i.-IJS OF COURT MILITARY & NAVAL SBRVICBS t 7. SHORT HISTORY MILITARY & NAVAL SERVICES THE IXNS OF COURT THE MEMBERS OF Till- I1EXCII AND I'.AU. ftam flic tinu of tbf Saltlt of Jijasliiui BY F. C. NORTON, BAJ5KISTUU-AT-LAW / LONDON: WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, 13, CHARING CROSS. 1886. Pri< o One Shilling. A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITAEY & NAVAL SEEVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT AND THE MEMBERS OF THE BENCH AND BAE, Jfrom % time of fyt Battle of Hastings. BY F. C. NORTON, BARRISTER-AT-LAW AND SERGEANT I.C.R.V. s/ LONDON: WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, 13, CHAKING CKOSS. 1886. A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITAKY AND NAVAL SEEVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. IN the following pages I have endeavoured to collect and put together from such well-known books as Foss's ' Lives of the Judges,' and Forster's and Carlyle's writings, from the documents in the Record Office, and the reports of the Historical Commission, the publications of the Camden Society, and from the ' Memorials of Temple Bar,' by T. C. Noble, some account of the military and naval services rendered by the Bench and the Bar during the long course of English history. In doing so, I have hoped to excite an interest in the subject, which may be the means of leading to further information being obtained. At all events, it may serve to show that throughout the whole period, there have been occasions when from time to time the Inns of Court as a body and the members of it as individuals have played an important part in the military history of England. In the early days of English history, in a disturbed and unsettled state of society, the Judges were often called upon to perform functions which in these days would be hardly considered to come within the judicial office ; and indeed, as has frequently happened since in India and the Colonies, whilst soldiers had to take on themselves the duties of the Judges, Judges and barristers often had to take on them- selves the duties of the soldier. Of the Normans present at the battle of Hastings, William FitzOsborne, who commanded one of the three divi- sions ; Bishop Odo, whose mace caused such fearful havoc ; Geoffrey of Constance, who held a distinguished command ; B 2 2000140 4 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITARY AND William de Warenne, who also held a command; Robert, Earl of Morton, who carried the banner of St. Michael ; and Kicbard Fitzgerald, were all afterwards Judges. Less than one hundred years after the Conquest, and in the year 1138, Walter Espec, Justiciar and Justice, success- fully performed the difficult operation of conducting a mixed army of conquerors and conquered, against an invasion of a common enemy, the Scotch, and so at the battle of the Standard laid the first foundation of the future successes of the English arms. Many of the Judges fought in the wars of King John, and of those, Roger Bigot, Justiciar, and William de Huntingfield, Justice Itinerant, were amongst the twenty-five Barons appointed to enforce Magna Charta. Hubert de Burgh, Chief Justiciary, and William Mareschale, Earl of Pembroke, Justiciar, commanded the levies who defeated the French invasion in 1216-1217 at Dover and Lincoln. The London "Voluntaries," who fought (and to tell the truth were soundly beaten) at Lewes in 1264, were commanded by Nicholas de Segrave, son of Gilbert de Segrave, Justice of the Common Pleas. Hugh de Cressingham, Justice Itinerant, was not more fortunate in his command at the battle of Stirling, 1297, being defeated by Wallace, on which occasion " Scoti ob odium speciale excoriantes pellem ejus in particulas diviserunt " (Walsingham), and thus established a precedent for partition, which has apparently, however, been viewed with disfavour by the authorities, as it is not even mentioned in Seton. On the 22nd of May, 1305, when the Temple Gardens were still in the possession of the Master and Chivalry of the Temple, they were the scene of one of the most brilliant military displays ever made in England. The news of the rising of Robert Bruce in Scotland and of the murder of the Red Comyn had just reached London when King Edward I., having determined to put down the insurrection, caused his son to be knighted there with great ceremony, and with him 270 of the noblest youths in the kingdom before sending them to the North. On this occasion it seems that, in order to make room for the tents of the young candidates for knighthood, the trees in the Temple Gardens were cut down. After they had watched their arms during one night, according to the custom of the times, the king knighted the whole band of com- panions in arms on the following day, and in the evening there was a grand banquet. NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. 5 I have been unable to find the authority for the account given in the ' Comprehensive History of England,' but the description of the expedition which followed is so quaintly given in Capgrave's 'Chronicle of England,' that I have ventured to reproduce it. After a passage which commences with the words " There was a man of Scotland thei clepped Robert Brusse," and which explains the circumstances attending his rising, the chronicler goes on : " After this the Kyng dubbed his son Knyte and many other young men with him and sent them to Scotland. After hem folowed Aymere of Valens, the Erl of Pembrook, Eobert G-iffard, Kerry Percy, and many other, and thei mad that same Robert Brusse to fle into theferthest yle of Scotland." That " that same Robert Brusse " lived to fight again, Roger de Northburgh, Keeper of the Great Seal, found to his cost, being one of the prisoners who were captured at the battle of Bannockburn, he having at the time the Royal Signet, or petty seal, in his possession. Robert Bouchier, Chief Justice of the King's Bench in Ireland, and Richard le Scrope, afterwards Chancellor, were both present at the battle of Crefy, the former with so large an array that his allowance amounted to 4017. 10s. ; the latter also took part in the defeat of the Scotch at Nevil's Cross, and in the great sea fight and victory at Rye in 1350. John de Delves, afterwards Keeper of the Great Seal, won his spurs at the battle of Poictiers, as one of the four squires of Lord Audley ; and Lord Chancellor Beaufort held a high command at the battle of Agincourt. In 1381 the Inns of Court were kept fully employed by Wat Tyler and his followers, " For her intent was to kille alle the men that learned any lawe, and in hate of them thei brent her.e place at London cleped Temple Bar," and the chronicler might have added, killed poor old John de Cavendish, the Chief Justice. I have not been able to ascertain that the Inns of Court took any part, as a body, in the Wars of the Roses, although from their numbers and the position of their Inns they must have been able to exercise an important control over the destinies of London ; nor have I been able to connect the old story of the choice of the red and white roses in the Temple Gardens, as I had thought possible, with any faction badges worn by the barristers and students. John Fortescue, Chief Justice, however, fought at Towton and Tewkesbury. 6 A SHOET HISTORY OF THE MILITARY AND Kichard Nevile Earl of Salisbury, Chancellor to Henry VI., and father to the famous Earl of Warwick, was taken prisoner at Wakefield, and beheaded the following day. Thomas Thorpe, Baron of the Exchequer, was made prisoner at the battle of Northampton, and afterwards beheaded. And Thomas Urswyke, Chief Justice of the Exchequer, when Eecorder of the city of London, was instrumental in defeating the Lancas- trian attack on the city of London in 1467, being, according to Holinshead, as quoted by Foss, " well armed in a strong jacke." In 'Machyn's Diary,' published by the Camden Society, appears the following entry, in the year 1554: " On the xij day of Juin was a gret fray be-twyn the Lord Warden's servants of Kent and the Ines of Greys Inn and Lynkolne(s) Inn, and some sleyn and hurt ;" but as to the nature of the fray, I cannot find any further information, and it was probably only one of the many faction fights of the time. The first organised body formed by the Inns of Court appears to have been in 1584, when associations were formed by them to assist in the defence of the country from the Spanish Armada. The deed, associating the members of Lincoln's Inn is still in existence, having been preserved by Thomas Egerton, then Solicitor-General, and afterwards Chancellor, who was the first to sign it. It is now amongst the Egerton papers in the possession of Lord Ellesmere, and a copy of it was published by the Camden Society in 1840. A copy of this copy now hangs in the Drill Hall, Lincoln's Inn. The deed seems to be drafted with considerable skill, so as to bind all, whether Roman Catholics or others. It commences with the words, " Forasmuch as Almightie God hath or- dayned Kynges, Quenes, and Princes to have dominion and rule over all their subjects and in like sorte that all subjects should love, feare, and obey their Soveraigne Princes being Kynges or Quenes," and after reciting that it appears from depositions, &c., that " the lief of our gracious Soveraigne Quene Elizabeth hath been moost trayterously and devylishly soughte," it goes on to witness that the signatories " doe hereby vowe and promise before the majestie of Almightie God that with our whoale powers, bodies, lyves, landes, and goodes, and with our children and servantes wee and every of us will faythf'ully serve and humbly obay our said soveraigne lady Quene Elizabeth against all estates, dignities, and earthly powers whatso- ever, and will as well with our joynte as perticuler forces cluringe our lyves withstande, offende, and pursue as well NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. 7 by force of armes as by all other meanes of revenge, all maner of persons, of what estate soever they shal be, and their abettors that shall attempte by any acte, counsell, or consent to any thinge that shall tende to the harme of her Ma ties royall person," and further binds them not to accept any person " who by her untimely death soe wickedly procured shall pretende title to the Crowne of this realme." The original bears 95 signatures, but unfortunately the Camden Society, from want of space, have omitted to print more than the first 20 : these are as follows : Tho. Egerton, Eauffe Eokeby, John Davy, George Kyngesmyll, Eic. Kyngesmyll, Amos Dalton, Humfrey Brydges, Eobert Eyche, Chr. Jenneye, Peter Warburton, 0. Eytche, Avarey Copley, Toby Aston, Tho. Thornton, Eobte. Clerke, John Tyndall, John Glanvyle, Thomas Palmer, Eoger Pope, John Evelyn, &c. Considering that a few years previously, on the 27th of December, 1578, the Lord of Misrule of the Temple, under the direction of Sir Christopher Hatton, as Master of the Eevels, had ridden through London " in clene complett harness gilt, with a hundred great horse and gentyllmen ryding gorgyously with chanes of gold and there horses trapyt unto the Ternpule," it is clear that these Associations of the Inns of Court must have been of considerable im- portance at the time. Sir Christopher Hatton, as Lord-Lieutenant of North- amptonshire, was himself very active in raising forces to oppose the Spanish Armada. The Eecord Office contains considerable evidence of this. Sir Francis Drake and Sir Walter Ealeigh were both members of the Mi- Idle Temple. We have a copy of a rather amusing letter from the former in the Drill Hall, in which, whilst sending some prisoners on shore to be introduced to the Queen by Lord Walsingliam or " my Lord Chancellor," he is very careful to explain that as regards ransom, " If they should be given from me unto any other it would be some grief to my friends. If Her Majestie will have them God defend, but I shall think it happie." A copy of the order of the Bench directing a banquet to be given to Sir Walter Ealeigh, " member of this house," on his return from his voyage round the world, is framed under his portrait at the Middle Temple. Sir Philip Sydney appears to have been a member of Gray's Inn ; and indeed, to quote the words afterwards used by Charles I., there were 8 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITARY AND very few gentlemen of position who did not at one time or other attend the Inns of Court. The only event of a military character connected with the Inns of Court during the reign of James I. seems to have been of a somewhat comic nature. The Benchers having proposed to entertain the King at a masque, and having borrowed for that purpose " great store of ordnance " from the Tower, " as much as would fill two carts," certain unruly students affrighted that courageous monarch by firing off the said ordnance at dead of night, " whereat the Kyng did run to his window and cry ' treason ! treason ' ! " With the reign, however, of his son Charles I. matters became more serious. There seems evidently to have been towards the end of James I. reign, a scare in military circles not very dissimilar to that which occurred in 18CO, and amongst other things proposals were made for the establish- ment of riding schools all over the country. In connection with this scare, one of the early acts of King Charles after he citine to the throne, was to address a circular letter, of which we have an office copy, to the Benchers of the different Inns, requesting them to call upon the students at their times of recreation, to exercise themselves in arms, and par- ticularly in horsemanship, in which the English nation was very deficient, not, as the letter goes on to say, " that any the students of our Lawes should by this occasion neglect their studies, but that they should change their former exercise in time of vacancie and recreation." As the result of this appeal, the gentlemen of the Inns of Court, on the 3rd of February 1633, rode "in solemn triumph" with a masque before His Majesty properly armed and equipped. This masque would appear to have afforded unbounded satisfaction to at all events one of the spectators, who corn- posed as " a brief expression of his delight on the occasion " an ode, of which no less than three copies at all events are still in existence, one being in the Record Office, and the other two being mentioned in the reports of the Historical Commission. It is not a little curious that the writer makes use of the expression " Charles's peaceful reign," thus clearly proving himself to be certainly no prophet. The masque is also referred to in terms of high praise by other contem- poraneous writers. But the military services of the Inns of Court were not to end in mere peaceful parades. It appears from the documents quoted by Mr. Forster, in his ' Arrest of the Five Members,' NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. 9 that in December, 1641, the tumults had already begun, that prentices and baser sort of citizens, sailors, and watermen were in the habit of assembling in great numbers every day at Westminster, armed with swords, halberds, and clubs. Mr. Forster's argument that the mob must have been un- armed because at first they ran away when charged by the Life Guards, is more curious than convincing. " These tumults had made the King to keep a strong guard about Whitehall of the trained bands without, and of gentlemen and officers of the army within." When from mere tumultuous assembling the matter grew to rioting, the gentlemen of the Inns of Court seem to have considered that the time had come for action, and accordingly they marched down 500 strong to offer their services to the King as a body guard, which offer was accepted, and they remained at Westminster as his body guard for some days. This determined action on their part and in addition a threat used by one of them that if necessary they would send down to the country and fetch up their tenants produced an effect in the Parliament which was evidently very great, and after a hasty deliberation four members were sent off to ascertain from the different Inns what their intentions were. In reply to them the four Inns returned the extremely proper answer, " That they had only an intent to defend the King's person, and would like- wise to their utmost also defend the Parliament, being not able to make any distinction between King and Parliament, and that they would ever express all true affection to the House of Commons in particular." In other words, that although the Inns of Court had no intention of interfering with the lawfully constituted authority of Parliament they did not mean to permit their sovereign to be insulted by the rabble. When at the commencement of the civil war the King went to Oxford, one of those who joined him there was Lord Lyttelton, Keeper of the Great Seal, and almost the first use made of it by the King on his arrival was to grant him a commission to raise a regiment of infantry from the gentlemen of the Inns of Court for the defence of the City and University of Oxford. A copy of this document or rather of the docket to it is given by Lord Campbell in his ' Lives of the Chancellors,' and it states that the original is amongst the State Papers. I have, however, been unable to verify this, as the papers for this period are not yet indexed. The copy given by Lord Campbell runs as follows : 10 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITARY AND Doquet of Instrument passed under the Great Seal of Charles I. at Oxford. " A commission granted to Edward Lord Littleton Lo. Keep, of the Create Scale, to raise a regiment of foot souldiers, consisting of gent, of the Inns of Court & Chauncy, and of all ministers & officers belonging to the Court of Chauncy, and their servants, and of gent, and others who will voluntarily put themselves under his command to serve his Ma tie for the security of the Universitie & Cittie of Oxford. T e apud Oxon xxi die Maij ARK Caroli xx. " per ipsrn Regem." The regiment was quickly formed and its numbers filled up, and Lord Lyttelton is said to have been most assiduous in drilling it. It was from a cold caught whilst so engaged that he died. He seems to have been succeeded by Chief Justice Heath who ultimately commanded the garrison of Oxford. This regiment of infantry, however, was not the only force raised by the Inns of Court in support of the King, for as appears from a letter written by Lady Sussex to Sir R. Verney, they also raised a regiment of cavalry. Her letter runs as follows : Countess of Sussex to Sir It. Verney. " We have great store of soldiers now at St. Albans came to- night and they say three score carts of amunition and things for that use & ten great pieces drawn upon wheels & the Inns of Court Gentlemen to guard my Lord's person is come too they say very fine & very well horsed. If these Soldiers be passed I hope we shall have no more to frighten us. I thank you for your news. My Lord Wilmot hath been a soldier an experienced man he is therefore it is well to make him safe. Mr. Goring, I hope must be punished roundly. God hath blessed your proceedings in Parlia- ment wonderfully I hope we may live to seo this a happy kingdom yet." Partly no doubt from my ignorance of the proper direc- tion in which to search, I have been unable to obtain any evidence of the part taken by these regiments in the Civil War, but in all probability the cavalry served under Prince Rupert, who in more peaceful times had on more than one occasion been entertained in the Old Hall of Lincoln's Inn, since used as the Appeal Court. Lord Falkland and Lord Clarendon were both members of Inns of Court. From the papers at the Record Office, known as the Cavalier Commu- NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. 11 tatlon Papers, it appears that more than one member of the Inns of Court was obliged to claim the benefit of the Oxford Capitulation and to address his petition to the Commons acknowledging that he had served with His Majesty at Oxford, and to ask to be allowed to commute his forfeiture by a fine. We have in the Drill Hall office copies of some of these petitions and of the returns made of them. The original printed forms of safe conduct filled in and signed by Fairfax are in the Kecord Office. It must not be supposed, however, that the sympathies of the Inns of Court were entirely with the Eoyalists, for at the same time that these regiments were being raised Oliver Cromwell, then Captain of the 67th or Slepe Troop of the Essex Association, and who, according to tradition, occupied the rooms over the gateway into Chancery Lane, was commu- nicating by letters, which are quoted by Carlyle, with his fellow members of Lincoln's Inn, Mr. John Hampden and Mr. Oliver St. John, upon the subject of his " lovely company." " You would respect them did you know them." " They are no Anabaptists," they are " honest, sober Christians." " I raised such men as had the fear of God before them as made some conscience of what they did and from that day forward I must say to you they were never beaten and wherever they were engaged against the enemy they beat continually." Men who as we are informed by the Mirror of Parlt, "never swore but they paid their 12 pence." Men too, if we may accept an extract from the parish accounts of a Scotch village, given in the last volume of Blackwood, who were not above requisitioning for feather beds, bolsters and pillows, when they could get them. General Lambert was also a member of Lincoln's Inn. The Inns of Court do not seem to have taken any active part in the Revolution, and the most heroic deeds of which I can find mention as having been performed by them at that period are related in two letters referred to in the reports of the Historical Commission, one dated October 9, 1689, addressed by Ealph Palmer " at No. 3 up the steps, and one pair of stairs, in Barbon's building by the Water Gate in the Middle Temple," to E. Verney, Esq., in which he says, that there are many false pressmen about, one of whom he saw " pumped last night in the Temple," and the other dated the 7th of August, 1697, from Henry Thomas Eiley to J. E. Pine Coffin, Esq., which relates how the Templars had resisted an attempt to arrest within their bounds Mr. Burlase of Cornwall, and had taken him from 12 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITARY AND the officers, many being wounded in the hubbub, and how some of them had had a coni'erence with my Lord Chief Justice Holt about it, and that the Templars justify their defence, " having as they say antient preveledges for so doing." In 1745, when the Young Pretender was marching on Derby, Chief Justice Willes organised a regiment of volun- teers among the lawyers, for the defence of the King's person, of which he was to have been the colonel, but Foss says that he appears never to have got his commission, the danger having ended by the retreat of the Scotch. At the period of the French Revolution, the Inns of Court were most active in promoting the volunteer movement, which then first became general all over the country. One of the corps formed by Lincoln's Inn was commanded by Sir William Grant, then Master of the Rolls, who had rendered military service by commanding a body of volunteers at the siege of Quebec, by the Americans first under General Montgomery, and afterwards under Colonel Arnold. He is said to have been the only lawyer who has ever in active service discharged military and legal duties on the same day. It is said that the Court used to adjourn at 3 o'clock " to allow Mr. Grant to attend his battery." In Townsend's ' Life of Sir William Grant,' the following are stated to have been members of the corps, which num- bered about 70 : The Honorable Henry Legge, Tempi eman and Pitcairn, Lords Redesdale and Ellenborough, Sir Vicary Gibbs and Dampier, and " the heir apparent of Lord Kenyon also deigned to fall into the ranks." Dampier was always the right hand file of the line; he stood six feet two or three inches in his stockings, "and stepped like a castle," " Lord Redesdale was one of the most regular drills of the corps." The hats of the Lincoln's Inn corps were round, sur- mounted with black bear skin across the crown, and with a tall red and white buckle ; the corps was ultimately merged in the Law Association, commanded by Lord Erskiue. Lord Erskine had seen service both in the army and the navy, having in 1764 joined the Tartar as a midshipman. In 1768 he retired from the navy, and entered the army as an ensign, in the Royals or First Regiment of Foot, and in 1775 he retired from the army and joined the bar, thus making a curious commencement to a career which ended on the woolsack. It \vas upon the Legal Association that King George III. NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. 13 conferred the title of " The Devil's Own," which has since stuck to the Inns of Court so persistently. The circumstances attending the receipt by them of this name are narrated by Stanhope in his ' Life of Pitt ' as follows : Speaking of two reviews of volunteers connected with London or the neighbourhood, held one on the 26th and the other on the 28th of October, 1803, in Hyde Park, by the King in person, Earl Stanhope says, " Reckoning both days, upwards of 27,000 men were present under arms, and the concourse of spectators on the former has been estimated at 200,000. Many years afterwards, Lord El don declared that this was, he thought, the finest sight he had ever seen. The King was in high health and excellent spirits. When the ' Temple companies ' had defiled before him, his Majesty enquired of Erskine, who commanded them, as lieutenant colonel, what was the composition of that corps ? ' They are all lawyers, Sire,' said Erskine. ' What ! What ! ' exclaimed the King, 'all lawyers? all lawyers? Call them the Devil's Own call them the Devil's Own ! " " And the Devil's Own they were called accordingly. Even at the present day this appellation has not wholly died away." " Yet notwithstanding the royal parentage of this pleasantry," Lord Stanhope goes on to say, " I must own that I greatly prefer to it another which was devised in 1860. It was then in contemplation to inscribe upon the banner of one of the legal companies, ' Retained for the Defence.' " In addition to the two corps above referred to, there was formed about the same time the Bloomsbury and Inns of Court Association; Bloorasbury being at that time the great legal quarter. This corps was quite distinct from " the St. George's, Bloomsbury," as appears by the fact that they both marched past King George on the same day. From a list of officers of the Bloomsbury and Lincoln's Inn Associa- tion for 1807, kindly given to me by Mr. Edmund James, it seems that Lieut.-Colonel Cox, who commanded it, was appointed on the 19th of April, 1803 ; the names of the officers are as follows: Lieut. -Colonels, Samuel Crompton Cox, Wm. Watson Myers, Jas. Trebeck, and Jas. Trower; Captains, John Mitford, John Richardson, Francis William Sanders, George Boon Roupell, Thomas Mills, George Bramwell, Henry Richmond, and John Barnard Bosanquet ; Lieuts., Spencer N. Meredith, Frederick Morton Eden, Bart., John Lush, Thomas George Knipp, George Browne, David Pryor, Thomas Le Blanc, Ambrose Humphreys, Charles 14 A SHORT HISTORY OF THE MILITARY AND Walker, Christopher Marriott, William Home, Jasper Vanx, George Watkins, Edward Rudge, Christopher Puller, and Francis W 7 hitmarsh ; Ensigns, John Henry Newbolt, John Skynner, William Bagot, John James, Henry Hoyle Oddie, Charles Mone, John Oxley, and William Thompson. Adjutant, William Harrison ; Q.M., James Redit ; Physician, John Latham ; and Surgeons Kobert E. Pennington and James Wilson. At the same date the officers of the Law Association were Lieut.-Colonel Commanding (vacant), Major James Read ; Captains Honble. Henry Legge, William Alexander, John Wear, Alexander Pitcairn, Giles Tern pieman, William Wing- field, David Montague Erskine, Thomas Louten, Edward Morris, James Edge and Joseph Chitty ; Ensigns John Pearson, Miles Walker Hall, John Becket, Thomas Windle, Thomas Symons, and William Dyne. Foss says that Lord Campbell during the period of his novi- tiate joined the " Bloomsbury and Lincoln's Inn Association," and he looked back in after-years with so much pride to his position in the ranks, that he left the musket he bore as an heirloom to his descendants. Frederick Thesiger, afterwards Lord Chelmsford, was present as a midshipman at the second bombardment of Copenhagen, having joined the Cambrian frigate, com- manded by Honble. Charles Paget in 1807 ; and William Henry Watson, afterwards member of Lincoln's Inn and Baron of the Exchequer, according to Foss, became a soldier at the age of fifteen, in the 76th Foot, and afterwards exchanged into the 1st Royal Dragoons in 1811 ; raised the next year to a lieutenancy, he exchanged into the 6th Dragoons, and shared in the glories of the Peninsular War and in the crowning victory of Waterloo. Mr. Ken yon Parker, Q.C., treasurer of Lincoln's Inn, served as a Lieutenant of Marines in the well-known action between the Monarch and the French frigates in 1806, through the Walcheren expedition in 1809, and in the attack and de- struction of the batteries on the Island of Eagosniza by the crews of the Milford and the Weasel, one of the most plucky actions of the war. Sir Henry Havelock of the Indian Mutiny, was a member of the Middle Temple, and read with Talfourd in the chambers of Joseph Chitty. The bombastic speeches of the French Colonels in 1859 caused the most recent revival of the Volunteer force, in which as usual the Inns of Court took a prominent part. NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. 15 The original petition requesting the Benchers of the Middle Temple, to allow a meeting of the Bar to be called, for the purpose of discussing the formation of a Volunteer Corps, now hangs in the Drill Hall, having curiously enough been pre- served by the late Sir Adolphus Liddell, under almost pre- cisely similar circumstances to those under which the Lincoln's Inn deed of association of 1584 was preserved by Lord Ellesmere, he having been the first person to sign it. The signatures are : A. 0. Liddell, J. B. Maule, E. I. Price, H. H. Dodgson, H. I. Baxter, Francis Ellis, A. Staveley Hill, J. R. Davison, W. Vernon Harcourt, H. B. Armand, W. Tidd, J. Duke Coleridge, R. Fowler, R, Garth, J. A. Yorke, D. Ellis, J. Wood, J. Kempley, T. H. Baylis, F. W. Lloyd, E. Dacrouy (?), J. Fowler, T. Bartton, J. Riley, A. Coxon, E. Beavan, M. W. Wakeford Attree(?), Horace Lloyd, J. Digby, W. F. Finlason, T. Dashwood, G. B. Hughes, R. Orridge, W. C. Beatby, J. MacGregor, J. A. Yonge, Joseph Kaye, John P. Norman, H. W. West, Granville R. Rider, W. Scourfield Grey, and J. H. Patteson. The corps was duly constituted under the name of " the Inns of Court Volunteer Corps," Lord Justice Selsvyn being the original chairman of committees, an office afterwards filled by Lord Justice Cotton. The original members, who were sworn in before Lord Campbell (thus connecting them with the previous corps of which he had been a member), were enrolled on the 12th of January 1860, as the 23rd Middlesex, a number which has since been changed to that of the 14th Middlesex. The following are the names of the officers who have commanded it from its formation to the present time : Lieut.-Colonel Brewster, Major Lysley, Lieut.-General Sargent, Sir W. M. Ciminghame, V.C., Colonel J. R. Bulwer, Q.C., and our present Colonel, Cecil H. Russell ; and the list would not be complete without mentioning our Honorary Colonel General Sir W. M. S. Macmurdo, K.C.B., who has always shown himself a most true and honest friend of the Corps. The following have also been members of the Corps, in which almost all have been content to carry a rifle. Lord Justice Cotton ; Lord Campbell (the son of the Chancellor) ; Lord Justice Thesiger, Lord Justice Lopes, Lord Justice Baggallay, Mr. Justice Chitty, Mr. Charles Roupell, Mr. Justice Willes, Mr. Thomas Chitty, Lord Herschell, Sir Edward Clarke, S.G., and others. Of the doings of the present Corps it is not necessary to say more, than that under Colonel Brewster it obtained an 16 MILITARY AND NAVAL SERVICES OF THE INNS OF COURT. extremely high reputation for smartness and efficiency, and that it has obtained a fair share of the honours procurable at Wimbledon and elsewhere. In a list of the military services of the Bench and Bar, the name of General Herbert Stewart, who died of wounds received at Abou Klea, must not be forgotten, nor that of Sir Evelyn Wood, V.C., both of whom were called to the Bar, the first at the Inner and the second at the Middle Temple. In concluding this paper, I feel that with a little trouble and research a good deal more might be discovered of the military history of the Bench and Bar ; and no doubt there must be in the possession of many members of the Bar, information which would serve to fill out what is only a very slight outline, and may possibly in many respects require amendment, and I will only add that my object in writing has to some extent been the hope of eliciting such informa- tion, and that I shall be extremely obliged to any one who can afford it to me. LONDON : PRINTED BT WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.