UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES L 1/rf- ?n^ c/^n 1 1 * * > » « * > ' * >>> ^a, > • »'o •-• • LONDON: PRINTED BY RICHARD TAYLOR, RED LION COIRT, FLEET STREET. 1831. INotfor Salc.~\ C O N T E N T S. t to Paht I. 3> 0>l Q. Page. Acknowledgement of" Sir John Malcolm's Letter 1 Introductory Observations : Commissariat 1 Provision Department 7 Troops on board Ship 13 Arrack 1,'i Hired Cattle and Followers. ... IG Barrack Department 18 Boat Department 21 Transport of Stores 22 Camp Equipage 23 Pagf. Carriage of the Sick 24 Cavalry Branch 2(i Graia and Forage ~(> Grass-cutters 26 Saddle Contract 27 Saddles, &c 28 Line Articles 28 Stables 29 Officers' Charges 30 Remount 31 Stud ai Horses 3.'> Part II. Engineer Corps 38 Sappers and Nliners 42 Military Board 47 Ordnance Department 51 Practice Ammunition 58 Gun-carriage Agency 59 Gunpowder Agency 60 Pay and Allowances 61 Regimental Contracts C 4 Mode of kep])ing Accounts 65 Office Establishment 70 Medical De])artment 72 Supplies 73 Irregulars, Horse and Infantry 77 Military Bazars 77 Concluding Remarks 79 Appendix. Sir John Malcolm's Letter calling for the Report 81 Sir John Malcolm's Minute in Council on the Report 81 Tables of Provision Department, 1 to 9 82 — 85 Statement of Amount of Ordnance Stores expended annually, with the Numerical Strength of the Bombay Army for 1 4 Years 86 Statement of the Number of Horses purchased at Bombay for the Madras Cavalry, from 1823 to 1827 86 Report of the Annual Committee on the Progress of the Breed of Horses on the Bombay Establishment 86 Register of Savings and Increases in the Military Expenditure of the Bombay Presidency 87 Comparative Statement of the Cost of feeding 9,738 Horses for one Year in Bengal, Bombay, and in England 95 A Statement of the Number of Horses purchased for the Cavalry on the Bombay Establishment, from 1823 to 1827 95 Statement showing the Receipts and Issues in the Gun-carriage Department for 1827-28 (Bombay) 96 Statement showing the Receipts and Issues in the Gunpowder Manufactory for 1827-28 (Bombay) 102 Statement of the various Descriptions of Articles made up in the Gun-carriage Department in Bombay, showing their Cost 106 Account Current of the Gun-carriage Department in Bombay for 1825-26, showing the mode of balancing Accounts in that Department 108 Statement of Gunpowder expended for Annual Practice, &c., in the Bombay Establishment, from 1827 to 1828 109 Statement showing the Quantity of Ciunpowder manufactured, and the Expenses incurred thereon, on the Bombay Establishment from 1 823 to 1828 Statement showing the Expense in Bengal for making Gun-carriages, &c Statement showing the Cost of Iron, Brass, &c., in the Constructing of Gun-carriagcs in Bengal.. . Statement of the Quantity of Crude Materials required to make a Cwt. of Wrought Metal Statement sliowiiig the Cost of making Elevating-screws in Bengal Statement showing the Cost of Powder-barrels in Bengal Statement showing the Cost of a Barrel of Powder manufactured in Bengal Statement showing the Expense of the Agencies of Gunpowder and Gun-carriage in Bengal Statement of the Reductions and Increases in the Commissariat Department in Bombay from De- cember 1827 to September 1 830 Statement showing the Cost and Charges for Horses purchased by the Commissariat in the Gulf at Bombay, an(i Subordinates, until delivered over to the Mounted Corps of the Army, for the Years 1825-26 and 1827-28 109 120 121 122 123 123 123 123 124 138 358327 It is I'eared that many verbal errors and inaccuracies will be found in this Report. The friend, to whom the MS. was forwarded from India to be printed, is entirely unacquainted \vitli those details to which the Report relates : nor did he think himself justified in seeking assistance elsewhere, as the document is intended only for private distribution among a select few. REPORT. To MAJOR-GENERAL THE HONOURABLE SIR JOHN MALCOLM, G.C. B.K. L.S., Governor. Honourable Sir, L HAVE the honour to acknowledge your comniamls under date , and in obedience to them have employed myself in the contcniplation and arrangement of the several subjects which you have deemed it requisite 1 siiould report upon, from such sources of infor- mation as I may be in possession of. In attempting to discuss such serious and extensive questions, I trust I shall be satisfactorily meeting your wishes, by slating niy own conception of the objects which you propose should engage my attention. The following points, I presume, may be admitted as forming the leading princij)les of the inquiry: — L The examination of the reforms which you have introduced at this Presidency in every branch of the military system involving expenditure. II. How those reforms appear to be progressively working, and their probable result. III. Their comparative bearing to the same departments at the other Presidencies. And, IV. The financial result as to the oeconomy and efficiency in expenditure. If the preceding ideas present a correct view of the objects contemplated by your instruc- tions, I shall enter upon the discussion at once, with the hope that the mode in which I carry it on will evince if 1 have lost sight of that salutary rule. I hope my anxiety to be understood, will not fail me as a sufficient palliation for any trespass of the kind. — As a commencement to the work, I shall proceed to take up one of the largest branches of the public service for examination — The Commissariat. This department, when instituted at this Presidency in 1811-12, was framed on the model of the one at Madras: but it was soon felt that modifications more consonant to the nature of our own service and country should be introduced. To avoid prolixity in a long account of its subsequent growth, I shall only observe, that since that period the number of its officers has increased from six to nine, and the number of conductors in a like proportion. Its establishments also (I mean those exclusively attached to its offices,) and its general expenditure kept pace with this increase: but it must be remembered that the numerical strength of the army had nearly doubled itself during the same period, and the territory over which the troops were dispersed, and the department had consequently to extend its operations, had spread from the confined limits of a province or two to the range of a kingdom *. That the expense of such operations should be excessive, cannot excite surprise ; but why they should not gradually have fallen into their relative position on the recurrence of peace, now seems to give rise to a general and serious complaint. This may in part be ascribed to the nature of the department, and of Indian warfare; for it is well known that the expenditure cannot be calculated upon fixed, but presumed data, so as to produce a probable conclusion. The amount of establishments numerically, and in cash particularly, during the period of war cannot be controlled by fixed numbers, bearing a regulated proportion or analogy to the number of troops employed : for instance, the expense of an establishment for two companies of Europeans in the field, would not, as one might expect, be the fourth part of the one reijuisite for a whole regiment of eight companies; but it would on the contrary be at least one third of it, and the expense of hospital equijiment, as far as the Commissariat is concerned, would not be wide of this estimate. This does not include the number of cattle, tents, followers, and provisions. I merely mention this for a right under- standing of the nature of the department, being, as will be seen, one chiefly of contingencies, indeed of accidents, that govern the demands as well as the resources, which latter, duly managed, lead to an effective state of a useful Commissariat. Where the department in peace time is merely an office of receipt and issues, it loses much of its labour and responsibility ; and there can be no reason why it should not fall into a similar routine as the other offices, and proceed upon fixed methods, requiring lew or none ot those exertions of a mind fertile in expedients, to meet unexpected exigencies in the progress of public business. • The Presidency of Bombay alone exceeds, I believe, 14,000 square miles. B2 In the above state of things, the militarj- expenditure had swelled to an unexpected height, and only at the termination of the struggle for power was it felt as a burden upon the revenue; for it is not less remarkable, that though the settlement of our conquests was completed in 1 823, yet the increase of expenditure now complained of is to be looked for from that year, and has grown up during a period of comparative, if not complete tranquillity. I do not introduce this or any other observation with any intention of making allusions to political events that may be deemed foreign to the tenour of this paper ; I merely touch on them as connected with the spirit of it, or in fact accounting for the extension of our establishments, and their consequent drain on our resources. That "the success of armies frequently depends on the state of equipment" is, I believe, no novel doctrine ; and I need only allude to the rapid and successful movements of our troops in this country, for some years past, as fairU' to have been promoted bj- the care and attentions in our preparations of the several departments, which rendered the soldier always ready and effective. I shall waive any allusion to my own experience, but appeal for confirmation to the excellent state of the equipments that enabled our troops to move with such celerity, and communicate on a sphere of action of near thirty degrees of latitude. I take the Commissariat department, as the one best calculated to exemplify the variety that existed, when one regulated mode was neither coui'ted nor acted upon, though it had been so frequently recommended by the Honourable Court. This neglect of uniformity, and the absence of mutual intercourse of the officers of this line at the several Presidencies, produced what I deem mischiefs inseparable from such diversity, and particularly in the delegation of the powers exercised by the officers at the heads of the several branches of it in India. The unparalleled career in which we acquired such an extraordinary extent of dominion, required each Government, though nominally dependent on Bengal, to act for itself, issuing such rules as local occurrences demanded, and which, from their attention being fixed on the rapid course of political events, afforded tliem no leisure to attend to what was in useful operation at other places, which would have progressively led, bj' comparison, to a beneficial uniformity of system. It is true that most of the materials for a Commissariat previously existed, and could have been, with some additions, arranged and digested into one general code. Had this been done, instead of allowing each Government to frame rules for itself, we should not now have to lament that irregularity' the prevention of which would have produced so much good. For, however merited the praises may have been that were bestowed on the officers at the heads of the several portions of the Commissariat in the field, the want of one uniform system was grievously felt during the whole of the late Mahratta war, when the several divisions of the three armies were meeting and acting together. Indeed, it rather reflects additional credit on those officers, that their zeal and talents overcame those obstacles. The necessity of this uniformity seems obvious to all public men of the present day; and whatever may be the mode for its attainment, the reform is essential to the state of our finances, and its accomplishment seems accelerated by the verj' nature of our present position in India. Indeed its adoption ought to be desired, were it only to avoid the imputation of inconsistency, of a great state permitting various and incongruous modes in the conduct of their financial system, from the operation of which a simultaneous and accurate result is looked for, as if the expecta- tion were grounded on reasonable principles either theoretical or practical. As an illustration, I shall endeavour to show how one line of public business issuing from one main source should in its course of action diverge to points wide of each other, dictated neither by necessity nor a superior degree of utility, but seems to have originated rather from the separate views taken to constitute this establishment, and the system of supplv locally in operation at the different Presidencies, than any recognized general principles. No part of the topic of assimilation can be argued, as we would consider that of discipline, on the ground of local inapplicability of the same rules pervading the whole of India. These are widely separated : ])rivate sentiments and local prejudices have no existence in an affair ot this kind; the adojition therefore of a general uniformity of powers, system, and practice, can affect the feeling of none; and the advantages accruing to the State on the score of oeconomy and efficiency are incalculable in India, and the facility of inspection that it holds out to the home authorities is too obvious, I ti'iist, to be questioned. In Bengal, the duty of the Commissary-general and his deputy is that of a general supervision, ordering supplies (not of great amount) on his own authority, but requiring the sanction of Government lor any large outlay — being totally unincumbered with any kinds of accounts, except in cases of reference for explanations on the charges of his subordinate officers. This species of responsibility I conceive to be not only partial but almost nominal ; for he neither receives, passes, nor audits charges and documents. On the contrary they are examined by one of tile Secretaries of the Military Board, denominated "Commissariat Accountant," who refers, wlien he thinks necessary, to the Commissary-general for explanations, on which Govern- ment finally decide, .nnd occasionally the Accountant defers to the Military Auditor-general for advice on the score of regulations. At Madras, the Commissary-general not only carries on the duties above stated, but used to embody in one general document llie wliole accounts of the several branches ol' his denarlnicnt a most unnecessary labour and nianul'acturiiig of papers and business. He was also held responsible for the authorizing of large sums, and uhiinately audited them *. Tiie Commissary-general at Bombay, in conse(|uence of the late revision of the system, has "ot rid of the intermediate authority of the Military Board, being dependent on Government alone for sanction to his measures, exercising a general superintendence both over the several branches of his department and the propriety and accuracy of their accounts, which are audiied bv the constituted officer of Government, the Military Auditoi-general. This clothes liim with a simple and ellective control over the duties ot his department, while it establishes a direct responsibility on himself, productive both of elliciency anil safety to the interest of the State. 1 shall oidy aild, that the jjowers of the Connnissary-general at Madras are more extensive than those of the other Presidencies ; for besides the removal and stationing of his officers at his own discretion, he has no intermediate controller. The situation of Commissary-general is one of deep responsibility, and his office should be the source of every information relative to the department and all the army su])]ilies; it should also conduct the examination and audit of the returns of provisions and stores, and be the channel of transmission for the accounts, with his remarks and ex])lanations of the charrres in the money bills to the Auditor-general. This plain system, so simple in operation and effec- tive in result, must carry conviction to any mind conversant with business, as jireferable to any complicated and, I may add, irresponsible mode. The plea of facilitating the settlement of accounts can hardly be a counterbalancing advantage (for the arrears prove it to be a nominal one,) to the inversion of placing duties in unexperienced and irresponsible hands and depart- ments ; nor does the increase of expenditure sanction the duties of the Commissary-general being divided with his deputy, as in Bengal, or devolved upon secretaries and others, that strictly appertain to himself alone ; for who has, or can feel, so great a concern for the due performance of the duty of his department, or the credit of it, as the officer of high rank at the head ? And what better security can the State require for a proper attention to its interests, than that the principal of so important a department should be the centre, not only of movement, but the efficient con- troller of so large a contingent expenditure, subject only to the Government itself for his proceedings, and to its authorized officer of audit for the accuracy of the departmental accounts ? In a department of this kind, npon what grounds can the objection rest, that the system of one Presidency is inapplicable to that of another? My own experience leads me to a contrary con- clusion; andif the three departments were assimilated on the principle that should actuate the con- duct of their business, I am convinced that the utmost benefit would accrue, producing an intimate knowledge by constant intercourse with the resources of our own territories and tliose of our allies, while it would relieve the home authorities from the existing necessity of sending out such enormous quantities of stores from England ; the local Governments would provide for their own wants from the productions of India at a cheaper rate, thus cherishing and increasing the resources within themselves, to the natural augmentation of the revenue. A general arrange- ment would also materially affect the amount of the expense of the department, effecting a re- duction in favour of Government, while the individuals employed will suffer no pecuniary injury. This cannot be explained in a few words, though I am fully possessed of the accuracyof the plan. The Commissary-generals' tours should not be amiual, but a general one, made when they first come into office, and not more than every third year afterwards ; for the estimated expense of these annual journeys amounts to a large sum, which calls for a corresponding benefit. I am at a loss to conceive what can be done or altered annually by the Commissary-generals' visits, after the out-stations have been once inspected and arranged. If their assistants are capable persons, who possess the knowledge of their current duties and the regulations of the depart- ment, it cannot require such freijuent inspection in peacetimes, when it is only re(]uired steadily to pursue a routine in which no exigencies can occur, which latter only belong to the move- ments of a war establishment: besides, the security bond every officer is subject to, protects the State against defalcations in the regular accounts, that are, or ought to be, monthly examined and audited. There is another objection to the advantages oftlie annual tour of the Commissary- general, particularly in Bengal, and is in a great degree a])plicable to the other two Presidencies, where the extent of the journey is so great and the rate of travelling so slow ; — for what is to become of his own duties, and the references on the accounts of his subordinates during his absence of six or eight months every year, that are monthly sent in for examination. These applications must occupy not only weeks, but months ; and the evil of delay both to the public service and the private individual is of the most serious nature : besides, the Government all this time are deprived of the opinion and advice at head-quarters of one of its most important and responsible officers. The subject of the salaries of the heads of the department, I presume, admits of no dis- cussion in this Report, though the same rule does not obtain as to the subordinate officers, and • By the Honourable Court's orders. 6 should rest on the principle of remuneration for the degree of responsibility attaching to the extent of disbursement. — The following scliedule will pi obably exhibit this idea in a clearer point of view than any other kind of explanation. SCHEDULE. Whenever the expenditure of a division averages one lac of rupees per mensem, it might have for its duties — One First Assistant at 1000 Rs. salary. One Third Assistant at 500 One Sub-Assistant at 300 When the outlay is from half a lac to one lac — One First Assistant at 1000 One Third Assistant of second class at 400 When the outlay is 40,000 to 50,000— One Second Assistant at TOO One Sub-Assistant at 300 When the outlay is 20,000 to 40,000 — One Third Assistant at 500 When the outlay is 10,000 to 20,000 — One Third Assistant of second class at 400 When the outlay is 3000 to 10,000 — One Sub- Assistant at 300. And When the outlay is from 1000 to 3000, a Commissioned Officer as temporary agent. And finally — When the outlay is 500 to 1000, a Warrant Officer is sufficient to superintend; and native agents might conduct the duties for an outlay of from 100 to 500. The foregoing arrangement was principall}' suggested by the unaccountable disparity that was displayed in the return in Bengal from the Commissariat account, — that one officer receiving rupees 1045 salarj', had an outlay of cash of 6210; another, of rupeer 1000 salary, ex- pended rupees 20,000 ; and a third, a salary of rupees 700, had an outlay of rupees 69,000 per month. It would not be hazarding too much to saj', that there is a similar disparity existing at Madras. I could also produce more than one instance of an officer conducting a monthly expenditure on the Bombay establishment, of near two lacs per mensevi, receiving the salary of rupees 600. No objection can be urged against the adoption of an equalization, as it will naturally follow, that as the higher grades have the largest salaries, so they ought to be invested with the heaviest charge. The Deputy Commissary-general in Bengal is also a controlling officer without executive tluty ; thus admitting in fact that there are two Commissaries-general. This would be imprac- ticable at the other Presidencies, as their Deputies or First Assistants are executive officers, and consequently fixed to one station. The mode also of keeping accounts is not the same, and the differences are many and minute. Each Presidency of course prefers its own, and any one possessed of a good know- ledge of business could no doubt elicit an account from the examination of them. But I trust the object in view is rather to understand systems, in order to establish a preference in favour of that which possesses the greatest ceconomy with the easiest practice, than to examine trifling forms, that onl}' constitute a part of the duties of the subordinate executive officers, or the shape or numbers of the documents used in this or any of the military departments under consideration, particularly those of the Commissariat, which from long use have at different times been adopted from their utility for the accurate settlement of the accounts. As a leading feature of this part of the subject, I shall observe, that the preparation of the general statement of accounts one might imagine was the same all over India. So it is in its general form no doubt, but not in its arrangements — for when any comparisons are gone into, much searching and picking ensues, before anything approaching to accurate and similar conclusions can be arrived at. The constant and repeated references from England on the score of personal allowances would alone be a sufficient proof of this fact ; and taking the argument as capable of illustration on the spot, we need only have recourse to the mode of writing off" or esti- mating the wastage on liquor, which is estimated in the general books in cash. It is an article that demands the greatest care in its preservation, and is of great consumption and heavy cost. Situated as the department at Bombay is at present, it will, I trust, be enabled to act with greater celerity, as the new arrangements have relieved it of a large quantity of extraneous ousiness which had been from time to time thrown into it, producing the evil arising from an accumulated mass of detail belonging to other branches of the service. It may, however, be subject to one ill effect, that of dividing the public expenditure into a great number of channels, which were formerly all collected into one view, and consequently afforded a greater facility to the examination of the Auditor, who thus with ease could compare the charges in the several bills. This pruning, however, has reduced the department to its original foundation, a source of commissariat supply of every description to the army; not, as it gradually and latterly became, a department supplying all others with the most trifling articles retjuirecl in the civil, military, medical, marine and general departments, and in some cases without due check as to the (piantity ami propriety of the demands. In fact it was an universal nia'razine, or the great bazaar of the Govt^rnmunt. This accumulation of work, as might have been foreseen, clogged its i)ro])er working, besides ailding to the impossibility of a strict control being held over such divided and minute expenditure, and produced the consequent mischiefs of delay, and in some instances of confusion. The effects of its operations for some time must be looked forward to, and a successful result anticipated, as the labour and talents applied to its execution by tlie subordinate officers on a simpler plan for action, affords every reasonable prospect of sucli a conclusion. On this footing 1 take it, and will advert in the proper jilace to those savings tliat are gradually effecting from the alterations; one of the leading features of which is the plan of making supplies by contract. The advantages the Government derives from this mode are the position of check or controller for the Government, instead of that of supplier, that it places the Commissariat officer in; the dispensing witii numerous and expensive establislmients; the prevention of delay, and the ascertained price at which the Ciovernment are sure the supply will be made, and the total amount of the ultimate expenditure. The reduction of price also appears a matter of course ; and if success attends similar attempts elsewhere, a cheerin" prospect from analogy presents itself to us, as to equal results attending our own plans ; as 1 can state, from the most authentic source, that the introduction of the contract system at Madras, for the supplies to the engineers, occasioned a fall of 24 per cent, in the price of materials. Method, no doubt, and great discrimination of the capability of the means of the contractors, are indispensable qualities in the conduct of such a plan ; and the comparative ease, as a novel or new experiment, with which it appears to be working, affords a pleasing presage of its ultimate success. In I3engal and Madras, the Commissariat was more confined to military purposes, making but few supplies out of its own line, until those for the hospitals were thrown into it. The equipments, however, for the Governor-general and civil officers of Government travelling on duty in Bengal, are made by it. Hardly any of the materials required in the manufactories of gunpowder and gun carriages, and for the erection of buildings in the military line, for the engineers, are furnished by the Bengal Commissariat, though at Madras this rule does not obtain; and those for tiie engineers, as stated, are mostly by contract through the Commissariat. The main principles for the Commissariat may rather be said to have arisen from experience and successful working of the minutiae and temporary expedients, than to have been indebted for their primary cause to any plan or theory; which latter has done but little for this branch of the military service : but in order to understand, and particularly to reduce, those principles to practical use, some of the details must be at least examined, and the labour of condensing them from innumerable trifling sources, probable estimations, and complicated calculations, cannot be estimated but by those whose experience and knowledge of this line have rendered them familiar with such an occupation. The results which have grown out of the examination of the subjects following, are, I trust, such only as the facts themselves have warranted as natural and unavoidable, devoid of any previously conceived bias to any particular feeling or system. Indeed if there is anything in the preparation of this Report that I would wish to claim as a merit, it would be the sincere conviction that I have not advocated any cause or plan, but that which I deemed entitled to a preference from its proved utility, or just reasoning, and that I review systems and measures, and not men. Having premised these observations, for a general comprehension of the subject, I shall now offer separately those explanatory remarks upon some of the leading heads of this, and the other departments, that suggest themselves ; and if I apjiear to enter more into detail than I had previously intimated, it must be excused me, as a natural consequence of a closer con- templation of so large and complicated a question. Provision Department. The system in its general principle may be called the same under all the Presidencies, as regarding the provisioning of European and Native troops from the Commissariat, in all situations where the regulations of the several Presidencies entitle them to receive rations: but this latter circumstance varies in its application; for in Bengal, Europeans, married or unmarried, receive rations from Government all tiie year round; at Madras, in the fielil, and in field stations; but in Bombay, they are provisioned only while on actual service or marching. There are two modes of provisioning Europeans ; nor am I aware that the one, — of the men dieting themselves in fixed stations, has any serious objection to it, as the men's messes are very strictly superintended, and the power of varying the materials of their food pleases them : 8 besides, tlie soldier in Bengal, if not also at Madras, would have the advantage derived from the lowness of price in comparison with what the same kind of articles would cost on the western side of India. Here I must beg to go somewhat into detail, otherwise the conclusions I draw may have the appearance of not being sufficiently borne out by facts. The soldier in Bengal always gets a smaller ration than at Madras or Bombay, though it varies at different seasons of the year. The ration for half batta stations is peculiar to Bengal. — The following is the comparative state of rations issued to Europeans at the three Presidencies, marching or on actual service. Madras Field Service or Full Batta Station. lb. oz. Biscuit 12 Or Rice 1 5 Fresh Meat 1 8 Salt 2| Wood 5 billets. Spirits 2 drams. Bombay Field Service or Full Batta Station. lb. oz. Biscuit 1 8 Or Rice 1 8 Fresh Meat 1 8 Salt 2 Wood 4 Spirits 2 draras. Madras Hal/ Batta. The men provision themselves. Bombay Half Batta. The men provision themselves. Bengal Field Service or Full Batta Station. Biscuit lib. Or Rice 21b. Fresh meat, including bone : for 5 months in the year . . 1 Jib. for 7 months l|lb. Salt 2oz. Wood 31b. Spirits 2drams. Bengal Half Batta. Bread lib. Meat lib. Salt 2oz. Wood 31b. Spirits Idr. The plan of the family-man supplying his own wants, independent of any general contract entered into for the whole regiment, has public oeconomy on its side, as the ration costs Government, at a full batta station in Bengal, rupees 7 12 7?; and at half batta station, rupees 6 S 2. In Bombay, at a full batta station it costs 8 12; about the same at Madras ; and throughout India no greater deduction can be made from the soldier's pay than 3{d. per diem. There is another difference that amounts in its effects to a discrepancy : As regards India, the non-commissioned officers in Bengal pay higher rates for their rations than the privates, though receiving no greater quantity or variety of food : it is true this is in accordance with His Majesty's warrant, but its application is both partial and local. But men in garrison stations at Bombay, being unable to procure provisions at the usual rates during a peiiod of zcarcity, are supplied at their own request with the ration stated in the mai-gin*, for which they pay reas 70 or 2 annas 9f pies ; and when individuals or small details are marching, they are allowed 6 rupees 8 annas per man, per mensem, for their provisions, under the head of Dry Batta. To save the expense of the Commissariat establishments, a similar plan obtains in Bengal in giving at half batta stations rupees .5, and at full batta rupees JO, per man, as a compensation for provisions. At Madras the European troops have the same indulgence as the Native, by receiving compensation on the rise of the price of rice in the market, without paying anything for it in return. Having condensed these details as to tliis head, which at all the Presidencies would be the same if acting on the same principle, I shall take that part of the system in which they differ, and proceed to the portion of the subject " The relative situation of the soldier to the State," never losing sight of his comfort and health as the prominent features of the discussion. — In reference to the individual, it will, I should imagine, be easily admitted, that in any situation he receives the best of food, if not better, from the public stores, than he can procure by an accidental contract. So far his health is preserved; but his convenience, on the otiier hand, may be consulted by his appropriating a small sum to the purchase of pork, fish, vegetables, &c. which he thinks indispensable to vary his food, even when receiving rations from the public stores. It follows, that in either case, as he buys these articles, he may sometimes lay out more money when providing himself; but in the latter case an arrangement is always made by the commanding officer, to enable him to proportion the amount of his mess charges, which generally exceed what the Government stoppage amounts to, the sum he can spare from his monthly pay. Notwithstanding the deduction that would seem to follow from this reasoning, in favour of the soldier providing himself, I must still be permitted to offer an opinion, that there is hardly any station in either of the Presidencies, where the soldiers would not prefer receiving rations from the Commissariat, if they were somewhat varied, to the supply from a regimental contract, owing both to the price he pays being less than he could procure the same quantity of meat, bread, &c. for, in the market throughout the mondi; and the advantage he has of his Commis- • One pound of meat, two pounds of wood, half a pound of rice, one poand of bread. 9 sariiit provisions being reported on by a committee, if he tliinks them in the slightest degree objcctiunable. My own experience in tlie coniniund of a European regiment, as well as serving much with European troops, induces me to prefer, as one general .system, the provisioning oi' the troops from the Connnissariat, as it combines the two leading points of health and justice to the soldier, and the consequent efliciency of his exertions lo the State. 1 cannot admit it as a serious inference, that discipline woukl he afl'ccted by the ailoplion of either measure, as it has nothing to do with the arrangement lor supply. It may be urged, that the ration could be procured in some parts of India for the same sum that (lovermnent allow for it; but this would be too partial an ailmission lo aflect an extended argument of this nature. I shall now turn to the other side of the topic, anil look upon it in an extended liglit, both as it affects the soldier and the princij)Ies on wiiicl) it operates towards him. 'Ihe keeping of Europeans in garrison in Bengal is more rxpciisiiu: than cither at Madras or Bombai/, because they receive rations all the year round ; but in tiie fiekl, the Mailras army is the most expensive, from a rule, peculiar to itself, of giving (u\\ batla * to the sokliers in addition to their pay, and afterwards making a deduction f equivalent almost to the batta ; and it is to be observed that the Madras soldier's payj and deduction for provisions vary from those of the other Presi- dencies. At Madras, by a misconception, I presume, of the orders of the home authorities, the pay in English money of a shilling ;;tv diem is first converted into [jagodas, ami then into rupees, giving by these means a larger sum, rupees 13 — 2, while the recoverv ibr the ration is not only higher than elsewhere, being 't rupees 7 annas for a private of foot, but does not rise in proportion with the several non-commissioned ranks, and draws a distinction between tlie cavalry and infantry, as is done in Bengal. Nor is the appearance of consistency preserved; for while 4r. 9a. 9p. are allowed as full batta (that is to say, provision money), a deduction only of l-r. 7a. is made for the rations. At Bombay the mode is simple. In garrison or stationar}', the soldier receives 12rs. per month, and provides his own provisions. In the field, or marching, he is provisioned bv the Commissariat, and pays 3r. 8a. (or Z\d. per diem) for his ration; hut has one great advantage in a public point of view, for he is at all times provided with cooking utensils, has them tinned, and carrieil for him, — by which he is always efficient as a soldier, having nothing to think of but himself and his accoutrements. While at Bengal and Madras he is put to this ex[)ense ; and consequently it is but a natural feeling that he should be anxious about his property, and sometimes have his attention distracted as to the probability of its loss, when he ought to be thinking of his dutj' ; — not to adveit to the injury to the service, of the soldier not having his meal in due time. This cannot occur to the Europeans on the Bombay side, as everything is done by the public departments, and the commanding ofScer immediately complains, on the occurrence of any deficiency. This idea was probably present to the minds of the Madras Government, as chatties or earthen pots are given to the men ; but this is a poor substitute for the other mode. A question might be asked as to its being more expensive. The introduction of it generally certainly woidd ; though it is essential to state — the scale lately introduced at Madras iloes not provide for the com- fort of the soldier in any degree, as would be expected, in proportion to the great dissimilarity of its system to those of the other Presidencies : and as to comparative expense, I have no hesita- tion in affirming it to be greater than the one that prevails at Bombay or even at Bengal. The mode also of recovery from the soldier varies, as has been shown, all over Inilia; and why it should do so in any case I am at a loss to conjecture, for it answers no jnu-pose of regularity or ceconomy ; and these anomalies (for they really are such) give rise to those frequent and reiterated orders, complaints, and mollifications by the Honourable Court, the perusal of which by an inexperienced person would lead him to the conclusion that something like confusion existed in so essential a branch of their service. In all general arrangements and plans, it is but too obvious that distinctions of any kind are productive of no good in a great public service like that of India; by any attempt to make the receipts in one place counterbalance, or compensate for payments made in another: this variable mode should give way to tiie establishment of one uniform and general system. This idea seems to iiave suggested itself more than once to the Court of Directors, and may have originated their orders at different times, directing the practice in force at one Presidency, which seemed to them the best, to be adopted at another; and my miiuite on this subject of the 20th July 1829, six months previous to tlie leceipt of their orders issued at Bombay, is in complete accordance with this opinion, proving the practicability of the measure in all its parts. The Madras deduction of rupees !■ — 7 may a|)pear larger than the Bengal and Bombay one of rupees 3—8; for die Madras soldier's pay is calculated at 13 rupees 2 annas, instead of rupees 12, to which first sum the deduction bears a relative proportion; and the general expense is, as I have already shown, greater in an extraordinary degree than that of the other Presidencies in the field, not from the Commissariat charges, which cannot be correctly • Four rupees nine annas, f ^oar rupees seven aunas. % Pay, thirteen rupees two annas. c 10 estimated in campaigning (as they vary every montli), but arising from the plan of giving the batta of rupees 4 — 9. I feel the greatest difficultj' in attempting to frame a comparison of the three establishments, and will, to preserve perspicuity, notice Bengal, which will be the best example on the whole, on the score of charging the soldier for his ration all the year round. He receives 8 rupees 8 annas pay, and is fully provisioned ; — thus in the first instance complying with the King's warrant as to the 3hd. per diem (equal to 3 rupees 8 annas) being deducted from him; — but the Government purchase back, from him the dram of liquor at the rate of 3 rupees 2 annas per month ; and thus, by a double arrangement of taking with one hand and giving back with the other, the soldier in reality gets 12 rupees as pay, and his provisions. Whereas at Bombay, under similar circumstances, he pays 3 rupees 8 annas for his ration ; and at garrison stations he pays rupees 1 — 4 for his liquor out of his pay, besides subsisting himself; and the one at Madras pays 4 — 7, and in garrison Ir. la. 5p. for liquor, and subsists himself also. It may be equally applicable in this place to show the general expense of provisioning the soldier at the three Presidencies (in the field), including his pay, provisions, and compensation money : — Rupees. Annas. At Bengal 18 O"] including esta- Madras (including batta, but no compensation) 23 5 Vblishment, car- Bombay, (neither batta nor compensation) 18 sj riage, &c. Garrison Cost of a Soldier : — Rupees. Annas. Bengal 14 13 Madras 13 2 Bombay 12 This statement, it is to be recollected, is not founded on the same comprehensive basis as that of the Auditor-general's, as the pay and Commissariat expense only are taken into account ; the other items, of clothing, &c., I do not conceive as belonging to this question, and would only be used on the argument at large, when speaking of the soldier as he stands the State in, for every expense. It is also to be assumed from similar data, that the actual loss sustained by Government for provisioning troops on the three Presidencies, arises from the difference of the actual cost of the ration to Government, and the price at which it is charged severally. At Bengal, a soldier in garrison costs 1 rupee 11 annas more than at Madras, and 2 rupees 13 annas more than at Bombay; and therefore, taking the number in Bengal to be 11,000, the amount would be about Rs. 2,23,000 above Madras, and 3,72,000 above Bombaj', supposing each Presi- dency had the same number of troops — for the comparison cannot be made in any other way : and by the same parity of calculation, the Bombay plan is Rs. 1,47,000 cheaper than the Madras per annum ; and if the plan of the Madras batta be considered, it follows that they could not send 5000 men into the field without exceeding the expense attending this number at the other Presidencies by 4 \a.cs per cinnimi. It must therefore be evident that the arrange- ment on the western side of India, on tlie score of effectiveness of the soldier, and ceconomy, cannot be equalled by the modes at Bengal and Madras. On the question of the advantages and disadvantages between the system of Bengal and Bombay, it is only left for me to observe, that the comparison becomes still more favourable to Bombay, when the question of foreign expeditions occurs. Two thirds of those generally consist of natives; and as no deduction is ever made from them for rations in Bengal and Aladras, the expense is consequently a dead loss; whereas at Bombay there is a set-off" of 33t reas per man per diem, or the batta of Rs. 2 — 8 per month. There is another difference, however, — that there are no hospital stoppages at Bombay and Madras, as at Bengal. All these dissimilar points should be cancelled, and a general uniformity established, upon a basis that can be easily made to meet the prejudices and provide for the comfort of the individual, both European and Native. In campaigning, the Bengal plan can boast of a considerable advantage over the Madras one, but nothing to speak of over Bombay, except the cheapness of provisions and servants, which is adventitious from local circumstances, and not ascribable to perfection of system. If therefore the three Presidencies possessed the same means as to cheapness, to which side the preference would incline would be immediately seen, as there is a clear large saving by the Bombay plan of allowing the troops to provision themselves. From these and otiier sources of information, it will be obvious that the humane care at all times evinced by the British Government for the lives of its soldiers (and in no country is it more conspicuous than in India*) has a direct ten- dency to charge the State with every extraexpense, which the moiety of the soldier's pay of 3|f/., ordered by His ^lajesty's warrant, is quite inadequate to cover. It has probably Irom this • In Ceylon he is charged Cxi. for lib. of meat, 1 seer of rice, and 2 drams of aiTack. In India he receives nearly twice as much in value, and never can be charged more than 3\d. for it. 11 feeling become an established usage in Bengal to provision Europeans in all situations, charging them (agreeably to the regulations) less for their rations tiiau the provisions actually cost the Government. This conviction gives rise to the necessity of ascertaining the lowest rate at which the ration can be supplied to the soldier when not on actual service; for when in the field, it of necessity varies every month : no average can be formed, as no expense is spared in keeping hint efficient as far as the Commissariat is concerned. All calculations therefore must conse(]uently be confined to fixed stations, or movements from station to station, under what- ever denomination of full or half batta. In any change, I should rather incline to the introduction of a modified plan, differing from all the modes at present in use, and at the same time distinguishing between the ration for field service (where a man requires more sustenance to recruit his physical strength), and the one for fixed cantonments, whether full or half batta. It appears that the Europeans at Madras never receive biscuit but when the rice is bad, the advantage of which might be questioned; and I certainly would not advise its adoption at the other Presidencies, especially as the cjuantity is only fib. bread. A healthy man marching can scarcely manage with less than one jiound of bread ; this opinion might be supported from the practice of medical men, who allow their patients in hospital fib. : however, if soldiers are to have the same rations while stationary as marching, the proposed plan in the annexed Table, which exhibits but little variety from the old one, might be adopted ; but as it is eoually difficult to cause variety without entailing a greater degree of expense, I have been guided, in connecting economy with efficiency, in adhering to general and not partial principles of calculation. Table A. Proposed Ration to Europeans Marching and Stationary. Field Service or actual Marching. Ration Weekly. 1 \ Pound of Meat 7 days 1 Pound of Biscuit or Bread 7 do. A Pound of Rice 4 do. I Pound of Flour 3 do. 4. Pounds of Wood 7 do. 1 Ounce of Salt 7 do. 2 Drams of Spirits 7 do. Stationary Cantonments on Full or Half Batta. Ration Weekly. 1 Pound of Meat 7 days f Pound of Bread 7 do. i Pound of Rice 3 do. i Pound of Flour 4 do. 2 Pounds of Wood 7 do. i Ounce of Salt 7 do. i Dram of Spirits 7 do. Salt meat never to be issued but on occasions of emergency, and then only one pound per man. In order to introduce flour (an article the men are fond of) as enabling them to make pud- dings, dumplings and apps, and reducing the quantity of rice, which they generally dislike, seldom using it in anything but curry, and whicli they conceive a bad substitute tor bread or biscuit, either of which they deem indispensable as a daily ingredient of their meals. As an argument of this kind must to a certain degree be hypothetical, and can only be partly supported by facts, I shall venture to explain my view of the subject by entering on the largest plan as the safest one for elucidation, and take Bengal as the best adapted tor the purpose, be- cause tiio troops in Bengal are provisioned all the year round. And it has been calculated from the average current prices, that the difference between the present ration (witiiout licjuor) and the new one would be a saving to Government of 5 annas 9 pice per man per mensem while stationary, but when actually marching, or on field service, the loss would be 9 annas Ij pice. Pursuing this calculation, I shall take it as a fair concession, " that hardly one fourth of the Europeans will be ordered for service or move from one cantonment to another evcnj i/ear," thus taking all disadvantages; but admitting that proportion to be marching the whole year round, the Government would lose in that year rupees 20,391 But by the remaining three fourths of tlie stationary number would gain rupees .... 36,871 14 Thus givingrupees 16,832 13 as a clear profit per annum, allowing one fourth of the Europeans to be in constant movement. This saving will of course increase in the same rate that the number of field or moving regi- ments and detachments decreases ; but a profit is never contemplated when discussing the subject of the expense a State incurs in e(|uipping or providing for its troops. All I believe that can be aimed at is a plan founded on the most occonomical principles that will ensure efficiency. To show the relative situations of the soldier under the three Presidencies on the score of pe- cuniary advantages, with the treatment he experiences under each respectively, I shall select the soldier of the third class, or under seven years' service, as best adapted for the calculation to be founded on; and then the following statement will prove that the soldier in Bengal receives in hard cash more money actually than the soldier at Bombay, and but a little less than at Madras. C2 12 Table of Expenditure for a European on the three Presidencies for a Mo7ith of SO days at Full and Half Batta Stations. Full Batta Stations. Bengal. Madras. Bombay. Pay 8 Compensation for Liquor 3 9 10 2 Pay 8 11 Batta 4 9 9 Pay 8 8 Nothing. Total Cash 11 11 10 9 U Total Cash .... 13 4 8 12 9 Total Cash .... 8 8 S 12 Cost of Provisions furnished to each man . . 4 Total cost to Government for a Cattle establishment, &c. Rs. 16 6 5i 22 9 17 4- Half Batta Stations. Bengal. Madras. Bombay. Pay ; Compensation for Liquor .... Total Cash 8 1 9 10 9 Pay 13 2 Deduct Liquor 1 6 Pay 12 Deduct Liquor 1 4 10 •i 2 10 10 2 Total Cash 11 12 Subsists himself. - - Total Cash .... 10 Subsists himself. - 12 Cost of Provisions to Govern- ment for one man Total cost to Government. . . . 14 3 13 2 12 It is onlv requisite here to observe, that in Bengal the soldier at a full batta station receives (including his pay and compensation for his liquor) llr. 11a. lOp., and at half batta stations lOr. 2a. lOp. At Bombay on field service he receives 8 — 8 exclusive of the deduction of Rs. 3 — 8 for his ration. Stationary (having paid for his liquor but getting no ration) he receives lOr. 12a. At Madras in the field he receives 13 — 5 (after paying for his ration), and at gar- rison stations 11 — 12, after paying for his liquor and finding his own provisions: which at a mode- rate computation will cost rupees 5 — 4; thus clearing at the end of the month not more than rupees 5 — 8 Bombay, and 6^8 Madra.s, to coverall his other expenses of dress, tobacco, pipe- clay, cook, &c. It is therefore assuming nothing more than facts warrant, that the soldier in Bengal has a third more money at his own disposal for drinking (if he be so inclined) than at the other Presidencies. The question of provisioning native troops is a short one, when they are entitled to rations, which is on foreign service alone: and though it is an expensive, difficult, and extensive task, as well as supply, the provisions are given at Bengal and Madras gratis ; but at Bombay a de- duction of 33^ reas per diem or rupees 2 — 2> per mensem (the full batta) is made to counterbalance the expenditure; while the granting compensation when grain is high in the market, is a prac- tice throughout India, with one peculiarity attending the mode at Madras, that the European troops participate in it, which must increase the general expense, as they pay nothing in return* : although troops who in limes of scarcity receive provisions from public stores have a deduc- tion made for the same from their pay. The humanity and consideration displayed in the late orders of the Court on the head of ra- tions for invalids and recruits from Europe, have their full effect ; as all regulations springing from the like motives must invariably tend to the good of the service, and ought to be made applicable to the sick on foreign service. Service on Board Ship. The subject of European and native troops on board ship, though a most serious one, must still be explained by Tablesf, which I have appended, accompanied by explanatory notes ; nor do I conceive that I am treating the question lightly, by recommending so concise a mode for its comprehension. The necessity of so doing arises in a considerable measure from the great length I have been obliged to enter into of the description already of the preceding heads. I shall therefore only add, that by the comparative view displayed in the Tables, it appears that the • This is probably a species of set-off for the Europeans' never getting biscuit. — E. F. t 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, C, 7, 8 and 9. See Appendix for these Tables. 13 greatest difference is on tlie Madras side, ami tiiat the Bengal and Bombay scales assimilate more to each other. These two latter are also less expensive and better adapted to the several castes of men that compose those two armies; tlie items of dillei-ence are pointed out, and as they exceed or fall short, to justity either their adoption, or rejection, as iIil- utilily of the case must decide on the preservation ot'the health and ct)nil'ort of the troops as the primary object. No Government ever paid more attention to the religious sentiments of its subjects than the Honourable Court, who have uniforndy given the strongest jiroofs of their regard at all times lor their feelings, and particidarly those connected with the prejudices of its Hindoo soldiers. I therefore feel myself in this situation encouraged to express myself with more confidence in thus j)roniptly stating the apparent oversight of a practice so intimately interwoven with tlie very first j)iinciples of our rule, being fully aware from long experience of the great influence alforded by our conciliation of those peculiar feelings, and the evil of daniping the ant-ction^ of this high-spirited race of men, that must ensue by a departure from a long-established system, whose leading feature is benevolence, founded on the soundest policy. The circumstance I al- lude to is as follows: — The Honourable Court in the Bombay general order December 10, 1829, directs the whole of the ^Madras system of victualling troops at sea to be enforced at Bombay, which may have arisen from a slight oversight; anil I shoultl ill fulfill my own duty were 1 not to jioinl out the discrepancy for higher consideration. It would be su])erfluous here to enter into a detail of the articles proposed for the subsistence of Hindoo troops on ship board, but can be seen in the Tables No. 1, 2, 3, 4-, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. I shall only state it as a known and admitted fact, that Hindoos of a certain caste cannot cook on board ship without the loss of caste: of this class of Hindoos there are upwards of twenty-two thousand in the Bombay army (more than two thirds), and the subsistence directed by the Court's last orders consists of articles that must be cooked before they can be eaten ; and are ailapted to Musselmans and those lower castes of Hindoos that can cook on board ship. I cainiot pretend to be intimately acquainted with the high-caste Hindoos in the Madras army, who can cook on board ship without tlerogation to their religious tenets ; but of this I am convinced, that no Rajpoot from Hindoostan or the Northern Provinces could partake of provisions prepared on board ship without its being followed by degradation of caste. I beg to repeat, that had I not been most anxious on so momentous a question, both as an officer of the native army and a responsible public officer of Government, 1 should have deemed the preceding observations more than unnecessary when the orders of my superiors hail been issued ; but on these grounds of public regard towards my profession, and respect to my Go- vernment, I conceive I should have had but a very limited sense of my duty, had I omitted to point out that which appears adverse to the religious prejudices of so large a portion of our Hindoo army, and can hardly be said, on a fair view of its anticipated practical apj)lication, to be entirely divested of the appearance of anomaly. Arrack. This is an article of such universal use and high price that it requires a separate considera- tion, which is still more requisite from the care Goverimient have always evinced, not only as to the wholesomeness of its original state, but also in directing it to be mellowed by keeping before it is issued to the troops. This, ailded to the circumstances of the.rate at which the soldier re- ceives it, subjects the Government to a very heavy expense, though it is attempted to be shown in Bengal that a profit is derived from it. At Bengal the Government purchase spirit at 1 rupee per gallon, proof, free of duty; and retail it at 2 rupees a gallon to the men, 10 per cent, under proof. At Bombay it is bought at 1 . o . 4 per gallon, including town duty, and retailed at 1.2. 66f per gallon, 2t per cent, under London proof; while at Madras, the liquor is purchased 1 believe at Colombo, but I am not aware at what rate or proof; however it is retailed to the soldier at 1 rupee 12 annas per gallon for the regulated allowance, and at 2.5.1- per gallon on the canteen account : so the advantages of the Madras Presidency in this respect cannot be stated, but may on exami- nation be found to fall short of the expenses that arc incurred by Government on that account. It has been argued in favour of the Bengal system, that the gratuitous donation of the ration to the troops is compensated for to Government by the price at v\hich the lii|Uor is sold, as well as of the gain that arises between the high degree of jiroof at which the rum is received, and the 10 per cent, lowering at which it is issued, yielding in all about 112 per cent, (irofit. This is doubtless an argument /)?7Wrt /flc/c very good but; it is in fact a conclusion shown from apjiearances, and not a deduction from reality, as a matter of figures. I shall therefore submit the grounds of my opinion for believing that the Government does not gain by this species of traffic. If by giving compensation, still it is maintained to be the cheapest plan to save innumerable charges of transport, &c. as well as to defray the price of the gratis ration, the argument be- 14 comes weaker by extension ; as it only proves that the profit by the sale of the liquor is still less adequate to meet so many demands and cover the usual losses : and therefoi'e can be admitted to bear no part in reducing the expense of the donation, the price of which would alone de- mand it. It is evident that the Government, in paying compensation in Bengal to the men, lose about 107 per cent, as long as the men draw only their regulated allowance of one or two drams, ac- cording to the station of full or half batta they are at ; but if they were allowed to draw above their regulated quantity, the Government would gain by the excess in the retail price about 22§ per cent. In explanation of which it is only necessary to state that the rum is purchased at London proof for 15t Sicca annas or St. 1.0.2 per gallon, and issued to the canteens at 10 per cent, under proof, and at 2 St. rupees the gallon, for 11,400 men, the number provi- sioned in Bengal. The compensation paid is as follosvs : — For 5,619 men at Full Batta stations 17,559 6 For 5,781 ditto Half Batta ditto 9,032 13 11,400 Monthly amount 26,592 3 Suppose the same number of men draw 2 drams from the canteen daily, the amount is 34,378 2 The monthly saving is 7,785 15 or annually 93,431 4 which will be hardly sufficient to cover all the charges of every description for transport, wastage, &c. The result of the foregoing calculation would be, that if 2 drams were issued to the canteen for each man at the retail price, the amount monthly would be . Rs. 34,378 2 This is making a fair allowance for sick, prudent, and saving characters. But the Government compensation to the same number of men amounts to 26,592 3 Leaving monthly a balance of 7,785 15 or an annual one of 93,431 ♦ in favour of Government retailing the liquor and paying the compensation also. But there is probably an objection to the plan in question not to be overlooked, — that the men lose the monthly compensation money of rupees 3 . 2 at a full, and Rs. 1 . 9 at a half batta station. But as the Bengal Government introduced this payment about two years since as an advantage to the men and oeconomy to themselves, while it operated as a great increase to the soldier's receipts, beyond that received in other parts of India, which might not have exactly been contemplated, it might seem worthy of consideration how far it would be equitable, or, more correctly speaking, indulgent, to withdraw the grant, now forming so considerable a part of the soldier's income. The advantage of this mode depends on the rate at which the rum is bought, and afterwards sold, assuming that the wastage, dryage, &c. are covered by this advance of price : but it is also to be recollected, that the liquor must be kept in store for three years before it is issued. The wastage therefore for that period alone must be calculated from 2 to 4 per cent, per annum for vats of 3000 gallons, from 9 to 12 for leagures, and from 15 to 20 for hogsheads; so that the advantage that is gained by the lowering of the liquor 10 per cent, on issue, and the ad- vanced price at which it is sold, is barely equivalent to the loss occasioned by evaporation, soakage, and leakage of the first year ; and the loss sustained during the remaining two years that the liquor must remain in store to become mellow, has nothing left to counterbalance it. This estimate does not embrace the larger expenditure of wastage on field service, where it is immense, but confines itself to the circumstance of the most careful management, nor does it include any expenses of warehousing and other contingencies. At Bombay the liquor (arrack) is purchased at 24 per cent, under London proof, and issued at the same, after being kept eighteen months in store ; as it is considered to have become suffi- ciently mellow in that period : one year and a half's wastage is by this means saved, besides other expenses of labour, watering, &c. : and the price which the troops pay for it is an advance of 41§ per cent, exclusive of town duty, which covers most, but not all, the charges. The following statement of the advantages and disadvantages in the purchase and issue of spirits at Bombay exhibits the details, which if applied by w.iy of analogy for calculation would furnish no insecure (lata to proceed on, in judging of the systems pursued at the other Presidencies in forming a fair and general result. The arrack is purchased at 24 per cent, under London proof, at 1 rupee 4 annas per gallon, exclusive of town duty, and retailed to the canteens, as well as issued to the troops, at Ir. 10a. 8p. I^er gallon. 15 Tlie amount annually expended is 120,000 gallons, which gives Government a gain of lis. 50,006 The wastage and dryage in stores, conveyance, evaporation, &c. under the whole Presidency is about 18,000 gallons, or Rs. 22,500 Indemnification of one dram per gallon to the troops on 120,000 gallons, is gallons 3000, or Rs. 3,750 Hamallage on consignments to out-stations, &c. annually 12,000 Cost of vessels to retain and transport, repairs, &c. per annum 11,950 Expense of establishment of contluctors and coopers, &c. per annum . . . 7,092 Wareiiousing at 5 per cent, on 200,000 gallons, though most of the ware- houses are public buildings 10,000 67,292 Probable loss to Government per ainium, exclusive of town duty, while the troops are stationary, but must be considerably increased by any field forces moving, by its transport carriage, and the great wastage unavoidable from marching, and exposure to the heat of the sun all day long, ■ . . . . 17,292 I therefore reply, that it is a result that has been clearly arrived at, that the Government do not, nor can, derive any profit from the present mode of supplying liquor to its soldiers, — a de- duction I think that seems to arise from the examination of a practical system, but divested I trust in the discussion of the least shade of bias or wish to substitute one hypothesis for an- other, leaving the facts as they exist for higher authority to draw an unerring conclusion from. As to the alleged evil of the men appropriating the saving they may make from their provi- sions to die purchase of bad liquor, the prevention to this is good messes, and the canteen sup- plied with wholesome spirits retailed at a moderate rate. All this must rest entirely with the commanding officer and the internal oeconomy of the regiment. The soldier always takes good spirits in preference to bad, when it comes within his means ; the canteen is preferred to the precarious way of getting unwholesome spirits by stealth, though he might get more by the latter mode for his money, which however subjects him to the penalties for irregular conduct. The only objection he has to it is, that he is more immediately under the eye of the non-com- missioned officers as to the quantity he drinks. It is remarkable, but well known, that amongst men in camp or even in open cantonments, where the facilities of obtaining liquor are greater, less drinking is observed than when confined to barracks. This may be accounted for in a moral sense as arising from their minds being more occupied and amused, as well as their receiving daily what they generally deem a sufficient quantity, two drams. This argument is more than hypothetical ; for besides what has been said above, it is also founded on the feelings and inclinations of the men, who would thus have the choice of receiv- ing the full allowance or only a part of it, as best pleased themselves. I might further add, that the Europeans on the Bombay side who have had the option of drawing two drams during the rainy season invariably took it. By the Bengal mode and rate of 100 per cent, of retailing spirits to the canteens, being adopted at Bombay, and no per centage taken on the regulated allowance issued to the men, the Govern- ment would not be subjected to a greater degree of loss or deficiency than at present; but the new mode would furnish an indulgence to the men who at half batta stations would have to pay monthly only 15 annas per man for their liquor, instead of rupee 1 — 4; as they do by the old plan : — this is only putting him on a par with the soldier in Bengal. The Bengal plan of allowing compensation for liquor to the men at 10 pies per dram in garrison and the field, will not be practicable at Madras and Bombay in garrison stations, as the troops are not entitled to any li(iuor without paying for the same; while in the field this species of indulgence will increase expense, as shown for the Bengal soldier in every situation, and that to an enormous extent; for taking the European troops at Madras and Bombay to be 16,000, upon the garrison allowance of Ir. 9a. per man per month, it will be about three lacks of rupees /icr annum. There was a charge made in Bengal for rupees 4-716 wastage for liquor, which agreeably to ]Hiblic information forms a j)er centage nominally of 9000 gallons, or \\ per cent, oidy : but the real issue cannot be estimated under 200,000 gallons (two lacs), the actual wastage upon which would exceed 20,000 gallons per annum, it' calculated by actual occurrence. But the fact 1 believe is, that the 10 per cent, gain by hydrometer variation between the receipt of the liquor from the contractor, and the lowered proof at which it is issued to the troops, is thrown in to relieve the bond J!dc sum of the wastage; for it is not carried to the credit of the Government in any of the accounts. This therefore would account for the wastage being apparently so low ; and when added to it would bring it to its real maximum, and show that it is absolutely l + i or 15 per cent, instead of t^ as stated above. All this requires to be rectified ; because it'is not only a fictitious mode of kecjjing accounts, leading to no good end, but may tend to demoralize the lower servants of Government 16 witnessing such an admitted fallacy, whilst it places those of the upper class in a questionable situation. All wastages should be ascertained by survey committees on the spot, the reasons assigned, and the quantity written off in kind, and not in money ; so ought the proof of the liquor received to be ascertained by committees, and entered on the credit side of the public accounts. To charge wastages in cash is no doubt apparently the simplest, but decidedly not the most accurate mode of exhibiting expenditure, as shown above; and I trust that the introduction of this homely detail will not be judged as a superfluous explanation, but rather be admitted as a useful illustration of facts and systems. Under these varying modes, it is difficult to pronounce which is the best; but a uniform plan ought to be adopted by the liquor being issued at one rate and one proof, and the charge for it to the men the same all over India. There should be no excise duty levied on it, for it stands to reason that it is a fictitious style of keeping accounts, to pay duty on an article for our own consumption, for the Government itself pays the duly that it levies, which has made an increase at Bombay nearly of rupees 1250 per annum, for measuring the liquor that the collector may lew the duty. This would be one step to clear off the mist that hangs over the question, of what a European soldier really costs the State, as the mode of estimation is now so variously conducted that hardly any one seems to know the method of ascertaining it accurately. — These considerations induce me to think that 50 per cent, on all the establishments, exclusive of dutv, would cover the loss under the operation of a uniform system ; but I very much doubt if twice that sum does it at present. Hired Cattle and Folloicers. It must be obvious from a glance even of this widely spreading department, how impossible it is to enumerate the particulars of the resources of each Presidency, and the mode each has pursued of adapting the different kinds of means to their several wants. The effects claimed by the Government from this line are both extensive and important, in as far as they relate to the movement of an army and its effective operation, not only enabling it to perform the most rapid marches to insure success, but by its weakness paralyzing all military enterprise. Situated as the Indian army is, scattered over such an immense space, it would still not be difficult, with the information in our possession, to propose after so much experience a con- nected mode of conducting this branch of the service, which formerly was thought of itself of such moment, when our armies were small, as to be made a separate department, with an officer at its head, with a salary double that of an individual who now conducts the whole of the Commissariat for a field force. The wished-for examination labours under more than one difficulty. The cattle required are for various purposes, — the carriage of stores and provisions in general, and those for the draught of the heavy and light artillery and ordnance store and pontoons ; for these uses camels and bullocks can be reckoned upon as procurable all over India, and do not require much difficulty in arranging into one class. It is of course clearly- understood that this does not include in any way the horse artillery; and in alluding therefore to bullocks alone, the question is a simple one, and must rest where it is ; and though mules have been tried for light field guns, I am persuaded that whatever quickness they may exert in the usual parade evolutions, they will fail in a campaign ; and it" ever they take the field, it will be seen that additional bullocks will be required to be attached to them to assist up hills, and the steep banks of rivers and nullahs, that form such common obstructions to a line of march in this country. I need not dwell on the expense of mules, further than to state, that they average two thirds as nuich as a cavalry horse, and lately their ciiarges have been much reduced in point of expense; but still the objection exists towards them, of the cir- cumstance of the impossibility of recruiting them, on the occurrence of casualties, as they are not natives of India, and nuist be brought from Persia and Scind. The management of the cattle department depends, after one general principle has been laid down for the conduct of its interior duties, upon the first preparation for the campaign, and the ap))lying subsecpiently the local resources of the comitry in which the troops are situated or moving; and certainly north of the Kristna to Delhi there is no want of everv species of cattle, adapted to all and every carriage for the movement of an army; that is to say, elephants, camels, and bullocks, according to the northern and southern position of the troops. I am inclined in this place, as not inapplicable to a subject of this nature, to notice a remarkable animal, the Deccan Tattoo, which though small, still from its spirit, hardihood, endurance of fatigue and privation of food, docility in management, though somewhat vicious in temper, 1 have never witnessed his like in any country; for he bears no affinity either to the pony ol'the Eastern or to that of the Shetland Islands, for he is not so deep-bodied, and is more active, with a thinner skin and finer mane and tail. Of course I am understood to confine myself strictly to the utility of the animal, and as such I deem him for the carriage of every species of stores and camp etjuipage that can be packed in a package, or box, weighing 17 lOOlbs., two of which lie will easily earn- at a sharper rate than either a camel or bullock, and with e(]ua! safety; he trots well in small li rupees 550, and iit Madras I believe it is even rupees 600. Remount. The system now adopted at Bombay to supply the remount for the whole of the horse artillery and cavalry on the spot by the conunaiiding officers themselves, will certainly be the mosto'conotnical way to Oovernment, holding out the prosjiect of |)roviiig the readiest mode of obtaining the remount, anil is, from the favourableness of our |)osition in relation to the foreign supply, as well as the facilities of breeding in our provinces. Bombay has been, and must con- tinue to be. the entrepot from many countries for the sale of horses; it must also be the place of reception and examination, from its central position, for the remount of nearly one half in numbers of the whole of the cavalry belonging to the eastern side of India : but of this I siiall speak in its jiroper place in the course of" this Report. It is evident that if unexceptionable horses can be purchased on the spot by this plan, even at the rates fixed, a better plan, from its sini|)licity, could not have been devised for recruit- ing the remount, and might I think be adopted in Bengal, which prevails there in a partial degree by regimental connnittees, and would eflijct a great saving owing to the facilities afforded that army of providing horses in their own territories, as well as from the countries in their vicinit}', both from the northward and westward ; while it would be impracticable with the Madras Presidency, which have no resources within their own provinces, and must, as they hitherto have done, be dependent on the Bombay side, or take advantage of batches of horses that annually proceed to the southward, for the supply for their cavahy. This must make their expenses on this head very heavy, notwithstanding their horses, as well as those of the Bengal army, are of a lower standard than those taken at Bombay. The necessity of this greater lieight is not quite so evident; as in the late wars the Bombay cavalry standard was until very lately the same as that of the other Presidencies, and the horses purchased at from 50 to 150 rupees less each than we are now paying, which at an average rose to 10 percent, amounting to 25,000 rupees per annum, occasioned by insisting upon a talier horse. The standard for the horses in Bengal and Madras is from fourteen hands one inch for dragoons and horse artillery, and fourteen hands for native cavalry ; the prices for them are from 450 to 500 rupees in Bengal, and from 500 to 600 at Madras; but on the Bombay side the standard for native cavalry alone is fourteen hands one inch, and for dragoons and horse artillery fourteen hands three inches ; which is so material a difference, and renders the horse purchased in Bengal far cheaper ; the standard for the native cavalry at Bombay being the same as for the dragoons and horse artillery in Bengal, thus accounting for the great difference of price, the size of course creating the rise in value. Relative to the remount for the cavalry of Bombay Presidency, the Honourable the Governor minuted the following opinions : — " The superintendent of the stud has been empowered to purchase a certain number of young horses at fairs for the encouragement of breeders, and these might be sent by him to regiments that required or were likely to require them. They should not be subject to any committee, but taken into use, and a very short experiment would ])rove whether this casual and limitetl source of supply required any modification or should be wholly abandoned. " I am aware of the objections that may be urged to the measure recommended : they are however in my opinion so greatly overbalanced by its advantages, that I cannot doubt the policy of its immediate adoption ; but its merits must be tried with exclusive reference to the Presidency of Bombay, which, as the great mart for Gulph and northern horses, and having subject to its rule those provinces of the Deccan which have long been the most famous for a superior breed of horses, and the country of Kattyawar, is altogether differently situated from either Madras or Bengal ; and the question must not therefore be judged by any comparison with the systems pursued under these Governments. "The first advantage will be the saving of expense, — this will arise in many ways ; say (which is improbable) that horses continue at their present price, Government will save agency. Com- missariat establishment, keep of horses, even after committees have passed them at Com- missariat stables, till opportunities offer of sending them to corps, charges for their equipment, feed on the march, hazard from accident, and the greater hazaril of rejection by regimental committees, and sale by auction for little or nothing, when lame or in bad condition, perhaps from want of caie on the journey. " There are no advantages derived from our tratle with the Gulph of Persia that balance the evils that attend our making the whole or greater part of our purchases from Persia, Turkey, and Arabia. The vast sums paid to these countries for our remount are no benefit to Inilia, and many events may occur to stop the supply from tliese countries. The export of horses may be ])rohibited, our amicable intercourse may be interru|)tcd, and we may discover too late the deep error we have committed in neglecting our own resources in the essential blanch of 32 military efficiency. There is another reason for this change, which in my mind has a weight that supersedes all objections that can be urged. The perusal of records, the recent reports of the two different collectors, and my personal observation and communication with the natives of provinces which I have recently visited, quite satisfy me that we must by every means in our jiower endeavour to prevent that complete poverty which, from the want of demand of every article, except grain for animal subsistence, is becoming general among the inhabitants of many of our finest provinces. " >Jo emergency of service is likely to occur ; but if it did, the advantages of this Presidency are so great in this particular branch of military equipment, that it is not possible any wants could arise that could not be supplied in a month. Of this fact I can speak from my own experience with perfect confidence." It can hardly, from what has preceded, be required in this place that a minute comparison should be drawn between the different kinds of horses used at the three Presidencies, which might be supposed in a great measure to be governed by local circumstances, the breeds being, as might be expected, various, over such an immense extentof dominion, besides the importations from other countries ; but from an insight into the subject we are soon convinced that this is not as we expected. And however curious the fact may be, that the Bombay Presidency with more limited pecuniary means has either by its care and vigilance, aided by some fortunate circum- stances of position and the habits of the natives of the soil being engaged from necessity and natural inclination in rearing horses, chosen the better mode of recruiting the cattle of its mounted corps, by adhering as much as circumstances would allow to one breed, decidedly the finest for cavalry purposes, — I mean the Kattiawar horse. And as political events and changes affected the condition of that country, and diminished its produce in number, from the necessity there was of restraining the inhabitants and breeders in their former lawless and predatory habits, who depended upon the blood and fleetness of tiieir horses for success in their expeditions, — the Government early perceived the effects of this altered state of things ; and however benefi- cial in other respects it might be, still it was evident it was likely to lead to a total extinction of this once numerous and valuable class of animals. They adopted a remedy to meet the apprehended failure, and consequently in 1811 made arrangements to procure horses from the northern jiarts of Persia, to be purchased by Captain Lindsay, whose opportunities of obtaining them of the best kind could be equalled by no ability or exertion on the part of any contractor or common supplier ; as that officer, from the high estimation lie was held in by Prince Abbes Mirza, the heir to the Persian throne, had permission not only to purchase in any part of the country, but was even permitted to take horses out of the Prince's own stud and stables ; — not to add that his situation at the Court and his intimacy with the nobles, whose breedingstuds lie had access to, and whose agents employed in the surrounding countries of Khorasson, and the banks of the Oxees, and the Tartarian hordes, he knew, afforded him those means of pro- curing the best produce of those countries at reasonable prices. His horses to this day are spoken of in India as the best ever furnished, — the horse artillery and dragoons. As a proof that I am not attributing too much to the influence of personal character, I can easily allude to the subsequent periods when this agency devolved on others without these personal connections, in which the experiment was continued to keep up the supply of these fine animals under several gentlemen, fully qualified from their judgement and information to execute such a service. Two of them had travelled previously over the greater part of Persia, and all were excellent judges of horses ; but the rejection of those they sent down in point of numbers was so great, as to place the operation of the experiment in its true light, and to induce the Government to withdraw the .agency on the score of expense, and depend entirely upon their former internal resources and the casual market, which by this time became more abuntlantly supplied from the Persian Gulph than ever, owing principally to the increased demand for hordes for the newly raised regi- ments and horse artillery, and also from the residence of the Madras agent, a Commissariat officer, purch.asing for the cavalry of that Presidency. His purchases were both extensive and high-priced, though his standard did not exceed that established for the Bombay establishment. Stud. The studs and farms of the three Presidencies appear naturally to suggest themselves as component parts of this head of examination, not only from their utility, but tendency to pro- duce su|)eri()r horses for our cavalry; with the effect tliey must produce in being in possession of finer dams and sires, to improve the lower breeds of the counliy. Expense at the com- mencement of the establishment, from a laudable feeling for improvement, was disregarded, to create a race that would answer every purpose, both ])ublic and private, that would ulti- nialely supersede the necessity of such establishments, and repay by a general benefit, by ultimately ihrowing the business into its natural channel of private individuals and country breeders, who having once reaped the advantage of such encoiu-agemeiit, and jirofiling by the prices of a good market for the sale of their produce, would gradually provide themselves with the means of continuing the race, and of procuring good food and ))roper attendance lor ,the foals. 33 The Rcngal stiul has been establislied near tliirty years, and has proved itself inadecjuate to an out-turn of a remount, equal to half the number recjuircd by the cavalry on the 15en"al side alone. In point of excellence, it is sinioncers to tlie engineer depart- ment: and I can furtlier state my conviclir)M, ihat furtiiei- orders will be repeated from ICngland to carry it into execution. And tims deeming it adviseabic, and considering it unavoidable, I shall proceed to state the mode I consider best calculated to effect this object with attention to oeconomy, efficiency, and local circumstances. " The pioneers may, I think, be transferred on the 1st of November, and incorporated in the corps of engineer soldiers, which will then, besides the present small company of Euro- peans and youths sons of Eurojieans and Anglo-Indians, consist of two comjianies of native sappers and miners, and six of pioneers. Tliis corjjs will have a fixed head-cpiarters, the officers commanding at which can detach ]iarties as retjuired where there is an engineer officer. " The engineer corps, consisting altogether of about five hundred men, would I conceive be of the greatest service, not only from the instruction that men and officers would obtain at the depot where the head-(]uarters was fixed, but from the csiablishments they would soon furnish the engineers employed on executive duties, and they could carry on public works in their vicinity, aided, when wanted, by day labourers; and on this point of the subject it mav be affirmed, that under the ))lan proposed, the common men of the corps would soon be able to give better instruction to those who worked with them, than non-commissioned or even com- missioned natives can at present. This is no reflection on the zealous and efficient officers attached to the pioneers. If they have the same science even as engineer officers, they have neither the same means or opportunity of exercising their skill, nor have their men when labouring or relieved from it a school of instruction, and examples, which continually though imperceptibly advance them in that knowledge which must render them so useful as engineer soldiers, both in peace and war. " With reference to the first, Qilconomy, it is to be observed that the saving in the engineer department consequent to the adojition of the measure recommended in my minute of the 1st of Ma}', 1830, is estimated by the Auditor-general in his register for June, 1830, at (48,000) forty-eight thousand rupees, part of which will be prospective ; but the whole will, I trust, be effected at an early period : some additional expense will no doubt fall upon other departments consequent to this arrangement, but assuredly none that can subtract one fifth from the saving. " With respect to the performance of the duties of the civil engineer by the chief engineer, as recommended in the twent3'-fifth paragraph of the Finance Conmiittee's letter, it would be contrary to the important principle of preserving him in his duties as a controlling officer ; but it would be consistent with this, that he should perform the duties of inspecting engineer. And considering that when the Town Hall is completed, no more public works of magnitude will be required at Bombay, I think that one officer of rank, with the aid of an efficient assistant, might perform all the executive duties, civil and military, at the Presidency. " The chief engineer. Colonel Goodfellow, with whom I have most fully communicated, not only npon this, but every other point relating to his corps, in a memorandum 1 have just received, states as iollows : " ' If it should be found necessary to do away the appointment of the civil engineer, it should be incorporated with the office of superintending engineer, from which it has twice emanated, in consequence of the duties of the two being tbund more than one officer can well attend to. The last separation took place in 1820 or 1821, was approved of by the Honour- able Court, and the salary fixed by them. It is true that both appointments are now under the charge of one officer, but the great want of engineer officers has rendered this necessary as a temporary measure. I am clearly of opinion that to do the duty of each office properly, two officers are required, or at any rate one officer and an European assistant in each.' " When the two offices were blended, about twenty-five years ago, the establishment was not dispensed with ; and that now proposed to be added to the chief engineer, for conducting the duties of the civil office, is quite inadequate in amount, and if enforced will only be an imaginary saving, whatever office it may be added to ; ibr such people as will be required beyond it must and will be put upon the works. " The chief engineer, by the Honourable Court's order, more than thirty-five years ago, was made an officer of control solely, and restricted from having anything to do with the expenditure on public works. If the Honourable Court thought such a measure proper in those days, how much more so is it now, when the expenditure is unavoidably so much increased. As an officer of control, I have full occupation for my time, and it would be <]uite impossible for me to perform the current duties of my office as such, and to make esti- mates and look after the work-people employed in the construction and repair of public build- ings at the same time; setting aside the inconsistency of blending the two ajipointments of controlling the executive officer, and the derogatory employment it would be tor an officer of my standing and rank, which, as well as that of the commandant of artillery, is 1 believe generally understood to be little inferior to that of the brigailier. " The natural consequence of such an arrangement would be, that the issue woidd gra- dually, if not all at opice, fall into the hands of inferior agents or natives. " Notwithstanding the chief engineer's opinion to the contrary, 1 see no difficulties that 40 cannot be overcome, to the executive branch of the engineer establishment being'reduced to what it was in 1821 ; and one officer of rank and experience, aided by an efficient assistant, performing, under the orders and control of the chief engineer, the combined militarj^ and civil duties. This arrangement will enable Government to dispense with the inspecting engineer at the Presidency, as well as the station of civil engineer. And as the duties of this officer in the soutliern division are as yet limited, I think the appointment may be abo- hslied; and when the Madras troops leave Belgaum, an executive officer may be named to that station, either reporting direct to, and being controlled by, the chief engineer or the inspecting engineer at Tannah, as may hereafter be deemed most advisable. "The arrangement will create, besides the saving calculated by the Finance Com- mittee, of rupees lOjS^S " The allowances and an establishment of an inspecting engineer 16,020 " Tiie extra pay and allowances to the nine infantry officers and staff now attached to the pioneers 24,240 " Making a total saving by what is now proposed, of rupees 50,808 " The increase would be the difference of the personal allowance of his rank to a com- mandant of engineer soldiers and superintendant of depot above that now drawn bv the lieutenant in command, which supposing the situation to be filled by a captain, as is most probable, is rupees 1,890 " Add the difference of 200 rupees per mensetn to the same officer for commanding a corps, instead of its present two companies, rupees 2,4-00 " To ihe staff and personal allowance of his rank to the officer performing the duties of quarter-master and pay-master 4,584 " To the pay of an additional executive engineer for the duties of Ahmednuggur and Candish, being the personal allowance of a captain 5,040 " Making a total, the first and last items of which are liable to fluctuation, of rupees 13,914 " All voung engineers should be employed under the commandant, either at the depot or upon the public works in its vicinity, at least for a twelvemonth before they were detached ; other officers for whom there was no specific duty, might be usefully attached to this corps, especially when employed in forming roads and bridges. There might also be great advantage in permitting, when the Commander-in-Chief chooses, infantry officers to attend for a short period at this depot to receive instruction in military service. " Calculating the effects of the reductions of the executive engineers at out-station, the abolition of the station of inspecting engineer and of civil engineer at the Presidency, and the transfer of the pioneers to that department, the whole amount of actual and immediate saving by these arrangements must be estimated at more than sixty thousand rupees per annum. The progressive saving that must result from the measure will, I can pronounce on the most minute knowledge of the system it supersedes, be very early more than double the amount ; and as far as mv experience enables me to judge, no serious inconvenience will be incurred, and the true interest and efficiency of the corps, as well as the public service, are on many points essentially promoted. " I must, for a variety of reasons, of which I shall state the principal, prefer Seroor to every station for the engineer corps of soldiers and depot. " IsL This station is acknowledged to be one of the healthiest, if not the healthiest, under tiiis Presidency. " 2nd. It is now a matter of regret that it has ceased to be a military station ; and although I mean to propose that on account of the cheapness of grain and plenty of forage it may be made the head-quarters of the Poona auxiliary horse, that will not, when Sir Lionel Smith and his staff leave it, save the excellent Bazar, full of old camp followers, from ruin. " The country around has suffered much from our troops leaving Seroor, and will suffer more when it is almost wholly deserted. " 3rd. Seroor, since we made Ahmednuggur a considerable cantonment, has become more necessary than ever as a station to be maintained. It is exactly half way between the former and Poona, and is from position of consequence as a place of refreshment and supply. " 4th. I deem it of primary importance that the engineer corps should be separated from other troops as much as possible; the oilicer at its head should have the whole conduct of its details, as well as the general command. The young officers are better at a distance from the dissipation and temptations of a large cantonment ; and it is of great consequence that the Europeans of the company of artificers and youth that are training lor the higher duties of the corps, should be removed from the society of other soldiers, and be in a place where they can have libertv, and their bodies and mind kept healthy, by being free not only from vicious asso- ciation, but from those necessary but fretting restraints that are indispensable, when in large anionment or the vicinity of large towns. 41 " 5tli. I consider that no outlay having been incurred at cither place, it will be no more ex- pense to buikl at one than the other ; but troni the many buildinirs for sale at Senior, and that at a very moderate rate, tiiat may be ada|)te(l tor barracks and workshops for the few Europeans of the corps, or hospitals for the natives that may re()uire it, there would probably be a savinij in this point. It would also be a great convenience to officers attached to this corps to have liouses they could rent ; but all this, if the plan and station are ajjproved, can be belter ascer- tained by the survey and report of the inspecting engineer of the division. " The sixth reason for choosing Seroor as the best station for the corps is, that I trust my colleagues will concur with me in thinking, that now the road by Nasseik is finished, and the Bhore Ghaut will be completed in two months, that the next public work of tliis Presidency should be the military road to Ahmeilnuggur from Poona ; which in one line joining the great road to Nasseik, and in another that to Arungabad, would be advancing our comnuniication by Candiesh with Central India, and by Nagpoor to the Bengal territories, and must be ibr these reasons one of the most useful public works that can be contemplated. This road could at once be assigned to the officer commanding the engineer corps at Seroor ; and working from that station as a centre, with such extra aid as Government might deem expedient from time to time to assign him, he could gradually complete it; and from the numerous small bridges to be made, and the rocks to be blasted, he could combine many parts of his labour with the instruction of his men. ''The Commander-in-Chief, if he desired any men of the line to be instructed in the use of pontooning, might send detachments from the stations of Poonah or Ahmednuggur to Seroor, and the river at that station would offer in this respect many advantages, both to the corps itself and to others who come for instruction in a branch of military science singularly essential to facilitate movement in India, and which, — I speak on the highest authority (Colonel Pasley), — never can be learnt except by practice on streams similar in their current to those which our armies when in military operation have to pass. " I have viewed this question as a whole, and if adopted as such, I should be confident of its full success, but I should lose this confidence were it partially adopted. I may .ilso add that if this depot and corps is placed on the footing I propose, it would be early enabled to contribute essential aid to our civil department, in which there must be frequent demand for persons who, combining practical knowledge and science, can from doing so direct or superintend the works which under recent arrangements are so frequently required to be undertaken in that branch of the public service." I shall now add the following practical remarks. The mode in Bengal is, that the engineer officers or barrack-masters make their own supplies, agreeably to the estimates they furnish the Military Board, who sanctions it. At Madras the engineers with large establishments make their own supplies by contract through the Commissariat ; and at Bombay they make the supplies by contracts under the authority of the inspecting engineer. At Madras there are no inspecting engineers, only superintendants, committees performing the duty of inspection, which is effected in Bengal and Bombay by divisional inspectors. I should think the Madras plan the least expensive, every thing considered ; for they are at no expense for inspecting engineers, which at the other two Presidencies has increased the charge to a great extent. The constitution of this department under all the Presidencies is the same, — the officers who are for constructing buildings doing the duty of civil and military engineers. But I cannot avoid noticing one singularity existing in Bengal, that officers of the line are employed for such situations, notwithstanding there are engineer officers disposable for that duty ; which latter are attached to the corps of sappers and miners, instead of being engaged in the more scientific and appropriate duties of their own profession : consequently a remarkable incongruity arises, of practical men superintending those scientifically educated, as some of the superintendants are infantry officers, and the executives engineers : this is in direct opposition to the Court's orders of the 26th July, 1826. At Madras and Bombay the occurrence of a deficiency of engineer officers is partially provided for ; and the same mode should be adopted in Bengal, of making officers of the line eligible for executing any temporary public works, with a fixed rate of salary. There is no reason why one uniform system should not prevail, for at present the three Presidencies appear to beguiiled by no fixed rule, to say nothing of the ill appearance of an unequal distribution; as the number in the public returns in one division alone in Bengal is equal to the whole establishment at Bombay; while at Madras every superintending engi- neer has one or two assistants on the staff pay of 2G2| rupees each, merely for military duties, in addition to a separate officer for civil duties. The allow-ances granted to the engineer officers for executing public works vary under the three Presidencies, although the Honourable Court, by their orders of 11th October 1816, to Madras, fixed an allowance* which marks the distinction of ranks, though doing the same duty: this is strictly followed at Bombay, partially only at Madras, and totally unregarded at Bengal. It is thus evident that upon the whole the 13engal system of allowances is the largest ; while the * Field-officers 700; Captains 430 ; Lieutenants 362i. G 42 dividing of the duties of the chief engineer into superintending has increased the expense upon an estimate, I believe, to 150,000 rupees j9«- annum, and at Bombay of rupees 4'6,000, which probably gave rise to those repeated orders of the Court of Directors to the Supreme Govern- ment, to place the engineer officers upon the Madras footing ; although 1 am not sensible that, except in the instance of inspecting engineers, their plan is either more efficient or more oecono- mical, as they divide the duties into military and civil, which with few exceptions have two distinct officers for each station, while both duties are performed by one at Bombay and Bengal. I must confess I prefer the plan of superintending or inspecting engineers to committees, par- ticularly if the mode of proceeding of the latter is not very strictly attended to by the local commandinor officer. Sappers ami Miners. Before I enter upon the main question, by stating my own views of it, I shall introduce as a species of groundwork, the orders of the Honourable the Court of Directors, the sentiments of the Honourable the Governor (Sir John Malcolm), those of His Excellency Sir Charles Col- ville, and of the chief engineers, Colonels Brooks and Goodfellow, mentioned in the Honourable the Governor's minute of the 16th August, 1830. It proceeds as follows : — " The Court of Directors, in a letter dated the 27th December 1822, state, that having taken into consideration the system of officering the pioneer corps, they are of opinion that it would be for the good of the service if they were to be transferred to the engineer corps, and placed under the command and direction of officers by whom they might be instructed in the art of sapping and mining, and other branches connected with the engineer department ; and at the same time those officers might be employed in superintending the works carried on in their respective districts. " The Court likewise give it as their opinion that no specific number of engineer officers need be attached to the pioneers, with the exception of commandant and adjutant. " Lieutenant-general Colville, after expressing his concurrence as to the necessity of having a coqjs similar to the royal staff corps (in England), or to the sappers and miners, the Bombay pioneers the Lieutenant-general thought could not be properly instructed as sappers, &c., without a considerable increase of establishment, or by their being employed as overseers of workmen. He suggested the expediency of assembling a certain number from each company, to be placed under officers, competent from their knowledge of the Hindoostanee and Mahrattee languages, as well as talent, to instruct them in the duties of sappers, &c. " The chief engineer (Colonel Brooks) gave it as his opinion, that to carry this into effect it would be necessary that the non-commissioned officers should, in the first place, possess a knowledge in various branches of which they are at present ignorant ; and referring to their actual employment, he suggested the establishment of a corps of sappers, &c., distinct from the pioneers, commanded by engineer officers : to these, when trained, should be attached in rota- tion a company of pioneers to instruct the remaining portion of the corps. That in time of peace a body of well-trained sappers and miners would be very useful, if attached to the executive engineers of fixed stations. " The chief engineer recommended strongly an increase of the officers of the corps to carrj' this plan into execution. In answer to his proposition the Governor observed, that the chief engineer's view of the case having embraced two propositions not contemplated by the Court, viz., an increase of the establishment of the engineer officers, and the formation of a corps of sappers and miners, he could not sanction such augmentation, but will submit them to the Honourable Court. In the mean time the Governor suggested the expediency of commencing instructions in sapping and mining, to a certain degree, and will consider of any arrangements which may tend to carry the same into effect. "The Court's letter, dated the 8th February 1826, and their military letter of the 22nd De- cember 1822, state it to have been their intention that the pioneers of this establishment wei'e to be put under the command and direction of officers of engineers. The chief engineer (Colonel Goodfellow) gave his ojiinion, that as the Court of Directors have not thought it necessary to raise a corps of European sa))pers, the pioneers are the only substitute for them ; the Court's arrangement respecting them should be carried into effect ; that a captain and subaltern of engineers should be nominated commandant and adjutant: he thought two companies ol pioneers chosen in rotation, always at head-quarters, who would not only assist the officer in training the recruits, but might be of material service if employed in draining or embanking land subject to inundations. They might also be occasionally instructed with advantage in the art of sinking shafts, pontooning, and rigging of suspension bridges." From a perusal of the Honourable Court's letter, he imagined they did not at the time of those orders fully com)nehcnd the nature of the application made to them by Colonel Brooks, which he understands not to have been for a corps of sappers, &c., raised in England, but for a few Europeans selected from regiments in this country, who might have been with little expense instructed by engineer officers in the duties retjuired of them. " In every branch of the Indian army it has been found necessary to introduce a proportion of Europeans, and in no branch of the service is their skill and intrepidity more likely to prove 43 serviceable than in tlie sapjiers ; and in addition to the transfer of the pioneers, he recommended that ten European lads he attached to each company, who, when competent from their knowledge of the duties required in this branch, would he elifrible for jjroniotion ; and it would, he thought, be necessary that the pioneers should be enableil to act ollensively or defensively as tiie occa- sion might retjuire, which purpose would be answered by iheir being arined with fusils and drilled as infantry. "The foregoing arrangement being considered as the most eligible, the Adjutant-general received instructions to continue the pioneers, at that time emjiloyed in road-making, without any reduction, and such a body of men to be raised by recruiting for the sappers, as there were engineers suthcient to instruct. The Honourable the Governor in Council likewise sanctioneil the addition of European lads in the sapjicrs, in the proportion often to each com- pany. The chief engineer being reejuired to state the number of men the European officers of the engineer corps would be able to instruct, and the description of persons best fitted for sappers and miners, states in reply, that the commandant and adjutant, if appointed to the corps agreeably to order, will be capable of affording instructions to five hundred natives, with the proportion of artificers." The Honourable the Governor then proceeds to explain his own views and deductions on this serious subject, and continues: — " When I left England I was under the impression that the orders for transferring the pioneers, so repeatedly sent, had been obeyed. This measure having been originally suggested by me in 1817, and this transfer as apart of apian for forming a corps of engineer soldiers, were the result of much experience, and are fully embodied in the concluding chapter of Captain Lake's excellent work on the Sieges of the Madras army. On my arrival at Bombay, I was informed that the want of engineer officers was the reason why the pioneers were not placed in that department, and that a corps of sappers and miners had been formed of Europeans and Sepoys drafted from regiments of the line, all of whom were high-caste Rajpoots, who it was expected would answer every purpose. They were cantoned at Versuvah, were well instructed, and it was meant to send companies of pioneers, as they could be spared, to receive casually, as opportunity offered, that knowledge which is so essential to engineer soldiers. This plan, I considered, would answer only so far as to prepare a small body of men to be useful at a siege, which, judging from the actual condition of India, was not likely to occur once in five or ten years : they .were from their composition not calculated to be useful in any other way, and their expense, for which there was no return either in duty or in work, was greater than the state of our finances could warrant the continuance of. With respect to the project which had been made of one or more companies of pioneers occasionally joining the sappers and miners, and learning their art, I know from experience that it would be found at once expensive and mefficient to the object ; and 1 was quite confirmed in this opinion by the difficulties that occurred *, and the little good done when a party were brought to work with the sappers and miners in 1829. " The pioneers are a most valuable body of men ; but I wish now, as I always have done, to see them, if expected to aid the engineers in the field, altogether transferred to that department. The natives of India must look exclusively to one branch of the service; and while pioneers are under infantry officers, they will never enter with that spirit into the duties of sappers and miners, which are to qualify them not only to aid that body, but to be selected into them-f wlien vacancies occur. There is no reason why their labours should not be directed as profitably to the public under engineer officers as under infantry, and I am decidedly of opinion that it will be more so ; for independent of the labour of roads and bridges, the pioneers attached to the engineers will increase the power of the commandant of that corps to form the establishments of executive officers, and not only (as pointed out in my minute of the 1st of May 1830) to prevent the great abuses that were inseparable from the former system, but to promote at once oeconomy and efficiency. " But particularly those at Madras become well instructed in the militai'y parts of their duty, by constant practice in the field and at sieges : but, employed continually as pioneers during peace, when that is of any continuance they must lose all efficiency, except as attached and well practised military labourers; so that as far as the making of public road is concerned, their employment to any extent is most unprofitable. The subsecpient inquiries I have made, lead me to assert that reckoning the batta he always draws when employed on roads, his clothing, and the pension to which he becomes entitled, and the other items that may be brought into the estimate, the pioneer's labours on the road at a cost of ten rupees each man to Government, while the pay of a labourer is only four rupees J p«- mensem, 1 should not consider the pay of a pioneer too great, if the corps was acquiring and maintaining during peace that instruction and knowledge which would render them in war complete aids to a branch in which aid is so much required as the engineer department : but at present they neither are, nor can become that aid ; their lessons must commence when required to act ; and they, ami probably their officers, nmst learn under the fire of an enemy how to form a battery or shape a trench ; anil be taught when • Vide Proceedings of Government. f Tlie sappers and miners have a liiijiier pay than the pioneers. J I am afraid this estimate is too low. — E. F. G2 44 on its banks how their labour may assist an army in crossing a river. And ihey will from being wholly under engineei' officers and incorporated in the higher branches of that corps, earlv attain an efficiency as engineer soldiers. " From the manner in which I propose this corps to be constructed and employed, I anticipate that it will, on the reduced scale, be almost as efficient, as far as its numbers went, from the various duties for which it would be required, in the event of war; while in peace they would, or I am greatly mistaken, more than pay themselves. Numbers will be eventually distributed among the officers of the engineers' department, while those not on detachment would be improving at head-quarters ; but those should be employed, when practicable, on public works : for the fact is, there is not that balance of advantage in keeping up a corps of this description that can re- concile Government to maintain them in peace, %vithout it has a return in labour obviously pro- ductive of public benefit and a saving of disbursement ; and I cannot understand why almost as much may not be learned under able superintendants by the labours of artificers and in useful works, the construction of bridges, the formation of aqueducts, and the mining of rocks, to clear passes, as in making models or learning their duty on a practice ground. " I must consider the present arrangement as the commencement of a system which would gradually (when there are officers sufficient for the charge) lead to the transfer of the pioneers to the corps of engineer soldiers, and artificers would become a superior branch of that corps. This measure has been directed by the Honourable the Court of Directors in their military letter, under date the 22nd December 1822: and to all the arguments against this plan I am perfectly satisfied that though a few pioneers might be necessary for camp or cantonment duties, the corps intended to be useful in the field in erecting batteries, digging trenches, Sec, and employed during peace on roads, bridges, and public works, should be in the engineer depart- ment. " I think we can place it, consistent with those considerations of efficiency and means of prompt action, in every military branch, which in an empire like India it would be the opposite of true oeconomy to neglect. " The numbers of Europeans and youth, sons of Europeans and Anglo-Indians now belong- ing to sappers and miners, — and their education will qualify them to aid and occasionally to superintend public works of every description, as well as the particular duties of the coi-ps to which the}' are attached, — will act under him, i. e. an engineer officer, and where there is not one, they will be placed under an officer of the Quarter-Master-general's department, or local staff officer. I trust that on the organization of the corps some further reduction may be made on its expense without any sacrifice of its efficiency; but such detail of the plan that is adopted will be next carried into execution. " I consider it quite essential that the station of commandant be always a selection by Govern- ment, but that it should be on a footing that made it a point of ambition of the engineer officers. The course of instructions which he would have to give to officers, as well as other duties which would fall to his charge, should combine that experience, knowledge, and personal character, so necessary in my opinion to give full success to this plan. The Court of Directors have sanctioned a commandant and adjutant to this corps. I must for many reasons recommend a Quarter-master, whose duties in charge of stores and as pay- master, from head-quarters of this corps being an engineer depot, and from its composition ren- dering it liable to such frequent detachments, could not be performed by the adjutant. " Much would depend upon the stations for the engineer corps and depot. The sappers and miners are now at Ahmednuggur. Buildings are commenced for them, and 4-000 rupees has been expended ; but contemplating the arrangement I now propose, 1 stopped Captain Jervis the inspecting engineer from proceeding further, and learn from him, that if the building is not required for the sappers and miners, it can without expense be converted to a lock hospital, the estimate for which has been sanctioned. This is therefore no loss on this score. " I must further state, upon this point, that recent inquiries have satisfied me, that all men regularly employed in jiubiic works, like sappers, miners, and pioneers, from June till Octo- ber, a period of four months, can in common seasons work three or four days more in the week than on the Ghauts or below them. The year before last upwards of 100 inches of rain fell in Bombay and the Concan. There was at least that cjuantity on the Ghauts, while there was only 20 inches at Poonah, and less at Seroor and Ahmednuggur. To the roads in the Concan, there- fore, a few pioneers as overseers should only be attached, as the price of labourers in that coun- try renders their employment much more occonomical. " The engineer soldiers could do tiie little military duty necessary at Seroor, and their engi- neer corps would in all respects be complete within itself, ami be a nucleus upon which any number might be formed with facility ; engineer officers would preserve that part ot their edu- cation they receive at the depot of instruction at Chatham, and would never lose, as they now do, the habit of commanding soldiers, as well as of directing artificers, sappers, and labourers. This would be a most efficient improvement in a very essential branch of our army. " The present proposition as to the mode of carrying into execution the orders of the Court of Directors is nothing new, as far as the corps and depot of engineers is concerned. It is 45 merely following up to its conrpletion the plan recommended in my minute of the 9th December 1829, which was approved and adopted by Government." Having submitted this comprehensive description of this corps, it might appear that I can have little to say that couid add any information. I shall, however, with permission, subjoin a few remarks, wliicli, thouij;h less of a scientific than a jjractical nature, I conceive belonging to this Report; the object of which is doubtless to produce those details and particulars that tend to elucidation, and to show that efhcienc}' which is combined with ceconomy. I shall proceed, on the basis of the two latter objects, to observe, that upon a serious consideration this corps of men, which is the only one in the Indian army that in any way approaches to what may be deemed a staff' corps, and as a separate one I am very much inclined to look upon it, on its original footing, more in the light of one for exhibition than real utility; — for what sieges, with a reference to present and prospective events, can we have to undertake, now that all the forts are either destroyed or in our |iossession? And I think I am not hazarding too much in saying, if this opinion requires confirmation, it is not unknown that we besieged and took forts without such a corps ; and the only instance in which they were used was the last Bhurtpore war : as to the superabundant means employed on that occasion I shall make no remark, and there our bat- tering artillery did everything. On the advantages of giving persons of this class of our army this species of scientific education, I have strong doubts, which I do not deem necessary to state, as political affairs do not form any part of this Report : besides, what is there that a good disci- plined pioneer, under proper commissioned and non-commissioned officers, could not effect, with an engineer to direct, that is required from these highly paid people who are but seldom, even during war, employed, and can only put their hands to one kind of work during the probable period of half a century ? I am aware I am urging points that will be strongly contested ; and I have nothing but my own experience of past service to plead, which makes me give a most de- cided preference to a pontoon corps, where a single corps only is maintained. There is no coun- try upon comparison that presents like India so many obstacles to the advance of an army for four months in the year ; from the passage of large and small rivers, and nullahs, and the greater streams all the year round. Let us only reflect on the common fact, that the three ai'mies have detachments, and even whole battalions, moving in different directions at all seasons ; not to notice the biennial reliefs, which latter are certainly connected with our system for the maintenance of proper discipline; and though a trite aphorism, still it is not the less valuable, — that troops should never occupy any station so long as to make them feel a disinclination to leave it. Here then we have an obvious and direct use, if not a necessity for pontooners; and we know further, that Government are at a considerable expense to maintain the common and indispensable ferries for the usual thoroughfare of the great rivers all over the country. Had there been any corps of this kind, I should not have had it, most likely, in my power, at this late period, to instance two occurrences as proofs of so essential a part of military equipment being so defective. In 1827 the Belgaum force, ordered to attack the Kolapore Rajah, could not approach his capital in the month of September, from the want of pontoons and boats, there being two small rivers in their route impassable ; and the troops under Colonel Wilson, that were to cooperate from Poona, could not cross the Kistna to join Colonel Welsh, for the same reason. At last the round basket boats of the country, covered with leather, were put in requi- sition, and in crossing the light six-pounders their bottoms were soon beat out. I have been able in more than one instance to cross rapid streams in a single canoe, making a horse swim on each side in much less time, and with less difficulty, than other persons who were endeavouring to cross in the basket boats, which after a little, acquire a rapid rotatorj' motion that renders them unmanageable, and makes one reach the other side at random far down the opposite bank. The other instance is rather of a different kind : Boats are absolutely necessary even in the month of May, the dry season, to cross the Godavery at Rajmundry : for this purpose there are a number of large and small heavily and expensively built boats of the clumsiest shape it is possible to conceive ; the current in that river is at all times strong, and for five months in the year particularly so. Why therefore boats of a construction that combine lightness and strength, and of easy management, should not have been adopted, when so much expense is incurred for those in present use, I am totally at a loss to conjecture ; besides, unwieldy boats are dangerous from the deficiency of jiower to control them, as the number of men employed in them is never equal to the work of impelling them across to the proper landing-place. I do not recollect any attempt ever having been made to establish a corps of pontooners, ex- cept a proposition by Lord Hastings, which was never carried into effect. On the continent of Europe there are various ways of passing the great rivers, — ferry-boats, bridges of boats, &c. But the most ingenious contrivance 1 recollect for this purpose was sx pont volant over the Waal, in the road from Amsterdam to Nimeguen. It consisted of two very large boats, over which was fixed a firm platform, large enough to contain five or six carriages with their horses, having its prow stemming the current of the river; and from the top of a stout short mast, of about twenty feet high, a strong rope was extended along a line of five or six small boats, the size of an English jolly-boat, the furthest one being secured by an anchor, and exactly 46 in the middle of the river: when the ferry-boat was pushed off from one bank, and the two hehns placed in a proper position, the current acted upon it, and swung it across the river to the opposite side without sail or oar; while all the little boats according to their proximity swung also, descri- bing the segment of a circle corresponding to the distance each had to go to keep itself in the straight line drawn from the anchor to the landing-place. It might not be altogether irrelevant to this part of the subject, which is certainly of much ge- neral interest, to notice some of the means in practice amongst the natives of India, who must be allowed to possess ingenuity in the application of the various means in their power for many useful pui'poses. Besides the usual common ferry-boats, canoes, and even the Chaharpoys, or common wooden sleeping cot, placed on earthen pots and large gourds with their mouths downwards, is a species of round basket about seven feet in diameter and three deep, made of different kinds of materials, according to the local productions of the country, covered with skin. My object in mentioning this curious kind of conveyance, is not only to notice its utility, but the extraordinary coincidence of precisely the same kind of machine being in use from time immemorial on the Euphrates, and mentioned as the only boat or water conveyance on that river by Herodotus, except the very large rafts on which the merchants from Armenia and the North floated down annually, which were principally supported by inflated skins ; and the only difference that seems to exist between the Indian and the Arabian round boat, is that the latter is made of rushes and reeds plastered over with bitumen, and the former is made of bamboos, grass, &c. covered with hides. I wish also to notice that ingenious contrivance called the Shakspear bridge : — it may not, strictly speaking, be an invention, as the original principle of it is to be found in Soutli America, but the application of it in India demands for the author the highest commendation for his in- genuity in improving and applying it. The wood, ropes, reeds, rushes, and rattans are abun- dant in Bengal and the adjacent countries, for the construction of this most lengthy of primitive bridges. The present splendid chain-bridges are, I have no doubt, originally deduced from the idea of the South American bridge ; and the one now in use on Mr. Shakspear's plan is constructed of the rudest and simplest materials. The platforms are entirely of split bamboos, laid over ropes formed of coir (the fibres of the cocoa-nut husk,) and rattans, the latter some- times of 80 and 100 feet lonjj. Mr. Shakspear in his improvements has not omitted to introduce the scientific mode of sup- porting the platform by a number of ropes ranged on each side, in imitation of the perpendi- cular iron rods used in the chain-bridges. The great beauty of his bridge consists in its sim- plicity, cheapness, and the complete suitableness of it to the countries for which he has offered it. Every part of India furnishes some kind of materials that can be applied for its construction, or substituted for those he mentions. I believe it can be used for a span of 100 and 150 feet and upwards. The forest-trees of India supply the upright points on each bank of a river, the cocoa-nut produces the ropes the rattans, the binders for general connection and support, and the bamboo answers admirably for the platform. I may appear to have digressed on this subject, and shall return to the original point by ex- pressing my surprise that a pontoon corps should have remained so long undetermined on after so many discussions of it. One would imagine that the unfortunate affair of the Chumbul under Colonel Monson (27 years since) would have pointed out the necessity, and have given time tor the introduction of some plan that would have rendered the movement of our troops a matter of less difficulty than it is even at this late period, when so many experiments have been tried, and succeeded by no regular plan. I do not conceive I am in the slightest degree deviating from a correct idea of the question by objecting to the sappers and miners as a separate corps, as I am perfectly convinced that the class of men so employed, if taken from the pioneers, would soon be instructed in everything necessary for them to know, and which they would soon perform with equal dexterity as the present corps of sappers, who ai-e working and constantly trying expensive experiments, the art of which is well known to every engineer officer, and could easily be comnmnicated. Their expense is a dead loss to the Government in time of peace, of which the Honourable Court seemed sensible in their letter of the 25th November, 1823, to the supreme Government. The proposed arrangement just introduced at Bombay will meet the Court's wishes, by making them form a component part of the useful corps of pioneers, to consist of eight or ten companies of one hundred and twenty rank and file each, who would thus become more perfect in their own duties of road-making, constructing small bridges, with the additional knowledge of making mines, fascines, and gabions, &c. &,c. Twenty in each company might be trained as sappers and miners by the European officers for the more difficult and scientific parts of their duty as above mentioned ; and under these circumstances the commanding officer and one half of the subalterns should be engineers, and the adjutant, and the other half of the subalterns, should be infantry ojjiccrs, to introduce and conduct lor a time the usual regimental duties, with which engineers cannot be supposed to be so intimately acquainted. One com))any to be attached to each division of the army inider the Quarter Master-general's department, and the others to form the head-quarters of the corps, ami be disposable tor the usual routine of the service. The 47 proposition, if adopted, will prove a saving ; since, though it will increase the men to one hundred and sixty, or rupees 1,140 jicr annum, in the pioneers, it will diminish all charges ot the sappers, amounting to rupees 7,000; as the officers will be the same both with respect to numbers and allowances, and the utility and efficiency of a corps formed upon such principles must be too obvious to require being dwelt upon. If the same rule were ajjplied to Bengal and Madras, considerable reductions would be effected, without any detriment to the jiublic service ; on the contrary, it would lead to that uniformity of system and action, producing benefits on the widest scale, that are well known to those accustomed to contemplate questions like this so intimately connected with the effective state of a well equipped army. I am much afraid that my anxiety upon so important a point as this has led me to express opinions not only strong in themselves, but contrary probably to the received notions of others of greater experience and judgement than myself: however, I hope my readiness to explain will, in some measure, be interpreted as having but one motive in stating objections ; as all I aim at is to show that the combination of science and practical labour by the two corps being in one, and working under one head and on one system, scientifically directed, would produce by their joint efforts those results that might reasonably be expected from such an union. By this I think it will be seen that I do not deny the utility of sappers and miners, but only object to them in a separate state. The corps having all engineers ultimately is as it should be: all that I contend for is, that in its infancy engineers themselves require being taught regi- mental dutv. And who is to do it? The artillery officers cannot be adduced as a parallel case, as they are taught discipline and regimental duty from the day they join their regiment. The engineers are a staff scientific body to act and superintend separately and individually. No man can have a higher opinion of engineers than I have, but my object is to keep them in their own sphere as directors and not executives. Were every one of them carried through Colonel Pas- ley's system of regimental as well as engineer duties, the question would be at rest. But the system was not that, nor had they any men or companies to attend to in their interior ceconomy as regimental officers. The late orders dii'ecting all young engineer officers to be attached to the sappers and miners in the first instance is the most effective mode of rendering them regimental officers: and whatever may be an individual's talents and education, discipline will never injure them, but on the contrary assist their development and chasten their action. Military Board. Bengal . . . Rupees 57,016 Salaries 88,140 Establishment. Madras 29,160 . . . 36,183 Bombay 15,603 . . . 14,040 The item for establishment for Bengal I shall first discuss, as the largest sum*, though it may be replied that it provides for and conducts a very great part of the military expenditure of the army ; which, however, is hardly a good argument for such an enormous charge, three times as much as at Madras, and eight times as much as at Bombayf ; while it is well known that the business is tardily done. Much of this expense arises from the high pay given to examiners, accountants and drafts- nren, the first of whom, properly speaking, belong to the auditor-general's office, and the latter to the Chief Engineer's office ; in the former of which the auditing of all the army expenditure, including depots, &c. should take place, and in the latter the plans of edifices. Sec. should be di'awn. For the duty of the engineer money-bills and plans, there appear to be nineteen writers and two draftsmen, besides twenty-four writers for the Ordnance department, and thirty-two for general and current duties. The effects of this accumulation cannot escape remark, and must be perfecdy evident to any one in the slightest degree conversant with business. It would probably be found, that a very considerable reduction in work and expense would take place if the business of the department was properly distributed ; for even the Secretary himself has been known repeatedly to complain of the load of business on his hands, which made him propose bodi an increase of salary and being constituted a member of the Board. But in a Report of this kind it can only be pointed out, wanting room for many details; for it must be obvious to any one acquainted widi the existing system, that an overcharged machine of this description cannot work with that facility that it would do if its several branches were carefully disposed of into dieir natural hands. An examination of this immense department, which in process of time, and the accumulating spirit of its officers, became a general board of works and expenditure, produces the conviction that a complete reform of it must at some time follow, from the posiUon in which it is now placed, and to which it was gradually brought by those who influenced its powers. * About one crore and 9 or 11 lacs. t Ttiis estimate includes the extra contingent charge, 48 The Military Board at Calcutta was, no doubt, first intended as a Board of primary exami' nation and check and control,- it has been transformed into a department of expenditure: for the Commissariat, amongst other sums that it carries to its own credit, debits the Militajy Board 349,511 rupees, the Barrack with 354,747, and the department of Public Works with 43,331. Though all these departments are under its control, notwithstanding the large sum against the barrack department, the engineer progress Reports exhibit charges by the several barrack-masters for barrack furniture. This fact alone would be sufficient to show the impracticabilitj' almost of ascertaining the real aggregate amount of the expenditure of any single branch ; and it appears at the same time that the constituted officer of Government, the Auditor-general, never has these accounts submitted to him but as a member of the jNIilitary Board. It is true that the Secretary has part of the duties of the Auditor-general, Commissary- general, Quarter Master-general, and Chief Engineer to perform : while at the other Presi- dencies they leave the head of every department to be amenable for everything relating to themselves, except orders; which is decidedly the most advisable plan to lessen expense, faci- litate business, and give greater security. The number of secretaries, and their various occupations under the name of accountants and joint secretary, would have their business lessened, and might become not so necessary, when the military Auditor-general has the examination of the accounts of the Commissariat, engineers, &c. relating to money matters, and the Commissary-general his own returns. This I imagine would be the most advantageous for Government, rendering officers responsi- ble under proper assurance ; besides, as it exists at present it is a species of anomaly, for an officer of the rank of Colonel, at the head of such an immense department as the Commissa- riat, or of any of the other great departments, to be in fact subject to the check and control of any of the secretaries to the ISIilitar}- Board, who may be a Captain in the army, who takes no oath, while the Auditor-general does, when auditing contingencies hardly more extensive. The same remark applies in this place as to the agencies*, on the score of the com- plicated mode of keeping accounts. The consequence is the unavoidable evil of arrears. The agents pay themselves and the whole amount of their agencies, being subject to the examination of one of the secretaries of the Militarv Board, though the Board are ostensibly the controllers. But how is it possible that the Board can do justice to the Government, when two of its members, the Adjutant and Quarter Master-generals, are almost always absent on tours, and the other members have abundance to engage them in their own line : for instance, the commandant of artillerj' lives at Dum Dum ; the chief engineer has much to attend to ; and the Auditor-general must be fully occupied with his own business, if he attends to it properly. Consequently the authority falls into the hands of a Secretary-, who conducts the whole in the name of the Board, and is an iiresponsible person, the Board being a body, and he merely their organ for communication. The audit officer is consequently completely relieved from the most arduous and difficult part of his business, that of auditing the contingent accounts of the departments of the greatest expen- diture, viz. the Commissariat, Ordnance, Manufactory of Gun-carriage and Gunpowder, the whole of the Building department, called the Department of Public Works, and Stud, both horsesand cattle, and Barrack department; in short, every department in Bengal appears under the control of the Military Board, who both order the expenditure and audit the accounts. The result therefore of this accumulation of business into the hands of almost one person must be clear ; — the public accounts fall into confusion, or must be made up by estimation ; though nominally brought up annually at an additional charge for secretaries, assistants, and clerks in the office, of 58,000 rupees ]]er annum\. If a further proof be required of tlie state of the accounts, 1 think it would be found on a reference to the supply of timber for the gun-carriage agency, though the accounts of that department are annually sent home as properly arranged. These objections, serious as they may appear, are not the only ones to this system from the want of simplification, which would prevent the subdividing the expenditure into so many heads and offices, that makes it next to impossible to collect and ascertain the real sums expended ; for it mixes up the receipt and value of European stores with the outlay of cash in India; it therefore places in reality what check and control exists over these enormous sums, in the hands of a very few if not a single individual, who are required neither to take an oath nor give security. — I may be putting the case in a very strong light, but the fact suggests itself from a view of the difference of situation of the controllers of these departments, in reality to the extent of hundreds of lacs, being irresponsible; while the liome authorities deemed it proper both that the Auditor-general and Commissary-general should be under • Gun carriage and gunpowder. t Engineer, &c 15833 12 Ditto establishment 627- 9 Commissariat, &c 24360 Secretary and Accountant 12000 58466 5 40 assurances, and that security is demanded from a Paymaster, whose outlay may be only from three to five thousand rupees per mensem. It certainly appeared to nic, as a member of the Finance Committee, after a careful examination of the mode of conducting accounts and busi- ness, that it was confused, laborious ami complicated. No proposition can be made to substitute any system to rectify these inconveniences, except by a (reneral reform that would relieve the INIilitary Hoard from its overwIiuliiiiMfr (jiiantitv of, business, which arose probably from a sup])osed convenience of assembling the conirol ot the different branches of the service into its own hands, that belonj^ed to other departments ; but a new system would, by distribution, regulate the duties by placing them untler their proper heads: it would also make the chiefs of the several departments responsible for their own lines, and entirely divest the Military Board of the mixed and incompatible character aiul authority of both ordering the outlay of money, and the auditing of the expenditure ultimately. There is one thing that I have not touched upon, which would, I should imagine, inmie- diately attract the attention oi" the higher authorities, if the discussion of the power of this Board ever came muler their notice. The opinions of the Military Hoard, as a congregated number of individuals, are allowed the weight of those of a body, and are, \vhen sent to England, admitted as such, whether in cases of financial ccconomy or as distantly affecting even discipline itself, and are sometimes opposed to those of the Government themselves ; though in iact, when inquired into, they would prove to be the sentiments of single individuals. This could of course be illustrated by attending to the practice and decisions on the recorils of all the Military Boards at various times ; but this defect in its constitution the Military Hoard at Calcutta has only in common with those established at Madras and Bombay. In conclusion to these details upon a subject of such moment, it will probably be expected that some observations should follow on a step so intimately connected with the spirit of it, as the experimental measure of the abolition of this Hoard at Bombay. As the question had been most deeply considered by the Honourable the Governor of that Presidency, and fully detailed in his several minutes, proposing the ceasing of the existence of that Board, at the same time that he afforded a clear exposition of its history and powers, I am led to imagine that a laboured description will prove less acce))table than a condensed state- ment of the arguments and reasons that influenced the dissolution of a Board of so old a date througliout India. TheHonourableCourtthemselves appear longsince to have been inclined to the opinion, which seems to have been present to the mind of the Governor, and mainly to have been the primary cause of inducing him to effect what may certainly rather be considered a reformation of a system than the abolition of any particular functions exercised by the Board themselves, or their effective powers, by consigning the performance of their duties to individuals, accompa- nied by a certain degree of responsibility, which in a collective state was never direct and effectual on any one; the inconvenience of which was occasionally felt by Government, when a diversity of opinions was maintained. I conceive, therefore, that the quoting of the above alluded-to sentiments expressed by the home authorities and the Honourable the Governor of Bombay will sufficiently elucidate the arguments on which so material a reform on the leading points of a great branch of the public service, as to responsibihty, check and control, of all its principal departments, has been effected . " Whether Boards are the fittest instruments either of improvement or control, and whether both objects might not be more effectually attained by iiulividual agency, — it is a common but true observation, that responsibility is lessened by being divided ; and there is, we believe, no doubt that more business can be done by the same numbers of persons acting sepa- rately than in conjunction. " If the business is not divided, it can hardly fail of being impeded in its course by incom- patible tempers, conflicting opinions, and the frequent occurrence of useless discussions. *' Nor do we overlook the consideration, that where great interests are not at stake, and important trusts are reposed, it is not always expedient that they shoidd be committed to the intelligence and probity of a single individual, even under the check of subordinate function- aries : but we nevertheless think it deserving of mature consideration, upon which side the balance of advantage upon the whole preponderates *. " No reasoning can more strictly apply than that which the Court of Directors have used on this occasion to the Military Board of this Presidency, which has had large, and I may add, in many cases, undefined duties allotted to it. " It is the defect of offices, and one that grows with the multiplication of their labom-s, that attention to forms and to the exact fulfilment of their necessary and relative duties supersedes in a great degree the higher objects of their establishment. " But in examining the subject closely, it will be found that as the army of diis Presidency increased, the duties of the dillerent heads of departments have increased to a degree that • Honourable Court. H 50 limited them more and more to particular lines, and made it almost impossible for them to give their attention to the general question that came before the Board. " My conviction is, that tiie object will be frustrated and not forwarded by tlie multiplication of checks, forms and vouchers, and by everything that creates delays injurious to the service, while it lessens direct responsibility and piompt audit. " This is not stated in derogation of the INIilitary Board. It has been in my opinion a better course than if useless discussions and controversies had impeded its proceedings. ■' The same observations apply in a great degree to the Chief Engineer and Commandant of Artillery, who having the sanction of the Board given to all their measures, become almost irresponsible heads of offices, instead of being directly amenable to Government for the con- duct of their respective departments*." These, and many other reasons of equal cogency, are stated bj- the Honourable the Gover- nor, for the adoption of a measure so replete with efficiency for the separate and effisctual work- ing of so great a machine, the connection of the several parts of which with each other was main- tained by no apparent necessity, as each of the individuals was the head of some principal corps or great department, who in his own line had abundance to occupy both his mind and his time, without forming one of a body, which when assembled could outvote him on any given subject that he perhaps was solely qualified to judge of, and might also afterwards be made responsi- ble for the execution of a measure he had decidedlj- disapproved of. At any rate, supposing the case to be reversed, and that a mutual confidence and reliance in each other's talents and information subsisted amongst the members, inconconvenience still arises, particularly to the higher authorities; the Board then acquiesce in or devolve their collective duty of decision on one person, whose single opinion is to be presented to their superiors with the force of that of an assembled bodv. The argument goes further ; for the Board being composed of the heads of departments and corps, has a consequence from its constitution that is on many grounds objectionable. Its opinions on every subject, and sometimes on military points of importance, are occasionally opposed to those of Government, and even to those of its President, the Com- mander-in-chief. Such collision, if the expression be admitted, must, in the forcible language of the Honourable the Governor, have the effect of placing Government in the situation which exposes it to the dilemma of an apparent difference of opinion, on a military question, with a Board composed of all the principal military staff of the army, with the Commander-in-Chief as its President, " who again in his turn," as the Honourable the Governor observes, it would " be unseemlj- to have in frequent controversy with his own staff; and it is adverse to the principle on which the Board is constituted, to have any of its members act in a spirit of deference to the President," and exhibit the anomalous consequences of the head of the army being held in opposition of sentiment to his own immediate general staff and confidential advisers. It may be now requisite to afford a short sketch of the distinct manner in which the per- formance of the duties of the Military Board is provided for, by ascribing to each officer the re- lative duties of his own department or corps, pointing out the channel of communication widi the ultimate authority and the controlling superintendence the officers themselves have over the trans- actions of their own lines of service, for the due and correct attainment of which they ai"e held directly res])onsible to the Government. The Honourable the Governor then proceeds to state: — • " The Quarter-master-general and Adjutant-general are officers of his (the Commander- iri-Chiers) staffs, and liable from his visit to the different stations of the army to be frequently absent from the Presidency. " Not only the heads, but the different branches of the service will have their character asso- ciated with the success of a system which reposes a confidence which cannot be abused by an individual, without in some degree implicating the branch of the army to which he belongs. Bv the late orders of Government, the Commissary-general is unfettered as far as regards his detail duties, and vested with authority for conducting his own dejiartnient, the supplemen- tary regulations for that officer's guidance, as regards the making of all su|iplies. " The Commandant of Artillery might be vested with authority to control all matters con- nected with the ordnance department, exercising his power over the grand arsenal, gun-car- riages, and guni)owder departments, holding himself responsible to Government for regulating everything connected therewith. " The Chief Engineer in like manner, and upon the same principle, might be vested with authority for controlling all matters connected with estimates for buildings, repairs, &c. " The Auditor-general to be responsible to Government for conducting matters connected with the contingent expenditure ; and he may forward his contingent lists to that autliority direct, instead of laying them, as he has hitherto done, before the Military Board. " Tlie Quarter-majter-general also may be invested with authority for regulating (under the orders of His Excellency the Commander-in-chief) everything connected with his and the bar- rack departments, for the purpose of being submitted to Government. " Such responsibility being established, all the correspondence and vouchers now received at • Honourable the Governor. 51 the Military Board would be tlirovvn into direct channels, and notliinrr would remain but the audit and account departnieiit of stores, which could be bettor perlbnned by a dej)uty secretary anil auditor of ordnance returns and stores, subordinate to the Secretary to Government in the military department." Exclusive of these considerations, the objects for which the Military Board was originally constituted have in a jjreat tiegree ceased, or its powers of action become so overloaded by the increase of business, from circumstances and events that could nut be held even in remote contemplation of jiossible occurrence, that it must gradually have sunk into a mere Board of examination of detail, or have enlarged into the unwieldy size and unmanageable state of tile one in Bengal. To conclude this head without noticing the Military P.oard at Madras may be looked upon as a kind of omission, particularly as the Govcrnnieiu of that Presidency entrusts a verv lar^e portion of authority to that body, as far as regards sujjcrintending and regulating the depart- ments of the army. But as the system upon which it proceeds is strictly similar to that of Bombay, no distinct descri]ition, it is obvious, can be re()uired, beyond that of describing it as such, except the necessity that arises of alluding to the evils connected with its mode of pro- cedure being the same as those pointed out as existing in the one at Bombay, and ori Depots for reserve ammunition. ■■'^'.'■'•"l Ahmedabad. <^ ,^'-".'^^"' [ , ,.'■, •', ^ . ^ ■ '. . . > Ahmcdnuffsur.< eu i ( supply ot the troops at the station. Division. J oo ^ Sholapore, J ' ' •' ' (_Sattara, Reserve ammunition. Southern \ r> i / Darwar, \ As an entrepot to Belgaum and a small supply for the Division. / ° ' ' \ Vingorla, J troops at the station. " Besides the above, I would propose that the depot at Booj be kept uji, though on a very reduced scale. In Guzerat, Broach has been abolished. The establishments may be divided as follows : — Commissioned officer. Corps of Store Lascars. Warrant officer. Permanent artificers. " The commissioned officers are at present as follows: — {One Senior Commissary of Stores. One Senior Deputy Commissary of Stores. One Junior Deputy Commissar}' of Stores. Surat Division. One Commissary of Stores. ■n -r\- ■ ■ f One Commissary of Stores. Poona Division. \ r\ t>, . r^ ■ c a. (^ One Deputy Commissary ot Stoi'es. Southern Concan. A Subaltern of Artillery on Deputy Commissary allowances. " If to this establishment be added that required for Belgaum, there will be no less than five commissaries of stores, and four deputy commissaries of stores ; whereas by the distribution of arsenals which I have proposed, there will be, including Belgaum only, four commissaries of stores, and four deputy commissaries of stores, with a corresponding reduction in all the other branches of the ordnance establishment, as follows : — {One Commissary of Stores. One Senior Deputy Commissary of Stores. One Junior Deputy Commissary of Stores. T.T .^ T\- • ■ f One Commissary of Stores. Northern Division. \ r\ w . r- ■ re. „ (^ One Deputy Commissary ot btores. _ T-> • ■ ■ r One Commissary of Stores. Poona Division. ■{ r^ t\ ^ r^ ■ re* (^ One Deputy Commissary ot Stores. Southern Division. One Commissary of Stores. " The subject of the low rates of staff allowances at present received by the officers of the ordnance department has been brought under consideration by the Commandant of Artillery, who has suggested that they should be made in some degree proportional to the responsibility incurred ; and that these officers should be placed more upon an e(]uality with those of Bengal and Madras, and with officers of the General Commissariat of this Presidency, the pay at present being as follows : — Commissary of Stores, Bombay Rupees 833 1 33 Senior Deputy Commissary of Stores, Bombay and Qutstation Com- missaries too Deputy Commissary of Stores 200 " The classification proposed by the Commandant of Artillery is as follows : — Senior Commissary of Stores Rupees 1000 First Class Commissary 650 Second Class Commissary 'l-'O Deputy Commissary '-^50 « Without at present going further into the plan proposed by the Commandant of Artillery, I may observe that in so limited a department as this, it does not appear desirable to divide the officers into so many classes. It may however be observed, that until very lately the pay of the senior commissary was nearly what is proposed by the Commuiulant ot Artillery, but was reduced to the present amount by the abolition of the oil-reckonings previously lirawn by the senior commissary of stores, as commandant of the corps of Store Lascars. The new arrange- ment involves a greater degree of responsibility ami trouble than at present, a responsibility which under the improved system of control lately established, will be felt to be real and immediate. 54 Upon these grounds, therefore, no less than that of placing full ordnance commissaries under this Presidency more upon an equality with those holding inferior charges in the same depart- ment at Bengal and Madras, and also with the assistants in the General Commissariat, I con- ceive the representation of the Commandant of Artillery to merit attention, although the classi- fication and rates of paj* which he proposes may not be approved of to their full extent. " The ofiicers in the ordnance stores department are collectively entrusted with public stores and dead stock, amounting to about rupees 102,59,469*, and they conduct the issue and expendi- ture of them to the average amount of about rupees 65,?, 192 f annually, besides disbursement in their own departments for artificers, and in other departments for country articles to a conside- rable extent. When all these circumstances are considered, I do not think the present rates of pay at all adequate ; they are much below those of the other Presidencies holding similar charges, with less responsibility. " In all departments having an extensive dead stock in charge, frequent changes and removal should as much as possible be guarded against, — a consideration which strengthens the argument in favour of a small increase to the present pay of ordnance commissaries, whose situation should be made so permanent as to remove the probability of an officer's relinquishing his ap- pointment at an}' time for a temporary command, to which by seniority they so frequently be- come entitled, by which the service would be deprived of the valuable aid of officers, in a de- partment which, above all others, requires the professional qualification of a vigilant and expe- rienced superintendant. " I would therefore propose as follows : — Senior Commissary of Stores Rupees J, 000 Senior Deputy at Bombay, and outstation Commissary of Stores 500 Deputy Commissaries of Stores 250 Which classification gives to each a similar proportion of allowances to that of the present system, the subordinates being paid respectively one half and one fourth of the pay of the senior. And as the duty and the interest of a responsible officer should never be placed at vari- ance, I further suggest, that full batta at all times should be given to the full commissaries in Guzerat and the Deccan, who are constantly liable to sudden unexpected calls to attend the divisional commanding officer, the Commandant of Artillery, and the inspecting field officer of artillery in the province, in their inspection of the widely scattered depots of those divisions, besides making tours ot private inspection at other times themselves. " It has been fully ascertained that the half batta granted to these officers whilst thus de- tached is not sufficient to pay for their divided establishment, so that their travelling expenses at present fall on their personal allowances ; and it can be no matter of surprise if in this case the chief object of such periodical visits of an ordnance commissary should be defeated by the anxiety he cannot but feel to return to his station. " To such visits of inspection, as much as to anything else that can be devised, must we look for a high degree of efficiency in all the subordinate departments, combined with the exercise of the most rigid ceconomy ; the absence of which, if observable heretofore, must be traced more to the defect of the system than in the character of the individual. For the inspecting field officer of artillery in the ])rovince will personally inspect the whole of the depots annually, and exercise a general control over their expenditure. " The increase of expense- attending the measure I have proposed will be more than covered bv the reorganization of the other branches of the ordnance establishments, as will presently be shown ; but the measure rests on its own merits. And though there may not perhaps be any one item of saving attending it at first sight visible, I do not hesitate to assert my belief, that inde- pLMidently of the equity of the arrangement, in the operation of the system it will be found not only efficient but most occonomical to Government. " The visits of the full commissaries to his subordinate stations should be strictly obligatory, and when practicable once a (]uarter; and confidential reports of the actual state of these ilepots siiould be made to the Commandant of Artillery, which will secure Government against those losses to which it has hitherto, and may hereafter continue subject, from the youth and inexpe- rience of officers in charge, unless this measure is adojHed and strictly enforced. " The next subject for consideration is tlie establishment of warrant officers for the ordnance department. These at present consist of 19 Conductors, on rupees 90 each : — 21^ Sub-Conductors, rupees 40 each. "There can be no question about the necessity of securing men of respectability of character and qualification for the situation of warrant officers in the ordnance department; for the best system and the most judicious arrangement of a conmiissary would be thrown away unless fol- • Balance in hand 1828-29. t Expended in 1826-27 rupees .'■)7.3,8.37,2,l.-{ l«27-28 rupees 745,8fi7,l,()0 1828-2!) rupees G,")l,872,.3,31 As per Records in Military Board's Office. 55 lowcil up by those wlio form the connecting link between the superior and liis establishmeiil, and notiiiuf; siioulti be omitted that wouki tend to excite them to ])erseverance in a uiiitbrni course of tliligence and integrity. They are Iretjuently left in temporary charge of depots, where they are re()uired to keep the accounts and to act to a great extent as a commissioned ordnance commissary ; whilst their present rank and pay afford no security for those qualifica- tions which the public service expect from them. " The Commaiidnnt of Artillery proposes to create a superior class of warrant officers, under the designation of 'Deputy Assistant Commissary of Ordnance,' to divide the conductor into two distinct classes, and to raise the pay of the whole as follows: Deputy Assistant Commissary . . . Rupees 275 (above Lieut.) 1st Class Conductor 200 (above Ensigns.) 2nd Class Conductor 120 E. F. Sub-Conductor 85 " Besides the serious objection to raising this class of men upon an equality, with and even above, the commissioned officers of the army, whose mode of living and situation in life are so different, and the inexpediency of entailing such an increase of expense in the present state of our financial embarrassments, I should consider the class of men who rise to these situations amply rewarded by a more moderate scale of allowances. I would therefore propose a classifi- cation of the warrant officers of the following kind, the aggregate of whose pay will be somewhat less than that at present drawn by the whole body. Garrison. Field. .3 Deputy Assistant Commissaries of Ordnance . . Rupees 1 50 225 6 Senior Conductors (as at present) 901 Field Balta 9 Junior Conductors (not affecting present incumbents) . . 70> as at 24 Sub-Conductors (as at present) 403 present. " For the greater efficiency of these classes, I would propose that the qualification of the highest rank be fixed in such a manner as would exclude all but those of the first qualifications of real merit and of intelligence, from amongst the class of conductors; and that in future all warrant officers on their first nomination to the department be required to attend the artillery depot of instructions, to complete their qualification for office. " The director of the depot might also be required to prepare a course of such practical in- structions for the sanction of Government, to be forwarded by the Commandant of Artillery to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief " I come next to the corps of Store Lascars, which consists of nine companies, attached to the arsenal, and one complete company belonging to the establishment of the gun-carriage manufac- tory, as follows: — Attached to Arsenals. Gun Carriage Manufactory. Total Strength. Rank. Present Garrison Monthly Pay. 9 27 27 603 5 1 3 3 70 1 10 30 30 673 6 Syrangs . . 1st Tindals . 2nd Tindals Lascars. . . Bheesties . . 24- 2 10 2 8 3 7 7 2 85 " The object of burthening the state with fixed establishments of any kind is eventuallv to secure the more efficient and faithful performance of the duties required from them ; and so long, and so long only, as these ends are secured, does it consist witii sound policy to retain them. " But in a case like the present, this must depend on the nature of the works and the degree of instruction and experience required in those who liave to perform. Cases may also occur, where from local causes it is more ceconomical to employ Store Lascars than labourers. It is only necessary, in order to show this, to advert to the case of the gun-carriage manufactorj- at Bombay in the year 1816—17, whose expenses were actually diminished more than ten thousand rupees annually, by the augmentation of the detail of Store Lascars attached to it, to a complete com- pany ; and the consequent discharge of the Nowgunnies or bamboo Coolies. " Reductions therefore in this branch should be approached with considerable caution, or they may be found eventually to involve increase of expense to Government : and I confess that were the present widely scattered state of the arsenals under this Presidency to remain unaltered, I should have great hesitation in proposing any material change in the establishment of Store Lascars. I feel assured that the reduction of one third of the present strength of the corps of Store Lascars, and three fourths of the permanent establishment of artificers, maj- be effected without impairing the efficiency of this branch of the service. " It may be objected that the peculiar nature of the work carried on in arsenals, requires pre- vious instruction and experience, which it would be unsafe to entrust to the ignorant day- 56 labourer taken from the town or bazar for the occasion ; — that packing and transporting ord- nance stores, and other military equipments, render an establishment of Store Lascars and arti- ficers not merely necessary, but even the most oeconomical. " I mean to leave the principal depots, where the work above described is chiefly carried on, with such an establishment as would in this respect preserve them efficient ; whilst all inferior and subordinate stations are reduced to a scale more proportionate to the limited nature of the work, which under the new system will devolve upon them. " The proposal for the revised distribution of arsenals being adopted, I would reduce the nine companies of Store Lascars attached to arsenals to six ; and considering the diminished demands on the gun-carriage manufactory, those belonging to its establishment to the number shown in the annexed table of fixed artificers, allowing the supernumeraries to be absorbed by vacancies. " The issue of clothing to the whole corps to be biennial, instead of annual as at present. No batta to be allowed except when actually marching, or in the field. And observing a just distinction in this as in all other points between those who are actually fighting men and such as come more under the character of followers or artificers, I would reduce their pension as follows : Those of 20 years' service, and not reaching 25 years, half-pay. 25 ditto ditto 30 years, two-thirds paj-. 30 years and upwards three-fourths pay ; leaving cases of wounds or other extraordinary claims in the service, to form subjects of the special consideration of Government. And further, I would effect a classification throughout the corps of Store Lascars as follows: — Rank. Syrangs . . 1st Tindals. 2nd Tindals Lascars. . . Bheesties . . Class. {i { { Period of Service. Proposed | Present [Monthly Pay-! Monthly Pay. After 10 years' service as Syrangs • After 6 ditto ditto . . . Under 6 ditto ditto . . • After lOyears' service as 1st Tindal . After 6 ditto ditto . . . Under 6 ditto ditto . . . After 10 years' service as 2nd Tindal After 6 ditto ditto . . . Under 6 ditto ditto . . . .'\fter 10 years' service Under 10 ditto 26 24 22 11 10 9 2 9 8 2 8 i 6 7 1 24 21 2 10 2 8 3 7 7 2 48 " The aggregate saving effected by this classification alone amounts annually to rupees 3,309. With the present strength, and on the absorption of the supernumeraries and the decrease of the charge of clothintj, it will amount as follows: — To pay, jn^r annum Rupees 20,783 2 20 Clothing of supernumeraries 1,718 2 20 Biennial clothing and annually to reduced establishment 1,718 2 20 About rupees, p«- annum 24,220 2 60 Not including the saving on the reduction in the Lascars of the gun-carriage department, about 2000 rupees annually. " But the principal object gained in this classification is, that of holding out inducements to all ranks to remain in the service from the prospect of increase of pay in each rank, which will tend to check the disposition felt by many, on attaining a certain rank, to retire on their pension upon the frivolous or ill-grounded complaint of infii'mity or superannuation. " The extra pay to each class should be considered ' working jiay.' To be withheld on a certificate against a man's name in the muster roll, bearing the signature of the commissioned officer in cliarge of the department, showing his misconduct, indolence, or incapacity. " I am borne out in this belief from the experience obtained in the corps of royal sapjiers and miners, and of the royal artificers in England, where this system in a modified degree obtains, and has been found to realize the objects proposed from its adoption. " The only remaining branch of the subject requiring consideration is that of the permanent establishment of artificers for arsenals and depots of stores. " The existing proportion was fixed by Government in general orders on the 28th of Febru- ary 1828, merely under the supposition that each depot was to depend chiefly, if not solely, for its resources upon its own means. I have made myself acquainted with the resources of every military station, and I am quite satisfied that besides other advantages, this measure will give an encouragement to mechanics of every description, that will tend generally to the im- provement of the useful arts throughout our provinces. I conceive, however, the present tran- 57 quil state of the country, and the reduction of otlier e-.tal)lisliments, liave left the principal sta- tions abundantly supplied with all the ordinary kind of artificers, sucii as carpenters, smiths, tailors, &c. And that an establishment of such workmen need no longer be kept up, except- ing in the field or in such peculiar situations as can be made special exceptions to tlie general rule, I would therefore reduce all the establishments in the ordnance de|)artment down to the very lowest scale, merely retaining mestries as responsible men attached to each arsenal, leavinnr others to be taken up as occasion may require upon sanctioned estimates : and should this re- duction be found on trial to be attended at any jiarticular station with inconvenience to the service, the present system can at any time be partially restored on a special representation to Government, tiie necessity for which however I do not anticipate. «' I am borne out in my conviction of the practicability of this system, from the fact, that throughout the whole of the executive engineer departments, there are no perniatienl artificers kept up, with the exccjition of mestries or head men of each kind, by whom work-)ieojile are en- tertained whenever repairs or other work may retjuire their assistance, and no difficulty has yet been experienced in those departments from the ojicration of this system. " Profiting therefore by this experiment, the adoption of a similar system in the ordnance department may be attempted with the solitary exception of the gun-carriage manufactory, whei'e considerable previous instruction is necessary to mnke expert workmen. The ]iarticular allotmentof artificers for each arsenal may be entrusted to the discretion of the Connnandant of Artillery. " Until the year 1827 there does not appear to have been any regularly fixed proportion of reserve ordnance for the out-stations of this Presidency, which were up to that period supplied as circumstances seemed to require it, at the discretion of officers selected for jiarticular com- mands ; and on the termination of the service for which these stores were required, they were lodged generally in the most convenient arsenal. In the year 1827, however, a proportion of reserve ordnance was framed by the late Commander-in-Chief, and received the sanction of Government. " From a review of existing political relations, however, I have no hesitation in stating my feelings, in which I have the concurrence of His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief, that this proportion may be considerably reduced with advantage to the service and with regard to the change of arsenals and depots. It is my ojiinion that no inunediate expense need be incurred in the removal of surplus ordnance from any station where it may no longer be required, merely on the ground of fulfilling the objects of the new distribution. Gun-carriages, for instance, had better for the present remain where they have cover than be brought where there is none, and expenses incurred in erecting sheds, for which there is no urgent necessity ; but I should ob- serve to refer the subject of gradually carrying into execution the charges in the proportion of reserve ordnance to His Excellency the Commander-in-Chief. " The only use of this fixed proportion of stores being to regulate out-station commissaries of ordnance in their demands for annual supplies of stores from the grantl arsenal at the Pre- sidency, and from the local Commissariat, the Commandant of Artillery may be instructed to prepare a revised proportion of stores for the sanction of Government, framed upon the new distribution of arsenals now proposed*." This full development of the reorganization of this department requires no comments, and therefore leads me to another part of the question, in which no scientific knowledge is requisite, though much attention is necessary to provide and superintend those employed in the line ; — as Ordnance Drivers which are certainly in peace time a most unnecessary expense, and to retain a large establishment on the pay and immunities of fighting men, as an annual permanent outla}-, is carrying the notion of efficiencv to an extravagant lennth : — their clothiufr alone costs a large sum. Few things are better understood than the common art of driving a pair of bullocks in India; or where there is greater abundance of that class of persons, whom the usual pay of the Government always commands ; and the necessity' of retaining an organized body of this description cannot be defended at so heavy an expense, on the plea of their being disciplined ; for they neither can nor do drive a bit better than the counnon cart drivers, from whom indeed they are recruited. Besides, their pay, exclusive of other contingencies, is only half a rupee less than that of a regular soldier at Madras: anil under this impression it might be abolishe dwith great ju'opriety and saving to the State. I think the retaining of mules for foot artillery has been proved inefficient, as the experiment was tried at Bombay by Sir Charles Colville, who expected these animals from Persia to be equal to those of Spain, which they are in their natural (jualities of hardihood and pace, but not in point of size, to afford a counter-balancing weight to the guns they ilraw ; for it is well known that light cattle are unequal to heavy weights. 'I'here is another objection to them ; not being natives of India, they cannot be replaced on field service, and in times of peace they are two * The Tables of Practice Ammunition, &e. will be found in the Appeiiilis. I 58 tliirds as expensive as a liorse, without his strength and activity, and buta httle better than good draft bullocks of the country. Hardly any circumstances can warrant keeping up these foreign cattle, especially as in all the past warfare in India, bullocks have answered every common purpose for foot artillery, and will continue to do so, no doubt, in future. If any aid is required, cart-horses, and the common coarse ones of the country that are not sufficiently active for cavalry, would supply every defect of the bullock. It appears by an official statement at Bombay, that allowing the proportionate numbers of horses, mules, and bullocks for a light six-pounder, the expense was as follows : — Pay and clothing to artillery-men, grain and forage, syees, harness, head and heel rope, remount of six horses in draft, and one spare monthly 235 Expense as above for nine mules 222 1 66 Expenseof twelve bullocks hired , 96 It is therefore evident that mules are 126 rupees per month dearer than bullocks, besides their original cost of 250 rupees each; and that horses are 12 rupees 2 annas dearer than mules, and 139 dearer than bullocks. That the plan has fallen into disuse is not to be wondered at; for there are few things on the head of military equipments which should be more carefully studied than the idea of procuring and adapting the productions and animals of a country to every possible military purpose. Our peculiar situation in India points out the necessity of this measure more than may be requisite in regard to other states ; for where is there so great a variety of people, surface of country, and various kinds of animals adapted, sometimes only to particular situations, and indeed districts? for instance, in a warfare in Malabar, horses are little required, and camels quite useless: — but how diffi^rent is the case when we approach the arid deserts of the north-western frontier of Mewar, and the bank of the Indias ! The heavy guns and light field-pieces at Madras and Bombay are in charge of the officers of artillery at the several stations, and the ordnance stores under the charge of the commissary of stores, who of course has the station magazine also under him ; while at Bengal, separate and expensive establishments, under the denomination of the light field batteries, are retained, which, except to relieve the artillery officers of their proper duties, it is difficult to understand the su- perior use of, and could with great propriety be dispensed with as a superfluous expense. It appears that an organized corps of artificers is retained at Madras at a permanent expense, the necessity for which is difficult to be explained ; while the other Presidencies provide artificers e()ually skilful at the ordinary rates paid by Government, without any institutions of such a nature. Practice Ammunition. A singular difference is observable relative to a subject that one would suppose it almost im- possible that any could exist in ; for it appears by the late orders, that all the Presidencies, not- withstanding the trouble that has been taken upon this score, are not alike; and that the pro- jiortion of ammunition for annual practice, though reduced for the several descriptions of troops, jtill requires to be regulated, though one rule should prevail for consistency sake. That this is practicable must follow, and will eventually lead, from the introduction of a regular plan, to de- crease of expenditure, there can be no doubt, as the annexed statement will prove ; for the num- ber of cartridges allowed, as well as the quantity of powder for their making, are not the same everywhere. The strength of the powder may have something to do with this dissimilarity, and a smaller or larger quantity being necessary for a cartridge ; but this circumstance is a further reason how necessary alteration is. The regiments in Bengal and Madras themselves make up their own light cartridges, by re- ceiving all tlie requisite materials for that purpose from the public stores, the expense of wliich, added to the Quarter-master's establishments returned to make them up, must swell the expense wliere there are ordnance depots, whose permanent establishment ought easily to do that work, as they prepare the ball cartridges : for instance, one set of formers, knives, and measures, will answer the ordnance department to make up light cartridges lor 10,000 men; whereas every regiment, company, or troop, making up their own cartridges, must have a separate set, without adverting to the waste of paper, powder, wax, cloth, &c. In all this subordinate state there can be no occonomy, but tiiis duly is exacted by the Bombay Government of the store department; and the custom in Bengal of granting 45 rupees per annum to each corps for targets can hardly be any saving, but on the contrary may prove more expensive. 59 Description of Troops, Horse Artillery . . Dragoons Native Cavalry . . Light Infantry . . Foot Artillery . . European Infantry Native Infantry . Sappers Pioneers Extra or localCorps 1 Horse Artillery . Foot Artillery. . Bengal. Ball. Light Flints. 20 20 20 50 10 ,30 30 10 10 24. 60 60 60 100 17 80 80 17 17 60 5 5 5 9 2 6 6 2 2 5 MaJia-;, Ball. 20 20 20 60 36 36 36 36 Light 110 110 no 140 110 no no no Flints. 13 13 13 20 14 14 14 14 Discretionary with theCom. of Artillery Bombay. Ball. Light Flints 80 7 80 7 80 7 80 7 80 7 80 7 80 7 30 30 30 .0 30 30 30 30 Discretionary with thcConi. of Artillery (iuantily i)f rciwihr for Light Cartridges. Drains. Bengal. 6 4 :i Drains. Madras. 4 2 Drams. Bombay, 8 Remarks. Mu.sket Fusil. Pistol. Gii»- Carriage Department. The system in Bengal is, that the Commissariat have a distinct agent for this branch, to superintend a de]X)t and provide a supply of seasoned timber for it ; at the same time tliat the agent retains estabhshments and incurs ail other ciiarges, under the direction of the Military Board, who control and audit the expenditure. At Madras the same rule obtains as is in practice at Bombay, except that at the latter place they receive the supply of timber from the Indian navy, who have a naval yard. This would be difficult to be practised at the other Presidencies, as they have timber depots, but no Go- vernment naval ones. There can be very little doubt, amongst other changes lately introduced under the Presidency at Bombay, that the one of transferring the construction of barrack I'urni- ture to the Commissariat (which has it made up by contract) has reduced the permanent esta- blishments to the lowest scale ; relieving the gun-carriage department of extraneous work, and making the'Indian navy the proper department, as a repository for the timber and plank, instead of the Commissariat. This is not only the most efficient mode when compared with any other pursued at the other establishments, but unquestionably the most occonomicaj. The subject of expense or outlay of the gun-carriage department cannot be discussed, — nor is it, I presume, expected, — as the wants and exigencies of the .State must necessarily deter- mine that question ; though we must not overlook either the taste or ingenuity of the artillery officers, who have for the last twenty-four years conducted that important department, in the alterations and the adaption of the means of the country to the construction of gun-carriages. A particular instance of this kind occurred in the construction of the cars, &c. for the rocket troop, and the numerous and expensive experiments that have been practised in Bengal. There is no line connected with the effective state of the armj-, except the gunpowder, that ought to have more intense interest directed to it for its encouragement and improvement than this one; and few artillery yards have had more attention paid to them by their superintendants on this important object than that at Bombay ; as I can conhdeiitly refer to the improvements, as I above stated, relating to the cars and carriages for the rocket establishment, when that invention was first introduced here. The only thing left therefore to remark as a proposition is, that each Presidency should aj^ply that close and unremitting attention to keeping the charges for permanent establishments as low as practicable, that the j)rice of the materials should be- come moderate, and particularly that no more than the number of gun-carriages absolutely required to replace worn-out ones, should be constructed. This proposal I conceive, looking forward to a long period of tranquillity, is not jiressiiig the subject too much; for whatever view of the question is taken, it is still evident that all our equi|)ments are on an ellective war establishment. Retrenchment, therefore, is strictly speaking (economy, as it places more abun- dant means in oin- possession for any extraordinary exertion of power, and any additions could be, on an emergency easily and promptly met; as we possess not only the requisite science and command the labour of the workmen, but have plenty of seasoned materials. It therefore only remains to adopt the necessary measures by the vigilance of the Com- mandant of Artillery, who coidd on a general estimate of the work easily eill-ct what is wished, by confining the mmiber of permanent artificers and people to the lowest scale, which, when once effected, should be looked upon as the germ for the ibrmation or extension of the ilepart- ment to any size that the inciilental or emergent demands oi" the service called for ; anil that when the press of business had ceased, the number of workmen thus temporarily employed should be reduced to its former quota, to proceed with the current business of the department. I 2 60 Gunpowder. Bengal and Bombay conduct the business of this department upon the same footing, as the agents at the head of them make their own supplies, with a permanent establishment : but at Madras I believe the supplies are made by the Commissariat, besides a large permanent establishment retained by tiie agent. I should suppose the agent being left unfettered as to both the choice and mode of obtaining his supplies, may produce dispatch in the transaction of business (as the concentration of power and means to accomplish an object, in any degree of perfection, and particularly in the case of one of such vital importance to the success of an army as this is), be not only a serious consideration, but must materiall}' promote its success, which sinks expense into only a secondary rjuestion. For more than practical means are necessary ; indeed much science and knowledge are indispensable. The evil of inattention or deficiency of information in this line is easily appreciated, and in that estimation of the subject it will produce the conviction that the service benefits by a liberal view of it as the most oeconomical one. The concluding remarks, on the head of regulating the expenses relative to the gun-carriage department, apply equally here to the fullest extent, so that repetition is unnecessary. It is still more difficult, however, to establish a strict supervision over this department, as I can, after much labour, discover no mode of checking or preventing the conversion of materials to purposes they were not intended for, except to judge and decide by the quantity and quality of the powder produced. It is a department in which we must always be very dependent on the vigilance, talent, and active integrity of the public officer at its head. Nothing more can be added, except that I was much interested by the able observations on the mode of manufacturing powder, contained in Lieutenant Colonel Galloway's Report of the Bengal Powder Establish- ment. I should subjoin them, but the paper is of too great a length and too controversial a nature. I shall therefore content myself with a short extract, relating solely to the financial part, as connected with the spirit of this Report. " But in discussing the question of expediency or of ceconomy in having manufactured at any "-iven place, besides the mere expense of' labour, there are otlier points which are usually thought not unworthy of notice, such as the quality for instance of the vianujactured article, the price of the rati' matei-iah, the care or dijficulty of briiiging it to market, or, which is the same thing, to where it is to be used, the risk, expense, c/ia;;ce of damage. And if the article be very important, such as Jbod for vian, forage for cattle, or ammunition for an army, the production of it on the spot where it is wanted has generally been thought by no means a matter of indif- ference : six annas and six pice per barrel of gunpowder would scarcely be found a prudent balance against these contingencies. " The expense of manufacturing gunpowder at Madras, labourers, &c. is permanent throughout the year, and consists of 14 Europeans, 301 men, 6i women, and T^ bullocks; expense per diem 165 rupees, is per annum 60,225 rupees, which on 10,400 barrels ma- nufactured in the year, amounts to within a fraction of six rupees per barrel ; that is, 6 rupees for 60lbs. of powder, equal to 10 rupees per barrel with us, our barrels being 100 pounds. " Now a daily expense of 165 rupees for 200 days, amounts to 33,000 rupees, which on 1 0,400 barrels approximates to the sum they state, 3 rupees ; it is 3 rupees 5 amias yer barrel. The committee of the Madras Military Board state the cost at rupees 3 9 6 as before noticed of the Madras ]iowder, making 44 barrels per day ; and thus have taken only the expense of the 200 days the 'j.-ion, and this I should imagine rests on the basis as stated by the Court of Directors, " in lieu of all camp equipage and quarters," though they made a further addition in 1823 of house- rent to those on garrison allowances : since that period, however, the half tentage was directed in 1829 to become general tor European troops on garrison allowances. [ have shown that the effects of this order bear most unequally. — It might probably belong to this heaii to annex a short statement to show how the pay and allowances of an officer of any rank (for any one rank will suffice to explain the argument) have been augmented or decreased. 63 Total Garrison Total Field _.._ pay and allonaiiccs. pay and allowances. uinerencc. Licut.-Colonel 828 . 1028 . 200 Major 6U . ISG . 145 Captain 37.'5 . 415 0. 40 Lieutenant 226 . 256 0. 30 Ensign 181 2 40 . 281 2 40 . 20 The original pay and allowances of a lieutenant were as follows :— Pay, 60^ Halfbatta, 62. Gratuity, 24. House-rent, 25. — Total, 171 Subsequently tent allowance of 50 rupees was substituted for house-rent. The total was 196 Lastly, house-rent was added of rupees 30 The present amount of 226 So that the increase of the batta for the field of 60 rupees 60 IMakes it rupees 286 But the house-rent is struck off 30 256 So that a lieutenant taking the field, literally only receives an increase of rupees 30, because his garrison pay and allowances have been increased from 171 to 226. This account however can only apply to the officers of Madras and Bombay, as those in Bengal have always been on field allowances, with whom therefore no fluctuation could take place ; for I do not look upon the abrogation of the double full batta as a reduction of the es- tablished allowances of the officers, as it was created for a particular service, and paid as a kind of gratuity by the naval Vizier of Oude, in whose territories it alone existed. Exclusive of pay, batta, gratuity, the several ranks from the year 1799 to 1804 drew when on field service every second year the following sums, under the head of tent purchase, with a monthly sum for carriage : Field officers 1,600 Captains 800 Subalterns 400 I n December 1804 this was abolished, and a higher rate of tent carriage instituted, dividing the above sums into twenty-four parts, to be drawn monthly, as follows. This order was also repeated in July, 1823. Garrison. Field. Colonel 150 ., 216 3 Lieutenant-Colonel 150 . . 216 3 Major 150 .. 216 3 Captain,"or Surgeon 80 .. 133 2 Subaltern, or Assistant Surgeon .... 52 . . 66 3 In September 1824 it was again altered, and stood thus: — House. Garrison. Field. Colonel . . 200 . . 200 Lietenant-Colonel ...... 100 .. 150 .. 150 Major 80 . . 120 . . 120 Captain, or Surgeon 50 . . 75 . . 75 Lieutenant, or Assistant Surgeon . 30 . . 50 . . 50 Ensign 25 . . 50 . . 50 The application of the half tentage at the three Presidencies stands forth as a remarkable instance of that deviation from uniformity, so frequently pointed out, not only as a serious defect, but an unaccountable one in the application of a general system of finance. Its operation is ))artia], for its extension is the widest at the smallest Presidency, that is to say, it comprises in its range the greatest number of troops (at Bombay). The existence of this distinction between European and native troops serving together in the same army and same cantonment, appears at first sight as invidious, and for the interest of the State better obliterated than allowed to remain as a seeming defect in the code ; but the higher authorities iiave always considered it expedient, for strong reasons, to maintain these two branches of the service on a footing ap- parently distinct, from motives that in their view of the nature of the service required such a system. The half tentage, however, independent of this reasoning, appears almost questionable on the score of justice; for officers are not furnished with quarters anywhere, except at Fort William. Fort St. George, and Bombay. In cantonments they have bungalows, either rented or pur- 64 chased, and must be provided with camp equipage, whether stationary or moving, not only for emercrencies but ordinary occasions of reliefs. I should imagine that it is but a proper sense of dutv on every occasion where rules operate partially, or in any way bear hard on indi- viduals in the service at large, to bring the subject to the knowledge of Government, especially when the operation of anv such rule or order is expected to produce a good effect, by oblitera- ting distinctions between coips of the same army. 1 am therefore induced to think that placing the partial effect of this order in a clear light, both as to feeling and limited saving on the score of oeconomv, that it mav tend to a beneficial result of admitting full tentage at all stations; for the abstraction of that allowance certainly gives room for the conclusion, that officers are relieved from the idea of their having the camp equipage in constant readiness, as the full tentage was originally granted in lieu of all camp equipage and quarters. I must add as a conclusion, I have avoided entering into any statement of the expense of the pav department as connected with this subject, which when arranged must and ought always to bear a reference to the number of stations for which paymasters are necessary: and were we to go into an examination of that question, we should soon be convinced that the principle now in practice, whether just or otherwise, seems not to have been the governing one, of pro- portion, either on the score of the number of individuals employed, the number of regiments to be paid, the salaries to paymasters and clerks, or the quantity or responsibility apportioned with an equal hand. Mess. The mess allowance only requires one remark: that in Bengal it is rupees 120 always, and at Bombay 90; but it is at Madras 126 in the field, and 63 in garrison. This notice of it, I presume, is quite sufficient. Boat Allmcajjce. This allowance I shall advert to again in another place, and must at present confine myself to that part of it that relates to the officers alone. In Bengal, officers proceeding to their regiments, or staff officers proceeding on duty, draw a monthly allowance according to their rank, which at the recommendation of the civil Finance Committee, by the late Bengal orders, has been reduced ; for instance, the lieutenant-colonel from 630 to rupees per month. I do not here allude to the circumstances of transports or expedition, which are conducted pretty nearly in the same manner at the three Presidencies. The first part of this subject (the officers' boat allowance) is the most prominent in its ope- ration in Bengal, and appears also the most tardy and expensive plan. As an instance applica- ble to this general rule : — for the journey from Calcutta to Agra, a lieutenant-colonel was paid rupees 3,780 in addition to his pay and 'field allowances for six months; and was during that period of half a year not available for duty. But the distance through a cultivated countrj-, and a fine military road by land to that station, is 958 miles, which by the regulations at 12 miles per diem, with the halts for every three days' march, allows him to accomplish his journey in three months and a half, while it brings him to his duty and station two months and a half sooner than by boat. If however it is argued in mitigation, that the boat allowance is to enable an officer in Bengal to buy his marching outfit, and to defray a number of incidental charges at the commencement of so long a journey, it would still be more ceconomical for Government to give an extra marching allowance to meet this object. But there is no indulgence of this kind known at the other Presidencies : a passage is found for an officer in a boat : or the Commissariat charge for a passage, and the batta of the rank, are made to meet and suffice for the expenses incurred in all movements. Having made these observations, it can only be left to the judgement of the higher authorities to consider these local inequalities and advantages as forcing themselves upon our view; but to persons, the sphere of whose minds is not confined within the limits of a single Presidency, but w ho look abroad, and contemplate in a wide range the affairs connected with the existence and general welfare of the whole of India, these objections will appear of a minor class, and will not be allowed to interfere with the introduction of a conformity to a general and well digested system, which ultimately will tend as much to the contentment of individuals as it would promote the interests of the State. Regimental Contracts. On the subject of the regimental contract allowances, I had proposed to myself at one time not onl v to enumerate almost all of them, but so to class them as to exhibit all iheir differences ; but those differences are so minute and various that hardly any advantage would be derivable from the detail, and could only prove of use when a general assimilation and uniformity was to be established. To show, however, that I do not proceed entirely on general maxims without sufficient regard to deUils, for illustration I shall note some of the most striking topics, omitting those of minor interest. G5 The allowances for a company, the stationery, and repairs of arms, &c., are all so blended together, that they must be exaniineil in that collected state; their amounts vary, and furnish us with the following result: — As a specimen, suppose that the Madras and Bombay armies were each of e(|ual strength with that of Bengal (I lis Majesty's troo|)s not being included in the calculation), tlicie would be an excess drawn in Bengal of rupees 171,Ht() over Madras, and rupees llGjOGl' over Bombay, agreeably to the regulated allowance for a company. But if the numerical strength ecjualled the Madras number, Bengal would then ilraw an excess of rupees 122,880 over Madras, and rupees 104,4"1'8 over Bombay: and if the number was taken at the strength of the Bombay army, Bengal would still draw an excess beyonil that army, of rupees 57,261', and of rupees 66,810 over Madras. Or, in other words, the Bengal army con- sisting of about 716 troops and companies, draws rupees ISgjg+l more than the Madras and Bombay armies together, consisting of about 778 troops and companies. I note this merely as an observation connected with the general financial question at large, to exhibit differences, but with no view to cause a diminution in Bengal : my object only is to ])lace the whole existing system, with all its defects and anomalies, in their true and fair light, that those who have the authority to determine should not be deficient on the score of the requisite information, for the decision of so momentous a question as the personal income of the several individuals compo- sing an army of two hundred thousand men. In His Majesty's regiments of dragoons and infantry there is also a different system obtain- inff at each Presidency, with retrard to the Kind's contingent and non-effective allowance. This ought to be entirely discontinued, as inapplicable to this country ; and the same allow- ance should be granted to officers commanding troops and companies in His Majesty's service, for stationery and command, as is granted to those of the Company. In Bengal alone there is a contract allowance for the repairs of gun-carriages, and wheels, and petty stores to the artillery. At Madras there are artificers for these purposes, both in the ordnance stoi'es and in the regiments. In Bombaj' there are artificers, and an allowance per troop for the horse artillery, for grease, tar, iron, &c. I am much averse, on general ]5rinciples, to all regimental contracts for the supply or repair of arms and stores in particular, for reasons hardly necessary to mention ; and whatever objection may be made to this opinion, facts furnished by experience prove the justice of this reasoning. Few can have a higher opinion of the military character than I have; and the more I indulge in an estimate of their qualities as gentlemen, the more I am satisfied they make bad contractors : but if their incomes are to be added to by the means of contracts *, I should feel happy to see a fair and legitimate one opened to the commanding officers of regiments, that woukl afford remuneration to them, be an object for the younger officers to look up to, and prove a good and effectual source of supply to the Government. Instructed artificers in regimental establishments attached to corps is probably the best, though most expensive mode ; but a modified j)lan is equally attainable of one superior master of each class on good pay, and others to be hired when requisite at Bazar rates, which vvoulil have also the effect of encouraging artificers to remain in our Bazars, and the periodical delivery of all petty articles of supply from the magazines on indent. The establishments or allowances for writers and stationery, office allowance, moonchee allowance, candles, sirkar, writers, office, tentage, carriage for regimental books in the field, family certificates, repairs of tents in the field and in garrison, are all instances of dissimi- larity, and so unequally applied to the departments that a new uniform scale seems the only remedy. The differences relative to the saddle contract, their repairs, &c., beingof higher im]iortance, I have reserved for the discussion of the cavalry branch, as appertaining peculiarly to that arm of the service, and therefore could not with propriety be introduced in this miscellaneous enumeration. Nor has it appeared necessary to me to quote the opinions either of the Honourable Court or of the Governors and Commanders-in-chief in India, by way of sujiport to my own mode of thinking, which will, if I introduce them at any time, appear I trust in a moreapprojjriate place to maintain arguments and sentiments, touching matters of deeper interest both to the State and private individuals, than when discussing minor points of this nature. I shall therefore offer no excuse for so short and concise a notice of a subject that every military man knows could be easily dilated into great detail. Mode of Keeping Accounts. It appears that the mode of keeping accounts under the thi-ee establishments varies, and that nothing but a close inspection of the several heads of expenditure could induce me to pronounce • Mil. Fin. Com.; and SirT. .Monro, &c. K 66 tliat the existing systems require modification, from tiie difficulty in some cases that attended any attempt to ascertain the real charges appertaining to any particular department. The plan of charging part of the military expenditure to the civil department by thirds and fourths is peculiar to Bengal, and seems an objectionable way of keeping accounts, as it renders tlie tracing of the real outlay of money verj' intricate. This is proved from the manner in which the department of public work is conducted in Bengal, and the mode at Madras in which the salaries of some of the heads and subordinates of the great department are proportioned : at this last place the pay and allowance of the Adjutant-generals, &c. are ciiarged to the regiment he may belong to, and his salary to the staff' line. In Bengal, he draws a consolidated staff' salary, and his subsistence only with his regiment. The complication occasioned in the military and civil books, under the heads of credits and debits, by these and other charges, which ought to be debited in a verj' simple way to each line, by preferring separate bills, and for supplies made for work done to each branch, civil or military, as the case might be. The latter part of the preceding remark alludes principally to the almost unintelligible and certainly inconvenient mode of mixing the charges for the transport of troops, stores, ferries, passage- money from port to port, shipping and freight by the marine, all together. All this will be duly noticed subsequently in its proper place, with such explanations as, I trust, will prove that the working of systems elsewhere possess a greater degree of utility, which is the conse- quence of the clearness and regularity of the practical rules, being more applicable to those lines of business. In discussing the subject of keeping accounts, the Pay department naturally presents itself for consideration, as forming a main part of the subject ; the remarks, however, relative to it will not be numerous, but closely confined to the mode of procedure, and cannot comprehend any observations on the scoreof the expense of establishments, as this latter question is noticed in its proper place. To allude generally to this part of the subject, I must state that the Supreme Government have, I believe, become sensible, on comparison, that the number of Paymasters at Madras exceeded, and also that the aggregate annual amount of establishments equals, Bengal, and is three times that of Bombay, notwithstanding the territories of that establishment are more compact than those of either of the other Presidencies. At Madras there is a separate Paymaster for king's troops; in Bengal and Bombay this duty is done by the same person, and at the latter Presidency he is Paymaster of all departments and extraordinaries, besides the Presidency division of the army. It appears that the Paymaster of Fort M'illiam has a greater range of payment to make than at the other Presidencies ; but then his duties upon the whole do not exceed those at Bombay, because the abstracts are sent to the Audit Office in the first instance for examination, and payment is made only when audited; so that there is neither responsibility nor trouble attached, and consequently his office duties consist of transcribing the disbursements authorized by the Auditor-general. This practice, I apprehend, may tend to make the local Paymaster less careful ; while he at Bombay examines all regular abstracts or charges of a fixed nature, and endorses and transmits all the Commissa- riat and Engineer bills which pass through his hands to the military Auditor-generals: he is also responsible for all errors in calculation and deviation from the regulations in the pay of the troops, who in' these means, having responsible persons in the Pay Office, receive their pay every month at an earlier period at Bombay. But in Bengal, in consequence of having the accounts first audited and afterwards paid, they are always one month and a half in arrears: — hence arises the fact, that the Bengal and Madras Paymasters receive more pay and appear to do less duty than the Bombay ones ; the first have less responsibility, and the other a smaller amount of payment. The Bombay system seems to me the most comprehensive and occonomical, as also e()ually efficient; and there can be no objection to the introduction both of its principle and mode all over India. It is after all a mere arrangement of the routine of office duly, and its adoption would produce the best effects, particularly on tlie score of uniformity. If the officers of the subordinates in Bengal were on the principle of the Presidency one, as to a sufficiently wide range of business, with the adojition of the regimental Paymaster in the person of the Quartermaster, with the single abstract ior the whole regiment; instead of eight as at present, the business would be conducted with greater facility and efficiency, and considera- ble saving to Government; indeed with this simple mode, and a little local arrangement, it would not be difficult to ])lace this important department u])on the best foundation. The remark relative to the arrangement for having central ]iositions for the ordnance depots is equally applicable to this office when the stations of this department are arranged. As a matter connected with the general question of kee]iing accounts, it is I conceive not irrelevant to introduce any opinions or modes of calculation intended to exhibit financial results. I shall therefore ap|)end the following remarks, as throwing more light upon a topic of this nature by comparison than could be done by a long dissertation, and is only projiosed as an example ot different ways of estimating the public expenditure. The minute itself is by a Madras officer of rank, intended to describe both the system prevalent at that Presidency, and the improve- ments that had been elTected witliin the last seventeen years ; placing the ocronomical part of it in a very prominent point ot view. My remarks will attend as they may be culiud tor. " It appears that until the formation of the Conimissariat in 1810, the whole of the barrack depart- ment, including the charge of military buildings, and the supply of barrack iu-ticles for the use of the troops, was in the hands ot ollicers iioiding the ajipointmcnts of barrack-masters, one of wiu)m was altacheil to each division. These appointmonls were then abolished, with the exception of two, one at the Presidency and another at Bangalore, who also contiimed to have charge of the military buildings, though this charge at all other stations was vested in the department of the Quartermaster-general ; while the miiun- supplies of oil, barrack articles, cots, &c., devolved on the Commissariat. The former barrack-masters' salaries being small, thev were remunerated in some situations by liberal fixed rates for supplies, and they also lield a contract for the maintenance of barrack cots, which ceased at the same ])eriod. The Commissary-general, under date the fith February ISI 1, received from Government a discretionary ])ower; while new rert, which was found sufficient on these occasions. Tin bowls, for S men Tin mugs for each man Canteens tlitto Tin kettles for 5 men Tin pans ditto Wooden spoons ditto Haversacks for each man .... Meat forks for 50 men Spirit measures, sets for 50 men The Bombay system of providing tlie soldier in every situation with camp kettle, covers and dishes, may be considered expensive at first sight ; but in the end, from its utility in a military point of view, is certainly the best, as it leaves the soldier quite unincumbered, and consequently always ready for his duty. It will not, I believe, be any increase at Madras, as earthen pots, chatties, &c. are issued there in garrison ; and at Bengal it woidd be about 8000 per annum. If the whole of the European troops were embarked for one year on the Bombay Presidency, no additional expense would be incurred, as the men get kettles, &c. at all times. Tabl£ No. III. — Comparative Statement of the Rations, issued to Europeans on Shore, marching on actual Service. Names of Provisions. Bengal : per diem. Madras : per diem. Bombay : per diem. Biscuit, or Rice lbs. oz. 1 2 I 8 2 3 lbs. oz. 12 1 5 1 8 2i 5 billets 2 lbs. oz. 1 8 1 8 1 8 2 4 o Fresh Meat Salt Wood Spirit Drams The ration in the table marked [_A^ is no more than sufficient for a man on a march, when his appetite increased by strong exercise becomes keener, and requires more sustenance to recruit his physical strength. It is to be remembered that the soldiers have to maintain their cooks and many of their women who ac- company them ; and in all calculations of this nature, something more than tlie mere quantum of food to be consumed by a single individual must be provided for. But if on the contrary no kind of allowance is made on this head, the pay of these followers must be increased, — the eft'ects of which will prove by no means inconsiderable to the soldier, particularly where labour is so dear as it is on the western side of India. It appears that the Europeans at Madras never receive biscuit but when the rice is bad, the advantage of which might be questioned ; and I certainly would not advise its adoption at the other Presidencies, esjK'- cially as the quantity is only fib. of bread : a healthy man marching can scarcely manage under one pound of bread. This opinion might be supported from the practice of medical men, who allow their patients in hospital |lb. However, if soldiers are to have the same rations while stationary as marching, and it is intended that the increase of expense on one establishment should be counterbalanced by a correspond- ing reduction on the other, I should in that case give the pcference to the Bengal scale ; — but I still think the proposed modification jnefi rahie as shown in the table marked [/•/.] Table [^-J. — Statement of the proposed Rations to Europeans Marching and Stationary. Field Service or /Actual Marching. Ration Weekly. ^Ibs. ofmeat 7 days. lib. of biscuit or bread 7 ditto. •jlb. of rice 4 ditto. ^ib. of flour 3 ditto. •tlbs. of wood 7 ditto. loz. of salt 7 ditto. 2 dr.ims of spirit 7 ditto. Stationary Cantonments of Full or Half Batta. Ration Weekly. lib. of meat 7 fib. of bread 7 ^ib. of rice 3 lb. of flour 4 of wood 7 oz. of salt 7 2 21b 1 dram of spirit 7 Salt meat never to be issued but on occasions of emergency, and then only one pound. M2 days, ditto, ditto, ditto, ditto, ditto, ditto. 84 Table No. IV. — Comparative Statement of Rations issued to Natives on Shore, when Foreign Service. on Names of ProTisions, Bengal : per diem. Madras : per diem. Bombay : per diem. The Bengal scale is here the best, as turmeric is merely for colouring the rice : nor should tobacco be given except when tlie men cannot provide themselves with it in the bazar. Rice lbs. oz. 2 4 2 04 lbs. oz. 2 4 2 2 04- 04 lbs. oz. 1 8 8 2 2 Dholl Ghee Tobacco Turmeric S.ilt Table No. V. — Comparative Statement of Rations issued to Hindoos who do not cook on board ship when proceeding on Foreign Service. Names of Provisions. Flour Ch'.irah Gram Ghee Oil Tamarind Sugar Salt Fish .... No. Salt Chillies Pepper Coriander seed . . Cinnamon seed . . Garlick Onions Turmeric Tobacco Beetlenut. . . .No. Paun-leaves . . No. Chunam Kaut Firewood Water .... Gallons Bengal : per diem. lbs. oz. 6 12 10 2 H 4 4 1 0^ 2 o 10 04 0-j 1 1 Madras : per diem. lbs. oz. 8 U 2- O-rt- OA 0- OA 0-fy 0^ OW H H billet 1 Bombay : per diem. lbs. oz. 1 4 12 2 2 4 1 04- Oi 0^ 2 2 2 1 One chest of tea and five quarts of limejuice are allowed at Bengal for 200 men when the voyage exceeds two months. I should prefer the Bombay scale being esta- blished, as it was formed from experience on expe- ditions of considerable extent, and found to answer for the last twenty-eight years. To Egypt, the Persian Gulf, and coast of Arabia, Hindoos cannot cook on board ship, consequently they do not require either flour or wood, and as paun-leaves spoil very soon, they with the kaut and chunam are quite superfluous: — as a proof, nearly all the kaut shipped for the expedition with General Keir was returned to Bombay, and the chunam was used to whitewash the transports. Table No. VI. — Comparative Statement of Rations issued to Natives who cook on board ship, proceeding on Foreign .Service. Names of Provisions. Bengal : per diem. Rice Dholl Gram Ghee Oil Tamarind Sugar Salt Fish . . . .No. Salt Chillies Pepper Coriander seed . . lbs, oz. 8 4 2 2 It 4 4 1 0+ 0-i Madras : per diem. Bombay : per diem. lbs. oz. 1 12 4+ H U 1 2-^^ OA OA OA lbs. oz. 1 6 6 2 2 2 4 8 1 Oi 0-k Names of Provisions. Cumnur seed .... Garlick Onions Turmeric Tobacco Beetlenut. . . .No Paun-leaves No- Chunam Kaut Firewood Water . . . Gallons Bengal ; per diem. Madras ; per diem. lbs. oz. 0-k 0-V 10 Oi Oi 2 1 lbs. oz. OA OA OA OA u U billet. 1 Bombay : per diem. lbs. 02. 0+ 0+ ov 2 1 The Madras scale for this class of men is the best. It includes everything necessary for currie and kedjeery of people cooking, omitting those articles which are only useless delicacies ; such as parched gram, sugar, and oil ; while j)aun will not keep, which with the kaut and chunam are a needless expense. 85 Table No. VII. — Comparative Statement of the Personal Appointments allowed to the Native Troops proceeding on Foreign Service. Names of Storts. Uerigal. Madras. Uombay. Names of Stores. Bengal, Madras. Bombay. Cuniljlifs per man .... Canteens ditto .... Beetlenut-cuttcrs for 50 1 1 1 1 Ueastie bags for 25 men ••••••••....•. 1 1 (1 Towalis for 1 men . . . Preference Iiere should be given to the Bombay mode ; as canteens are not only necessary, but ex- tremely useful to enable the men to keep the water in on board ship, as well as on marches, ])articularly over arid lands where a scarcity of water prevails, which has frequently happened to the Bombay troops. Towahs for bakinjr bread are useless to Hindoos in the Bengal and Bombay Presidencies, as they do not cook ; while tlie issue of beastie bags at Madras seems almost superfluous, if the regimental beastiea are present with a canteen. The beetlenut-cutters have hitherto been deemed unnecessary, as the men crack the beetlenut on the deck, or frequently have cutters themselves. Table No. VIII. — Comparative Statement of the Proportion of Dead Stock shipped for Europeans and Native Troops proceeding on Foreign Service in Transports. Names of Articles. Lanthorn for 100 men Candles for 100 men Pail buckets for 10 men .... Horse buckets for 20 men . . , Cabooses, with sheet leads for 50 men Copper boilers with covers, and spoons for 25 men Scuttle butts for 100 men Copper scales with weights for 100 men Deck scrapers for 5 men Brooms for 5 men Grinding stones for 50 men Swabs for 25 men Bengal. Madras. ] 3ombay. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 >(A) 2 sets 1 1 1 1 - (A). — All these articles are shipped at the discretion of the Commissary-general, and in the proportion which the agent for transports may judge expedient on these occasions, so that the ships may not be lumbered with anything superfluous. I must differ, both as to the proportion in which it is supplied at Madras, as well as to the mode of dis- tributing the articles to the men and to be taken care of by them : it can hardly be a question which is the best plan ; for the quantity in the first place is too large, and will be found very much to encumber the ships, and it is out of reason to expect tiiat the troops can take care of them when they land. The people of the transports are the proper persons to have charge of these articles, otherwise while the troops are on shore they would be neglected and lost for want of proper superintendence : I therefore prefer the Bombay plan, as most efficient and economical. The quantity of dead stock being calculated by the Commissary-general according to the length of the voyage, and in the proportion whiih the agent for transports may think sufficient, who might be deemed the most proper officer to judge what may be most useful in his own line, to prevent the transport being lumbered with anytliing superfluous : — for instance, a transport carrying three hundred men, would by the Madras calculation require six cabooses with sheet leads complete ; a number sufficient at Bombay for three ships, as all ships have cabooses of their own. To accommodate such numbers must greatly inconvenience the shipping on these services, where too much room cannot be appropriated for the personal accommodation of the men and the working of the ship. Table No. IX. — Comparative Statement of Rations, &c., issued to Horses proceeding on Foreign Service on Ship-board. Names of Articles. Hay or Straw. . . . Grain Water . . .Gallons Horse-buckets. . . Bengal : per diem. ^ladras : per diem. lbs. 10 G lbs. oz. 44 7 5 1 Bombay : per diem. lbs. oz. 24 11 4 S (A) (A). — This like all other dead stock for the voyage is shipped by the Commissariat, at the dis- cretion of the Commissary-geneml in communi- cation with agents for transports. Few cavalry have ever been shipped from Bombay for foreign service on transports for any lengtli of 86 time, except a troop of horse artillery to the coast of Arabia in 1821, and then the horses were sent in open boats called buggalahs. I have however been upwards of thirty days on board a ship containing seventy- four horses, in very hot weather, in the Persian Gulf, where the distress occasioned by heat and a small quantity of water was very great; and from what Colonel CunliHe mentioned of the heat between decks generally, an ample supply of water appears desirable. By His Majesty's orders also in the tmbarkation of horses, it is directed that they should not be over-fed during the voyage. Tlie Bengal ration, as embracing both these points, might therefore be preferred ; for a pony would drink nearly five gallons of water on shore, and a horse must require more to relieve his thirst occasioned by frequent perspiration. Statement exhibiting the Strength of the Honourable Company's Army on the Bombay Esta- blishment from the year 1816 to 1829. Showing also the Expense incurred on account of Stores duriniT the same Period. Strength of the Company's Anny. Yearly Expense Infantry including In- Cavalry. Artillery. valids and Pioneers. Total. on account of Total amount of Year. Stores. 5 years. Native European. Lascars. European. Native Cavalry. Infantry. lSlG-17 229 857 1,446 1,036 22,556 26,124 3,64,709 3 20 1S17-18 783 884 1,394 1,119 24,613 28,793 8,24,721 89 1818-19 946 865 1,417 1,042 27,751 32,021 11,54,151 1 31 1819-20 924 954 1,040 886 27,287 31,091 7,38,816 63 1820-21 1,375 907 870 775 28,153 32,080 5,65,969 2 17 36,48,368 20 1821-22 1,548 1,033 ' 871 836 27,492 31,780 3,52,337 46 1822-23 1,513 910 1,000 774 27,056 31,253 3,17,756 1 74 1823-24 1,519 952 926 1,010 27,814 32,221 5,25,940 3 25 1824-25 1,913 845 959 1,135 29,887 34,739 2,59,416 3 85 1825-26 2,085 823 974 1,239 35,138 40,259 5,23,550 2 21 19,79,001 3 51 1826-27 2,181 917 978 1,301 34,074 39,451 5,23,550 2 21 1827-28 2,145 1,084 1,114 1,091 36,109 41,543 5,73,837 2 13 1828-29 2,230 1,089 1,115 1,259 33,775 39,468 7,45,867 1 60 1829-30 2,157 992 1,158 1,339 32,358 38,004 6,51,872 3 31 24,95,128 1 25 Statement of the Number and Prices of Horses purchased during the last Four Seasons in the Market at Bombay, for Remount of the Madras Cavalry. 1823-24 80 Horses purchased for Rupees 39,635 1824-25 106 ditto ditto ditto 65,586 1S25-2C 432 ditto ditto ditto 2,17,696 1826-27 434 ditto ditto ditto 2,53,060 Total number of Horses 1052 Total Rupees. . . . 5,75,977 General average price 547^ rupees nearly. Statement relative to the Stud Establishment on the Bombay Presidency : established for the Improvement of the Breed of Horses. Stallions. Six or eight stallions are stationed in each collectorate, and all mares brought are covered by tiiem gratis. The produce is considered exclusively the property of the owner of the mare, and he is at liberty to dispose of it as he diinks proper. Casualties amongst the stallions are supplied from superior horses sent to Government as presents from the Imaum of Muscat and other princes in the Gulf Four En''lish stallions were sent out by the Honourable Court of Directors in May 1829. A market has been opened at the head-quarters of each regiment of cavalry, where a committee passes and for any horses of which they approve, without the aid of any intermediate agency ; so that the breeder receives the full value of his horse on the spot, and returns to his village without delay or expense. The keep of 64 mares and 47 foals averages, during the last year, about 637 rupees per month. 87 On the SHbjpct of the prizes jjrantcd to the winners of cart races carrying a certain weiglit, we tonsi- iler tlie plan well calculated to please the crowds which attend, and thereby aflbrd a general inducement to Patels and Ryuls, tic. to visit the fairs witli their families, which no doubt has a great efiect in creating in tlieir minds an interest and excitement which wnidd in most cases lead to their individual!}' entering into the object in view, viz. cattle-breeding; and on these grounds we should be sorry to recommend the i)remiums being abolished. I!ut it by no means follow s that the largest are the l)est bullocks, even on these occasions ; the winners are generally cattle vvhicli, from being in good training as speedy travelling bullocks, are enabled to live longer at a (piick pace, than animals capable of drawing much more, and theretbre better for agricultural purposes than the smaller active description of cattle used in travelling. On the whole, wc consider the result of the show satisfactory, particularly as regards the Iiorses. It will be gratifying to Government to learn, that the number of horses at the late show was consider- ably greater than last year : l)ut, what was of far more importance, the increase of a better description was particularly conspicuous. The concourse of people assembled was larger than in 1828, and the same interest displayed by them in the proceedings, as we had the gratification of noticing in our last Report. Indeed this part of the object in contemplation is now so far advanced as to ensure the accom- plishment of the wish of Government, that in the course of a few years the appointed day will become a sort of fair in each district, affording the most substantial encouragement and convenience to all parties, if future measures are squared upon those which have been hitherto followed. Present State of the Stud Establishment at Alligaum, 1st July, 1830. Number of Mares in charge 64 ' of Foals 25 of Fillies 22 Total in ^ Expenses of the Establishment for Improving the Breed of Horses. 40 Stallions averaging IC rupees each per month 640 64 Mares and 47 Foals, averaging per month 637 Superintendent's salary and travelling charges 840 Office establishment ,., 142 Rupees 2259 The keep of the stallions (with the exception of five stallions at Malligaum) is paid by the collectors in whose districts they are stationed. Register of Additions and Alterations in the Establishments of the Bombay Presidency, from 1st November 1827 to 1st November 1830. Annual Charge. r- " < Things Ordered.— 1827. jj^^g_ A quarter-master-serjeant allowed for the depot for King's troops at Colabah. IQ$ The battalion of Golundaze remodelled (Court's orders) j 7 454 Increase of salary to the Musselman Moonchee of the native medical school An establishment allowed for the care of sick officers quarter Increase of salary to brigade-major (Court's orders) Reduction of Allowances of certain Staff Officers : viz. Agent for gun-carriages Paymaster, Poona division 1 St member of the medical board ,'nd ditto Jrd ditto Superintending surgeon, Concan and South Guzerat Ditto North-west division, Guzerat Ditto Poona division Ditto Malwa field force Medical storekeeper Inspector of hospitals. King's troops Two assistant adjutants-general 3,696 Two assist;tnt quarter-masters-general S,6dG 7,392 990 480 600^ 924 J Less. 2,800 2,400 9,570 9,570 9,570 4,487 4,487 4,487 4,487 6,000 • 12,380 6,402^ Deduct additional batta (without house-rent) allowed to two of the 1 above, not previously in receipt of it J ' This is the amount of prospective increases in salaries : but as brigade-major of districts, if lieutenants, will not draw ;is formerly the allowances of captain, there will probably be a saving instead of an increase. - Honourable Court's order, 2nd May 1827. ' Prospective as vacancies occur. 88 Regimental Tent Allowance struck oflf from certain Staff Officers, viz. Auditor-general Deputy 1 St Assistant 2nd ditto Agent for clothing for gun-carriages for gunpowder Barrack-master at Bombay Commandant, depot King's troops Commissary of stores, grand arsenal 1st deputy 2nd ditto Director of artillery, depot of instruction Fort-adjutant, Bombay Surat Ahmednuggur Medical store-keeper Deputy, Poona Secretary to the military board Assistant Secretary to the medical board Surgeons' general hospital Assistant Bombay garrison Assistant Tannah garrison Surat ditto, and dry medical store-keeper Assistant . Broach garrison assistant Lunatic asylum Town-major Full batta allowed to the commissary-general and the military secretary to the commander-in-chief (Court's order) An allowance to the non-commissioned officer teaching the sword exercise at the Presidency Increase of allowance to Roman Catholic priests to attend soldiers at the Pre- sidency A contract for three years executed for repairing the road from Panvell to Poona : Average yearly amount, rupees 16 3 20. A convalescent hospital established at Mahablishwar Additional establishment for the barrack department at Poona Increase of house-rent to the town-major, fort-adjutant and garrison-surgeon, Bombay An officer appointed to superintend the repairs of buildings at Assurghur A treasure-chest at Malligainn re-established Establishment allowed to the inspector of the sword exercise at Poona Two officers appointed to assist the executive engineer, Baroda and N. D. Guzerat, in carrying on the repairs at Baroda and Hursole An officer appointed to conduct a trigonometrical survey in the Deccan Increase of allowances to the medical storekeeper (Court's order) Additional establishment for the church at Mhow Reduction of Commissariat Establishments in Malwa : viz. 234 Dooley-bearers and 1 37 Brinjary bullocks Increase of pay to Peons gunpowder manufactory A cooper allowed for the ordnance department, Baroda S. F Allowance granted to officer in charge of the station at Mahablishwar for con- valescent soldiers Purchase of 4 draft bullocks bred in Candesh (authorized) Increase of pay-olKce rent allowance, Poona A horse and a pair of bullocks sanctioned for Kirkee Annual !^harge. More. Less. 1,800-) 900 600 600 900 900 900 900 600 1,440 900 900 900 900 600 • • ■ • COO 900 • • • • 600 • • . * 1,800 • ■ • • 900 «... 900 • • • • 900 ■ • • • 600 • . * . 900 > . . • 600 • • • • 900 • . . • 900 > . . . 600 • . . . 600 .... 600 .... 1,440 J 4,900 4S0- 480 15,000 84' 3600 1460 1320 480* 2920 14,266 1527 444 ' 102 360' 1988 600 600 360 21,000 ' Struck oflTby the Honourable Court's order. May 2nd 1827. Regimental tent allowance increases with increase of rank. This calculation is made with reference to the rank of the officers holding sta- tionary staff appointments at the time tlie orders striking off the allowance were issued. - Since discontinued. The saving is shown in the statement of reductions. ■■ The whole establishment is not kept up throughout the year ; — temporary, or during the fair season only. * Since discontinued. ' Since discontinued. ' Since struck off. 89 Annual Charge. Field allowances at Mliow struck off, heinj;; a savinp; in tlic allowances to Euro- peans of ruprt'S til, 000, and to natives of 1,70,000 Establishment allowed the committee compiling the supplementary sections to the rejjulations, discontinued Full batta allowed to those officers at Poona learning the sword exercise who are absent from their corps Lascars for the Ihanghar boats at Malligaum allowed Persons to administer oaths in the cantonment adawlut allowed to the superin- tendent of bazars at Poona An interpreter allowed to Guzcrat i)rovincial battalion Addition to bazar and police department, Assurglnir Thirty-six eojjies of the Quarterly Army List ordered' A commandant allowed for Assurghur on the pay of a 2nd class brigadier (Honourable Court's order) Allowance for four field Rowtie tents for the Poona bazar struck off Stationary allowance on accounts of unfits at the Presidency Addition to ordnance establishment, Surat and Kaira Sundry details detached from the 13. S. F. to take possession of certain districts belonging to the Guccowar placed under sequestration A dooley for European veteran company at Tannah Additional office rent allowance to quartermaster-general The regimental allowances of the Bombay army in the service of native princes struck off, viz. two captains of cavalry and four of infantry An executive engineer appointed at Deesa An additional washerman for sappers and miners Superintending surgeons granted travelling batta as surgeons on tours of in- spection A trumpet-major added to the establishment of the brigade of horse artillery. . Additional establishment for the church at Bhooj Additional establishment for the church at Poona The Lock hospital at Dapoolie abolished House hired for a granary at Hursole Additional establishment in commissariat department, Poona Extra allowance to cantonment surgeon, Matoonga Full batta allowed native infantry details at Poona learning the sword exercise . Additional office establishment for military board Four pay Havildars in Southern Concan to assist in paying pensioners A dooley for ICth regiment native infantry at Baroda Allowance to artillery officer in charge of the ordnance department, Southern Concan, for Vingorla Two Government plates to be annually run for by horses bred in Western India Allowance to officer selected for command of troops occupying Guicowars se- questered district Allowance to officer appointed to command the troops occupying sequestered district north of Baroda Salary to an officer specially appointed to assist in purchasing horses for Euro- pean corps An establishment for soldiers' library at Poona Additional office establishment to quartermaster-general The appointment of a line serjeant at Deesa sanctioned Assistant to drill instructions in the sword exercise Establishment of Puckaulies with His Majesty's 4th light dragoons reduced, 1 8 bullocks with drivers being discharged A barrack-serjeant appointed to Nilgherry Hills A line serjeant appointed at Bhooj New organization of Hill Fort, native commands Two staff-officers appointed to proceed on special duty to Calcutta, and two officers to act in their room, all drawing full staff allowance (order by the Supreme Government) More. 1,440"- 575 312 720 ' 2,010 432 0,240 340 < 240* 48,000 « 336 000' 3,150 120' 1,000» 435 408 000 300 900 '0 1,400" 3,780 I- 3,240 " 240 420 1,200 '< 2,400 " 3,000 '« 3,000 " is 84 780 " 252 300 -"o 240 9,468 Less. 2,10,000' 2,535 1,440 9,304 1,500 2,392 ' The strength of the force was — 1 troop horse artillery, 1 company foot ditto, 1 regiment native cavalry, 4 ditto native infantry, pioneers and department. - Since discontinued. ■"' A civil charge. * This amount is liable to fluctuation. ' Since discharc-ed. ' Temporary ; this sum is the estimated amount of field allowances and extra establishment. ' Since struck off ' Struck off. " Probable amount. '" Since reduced. " Since discontinued. ''' Ibid. " Since struck off. " Since discontinued. " Ibid. ■' Temporary. " Ibid. '' Rupees 500 per month, temporary, confined to a period of six months. '' Since reduced. '" Since discontinued. ^' Temporary, since discontinued; expense, rupees 29,534 ;3er annum. N 90 Annual Charge. The light battalions at Poona broke up Instruction of infantry details in the sword exercise discontinued The establishment of each regiment of native cavalry from 70 to 50 troopers, each troop - The establishment of the regiments and battalions of Native Infantry, viz. : Fourth regiment of the line B. S. F. 106 privates each company. Twenty-second ditto . i gg ^.^^^ ^.^^^ First Marine Battalion \ Second extra Battalion 80 ditto ditto. Reduced to 70 privates per company 1S29 — A special committee at Poona appointed to, of whom are staff-officers whose appointments are temporarily held by others Addition to the office establishment of the deputy inspector of His Majesty's hospital His Majesty's 40th regiment admitted on the establishment (orders from home) Received establishment of cattle for Poona division The cavalry equitation drill discontinued A captain appointed acting inspecting engineer during the employment of a major on other duty Additional establishment for regimental native schools New scale of allowance fixed for brigadiers (Court's orders) Occupation of Sholapore by Bombay troops (by order of the Supreme Govern- ment) Evacuation of !Mhow by the Bombay troops The rented commissariat store-room at Sural given up A contract entered into for forage for camels at Poona Additional salary to the commanding officer, pay-master, and deputy commissary of stores appointed to Sholapore, to place them on the same footing as they stood at >Ihow The station of Poona made a bridge command of the 1st class, to complete the number allotted for this Presidency A medical officer appointed to the charge of the convalescent station on the Nilgherry Hills Allowance to the officer in charge of the public buUdings, &c.. Sec. at the con- valescent station on the Mahableshwar Hills Allowance for the horse and for stationery to the chaplain at Kirkee A quartermaster-serjeant and two laboratory men in (Suzerat Beggaries attached to the pioneers at Poona Additional stationary allowance to the officer commanding the depot of His Ma- jesty's troops Two additional Packaulies for pioneers at Lulling Pass Four Packaulies for artillery at Matoonga New scale of allowance fixed for medical officers regimentally employed, and those formerly drawn for the supply of medicines, &:c. discontinued by order of the Honouarble Court to the Supreme Government, 28th May 1828 Writers allowed to the medical board for copying their proceedings annually for transmission to the Honourable Court of Directors An establishment of the Peons allowed to the European corps at Bombay and Belgaum, for the purpose of taking up diseased women Allowance granted to two Serjeants appointed to the care of sick officers' quar- ters at the Presidency Two hospital serjcants allowed for the convalescent hospital at Mahableshwar . More. 3,240 4,200 1,200 480 11 1-2 360 400 1,368 336'* 240 Less. 6,744' 8,046^ 2,55,000' 545,000* 1,044" 300,000 30,000 7,404 . . . . ' 3,264 22,560 41,725 .... 300,000' 720 12,000' 60,000 ' Being command allowance 4,800 ; .adjutant staff allowance, rupees 1,944. - Officers instructing, rupees 3,480; drill native cavalry officers 780; batta to details 3,786. ' Sixhundred troopers' pay, clothing, &c. rupees 93,000 ; GOO horse maintenance, saddles, &c. 1,62,000. This reduction was prospective as casualties occurred. * Pay, clothing. Sec. for 5,320 privates. This reduction was prospective as casualties occurred. ' Temporary, since discontinued ; expense, rupees 19,830 per annum. * Since discontinued. ' Temporary (this is the difference between the garrison allowances of captain and field allowances jof major), since discontinued ; expense, rupees 4,248. * Staff and staffs establishments, 100,000 public cattle followers, and extraordinaries 200,000. ' This saving is calculated for 184 camels at rupees 5-2 74 each. '" Temporary, allowed only to the officers lately appointed ; annual charge, rupees 9,720. " Temporary, during the artillery practice in the province ; annual charge, rupees 408. " Allowed for three months, rupees GOO per month. " Allowed till the setting in of the monsoon, rupees 110 per month. '* Since struck off. 91 Annual Charge. 7,893' 1,584 680,000 17,'l-60 I\lorc, Less. Lieutenant-colonel Sullivan, while in command of Boml)ay garrison, permitted as a special case to draw tlie allowance of a brigadier of the 1st class ' Bazar establishment allowed lor Mahablcshwar 456 Allowance granted to senior surgeon at Poona attending the staff and details. . 1,200 The situation of troops quarter-master of horse artillery abolished Reduction in the pay of 27 horse-keepers attached to the breeding mares A Subadar-major allowed to each of the two extra battalions GOO ' A farrier-major allowed to the head-(iuarters of the horse artillery brigade. . . . 252 Stationery allowance to the barrack-master serjeant, Nilglierry Hills ; allow- ance to the chaplain at Deesa for going to Ihirsole to perform divine worship 3,000 Sub-assistant surveyors and builders allowed house rent 1,000 A line Serjeant allowed to the brigade in Candesh 252 Additional establishment for Asseerghur Fort 126 A dooley attached to the garrison guards at Bombay 576 A second major added to the establishment of the engineers (Honourable Court's order) 7,087 Reduction in the .army, as ordered by the Honourable Court of Directors of 2nd troops or 2 companies, with 3 subaltern officers in regiment of native cavalry and native infantry, and of the same number of subaltern officers in the European corps , Office rent discontinued for certain offices removed into old secretary office Hospital establishments for detached companies of pioneers 2,000 Increase of pay to certain native hospital servants 864 Allowance to a Roman Catholic Priest at Deesa SCO A line serjeant for the station of Sholapore 252 An establishment of Cassids for ditto 252 Increase of pay to 8 sub-assistant surveyors and builders 1,440 A superintending surgeon at the Presidency appointed till further orders .... 10,513 * A pundit allowed for each battalion of artillery 360 Additional office establishment and stationery allowance in the commissariat department, in consequence of the increased duties of hospital supplies .... 5,000' Permanent establishment for the convalescent hospital at Mahableshwar 144 Allowance for children of soldiers in the central school extended to those of con- ductors, and the allowance continued to all children in that school till the age of 15 672 Office establishment fixed for the deputy pay-master at Sholapore 3,852 Office establishment fixed for the executive engineer at Deesa. 3,876 Increase to the office establishment of ditto in the N. D. Guzerat, in conse- quence of the new station of Hursole , 1,728 ' An ordnance assistant to the commandant of artillery appointed and allowances fixed 3,443 A brigade-major of artillery for the Poona division appointed 5,163 Allowance for office establishment to the acting executive engineer at Sholapore 600' Annual allowance to the Cutwal of the Poona bazar for celebrating the Malia- raem 300 Establishment for the officer stationed on the Mahableshwar Hills 1,116 Increase of salary to Mr. Sundt of the deputy surveyor-general's office 600 Additional salary and office establishment to the judge advocate-general, ap- pointed judge advocate-general of the army and marine • Palanqeen allowances granted to the chaplain at Belgaum 504 Office of inspector of Hill Forts in the Deccan abolished A 2nd class bazar establishment allowed at Ahmednuggur 1,262 Establishment fixed for the church at Deesa 636 Additional establishment allowed to the church at Dapoohe 582 A barrack serjeant allowed at Deesa 168 Office establishments of the inspecting engineers revised Salary fixed for the secretary to the general prize connnittee 2,100 A pundit and school-room allowed for the Nalvah Battro 240 The brigadier- generals commanding the Presidency and Surat division of the army, each allowed an aide-de-camp 5,235 Salary of assistant; adjutant-general and assistant and deputy assistant quarter- master increased to correspond with the Madras rates 5,736 ' Temporary ; rupees 3,240 per annum. - This is the prospective saving by the reduction, as casualties occur, of the situation of four troop quarter-masters. ' Corps since disbanded. * Supposed to be temporary until a vacancy occurs to bring superintending surgeon fresh arrived from Europe on the regular medical staff. ' Since reduced. '' Since discontinued. " Since discontinued. * A marine charge, rupees 4,968 ver annum. N2 6,284 5,688 m Annual Charge. r More. Hospital orderly allowed to each regimental hospital 2,040 The garrison surgeons of Bombay, Tamiah, and Surat, allowed superior batta agreeably to the regulations 4,927 Increase of salary to the members of the medical board (by order of the Ho- nourable Court) 10,998 Ditto ditto to superintendent surgeon ditto 2,400 Ditto ditto to inspected of His Majesty's hospital ditto 4,212 Reduction in the establishment of the brigade of horse artillery of 88 gunners, and 1 5th January 1830, 240 horses The establishment of 25 horses and 101 mules, employed with the foot artillery at Poena and Baroda, broke up and cattle sold Ten elephants, late attached to the Bombay troops in Malwa, transferred to the Bengal establishment The two regiments of European infantry of 8 companies each, reduced to 5 companies each, (Honourable Court's order 13th ISlay, 1829) The salary allowed on the 10th October 1S2S to the officers temporarily ap- pointed to assist in the purchase of horses, prolonged ' A body of cooleys to be employed under the collector in constructing the roads between Dharwar and Belgaum ' Six dooley-bearers allowed for the regiment N. I. at Asseerghur 504 The surveys on the Deccan and Southern Concan, under Captains Graflons and Jervis, discontinued from 31st May 1830 The battalion of native invalid reorganized Reduction on the proportion of blank ammunition for annual practice. The amount of saving as reported by the commander-in-chief is estimated at Reduction in the establishment of the foot artillery Lascar, and of tiie depot of instructions on the expense of artillery practice ; also by the discharge of the draft cattle at the Presidency, and by their measures attending the removal of the 1st battalion from Bombay to Ahmednuggur, computed as per accom- paniments to Mr. Secretary Williamson's letter a Two dooleys allowed for 1st light cavalry at Sholapore 600 Brigade-majors of divisions designated deputy assistant adjutant-general .... 624 Establishment for the Presidency garrison hospital fixed 450 A dooley allowed to the sappers and miners during the fair season ' Eight carts attached to the pioneers employed on the Dharwar road '' A tuttoo allowed to the aqueduct serjeanl at Poona 180 Field establishment of puckalies allowed to the native corps at Poona ' The pay of the boat Lascar attached to the Flying bridge reduced Allowance to the deputy assistant quartermaster-general at Sholapore for the charge of tents 360 Increase to the establishment of boys with native corps, and an increase of pay to a portion of them, as well as to a specific number of the privates in each corps 30,000 A sexton allowed for church at Ahmednuggur 120 Two additional draftsmen in the office of the quartermaster-general An establishment of Halalkhores for the native regiments at Poona 612 Additional bhesties and watermen for the wing of the regiment at Dcesa ' Nine students from the engineer institution transferred to the establishments of executive engineers 3,240 The two extra battalions disbanded The office of brigade-major of artillerj' made distinct from that of ordnance as- sistant to the commandant, and a separate officer appointed thereto 3,507 Officers of European corps placed on halt tent allowance .... The two European regiments of five companies, each formed into one regiment of eight companies A tindal at the Taka ferry discharged Functions of the military board suspended, the secretaryship and assistant se- Less. 98,000 40,000 8,000 128,000 38,000 8,352 27,000 41,044. 744 200,000' 70,000 " 1,12,000'" 180 ' The estimated amount of the further outlay non-sanctioned is rupees 5,000 per 10 months, from Fbruary to December. - Temporary ; computed annual expense, rupees 72,000. ^ Tem])orary, since discontinued ; annual expense 320 rupees. ' Temporary; annual exprnse 1,921 rupees. » Temporary; 315 rupees per month. ' Allowed for six months, total 720 rupees. 'Temporary; monthly expense 191 rupees. ' This annual saving will not be entirely eflfected until after the men transferred and borne as super- nun e aries on the of other corps shall have become effective. ' Lieutenant-colonel, major, captain, lieutenant and ensign 8 — 6 — 39 — 93^-45 more. '" Effective reduced, non-effective reduced, non-commissioned reduced, serjeant, corporal, doo. prov. com. offic. adjutant, quartermaster, sta°'non follow, and sup. cost IS — 30 — 14 — 300 — 1 — 1 — 1 — 14 — 2. 93 Annual Charge. crc'taryship iliscontinued, and the office of accountant and auditor of military store accounts created Establishment of a treasure tumbril at Maliableslnvar during the fair season . . A hospital Serjeant to European general hospital at the Presidency Establishment fixed for the executive engineer at Sholapore A sweeper allowed for the cantonments gaol at I'oona Reductions in the otlice establishments of the conmiissariat at Poona, Surat, Haroda and Bhooj Reductions in the rates of pay of dooley-bearers, camel-drivers, and other com- missariat followers The workmen employed on the roads at Hursole discharged The establishment of artificers with the fooc artillery revised Extra followers for European details attached to the Queen's Royals Scale of office rent for assistant commissary-general revised Allowance granted to the district chaplain of Belgaurn for visiting Dharwar and Kulludghee Expense of the Flying bridge over the Moola river at Poona discontinued. . . . Batta to Sukhghurs of horse artillery reduced Pay of tent and store Lascars reduced, and batta to the latter at field stations struck off The daily grain ration of the mules in Cutch reduced from 7^ to 5 pounds. . . . Two hurkaras of the Cutch force discharged Ninety Bringaree bullocks ditto ditto Additional washermen aiul puckaulie for foot artillery at the Presidency Horse allowance granted to the ordnance assistant to the commandant of artillery Transfer to Baroda of the Roman Catholic priest, formerly maintained by the Bombay Government at Mhow A Lock hospital established at Ahmednuggur Extra office establishment allowed to the auditor and accountant of military store accounts A barrack serjeant allowed for the station at Ahmednuggur Increase of office establishment for the assistant adjutant-general southern divi- sion of the army The allowance for contingencies for bazars of the 2nd class reduced from SO to 2S rupees Rates of clothing stoppages equalized with those of Bengal The commissariat establishment at the timber depot and remount stables dis- charged Reduction of the commissariat office establishment at the Presidency, Surat, Rajcote, Deesa, and Cutch Surgeons and assistant-surgeons of foot artillery allowed, by order of the Hon. Court of Directors, the pay of captains and one lieutenant of artillery The commissariat duties at Vingorla placed under a comvnissariat officer A pay tindale allowed to each company of tent Lascars The pay of the boatmen of the Flying bridge on the Kim river reduced The two Serjeants appointed to take care of the sick officers' quarters at the Presidency returned to their corps, and staff allowances struck off Reduction in the conmiissariat establishment in Kutch, viz. IC camels and 25 dool ey-uearers The regimental bazar establishments of the artillery and engineer corps at Ahmednuggur discontinued Reduction in the commissariat establishment at Rajcote, viz. 250 draft, pack, and brinjary bullocks, and (iO dooley-bearers The situation of overseer in the camp equipage department abolished Reductions ordered at Broach, in consequence of its no longer being maintained as a garrison The troops at KuUudgee (a wing of native cavalry andreginient native infantry) continued on field allowance till further orders An establishment allowed for the church at Ahmednuggur A farrier allowed for the horses of the commander-in-chief More. HOG 120 2,310 I CO 300 4,800 425 3C0 COO 3 1,500 888 '2.t2' Less. 8,86S 5,67C 10, lot 2280 381 y3C 84 15,000 765 480 2,700 304 COO 1,200 27,000 1,116 10,180 !)90 720 3 CO •• 110 ,S36 4,500 1,152 13,678 , , 480 13,000 ' Since discontinued. -Temporary; expense C9 rupees per month. 3 The p.-iy of the persons having been included in the saving efiected by the transfer of Mhow to the Bengal Presidency, it becomes necessary to exhibit it here as an increase of expense. ' Temporary, being limited to a period of six months, at 415 rupees per month. ' By order of the Honourable Court, 4th June 1828. ^ Temporary ; expense about 40,000 rupees per annum. ' No additional expense will be incurred at present, the situation being filled by one of the supernu- merary farriers, with the native cavalry, 94 Annual Charge. Allowance to the oflRcers appointed to superintend buildings of the travellers' bungalows on the Betgaura roads Allowance fixed for the adjutant and quarter-masters of artillery in Guzerat, which appointment was sanctioned on the 5th of March Allowance granted to the surgeons in medical charge of the staff and engineer institution at Ahmednuggur Charge of the staff at Deesa A civU surgeon at Sholapore to have medical charge of the staff and military details, and to draw his military allowance and palanqeen allowance Ditto at the Residencies at Sattara and Bhooj ditto Ditto, and to draw their military allowances The Lock hospital at Sattara abolished The situation of brigade-major in Cutch abolished, and that of line-adjutant substituted Various public offices ordered to remove into the new Town Hall when ready for their reception, causing a saving in the office rent of. Regimental allowances struck off from His Majesty's officers on the staff not borne on the establishment of regiment in India Reduction in the number and pay of the artificers of the ordnance department in Cutch Ditto in the establishment of the bazar department Ditto in the establishment of ordnance mules in ditto The situation of the commanding officer of the escort in Kutch abolished The grain ration for the horse artillery and cavalry horses reduced An establishment allowed for the church at Belgaum A portion of the establishment employed in the late survey in the Deccan re- tained for the purpose of being employed on a survey in Candesh Batta struck off at the frontier stations of Deesa and Biiooj from all classes of persons except European officers The Government allowance for Turf Plates to be run for by country horses in Guzerat and the Deccan struck off Reduction in the equipment of the ordnance mules at Bhooj, and of the allow- ance for keeping up the same, viz. 18 saddles and IS sets of harness in Cutch Further reduction in the number and pay of the ordnance artificers ditto Ditto ditto in the pay of commissariat followers ditto Ditto ditto in the bazar establishment ditto Ditto the field tentage of the general officers commanding the Poona divi- sion of the army The situation of the executive engineer at eight stations abohshed Extra Neet hospital servants at Surat and Broach A peon allowed to take care of the burial-ground at Matoonga The appointment of native adjutant to a detached wing of native cavalry abolished . .■ The battalion of native invalids broke up and men pensioned A writer and stationery allowed for the barrack department at Baroda on the transfer of the duties from the commissariat to the ordnance department .... Two pairs of bullocks allowed at Deesa for drawing water for the European regiment Two puckalies allowed to the foot artillery in Kutch Allowance granted to a Roman Catholic priest at Belgaum. . . ., A treasure chest allowed at Sholapore An immediate reduction of 15 per cent., and a further prospective reduction of 5 per cent., directed to be made in the amount of office establishment, causes a saving which is estimated at Medical officers granted an allowance of IS^ rupees per 100 men per month for corps and details extra to their field medical charge A naique and 9 Ramoosees allowed for the station of Ahmednuggur More. 2,794 1,200 360 732 5,800 72 480 408 216 540 Less. 6,000 636 1,500 1,068 13,200 10,437 » 5,926 1,764 3,162'* 1,095 45,000 180,000 2,400 1,356 1,224 552 1,764 7,200 ' 55,536 210 ro.ooo » 60,000" ' Temporary ; 4 rupees per diem. - The increase in the military department will be for a surgeon 3,347 rupees ; for an assistant-surgeon 2,098 ; but there is a reduction in the civil allowance of 1,800 rupees per annum. J Increase in the military department 1,738 rupees. ■" Decrease in civil ditto 2,098 rupees. * Honourable Court's order, 9th Sept. 1829, published by Supreme Government 26th March 1830. ' Reduced from 68 to 50. ' Honourable Court's order, 19th August 1829. " Temporary ; 110 rupees per montli. ' This sum includes the difference between the pay and pensions, the latter being estimated to average about one-fourth less than the former. '" Temporary; sanctioned 110 rupees per month. II It is not possible at present to estimate the amount of this increase correctly ; the calculation is made for 4,000 men, as being a probable number for whom the allowance may be drawn. 95 Tho late cxocntivc engineers, whose situations were abolished by Government orders Kith June List, appointed assistants to the inspecting engineers of divisions The difTerence between the pay of assistant and executive engineers allowed to six of tho above officers The sit\iation of chief guide abolished The command of Tannah garrison notified to have been abolislied The pioneer corps reduced from eight to six companies The officer inspecting engineer at the Presidency, abolished Reduction of allowance to the two ottlcers attached to tlie I'oona auxiliary liorse Ditto in the establishment of artificers with the horse artillery Ordnance dei)artmentl Arsenal store Lascars reduced in number and pay re-organized. / Reduction in the number of artificers Corps of tent Lascars ditto reduced in the number and pay Increase of establishment to Poona paymaster The situation of brigade to the King's troops at Poona abolished In pursuance of Instruction from the Supreme Government, The whole of the troops in GuzeratT r> i i j /. /. , placed under the command of the ^'''f^ ""^'"'^^ fr"™ ^ ^''' '° ^««™"'l '^ , ai 1- .1 \. class command general othcer as commandmg the >^ . i • i i- , i ^ ,■ ,• ■ . , » • . S- I 1 One paymastership abolished native division, and certain start al- „ ■ • i u • i • ■ • , i- , . 1 11- I Provisional brigade maiorship abolished lowances reduced, viz J => ■> '^ One raoochee and one blacksmith in each troop of native cavalry struck oft" . . . More, Annual Charge. •* — f^ — ^ Less. 14,400 Total Rupees 7,67,500 744 4,920 20,000 14,833 7,200 3,072 30,000 24,000 14,000 3,423 3,240 G,000 0,543 4,536 37,07,498 By Order of the Honourable Court, 15th Dec. 1829. Statement showing the Cost of Grain to 9,738 Horses at Bengal and Bombay, compared with the same number in Europe. Total cost of grain for 9,738 horses at lOlbs. for six months, and 8lbs. for the other six, per diem per horse, is for one year in Bengal rupees 4,54,644, or at two shillings £. .v. d. the rupee 45,464 2 Total cost of grain for 9,738 horses at lOlbs. for eight months, and Slbs. for the other four, per diem per horse, is for one year in Bombay rupees 4,91,995, or at two shil- lings the rupee 49,199 2 6 Total cost of oats for 9,738 horses for one year, allowing a peck of lOlbs. ver diem per horse, at 21 shillings per quarter, is 1,16,667 Europe. Bengal. Bombay. £. s. d. £. s. d. £. s. d. Or ^er hoTse per annum 11 19 11^ 4 13 4| 5 1 Oi This shows that the keep of a horse in Europe in grain alone is more than twice as dear as at either Bengal or Bombay. It is however to be observed, that the amount of estab- lishment in Bengal was 52,782 rupees. Or about £5,278 1 And in Bombay 3,876 rupees. Or about 387 3 Statement of the Number and Prices of Horses purchased during four years on the Bombay establishment for the Cavalry. 1823-4 394 horses purchased 1,64,361 1824-5 737 ditto 3,09,696 1825-6 959 ditto 3,89,621 1826-7 133 ditto 61,861 Total number of Horses.. 2,223 Total rupees.. 9,25,539 General average price, 417 rupees each Horse. Temporary ; 290 rupees per month. ^ Temporary ; 140 rupees per month. 96 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year 1827-28. Issues. Kames of Articles. Quantity. Rate. Amount. Toul. 1S27. May. Adzes, coopers', iron Hinges, chest, brass, iron June. Iron pigs, grey (pigs 739 and 54 pices) cwt. July. Aug. Tin sheets Iron sheets -Jr inch 42 thin ditto 40 . . . Iron, flat,6 . 1 inch bars 32 - 5 - 4 - 4 -34- - 3 -2-5- 18 10 19 40 149 89 Iron, bolt 1 Iron, square 84 2 U U Iron hoops 2 . 1+. H. 1 . Iron rod ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto 135 ditto 45 ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto cwt. cwt. ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto 50 50 398 18 50 19 3 10 do. bundles 9 do. ditto ditto ditto ditto ditto 10 do. 9 do. 10 do. 20 do. 20 do. Axletrees, iron, with brass boxes 6 pounder , with one brass boxes 6 ditto 40 41 20 10 19 54 99 50 60 9 10 9 22 10 30 20 9 9 9 10 20 20 . without ditto,6do. Trucks, cast iron, for 6 pounder garrison carriages, N. P Sept. Files, flat,Europe,l 6 inches doz. . 12 ditto ditto . 14 ditto ditto • 10 ditto ditto . 8 ditto ditto . smooth, 1 8 do. do. 14 do. do. FileSjhalf round,Europe, 1 Cdo.do. 14 do. do. 12 do. do. . 8 do. do. smooth, 1 8 do. do. . 1 2 do. do. Iron work, Europe, for limbers and boxes for light howitzer 5-r inch, weighing 7,323. .sets for travelling 1 8- pounders, weighing 28 3. .sets Spades, country, complete .... Trucks, cast iron pair .Sockets for rockets, 32 pounders , 24 ditto.. , 18 ditto,. Oct. Brushes, hand Cutters portfires G and 3 pounder Drivers, coopers' brass 1 2 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 70 1 9 IG 16 10 8 5 8 8 16 10 16 5 8 8 15 12 17 5 3 16 25 10 12 27 10 3 15 27 4 21 8 14 25 3 14 11 1 r. a. p. 1 3 26 each 1 1 55 pair 3 3 51 cwt. 2 1 25 cargo 13 86 cwt. y^O 83 cwt. 103 2 07 each 103 2 07 103 2 07 23 1 29 27 22 2 22 2 22 2 22 2 1 1 27 2 22 2 22 2 22 2 1 04 doz. 80 80 80 80 39 each 59 04 doz. 80 80 80 S9 each 1 39 38 53 cwt. 15 27 53 cwt. 6 3 1 each 1 23 1 29 each 54 1 1 61 54 1 1 61 52 1 1 61 24 9 2 45 doz. 50 1 40 each 100 1 1 T. a. p. 90 3 69 1 50 1,543 3 47 5 3 12 396 1 32 5,523 3 04 7,246 90 103 2 07 931 2 63 513 38 36 30 18 72 06 66 15 53 9 8 8 36 18 SO 9 8 83 12 12 72 66 06 83 12 160 50 1,543 3 47 402 44 14,318 1 02 8 3 12 303 1 43 780 23 19 2 23 1 29 75 2 94 75 2 94 72 3 72 19 90 55 125 1,591 2 10 97 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year 1827-28. Receipts. Names of Articles, Quantity. llalc. Amount. Tuul. 1827. May. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs. r. a. p. r. a. V- with four copper hoops each . 117 10 54 each 1,185 3 18 Boxes, aiiuminition, musket. . . . 75 3 2 £0 do. 271 3 50 Chests, laboratory, empty 2 55 3 52 do. 111 3 4 Choakcs, fascine 10 C 9 2 40 do. 22 64 do. 96 132 3 84 Coins, mortar, wooden, 10 inch. 4 24 20 80 do. 80 3 20 Doolies, hospital 25 2 72 do. 616 1 28 Fids, wooden, for traces 100 2 66 do. 66 2 Forks, sap IC 3 8 1 33 do. 277 ] 50 do. 133 1 832 28 50 Gins, tied Helves for hoes 927 8G8 3 do. 3 do. 695 1 651 for pickaxes Horses' magazine, wooden .... 100 IG 3 40 do. 1,685 Mallets, fascine 10 5 3 90 do. 22 3 33 do. 9 3 114 Moulds, bullet, brass, king'spistol Platform, gun, traversing 1 331 1 39 do. 331 1 39 Platforms, mortar 2 6 298 1 90 do. 5 1 77 do. 596 3 32 2 80 62 Traps, rat, wooden 7,643 2 28 June. Aprons, wooden, 32 pounder . . 14 2 3 45 do. 40 30 , 24 ditto 17 2 3 45 do. 48 2 65 1 Q A'^**n 47 10 2 3 45 do. 134 2 15 1 O Att*r^ 2 2 31 do. 25 3 10 Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs. with 4 copper hoops each .... 90 10 54 do. 912 060 Beds, cheek, howitzer, heavy. with wooden coins, complete. 5-J- inch coins 5 233 2 14 do. 1,167 2 70 Boxes, ammunition, musket. . . . 252 3 2 50 do. 913 2 Carriages, ammunition, body, with limbers and iron-naved wheels, complete, 12 pounder 4 1,720 do. 0,880 •, ditto, ditto, 9 pomider 4 1,640 do. 6,560 , ditto, ditto, ] 2 ditto 1 1,583 2 40 do. 1,583 2 40 , block, howitzer, light. with limbers and iron-naved wheels, complete, 5-i^ inch .... 2 1,495 2 86 do. 2,991 1 72 with limbers and iron-naved wheels, complete, 5-i-in.,fov trial 1 1,773 2 66 do. 1,773 2 66 Carts, platform, with iron-naved wheels, complete 12 587 3 67 do. 7,055 4 Chest, laboratory, new pattern. . 4 00 3 52 do. 223 1 8 Choakes, wooden, magazine. . . . 450 1 67 do. 187 3 50 Doolies, hospital 20 25 2 72 do. 513 2 40 Fids, wooden 300 2 66 do. 199 2 Furnace or grate, iron, for heat- ing shot 1 1 364 1 33 do. 330 1 67 do. 364 1 330 1 33 67 Gin, field Helves for pickaxes 105 3 do. 78 3 Horses, wooden, magazine .... 75 16 3 40 do. 1,263 3 Jack, iron, for making spun yarn 1 61 66 do. 61 66 Mould, portfire, brass 1 87 2 43 do. 87 2 43 Platform, mortar 1 I 298 1 90 do. 331 1 39 do. 298 1 331 1 90 39 . . trnvcrsuii^ Port, wooden, with a large staple and ring, iron, for castle flag- staff 1 46 1 33 do. 46 1 3S Skids, cast iron, for supporting do. (runs 2 15 52 2 33 do. 9 1 33 do. 105 139 3 GG 95 j^iiiia ..... Trestles, fascine Wedges, mason, iron, with steel point, each 1 2 inches long . . 23 1 2 33 do. 36 1 59 34,554 21 o 98 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year 1827-28. — Continued. Issues. Names of Articles. Quantity, 1827. Oct. Handspikes, trail Harps and staples, brass Nails, brad cwt. . , clout ditto , clasp ditto , rose-headed ditto Planes, toping, coopers' Rivets, iron cwt. Rules, two feet Sa%vs, cross cut , setters • whip Screws, iron, of sorts gross .Shovels Sieves, brass-wire, of sorts .... , iron, ditto Tack, iron cwt. Heads, powder barrel, 50 lbs. old Hoops, copper, powder barrel, 90 lbs doz. , 50 lbs. do. Staves, powder barrel, 90 lbs. old , 50 do. do. Nov. Iron, bolt, -j- inch cwt. , H ditto ditto , 1 ditto ditto , 4 ditto ditto , flat, bar, 4 inch .... ditto , 3i ditto .... ditto , 3 ditto . ditto , H ditto ditto . , 1 ditto .... ditto Arbors for holding knives Bed, cast iron, for machine for cutting elevating screws .... Fly-wheel, cast iron, 5 ft. 5 inch Frame, iron, with brass bearings, and ^ wheels and spindles for machine for cutting elevating screws Handles, wooden, for fly-wheel, cast iron Knives, for male and femalescrews Regulating screw, left-handed . . right ditto ... Fly-wheel, for machines, blowing Iron work, mortar bed, 13 inch, weighing 29 2 20 sets , 10 inch, do. 31 2 21 sets , 8 inch, do. 313 7 sets • , 5^ inch, do. 17 22 sets , howitzer, 1 in. weigh- ing 14 2 23 sets , 8 in. weigh- ing 10 1 10 sets -,5-4 in. weigh- ing 12 2 9 sets , 4t in. weigh- ins 3 3 22 sets 50 100 10 8 20 12 24 2 24 24 20 50 200 12 4 4 2 81 15 378 61 908 9 3 23 55 4 31 27 19 20 9 17 6 2 25 1 1 3 00 26 12 7 16 1 24 1 o 2 6 6 10 12 4 4 6 Rate. 1 2 1 7 18 22 25 1 11 4 6 o 6 7 6 2 1 1 1 P- 75 each 12 do. 87 lbs. 62 mdl. 89 cwt. 87 do. 88 each 28 cwt. 31 each 79 do. do. ^G do. gross each do. 7 do. 25 lbs. 50 each 1 1 32 do. 1 1 32 do. 1 do. 1 do. ^'S 9 S3 cwt. Amount. 84 1 50 28 523 2 228 3 1 2 1 9 379 272 11 50 40 84 80 44 12 56 43 3 44 274 2 96 95 312 500 72 28 26 28 294 30 1 50 19 3 80 502 2 96 15 1 227 1,969 3 2,489 3 bo 617 2 96 8,247 3 85 3,536 3 10 Total. 4,«19 50 16,861 1 49 99 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year 1827-28. — Continued. Heceitts. Names of Articles. 1827. .lulv. Aprons, wooden, 32 pounder . . , 24 ditto .... — , 18 ditto .... Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with i co]iper hoops each . . Barrows, wheel Beaters, hand, wooden Benches, paring Boxes, ammunition, musket. . . . Chest, laboratory, new pattern. . Choakes, wooden, magazine. . . . Coins, wooden, spare 10 inch .. — , 8 ditto . . Cutters, portfire Doolies, hospital Tellies, teak, rough Gin, field Grate, iron, for heating shot. . . . Handspikes, purch.ising Helves for pickaxes Horses, wooden, magazine .... Ladders, scaling, joint Moulds, bullet, musket, brass . . Platforms, mortar , traversing Skids, cast iron, for supporting guns Spokes, teak, rough Tables, laboratory Trestle, fascine Triangles, weighing Aug. Aprons, wooden, 32 pounder . . , 24 ditto.... Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs. with 4 copper hoops each . . Barrows, wheel Beds for gun, 12 pounder Block iron, double, with brass sheaves Boxes, ammunition, musket. . . . Bucket, fire, wooden Coins, wooden, for gun, 12 pounder , spare, 10 inch ... , 8 ditto .. . Cutters, portfire, spare Doolies, hospital Handspikes, purchasing, Eynce wood Helves for pickaxes Horses, magazine, wooden .... Ladders, scaling, joint Pickets, pack Skids, iron, for supporting guns. Triangles, weighing Sept. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with copper hoops each .... Boxes, ammunition, musket. . . . Barrows, wheel Handspikes, purchasing Ladder, scaling, joints Sticks, rocket, with iron sockets, 32 pounder , 24 ditto . . Quantity. 37 !)!) 39 280 7 5 G 1G6 1 1,550 8 4 12 27 100 2 1 94 225 380 29 5 10 100 2 25 5 16 35 91 6 6 3 3G0 12 6 9 3 12 22 100 78 90 33 30 4 4 100 170 2 15 10 54 54 llate. r, a, p. 2 3 45 eacli 2 3 45 do. 2 3 45 do. 10 37 1 2 36 2 32 55 3 2 2 12 4 330 364 14 13 2 39 22 2 298 1 331 1 54 do. 27 do. do. do. .'">0 do. 52 do. 67 do. 63 do. 63 do. 76 do. 72 do. 11 do. 67 do. 83 do. 54 do. do. 70 do. do. 33 do. 90 do. 39 do. 52 2 33 do. 3 2 25 do. 35 1 6 do. 9 1 33 do. 46 2 97 do. 2 3 45 do. 2 3 45 do. 10 54 do. 37 27 do. 6 2 do. 23 33 do. 3 2 50 do. 4 74 do. 2 63 do. 2 63 do. 2 63 do. 12 2 76 do. 25 2 72 do. 14 1 54 do. 3 do. 16 3 40 do. 39 do. 16 35 do. 52 2 S3 do. 46 2 97 do. 10 54 do. 3 2 50 do. 37 27 do. 14 1 54 do. 39 do. 1 1 61 do. 1 1 61 do. Amount. 105 3 65 283 1 55 111 2 53 2,837 259 7 219 601 55 C47 17 8 152 693 427 660 364 1,352 168 5,196 1,131 112 596 662 19 6 152 564 1,438 58 1,516 1,287 482 210 186 20 89 52 50 1 04 2 52 1 12 1 44 1 33 76 3 2 3 65 3 80 2 78 525 3 30 356 1 70 2 12 233 1 25 233 2 85 45 3 20 100 75 922 1 14 222 1 62 39 G9 99 1,305 50 88 12 3 78 1 1 1 3 67 89 12 84 50 32 88 1,013 2 616 1 74 215 3 390 75 2 9t 75 2 94 Tolal. 18,094 2 16 8,690 2 58 O 2 100 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year \S2~ -2%.— Continued. Issues. Xames of Articles. 1828. Jan. Heads, powder, barrel, 50 lbs. . . . Hoops, copper, powder barrel do, Staves, powder barrel Bellows, forge, small, Europe, pairs Drum shells, unserviceable . . . Hoes, mamoties, Europe Feb. Augers, Europe, H inch Coals, Europe chaldrons Iron, bolt cwt. Tin, sheets Tires, wheel, for sling cart .... Iron, rod cat. Bar, brass, with teeth Bars, traversing, carronade .... Bolts, tiighting, 13 pounder. . . . , housing mortar bed,l 3 inch , 5i do. , 32 pounder . . trunnion, 32 ditto. . . . -, 12 ditto Boxes, brass, convertible Box, nave, cast iron, 6 pounder . , 3 ditto . . Carriages, ship, , 24 ditto . . ^ , 1 8 ditto . . , 12 ditto .. , 9 ditto . . , 6 ditto . . , carronade, block, 1 8 ditto , cheek, pounder , ■ 12 ditto ■ 24 ditto ■ IS ditto 12 ditto 12 ditto 24 ditto • with slide, — block, • - cheek. Iron work for battering limber, 12 pounder, 15 sets .... cwt. box, ammunition, 100 sets, 5-j- inch cwt. for box, ammunition, 200 sets, 6 pounder .... cwt. for box, ammunition, 12 pounder, 75 sets .... cwt. of sorts do. for box, ammunition, 75 sets, 9 pounder .... cwt. Naves, brass, with brass box . . Pentails, limber, iron Plates, trail, bed, carronade. . . . Trunnion, shoulder, brass .... .March. Boxes, brass, unserviceable .... Carriage and limber forge travel- ling, English, muster Heads, powder barrel, old, 90 lbs , 50 ditto Hoops, copper, old, 90 lbs , 50 lbs Staves, powder barrel, old, 90 lbs. , 50 lbs. Total. •■3 32 do. 3 32 do. 54 do. 54 do. 66 do. 66 do. 4,326 352 24 3 60 S95 S2 545 64 2,387 2 92 418 3 80 21,077 70 70,953 1 24 29,526 3 98 101 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year 1827-28. — Continued. Ueceipts. Names of Articles. )8'27. Sf])t. Sticks, rocket, with iron sockets, 1 8 poundt'r , portfire Triangle, weighing Yokes, single, spare for traces, N.P Oct. Barrels, powiler, empty, 50 lbs., with 1- cop])er hoops each. . . . Barrows, wheel Boxes, annniinition, musket. . . . Doolies, hospital Nov. Boxes, ammunition, musket. . . . Carriages, cheek, howitzer, with limber, iron-naved wheel, com- plete, General Miller's pattern, 10 inch , garrison, for short gun, complete, with 2 coins each, C pounder Staves, rocket, signal, 2 pounder , 1 ditto , -J- ditto • , \ ditto Chest, laboratory Doolies, hospital Dec. Barrows, wheel Boxes, ammunition, musket .... Doolies, hospital Mallets, Gluirry-wood Platform, mortar, complete .... 1828. Jan. Barrels, powder, empty, 100 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... , 50 lbs., do. Barrows, wheel Doolies, hospital Boxes, ammunition, musket. . . . Slide for boat, 3 pounder Feb. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... Beds, cheek, mortar, 8 inch, with elevating screws, complete. . . Carriages, block, T.l'., with lim- bers and iron-naved wheels, complete, 12 pounder , ammunition, body, with limbers and iron-naved wheels, complete, 12 pounder — , G ditto , 5^ ditto Carts, sling, field, with limbersand iron-naved wheels, complete. . , platform, with navedrtheels, light, new i)attern, complete . . Doolies, hospital Platform, barbatle, complete . . . Yokes, trace, new pattern Carts, platform, with iron-naved wheels, light, old pattern, com- plete Quantity. 52 46 1 100 100 41 4 125 40 125 11 300 300 300 300 1 12 4 125 22 1 1 3 441 3 19 180 1 ISO 10 s 10 4 c 13 1 100 30 Rate. Amount. r. a. 1 1 1 46 61 each do. 2 97 do. 25 do. 3 79 do. 10 54 do. 415 2 14 37 27 do. 148 1 8 3 2 50 do. 45S 50 25 2 72 do. 1,027 80 3 2 50 do. 2,486 1 38 do. 280 1 1 1 1 1 61 1 61 96 do. do. do. 1 61 do. 1 61 do. 3 52 do. 2 72 do. 37 27 do. 3 2 50 do. 25 2 72 do. 1 55 do. 268 87 do. 14 88 do. 10 54 do. 37 27 do. 25 2 72 do. 3 2 49 do. 51 98 do. 10 54 do. 594 2 jj do. 1,680 do. 1,720 do. 1,700 do. 1,720 do. 1,647 98 do. 786 3 67 do. 25 2 72 do. 331 1 39 do. 8 do. 486 3 67 do. 72 3 46 46 2 508 3 1,894 3 P- 72 97 453 50 2,486 1 38 3,090 420 420 420 420 308 64 148 1 8 453 50 564 3 84 1 55 268 87 42 2 61 4,469 2 14 111 487 81 3 68 C52 20 51 98 1,824 1 18 5,946 1 50 13,440 3,440 17,000 6,880 4,941 2 94 4 721 2 2 'sza 3 36 331 1 39 800 14,607 2 10 Total. 5,030 1 21 2,044 52 8,077 1 GO 1,435 2 84 5.814 2 45 t,266 3 49 102 Statement of Gun-cai-riage Department for the Year 1827-28. — Continued, Issues. Names of Articles. Quantity. Rate. Amount Total. 1828. April. Saws, hand, Europe Staves, spunge, ash Trucks, cast iron, small Tin, sheets 80 50 100 r. a. p. 2 3 45 cwt. 3 92 do. do. 4 2 T. a, p. 229 49 22 2 300 2 Rupees 1,48,878 62 Statement of Gunpowder Department for the Year 1827-28. Issues. Names of Articles. Quantity. Rate. Amount. Total. 1827. May. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs. with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, dried& sifted, lbs Sulphur, refined, weighing 1000 cwt casks June. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each . . . Sept. Tent routies, No. 3, complete . . Oct. Clock, register Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, dried &sifted, lbs Bottoms, sieve Hoops for sieves sets Sieves, brass-wire, 30 holes. , . . , 30 ditto , 24 ditto .... Sieves, brass-wire, 18 ditto. . . . , 14 ditto 1,000 9,917 200 900 1 1,300 14,923 4 50 3 3 3 3 3 r. a. p. 10 54 each 2 lb. 8 1 22 cwt. 10 54 each C7 2 do. 48 3 36 10 54 each I 1 32 lb. r. a, p. 10,135 198 1 36 8,305 9,121 2 202 2 48 3 36 13,175 2 198 1 90 6 2 4 52 3 55 75 56 18,638 1 36 9,121 2 202 2 103 Statement of Gun-carriage Department for the Year 1827-28. — Continued. Ueckipts. Names of Articles. 1828 Marcl April 1. Barrels, powder, empty, ."iO lbs., with 4 copper hoo])s each . . . Blocks, iron, double, with brass sheaves Boxes, amnninition, musket. . . . Doolies, hospital Fillies, rough, 1st size , '2nd ditto , .'ird ditto Gins, field Ladder, scaling, joint Platforms, gun, traversing, com- plete . , mortar, complete . . Scales,tangent,forT.P. 1 8 pounder , 6 ditto. Spokes, rough, 1st size , 2nd ditto , 3rd ditto .... Limbers, field-piece, G pounder. Ball, iron,Eprouvelle,(G 64-pound- er) Boxes, ammunition, musket .... Carriages, carronade, 18 pounder, complete , forge, with limber and a spare wheel, complete .... Ladders, scaling, joints Platforms, mortar, complete . . . , traversing, ditto .... Shafts, spare pair Quantity. Rate. Amount. Total. r. a. p. r. a, ;). 130 10 54 each 1,317 2 20 4 23 33 do. 92 1 32 60 3 2 49 do. 217 1 40 9 25 2 72 do. 231 48 2 4 1 11 do. 8 2 22 48 4 1 11 do. 205 1 28 100 4 111 do. 427 3 277 1 50 do. 554 3 20 32 1 76 do. 648 3 20 3 331 1 39 do. 994 17 7 26S 87 do. 1,877 2 9 10 14 3 70 do. 149 I 10 14 3 70 do. 149 1 3 2 25 do. 17 3 25 36 3 2 25 do. 128 1 110 3 2 25 do. 391 3 50 7 767 1 81 do. 5,372 67 12,783 2 78 1 24 2 8 do. 24 2 8 295 3 2 49 do. 1,068 2 55 8 161 2 30 do. 1,292 2 40 1 352 do. 352 10 32 1 76 do. 324 1 60 1 268 87 do. 268 87 1 331 1 39 do. 331 1 39 10 22 1 74 do. 224 1 40 3,886 29 Rupees 182,121 1 41 Statement of the Gunpowder Department for the Year 1827-28. Receipts. Names of Articles. 1827. July. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each. . . . Saltpetre, refined, lbs. Sulphur ditto do. Nov. Barrels, powder, empty, 100 lbs., with 4 copper hoojjs each. . . . . , 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, lbs. , fine, do. , cannon, damaged, . . do. , dried and sifted, lbs Charcoal, ground, do. Saltpetre, refined, do. Dec. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs Quantity. 33 1,000 650 19 1,693 56,600 11,800 2,100 13,940 345 600 867 27,709 Rate. r. a, p. 10 54 each 9 1 72 cwt. 7 3 40 md. 14 88 each 10 54 do. 1 96 lb. 1 96 do. 65 do. 2 do. 18 do. 9 1 72 cwt. 10 54 each 2 lb. Amount. r. a. p- 334 1 82 84 78 182 92 270 72 17,156 22 27,734 5,782 341 1 278 3 20 15 2 10 50 7 8,787 IS 554 72 Total. 600 3 52 51,630 3 31 104 Statement of Gunpowder Department for the Year 1827-28. — Continued. Issues. Names of Articles, 1327. Oct. Balls, brass, 4 inches diameter. . Nov. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs. with 4 copper hoops each. . . . Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, rep lbs. Cylinders, iron, for burning char- coal Levers, iron, for press Dec. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each. . . . Powder, camion, dried and sifted, lbs 1828. Jan. Barrels, powder, empty, whole, with 4 copper hoops each .... , 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops eacli .... Powder, cannon, dried andsi fted, lbs fine, dried and sifted, lbs. Barrels, powder, copper, English, 100 lbs ■ , 50 lbs. Compasses, caliber, large size . . , small do. . . . Glasses, time, half minute Scale, Gimter, brass, 2 feet . . , . Feb. Barrels, powder, empty, 90 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each. . . . , 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs Balls, brass, small, weighing 44-v March. Barrels, powder, empty, 90 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... , 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs Ball, brass, weighing ."2 lbs. . . , iron, Eproiivelle, CS lbs. . . April. Barrels, powder, empty, 90 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each. . . . , 50 lbs. with 4 copper hoops each .... Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, 11)S Ball, brass, 4 inch , iron, Eprouvelle, with keys, 08 lbs '. . Cylinders, iron, large Quantity. Rate. Amount. Total. 200 r. a. p. 84 1 66 each r. a. p. 16,883 30,440 1 41 300 10 54 do. 3,040 1 14,743 11 2 lb. 196 32 1 4 102 67 each 81 2 71 do. 102 67 326 2 84 3,665 ss 587 10 54 do. 5,949 98 29,350 2 lb. 587 6 536 OS 43 14 88 each 611 1 84 1,299 10 54 do. 13,165 1 46 29,700 50 2 lb. 2 do. 594 1 1 2 1 1 6 1 37 2 62 lb. 26 3 78 do. 30 2 22 20 1 1 22 37 2 62 53 3 56 30 2 22 20 7 2 22 14 543 1 70 64 14 88 each 910 32 G84 10 54 do. 6,932 1 36 29,890 400 2 lb. 84 1 66 each 597 3 20 33,766 42,206 88 164 14 88 each 2,332 32 C79 10 54 do. 6,881 2 66 27,159 301 1 2 lb. 84 1 66 each 24 2 S do. 543 72 25,408 3 66 24 2 8 35,190 1 44 262 14 88 each 3,725 2 50 1,130 10 54 do. 11,452 2 20 50,080 200 2 lb. 84 1 66 each 1,001 2 40 16,883 2 4 24 2 8 do. 102 67 do. Ri 49 16 408 2 68 33,520 2 ipees 194,064. 2 60 105 Statement of Gunpowder Department for tlie Year 1827-28. — Continued. Receipts. Names of Articles. 1827. Dec. Powder, cannon, new powder, lbs. , fine, new powder. . . lbs. Saltpetre, refined, do. 1828. Jan. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with 4 coppur hoops each. . . . Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs , cannon, new powder, lbs. , fine, now powder. . .do. Febr. Barrels, powder, empty, 50 lbs., with ■!■ copper hoops each. . . . Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs -, new powder, lbs, . , fine, new powder . .do. March. Barrels, powder, empty, 90 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... ■ , 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops eacli .... Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs • , new powder, lbs. , fine, new powder. . .do. April. Barrels, powder, empty, 90 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each .... ■ , 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each Powder, cannon, dried and sifted, lbs , new powder, lbs. fine, new powder . . . do. (iuantity. 12,500 2,500 600 1,070 28,482 18,750 C,250 1,167 28,350 21,250 8,750 60 649 14,350 16,500 7,000 406 913 54,690 14,750 12,750 Rate. r. rt. p. 1 96 lb. I 96 do. 9 1 72 cwt. 10 54 each 2 OprlOO 1 96 lb. 1 96 do. 10 54 each 2 OprlOO 1 96 lb. 1 96 do. 14 88 each 10 54 do. 2 OprlOO 1 96 lb. 1 96 do. 14 88 each 10 54 do. 2 OprlOO 1 96 lb. 1 96 do. Amoiiiil. r. a. p. 0,125 1,225 50 2 7 10,844 1 80 569 2 56 9,187 2 3,062 2 11,827 2 IS 567 10,412 2 4,287 2 853 SO 6,577 2 46 287 8,085 3,430 5,773 1 28 9,253 1 2 1,093 3 20 7,227 2 6,247 2 Total. 10,741 2 97 23,664 36 27,094 2 18 19,232 3 26 29,595 1 50 Rupees 168,560 1 10 106 Statement of Articles of various Descriptions made up in the Gun-carriage Manufactor}-, and Supplies to the different Departments, from 1st of May 1827 to the 30th of April 1828; exhibiting also their costs. Bombay Gun-carriage Office, 9th April, 1829. Xames of Articles. For and to the Commissary of Stores. 314 aprons, wooden, of sorts 4 balls, cast iron, Eprouvelle 1,345 barrels, powder, 50 lbs., with 4 copper hoops each 28 barrows, wheel 5 beaters, hand, wooden 14 beds, cheek, mortar, with eleva- ting screws complete, 8 in 5 beds, cheek, howitzer, heavy, com- plete, 5-}^ in C benches, paring at 7 blocks, iron, double and treble, with brass sheaves 1988 boxes, ammunition, musket. . 8 carriages, ammunition body, with limber and iron-naved wheels, complete, 1 2 pr at 4 , 9 pr at 1 1 , C pr at 4 8 Rate. , o-J- m at — , block field piece, with limbers and iron-naved wlieels complete, 12 pr., inch at 2 , block, howitzer, light, with limbers and iron-naved wheels complete 54- inch at I , cheek, howitzer, iron, with limber and iron-naved wheels complete, o-,- inch at II ', garrison, with iron trucks complete, 6 pr at 1 howitzer, withlimbersand iron-naved wheels, Sec, complete, 10 inch. General Miller's pattern 6 travelling, for battering- gun, with limbers and iron-naved wheels, IS pr., complete 60 carts, platform, with iron-naved wheels, complete 9 , sling, field, withlimbersand iron-naved, wheels complete .... 8 chests, laboratory 2,000 chokes, wooden, for magazine 10 choakers, fascine 12 cutters, port fire 155 doolies, hospital 1 6 forks, sap 6 gins, field 209 handspikes, purchasing 52 , train 2503 helves for tools, of sorts. . . . 645 horses, wooden, magazine. . . . 1 jack rope, or machine for making spun yarn, large 59 ladders, scaling, joints 7 limbers, spare field piece, com- plete, G pr., made up from alter- ing old ammunition tumbrels. . . 10 moulds, bullet, brass, for king's pistol 1 mould, port fire, brass 5 3 80 each 18 1 10 do. 11 2 75 do. 37 27 do. 2 do. 465 1 91 do. 233 2 14 do. SI 1 44 do. 3G do. 3 2 49 do. 1,720 do. 1,640 3 13 do. 1,583 2 40 do. 1,640 3 13 do. 1,680 do. do. do. 1,680 do. 1,988 40 do. 280 3 96+ do, 2,209 3 11 do. 486 3 67 do. 1,647 1 do. 44 97 do. 98 do. 2 1 do. 6 2 80 do. 25 2 72 do. 7 1 do. 230 1 67 do. 4 do. 5 do. 10 do. 10 do. 32 1 76 each 279 1 do. 5 82 do. S3 1 25 do. .Amount. 1,873 4 73 40 15,719 2 75 1,037 3 56 2 2 6,516 2 74 1,167 2 70 ISS 64 252 7,201 2 12 13,760 6,563 52 1,7419 2 40 6,563 52 13,440 3,360 1,988 40 3,090 3 60 2,486 1 38 13,258 2 66 29,215 20 14,825 1 353 3 76 490 22 2 80 1 60 3.980 1 60 116 1,382 2 2 836 260 2,50a 161 1 198 1 1,913 3 84 1,954 3 52 20 35 1 25 Total. Grand Total. ■5 C3 = -= s ^ I t C 3 X M Tl t*H h c m 5 £ n rt CJ %m 'D 4-» c Zi ^ a E 1-1 ^ C3 X _ a a cj ■*^ , ii ij ■_ C •F" " V3 ■ji ^ ct •T. w -^ ;_ -a ^ =2 > TL T3 13 "n C3 [ft x SI) i^ i> rn . \ 2 ■A C X E , ^A -^ « 'J^ & > /^ fc. r-i ^ c fl» h ' For the use of the grand arsenal. 107 Statement of Articles, &c. —CoJit inucd. Names ol' Articles. 30 pickc ^ park 1 platfonti, barbel, traversing, with cast iron trucks 1 3 , mortar 8 , traversing, field 1 post, wooden, large, with iron rings, iVe., for the Castle flag-statV 20 scales, tangent, brass, complete 16 skids, iron, for supporting heavy guns 46 sticks, port fire 1 6 , rocket, of sorts 2 tables, laboratory 6 traps, rat 40 trestles, wooden 223 yokes, single or pole 200 ditto, trace 6 beds, wooden, spare, for carronade carriage 12 pr. 12 buckets, fire, wooden 8 carriages, carronade, complete, 18 pr 40 coins, wooden, of sorts 1 slide, gun, complete 3 pr. 1 beam, scale, iron, 6 feet - 3 do. ■ 1 bell, brass, with wooden stock, wheel, and iron clapper, rings, axles, &c., &c., complete ^ .... 1 , with iron axles, clap- per and rings, and wooden stock, wheels, &c., complete '■ For and to the Commandant of Ar- tillery. 1 1 frames, shot, wooden 6 rollers, wooden, for rolling heavy guns For and to the Secretary of the Na- tive School-Book School Society. 2 presses, iron, lithograph., complete '' For and to the Agent for Gunpowder. 1101 balls, brass, 4 inch 3 ■ ', cast iron, Eprouvelle, with iron keys 1 cylinder, ship, iron, large, com- plete 4 levers, iron, for press, large .... For and to the Director of the Ar- tillery Depot. 2 balls, cast iron, Eprouvelle, 68 lbs. each, with iron keys at 1 bell, brass, complete, (re-cast) . . 4 knees, cast iron, large G crowbars, iron, large, of sorts . . 1 frame, wooden, large, for water-well 1 , with iron bolts and brass clamps. Sec, complete, to support transit instrument . . . Uute. 12 each 270 350 do. do. 4 do. 60 2 1 3 4 2,9 3 2 4 2 5 7 50 do. do. do. do. do. do. do. do. 3 2 S!)4-do. 3 2 10 do. 154 1 37 do. 3 71 do. 5 2 do. 3 1 do. 115 1 G7 do. 72 do. 24 2 8 do. 81 2 7Hdo. 31 2 57 do. 35 46-i-do. 4 96 do. Amount. 360 388 1 25 3,510 2,800 46 1 33 80 970 SO 2 64 58 21 180 1,115 1,400 22 1 37 42 1 20 1,234 2 98 37 40 51 58 114 1 64 97 335 1 55 246 51 60 2 19 2 230 3 34 198 72 73 2 24 108 5 326 2 86 63 1 14 131 b3 140 1 86 25 1 77 100 1 86 97 1 46 Total. 185,415 3 48 1,387 2 93 760 3 80 230 3 34 706 1 87 331 3 53 223 1 9 Grand Total. 186,803 2 41 760 3 80 230 3 34 706 1 87 334 3 53 223 1 9 }■ J ' For the use of the grand arsenal. 3 For the use of the warehouse-keeper. » For the use of the churcli at Coolaba. ' For the use of the ditlerent fortifications. '" For the use of the depot. - For the use of the Honourable Company's vessels. * For the use of the powder-works. '^ For the use of the church at Rutnacherry " For priming. ■' For the use of the powder-works. ' ' For the use of erecting observatory at Coolaba. 108 Statement of Articles, &c. — Continued. Names of Articles. For and to the Honourable Company's Astronomer. I liammer, iron, large 1 liandle, iron, for crrinding-stone . . 1 hatchet, iron, large 1 model, wooden, of the observa- tory (now building at Coolaba), scale i inch to a foot 20 rings, iron, larLre 1 siiovt'l, iron, large, with wooden lon>; handle 1 table, teak-wood, large, with a lid and several divisions, 9 inches square each, to receive chrono- meters 1 trough, wooden, 300 feet long, 6 inches wide, and 6 inches deep 1 wheel, wooden, complete, for drawing water from well For and to the Marine Storekeeper. 1 dog-bolt, large, iron at 2 dredges, iron 1 lid, cast-iron, for a tank, iron . . . 1 plate, with rollers, cast iron, ac- cording to pattern furnished .... 1 roller, cast iron, with wrought iron bolt For and to the Honourable the Go- vernor. 1 soush, cast iron Rate. r. a. p. 5 2 41 each 3 2 S2 do. Amount. 20 2 52 do. 2 telegraphs, complete ' at 294 2 4-}- do. (Errors Excepted.) r. a. ji. 3 62 2 74 3 1 77 24S 1 95 112 20 3 2 82 132 2 32 390 52 292 56 Total. Grand Total, 10 2 33 41 3 4 6 66 10 3 78 31 3 51 10 3 56 589 9 1,148 2 60 1,148 2 60 101 1 32 10 3 56 589 9 101 1 32 10 3 56 589 9 Rupees 190,765 2 75 ' For the use of erecting observatory at Coolaba. ' For the use of the signal. (Signed.) A. Masson, Agent for Gun-carriages. - For the use of the marine department. Dr. Account Current. Gim -carriage Manufactory. 1825. Mayl. 1826. Ap.30 To Balance, viz. Articles prepared for supplies Unfurnished in hands To Expenditure of Stores for the Year 1825-26. r. a. p. 129 axletrees, iron, of sorts, weighing 224 1 19..nid. 10 2 88i 54-i- candies babool firewood Cy 3 1 97 144 baskets, rattan each 2 21f 2 pounds black lead dust per lb. 1 50 blocks, circular per 100 55 2 22 50 3 26tV brass confortible per lb. 2 7i 41 pairs bolts, brass, for bookcase per pair 1 1 54 36 lbs. borax per lb. 1 98 SO 1 12i brass, cake do. 186 1 5-iV lbs. brass, sheet 2-^ lbs. do. plate 357 bricks, China each 151 14,159 bricks, Europe do. 42^ 22 brooms, common do. 16 J r. a. p. r. a. p. 29,032 1 61 173,635 2 38 202 GG7 3 99 9,622 1 52 190 1 36 79 2 85 2 27 3 11 2,961 1 84 56 3 14 17 3 77 1,581 1 37 7 2 68 1 50 134 3 29 1,495 3 88 S 66 100 Quantity of Gunpowder issued during the Years 182G, 1827, and 1828. Common Powder. Fine Powder. Uis, oz. dr. lbs, ox, dr. Quarter ending SOtli April 1826 7,002 14,508 31st .luly 124,172 2 42,183 31st October 4,337 10 9,645 31st J:inuary 1827 90,143 18 30,682 30tii April 32,615 31,528 31st July 18,341 4,944 9 31st October 25,267 8,910 9 31st January 1828 99,320 5,772 31st April 170,588 51,267 13 31st Julv 00,372 8 01,073 31st October 08,990 8 1,573 31st January 1829 66,980 7 24,371 4 8 774,141 15 286,464 3 8 lbs, OS. dr. r. a. p. r. a. p. 774,141 15 common powder at 1 96 per lb.— 379,329 2 19 286,464 3 8 line ditto at 1 90 ditto.— 140,367 1 86 (Signed.) P. Fearon, Secretary to the Military Board. Statement of the Quantity of Gunpowder manufactued in the Bombay Powder- Works during the Years 1823-24, 1824-25, 1825-26, 1826-27, 1827-28. Showing the Total Annual Amount of the Bills of Establishment, &c.. Sec, delivered to the Paymaster-general, vi/. : — Official years. Total Amount of Bills delivered to the Audit Office and Military Paymaster-general . New Gunpowder. Common. Fine. 100 11). Barrels. 100 lb. Barrels. Total. Barrels lOOlbs. each. Pounds. 1823-24 1824-25 1825-20 1820-27 1827-28 r. a, p. 42,241 3 77 37,576 1 4 40,745 80 30,0, 4 1 17 30,106 2 37 2,960 3,092 3,111 S12i l,009i 555 430 392 6921 41 Si- 3,515 3,522 3,503 1,505 1,422 351,500 352,200 350,300 150,500 142,200 Account Current. Per Contra. Cr. 1820. Ap. 30. By made up during the Year 1825-26. r. Axletrecs, iron, Europe, completed 136 barrels, powder, lOOlbs., with 4 copper hoops, each each 1 5 6081 . , 50lbs do. 12 1 basin, evaporating 2 beds, howitzer, heavy, 54- inch each 287 1 , light, 54- do 2 beds, mortar, , 1 3 do each 1 1 , cheek, , 1 do 1 , , , 8 do , 2 beds and coin, 9 pounder each 4 227 benches or forms do. 5 26 , with arm, hospital do. 30 4 , carpenter's do. 50 6 , paring do. 3 1 2 • , mealing do. 77 2 bells, brass 100 heaters, hand each 3 binnacles, brass, patent a. 7'- 2 1 1 75 2 40 89 1 44 2 24 O r. a. p- 2,446 o 32 2,108 1 SO 5,032 1 75 45 2 15 575 80 272 1 52 1,220 020 2 37 576 27 8 1 78 1,135 780 202 24 188 04 155 48 703 50 106 99 110 Dr. Account Current — Continued. Gun-carriage Manufactory. r- 74- 1S26. Ap. 30. To Expenditure of Stores for the Year 1825-26. r. a. 22 brushes, painting each 3 290,425 cakes, cowdung mil. 2 3 4b. 22y. canvas 1 1 15 chalk per lb. 64,383 baskets, charcoal per 100 23 2 3 27-5- charcoal dust 10 11-J- bushels, coal, Europe 6 3 3 coin, loose 20 coats camlin each 1 2 DO 58 12 J convertible 295 3 7 copper, sheet per cwt. 1118 cloth, green, fine per yd. 37 27 , coarse do. 14 pounds cotton md. 35 crucibles, black lead each 100 crucibles, earthen do. 5 sets crucibles, Europe per set 350 crucibles, Bussora, small each 8cwt. 3qrs. Gibs. Daunner md. 7 yards damask, red per yd. 2 1 10 earth, red per lb. 94- pounds emery do. 8 corges glass panes each 1 17-Tglue per lb. 2 pairs handles, chest, brass 30 , iron per pair 173 pairs handles, drawers orrecobs, brass . . do. 23 hasps and staples each •i- hide, calf 147 pairs hinges, butt brass per pair 52 i- , iron do. 214- 1 chest, iron do. 6 — , brass do. 10,043 hoops, copper 7 ins. 1600,2 4G4- iron, bar per cwt. 64 9 3 6 6 2 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 3 9 13-4 35 -0 21 37 334- 97 191- 92 50 1 634- r. a. p. 16 3 60 798 2 67 106 3 70 2 2 62 14,808 36 21 3 72 644 3 33 57 23 34 1,860 19,160 109 125 3 220 82 8 1 2 , pig md. , hoop , old per c« t. , rod per lb. , sheet per cwt. , work, Europe, for field carriages . . , for carronade carriages .... 563 15 3 29 1 9 47 2-i. 47 2 308 2 17 53 6 58 154- 1 piece kharva, red 2 11 lead, pig 52 skeins, line, log per skein 2 84- linen Dangaree per yd. 41 locks, bookcase, brass each 3 locks, chest,brass do. 3 . , iron do. 10 1 454 55 29 46 23 17 7 39^ 13 59 work, old per cwt. 27 86 34 1 284 614 158 locks, drawer, brass and iron 2 locks, pad, brass each 4 1 3 224-g- nails, brad, iron per lb. 44- lbs. nails, burnished brass do. 1 3 2 214- nails, copper do. 32 1 54-f nails, iron 6 2 164- oil, cocoa nut per lb 6 3 1 6i oil, Jingerly do, 5 3 1 9 linseed oil do, 3 lbs. oil, preservative I 1 64- paint, black do. 1 9 1 IHpaint, white do. 1 112 27 pipe clay do. 45 planks, black wood each 61 3 140 planks, Calicut, 7 and 6 inch, measuring 17,979 I4- 463 , 5 inch square, 15,816 6 2H 174- 3 14 3 504, 38} 534 1 564- 12* 8 40 116 87 40 63 5 53 96 35 25 4 85 3 25 3 8 21 12 3 52 2 94 100 37 1 22 10 3 23 30 157 85 4 3 86 1 1 77 624 3 71 2 38 29 3 32 48 1 74 16,223 12 16,492 95 2,351 1 52 189 42 205 1 25 529 1 58 653 1 48 12,815 1 17 2,436 38 1,586 2 45 2 2 17 73 52 14 65 54 34 59 41 3 39 1 182 129 6 3 735 8 173 4 362 1 31 1,394 2 78 49 3 15 102 259 40 3 1 44 2 295 1 31 3 2,783 1 11,325 1 33 73 62 67 1 6,873 3 70 Ill Account Current. — Conlinited. Per Contra. Cr. 182G. Ap. 30. By macif up during the Year 1825-26. 2 blocks, cliopping each IS , wooden, for brass sheeves do. 18 , cast iron do. 5 , double and triple, with brass sheeves each 870 boxes, ammunition, musket do. r. a. ;>. 30 25 8 1469 - 6- 1 5 5 5 1 • \ o , 36 4 4 1 •10 3 2 3 2 3 2 -, sliot and shell do. — , sentry do. — ■, ammunition for carronade, 12-pounder. . — , matelc each — , kitt do. — , mealed powder do. -brass — , packing, deal wood ... — , iron, with wooden boards for pressing paper • • • 168 bolts, eye and ring • • • 2 bookcases, teakwood each 57 I 20 buckets, gun do. 4 2 9 carriages,ammumtion, bodywithlimbers, 12lbs.do. 1720 10. , 6 do. do. 1640 3 2 — • , 5-i-inchdo. 1700 2 , block, field-piece, with limbers, 18-pounder. . . .each 12 do. 6 do. -, liowitzer, cheek, with limbers, 8 inch. , heavy, 54- inch each , light, 5-5- inch do. -, carronade, with slide, 32-pounder . . . , without slide, 12-pounder. . ,18 do. .. — , garrison , 32 , 24 : ., 18 , 9 -, ship, — , 12 6 10 1 1 3 28 1 6 2 2 1 12 2 1 1 33 carts, platform each 2 sling, field, with limbers do. 50 chains, drag, rope, of sorts do. 35 , black wood do. 16 , teak wood . .• do. 1 chest, laboratory, 8 inch 1 , 54- do 20 1 1 59 -, travelling, with limbers, 1 8 , 12 do. do. do. do. do. do. do. 1680 59 580 2781 -, transport, mortar . — , clothing, hospit.il each — , weather — , powder — , arm, package, heady each 8 coins, wooden, s])are, 8 inch do. 1 4 cots, wooden, with bolster do. 1 cot, wooden, hollow, new pattern 1 , field 2 collars, wrought iron 1 9 couches, teak wood each 2 cupboards, ditto do. 2 cushions, damask do. 1 desk, writing, with bookcase, black wood 7 , teak-wood .... eacli 2 , without ditto ditto do. 1 , minister, ditto 1 Despence, teak 317 doolies, hospital each 5 ilag-stafls, with top-mast do. 10 50 66 13 2391 2 1680 1510 786 3 67 1647 1 10 6 3 44 40 7 1 2 12 3 96 12 181 1 7 13 3 165 90 1 90 SO 630 1 98 r. a, p, 60 325 144 180 3,480 6,279 3 240 40 17 2 17 2 18 50 3 21 18 1 13 4,783 10,080 15,100 2,340 1,760 5,040 6,623 9S 459 1,195 590 1,160 540 2,137 5,563 2,629 1,321 25,968 3,294 500 210 48 56 52 882 296 7 413 12 181 13 22 90 228 362 27 458 1,155 180 49 70 9,510 3,152 55 2 652 2 114 3 90 10,320 16,407 3 30 3,400 1 91 2 88 1 10 112 Dr. Account CuTTent.—Coiiiinued. Gun-carriage Manufactory. 18:26. Ap.30. To Expenditure of Stores for the Year 1S25-26. 3,200 planks, Calicut, of sorts, measuring 1,30,100 4 75 planks, deal wood each 34 1 9 planks, heady wood per corge 4 corges rafters do. 15,659 rattans per mill. 14,358 rivets, copper each 214- rivets, iron per lb. 18 2 4 rope, coir md. 15 2 50 rope, Europe per cnt. 224- rope, cotton 1 5 lbs. rosin per lb. 230 cart-loads sand, casting per cwt. 28 screws, elevating each 942g. 9d. lOe. iron, of sorts per gross 1 04- lbs. seed, lack per lb. 5 sheeves lignum vitas wood each 35^ tollas, silver 41 staves, sponge each 2 stones, grinding do. 2 1 steel spring per lb. 23 94- steel md. 20 summerhead, China 12 , Cudjeons 1 1 444- tacks, tin per lb. 1 skein tape, red 2 21 tar, Europe 60 2 timber, Babool per piece 80 9 •, Bassian, measuring 1,097 H guz. 6 8 black wood per piece 168 154- black wood, Bendy do. 4 1 black wood, Calicut, 1 sort, measuring, 753 1 4- -, 2 sorts, measuring 676 24- guz. -, crooked, measuring 242 S-J-guz. 7 "^ ' -nr 18 13 , 4 11 , 16 4 black wood, Eynee per piece 19 7 , Toolpady, measuring 302 2 1-}-. .guz 4 2 16-rV tin per lb. 12 trucks, cast iron, for garrison carriages I 1 1 7 T turpentine, spirits 10 cwt. 3 124 tutenag I I lbs. twine per lb. 119 wax, bees' do. 6 pieces wax cloth per piece 3 24^ wire, brass per lb. 6 wire, iron do. r. a. p. 5 2 8 18 15 2 76 90 2 1 49 37 20 374- 2 59 414- 1 3 6 99 2 2 1 84- 20 3 88 1 32 5 3 75 1 1 84 4 1 40 9 2 43 9-5 91 3 48 14 26 7 25 5 2 49 9 2 1 68^ 1 64-S 2 614 3 1 1 84 92 To Pay and Allowances. Established allowances 27,333 2 80 Contingencies 123,942 96 To made up during the Year 1825-26. Articles completed 56,648 412 378 72 243 263 12 175 580 11 1 460 1,654 1,664 2 12 37 11 41 83 548 12 3 211 4 2 5,228 10,422 5,507 15,505 16,259 6,702 1,714 1,821 2,874 219 279 85 343 12 30 18 138 1 a. p. 8 2 2 90 2 70 11 94 61 55 62 59 8 35 2 15 58 3 76 64 1 65 2 97 2 19 3 61 2 80 37 37 1 43 2 44 29 38 36 85 98 48 95 98 7 82 1 o o 1 1 3 3 1 3 2 81 1 52 264,613 1 30 151,275 3 76 415,889 1 6 274,595 1 97 113 Account Current. — Continued. Per Contra. Cr. 1826. Ap. 30. By iiiadi' up during the Year 1825-26. 1 flag-staff, portable 20 frames, target each 2 , triangular do. 2 galleys, double, iron 3 gins, field each 1 gurry, grass 729 handspikes, purchasing each 12 ditto ditto 13S5 helves for tools of sorts each 26 horses, wooden do. 2010 , magazine do. 771 . 6 iron work, cast 114 kegs, grease each SO ladders, scaling, joints do. 20 linstocks, wooden, with lock complete do. 12 mallets, black wood do. 2 , large do. 1 maulelet, iron 220 models, in brass, for iron work 7 moulds, brass, musket-ball each 1 , bullet, brass 14 , portable, ditto each 4 , rocket, ditto do. 1 music-stand 6 4 pickets, park each 50 pairs, spare, for limber do. 1 platform, garrison 3 , mortar each 3 , traversing do. 1 plate, cast iron 36 ditto ditto . -, with 5 rollers 27 poles, limber, spare each 5 presses, hospital, large, with drivers do. 3 , paper, teak-\vood do. 1 , on stand 3 , wooden, for pressing paper 20 racks, clothing each 50 rollers, cast iron, small 3 ditto 1 ditto, with 2 springs 30 scales, tangent each 1 scraper, cast iron 1 , wrought iron 40 scuttles, brass, complete 1 4 shafts, spare each 10 sockets, iron 50 spokes, teak 50 spikes, marline each 6 standard sizes do. C37 staves, rocket do. 51 sticks, ditto do. S , Gugging black wood do. 2 stools, teak wood do. 1 , kneeling 50 sockets, rockets, for stick 10 tables, camp, teak each 1 , desk, drawing, teak 1 , folding 4 , laboratory each 181 , mess do. 3 , writing, with a slope and fine cloth and locks, black wood each 1 ' , teak do. Q r. a. /'• r. a, p. • ■ • * 01 94 20 400 18 45 36 90 1,948 3 95 304 3 25 914 1 75 33 2 7 4 2,916 11 83 1 1,385 10 260 2 1,005 2,276 2 15 5 2 9 629 2 26 48 1 44 1,450 3 20 8 1 80 169 1 20 4 1 51 11 85 22 1 70 373 34 76 22 154 . • • • 5 82 35 1 25 494 1 50 20 80 • • • • 216 12 768 2 100 520 270 810 350 1,050 3 2 94 453 1 95 18 2 13 19 3 70i 538 201 2 19 1,007 2 95 143 3 79 404 3 37 132 25 • • • ■ 643 2 35 45 900 12 3 32 45 2 74 40 2 36 6 ISO • • • • 12 1 89 • • > • 15 1 32 • ■ • • 845 2 40 19 1 o 269 2 28 379 85 195 3 50 3 150 15 90 1 037 10 510 21 63 8 3 88 17 3 76 4 3 25 428 3 6/ 30 590 • • • • 169 77 • . ■ • 45 29 116 15 2,715 300 900 233 3 25 Dr. 114 Account Current. — Continued. Per Contra. Brought forward r. a. p. 893,152 3 2 ISJC. Ap.30. By made up during the Year 1825-26. 18 traps, rat each 6 triangles, flogging do. 2 , weighing do. r. a. P' 10 15 1 94 42 54 2 50 60 10 100 tressels, spare, for cott do, 2 trunks, wooden, for bullocks . . each 1 tumbril, treasure 5 tubs, match 390 yokes, double each Sundry trifling Articles, viz. 1 anvil, with steel face and cutter .... 1 roller, iron 4 crucibles, iron 2 gravers, steel, with wooden handles . 4 ladles, iron 1 mortar, cast iron 12 gads or wedges, iron 2 screws, female Made up and Repaired for the Lithographic Department. Made up. 6 springs, steel .... 5 handles, iron .... 5 scraper cases, cast iron, with screws .... 6 dozen pins, steel .... 2 screws, iron, spare . • . • 2 bars, iron . • ■ • 1 ditto, cross . . • • 26 poimds iron, wrought .... Repaired. 1 scraper case .... 1 trome iron .... 5 springs, steel .... 1 cross bar, iron .... 2 handles, iron .... 10 presses, hthographic .... 15 2 11 1 287 2 By Supplies during the Year 1825-26 To the Commissary of Stores. 136 barrels, powder, 100 pounds, with 4 copper hoops each each 6081 ditto ditto 50 pounds, do. 2 beds, howitzer, heavy, o-J- inch . . . do. 1 , hght, 54- do 2 beds, mortar, , 13do....each 610 1 cheek, , 10 do , 1 , 8 do , 2 and coin, wooden, spare, 9 pounder 4 benches, carpenter's each 50 6 . , paring 33 -, mealing each 77 1 bell, brass 1 00 beaters, wooden each 1 3 blocks, wooden, with brass sheeves do. 5 — ■ — , iron, double and treble, with brass sheeves each 915 boxes, ammunition, musket .... 14C9 , shot and shell, of sorts. . . 1 , ammunition for carronade 5 , match each 5 , kitt do. 5 , mealed, powder do. 36 4 1 20 buckets, gun do. 6 carriages, ammunition body, with limbers, 12 pounder each 1720 6 60 24 90 50 Cr. 180 92 84 200 100 1,337 32 3,900 P- 64 8 20 60 49 121 1 50 295 34 274,595 1 97 2,108 75,632 575 272 1,220 020 576 8 202 203 155 187 1 se 1 75 80 1 52 2 37 27 1 78 24 1 60 48 1 64 50 325 180 3,606 1 12 6,279 3 90 40 73 17 2 17 2 18 50 90 10,320 ii: Tin. Brought forward r. a. p. 893,152 3 2 Account Current. — Continued. I'or Contra. Cb. a. p. 18i.'6. Ap.30. By Supplies during the Year 1825-26 To the Commissary of Stores. 10 carriages, ammunition body, with limbers, 6 pounder. .. .each 1040 3 13 2 ditto, howitzer, Scinch.. do. 1700 2 _- -, block field piece, with limbers, 1 8 pounder . . . each Q , 12 pounder. do. 10 . 1 (i ditto . .do. 1 . , howitzer, heavy, 5.J- in. —, light, 51 do. each 1G80 2391 1C80 1510 28 carriages, carronade, with slides, 32 pounder 1 .without do. 1 2 pounder 6 — , with iron trucks, 18 do. 1 carriage cheek, howitzer, with limber, 8 pounder 2 carriages, garrison, 32 pounder . each J 24 ditto — . , 18 ditto , 9 ditto . -.ship, 12 ditto. -. travelling, with .each 597 2 580 90 16,407 3 3,400 4,783 10,080 15,100 1,7(;0 5,040 6,C23 98 459 limber, 18 po"under each 2781 , 1 2 ditto -, transportmg mortar each .do. 33 carts, platform 2 , sling, field, with limbers 40 pairs drag-ropes, of sorts do. 6 chairs, black wood do. 1 chest, laboratory, 8 inch 1 , 5i ditto 1 chest, weather 1 . , powder 59 , arm, package each 8 coins, wooden, spare 1 cupboard, teak 317 doolies, hospital each 5 flag-staffs, with top-mast do. 1 . , portable 3 gins, field each 1 gurry, brass 676 handspikes, purchasing each 1384 helves for tools, of sorts . . . .do. 2010 horses, wooden, magazine . .do. 114 kegs, grease do. 80 ladders, scaling, joints do. 20 linstocks, with iron cocks do. 2 mallets, wooden do. 1 mantelet, iron 7 moulds, brass, musket-ball .... each 1 , bullet, brass 13 , portfire, ditto each 4 • ■, rocket, ditto do. 1 music-stand 64 pickets, park each 50 pins, spare, for limber do. 1 platform, garrison 3 . , mortar each 3 , traversing do. 27 poles, spare do. 30 scales, tangent do. 1 screw, elevating 14 shafts, spare each 50 spokes, teak 50 spikes, mortar each Q2 786 1647 10 6 11 67 .2,340 1,195 1 590 1,160 540 1,380 !'■ 30 21 71 82 33 80 85 7 30 630 98 304 3 4 1 5 48 8 11 22 35 1 20 12 270 350 19 3 6 25 71 19 1 3 5,563 2,629 1,300 25,968 3,294 2 400 36 56 2 52 296 7 413 12 181 9,510 3,152 61 914 33 2 2,704 1,384 1,005 629 2 1,450 3 169 1 22 1 573 154 5 459 SO 216 768 100 520 810 1,050 538 180 59 269 2 195 3 150 22 8 79 11 43 60 91 7 90 94 1 75 2 7 26 20 20 70 34 68 17 41 29 50 116 Dr. Brought forward r. a. J). 893.152 3 2 182C. Ap.30. Account Current. — Continued. Per Contra. Cr. By Supplies during the Year 1825-26. To the Commissary of Stores. 600 staves, rocket each 51 sticks, ditto do. 5 1 socket, ditto 4 tables, laboratory each 1 triangle, weighing 1 tumbril, common treasure 5 tubs, match 3S0 yokes, double each 7 carriages, muster, Europe Repaired. Carts and carriages Carriages, ship, of sorts Barrels, powder, of sorts To the Commissary-general. 1 basin, evaporating 227 benches or forms each 26 ■ , with arm, hospital . do. 2 blocks, chopping do. 6 boxes, sentry do. 2 bookcases, teak wood do. 29 chairs, black wood do. 1 6 , teak wood do. 20 chests, clothing, hospital do. 14 cotts, wooden, with bolster . . . .do. 1 , field do. 19 couches, teak wood do. 1 cupboard, ditto 2 cushions, damask 1 desk, writing, with book case, black wood 7 — ■ , teak wood . .each 2 . , without book-case, teak each wood mniister 1 Despence, teak wood 20 frames, target each 2 , triangular do. 26 horses, wooden, large do. 12 mallets, black wood do. 5 presses, hospital do. 3 , paper do. 1 , on stand 20 racks, clothing do. 10 sockets, iron 6 standard size each 3 sticks, Gugging black vpood do. 2 stools, teak 1 , minister 10 tables, camp, teak do. 1 table or desk, drawer, teak 1 , folding 165 , mess each 3 , writing, with slope, black wood each -, teak wood 1 1 8 trai)s, rat each () triangles, flogging do. 100 tressels, spare, for cott do. 2 trunks, wooden, bullock r. 1 10 a. i>. 29 10 5 SO SO 40 57 1 6 3 600 510 428 3 116 r- 67 42 54 1,337 32 3,300 3,297 1 250,505 2 11 19,189 2 11 3,077 2 44 3,030 2 65 44 40 12 3 96 12 165 90 1 90 20 18 45 10 41 201 2 134 3 45 15 21 30 15 300 10 15 1 94 2 45 2 15 ,135 780 60 240 114 3 32 174 48 882 181 3 44 22 2 25 228 181 1 7 27 2 458 2 44 1,155 ISO 49 70 400 36 260 51 1,007 404 132 900 370 90 63 17 4 300 169 45 2,475 90 2 95 3 37 25 85 900 233 3 180 92 3 200 100 1 275,803 1 31 76 25 77 25 64 20 117 Dr. Account Cun-eiit. — Continued. Per Contra. Cr. Brought forward r. a . p. 893,152 3 -i Vp.SO. By Supplies during the Year 1825-26. For the Church at Tannah. r. 1 bell, brass, complete For Assay-master. 1 plate, cast iron Repaired. Boxes, sentry 394 Fire engine 11 a. p. To the Marine Storekeeper. 3 binnacles, lamp 1C8 holts, eye and ring 4 carriages, ship, 12 pounder 2 galleys, double, iron 2 plates, iron 46c\vt. Iqr. 6lbs. iron work, cast . . 3G plates, cast and wrought iron . . < 1 triangle, weighing , 50 rollers, cast iron, small 3 ditto , 40 scuttles, brass, complete Repaired. 4 boilers 3 beams, scale, iron 10 3 49 18 1 89 9 To the Superintending Engineer. 5cwt. Sqrs. lOlbs. iron work, cast. . . . 18 blocks, cast iron each 2 collars, wrought iron . . . . To the Secretary of the Military Board. 3 20 brass work containing models, iron work . . . . 1 box for packing the above . . . . To the Superintending of Government Lithographic Department. 2 boxes, iron, with wooden board, for pressing paper . . . . 3 presses for pressing paper . . . . 6 springs, steel . . . . 5 handles, iron . . . . 5 scrapers, cast iron, with screws .... . . . . 20 pounds iron work, wrought . . . . 6 dozen pins, steel .... 2 screws, iron, spare . . . . 2 bars .... 1 cross bar, iron .... Repaired. 1 scraper-case 1 frame, iron 5 springs, steel 1 cross bar, iron 2 handles, iron^ 10 presses, lithographic. To the Secretary of the Native School Book Society. 1 roller, with 2 springs . . . . 1 scraper-case, cast iron . . . . 1 , wooden . . . . 1 spring, steel, with 2 springs and 2 scrapers, repaired . . . . r. a. p. 515 2 80 3 2 94 I4,99C 3 6 405 2 75 116 99 652 2 45 757 2 1 1,948 3 95 18 2 13 1,309 2 91 453 1 95 42 54 12 3 32 45 2 74 845 2 40 6,253 1 39 29 1 38 271 1 60 162 90 2 97 76 18 1 13 55 2 12 643 2 35 295 34 40 2 36 12 1 89 15 1 32 5 1 16 73 2 73 15,402 1 31 6,282 2 77 524 57 94 1 13 994 81 118 Dr. Account Current. — Continued. Per Contra. Cr. Brought forward r. a. p, 893,152 3 2 1S26. Ap. 30. By Supplies during the Year 1825-26. Repaired. r, a. p. 2 lithographic presses 41 79 Iron work for ditto 9 1 40 To the New Mint. 12 handspikes, purchasing .... To Messrs. Forbes and Co. 7 3 4 iron work, cast .... 1 grating, iron .... To Messrs. Leckie and Co. 8 126 iron work, cast .... To the Agent of Immaum of Muskat. 8 116 iron work, cast .... To the Commissary-general for the Statistical Reporter. 1 anvil, with steel face and cutter ") 1 bottle, iron I 4 crucibles, iron 2 gravers, steel, with wooden handles v 4 ladles, iron ( 1 mortar, cast iron 12 gads or wedges, iron, with steel point | 2 screws, female J To the Government of Fort JVilliam. 75 cheeks, wrought hole "I — , half f r. a. p. 50 2 19 11 83 69 By Repairs. Repairing department,— tools, &c. . . Erecting air furnace Repairing model-rooms and pressers . By unserviceable condemned. 4 blocks, train 60 baskets, fire 40 , forajje 933 10 plank, teak 91 3 2 timber, teak 40 cheeks, block, carriage 4 bottoms, wooden 4 w heels, brass-naved, 1 8 pounder 1 wheel, platform, cart 1 3 naves, brass 1535 fellies, teak 240 fellies. Bendy 536 spokes By Charges. Pay and allowances to conductors Pay to lascars and overseers . . . . Office establishment Department expenses Models 983,152 By altering and filing. Charges on Europe axletrees and iron work By Balance. Articles prepared Ditto, unfinished, in hand 199 1 59 59 2 17 146 3 50 349 55 121 1 50 r. a. p. 124 92 11 83 258 3 76 146 3 50 349 55 — 121 1 50 7,190 11 3,186 1 50 2,269 9 673 1 23 6,128 2 82 348 150 120 168 2 1,490 3 10 1,000 2 1,181 28 83 3 31 780 6,519 51 240 1,993 3 79 14,027 99 2,680 7,835 2 80 4,428 3,680 40 2,826 3 58 21,450 2 78 12,966 49 636,471 C2 25,037 3 66 231,643 2 74 256,081 2 40 Rupees. . .893,152 3 2 o O V (X I 00 C3 c 1? s.'S 119 , t^ 1^ (^f o 91 o ~o O 00 <»< CO ■* d ^^ « OJ o o 0< •o OOOClt^O "O •-■5 (X CO ■* '-O C5 ■* CO c ■ — lOOlN^OOOOOOTCT o -' -H o o oj o o « o o CO Oi mw<^^^o^■*-^-*QOo !-l o CO Cl O "O OO O CO 1^ CO 1^ CO o Gi 00 o^ c^ c; ct ^H c^ 4i^ >:j< -f 00 1^ o 00 CO 0) cc o< ej CO K. Q0_ '-'5_ 0»^ r-<_ C5 lO i-c (N t-i t^ — CO »5 «o of 0_ 00 ■* CO oc o oT t>r -* oo" or -i*" of t— * CO 0( Q 01 ^ 2 ~ o •~ c3 C ? M "-^ tJD >r _ - [r c-5' - c- h^ tjO o • o c3 ii Cq o o >5 ;3 9 ■uSSO o 6 6 o ^ « 3 g •5 3 -^^ W '^-^. w - y s CJ OT W C) M M C i-« al MJ (11 " <" SJ hn o 3 -3 o o CJ 'X O o; fe w: M - ^- Hi OJ 00 bo 5« " W occ *-—>-' -3 — O >- S 2 o ^32-3 s rt S i; wS o . bo so O C5 O 3 c s 4-> C3 &< 01 Q c CO Ol I >-o o< 00 0) o «0 00 CJ 00 "5 no 1^ _• — • 00 o CO •^•O CO 00 t^ i-o* i-H 00 OJ to ■?o ■o CO CO t^ s: o CO CO o* C5 CO •^ rH o< t^ CO ■o ^^ O' — CO OJ CO X o CO oo C5 O! o CO 01 o:) -s< r: CI CO t^ so OJ OJ OJ 1 uw ^ CO S -3 01 o ^ ii ■« cn -•-• <5 e o o 'SI rt >— 1 U -*-> o tc ts p C3 K- ►" !U c> 3 CJ s- S.2 V) C3 V 01 c 60 X U C 0) 3> 2 o 111 ft BO(NOOOi>-iO<»-'5 00i— ii-hOS — ^-.CO■-•OOl-•^T^>r-ll— I— I I— I I— « ^H^^i— (t— ti-Hl— I s;QOO*l^^^^<^^■->«C50T?>o'^»oo■—^--5<^.oo — — ooco u: .2 - ^ '^ i- n .i: « ci .~ - 2-= 3 "S ^ "5 to tc c = X u o ■;, -I: i^^OCJ>--5OOOOOOi-i«5<«O.m!Hi-<-*C0 •?^Of-iOOOOOOOOJC<5-*-^coo-«>000^000-* = r-i ,_ « ri ^ £ 01 c e5 - =J "3 = -5 CO >< u O ' 2^^ B to- Coo as-;,; E, 1— I O 0> C f— < »— I 00 — '■oOOOr-iOO'* — O00t^O<>««3G<«0-'5O ^ 30 . ^ O) •* 00 OJ C5 «S ■" CJ 0» O ■* „ (r— Ooo«o( — 1-1 -Trt at "^ - - - - >.-5 "5 2 .£ o o o o o o ~ :S ;S :S ;S c - - -^ - - o _ t! c o B o o o bC c -5 r- ^ a ^^'^'/^ J^^'^'^'^"-^ ^""C^ccc o o ■' o -2 rt .2 — o O O tH s^ ° CA C ^ >= H c o *^ 5 &- C 3 S .i ^ 'H c s u c t^E < o tc-a •^ a c ■r rt o M ,,;■ V " i 2 = J2 , c Q> H o O ^ 13 S W y rt (/I *j o w Tfii c O *J CD ^■tc -Tl r,', 3 3 'T^ ^ s. ?= o cu n v^ c CJ ^ 3 f-^ X O CJ fl tri i/i CO £ s o •T3 rt ^ w ;> Oi ^ EP « 'tfj w: C c rt h rt ^ u H n o CD tfl ^ "S P 'e ■* 00 — « s a 3 J2 I to 0< 00 ^ 121 Statement; — Exhibiting the cost of Iron, Brass, and Copper, used in the construction of Gun- carriages at Cossipoor, in 1827-28, distinguishing tlie several charges which compose the Total. IltON ia.r. a. p, 9 7 5 - s . a to *" ° ^ .5 Efi«j r. a. p. 4 5 H o a. ;>. 12 5 aj O ^ So u re (U u 1 12 r. a. p, 7 5 5 O 3 r. a. />. 1 5 6 s .5" 3 c ■= 3 .j< -3 O r. o. ;). 10 6 4 sa.T. a. p. 35 6 II Deduct per centage of scrap iron received from the workings 7 Recapitulation. Nctt Sa. Rupees 34 15 II The iron in its crude state, average rate per cwt i) Additional iron required to make up 1 cvvt. of linished iron, inclu- ding wastage in forging and finishing 4 !> > „ Deduct cuttings and scrap received back 7 0) 5n.r. a. p. J 14 Cost of 1 cwt. of finished iron exclusive of cliargos and workmanship iLi o o Add. — Charcoal 1 12 8 Sea coal 7 5 5 Petty stores 12 7 Tools worn out 23 1 Total 24 9 7 Workmanship 10 6 4 Total per cwt. of finished metal Sa. Rupees 34 15 11 Brass. ^ . 3 s £| 2 "* Value of additional 25i lbs. brass metal required per cvvt. to make up for loss in casting, filing, finish- in*;, &c. Average rate per cwt. measure of charcoal used per cwt. of wrought brass. Average rate per cwt. of firewood used per cwt. of wrought brass. Average charge for petty stores per cwt. of wrought brass. Cost of workmanship in casting and finish- ing I cwt. of wrouglit brass. J r. a. p. 44 8 r. a. p. 10 1 r. a. p. 1 It 11 r. o, p. 14 3 r. n. ;;. 12 5 r. a. p. 3 3 G sa.r. a. p. 61 5 11 /tdd. — Proportion of tlie high-priced serviceable brass works of ])receding years issued in this, the rate being incorporated into and averaged with the price of tlie brass work of the present year 1 Nett Sa. Rupees G2 13 II The average per cwt. of the brass metal in its crude state Additional brass metal rccpiirid to make up 1 cwt. of finished brass, includinij wastage in fortrini; and linishini; ■1 1. 8 Cost of 1 cvvt. of finished brass, exclusive of charges and workmanship. . . , Charcoal Firewood Petty ^tores 10 I 54 9 1 14 9 14 3 12 5 Workmanship 58 2 3 3 Sa. Rupees Add. — Proportion for the high-priced serviceable brass works of preceding years, incorporated into and averaged wiiii the rate of this Gl 5 11 1 8 Total per cvvt. of finished metal Sa. Rupees G2 13 II R 122 Statement exhibiting the cost of Iron, &c. — Continued. Copper. Rale of crude metal per cwt. Quantity of charcoal to each cwt. of copper. Rate of workmanship per cwt. Different on original and conversion rate of cutting. Total. sa. r. a. p. SS 13 r. a. p. 5 4 r. a. p. 1 8 2 T. a. p. 11 12 T. a. p. 107 5 2 Keca-pitulation. Vahie of crude metal per cwt 88 13 Charcoal ^ '^ " Workmanship 94 1 18 2 95 9 2 Difference between the actual and conversion rate of cuttings 11 12 Total. ,107 Statement; — Exhibiting the quantity of Crude Metal required in addition to make up each cwt. of Wrought Metal, together with the quantity of Charcoal, Sea Coal, and Firewood expended in forging, finishing, &c. each cwt. of metal at Cossipore Gun-carriage Agency in 1827-28. Metal. Quantity of additional metal required per cwt. to make up for loss in forging, &c. Quantity of charcoal expended on each cwt. of wrought metal. Quantity of sea coal expended on each cwt. of wrought iron. Quantity of firewood expended on each cwt. of wrought metal. lb. 51 ' 254- None ^ <-. q. lb. 1 3 2 4 5 2 c. q. lb. 5 10 None. None. c. q. lb. None. 2 1 15 None. Copper ' The circumstance of most of the heavy iron, as axletrees, &c., used in the construction of the carriao-es in 1827-28, being of Europe manufacture, altered in the Agency, has thrown an undue propor- tion of loss on the small works, which would have been much less had the axletrees, Sec, been forged in the Agencj'. - In copper there is little or no wastage, the cuttings being received back as serviceable metal. Statement; — Exhibiting the cost of Elevating-screws, together with the Rate of the Wrought Iron and Brass, and tlie charge of Workmanship per cwt. at the Cossipore Agency, in the Year 1827-28. Elevating-screws for Field-carriage iron gun 24 Ditto, ditto. . IS Ditto, brass, R.P. ... 12 Ditto, ditto C Ditto, howitzer . . 8 in. Ditto, ditto 5^ do. Mortar bed 10 do. Ditto, 8 do. Ditto, 5| do. Tola kind cost of each of elevating- screw. Cost per cwt. for Cost of workmanship on each cwt. of Iron, including Brass, including Iron for elevating- Brass for eleva- a 11 charges except workmanship. all charges except workmanship. screws in a finibh. ed sUte. tmg-screws in a finished state. 19 5 7 2G 19 5 7 2G 2G 11 10 2G 11 10 19 5 7 J>24 9 7 8W 58 2 5-,V 37 12 10-rV 4 13 7Vt 26 11 10 19 5 7 19 5 7 8 3 123 Statement ; — Exhibiting under the heiicis of Timber Materials, Metal, Petty Stores, and Work- [maiiship, tlic cost of constructing Powder-barrels at Cossipore, in 1827-28. For 1 l)arvel of 100 ll)s. capa- city witli 4 copper Loops. Timber materials. Mttal. JVlty stores. Workman, ship. Toul. Staves. Heads. Copper hoops. Rivet and nails. Prop" for each barrel. Prop" for caeh barrel. Cost of each barrel. r. a. p. 1 14 8 r. a. p. 15 4 r. a. p. 4 15 3 r. a. p. 1 r. a. p. 4 11 r. a. p. 8 r. n. p. 8 11;.' Major Official Secretary and Accountant, Military Board. Statement ;— Exhibiting the Quantity and Rate per Barrel of the Gunpowder manufactured at Ishapore in 1824-25, 1825-26, 1826-27. Years . Number of barrels, 100 lbs. in each. Rate per barrel. 1824-25. 1825-26. 1826-27. 1827-L!S. 81.72 7941 7989 517 17 6 31^ 17 12 1-rV 17 3 10 16 5 6A Statement ; — Exhibiting the Sums of Money which have been disbursed by the Agent for Gun- carriages, Gunpowder and Rockets, and Superintendent of the Foundry, in 1826-27, 1827-28, and 1828-29. Years. Cossipore abolished. Fully Ghnr. Ishapore sus- pended. Suspended, Allaha- bad Gunpowder Agency. Abolished, Allaha- bad War-rocket manufactory. Foundry. 1826-27. 1827-28. 1828-29. 720,21 5 71,625 6 6 68,968 13 63,037 6 13 45,672 1 4 40,011 5 7 59,273 9 37,683 15 4 20,037 5 2 45,593 12 4 5 38,269 6 7 4 13,568 5 1 17,453 4 6 ■9,028 9 11 None. ■2 25,087 4 28,165 14 4 28,067 10 10 Total Sa. Rs. Average. . . . 212,615 3 11 70,871 11 11 67 148,770 12 11 13 116,994 13 6 49,590 4 3 71 38,998 4 6 97,431 8 9 32,477 2 8 3 26.481 14 5 13,240 15 2 5 81,320 9 6 27,106 13 10 ' For 9 months only, the W.R. M. havintr been suspended on the 1st May 1S2S. ' The cash accounts of the Foundry not extending further than June 1826, the total of the year of 1826-27 is to be understood as for 11 months only. R: 124 Statement of the Establishments of the Commissariat Department as they stood on the 1st December 1S27, and 1st October 1830 ; showing the Increases and Reductions within these periods, and the pro- spective Saving ordered as vacancies occur. Commissary-generaF s Office. As it stood on the 1st December IS^T. As it stood on the 1st October ISSO. Xame5 of Persons. Monthly Pay. Names of Persons. ilncrease between Red"^ between J 1st Dec. 1S27 and 1st Dec. 1S27 Monthlv Pav.' 1^' Oct. ISSO. andlstOct.1830. No. I . John Walker Z. Jas. Deabrew 3. Hurrychund Ragoonathjee i. Constancio X. Francisco . . 5. Soonder Naronjee 6. Appa Succojee 7. Janardun Baboojee 8. Govindrow Succojee .... 9. John Thompson 10. Alfred Tumber II. Ballajee Sadasewjee .... 12. Sadoba Ballajee 13. Ballajee Govindjee 14. Puttoba Nillajee 15. Bappoo Ballajee 16. Ramchunder Juggonnath- jee 17. Soonder Bappoojee .. 18. Narrayen Soonderjee . 1 Havildar .5 Peons, at 6 rupees each Office rent Stationerv Carriage of the Sick. — Pioneer Battalion. 24 Dooley bearers, at 8 rs. each Tannah. 6 Dooley bearers at 8 rs. each Dapoolie. — Vingorla. 1 '2 Dooley bearers, 9 rs. each Rajapoor. 1 First muccadum 5 Second ditto, at 12 rs. each 126 Dooley bearers,at 9 rupees Betgaum. — Attached to the 1st Bombay European Regiment. 2 First muccadums, at 20 rs 9 Second muccadums, at 1 2 rs 1 22 Dooley bearers, at 9 rs. Attached to the light ming of the iZnd Regiment N. I. 1 Second muccadum 24 Dooley bearers Cattle Department. 26 Bamboo coolies 26 Pack bullocks 120 120 50 35 30 30 30 30 SO 30 20 20 20 15 15 15 15 15 12 30 200 90 40 108 1,998 p. No. 1 . William'Barnes 2. Jas. Deabrew 3. Gunput Cassinathjee . . 4. Constancio X. Francisco J. Soonder Naronjee 6. Appa Succojee 7. Govinda Balcrustjee . . . S. Govindrow Succojee . . [9. John Thompson 1 1 0. Thomas Wright 0^11. Ballajee Sadasewjee . . 12. Pandoorung Dirraanatlijee 13. Ballajee Govindjee .. 14. Puttoba Nillajee |15. Bappoo Ballajee ,16. Ramchunder Juggonnath- ' jee jl 7. Soonder Brppojjee .. |1 S. Xarrayen Soonderjee . . 1 Havildar 5 Peons, at 6 rupees each Office rent Stationery 168 48 108 Presidency Division. Carriage of the Sick. — Pioneer Battalion. 30 Dooley bearers 6 Dooley bearers attached to the European taken ill whilst on garrison duty 20 60 1,134 J Belgaum. — Attached to a n-ing of His Majesty's iOth Reg 1 Head muccadum 5 Second muccadums 120 Dooley bearers , 12 216 182 104 Cattle Department. 19 Bamboo Coolies, 6 rs. each |38 Pack bullocks, at 4 ditto. . r. a. P- 120 120 50 35 35 30 20 30 30 30 20 20 20 15 20 15 15 15 12 30 200 90 14 40 r20 180 42 1 oJ 114 152 200 0' 54 48 1,322 1,372 228 ' Prospective saving ordered as vacancies occur, — rupees 128. 125 Statement of the Establishments, &c. I'lc.iidoir;/ Divi.siim. — Continiictl. As it stood on the 1st December IS'27. Names of Persons. Attached to the Public Cattle at iMalouiiga. No. 1 Subedar 1 Muceaihim 24 Drivers Amount of feeding 28 public cattle Dapoolie. 1 Pack bullocks . . Rajajioor. 10 Puccaice bullocks 1 Second nniccadum 214. Pack bullocks .. Monthly Pay. n r. n. p. 20 12 98 >•■ As it stooj on tlic 1st October 18:iO. Names of Persons, Monthly Pay. 117 3 SO 50 1.50 Belgaum. — Attached to the 1st Bombay European Regiment. 2 Second niuccadums.at 15 rs. 8 Draught bullocks, at S do. . 24 Puckaulies, ditto, at 15 do. 401 Pack ditto, at 5 ditto . . 7 Bamboo coolies at 9 ditto. . 1 Second muccadum,at 12 do. 22 Medicine coolies, at 9 do. 3,032 Attached to the 22nd Regi- ment Na live Infantry. GO Pack bullocks 5 Puckaulie ditto 1 Second mestre 1 8 Camel drivers Expenses incurred for 35 camels for feeding, &c Medical Department Commis- sariat Branch. — Amount oj Abstract for Presidency. European general hospital Ditto 2nd Bombay European regiment Ditto 2nd battalion artillery Ditto His Majesty's 6th regi- ment Ditto His Majesty's depot . . Ditto Tannah garrison los pital Ditto lunatic asylum - 15 1,177 30 Ci 3G0 2,305 G3 12 198 300 75 15 1G2 Belgaum. — Attached to a wing of His Majesty's iOth Regt. ] Second muccadum 14 Drivers Expenses incurred for 28 camels feeding, &c 12 84 242 3 25 300 3 86 338 J Medical Department Commis sariat Branch. — A mount of Abstract for Presidency. European general hospital . 472 199 2 526 191 2 99 1G7 Proceed to Deesa Proceed to Ahniednuggur Proceed to Poona Amount of abstract of His Majesty's depot Ditto do. native gen. hospital Ditto do. ophthalmic inly. . , Tannah garrison hospital . . . Lunatic asylum His Majesty's 20th regiment Native garrison hospital .... .Marine battalion , 1 St grenadier regiment .... 19tl\ regiment , Native invalid at Mahim . . , Pioneer battalion Tannah native hospital ... Bhendy 17tii regiment .... Dapoolie 4th regiment .... 338 3 25 288 lniria-.t! between 1st Dec. I8i'7 and 1st Oct. I8:!0. Ued° between 1st Dec. 18'2- andl6tOct.l830. 156 87 167 105 87 567 49 2 52 52 53 12 31 26 52 53 297 3 80 1,392 2,693 75 852 3 86 50 472 199 2 80 526 35 12 126 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Presidency Division. — Continued. As it stood on the 1st December 1S27. Xames of Persons. Monthly Fay. As it stood on the 1st October 1830. Office Establishment. /Account ant and Cashier Depart- ment. No. 1 Purvoe, Sakarani Bapoojee . 2 , Bhanoo Sadasewjee. 3 , Janardon Soonderjee. 4 , Juggonath Casinathjee 5 , Rowjee Balcnistnajee 1 Shroff, LuxanionBallajee , 2 Dandajee Pandoba Military Supply Branch. 1 Purvoe, Damother Vacatesh ~ , Moroba Sewjce . . .'5 , Sakaram Pandoorung 1 Inspector, Moroba Rago natty , 2 ,Naronrow Luxamonjee 4 Peons, at 6 rupees each . . . Provision Department. 1 Purvoe, Ragonath Ramjee. 2 , Cassinath Kessowjee. 3 , Luxamon Ragojee . . 1 Inspector 1 Measuring man 2 Weighing men, at 1 4 rupees 2 , 12 do. 1 Cooper Medical Department. 1 Purvoe, Sadanund Govind- jee 2 , Balcrustna Succojee. 3 , Luxamon Wittoba. . . 4 , RamchunderBallajee. 1 Inspector Suttoo 1 Shroff, Sadasew Gopall .... 1 Peon Transport of Stores. 1 Purvoe, Balcrustna Sada sewjee , 2 ,Juggonnath Vencatesli 1 Inspector, Jairaui Bajee. . . 2 , Sakaram Ballajce. . 2 Peons, at 6 rupees Timber Depot. 1 Gurdar, Dinsaw Sorabjee . . 2 — — — , Ragonath Gunggee ;>• 200 60 50 40 20 23 12 70 40 20 20 18 2S 24 18 100 50 40 25 20 12 6 Names of Persons. 100 40 OJ 25 15 24 Dapoolie veteran battalion Garrison hospital at Rulnu- gury Vingorla 1 4th regiment .... Office Establishment. Account ant and Cashier Depart- ment. Purvoe, Shapoorjee Fur- doomjee , Bhawoo Sadas ewjee . . Dadoba Wisswanathjee Shroff, Luxamon Ballajee . . . , Dadajee Pandoba .... Military Supply Branch. Examiner, Sadasew Wisswa- nattv Jlonthly Pay. I Janardun Baboojee Inspector, Ammernath Jaga- nath 3 Peons, at 6 rupees each Military Supply. 1 Purvoe, Moroba Naronjee . 1 • — , Moroba Sev.jee. . . Provision Department. Purvoe, Ragonath Ramjee. .. , Cassinath Kessowjee . . , Pursholum Hurjee . . . Inspector, Wisswanath 2 Measuring men, at 1 2 rupees 1 Cooper,Rustomjee Cawasjee 1 Peon Medical Department. Purvoe, Sadanund Govind- jee -, Luxamon \\ ittoba. . . -, Hamchimder Ballajee -, Bapoo Naronjee .... Transport of Stores. 60 25 20 15 12 40 30 Balcrustna Succoja. 2 Peons, at 6 rupees . . Timber Depot. Increase between I Red^ between 1st of Dec. IS1~ ; 1st of Dec. 18-27 and lstOcUlS30. andlstOcUlSSO. 300 1 55 j j 45 30 15 100 35 30 18 70 40 80 55 25 15 24 15 GOO 80 45 30 12 55 12 r. a. />. 53 12 52 100 5 5 3 5 70 40 10 15 5 6 6 5 5 5 50 20 40 15 6 5 28 24 3 20 50 8 12 6 5 25 20 15 40 30 127 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Presidency Division. — Continued. As it stood on tlie 1st Dccumbcr 1827. Names of Persons. Monthly Pay. As it stood on tliu 1st October 1830. Names of Persons. Montlily Pay. Increase i)ctwecn 1st Dec. IK'.'Tand 1st Oct. 1830. lied" between 1st Dec. 18'J7& 1st Oct. 1830. No. 1 Purvoc, Damothcr Run- sordji-e 3 Peons, at G rupees caeh . . , Oil for a cliokies Office Peons, <^c. 1 Naique 7 Sepoys, at G rupees . 1 Sweeper 1 Water Bramiii Stationery Office rent Civil DepartmenU — Supply Department. 1 Purvoe, Gunput Cassinath- jee. 1 Shroft', Aba Rowjee 1 Carpenter Civil Supply Bills, ^'c. 1 Moroba Ballajce 1 Gunputrow Moiojce . . . 1 Govinda Balcrustjee. . . . 1 Anajee Balcrustjee Marine Supply Bills. 1 Babajee Mullar 1 Inspector, BhowsaSlirether. 1 Peon Tannah. 1 Clerk . . . Stationery Dapoolic. 1 Writer i Peons, at G rupees each Stationery 1 Cooper 1 Beggaree 1 Writer at Vingorla 1 Peon ditto 1 Karkoon at Ragapoor. . . S Peons at S rupees Belgaum, 1 Head Purvoe 1 Second ditto Stationery and Light 1 Karkoon , 1 Weighing man . . . , 1 Peon 1 Lascar 1 Cooper 1 Peon 1 Karkoon at Camp 1 Cooper ditto r. a. p. 18 IS 1 7 2 •12 5 6 59 200 30 15 45 '2i 20 20 6 30 6 30 24 50 15 25 S3 17 2 9 9 37 2 C 33 37 2 70 25 14 40 30 25 20 50 20 6 Cooperage. 1 Cooper, Bhimjee Bamonjee. Office Peons, ^-c 1 Naique 4 Peons, at 6 rupees Sweeper 1 Water Bramin Stationery Civil Department.- — Supply Department. Clerk, John Walker . Civil Supply Bills, 8j'c. 1 Moroba Ballajee 1 Andrew Seram 1 Inspector, Sadasew Gopal Stationery Marine Supply Bills. Tannah. 1 Writer.. Stationery. 1 Peon . . . Dapoolic. 1 Writer t Peons, at 5 rupees Stationery 1 Carpenter 1 Beggaree 1 Peon at Vingorla. Belsaum. Changed troops by the Madras 15 7 2 24 5 8 120 15 28 45 20 20 12 G 60 45 25 30 15 5 5 15 2 61 5 28 5 ^. a. p. IS 18 1 18 SOO 10 25 14 5 25 5 30 6 30 19 50 20 6 4 8 395 0' Prospective saving ordered, as vacancies occur, — rupees 30. 128 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Presidency Division.- — Continued. Barrack Department. 2 Halalkhores 2 Massals 1 Overseer -Sural. Kaira. 2 Beggaries' pay for Oct. 182' .'i Puggies ditto for Sept. . . . , Baroda. 1 Cooley Carriage of the Sick. — Surat. 12 Dooley bearers Kaira. 10 Dooley bearers Rdjcote. 1 First muccadum. .. 3 Second muccadums. 90 Dooley bearers . . . Decsa. 1 First muccadum . . 5 Second ditto 114 Dooley bearers. Baroda. 15 Dooley bearers . . Maliva Field Force. 3 First muccadums for Nov. . . 14 Second ditto for do. . . . 354 Dooley bearers for do. . Cutch Sub'' Force. 1 Head muccadum for Nov. . 5 Second ditto ditto . . . 119 Dooley bearers 1 Entertained from 21st Nov, Cattle Department. — Kaira. 1 Muccadum of camel drivers 1 1 Camel drivers 2 .Sandnte Swar Feeding for 24 camels. . . . 21 Packbidlocks 12 S .0 10 30 Rajcute. Feeding for 1 4 camels . Guzcrat Division. Barrack Deparimcnt. — Sural. 2 Massals . 7 84 (0 Kaira. 2 Puggies. Baroda. 1 Beggary 1 Sneeper Carriage of the Sick.- 1 Dooley bearers . . -Surat. 15 30 630 15 45 798 Kaira. i Second maccadums. 49 Dooley bearers . . . Rajcote. 105 45 129 2595 20 GO 1071 3 o 4 16 294 1 Second muccadum 30 Dooley bearers Dccsa. 1 First muccadum 4 Second ditto 126 Dooley bearers Baroda. 102 Dooley bearers, out of which 15 in G. H. and the rest on detachment .... Malwa Field Force. }• Cutch Subv Force. 9 77 30 176 3 23 52 2 128 20 3 Second muccadums . 75 Dooley bearers. . . Cattle Department. — Kaira. 1 Muccadum of caniil drivers 6 Camel drivers 8 180 12 28 756 For feeding 12 camels . 30 Pack bullocks 130 Bringary ditio . . . . Rajcote. Feeding for 10 camels 8 8 60 612 24 450 8 36 46 57 82 2 325 25 1 42 4 16 224 507 30 325 As it stood on the 1st December IS27. As it stood on the 1st December 1830. Increase between 1st Dec. 1827 and Red" between 1st Dpc. 1R?>7 * Names of Persons. Monthly Pay. Names of Persons. Monthly Pay. Isl Oct. 1830. Isl Oct. 1830. No. 1 Weighing man at Camp. . . '> Peons ditto r. a. ]}. 17 2 U 18 27 56 20 r. a. p. r. a. ;). r, a. p. 4 Bamboo coolies, ditto Godown rent 12 5 10 22 1 24 15 22 450 3 17 42 2,772 20 30 624 1 41 30 130 2 66 102 2 78 129 Statement of the Establishments, &c. (I'uzerat Diiision. — Contiiuu ■ 8 30 9 42 66 33 2 238 121 2 7 72 20 7 COO Baroda. 59 Pack bidlocks ^8 Bamboo coolies at 6 rupees 3 Puccaulie bullocks 2 Muccadums of draft bu locks Pair of ditto 18 648 27 1,2C0 9 538 Malna Field Force. — Cattle Department. 205 201 2 208 27 14 850 increase between ' lied" between 1st Dec. 1H27 and 1st Dec. l.-i27 & 1st Oct. 1830. 1st Oct. 1830. r. n. p. 42 3 17 ;o 208 27 r. ti. p. 2 19 6 11 1 10 607 3 34 126 2 10 242 2 12 2 50 9 227 285 285 147 30 1 2 54 4 2 30 2 4 50 14 130 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Gu:::ciat Dhlsion.- — Continued. As it stood on the 1st December ISii: -L As it stood on the 1st October ISSO. Names of Persons. Monthly Pay.[ Names of Persons. No. 1 Second muccadura of public camels 1 2 Camel drivers Feeding for 2i camels. . . . 9 96 101 1 60 Monthly Pay. Elephant Establishment. 1 Jemedar 1 Malioots 10 Mates 1 Peon 1 Hand bhestie For feeding of 10 elephants 1 Leather buckets, with hemp rope, for watering ele- phant 10 Pound Jingely oil for the above buckets 1 Cotton rope, weighing 9]bs. Repairing bimden and bady. 1 Hide, large 26 Pounds mussala for sick elephant 14 twine, country, for repairing tools 12 80 70 5 335 48 Earthen chitties for break- ing daily br Cutch Field Force. 1 Second muccadiun 28 Bamboo coolies 1 Second muccadum 190 Bringary bullocks Regimental Bullocks. 1 Maistry 40 Pack bullocks , 9 Camel drivers 12 1 22 4 26 1 66 3 12 252 12 665 Hurhara Camel Driver. 2 Camel drivers Feeding public and Hurkara el 10 60 81 20 19 Cutch Field Force. 100 Bringary bullocks. . . Regimental Bullocks. ;40 Pack bullocks 7 Puccaulie bullocks Cavalry Department. — Kaira.\ 1 Weighing man 30 1 Measuring man ' 10 1 Beggaree Rajcote. 1 Metta 2 Weighing men. . . 4 Beggarees Deesa. 8 Muccadums 120 Grass-cutters 1 Metta 3 Weighing men 2 Peons J Beggarees Allowance of stationery for the detachment at Deesa. 5 20 24 28 Cavalry Department.- 1 Metta 1 Measuring man ... I Sepoy S Muccadums 72 840 25 36 Rajcote. 1 Metta 1 Weighing man . . 1 Peoii Deesa. 14 40 2 Mett IS 2 Weighing men 1 Sepoy 16 12 5 24 16 12 5 Increase between 1st Dec 1827 and 1st. Oct. 1830. , Red° between 1st Dec. 182" & 1st Oct. 1830. 160 81 28 20 5 r, a, p. 6,419 75 81 2 24 3 12 252 12 390 10 SI 81 20 19 2 14 4 12 23 72 840 16 9 35 40 i:ji Statement of the Establishments, &c. Cu~erat Division. — Coruinuod. As it stood on tlie 1st December 18;27. Names of Persons. Maliva F. Force. No. 12 Second muecadums 3 Mlicta 465 Grass-cutters 1 Metta . . 3 Weijjhing men 7 Beggaries Medical Department. — Kaira. Amount of medical servants establishment Broach. , Amount of m(. 10 80 50 100 1.-) 1.5 50 20 150 160 CO 25 20 15 U 12 49 100 45 75 28 25 As it stood on the 1st October 1830, Inrrcilse between 1st of Dec. 18^7 Names of Persons. Kaira 1 English writer i Peor Baroda. 1 English writer . 1 Native agent at Tankaira . 2 Peons Monthly Pay. »>"' HtOcu 1830. 1 Native aarent. 45 1 Clerk 2 Peons Stationery Deesa. 1 English writer . 2 Peons Stationery Office rent l.'JO 75 50 15 9 31 3 15 150 SO 50 40 15 20 G4 Rajcote. Bhooj. 1 English writer . 1 Ditto ditto . Office Establishment. — Bhooj 1 Peon . . . .Stationery Office . . . . u 80 10 !) 75 75 10 10 50 10 25 60 SO 20 5 20 60 14 10 60 Ue 50 15 4 11 3 t) 15 419 0' Prospective saving ordered, as vacancies occur, — rupees 148 3 SO. 134 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Poona Division. As it stood on the 1st December 1827. As it stood on tlie 1st October 1830. Names of Persons. I Monthly Pay. Increase between 1st Dec. 18'27 and Names of Persons. Red"^ between 1st Dec. 1827 & 1st Oct. 1830. No. Carriage of the Sick. — Poona. 1 Head muccadum 2 Second ditto, at 9 rs. each 38 Dooley bearers, at 7 do. . . MalUsaum. 1 Head muccadum 30 Dooley bearers, at 7 rs. each Sattara. 1 Second muccadum .... Poona Division. BarrackDepartment. — Poona, 1 Mussall Carriage of the Sick. — Poona 1 Head muccadum 2 Second ditto 20 Dooley bearers, at 6 rs.each Malligaum. 15 1 Head muccadum 210 IS Dooley bearers 15 18 266 9 Satta 1 Second muccadum 30 Dooley bearers, atZrs.eachi 210 9 Doolevbeareis, at 6 rs. each Sholapore. Cattle Department. — Poona. 598 Draft bullocks, at 7 rupees each Sholapore. 1 Second muccadinu 33 Dooley bearers . Cattle Department.- — Poona 600 Draft bullocks, at 7 rupees each 4,186 16 Ditto ditto, at lOdittol 160 52.1 Pack bullocks, at 5 dittos, 625 0,250 Pack bullocks, 2^ rs. each Ditto, extra pay 60 .T Head muccadums, IS rs.each 112 jl 3 Second ditto, at 11 ditto. S5 2 Mawoots, at 7 ditto 30 ,2 Mates, at 6 ditto 7 1 Peon 2 Elephants, expense of feed 948 1 96 4,200 2 Head maistries, at 30 rs. each 16 Petty ditto, at 7 ditto. . . . 5 Mawoots, at 7 ditto 5 Mates, at 6 ditto 1 Peon 5 Elephants, expense of feed- insr 1 Head muccadum of camels' 4 Second ditto of ditto, at 12 rupees each 99 Camel drivers, at 7 rupees each 693 198 Camels, ave- rage expense of feeding 2,685 2 19 20 48 4 Drivers of Harcara camels, at 7 rupees each 1 Second muccadum of bul- locks 26 Bullock drivers, at 7 rupees each 182 54 Ditto, expense for feedinir 564 3 90 Sholapore. 3,378 2 49 28 12 746 3 90 ing .... 1 Ramvosie 1 2 S( j ca 2 Second muccadums of camels 625 421 3 54 143 14 12 5 168 2 17 6 24 130 Camels, hired at 13 rupees per month 7 Bamboo coolies, at 6 rs. each Sholapore. 4 Draft bullocks, at 5 rs. each 75 Pack ditto, at 4 ditto . . . . 1 Muccadum of camels .... 1 Ditto of bullocks 1,690 42 }- 31 6 42 20 300 9 9 20 300 9 9 r. a. p. 2 IS 146 15 102 0' 9 156 0- 146 1,578 95 6 21 IS 2 779 3 79 44 1,688 2 49 28 12 746 3 90 Prospective saving ordered, as vacancies occur, — rupees 24. Do. rupees 6. Do. rupees 18. ■• When these cattle are employed, the owner recieves 2i rupees extra per month. 135 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Poonn Dicisiiin. — ContiiuuHl. As it stood on tlic 1st December 18'J7 Names of Persons. Afallirrnum. No. 40 Draft bullocks, at 7 rupees each 40 Pack ditto, at .) ditto I Second niuccadiiin Cavalry Department. — Poona. 1 Native writer 1 Measuring man 1 Weighing man 1 Peon 2 Grass muccad. at 10 rs.each 4 Raniosies, at 7 ditto 1 Muccadum of coolies .... 10 Coolies, at 7 each CavalryDcpartmcnt. — Kirkee 1 Mheta 1 Assistant ditto 1 Weighing man 1 Measuring ditto Sholapore. Lock Hoxpilal. — Poona. Mnntlily Pay. Medical Department, E. I. — Poona. Hospital servants of His Ma- jesty's 4tli light dragoons' Ditto, of His Majesty's 20th regiment Ditto of 3rd foot, H.B Ditto of 1st batt. anil Ditto of 4tli troop, H.B 1 Native writer 1 Peon Kirkee. 1 Native writer 280 200 ]2 25 7 7 7 20 28 10 70 20 10 7 7 30G 47S 2 81 2 188 2 106 2 20 7 As it stood on the 1st October 1830. Names of Persons. MalUi Ahmednuggur. \ Second muccad. of bullock 25 Bullock drivers, at 5 rupees each 125 52 Ditto, expense for feeding 403 3 90 Caiiilr I/Department. — Poona. ! Native writer 1 Measuring man 1 Weighing niMn 1 Peon 1 Grass muccad. at S rs. eacl 8 Ramo.sies, at 6 rs. ditto. . . . 1 Muccadum of coolies . . . . .' Coolies, at 6 rs. each . . . . Cavalry Department. — Kirkee, 1 Mheta 1 Assistant ditto 1 W eighing man I Measuring man Sholapore. I Mheta 1 Measuring man . 1 Peon 2 Coolies Lock Hospital. — I'oona. Servants attached Ahmednuggur. Servants attached . . , Sholapore. Servants attached Medical Department, E. I. — Poona. Hospital servants of His Ma- jesty's 4th light dragoons Ditto ditto of 2nd or Queen's 58 I Royals Ditto of Cth regiment .... Ditto of 1st troop, H.B. . . Ditto of 3rd troop, H.B. . . 1 1 Native writer 1 Peon Kirkee. 20 oil Native writer . Monthly Pay. a. ;., 110 528 3 90 519 5id 84 2 Increase between lit of Dec. 18'_'7 and 1st Oct. 1830. ( 5 32 48 8 12 17 7 IG 12 5 12 57 2 59 32 413 85 1 20 11 528 3 90 12 20 IC 12 5 0- 12 57 2 C 59 32 >1,749 1 50 lied** between Ist Uoc. Ifi27 & 1st Oct. 18.S0. 280 (» 200 12 25 7 (I 2 2 0'' 58 3 0* 10 7 Si; Prospective saving ordered, as vacancies occur, — rupees 32. Do. rupees 17. ' Do. rupees 5. Do. rupees 48. ' Do. rupees S. 136 Statement of the Establishments, &c. Poona Division. — Continued. As it stood on the 1st December 1S27 Names of Persons. Ahviednussur. Sholapore. Medical Department, N. Poona. As it stood on the 1st October 1830. I.— Medical Department, N. I. — Sattara. Ahmednuggur. Malligaum. 1,20G 58 Asseerghur. Sholapore. Office Estahlishment. — Poona 1 Head clerk, Naronjee . . . . 1 Clerk, Moroba 1 Ditto, Hindser 1 Ditto, Wittoba 1 Ditto, Gozba. . 130 65 65 60 60 Increase betweeni Red° between 1st Dec. 1827 and 1st Dec. 1827 & Names of Persons. Jlonthly Pay. Ahmednussur. Hospital servants of the 1st, and details ol'the 2nd bat- talion artillery Hospital servants of the En- glish corps 1 Native writer 2 Peons, at 5 rs. each Sholapore. Hospital servants, 4th troop H. B Medical Department, N. I.- Poona. Hospital servants attached to the 1 1th regiment N .1. Hospital servants attached to the 13th regt. N. I. . Ditto 8 companies of pioneers 1 Peon Medical Department, X. I. — Sattara. Hospital servants of the 2nd gren. regt. native infantrv 50 1 Peon 5 Ahmednuggur. Hospital servants attached to Golundauze battalion .... 50 Ditto 8th regiment N. I 50 Ditto gun lascars attached to 1st battalion artillery .... 17 Ditto 1 company of pioneers . 11 Malligaum. Hospital servants 6 regt. N.I. Ditto 10th ditto Ditto of a detachment 6tl regiment N. I Asseerghur. Hospital servants attached to 18th regiment, N. I. . . . 1 Peon Sholapore, Hospital servants attached to 1st regiment light cavalry . Ditto, 5th regiment N.I. .. Ditto, ditto, 9th Office Establishment. — Poona, 1 Head clerk, Damother Ven- klceba 1 Second clerk, Ramchundar Cassinalh 1 Clerk, Wittoba 1 Ditto, Gozba 1 Ditto, Wisswanath 1 Ditto, Shreecrustna .... a. p. SS9 3 90 44 25 10 67 2,141 3 50 51 50 11 5 120 60 GO 60 55 51 50 11 50 5 48 2 53 53 150 1st Oct. 1830. >. 621 2 1st Oct. 1830. r. n. p. 20 120 5 5 5 137 Statement of the EstablLshments, &c. I'uona Division. — Contimud. As il stood on the 1st December 1 827. Names of Persons. No. 1 Ditto, Pyran 1 Ditto, Shreecrusliia . . . . , 1 Ditto, Balcrustna 1 Ditto, Ragonath 1 Ditto, Crouly 1 Naique of peons 4 Peons, at 7 rs. eacli Kandiesk. 1 Clerk, Moroba 2 Peons, at 7 rs. each .... Ahiiicdnitggur. 1 Native writer 1 Peon Satara. 1 Native writer . . 1 Peon Asseerghur. Sholapore. Provision Department. — Poona. 1 Head cooper 1 Second do 3 Peons at 7 rs. each Kirkee. 1 Cooper Mallii 1 Cooper 2 Peons, at 7 rs. each AhinednugguT. Sholapore. Cicil and Insane Hospital. Engineer Department. 1 Native writer 1 Peon Monthly Pay. As it stood on the 1st October 1830. Names of Persons. r. a. p. 55 50 30 30 25 10 28 No. I Ditto, T. Frcta 1 Ditto, J. Knight 1 Ditto, T. M. Cuddiini . . 1 Ditto, F. Sale 1 Siiroff', Bapoo 1 Naique of Peons ■i Peons, 5 each 35 14 20 7 20 7 Kandicsh. 1 Clerk, Moroba .... 2 Peons, at 5 rs. each I Clerk 1 Peon . Ahmednussur. Satara. 1 Peon Asseerghur. 1 Native writer . . . . 1 Peon Increase bctwceni Red" between Islof Dec. l8'-'7 1st of Dec 1827 Montlily Pay. and 1st Oct. 1830. Sholapore. 1 Clerk, Moroba .... 1 Shroff 3 Peons, at 5 rs. each 30 25 21 25 20 14 Provision Department.- Poona. 1 Head cooper 1 Second do 2 Peons, at 5 each 35 7 Kirkee. I Cooper Malligaum. 1 Cooper 2 Coolies, at G rs. each . Ahmednuggur. 1 Cooper 1 Weighing-man .... 2 Coolies 1 Cooper 1 Peon . . Sholapore. Civil and Insane Hospital. 1 Peon Engineer Department. 1 Native writer 1 Peon r. a. p. 50 45 40 35 15 8 20 45 10 50 5 5 20 5 55 20 15 30 10 andlstOct.1830. 25 12 20 8 12 20 5 /'• 10 5 15 10 50 20 5 55 20 15 20 8 12 = 20 5 5 Grand Total 8,760 57 r. a. p. 5 5 25 2 8 4 :o 2 20 2 25 11 20 2 35 7 39,378 1 36' ' Prospective saving ordered as vacancies occur, — rupee I. ' Grand Total of Prospective savings ; — rupees 467 3 80. - Ditto, — rupees 2. Bombay, Commissary-general's Office, 29th November, 1830. E. Frederick, Lieutenant-Colonel Commissary- general. 138 Statement ; — showing the Cost and Charges for Horses purchased by the Commissariat in the Gulf at Bombay, and the Subordinates, until delivered over to the INIounted Corps of the Armv, for the Year 1825-26 and 1827-28. £ = ^ 3 'Hi, 0:2 M •§ — Jl ^ rt k. H^ 1825-26. Average of the horses pur- chased by the Agent in the Gulf for European cavalry Ditto, ditto, for Native ca- valry Average of horses purchased by the Commissary-gene- ral at Bombay for Euro- pean cavalry Ditto, for Native cavalry . . . 1827-28. Average purchase for Euro- pean cavalry at Bombay . . Ditto, ditto, for Native ca- valry 427 371 475 395 550 488 10 10 10 10 20 20 Average travelling expense until delivered over at 14 14 14 14 12 12 46 46 46 46 53 53 07 67 Average cost of a horse when delivered over at rs. 451 395 499 429 582 510 483 427 531 451 490 434 538 458 504 448 552 472 Exclusive of the Agent's pay of COO rupees per mensem. Abstract showing the Price of Horses purchased by the Commissariat on the spot, in 1825-26 and 1827-28, at ^_ . Kaira. PooDa. Rajcote. Bhooj. Average for European cavalry 397 400 Ditto for Native cavalry 350 377 313 378. Abstract showing the Prices paid by the Commissariat in 1830-31 on purchases by Command- ing Officers ou the spot. ° Poona. Guzerat. liombay. European cavalry 554 None. None. THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY TMs book is DUE on the last date stamped below OCT \ « lS*f €r«m«MTT 0¥ t'Ai arvHuu 465 125 1831 East India company- (Enraish) Report. ■if^r PM [i^^'W s^vf ^- 7- \ '. fZ. IfAf' m "^^ f^' I >»T [^A % m 0yf^ 7i 'A \p,^^i i^n^ *'.■'■ 5?* t* y tL\