-

 
 . 
 
 IKSfilORMALSCHi
 
 GARFIELD AND THE PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 SOULE & CAMPBELL'S 
 (PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK 
 
 OF 
 
 WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED, 
 
 |UH> OF WORDS AS TO WHICH A CHOICE OF PRONUNCIATION 
 IE ALLOWED. 
 
 8000 Mistakes in Pronunciation Corrected. 
 
 A POCKET VOLUME. 
 
 fRIOE 50 CENTS. 
 
 In the able article on " CHARACTERISTICS OF PBESI- 
 DENT GABFIELD," in The Century Magazine, its author, 
 E. V. SMAXLEY, thus alludes to this little book: 
 
 " He had a great love for linguistic knowledge, and would of tot 
 make a half-game and half-study with his children of telling the 
 Meanings of words, or detecting errors in pronunciation. Drop- 
 ping in at his house, one morning in the campaign summer o 
 1880, just as breakfast was over, I found the family lingering at 
 the table while the General read from a little dictionary of words 
 frequently mispronounced. He would spell the word, and then 
 ask each in turn what the correct pronunciation should fee, 'tlio 
 elders were about as apt to make mistakes as the children, and a 
 great deal of lively chat and merriment, and not a littl* instmo- 
 'tton, resulted from the exercise. This he kept up Tery morning 
 tor breakout until the book was exhausted."
 
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK 
 
 OF 
 
 WORDS OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED 
 
 AND OP 
 
 BY 
 
 RICHARD SOULE 
 
 AND 
 
 LOOMIS J. CAMPBELL 
 
 BOSTON 1894 
 LEE AND SHEPARD PUBLISHERS 
 
 10 MILK STREET NEXT " THE OLD SOUTH MEETING HOUSE "
 
 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, by 
 
 RICHARD SOCLE AND LOOHIS J CAMPBELL, 
 
 m the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
 
 pfe 
 
 i \s n 
 
 s ^ p 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 IT is the purpose of this Handbook to report 
 the current usage of the best speakers with re- 
 gard to such words as are the most liable to be 
 mispronounced, and also to record such words as 
 may be pronounced in either of two ways with- 
 out any offence to good taste. 
 
 In the latter case, that mode which is supported 
 by the greater weight of authority and is toe 
 more generally accepted is put first in order. 
 
 In the preparation of the book the latest edi- 
 tions of the Quarto Dictionaries of Webster and 
 Worcester have been examined with care, and 
 also the works of the eminent English orthoe- 
 pists, Smart, Cull, and Cooley, who make known 
 the best usage of cultivated Englishmen of the 
 present day. Still further research has been 
 made whenever it seemed desirable.
 
 iv PREFACE. 
 
 The compilers have noted and carefully con- 
 sidered the cases in which these authorities dif- 
 fer, and have adopted that mode of pronunciation 
 which seemed to them clearly preferable. 
 
 As to the use of this book in schools it may 
 be suggested that each page contains a suitable 
 number of words for a single lesson. Different 
 teachers will doubtless adopt different ways of 
 using the book to suit the wants of their 
 classes. 
 
 A good way would be to have the words of 
 the lesson written out on the blackboard, with- 
 out accents or other marks. The pupils should 
 then pronounce the words as they are pointed 
 out by the teacher. 
 
 That the book may be the better adapted for 
 use in schools, some preliminary cautions against 
 common errors are given, and short lists of illus- 
 trative words are added, to serve the purpose of 
 drill in pronouncing such words correctly. 
 
 BOSTON, MASS., 1873.
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 1. Marked Letters. 
 
 PT1HE following words will serve to indicate 
 -- the sounds of the marked letters used in 
 the Vocabulary : 
 
 ale, eat, ice, old, use, doze, good, and, end, 
 HI, 5n, iip, arm, fare, ow is sounded as in owl, 
 th (italicized) as in then, th (un italicized) as in 
 thin, g as in get, ch as in chop, er as in her. 
 The vowel a, when unaccented, at the end of a 
 word, has a brief sound of a (as in arm). 
 
 An unmarked vowel (excepta), forming or end- 
 ing a syllable, has its long or name sound. 
 
 The vowel a unmarked, forming or ending ao 
 unaccented syllable, commonly has a slight sound 
 of a as in arm. But see 30, page xv. 
 
 An unmarked vowel, followed in the same syl- 
 lable by any consonant except r, has its short 
 sound. But ar is pronounced as in arm, er as in 
 her, or as in nor- ur as >P fur.
 
 yi INTRODUCTION. 
 
 2. Remarks on Certain Sounds. 
 It may be well to make the following brief 
 remarks in relation to certain points of pronun- 
 ciation not familiar to most speakers, or in re- 
 gard to which there is a difference of opinion 
 among orthoepists. 
 
 a as in ask, staff, pass, dance, &c. 
 
 1. Many cultivated speakers give to the vowel 
 in words of this class the sound of a as in and. 
 Another large class of speakers give in such words 
 the sound of a as in arm. Those who prefer the 
 first as the proper quality of the element should 
 avoid the drawl or thin, prolonged sound which is 
 sometimes given to it. Some eminent orthoepists 
 regard this vowel as of an intermediate quality 
 between a as in and and a as in arm; and, as 
 those speakers who hold this opinion would prob- 
 ably avoid the extremes of sound sometimes heard, 
 there may be no practical objection to attempting 
 such a pronunciation. 
 
 a as in fare, or e as in there. 
 
 2. The most eminent orthoepists in this Couiw 
 try and in England give to the vowel a or e In 
 
 -
 
 INTRODUCTION. vii 
 
 words of this class the sound of long a deprived 
 of its vanishing element e (as heard in pay, say, 
 &c., in which words the y may be considered as 
 representing this vanishing element). This prac- 
 tice is better observed by Englishmen than by 
 Americans. In the United States a somewhat 
 lengthened form of a as in and, although not 
 sanctioned by the Dictionaries, is more commonly 
 given to words of this class, and is not, perhaps, 
 to be condemned. The sound occurs only before 
 r, and should be closely blended with the slight 
 sound of u, as in urn, which is heard before r in 
 the pronunciation of such words. 
 
 3. The compound long vowel sound, generally 
 indicated by u, as in use, begins with the conso- 
 nant y and ends with oo, yoo. 
 
 This is the sound heard in the words unit (yoo'- 
 nif), cube (kyoob), mute (my oof), educate (ed'yoo- 
 kate), &c. But when the compound vowel u, or 
 its equivalent, in a monosyllable or an accented 
 syllable, follows t, d, I, n, s, th, or j (commonly), 
 the initial element is slighted so as to become a 
 very brief and indistinct sound of i as in ill ; as 
 hi tune, duke, lunar, nude, suit, enthusiast, jewel
 
 viii IN TR OD UCTWN. 
 
 In both cases the elements composing the sound 
 of u must be drawn together and pronounced in 
 the same syllable. 
 
 After r, ch, and sh the initial element is omit- 
 ted and only the final element oo (long or short) 
 is heard, as in rule (rool), true (troo), truth (trobtli), 
 fruit (froof), grew (grob*), chew (choo), sure (shobr), 
 sugar (shSb'gar). In some words the same effect 
 is produced by j, as jejune (je-joori). 
 
 4. When a short sound of o occurs before SB, 
 st, th, or the sound of f, as in cross, cost, broth, 
 soft, cough, and in some cases before ng, as in long, 
 strong, it is the practice of the best speakers to 
 give to the o a medium sound between o as in 
 on and a as in fall. 
 
 5. Many speakers in England give to e, ea, I, 
 and y, in a few words (as herd, earth, girl, myrtle) 
 whose vowel element is commonly pronounced as 
 u in urn, a sound very nearly like that of e as 
 in end; but as this distinction is very generally 
 disregarded in this country, and not consistently 
 preserved in England, the sound has received no 
 distinctive mark in the Vocabulary.
 
 INTRODUCTION. ix 
 
 3. Cautions against some Common Errors in 
 Pronunciation. 
 
 1. Do not pronounce in;/ like in; as eve'nin for 
 
 eve'ning, writ'in for writ'ing. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Speak'ing, read'ing, 
 tulk'ing, walk'ing, stop'ping, smok'ing, suppos'ing, 
 expect'ing, cel'ebrating. 
 
 2. Do not pronounce otv like it r or nfi ; as hoi 1 . 
 
 furor hol'luh for hol'low, shad'ur or shad'- 
 tih for sliad'oiv. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Bor'row, to-mor'row, 
 nar'row, yel'low, fel'low, wid'ow, pil'low, mel'- 
 lowing, swal'lowing. 
 
 3. Do not pronounce cd like id or ud ; a* >///*/'// 
 
 or unit'ud for unit'ed, provid'id or provld'- 
 ud for provid'ed. 
 
 Pronounce the following : Rest'ed, resid'ed, de- 
 cid'ed, regard'ed, exhibited, cel'ebrated, excit'ed, 
 delight'cd, supported. 
 
 i. Do not pronounce ess like iss; as yood'niss 
 for yood'ness, bold'niss for bold'ness. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Hard'ness, bad'ness, 
 harm'less. care'less^ clear'ness, ful'ness, seam'stress, 
 host'ess, em' press. 
 
 5. Do not pronounce el like it, nor et like it, nor 
 est like ist ; as cru'il for cru'el, basJe'it for 
 bask'etf for'ist for for'est, 
 
 Pronounce the following : Fu'el, du'el, bush'el,
 
 x INTRODUCTION. 
 
 yet, get, mark'et, hatch'et, rack'et, rock'et, riv', 
 ulet, hon'est, bold'est, larg'est, small'est, young'- 
 ' est, strong' est. 
 
 6. Do not pronounce ent like nut, nor ence like 
 
 unce f as si'lunt tor ai'lcnt, sen'tunce for 
 scn i tence. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Pru'dent, de'cent, 
 
 mo'ment, gar'ment, mon'ument, government, su- 
 perintend'ent, par'liament (par'li-ment), six'pence, 
 p'a'tience, expe'rience, superintend'ence. 
 
 7. Do not Insert the sound of short before a 
 
 final */ as hel'uni for helm, chas'utn for 
 chasm. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Spasm, whelm, 
 rhythm, phan'tasm, bap'tism, pa'triotism, elm, 
 film, overwhelm', worm. 
 
 8. Do not give the drawling sound oo for ov 
 
 (1. e. aoo); as caoo for cow, haobs for house. 
 
 Pronounce the following: How, now, ground, 
 sound, bound, found, town, gown, pound, con- 
 found', around', astound'. 
 
 9. Do not sound sJi before r like s; as srub for 
 
 shrub, Brink for shrink. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Shred, shrine, shriek, 
 shroud, shriv'el, shrunk'en. 
 
 10. Do not sound u'h like u- ; as wen for when, 
 
 ii-t for what. 
 
 Pronounce the following : Where, wheat, wharij
 
 INTRODUCTION. xi 
 
 whale, whine, white, whim'per, whis'per, whip'- 
 ping, whit' tie. 
 
 11. Do not omit to give the sound of r after a 
 
 vowel In tbe same syllable, as In arm, form, 
 &<., not ahm, fawum, &c. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Dark, hark, start, 
 chart, are, tar, remark', course, for, nor, door, 
 floor, lord, hon'or, do'nor, short, support', report', 
 pa'per, or'der, horse, purse, warm, alarm'ing, re- 
 turn'ing, reform'ing. 
 
 12. Do not add the sound of r to a final vowel or 
 diphthong ; as lawr for law, ide'ar for ide'a. 
 
 Pronounce the following: saw, draw, paw, 
 claw, pota'to, toma'to, com'ma, Em'ma. 
 
 13. Do not shorten the sound of long o in cer- 
 
 tain words by leaving off Its vanishing ele- 
 ment "" 
 
 Pronounce the following: Boat, bone, broke, 
 choke, cloak, colt, comb, dolt, hole, home, home'- 
 ly, hope, jolt, load, on'ly, road, rogue, smoke, 
 Spoke, spok'en, stone, throat, toad, whole, wrote, 
 yoke, bolster. 
 
 14. Do not omit the sound of d when preceded 
 by n; as stan for stand, frenz for friends. 
 
 Pronounce the following : Stands, bands, winds, 
 winds, depends', defends', demands', blind'nesa, 
 grand'mother, grand'father, hand'ful.
 
 Xii INTRODUCTION. 
 
 15. Do not omit the sound of d in the terminal 
 letters Ids ; as wilz tor wilds, felz tor Jieldx. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Folds, holds, scolds, 
 builds, scalds, unfolds', child's. 
 
 16. Do not omit the sound of t -when preceded* 
 
 by c hard In the same syllable; as ahs for 
 acts, exak'ly for exact' ly. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Facts, tracts, com', 
 pacts, inspects', respects', inducts', .instructs', cor- 
 rect'ly, direct'ly, ab'stractly, per'fectly. 
 
 17. Do not omit the sound of t in the terminal 
 letters sts ; as fls's for fists, pes's tor pests. 
 
 Pronounce the following : Posts, boasts, coasts 
 hosts, ghosts, accosts'. 
 
 18. Do not improperly suppress the vowel sounds 
 
 In unaccented syllables; as ev'ryfor ev'er-y, 
 his'try for his'to-ry. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Belief, crock'ery, 
 fam'ily, fa'vorite, des'perate, des'olate, nom'inative, 
 mis'ery, li'brary, sal'ary, com'pany, com'fortable, 
 perfum'ery, mem'ory, vic'tory, slip'pery, part'i- 
 ciple, sev'eral, bois'terous. 
 
 19. Do not suppress the sound of ' or of i before 
 
 / or a in those words in which it should b 
 articulated; nsli'f'l for /<<''/, cir>'l for civ'il, 
 hitch'n for kltcli'en, I.iit H for Lut'hi. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Trav'el, nov'el, bar-
 
 INTRODUCTION. xiii 
 
 rel, par'cel, hov'el, chap' el, quar'rel, sor'rel, pen'- 
 oil, chick'en, lin'en, sud'den, mit'ten, sat'in. 
 
 20. Do not sound e or i before n or I in those 
 
 words in which it is properly silent; as e'vcn 
 for e'vn, heav'en for heav'n, ba'sin for ba'sn, 
 haz'el for ha'zl, e'vil for e'vl. 
 
 Pronounce the following : Ha'ven, sev'en, gold'- 
 en, o'pen, short'en, wood' en, wak'en, wid'en, 
 fro'zen. 
 
 ?1. After r, rlt, or .v/ do not give the sound of 
 long a when the simple sound of <> (long or 
 short) should be heard; as rule for rool, 
 fruit, for froot. 
 
 Pronounce the following: True, truth, grew, 
 chew, sure, sug'ar, tru'ly, crew, brute, bru'tnl, 
 rude, through, era' el, ru'by, ru'bicund. 
 
 22. Do not substitute the sound oo for that of 
 long 11 ; as (IHHI for tune, doo'ty for </it't>/. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Tube, duke, mute, 
 nude, mu'sic, Tues'day, du'bious, lute, blue, il- 
 lume', illude', in'stitute. 
 
 23. The vowel a when unaccented, at the end of 
 
 a word has the sound of a (as in !'>) some- 
 what shortened; as com 1 ma not com'tril nor 
 comma. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Dra'ma, da'ta, pi'ca>
 
 xiv INTRODUCTION. 
 
 >o'fa, al'gebra, Chi'na, Amer'ica, dilem'ma, mi'ca, 
 alpac'a, a'rea, neb'ula. 
 
 24. Give to the vowel a In the unaccented termi- 
 
 nal syllables "/. ant, ance, Its short sound, 
 but do not make It prominent. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Na'tional, par'tial, 
 fi'nal, eter'nal, ig'norant, ty'rant, in'stant, (la'grant, 
 vig'ilance, ig'norance, in'stance, fra'grance. 
 
 25. Do not give to the vowel a (as In far), when 
 
 unaccented and made brief, the sound of 
 short <t; as Ii //*<' for abase', tirouse' for 
 arouse 1 ' . 
 
 Pronounce the following : Abound', abate', 
 above', about', abridge', amuse', fanat'ic, ag'gra- 
 vate, traduce'. 
 
 26. Do not give to long < when unaccented and 
 
 lightly abridged, the sound of short " ; as 
 itivent' for event', soci'uty for soei'ety. 
 
 Pronounce the following : Emo'tion, vari'ety, 
 sobri'ety, sati'ety, anxi'ety, impi'ety. 
 
 27. Do not give to long o, when unaccented and 
 
 slightly abridged; the sound of short " ; MS 
 ubey 1 for obey', prupose' for propose'. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Opin'ion, obe'dience, 
 provide', promote', provoke', pota'to, tobac'co, 
 posi'tion, soei'ety, el'oquence, disposition, mel'- 
 ody, compoai'tion.
 
 INTRODUCTION. X v 
 
 fS. Do not sound short ", when unaccented, . 
 short ti ; as ubscure' for obscure', cummit'- 
 tee for commit'tee. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Observe', oppose', 
 commar.d', conceal', condition, contain', content', 
 possess'. 
 
 29. Do not lay too much stress on an unaccented 
 syllable or a syllable having A secondary ac- 
 cent; as pri'nia'ry for pri'mury, rx'act'ly 
 for exact 1 ly. 
 
 Pronounce the following: Gigan'tic, precisely, 
 salva'tion, loca'tion, vaca'tion, ter'ritory, sec'ond- 
 ary, mat'rimony, prom'issory, vac'cinated. 
 
 50. In unaccented syllables do not bring out the 
 quality of the vowel too distinctly. 
 
 In many words, "there would be pedantry in 
 scrupulously avoiding the short and easier sounds 
 whiVh the organs are inclined to adopt" For in- 
 etanco, cnVbage in common conversation might be 
 cab'bij, pal'ace, pal'as, &c. 
 
 I. When a at the end of an unaccented syllable 
 is followed in the next syllable by n or r, it has 
 nearly the sound of short e, as in mis'ccl-la-ny, 
 eustom-a-ry.
 
 xvi INTRODUCTION. 
 
 2. In the unaccented final syllable ate, of adjec- 
 tives and nouns, the vowel a generally has a 
 sound verging toward short e, as in deli-cat*, 
 eon-sum mate
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 abdomen, ab-do'men, not ab'do-men. 
 abjectly, ab'ject-li, not ab-ject'li. So ab-ject> 
 
 ness. 
 
 ablative, ab'la-tiv, not ab'l-tiv. 
 absolutory, ab-sol'u-to-ri, not ab-so-lu'to-ri. 
 absolve, ab-zolv' or ab-solv'. So ab-solved'. 
 abstemious, ab-ste'mi-us, not ab-stem'i-us. 
 abstractly, ab'strakt-li or ab-strakt'li. 
 abstruse, ab-stroos', not ab-strus'. 
 accent (verb), ak-sent', not ak'sent. 
 access, ak-ses' or ak'ses. 
 accessory, ak'ses-so-ri or ak-ses'so-ri. 
 acclimate, ak-kli'mat, not ak'kli-mat. 
 acclimatize, ak-kli'ma-tiz, not ak'kll-ma-tiz. 
 accost, 4 ak-kost', not ak-kawst'. 
 accoutre, ak-koo'ter, not ak-kow'ter. 
 accrue, ak-kroo', not ak-kru'. 
 acetic, a-set'ik or a-se'tik. 
 acetify, a-set'I-fi or a-se'ti-fl. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, ml, end, ill, 5n, 
 dp, arm, fare, o-\v-l, t/i-eii, th-in, get) ch-op, li-er.
 
 2 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 acorn, a'korn, not a'kurn. 
 
 acoustics, a-kows'tiks, not a-kobs'tiks. 
 
 across, 4 a-kros', not a-kra\vst'. 
 
 adamantean, ad-a-man-te'an, not ad-a-man'te-an, 
 
 address (noun and verb), ad-dres', not ad'dres. 
 
 adept, a-dept', not ad'ept. 
 
 adjectival, ad'jek-tiv-al or ad-jek-ti'val. 
 
 admirable, ad'mi-ra-bl, not ad-mi' ra-bl. So ad'- 
 mi-ra-bly. 
 
 adult, a-dult', not ad'ult. 
 
 adverse, ad'vers, not ad-vers'. So ad'verse-ly. 
 
 advertise, ad'ver-tiz or ad-ver-tlz'. So ad-ver- 
 tis'er. 
 
 advertisement, ad-ver'tiz-ment or ad-ver-tiz'- 
 ment 
 
 .SJneid, e-ne'id, not e'ne-id. 
 
 aerated, a'er-at-ed, not ar'at-ed nor a're-at-ed. 
 
 aerie, e'ri or a'rT. 
 
 aerolite, a'er-o-lit, not a-er'o-lit. 
 
 aeronaut, a'er-o-nawt, not a-er'o-nawt. 
 
 afflatus, af-fla'tus, not af-fla'tus. 
 
 again, a-gen', not a-gan' nor a-gin'. 
 
 agape, a-gap' or a-gap'. 
 
 aged, a'jed, not ajd, except in compounds, as full- 
 aged. 
 
 aggrandize, ag'gran-diz, not ag-gran'dlz. 
 
 aggrandizement, ag'gran-diz-ment or ag-gran'- 
 diz-ment. 
 
 al, eat, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, find, end, III, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 3 
 
 agile, aj'il, not aj'Il nor a "jfl. 
 
 agriculturist, ag-ri-kult'ur-ist, not ag-ri-kuh (lr 
 
 al-ist 
 
 ague, a'gii, not a' goo. 
 alabaster, 1 al'a-bas-ter, not al-a-bas'ter. 
 alarum, a-liir'um or a-lar'um. 
 albumen, al-bu'men, not al'bu-men. 
 alcove, al'kov or al-kov'. 
 Aldebaran, al-deb'a-ran, not al-de-ba'ran. 
 aldermanic, awl-der-man'ik, not al-der-man'ik 
 Aldine, al'dm or al'din, not al-den'. 
 alexandrine, al-eks-an'drin, not al-eks-an'drm. 
 algebra, al'je-bra, not al'je-bra. 
 alien, ul'yen, not a'li-en. 
 aliment, al'i-ment, not al'i-ment. 
 alkali, al'ka-H or al'ka-li. 
 alkalify, al-kal'i-f I or al'ka-H-fi. 
 alkaline, al'ka-lm or al'ka-lm. 
 allegiance, al-le'jance or al-le 'ji-ance. 
 allegorist, al'le-go-rist, not al-le-go'rist. 
 allegro [It.], al-le'gro or al-la'gro, not al'le-gro. 
 
 allies (noun and verb), al-llz', not al'llZ. 
 
 allopathist, al-lop'a-thist, not al'lo-path-ist. 
 allopathy, al-lop'a-thi, not al'lo-path-T. 
 ally (noun and verb), al-ll', not al'll nor al'li. 
 almond, a'mund, not al'mund. 
 alms, araz, not almz nor amz. 
 alpaca, al-pak'a, not al-a-pak'a. 
 
 ttp, arm, f&re, ow-1, tli-en, I Ii-In, get, ch-op, li-er.
 
 4 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK- 
 
 Alpine, al'pln or al'pln, not al'pen. 
 
 also, awl'so, not ol'so. 
 
 altercate, al'ter-kat, not awl'ter-kat So al-ter- 
 ca'tion. 
 
 alternate (adj.), al-ter'nat, not awl-ter'nat. So al- 
 ter 'nate-ly, al-ter-na'tion. 
 
 alteinate (verb), al-ter'nat, or al'ter-nat 
 
 always, awl'waz, not awl'wuz, nor 61'wuz. 
 
 amateur, am-a-tur' or arn-a-tur', not am'a-tobr. 
 
 ambrosia, am-bro'zhi-a or am-bro'zha. 
 
 ambrosial, am-bro'zhT-al or am-bro'zhal. 
 
 ameliorate, a-mel'yo-rat, not a-mel'i-o-rat. So 
 a-mel-io-ra'tion. 
 
 amenable, a-me'na-bl, not a-men'a-bL 
 
 amenity, a-men'i-t!, not a-me'm-ti. 
 
 America, A-mer'i-ka, not A-mer'i-ki. 
 
 amour, a-moor', not am'oor. 
 
 ancestral, an'ses-tral or an-ses'tral. 
 
 anchovy, an-cho vi, not an'cho-vi nor an-ko'vL 
 
 ancient, tin'shent, not an'shent. 
 
 and, and, not an. 
 
 anemone, a-nern'o-*^, not an-e-mo'ne. 
 
 angel, an'jel. 420? an'jl. 
 
 animadvert, an-T-mad-vert', not an-i-mad'vert 
 
 annihilate, an-ni'ht-lat, not an-m'lat. 
 
 another, an-uth'er, not a-nuth'er. 
 
 answer, 1 an'ser, not iin'ser nor an'swer. 
 
 antarctic, ant-ark' tik, not ant-ar'tik. 
 
 iile, ent, Ice, old, use, <>o/.-, good, :*tii<l. r-iid, ill, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 6 
 
 antepenult, an-te-pe-nult', not an-te-pe'nult. 
 antifebrile, an-ti-feb'ril or an-ti-fe'bril. 
 antipodes, an-tip'o-dez, not an'ti-podz. 
 anxiety, angz-i'e-ti, not anks-i'e-ti. 
 anywhere, en'i-hwar, not en'i-hwarz. 
 aorist, a'o-rist, not a-o'rist. 
 aperture, ap'er-tur, not a-per'tur. 
 aphelion, a-fe'li-on, not a-fel'yon. 
 aphthong, 4 ap' thong or af thong. 
 apostle, a-pos'l, not a-pos'tl nor a-paws'l. 
 apotheosis, ap-o-the'o-sis, not ap-o-the-o'sis. 
 Appalachian, ap-pa-la'chi-an, not ap-pa-la'ki-an 
 
 nor ap-pa-lak'i-an. 
 
 apparatus, ap-pa-ra'tus, not ap-pa-ra"tus. 
 apparent, ap-par'ent, not ap-pa'rent. 
 applicative, ap'pli-ka-tiv, not ap-plik'a-tiv. 
 appreciate, ap-pre'sht-at, not ap-pre'shat. 
 apprentice, ap-pren'tis, not ap-prin'tis. 
 approbative, ap'pro-ba-tiv, not ap-pro-ba'tir. 
 apricot, a'pri-kot, not ap'ri-kot 
 apron, a'purn or a'prun. 
 aqueduct, ak'we-dukt, not ak'we-dukt. 
 aquiline, ak'we-lin or ak'we-lm. 
 Arab, ar'ab or a'rab. 
 Arabic, ar'a-bik, not a-ra'bik. 
 archangel, ark-an jel, not arch-an'jel. 
 archbishop, arch-bish'op, not ark'bish-op. 
 archetype, ar'ke-tip, not ar'che-tlp. 
 
 fip, arm, fire, o\v-l, t/t-en, th-in, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 6 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 archipelago, ar-ki-pel'a-go, not arch-i-pel'a-go. 
 architect, ar'ki-tekt, not arch'i-tekt. So ar-chi 
 
 tect'ure. 
 
 archives, ar'klvz, not ar'chivz. 
 arctic, ark'tik, not ar'tik. 
 arduous, ar'du-us, not ar'doo-ua. 
 are, ar, not aur. 
 area, a're-a, not a-re'a. 
 arid, ar'id, not ar'id nor a' rid. 
 aristocrat, a-ris'to-krat or ar'is-to-krat. 
 armada, ar-ma'da, not ar-ma'da. 
 armistice, ar'mis-tis, not ar-mis'tis. 
 aroma, a-ro'raa, not ar'o-ma. 
 aromatize, a-ro'ma-tiz or ar'o-ma-tiz. 
 arquebuse, ar'kwe-bus, not ar'kwe-bus. 
 arrange, ar-ranj', not ar-ranj'. 
 arrogant, ar'ro-gant, not ar'ro-gant. 
 arro-w, ar'ro, not ar'ro. 
 arsenic, ar'sen-ik or ars'nik. 
 artery, ar'ter-i, not ar'tri. 
 Asia, a'shi-a, not a'zha nor a'zhe-a. 
 Asiatic, a-shi-at'ik, not a-zhe-at'ik. 
 aspirant, as-pir'ant, not as'pi-rant. 
 aspirate, as'pT-rat, not as-pir'at. 
 assets, as'sets, not as-sets'. 
 associate, as-so'shi-at, not as-so'shat. 
 association, as-so-shT-a'shun, not as-so-se-a'shun- 
 asked, 1 askt, not ast. 
 
 ale, cat, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, find, end, ill, 5n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 7 
 
 asthma, ast'ma or az'ma. So asth-mat'ic. 
 
 asylum, a-sT'lum, not as'i-lum. 
 
 asymptote, as'imp-tot, not as-imp't6t. 
 
 ate, at or et. 
 
 athenaeum, ath-e-ne'um, not a-the'ne-um. 
 
 attacked, at-takt', not at-tak'ted. 
 
 attorney, at-tur'ne, not at-tor'ne. 
 
 auction, awk'shun, not ork'slmn. 
 
 audacious, aw-da'shus, not aw-dash'us nor ow- 
 
 da'shus. 
 
 audience, au'dl-ence, not aw 'ji-ence. 
 aunt, ant, not ant. 
 aureola, au-re'o-la, not au-re-o'la. 
 aurora borealis, a\v-ro'ra-bo-re-a'lis, not au-ro'- 
 
 ra-bo-re-a'lis. 
 
 auxiliary, awgz-il'ya-ri, not awgz-il'i-a-ri. 
 avalanche, av'a-lansh or av-a-lansh' or av'a- 
 
 lansh. 
 
 iivauiit, a-vawnt', not a-vant'. 
 avenue, av'e-nu, not av'e-ndo. 
 awful, aw'fool, not aw'fl nor or'fl. 
 awkward, awk'ward, not ork'ard. 
 awry, a-rf, not aw-ri'. 
 axiom, ak'si-um or aks'yum. 
 ay or aye (yes), iiT, not a. 
 aye (always), a, not I. 
 azote, az'ot or a'zot 
 azure, a'zhur or azh'ur. 
 
 Op, arm, f Ar, o\v-l. f //--ii, th-iii, get, ch-op, her>
 
 8 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 B. 
 
 bachelor, bach'el-or, not bach'ler nor bach'el-dur. 
 
 bade, bad, not bad. 
 
 badinage, bad-i-nazh' or bad'I-nazh, not bad'in-aj. 
 
 balcony, bal'ko-m, formerly bal-ko'ni. 
 
 balderdash, bawl'der-dash, not bal'der-dash. 
 
 ballet [Fr.], bal'la or bal'let. 
 
 balm, bam, not balm nor bam. 
 
 balsam, bawl'sam, not bal'sam. 
 
 balsamic, bal-sam'ic, not bawl-sam'ic. 
 
 banana, ba-na'na or ba-na'na. 
 
 banian, ban'yan or ban-yan'. 
 
 barbarous, bar'ba-rus, not bar-ba'ri-us. 
 
 barrel, har'rel, not bar'ril nor barl. 
 
 barouche, ba-rdosh', not ba-rooch'. 
 
 basalt, ba-sawlt', not ba-zawlt'. 
 
 basket, 1 bas'ket, not bas'kit. 
 
 bastile, bas-tel' or bas'tel. 
 
 bastinado, bas-tT-na'do, not bas-ti-na'do. 
 
 bath, bath, not bath. 
 
 baths, bii/Az, not baths nor baths. 
 
 beauteous, bu'te-us, not bu'che-us. 
 
 beautiful, bu'tT-fool, not be-u'ti-fobl. 
 
 because, be-kawz', not be-koz'. 
 
 bedizen, be-diz'n or be-diz'n. 
 
 bedstead, bed'sted, not bed'stid. 
 
 Beelzebub, be-el'ze-bub, not bel'ze-bub. 
 
 ale, eati Ice, old, Use, uuze, guort, Anil, "ml, 111, On,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK 
 
 been, bin, not ben. 
 
 before, be-for', not bu-for'. 
 
 begone, 4 be-gon', not be-gawn'. 
 
 behalf, be-haf", not be-haf. 
 
 behemoth, be'he-moth, not be-he'moth 
 
 Belial, bel'yal or be'li-al. 
 
 believe, be-lev', not blev. 
 
 bellows, bel'lus, not bel'loz. 
 
 beloved, (a///.) be-luv'ed ; (verb) be-luvd'. 
 
 beneath, be-ne//i', not be-neth'. 
 
 benzine, ben'zin, commonly ben-zen'. 
 
 bequeath, be-kwe^', not be-k\veth'. 
 
 bestial, best'yal or best'i- al. 
 
 bestiality, best-ye-al'i-ti or best-yal'1-ti. 
 
 bestre^w, be-stroo' or be-stro'. 
 
 betroth, be-troth', not be-troth'. So be-x>U 
 
 bevel, bev'el, not bev'l. 
 
 beyond, be-yond', not be-yund'. 
 
 biennial, bl-en'nt-al, not bi-en'yal. 
 
 binary, bi'na-n, not bin'a-rt nor bi-na'rt 
 
 binomial, bf-no'mi-al, not bt-no'mi-al. 
 
 biography, bi-og'ra-fi, not bT-og'ra-fl. 
 
 bipartite, bip'ar-tit or bi-par'tlt. 
 
 bison, Iji'sun or biz'un. 
 
 bissextile, bis-seks'til or bis-seks'tfl. 
 
 bitumen, bi-tu'men, not bit'u-men. 
 
 bivouac, biv'wak or biv'6o-ak. 
 
 blackguard, Ijlag'ard, not blak'gard. 
 
 Ay, arm, f&re, ow-1, ///-on. th-ln, get, rli-op,
 
 10 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 blasphemous, blas'fe-mus, not blas-fe'mus. 
 
 blasphemy, bias' fe -mi, not blas-fe'mi. 
 
 blatant, bla'tant, not blat'ant. 
 
 bleat, blet, not blaat (a prolonged). 
 
 blessed (adj.), bles'ed, not blest. 
 
 blithe, Ulth, not blith. 
 
 blouse, blowz, not blows. 
 
 boatswain, bot'swan or bos'n. 
 
 boisterous, bois'ter-us, not bois'trus. 
 
 bomb, bum, not bom. So bom'bard, bomb 'shell 
 
 bombast, 1 bum'bast or bum-bast', not bom'bast 
 
 So bom-bas'tic. 
 
 bombazine, bum-ba-zen', not bom-ba-zen'. 
 bonnet, bon'et, not bun'et. 
 booth, booth, not booth. 
 borealis, bo-re-a'lis, not bo-re-a'lis. 
 bosom, booz'um or bobz'um, not booz'm. 
 bounteous, bown'te-us, not bown'che-us. 
 bouquet, boo-ka' or boo'ka^ not bo-ka'. 
 bourn, born or boorn. 
 bowline, bo'lin, not bowl'm. 
 bowling, bol'ing, not bowl'ing. 
 bovT-sprit, bo'sprit, not bow'sprit. 
 bramin, brii'min, not bra'min. 
 bravado, bra-va'do, not bra-va'do. 
 bravo, brii'vo or bra'vo. 
 
 breeches, bnch'ez, not brech'ez. So breech 'ing 
 brethren, bre/^'ren, not breth'er-en. 
 
 1U*. eat, ice, old, use, doze, good, ftud, nd, ill, 6n
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 11 
 
 breviary, brev'ya-ri or bre'vi-a-ri. 
 
 brew, broo, not bru. 
 
 brigand, brig'and, not bri-gand'. 
 
 brigantine, brig'an-tin, not brig'an-tin. 
 
 bromide, bro'mld, not bro'mid. 
 
 bromine, bro'inni, not bro'mln. 
 
 bronchitis, bron-ki'tis, not bron-ke'tia 
 
 bronze, bronz or bronz. 
 
 brooch, broch, not brooch. 
 
 broth, broth or brawth. 
 
 brothel, brofA'el, not broth'eL 
 
 brougham, brob'am or broom. 
 
 bruit, brobt, not broo'it. 
 
 brutal, broo'tal, not bru'tl. 
 
 brute, broot, not brut. 
 
 buddhism, bood'izm or bud'izm. 
 
 bulletin, bool'e-tin or bool'e-ten. 
 
 bulwark, bobl'wark, not bul'wark. 
 
 buoy, bwoi, not boi nor booT. 
 
 buoyant, bwoi'ant, not boi'ant nor booi'ant. So 
 
 buoy'an-cy. 
 bureau, bu'ro or bu-ro 
 Burgundy, bur'gun-dl, not bur-gun'dl. 
 bushel, boosh'el, not boosh'l. 
 business, biz'nes, not biz'i-nes. 
 bustle, bus'l, not bus'tl. 
 butcher, bobch'er, not bfJo'cher. 
 Byzantine, biz'an-tln or bi-zan'tm. 
 
 Jip, arm, f Are, o-vv-1, f/<-en, tli-ii, get, cl-op, h-oi
 
 I 
 12 PRONOUNCING^ HANDBOOK- 
 
 c. 
 
 cadi, ka'di, not ka'di. 
 caisson, kas'son or ka-sdon'. 
 calcine, kal-sin' or kal'sin. 
 caldron, kawl'dron, not kal'dron. 
 Calf, kilf, not kaaf (a prolonged). 
 calisthenics, kal-is-then'iks, not kal-is'then-iks. 
 Calliope, kall-li'o-pe, not kal-li-6'pe. 
 calm, kam, not kam. 
 
 --caloric, ka-lor'ik or ka-lo'rik, not kal'o-rik. 
 calve, kav, not kaav (a prolonged). 
 calyx, ku'liks or kal'iks. 
 
 camelopard, ka-mel'o-pard, not kam-el-lep'ard 
 camphene, kam-fen' or kam'fen. 
 camphor, kam'for, not kam'flr. 
 can, kan, not ken. 
 
 Canaanite, ka'nan-Tt, not ka'na-an-it. 
 canaille [Fr.], ka-nal' or ka-na"il, not ka-nel'. 
 canine, ka-nm', not ka'nln. 
 canorous, ka-no'rus, not kan'o-rus. 
 cantata [It.], kan-ta'ta or kan-ta'ta. 
 caoutchouc, kob'chook, not ka'oo-chook. 
 capillary, kap'il-la-ri or ka-pil'la-ri. 
 capitoline, kap'I-to-Hn, not kap-i-to'lin. 
 capon, ka'pn, not ka'pon. 
 caravan, kar'a-van or kar-a-van'. 
 carbine, kar'bln, not kar'bin. 
 
 ile, eat, Ice, old, fine, onze, good, And, nd, III, te
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 13 
 
 carbonaceous, kar-bo-na'shus, not kar-bo-na"- 
 
 se-us. 
 
 caret, ka'ret, not kar'et. 
 Caribbean, kar-ib-be'anj not ka-rib'be-an. 
 caricature, kar'i-ka-tur, not kar'i-ka-choor. 
 carmine, kar'mm or kar-min'. 
 carry, kar'ri, not ker'ri. 
 cartel, car-tel' or car'tel. 
 
 Carthaginian, kar-tha-jin'i-an, not kar-tha-jenl-nn. 
 cartridge, kar'trij, not kat'rij. 
 casement, kaz'ment or kas'ment. 
 cassimere, kas'si-mer, not kaz'i-mer. 
 Cassiopea, kas-si-o-pe'a, not kas-si-o'pe-a. 
 Castanet, kas'ta-net or kas-ta-net'. 
 castle, kas'l, not kas'tl. 
 
 casual, kazh'u-al, not kaz'u-al. So cas'u-ist 
 casualty, kazh'u-al-ti, not kazh-u-al'i-ti. 
 catch, kach, not kcch. 
 
 catechumen, kat-e-ku'men, not kat-e-chu'men. 
 Caucasian, kaw-ka'shan, not kaw-kash'an. 
 caudal, kau'dal, not kau'dl. 
 cayenne, ka-en', not kl-en' nor ki-an'. 
 fielibacy, sel'i-ba-si or se-lib'a-si. 
 cellar, sel'ler, not sul'ler. 
 cement (noun), sem'ent or se-ment". 
 cement (verb), se-ment', not sem'ent. 
 cemetery, sem'e-ter-I, not sem'e-tri. 
 centenary, sen'te-na-ri, not sen-ten' a-n. 
 
 ftp, arm, fire, ow-I, f/i-en, th-in, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 14 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 centrifugal, sen-trif 'u-gal, not sen-tri-fu'gaL 
 
 centripetal, son-trip' e-tal, not sen-tri-pe'taJ. 
 
 cephalic, se-fal'ik, not sef'al-ik. 
 
 cerate, ye'rat, not ser'at. 
 
 cerements, ser'ments, not ser'e-ments. 
 
 certain, ser'tin, not sert'n. 
 
 cervine, ser'vin, not ser'vin. 
 
 chagrin, sha-gren' or sha-grin'. 
 
 chalcedony, kal-scd'o-ni or kal'se-do-m. 
 
 chaldron, chawl'drun or chal'dron. 
 
 chalybeate, ka-lib'e-at, not cha-lib'e-at 
 
 cham, kam, not cham. 
 
 chamber, chara'ber, not cham'ber. 
 
 chamois, sham'i or sha-moi'. 
 
 champ, champ, not chomp. 
 
 chaos, ka'os, not ka'us, nor cha'os. 
 
 character, kar'ak-ter, not ka-rak'ter. 
 
 characteristic, kar-ak-ter-is'tik, not krak'ter-b 
 
 tik. 
 
 chasm, kazm, not kaz'um. 
 chasten, chas'n, not chas'n. 
 chastisement, chas'tiz-ment, not chas-tlz'ment. 
 chemise, she-mez', not she-mes'. 
 chemistry, kem'is-tri or kim'is-tri. 
 chest, chest, not chist. 
 chevr, chdb, not chu. 
 chicanery, she-kan'er-i, not shi-kan er-i. 
 chicken, chick' en, not chick'n nor chick'ing. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, Use, ooze, good, &nd, end, III, 5n
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 1ft 
 
 child, child, not chil. 
 
 children, chil'dren, not chil'durn. 
 
 chimera, ki me'ra, not chl-me'ra. 
 
 chimerical, ki-imVik-al, not chf-mer'ik-al. 
 
 chimney, chim'nl, not chim'li nor chim'bli. 
 
 chimpanzee, ehim-pan'ze. not shirn-pan'ze. 
 
 Chinese, ehi-nez', not chi-nes'. 
 
 chirography, kl-rog'ra-fi, not chl-rog'ra-fi nor 
 
 kir-og'ra-fi. 
 chiropodist, kl-rop'o-dist, not chi-rop'o-dist SK 
 
 chi-rop'o-dy. 
 chisel, chiz'el, not chiz'l. 
 chivalric, shi-val'rik or shiv'al-rik. 
 chi-fl alrous, shiv'al-rus, not shi-val'rus. 
 chivalry, shiv'al-ri or chiv'al-ri. 
 chloride, klo'rid, not klo'rid. 
 chlorine, klo'rin, not klo'rin. 
 chocolate, cliok'o-lat, not chawk'o-lat. 
 Christianity, krist-yan'i-ti or kris-tT-an'i-ti. 
 Christmas, kris'mas, not krist'mas. 
 chronological, kron-o-loj'Tk-al or kro-no-loj'ik-aL 
 chyle, kil, not clifl. 
 cicatrice, sik'a-tris, not sik'a-tris. 
 cinchona, sin-ko'na, not sin-cho'na. 
 circuitous, sur-ku'it-us, not sur'kit-us. 
 citizen, sit'i-zn, not sit'i-zen. 
 civil, siv'il, not siv'l. 
 clandestine, klan-des'tln, not klan-des'tfn. 
 
 &!, Hnn, f&re, o\v-l, th-en, t h-in. get, cb-op, h-er.
 
 16 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 clangor, klang'gor, not klang'or. So clang or- 
 
 ous. 
 
 clapboard, klab'bord, not klab'urd. 
 cleanly (arf/.), klen'li. 
 cleanly (adverb), klen'li. 
 clerk, klerk or klark. The latter is universal io 
 
 England, the former in the United States. 
 climacteric, kli-mak-ter'ik or kli-raak'ter-ik. 
 clinch, klinch, not klench. 
 cloth, kloth or klawth. 
 cloths, kloi/jz or klawtfAz, not kloths. 
 clothes, klo^z, colloquially kloz. 
 coadjutant, ko-ad'ju-tant, not ko-ad-ju'tant. 
 coadjutor, ko-ad-ju'tor, not ko-aj'u-tor. 
 cobalt, ko'bawlt or ko'bolt. 
 cochineal, koch'i-nel, not koch'i-ncl. 
 cockatrice, kok'a-trice, not kok'a-tris. 
 cockswain, kok'swan or kok'sn. 
 co-exist, ko-egz-ist', not ko-eks-ist'. 
 cofifee, kof'e, not kaw'fe. 
 coffin, kof'in, not kawf'in. 
 cognizance, kog'm-zance or kor/i-zance. 
 cognizant, kog'nT-zant or kon'T-zant. 
 colchicum, kol'kT-kum or ko!'chi-kum. 
 coliseum, kol-i-se'um, not ko^ -iz e-um. 
 collation, kol-la'shun, not co-ia'shun. 
 collusive, kol-lu'siv, not kol-lu'ziv, 
 colon, ko'lon, not ko'ln. 
 
 5le, eat. Ice, old, use, ooze, good, find, nd, ill. <">?-,,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 1? 
 
 colportage, col'port-aj, not col-port'aj. 
 colporter, col'port-er, not col-port'er. 
 column, kol'um, not koryooin nor kol'yum. 
 comatose, ko'ma-tos or kom-a-tos', 
 combat (noun and verb), kom bat or kum bat. 
 combatable, kom'ba-ta-bl or kum'ba-ta-bl or 
 
 kom-bat'a-bL 
 combatant, kom'ba-tantor kum'ba-tant, not kom- 
 
 bat'ant. 
 combative, kom'ba-tiv or kum'ba-tiv, not kom- 
 
 bat'iv. So com'bat-ive-ness. 
 comely, kum'li, not kom'li. So come'li-ness. 
 commensurable, koni-men'shoo-ra-bl, not korn- 
 
 men'zhoo-ra-bl. So com-men-su-ra-bil'i-ty, 
 
 com-men'su-rate, com-men-su-ra'tion. 
 comment (verb and noun), kom'ment, not kom-ment'. 
 commiserate, kom-miz'er-at, not kom-mis'er-at. 
 commonwealth, kom'mon-welth or kom-mon- 
 
 welth'. 
 
 communist, kom'mu-nist, not kom-mu'nist. 
 comose, ko-mos' or ko'mos. 
 comparable, kom'pa-ra-bl, not kom-par'a-bl. 
 compeer, kom-per', not kom'per. 
 compensate, kom-pen'sat or kom'pen-sat. 
 compensative, kora-pen'sa-tiv, not kom'pen- 
 
 sa-tiv. 
 complaisance, kom-pla-zance' or kom'pla-zanc^ 
 
 not kom-pla'sance. 
 
 fip, arm, fire, ow-L th-en t th-lii, get, ch-op, h-cr
 
 18 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 complaisant, kom-pla-zant' or kom'pla-zant, not 
 
 kom-pla'sant. 
 
 component, kom-po'nent, not kom'po-nent. 
 composite, kom-poz'it, not kom'pozit. 
 compost, kom'post, not kom'post. 
 compromise, kom'pro-miz, not kom-prona'iB. 
 comrade, kom'rad, not kom'rad nor kum'rad. 
 concave, kong'kav, not kon'kav. 
 concentrate, kon-sen'trat or kon'sen-trat. 
 concise, kon-sis', not kon-siz'. 
 conclusive, kon-klu'siv, not kon-klu'ziv. 
 concourse, kong'kors, not kou'kors. 
 concrete (arij. and noun), kong'kret or kon'kret. 
 concubinage, kon-ku'bi-naj, not kon'ku-bl-naj. 
 condemner, kon-dem'ner, not kon-dem'er. 
 condemning, kon-dcrn'ning, not kon-dem'ing. 
 condolence, kon-do'lence, not kon'do-lence. 
 conduit, kun'dit or kon'dit. 
 confessor, kon-fes'ur or kon'fes-ur. 
 confidant, kon-tT-dant', not kon'fi-dant. 
 confine (noun), kon'fm or kon-fin'. 
 confiscate, kon-fis'kat or kon'fis-kat. 
 confluent, kon'fiu-ent, not kon-flu'ent. 
 confront, kon-frunt', not kon-front'. 
 congenial, kon-jen'i-al or kon-jen'yal. So con 
 
 genial'ity. 
 congruent, kong'groo-ent, not kon-groo'ant. So 
 
 con'gru-ence. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, ilse, ooye, good, and, Cnd, ill. Ox*
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 19 
 
 conjure (to practise magic), kun'jur, not kon'jur. 
 connate, kon-niit' or kon'nat. 
 connoisseur, kon-nis-sur' or kon-nis-sur'. 
 conquer, kong'ker, not kon'ker nor kon'kwer. 
 conqueror, kong'ker-er, not kongk'rer. 
 conservator, kon'ser-va-tor or kon-ser-va'tor. 
 considerable, kon-sid'er-a-bl, not kon-sid'ra-bl. 
 consistory, kon'sis-to-ri or kon-sis'to-ri. 
 consols, kon-solz' or kon'solz. 
 conspiracy, kon-spir'a-si, not kon-spi'ra-sT. 
 construe, kon'stroo, not kon-stroo' nor kon'ster. 
 consummate (verb), kon-sum'mut or kon'sura-mat. 
 consummate (*/;.), kon-sum'mat, not kon'sum-mat. 
 contemner, kon-tem'ner, not kon-tem'er. So 
 
 con-tern 'ning. 
 
 contemplate, kon-tem'plat or kon' tern-plat. 
 cpntemplator, kon-tem'pla-tor, or kon'tem-nla' 
 
 tor. 
 
 contents, kon-tents' or kon'tents. 
 contour, kon-toor', not kon'toor. 
 contrary, kon'tra-ri, not kon'tri nor kon-tra'ri. 
 contribute, kon-trib'ut, not kon'tri-but nor kon- 
 
 trib'ut. 
 
 controvert, kon'tro-vert, not kon-tro-vert'. 
 contumacy, kon'tu-ma-sT, not kon-tu'ma-si. 
 contumely, kon'tu-me-11, not kon-tu'me-li. 
 convenient, kon-ven'yent or kon-ven'i-ent. Sa 
 
 convenience. 
 
 iip, arm, fare, ow-1. f/<-en, Ii-in, get, cli-op, h-r.
 
 20 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 conversant, kon'ver-sant, not kon-ver'sant. 
 
 conversely, kon'vers-li or kon-vers'li. 
 
 convex, kon'veks, not kon-veks'. So con'vex-ly 
 
 convivial, kon-viv'i-al or kon-viv'yal. 
 
 convoy (verb), kon-voy'; (non), kon'voy. 
 
 cony, ko'm, colloquially kun'i. 
 
 cooper, k(3bp'er or koop'er. 
 
 copaiba, ko-pa'ba, not ko-pe'ba. 
 
 coquet (rer&), ko-ket', not ko-kwet'. 
 
 coquette (noun), ko-ket', not ko-kwet'. 
 
 coquetry, ko-ket'ri, not ko'ket-ri. 
 
 coral, kor'al, not ko'ral. 
 
 cordial, kord'yal or kor'di-al. So cordiality. 
 
 corollary, kor'ol-la-ri, not ko-rol'la-ri. 
 
 coronal, kor'o-nal or ko-ro'nal. 
 
 corridor, kor'ri-dor, not kor'ri-dor. 
 
 corse, kors or kors. 
 
 coruscate, ko-rus'kat or kor'us-kat. 
 
 corvine, kor'vln, not kor'vin. 
 
 cost, kost or kawst. So costly. 
 
 costume, kos-tum' or kos'tum. 
 
 coterie, ko-te-re', not ko'te-re nor kot'er-e. 
 
 cotyledon, kot-i-le'don, not ko-ti-le'don. 
 
 cotyledonous, kot-T-led'on-us or ko-tl-le'don-u& 
 
 coupon, kob'pon, not ku'pon. 
 
 courier, koo'ri-er, not kur'ri-er nor koo'rer. 
 
 courteous, kurt'e-us or kort'yus. 
 
 courtesan, knrt'e-zan, kurt-e-zan' or kort'e-zan. 
 
 ile, eat, Ic, old, use, ooze, gdod, .1 ml, nd, ill, 5n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 21 
 
 courtesy (a depression oftht body), kurt'si, not kurch'L 
 
 covenant, kuv'e-nant, not kov'e-nant. 
 
 covetous, kuv'et-us, not kuv'e-chus. 
 
 cowardice, kow'ar-dice, not kow'ar-dlce. 
 
 cranberry, kran'ber-ri, not kram'bri. 
 
 craunch, kranch, not krawnch. 
 
 credence, kre'dence, not kred'ence. 
 
 creek, krek, not krik. 
 
 crept, krept, not krep. 
 
 crinoline, krin'o-lm or krin'o-lfn. 
 
 crocodile, krok'o-dll, not krok'o-dIL 
 
 crouch, krowch, not krooch. 
 
 crude, krood, not krud. 
 
 cruel, kroo'el, not kru'el. 
 
 cruise (to sail to andjro), krooz, not krooe. 
 
 crupper, krup'er or kroop'er. 
 
 cruse, kroos, not krooz. 
 
 cucumber, ku'kum-ber, not kdw'kum-ber. 
 
 cuirass, kwe-ras' or kwe'ras. 
 
 culinary, ku'li-na-ri, not kul'i-na-ri. 
 
 cupola, ku'po-la, not ku'pa-lo. 
 
 curator, ku-ra'tor, not ku'ra-tor. 
 
 current, kur'rent, not kurnt. 
 
 cursed (adj.\ kur'sed, not kurst. 
 
 curtain, kur'tin, not kurt'n. 
 
 cushion, kobsh'un, not kwish'un. 
 
 cyclopean, si-klo-pe'an, not si-klo'pe-an. 
 
 cynosure, si'no-shoor or sin'o-shoor. 
 
 iip, arm, f^rc, ovr-1, t/<-en, t h-iii, get, ch-op, h-eiv
 
 22 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 D. 
 
 daguerreotype, da-ger'o-tip, not da-ger'e-o-tip. 
 dahlia, diil'ya or dal'ya. 
 damning, uam'uing, not dani'ing. 
 dandelion, dan'de-li-on or dan-de-li'on, not dao 
 
 de-lin. 
 
 Danish, diin'ish, not dan'ish. 
 data, da'ta, not da'ta. 
 daub, dawb. not dob. 
 daunt, diint, not dawnt. 
 deaf, def, not def. So deafen, 
 decade, dek'ful, not dek-ad'. 
 decadence, de-ka'dence, not dek'a-dence. 
 decantation, de-kan-ta'slvin or dt'k-an-ta'shun. 
 declarative, de-klur'a-tiv, not de-klur'a-tiv. 
 decorous, de-ko'rus or dek'o-rus. 
 decrepit, de-krep'it, not de-krep'id. 
 defalcate, de-f'ul kut, not del"al-kat nor de-fawJ 
 
 ka.t. 
 
 defalcation, de-fal-ka'shun or def-al-ka'shun. 
 deficit, ae f 'I-sit, not de-fis'it. 
 defile (noun), de-fll' or du'i'il. 
 delivery, de-liv'er-T, not de-liv'ri. 
 demise, de-mlz', not de-nils'. 
 demonstrate, (U-iuon'strat or dern'on-strat. 
 demonstration, dem-on-stra'shun, not de-mon, 
 
 stra'slmn 
 
 >. et, Ice, old, Qs, ouze. g-ood. l mi, 'tnl. Ill, ftn.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 23 
 
 demonstrative, de-mon'stra-tiv, not dem'orwtra- 
 
 tiv. 
 demonstrator, dem'on-stra-tur, not de-mon'^tr*. 
 
 tur. 
 denationalize, de-nash'un-al-iz, not de-na'shun- 
 
 al-Iz. 
 
 denudation, den-u-da'shun or de-nu-da'shun. 
 denunciate, de-nun'sht-at, not de-nun'shat 
 depends, de-pends', not de-penz'. 
 deposition, dep-o-zish'un or de-po-sizh'un. 
 depot, de-po' or da-po', but commonly de'po. 
 depreciate, de-pre'shi-at, not de-pre'shat. 
 depths, depths, not deps nor debths. 
 deputy, dep'u-ti, not deb'u-ti. 
 derelict, der'e-likt, not der-e-likt'. 
 dereliction, der-e-lik'shun, not der-e-lek'shun. 
 derisive, de-ri'siv, not de-ri'ztv. 
 desiccate, de-sik'kat or des'ik-kat. 
 design (noun and verb), de-sin' or de-zln'. 
 designate, des'ig-nat, not dez'ig-nat. 
 desist, de-sist', not de-zist'. 
 desolate, des'o-lat, not dez'o-lat. So des-o-la- 
 
 tion. 
 
 desperado, des-pe-ra'do, not des-pe-ra'do. 
 despicable, des'pi-ka-bl, not des-pik'a-bL 
 dessert, dez-zert', not dez'ert. 
 destine, des'tin, not des'tin. 
 desultory, des'ul-to-ri, not de-zult'o-ri. 
 
 p, arm, f fcre, ow-1, </-en, t li-iii, get, r.h-op, h-er.
 
 24 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 detail (novn), de'tal or de-tal'; (verb), de-tal'. 
 detestation, det-es-ta'shun or jde-te,s-ta'shun- 
 devastate, dev as-tat or de-vas'tat 
 devil, dev'l, not dev'il. 
 dew, dii, not dob. 
 
 (diaeresis, di-er'e-sis, not di-e-re'sis nor di-e're-eia. 
 dialogue, di'a-log, not di'a-lawg. 
 diamond, dfa-mund or dl'mund. 
 diatribe, di'a-trib. not di-at'ri-be. 
 didactic, di-dak'tik, not di-dak'tik. 
 different, dif'fer-ent, not dif rent. 
 differentiate, dif-ler-en'sbi-at, not dif-fer-en'shat 
 diffuse (adj.), dif-fus', notdif-fuz'. 
 diffusive, dif-fu'slv, not dif-fu'ziv. 
 digression, di-gresh'un, not dl-gresh'un. 
 "dilapidate, di-lap'i-dat, not dl-lap'i-dat. 
 ' f ilate, di-lat' or di-lat'. 
 lilemma, dl-lem'ma or dl-lem'ma. 
 dimension, dT-men'shun, not dl-men'shun. 
 diocesan, di-os'e-san or di-o-se'san. 
 diocese, dl'o-ses or di'o-ses. 
 diorama, di-o-ra'ma or di-o-ra'ma. 
 diphtheria, dif-the'ri-a, not dip-the'ri-a. 
 diphthong, dip'thong or dif'thong. 
 diploma, di-plo'ma, not di-plo'ma. 
 diplomacy, dl-plo'ma-si, not dip'lo-ma-si. 
 diplomatic, dip-lo-mat'ik, not di-plo-mat'ik. 
 diplomatist, dT-plo'ma-tist, not dl-plo'ina-tist. 
 
 Zle, eat, ice, old, use, ooze, good, find, nd, ill, on.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 25 
 
 direct, dT-rekt', not di-rekt' nor drekt 
 
 disable, dis-a'bl or diz-a'bl. 
 
 disarm, diz-arm', not dis-arm'. 
 
 disaster, diz-as'ter, not dis-as'ter. 
 
 disband, dis-band' or diz-band'. 
 
 disburden, dis-bur'dn or diz-bur'dn. 
 
 disburse, dis-burse' or diz-burse'. 
 
 discern, diz-zern', not dis-sern'. So dis-cern'- 
 
 ment. 
 
 discourteous, dis-kurt'e-us, not dis-kort'e-us. 
 discoverer, dis-kuv'er-er, not dis-kuv'rer. 
 discovery, dis-kuv'er-i, not dis-kuv'ri. 
 discrepance, dis'kre-pance or dis-krep'ance. So 
 
 discrepancy, discrepant, 
 disdain, diz-diin', not dis-dan'. 
 disease, diz-ez', not dis-ez'. 
 disfranchise, dis-fran'chiz, not dis-fran'chiz. 
 disgorge, dis-gorj' or diz-gorj'. 
 disgrace, dis-grace' or diz-grace'. 
 disguise, dis-glz' or diz-giz'. 
 disgust, dis-gust' or diz-gust'. 
 dishabille, dis-ha-bil', not dis-ha-bel'. 
 dishevelled, di-shev'ld, not dis-hev'ld. 
 dishonest, diz-on'est, not dis-on'est. So dis- 
 
 hon'or, dis-hon'or-a-ble, dis-hon'es-ty. 
 disinterested, dis-in'ter-est-ed or diz-in'ter-est- 
 
 ed, not dis-in-ter-est'ed. 
 disjoin, dis-join' or diz-join'. 
 
 up. arm, fire, o\v- 1, t/t-vn, I li-iii , get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 86 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK, 
 
 disjoint, dis-joint' or diz-joint'. 
 disjunctive, dis-junc'tiv or diz-junc'tiy, 
 dislike, dis-llk' or diz-lik'. 
 dislodge, dis-loj' or diz-loj'. 
 disloyal, dis-loy'al or diz-loy'al. 
 dismantle, dis-man'tl or diz-man'tl. 
 dismast, 1 dis-mast' or diz-mast'. 
 dismay, dis-ma' or diz-ma'. 
 dismember, dis-mem'ber or diz-mem'ber. 
 dismiss, dis-mis' or diz-mis'. 
 dismount, dis-mownt' or diz-mownt'. 
 disoblige, dis-o-blij', not dis-o-blej'. 
 disorder, dis-or'der or diz-or'der. 
 disorganize, dis-or'gan-Iz or diz-or'gan-iz 
 disown, dis-6n' or diz-6n'. 
 ^dispossess, dis-poz-zes', not dis-pos-ses'. 
 disputable, dis'pu-ta-bl, not dis-pu'ta-bL 
 disputant, dis'pu-tant, not dis-pu'tant. 
 disrobe, dis-rob' or diz-rob'. 
 disruption, dis-rup'shun or diz-rup'shun. 
 dissemble, dis-sem'bl, not diz-zem'bl. 
 dissociate, dis-so'shi-at, not dis-so'shat. 
 dissolve, diz-zolv', not dis-solv'. 
 dissyllable, dis-sil'la-bl or dis'sil-la-bL 
 distich, dis'tik, not dis'tich. 
 district, dis'trikt, not de'strikt. 
 divan, dT-Van', not di'van. 
 divaricate, di-var'i-kat, not di-varl-kat. 
 
 Sl, eat, Ice, old, use, oze, good, ;'uil, r-ml. 111, r>n
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 27 
 
 dJTergc, di-verj', not di-verj'. 
 
 diverse, di' verse, not di-verse'. So di'verse-iy 
 
 divert, di-vert', not di-vert'. 
 
 divest, di-vest', not dl-vest'. 
 
 divulge, dl-vulj". not dl-vulj'. 
 
 do, d(X), not dioo. 
 
 docile, dos'Il, not do'sil. 
 
 does, duz, not dooz. 
 
 dog, do?, not dawg. 
 
 dolorous, doTo-rus, not do'lo-rug. 
 
 domain, do-man', not do'man. 
 
 domicile, dom'i-sll, not dom'i-sfl. 
 
 uominie, dom'i-nT, not do'mi-nt. 
 
 donative, don'a-tiv, not do'na-tiT. 
 
 donkey, dong'ki, not dung'ki. 
 
 Doric, dor'ik, not do'rik. 
 
 dost, dust, not dost. 
 
 doth, duth, not doth. 
 
 drama, dra'ma or dram'a. 
 
 dramatist, dram'a-tist, not dra'ma-tist. 
 
 draught, 1 draft, not drawt. 
 
 drawers, draw'erz, not draw'uz nor drawz. 
 
 drollery, drol'er-T, not drol'er-i. 
 
 dromedary, drum'e-da-ri, not drom'e-da-rl. 
 
 dross, 4 dros, not draws. 
 
 drown, drown, not drownd. 
 
 drowned, drownd, not drown'ded. 
 
 Druid, droo'id, not drii'id. 
 
 up, arm. f 4rj ow-1, tii-en, th-in, get, oti-op, h-en
 
 28 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 ducat, duk'at, not du'kat. 
 
 ductile, duk'tll, not duk'tll. 
 
 duet, du-et', not doo-et'. 
 
 duke, diik, not dook. 
 
 duress, du'res or du-res'. 
 
 duty, du'ti, not dob'ti. 
 
 dwarfs (n pi.), dwawrfs, not dwawrrz. 
 
 dynasty, di'nas-ti or din'as-ti. 
 
 dysentery, dis'en-ter-i, not diz'en-ter-L 
 
 E. 
 
 early, er'lT, not ar'li. 
 east-ward, east'ward, not east'ard. 
 eclat, a-kla' or e-kla', not e-klaw'. 
 economical, e-ko-nom'i-kal or ek-o-nom'l-kal. 
 educate, ed'u-kat, not ed'i-kat. So ed-u-ca'tion 
 e'er, 4r, not er. 
 effort, ef'furt or effort- 
 effrontery, ef-frunt'er-i, not ef-front'er-i. 
 egg. c?. not ag. 
 
 egotism, e'go-tizm or eg'o-tizm. So egotist, 
 egregious, e-gre'jus or e-gre jT-us. 
 either, e'^er or ither. 
 eleemosynary, el-e-moz'i-na-ri, not el-e-mos'i- 
 
 na-rl. 
 
 elegiac, e-le'ji-ak or el-e-jfak. 
 elephantine, el-e-fan'tin, not el-e-fan'tin. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, &nd, nd, 111, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 29 
 
 eleven, e-lev'n, not levn. 
 
 Elizabethan, e-liz'a-beth-an or e-liz-a-beth'an. 
 elm, elm, not el'um. 
 elusive, e-lu'slv, not e-lu'zlv. 
 Elysiuui, e-lizh'I-um, not e-liz'I-um. 
 emaciate, e-ma'slil-at, not e-ina'sliat. 
 emendation, em-eu-da'shun, not e-nieu-da'shun, 
 emolliate, e-mol'li-at or e-mol'yat. 
 emollient, e-mol'yent, not e-mol'll-ent. 
 empiric (noun), em-plr'ik or em'plr-ik. 
 empyrean, em-pl-re'an or em-plr'e-an. 
 encore, 6~ng-kOr', not Ong'kOr. 
 endive, eu'div, not en'dlv. 
 enervate, e-uer'vat, not eii'er-vat. 
 enfranchise, en-fran'clilz, not en-frau'ohlz. 
 engine, en'jin, not eii'jln. 
 enginery, en'jlii-rl, not en'jln-rl. 
 engross, en-gros', not en-gr&s' nor eu-graws'. 
 ennui, iin-we' or 6ng-\ve', not Cng'vve. 
 enunciate, e-nun'shl-at, not e-nun'shat. So 
 
 e-nun-ci-a'tion. 
 
 envelope (o), en've-lOp or ang've-lop. 
 environs, en-vi'runz or en'vl-runz. 
 ephemeral, e-fem'er-al, not ef-fem'er-al. 
 epicurean, ep-I-ku-re'an, not ep-I-ku're-an. 
 epistle, e-pis'l, not e-pis'tl. 
 
 epizootic, ep-I-zo-ot'ik, not ep-I-zoo'tik. So 
 epoch, ep'ok or e'pok. [ep-i-zo'ot-y. 
 
 an, arm. fare, ow-1, th-eu. tli-iii. j>tt . ch-op, li-er.
 
 80 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 equable, e'kwa-bl or ek'wa-bl. 
 
 equanimity, e-kwa-nim'i-ti, not ek-kwa-niml-ti. 
 
 equation, e-kwa'shun, not e-kwa'zhun. 
 
 equatorial, e-kwa-to'ri-al, not ek-wa-to'ri-al. 
 
 equerry, ek'wer-ri or e-kwer'ri. 
 
 equinox, e'kwi-noks, not ek'wi-noks. So e-qui- 
 
 noc'tial. 
 
 equipage, ek'wl-pej, not e-kwip'ej. 
 equipoise, e'kwi-poiz, not ek'wi-poiz. 
 erasure, e-ra'zhur, not e-ra'shur. 
 ere, ar, not er. 
 ermine, er'nnn, not er'min. 
 err, er, not er. 
 
 errand, er'rand, not ar'ant nor er'rand. 
 erratum, er-ra'tum, not er-ra'tum. So er-ra'ta 
 erring, er'ring or er'ring. 
 erudite, er'66-dlt, not er'u-dit. 
 erysipelas, er-I-sip'e-las, not ir-i-sip'e-las. 
 espionage, es'pe-o-naj or es'pe-o-nazh. 
 esquire, es-kwir', not es-kwar'. 
 essayist, es'sa-ist or es-sa'ist. 
 etiquette, et'i-ket, not et'i-kwet. 
 European, ii-ro-pe'an, not u-ro'pe-an. 
 evangelical, e-van-jel'i-kal or ev-an-jl'i-kal. 
 evasive, e-va'siv, not e-va'ziv. 
 every, ev'er-i, not ev'ri. 
 exacerbate, egz-as'er-bat, not eks-a-ser'bat. 
 exact, egz-akt', not eks-akt'. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, use, ubze, uobd, ft ml, nd, III, fin,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. al 
 
 exaggerate, egz-aj'er-at, not eks-aj'er-at 
 exalt, egz-awlt , not eks-awlt'. 
 examine, egz-am'in, not eks-am'in. 
 example, 1 egz-am'pl, not eks-arn'pl. 
 exasperate, egz-as'per-at, not eks-as'per-a* 
 excellent, eks'sel-lent, not eks'lent. 
 excise, eks-slz', not eks'slz. 
 exciseman, eks-slz'man, not eks'sls-man. 
 exclusive, eks-clu'siv, not eks-clu'ziv. 
 excretive, eks-kre'tiv or eks'kre-tiv. 
 excretory, eks-kre'to-ri or eks'kre-to-ri. 
 excruciate, eks-kroo'shi-at, not eks-kroo'shat. 
 excursion, eks-kur'shun, not eks-kur'zhun. 
 executive, egz-ek'u-tiv, not eks-ek'u-tiv. 
 6'iecutor, egz-ek'u-tor, not eks-ek'u-tor. So ex- 
 
 ec'u-trix. 
 
 exemplar, egz-em'plar, not eks-em'plar. 
 exemplary, egz'em-pla-ri, not egz-em'pla-ri. 
 exemplify, egz-em'pli-fT, not eks-ern'pli-fi. 
 exempt, egz-emt', not eks-emt'. 
 exert, egz-ert', not eks-ert'. 
 exhale,* egz-hal' commonly eks-hal'. 
 exhaust,* egz-hawst', commonly egz-awst'. So 
 
 ex-haust'ion ; ex-haust'ive. 
 exhibit,* egz-hib'it, commonly egz-ib'it. So ex- 
 
 hib'i-to-ry. 
 exhibition, eks-ht-bish'un, not egz-i-bish'un. 
 
 * See note, page 32. 
 rtp, arm, fire, ow-1, t/<-en, t h-ln, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 82 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 exhilarate,* egz-hil'a-rat, commonly egz-il'a-rat 
 exhort,* egz-hort', commonly egz-ort'. So ex- 
 
 hort'er. 
 
 exhortation, eks-hor-ta'shun, not egz-or-ta'shun. 
 exhume,* egz-hum', commonly eks-hum'. 
 exile (noun), eks'Il ; exile (verb), eks'il or egz-fl'. 
 exist, egz-ist', not eks-ist'. 
 exonerate, egz-on'er-at, not eks-on'er-at. 
 exorbitant, egz-or'bi-tant, not eks-or'bi-tant. 
 exorcise, eks'or-siz, not eks-or'slz. 
 exordium, egz-or'dl-um, not eks-or'dT-ura. 
 exoteric, eks-o-ter'ik, not eks-ot'er-ik. 
 expatiate, eks-pa'shi-at, not eks-pa'shat. 
 expert (noun), eks'pert or eks-pert'; (adj.), eks- 
 
 pert'. 
 
 expiration, eks-pi-ra'shun, not eks-pl-ra'shun. 
 expletive, eks'ple-tiv, not eks-ple'tiv. 
 explicable, eks'pll-ka-bl, not ex-plik'a-bl. 
 exploit, eks-ploit', not eks'ploit. 
 explosive, eks-plo'slv, not eks-plo'ziv. 
 
 * According to a rule given by the Dictionaries, "a; 
 has the sound of yz when it ends an unaccented syllable 
 and the next syllable is accented and begins with a vowe? 
 or the letter h." But when this syllable begins wit* 1 
 the letter A, it is almost the universal custom, in opposi- 
 tion to the Dictionaries, either to drop the sound of h, giv- 
 ing x the sound of gz, or, if the sound of A be retained, to 
 give to x the sound of ks ; thus exhaust is commonly pro- 
 nounced egz-awst, and exhale, eks-hdl'. 
 
 ale, eat, ice, old, use, doze, good, %nd, nd. III, 5n.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 33 
 
 exponent, eks-po'nent, not eks'po-neni. 
 expurgate, eks-pur'gat or eks'pur-gat. 
 expurgator, eks-pur'ga-tor or eks'pur-ga-tor. 
 exquisite, eks'kwi-zit, not eks-kwiz'it. 
 extant, eks'tant, not eks-tant'. 
 extempore, eks-tem'po-re, not eks-tem'por. 
 extirpate, eks-ter'pat or eks'ter-pat. So extir' 
 
 pator. 
 
 extol, eks-tol', not eks-tol'. 
 extra, eks'tra, not eks'tri. 
 extraordinary, eks-tror'di-na-ri or eks-tra-or'di- 
 
 na-ri. 
 
 extrude, eks-trood', not eks-trud'. 
 exuberant, egz-yoo'ber-ant, not eks-yoo'ber-ant. 
 
 So ex-u'ber-ance. 
 exude, eks-iid', not egz-ud'. 
 exult, egz-ult', not eks-ult'. 
 eyry, ar'i, not I'ri. 
 
 F. 
 
 fabric, fab'rik, not fa'brik. 
 
 facade, fa-sad' or fa-sad'. 
 
 facile, fas'il, not fas'Tl. 
 
 fac-simile, fak-sirn'i-le, not fak-sim'il. 
 
 factory, fak'to-ri, not fak'tri. 
 
 falchion, fawTchun or fawl'shun, not fal'chun. 
 
 falcon, faw'kn, not fal'kn. So fal'con-er. 
 
 up, arm, f &re, ow-1, f/t-en, th-ln, get, ch-op, h-r
 
 34 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 familiarity, fa-mil-yi-ar'i-ti or fa-mil-yar'i-tL 
 
 far, far, not fur. 
 
 farina, fa-ri'na or fa-re'na. 
 
 faro, far'o, not far'o nor fa'ro. 
 
 farrago, f ar-ra'go, not far-ra'go. 
 
 faucet, faw'set. not fas'et. 
 
 favorite, fa'vor-it, not fa'vor-it. 
 
 fealty, fe'al-ti, not fel'ti. 
 
 febrile, fe'bril or feb'ril. 
 
 February, feb'roo-a-ri, not feb'u-a-ri nor feb'l 
 
 wer-ri. 
 
 fecund, fek'und, not fe'kund. 
 fecundate, fek'un-dat or fe-kun'dat. 
 feme-covert, fem-kuv'ert, not fem-kob-vert'. 
 feme-sole, fern-sol' or fam-sol', not fern-sol'. 
 feminine, fem'I-nin, not fem'i-mn. 
 feoff, -K'.f, not fe'of nor fef. 
 ferrule (a ring), fer'ril or fer'rool. 
 fertile, iur'tll, not fer'tll. 
 ferule (a le\ fer'il or fer'ool. 
 fetid, fet'id, not fe'tid. 
 fidelity, f I-del'i-tl, not fi-del'i-ti. 
 fiduciary, f I-du'shi-a-ri, not fi-du'sha-ri. 
 fierce, ferce, not furce. 
 figure, fig'yur, not fig'ur. So fig'ured. 
 film, film, not fil'um. 
 finale, fe-na'le, not fi'nal. 
 finance, fi-nance', not fi'nance. So fi-nan'cial. 
 
 Sle, eat, Ice, old, ilse, doze, good, ftml, Cml, ill. fin
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 35 
 
 financier, fin-an-ser', not fi-nan-ser'. 
 
 finesse, fe-nes', not fi-nes'. 
 
 flaccid, flak'sid, ncrtflas'id. 
 
 flageolet, flaj-o-let', not flaj-e-o-let'. 
 
 flaunt, fliint, not flawnt. 
 
 flew, flu, not floo. 
 
 Florentine, flor'en-tm or flor'en-tm, not flor- 
 
 en- ten. 
 
 florid, flor'id, not flo'rid. 
 /lorin, flor'in, not flo'rin. 
 florist, flo'rist, not flor'ist. 
 foeticide, fet'i-sid, not fet'i-sid. 
 folio, fol'i-o or fol'yo. 
 for, for, not fur. 
 
 forbade, for-bad', not for-bad'. 
 forecastle, 1 for'kas-1, not fok'a-sl. 
 forefather, for'fli-^er or for-fa"^er. 
 forehead, for'ed or for'hed. 
 forest, for'est, not for'ist. 
 forge, forj, not fawrj. 
 forgery, forj'er-i, not for'jer-I not fawj K. 
 forget, tor-get', not for-g't'. 
 formidable, i'"-.'i^T-da-bl, not for-mid'a-b\ 
 forray, for'ra or for-ra'. 
 forthwith, forth- with' or forth -wii/i'. 
 fortnight, 1'ort'nit or fort'nit. 
 fortress, lor'tres, not fort' res. 
 forward, for' ward, not for'urd. 
 
 flp, arm, f&re, o\v-l, t/<en, th-in, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 56 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK.. 
 
 fountain, fown'tin, not fownt'n. 
 
 fracas, fra'kus, not fra-ca'. In England the latter 
 
 is preferred. 
 
 fragile, fraj'fl, not fraj'fl. 
 
 fragmentary, frag'ment-a-ri, not frag-ment'a-ri. 
 franchise, fran'chiz, not fran'chiz. 
 frankincense, frank'in-sense or frank-in'sense. 
 fraternize, fra-ter'nlz, not fra'ter-mz. 
 fratricide, frat'n-sid, not fra'tri-sid. 
 friends, frendz, not frenz. 
 friendship, frend'ship, not fren'ship. 
 frontier, fron'ter or frun'ter. 
 frontispiece, front'is-pes, not frunt'is-pes. 
 frost, 4 frost or frawst. 
 froth, 4 froth or frawth. 
 frugal, froo'gal, not fru'gl. 
 fruit, frodt, not frut. 
 fuchsia, fu'shi-a or fook'si-a. 
 fugue, fug, not fuj. 
 fulcrum, ful'crum, not fool'crum. 
 fulsome, ful'sum, not fobl'surn. 
 furniture, fur'nit-yoor, colloquially, fur'm-choor. 
 fusil (n'tj.), fu'zil, not fu'sil. 
 futile, fu'til, not fu'tll. 
 
 Vie, eat, Ice, old, iise. ooze, Kootl, And, nd. III, 011,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 8? 
 
 G. 
 
 gainsay, gan-sa' or gan'sa. 
 
 gallant (attentive to ladies'), gal-lant' or gallant'. 
 
 gallows, gal'lus, not gal'loz. 
 
 galoche, ga-losh' or ga-losh'. 
 
 gamboge, gam-booj' or gam-bqj'. 
 
 gangrene, gang'gren, not gan'gren. 
 
 gape, gap or gap, not gap. So gap'ing. 
 
 garden, gar'dn, not gar'den. 
 
 garrulous, gar'rod-lus, not gar'yoo-lus. 
 
 gas, gas, not gas nor gaz. 
 
 gaseous, gaz'e-us, not gas'e-us. 
 
 gasometer, gaz-om'e-ter, not gas-om'eter. 
 
 gather, ga/A'er, not geth'er. 
 
 gaunt, giint, not gawnt. So gauntlet. 
 
 genealogy, jen-e-al'o-ji or je-ne-al'o-ji. So gen- 
 
 ealog'ical, geneal'ogist. 
 generally, jen'er-al-H, not jen'rul-lt. 
 genial, jen'i-al, not jen'yal. 
 genius (inborn faculty), jen'yus or je'm-us. 
 genius (a spirit), je'm-us, not jen'yus. 
 Gentile, jen' til, nofjen'til. 
 gentlemen, jen'tl-men, not jen'tl-raun. 
 genuine, jen'u-m, not jen'u-in. 
 geography, je-og'ra-fi, not jog'ra-fi. 
 geometry, je-om e-trl, not jom'e-tri. 
 gerund, jer'und, not je'rund. 
 
 ftp, arm, f &re, otv-1, f/t-en, t h-ln, get* ch-op, h-er. 
 
 "
 
 88 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 get, get, not git. 
 
 gherkin, gur'kin, not jur'kin. 
 
 ghoul, gobl, not gowl. 
 
 giaour, jowr, not joor. 
 
 gibberish, gib'er-ish, not jib'er-ish. So gib'ber. 
 
 gibbet, jib'et, not gib'et. 
 
 gibbous, gib'us, not jib'us. 
 
 gigautean, ji-gan-te'an, not ji-gan'te-an. 
 
 giraffe, jT-raf or zhe-raf, notji-raf. 
 
 glacial, gla'shi-al or gla'shal. 
 
 glarcier, glas'i-er, not gla'ser. 
 
 gladiator, glad'i-a-tur, not gla'di-a-tur. 
 
 glisten, glis'n, not glis'tn. 
 
 God, god, not gawd. 
 
 golden, gold'n, not gold' en. 
 \gondola, gon' do-la,, not gon-do'la. 
 gone, gon or gawn. 
 
 gooseberry, gobz'ber-ri, not goos'ber-ri. 
 
 Gordian, gor'dl-an, not gord'yan. 
 
 gorgeous, gor'jus, not gor'je-us. 
 "gosling, goz'ling, not gawz'ling* 
 
 gospel, gos'pel, not gaws'pel. 
 
 got, got, not gut. 
 
 Gothamite, go'tham-it or goth'am-it. 
 
 gOUge (noun and rerft), gOWJ OF gOOJ. 
 
 gourd, gord or gobrd. 
 
 government, guv'ern-ment, not guv'er-munt. 
 
 governor, guv'ern-ur, not guv'nur. 
 
 alo, eat, Ice, old, use, <.../<. good, :'nul. cml, ill, 5n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 39 
 
 gown, gown, not gownd nor gaoon. 
 
 granary, gran'a-ri, not gran'a-ri. 
 
 grandmother, grand'mu^-er, not graninu$-*. 
 
 So grand'fa-ther, &c. 
 gratis, grii'tis, not gra'tis. 
 gravel, grav'el, not grav'l. 
 grease (noun), gres, not grez. 
 grease (verb), grez, not, gres. So greased, grea* 
 
 ing, greas'y. 
 grew, groo, not gru. 
 grievous grev'us, noi greVi-us. 
 grimace, gri-mace', not grim'ace. 
 grimalkin, gri-mal'kin, not gn-mawl'kia 
 grimy, gri'ml, not griml. 
 grindstone, grind'ston, colloquially, grin'ston. 
 grisly, griz'lT, no^gris'li. 
 groat grawt, not grot. 
 grovel, grov'l, not grov'el. 
 guardian, gard'i-an, not gar-den' nor gar jan. 
 guava, gwti'va, not gwaw'va nor gwa'va. 
 gubernatorial, gu-ber-na-to'ri-.al, not gub-er-na 
 
 to'ri-al. 
 
 guerdon, ger'dun, not gwer'dun. 
 guild, gild, not gild. 
 guillotine, gil-o-ten', not gil'o-tin. 
 gum-arabic, gum-ar'a-bik, not gum-a-ra'bik. 
 gums, gumz, not goomz. 
 gunwale, gun'el or gun'wal. 
 
 up, arm, f&re, ovrl, ///--ii, t li-in, get ch-op, h-er.
 
 40 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 gutta-percha, gut'ta-per'cha, not gut'ta-per'ka. 
 gymnasium, jim-na'zi-um or jim-na'zht-um. 
 gypsy.- jip'si, not gip'si. 
 gypsum, jip'sum, not gip'sum. 
 
 H. 
 
 halcyon, hal'si-un or hal'shi-un. 
 
 half, haf, not haf. 
 
 halfpenny, ha'pen-m, haf'pen-ni, or hap'en-m. 
 
 halibut, hol'i-but or hal'i-but. In England the 
 
 latter is preferred. 
 halve, hav, not hav. 
 handbook, hand'book, not han'book. 
 handful, hand'f(561, not han'fool. 
 handkerchiefs, hang'ker-chifs, not hang'ker- 
 
 chevz. 
 
 harass, bar' as, not ha-ras". 
 harem, ha'rera, not bar' em. 
 haslet, has'let or ha'slet. 
 hasten, has'n, not has'tn. 
 haunch, banch, not hawnch. 
 haunt, bant, not hawnt. 
 heard, herd, not herd. 
 hearth, hartb, not berth, except in poetry. 
 heather, heWer or hetb'er. In Scotland the word 
 
 is always pronounced hett'er. 
 heaven, hev'n, not hev'un. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, use, ouze, good, and, find, III, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 41 
 
 Hebe, he'be, not heb. 
 
 hegira, he-ji'ra or hej'i-ra. In England hej'i-ra is 
 
 preferred. 
 
 height, hit, not hith. 
 
 heinous, ha'nus, not han'yus nor he'nua. 
 heliotrope, he'li-o-trop, not hel'i-o-trop. 
 Hellenic, hel-len'ik or hel-le'nik. 
 helot, hel'ot or he'lot. 
 hemistich, hem'i-stik, not hem'i-stich. 
 herb, erb or herb. So herb'age, herb'y. 
 herbaceous, her-ba'shus, not her-ba'se-us. 
 Herculean, her-cn'le-an, not her-cu-le'an. 
 hereof, her-of ' or her-ov'. 
 herewith, her-with' or ber-vvi<A'. 
 heroine, her'o-in, not her'o-m nor he'ro-m. 
 heroism, her'o-izm, not he'ro-izm. 
 hesitate, hez'i-tut, not hes'i-tat. 
 hibernate, hi'ber-nat, not hi-ber'nat 
 hiccough, hik'up or hik'kof. 
 hideous, hid'e-us, not he'jus nor hij'us. 
 highwayman, hi'wa-man, not hi-wa'man. 
 hilarity, hMar'i-ti or hl-lar'i-ti. So hila'rious. 
 Hindoo, hin-doo' or hin'doo. 
 hippopotamus, hip-po-pot'a-mus, not liip-po-po- 
 
 ta'mus. 
 
 hirsute, her-sut', not her'sut. 
 history, his'to-ri, not his'tn. 
 hollyhock, hol'li-hock, not hol'li-hawk. 
 
 tp, arm, fare, ow-1, tli-en, th-iii, get, ch-op, b-er.
 
 12 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 'lolm, horn or holm. 
 
 holocaust, hol'o-kawst, not ho'lo-kawst. 
 
 homage, hom'aj, not om'aj. 
 
 homely, hom'li, not hum']!. 
 
 homestead, hom'sted, not hom'stid. 
 
 homoeopathy, ho-me-op'a-thi, not ho'me-o- 
 path-i. 
 
 homogeneous, ho-mo-je'ne-us, not hom'o-je- 
 ne-us. 
 
 honest, on'est, not on'ist 
 
 hoop, hoop or hoop. 
 
 horizon, ho-ri'zun, not hor'i-zn. 
 
 horrid, hor'id, not hawr'id. So hor'ri-ble. 
 
 horseradish, horse' rad-ish, not horse' red-ish. 
 
 horologe, hor'o-lqj or hor'o-loj. 
 
 hospitable, hos'pi-ta-bl, not hos-pit'a-bl. 
 
 hospital, hos'pi-tal, not os'pi-tal, nor haws' pi-tl. 
 
 hostage, hos'tilj, not haws' taj. 
 
 hostile, hos'tfl, not hos-til nor haws' tlL 
 
 hostler, os'ler or hos'ler, not haws'ler. In Eng-- 
 land os'ler only is approved. 
 
 hound, hownd, not hown. 
 
 house-wife, huz'wif or hows'wif. So house'- 
 wifery. 
 
 hovel, hov'el, not huv'el. 
 
 hover, huv'er, not hov'er. 
 
 humble, hum'bl or um'ble. The latter is pre- 
 ferred in England. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, iise, ooze, good, ami, find, 111, An,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 43 
 
 humor, yu'mur or hu'mur. So hu'morous, hu'- 
 
 morist. Smart says, humor (in the sense of moi*. 
 
 we or fluid of the animal body)^ umor (in other senses). 
 hundred, hun'dred, not hun'durd. 
 hungry, hung'gri, not hung'ger-i. 
 hurrah, hoor-ra', not hur-raw'. 
 hussar, hooz-zar', not huz-zar'. 
 hustle, hus'l, not hus'tl. 
 Huswife, huz'if or huz'wif. 
 huzza, lioo-za", not huz-a'. 
 hydatid, hl'da-tid or hid'a-tid. 
 hydropathy, hi-drop'a-thi, not hi'dro-path-i. So 
 
 hy-drop'a-thist. 
 hygiene, lii ji-en or hi'jen. 
 hymeneal, hi-me-ne'al, not hi-me'ne-al. 
 hymned, himd or hlm'ned. So hym'ning. 
 hyperbole, hi-per'bo-le, not hi'per-bol. 
 hypochondriac, hip-o-kon'dri-ak, not hi-po. 
 
 chon'dri-ak. 
 hypocrisy, hi-pok'ri-sl, not lu-pok'ri-si. So hy x 
 
 po-crit'i-caL 
 
 hypothenuse, hi-poth'e-niis, not hi-poth'e-nuz. 
 hypothetic, hi-po-thet'ik or hip-o-thet'ik. 
 hypothetical, hi-po-thet'ik-al, not hip-o-thet'ik-al 
 hyssop, his'up or hiz'up. 
 
 ttp, Mrin, tkrr, o\v-l. i.'.-t-n, 1h-fn, get, cllop t h-er.
 
 44 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 L 
 
 Idea, i-de'a, not i-de". 
 
 ideal, i-de'al, not i-del'. 
 
 idol, i'dol, not i'dl. 
 
 idyl, I'dil, not M'il. 
 
 ignominious, ig-no-min'T-us, not ig-no-min'yus. 
 
 ignoramus, ig-no-ra'mus, not ig-nora'mus. 
 
 illusive, il-lu'siv, not il-lu'ziv. 
 
 illustrate, il-lus'trat, not il'lus-trat. So il-lus'- 
 
 trat-ed, il-lus'tra-tive, il-lus'tra-tor. 
 imagery, im'aj-ri or im'a-jer-T. 
 imbecile, im-be-sel', im'be-sil, or im-bes'il. 
 imbrue, irn-broo', not im-bru'. 
 immediate, im-me'di-at, not im-me'jat. 
 immortality, im-mor-tal'i-ti, not im-mcr-tal'i-ti. 
 impartiality, im-par-shi-al'i-ti or im-par-shal'i-ti. 
 Impetus, im'pe-tus, not im-pe'tus. 
 impiously, im'pi-us-lT, not im-pi'us-li. 
 implacable, im-pla'ka-bl, not im-plak'a-bl. 
 importune, im-por-tun', not im-por'tun. 
 imposter, im-pos'ter, not im-paws'ter. 
 imposthume, ira-pos'tum or im-post'hum. 
 impotence, im'po-tence, not im-po'tence. So 
 
 im'po-tent. 
 
 imprimatur, im-pri-ma'tur, not im-pri-ma'tur. 
 improvise, im-pro-viz', not im'pro-viz. 
 inamorata, in-am-o-ra'ta, not in-am-o-ra't. 
 
 al<-, eat, Toe, old, use, ooze, good, ami, <"-ml. III, An,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 45 
 
 inaugurate, in-au'gu-rat, not in-au'gur-at 
 inchoate, ing'ko-at or in'ko-at. 
 inchoative, in-ko'a-tiv, not in-cho'a-tiv. 
 incisive, in-si'siv, not in-si'ziv. 
 incisor, in-si'sor or in-si'zor. 
 inclusive, in-klu'siv, not in-klu'ziv. 
 incommensurable, in-kom-men'shoo-ra-bl, not 
 
 in-kom-men'zhob-ra-bl. 
 incommensurate, in-kom-men'shoo-rat, not in- 
 
 koni-inen'zhoo-rat. 
 incomparable, in-kom'pa-ra-bl, not in-kom-par'- 
 
 a-bl. 
 inconvenience, in-kon-ven'yence or in-kon-ve'' 
 
 ni-ence. So in-con-ven'ient. 
 increase (noun), in'kres or in-kres'. 
 increment, in'kre-ment or ing'kre-ment. 
 incubate, in'ku-bat or ing'ku-bat. 
 incubus, in'ku-bus or ing'ku-bus. 
 indecorus, in-de-ko'rus or in-dek'o-rus. 
 Indian, ind'yan or in'di-ari, not in'jun. 
 indicative,* in-dik'a-tiv, not in'di-ka-tiv. 
 indicatory, in'dl-ka-to-ri, not in-dik'a-to-n. 
 indigenouE,. in-dij'e-nus, not in-dig'e-nus. 
 indisputable, in-dis'pu-ta-bl, not in-dis-pu'ta-bl. 
 individual, in-dl-vid'u-al, not in-di-vid'6o-al, 
 
 * When used in the general sense of showing or point- 
 ing out, Smart pronounces this word in'di-ca-tive, but in 
 its grammatical sense he pronounces it in-dic'a-tive. 
 
 ttp, arm, f ire, ow-1, t/<-en, t li-iii, gt ? ch-op, h-er.
 
 46 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 indocile, in-dos'Il, not in-do'sil. 
 industry, in'dus-tri, not in-dus'trl. 
 inertia, in-er'shi-a, not in-er'sha. 
 inexhaustible, in-eks-hawst'i-bl, commonly in- 
 
 eks-awst'f-bl. 
 
 inexplicable, in-eks'pli-ka-bl, not in-eks-plik'a-bL 
 infamously, in'fa-mus-li, not in-fa'mus-11. 
 infantile, in'fan-tll or in'fan-tll. 
 infantine, in'fan-tin or in'fan-tm. 
 inferrible, in-fer'ri-bl, not in-fer'ri-bL 
 infidel, in'fi-del, not in'fi-dl. 
 ingenious, in-jen'yus or in-je'm-us. 
 ingrate, in'grat or in-grat'. 
 ingratiate, in-gra'shi-at, not in-gra'shat. 
 ingredient, in-gre'dT-ent, not in-gre'jent. 
 inhospitable, in-hos'pl-ta-bl, not in-hos-pit'a-bL 
 inimical, in-im'i-kal; in-i-mi'kal is obsolescent. 
 initiate, in-i'shi'-at, not in-i'shat. 
 innate, in-nat' or in'nat. 
 innocent, in' no-sent, not in'no-sunt. 
 inquiry, in-kwl'ri, not in'k\vi-ri. 
 insatiate, in-sa'shi-at, not in-sa'shat. So in-sa' . 
 
 ti-a-ble. 
 
 insects, in'sekts, not in'seks. 
 insition, in-sish'un or in-sizh'un. 
 inspiratory, in-spir'a-to-ri or in'spT-ra-to-ri. 
 in statu quo, in sta'tu kwo, not in stat'db kwo. 
 Instead, in-sted', not in-stid'. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, 6s, doze, good, ftiid, nd, ill. dn,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 47 
 
 instinct (>*/.), in-stingkt', not in'stingkt 
 institute, in'sti-tut, not in'sti-tobt. So in-sti-tu'> 
 
 tion. 
 
 integer, in'te-jer, net in'te-gur. 
 integral, iu'te-gral, not in-te'gral. So in'te-granu 
 intellect, iu'tel-lekt, net in'tu-lekt. So in-tel- 
 
 lect'u-al. 
 
 intercalary, in-ter'kal-a-rT, net in-ter-kal'a-n. 
 interest, in'ter-est. not in'trest nor (*) in-ter- est'. 
 interested, in'ter-est-ed, not in-ter-est'ed. 
 interesting, in'ter-est-ing, not in-ter-est'ing. 
 interlocutor, in-ter-lok'u-tur, not in-ter-lo-ku'tur- 
 international, in-ter-nash'un-al, not in-ter-nai 
 
 shun-al. 
 
 internecine, in-ter-ne'sin, not in-ter-ne'stn. 
 interpolate, in-ter'po-lat, not in-ter-po'lat 
 interstice, in'ter-stis or in-ter' sti's. 
 intestine, in-tcs'tin, not in-tes'tln. 
 intrigue (noun amt verb), in-treg', not in'treg. 
 intrude, in-trood", not in-trud'. 
 intrusive, in-troo'siv, not in-troo'ziv. 
 inure, in-yoor', not in-6br'. 
 invalid (nown), in'va-lid or in-va-led'. 
 invasive, in-va'siv, not in-va'ziv. 
 inveigle, in-ve'gl, not in-va'gl. 
 inventory, in'ven-to-ri, not in-ven'to-n. 
 involucre, in-vo-lu'ker, not in'vo-lu-ker. 
 iodide, i'o-did or i'o-did. 
 
 u:>, Krtn, f ;in-, ovr-1, ///-en, th-tn, get, ehop, h-er.
 
 48 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 iodine, i'o-dln or i'o-din, not io-den. 
 
 irate, i-rat', not i'rat. 
 
 iron, I'urn, not frun. 
 
 irrational, ir-rash'un-al, not ir-ra'shun-al. 
 
 irrefragable, Tr-refra-ga-bl, not ir-re-fra'ga-bl. 
 
 irrefutable, ir-ref'u-ta-bl or ir-re-fu'ta-bl. 
 
 h reparable, ir-rep'a-ra-bl, not ir-re-pur'a-bl. 
 
 irrevocable, ir-rev'o-ka-bl, not ir-re-vo'ka-bl. 
 
 isochronal, i-sok'ro-nal, not I-so-kro'nal. 
 
 isolate, iz'o-lat or is'o-lat, not I'so-lat. So is-o- 
 
 la'tion. 
 
 isosceles, I-sos'se-lez, not I-sos'lez. 
 isothermal, I-so-therm'al, not is'o-therm-ai. 
 issue, isli'oo or ish'yoo. 
 isthmus, ist'mus or is'mus. 
 Italian, i-tal'yan, not i-tal'yan. 
 italic, i-tal'ik, not I-tal'ik. 
 Ivory, I'vo-ri, not Iv'ri. 
 
 J. 
 
 jackal, jak'awl, not jak'al. 
 
 jaguar, jag-u-ar', not jag-war' nor ja'gwar. 
 
 jalap, jal'ap, noijol'ap. 
 
 January, jan'u-a-n, not jen'u-a-ri. 
 
 jasmine, jaz'min orjas'min. 
 
 jaundice, jan'dis, not jawn'dls. 
 
 jaunt, jtint, noijawnt. 
 
 -1, eat, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, And, nd, ill, on.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 4ft 
 
 javelin, jav'lin, not jav'e-lin. 
 
 jejune, je-joon' or je-jun'. 
 
 jewsharp, jiiz'harp, not jus'harp. 
 
 jocose, jo-kos', not jok-6s' nor jo-k6*'. 
 
 jocund, jok'und, not jo'kuud. 
 
 joist, joist, not jlst. 
 
 /jonquille, jon'kwil or jung'kwil. 
 
 jostle, jos'l, no^jos'tl. So jost'ling. 
 
 joust, just, not joost nor jowst. 
 
 jovial, jo'vi-al, notjov'yal. 
 
 jowl, jol, not jowl. 
 
 jugular, ju'gu-lar, not jug'u-lar. 
 
 jujube, ju jub, not ju.'ju-be. 
 
 junior, jun'yur or ju'm-ur. 
 
 just, just, not jest 
 
 justificative, jus'ti-fi-ka-tiv or jus-tif'i-ka-tiv. 
 
 justificatory, jus'tif-i-ka-to-ri or jus-tif'i-ka-to-ri 
 
 juvenile, ju've-nil, not ju've-ml. 
 
 K. 
 
 keelson, kel'sun or kel'sun. 
 
 kept, kept, not kep. 
 
 kettle, ket'tl, not kit'tl. 
 
 khan (a Tartar chief), kawn or kan. 
 
 kiln, kil, not kiln. 
 
 kindness, kmd'nes, not kin'nes. 
 
 kitchen, kitch'en, not kitch'n nor kitch'ing. 
 
 uu. arm, fare, o\v-l, tli-en, tli-Iii, get, chop, h-er.
 
 50 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 L. 
 
 label, la'bel, not la'bl. 
 
 laboratory, lab'or-a-to-ri, not la-bor'a-to-ri. 
 laborer, la'bor-er, not la'brur. 
 lachrymose, lak'rl-mos or lak-ri-mos'. 
 lackadaisical, lak-a-da'zik-al, nut lak-a-da'sik-al. 
 -lamentable, lam'en-ta-bl, ncrtla-ment'a-bl. 
 landau, lau'daw or Ian-daw'. 
 landlord, landlord, not lan'lurd. 
 lang-syne, lang-sln', not lang-zm'. 
 language, lang'gwaj, not lan'gwaj. So lan'guid, 
 
 lan'guish. 
 
 languor, lang'gwur, not lan'gwur. 
 laniate, lii'm-at. or lan'i-at. 
 lapel, la-pel', not lap-el'. 
 larum, Itir'um, not liir'um. 
 laryngeal, lar-in-je'al or la-rin'je-al. 
 larynx, lar'inks, not lar'inks nor la'rinks. 
 latent, la' tent, not lat'ent. 
 
 lath (noun and verb), lath, not \&th] (noun pi.) laths, 
 
 lUthZj not laths. 
 lathe, lath, not lath. 
 Latin, lat'in, not lat'n. 
 
 laudanum, law'da-num or lod'a-num, not lod'num. 
 laugh, laf, not laf. 
 
 launch, lanch, not lanch nor lawnch. 
 laundry, liin'dri, not lawn'dn. So laun'dress. 
 
 ale, cat, ice, old, Use, ooze, good, and, end, ill, oil,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 51 
 
 laurel, law'rel or lor'el. 
 
 lava, Ifi'va or la'va. 
 
 leaped, lept or lept. 
 
 learned (//.), lern'ed, not lernd nor lun'ed. 
 
 leeward, le'ward or l(x>'urd. 
 
 legate, leg'at, not le'gat. 
 
 legend, loj'end or le'jend. 
 
 legendary, lej'en-da-rij not le'jen-da-ri. 
 
 legislative, lej'is-la-tiv, not lej-is-la'tiv nor le-jis'- 
 la-tlv. 
 
 legislature, lej'is-lat-vur, not lej-is-lat'yur nor le- 
 jis'la-tur. 
 
 legume, leg'um or le-gum'. 
 
 leisure, le'zhur, not lezh'ur nor la'zhur. 
 
 lenient, le'ni-ent, not len'i-ent 
 
 lenitive, len'i-tiv, not le'ni-tiv. 
 
 leper, lep'er, not le'per. 
 
 lessor, les'sor or les-sor'. 
 
 lethargic, le-thar jik, not leth'ar-jik. 
 
 lettuce, let'tis, not let'tobs nor let'tus. 
 
 levantine, le-van'tin or lev'an-tin. 
 
 levee, lev'e. In the United States, when used 
 in the sense of an assembly of visitors, it is usu- 
 ally pronounced le-ve'. 
 
 level, lev'el, not lev'l. 
 
 lever, Ifj'vcr or lev'er. 
 
 Ley den-jar, H'dn-jar or la'dn-jar. 
 
 libel, li'bel, not li'bl. 
 
 up, arm, f ire, o\v-l, t/i-en, th-in, et, cti-op, h-<r.
 
 $2 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 libertine, lib'er-tin, not lib'er-tm. 
 
 library, li'bra-ri, not li'brT. 
 
 licentiate, li-sen'shi-at, not li-sen'shat. 
 
 lichen, li'ken or lich'en. 
 
 licorice, lik'o-ris, not lik'er-ish. 
 
 lief, lef, not lev nor Hvz. 
 
 lien, lu'en or ll'en, not len. 
 
 lieutenant, lu-ten'ant or lev-ten' ant. 
 
 lilac, li'lak, not li'lok nor la'lok. 
 
 lineament (afeature\ lin'e-a-ment, not lin'e-menk 
 
 To be distinguished from lin'i-ment (an ointment). 
 liquor, lik'ur, not lik'wur. 
 listen, lis'n, not lis'tn. 
 literati, lit-er-a'ti, not lit-er-a'tl. 
 lithe, liY/j, not llth. So lithe'some. 
 lithography, lilh-og'ra-fi, not H-thog'ra-fi nor 
 
 lith'o-graf-T. So lith-og'ra-pher. 
 Uttle, lit'tl, node'tl. 
 livelong, ITv'long, not Hv'long. 
 livery, ITv'er-T, not Hv'er-i. 
 livre [Fr.], le'ver or li'ver. 
 llama, la'nia or lii'ma. 
 loath (adj.), loth, not loth nor lawth. 
 loathsome, I6<7i'sum, not loth'sum. 
 locust, lo'kust, not lo'kus.^ 
 long-lived, long'-llvd, not long'-livd. 
 lord, lord, not lawurd. 
 loyal, loi'al, not law'yal. 
 
 ale, oat, io. old, fise, ooze, good, :1ii<1. gntl, ill, 5n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 53 v 
 
 lucid, lu'sul, not 166'sid. 
 
 lucre, Ifi'kur, not loo'knr. 
 
 ludicrous, lu'dl-krus, not loo'dl-krus. 
 
 lure, lur, not loor. 
 
 lurid, lii'rid, not loo'rid. 
 
 lute, lut, not loot. 
 
 luxurious, lu<jz-ii'rl-us or luks-u'rl-us. Soluani' 
 
 riant, luxu'riate. 
 luxury, luks'u-rT, not lugz'u-rl. 
 lyceum, li-se'um, not li'se-um. 
 
 M. 
 
 Machiavelian, mak-I-a-vel'yan, not mach'I-a-vel- 
 
 yan. 
 
 machination, mak-I-na'slmn, not mach-I-na'shun. 
 Madeira, ina-de'rn.or ma-da'ra. 
 maelstrom, infil 'strum, not mal'strom. 
 magazine, mag-a-zen', not mag'a-zen. 
 magnesia, mag-ne'zlil-a or mag-ne'zha. 
 magnolia, inag-no'H-a, not inag-nol'ya. 
 maintain, inun-tan' or men-tan', 
 maintenance, man'ten-ance, not man-tan'ance. 
 malaria, ma-la'rl-a, not ma-lii'rl-a. 
 malefactor, mal-e-fakjtur or mal'e-fak-tur. 
 mamma, mam-ma', not mam'mii. 
 mammillary, tnam'mil-la-rT, not ma-mil 'la-rt. 
 mandarin, man-da-ren', not man'da-rln. 
 
 ftp, arm, f&re, otv-l,//i-eii, th-iii, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 54 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 manes (L.pi.\ ma'nez, not manz. 
 manganese, mang-ga-nez', not man'ga-nes. 
 manger, mun'jer, not man jer. 
 mangy, man ji, not man jT. 
 mania, ma'ni-a, not man'ya. 
 maniacal, ma-ni'a-kal, not ma'nl-ak-al. 
 manoeuvre, ma-nob'ver, not ma-nu'ver. 
 Mansard-roof, man'sard-roof, not man-sard'-rdoC 
 mantua-maker, man'tu-a-ma'ker or man'tu-ma'- 
 
 ker. 
 
 marasmus, ma-raz'mus, not ma-ras'mus. 
 marigold, mar'i-gold, not ma'ri-goold. 
 marital, mar'i-tal, not mar'i-tal. 
 maritime, mar'i-tim, not mar'i-tlm. 
 market, mar'ket, not mar'kit. 
 marvel, mar'vel, not mar'vl. 
 masculine, mas'ku-lin, not mas'ku-lln. 
 massacred, mas'sa-kerd, not mas'sa-kred. 
 massacring, mas'sa-kring, not mas'sa-ker-ing. 
 master, mas'ter, not mos'ter. 
 matin, mat'in, not nia'tin. 
 matrice (a womb), ma'tns; (awou/rf), mat'ris. 
 matrix, ma'triks, not mat'riks. 
 matron, ma'tron, not mat'ron. 
 matronal, ma'tron-al or mat'ron-al. 
 mattress, mat'tres, not ma'tras. 
 matutinal, rnat'u-tl-) ; al or mat-u-tl'nal, not na- 
 
 tu'ti-nal. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, fine, ooze, good, &nd, t'utl, HI, 611,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK, 55 
 
 mausoleum, maw-so-le'um, not maw-so'le-um. 
 
 measure, mezh'ur, not mazh'ur. 
 
 mechanist, mek'an-ist, not me-kan'ist. 
 
 medal, med'al, not med'l. 
 
 medicinal, me-dis'in-al, not med-e-si'nal. 
 
 mediaeval, me-dt-e'val, not med-i-e'val. 
 
 medicine, med'i-sin, not med'sun. 
 
 mediocre, me'di-o-ker, not me-di-o'ker. 
 
 medium, me'di-um, not me'jum. 
 
 meerschaum, mer'shawm or mer'showm, noi 
 
 mer'shum. 
 
 meliorate, mel'yo-rat or me'li-o-rat. 
 mello-w, mel'low, not mel'ler. 
 melodeon, rae-lo'de-on, not mel-o-de'on. 
 melodrama, mel-o-dra'ma, not mel-o-dra'ma. 
 memoir, mem'wor or mem'wor. 
 memory, mem'o-ri, not mem'n. 
 menagerie, men-azh'er-i or men-azh'er-i. 
 mensurable, men'shoo-ra-bl, not men'zhoo-ra-bl. 
 mensuration, men-shoo-ra'shun, not men-zhoo- 
 
 ra'shun. 
 mercantile, mer'kan-til or mer'kan-tll, not raer'- 
 
 kan-tel. 
 mesmerize, mez'mer-iz, not mes'mer-Iz. So me- 
 
 mer'ic, mes'mer-ism. 
 metal, met'al or met'l. 
 
 metamorphose, met-a-mor'fos, not met-a-mor'foz. 
 metonymy, me-ton'i-nri or met'o-nim-i. 
 
 iip. arm, f&re, o\v-I. t /<-en, th-ln, get, ch-op, h-r.
 
 56 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 metropolitan, met-ro-pol'i-tan, not me-tro-pol'i- 
 
 tan. 
 
 mezzotint, med'zo-tint or met'zo-tint. 
 miasma, mi-az'ma, not me-az'ma. 
 Michaelmas, mlk' el-mas, not mT'kel-mas. 
 microscope, rni'kro-skop, not mik'ro-skop. So 
 
 mi-cro-scop'ic, milcro-sco-pist. 
 midwifery, niid'vvTf-rT or mul' \vif-ri. 
 mineralogy, min-er-al'o-ji, not min-er-ol'o-ji. 
 miniature, min'T-tur or min'T-a-tur. 
 minotaur, inin'o-tawr, not mi'no-tawr. 
 minus, mi'nus, not nnn'us. 
 minute (cu)j-\ mi-nut' or mi-mit'. 
 minute (noun), min'it or min'ut. 
 miracle, mir'a-kl, not mer'a-kl. 
 miraculous, inT-rak'u-lus, not mi-rak'u-lus. 
 mirage, iiii-r;i/li', not nur'fy. 
 misanthrope, mis'an-throp, not miz'an-thro]> nor 
 
 mis-an'throp. 
 
 mischievous, mis'chlv-us, not mis-cliev'us. 
 misconstrue, mis-kon'stroo, not mis-kon-stroo'. 
 misery, miz'cr-i, not miz'ri. 
 misogynist, im-soj'i-nist, not rni-sog'i-nist. 
 mistletoe, miz'l-to, not mis'l-to. 
 mitten, mit'ten, not mit'n. 
 mobile, mo'bil or mob'il. 
 model, mod' el, not mod'l. 
 modest, mod'est, not mod'ist. 
 
 Hie, eat, ice, old, use, ooze, good, And, 6nd, ill, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 57 
 
 moiety, moi'e-ti or maw'e-ti. 
 moisten, rnois'u, not mois'tn. 
 molecular, mo-lek'u-lar, not mo'le-ku-lar. 
 molecule, mol'e-kul, not mol'kul nor mo'le-kul. 
 mollient, mol'yent or mol'li-ent. 
 momentary, mo'ment-a-ri, not mo-ment'a-ri. 
 monad, mon'ad, not mo'nad. 
 monetary, mun'e-ta-ri or mon'e-ta-n. 
 mongrel, mung'grel, not mon'greL 
 monogram, mon'o-grarn, not mo' no-gram, 
 monograph, mon'o-graf, not mo'no-graf. 
 monomania, mon-o-ma'ni-a, not mo-no-ma'tu-t. 
 
 So mon-o-ma'ni-ac. 
 monument, mon'u-ment, not mon'i-ment. 
 morale, mo-raT, not mo-ral'. 
 morphine, mor'fin, not mor'fen. 
 morsel, mor'sel, not rnor'sL 
 mortal, mor'tal, not mor'tL 
 Moslem, moz'lem, not raos'lem. 
 moss, 4 moss, not maws. So mosa'y. 
 moth, 4 moth, not moth. 
 moths, 4 moths, not moths. 
 
 mountain, mown'tin, not mown'ting nor mown'tn 
 mountainous, mown'tin-us, not mown-tan'i-us. 
 mouths (n. p/), mowthz, not mowths. 
 multiplicand, mul-tT-plT-kand,' not mul'tT-plt-kand 
 multiplication, mul-ti-pli-ka'shun, not mul-ti-pi- 
 
 ka'shun. 
 
 ftp, arm. 1kr+, o\v-l, t/i.i-n, th-ln, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 rnoxouxc/xa HAND 
 
 municipal, mu-nis'I-pal, nut mu'ni-sip-al. 
 murderer, mur'der-er, not nmr'drer. 
 -muscovado, mus-ko-vii'do, not mus-ko-va'do. 
 museum, mu-ze'um, not mu'ze-um. 
 mushroom, mush'room, not mush'roon. 
 mustache, mus-tash', not mus'tash nor mus-tash' 
 myrmidon, mur'mi-don, not mir'mi-don. 
 mythology, mi-thol'o-jT, not mi-thol'o-ji. 
 
 N. 
 
 naiad, na'yad or na'ad. 
 
 naive, nii'ev, not nav. 
 
 naively, na'ev-li or nav'li. 
 
 naivete, na'ev-ta, not nav'te. 
 
 naked, na'ked, not nek'ed. 
 
 nape, nap, not nap. 
 
 naphtha, nap'tha or naftha. 
 
 narrate, nar-rat' or nar'rat, not nar-rat'. 
 
 narrow, nar'ro, not nar'ro. 
 
 nasal, na'zal, not na'sal. 
 
 nascent, nas'sent, not na'sent. 
 
 national, nash'un-al, not na'shun-aL So na-tion- 
 
 al'i-ty. 
 
 nature, nat'yur, not na'tur. 
 
 nausea, naw'she-a, not naw'se-a. So nau se-ate. 
 nauseous, naw'shus, not naw'se-us. 
 nearest, ner'est, not ner'ist. 
 
 lie, et, Ice. old, CUe, ooze, good, ft ml, find, 111, 6n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 59 
 
 'neath, ncth, not neth. 
 
 necrology, ne-krol'o-ji, not nek-rol'o-ji. So ne- 
 
 crol o-gist. 
 nectarine, nek'ta-rin, not nek'ta-rln nor nek'ta- 
 
 ren. 
 
 ne er, tu'ir, not ner. 
 negotiate, ne-go'sli!-fit, not ne-go'shat. So ne- 
 
 go'ti-a-ble, ne-go-ti-a'tion. 
 negro, ne'gro, not nig'ro. 
 neighboring, na'bur-ing, not na'bring. 
 neither, ne'^Aer, or ni'ther. 
 nephe^w, nev'yoo or nef'yoT). 
 nepotism, nep'o-tizm, not ne'po-tizm. 
 nescience, nesh'i-ence or nesh'ence. 
 nestle, nes'l, not nes'tl. 
 nethermost, ne</t'er-m6st, not neth'er-most. 
 neuralgia, nu-ral ji-a, not nu-ral jT nor nu-ral'i-ji. 
 neuter, nu'ter, not noo'ter. 
 neutral, nu'tral, not noo'tral. 
 new, nn, not noo. 
 
 newspaper, nuz'pa-per, not noos'pa-per. 
 nicety, ni'si-tl, not nls'ti. 
 nickel, nik'el, not nik'l. 
 nicotine, nik'o-tm, not nik'o-ten. 
 nomad, nom'ad, not no'mad. 
 nomenclature, no'ruen-klat-yur or no-men- 
 
 yur. 
 nominative, nom'T-na-tiv, not nom'na-tiv. 
 
 .: ; >. arm, f Are, o-vr-1, t.'i-i'n, t li-ln, get, cli-op,
 
 60 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 none, nun, not non. 
 
 nook, nook or nook. 
 
 noose, nooz or mx)8. 
 
 nosology, no-sol' o-ji or no-zol'o-jt. 
 
 notable (remarkable), not'a-bl; (careful and bustling), not* 
 
 n-ll. 
 
 nothing, nxith'ing, not noth'ing. 
 novel, nov'el, not nov'l. 
 novitiate, no-vlsh'1-at, not no-vi'shat. 
 nuisance, nu'sance, not noo'sance. 
 numerous, nu'mer-ous, not noom'rus. 
 numismatics, nu-miz-mat'iks, not nu-mis-mat'iks. 
 nuncio, nun'shi-o, not nun'sho nor nun'sT-o. 
 nuncupative, nun-ku'pa-tiv or nun'ku-pa-tiv. So 
 
 nun-cu-pa-to-ry. 
 nuptial, nup'shal, not nup'chal. 
 nutriment, nu'tri-ment, not noo'tn-ment. So 
 
 nu-tri'tious, nu-tri'tion, nu'tri-tive. 
 \ 
 
 o. 
 
 oasis, o'a-sis or o-a'sis. 
 
 oath, 6th, not dth. 
 
 oaths, othz, not oths. 
 
 obdurate, ob'du-rat or ob-du'rat. So ob-du-ra' 
 
 cy. 
 obeisance, o-ba'sance or o-be'sance. So o-bei'- 
 
 sant. 
 
 ale, eat, ice, old, Use, doze, good, ftnd, find, HI, on.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 61 
 
 obese, o-bes', not o-bez'. 
 
 obesity, o-bes'i-tl, not o-be'si-tif. 
 
 obey, o-ba', not u-ba'. 
 
 objurgate, ob-jur'gat, not ob 'jur-gat. 
 
 obligatory, ob'H-ga-to-ri, not ob-lig'a-to-rf. 
 
 oblige, o-blij', not o-blej'. 
 
 oblique, ob-lek' or ob-Hk'. 
 
 obscenity, ob-sen'i-ti, not ob-sen'i-ti. 
 
 obsequies, ob'se-kwiz, not ob-se'kwiz. 
 
 obsolete, ob'solet, not ob-so-let'. 
 
 obtrude, ob-trood', not ob-trud'. 
 
 obtrusion, ob-troo'zhun, not ob-tru'zhuru 
 
 obtrusive, ob-troo'siv, not ob-troo'ziv. 
 
 occult, ok-kult', not ok'kult. 
 
 oceanic, o-she-an'ik, not o-shan'ik nor o-se-an'ik, 
 
 octavo, ok-ta'vo, not ok-ta'vo. 
 
 octogenary, ok-toj'e-na-ri or ok't-je-na-ri. 
 
 Odeon, o-de'on, not o'de-on. 
 
 odious, o'di-us, not o'jus. 
 
 Odyssey, od'is-se, not o-dis'L 
 
 off,* off, not awf 
 
 offal, 4 offal, not aw'fl. 
 
 offer, 4 offer, not aw'fer. 
 
 office, 4 of fis, not aw'fis. 
 
 officiate, of-fish'i-at, not of-fish'at. 
 
 officinal, of-fi-si'nal or of-fis'i-nal. 
 
 offspring, 4 of spring, not awf spring. 
 
 oft, 4 oft, not awft. 
 
 up, rin, fire, ow-1, f /J-en, tli-in, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 62 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 often,* of'n, not often nor awf'tn. 
 
 ogle, o'gl, not og'L 
 
 old, old, not 61. 
 
 olden, Old'n, not old' en. 
 
 olefiant, o'le-fi-ant or o-lef 'i-ant. 
 
 olibanum, o-lib'a-num or ol-i-ba'numa 
 
 olio, o'li-o or ol'yo. 
 
 omega, o-me'ga or o-meg'a. 
 
 omelet, oin'e-let or om'let. 
 
 ominous, om'in-us, not o'min-us. 
 
 omniscient, om-nish'i-ent or om-nish'ent. So 
 
 om-nis cience. 
 once, wuns, not wunst. 
 onerous, on'er-us, not o'nfer-us. 
 only, on'li, not un'li. 
 onyx, 6'niks, not on'iks. 
 ophthalmic, op-thal'rriik or of-thal'mik. 
 opinion, o-pin'yun, not u-pin'yun. 
 opodeldoc, op-o-del'dok or o-po-del'dok, ncA 
 
 o-po-dil'dok. 
 
 opponent, op-po'nent, not op'po-nent. 
 opportunity, op-por-tu'm-ti, not op-por-too'm-ti 
 or, or, not ur. 
 orange, or'enj, not ornj. 
 orang-outang, o-rang'-6o-tang', not o'rang-ow'- 
 
 tang. 
 
 orchestra, or'kes-tra or or-kes'tra. 
 orchestral, or'kes-tral, not or-kes'tral. 
 
 al, eat, Ice, old, Cse, ooze, good, and, find, III, On,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 63 
 
 ordeal, or'de-al, not or-de'al. 
 
 ordinary, or'di-na-ri, not ord'na-ri 
 
 orgies, or'jiz, not or'jez. 
 
 Orion, o-ri'un, not o'rT-un. 
 
 orison, or'i-zun, not or'i-sun. 
 
 ornate, or'nat, not or-nat'. 
 
 orotund, o'ro-tund, not or'o-tund. 
 
 Orphean, or-fe'an or or'fe-an. 
 
 orthoepy, or'tho-e-pt, not or-tho'e-pT. So or'- 
 
 tho-e-pists. 
 
 ostentatious, os-ten-ta'shus, not aws-ten-ta'shus 
 ostrich, os'trich, not os'trij nor aws'trich. 
 ought, awt, not ort. 
 oust, owst, not oost. 
 overseer, o-ver-ser', not o'ver-ser. 
 overt, o'vert, not o-vert'. 
 overthrew, o-ver-throo', not o-ver-thru'. 
 oyer, o'yer, not oi'er. 
 oxide, oks'Id, not oks'id. 
 
 P. 
 
 pacification, pa-sif-T-ka'shun or pas-T-fi-ka'shun. 
 pacificator, pa-sif-T-ka'tur or pas-i-fi-ka'tur. 
 pageant, paj'ent or pa'jent. So pag'eant-ry. 
 palace, pal'as or pal'as. 
 palaver, pa-la' ver, not pa-lav'er. 
 Palestine, pal'es-tin, not pal'es-tln. 
 
 ftp, arm, f Are, ow-1, tli-t-n, < h-ln, et ch-op, li-or.
 
 64 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 palfrey, pawl'M or pal'fri. 
 
 palliative, pal'li-a-tiv, not pal'a-tiv. 
 
 palm, piim, not pam. 
 
 palmy, pam'i, not pam'i nor pal'im. 
 
 palsied, pawl'zid, not pal'zid. 
 
 paltry, pawl'tri, not pal'tri. 
 
 Pandoor, pan'door or pan-door'. 
 
 panegyric, pan-e-jir'ik or pan-e-jer'ik. 
 
 pannier, pan'yer or pan'ni-er. 
 
 panorama, pan-o-ra'ma or pan-o-ra'ma. 
 
 pantaloons, pan-ta-loonz', not pan'ta-lobnz. 
 
 Pantheon, pan-the'on or pan'the-on. 
 
 pantomime, pan'to-mim, not pan'co-min. 
 
 papa, pa-pa', not pa' pa. 
 
 parachute, par'a-shobt or par-a-shoot'. 
 
 paraffine, par'a-fin or par'af-fin, not par'af-fen- 
 
 parallelepiped, par-al-lel-o-pi'ped, ' not par-al-l* 
 
 o-pip'ed. 
 
 parcel, par'sel, not par'sl. 
 paregoric, par-e-gor'ik, not par-e-gawr'ik. 
 parent, par'ent, not pa' rent nor par'ent. So par 
 
 ent-age. 
 
 parhelion, par-he'li-un or par-hel'yun. 
 Pariah, par'i-ah or pa'ri-ah. 
 Parisian, pa-riz'yan or pa-rizh'i-an. 
 Parmesan, par-me-zan', not par-me'san. 
 parquet, par-ka' or par-kef. 
 partiality, par-shT-al'i-tT, not par-shal'i-ti. 
 
 ~\lf. eat. Ice, old, flae, doze, good, ftncl, nd, 111, On,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 65 
 
 participle, par'tl-sip-l, not part'sip-1. 
 
 partisan, par'ti-zan, not par-tl-zan'. 
 
 partner, part'ner, not pard'ner. 
 
 partridge, par'trij, not pat'rij. 
 
 pastime, 1 pas'tim, not pas'tim. 
 
 patent, pat'ent or pa'tent. 
 
 path, path, not path nor path ; (pi.) p&thz, not paths 
 nor paths. 
 
 pathos, pa'thos, not path'os. 
 
 patois, pat'waw, not pat'woi. 
 
 patrimony, pat'ri-mo-ni, not pa'tri-mo-m. 
 
 patriot, pa'tri-ot, not pat'ri-ot. So pa-tri-ot'ic. 
 
 patriotism, pa'tri-ot-izm, not pat'ri-ot-izni. 
 
 patron, pa'tron, not pat'ron. 
 
 patronize, pat'ron-iz or pa'tron-Iz, So patron- 
 age, patron-aL 
 
 paunch, panch or pawnch. 
 
 peculiar, pe-kul'yar or pe-ku'li-ar. 
 
 peculiarity, pe-kul-i-ar'i-ti or pe-kul-yar'i-ti. 
 
 pecuniary, pe-kun'ya-rT or pe-ku'm-a-ri. 
 
 pedagogism, ped'a-gog-izm, not ped'a-go-jizm. 
 
 pedagogy, ped'a-go-ji or ped'a-goj-i. 
 
 pedal (orij.\ pe'dal, not ped'al. 
 
 pedal (noun), ped'al, not pe'dal. 
 
 pedestal, ped'es-tal, not pe-des'tal. 
 
 pellucid, pel-lu'sid, not pel-loo' sid. 
 
 penance, pen'ance, not pe'nance. 
 
 pencil, pen'sil, not pens'l. 
 
 up, iinn, f in-, <nv-l, f/t-en, tli-iii, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 66 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 penitentiary, pen-e-ten'ska-ri, not pen-e-ten'shi- 
 
 a-ri. 
 
 penult, pe'nult or pe-nult'. 
 peradventure, per-ad-vent'yur, not pur-ad-vent'' 
 
 yur. 
 
 peremptory, per'em-to-ri, not pe-rem'to-ri. 
 perfect (terft), per'fekt or per-f'ekt'. 
 perfume (noun), per'fum or per-fdm'. 
 perfume (rer&), per-fum', not per'fum. 
 perfunctory, per-funk'to-ri or per'funk-to-ri. 
 perhaps, per-haps', not praps nor pre-haps'. 
 periodic, pe-ri-od'ik, not per-i-od'ik. 
 periphrasis, pe-rif'ra-sis, not per-i-fra'sis. 
 permit (noun), per'mit or per-mit'. 
 Persian, per'shan, not per'zhan. 
 persuasive, per-swa'siv, not per-swa'zir. 
 peruke, per'ook, not pe-rook'. 
 peruse, pe-robz', not pe-ruz'. 
 pestle, pes'l or pes'tl. 
 petal, pet'al or pe'tal. 
 petrel, pet'rel, not pe'trel. 
 pewit, pe'wit, not pu'it. 
 phaeton, fa'e-ton, not fe'ton. 
 phalanx, fa'lanks or fal'anks. 
 pharmaceutic, far-ma-su'tik, not far-ma-ku'tik 
 
 So phar-ma-ceu'tist. 
 pharmacopoeia, far-ma-ko-pe'ya, not far-ma-ko'- 
 
 ne-a. 
 
 4W c:^t g iico, old. use, doze, gdod, Slid, ond, 111, on.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 67 
 
 philanthropy, fi-lan'thro-pl, not fi-lan'thro-pi. 
 
 So phi-lan'thro-pist, phil-an-throp'io. 
 Philistine, fi-lis'tin, not fil'is-tin. 
 philology, f i-lol o-ji, not fi-lol'o-ji. So phi-lol'o- 
 
 gist, 
 philosophy, fl-los'o-fi, not fl-los'o-fi. So phi- 
 
 los'o-pher. 
 
 phonics, fon'iks, not fo'niks. 
 phosphorus, fos'fo-rus, not fos-fo'rus. 
 photographist, fo-tog'ra-fist, not fo'to-graf-ist 
 
 So pho-tog'ra-pher. 
 
 phrenologic, fren-o-loj'ik, not fre-no-loj'ik. 
 phthisis, thi'sis or ti'sis. 
 
 physiognomy, fiz-i-og'no-mi, not fiz-T-on'o-mi. 
 pianist, pl-ii'nist, not pl-an'ist nor pe-an'ist nor 
 
 pe'an-ist. 
 
 piano, pl-a'no or pe-an'o. 
 piano-forte, pi-a'no-for'te. The pronunciation 
 
 pi-an'o-fort, so often heard, is not sanctioned 
 
 by the orthoepists. 
 piazza, pl-az'za, not pl-az'za. 
 pibroch, pe'brok or pl'brok. 
 pigeon, pij'un, not pij'in. 
 pilaster, pi-las'ter, not pil'as-ter. 
 pincers, pin'serz, not pin'cherz unless spelled pin- 
 pinchbeck, pinch'bek, not pinch'bak. [chers. 
 piony, pi'o-nl, not pi'nl ; but pe'o-ny is a better 
 
 spelling and pronunciation. 
 
 ttp, arm, f &M, ow-I, t /i-en, th-tn, Bt, ch-op, h-er.
 
 8 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 piquant, pik'ant or pe'kant. 
 
 pismire, piz'mir or pis'mir. 
 
 pith, pith, not peth. 
 
 placable, pla'ka-bl, not plak'a-bl. 
 
 placard (noun and verb\ pla-kard', not plak'ard. 
 
 plagiarism, pla'ji-a-rizm or pla'ja-rizm. So pla- 
 
 giary. 
 
 plague, plug, not pleg. 
 plaintiff, pltin'tif, not plan'tif. 
 plait, plat, not plet 
 plateau, pla-to', not plat-o'. 
 platina, plat'i-na or pla-te'na. 
 platinum, platl-num or pla-tfnum. 
 plebeian, ple-be'yan, not ple'be-an. 
 Pleiades, ple'ya-dez, not pli'a-dez. 
 plenary, ple'na-ri or plen'a-ri. 
 plenipotentiary, plen-i-po-ten'shi-a-n or plen I- 
 
 po-ten'sha-ri. 
 
 plenitude, plen'i-tud, not plen'i-tood. 
 plethora, pleth'o-ra, not ple-tho'ra. 
 plethoric, ple-thor'ik or pleth'o-rik. 
 poignant, poin'ant, not poin'yant So poign'- 
 
 an-cy. 
 
 poison, poi'zn. not pf zn. 
 police, po-les', no^ples. 
 polonaise, po-lo-nax', not pol-o-naz' 
 polype, pol'ip or pol'i-pe. 
 pomade, po-mad', not po-mad'. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice, old, Cse, uoze, gubd, and, C-iicl, III, fin,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 69 
 
 poniard, pon'yard, not poin'yard. 
 
 porcelain, por'se-lan or pors'lin, not pors'lin. 
 
 porch, porch, not pawrch. 
 
 portent, por-tent', not por'tent. 
 
 port-folio, port-fo'li-o or port fol'yo. 
 
 portrait, por'trat, not por'trat. So por'trait-ura 
 
 position, po-zish'un, not pu-zish'un. 
 
 possess, poz-zes', not pos-ses'. So pos-ses'sive, 
 
 pos-ses'sion, &c. 
 
 posterior, pos-te'ri-ur, not pos-te ri-ur. 
 posthumous, post'hu-mus, not post'hu-mus. 
 potable, po'ta-bl, not pot'a-bl. 
 potato, po-ta'to, not pu-ta'to. 
 potentate, po' ten-tat, not pot'en-tat. 
 potentiality, po-ten-slri-al'i-ti, not po-ten-shal'I-ti. 
 prairie, prfi'n, not , per-a'n. 
 prebend, preb'end, not pre'bend. 
 precedence, pre-scd'ence, not pres'-e-dence. 
 precedent (orf/.), pre-sed'ent, not pres'e-dent; 
 
 (noun), pres'e-dent, not pre-se'dent. 
 precept, pre'sept, not pres'ept. 
 preceptory, pre-sep'to-rT or pres'ep-to-rT. 
 precise, pre-sis', not pre-siz'. So pre-cise'ly. 
 predatory, pred'a-to-rt, not pre'da-to-ri. 
 predecessor, pred-e-ses'sur, not pre'de-ses-sur 
 
 nor pred'e-ses-sur. 
 predilection, pre-di-lek'shun, not pred-i-lek'shun 
 
 nor pre-dl-lik'shun. 
 
 ftp, arm, f&re, ow-1, t /t-en, t li-in, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 70 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 preface (noun, and verb), preface, not pre'face. 
 prefect, pre'fekt, not pref'ekt. 
 preferment, pre-fer'ment, not pref 'er-ment. 
 prehensile, pre-hen'sfl, not pre-hen'su. 
 prelacy, prel'a-sT, not pre'la-si. 
 prelate, prel'at, not pre'lat. 
 prelude (noun), prel'ud or pre'lud. 
 premier, pre'mi-er or prem'yer. 
 preposterous, pre-pos'ter-us, not pre-pos'trug. 
 presage (noun), pres'aj or pre'saj. 
 Presbyterian, prez-bi-te'ri-an, not pres-bT-te'ri-an. 
 presbytery, prez'bi-ter-i, not pres-bit'er-i. 
 prescience, pre'shi-ence, not pre'shence nol 
 
 presh'ence. So pre'sci-ent. 
 presentation, prez-en-ta'shun, not pre-zen-ta'^ 
 
 shun. 
 presentiment, pre-sen'tl-ment, not pre-zen'ti' 
 
 nient nor pre-zent'ment 
 president, prez'i-dent, not prez'I-dunt. 
 prestige, pres'tezh or pres'tij. 
 presumptuous, pre-zumt'u-us, not pre-zum'ehus. 
 pretence, pre-tence', not pre'tence. 
 preterit, pret'er-it or pre'ter-it. 
 pretext, pre-tekst' or pre'tekst. 
 pretty, prit'T, not pret'i nor poot'T. So pret'ti-ly. 
 preventive, pre-ven'tiv, not pre-ven'ta-tiv. 
 primary, pri'ma-ri, not pri'mer-i. 
 prism, prixm, not priz'um. 
 
 ale, eat, Ice old, use, ooze, good, And, nd, HI, 611.
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 71 
 
 pristine, pris'tin, not pris'tm. 
 
 prithee, pri^'e, not prith'e. 
 
 privacy, pri'va-sT, not priv'a-si. 
 
 privily, piiv'i-li, not pri'vi-li. 
 
 probity, prob'i-ti, not pro'bi-tl. 
 
 proceeds, pro'sedz or pros'edz. 
 
 process, pros'es, not pro'ses. 
 
 procuress, pro-kur'es, not prok'u-res. 
 
 prodigy, prod'i-jT, not proj'i-di. 
 
 produce, prod'uce, not pro'duce. 
 
 product, prod'ukt, not pro'dukt. 
 
 profile, pro'fel or pro'fil. 
 
 profuse, pro-fus', not pro-fuz'. 
 
 progress (noun), prog' res, not pro'gres; (*), pro- 
 
 gres', not prog' res. 
 
 prohibition, pro-hi-bish'un, not pro-I-bish'un. 
 prohibitory, pro-hib'i-to-ri, not pro-hib'i-ta-ri. 
 project (noun), proj'ekt, not pro'jekt. 
 projectile, pro-jek'til, not pro-jek'til. 
 prolix, pro-liks', not pro'liks. 
 prolocutor, prol'o-ku-tnr or pro-lok'u-tur. 
 prologue, prol'og or pro'log. 
 promenade, prom-e-nad' or prom-e-nad'. 
 promissory, prom'is-so-n, not pro-mis'so-n. 
 promulgate, pro-mul'gat, not prom'ul -gat. 
 promulgation, prom-ul-ga'shun or pro-mul-ga'- 
 
 slmn. 
 promulgator, prom'ul-ga-tur or pro'mul-ga-tur. 
 
 ttp, arm, fin>, o\v-l, t/i-en, I h-iii , pet. eh-op, h-er.
 
 72 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 pronunciation, pro-nun-si-a'shun or pro-nun- 
 
 shi-a'shun. 
 
 prophecy, prof'e-sT, not profe-si. 
 prophesy (t-eri), prof'e-si, not prof'e-si. 
 propitiate, pro-pish'i-at, not pro-pish'at. 
 prosaic, pro-za'ik, not pro-sa'ik. 
 prosody, pros'o-di, not proz'o-dT. 
 prosperous, pros'per-us, not pros' prus. 
 Protean, pro'te-an or pro-te'an. 
 protege, pro-ta-zha', not prot'a-zha. 
 protest, pro' test or prot'est. 
 prothonotary, pro-thon'o-ta-ri, not pro-tho-no'- 
 
 ta-n. 
 
 protrude, pro-trood', not pro-trud'. 
 protrusive, pro-troo'siv, not pro-troo'ziv. 
 provocative, pro-vo'ka-tiv or pro-vok'a-tiy. 
 provoke, prp-vok', not pur-vok'. 
 provost, prov'ust or pro-vo'. 
 prowess, prow'es, not pro'es. 
 prude, pnx>d, not prud. 
 prudence, proo'dence, not pru'dence. 
 prune, proon, not prun. 
 Prussian, prnsh'an or proo'shan. 
 prussic, prus'ik or proos'ik. 
 psalmist, sam'ist or sal'mist, 
 psalmody, sal'mo-dT, not sam'o-di. 
 Psalms, silmz, not samz. 
 psalter, sawl'ter or sal'ter. 
 
 ale. eat. Ice, old, use, ooze, cot>tl, ftntl, find. Til, 5n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. n 
 
 puerile, pu'er-H, not pu'er-il. 
 
 puissance, pu'is-sance, or pu-is'sance. 
 
 puissant, pu'is-sant or pu-is'sant. 
 
 pumice, pu'mis or pum'is. 
 
 pumpkin, pump'kin, but commonly pronounced 
 
 punk'in. 
 
 purport (noun and verb), pur' port, not pur-port'. 
 purulent, pu'rob-lent, not pur'yoo-lent. 
 Puseyism, pu'zi-izm, not pu'si-izm. 
 pustule, pust'yool or pus'tul, not pus'l. 
 
 put (to place), poot, not put. 
 
 pygmean, pig-me'an, not pig'me-an. 
 pyramidal, pi-ram'i-dal, not pir'a-mid-al. 
 pyrites^ pi-ri'tez, not plr'i-tez. 
 Pythagorean, pi-thag-o-re'an or pith-a-go're-an. 
 Pythoness, pith'o-nes, not pl-tho'nes. 
 
 Q. 
 
 quadrille, ka-dril' or kwa-dril', not kwod-ril'. 
 quadrupedal, kwad-roo'pe-dal or kwad-roo-pe'- 
 
 dal. 
 
 quaggy, kwag'gT, not kwog'gi. 
 quagmire, kwag'mir, not kwog'mir. 
 quality, kwol'i-ti, not kwol'u-ti. 
 qualm, kwiim or kwawm. 
 quandary, kwon'da-ri or kwon-da'ri. 
 quantity, kwon'ti-ti, not kwon'tu-tif. 
 
 fip, arm, f &re, ow-I, f/i-en, tli-lii, got, ch-op, h-r.
 
 74 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 quarantine (mown), kwor'an-ten; (*), kwor-j 
 
 ten'. 
 
 quarrel, kwor'el, not kwor'l. 
 quassia, kwosb'i-a or kwash'i-a, not kwosh'i. 
 quinine, kwi-mn' or kwin'm or kwfnin. 
 quoin, kwoin or koin. 
 quoit, kwoit, not kwat 
 quoth, kwoth or kwuth. 
 
 B. 
 
 rabbi, rab'bl or rab'bT. 
 
 radish, rad'ish, not red'ish. 
 
 raillery, ral'er-T, not ral'er-i. 
 
 rapine, rap'in, not ra'pen. 
 
 raspberry, raz'ber-ri or ras'ber-ri, not rawz'ber- 
 
 ri. 
 
 rather, rath'er or rii^'er, not mth'er. 
 ratio, ni'shi-o or ra'sho, not ra'sho. 
 ration, ra'shun, not rash'un. 
 rational, rash'un-al, not ra'shun-al. So ra-tion- 
 
 al'i-ty, ra'tion-al-ist 
 rationale, rash-i-o-na'le or ra-sln-o-na'le. 
 realization, re-al-I-za'shun, not re-al-Tz-a'shun. 
 rebel, reb'el, not reb'l. 
 
 receptivity, res-ep-tiv'i-t!, not re-sep-tiv'i-tl. 
 recess, re-ses', not re'ses. 
 Rechabite, re'kab-it, not rek'ab-It. 
 
 iJe, eat, Ice, old, use, ooze, gdod, &iid, nd, ill, fin,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 75 
 
 reciprocity, res'i-pros'i-tT, not re-si-pros'i-ti. 
 recitative, res-i-ta-tev', not re-sit' a-tiv. 
 reclamation, rek-la-ma'shun, not re-kla-ma'shun. 
 recluse, re-klus', not re-kluz'. 
 recognizable, rek'og-nlz-a-bl or re-kog'm-za-bl. 
 recognizance, re-kog'ni-zance or re-kon'i-zance. 
 recognize, rek'og-niz, not rek'o-niz nor re-kog'- 
 
 nlz. 
 
 recollect (to call to mind), rek-ol-lekt', not re-kol-lekt'. 
 recondite, rek'on-dit or re-kon'dit. 
 reconnoissance, re-kon'nis-sance, not re-kon- 
 
 nois'sance. 
 
 reconnoitre, rek-on-noi'ter, not re-kon-noi'ter. 
 recourse, re-korce', not re'korce. 
 recovery, re-kuv'er-i, not re-kuv'ri. 
 recreant, rek' re-ant, not re'kre-ant. 
 recreate (to givefresk life to), rek're-at, not re'kre-at. 
 
 So rec-re-a'tion. 
 recruit, re-kroot', not re-krut'. 
 rectitude, rek'ti-tiid, not rek'ti-tdod. 
 recusant, re-ku'zant or rek'u-zant. So recu- ( 
 
 sancy. 
 
 referable, ref er-a-bl, not re-fer'a-bl. 
 reflex (adj.), re'fleks, not re-fleks'. 
 refuse, ref'yoos, not ref'yooz. 
 refutable, re-fut'a-bl, not ref'u-ta-bl. 
 regicide, rej'i-sld, not re'jT-sid. 
 regress (nown), re'gres; (verb), re-gres'. 
 
 up, rni, f&re, ow-1. //-!!, tii-iii, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 7 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 regular, reg'u-ler, not reg'ler. 
 
 relaxation, re-laks-a'shun or rel-aks-a'shun. 
 
 remediless, rem'e-di-les or re-med'Mes. 
 
 rendezvous, ren'de-voo or reu'de-vooz. 
 
 renew, re-nu', not re-noo'. 
 
 renunciation, re-nun-si-a'shun or re-nun-shl-a'- 
 
 shun. 
 
 reparable, rep'a-ra-bl, not re-par' a-bl. 
 repartee, rep-ar-te', not rep'ar-te. 
 reprimand (vert), rep'rl-mand or rep-ri-mand' ; 
 
 (noun), rep'ri-mand, not rep-ri-mand'. 
 reptile, rep'tll, not rep' til. 
 reputable, rep'u-ta-bl, not re-put'a-bl. 
 requiem, re'kwi-em or rek'wl-em. 
 research, re-serch', not re'serch. 
 reservoir, rez-er-vwor', but commonly pronounced 
 
 rez'er-vwor. 
 
 residue, rez'i-du, not rez'i-dob. 
 resignation, rez-ig-na'shun, not res-ig-na'shun. 
 resin, rez'in, not rez'n. 
 resonance, rez'o-nance, not res'o-nance. 
 resource, re-sorce', not re'sorce. 
 respirable, re-spir'a-bl, not res'pT-ra-bl. 
 respite (noun and verb), res'plt, not res'pit. 
 respited, res'pit-ed, not re-spit'ed. 
 restorative, re-stor'a-tiv, not res-tor' a-tiv. 
 retail (*), re-tal', not re'tal; (noun), re'tal, not 
 
 re-tal'. 
 
 Rle, eat. Ice, old, fise, obae, good, &nd, tod, HI, oi>,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 77 
 
 retailer, re-tal'er or re'tal-er. 
 
 retardation, re-tar-da'shun, or ret-ar-da'shun. 
 
 retch, rech or rech. 
 
 retributive, re-trib'u-tiv, not ret'ri-bu-tiv nor ret- 
 
 ri-bu'tiv. 
 retroact, re-tro-akt' or ret-ro-akt'. So retro- 
 
 ac'tive, &c. 
 retrocede, re'tro-sed or ret'ro-sed. So retro- 
 
 cea'sion. 
 retrograde, re'tro-grad or ret'ro-grad. So retro- 
 
 gres'sion. 
 retrospect, re'tro-spekt or ret'ro-spekt. So re- 
 
 trospec'tion, &c. 
 retrovert, re'tro-vert or ret'ro-vert. So retro- 
 
 ver'sion. 
 
 reveille, rc-val'ya or re-val'. 
 revelry, rev'el-ri, not rev'l-ri. 
 revenue, rev'e-nu ; re-ven'yoo is obsolete. 
 reverie, rev-er-e' or rev'er-e. 
 revery, rev'er-i, not rev-er-e'. 
 revocable, rev'o-ka-bl, not re-vo'ka-bl. 
 revolt, re-volt' or re-volt'. So revolting. 
 Reynard, ra'nard or ren'ard. 
 rhomb, romb, not rom. 
 rhubarb, roo'barb, not rob'bub. 
 rhythm, nthm or rithm. 
 rhythmic, rith'mik or ri$'mik. 
 rhythmical, rith'mi-kal or ri^A'mi-kal. 
 
 iip, arm, fire, ow-1, </i-en, th-In, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 78 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 ribald, rib'ald, not ri'bald nor rib'awld. 80 rib'- 
 
 ald-ry. 
 
 rid, rid, not red. 
 ridicule, rid'i-kul, not red'i-kiil. 
 ridiculous, ri-dik'u-lus, not ri-dik'lus. 
 rind, rind, not rln. 
 rinse, rinse, not rense. 
 rise (noun), rls or riz. 
 risk, risk, not resk. 
 robust, robust', not ro'bust. 
 roil, roil, not rll. 
 
 romance, ro-mance', not ro'raance. 
 roof, roof, not roof nor ruf. 
 rook, rook, not rook. So rook'er-y. 
 room, room, not room. 
 roost, roost, not roost. 
 root, root, not root. 
 roseate, ro'ze-at, not ro'zhe-at. 
 route, root or rowt 
 routine, rob-ten', not roo'ten. 
 ruby, rob'bT, not ru'bi. 
 rude, rood, not rud. 
 rudiment, rob'dt-ment, not ru'di-menl 
 rue, roo, not ru. 
 
 ruffian, ruf yan or ruf'I-an, not ruf in. 
 ruin, roo'in, not ru'in. So ru'in-ous. 
 rule, rool, not rul. 
 rumor, rob'mur, not rii'mur. 
 
 ale, eat, Ic, oll, ilse, ooze, gdod, and, end. III, &n,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 79 
 
 rural, roo'ral, not ru'ral. 
 Russian, rush'an or rdo'shan. 
 ruthless, rooth'les, not ruth'leg. 
 
 s. 
 
 saccharine, sak'a-rtn or sak'a-rm. 
 sacerdotal, sas-er-do'tal, not sa-ser-do'tal. 
 sacrament, sak'ra-ment, not sa'kra-ment. 
 sacrifice (noun), sak'ri-fiz or sak'ri-fls, not sa'kri- 
 
 ffz. 
 
 sacrifice (r-6), sak'rT-ffz, not sa'kri-flz. 
 sacrilege, sak'ri-lej, not sa'kri-lij. 
 sacrilegious, sak-ri-le'jus, not sak-n-lij'us. 
 sacristan, sak'ris-tan, not sa-kris'tan. So sae'- 
 
 ris-ty. 
 
 saffron, safrun ; saf'urn is obsolete. 
 sagacious, sa-ga'shus, not sa-gash'us. 
 said, sed, not sad. 
 salary, sal'a-rl, not sal'ri. 
 Salic, sal'ik, not sa'lik. 
 salient, sa'lT-ent, not sal'i-ent. 
 saline, sa-lin' or sa'lln, not sa'len. 
 saliva, sa-li'va, not sal'i-va. 
 salmon, sam'un, not sam'un. 
 salute, sa-liit', not sa-lobt'. 
 salve, sav, not sav. 
 salver (apiate) y sal'ver, not sa'ver. 
 
 tip, arm, f Are, nw-1, f/tn, th-ln, get, cli-op, h-er-
 
 80 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 Samaritan, sa-miir'i-tan, not sa-ma'ri-tan. 
 
 samphire, sara'fur or sam'fir. 
 
 sandwich, sand'wich or sand'wij. 
 
 sanguine, sang'gwin, not san'gwin. So san'- 
 guin-a-ry, san-guin'e-ous. 
 
 sapience, sa'pi-ence, not sap'i-ence. So sa'pi-ent 
 
 sapphire, saf'far or saf fir. 
 
 sarcenet, sars'net, not sar'se-net. 
 
 sardine (a^?sA) ; sar'den or sar'din. 
 
 sardonyx, sar'do-niks, not sar-do'niks. 
 
 sarsaparilla, sar-sa-pa-ril'la, not sas-a-pa-ril'l. 
 
 sat, sat, not sot. 
 
 satiate, sa'shi-at, not sa'shat 
 
 satin, sat'in, not sat'n. 
 
 satire, sat'ir or sat'er. In England sat'er is pre- 
 ferred, in the United States sat'ir. 
 
 satrap, sa'trap or sat'rap. 
 
 saturnine, sat'ur-nm, not sa'tur-nm nor sat'ur-nln. 
 
 satyr, sa'ter or sat'er. 
 
 saucy, saw'si, not sas'i nor sa'si. 
 
 saunter, san'ter or sawn'ter. 
 
 sausage, saw'sej, not sas'ej. 
 
 scabious, ska'bi-us, not skab'i-us. 
 
 scald (to bum with fluid), skawld, not skold. 
 
 scald (a bard), skald or skawld. 
 
 scalene, ska-len', not ska'len. 
 
 scallop, skol'lup, not skal'lup. 
 
 scaramouch, skar'a-mowch, not skar'a-mooch. 
 
 ale. eat, Ice, old, use, doze, good, Anil, end, 111, fin
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. &\ 
 
 scarce, skarce, not skarce nor skurce. S 
 
 scarcely. 
 
 scared, skard, not skirt. 
 scathed, skatht or ska/M. 
 scathing, skath'ing or skaiA'ing. 
 scenic, sen'ik or sen'ik. 
 sceptic, skep'tik, not sep'tik. 
 schedule, sked'yool or sed'yool or shed'yool. 
 schism, sizm, not siz'um. 
 schismatic (noun), siz'ma-tik or siz-mat'ik; (<tdj-\ 
 
 siz-mat'ik. 
 
 schooner, skoon'er, not skoon'er. 
 scorbutic, skor-bu'tik, not skor-but'ik. 
 scoundrel, skown'drel, not skown'dl. 
 screw, skroo, not skru. 
 scrivener, skriv'ner, not skiiv'ner. 
 scrofula, skrof'u-la, not skrawfu-la. 
 scrupulous, skroo'pu-lus, not skroop'lus. 
 scrutinize, skroo' ti-nlz, not skru'ti-nlz. 
 seamstress, sem'stres or sem'stres. 
 seckel (a. pear), sek'l, not sik'l. 
 seclude, se-klud', not se-klood'. 
 secretary, sek're-ta-rl, not sek'u-ta-ri. 
 secretory, se-kret'o-rl or se'kre-to-ri. 
 sedative, scd'a-tiv, not se-da'tiv. 
 seine, sen, not san. 
 senile, se'nll, not se'nil. 
 senna, sen'na, not se'na nor se'ni. 
 
 up. arm, fire, ow-1, f/t-en, th-in, get, ch-ojj, h-c-r.
 
 82 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK 
 
 sentient, sen'shi-ent, not sen'shent. 
 
 sentiment, sen'tl-ment, not sen'ti-munt- 
 
 separatist, sep'a-ra-tist, not sep-a-ra'tist. 
 
 sepulture, sep'ul-tur, not se-pul'tur. 
 
 sequel, se'kwel, not se'kwil. 
 
 sequestration, sek-wes-tra'shun, not se'kwes-tra. 
 
 shun. 
 
 series, se'ri-ez or se'rez. 
 sergeant, sar'jant or ser jant. 
 servile, ser'vil, not ser'vll. 
 seventy, sev'en-tT, not sev'un-tl. 
 several, sev'er-al, not sev'rul. 
 sew, so, not su. 
 server (a drain), soor or su'er. 
 shall, shal, not sh'l. 
 sha' n't (shall not\ shant, not shant. 
 sheath (noun), sheth; sheaths (pi.), she^z, not 
 
 sheths. 
 
 shekel, shek'l, not she'kl. 
 she\7, sho, not shu. 
 shire, slier or shir. 
 shone, shorn or shon. 
 hort-lived, short' -livd, not short'-livd. 
 shrew, shroo, not shru nor sroo. 
 shrewd, shrood, not shrud nor srood. 
 shriek, shrek, not srek. 
 shrill, shril, not sril. 
 shrine, shiin, not srin. 
 
 ale, eat, ice, old, fise, ooze, good, ft ml, end, ill, Su,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 83 
 
 shrub, shrub, not smb. 
 
 shrug, shrug, not srug. 
 
 shut, s^hut, not shet. 
 
 sibyl, sio'il, not si'bil. 
 
 sibylline, sib'il-Kn or sib'il-lm. 
 
 simile, sim'i-le, n<4 sim'Il. 
 
 simony, sim'o-ni, not si'mo-ni. 
 
 simultaneous, si-mul-ta'ne-us or sim-ul-ta'iie-us 
 
 since, since, not sence. 
 
 sinecure, si'ne-kur, not sin'e-kur. 
 
 s.inew, sin'u, not sin'od. 
 
 singular, sing'gu-lar, not sing'glar. 
 
 siren, si'ren, not sir' en. 
 
 sirrah, slr'ra or sar'ra. 
 
 sirup, slr'up, colloquially, sur'rup. 
 
 sit, sit, not set 
 
 sixth, stksth, not sTkst. 
 
 slabber, slab'ber, colloquially, slob'ber. 
 
 sleek, slek, not slik. 
 
 slept, slept, not slep. 
 
 sliver, sli'ver or sliv'er. 
 
 sloth, sloth, not sloth. 
 
 slough (a oA), sluf, not slaoo. 
 
 Slough (a mire-hole), slow, not sluf. 
 
 sloven, sluv'en or sluv'n, not slov'n. 
 
 smallpox, smawl'poks or smawl-pokg'. 
 
 smutch, sinuch, not smooch. 
 
 snout, snowt, not snoot. 
 
 ftp, fc'nri. f Are, c.\v-1, t/--<-i\, t li-tu. eet, ch-op, h-er.
 
 84 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 sociable, so'shi-a-bl or so'sha-bl. 
 
 sociality, so-shi-al'i-ti, not so-shal'i-tiu 
 
 sofa, so'fa, not so'fi. 
 
 soft, 4 soft, not sawft. 
 
 soften, 4 sof'n, not soften nor sawPten. 
 
 softly, 4 soft'lT, not sof'H nor sawft'li. 
 
 soiree, swa-ra' or swaw-ra'. 
 
 SOJOUrn (noun and verb), so'jurn, not SO-jum'. 
 SOl (in music), js6l Or sol. 
 
 solder, sol'der or saw'der. 
 
 solecism, sol'e-sizm, not so'le-sizm. 
 
 solemn, sol'em, not sol'um. 
 
 solstice, sol'stis, not sol'stis nor sol'stis. 
 
 solution, so-lu'shun, not so-loo'zhun. 
 
 sombre som'ber or som'ber. So som'brous. 
 
 something, sum'thing, not sun' thin. 
 
 somewhat, sum'hwot, not sum'wot. 
 
 someTwhere, sum'hwar. no\, sum'hwar nor sum'- 
 
 hwarz. 
 
 sonnet, s<5n'net, not sun'net. 
 sonorous, so-no'rus, not son'o-ras. 
 soot, soot or soot, not gut. So soot'y. 
 soothsayer, s<x)th'sa-er, not sdott'sa-er. 
 soporific, sop-o-rif'ik, not so-po-rif'ik. 
 sorry, sor'ri, not saw'n. 
 sortie, sor'te or sor-te'. 
 sough, suf, not sow. So soughing, 
 porse (trrft), sows, not sowz. 
 
 ,.le. fat, Ice, old, fise, ooze, good, And. find, ill, Bit,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 85 
 
 southerly, su^'er-li or sow^'er-li. So south'ern. 
 southward, sowth'ward or su^'urd. 
 sovereign, suv'er-in or sov'er-in. 
 spaniel, span'yel, not span'el. 
 spasm, spazm, not spaz'um. 
 species, spe'shez or spe'shez. 
 specious, spe'shus, not spesh'us. 
 spectacles, spek'ta-klz, not spet'a-klz. 
 spermaceti, sperm-a-se'ti, not sperm-a-sitl nor 
 
 spar-ma-sit'i. 
 
 spheroid, sphe'roid, not spher'oid. 
 spinach, spin'aj, not spin'atsh. 
 spinet, spin'et or spi-net'. 
 spiracle, spir'a-kl or spi'ra-kl. 
 spirit, splr'it, not sper'it nor spe'rit. 
 splenetic, splen'e-tik, not sple-net'ik. 
 spoon, spoon, not spoon. 
 spouse, spowz, not spows. 
 squalid, skwol'id, not skwal'id nor skwawl'id. 
 squalor, skwa'lawr, not skwol'er. 
 squirrel, skwur'el or skwir'el or skwer'el. 
 stalwart, stawl'wart, not stal'wart. 
 stamp, stamp, not stomp. 
 stanch, stanch, not stanch nor stawncL 
 stand, stand, not stan. 
 starboard, star'bord, colloquially, starb'urd. 
 statics, stut'iks, not sta'tiks. 
 statu quo [L.], sta'tu kwo, not stat'yoo kwo. 
 
 ftp, arm, f ire, <>\v-l, t/i.en, I h-iii, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 86 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 staves, staves or stavz. 
 steady, sted'i, not stid'i. 
 steelyard, steTyard, colloquially, stfl'yard. 
 stereoscope, ste're-o-skop or ster'e-o-skop. 
 stereotype, stG're-o-tlp or ster'e-o-tlp. 
 steward, stu'ard, not stoo'ard. 
 stint, stint, not stent. 
 stirrup, stur'up or ster'up. 
 stolid, stol'id, not sto'lid. 
 .stomacher, stum'a-cher, not stum'a-ker. 
 stomachic, sto-mak'ik, not sto-mat'ik. 
 stone, ston, not stun. 
 stony, sto'm, not stun'i. 
 storm, storm, not stawm. 
 strata, stra'ta, not stra'ta. So stra'tum. 
 strategic, stra-te'jik or stra-tej'ik. 
 strength, strength, not strenth. 
 strew, stroo or stro. 
 strychnine, strik'nin, not strik'mn. 
 student, stii'dent, not stoo'dent nor stud'nt. 
 - stupendous, stu-pen'dus, not stu-pend'ydb-ue nor 
 
 stu-pen'jus. 
 
 stupid, stu'pid, not stob'pid. 
 suasory, swa'so-ri, not swa'zo-ri. 
 suavity, swav'i-tl, not su-av'i-ti. 
 subaltern, sub'al-tern or sub-awl'tern. 
 subdue, sub-du', not sub-doo'. 
 subjected, sub-jekt'ed, not sub jekt-ed. 
 
 <U, eat, lee, old, use, doze, gdbd, it ml, iid, 111, *n t
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 8? 
 
 sublunary, sub'lu-na-ri, not sub-lu'na-ri. 
 subpoena, sub-pe'na, not sup-pe'na. 
 subsidence, sub-sld'ence, not sub'si-dence. 
 substantiate, sub-stan'shi-at, not sub-stan'shat. 
 substantively, sub'stan-tiv-H, not sub-stan'tiv-ll. 
 
 subtile (thin or rare), sub'tfl, not Sub'tlL 
 
 subtle (sly), sut'l, not sub'tl. 
 
 succumb, suk-kumb', not suk-kum'. 
 
 such, such, not sech nor sich. 
 
 sudden, sud'den, not sud'n nor sud'ding. So 
 
 sud'den-ly. 
 
 suffice, suf-fiz,' not suf-fis'. 
 suggest, sug-jest' or sud-jest'. 
 suicidal, su'i-sid-al, not su-1-sid'aL 
 suite, swet, not sut nor soot. 
 sulphuric, sul-fu'rik, not sul'fur-ik. 
 sultana, sul-ta'na or sul-ta"na. 
 sumach, su'mak or shoo'mak. 
 summary, sum'ma-rl, not sum'mer-i. 
 summoned, sum'mund, not sum'raunzd. 
 supererogatory, su-per-er'o-ga-to-ri or su-per- 
 
 e-rog'a-to-ri. 
 
 superficies, su-per-fish'i-ez or su-per-fish'ez. 
 supple, sup'l, not soo'pl. 
 suppose, sup-poz', not spoz. 
 surnamed, sur-namd', not sur'namd. 
 surprise, sur-priz', not sup-priz'. 
 surtout, sur-toot', not sur'tobt. 
 
 ftp, arm, f ire, oiv-l< tit. en, th-in, get, ell-op, h-er.
 
 88 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 surveillance, sur-val'yance, not soor-val-yance'. 
 
 survey (noun\ sur'va or sur-va' ; (verb), sur-va'. 
 
 swarthy, swawr'thi, not swawr'2/a. 
 
 swath, swawth or swoth. 
 
 swept, swept, not swep. 
 
 swiftly, swift'li, not swif'li. 
 
 swingel, swin jel or swing'gl. 
 
 sword, sord, not sword. 
 
 synod, sin'od, not si'nod. 
 
 syrup, sir'up, colloquially, sur-up. 
 
 T. 
 
 tabernacle, tab'er-na-kl or tab'er-nak-1. 
 tableau, tab-lo' or tab'lo. 
 talc, talk, not tawk. 
 
 talcose, tal-kos', not tal'kos nor tal-koz'. 
 talisman, tal'iz-man or tal'is-inan. 
 tapestry, tap'es-tri, not taps' tri. 
 tapis, ta'pis or ta-pe'. 
 tarpaulin, tar-pawl'in, not tar-po'lin. 
 . Tartarean, tar-ta're-an, not tar-ta-re'an. 
 tartaric, tiir-tar'ik, not tar-tiir'ik. 
 tassel, tas'scl or tos'l, not taw'sel. 
 tatterdemalion, tat-ter-de-mal'yun, not tat-ter-, 
 
 de-mal'yun. 
 taunt, tiint or tawnt. 
 tavern, tav'ern, not tiir'vern. 
 
 ale, et, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, nd, fuel, III, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 89 
 
 teat, tot, not tit. 
 
 tedious, te'di-us or ted'yus. 
 
 telegraphist, te-leg'ra-fist, not tel'e-graf-ist. So 
 
 te-leg'ra-phy. 
 
 temperament, tem'per-a-ment, not tem'per-munt. 
 temperature, tem'per-a-tur, not tem'per-toor. 
 tenable, ten'a-bl, not te'na-bl. 
 tenacious, te-na'shus, not te-nash'us. 
 tenet, ten'et, not te'net. 
 tenure, ten'yobr, not ten'yoor. 
 tepid, tep'id, not te'pid. 
 tepor, te'por or tep'or. 
 tergiversation, ter-jt-ver-sa'shun, not ter-gi-ver- 
 
 sa'shun. 
 
 terrapin, ter'ra-pin, not tur'ra-pin. 
 . thanksgiving, thanks'giv-ing, not thanks-giv'ing. 
 therefore, ther'for or thar'for. 
 thereof, iAur'of or <Mr'6v'. 
 there-with, ttar-witli' or th&r-vrith'. 
 -thither, thith'er, not thi^'er. 
 thoroughly, thur'o-lT, not thur'u-li. 
 thousand, thow'zand, not thow'zan. 
 thraldom, thrawl'dum, not throl'dum. 
 three-legged, thre-legd', not tliro-leg'ged. 
 threepence, thre'pence, colloquially, thrip'cnce. 
 
 So threepen-ny. 
 
 threshold, tlnvsh'Old or thresh'hold. 
 threw, throo, not thru. 
 
 -ir arm, f Are, \v-l, ili-rn, 1 li-lii, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 90 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 thyme, tim, not thmi. 
 
 tiara, ti-ii'ra, not ti-ii'ra. 
 
 ticklish, tick'lish, not tick'1-ish. 
 
 tierce, terce or turce. 
 
 tiny, tl'ni, not te'm nor tin'i. 
 
 tirade, ti-rad' or ti-rad', not tfrad. 
 
 to, too, not tu. 
 
 tongs, 4 tongz, not tawngz. 
 
 tomato, to-ma'to or to-ma'to. 
 
 tonsure, ton'shur, not ton'soor. 
 
 toothache, tobth'ak, not teeth'ak. 
 
 toothed, tobtht, not tobthd. 
 
 topographical, top-o-graf'ik-al, not t6-p^>-raf'- 
 
 ik-al. So top-o-graph'ic. 
 tortoise, tor'ti?; or tor'tis, not tor'tois. 
 tossing, 4 tos'ing. not tost'ing. 
 tottering, tot'ter- ; ng, not tot'tring. 
 toucan, tob'kan or tow'kan. 
 tour, toor, not towr. So tour'ist. 
 tournament, t6or'n-ment or tur'na-ment* 
 tourney, toor'm or tur'm. 
 toward, to'urd, not to-wa'vrd'. 
 trachea, tra'ke-a or tra-ke'a, 
 tragacanth, trag'a-kanth, no? traj'a-kanth. 
 tranquil, trang'kwil, not tran kwil. 
 transact, trans-akt', not Irani. -akt'. 
 transferable, trans-fer'a-bl, no, trans-fer'a-h). 
 ^transferrence, trans-fer'rence, not trans-fer'renoe- 
 
 al, eat, Ice, old, une, ooze,'gdbd, :1ii1. nd, III, ftn,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 91 
 
 transferable, trans-fer'ri-bl, not trans-fer'ri-bl. 
 transition, tran-sizh'un, not traus-ish'un. 
 y transmigrate, trans' mi-grat, not trans-mi'grat. 
 transparent, trans-pdr'ent, not trans-pa' rent. 
 trapezium, tra-pe'zl-um or tra-pe'zhi-um. 
 trapezoid, trap'e-zoid or trap-e-zoid'. 
 travel, trav'el, not trav'l. 
 traveller, trav'el-ler, not trav'ler. 
 treatise, tret'iz or tret'is. 
 treble, treb'l, not trib'l nor thrib'l. 
 tremendous, tre-rnen'dus, not tre-mend'yoo-ua 
 
 nor tre-men'jus. 
 tremor, tre'mur or trem\ir. 
 tribunal, tri-bu'nal, not tri-bu'nal. 
 tribune, trib'un, not tri'bun. 
 trilobite, tri'lo-blt not tril'o-bit 
 trio, tri'o or tre'o. 
 
 -c-tripartite, trip'ar-tit not tri-par'tit. 
 triphthong, 4 trip' thong or trifthong. 
 trisyllable, tri-sil'la-bl, or tris'il-la-bl. 
 triune, tri'iin, not tri'oon. 
 trivial, triv'i-al, not triv'yal. 
 troche, tro'ke, not trok nor tro'che. 
 troll (a fabled dwarf), troll, not troll. 
 trombone, trom'bon (Italian trom-bo'na), nov 
 
 trom-bon'. 
 
 trophy, troTT, not trofi. 
 troth, 4 troth, not troth. 
 
 flp, arm, f&re, <>\v-l, </<-en, th-in, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 92 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK.. 
 
 trough, 4 trof, not trawf nor trawth. 
 trow, tro, not trow. 
 truculent, trob'ku-lent, not truk'u-lent. 
 true, trod, not tru. 
 s truffle, trob'fl, not trufl. 
 
 truths, trooths, not trobthz. 
 x'tryst, trist) not trist. So tryst'ing-place. 
 tube, tub, not toob. 
 tuberose, tub'roz or tu'ber-os. 
 Tuesday, tuz'di, not tobz'dl 
 tulip, tii'lip, not too'lip. 
 tumor, tu'mur, not too'mur. 
 tumult, tii'mult, not tob'mult 
 tune, tun, not toon. 
 turbine, tur'bm, not tur'bin. 
 turquoise, tur-koiz' or tur-kez'. 
 twopence, too'pence, colloquially, tup'ence. 
 typhus, ti'fus, not ti'pus. 
 typographical, tip-o-graf'ik-al or ti-po-grafik. 
 
 al. So typog'ra-phy, typog'ra-pher. 
 tyrannic, ti-ran'nik, not ti-ran'nik. . 
 
 u. 
 
 ultimatum, ul-ti-ma'tum, not ul-ti-ma'tum. 
 umbrageous, um-bra'jus or um-bra'je-us. 
 umbrella, um-brel'la, not um-bril'la nor um-ber- 
 el'a nor um-ber-el'. 
 
 alu, eat, Ice, old, us, 6<>ze, good, ftiid. t-ml. 111, fin,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 93 
 
 uncouth, un-kooth', not un-koo$'. 
 unctuous, unkt'yoo-us, not unk'shus. 
 underneath, un-der-nei/i', not un-der-neth'. 
 undersigned, un-der-slnd', not un'der-sind. 
 unerring, un-er'riug or un-er'ring. 
 unguent, ung'gwent, not un'gwent. 
 unguentum, ung-gwen'tum, not an-gwin'tum. 
 unison, yoo'ni-sun, not yoo'm-zun. 
 unscathed, un-skatht' or un-skatf&d'. 
 -Uranus, u'ra-nus, not u-ra'nus. 
 ureter, u're-ter or u-re'ter. 
 usage, yoo'zij, not yoo'sij. 
 usufruct, u'zu-frukt, not u'su-frukt. 
 usurious, yoo-zhoo'ri- us or yoo-zu'ri-us. 
 usurp, u-zurp', not u-surp'. So u-sur-pa'tiou- 
 uterine, u'ter-m or u'ter-m. 
 uxorious, ugz-o'ri-us, not uks-o'ri-us. 
 
 V. 
 
 vaccinate, vak'si-nat, not vas'-si-nat. So raa 
 
 ci-na'tion. 
 
 vaccine, vak'sln or vak'sm. 
 vagary, va-ga'ri, not va'ga-ri. 
 valet, val'et or val'a. 
 valise, va-les' or va-lez'. 
 valuable, val'u-a-bl, not val'yu-bl. 
 variegated, va'ri-e-gat-ed, not va-d'e-gat"ed. 
 
 tip, arm, fire, ow-lj tli-en, t li-iii, geti ch-op, E -*w
 
 94 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 varioloid, va'ri-o-loid, not var'I-o-loid nor var'i- 
 
 loid. 
 
 vase, vas or vaz. 
 
 vaticinal, va-tis'i-nal, not vat-i-si'nal. 
 vaunt, vawnt or vant. 
 vehement, ve'he-ment, not ve-he' merit. So ve'- 
 
 he-mence. 
 
 velvet, vel'vet, not vel'vit 
 vendue, ven-du', not van-doo'. 
 venial, ve'ni-al, not ven'yal. 
 venison, ven'i-zn or ven'zn. 
 verbose, ver-bos', not ver-boz'. 
 verdigris, ver'di-gres, not ver'di-gris. 
 vermicelli, ver-mi-chel'li or ver-mi-sel'li. x 
 vertigo, ver'ti-go, pedantically, ver-ti'go or Ter- 
 
 te'go. 
 
 vesicatory, ves'i-ka-to-ri or vfe-sik'a-to-ri. 
 vessel, ves'sel, not ves'L 
 veterinary, vet'er-e-na-ri, not vet'ri-nur-I. 
 vibratory, vi'bra-to-ri, not vib'ra-to-ri. 
 vicar, vik'ar, not vi'kar. 
 vicinity, vi-sin'i-ti, not vl-sin'i-ti. 
 victory, vik'to-ri, not vik'tri. 
 vignette, vin-yet', not vin-et'. 
 vigorous, vig'o-rus, not vig'rus. 
 villain, vil'lin, not vil'un. 
 vindicative, vin'di-ka-tiv, not "in-dik'a-tiv. So 
 
 vin'di-ca-to-ry. 
 
 Hie, cat, Ice, Old, use, ooze, goort, &nd, nd, HI, on,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 95 
 
 vineyard, vin'yard, not vln'yard. 
 
 violent, vi'o-lent, not voi'lent. So vi'o-lence. 
 
 violet, vi'o-let, not voi'let. 
 
 violoncello, ve-o-lon-chel'lo or ve-o-lon-sel'lo. 
 
 virago, vT-ra'go or vi-ra'jyo, not vi-ra'go. 
 
 virile, vi'rtl or vir'il. So viril'ity. 
 
 viscount, vi'kownt, not vis'kownt. 
 
 visor, viz'ur, not vrzur. 
 
 vitiate, vish'I-at, not vish'at. 
 
 vitriol, vit'ri-ul, not vit'rul. 
 
 vituperate, vi-tu'per-at or vi-tu'per-at. 
 
 vivacious^ vT-va'shus or vi-va'shus. So vlvac'. 
 
 ity. 
 
 vizier, viz'ycr or vi-zer', not viz'yer. 
 vocable, vo'ka-bl, not vok'a-bl. 
 vocule, vok'ul or vok'ul. 
 volatile, vol'a-tfl, not vol'a-til. 
 volume, vol'yurn or vol'yoom. 
 volute, vo-lut', not vol'ut. 
 voyage, voi'ej, colloquially , voij. 
 vulpine, vul'pm, not vul'pin. 
 
 w. 
 
 wainscot, wfm'skot, colloquially, wen'skut. 
 waistcoat, wfist'kot, colloquially, wes'kut. 
 walnut, wawl'rvjt or w^'nut. 
 w^alrus, wawl'rus or wol'rus. 
 
 up, arm, f&re, ow-1, tii-en, tli-ln, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 98 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 wampum, wawm'pum or wom'pum. 
 
 wan, won, not wan. 
 
 wandering, won'der-ing, not won'dring. 
 
 want, wawnt or wont. 
 
 warrant, wor'rant, not wawr'ant, 
 
 warrior, wawr'yur or wor'ri-ur. 
 
 was, woz, not wuz. 
 
 wassail, wos'sil, not was'sal. 
 
 water, waw'tcr, not wot'er. 
 ! weapon, wep'un or wep'n. 
 
 weary, we'ri or wer'i. 
 
 weasand, we'zand or we'znd, 
 
 well, wel, not wal. 
 
 wept, wept, not wep. 
 
 were, wer, not waur. 
 
 westward, west'ward, not west'urd. 
 
 wharf, hworf, not worf. 
 
 what, hwot, not wot. 
 - where, hwar, not waur. 
 
 wherefore, hwar'for, not hwer'for. 
 
 whereof, hwar-of or hwar-ov'. 
 
 wherewith, hwar-with' or hwa 
 
 v/hether, hwe<7i'er, not weth'er. 
 
 which, hwich, not wich. 
 
 while, hwil, not wll. 
 
 whinny, hwin'm, not win'm. 
 
 whisk, liwisk, not wisk. 
 
 whiskey, hwisk'T, not wis'kT. 
 
 ale, eat- Ice, old, use, ooze, good, and, end, 111, ftn,
 
 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 97 
 
 whistle, hwis'l, not hwis'tl nor wis'L 
 
 white, hwlt, not wit 
 
 whither, hwitft'er, not with'er. 
 
 whole, hoi, not huh So whole 'sale, whole'- 
 
 some. 
 whooping-cough, hoop'ing-kof, not hoop'ing- 
 
 kof. 
 
 whorl, liworl or hwurl. 
 whortleberry, hwur'tl-ber-rl, not hwor'tl-ber-ri. 
 
 Commonly spelled and pronounced huck'le- 
 
 ber-ry, huk'1-ber-ri. 
 why, hwf, not wT. 
 
 wife 8 (possessive case), Wlfs, not W1VZ. 
 
 wigwam, wig'wawm or wig' worn, 
 window, win'do, not win'der. 
 windpipe, wind'pip or wmd'pip. 
 windrow, win'ro or wind'ro. 
 \vindward, wind'ward, not wmd'urd. 
 wiseacre, wiz'a-ker, not wiz-a'ker. 
 with, \\-\th, not with. So withdraw', with- 
 hold', &c. 
 
 withe, with, not vnth. 
 w^on't, wont, not wunt. 
 worse, wurs, not wus. 
 worship, wur'ship, not wush'ip. 
 worst, wnrst, not wust. 
 worsted, woors'ted or woos'ted. 
 worth, wurth, not wuth. 
 
 up, arm, fire, ow-I, t It-en, th-In, get, ch-op, h-er.
 
 98 PRONOUNCING HANDBOOK. 
 
 1 worthy, wur'/Ai, not wuth'i. 
 
 wound (noun and verb), WOOnd Or WOWnd. 
 
 . Wrath, rath or rawth. So wrath'fuL 
 
 wreath (noun), reth, not reth; wreaths (*.pi.\ 
 
 ^ethz, not reths. 
 
 wrestle, res'l, not res'tl nor ras'l. 
 . wristband, rist'band, colloquially, riz'band. 
 "* wrong, 4 rong, not rawng. 
 wroth, 4 rawth or rotlv 
 
 X. 
 
 xylographic, zi-lo-graf'ik, not zfl-o-graf'ik. So 
 
 xy-log'ra-pher, xy'lo-graph. 
 xiphoid, zif'oid, not zi'foid. 
 
 Y. 
 
 yacht, yot, not yat. 
 
 yea, ya; yc is obsolete. 
 
 yellow, yel'lo, not yel'ler nor yal'lo. 
 
 yes, yes, not yls nor yaas nor ye. 
 
 yesterday, yes'ter-da, not yis'ter-da. 
 
 yet, yet, not yit. 
 
 yolk, yok or yolk. 
 
 you, 3 yoo, not yloo nor yu. 
 
 yonder, yon'der, not yen'der nor yun'der. 
 
 yourself, yoor-self", not yer-self . 
 
 youths, youths, not ycbthz. 
 
 ul, eat, Ice, old, use, ooze, good, And, did, HI, on,
 
 PRO.. BUNGING HANDBOOK. 99 
 
 z. 
 
 zealot, zel'ut, not zel'uL 
 
 zenith, ze'nith, not zen'ith. 
 
 zoology, zo-ol'o-jT, not zoo-ol'o-jT nor zoo'lo-jT. 
 
 zoological, zo-o-loj'I-kal, not zoo-o-loj't-kal. 
 
 zouave, zoo-iiv' or zwi^ ,iot zoo-av'. ' 
 
 lip, arm, f &,re, o\v-l> th ^u. f X'.u. get s cU-op, h-er.
 
 TM BUG HUKTHB'S HAJTDBOOK." 
 
 INSECTS : 
 
 Bow to Catch, and How to Prepare Them for the Cabiabt. 
 Comprising a Manual of Instruction for 
 the Field Naturalist 
 
 BY WAJL/TE.R P. MLA.NTON", 
 
 Author of "Taxidermy Without a Master," "Handbook of Field 
 Botany," etc. 
 
 Illustrated. 50 cents. 
 
 The Boston Post says: "Are you Interested In bugs? Do you 
 like to capture the wild and untamed beetle, the Insatiable potato 
 bug, and the festive grasshoy er, anvJ impaling them on pins, see 
 'em through a glass? Then you want to know just the correct 
 way to do it, and you want to purchase this little volume." 
 
 "In describing the outfit nothing essential is omitted, and 
 illustrations help to make plain this and the directions for pre- 
 paring. Useful instructions are added as to the construction of a 
 cabinet, time and places to hunt, and the method of 'printing 
 butterflies.' Every boy who has any taste for natural history 
 should have this neat little manual. The many 'Agassiz Clubs' 
 which have sprung up among the youth of the country should add 
 it to their libraries." Chicago Advance. 
 
 "OF INESTIMABLE VALUE TO YOUNG BOTANISTS." 
 
 FIELD BOTAl^Y: 
 
 A Hand-Book for the Collector. Containing Instructions for 
 
 Gathering and Preserving Plants, and the Formation of a 
 
 Herbarium; also, Complete Instructions in Leaf 
 
 Photography, Plant Printing, and the 
 
 Skeletonizing of Leaves. 
 
 BY W.AJL.TER 3?. 
 
 Illustrated. Cloth, 50 cents. 
 
 " A most valuable companion. The amount of information con- 
 veyed in the small compass is surprising." Demorest's Monthly 
 New fork, 
 
 " It is just what the boys and girls need for the spring campaign 
 in Botany, and at the modest price of fifty cents is accessible tr 
 ill." Christian Register, Boston. 
 
 * It is entirely practical, and gives the collector just the know- 
 ledge required to render his work permanent and satisfactory. 
 Its smallness fit* it to be carried in the pocket, which is a consid 
 eration." Jfational Bagftitt IT. T.
 
 " your Little Manual Contains the Cube FSort of Parlia- 
 mentary Law." Charles Sumner. 
 
 WARRINGTON'S MANUAL: 
 
 & JBanual 
 
 "OR THE INFORMATION OF OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OP 
 LEGISLATURES, CONVEJN" 'ONS, SOCIETIES, CORPO- 
 RATIONS, ORDERS, ETC., IN THE PRACTICAL 
 GOVERNING AND MEMBERSHIP OF ALL 
 SUCH BODIES, ACCORDING TO THE 
 PARLIAMENTARY LAW AND 
 PRACTICE OF THE 
 UNITED STATES. 
 
 BY WILLIAM S. ROBINSON, 
 
 1 ' Harrington, ' ' 
 
 Clerk of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, 
 from 1862 to 1873. 
 
 Price, 50 Cents. 
 
 ** It is a mixtuj rule, advice, and ' parliamentary ' principle, founded 
 on the experience nd the obvious necessities of bodies governed by the 
 'parliamentary law.' As everybody knows, an assembly may, if it 
 pleases, make rules for itself diametrically opposed to this law or principle. 
 Those 'rules' are innumerable, and it is of no practical use to try to classify, 
 illustrate, or mention them. Such of them as are based on correct prin- 
 ciples will be found here. But, for the largest part, this book seeks to 
 give the reasons for the ordinary and the best practice of the best ordered 
 bodies. Given the reasons, and the practice adjusts itself; the assembly 
 transacts its work speedily and with proper regard to the rights of all ; and 
 officers are prepared to meet objections and to answer questions with little 
 or no hesitation. Without the reasons, members and officers have great 
 difficulty in interpreting the rules, and in coming to just results without 
 troublesome delays." Preface. 
 
 " Mr. Robinson is perhaps better known than any other pseudonymous 
 writer in the Commonwealth as a man of clear, sharp, incisive intellect, 
 which, applied to mles of order, as it must necessarily have been in his 
 many years of clerkly experience, could not have failed to make him 
 master of the subject. The points are stated with great precision and 
 conciseness, and the indexing is so perfect that any question of parlia- 
 mentary law or practice may be settled by a rapid glance ; while the size 
 of the little volume fits it for the pocket, so that a person who apprehend! 
 any occasion for its use need never go unarmed with its authority." 
 
 Salfm Geufttt,
 
 VALUABLE LITTLE BOOK FOE THE 
 FAMILY LIBRAE Y." 
 
 HANDBOOK OF THE EARTH- 
 NATURAL METHODS IN 
 
 GEOGRAPHY. 
 
 By LOUISA PARSONS HOPKINS, 
 
 Teacher of Normal Methods in the Swain Free School, 
 
 New Bedford, Mass. 
 
 Cloth, 5O cents. 
 
 ' This volume is uniform with the valuable series of little hand- 
 books which LEE & SHEPARD have from time to time issued ; and 
 its chapters form an inductive treatise in geography, which is 
 offered to the general student as an original and philosophical 
 presentation of the subject ; but, more especially, it is designed 
 for the use of teachers and normal school classes as a review and 
 generalization of geographical facts, and a guide to right methods 
 of study and instruction. It is also a valuable little book for the 
 family library." Boston Home Journal. 
 
 " The plan of the work is admirable ; it offers a novel solution 
 of the vexed problem how to make the study of geography inter- 
 esting, and, though designed especially for normal training-schools. 
 every teacher wc'iVl be benefited by making its contents a careful 
 study." Good Times. 
 
 "The -71 k is done in a clear, brief, and orderly manner, with 
 the resu. ., of producing a very useful manual for both teachers and 
 scholars in normal-school classes, to aid them in review and to give 
 them guidance and support in right methods of study and instruc- 
 tion." Independent, 
 
 As a suggestive presentation of a sound method of geographical 
 study, this work is of decided merit. ... At every step the pupil 
 is led to recognize in the aspects of nature or the forms of civili/.a- 
 tion brought to his notice the product of antecedent conditions 
 and forci-s working through laws. Every advance made in geo- 
 graphical knowledge is of the nature of an induction from observed 
 facts, or of a deduction from a previously discovered law ; while 
 the memory plays but a subordinate part. The tendency of geo- 
 graphical study, as developed in these lessons, is to strengthen the 
 reasoning powers and to liberalize the whole mind ; while, inci- 
 dentally, a working knowledge of the main facts of mathematical, 
 physical, and political geography is secured.
 
 "Worth ItsWelghtjn Oold. =- 
 
 WOO BLUNDERS IN ENGLISH. 
 
 A Handbook of suggestions in Reading and Speaking. By HARLAN 
 H. BALLARD, A.M., Principal of Lenox Academy, Lenox, Mass. 
 RICE SO CENTS. 
 
 This little manual is an invaluable aid to the student of English in 
 the acquirement of a correct style. Its author is a successful teacher, 
 the head of a large and flourishing school, and this little book hm 
 been prepared from the fund of his own experience. It includes 
 among its " blunders " most of the inaccuracies and inelegances of 
 speech that jar our ears with daily iteration. His hints and sugges- 
 tions are of the most practical character, and, properly studied, will 
 be of inestimable benefit to the careless reader or speaker who has a 
 desire to correct bad habits. It is a har.dy liule book to pick up and 
 study one's pet " slip of the tongue," or favorite mode of " tipping " 
 the parts of speech, to the damage of the English language. 
 
 The Tribulations of a Frenchman. 
 
 BROKEN ENGLISH. 
 
 A Frenchman's Struggles with the English Language. Amusing 
 as a narrative, instructive as a handbook of Fiench conversation. 
 By Prof. E. C. DUBOIS, author of " The French Teacher, a right 
 system of teaching French." Cloth, 50c. ; cheap edition, paper, 30c. 
 
 Who has not heard of Professor Dubois, " the funny Frenchman"? 
 Many will remember his instructive, amusing, and witty lectures, 
 "Broken English; cr, the Mistakes, Trials, and Tribulations of a 
 Frenchman while wrestling with the English Tongue." After listen, 
 ing to his story of how he went to the theatr 5 expecting to see Laura 
 Keene appear in two pieces, supported by h' t husband ; how he told 
 some of his mishaps over and over again, I >cause his hearers kept 
 saying " Do tell," " I want to know," etc. ; 1'Jw he said, " kicked the 
 bucket," and used other expressions of t like nature, supposing 
 them to be the most polite forms of speech; tvbat a struggle he had 
 with certain little words to find out how V say broken off, broken 
 up, broken out, broken down, broken in, t*c. ; and how he made 
 other mistakes almost without number, rr my a person expressed 
 the hope the Professor would have the lectUi t put in some permanent 
 form, that it might not be forgotten. 
 
 ft is published in English am French, on w;>osite pages, and wil 
 thua b a yery valuable aid to those learning wench
 
 "A WONDERFUL ABT." 
 
 TAXIDERMY WITHOUT A TEACHER. 
 
 COMPRISING} 
 
 A Complete Manual of Instruction for Preparing and 
 
 Preserving Birds, Animals, and Fishes ; with a 
 
 Chapter on Hunting and Hygiene ; together 
 
 with Instructions for Preserving Eggs 
 
 and making Skeletons, and a 
 
 Number of Valuable 
 
 Recipes. 
 
 By WALTER P. MANTON, 
 
 Author of " Insects,'' " Field Botany," etc. 
 
 Illustrated. Cloth, 60 Gents. 
 
 " The young naturalist will find the little book just what he needa 
 for an Intelligent understanding of this interesting and profitable class 
 of work." Chicago tnter-Octaii. 
 
 "Every naturalist oujrlit to have a copy for immediate use." Da 
 Jfowes State Leader. 
 
 " The author wastes no space or pains, but tells what he has to say 
 in the most practical fashion and in as few words as inaj be. There 
 must be a steady demand for such a book, which this one seems well 
 adapted to supply "- Vongregationahst, boston. 
 
 " We would be glad if all teachers would take this little book, study 
 It faithfully, become interested themselves and interest their pupils 
 in this wonderful art." Practical Teacher. 
 
 " Will l>e especially valued by the troops of boys wl en fioinsr out on 
 their collecting expeditions after birds, beasts aiid tishes L'lfntry 
 World, Boston. 
 
 "The beginner In this field of science can well study \\ithort :\uy 
 other master, as it fairly and fully < xpiains tlie process of pi-epaniij- 
 and preserving birds, animals and fishe>." Boston Commonwtultlt. 
 
 " \ *ork that every amateur naturalist should carry In his pocke' 
 Mi bis Summer trips " tinttn* Pat.
 
 A VALUABLE HANDBOOK." 
 
 HANDBOOK OF WOOD ENGRAVING, 
 
 With Practical Instruction in the Art for Persona wishing 
 to Learn without an Instructor. 
 
 CONTAINING A DESCRIPTION OF TOOLS AND APPARATUS USED, 
 
 AND EXPLAINING THfi MANNER OF ENGRAVING 
 
 VARIOUS CLASSES OF WORK. 
 
 ALSO, 
 
 A HISTORY OF THE ART FROM ITS ORIGIN TO THE PRESENT TIME. 
 
 BY WILLIAM A. EMERSON, 
 Wood Engraver. 
 
 Illustrated, New Edition. Cloth, $1.00. 
 
 " A helpful little book is W. A. Emerson's ' Hand-book of Wood 
 Engraving.' It modestly lays no claim to the place of the teacher, 
 and only hopes to aid those who may be forced to make a begin- 
 ning by themselves in this attractive art. Yet Mr. Emerson, who 
 is himself an engraver, puts his advice so clearly and concisely, 
 with such an absence of rhetorical flourish and with such a 
 wealth of illustration, that he must be a dull pupil indeed who 
 cannot by perseverance get from the book the help which will at 
 least make him a respectable amateur engraver. No instruction, 
 either by example or precept, can do much more, for good en- 
 gravers are, like poets and artists, born, not made." Springfield 
 Republican. 
 
 "A valuable treatise that has speedily passed into a second 
 edition. The number of young people who are giving attentu 
 
 not make an engraver out of everybody any more than an essay 
 on elocution will make a public speaker, but is sufficient to lay 
 the groundwork for any one who is earnest in his efforts to 
 acquire the trade ; the rest must be left to time and practice. - 
 Rochester Herald. 
 
 "A valuable hand-book, explanatory of an art which is grado- 
 ally attracting the attention of amateurs more and more, and 
 which affords not only 1 pleasing pastime, but an excellent mean* 
 of procuring a liveliho I. "Cleveland Sun.
 
 SHORTHAND WITHOUT A MASTER. 
 
 UNIVERSAL PHONOGRAPHY; 
 
 OB 
 
 SHORTHAND BY THE "ALLEN METHOD." 
 
 A. Self-Instructor, -whereby more Speed than Long-Hand 
 Writing is gained at the First Lesson, and 
 additional Speed at each sub- 
 sequent Lesson. 
 
 By G. G. ALLEN, 
 
 Principal of the Allen Stenographic Institute, Boston. 
 Price 50 Cents. 
 
 There Is scarcely any acquirement so helpful to the student, scientist, 
 or professional man, as shorthand writing. Heretofore, all the methods 
 have required so long a time before one could become BO proficient as to 
 make it of any advantage, that men in middle life or busy men have not 
 been able 1 o Kive the time io learn it ; but by the "Allen Method" one can 
 almost in " the idle moments of a busy life," certainly, in an hour a day 
 for two or three mouths, become so expert as to report a lecture verbatim. 
 From REV. DB. THOMAS HILL, Late Pretident of Harvard College. * 
 
 PORTLAND, June 2, 1883. 
 
 I most cordially indorse the main principles of Mr. Allen's metnqd of 
 presenting phonography ; they all are thoroughly practical, and must, of 
 necessity, lead to better practical results than the analytic methods usu- 
 ally pursued. I hope Mr. Allen's methods will bring into more general 
 use the phonographic style of shorthand. 
 From R. M. PULSIFEB, of R. M. PULSIFER A Co., Proprietors of the 
 
 "Botlon Mfrald." 
 
 3E "HERALD," BOSTON, Aug. 17,1381. 
 
 Dea Sir: I have for v2 past eight months employed as my private 
 stenographer a gentleman educated at your Institute, anl recommended 
 to me by you. 1 have been entirely satisfied with the service which he 
 has rendered. Respectfully yours, R. M. PULSIKER. 
 
 37 MATTHEWS, HARVARD COLLEGE. 
 
 1 had taken but two lessons of you, and at my third lesson I wrote 
 three times as fast as an ordinary long-hand writer. 
 
 8. B. PEARMAIN. 
 164 HANOVER STREET, BOSTON. 
 
 After taking a two months' course I wrote from matter with which I 
 waa entirely unfamiliar, one hundred and forty vofds per minute. 
 
 JB. C. STICKNET. 
 549 TniRtt STREET, BOSTON. 
 
 Before completing a three months' course I could write one hundred 
 and sixty-five words per minute. I find no difficulty in taking down 
 sermons, speeches, lectures, etc., verbatim. THOMAS F. MAcKEY. 
 
 I have taken a three months' course of lessons, and am now ioing law 
 reporting. MINSTIE E. CONLAN. 
 
 Reporting for some of the best Boston lawyers, she earns more In a da) 
 than ordinary lady employes can in a week.
 
 *. UfTBBARY TIDBIT/ 
 
 By THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON, 
 
 AUTHOR OI" 
 
 TOONS FOLKS' HISTORY OP THH UNITED STATES," 'YOUN 
 
 FOLKS' AMERICAN EXPLORERS," "MALBONE," 
 
 "OUTDOOR PAPERS," "OLDPORT DATS," ARJCY LOTS IN 
 
 A BLACK REGIMENT," "ATLANTIC ESSAYS," ETC. 
 
 Price 50 Cents. 
 
 " This little book Is very entertaing quite a literary tidbit. Tue 
 criticisms seem to be conceived with great candor and much generous 
 appreciation of everything good and noble in the persons of whom the 
 author speaks. There is a peculiar vividness and freshness in the de- 
 scriptions which seems to bring the individual before you. living and 
 speaking Six eminent authors form the subjects: Hawthorne, 1'oe, 
 Thoreau, Ilo wells, Helen Jackson, Henry James, Jr. There are also 
 many interesting, incidental glances at other eminent names." Ch. 
 Secretary 
 
 " These studies are fresh and Invigorating. The author comes to his 
 subject with an insight and appreciation that stirs the deepest sym- 
 pathy of his readers. They show the authors In a living way, and 
 point out their special work and excellence in a delightful manner.' 
 Detroit Advertiser. 
 
 " Col Higginson isnn author, essayist, critic, and historian. of marked 
 ability, but in none of his works does he appear to greater advantage 
 than In these graceful and documentary sketches. We strongly doubt 
 that any more elegant and appreciative tributes to th genius of Haw- 
 thorne, 1'oe or Thoreau were ever written In the delightful papers by 
 the author of " An Oldport Romance," and " Army Life in a R;ack 
 Regiment." Kingston Freeman. 
 
 These ' StmTles ' are rather those ot the characters themsvive* 
 than of their works, and written in Mr. Higginson's best analytic* 
 tyle, fill up a leisure hour charmingly " Toledo Journal.
 
 HINTS ON 
 
 BY 
 
 THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON, 
 
 AUTHOR OF 
 
 "YOUNG FOLKS' HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES," "YOITNO 
 FOLKS' Ajer^A4.y BXPLOBEHS," "MALBONE," 
 
 "OUTDOOR PAPERS," **OL,I>PORT DAYS," ARMY LIFE IN 
 A BLACK REGIMENT," "ATLANTIC ESSAYS," ETC. 
 
 Price, 5O cents. 
 
 " So delicate and yet BO strong in the style ; So apt, yet so 
 abundant his illustrations ; So fascinating the easy, polished 
 leisurely diction, that the literary enjoyment cannot be im- 
 paired. He has all the charms of Montaigne without his 
 egotism." Minneapolis Press. 
 
 The following from the author's Preface shows the purpose 
 of this volume: 
 
 " The first of these two chapters appeared long since In the 
 Atlantic Monthly, and was afterwards included in the author's 
 volume entitled 'Atlantic Essays.' Teachers have several 
 times urged that it should be reprinted as a little manual of 
 literary composition; and 1 have indeed seen it used for that 
 purpose in a college class-room. Now that similiar sugges- 
 tions are beginning to come in respecting the other brief essay, 
 ' Hints on Speech-making.' it has seemed well to present the 
 fr T together in a small volume, The last-named paper ap 
 peared first in 'Harper's Magazine* and it is here reprinted 
 with the consent of the publisher*."
 
 MOST RIDICULOUS MISTAKES" AVOIDED. 
 
 SYNONYMS DISCRIMINATED 
 
 BT 
 
 RICHARD WHATELY, D. D., 
 
 Archbishop of Dublin. 
 A new edition. 5O cents. 
 
 While especially adapted to the use of writers and those who 
 desire to express themselves in exact and discriminating 
 terms, tliU b >ok will be of interest to every one who may wish 
 to gain m >re p-ecision in the use of our language. In com- 
 piling this vfilnb'e work, the accomplished author has de- 
 parted from the customary methods, and has not contented him- 
 t-elf with givi g merely the apparent synonyms in the lan- 
 guage, but elaborates on the nice distinction in the meaning 
 of common words, usually considered synonymous terms. In 
 this feature consists the especial importance of Dr. Whately's 
 Tolume. 
 
 " Words apparently synonymous and really so in the 
 great majority of instances have nevertheless each an ap- 
 propriate meaning, which on certain occasions is made to 
 appear. The propriety ofmcaniug is known, a priori, by the 
 scholar who is acquainted wiih theetymo'ogy of the word, but 
 the person who has collected its meaning only from its use is 
 ever liable to mistakes and the mosr ridiculous mistakes; be- 
 cause perhaps in his experience, it has never been used in such 
 t /nanner as to demonstrate its peculiar signification." To 
 nch this book by a distinguished author will prove iuva.uable.
 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below 
 
 OCT 2 
 OCT 16 1929 
 
 JUL 22 193? 
 
 0020-90 
 
 61990 
 
 2 1 1991 
 
 Form L-9-35i-8/28
 
 L 006 062 227 1 
 
 Ft 
 
 coto-
 
 I