iD.0Xa^ BOOKS, PRINCIPALLY FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND PRIVATE TEACHERS, PUBLISHED BY GEORGE COWIE AND CO. 31, POULTRY, LONDON. A GREEK AND ENGLISH DICTIONARY, Comprising all the words in the writings of the most popular Greek authors ; with the difficult inflections in tliem and in the Septuagint and New Testa- ment; designed for the use of Schools and the under-graduate course of a Collegiate Education. Second Edition. TO WHICH IS NOW ADDED, AN ENGLISH-GREEK VOCABULARY. BY THE REV. JOHN GROVES. In 1 thick Vol. 8vo. containing 700 pages, closely printed, price 15s. boards. In the arrangement of this work the alphabetical method has been adopted, as best suited to the capacity of young learners. Immediately after each word is placed its form of declension or conjugation, together with any peculiarity attending it : such as the Attic genitive of contracted nouns, the future or perfect of any dialect peculiar to certain verbs, &c. Next is placed the derivation or composition of the word. Particular attention has been paid to this part of the work. In most Lexicons the bare theme is usually set at the end of the word, without any attempt to shew how it forms a part of the word to which it.is thus attached, and often without any signification in Latin or English; but in this, the composition or derivation, generally fol- lowed by the original theme, is set before the English signification, so as to catch the eye. The English of these words is always given, so that the connexion between them and the present word may be perceived, and a judgment formed how the one is deduced from the other. The English significations of the Greek word follow pext. These have been selected from a careful comparison of the Latin of Stephens's The- saurus, Scapula, Damm, Schleusner, and other Lexicons. In this part two or three synonymes have been given for each signification ; and the most usual or vernacular expressions have been introduced, that thus the Greek sentence may fall into familiar English. After the significations, are subjoined any irregularities or varieties arising from dialect, &c. j and some of the more difficult inflections of each word are added. This Dictionary will answer for the study of Homer, Lucian, Xenophon, auch of the Greek Tragedies as are usually read in Schools, the Septuagint, and the New Testament. Every Λvord in this last book, Avith every variation of case, gender, number, and mood, will be found in it, and the quantity and doubtful vowels are carefully marked. 2 BOOKS FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND PRIVATE TEACHERS, NEW EDITION OF DAMM'S GREEK LEXICON, 1 Vol. 4to. price SI. 3s. boards. NOVUM LEXICON GRiECUM ETYMOLOGICUM ET REALE; Cui pro Basi substratse sunt Concnrdantise et Elucidationes Homericae et Pindaricee. AUCTORE T. C. DAMM. Editio de novo instructa; voces nempe omnes prsestans, primo, ordine Lite- rarum explicatas, deinde familiis etymologicis dispositas, Cura J. M. Duncan. Bjr the alphabetical arrangement which Mr. Duncan has accomplished with so much pains, and so much credit to himself, this valuable work is for the first time rendered accessible to every student of Greek ; while, by the derivative being given, and a list of Damm's arrangement being added to the work, the more advanced students are enabled to trace with facility the Avi- thor's etymology. The German idioms have been retained, but with an English Translation added, which renders this Dictionary, termed by the late Professor Young " a divine book -the Bible of the Greek language,'* the most valuable and agreeable assistant to the Greek student either in this Country or the Continent. And the Publishers have pleasure in announcinif that they are enabled to reduce the price from four to three guineas. NEW EDITION OF HEDERIC'S LEXICON, In 1 Vol. royal 8vo. GR.ECUM LEXICON MANUALE; Primum a B. Hederico institutum ; mox assiduo labore Sum. Patricii auctum myriade amplius Verborum ; deinde innumeris Vitus repnrgatum, plurimisque novis significatibus verborum locupletatum, cura J. A. Ernesti ; atque iterum recensitum et quamplurimura in utraque parte auctum, a T. MORELL, S.T.P. This edition is beautifully printed in 1 Vol. royal 8vo, from stereotype plates, which are considered the best that have been cast in this Country ; after having been most carefully revised and corrected throughout by Mr. Craig and Mr. Duncan, of Edinbu-rgh, who have inserted in the body of the work all the words which hitherto occupied the Appendix, corrected the (iiiotations from Authors, and added many new Examples from Apolloniu* Rhodius, iEschylus, Pindar, &c. PUBLISHED BY GEORGE COWIE & Co. 31, POULTRY. AN ABRIDGMENT OF AINSWORTH'S LATIN DICTIONARY; DESIOXED FOR THE USE OF SCUOOtS. BY THOMAS MORELL. D. D. A New Editiox, in which many hundreds of errors in spelling, both English and Latin, have been corrected ; the quotations from Classic Authors verified with the original passages, and the quantities carefully marked. By James Ross, LL.D. Price 15s. bound. ΑΝΑΛΕΚΤΑ 'ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΑ MEIONA : sive COLECaWNEA GR^CA MINORA, ad usum Tironum accommodata, cum Notis Philologicis, quas partim collegit, partim scripsit Georgius Dunbar, A.M. Socius Regise Societatis Edinensis, et in Academia Jacobi VI. Scotorum Regis Litt. Gr. Prof. Accedit Porvum Lexicon. Editio altera. 8vo. price 8s. bound. *»* This edition is considerably altered and enlarged. POTTER'S ANTIQUITIES of GREECE ; a new Edi- ditlou ; with a Life of the Author, by Robert Anderson, M.D.; and an Appendix, containing a concise History of the Grecian States, and an Account of the Lives and Writings of the most celebrated Greek Authors, by George Dunbar, F.R.S.E. Professor of Greek in the University of Edin- burgh, 2 Vols. 8vo. price 26i. boards. Very neatly printed in 9vo. XENOPHONTIS DE CYRI INSTITUTIONE, Libii Octoj ex recensione et cum Notis Thomse Hutchinson. Editio prioribus preestantior ; cum Indice Graecitatis Zeuniano aucto, et notis vocalium quan- titatem indicantibus ndorcato. Glasgow. 10s. 6d. boards. Another Edition of the same, with the Latin Translation on each page, ^but xvlthout the Index Graecitatis. lOi. 6d. boards. Very neatly printed in 8vo. XENOPHONTIS DE CYRI EXPEDITIONE, Libri Septem; ex recensione et cum Notis Tbomse Hutchinson, A.M. Editio prioribus prsestantior, cum Indice Graecitatis Zeuniano aucto, et notis voca- lium quantitatem indicantibus adornato. Glasgow. lOe. 6d. boards. Another Edition of the same, with the Latin Translation on each page, but >vithout the Index Griecitatus. 10s. Od. boards. XENOPHONTIS MEMORABILIA SOCRATIS, Libri Qnatuor, cum Apologia eidem auctori vulgo adscripta. Ex editione Schnei- deri, cum notis ejus et Indice GriEcitatis, notisque aliorum edltorum ; recen- suit Robertus Young, A.M. Very neatly printed uniformly with the two preceding volumes. Another edition of the same, with the Latin Translation on each page. The above are the only Editions of Xenophon published with the Trans- lation IN Latin on the same page with the Greek. 4 BOOKS FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND PRIVATE TEACHERS, COLLECTANEA GR7ECA MAJORA, Vol. IlL being: a Continuation of Dalzel's Majora. By Professor Dunbar. 8vo. 14s. boards. DALZEL's COLLECTANEA GR^ECA MAJORA, Vol. I. edited by Professor Dunbar, with very considerable additions and corrections. 8vo. price 11a•. boards. DALZEL's COLLECTANEA GRiECA MAJORA, Vol. II. edited by Professor Dunbar, The Text of Homer, Hesiod, and ApoUonius Rhodius, is corrected according to the principles stated in the Essay upon the Versification of Homer, in the 2d part of the Professor's Prosodia Grseca. The whole of the Text has undergone the most careful revision, and is augmented by one of the Nemean Odes of Pindar; and a very considerable number of additional Notes, explanatory of difficult pas- sages, &c. 8vo. nrice 12*. boards. ELEMENTS OF LATIN PROSODY; CONTAINING Rules for Quantity in English, with a full account of Versification; also, Classical Authorities for the Rules of Quantity, and the Latin Rules of Alvarez and Ruddiman, corrected and enlarged. BY R. J. BRYCE, A.M. PRINCIPAL OP THE BELFAST ACADEMY. Third Edition. Price Is. sewed, "A very concise and satisfactory Work on (to the learner) a most perplex- ing subject. The object of Mr. Bryce is not, as with many, to pile rule upon rule, a kind of prosodiacal " Pelian upon Ossa,",but to clear away— to strip the subject of much technical rubbish, and present it to the pupil in a winning simplicity."— Weekly Times. INTRODUCTION to LATIN READING, taken from the most approved Classical Authors, arranged in progressive Lessons from the more easy to the more difficult Rules in Syntax, according to the Eton Latin Grammar, Whittaker's Latin Exercises, and Ruddiman's Rudiments ; adapted to the weakest cai acity, by a preparation of all the Lessons in Quantity, Ety- mology, and Syntax ; and intended as a Book of Latin Reading as soon as the pupil has committed to memory the first Declension of Nouns. By William Β ALLANTYNE. Fourth edition. Price 36•. ϋ<ί. bound. PUBLISHED BY GEORGE COWIE & Co. 81, POULTRY. aUIN's COLLECTANEA LATINA, or SELECT Ex- tracts from such Latin authors as are usually read in schools before Virgil and Horace; with Notes, giammatical and explanatory, in Λvhich the difficul- ties in parsing, scanning, and proving, are resolved ; Λvith References to the Eton Latin Grammar : to which is added, a Vocabulary. By Thomas Quin. Secoud edition. Price 4s. 6d. bound. . QUIN's PRTNCIPIA LATiNA, or SHORT SEN- TENCES adapted to the RULES of SYNTAX in the Eton Latin Grammar; with a Vocabulary : being an introductory Work to the Collectanea Latina. By Thomas Quin. Price 2i. 6£?. bound. In 2 Vols. 8vo. price 12s. neatly bound in canvas, HOMERI ILIAS, cum brevi Annotatione C. G. Heyne. This Edition of the Iliad of Homer, with Notes, Exercises, and a copious Index, is printed in a clear and legible type, forms two handsome octavo Volumes, and is much cheaper than any other from the same text, and contains the same quantity of explanatory matter. In 8vo. price 4s. 6d. neatly half-bound, HOMERI ODYSSEiE Libri IX. X. XL XIL in quibus Casus suos, dum rediret a Troja ad Ithacam, Phaeacibus Ulysses enarrat. AcceduHt Notse qusedam, ex Opere Dammii Etymologico, et Editione Homeri Frnestiana, excerptse. Curante Henrico Huntingford, LL.B. CoUegii Beat»; Marise Winton. prope Winton. Socio. In Usum Scholse Winlo- niensis. •»• A new edition, clearly printed, and free from error. In 12mo. price 3s. bound, NOVUM FLORILEGIUM POETICUM. Editio re- cognita. In usum Scholie Wintoniensis. In this, the original edition of an excellent initiatory Work, all the objec- tionable extracts from Martial and Catullus are omitted; and it is accurately printed. In 12mo. price Ss. neatly half-bound. The RTSE, PROGRESS, and DECLINE of POETRY aod the FINE ARTS in ANCIENT ROME; being the first five Dialogues of Spence's Polymetis. $§i This work was undertaken at the suggestion of a most eminent schoJar and divine; and it is strenuously recommended to all persons engaged in classical education, as calculated not only to encourage the pursuit of ancient literature, by a judicious display of its treasures, but also to cul- tivate a correct taste, by displaying the genuine models of excellence; and to save unnecessary trouble, by pointing out what is really worth the labour of acquiring. 6 BOOKS FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND PRIVATE TEACHERS. In 2 Vols. 8vo. price Ids. 6d. neatly bound in canvas, The HISTORY of the LIFE and REIGN of PHILIP, KING of MACEDON, the Father of Alexander. By Thomas Leland, D.D. Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin. A new Edition, corrected. JOHNSON'S ENGLISH DICTIONARY, with WALKER'S Pronunciation added. Revised, corrected, and enlarged, with the addition of several thousand words in the arts and sciences, by Robert &. Jaaieson, Esq. of Lincoln's Inn; beautifully printed upon superfine laid paper, demy 8vo, 2d edition, corrected. Price 14e. boards. $§t The object of this work is to combine the merits of the most popular Dictionaries, especially those of Johnson and Walker, so as to supersede the necessity now felt of having more than one Dictionary even for the ordinary purposes of the English student; and at the same time, in avoiding their defects and redundancies, to preserve the same dimensions as the ordinary octavo abridgment of Johnson. The course which has been adopted is, first, the exclusion of many words, now standing in Todd's edition of Johnson, which neither by use or analogy are English; and the introduction of Avhich, either in writing or conversation, would draw upon the person using them the charge of pedantry or vulgarity. Secondly, in the common abridgments of Johnson, the authors' names are still retained ; while the quotations, shewing the various acceptations in which the words were used by such authors, and which alone could make their names valuable, or even necessary, have been excluded, llany of these are names of no authority beyond that of having appeared in print, while their perpetual recurrence has contributed to swell the volume, to the exclusion of really valuable matter. These names have been dispensed with ; and the space obtained by their omission, and by the omission of useless words and obsolete acceptations, has been devoted to the insertion of all such technical words as are now in use, and which the general reader is likely to meet with, and expected to understand; these have been given from the best authorities. Among such additions are many which have been compounded for or applied to recent inventions, ηοΛν of general notoriety, and which therefore demand a place in an English vocabulary. To these may be added many words, which, but a few years since, might have been deemed obsolete or homely, but which having been of late most deservedly revived by writers of transcendant merit, now contribute both power and beauty to the most vigorous and polished compositions of the age. These, without descending to mere provincialisms, have been carefully inserted. The pronunciation of Walker has been generally followed, though the Editor has not felt himself bound in all cases to adopt his mode of express- ing that pronunciation. The principal deviation from Walker's system has been in the restoring of certain letters, for which others of a similar or nearly similar sound have been unnecessarily substituted. The simplicity and typographical beauty of the mode suggested by the Pub- lishers, and adopted for the first time in the present Work, of marking the dif- ferent sounds of the vowels by the points, instead of the figures, will be immediately perceived. JONES'S SHERIDAN IMPROVED ; a general Pro- nouncing and Explanatory Dictionary of the English Language, for the Use of Schools, on the plan of Mr. Sheridan, Stereotype Edition, revised, corrected, Bad improved throughout by the Editor, Price 3s. 6d, bound. PUBLISHED BY GEORGE COWIE & CO. 31, POULTRY. GOLDSMITH'S ABRIDGMRNT of the HISTORY of ENGLAND, from the Invasion of Caesar till the Death of George II., with a continuation to the present time, and a series of Questions for exercises upon each chapter, by Joh.v Dy-mock. This Edition is embellished with Heads by Bewick. Price 4s. bound. GOLDSMITH'S ABRIDGMENT of the HISTORY of ROME, with Questions for Exercises, by John Dymock. Price 3s. 6d. bound. GOLDSMITH'S ABRIDGMENT of the HISTORY of GREECE, with Questions for Exercises, by John Dymock. Price 3e. 6d. The RHETORICAL READER; consistingr of choice Specimens in Oratorical Composition, in Prose and Verse ; to which are pre- fixed^ Mr. Walker's Rules on Elocution, pointing out the Pauses, Emphases, and Inflexions, suitable to every variety of Sentence, illustrated by appo- site Examples. By. J. H. Hindmarsh, Teacher of Elocution. Second Edition. Price 55^. Gd. boards. ENCYCLOPEDIA EDINENSIS; or, a Dictionary of the Arts, Sciences, and Literature, in β Vols.4to. including all the moderii Im- provements to the present time, and illustrated by upwards of 180 Engravings. Price 12/. boards. tit The Public and Subscribers are respectfully acquainted that th!e Work is now completed, and it will be found to embrace every branch of human kuo\vledge, in a form so concise, and at the same time so complete, as cannot fail to satisfy its readers that all the purposes for which works of this nature are required are here, by perspicuous and methodical arrange- ment, fully attained. In 2 Vols. 8vo. price ISs. boards, THE LIFE OF M. T, CICERO. BY CONYERS MIDDLETON. HOMERI ILIAS, Orsece et Latine, ex recensione et cum Notis S. Cl.^rke. 2 Vols. 8vo. Price 18i. boards. 8 BOOKS FOR THE USE OF SCHOOLS AND PRIVATE TEACHERS, A concise NEW GAZETTEER of the World, for the Use of Schools, describing the Situation, Extent, and Boundaries of its great natural Features and political Divisions ; exhibiting the Pronunciation of the Names, and supplying a Vocabulary of Nouns and Adjectives derived from Names of Places. Illustrated by Seven Maps, engraved on Steel by Mr. S. Hall. By C. Eabn&haw. Price 5*. 6]σα. Dor. φσα. — Th. a, intens. and εϊδω, to know ; because this word is applied principally to poets, to whom the knowledge of various things is attributed. Of the same signification is μ'ξΧηειν ; but ψάλ- \iiv applies to musical instruments. θίά, ας, ή, a goddess. Th.S-io^, a god, which comes from Βεάομαι, to behold %uith religious awe and admiration, to view ; or from θέω, 1. f. Βτεύσω, to run, because the planets, which revolve in a continued course, were styled deities by the ancients, Β 2 -^ . KEY TO HOMER. ΪΙηΧίνς, ίως, and eoc, Ό, the son of ^ΐαουε, husband of Thetis, and father of Achilles, king of the Myrmidons in Thessaly. The genitive in is Ionic ; that in ω, Attic. Hence the patronymic Πηλείδης, 1Ί7)\Ηδης, ίΐηληΐδης, 6, and hence the poets, by interposing a, fona ΙΙηληϊάδης, ov, Ion. €ω, (ivhere, in scanning, the ε always coalesces with the ω,) the son of Peleus. Another form of this patronymic is ΊΙηλίίων, ωνος, 6' α. 188, 197, &c. Άχιλλενς, έως, ό, the son of Peleus and Thetis, grandson of iEacus. On account of the origin of the name, it is written Άχιλβνς, being formed from a, intens, and χείλος, the lip. ' Αχιληος, Gen. sing. Ion. for Άχιλέος, which also is the Ionic form for Άχιλεως. Ούλόμενος, η, ov, destroying, pernicious; aor. 2. mid. Ion. for όλόμενος, of δλω and όλέω, 1. f. όλέσω, perf. ώλεκα, Att. όλώλεκα, aor. 2. mid. ώλό/ί>;ί/, todestroij, to ruin ; and hence όλλυ /it, id. also to lose, I. 22. "Ος, i), b, who, which, ichat ; ος frequently is used for stoq, he, ζ. 59. Μύριοι, lai, ία, very many, infinite, innumerable ; but with the ac- cent on the antepenultimate, μνριοι, lai la, ten thousand, (a deter- mination of number unknown to Homer.) The indeterminate signi- fication occurs also in the singular number, μνρίος, ία, ίον, copi<}us, immense. Th. μνρω, tofiow with noise. 'Αχαιοί, ών, οί, a general name of all the Grecians, but more fre- quently, however, the appellation of the nobles Άπά chief s of the Gre- cians. In β. 530, the 'Αχαιοί are properly the Peloponnesians in contradistinction to those Grecians living outside Peloponnesus. The part of Greece beyond Peloponnesus was called η 'Ελλάς•. "Αλγος, εος, το, pain, woe, grief: hence άλγέω, f. 1. ϊ/σω, ίο snffer pain. Th. άλέγω, to be earnest, or solicitous. Έθηκε, aor. 1. of τίθημι, f. 1. θησω, p. τίθεικα, to place, to cause, to effect. Πολύς, λλή, λν, many, takes its cases from the ancient ττολλός, ex- cept the Nom, and Ace. sing. masc. and neut. But the poets some- times use τΓολλός, and also inflect πολνς reg-ularly, as Gen. πολίος, jN'om. pi. τΓολεες, &c. Vid. β. 4. At, Conj. though sometimes discretive and adversative, it is most frequently connective — but, for, and, then, therefore, however, never- theless, truly. It is frequently used for dr). Subjoined to an accusa- tive it signifies towards. Th. δεω, to connect. Ίφ^ιμος, η, ov, brave, resolute; Th. i^i, adv. bravely, (which is from tc, νός, η, a nerve, strength,) and θυμός, δ, ό, the mind, as if Ιφθίθνμος, by Syncope, and changing υ into i, is formed ιφθιμος. Ψνχή, ης, η, breath, spirit, soul ; Th. ψύχω, f. ξω, ίο cool by breath- ing, to breathe, for the lungs and heart are kept constantly cool by the breath. *Αϊς, ιδος, ή, for άδης, a, ύ, Orcus, Tartarus, darkness; Th. a, priv. and Idov, aor. 2. of ίϊ^ω, ίο see. Ίάπτω, f. ψω, to send with injury : ττροϊάπτω, to send prematurely with violence , to throve to a distance, to hurl ; Ύ\ι.'ίημι, ίο send, ίίρυί- a\pev, 3 sing. aor. 1. iudic. ν being added. ILIAD A'. 3 Ήρως, ωος, ο, (Xcc. ήρωα, and, by Apocope, ί?ρω,) α hero, a demi- god, one who so excelled others in valour as to be esteemed a god. Its etymology is the same with αρετή, ής, ή, virtue, valoiir, viz. ij άρά, a vow, a prayer : others deduce it from ή ipa, ας, the earth, because such Avere terrestrial deities. Αντος, ή, ό, self, the same: a pronoun, compounded of av, also, and 6ς, or ό, he uho, τ being inserted for euphony. Έλώριον, s, TO, prey, booty : Th. 'ίλωρ, ορός, το, id. wliich is from αωεομαι, aor. 2. mid. άλόμην, to take. Ύενχω, f. ξω, to form, to make, to frame ; 3 sing, imperf. τεοχε, Ion. for 'ίτευχε. Κύων, ό or;/, a dog ; Gen. κυονος, by Syncope, κννος, &c. \vhich takes place in the other cases ; Dat. pi. poetically κννεσσιν Th. κύω, to kiss, to love, because a dog fawns upon, and is, as Eustathius says, (piko^ta7roToc,fotid of his master. Homer applies it also as an epithet to a person void of shame, ζ. 356, &c. Οιωνός, δ, 6, a bird of augury, an omen, augury; and because crows and eagles were the most usual birds of augury, hence it denotes any large carnivorous bird : Th. οίω, to think, to forbade. -ο~ισι for -ο?ς, Att. Ion. and JEol. Ύε, and, an enclitic particle ; τε repeated has the force of the Latin €t — et. Frequently it is an expletive. Ιίάς, άσα, αν, all, every, whole. Ζενς, Jupiter, Gen. Atoc, for which Ζην, Ζί/ΐ'ος, and Dor. Zav, Ζανος, from ζάω, to live, because he gives life to all. 'Γελείω, Ion. and Poet, for τεΧέω, f. έσω, to accomplish, to fulfil. Th. τέλος, an end, an issue — ^which is from τέλλο;, to determine, trf- λείετο, 3 sing. imp. pass. Βουλή, ής, ή, will, decree, design, sometimes a council, and the place in which they meet. Th. jSetoXa, praet. mid. oi βάλλω, to throw or cast at a mark ; a metaphor taken from archers : hence βάλομαι, to wish, to decree. Έζ Η, scil. χρόνου, (which is most frequently omitted \vhen εζ is referred to the signification of time,) from what time 1 "Όν, Gen. sing, of δς, /}, δ, who, &c. Ιξ before a vowel, ίκ before a consonant. Δί), Conj. or Adv. truly, indeed, certainly, also, now, for, yteverthe- less, must be variously expressed in reference to the context. The poets frequently prefix δή, which position never occurs in prose writers. Τα ττρώτα, i. e. κατά τά ττοώτα, first, in the beginning, taken ad- verbially ; ττρωΓος, η, ov, first, contraction of ττρόατος, for ττρότατος, superl. from the prep, ττρό, before. Διΐτί^/χι, f. ατήσω, to distinguish, to separate, to disagree ; Th. Sid Άπάϊτημι, as if to place asunder ; δια-^ήτην, for διε'^ήτην, 3. du. aor. 2. ind. act. 'Ερίζω, f. σω, to contend ; Th. ερις έριδος, ή, contention — Ιρίσας, aor. 1. part. act. in thfe dual ερ'ισαντε. Άτρεύς, έως, 6, the son of Pelops and Hippodamia, father of Aga- memnon and Menelaus. Th. a, priv. and τρεω, to fear. Hence the patronymic ό Άτρείδης, β, the son of Atreus, and sometimes Άτρείων, ωνος, ό. 4 KEY TO HOMER. Άναζ, ακτος, υ, is properly a divine appellation, and is attributed to Jupiter and the other gods. Th. άνώ or άνά, above, and άκος, a remedy : because all relief comes to us from the gods ; hence it sig- nifies, a chief, a king, and also a master of a family, (thus δμώες, i^ ανακτες, servants and masters, Odyss. p.) its feminine, άνασσα, ης, ή, a queen, a mistress : hence άνάσσω, to rule, to govern. Ι'Άναξ is formed by some from άνά and άισσω, to rush with force, to j^ass, be- cause a king excels others.] Άνήρ, ερος, and ^ρός, ό, a man, a hero, a noble ; Th. άνω, imperf. 7ivov, tofnish, to perfect. From άνήρ is formed avdpia, ας, η, and ήνορεη, ης, ή, manliness, fortitude. Και, conj. and, also, even, or. ΑΊος, Τα, lav, contracted for δίίος, divine, sjming from Jove; Th. Διός, Gen. of Ztvg, vid. 1, 5. Ύίς, τι, Gen. τίνος, (with the acut^ accent,) who? ichatl of what kind or sort ? An interrogative, to be carefully distinguished from the indefinite τις, τι, (with the grave accent) sotne one or thing, any one or thing, one, certain, each, some. T' άρ', by apostrophe for re άρα : "Αρα, Conj. or Adv. therefore, then, at length,for, truly, accordingly. It must be variously resolved, according to the context ; joined to a conditional particle, or a doubt- ful interrogation, it expresses a conjectural connexion, perhaps. "Άρα circumflexed, is an interrogation, and inquires whether any connexion subsists, pray 1 Th. άρω, to connect. In place of άρα, the adverb, the poets sometimes write ap' and pa, cutting off the final or initial a. Σφωί, σφε, for which the poets sometimes use σφώ, Nom. and Ace. du. of 8, of himself, herself, itself. The natural genitive is so, which is Attically contracted into e, Ion. into ευ, and from which also ϊθεν is used lonically. Homer never employs the Attic contraction «, to avoid ambiguity, that this pronoun may be distinguished from the possessive «, from ιός, εά, tbv, his, &ic. Σφωε, and the other case, have also the same signification as αντώ, &c. them. 'Epidi, Dat. sing, of ερις. \^id. 1 . 6. ^ννεηκα, Att. for σννεηκα, which Ion. for σννηκα, an irregular aor. 1. o( συνίημι, fut. 1. συνησω, to engage, to bring together, to set ut variance, also to understand, β. 182. Th. συν and 'lij/xc, which is from ίέω, to send. Μάχομαι, f. ησομαι, to fight : it borrows its tenses from μαχεομαυ hence μάχη, ης, η, a combat, a battle. Αητώ, 6ος, δς, η, Latona, the mother of Apollo and Diana ; alle- gorically, the night, from λήθω, to lie hid, to conceal. Ύίος, 8, ό, α son; Th. νω, to rain, because he is the joy of his parents, as rain delights the earth. The Attic form is νιενς, εως, ελέτ}]ς, vid. a. 75. κλντό- τοξος, vid. 8. 101. άpyυpότoζoς, vid. a. 37. Φοίβος, vid. a. 43, &:c. [Th. άπόλλνμι. f. λ^σω, to destroy ; as Apollo killed the serpent Py- thon, i. e. the sun dispels vapours : or and th ττρολνειν τοί'ς ανθρώ- πους των κακών, because he preserves men from evil by healing their diseases.] 15 Χρΰσεος, ta, εον, by Crasis «ς, ή, ϊίν, golden; Th. χρυσός, S, b, or χρνσεον, a, To, gold. [All things held in high estimation, and em- ployed in honour of the gods, are styled golden by Homer. But the priest of Apollo carries χρΰσεον σκηπτρον, because gold is consecra- ted to the sun, as silver is to the moon, iron to Mars, &.c. according to Eustathius. Σκήπτρον, «, το, a stick, a sceptre; Th. σκηπτω, f. 1. ■φω, to lean upon. Αίσσομαι, to entreat as a suppliant, to supplicate; ίλίσσετο, 3 sing, imperf. mid. 16 Μαλιτα, chiefiy, principally ; Adv. of the superlative degree, from μάλα, much, whose comparative is μάλλον, more ; formed of μα, a particle of affirmation, and λα, an intensitive particle. Αύω, poetically for δυο. Gen. dvolv and δυών, fern, ^υεΐν Dat. νυσι• jEoI. ^ύεσι. The poet constantly uses ΰύο and δύω, indeclina- ble — two. Δοιώ, γ. 236. δοιαΐ, c. 7, and δοιά, μ. 464. poetically for cvo. Κοσμήτωρ, ορός, ΰ, a ruler, leader, general, prince ; Th. κοσμΐω, f. 1. ησω, to set in order, to array, to draw up in array ; which is ίτοΉχ κόσμος, an accurate arranging, (hence it becomes a military term. ILIAD A'. 7 when an army is properly drawn in ranks,) order, discipiine, ornament, praise ; also, the world. Άλλος, άλλη, άλλο, other, another., 17 Εΰκνημις, iCoc, 6 ic) ?'/, (by a poetic diaeresis ευ,) icell-greaved : Ho- Xner here uses it, by Synecdoche, for εΰοττλος, icell-armed ; Th. εν, ivell, and κνημις, ίδος, ή, a boot or greave, which is from κνήμη, ης, y, the leg from the knee to the f^ot. Σν, Genit. σδ. Ion. afv, you. ΎμΧν, Dat. pi. 18 Mev, Conj. truly, indeed. Αίδωμι,ί. 1. δώσω, aor. 2. ί^ων, to give ; Th. οόω, id. — οοίησαν, 3 pi. aor. 2. opt. for which δοΊεν, Boeot. and yEoI. Όλύμτηος, a, ov, celestial ; Th.'OXujLt^og, and Ion. Ονλνμττος, s, o, Olympus ; a very high mountain of Thessaly and Macedon, whose tops tower above the clouds, and hence it was assigned as a habitation for the gods, from which it also signifies heaven. The name may be considered as fonned by Syncope, and ^Eol. from όλόλαμττος, (Th. ϋλος, entire, and λάμττω, to shine,) because there the air is ahvays clear. Others derive it from 'όλος and λαμπρός, splendid, because the heavens are bright with the stars. Αωμα, by Crasis for do μη μα, τος, το, (for Avhich we meet some- times, by Apocope, the indeclinable δώ,) u dwelling, habitation, house ; Th. οομεω, ησω, to build, to erect, which is from ΰέμω, id. ' Έκττέρθω, to lay waste, to destroy, f. 1. ίκττερσω, aor. 2. εΚειτραθον, 19 by Metathesis for ίζίπαρθον ; from περΘω, id. Th. ττρηθω, to burn, because cities \vhich are laid waste are usually set on fire. Έκπίρ- σαι, aor. 1. inf. act. Ώρίαμος, a, 6, Priam, son of Laomedon, father of Paris, and last king of Troy. His name had been ΙΙοδάρκης, εος, 6, but when Her- cules took Troy, the royal youth was made captive, and ransomed by his sister Hesione. After this he was called Πρίαμος, from πρίαμαι, to purchase, ΤΙόλις, ως, and εως, η, a city, built and fortified ; also, α siai^; Th. ΤΓολέω, to be, to live, or dwell, because men inhabit it ; or ττολν^•, because it contains a multitude. Ευ, Adv. well, happily, honourably, prosperously ; Th. Ινς, good. ΟΊκαΰε, and οΐκόνόε. Adv. homeward ; Th. οΊκος, s, 6, a house, the general name for a habitation or receptacle, from εχω, to hold, to have. Ίκνέομαι, takes its tenses from 'ίκομαι, to go, to arrive ; hence aor. 2. mid. ϊκόμην, whose infinitive is 'ίκεσθαι. ΙΙαΐς, τΓαι^ός, 6 Κ) y), a boy or girl, a son or daughter, a sei-vant. 20 Έγώ, Pron. /; Th. to*, I am ; for the Genit. ίμβ are used ίμοΐο, ψεΊο, ϊμεϋ, μ'α, μεν, εμίθ^ν, all which are Ionic forms ; εγωγε is an Attic form for ί-γώ, but is generally used as a more forcible expres- sion than the simple pronoun. Φίλος, η, ov, dear, beloved ; Comparat. ώίλτΐρος, Superl. φίλτατος, for φιλώτερος, ψιλώτατος' Th. φιλίω, to love, to kiss, which is from ττίνω, to drink; as if ττίλος, because banquets produce love and friendship. Δέχομαι, to receive, to accept, f. 1. δεξομαι, perf. ίίϋοχα, perf. pass» ζίδε-^μαι- οίχεσθε, 2 pi. imperat. pres. mid. β KEY TO HOMER. 21 "Αζω, and ίίζομαι, to fear with reverence, to venerate, to icorship, to reapect ; άζόμενοι, part. pres. mid. Th. χάζω, to retire; since we yield to him whom we respect or fear. 22 "Ενθ' for ίνθα, Adv. here, there, then. Έ^Γεv(|iημkoJ, to express approbation, to approve, to praise ; Th. είτ- φημ'ίω, to speak well of, to titter words of good omen ; Th. ευ, and φημι, to speak : hence εύφημος, s, ό ^ 1), praiseworthy. 23 Αίδεομαι, to reverence, to venerate, to hold in admiration, to respect, to blush ; f. I. εσομαι diud ησομαΐ' from αιδώς, shame, respect, reve- rence. Th. a, priv. and ΙδεΧρ, to see; because shame compels one to avert the eyes : whence the proverb, αιδώς iv όφ^ταλμοΧς• αίδείσθαι, pres. inf. mid. Θ' for Tf, and ; τε, by apostrophe, becomes τ', and, on account of the following tispirated vowel, 3"'. Ίερενς, ίος, 6, a priest ; Ίερήα, Ace. Ion. for ιερέα' hence I'speia, ας, y, a priestess, and Ίερενω, to sacrifice; from \εξΐος, sacred, holy ; Th. Ίή, an exclamation in hymns and prayers, chiefly to Apollo, and from which the Latins borrowed their lo ; and i?) is from ιέμαι, to ivish, to desire, for the desire of what is favourable is expressed by this Adverb. Άγλαυς, a, bv, noble, splendid, beautiful, illustrious, by Metathesis irom ay άλλω, to adorn. Th. άγάω, to admire, to honour, to approve vehemently. Hence άγαλμα, ατός, το, an ornament, also a statue, i, 144. Αεχθαι, for δέδεχθαι, perf. inf. pass, of δέχομαι, vid. ante, 1. 20. 24 Άλλα, Con'], but ; it is frequently used as a word of encourage- ment, vid. a, 32. Ov, a negative particle, not, used before a consonant, but έ /c before a smooth vowel, and πχ before an aspirate. Αγαμέμνων, όνος, 6, king of Mycenre in Peloponnesus. He pos- sessed an hereditary kingdom, and the genealogy of liis house is thus described in β. 104.— 109. : Pelops, son of Tantalus. . Λ , Atreus. Thyestes. .J^ Agamemnon, Menelaus. yEgistlms. Orestes. The name may be derived from άγαν, very, and μίμνω, same as μένω, to remain firm ; or, according to Plato, from αγασθαι and /; μονή, denoting τον άγα'^ον κατά την εττιμονήν, one to be admired for his perseverance in the labour of the Trojan war. ^Ανδάνω, to please, a poetic fonn, by Paragoge, from ί;^ω, 7)δάνω, αδάνω, άνδάνω, as from Χηθω is formed Χανθάνω, from μι)θω, μαν- θάνω, from ληχω, λαγχάνω, from δηχω, δαγχάνω, by Syncope, δάκνω, &C. Hence this form has only the present and imperfect ; it takes its other tenses from ήδω, f. 1. ησω, to delight, to satiate ; f. 2. άδω, aor. 2t 'έαδον, for ηδον, 2Eo\. evadov aor. 1, εασα, ϊοτ ησα' •• ILIAD A'. 9 perf. mid. ηδα, for which εαδα, poetically. Also α^ω, f. 1. άσω, t» , satiate, to satisfy. θυμός, δ, ό, the mind, soul, pleasure, wish, the spirit, life, bcc. pro- perly, a mind enraged ; or, according to the Stoics, opyj) άρχομίνη, rising anger. Th. ^νω, same as ^ύνω, to rush ivith force, to hasten. Vid. a, 342, where this etjnnology is exemplified. Κακώς, reproachfully, abusively, from κακός, bad, evil. Th. χάζω, 25 io yield. Άφίημι, f. 1. αφήσω, to dismiss ; άφίει, 3 sing. imp. for apiee, from άφύω, same as άφ'ιημι. Th. ίω, f. /;σω, to send ; for which 'ίημι, (as if from Ιέω,) is used. Κρατερός, a, ov, hard, severe, vehement, threatening. Th. κράτος, εος, τό, power, strength ; hence κρατίω, to hold dominion, to be supe- rior, to conquer. ΈτΓίΓέλλω, f. £λώ, to enjoin, to order. Th. τεΧΧω, to appoint, to determine ; εττετεΧλε, 3 sing, imperf. The separation of the Prep. iTTi and 'έτελλε occurs by Tmesis, (for the sake of the metre,) which Homer frequently adopts. Μΰθος, 8, ό, signifies primarily thought, counsel, design, in the mind ; hence word, speech, expression; sometimes command, mandate. Th. μνω, to shut up, to close. Mi/, Ad. not, lest. 26 Γέρων, οντάς, ό, an old man ; Vocat. ώ γερον from γήρας, ατός. To, old age. Th. γέα, the earth ; as if γεαν όρων, because old men look downwards being bent by age : or, according to others, της -γης ερών, because they are solicitous about their burial. Κοίλος, η, ov, hollow ; an epithet of large ships which have great stowage, and signifies therefore not only hollow, but also capacious ; lience κολίός, δ, υ, and τό κοΧεόν, δ, α scabbard for a sword — jcoiXy- σιν, Dat. pi. f. Ion. for κοίλαις. Παρά, at, near, with a Dative. Ι^ηνσΙ, Dat. pi. Ion. from νανς, vid. ante, 1. 12. Κιχέω, f. ήσω, tofiml, to apprehend ; poetically κιχείω' κιχάνω, ta be near at hand to, λ. 441, and κΊχημι, from κίω, same as ϊω or ίω, te go, and χ'εω, χώ, to take, to receive. "H, Conj. or. 27 Jii'v, Adv. 710W. Αηθννω, to delay, to tarry. Th. δηθά, long, which is from dr/v, id. — οηθύνοντ' for ^ηθΰνοντα, ace. sing. part. pres. "ΥτΕρον, Adv. afterwards, hereafter : from 'ί"7ερος, later, as if νπό- τερος ; Th. ϋττό. Αί'τις and αυφις. Adv. back, backwards, again, afterwards. Th. av, id. αύθι occurs sometimes for αύθις, but more frequently for αυτόθι, here, there. Ίων, Particip. of εΙμι, to go ; Ιόντα, Ace. sing. "Sv, Adv. certainly, nevertheless, rather, therefore ; it is an enclitic, and sometimes used for δη, truly, as in this passage. . Toi, Dor. for σοι, Dat. sing, of συ. Χοαισμέω, f. 1. ήσω, ic be a remedy against evil, to bear as$ista7ice, io avail; hence r) χραίσμη, useful assistance. Th. χράω, to afford for 10 KEY TO HOMER. nse, to help; whence χρήσιμος, μ, ov, useful, and χρησιμεύω, to afford advantage, from ^.vhich, by omitting v, is formed χρησιμεω, and Dor. χρασιμεω, and, by Metathesis, χραισμίω. 29 ΐΐρίν. Adv. before, before that. Th. ττρυ, before. Mil', for αντυν, αυτήν, αντυ, is an enclitic, used sometimes also for the plural number, signifying himself, herself, itself, &c. — vlv has the same signification, in the Doric dialect, and is sometimes used in place of the Dative. Γήρας, οτος, το, old age. Th. ή γεα, the earth, whence the ad- jective γεηρος, earthen: because old age resembles the earth in colour, and becomes allied to it in dea,th ; or because in the ancient world nothing was esteemed more honourable than old age : hence ό γέρωι^, οντάς, one excelling in dignity, and το γέρας, ατός, reward as a mark of honour. "Εττειμι, to come upon, to invade ; from εττΐ and βίμι, toga. Έττει- σιν, 3 sing. pres. 30 'Ημέτερος, a, ov, our ; from ημείς, Nom. pi. of ίγώ. ΈνΙ, for εν, poetically, in : so vvvi for vvv. "Αργός, εος, το, a district of Peloponnesus, from which the whole of Peloponnesus frequently assumes its name, (as r) Έλλας v/as pro- perly the district over which Peleus ruled, and from which afterwards the whole of Greece lying between Macedonia and Peloponnesus re- ceived its appellation) : its principal city was Mycenfe, where Aga- memnon reigned. It is styled ιπττό^οτον, because it Avas a flat coun- try, and famous for good horses. This name, in its most extensive signification, denotes all Greece ; whence the Grecians are called Αργεΐοι. Ύηλάθι, Adv. at a distance, far from. Th. τηλε, id. Τ7]\όΘιπάτρης, for τηλόθι εκ ττάτρης. Ώ-άτρη, ης, ή, ones native comitry ; Ion. for πάτρα, ας; from πατήρ, ερος, by Sync, τρος, which, according to the grammarians, is from στΓίίρω, to sow, as if σττατήρ. According to Eustathius, it is from τηρεω, to preserve, in reference to the gods, ό ro τταν τηρών ; in reference to men, ό τπς τταΧδας τηρών. 31 Ί'^ος, δ, ό, the mast of a ship, ψ. 852. a tveaver's shuttle οτ reed, hence the iceb itself ; from 'ίστασθαι, for a mast is elevated, and the tlireads of the web are made firm by the shuttle. ΈτΓοίχομαι, to rush against, to conduct, to run over or through ; so " percurrit pectine telas," to run through a xveb with the reed, Virg, G. I. 294. — from οίχομαι, to go, to set out ; which borrows its tenses from οίχεομαΐ' perf. ψχηκα, but Att. φχωκα ; η being changed into w εττοιχομενην. Ace. sing. f. part. pres. Έμος, ή, 01', mine; from ΙμΗ, Gen. sing, of εγώ. Αεχος, εος, το, a bed; Th. λέγω, ίο place, to settle, to make one lie down; λέγομαι, to lie, to be in bed ; hence άΧοχος, s, ή, a w'//e, where a has the same signification as σνν or ojuS. Άντιάω, f. άσοι, to meet, to oppose, to take care of, to enjoy, to administer ; Particip. άνηώσα, but poetically, άντιόωσα• άντιάομαι, to be present at, ω. §2. Th. αντί. 32 "Ιθι, pres. imper. of εΊμι, to go. ILIAD A'. 11 'Ερ(9ίζ<*>, f. l.tffw, to irritate, to excite to wrath; from Ιρεθω, id. Th. ίρις, contention ; also the goddess of contention, λ. 3. Σάος (σώς), σάη (σα), σάορ (σων), safe ; Compar. σαώτίρος here used for the positive. Σάος is contracted into σώς, whence is formed σόος, η, ov, id. "Ως, Conj. and Adv. that : ως, with the grave accent, thus. Ke, a Particle, denoting sometimes the potential av, or having the significa- tion of δή, truly ; ώς κε is the same as the Latin iit sane. Νίω, f. νήσω and νενσω, to move, to heap up, to wind up, to swim, to go, (νεω and νεομαι in this latter sense may be formed from εω, id.) to return; in j3. 84. to depart. Ιϋ'εηαι, Ion. for vty, 2 pers. sing, subj. mid. Φημι, formed from <ράω, to speak, to say, to affirm ; sometimes ίο 33 think; β. 37. φή yap oy' α'ιρησειν, for he thought that he would take, &c. The middle φάμαι is not used ; but from it are formed the imp. and 2 aor. εφάμηί'. Δείδω, to fear ; f. 1. 6είσω, perf. δεδεικα, perf. m. δέδοικα for δεδοι- δα, poetically δείδοικα' also δεδια, poetically δείδεα• εδδεισε, poetically for ίδεισε. Th. δίω, to pursue, to fly, to fear. ΙΙείθω, f. I. σω, to persuade ; -πείθομαι, to be persuaded, hence to obey ; Ιπείθετο, 3 sing, imperf. ind. mid. In the preterite middle it signifies, ίο believe, to tinist; ττειθώ, όος, δς, ή, persuasion, obedience. Bij, for ε€η, 3 sing. aor. 2. of βαίνω, which borrows its other tenses 34 from βάω, but this from βήμι, to go, to depart. Άκίων, οντος, υ, and άκίονσα, silent, not opening the mouth to speak. It is derived in a participial form from άκήν, for which also it is used adverbially. 'Akjjv, Adv. without opening the mouth, silently. Th. a, priv. and χαίνω, to gape ; χ hemg changed lonically into κ. Πάρα, Prep, by, along. Θιν, or Βις, Βινος, 6 i^ ή, properly a heap of sand lying on the .<^ > shore, the shore itself. Th. ^είνω, to strike, because the sea shoie i-> beaten by the waves. 11ολνφλθίσ€ος, a, υ Κ) ί), making a great noise, loud-sounding ; frorn ΐΓοΧνς, and φ\οΙσ€ος, s, b, the noise of the sea; Th. φΧεω, to boil, to rage ; oio. Ion. for 8. θάλασσα, ης, ι), the sea ; Th. αλς, αλός, >;, id. by Pleonasm of the θ• but ό αλς, αλός, salt. Some deduce it from σάλος, the sea, as if it were σάλασσα. "ΕττεΐΓ for εττειτα, then, afterwards ; Th. ίττει, wheti, since. 3-3 Άπάνενθε, Adv. ajyart, at a distance : Th. άνενθε, from άνεν, without. Κίω, same a» loj or εω, to go, to come, κ being prefixed, aor. 2. εκιον is used in all moods. Άράομαι, to pray, to pray for evil to any one, to imprecate; Th. άρά, ας, y, prayer, imprecation ; ήράθ' for ήρατο, 3 sing, imperf. con- tract, for ήράεΓΟ. Γεραώς,ά, ov, old; from χερών, οντος, ο, an old man; Compar. γ(ραίτερος, Superl. γεραίτατος. Tor for ov, whom. Έΰκομος, a, 6 i^ r), poissised of beautiful hair ; by a poetic diaeresis. 12 KEY TO HOMER. ϋκομος, from ev, well, and κομή, ης, ή, a head of hair, which is from κομίω, to take care of, or κοσμεω, to adorn. Ύεκε for 'ίτεκε, 2 aor. of τίκτω, to bring forth, which borrows its fut. τ'εξω, and its 2 fut. τεκώ, from the obsolete τεκω. 37 Κλνμι, to hear ; κλνθι, imper. pres. from κλνω, id. Μεν, Dor. for /i<8. Άρ•γυρότοζος, a, υ κν V, having a silver boic ; from άργυρος, δ, ό, (Th. άργυς, ή, ον, white,') and τόξον, «, το, α how; Th. τάζω, to stretch oat. Χρνση, ης, η, a city in Phrygia Minor, where Apollo was particu- larly worshipped. Άμφι^αίνω, to go round or about, to surround, to protect; from άμφι, about, and βαίνω, fut. βήσομαι, perf. βε€ηκα, to go. 38 Κίλλα, ης, η, Cilia, a small Trojan town, built by Pelops in ho- nour of his charioteer, (ύ Κίλλος, «,) near to which was a temple of Apollo. Ζάθεος,εη, εάν, very divine, illustrious; from ζά, an intens. parti- cle, and θεός, God. Τενε^ς, s, and Ion. oto, r). an island sacred to Apollo. 'Ίψι, powerfully , from ϊς, Ίνος, η, a nerve, in which the strength of the body principally lies ; hence strength, power. 39 Σμινθενς, εως, 6, an epithet of Apollo, given by emigrants from Crete, who, by the advice of an oracle, had settled in Troas, where they were harassed by innumerable swarms of mice, called, in the Cretan dialect, σμίνθοι. Apollo, being invoked, listened to the prayers of the supplicants, and destroyed the injurious vermin ; grateful for which relief, the inhabitants raised a temple and a statue to Sminthean Apollo, and placed at the foot of the statue the figure of a mouse. ΈΙτΓοτε, if at any time. Χαρίεις, εσσα, εν, agreeable, grateful : χαρΊεντ' for χαρίεντα. Ace. sing. m. (or rather Ace. pi. m. taken adverbially for χαρίεντως, agreeably, gratefully:) Th. χα'ρις, ιτος, η, favour, benevolence ; hence χαρίζομαι, f. 1. σομαι, to gratify, to oblige, to confer a benefit. "Ναός, s, 6, a temjyle ; Att. νεώς. Ion. νηός' τταρά το ενναίειν tv αίΐΓφ τον θεόν, because it is called the house of God. 'Ερέψω, f. 1. ψω, to place a roof, to cover; Th. ή ερα, the earth; the first habitations being subterraneous : Ιττι νηον ερεφα, (Ion. for ηρε^Ρα,) for νηον ίττηρεψα• where εττερέφω, to cover over head, is used, by Synecdoche, for to build, the roof being placed for the entire build- ing of the temple. 40 "H, or, otherwise, whether, than, unless ; ήε poetically. Ei drj ΤΓΟτε, for είττοτε δη. II ίων, όνος, ύ »^ thfat: it is also applied to inanimate things, as in β. 549. ivi πίονι νηψ, in a wealthy or rich temple. Compar. πιό- τερος, Superl. πώτατος. Μηρίον, 8, το, the thigh ; from μηρυς, δ, ό, id. which is from μέρος, tog, TO, a part ; or from με'ιρω, to divide, because the division of the body commences at the thighs. Κατακαίω, f. 1. αύσω, to burn down, to consume by burning ; from ILIAD A'. 13 καίω, to kindle, to burn ; κατά πίονα μηρί' tKya, for πίονα μηρία KuTiKya' tKya, aor. 1. Att. Ύανρος, ov, 6, a bull ; άπΰ Ts τάίΐν, (i.e. Tt'ivuv,^ την «par, 41 because this animal when engaged in fight stretches out its tail. 'Hif, Conj. and. Ax'i, aiyoQ, »/, a she goat ; sometimes ηΐζ, yog, 6, a he goat, used in the Attic fonn, according to Eustathius : Th. άϊσσω, to bound forward , to rush, as if it were first άΐξ, and then, by Synaeresis, αϊξ. Κραίνω, to accomplish, to perfect, to effect, to fulfil: f. 1. κρανώ' aor. 1. tKpgva' hence κραιαίνω, f. 1. ανώ, aor. 1. ΐκρηηνα, whose imper. Koyyi'ov, and infin. Kpijyvai, i. 101. Κραίνω, as if κταραίνω• from κάρα, the head, by the inclination of which we intimate an inten- tion of granting a request. Έπικραάναι, says Hesychius, is TfJ κε- ^oKy Ιτηνίνσαι. - Έίλ^ωη, ορός, το, desire, vow, uish ; from ίλ^ομαι, to desire ; Th. ί'λω, to take. Ύίω, f. 1. σω, to suffer punishment, to expiate, to atone for, to avenge, 42 ίο honour * τίσεια, aor. 1. ^i^ol. opt. for τίσαιμι. Aavaoi, ών, οί, the Grecians ; so called from Danaus, king of Argos. Αάκρυ, υος, το, a tear ; Th. δάκνω, to bite, to sting ; because, when the mind is sorely affected Avith grief, tears are shed. ΣοΊσι, Ion. for σοΊς. from σός, ή, ov, your ; Th. σύ, you. Βέλος:, tOQ, TO, a missile weapon, an arrow ; whatever is thrown to a distance, according to Eustathius ; who, however, asserts, that the word properly denotes the head of an arrow, and hence, by Synecdoche, the whole arrow. Sometimes it signifies a wound, or the pain nrisirii^ from a wound ; and also, the pains of child birth, X. 269. Th. , βάλλω, to throw, to cast, to strike : βίλεσσιν, Dat. pi. poet, for βέλί σι. "Ως, Conj. and Adv. thus, as, so, that ; and Attically it is used for 43 ττρος, to ; and sometimes, eliiptically, for «ως irpbg, even to. In an exclamation it has the force of the Latin quum, how ! Ενχομαι, fut. εΰζομαι, to pray, to offer up vows, to boast, to eiuU ; from ευ εχειν, because he who prays entreats for prosperity : hence ίνχη, ης, η, a prayer, a vow, Φοίβος, η, ov, shining, splendid, clear, pure ; Th. ψάος, άεος, τό,^ light : hence ΦοΤβος, ό, Phcebus, is an epithet of Apollo, (i. e. the sun,) as he is ^άος j5iov. Βή ck κατ' by Tmes, and Metath. for κατέ€η, he descended ; 3 sing. 44 aor. 2. ind. act. oi καταβαίνω. Κάρηνον, ov, TO, the head, summit, top of a mountain ; vid. β. 167. Th. κάρα, TO, (indeclinable) or κάρα, ας, η, for which Ion. ffapj;, ης, i), the head. Χώομαι, fut. χώσομαι, to be ongry, to be disturbed in mind ;*ίτοιη χολόομαι, id. Th. χολή, ης, ή, bile, anger. Κήρ, ήρος, το, contracted form of κέαρ, έαρος, το, th0heart ; Th. κάω, or καίω, to burn ; for the heart is the source of vital heat. But κήρ, ρυς, ή, fate, death : Th. κεράω, to pour into cups, to give to drink ; for Fate gives to every one the cup which he must drink oflf. Χωό/α- νος κήρ, i.e. κατά κήρ. Τόξ', for TO'ia, by apostrophe : τόζον, ov, το, the bow, or quiver, 45 c 14 KEY TO HOMER. or αΐΎοΐνε wiih the bow: it denotes also, (chiefly in the plural number,) the art of archery. .Th. τάζω, to stretch, to extend. Ωμος, ov, 6, the shoulder : Odit. -pi. ωμοισιν, Ion. ίοτ ώμοις• Th. c'ioj, or όιω, to carry. Ώμος, ή, bv, raw, and Metaphorically, hard, severe, cruel. Άμφί)ρεφής, εος, ό icj η, covered all over, or completely ;' from άμφι, about, aroimd, and ίρίφω, to cover — ka Ion. for η. Φαρίτρα, ας, rj, Ion. -ταη, a quiver : Th. φέρω, to bear, and τρώω, or τιτρώσκω, to wound ; as if ή φέρουσα τα τρώοντα. 46 Κλάζω, f. 1. κλάγ^ωΓ aor. 2. εκλαγον, perf. mid. κίκλαγα, Ion. κεκΧηγα, to make a noise, to sound, to clang, to cry out ; Th. κλάω, to break ; as, when any thing is broken, a noise is made : εκλαγξαν, 3 plur. aor. 1. Όΐστός, δ, ό, an arrow, a iveapon ; hence οίστενω, f. 1. ενσω, to shoot arrows, δ. 100. Th. όίω, i. e. κομίζω, to hear ; for an arrow, shot from the bow, is borne swiftly through the air : 3 sing. perf. pass. ώ'ίσται. 47 Κιν'εω, ί. 1. ησω, to more, to change ; from κίω, to go ; κινηθ'εντος, Gen. sing, part. aor. 1. pass. Κίννμι, id. δ. 281. Είμι, to go ; perf. mid. ε'ϊα, whence ηα, and Ion. ij'ia. Νύξ, νυκτός, η, night; Th. νύσσω, to prick, to sting: because -darkness hurts the eyes : νυκτΐ καλΰπτειν, i. e. κτεινειν, to kill. Λ id. £. 659. ΕΙκω, to make like, is seldom used in any tenses but the perfect and pluperfect middle : perf. mid. εΊκα, and Att. εοικα ; part, εοικώς, like. 48 "Εζομαι, fut. 2. ίοΐίμαι, to sit ; εζω, to make one sit, to settle, to place; from εω, to place ; εζετο, 3 sing, imperf. mid. Νεών, Att. for ναών, Gen. pi. of νανς, a ship. Μετά, Prep, governing three cases. With a Gen. it signifies with, along with, implying friendly alliance and union ; with a Dat. among, between ; vnth an Ace. after, to, into, towards, among, ivith. Μετά may here be taken adverbially to signify then, afterwards, ταΰτα being understood. 'Ιός, δ, 0, an arroiv ; υ εκ τόζον ίεμενος : ΊΥι.'ίημι, to send. But 7ος, ία, ων, alone, same : vid. δ. 437. ζ. 422, &c. "Εηκε, for ι)κε, (by Pleonasm,) aor. 1. of 'ίημι, to send ; fut. ?yίόστος, ου, ό, a return. Et, Conj. if: ε'ιτε — ε'Ίτε, whether — or ; vid. 1. 65. Kf, a poetic Particle, having the same force as the potential av. For the sake of the metre, or when a vowel follows, it is written κεν, and before an aspirated vowel χ'. Sometimes κε or κεν has the signi- fication of C^rj. Θάνατος, ov, 6, death; Th. Πρήσκω, to die. V• OV τ Β κ ILIAD A'. ff^y^^^^r. V Γέ, a Particle, sometimes expletive ; it signifi^^S^, indeed^ at least. It is sometimes used to prevent a harsh meeti^g^C)!4wels, vid. 7Γ. 573— 10. 78.— Γ. 334.— υ. 286, &c. Φεύγω, f. 1. ζω, to fly, to shun, to avoid, to escape ; φνγοψεΐ', 1 plur. aor. 2. opt. act, Th. φε€ω, to ternfy, Ό/ιδ, (used adverbially and elliptically,) together, equally, at the 61 same time, in the same place ; from ομός, ή, ήν, common, same. ϋόλίμος, ov, 6, icar ; as ΐίττολναιμος, from τΓολύ and άΙμα, blood; or as if πολόλεμος, from πολύς and οΧΚνμι, to destroy. Some derive it from ΤΓβλεμίζειν, to move, to shake : others deduce it from το τάς πόλεις μει^ν, because it impairs cities j and others from ττολέω, be- cause it subverts all things. Δαμάω, f. 1. ήσω, to subdue, to conquer, to slay ; aor. 2. ίναμον. Αοιμος, s, 6, plague, pestilence, contagion : Xoiybg, e, ύ, destruction, death: λιμός, S, 6, hunger: all which are derived from λίίτΓω, to leave, because men abandon those vi'ho are affected by these calamities. "Αγε, (used adverbially in exhortation,) come, come on, well ; the 62 imperative of άγω, to lead. It is joined both to a singular and a plu- ral ; although the plural άγετε is sometimes used in the same sense. The Particle ^ή is frequently attached to it, as in this line. « Μάνης•, ιος, ό, a prophet, a soothsayer. Th. μαίνομαι, to rage; because he foretels the future, when agitated witli divine frenzy. Έρεω, to speak, to interrogate, to declare : from ερω or είρω, id. 'Έρείομεν by Epenthesis for ΐρίομεν, where the present has the force of the future. [Some consider ερε'ιομεν as the plur. subj. for ερειώμεν, the ω being changed into o, for the sake of the metre.] Ονίΐροττόλος, ov, b, one to whom the knowledge of futurity it con- 63 veyed in dreams, an interpreter of dreams ; from ονειρος, a dream, and ττολ'εομαι, to be engaged in. Όνειρος, β, b, signifies particularly α correct and clear dream, being deduced from το ov είρειν, to declare what is true. Όναρ, το, indeclin. same as ονειρος. Έττω, to speak, to say, to tell; aor. 1. εΤττα, poet, tf ιχα• aor. 2, 64 εΙίΓον, (whence ίϊττοι, 3 sing, opt.) poet, εειττον. But ί πω, f. 1 . ψω, ίο be employed in any thing, to manage, to conduct. "O, Ti, Pron. neut. of όστις, ήτις, ο, τι, who, inc. whosoever : ο, τι ; i. e. δια ο, τι ; on account of what ? why ? Τόσος, η, ov, (Όοτ. τόσσος,) so great, so much: corresponding to which is 'όσος, η, ov, as great as, how inuch. Ύόσσον is here taken adverbially. Ενχωλή, ης, η, a vow, a prayer ; from εοχομαι, to pray. 65 ΈτΓΐμεμφομαι, f. Ι.ψομαι, to complain of any thing, to be indignant 071 any account ; from ΐπΐ and μέμφομαι, to blame, to accuse, to com- plain. Th. μωμεομαι, to blame, and φάω, to make appear, to show. Εκατό μ€η, ης, η, a sacrifice of a hundred oxen, cl• hecatomb ; from ίκατον, a hundred, and ββς, βοος, b ίί) η, an ox. [Some understand it as a sacrifice of εκατόν (Βάσεων, i. e. ποίων, in which twenty- five quadrupeds were immolated, whose feet were, in number, one hundred.] A*, Dor. for ει ; vid. 1. 60. 66 c2 18 KEY TO HOMER. Πώ^, (Interrogative,) in what manner? how 7 &c. ττώς, (an Encli- , tic,) in a manner ; with the Particles ti or μή, perchance, perhaps; it ττως or al κεν ττως, if perchance ; μη ττως, lest perhaps. Th. ως, thus, so. "Αρς, άρνος, 6 icj >/, or άρήν, άρενοζ, by Sync, άρνΰς, a lamb. Th, άρα, ας, ή, a votv ; because lambs were sacrificed in offering vows ; or ('ήν, νυς, ο, a sheep. Κν'ισσα, ης, η, the smell of burnt fat, smoke from a sacrifice, the fat which is burnt in sacrifice. Th. κνίζω, to affect with a tickling sensa- tion ; because the odour arising from burnt fat gratifies the nostrils. Τέλειος, «('α, tiov, or τελεος, perfect, complete, excellent, full-groicn, Th. τεΧος, εος, τυ, the end. 67 Βπλομαι, (ui. βονλησομαι, to be willing, to icislt. Ί'\ι. βίίολα, perf. mid. oi βάλλω, to throw, to aim at a mark, Άντιάσας, Part. aor. 1. of άντιάω, vid. ante, 1. 31. Άμυνω, fut. νώ, to bear assistance, to defend ; άιταμύνω, to repulse, to drive away ; άμΰναι, diOX. 1. inf. as if avtv μονής, without delay, i. e. to bear immediate assistance. 68 Ήτοι, Adv. certainly indeed, truly, therefore; sometimes, either, whether. 69 Κάλχας, αντος, ο, Calchas. Th. καΧχαίνω, to meditate deeply, to prophesy. θί'^ορί^ης, ov, υ, the son of Thestor. Th. θετωρ, ορός, 6, Thestor, the son of Enops. Οίωνοπόλος, ου, 6, a pries' who foretold future events, chief y from thefiight, chirping. Or feeding of birds; an augur, diviner, or sooth- sayer. Th. οιωνός, 8, ό, a bird, and πολ'εω, to be engaged or versed in. Οίωνιστής ,,S , 6, an augur, β. 858. "Οχα, formed by Aphreresis from 'ίζοχα, i. e. εζόχως, (and joined adverbially to Superlatives,) eminently, remarkably ; from εζεχω, to be remarkable or conspicuous. "Αριστος, η, ov, Superl. of αγαθός, ή, ov, good. Th. "Αρης, tog, o, Mars ; hence άριστος, properly, one who co>iducts himself best in war. 70 Ήιδη, 3 sing, pluperf. mid. Att. for y^tε, which is Ion. for ijdti, fiom ε'ιδω, to know. Έών, Ion. for ών. Part. pres. of ειμί, to be, whose part. fut. εσσ.')- μενος, poet, for Ισόμενος• hence εσσόμενα, the things which are to be, the future. Έσσομενοισι, &c. β. 119. and χ. 305. to posterity. Jlpo, Prep. befoi-e, in reference to time and place : ττρό τ' ιόντα, the things which have been, the past. 71 Ήγεομαι, f. 1. ησομαι, to lead, to command, to conduct, to lead the way, to think ; ηγησάμην, aor. 1. — hence ήγεμων, όνος, ό, a leader, u chief. Th. άγω, to lead. Έ'ίσω, for eif,•, (ω being added poetically,) signifies not only to, into, but also within. 72 "Άν, Ace. sing. f. of ος, i), ov, his, her, its. Οί, Dat. of a, of him- sdf, &c. Δια, Prep, through, by reason of. Μαντοσύνη, ης, η, divination, prophesying, the art of aivinatiiin. Th. μάντις, loc, 6, a prophet. ILIAD A'. 19 Πόρω, f. 1. ρσω, to give, to afford, vr. 86 ; hence ττορί^ω, ίο afford access, to provide, to acquire ; also, to give : ττί'ρε for iiropi, 3 sing, aor. 2. Th. -πόρος, ov, 6, a passage, the channel of a river, ψ. 1. which comes from ττιίρω, to pass. Σφίι^, Dat. dual of «, used poetically for σφίσι, Dat. plur. by Apo- 73 cope, σφί, aad by Aphaeresis