LIBRARY OF TIIK UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. GIFT OF GEORGE MOREY RICHARDSON. Received, August, 1898. I Accession No. 3 Q2>.tf Class No. ( J5 1 A > | ^ ^ A ': 1 c TRANSLATIONS INTO ENGLISH AND LATIN. Cambridge : PRINTED BY C. J. CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. TRANSLATIONS INTO ENGLISH AND LATIN. BY C. S. CALVERLEY, LATE FELLOW OF CHRIST'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. NEW EDITION, WITH ADDITIONAL TRANSLATIONS. LONDON: GEORGE BELL AND SONS, YORK STREET, COVENT GAEDEN. 1885. UNIVERSITY PREFACE. OF the following Translations, those into Latin were done for pupils at College, and a few, both of them and of the English ones, have been in print before. As they were mixed up with verses of a lighter kind, and probably did not come under the notice of most of those who will read the pre- sent volume, they have been reprinted here. On one (Horace, Book I. Ode 11) a reviewer observed that the last line was "a reminiscence of the Princess," as of course it was. To anticipate any similar criticisms it may be worth while to say a few words. 6 vi PREFACE. I have nowhere adopted a phrase or word of any previous translator. I had translated the first Iliad before Lord Derby's or Mr Wright's Homer appeared, and the second before I had seen their versions. The same remark applies, mutatis mu- tandis, to Professor Conington's Horace. I did not know till I had finished the Eclogues that any translation of them existed, for Dryden's, I suppose, scarcely counts as a translation. Since then I have met with Mr Kennedy's Virgil, and availed myself of it to correct my rendering of line 79 of Eclogue in. On the other hand, I have taken without scru- ple any expression of an original writer which seemed to me to be the equivalent of the Latin or Greek with which I had to deal. And as I happen to have borrowed in all cases from well- known writers, and passages which must be familiar to every one who reads at all, I have not thought it necessary to call attention to the fact each time, PREFACE. vii by quotation commas or otherwise. Quotation com- mas for this purpose are, I think, open to more objections than one : and surely it would be super- fluous to specify in a note that e.g. such a phrase as "catch the blossom of to-day" was caught from Tennyson. c. s. c. CONTENTS. TRANSLATIONS INTO ENGLISH, PAGE HOMER, Iliad 1 1 II 35 VIRGIL, Eclogue 1 85 II 91 HI 95 IV 102 V 106 VI 112 VII 117 VIII .122 IX 129 n X 134 HORACE'S Odes, Bk. I. Ode 9. To Thaliarchus . . . 141 j, 11. To Leuconoe . . . 143 14. To a Ship . . . . 144 24. To Virgil .... 146 28. To Archytas . . . 148 38. To his Slave 151 x CONTENTS. PAGE HORACE'S Odes, Bk. III. 1. Odi profanum . . . 152 2. Angustam, amice . . 155 3. Justum et tenacem . . 157 ,, 4. Descende coelo . . . 161 5. Coelo tonantem . . . 166 6. Delicta majorum . . 169 13. To the Fount of Bandusia . 172 18. To a Faun r ... 173 IV. 13. To Lyce .... 174 HORACE, Epode 2. Beatus ille 176 From VIRGIL, Georgic, iii. 515 180 SOPHOCLES, Ajax, 646 182 LUCRETIUS, Bk. II 185* CATULLUS, Sirmio 192" TRANSLATIONS INTO LATIN. Lycidas (Milton] 186 Boadicea (Cowper) 204 Come live with me (Marlowe) 210 If all the world (Raleigh} . 212 While musing thus (Bradstreet) 214 Sweet day (Herbert) 218 In memoriam (Tennyson) 220 Tears, idle tears (Tennyson] 224 Ps. Iv. verses 4 8 . 226 Of holier joy (Trench) 228 CONTENTS. xi PAliK From the Analogy (Butler) 230 Fountain that sparkiest 232 Go up and watch (Keble) 234 Winter (Thomson) 238 Leaves have their time (Hemans) ..... 242 My Brother's Grave (Moultrie) 246 Let us turn (Trench) 250 CEnone (Tennyson) 254 The Soldier's Dream (Campbell) 256 From the Giaour (Byron) 260 Gleniffer (Tannahill) 264 He sung what spirit (Cowley) ...... 268 The Nereid maids (Landor) 270 Weep no more (Fletcher). . . . . . . 274 Glumdalitch's Lament (Pope) . . . . . . 276 Laura Matilda's Dirge (Rejected Addresses) . . . 280 Herrick. Amarillis (Herrick) 284 Ca' the Ewes (Burns) 288 The Gentle Shepherd (Ramsay) ..... 292 Poor Tree (Carlisle) 296 XLIV. Christmas 298 CXXX. Pentecost 299 CXXXIX 301 CXCVII 302 CCXX. 3041 CCXLII. Dedication of a Church 305 THE AUTHOR'S EMENDATIONS. P. 191. The following alternative rendering of lines 13, 14, and 15 was found amongst the author's papers : Quae mora vos tenuit, Nymphse, quum immitibus sequor Delicias Lycidam vestras submergeret undis ? Nam neque tune scopulis colludebatis in illis P. 211. In place of the first line, it was the author's intention in a subsequent edition to substitute the following : Transfer, amantis amans, laribus te, Lydia, nostris P. 221. In the third line of the first stanza the author proposed to read Bacchatus inspicavit hastas for Bacchatur, atque inspicat hastas ERRATA. Page 22, line 425, for bid read bade. 132, ^ifor now read how. ,, 135, 13, for goat read goat." ,, 163, 2, for thorpe read thorp. HOMER'S ILIAD. BOOK I. wrath of Peleus' son, that evil wrath Which on Achaia piled a myriad woes, Oh Goddess, sing: which down to darkness hurled Brave souls of mighty men, and made their flesh A prey to dogs and every ravening fowl. 5 Yet Zeus his will was working : since the day When first 'twixt Atreus' son, the King of men, And proud Achilles there arose up war. What god, then, bade those twain stand forth and strive? Zeus's and Leto's son. He, angered sore 10 Against the King, sent pestilence abroad B :2 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. Among the army, that the people died : For that of Atreus' son had been disdained His servant, Chryses. To redeem his child With ransom measureless had Chryses come 15 Ev'n to the Achaian war-ships in his hand The emblem of the god who smites from far, Apollo, high upon a staff of gold. To all the Greeks he prayed, but most of all To Atreus' sons, twin captains of the host. 20 " Atreus' sons, and bravely-harnessed Greeks ! The gods, whose dwelling is Olympus, grant That ye may sack Priam's city, and regain Your homes rejoicing! Yea and unto me May give my child, my own, and take her price, 25 Since great is Zeus's son, the god who smites from far." Forthwith from all the host came loud ac- claim : "Take the rich ransom, reverence the priest." The soul of Agamemnon, Atreus' son, Alone it liked not : scornfully he bade him 30 BooKl.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 3 Begone, and laid on him a hard command. "Let me not find thee by the hollow ships Or lingering now, old man, or yet again Returning! Little shall avail thee then Apollo's staff and emblem. For the girl, 35 I yield her not, till old age come on her Ev'n in my home, in Argos, far away From her .own country; while she plies the loom And tends my bed. But go, provoke me not : So peradventure shall we part in peace." 40 So spake he ; and the old man feared, and did His bidding. Mute he moved along the shore, Among the noises of the boisterous sea : And there, apart from men, prayed many a prayer To gold-haired Leto's son, his King, Apollo. 45 "Oh hear me, thou who standest round about Chryse and sacred Cilia mighty lord Of Tenedos, who wield'st the silver bow ! Sminthian ! If ever I have builded up From floor to roof a temple in thy praise, 50 Or ever burned to thee fat flesh of goats B2 4 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. And oxen : then accomplish this my prayer : And let thy shafts avenge my tears . upon the Greeks." So prayed he, and Apollo heard his prayer. Yea from Olympus' heights he gat him down, 55 Wrath in his soul : upon his shoulder hung The bow, and quiver covered all around. Rang on the shoulder of the angry god The arrows, as he stirred him : on he came Like night : and by the ships he sate him down. 60 Twanged with a terrible twang the silver bow As he sent forth one shaft. And first of all He visited the mules and swift-paced dogs : Next at their own flesh levelling his keen dart Smote, and for aye burned on the thick-strown pyres of slain. 65 Nine days his arrows went abroad among The host : and on the tenth Achilles called The folk to council. Moved thereto was he By Here, white-armed goddess; for she saw Achaians dying, and it pitied her. 70 BOOK I.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 5 To whom when met, and ranged in meet conclave, Achilles swift of foot arose and spake. "Oh sons of Atreus! Now, I trow, will we Turn us again, and drift if flee we may From death ev'n thither whence we came: since war 75 And pestilence at once lay low the Greeks. But hearken. Seek we now some seer, or priest ; Or dream-interpreter ; dreams come from Zeus ; To tell us what hath stirred Apollo thus. If of a prayer, a sacrifice withheld, 80 He doth rebuke us : should it be his will, Incense of lambs and goodliest of the goats Accepting, to remove from us this plague." He spake and sate him down. Then rose to them High chief of augurs, Calchas, Thestor's son, 85 Who knew what is and was and is to be, Who into Ilion piloted the Greeks, By virtue of his art, Apollo's gift. He friendly-minded rose and spake in the midst. " Lo ! thou command'st me, oh beloved of Zeus, C HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. Achilles, to declare Apollo's wrath, 91 The far-off-smiting King.- Now therefore I Will speak : heed thou, and swear that of a truth Freely thou'lt aid me both with tongue and arm. Yea, for I think to anger one who rules 95 With might the Argives; and upon him wait The Achaians. Now a vantage hath a King, Let but a meaner man have angered him: For though to-day his fury simmer down, Yet thenceforth wrath abideth till it work 100 Its purpose in the bosom of the King. Wherefore bethink thee, wilt thou succour me T And then Achilles swift of foot replied. " The thing that thou dost know take heart and speak. For by Apollo, loved of Zeus, whom thou, 105 Oh Calchas, worshipping interpretest Unto the Danaans the things of God : The hand of no man out of all this host Shall, while 1 live and see the light of day, By yon broad ships be heavy upon thee : no Xot if thou namest Agamemnon, him Who vaunts himself this day the chiefest Greek." BOOK!.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 7 Then the good prophet took him heart and spake. " Not of a prayer or of a sacrifice Doth he rebuke: but for his servant's sake, 115 Whom Agamemnon did disdain, nor gave His child, nor took her price : for this, I ween, The Smiter deals us, and shall deal us, woe. And heavy still shall be his wasting hand, Till to her father dear the bright-eyed maid 120 Be giv'n, unbought, unransomed ; and we bear To Chryse holy sacrifice. This done, It may be he will hear us and repent." He spake, and sate him down, Then rose to them Broad-realmed Agamemnon, Atreus' son, 125 A mighty man, sore angered. Fury filled His heart's dark places : gleamed his eyes like fires. First Calchas, boding mischief, he bespake. " Prophet of ill ! Thou spak'st me never yet A fair word. For thy soul loves evil still, 130 Nor aught good spak'st thou e'er, or brought'st to pass. 8 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. What propliesiest thou now before the host ? Sooth, that for this the Smiter works them woe; Because I would not for rich ransom loose The girl Chryseis. No! at home would I 135 Possess her : I prefer her to my wife, My first-wed wife : she is Clytemnestra's match In stature, shape, and mind, and handicraft. Yet will I yield her up, if this be best. I'd liefer see my people live than die. 140 Ye deck me straight a gift, lest I alone Of Greeks ungifted be. That were not meet. For see all men, my gift goes otherwhere." And then the swift Achilles answered him. "Most honoured, most gain-greedy of mankind ! 145 How may the generous Greeks find gifts for thee ? "We wot not yet of public treasury : The spoils of cities sacked we've parted all, And should do ill re-levying these anew. Now yield her to the god and threefold we 150 And fourfold will repay thee, let but Zeus Grant us to level yon fair walls of Troy." BooKl.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 9 And royal Agamemnon made reply. "Brave though thou art, great chief, yet play not thus The knave: thou shalt not dupe me nor cajole. 155 Would'st thou so thou have honour that I sit With empty hands? and bidd'st me yield her up? Now if the generous Greeks will grant a gift One my soul loves, a meet equivalent Well : but if not, I'll take with mine own arm Thine, or thine, Aias, or, Odysseus, thine, 161 And bear it off: and wrath mayhap he'll be Whom I shall visit. But of this anon. Launch we a dark ship on the great sea now, Give her her tale of oars, and place on board A hundred oxen, and embark therein 166 Fair-cheeked Briseis. And be one, a king, Her captain; Aias, or Idomeneus, Or great Odysseus, or, Achilles, thou Most terrible of men; that thou mayest win 170 Back with thy rites the god who smites from far." Answered the swiftfoot chief with lowering brow : " Oh clothed with shamelessness ! oh selfish-souled ! 10 HOMER'S ILIAD. [Boon I. What Greek will do ungrudging thy behests, Speed on thy missions, bear the brunt of war? I came not for the warrior Trojans' sake 176 Hither to fight. They owe no debt to me ; Ne'er in rich Phthia, nurse of mighty men, Spoiled they my orchards : for betwixt us lay Long tracts of shadowy fell and sounding sea. Shameless! 'Twas thou, thy pleasure, brought us here; 181 For Menelalis, and thee, dog, to wreak Vengeance on Troy which things thou heedest not Nor reck'st of. Lo ! thou boast'st that thou wilt seize With thine own arm my meed, my hardwon meed, Assigned me by the children of the Greeks! 186 My gifts are not as thy gifts, when the Greeks Lay low some goodly-peopled town of Troy : My hands the burden of the weary war Must bear ; but thy share, when we part the spoil Is greatest; I some small sweet morsel take 191 Back to my ships, when I am faint with strife. But now I go to Phthia. Best to wend Home with my beaked ships. And scarce wilt thou BOOK I] HOMER'S ILIAD. 11 Say I, disdained I fill high thy cup 195 With treasure and with wealth, abiding .here." Then answered Agamemnon, King of men. " Go, if thy soul so prompts thee. I shall, not Say 'Stay' for my sake. I have others near To prize me : first of all the all-wise Zeus. 200 Of Kings, the sons of heaven, I hate thee most. Dear to thee aye are feuds and wars and strifes. Strong art thou? Then 'twas heaven that gave thy strength. Go with thy ships and with thy followers home, Rule Myrmidons. I care not aught for thee 205 Nor for thy wrath. And I will tell thee this. Chryseis Phoebus takes from me : and her I'll send, with my ships and my followers, back. But to thy tent I'll go, ev'n I, and take Thy prize, the fair Briseis : that thou learn 210 How I am thy better : and that others shrink To deem themselves my mates and cope with me." He spake. And moved was Peleus' son: his heart 12 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. 'Neath his rough breast was this way rent and that. Should he, his keen sword drawing from his thigh, Scatter the multitude and slay the King? 216 Or curb his spirit, and forego his wrath ? This was he turning in his brain and breast, His great sword half unscabbarded ; when lo! From heaven Athene came : a messenger 220 From white-armed Here, to whose soul both chiefs Were dear and precious. In the rear she stood, And grasped Achilles by his yellow hair : Seen by him only all the rest were blind. He marvelling, turned round : and straightway knew Pallas Athene ; dreadful gleamed her eyes. 226 And thus he spake to her with winged words. " Why com'st thou, child of ^Egis-armed Zeus ? To witness Agamemnon's insolence? This say I, and methinks 'twill come to pass. 230 One day he'll perish in his pride of heart." To whom the blue-eyed goddess spake again. "To stay thine anger, if so be thou'lt hear BOOK!.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 13 My voice, I came from heaven : a messenger From white-armed Here, to whose soul both chiefs Are dear and precious. But leave off from strife, And draw not forth the sword : but with thy tongue 237 Only revile him, as it needs must be. For this I say, and this shall come to pass. Trebled shall one day be thy rich reward 240 All through this insult. Hear then, and be calm." Again Achilles swift of foot replied. "I must abide, oh goddess, by thy word, Though angered sore in soul : for this is right. To him that heeds them will the gods give ear." He said, and hearkening to Athene, stayed 246 Ev'n on the silver hilt, his ponderous hand. Heavenward meanwhile she had flown, to join her peers Up in the home of ^Egis-armed Zeus. Then straight Achilles spake with harmful words To Atreus' son, nor put his anger by. 251 U HOMEE'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. " Oh gorged with wine ! dog-faced, but hind at heart ! To arm thee with the people for the fray Or with our captains crouch in ambuscade Ne'er hadst thou courage. That were death to thee! 255 Better no doubt to range the broad host through, And confiscate his prize who saith thee nay. Thou glutton King ! Thou rulest men of straw ! Else, son of Atreus, thou hadst bragged thy last. But this I say and swear it with an oath. 260 Yea by this staff where never leaf nor branch May grow, since first 'twas sundered from the trunk Upon the mountains, ne'er to blossom more (For that the axe hath stripped off bud and bark) Now in their hands the children of the Greeks 265 Bear it, who sit in judgment ; whom Zeus calls To guard the right ; and men shall swear thereby The children of the Greeks shall one day long All, for Achilles. Thou shalt grieve, but find No succour; while 'neath slaughtering Hector's hand 270 BOOK I.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 15 Fall, and die, troops : but sit and gnash thy teeth, Mad that thou sett'st at naught the noblest- Greek." Achilles spake : and flung to earth his staff Studded with golden nails; and sate him down. The King sat o'er against him gathering wrath. Then up sprang Nestor of the gracious tongue, 276 Clear orator of Pylos, from whose lips Dropped music sweeter than the honeycomb. Two generations now of speaking men Had he seen born and bred and passed away 280 In sacred Pylos : and he ruled a third. Who friendly-minded rose and spake in the midst. " Lo ! a great sorrow comes upon our land. Sure now would Priam and Priam's sons rejoice, And every Trojan laugh within his heart, 285 Could he but learn how ye twain are at strife, The first of Greeks in council and in war. But hear me. I can count more years than you. Time was, when with a nobler race than ours I mated : and they thought not scorn of me. 290 16 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. For ne'er yet saw I, nor shall see, their likes, Caeneus, Pirithous, Exadius, Dryas, who led the people as a flock, And Polyphemus, equal of the gods, And Theseus, ^Egeus' son, a very god. 295 These were the mightiest of the sons of earth. Mightiest themselves, they fought with mightiest foes, The Beasts of the Hill, and slew them horribly. And I, to mate with these, from Pylos came, From a far country; for they bade me come. 300 I fought for my own hand. No mortal man, As men are now, would list to fight with such. And they my counsels heard, my voice obeyed. Ye too obey me. To obey is good. Nor thou, thou mighty, take the maid away, 305 But quit her, since the Greeks first made her his. Nor thou, Achilles, stand against the King And strive: for never honour like to his Had sceptred King, whose glory is of Zeus. So, son of Atreus, stay thy rage. And him, 310 Our mighty rampart against evil war, I do beseech to put his anger by." BOOK!.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 17 Then royal Agamemnon answered him. " Nought hast thou said, oh sire, but what is meet. But yonder man would overtop us all, 315 Be all men's lord and master, deal to all Dictates, which one, at least, will scarce obey. The gods who live for ever made him brave: But did they thereby licence him to rail?" Then words of warning great Achilles spake. 320 . " Call me a coward and a thing of naught, If I yield all at every word of thine. Talk thus to others dictate not to me: For I shall hearken to thy words no more. But this I tell thee cast it in thy mind! 325 I will not draw the sword for yon girl's sake On thee or on another; since ye take The thing ye gave. But of all else that's mine, Treasured in my dark war-ship, not a thing Without my licence shalt thou take or touch. 330 Doubts't thou? Then try, that all this host may see. Thy blood that instant spouts around my spear." IS HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. So stood they face to face in wordy war. And ended was the council at the ships. Achilles to his tents and stately fleet 335 Went with Patroclus, and his followers all. The other launched a war-ship on the main, Manned her with twenty oars, and stowed therein A holy hecatomb, and seated there Fair-cheeked Chryseis: and for captain, stept 340 On board Odysseus, he of many wiles. So they set forth and sailed the watery ways. Then the King bade the people cleanse them- selves. They cleansed themselves, and cast into the sea All their uncleanness: to Apollo next 345 They slew full hecatombs of bulls and goats All by the barren waters: up to heaven Went the sweet savour with the curling smoke. In such wise toiled the host. Nor aught mean- while Paused Agamemnon in his threatened wrath. 350 BOOK!] HOMER'S ILIAD. 19 But to Talthybius and Eurybates, His heralds twain and busy servants, spake. " Go to Achilles' tent. Take thence and bring The fair Briseis. If he say you nay, I'll go, ev'n I, with yet a larger force, 355 And take her. And 'twill be the worse for him." So forth he sent them, charged with hard commands. On, by the waters of the barren main Unwillingly they fared: and reached at last The vessels of the tented Myrmidons. 360 By his dark ship they found him in his tent; Little Achilles joyed at seeing them; Awe-struck and trembling they before the chief Stood; nor accosted him, nor uttered sound: But he knew well their purpose, and began. 365 " Hail, heralds, messengers of Zeus and men ! Draw near. I blame not you; I blame the King, Who sent you here for fair Briseis' sake. But come, oh prince Patroclus, lead her forth, C2 20 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. And give her to their hand. And be these twain My witnesses before the blessed gods 371 And mortal men and that untoward King: When one day there ariseth need of me Their shield from foul destruction! For the King Raves, a doomed madman; nor can look at once Before him and behind, and see whose arm 376 Let the Greeks battle by the ships and live." He said. Patroclus his loved lord obeyed, And led the fair Briseis from the tent, And gave her to their hand. And straightway they Made for the Achaian ships; and with them fared 381 The damsel all unwilling. But the chief Wept; and from all his fellows gat apart, And by the gray seas sate him down, and gazed Far o'er the purpling waters: and to her 385 Who bore him lifted up his hands and prayed. " Mother! Thou brought'st me forth not long to live: Therefore should Zeus, the Thunderer, of high heaven, BooKl.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 21 Put glory in my hand. But not a whit Honours he me: yea scorned am I of one, 390 Broad-realm ed Agamemnon, Atreus' son; With his own arm he seized, and hath, my gift." Weeping he spake. His queenly mother heard, 'Neath ocean sitting by her ancient sire: And rose from the gray waters as a mist, 395 And sate her down beside her weeping son, Fondled his hand, and spake, and called him by his name. " Why weep'st thou, Son ? What grief is on thy soul? Speak, and nought hide: that / too know this thing." And with a heavy groan the swift chief spake. "Shall I tell all to thee who know'st it all? 401 We came to sacred Thebes, Eetion's Thebes, And spoiled her, and brought hither all the spoil. And fairly did the children of the Greeks, Part it amongst them, and for Atreus' son 405 22 HOMEK'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. Chose out fair-cheeked Briseis. Thereupon Came Chryses, priest of him who smites from far, Ev'n to the war-ships of the steel-clad Greeks, With ransom measureless to buy his child: And in his hands Apollo's emblem sat, 410 The Smiter's, high upon a staff of gold. To all the Greeks he prayed, but chief of all To Atreus' sons, twin captains of the host. Forthwith from all the Greeks came loud acclaim: 'Take the rich ransom, reverence the priest.' 415 The soul of Agamemnon, Atreus' son, Alone it liked not: scornfully he bade him Begone, and laid on him a hard command. " Back went in wrath that old man : and his prayer Apollo heard, because he loved him well: 420 And hurled his fell shaft on us; heaps on heaps The people died. Amongst Achaia's hosts His arrows went abroad. Then spake the seer, Who knew it well, the Far-destroyer's will. "My voice first bid them reconcile the god. But rage seized Atreus' son. He rose up straight, 426 And threatened that which, lo! is brought to pass. . BOOK!] HOMER'S ILIAD. 23 For her the keen-eyed Greeks are carrying now To Chryse in yon war-ship: but that other, Briseis whom the children of the Greeks 430 Gave to my hand the heralds from my tent Have but this instant taken, and are gone. Now stand by thy brave son, if stand thou mayest. Hie thee to heaven; pray Zeus if ever word Or deed of thine made glad the soul of Zeus: For in my fathers halls I have heard thee tell 436 Of times when of immortals thou alone Didst shield from foul destruction him who dwells In darkness and in clouds, Cronion named; When Here, Pallas, and Poseidon all 440 The blessed gods would bind him. Thou didst come, Goddess, and loose his bonds, and summon quick Into the broad heaven him of hundred hands- Gods call him Briareus, Mgeon men Him who excels in bodily force his sire. 445 By Zeus he sate down, glorying in his might. Cowed were the blessed gods, and bound him not. "Remember this: sit near him: clasp his knees: Pray that he find some way to succour Troy: 24 HOMER'S ILIAD. [.BOOK I. And them the Greeks push ev'n to their ships' sterns, 450 To die amid the waters, that all know How much they owe their King ; and Atreus' son, Broad-realmed Agamemnon, learn how mad Was he, to set at naught the noblest Greek." And Thetis answered, letting fall a tear. 455 "Why did I rear thee, born alas my son! In sorrow ? Would that tearless and unpained Thou wert sitting by thy ships: for lo! thy life Is but a little while, a little while. Now passing sad thy days, as passing brief: 460 Surely in evil hour I brought thee forth. But with this tale I go to those snowpeaks, To Zeus, whose plaything is the thunderbolt, Will he but hear me. Thou by thy swift ships Sit, curse the Greeks, and stay thy hand from war. For Zeus to the good JMiiops yesterday, 466 To ocean, went, with all the gods, to feast. The twelfth day he'll return Olympusward. Then to his brassfloored palace will I go, And clasp his knees; and surely he'll repent." 470 BOOK I] HOMER'S ILIAD. 25 She said: and vanishing left him, vexed at heart All for that graceful maiden, whom by force And violence they had ta'en. Odysseus reached Chryse meanwhile, with holy sacrifice. Now, the deep harbour gained, they furled and stowed 475 In the dark ship their sails; placed mast in crutch, Lowered on stays all swiftly; and the rowers Into her moorings rowed her. Anchor-stones They cast out next, and made the hawsers fast, And leapt out on the sea-strand; and bore forth 480 The holy sacrifice: and last stepped out From the sea-travelling ship that damsel fair. Whom to the altar led the wily chief, Placed in her father's hand her hand, and spake. "Priest! Atreus' son hath sent me, King of men, 485 To bring thy child, and holy sacrifice Make for the Greeks ; and reconcile the King, Who now brings many sorrows on the host." 26 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. He spake, and gave her to his hand: who took His child rejoicing. Swiftly then they ranged 490 Round the fair altar that brave sacrifice : Held up, with washen hands, the barley grains: And then with lifted arm the priest made solemn prayer. "Oh! hear me, thou who standest round about Chryse and sacred Cilia: mighty lord 495 Of Tenedos, who wield'st the silver bow I Surely thou heard'st me heretofore; and sore, To honour me, didst plague Achaia's hosts. And now accomplish this, ev'n this my prayer. From foul destruction shield this day the Greeks." 500 So spake he : and Apollo heard his prayer. They having knelt, and strewed the barley grains, Drew back the victim's head, and slew, and flayed, And cut the thighs off, and around them wrapped The fat in layers, and sprinkled flesh thereon. 505 These the sire burned on wood; poured sparkling wine, The warriors standing by with fivepronged forks: BOOK!.] HOMER'S ILIAD. '27 They burned the thighs, and tasted of the heart, And mashed and fixed on spits the residue, And made roast cunningly, and drew all off. 510 At last the feast was decked. They ceased from toil, And supped, nor aught lacked at that equal board. And when the lust of meat and drink was gone, The warriors filled the goblets to the brim, And, first oblation made, they served to all. 515 With songs the livelong day they soothed the god, Those Grecian warriors. Sweet the hymns they sang. The Far-destroyer listened and was glad. But when the sun set and the dusk came on, They slept beside the cables of the ship. 520 And when Morn's daughter, rosy-fingered Dawn, Hose, for the broad Achaian host they steered : The Far-destroyer sent a steady gale. They raised the mast, and spread white sails thereon. Bellied the sails; and purpling round the keel 525 Sounded the dark waves as the ship went on: She scudded o'er the seas and made her way. 28 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. They, when they had reached the broad Achaian host, Drew the dark ship to land; high on the sands They left her, and set great stones underneath, 530 And went home each man to his tent and ship. Meanwhile the swift-foot chief, great Peleus' son, By his sea-travelling ships sat nursing wrath: To the high council went not day by day, Went not to war: but wasted his sweet soul, 535 Abiding there, and dreamed of turmoil and of strife. The twelfth day dawned : and to Olympus trooped, Zeus in the van, the ever-living gods. Thetis forgat not then her son's behests ; But mounted on the sea-wave, and in mist 540 Rose to the great heaven and the holy mount. Seated apart she found the All-seeing One, On many-peaked Olympus' topmost crag: Sat at his feet, with one hand clasped his knees, With the other held his beard; and prayed and spake 545 Thus to the son of Cronos, royal Zeus. BOOK!.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 29 " Zeus ! Sire ! If ever word or deed of mine Among the immortals welcome was to thee, Accomplish this my prayer. Exalt my son, Whose days are briefer than are other mens'. 550 Of Agamemnon now is he disdained ; He took, he hath, his gift. But thou, who dwell'st In the high heaven, exalt him, all-wise Zeus ! Put victory on the Trojans, till the Greeks Exalt my son, and spread abroad his praise." 555 She spake. Cloud-circled Zeus said ne'er a word. Long he sat voiceless. Thetis to his knees Clung as the flesh clings, and she spake again. " Now bow thy head, and pledge thy changeless word, Or else refuse for fears come not nigh thee. 560 Say that of all the gods thou hold'st me least." Spake, big with anger, then cloud-circled Zeus. " Lo ! there is woe to be, if I must strive With Here, whensoe'er she taunts and rails. Ev'n now she wars with me from day to day r6j 30 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. Before the Gods, and saith I fight for Troy. Now go thou hence again, lest Here know This thing; and leave the issue in my hand. Yea, that thou mayest have faith, I bow my head. For this is my great token with the gods. 570 Irrevocable, true, each word of mine, Sure of its purpose, when I bow my head." Cronion spake : his dark brows bent, and bowed. From his immortal head fell rippling down The glory of his hair. The great rock reeled. 575 Such counsel took those twain, and parted. She Plunged from the bright heaven into ocean's depths, And Zeus went homeward. Rose up all the gods And stood before the Sire. None dared abide His coming ; all stood up and fronted him. 580 High on his throne he sate him. Here marked: And well she knew what counsel he had ta'en With that old sea-god's silvery-footed child. Forthwith in bitterness she spake to Zeus. BOOK I.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 31 "And which of all the gods, oh wily one, 585 Was partner in thy Counsels? Aye thou lov'st To sit, and scheme, and settle, far from me. And never yet didst thou of thy free-will Deign to tell me one word of thy designs." Then spake to her the sire of gods and men. 590 "Look not, oh Here, all my mind to know. Hard were such knowledge, though thou art my wife. That which 'tis fit for thee to hear, nor god Nor man shall learn before thee. But such plans As I may plan, and hide from every god 595 Ask not of these things straitly nor inquire." Then answered Here, the gazelle-eyed Queen. "Dread son of Cronos, have I heard thee right ? Long time too little asked I or enquired ; Thou plotting that which pleased thee, undis- turbed. 600 But now sore fears my soul, lest thou be duped By that old sea-god's silvery-footed child. Mist-clad she sat by thee and clasped thy knees: OF TTNIVEBSITY 32 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. And thou, as I suspect, didst bow thy head, In token that thou would' st .exalt her son, 605 And by the Achaian ships make many fall." Then spake in answer cloud- encircled Zeus Wayward ! thou wilt aye ' suspect.' I know thee well. But all thou wilt not compass farther still Wilt set me from thee. All the worse for thee. 610 Sit down, be silent, and obey my words: Lest all the gods heaven holds avail thee naught, Let me but lift my matchless arm on thee." He spake ; and trembled the gazelle-eyed Queen ; Silent sat down, and bent her to his will. 615 Then with big wrath were swelled the heavenly ones In Zeus's palace : till Hephsestus rose, The great Artificer, and welcome words To white-armed Here spake, his mother dear. "Woe shall there be, intolerable woe, 620 If ye twain battle thus for mortals' sake, And stir up war in heaven. All joyless then Shall seem the fair feast, since the worst prevails. But I my mother warn (though wise is she) BOOK!.] HOMER'S ILIAD, 33 To pleasure Zeus our sire : lest he should strive 625 A second time with her, and mar our feast. What if the lord of lightning from her seat Should choose to hurl her? for none else is strong. But thou with softest words approach him now. Straightway the heavenly one will smile on us." 630 He said, and leapt up, and a ponderous cup Placed in his mother's hand, and spake to her. " Be patient, mother, and though vexed, endure : Lest mine eyes see her smitten whom I love. Then shall I sorrow, yet may aid thee naught : 635 Hard 'tis to fight against the heavenly one. Yea, for aforetime did he hurl me down, Burning to aid thee, from the gates of heaven, 'Grasped by one foot. All day I fell and fell, And lighted at the setting of the sun 640 In Lemnos. Little life was in me then. There lighting I became the Sintians' care." He spake. The white-armed goddess smiled and took The cup her son gave in her hand : while he D 34 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK I. Filled for the others all, from left to right, 645 And poured the luscious nectar from the bowl. Quenchless the laughter of the blessed gods, To see him puff and pant about the hall. So they the live-long day, till set of sun, Feasted, nor lacked aught at that equal board : 650 Lacked not Apollo's lovely lyre, lacked not The Muses, whose sweet voice took up the song. But when the bright sun's glory had gone down, Ready for rest they parted each to his home : To where the Crippled Deity for each 655 Had wrought a palace with a cunning hand. The Lord of lightning went and laid him down Where he had slept full oft at sweet Sleep's call : Thither ascended he, and there he slept ; And golden-throned Here by his side. 660 BooKlL] HOMER'S ILIAD. 35 BOOK II. QO all else gods, and charioted chiefs ^ Slept the night through. But sweet sleep bound not Zeus ; Pondering what way Achilles to exalt, And by the Achaian ships make many fall. This to his soul the fairest counsel seemed; 5 To send to Atreus' son an evil Dream : And to the Dream he spake with winged words. "Go, evil Dream, to yon Greek war-ships; seek The tent of Agamemnon Atreus' son; And tell him, truly, all I tell to thee. 10 Say, 'Arm right speedily thy unshorn Greeks; This hour is Ilion and her broad streets thine. For lo! no longer are the immortals they Whose home is heaven divided. Here's prayer Hath bent them all; and woes are nigh to Troy.'" 15 D2 36 HOMER'S ILIAD. [Boon II. He spake. The Dream, obedient, went his way; Came swiftly to the war-ships of the Greeks, And sought out Atreus' son: (at rest he lay, Divine sleep floating o'er him, in his tent:) And stood above his head ; in form most like 20 To Nestor, Neleus' son: of all who sat In council Agamemnon ranked him first. In such shape spake to him the heaven-sent Drearn. "Sleep'st thou, O son of Atreus? son of one At heart a warrior, tamer of the steed ? 25 Not all night long a counsellor should sleep, A people's guard, whose cares are manifold. Now hear me. Zeus's messenger am I; Who, though far off, yet cares, yet grieves for thee. He bids thee arm in haste the unshorn Greeks ; 30 Saying, 'Now is Ilion and her broad streets thine. For lo! no longer are the immortals they Whose home is heaven divided. Here's prayer Hath bent them all; and woes are nigh to Troy/ Woes which Zeus sends. This ponder in thy mind: 35 BooKlL] HOMER'S ILIAD. 37 Nor be the captive of forge tfulness, So soon as thou shalt wake from honeyed sleep." He spake: and parting left him there, to muse In secret on the thing that might not be. For in that day he thought to scale Priam's walls, 40 And knew not, simple one, the wiles of Zeus; How he would bring more woes, more groanings yet, On Trojan and on Greek in hard-fought fields. He woke: and sate erect the heavenly voice Still floating o'er him: donned his tunic soft 45 And fair and new : flung o'er him his great robe, Harnessed fair sandals to his shining feet, And o'er his shoulder swung his silver-studded sword. And took his fathers' sceptre in his hand, Imperishable aye: and sought therewith 50 The vessels of the brazen-coated Greeks. At broad Olympus' gate stood sacred Dawn, To Zeus and all the gods proclaiming light. 38 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Then the king bade his shrill-tongued heralds go And summon council-ward the unshorn Greeks ; 55 Who came all swiftly at their heralding. But first a council of high elders sat At Nestor's ship, the Pylos-nurtured king. Thither he called them : there framed shrewd advice. " Hear, friends ! In holy night a heaven-sent Dream 60 Came near me while I slept : in face, and form, And bulk, it seemed great Nestor's counterpart. Above my head it stood, and spake to me. 'Sleep'st thou, son of Atreus? son of one At heart a warrior, tamer of the steed? 65 Not all night long a counsellor should sleep, A people's guard, whose cares are manifold. Now hear me. Zeus's messenger am I; Who, though far off, yet cares, yet grieves for thee. He bids thee arm in haste thy unshorn Greeks ; 70 Saying, Now is Ilion and her broad streets thine. BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 39 For lo! no longer are the immortals they Whose home is heaven divided. Here's prayer Hath bent them all; and woes are nigh to Troy, Woes which Zeus sends. This ponder in thy mind.' 75 So spake the Dream ; and spread his wings, and fled. And sweet sleep gat from me. But up and look How we may arm for war Achaia's sons. And first I will prove them, as is meet, with words, And bid them deck for flight their oared ships. 80 Ye, wending separate ways, forbid their flight." He spake, and sate him down. Then Nestor rose, That Nestor who in sandy Pylos reigned. Who friendly-minded rose and spake in the midst. "Friends! lords and captains of the Argive hosts ! 85 Now had another Greek this vision told, We had said, 'Thou liest;' and put us far from him. 40 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. But lo! lie saw it, of Achaians all Who vaunts him noblest. Nay then, up and look How we may arm for war Achaia's sons." 90 He spake; and slowly from the council moved. They rose, and followed in their leaders' wake, Those sceptred kings; the host flocked after them. As when from some rock's hollow, swarm on swarm, Rise multitudes of thickly-thronging bees: 95 And hang in clusters o'er the flowers of spring, And fly in myriads, this way some, some that; They in such multitudes from tent and ship, Skirting the bottomless sea-sand, marched in troops To council. With them sped a voice of fire 100 Bidding them on : Zeus sent it : and they met. TJnquietly they met: earth groaned beneath The trampling of the hosts as they sate down: And there was tumult. Then did heralds nine Shout out, entreating them to stay their strife, 105 And listen to the kings, the sons of heaven. In haste they sate down, halting each in his place, And stilled their noise. Then Agamemnon rose, BooKlL] HOMER'S ILIAD. 41 Bearing that sceptre which Hephaestus wrought, And gave unto Cronion, royal Zeus. no Zeus to the courier-god, the Argus-slayer: Hermes to Pelops, lasher of the steed: Pelops to Atreus, shepherd of the host: And Atreus to Thyestes rich in lambs Dying bequeathed it. And Thyestes last 115 Gave it to Agamemnon's arm to wield, And be the lord of Argos and the isles. Leaning whereon he spake before the host. " friends, sons of Ares, mighty men of Greece ! Me hath Zeus bound to heaviness and woe. 120 Once (reckless one!) he swore, and bowed his head, That I should raze Troy's walls and get me home. But mischief doth he plot against me now: Sends me to Argos, shamed; for I have slain Much people. Thus then fare the favourites 125 Of Zeus the all-mighty: who hath bent the crests Of many cities; yea, and who shall bend The crests of many more; for strong is he. Our sons shall one day hear it, and cry 'Shame! 42 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Did Greece's chosen in such numbers come, 130 To battle, and to fight a bootless fight' (For still we see no end) 'against a few?' Few, say I. For suppose we struck a truce, Trojans and Greeks, and numbered each our hosts: They singling all who sit beside their hearths, 135 We parting into companies of ten; And to each ten one Trojan served the wine : Unserved would sit full many a company. So do the Greeks exceed in multitude The Trojans in yon city. Yet have they 140 Allies from many cities; sworded chiefs, Who thwart me mightily, and say me nay, When I would level those fair walls of Troy. Nine of the years of royal Zeus are past: And lo! the rigging of our ships is torn, 145 Rotted their timbers; and our wives, I ween, And lisping children sit within our halls, And wait us: and our work, for which we came To Troy, is unaccomplished. Nay but up And do my bidding. Set we sail and fly 150 To our dear fatherland: for never more May we deem Ilion and her broad streets ours." BOOK II] HOMER'S ILIAD. 43 He spake; and stirred the inmost soul of all The broad host: all save those who knew his wiles. Then surged the council. On the Icarian main 155 So surge great sea-waves, when the clouds of Zeus Let loose upon them winds from North and East. And as the West wind meets the standing corn, And stirs it to its depths, and ravens on, A hurricane; and all the ears bow down: 160 Ev'n so was stirred the council. Seaward they Rushed with a cry. The dust rose under-foot, In volumes. Each called each, to lend a hand And drag the vessels down to the great sea. Cleared were the trenches: rose to heaven their cry, 165 As, homeward-bound, they dragged their ships from shore. Then had the Greeks fled home before their time; But Here to Athene spake and said: "Oh me! oh child of ^Egis-armed Zeus, Untiring one! shall Argives thus flee home, 170 Riding the broad seas, to their fatherland; 44 HOMER'S ILIAD. [Boon II. And leave, that Priam and his hosts may boast, Helen of Argos for whom here in Troy, Far from his fatherland, died many a Greek? Now range the armies of the brass-clad Greeks : 1 75 And with thy soft words stay them, man by man; Nor seaward let them drag their rocking ships." She spake; the blue-eyed maid gave ear to her: Yea, from Olympus' heights went hurrying down, And came to the Greek war-ships speedily. 180 And there she found Odysseus, Zeus's match In cunning, standing still. He had not laid A finger on his dark and oared ship; For sorrow sat upon his heart and soul. Standing beside him spake the blue-eyed maid. 185 "Laertes' son! the man of many wiles! What! leaping thus into your oared ships Shall ye flee home unto your fatherland: And leave, that Priam and his hosts may boast, Helen of Argos for whom here in Troy, 190 Far from his fatherland, died many a Greek? Now range the armies of the brass-clad Greeks; BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 45 And with thy soft words stay them, man by man, Nor seaward let them drag their rocking ships." She spake. He knew her voice who spake to him: 195 Girt him for speed, and flung his robe away. Eurybates the herald picked it up, That Ithacan, his servant. He himself Came straight to Agamemnon Atreus' son; And took from him the sceptre of his sires, 200 Imperishable aye; and sought therewith The vessels of the brazen-coated Greeks. Oft as he met a king, or foremost man, He checked him, halting near, with softest words. "Fair sir! thou shouldst not cower as doth a knave ; 205 Now seat thyself, and likewise seat thy hosts. Thou know'st not yet the mind of Atreus' son. Now proves he, but anon shall plague, the Greeks. We know not, all, the purport of his words In council. Should his wrath wax hot, and work 210 46 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. A mischief to the children of the Greeks ! For high the soul of kings, the sons of heaven. Of Zeus their glory: wise Zeus loves them well. Then when he saw, or heard uplift his voice, One of the people: with his sceptre he 215 Would thrust at him, and shout that he might hear. "Sirrah! sit down, and stir not, but obey Thy betters. Helpless and unwarlike thou, Of none account in council or in strife. We may not, look you, all be monarchs here. 220 The multitude of rulers bodes but ill. Be one our lord, our king; to whom the son Of wily Cronos gave it: sceptre gave And sovereignty, that he should reign o'er us. Ev'n thus he dealt his mandates through the host; 225 And councilward they rushed from tent and ship. The noise was as the noise of boisterous seas, That break on some broad beach, and ocean howls. BOOK II] HOMER'S ILIAD. 47 So all sate down, and halted each in his place. Still one Thersites of ungoverned tongue 230 Brawled on. Much store had he of scurrilous words, Idle and scurrilous words, to hurl at kings : Aught that he deemed the Greeks would hear and laugh. To Troy's gates none had come so base as he. Bow-legged he was, and halted on one foot: 235 His shoulders, hunched, encroached upon his chest ; And bore a peaked head scant hairs grew thereon. Achilles and Odysseus most he loathed; At them railed aye: but Agamemnon now He taunted in shrill treble. All the Greeks 240 Were angered sore, and vexed within their soul. At Agamemnon did he rail and cry. "What lack'st thou? Why complainest, Atreus' son? With brass thy tents abound: and in them wait Many and peerless maidens; whom we Greeks, 245 Whene'er we take a town, choose first for thee. 48 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Ask'st thou yet gold; which one mayhap shall bring A tamer of the steed from Ilion, To buy his son ? whom peradventure I, Or some Greek else hath bound and made his prize? 250 Or yet* a damsel to ascend thy bed, Kept for thine own self? Nay, unkingly 'tis To bring this mischief on Achaia's sons. Oh cowards! oh base and mean not men, but maids ! Home fare we with our ships: and leave him here, 255 To gorge him with his honours here in Troy: And see if we will fight for him or no. For him, who scorned one better far than he; For his hand took, he hath, Achilles' gift. Yet naught Achilles frets, good easy' man. 260 Else, son of Atreus, thou hadst bragged thy last." So chode Thersites him who led the host. But straightway was Odysseus at his side, And, scowling, with hard words encountered him. BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 49 "Thou word-entangler ! Clear thy voice and shrill : 265 Yet think not singly to contend with kings. I say no mortal, out of all that came With Atreus' sons to Troy, is base as thou. Wherefore thou should'st not lift thy voice and roar 269 And rail at kings, thy watchword still 'Return.' We know not yet the end: whether for weal Or woe we shall return, we sons of Greece. Se thou at Agamemnon, Atreus' son, The shepherd of the host, must sit and rail, For that on him the mighty men of Greece 275 Heap gifts : and cut him to the heart with words. But this I say, and this shall come to pass. 'Forget thyself, as now thou hast, again: And from Odysseus' shoulders, drop his head, Nor be he called Telemachus's sire, 280 If this hand strip not all thy garments off, Mantle and tunic, and lay bare thy loins, And send thee to the war-ships, wailing loud; Driven from the council with the blows of shame." 50 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. He spake: and with his sceptre smote his back And shoulders. Writhed Thersites, and the tears Came gushing: and a crimson wale appeared, Where lit the golden sceptre, on his back. Down sate he, trembling all and woe-begone ; 289 And dried his eyes; and looked round helplessly. Then laughed they fairly, tho' their souls were grieved, And each unto his neighbour looked and said; "Now many a brave deed hath Odysseus done; Fathered fair counsels, reared the crest of war : 394 But bravest this which he hath wrought to-day, Hushing that scorner's speech, who smites with words. Sure never more that o'er-great soul of his Shall raise him up to gibe and scoff at kings." So spake the people. Then Odysseus rose, Sacker of towns, his sceptre in his hand. 300 The blue-eyed goddess in a herald's shape Stood near: that all, both high arid low, might hear BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 51 His counsel, and acquaint them with his mind. He friendly-minded rose and spake in the midst. "Prince! Atreus' son! Lo! now they will that thou 305 Should'st do in all men's eyes a deed of shame: Nor keep the pledge they pledged, when on their way Hither from Argos, pasture of the steed, That thou should'st raze yon walls and get thee home : 309 But ev'n as babes or widowed wives, they wail Each to his fellow, 'Get we home again.' And such indeed the toil we have toiled, that one Might get him home in very weariness. For let a man abide one single month, He and his fair-oared ship let blast and storm 315 And angry ocean keep him prisoner Far from his wife : and sad shall be his soul. But we we see the ninth year rolling on, And bide here still. Wherefore small blame to them 319 That fret beside their ships. And yet 'twere base E2 52 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. To stay, and stay, and then go empty home. Bear, friends: bide yet a little: till we learn If Calchas speak true prophecies or false. For this we know full well : bear witness all Not yet led captive by the Powers of Death: 325 When 'twas as yesterday to Aulis flocked Achaia's ships, the messengers of woe To Priam and to Troy; and round about The fountain, at the holy altar, we Made to the immortals choicest sacrifice, 330 By the fair plane, whence glistening waters rolled: Then saw we a great sign. A snake whose back Was blood-red; sent, of him who dwells in heaven, From darkness into light a fearful thing Sprang sudden from the altar to the plane. 335 Whereon were young birds sitting, tiny things, On the tree-top; and cowered amidst the leaves; Eight of them: she, who bare the brood, made nine. He ate them; chirping, all eight, piteously; 339 And as the mother fluttered round and round And wailed her offspring; darting from his coils He seized the shrieking creature by the wing. BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 53 And when he had eaten bird and brood, the god Appeared, and wrought in him a miracle. As we stood marvelling to see such things, Wise Cronos' son transformed him into stone. Such portents mingling with our sacrifice, Then forthwith Calchas prophesied and spake. "What struck ye speechless, oh ye unshorn Greeks ? To us this mighty sign wise Zeus hath shewed, 350 Late coming, late in its accomplishment, The fame whereof shall never pass away. Ev'n as that serpent ate up bird and brood, Eight of them; she who bare the brood made nine ; Shall we, for years so many warring here, Take Ilion and her broad streets in the ninth.' So spake he, and behold ! it comes to pass. Nay then, abide, bravely-harnessed Greeks, Here, until yon great citadel be ours." 359 He spake, and from the Greeks a mighty cry Went up: and all the vessels round about Rang fiercely at the shouting of the hosts, 5 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Who liked divine Odysseus' counsel well. To whom spake Nestor the Gerenian knight. 364 " Oh gods ! Your speech is as the speech of babes Too young to busy them with warfare yet. Where then our oaths, our contracts? Fling we now Our plots and manly counsels to the flames, Our pledges pledged in wine, and our right hands Wherein we trusted. For behold ! we strive 370 Idly with words; and, long time tarrying here, See yet no end. But thou, oh Atreus' son, Stablished of purpose ev'n as heretofore, Lead on the Argives still through hard-fought fields : While they drop off, those two or three, who sit Aloof, and plot (and shall accomplish naught) To turn them Argos-ward, or e'er we see If ^Egis-armed Zeus keep faith or no. Yea for I say Cronion bowed his head, 379 The all-mighty, in that day when first the Greeks Stept on their swift ships, messengers of blood And death to Troy and, thundering to the right, Signalled fair fortune. So let none speed home, BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. Till each hath lain beside a Trojan wife, And Helen's cares and anguish are avenged. 385 But whoso longs amazingly for home, Let him upon his dark and oared ship Lay hold; and ere his fellows, drop and die. But do thou, King, consider and obey. Not idle are the words which Nestor speaks. 390 Tell into clans and tribes, oh King, thy men: That clan may stand by clan, and tribe by tribe. So shalt thou if the Greeks obey thy voice- See which be base, which brave, of all the host, Leaders and led : for singly they will fight ? And know if it be Fate, or man's unskill And cowardice, that bars thy road to Troy." And royal Agamemnon spake again. "Yea, and in council none' is like to thee Old man, of all the children of the Greeks. 400 Zeus, O Phoebus, and Athene! would 1 had ten such counsellors! Soon would bow yon walls, By our arm ta'en and sacked. But Cronos' son Makes woe my portion. ^Egis-armed Zeus 404 56 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Doth cast my lot in bootless feuds and strifes. Lo ! for a girl's sake strive with warring tongues I and Achilles my wrath roused the strife. Should but we twain be one in purpose, then Not for an hour shall linger Ilion's doom. But break ye now your fast, and then to war. 410 Let each whet well his spear, and hold his shield Ready, feed well his swift-foot steeds, and look, For battle bound, his chariot o'er and o'er : That in stern war we strive the livelong day. For rest there shall be none, no not an hour, 415 Until' night coming part the strong men's arms. The leathern fastenings of the broad-orbed shield Shall drip with sweat ; the hands that close around The spear-shaft falter : steeds shall drip with sweat, Drawing their polished cars. And should I mark 420 One, minded by his beaked ships to abide, Aloof from battle slender hope were his Thenceforth, to 'scape the vulture and the dog." He spake. The Argives gave a mighty roar. So roars a billow by the South wind stirred, 425 BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 57 On some high beach against a jutting rock, Lashed evermore by waves from every wind Of heaven, on this side gathering and on that. They rose, and sprang forth, parting each to his ship; And, kindling each his tent-fire, brake their fast : 430 And to the gods who live for ever prayed, This one or that, with sacrifice, to flee Death and the moil of war. An ox meanwhile Did Agamemnon slaughter, King of men, Fat, in its fifth year, to most mighty Zeus : 435 And called the reverend chiefs of all the Greeks, First Nestor, and the prince Idomeneus ; Then the two Aiases, and Tydeus' son; Odysseus sixth, in craft a match for Zeus. Unbid the clear- voiced Menelaiis came; 440 His soul well wotted how his brother toiled. Ranged round the ox, they raised the barley grains, And royal Agamemnon spake in prayer. " Most high, most mighty, dweller in the heaven, Zeus, hid in clouds and darkness ! ere yon sun 445 58 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Set, and the dark draw on, may I have laid Priam's blackening palace low, and Priam's gates Burned with avenging flame : and rent the clothes Of Hector with the sword's edge on his breast, And round about him seen much people fall 450 In dust, and with their teeth lay hold on earth." He spake. Cronion heard not yet his prayer : His offering took, but multiplied his woe. They having knelt, and strewed the barley grains, Drew back the victim's head, and slew, and flayed, 455 And cut the thighs off, and around them wrapped The fat in layers, and sprinkled flesh thereon. And these they burned on leafless logs; and held, Pierced with their knives, the entrails o'er the flame. They burned the thighs, and tasted of the heart, , 460 And mashed and fixed on spits the residue, And made roast cunningly, and drew all off. And when the lust of meat and drink was gone, First spake out Nestor, the Gerenian knight. BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 59 " Most glorious Agamemnon, King of men ! 465 Sit we not talking here, no$ still forego The thing that lo ! heaven putteth in our hand. But up. Let heralds of the brass-mailed Greeks Cry, and collect the folk from ship and ship : While through the broad host thus in multitude We go, and swiftly bid keen war awake." 471 He spake. Nor heedless was the King of men. Forthwith he bade his shrill-voiced heralds go And summon council-ward the unshorn Greeks, Who came all swiftly at their heralding. 475 Round Atreus' son the kings, the sons of heaven, Ranged and arrayed them. And Athene helped, The blue-eyed maid, her ^Egis in her hand, That precious thing, that grows not old nor fades. A hundred tassels hang from it, all gold, 480 All deftly wov'n; worth each a hecatomb. Therewith she ran wild-eyed amid the host, Bidding them on : and roused in every breast The will to fight and cease not. And behold ! Sweeter to them seemed warfare, than to steer 485 CO HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II Their hollow ships unto their fatherland. * As on the mountain peaks destroying flame Fires a great forest ; far is seen the glare : From off the glorious steel the full-orbed light 489 Went skyward on through ether as they marched. And even as great hosts of winged birds, Storks, cranes, or long-necked swans, flit here and there In Asian meadow round Cayster's stream On jubilant wing : and, making van-ward each, Scream, that the whole mead rings : so poured their hosts 495 From tent and ship into Scamander's plain. Earth underfoot rang fiercely, to the tramp Of warriors and of horses. There they stood Upon Scamander's richly-blossomed plain, Innumerable, as flowers and leaves in spring. 500 And as great hosts of swarming flies that flit In springtime, when the milk is in the cans, About the herdsman's hut : so numerous stood BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. Cl Before Troy's ranks the Greeks upon the plain, And thirsted to destroy them utterly. 505 And as the goatherds sunder easily Broad droves, as one flock feeding: even so Their captains marshalled each his company For war; amidst them Atreus' royal son, In eye and front like Zeus, Ares in bulk, 510 In chest Poseidon. As among the herd The bull ranks noblest, o'er the gathered kine Preeminent : such glory in that hour Gave Zeus to Agamemnon, to be first And chiefest among hosts of mighty men. 515 Now name me, Muses, ye that dwell in heaven For ye are goddesses, see all, all know ; We are but told a tale, and know not aught The captains and commanders of the Greeks. I could not tell nor speak their multitude 520 Had I ten tongues, ten mouths; were this my voice Untiring, and the heart within me brass; But that those children of Olympus, sprung 62 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Of ^Egis-armed Zeus, the Muses, know 524 Full well what numbers came 'neath Ilion's walls. Now tell I all the captains, all the ships. Of the Boeotians Peneleus was chief, Archesilaus, Clonius, Leitus, And Prothoenor. Some in Hyria dwelt, Schcenus or stony Aulis, or the dells 530 Of Eteonus : in Thespeia some, Scholus and Graia, and the broad champaign Of Mycalessus, Harma, Eilesius, Erythrse, Eleon, Hyle, Peneon, Ochalese, and Medeon, well-walled town, 535 Copse, Eutresis, and the haunt of doves Thisbe. In Coroneia, on the lawns Of Haliartus ; by Plataia, by Glisas, and Hypothebae, well-walled town : Onchestus, or Poseidon's holy grove, 540 Mideia, Arne, where the grapes grow thick, Or sacred Cilia, or the frontier-town Anthedon. Fifty ships went forth of these. A hundred men and twenty sailed in each. BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 63 They of Aspledon and Orchomenos 545 Obeyed Ascalaphus and lalmenus, Chiefs whom in Actor's palace, Azeus' son, The young Astyoche to Ares bore, Her secret bridegroom, in her maiden's tower. Full thirty chiselled ships -did these array. 550 Of Phocians Schedius and Epistrophus Ranked foremost, sons of proud Iphitus, son Of Nauboleus. Of Cyparissus these Were lords, and stony Python, Crisa's grove, Daulis and Panopeus ; dwelt round about 555 Anemoreia and Hyampolis, Or drank of holiest Cephissus' stream, Or held Lilaia, whence Cephissus springs. And forty dark ships were their retinue. These two were captains of the Phocian lines, 560 Next the Boeotians ranging, on the left. The Locrian's prince, fleet Aias, Oileus' son, Slighter than Aias son of Telamon, Far slighter small and linen-corsleted 564 64 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Yet with the spear surpassed the hosts of Greece. From Cynus, Opoeis, Calliarus, these, Bessa or Scarphe, sweet Augese came, Thronius, or Tarphe by Boagrius' stream. Forty dark ships were theirs, who o'er against The great Eubcea dwelt the Locrians. 570 Eubcea's hosts, the JCbantians men whose lips Breathe war from Chalcis, Histiaia's vines, Cerinthus' sands, Eirethria, Dion's steep, Or Styra or Carystus : that proud race Brave Elephenor led, Chalcodon's son. 575 He led the fleet Abantians : warriors, shorn Of their front locks; with outstretched spears athirst To rive the breastplate on the foeman's breast. Forty dark vessels followed in his wake. And they who dwelt in Athens, well-walled town, 580 Land of great-souled Erechtheus whom in days Gone by the child of Zeus, Athene, reared (From bounteous Earth he sprang,) and bade him dwell BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 65 In Athens, in her own rich sanctuary : There do Athenian warriors worship him, 585 As years roll round, with bullocks and with rams Their captain was Menestheus, Peteos' SOB. In all the earth his like hath not arisen To marshal steeds and shielded infantry. 589 Nestor alone might match him : Nestor's years Were more. And fifty dark ships followed him. Next, Aias brought twelve ships from Salamis ; And moored them by the Athenian phalanxes. And them whom Argos reared ; from Tiryns' walls, Hermione and Asine that front 595 Each a deep bay from Troezen, Eion, And vine-clad Epidaurus : all who came From Mases or ^Egina, men of war : Loud Diomedes ruled, and Sthenelus, Famed Capaneus's son : Euryalus third, 600 His sire Mecisteus, his Talaion. Loud Diomedes ruled the whole array, In eighty dark ships mustering. 6G HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Those who held Mycenae or Cleonae, well-walled towns, 605 Or sumptuous Corinth, Araithyria sweet, Orneia, or where first Adrastus reigned, Sicyon; who dwelt on Gonoessa's steep, Or Hyperesia; by Pellene dwelt And ^Egius, and all along the coast, 610 And round broad Helice : their hundred ships Were led by Agamemnon Atreus' son. Most noble as most numerous were the hosts That followed him. Amongst them he stood armed In dazzling brass, exulting: and of all 615 The mighty men stood chief est, as of all Noblest was he, and most his following. And those who tiUed Laconia's rugged dales, Pharis or Sparta, or the haunt of doves Messe ; Amyclse, Helos' sea-washed walls, 630 Laas or (Etylus : Menelaiis led, The king's own brother, of the ringing voice, Full fifty ships. They mixed not with the rest. He moved amongst them, trusting in his might, And urged to battle : this his heart's desire, 625 BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 67 That Helen's tears and anguish be avenged. And those from Pylos, from Arene fair, Thrios, the ford of Alpheus, -^Epy's walls, Cyparisseis, Helos, Pteleon, Amphigeneia, Dorion : where the Nine 630 Fell in with Thracian Thamyris, on his road From Thessaly, the home of Eurytus, And silenced all his songs : because he stood Their vaunted conqueror, would they but appear Those Muses, sprung of ^Egis-armed Zeus 635 And sing against him: they, thereat enraged, Smote him with blindness, took away that gift Divine, that he forgat his minstrelsy : Their chief was Nestor, the Gerenian knight. And ninety chiselled ships were their array. 640 Them of Arcadia, 'neath Cyllene's steep, By ^Epytus's tomb, where dwells a race Of wrestlers : them of Rhipae, Pheneiis, Orchomenos white with sheep, and Stratia, Wind-swept Enispe, fair Mantinea, 645 Tegea, Stymphelus, and Parrhasia: F2 68 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. King Agapenor led, Anchseus' son. Their ships were sixty : each ship furnished well With men inured to war, Arcadia's sons. To these did Agamemnon, King of men 650 For they were landsmen give of his own store Ships and good oars, to cross the purple seas. They of Buprasium and great Elis : all Whom utmost Myrsinus, Olenia's crags, Hyrmine and Aleisium compass round ; 655 These had four chiefs on each chief war-ships ten Attended, with Epeans freighted well. Part did Amphimachus, part Thalpius lead, (Sprung, this from Cteatus, that from Eurytus The seed of Actor;) stout Diores part 660 Whose sire was Amarynceus : o'er the fourth Ruled brave Polyxenus his sire the king Agasthenes, who sprang from ^Egeus' loins. Them of Dulichium, and the sacred isles That fronting Elis lie, beyond the sea, 665 The Echinse: Meges marshalled, Phyleus' son, In fight an Ares. Zeus loved well the knight Phyleus his sire; who wijh his grandsire wroth BooKlL] HOMER'S ILIAD. G9 Came down unto Dulichium long ago. Forty dark vessels followed after him. 670 The Cephalenians, haughty race, and all Who called the quivering woods of Neritos, Or Ithaca, or rugged JEgilips, Their home, or Crocylaea : all who dwelt Round Samos or Zacynthus; and whoe'er 675 Peopled, or faced, the mainland : these obeyed Odysseus, like in counsel unto Zeus. And with him sailed twelve scarlet-painted ships.- The ^Etolians Thoas led, Andrsemon's son ; By Pleuron, Olenus, Pylene, reared, 680 Or Chalcis' beach, or rocky Calydon. For CEneus' bold sons were not ; he himself Was not, nor fair-haired Meleager, now. So o'er ^Etolia's hosts supreme command Held Thoas. Forty dark ships followed him. 685 Idomeneus, brave lance, the Cretans led. From Cnosus and Miletus, Gortyn's walls, And Lyttus, and Lycastus, glistening white, Phaestus and Rhytius, peopled towns, they came, 70 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. And all the parts of hundred-citied Crete. 690 Idomeneus led those, and Meriones, Match of the war-god, when he lift his arm For slaughter. Eighty dark ships followed them. Tlepolemus, the son of Heracles, Valiant and tall, led on nine vessels, manned 695 By. noble Rhodians, dwelling round about Rhodes in three portions : in lelysus, And Lindus, and Cameirus glistening white. These did Tlepolemus, brave lance, command : Astyocheia bare him to the might 700 Of Heracles : who led the maid away From Sella's stream, from Ephyre, many a town Of warriors, sons of heaven, laid first in dust. He, grown to manhood in his stately home, Slew straightway his sire's uncle, now in years, 705 Licymnius, sprung from Ares ; built him ships Forthwith, and fled, much people in his train, O'er ocean ; for he feared the other sons And grandsons of the might of Heracles. To Rhodes, much hardship past, the wanderer came: 710 BooKlL] HOMER'S ILIAD. 71 There in three clans lie settled; there obtained The love of Zeus, whom heaven and earth obey. Cronfon's hand shed o'er them boundless wealth. Nireus from Syme led three shapely ships : Nireus, to Charopus and Aglaia born, 715 Nireus, of all the Greeks that came to Troy The goodliest ; all, save Peleus' noble son. Yet poor his prowess, scant his following. Them of Nisyrus, Crapathus, Casos, Cos, Where reigned Eurypylus, and Calydnae's isles, 720 Pheidippus led and Antiphus, two sons Of Thessalus, who sprang from Heracles. And thirty chiselled ships were their array. Next, all who in Pelasgic Argos dwelt, Whose home was Trachis, Alos, Alope, 725 Phthia, and Hellas, for sweet damsels famed; Their fifty ships Achilles led to war: Myrmidons, or Hellens, or Achaians hight. Yet the dread din of battle woke not them : For there was no man to array their hosts. 730 For in his ship their great swift leader lay, 7 1' HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Wroth for Briseis' sake, that fair-haired maid Whom from Lyrnessus in hard fight he won, When fell Lyrnessus and the walls of Thebes ; Epistrophus and Mynes, spearmen bold, 735 Smiting, Evenus' sons, of Sclepius' blood: For her sake lay he still but not for long. From Phylace and flowery Pyrasus, Demeter's own ; from sheep-clad Iton some, And sea-washed Ajitron, and green Pteleus, came. 740 Protesilaiis was their warrior chief Once: but the dark soil was his lodging now. In Phylace his widow tore her cheeks, Unfinished stood his home : for, first of Greeks Leaping to land, a Dardan struck him down. 745 They mourned their chief, yet were not chiefless still : Podarces led them, bred to warfare, son Of rich Iphiclus, son of Phylacus'; Of proud Protesilaiis brother born : But younger, and less brave, than that great chief 750 BOOK II] HOMER'S ILIAD. 73 Protesilaiis. Leader lacked they not; Yet thought, regretful, on the brave man dead. Forty dark ships these manned. And those who tilled Pheras by Lake Bcebeis, Glaphyrae, Or Bcebe or lolcos, well- walled town: 755 Admetus' son led their eleven ships, Eumelus, whom Alcestis, lady fair, Of Pelias' daughters loveliest, bare to him. Those whom Methone, whom Thaumachia reared, Or Meliboea, or Olizon's crags ; 760 Them Philoctetes led, an archer trained, Seven ships: in each sat fifty rowers, trained Archers, in fight right valiant. But he lay, Racked by strong pangs, in Lemnos' sacred isle, Abandoned of the children of the Greeks 765 To rue the fell bite of the deadly snake. There he lay sorrowing. But the Greeks were soon To think of Philoctetes once again. Chiefless they were not, though they mourned their chief. 74 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Medon arrayed them, Rhene's bastard child, 770 By city-sacking Oileus. Them who held CEchalia, where (Echalian Eurytus Was king, or Tricce, or Ithome's rocks : These Podaleirius and Machaon led, Asclepius' two sons, of healing arts 775 Each master. Thirty chiselled ships ranged they. Them from Ormenius, Hypereia's rill, Asterius, and Titanus' white-faced cliffs ; Euaemon's glorious son, Eurypylus, Led forth. And forty dark ships followed him. 780 Argissa's, Orthe's and Gyrtona's hosts, White Oloessa's, and Elone's; led The sturdy Polypoetes, son of him Whom deathless Zeus begat, Peirithoiis. Him to Peirithoiis famed Hippodame 785 Bore, when those shaggy Beasts his vengeance felt, From Pelion unto far-off Piridus driven. Leonteus, bred to warfare, shared his toil, BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 75 Haughty Coronus' son, of Cseneus' blood. And forty dark ships followed after these. 790 Gouneus from Cyphos twenty ships and two Led. Enienians thronged them, and the men Whose homes were round Dodona's storm-beat crags, Sturdy Peraebians, or who tilled the meads Of Titaresius, that pleasant stream 795 That flows in beauty down to Peneus ; Yet with that silver-eddied river ne'er Mingleth, but oil-like, on the surface swims: For Peneus is an arm of that oath-witness, Styx. Prothous, Tenthredon's son, led Magne's hosts, 800 By Peneus reared, and Pelion's quivering woods. Forty dark ships of theirs swift Prothoiis led. These were the chiefs and captains of the host. Now, tell me, Muse, who far surpassed their mates, Horsemen or steeds, in all that chivalry. 805 Of steeds the noblest far Eumelus drave, Driv'n once by Pheres; swift in flight as birds, 76 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. In age, hue, depth of shoulder, fairly matched. Those mares the Monarch of the Silver Bow Bred in Pereia, couriers of dread war. 810 Of men far first was Aias, Telamon's son, While Peleus' son was wroth. For all unmatched Was great Achilles, all unmatched his steeds. But in his beaked sea-vessels wroth he lay At Agamemnon, shepherd of the host. 815 His army by the breakers on the beach With spear and quoit and bow made holiday: While, ranged beside their several cars, their steeds On lotus browsed and parsley of the lake. Tented, in canvass, stood the chieftains' cars. 820 Reft of their warrior prince, they roamed at will Among the host, and went not forth to war. On came they: so might fire o'errun the lands. Groaned earth beneath : as when Zeus smites in wrath, BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 77 Revelling in thunderstorm, the soil that hides 825 The Dragon, where in Arimi men shew The Dragon's grave. Beneath their coming feet Groaned she right sore. They swiftly scoured the plain. And now wind-swift to Troy fleet Iris came From ^Egis-armed Zeus, to tell a tale 830 Of woe. By Priam's gates assembled all The assembly, young and old. Then, standing near, Spake swift-foot Iris in Polites' voice, Priam's son, who, trusting to his feats of speed, High upon ancient ^Esysetes' tomb 835 A spy sat watching till the Achaians moved From shipboard. So disguised, fleet Iris spake. " Sire ! Thou aye lov'st entanglements of words. Thus erst in peace-time: but 'tis stern war now. Lo ! I have looked on many a foughten field : 840 But ne'er saw yet so vast, so stout, a host, As, even like the leaves or like the sand, March o'er the plain, to fight beneath our walls. But, Hector, be my message first to tbee. 78 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. This do. In Priam's great city many allies 845 Dwell, late o'er earth wide-scattered, and their speech Is diverse. Let each captain then command, Each head, his own troops: marshalling first his hosts." She spake. He knew her voice who spake to him. And brake the assembly up. To arms they rushed. 850 The gates flew open, and the hosts poured forth, Horsemen and footmen. Mighty was their din. Far in the plain, a steep hill fronts the walls; A man may walk all round it: called by men The Bramble-hill, but by the gods the tomb 855 Of supple-limbed Myrine. There were ranged Both Trojans and allies. The Trojan host Obeyed tall Hector of the glancing plume, Priam's son. Most noble as most numerous shewed 859 His hosts: each spear-arm lusting for the fray. BOOK II.] HOMER'S ILIAD. 79 Gallant ^Eneas led the Dardaii lines; Whom Aphrodite's self to Anchises bore In Ida's glens; a goddess loved a man. Archilochus and Acamas shared his toil, Trained in all arts of war, Antenor's sons. 865 Seleia's dwellers, low at Ida's foot, Rich Trojans, that drink dark ^Esepus' stream, These Pandarus led, Lycaon's brilliant son; His very bow was great Apollo's gift. From Adrasteia and Apsesus' realm, 870 Tereia's steep and Pityeia, came Hosts by Adrastus and Amphius led Of linen corslet, Merops' sons, who ruled Percote. He, a seer among the seers, Had said, "My children, go not up to war." 875 Yet recked they not drawn on by the dark Powers of Death. Them who round Practium and Percote dwelt, Sestus, Abydos, and Arisbe's grove ; SO HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Ruled Asms, prince of warriors, Asius, son Of Hyrtacus, whom vast and fiery-hued 880 Steeds from Arisbe brought, from Sella's stream. The fierce Pelasgian spearmen tribes who ploughed Larissa's rich domain Hippothoiis led : Hippothoiis and Pylseus, warriors, sprung Through Lethus from Pelasgian Teutamus. 885 Peirous and Acamas, mighty men, from Thrace, Led all whom Hellespont, strong-rushing, belts. Euphemus all Ciconia's spears: his sire Troezenus, son of Ceas ; son of heaven. 889 Then the Paeonians, them who bend the bow, From far-off Amydon PyraBcmes brought, From Axius: Axius, whose vast-volumed tide, Matchless in beauty, broadens o'er the lands. The hairy bulk of stout Pylsemenes The Paphlagonians roused from Eneti, 895 That breeds wild mules: Cytorus, Sesamos, BOOK II-] HOMER'S ILIAD. 81 Their fair homes : Cromna or Parthenia's banks, ^Egialus, or Erythinae tall. Odius, Epistrophus, Calydon's hosts Led from far Alybae. There is silver found. 900 The Mysians Cromis led, and Ennomus The augur. Not by augury to escape Black death. By fleet Achilles' hand he died In Xanthus. Other Trojans fell that day. Godlike Ascanius led, and Phorcys, troops 905 From far Ascania; Phrygians, war-athirst. Mseonians, Antiphus and Mesthles, born By Lake Gygeis to Talaimenes. They led Masonians, born at Tmolus' foot. The barbarous-talking Carians Nastes led, 910 These held Miletus, and Mseander's stream, And rocky Phtheirae's leaf-entangled shades, And Mycale's steep heights. Amphimachus Led these, and Nastes, Nomion's brilliant sons, Amphimachus and Nastes. Gold he had; 915 G 82 HOMER'S ILIAD. [BOOK II. Yet, child-like, went to war. Poor fool ! what shield Is gold against the bitterness of death? He too must die by fleet Achilles' hand In Xanthus. Brave Achilles took his gold. Sarpedon and good Glaucus Lycians led 920 From Lycia far, where whirls Scamander's stream. 3SITY VIKGIL'S ECLOGUES. VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. ECLOGUE I. MELIBCEUS. TITYRUS. M. Stretched in the shadow of the broad beech, thou Rehearsest, Tityrus, on the slender pipe Thy woodland music. We our fatherland Are leaving, we must shun the fields we love : While, Tityrus, thou, at ease amid the shade, Bidd'st answering woods call Amaryllis ' fair.' T. O Melibceus! Tis a god that made For me this holiday : for god I'll aye Account him ; many a young lamb from my fold Shall stain his altar. Thanks to him, my kine 10 Range, as thou seest them: thanks to him, I play What songs I list upon my shepherd's pipe. M. For me, I grudge thee not ; I marvel much : So sore a trouble is in all the land. 86 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. I. Lo ! feeble I am driving hence my goats Nay dragging, Tityrus, one, and that with pain. For, yeaning here amidst the hazel-stems, She left her twin kids on the naked flint She left them; and I lost my promised flock. This evil, I remember, oftentimes, 20 (Had not my wits been wandering,) oaks foretold By heaven's hand smitten : oft the wicked crow Croaked the same message from the rifted holm. Yet tell me, Tityrus, of this ' God' of thine. T. The city men call Rome my folly deemed Was e'en like this of ours, where week by week We shepherds journey with our weanling flocks. So whelp to dog, so kid (I knew) to dam Was likest : and I judged great things by small. But o'er all cities this so lifts her head, 30 As doth o'er osiers lithe the cypress tree. M. What made thee then so keen to look on Rome? T. Freedom : who marked, at last, my helpless state : ECL. I.] VIEGIL'S ECLOGUES. 87 Now that a whiter beard than that of yore Ffcll from my razor : still she marked, and came (All late) to help me now tnat all my thought Is Amaryllis, Galatea gone. While Galatea's, I despaired, I own, Of freedom, and of thrift. Though from my farm Full many a victim stept, though rich the cheese 40 Pressed for yon thankless city : still my hand Returned not, heavy with brass pieces, home. M. I wondered, Amaryllis, whence that woe, And those appeals to heav'n : for whom the peach Hung undisturbed upon the parent tree. Tityrus was gone ! Why, Tityrus, pine and rill, And all these copses, cried to thee, "Come home !" T. What could I do? I could not step from out My bonds ; nor meet, save there, with Pow'rs so kind. There, Meliboeus, I beheld that youth 50 88, VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. I. For whom each year twelve days my altars smoke. Thus answered he my yet unanswered prayer ; "Feed still, my lads, your kine, and yoke your bulls." M. Happy old man ! Thy lands are yet thine own ! Lands broad enough for thee, although bare stones And marsh choke every field with reedy mud. Strange pastures shall not vex thy teeming ewes, Nor neighbouring flocks shed o'er them rank disease. Happy old man ! Here, by familiar streams And holy springs, thou'lt catch the leafy cool. 60 Here, as of old, yon hedge, thy boundary line, Its willow-buds a feast for Hybla's bees, Shall with soft whisperings woo thee to thy sleep. Here, 'neath the tall cliff, shall the vintager Sing carols to the winds : while all the time Thy pets, the stockdoves, and the turtles make Incessantly their moan from aery elms. T. Aye, and for this shall % slim stags graze in air, ECL. I.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 89 And ocean cast on shore the shrinking fish; For this, each realm by either wandered o'er, 70 Parthians shall Arar drink, or Tigris Gauls ; Ere from this memory shall fade that face ! M. And we the while must thirst on Libya's sands, O'er Scythia roam, and where the Cretan stems The swift Oaxes ; or, with Britons, live Shut out from all the world. Shall I e'er see, In far-off years, my fatherland? the turf That roofs my meagre hut? see, wondering, last, Those few scant cornblades that are realms to me? 79 What ! must rude soldiers hold these fallows trim ? That corn barbarians? See what comes of strife, Poor people where we sowed, what hands shall reap! Now, Meliboeus, pr'ythee graft thy pears, And range thy vines ! Nay on, my she-goats, on, Once happy flock ! For never more must I, Outstretched in some green hollow, watch you hang From tufted crags, far up : no carols more I'll sing : nor, shepherded by me, shall ye 90 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. I. Crop the tart willow and the clover-bloom. T. Yet here, this one night, thou may'st rest with me, 90 Thy bed green branches. Chestnuts soft have I And mealy apples, and our fill of cheese. Already, see, the far-off chimneys smoke, And deeper grow the shadows of the hills. Ecr, II.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 91 ECLOGUE II. CORYDON. For one fair face his master's idol burned The shepherd Corydon; and hope had none. Day after day he came ('twas all he could) Where, piles of shadow, thick the beeches rose : There, all alone, his unwrought phrases flung, Bootless as passionate, to copse and crag. "Hardhearted! Naught car'st thou for all my songs, Naught pitiest. I shall die, one day, for thee. The very cattle court cool shadows now, Now the green lizard hides beneath the thorn : 10 And for the reaper, faint with driving heat, The handmaids mix the garlic-salad strong. My only mates, the crickets as I track 'Neath the fierce sun thy steps make shrill the woods. Better to endure the passion and the pride Of Amaryllis : better to endure Menalcas dark albeit as thou art fair. 92 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. II. Put not, oh fair, in difference of hue Faith overmuch : the white May-blossoms drop And die ; the hyacinth swart, men gather it. 20 Thy scorn am I : thou ask'st not whence I am, How rich in snowy flocks, how stored with milk. O'er Sicily's green hills a thousand lambs Wander, all mine : my new milk fails me not In summer or in snow. Then I can sing All songs Amphion the Dircsean sang, Piping his flocks from Attic Aracynth. Nor am I all uncouth. For yesterday, When winds had laid the seas, I, from the shore, Beheld my image. Little need I fear 30 Daphnis, though thou wert judge, or mirrors lie. Oh ! be content to haunt ungentle fields, A cottager, with me; bring down the stag, And with green switch drive home thy flocks of kids : Like mine, thy woodland songs shall rival Pan's! 'Twas Pan first taught us reed on reed to fit With wax : Pan watches herd and herdsman too. Nor blush that reeds should chafe thy pretty lip. What pains Amyntas took, this skill to gain ! KCL. II.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 93 I have a pipe seven stalks of different lengths Compose it which Damoetas gave me once. 41 Dying he said, "At last 'tis all thine own." The fool Amyntas heard, and grudged, the praise. Two fawns moreover (perilous was the gorge Down which I tracked them !) dappled still each skin Drain daily two ewe-udders ; all for thee. Long Thestylis has cried to make them hers. Hers be they since to thee my gifts are dross. Be mine, oh fairest ! See ! for thee the Nymphs Bear baskets lily-laden : Naiads bright 50 For thee crop poppy-crests and violets pale, With daffodil and fragrant fennel-bloom : Then, weaving casia in and all sweet things, Soft hyacinth paint with yellow marigold. Apples J'll bring thee, hoar with tender bloom, And chestnuts which my Amaryllis loved, And waxen plums : let plums too have their day. And thee I'll pluck, oh bay, and, myrtle, thee Its neighbour: neighboured thus your sweets shall mix. 94 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. II. Pooli ! Thou 'rt a yokel, Corydon. Thy love 60 Laughs at thy gifts : if gifts must win the day, Rich is lolas. What vain thing have I, Poor I, been asking while the winds and boars Ran riot in my pools and o'er my flowers? Yet, fool, whom fliest thou? Gods have dwelt in woods, And Dardan Paris. Citadels let her Who built them, Pallas, haunt: green woods for me. Grim lions hunt the wolf, and wolves the kid, And kids at play the clover-bloom. I hunt Thee only : each one drawn to what he loves. 70 See ! trailing from their necks the kine bring home The plough, and, as he sinks, the sun draws out To twice their length the shadows. Still I burn With love. For what can end or alter love? Thou'rt raving, simply raving, Corydon. Clings to thy leafy elm thy half-pruned vine.' Why not begin, at least, to plait with twigs And limber reeds some useful homely thing ? Thou 'It find another love, % if scorned by this. ECL. III.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 05 ECLOGUE III. MENALCAS. DAMCETAS. PAL^EMON. M. Whose flock, Damoetas? Meliboeus's? D. No, ^Egon's. ^Egon left it in my care. M. Unluckiest of flocks ! Your master courts Neaera, wondering if she like me more : Meanwhile a stranger milks you twice an hour, Saps the flocks' strength, and robs the suck- ing lambs. D. Yet fling more charily such words at men. You while the goats looked goatish we know who, And in what chapel (but the kind Nymphs laughed) M. Then (was it?) when they saw me Micon's shrubs 10 And young vines hacking with my rascally knife ? D. Or when by this old beech you broke the bow And shafts of Daphnis : which you cried to see, 96 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. III. You crossgrained lad, first given to the boy; And harm him somehow you must needs, or die. J/". Where will lords stop, when knaves are come to this? Did not I see you, scoundrel, in a snare Take Damon's goat, Wolf barking all the while? And when I shouted, "Where's he off to? Call, Tityrus, your flock," you skulked behind the sedge. 20 D. Beaten in singing, should he have withheld The goat my pipe had by its music earned? That goat was mine, you mayn't p'raps know: and he Owned it himself: but said he could not pay. J/. He beat by you ? You own a decent pipe ? Used you not, dunce, to stand at the crossroads, Stifling some lean tune in a squeaky straw? D. Shall we then try in turn what each can do ? I stake yon cow nay hang not back she comes Twice daily to the pail, is suckling twins. 30 Say what you'll lay. Ed. III.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 97 M. I durst not wager aught Against you from the flock: for I have at home A father, I have a tyrant stepmother. Both count the flock twice daily, one the kids. But what you'll own far handsomer, I'll stake (Since you will be so mad) two beechen cups, The carved work of the great Alcimedon. O'er them the chiseller's skill has traced a vine That drapes with ivy pale her wide-flung curls. Two figures in the centre : Conon one, 40 And what's that other's name, who'd take a wand And shew the nations how the year goes round ; When you should reap, when stoop behind the plough? Ne'er yet my lips came near them, safe hid up. D. For me two cups the selfsame workman made, And clasped with lissom briar the handles round. Orpheus i'the centre, with the woods behind. Ne'er yet my lips came near them, safe hid up. This talk -of cups, if on my cow you've fixed Your eye, is idle. M. Nay you'll not this day 50 H 98 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. III. Escape me. Name your spot, and I'll be there. Our umpire be Palsemon; here he comes! I'll teach you how to challenge folks to sing. D. Come on, if aught is in you. I'm not loth, I shrink from no man. Only, neighbour, thou (Tis no small matter) lay this well to heart. P. Say on, since now we sit on softest grass ; And now buds every field and every tree, And woods are green, and passing fair the year. L)amoetas, lead. Menalcas, follow next. 60 Sing verse for verse; such songs the Muses love. D. With Jove we open. Jove fills everything, He walks the earth, he listens when I sing. M. Me Phoebus loves. I still have offerings meet For Phoebus ; bay, and hyacinth blushing sweet. D. Me Galatea pelts with fruit, and flies ('Wild girl) to the woods : but first would catch my eyes. M. Unbid Amyntas comes to me, my flame; With Delia's self my dogs are not more tame. D. Gifts have I for my fair : who marked but I 70 ECL. III.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 99 The place where doves had built their nest sky- high? $f. I've sent my poor gift, which the wild wood bore, Ten golden apples. Soon I'll send ten more. D. Oft Galatea tells me what sweet tales ! Waft to the god's ears just a part, ye gales. M. At heart Amyntas loves me. Yet what then? He mates with hunters, I with servingmen. D. Send me thy Phillis, good lolas, now. Today's my birthday. When I slay my cow To help my harvest come, and welcome, thou. 80 M. Phillis is my love. When we part, she'll cry; And fain would bid lolas' self Oood bye. Z). Wolves kill the flocks, and storms the ripened corn ; And winds the tree ; and me a maiden's scorn. M. Rain is the land's delight, weaned kids' the vine; Big ewes' lithe willow; and one fair face mine. D. Pollio loves well this homely muse of mine. For a new votary fat a calf, ye Nine. M. Pollio makes songs. For him a bull demand, H2 100 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. III. Who butts, whose hoofs already spurn the sand. 90 D. Who loves thee, Pollio, go where thou art gone. For him flow honey, thorns sprout cinnamon. M. Who loathes .not Bavius, let him love thy notes, Msevius: and yoke the fox, and milk he-goats. I). Flowers and ground-strawberries while your . prize ye make, Cold in the grass fly hence, lads lurks the snake. M. Sheep, banks are treacherous: draw not over- nigh : See, now the lordly ram his fleece doth dry. D. Tityrus, yon she-goats from the river bring. I in due time will wash them at the spring. J/. Call, lads, your sheep. Once more our hands, should heat 101 O'ertake the milk, will press in vain the teat. D. How rich these vetches, yet how lean my ox. Love kills alike the herdsman and the flocks. M. My lambs and here love's not in fault, you'll own ECL. III.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 101 Witched by some jealous eye, are skin and bone. D. Say in what land and great Apollo be To me heaven's arch extends just cubits three. M. Say in what land with kings' names grav'n are grown Flowers and be Phyllis yours and yours alone. no P. Not mine such strife to settle. You have earned A cow, and you : and whoso else shall e'er Shrink from love's sweets or prove his bitter- ness. Close, lads, the springs. The meads have drunk enough. 102 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. IV. ECLOGUE IV. MUSES of Sicily, a loftier song Wake we ! Some tire of shrubs and myrtles low. Are woods our theme ? Then princely be the woods. Come are those last days that the Sybil sang : The ages' mighty march begins anew. Now comes the virgin, Saturn reigns again : Now from high heaven descends a wondrous race. Thou on the newborn babe who first shall end That age of iron, bid a golden dawn Upon the broad world chaste Lucina, smile : 10 Now thy Apollo reigns. And, Pollio, thou Shalt be our Prince, when he that grander age Opens, and onward roll the mighty moons : Thou, trampling out what prints our crimes have left, Shalt free the nations from perpetual fear. While he to bliss shall waken; with the Blest See the Brave mingling, and be seen of them, ECL. IV.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 103 Ruling that world o'er which his father's arm shed peace. On thee, child, everywhere shall earth, untilled, Show'r, her first baby-offerings, vagrant stems 20 Of ivy, foxglove, and gay briar, and bean ; Unbid the goats shall come big-uddered home, Nor monstrous lions scare the herded kine. Thy cradle shall be full of pretty flowers: Die must the serpent, treacherous poison-plants Must die; and Syria's roses spring like weeds. But, soon as thou canst read of hero-deeds Such as thy father wrought, and understand What is true worth : the champaign day by day Shall grow more yellow with the waving corn ; 30 From the wild bramble purpling then^ shall hang The grape ; and stubborn oaks drop honeydew. Yet traces of that guile of elder days Shall linger; bidding men tempt seas in ships, Gird towns with walls, cleave furrows in the land. Then a new Tiphys shall arise, to man New argosies with heroes: then shall be 104 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. IV. New wars ; and once more shall be bound for Troy, A mightier Achilles. After this, When thou hast grown and strengthened into man, 40 The pilot's self shall range the seas no more; Nor, each land teeming with the wealth of all, The floating pines exchange their merchandise. Vines shall not need the pruning-hook, nor earth The haiTOw: ploughmen shall unyoke their steers. Nor then need wool be taught to counterfeit This hue and that. At will the meadow ram Shall change to saffron, or the gorgeous tints Of Tyre, his fair fleece ; and the grazing lamb At will put crimson on. So grand an age 50 Did those three Sisters bid their spindles spin ; Three, telling with one voice the changeless will of Fate. Oh draw the time is all but present near To thy great glory, cherished child of heaven, Jove's mighty progeny! And lo ! the world, ECL. IV.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 105 The round and ponderous world, bows down to thee; The earth, the ocean-tracts, the depths of heaven. Lo ! nature revels in the coming age. Oh ! may the evening of my days last on, May breath be mine, till I have told thy deeds ! 60 Not Orpheus then, not Linus, shall outsing Me : though each vaunts his mother or his sire, Calliopea this, Apollo that. Let Pan strive with me, Arcady his judge ; Pan, Arcady his judge, shall yield the palm. Learn, tiny babe, to read a mother's smile: Already ten long months have wearied her. Learn, tiny babe. Him, who ne'er knew such smiles, Nor god nor goddess bids to board or bed. 10G VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. V. ECLOGUE V. ME&ALCAS. MOPSUS. Me. MOPSUS, suppose, now two good men have met You at flute-blowing, as at verses I We sit down here, where elm and hazel mix. Mo. Menalcas, meet it is that I obey Mine elder. Lead, or into shade that shifts At the wind's fancy or (mayhap the best) Into some cave. See here's a cave, o'er which A wild vine flings her flimsy foliage. Me. On these hills one Amyntas vies with you. Mo. Suppose he thought to outsing Phoebus' self? 10 Me. Mopsus, begin. If aught you know of flames That Phyllis kindles ; aught of Alcon's worth, Or Codrus's ill-temper ; then begin : Tityrus meanwhile will watch the grazing kids. Mo. Ay, I will sing the song which t'other day On a green beech's bark I cut ; and scored The music, as I wrote. Hear that, and bid Amyntas vie with me. ECL.V.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 107 Me. As willow lithe Yields to pale olive ; as to crimson beds Of roses yields the lowly lavender ; 20 So, to my mind, Amyntas yields to you. Mo. But, lad, no more : we are within the cave. (Sings.) The Nymphs wept Daphnis, slain by ruthless death. Ye, streams and hazels, were their witnesses : When, clasping tight her son's unhappy corpse, "Ruthless," the mother cried, "are gods and stars." None to the cool brooks led in all those days, Daphnis, his fed flocks : no four-footed thing Stooped to the pool, or cropped the meadow- grass. How lions of the desert mourned thy death, 30 Forests and mountains wild proclaim aloud. 'Twas Daphnis taught mankind to yoke in cars The tiger; lead the winegod's revel on, And round the tough spear twine the bending leaf. 108 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. V. Vines are the green wood's glory, grapes the vine's : The bull the cattle's, and the rich land's corn Thou art thy people's. When thou metst thy doom, Both Pales and Apollo left our fields. In furrows where we dropped big barley seeds, Spring now rank darnel and the barren reed : 40 Not violet soft and shining daffodil, But thistles rear themselves and sharp-spiked thorn. Shepherds, strow earth with leaves, and hang the springs With darkness ! Daphnis asks of you sucli rites : And raise a tomb, and place this rhyme thereon : " Famed in the green woods, famed beyond the skies, A fair flock's fairer lord, here Daphnis lies." Me. Welcome thy song to me, oh sacred bard, As, to the weary, sleep upon the grass : , As, in the summer-heat, a bubbling spring 50 ECL.V.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 109 Of sweetest water, that shall slake oar thirst. In song, as on the pipe, thy master's match, Thou, gifted lad, shalt now our master be. Yet will I sing in turn, in my poor way, My song, and raise thy Daphnis to the stars Raise Daphnis to the stars. He loved me too. Mo. Could aught in my eyes such a boon outweigh ? Song-worthy was thy theme : and Stimichon Told me long since of that same lay of thine. Me. (Sings.) Heaven's unfamiliar floor, and clouds and stars, 60 Fair Daphnis, wondering, sees beneath his feet. Therefore gay revelries fill wood and field, Pan, and the shepherds, and the Dryad maids. Wolves plot not harm to sheep, nor nets to deer; Because kind Daphnis makes it holiday. The unshorn mountains fling their jubilant voice Up to the stars : the crags and copses shout Aloud, " A god, Menalcas, lo ! a god." Oh ! be thou kind and good unto thine own ! Behold four altars, Daphnis : two for thee, 70 Two, piled for Phoebus. Thereupon I'll place 110 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. V. Two cups, with new milk foaming, year by year; Two goblets filled with richest olive-oil : And, first with much wine making glad the feast At the fireside in snowtime, 'neath the trees In harvest pour, rare nectar, from the can The wines of Chios. Lyctian ^Egon then Shall sing me songs, and to Damcetas' pipe Alphesiboeus dance his Satyr-dance. And this shalt thou lack never : when we pay 80 The Nymphs our vows, and when we cleanse the fields. "While boars haunt mountain-heights, and fishes streams, Bees feed on thyme, and grasshoppers on dew, Thy name, thy deeds, thy glory shall abide. As Bacchus and as Ceres, so shalt thou Year after year the shepherd's vows receive ; So bind him to the letter of his vow. Mo. What can I give thee, what, for such a song ? V.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. Ill Less sweet to me the coming South-wind's sigh, The sea-wave breaking on the shore, the noise 90 Of rivers, rushing through the stony vales. Me. First I shall offer you this brittle pipe. This taught me how to sing, "For one fair face:" This taught me "Whose flock? Meliboeus's T Mo. Take thou this crook ; which oft Antigenes Asked and he then was loveable in vain; Brass-tipped and even-knotted beautiful ! 112 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. VI. ECLOGUE VI. MY muse first stooped to trifle, like the Greek's, In numbers; and, unblushing, dwelt in woods. I sang embattled kings : but Cynthius plucked My ear, and warned me: "Tityrus, fat should be A shepherd's wethers, but his lays thin-drawn." So for enough and more will strive to tell, Varus, thy deeds, and pile up grisly wars On pipe of straw will I my wood-notes sing : I sing not all unbid. Yet oh ! should one Smit by great love, should one read this my lay 10 Then with thee, Varus, shall our myrtle-groves, And all these copses, ring. Right dearly loves Phoebus the page that opens with thy name. On, sisters ! Chromis and Mnasylus saw (Two lads) Silenus in a cave asleep : As usual, swoln with yesterday's debauch. ECL. VI] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 113 Just where it fell his garland lay hard by; And on worn handle hung his ponderous can. They for the old man oft had cheated each Of promised songs draw near, and make his wreaths 20 Fetters to bind him. Mgle makes a third, (./Egle, the loveliest of the Naiad maids,) To back their fears : and, as his eyes unclose, Paints brow and temples red with mulberry. He, laughing at the trick, cries, "Wherefore weave These fetters ? Lads, unbind me : 'tis enough But to have seemed to have me in your power. Ye ask a song; then listen. You I'll pay With song: for her I've other meed in store." And forthwith he begins. Then might you see 30 Move to the music Faun and forest-beast, And tall oaks bow their heads. Not so delights Parnassus in Apollo : not so charmed At Orpheus Ehodope and Ismarus. For this he sang : How, drawn from that vast void, Gathered the germs of earth and air and sea I 114 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. VI. And liquid flame. How the Beginning sprang Thence, and the young world waxed into a ball. Then Earth, grown harder, walled the sea-god off In seas, and slowly took substantial form : 40 Till on an awed world dawned the wondrous sun, And straight from heaven, by clouds unbroken, fell The showers: as woods first bourgeoned, here and there A wild beast wandering over hills unknown. Of Pyrrha casting stones, and Saturn's reign, The stolen fire, the eagles of the rock, He sings : and then, beside what spring last seen The sailors called for Hylas till the shore All rang with * Hylas,' ' Hylas :' and consoles (Happy if horned herds never had been born,) 50 With some fair bullock's love Pasiphae. Ah ! hapless maid ! What madness this of thine ? Once a king's daughters made believe to low, And ranged the leas : but neither stooped to ask Those base beasts' love: though each had often feared To find the ploughman's gear about her neck, ECL. VI.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 115 And felt on her smooth brow for budding horns. Ah ! hapless maid ! Thou roam'st from hill to hill : He under some dark oak his snowy side Cushioned on hyacinths chews the pale -green grass, 60 Or woos some favourite from the herd. " Close, Nymphs, Dictsean Nymphs, oh close the forest-glades ! If a bull's random footprints by some chance Should greet me! Lured, may be, by greener grass, Or in the herd's wake following, vagrant kine May bring him straight into my father's fold !" Then sings he of that maid who paused to gaze At the charmed apples : and surrounds with moss, Bitter tree-moss, the daughters of the Sun, Till up they spring tall alders. Then he sings 70 How Gallus, wandering to Parnassus' stream, A sister led to the Aonian hills, And, in a mortal's honour, straight uprose The choir of Phoebus : How that priest of song, The shepherd Linus, all his hair with flowers And bitter parsley shining, spake to him. 12 116 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. VI. "Take lo! the Muses give it thee this pipe, Once that Ascraean's old : to this would he Sing till the sturdy mountain-ash came down. Sing thou on this, whence sprang folia's grove, 80 Till in no wood Apollo glory more." So on and on he sang: How Nisus, famed In story, troubled the Dulichian ships; And in the deep seas bid her sea-dogs rend The trembling sailors. Tereus' tale he told, How he was changed : what banquet Philomel, What present, decked for him : and how she flew To the far wilderness; and flying paused (Poor thing) to flutter round her ancient home. All songs which one day Phoebus sang to charmed 90 Eurotas and the laurels learnt them off He sang. The thrilled vales fling them to the stars. Till Hesper bade them house and count their flocks, And journeyed all unwelcome up the sky. ECL.VII.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 117 ECLOGUE VII. MELIBCEUS, CORYDON, THYRSIS. M. DAPHNIS was seated 'neath a murmurous oak, When Corydon and Thyrsis (so it chanced) Had driv'n their two flocks one of sheep, and one Of teeming goats together : herdsmen both, Both in life's spring, and able well to sing, Or, challenged, to reply. To that same spot I, guarding my young myrtles from the frost, Find my goat strayed, the patriarch of the herd: And straight spy Daphnis. He, espying me In turn, cries, " Meliboeus ! hither, quick ! 10 Thy goat, and kids, are safe. And if thott hast An hour to spare, sit down beneath the shade. Hither unbid will troop across the leas The kine to drink : green Mincius fringes here 118 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. VII. His banks with delicate bullmsh, and a noise Of wild bees rises from the sacred oak" What could I do? Alcippe I had none, Nor Phyllis, to shut up my new-weaned lambs : Then, there was war on foot a mighty war Thyrsis and Corydon ! So in the end 20 I made my business wait upon their sport. So singing verse for verse that well the Muse Might mark it they began their singing-match. Thus Corydon, thus Thyrsis sang in turn. (They sing) C. " Ye Fountain Nymphs, my loves ! Grant me to sing Like Codrus : next Apollo's rank his lines : Or here if all may scarce do everything I'll hang my pipe up on these sacred pines." T. " Swains ! a new minstrel deck with ivy now, Till Codrus burst with envy! Or, should he 30 Flatter overmuch, twine foxglove o'er my brow, Lest his knave's-flattery spoil the bard to be." ECL. VII.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 119 C. " ' To Dian, from young Micon : this boar's head, And these broad antlers of a veteran buck.' Full-length in marble ancle-bound with red Buskins I'll rear her, should to-day bring luck." T. "Ask but this bowl, Priapus, and this cake Each year : for poor the garden thou dost keep. Our small means made thee marble: whom we'll make Of gold, should lambing multiply our sheep." 40 C. " Maid of the seas ! more sweet than Hybla's thyme, Graceful as ivy, white as is the swan ! When home the fed flocks wend at evening's prime, Then come if aught thou car'st for Cory- don." T. " Hark ! bitterer than wormwood may I be, Bristling as broom, as drifted sea-weed cheap, If this day seem not a long year to me ! Home, home for very shame, my o'er-fed sheep !" 120 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. VII. C. "Ye mossy rills, and lawns more soft than dreams, Thinly roofed over by these leaves of green : 50 From the great heat now summer's come, now teems The jocund vine with buds my cattle screen." T. "Warm hearth, good faggots, and great fires you'll fiild In my home : black with smoke are all its planks : We laugh, who 're in it, at the chill north wind, As wolves at troops of sheep, mad streams at banks." C. " Here furry chesnuts rise and juniper : Heaped 'neath each tree the fallen apples lie: All smiles. But, once let fair Alexis stir From off these hills and lo ! the streams are dry." 60 ECL. VII] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 121 T. " Thirsts in parched lands and dies the blighted grass; Vines lend no shadow to the mountain-height ; But groves shall bloom again, when comes my lass; And in glad showers Jove descend in might." C. "Poplars Alcides likes, and Bacchus vines; Fair Venus myrtle, and Apollo bay : But while to hazel-leaves my love inclines, Nor bays nor myrtles greater are than they." T. "Fair in woods ash; and pine on garden-grass: On tall cliffs fir; by pools the poplar-tree. 70 But if thou come here oft, sweet Lycidas, Lawn-pine and mountain-ash must yield to thee." M. All this I've heard before : remember well How Thyrsis strove in vain against defeat. From that day forth 'twas 'Cory don' for me. 122 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. VIII. ECLOGUE VIII. ALPHESIBCETJS'S and Damon's muse Charmed by whose strife the steer forgot to graze ; Whose notes made lynxes motionless, and bade Rivers turn back and listen sing we next: Alphesiboeus's and Damon's muse. Winn'st thou the crags of great Timavus now, Or skirtest strands where break Illyrian seas? I know not. But oh when shall that day dawn When I may tell thy deeds? give earth thy lays, That match alone the pomp of Sophocles? 10 With thee began, with thee shall end, my song: Accept what thou didst ask; and round thy brow Twine this poor ivy with thy victor bays. 'Twas at the hour when night's cold shadow scarce Had left the skies ; when, blest by herdsmen, hangs The dewdrop on the grass; that Damon leaned On his smooth olive-staff, and thus began. ECL. VIII] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 123 " Wake, morning star ! Prevent warm day, and come ! While, duped and humbled, I because I loved Nisa with all a husband's love complain; 20 And call the gods, (though naught their cognizance Availed,) at my last hour, a dying man. a saag_aLAfcady. . ' There forests murmur aye, and pines discourse; And lovelorn swains, and Pan, who first reclaimed From idleness the reed, hath audience there. Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady. "Nisa is aught impossible in love? Is given to Mopsus. Griffins next will mate With mares: our children see the coward deer 30 Come with the hound to drink. Go, shape the torch, Mopsus! fling, bridegroom, nuts ! Thou lead'st a wife Home, and o'er (Eta peers the evening star. Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady. "Oh, mated with a worthy husband! thou 124 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. VIII. Who scorn'st mankind abhorr'st this pipe, these goats Of mine, and shaggy brows, and hanging beard: Nor think'st that gods can see what mortals do! Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady. "Within our orchard- walls I saw thee first, 40 A wee child with her mother (I was sent To guide you) gathering apples wet with dew. Ten years and one I scarce had numbered then; Could scarce on tiptoe reach the brittle boughs. I saw, I fell, I was myself no more. Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady. "Now know I what love is. On hard rocks born Tmaros, or Rhodope, or they who dwell In utmost Africa do father him; No child of mortal blood or lineage. 50 Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady. " In her son's blood a mother dipped her hands At fierce love's bidding. Hard was her heart too ECL. VIIL] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 125 Which harder? her heart or that knavish boy's? Knavish the boy, and hard was her heart too. Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady. "Now let the wolf first turn and fly the sheep: Hard oaks bear golden apples: daffodil Bloom on the alder: and from myrtle-stems Ooze richest amber. Let owls vie with swans; And be as Orpheus Orpheus in the woods, Arion with the dolphins every swain, (Begin, my flute, a song of Arcady) And earth become mid ocean. Woods, farewell ! Down from some breezy mountain height to the waves I'll fling me. Take this last gift ere I die. Unlearn, my flute, the songs of Arcady." Thus Damon. How the other made reply Sing, sisters. Scarce may all do everything. A. "Fetch water: wreathe yon altar with soft wool: 70 12G VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. VIII. And burn rich vervain and brave frankincense : That I may try my lord's clear sense to warp With dark rites. Naught is lacking SB.VQ the songs. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. " Songs can bring down the very moon from heaven. Circe with songs transformed Ulysses' crew. Songs shall in sunder burst the cold grass- snake. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. "Three threads about thee, of three several hues, I twine; and thrice (odd numbers please the god) 80 Carry thy image round the altar-stones. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. "Weave, Amaryllis, in three knots three hues. ECL. VIII.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 127 Just weave and say 'I'm weaving chains of love.' Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. "As this clay hardens, melts this wax, at one And the same flame: so Daphnis 'neath my love. Strew meal, and light with pitch the crackling bay. Daphnis burns me ; for Daphnis burn these bays. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. 90 "Be his such longing as the heifer feels, When, faint with seeking her lost mate through copse And deepest grove, beside some water-brook In the green grass she sinks in her despair, Nor cares to yield possession to the night. Be his such longing: mine no wish to heal. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. "Pledges of love, these clothes the traitor once Bequeathed me. I commit them, Earth, to thee Here at my threshold. He is bound by these. 100 Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. 128 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [EcL. VIII. "These deadly plants great Mceris gave to me, In Pontus plucked : in Pontus thousands grow. By their aid have I seen him skulk in woods A wolf, unsepulchre the buried dead, And charm to other fields the standing corn. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. "Go, Amaryllis, ashes in thy hand: Throw them and look not backwards o'er thy head Into a running stream. These next I'll try no On Daphnis ; who regards not gods nor songs. Bring, songs, bring Daphnis from the city home. "See! While I hesitate, a quivering flame Hath clutched the wood, self-issuing from the ash, May this mean good ! Something for Hylas too Barks at the gate it must mean. Is it true? Or are we lovers dupes of our own dreams? Cease, songs, cease. Daphnis comes from the city home !" ECL. IX.] VIRGIL'S .ECLOGUES. ECLOGUE IX. LYCIDAS. MCEEIS. L. MCERIS, on foot? and on the road to town? M. Oh Lycidas ! we live to tell, how one (Who dreamed of this?) a stranger holds our farm, And says, "'Tis mine: its ancient lords, begone !" Beaten, cast down for Chance is lord of all We send him bootlessly mayhap these kids, L. Yet all, I heard, from where we lose yon hills, With gradual bend down-sloping to the brook, And those old beeches, broken columns now, Had your Menalcas rescued by his songs. 10 M. Thou heardst. Fame said so. But our songs avail, Mosris, no more 'mid warspears than, they say, Dodona's doves may, when the eagle stoops. A boding raven from a rifted oak K 130 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. IX. Warned me, by this means or by that to nip This strange strife in the *bud : or dead were now Thy Moeris; dead were great Menalcas too. L. Could such curse fall on man? Had we so near Lost thee, Menalcas, and thy pleasantries? Who then would sing the nymphs ? Who strow with flowers 20 The ground, or train green darkness o'er the springs ? And oh ! that song, which I (saying ne'er a word) Copied one day (while thou wert off to see Ny darling, Amaryllis,) from thy notes: "Feed, while I journey but a few short steps, Tityrus, my goats: and, Tityrus, when they've fed, Lead them to drink : and cross not by the way The he-goat's path : his horns are dangerous." M. But that to Varus, that unfinished one! " Varus ! thy name, if Mantua still be ours 30 (Mantua ! to poor Cremona all too near,) ECL. IX.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 131 Shall tuneful swans exalt unto the stars." L. Begin, if in thee 's aught. So may not yews Of Cyrnus lure thy bees : so, clover-fed, Thy cattle teem with milk. Me too the muse Hath made a minstrel : I have songs ; and me The swains call 'poet.' But I heed them not. For scarce yet sing I as the great ones sing, But, a goose, cackle among piping swans. M. Indeed, I am busy turning o'er and o'er 40' In hopes to recollect it in my brain A song, and not a mean one, Lycidas. " Come, Galatea ! sport'st thou in the waves ? Here spring is purpling; thick by river-banks Bloom the gay flowers ; white poplar climbs above The caves, and young vines plait a roof between. Come! and let mad seas beat against the shore." L. What were those lines that once I heard thee sing, All uncompanioned on a summer night I know the music, if I had the words. 50 K2 132 YIEGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. IX. M. " Daphnis ! why watch those old-world planets rise? Lo ! onward marches sacred Caesar's star, The star that made the valleys laugh with corn. And grapes grow ruddier upon sunny hills. Sow, Daphnis, pears, whereof thy sons shall eat." Time carries all our memories e'en away. Well I remember now my boyish songs Would oft outlast the livelong summer day. And now they're all forgot. His very voice Hath Mosris lost : on Moeris wolves have looked. 60 But oft thou 'It hear them from Menalcas yet. L. Thy pleas but draw my passion out. And lo ! All hushed to listen is the wide sea-floor, And laid the murmurings of the soughing winds. And now we're half-way there. I can descry Bianor's grave. Here, Mceris, where the swains Are raking off the thick leaves, let us sing. Or, if we fear lest night meanwhile bring up The rain clouds, singing let us journey on ECL. IX.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 133 (The way will seem less tedious) journey on Singing : and I will ease thee of thy load. M. Cease, lad. We'll do what lies before us now: Then sing our best, when comes the Master home. 134 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. X. ECLOGUE X. GALLUS. OH Arethuse, let this last task be mine! One song a song Lycoris' self may read My Gallus asks: who'd grudge one song to him! So, when thou slid'st beneath Sicilian seas, May ne'er salt Doris mix her stream with thine : Begin : and sing while yon blunt muzzles search The underwood of Gallus torn by love. We lack not audience: woods take up the notes. Where were ye, Naiad nymphs, in grove or glen, When Gallus died of unrequited love? 10 Not heights of Pindus or Parnassus, no Aonian Aganippe kept ye then. Him e'en the laurels wept and myrtle-groves. Stretched 'neath the lone cliff, piny Maenalus And chill Lycaeum's stones all wept for him. The sheep stood round. They think not scorn of us ; And think not scorn, priest of song, of them. Sheep fair Adonis fed beside the brooks. ECL. X.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 135 The shepherds came. The lazy herdsmen came. Came, from the winter acorns dripping-wet, 20 Menalcas. " Whence," all ask, "this love of thine?" Apollo came: and, "Art thou mad," he saith, "Gallus? Thy love, through bristling camps and snows, Tracks now another's steps." Silvanus came, Crowned with his woodland glories : to and fro Rocked the 'great lilies and the fennel bloom. Pan came, Arcadia's Pan: (I have seen him, red With elder-berries and with cinnabar:) "Is there no end?" quoth he: "Love heeds not this: Tears sate not cruel Love: nor rills the leas, 30 Nor the bees clover, nor green boughs the goat. But he rejoins sad-faced: "Yet sing this song * Upon your hills, Arcadians ! none but ye Can sing. Oh ! pleasantly will rest my bones, If pipe of yours shall one day tell my loves. Oh ! had I been as you are ! kept your flocks, Or gleaned, a vintager, your mellow grapes! A Phyllis, an Amyntas whom you will Had been my passion what if he be dark ? Violets are dark and hyacinths are dark. 40 136 VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. [ECL. X. And now should we be sitting side by side, Willows around us and a vine o'erhead, He carolling, or plucking garlands she. Here are cold springs, Lycoris, and soft lawns, And woods : with thee I'd here decay and die. Now, for grim war accoutred, all for love, In the fray's centre I await the foe: Thou, in a far land out the very thought ! Gazest (ah wilful !) upon Alpine snows And the froz'n Rhine without me all alone ! 50 May that frost harm not thee ! that jagged ice Cut ne'er thy dainty feet! I'll go, and play My stores of music fashioned for the lyre Of Chalcis on the pipe of A ready. My choice is made. In woods, mid wild beasts' dens, I'll bear my love, and carve it on the trees : That with their growth, my loves may grow and grow. Banded with nymphs I'll roam o'er Maenalus, Or hunt swift boars; and circle with my dogs, Unrecking of the cold, Parthenia's glades. 60 Already over crag and ringing grove I am borne in fancy: laugh as I let loose ECL. X.] VIRGIL'S ECLOGUES. 137 The Cretan arrow from the Parthian bow: Pooh! will this heal thy madness? will that god Learn mercy from the agonies of men? Tis past: again nymphs, music, fail to please. Again I bid the very woods begone. No deed of mine can change him: tho' I drink Hebrus in mid December: tho' I plunge In snows of Thrace, the dripping winter's snows : 70 Tho', when the parched bark dies on the tall elm, 'Neath Cancer's star I tend the JSthiop's sheep. Love 's lord of all. Let me too yield to Love. * * * * Sung are, oh holy ones, your minstrel's songs: Who sits here framing pipes with slender reed. In Gallus' eyes will ye enhance their worth: Gallus for whom each hour my passion grows, As swell green alders when the spring is young. I rise. The shadows are the singer's bane : Baneful the shadow of the juniper. 80 Ken the flocks like not shadow. Go the star Of morning breaks go home, my full-fed sheep. NOTE our ECLOGUE III. 78, 79. Putting the vocative "lolla" in line 79, as Mr Kennedy does, into the mouth of Menalcas, not of Phyllis, I would substitute these lines for my original ones : Phillis is my dear love. She wept when I (Yes I, lollas,) left her : and " Good-bye ", She said, "lollas fair; a long Good-bye". FEOM HORACE'S ODES. FROM HORACE'S ODES. BOOK I. ODE 9. To THALIARCHUS. ONE dazzling mass of solid snow Soracte stands; the bent woods fret Beneath their load ; and, sharpest-set With frost, the streams have ceased to flow. Pile on great faggots and break up The ice: let influence more benign Enter with four-years-treasured wine, Fetched in the ponderous Sabine cup: H2 HORACE'S ODES. [B K . I. Leave to the gods all else. When they Have once bid rest the winds that war Over the passionate seas, no more Grey ash and cypress rock and sway. Ask not what future suns shall bring. Count to-day gain, whate'er it chance To be : nor, young man, scorn the dance, Nor deem sweet Love an idle thing, Ere Time thy April youth hath changed To sourness. Park and public walk Attract thee now, and whispered talk At twilight meetings pre-arranged; Hear now the pretty laugh that tells In what dim corner lurks thy love ; And snatch a bracelet or a glove From wrist or hand that scarce rebels. ODE 11.] HOKACE'S ODES. 143- ODE 11. To LEUCONOE. SEEK not, for thou shalt not find it, what my end, what thine shall be; Ask not of Chaldsea's science what God wills, Leuconoe : Better far, what comes, to bear it. Haply many a wintry blast Waits thee still ; and this, it may be, Jove ordains to be thy last, Which flings now the flagging sea-wave on the obstinate sandstone-reef. Be thou wise: fill up the wine-cup; shortening, since the time is brief, Hopes that reach into the future. While I speak, hath stol'n away Jealous Time. Mistrust To-morrow, catch the blos- som of To-day. H4 HORACE'S ODES. [BiL I. ODE 14. To A SHIP. YET on fresh billows seaward wilt thou ride, ship ? What dost thou ? Seek a hav'n, and there Rest thee : for lo ! thy side Is oarless all and bare, And the swift south-west wind hath maimed thy mast, And thy yards creak, and, every cable lost, Yield must thy keel at last On tyrannous sea-waves tossed Too rudely. Goodly canvass is not thine, Nor gods, to hear thee when thy need is sorest : True, thou a Pontic pine, Child of a stately forest Boast'st rank and empty name : but little trust The frightened seamen in a painted stern. Stay or be mocked thou must By every wind in turn. ODE 14.] HORACE'S ODES. 145 Flee what of late sore burden was to me, Now a sad memory and a bitter pain, Those shining Cyclads flee, That stud the far-off main. 146 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. I. ODE 24. To VIRGIL. UNSHAMED, unchecked, for one so dear We sorrow. Lead the mournful choir, Melpomene, to whom thy sire Gave harp, and song-notes liquid-clear! Sleeps He the sleep that knows no morn? Oh Honour, oh twin-born with Right Pure Faith, and Truth that loves the light, When shall again his like be born? Many a kind heart for Him makes moan ; Thine, Virgil, first. But ah ! in vain Thy love bids heaven restore again That which it took not as a loan : ODE 24.] HOE ACE'S ODES. 147 Were sweeter lute than Orpheus given To thee, did trees thy voice obey ; The blood revisits not the clay Which He, with lifted wand, hath driven Into his dark assemblage, who Unlocks not fate to mortal's prayer. Hard lot ! Yet light their griefs who BEAR The ills, which they may not undo. L2 148 HORACE'S ODES. [Bx. I. ODE 28. To ARCHYTAS. MEASURER of earth and ocean and the multitudi- nous sand, Scant the grains of tributary dust, Lack whereof, Archytas, holds thee captive on Apu- lia's strand. Vainly in his wisdom did he trust, Who could journey disembodied o'er the firmament, and stand At the gates of heaven; for die he must. Perished thus the sire of Pelops, messmate of the gods above: Thus Tithonus, caught into the air: Minos too, the man admitted to the hidden things of Jove. Panthous' son himself is prisoner there ODE 28.] HORACE'S ODES. 149 Jn those shades twice doomed to Orcus: tho' the letters on the shield Proved how he had lived in Ilion's day, Nor had aught, save skin and sinew, unto grim death deigned to yield. No mean "scholar he, e'en thou would'st say, In the lore of truth and nature. But the fate of all is sealed : All must tread, unlighted, death's highway. Into grisly War's arena some are by the Furies flung: 'Neath the hungry sea-wave some He dead : Fused in undistinguished slaughter die the old man and the young: Spares not Hell's fierce queen a single head. Me too westward-bound Orion's constant mate, the South-west-wind, Whelmed but lately in the Illyrian wave : And, oh mariner, deny not to a dead man's bones unkind, And a head that must not own a grave One scant heap of homeless sea-sand. So whene'er the Eastern gale 150 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. I. Chides the South seas, may his fury lay Green Etruria's woods in ruin, sparing thee: so many a bale Drop to thee, whence only drop it may, From great Jove, and Neptune watching o'er Ta- rentum's holy soil. Wilt commit, unrecking, an offence Which shall harm thy innocent offspring ? On thine own head may recoil Righteous vengeance, and a recompense That shall bow thy pride. Abandoned, unavenged, I will not be : For such crime no offerings shall atone. Though mayhap thy time is precious, small the boon I ask of thee : Throw three handfuls o'er me, and begone. ODE 38.] HORACE'S ODES. 151 ODE 38. To HIS SLAVE. PEKSIAN grandeur I abhor; Linden- wreathed crowns, avaunt : Boy, I bid thee not explore Woods which latest roses haunt : Try on naught thy busy craft Save plain myrtle ; so arrayed Thou shalt fetch, I drain, the draught Fitliest 'neaththe scant vine-shade. 152 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. III. BOOK III. ODE 1. I SCOKN and shun the rabble's noise. Abstain from idle talk. A thing That ear hath not yet heard, I sing, The Muses' priest, to maids and boys. To Jove the flocks which great kings sway, To Jove great kings allegiance owe. Praise him : he laid the giants low : All things that are, his nod obey. This man may plant in broader lines His fruit-trees : that, the pride of race Enlists a candidate for place : In worth, in fame, a third outshines His mates; or, thronged with clients, claims Precedence. Even-handed Fate Hath but one law for small and great : That ample urn holds all men's names. ODE 1.] HORACE'S ODES. 153 He o'er whose doomed neck hangs the sword Unsheathed, the dainties of the South Shall lack their sweetness in his mouth : No note of bird or harpsichord Shall bring him Sleep. Yet Sleep is kind, Nor scorns the huts of labouring men ; The bank where shadows play, the glen Of Tempe dancing in the wind. He, who but asks 'Enough/ defies Wild waves to rob him of his ease ; He fears no rude shocks, when he sees Arcturus set or Hsedus rise : When hailstones lash his vines, or fails His farm its promise, now of rains And now of stars that parch the plains Complaining, or unkindly gales. In straitened seas the fish are pent ; For dams are sunk into the deep: Pile upon pile the builders heap, And he, whom earth could not content, 154 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. III. The Master. Yet shall Fear and Hate Climb where the Master climbs : nor e'er From the armed trireme parts black Care ; He sits behind, the horseman's mate. And if red marble shall not ease The heartache; nor the shell that shines Star-bright ; nor all Falernum's vines, All scents that charmed Achsemenes : Why should I rear me halls of rare Design, on proud shafts mounting high? Why bid my Sabine vale goodbye For doubled wealth and doubled care? ODE 2.] HORACE'S ODES. 155 ODE 2. FRIEND ! with a poor man's straits to fight Let warfare teach thy stalwart boy : Let him the Parthian's front annoy With lance in rest, a dreaded knight : Live in the field, inure his eye To danger. From the foeman's wall May the armed tyrant's dame, with all Her damsels, gaze on him, and sigh, "Dare not, in war unschooled, to rouse Yon Lion whom to touch is death, To whom red Anger ever saith, 'Slay and slay on' O prince, my spouse!" Honoured and blest the patriot dies. From death the recreant may not flee : Death shall not spare the faltering knee And coward back of him that flies. 156 HORACE'S ODES. [En. 111. Valour imbeat, unsullied still Shines with pure lustre : all too great To seize or drop the sword of state, Swayed by a people's veering will. Valour to souls too great for death Heav'n op'ning treads the untrodden way : And this dull world, this damp cold clay, On wings of scorn, abandoneth. Let too the sealed lip honoured be. The babbler, who'd the secrets tell Of holy Ceres, shall not dwell Where I dwell; shall not launch with me A shallop. Heaven full many a time Hath with the unclean slain the just : And halting-footed Vengeance must O'ertake at last the steps of crime. ODE 3.] HORACE'S ODES. 157 ODE 3. THE just man's single-purposed mind Not furious mobs that prompt to ill May move, nor kings' frowns shake his will Which is as rock; not warrior winds That keep the seas in wild unrest; Nor bolt by Jove's own finger hurled : The fragments of a shivered world Would crash round him still self-possest. Jove's wandering son reached, thus endowed, The fiery bastions of the skies ; Thus Pollux ; with them Caesar lies Beside his nectar, radiant-browed. Honoured for this, by tigers drawn Rode Bacchus, reining necks before Untamed; for this War's horses bore Quirinus up from Acheron. 158 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. Ill To the pleased gods had Juno said In conclave: "Troy is in the dust; Troy, by a judge accursed, unjust, And that strange woman prostrated. " The day Laomedon ignored His god-pledged word, resigned to me And Pallas ever pure, was she, Her people, and their traitor lord. "Now the Greek woman's guilty guest Dazzles no more : Priam's perjured sons Find not against the mighty ones Of Greece a shield in Hector's breast : "And, long drawn out by private jars, The war sleeps. Lo ! my wrath is o'er : And him the Trojan vestal bore (Sprung of that hated line) to Mars, "To Mars restore I. His be rest In halls of light : by him be drained The nectar-bowl, his place obtained In the calm companies of the blest. ODE 3.] HORACE'S ODES. 159 "While betwixt Rome and Ilion raves A length of ocean, where they will Rise empires for the exiles still : While Paris's and Priam's graves "Are trod by kine, and she- wolves breed Securely there, unharmed shall stand Rome's lustrous Capitol, her hand Curb with proud laws the trampled Mede. " Wide-feared, to far-off climes be borne Her story ; where the central main Europe and Libya parts in twain, Where full Nile laves a land of corn : " The buried secret of the mine, (Best left there) let her dare to spurn, Nor unto man's base uses turn Profane hands laying on things divine. "Earth's utmost end, where'er it be, Let her hosts reach ; careering proud O'er lands where watery rain and cloud, Or where wild suns hold revelry. 160 HORACE'S ODES. [Ex. III. " But, to the warriors of Rome, Tied by this law, such fates are willed ; That they seek never to rebuild, Too fond, too bold, their grandsires' home. " With darkest omens, deadliest strife, Shall Troy, raised up again, repeat Her history; I the victor-fleet Shall lead, Jove's sister and his wife. "Thrice let Apollo rear the wall Of brass ; and thrice my Greeks shall hew The fabric down; thrice matrons rue In chains their sons', their husbands' fall." Ill my light lyre such notes beseem. Stay, Muse ; nor, wayward still, rehearse Sayings of Gods in meagre verse That may but mar a mighty theme. ODE 4.] HORACE'S ODES. ODE 4, COME, Music's Queen, from yonder sphere : Bid thy harp speak : sing high and higher- Or take Apollo's lute and lyre, And play, and cease not. Did ye hear? Or is some sweet Delusion mine? I seem to hear, to stray beside Groves that are holy; whither glide Fair brooks, where breezes are benign. Me, on mount Vultur once a lad, O'ercome with sleepiness and play (I had left Apulia miles away, That nursed me) doves from Fayland clad With leaflets. Marvelled all whose nest Is Acherontia's cliff; who fell The Bantine forest trees, or dwell On rich Ferentium's lowly breast; M 162 HORACE'S ODES. [Bit. III. How I could sleep, unharmed by bear Or dusky serpent. There I lay, In myrtle hid and holy bay, A lusty babe, the Great ones' care. Yours, Sisters, yours, the Sabine hills I climb : at cool Prseneste yours, Yours by flat Tibur, or the shores Of Baise. I have loved your rills, Your choirs: for this Philippi's slaughter, When fled our captains, harmed not me ; I died not 'neath the cursed tree, Nor sank in Palinurus' water: Be with me still : and, fears at rest, I'll launch on raving Bosphorus, stand Upon Assyria's sultry sand, With Britons mate, who slay the guest, Sit down with Spaniards, wild to sate Their thirst with horses' blood; or roam Far o'er the quivered Scythian's home By Tanais' banks, inviolate. ODE 4.] HORACE'S ODES. 163 High Caesar ye (his war-worn braves Safe housed at last in thorpe and town) Asking to lay his labours down, Make welcome in Pierian caves. Kind ones! Ye give sweet counsel, love Its givers. We know how He slew The Titans, and their hideous crew, Hurling his thunder from above, Who the dull earth, the windy sea, The cities, and the realms of woe, And gods above, and men below, Rules, and none other, righteously. In truth Jove's terrors had been great; So bold a front those warriors shewed Those brethren, on his dark abode Striving to pile all Pelion's weight. But Mimas and Typhoeus were As naught, and huge Porphyrion too, And Rhoecus, and the arm that threw, Undaunted, tree- trunks through the air; M2 164 HORACE'S ODES. [B K . III. With ringing shield when Pallas met Their rush. Hot Vulcan too stood there, And Juno sage, and he, who ne'er Eased from the bow his shoulder yet ; Who bathes in pure Castalian dew His locks; in Lycian bowers adored, And his own woods, Apollo, lord Of Delos and of Patara too. Brute force its own bulk foils. But force By reason led, the gods make great And greater; while the strong they hate, Whose brain revolves each evil course. This Gyas, hundred-armed, could tell; And that Orion, who with wild Violence assailed the Undefiled, And by Diana's arrows fell. Earth, grieved, her monster brood entombed : Mourns them, by Jove's bolts hurled to hell. Still living fires 'neath ^Etna dwell, Yet ^tna still is unconsumed : ODE 4.] HORACE'S ODES. 165 O'er wanton Tityus' heart the bird, That miscreant's gaoler, still doth hover; And still Pirithous, lawless lover, Do thrice a hundred fetters gird. 166 HORACE'S ODES. [B K . III. ODE 5. JOVE we call King, whose bolts rive heaven : Then a god's presence shall be felt In Caesar, with whose power the Celt And Parthian stout in vain have striven. Could Crassus' men wed alien wives, And greet, as sons-in-law, the foe? In the foes' land (oh Romans, oh Lost honour!) end, in shame, their lives, 'Neath the Mede's sway? They, Marsians and Apulians shields and rank and name Forgot, and that undying flame And Jove still reign, and Rome still stand? This thing wise Regulus could presage: He brooked not base conditions; he Set not a precedent to be The ruin of a coming age : ODE 5.] HORACE'S ODES. 1G7 " No," cried he, " let the captives die, Spare not. I saw Rome's ensigns hung In Punic shrines ; with sabres, flung Down by Rome's sons ere blood shed. I " Saw our free citizens with hands Fast pinioned; and, through portals now Flung wide, our soldiers troop to plough, As once they trooped to waste, the lands. " ' Bought by our gold, our men will fight But keener.' What? To shame would you Add loss? As wool, its natural hue Once gone, may not be painted white ; "True Valour, from her seat once thrust, Is not replaced by meaner wares. Do stags, delivered from the snares, Fight ? Then shaU he fight, who did trust " His life to foes who spoke a lie : And his sword shatter Carthage yet, Around whose arms the cords have met, A sluggard soul, that feared to die ! 168 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. III. " Life, howe'er bought, he treasured : he Deemed war a thing of trade. Ah fie ! Great art thou, Carthage towerest high O'er shamed and ruined Italy!" As one uncitizen'd men said He put his wife's pure kiss away, His little children ; and did lay Stern in the dust his manly head : Till those unequalled words had lent Strength to the faltering sires of Rome; Then from his sorrowstricken home Went forth to glorious banishment. Yet knew he, what wild tortures lay Before him : knowing, put aside His kin, his countrymen who tried To bar his path, and bade him stay : He might be hastening on his way, A lawyer freed from business down To green Venafrum, or a town Of Sparta, for a holiday. ODE 6.] HOKACE'S ODES. 169 ODE 6. THOU 'It rue thy fathers' sins, not thine, Till built the temples be, replaced The statues, foul and smoke-defaced,- Roman, and reared each tottering shrine. Thou rul'st but under heaven's hand. Thence all beginnings come, all ends. Neglected, mark what woes it sends On this our miserable land. Twice Pacorus and Monseses foiled Our luckless onset : huge their glee, When to their necklaces they see Hanging the wealth of Rome despoiled. Dacian and ^Ethiop nigh laid low Our state, with civil feuds o'errun ; One with his fleet, dismayed her, one Smote her .with arrows from his bow. 170 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. III. A guilty age polluted first Our beds, hearths, families : from that source Derived, the foul stream, gathering force, O'er the broad land, a torrent, burst. Pleased, now, the maiden learns to move To soft Greek airs : already knows Fresh from the nursery how to pose Her graceful limbs ; and dreams of love : Next, while her lord drinks deep, invites Her gallants in : nor singles one, Into whose guilty arms to run, Stealthy and swift, when dim the lights: No I in her lord's sight up springs she : Alike at some small tradesman's beck, As his who walks a Spanish deck And barters wealth for infamy. Were those lads of such parents bred Who dyed the seas with Punic blood? Pyrrhus, Antiochus withstood, And Hannibal, the nation's dread? ODE 6.] HORACE'S ODES. 171 Rude soldiers' sons, a rugged kind, They brake the soil with Sabine spade : Or shouldered stakes their axe had made To a right rigorous mother's mind, What time the shadows of the rocks Change, as the sun's departing car Sends on the hours that sweetest are, And men unyoke the wearied ox. Time mars not what? A spoiler he. Our sires were not so brave a breed As their sires: we, a worse, succeed; To raise up sons more base than we. 172 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. III. ODE 13. j To THE FOUNTAIN OF BANDUSIA. BANDUSIA, stainless mirror of the sky ! Thine is the flower-crown'd bowl, for thee shall die, When dawns yon sun, the kid; Whose horns, half-seen, half-hid, Challenge to dalliance or to strife. in vain! Soon must the firstling of the wild herd be slain, And those cold springs of thine With blood incarnadine. Fierce glows the Dogstar, but his fiery beam Toucheth not thee : still grateful thy cool stream To labour-wearied ox, Or wanderer from the flocks : And henceforth thou shalt be a royal fountain: My harp shall tell how from yon cavernous mountain, Where the brown oak grows tallest, All babblingly thou fallest. ODE 18.] HORACE'S ODES. 173 ODE 18. To A FAUN. WOOER of young Nymphs who fly thee, Lightly o'er my sunlit lawn, Trip, and go, nor injured by thee Be my weanling herds, Faun : If the kid his doomed head bows, and Brims with wine the loving cup, When the year is full ; and thousand Scents from altars hoar go up. Each flock in the rich grass gambols When the month comes which is thine ; And. the happy village rambles Field ward with the idle kine : Lambs play on, the wolf their neighbour : Wild woods deck thee with their spoil; And with glee the sons of labour Stamp upon their foe the soil. 174 HORACE'S ODES. [BK. IV. BOOK IV. ODE 13. To LYCE. LYCE, the gods have listened to my prayer: The gods have listened, Lyce. Thou art grey, And still would'st thou seem fair; Still unshamed drink, and play, And, wine-flushed, woo slow-answering Love with weak Shrill pipings. With young Chia He doth dwell,. Queen of the harp ; her cheek Is his sweet citadel : He marked the withered oak, and on he flew Intolerant; shrank from Lyce grim and wrinkled, Whose teeth are ghastly-blue, Whose temples snow-besprinkled : ODE 13.] HORACE'S ODES. 175 Not purple, not the brightest gem that glows, Brings back to her the years which, fleeting fast, Time hath once shut in those Dark annals of the Past. Oh, where is all thy loveliness? soft hue And motions soft? Oh, what of Her doth rest, Her, who breathed love, who drew My heart out of my breast? Fair, and far-famed, and subtly sweet, thy face Ranked next to Cinara's. But to Cinara fate Gave but a few years' grace ; And lets live, all too late, Lyce, the rival of the beldam crow : That fiery youth may see with scornful brow The torch that long ago Beamed bright, a cinder now. 176 HORACE'S ODES. [Ep. 2. EPODE 2. " HAPPY who far from turmoil, like the men That lived in days gone by, With his own oxen ploughs his native glen, Nor dreams of usury ! Him the fierce clarion summons not to war; He dreads not angry seas : The courts the stately citizens' proud door He gets him far from these. His maiden-vines it is his gentle craft With poplars tall to wed: Or the rank outgrowth lopping off, ingraft Fair branches in its stead; To watch his kine, that wander, lowing, far Into the valley deep : Store the prest honey in the taintless jar, Or shear his tender sheep. And soon as Autumn, with fair fruitage tricked, Peeps o'er the fallows bare ; Then with what glee his purpling grape is picked, And newly-grafted pear, EP. 2.] HORACE'S ODES. 177 For you, Priapus and Silvanus strict Guard of his land to share. Now 'neath an ancient oak, entangled now In green grass, will he lie ; Where streams go by bank-hidden; from the bough Is heard the wood-birds' cry; And brawls the clear brook, as if seeking how To sing him lullaby. But when the wintry skies Jove's thunder fives, And down the snow-storms pour ; Towards the set pit-fall, doubling oft, he drives The hound-encompassed boar : Or with smooth rods his web of nets prepares, The fat thrush to surprise ; Or nooses stranger cranes, or frightened hares Either a glorious prize ! Who, with such pleasures round him, for the cares That fret a lover sighs ? "Does a pure wife his household cares divide, Watch his sweet little ones ; (The Sabine's thus and swift Apulian's bride Toiled 'neath Apulia's suns;) H 178 HORACE'S ODES. [Ep. 2. The sacred hearth with seasoned faggots heap, When her tired lord draws nigh ; And hurdling, nothing loth, her folded sheep, Drain their great udders dry : Then the last vintage draw from the sweet cask, To grace the home-made feast? For Lucrine purple-fish I shall not ask, Nor turbots from the East: Not char, which thundering first o'er other seas Storms carried to our shore, Not woodcocks from Ionia would please, Or hens from Guinea, more My taste ; than oil that, in the rich boughs hid, Her hands did thence obtain; And meadow-dock, and mallow that can rid Our suffering frames from pain, With lamb that bled for Terminus ; and kid By wolves so nearly slain! "So banqueting, how sweet to notice how The fed ewes homeward fare : How oxen, half asleep, the inverted plough On drooping shoulders bear; EP. 2.] HORACE'S ODES. 179 And slaves sure signs of wealth ranged idle now, Swarm round the glad hearth's glare P So did the money-lender Appius speak, Resolved to be a swain, And got his money in. Wiihin a week Would put it out again. N2 / CTNIVERSIT 180 TRANSLATIONS. [GEORG. III. THE DEAD OX. FROM VIRGIL, GEORG. III. Lo ! smoking in the stubborn plough, the ox Falls, from his lip foam gushing crimson-stained, And sobs his life out. Sad of face the ploughman Moves, disentangling from his comrade's corpse The lone survivor: and its work half-done, Abandoned in the furrow stands the plough. Not shadiest forest-depths, not softest lawns, May move him now: not river amber-pure, That tumbles o'er the cragstones to the plain. Powerless the broad sides, glazed the rayless eye, And low and lower sinks the ponderous neck. What thank hath he for all the toil he toiled, The heavy-clodded land in man's behoof GEORG. III.] VIRGIL. 181 Upturning? Yet the grape of Italy, The stored-up feast hath wrought no harm to him: Green leaf and taintless grass are all their fare ; The clear rill or the travel-freshened stream Their cup: nor one care mars their honest sleep. 182 TRANSLATIONS. [Aj. SPEECH OF AJAX. SOPH. AJ. 645. ALL strangest things the multitudinous years Bring forth, and shadow from us all we know. Falter alike great oath and steeled resolve; And none shall say of aught, "This may not be." Lo! I myself, but yesterday so strong, As new-dipt steel am weak and all unsexed By yonder woman: yea I mourn for them, Widow and orphan, left amid their foes. But I will journey seaward where the shore Lies meadow-fringed so haply wash away My sin, and flee that wrath that weighs me down. And, lighting somewhere on an untrodden way, I will bury this my lance, this hateful thing, AJ.] SOPHOCLES. 183 Deep in some earth-hole where no eye shall see Night and Hell keep it in the underworld! For never to this day, since first I grasped The gift that Hector gave, my bitterest foe, Have I reaped aught of honour from the Greeks. So true that byword in the mouths of men, "A foeman's gifts are no gifts, but a curse." Wherefore henceforward shall I know that God Is great; and strive to honour Atreus' sons. Princes they are, and should be obeyed. How else? Do not all terrible and most puissant things Yet bow to loftier majesties? The Winter, Who walks forth scattering snows, gives place anon To fruitage-laden Summer; and the orb Of weary Night doth in her turn stand by, And let shine out, with his white steeds, the Day. Stern tempest-blasts at last sing lullaby To groaning seas: even the archtyrant, Sleep, Doth loose his slaves, not hold them chained for ever. And shall not mankind too learn discipline? 184 TRANSLATIONS. [Aj. / know, of late experience taught, that him Who is my foe I must but hate as one Whom I may yet call Friend: and him who loves me Will I but serve and cherish as a man Whose love is not abiding. Few be they Who, reaching Friendship's port, have there found rest. But, for these things, they shall be well. Go thou, Lady, within, and there pray that the Gods May fill unto the full my heart's desire. And ye, my mates, do unto me with her Like honour: bid young Teucer, if he come, To care for me, but to be your friend still. For where my way leads, thither I shall go: Do ye my bidding; haply ye may hear, Though now is my dark hour, that I have peace. LUCRETIUS. 185* FROM LUCRETIUS. BOOK II. SWEET, when the great sea's water is stirred to his depths by the storm-winds, Standing ashore to descry one afar-off mightily struggling : Not that a neighbour's sorrow to you yields dulcet enjoyment ; But that the sight hath a sweetness, of ills our- selves are exempt from. Sweet 'tis too to behold, on a broad plain mustering, war-hosts Arm them for some great battle, one's self un- scathed by the danger : Yet still happier this : To possess, impregnably guarded, Those calm heights of the sages, which have for an origin Wisdom ; Thence to survey our fellows, observe them this way and that way 186* TRANSLATIONS. Wander amidst Life's paths, poor stragglers seeking a highway : Watch mind battle with mind, and escutcheon rival escutcheon ; Gaze on that untold strife, which is waged 'neath the sun and the starlight, Up as they toil on the surface whereon rest Riches and Empire. O race born unto trouble ! O minds all lacking of eyesight ! 'Neath what a vital darkness, amidst how terrible dangers, Move ye thro' this thing, Life, this fragment ! Fools, that ye hear not Nature clamour aloud for the one thing only ; that, all pain Parted and past from the Body, the Mind too bask in a blissful Dream, all fear of the future and all anxiety over ! Now, as regards Man's Body, a few things only are needful, (Few, tho' we sum up all,) to remove all misery from him ; LUCRETIUS. 187* Aye, and to strew in his path such a lib'ral carpet of pleasures, That scarce Nature herself would at times ask happiness ampler. Statues of youth and of beauty may not gleam golden around him, (Each in his right hand bearing a great lamp lustrously burning, Whence to the midnight revel a light may be furnished always) ; Silver may not shine softly, nor gold blaze bright, in his mansion, Nor to the noise of the tabret his halls gold-corniced echo : Yet still he, with his fellow, reposed on the velvety greensward, Near to a rippling stream, by a tall tree canopied over, Shall, though they lack great riches, enjoy all bodily pleasure. Chiefliest then, when above them a fair sky smiles, and the young year Flings with a bounteous hand over each green meadow the wild-flowers : 1SS* TRANSLATIONS. Not more quickly depart from his bosom fiery fevers, Who beneath crimson hangings and pictures cun- ningly broidered Tosses about, than from him who must lie in beggarly raiment. Therefore, since to the Body avail not Kiches, avails not Heraldry's utmost boast, nor the pomp and the pride of an empire ; Next shall you own, that the Mind needs likewise nothing of these things. Unless when, peradventure, your armies over the champaign Spread with a stir and a ferment, and bid War's image awaken, Or when with stir and with ferment a fleet sails forth upon Ocean Cowed before these brave sights, pale Superstition abandon Straightway your mind as you gaze, Death seem no longer alarming, LUCRETIUS. 189* Trouble vacate your bosom, and Peace hold holiday in you. But, if (again) all this be a vain impossible fiction ; If of a truth men's fears, and the cares which hourly beset them, Heed not the jav'lin's fury, regard not clashing of broadswords ; But ail-boldly amongst crowned heads and the rulers of empires Stalk, not shrinking abashed from the dazzling glare of the red gold, Not from the pomp of the monarch, who walks forth purple-apparelled : These things shew that at times we are bankrupt, surely, of Reason ; Think too that all Man's life through a great Dark laboureth onward. For, as a young boy trembles, and in that mystery, Darkness, Sees all terrible things : so do we too, ev'n in the daylight, Ofttimes shudder at that, which is not more really alarming 190* TRANSLATIONS. Than boys' fears, when they waken, and say some danger is o'er them. So this panic of mind, these clouds which gather around us, Fly not the bright sunbeam, nor the ivory shafts of the Day-star : Nature, rightly revealed, and the Reason only, dispel them. Now, how moving about do the prime material atoms Shape t forth this thing and that thing ; and, once shaped, how they resolve them ; What power says unto each, This must be ; how an inherent Elasticity drives them about Space vagrantly onward ; I shall unfold : thou simply give all thyself to my teaching. Matter mingled and massed into indissoluble union Does not exist. For we see how wastes each separate substance ; LUCRETIUS. So flow piecemeal away, with the length'ning cen- turies, all things, Till from our eye by degrees that old self passes, and is not. Still Universal Nature abides unchanged as afore- time. Whereof this is the cause. When the atoms part from a substance, That suffers loss ; but another is elsewhere gaming an increase : So that, as one thing wanes, still a second bursts into blossom, Soon, in its turn, to be left. Thus draws this Universe always Gain out of loss ; thus live we mortals one on another. Bourgeons one generation, and one fades. Let but a few years Pass, and a race has arisen which was not : as in a racecourse, One hands on to another the burning torch of Existence. 192* TRANSLATIONS. SONNET. To THE ISLAND OF SIRMIO. FROM CATULLUS. GEM of all isthmuses and isles that lie, Fresh or salt water's children, in clear lake Or ampler ocean : with what joy do I Approach thee, Sirmio ! Oh ! am I awake, Or dream that once again mine eye beholds Thee, and has looked its last on Thracian wolds ? Sweetest of sweets to me that pastime seems, When the mind drops her burden : when the pain Of travel past our own cot we regain, And nestle on the pillow of our dreams ! 'Tis this one thought that cheers us as we roam. Hail, O fair Sirmio ! Joy, thy lord is here ! Joy too, ye waters of the Golden Mere I And ring out, all ye laughter-peals of home ! TRANSLATIONS INTO LATIN. 186 LYCIDAS. YET once more, ye laurels ! and once more Ye myrtles brown, with ivy never sere, I come to pluck your berries harsh and crude, And with forced fingers rude Shatter your leaves before the mellowing year. Bitter constraint, and sad occasion dear, Compels me to disturb your season due ; For Lycidas is dead, dead ere his prime, Young Lycidas, and hath not left his peer : Who would not sing for Lycidas ? He knew Himself to sing, and build the lofty rhyme. He must not float upon his watery bier Unwept, and welter to the parching wind, Without the meed of some melodious tear. 187 LYCIDAS. EN! iterum laurus, iterum salvete myricae Pallentes, nullique hederse quse ceditis sevo. Has venio baccas, quanquam sapor asper acerbis, Decerptum, quassumque manu folia ista proterva, Maturescentem prgevortens iinprobus annum. Causa gravis, pia causa, subest, et amara deum lex ; Nee jam sponte mea vobis rata tempora turbo. Nam periit Lycidas, periit superante juventa Imberbis Lycidas, nee par manet illius alter. Quis cantare super Lycida neget ? Ipse quoque artem Norat Apollineam, versumque imponere versu. Non nullo vitreum fas innatet ille feretrum Flente, voluteturque arentes corpus ad auras, Indotatum adeo et lacrymae vocalis egenum. 188 TRANSLATIONS. Begin then, sisters, of the sacred well, That from beneath the seat of Jove doth spring ; Begin, and somewhat loudly sweep the string. Hence with denial vain, and coy excuse, So may some gentle muse With lucky words favour my destined urn, And, as he passes, turn And bid fair peace be to my sable shroud: For we were nursed upon the self-same hill, Fed the same flock by fountain, shade, and rill. Together both, ere the high lawns appeared Under the opening eyelids of the morn, We drove afield, and both together heard What time the gray fly winds her sultry horn, Battening our flocks with the fresh dews of night, Oft till the star that rose, at evening, bright, Toward Heaven's descent had sloped his westering wheel. Meanwhile the rural ditties were not mute, Tempered to the oaten flute; Rough satyrs danced, and fauns with cloven heel From the glad sound would not be absent long, And old Damoetas loved to hear our song. LYCIDAS. 189 Quare agite, o sacri fontis queis cura, sorores, Cui sub inaccessi sella Jovis exit origo : Incipite, et sonitu graviore impellite chordas. Lingua procul male prompta loqui, suasorque mo- rarum Sit pudor : alloquiis ut mollior una secundis Pieridum faveat, cui mox ego destiner, urnae : Et gressus prsetergrediens convertat, et "Esto", Dicat, "amoena quies atra tibi veste latenti" : Uno namque jugo duo nutribamur ; eosdein Pavit uterque greges ad fontem et rivulum et umbram. Tempore nos illo, nemorum convexa priusquam, Aurora reserante oculos, coepere videri, Urgebamus equos ad pascua : novimus horam Aridus audiri solitus qua clangor asili ; Kore recente greges passi pinguescere noctis Sa3pius, albuerat donee quod vespere sidus Hesperios axes prono inclinasset Olympo. At pastorales non cessavere camoenae, Fistula disparibus quas temperat apta cicutis : Saltabant Satyri informes, nee murmure laeto Capripedes potuere diu se avertere Fauni; Damoetasque modos nostros longsevus amabat. 190 TRANSLATIONS. But oh, the heavy change, now thou art gone, Now thou art gone, and never must return 1 Thee, shepherd, thee the woods, and desert caves With wild thyme and the gadding vine o'ergrown, And all their echoes mourn. The willows, and the hazel-copses green, Shall now no more be seen, Fanning their joyous leaves to thy soft lays. As killing as the canker to the rose, Or taint-worm to the weanling herds that graze, Or frost to flowers, that their gay wardrobe wear, When first the white-thorn blows; Such, Lycidas, thy loss to shepherds' ear. Where were ye, nymphs, when the remorseless deep Closed o'er the head of your loved Lycidas ? For neither were ye playing on the steep, Where your old bards, the famous Druids, lie; Nor on the shaggy top of Mona high, Nor yet where Deva spreads her wizard stream : Ay me ! I fondly dream ! Had ye been there, for what could that have done ? What could the muse herself that Orpheus bore, The muse herself for her enchanting son, LYCIDAS. 191 Jamque, relicta tibi, quantum mutata viden- tur Rura relicta tibi, cui non spes ulla regressus ! Te sylvse, teque antra, puer, deserta ferarum, Incultis obducta thymis ac vite sequaci, Decessisse gemunt; gemitusque reverberat Echo. Non salices, non glauca ergo coryleta videbo Molles ad numeros Isetum motare cacumen. Quale rosis scabies ; quarn formidabile vermis Depulso jam lacte gregi, dum tondet agellos ; Sive quod, indutis verna jam veste, pruinse Floribus, albet ubi primum paliurus in agris : Tale fuit nostris, Lycidam periisse, bubulcis. Qua, Nymphge, latuistis, ubi crudele profundum Delicias Lycidam vestras sub vortice torsit? Nam neque vos scopulis turn ludebatis in illis Quos veteres, Druidse, vates, illustria servant Nomina; nee celsse setoso in culmine Monse, Nee, quos Deva locos magicis amplectitur undis. Vse mihi ! delusos exercent somnia sensus : Venissetis enim ; numquid venisse juvaret ? Numquid Pieris ipsa parens interfuit Orphei, Pieris ipsa suae sobolis, qui carmine rexit 192 TRANSLATIONS. Whom universal nature did lament, When by the rout that made the hideous roar, His gory visage down the stream was sent, Down the swift Hebrus to the Lesbian shore? Alas ! what boots it with incessant care To tend the homely slighted shepherd's trade, And strictly meditate the thankless muse? Were it not better done as others use, To sport with Amaryllis in the shade, Or with the tangles of Neaera's hair? Fame is the spur that the clear spirit doth raise (That last infirmity of noble mind) To scorn delights, and live laborious days, But the fair guerdon when we hope to find, And think to burst out into sudden blaze, Comes the blind fury with the abhorred shears, And slits the thin-spun life. "But not the praise." Phoebus replied, and touched my trembling ears ; "Fame is no plant that grows on mortal soil, Nor in the glistering foil Set off to the world, nor in broad rumour lies, But lives and spreads aloft by those pure eyes, And perfect witness of all- judging Jove; LYCIDAS. 103 Corda virum, quern terra olim, quam magna, dolebat, Tempore quo, dirum auditu strepitante caterva, Ora secundo amni missa, ac foedata cruore, Lesbia prsecipitans ad litora detulit Hebrus? Eheu quid prodest noctes instare diesque Pastorum curas spretas humilesque tuendo, Nilque relaturam meditari rite Camoenam ? Nonne fuit satius lusus agitare sub umbra, (Ut mos est aliis,) Amaryllida sive Neaeram Sectanti, ac tortis digitum impediisse capillis? Scilicet ingenuum cor Fama, novissimus error Ilia animi majoris, uti calcaribus urget Spernere delicias ac dedi rebus agendis. Quanquam exoptatam jam spes attingere dotem; Jam nee opinata remur splendescere flamma : Caeca sed invisa cum forfice venit Erinnys, Quae resecet tenui liaerentem subtemine vitam. "At Famam non ilia," refert, tangitque trementes Phoebus Apollo aures. " Fama haud, vulgaris ad instar Floris, amat terrestre solum, fictosque nitores Queis inhiat populus, nee cum Rumore patescit. Vivere dant illi, dant increbrescere late Puri oculi ac vox summa Jovis, cui sola Potestas. o 194 TRANSLATIONS. As he pronounces lastly on each deed, Of so much fame in Heaven expect thy meed." fountain Arethuse, and thou honoured flood, Smooth-sliding Mincius, crowned with vocal reeds, That strain I heard was of a higher mood : But now my oat proceeds, And listens to the herald of the sea That came in Neptune's plea; He asked the waves, and asked the felon winds, What hard mishap had doomed this gentle swain? And questioned every gust of rugged wings, That blows from off each beaked promontory : They knew not of his story, And sage Hippotades their answer brings, That not a blast was from his dungeon strayed, The air was calm, and on the level brine Sleek Panope with all her sisters played. It was that fatal and perfidious bark Built in the eclipse, and rigged with curses dark, That sunk so low that sacred head of thine. Next Camus, reverend sire, went footing slow, His mantle hairy, and his bonnet sedge, Inwrought with figmes dim, and on the edge, LYCIDAS. 195 Fecerit ille semel de facto quoque virorum Arbitrium: tantum famae manet aethera nactis." Fons Arethusa ! sacro placidus qui laberis alveo, Frontem vocali praetextus arundine, Minci ! Sensi equidem gravius carmen. Nunc cetera pastor Exsequor. Adstat enim missus pro rege marino, Seque rogasse refert fluctus, ventosque rapaces, Quae sors dura nimis tenerum rapuisset agrestem. Compellasse refert alarum quicquid ab omni Spirat, acerba sonans, scopulo, qui cuspidis instar Prominet in pelagus; fama baud pervenerat illuc. Haec ultro pater Hippotades responsa ferebat : "Nulli sunt nostro palati carcere venti. Straverat aequor aquas, et sub Jove compta sereno Lusum exercebat Panope nymphaeque sorores. Quam Furiae struxere per interlunia, leto Fcetam ac fraude ratem, malos velarat Erinnys, Credas in mala tanta caput mersisse sacratum." Proximus huic tardum senior se Camus agebat; Cui setosa chlamys, cui pileus ulva : figuris Idem intertextus dubiis erat, utque cruentos 02 196 TRANSLATIONS. Like to that sanguine flower inscribed with woe. " Ah ! who hath reft," quoth he, " my dearest pledge ?" Last came, and last did go, The pilot of the Galilean lake, Two massy keys he bore, of metals twain (The golden opes, the iron shuts amain). He shook his mitred locks, and stern bespake : " How well could I have spared for thee, young swain, Enow of such as for their bellies' sake Creep, and intrude, and climb into the fold ! Of other care they little reckoning make, Than how to scramble at the shearer's feast, And shove away the worthy bidden guest; Blind mouths ! that scarce themselves know how to hold A sheep-hook, or have learned aught else the least That to the faithful herdsman's art belongs ! What recks it then ? What need they ? They are sped; And when they list, their lean and flashy songs Grate on their scrannel pipes of wretched straw; i The hungry sheep look up, and are not fed, LYCIDAS. 197 Quos perhibent flores, inscriptus rnargine luctum. "Nam quis," ait, "prsedulce meum me pignus ademit T Post hos, qui Galilaea regit per stagna carinas, Post hos venit iturus: habet maims utraque clavim, (Queis aperit clauditque) auro ferrove gravatam. Mitra tegit crines ; quassis quibus, acriter iufit : "Scilicet optassem pro te dare corpora leto Sat multa, o juvenis : quot serpunt ventribus acti, Vi quot iter faciunt spretis in ovilia muris. Hie labor, hoc opus est, pecus ut tondente magistro Prseripiant epulas, trudatur dignior hospes. Capti oculis, non ore ! pedum tractare nee ipsi Norunt ; quotve bonis sunt upilionibus artes. Sed quid enim refert, quove est opus, omnia nactis ? Fert ubi mens, tenue ac deductum carmen avenam Radit stridentem stipulis. Pastore negato Suspicit a?gra pecus: vento gravis ac lue tracta 198 TRANSLATIONS. But swollen with wind, and the rank mist they draw, Rot inwardly, and foul contagion spread : Besides what the grim wolf with privy paw Daily devours apace, and nothing said. But that two-handed engine at the door Stands ready to smite once, and smite no more." Return, Alpheus, the dread voice is past, That shrunk thy streams; return Sicilian muse, And call the vales, and bid them hither cast Their bells and flowerets of a thousand hues. Ye valleys low, where the mild whispers use Of shades, and wanton winds, and gushing brooks, On whose fresh lap the swart star sparely looks, Throw hither all your quaint enamelled eyes, That on the green turf suck the honeyed showers, And purple all the ground with vernal flowers. Bring the rathe primrose that forsaken dies, The tufted crow-toe, and pale jessamine, The white pink, and the pansy freaked with jet, The glowing violet, The musk-rose, and the well-attired woodbine, With cowslips wan that hang the pensive head, And every flower that sad embroidery wears : LYCIDAS. 199 Tabescit; mox foeda capit contagia vulgus. Quid dicam, stabulis ut clandestinus oberrans Expleat ingluviem tristis lupus, indice nullo? Ilia tamen bimanus custodit machina portam, Stricta, paratque mails plagam non amplius unam." En, Alphee, redi ! Quibus ima cohorruit unda Voces praeteriere : redux quoque Sicelis omnes Musa voca vaUes; hue pendentes hyacinthos Fac jaciant, teneros hue flores mille colorum. nemorum depressa, sonant ubi crebra susurri Umbrarum, et salientis aquae, Zephyrique protervi ; Queisque virens gremium penetrare Canicula parcit : Hue oculos, totidem mirandas vertite gemmas, Mellitos imbres queis per viridantia rura Mos haurire, novo quo tellus vere rubescat. Hue ranunculus, ipse arbos, pallorque ligustri, Quseque relicta perit, vixdum matura feratur Primula: quique ebeno distinctus, caetera flavet Flos, et qui specie nonien detrectat eburna. Ardenti violse rosa proxima fundat odores ; 200 TKANSLATIONS. Bid amaranthus all his beauty shed, And daffodillies fill their cups with tears, To strow the laureate hearse where Lycid lies. For so to interpose a little ease, Let our frail thoughts dally with false surmise. Ay me ! whilst thee the shores and sounding seas Wash far away, where ere thy bones are hurled, Whether beyond the stormy Hebrides, Where thou, perhaps, under the whelming tide Visit' st the bottom of the monstrous world ; Or whether thou to our moist vows denied, Sleep' st by the fable of Bellerus old, Where the great vision of the guarded mount Looks toward Namancos and Bayona's hold; Look homeward, angel now, and melt with ruth : And, ye dolphins, waft the hapless youth. Weep no more, woeful shepherds, weep no more, For Lycidas your sorrow is not dead, Sunk though he be beneath the watery floor; So sinks the day-star in the ocean bed, And yet anon repairs his drooping head, And tricks his beams, and with new-spangled ore Flames in the forehead of the morning sky : LYCIDAS. 201 Serpyllumque placens, et acerbo flexile vultu Verbascum, ac tristem si quid sibi legit amictum. Quicquid babes pulcri fundas, amarante : coronent Narcissi lacrymis calices, sternantque feretrum Tectus ubi lauro Lycidas jacet : adsit ut oti Saltern aliquid, ficta ludantur imagine mentes. Me miserum ! Tua nam litus, pelagusque sonorum Ossa ferunt, queiscunque procul jacteris in oris; Sive procellosas ultra Symplegadas ingens Jam subter mare visis, alit quae monstra profundum ; Sive (negarit enim precibus te Jupiter udis) Cum sene Bellero, veterum qui fabula, dormis, Qua custoditi montis praegrandis imago Namancum atque arces longe prospectat Iberas. Verte retro te, verte deum, mollire precando : Et vos infaustum juvenem delphines agatis. Ponite jam lacrymas, sat enim flevistis, agrestes. Non periit Lycidas, vestri moeroris origo, Marmorei quanquam fluctus hausere cadentem. Sic et in aequoreum se condere saepe cubile Luciferum videas; nee longum tempus, et effert Demissum caput, igne novo vestitus ; et aurum Ceu nitilans, in fronte poli splendescit Eoi. 202 TRANSLATIONS. So Lycidas sunk low, but mounted high, Through the dear might of him that walked the waves, Where other groves and other streams along, With nectar pure his oozy locks he laves, And hears the unexpressive nuptial song, In the blest kingdoms meek of joy and love. There entertain him all the saints above, In solemn troops, and sweet societies, That sing, and singing in their glory move, And wipe the tears for ever from his eyes. Now, Lycidas, the shepherds weep no more ; Henceforth thou art the genius of the shore, In thy large recompense, and shalt be good To all that wander in that perilous flood. Thus sang the uncouth swain to the oaks and rills, While the still morn went out with sandals gray, He touched the tender stops of various quills, With eager thought warbling his Doric lay: And now the sun had stretched out all the hills, And now was dropped into the western bay; At last he rose, and twitched his mantle blue, To-morrow to fresh woods, and pastures new. LYCIDAS. 203 Sic obiit Lycidas, sic assurrexit in altum ; Illo, quern peditera mare sustulit, usus amico. Nunc campos alios, alia errans stagna secundum Rorantesque lavans integro nectare crines, Audit inauditos nobis cantari Hymenseos, Fortunatorum sedes ubi mitis amorem Lastitiamque affert. Hie ilium, quotquot Olympum Prseduices habitant turbse, venerabilis ordo, Circumstant: aliaeque canunt, interque canendun Maj estate sua veniunt abeuntque cater vae, Illius ex oculis lacrymas arcere paratse. Ergo non Lycidam jam lamentantur agrestes. Divus eris ripse, puer, hoc ex tempore nobis, Grande, nee immerito, veniens in munus ; opemqne Poscent usque tuam, dubiis quot in sestubus errant. Haec incultus aquis puer ilicibusque canebat; Processit dum mane silens talaribus albis. Multa manu teneris discrimina tentat avenis, Dorica non studio modulatus carmina segni: Et jam sol abiens colles extenderat omnes, Jamque sub Hesperium se pra?cipitaverat alveum. Surrexit tandem, glaucumque retraxit amictum; Cras lucos, reor, ille novos, nova pascua quaBret. 204 TRANSLATIONS. BOADICEA. WHEN the British warrior-queen, Bleeding from the Roman rods, Sought with an indignant mien, Counsel of her country's gods ; Sage beneath the spreading oak Sat the Druid, hoary chief; Every burning word he spoke, Full of rage and full of grief. " Princess ! if our aged eyes Weep upon thy matchless wrongs, 'Tis because resentment ties All the terrors of our tongues. TRANSLATIONS. 205 " Furens quid femina Quo secta virgis tempore Romulis, Fastidiosa fronte, Britanniae Regina bellatrix ad aras Indigetum steterat deorum: Quercu sedebat sub patula senex Vates, nivali rex Druidum coma ; In carmen exarsuras ira Implacidum, implacidumque luctu. "Natsene regum nil nisi lacrymam Senes inanem reddimus, Laud prius Vulgata perpessse? Minaces Stringit enim dolor ipse linguas. 206 TRANSLATIONS. "Rome shall perish write that word In the blood that she has spilt : Perish, hopeless and abhorred, Deep in ruin as in guilt. " Rome for empire far renowned, Tramples on a thousand states; Soon her pride shall kiss the ground Hark ! the Gaul is at her gates I " Other Romans shall arise, Heedless of a soldier's name ; Sounds, not arms, shall win the prize, Harmony the path to fame. " Then the progeny that springs From the forests of our land, Armed with thunder, clad with wings, Shall a wider world command. TRANSLATIONS. 207 "Cadet rubescant sanguine literae, Quem fudit, istse Roma ; carens cadet Spe quaque, detestata terris; Mersa pari scelerum ruina. "Late tyranno sub pede preterit Jam mille gentes, ipsa tamen solo ^Equanda. Nunc (adverte!) portas Gallus habet. Nova nequiores "^Etas Quirites, pejor avis, feret, Queis vile nomen militise; sonis, Non marte, qseusturos honorem ; Voce viam reserante famae. "Exinde silvae quam sobolem sinu Gestant avitse, fulmineis potens Pennis et alarum capesset Remigio populum ampliorem. 208 TRANSLATIONS. " Regions Caesar never knew Thy posterity shall sway; Where his eagles never flew: None invincible as they." Such the bard's prophetic words, Pregnant with celestial fire, Bending as he swept the chords Of his sweet but awful lyre. She, with all a monarch's pride, Felt them in her bosom glow ; Rushed to battle, fought and died; Dying hurled them at the foe. "Ruffians, pitiless as proud, Heaven awards the vengeance due ; Empire is on us bestowed, Shame and ruin wait for you." COWPER. TRANSLATIONS. 209 "Quas ipse nescit Caesar, aheneus Quas ales oras non adiit, tuos, Regina, fas torquere natos, Indocilem numerum repulsae." Hsec elocutus caelitus edito Scatebat igni fatidicus senex: Dum, pronus in chordas, sonantem Dulce lyram modulatur irae. Queis ilia sentit non humilis calens Regina dictis : queis ruerat nova In arma bellatrix sub ipsum Funus adhuc premit acris hostes :- "At, durior grex omnibus, omnium Contemptor! sequi di quoque vindices Regnare nos optant : probrosa Vos perimi placitum ruina." 210 TRANSLATIONS. COME LIVE WITH ME. COME, live with me, and be my love, And we will all the pleasures prove, That valleys, groves, or hills, or field, Or woods and steepy mountains yield. And we will sit upon the rocks, Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks By shallow rivers, to whose falls Melodious birds sing madrigals. And I will make thee beds of roses And a thousand fragrant posies : A gown made of the finest wool, Which from our pretty lambs we'll pull. The shepherd swains shall dance and sing For thy delight each May morning: If these delights thy mind may move, Then live with me and be my love. MARLOW, TRANSLATIONS. " Et nos cedamus amori" MOPSUS. MOPSI vive sodalis, ames age, Lydia, amantem I Euris uti cunctas experiamur opes : Quot vallis, juga, saltus, ager, quot amoena ministret Mons gravis ascensu, quot vel amoena nemus. Saepius acclines saxo spectare juvarit Ducat uti pastum Thyrsis herile pecus; Sub vada rivorum, queis adsilientibus infra Concordes avibus suave loquantur aves. Ipse rosas, queis fulta cubes caput, ipse recentum Quidquid alant florum pascua mille, feram: Pro laena tibi vellus erit, neque tenuior usquam, Me socio teneras quo spoliaris oves. Cantabunt salientque tibi pastoria pubes, Maia novum quoties jusserit ire diem: Quse si forte tibi sint oblectamina cordi, Vive comes Mopsi, Lydia, amantis amans. P2 212 TRANSLATIONS. IF all the world and love were young; And truth in every shepherd's tongue, These pretty pleasures might me move To live with thee and be thy love. Time drives the flocks from field to fold, When rivers rage and rocks grow cold; And Philomel becometh dumb, The rest complain of cares to come. But could youth last and love still breed, Had joys no date nor age no need, Then these delights my mind might move To live with thee and be thy love. RALEIGH. TKANSLATIONS. 213 LYDIA. FINGE nee huic mundo nee amoribus esse senectam ; Pastorumque labris usque subesse fidem : His forte illecebris (est his sua namque venustas) Mota, comes Mopsi viverem, amantis amans. Tempus agit pecudes campis in ovile relictis; Fitque ferox fluvius frigidiusque jugum. Dediscit Philomela modos et conticet ultro ; Venturis querimur caetera turba malis. Sin amor assidua subolesceret usque juventa, Nee joca cessarent, pluris egeret anus : His equidem illecebris (est his sua namque venustas) Mota comes Mopsi viverem, amantis amans. 2H TRANSLATIONS. WHILE MUSING THUS. WHILE musing thus, with contemplation fed And thousand fancies buzzing in my brain, The sweet-tongued Philomel perched o'er my head, And chanted forth a most melodious strain, Which rapt me so with wonder and delight, I judged my hearing better than my sight, And wished me wings with her awhile to take my flight. "0 merry bird!" said I, "that fears no snares, That neither toils, nor hoards up in thy barns, Feels no sad thought, nor cruciating cares To gain more good, or shun what might thee harm; Thy clothes ne'er wear, thy meat is every where, Thy bed a bough, thy drink the water clear, Remind'st not what is past, nor what's to come dost fear." TRANSLATIONS. 215 "Avis in ramo tecta laremque parat" STABAM multa movens, studio sic pastus inani, Soinnia per vacuum dum fervent mille cerebrum : Jamque canora mihi supra caput adstitit ales, Et liquido Philomela modos e gutture fudit. Obstupui; raptusque nova dulcedine dixi, "Quanto oculis potior, quam traximus aure, voluptas." Meque simul volui sumtis quatere aethera pennis. "Fortunata nimis! Tibi retia nulla timori, Te nullus labor urget, agis nee in horrea messes; Nil conscire tibi, nulla tabescere culpa, Sorte datum, quo plura petas, quo noxia vites. At passim cibus, at sordent velamina nunquam : Pocula sunt fontes liquidi tibi, fronsque cubile, Nee memori veterum, nee mox ventura timenti. 216 TRANSLATIONS. "The dawning morn with songs thou dost pre- vent, Set'st hundred notes unto thy feathered crew, So each one tunes his pretty instrument, And warbling out the old, begins anew. And thus they pass their youth in summer season, Then follow thee into a better region, Where winter's never felt by that sweet airy legion." ANNE BRADSTREET. TRANSLATIONS. 217 Ante dies quam lucet ades, modulansque catervse Dividis aligerae centum discrimina vocum. Continue ad cantum praeludunt oribus illse Suavisonis; peragunt opus instaurantque peracta. Hisque modis siiperante fovent sestate juventam. Te duce dein abeunt in fortunatius arvum Blanda volans legio, nulli penetrabile brumse." 218 TRANSLATIONS. SWEET DAY. SWEET day, so cool, so calm, so bright, The bridal of the earth and sky: The dew shall weep thy fall to-night; For thou must die. Sweet rose, whose hue, angry and brave, Bids the rash gazer wipe his eye : Thy root is ever in its grave; And thou must die. Sweet Spring, full of sweet days and roses, A box where sweets compacted lie, My music shows ye have your closes, And all must die. Only a sweet and virtuous soul, Like seasoned timber, never gives ; But though the whole world turn to coal, Then chiefly lives. GEO. HEKBEKT. TRANSLATIONS. 219 " Parcent animce fata superstiti" Lux dulcis, cui tanta quies et frigus et ardor, Terrse polique nuptiae, At flebit tua fata tamen sub vesperis horam Ros, quippe leto debitse. Tuque, color cujus forti similisque minanti Temere tuentum lumina Prsestringit ; radice lates tenus usque sepulcro; Et te perire fas, Rosa. Dulces Maia refers hilaris lucesque rosasque, Thesaurus ingens dulcium. Has sed in occasum me vergere disce magistro; Perire nam fas omnia. Dulces ergo animae demum et virtutis amantes Durant, ut ilex arida; In fumum ac cinerem vertatur mundus : at illas Tune enitescent clarius. 220 TRANSLATIONS. IN MEMOETAM. cvi. THE time admits not flowers or leaves To deck the banquet. Fiercely flies The blast of North and East, and ice Makes daggers at the sharpen'd eaves, And bristles all the brakes and thorns To yon hard crescent, as she hangs Above the wood which grides and clangs Its leafless ribs and iron horns Together, in the drifts that pass, To darken on the rolling brine That breaks the coast. But fetch the wine, Arrange the board and brim the glass; TRANSLATIONS. 221 In Memoriam. NON hora myrto, non violis sinit Nitere mensas. Trux Aquilo foras Bacchatur, atque inspicat hastas E foribus glacies acutis ; Horretque saltus spinifer, algidae Sub falce lunae; dum nemori imminet, Quod stridet illiditque costis Cornua, jam vacuis honorum, Ferrata; nimbis praetereuntibus, Ut incubent tandem implacido sail Qui curvat oras. Tu Falernum Prome, dapes strue, die coronent 222 TRANSLATIONS. Bring in great logs and let them lie, To make a solid core of heat ; Be cheerful-minded, talk and treat Of all things ev'n as he were by : We keep the day with festal cheer, With books and music. Surely we Will drink to him whate'er he be, And sing the songs he loved to hear. TENNYSON. TRANSLATIONS. 223 Crateras: ignis cor solidum, graves Repone ramos. Jamque doloribus Loquare securus fugatis Quae socio loquereris illo ; Hunc dedicamus laetitise diem Lyrseque musisque. Illius, illius Da, quicquid audit : nee silebunt Qui numeri placuere vivo. 224: TRANSLATIONS. TEARS, IDLE TEARS. TEARS, idle tears, I know not what they mean, Tears from the depth of some divine despair Rise in the heart, and gather to the eyes, In looking on the happy Autumn -fields, And thinking of the days that are no more. Fresh as the first beam glittering on a sail, That brings our friends up from the underworld, Sad as the last which reddens over one That sinks with all we love below the verge; So sad, so fresh, the days that are no more. Ah, sad and strange as in dark Summer dawns The earliest pipe of half-awaken'd birds To dying ears, when unto dying eyes The casement slowly grows a glimmering square ; So sad, so strange, the days that are no more. TENNYSON. TRANSLATIONS. 2 1> r> Surgit amari aliquid. SCILICET et lacrymas quis dixerit unde profectas? Nescio quod desiderium divinius imo Nil profecturas e pectore cogit, et udi Stant oculi: quoties auctumni aprica tuemur Rura, diesque animo qui praeteriere recursant. Dulce jubar, candent quo primo vela carinae, Altero ab orbe tuos tibi summittentis amicos : Triste, quod in freta longa rubet condentibus isdem Teque tuaeque animae partem. Tarn dulcis imago Tarn te tristis obit, qui praeteriere, dierum. ^Egrum, ac tanquam aliunde, sonat morientis in aure Excutientum avium sublustri mane sopores ^Estivus canor, incipiunt ubi languida circa Lumina majores noto trepidare fenestrse. Tanquam aliunde, dies qui prseteriere revortunt. 226 TRANSLATIONS. PSALM LV. v. 4. MY heart is disquieted within me : and The fear of death is fallen upon me. Fearfulness and trembling are come upon me And an horrible dread hath overwhelmed me. And I said, that I had wings like a dove : For then would I flee away, and be at rest. Lo, then would I get me away far off; And remain in the wilderness. I would make haste to escape ; Because of the stormy wind and tempest. TRANSLATIONS. 227 "Prcesaga mail mens" COR concitatum, quassaque senseram Instante leto pectora ; senseram Terrore pallescens, et artus Auguriis tremefactus atris : Dixique tandem : "Verterer alitem Nunc in columbam! scilicet in loca Longinqua deportarer, almse Pacis amans; et inhospitales Inter Gelonos, his fugiens procul Terris, manerem. Nulla fugam mora Tardaret, exosi procellse Saevitiem, pluviosque ventos. Q2 228 TRANSLATIONS. OF HOLIER JOY. OF holier joy he sang, more true delight, In other happier isles for them reserved, Who, faithful here, from constancy and right And truth have never swerved ; How evermore the tempered ocean-gales Breathe round those hidden islands of the blest, Steeped in the glory spread, when day-light fails, Far in the sacred West. How unto them, beyond our mortal night, Shines ever more in strength the golden day; And meadows with purpureal roses bright Bloom round their feet alway; And how 'twas given thro' virtue to aspire To golden seats in ever-calm abodes ; Of mortal men, admitted to the quire Of high immortal Gods. TRENCH. TRANSLATIONS. 229 "Arva, beata Petamus arva" TUM graviore canit vera oblectamina plectro, Beatiore queis in insula frui Integros maneat vitse ; quaB fasque fidesque Diuque culta veritas det assequi. Utque marina supra secretes usque piorum Agros susurret aura temperatius ; Agros, occidui saturet quos gloria Phcebi, Sacris in Occidentis ultimi locis. Utque procul nobis, tenebris procul omnibus, illos Inauret usque vividus micans dies ; Purpureis distincta rosis ubi gleba perenni Nitore crura condat ambulantium. Tanta dari castis. Utque affectetur ab isdem In aureis serena sedibus domus; Mortalesque viros tandem immortalis in altum Receperit sedile numinum chorus. 230 TRANSLATIONS. FROM THE ANALOGY, CH. I. AND it is certain, that the bodies of all animals are in a constant flux, from that never-ceasing at- trition which there is in every part of them. Now things of this kind unavoidably teach us to dis- tinguish between these living agents ourselves, and large quantities of matter in which we are very nearly interested : since these may be alienated, and actually are in a daily course of succession, and changing their owners ; while we are assured, that each living agent remains one and the same permanent being. And this general observation leads us to the following ones. First ; that we have no way of determining by experience what is the certain bulk of the living being each man calls himself: and yet, till it be determined that it is larger in bulk than the solid elementary particles of matter, which there is no ground to think any natural power can dissolve, there is no sort of reason to think death to be the dissolution of it, of the living being, even though it should not be absolutely indiscerptible. BUTLER. TRANSLATIONS. 231 " Non omnis moriar." ID quoque constat, uti, quot corpora sunt animan- tum, Non cessent fluere, assiduis quippe obvia plagis Omni ex parte. Quibus monito distare fatendumst Te qui vivis agisque, et molem material Quantamvis, quacum sis nexus conque ligatus. Has alienari quoniam vulgoque videmus Trudi alias aliis, nee demum addicier ulli. At, qui vivis agisque, manes certe unus et idem. Queis animadversis audi quae deinde sequantur. Principio, nunquam cognoveris experiundo Mole sit id vivum quanta, quam quisque vocet se. Quod tamen incerto sit majus mole minus ve Quam solida ilia fuant corpuscula materiai, (Qua3 quis enim reputet natura posse resolvi?) Nulla patet ratio cur solvi morte putaris Hoc vivum, sit et hocce licet delebile tandem. 232 TRANSLATIONS. FOUNTAIN THAT SPARKLEST. FOUNTAIN, that sparkiest through the shady place, Making a soft sad murmur o'er the stones That strew thy lucid way ! Oh, if some guest Should haply wander near, with slow disease Smitten, may thy cold springs the rose of health Bring back, and the quick lustre to his eye 1 The ancient oaks that on thy margin wave, The song of birds, and through the rocky cave The clear stream gushing, their according sounds Should mingle, and like some strange music steal Sadly, yet soothing, o'er his aching breast. And thou pale exile from thy native shores Here drink (O couldst thou I as of Lethe's stream >) Nor friends, nor bleeding country, nor the views Of hills or streams beloved, nor vesper's bell, Heard in the twilight vale, remember more ! TRANSLATIONS. 233 "juvat integros accedere f antes Atque haurire" O QUi umbrosa micas inter loca, perque notantes Lucidum iter lapides, Fons, ita molle canis ; Molle quidem sed triste tamen : si forte quis hospes Erret ad has, lenta tabe peractus, aquas ; Tu, precor, huic roseam gelido refer amne salutem, Inque oculo saliat, qualiter ante, nitor ! Scilicet antiquse, riparum insignia, quercus, Puraque per durum quad specus unda salit, Voxque avium carmen poterunt sociare, quod illi Serpat ut insuetae corda per segra lyras. Hunt etenim mulcent quos tristia. Tuque paternis Qui procul ex oris pallidus exsul abes, Hinc bibe si posses Lethseum flumen ! amici Nee tibi, nee moriens Roma sit ipsa morae; Non juga, non dulces fluvii, campana nee actum Sub ferruginea valle locuta diem. 234: TRANSLATIONS. FROM THE CHRISTIAN YEAR. Go up and watch the new-born rill Just trickling from its mossy bed, Streaking the heath-clad hill With a bright emerald thread. Canst thou her bold career foretel, What rocks she shall o'erleap or rend, How far in Ocean's swell Her freshening billows send ? Perchance that little brook shall flow The bulwark of some mighty realm, Bear navies to and fro With monarchs at their helm. TRANSLATIONS. 235 "Parva metu primo" I NUPER ortum suspice rivulum, Vix e virenti qua trepidat toro, Clivumque vestitum genista Caerulei notat instar auri. Die quo feratur scilicet insolens? Quse scindet aut quae transiliet juga ? Quorsumve, die, fluctus tumentem Mittet in Oceanum salubres? Quern cernis est ut rivulus, imperi Factus potentis presidium, rates Hinc inde sit vecturus, ipsis Consulibus ratium magistris. 236 TRANSLATIONS. Or canst thou guess, how far away Some sister nymph, beside her urn Reclining night and day, 'Mid reeds and mountain fern, Nurses her store, with thine to blend When many a moor and glen are past, Then in the wide sea end Their spotless lives at last. KEBLE. TRANSLATIONS. 237 An scire fas est te, quibus in jugis Acclinis urnse nympha soror die Noctuque, montanaque tecta Carice arundineaque ripa, Quodcunque apud se est pascat ? At aviis Elapsa silvis mox sociabitur Tecum, sub Mgzeo patenti Innocuam positura vitam. 238 TRANSLATIONS. WINTER. Low the woods Bow their hoar head; and ere the languid sun Faint from the west emits his evening ray, Earth's universal face, deep hid and chill, Is one wild dazzling waste, that buries wide The works of man. Drooping, the labourer-ox Stands cover'd o'er with snow, and then demands The fruit of all his toil. The fowls of heaven, Tamed by the cruel season, crowd around The winnowing store, and claim the little boon Which Providence assigns them. One alone, The redbreast, sacred to the household gods, Wisely regardful of the embroiling sky, In joyless fields and thorny thickets, leaves His shivering mates, and pays to trusted man His annual visit. Half afraid, he first Against the window beats; then, brisk, alights On the warm hearth ; then, hopping o'er the floor, TRANSLATIONS. 239 " Aspera venit hiems" CANA laborantes demittunt culmina silvae. Sol quoque languidior. Necdum jubar illius orto Vespere ab Hesperiis trepidum se prodidit oris, At tellns, quam magna, latet : stant frigore campi, Ferales late campi candore maligno, Obruiturque labos hominum. Stat taurus arator Languida colla gravis multa nive : quid labor ilium Aut benefacta juvant ? Domat inclementia cceli Aerias volucres ; vannumque frequenter lacchi Stipantes, quse parva pater munuscula parvis Donet habere Deus, poscunt. Deque omnibus una, R-ubro nota sinu, (propriam dixere Penates,) Haud Jovis imprudens coelum miscentis, in arvis Illa3tabilibus et spinifero dumeto Frigentes linquit socios, ac visit in annum Tecta virum, fidens animi. Primumque fenestram Spemque metumque inter, pulsat ; mox acriter almum Invasura focum. Dein interiora per aulae 240 TRANSLATIONS. Eyes all the smiling family askance, And pecks, and starts, and wonders where he is ; Till more familiar grown, the table crumbs Attract his slender feet. The foodless wilds Pour forth their brown inhabitants. The hare, Though timorous of heart, and hard beset By death in various forms, dark snares and dogs, And more unpitying men, the garden seeks, Urged on by fearless want. The bleating kind Eye the bleak heaven, and next the glistening earth, With looks of dumb despair; then, sad dispersed, Dig for the wither'd herbs through heaps of snow. THOMPSON. TRANSLATIONS. 241 (Ridentes transversa tuens) it passibus a3quis, Quaque sit admirans, rostro petit et tremit alas. Jamque levi pede, rebus ubi se assuevit, in ipsa Frusta legit mensa. Furvum genus aspera mittunt (Befit enim cibus) arva. Lepus, cui pectus inaudax, Quam plaga quamque canes et plurima mortis imago, Quamque premit cunctis homo durior, ipsa propin- quat (Vim dedit esuries) hortos. Videt sethera tristem Balantum pecus, arva videt splendentia, muto Spem positam fassum obtutu. Turn tristiter imo E nive marcentes effossum spargitur herbas. 242 TRANSLATIONS. "LEAVES HAVE THEIR TIME TO FALL." LEAVES have their time to fall, And flowers to wither at the North-wind's breath, And stars to set : but all, Thou hast all seasons for thine own, Death ! Day is for mortal care, Eve for glad meetings at the joyous hearth, Night for the dreams of sleep, the voice of prayer: But all for thee, thou mightiest of the earth I The banquet has its hour, The feverish hour of mirth and song and wine: There comes a day for grief's overwhelming shower, A time for softer tears: but all are thine. TRANSLATIONS. 243 "Debemur morti nos nostraque." FRONDES est ubi decidant, Marcescantque rosse flatu Aquilonio : Horis astra cadunt suis ; Sed, Mors, cuncta tibi tempora vindicas. Curis nata virum dies ; Vesper colloquiis dulcibus ad focum ; Somnis nox magis, et preci : Sed nil, Terrigenum maxima, non tibi. Festis hora epulis datur, (Fervens hora jocis, carminibus, mero;) Fusis altera lacrymis Aut fletu tacito: quseque tamen tua. R2 244 TRANSLATIONS. Youth and the opening rose May look like things too glorious for decay, And smile at thee ! but thou art not of those That wait the ripen'd bloom to seize their prey! FELICIA HEMANS. TRANSLATIONS. 245 Virgo, seu rosa pullulans, Tantum quippe nitent ut nequeant mori? Rident te? Neque enim soles Prsedae parcere, dum flos adoleverit. TRANSLATIONS. MY BROTHER. MY boyish days are nearly gone, My breast is not unsullied now; And worldly cares and woes will soon Cut their deep furrows on my brow. And life will take a darker hue From ills my brother never knew : And human passions o'er my soul Now hold their dark and fell control: And fear and envy, hate and rage, Proclaim approaching manhood's age. And I have made me bosom friends, And loved and linked my heart with others; But who with mine his spirit blends As mine was blended with my brother's? TRANSLATIONS. 247 " Hie meos, primum qui me sibi junxit, amores Abstulit. Ille Iwbeat secum servetque, szpukro" PE^TEREUNT nostrae, vel praeteriere, juventae Tempora; nee maculam nescit, ut ante, sinus. Mox venient remm curae rerumque dolores ; Et fronte in juveni ruga senilis erit. Caligare mini mox ipsa videbitur aetas, Tincta novis (frater nesciit ilia) malis. Nunc etiam quicunque viris solet esse libido Torva regunt animum truxque caterva meum : Nunc livorque odiumque et mista timoribus ira Exagitant trepidum, Virque, loquuntur, eris. Unanimos equidem legi coluique sodales ; Fovi equidem multos interiore sinu : Qua vero partem illam animae, pars altera, quaeram? Frater erat nostri pars ita, fratris ego. 248 TEANSLATIONS. When years of rapture glided by, The spring of life's unclouded weather, Our souls were knit; and thou and I, My brother, grew in love together. The chain is broke that bound us then. When shall I find its like again? MOULTEIE. TRANSLATIONS. 249 Tune, ubi felices labi non sensimus annos, Fulsit ubi verno sol sine nube polo ; Frater, erant nobis animi per mutua nexi; Par tibi tune annis, par et amore fui. Copula dissiluit qua nectebamur: at illi Die quibus in latebris, qua sequar arte, parem? 250 TRANSLATIONS. "LET US TURN HITHER WARD OUR BARK. 1 "LET us turn hitherward our bark," they cried, " And, 'mid the blisses of this happy isle, Past toil forgetting and to come, abide In joyfulness awhile. And then, refreshed, our tasks resume again, If other tasks we yet are bound unto, Combing the hoary tresses of the main With sharp swift keel anew." O heroes, that had once a nobler aiin, heroes, sprung from many a god-like line, What will ye do, unmindful of your fame, And of your race divine ? TRANSLATIONS. 251 TTOI/CS, KOLK " QuiN hue," fremebant, " dirigimus ratem : Hie, dote laeti divitis insulaa, Paullisper haeremus, futuri Nee memores operis, nee acti : "Curas refecti eras iterabimus, Si qua supersunt emeritis novae : Pexisse pernices acuta Canitiem pelagi carina." O rebus olim nobilioribus Pares : origo Di quibus ac Dese Heroes ! oblitine famae Haec struitis, generisque summi? 252 TRANSLATIONS. But they, by these prevailing voices now Lured, evermore draw nearer to the land, Nor saw the wrecks of many a goodly prow, That strewed that fatal strand ; Or seeing, feared not warning taking none From the plain doom of all who went before, Whose bones lay bleaching in the wind and sun, And whitened all the shore. K. C. TRENCH. TRANSLATIONS. 253 Atqui propinquant jam magis ac magis, Ducti magistra voce, solum : neque Videre prorarum nefandas Fragmina nobilium per oras ; Vidisse sen non poenitet ominis Incuriosos tot prseeuntium, Quorum ossa sol siccantque venti, Candet adhuc quibus omnis ora. 254 TRANSLATIONS. (ENONE. MOTHER, hear me yet before I die. Hear me, earth. I will not die alone, Lest their shrill happy laughter come to me Walking the cold and starless road of Death Uncomforted, leaving my ancient love With the Greek woman. I will rise and go Down into Troy, and ere the stars come forth Talk with the wild Cassandra, for she says A fire dances before her, and a sound Rings ever in her ears of armed men. What this may be I know not, but I know That, wheresoe'er I am by night and day, All earth and air seem only burning fire. TENNYSON, TRANSLATIONS. 255 "longam incomitata videtur Ire viam." QUAS moriens loquor, Ida parens, en accipe voces : Accipe tu, tellus. Non ibo sola sub umbras; Fortunatorum risus ne verberet aurem, Dum caligantes campos, jam frigida, Leti, Jam nullo comitante, tero, priscumque maritum Pellex Graia tenet. Quin ibo ac Dorica castra Deveniam : necdum surgentibus adloquar astris Amentem Cassandram animi. Nam lumina coram Scintillare refert ignes, et murmur ad aurem Tanquam armatorum nunquam cessare rotari. Quae quid monstra ferant, non auguror: id mihi demum Nosse satis: quocunque feror noctuque dieque, Igni stare rnero tellusque videtur et aer. 256 TRANSLATIONS. THE SOLDIER'S DREAM. OUR bugles sang truce, for the night clouds had lowered, And the sentinel stars kept a watch in the sky ; And thousands had sunk on the ground overpowered, The weary to sleep and the wounded to die. When reposing that night on my pallet of straw, By the wolf-scaring faggot that guarded the slain, At the dead of the night a sweet vision I saw, And thrice ere the morning I dreamt it again. Methought from the battle-field's dreadful array, Far, far I had roamed on a desolate track: 'Twas autumn and sunshine arose on my way To the home of my father, that welcomed me back. TRANSLATIONS. 257 "Cur hcec ego somnia vidi?" Nox jam densa ruit : vigil undique sidus in aethra Excubat. Auditis ponimus arma tubis. Hille peracta virum fluxerunt corpora campo, Occupet ut letum saucia, fessa sopor. At mihi quern fultum custodit stramine parco Presidium csesis flamma lupisque metus, Nocte super media dulcissima venit imago, Somniaque ante ortum ter rediere diem. Arma feramque aciem mihi deseruisse videbar, Et desolatis longum iter ire viis. Venerat auctumnus : desideriumque meonim Ad patrios ieram, sole favente, lares. 258 TRANSLATIONS I flew to the pleasant fields traversed so oft In life's morning march, when my bosom was young ; I heard my own mountain -goats bleating aloft, And I knew the sweet strain that the corn-reapers sung. Then pledged we the wine-cup, and fondly I swore From my home and my weeping friends never to part; My little ones kissed me a thousand times o'er, And my wife sobbed aloud in her fulness of heart. "Stay, stay with us rest; thou art weary and worn ;" And fain was the war-broken soldier to stay : But sorrow returned with the dawning of morn, And the voice in my dreaming ear melted away. CAMPBELL. TRANSLATIONS. 259 Quos jam in procinctu vitse, jamque inscius oevi, Lustrabam toties, transferor ales agris : Audieram balare meas in rupe capellas; Fallebat veteri carmine messor opus. Sum quoque pollicitus, socia inter pocula, nunquam Flentibus a sociis ire, meaque domo. Oscula dant centum parvi, dein altera, nati : Uxoris gremium rumpit anhelus amor : " Fessus et a?ger ades, nobis ades usque," susurrat. Fractus idem bellis miles et ipse volo. Nequicquam. Redeunte die rediere dolores. Audieram voces : sed sopor illud erat. S2 260 TRANSLATIONS. THE BUTTERFLY. As rising on its purple wing The insect-queen of eastern spring, O'er emerald meadows of Kashmeer Invites the young pursuer near, And leads him on from flower to flower A weary chase and wasted hour, Then leaves him, as it soars on high, With panting heart and tearful eye : So Beauty lures the full-grown child, With hue as bright, and wing as wild ; A chase of idle hopes and fears, Begun in folly, closed in tears, If won, to equal ills betray'd, Woe waits the insect and the maid ; A life of pain, the loss of peace, From infant's play and man's caprice: TRANSLATIONS. 261 " Neque enini levia aut ludicra petuntur." PENNIS ut ostro tollitur aemulis Quse ver Eoiim papilio regit, Per gramen invitans smaragdo Lucidius puerum sequacem ; Vel has vel illas detinet ad rosas Fessum vagaudi, nee bene prodigum Horse; relinquens dein anhelo Ore, genis, abit ales, udis : Per spes adultum sic puerum rapit Metusque vanos, sic vario nitens Splendore, sic pennata, virgo; Ccepta miser flet inepta sero. Vincas : ad unum virgine prodita Vermique fatum, par superest dolor Utrique ; seu lascivus infans, Sive virum dederit libido 262 TRANSLATIONS. The lovely toy so fiercely sought Hath lost its charm by being caught, For every touch that woo'd its stay Hath brush'd its brightest hues away, Till charm, and hue, and beauty gone 'Tis left to fly or fall alone. BYRON. TRANSLATIONS. 263 Vitam inquietam, ac mille gravem mails. Sectamur acres dulcia: quas simul Prensaris, amisere formam; Suasor enim digitus morarum Sensim colores preterit aureos ; Donee recessit forma, color, venus : Te deinde securo, volarint Sen jaceant viduata campo. 264 TRANSLATIONS. GLENIFFEK. KEEN blaws the wind o'er the braes o' Gleniffer, The auld castle turrets are cover'd wi' snaw, How changed frae the time when I met wi' my lover, Amang the broom bushes by Stanley green shaw. The wild flowers o' simmer were spread a' sae bonnie, The mavis sang sweet frae the green birken tree ; But far to the camp they ha'e march'd my dear Johnnie, And now it is winter wi' nature and me. Then ilk thing around us was blythesome and cheerie, Then ilk thing around us was bonnie and braw; Now naething is heard but the wind whistling drearie, And naething is seen but the wide-spreading snaw. TRANSLATIONS. 265 " Versa loci fades" RA.DIT Aricinse vallis latus acriter aura. Nix grave longaevis turribus hseret onus : Non erat ilia loci facies, ubi tecta genista Ad lucum viridem fabar, Amate veni. Injussas jucunda rosas ibi pandidit sestas ; Cantanti merulse betula tegmen erat: Nunc ad castra meus procul exsulat actus Amyntas Nunc eadem terns et rnihi venit hiems. Plurima Isetitise tune undique risit imago, Cuique erat in gremio vis, et in ore nitor : Nunc nihil audieris nisi maesti sibila venti, Nunc nihil aspicias hinc nisi et inde nivem. 266 TRANSLATIONS. The trees are a' bare, and the birds mute and dowie, They shake the cauld drift frae their wings as they flee ; And chirp out their plaints, seeming \vae for my Johnnie ; Tis winter wi' them and 'tis winter wi' me. TANNAHILL. TRANSLATIONS. 267 Arbos muta; silent pavefactse, interque volandum Excutiunt alls sessile frigus, aves; Voce loqui visse blanda, Ploramus Amyntam. Venit hiems illis : et mihi venit hiems. 268 TRANSLATIONS. HE sung what spirit thro' the whole mass is spread, Everywhere all : how Heavens God's laws approve And think it rest eternally to move : How the kind Sun usefully comes and goes, Wants it himself, yet gives to Man repose : He sung how Earth blots the Moon's gilded wane Whilst foolish men beat sounding brass in vain, Why the great waters her slight horns obey, Her changing horns not constanter than they : He sung how grisly comets hung in air, Why swords and plagues attend their fatal hair, God's beacons for the world, drawn up so far To publish ills, and raise all earth to war : What radiant pencil draws the watery bow, What ties up hail, and picks the fleecy snow; What palsy of the Earth here shakes fix'd hills From off her brows, and here whole rivers spills. Thus did this Heathen Nature's secrets tell, And sometimes missed the cause, but sought it well. COWLEY. TRANSLATIONS. 269 " Est Deus in nobis: agitante calescimus illo" NAMQUE canebat uti, penetrans omnem undique, totam Spiritus intus agat molem : confirmet ut aether Jura Dei, requiemque putet sine fine moveri. Sol ut eat redeatque suos iter almus in usus, Detque viris, quanquam desideret ipse, soporem. Aureaque ut lucem premat objice Cynthia terra, At stulti temere sera viri crepitantia plangant : Unde regat parvis eadem mare cornubus ingens, Queis mare non levius, non inconstantius, ipsum. Cur visse in coelo tristes pendere cometae, Fataiemque comam morbique ensesque sequantur. Ilia decs dare signa viris, et figere coelo, Quo vulgent mala, quove vocent in proelia gentes. Quis radio pluvium describat gentibus arcum, Vellera quid pectet nivis, ac tortum alliget imbrem. Unde tremens tellus, nunc deturbarit in ipsa Fronte sitos montes, nunc totum effuderit amnem. Barbarus explicuit sic rerum arcana; latentes Impar saepe loqui, par semper quaerere, causas. 270 TRANSLATIONS. THE NEREIDS. THE Nereid maids in days of yore Saw the lost pilot loose the helm, Saw the wreck blacken all the shore, And every wave some head o'erwhelm. Afar the youngest of the train Beheld (but fear'd and aided not) A minstrel from the billowy main Borne breathless near her coral grot : Then terror fled, and pity rose " Ah me," she cried, " I come too late ! Rather than not have soothed his woes, I would, but may not, share his fate." TRANSLATIONS. 271 "Sedet ceternumque sedebit" NEREIDES (sic fama refert) videre puellae Rector ut excideret puppe, subactus aquis : Litus uti fractis nigresceret omne carinis, Omnis et abreptum volveret unda caput. At procul a pelago stans una, novissima natu, (Ni metus obstaret, forte tulisset opem), Semanimum vatem spumosis vidit ab undis Ad se curalio tecta latebat agi. Turn retro metus omnis lit, miserataque casum "Veni ego," conclamat, "vse mihi! sera nimis. " Mallem equidem, tantos quam non mulsisse dolores, " Ipsa pari possem si modo sorte mori." 272 TRANSLATIONS. She raised his hand. "What hand like this Could reach the heart athwart the lyre? What lips like these return my kiss, Or breathe, incessant, soft desire?" From eve to morn, from morn to eve, She gazed his features o'er and o'er, And those who love and who believe, May hear her sigh along the shore. W. S. LANDOR. TRANSLATIONS. 273 Inde levans dextram, "Num par," ait, "illius un- quam " Perveniet tacta cordis ad ima lyra ? "Talibus aut quisquam mihi dividet oscula labris, "Dum tenerum id numquam dicere cessat, Amo?" Jamque dies nocti subit altera, noxque diei, At sedet, at vultum perlegit ilia viri. Illam, si quis amans et non incredulus idem est, Audiat ut circa litus anhelet adhuc. OF THB (T TJ TT7 -P -D Q TT 1 ^ 274 TRANSLATIONS. WEEP NO MORE. WEEP no more, nor sigh, nor groan ; Sorrow calls no time that's gone ; Violets plucked, the sweetest rain Makes not fresh nor grow again: Trim thy locks, look cheerfully; Fates hidden ends eyes cannot see: Joys as winged dreams fly fast; Why should sadness longer last? Grief is but a wound to woe ; Gentlest fair, mourn, mourn no mo. FLETCHER. TRANSLATIONS. 275 " Ne doleas plus nimio" FLENDI jam satis, et satis gemendi. Nee tempus lacrymis vocaris actum, Carptis nee violis benigna quamvis Nasci dat pluvia ac virere rursum. Quin crines colis explicasque vultum? Fati caeca nefas videre nobis. Somni par fugit alitis voluptas : Quidni tristitiae modus sit idem? Fletu nil nisi prorogas dolorem. Sat, dulcissima Philli, sat dolendi. 276 TRANSLATIONS. GLUMDALITCH'S LAMENT. WHY did I trust thee with that giddy youth ? Who from a page can ever learn the truth ? Versed in court-tricks, that money-loving boy To some lord's daughter sold the living toy; Or rent him limb from limb in cruel play, As children tear the wings of flies away. From place to place o'er Brobdingnag I'll roam, And never will return, or bring thee home. But who hath eyes to trace the passing wind? How these thy fairy footsteps can I find ? Dost thou bewilder'd wander all alone In the green thicket of a mossy stone ; Or, tumbled from the toadstool's slippery round, Perhaps, all maim'd, lie groveling on the ground? Dost thou, embosom'd in the lovely rose, Or sunk, within the peach's down, repose? Within the kingcup if thy limbs are spread, Or in the golden cowslip's velvet head, TRANSLATIONS. 277 "Ilium absens dbsentem auditque videtque" MENS levis est juvenum. Quid te commisimus illi? Quisve putet famulo cuilibet esse fidem? Tene, ut Tulliolis esses ludibria vivus, Vendidit aularum doctus amansque lucri? Ceuve solent pueri pennas avellere muscis, Ossibus horribili distulit ossa joco ? At Cyclopeas errabo hinc inde per oras : At referar nunquam, te nisi nacta, domum. Sed quis enim celeres oculo deprenderit auras? Qua Lemurum similes prosequar arte pedes? Muscosusne lapis, frondens te silva, fatigat, Quaerentem socios exanimemque metu? An teretis nimium lapsus de vertice fungi, Cernuus incumbis membraque truncus humi? Purpureine lates tectus lanugine mali? An rosa te grernio dulce soporat onus? Si calice in calthi totus jam extenderis, aut si Aureus in molli te vehit axe crocus : 278 TRANSLATIONS. show me Flora, 'midst those sweets, the flower Where sleeps my Grildrig in the fragrant bower? But ah! I fear thy little fancy roves On little females, and on little loves ; Thy pigmy children, and thy tiny spouse, The baby playthings that adorn thy house, Doors, windows, chimneys, and the spacious rooms, Equal in size to cells of honeycombs : Hast thou for these now ventured from the shore, Thy bark a bean-shell and a straw thy oar? POPE. TRANSLATIONS. 279 Monstra, Flora, mihi, qui flos e millibus unus Silvula delicias condit odora meas ! Quanquam ah ! quam vereor ne parvi forsan amores, Duxerit et parvum femina parva sinum. Pigmaei pueri, veraque minutior uxor, Quotque tuos ornent frivola cunque lares : Porta, fenestra, foci, spatiosa? scilicet aulae, Mole pares cellis qua thyma condit apis ; Haeccine sunt litus pro queis abscondere nostrum Ausus eras, remo stramine, lintre faba ? u 280 TRANSLATIONS. LAURA MATILDA'S DIRGE. FKOM " REJECTED ADDRESSES." BALMY zephyrs, lightly flitting, Shade me with your azure wing ; On Parnassus' summit sitting, Aid me, Clio, while I sing. I Softly slept the dome of Drury O'er the empyreal crest, When Alecto's sister-fury Softly slumb'ring sunk to rest. Lo ! from Lemnos limping lamely, Lags the lowly Lord of Fire, Cytherea yielding tamely To the Cyclops dark and dire. TRANSLATIONS. 281 Ncenia. O QUOT odoriferi volitatis in aere venti, Casruleum tegmen vestra sit ala mihi : Tuque sedens Parnassus ubi caput erigit ingens, Dextra veni, Clio : teque docente canam. Jam suaves somnos Tholus affectare Theatri Caeperat, igniflui trans laqueare poli : Alectus consanguineam quo tempore Erinnyn, Suave soporatam, crepit adire quies. Lustra sed ecce labans claudo pede Lemnia linquit Luridus (at lente lugubriterque) Deus : Amisit veteres, amisit inultus, amores ; Teter liabet Venerem terribilisque Cyclops. 282 TRANSLATIONS. Clouds of amber, dreams of gladness, Dulcet joys and sports of youth, Soon must yield to haughty sadness ; Mercy holds the veil to Truth. See Erostratus the second Fires again Diana's fane ; By the Fates from Orcus beckon'd Clouds envelop Drury Lane. Where is Cupid's crimson motion ? Billowy ecstasy of woe, Bear me straight, meandering ocean, Where the stagnant torrents flow. Blood in every vein is gushing, Vixen vengeance lulls my heart ; See the Gorgon gang is rushing ! Never, never let us part. TRANSLATIONS. 283 Electri nebulas, potioraque somnia vero ; Quotque placent pueris gaudia, quotque joci ; Omnia tristiti^e fas concessisse superbaB : Admissum Pietas scitque premitque nefas. Respice ! Nonne vides ut Erostratus alter ad sedem Rursus agat flammas, spreta Diana, tuam ? Mox, Acheronteis quas Parca eduxit ab antris, Druriacum nubes corripuere domum. O ubi purpurei motus pueri alitis ? o qui Me mihi turbineis surripis, angor, aquis ! Due, labyrintheum, due me, mare, tramite recto Quo rapid! fontes, pigra caterva, ruunt ! Jamque soporat enim pectus Yindicta Virago ; Omnibus a venis sanguinis unda salit ; Gorgoneique greges pra3ceps (adverte !) feruntur Sim, precor, o ! semper sim tibi junctus ego. 284 TRANSLATIONS. HEKRIOK. AMABILLIS. HER. MY dearest love, since thou wilt go, And leave me here behind thee ; For love or pitie, let me know The place where I may find thee. AM. In country meadowes, pearled with dew, And set about with lilies : There, filling maunds with cowslips, you May find your Amarillis. HER. What have the meades to do with thee, Or with thy youthfull houres ? Live thee at court where thou may'st be The Queen of men, not flowers. TRANSLATIONS. 285 In pratis studiosd florum. HOR. O QU^E sola places mihi, Si vis ire tamen, nosque relinquere, Die te si quis amor mei, Si restat pietas quo repetam loco ? AM. Inter pascua, ros ubi Par gemmae rutilat, daedala liliis, Implentem calathos, tuam Illic invenias fors Amaryllida. HOR. Quid te pascua detinent Annis te teneris ? I pete Caesaris Aulam ; non ibi flosculos Flectes imperiis, sed potius viros. 28(3 TRANSLATIONS. Let country wenches make ? em fine With posies, since 'tis fitter For thee with richest jemmes to shine, And like the starres to glitter. HERRICK. TRANSLATIONS. 287 Certet rustica Phidyle Se jactare rosis : te decorarier Gemmis rectius Indise Et lucere parem sideris aurei. 288 TRANSLATIONS. CA' THE EWES. As I gaed down the waterside, There I met my shepherd lad, He row'd me sweetly in his plaid, And he ca'd me his dearie. CHOR. Ca' the ewes to the knowes, Ca' them where the heather grows, Ca' them where the burnie flows, My bonnie dearie. Will ye gang down the waterside, And see the waves sae sweetly glide, Beneath the hazels spreading wide ? The moon it shines fu' clearly. TRANSLATIONS. 289 Pastor, Virgo. vi R. Pastor erranti mihi propter amnem Obvius venit meus, ambiensque Suaviter palla, " Mihi," dixit, " una es, Phylli, voluptas." AM BO. Due ad acclives tumulos, genista Due ubi frondent juga, rivulusque Volvitur, matres gregis, o meorum Finis amorum ! PAS. An libet ferri tibi propter amnem ; Ceruere et fluctus ut eant amoeni Subter umbrosas corylos, nee abdant Nubila lunam ? 290 TRANSLATIONS. I was bred up at Dae sic school, My shepherd lad, to play the fool, And a' the day to sit in dool, And naebody to see me. Ye shall get gowns and ribbons meet, Cauf-leather shoon upon your feet, And in my arms ye's lie and sleep, And ye shall be my dearie. If ye'll but stand to what you've said, I's gang wi' you, my shepherd lad, And ye may rowe me in your plaid, And I sail be your dearie. While waters wimple to the sea, While day blinks in the lift sae hie, Till clay-cauld death sail blind my eye Ye shall be my dearie. BURNS. TRANSLATIONS. 291 VI R. Non erat primis mihi mos ab annis Prosequi lusus, puer, inficetos ; Non queri, quam longa, diem, nee unquam Cernier ulli. PAS. Coaque, et vittae tibi, quasque tergum Det juvencorum soleae ambulant!, Dos erunt, nostris et onus lacertis Dulce quiesces. VIR. Haereas istis modo rite dictis, Turn libens tecum, bone pastor, ibo ; Pallium obduces mihi, meque dices Unus amatam. PAS. Dum patens amnes trepident in aequor, Bideat dum sol super arce caeli, Te, premet donee mea frigus orci j Lumina, amabo. 292 TRANSLATIONS. THE GENTLE SHEPHERD. PEG. O PATIE, let me gang, I mauna stay : We're baith cry'd hame, and Jeanie she's away. PAT. I'm laith to part sae soon ; now we're alane, And Roger he's away wi' Jeanie gane : They're as content, for aught I hear or see, To be alane themselves, I judge, as we. Here, where primroses thickest paint the green, Hard by this little burnie let us lean : Hark ! how the lav'rocks chant aboon our heads, How saft the westlin' winds sough through the reeds. PEG. The scented meadow-birds and healthy breeze, For aught I ken, may mair than Peggy please. PAT. Ye wrang me sair to doubt my being kind ; In speaking sae, ye ca' me dull and blind, Gif I could fancy aught's sae sweet and fair TRANSLATIONS. 293 Delia, Mopsus. D. DEC ED AM sine, Mopse ; nefas mini, Mopse, morari : Phyllis abest,poscuntquedomi me teque parentes. M. Tarn propere piget avelli ; nunc denique nulli Cernimur, et Cory don cum Phyllide cessit in agros. Si qua fides oculis aut auribus, haud minus illis Quam mihi quamque tibi solis, reor, esse voluntas. Hie, narcissus ubi viridem densissimus agrum Pingit, ad hunc tenuern flectamus corpora rivum. Audis quern cantum supra det alauda, notique Ut per ar undine am suspirent leniter ulvam ? D. Suavis odor prati, volucresque aurasque salubres, Credo equidem sunt, Mopse, magis quam Delia cordi. M. Xon equidem hoc merui : nostro diffidis amori ? Istud ais ? Nimirum oculis et mente vacarem, Fingere si possem tarn dulce et amabile quidquam, 294 TRANSLATIONS. As my sweet Meg, or worthy of my care. Thy breath is sweeter than the sweetest briar, Thy cheek and breast the finest flowers appear : Thy words excel the maist delightfu' notes That warble through the merle or mavis' throats With thee I tent nae flowers that busk the field, Or ripest berries that our mountains yield ; The sweetest fruits that hing upon the tree Are far inferior to a kiss of thee. K AM SAY. TRANSLATIONS. 295 Tamve meae dignum, quam dulcis Delia, curas. Ora halant tua suave magis quocunque roseto ; Flos sinus, ac florum splendent par nobile malae : At vox prsccellit quod jucundissimum ab ullo Aut turdi aut merulse stillatur gutture murmur. Me nulli alliciunt, pratorum insignia, flores, Bacca nee in clivis quamvis matura paternis, Sis modo tu mecum : praedulcia sustinet arbos Poma ; tamen pomis tua dulcius oscula Mopso. 296 TRANSLATIONS. "POOR TREE." POOK tree ; a gentle mistress placed thee here, To be the glory of the glade around. Thy life has not survived one fleeting year, And she too sleeps beneath another mound. But mark what differing terms your fates allow, Though like the period of your swift decay ; Thine are the sapless root and wither'd bough ; Hers the green memory and immortal day. CARLISLE, TRANSLATIONS. 297 Fkbilis Arbor. TE dominae pia cura solo, miseranda, locarat Patentis, arbor, ut fores agri decus. At mansit tua vita brevem non amplius annum ; At ipsa dormit extero sub aggere. Quam diversa tamen sors est (adverte) duarum ! Fugax utramque vexit hora ; sed tibi, Arbor, truncus iners, frons arida restat : at illi Perenne lumen ac virens adhuc amor. Idem aliter redditum. MOLL is hue hera quam tulit caducam Ut saltus decus, arbor, emineres Anno non superas brevi peracto ; At cespes procul ambit arctus illam. Pares funere (dispares eaedem Quanto discite) marcuistis ambae. Frons restat tibi passa, sicca radix ; Illi lux nova jugiter virenti. 298 TRANSLATIONS. %* The six following translations were made for " Hymns Ancient and Modern, with some Metri- cal Translations" etc., published 1867. XLIV. CHRISTMAS. LANIGEEOS, acclinis humo, pastoria pubes Custodiebat dum greges ; Splendescente polo longe lateque, Jehovae Descendit ales nuncius. Qui " Quid " ait " tremitis " namque anxia pectora terror Immanis occupaverat " Grata fero : magnum jubeo laetarier et vos Et quicquid est mortalium. Namque in Davidis urbe, satus quoque Davidis idem E stirpe, jamjam nascitur Vestra Salus, Dominus vester, cognomine Christus ; Signoque vobis hoc erit : TRANSLATIONS. 299 Invenietur ibi caelestis scilicet Infans, Spectabiturque jam viris ; Fascia velarit meritum non talia corpus, Condente praesepi caput." Dixerat ales. Eo simul apparere videres Dicente lucentem chorum Arce profectorum supera ; paeanaque laetum His ordiebantur modis : " Qui colit alta Deo summi tribuantur honores, Virisque pax arrideat ; Protenus excipiat caeli indulgentia terras, Haud dirimenda sa3culis." cxxx. PENTECOST. profecti vis et ira nuntiae Fuere quondam Numinis : Nimbos secantis pedibus ; instar ignium Hac parte, nigros alter a. At prodeunti vis amorque denuo Ibant ministri ; mollius 300 TRANSLATIONS. Sacer Palurabes dimovebat aera Quam mane primo flamina. Quot occuparant irapetu flammae fero Arcem Sinai, suaviter Tot consecratum nunc in omne defluunt Caput, corona nobilis. Ac vox uti praegrandis arrectas metu, Ut clangor aures perculit, (Caelestium quo cretus audito tremunt,) E nocte trepidans nubium ; Sic prodeunte Spiritu Dei suos, Ut pastor, inventuni greges, Late sonabat vox, profecta caslitus, Tumultuosi turbinis. Templum Jehovas qua, scatetque criminum Fecundus orbis undique ; In pervicaci scilicet demum sinu Desideratura locum. Hue, Numen adsis ! Vis, Amor, Prudentia, Adsis ut aures audiant ; Bene ominatum quisque captet ut diem Amore sospes an metu. TRANSLATIONS. 301 CXXXIX. Qui pretium nostrae vitam dedit, ante f Supremum Valete ' quam vix edidit, Solamenque Ducemque viris legarat eundem, Quo contubernales forent. Venit at I lie suse par tern dulcedinis ultro Ut hospes efflaret bonus, Nactus ubi semel esset, amat qua sede morari, Casti latebras pectoris. Hinc illae auditae voces, qualemque susurrum , Nascente captes Vespero ; Quo posuere metus, patitur quo frena libido, Spirare viso caelitus. Ac virtutis inest si quid tibi, si quid honorum Claro triumphis contigit ; Venerit in mentem si quid divinius unquam ; Haec muneris sunt Illius. At candens, at mite veni nunc, Numen, opemque Nostrae fer impotentiae ; Cor mine omne domus pateat tua ; feceris omne Cor incola te dignius. 302 TRANSLATIONS. Vosque Patrem, Natum vos tollite ; neve recuses Tu sancte laudem Spiritus : Dignus enim tolli, Tria qui Deus audit in Uno, Unumve malit in Tribus. CXCVII. AUXILIUM quondam, nunc spes, Deus, unica nostri ; Flante noto portus, praeteritoque domus : Gens habitat secura tuae tua sedis in umbra ; Simus ut incolumes efficit una manus. Terrae olim neque forma fuit neque collibus ordo : Tu, quot eunt anni, numen es unus idem. Saecla vides abiisse, fugax ut vesper ; ut actis Quse tenebris reducem prorogat hora diem. *Stant populi, ceu mane novo juga florea, quorum Marcidus ad noctem falce jacebit honos : *Tu "suboles terrena, redi" nee plura locuto, Quippe satae gentes pulvere pulvis erunt. Quos genuit, secum rotat usque volubilis astas ; Ut sopor in cassum, luce solutus, eunt. TRANSLATIONS. 303 Tu quondam auxilium, spes nunc, Deus, ultima nostri, Sis columen trepidis, emeritisque domus. * Two stanzas are translated here which do not appear in the received editions of Hymns Ancient and Modern. They are quoted as part of this hymn by Miss Bronte in Shirley, and run as follows : " Thy word commands our flesh to dust ' Return, ye sons of men ; ' All nations rose from earth at first, And turn to earth again. " Like flowery fields the nations stand, Fresh in the morning light ; The flowers beneath the mower's hand Lie withering ere 'tis night ! " Possibly Miss Bronte quoted from memory, and the true version of the first stanza may be All nations rose from earth, and must Return to earth again. 304 TRANSLATIONS. ccxx. Quo chaos ac tenebrre quondam fugere locuto, Supplicis, Omnipotens, accipe vota cliori : Quaque jubar nondum micuit quod sole, quod astris Clarius est, dicas " Exoriare dies ! " Qui dignatus eras descendere more sequestri Alitis ad terrain, luxque salusque virum ; ^Egro mente salus, lux interioris egeno Luminis : at toto jam sit in orbe dies ! Unde fides, amor unde venit ; qui Spiritus audis ; Carpe, dator vita3, sancte Palumbes, iter : Incubet a3therios spargens tua forma nitores Fluctubus, ut terrae lustret opaca dies ! Quique, Triplex, splendes tamen integer ; ipse vicissim Robur, Amor, Virtus ; usque beate Deus : Quale superbit aquis indignaturque teneri Fine carens pelagus, crescat ubique dies ! TRANSLATIONS. 305 CCXLII. DEDICATION OF A CHURCH. VERBUM superni Numinis Qui cuncta comples, hanc domum Amore certo consecres Et feriatis annuas. E fonte pueros hoc fluit In criminosos gratia ; Beata cogit unctio Nitere nuper sordidos. Hie Christus animis dat cibo Corpus suum fidelibus ; Caelestis agnus proprii Fert ipse calycem sanguinis. Hinc venia mrcstis ac salus Reis emenda ; dum favet Judex, et ingens gratia Scelere sepultos integrat. Hie, regnat alte qui Deus, Benignus habitat ; hie pium 306 TRANSLATIONS. Pectus gubernat atria Desiderantum caslica In dedicatam trux domum. Procella nequidquam furit ; Atrox eo vis Tartar! Passura fertur dedecus. At robur, at laus tibi, Pater, Sit comparique Filio ; Diique amoris vinculo, Dam sa?cla cm-runt, Flamini. OF THK UNIVERSITY BEBKELEY LIBRARIES I Vft^ v\