y., since 1882. 
 
 General Medicine : 22 William street, Auburn, N, Y.
 
 Internes. i ']2^ 
 
 Chetwood, Charles Howard, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 At Princeton, 1883; M. D., Bellevue, 1887 ; Phy- 
 sician and Surgeon, City Prisons, New-York, since 
 1889; Assistant Attending Surgeon, Demilt Dispen- 
 sary, 1889-90 ; Attending Surgeon since 1890. Author 
 of " The Toxic Effects of Cocaine Hydrochlorate, with 
 Report of a Case," N. Y. Med. Rec, Aug. 10, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 120 East 34th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Chunn,* James T., . . . . ist Medical Division, 1853, II. 
 
 M. D., University of Maryland, 1851; studying in 
 Europe, 1851-53; in practice in Baltimore, Md., 
 1853-67. Died in Baltimore, Md., January, 1867; 
 cause, typhus fever, contracted from a patient. 
 
 Clark, Joseph Carpenter, ist Surgical Division, 1887, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1885 ; 
 Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 1887-89; Instructor in Surgery, University of the City 
 of New-York, 1887-89; Surgeon-in-charge, Olean (N. 
 Y.) Hospital, since 1889. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, New- York City, 1887-89, and Olean, N. Y., 
 since 1889. 
 
 General Surgery: Olean, N. Y. 
 
 Clark, t Stephen J., . . .ist Surgical Division, 1862, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. At College of St. 
 Francis Xavier, 1853-58; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1861 ; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., 
 1861-65; Attending Physician, Northern Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Heart and Lungs, 1870; Curator and Pa- 
 thologist, New-York Medico-legal Society, 1870-71 ; 
 Surgeon, New-York City Police Department, 1873-74; 
 Examining Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, 1888-89. 
 
 General Medicine : 21 West nth street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Cleaveland, Trumbull Willl\ms, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1884; 
 House Physician, St. Peter's Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y.,
 
 1/4 ^'^ A ceo mi t of Bellevjie Hospital. 
 
 1883-84; Attendinjj Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of Women, since 1886; University 
 Dispensary since 1886; Northwestern Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Head and Abdomen, 1887-89; Diseases of 
 Children since 1889; Instructor in Diseases of Women, 
 University of the City of New-York, since 1887. 
 
 General Medicine : 242 West 43d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Clements,* Nelson, .... 4th Surgical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1879; 
 Surgeon. Pacific Mail Steamship Company, New-York 
 City to Panama, 1880; in practice in New-York City, 
 1880. liorn, June 17, 1856; died in New-York City, 
 December 13, 1880; cause, chronic nephritis. 
 
 Cleveland, William Knapp, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1861, II. 
 
 At Genesee Wesleyan College, Lima, N. Y., 1848- 
 1850; M. D., University of the City of New-York, i860; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1861-65; at 
 David's Island, 1861-62; Fort Schuyler, 1862-63; 
 Elmira, N. Y., 1863-64; and Camp Parole, Md., 
 1864-65 ; Pathologist and Consulting Surgeon, Camp 
 Parole Hospital, Annapolis, Md., 1865. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital. East Saginaw, Mich., 1862; 
 Leavenworth, Kan., 1865-68; Brantford, Ont., 1868-69. 
 and Erie, Penn., since 1869. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Erie, Penn. 
 
 CoAKLEY, Cornelius Godfrey, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1884; A. 
 M., 1887 ; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1887 ; Lecturer on Histology and Anatomy, University 
 of the City of New-York, since 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 126 East 45th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 COAN,t Titus Munson, . . . ?</ Surgical Division^ i86j, /. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. A. B., Williams, 
 1859; M. D., Columbia, 1861 ; Acting Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A., at Central Park and David's Island
 
 Internes 175 
 
 Hospitals, 1863; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., 
 1863-65; Attending Physician, Northeastern Dispen- 
 sary, 1870-73 ; Northwestern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 the Eye, 1873-76. Author of " Ounces of Prevention," 
 1885 ; " The Mineral Springs of Eastern France," 1886; 
 '•'Therapeutics of Mineral Waters," 1886, etc. 
 
 Climatology and Mineral Waters: 20 West 14th 
 street. Residence, 67 East 54th street, New-York City. 
 
 Cobb,* Reuben, 2d Medical Division, 1857, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1856; 
 in practice in Tarboro, N. C, 1861-72. Born in Pitt 
 County, Md., January 21, 1833; died in Tarboro, N. 
 C, February 13, 1872; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Cochran,* John Joseph, . . 3d Medical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1875 '■> i^^ practice, Milford, Mass., 
 1877-78; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1878-80; 
 First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, 1880-85 ; Cap- 
 tain and Assistant Surgeon, 1885-91. Residence after 
 leaving the hospital. New- York City, Milford, Mass., 
 and U. S. Army. Born in Cambridge, Mass., 1853; 
 died in New-York City, August 5, 1891 ; cause, typhoid 
 fever. 
 
 Coles,* Walter, "^ .... 2d Surgical Dk<ision, 1861, II. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. At Hampden Sid- 
 ney College, Va., 1855-57; University of Virginia, 
 1857-58; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 i860; Surgeon, C. S. A., 1861-65; President, Wood 
 County (W. Va. ) Medical Society, 1870; Professor, 
 Diseases of Women and Children, Medical College 
 of Virginia, 1868; Consulting Physician, St. Ann's 
 Lying-in Asylum, St. Louis, Mo., 1882; St. Louis 
 Female Hospital, 1886-92; President, St. Louis Obstet- 
 rical and Gynaecological Society, 1886-88; Professor 
 Obstetrics, Beaumont Hospital Medical College, St. 
 Louis, 1886-92. Author of " Progressive Locomotor 
 Ataxia," 1868; " Aneesthetics," 1870; "Embolism in 
 Its Relation to Disease," 1871 ; "The Power of In- 
 finitesimals," 1871 ; "Spasmodic Dysmenorrhoea," 
 1872; "Remarks on Alcohol," 1873; "Abortion: 
 Its Causes and Treatment," 1874; "Remarks on 
 Digitalis," 1876; "Hepatic Abscess," 1878; " Vi-
 
 1/6 Afi Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 carious Menstruation," 1879; '' Intra-utcrine Am- 
 putations," 1880; " Post-partuin Atrophy of the 
 Uterus," 1882; "The Nurse and Mother," 1883; 
 "Post-partum Hemorrhage," 1884; "Induction of 
 Premature Labor," 1885; "Excision of the Rectum," 
 1885 ; "The Legitimate Scope of Gynaecology," 1887. 
 Residence after leaving the hospital, Parkersburg, W. 
 Va., 1865-71, and St. Louis, Mo., 1871-92. Died in 
 St. Louis, Mo., 1892. 
 
 CoNANT, George Seymour, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1879, 11. 
 
 M. I)., Bcllcvue, 1877; Inspector of Contagious Dis- 
 eases, New-York City Health Department, 1880-88 ; 
 Visiting Physician, Workhouse and Almshouse Hospi- 
 tals, since 1883, New-York Infant Asylum, 1883-85 ; 
 Attending Physician, Eastern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Children, 1880-83; Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Children, 1884-85 ; Diseases of the Heart and 
 Lungs, 1885-86. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women : 148 East 
 i8th street, New-York City. 
 
 CONDICT, Isaiah W., Medical Division, 18^0, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1847. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Succasunna Plains, 
 N. J., and Dover, N. J. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Dover, N. J. 
 
 Connelly, Frank J., . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 At St. Vincent's College, 1888; M, D., Bellevue, 1892. 
 Address: 14 Park street, Newark, N. J. 
 
 Constable, Herbert Lee, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1889. 
 General Medicine: 125 West 34th street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 CoNWAY, John R 4th Surgical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1883; Instructor, Clinical and Op- 
 erative Surgery, New-York Post-graduate School, 1885- 
 1887; Attendmg Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispen-
 
 Internes. 177 
 
 sary, 1887-89; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital, since 1889. Author of various articles in 
 medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 130 Lexington 
 Avenue, New- York City. 
 
 Cook,* Henry White, . . . 2d Medical Division, i86j, II. 
 
 Died while Senior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1862; at Williston Seminary interruptedly, 1853-56; 
 studying medicine under Dr. James Dunlap, North- 
 ampton, Mass., 1859; at Berkshire, 1859-60; under Dr. 
 Willard Parker, New-York City, 1860-62 ; received the 
 Harzen prize for the best clinical report from the wards 
 of the New- York Hospital. Author of "The Diarrhoea 
 of Soldiers as It Appeared at Bellevue Hospital," 1863. 
 Born in West Hampton, Mass., October 1 1, 1836 ; died 
 in Bellevue Hospital, March 17, 1863; cause, uraemia 
 coma which developed during convalescence from 
 typhus fever. 
 
 Cooke, Almon Havens, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 At College of City of New-York; M. D., University 
 of City of New-York, 1892. 
 
 Address: 148 East i8th street, New- York City. 
 
 Coombs, George Holden, . ist Stirgical Division, 1888, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1886. 
 General Medicine : Brunswick, Me. 
 
 Cooper, Oswald Othniel, . 3d Medical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 A. B., National Normal University, Lebanon, O., 
 1887; M. D., Bellevue, 1890. 
 Address : Hinton, W. Va. 
 
 CORRIGAN, Joseph Felix, . . ist Medical Division, 1873, I. 
 
 A. B., Mount St. Mary's College, Md., 1865 ; A. M., 
 1867; Ph.D., 1883; M. D., Columbia, 1871. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Newark, N. J., New-York 
 City, San Antonio, and Saint Leo, Fla. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Saint Leo, Fla. 
 
 CORTELYOU, Peter Rouse, . 3d Surgical Division, 1868, I, 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; A. M., 1867; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1867; Visiting Physician, Brooklyn (N. Y.) Orphan
 
 178 Aji Account of Bclkvuc Hospital. 
 
 Asylum 1873-76; Lecturer on Physiology and Hygiene, 
 Marietta (Ga.) Male Academy, since 1886, Harwood 
 Female Seminary since 18S6. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1868-76, and Marietta, 
 Ga., since 1879. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Lungs and 
 Throat: ALarietta, Ga. 
 
 CORWix, Fred Miller, . 3d Medical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 INL D., University of the City of New-York, 1881. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York City 
 and Bayonne City, N. J. 
 
 General Medicine : West Sixth street, Bayonne Citv, 
 N.J. 
 
 Cory, David Magie, ... 3d Surgical Division, 1867, 1. 
 
 At Yalc,i862; M. D., Columbia, 1866; Interne, In- 
 fants' Hospital, Randall's Island, New- York City, 1865- 
 1866; Visiting Surgeon, Charity Hospital, 1871-85; As- 
 sistant Attending Surgeon, Demilt Dispensary, 1870- 
 1876; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 1872; North- 
 western Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1876-79; 
 New-York Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1875-79; 
 Free Dispensary for Sick Children, 1871-79. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, Oyster Bay, N. Y., 
 1866-70, New- York City, 1870-85, and Rye, N. Y., 
 since 1885. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Rye, N. Y. 
 
 CovELL,* Charles Henry, . 3d Medical Division, 1861, II. 
 
 At Fort Edward (N. Y.) Institute, 1852-54; M. D., 
 Columbia, i860; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., 1861, on 
 S. S. Colorado. Born in Hartford, N. Y., January 19, 
 1837; died on board U. S. S. Colorado, off Fort Pick- 
 ens, Fla., August 8, 1861 ; cause, dysentery. 
 
 Craig,* Thompson Francis, 3d Medical Division, 1854, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1851 ; in 
 London and Paris, 1859; in practice in Danville, Ky., 
 1860-63. Born in Lincoln County, Ky., July 17, 1832 ; 
 died in Stanford, Ky., February 12, 1863; cause, 
 typhoid fever.
 
 Internes. 1 79 
 
 Crandall, Floyd Milford, 2d Medical Division, 1885, IL 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1884; 
 Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Children, 1886-88; Clinical Assistant, Dis- 
 eases of Children, University of the City of New-York, 
 1886-88; Lecturer, Diseases of Children, New-York 
 Polyclinic, since 1888; Attending Physician, North- 
 western Dispensary, Diseases of Children, since 1889; 
 Assistant Surgeon, New-York Skin and Cancer Hos- 
 pital, since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Children: 113 
 West 95th street, New-York City. 
 
 Crary, George Waldo, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1887, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1885; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, 1888-89; Assistant Attending 
 Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, since 1888; 
 Clinical Assistant in Physiological Chemistry, New- 
 York Post-Graduate School, 1888-90. 
 
 General Surgery: 152 West 57th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Crockett, Montgomery Adams, 
 
 4th Surgical Division, 1887, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1882; M. D., Bellevue, 1S85 ; at 
 University of Vienna, 1887-88; Rotunda Hospital, 
 Dublin, 1888; Attending Physician, Fitch Dispensary, 
 Buffalo, N. Y., Diseases of Women, since 1890; As- 
 sistant to the Chair of Obstetrics and Diseases of 
 Women, University of Buffalo, since 1890; Lecturer on 
 Diseases of Women, Spring Term, 1891 ; Assistant 
 Gynsecologist, Buffalo General Hospital, since 1890. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Washington, D. 
 C, and Buffalo, N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine : 482 Franklin street, Buffalo, N.Y. 
 
 Cross, Thaddeus Marshall Brooks, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1869, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1863; A. M., 1866; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1868; Attending Physician, Central Dispensary, 
 1869-70; Resident Physician, New-York State Hospital 
 for Diseases of the Nervous System, 1870-71; Attend- 
 ing Physician, and Clinical Lecturer on Diseases of the
 
 i8o A?i Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Mind and Nenous System, 1871-75; Assistant to the 
 Chair of Diseases of the Mind and Nervous System, 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1870-74; Lec- 
 turer on Electricity in its Medical Relations, Spring 
 Term, 1872; Assistant to the Chair of Diseases of 
 the Mind and Nervous System, University of the 
 City of New-York, 1875; Assistant Editor, "Pyscho- 
 logical and Medico-legal Journal," 1871-75 ; Councilor, 
 and one of the organizers, New-York Neurological 
 Society, 1874; one of the organizers of the American 
 Neurological Association. Author of "Amnesic and 
 Ataxic Aphasia, Agraphia and Temporary Right 
 Hemiplegia," Amer. Pract., April, 1872; "Remarks 
 on a Case of Reported Recovery from Glosso-Labio- 
 Laryngcal Paralysis," Jour. Psych. Med., Jan., 1872; 
 " The Condition of the Interior Ocular Circulation, as a 
 Guide to the Treatment of Epilepsy," Trans. Amer. 
 Ncur. Assoc, April, 1877; "Wm. A. Hammond's 
 Clinical Lectures on Diseases of the Nervous System, 
 Reported and Edited with Histories and Notes," D. A. 
 •S: Co., 1874; etc., etc. "Reviews of Books," Jour. 
 Psych. Med. and Medico-leg. Jour., 1870-75. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Nervous Sys- 
 tem : Sturtevant House, New-York City. 
 
 Cruse, Thomas K., . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1871, II. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New- York, 1868; A. 
 M., 1871 ; M. D., Bellevue, 1870; studying in London 
 and Paris, 1871 and 1878: Attending Surgeon, Belle- 
 vue Hospital Dispensary, 1871-73; Professor of Genito- 
 urinary Diseases, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 Chicago, 111., 1882; Medical Examiner, U. S. Pension 
 Bureau, Washington, D. C, 1886; Health Officer, 
 Town of Wappinger, N. Y., 1886. Author of "Rup- 
 ture of the Bladder, Dependent on Stricture of the Ure- 
 thra as a Primary Cause," Wood Alum. Prize Essay, 
 N. Y. Med. Rec, Aug., 1871 ; " (Edema of the Lungs," 
 N. Y. Med. Jour., June, 1871 ; "Injuries Which Hap- 
 pen to the Wrist-joint," Merritt H. Cash Prize Essay, 
 Trans. Med. Soc, State N. Y., 1874; and various 
 other articles in medical journals. Residence since leav- 
 ing the hospital, New-York City, 1871-72; Tarrytown, 
 N. Y., 1872-75; Leesburgh, Fla., 1878-79; Wappin- 
 ger's Falls, N. Y., 1879-86 ; Washington, D. C, 1886-
 
 /filer lies. 1 8 1 
 
 1887; Brooklyn, N. Y., 1887-88; and Wappinger's 
 Falls, N. Y., since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Wappinger's Falls, 
 N. Y. 
 
 CUDDEBACK, WiLLlAM L., . 1st Surgical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 At Cornell, 1872-74; M. D., Bellevue, 1876. 
 General Medicine: Port Jervis, N. Y. 
 
 Culver, Everett M., . . 4th Medical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1879; A. M., 1882; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1881 ; at Universities of Berlin and Vienna, 1882; 
 Heidelberg, 1883 ; Demonstrator of Anatomy, Post- 
 graduate Medical School, 1884-85 ; Assistant Attend- 
 ing Surgeon, New-York Hospital Dispensary, since 
 1884; Pathologist, Manhattan Hospital, since 1887. 
 
 General Medicine : 124 West 95th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 CUMMINGS, Samuel, ... 2d Medical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 M. D., University of Toronto, 1888; University of 
 the City of New-York, 1888; Assistant Attending Phy- 
 sician, Chambers Street Hospital Dispensary, New- York 
 City, 1890; attended clinics and hospitals in Europe, 
 1891. 
 
 Address: 256 East Main street, Hamilton, Ont. 
 
 Cunningham,* William Henry, 
 
 Surgical Division, 1850, III. 
 
 A. B., Centre College, Danville, Ky., 1847; A. M., 
 1850; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1849; 
 in practice in Winchester, Ky., 1851-58; in Clark 
 County, Ky., 185S-75 ; attended medical courses in 
 New-York City, 1865-66. Born in Bourbon County, 
 Ky., June 3, 1830; died in Clark County, Ky., Febru- 
 ary 2, 1875 ; cause, acute articular rheumatism, cardiac 
 complication. 
 
 Curtis, John Green, . . ist Surgical Division, 1870, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1866; A. M., 1869; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1870; Attending Physician, Northern Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Head and Abdomen, 1871-72; Attending 
 Surgeon, Trinity Dispensary, 1874-75; New-York Or-
 
 1 82 A 71 Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 thopicdic Dispensary and Hospital, 1876-77; Visiting 
 Surgeon, Hellevue Hospital, 1877-80; Assistant Dem- 
 onstrator of Anatomy, Columbia, 1870-71; Demon- 
 strator, 1871-75; Adjunct Lecturer on Physiology, 
 1875-76; Adjunct Professor, 1876-83; Professor since 
 1883: Secretary of the Faculty, 1876-90; in general 
 practice, 1870-83. 
 
 Professor of Physiology: 127 East 35th street, New- 
 York City. 
 
 CUSHING,:}: Ernest Watson, 2d Surgical Division, 18"] 2, II. 
 
 Left the hospital while Senior Assistant. A. B., Har- 
 vard, 1867; M. D., Columbia, 1871 ; at Rome, 1870; 
 Paris, 1870; University of Heidelberg, 1872; General 
 Hospital, Vienna, 1872-74'; Berlin, 1885; Vienna and 
 Paris, 1885 ; Attending Physician, Boston City Hospi- 
 tal Dispensary, Diseases of the Throat and Nose, 1876- 
 1883; Visiting Surgeon, Murdock Free Surgical Hos- 
 pital for Women, 1886-89; Woman's Charity Club 
 Hospital since 1890. Editor of "Annals of Gynaecology 
 and Pediatry." 
 
 Gynaecology and Abdominal Surgery : 168 Newbury 
 street, Boston, Mass. 
 
 Gushing, George Briggs, ist Surgical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1891. 
 Address: Wheeling, W. \'a. 
 
 GUTLER, GONDICT Walker, ist Medical Division, 1884, I. 
 
 B. S., Rutgers, 1879; M. S., 1882; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1882; House Physician, St. John's Guild Nursery 
 and Child's Hospital, New Dorp, N. Y.,1884; Attend- 
 ing Surgeon, Eastern Dispensary, New-York City, 
 1885-86; Attending Physician, New-York Dispensary, 
 General Medicine, 1885-88; Physician-in-chief since 
 1888 ; Assistant Attending Surgeon, New-York Hospi- 
 tal Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin, and Genito-uri- 
 nary Diseases, since 1884 ; Clinical Assistant, Diseases of 
 Children, Columbia, 1884-85 ; Professor of Diseases of 
 the Skin, University of \'ermont, since 1890. Author 
 of " Medical Students' Essentials of Physics and Chem- 
 istry " (1st ed., 1886; 2d ed., 1887; 3d ed., 1889); 
 "Manual of Differential Medical Diagnosis" (1st ed.,
 
 Internes. 1 83 
 
 1886; 2d ed., 1887; 3d ed., 1889; 4th ed., 1890); 
 " Differential Diagnosis of Diseases of the Skin," 1887. 
 General Medicine and Skin and Venereal Diseases: 
 260 West 57th street, New-York City. 
 
 Dalrymple, Aaron Pitney, . . Surgical Division, 1852, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1847; A. M., 1850; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1851 ; Surgeon, New- 
 York City Police Department, 1855-56, and 1872-73 ; 
 Major and Surgeon, 12th Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y. , 
 1857-59; Aide-de-camp on General William Hall's 
 staff, 1860-61; Major and Surgeon, ist Regiment N. 
 Y. Volunteer Engineers, Department of the South, 1861- 
 1862; Surgeon, U. S. Volunteers, Department of the 
 South, 1862-65 ; Lieutenant-Colonel and Medical Di- 
 rector, 1865-66 ; Physician, New-York City Health De- 
 partment, 1870-72; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 A., 1888-89. 
 
 General Medicine: 337 West 35th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Dalton,* Edward Barry, . ist Medical Division, 1859, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1855; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1858; Resident Physician, St. Luke's 
 Hospital, New-York City, 1859; Surgeon, S. S. Quaker 
 City, 1861 ; Surgeon, 36th Regiment, New-York Vol- 
 unteers, 1861-63 ; ^t Washington, Fortress Monroe, 
 Chickahominy, Antietam, Fredericksburg; Medical In- 
 spector, 6th Army Corps, 1863 ; Surgeon, U. S. Vol- 
 unteers, 1863 ; at Chesapeake General Hospital, 1863 ; 
 Chief Medical Officer, Balfour General Hospital, Ports- 
 mouth, Va., 1863; Medical Inspector, Army of the 
 Potomac in the Wilderness campaign, 1864; General 
 Medical Officer, Depot Field Hospital, Army of the Po- 
 tomac, City Point, Va., 1864; Medical Director, 9th 
 Army Corps at Lee's surrender. Brevet Lieutenant- 
 Colonel and Colonel of Volunteers, 1865 ; Sanitary 
 Superintendent, Metropolitan Board of Health, New- 
 York City, 1866-69; Clinical Assistant to the Chair 
 of Practice of Medicine, Columbia, 1868; Lecturer 
 on Diseases of the Nervous System, 1868; Visiting 
 Physician to the Sheltering Arms, 1868; Orphans' 
 Home and Asylum, 1868; Hospital for Paralytics and
 
 184 A?i Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Epileptics, 1868 ; Massachusetts General Hospital, Bos- 
 ton, Mass., 1869; Instructor in the Theory and Practice 
 of Medicine, Harvard, 1870-72. Born in Lowell, Mass., 
 September 21, 1834; died in Santa Barbara, Cal., May 
 13, 1872; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Dana, Charles Loo^^s, . . 3d Medical Division, 1878. II. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1872; A. M., 1875; M. D., Na- 
 tional Medical College, Washington, D. C, 1876; 
 Columbia, 1877 ; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. M. H. S., 
 1879; Visiting Neurologist, New-York Infant Asy- 
 lum, 1885-88; Montefiore Home since 1889; North- 
 eastern Dispensary, 1882-87; \'isiting Physician, Belle- 
 vue Hospital, since 1885; Professor of Comparative 
 Physiology, Columbia School of Comparative Pa- 
 thology, 1880-83; Professor of Physiology, Woman's 
 Medical College of the New-York Infirmary, 1882-87; 
 Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases, New-York 
 Post-graduate Medical School, since 1884 ; Dartmouth 
 since 1889; President, New- York Neurological Society, 
 1886-88. Author of "On the Benignity of Syphilis," 
 N. Y. County Medical Society Prize Essay, N. Y. Med. 
 Rec, Nov. 6, 1881 ; "Concussion of the Spine and 
 Hysteria," N. Y. Med. Rec, Dec. 6, 1884; "Medical 
 Expert Testimony," N. American Rev., 1885; "Clini- 
 cal Study of Neuralgias," N. Y. Med. Jour., July 23, 
 1887; "The Cortical Localization of the Cutaneous 
 Sensations," Jour. Nerv. and Ment. Dis., Oct., 1888; 
 "Cranial Topography," N. Y. Med. Rec, Jan. 12, 
 1889 ; " The Anaesthesias of Hysteria," Trans. Assoc. 
 Amer. Phys., 1890. 
 
 Nervous and Mental Diseases : 50 West 46th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Day,* Walter De Forest, ist ^ledical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1859: M. D., Columbia, 1863; in 
 Europe, 1866; Medical Cadet, U. S. A., 1861 ; Pro- 
 fessor of Botany and Materia Medica, New-York Col- 
 lege of Pharmacy, 1868-89; Sanitary Superintendent 
 and Register of Vital Statistics, New-York City Health 
 Department, 1873-89. Born in Catskill, N. Y., 1835 ; 
 died in New-York City, November 27, 1889; cause, 
 rupture of an aneurism of the aorta.
 
 htternes. 185 
 
 Dearborn, t Reuben Fletcher, 
 
 I St Medical Division, iSy^, I. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. A. B., Dartmouth, 
 1870; A. M., 1873; M. D., University of the City of 
 New- York, 1874; City Physician, Lynn, Mass., 1876- 
 1877. Residence since leaving the hospital, Lynn, 
 Mass., 1875-83; Boston, 1883-88; Detroit, Mich., 
 1889-90; Lynn, Mass., since 1891. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: i6 South Common 
 street, Lynn, Mass. 
 
 Delafield, Francis ist Medical Division, 1865, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, i860; LL. D., 1890; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1863; Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1866; Visiting 
 Physician, 1875-86; Consulting Physician since 1886; 
 Visiting Physician, Roosevelt Hospital, since 1873; Sur- 
 geon, New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1870; Pathol- 
 ogist, Roosevelt Hospital, 1873 ; Professor of Pathology 
 and Practical Medicine, Columbia, since 1876. Author 
 of "Handbook of Pathological Anatomy and Histol- 
 ogy," Delafield & Prudden, Wm. Wood & Co., 3d ed., 
 1889; " Studies in Pathology and Anatomy," Wood & 
 Co. ; " Manual of Physical Diagnosis," Wood & Co. 
 
 General Medicine: 12 West 32d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 De Lancy, Charles Hermance, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1893, I. 
 M. D., Columbia, 1891. 
 Address: 10 Grand street, Newburgh, N. Y. 
 
 Dennis, Frederic Shepard, 3d Surgical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1872; M. D., Bellevue, 1874; M. R. 
 C. S., Eng., 1877; at Universities of Heidelberg, Ber- 
 lin, and Vienna, 1877-78 ; Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital, since 1882 ; St. Vincent's Hospital since 1882 ; 
 Harlem Hospital since 1887; Consulting Surgeon, 
 Montefiore Home, since 1888 ; Demonstrator of Anat- 
 omy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1879-82 ; Pro- 
 fessor of Surgery since 1882. Author of "Compound 
 Fractures," "Trephining in Injuries of the Skull," 
 "Supra-pubic Cystotomy," "Fractures of the Base of 
 the Skull," "Gluteal Aneurism," "Laparotomy for
 
 1 86 A fi Accouui of Bellcvue Hospital. 
 
 Visceral Injuries." "Wiring of Fractured Patellae," 
 "TheAction of Micro-organismsupon Surgical Wounds, 
 etc," "Sarcoma of Bone," "Paralysis following Head 
 Injuries," "Aseptic Treatment of Wounds," "The 
 Technique Involved in Amputation," "Neurectomy of 
 the Fifth Nerve," "The Propriety of Removing the 
 Appendix Vermiformis during the Interval of Recurring 
 Attacks." 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 542 Madison Avenue, 
 New-York City. 
 
 De Rosset,* Moses John, 2d Medical Division, 1861, II. 
 
 Attended University of Geneva, Switzerland; M. D., 
 University of the City of New- York, i860; Assistant 
 Surgeon of Artillery, in Stonewall Jackson's Command ; 
 Surgeon and Inspector of Hospitals, Richmond, Va., 
 1861-65; '" practice in Baltimore, Md., 1865-73; Ad- 
 junct Professor of Physiology, University of Maryland, 
 1867; Professor of Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, 
 Baltimore, Md., and in College of Dentistry, later; 
 Secretary, Marjland Academy of Sciences, 1868; in 
 practice in Wilmington, N. C, 1873-78; New- York 
 City, 1878-80; Associate-Editor, " North Carolina Med- 
 ical Journal," 1878-81 ; translator of Bouchardat's "An- 
 nuaire," 1867. Born in Pittsboro, N. C, July 4, 1838; 
 died in New-York City, September, 1880; cause, pul- 
 monary tuberculosis. 
 
 Devlin,* Henry J., . . . . ist Medical Division, 1864, II. 
 
 Died while Senior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 1864; 
 ser\-ed while a student as Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. A., at Park Barracks and at Surgical Relief As- 
 sociation; received the first Metcalfe Prize for the best 
 report of clinics, 1863. Born in New-York City, Octo- 
 ber 4, 1838; died in Bellevue Hospital, April 5, 1864; 
 cause, typhus fever, 
 
 Dewey,* George Clinton, 4th Medical Di-.-isiou, i86j, I. 
 
 Died while .Senior Assistant. A. B., Williams, i860; 
 A. M., 1863; M. D., Columbia, 1863, Born in North- 
 ampton, Mass., December 6, 1840; died there, April 
 17, 1864; cause, typhus fever, contracted while on duty 
 in Bellevue Hospital.
 
 Intej'ues. 187 
 
 Dixon, George Arthur, 4th Medical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1878; Visiting Physician, Charity 
 Hospital, 1883-88. 
 
 General Medicine: 15 West 49th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Dodge, Joseph Smith, Jr., 4th Medical Division, 1857, I- 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1853; A. M., 1856; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1856; D. D. S., Bal- 
 timore College of Dentistry, 1858 ; Professor of Dental 
 Pathology and Therapeutics, New-York College of 
 Dentistry. t 
 
 Dentistry: 15 West 20th street, New-York City; 
 residence, Stamford, Conn. 
 
 DoNAGHE,* William Rice, . ist Surgical Division, 1853, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1852; A. M., 1859; M. D., University 
 of the City of New- York, 1852; in Paris, 1853-55. Sur- 
 geon, immigrants' ship, Havre to New-York, 1855. In 
 practice in New-York City, 1855-65 ; Attending Physi- 
 cian, Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 
 1855-56; Attending Surgeon, 1856-63: Visiting Sur- 
 geon, New-York Colored Home and Hospital, St. 
 Luke's Hospital, 1856-65 ; Demonstrator of Anatomy, 
 University of the City of New-York, 1861-64; Lecturer 
 on Surgical Anatomy and Venereal Diseases, 1860-65. 
 In 1856 Donaghe tied the right common carotid artery 
 for malignant disease of the palate. Born at New Ha- 
 ven, Conn., April 26, 1830; died in New-York City, 
 July 18, 1866; cause, general paresis. 
 
 Done,* Joseph Bayly, . . . ist Surgical Division, 1865, I. 
 
 A. B., honoris causa, Princeton, 1865; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1864; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital 
 Dispensary, 1867; Visiting Physician, Charity Hospital, 
 1866-68; Surgeon, Pacific Mail Steamship Company, 
 San Francisco to Yokohama, 1867-71. In practice in 
 Yokohama, Japan, 1871-73. Born in Princess Anne, 
 Md., 1843; died in Yokohama, Japan, November 3, 
 1873; cause, acute lobar pneumonia, pulmonary 
 tuberculosis.
 
 1 88 Aji AccoiDit of BcUcviic Hospital. 
 
 DowD, Pascal Monroe, . . ist Medical Division, 1878, II. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1872; M. D., University of the City 
 of New-York, 1877; City Physician, Oswego, N. Y., 
 1879-91 ; Health Officer, 1889-91 ; Visiting Physician, 
 Oswego Hospital, since 1883. 
 
 General Medicine: Oswego, N. Y. 
 
 Downs, t ROSCIUS Y 2d Surgical Division, iSSj, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1886. 
 General Medicine: 194 Main street, Ansonia, Conn. 
 
 Draper,* Henry, 2d Medical Division, i860, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1858; 
 in Europe, 1859; Professor of Natural Science, Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, Academical De- 
 partment, 1860-82; Adjunct Professor of Physiology, 
 Medical Department, 1866-67; Professor, 1867-73; 
 Professor of Physiology and Analytical Chemistry, 
 Academical Department, 1871-82; In 1857 Draper, 
 while engaged in microscopic photography, discovered 
 the great advantage in the use of palladium proto- 
 chloride to darken collodion negatives. In 1861 he con- 
 structed a reflecting telescope 15^ inches in diameter, 
 and with it obtained a photograph of the moon, the lar- 
 gest ever made, 50 inches in diameter. In 1864 he wrote 
 a description of his methods of grinding and polishing 
 mirrors, and of testing them, which was published by the 
 Smithsonian Institute in its " Contributions to Science," 
 and which is regarded as the standard work on that 
 subject. He was the first to demonstrate the superiority 
 of chemically pure silver over all known substances in 
 the construction of the spectrum ; this was a result, in- 
 cidentally, of experiments in the construction of his 
 great twenty-eight inch equatorial telescope, with 
 which he subsequently photographed the spectra of 
 the stars, and the mounting and silvered spectrum of 
 which he made with his own hands (1872). Professor 
 Barnard spoke of these experiments as "probably the 
 most difficult and costly ever made in celestial chem- 
 istry." Draper with this instrument obtained a photo- 
 graph of the fixed lines in the spectra of the stars.
 
 Internes. 1 89 
 
 This was prior to the discovery of the gelatine-bromide 
 dry process in photography. He also obtained (1872) 
 a photograph of the diffraction spectrum which has 
 never been excelled. It comprised the region from be- 
 low G, wave-length 4350, to O, wave-length 3440, on 
 one plate. This photograph of Draper's was used by 
 Secchi in his work on the sun, and it was reproduced 
 and indorsed by the British Association as the best that 
 had ever been taken. In 1874 he was appointed super- 
 intendent of the photographic department of the Com- 
 mission sent out by the United States to observe the 
 transit of Venus. His work on this Commission was 
 so successful that Congress gave him a special gold 
 medal bearing the legend, Decori decus addit avito. 
 Draper's most remarkable achievement was perhaps the 
 discovery of oxygen in the sun (1877). Author of " A 
 Text-Book of Chemistry" and "On the Construction 
 of a Silvered-glass Telescope," also many minor arti- 
 cles. Born in Prince Edward County, Va., March 7, 
 1837; died in New-York City, November 20, 1882; 
 cause, pleuro-pneumonia. Brother of John C. Draper 
 (1857, 11). 
 
 Draper,* John Christopher, 3d Medical Division, 1857, II. 
 
 At University of the City of New-York, Academical 
 Department, 1851-54; M. D., 1857; LL. D., Trinity, 
 1873. In Europe, 1857-58 ; Professor of Theoretical 
 Chemistry, University of the City of New-York, 1858- 
 1871 ; Professor of Chemistry, Cooper Institute, 1860- 
 1863; Surgeon, U. S. Volunteers at the surrender of 
 Harper's Ferry ; Professorof Natural History, College of 
 the City of New-York, 1863-85; Professor of Chem- 
 istry, University of the City of New-York, Medical De- 
 partment, 1866-85. Author of "Text-Book of Anat- 
 omy, Physiology, and Hygiene," 1866; Editor " Scrib- 
 ner's Year-Book of Nature and Science," 1872, "Note- 
 Book of Nature and Science," 1873, and the department 
 of "Nature and Science" in " Scribner's Monthly," 
 1872-76 ; " Practical Laboratory Course in Chemistry," 
 1882; "A Text-Book of Medical Physics," 1885 ; also 
 various scientific articles in the journals. Born in Vir- 
 ginia, March 31, 1835 ; died in New-York City, Decem- 
 ber 20, 1885 ; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. Brother 
 of Henry Draper (i860, 1).
 
 I go .-/;/ Accou?it of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Draper, WILLIA^[ Henry, . 2d Medical Division, 1856, I. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1851 ; A. M., 1854; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1855 ; X'isiting Physician, 
 New-York Hospital, 1862-89; Roosevelt Hospital since 
 1872; St. Luke's Hospital, 1859-68; Consulting Phy- 
 sician to latter since 1S68; Presbyterian Hospital since 
 1880; New-York Hospital since 1889. Author of vari- 
 ous articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine: 19 East 47th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Dunham, Theodore, . . . 4th Surgical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1885; M. D., 1888; attended courses 
 in Europe, 1890-91. 
 
 General Medicine: 347 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 Dunn, Thomas Joseph, . . 2d Medical Division, 1889, II. 
 
 A. B., St. John's College, Fordham, N. Y., 1884; 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: 2735 Webster Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Dunning,* William BuRR,t ist Surgical Divisioji, iSj-^, J. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. A. B., Yale, 1863 ; 
 M. D., Columbia, 1871 ; School-teacher, Peekskill, 
 N. Y., 1863 ; Associate-Editor, Detroit (Mich.) " Daily 
 Advertiser," 1863-64; in mercantile business in \\'\\- 
 liamsport, Penn., 1864-66; teacher in Norristown, 
 Penn., 1866-67; Tarrytown, N. Y., 1867-68; Yale 
 School for Boys, 1868-71 ; in practice in Peekskill, 
 N. Y., 1872-77 ; in the practice of homeopathy in 
 Hartford, Conn., 1877. Died in the State of New Jer- 
 sey, about 1 888 ; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis (?). 
 
 Early, Maurice Barinc;, . 3d Medical Division, 1873, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1869; 
 House Surgeon, 99th street Reception Hospital, New- 
 York City, 1873 ; at Park Reception Hospital, 1873-74; 
 Deputy Coroner, 1874; District Physician, Department 
 of Public Charities and Correction, 1875; Attending
 
 Internes. 1 9 1 
 
 Physician, Eastern Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin, 
 1875-76; New-York Dispensary, Diseases of the Heart 
 and Lungs, 1875-76; Northwestern Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Women, 1877; Assistant Sanitary Inspector, 
 New-York City Health Department, 1878-80. 
 
 General Medicine : 84 Macdougal street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 ECHEVERRIA, Martin John, 1st Medical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1889. 
 
 Address: 102 West 74th street. New- York City. 
 
 Edgar, James Clifton, . . 2d Medical Division, 1887, I- 
 
 Ph. B., Lafayette, 1882; A. B., 1883; A. M., 1885; 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1885 ; In- 
 terne Royal Frauenklinik, Munich, 1888; Assistant 
 Curator, Bellevue Hospital, since 1887 ; Instructor in 
 Pathology, University of the City of New-York, 1887- 
 1888; Lecturer on Obstetrics, 1888-89; Adjunct Pro- 
 fessor since 1889; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital Dispensary, Diseases of Women, since 1887 ; 
 Visiting Physician, Midwifery Dispensary, since 1890; 
 Editor of Winckel's " Text-Book of Midwifery," 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Obstetrics: 115 East 35th 
 street, New- York City. 
 
 EdgERTON, Francis D., . . 3d Medical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 A. B., Wesleyan, 1861 ; A. M., 1864; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of Vermont, 1863; Columbia, 1864; Visiting 
 Physician, Connecticut Industrial School for Girls, since 
 1870; Secretary and Treasurer, Middlesex County 
 (Conn.) Medical Society, 1873-77; President, 1890; 
 Treasurer, Connecticut State Medical Society, 1876-82 ; 
 Vice-President, ex officio, 1890; Post-surgeon, State of 
 Connecticut, Middletown, since 1878 ; Member of Con- 
 necticut State Pharmacy Commission, 1886-89; Secre- 
 tary, 1886-88; President, 1888-89. Author of the 
 "Annual Address to the Graduating Class," Yale Med- 
 ical School, 1878, by appointment of Connecticut State 
 Medical Society. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 26 Washington 
 street, Middletown, Conn.
 
 192 An Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 Edmister, F'REDERICK, . 3d Surgical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 M. I)., Bellevue, 1883; Examining Surgeon, U. S. 
 Pension Bureau, Brooklyn, N. Y., and Secretary of the 
 Board, 1891. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 319 Ninth street, 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Edwards,* George Wilkinson, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1862, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1862; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862-65, at David's 
 Island, New-York Harbor ; Surgeon to the Freedman's 
 Bureau, 1865-69; Surgeon-in-chief for the State of 
 Florida, 1869; in practice in Granby, Conn., 1869-84. 
 Born in New- York City, October 12, 1836; died in 
 Granby, Conn., October 6, 1884; cause, chronic 
 nephritis. 
 
 Eliot, Ellsworth, ... 2d Surgical Division, 1853, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1849; A. iM., 1852; \L D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1852; Attending Physician, 
 Northern Dispensary, New-York City, Diseases of Head 
 and Abdomen, 1854-58; Northeastern Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Head and Abdomen, 1862-63 ; Consulting Phy- 
 sician since 1888 ; President, Medical Society County 
 of New- York, 1872-73; Vice-President, Medical So- 
 ciety State of New-York, 1875 ; Trustee, Columbia 
 (Medical Department), since 1867; Register, 1868-85; 
 Vice-President, Society for the Relief of Widows and 
 Orphans of Medical Men, since 1889 ; New-York Gene- 
 alogical and Biographical Society since 1878. 
 
 General Medicine: 48 West 36th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Elliot,* Frederick, Medical Division, 1852, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 185 1 ; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1853-61 ; Surgeon, ist Regi- 
 ment, Lincoln (New-York) Cavalry, 1861 ; Surgeon- 
 in-chief of brigade and division, Acting Staff-Surgeon, 
 Medical Inspector of Cavalry, Middle Military Division, 
 and Middle Division of the Gulf; Acting Medical Di- 
 rector of Cavalry, Middle Division of the Gulf, 1861-65 ;
 
 Internes. 193 
 
 in practice in New-York City, 1865-84. Born in Chi- 
 chester, Eng., November 15, 1828 ; died in Nyack, N. 
 Y., December 17, 1884 ; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Elliott, William Henry, . 3d Medical Division, i860, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1857; M. D., University of Virginia, 
 1858; College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1859; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, C. S. A., 1862-65 ! Inspector, Na- 
 tional Board of Health, 1879-82; Surgeon, Ocean 
 Steamship Co., 1884; Chief Surgeon, Georgia Central 
 R. R., since 1889. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 92 Gwinnett street. 
 Savannah, Ga. 
 
 ELSlNG,t Henry C, . . . . ist Surgical Division, i8pi, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. A. B., Princeton, 
 1886; A. M., 1890; M. D., University of the City of 
 New-York, 1890; Boudinot Fellow in Modern Lan- 
 guages, Princeton, 1886 ; Interne, Harlem Hospital, 
 New-York City, 1890-92. 
 
 Address: care of Rev. William T. Elsing, DeWitt 
 Memorial Church, 280 Rivington street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Ely, John Slade, ist Medical Division, 1887, I. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1881 ; M. D., Columbia, 1886; Post- 
 graduate student and Assistant in Physics, Yale, 
 1881-82; at Johns Hopkins University, 1882-83 ; Uni- 
 versity of Berlin, 1883; Hygienic Institute, Berlin, 
 1887; University of Heidelberg, 1887-88; Ecole de 
 Medicine, Paris, 1888; Senckenberg Institute, Frank- 
 fort, 1888; Assistant in Pathology, Columbia, since 
 1888 ; Assistant Curator, Bellevue Hospital, since 1888 ; 
 Assistant Physician, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, 
 since 1888; Lecturer on Histology and Pathological 
 Anatomy, Woman's Medical College of the New-York 
 Infirmary, since 1890. Author of "Influence of Pep- 
 tones and Certain Inorganic Salts on the Diastasic 
 Action of Saliva," R. H. Chittenden & E., Amer. 
 Chem. Jour., Vol. IV., No. 2, 1882 ; " On the Alkahnity 
 and Diastasic Action of Human Saliva," R. H. C. & E., 
 idem, No. 5 ; "On the Effect of Variations of Arterial 
 Pressure on the Duration of the Systole and Diastole of
 
 194 ^^^^ Account of Bellcvuc Hospital. 
 
 the Heart-beat," W. H. Howell & E. ; " Studies from 
 the Biological Laboratory of Johns Hopkins Univer- 
 sity," 1883 ; " A Study of Metastatic Carcinoma of the 
 Stomach, etc.," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc.,Jan., 1890; Re- 
 views of books, etc., on pathological subjects in Amer. 
 Jour. Med. Sc. and Med. News (Phila.), since 1889. 
 
 General Medicine and Pathology : 147 West 73d 
 street, New- York City. 
 
 Enders, Thomas Burnham, 4th Surgical Division, 1893, I. 
 
 A. B. Yale, 1888; M. D., Columbia, 1891. 
 Address: Highland street, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 ExGS,* Georgp:, 3d Medical Division, 1864, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, i860; M. D., Columbia, 1863; Physi- 
 cian in charge of Fever Hospital, Blackwell's Island, 
 New-York City, 1865-66; at Vienna General Hospi- 
 tal, 1867-68; University of Prague, 1868; Vienna, 
 1868-69; in practice in Newport, R. I., 1869-87; 
 Visiting Physician, Newport Hospital. Died suddenly 
 in Newport, R. I., July 7, 1887, aged forty-five years; 
 cause, cardiac failure. 
 
 Eno, Henry Clay, .... 4th Medical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, i860; A. M., 1863; M. D., Columbia, 
 1864; Visiting Ophthalmologist, Charity Hospital, 
 New-York, 1870-72 ; also Nursery and Child's Hospi- 
 tal, and New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary. Resigned. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York City; 
 Saugatuck, Conn. 
 
 Retired: 11 1 Broadway, New-York City; residence, 
 Saugatuck, Conn. 
 
 Ensign,* William H., . . 4th Medical Division, 1863, I. 
 
 B. S., University of Vermont, 1854; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1862; Acting Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862-72, serving in the Harwood, 
 Cliffljurn, Lincoln, and Emory Hospitals, East Capital 
 Barracks, Alaska, and Arizona ; in practice in New- 
 York City, 1872-84; Surgeon, New-York City Police 
 Department, 1873-84. Born in Middletown, Conn. ; 
 died in New-York City, October 26, 1884; cause, cardiac 
 disease.
 
 Internes. 195 
 
 Erdmann, John F., . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1887; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, since 1889; Medical Examiner, 
 Commercial Union Life Insurance Co., 1889-90; Pro- 
 sector to the Chair of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, since 1888; Assistant Demonstrator 
 since 1892 ; Surgeon, American Employers' Liability 
 Insurance Company, since 1890. Author of " Trephin- 
 ing for Depressed Fracture of the Skull," Cinn. Lane. & 
 Clin., 1887; " Case of Cerebro-spinal Meningitis, with 
 Remarkable Diminution in the Number of Respira- 
 tions," N. Y. Med. Jour., Jan. 25, 1890. 
 
 General Surgery: 141 West 34th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Everett,* Darwin, .... 2d Medical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1864; in practice in Middletown, 
 N. Y., 1865-84. Died in Middletown, N. Y., Septem- 
 ber 18, 1884; cause, sciatic neuritis. 
 
 Everts,* Franklin, . . . ist Surgical Division, 1854, I. 
 
 Graduated at Mexico (N. Y.) Academy; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1853; College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1853; in practice in New- 
 York City, 1854; Surgeon, S. S. Atlantic, Collins 
 Line, 1854-55 ; at Paris medical schools, 1855 ; Rotunda 
 Lying-in Hospital and St. Mark's Ophthalmic Hospital, 
 Dublin, 1855 ; in practice in Oswego, N. Y., 1855-60; 
 Surgeon, ist Regiment, New-York Artillery, 1861-62, 
 in the Peninsular campaign and at the battle of Fair 
 Oaks; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at Central Park 
 General Hospital, New-York City, 1862-63. Born in 
 Mexico, N. Y., February 24, 1828; died there, Febru- 
 ary 12, 1864; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Fabricius, Julius Robert, .. 3d Surgical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1892. 
 
 Address: 23 West nth street, New-York City. 
 
 Fairchild,* Richard Van Wyck, 
 
 Medical Division, 1850, I. & II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1839; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1843; in practice in Newark, N. J.,
 
 196 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 1845; in Parsippany, N. J., 1864-74. Born in Parsip- 
 pany, N. J., February 24, 1819; died there, suddenly, 
 February 24, 1874; cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Farreix, Edward, .... 2d Surgical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 A. B., St. Mary's College, Halifax, N. S., 1859; 
 M. D., Columbia, 1864; Coroner County of Halifax, 
 1867-78; Professor of Anatomy, Halifax Medical Col- 
 lege, 1869-73; Professor of .Surgery, 1873-91; Sur- 
 geon, Provincial and City Hospital, since 1869; Member 
 of Local Government of the Province of Nova Scotia, 
 1876-78 ; Member of the Provincial Medical Board for 
 the Regulation of the Medical Curriculum of the Prov- 
 inces and Registration of Practitioners of Medicine, 
 since 1872. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 48 Morris street, 
 Halifax, N. S. 
 
 Farrixgton, Edward Sherman, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1894, 1. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1888; M. D., Columbia, 1892. Brother 
 of William H. Farrington (1874, I). 
 
 Address: 29 West 65th street, New-York City. 
 
 Farrington, John M., . . 2d Surgical Division, 1858, II. 
 
 M. D., New- York Medical College, 1857; Attending 
 Physician, Northwestern Dispensary, Diseases of Head 
 and Abdomen, 1858; Surgeon, 137th Regiment, N. Y. 
 Volunteers, 1862. Author of " Clinical Records," 
 Amer. Med. Month., Feb., 1858; " Report of a Case 
 of Strangulated Hernia," idem, March, 1858 ; " Report 
 of a Case of Castration for Tubercular Disease of the 
 Testicles," idem, April, 1858 ; " Report of Cases Occur- 
 ring in Bellevue Hospital," idetn, Aug., 1858, and Jan. 
 1859; " Report of Cases of Diseases of Bone," idem, 
 Oct., 1859 ; " Chloroform: Its More General Use Ad- 
 vocated and Defended," N. Y. Med. Jour., 1887; "The 
 Shady and the Sunny Side of the Practice of Medicine," 
 N. Y. Med. Jour., 1888; "The Use of Alcohol in Medi- 
 cine,"; iV^/;/, 1889. Residence since leaving the hospi- 
 tal, New-York City, Trumansburg, N. Y., and Bing- 
 hamton, N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 1 1 Jay street, Bing- 
 hamton, N. Y.
 
 Internes. 197 
 
 Farrington, William Howard, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1874, I. 
 At Brown, 1866-68; Yale, 1868-69; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1872. Brother of Edward S. Farrington (1894, I). 
 General Medicine : Astor House, New-York City. 
 
 Ferguson, James Francis, . . . Surgical Division, 1861. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, i86i; 
 Bellevue, 1862; Assistant Surgeon, 82d Regiment, N. 
 Y. Volunteers, 1861-62; Surgeon, 165th Regiment, 
 1862-64; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, 1870-71 ; Visiting Surgeon, City (late Char- 
 ity) Hospital, since 1872; Visiting Physician, Hospital 
 for Nervous Diseases, since 1886. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, New-York City and Falkirk, Cen- 
 tral Valley, N. Y. 
 
 Surgery and Mental and Nervous Diseases : Falkirk, 
 Central Valley, N. Y. (permanent), and 168 Lexing- 
 ton Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Fergusson,* William C, . . 3d Medical Division, 1861, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1856-57; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1859. Died in hospital in 
 Richmond, Va., January 23, 1865 ; cause, fever (?). 
 
 FERMERt (or FERMA), JOSE DE,§ 1864, IL 
 
 Probably resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D. 
 
 Fernandez,* Luis, 2d Medical Division, 1861, I. 
 
 A. B., New-York Free Academy, 1855; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1859. Reported to 
 have died in Santiago de Cuba about twenty years ago ; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Field, Matthew Dickinson, ist Surgical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1875; M. D., Bellevue, 1879; As- 
 sistant Inspector, New- York City Health Department, 
 1882; Visiting Physician, Charity Hospital, 1882-84; 
 Examiner in Lunacy, Department of Public Charities 
 and Correction, since 1882; Surgeon, Manhattan 
 Elevated R. R., since 1883; Lecturer on Mental Dis- 
 eases, New-York Polyclinic, since 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 115 East 40th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 198 A 71 AccojDit of Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 FiGUEIRA, Mathias, .... 2d Surgical Division, 1874, I. 
 
 A. B., University of Coimbra, Portugal, 1862; M. 
 D., Columbia, 1872; Consulting Physician, Little Sis- 
 ters of the Poor, since 1882 ; Visiting Physician, House 
 of Good Shepherd, since 1884; St. Catherine's Hospi- 
 tal, Brooklyn, N. Y., since 1887. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 12 Stuyvesant Ave- 
 nue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Fisher,* Lewis ist Medical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1861 ; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862-64; at 
 Chester Army Hospital, 1863-64; in practice in Wil- 
 mington, Del., Morristown, N. J., and New-York City, 
 1864-87. Born in Mobile, Ala., 1839; died in Jack- 
 sonville, Fla., March i, 1887; cause, pulmonary tuber- 
 culosis, diabetes mellitus. 
 
 Fisher, William Redwood, ist Medical Division, 1867, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1863; A. M., 1866; M. D., 1867; 
 Interne, in Blackwell's Island Hospitals, 1867-68; Ex- 
 amining Physician, Department of Public Charities and 
 Correction, 1868-69; Resident Physician, Ward's Isl- 
 and Inebriate Asylum, 1869-70; Visiting Physician 
 and Surgeon, St. Mary's Hospital, Hoboken, N. J., 
 since 1881. Author of various articles in medical jour- 
 nals. Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York 
 City, 1868-74; and Hoboken, N. J., since 1874. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 711 Washington 
 street, Hoboken, N. J. 
 
 Fleming, Martin J. ist Medical Division, 1874, I. 
 
 A. B., St. John's College, Fordham, N. Y., 1868; 
 A. M., 1869; M. D., Columbia, 1872 ; Assistant 
 Sanitary Inspector, New-York City Health Department, 
 
 1874-78- 
 
 General Medicine: 132 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 Flint, Austin, Jr., 3d Medical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1889; \'isiting Physician, Mid- 
 wifery Dispensary, New-York City, since 1891 ; As- 
 sistant Visiting Physician, Bellevue and Emergency
 
 Internes. 199 
 
 Hospitals, since 1891 ; Assistant to Chair of Obstetrics 
 and Diseases of Women and Children, Bellevue Hospi- 
 tal Medical College, since 1892; son of Austin Flint, 
 2d (Visiting Physician, 1889), and grandson of Austin 
 Flint (1861-86). 
 
 Address: 252 Madison Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Flint, William Hasty, . . . 3d Medical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 A. B., Cornell, 1874; M. D., Bellevue, 1877; Visit- 
 ing Physician, Workhouse and Almshouse Hospitals, 
 1880-82 ; Visiting Physician, Presbyterian Hospital, 
 since 1885 ; Assistant to the Chair of Practice of Medi- 
 cine, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1879-88. 
 Author of the following articles in "Wood's Reference 
 Handbook of the Medical Sciences," 1886 : "Abdominal 
 Tumors," Vol. I., p. 15; "Aneurism, Abdominal," 
 Vol. I., p. 217; "Dentition, Disorders of," Vol. II., p. 
 398; "Haematemesis," Vol. III., p. 447; " Haemop- 
 tysis," Vol. III., p. 463; "Perinephritis," Vol. V., 
 p. 583; "Spleen, Diseases of," Vol. VI., p. 599; 
 " Stomach, Organic Diseases of," Vol. VI., p. 632 ; 
 "Clinical Report on Sulphonal," N. Y. Med. Jour., 
 Dec. IS, 1888; "Creosote in Phthisis," N. Y. Med. 
 Jour., July 26, 1890, etc., etc. 
 
 General Medicine : 37 East 33d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Flores, Juan J., 3d Medical Division, 1868, II. 
 
 A. M., University of St. Tomas de Costa Rica, 1863 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1867 
 Proto-Medico of the Faculty, St. Tomas, 1869-70 
 Governor of Heredia, C. A., 1884-89. Author of vari- 
 ous medical and political articles. Address after leav- 
 ing the hospital, Heredia de Costa Rica, C. A. In 
 the Revolution of May, 1891, was arrested, imprisoned, 
 and finally released on condition that he leave the 
 country. Cousin of Manuel J. Flores (1880, I). 
 
 Flores, Manuel Jesus, . . 4th Medical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1878. 
 Cousin of Juan J. Flores (1868, II). 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Heredia de Costa 
 Rica, C. A.
 
 200 Afi Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 Fluhrer, William F., ... 3d Surgical Division, 1873, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevuc, 1870; Resident Physician and Sur- 
 geon, Park Reception Hospital, New-York City, 1873; 
 Supervising Physician and Surgeon, Park and 99th 
 Street Reception Hospitals, 1874; Visiting Surgeon, 
 Mt. Sinai Hospital, since 1879; Bellevue Hospital 
 since 1882. 
 
 (General Surgery : 479 Fifth Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Form AX, D. McLean, ... 2d Surgical Division, 1867. II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1866; House Physician, Charity 
 Hospital, New-York, 1867 (resigned); House Surgeon, 
 St. Luke's Hospital, 1867-68. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Freehold, N. J. 
 
 FoRMAN, Samuel Randolph, 2d Medical Division, 1858, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1854; A. ^L, 1857; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1857; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. N., 1861-64; Visiting Physician, St. 
 Francis's Hospital, Jersey City, N. J. ; Visiting Sur- 
 geon, Hudson County (N. J.) Church Hospital and 
 Home (now Christ Hospital), Jersey City; Visiting 
 Physician, City Hospital of Jersey City. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Hoboken, and Jersey City, 
 N.J. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 319 Bergen Avenue, 
 Jersey City Heights, N. J. 
 
 Forrest, Molton Hooks, . ist Medical Division, 1873, II. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1868; M. D., Bellevue, 1872. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 
 1873-74; Florence, Italy, 1874-81; and Philadelphia, 
 Penn., since 1881. 
 
 Retired: 4029 Walnut street, Philadelphia, Penn. 
 
 Fountain, * Ezra B.,t .... Surgical Divisiou, iSji, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. A. B., Princeton, 
 1847; M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 1851 ; Surgeon, Panama R. R., 1851-54; in practice in 
 Davenport, la., 1854-61. Fountain had for some time 
 prior to his death advocated the use of potassium chlo- 
 rate as a cure for pulmonary phthisis, and he read a
 
 Internes. 201 
 
 paper on the subject before the American Medical As- 
 sociation in New Haven, Conn., in i860. It is pre- 
 sumed that he experimented on himself, using gradually 
 increased doses of the drug; for, on March 25, 1861, he 
 took one ounce of the drug, which caused his death in 
 two days. The case is noted in Bartholow's " Materia 
 Medica and Therapeutics," 4th ed., p. 180; with the 
 statement, however, that death occurred on the seventh 
 day. Born in Westchester County, N. Y., March 20, 
 1828; died in Davenport, la., March 27, 1861 ; cause, 
 accidental poisoning. 
 
 Frankenberg,!: Jacob Henry, 
 
 ist Medical Division, iSS/j., II. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Physician, B. S. , Col- 
 lege of the City of New-York, 1880 (?) ; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1883. 
 
 General Medicine: 142 East 74th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Franklin, David, .... 4th Medical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1869-72; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1878; Attend- 
 ing Surgeon, Mt. Sinai Hospital Dispensary, 1883-90; 
 Attending Physician and Surgeon, Harlem Dispen- 
 sary, 1884-88; Curator, Infants' Hospital, Randall's 
 Island, N. Y., 1885; Visiting Physician, Hebrew 
 Orphan Asylum, since 1883. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, San Francisco, Cal., 1879-80; and New- 
 York City since 1880. 
 
 General Medicine: 17 East 129th street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 FREEMAN,t Rowland Godfrey, 
 
 1st Medical Division, i88y, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. A. B., Columbia, 
 1883; M. D., 1886. At Hygienic Institute, Berlin, 
 1887 ; Universities of Berlin, Vienna, and Paris, 1887 ; 
 Assistant Physician, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, 
 since 1889; Curator, New-York Cancer Hospital, since 
 1890; Pathologist, Transfiguration Clinic, since 1890. 
 Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine : 147 West 57th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 202 An Account of Bcllcvnc Hospital. 
 
 French, John Herndon, . 4th Medical Division, 1885, II. 
 
 A. B., Virginia Military Institute, 1880; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1882 ; at General 
 Hospital, Vienna, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 43 West 51st street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 French,* Willis Walton, . 4th Surgical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 A. B., Bowdoin, 1878; M. D., Columbia, 1883; in 
 practice in Greeley, Col., 1885-86; New-York City, 
 1886-88; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, 1886-88; Sanitary Inspector, New-York City 
 Health Department, Summer Corps, i888. Born in 
 Portsmouth, N. H., April 27, 1857; died in New-York 
 City, March 11, 1888; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Frothingham,* WiLLLVM. \ 3^ Medical Division, 1 855. f- 
 
 ) 1st burgical Division, 1856, 1. 
 
 A. B., Union, 185 1; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1854; in Paris, 1855; in practice in 
 New- York City, 1856-61, and 1865-85; Surgeon, 44th 
 Regiment, New-York Volunteers, 1861 ; Visiting Physi- 
 cian, New-York Juvenile Asylum, New-York Institution 
 for the Deaf and Dumb, and Colored Orphan Asylum. 
 Born in Johnstown, N. Y., 1830; died suddenly in 
 New- York City, November 19, 1885 ; cause, premature 
 explosion of a revolver. 
 
 Fruitnight,* William, ... 2d Medical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New- York, 1878; M. 
 D., Bellevue, 1880; Clinical Assistant New-York Poly- 
 clinic, Diseases of the Throat, 1881-82; Diseases of 
 Women, 1881-84. Author of "A Case of Post- 
 partum Hemorrhage," Amer. Jour. Obstet., 1884; 
 "Spontaneous, Immediate Repair of Completely La- 
 cerated Perineum," idem, 1884; "Puerperal Septi- 
 casmia," idem, 1884. Born in New-York City, April 
 20, 1858; died in New-York City, July 20, 1884; 
 cause, cerebral thrombosis. 
 
 Fuller,* Eraser Chisholm, 2d Surgical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1882 ; Visiting Surgeon, City (late 
 Charity) Hospital, New-York City, 1890-92. Born in
 
 Intei'nes. 203 
 
 Boston, Mass., in i860; died in New-York City, July 
 18, 1892; cause, fracture of the leg, pneumonia. 
 
 Galt,* James Dickie, .... 3d Medical Division, 1856, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1850-52; M. D., 1853; 
 University of Pennsylvania, 1854; Health Officer and 
 Physician to the Almshouse, Norfolk, Va., 1878-86; 
 City Coroner, 1880-84; Quarantine Officer, Elizabeth 
 River District, 1882-86. Died in Norfolk, Va., Sep- 
 tember 14, 1888; cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Gamble,* George, .... 2d Medical Division, 1866, II. 
 
 A. B., Kenyon College, 1861 ; A. M., later; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1864; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 at Madison, Ind., General Hospital, 1864; at hospitals 
 in Dublin, Edinburgh, London, and Berlin, 1866-68; 
 traveling in Italy and France, 1868. Born in Cincin- 
 nati, O., August 20, 1838; died suddenly in a railway 
 carriage at Folkestone, Eng., May 26, 1868; cause, 
 pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Gardner, Clarence Howard, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1885. 
 General Medicine: 154 North Main street, Provi- 
 dence, R. I. 
 
 Garmany, Jasper Jewett, . 3d Surgical Division, 1883, H- 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1879; A. M., 1882; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1882; M. R. C. S., M. R. F. S. (Eng.), 1885; 
 at hospitals in Paris, London, and Vienna, 1884-86; 
 Visiting Surgeon, 99th Street Reception Hospital, 
 New-York City, 1887-89; Attending Surgeon, Belle- 
 vue Hospital Dispensary, 1886-90. Author of *' Oper- 
 ative Surgery on the Cadaver," D. A. & Co., 1887; 
 "Reduction of Old Dislocations by Arthrotomy," 
 N. Y. Med. Jour., Feb., 1888; "Trephining for In- 
 sanity following Head Injuries," Trans. Intern. Med. 
 Cong., 9th sess., 1887, Vol. I., p. 601. Cousin of 
 George G. Larcombe (1887, I). 
 
 General Surgery: 40 W. 40th street, New-York City.
 
 204 An Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 Garrett,* Francis Marion, 3d Medical Division. 1853, I. 
 
 M. D , University of the City of New-York, 1853; 
 Surgeon, C. S. A., 1861-65; in field service at York- 
 town and Williamsburgh, 1861-62; Post-Surgeon and 
 Medical Director, 1862-63; Surgeon, 30th Regiment, 
 North Carolina Volunteers, and Brigade Surgeon, 
 Anderson's North Carolina Brigade, 1863-64; Surgeon, 
 Second North Carolina Hospital, 1864-65; in mercan- 
 tile business, New-York City, 1866-68; in general 
 practice, Ringwood, N. C, 1869-81 ; owner of "All 
 Health Springs" Sanitarium, King's Mountain, N. C, 
 1881-84; in Norfolk, Va., in the yellow fever epidemic, 
 1885. Residence after leaving the hospital, Falkland, 
 Tarborough, and Enfield, 'N. C, 1855-60; New-York 
 City, 1866-68; Ringwood, N. C, 1869-81; King's 
 Mountain, N. C, 1881-88; Richland, Ga., 1888; Lit- 
 tleton, N. C, 1891. Died in Littleton, N. C, 1892. 
 
 Gentry,^ Watson Meredith, 
 
 ist Surgical Division, i8j6, II. 
 
 Left the hospital while Senior Assistant. A. B., 
 Triune College, Tenn., 1850; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1855; Surgeon, C. S. A., 1861-65; 
 on the field, 1861-63 5 i" charge of hospitals, Montgom- 
 ery, Ala., 1863-65. Residence since leaving the hospi- 
 tal, Shelbyville, Tenn., and Franklin, Tenn. 
 
 General Medicine : Franklin, Tenn. 
 
 Geurnsey,* Desault, . . Medical Division, 1850, II. & III. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1850; 
 House Physician, New- York Colored Home and Hos- 
 pital, 1848; Assistant Physician, Marine Hospital, 
 Quarantine, Staten Island, New-York, 1851-52; in 
 practice in Pine Plains, N. Y., 1852-62; Surgeon, 
 174th Regiment, New-York Volunteers, 1862; served 
 in the Banks Expedition before New Orleans until the 
 attack on Port Hudson, when he was disabled and 
 afterward honorably discharged ; in practice in Amenia, 
 N. Y., 1863-85 ; Vice-President, Medical Society of the 
 County of Dutchess, 1867-70, 1877-78; President, 
 1879-80. Born in Milan, N. Y., June 13, 1830; died 
 suddenly in Amenia, N. Y., December 9, 1885 ; cause, 
 rupture of an aneurism of the aorta.
 
 Internes. 205 
 
 GiBB, William Travis, . . 2d Medical Division, 1887, II. 
 
 B. S., College of the City of New-York; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1886; House Sur- 
 geon, Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, New-York 
 City, 1887-88; Instructor in Diseases of Women, Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, since 1889. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Plainfield, N. J., and New- 
 York City. 
 
 General Medicine: 365 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 GiBBS, John Blair, .... ist Surgical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1878; M. D., University of Penn- 
 sylvania, 1881 ; Columbia, 1882; Assistant Surgeon, 
 Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, since 1886. 
 
 General Surgery: 28 West 20th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Gibson, Charles Dana (Townsend), 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1869, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; M. D., Columbia, 1868; in prac- 
 tice in Brooklyn, N. Y., 1870-72; Sandusky, O., 
 1872-79; in business in New-York City, since 1879. 
 
 Fire Insurance: 31 and 33 Pine street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Gibson, Walter Campbell, 2d Medical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 At Hamilton College, 1886-88; M. D., University 
 of the City of New-York, 1891. 
 Address: Utica, N. Y. 
 
 Gillette, Walter Robarts, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1863, II, & 1864, I. 
 
 A. B., Madison University, 1861 ; A. M., 1864; M. 
 D., Columbia, 1864; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 A., 1865; Adjunct Professor of Obstetrics, University 
 of the City of New-York, 1875-80; Professor of Obstet- 
 rics, New-York Polyclinic, 1883-87; Visiting Physi- 
 cian, Bellevue Hospital, 1882-93; Medical Director, 
 Mutual Life Insurance Co., since 1874. Author of 
 "Report of Lying-in Service, Charity Hospital, New- 
 York City," 1877; "Narcotic Effects of Morphine in
 
 2o6 Ah Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 the New-born Child when Administered to the Mother 
 in Labor," 1877; ''A New Operation for the Cure of 
 Kectoccle and Cystocclc," 1877 ; "A Case of Laparo- 
 clytrotomy," 1880; "A Postural Method of Copulation 
 for the Cure of Some Forms of Sterility in the Female," 
 1880. 
 
 General Medicine, Obstetrics and Diseases of 
 Women : 24 West 40th street, New-York City. 
 
 GiRDNER, John Harvey, . 4th Surgical Division, 1880, II. 
 
 A. B., Tusculum College (Tenn.), 1886; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1879; attended 
 clinics in England, 188 1 ; Assistant Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy, University of the City of New-York, 1880-81 ; 
 Assistant Physician, New-York City Asylum for the In- 
 sane, 1884-86; Instructor in Surgery, New-York Post- 
 graduate School and Hospital, since 1887. Author 
 of "Skin-Grafting," Med, Gaz., May 29, 1880; "Two 
 Cases of Gangrene, Successfully Treated with Hot 
 Water," idem, Sept. 11, 1880; "Chloroform Narcosis 
 During Sleep, Five Experiments," N. Y. Med. Rec. , 
 Apr. 28, 1883; ditto, "Eighteen Experiments," idem, 
 Oct. 27, 1883 ; " Skin-Grafting with Grafts taken from 
 the Dead Subject," idem, July 23, 188 1 ; " Fracture of 
 the Radius in the Cadaver Experiments," idem, Feb. 
 10, 1881 ; "The Telephonic Bullet Probe," idem, Feb. 
 4, 1888; "On the Detection and Location of Metallic 
 Masses in the Human Body by the Induction Balance 
 and the Telephonic Probe," N. Y. Med. Jour., April 9, 
 1887 ; "Abnormal Frangibility, Delayed and Non-union 
 of Fractures of Long Bones in General Paresis of the 
 Insane," Ann. Surg., July, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 31 West 38th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Glass,* Robert George, . 2d Surgical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1873; in practice in New- York 
 City, 1875-77. Died May 7, 1877; cause, pulmonary 
 tuberculosis. 
 
 Glisan, Clarence, 2d Surgical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1887; M. D. Columbia, 1890. 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Portland, Ore.
 
 Internes. 207 
 
 GODDARD,* Charles E., . . 3d Surgical Division, i860, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1859; 
 First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 1861-65; with Hooker's Division, 1861 ; Army of the 
 Potomac, 1862; hospitals in Washington and in Beau- 
 fort, S. C, 1863-64; Captain and Brevet-Major, for 
 faithful and meritorious services, 1865 ; Captain and 
 Assistant Surgeon, 1866-68; Major and Surgeon, 1868. 
 Died in Fort Yates, Dakota Ter., January 4, 1886; 
 cause, apoplexy. 
 
 GOLDTHWAITE, Henry, ... 2d Medical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, i860; M. D., Bellevue, 1876; As- 
 sistant to the Chair of Physiology, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, 1876-79; Instructor in Obstetrics, 
 Materia Medica, and Therapeutics, and in Physiology, 
 spring term, since 1878; Visiting Physician, City (late 
 Charity) Hospital, New-York City, since 1878 ; Assistant 
 Surgeon, Woman's Hospital of the State of New-York, 
 1878; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of Women, resigned ; Assistant Curator, 
 Bellevue Hospital, resigned. 
 
 General Medicine : Fifth Avenue Hotel, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Gorgas, William C., . . . .2d Surgical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 A. B., University of the South (Sewanee, Tenn.), 
 1875; M. D., Bellevue, 1879; First Lieutenant and 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1880-85 ; Captain and 
 Assistant Surgeon since 1885. 
 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A. ; care Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Gorton, William Arthur, ist Medical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1876; 
 Assistant Physician, N. Y. State Asylum for Insane 
 Criminals, 1878-82; Assistant Physician, Danvers 
 (Mass.) Lunatic Hospital, 1882-86; Superintendent 
 and Physician, 1886-89; Butler Hospital for the Insane, 
 Providence, R. I., since 1889. Author of "A Case of 
 Monomania," Bost. Med. & Surg. Jour., Aug. 7, 1884; 
 "Two Cases of Chronic Alcoholism," zViVw, Mch. 3, 1887.
 
 2o8 A?i Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Coopcrstown, N. 
 Y., 1877-78; Auburn, N. Y., 1878-82; Danvers, 
 Mass., 1882-89; and Providence, R. I., since 1889. 
 Diseases of the Ner\ous System : Providence, R. I. 
 
 Gould, Frederic Saltonstall, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1875 ; M, D., University of the City 
 of New-York, 1878 ; Assistant Surgeon, New-York 
 Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1881-83; retired on account 
 of ill health since 1883. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, New-York City ; Santa Barbara, Cal. 
 
 Address : Santa Barbara, Cal. 
 
 GouLEY, John William Severin, 
 
 1st Medical Division, 1854, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1853; 
 Demonstrator of Anatomy, Vermont Medical College, 
 1855; Professor of General, Descriptive, and Surgical 
 Anatomy, 1856; Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, 
 University of the City of New-York, 1854-57; Demon- 
 strator, 1859-61 ; Adjunct Professor, 1864-66; Professor 
 of Clinical Surgery and Diseases of the Genito-urin- 
 ary Organs, 1867-71, and 1876-85 ; Curator, Wood 
 Museum, Bellevue Hospital, 1855-59; Visiting Sur- 
 geon, Bellevue Hospital, since 1859; St. Vincent's 
 Hospital, 1865-68; Consulting Surgeon since 1891 ; 
 Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled since 1888; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1861-64; in charge of Cen- 
 tral Park Hospital, 1863-64. Author of " Diseases 
 of the Urinary Organs," 1873; " Diseases of Man, etc.," 
 J. H. Vail & Co., 1888; and various articles in medical 
 journals. 
 
 General Medicine : 324 Madison Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Graham, Alexander Campbell, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1870, I. 
 
 Graduated at Hughes' High School, Cincinnati, O., 
 1864; M. D., Bellevue, 1869. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, New-York City ; Dallas, Texas. 
 
 General Medicine : Dallas, Texas.
 
 Internes. 209 
 
 Graham, John Alexander, 2d Surgical Division, i860, I. 
 
 Attended Washington College, Lexington, Va. ; M. 
 D. , University of Virginia, 1857; Jefferson, 1858; 
 University of the City of New- York, 1859; Surgeon, 
 42d Virginia Regiment, C. S. A., 1861-64; Medical 
 Directorof Artillery, Army of Northern Virginia, 1864- 
 1865 ; Surgeon, Virginia Military Institute, since 1879. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Lexington, Va. 
 
 GRAY,t William W., .... 3d Surgical Division, i8g2, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. B. S., Dickinson 
 Seminary, 1886; M. D., Bellevue, 1890. 
 Address: Philadelphia, Penn. 
 
 Greene,* Robert Warren, . 3d Medical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 A. B., Brown, 1884; A. M., 1888; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1887; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispen- 
 sary, Genito-urinary Diseases, 1889-92; Clinical As- 
 sistant to the Chair of the Principles and Practice of 
 Medicine, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1889-92; 
 Chair of Genito-urinary Surgery, 1890-92. Born in 
 Augusta, Ga., April 20, i860 ; died in New-York City, 
 October 29, 1892; cause, pulmonary embolism and 
 thrombosis. 
 
 Gridley,* Horatio Wells, . . Medical Division, i8ji, I. 
 
 Died while House Physician. A. B., Yale, 1847 ; A. 
 M., 1850; M. D., 1850. Born in 1827; died in Belle- 
 vue Hospital, March, 1851; cause, typhus fever, con- 
 tracted while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Griffith, Jefferson Davis, 3d Surgical Division, 1873, 11. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1871 ; 
 Professor of Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Kansas 
 City Medical College, 1876-90; Principles and Practice of 
 Surgery and Clinical Surgery, and Dean of the Faculty, 
 since 1890. 
 
 General Surgery : Ninth street and Grand Avenue, 
 Kansas City, Mo. 
 
 Grimke, Thomas S., . . . . 4th Medical Division, i860, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1859; 
 Assistant Surgeon, C. S. A., 1861-65 ; Acting Assistant
 
 2IO A 71 Account of Be I lev it c Hospital. 
 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., 1865; Health Officer, District No. 
 8, Charleston, S. C, 1878-79. 
 
 General Medicine: 68 Columbus street, Charleston, 
 S. C. 
 
 GRINNELL,t Morton, . . . . ?^ Surgical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. A. B., Yale, 1875 ; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1881; at General Hospital, \'ienna, 
 1882; Gottingen, 1882; Assistant in Surgery, New- 
 York Polyclinic, 1883 ; Attending Surgeon, New- 
 York Dispensary, 1883; Demilt Dispensary, 1883-89; 
 Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, 1883-92 ; Clinical Assistant to the 
 Chair of Surgery since 1885 ; Surgeon, New-York City 
 Police Department, since 1887; Visiting Surgeon, 
 City (late Charity) Hospital, since 1890. 
 
 General Surgery : Audubon Park, West 157th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 GriswoLD, Frederic P., . 4th Medical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1876; at New-York Polyclinic, 
 1884. Residence since leaving the hospital, Guilford, 
 Conn., 1877-83; and Meriden, Conn., since 1884. 
 
 General Medicine: 481 Broad street, Meriden, Conn. 
 
 GriSWOLD,* Gaspar, .... 3d Medical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1876; A. M., 1880; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1879; M. R. C. S., Lond., 1883; Attending 
 Physician, New-York Hospital Dispensary, 1880-83; 
 Clinical Assistant, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
 Diseases of the Mind and Nervous System, 1880-86; 
 Instructor in the spring term, 1884-86; Demonstrator 
 of Anatomy, 1884-86. Author of " Intravenous Injec- 
 tion of Ammonia," N. Y. Med. Rec, June, 1879; 
 " Pilocarpine in Intermittent Fever," idem, Aug., 1879. 
 Born in New-York City, 1857 ; died in New-York City, 
 March 4, 1886; cause, appendicitis, perforation, acute 
 general peritonitis. 
 
 GUTSCH, Otto John, .... 2d Surgical Division, 1887, II. 
 
 A. B., Northwestern German Reformed Seminary 
 and College, Sheboygan, Wis., 1882; M. D., Colum-
 
 Internes. 211 
 
 bia, 1886; Health Officer and City Physician, Sheboy- 
 gan, since 1889. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 731 Eighth street, 
 Sheboygan, Wis. 
 
 GWATHMEY, LOMAX, .... 4th Medical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 M. D., University of Virginia, 1889; Columbia, 1890. 
 General Medicine : 26 Bute street, Norfolk, Va. 
 
 GWYER, Fred. Walker, . . ist Surgical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1883; 
 at General Hospital, Hamburg, and Das Charitie, Ber- 
 lin, 1889; Assistant Surgeon, 71st Regiment, N. G. S. 
 N. Y., 1885-87; Attending Surgeon, University Dis- 
 pensary, 1885-88; Bellevue Hospital Dispensary since 
 1888; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital, 
 1888-91 ; Visiting Surgeon since 1891 ; Chambers Street 
 Hospital since 1888; Lecturer on Anatomy, University 
 of the City of New- York, 1885-88; on Surgery, 1888- 
 1890; Professor of Operative and Clinical Surgery 
 since 1890. 
 
 General Surgery: 332 Lexington Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Haase, Charles F. W., . . 4th Medical Division, 1858, L 
 
 At the Gymnasium of Zittau, Saxony, 1840-42; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1857; Assistant 
 Attending Physician, Eastern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Heart and Lungs and of Children, 1860-64; Surgeon, 
 5th Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1861-64. 
 
 General Medicine : 794 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 Hadden, Alexander, ... 3d Medical Division, i860, II. 
 
 A. B., Union, 1856; A. M., 1890; LL. D., Bellevue 
 College, Omaha, Neb., 1890; M. D., College of Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons, 1859; Resident Physician, Nursery 
 and Child's Hospital, 1861-65 '■> House Physician, 
 Northeastern Dispensary, 1S62-66; Attending Physi- 
 cian, General Medicine, 1866-70; Visiting Physician, 
 Presbyterian Hospital, 1872-85. Author of "The 
 Treatment of Opium Poisoning," N. Y. Med. Jour., 
 i860; Phys. Bull. Med.-Leg. Soc, 1880; "Advantages
 
 212 A /I Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 of the Knee Chest Position in the Parturient Woman, 
 in Reducing the Prolapsed Arm and Shoulder," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, 1865; "The Treatment of Sub-acute and 
 Chronic Gout by a New Method," idem, 1880; "Rheu- 
 matoid Osteo-arthritis," Trans. N. Y. State Med. Soc, 
 1886 ; " Dilatation of Urethral Stricture by Water Pres- 
 sure," N. Y. Med. Rcc, July, 1877. 
 
 General Medicine: 155 East 51st street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Hagerty, John Francis, . . ist Surgical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 At Rutgers College; M. D., University of the City 
 of New-York, 1892. 
 
 Address: New Brunswick, N. J. 
 
 Hall.* Theodore Francis,! ist Surgical Division, 18^6, 1. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. A. B., Union, 
 1850; M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
 1855; in practice in Rochester, N. Y., 1855-62; Sur- 
 geon, 140th Regiment, New- York Volunteers, 1862; 
 discharged on account of ill health, 1863 ; in practice in 
 Rochester, 1863-69. Born in Whitehall, N. Y., October 
 20, 1827; died in Rochester, N. Y., March 5, 1869; 
 cause, acute articular rheumatism, pleuritis. 
 
 Halsted, William Stewart, 
 
 4th Surgical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1874; M. D., Columbia, 1877; House 
 Physician, New-York Hospital, 1878; Visiting Phy- 
 sician, Charity Hospital, 1881 ; Visiting Surgeon, 
 Bellevue Hospital, 1883-87; Presbyterian Hospital, 
 1885 ; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital, 
 1882-86; Consulting Surgeon, New-York State Emi- 
 grants' Hospital, 1883-86; Attending Surgeon, Roose- 
 velt Hospital Dispensary, 1882-86; Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy, Columbia, 1882-85 ; Surgeon, Johns Hop- 
 kins Hospital, Baltimore, Md., since 1888; Associate 
 Professor of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, since 
 1888. Author of " Refusion in the Treatment of Car- 
 bonic-oxide Poisoning," 1884; "Effects of Abduction 
 and Adduction on the Length of the Limb in Fractures 
 of the Neck of the Femur," 1884; "Circular Suture of 
 the Intestines — an Experimental Study," 1887. Resi-
 
 hiterjies. 2 1 3 
 
 dence since leaving the hospital, New-York City and 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 General Surgery: Johns Hopkins Hospital, Balti- 
 more, Md. 
 
 Hamilton,* William Abbott, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1878, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1868; M. D., Columbia, 1876; in practice 
 in Saratoga Springs, N. Y., 1878-79; in Minneapolis, 
 Minn., 1879-81 ; Attending Physician, Free Dispen- 
 sary, Minneapolis, 1881; Secretary, Hennepin County 
 (Minn.) Medical Society, 1881. Born in Chicago, 111., 
 August 3 1, 1847; died suddenly in Minneapolis, Minn., 
 October 22, 1881 ; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis, 
 hemorrhage. 
 
 Hamlen, George D., . . . 2d Medical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 A. B., Wesleyan, 1888; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1890; Attending Physician, Dis- 
 eases of Children, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, since 
 1892. 
 
 General Medicine : 159 Lexington Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Hammond,* George Henry,^ 2d Surgical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 Died while Junior Assistant. A. B., Wesleyan, 1877; 
 M. D., Yale, 1879; University of the City of New-York, 
 1880. Died in Bellevue Hospital, May 18, 1881, aged 
 twenty-five years ; cause, purulent synovitis of the knee- 
 joint, septicaemia. 
 
 Hardaway,* George S., . . 3d Medical Division, 1858, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1857. 
 Reported to have died in Columbus, Ga., in 1869; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Hardenbergh, Daniel Bailey, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1893, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1888; M. D., Columbia, 1891. 
 Address : care Delta Kappa Epsilon Club, 435 Fifth 
 Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 iThis name is erroneously inscribed on the memorial tablet in the hospital, 
 John Henry Hammond.
 
 214 ^^'^ Account of Dellcviie Hospital. 
 
 Harlan,* Benjamin Joseph, 2d Surgical Division, 1875, I. 
 
 A. B., University of Kentucky, 1871; M. D.,BelIcvue, 
 1874; in practice in Columbia, Tenn., 1875-89. Born 
 near Columbia, Tenn., October 25, 1848 ; died in New- 
 York City, May 25, 1889; cause, carcinoma of sig- 
 moid flexure, acute obstruction, peritonitis, inguinal 
 colostomy. 
 
 Harrison, William Gilpin, 4th Medical Division, 1866. I. 
 
 A. B., College of St. James, Maryland, 1861 ; A. M., 
 1864; M. D., Bellevue, 1864; attended Johns Hopkins 
 University, 1876; Visiting Physician, Church Home 
 and Infirmary, 1867-77 ; Home of the Friendless, 1870- 
 1877; Baltimore Special Dispensary, Diseases of Chest 
 and Abdominal Organs, 1867-80. 
 
 General Medicine : 26 Mount Vernon Place, Balti- 
 more, Md. 
 
 Hartley, Frank, 2d Surgical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 a. B., Princeton, 1877; M. D., Columbia, 1880; at 
 Anatomical Institute, Leipsic, 1881 ; Heidelberg, 1882 ; 
 General Hospital, Vienna, 1882-83; Surgical Clinic, 
 Vienna, 1882-83; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, Roose- 
 velt Hospital, since 1885 ; Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital, 1887-92 ; New- York Cancer Hospital since 
 1889; New-York Hospital since 1892; Demonstrator 
 of Anatomy, Columbia, 1883-88; Instructor in Opera- 
 tive Surgery, and Clinical Lecturer upon Surgery, since 
 1891. 
 
 General Surgery: 7 West 31st street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 Hasbrouck,'^ S. C.,+ 1864, I. 
 
 Probably resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D. 
 
 Hawthorn,* Frank, t , , . ist Surgical Division, 1S60, I. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. M. D., University of 
 the City of New- York, 1859; Resident Physician, Nur- 
 sery and Child's Hospital, New-York City, i860; Pri- 
 vate in the ist Regiment, Alabama Infantry, C. S. A., 
 1861-62 ; Assistant Surgeon, 1862 ; Surgeon, 1862-65 ; 
 Professor of Chemistry, New Orleans (La.) School of 
 Medicine, 1866-67; Professor pro tempore of Materia
 
 Internes. 2 1 5 
 
 Medica and Therapeutics, 1867-68; Professor, 1868- 
 1874; Professor of Obstetrics, University of Louisiana 
 (now the Tulane University), 1874-76. Residence 
 after leaving the hospital, Wilcox County, Ala., and 
 New Orleans, La. Born in Conecuh County, Ala., 
 September 20, 1835; died in New Orleans, La., Feb- 
 ruary 24, 1876; cause, chronic nephritis. 
 
 Haynes, Irving Samuel, . . ist Surgical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 Ph. B., Wesleyan, 1885; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1887; Attending Surgeon, Cham- 
 bers Street Hospital Dispensary, New-York City, 1888- 
 1890 ; Visiting Physician, Hebrew Sheltering Guardian 
 Orphan Asylum, since 1889; Demonstrator of Anat- 
 omy, University of the City of New- York, since 1889; 
 Assistant Surgeon, New-York Orthopaedic Dispensary 
 and Hospital, since 1891. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 316 East 86th street. 
 New- York City. 
 
 HAZLETON,t William French, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, iS8j, II. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. M. D., Columbia, 
 
 1884. 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Springfield, Vt. 
 
 Hebersmith,* Ernest,! 1862, II 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., on U. S. 
 S. Monticello, 1861, disabled; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 N., on U. S. Gunboat Itasca, 1862-65; Surgeon, U. 
 S. H. M. S., at New Orleans, New-York, and San 
 Francisco, 1865-80; in practice, Brooklyn, N. Y., sub- 
 sequently. Born in Renssaelerville, N. Y., January 
 20, 1840; died in Brooklyn, N. Y., March 11, 1888; 
 cause, acute lobar pneumonia. Brother of Orsamus 
 Smith (1863, L), and while in the hospital was known 
 by the name of Heber Smith. 
 
 Heinmuller,* Robert John, 2d Medical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1875; 
 Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary,
 
 2i6 A fi Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Diseases of Children ; Sanitary Inspector, New-York 
 City Health Department, 1881-84. Born in New-York 
 City in 1855 ; died suddenly in New-York City, August 
 30, 1884. 
 
 Henkel, Haller H ist Surgical Division, 1880, II. 
 
 A. M., Polytechnic Institute, Newmarket, Va., 1873 ; 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1878; 
 Surgeon, B. & O. R. R., since 1886; C. & O. R. R., 
 since 1886; Member, Board of Health, Staunton, Va., 
 since 1886; Medical Director, Equity Life Association, 
 since 1887. 
 
 General Medicine and .Surgery: Staunton, Va. 
 
 Herman, Henry, 3d Medical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1879; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1883. 
 
 General Medicine: 627 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 HERTER.t Christian Archibald, 
 
 ist Medical Division, 188"/, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1885; at Johns Hopkins University, 1886-87 ; Univer- 
 sity of Zurich, 1887-88; Attending Neurologist, New- 
 York Orthopaedic Dispensary and Hospital, 1888-89; 
 Attending Physician, Presbyterian Hospital Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of the Nervous System, since 1888. 
 Translator of " Bernheim's Suggestive Therapeutics," 
 1889. Author of "A Study of Experimental Myelitis," 
 1889; "The Pathology of Solitary Tubercle of Spinal 
 Cord," 1890. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 Baltimore, Md., and New-York City. 
 
 Diseases of the Nervous System : 839 Madison 
 Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Hicks, Joseph L.vwrenxe, . ist Medical Division, 1861, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, i860; Surgeon, ist Regiment, 
 New- York Volunteers, 1861 ; Post-surgeon, General 
 Hospital, Newport News, 1861 ; disabled in 1861 ; At- 
 tending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of the 
 Skin, 1862-63; Visiting Physician, Patriot Orphan 
 Home, Flushing, N, Y. Author of various articles in
 
 Internes. 217 
 
 medical journals. Residence since leaving the hos- • 
 pital, New-York City, 1861-63; and Flushing, N. Y., 
 since 1863. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Flushing, N. Y. 
 
 Hills, John Marshall, . . 4th Medical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1873 ; Attending Physician, North- 
 western Dispensary, Diseases of Women, 1876; Clini- 
 cal Assistant, Chair of Obstetrics and Diseases of 
 Women, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1875-80; 
 Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Women, 1876-80; in practice, New-York 
 City, 1875-82. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 New-York City, 1875-84; Newburyport, Mass., and 
 Kittrell, N. C. 
 
 Retired: Hotel St. Marc, Fifth Avenue and 39th 
 street, New-York City. 
 
 HiMES, Isaac Newton, . . ist Surgical Division, 1857, II. 
 
 A. B., Jefferson College (now Washington and Jef- 
 ferson), 1853; A. M., 1856; M. D., College of Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons, 1856; at Vienna, Berlin, and 
 Paris, 1865-66; Assistant Resident Physician, Infants' 
 Hospital, Randall's Island, New-York City, 1858 and 
 1860-61 ; Assistant Surgeon, 73d Regiment, Ohio Vol- 
 unteers, 1861 ; Surgeon, 1862-65 ; Professor of Anat- 
 omy, Cleveland Medical College (Western Reserve 
 University), 1864-71; Professor of Physiology, 1871- 
 1881 ; Professor of Pathology since 1881. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Shippensburg, Penn. ; Chilli- 
 cothe, O. ; San Francisco, Cal. ; and Cleveland, O. 
 
 General Medicine : 603 Prospect street, Cleveland, O. 
 
 HiNE,* Raphael Franklin, 4th Medical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 M. D., University of -the City of New-York, 1875; 
 in practice in Costa Rica, Central America, until his 
 death, which occurred a few years ago in or near San 
 Jose, Costa Rica, 
 
 Hitchcock,* Homer Owen, 3d Medical Division, 1856, II. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1851 ; A. M., 1854; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1855; Surgeon, Board 
 of Enrolment, 2d District of Michigan, 1862-65; Acting
 
 2i8 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1864-65 ; Examining Sur- 
 geon, U. S. Pension Bureau, 1862-86; President, Mich- 
 igan State Medical Society, 1872; Member, Michigan 
 State Board of Health, 1873-80; President, 1873-76. 
 Author of " Death from Air in the Veins," Trans. Amer. 
 Med. Assoc, 1864; "Modern Medicine: its Status in 
 Modern Society," President's Address, Trans. Mich. State 
 Med. Soc, 1874; " Entailments of Alcohol : Heredity 
 in its Relation to Public Health," Repts. Mich. State 
 Bd. Health, 1876 & 1877, Born in Westminster, Vt., 
 January 28, 1827; died in Kalamazoo, Mich., Decem- 
 ber 7, 1888; cause, chronic meningitis. Cousin of 
 Henry M. Silver (1876, II.) and Lewis M. Silver 
 (1887, I.). 
 
 HOCHIIEIMER, Emanuel, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1872; B. S., 
 1883; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1877 ; Visiting Physician, Montefiore Home for Chronic 
 Invalids, New-York City, 1886-88; Yonkers (N. Y.) 
 Home for Aged and Infirm since 1885. 
 
 General Medicine : 224 East 72d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 HoLLlSTER, Frank Canfield, 4th Medical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 At Williston, 1882-85; M. D., Bellevue, 1890. 
 General Medicine: 226 West 75th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Holt, Luther Emmett, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 A. B., University of Rochester (N. Y.), 1875; A. M., 
 1878; M. D., Columbia, 1880; Attending Physician, 
 New-York Dispensary, Diseases of Chest, 1882 ; North- 
 western Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1881-88; 
 Visiting Physician, New-York Infant Asylum, since 
 1885; Babies' Hospital since 1890; Consulting Physi- 
 cian, Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, since 1888. 
 Author of "Aneurism of the Brachial Artery, Cured 
 by Compression," 1882 ; "The Symptoms and Diagno- 
 sis of Malaria in Children," 1883; "Case of Tetanus 
 Neonatorum Cured by Potassium Bromide," 1883; 
 " Pneumonia in Young Children," 1885 ; " The Treat- 
 ment of Empyema in Children," 1887; "Report of
 
 Inter7ies. 219 
 
 Four Cases of Spina-bifida," 1887; "The Antiseptic 
 Treatment of Summer Diarrhea," 1887; "Primary- 
 Nephritis in Infancy," 1887; "Diarrheal Diseases," 
 Keating's Cyclop. Dis. Child., 1890; ''Obscure Nasal 
 Diphtheria," 1890; "Observations on the Capacity of 
 the Stomach in Infancy," 1890; and various cases in 
 Repts. N. Y. Path. Soc. 
 
 General Medicine: 15 East 54th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Hope, George Bevan, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1869; A. M., 1872; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1875 ; Assistant Surgeon, Metropolitan Throat 
 Hospital, 1877-85; Surgeon since 1885; Associate 
 Professor of Diseases of the Nose and Throat, New- 
 York Post-graduate Medical School, 1885-87; Pro- 
 fessor of Diseases of the Throat, University of Vermont, 
 since 1886. Author of "A Case of Complete Cicatri- 
 cial Adhesion of the Velum Palati, following Extensive 
 Ulceration of Congenital Syphilis, and Operation for its 
 Relief," Quart. Bull. Clin. Soc. N. Y., Oct., 1886; "A 
 Modified Operation in Laryngeal Stenosis from Paraly- 
 sis of Abductors," N. Y. Med. Jour., Nov., 1886; 
 Tracheal Ozaena, 1889. 
 
 Diseases of the Throat and Nose: 34 West 51st 
 street, New-York City. 
 
 HoTCHKiss, Lucius Wales, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1885, II., & 1886, I. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1881 ; M. D., 1884; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, New-York Orthopaedic Dispensary and Hospital, 
 1886; Assistant Attending Physician, Demilt Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of the Nose and Throat, 18S6; Atten- 
 ding Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 1886-87 '■> 
 Assistant Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, 
 since 1886; New- York Skin and Cancer Hospital, 
 1888-89; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue Hospi- 
 tal, since 1889; Lecturer on Anatomy, Woman's Medi- 
 cal College of the New- York Infirmary, 1889-90; 
 Professor since 1890; Assistant Demonstrator of Anat- 
 omy, Columbia, since 1890; Visiting Surgeon, New- 
 York Colored Home and Hospital, 1891. 
 
 General Surgery : 5 East 41st street, New-York City.
 
 2 20 A 71 A f count of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Hough. Garry de Neuville, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1885, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1881 ; M. D., Bellevue, 1884; Cen- 
 sor, Bristol (Mass.) South District Medical Society, 
 1886; Visiting Surgeon, St. Luke's Hospital, New 
 Bedford, Mass., since 1886; Secretary and Treasurer, 
 Society for Medical Improvement, 1887-88; Vice- 
 president, 1889; President, 1890. Author of " Treat- 
 ment of Abscesses," N. Y. Med. Jour., 1887. 
 
 General Medicine : 95 Elm street, New Bedford, 
 Mass. 
 
 Houghton, Hezekiah Seymour, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1887, II. 
 
 B. S., Amherst, 1883; A. M., 1886; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1886; at General Hospital, Vienna, 1888; Munich, 
 1888; Attending Surgeon, Northern Dispensary, New- 
 York City, 1889-91 ; Attending Physician, Diseases of 
 Children, since 1891. Residence since leaving the hos- 
 pital, Monmouth Beach, N. J., and New-York City. 
 
 General Medicine : 301 West 88th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Howard,^ F. H.,t /<5'(5?, //. 
 
 Probably resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D. 
 
 Howe,* John, Jr., .... 4th Medical Division, i860, II. 
 
 A. B., New-York Free Academy, 1856; A. M., 1859; 
 M. D., New-York Medical College, 1859; Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. Volunteers, 1861-65; Acting Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., at David's Island, Trenton, Staten 
 Island, and on board U. S. Transport, 5. R. Spaulding, 
 1861-65; iri practice in New-York City, 1865-76. 
 Born in New-York City, 1838; died suddenly in New- 
 York City, August II, 1876; cause, basilar meningitis. 
 
 Howe,* Joseph William, . 3d Surgical Division, 1867, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1866; 
 Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 1868; Deputy Coroner, New-York City, 1868; Sur- 
 geon, New-York City Police Department, 1872; Visit-
 
 Internes. 221 
 
 ing Surgeon, Charity Hospital, 1872-89; Consulting 
 Surgeon, 1889-90; Visiting Surgeon, St. Francis' Hos- 
 pital, 1875-90; Lecturer on Clinical Surgery, University 
 of the City of New-York, 1868-72; Professor, 1872-79; 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1879-83, Author 
 of " Emergencies and How to Treat Them," D. A. & 
 Co., 1st ed., 1873; 3d ed., 1881 ; "The Breath and 
 the Diseases which Give it a Fetid Odor," D. A. & Co., 
 1875; "Winter Homes for Invalids," G. P. Putnam's 
 Sons, 1875; "Excessive Venery, Masturbation, and 
 Incontinence," Birmingham & Co., 1884. Born in 
 Chatham, N. B., September 30, 1843; died on board 
 S. S. Umbria on the way to England, June 7, 1890; 
 cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 Howell, John T., 2d Surgical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1884. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 205 Grand street, 
 Newburgh, N. Y. 
 
 Hubbard, Le Roy Watkins, ist Surgical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1879; A. M., 1882; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1883 ; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, New-York Orthopedic Dispensary and Hospital, 
 1884-86; Senior Assistant Surgeon since 1887; Lec- 
 turer on Surgery, University of the City of New-York, 
 1885-88; Vice-president, Society of the Alumni of 
 Bellevue Hospital, 1887-88; Physician, House of Re- 
 ception, New- York Juvenile Asylum, since 1891. 
 Author of " Congenital Dislocations of the Hip," Keat- 
 ing's Cyclop. Dis. Child., 1890; S. Ketch and H., Vol. 
 Ill, p. 945 ; various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery: 161 
 West 23d street, New-York City. 
 
 Hubbard, S. Dana, Jr., . 3rd Surgical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 At University of Alabama, 1885-86; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1891 ; Interne, Riverside Hospital (for contagious 
 diseases), North Brother Island, New-York City, 
 1892-93. 
 
 Address: 619 South Perry street, Montgomery, Ala.
 
 2 22 A?i- Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Hubbard,* W'iijjam Hustace, 
 
 ^th Medical Division, i8Sj, II. 
 
 Died while Junior Assistant. A. B. , Columbia, 1880; 
 M. D., 1883. Born in New- York City, March 24, 
 1859; died in New- York City, May 29, 1884; cause, 
 typhoid fever, contracted while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Hubbard, William Norris, 
 
 1st Medical Division, 1887, H-. & 1888, I. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1883; A. M., 1887; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1886; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, General Medicine, since 1888 ; Assistant Phy- 
 sician, Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin, 1888; 
 Assistant Instructor, Diseases of the Chest and General 
 Medicine, New-York Polyclinic, 1888-89; Instructor 
 since 1889; Secretary, Society of the Alumni of Belle- 
 vue Hospital, since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine : 7 East 41st street, New-York City. 
 
 Hudson,* Erasmus Darwin, 2d Surgical Division, 1868, H. 
 
 A. B., New-York Free Academy, 1864; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1867; Sanitary Inspector, New-York City 
 Health Department, 1869-70; Attending Physician, 
 Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 1870; Northwestern Dis- 
 pensary, 1870-72 ; Trinity Chapel Parish and Trinity 
 Home, 1870-75 ; Professor of the Principles and Practice 
 of Medicine, Woman's Medical College of the New-York 
 Infirmary, 1874; Professor of General Medicine and 
 Diseases of the Chest, New-York Polyclinic, 1884-87; 
 Visiting Physician, Bellevue Hospital, 1884-87; St. 
 Elizabeth's Hospital, 1884-87; Secretary of the Sec- 
 tion on Theory and Practice of Medicine, New-York 
 Academy of Medicine, 1886-87; Chairman, 1887. 
 Author of " Pulse and Respiration of Infants," El- 
 liot's Pittsb. Clinic, 1872; a monograph on "The Pre- 
 vention and Early Arrest of Pulmonary Phthisis ; Phy- 
 sical Examination of Weak Chests and the Differential 
 Diagnosis of Several Early Forms of Phthisis " ; " The 
 Essentials of the Physical Diagnosis of Thoracic Dis- 
 eases." 
 
 Born in Northampton, Mass., November 10, 1843; 
 died in New-York City, May 9, 1887; cause, acute 
 lobar pneumonia.
 
 I7tt ernes. 223 
 
 Hunt,* Eben, ...... ist Medical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 Died while Junior Assistant. A. B., Dartmouth, 
 1870; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1879; Professor of Ancient Languages, Yonkers (N. 
 Y. ) Academy, 1870-73 ; Lecturer on Chemistry, Ches- 
 ter (Penn.) MiUtary Academy, 1873-77; Instructor in 
 Greek, University of the City of New-York, 1877-79. 
 
 Born in New Hampshire, 1845 ; died in New- York 
 City, September 3, 1880; cause, diphtheria, contracted 
 while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Hunt,* James Halsey, . . ist Surgical Division, 1874, H. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1872; Surgeon, N. Y. L. E. & W. 
 R. R., 1888-92; Visiting Surgeon, Hunt Memorial 
 Hospital, Port Jervis, N. Y., 1888-92. Born in Center- 
 ville, N. J., August 9, 1849; died in Salt Lake City, U. 
 T., December 20, 1892 ; cause, paresis due to over ex- 
 • ertion and exposure. 
 
 Hunt, John Wesley, . . .ist Surgical Division, i860, H. 
 
 At Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, Lima, N. Y., 1850- 
 1853; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1859; Surgeon, loth Regt., N. Y, Volunteers, 1861- 
 1862; Surgeon, U. S. Volunteers, May i, 1862-; in 
 charge Mill Creek General Hospital, May to September, 
 1862; disabled, December, 1862, and honorably dis- 
 charged; Visiting Surgeon, City Hospital, Jersey City, 
 N. J., 1868-86; Hudson County Church Hospital and 
 Home (now Christ Hospital), Jersey City, 1873-79. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Jersey City, N. J., 
 1863-89; Los Angeles, Cal., since 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 135 South Grand Avenue, Los 
 Angeles, Cal. 
 
 HuRD,t Arthur Willl\m, . 2d Surgical Division, 188^, I. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. A. B., Knox Col- 
 lege, Galesburg, 111., 1880; A. M., 1883; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1883; at General Hospital, Vienna, 1884-85; 
 and at hospital, London, 1884-85 ; Interne Workhouse 
 and Almshouse Hospitals, New-York City, 1883; Sec- 
 ond Assistant Physician, Buffalo State Asylum for the 
 Insane, 1885-86; First Assistant Physician since 1889.
 
 2 24 ^^^ Accou7it of BcUevjic Hospital. 
 
 Author of "Sudden Coma," Med. Press, West. N. Y., 
 1887; " Paranoia," Buff. Med. & Surg. Jour., 1887. 
 
 Mental Diseases: Buffalo State Hospital, Buffalo, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Hv.sLOP,* William, t Medical Division, iSj2, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior or Senior Assistant. A. B., 
 Union, 1849; M. D., Columbia, 1851 ; in practice in 
 New-York City, 1851-55. Born in Rhinebeck, N. Y., 
 February, 1830; died in New-York City, February 26, 
 1855 ; cause, typhus fever. Brother of James Hyslop, 
 Assistant Resident, 1840-42. 
 
 ISHAM, John Beach, ... 3d Surgical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1869; A. M., 1872; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1873; at University of Heidelberg, 1875-76; Assistant 
 Surgeon, New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Ear De- 
 partment, 1879-80; Eye Department, 1883-87; Visiting 
 Physician, Workhouse and Almshouse Hospitals, N. Y., 
 1887-89; Clinical Assistant, Neurological Department, 
 Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 1885-89; Visiting 
 Surgeon, St. Joseph's Orphan Asylum, 1886-89; Cura- 
 tor, Wood Museum, Bellevue Hospital. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, New-York City, Manitou 
 Springs, and Colorado Springs, Col., and Pasadena, 
 Cal. 
 
 General Medicine : 66 North Euclid Avenue, Pasa- 
 dena, Cal. 
 
 ISHAM,t Ralph N., . . . . ist Medical Division, iSjj, II. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Physician. A. M., 
 Northwestern University, 1880; M. D., University of 
 the City of New-York, 1854; Surgeon, U. S. Marine 
 and Military Hospital, Chicago, 111., 1861-65, and U. 
 S. Marine Hospital, 1872-76; \'isiting Surgeon, Cook 
 County (111.) Hospital, 1880-84; Emergency Hospital 
 since 1885; Consulting Surgeon, Presbyterian Hospital, 
 since 1884; Professor of Surgical Anatomy and Opera- 
 tive Surgery, Chicago Medical College (Northwestern 
 University), 1859-80; Professor of Theory and Practice 
 of Surgery and Clinical Surgery since 1880. 
 
 General Surgery: 321 Dearborn Avenue, Chicago, 111.
 
 Internes. 225 
 
 Ives,* Charles Linn^us, . ist Medical Division, 1856, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1852; A. M., later; M. D., Jefferson, 
 1854; in practice in New Haven, "Conn. , 1856-62 ; re- 
 siding in Minnesota, on account of ill health, 1862-63; 
 in practice in New Haven, 1863-68; Professor of the 
 Theory and Practice of Medicine, Yale, 1868-73; Vice- 
 president, American Medical Association, 1871-72; 
 abroad, on account of ill health, later. Author of 
 "Prophylaxis of Phthisis Pulmonalis," Trans. Med. 
 Soc. State Conn.; "The Therapeutic Value of Mer- 
 cury and its Preparations," Prize Essay, idem. Born 
 in New Haven, Conn., June 22, 183 1 ; died there 
 March 20, 1879; cause, carcinoma of the rectum, 
 operation for removal, secondary hemorrhage. Rela- 
 tive (brother?) of Levi Ives, Assistant Resident, 1839- 
 1840. 
 
 Jackson,* Arthur Harper, . Medical Division, 185 1, I. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1846; A. M., 1849; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1850; in manufactur- 
 ing business in Middletown, Conn., 1851-69. Born in 
 Philadelphia, Penn., November 7, 1826; died in Mid- 
 dletown, Conn., March 9, 1869; cause, acute lobar 
 pneumonia. 
 
 Jackson, Charles Warren, ist Surgical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1887, 
 General Surgery: 168 West 8ist street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 James, William Malcolm, . ist Medical Division, 1863, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1862. In charge of surgical wards, 
 Island Hospital, 1863-64. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, Trenton, Whitesboro, and Utica, N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 166 Genesee street, 
 Utica, N. Y. 
 
 Janes, Henry, 2d Medical Division, 1856, H. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1855; 
 Surgeon, 3d Regiment, Vermont Volunteers, 1861 ; U. 
 S. Volunteers, 1863; Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, U. S. 
 v., 1865 ; Surgeon-General, N. G. S. V., 1888. Author 
 of "Treatment of Gun-shot Fractures," Trans. Med.
 
 2 26 Aji Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 Soc. State Vt. , 1869; "Some of the Accidents follow- 
 ing Amputation," /V/<w, 1871 ; "Spinal Hemiplegia," 
 Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, 1877; "Non-fatal Penetrating 
 Gun-shot Wounds of the Abdomen, Treated without 
 Laparotomy," Trans. Intern. Med. Cong., 9th Sess., 
 Vol. II, p. 187; "Gun-shot Fractures of the Femur," 
 idem, p. 256. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 Chelsea, Mass., and Waterbury, \'t. 
 
 Diseases of the Nervous System : Waterbury, Vt. 
 
 Janeway, Edward G., . . 3d Medical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, i860; M. D., Columbia, 1864; Act- 
 ing Medical Cadet, U. S. Army Hospital, Newark, 
 N. J., 1862-63; Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1866-92; 
 Visiting Physician, 1872-92; Charity Hospital, 1868-71 ; 
 Chief of Staff, 1870; Visiting Physician, Hospital for 
 Epileptics and Paralytics, 1870-74 ; Mount Sinai 
 Hospital since 1885; Consulting Physician, Presbyte- 
 rian Hospital, since 1886; New- York State Emigrants' 
 Hospital, 1880-89; French Hospital since 1888; Hospi- 
 tals of the New-York City Health Department, 1881-92; 
 Consulting Pathologist, Hospital for Ruptured and 
 Crippled, since 1875 ; Professor of Physiological and 
 Pathological Anatomy, University of the City of New- 
 York, 1871-72; Professor of Pathological Anatomy, 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1872-76; Professor 
 of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, and Diseases of 
 the Nervous System and Clinical Medicine, 1876; Lec- 
 turer on Materia Medica and Therapeutics, 1873-76; 
 Professor of Practical Anatomy (Demonstrator), 
 1876-79; Professor of Diseases of the Ner\'ous System 
 and Clinical Medicine, and Associate Professor of Prin- 
 ciples and Practice of Medicine, 1881-86; Professor of 
 Principles and Practice of Medicine, 1886-92; Vice- 
 president, New- York Pathological Society, 1874; 
 Health Commissioner, New-York City Health De- 
 partment, 1875-81 ; Member of Committee of Confer- 
 ence between the New-York City Health Department 
 and the New-York Academy of Medicine, 1887, and of 
 Advisory Committee, Chamber of Commerce, during 
 cholera outbreak of 1892; Author of "Pathological 
 Report of Autopsies made in Bellevue Hospital," Bell, 
 and Char. Hosp. Repts., D. A. & Co., 1870; " Leuco- 
 cythaemia," N. Y. Med. Rec, 1876; "Clinical Points
 
 Internes. 227 
 
 in the Diagnosisof Hepatic Affections," G. P. P. & Sons 
 (out of print) ; and various other articles in medical 
 journals. 
 
 General Medicine : 36 West 40th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Jarvis, Nathan Sturges, . 3d Surgical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 At Baltimore City College, 1876-79; M. D.,Bellevue, 
 1884; First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 1887-92; Captain and Assistant Surgeon since 1892. 
 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A. : care Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Jenkins, Henry Duncan, . . . Medical Division, 1850, I. 
 
 A. B., Transylvania University, 1848; M. D., 1848; 
 in practice, Lexington, Ky., 1850-53 ; engaged in farm- 
 ing in Coles and Douglas Counties, 111., since 1855 ; has 
 held petty local offices, i. e., Magistrate, Township Su- 
 pervisor, Road Commissioner, etc. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, Lexington, Ky. ; Coles and Doug- 
 las Counties, 111. 
 
 Farmer : Areola, 111. 
 
 Jennings, David D., . . . ist Surgical Division, 1887, II. 
 
 Graduate of Lowell (Mass.) High School, 1883 ; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1886; Atten- 
 ding Surgeon, University Dispensary, 1889; Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary since 1889; Attending Physician, 
 latter. Diseases of Children, since 1889; Clinical Assis- 
 tant to the Chair of Surgery, University of the City of 
 New-York, since 1890; Instructor in Surgery since 
 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 333 East 20th street. 
 New- York City. 
 
 Johnson, Alexander Bryan, 2d Surgical Division, 1887,1. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1882; M. D., Columbia, 1885; in Vi- 
 enna, 1887-88; Assistant Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital 
 Dispensary, since 1888; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, 
 Roosevelt Hospital, since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine: 12 West loth street, New-York 
 City.
 
 2 28 An Accou7it of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 Johnson, Drydex, . . . . ist Medical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 At University of Kentucky, 1874-75 ; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1878 ; \'isiting Physician 
 and Surgeon, Ladies' Relief Home, Denver, Col., 1880- 
 1881 ; Surgeon, D. & R. G. R. R., since 1881. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, Denver, Col. ; Anto- 
 nito, Col. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Antonito, Col. 
 
 Johnson, John George, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1857, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1854; M. D., Columbia, 1857; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, Long Island College Hospital, 1857-58; 
 Surgeon, 1858-61 ; Union Ferry Co. since 1857 ; Sur- 
 geon, Brooklyn (N. Y.) City R. R. Co., since 1861 ; 
 New-York & Brooklyn Bridge since 1883; Prospect 
 Park & Coney Island R. R. Co. from organization till 
 1889; Brooklyn, Flatbush & Coney Island R. R. Co. 
 since organization. Author of " Intra-capsular Frac- 
 tures of Cervix Femoris,"N. Y. Jour. Med., 1857; "Vac- 
 cination Medico-legally Considered," Trans. N. Y. Med- 
 ico-Leg. Soc, 1881 ; " Ansesthetics Medico-legally 
 Considered," idem, 188 1 ; also various other articles in 
 medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 153 Joralemon street, 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Johnston, William Henry, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1868, I. 
 
 At Davidson College, N. C, 1854-55 ; University of 
 North Carolina, 1858-59; M. D. , University of the 
 City of New-York, 1867; Vice-president, Medical As- 
 sociation of State of Alabama, 1878; Member of Ala- 
 bama State Board of Health since 1883. Author of 
 " Malarial Hemorrhagic Fever," Va. Med. Mon. ; " En- 
 dometritis," Trans. Med. Assoc. State Ala. ; "Water 
 as a Curative Agent"; and various articles in medical 
 journals. Residence since leaving the hospital, New- 
 York City, 1867-71; Selma, Ala., 1871-86; and Bir- 
 mingham, Ala., since 1886. 
 
 General Medicine: 20i2>^ First Avenue, Birming- 
 ham, Ala.
 
 Internes. 229 
 
 Johnston, William Waring, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1866, 11. 
 
 At College of St. James, Md., 1859-61 ; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of Penn., 1865; Assistant in Histological and 
 Pathological Laboratories, University of Edinburgh, 
 1866-67; Clinical Clerk in Royal Infirmary, 1866-67; 
 attended clinics in Paris, 1867-68 ; Professor of Theory 
 and Practice of Medicine, Columbian University, Wash- 
 ington, D. C, since 1871 ; Visiting Physician, Chil- 
 dren's Hospital, 1871-86; Consulting Physician since 
 1886; Garfield Memorial Hospital since 1882; Presi- 
 dent, Medical Society of District of Columbia, 1886-87 ; 
 Medical Association, 1888-89; Treasurer, Association 
 of American Physicians, 1886. Author of " On the Di- 
 agnosis of Mild Cases of Typhoid Fever," Amer. Jour. 
 Med. Sc, Oct., 1875; "Intestinal Indigestion," Pep- 
 per's Sys. Med., 1885, Vol. II, p. 620; "Constipation," 
 idem, p. 638 ; " Enteralgia," idem, p. 658 ; " Acute and 
 Chronic Intestinal Catarrh, idem^ p. 667 & p. 699; 
 "Cholera Morbus," /rt^tv;;, p. 719; "Dysentery," Wood's 
 Ref. Hndbk. Med. Sc, 1886, Vol. II, p. 546; "Simple 
 Ulcer of the Duodenum," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, July, 
 1888; "On the Geographical Distribution of Typhoid 
 Fever in the United States," Trans. Asso. Amer. Phys., 
 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: 1603 K street, N. W., Washing- 
 ton, D. C. 
 
 Jones,* Eusebius Lee, . . . Surgical Division, 185 1, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1847; M. D., National Medical 
 College, 1850; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 1851-52; in practice in New-York City, 1852-73; 
 House Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 1853-57; Secre- 
 tary, New-York Pathological Society, 1852-57; Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A., in charge of Army Hospital at David's 
 Island, N. Y., the buildings of which were planned by 
 him, 1861-65; editor, New-York " Medical Register," 
 1870; in practice in Alameda County, Cal., 1873-76; 
 President, Alameda County Medical Association, 1876. 
 Born in Washington, D. C, December 20, 1829; died 
 suddenly in Oakland, Cal., January 30, 1876; cause, 
 pulmonary congestion. 
 15A
 
 230 Alt Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 Jones, William J., . . . .3d Medical Division, 1859, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1858. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital. Snow Hill, N. C, 
 1859-84; and Goldsboro, N. C, since 1884. 
 
 General Medicine: Goldsboro, N. C. 
 
 JUDSON, Walter, ist Medical Division, 1871, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; A. M., 1867; M. U., Columbia, 
 1870; Visiting Physician, Connecticut State Hospital, 
 New Haven, 1877-85; Consulting Physician since 1885. 
 
 General Medicine : 1 145 Chapel street, New Haven, 
 Conn. 
 
 Kalish, Richard, . . . 4th Surgical Division, 1877, ^^• 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1875 ; Assistant Surgeon, New-York 
 Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1878-90; Visiting Surgeon, 
 City (late Charity) Hospital, since 1880; Ophthalmic 
 Surgeon, Transfiguration Clinic, since 1890; Church 
 Hospital Dispensary and Secretary Board of Trustees 
 since 1892 ; Consulting Ophthalmologist, St. John's 
 Hospital, Long Island City, N. Y., since 1892; Lec- 
 turer on Therapeutics, Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
 lege, spring term, 1880; Assistant Secretary, New-York 
 Academy of Medicine, 1886-92; Secretary, 1892; Pres- 
 ident, Society of the Alumni of Bellevue Hospital, 
 1889-90. Author of " The Arrest and Partial Resorp- 
 tion of Immature Cataract, with Restoration of Reading 
 Power," N. Y. Med. Rec, March 29, 1890; " The Ab- 
 sorption of Immature Cataract by Manipulation con- 
 joined with Instillation," /^^;«, Dec. 20, 1890. 
 
 Diseases of the Eye: 50 West 36th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Katzenbach, William Henry, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1872, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1867; A. M., 1870; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 187 1 ; Attending Physician, New-York Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Children, 1873-74; Northwestern Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 1875-78 ; 
 Diseases of Women, 1878-80; Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 1874-92 ; 
 Professor of General Medicine and Diseases of the
 
 Internes. 231 
 
 Chest, New-York Polyclinic, since 1892. Uncle of 
 William E. Studdiford (1893, I). 
 
 General Medicine: 22 West 45th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Kearney, Thomas J., . . ist Surgical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 At Niagara University, 1866-70; St. Mary's College, 
 Montreal, 1870-71; M. D., Bellevue, 1874; Attending 
 Physician, St. Stephen's Home for Half-orphans, New- 
 York City, 1878-83 ; Assistant Surgeon, New-York Eye 
 and Ear Infirmary, 1878-79; Clinical Assistant in 
 Surgery, New-York Post-graduate Medical School, 
 1886; in Gynsecology, 1887. "Author of Manganese 
 in the Treatment of Menstrual Disorders," N. Y. Med. 
 Rec, Aug., 1886. 
 
 General Medicine: 126 East 29th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Keefe, John W., ist Surgical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1884; 
 Visiting Surgeon, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, 
 R. I., since 1886 ; Visiting Physician, St. Aloysius 
 Orphan Asylum, since 1889; Providence Lying-in Hos- 
 pital since 1890; Medical Examiner, City of Provi- 
 dence, since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 440 Broad street, 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Keily, Edward Augustus, 2d Surgical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine : 138 West 104th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Kempner, Solomon Horace, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1888, I. 
 
 At University of Cincinnati, 1881-83 ; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1886; at University of Vienna, 1888-89; Royal 
 Lying-in Hospital, Dresden, 1889; L'Hopital St. Louis, 
 Paris, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Skin : Fifth 
 and Main streets, Little Rock, Ark.
 
 232 A?i Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Kendall, John Calvin, . ist Medical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1870; M. D., Columbia, 1875 ; Assistant 
 District Physician, Northeastern Dispensary, New- 
 York City, 1876-77. Author of "A Severe Injury to 
 the Larynx by an Attempt at Suicide: Recovery," 
 New Eng. Med. Mon., Jan. 15, 1882; "Prophylactic 
 Use of Tracheal Tube in Injuries of the Neck in the 
 Region of the Larynx," Trans. Conn. State Med. Soc, 
 1882. Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York 
 City; Mount Kisco, N.Y. ; Norwalk and Norfolk, Conn. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Norfolk, Conn. 
 
 King,* William Hebron, . 2d Medical Division, jS6j, I. 
 
 Died while House Physician. ^L D., Bcllcvue, 1862 ; 
 School-teacher, New- York City, 1860-62 ; Acting As- 
 sistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at U. S. General Hospi- 
 tal, Newark, N. J., March 14-21, 1863. Born in 
 South Egremont, Mass. ; died in U. S. General Hos- 
 pital, Newark, N. J., March 21, 1863; cause, typhus 
 fever, chronic nephritis. He contracted the fever while 
 serving in the fever wards in Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 Kingman, James Henry, . 4th Medical Division, 1886, H. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1882; M. D., Columbia, 1885; Physi- 
 cian, Board of Overseers of the Poor, New Bedford, 
 Mass., 1887-89. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 New Bedford, Mass., 1887-89, and Pawtucket. R. I., 
 smce 1889. 
 
 General Medicine : 72 Broadway, Pawtucket, R. I. 
 
 Kinnaird, Thomas Hayes, 4th Surgical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 A. B., University of Kentucky, 1877; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1881. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Silver King, Ariz., and Lex- 
 ington, Ky. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 140 East Main street, 
 Lexington, Ky. 
 
 Kinney,* Elijah Clark, . 4th Medical Division, 1859, H. 
 
 M. D., New- York Medical College, 1858 ; Interne, 
 Nursery and Child's Hospital, 1859-60; attended Euro-
 
 Internes. 233 
 
 pean clinics, 1860-61 ; President, Medical Society of 
 City of Norwich (Conn.), 1879; New London County 
 Medical Society, 1879, and 1881-83; Connecticut 
 State Medical Society, 1886 ; Examining Surgeon, U. 
 S. Pension Bureau, 1884-88; Vice-president, Board of 
 Incorporators, Backus Hospital, 1891-92. Born in 
 Norwich, Conn., July 25, 1829; died there October 19, 
 1892; cause, carcinoma of the mesentery, intestinal 
 obstruction. Uncle of Witter Kinney Tingley (1888, 1). 
 
 KlNNlCUTT,t Francis P., . ist Medical Division, 1871, IT. 
 
 Resigned while House Physician. A. B., Harvard, 
 1868; A. M., 1871; M. D., Columbia, 1871; at Uni- 
 versity of Heidelberg, 1873; Vienna, 1872-73; London, 
 1873 ; Clinical Assistant, Diseases of the Mind and Ner- 
 vous System, Columbia, 1873-80; Instructor in Diseases 
 of Children, 1880-87; Attending Physician, Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of Heart and Lungs, 
 1875-80; New- York Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Children, 1877-87; Visiting Physician, St. Luke's Hos- 
 pital, since 1880; New-York Cancer Hospital since 
 1887; Trustee of latter since 1887 ; Consulting Physi- 
 cian, Babies' Hospital, since 1889 ; President, Practition- 
 ers' Society, 1890 ; President, Alumni Association, Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1890-92; Trustee, 
 1891. 
 
 General Medicine : 42 West 37th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Knight, Charles Asher, . 2d Medical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1887 ; M. D., University of the City of 
 New- York, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine : Peekskill, N. Y. 
 
 Knox, Augustus Washington, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1867-70; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1873 ; Interne, Woman's Hospital of the State of New- 
 York, 1875-77; Visiting Physician, Hospital of St. John's 
 Guild, Raleigh, N. C, since 1879; Professor of Surgery, 
 Leonard Medical College, since 1885 ; Visiting Surgeon, 
 Leonard Medical College Hospital, since 1885 ; Member 
 ofBoard of Medical E.xaminers, State of N. C, 1885-90;
 
 2 34 -^'^ Account of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 Medical Examiner, /Etna Life, Northwestern Mutual 
 Life, Hartford Life and Annuity, Mutual Benefit 
 Life of New Jersey, and American Accident insurance 
 companies ; Surgeon, Traders' & Travelers' Accident 
 Insurance Company; Advisory Surgeon and Medical 
 Examiner, Standard Life and Accident Insurance Com- 
 pany, Raleigh & Gaston R. R., and Raleigh & Augusta 
 R. R. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women : Raleigh, 
 N. C. 
 
 Knox,* William Morrow,! 2d Surgical Division^ 1836, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior or Senior Assistant. A. B., 
 Columbia, 1849; A. M., 1855; M. D., College Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons, 1854; Assistant Surgeon, 78th 
 Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteers. Died in Louis- 
 ville, Ky. , April 27, 1862; cause, fracture of the skull 
 by an accidental fall. 
 
 KoPLiK, Henry, ist Medical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1878; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1881 ; at universities of Berlin, Prague, Mu- 
 nich, and Vienna, 1885-86; Assistant in Histology, Co- 
 lumbia, 1883-85; Attending Physician, Eastern Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of Women and Children, since 1887. 
 Author of " lodism in the Nursing Infant," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, Sept., 1887; " Acute Articular Rheumatism 
 in the Nursing Infant," N. Y. Med. Jour., June, 1888 ; 
 "Tuberculosisof the Testis in Childhood," Amer. Jour. 
 Pediat., Sept., 1889; "Nerves and Nerve Tissue," 
 Buck's Hndbk. Med. Sc, Wm. Wood & Co., 1889; 
 " Arthritis Complicating Vulvo- Vaginal Inflammation 
 in Children," N. Y. Med. Jour., June 21, 1890; "The 
 Etiology of Empyema in Children," Archiv. Pediat., 
 Oct., 1890. 
 
 General Medicine: 175 East 70th street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 Lambert, Alexander, . . 4th Medical Division, 1889, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1884; Ph. B., 1885; M. D., Columbia, 
 1888; House Physician, Midwifery Dispensary, New- 
 York City, 1890; attended clinics in Europe, 1890-91.
 
 Internes. 235 
 
 Son of Edward W. Lambert (1858, II.), and brother of 
 Samuel W. (1886, II). 
 
 General Medicine : 2 East 37th street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Lambert, Edward W., . . ist Medical Division, 1858, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1854; A. M., 1857; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1857; Visiting Physician, St. 
 Luke's Hospital, 1862-72 ; Nursery and Child's Hospi- 
 tal, 1861-64; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Children, 1858-59; Medical Director, 
 Equitable Life Assurance Society, since 1859. Father 
 of Samuel W. (1886, II) and of Alexander (1889, II). 
 
 General Medicine : 2 East 37th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Lambert, Samuel Waldron, 
 
 1st Medical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1880; Ph. B., 1882; M. D., Columbia, 
 1885 ; attended clinics in Berlin, Vienna, Munich, 
 Frankfort, and Paris, 1887-89; Attending Physician, 
 Midwifery Dispensary, New-York City, since 1890; 
 Clinical Assistant, Vanderbilt Clinic, General Medicine, 
 since 1889. Son of Edward W. Lambert (1858, II.), 
 and brother of Alexander (1889, II.) 
 
 General Medicine : 2 East 37th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Larcombe, George Garmany, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1887, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1882 ; A. M., 1885 ; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1885; M. R. C. S. (Eng.), 1888; Ambulance Sur- 
 geon, Bellevue Hospital, 1885 ; at University of Vienna, 
 1887 ; King's College, London, 1888. Cousin of Jasper 
 J. Garmany (1883, II). 
 
 General Medicine: 82 Liberty street. Savannah, Ga. 
 
 Lauderdale, John V. . . .2d Surgical Division, 1864, I. 
 
 Attended Geneseo (N. Y.) Academy; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New- York, 1862; Acting Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., on western river transports, 1862; 
 again, 1864-67 ; First Lieutenant and Assistant Sur-
 
 236 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 geon, U. S. A., 1867-70; Captain and Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 1870-88; Major and Surgeon since 1888. 
 Contributor to " History of the War of the Rebelhon," 
 Surg. -Gen. Off. 
 
 Major and Surgeon, U. S. A. ; care Surgeon-Gen- 
 eral's office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Lawson, I Archibald, . . . Medical Division, 1866, II. 
 
 Left the hospital while Junior Assistant. ^L D., 
 Columbia, 1866; M. R. C. S. (Eng.), 1868; Profes- 
 sor of Surgery, Halifax (N. S.) Medical College, 1874- 
 1883 ; Visiting Physician, City Hospital, Halifax, 1878- 
 1883; Coroner, Halifax, 1880-83; Chairman, School 
 Board, 1882-83 ; \'isiting Physician, Blind Asylum and 
 Orphans' Home, 1883. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, Halifax, N. S., 1870-83 ; City of Mexico, 1883- 
 1886; Kansas City, Mo., since 1886. 
 
 General Medicine: 11 20 Main street, Kansas City, 
 Mo. 
 
 Lay, t Frederic Herbert, 2d Surgical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. ]VL D., Bellevue, 
 1878; at Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 1878-79; 
 Surgeon, Pacific Mail S. S. Co., 1879-80; P. S. & R. 
 Co., 1882-87 ; A. T. & S. F. R. R., 1882-87 ; D- T. & 
 Ft. W. R. R., 1888-89; D. & R. G. R. R. since 1882; 
 B. & Mo. R. R. R. since 1889; Visiting Surgeon, St. 
 Luke's Hospital, Denver, Col., since 1890. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, New-York City ; Pueblo, 
 and Denver, Col. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 811 Seventeenth 
 street, Denver, Col. 
 
 Lazear, Jesse W., . . . . ist Medical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 A. B., Johns Hopkins, 1889; at University of Edin- 
 burgh, later; M. D., Columbia, 1892. 
 Address : Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Lee,+ Benjamin, .... ist Medical Division, i8jj, II. 
 
 Resigned while House Physician. A. B., University 
 of Pennsylvania, 1852; A. M., 1855; Ph. D., 1878; 
 M. D., New-York Medical College, 1856; at hospitals 
 in Paris, 1857-58; General Hospital, Vienna, 1858;
 
 Internes. 237 
 
 Secretary, American Medical Society, Paris, 1857-58; 
 Assistant Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 New-York City, Diseases ofWomen, 1861-62; Surgeon, 
 22d Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1861-62; Surgeon, 3d 
 Brigade, N. G. S. N. Y., 1863-64; Corresponding Sec- 
 retary, Philadelphia County (Penn.) Medical Society, 
 1875; Vice-president, 1876; Treasurer, Medical Soci- 
 ety of the State of Pennsylvania, 1873-87 ; President, 
 Mutual Aid Association of Philadelphia County Med- 
 ical Society, 1878-80 and 1884-89; American Acad- 
 emy of Medicine, 1884-85 ; Member of the Advisory 
 Council, American Public Health Association, 1885-87 ; 
 Secretary and Executive Officer, Board of Health and 
 Vital Statistics of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 
 since 1885 ; Editor "American Medical Monthly," 
 1861-62. Author of "The Correct Principles of 
 Treatment for Angular Curvature of the Spine," J. B. 
 L. & Co. (ist ed., 1868; 2d ed,, 1872); "Tracts on 
 Massage," from the German of Reibmayr, 1884 and 
 1887 ; " Diseases of Bones and Joints," Wood's House- 
 hold Prac. Med. Hyg. & Surg., 1880; Annual Reports, 
 Pennsylvania State Board of Health, 1885-90; and vari- 
 ous articles in medical journals. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, New-York City, 1858-65 ; Philadelphia, 
 Penn., since 1865. 
 
 General Medicine, Orthopaedic Surgery, and Me- 
 chanical Therapeutics : 1532 Pine street, Philadelphia, 
 Penn. 
 
 Lee,* Duncan C, . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1872, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1869; 
 in practice in Pictou (?), Canada, 1872-74. Died in New- 
 York City, April 25, 1874; cause, carcinoma fibrosum. 
 
 Lee, William, . . . .ist Medical Division, 1864, I & IL 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1863; Attending Physician, Co- 
 lumbia Hospital Dispensary, Washington, D. C, Dis- 
 eases of Women, 1870; Member, Board of Health, 
 1870 ; Librarian, American Medical Association, 
 1873-82 ; Editor " National Medical Journal," 1870-72 ; 
 Professor of Physiology, Columbian University, since 
 1872 ; President, Washington Training School for 
 Nurses, 1885-86; Attending Physician, Emergency
 
 238 All Account of Bellcvnc Hospital. 
 
 Hospital and Central Dispensary, Diseases of Nervous 
 System and General Medicine, since 1886. Collabora- 
 tor, "National Medical Dictionary," 1890; and author 
 of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine: 21 11 Pennsylvania Avenue, N. 
 W., Washington, D. C. 
 
 Le Fevre, Egbert, .... 2d Medical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1880; A. M., 1884; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1883; Clinical Assistant 
 to the Chair of Practice of Medicine, University of the 
 City of New-York, 1885-88; Clinical Lecturer, Practice 
 of Medicine, 1888-90; Professor of Clinical Medicine 
 since 1890; Lecturer in General Medicine and Diseases 
 of the Heart and Lungs, New-York Polyclinic, since 
 1888. Author of "Notes on Materia Medica," from 
 lectures by W. H. Thomson, M. D., LL. D. (ist cd., 
 1883; 2ded., 1885; 3d ed., 1886). 
 
 General Medicine: 161 West 23d street, New-York 
 City 
 
 Leveridge, Silas P., . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1880, II. 
 
 M. D., 1879; Ambulance Surgeon, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital, 1878-79; Attending Surgeon, New-York Dis- 
 pensary, 1880-85 ; Attending Physician, Eastern 
 Dispensary, 1880-85; Visiting Physician, 1885-88. 
 
 General Medicine: 271 East Broadway, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Lewengood, Jacob, ... 3d Medical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1876-79; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1882; Attending Physician, Mount 
 Sinai Hospital Dispensary, General Medicine, since 
 1883; Visiting Physician, Old Folks' Home, Yonkers, 
 N. Y., since 1883. Brother of Samuel Lewengood 
 (1883, II). 
 
 General Medicine: 129 East 84th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Lewengood, Samuel, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1876-79; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1882; First Assistant to the Chair of 
 Surgery, New-York Post-graduate Medical School,
 
 Internes. 239 
 
 1884-85; Attending Surgeon, Mount Sinai Hospital 
 Dispensary, since 1883. Brother of Jacob Lewengood 
 (1883, II). 
 
 General Medicine: 129 East 84th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Lewis, Clarence Linden, Jr., 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1889, II. 
 
 At Vanderbilt University, 1885; University of Vir- 
 ginia, 1886; M. D., Columbia, 1888; Professor of Physi- 
 ology, Tennessee Medical College, 1890-92 ; in the drug 
 business since 1892. Residence since leaving the hos- 
 pital, New-York City, 1889-90, and Knoxville, Tenn., 
 1890-92. 
 
 Address: T] Pine street, New-York City. 
 
 Lewis, Edwin Augustus, . 3d Surgical Division, 1875, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1870; A. M., 1873; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1873 ; Lecturer on Anatomy, Long Island College Hos- 
 pital, 1883-86; Professor since 1886; Visiting Surgeon 
 since 1884; Brooklyn (N. Y.) Hospital since 1889; Con- 
 sulting Surgeon, Eastern District Hospital, since 1890. 
 Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 102 Pierrepont street, 
 Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Leyton, Albert Henry, 2d Surgical Division, 1888, 1. & II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1884; M. D., Columbia, 1887; At- 
 tending Physician, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, since 
 1888. 
 
 General Medicine : 256 West 57th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 LiNDSLY,* James CoOK.t . ist Medical Division, i8'/2, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. A. B., Princeton, 
 1867; A. M., 1870; M. D., Columbia, 1869; in prac- 
 tice in Newark, N. J., and subsequently in Morristown, 
 N. J. Later he went to the West on account of ill 
 health, and is reported to have died in California about 
 1888-89; cause, acute lobar pneumonia.
 
 240 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Litchfield, Lawrence, . . 3d Surgical Division, 1889, IL 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1885; M. D., Bellevue, 1888. 
 General Medicine : Neville street, Pittsburgh, Penn. 
 
 Little, Daviu, ist Medical Division, i860, L 
 
 A. B., Union, 1855; M. I)., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1858; Surgeon, 13th Regiment, New- 
 York Volunteers, 1861-62; Visiting Surgeon, Roches- 
 ter (N. Y.) City Hospital, since 1869; Visiting Physi- 
 cian, Rochester Orphan Asylum, since 1863. Author 
 of "A Case of Ovariotomy and What May Come of 
 Simple Cleanliness," Trans. Med. Sec. State of N. Y., 
 1883 ; " Prophylaxis of Summer Complaints of Infants," 
 idem, 1884; "Is Modern Midwifery Meddlesome?" 
 idem, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine: 162 Plymouth Avenue, Roches- 
 ter, N. Y. 
 
 Little,* James Lawrence, t . . Medical Division, 1S61, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 i860; Interne, New-York Hospital, 1860-62; Surgeon 
 in charge of Park Barracks, New-York City, 1862 ; 
 Lecturer on Operative Surgery and Surgical Dressings, 
 Columbia, 1868-79 ; Professor of Surger>', University 
 of Vermont, 1875-85 ; Professor of Clinical Surgery, 
 University of the City of New-York, 1879-85; Visiting 
 Surgeon, St. Luke's Hospital, 1868-78; Consulting 
 Surgeon, 1878-85 ; Visiting Surgeon, St. Vincent's 
 Hospital, 1876-85. Bom in Brooklyn, N. Y., Febru- 
 ary, 1836; died in New-York City, April 4, 1885 ; cause, 
 appendicitis, perforation, acute general peritonitis. 
 
 Livingston,* Beverley, . 4th Medical Division, 1878, IL 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1874; M. D., Columbia, 1877; in Eu- 
 rope for several years after leaving the hospital ; in 
 practice in New-York City, and Visiting Physician, Nur- 
 sery and Child's Hospital, subsequently. Born in 1852; 
 died in New-York City, June 30, 1883 ; cause, diph- 
 theria, contracted while on duty at the Nursery and 
 Child's Hospital. Dr. Livingston bequeathed his scien- 
 tific collections and about $3000 to the Sheffield Scien- 
 tific School, Yale.
 
 Internes. 241 
 
 LocKwooD, Charles Edward, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1868, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1865; M. D., Columbia, 1868; Atten- 
 ding Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 1873-86. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Oswego, N. Y., 
 1869-70; New-York City since 1870. Brother of Wil- 
 liam A. Lockwood (1865, H). 
 
 General Medicine : 59 West 36th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Lockwood, William A., . ist Surgical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 Graduated at Union High School, Norwalk, Conn., 
 1858; M. D., Columbia, 1864; at St. Bartholomew's 
 Hospital, London, 1866; in Paris, 1866; Attending 
 Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Children, 1867. Brother of Charles E. Lockwood 
 (1868, II). 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 23 West Avenue, 
 Norwalk, Conn. 
 
 LoiNES,* Jonas Powell, .... Surgical Division, 1850, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1849; 
 Assistant Physician and House Physician, Eastern Dis- 
 pensary, New-York City, 1856-73. Dr. Loineshadthe 
 general contract to vaccinate emigrants at Quarantine, 
 New-York Harbor, 1855-70, and furnished large 
 amounts of vaccine virus to the United States Govern- 
 ment. He devoted himself to the study of vaccination. 
 Born in Bethpage, N. Y., April 30, 1821 ; died in 
 Mount Vernon, N. Y., December 15, 1873. 
 
 LOOMIS, Henry P., 2d Medical Division, 1884, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1880; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1883; Adjunct Professor of Pathol- 
 ogy, University of the City of New-York, 1887-90; 
 Professor since 1890; Curator, Bellevue Hospital, since 
 1886; Visiting Physician since 1887; Gouverneur Hos- 
 pital, 1890-91 ; Director of Loomis Laboratory, Uni- 
 versity of the City of New- York, since 1888; Pathol- 
 ogist, New-York City Health Department, since 1888. 
 Son of Alfred L. Loomis, Visiting Physician. 
 
 General Medicine : 58 East 34th street, New-York 
 City. 
 16
 
 242 All Acco7int of BcUcvue Hospital. 
 
 LORENZE, Edward J., . . . 2cl Medical Division, 1888, I. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1880-81 ; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1886; Junior 
 Assistant, St. Vincent's Hospital, 1886; Surgeon, 
 Italian line of steamers, 1888; Visiting Physician, 
 Eastern Dispensary, 1889-91 ; Sanitary Inspector, 
 New-York City Health Department, 1890-91. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Nose and 
 Throat : 1584 Madison Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 LosEE, Edwin Knickerbocker, 
 
 1st Medical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1885; A. M., 1888; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1888. 
 
 General Medicine : Upper Red Hook, N. Y. 
 
 Loving, Starling, .... Surgical Division, 1850, I & II. 
 
 M. D., Starling Medical College, Columbus, 0., 
 1849; at Ward's Island Hospital, 1850; Island Hospi- 
 tal, 1851-53; Surgeon, Panama R. R., 1853-54; Dem- 
 onstrator of Anatomy, Starling Medical College, 1856; 
 Lecturer on Therapeutics, 1857-76; Lecturer on Prac- 
 tice of Medicine, 1875 ; Dean of the Faculty since 
 1884; Surgeon, 6th Regiment, Ohio Volunteers, 1861 ; 
 Physician to Ohio State Prison, 1863 ; St. Francis' Hos- 
 pital, 1866. Author of various articles in medical 
 journals. Residence since leaving the hospital. West 
 Indies and Central America, 1853-55; Columbus, O., 
 since 1855. 
 
 General Medicine: 229 East State street, Columbus, O. 
 
 Lowell,* Abram Leland, . 2d Surgical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1857; M. D., University of the City 
 of New-York, 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 A., at U. S. General Hospital, Newark, N. J., 1862; 
 Surgeon, .S. S. Arago, which was then in Government 
 employ on the Atlantic Coast, 1863-65 ; Examining 
 Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, New- York City, 1865 ; 
 Washington, D. C, 1867-72; in practice in Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., 1872-82; Visiting Surgeon, St. Peter's Hos- 
 pital, 1878-82. Born in Chester, Vt., June 3, 1832; 
 died in Brooklyn, N. Y., October 12, 1882; cause, 
 acute lobar pneumonia, congestive malarial paroxysm.
 
 Internes. 243 
 
 LUACES,* Antonio L., . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1861 ; M. 
 D., Bellevue, 1865; graduated at University of Ma- 
 drid, later ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862; 
 in Europe, 1865-69. On the outbreak of the Cuban In- 
 surrection he returned to New-York and joined the Pe- 
 ril Expedition (1869), and was appointed Medical Direc- 
 tor of General Jordan's staff. Subsequently he was 
 Chief of Sanitary Corps, 2d Division, Cuban Army, till 
 1875, when he was taken prisoner at Puerto Principe 
 and publicly shot. Born in Puerto Principe, Cuba, June 
 18, 1842; died there, April 20, 1875. 
 
 Luce,* Jacob Benjamin, . . 3d Medical Division, 1864, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1862 ; in practice in East Newark, 
 N. J., 1864-65. Born in Riverhead, N. Y., 1841; died 
 in East Newark, N. J., February 4, 1865 ; cause, diph- 
 theria. 
 
 T ,, r- TT (3d Medical Division, 1866, II. 
 
 LuDLAM, Charles Henry, < -^ , c • i t^- • • ,0^:1 t 
 
 (1st Surgical Division, 1867, 1. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1863 ; A. 
 M., 1866; M. D., 1865; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, 1866; Attending Physician, Dis- 
 eases of Digestive Organs, 1866-74; Northern Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of the Digestive Organs and Diseases of 
 the Skin, 1867-74. Residence since leaving the hospi- 
 tal, New-York City, 1867-74; Boonton, N. J., 1874-78; 
 and Hempstead, N. Y., since 1878. 
 
 General Medicine : Hempstead, N. Y. 
 
 Lyle, William Gordon, . 2d Surgical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1892. 
 Address : Hamilton, Ont. 
 
 Lyman,* Francis R., . . . 4th Medical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1861 ; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., September 12 to 
 October 24, 1862, at Harwood Hospital, Washington, 
 D. C. Died in Harwood Hospital, November 14, 1862 ; 
 cause, typhoid fever, contracted while on duty.
 
 244 -^'' Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 Lymax, Henry Munson, . . 3d Surgical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1858; A. M., 1875; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at 
 Nashville, Tenn., 1862-63; Visiting Physician, Cook 
 County Hospital, Chicago, 111., 1866-76; Presbyterian 
 Hospital since 1885 ; Professor of Chemistry, Rush 
 Medical College, 1870-76; Professor of Physiology and 
 of Diseases of the Nervous System, 1876-90; Professor 
 of the Theory and Practice of Medicine since 1890; Pro- 
 fessor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, Woman's 
 Medical College, 1877-88; Vice-president, American 
 Neurological Association, since 1889. Author of "Ar- 
 tificial Anesthesia and Anesthetics," 1881 ; "Insomnia 
 and Other Disorders of Sleep," 1886 ; and various arti- 
 cles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Nervous Diseases : 70 State 
 street; residence, 200 Ashland Boulevard, Chicago, 111. 
 
 Lyon, Irving Whitall, . . ist Surgical Division, 1864, II. 
 
 M. D, University of Vermont, 1862; Columbia, 
 1863 ; Demonstrator of Anatomy, Berkshire Medical 
 College, 1862; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 1862; Medical Director, Hartford Life and Annuity 
 Insurance Co., since 1866. Author of various articles 
 in Trans. Conn. State Med. Soc. , and elsewhere. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Heart and 
 Lungs: 26 Buckingham street, Hartford, Conn. 
 
 MacArtnev, William Napier, ist Surgical Division, 1890, 1. 
 
 C. M., New-York State Board of Pharmacy, 1885 ; 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Fort Covington, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Mackenzie,* Colin, t . . . ist Surgical Division, 1S62, II. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. M. D., Western 
 Reserve University, i860; Assistant Surgeon, 36th 
 Regiment, Ohio Volunteers, 1862; Surgeon, 1862-63; 
 in charge of Camp Chase General Hospital and of 
 Seminary Hospital, 1863-64; Acting Medical Director, 
 1864; Lecturer on Materia Medica and Therapeutics, 
 Cleveland Medical College (Western Reserve Univ.), 
 1864-65; Professor, 1865-66; Attending Physician,
 
 Internes. 245 
 
 New-York Dispensary, Diseases of Women, later ; As- 
 sistant Visiting Surgeon, New-York State Woman's 
 Hospital, 1879-81. Author of " Emphysema occurring 
 during Parturition," 1876; " Pan-ophthalmia," 1877 ; 
 "Puerperal Septic Pyaemia," N. Y. Obstet. Jour., 
 1882, etc. Residence after leaving the hospital, Co- 
 lumbus, O.; Cleveland, O.; and New-York City. Born 
 in Cleveland, O., in 1839; died in New-York City, 
 January 16, 1892; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Mackenzie, John Noland, . 2d Medical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1872-74; M. D., 1876; 
 University of the City of New-York, 1877; Interne, 
 Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, 1879; Chief of Clinic, Lon- 
 don Throat Hospital, 1879-81 ; Universities of Munich 
 and of Vienna, 1882; Surgeon, Baltimore (Md.) Eye, 
 Ear, and Throat Charity Hospital, since 1882 ; Clinical 
 Professor, Diseases of the Throat and Nose, University 
 of Maryland, since 1888; Laryngologist to Johns Hop- 
 kins Hospital and Dispensary since 1889; President, 
 American Laryngological Association, 1889-90; Associ- 
 ate Editor, " Maryland Medical Journal," 1882 ; Ameri- 
 can Editor, " International Journal of Laryngology and 
 Rhinology," 1887. Author of" Congenital Syphilis of 
 the Throat, based on the Study of 150 Cases," Amer. 
 Jour. Med. Sc, Oct., 1880; "New Process for Re- 
 moving Adenoid and Papillary Growths from the Naso- 
 pharyngeal Cavity and Throat," Md. Med. Jour. , April 
 15, 1883; "Irritation of the Sexual Apparatus as an 
 Etiological Factor in the Production of Nasal Disease," 
 Prize essay Md. Acad. Med., Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, 
 April, 1884; "Catarrhal Affections of the Larynx," 
 "Leprosy of the Larynx," "Lupus of the Larynx," 
 " Syphilis of the Larynx, Trachea, and Bronchi," "Af- 
 fections of the Nasal Pharynx," "Hemorrhage from 
 the Nasal Passages," "Neuroses of the Nose," " Syph- 
 ilitic Lesions of the Pharynx and Nasal Pharynx," "Ca- 
 tarrhal Affections of the Pharynx," " Chronic Nasal 
 Catarrh," "Neuroses of the Pharyngeal Bursa," Wood's 
 Ref.Hndbk. Med. Sc, 1887-89; " Nasal Obstructions," 
 Keating's Cyclop. Dis. Chil., 1889, Vol. II.; also reviews 
 in medical journals. 
 
 Diseases of the Ear, Nose, Chest, and Throat : 605 
 North Charles street, Baltimore, Md. 
 i6a
 
 246 An Account of Bcllcvne Hospital. 
 
 MacLaren, William Stevenson, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1886; A. M., 1889; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: Litchfield, Conn. 
 
 Maddux, Thomas Hodges, . ist Surgical Division, 1855, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1854. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Flat Shoals, Ga. ; 
 Jamestown, Ala. ; New Orleans, and Baker, La. 
 
 General Medicine: Baker, La. 
 
 Magnin, Ami Jacques, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 B. S., University of Geneva, Switzerland, 1878; A. B., 
 1878; A. M., 1878 ; M. D., Bellevue, 1881 ; Faculte de 
 Medecine de Paris, 1886; Visiting Physician, French 
 Hospital, 1887-89; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital Dispensary, Genito-urinary Diseases, 1888-89; 
 Assistant Surgeon, Vanderbilt Clinic, 1888-89; Secre- 
 tary, Surgical Section, N. Y. Academy of Medicine, 
 1888-89; Medical Examiner, Equitable Life Assur- 
 ance Society, in Paris, since 1889. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, New-York City ; Paris, France. 
 
 General Medicine : 47 Rue Cambon, Paris, France. 
 
 Mandeville, Dorrance Kirkland, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1854, II. 
 
 A. B., Hamilton College, 1849; A. M., 1852; M. D., 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1853; Physician, 
 Protestant Orphan Asylum, Mobile, Ala., 1854-64; Sur- 
 geon, U. S. Marine Hospital, 1863 ; Visiting Physician, 
 Maternity Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y., since 1879. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, Mobile, Ala., 1854-66; 
 Clinton, N. Y., 1866-76; and Brooklyn, N. Y., since 
 1876. 
 
 Address: 15 Fourth Avenue, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Marshall, t Edward Gardner,^ 1862, II. 
 
 Probably resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., 
 Columbia, 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, 124th 
 Regiment, New-York Volunteer Infantry, 1862-63.
 
 Inte7'nes. 247 
 
 Marshall,* Guy Carleton, . Surgical Division, 1852, II. 
 
 M. D., Geneva (N. Y.) Medical College, 1850; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1852-60; Surgeon, Berdan 
 Sharp-shooters, 1861-62; taken prisoner during the 
 Seven Days' Battle in Virginia and sent to Libby Prison ; 
 released in 1862. Born near Cooperstown, N. Y. ; died 
 in St. Luke's Hospital, New- York City, July, 1862; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Martin, William Hammet, ist Medical Division, 1862, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1857; A. M., i860; M. D., 1861 ; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at Fort Schuyler, 
 N. Y., Chester, Penn., and Jefferson Barracks, Mo., 
 1862-64; Surgeon, 17th Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., 
 1867-69; Visiting Physician, St. Peter's Hospital, 
 Brooklyn, N. Y., 1876-84. Author of various articles 
 on obstetrical subjects in Trans. Med. Soc. Kings Co. 
 (N. Y.). Residence since leaving the hospital, New 
 Rochelle, N. Y. ; Brooklyn, N. Y. ; and Madison, N. J. 
 
 General Medicine : Madison, N. J. 
 
 Martinez, Juan Jose, . , . 2d Medical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 At College of Granada, Nicaragua, 1872-82; South 
 Penge Park College, London, Eng., 1882-84; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine: Granada, Nicaragua, C. A. 
 
 Mason,* Erskine, ist Surgical Division, 1861, I. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1857; A. M., i860; M, D., i860; 
 Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Columbia, 1860- 
 1866; Demonstrator, 1866-70; Adjunct Professor of 
 Surgery, University of the City of New-York, 1871-75 ; 
 Professor of Clinical Surgery, 1875-76; Professor of 
 Clinical Surgery, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
 1878-82 ; Clinical Assistant and Assistant Surgeon, 
 New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1868-71 ; Visiting 
 Surgeon, Charity Hospital, 1866-75; Bellevue Hospital, 
 1875-82; Roosevelt Hospital, 1872-81 ; New-York Col- 
 ored Home and Hospital, 1868-82; Consulting Sur- 
 geon, St. Mary's Free Hospital for Children, 1871-82; 
 President, New- York Pathological Society, 1873-74; 
 Author of "Imperforate Anus," Faculty Prize Essay, 
 Columbia (Med. Dept.), i860; "On Operation for
 
 248 A 71 Accou7it of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 Strangulated Hernia witliout Opening the Sac," N. Y. 
 Med. Rcc, 1868; " Holden's Manual of Anatomy, with 
 Notes and Additions," R. M. DeWitt, N. Y., 1868; 
 '* Strangulated Hernia Reduced en Masse," N. Y. Med. 
 Times, 1870; " On Lumbar Colotomy "; "Perityphli- 
 tis," N. Y. Med. Rcc, 1876; " On Amputation at the 
 Hip Joint, with two Successful Cases." Born in New- 
 York City, 1837; died in New- York City, April 13, 
 1882; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic nephritis. 
 
 Mathews, Edward Frost, . ist Medical Division, 1855, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1854; 
 Surgeon, U. S. Mail S. S. Co., between Havana, Cuba, 
 and Colon, 1855-57. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Port Chester, N. Y. 
 
 Maury, Richard Brooke, . 3d Medical Division, 1859, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1851-52; M. D., 1857; 
 University of the City of New-York, 1858; Surgeon, 
 28th Mississippi Regiment, C. S. A., in charge of hos- 
 pitals at Brookhaven and Lauderdale Springs, Miss., 
 and Greenville, Ala. ; Professor of Physiology, Memphis 
 Medical College, 1869 ; Professor of Theory and Prac- 
 tice of Medicine, 1871-73; Professor of Gynaecology, 
 Memphis Hospital Medical College, since 1884; Presi- 
 dent, Board of Education, Memphis, Tenn., 1875. Au- 
 thor of "Report of Epidemic of Dengue in Port Gibson, 
 Miss.," N. Y. Med. Rec, 1861 ; " Cases of Hepatic Abs- 
 cess," idem, 1867 ; " Hypodermic Injections of Quinine 
 in Malarial Fevers," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc , 1868; 
 "Topical Medication in Treatment of Dysentery," N. 
 Y. Med. Jour., March, 1876; "Fevers of Mississippi 
 Valley: Chnical Contribution," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, 
 April, 1881 ; " Antiseptic Midwifery," Trans. Tenn. 
 State Med. Soc, 1882; "Case of Tubal Pregnancy, 
 with Remarks," /V/t';«, 1884; "Peri-uterine Inflamma- 
 tion," Amer. Sys. Gynaec, Lea Bros. & Co., 1889; 
 "Reports of Abdominal Sections," Miss. Val. Med. 
 Mon., 1886 & 1887; Pittsb. Med. Rev., 1888; Mem- 
 phis Med. Mon., March, 1888. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, Port Gibson, Miss., 1859-61, and Mem- 
 phis, Tenn., since 1867. 
 
 Diseases of Women : 1 1 1 Court street, Memphis, Tenn.
 
 Internes. 249 
 
 Maury,* Rutson, 3d Medical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 B. S., College of the City of New- York, 1884; M. 
 D., Bellevue, 1887 ; Assistant to the Chair of Obstet- 
 rics and Diseases of Women and Children, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1890-92. Born in Milton, 
 N. C, August 15, 1865 ; died in New-York City, May 
 5, 1892; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 McAlpin, David Hunter, Jr., 3d Medical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1885; A. M., 1888; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1888; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, since 1891 ; 
 Assistant Instructor, Carnegie Laboratory, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College since 1892; Assistant to 
 Chair of Pathology since 1892 ; Visiting Physician, 
 Workhouse and Almshouse Hospitals, 1S93. 
 
 General Medicine : 40 West 40th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 McBride,* Thomas C 2d Medical Division, 1872, I. 
 
 Alexander, ( 2d Surgical Division, 1872, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1871 ; House Physician, New- 
 York Dispensary; Attending Physician, New-York 
 Hospital Dispensary; Visiting Physician, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital, 1885-86 ; Lecturer on Symptomatology, Colum- 
 bia, 1875 ; Examiner on Pathology and the Practice of 
 Medicine, 1880; Clinical Assistant to the Chair of Dis- 
 eases of the Mind and Nervous System, 1880. Born in 
 Sandusky, O., 1844; died on board S. S. Alter on the 
 way to New-York, August 31, 1886; cause, chronic 
 nephritis. 
 
 McBURNEY, Charles, ... 2d Surgical Division, 1870, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1866; A. M., 1869; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1870; in Europe, 1871-73 ; Assistant Demonstrator 
 of Anatomy, Columbia, 1872-74; Demonstrator, 1875- 
 1880; Instructor in Operative Surgery, 1880-89; Ad- 
 junct Professor of Surgery, 1888-89; Professor, 1889- 
 1892; Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital, 1882-88; 
 St. Luke's Hospital, 1875-88; Consulting Surgeon, St. 
 Luke's, since 1888; New-York Orthopaedic Dispensary 
 and Hospital since 1880; Visiting Surgeon, Colored
 
 250 An Account of Bellcvnc Hospital. 
 
 Home and Hospital, 1887-89; Consulting Surgeon since 
 1889 ; Consulting Surgeon, Presbyterian Hospital, since 
 18S7 ; Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled since 1889; 
 Visiting Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital, 1888-92. 
 
 General Surgery : 28 West 37th street, New-York City. 
 
 McCann, Thomas, 3d Surgical Division, i 
 
 At Washington and Jefferson, 1883; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1886; Assistant Visiting Surgeon, West Pennsyl- 
 vania Hospital, Pittsburgh, Penn., since 1888; Mercy 
 Hospital, 1888-90; Visiting Surgeon, latter, since 1890; 
 Surgeon, P. & L. E. R. R., since 1888 ; P. R. R. and 
 B. & O. R. R. since 1890; Lecturer on Orthopaedic 
 Surgery, West Pennsylvania Medical College, spring 
 term, since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 928 Penn Avenue, 
 Pittsburgh, Penn. 
 
 McCORD,'^ Russell, .... 2d Medical Division, 1854, II. 
 
 At Medical College of the State of South Carolina, 
 1851-52; M. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1853; in 
 Brazil in 1873. 
 
 McCoy, John Cresap, . . ist Medical Division, 1880, II. 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1879. 
 
 McCreery,J George, . . . 2d Surgical Division, i8yg, I. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Surgeon. A. B., St. 
 John's College, Fordham, N. Y., 1874; A. ISL, 1876; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1877 ; First Lieutenant and Assistant 
 Surgeon, U. S. A., 1880-85 ! Captain and Assistant 
 Surgeon since 1885. 
 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., care Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 McCreery, John A., . . . ist Medical Division, 1872,1. 
 
 A. B., St. John's College, Fordham, N. Y., 1867; A. 
 M., 1868; M. D., Bellevue, 1871 ; ^L R. C. S., Eng., 
 1874; Visiting Physician, St. Vincent's Hospital, since 
 1887. 
 
 General Medicine: 350 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City.
 
 Internes. 2 5 1 
 
 McEwEN, Robert Charles, . 2d Medical Division, 1858, I. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1853; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1856; Assistant and Acting Surgeon, 
 17th Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers, 1862-68; Pres- 
 ident, Medical Society of the County of Saratoga; 
 Member of the Council, New- York State Medical Asso- 
 ciation. Residence since leaving the hospital, Spring- 
 field, Mass.; Stratford, Conn.; and Saratoga Springs, 
 N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine : i Franklin Square, Saratoga 
 Springs, N. Y. 
 
 McGlFFERT, Edgar Nelson, 4th Medical Division, 1887, II. 
 
 A. B,, Hamilton College, 1880; M. D., Columbia, 
 1886. Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York 
 City; Syracuse, N. Y., 1887-88; and Duluth, Minn., 
 since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: i West Superior street, Duluth, 
 Minn. 
 
 MclNTOSH, James Higgins, . 4th Medical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 A. B., Newberry (S. C.) College, 1884; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1888; at Johns Hopkins University, 1884-86. 
 General Medicine: Newberry, S. C. 
 
 McKiM, WlLLL\M Duncan, 4th Surgical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1875 ; A. M., 1878; M. D., 1878; 
 at University of Vienna, 1879-81; University of Wurz- 
 burg, 1880; Attending Surgeon, Northern Dispensary, 
 1882; Attending Physician, New-York Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Nose and Throat, 1882; Visiting 
 Physician and Surgeon, Newport Hospital, Newport, 
 R. L, 1883; Assistant Attending Surgeon, Roosevelt 
 Hospital Dispensary, New-York City, 1883-85; Visiting 
 Physician and Surgeon, French Hospital, since 1888; 
 Lecturer on Operative Surgery, New-York Post-graduate 
 Medical School, 1883-84; Professor, 1884-85; Instruc- 
 tor in the Anatomical Basis of Gynsecology, 1885-87; 
 Major and Surgeon, ist Brigade, N. G. S. N. Y., since 
 1888. Author of "The Present Status of Laparo- 
 elytrotomy, with Report of a Successful Case," N. Y. 
 Med. Jour., Dec, 1887. Residence since leaving the
 
 252 Afi Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 hospital, Newport, R. I., 1882-83 ; and New- York City 
 since 1883. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 75 1 Madison Avenue, 
 New-York City. 
 
 McLean, Malcolm, .... 2d Surgical Division, 1870, I. 
 
 AL D., Columbia, 1869; at general hospitals in Lon- 
 don and Paris, 1873; Examining Physician, Department 
 of Public Charities and Correction, New- York City, 
 1870; Visiting Gynaecologist, Infants' Hospital, since 
 1884; Consulting since 1890; Surgeon in charge of 
 St. Andrew's Infirmary for Women, 1888-89. Author 
 of "The Management of Placenta Praevia," 1886; 
 "Dystocia Caused by Occipito-posterior Position of 
 the Head," 1887; "Dystocia Caused by Tumors of 
 the Foetal Arm," 1889. 
 
 General Medicine, Obstetrics and Diseases of Wo- 
 men : 29 East 126th street, New- York City. 
 
 McMaster, Nathaniel G., . 3d Surgical Division, 1870, II. 
 
 M. D., University of Toronto, 1867; Bellevue, 1868; 
 at University of Marburg, 1870; Berlin, 187 1 ; Vienna 
 and Paris, 1872; Resident Physician, Workhouse and 
 Almshouse Hospitals, New-York City, 1874; New-York 
 State Emigrants' Hospital, 1875; House Surgeon and 
 Chief of Staff, St. Francis' Hospital, 1876; Assistant 
 Sanitary Inspector, New-York City Health Department, 
 1876; Acting Assistant Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Throat, 1878; Assistant to the Chair of 
 Diseases of the Skin, University of the City of New- 
 York, 1879; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital 
 Dispensary, Diseases of Digestive Organs, 1880; Secre- 
 tary, Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, 1886; 2d 
 Vice-president, 1891 ; Attending Physician Demilt Dis- 
 pensary, General Medicine, since 1892. 
 
 General Medicine: 322 East 15th street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 McMASTERS,t David M., . . ^d Medical Division, i8jj, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. A. B., Washing- 
 ton and Jefferson, 1868; M. D., Bellevue, 1871; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, i8th Regiment, N. G. S. P., Duquesne 
 Greys, 1874-77; Surgeon, 1877-81; City Physician,
 
 Internes. 253 
 
 Pittsburgh, Penn., East End District, 1875-77; Exam- 
 ining Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, 1875-86; Sur- 
 geon P. C. & St. L. R. R., 1884-87 ; Medical Examiner, 
 New-York Life, Mutual Life (N. Y.), and Grand Cen- 
 tral insurance companies, Royal Arcanum, and Ameri- 
 can Legion of Honor, 1891. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital, Pittsburgh, Penn., 1873-81; Midway, 
 Penn., 1881-88; and Pittsburgh since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: Linden and Penn Avenues, Pitts- 
 burgh, Penn. 
 
 McPhail, Leonard C, . . . 2d Medical Division, 1878, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1876; at 
 hospitals in Europe, 1878-79; Attending Physician, 
 Orphan Asylum Society, Brooklyn, N. Y., since 1880; 
 Brooklyn City Dispensary, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 
 1880-82; Diseases of Children since 1882 ; Pathologist, 
 Brooklyn Hospital, 1880-87; Medical Examiner, Pru- 
 dential Insurance Company of America, since 1887. 
 Author of "Excision of a Rib for Empyema," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, 1885 ; "Stone in the Bladder Removed by 
 the Supra-pubic Operation," 1885. 
 
 General Medicine: 127 Pierrepont street, Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 ,, ^ T /-- (3d Medical Division, 1861, I. 
 
 Mead,* John Calvin, . . < "^ ^ c • i t^- • • .q^^^ tt 
 
 ' -^ ( 1st Surgical Division, 1867, 11. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1866; Interne, Charity Hospital, 
 New-York City, 1867-68. Born in Macon, Ga., June 
 II, 1844; died in Charity Hospital, New-York City, 
 August 24, 1868; cause, typhoid fever, intestinal 
 hemorrhage. 
 
 Metcalf, George Reuben, ist Medical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1872; A. M., 1875 ; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1874; at University of Berlin, 1875-76; Instructor 
 in Materia Medica, Syracuse (N. Y.) University, 1877- 
 1878; Curator and Librarian, 1878-79; Professor of 
 Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine, 1879-81 ; Visiting 
 Physician, House of the Good Shepherd, 1877-81 ; 
 Medical Director, Hudson River Tunnel, New-York 
 City, 1882; Surgeon, Northern Pacific R. R., St. Paul, 
 Minn., since 1883. Residence since leaving the hospi-
 
 2 54 ^^^ Account of Bel lev uc Hospital. 
 
 tal, Syracuse, N. Y. ; New-York City, and St. Paul, 
 Minn. 
 
 General Medicine : i lo West Fourth street, St. Paul, 
 Minn. 
 
 Metcalfe,* Francis Johnston, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1871, II. 
 
 M. D. , Columbia, 1871 ; at Vienna General Hospi- 
 tal; Hotcl-Dicu, Necker, Children's and St. Louis 
 Hospitals, Paris; Charite and Langcnbcck's Hospitals, 
 Berlin ; St. Thomas and London Throat Hospitals, 
 London ; Santa Maria Nuova, Florence. Residence 
 after leaving the hospital, New-York City and Flor- 
 ence, Italy. Born in 1850; died in Florence, Italy, 
 Feb. 7, 1892; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. Son of 
 John T. Metcalfe, Consulting Physician. 
 
 MiLBANK, Robert, 1st Medical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1878; 
 Curator, Charity Hospital, New-York City, 1880-85 ; 
 Attending Physician, Dispensary of the Church of the 
 Holy Communion, 1881-82 ; Bellevue Hospital Dispen- 
 sary, General Medicine, 1880-84; Visiting Physician, 
 New-York Infant Asylum, 1886-93. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Children: 154 
 West 48th street. New- York City. 
 
 Miller, Casper Otto, . . 2d Medical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1877-78; M. D., 1880; 
 University of the City of New-York, 1881 ; at Johns 
 Hopkins University, 1885-87. Residence since leaving 
 the hospital. New Market, Va., 1884-85, and Baltimore, 
 Md., since 1885. 
 
 General Medicine : 836 North Eutaw street, Balti- 
 more, Md. 
 
 MiLLiKiN,* Murray Gaylord, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1871, I & II. 
 
 Attended Miami University and Delaware (O.) Col- 
 lege; M. D., Bellevue, 1869; in practice in New-York 
 City, 1873-74. Born in Hamilton, O., June 14, 1849; 
 died there, July 14, 1874; cause, chronic nephritis.
 
 Internes. 255 
 
 Mills, Theodore Denton, ist Surgical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1874; A. M., 1877; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1876; at Post-graduate Medical School and Hos- 
 pital, 1886-87; Health Officer, Port Jervis, N. Y., 
 1879; Medical Examiner, N. Y. O. & W. R. R., Mid- 
 dletown to Liberty, N. Y., since 1883. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, Port Jervis, N. Y., 1877-81, and 
 Middletown, N. Y,, since 1881. 
 
 General Medicine, Surgery, and Diseases of the Eye 
 and Ear: Middletown, N. Y. 
 
 Minor, Solomon Carrington, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale College, 1873; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1892. 
 
 Address: 13 Cottage street, Bridgeport, Conn. 
 
 Mitchell, John Waite, . 3d Surgical Division, 1872, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1871 ; Attending Surgeon, Rhode 
 Island Hospital Dispensary, Providence, R. I., 1873-75 ; 
 Visiting Physician, Rhode Island Hospital, 1875-83 ; 
 Visiting Surgeon since 1883; President, Rhode Island 
 Emergency and Hygienic Association, since 1888; 
 Providence Medical Association, 1886-88; Rhode Is- 
 land Medical Society, 1889; Trustee and Consulting 
 Physician, Providence Lying-in Hospital; Consulting 
 Physician, St. Elizabeth's Home ; Rhode Island Cath- 
 olic Orphan Asylum. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 227 Benefit street, 
 Providence, R. I. 
 
 Mitchell, Sollace, ... 3d Surgical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1883; M. D., Bellevue, 1885 ; Chief 
 Surgeon, Jacksonville, Tampa & Key West Railway 
 System, since 1887; Surgeon in charge of Sand Hills 
 Yellow Fever Hospital, Jacksonville, Fla., during the 
 epidemic of 1888 ; Chief of Medical Staff, Schumacher 
 Hospital, 1891 ; Consulting Surgeon, South Florida 
 Sanitarium, Sanford, Fla., 1891. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 95 West Forsyth 
 street, Jacksonville, Fla.
 
 256 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 MOLA,* Emelio L., . . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1864, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellcvue, 1862; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, 1867; in practice for some years 
 in Peru ; subsequently in New-York City, and later still 
 in Cuba. Died in Puerto Principe, Cuba, 1887; cause, 
 pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 MoLLER,* George Henry, Jr., 3d Medical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1880; at General Hospital, 
 Vienna, 1881-82; in mercantile business, 1882-92. 
 Born in New-York City, 1854; died in New-York City, 
 -May 25, 1892; cause, cerebral meningitis. 
 
 Moneypenny, John Surgical Division. 1852, I. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1847; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1850; Attending Physician, New-York 
 Dispensary, 1852-53 ; Surgeon, U. S. Volunteers, 1862- 
 1863; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1863-65; 
 at General Hospital, Hampton, Va., and Newberne, 
 N. C, as volunteer in the yellow fever epidemic of 1864. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 
 1852-61 ; Cambridge, N. Y., since 1865. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Cambridge, N. Y. 
 
 Montgomery,* Frank, ... 2d Surgical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 At Washington and Lee College, 1869-74; A. B., 
 Yale, 1876; M. D., Bellevue, 1879; traveling in Europe, 
 1881-83 ; ^t University of Vienna, 1882 ; in practice in 
 New- York City, 1883-84; retired on account of ill 
 health, 1884-85. Born in Paris, France, March 26, 
 1854; died in New-York City, November, 1885 ; cause, 
 pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Moore, John, Surgical Division. 1851, I. 
 
 A. B., University of Indiana, 1845; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1850; studying in 
 Europe, 185 1 ; Attending Surgeon, New-York Dispen- 
 sary, 1852-53 ; First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. A., 1853-58; Captain and Surgeon, 1858-62; 
 Major and Surgeon, 1862-85 I Medical Director, Central 
 Grand Division, Army of the Potomac, 1862-63; Fifth 
 Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, 1863 ; Department
 
 Internes, 257 
 
 of Tennessee and Army of Georgia, 1863-65; Sherman's 
 Army, 1865 ; Military Division of the Mississippi, 1865 ; 
 Vicksburg, Miss., and Chief Medical Officer, District 
 of Mississippi, 1865-66; Lieutenant-Colonel, 1883-86; 
 Brigadier-General since 1886; Surgeon-General, 1886- 
 1890; retired since 1890. 
 
 Brigadier-General, U. S. A., retired : 903 i6th street, 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 Moore, Thomas Jefferson, . 3d Medical Division, 1870, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1858-60; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1868; State Senator, 
 North Carolina, 1876-77; First Vice-President, Medi- 
 cal Society of the State of North Carolina, 1882; Es- 
 sayist, 1880; Member of Medical Examining Board of 
 the State of Virginia, 1888; President, Richmond Med- 
 ical and Surgical Society, 1888; Orator of Medical 
 Society of Virginia, 1889. Author of "Pelvic Cellulitis," 
 Trans. Med. Soc, State N. C, 1880; "Report on 
 Scarlet Fever," Trans. Med. Soc, State Va., 1885; 
 "Penetrating Gunshot Wounds of the Abdomen," 
 Trans. Intern. Med. Cong., 9th Sess., Vol. II, p. 194. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Charlotte, N. C, 
 and Richmond, Va. 
 
 General Medicine: 400 East Franklin street, Rich- 
 mond, Va. 
 
 Morris, Robert Tuttle, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1884, I. 
 
 Preparatory Medical Course, Cornell, 1876-79; A. 
 M., honoris causa, Center College, Ky., 1892; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1882; Consulting Surgeon, Woman's Hos- 
 pital of the City of Brooklyn (N. Y.) since 1887; In- 
 structor in Surgery, New- York Post-graduate Medical 
 School, 1891 ; Associate Editor, "New England Medical 
 Monthly." Author of "How We Treat Wounds To- 
 day," Putnam, 1886; " Pott's Fracture Compared with 
 the Fracture of the Fibula which follows Abduction of 
 the Foot," N. Y. Med. Jour., Dec, 1887; "Healing 
 Through the Agency of Blood-clots," East. Med. Jour., 
 Felj., 1887; "The Results of Antiseptic Surgery as 
 Shown in a Series of One Hundred Operations," Ann. 
 Surg. , 1 886 ; " Exploratory Operation in Fracture of the 
 Cervical Vertebrae," ?rtV;/z, 1886; "Antiseptic Surgery 
 at Bellevue Hospital," N. Y. Med. Rec, 1884; "A 
 17
 
 258 A?i Account of BcLlevuc Hospital. 
 
 Scries of One Hundred Joint Resections at Saxtorph's 
 Clinic," Trans, from Danish, N. Eng. Med. Mon., 
 1886; "The Technique of Knee-joint Resection," Trans, 
 from German, idem, 1886; " Malignant Disease of the 
 Navel as a Secondary Complication," Trans. Intern. 
 Med. Cong., loth Sess. ; "Healing by Clot-Replace- 
 ment: Osteotomy for Bow Legs," Practice, 1889 ; *'The 
 Mechanism and Anatomical Features of Subluxation 
 of the Head of the Radius," N. Y. Med. Jour., 1889; 
 '' The Action of Trypsin, Pancreatic Extract, and Pep- 
 sin upon Sloughs," etc., N. Y. Med. Jour., 1891 ; "A 
 Third Series of One Hundred," etc., N. Eng. Med. 
 Mon. 1891 ; "A Fourth Series," etc.. Post-grad. Oct., 
 1892; "The Removal of Carious and Necrotic Bone 
 with Hydrochloric Acid and Pepsin," Trans. South. 
 Surg, and Gyn. Assoc, 1892. 
 
 Mechanical and Operative Surgery: 133 West 34th 
 street. New- York City. 
 
 Morrow, Samuel Roseburgh, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1870; A. M., 1874; M. D., Columbia, 
 1878; honoris causa, Albany, 1883; at London Hospi- 
 tal, London, General Hospital, Vienna, and at Halle, 
 1879-80; Lecturer on Minor Surgery, Albany (N. Y.) 
 Medical College, spring term, 1881-82 ; Adjunct Lec- 
 turer to the Chair of Surgery, 1884-86; Adjunct Pro- 
 fessor, 1886-88; and Lecturer on Anatomy, 1887-89; 
 Professor of Anatomy and Orthopsedic Surgery since 
 1890; Visiting Surgeon, St. Peter's Hospital, Albany, 
 N. Y., since 1881 ; Albany Hospital since 1886; Child's 
 Hospital since 1886; Vice-President, Medical Society 
 of the County of Albany, 1886-87. Author of " Five 
 Cases of Knock-knee Treated by Macewen's Method," 
 Albany Med. Ann., July, 1886; "Remarks on Intes- 
 tinal Obstruction," ide7n, Oct., 1887. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 29 South Hawk 
 street, Albany, N. Y. 
 
 MULLIKEN,* Edward, t . . . . Medical Division, 185 1, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. A. B., Harvard, 
 1846; A. M., 1853; M. D., College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1850. Died in 1857.
 
 Internes. 259 
 
 MuNKWiTZ, Frank Hermann, 3d Surgical Division, 1 891, II 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1890; in Berlin, 1892. 
 Address : 469 Juneau Place, Milwaukee, Wis. 
 
 MuNROE, George Edmund, 4th Surgical Division, 1878, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1874; M. D., Columbia, 1877; House 
 Surgeon, Woman's Hospital of the State of New-York, 
 1880-81 ; Lecturer on Diseases of Women, New-York 
 Post-graduate School, 1886-87; Attending Physician, 
 Presbyterian Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of Women, 
 since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine : 43 East 33d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Murdoch, James Bissett, . 2d Surgical Division, 1855, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1854; 
 Surgeon, Steamer North Star, 1855; 24th Regiment, 
 New-York Volunteers, 1861-62; Board of Enrolment, 
 22d District, State of New-York, 1865 ; City Physician, 
 Oswego, N. Y., 1864; President, Medical Society of the 
 County of Oswego, 1865 ; Surgeon, Western Pennsyl- 
 vania Hospital, Pittsburgh, since 1872; Professor of 
 Clinical Surgery, Western Pennsylvania Medical Col- 
 lege, since 1886; President Allegheny County (Penn.) 
 Medical Society, 1884; Medical Society of the State of 
 Pennsylvania, 1888. Author of "Relative Value of 
 Manipulation and Extension in Reduction of Disloca- 
 tions of the Hip," Trans. Med. Soc. State Penn., 1886; 
 "Operations upon the Foot, Especially Chopart's": 
 Address in Surgery, idem, 1887; "Amputations Con- 
 sidered with Reference to the Proper Time for their Per- 
 formance," Pitts. Med. Jour., Vol. I, p. 85 ; "Torsion 
 as a Haemostatic," Pitts. Med. Rev., Vol. I, p. 8. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Oswego, N. Y., 
 1856-72; Pittsburgh, Penn., since 1872. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 4232 Fifth Avenue, 
 Pittsburgh, Penn. 
 
 Murray, Robert Alexander, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1874, II, & 1875, I. 
 
 B. S., College of the City of New- York, 1871 ; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1873; Attending
 
 26o An Account of Bcllcvne Hospital. 
 
 Physician, Northwestern Dispensary, New-York City, 
 Diseases of Women, 1876-83 ; Visiting Physician, 
 Workhouse and Almshouse Hospitals, 1880-84; Visit- 
 ing Oljstetrician, Maternity Hospital, since 1884; As- 
 sistant Professor of Obstetrics, University of the City of 
 New-York, 1876-86; Instructor in Obstetrics, New-York 
 Polyclinic, 1887-88. Author of various articles on ob- 
 stetrical subjects in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women : 235 
 West 23d street, New-York City. 
 
 NAMMACK,t William H,, . j^d Medical Division, i88j, 11. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Physician. A. B., Col- 
 lege of the City of New-York, 1881 ; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1886. 
 
 General Medicine : 1 1 Rutgers street, New-York City. 
 
 Nash,* Frederick, Medical Division, 1852, I. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1846; A. M., later; M. D., Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons, 1850; Assistant Phy- 
 sician, New-York State Lunatic Asylum, Utica, 1857- 
 1858. Born in 1827 ; died inBonchurch, Isle of Wight, 
 June 16, 1 861 ; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Nealis,* William Thomas, 4th Medical Division, 1863, II. 
 
 A. B., St. Joseph's College, Zanesville, O., 1858; 
 M. D., Columbia, 1862; Surgeon, 69th Regiment, N. 
 G. S. N. Y., Corcoran's Legion ; mentioned for bravery 
 in general orders. Physician, City Prison, New-York 
 City, 1865-73 ; in practice in New-York City, 1865-79. 
 Born in New-York City, February 12, 1841 ; died in 
 New-York, January 15, 1879; cause, cirrhosis of the 
 liver, pleuritis. 
 
 Nelden, Harry Holcombe, . 3d Surgical Division, 1893, I. 
 
 M.D., Bellevue, 1891. 
 Address: Stanhope, N. J. 
 
 Nichols, Arthur Edward, ist Surgical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1880. 
 
 Electrical Business: Rochester, N. Y.
 
 Internes. 261 
 
 NiCOLL, Henry Denton, . . 3d Medical Division, 1867, II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1863; A. M., 1866; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1866; Visiting Surgeon, Woman's Hospital of 
 State of New-York. 
 
 General Medicine: 51 East 57th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 NoRCOM,* Frederick B.,| . 3d Medical Division, 1855, II. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Physician. M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1854; in practice 
 in Chicago, 111., 1855-61; and again, 1865-89; Sur- 
 geon, C. S. A., 1861-65; Surgeon to the Army of the 
 Tennessee. Born in New-York, April, 1830; died in 
 Chicago, 111., January 20, 1890; cause, influenza. 
 
 Norris, Henry Selden, . . 2d Medical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1876; 
 Clinical Assistant to the Chair of Diseases of Women, 
 University of the City of New-York, 1878-83 ; Attend- 
 ing Physician, New-York Dispensary, Diseases of Chil- 
 dren, 1878-79; New- York Dispensary for Diseases of 
 Children (extinct), 1878-83; Northern Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Women, 1882-87; Visiting Physician, City 
 (late Charity) Hospital, since 1882 ; Metropolitan Hos- 
 pital for Nervous Diseases, 1880-82; Clinical Assistant, 
 Diseases of Women, New-York Polyclinic, 1884-86. 
 
 General Medicine: 123 West 34th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 OAKES,t Wallace Kilbourne, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, iSjj, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. A. B., Bowdoin, 
 1870; A. M., 1874; M. D., Columbia, 1873; Examin- 
 ing Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, Auburn, Me., 
 1882-85 ; Major and Surgeon, National Guard, State of 
 Maine, 1884; President, Androscoggin County (Me.) 
 Medical Association, 1885 ; Medical Director, Maine 
 Benefit Life Insurance Association, since 1887; Orator, 
 Maine Medical Association, 1888; City Physician, Au- 
 burn ; President, Common Council. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Auburn, Me.
 
 262 An Accojint of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 O'Byrne, William J., . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1871, I. 
 
 A. B., St. John's College, Fordham, N. Y., 1866; 
 A. M., 1868; M. D., Bellcvue, 1870; Inspector, New- 
 York City Health Department, 1880-83; Physician to 
 St. John's College and St. Joseph's Institute for the 
 Deaf and Dumb. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 328 Alexander 
 Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Olds, Frank Williams, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 At Williams, 1876; M. D., Columbia, 1880; At- 
 tending Physician and Surgeon, St. Chrysostom's 
 Chapel Dispensary, since 1882. Author of " Outline 
 Note- and Case-book for Students and Practitioners," 
 1885. 
 
 General Medicine: 26 West 71st street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Olmsted,* George Herschel, ist Medical Division, 1864., I. 
 
 Died while House Physician. At Sodus (N. Y.) 
 Academy, 1857; M. D., Columbia, 1862; in printing 
 business in Jonesville, Mich., 1858; studying medicine 
 in Newark, N. J., 1859; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. 
 S. A., serving in Kentucky and Tennessee, 1861. Born 
 September 4, 1839; died in Bellevue Hospital, Decem- 
 ber 16, 1863; cause, typhus fever, contracted from a 
 single case in a general medical ward. Relative of 
 Henry King Olmsted (1852, I). 
 
 Olmsted, Henry King, . . . Medical Division, 1852, I. 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1846; A. M., 1849 ; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1851; Assistant Physician, 
 New-York Colored Home and Hospital, 1849-50; Sur- 
 geon, U. S. Mail Steamship Co., New-York City to 
 Colon, 1852-54; in general practice in New-York City 
 and East Hartford, Conn., 1855-66. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital. East Hartford and Hartford, Conn. 
 Relative of George Herschel Olmsted (1864, I). 
 
 Retired : Hartford, Conn. 
 
 Oppenhimer, William Tell, ist Surgical Division, 1884, I. 
 
 A. B., Washington and Lee, 1878; M. D., Medical 
 College of Virginia, 1881 ; University of the City ot
 
 Internes. 263 
 
 New-York, 1882; Professor of Minor Surgery, Medical 
 College of Virginia, since 1886; President, Board of 
 Health, Richmond, Va., since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: 106 North Ninth street, Rich- 
 mond, Va. 
 
 Owsley, § John BoDiNE,t iS^y, I or II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1856. Came from Lancaster, 
 Ky. 
 
 Owen, Henry E., . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1869, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; M. D., Columbia, 1867. 
 General Medicine : 40 West 5Gth street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Page, Charles, Surgical Division, 1851,!. 
 
 Attended Hallowell's School, Alexandria, Va. ; M. 
 D., University of the City of New- York, 1850; First 
 Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1851-56; 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, 1856-62; Medical Di- 
 rector, Baltimore, Md., 1861 ; Major and Surgeon, 
 1862-82; in charge Columbian General Hospital, 
 Washington, D. C, 1862; Medical Director, Hagers- 
 town, Md., 1862-63 ; Camp Convalescent, Alexandria, 
 Va., 1863-64; Assistant Medical Director, Army of the 
 Potomac, 1864-65 ; Medical Director, Second Army 
 Corps, Army of the Potomac, 1865; Surgeon-in-Chief, 
 District of Northeast Virginia, 1865 ; Brevet Lieutenant- 
 Colonel, for faithful and meritorious services during the 
 war, 1865 ; Medical Director, Department of the Caro- 
 linas. Department of the South and Second Military 
 District, 1866-68; Lieutenant-Colonel and Surgeon, 
 1882-87; Medical Director, Department of the Mis- 
 souri, 1884-91; Colonel and Assistant Surgeon-General 
 since 1887. 
 
 Colonel and Assistant Surgeon-General, U. S. A. : 
 Governor's Island, New-York Harbor. 
 
 Page, Isham Randolph, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1 86 1, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1855-56; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1858 ; Surgeon of Artil- 
 lery, Army of Northern Virginia, C. S. A., 1861-63;
 
 264 A)i Account of Bclievuc Hospital. 
 
 Medical Director, 1863-65 ; Professor of Principles and 
 Practice of Surgery, Washington University, Baltimore, 
 Md., 1874-77. Author of various articles in medical 
 journals. Residence since leaving the hospital, Rich- 
 mond, Va., 1865-70, and Baltimore, Md., since 1870. 
 
 General Medicine: 1206 Linden Avenue, Baltimore, 
 Md. 
 
 Page, Richard Channing Moore, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1869, II. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1860-61, and 1866-67; 
 M. D., 1867; University of the City of New-York, 
 1868; Private in Pendleton's Virginia Rockbridge Bat- 
 tery, Stonewall Brigade, 1861 ; Captain, Morris Artil- 
 lery, Second Corps, Lee's Army, 1862-64; Major and 
 Chief of Artillery, Department of Southwest Virginia 
 and East Tennessee, 1864-65 ; Professor of Diseases of 
 the Chest, New-York Polyclinic, since 1886 ; Chairman, 
 Section on Practice of Medicine, New-York Academy of 
 Medicine, 1888-90; Vice-President, New-York Acad- 
 emy of Medicine, since 1890. Author of "History of 
 the Page, Randolph, Nelson, Walker and Pendleton 
 Families in Virginia," Jenkins & Thomas, N. Y., 1883 ; 
 " Chart of Physical Diagnosis," 1886 ; " Handbook of 
 Physical Diagnosis of Diseases of the Organs of Res- 
 piration and Aortic Aneurism," J. H. Vail & Co., 
 1889; "A Practice of Medicine," Wm. Wood & Co., 
 1892. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Chest: 31 
 West 33d street, New-York City. 
 
 Paine, Henry E., 2d Surgical Division, 1863, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1863. 
 General Medicine : Dixon, III. 
 
 Painter, Harry McMahon, ist Medical Division, 1889, 11. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1884; Ph. B., 1885; M. D., Columbia, 
 1888; Assistant Attending Physician, Roosevelt Hospi- 
 tal Dispensary, Diseases of Women, since 1890; At- 
 tending Physician, Midwifery Dispensary, since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine: 602 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City.
 
 Internes. 265 
 
 Pardee, Howard Ashley, . 4th Medical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1880; 
 Attending Physician, University Dispensary, Diseases 
 of Women, 1883-84; Visiting Physician, Philadelphia 
 (Penn. ) Home for Incurables, 1885-87; Registrar, 
 Philadelphia Hospital, Obstetrical Division, 1886-87. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York City 
 and Philadelphia, Penn. 
 
 General Medicine: 3410 Baring street, Philadelphia, 
 Penn. 
 
 Parrish, James, 2d Medical Division, i860, II. 
 
 M. D., University of Virginia, 1858; University of 
 the City of New-York, 1861. 
 
 General Medicine: 408 Middle street, Portsmouth, 
 Va. 
 
 Parrish, John Wells, . . . ist Medical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine: Johnstown, N. Y. 
 
 Patchen,* Milligan, . . . . jd Medical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1883; Assistant Sanitary Inspector, 
 New-York City Health Department, 1883 ; did not join 
 the house staff. Born in Buffalo, N. Y., December 16, 
 i860; died in New-York City, July 21, 1883; cause, 
 accidental pistol wound. 
 
 Paton, Stewart, ist MedicalDivision, 1890, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1886; A. M., 1889; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1889; at University of Edinburgh, 1887-88; 
 Medical E.xaminer, Equitable Life Assurance Society, 
 1891. Author of "Tetanus and Rabies," N. Y. Med. 
 Rec, 1890, Vol. XXXVIII, No. 12. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women : 596 
 Lexington Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Peaslee, Edward H., . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1872; M. D., Columbia, 1875; Belle- 
 vue, 1875; at University of Berlin, 1877-78; Assistant
 
 266 An Account of Bellcvtie Hospital. 
 
 Surgeon, New-York State Woman's Hospital, since 
 1878. 
 
 General Medicine : 29 Madison Avenue, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Peck, Anthony, 3d Medical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 A. B., Hamilton College, 1872; M. D. , University 
 of the City of New-York, 1875. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 4 Sachem Terrace, 
 Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Peck, Morton Roberts, . . 4th Surgical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 At Harvard, 1884-86; M. D., Columbia, 1889; As- 
 sistant Attending Surgeon, New-York Dispensary, and 
 in Genito-urinary Diseases and Diseases of the Skin, 
 since 1890 ; Assistant, Vanderbilt Clinic, General Med- 
 icine, since 1890; New-York Polyclinic, Diseases of 
 Women, since 1S90. 
 
 General Medicine: 66 East 126th street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 Peck,* Washington Freeman, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1863, II. 
 
 A. M , University of Wisconsin, 1872; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1863; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at 
 Lincoln General Hospital, Washington, D. C, 1863- 
 1865 ; Professor of Surgery and Clinical Surgery, Uni- 
 versity of Iowa, 1870-91 ; Visiting Surgeon, Mercy 
 Hospital, Iowa City, la., 1871-91 ; Surgeon-in-Chief, 
 C, R. I. & P. R. R., 1875-91; Secretary, Medical 
 Society State Iowa, 1865-66; President, 1875-76; Presi- 
 dent, Scott County (la.) Medical Society, 1873-74; 
 Chairman, Surgical Section, American Medical Associ- 
 ation, 1883. Author of various articles in medical jour- 
 nals. Born in Wayne County, N. Y., 1841 ; died in 
 Davenport, la., December 12, 1891 ; cause, valvular 
 cardiac disease. 
 
 Pell, Arthur, 3d Surgical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1873; A. M., 1876; M. D., Belie- 
 vue, 1876. Brother of Richard Varick Pell (1867, I). 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Goshen, N. Y.
 
 Internes. 267 
 
 Pell,* Richard Varick, . . ist Surgical Division, i86j, I. 
 
 Died while Senior Assistant. A. B., Columbia, 1862 ; 
 later, M. D., Bellevue, 1865. On the afternoon of August 
 20, 1866, Pell visited his home in Brooklyn, N. Y., and 
 returned to the hospital in the evening in his usual 
 health. On the following morning he was taken with 
 slight diarrhea, which soon became choleraic ; he went 
 into collapse at 7 P. M. the same day. He remained 
 comatose until 4 A. M. on the 22d, when he died in his 
 own room in the hospital. Born in Barbadoes, N. J., 
 July 28, 1843 ; died in Bellevue Hospital, August 22, 
 1866; cause, Asiatic cholera, contracted in the hospi- 
 tal. Brother of Arthur Pell (1877, I). 
 
 Pennington, John Condict, 2d Surgical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1871; A. M., 1874; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1875. Residence since leaving the hospital. 
 Cold Spring, N. Y. ; Newark, N. J. ; Andover, Mass. ; 
 Colorado Springs, Col. ; and Morristown, N. J. 
 
 Retired: Morristown, N. J. 
 
 Perry, James Leonard, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1873, II, & 1874, I. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1863; B. S., Lawrence Scientific, 
 1868; M. D., Bellevue, 1872; Interne, Woman's Hos- 
 pital of the State of New-York, 1877-79 ; Clinical As- 
 sistant to the Chair of Practice of Medicine, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1872-77; Assistant Attend- 
 ing Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases 
 of Children, 1874; Attending Physician, 1875; Visiting 
 Gynecologist, Infants' Hospital, Randall's Island, New- 
 York City, 1880-82. 
 
 Diseases of Women : 79 West 47th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Peugnet,* Eugene Emile Ramsey, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, i860, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1858; 
 Assistant Physician, Infants' Hospital, Randall's Island, 
 New-York City, 1860-61 ; Surgeon, 71st Regiment, N. 
 G. S. N. Y., 1861 ; at the first Battle of Bull Run, and 
 taken prisoner at Sudley Church ; Surgeon, ist Brigade,
 
 268 A 71 Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 1st Division, N. G. S. N. Y., 1861-62; in practice in 
 Fordham, N. Y., 1862-68, and again 1869-74; at Cli- 
 nique a I'Hopital des Enfans Malades, Paris, 1868-69. 
 Born in New-York City, March 17, 1837; killed near 
 Fordham, N. Y., October, 1879, in an accident on the 
 New-York & Harlem R. R. 
 
 PHELPS. CHARLES, • - • S '^ f'^'^^\ f^'^'^''°"' 'X\l I, 
 ' ' (3d Surgical Division, 1859, II. 
 
 A. B., Brown, 1853; A. M., 1855; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1858; Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1861-63; 
 Visiting Surgeon, St. Vincent's Hospital, since 1870; 
 Bellevue Hospital since 1878 ; Chief Surgeon, New-York 
 City Police Department, since 1885 ; President, Society 
 of the Alumni of Bellevue Hospital, 1890-91. 
 
 General Surgery: 34 West 37th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Phillips, Daniel Russell, 4th Stirgical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 A. B., University of Michigan, 1884; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1887. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Care Dr. Sam. Phil- 
 lips, cor. Delaware & Fifth streets, Leavenworth, Kan. 
 
 PiERSOX, Stephen, ist Medical Division, 1870, I. 
 
 At Yale, i86i,and in 1865; A. M., 1868; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1869. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 Boonton, N. J., 1870-73; Morristown, N. J., since 
 
 1873- 
 General Medicine: 50 South street, Morristown, N. J. 
 
 PiKFARD, Henry G., .... 2d Surgical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1862; 
 A. M., 1865; M. D., Columbia, 1864; Surgeon, 71st 
 Regiment, N. G, S. N. Y., 1867-68; Lecturer on 
 Urinary Analysis, University of the City of New-York, 
 1873; Professor of Diseases of the Skin, 1875-82, and 
 since 1884; Visiting Surgeon, Charity Hospital, 1871- 
 1885 ; Consulting Surgeon since 1885 ; Consulting 
 Surgeon, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, 1877-89 ; Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin, since 1884. 
 Author of "A Guide to Urinary Analysis," \Vm. Wood
 
 Internes. 269 
 
 & Co., 1873; ''Elementary Treatise on Diseases of 
 the Skin," Lond. & N. Y., MacMillan & Co., 1876; 
 "Materia Medica and Therapeutics of the Skin," Wm. 
 Wood & Co., 1S81 ; " Practical Treatise on Diseases of 
 the Skin," D. A. & Co., 1891 ; and various articles in 
 medical journals. 
 
 Diseases of the Skin : 10 West 35th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Pilgrim, Charles Winfield, 2d Medical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1881 ; at General Hospital, Vienna, 
 and in Munich and Berlin, 1885-86; Assistant Physi- 
 cian, State Asylum for Insane Criminals, Auburn, N. Y., 
 1882; Second Assistant Physician, New-York State 
 Lunatic Asylum, Utica, N. Y., 1882-88 ; First Assistant 
 Physician, 1888-90; Superintendent, Willard State Hos- 
 pital, Willard, N. Y, , since 1890; Associate Editor, 
 "American Journal of Insanity," 1882-90. Author of 
 "Acute Lobar Pneumonia with Cardiac Failure," 
 Independ. Pract., May, 1882; " The Advantages and 
 Dangers of Intra-uterine Injections," idem, July, 1882; 
 "A Case of Epileptic Insanity with the Echo Sign well 
 Marked," Amer. Jour. Insan., April, 1884; "A Case of 
 Spontaneous Rupture of the Heart," idem, Jan., 1885 ; 
 " Pyro-mania (so called), with Report of a Case," idem, 
 April, 1885. Residence since leaving the hospital. Au- 
 burn, N. Y., 1882; Utica, N. Y., 1882-90; and Wil- 
 lard, N. Y., since 1890. 
 
 Mental and Nervous Diseases: Willard, N. Y. 
 
 PiNGRY, James Oakley, . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1870, I. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1862; 
 A. M., 1865; M. D., Columbia, 1868. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Elizabeth, N. J., 1870; 
 Mabbettsville, N. Y., 1870-72; Millbrook, N. Y., since 
 1872. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Millbrook, Dutchess 
 County, N. Y. 
 
 PiXKERTON, Samuel H., . . 3d Surgical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1883. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, New-York City, and Salt Lake City, U. T. 
 
 General Medicine : 236 Main street. Salt Lake City, 
 U. T.
 
 270 A 71 Account of Be/ lev uc Hospital. 
 
 PiNKNEV,* Howard, .... 3d Surgical Division, 1861, I. 
 
 A. B. , New- York Free Academy, 1856; A. M., 1859; 
 M. D., Columbia, i860; Assistant Surgeon, 9th Regi- 
 ment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1861-62; Acting Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A., in charge of Army Hospital in Fred- 
 erick City, Va., 1862. In practice in New-York City 
 subsequently and until 1888; Attending Surgeon, New- 
 York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Ear Department. Born 
 in New-York City, January 9, 1838; died suddenly in a 
 railway carriage on the way to London, Eng., May, 1888. 
 
 PiNNEY, Royal Watson, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1890, I. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1885; M. D., Columbia, 1888. 
 General Medicine: Derby, Conn. 
 
 Plvmpton,* Henry Sylvanus, 3d Medical Division, 1862, H. 
 
 At Hopkins' Classical School, Cambridge, Mass., 
 1854-57; Lawrence Scientific School, student in medi- 
 cine, 1857; M. D., Harvard, i860; Columbia, 1861 ; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at the DcCamp 
 General Hospital, David's Island, New-York Harbor, 
 1862-63; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., on U. S. S. 
 North Carolina, 1863. Born in Cambridge, Mass., 
 March 13, 1838; died in that place, September 25, 
 1863; cause, acute lobar pneumonia, pulmonary tuber- 
 culosis. 
 
 Pointer.* Samuel C.,t . . . ist Medical Division, i8j6, II. 
 
 Resigned while House Physician. At University of 
 Virginia, 1851-53; M. D., University of the City of 
 New-York, 1855; in practice in Memphis, Tenn., 
 1856-58; retired on account of ill health, and residing 
 in Pulaski, Tenn., 1858-59; in Europe, 1859-61; in 
 Texas, 1861. Born in Maury County, Tenn., 1834; 
 died near Houston, Tex., 1861; cause, pulmonary 
 tuberculosis. 
 
 Polk, William Mecklenburg, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1870, II. 
 
 At Virginia Military Institute, 1863; LL. D., Uni- 
 versity of the South, 1890; M. D., Columbia, 1869; 
 Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1870; Assistant Demonstra-
 
 Inter7ies. 2 7 1 
 
 tor of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
 1871 ; Lecturer on Diseases of the Abdominal Organs, 
 Columbia, spring course, 1875 ; Professor of Materia 
 Medica, Therapeutics, and Clinical Medicine, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1876-79; Professor of Obstet- 
 rics and Diseases of Women and Children, University 
 of the City of New-York, since 1879; Visiting Physi- 
 cian, Bellevue Hospital, 1874-82; Visiting Gyncecologist 
 since 1882; Visiting Physician, Emergency (Lying-in) 
 Hospital, since 1880; St. Luke's Hospital, 1878-88; 
 Consulting Gynaecologist since 1888; Consuhing Phy- 
 sician, Trinity Infirmary, since 1878 ; Northern Dispen- 
 sary since 1881 ; St. Vincent's Hospital since 1890. 
 Author of " Surgical Anatomy of the Female Pelvic 
 Organs," N. Y. Med. Jour., 1882 ; " Observations upon 
 the Surgical Anatomy of the Gravid Uterus," N. Y. 
 Med. Jour., May 3, 1884 ; " Report of Sixteen Cases of 
 Salpingitis Showing its Relation to Cellulitis," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, Sept. 18, 1886; "Relation of Medicine to 
 the Problem of Socialism," N. Y. Med. Rec, Dec. 21, 
 1889; also articles in Trans. Amer. Gynec. Soc. 
 
 Obstetrics and Diseases of Women : 7 East 36th 
 street, New-York City. 
 
 Pope, Alexander Barnett, ist Medical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1884; Attending Physician, Belle- 
 vue Hospital Dispensary, General Medicine, 1886-88; 
 Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 
 1888-92; Vanderbilt Clinic, Diseases of Children, 
 1888-92 ; Instructor in General Medicine and Diseases 
 of the Heart and Lungs, New-York Polyclinic, since 
 1888. Nephew of BolHng A. Pope (1857, I). 
 
 General Medicine: 126 West 45th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Pope, Bolling A., . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1857, I. 
 
 Attended University of Virginia; M. D., University 
 of the City of New-York, 1856; studied at Paris, Berlin, 
 Vienna, Heidelberg, and Wiirzburg ; Lecturer on the 
 Eye and Ear, University of Louisiana, 1867-86. Au- 
 thor of "A Contribution to Physiological Optics," 
 Knapp's Archiv. Ophthal., Vol. I, p. 459; " Entoptic 
 Phenomena Connected with the Circulation of the 
 Blood," idem^ Vol. I, p. I ; " Iridectomy without Divi-
 
 2/2 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 sion of the Sphincter of the Pupil," idem. Vol. II, p. 87 ; 
 " Extirpation of the Fibro-cartilage of the Upper Eye- 
 lid for the Cure of Certain Cases of Entropion and 
 Trichiasis," idem, Vol. I, p. 10; "The Use of Acetic 
 Acid in Affections of the Conjunctiva Corneas," idem, 
 Vol. I, p. 446; " Mechanism of the Pigmentation of the 
 R'itina," Wiirzb. Med. Zeitsch. ; " Fistula Cornea:," 
 Muller&P., idem; "Retinitis Pigmentosa," Ophthal. 
 Hosp. Rcpts., Vol. IV, p. 76; various articles in Re- 
 ports State Soc. Trans. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, New Orleans, La., and Dallas, Tex. Uncle 
 of Alexander B. Pope (1886, I). 
 
 Diseases of the Eye: 609 Main street, Dallas, Tex. 
 
 Pope, George C, 2d Medical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New- York, 1883; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 933 Park Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Porter,* George, 2d Medical Division, 1864, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1862; subsequently to leaving the 
 hospital he went to Europe, and on his return resided 
 in Detroit, Mich. Reported to have died there some 
 years ago. 
 
 Porter, \Villt.\m Evelyn, . 4th Medical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 A. B., Harvard, 1885; M. D., Columbia, 1888; As- 
 sistant Attending Surgeon, New-York Cancer Hospital, 
 since 1890; Instructor in Diseases of Women, New- 
 York Polyclinic, since 1890; Attending Physician, 
 Northern Dispensary, Diseases of Women, 1892. 
 
 General Medicine: 50 West 33d St., New- York City. 
 
 Powell, Seneca D., .... 2d Medical Division, 1871, I. 
 
 M. D , University of Virginia, 1869; University of 
 the City of New-York, 1870; Assistant Inspector, New- 
 York City Health Department, 1871-72; Surgeon of 
 Brigade, N. G. S. N. Y., 1875 ; Clinical Assistant, 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, Chair of Practice of 
 Medicine, 1871-72; Attending Physician, Central Dis- 
 pensary, 1871-75; Northwestern Dispensary, 1875-79; 
 Assistant to the Chair of Surgery, University of the City 
 of New-York, 1878-82 ; Lecturer on Surgical Dressings,
 
 Internes. 273 
 
 New- York Post-graduate Medical School, 1882-83; In- 
 structor, 1883-84; Professor of Minor Surgery, 1885- 
 1887; Professor of Clinical Surgery since 1887 ; Visit- 
 ing Surgeon, St. Elizabeth's Hospital, since 1886; New- 
 York Infant Asylum since 1887. 
 
 General Surgery: 12 West 40th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Pratt, William H. B., . . . ist Medical Division, 1869, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; M. D., Columbia, 1867; at uni- 
 versities in Germany, 1869-72; Visiting Physician, 
 Methodist Episcopal Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine : 94 Sixth Avenue, Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Pray,* Orestes M., .... 2d Surgical Division, 1865, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1863; studied in Europe after leav- 
 ing the hospital, subsequently and until 1869 in practice 
 in Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Clinical Assistant, Brooklyn Eye 
 and Ear Hospital, 1868-69. Killed in an accident on 
 the Long Island R. R., near Jamaica, N. Y., April 3, 
 1869. 
 
 Pryer,* William Chardovoyne, 
 
 3d Surgical Division, 1863, I. & II. 
 
 Attended Columbia (Academic Department). M. D., 
 Columbia, 1862; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 at De Camp General Hospital, David's Island, New- 
 York Harbor, 1863-65 ; in practice in New Rochelle, N. 
 Y., 1864-88; one of the founders of the New-York 
 State Medical Association. Born in New-York City, 
 February 14, 1834; died in New Rochelle, N. Y., 
 September 24, 1888; cause, hip disease. 
 
 Pryor, William Rice, ... 2d Medical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 At Washington and Lee, 1875-76; Princeton, 1876- 
 1877; M. D., Columbia, 1881 ; Assistant Surgeon, 
 71st Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y. ; Surgeon, 22d Regi- 
 ment, subsequently ; Visiting Gynsecologist, St. Eliza- 
 beth's Hospital ; Assistant to the Chair of Surgery and 
 of Diseases of Women, New-York Polyclinic. Author 
 of "A Case of Salpingo-oophorectomy " ; "Treatment
 
 2/4 ^'^ Account of Be I lev lie Hospital. 
 
 of Mammary Abscess," Va. Med. Mon. ; "A Case of 
 Precocious Development," Amer. Jour, Obstet. 
 
 Obstetrics and Diseases of Women : 1 5 Park Avenue, 
 New-York City. 
 
 PuLLKV, William Joseph, . 3d Medical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 At Vanderbilt University, 1884-88; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1891 ; Assistant to Chair of Materia Mcdica and Thera- 
 peutics and of Clinical Medicine, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, since 1892; Attending Physician, De- 
 milt Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1892-93; At- 
 tending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Genito- 
 urinary Diseases, 1893. 
 
 General Medicine : 227 East 86th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 QUIMBY, Charles E., . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1879, II. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1874; A. M., 1877; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1878 ; Attending Phy- 
 sician, University Dispensary, Diseases of the Heart and 
 Lungs, since 1884; Bellevue Hospital Dispensary since 
 1887 ; Lecturer on Practice of Medicine, University of 
 the City of New-York, 1884-89; Associate Professor 
 since 1889; Assistant Visiting Physician, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital, since 1888; Consulting Physician, Hospital for 
 Contagious Diseases, North Brother Island, since 1889. 
 Author of "Endocarditis," Buck's Hndbk. Med. Sc, 
 1887, Vol. III., p. 288; " Pneumonokoniosis," idem. 
 Vol. IV., p. 597; "Diseases of the Bronchial Glands," 
 idem. Vol. IV., p. 584. Residence since leaving the hos- 
 pital. Great Falls, N. H., 1880-82, and New-York 
 City since 1882. 
 
 General Medicine : 44 West 36th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Ranney, Ambrose Loomis, ist Surgical Division, 1872, II. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1868; A. M., 1874; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1871 ; Attending Sur- 
 geon, Northern Dispensary, 1872-75 ; Northwestern 
 Dispensary, 1872-74; Visiting Surgeon, New-York 
 Post-graduate Hospital, since 1885 ; Professor of Minor 
 Surgery and Genito-urinary Organs, University of the 
 City of New-York, 1876-79; Adjunct Professor of 
 Anatomy, 1879-84; Professor of Anatomy and Phy-
 
 Ijiternes. 275 
 
 siology of the Nervous System, New-York Post-gradu- 
 ate Medical School, since 1884; Professor of Anatomy, 
 University of Vermont, 1886-88; Professor of Mental 
 and Nervous Diseases since 1888. Author of "Essen- 
 tials of Anatomy," G. P. Putnam Sons & Co., 1881 ; 
 "Practical Treatise on Surgical Diagnosis," Wm. 
 Wood & Co., 1878; "Practical Medical Anatomy," 
 Wm. Wood & Co., 1884; "Applied Anatomy of the 
 Nervous System," D. A. & Co., 1883; "Lectures on 
 Nervous Diseases," F. A. Davis, Phila., 1888. Brother 
 of Walter L. Ranney (1880, II). 
 
 Diseases of the Nervous System : 156 Madison Ave- 
 nue, New-York City. 
 
 Ranney,* Walter L., . . . 2d Medical Division, 1880, II. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1877; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1880; Atten- 
 ding Physician, Eastern Dispensary, New-York City, 
 1881-82; New-York Dispensary, 1882-88; University 
 Dispensary, 1884-88 ; Lecturer on Practice of Medicine, 
 University of the City of New-York, 1886-88 ; Professor 
 of Physical Diagnosis, University of Vermont, 1886-88. 
 Born in New-York City, September 9, 1858; died in 
 New- York City, August 17, 1888; cause, chronic diffuse 
 nephritis, uremia. Brother of Ambrose L. Ranney 
 (1872,11). 
 
 Raphael,* Henry, .... 2d Surgical Division, 1863, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1862; Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. A., 1865-66; in practice in New-York City, 
 1866-88; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of the Genito-urinary Organs; At- 
 tending Surgeon, Northeastern Dispensary, 1866-67; 
 Attending Physician, Eastern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Children, 1867; District Physician, Department of 
 Public Charities and Correction, 1869 ; Attending Phy- 
 sician, Manhattan Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 
 1871 ; Assistant to the Chair of Obstetrics and Diseases 
 of Women and Children, Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College, 1869-71. Translator of " Vogel's Treatise on 
 Diseases of Children," D. A. & Co., 1871 ; "Von 
 Zeissl's Pathology and Treatment of Syphilis." Died 
 suddenly, August 5, 1888, aged forty-seven years; 
 cause, cardiac disease.
 
 276 An Account of Bcllcviie Hospital. 
 
 Rauch,! David Louis, . . , jd Surgical Division, i8g2, I. 
 
 Left the hospital while Junior Assistant. M. D., 
 Belle vue, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 103 1 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 Ravenhill,* Lefroy, .... Medical Division, iSji, II. 
 
 Died while House Physician. At Classical School, 
 College of Toronto, 1835 ; in New-York, 1836-51 ; A. 
 B., Columbia, 1845; A. M., 1849; M. D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1849; Librarian of Columbia 
 College, 1847-51. Born in Xewry, Ire., in 1825 ; died 
 in Bellevue Hospital, May 24, 185 1; cause, typhus 
 fever, contracted while on duty in the hospital. 
 
 Rawson,* Charles HAMlLTON,t Surgical Division, 1852, I. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. ^L D., College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 1851; Surgeon on Steamer 
 Lcii'is, between San Juan and San Francisco, 1852 ; and 
 subsequently and until 1856 Surgeon to Marine Hospi- 
 tal, San Francisco; Surgeon, 5th Regiment, Iowa Vol- 
 unteers, 1 861 ; Brigade-Surgeon, United States Volun- 
 teers, 1862; Acting Medical Director, U. S. Volun- 
 teers, later; in practice in Des Moines, la., 1856-61, 
 and again, 1868-84. Born in Orleans Co., Vt., July 
 16, 1828; died in Des Moines, la., June 27, 1884; 
 cause, enlarged, indurated liver. 
 
 Raymond,! Henry Ingle, . ist Surgical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. A. B., Wabash Col- 
 lege, 1877; A. M., 1880; M. D., Bellevue, 1880; Pro- 
 fessor of Physiology and Clinical Medicine, College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, Indianapolis, Ind., 1883-84; 
 First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 
 1881 (resigned, 1883; reappointed, 1885); Captain and 
 Assistant Surgeon since 1890. Author of "Analogy 
 between Union in Scion-grafting and the Healing Pro- 
 cess of Wounds," N. Y. Med. Rec, April 14, 1883; 
 "Primary Antiseptic Occlusion in Military Practice," 
 idem, Oct. 28, 1882 ; "Gun-shot Injury in the Clavicu- 
 lo-scapular Region Treated by Primary Antiseptic Oc- 
 clusion with a Single Dressing," idem, Dec. 2, 1882;
 
 I liter lies. 277 
 
 "Compound Gun-shot Fracture of Radius — Primary 
 Antiseptic Occlusion," idem, Jan. 23, 1886. 
 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A. : care Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Reid, John J., 2d Medical Division, 1870, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1869; Visiting Physician, City 
 (late Charity) Hospital, New- York City, since 1876; 
 New-York Foundling Asylum since 1885. Author of 
 " Tracheotomy, with the Description of a Method Es- 
 pecially Adapted to Young Children," July, 1877; "A 
 Method of Suspension by Adhesive Plaster, in Plaster 
 of Paris Treatment of Disease of the Spine," July, 1878. 
 
 General Medicine : 853 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 Reynolds,* James Banks, . ist Medical Division, 1857, I- 
 
 M. D. , College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1856; 
 Attending Physician, Eastern Dispensary, New-York 
 City, 1857; at hospitals in Paris and London, and Resi- 
 dent Physician, Dublin Lying-in Hospital, 1859; At- 
 tending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, New-York City, 
 Diseases of Children, 1859-62, and 1865-70; Assistant 
 Surgeon, 71st Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1861 ; Sur- 
 geon, 1862-65 ; Visiting Physician, New-York Colored 
 Home and Hospital, 1865 ; Consulting Physician, later; 
 Visiting Physician, Nursery and Child's Hospital, 
 1869-82; New-York Foundling Asylum, 1869-82; 
 President of the Medical Board of the latter, 1874-82. 
 Born in New-York City, April 8, 1833 ; died in Port 
 Chester, N. Y., August 18, 1882; cause, pyelitis, sep- 
 ticaemia. 
 
 Richards,* Joseph B., . . , . Medical Division, i86i^I. 
 
 Died while Senior Assistant. M. D., College of Phy- 
 sicians and Surgeons, 1859. Born in Oneida County, 
 N. Y., January 20, 1836; died in Bellevue Hospital, 
 June 4, i860; cause, appendicitis, perforation, general 
 peritonitis. 
 
 Richards, Thomas Lincoln, ist Medical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1891. 
 Address : Fort Atkinson, Wis. 
 
 i8a
 
 278 A 71 Account of Dcllcviie Hospital. 
 
 Richardson,* George N., . 2d Surgical Division, 1853, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1852; 
 Secretary, Medical Society of the County of Richmond, 
 N. Y., 1866-69; in practice in Stapleton, N. Y., until 
 1874 or 1875. Reported to have come from Charlottes- 
 ville, Va., and to have died in Stapleton, X. Y., 1874 
 or 1875. 
 
 Richardson,* William Henry Harrison, 
 
 Medical Division, 1850, III. 
 
 Attended Dartmouth. M. D., Berkshire, 1849; in 
 practice in East Montpelier, Vt., 185 1 ; in Montpelier, 
 1856-67 ; in Winona, Minn., 1867-74. Born in Orange, 
 Vt., 1824; died in Winona, Minn., June 5, 1874; 
 cause, cerebral hemorrhage. 
 
 RiGGS,* Benjamin Clapp, . . ist Medical Division, 1869, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1865 ; M. D., Columbia, 1869; Interne, 
 St. Luke's Hospital, New-York City, 1869-70; in 
 Vienna, 1870-72; Visiting Physician, Church Home 
 and Infirmary, Baltimore, Md., 1873-74; in Europe, 
 1874-75; New-York City, 1875-76; Europe, 1876-79. 
 Retired on account of ill health, residing in New-York 
 City, 1879-83. Born in St. Louis, Mo., February 16, 
 1845; died at Saranac Lake, N. Y., April 18, 1883; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 RivES,* Alexander,! 1862, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., University 
 of Virginia, 1859; University of the City of New-York, 
 1861 ; Assistant Surgeon, C. S. A., 1861-65 ; in prac- 
 tice in Memphis, Tenn., and Floreyville, Miss., 1865- 
 1875. Born in Virginia, 1838; died in Floreyville, 
 Miss., 1875 ; cause, malarial fever. Cousin of Edward 
 C. Rives (1858, II). 
 
 RiVES,* Edward C.,t 1858, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant (?). At University of 
 Virginia, 1849-50; M. D., College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1857; Interne, Infants' Hospital, Randall's 
 Island, New-York City, 1858-60; in practice in Vir- 
 ginia, 1860-61 ; Regimental, and later Brigade-Surgeon,
 
 Internes. 279 
 
 C. S. A., 1861-65 ; in practice in Cincinnati, O., 1865- 
 1874; Professor of Physiology, Medical College of Ohio, 
 1866-69; Visiting Physician, Cincinnati Hospital, 1872- 
 1874; in Hillsboro, O., on account of ill health,, 1875- 
 1883. Born in Cincinnati, O., August 27, 1833; died 
 in Hillsboro, O., September 26, 1883; cause, cardiac 
 disease. Cousin of Alexander Rives (1862, I). 
 
 RoBERTS,t Charles Frederick, 
 
 ist Medical Division, i88j, I. 
 
 Left the hospital while Senior Assistant. M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1883. 
 
 General Medicine : Wolfboro, N. H. 
 
 RoBiE,t John Wilson, . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1863, I. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1861; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., at Ladies' 
 Home, U. S. Army Hospital, New-York City, 1862-65 j 
 Surgeon, 12th Regiment, N. G. S. N. Y., 1867-68; 
 President, Yorkville (New- York City) Medical Associa- 
 tion, 1880. Residence since leaving the hospital, New- 
 York City, 1865-81; Santa Barbara, Cal., 1882-83; 
 New London, Conn., 1884-86; Asbury Park, N. J., 
 since 1886. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Asbury Park, N. J. 
 
 Rodriguez, Marcos Martin, 2d Medical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 A. B., College of Cartago, Costa Rica, 1883 ; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1889; at Media 
 Academy, 1885-86; at New-York Polyclinic, 1890-91. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Heredia, Costa 
 Rica, C. A. 
 
 Root, Edward K., ist Surgical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1879; 
 at General Hospital, Vienna, 1881-82; Interne-student, 
 Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, 1881-82; Examining Sur- 
 geon, U. S. Pension Bureau, Hartford, Conn., 1884-85 ; 
 Visiting Physician, Hartford Hospital. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 238 Main street, 
 Hartford, Conn.
 
 2 8o All Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Rose, John Henry, .... 2d Medical Division, 1894, II. 
 
 A. B.,Hobart College, 1889; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1892. 
 
 Address: Branchport, N. Y. 
 
 Roth, Julius Augustus, . ist Medical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New- York, 1879; M. 
 D., Bellevue, 1882; Assistant in Diseases of the Eye 
 and Ear, New-York Polyclinic, 1883-85 ; Attending 
 Physician, Mount Sinai Hospital Dispensary, Diseases 
 of the Eye and Ear, and Diseases of the Throat, since 
 1884. 
 
 General Medicine : 308 East 79th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 ROWE,* Eugene O., . . . . ^d Surgical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 Died while Junior Assistant. M. D., Bellevue, 1864; 
 engaged in mercantile business before he began the 
 study of medicine. Born in New-York City, Septem- 
 ber 5, 1841 ; died in Bellevue Hospital, January 12, 
 1864; cause, typhus fever, contracted in the hospital. 
 Nephew of James Rushmore Wood. 
 
 RussEL,* Charles Porter, . ist Surgical Division, 1859, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1858; 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862-63; Medical In- 
 spector, Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, 
 1864; Inspector, Metropolitan Board of Health, New- 
 York City, 1869; Register of Vital Statistics, 1870-73; 
 Treasurer, New-York Public Health Association. Au- 
 thor of a brochure on " Hydrophobia." Born in Penn- 
 sylvania; died in New- York City, June 13, 1886; cause, 
 a large perityphlitic abscess which was opened. 
 
 Sanders, Edward, .... ist Medical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1870-73 ; M. 
 D., University of the City of New-York, 1876; Atten- 
 ding Physician, Mount Sinai Hospital Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Women, since 1879. Author of "Acute 
 Croupous Pneumonia, — Is It an Infectious Disease?" 
 Arch. Med., June, 1881 ; "The Geographical and Cli- 
 matic Relations of Pneumonia: A Statistical Study,"
 
 Internes, 281 
 
 Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, Vol. LXXXIV. ; "A Study of 
 Primary, Immediate, or Direct Hemorrhage into the 
 Ventricles of the Brain," ide7n, Vols. LXXXI. and 
 LXXXII. 
 
 General Medicine: 126 East 82d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 SANDS,* HENRY Berton, . pd Medical Division, 1855. L 
 ' ( ist Surgical Division, lojo, 11. 
 
 Resigned while House Surgeon. A. M., honoris 
 causa, Yale, 1883; M. D., College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1854; studied in Europe, 1856; Assistant 
 Demonstrator of Anatomy, College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons, 1856-57; Demonstrator, 1857-66; Professor, 
 1867-79; Professor of the Practice of Surgery, 1879- 
 1888; Visiting Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital, 1862-77; 
 Charity Hospital, 1865-66; Mount Sinai Hospital, 
 later; St. Luke's Hospital, 1862-70; Consulting Sur- 
 geon, 1870-84; Visiting Surgeon, New-York Hospital, 
 1864-81; Consulting Surgeon, 1881-84; Visiting Sur- 
 geon, Strangers' Hospital, 1871-72; Roosevelt Hospi- 
 tal, 1872-88. Author of " A Case of Cancer of the Lar- 
 ynx Successfully Removed by Laryngotomy ; with an 
 Analysis of Fifty cases of Cancer of the Larynx Treated 
 by Operation," N. Y. Med. Jour., May, 1861; "On 
 the Use of the Plaster of Paris Bandage in the Treat- 
 ment of Fractures, Especially Fracture of the Femur," 
 idem, June, 1871 ; "A Case of Traumatic, Brachial Neu- 
 ralgia, Treated by Excision of the Cords which go to 
 form the Brachial Plexus," Brown-Seq. Arch, of Sc. & 
 Prac. Med., Jan., 1873 ; "Notes on Perityphlitis," Ann. 
 of Anat. & Surg. Soc, Brooklyn, 1880, Vol. H., No. 7 ; 
 " An Account of Two Cases of Pelvic Aneurism," Amer. 
 Jour. Med. Sc, April, 188 1; "The Question of Laparoto- 
 my for the Relief of Acute Intestinal Obstruction," N. Y. 
 Med Rec, April 22, 1882; "The Question of Trephining 
 in Injuries of the Head," Med. News, Phila., Apr. 28, 
 1883; "The Value of Internal Oisophagotomy in the 
 Treatment of Cicatricial Stricture," /rt'^-w, Feb. 9, 1884; 
 "Rupture of the Ligamentum Patellae, and its Treat- 
 ment by Operation," idem, Dec. 26, 1885; "On the 
 Use and the Abuse of Passive Motion," N. Y. Med. 
 Jour., Jan. 22, 1887 ; "An Account of a Case in which 
 Recovery took Place after Laparotomy had been Per-
 
 282 Afi Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 formed for Septic Peritonitis due to a Perforation of the 
 Vermiform Appendix ; with Remarks upon this and 
 Allied Diseases," idem, Feb. 25, 1888. Born in New- 
 York City, September 27, 1830; died suddenly in New- 
 York City, November 17, 1888 ; cause, thrombosis of 
 one of the coronary arteries, myocarditis. 
 
 Saunders, Dudley Dunn, . 3d Medical Division, 1857, I. 
 
 A. B., LaGrange College, Ala., 1852; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of Pennsylvania, 1856; University of the City of 
 New- York, 1856 ; at the hospitals of London and Paris, 
 1857-59; Professor of Surgery, Memphis (Tenn.) Med- 
 ical College, 1860-61 ; Surgeon, C. S. A., Assistant 
 Medical Director of Hospitals in the Army of Tennessee, 
 1861-65 ; Professor of Anatomy, Memphis Medical Col- 
 lege, 1865-68; President, Memphis Board of Health in 
 the yellow fever epidemic of 1878-79 ; Professor of Sur- 
 gery, Memphis Hospital Medical College, 1885-86; 
 Professor of Clinical Medicine and Physical Diagnosis, 
 1891 ; President, Memphis Medical Society, 1884; Med- 
 ical Society of the State of Tennessee, 1885. Author of 
 various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 480 Shelby street, 
 Memphis, Tenn. 
 
 Sawyer,* Sylvester J., . . ist Surgical Division, 1855, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1854; 
 studied in Paris, 1855-56 ; in practice in St. Paul, Minn., 
 and Milwaukee, Wis., 1856-61 ; Acting Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A., at Fort Schuyler, N. Y., 1862-64; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1864-70. Born in Hook- 
 set, N. H., May 21, 1828; died in New-York City, No- 
 vember 25, 1870; cause, bilious remittent fever. 
 
 Sayre, Reginald Hall, . . 3d Medical Division, 1885, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1881 ; M. D.,Bellevue, 1884; As- 
 sistant to the Chair of Surgery, Bellevue Hospital Med- 
 ical College, 1885-90; to the Chair of Orthopaedic Sur- 
 gery since 1890; Lecturer on Orthopaedic Surgery, 
 spring term, since 1890; Attending Orthopjedic Sur- 
 geon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, since 1886; Con- 
 sulting Surgeon, Hackensack (N. J.) Hospital, since 
 1891 ; Attending Orthopaedic Surgeon, Church Hospital
 
 Internes. 283 
 
 and Dispensary, 1892 ; Vice-President, American Ortho- 
 paedic Association, 1891-92 ; New-York Pathological 
 Society, 1893; Honorary Vice-President, Orthopaedic 
 Section, Pan-American Medical Congress, 1893 ; Assis- 
 tant Secretary, New-York Academy of Medicine, 1892. 
 Author of "Immediate Reposition of the Parts after 
 Tenotomy," Ala. Med. Jour., July, 1887; "The Treat- 
 ment of Rotary Lateral Curvature of the Spine," N. Y. 
 Med. Jour., Nov. 17, 1888; " Excision of the Hip Joint," 
 Trans. Amer. Orthop. Assoc, 1889; "The Simulta- 
 neous Occurrence of Disease of the Hip and Knee Joints 
 in the same Limb, with Description of a New Splint for 
 the Treatment of the Same," N. Y. Med. Jour., Dec. 
 13, 1890; "Traction and Fixation in Pott's Disease," 
 Phila. Med. News, Nov. 14, 1891. Son of Lewis A. 
 Sayre, Consulting Surgeon. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 285 Fifth Avenue, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Schmidt,* Daniel Webster, ist Surgical Division, 1859, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1858; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1861-81, Born in South 
 Carolina, 1834; died in New-York City, February 22, 
 1881 ; cause, hemiplegia of seventeen years' duration. 
 
 Schneider, Hermann August Louis, 
 
 1st Medical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 At College of City of New-York, 1885-87; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1890. 
 
 Address: 186 Ninth Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Schuyler,* William David, ist Medical Division, 1871, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1869; House Physician and Sur- 
 geon, Roosevelt Hospital, from its establishment, No- 
 vember 2, 1871, to April I, 1872; in practice in New- 
 York City, 1872-87. Born in Rochester, N. Y., 1834; 
 died in New-York City, December 31, 1887; cause, 
 fibro-sarcoma in the abdominal cavity. 
 
 ScuDDER,* Charles Davies, 3d Surgical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1875; A. M., 1878; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1878; at University of Vienna, 1880-81; Atten-
 
 284 A 71 Account of Belleviie Hospital. 
 
 ding Physician, Demilt Dispensar)', Diseases of Women, 
 1882-88 ; Clinical Assistant, Columbia, Diseases of Wo- 
 men, 1882-84; Practice of Medicine, 1886-87 ; Visiting 
 Physician, French Hospital, 1887-92 ; New-York Ly- 
 ing-in Asylum, 1890-92; Trustee, Trinity College, Hart- 
 ford, Conn. Author of " MoUities Uteri," N. Y. Med. 
 Jour., Dec, 1888. Born in New- York City, Septem- 
 ber 24, 1856; died suddenly in Northport, N. Y., July 
 19, 1892. 
 
 Seabrook, Harry H., . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1883, I- 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1881 ; Assistant Surgeon, New- 
 York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1885-91 ; Clinical As- 
 sistant, New- York Polyclinic, Diseases of the Eye and 
 Ear, 1888; Attending Surgeon, Presbyterian Hospital 
 Dispensary, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 1888 ; Belle- 
 vue Dispensary, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 1889-90; 
 Instructor in Ophthalmology, University of the City of 
 New-York, since 1888; Attending Surgeon, New-York 
 Eye and Ear Infirmary, since 1891. 
 
 Diseases of the Eye and Ear: 118 East 72d street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Sears,§ Henry Thatcher, . ist Surgical Division, 1863, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1862; Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. A., on board U. S. Transport Fulton, 1863-64; 
 in practice in New-York City, 1864-89. 
 
 Seelye,! Hiram H., . . . . ^.th Medical Division, 1884, I. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Physician. A. B. , Am- 
 herst, 1879; A. M., 1882; M. D., University of the 
 City of New-York, 1881; Columbia, 1882; Instructor 
 in Physical Education, Amherst College, since 1884. 
 
 General Medicine : Amherst, Mass. 
 
 a^^,,^ /T5^.. .r\ A,.^, ,- ^ 1st Surgical Division, 1861, II. 
 
 Segur, (Benjamin) Avery, < , ^ c • i t->- • • ,q^-, t 
 ^ ■' ' ' ( 1st Surgical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 B. S., Racine College, 1864; M. D., Columbia, i860; 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862-66; Sanitary Super- 
 intendent, Department of Health, Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 1873-75 ; Visiting Physician, St. Peter's Hospital, 
 1875-86; Consulting Physician since 1886; St. Mary's
 
 Internes. 285 
 
 General Hospital. Residence since leaving the hospi- 
 tal, Boonton, N. J,, 1865-67, and Brooklyn, N. Y., 
 since 1868. 
 
 General Medicine: 281 Henry street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Senior, Isaac Jacob, Medical Division, 185 1, I. 
 
 A. B., Colegio de la Independencia, Caracas, 1844; 
 A. M., 1845; M. D., Columbia, 1850; in Military 
 Hospital, Curafoa, 1846-47; in United States of Co- 
 lombia, 1854-55; at Guy's and University Hospitals, 
 London, 1856; Government Accoucheur for the poor 
 population, Curagoa; Visiting Physician, Almshouse; 
 Medical Examiner, New-York Life Insurance Company, 
 and Equitable Life Assurance Society. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Curafoa, Colony 
 of Holland, W. I. 
 
 Shaw,* Samuel Francis, . 3d Surgical Division, 1862, II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1855 ; M. D., Columbia, 1862 ; As- 
 sistant to the Chair of Physiology, Columbia, 1859, 
 and to the Chair of Chemistry, i860; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. N., 1862-68; Passed Assistant Surgeon, 
 1868-71 ; Surgeon, 1871-81 ; resigned, 1881. Resided 
 in Philadelphia, Perm., 1881-84. Born in Plainfield, 
 Mass., September 7, 1836; died in Philadelphia, Penn., 
 December 7, 1884; cause, chronic nephritis, ursemic 
 coma. 
 
 Shaw, William Conner, . 2d Surgical Division, 1874, II. 
 
 A. B., Washington and Jefferson, 1869; A. M.,1872; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1872; Clinical Assistant to the Chair 
 of Surgery, University of the City of New-York, 1874; 
 Attending Physician, Pittsburgh (Penn.) Free Dispen- 
 sary, 1876-82; Visiting Physician, Mercy Hospital, 
 1876-78; Visiting Surgeon, 1878-87; Alternate Sur- 
 geon, P. R. R., 1877-79; Surgeon, P. C. & St. L. R. 
 R., 1877-82; Medical Examiner, Union Central Life, 
 since 1880; Chief Medical Examiner, Pittsburgh, Equi- 
 table Life Assurance Society, since 1881; Medical 
 Referee, 1885-87; and Nominator, since 1887; General 
 Medical Examiner, National Life, Vermont, since 1883 ; 
 Home Life Insurance Co., of New-York, since 1884; 
 State Mutual, Massachusetts, since 1885 ; New England
 
 286 An Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 Life since 1887. Author of "The Plaster of Paris 
 Jacket: A Question of Priority," N. Y. Med. Rec. , 
 June, 1877; "Dislocation of the Sternal End of the 
 Clavicle Upward," ideviy Aug., 1877; "Dislocation of 
 Metatarsal Bone at Metatarso-tarsal Articulation," 
 Pitts. Med. Jour., Oct., 1882; "Occlusion of the Os 
 Uteri during Pregnancy," Pitts. Med. Rev., May, 1887 ; 
 " The Relation between the Pastor and the Physician," 
 Evang. Repos., Aug., 1887; "Visiting the Sick,'' 
 United Presby., Pitts., April, 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 135 Wylie Avenue, 
 Pittsburgh, Penn. 
 
 Sherman, Harry Mitchell, 3d Surgical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 A. B., Trinity, 1877; A. M., 1880; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1888; Orthopaedic Surgeon, Children's Hospital, 
 San Francisco, Cal., since 1885 ; Pacific Dispensary, 
 1885-90; San Francisco Polyclinic since 1889. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, Providence, R. I. ; 
 Cold Spring, N. Y. ; and San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 General and Orthopaedic Surgery : 705 Sutter street, 
 San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 Silver, Henry Mann, ... 3d Surgical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1872; M. D., Bellevue, 1875; 
 Attending Physician, Eastern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 the Heart and Lungs, 1877-80; Visiting Physician, 
 1880-86; Attending Physician, New-York Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 1878-79; Attending 
 Surgeon, 1879-80; Assistant Demonstrator of Anat- 
 omy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1882-92; 
 Demonstrator since 1892; Woman's Medical College 
 of the New- York Infirmary, 1884-86; Lecturer on Sur- 
 gery, later, 1886-88; Professor since 1888; Visiting 
 Physician, Gouverneur Hospital, 1887-90 ; Visiting Sur- 
 geon since 1890. Brother of Lewis M. Silver (1887, I) 
 and cousin of Homer O. Hitchcock (1856, II). 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 39 Seventh street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Silver, Lewis Mann, ... 3d Medical Division, 1887, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1882; M. D., Bellevue, 1885 ; studied at 
 Freiburg; Munich; General Hospital, Vienna; and at
 
 Internes. ' 287 
 
 Frankfort; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 General Medicine, since 1889. Brother of Henry M. 
 Silver (1876, II) and cousin of Homer O. Hitchcock 
 (1856, II). 
 
 General Medicine : 103 West 72d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 SiMPS0N,t George L., 1S62, II. 
 
 Resigned immediately after appointment to enter the 
 U. S. Navy. M. D., University of the City of New- 
 York, i860. 
 
 General Medicine : 296 Willis Av^enue, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Simpson, Robert Alexander, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1885, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1881 ; M. D., Columbia, 
 1883 ; at universities of Vienna, Berlin, and Heidel- 
 berg, 1885-87. 
 
 General Medicine : W^ashington, Ga. 
 
 Smith, Abram Alexander, 3d Medical Division, 1872, II. 
 
 A. B., Lafayette, 1868; A. M., 1871 ; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1871 ; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 1873-79; Assistant 
 Visiting Physician and Surgeon, New-York State 
 Woman's Hospital, 1874-79; Lecturer on Materia 
 Medica and Therapeutics, Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College, spring term, 1876-79; Lecturer, winter term, 
 1879-80; Professor, Materia Medica and Therapeutics 
 and of Clinical Medicine, 1880-92; Principles and Prac- 
 tice of Medicine since 1892; Visiting Physician, Belle- 
 vue Hospital, since 1882; Consulting Physician, Gou- 
 verneur Hospital, since 1888; Hospital for the Rup- 
 tured and Crippled since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine : 40 West 47th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Smith, Charles Peck, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1874. 
 
 General Medicine : 246 West 44th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 288 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Smith, Clarenxe A., . . . 4th Medical Division, 1889, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1882; M. D., Columbia, 1887. 
 General Medicine: Seattle, Wash. 
 
 Smith,* Elijah Herman, . . ist Medical Division, 1867, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1865 ; Surgeon, S. S. Arago, New- 
 York to Havre, 1866-67 ; in practice in St. Paul, Minn., 
 1867-71 ; Visiting Physician, St. Mary's Hospital, St. 
 Paul, 187 1. Died in New Canaan, Conn., February 
 19, 1871, aged 29 years; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Smith,* Francis Asbury, . . 2d Medical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1874; in practice in New-York 
 City, 1876-81 ; Visiting Physician, St. Joseph's Home, 
 1878-81 ; Assistant Surgeon, New-York Eye and Ear 
 Infirmary, 1878-81. Born in New- York City, August 
 29, 1852 ; died suddenly in New-York City, November 
 4, 1881 ; cause, pulmonary hemorrhage. 
 
 c ,,^.x rjx.,.TT.,. T ,., T. ^ -d Medical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 Smith, Henry Lyle, . . < ^ , c • i t->- ■ • ,«^/^ it 
 ' (2d Surgical Division, 1806, H. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1864; Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. Sanitary Commission, on S. S. S. R. Spauldiug, 
 1862; Health Officer, Hudson, N. Y., 1869-71, 1874- 
 1875, 1877-78, 1885, 1886, 1890; President, Medical 
 Society, County of Columbia, N. Y., 1885-86; Dele- 
 gate to New-York State Medical Society, 1870; Original 
 Fellow, New-York State Medical Association, 1884. 
 Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Hudson, N. Y. 
 
 Smith,"^ Joseph George, . 3d Surgical Division, 1864, n. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1863; Registered as a practitioner 
 in Shelbyville, 111., as late as 1884. Reported to be in 
 Schenectady, N. Y., but no reply was received to a 
 communication to that address in December, 1890. 
 
 Smith,* ORSAMUS.t 2d Medical Division, i86j, I. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. M. D., Bellevue, 
 1862; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862, at 
 military hospital at Fortress Monroe; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, loth Regiment, New-York State Volunteers,
 
 hiternes. 289 
 
 General French's Division, Sumner's Corps, later; Sur- 
 geon, 14th Regiment, New-York State Militia, 2d Bri- 
 gade, 4th Division, 5th Army Corps, later, and until 
 close of the war; Assistant Surgeon, U. S. M. H. S., 
 1865- ; at New Orleans, Mobile, and Galveston. 
 Born in Butternuts (now Morris), N. Y., February 26, 
 1836; died in Patterson, N. Y., September 19, 1876; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. Brother of Ernest 
 Hebersmith (1862, II). 
 
 Smith, Stephen, Surgical Division, 1851, II. 
 
 A. M., honoris causa, Brown, 1878; M. D., College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, 1850; Visiting Surgeon, 
 Bellevue Hospital, 1854-91 ; Charity Hospital, 1854-60; 
 St. Vincent's Hospital since 1876; Consulting Surgeon, 
 Bellevue Hospital, 1892 ; Professor of Principles of Sur- 
 gery, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1861-65 ; Lec- 
 turer on Anatomy, 1865-66; Professor, 1866-72; Pro- 
 fessor of Clinical Surgery, University of the City of 
 New- York, since 1874; Commissioner, New-York City 
 Health Department, 1868-72; Member, National Board 
 of Health, since 1879; State Board of Charities, 1881 ; 
 New-York State Commissioner in Lunacy, 1882-87. 
 Editor, "New- York Journal of Medicine," 1856-60; 
 " American Medical Times," 1860-64 ; " Hamilton on 
 Fractures and Dislocations," 1891. Author of " Hand- 
 book of Surgical Operations," Baillier Bros., 1862 ; 
 "Manual of the Principles and Practice of Operative 
 Surgery," Houghton, Mifflin & Co., 1882 ; " The Prin- 
 ciples and Practice of Operative Surgery," Lea Bros. & 
 Co., 1887; "The Doctor in Medicine," 1872; "An- 
 nual Reports of the State Commission in Lunacy," 
 1882-87. 
 
 General Surgery: 574 Madison Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Snow, Walter Howard, . 2d Medical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1880; 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, Toronto, 1881. 
 
 SouTHACK,* John William, 3d Surgical Division, 1865, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1861 ; M. D., Bellevue, 1865; in 
 Europe, 1866; Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1866; Assis- 
 19
 
 290 A 71 Account of Bellcviic Hospital. 
 
 tant Demonstrator of Anatomy, BcUevue Hospital Med- 
 ical College, 1865-70; Prosector to the Chair of Oper- 
 ative and Clinical Surgery, 1865-69; Clinical Assistant, 
 New-York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1865-69; in Europe 
 on account of ill health, 1866; Attending Surgeon, 
 Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 1868; again in Europe, 
 1868, studying in Vienna and Wiirzburg; returned to 
 New-York City, 1869. Born in New- York City, Decem- 
 ber 21, 1839; died in New- York City, December 14, 
 1869; cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 SOUTHWORTH, James W., . ist Surgical Division, 1864, I. 
 
 A. B., Georgetown (Ky.) College, 1859; M. D., 
 University of the City of New-York, 1862. 
 General Medicine : Glasgow, Mo. 
 
 Spencer, John Campbell, . 4th Medical Division, 1887, I. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1882; M. D., 1885; House Phy- 
 sician, Seaside Sanitarium of St. John's Guild, New 
 Dorp, N. Y., 1887; at University of Berlin, 1887-88; 
 University of Vienna, 1888. Author of "Review and 
 Translation of Professor Camillo Golgi's article on the 
 ' Cycle of Evolution of the Malaria-Parasite of Tertian 
 Intermittent Fever,'" March 30, 1889; "Translation 
 and Comments on Dr. Raphael Hirsch's ' Recent Views 
 on Rheumatism,'" Deut. Med. Woch., June 11, 1889. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 
 New Dorp, N. Y., and San Francisco, Cal. 
 
 General Medicine : Crocker Building, San Francisco, 
 Cal. 
 
 Sproat,* Louis Delano, . . 2d Medical Division, 1870, I. 
 
 Graduated at Chillicothe (O.) High School; M. D., 
 Columbia, 1869; Surgeon, New-York City Police De- 
 partment, 1870; District Physician, Department of 
 Public Charities and Correction ; in practice in New- 
 York City, 1870-83. Born in Chillicothe, 0., April i, 
 1845 ; died in New-York City, October 28, 1883 ; cause, 
 typhoid fever, intestinal hemorrhage. 
 
 Stafford, James, 4th Medical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 At Madison University, 1 880-81 ; M. D., University 
 of Vermont, 1885; Columbia, 1886; Assistant Attend-
 
 Internes. 291 
 
 ing Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases 
 of Women, 1888-90; Attending Physician, Northern 
 Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin, 1889-90; Diseases of 
 Children since 1890; Assistant Visiting Physician, De- 
 milt Dispensary, 1889; Assistant in Gynaecology and in 
 Surgery, New-York Polyclinic, since 1890. 
 
 Diseases of Women and Children: 157 Madison Av- 
 enue, New-York City. 
 
 Starke, George C, .... 2d Medical Division, 1854, I. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1851-52; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1853; at hospitals in 
 Paris, 1854-55; in practice, Petersburg, Va., 1856-61; 
 Assistant Surgeon, C. S. A., 1865 ; in mercantile busi- 
 ness since 1865. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 Petersburg, Va. , 1856-61; Hickford, Va., since 1865. 
 
 Alerchant : Hicksford, Va. 
 
 Starr, M. Allen, 4th Medical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1876; A. M., 1879; Ph. D., 1886; 
 M. D., Columbia, 1880; at University of Heidelberg, 
 1882; Vienna Medical School and Hospital, 1882-83; 
 Attending Physician, New-York Dispensary, Diseases 
 of the Nervous System, 1883-84; Demilt Dispensary, 
 1884-88; New-York Polyclinic, 1883-88; Professor, 
 1885-88; Clinical Lecturer, Diseases of the Ner- 
 vous System, Columbia, 1887-88; Clinical Professor, 
 1888-89; Professor since 1889. Author of "Cortical 
 Lesions of the Brain," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, Jan., 
 April, and July, 1884; "The Sensory Tract, "Prize Essay, 
 Alum. Assoc. Coll. Phys. & Surg., 1884, Jour. Nerv. 
 and Ment. Dis., July, 1884; "Localization of Spinal 
 Functions," Amer. Jour. Neur. and Psych., Oct., 1884; 
 " Vaso-motor and Trophic Neuroses," Pepper's Sys. 
 Med., 1886, Vol. v., p. 1241 ; "Familiar Forms of 
 Nervous Disease," Wm. Wood & Co., 1890. 
 
 Nervous Diseases and Insanity: 22 West 48th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Stearns, Henry S., . . . . ist Surgical Division, 1885, II. 
 
 At Columbia School of Mines, 1879-81 ; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New- York, 1884; at University 
 of Vienna, 1887; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hos- 
 pital Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1887-89 ; Demilt
 
 292 A71 Accoiint of Bellcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Dispensary, General Medicine, 1889-92; Assistant Vis- 
 iting Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital, 1892; Assistant in 
 Pathology, University of the City of New-York, since 
 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: 21 East 44th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Steurer, John Adam, . . . ist Medical Division, 1874, II. 
 
 At College of the City of New-York, 1870; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1873; at University of Vienna, 1874-76; 
 University of Strasburg, 1875 ; Clinical Assistant, New- 
 York Ophthalmic and Aural Institute, 1871-72; Attend- 
 ing Physician, Northwestern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 the Skin, 1876-78; Attending Surgeon, 1878-86; Lec- 
 turer on Surgical Pathology, American Veterinary Col- 
 lege, 1885-88. Author of "A New Aspirator," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, 1873; "A New Endoscope," Archiv. fiir 
 Derm., 1875; "Urethral Dilator," N. Y. Med. Rec, 
 1878. 
 
 General Surgery and Genito-urinary Surgery: 78 
 West 47th street, New- York City. 
 
 Stevens,* Jonathan Humphrey Pettibone, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1853, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1852; Surgeon of a transatlantic 
 line of steamers. New- York to Liverpool, 1853-54; in 
 practice in Norfolk, Conn., 1854-61 ; Assistant Sur- 
 geon, 1st Connecticut Heavy Artillery, 1861-62 ; in the 
 Peninsular Campaign; in practice in Norfolk, Conn., 
 1862-85. Born in Norfolk, Conn., December 9, 1830; 
 died there December 18, 1885; cause, otitis media, 
 cerebral meningitis. 
 
 Stewart, Charles W., . . . ist Medical Division, 1893. I. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1888; M. D., Columbia, 1891. 
 Address: Newport, R. I. 
 
 Stewart, George David, . 3d Surgical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1889; Assistant Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, since 
 1892. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 149 Lexington Ave- 
 nue, New-York City.
 
 Internes. 293 
 
 Stillwell, John Edwin, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1875. 
 
 General Medicine: 151 East 21st street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 St. John, Samuel Benedict, 2d Surgical Division, 1871,11. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1866; M. D., Columbia, 1870 ; at Royal 
 Ophthalmic Hospital, London, 1872-73 ; General Hos- 
 pital, Vienna, 1872-73; University of Berlin, 1872; 
 House Surgeon, Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, 
 New-York City, 1869-70; Attending Physician, New- 
 York Dispensary, Diseases of the Throat, 1873-75 ; 
 Northwestern Dispensary, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 
 1875-78; Assistant Surgeon, New-York Eye and Ear 
 Infirmary, 1876-78; Surgeon, 1878; Assistant Dem- 
 onstrator of Anatomy, Columbia, 1871-72; Clinical 
 Assistant in Diseases of the Eye, 1874-78; Lecturer on 
 Diseases of the Eye, Yale Medical School, since 1882; 
 Secretary, Medical Society of the State of Connecticut, 
 1883-88; American Ophthalmological Society, 1888. 
 Author of " Treatment of Fractures by Plaster Appara- 
 tus," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc. , July, 1872 ; " Sympathetic 
 Ophthalmia," Trans. Med. Soc, State Conn., 1881; 
 "Eye Strain as a Cause of Reflex Irritation," z^i?;;/, 
 1890. Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York 
 City, 1874-78; Hartford, Conn., since 1878. 
 
 Diseases of the Eye and Ear : 43 Pratt street, Hart- 
 ford, Conn. 
 
 Stockwell, I George Norman, 
 
 ist Surgical Division, i8gj, I. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Surgeon. M. D., Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1891. 
 Address : Stamford, Conn. 
 
 Stoddard, Henry B., . . . 2d Medical Division, 1868, II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1862; M. D., Bellevue, 1866. 
 General Medicine : Newtonville, Mass. 
 
 Stoeckel, Gustav Mozart, 4th Surgical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1871 ; A. M., 1874; M. D., Columbia, 
 1874; at General Hospital, Vienna, 1875-76; Paris, 
 19A
 
 294 ^^^ Account of Bellcznic Hospital. 
 
 1876 ; Interne, Infants' Hospital, Randall's Island, New- 
 York City, 1873-74; Sanitary Inspector, New- York 
 City Health Department, summer corps, 1879-82. 
 
 General Medicine: 361 West 42d street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Stokes, Charles Francis, 4th Surgical Division, 1885, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1884; House Surgeon, Gouverneur 
 Hospital, N. Y., 1886; in practice, New-York City, 
 1886-89; Ensign and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., 
 1889-92; Junior Lieutenant and Passed Assistant Sur- 
 geon since 1892. 
 
 Lieutenant and Passed Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N. : 
 care Surgeon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Stoll,* Oscar Pallette, . . Medical Division, 1852, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1851. 
 Born in Sussex County, N. J., 1830 ; died in Napa Val- 
 ley, Cal., March 23, i860; cause, pulmonary tubercu- 
 losis. 
 
 Stone, Jesse Burson, . . . 3d Medical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1890. 
 Address: Wichita, Kan. 
 
 Stone,* Jonathan Coolidge, 3d Medical Division, 1863, II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1848; M. D., Bellevue, 1863; As- 
 sistant to Professor Agassiz, surveying the shores of 
 Lake Superior, 1848. On a voyage to Singapore on 
 account of ill health, and in mercantile business there, 
 1848-51; in California, 1851 ; Acting Assistant Sur- 
 geon, U. S. A., at Military Hospital, New-York City, 
 (now the Nursery and Child's Hospital), 1863 ; in prac- 
 tice in New-York City, 1863-64; in West Farms, N. 
 Y., 1864-68. Born in Newburyport, Mass., October23, 
 1826; died in West Farms, N. Y., April 8, 1868 ; cause, 
 acute lobar pneumonia. Cousin of William Coolidge 
 Stone (1882, I). 
 
 Stone,* William Coolidge, 3d Medical Division, 1882, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1880; at University of Freiburg, 
 1882; University of Vienna, 1882-83; London, 1883. 
 Residence after leaving the hospital, New- York City,
 
 Internes. 295 
 
 1882-86; Lakewood, N. J., 1886-93. Born in Brook- 
 lyn, N. Y., February 21, 1857 ; died suddenly in Lake- 
 wood, N. J., February 5, 1893; cause, apoplexy. 
 Cousin of Jonathan Coolidge Stone (1863, II). 
 
 Stone, William Fletcher, ist Surgical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1882; M. D., University of the City of 
 New-York, 1890. 
 Address. 143 Lamberton street, New Haven, Conn. 
 
 Strang,* Albert, 2d Surgical Division, 1868, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1867; Assistant Inspector, New- 
 York City Health Department, 1869; Prosector to the 
 Chair of Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
 1868-70; in practice in Yorktown, N. Y., 1870-88. 
 Died in New-York City, January 24, 1888, aged 44 
 years ; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Strong, Cyrus John, . . . 4th Medical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 A. B., Wesleyan, 1886; A. M., 1889; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1890. 
 
 Address : Madison, N. J. 
 
 Studdiford, William Emery, 3d Medical Division, 1893, 1. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1888; A. M., 1891 ; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1891. Nephew of William H. Katzenbach 
 (1872, II). 
 
 Address : Trenton, N. J. 
 
 Suydam,'§ Charles Henry, . 2d Medical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1855; A. M., later; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862; 
 Assistant Surgeon, 27th Regiment, New Jersey Volun- 
 teers, 1863 ; Surgeon, 34th Regiment, New Jersey Vol- 
 unteers, 1864-66. 
 
 Swan, Henry Storer, ... 2d Medical Division, 1873, I. 
 
 At Yale, 1863-65 ; M. D., Columbia, 1871 ; Member 
 of Rhode Island State Board of Health since 1887 ; Res- 
 idence since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 
 1874; Mamaroneck, N. Y., 1874-83; Bristol, R. I., 
 since 1883. 
 
 General Medicine : Bristol, R. I.
 
 296 All Account of Bcllcvjic Hospital. 
 
 Swift, George Montague, . 4th Medical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1876; A. M., 1879; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1879; at Vienna, 1881-82; Resident Physician, 
 New-York Foundling Asylum, 1882-83 ; Visiting Phy- 
 sician, St. Mary's Free Hospital for Children, since 
 1883. Author of various articles in medical journals. 
 Brother of William J. Swift (1880, I) and cousin of 
 Thomas Delano Swift (1881, 1). 
 
 General Medicine: 29 East 31st street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Swift,* J. Foster, ist Medical Division, 1859, I. 
 
 A. B., Hobart College, 1852; A. M., 1857; M. D., 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1859; in practice 
 in New-York City, 1859-61 ; Assistant Surgeon, 39th 
 Regiment, New- York Volunteers, 1861 ; in practice in 
 New-York City, 1861-70; Lecturer on Diseases of the 
 Skin, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, spring term, 
 1866-67; Professor, 1867-71; Professor of Obstetrics, 
 Long Island College Hospital; Visiting Physician, St. 
 Luke's Hospital, Nursery and Child's Hospital, Wo- 
 man's Hospital in the State of New- York, and New- 
 York Asylum for Lying-in Women, later ; Charity Hos- 
 pital, 1866-72 ; in Europe on account of ill health, 
 1870-71; on the Pacific Coast, 1871-72; in the south 
 of France, 1872-73 ; in the island of Santa Cruz, 1874- 
 1875. Born in Geneva, N. Y., October 31, 1833 ; died 
 in the island of Santa Cruz, May 10, 1875 ; cause, pul- 
 monary tuberculosis. 
 
 Swift,* Thomas Delano, . . ist Medical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1875; A. M., 1878; M. D., Columbia, 
 1879; Inspector, New-York City Health Department; 
 Visiting Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 1881-88. Born 
 in Geneva, N. Y., 1854; died suddenly in New- York 
 City, March 3, 1888 ; cause, chronic nephritis, uraemic 
 coma. Cousin of William J. Swift (1880, I) and George 
 M. (1881, I). 
 
 Swift, William J., 2d Medical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 A. B. Amherst, 1873; A. M., 1876; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1878; Attending Surgeon, New-York Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Throat, 1881 ; Assistant Surgeon, New-
 
 Internes. 297 
 
 York Eye and Ear Infirmary, Diseases of the Throat, 
 1886-89; Clinical Assistant, Columbia, Diseases of the 
 Throat, since 1886; Clinical Instructor, Vanderbilt 
 Clinic, Diseases of the Throat, 1888-90; Surgeon, Met- 
 ropolitan Throat Hospital, since 1885 ; Medical Ex- 
 aminer, Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company, 
 since 1888. Author of "Maternal Impressions on the 
 Foetus," N. Y. Med. Jour., Oct. 9, 1886; "A Nasal 
 Speculum," N. Y. Med. Rec, Nov., 1887. Brother of 
 George M. Swift (1881, I) and cousin of Thomas 
 Delano Swift (1881, I). 
 
 General Medicine : 40 East 30th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Symington, James, .... 4th Medical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1875 ; at the universities of Vienna 
 and Prague intermittingly, 1882-86. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, New-York City, and several cities 
 in Europe. 
 
 Retired: care of Albert Symington, Esq., 35 Wall 
 street, New-York City. 
 
 Symonds, Brandreth, . . . 4th Medical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 A. B., Hobart, 1881 ; A. M., 1885 ; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1884; Attending Physician, Bellevue Hospital 
 Dispensary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 1886-87 ; 
 Northwestern" Dispensary, 1886-88; Instructor, New- 
 York Polyclinic, General Medicine and Diseases of the 
 Chest, 1887; Assistant Attending Physician, Roosevelt 
 Hospital Dispensary, 1888-90; Medical Examiner, 
 Mutual Life Insurance Co., since 1889. Author of "A 
 Manual of Chemistry for the Use of Medical Students," 
 Blakiston, S. & Co., 1889; "Tests for Sugar in the 
 Urine," N. Y. Med. Jour., July, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine : i Tompkins Avenue, New Brigh- 
 ton, N. Y. 
 
 Syms, Parker, 2d Surgical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1882; 
 Assistant to the Chair of Surgery, University of the City 
 of New-York, 1883-84; Assistant Surgeon, New-York 
 Hospital Dispensary, 1884-85 ; Visiting Surgeon, New- 
 York Colored Home and Hospital, since 1886 ; Assistant
 
 298 All Accou7it of Belleinie Hospital. 
 
 Attending Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, 
 1885-86, and 1890-91 ; New-York Cancer Hospital 
 since 1891 ; Consulting Surgeon, New-York Italian 
 Home Hospital, since 1891 ; All Souls' Hospital, Mor- 
 ristown, N. J., since 1892. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 55 West 36th street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Synnott,* James, 3d Surgical Division, 1871, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1869. 
 Died suddenly in Middletown, Conn., March 5, 1873, 
 aged 24 years ; cause, apoplexy. 
 
 TAVLOR,f Blair Dabney, . . ;^d Medical Division, iSji, I. 
 
 Left the hospital while House Physician. A. B., Vir- 
 ginia Military Institute, 1864 ; M. D., University of Vir- 
 ginia, 1869; University of the City of New-York, 1870; 
 at St. Bartholomew's and St. George's Hospitals, Lon- 
 don, 1870-71; in practice, 1871-75; First Lieutenant 
 and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1875-80; Captain 
 and Assistant Surgeon since 1880; one of the Secreta- 
 ries of the Section on Public and International Hygiene, 
 International Medical Congress, Ninth Session, 1887. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, Cold Spring, N. 
 Y., Highland Falls, N. Y., Charlestown, W. Va., and 
 U. S. Army. 
 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A. : care, Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Taylor,* William Rowland, 
 
 3d Medical Division, 1877, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1876; 
 Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. M. H, S., 1879-91 ; 
 Visiting Physician and Surgeon, St. Joseph's Hospital, 
 New Bedford, Mass., 1878-91 ; President, Medical 
 Board, 1885; Visiting Physician and Surgeon, St. 
 Luke's Hospital, 1885-91 ; Medical Examiner, Bristol 
 (Mass.), 3d District, 1880-91; Censor, Massachusetts 
 State Medical Society, 1880-91 ; Secretary, Massachu- 
 setts State Medico-legal Society, 1882-91 ; Bristol South 
 District Medical Society, 1885-91 ; President, New 
 Bedford Society for Medical Improvement, 1885. Au- 
 thor of "A Case of Delayed Putrefaction," Bost. Med.
 
 httenies. 299 
 
 and Surg. Jour., 1883; "A Case of Infanticide," ide7n, 
 1885; "Notes on the Lawton Murder," idem, 1886. 
 Born in New Bedford, Mass., November 28, 1853 ; died 
 there, July 20, 1891 ; cause, acute lobar pneumonia. 
 
 Teats,* Sylvester 2d Surgical Division, 1854, I. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1853; in 
 practice in New-York City, 1853-61, and subsequently 
 until 1863 ; Prosector to the Chair of Operative and 
 Clinical Surgery, Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 
 1861-63; Assistant Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1862; 
 Medical Director, U. S. Sanitary Commission, on 
 board U. S. Transport -S". R. Spaiilding, 1862. Died 
 August 19, 1887, aged 62 years. 
 
 Teeter, John Nelson, ... 3d Medical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1892. 
 Address: Tom's River, N. J. 
 
 Ten Eyck, Benjamin Lansing, 
 
 4th Surgical Division, 1886, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1885 ; Assistant House Surgeon, 
 St. Michael's Hospital, Newark, N. J., 1886-87; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, Diseases of the Eye and Ear, 1886-87; 
 in private practice, 1887-89, in Newark, N. J., Cohoes, 
 N. Y., Troy, N. Y., and New-York City, successively. 
 First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., since 
 1889. 
 
 First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A. : 
 care of Surgeon-General's Office, Washington, D. C. 
 
 Terriberry, Calvin, ... 3d Surgical Division, 1874, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1873; Visiting Physician and Sur- 
 geon, General Hospital, Paterson, N. J., 1878-89; St. 
 Joseph's Hospital since 1880. 
 
 General Medicine : 172 Market street, Paterson, N. J. 
 
 Thacher, John Seymour, . 3d Medical Division, 1883, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1877; M. D., Columbia, 1880; Interne, 
 New-York State Emigrants' Hospital, 1883-85; In- 
 structor in Pathology, Carnegie Laboratory, Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College, 1885; New- York Polyclinic,
 
 300 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 1885-90 ; Lecturer on Pathology and General Medicine 
 since 1890; Pathologist, New-York State Emigrants' 
 Hospital, 1886-90; New-York Colored Home and Hos- 
 pital, 1886-89; Presbyterian Hospital since 1888; St. 
 Luke's Hospital since 1888. 
 
 General Medicine : 33 West 39th street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 Thomas, Charles Henry, 4th Surgical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1873; M. D., Bellevue, 1875; Medical 
 College of Ohio, 1886; Lecturer on Anatomy, and As- 
 sistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, Medical College of 
 Ohio, 1880-82. 
 
 General Medicine: looi Madison Avenue, Coving- 
 ton, Ky. 
 
 Thomas, James Clarke, . . 2d Medical Division, 1868, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1864; A. M., 1867; M. D., Columbia, 
 1868; Visiting Obstetrician, New-York Infant Asylum. 
 
 General Medicine: 107 West 47th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Thomas, Theodore Gaillard, 
 
 2d Medical Division, 1853, II. 
 
 M. D., Medical College of the State of South Carolina, 
 1852; at Lying-in Asylum, Dublin, 1854; hospitals of 
 Paris, 1854-56; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispen- 
 sary, New-York City, Diseases of the Skin, 1855-60; 
 Lecturer on Obstetrics, University of the City of New- 
 York, 1855-60; Adjunct Professor of Obstetrics and 
 Diseases of Women and Children, Columbia, 1863-65; 
 Professor, 1865-79; Professor of Diseases of Women, 
 1879-89; Visiting Physician, Strangers' Hospital, New- 
 York City, 1871-72; Bellevue Hospital, 1859-71 ; New- 
 York State Woman's Hospital, 1864-70; Charity 
 Hospital, 1860-66; Maternity Hospital, 1878-80; Roose- 
 velt Hospital, 1 87 1-8 1 ; Consulting Physician, New-York 
 State Woman's Hospital, since 1870; St. Mary's Fe- 
 male Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1869-84; Nursery and 
 Child's Hospital, New-York City, since 1871 ; New- 
 York Infirmary for Women and Children since 187 1 ; 
 St. Francis' Hospital, Jersey City, N. J., 1870-80; New- 
 York Foundling Asylum since 1880; French Hospital,
 
 Internes. 301 
 
 since 1881 ; President, New-York Obstetrical Society, 
 1866; Secretary, New-York Academy of Medicine, 
 1859-61; Vice-President, 1878-81 ; Medical Society of 
 the County of New-York, 1869. Author of "A Practi- 
 cal Treatise on Diseases of Women," H. C. Lea, Son & ■ 
 Co., 5th ed., 1880. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women: 600 Madi- 
 son Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Thomson, George William, 3d Medical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 At School for Sons of Missionaries, Blackheath, Lon- 
 don, 1878-84; London University, 1884; M. D.,Belle- 
 vue, 1892. 
 
 Address: Montego Bay, Jamaica, W. I. 
 
 Thomson, Mason, .... 3d Surgical Division, 1878, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1873; A. M., 1876; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1876; Attending Physician, New-York Dispen- 
 sary, Diseases of Heart and Lungs, 1880-85 ! Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of Children, 1881-83; 
 Attending Surgeon, Eastern Dispensary, 1886-87. 
 
 General Medicine: 168 Lexington Avenue, New- 
 York City. 
 
 Thomson,! Robert Clark,§ iSj2, I. 
 
 Probably resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1850. 
 
 TiNGLEY, Witter Kinney, . . 3d Medical Division, 1888, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1886; Visiting Physician, Work- 
 house, Norwich, Conn., since 1889; President, Norwich 
 Medical Association, since 1890; one of the incorpora- 
 tors of and Visiting Physician to Backus Hospital, 1892. 
 Nephew of Elijah C. Kinney (1859, 11). 
 
 General Medicine: Norwich, Conn. 
 
 Titterington, James Henry, 4th Surgical Division, 1892, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1891. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 39 West 27th street, 
 New-York City.
 
 302 All Acco7i7it of Bellevuc Hospital. 
 
 ToRREY, Charles Turner, . 4th Medical Division, 1875, I. 
 
 A. B., Bowdoin, 1870; M. D., Columbia, 1873; in 
 practice in Yarmouthville, Me., 1875. 
 Retired: Cumberland Centre, Me. 
 
 ToRREY,t William Stone, . ist Sta-gical Division, iSSj, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. At Lafayette, 1880- 
 1881 ; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1884. 
 Author of " Inguino-properitoneal Hernia, with Re- 
 port of Operation," Ann. Surg., Mch., 1888; and vari- 
 ous other articles in medical journals. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, Scranton, Penn., and Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 General Medicine: 81 Reid Avenue, Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 Towlerton, Charles H., . 2d Medical Division, 1891, II. 
 
 Graduated at Leavenworth Institute, Wolcott, N. Y., 
 1886; M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1889. 
 
 General Medicine : Lyons, N. Y. 
 
 TowNSEND, Charles Emerson, 
 
 4th Surgical Division, 1893, II. 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1892. 
 Address: Middletown, N. Y. 
 
 Townsend, Wisner Robinson, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 A. B., Columbia, 1877; A. M., 1880; M. D.,i88o; 
 Inspector, New- York City Health Department, 1881 ; 
 Assistant Surgeon, Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled, 
 since 1889; Orthopaedic Surgeon, New-York Infant 
 Asylum, since 1890; Consulting Surgeon, Bayonne 
 (N. J.) Hospital, since 1891 ; Lecturer on Orthopaedic 
 Surgery, New- York Polyclinic, since 1890. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 1881 ; South 
 Pittsburgh, Tenn., 1882-88; and New-York City since 
 1888. 
 
 Orthopaedic Surgery : 28 West 59th street, New- 
 York City.
 
 Interfies. 303 
 
 Tracy, Roger Sherman, . . 3d Medical Division, 1869, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1862; M. D., Columbia, 1868; at Uni- 
 versity of Berlin, 1869-70; Sanitary Inspector, New- 
 York City Health Department, 1870-87; Chief Sanitary 
 Inspector, 1887; Register of Vital Statistics, 1887-92. 
 Author of " Hygiene of Occupation," Buck's Hygiene, 
 Wm. Wood & Co., 1879, Vol. II., p. 5; "Public 
 Nuisances," idem, Vol. II., p. 381; "Village Sanitary 
 Associations," Vol. II., p. 573; "Hygiene," supple- 
 ment to Foster's " Primer of Physiology," D. A. & Co., 
 1883 ; " Handbook of Sanitary Information for House- 
 holders," D. A. & Co., 1883; "Essentials of Anatomy, 
 Physiology, and Hygiene," D. A. & Co., 1884. 
 
 Sanitary Science : 74 West 46th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Tucker,* George Herriot,+ Surgical {^) Division, 1852, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior or Senior Assistant. M. D., 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, 185 1; Chief of 
 Bureau, U. S. Sanitary Commission, Washington, D. 
 C. ; Projector and Editor, " New-York Medical Regis- 
 ter," 1860-62 ; Compiler of " Catalogue of Alumni Of- 
 ficers and Fellows of College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons." Born in New- York, December 22, 1828; 
 died in New-York City, January 25, 1862; cause, acute 
 lobar pneumonia. 
 
 TuNSTALL, Alexander, . . 2d Medical Division, 1869, II. 
 
 At William and Mary College, 1859-61; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1868 ; Interne, Nursery and Child's Hospital, 
 New- York City, 1869-70; Secretary and Treasurer, 
 Norfolk (Va.) Medical Society, 1870; President, 1876 
 and 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: 170 Freemason street, Norfolk, 
 Va. 
 
 Upham,* William Richardson, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1878, II. 
 
 B. S., Yale, 1874; M. D., Bellevue, 1877; in practice 
 in Yonkers, N. Y., 1879-82. Died in Yonkers, N. Y., 
 May 24, 1882; cause, hypostatic pneumonia.
 
 304 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Vance, Reuben A., . . . 3d Surgical Division, 1868, II. 
 
 M. D., University of Michigan, 1866; Bellevue, 
 1867; Attending Physician, Central Dispensary, New- 
 York City, 1868-69 ; Assistant to the Chair of Diseases 
 of the Mind and Nervous System, Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, 1868-70; Assistant Physician, New- 
 York State Hospital for Diseases of the Nervous Sys- 
 tem, 1870; Attending Physician, Dispensary of the 
 Church of the Holy Trinity, 1868-70; Bellevue Hos- 
 pital Dispensary, 1869-71 ; Physician-in-chief, New- 
 York Institute for Paralytics and Epileptics, 1871. 
 Residence since leaving the hospital, New-York City, 
 1868-75; Gallipolis, O., 1876-78; Cincinnati,©., 1878- 
 1882; and Cleveland, O., since 1882. 
 
 General Surgery: 298 Prospect street, Cleveland, O. 
 
 Van der Poel, Samuel Oakley, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 A. B., Rutgers, 1873; A. >L, 1876; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1876; honoris causa, Albany, 1881 ; at University 
 of Heidelberg, 1879; Vienna, 1880; Adjunct Professor 
 of Theory and Practice of Medicine, Albany (N. Y.) 
 Medical College, 1880-83; Visiting Physician, Charity 
 Hospital, New-York City, 1885-89; Assistant Surgeon, 
 Manhattan Eye and Ear Hospital, Throat Department, 
 since 1886; Assistant Physician, \'anderbilt Clinic, 
 since 1887. Residence since leaving the hospital, Al- 
 bany, N. Y., 1880-83; New-York City since 1883. 
 
 General Medicine: 47 East 25th street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Vanderpoel, Waldron B., 4th Surgical Division, 1881. I. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1876; M. D., Columbia, 1879; 
 Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, General Medi- 
 cine, since 1881 ; Visiting Neurologist, 1882-84; Visiting 
 Physician, Infants' Hospital, New-York City, since 1884. 
 
 General Medicine: 106 East 24th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Van Loan, James Caspar Plimpton, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1892, II. 
 M. D. . Columbia, 1891. 
 Address : Athens, N. Y.
 
 Internes. 305 
 
 Van Santvoord, Richard, ist Medical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1872; M. D., 
 Bellevue, 1875 ; at General Hospital, Vienna, 1877-78; 
 Attending Physician, Northern Dispensary, Diseases of 
 the Heart and Lungs, 1878-79; Visiting Physician, 
 Workhouse and Almshouse Hospitals, 1879-81 ; Ran- 
 dall's Island Hospital since 1881. Author of "Note 
 on the Causes of Sudden Death in Thoracentesis," N. 
 Y. Med. Rec, Vol. XVI.; " The Voice as a Therapeu- 
 tic Agent," idem. Vol. XX. ; "Diseases of the Spinal 
 Cord," Wood's Supplement to Zeim. Cyclop., 1881 ; 
 "The Danger Attending the Use of Ether in Bright's 
 Disease," N. Y. Med. Rec, Vol. XXIII. ; "Obscure 
 Cases of Weak Heart," idem, Vol. XXVIII. ; " Cardiac 
 Lesions in Acute Bright's," Trans. Med. Soc. State N. 
 Y., 1888 ; " Two Cases of Reynaud's Disease, with Re- 
 marks," N. Y. Med. Rec, Vol. XXXIII., and various 
 other articles in medical journals. 
 
 General Medicine: 106 West I22d street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 Van Syckel, Sylvester, . . Surgical Division, 1850, III. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1846; A. M., 1849; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of the City of New-York, 1849; at Quarantine 
 Hospital, Staten Island, New-York Harbor, 1850-51. 
 
 General Medicine: Clinton, N. J. 
 
 Van Vorst,* John, Jr., . . 3d Medical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1870; A. M., 1873; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1874; Interne, Woman's Hospital in the State of 
 New-York, 1877-78; in practice in Jersey City, N. J., 
 1878-87; Visiting Physician, Charity Hospital, Jersey 
 City, N. J., 1880-87; St. Francis' Hospital, 1881-87; 
 Attending Physician, Central Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Women, 1881-87. Died in Jersey City, N. J., Feb- 
 ruary 4, 1887, aged 36 years; cause, acute lobar pneu- 
 monia. 
 
 Van Wagenen, George A., . 2d Surgical Division, 1873, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1868; A. M., 1871 ; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1871 ; Visiting Surgeon, St. Michael's Hospi- 
 tal, Newark, N. J., 1882-87; Medical Director of Mu- 
 tual Benefit Life Insurance Company, Newark, since
 
 3o6 An Account of Bcllcinic Hospital. 
 
 1878. Author of " Apparatus for Swinging Compound 
 Fractures," N. Y. Med. Rec. , 1873; "'Tables of Results 
 Obtained in Bellevue of Treatment by Plaster of Paris," 
 L. A. Sayre's Rept. on Fractures, Trans. Amer. Med. 
 Assoc, 1873 ; " Analyses of One Hundred and Twelve 
 Cases of Diphtheria, Treated during the Last Two 
 Years," N. Y. Med. Jour., 1878. 
 
 General Medicine: loi North 6th street, Newark, 
 N.J. 
 
 Van Wvck, Richard C. . . 2d Surgical Division, 1869, I. 
 
 At Yale Grammar School, 1861-63 ! ^^- D., Colum- 
 bia, 1867; University of Berlin, 1869-70; University 
 of Edinburgh, 1870; University Medical College, Lon- 
 don, 1870-71 ; London Throat Hospital, 1870-71 ; 
 University of Prague, 1870. Author of "Internal Use 
 of Red Sulphur Water in the Treatment of Consump- 
 tion," Sept. 11,1874; " The Internal Use of Ammonia 
 Carbonate in the Treatment of Cerebral Hemorrhage, 
 Thrombosis, and Embolism." .May 19, 1886; "The 
 Abortive Treatment in Acute Diseases." May 12, 1887 ; 
 "Prophylaxis and Treatment of Diphtheria," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec, Feb. 28, 1890. Residence since leaving the 
 hospital, Denver, Col., 1871-72; Mitchell Station, Va., 
 1873-80; Hopewell Junction, N. Y., 1880-90; and 
 Poughkeepsie, N. Y., since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 32 Washington 
 street, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. 
 
 ^j ^^r,^^. r- ^ ^ 1st Surgical Division, 1866, I. 
 
 Varona, Joseph C. de, . . <; , ^ ^ 1 r^- • • o^^ n 
 ' ■' (3d burgical Division, 1866, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1865. Brother of Serapio M. de 
 Varona (1872, I). 
 
 General .Medicine and Surgery: 227 East 31st street, 
 New-York City. 
 
 Varona,* Serapio Manuel de, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1872, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1870; Sanitary Inspector, New- 
 York City Health Department, 1872-73. Born in 
 Puerto Principe, Cuba, December, 1848; died in New- 
 York City, December 24, 1873; cause, acute cerebral 
 meningitis. Brother of Joseph C. de Yarona (1866, 
 I &II).
 
 Internes. 307 
 
 Vedder, Maus Rosa, ... 3d Medical Division, 1862, I. 
 
 At Union, 1856; M. D., Columbia, 1861 ; Acting 
 Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1862. Author of "Ex- 
 tra-uterine Pregnancy," Amer. Med. Times, 1861; 
 "An Improvement in the Obstetrical Forceps," N. Y. 
 Med. Rec.,Mch., 1878; " The Plaster of Paris Splint ; 
 Improvements based upon Practice," N. Y. Med. Jour., 
 Sept., 1888. Residence since leaving the hospital, 
 Flushing, N. Y., 1863-71 ; New-York City since 1871. 
 
 General Medicine: 690 Madison Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 VOORHEES, Reese Hardesty, 3d Surgical Division, 1881, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1879; in the practice of medicine 
 in New-York City, 1881-87; iri the practice of law in 
 Washington, D. C, since 1887. 
 
 Lawyer: Washington, D. C. 
 
 Wadsworth,* Samuel Douglass, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1864, II. 
 
 A. B., Madison University, 1861 ; M. D., Columbia, 
 1863 ; in practice in New-York City, 1864-73 ! Assistant 
 Sanitary Inspector. Metropolitan Board of Health, New- 
 York City, 1868. Retired on account of ill health, 1873. 
 Born in Catlin, N. Y., March 16, 1834; died in San 
 Bernardino, Cal., January 19, 1875; cause, pulmonary 
 tuberculosis. 
 
 Walker,* Edmund Rhett, . 4th Medical Division, 1859, I. 
 
 A. B., South Carolina College, 1855 ; M. D., Univer- 
 sity of Virginia, 1857; University of the City of New- 
 York, 1858; Assistant Surgeon, C. S. A., 1861-62; 
 Brigade Surgeon, 1863; Division Surgeon, 1863; in 
 charge of hospitals in Charlottesville, Petersburg, and 
 Danville, Va. ; City Coroner and Post-mortem Physician, 
 Baltimore, Md , 1874; Professor of Surgery, Washing- 
 ton University, Baltimore, and Baltimore Medical Col- 
 lege, 1885-91 ; Chief Medical Examiner, Equitable Life 
 Assurance Society of New-York for Baltimore, Md. , 
 1874-91. Residence after leaving the hospital, Beau- 
 fort, S. C, 1861 ; Suffolk, Va., 1865-68; and Baltimore, 
 Md., 1868-91. Born in Beaufort, S. C, July 13, 1836 ; 
 died in Baltimore, Md., September 30, 1891 ; cause, 
 locomotor ataxia.
 
 J 
 
 08 A?t Account of Bcllevue Hospital. 
 
 Walker, Henry Freeman, . 2d Medical Division, 1867, II. 
 
 A. B., Middlebury College, i860; A. M., 1863; M. 
 D., Columbia, 1866; Clinical Assistant, Columbia, Dis- 
 eases of Women, 1876-81 ; Assistant Attending Physi- 
 cian, Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of Digestion, 1869- 
 1870; Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of Heart 
 and Lungs, 1870-72; Diseases of Women, 1872-75; 
 Visiting Physician, Nursery and Child's Hospital, 1871- 
 1875; Bellevue Hospital, 1875-84. 
 
 General Medicine : 8 East 30th street. New- York 
 City. 
 
 Wallace. David Lynde, . . ist Surgical Division, 1876, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1875 ; Visiting Physician, Newark 
 (N. J.) City Hospital, 1882-86 ; Health Officer, City of 
 Newark, 1885-91. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 202 Clinton Avenue, 
 Newark, N. J. 
 
 Walton, Charles Johnston, 4th Medical Division, 1858, II. 
 
 At Columbia, 1844-47; ^J- I^-j University of the City 
 of New-York, 1857. 
 
 General Medicine: Whitestone, N. Y. 
 
 Wardwell,* William Lanterman, 
 
 1st Surgical Division, 1883, II. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1879; at Vienna Polyclinic and 
 General Hospital, Vienna; Leipzig and Paris, 1879-82; 
 Assistant to the Chair of Physiology, University of the 
 City of New-York, 1883-84; to the Chair of Anatomy, 
 1884 ; to the Chair of Surgery, and Instructor in Oper- 
 ative Surgery, New-York Polyclinic, 1883-85; Attend- 
 ing Surgeon, University Dispensary, 1883-85. Retired 
 on account of ill health, 1885-89. Author of " Erysip- 
 elas in Pregnancy," Amer. Jour. Med. Sc, 1884; 
 " Notes on Arteritis," Wyeth's Hndbk. Surg. ; also ar- 
 ticles in Buck's Hndbk. Surg, and in medical journals. 
 Born in 1857 ; died in Tucson, Ariz., March 22, 1889; 
 cause, pulmonary tuberculosis. 
 
 Waring, Thomas Pinckney, ist Medical Division, 1894, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, J889; M. D. . Columbia, 1892. 
 Address : Savannah, Ga.
 
 Internes. 309 
 
 Warner, Everett Seymour, ist Medical Division, 1879, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1878; Attending Physician, De- 
 milt Dispensary, Diseases of the Heart and Lungs, 
 1879-85 ; Visiting Physician, Hospital for Nervous Dis- 
 eases, 1884-86. 
 
 General Medicine: 117 East 26th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Warner, Oswald, .... 2d Surgical Division, 1855, II. 
 
 M. D., College of Physicians and Surgeons, 1854; 
 Surgeon, U. S. M. Steamer Baltic, Collins Line be- 
 tween New-York and Liverpool, 1855-57 ; City Physi- 
 cian, Paterson, N. J., 1858-61 ; County Physician, Pas- 
 saic County, N. J., 1858-61 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. N., 1861-64; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. 
 A., 1864-65; Coroner, Passaic County, 1879-82; Ex- 
 amining Surgeon, U. S. Pension Bureau, 1869-84; 
 Assistant Pathologist, New Jersey State Asylum for the 
 Insane, Morris Plains, N. J., since 1890. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Newark, N. J., 1854-58; 
 Paterson, N. J., 1858-90; and Morris Plains, N. J., 
 since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine : Morris Plains Asylum for the In- 
 sane, Morris Plains, N. J. 
 
 Warren, John, ist Medical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 At Rutgers, 1876; M. D., Columbia, 1881 ; Attend- 
 ing Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases 
 of the Skin, 1882-86; Northern Dispensary, Diseases 
 of Children, 1883-86; University Dispensary, Diseases 
 of the Skin, 1884-85 ; Lecturer on Minor Surgery, 
 New-York Polyclinic, 1883-84; Sanitary Inspector, 
 New-York City Health Department, Summer Corps, 
 1885 ; Medical Examiner, Equitable Life Assurance So- 
 ciety, since 1886. Author of " Peri-urethral Abscess," 
 May, 1885 ; " Eczema: its Diagnosis and Treatment," 
 March, 1887; "Transient Glycosuria and its Practical 
 Bearings in the Selection of Risks for Life Insurance," 
 N. Y. Med. Jour., April, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine : 47 East 30th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 3IO A 71 Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 Warren,* Levi, 2d Medical Division, 1857, ^• 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1856; 
 in practice in Lyme, Conn., 1857-62; Surgeon, 24th 
 Regiment, Connecticut Volunteers, Department of the 
 Gulf, at Hospital Barracks, New Orleans, La., 1862-63 > 
 resigned while ill with typhoid fever; in practice in 
 Norwich, Conn., 1863-73; Surgeon, New London 
 Northern R. R. Born in Paterson, N. J., 1831 ; died 
 in Norwich, Conn. , February 22, 1873 ; cause, phlegmo- 
 . nous erysipelas, pyaemia, contracted from a patient. 
 Cousin of Francis V. White (1857, I) and Charles B. 
 White (1861, I). 
 
 Washburn, Nathaniel P., . 2d Medical Division, 1893, I. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1887; M. D., University of the City 
 of New-York, 1891. 
 
 Address: Bridgewater, Mass. 
 
 Waterman, James Sears, . ist Medical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 M, D., Columbia, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine: Nostrand Avenue and Macon 
 street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 
 Watkins, Royal Phillips, . 4th Medical Division, 1894, II. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1889; M. D., Columbia, 1892. 
 Address: Gardner, Mass. 
 
 Welch, William Henry, . ist Medical Division, 1876, I. 
 
 a. B., Yale, 1870; M. D., Columbia, 1875; at uni- 
 versities of Strasburg, 1876; Leipzig, 1876-77; Bres- 
 lau, 1877; Vienna, 1878; Munich, 1884; Gottingen, 
 1885; Berlin, 1885; Demonstrator of Anatomy, Belle- 
 vue Hospital Medical College, 1879-84; Professor of 
 Pathological Anatomy, 1880-84; Professor of Pathology, 
 Johns Hopkins L'niversity, since 1885. Author of 
 " Pathologie des Lungenodems," Virch. Archiv. Bd., 
 72, 1878; articles on general pathology and pathologi- 
 cal anatomy in Flint's "Practice of Medicine," 5th ed., 
 1 88 1, 6th ed., 1886; "Organic Diseases of the Stom- 
 ach," Pepper's Sys. Med., 1885, Vol. H., pp. 480-620; 
 "Experimental Study of Glomerulo-nephritis," 1886; 
 " Modes of Infection," 1887 ; "Hemorrhagic Infarction,"
 
 hiternes. 311 
 
 1887; "Structure of White Thrombi," 1888; Cart- 
 wright Lectures on "General Pathology of Fever," 
 1888 ; " Some of the Advantages of the Union of Medi- 
 cal School and University," 1888; " Studies from the 
 Pathological Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, 
 1890"; and various articles in medical journals. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, New-York City and 
 Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Pathological Anatomy and General Pathology : Johns 
 Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. 
 
 Weldon, John, 2d Medical Division, 1884, I. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1883; 
 Surgeon, Union Pacific Railway Hospital, Denver, Col., 
 1885; Surgeon, Kansas Pacific R. R., 1886-89. Resi- 
 dence since leaving the hospital, Denver, Col., 1885; 
 Kansas City, Mo., 1886-89; Willimantic, Conn., since 
 1889. 
 
 General Surgery : Willimantic, Conn. 
 
 WEST,t William Henry, . . 2d Surgical Division, 18^2, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1890. 
 Address : Waterford, Penn. 
 
 Westcott, Nelson S., . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1867, I. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1865 ; Attending Physician, Belle- 
 vue Hospital Dispensary, Diseases of Eye and Ear, 
 1866-72; Northern Dispensary, Diseases of Head and 
 Abdomen, 1867-69 ; Assistant Sanitary Inspector, New- 
 York City Health Department, 1868-73 ; Physician to 
 the 2d District Prison, Department of Public Charities 
 and Correction, 1869-74. 
 
 General Medicine: 156 West 12th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Wetmore, John McEwen, 
 
 4th Medical Division, 1856, I & II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1852; M. D., College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, 1855 ; Visiting Physician, Homeopathic 
 Hospital, Ward's Island, New-York City, since 1875 ; 
 Hahnemann Hospital since 1875 ; Consulting Physi-
 
 312 A?t Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 cian, Laura Franklin Free Hospital for Children, since 
 1886; Visiting Surgeon, Ophthalmic Hospital; Censor, 
 New-York Homeopathic Medical College. 
 
 Homeopathy: 41 East 29th street, New-York City. 
 
 Wheeler,* William LAMONx.t 1S62, II. 
 
 Resigned while Senior Assistant. M. D., Columbia, 
 1861 ; Acting Assistant Surgeon, U. S. N., 1864-67; 
 with West Gulf Blockading Squadron, 1864; on Ru- 
 dolph and tugs in Mobile Bay, 1864; on U. S. S. 
 Tennessee, 1864-65 ; Acting Passed Assistant Surgeon, 
 U. S. N., 1867-68; honorably discharged, November 
 15, 1868. Died suddenly in Newport, R. I., October 
 18, 1887. 
 
 Wheelock, William E., . . 2d Medical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1873; M. D., Columbia, 1876; LL. B., 
 1885. 
 
 Lawyer : 50 Wall street, New-York City. 
 
 White,* Charles Belden, . 4th Medical Division, 1861. I. 
 
 A. B., New-York Free Academy, 1854; A. ^L, 1857; 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1859 ; First 
 Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1861-65 ; 
 Captain and Brevet Major for faithful and meritorious 
 service, 1865; Captain and Assistant Surgeon, 1866-75; 
 Major and Surgeon, 1875. Author of " Some Effects 
 of Altitude and Dryness upon Diseases," Ohio Med. 
 Recorder, Vol. III., p. 241; " Some Remarks on Typho- 
 malarial Fever," idem, Vol. XV^, p. 267; "Report on 
 the Epidemic of Yellow Fever in Jackson Barracks, La., 
 September, 1867," Cir. No. I, p. 133, Surg.-Gen's Off. 
 War Dept. Died in Wilton, Conn., August 10, 1881, 
 aged 41 years; cause, adeno-sarcoma in the axilla. 
 Brother of Francis V. White (1857, I) and cousin of 
 Levi Warren (1857, I). 
 
 White,* Francis Varian, . 2d Surgical Division, 1857, I. 
 
 A. B., University of the City of New-York, 1852; 
 A. M., 1855; M. D., 1855; Attending Physician, 
 Eastern Dispensarj-, New-York City, Diseases of Chil- 
 dren, 1857-58; Censor, Medical Society of the County 
 of New-York, 1880 ; Delegate to the State Society, 1883.
 
 Internes. 3 1 3 
 
 Author of '' Malignant Tumor of the Antrum," N. Y. 
 Jour. Med., Vol. I., p. 225 ; " Ligature of the Common 
 Carotid," idem. Vol. II., p. 140; "Railway Injury of 
 the Foot; Compound Comminuted Fracture of the 
 Metatarsal Bones ; Extensive Suppuration ; Amputa- 
 tion at the Ankle Joint ; Rapid Recovery," idem, Vol. 
 III., p. 381 ; "Remarks on the Treatment of Fracture 
 of the Patella, with a Description of the late Dr. Thomas 
 Turner's Apparatus," N. Y. Med. Rec, Vol. II., p. 198. 
 Born in New-York City, October 10, 1832; died in 
 New-York City, October 9, 1889; cause, hemorrhage 
 from the brachial artery. Brother of Charles B. White 
 (1861, I) and cousin of Levi Warren (1857, I). 
 
 White,* John Phillips Payson, 1862,11. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1858; M. D., Columbia, 1861 ; As- 
 sistant Surgeon, 9th Regiment, New-York Volunteers, 
 Hawkins' Zouaves, 1861 ; Surgeon, loth Regiment, 
 New- York Volunteers, National Zouaves, 1862; served 
 under General Burnside and in the Army of the Poto- 
 mac, 1862-63; in practice in New-York City, 1863-82; 
 Visiting Physician, Charity Hospital, 1871-75 ; Bellevue 
 Hospital, 1877-82. During the draft riots in New-York 
 City, White volunteered to assist his old commander. 
 General Edward Jardine, in restoring order. General 
 Jardine was severely wounded, and. White remaining with 
 him, they were both captured and narrowly escaped 
 hanging at the hands of the mob. While the rope was 
 about his neck. White was recognized by one of the 
 rioters as one who had rendered him professional service, 
 and he released him. Born in Northampton, Mass., 
 July 4, 1838; died in New-York City, December 3, 
 1882; cause, suppurative hepatitis, cholaemia. 
 
 White, Samuel Jessup, Jr., ist Surgical Division, 1889, II. 
 
 A. B., Williams, 1884; M. D., University of the City 
 of New- York, 1888. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: Franklin, N. Y. 
 
 White,'^, Stuart, 2d Medical Division, 1859, II. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1856; M. D., University 
 of the City of New-York, 1858.
 
 314 ^'^ Account of Bellevuc Hospital. 
 Whitney, t Thomas R.,§ 1862, I. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., New-York 
 Medical College, i860. 
 
 WiGGiN, Frederick Holme, 3d Surgical Division, 1878, I. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1877; Visiting Surgeon, City (late 
 Charity) Hospital, New-York City, 1892; Physician, 
 Board of Education, New-York City, 1892. Residence 
 since leaving the hospital, Litchfield, Conn., 1878-90; 
 New- York City since 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 55 West 36th street, 
 New-York City, October to June; Litchfield, Conn., 
 June to October. 
 
 WiLDMAN, Henry Green, . 3d Surgical Division, 1880, H. 
 AL D., Columbia, 1880. 
 
 WlLLARD,t RUFUS, 1S62, II. 
 
 Resigned while Junior Assistant. M. D., University 
 of the City of New-York, 1861. 
 General Medicine : Seattle, Wash. 
 
 Williams, David Hitt, Jr., 3d Medical Division, 1889, H. 
 
 At Vanderbilt University, 1880-83; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1888. 
 
 General Medicine: Knoxville, Tenn. 
 
 Williams, Horace Newell, 3d Surgical Division, 1884, 1. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1882; Medical Externe, Rhode Is- 
 land Hospital, Providence, R. I., 1885-86. 
 
 General Medicine : 106 Broadway, Providence, R. I. 
 
 Williams,* Seth Weston, ^d Medical Division, 1880, I. 
 
 Died while Senior Assistant. A. B., Yale, 1873; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1876; graduated in the German clas- 
 sics. University of Heidelberg, 1876; in Berlin, 1876- 
 1877; Heidelberg, 1877; General Hospital, V'ienna, 
 1877; awarded the Flint Prize in Physiology, 1876; 
 and author of the Sayre Prize Essay on "The Etiology 
 and Pathology of Pott's Disease," 1879. While on his 
 vacation during his senior service, Williams was sud-
 
 Internes. 315 
 
 denly attacked with severe neuralgic pain in his right 
 eye; on the fifth day afterward vomiting began, fol- 
 lowed by right-sided hemiplegia; on the sixth day, dy- 
 sphonia and dysphagia ; these symptoms progressively 
 deepened, and he finally succumbed on the eleventh day 
 of his illness. Born in Nashua, N. H., April 15, 1849; 
 died in Portland, Me., September 20, 1879; cause, 
 acute encephalitis, forming abscess of the cerebellum ; 
 pneumonia (post-mortem diagnosis). 
 
 Williamson, Edward Lincoln, 
 
 2d Surgical Division, 1893, II. 
 
 A. B., Dartmouth, 1889; A. M., 1892; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1892. 
 
 Address : care of editor. 
 
 Wilson, George Flanders, ist Surgical Division, 1881, II. 
 
 At University of Virginia, 1876-79; M. D., 1879; 
 University of the City of New-York, 1880; First Lieu- 
 tenant and Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., 1882-87 5 Cap- 
 tain and Assistant Surgeon, 1887-89; in private practice 
 since 1889. Residence since leaving the hospital, U. S. 
 Army, and Portland, Ore. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Portland, Ore. 
 
 Wilson, Robert Justice, . . 3d Surgical Division, 1892, I. 
 
 B. S., Oregon State Agricultural, 1886; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1890; Externe, 3d Division, Bellevue Hospital, 
 1890. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : Corvallis, Ore. 
 
 Winters, Joseph Edcil, . 2d Medical Division, 1875, II. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1872; 
 instructor in Anatomy, University of the City of New- 
 York, 1873-75 ; Demonstrator, 1873-85 ; Lecturer on 
 Diseases of Children, 1881-84; Clinical Professor since 
 1884; Assistant Curator, Bellevue Hospital, 1875-79; 
 Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, Diseases of 
 Children, since 1882; Consulting Physician, University 
 Dispensary, Diseases of Children, since 1884; Bellevue 
 Hospital Dispensary since 1886. Author of '"Is the 
 Operation of Tracheotomy in Diphtheritic Croup Dan-
 
 3i6 An Account of Bcllcvnc Hospital. 
 
 gerous? When and How should the Operation be Per- 
 formed?" 1884; "Diphtheria and Its Management," 
 1885 ; "Are Membraneous Croup and Diphtheria Dis- 
 tinct Diseases?" 1885; "The Relative Influences of 
 Maternal and Wet-nursing on Mother and Child," 1886. 
 General Medicine : 36 West 32d street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 Wood, Walter Guilds, . . 2d Surgical Division, 1890, II. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1886; M. D., Columbia, 1889; at 
 University of Edinburgh, 1887; Clinical Assistant in 
 Surgery, Vanderbilt Clinic, 1891 ; Assistant Surgeon, 
 St. Bartholomew's Hospital Dispensary, Genito-urinary 
 Diseases, 1891. 
 
 General Surgery : 28 Herkimer street, Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 WOODBRIDGE,* ENOCH Dav, 4th Surgical Division, 1875, I. 
 
 A. B., Yale, 1868; M. D., Columbia, 1872. Died 
 in Vergennes, Vt. , January 4, 1887; cause, chronic 
 nephritis. 
 
 Woodbury, John McGaw, 3d Surgical Division, 1882, II. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1879; A. M., 1882; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1881; M. R. C. S., London, 1883; at Westmin- 
 ster College Hospital, and Middlesex College Hospital, 
 London, 1882-83 ! universities of Heidelberg and \"i- 
 enna, 1883-84; Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 1884; Attending 
 Orthopaedic Surgeon, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, 
 1884-86; Assistant Attending Physician, Demilt Dis- 
 pensary, Diseases of Children, 1886; First Assistant 
 Surgeon, Roosevelt Hospital Dispensary, since 1884. 
 Author of "Disposition of the Dead: Burial and Cre- 
 mation," 1885; "Treatment of Scalds and Burns," 1885. 
 
 General Surgery : 28 West 20th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Woodruff, John Elihu, . . ist Surgical Division, 1877, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1872; A. M., 1875; M. D., Co- 
 lumbia, 1875. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 31 West 21st street, 
 New-York City.
 
 Internes. 317 
 
 Woodward, Julius Hayden, 2d Surgical Division, 1884, 1. 
 
 B. S., Cornell, 1879; M. D., Columbia, 1882; Uni- 
 versity of Vermont, 1882 ; Professor of Diseases of the 
 Throat, University of Vermont, 1886-87 ; Professor of 
 Materia Medica and Therapeutics since 1887 ; Professor 
 of Diseases of the Eye and Ear since 1889; Secretary 
 of the Faculty, 1891 ; Visiting Ophthalmologist, Mary 
 Fletcher Hospital, Burlington, Vt., 1891. Author of 
 various articles in medical journals. Residence since 
 leaving the hospital, Brandon, Vt., 1884-87; Burhng- 
 ton, Vt., since 1887. 
 
 Diseases of the Eye, Ear, and Throat : 94 Church 
 street, Burlington, Vt. 
 
 Wright, Clark, ist Medical Division, 1888, II. 
 
 Ph. B., Yale, 1881 ; M. D., Columbia, 1885 ; at uni- 
 versities of Berlin and Vienna, and Hygienic Institute, 
 Berlin, and General Hospital, Vienna, 1888-90. 
 
 General Medicine: 165 West 85th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Wyckoff, Richard Morris, 2d Surgical Division, 1864, H. 
 
 A. B., Amherst, 1859; M. D., Bellevue, 1864; Act- 
 ing Assistant Surgeon, U. S. A., on S. S. 5. R. Spaicl- 
 ding, 1865 ; Secretary, Medical Society County of Kings 
 (N. Y.), 1871-82; Visiting Physician, St. Peter's Hospi- 
 tal, Brooklyn, N. Y., 1875; Assistant Sanitary Inspec- 
 tor, Metropolitan Board of Health, 1869; Sanitary In- 
 spector, Brooklyn Board of Health, 1873 ; Assistant 
 Sanitary Superintendent, 1874-75 ; Register of Vital 
 Statistics, 1878-82; Secretary and Deputy Commis- 
 sioner, 1882-86; Chairman, Publication Committee, 
 Medical Society State N. Y., 1877; one of the Foun- 
 ders of Brooklyn Pathological Society, 1870; New-York 
 State Medical Association, 1883 ; Kings County Medi- 
 cal Association, 1887; Secretary, latter, 1887-88; mem- 
 ber of Executive Cominittee, 1889 ; one of the Editors of 
 Proceedings of Medical Society County of Kings, 1876- 
 1884; Vice-President, Medico-historical Society, 1885- 
 1888. Author of "Early Medicine in New-York," 
 Trans. Med. Soc. State N. Y., 1876; "Medicine in 
 Kings County in 1776," Proceed. Med. Soc. Co. Kings, 
 1876; "The Adirondacks and Hay Fever: Summer
 
 3i8 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Mortality and Temperature," idctn, 1S77 & 1878; 
 "Contributions to Toner's Governmental Report on 
 Annals of American Medicine," 1874; "American Medi- 
 cal Colleges," Cyclop. Ed., 1879; "Vital Statistics of 
 Brooklyn. 1877 & 1878; with Tables for 1879-81," 
 1885; " Ex-Internes of Bclicvue Hospital," N. Y. Med. 
 Jour., May 18, 1889; "Sir Edwin Chadwick," Hrook. 
 Med. Jour., Sept., 1890; and various other articles on 
 vital statistics and meteorology, sanitation, medical his- 
 tory, biography, etc., N. Y. Med. Reg., 1880-86; 
 Proceed. Med. Soc. Co. Kings, 1877-81 ; Brook. Med. 
 Jour., & Ann. Repts. Dep. Health, 1878-86; Trans. 
 N. Y. State Med. Assoc. 
 
 General Medicine: 532 Clinton Avenue, Brooklyn, 
 N. Y. 
 
 WvLiE, Robert Hawthorne, 
 
 4th Surgical Division, 1886, I. 
 
 Certificate in Mechanics, Cooper Institute, New-York 
 City, 1879; Ph. B., Yale, 1883; M. D., University of 
 the City of New-York, 1885 ; at General Hospital, Vi- 
 enna, and hospitals in Paris and Berlin, 1887; At- 
 tending Physician, Bellevue Hospital Dispensary, Dis- 
 eases of Women, since 1886; Assistant Visiting Physi- 
 cian, Bellevue Hospital, since 1888; Consulting Sur- 
 geon, Hackensack (N. J.) Hospital, 1891. Brother of 
 W. Gill Wylie (1872, I). 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of Women : 215 West 
 43d street, New-York City. 
 
 WvLiE, Walker Gnx, ... 3d Surgical Division, 1872, I. 
 
 At University of South Carolina, 1868 ; M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1871; Interne, New-York State Woman's Hospi- 
 tal, 1872-73 ; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 Diseases of Women, 1882 ; Visiting Gynaecologist, 
 Bellevue Hospital, since 1882; Consulting Gynaecologist, 
 Seney Hospital. Brooklyn, N. Y., 1891 ; Professor of 
 Diseases of Women, New- York Polyclinic, since 1882. 
 Author of '■ Hospitals: Their History, Organization, and 
 Construction." Boylston Prize Essay, D. A. & Co., 
 1876; "Report on the Training-school for Nurses to 
 be Connected with Bellevue Hospital," G. Putnam's 
 Sons, 1872; "Anteflexion of the Uterus: Its Etiology 
 and Associated Pathological Conditions," Amer. Jour.
 
 Internes. . 319 
 
 Obstet., Sept., 1883, and Dec, 1884; "Observations in 
 Abdominal Surgery, Based on a Report of 57 Laparot- 
 omies, etc.," Trans. Amer. Gyn. Soc, 1886; "Report 
 of 125 Laparotomies, with Observations on the Use of 
 Hot Water in the Peritoneal Cavity during and after 
 Laparotomy, to Prevent Shock, etc.," N. Y. Med. Rec, 
 March, 1887; "Ventral Hernia, Caused by Laparot- 
 omy," Amer. Jour. Obstet., Jan., 1887; "One Hundred 
 and Ten Laparotomies for Removal of the Uterine Ap- 
 pendages: Sixty-one Consecutive Cases without a 
 Death," Ann. Gyn., Dec, 1887; "A Year's Work in 
 Abdominal Surgery, with Report of Seventy-one Cases," 
 N. Y. Med. Rec, March, 1888; "Diseases of the 
 Uterine Appendages: Their Relations to Pelvic Adhe- 
 sions, Displacements, and Abscess, "Med. News., Phila., 
 March, 1886; "Menstruation and its Disorders," 
 Mann's Sys. Gynec, Vol. 1.,- Lea Bros. & Co., 1888; 
 "Salpingitis," idon, Vol. II. Brother of Robert H. 
 Wylie (1886, I). 
 
 Diseases of Women : 28 West 40th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Young, Charles, 3d Medical Division, 1868, I. 
 
 A. B., Princeton, 1861 ; A. M., 1864; M. D., Colum- 
 bia, 1866; Visiting Surgeon, St. Barnabas' Hospital, 
 Newark, N. J., 1868-71, and since 1887; St. Michael's 
 Hospital, 1871-83; Newark City Hospital since 1884; 
 Visiting Physician, Essex County Asylum for the In- 
 sane, 1881-84. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery: 1058 Broad street, 
 Newark, N. J. 
 
 Young,* John Henry Weir, ^d Medical Division, i88j, II. 
 
 Died while Junior Assistant. B. S., Cornell, 1879; 
 M. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1881; Columbia, 
 1881; before beginning the study of medicine he at- 
 tended academical institutions in Germany and at Coler- 
 aine, Ireland; was subsequently graduated from the 
 Peekskill (N. Y.) Military Academy, and received the 
 Putnam County State Scholarship in Cornell. Born in 
 Philadelphia, Penn., June 19, 1859; died in New-York 
 City, May 3, 1882; cause, lymphangitis of the arm, 
 pyaemia, contracted from an autopsy made at the 
 hospital.
 
 320 Afi Accoioii of Bellcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Young, Joseph C 3d Medical Division, 1874, II. 
 
 M. D., Columbia, 1873; Curator, St. Michael's Hos- 
 pital, Newark, N. J.; Visiting Physician since 1879; 
 Visiting Surgeon since 1888; President, Medical Board, 
 1 889. Residence since leaving the hospital, Cold Spring, 
 N. Y. ; Newark, N. J., since 1875. 
 
 General Medicine and Surgery : 964 Broad street, 
 Newark, N. J. 
 
 Zabriskie,* Le.MAIRE, . . . 2d Surgical Division, 1S66, II. 
 
 Died while Senior Assistant. A. B., New-York Free 
 Academy, 1863; M. D., Bellevue, 1866. Born Febru- 
 ary 3, 1844; died in New-York City, March 29, 1866; 
 cause, typhus fever, contracted in the hospital. 
 
 Zerega, Louis Augustus, . 2d Surgical Division, 1891, I. 
 
 A. B., College of the City of New-York, 1886; M. 
 D., Columbia, 1889. 
 
 Address: St. Nicholas Club, New-York City.
 
 THE HOUSE STAFFS. 
 
 ARRANGED CHRONOLOGICALLY. 
 
 EXPLANATORY. 
 
 From 1806 to 1S17 the Resident was known as Resident Physician and 
 Surgeon. From 1817 to 1826 there were two Residents, known respectively 
 as House Physician and House Surgeon. The term of office was not defi- 
 nitely limited. In 1826, when the Resident Physician, or chief-of-staff, was 
 appointed, he was given two assistants, and as the service in subsequent 
 years grew larger these were added to until, in 1846, there were six, and in 
 1848 eight, Assistant Resident Physicians. These are arranged in the list 
 below as nearly as possible in chronological order. 
 
 The Assistant Resident Physicians served, as a general rule, for one year, 
 the service being divided as is shown on page 42. 
 
 From 1850 the names given below are of the House Physicians and House 
 Surgeons only. Since that date the staff has been changed twice in each 
 year, usually on April i and October i ; these are numbered I and II re- 
 spectively. The changes were frequent during the year 1850 because of the 
 different dates of appointment of the individual members of the staff, many 
 having been originally appointed as Assistant Resident Physicians ; three 
 staffs are numbered, therefore, in 1850. In 1850, 185 1, and 1852, there 
 were but the two grand divisions of Medical and Surgical, but since 1853, 
 1, the names are given in the numerical order of divisions. For some years 
 past the 1st Medical and 2d Surgical Divisions were changed on June i and 
 December i, but since 1890, on July i and January i. The names on 
 these divisions are placed with staff I when the service ends on July i, and 
 with staff II when it ends on January i. 
 
 For the various changes in the term and character of the service, see 
 pages 59, 65, and 99. 
 
 * Deceased, f Resigned. % Left the hospital before the expiration of 
 the term of service. ^ Subsequent data not ascertained.
 
 322 Afi Account of Bellcvuc Hospital. 
 
 1 806-1808. 1 808-1 8 10. 
 
 Richard Seaman. § John Huyler.'^ 
 
 1808. i8io-(?) 
 
 Hunting Sherill.§ Creed.<^ 
 
 1815-1817. 
 Stephen Bro\vn.* 
 
 1817-1820. 
 
 Medical Division. Surgical Division. 
 
 Stephen Brown.* John Howe. Jr.§ 
 
 1820-1823. 
 Belden.* (?) John E. Wester vi-:lt.* 
 
 1823-1825. 
 Belden.* John L. Suckley.* 
 
 1825-1826. 
 James H. Rodgers.* Theodore F. King.* 
 
 1826-1833. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Isaac Wood.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 James H. Rodgers.* Charles S. Trippler.* 
 
 Theodore F. King.* Edmund G. Rawson.* 
 
 Samuel Boyd, Jr.* William Wilson.* 
 
 George Griswold.* William P. Buel.§ 
 
 Alfred S. Purdy.* 
 
 1833-1834. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Stephenson. § 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 William S. Mayo. Abram Hazelhurst.§
 
 The House Staffs. 323 
 
 1834-1835. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Benjamin Ogden.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 Abram Du Bois.* David L. Eigenbrodt.* 
 
 1835-1837. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 (?) 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 Demetrius Stamatiades.* Casey.§ 
 Thompson.^ 
 
 1837- 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Benjamin Ogden.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physiciafis. 
 
 Abram Du Bois.* Demetrius Stamatiades.* 
 
 David L. Eigenbrodt.* Casey.§ 
 Thompson. § 
 
 1837-1839. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Henry Van Hoevenburg.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physician. 
 
 Levi Ives.* 
 1840-1842. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Alexander F. Vache.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physiciatis, 
 
 William Darling.* Richard H. Coolidge.* 
 
 Philip A. Davenport.* John Osborn.-^ 
 
 Charles G. Barney.§ Thomas F. Cock. 
 
 James Hyslop.*
 
 324 A 71 Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 1842-1843. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Alexander B. Whiting.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 James O. Van Hoevenburg.* Scott.§ 
 1843-1844. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 John Corning.§ 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 Edward R. Chapin.* Edmund Stewart.^ 
 
 1844-1846. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 John McClelland.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 David T. Brown.* Edward Moon.* 
 
 Nicholas Morrell.§ William Atwater.§ 
 
 Hall.§ Trowbridge.^ 
 
 Daniel Ayres.* H. O. Tallmadge. 
 (Nicholas L. ?) Campbell.^, John J. Milhau.* 
 
 Joseph Winterbotham.* John J. Lawrence.* 
 
 George H. Bunyan.* A. Hubbard Koon.§ 
 
 (W. C. ?) Spaulding.§ Peter A. Mullen.* 
 
 Noah C. Levings.* Henry Moreton. 
 
 (John W. ?) Osgood. § Jarvis R. Mowbray.* 
 
 1 846 -1 847. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Fenelon Hasbrouck.* 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians. 
 
 William W. Sanger.* John Deacon.* 
 
 Charles T. Quintard. Davis.§ 
 
 Augustus Van Buren.* James G. Clark. 
 
 Moses H. Ranney.* J ohm Gallaer.*
 
 TJic House Staffs. 
 
 6^^ 
 
 John P. Reilay. 
 Nathaniel W. Taylor.* 
 Charlton H. Wells. § 
 
 Henry S. Hewit,* 
 John Fraime, Jr.* 
 Henry W. Porter.* 
 
 1 847- 1 849. 
 
 Residetit Physician. 
 
 D. Meredith Reese.* 
 
 Assistant Resideiit 
 W00D.§ 
 
 Lyman H. Stone.* 
 Enoch Green.* 
 GoRHAM Beals.* 
 0'Neill.§ 
 Henry G. Cox.* 
 
 MOTT.* 
 
 (William M. ?) Gould.§ 
 G. H. H. Kingsbury.* 
 William R. Blakeman.* 
 Elihu T. Hedges.* 
 Dayton. § 
 
 William W. Cahoon.* 
 David Seligman.* 
 Benjamin F. Wendell.* 
 Thomas F. Rochester.* 
 
 Physicians. 
 
 G. D. Daggett.* 
 Louis Fassett.§ 
 (George W. ?) Burrall.* 
 J. M. Lawrence. § 
 John A. Lidell.* 
 Beszin R. Masters.* 
 Sydney B. Worth.* 
 Isaiah W. Condict.* 
 R. V. Fairchild.* 
 Desault Guernsey.* 
 Dillon S. Landon.* 
 Henry D. Jenkins. 
 William B. Bibbins.* 
 Starling Loving. 
 Jonas P. Loines.* 
 Wynne. § 
 
 1850, I. 
 
 House Physicians. 
 
 Henry D. Jenkins. 
 Richard V. Fairchild.* 
 William B. Bibbins.* 
 
 House Surgeons. 
 
 Jonas P. Loines.* 
 Starling Loving. 
 
 1850, n. 
 Desault Guernsey.* Jonas P. Loines.* 
 
 Richard V. Fairchild.* Starling Loving. 
 Isaiah W. Condict.
 
 326 A fi Account of Bel/cvuc Hospital. 
 
 1850. III. 
 
 House Physicians. House Surgeons. 
 
 Desault Guernsey.* Wm. H. Cunningham. 
 
 W. 11 H. Richardson.* Sylvester Van Syckel. 
 
 Isaiah W. Condict. 
 
 1851, I. 
 Horatio W. Gridley.* John Moore. 
 
 Arthur H. Jackson.* Charles Page. 
 
 Isaac J. Senior. 
 
 1851, II. 
 
 James B. Adams.* E. Lee Jones.* 
 
 Richard H. Alexander.* Stephen Smith. 
 Henry K. Olmsted, vice 
 Lefroy Ravenhill.* 
 
 1852. I. 
 
 Frederick Nash.* John Moneypenny. 
 
 R. L. Brodie, vice G. C. Marshall,* vice 
 
 Richard H. Alexatidcr* i Chas. H. Rawson.* 
 
 (time expired). 
 Henry K. Olmsted. 
 
 1852, II. 
 
 Frederick Elliot.* Aaron P. Dalrymple. 
 
 Robert L. Brodie. Guy C. Marshall.* 
 
 Oscar P. Stoll.* 
 
 1853, I- 
 
 Robert T. Bryan.* John H. P. Stevens.* 
 
 J. H. Burford.* Ellsworth Eliot. 
 
 F"rancis H. Garrett.* 
 
 1853, II. 
 James T. Chunn.* William R. Donaghe.* 
 
 T. Gaillard Thomas. George N. Richardson. § 
 
 Daniel M. Burgess.
 
 The House Staffs. 327 
 
 1854, I- 
 
 House Physicians. House Surgeons. 
 
 John W. S. Gouley. Franklin Everts.* 
 
 George C. Starke. Sylvester Teats.* 
 
 Thompson F. Craig.* 
 
 1854, II. 
 
 Henry R. Baldwin. Samuel H. Aiken.§ 
 
 Russell McCord.§ Dorrance K. Mandeville. 
 
 Silas S. Cartwright. 
 
 1855, I. 
 
 Edward F. Mathews. Thomas H. Maddux. 
 
 Henry B. Sands.* James B. Murdoch. 
 
 William Frothingham.* 
 
 1855, II. 
 
 Ralph N. Ishaui.X Sylvester J. Sawyer.* 
 
 George K. Amerman.* Oswald Warner. 
 
 \ Frederick B. Norcom.* 
 
 1856, I. 
 
 Charles L. Ives.* Wm. Frothingham.* 
 
 William H. Draper. George K. Amerman.* 
 
 James D. Galt.* 
 
 1856, II. 
 
 Samuel C. Pointer.* i Henry B. Sands* 
 
 Henry Janes. 
 
 Homer C. Hitchcock.* 
 
 John McE. Wetmore. 
 
 1857. I. 
 
 James B. Reynolds.* Bolling A. Pope. 
 
 Levi Warren.* Francis V. White.* 
 
 David D. Saunders. 
 Joseph S. Dodge, Jr.
 
 328 A71 Account of Bellcvuc Hospital. 
 
 House /'/lysicians. 
 
 John R. Buist, vice 
 Bcnjamiji LccA 
 Reuben Cohh.* 
 John C. Draper.* 
 Joseph Bluxome. 
 
 1857, n. 
 
 1858, I. 
 
 John R. Buist. 
 Robert C. McEwen. 
 George P. H.\rdaway.* 
 Charles F". W. Haase. 
 
 House Surgeons. 
 
 Isaac N. Himes. 
 John G. Johnson. 
 
 Frederick A. Burrall. 
 John J. Campbell.* 
 
 1858, !I. 
 Edward \V. Lambert. Nathan Barrows. 
 
 Samuel R. Forman. John M. Farrington. 
 
 Henry F. Andrews. 
 Charles J. Walton. 
 
 1859, I- 
 
 Foster Swift.* 
 James R. Bird. 
 Richard B. Maury. 
 Edmund R. Walker.* 
 
 Daniel W. Schmidt.* 
 Charles Phelps. 
 
 1859, II. 
 
 Edward B. Dalton.* 
 Stuart White. <^ 
 William J. Jones. 
 Elijah C. Kinney.* 
 
 i860, I. 
 
 Dayid Little. 
 Henry Draper.* 
 William H. Elliott. 
 Thomas S. Grimke. 
 
 Charles P. Russel.* 
 Timothy Babb.<§, 
 Charles Phelps. 
 
 J. W. Hunt, vice 
 t Frank HawtJiorn.* 
 John A. Graham. 
 Charles E. Goddard.*
 
 The House Staffs. 329 
 
 i860, II. 
 
 House P/iysiciatis. House Surgeons. 
 
 Edward W. Barrett.* John W. Hunt. 
 
 James E. Parrish. Frederick Bedford.* 
 
 Alexander Hadden. Eugene Peugnet.* 
 John Howe, Jr.* 
 
 1861, I. 
 Phanett C. Barker. Erskine Mason.* 
 
 Luis Fernandez.* Isham R. Page. 
 
 William C. Fergusson.* Howard Pinckney.* 
 Charles B. White.* 
 
 1861, II. 
 
 J. Lawrence Hicks. B. Avery Segur (acting). 
 
 Moses J. De Rosset.* A. L. Lowell,* vice 
 
 Charles H. Covell.* f Walter Coles.* 
 
 William K. Cleveland. Edward S. Bogert. 
 
 1862, I. 
 
 Lewis Fisher.* B. Avery Segur. 
 
 Charles H. Suydam.§ Abram L. Lowell.* 
 
 Maus R. Vedder. Henry M. Lyman. 
 Francis R. Lyman.* 
 
 1862, II. 
 
 William H. Martin. iColin Mackenzie.* 
 
 AsAHEL N. Brockway. George W. Carleton. 
 
 Henry S. Plympton.* Samuel F. Shaw.* 
 George W. Edwards.* 
 
 1863, I. 
 
 William M. James. Henry T. Sears.§ 
 
 William -H. King.* Henry E. Paine. 
 
 Thomas K. Chandler.* W. C. Pryer,* vice 
 
 William H. Ensign.* T. Micnson Coati.i
 
 3J< 
 
 A 71 Account of Bellcznic Hospital. 
 
 House Physicians. 
 
 Walter M. Jamks. 
 Walter R. Gillette. 
 J. CooLiDGE Stone.* 
 William T. Nealis.* 
 
 1863, II. 
 
 House Surgeons. 
 
 Washington F. Peck.* 
 Henry Raphael.* 
 William C. Pryp:r.* 
 
 1864, I. 
 William Lee,** vice James W. Southwortii. 
 
 George H. Olmsted.* John G. Lauderdale. 
 
 Walter R. Gillette. Emelio L. Mola.* 
 
 Jacob B. Luce.* 
 
 1864, II. 
 
 William Lee.* 
 George Porter.* 
 George Engs.* 
 Samuel D. Wadswortil* 
 
 Irving W. Lyon. 
 Richard M. Wyckoff. 
 Joseph G. Smith. § 
 
 1865, I. 
 
 Francis Delafield. 
 
 John S. Bird. 
 
 J. Bayly Done.* 
 Orestes M. Pray.* 
 Russell B. Brownell.* 
 
 1865, II. 
 Walter DeF. Day.* William A. Lockwood. 
 
 Dar\yin Everett.* Henry G. Piffard. 
 
 Edward G. Janeway. John W. Southack.* 
 
 Henry C. Eno. 
 
 1866, I. 
 
 William H. Birckhead. 
 H. Lyle Smith. 
 P'rancis D. Edgerton. 
 William G. Harrison. 
 
 Joseph C. de Varona. 
 Edward Farrell. 
 Antonio L. Luaces.* 
 
 1 Dr. Lee's death was reported after the alphabetical list had been printed.
 
 The House Staffs. 
 
 ZZ"^ 
 
 1866, II. 
 
 House Physicians. 
 
 Sebastian Amabile.* 
 George Gamble.* 
 Charles H. Ludlum. 
 
 House Surgeons. 
 
 W. W. Johnston. 
 H. Lyle Smith. 
 Joseph C. de Varona. 
 
 1867, 
 Elijah H. Smith.* 
 T. DwiGHT Bradford.* 
 J. Calvin Mead.* 
 
 William R. Fisher. 
 Henry F. Walker. 
 Henry D. Nicoll. 
 
 Charles H. Ludlum. 
 Nelson S. Westcott. 
 David M. Cory. 
 
 1867, II. 
 
 John C. Mead.* 
 
 D. McLean Forman. 
 
 Joseph W. Howe.* 
 
 James B. Burnet. 
 J. Clarke Thomas. 
 Charles Young. 
 
 1868, I. 
 
 William H. Johnston. 
 Albert Strang.* 
 Peter R. Cortelyou, 
 
 1868, II. 
 
 Charles S. Bull. 
 Henry B. Stoddard. 
 Juan J. Flores. 
 
 Charles E. Lockwood. 
 E. Darwin Hudson.* 
 Reuben A. Vance. 
 
 1869, I. 
 William H. B. Pratt. Charles D. T. Gibson. 
 
 William J. Chandler. Richard C. Van Wyck. 
 
 Roger S. Tracy. Thaddeus M. B. Cross. 
 
 1869, II. 
 Benjamin C. Riggs.* Henry E. Owen. 
 
 Alexander Tunstall. Edward B. Bronson. 
 
 R. Channing M. Page. Francke H. Bosworth.
 
 332 A>i Account of Bcllevuc Hospital. 
 
 1870, I. 
 
 House Physicians. House Surgeons. 
 
 Stephen Pierson. Alexander C. Graham. 
 
 Louis D. Si-roat.* Malcolm McLean. 
 
 Thomas J. Moore. James O. Pingry. 
 
 1870, II. 
 
 Charles W. Badeau. John G. Curtis. 
 
 John J. Reid. Charles McBurney. 
 
 William M. Polk. Nathan'l G. McMaster. 
 
 1871, I. 
 
 Walter Judson. Joseph D. Bryant. 
 
 Seneca D. Powell. William J. O'Byrne. 
 
 M. G. MiLLiKEN,* vice James T. Synnott.* 
 Blair D. Taylor.\ 
 
 1871, II. 
 
 William D. Schuyler.* Thomas K. Cruse. 
 Frank J. Metcalfe.* Samuel B. St. John. 
 
 Murray G. Milliken.* W. T. Alexander. 
 
 1872, I. 
 
 John A. McCreery. Duncan C. Lee.* 
 
 Thomas A. McBride.* Serapio M. de Varona.* 
 
 Ednvard W. Burnette. W. Gill Wylie. 
 
 1872, II. 
 
 Francis P. Kinnicutt.^ AMBROSE L. Ranney. 
 
 Wm. H. Katzenbach. Thomas A. McBride.* 
 
 A. Alexander Smith. John W. Mitchell. 
 
 1873, I- 
 
 Joseph F. Corrigan. William T. Bull, vice 
 
 Henry S. Swan. f W. B. Dunning.* 
 
 Maurice B. Early. Geo. A. VanWagenen. 
 
 William F. Fluhrer.
 
 The Ho2i.se Staffs. 2)2>c) 
 
 1873. n. 
 
 House Physicians. House Siirgeoiis. 
 
 MoLTON H. Forrest. William T. Bull. 
 
 L. Bolton Bangs. T. H. Burchard. 
 
 James L. Perry (acting). J. D. Griffith. 
 
 1874, I. 
 
 Martin J. Fleming. Leroy J. Brooks 
 
 Wm. H. Farrington. Mathias Figuiera. 
 
 James L. Perry. Calvin Terriberry. 
 
 1874, II. 
 
 John A. Steurer. James H. Hunt.* 
 
 Robert A. Murray. William C. Shaw. 
 
 Joseph C. Young. Glover C. Arnold. 
 
 1875, I- 
 
 Robert A. Murray. Joseph R. Bryan. 
 
 Enoch D. Woodbridge.* Benjamin J. Harlin.* 
 
 Frederick W. Chapin. Edwin A. Lewis. 
 Charles T. Torrey. 
 
 1875, II. 
 
 George R. Metcalf. George F. Bates.* 
 
 Joseph E. Winters. Robert G. Glass.* 
 
 Augustus W. Knox. John B. Isham. 
 
 John M. Hills. Gustav M. Stoeckel. 
 
 1876, I. 
 
 William H. Welch. Thomas J. Kearney. 
 
 Francis A. Smith.* John C. Pennington. 
 
 John Van Vorst, Jr.* Frederic S. Dennis. 
 
 John E. Allen. Wm. C. C. Andrews.* 
 
 1876, II. 
 
 John C. Kendall. David L. Wallace. 
 
 Henry Goldthwaite. C. Peck Smith. 
 
 John C. Cochran.* Henry M. Silver. 
 
 Raphael F. Hine.* Charles H. Thomas.
 
 334 ^'^ Acco2int of Bclleviic Hospital. 
 
 1S77, I. 
 
 House Physicians. House Surgeons. 
 
 R. Van Santvoord. John E. Woodruff. 
 
 Robert J. Heixmuller.* John F. Sth^lwell. 
 
 Anthony Peck. Arthur Pell. 
 
 James Symlnoton. George B. Hope. 
 
 1877, IT. 
 
 WiLLLAM A. Gorton. Theodore U. Mills. 
 
 Henry S. Norris. Edward H. Peaslee. 
 
 William H. Taylor.* Martin Burke. 
 
 Frederic P. Griswold. Richard Kalish. 
 
 1878, I. 
 Ed\vard Sanders. William L. Cuddeback. 
 
 William E. Wheelock. S. O. Van der Poel. 
 Payson M. Chadwick. Frederick H. Wiggin. 
 
 Herman Canfield. William S. Halsted. 
 
 1878, II. 
 
 Pascal M. Dowd. William A. Hamilton.* 
 
 Leonard C. McPhail. William R. Upham.* 
 
 Charles L. Dana. Mason Thomson. 
 
 Beverly Livingston.* George E. Munroe. 
 
 1879, I- 
 
 Everett S. Warner. Samuel R. Morrow. 
 
 John N. Mackenzie. George P. McCrecry.\ 
 
 William H. Flint. Gorham Bacon. 
 
 George A. Dixon. Emanuel Hochheimer. 
 
 1879, II. 
 Dryden Johnson. Frederic S. Gould. 
 
 George S. Conant. Charles E. Ouimby. 
 
 Caspar Griswold.* Timothy M. Cheesman. 
 
 David Franklin. William D. McKim.
 
 The Hotise Staffs. 335 
 
 1880, I. 
 
 House Physicians. House Surgeons. 
 
 Robert Milbank. Matthew D. Field. 
 
 William J. Swift. William C. Gorgas. 
 
 Charles V. Chapin. Charles D. Scudder.* 
 
 Manuel J. Flores. Nelson Clements.* 
 
 1880, II. 
 
 J. C. McCoy. Haller H. Henkel. 
 
 Walter L. Ranney.* Silas P. Leveridge. 
 
 Charles V. Chapin. H. G. Wildm.\n. 
 
 William S. Cheesman. John H. Girdner. 
 
 1881, I. 
 
 Thomas D. Swift.* Edward K. Root. 
 
 Nathan E. Brill. Frank Montgomery.* 
 
 George H. Moller, Jr.* Reese H. Voorhees. 
 
 George M. Swift. Wm. B. Vanderpoel. 
 
 1881, II. 
 
 Henry Blodget. George F. Wilson. 
 
 W. H. Snow. Wisner R. Townsend. 
 
 William B. Anderton. Harry M. Sherman. 
 
 Charles C. Barrows. L. Emmett Holt. 
 
 1882, I. 
 
 Henry Blodget. A. E. Nichols, vice 
 
 Charles W. Pilgrim. Henry I. Rayniond.i 
 
 William C. Stone.* Frank Hartley. 
 
 M. Allen Starr. J. McG. Woodbury, vice 
 
 Morton GrinncllA 
 Frank W. Olds. 
 
 1882, II. 
 John Warren. Arthur E. Nichols. 
 
 William R. Pryor. Ami J. Magnin. 
 
 Fred M. Corwin. John McG. Woodbury. 
 
 Everett M. Culver. Charles G. Bull.
 
 03^ 
 
 All Account of Bcllevuc Hospital, 
 1883,1. 
 
 House Physicians. 
 
 Henry Koplik. 
 William Fruitnight.* 
 John S. Thacher. 
 Samuel Alexander. 
 
 House Surgeons. 
 
 John B. Gibbs. 
 Parker Syms. 
 Harry S. Seabrook. 
 Thomas H. Kinnaird. 
 
 1883, n. 
 
 Julius A. Roth. 
 Casper O. Miller. 
 Jacob Lewengood. 
 Howard A. Pardee. 
 
 1884, I. 
 
 Condict W. Cutler. 
 John Weldon. 
 William F. Acker max.* 
 Hiram H. Scclyc.\ 
 
 WiLLLV.M L. WaRDWELL.* 
 
 Fraser C. Fuller.* 
 Jasper J. Garmany. 
 Samuel Lewengood. 
 
 Wm. T. OppenhIxMER. 
 John H. Woodward. 
 Horace N. Williams. 
 Robert T. Morris. 
 
 1884, n. 
 
 A. Brothers, vice 
 Jacob H. Frankcnbcrg.\ 
 Henry P. Loomis. 
 Hermann M. Biggs. 
 Walter H. Chapin. 
 
 1885, 
 Abram Brothers (acting). 
 Egbert Le Fevre. 
 Henry Herman. 
 Robert A. Simpson. 
 
 I. 
 
 Le Roy W. Hubbard. 
 Albert F. Brugman. 
 Frederick Edmister. 
 John R. Conway. 
 
 Fred W. Gwver. 
 W. V. Hazelton (acting). 
 Samuel H. Pinkerton. 
 Willis W. French.* 
 
 1885, H. 
 Abram Brothers. Henry S. Stearns. 
 
 Floyd M. Crandall. L. W^ Hotchkiss, vice 
 
 Reginald H. Sayre. William F. Hazelton.i 
 
 John H. French. Garry de N. Hough. 
 
 Charles F. Stokes.
 
 The JToicse Staffs. 
 
 3Z7 
 
 1886, I. 
 
 Hojisc Physicians. Hotisc Stirgeons. 
 
 Alexander B. Pope. John W. Keefe. 
 
 Trumbull W. Cleaveland. Lucius W. Hotchkiss. 
 Robert J. Carlisle. Nathan S. Jarvis. 
 
 Brandreth Symonds. Robert H. Wylie. 
 
 1886, II. 
 Samuel W. Lambert. Clarence H. Gardner. 
 
 Adolph W. Berle. John T. Howell. 
 
 Thomas J. Charlton. Sollace Mitchell. 
 
 James H. Kingman. Benjamin L. Ten Eyck. 
 
 1887, I. 
 
 John S. Ely. 
 J. Clifton Edgar. 
 Lewis M. Silver. 
 John C. Spencer. 
 
 1887, II. 
 
 W. N. Hubbard (acting). 
 W. Travis Gibb. 
 William H. Navniiack.X 
 Edgar N. McGiffert. 
 
 Joseph C. Clark. 
 Alexander B. Johnson. 
 George G. Larcombe. 
 George W. Crary. 
 
 David D. Jennings. 
 Otto J. Gutsch. 
 H. Seymour Houghton. 
 M. A. Crockett. 
 
 1888, I. 
 
 William N. Hubbard. 
 Edward J. Lorenze. 
 Witter K. Tingley. 
 Solomon H, Kempner. 
 
 George H. Coombs. 
 A. H. Leyton (acting). 
 Thomas McCann. 
 William C. Braisted. 
 
 1888, II. 
 Clark Wright. 
 Cornelius G. Coakley. 
 RuTSON Maury.* 
 James Stafford. 
 
 1 Dr. Ballou's death was reported after the alphabetical list had been printed 
 
 Irving S. Haynes. 
 Albert H. Leyton. 
 John F. Erdmann. 
 William R. Ballou.*^
 
 2,;^S Afi Account of Be Hemic Hospital. 
 
 1889, I. 
 
 House Physicians. House Surgeons. 
 
 John W. Pakkish. Charles \V. Jackson. 
 
 Juan J. Martinez. Edward A. Keilv. 
 
 Robert \V. Greene.* Charles H. Chetwood. 
 
 Clarence A. Smlfh. Daniel R. Phillips. 
 
 1889, II. 
 
 Harry McM. Painter. Samuel J. White, Jr. 
 
 Thomas J. Dunn. Clarence L. Lewis, Jr. 
 
 David H. Williams, Jr. Lawrence Litchfield. 
 
 Alexander La.mbert. Chauncev P. Biggs. 
 
 1890. I. 
 
 Edwin K. Losee. W.m. N. MacArtnev. 
 
 Samuel Cummings. Royal W. Pinney. 
 
 David H. McAlpin, Jr. William B. Arnold. 
 
 James H. McIntosh. Theodore Dunham. 
 
 1890, II. 
 
 Stewart Paton. Herbert L. Constable. 
 
 Marcos M. Rodrig.uez. Walter C. Wood. 
 
 Austin Flint, Jr. George D. Stewart. 
 
 W. Evelyn Porter. Morton R. Peck. 
 
 1891, I. 
 
 James S. Waterman. William E. Chase. 
 
 George C. Pope. Louis A. Zerega. 
 
 George P. Biggs. Charles W. Banks. 
 
 William S. MacLaren. John M. Brooke. 
 
 1891, II. 
 Hermann A. L. Schneider. William F. Stone. 
 Charles H.Towlerton. Milton E. Artman. 
 Jesse B. Stone. P'rank H. Munkwitz. 
 
 Samuel K. Bremner. Walter Bensel.
 
 The House Staffs. 
 
 ;39 
 
 !, I. 
 
 House Physicians. 
 
 Martin J. Echeverria. 
 Charles A. Knight. 
 Oswald O. Cooper, 
 lomax gwathmey. 
 
 1892, II. 
 Thomas L. Richards. 
 George D. Hamlen. 
 William J. Pulley. 
 Frank C. Hollister. 
 
 1893, I. 
 Charles W. Stewart. 
 Nathaniel P. Washburn. 
 William E. Studdiford. 
 Daniel B. Hardenbergh. 
 
 House Surgeons. 
 
 Clarence R. Chapman. 
 Clarence Glisan. 
 Robert J. Wilson. 
 Elmer F. Berkele.* 
 
 George B. Gushing. 
 James C. P. Van Loan. 
 S. Dana Hubbard, Jr. 
 James H. Titterington. 
 
 George N. Stockwell.X 
 Charles H. DeLancy. 
 Harry H. Nelden. 
 Thomas B. Enders. 
 
 SUMMARY. 
 
 Total number of Resident Physician and Surgeons, 5 ; 1 House Physi- 
 cians and House Surgeons, 6 (one died of typhus fever contracted in the 
 house) ; Resident Physicians, 1 1 ; 2 8 of these are reported deceased and 3 
 are missing. Of the Assistant Residents 92 are reported ; 57 are deceased, 
 25 missing and 10 are Hving — 10 died of typhus fever contracted in the 
 house. From 1850, 1, to 1893, 1, both inclusive, there have been 634^ appoint- 
 ments to the staff, and in addition there are 18 who are now serving in the 
 hospital (exclusive of the appointments made on April i, 1893). Of the 
 634, 448 are now living, 172'i deceased, and 14 are missing. The resigna- 
 tions number 54; of these 27 are living, 20 are deceased, and 7 missing; 
 in addition 13 left the hospital before the expiration of the term of service, 
 16 died while on duty and 2 before beginning the service, leaving 549 as 
 the number of those who completed the full term ; of these 409 are living, 
 133 are deceased, and 7 are missing. 
 
 1 It is uncertain how long Dr. Creed served, probably not for the five years from 
 1810 to 1815, however. 
 
 2 For the term from 1835 to 1837 no name is obtainable. 
 
 3 This includes 7 who have been already counted among the Assistant Resident 
 Physicians. 
 
 •t This includes 2 deaths reported after the alphabetical list was printed.
 
 340 Aji Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 The appointments on the house staff made on April i, 1893, were the 
 foUosving: 2d Medical Division, Charles George SprouU, M. D., University 
 of the City of New-York, 1893, for 2 years from April i, and Robert C. 
 James, M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1893, for 2 years from 
 October i, 1893; 3d Medical Division, John Patrick Conroy, M. D., Belle- 
 vue, 1893, for 18 months from April i, and Frederic William Fabricius, 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1893, for 18 months from October i, 1893; 4th Medical 
 Division, Frederick Fuller Russell, M. D., Columbia, 1893, for 2 years from 
 April 1, and Harry Pierce, M. D., Albany Medical College, 1893, for 2 
 years from October i, 1893 ; ist Surgical Division, Samuel Emmet Getty, 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1893, for 18 months from 
 April I, RoUin Alanson Curtiss, M. D., University of the City of New-York, 
 1893, for 2 years from April i, and Albert Leroy Flanders, M. D. . Uni- 
 versity of the City of New-York, 1893, for 2 years from October i, 1893 ; 3d 
 Surgical Division, Winfield Ayres, M. D., Bellevue, 1893, for 18 months 
 from April i, and William Chittenden Lusk, M. D., Bellevue, 1893, for 
 18 months from October i, 1893; 4th Surgical Division, Robert Gold- 
 thwaite, Jr,, M. D., Bellevue, 1893, for 18 months from April i, and Louis 
 P. Smith, M. D,, Columbia, 1893, for 18 months from October i, 1893. 
 For the externe appointments, see List of Externes on page 341,
 
 EXTERNES. 
 
 The externe service was established upon several divisions 
 in the spring of 1889. These divisions were the 1st Surgical 
 and 2d Medical, and the 3d Divisions. A second Junior As- 
 sistant was added to the 4th Medical Division, who is in the 
 regular line of succession to the House service, whereas the 
 externes serve for one year only, — for six months on the medi- 
 cal, and for six months on the surgical side, — and are not in the 
 line of promotion. The externe service on the 2d Medical Di- 
 vision was discontinued on April i, 1891, and the 2d Junior 
 Service was adopted instead. In October, 1892, an externe 
 service was added to the 4th Surgical Division, so that at pres- 
 ent the division staffs consist of four men, except upon the ist 
 Medical and 2d Surgical Divisions, — the 3d Medical and ist, 
 3d, and 4th Surgical Divisions having externes, the 2d and 4th 
 Medical each two Junior Assistants. 
 
 BowEN, Henry Charles, . ist Surgical Division, 1892-93. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1892. 
 Address: Westfield, Mass. 
 
 Carlton, James Flake, . 4th Surgical Division, 1892-93. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1891. 
 Address: Statesville, N. C. 
 
 Cassel, James Wilson, 3d Divisions, 1889-90, 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1889. 
 
 General Medicine : 148 West I32d street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 22A 341
 
 342 A 71 Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 ^ AT TT ^ 2d Medical Division, ) ^o 
 
 Clark, M. H < . ,.c • i t^- • • \ 1889-90. 
 
 ' ( 1st Surgical Division, S 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New- York, 1889. 
 
 ^ , ^, , ,. , , (2d Medical Division, ? „ 
 
 Darby, Charles S., Jr., i . ^' , . o • 1 r>- • • ^ 1890-91. 
 
 ( 1st Surgical Division, ^ ^ ^ 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York. 1890; 
 resigned, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine : Stamford, Conn. 
 
 Halliday, Edward Vivian, ... 3d Divisions, 1893-94. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1893. 
 
 Address: Mandeville, Jamaica, \V. I. 
 
 HoAG, Ward Bryant, 3d Divisions, 1892-93. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1892. 
 
 General Medicine: 115 West 95th street, New- York 
 City. 
 
 KiNNE, William, 3d Divisions, 1891-92. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1891. 
 
 General Medicine: 464 Fourth Avenue, Brooklyn, 
 
 N. Y. 
 
 Kolaskv, Henry M., 3d Divisions, 1892-93. 
 
 At College of City of New-York; M. D., Bellevue, 
 1892. 
 Address : 945 First Avenue, New-York City. 
 
 Levba, Edward Philip Willem, . 3d Divisions, 1889-90. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1889; Assistant to the chair of 
 Laryngology and Rhinology, New-York Polyclinic, 
 1890-91 ; to the chair of Genito-urinary Diseases, Sy- 
 philology and Dermatology, Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College, 1890-92 ; Attending Surgeon, Bellevue Hospi- 
 tal Dispensary, Diseases of the Skin and Genito-urinary 
 Diseases, 1890-92. 
 
 General Medicine : 39 West 27th street, New-York 
 City.
 
 Externes. 343 
 
 L'HOMMEDIEU, John B., . . ist Surgical Division, 1891-92. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1891. 
 Address: Medina, N. Y. 
 
 Neuhaus, George E., 3d Divisions, 1891-92. 
 
 At Gymnasium, Goerlitz, Germany, 1876-84; gradu- 
 ate of Friedrich-Werdersche Gymnasium, Berlin, 1886; 
 at University of Berlin, 1889; M. D., Bellevue, 1891. 
 
 General Medicine: 171 West 95th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Parker, Ransom Joseph, . 4th Surgical Division, 1893-94. 
 M. D., Columbia, 1893. 
 
 Teeter, Charles Edwin, .... 3d Divisions, 1893-94. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1893. 
 Address: Tom's River, N. J. 
 
 Virden, John Elmer, 3d Divisions, 1890-91. 
 
 A. B., Ohio Normal University, 1886; A. M., 1889; 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1890. 
 
 General Medicine: Indianapolis, Ind. 
 
 Whitcomb, John Lewis ( 2d Medical Division, ) „ 
 
 Church, ^ ist Surgical Division, ^ ^ 9091. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1890. 
 General Medicine : 974 Boston Avenue, New-York 
 City. 
 
 Wilson, Robert J., 3d Divisions, 1890-91. 
 
 See List of Internes, 1850-94.
 
 344 
 
 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 HAEC AIEA ORNAMEXTA SUNT." 
 
 Belden, 
 
 John James Lawrence, August 15, 
 Augustus Van Buren, . May 18, 
 Henry William Porter, .... 
 Gorham Beals, .... January 9, 
 William Rufus Blakeman, . . . 
 William Wirt Cahoon, . August, 
 
 Elihu T. Hedges, 
 
 Enoch Green 
 
 David Seligman 
 
 Sydney B. Worth, 
 
 Horatio Wells Gridley, March, 
 Lefroy Ravenhill, . . . May 24, 
 Joseph B. Richards, . . . June 4, 
 Henry White Cook, . . March 17, 
 William Hebron King, March 21, 
 Geo. Herschel Olmsted, Dec. 16, 
 Eugene O. Rowe, . . January 12, 
 Henry J. Devlin, .... April 5, 
 George Clinton Dewey, April 17, 
 Lemaire Zabriskie, . . March 29, 
 Richard Varick Pell, August 22, 
 Seth Weston Williams, Sept. 20, 
 Eben Hunt, .... September 3, 
 Geo. Henry Ham.mond,' May 18, 
 John Henry Weir Young, May 3, 
 Wm. Hustace Hubbard, May 29, 
 
 825, T\-phus Fever. 
 846. 
 
 847, 
 847. 
 
 848, 
 848, 
 848, 
 848, 
 848, 
 849, 
 851, 
 851, 
 860. 
 863. 
 863. 
 863, 
 864, 
 864, 
 864, 
 866, 
 866, 
 
 879. 
 880, 
 881, 
 
 Appendicitis. 
 T\'phus Fever. 
 
 Asiatic Cholera. 
 Encephalitis. 
 Diphtheria. 
 Septicaemia. 
 
 884. Typhoid Fever. 
 
 I Erroneously inscribed as John H. Hammond on the memorial tablet in the Board 
 Room at the hospital. The first thirteen names have not been inscribed on the tablet.
 
 DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL DISEASES. 
 
 GENERAL SUPERINTENDENT. 
 Macdonald, Alexander Edward, 1886- 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1870; 
 House Physician, New-York Hospital for Epileptics, 
 1870-71 ; Senior Assistant Physician, New-York City 
 Asylum for the Insane, 1871 ; Physician, 1873-80; In- 
 terne, Charity Hospital, 1871-73; Professor, Medical 
 Jurisprudence and Psychological Medicine, University 
 of the City of New-York, 1874-92 ; Emeritus since 1892. 
 
 Address: Asylum for the Insane, Ward's Island, New- 
 York City. 
 
 EXAMINERS IN LUNACY. 
 Hardy,* William Lewis, 1879-86. 
 
 M. D., Bellevue, 1871 ; Interne, Centre Street Re- 
 ception Hospital, 1 87 1 ; Surgeon, School-ship Mercury, 
 1872; Resident Physician, New-York City Inebriate 
 Asylum, 1874-75 ; Physician to City Prison, 1879-86. 
 Born in New-York City, May 18, 1849; died in New- 
 York City, April 24, 1886; cause, cerebro-spinal men- 
 ingitis. 
 
 Jackson,* William Wiley, 1879-82. 
 
 M. D., University of the City of New-York, 1874. 
 
 Field, Matthew D., 1882- 
 
 See List of Internes, 1850-94. 
 345
 
 346 ^ fi Accoimt of Bellcvtic Hospital. 
 Fitch. Allkn, 1886- 
 
 M. U., Albany, 1879: Universityof the City of New- 
 York, 1880. 
 
 Mental Diseases: 158 West 34th street, New-York 
 City. 
 
 RESIDENT PHYSICIANS. 
 
 WiLDMAN, HEXRV VALENTINE, 1 882-87. 
 
 At Bow Institute, London, Eng., 1868-73; M. D., 
 University of Michigan, 1880; Assistant Physician, 
 New-York City Lunatic Asylum, 1^80-82 ; Substitute 
 Examiner in Lunacy, Department of Public Charities 
 and Correction, New-York City, since 1887 ; Instructor 
 in Nervous and Mental Diseases, New-York Polyclinic, 
 1887-88; Attending Physician, Demilt Dispensary, 
 Diseases of the Nervous System, 1889-90. 
 
 General Medicine and Diseases of the Nervous Sys- 
 tem : 108 West 94th street, New-York City. 
 
 Douglas, Stuart 1887- 
 
 Graduatcd Leesburgh Academy, 1878; M. D., Uni- 
 versity of Virginia, 1881 ; Columbia, 1882; Assistant 
 Physician, New-York City Lunatic Asylum, 1882-87. 
 
 Mental Diseases : 35 West 36th street, and Bellcvuc 
 Hospital, New-York City.
 
 RESIDENCE DIRECTORY. 
 
 EXPLANATORY. 
 
 f Resigned; t Left before expiration of term of service; Ex. Externe. 
 
 This list does not include the names of those who have recently left the 
 hospital, except in instances in which the place of permanent residence has 
 been decided upon. The addresses given in the alphabetical list for the 
 members of the recent staffs are the home addresses — permanent ad- 
 dresses, but not necessarily the places of actual residence. 
 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 ALABAMA. 
 Bir7ningham WiLLiAM H. JOHNSTON . 2oi2>^ First Avenue. 
 
 ARKANSAS. 
 
 Little Rock Solomon H. Kempner . Fifth and Main streets. 
 
 CALIFORNIA. 
 
 Alameda Charles G. Bull 
 
 Los Angeles John W. Hunt 135 South Grand Avenue. 
 
 Pasadena John B. Isham 66 North Euclid Avenue. 
 
 Saft Francisco JOSEPH Bluxome 217 Powell street. 
 
 Harry M. Sherman . . . 705 Sutter street. 
 
 John C. Spencer Crocker Building. 
 
 Santa Barbara . . .Frederic S. Gould .... 
 
 COLORADO. 
 
 Antonito Dryden Johnson 
 
 Denver Frederic H. Lay f 811 Seventeenth street.
 
 348 An Account of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 CONNECTICUT. 
 
 Ansonia RosciUS Y. Downs f . . . . 194 Main street. 
 
 Bridgeport HENRY BlodGET 313 State street. 
 
 Derby Royal W. Pinney 
 
 Hartford THOMAS B. Endeps Highland street. 
 
 Irving W. Lyon 26 Buckingham street. 
 
 Henry K. Olmsted. . . . (Retired). 
 
 Edward K. Root 238 Main street. 
 
 Samuel B. St. John ... .43 Pratt street. 
 Litchfield William S. MacLaren . 
 
 Frederick H. Wiggin. .(June to October). 
 
 Mcriden FREDERIC P. Griswold .481 Broad street. 
 
 Middletown FRANCIS D. Edgerton . . 26 Washington street. 
 
 New Haven Walter Judson 1145 Chapel street. 
 
 William F. Stone 143 Lamberton street. 
 
 Norfolk John C. Kendall 
 
 Norwalk William A. Lockwood .23 West Avenue. 
 
 Norwich Anthony Peck 4 Sachem Terrace. 
 
 Witter K. Tingley ... .28 Washington street. 
 
 Satigatuck Henry C. Eno (Retired). 
 
 Stamford CHARLES S. DARBY, jR. t ■ Ex. 
 
 Willimantic John Weldon 
 
 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
 
 Washington William W. Johnston . 1603 K street, N. W. 
 
 John Moore, Brig.-Gen., 
 
 U. S. A. (Retired.) . . .903 Si.xteenth street,^N. W. 
 Reese H. VoORHEES (Lawyer). 
 
 FLORIDA. 
 
 Jacksonville Sollace Mitchell 95 West Forsyth'street. 
 
 Saint Leo Joseph F. Corrigan . 
 
 Winter Park Nathan Barrows . . . .Rollins College. (Not in 
 
 practice. ) 
 
 GEORGIA. 
 
 Marietta PETER R. CORTELYOU . . . 
 
 Savannah Thomas J. Charlton . . 
 
 William H. Elliott. . . .92 Gwinnett street. 
 
 George G. Larcombe . .82 Liberty street. 
 Washington Henry F. Andrews .... 
 
 Robert A. Simpson
 
 Residence Directory. 
 
 349 
 
 ILLINOIS. 
 
 Areola Henry D. Jenkins (Farmer. ) 
 
 Chicago X Ralph N. Isham 321 Dearborn Avenue. 
 
 Henry M. Lyman 65 Randolph street. 
 
 Dixon Henry E. Paine 
 
 Indianapolis 
 La Poi'te . . . . 
 
 INDIANA. 
 
 John E. Virden, Ex. 
 . f George L. Andrew. 
 
 KANSAS. 
 Leavetiworth DANIEL R. PHILLIPS 
 
 Wichita JESSE B. Stone 
 
 .Care Dr. Samuel Phillips, 
 Delaware and Fifth streets. 
 
 KENTUCKY. 
 
 Covington Charles H. Thomas. . . . looi Madison Avenue. 
 
 Lexington Joseph Bryan 115 East Main street. 
 
 Thomas H. Kinnaird . .40 East Main street. 
 
 Baker 
 
 LOUISIANA. 
 Thomas H. Maddux. . 
 
 MAINE. 
 
 Auburn f Wallace K. Oakes 
 
 Brunswick George H. Coombs . . 
 
 Cumberland C?«/£'r. Charles T. Torrey . 
 
 (Retired.) 
 
 Baltimore 
 
 MARYLAND. 
 
 .William S. Halsted . 
 William G. Harrison 
 John N. Mackenzie . . 
 
 Caspar O. Miller 
 
 ISHAM R. Page 
 
 William H. Welch . . 
 
 Johns Hopkins Hospital. 
 .26 Mount Vernon Place. 
 .605 North Charles street. 
 .836 North Eutaw street. 
 
 1206 Linden Avenue. 
 Johns Hopkins L^niversity. 
 
 MASSACHUSETTS. 
 
 Amherst JHlRAM H. Seelye 
 
 Boston t Ernest W. Gushing 
 
 Lowell George W. Carleton. 
 
 168 Newburv street.
 
 350 An AccoiDit of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Lynn + REUBEN F. DEARBORN . i6 South Common street. 
 
 New Bedford Garry de N. Holgh ... .95 Elm street. 
 
 Newtonville HENRY B. Stoddard , . 
 
 Springfield Frkderick W. Chapin . . 20 Maple street. 
 
 Walter H. Chapin. . . 675 State street. 
 Westfield Henry C. Howen, Ex . . 
 
 MINNESOTA. 
 
 Dulitth Edgar N. McGiffert . . i West Superior street. 
 
 St. Paul . . .George R. Metcalf. ... i 10 West Fourth street. 
 
 MISSOURI. 
 
 Glasgo7u James W. Southworth . 
 
 Kansas City JEFFERSON D. Griffith. Ninth st. and Grand Ave. 
 
 {Archibald La\vson. . . . 1120 Main street. 
 
 NEBRASKA. 
 Omaha Payson M. Chadwick . . 
 
 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
 Wolf bora JCharles F. Roberts. . . 
 
 NEW JERSEY. 
 
 Allendale Charles W. Badeau . . . 
 
 Asbury Park fJOHN W. ROBIE 
 
 Bayonne City Fred M. Corwin V/est Sixth street. 
 
 Clinton Sylvester Van Syckel . 
 
 Do%>er Isaiah W. Condict 
 
 East Orange William B. Arnold. . . .56 State street. 
 
 Freehold D. McLean Forman ... 
 
 Hoboken William R. Fisher ... .711 Washington street. 
 
 Jersey City Samuel R. Forman ... .319 Bergen Avenue. 
 
 Madison William H. Martin ... 
 
 Morris Plains Oswald Warner Morris Plains Asylum. 
 
 Morristown Phanett C. Barker. . . . 
 
 John C. Pennington (Retired.) 
 
 Stephen Pierson 50 South street. 
 
 Newark J AMES B. BuRNET 16 Chestnut street. 
 
 Geo. a. Van WaGENEN . loi North Sixth street. 
 
 D.wiD L. Wallace 202 Clinton Avenue. 
 
 Charles Young 1058 Broad street. 
 
 Joseph C. Young 964 Broad street.
 
 Residence Directory. 351 
 
 New Brunswick . . . Henry R. Baldwin 
 
 Nufley William E. Chase 
 
 Paterson Calvin Terriberry 172 Market street. 
 
 South Oraflge VVlLLIAM J. CHANDLER. . 
 
 Stanhope Harry H. Nelden 
 
 NEW-YORK. 
 
 Albany Samuel R. Morrow .... 29 South Hawk street. 
 
 Auburn W. S. Cheesman, Jr. . . 22 William street. 
 
 Binghatnton John M. Farrington. .11 Jay street. 
 
 Brooklyn James R. Bird 122 Putnam Avenue. 
 
 Frederick Edmister. .319 Ninth street. 
 
 Mathias Figuiera 12 Stuyvesant Avenue. 
 
 John G. Johnson 153 Joralemon street. 
 
 William Kinne, Ex . . . .464 Fourth Avenue. 
 
 Edwin A. Lewis 102 Pierrepont street. 
 
 Leonard C. McPhail. . 127 Pierrepont street. 
 
 D. K. Mandeville 15 Fourth Avenue. 
 
 William H. B. Pratt . .94 Sixth Avenue. 
 
 Avery Segur 281 Henry street. 
 
 t William S. Torrey. .81 Reid Avenue. 
 
 James S. Waterman . . .Nostrand Ave. & Macon st. 
 
 Richard M. Wyckoff. .532 Clinton Avenue. 
 
 Walter C. Wood 28 Herkimer street. 
 
 Buffalo M. A. Crockett 482 Franklin street. 
 
 fARTHUR W. Hurd State Asylum for Insane. 
 
 Cambridge John Moneypenny 
 
 Central Valley James F. Ferguson . . . .Falkirk. 
 
 Dansville MiLTON E. Artman .... 
 
 Flushing Joseph L. Hicks 
 
 Fort Covington . . . .William N. MacArtney 
 
 Frattklin Samuel J. White, Jr. . . 
 
 Goshen Arthur Pell 
 
 Hempstead Charles H. Ludlum . . . 
 
 Hudson H. Lyle Smith 
 
 Hyde Park John S. Bird 
 
 Ithaca Chauncey P. Biggs . 
 
 Johtistown John W. Parrish 
 
 Lyons Charles H. Towlerton 
 
 Medina CLARENCE R. CHAPMAN . 
 
 John B. L'Hommedieu, Ex. 
 
 Middletoiun THEODORE D. Mills . . . 
 
 Millbrook, Dutchess 
 
 County James O. Pingry
 
 352 An Account of Bcllcvnc Hospital. 
 
 New Brighton . . . .Brandreth Symonds. . . i Tompkins Avenue. 
 
 Newburgh John T. Howell 205 Grand street. 
 
 A^ew-Vork City . . SAMUEL ALEXANDER. ... 5 West 58th street. 
 
 WelcomeT. Alexander St. Nicholas Av.& 157th st. 
 
 John E. Allen 470 West 144th street. 
 
 William B. Anderton 34 West 47th street. 
 
 Glover C. Arnold 115 East 30th street. 
 
 GoRHAM Bacon 63 West 54th street. 
 
 L. Bolton Bangs 31 East 44th street. 
 
 t Solomon Barnett . . .365 West 30th street. 
 
 Charles C. Barrows 7 East 36th street. 
 
 Walter Bensel 64 East 79th street. 
 
 Adolph W. Berle 145 Avenue B. 
 
 George P. Biggs 5 West 58th street. 
 
 Hermann M. Biggs 5 West 58th street. 
 
 Francke H. BOSWORTH.26 West 46th street. 
 
 \.\THAN E. Brill 805 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Asahel N. Brockway . .50 East 126th street. 
 
 Edward B. Bron^on . . 123 West 34th street. 
 
 Abr.a.m Brothers 162 Madison street. 
 
 Albert F. Brugman . . .588 East 141st street. 
 
 Joseph D. Bryant 54 West 36th street. 
 
 Charles S. Bill. ... 47 West 36th street. 
 
 William T. Bull 35 West 35th street. 
 
 T. Herring Burchard .7 East 48th street. 
 
 Martin Burke 147 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Edward W. Burnette .56 West 35th street. 
 
 Frederick A. BuRRALL.48 West 17th street. 
 
 Robert J. Carlisle. . . .34 West 47th street. 
 
 James W. Cassel, Ex. ... 148 West i32d street. 
 
 tGEO. W. Chamberlain 439 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 T. M. Cheesman 46 East 29th street. 
 
 Charles H. Chetwood. 109 East 34th street. 
 
 fSTEPHEN J. Clark 21 West nth street. 
 
 T. W. Cleaveland . . .242 West 43d street. 
 
 Cornelius G. Coaklev 126 East 45th street. 
 
 tTlTUS M. COAN 67 East 54th street. 
 
 George S. Conant 148 East i8th street. 
 
 Herbert L. Constable. 125 West 34th street. 
 
 John R. Conway 130 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Floyd .\L Crandall ... 113 West 95th street. 
 
 George W. Crary 152 West 57th street. 
 
 Thaddeus AL B. Cross Sturtevant House. 
 
 Everett NL Culver 124 W^est 95th street.
 
 Residence Directory. ^c^ 
 
 New-York City . John G. Curtis 127 East 35th street. 
 
 CoNDiCT W. Cutler . . .260 West 57th street. 
 
 Aaron P. Dalrymple . .337 West 35th street. 
 
 Charles L. Dana 50 West 46th street. 
 
 Francis Delafield .... 12 West 32d street. 
 
 Frederic S. Dennis 542 Madison Avenue. 
 
 George A. Dixon 15 West 49th street. 
 
 Joseph S. Dodge, Jr. . , .(Dentist), 15 West 20th st. 
 
 Stuart Douglas Bellevue Hospital. 
 
 William H. Draper 19 East 47th street. 
 
 Theodore Dunham 347 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Thomas J. Dunn 2735 Webster Avenue. 
 
 Maurice B. Early 84 Macdougal street. 
 
 Martin J. Echeverria . 102 West 74th street. 
 
 J. Clifton Edgar 115 East 35th street. 
 
 Elsworth Eliot 48 West 36th street. 
 
 John S. Ely 147 West 73d street. 
 
 Henry C. Eno (Retired), iii Broadway. 
 
 John F. Erdmann 141 West 34th street. 
 
 Wm. H. Farrington . . .Astor House. 
 
 James F. Ferguson 168 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Matthew D. Field. .... 115 East 40th street. 
 
 Martin J. Fleming 132 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Austin Flint, Jr 252 Madison Avenue. 
 
 William H. Flint 37 East 33d street. 
 
 William F. Fluhrer. . .479 Fifth Avenue, 
 t Jacob H. Frankenberg 142 East 74th street. 
 
 David Franklin 17 East 129th street. 
 
 t Rowland G. Freeman 147 West 57th street. 
 
 John H. French 43 West 5 ist street. 
 
 Jasper J. Garmany 40 West 40th street. 
 
 W. Travis Gibb 365 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 John B. Gibbs 28 West 20th street. 
 
 Charles D. Gibson (Business), 31 Pine street. 
 
 Walter R. Gillette. . .24 West 40th street. 
 
 John H. Girdner 31 West 38th street. 
 
 Henry Goldthwaite . . Fifth Avenue Hotel. 
 John W. S. Gouley . . . .324 Madison Avenue. 
 
 t Morton Grinnell Audubon Park, W. 157th st. 
 
 Fred W. Gwyer 332 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Charles F. W. Haase. .794 Lexington Avenue. 
 Alexander Hadden ... 155 East 51st street. 
 
 George D. Hamlen 159 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Frank Hartley 7 West 31st street.
 
 354 ^^^ Account of Bclleviic Hospital. 
 
 New- York City. . . . Irving S. Haynes 316 East 86th street. 
 
 Henry Herman 627 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 t Christian A. Hertkr .839 Madison Avenue. 
 
 John M. Hills (Retired), Hotel St. Marc. 
 
 Ward B. Hoag, Ex 115 West 95th street. 
 
 Emanuel Hochheimer .224 East 72d street. 
 Frank C. Hollister . . .226 West 75th street. 
 
 L. Em.mett Holt 15 East 54th street. 
 
 George B. Hope 34 West 51st street. 
 
 Lucius W. Hotchkiss . .5 East 41st street. 
 H. Seymour Houghton 301 West 88th street. 
 LeRoy W. Hubbard ... 161 West 23d street. 
 William N. Hubbard . .7 East 41st street. 
 Charles W. Jackson ... 168 West 8ist street. 
 Edward G. Janeway . . .36 West 40th street. 
 
 David D. Jennings 333 East 20th street. 
 
 Alexander B. Johnson. 12 West loth street. 
 
 Richard Kalish 50 West 36th street. 
 
 Wm. H. Katzenbach. . .22 West 45th street. 
 Thomas J. Kearney. . . . 126 East 29th street. 
 
 Edward A. Keily 138 West 104th street. 
 
 t Francis P. KiNNlcurT.42 West 37th street. 
 Henry M. Kolasky, Ex. .945 First Avenue. 
 
 Henry Koplik 175 East 70th street. 
 
 Alexander Lambert. . .2 East 37th street. 
 Edward W. Lambert . .2 East 37th street. 
 Samuel W. Lambert . . .2 East 37th street. 
 
 Egbert LeFevre 161 West 23d street. 
 
 Silas P. Leveridge 271 East Broadway. 
 
 Jacob Lewengood 129 East 84th street. 
 
 Samuel Lewengood. ... 129 East 84th street. 
 Clarence L. Lewis, Jr. (Not in practice), 77 Pine st. 
 Albert H. Leyton 256 West 57th street. 
 
 Charles E. Lockwood. . 59 West 36th street. 
 
 Henry P. Loomis 58 P^ast 34th street. 
 
 Edward J. Lorenze . . . 1584 Madison Avenue. 
 David H. McAlpin, Jr. .40 West 40th street. 
 Charles McBurney .28 West 37th street. 
 
 John A. McCreery 350 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 William D. McKim . . .751 Madison Avenue. 
 
 Malcolm McLean 28 East 126th street. 
 
 Nathan. G. McMASTER.322 East 15th street. 
 
 Robert Milbank 154 West 48th street. 
 
 Robert T. Morris 133 West 34th street.
 
 Residence Directory. 355 
 
 New-York CUy George E. Munroe ... .43 East 33d street. 
 
 Robert A. Murray ... .235 West 23d street. 
 tWiLLiAM H. Nammack.ii Rutgers Street. 
 George E.Neuhaus, Ex. 171 West 95th street. 
 
 Henry D. Nicoll 51 East 57th street. 
 
 Henry S. Norris 123 West 34th street. 
 
 William J. O'Byrne. . . .328 Alexander Avenue. 
 
 Frank W. Olds 26 West 71st street. 
 
 Henry F. Owen 40 West 56th street. 
 
 R. Channing M. Page. .31 West 33d street. 
 
 H. McM. Painter 602 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Stewart Paton 596 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Edward H. Peaslee. . .29 Madison Avenue. 
 
 Morton R. Peck 66 East 126th street. 
 
 James L. Perry 79 West 47th street. 
 
 Charles Phelps 34 West 37th street. 
 
 Henry G. Piffard 10 West 35th street. 
 
 William M. Polk 7 East 36th street. 
 
 Alexander B. Pope .... 126 West 45 th street. 
 
 George C. Pope 933 Park Avenue. 
 
 W. Evelyn Porter 50 West 33d street. 
 
 Seneca D. Powell 12 West 40th street. 
 
 William R. Pryor 15 Park Avenue. 
 
 William J. Pulley 227 East 86th street. 
 
 Charles E. Quimby ... .44 West 36th street. 
 Ambrose L. Ranney. ... 156 Madison Avenue. 
 
 JDavid L. Rauch 103 1 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 John J. Reid 853 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 Julius A. Roth 308 East 79th street. 
 
 Edward Sanders 126 East 82d street. 
 
 Reginald H. Sayre .... 285 Fifth Avenue. 
 H. A. L. Schneider . . . . i86 Ninth Avenue. 
 Harry H. Seabrook ... 118 East 72d street. 
 
 Henry M. Silver 39 Seventh street. 
 
 Lewis M. Silver 103 West 72d street. 
 
 fGEORGE L. Simpson. . . .296 WilHs Avenue. 
 A. Alexander Smith . .40 West 47th street. 
 
 C. Peck Smith 246 West 44th street. 
 
 Stephen Smith 574 Madison Avenue. 
 
 James Stafford 157 Madison Avenue. 
 
 M. Allen Starr 22 West 48th street. 
 
 Henry S. Stearns 21 East 44th street. 
 
 John A. Steurer 78 West 47th street. 
 
 George D. Stewart ... 149 Lexington Avenue.
 
 356 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 New-York City John E. Stillwell 151 East 21st street. 
 
 GUSTAV Stoeckel 361 West 42d street. 
 
 Wm. E. Studdiford. . . .95 Park Avenue. 
 
 George M. Swift 29 East 31st street. 
 
 William J. Swift 40 East 30th street. 
 
 James Symington. (Re- ^ 
 
 tired), Care Albert > 35 Wall street. 
 Symington, Esq ) 
 
 Parker Syms 55 West 36th street. 
 
 John S. Thacher 33 West 39th street. 
 
 J. Clarke Thomas 107 West 47th street. 
 
 T. Gaillard Thomas. . .6cx3 Madison Avenue. 
 
 Mason Thomson 168 Lexington Avenue. 
 
 James H. Titterington 39 West 27th street. 
 
 WiSNER R. TowNSEND. .28 West 59th street. 
 
 Roger S. Tracy 301 Mott street. 
 
 S. Oakley VanderPoel.47 East 25th street. 
 
 W. B. Vanderpoel 106 East 24th street. 
 
 R. Van Santvoord 106 West I22d street. 
 
 Joseph C. de Varona . .227 East 31st street. 
 
 Maus R. Vedder 690 Madison Avenue. 
 
 Henry F. Walker 8 East 30th street. 
 
 Everett S. Warner ... 117 East 26th street. 
 
 John Warren 47 East 30th street. 
 
 Nelson S. Westcott .156 West 12th street. 
 
 John McE. Wetmore. . .(Homeopath), 41 E. 29th st. 
 
 William E. Wheelock. (Lawyer), 50 Wall street. 
 
 JohnL.C.Whitcomb, Ex. 974 Boston Avenue. 
 
 Frederick H. Wiggin. .55 West 36th street. 
 
 H. Valentine WiLDMANi 108 West 94th street. 
 
 Joseph E. Winters 36 West 32d street. 
 
 John McG. Woodbury . 28 West 20th street. 
 
 John E. Woodruff ... .31 West 21st street. 
 
 Clark Wright 165 West 85th street. 
 
 Robert H. Wylie 215 West 43d street. 
 
 W. Gill Wylie 28 West 40th street. 
 
 Norwich Leroy J. BROOKS 
 
 Olean JOSEPH C. Clark 
 
 Oswego Pascal M. Dowd 
 
 Peekskill CHARLES A. Knight — 
 
 Portchester Edward F. Mathews . . . 
 
 PortJervis CHARLES W. BANKS 
 
 William L. Cuddeback. 
 
 1 See Resident Physicians, Department of Mental Diseases.
 
 Residence Directory. 357 
 
 Ponghkeepsie Richard C.Van Wyck. .32 Washington street. 
 
 Rochester David Little 162 Plymouth Avenue. 
 
 Arthur E. Nichols .... Electrical business. 
 
 Roxbury Silas S. Cartwright. . . 
 
 Rye David M. Cory 
 
 Saratoga Springs . .Robert C. McEwen . . . . i Franklin Square. 
 
 Upper Red Hook . . .Edwin K. Losee 
 
 l/tzca William M. James 166 Genesee street. 
 
 Wappinger' s Falls . .Thomas K. Cruse 
 
 Willard Charles W. Pilgrim. . .Supt., Willard State Hos- 
 pital. 
 Whitestone Charles J. Walton 
 
 NORTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Blowing Rock \ Charles Carter 
 
 Goldsborojcgh William J. Jones 
 
 Raleigh AUGUSTUS W. Knox .... 
 
 Statesville James F. Carlton, Ex. . 
 
 OHIO. 
 
 Cleveland Isaac N. Himes 603 Prospect street. 
 
 Reuben A. Vance 298 Prospect street. 
 
 Columbus Starling Loving 229 East State street. 
 
 OREGON. 
 
 Coniallis Robert J. Wilson 
 
 Portland John M. Brooke 
 
 Clarence Glisan 
 
 George F. Wilson 
 
 PENNSYLVANIA. 
 
 Erie William K. Cleveland. 
 
 Philadelphia Molton H. Forrest (Retired), 4029 Walnut st. 
 
 t William W. Gray .... 
 
 t Benjamin Lee 1532 Pine street. 
 
 Howard A. Pardee . . . .3410 Baring street. 
 Pittsburg Lawrence Litchfield. .Neville street. 
 
 Thomas McCann .928 Penn Avenue. 
 
 t David M. McMASTERS.Cor. Linden & Penn Aves. 
 
 James B. Murdoch 4232 Fifth Avenue. 
 
 William C. Shaw 135 Wylie Avenue. 
 
 Waterford f William H. West —
 
 35S An AccoiDit of Bcllcznic Hospital. 
 
 RHODE ISLAND. 
 
 Bristol Herman Canfield .... Hopeworth. 
 
 Henry S. Swan 
 
 Newport William H. Birckhead. 
 
 Pawtucket James H. Kingman 72 Broadway. 
 
 Providence Charles V. Chapin . . .City Hall. 
 
 Clarence H. Gardner. 154 North Main street. 
 
 William A. Gorton. . . .Butler Hospital for Insane. 
 
 John W. Keefe 440 Broad street. 
 
 John W. Mitchell 227 Benefit street. 
 
 Horace N. Williams. . . 106 Broadway. 
 
 SOUTH CAROLINA. 
 
 Charleston Robert L. Brodie 29 Coming street. 
 
 Thomas S. Grimke 68 Columbus street. 
 
 Newberry James H. McIntosh .... 
 
 TENNESSEE. 
 
 Franklin \ Watson M. Gentry . . . 
 
 Knoxville David H. Williams, Jr. 
 
 Memphis RICHARD B. Maury in Court street. 
 
 Dudley D. Saunders . .480 Shelby street. 
 Nashville JOHN R. BuiST 151 North Spruce street. 
 
 TEXAS. 
 
 Dallas Alexander C. Graham. 
 
 BOLLING A. Pope 609 Main street. 
 
 UTAH TERRITORY. 
 Salt Lake City SAMUEL H. PiNKERTON .236 Main street. 
 
 VERMONT. 
 
 Burlington JULIUS H. WOODWARD . .94 Church street. 
 
 Springfield f William F. Hazelton. 
 
 Waterbury Henry J anes 
 
 VIRGINIA. 
 
 Hicksford GEORGE C. Starke (Merchant). 
 
 Lexington John A. G RAH AM 
 
 Norfolk LOMAX GwATHMEY 26 Bute street. 
 
 Alexander Tunstall. . 170 Freemason street.
 
 Residefice Directory. 359 
 
 Portsmouth James E, Parrish 408 Middle street. 
 
 Richmond Thomas J. Moore 400 East Franklin street. 
 
 Wm. T. Oppenhimer. . . . 106 North 9th street. 
 Staunton H ALLER H. Henkel .... 
 
 WASHINGTON. 
 Seattle CLARENCE A. Smith .... 
 
 WEST VIRGINIA. 
 
 Hinton Oswald O. Cooper 
 
 Wheeling ... George B. Gushing .... 
 
 WISCONSIN. 
 
 Milwaukee Frank H. Munkwitz. . .469 Juneau Place. 
 
 Sheboygan Otto J. Gutsch 
 
 FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 
 
 CANADA. 
 Ontario, Hamiltofi .Samuel Cummings 256 East Main street. 
 
 CENTRAL AMERICA. 
 
 Costa Rica, Heredia, Manuel J. Flores 1 . . . . 
 
 M. M. Rodriguez 
 
 Nicaragua, 
 
 Granada Juan J. Martinez 
 
 FRANCE. 
 Paris Ami J. M agnin 47 Rue Cambon. 
 
 NOVA SCOTIA. 
 Halifax Edward Farrell 48 Morris street. 
 
 1 See List of Internes 1850-94.
 
 360 An Accojint of Bcllcviic Hospital. 
 
 WEST INDIES. 
 Colony of Holland, 
 
 Curafoa ISAAC J. SENIOR 
 
 Cuba, Mariana Daniel M. Burgess Sanitary Inspector, U. S. 
 
 M. H. S. 
 Jamaica, 
 
 Mandeville Edward V. Halliday, Ex. 
 
 Montego Bay .... GEORGE W. THOMSON . 
 
 UNITED STATES ARMY. 
 
 Brigadier-General, JOHN MoORE (retired), 903 Sixteenth street, Wash- 
 ington, D. C. 
 
 Colonel and Assistant Surgeon-General, Charles Page, Governor's 
 Island, New-York Harbor. 
 
 Colonel and Surgeon, fFRED C. AiNSVVORTH, Office of Secretary of War. 
 
 Major and Surgeon, John V. Lauderdale. 
 
 Captain and Assistant Surgeon, William C. Gorgas, ^George Mc- 
 Creery, tBLAiR D. Taylor, {Henry I. Raymond, Nathan S. 
 Jarvis. 
 
 First Lieutenant and Assistant Surgeon, Benjamin L. Ten Eyck. 
 
 UNITED STATES NAVY. 
 
 Captain and Medical Director, Edward S. Bogert, U. S. Naval Hos- 
 pital, Brooklyn, N. Y. 
 Junior Lieutenant and Passed Assistant Surgeon, Charles F. Stokes. 
 Ensign and Assistant Surgeon, William C. Braisted. 
 
 UNITED STATES MARINE HOSPITAL SERVICE. 
 Sanitary Inspector, Daniel M. Burgess, Havana, Cuba.
 
 THE BELLEVUE STAFF. 
 
 April I, 1893. 
 
 Commissioners of Public Charities and Correction. 
 
 H. H. Porter, President. 
 * Charles E. Simmons, M. D., Edward C. Sheehy. 
 
 MEDICAL BOARD. 
 
 Consulting Physicians. 
 John T. Metcalfe. 
 Francis Delafield. 
 Edward G. Janeway. 
 Walter R. Gillette. 
 
 Visiting Physicians. 
 \st Medical Division. 
 
 Abraham Jacobi. 
 J. West Roosevelt. 
 Walter B. James. 
 
 id Medical Division. 
 
 Alfred L. Loomis. 
 .William M. Polk. 
 William H. Thomson. 
 Henry P. Loomis. 
 
 Consulting Surgeons. 
 Lewis A. Sayre. 
 Edward L. Keyes. 
 Stephen Smith. 
 
 Visiting Surgeons. 
 \st Surgical Division. 
 
 Lewis A. Stimson. 
 George Woolsey. 
 Fred W. Gwyer. 
 
 7.d Surgical Divisiojt. 
 
 Frank H. Markoe. 
 Bern B. Gallaudet. 
 Robert W. Taylor. 
 
 361
 
 362 
 
 All Acco2int of Dclleviie Hospital. 
 
 Visiting Physicians. 
 "^d Medical Division. 
 
 William T. Lusk. 
 A. Alexander Smith. 
 Austin Flint. 
 Hermann M. Biggs. 
 
 \th Medical Division. 
 
 W. Gill VVylie. 
 Charles L. Dana. 
 George B. Fowler. 
 J. W. Brannan.' 
 
 Assistant 
 Visiting Physicians. 
 
 \st Medical Division. 
 
 F. W. Jackson. 
 
 zd Medical Division. 
 
 C. L. Quimby. 
 
 \th Medical Division. 
 
 R. W. Wilcox. 
 
 Visiting Surgeons. 
 2fd Surgical Division. 
 
 Joseph D. Bryant. 
 Frederic S. Dennis. 
 Samuel Alexander. 
 
 4M Surgical Division. 
 
 John W. S. Gouley. 
 Charles Phelps. 
 William F. Fluhrer. 
 
 Assistant 
 Visiting Surgeons. 
 
 \st Surgical Division. 
 
 H. S. Stearns. 
 
 2d Surgical Division. 
 
 L. W. HOTCHKISS. 
 
 \th Surgical Division. 
 
 J. R. Conway. 
 
 Assistant Visiting Gynecologists. 
 2d Medical Division. 
 
 C. C. Barrows. 
 
 3^/ Medical Division. 
 
 A. Flint, Jr., 
 
 4//i Medical Division. 
 
 R. H. Wylie. 
 
 HOUSE STAFF. 
 
 \st Medical Division. 
 
 Charles W. Stewart 
 Jesse W. Lazear. 
 T. Pinckney Waring. 
 
 \st Surgical Division. 
 
 Solomon C. Minor. 
 John F. Hagerty. 
 Samuel E. Getty. 
 Rollin a. Curtiss. 
 
 1 Vice Walter R. Gillette, resigned, 1893.
 
 The Belhvue Staff. 363 
 
 zd Medical Division. 2d Surgical Division. 
 
 Walter C. Gibson. Charles H. DeLancy. 
 
 Russell Bellamy. Edw'd L. Williamson. 
 
 John H. Rose. William G. Lyle. 
 Charles G. Sproull. 
 
 2,d Medical Division. 3^ Surgical Division. 
 
 William G. Thomson. Julius R. Fabricius. 
 
 John N. Teeter. Frank J. Connelly. 
 
 John P. Conroy. Winfield Ayres. 
 
 Edward V. Halliday, Ex. Charles E. Teeter, Ex. 
 
 ^th Medical Division. \th Surgical Division. 
 
 Cyrus J. Strong. Charles E. Townsend. 
 Edward S. Farrington. Almon H. Cooke. 
 
 Royal P. Watkins. R. Goldthwaite, Jr. 
 
 Frederick F. Russell. Joseph R. Parker, Ex. 
 
 Ambulance Surgeons. 
 
 F. A. Wild. R. A. Curtiss. 
 
 Max Dantes. C. F. Sanborn. 
 
 Charles Rice, Ph. D., CJiief of General Drug Department. 
 Warden. Assistant Warden. 
 
 William B. O'Rourke. M. G. Rickard. 
 
 Matron. Chaplain. 
 
 Agnes S. Brennan. Rev. H. St. Geo. Young. 
 
 Register. 
 
 James Gleason. 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF MENTAL DISEASES. 
 
 A. E. Macdonald, General Siiperintetident. 
 Examiners in Lutiacy. 
 
 Matthew D. Field. Allen Fitch. 
 
 Resident Physician. 
 
 Stuart Douglas.
 
 THE SOCIETY OF THE ALUMNI OF 
 BELLEVUE HOSPITAL. 
 
 This society had its origin at a meeting called for the pur- 
 pose, at the residence of Dr. F. W. Gwyer, 32 Second street, 
 in this city, on Monday, June 28, 1886. Previously to this 
 there had been two societies of a somewhat similar nature, 
 one about 1855, and another in 1864. The society of 1855 
 lasted through several years, and when finally disorganized, 
 the records, papers, etc., remained in the possession of the 
 late Dr. Henry B. Sands, up to the time of his death, but 
 have since been lost. On February 10, 1864, the Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical Union was formed. It was composed of the 
 resident staffs of Bellevue and the Island hospitals. The meet- 
 ings were held every Thursday in the doctors' rooms in 
 Bellevue Hospital, for the discussion of interesting cases oc- 
 curring in the wards of the two hospitals, and the demon- 
 stration of pathological specimens. The officers were elected 
 twice a year ; none but house physicians or house surgeons 
 were eligible to the office of president. The society elected 
 delegates to the American Medical Association once at least, 
 but it is not known if they qualified. This society was in ex- 
 istence until 1869. The officers, as far as known, were the 
 
 following : 
 
 1865 1867 1868 
 
 President J. W. SouTHACK. H. F. Walker. J. J. Flores. 
 
 Vice-president A. LuACES. W. H. Johnston. T. M. B. Cross. 
 
 Recording Secretary E. H. SMITH. H. B. STODDARD. R. C. VAN Wyck. 
 
 Corresponding Secretary . Y.. Farrell. P. R. Cortelyou. W. H. B. Pratt. 
 
 Treasurer D. M. L. FoRMAN. 
 
 In response to the invitation issued by Dr. Gwyer, sixteen 
 ex-members of the staff met at his house and took prelimi- 
 
 364
 
 The Ahiinni of Belleviie Hospital. 365 
 
 nary steps toward the establishment of the present society. 
 The first regular meeting was held at the Carnegie Laboratory 
 on October 5, 1886. The membership was limited at first to 
 those who had left the hospital subsequently to 1880. This 
 was thought best, because in view of the several failures at es- 
 tablishing a permanent organization, this attempt was but a 
 tentative one. But this was soon recognized as an unwise re- 
 striction, and in the following February all ex-members of the 
 house staff were made eligible. The society flourished from 
 the first. From a membership of nineteen, the number had 
 increased at the end of a year to forty-one. Since then it has 
 steadily grown. Its objects, as stated in its constitution, are 
 the " advancement of medicine and surgery, and the promo- 
 tion of social intercourse among its members." The meetings 
 have been held in the parlors of the Hotel Brunswick, since 
 April, 1890, on the first Wednesday of each month at 8:30 
 P. M., excepting the months of July, August, and September. 
 As a general rule they are largely attended. The first part of 
 the evening is devoted to the presentation of cases and papers^ 
 and, after a short time devoted to executive business, a colla- 
 tion is served. 
 
 The society early inaugurated a series of annual meetings. 
 The first of these was held at the Academy of Medicine, in 
 April, 1888, when an address was given on "Predisposition in 
 Tuberculosis," by Dr. William T. Councilman, of Baltimore. 
 The second address, in April, 1889, was delivered by Prof. 
 Osier, then of Philadelphia, on " Phagocytes," after which a 
 reception was given to Dr. Osier, at the " Cambridge." In 
 April, 1890, an invitation was extended to all alumni of Belle- 
 vue Hospital, to attend the first reunion and banquet of Belle- 
 vue men. The exercises continued for three days, and the 
 reunion was a most successful one. On the first day, April 8, 
 at the Mott Memorial Hall, a paper was read by Dr. Charles 
 Phelps, on " The Treatment of Simple Fracture of the Patella 
 by Wiring," which was discussed by Drs. Abbe, Dennis, L. A. 
 Stimson, Leale, Bryant, and Stephen Smith. On April 9, Dr. 
 Lewis A. Sayre gave a clinic in the amphitheater of the hospi-
 
 366 Aji Accojint of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 tal in the morning, and in the afternoon, at the Mott Memorial 
 Hall, papers were read on the " Ultimate Results of Injuries 
 to the Hip," by Dr. R. A. Vance, of Cleveland, Ohio ; on 
 " Transient Glycosuria," by Dr. John Warren ; and on " Deli- 
 cate Tests for Sugar in the Urine," by Dr. Brandreth Symonds. 
 The banquet was given at the Brunswick in the evening of 
 that day, which was attended by one hundred and sixty. On 
 April 10, Dr. William T. Lusk gave a clinic at the hospital. 
 Since then the " Bellevue Dinner" has become one of the 
 most popular of the many medical dinners given each year 
 in New-York. The character of the work done may be shown 
 by the subjoined list of papers, etc., presented at its meetings: 
 
 PAPERS READ BEFORE THE SOCIETY. 
 
 Bronchial Glands, Syphilitic Degeneration of, with 
 
 History of a Case E, Le Fevre. 
 
 Intermittent Fever in Infants and Children F. M. Crandall. 
 
 Traumatic Tetanus, with History of a successful Case . C. F. Stokes. 
 
 Bacteria Culture, methods of, and Demonstration of 
 Microscopical Specimens and Cultures of Patho- 
 genic Micro-organisms H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Measles, Complications and Sequelae of A. Brothers. 
 
 Eczema; Its Diagnosis and Treatment John Warren. 
 
 Acute Abscesses, the Treatment of, based on their 
 
 Pathology L. \V. HUBBARD. 
 
 Two Tape Worms R. T. MORklS. 
 
 Local Sweating and its Management C. W. Cutler. 
 
 Abscesses, Treatment of G. DE N. HoUGH. 
 
 Dislocations, Treatment of Old J. J. Garmanv. 
 
 External Urethrotomy, as a mode of Treatment for 
 
 Organic Urethral Stricture S. ALEXANDER. 
 
 Arthropathia Tabidorum, History of a case Parker Svms. 
 
 Pleurisy, Sub-acute, and its Management R. Milbank. 
 
 Pulmonary Tuberculosis ; What plan of treatment is 
 
 most in harmony with our present knowledge of?.R. J. Carlisle. 
 
 Yellow Fever and the Jacksonville Epidemic SollaCE MITCHELL. 
 
 Cystitis, Treatment of Acute S. Alexander. 
 
 Hernia, The Radical Cure of Parker SymS. 
 
 Bronchial Glands, Disease of the A. B. POPE. 
 
 Phagocytes Wm. Osler.
 
 The Alumni of Bellevite Hospital. 367 
 
 Drainage of the Peritoneum in Acute and Subacute 
 
 Peritonitis J. M. Byron, 
 
 Joint Diseases, Some practical points in the early 
 
 diagnosis of Chronic L. W. Hubbard. 
 
 Varicose Veins, Radical cure of, by multiple ligature . . Charles Phelps. 
 
 Croup, The treatment of A. Brothers. 
 
 Abscess of the Brain in its relation to Contusion. . . .Charles Phelps. 
 
 Tracheal Ozasna G. B. Hope. 
 
 Alcoholism in the Bellevue Cells, A study of C. L. Dana. 
 
 Inebriety, Some points to be observed in the study of. . M. D. Field. 
 
 Fractures of the Patella, The treatment of simple, by 
 
 wiring CHARLES PHELPS. 
 
 Injuries to the Hip, the ultimate results of R. A. Vance. 
 
 Glycosuria, Transient B. Symonds. 
 
 Sugar in the Urine, Delicate tests for John Warren. 
 
 Digitalis, What is accomplished by its use in Cardiac 
 
 Disease E. Le Fevre. 
 
 Tuberculosis, Some facts in the Etiology of H. P. Loom is. 
 
 Neurasthenia, Some illustrative cases of, and a study 
 of that condition with special reference to its caus- 
 ation and prevention C. E. LOCKWOOD. 
 
 Koch's Method, Remarks on H. P. LoOMis. 
 
 Laryngeal Papillomata, Treatment of, by the appli- 
 cation of Tinct. Thuja G. B. Hope. 
 
 Cancer of the Rectum, Operative treatment of Parker Syms. 
 
 Poisoning, Report of a peculiar case of F. H. WiGGlN. 
 
 Cervix Uteri, the Immediate Repair of Lacerations 
 
 of, with report of six cases C. C. Barrows. 
 
 Vicious Union following Pott's Fracture, the Oper- 
 ative Treatment for, with Exhibition of a Case . . .1. S. Haynes. 
 
 Parasitic Skin Diseases J. M. Byron. 
 
 Uterus, Operative treatment of Malignant Diseases of, W. E. Porter. 
 
 Azores as a Health Resort H. Canfield. 
 
 Surgical Operations during the Summer Months. . . C. C. Barrows. 
 
 Milk; Its Adulteration and How to Detect it J. E. Allen. 
 
 New-born Infant, Management of F. M. Crandall. 
 
 Cylindrical Vaginal Tampon Pessary versus other 
 pessaries James Stafford. 
 
 Ulceration of the Rectum due to Varicose Veins ... .J. B. GiBBS. 
 
 Male Bladder, the role of Micro-organisms in inflam- 
 mations of S. Alexander. 
 
 Cervix Uteri, Dilation of James Stafford. 
 
 Cholera in New-York Harbor J. M. Byron. 
 
 Hypnotism H. Canfield.
 
 368 A 71 Accoinit of Bcllcinic Hospital. 
 
 CASES REPORTED TO THE SOCIETY. 
 
 Post-partum Hemorrhage H. Herman. 
 
 Tubal Extra-uterine Pregnancy, and treatment by 
 
 Faradization A. Brothers. 
 
 Empyjema, Treated by valvular drainage R. T. MORRIS. 
 
 Traumatic Empya;ma N. S. Jarvis. 
 
 Patella, Compound Fracture of J. J. Garmany. 
 
 Asiatic Cholera Cases at Quarantine R. J. CARLISLE. 
 
 Double Hip-Joint Disease R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Asiatic Cholera Cases at Quarantine, with cultures 
 
 of the Bacillus H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Tumors of the Back W. W. FRENCH. 
 
 Bright's Disease following Ether R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Feigned Insanity M. D. Field. 
 
 Stab Wound of Abdomen with Laparotomy G. W. Crary. 
 
 Vermiform Appendix, Perforation, Laparotomy, 
 
 Death, and Autopsy T. W. Cleaveland. 
 
 Delusional Insanity (Paranoia) M. D. FlELD. 
 
 Insanity, Four cases of Classified M. D. Field. 
 
 Actinomycosis of Pleura J. M. Byron. 
 
 Cerebro-spinal Meningitis J- F. Erdmann. 
 
 Pyonephrosis, With specimen Parker Sy.ms. 
 
 Fracture of Skull, Compound, with extensive lacer- 
 ation of the soft parts C. E. LOCKWOOD. 
 
 Hemorrhoids, Treated by Clamp and Cautery .... J. B. GiBBS. 
 
 Ankylosis of Jaw W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Epilepsy, Reflex J. M. Byron. 
 
 Perityphlitis R. J. Carlisle. 
 
 Ankylosis of Jaw S. D. Po\vell. 
 
 Antipyrine Poisoning H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Peculiar Poisoning H. H. Seabrook. 
 
 Cyanosis W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Bladder Surgery, Some unique cases of, occurring in 
 
 general surgical practice F. S. Dennis. 
 
 Tuberculosis of Bladder Stewart Paton. 
 
 Laparotomy, Two Cases F. H. WiGGlN. 
 
 Haemophilia in Adult A. Brothers. 
 
 CASES EXHIBITED TO THE SOCIETY. 
 
 Cardiac Disease B. Symonds. 
 
 Glands, Syphilitic enlargement of S. Alexander.
 
 The Aliunni of Bellevite Hospital. 369 
 
 Pneumo-thorax, Following puncture of emphysem- 
 atous vesicle by hypodermic needle H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Cardiac Disease, with presystolic murmur T. W. Cleaveland. 
 
 Infantile Spastic Paralysis R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Fracture of Skull, Compound, Comminuted, De- 
 pressed J. J. Garmany. 
 
 Concussion of Spine, with possible fracture R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Lateral Spinal Curvature, with demonstration of 
 
 treatment R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Abdominal Tumor in a Male R. J. CARLISLE. 
 
 Heart displaced by Fibroid Phthisis E. Le Fevre. 
 
 Trephining, with replacement of button of bone W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Suprapubic Cystotomy L. M. Silver. 
 
 Bronchial Glands Enlarged A. B. Pope. 
 
 Fibroid induration of Penis, following Gonorrhoea. .R. T. Morris. 
 
 Ex-section of Ribs for Empysema J. M. Byron. 
 
 Tubercular Dactylitis R. J. Carlisle. 
 
 Congenital Deformities of the Hands and Feet . J. McG. Woodbury. 
 
 Tubercular Ulcers in a Child F. Hartley. 
 
 Ankylosis of Jaw L. W. Hubbard. 
 
 Facial Paralysis E. Le Fevre. 
 
 Mastoid Disease G. Bacon. 
 
 Hysterical Breathing E. Le Fevre, 
 
 Exophthalmic Goitre A. B. Pope. 
 
 Ankylosis of Jaw R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Sarcomatous Growth of Finger W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Congenital Stricture of (Esophagus G. W. Crary. 
 
 Compound Fracture of Leg W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Thoracic Aneurism G. B. Hope. 
 
 Lateral Curvature of Spine. Several cases showing 
 
 results of treatment R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Necrosis of Frontal Bone W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Congenital Lateral Curvature R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Neurotic Cough W.N. Hubbard. 
 
 Iodoform Poisoning W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Purpura Hemorrhagica I. S. H aynes. 
 
 Infantile Spastic Paralysis R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Malformation of Bladder, with spontaneous disloca- 
 tion of hip R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Dupuytren's Contraction, after operation W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Haemoptysis A. Brothers. 
 
 Carcinoma of Liver or Stomach A. Brothers. 
 
 Abscess of Liver, after operation W. E. Porter. 
 
 Scirrhus of Breast, after operation W. E. Porter. 
 
 24
 
 ^jo An Accoioit of Bcllcvue Hospital. 
 
 Locomotor Ataxia, with "Charcot's" Joint W. R. TowNSEND. 
 
 Popliteal Aneurism W. R. Townsend. 
 
 Hydatids of Kidney, after operation C. C. Barrows. 
 
 Epithelioma of Lower Lip W. E. Porter. 
 
 Spastic Paraplegia, improved by tenotomies and 
 
 myotomies R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Ex-section of Knee for Ankylosis R. H. Savre. 
 
 Vicarious Menstruation W. E. Porter. 
 
 PATHOLOGICAL SPECIMENS, ETC., EXHIBITED TO THE 
 
 SOCIETY. 
 
 Syphilitic Bronchial Glands H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Internal Strangulation of Intestine R. J. Carlisle. 
 
 Aneurism of Arch of Aorta. Two Cases W. T. JENKINS. 
 
 Hip-Joint Disease R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Cyst of Testicle Parker Syms. 
 
 Plasmodium Malariae ; Microscopical specimens of Walter James. 
 
 Tumors R. T. Morris. 
 
 Congenital Cystic Degeneration of Kidney J. C. Edgar. 
 
 Collection of Calculi J. G. Clark. 
 
 Abscess of Brain H. M. Biggs. 
 
 Weigert's Method of Staining Fibrin, with demon- 
 stration L. S. Rau. 
 
 Carcinoma Telangictodes H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Stenosis of Left Bronchus produced by enlarged 
 
 syphilitic Bronchial Glands E. Le Fevre. 
 
 Enlargement of middle lobe Prostate S. Alex.wder. 
 
 Cystic Kidneys S. Alexander. 
 
 Tubercular Testicle S. Alexander. 
 
 Rupture of Aortic Valve H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Duodenal Ulcers H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Thrombosis of Aorta H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Pachymeningitis Hemorrhagica H. M. BiGGS. 
 
 Urethral Calculus L. M. Silver. 
 
 Fracture of Skull T. Dunham. 
 
 Fracture of Skull, with abscess produced by contre 
 coup R. J. Carlisle. 
 
 Fatty Heart R. Milbank. 
 
 Sarcoma of Finger W. R. Ballou. 
 
 Brain from case of head injury Charles Phelps. 
 
 Cortical Hemorrhage H. M. BiGGS.
 
 The Alumni of Belleinie Hospital. 371 
 
 Ribs from case of Empycema, showing exostosis and 
 
 absorption from drainage tube A. Brothers. 
 
 Tubal Pregnancy W. T. Jenkins. 
 
 Tuberculosis of Head of Femur L. W. Hotchkiss. 
 
 Amputated Breast F. H. WiGGlN. 
 
 Hermaphrodism, Model of a unique case of R. H. Sayre. 
 
 Traumatic Aneurism of the Palmar Arch L. W. HOTCHKISS. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Presidents. 
 
 Henry Herman, 1 886-1 8S7 
 
 Hermann M. Biggs, 1 887-1 889 
 
 Richard Kalish, ' . 1 889-1 890 
 
 Charles Phelps, 1 890-1 891 
 
 Egbert Le Fevre, 1891-1892 
 
 Wisner R. Townsend, 1 892-1 893 
 
 Frederick H. Wiggin, i'^93-- 
 
 Vice-presidents. 
 
 Alexander B. Pope, 1886-1887 
 
 Le Roy W. Hubbard, 1 887-1 889 
 
 Parker Syms, 1889-1890 
 
 Fred W. Gwyer, 1890-1891 
 
 Wisner R. Townsend, 1891-1892 
 
 Frederick H. Wiggin, 1 892-1 893 
 
 Charles C. Barrows, 1893-. 
 
 Secretaries. 
 
 Fred W, Gwyer, 1 886-1 
 
 William N. Hubbard, 1888-. 
 
 Treasurer. 
 Robert J. Carlisle, 1886-.
 
 0/ 
 
 An Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 HONORARY MEMBERS. 
 
 William T. Councilman, M. 1). William Osler,M. D., F. R. 
 John M. Byron, M. D. 
 
 C. P. 
 
 MEMBERS. 
 
 Alexander, Samuel, 
 Allen, John E., 
 Anderton, William B., 
 Arnold, Glover C, 
 Arnold, William B. 
 
 Bacon, Gorham, 
 Baldwin, Henry R., 
 Ballou, William R.,* 
 Bangs, L. Bolton, 
 Barro\vs, Charles C, 
 Barker, Phanett C, 
 Berle, Adolph W., 
 Biggs, Chauncey P., 
 Biggs, George P., 
 Biggs, Hermann M., 
 Bogert, Edward S., 
 Brodie, Robert L., 
 Bronson, Edward B., 
 Brooks, Leroy J., 
 Brothers, Abram, 
 Bryant, Joseph D., 
 Buist, James R., 
 Bull, William T., 
 Burchard, T. Herring, 
 Burke, Martin, 
 Burnet, James B. 
 
 Canfield, Herman, 
 Carlisle, Robert J., 
 Charlton, Thomas J., 
 Chetwood, Charles H., 
 Cleaveland, Trumbull W., 
 CONANT, George S., 
 Condict, Isaiah W., 
 Conway, John R., 
 Cory, David M., 
 
 Crandall, Floyd M., 
 Crary, George W., 
 Cutler, Condict W. 
 
 Dennis, Frederic S., 
 Dixon, George A., 
 Douglas, Stuart, 
 Draper, William H., 
 Dunham, Theodore. 
 
 Edgar, J. Clifton, 
 Edgerton, Francis D., 
 Erdmann, John F. 
 
 Farrell, Edward, 
 Ferguson, James F., 
 Field, Matthew D., 
 Flint, Austin, Jr., 
 French, John H., 
 French, Willis W.* 
 
 Galt, James D.,* 
 Gardner, Clarence H., 
 GiBBS, John B., 
 Gillette, Walter R., 
 Glisan, Clarence, 
 Goldthwaite, Henry, 
 GouLEY, John W. S., 
 Greene, Robert W.,* 
 Griffith, Jefferson D., 
 gwathmey, lomax, 
 Gwyer, Fred W. 
 
 Hamlen, George D., 
 Harlan, Benjamin J.,* 
 Hartley, Frank, 
 Havnes, Irving H.,
 
 The Alwniii of Belleviic Hospital. i']t^ 
 
 Herman, Henry, 
 HoLLisTER, Frank C, 
 Hope, George B., 
 HoTCHKiss, Lucius W., 
 Hough, Garry de N., 
 Houghton, H. Seymour, 
 Howe, Joseph W.,* 
 Hubbard, LeRoy W., 
 Hubbard, William N., 
 Hunt, James H.* 
 
 Jackson, Charles W., 
 James, William M., 
 Jarvis, Nathan S., 
 Jennings, David D., 
 Johnston, William W. 
 
 Kalish, Richard, 
 Katzenbach, William H. 
 Keefe, John W., 
 Kinnaird, Thomas H., 
 Kinney, Elijah C.,* 
 Knox, Augustus W., 
 KoPLiK, Henry. 
 
 Morris, Robert T., 
 Murray, Robert A. 
 
 NoRRis, Henry S. 
 
 Owen, Henry E. 
 
 Page, Charles, 
 Page, R. Channing M., 
 Paton, Stewart, 
 Peck, Morton R., 
 Peck, Washington F.,* 
 Phelps, Charles, 
 PiERsoN, Stephen, 
 Polk, William M., 
 Pope, Alexander B., 
 Porter, W. Evelyn, 
 Powell, Seneca D., 
 Pryor, William R., 
 Pulley, William J. 
 
 Ranney, Walter L.,* 
 Roth, Julius A. 
 
 Lambert, Alexander, 
 Lambert, Samuel W., 
 Lee, William,* 
 Le Fevre, Egbert, 
 Lewengood, Jacob, 
 Leyton, Albert H., 
 LooMis, Henry P., 
 Lorenze, Edward J. 
 
 Maury, Rutson,* 
 McAlpin, David H., Jr., 
 McBurney, Charles, 
 McCreery, John A., 
 McIntosh, James H., 
 McMaster, Nathaniel G., 
 Milbank, Robert, 
 Mitchell, John W., 
 Mitchell, Sollace, 
 
 Sayre, Reginald H., 
 Seabrook, Harry H., 
 Senior, Isaac J., 
 Shaw, William C, 
 Sherman, Harry M., 
 Silver, Henry M., 
 Silver, Lewis M., 
 Smith, A. Alexander, 
 Smith, H. Lyle, 
 Spencer, John C, 
 Stafford, James, 
 Stearns, Henry S., 
 Steurer, John A., 
 Stewart, George D., 
 Stone, William C.,* 
 Studdiford, William E., 
 Syms, Parker, 
 Symonds, Brandreth.
 
 374 
 
 A 71 Account of Bellcvuc Hospital. 
 
 TEKRinKRRY, CaLVIN, 
 
 Thacher, John S., 
 Thomson, Mason, 
 TiNGLEY, Witter K., 
 
 TOWNSEND, WlSNER R. 
 
 Vance, Reuben A., 
 Van der Poel, S. O., 
 Van Loan, J. P. C, 
 Van Wyck, Richard C, 
 Vedder, Maus R. 
 
 Walker, Edmund R.,* 
 Walker, Henry F., 
 
 Wallace, David L., 
 Warren, John, 
 Waterman, James S., 
 Welch, William H., 
 WiGGIN, Frf.derick H,, 
 WiLDMAN, H. Valentine, 
 Williams, Horace N., 
 Wilson, Robert J., 
 Wood, Walter C, 
 Wright, Clark, 
 Wylie, Robert H., 
 Wylie, W. Gill.
 
 AUTHORITIES. 
 
 Minutes of the Common Council of the City of New-York, Mns. , 1685- 
 1828. 
 
 Manual of the Corporation, 1840-1870. D. T. Valentine. 
 
 Records of Conveyances. Office of Comptroller, Mns., Lib. 92,106, and 452. 
 
 Reports of the Governors of the Almshouse, 1849-1860. 
 
 Reports of Almshouse Commissioner, 1846-1848. 
 
 The History of Municipal Ownership of Lands on Manhattan Island. G. A. 
 Black, Ph. D., 1891. 
 
 The Original Deeds of Kip's Bay Farm, Belle View Farm, and Rose Hill 
 Farm purchases. Comptroller's office. 
 
 The Picture of New-York, or the Traveler's Guide through the Commer- 
 cial Metropolis of the United States. By a gentleman residing in this 
 city. N. Y., 1807. 
 
 Picture of New-York and Stranger's Guide, etc., N. Y. , 1828. 
 
 Historic Tales of Olden Times : Concerning the Early Settlement and Ad- 
 vancement of New-York City and State. J. F. Watson, N. Y., 1832. 
 
 A Two Years' Journal in N. Y. C. W. Denton. 
 
 New-York, Past, Present, and Future. E. P. Belden, N. Y., 185 1. 
 
 Metropolitan City of America, 1853. 
 
 Annals and Occurrences in New-York City and State. J. F. Watson, N. Y., 
 1846. 
 
 History of the City of New-York. D. T. Valentine, N. Y., 1853. 
 
 The Memorial History of the City of New-York. James Grant Wilson, 
 1892. 
 
 A Tour Around New-York. Felix Oldboy, N. Y., 1893. 
 
 Medical Men of the Revolution, J. M. Toner, M. D., Phila., 1876. 
 
 Diary and Letters of Gouverneur Morris, N. Y., 1888. 
 
 New-York City during the last Half-century. J. W. Francis, N. Y., 1857, 
 
 Bancroft's History of the United States. 
 
 The American Revolution. John Fiske, Bost., 1891. 
 
 A Short History of the English Colonies in America. Henry Cabot Lodge, 
 N. Y., 1881. 
 
 Macaulay's History of England. 
 
 Historical Notes of the Family of Kip of Kipsburg and Kip's Bay. N. Y., 
 1871. 
 
 Documents Nos. 32 (1837), 119 (1843), 30 (1846), 6 (1847), N. Y. Board 
 of Aldermen. 
 
 Reports of Commissioners of Public Charities and Correction, N. Y., 1870- 
 1886. 
 
 Minutes of do., i860 and 1861.
 
 376 A 71 Account of Bcllcvuc Hospital. 
 
 Bellevue and Charity Hospital Reports, Bell. Press, 1870. 
 Minutes of Medical Board, Bellevue Hospital, 1845-1893. 
 Medical Register of New-York, etc. W, T. White, Ed. 1862-93. 
 Encyclopaedia Britannica, arts, on Hospitals, London, New-York, and Poor- 
 laws. 
 Wood's Reference Hand-book of the Medical Sciences, arts, on Ambulances, 
 
 Epidemics, and Hospitals. 
 Biographical Sketches of living New-York Physicians. S. W. Francis, 
 
 N. Y., 1867. 
 Lives of Eminent American Physicians and Surgeons of the 19th Century. 
 
 S. D. Gross, Phila., 1861. 
 American Medical Biography, etc. J. Thacher, Bost., 1828. 
 The Physicians and Surgeons of the United States. W. B. Atkinson, Phila., 
 
 1878. 
 Letters from the Health Officer submitted to the Common Council of the 
 
 City of New-York. R. Bayley, N. Y., 1798. 
 The Medical Repository, N. Y., 1 803-1 821. 
 American Medical Recorder, N. Y., Vols. IV. (1821), XIV. (1828), and 
 
 XVI. (1829). 
 New-York Journal of Medicine, Vols. VI., IX., and X., 1856, 3 s. I. 
 New-York Medical and Physical Journal, Vols. II., V., VI., VII,, 1822-1830. 
 Questions of the Board of Health in relation to Malignant Cholera, with the 
 
 answer, etc., with a report upon the causes of the Cessation of Cholera 
 
 at Bellevue Hospital, N. Y., 1832. 
 American Journal Medical Sciences, Phila., 1850 (n. s. ),Vol. XIX. 
 American Medical Monthly, N. Y., 1857, Vol. VIII. 
 The Puerperal Diseases. Fordyce Barker, 8°, N. Y., 1874. 
 New-York Medical Record, Vols. VII. to IX. (i 872-1 874). 
 Report of Sub-Committee from a Committee to Examine into the relative 
 
 prevalence of Erysipelas, Pyaemia, etc., in Bellevue Hospital. Bellevue 
 
 Press, 1872, 8°. 
 Bulletin of the New-York Academy of Medicine, Vol. II., 1866. 
 American Medical Times, N. Y., Vol. VIII., 1864. 
 Introductory Discourse to the Several Courses of Clinical Instruction at 
 
 Bellevue Hospital. S. W. Francis, N. Y., 1858. 
 New-York Evening Post, 1845, October and November. 
 New-York Times (daily), 1857. 
 Reports of the Society of the New-York Training School for Nurses attached 
 
 to Bellevue Hospital, 1875-1893. 
 Report of the Mills Training School for Male Nurses, 1892. 
 The American Druggist, Vol. XXI., No. 4, 1892. 
 Also numerous college catalogues, necrological records, obituary notices, 
 
 etc., etc.
 
 INDEX.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Alcoholic patients, 94 ; pavilion, 94. 
 
 Almshouse, see Poorhouse ; census of, 9, 
 10, 26, 28, 34 ; commissioners of, 25, 42, 
 46 ; cost of, 26, 39 ; executive depart- 
 ment of, 6, 9, 25 ; first in New-York 
 city, 4 ; fourth in New-York city, 46 ; 
 governors of, 46, 57 ; hospital department 
 of, I, 22, 23, 27, 29, 33 ; investigation of, 
 9, 26, 32, 37, 45 ; removal of, 46 ; second in 
 New- York City, 9, 24; third, 11, 21, 22. 
 
 Ambulance Corps, 65, 69 ; rules govern- 
 ing, 69, 71. 
 
 Amphitheater, 40, 53, 56, 87. 
 
 Annex, the Dehon, 93. 
 
 Apothecary, resident, 27. 
 
 Architect of Bellevue Hospital, 20. 
 
 Asiatic cholera in Bellevue Hospital, 35, 
 36, 50, 54, 65. 
 
 Assistant Resident Physicians, 33, 37, 42, 
 13s • 
 
 Bailey, Dr. Joseph, 32. 
 
 Barker, Dr. Fordyce, 55, 107, 114. 
 
 Balden, Dr., 32, 132. 
 
 Belle Vue Farm, lease of, ir ; purchase of, 
 
 IS- 
 Belle Vue Hospital, 11 ; description of, 14; 
 
 census of, 14, 15 ; mortality in, 15. 
 Bellevue Hospital, additions to, 51, 56, 
 
 73, 87, 88; architect of, 20; census 
 
 of, 26, 28, 34, 38, 41, 42, 49, 55, 63, 
 
 loi ; chapel of, 21, 22, 87, 97 ; character 
 
 of cases in, 5. 28, 30, 41, 42, 46, 49, 55, 
 
 64, 94; condition of, 38, 55, 76; corner- 
 stone laid, 20; deaths among staff. 32, 
 
 44, 54, 63, 65 ; description of, 5, 22, 50, 
 
 84; executive, 6, 9, 25, 42; fire in, 84; 
 
 first occupied, 21 ; mismanagement of, 
 
 33, 36; mortality in, 15, 34, 36, 41, 50, 
 
 53, 76, loi ; nurses in, 26, 35, 39, 41, 75, 
 
 79, 100; oldest hospital in United States, 
 
 i; origin of, i, 5; origin of name of, 
 
 12; penitentiary, 23, 34, 40; proposed 
 
 removal of, 76; purchase of site of, 11, 
 
 16, 21,24, 29; saleof portion of grounds, 
 
 50 ; separation of from almshouse, 33, 
 
 46; site of, II, 16, 21, 50. 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, 59. 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical Union, 364. 
 Blackwell's Island, 34, 40. 
 Brown, Dr. Stephen, 29, 30, 114, 131. 
 British fleet in Kip's Bay, 18, 19. 
 
 Census of almshouse, 9, 10, 26, 28, 34. Eigenbrodt, Dr. David L., 36, 39, 139. 
 
 Censusof Bellevue Hospital, 26, 28, 34, 38, Emergency Hospital, see also Lying-in 
 41. 5O1 55. 63, loi. department, 77, 102. 
 
 Certificates of instruction, 57, 60. 
 Chapels of Bellevue Hospital, 21, 22, 87, 
 
 97* 98. 
 Chaplain of Bellevue Hospital, 21, 41, 97, 
 
 98. 
 Charity Hospital, 41, 59, 65. 
 Cholera, Asiatic, in Bellevue Hospital, 35, 
 
 36, 50, 54, 65. 
 Civil War, effect on staff of, 62. 
 Clinical lectures in Bellevue Hospital, 40, 
 
 51. 52, 53. 57. 58. 100. 
 Clinton, Hon. DeWitt, 11, 20. 
 Colleges, medical, in connection with 
 
 Bellevue Hospital, 50, 59, 100. 
 Commissioners of almshouse, 25, 42. 
 Commissioners of Public Charities and 
 
 Correction, 57. 
 Committee on erysipelas, etc., 73. 
 Committee on investigation of almshouse, 
 
 9, 26, 32, 37, 45. 
 Committee on Island service, 58. 
 Common Council, Committee on Belle- 
 vue, 20, 32, 37, 45 ; Common Council, 
 Committee on poorhouse, 3, 4. 
 Consulting Physicians, 107. 
 Consulting Surgeons, no. 
 Cookhouse, 51, 99. 
 Crane, Dr. John J., 88, 123. 
 Crane Room, 88. 
 
 Dalton, Dr. Edward B., 65, 183. 
 
 Deadhouse, 56, 99. 
 
 Death-rate in Bellevue Hospital, see Mor- 
 tality, IS, 34, 36, 41, 50, 53, 76, loi; 
 death-rate in surgical department, 72. 
 
 Deaths on staff, 32, 44, 54, 63, 65, 344. 
 
 Dehon pavilion, 93. 
 
 Department of Mental Diseases, 91, 345 ; 
 Department, General Drug, 96; De- 
 partment, Out-door, 64. 
 
 Departments, proposition to establish spe- 
 cial, 63. 
 
 Diploma, 60. 
 
 Directory, Residence, 347. 
 
 Dispensary, 64. 
 
 " Doctors' Hall," 87. 
 
 Douglass, Dr. Isaac S., 14. 
 
 Drake, Dr. Charles, 29, 30, 32, 115. 
 
 Drug Department, 96. 
 
 DuBois, Dr. Abram, 36, 39, 139.
 
 38o 
 
 hidex. 
 
 Epidemic, Asiatic cholera, see also puer- 
 peral fever, and report on erysipelas, 
 <^tc-. 35. 3'5. 50, 54. 65; of relapsing 
 fever, 83; of smallpox, 41; of typhus 
 fever, 30, 34, 39, 41, 42, 54, 63. 65, 83 ; of 
 yellow fever, 10, 12, 13, 15, 29, 30. 
 
 Erysipelas in Bellevue Hospital, 41, 55, 
 73; Erysipelas pavilion, 94. 
 
 Establishment, Bellevue, 19, 21, 24, 29; Es- 
 tablishment of first hospital in United 
 States, I. 
 
 Executive department of almshouse, 6, 9, 
 25, 42. 
 
 Externes, 341. 
 
 Fever hospital at Bellevue, 11, 29, 34 ; Fe- 
 ver hospital at Fort Stevens, 29. 
 " Five houses,'" The, 2. 
 Flint, Dr. Austin, 64, 84, 115. 
 Foster, Dr. Isaac, 15. 
 
 Governors of the Almshouse, 46, 57. 
 
 Hospital, Belle Vue, see Belle Vue Hos- 
 pital; Hospital, Bellevue, see Bellevue 
 Hospital ; Hospital department of the 
 almshouse, i, 22, 23, 27; Hospital, 
 Emergency, see also Lying-in depart- 
 ment, 77; first in the United States, i ; 
 military, assignment of houses at Kip's 
 Bay for, 17. 
 
 House staff, 27, 28, 33, 37, 42, 47, 48, 59, 
 65, 99, 321. 
 
 Howe, Sir William, at Kip's Bay, 18, 19. 
 
 Index of proceedings of The Society of the 
 Alumni, 366 et seq. 
 
 Insane patients in Bellevue Hospital, 34, 
 40, 90. 
 
 Instruction, clinical, 40, 51, 52, 53, 57, 58, 
 100. 
 
 Internes, List of, 131 ; subsequently visit- 
 ing, 130. 
 
 Investigation of almshouse, 9, 26, 32, 37, 
 
 45- 
 Island Hospital, 41, 59, 65 ; service, 59, 6^. 
 
 Keeper of almshouse, 6. 
 
 Kip House, The, 17, 19. 
 
 Kip, Jacob, 16. 
 
 Kip's Bay, British fleet in, 18; military 
 
 works at, 18 ; Washington at, 18, 19 ; 
 
 Farm, 11, 16, 19. 
 
 Lazarus Rooms, 93. 
 Leake's House, 17. 
 
 Lectures, clinical, 40, 51, 52, 53, 57, 58, 100. 
 Lodging-house, 88. 
 
 Lottery, public, to establish almshouse, 9. 
 Lying-in department, 23, 28, 45. 51.52. 55. 
 56, 75. 71' 102- 
 
 Marquand pavilion, 92. 
 
 Matron of Bellevue Hospital, 87, 363. 
 
 McFarlane, Dr. John, 13. 
 
 Medical Board, see also physicians, con- 
 sulting, etc., and surgeons, consulting, 
 etc., 44, 45, 47, 49, 57, 58, 61, 100, 361 ; 
 Medical Union, Bellevue Hospital, 364. 
 
 Mental Diseases, Department of, 92, 345. 
 
 Mills Training School, 82, 99. 
 
 Morgue, The, see Deadhouse, 99. 
 
 Mortality in Bellevue Hospital, 15, 34, 36, 
 41. 50, 53, 76, loi ; in London hospitals, 
 76 ; in Edinburgh hospitals, 76; rate in 
 London in 1803, 16; rate in New- York 
 city in 1803, 16. 
 
 Murray, Mrs. Robert, 18. 
 
 Museum, The Wood, 56, 99. 
 
 New- York city, first hospital in, i ; first 
 almshouse in, 4 ; physicians in 1745, ^ I 
 poor-rate in, 3, 9 ; population of, i, 3, 4, 
 6, 9, 10, 13, 16, 35 ; sanitary condition 
 of in 1794-1805, II. 
 
 New- York Institution, 24. 
 
 New-York Training School for Nurses, 
 
 79- 
 Nurses in Bellevue Hospital, 26, 35, 39, 79, 
 100. 
 
 Ogden, Dr. Benjamin, 36, 39, 40, 133. 
 Oldest hospital in the United States, i. 
 Origin of Bellevue Hospital, i. 
 Out-door department, 64. 
 Overseers of the poor, 2. 
 
 Pathological building, 56. 
 
 Pavilions, 102. 
 
 Penitentiary, Bellevue, 23, 34, 40. 
 
 Physicians, consulting, see also Medical 
 Board, 107; resident, 131, 133; visiting, 
 114, 361. 
 
 Poor fund, inadequate, 2, 3, 9 ; method of 
 raising, i, 2. 
 
 Poorhouse, first in New- York city, .r^^also 
 almshouse, i, 4; first proposition for 
 establishing, 3 ; transfer of inmates of to 
 Poughkeepsie, 8 ; return of inmates of 
 from Poughkeepsie, 25. 
 
 Poor, increase of, 3, 9, 10, 25; poor-law, 
 2; overseers of, 2; rate of London, 3; 
 rate of New- York city, 3, 9; ratio of, 2, 
 4, 9 ; support of, i, 2, 4, 9, 26. 
 
 Population of New- York city, i, 3, 4, 6, 9, 
 10, 13, 16, 35. 
 
 Prisoners, removal of, from Bellevue, 34, 
 40. 
 
 Public Workhouse and House of Cor- 
 rection, 4. 
 
 Puerperal fever in Bellevue Hospital, 41, 
 
 SI. 55. 75. 77- 
 Pyaemia in Bellevue Hospital, 74. 
 
 Reception Hospitals, 69, 70, 72, 96. 
 Records, statistical, 103. 
 Reese, Dr. D. Meredith, 43, 48, 53, 133. 
 Relapsing fever in Bellevue Hospital, 83. 
 Religious work in Bellevue Hospital, 97, 
 
 98. 
 Removal of Bellevue Hospital proposed, 
 
 76. 
 Report, first, of Medical Board, 49; on 
 
 management of almshouse, 26, 37; on 
 
 erysipelas, pyaemia, etc., 73; on typhus 
 
 in'Bellevue Hospital, 32, 43. 
 Residence Directory, 347. 
 Resident Apothecary, 27.
 
 Index. 
 
 i8r 
 
 Resident Physicians, 33, 36, 42, 45, 47, 131, 
 
 133 ; salary of, 41 ; assistant, 135. 
 Roe, Dr. Stephen C, 33, 36, 109. 
 Rose Hill Farm, 24, 29. 
 
 Salary of Resident Physician, 41 ; of Vis- 
 iting Physician, 5, 28. 
 
 Sale of part of Bellevue grounds, 50. 
 
 Schools in almshouse, 7, 10, 23. 
 
 Service, character of, 5, 28, 40, 42, 46, 49, 
 55, s8, 60, 64, 94. 
 
 Smith, Dr. Joseph M., 32. 
 
 Society of the Alumni of Bellevue Hospi- 
 tal, 364 ; of the Internes of 1855, 364. 
 
 Staff, see also Medical Board, Consulting, 
 33, 45, 100, 107, no; during war period, 
 62 ; House, 27, 28, 33, 37, 42, 47, 48, 59, 
 99, 131 ; reorganization of, 33, 47, 59, 
 65, 99; present, 361 ; Visiting, 5, 27, 28, 
 45, 100, 114, 123. 
 
 Stanford, Rev. John, 21. 
 
 Stewart, Dr. F. Campbell, 44, 45, 126. 
 
 Stone, Dr. Lyman H., 43, 146. 
 
 Stout, Dr. A. S., 44. 
 
 Sturges pavilion, 88. 
 
 Superintendent of almshouse, 6, 25, 41. 
 
 Surgeons, Consulting, see also Medical 
 Board, no; Visiting, 123. 
 
 Surgical service, 28, 45, 72, 75. 
 
 Tax, Poor, in London, 3; in New- York 
 
 city, 2, 3, 9. 
 Townsend chapel, 97; pavilion, 92. 
 Training School, New-York, 79 ; Mills, 
 
 82, 99. 
 Typhus fever in Bellevue Hospital, 30, 34, 
 
 39, 41, 42, 54, 63, 65, 83 ; death-rate, 31, 
 
 43. 54- 
 
 Van Beuren, Dr. John, 5, 120. 
 
 Van Buren, Dr. William H., 6,45,53, "Si 
 
 121, 126. 
 " Vineyard," The, 4. 
 Visiting staff, 5, 27, 28, 45, 114, 123 ; salary 
 
 of, 5, 28. 
 
 Warden of Bellevue Hospital, 48, 99. 
 Washington at Kip's Bay, 18, 19. 
 Waits's House, 17. 
 Watts, John, 24. 
 
 Workhouse, first, in Nevv-York city, 4, 7. 
 Wood, Dr. Isaac, 32, 33, 35, 109, 135. 
 Wood, Dr. James R., 46, 56, 127. 
 Wood Museum, 56, 99. 
 
 Yellow fever, 10, 12, 13, 15, 29, 30.
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 Page 42, 1st line, for '• yet it was " read, yet it is. 
 
 Page 50, loth line, for " at second avenue " read, in 184^. 
 
 Page 50, 13th line, for "drive" read, have driven. 
 
 Page 61, 6th line, for " governor's " read, governors\ 
 
 Page 74, 2d line from bottom, for " were" read, -was. 
 
 Page 121, for " Wylie, Walker Gill" read, Wylic, Walker GilV^. 
 
 Pages 124 and 129, for "Dennis, Frederick Shepard-" read Dennis, 
 
 Frederic Shepard-; and for " Gwyer, Frederick Walker 2" read, 
 
 Gwyer, Fred Walker-. 
 Page 130, under Consulting, for " 1886." read, 1886-. 
 Page 131, under Visiting, for " 18S7-9 " read. i887-')2.
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 JAN 9 Rffr 
 ^^N 4 1965 
 
 TEC ' ' mi ^n*^ FEB^ #^9^ 
 
 OQT 5 RBJt 
 
 InterirBrary Zuairs 
 
 5^e two weeks from receipt 
 
 '.^ 
 
 UUffttU 
 
 iViAR n 1 m^ 
 
 -JUL 7 1988 
 
 Bjornc^'"'' '' '"^rary 
 
 SEP I4i«?? l!c 
 
 ■JEJUNI 2 1^70 
 
 Form L9-10C^-fe,'fc(Aitt^444 
 
 Pf^ 4 1994
 
 .3 
 
 ■\ a rl O 
 
 3 j 
 
 o'mr^lli