THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of California, Davis Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/waterresourcesof01cali STATE OF CALIFORNIA EARL WARREN Governor PUBLICATION OF STATE WATER RESOURCES BOARD BULLETIN NO. 1 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 1951 Additional copies of this publication may be obtained from Documents Section, Division of Printing, 1 1th and O Streets, Sacramento Price $3 plus tax UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE DAVIS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 11 ACKNOWLEDGMENT 12 ORGANIZATION, STATE WATER RESOURCES BOARD 13 ORGANIZATION, STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS, DIVI- SION OF WATER RESOURCES 14 ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES 15 CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION J Water a Major Factor in California Economy 17 Need for an Inventory of Water Resources 17 Authority and Funds for Investigation 17 History of Water Development in California 18 The California Water Problem 22 Previous Investigations 23 Objectives of the State-wide Water Resources Investigation 24 Scope of Bulletin 24 Related Subjects 25 Natural Regulation of Water Resources 25 Sea Water Conversion 26 Cloud Seeding 27 Reclamation of Sewage and Waste Waters 27 CHAPTER II. SUMMARY Major Hydrographic Areas 29 1. North Coastal Area 29 2. San Francisco Bay Area 29 3. Central Coastal Area 29 4. South Coastal Area 29 5. Central Valley Area 29 6. Lahontan Area 29 7. Colorado Desert Area , 29 Precipitation 32 Storms 32 Effect of Topography on Precipitation 33 Precipitation Records 33 Variation in Precipitation 35 Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands 36 The Isohyetal Map 36 Runoff 36 Runoff Records 36 Flood Flows and Frequencies 39 Early California Floods 40 Methods of Estimating Flood Flows 40 Rainwater Floods 40 Snow Floods 41 Quality of Water 41 CHAPTER III. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Definitions 45 Location Maps 45 Area of California 46 Descriptions of Drainage Areas 46 Precipitation ^ 47 Rainfall Intensities 47 Isohyetal Map 47 Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands 47 Runoff • 4g Flood Flows and Flood Frequencies 49 Quality of Water 52 Standards for Quality of Irrigation Water 53 (3) TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued CHAPTER IV. NORTH COASTAL AREA Page Location and Description 55 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 55 Precipitation 55 Runoff 70 Flood Flows 86 Flood Frequencies 86 Quality of Water 87 CHAPTER V. SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA Location and Description 97 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 97 Precipitation 97 Runoff 114 Flood Flows 115 Flood Frequencies 126 Quality of Water 126 CHAPTER VI. CENTRAL COASTAL AREA Location and Description 135 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 135 Precipitation 135 Runoff 154 Flood Flows 170 Flood Frequencies 170 Quality of Water 170 Surface Waters 170 Ground Waters 173 CHAPTER VII. SOUTH COASTAL AREA Location and Description 185 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 185 Precipitation 185 Runoff 240 Flood Flows : 269 Flood Frequencies 271 Quality of Water 291 Surface Waters 291 Ground Waters 292 CHAPTER VIII. CENTRAL VALLEY AREA Location and Description 307 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 307 Precipitation 308 Runoff 346 Flood Flows 414 Flood Frequencies 417 Quality of Water 463 Surface Waters 463 Ground Waters 464 Ground Water Storage Capacity of Sacramento Valley 465 CHAPTER IX. LAHONTAN AREA Location and Description 481 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 481 Precipitation 481 Runoff 497 Flood Flows 515 Flood Frequencies 515 Quality of Water 520 Surface Waters 520 Ground Waters 520 CHAPTER X. COLORADO DESERT AREA Location and Description a 525 Streams and Areas of Drainage Basins 525 Precipitation 525 Runoff 534 Flood Flows 537 Quality of Water 542 Surface Waters 542 Ground Waters 542 (4) TABLE OF CONTENTS-Continued APPENDIXES A. RECLAMATION OF SEWAGE AND WASTE WATERS 545 B. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS 599 C. DESCRIPTIONS OF DRAINAGE BASINS 561 D. GROUND-WATER STORAGE CAPACITY OF THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY, CALIFORNIA 617 E. COLORADO RIVER 633 ILLUSTRATIONS State of California 16 CHAPTER I Mission Dam on San Diego River 19 Shasta Dam and Reservoir on Sacramento River 19 CHAPTER II Snow Surveying in the Sierra Nevada 31 Weather Station at Shasta Reservoir 34 Automatic Water Stage Recorder Installation in Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. 37 Measuring Flood Runoff in Yolo By-Pass of Sacramento River 37 CHAPTER IV Redwood Highway — North Coastal Area 58 Trinity River 69 CHAPTER V Santa Clara Valley — San Francisco Bay Area 113 San Francisco Bay and Peninsula From South 132 CHAPTER VI Coastal Terrain— Central Coastal Area 136 CHAPTER VII j Upper Santa Ana Valley — South Coastal Area 184 Flood Damage Along San Diego River — 1916 268 CHAPTER VIII Sacramento Valley 306 Mount Shasta and Upper Sacramento River 345 Break in Sacramento River Levee During 1936 Flood 413 CHAPTER IX Donner Lake — Lahontan Area 480 Sierra Nevada From Owens Valley 496 CHAPTER X Joshua Trees — Colorado Desert Area 524 (5) TABLES Page 1. Summary of "Mountain and Foothill" and "Valley and Mesa Lands" in Cali- fornia by Major Hydrographic Areas 30 2. Variation in Seasonal Precipitation at Representative California Stations 35 3. Weighted Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Major Hydrographic Areas 38 4. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff of California Streams, 1894-95 to 1946-47 39 5. Magnitude of Floods on Representative Streams in California 42 6. Inorganic Analyses of Waters of Representative Streams in California 43 7. Areas of Drainage Basins, North Coastal Area 56 8. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Unbroken Records of Ten Years or Longer, North Coastal Area 60 9. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, North Coastal Area 62 10. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, North Coastal Area 63 11. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at Five Stations, North Coastal Area 66 12. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands 1897-98 to 1946-47, North Coastal Area 67 13. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Runoff for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, North Coastal Area 72 14. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Run- off of Streams for Which There are no Records, North Coastal Area 78 15. Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, From Main Stream and Tributary Basins for Which Records are Available, North Coastal Area 80 16. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, North Coastal Area 93 17. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters From Supplies of Five North Coastal Municipalities, 1940 , 96 18. Areas of Drainage Basins, San Francisco Bay Area 98 19. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Unbroken Records of Ten Years or Longer, San Francisco Bay Area 101 20. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, San Francisco Bay Area_ 106 21. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, San Francisco Bay Area 107 22. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at Four Stations, San Francisco Bay Area ,. 110 23. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands, 1897-98 to 1946-47, San Francisco Bay Area 111 24. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Runoff for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, San Francisco Bay Area 116 25. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Runoff of Streams for Which There are no Records, San Francisco Bay Area 120 26. Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, From Main Stream and Tributary Basins for Which Records are Available, San Francisco Bay Area 121 27. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, San Francisco Bay Area 128 28. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters, San Francisco Bay Area 130 29. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters From Supplies of Four Municipalities In Alameda County 133 30. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters From Three Municipal Wells North of San Francisco Bay 133 31. Areas of Drainage Basins, Central Coastal Area 137 32. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Unbroken Records of Ten Years or Longer, Central Coastal Area 140 33. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, Central Coastal Area 144 34. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, Central Coastal Area 146 35. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at Four Stations, Central Coastal Area 151 36. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands, 1897-98 to 1946-47, Central Coastal Area 152 (6) TABLES— Continued Page 37. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Runoff for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, Central Coastal Area 156 38. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Runoff of Streams for Which There are no Records, Central Coastal Area 161 39. Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-67, From Main Stream and Tributary Basins for Which Records are Available, Central Coastal Area 163 40. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, Central Coastal Area 175 41. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters, Central Coastal Area 178 42. Areas of Drainage Basins, South Coastal Area 186 43. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Un- broken Records of Ten Years or Longer, South Coastal Area 192 44. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, South Coastal Area 220 45. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, South Coastal Area 223 46. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at Four Stations, South Coastal Area — 236 47. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands, 1897-98 to 1946-47, South Coastal Area 237 48. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Runoff for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, South Coastal Area 243 49. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Run- off of Streams for Which There are no Records, South Coastal Area 254 50. Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, From Main Stream and Tributary Basins for Which Records are Available, South Coastal Area 257 51. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, South Coastal Area 293 52. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters, South Coastal Area 297 53. Areas of Drainage Basins, Central Valley Area 309 54. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Un- broken Records of Ten Years or Longer, Central Valley Area 312 55. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, Central Valley Area 326 56. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, Central Valley Area 330 57. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at 19 Stations, Central Valley Area 338 58. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands, 1897-98 to 1946-47, Central Valley Area 342 59. Average Monthly Distribution of Average Seasonal Runoff for Three Central Valley Streams 348 60. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Run- off for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, Central Valley Area 349 61. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Run- off of Streams for Which There are no Records, Central Valley Area 406 62. Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, From Main Stream and Tributary Basins for Which Records are Available, Central Valley Area 408 63. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, Central Valley Area 466 64. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters, Central Valley Area 471 65. Areas of Drainage Basins, Lahontan Area 482 66. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Un- broken Records of Ten Years or Longer, Lahontan Area 485 67. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, Lahontan Area 489 68. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, Lahontan Area 490 69. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at Four Stations, Lahontan Area 493 70. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands, 1897-98 to 1946-47, Lahontan Area 494 71. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Runoff for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, Lahontan Area 499 72. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Run- off of Streams for Which There are no Records, Lahontan Area 509 73. Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, From Main Stream and Tributary Basins for Which Records are Available, Lahontan Area 511 74. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, Lahontan Area 521 (7) TABLES-Continued Page 75. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters, Lahontan Area 522 76. Areas of Drainage Basins, Colorado Desert Area 526 77. Mean, Maximum, and Minimum Seasonal Precipitation at Stations With Un- broken Records of Ten Years or Longer, Colorado Desert Area 528 78. Precipitation Stations With Continuous Recorders, Colorado Desert Area__ 529 79. Precipitation Stations With Records of Less Than Ten Years, Colorado Desert Area 530 80. Average Monthly Precipitation, and Maximum and Minimum Precipitation in Each Month for the Period of Record, at Four Stations, Colorado Desert Area 531 81. Estimated Mean Seasonal Precipitation on Valley and Mesa Lands, 1897-98 to 1946-47, Colorado Desert Area 532 82. Stream Gaging Stations, and Average, Maximum, and Minimum Runoff for Stations With Records of Ten Years or Longer, Colorado Desert Area 535 83. Estimated Mean Seasonal Natural Runoff, 1894-95 to 1946-47, Including Run- off of Streams for Which There Are No Records, Colorado Desert Area 536 84. Inorganic Analyses of Surface Waters, Colorado Desert Area 538 85. Inorganic Analyses of Ground Waters, Colorado Desert Area 540 PLATES CHAPTER II Plate Page 1. State of California } 2. Drainage Basins in California _ 1 Inside back cover 3. Geographical Distribution of Precipitation in California C (Isohyetal Map) ) CHAPTER IV 4. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, North Coastal Area 68 5. Smith River Flood Discharge near Crescent City — Klamath River Flood Dis- charge Between Copco and Somesbar 88 6. Shasta River Flood Discharge Near Yreka — Salmon River Flood Discharge Near Somesbar 89 7. Trinity River Flood Discharge at Lewiston — Trinity River Flood Discharge Near Hoopa 90 8. Eel River Flood Discharge at Van Arsdale Dam — Eel River Flood Discharge at Scotia 91 9. Russian River Flood Discharge at Guerneville — Noyo River Flood Discharge at Bridge 10 Near Fort Bragg 92 CHAPTER V 10. Portion of the San Francisco Bay Area bet. 96-97 11. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, San Francisco Bay Area 112 12. Alameda Creek Flood Discharge Near Niles — Coyote Creek Flood Discharge Near Madrone 127 CHAPTER VI 13. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Central Coastal Area 153 14. Arroyo Seco Flood Discharge Near Soledad — Salinas River Flood Discharge Near Spreckles 171 15. Cuyama River Flood Discharge Near Santa Maria — Santa Ynez River Flood Discharge Near Lompoc 172 CHAPTER VII 16. Los Angeles Coastal Plain, South Coastal Area bet. 184-185 17. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, South Coastal Area 239 18. Ventura River Flood Discharge Near Ventura — Piru Creek Flood Discharge Near Piru 272 19. Sespe Creek Flood Discharge Near Fillmore — Santa Paula Creek Flood Dis- charge Near Santa Paula 273 20. Pacoima Creek Flood Discharge Near San Fernando — Tujunga Creek Flood Discharge Near Sunland 274 (8) PLATES-Continued Page 21. Arroyo Seco Flood Discharge Near Pasadena — Eaton Creek Flood Discharge Near Pasadena 275 22. Little Santa Anita Creek Flood Discharge Near Sierra Madre — Santa Anita Creek Flood Discharge Near Sierra Madre 276 23. Sawpit Creek Flood Discharge Near Monrovia — Fish Creek Flood Discharge Near Duarte 277 24. Rogers Creek Flood Discharge Near Azusa — San Gabriel River Flood Dis- charge Near Azusa 278 25. Dalton Creek Flood Discharge Near Glendora — San Dimas Creek Flood Dis- charge Near San Dimas 279 26. San Jose Creek Flood Discharge Near Whittier — San Antonio Creek Flood Discharge Near Claremont 280 27. Lytle Creek Flood Discharge Near Fontana — Cajon Creek Flood Discharge Near Keenbrook 281 28. Devil Canyon Creek Flood Discharge Near San Bernardino — Waterman Creek Flood Discharge Near Arrowhead Springs 282 29. Strawberry Creek Flood Discharge Near Arrowhead Springs — City Creek Flood Discharge Near Highland 283 30. Plunge Creek Flood Discharge Near East Highland — Santa Ana River Flood Discharge Near Mentone 284 31. San Timoteo Creek Flood Discharge Near Redlands — San Jacinto River Flood Discharge Near San Jacinto 285 32. Temecula Creek Flood Discharge at Nigger Canyon — Temecula Creek Flood Discharge at Railroad Canyon 286 33. Santa Margarita River Flood Discharge Near Fallbrook — Santa Margarita River Flood Discharge at Ysidora 287 34. San Luis Rey River Flood Discharge at Lake Henshaw — San Luis Rey River Flood Discharge Between Lake Henshaw and Bonsall 288 35. Santa Ysabel Creek Flood Discharge Near Mesa Grande — San Dieguito River Flood Discharge at Hodges Dam 289 36. San Diego River Flood Discharge in Mission Gorge Near Santee — Sweetwater River Flood Discharge at Sweetwater Dam 290 37. Cottonwood Creek Flood Discharge at Barrett Dam 291 CHAPTER VII! 38. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Central Valley Area 343 39. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Central Valley Area 344 40. Hat Creek Flood Discharge Near Hat Creek — Pit River Flood Discharge at Big Bend 421 41. McCloud River Flood Discharge at Baird — Sacramento River Flood Discharge at Shasta Dam 422 42. Sacramento River Flood Discharge Near Red Bluff — Deer Creek Flood Dis- charge Near Vina 42 43. Stony Creek Flood Discharge Above Stony Gorge Reservoir — Stony Creek Flood Discharge Near Orland 424 44. North Fork Feather River Flood Discharge Near Prattville — Indian Creek Flood Discharge Near Crescent Mills 425 45. North Fork Feather River Flood Discharge at Big Bar — South Fork Feather River Flood Discharge at Enterprise 426 46. Middle Fork Feather River Flood Discharge at Bidwell Bar — Feather River Flood Discharge Near Oroville 427 47. North Fork Yuba River Flood Discharge Below Goodyear Bar — Rock Creek Flood Discharge at Goodyear Bar 428 48. Goodyear Creek Flood Discharge at Goodyear Bar — Oregon Creek Flood Discharge Near North San Juan 429 49. Middle Fork Yuba River Flood Discharge Near North San Juan — Yuba River Flood Discharge at Smartville 430 50. Bear River Flood Discharge Near Wheatland — Putah Creek Flood Discharge Near Winters ' 431 51. North Fork Cache Creek Flood Discharge Near Lower Lake — Cache Creek Flood Discharge at Yolo 432 52. North Fork American River Flood Discharge at North Fork Dam — Middle Fork American River Flood Discharge Near Auburn 433 53. Silver Fork of American River Flood Discharge Near Kyburz — South Fork American River Flood Discharge Near Kyburz 434 54. Alder Creek Flood Discharge Near Whitehall— Silver Creek Flood Discharge at Union Valley 435 55. South Fork Silver Creek Flood Discharge Near Icehouse — Silver Creek Flood Discharge Near Placerville 436 56. South Fork American River Flood Discharge Near Camino — American River Flood Discharge at Fair Oaks 437 (9) PLATES— Continued Page 57. Kern River Flood Discharge Above Salmon Creek Near Kernville — South Fork Kern River Flood Discharge Near Onyx 438 58. Kern River Flood Discharge Near Bakersfield — Deer Creek Flood Discharge Near Terra Bella 439 59. Tule River Flood Discharge Above South Fork Near Porterville — South Fork Tule River Flood Discharge Near Success 440 60. North Fork Kaweah River Flood Discharge at Kaweah — Kaweah River Flood Discharge Near Three Rivers 441 61. Kaweah River Flood Discharge at McKay Point — North Fork Kings River Flood Discharge Near Cliff Camp 442 62. Kings River Flood Discharge at Piedra — San Joaquin River Flood Discharge Above Big Creek 443 63. San Joaquin River Flood Discharge Near Friant — Fresno River Flood Dis- charge Near Knowles 444 64. Chowchilla River Flood Discharge at Buchanan Damsite — Merced River Flood Discharge at Happy Isles Bridge Near Yosemite 445 65. Tenaya Creek Flood Discharge Near Yosemite — Merced River Flood Dis- charge at Pohono Bridge Near Yosemite 446 66. Merced River Flood Discharge at Kittridge — Orestimba Creek Flood Dis- charge Near Newman 447 67. Falls Creek Flood Discharge Near Hetch Hetchy — Tuolumne River Flood Discharge Near Hetch Hetchy 448 68. Eleanor Creek Flood Discharge Near Hetch Hetchy — Cherry Creek Flood Discharge Near Hetch Hetchy 449 69. Middle Tuolumne River Flood Discharge at Oakland Recreation Camp — South Fork Tuolumne River Flood Discharge Near Oakland Recreation Camp 450 70. Tuolumne River Flood Discharge Near Buck Meadow — Woods Creek Flood Discharge Near Jacksonville 451 71. Tuolumne River Flood Discharge Above La Grange Dam Near La Grange — North Fork Stanislaus River Flood Discharge Near Avery 452 72. Middle Fork Stanislaus River Flood Discharge at Sandbar Flat Near Avery — Stanislaus River Flood Discharge Below Melones Powerhouse 453 73. Calaveras River Flood Discharge at Jenny Lind — North Fork Mokelumne River Flood Discharge Below Salt Springs Dam 454 74. Bear River Flood Discharge at Pardoe Camp — Middle Fork Mokelumne River Flood Discharge at West Point 455 75. South Fork Mokelumne River Flood Discharge Near West Point — South Fork Mokelumne River Flood Discharge Near Railroad Flat 456 76. South Fork Mokelumne River Flood Discharge Near Railroad Flat and Near West Point — Mokelumne River Flood Discharge Near Clements 457 77. North Fork Cosumnes River Flood Discharge Near Eldorado — Cosumnes River Flood Discharge at Michigan Bar 458 78. Kern River Snowmelt Runoff Near Bakersfield — Tule River Snowmelt Runoff Above South Fork Near Porterville : 459 79. Kaweah River Snowmelt Runoff Near Three Rivers — Kings River Snowmelt Runoff at Piedra 460 80. San Joaquin River Snowmelt Runoff Near Friant — Merced River Snowmelt Runoff at Exchequer 461 81. Tuolumne River Snowmelt Runoff Above La Grange Dam, Near La Grange — Stanislaus River Snowmelt Runoff Below Melones Powerhouse 462 82. Mokelumne River Snowmelt Runoff Near Clements 463 CHAPTER IX 83. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Lahontan Area 495 84. Truckee River Flood Discharge Between Lake Tahoe and Farad — East Fork Carson River Flood Discharge near Gardnerville 516 85. West Fork Carson River Flood Discharge at Woodfords — Mojave River Flood Discharge at Lower Narrows, Near Victorville 517 86. Truckee River Snowmelt Runoff Between Lake Tahoe and Farad — West Fork Carson River Snowmelt Runoff at Woodfords 518 87. West Walker River Snowmelt Runoff Below East Fork Near Coleville — Owens River Snowmelt Runoff Near Round Valley 519 CHAPTER X 88. Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Colorado Desert Area 533 (10) LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL CARL WARREN GOVERNOR STATE OF CALIFORNIA STATE WATER RESOURCES BOARD PUBLIC WORKS BUILDING SACRAMENTO 5. CALIFORNIA C A. GRIFFITH. Cha.rman. Azusa B. A. ETCHEVERRY. VICE CHAIRMAN. BERKELEY HOWARD F. COZZENS. SALINAS CLAIR A. HILL. REDDING R. V. MEIKLE. TURLOCK ROYAL MILLER. SACRAMENTO PHIL D. SWING, SAN OlECO A D. EDMONSTON, STATE ENGINEER SECRETARY ADDRESS ALL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE SECRETARY - Honorable Earl "Warren, Governor, and Members of the Legislature of the State of California Gentlemen : I have the honor to transmit herewith Bulletin No. 1 of the State Water Resources Board entitled ' ' Water Resources of Cali- fornia," as authorized by Chapter 1541, Statutes of 1947. Under provisions of the cited statute, the Legislature directed the State Water Resources Board to make an investigation of the water resources of California, and appropriated funds to the board to initiate the investigation. Accordingly, the board adopted a program of investi- gation and a budget at its regular meeting on September 5, 1947. Regular budgetary appropriations required for continuance of the work have subsequently been made by the Legislature through the Fiscal Year 1950-51. The investigation is being conducted by the Division of Water Resources of the Department of Public Works, under the direction of the State Water Resources Board. It is contemplated that results of the investigation will be presented in four bulletins, covering on a state- wide basis the subjects of water resources, water utilization and requirement, plans for development of water resources, and a summary report on The California Water Plan. Bulletin No. 1 comprises an inventory of the water resources of the State. It includes available basic data on precipitation, runoif, flood fre- quencies, and quality of surface and ground waters throughout California. Very truly yours, C. A. Griffith, Chairman (11) ACKNOWLEDGMENT Many public and private agencies and individuals contributed data presented in this bulletin or utilized in studies necessary for its prepa- ration. Particular acknowledgment is made to the Weather Bureau of the United States Department of Commerce and to the Topographic, Ground Water, and Water Resources Divisions of the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. The following additional agencies of the United States also fur- nished valuable data and assistance : Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army; Soil Conservation Service, Department of Agriculture ; Forest Service, Department of Agriculture ; Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior ; National Park Service, Department of the Interior ; Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior ; Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce ; International Boundary Commission ; Federal Power Commission. The following agencies of the State of California contributed mate- rially to this bulletin : Division of Highways, Department of Public Works ; Department of Public Health ; Division of Fish and Game, Department of Natural Resources ; Colorado River Board ; College of Agriculture, University of California. Cooperation was received from many counties, municipalities, pub- lic and private utilities, public districts, consulting engineers, private companies, and other agencies and individuals. The assistance of the agencies and individuals who furnished data, and those who later reviewed completed estimates, was invaluable in the prosecution of the investigation for this bulletin, and is gratefully acknowledged. (12) ORGANIZATION STATE WATER RESOURCES BOARD C. A. Griffith, Chairman, Azusa H. F. Cozzens, Salinas R. V. Meikle, Turloek B. A. Etcheverry, Berkeley Royal Miller, Sacramento Clair A. Hill, Redding Phil D. Swing, San Diego A. D. Edmonston, State Engineer Secretary and Engineer Sam R. Leedom, Administrative Assistant (13) ORGANIZATION STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS DIVISION OF WATER RESOURCES C. H. Purcell Director of Public Works A. D. Edmonston State Engineer P. H. Van Etten Assistant State Engineer This bulletin was prepared under the direction of T. R. Simpson Principal Hydraulic Engineer by Carl B. Meyer Supervising Hydraulic Engineer ASSISTANTS H. Searancke Supervising Hydraulic Engineer Robert 0. Thomas Senior Hydraulic Engineer Erwin Dames Associate Hydraulic Engineer William Durbrow, Jr Associate Hydraulic Engineer Herbert A. Howlett Associate Hydraulic Engineer Frederick A. Maynard Associate Hydraulic Engineer Jack H. Lawrence Associate Soil Technologist E. Philip Warren Assistant Statistician Ray N. Jansen Senior Delineator Frank Adams and Paul A. Ewing, Editorial Consultants Henry Holsinger, Principal Attorney T. R. Merry weather, Administrative Assistant (14) ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES In the three years that have elapsed since investigations leading up to this bulletin were authorized and initiated, several noteworthy changes have occurred in personnel and assignment of responsibilities. The State Water Resources Board, as appointed by Governor Earl Warren in 1945, consisted of Royal Miller, Chairman, H. F. Cozzens, B. A. Etcheverry, C. A. Griffith, R. V. Meikle, Lester S. Ready, and Phil D. Swing. Edward Hyatt, State Engineer, was Secretary and Engi- neer to the Board. The services of Mr. Ready to the Board and to the State of California were severed by his death on April 9, 1947. His position on the Board was filled by the Governor's appointment of Clair A. Hill on July 20, 1949. Mr. Miller resigned as Chairman on January 7, 1949, but has continued to serve as a board member under the chair- manship of Mr. Griffith. Mr. Hyatt retired from the State's service on January 31, 1950. Since that date, State Engineer A. D. Edmonston has served as Secretary and Engineer for the Board. Conduct of the State-wide Water Resources Investigation, includ- ing preparation of Bulletin No. 1, was under the direction of P. H. Van Etten, Principal Hydraulic Engineer of the Division of Water Resources, from the time of initiation of the investigation in 1947 until January 31, 1950, when he assumed the duties of Assistant State Engineer. T. R. Simpson, Principal Hydraulic Engineer, who had previously been in charge of technical phases, then assumed responsibility for direction of the investigation. Since Mr. Simpson's resignation from the Division of Water Resources on September 15, 1950, the investigation has been directed by W. L. Berry, Supervising Hydraulic Engineer. (15) STATE OF CALIFORNIA MAJOR HYDROGRAPHIC DIVISIONS 1. North Coastal Area 2. San Francisco Bay Area 3. Central Coastal Area 4. South Coastal Area 5. Central Valley Area 6. Lahontan Area 7. Colorado Desert Area ( 16 ) CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION WATER A MAJOR FACTOR IN CALIFORNIA ECONOMY Few convictions are more generally or more firmly fixed in the minds of the people of California than that our number one economic problem . is to put to best use our invaluable water supply. Previous investigations have shown that this supply is adequate for a population much larger than the present 10,500,000, and that with additional storage and redistribution of water, most of the agricultural lands of the State, except only some desert and higher areas, can be \ serviced for irrigation as our expanding economy and human require- ' ments justify the costs involved. Furthermore, without too great a sacri- fice of reasonable needs, our multiple uses of water for domestic and municipal consumption, for agriculture, industry, power, recreation, and wild life preservation can be so coordinated as to achieve maximum benefits for the largest number of people. This bulletin presents the first results of new studies, under direc- tion of the State Water Resources Board, aimed at a solution of this number one problem. It brings together in one volume the principal basic data regarding water in California that have been accumulated up to 1947, thereby becoming an inventory of the water resources of the State. Concurrently with preparation of this inventory, work has progressed on the other principal phases of the program : determination of present use of water and of ultimate water requirement, and formulation of "The California Water Plan" to meet that requirement. NEED FOR AN INVENTORY OF WATER RESOURCES Several inventories of the water resources of California have been made in the past, but succeeding years have added to the basic records and generally to the knowledge of the water resources of the State. It is for this reason and because planning for the future must start with a thorough understanding of the location, amount, and quality of the waters of the State, and of physical conditions which determine their occurrence and availability, that the State Water Resources Board was authorized by the Legislature to make this state-wide investigation. AUTHORITY AND FUNDS FOR INVESTIGATION The State Water Resources Act of 1945, as amended by Chapter 908, Statutes of 1947, invested in the State Water Resources Board broad powers to initiate and conduct investigations of the water resources of the State. Section 17 (a) of the amended act reads as follows: ' ' The Water Resources Board is authorized to conduct investi- gations of the water resources of the State ; to formulate plans for the control, conservation, protection, and utilization of such water resources, including solutions for the water problems of each portion of the State as deemed expedient and economically feasible ; and to render reports thereon. ' ' (17) I 18 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Chapter 1541, Statutes of 1947, appropriated $140,000 to the board for expenditure during the Fiscal Year 1947-48 in conducting investiga- tions and otherwise carrying out the provisions of the State Water Resources Act. The Budget Acts of 1948, 1949, and 1950 made appropria- tions for continuance of the investigation and for preparation of reports. HISTORY OF WATER DEVELOPMENT IN CALIFORNIA History of the use of water in California starts with the Spanish missions in the final third of the Eighteenth Century. Profiting by their experience in arid Baja California, the padres established most of the Alta California missions where water for irrigation was available. Except for some small Indian cultivations along the west bank of the Colorado River, it was in the mission "gardens" of fruits and vegetables, and perhaps in occasional fields of grain, that irrigation in California had its beginnings. Even yet, a century and a half later, remnants of mission works to supply irrigation and domestic water may be seen, notably at San Diego Mission Dam on San Diego River and at Santa Barbara Mis- sion Dam and Reservoir above Santa Barbara. Acreage irrigated at the Spanish missions was small, yet it pro- vided an important object lesson for American and European settlers who began arriving in California in the 1830 's and 1840 's. During the first two decades of American occupation, from 1850 to 1870, settlers in the southern part of California built small ditches from streams of the Coastal Plain, mainly in the San Gabriel and Santa Ana Basins. In the northern and central parts of the State water was also diverted from streams, obtained from artesian flows, and to a limited extent was pumped from streams, with steam-driven pumps. In the Sierra Nevada foothills water was acquired from mining ditches, irriga- tion being accelerated by the expansion in population that accompanied and followed the Gold Rush. The first irrigation was from nearby streams, without storage, and lands irrigated were limited to those that could be watered from low summer flows. In the southern part of California, however, the need for storage reservoirs was early recognized and several important dams, including Bear Valley, Hemet, Sweetwater, and Cuyamaca, were con- structed or begun in the 1880 's. In the remainder of the State, on the other hand, all major storage reservoirs primarily for irrigation have been provided since 1900. A number of these, such as Melones, Don Pedro, and Exchequer, were made feasible only by the power to be devel- oped with the water stored. Early irrigators following Spanish and Mexican days were mainly individuals. By 1856, however, a ' ' commercial' ' company had con- structed canals to irrigate wheat near Woodland in Yolo County, and about that time groups of settlers were joining together to build ditches in the south. Construction of larger irrigation works by development companies and cooperatives was well under way by the 1870 's and 1880 's, both in the southern part of the State and in the central and southern parts of San Joaquin Valley. In 1887, the original Wright Irrigation District Act was passed by the Legislature. By following the general pattern of this act, the principal irrigation expansion in California has been accomplished during the past 30 or 40 years. Owing largely to authority granted by the Legislature to irrigation and similar districts WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 19 MISSION DAM ON SAN DIEGO RIVER ( U. S. Bureau of Reclamation Photo) SHASTA DAM AND RESERVOIR ON SACRAMENTO RIVER 20 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA to finance, construct, and operate irrigation works, and also because of the activities of many individuals, cooperatives, and water utilities, irrigated acreage of California has increased to some 6,000,000 acres. Ground waters have been extensively tapped for irrigation, as well as for domestic and municipal uses. Improvement of pumping equip- ment, and extension of electric power service generally over important ground water basins, have so stimulated development that in some of these basins ground waters have been overdrawn. Serious losses have already resulted and more will follow unless corrective measures are taken, either by adjusting draft to natural underground supply, or by providing replenishment of that supply or supplemental surface water. Underground sources furnished about half of the domestic, municipal, industrial, and irrigation water in California in 1949. Advances in the use of water in other fields have also been striking. Hydroelectric power, first developed in California in 1893, constitutes approximately half of the presently installed power capacity in the State. Water supplies for municipalities, initially secured locally, are now in some cases being brought great distances. Outstanding illustra- tions are the aqueducts importing Sierra Nevada water to San Francisco and its environs, to the East Bay cities and to Los Angeles, and the conduit bringing Colorado River water to Los Angeles and the other communities constituting the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. During the last 20 years federal agencies have entered the field of water resource development in California in a large way in the financing and construction of projects for water conservation, irrigation, naviga- tion, and flood control, and for the protection of wild life. Both the Corps of Engineers of the Department of the Army and the Bureau of Reclama- tion of the Department of the Interior have outlined comprehensive pro- posals, some of which have been authorized, with construction of several under way. The most extensive federal project now under construction is the Central Valley Project, which is being built in substantial accord with the State Water Plan referred to later in this chapter. Progress in the use of water in California has been made despite two incompatible doctrines governing rights to the use of water in surface streams, those of appropriative and of riparian rights. A similar conflict has been encountered in rules applicable to ground water, between the overlying right, formulated by analogy to the riparian right, and appro- priation. Recognition of pueblo rights is based on terms of the treaty with Mexico when Alta California was acquired by the United States, but such rights are now exercised only by Los Angeles and San Diego. The appropriation doctrine in its generally accepted form originated in this State in the early mining customs. These were recognized by the courts, but the earliest statute sanctioning this doctrine was enacted March 21, 1872. (Cal. Civ. Code, Sees. 1410-1422). Prior to December 19, 1914, an appropriative water right could be established in California either by actual diversion and application of the water to beneficial use, or by posting a notice at the point of diversion and recording the notice with the county recorder, followed by diligence in construction and appli- cation of the water to beneficial use. Since that date an appropriative right to water, other than percolating ground water, must be initiated by filing an application with the Division of Water Resources of the State WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 21 Department of Public Works, pursuant to Divisions 1 and 2 of the State Water Code (formerly the Water Commission Act). In contrast with either a riparian right to surface water or an overlying right to ground water, an appropriative right is created by use and is lost by nonuse. The opposing riparian doctrine as now established in California con- sists of the old common law rule, as modified by California court decisions, and particularly by Section 3 of Article XIV of the State Constitution adopted in 1928, and decisions following and applying it. Under this doctrine, a riparian landowner is entitled to a reasonable use of water correlative with all other riparian owners bordering on the same stream, lake, or watercourse, except that all the water may be consumed by an upper riparian owner if necessary for domestic use. The State Supreme Court in a line of decisions between 1886, Lux v. Haggin and 1927 Herm- inghaus v. Southern California Edison Co., vacillated between strict application and liberalization of the old common law rule. The harsh con- struction of the rule in the latter case brought about a general demand for modification. The result was adoption of the constitutional amend- ment of 1928. This amendment, which has repeatedly been upheld by the courts of the State, imposed reasonable and beneficial use on riparian as well as other water users. It provides as follows : "Sec. 3. It is hereby declared that because of the conditions prevailing in this State the general welfare requires that the water resources of the State be put to beneficial use to the fullest extent of which they are capable, and that the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use of water be prevented, and that the con- servation of such waters is to be exercised with a view to the reason- able and beneficial use thereof in the interest of the people and for the public welfare. 1 1 The right to water or to the use or flow of water in or from any natural stream or water course in this State is and shall be limited to such water as shall be reasonably required for the beneficial use to be served, and such right does not and shall not extend to the waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable method of use or unreasonable method of diversion of water. Riparian rights in a stream or water course attach to, but to no more than so much of the flow thereof as may be required or used consistently with this section, for the pur- pose for which such lands are, or may be made adaptable, in view of such reasonable and beneficial uses ; provided, however, that nothing herein contained shall be construed as depriving any riparian owner of the reasonable use of water of the stream to which his land is riparian under reasonable methods of diversion and use, or of depriv- ing any appropriator of water to which he is lawfully entitled. This section shall be self -executing, and the Legislature may also enact laws in the furtherance of the policy in this section contained. ' ' In 1935, the Supreme Court of California in the case of Peabody v. City of Yallejo, 2 Cal.2d 351, fully approved and upheld the constitu- tional amendment, saying in part as follows : ' ' The limitations and prohibitions of the constitutional amend- ment now apply to every water right and every method of diversion. Epitomized the amendment declares: "1. The right to the use of water is limited to such water as shall be reasonably required for the beneficial use to be served. 22 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 2. Such right does not extend to the waste of water. 3. Such right does not extend to unreasonable use or unreason- able method of use or unreasonable method of diversion of water. "4. Eiparian rights attach to, but to no more than so much of the flow as may be required or used consistently with this section of the Constitution. ' ' The foregoing mandates are plain, they are positive, and admit of no exception. They apply to the use of all water, under whatever right the use may be enjoyed. The problem is to apply these rules in the varying circumstances of cases as they arise." During the last few years quality of water has become a matter of vital concern to some areas of the State. It has long been common practice to discharge various sewage and industrial wastes into water sources and onto the land, thereby often impairing the quality of surface and ground water supplies. Local communities have made some efforts to cope with the problems thus created, but without great success. The need for effec- tive action was finally brought sharply into focus by the tremendous expansion in industrial development during and since World War II. An increase in population of about 4,000,000 in the last decade intensi- fied pollution damage, and the ever increasing threat to the quality of their water supplies became a matter of grave anxiety to water users. As a result, under provisions of a series of laws enacted by the Legislature in 1949, the State has recognized the continuing threat of water pollution and assumed responsibility for maintaining the quality of its water resources. These acts created nine regional water pollution control boards and one state board, and endowed them with broad powers to control water pollution. THE CALIFORNIA WATER PROBLEM The over-all water problem of California is made up of many inter- related problems, some of which are mainly local while others are state- wide in implication. Prior to the time when the southern part of Cali- fornia had to turn to the Colorado River, and until rapidly receding ground waters in southern San Joaquin Valley brought about initiation of the Central Valley Project, water needs were met in most instances by some form of local action. It is now generally realized, however, that a greater measure of state leadership and participation in planning and construction is required if the water resources of California are to be properly controlled and utilized to meet rapidly increasing needs of the people. From a state-wide point of view, redistribution of the water supply from areas of surplus to areas of deficiency provides the greatest chal- lenge, especially in the northern and central portions of California. About two-thirds of the water is in the northern third of the State, whereas the greater demands — agricultural, industrial, and municipal — are in the central and southern portions. The solution of such a geographical prob- lem must involve transportation and exchange of water, generally from north to south. It must include construction of surface storage reservoirs and utilization of the great ground water storage capacity of the valleys for regulating stream flow. Multiple-purpose basin and trans-basin devel- opments will be required, involving many complex technical, financial, WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 23 and legal problems. There must be increased development and transmis- sion of hydroelectric power for project purposes and to help meet growing demands for electric energy. Solution of the problems of flood control involves construction of detention reservoirs, levees, revetments, and by-pass channels. In many situations flood control and conservation works can be combined, but even where this is possible complete flood control may require additional separate works. In the Central Valley, conserva- tion features will provide a substantial measure of salinity control, as well as improvements to navigation. On many if not most streams of the State, water conservation will contribute to recreation, support of fish and wild life, and other beneficial uses. These in broad outline are the elements of the California Water Problem. A century of experience in California has demonstrated that growth and development of the State depend on the adequacy and economical utilization of its water supply. The California Water Plan to be set forth in State Water Resources Board Bulletin No. 3 will furnish a pattern to meet that need. Its implementation will provide a truly comprehensive and coordinated development of this great and most vital resource. How- ever, as the future unfolds and conditions change, planning must con- tinue. PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS The first broad investigation of the irrigation problem of California was made by a board of commissioners on "The Irrigation of the San Joaquin, Tulare, and Sacramento Valleys of the State of California, " published by the House of Representatives in 1874 as Ex. Doc. No. 290, Forty-third Congress, First Session. It outlined a hypothetical irrigation system for the San Joaquin, Tulare, and Sacramento Valleys. Other investigations by federal and state agencies followed during the next several decades, the most noteworthy of which were by Wm. Ham. Hall, State Engineer from 1878 to 1889. His reports contain meteorological and stream flow data, with notes on irrigation, drainage, and flood con- trol, all of which proved of great value in planning water developments in the years that followed. The most comprehensive recent investigations of the water resources of California were those by the State Engineer under authority of acts of the Legislature in 1921, 1925, and 1929. First reports of these investiga- tions were presented in Division of Engineering and Irrigation bulletins Nos. 4, 5, and 6, and in Division of Water Resources bulletins Nos. 9, 12, 13, 14, and 20. A report giving results of subsequent investigations and outlining revised proposals was published in 1930 as Division of Water Resources Bulletin No. 25. This was entitled "Report to Legislature of 1931 on State Water Plan." It outlined a coordinated plan for conserva- tion, development, and utilization of the water resources of California. The plan was approved and adopted by the Legislature by Chapter 1185, Statutes of 1941, and designated the "State Water Plan." The State Water Plan was amended by Chapter 329, Statutes of 1945, which elimi- nated the proposed Trinity River Diversion. Division of Water Resources bulletins Nos. 26, 27, 28, 29, and 31 outlined in greater detail project plans for coordinated development of the water resources of the Central Valley, and for water conservation and flood control in the Santa Ana River Basin. Bulletins Nos. 34, 35, and 36 dealt with collateral matters of water charges and costs and rates of irrigation development. Bulletin • 24 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA No. 31 discussed briefly the plans for diversion and transmission of Colorado River water to the South Coastal Basin under the project of the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. OBJECTIVE OF STATE-WIDE WATER RESOURCES INVESTIGATION Although investigations that led to the State Water Plan were con- ceived as comprehensive and state-wide, they were never completed in that pattern. All phases were not considered for certain areas of the State, and important projects were omitted and left for future study. Further- more, although adopted by the Legislature in 1941, the plan was formu- lated in 1930 and was based on investigations and studies conducted in the preceding decade. Since 1930 the population of California has almost doubled, and the need for flood control, water conservation, and power has more than kept pace with population and industrial growth. Objective of the current state-wide water resources investigation is, therefore, the preparation of a revised and more complete plan for the fullest conservation, control, and utilization of the water resources of California, both surface and underground, to meet present and future water needs for all beneficial purposes and uses in all areas of the State, so far as is practicable. This plan has been designated ' ' The California Water Plan." SCOPE OF BULLETIN The present bulletin — the first of four to be concerned with prepara- tion of the California Water Plan — comprises an inventory of the water resources of the State. As the state-wide water resources investigation progresses, this bulletin will be followed by others concerned with present utilization and ultimate water requirement in California, the California Water Plan for development of the water resources of the State to meet the ultimate requirement, and finally a summary of the earlier bulletins and restatement of the California Water Plan. This bulletin outlines and describes the drainage basins of California by major hydrographic areas, with a summary of ''mountain and foot- hill" and "valley and mesa" lands. It discusses conditions relating to precipitation and runoff, on a state-wide basis, and contains estimates of the probable frequency of floods on principal streams. Since this bulletin comprises an inventory of the water resources of the State, it includes available records of precipitation and runoff at most stations or points of measurement, and records or estimates of the natural flow of streams of all drainage basins. Finally, it summarizes available data regarding quality and suitability for beneficial uses of both the surface and under- ground waters of California. Consideration is given to the principal sources of ground waters of the State. These consist of surface inflow from mountain and foothill lands tributary to ground water basins, and precipitation on valley and mesa lands overlying the basins. However, subsurface inflow from tribu- tary drainage basins is not included in the present inventory. Subsurface inflow is known to be locally significant in certain underground basins, but in most tributary drainage areas the soil mantle is either nonwater- bearing, or too thin to transmit appreciable subsurface flow. On a state- wide basis, the aggregate of such flow is small compared with recharge of ground water basins from surface runoff and from precipitation on over- lying lands. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 25 RELATED SUBJECTS For reasons later indicated, certain subjects relating in various degree to the water resources of California have been excluded from the scope of this bulletin. The relatively large water storage capacity of valley fills in Cali- fornia comprises one of the more important natural resources of the State, its great value stemming from its natural regulation and conser- vation of precipitation and runoff. However, ground water storage capacity in itself is not an additional water resource, and has not been evaluated in the present inventory. It is briefly discussed in the ensuing section, ' ' Natural Regulation of Water Resources. ' ' Recent technological advances have called attention to sea water conversion and to cloud seeding as possible means of adding to the water resources of California. Similarly, reclamation of sewage and waste waters for beneficial use, which already has been accomplished in certain instances, is under discussion and investigation. Possible augmentation of the water resources of the State by these methods has not been con- sidered in the present inventory. However, the three methods are briefly discussed in ensuing sections, and a tentative evaluation of potential reclamation of sewage and waste water is contained in an appendix to this bulletin. Natural Regulation of Water Resources The extensive ground water basins of California provide natural regulation for runoff from tributary mountain and foothill drainage areas, and for precipitation directly on overlying mesa and valley floor lands. More than half of the State 's water presently utilized on irrigated lands, and for domestic, municipal, and industrial purposes, is regulated in ground water basins. Additional natural regulation of water resources would be provided if presently unused ground water storage capacity were utilized to the full extent of safe yield of the ground water basins. Furthermore, as additional surface water supplies are developed and made available for storage in ground water basins, safe yield of the underground reservoirs will be increased. Under ultimate development of water resources in the State, the maximum amount of firm water could be made available on demand through operation of surface reservoirs on an average yield basis in conjunction with cyclic underground storage. Such coordinated operation would necessitate an adequate supply of energy to pump ground water in a series of dry years. Usability of a ground water basin as a natural regulator of water resources is dependent upon method and rate of replenishment of stored water, as well as extraction from the basin for beneficial use. The largest bodies of usable ground water storage capacity in California are in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys in the Central Valley Area. Other important natural regulators of lesser magnitude are those in Santa Clara, Napa, Santa Rosa, and Livermore Valleys, and the Niles Cone in the San Francisco Bay Area ; the Pajaro, Salinas, Santa Maria, and Santa Ynez River Basins in the Central Coastal Area ; the Ventura, Santa Clara, Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana River Basins in the South Coastal Area; Antelope, Owens, and Mojave Valleys in the Lahontan Area ; and the Coachella Valley in the Colorado Desert Area. 26 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Results of cooperative ground water investigations in California conducted by the United States Geological Survey and the Department of Engineering of the State of California were published in a series of Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers between 1901 and 1924. Several investigations have been made by the State Division of Water Resources and its statutory predecessors to determine storage capacity of various ground water basins of the State within limited ranges below ground surface. Ground water investigational work in California was resumed by the United States Geological Survey in 1948, in cooperation with the State Water Resources Board and the Department of Public Works, as a phase of the current State-wide Water Resources Investigation. Geologic features of ground water basins are being appraised by the Geological Survey in areas where little or inadequate information exists relative to natural regulation of water resources. Such work has been completed in the Sacramento Valley, and is in progress in the North Coastal Area and the west side of the San Joaquin Valley. A summary statement by the United States Geological Survey of an unpublished report on ground water storage capacity of the Sacra- mento Valley, made pursuant to the recent cooperative agreement with the State, appears as an appendix to this bulletin. Further results of the cooperative geological investigations of ground water basins, and a com- prehensive appraisal of natural regulation of water resources in Cali- fornia, will be presented in subsequent bulletins containing results of the State-wide Water Resources Investigation. Sea Wafer Conversion There has been speculation in some quarters since World War II relative to the possibility that sea water conversion might add to the California fresh water supply. The two presently known methods of conversion involve chemical precipitation and distillation, respectively. Various agencies including the Federal Government are conducting research on this subject. Engineering and economic feasibility of sea water conversion on a scale sufficient to be of significance as a source of water supply for Cali- fornia has not been demonstrated. Furthermore, even though costs were substantially reduced so as to compete with available alternate water sources, areas where sea water conversion might be undertaken probably would be limited to those adjacent to the southern coast of California, where growing demands are already large and limited local water sup- plies are approaching full development. For these reasons, sea water conversion has not been considered in the inventory of the water resources of California, and is not included in the scope of this bulletin. However, a brief discussion of the subject is contained in the following paragraphs. One handicap to sea water conversion is the relatively high cost of desalting and conveying the water from sea level to place of water demand. In order for conversion to be feasible, such cost must be reduced sufficiently to compete with salvage of fresh water surpluses wasting to the ocean. In this connection, mean runoff of fresh water into the Pacific Ocean in the area extending from the Smith River on the north to the Santa Ynez on the south is relatively large, and surface reservoir sites WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 27 and ground water basins are available for development to conserve a sub- stantial portion of such runoff . An important phase of sea water conversion is the power needed for its accomplishment. Firm water from this source in quantity com- mensurate with requirements would call for a large and unfailing supply of power. Hence the question arises as to the advisability of depleting oil and natural gas resources of the State for such purpose. No surplus hydro- electric power is now available, and none is likely to be available in the future. Harnessing of other possible power sources such as wind, tides, or solar or nuclear energy on an economic basis seems only remotely possible. Other obstacles encountered in sea water conversion include cor- rosion of equipment and the excessive scale-forming property of sea water. These and the other difficulties eliminate sea water conversion from present consideration as a solution of the California water problem. Cloud Seeding Cloud seeding, or ' ' milking, ' ' to produce precipitation or to dissipate threatening hailstorms and downpours has been undertaken by several agencies in different parts of the United States since World War II with rather impressive results. In some experiments clouds were bombed with dry ice and strafed with silver iodide from a plane flying in and over the clouds. In New Mexico experiments were made on the ground by feeding silver iodide into a hydrogen flame that burned at about 2500 degrees F. It is claimed the invisible silver iodide vapor makes nuclei around which raindrops and snowflakes are formed. It appears that dry ice and silver iodide are effective only on clouds that are supercooled, but, except in winter, such clouds are scarce in Cali- fornia. In the Rogue River Valley in Oregon a new substance, designated "Element X, ' ' was used in the summer of 1949 in an effort to control hail damage to fruit crops by dissipating storm clouds en route to the area. It is claimed that Element X works on "hot clouds," where dry ice and silver iodide would be ineffective. In 1950 New Mexico inaugurated at the School of Mines in Socorro the first state-fostered rainmaking study project. Objective of the study is to determine the relative effectiveness and stability of several cloud- seeding materials, and to find methods of dispersing such materials that might spread great distances and cause damage. The State Water Resources Board believes that exploration of this new field of activity has reached a stage where it should receive official recognition and the aid, protection, and supervision of the State. Reclamation of Sewage and Waste Waters Study of large scale sewage reclamation in California is a relatively new field in which advances are being made, particularly in the San Francisco Bay and South Coastal Areas. The term "sewage," as herein used, is defined as liquid wastes flowing in sewers from residences, busi- ness buildings, institutions, and industrial establishments, with such ground, surface, and storm waters as may be admitted to or find their way into the sewers. Many sewage treatment plants are so designed as to be capable of converting sewage into a stable, inoffensive, and sterile effluent. How- ever, knowledge of the quality and quantity of sewage available for 28 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA reclamation is necessary for planning and designing the various features of the reclamation process. Domestic sewage may be of sufficiently good mineral quality to be reclaimable for irrigation and industrial uses. By contrast, sewage containing certain industrial wastes may be highly mineralized and not acceptable for irrigation. Mineral solubles from industrial sources are especially harmful when composed of high salt concentrations. Investigation of the feasibility of reclaiming and utilizing sewage is recognized as a phase in planning for complete or ultimate develop- ment of the water resources of California. However, because of presently unsolved problems in the reclamation and utilization process, and lack of reliable data on quantity of sewage available and its quality, sewage has not been considered in this bulletin as a primary water resource of the State. Tentative evaluations of potential sources of reclaimable sewage and waste waters in the San Francisco Bay and South Coastal Areas, with respect to both quantity and quality, are included in this bulletin as Appendix A, ' ' Reclamation of Sewage and Waste "Waters. ' ' Flow data presented are limited to total quantities measured or estimated at points of outfall to San Francisco Bay or the Pacific Ocean, and in all cases per- tain to dry weather flow exclusive of storm waters. Disposal of sewage onto lands overlying underground basins and into inland streams augments ground water replenishment and stream flow. Sewage so disposed of is generally recoverable for re-use by natural processes of reclamation, and is not considered in Appendix A. CHAPTER II. SUMMARY The purpose of this chapter is to outline the nature of the investiga- tion reported, to describe briefly the physical conditions that govern occurrence, quantity, and quality of the water resources of California, and to summarize for the State as a whole, statistical and other informa- tion presented and discussed by major hydrographic Areas in succeeding chapters. Plate 1, "Map of California," has been included to assist in following the presentation. It has been placed inside the back cover for convenience of use. MAJOR HYDROGRAPHIC AREAS The State has been divided into seven Areas, numbered from 1 to 7, which generally coincide with major hydrographic divisions. The por- tion of the State included within each Area and the names by which the Areas are designated are : 1. North Coastal Area. Lower Klamath Lake and Lost River Basins, and all basins draining into the Pacific Ocean from the California- Oregon state line southerly to the northern boundary of Lagunitas Creek Basin in Marin County. 2. San Francisco Bay Area. All basins draining into San Fran- cisco, San Pablo, and Suisun Bays, and into Sacramento River down- stream from Collinsville ; "Winter and Browns Islands in Contra Costa County ; basins west of the eastern boundary of Kirker Creek Basin in Contra Costa County ; and basins directly tributary to the Pacific Ocean from the northern boundary of Lagunitas Creek Basin to the southern boundary of Pescadero Creek Basin, in San Mateo and Santa Cruz Counties. 3. Central Coastal Area. All basins draining into the Pacific Ocean from the southern boundary of Pescadero Creek Basin in Santa Cruz County, to the southeastern boundary of Rincon Creek Basin in the western part of Ventura County. 4. South Coastal Area. All basins draining into the Pacific Ocean from the southeastern boundary of Rincon Creek Basin to the California- Mexico boundary. 5. Central Valley Area. All basins draining into the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers above the eastern boundary of the San Fran- cisco Bay Area near Collinsville, including Goose Lake Basin in Modoc County. 6. Lahontan Area. All basins east of the Santa Ana and Los Angeles River Basins and all basins east of the Central Valley Area, between the California-Oregon boundary and the southern boundary of basins draining into Antelope Valley and Mojave River, and into Dry Lake Basin near the California-Nevada line north of Ivanpah. 7. Colorado Desert Area. All basins east of the South Coastal Area that drain into the Colorado River within California ; also Salton Sea Basin and local sinks between the southern boundary of the Lahontan Area and the California-Mexico boundary. (29) 30 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Portions of the State in the seven Areas have been segregated by drainage basins and sub-basins into ' ' mountain and foothill ' ' and ' ' valley and mesa ' ' lands, principally on the basis of topography. A summary of this segregation is contained in Table 1. Lands sloping less than 200 feet to the mile were classed as valley and mesa, and those with steeper slopes as mountain and foothill. Water areas within San Francisco, Humboldt, and San Diego Bays, and the portion of Lake Tahoe in California, have been included in adjacent land areas. Drainage basins of the State are delineated on Plate 2, "Drainage Basins in California," placed inside the back cover of this bulletin, and are described in Appendix C, "Descriptions of Drainage Basins. > > TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF "MOUNTAIN AND FOOTHILL" AND "VALLEY AND MESA" LANDS IN CALIFORNIA, BY MAJOR HYDROGRAPHIC AREAS Area 1. North Coastal, including Humboldt Bay (26 square miles). 2. San Francisco Bay, including islands and water surface in Bay (442 square miles) - 3. Central Coastal 4. South Coastal, including San Diego Bay (24 square miles). 5. Central Valley 6. Lahontan, including Lake Tahoe in California (136 square miles) 7. Colorado Desert Totals, including all lakes; Humboldt, San Francisco, and San Diego Bays; but not including islands in the Pacific Ocean Areas in square miles Mountain and foothill Valley and mesa Totals 16,965 2,621 19,586 2,674 1,735 4,409 9,147 2,137 11,284 7,924 3,031 10,955 36,374 23,050 59,424 23,012 9,895 32,907 9,929 9,801 19,730 106,025 52,270 158,295 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 31 SNOW SURVEYING IN THE SIERRA NEVADA 32 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PRECIPITATION Precipitation in California is mainly rain at lower elevations and snow at higher elevations. On rare occasions rain falls at elevations up to 8,000 feet, and snow that occasionally falls in valley areas is light and melts in a short time. At elevations above 5,000 feet snow usually remains until late spring and early summer, and its melt produces most of the sustained runoff from the higher basins. At lower elevations winter storms produce runoff that for the most part drains rapidly into stream channels. The general and over-all nature of the climate of California is the result of three controlling factors: The latitude, the influence of the Pacific Ocean, and the orientation and extreme range of the topography of the State. Situation of the Pacific high pressure area with respect to the California coast determines the general effect of Pacific storms upon the weather. Influence of the Pacific Ocean gives the immediate coastal areas a true maritime climate, the prevailing westerly winds in their long track over the water being modified to maritime air masses. However, the unusually wide variations and abrupt discontinuities in the climatic fac- tors of California are due principally to the influence of mountain ranges. Storms While the major controlling factor of the climate of California is the topography of the State, the location and intensity of the semiperma- nent high pressure area of the eastern Pacific Ocean also exercises con- siderable control over the weather, particularly in northern and central California. The permanence of the high is more statistical than practical, but the center can normally be found in the region between 140 degrees and 150 degrees west longitude and 30 degrees to 40 degrees north lati- tude. In summer months this high pressure area moves northeastward and extends over northern California and Nevada. The resulting diver- gent air movement over most of the State is the primary cause of the rain- less summer months. As winter approaches, the high retreats southward, and low pressure areas developing in the North Pacific Ocean are allowed to enter the coastline at more southerly latitudes. These storms and the associated frontal systems bring most of the precipitation to northern and central California. In addition to the Pacific storms, there are three other type storms of less frequent occurrence which principally affect the South Coastal, Lahontan, and Colorado Desert Areas. Degenerate tropical storms infre- quently move far enough north to affect southern California. These dis- turbances have been responsible for some of the historic local storms of this part of the State. Late summer rains in the Lahontan and Colorado Desert Areas occur as showers caused by solar heating of air masses and their orographic lifting over mountains. These are the so-called Sonora storms. Moisture for these showers is transported by the deep south- easterly wind current forming the western part of the North American high pressure area, found aloft in the summer over the southern part of the United States. These storms occasionally spill over into the South Coastal Area causing particularly heavy localized rainfall. The remain- ing storm type, often designated "Interior," develops in the Great Basin as a secondary wave. These disturbances do not move into California but i WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 33 are accompanied by a flow of moist, warm air from the southwest which causes widespread rain in southern California. Effect of Topography on Precipitation Topography is the most important influence in areal distribution of precipitation in California. This is shown on Plate 3, ' ' Geographical Dis- tribution of Precipitation in California, ' ' placed inside the back cover of this bulletin. The pattern of this map of lines of equal long-time mean precipitation in California reflects the topography of the State. Precipi- tation is pronounced on the windward side of the coastal ranges due to lifting of the moisture-bearing winds over the mountains. The Central Valley to the east of the coastal ranges has a drier, continental climate, but the western slope of the Sierra Nevada is a region of normally heavy precipitation. These latter mountains lie across the path followed by moist air in moving inland, and reach a much higher elevation than the coastal ranges. In crossing the Sierra Nevada, air masses have practically all their available moisture precipitated on the windward side, leaving very little for the Lahontan Area and the vast areas of the Great Basin. Owing to the maritime influence on the west and the mountain bar- rier on the north and east, the South Coastal Area has one of the most equable climates in the United States. The Lahontan and Colorado River Areas to the east, however, are extremely dry, with large ranges in tem- perature. Major state- wide storms in California result when the deep south- west wind current in the warm sector of a Pacific storm is superimposed upon the topography. The amount of precipitation at a certain station from any particular storm is influenced by elevation, shape and steepness of slopes, direction of slopes in relation to moisture-bearing winds, wind gradient, length of time critical flow is sustained, and thermodynamics of the air mass. However, the long-time mean isohyetal map for most of California is an image of the topography. Precipitation Records Records of precipitation in California have been kept for many years by the United States Weather Bureau and its predecessor, the Army Sig- nal Corps. These records were begun at Sacramento and San Francisco in 1849, and at San Diego in 1850. The number of precipitation stations has gradually increased until records from about 800 stations are now published by the Weather Bureau. Unbroken records for a number of sta- tions extend back 65 or more years, but at a few of the older stations the records have been discontinued. Also available are unpublished records of precipitation kept by various agencies and individuals. Since precipitation is the source of all water supplies, an inventory of precipitation records is an integral part of a water resources investi- gation. Available precipitation records for the State have been assembled and are included in appropriate succeeding chapters. An alphabetical list of California precipitation stations, divided into stations with records of 10 years or longer and those with shorter records appears as Appendix B, "Alphabetical List of Precipitation Stations." Precipitation records included in chapters dealing with the seven major hydrographic areas have also been divided into those of 10 years or longer, and those of less than 10 years. It is believed that reliable esti- mates of long-time mean precipitation can be made for only those stations 2—27922 34 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA o 0$ 3 § to M o > H w « i o rH H w « W H ^ourse of the present investigation all methods heretofore mentioned were applied, in order to determine which might be most suitable for California conditions. Thorough study indicated that the California method would give the most satisfactory results, and it was used exclusively in flood-frequency analyses presented in this bulletin. In this method the frequency of occurrence of each flood is calculated by the equation : ., _ „ ^ 100 m F = - y in which "F" is the number of times a given flood will be equalled or exceeded in 100 years, "m" is the numerical position of the flood when all floods considered are listed in order of decreasing magnitude, and "y" is the number of years in the record. Flood-frequency data presented in this bulletin are in the form of curves drawn on logarithmic paper, as illustrated by the accompanying curves for the Arroyo Seco near Pasadena. From these curves, probable magnitude of a flood of a given frequency, expressed as second-feet of daily mean flow per square mile, can readily be estimated. A curve cutting the 10-ordinate line indicates a probable frequency of occurrence of 10 times in 100 years, or one time in 10 years. If it cuts WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 51 the 1-ordinate line, the indicated probable frequency is one time in 100 years. Reading upward from the 1-ordinate, the ordinate lines decrease by tenths, as 0.9, 0.8, 0.7, 0.6, 0.5 and 0.4. The 0.4-ordinate (top line) indicates a probable frequency of 0.4 times in 100, or four times in 1,000, or one time in 250 years. The abscissa on the graphs expresses the rate of daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile. Reading from left to right, the first curve is that of a five-day flood ; the second, a three-day flood ; the third, a two- day flood ; and the last, a one-day flood. Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per squc 10 ire mile 00 1C 100 / / 7Z JZ / / ' / / / / 1 I ill • D > i / * 6 f * J * '■*■/ A • » < 7 * o 1 .EG EN D *s r i > 1 day Rood ► 2.day flood > 3 day Rood - ► 5 day flood . 1 e * i^ . jC ** ARROYO SECO FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR PASADENA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 16 SQUARE MILES' Using the Arroyo Seco near Pasadena as an example, interpretation of the graphs is as follows : The first curve, for the five-day flood, shows flow at a rate of approximately 135 second-feet per square mile for a probable frequency of once in 250 years. For a frequency of once in 100 years the indicated flow is 110 second-feet per square mile, and for a frequency of 5 times in 100 years, or once in 20 years, it is 60 second-feet per square mile. Similarly, the one-day curve shows 325 second-feet per square mile for a probable frequency of once in 250 years, 260 second- feet for a frequency of once in 100 years, and 140 second-feet for a fre- quency of once in 20 years. To obtain the total volume of a flood in second- foot days, it is necessary to multiply the scaled figure by duration of the flood in days, and by the drainage area in square miles. Expression of flood quantities in terms of units of discharge per square mile of drainage basin permits direct comparison of adjacent drainage basins, since areas of basins as components of magnitude have 52 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA been eliminated. However, this form of expression does not give a true measure of winter floods from drainage basins subject to substantial snow cover. Size of the area actually contributing to runoff will vary, depend- ing upon the extent and absorptive capacity of snow cover at the time of flood. Only limited information on snow cover and its effect on rain floods is available. For streams with flow records of 20 years or longer, analyses have been made and graphs prepared for 1-, 2-, 3-, 5- and 10-day floods in drainage basins throughout California embracing areas in excess of 1,000 square miles, and for all except 10-day floods in basins of less than 1,000- square miles. Floods of various durations were determined on the basis of the following criteria : (1) One-day Peak Flow. This is defined as a daily flow that was both preceded and followed by lower flows. However, if two or more consecutive daily flows were equal, that flow was considered the one-day peak flow if the series of equal daily flows was both preceded and followed by lower flows. (2) Multiple - day Peak Flow, (a) Moving totals of a sequence of daily flows may be obtained by subtracting flows of the first day from the summation of flows of " n " days, and adding flow of the day succeeding the ' ' nth ' ' day. The largest total flow for ' ' n ' ' days, over a given flood period determined by such moving totals, was taken as the ' ' n ' '-day peak flow of the flood. (b) If consecutive flood periods occurred with one or more days in common, only the larger flood was considered. (c) If one or more days included in a peak flow fell beyond the date arbitrarily set as the limit of the flood season, the flood was considered if the sum of daily flows within the season was greater than the sum of flows beyond the season. Flood-frequency data on rainwater floods as developed in the cur- rent investigation are presented on plates in succeeding chapters. Fre- quency data on volume of snow runoff, for the period from April 1st to July 31st, are presented only for the Central Valley and Lahontan Areas. QUALITY OF WATER Inorganic chemical analyses used in this bulletin for evaluating the quality of water resources were obtained from files and publications of the Division of Water Resources, the United States Department of Agri- 'culture, the United States Bureau of Reclamation, the United States Geological Survey, and the University of California. Analyses of munic- ipal supplies were also obtained from the California State Department of Public Health, from United States Department of Agriculture Tech- nical Bulletin 448, from the City and County of San Francisco, from the City of San Diego and from the Department of Water and Power of the City of Los Angeles. Principal bases in mineral constituents of natural water solubles are calcium, magnesium, and sodium. These occur almost entirely as bicarbonates, sulphates, chlorides, and nitrates. Boron, usually present in smaller amounts than the foregoing constituents, may be particularly WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 53 injurious in irrigation waters. All constituents, except boron, are expressed in this bulletin in milligram equivalents per liter (me/1). Elemental boron, if determined, and total mineral solubles are expressed in parts per million (ppm). The unit "milligram equivalents per liter" corresponds to equivalents per million (epm) when the specific gravity of water being analyzed is unity. For practical purposes, milligram equivalents per liter may be considered identical with equivalents per million in waters suitable for irrigation. Concentrations expressed in equivalents per million may be multiplied by the equivalent weight of the ion, to convert to parts per million. The equivalent weight is obtained by dividing the atomic or molecular weight by the valence. Specific electrical conductance is expressed in reciprocal ohms at 25° centigrade (K x 10 5 at 25° C), and indicates total dissolved electro- lytes in the water. An approximation of total milligram equivalents per liter of the anions, or of the bases, may be obtained by dividing specific electrical conductance by 10, and total solubles may be approximated by multiplying it by 7. Use of the latter multiple may assist in interpre- tation of water-analysis tables where total solubles are discussed but not given in the tables. Results of computations of the character formula and percent sodium of each analysis appear in succeeding chapters. The character formula of mineral solubles was computed by dividing the reacting value (milligram equivalents per liter) of each base by that of total bases, and each anion by total anions, and multiplying each result by 50. Each constituent in the character formula is expressed as a percentage, and the total is equal to 100 percent. Percent sodium was computed by divid- ing the sum of reacting values (milligram equivalents per liter) of cal- cium, magnesium, and sodium into that of sodium, and multiplying by 100. Although many analyses of water samples give the hydrogen ion concentration (pH), it is not included in data presented in this bulletin. The pH is usually not stable, and may change materially between time of collection and analysis of a sample if the period exceeds a few hours. For this reason, values shown in the laboratory may be misleading if imputed to the natural or inherent condition of the water source. Standards for Quality of Irrigation Water Frequent references are made in succeeding chapters to the suit- ability of particular waters for irrigation. To assist readers in interpret- ing water analyses given, from the standpoint of their suitability for irrigation, there is inserted the following statement by Dr. L. D. Doneen of the Irrigation Division of the University of California at Davis. "Because of diverse climatological conditions, crops, and soils in California, it has not been possible to establish rigid limits for all conditions involved. Instead, irrigation waters are divided into three broad classes based upon work done at the University of California, and at the Rubidoux and Regional Salinity laboratories of the U. S. Department of Agriculture. "Class 1. Excellent to Good. Regarded as safe and suitable for most plants under any condition of soil or climate. "Class 2. Good to Injurious. Regarded as possibly harmful for certain crops under certain conditions of soil or climate, particularly in the higher ranges of this class "Class 3. Injurious to Unsatisfactory. Regarded as probably harmful to most crops and unsatisfactory for all but the most tolerant. 54 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA "Tentative standards for irrigation waters have taken into account four factors or constituents, as listed below. QUALITATIVE CLASSIFICATION OF IRRIGATION WATERS Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Excellent Good to Injurious to Factor to good injurious unsatisfactory Conductance Less than 100 100-300 More than 300 (Kx 10 5 at25° C) Boron, ppm Less than 0.5 0.5-2.0 More than 2.0 Percent sodium Less than 60 60-75 More than 75 Chloride, me/? Less than 5 5-10 More than 10 "A chemical analysis of an irrigation water may include some or all of the following items : "Specific Electrical Conductance (K x 10 5 at 25°). This measures the elec- trical conductance of water. Addition of salt to the water increases its conductance. This unit is an excellent and rapid determination for obtaining an estimation of the total salt content, but does not give the individual salts that may predominate in a water. Another method of measuring total salts is to evaporate the water to dryness and weigh the residue, and the results are usually reported as total dissolved solids in parts per million (ppm). To make a rough estimate of the conductance from parts per million, divide by 7. "Boron. Boron is expressed as parts per million of the element, and is often not determined unless in an area where boron is suspected. "Percent Sodium. This is the proportion of the element to the total bases — that is, sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) found in the water. These bas^s are listed as the cations. Percent sodium is found by the formula , when Na + Ca + Mg these bases are expressed as milligram equivalents per liter. "Chloride (CI). This element is considered one of the most troublesome anions that normally occur in irrigation waters. Other anions which are usually determined in irrigation water are carbonate (C0 3 ), bicarbonate (HCOs), and sulfate (SOi). These last three anions are not usually considered extremely toxic to most plants unless in exceptionally high concentrations. The analyses for these are important in determining the type of salt occurring in the water. The sulfate anion is generally considered about half as toxic as the chloride ; therefore, plants tolerate about twice the concentration of sulfates as chlorides. If the total salts occur largely in the form of calcium sulfate (gypsum), the total salt value can be raised about 50 percent. "Recent investigations indicate waters containing sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate as the predominant salt may be more harmful than other sodium salts. The accumulation of sodium carbonate or bicarbonate (soda ash) in the surface soils produces a black alkali soil. "The cation sodium and anion chloride at relatively low concentrations in the soil, also, have been found toxic to some sensitive plants The accumulation of these elements in the soil from irrigation water should be considered, especially under con- ditions of restricted drainage and in areas of low rainfall." CHAPTER IV. NORTH COASTAL AREA This Area, designated Area No. 1 on Plate 2, embraces the region of heaviest annual rainfall in California lying along the north coast, but it extends nearly across the northern end of the State to include regions of much lighter precipitation. Several of the most northerly streams receive some runoff from Oregon. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION The North Coastal Area lies between latitudes 38° and 42° N., extends 270 miles along the coast from the California-Oregon line south to the northern boundary of Lagunitas Creek Basin, in Marin County, and ranges in width from 180 miles at the Oregon boundary to 30 miles in the southern portion. It includes Lost River, Lower Klamath Lake, and Tule Lake Basins, which are considered part of Klamath River Basin. About one-third of the Klamath Basin is in Oregon, where Klamath River has its upper source east of the Cascade Range. The northern section of the Area is largely mountainous, with many peaks above 6,000 feet in elevation, reaching a maximum elevation of 14,161 feet at Mount Shasta in Siskiyou County, on the divide between the North Coastal and Central Valley Areas. A fairly thick and absorptive soil mantle helps to sustain stream flow through summer and early fall. Moderate and equable temperatures, and heavy and recurrent fogs and northwest winds prevail along the coast. Inland, temperatures have a wider range, and winds in the interior are generally moderate. STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Principal streams of the North Coastal area are Smith, Klamath, Mad, Eel, and Russian Rivers, all draining large interior basins, and Mattole, Noyo, Navarro, and Gualala Rivers, which drain the larger basins on the coastal slope. More than half of the area is made up of the drainage of Klamath River and its main tributaries in California : the Trinity, Salmon, Scott, Shasta, and Lost Rivers. Areas of drainage basins are listed in Table 7. PRECIPITATION Storms are more frequent and monthly precipitation is higher in parts of this Area than in any of the other six major Areas of the State. It is heaviest on western slopes of the coastal ranges and decreases from north to south. During seasons of normal or greater than normal precipi- tation, moderate amounts of snow fall at the higher altitudes, but snow seldom appears along the coast. Forty precipitation stations in the Area have records of 10 or more seasons. The longest unbroken record, which dates from 1878, is for the United States Weather Bureau station at Eureka. Other stations have records of earlier beginning, but are interrupted. Continuous recorders have been operated at 29 precipitation stations. Tables 8, 9, and 10 con- tain data relating to precipitation stations and records. (55) 56 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 7 AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, NORTH COASTAL AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, North Coastal Area") Number on Plate 2 3-1 3-2 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9 5-10 5-11 5-12 Stream or stream group basin 7-1 7-2 9-1 9-2 9-3 10 Rogue River Basin in California. Winchuck River Group in California. Smith River Basin Above gage near Crescent City. Remainder of Smith River Total, Smith River Basin: In California In Oregon Elk Creek Group . Klamath River Basin Above gage at Klamath Falls (Link River) From gage at Klamath Falls to gage at Keno (includes Lost River, Lower Klamath Lake, and Butte Valley Basins) Above gage at Keno From gage at Keno to gage near Copco Above gage near Copco Shasta River above gage near Yreka Scott River above gage near Fort Jones Remainder of Klamath River above gage near Seiad Valley Above gage near Seiad Valley Salmon River above gage at Somesbar (Salmon River gage) Remainder of Klamath River above gage at Somesbar (Klamath River gage) Above gage at Somesbar (Klamath River gage) Trinity River Basin Above gage at Lewiston From gage at Lewiston to gage near Hoopa Above gage near Hoopa Remainder of Klamath River above gage near Requa. Above gage near Requa Remainder of Klamath River Total, Klamath River Basin In Calif or nia In Oregon Mountains and foothills Home Creek Group. Redwccd Creek Basin Above gage at Orick Remainder of Redwocd Creek. Tctal, Redwocd Creek Basin -_ Maple Creek Group. Mad River Basin Above Sweasey Dam From Sweasey Dam to gage near Areata. Above gage near Areata Remainder of Mad River Total, Mad River Basin Elk River Group (including Humboldt Bay) 147 17 604 100 617 (87) 28 1,906 1,162 3,068 430 3,498 515 561 1,065 5,639 745 839 7,223 722 2,081 2,803 794 10,820 87 7,970 (2,937) 12 272 3 275 126 371 103 474 5 479 143 Valley and mesa 14 14 (0) 47 1,906 2,435 4,341 8 4,349 281 101 13 4,744 4,744 9 34 43 14 4,801 7 2,050 (2,758) 2 2 4 15 10 10 7 17 76 Totals 147 18 604 114 631 (87) 75 3,812 3,597 7,409 438 7,847 796 662 1,078 10,383 745 839 11,967 731 2,115 2,846 808 15,621 94 10,020 (5,695) 13 274 5 279 141 371 113 484 12 496 219j WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 57 TABLE 7— Continued AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, NORTH COASTAL AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, North Coastal Area") Number on Plate 2 Stream or stream group basin Mountains and foothills Valley and mesa Totals 11-1 11-2 11-3 11-4 11-5 11-6 12 13-1 13-2 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24-1 24-2 25 Eel River Basin Above Van Arsdale Dam Middle Eel River above gage near Covelo Remainder of Eel River above gage at Scotia Above gage at Scotia Van Duzen River above gage at Bridgeville Remainder of Van Duzen River Total, Van Duzen River above mouth Remainder of Eel River Total, Eel River Basin Bear River Group Mattole River Basin Above gage near Petrolia Remainder of Mattole River Total, Mattole River Four Mile Creek Group . Ten Mile River Group Noyo River Basin Big River Group Navarro River Basin Alder Creek Group Garcia River Basin Arena Creek Group Gualala River Basin Stewart's Point Group Russian River Basin Above gage at Guerneville Remainder of Russian River Total, Russian River Basin Salmon Creek Group TOTALS, NORTH COASTAL AREA IN CALI FORNIA 346 405 2,330 3,081 200 221 421 72 3,574 130 215 58 273 78 262 114 290 305 118 110 30 299 63 1,121 131 1,252 253 16,965 59 59 9 9 59 127 346 405 2,389 3,140 200 230 430 131 3,701 130 215 58 273 78 262 114 290 11 316 6 124 4 114 2 32 299 63 246 246 1,367 131 1,498 2,621 253 19,586 58 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA o CD 05 < < < < O u W Eh O X o M p o o Q H WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 59 Eureka and Point Reyes are the North Coastal Area precipitation stations for which the Weather Bureau has published data on maximum rainfall intensities in its Technical Paper No. 2. The Bureau's record shows the following : MAXIMUM RECORDED RAINFALL IN INCHES IN SPECIFIED MINUTE AND HOUR PERIODS AT NORTH COASTAL AREA PRECIPITATION STATIONS Precipitation station and date Minutes Hours 5 10 15 30 60 2 3 6 12 24 Eureka-.. 0.29 1 / 1 1931 0.32 11/29 1905 0.37 1 / 1 1931 0.54 11/29 1905 0.51 11/11 1926 0.69 11/29 1905 0.74 11/15 1941 1.02 11/29 1905 1.04 11/15 1941 1.40 3*/ 3 1906 1.30 12/10 1939 1.55 3/3 1906 1.79 12/10 1939 1.56 3/3 1906 2.73 12/10 1939 1.64 12/11 1925 3.52 12/10 1939 2.26 12/11 1925 5.10 Month, Day Year 1 /20 1903 Point Reyes 3.29 Month, Day Year.... 12/21 1924 Table 11 gives average monthly precipitation, and maximum and minimum precipitation of record for each month, at five stations con- sidered to be representative in elevation and topographic pattern of the North Coastal Area. The bar diagrams of Plate 4, "Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, North Coastal Area, ' ' show graphically for four of these stations the monthly distribution of precipitation during maximum and minimum seasons of record. They also show monthly dis- tribution during the season in which precipitation was nearest to the average seasonal total shown in Table 11. A maximum recorded seasonal precipitation of 134.92 inches occurred at Upper Mattole, at an elevation of 244 feet in Humboldt County, in 1889-90. Average seasonal precipitation for this station for the period of record is 78.99 inches. A recorded minimum of 4.14 inches occurred at Montague, at an elevation of 2,523 feet in Siskiyou County, during 1897-98, for which station the seasonal average for the period of record is 12.12 inches. Records of precipitation are for elevations ranging from sea level to 5,000 feet. Mean seasonal precipitation on valley and mesa lands of the North Coastal Area for the period from 1897-98 to 1946-47 is estimated at 3,360,000 acre-feet, as shown in Table 12. Large areas of valley lands are included in the Klamath River Basin. However, these lands lie mostly in upper reaches of this watershed, in areas of moderate precipitation. The one other large area of valley and mesa lands lies in the Russian River Basin where precipitation is moderate to heavy. Other valleys in the Area are not extensive but some are located where precipitation is very heavy. 60 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 8 MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, NORTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) | Mean for — Maximum and No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 1-1 Crescent City (near) Del Norte. . 41° 124° 50' 07' 125 1885-86 1946-47 B USWB 75.31 75.77 1889-90 1923-24 113.06 34.52 1-5 Crescent City Lighthouse Del Norte.. 41° 124° 45' 12' 47 1935-36 1945-46 B Private 52.70 49.34 1937-38 1943-44 79.65 33.26 1-16 China Flat... Humboldt.. 40° 123° 58' 38' 600 1909-10 1946-47 B USWB 44.26 47.14 1937-38 1923-24 70.30 22.55 1-18 Eureka Humboldt- . 40° 124° 48' 10' 62 1878-79 1946-47 AB USWB 38.34 37.41 1889-90 1923-24 74.10 20.72 1-15 Fort Gaston. . Humboldt- . 41° 123° 03' 41' 397 1861-62 1891-92 B USWB 54.49 53.54 1865-66 1872-73 128.97 31.09 1-13 Orleans Humboldt. - 41° 123° 18' 32' 401 1885-86 1946-47 B USWB 47.18 48.86 1903-04 1919-20 81.93 20.01 1-20 Rhonerville... Humboldt- . 40° 124° 35' 08' 75 1901-02 1919-20 B USWB 42.86 40.98 1903-04 1919-20 61.49 25.49 1-22 Scotia Humboldt- . 40° 124° 29' 06' 146 1926-27 1946-47 B USWB 44.85 46.74 1937-38 1930-31 77.02 25.48 1-17 Table Bluff... Lighthouse Humboldt.. 40° 124° 42' 16' 160 1916-17 1945-46 B Private 36.03 39.47 1920-21 1930-31 63.49 17.29 1-14 TrinidadHead Humboldt. . 41° 124° 03' 09' 198 1918-19 1946-47 B Private 43.92 47.29 1940-41 1930-31 68.09 23.33 1-24 Upper Mat-., tole Humboldt- . 40° 124° 15' 12' 244 1887-88 1946-47 B USWB 78.99 77.63 1889-90 1923-24 134.92 34.07 1-27 Branscomb Mendocino . 39° 123° 39' 38' 2,000 1900-01 1922-23 B USWB 82.68 77.60 1903-04 1919-20 132.62 46.12 1-26 Covelo Ran- ger Station. Mendocino . 39° 123° 50' 05' 1,500 1881-82 1946-47 BC USWB 36.61 35.73 1937-38 1923-24 72.60 16.12 1-25 Cummings Mendocino . 39° 123° 50' 34' 1,200 1930-31 1946-47 B USWB 69.27 68.83 1937-38 1930-31 117.92 45.30 1-28 Fort Bragg... Mendocino . 39° 123° 26' 48' 80 1895-96 1946-47 B USWB 37.33 37.20 1940-41 1923-24 60.79 17.81 1-31 Point Arena. _ Lighthouse Mendocino . 38° 123° 55' 42' 100 1902-03 1941-42 AC Private 36.66 36.31 1908-09 1923-24 62.75 16.29 1-29 Ridge wood Ranch Mendocino . 39° 123° 19' 20 1,300 1905-06 1946-47 BC Private 40.77 40.38 1937-38 1945-46 75.84 15.43 1-30 Ukiah Mendocino . 39° 123° 09' 12' 650 1877-78 1946-47 B USWB 35.56 35.27 1889-90 1923-24 60.48 16.19 1-38 WiUits Mendocino . 39° 123° 25' 21' 1,365 1878-79 1946-47 B NWPR 50.07 50.36 1878-79 1923-24 87.34 18.55 1-4 Steele Swamp. Modoc 41° 120° 52' 57' 5,000 1923-24 1946-47 B USWB 12.20 11.92 1944-45 1938-39 18.23 6.64 1-40 Hullville Lake . 39° 122° 25' 57' 1,925 1907-08 1936-37 B USWB 45.22 48.77 1913-14 1923-24 78.47 23.87 1-12 Edge wood Siskiyou 41° 122° 28' 26' 2,963 1888-89 1914-15 B USWB 21.08 18.37 1889-90 1898-99 36.34 9.42 1-11 Grenada... . Siskiyou 41° 122° 39' 32' 2,260 19G8-09 1937-38 C Private 11.97 12.43 1926-27 1917-18 20.91 6.40 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 61 TABLE 8— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, NORTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) Mean for — Maximum and No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 1-6 Happy Camp. Siskiyou 41° 123° 48' 23' 1,090 1915-16 1946-47 B USWB 44.64 44.24 1937-38 1923-24 85.60 24.71 1-2 Hornbrook Siskiyou 41° 122 c 54' 34' 2,154 1888-89 1917-18 B USWB 14.44 12.74 1889-90 1912-13 25.65 6.85 1-10 Montague Siskiyou °41 122° 44' 33' 2,523 1888-89 1946-47 AB USWB 12.12 12.24 1889-90 1897-98 24.19 4.14 1-7 Scott Bar Siskiyou 41° 123° 44' 00' 1,800 1922-23 1934-35 B USWB 24.76 29.77 1926-27 1923-24 49.18 15.04 1-3 TuleLake Siskiyou 41° 121° 58' 28' 4,036 1932-33 1946-47 B USWB 9.81 10.52 1939-40 1932-33 14.18 4.78 1-8 Walla Walla.. Creek Siskiyou 41° 122° 41' 51' 2,570 1854-55 1946-47 B USWB 25.45 29.43 1889-90 1874-75 49.97 12.72 1-9 Yreka... Siskiyou 41° 122° 44' 40' 2,625 1871-72 1946-47 B USWB 17.49 15.45 1903-04 1923-24 31.29 7.89 1-32 Cloverdale Sonoma 38° 123° 48' 01' 315 1893-94 1946-47 B USWB 38.62 37.66 1940-41 1923-24 68.90 15.75 1-33 Fort Ross Sonoma 38° 123° 30' 16' 100 1875-76 1946-47 B USWB 47.01 44.69 1877-78 1923-24 92.86 19.10 1-36 Graton Sonoma 38° 122° 26' 50' 190 1896-97 1946-47 B USWB 39.59 39.58 1940-41 1923-24 70.81 19.93 1-34 Hallberg Sonoma 38° 122° 26' 52' 200 1928-29 1946-47 BC Private 36.20 37.53 1940-41 1938-39 67.59 19.69 1-35 Healdsburg. . . Sonoma 38° 122° 36' 51' 110 1877-78 1946-47 B USWB 40.00 38.94 1940-41 1884-85 72.55 16.35 1-39 Mt. St. Hel- ena Sonoma 38° 122° 40' 40' 2,300 1901-02 1911-12 B USWB 60.20 55.78 1906-07 1911-12 79.56 32.44 1-37 Santa Rosa... Sonoma 38° 122° 27' 43' 167 1888-89 1946-47 B USWB 29.66 29.19 1889-90 1919-20 56.06 13.25 1-21 Hayfork Trinity 40° 123° 33' 10' 2,300 1915-16 1933-34 B USWB 26.96 32.22 1920-21 1923-24 45.30 13.53 1-23 Ruth Trinity 40° 123° 22' 20' 2,750 1907-08 1937-38 B USWB 38.59 43.30 1937-38 1923-24 95.17 13.59 1-19 Weaverville... Trinity 40° 122° 44' 56' 2,050 1871-72 1946-47 B USWB 37.04 35.73 1889-90 1923-24 67.04 17.92 ABBREVIATIONS-NORTH COASTAL AREA TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A B C Hourly- Daily Monthly NWPR USWB SOURCE OF RECORD Northwestern Pacific Railroad United States Weather Bureau 62 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 9 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, NORTH COASTAL AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number Station County Latitude Eleva- and tion, longitude feet 41° 45' 50 124° 12' 41° 32' 25 124° 02' 40° 48' 62 124° 10' 41° 03' 350 123° 41' 40° 40' 2,500 123° 55' 40° 12' 300 123° 46' 41° 11' 228 123° 43' 39° 25' 1,900 122° 58' 39° 50' 1,500 123° 05' 39° 26' 80 123° 48' 39° 01' 2,510 123° 00' 39° 42' 1,640 123° 28' 38° 55' 100 123° 42' 39° 16' 750 123° 12' 39° 20' 1,900 123° 19' 38° 55' 1,150 123° 18' 41° 28' 2,950 122° 54' 41° 35' 3,400 122° 43' 41° 48' 1,090 123° 23' 41° 44' 2,523 122° 33' 41° 58' 4,036 121° 28' 38° 46' 1,750 123° 13' 38° 21' 175 122° 50' 38° 48' 1,600 122° 49' 38° 37' 1,260 123° 01' 40° 37' 1,240 123° 28' 40° 02' 3,200 123° 24' 41° 00' 2,300 122' 42' 40° 44' 2,050 122° 56' Period of record Source of record 1-001 1-003 1-18* 1-009 1-011 1-012 1-015 1-016 1-019 1-28* 1-021 1-023 1-026 1-028 1-033 1-034 1-039 1-040 1-6* 1-044 1-3* 1-049 1-052 1-053 1-054 1-057 1-058 1-059 1-19* Crescent City Klamath Eureka Hoopa Kneeland (near) No. 2 Miranda (near) Weitchpec Lake Pillsbury Covelo (near) Fort Bragg Hopland (near) Laytonville Point Arena Redwood Valley Willi ts (near) No. 4__. Yorkville (near) Etna Fort Jones (near) Happy Camp Montague Airport Tule Lake Cloverdale (near) Sebastopol (near) The Geysers Venado (near) Hyampom Lake Mountain Trinity Center Weaverville Del Norte _ Del Norte _ Humboldt- Humboldt - Humboldt - Humboldt _ Humboldt. Lake Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Siskiyou — Siskiyou-.. Siskiyou- - - Siskiyou..- Siskiyou — Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma — Sonoma Trinity Trinity Trinity Trinity Feb. June Jan. June Dec. June Feb. June Jan. June Apr. June April May Mar. June June June Mar. June Nov. June Feb. June May June Jan. June June June Nov. June Sept. June Oct. June Feb. June May June Sept. June Nov. June Jan. June Dec. June Dec. June April June Jan. June Feb. June Sept. June 1941 1947 1944 1947 1910 1947 1941 1947 1944 1947 1940 1947 1940 1941 1940 1947 1941 1947 1940 1947 1939 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1941 1947 1939 1947 1940 1947 1943 1947 1941 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1939 1947 1940 1947 1939 1947 1939 1947 1940 1947 1944 1947 1941 1947 1941 1947 USFS USWB USWB USFS USWB USWB USWB USWB USFS USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB Calif . Div. of For. USWB USWB USWB USFS USWB USBR USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB USFS USFS Abbreviation USFS USWB USBR SOURCE OF RECORD Name United States Forest Service United States Weather Bureau United States Bureau of Reclamation WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 63 TABLE 10 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, NORTH COASTAL AREA Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Type of record Crescent City Elk Valley Klamath Monumental Monumental Mine Dyerville No. 1 Dyerville No. 2 Fortuna Hoopa Hydesville Kneeland (near) No. 2 Miranda (near) Orick Shively Weitchpec Lake Pillsbury Covelo, Barton Covelo, Brown Covelo (near) Hearst Hopland (near) Howard Forest Laytonville Laytonville, Division of High ways Laytonville No. 2 Point Arena Potter Valley Redwood Valley Del Norte _ Del Norte. Del Norte. Del Norte _ Del Norte. Humboldt Humboldt. Humboldt. Humboldt . Humboldt- Humboldt. Humboldt- Humboldt. Humboldt. Humboldt. Lake Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino 41° 45 124° 12 42° 123° 41° 124° 41° 123° 41° 123° 40° 123° 40° 123° 40° 124° 41° 123° 40° 124° 40° 123° 40° 123° 41° 124° 40° 124° 41° 123° 39° 122° 39° 123° 39° 123° 39° 123° 39° 123° 39° 123° 39° 123° 00 39° 42 123° 39° 123° 39° 123° 38° 55 123° 42 39° 123° 39° 123° 00' 43' 32' 02' 59' 48' 59' 48' 21' 55' 21' 55' 36' 09' 03' 41' 33' 06' 40' 55' 12' 46' 17' 04' 26' 58' 11' 43' 25' 58' 47' 15' 47' 15' 50' 05' 30' 12' 01' 00' 20' 28' 42' 29' 42' 29' 17' 04' 16' 12' 50 1,171 25 2,420 2,750 250 250 100 350 400 2,500 300 152 200 228 1,900 1,400 1,385 1,500 1,350 2,510 1,950 1,640 1,600 1,600 100 1,000 750 1941-47 1937-39 1944-47 1905-10 1905-10 1909-11 1933-36 1944-47 1942-47 1941-47 1896- 1900 1944-47 1940-47 1937-39 1916-17 1940-41 1940-47 1920-21 1935-39 1941-47 1909-17 1939-47 1940-48 1940-47 1939-47 1910-13 1940-47 1938-39 1940-47 A B A B B B B B A B A A B B A A C B A B A B A B B A B A 64 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 10— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, NORTH COASTAL AREA File number Station Latitude Eleva- Period and tion, of longitude feet record 39° 25' 1,900 1940-43 122° 57' 39° 25' 1,350 1940-41 123° 21' 39° 24' 1,364 1905-07 123° 21' 39° 22' 1,500 1941-47 123° 20' 39° 20' 1,900 1941-47 123° 19' 38° 55' 1,150 1939-47 123° 18' 41° 29' 4,346 1940-45 120° 32' 41° 29' 4,360 1929-32 120° 32' 41° 39' 4,600 1930-39 120° 13' 41° 50' 4,260 1930-39 122° 00' 41° 28' 2,950 1940-47 122° 54' 41° 35' 3,400 1943-47 122° 43' 41° 31' 2,750 1937-38 122° 31' 41° 12' 3,000 1909-16 123° 20' 41° 50' 4,250 1909-17 122° 00' 41° 44' 2,523 1940-47 122° 33' 41° 46' 4,250 1906-09 122° 00' 41° 50' 1,370 1937-39 123° 13' 38° 24' 200 1898- 122° 49' 1900 38° 47' 1,750 1929-30 123° 13' 38° 46' 1,750 1939-47 123° 13' 38° 40' 200 1896-99 122° 52' 38° 40' 2,300 1909-13 122° 36' 38° 21' 175 1940-47 122° 50' 38° 48' 1,600 1939-47 122° 49' 38° 37' 1,260 1939-47 123° 01' 40° 49' 2,100 1940-41 123° 03' 1-029 1-030 1-031 1-032 1-033 1-034 1-035 1-036 1-037 1-038 1-039 1-040 1-041 1-042 1-043 1-044 1-045 1-046 1-047 1-048 1-049 1-050 1-051 1-052 1-053 1-054 1-055 Soda Creek Willits Willits No. 2 Willits (near) No. 3 Willits (near) No. 4 Yorkville (near) Alturas No. 2 Alturas No. 3 Lake City Butte Valley Irr. Dist Etna Fort Jones (near) Gazelle Gilta Macdoel Montague Airport Mt. Hebron Seiad Valley Ranger Station Bassett Cloverdale Cloverdale (near) Lytton Springs Mt. St. Helena Sebastopol The Geysers Venado (near) Dedrick (near) Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Modoc Modoc Modoc Siskiyou. .. Siskiyou... Siskiyou. _. Siskiyou. . . Siskiyou... Siskiyou... Siskiyou... Siskiyou... Siskiyou... Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma Trinity WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 65 TABLE 10— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, NORTH COASTAL AREA File number 1-056 1-057 1-058 1-059 1-060 Station Hyampom Hyampom, HN Lake Mountain Trinity Center - Zenia County Trinity Trinity Trinity Trinity Trinity Latitude and longitude 40° 123° 40° 123° 40° 123° 41° 37' 29' 37' 28' 02' 24' 00' 122° 42' 40° 12' 123° 29' Eleva- Period tion, of feet record 1,400 1912-17 1,240 1940-47 3,200 1944-47 2,300 1941-47 3,000 1906-07 Type of record B A A A B LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN TABLE 10 TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A B C Hourly Daily Monthly 3—27922 66 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA O o UJ a. O z o s X u < 2 < Ul z S o < u UJ a flL ^1 z < Q Z < < 2 a z < z o < < o u O z O £ S i H Q a O u P ° u Ul a a >■ ■j x z o Ul o < Ul > < •il o © o o o CM o O to O o O o o o o o CO rf O o O o o co L^ 2 k*i en £a o o o o o o o o o o o o osa, oun Plat ■As o3 3 tO CM OS 00 rfi TH to CM CO CO i-H co anta R ioma C ber on 1-37 l> CO CO t^ CO OJ rM "* OJ to l-H ^ ss o o ^ 00 CM to 00 "* CM OS tO CM cog g t>C4? <* CM 1— 1 00 t^ CO i-H tO lr^ i-H Ci o> o OQ 3 o3,d o o ^ *tf (M »o i-H co o a> i-H CM CD fc g d - to co CO CO to o 1> 00 CO t^ 05 CO cd -h o ' b>n P ^ ^s i-H i— 1 CM T^ 00 00 i-H i-H 00 CO CM co CM 3d CD •>. tu04? r^ l-H oo CO T^ 1^ t^ o t^ CM C35 CM t> CO 3 c3-d CO CM ^ 1—1 Tj< 05 00 "* CO O O CO i-H fc ^H -(-5 £ d * o CO OS i-H i-H 00 i-H i-H i-H OS CM 'CQ s a tUDr^H CM 1—1 CO l> CM to ^ CM CO co co co tM CD 2 o3,d O o Tt< CO .—1 00 CD CM CO CO i-H co ■* CD d o o o T— 1 1* CO t> CO T)H CM l-H o to > o co >co o d o d o o o d CD 03 in H i-H i-H 00 i-H tO o o o o o o o o o d d .. 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CD CO 1 s- CD £> o o CD a CD > o jz: CD a CD CD CD Q 03 d d 03 1-5 >> (- 03 d CD 1 1 1 id a s- 03 d < i i i i >> 03 1 1 1 1 CD d d »-5 OH CO WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 67 TABLE 12 ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL PRECIPITATION ON VALLEY AND MESA LANDS 1897-98 TO 1946-47 NORTH COASTAL AREA Number on Plate 2 3-2 4 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-9 5-10 5-11 5-12 6 7-1 7-2 9-2 9-3 10 11-3 11-5 11-6 18 19 20 21 24-1 Stream or stream group basin Winchuck River Group in California Smith River Basin Remainder of Smith River (below gage near Crescent City) Elk Creek Group Klamath River Basin From gage at Klamath Falls to gage at Keno (includes portions in California of Lost River, Lower Klamath Lake, and Butte Valley Basins) From gage at Keno to gage near Copco (portion in California) Shasta River above gage near Yreka Scott River above gage near Fort Jones Remainder of Klamath River above gage near Seiad Valley Trinity River Above gage at Lewiston From gage at Lewiston to gage near Hoopa Remainder of Klamath River above gage near Requa (below gage at Somes- bar) Remainder of Klamath River Home Creek Group Redwood Creek Basin Above gage at Orick Remainder of Redwood Creek Maple Creek Group Mad River Basin From Sweasey Dam to gage near Areata Remainder of Mad River Elk River Group (not including Humboldt Bay) Eel River Basin Remainder of Eel River above gage at Scotia (below Van Arsdale Dam and gage near Covelo on Middle Eel River) Remainder of Van Duzen River (below gage at Bridgeville) Remainder of Eel River Navarro River Basin Alder Creek Group Garcia River Basin Arena Creek Group Russian River Basin Above gage at Guerneville TOTAL, NORTH COASTAL AREA Precipitation in acre-feet 3,800 56,700 158,000 1,435,000 8,100 315,000 167,000 14,600 23,000 74,300 41,800 22,800 2,800 5,900 5,700 40,800 28,800 16,400 112,000 142,000 22,600 126,000 35,200 13,400 8,500 3,900 472,000 3,356,100 68 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 4 20 10 20 10 W o UJ I U 20 z 10 1889- 1890 TOTAL 74 10 INCHES ! II ■ ■n in™ ■i -- • hi hi ii ii ii \nmm MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1893-1894 TOTAL 30.50 INCHES TO AVERAGE SEASON! 20 1879- I860 TOTAL 38.40 INCHES t 1 1 1 ■ — A 10 1879-1880 TOTAL 17.57 INCHES MINIMUM SEASON 1923-1924 TOTAL 20.72 INCHES 1 > _l D J2. 6 < 1- UJ U o > o z u Ul Q Z < ai LI u. < 5 or a. < > < 2 u z EUREKA 1923-1924 TOTAL 7 89 INCHES 10 5 -> d < a. Ul m l-; o o > o z o UJ o z < -> CD UJ U. < 2 or < > < 2 Ul Z • D -J YREKA 20 10 z 2 o h < t 20 0. U 10 y o: „ 1889-1890 TOTAL 6048 INCHES 1 I ■ A A 1 JL » MAXIMUM SEASON 20 1889- 1890 TOTAL 56.06 INCHES TJ~iHii • T~j ■■Mill-, NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1945- 1946 TOTAL 36.01 INCHES ! 1 1 ■ ll I !■■- 20 10 1910 - 191 1 TOTAL 2954 INCHES 1 ■ l m A ■ MINIMUM SEASON 20 1923-1924 TOTAL 16 19 INCHES 10 > _l -) 6 < 0. Ul <0 o o > o z 6 Ul Q z < m UJ u. or < 2 or 0- < > < 2 Ul Z -> UKIAH 1919- 1920 TOTAL 1325 INCHES 10 ■ §■ 5 < l- 0. Ul O > o z d!z Ul < a -> m u u. 2 < < 2 Ul Z 3 SANTA ROSA -*•*- DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS NORTH COASTAL AREA WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 69 TRINITY RIVE1R (Division of Highways Photo) 70 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RUNOFF Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff from the North Coastal Area for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is 28,886,000 acre- feet, or 40.8 percent of total surface runoff from mountain and foothill lands within the State. Minimum seasonal runoff, amounting to 7,420,000 acre-feet, occurred in 1923-24, and the maximum, totaling 55,300,000 acre-feet, in 1937-38. The 10-year period from 1927-28 to 1936-37 was the driest of record in the Area. During each season of that period runoff was less than the 53-year seasonal mean, and the average was only 71 percent of this long-time mean. Runoff from the North Coastal Area is derived largely from rainfall, only a relatively small portion of the Area being subject to snow cover. Consequently, about half of the seasonal runoff generally comes between October 1 and January 30, approximately 30 percent during the following two months, and about 20 percent after March 31st, the approximate date when the snow melt begins. Monthly runoff varies from less than 1 percent of the seasonal total during the period from July to October, inclusive, to nearly 25 percent in the maximum month, usually in early spring. As of September 30, 1947, the United States Geological Survey was maintaining 24 gaging stations in the Smith, Klamath, Eel, and Russian River Basins and a number of additional stations are proposed f or 4 early installation. Stream gaging stations are listed in Table 13, together with average, maximum and minimum seasonal runoff for stations with rec- ords of 10 years or longer. The principal stations presently maintained are : Drainage area Station in square miles Smith River near Crescent City 604 Klamath River at Somesbar 11,967 Trinity River near Hoopa 2,846 Eel River at Scotia 3,140 Van Duzen River at Bridgeville 200 Russian River at Guerneville 1,367 Although runoff from 20,124 of the 25,368 square miles in the North Coastal Area is presently measured, records for Klamath River at Somes- bar did not commence until 1927, those for Smith River near Crescent City not until 1931, and for Russian River not until December, 1939. The only available long-time record in the Area is for Eel River at Scotia, which was begun in December, 1910, and is unbroken except for the period from March, 1915, to September, 1916. Other gaging stations now maintained in the Area are upstream from the six main stations listed in the preceding paragraph. Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff from the Area by basins, subbasins, and stream groups for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is given in Table 14. Of total mean seasonal runoff from the area, 4,924,000 acre-feet was estimated by the empirical formula described in Chapter III. Estimates of seasonal natural runoff from main stream and tributary basins for which there are partial records are given in Table 15. Variation in monthly flow to be expected of a typical stream in the North Coastal Area is indicated by the following data for Eel River at Scotia covering the period of record. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 71 AVERAGE MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE SEASONAL RUNOFF, EEL RIVER AT SCOTIA (Drainage Area— 3,140 Square Miles) Month October November. December- January- _. 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EEL RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT SCOTIA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 3140 SQUARE MILES 92 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 9 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic •00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- r r " / j / ' . ' 1 zjrj J ZLZL / ll ' 1 f /// 1 /// ! / f i i / / LtbLIIU ^ 1 day flood • 2 day flood O 3 day flood ♦ 5 day flood S 10 day flood /s I C L L k w r F' r 7j 1 1 I 1 I I RUSSIAN RIVER FLOOD D AT GUERNEVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1367 SQUAF ISCHARGE iE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile o o c 3 O" 0> _o O 10 100 10 100 10C t I j J r \ 7 LEGEND 1 I / * * 1 day flood - J * / NOYO RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BRIDGE 10 NEAR FORT BRAGG AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 109 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 93 03 CD Ci CD .13 o3 w l-l 03 CD +3 s. o3 fj M o o 03 co tf o 2^ o 03 1 1 I CD a> i i i i t III© Oil,,, i i i 03 o3 r ■ i ■ i i (-i Sh ! ! ! 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Jones Fortuna Healdsburg Santa Rosa Ukiah Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) . Sodium (Na) Carbonate (CO3) + Bicarbon- ate (HC0 3 ) Chloride (CI) Sulphate (SO*) Total anions Percent sodium. 2.65 2.21 0.61 5.05 0.22 0.17 2.80 1.07 1.91 4.29 0.62 0.87 1.25 2.62 0.17 3.32 0.37 0.35 1.55 1.64 2.09 4.52 0.76 0.00 5.47 5.78 4.04 5.28 11 33 40 1.05 0.49 0.61 1.55 0.25 0.35 2.15 28 CHAPTER V. SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA This is the smallest of the seven Areas into which California was divided for the state-wide investigation of water resources. Substantial water supplies are locally available, although they are far from sufficient for the metropolitan centers, or even for some of the outlying urban, suburban, and rural communities. Importation of water from sources outside the Area, first initiated by San Francisco about 50 years ago, will be an increasing need as the population grows. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION The San Francisco Bay Area, designated Area No. 2 on Plate 2, and shown in part on Plate 10, ' ' Portion of the San Francisco Bay Area, ' ' lies between latitudes 37° and 38 J° N. It comprises all stream basins draining into San Francisco, San Pablo, and Suisun Bays below the confluence of Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers near Collinsville, Solano County, and Pittsburg, Contra Costa County, together with basins draining directly into the Pacific Ocean from Lagunitas Creek Basin to Pescadero Creek Basin, both inclusive. The Area is about 125 miles long and averages 45 miles in width from east to west. About two-thirds of the San Francisco Bay Area is mountains and foothills. Mountains along the coast separate the principal valley lands from the ocean and, except in the vicinity of Suisun Bay, these valley lands are separated from the Central Valley of California by other ranges that reach elevations of 4,344 feet at Mount St. Helena, 3,849 feet at Mount Diablo, 4,400 feet at Copernicus Peak of Mount Hamilton, and 2,604 feet at Mount Tamalpais. Fogs are frequent in the immediate coast and bay areas, principally during summer, and off-shore winds enter the valleys of the Area through depressions in the mountains nearest the ocean. Moderate snowfall for short periods at the higher elevations is not uncommon. Thunderstorms are infrequent. STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Principal streams of the Area entering San Francisco Bay from the north are Napa River and Petaluma, Sonoma, and Suisun Creeks. Kirker, Mount Diablo, San Pablo, Alameda, and Coyote Creeks enter the bay from the east and south, and Los Gatos Creek enters from the south through Guadalupe River. Lagunitas, San Pedro, San Gregorio, and Pescadero Creeks are the largest streams in the Area flowing directly into the ocean. Table 18 lists areas of drainage basins in the San Francisco Bay Area. (97) 4—27922 98 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 18 AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, San Francisco Bay Area") Number on Plate 2 1-1 1-2 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 4-1 4-2 4-3 6-1 6-2 6-3 7-1 7-2 8-1 8-2 9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5 9-6 10 11 12 13 Stream or stream group basin Lagunitas Creek Group Lagunitas Creek above Alpine Dam Remainder of Lagunitas Creek Group Total, Lagunitas Creek Group Petaluma Creek Group Napa River Basin Above gage near St. Helena Conn Creek above gage near St. Helena Rector Creek above Rector Dam Dry Creek above gage near Yountville Remainder of Napa River above gage near Nap Above gage near Napa Remainder of Napa River Total, Napa River Suisun Creek Group Gordon Valley Creek above Lake Curry Dam.. Green Valley Creek above Lake Frey Dam Remainder of Suisun Creek Group Total, Suisun Creek Group Mt. Diablo Creek Group East Bay Group San Pablo Creek above San Pablo Dam San Leandro Creek above Chabot Dam Remainder of East Bay Group Total, East Bay Group Alameda Creek Group Alameda Creek above gage near Niles Remainder of Group including Niles Cone Total, Alameda Creek Group Coyote Creek Basin Above gage near Madrone Remainder of Coyote Creek Total, Coyote Creek Guadalupe River Group Guadalupe River above gage at Guadalupe Los Alamitos Creek above gage at Eden vale Los Gatos Creek above gage at Los Gates Stevens Creek above gage near Cupertino Santa Clara Valley Floor Remainder of Guadalupe River Group Total, Guadalupe River Group San Francisquito Creek Group San Mateo Creek Group Pescadero Creek Group San Francisco Bay including islands TOTALS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA.. Mountains and foothills 10 226 236 291 67 18 50 2 11 17 22 32 167 52 93 105 260 157 19 3 140 186 162 186 146 Valley and mesa 153 105 32 40 2 125 120 197 122 527 107 45 66 572 173 192 101 111 293 111 13 27 7 41 18 13 143 33 145 150 34 39 87 86 251 11 1 1 443 2,674 J, 735 PLATE 10 PORTION OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 99 PRECIPITATION The influence of topography on precipitation in this Area is particu- larly noticeable at precipitation stations lying in a general west-east line. During storms from the Pacific, precipitation south of San Francisco in- creases from the shore line to the crest of the coastal mountains, and decreases down the east slope to the floor of Santa Clara Valley and the inland Peninsula areas. It shows little variation across the valley and other low lands, and then increases up the west slope of the Mount Hamilton Range until it approximates that on the mountains near the coast. Precipitation over other parts of the Area is similarly affected by topography, although the east slope of Mount Tamalpais may receive more precipitation than the west slope. Ninety-four precipitation stations in the Area have records of 10 or more seasons, an unbroken record for 100 years being available for the United States Weather Bureau station at San Francisco. At 27 stations continuous recorders have been operated. Data relating to precipitation stations and records are given in tables 19, 20, and 21. Precipitation recorded in these tables is for elevations from sea level to more than 4,000 feet. The number of stations being maintained is adequate, although a few additional recording gages on mountain slopes are desirable to make the coverage fully satisfactory. A maximum seasonal precipitation of 88.25 inches was recorded at Kentfield, at an elevation of 65 feet in Marin County, during the season of 1889-90, and the average seasonal figure for this station for the period of record is 46.57 inches. A minimum of 3.40 inches was recorded at Orinda Park, at an elevation of 410 feet in Contra Costa County, during 1919-20. Average seasonal precipitation at this station for the period of of record is 26.89 inches. Published Weather Bureau data on maximum rainfall intensities in the San Francisco Bay Area are listed in the following tabulation : MAXIMUM RECORDED RAINFALL, IN INCHES IN SPECIFIED MINUTE AND HOUR PERIODS, AT SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA PRECIPITATION STATIONS Precipitation station and date Minutes Hours 5 10 15 30 60 2 3 6 12 24 Mt. Tamalpais Month, Day... .. Year 0.19 2/20 1917 0.16 11/19 1903 0.33 11/25 1926 0.18 3/6 1911 0.34 2/20 1917 0.23 11/19 1903 0.51 11/ 4 1918 0.27 11/18 1913 0.41 2/20 1917 0.30 11/19 1903 0.65 11/ 4 1918 0.34 11/18 1913 0.80 11/10 1901 0.41 11/19 1903 0.83 3 /4 1912 0.50 1 /23 1942 1.20 11/10 1901 0.49 11/19 1903 1.07 3 /4 1912 0.85 1 /23 1942 1.20 11/10 1901 0.73 11/19 1903 1.29 9 /23 1904 1.11 9 /12 1918 1.20 11/10 1901 1.45 1/13 1909 2.12 1/21 1914 3.04 11/ 5 1912 S. E. Farallon Island 2.77 Month, Day 2/11 Year 1912 San Francisco... ... Month, Day Year 1.36 3/5 1912 1.39 1 /13 1911 1.70 1 /13 1914 2.14 12/ 3 1915 2.83 12/ 3 1915 2.72 1 /13 1911 4.67 1 /29 1881 San Jose 4.56 Month, Day. . . Year . 1 /13 1911 / 100 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA The influence of topography on precipitation in this Area is well illustrated by Table 22. Oakland is open to storms coming in from the ocean through the Golden Gate, and its precipitation is much more than at either San Jose or Livermore, which are both protected from ocean storms by mountains. Napa is also separated from the coast by mountains, and although Table 22 does not give precipitation on the coast to the west, it is substantially above that at Napa. Table 22 also shows average monthly precipitation at four selected stations. The maximum and minimum figures bring out the wide varia- tion in precipitation between wet, dry, and normal seasons. The bar dia- grams of Plate 11, "Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, San Francisco Bay Area, ' ' show graphically the monthly distribution of precipitation in maximum and minimum seasons of record. They also show monthly distribution during the season in which total seasonal pre- cipitation was nearest to the average seasonal figure shown in Table 22. Mean seasonal precipitation on valley and mesa lands of the San Francisco Bay Area for the period from 1897-98 to 1946-47 is estimated to have been 1,350,000 acre-feet, as shown in Table 23. Most valley land of this area borders San Francisco Bay, principally near the outlets of Napa River and Suisun Creek, and in the Santa Clara Valley. The only sizable valley area not bordering the bay is Livermore Valley on upper Alameda Creek. Precipitation is moderate and fairly uniform, ranging from 15 to 25 inches per year for most valley land in the Area. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 101 TABLE 19 MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) Mean for — Maximum and No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 2-57 Alvarado (near) Alameda 37° 122° 36' 07' 3 1924-25 1940-41 B USWB 14.98 16.15 1940-41 1933-34 25.30 8.20 2-29 Berkeley Alameda 37° 122° 52' 16' 299 1887-88 1946-47 ABCD USWB 23.76 22.89 1889-90 1923-24 46.00 11.57 2-79 Calaveras Alameda... 37° 121° 29' 50' 626 1914-15 1946-47 BC SFPUC 18.52 19.06 1914-15 1923-24 30.97 7.59 2-48 Hayward Union High School Alameda 37° 122° 40' 05' 110 1914-15 1946-47 B Private 20.03 21.26 1940-41 1917-18 36.14 9.56 2-49 Jensen Ranch. Alameda 37° 122° 43' 00' 750 1905-06 1942-43 B Private 24.28 23.83 1940-41 1923-24 37.94 10.57 2-47 Lake Chabot . Alameda 37° 122° 44' 07' 240 1879-80 1946-47 B EBMUD 21.84 21.26 1889-90 1919-20 40.85 10.80 2-50 Liver more Alameda 37° 121° 41' 44' 480 1871-72 1946-47 BCD USWB 14.62 13.93 1889-90 1876-77 28.66 6.01 2-43 Mills College . Alameda 37° 122° 47' 11' 200 1893-94 1916-17 BC USWB 25.75 22.37 1894-95 1897-98 37.19 14.44 2-58 Niles Alameda 37° 121° 35' 57' 150 1871-72 1946-47 B SFPUC 18.29 17.90 1889-90 1876-77 35.91 9.34 2-42 Oakland Alameda 37° 122° 47' 14' 322 1874-75 1946-47 ABC USWB 23.38 22.38 1889-90 1911-12 45.38 11.58 2-77 Pleasanton Pumps Alameda 37° 121° 29' 54' 360 1911-12 1946-47 B SFPUC 19.90 20.56 1920-21 1923-24 33.37 7.70 2-44 San Leandro.. Alameda 37° 122° 43' 10' 48 1895-96 1922-23 BC USWB 23.49 20.00 1908-09 1897-98 29.92 12.97 2-59 Sunol Alameda 37° 121° 36' 53' 260 1914-15 1946-47 B SFPUC 19.05 19.90 1914-15 1923-24 31.15 8.27 2-30 Temescal Reservoir Alameda 37° 122° 51' 14' 450 1909-10 1933-34 B EBMUD 21.74 23.53 1926-27 1919-20 35.75 11.99 2-46 Upper San Leandro Alameda 37° 122° 48' 08' 490 1924-25 1946-47 BC EBMUD 26.55 28.33 1940-41 1930-31 41.60 16.25 2-18 Crockett Contra Costa 38° 122° 03' 13' 12 1918-19 1946-47 B USWB 16.91 16.55 1940-41 1923-24 31.04 7.44 2-34 Galinda Siding Contra Costa 37° 122° 59' 03' 13 1920-21 1938-39 B CWSCo. 14.92 15.97 1937-38 1923-24 25.02 6.41 2-33 Lafayette Contra Costa 37° 122° 53' 08' 500 1924-25 1946-47 BC EBMUD 25.95 27.11 1940-41 1930-31 40.70 15.21 2-32 Orinda Park.. Contra Costa 37° 122° 53' 12' 410 1908-09 1937-38 BC EBMUD 26.89 26.30 1937-38 1919-20 44.40 3.40 2-27 San Pablo Contra Costa 37° 122° 59' 21' 75 1912-13 1930-31 B SOCo. 19.43 21.38 1913-14 1919-20 33.34 9.70 2-31 San Pablo Creek Pa- trol House Contra Costa 37° 122° 54' 13' 400 1922-23 1946-47 BC EBMUD 25.96 28.25 1940-41 1923-24 42.57 11.54 2-28 San Pablo Reservoir Contra Costa 37° 122° 57' 16' 330 1917-18 1946-47 B EBMUD 22.79 24.90 1940-41 1919-20 41.41 10.10 102 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 19— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Plate 3 2-45 2-35 2-36 2-20 2-25 2-21 2-17 2-22 2-23 2-15 2-16 2-24 2-26 2-2 2-3 2-6 2-10 2-1 2-4 2-5 2-39 2-38 Name of station Valle Vista... Walnut Creek Wilcox Alpine Dam. Kentfield Lagunitas Lake Marin Mead- ows Ranch Mt. Tamal- pais Phoenix Lake. Point Reyes Lighthouse Point Reyes Station San Rafael. .. Sausalito. Calistoga. Calistoga (Southern Pacific) Lake Curry. Napa Silverado Ranch St. Helena. .. Veterans' Lake Merced Point Lobos. County Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Marin Marin Marin Marin Marin... Marin... Marin Marin ... Marin . . _ Marin... Napa. .. Napa Napa Napa Napa Napa Napa San Fran cisco San Fran cisco Latitude and longitude 37° 49' 122° 08' 37° 54' 122° 02' 37° 50' 122° 01' 37° 56' 122° 38' 37° 57' 122° 32' 37° 57' 122° 36' 38° 05' 122° 30' 37° 56' 122° 35' 37° 57' 122° 34' 38° 00' 123° 01' 38° 04' 122° 49' 37° 58' 122° 32' 37° 52' 122° 29' 38° 35' 122° 35' 38° 35' 122° 34' 38° 22' 122° 08' 38° 18' 122° 17' 38° 39' 122° 36' 38° 30' 122° 27' 38° 24' 122° 22' 37° 43' 122° 29' 37° 122° 47' 31' Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record 500 1924-25 1946-47 149 1887-88 1945-46 750 1924-25 1934-35 730 1919-20 1946-47 65 1888-89 1946-47 805 1909-10 1946-47 47 1913-14 1937-38 2,375 1898-99 1944-45 300 1909-10 1937-38 510 1879-80 1942-43 31 1924-25 1935-36 75 1875-76 1946-47 5 1904-05 1913-14 363 1873-74 1917-18 365 1895-96 1946-47 396 1925-26 1939-40 20 1877-78 1946-47 2,380 1927-28 1937-38 255 1907-08 1946-47 170 1913-14 1937-38 19 1901-02 1946-47 250 1897-98 1910-11 Type and source of record B EBMUD B USWB B EBMUD B MMWD BCD USWB AB MMWD BC Private ABC USWB B MMWD BC USWB B USWB BC Private BC USWB B USWB BC SPCo. B Private B USWB B Private BC USWB B Vets.Home B SFPUC BC USWB Mean for- Period of record 27.69 19.52 26.46 46.64 46.57 42.02 22.90 32.52 43.71 19.27 30.29 36.26 25.28 37.05 37.38 27.51 23.67 55.54 32.43 32.31 21.77 18.98 1897- 1947 29.71 19.64 29.36 50.61 45.55 46.14 25.81 31.32 46.90 18.18 33.17 35.04 24.44 37.23 37.11 28.07 23.12 61.73 32.96 32.94 21.52 19.01 Maximum and minimum Season 1940-41 1930-31 1937-38 1923-24 1926-27 1930-31 1940-41 1923-24 1889-90 1938-39 1940-41 1923-24 1937-38 1917-18 1941-42 1917-18 1937-38 1917-18 1889-90 1886-87 1924-25 1930-31 1940-41 1938-39 1908-09 1911-12 1889-90 1911-12 1937-38 1923-24 1939-40 1938-39 1889-90 1923-24 1935-36 1930-31 1913-14 1923-24 1913-14 1923-24 1940-41 1933-34 1908-09 1897-98 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 103 TABLE 19— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) Mear for — Maximum and No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 2-40 San Francisco San Fran- cisco 37° 122° 47' 25' 52 1849-50 1946-47 ABC USWB 22.03 20.36 1861-62 1850-51 49.27 7.42 2-37 Southeast Farallon San Fran- cisco 37° 123° 42' 00' 30 1891-92 1946-47 BC USWB 17.52 17.87 1894-95 1944-45 25.12 6.27 2-41 Yerba Buena Lighthouse San Fran- cisco 37° 122° 49' 21' 155 1918-19 1937-38 C USWB 16.40 16.80 1937-38 1919-20 27.46 6.48 2-68 Bear Gulch Reservoir San Mateo _ 37° 122° 26' 14' 180 1919-20 1946-47 B CWSCo. 19.97 20.81 1940-41 1923-24 33.64 9.13 2-56 Crystal Springs Cottage San Mateo _ 37° 122° 30' 20' 400 1894-95 1946-47 B SFPUC 27.23 26.79 1894-95 1923-24 42.14 11.89 2-61 Half Moon Bay San Mateo _ 37° 122° 29' 26' 75 1931-32 1946-47 B Private 22.80 22.59 1940-41 1933-34 34.86 11.00 2-63 Highway Maintenance San Mateo _ 37° 122° 22' 16' 1,650 1930-31 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 36.67 35.46 1940-41 1930-31 54.16 20.93 2-65 Jackling.. . _ San Mateo _ 37° 122° 23' 15' 380 1924-25 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 31.94 30.66 1937-38 1933-34 46.33 18.86 2-53 Lower Crys- tal Springs San Mateo . 37° 122° 32' 22' 450 1894-95 1946-47 B SFPUC 27.60 27.00 1894-95 1917-18 45.15 12.09 2-70 Menlo Park . _ San Mateo. 37° 122° 27' 10' 64 1878-79 1913-14 BC USWB 16.93 15.39 1889-90 1912-13 33.66 7.82 2-51 Pilarcitos . San Mateo . 37° 122° 33' 25' 620 1864-65 1946-47 BC SFPUC 44.44 37.25 1867-68 1917-18 81.06 17.17 2-64 Raynor. .. San Mateo . 37° 122° 22' 16' 1,300 1930-31 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 37.54 36.50 1940-41 1930-31 55.30 16.76 2-67 Redwood City San Mateo . 37° 122° 28' 14' 31 1930-31 1946-47 BD USWB 19.20 19.52 1940-41 1930-31 30.45 11.49 2-66 Rixford . . . San Mateo _ 37° 122° 23' 15' 450 1884-85 1937-38 B Private 24.95 24.04 1908-09 1923-24 41.12 11.72 2-52 San Andreas Lake San Mateo . 37° 122° 35' 24' 377 1868-69 1946-47 B SFPUC 36.59 31.84 1871-72 1917-18 82.72 15.58 2-55 San Mateo San Mateo _ 37° 122° 34' 20' 22 1874-75 1946-47 BC USWB 21.00 19.49 1889-90 1876-77 40.82 7.34 2-69 Searsville Lake San Mateo _ 37° 122° 24' 14' 350 1925-26 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 25.80 27.14 1937-38 1930-31 40.45 15.58 2-73 Schilling San Mateo . 37° 122° 23' 08' 400 1930-31 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 31.47 30.42 1940-41 1930-31 45.92 17.30 2-82 Skyline .. San Mateo . 37° 122° 19' 12' 2,200 1930-31 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 37.21 35.45 1939-40 1930-31 57.50 20.93 2-54 Upper Crys- tal Springs San Mateo . 37° 122° 30' 21' 300 1875-76 1946-47 B SFPUC 31.03 27.84 1889-90 1917-18 72.68 10.67 2-62 Woodside, Bear Gulch Creek San Mateo _ 37° 122° 25' 16' 600 1925-26 1946-47 B CWSCo. 34.00 37.03 1937-38 1930-31 56.61 17.67 2-81 Alameda Creek No. 9 Santa Clara 37° 121° 22' 30' 2,000 1913-14 1926-27 B SFPUC 17.43 18.96 1913-14 1923-24 29.95 6.85 104 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 19— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) Mean for — Maximum and No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 2-83 Black Moun- tain Santa Clara 37° 122° 16' 12' 2,300 1930-31 1946-47 B Stan. Univ. 26.03 25.09 1931-32 1938-39 42.91 13.47 2-90 Campbell. ... Santa Clara 37° 121° 18' 56' 217 1897-98 1937-38 BC USWB 15.67 14.85 1937-38 1912-13 24.03 5.29 2-86 Howell Reser- voir Santa Clara 37° 122° 11' 01' 1,400 1915-16 1946-47 B SJWWks. 37.29 40.05 1940-41 1923-24 71.38 14.94 2-84 Lake Ranch Reservoir Santa Clara 37° 122° 13' 04' 1,809 1926-27 1946-47 B SJWWks. 46.42 43.83 1940-41 1938-39 74.48 25.09 2-80 Lick Observa- tory Santa Clara 37° 121° 20' 39' 4,209 1881-82 1946-47 AB Private 28.94 27.98 1883-84 1923-24 58.09 11.56 2-88 Los Gatos Santa Clara 37° 121° 14' 58' 500 1885-86 1946-47 B USWB 37.36 28.94 1889-90 1923-24 67.22 11.41 2-89 Los Gatos Reservoir Santa Clara 37° 121° 14' 57' 560 1915-16 1946-47 B SJWWks. 26.71 28.68 1940-41 1923-24 53.14 11.11 2-92 Los Gatos Summit Santa Clara 37° 121° 09' 58' 1,800 1922-23 1937-38 B Private 39.04 43.57 1937-38 1923-24 67.50 14.45 2-87 Madera Col- orado Santa Clara 37° 121° 12' 59' 696 1915-16 1946-47 B SJWWks. 29.67 31.86 1937-38 1923-24 54.08 11.78 2-60 Main Station Santa Clara 37° 121° 20' 53' 100 1914-15 1946-47 B SJWWks. 13.18 13.61 1914-15 1923-24 22.67 5.88 2-74 Mountain View Santa Clara 37° 122° 24' 05' 79 1885-86 1943-44 B Private 14.96 14.08 1889-90 1912-13 31.15 6.04 2-71 Palo Alto Santa Clara 37° 122° 26' 10' 57 1910-11 1946-47 ABD USWB 15.48 15.93 1914-15 1923-24 26.64 7.06 2-78 San Jose Santa Clara 37° 121° 20' 54' 141 1874-75 1946-47 ABD USWB 14.33 13.72 1889-90 1876-77 30.30 4.83 2-76 Santa Clara . . Santa Clara 37° 121° 21' 56' 90 1881-82 1946-47 BC USWB 15.31 14.86 1889-90 1912-13 31.23 6.57 2-85 Saratoga Reservoir Santa Clara 37° 122° 15' 03' 577 1915-16 1946-47 B SJWWks. 29.30 31.46 1940-41 1923-24 55.48 11.01 2-91 Seven Mile Reservoir.- . Santa Clara 37° 121° 15' 55' 322 1915-16 1946-47 B SJWWks. 18.43 19.79 1940-41 1923-24 33.71 7.01 2-72 Stanford Cor- porationYard Santa Clara 37° 122° 25' 10' 118 1930-31 1940-41 B Stan. Univ. 18.59 16.81 1940-41 1930-31 27.99 9.36 2-75 Sunnyvale Santa Clara 37° 122° 22' 02' 97 1926-27 1941-42 B USWB 14.20 14.76 1940-41 1928-29 27.24 8.63 2-94 Williams Reservoir Santa Clara 37° 121° 07' 54' 1,222 1912-13 1946-47 B SJWWks. 40.70 43.79 1937-38 1917-18 73.96 19.32 2-93 Wrights - Santa Clara 37° 121° 08' 57' 1,600 1918-19 1946-47 BCD USWB 45.91 49.43 1920-21 1923-24 86.68 16.75 2-12 Green Valley . Solano 38° 122° 17' 10' 411 1893-94 1939-40 B Vallejo 27.45 28.74 1894-95 1938-39 50.38 15.16 2-19 Lake Herman. Solano 38° 122° 06' 09' 75 1849-50 1946-47 B Ben.W.Co. 18.59 17.75 1861-62 1923-24 42.50 6.73 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 105 TABLE 19— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 2-14 2-11 2-13 2-8 2-7 2-9 Suisun Wild Horse Valley Willota Ranch El Verano Petaluma Sonoma Solano Solano Solano Sonoma Sonoma Sonoma 38° 14' 122° 02' 38° 19' 122° 11' 38° 15' 122° 07' 38° 18' 122° 29' 38° 15' 122° 38' 38° 18' 122° 28' 20 1,243 60 104 30 30 1871-72 1938-39 1924-25 1939-40 1899-00 1946-47 1897-98 1928-29 1874-75 1946-47 1886-87 1906-07 BC USWB B Private B Private BCD SPCo. AB USWB BC USWB 19.16 26.53 22.41 24.04 24.06 28.46 18.86 26.70 22.10 26.29 24.48 26.52 1889-90 1923-24 1937-38 1938-39 1940-41 1923-24 1920-21 1919-20 1889-90 1890-91 1889-90 1887-88 39.38 8.05 42.47 14.62 42.08 10.04 34.91 12.30 46.04 8.05 53.24 20.67 ABBREVIATIONS-SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA Abbreviation A B TYPE OF RECORD Name Hourly Daily Abbreviation C D Name Monthly Seasonal Abbreviation Ben. W Co. CWS Co. EBMUD MMWD Stan. Univ. SFPUC S JW Wks. SO Co. SPCo. USWB Vallejo SOURCE OF RECORD Name Benicia Water Co. California Water Service Co. East Bay Municipal Utility District Marin Municipal Water District Stanford University- San Francisco Public Utilities Commission San Jose Water Works Standard Oil Co. Southern Pacific Co. United States Weather Bureau City of Vallejo 106 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 20 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number 2-29* 2-008 2-011 2-013 2-014 2-018 2-022 2-024 2-22* 2-025 2-026 2-028 2-030 2-032 2-034 2-035 2-40* 2-038 2-37* 2-053 2-80* 2-058 2-059 2-061 2-71* 2-78* 2-065 2-7* Station Berkeley Hay ward (near) Oakland Airport Upper San Leandro Filters Antioch (near) Martinez (near) Walnut Creek (near)__- Hamilton Field Mt. Tamalpais Mt. Tamalpais (near)-_ Novato (near) Atlas Road Oakville No. 1 Oakville (near) St. Helena (near) St. Helena No. 3 San Francisco San Francisco Airport-- South East Farallon Gilroy Lick Observatory Moffett Field Morgan Hill Mt. Madonna Palo Alto San Jose Fairfield (near) Petaluma County Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Contra Costa. Contra Costa. Contra Costa. Marin Marin Marin Marin Napa Napa Napa Napa Napa San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco Santa Clara__ Santa Clara __ Santa Clara. _ Santa Clara __ Santa Clara __ Santa Clara- _ Santa Clara __ Solano Sonoma Latitude Eleva- and tion, longitude feet 37° 52' 299 122° 16' 37° 38' 1,000 121° 58' 37° 44' 7 122° 12' 37° 46' 413 122° 10' 37° 56' 300 121° 47' 37° 59' 225 122° 08' 37° 55' 220 122° 01' 38° 03' 20 122° 30' 37° 56' 2,375 122' 35' 37° 54' 1,000 122° 34' 38° 07' 550 122° 42' 38° 26' 1,750 122° 15' 38° 26' 150 122° 25' 38° 24' 170 122° 28' 38° 30' 1,800 122° 32' 38° 34' 1,050 122° 22' 37° 47' 52 122° 25' 37° 37' 38 122° 23' 37° 42' 30 123° 00' 37° 03' 1,050 121° 27' 37° 20' 4,209 121° 39' 37° 24' 40 122° 03' 37° 07' 225 121° 39' 37° 01' 1,800 121° 43' 37° 26' 57 122° 10' 37° 20' 141 121° 54' 38° 15' 15 122° 03' 38° 15' 30 122° 38' Period of record Dec. June Nov. June Nov. June Jan. June Jan. June July June July June Jan. Sept. Jan. May Feb. June Oct. June Jan. June Dec. Jan. May June Dec. June Nov. June May June June June Mar. June Sept. July Sept. June May April Nov. June Nov. June Nov. June Sept. June Dec. June Jan. June 1923 1947 1939 1947 1940 1947 1945 1947 1945 1947 1944 1947 1944 1947 1940 1942 1907 1920 1947 1947 1943 1947 1940 1947 1943 1947 1940 1947 1939 1947 1939 1947 1906 1947 1944 1947 1941 1947 1943 1944 1888 1947 1940 1942 1945 1947 1945 1947 1910 1947 1906 1947 1944 1947 1943 1947 Source of record Univ. of Calif. USVVB USWB EBMUD USWB USWB USWB USAC USWB USWB USED USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB USCG USWB Private USAC USWB USWB City of Palo Alto USWB USWB USED Abbreviation USWB EBMUD USCG USAC USED SOURCE OF RECORD Name United States Weather Bureau East Bay Municipal Utility District United States Coast Guard United States Army Air Corps United States Corps of Engineers WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 107 TABLE 21 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA File number 2-001 2-002 2-003 2-004 2-005 2-006 2-007 2-008 2-009 2-010 2-011 2-012 2-013 2-014 2-015 2-016 2-017 2-018 2-019 2-020 2-021 2-022 2-023 2-024 2-025 2-026 2-027 2-028 2-029 2-030 2-031 Station Alameda Alameda Creek, 105A Centerville Dublin Eden Creek Hayward, Southern Pacific Co. . Hayward, Eschelson Hayward (near) Mt. Eden Newark Oakland Airport Pleasanton, Southern Pacific Co. Upper San Leandro Filters East Bay Municipal Utility District Antioch (near) Chenery Filter Plant Diablo Post Office Martinez Martinez (near) Orinda filter Peyton Rock City, Headquarters Walnut Creek (near) Walnut Creek No. 1 Hamilton Field „ Mt. Tamalpais (near) Novato (near) Sausalito No. 2 Atlas Road Oakville Oakville No. 1 Oakville No. 2 Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Alameda Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Marin Marin Marin Marin Napa Napa Napa Napa Latitude and longitude 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 122° 37° 122° 46' 15' 38' 42' 33' 00' 42' 57' 44' 59' 40' 05' 41' 06' 37° 38' 121° 58' 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 38' 07' 32' 02' 44' 12' 40' 52' 46' 122° 10' 37° 56' 121° 38° 122° 37° 121° 38° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 38° 122° 37° 121° 37° 122° 37° 122° 38° 122° 37° 122° 38° 122° 37° 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 47' 00' 03' 50' 58' 01' 08' 59' 08' 54' 12' 02' 06' 51' 56' 55' 01' 56' 04' 03' 30' 54' 34' 07' 42' 52' 29' 26' 15' 26' 25' 26' 25' 26' 24' Eleva- Period tion, of feet record 19 1910-13 800 1918-28 50 1897-98 450 1937-39 1,200 1940-45 100 1897- 1936 100 1935-39 1,000 1939-47 16 1899- 1900 25 1897- 1900 7 1940-47 360 1897- 1900 413 1945-47 300 1945-47 13 1931-39 500 1931-39 9 1897-03 1938-39 225 1944-47 360 1936-39 50 1909-10 1,700 1937-39 220 1944-47 75 1897- 1900 20 1940-42 1,000 1947 550 1943-47 25 1910-11 1,750 1940-47 150 1910-12 150 1943-47 161 1940-43 Type of record B B B B A Broken record B B A B B A B A A B B B A B B B A B A A A B A B A B 108 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 21— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA File number Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Type of record 2-032 Oakville (near) Napa 38° 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 37° 123° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 122° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 24' 28' 34' 26' 30' 32' 34' 22' 24' 15' 42' 00' 37' 23' 47' 24' 31' 16' 22' 13' 24' 19' 26' 18' 36' 23' 35' 24' 21' 14' 34' 20' 24' 56' 18' 56' 13' 44' 02' 35' 07' 29' 03' 27' 02' 26' 22' 00' 13' 52' 26' 53' 24' 03' 07' 39' 08' 39' 01' 43' 12' 49' 170 1,850 1,800 1,050 850 10 38 300 30 610 2,400 1,600 10 200 1,500 30 35 192 300 200 1,160 1,000 1,200 65 300 100 40 225 350 1,800 350 1940-47 1933-39 1939-47 1939-47 1934-39 1902-09 1944-47 1918-23 1897-98 1932-35 1931-33 1931-37 1898- 1900 1926-32 1933-39 1935-38 1897-99 1935-39 1898- 1900 1944-45 1941-42 1942-43 1944-47 1898- 1900 1902-05 1937-39 1940-42 1945-47 1899- 1900 1945-47 1898- 190Q A 2-033 Pacific Union College Napa B 2-034 St. Helena (near) Napa Napa A 2-035 St. Helena, No. 3 A 2-036 Sunnyside Napa. B 2-037 Farallon Island- _ __ San Francisco San Francisco San Francisco San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo San Mateo Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara B 2-038 San Francisco Airport A 2-039 Standard Oil Co _ B 2-040 Belmont C 2-041 Fitzhugh B 2-042 Kings Mountain B 2-043 Kings Mountain Road B 2-044 Millbrae B 2-045 Mills Estate Park B 2-046 Rancho Corte Madera _ - _ _ _ B 2-047 San Mateo No. 2 B 2-048 Agnews B 2-049 Campbell, Hyde B 2-050 Coyote B 2-051 Gilroy, No. 2 A 2-052 Gilroy Hot Springs A 2-053 2-054 Gilroy Hot Springs (near) _ _ - . Gilroy (near) A A 2-055 Lawrence ,. _■ B 2-056 Mercury - - B 2-057 Milpitas B 2-058 Moffett Field A 2-059 Morgan Hill A 2-060 Morgan Hill B 2-061 Mt. Madonna A 2-062 New Almaden B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 109 TABLE 21— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA File number Station County Latitude Eleva- Period and tion, of longitude feet record 36° 56' 200 1897- 121° 33' 1900 37° 25' 50 1897- 122° 10' 1901 38° 15' 15 1940-47 122° 03' 38° 19' 200 1938-39 122° 08' 38° 06' 23 1897-99 122' 15' 38° 07' 10 1914-19 122' 06' 38° 15' 75 1914-16 122° 10' 38° 22' 279 1897-98 122° 31' Type of record 2-063 2-064 2-065 2-066 2-067 2-068 2-069 2-070 Sargent Stanford University Fairfield (near) Glashoff Ranch South Vallejo Willotta Reclamation Ranch Willotta Viti Ranch Glen Ellen Santa Clara Santa Clara Solano Solano Solano Solano Solano Sonoma B B A B B B B B TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A Hourly B Daily C Monthly 110 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Q u 111 a. Ul X K- tt o Ik X h z £ X u < III < Ul Z tt ■" < z y < ►- co < 1- O a. u u Ul 06 Z a. < S u. 3 s Z < CN 7 CM s «> UJ s Z c CO Q 7 < Z 1- — < < 1- s «/> 3 OS s 3 X < u. s < Q Z Q < Z u Ul o fii u Ul u a. Z o s Ul o < Ul > < 1 _ O O Oi O ■a a sa O O 1—1 O O £co' d d O O CD <6> d d d O o3 02 H_l in d Oi rH CO 00 Oi UO 00 O CM O O CO o ■a a £a O O O O O O O O CO CO O O O O O O O O O >.-2 £?r j.!Sfc 1 _; CO CT> tH 00 "* H 1—1 CO uo (M CM 00 co co 1—1 1—1 1—1 1—1 T—i Mr-!-? T— 1 TtH uo 00 O CO 1—1 CD l> CD 00 00 uo CO CD 1> r— 1 § a 1— 1 1—1 o3.d 1—1 CN Oi CD 00 T^ O O -tfl co O CN Oi O O CM CD TjH O uo (N UO i-H UO i—i «is I m < n£ H +3 CI O H s M i_ >J < O m < >> 1-5 -1-3 02 So < a 02 -f3 ft cu 02 Xi +3 a 02 > O a 02 O 02 Q d 03 03 u -D 02 O "s-i ft < >> 03 02 d »-5 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 111 TABLE 23 ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL PRECIPITATION ON VALLEY AND MESA LANDS 1897-98 TO 1946-47 SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA Number on Plate 2 Stream or stream group basin 3-1 3-2 3-5 3-6 4-3 6-2 6-3 7-1 7-2 8-2 9-1 9-5 10 11 12 Petaluma Creek Group Napa River Basin Above gage near St. Helena Conn Creek above gage near St. Helena Remainder of Napa River above gage near Napa (below gages on Rector and Dry Creeks) Remainder of Napa River Suisun Creek Group Remainder of Suisun Creek Group (less Gordon Valley Creek above Lake Curry Dam, and Green Valley Creek above Lake Frey Dam) Mt. Diablo Creek Group East Bay Group San Leandro Creek above Chabot Dam Remainder of East Bay Group (less San Pablo Creek above San Pablo Dam) Alameda Creek Group Alameda Creek above gage near Niles Remainder of group including Niles Cone Coyote Creek Basin Remainder of Coyote Creek (below gage near Madrone) Guadalupe River Group Los Alamitos Creek above gage at Eden vale Santa Clara valley floor San Francisquito Creek Group San Mateo Creek Group Pescadero Creek Group TOTAL, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA Precipitation in acre-feet 196,000 35,500 3,200 51,200 118,000 179,000 101,000 3,100 128,000 91,300 59,800 107,000 9,000 130,000 41,600 87,100 11,700 1,352,500 112 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 11 20 10 1869-1890 TOTAL48.29INCHES ■ 1 ■ _ ^- ■i in ii ii ii mm 20 10 W o Id I U 20 z 10 MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1889-1890 TOTAL 45.36 INCHES ti m ■i in: ii ii i NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1905- 1906 TOTAL 23.64 INCHES 20 10 1905 - 1906 TOTAL 23 38 INCHES MINIMUM SEASON 1923-1924 TOTAL 10-26 INCHES > 3 -> o 3 < ►- 0. ui in 3 > O z o u a z < -> o u < 5 or a. < > < 2 u z 3 1 NAPA 20 I9II-I9I2 TOTAL 11.58 INCHES 10 5 < a. UJ o o > o z o UJ o z < -> m UJ b. It < 2 Z a. < 2 z" -> OAKLAND 20 z ,0 2 o h < I" 20 OL U io y 1889 - 1890 TOTAL 28.86 INCHES m ■nm ii m MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1889-1890 TOTAL30.30 INCHES 1 1 1 m 1 ■ ■ NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1924-1925 TOTAL 14.56 INCHES 20 10 1924-1925 TOTAL 14.24 INCHES MINIMUM SEASON 20 1876-1877 TOTAL 601 INCHES 10 > 3 *5 3 < 3 o o > o z o Ul o z < a! u U. < 2 c 0. < > < 2 Z -> LIVERMORE 1876-1877 TOTAL -4 83 INCHES 10 — ■ 3 < UJ <0 o o :> o UJ O -> s u u. 5 2 z z. < 2 3 -> SAN JOSE ^•j»> DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 113 114 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RUNOFF Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff of the San Francisco Bay Area for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is 1,245,000 acre-feet, or 1.8 percent of total surface runoff from mountain and foothill lands in the State. The minimum seasonal total of 93,000 acre-feet occurred in 1923-24, and the maximum, amounting to 3,130,000 acre-feet, in 1906-07. The 10-year period from 1923-24 to 1932-33 was the driest of record in the Area. During each season of that period, except 1926-27, runoff was less than the 53-year mean, and the average was only 49.1 percent of this long-time mean. Runoff from the Area is derived principally from rain, since snow falls on only a small portion. Approximately half the total runoff occurs between October 1st and February 15th, and about 30 percent during the following 90 days. Monthly runoff varies from approximately 1.5 percent of the seasonal total during the period from July to November inclusive, to 28 percent in the maximum month, usually in the spring. As of September 30, 1947, the United States Geological Survey was maintaining 14 stream gaging stations in the San Francisco Bay Area, principal stations being Coyote Creek near Madrone with a drainage area of 192 square miles, Alameda Creek near Niles with a drainage area of 634 square miles, and Napa River near St. Helena with a drainage area of 85 square miles. The only long-time records are those for Alameda and Coyote Creeks. Stream gaging stations of the Area are listed in Table 24, together with average, maximum, and minimum seasonal runoff for stations with records of ten years or more. The 14 gaging stations maintained by the Geological Survey measure runoff from 1,216 of the 3,967 square miles of land area in the San Francisco Bay Area. These stations are supple- mented by several, maintained by other agencies, which measure runoff from minor basins, each of less than 50 square miles. Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff from the Area by basins, subbasins, and stream groups for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is shown in Table 25. Of total mean seasonal natural runoff, approximately 614,000 acre-feet was estimated by the empirical formula described in Chapter III. Estimates of seasonal natural runoff of main stream and tributary basins for which there are partial records are given in Table 26. A record of flow of Lagunitas Creek at Alpine Dam was obtained from the Marin County Municipal Water District. This record was begun in 1914-15 and covers 27 of the past 33 years. Runoff for missing seasons, and for seasons prior to commencement of the record was estimated by comparison with runoff of San Leandro Creek. Among records used in computing and estimating natural flows in the Area secured from WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 115 sources other than the United States Geological Survey were the following : Record Source Storage in Conn and Milliken reservoirs City of Napa Storage and diversions of runoff from Gordon Valley and Green Valley Creeks City of Vallejo Runoff in San Leandro and San Pablo Creeks East Bay Municipal Utility District Runoff and storage for Alameda and Calaveras Creeks Public Utilities Commission, City of San Francisco Runoff and diversions from drainage areas tributary to Santa Clara Valley Santa Clara Valley Water Conservation District An indication of variation in monthly flow to be expected of a typical stream in the San Francisco Bay Area appears in the following tabulation : AVERAGE MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE SEASONAL RUNOFF, COYOTE CREEK NEAR MADRONE (Drainage Area— 192 Square Miles) Month Percent of seasonal average Acre-feet October _ . 1.3 1.1 5.4 17.4 26.9 27.7 10.4 3.2 2.3 1.6 1.4 1.3 700 November 600 December 3,000 January 9,600 February 14,800 March 15,200 April 5,700 May 1,700 June 1,300 July 900 August _ 800 September 700 Totals _ 100.0 55,000 • FLOOD FLOWS Coyote and Alameda Creeks are the main streams in the San Fran- cisco Bay Area. Records for Coj^ote Creek near Madrone extend from October, 1902, to September, 1912, and from December, 1916, to date. A maximum instantaneous discharge of about 25,000 second-feet prob- ably occurred on March 7, 1911. Records of Alameda Creek near Niles run from October, 1916, to date, and the peak flow during this period was 13,900 second-feet on February 10, 1922. 116 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA z o < «n u O 2 < Z ui « < Z oo O < u UI V> " s 13 5 u. I z Z u -+ < o CN s Z ui s o < I a § «> « a s < UI UI © >- 2 2 UI "^ < o 9 M z O < tt «/> u 2 ui o " < t o z 5 < o < UI a H -u O O 0) 0) OS 00 cp l> S 1 0) 1—1 9 O S < 3 a P. o 03 o3 03 1— 1 CO 1 co 1 O co CO 02 OS I— 1 OS 1—1 -1-3 o t^ CO os CO -* i 9 1 CD 10 of o OJ S < • i-^ o3 d o I— 1 CO CO 03 e3 03 CO b- Tt* co OS OS 1— 1 i-H „ -1-3 bCT3 53 O «_ fa **r T— 1 1— 1 |'S ° §2 10 OS* ^ a £. S > o O <^ < t^ 1—1 CM t^ t^ 1—1 1— 1 >-l t-t CO O CO <* 1 t 1 co 1 i t I 4 t t co 1 1 fa O CD O OS 05 OS OS CO 1— t 1— I 1— 1 1—1 -* 1—1 o Ol CO O 00 OS OS ^ 00 iO CO CO 01 Tfi fa o3 > Ol .— < CO 1— 1 CO 1—1 rH ad® a « ^ o a) •43 <« Latitude and 0) 73 O OS tH CC 00 T^ "O 1— 1 co 1— ( ^ 1—1 iO T— | CO O t> 00 P -^ «*H bfl d CO CI (N (N (M i-H O CO 1—1 Ol T— 1 O Ol O 01 — H O Ol 1—1 O 01 i-H O Ol 00 (N 00 oq 00 (N 00 Ol t^ Ol 1> Ol 1^. Ol l> Ol t» Ol CO *d T3 (1 O d 03 1 • i-H d P T3 u O d o3 1—t d CD 1 H-3 < o3 M O o3 a 03 1— < 03 d 1— * r2 d -t-3 03 d <0 P T3 -1-3 CO u 03 t-i O d 03 -t-3 CO +3 03 -f3 03 M '08 Ah 03 location station W CO w CO > d P !* c3 a C9 u > O 03 O a p 03 0> d 03 -t-3 CO 03 CD d 'c8 P 03 CO -*3 o3 'ol P CD CD O O CD CD U O O -4_D ^4 CD CD fa O O 03 e3 b c3 d d 9m ^ O o3 -f3 +3 d 03 S o3 e fa +3 co © d fa > a c3 <1S d M O d d O c3 d CD OS H O P O d > K s3 a e3 CD h O O -»-3 03 > O OS as u d CD > CD CO 03 d o3 O 03 03 1-5 > H 03 O P 03 (h H 03 O > "8 > p O 03 O CD P 03 (h H 03 O 'P O! .2 *S p 03 Fh -t-» 03 d 03 CQ P ."g 5 £ d 8? 8 •a '*' fa d e3 P dCL, 03 CO 'P 03 • *h CD P c3 P o3 CQ 1 S fa rH. 03 5 <^ Ol 1 CO I CM 1> 1 00 1 CM OS 1 Ol O i—l 1 Ol t co 1 1 »o 1 fc^ Pu Ol Ol 01 Ol Ol Ol WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 117 © © to IO © CO H "5 © <* © © © t» id o © IO © to CO © CO © © © CM © © co o to © © to >o © © © © © CM © © © 00 iO©OOr-iOO©COOO©©^COC^iOCMCOC(NTj<^Ht^^-ii^iOO©©00©Tti»OOOiOOO lOHifliNiOHiOO'O'- i-<#©-^iO-^iO'^'^COOCOiOCO'^W T ^COTFCO T * | CO»OCO'OCO»0 oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo NNN(Nh"ClNHNHNHNrH|>Hb»HNi-lNHNHNHh'HNH MWMNM(NW(NMNMNMNMWMNCOWCO(NCONro«MNroMro(NMNWW i i o l-H X* o3 Ph CI o3 CO Ih c3 © © © o .O o3 Ph d o3 CO O X> o3 Pm a o3 CO 03 © o o 03 Ph 03 CO © i-H o a Ph u o3 © a M 0) CD o 'o .a Pm -^ +3 © ,d ho •a w HH 03 © O > © © Ph © -t-3 -t-a © 03 HH +3 03 03 O O +^> 03 M © © o o o3 o © 03 HH 03 M © © o o d i 03 © l-H o3 « £?£ S 03 e3 HH CO Q t-l 03 © el Pm © ^ Ih © © o u o (H © o S 03 o3 CO 03 3 H 03 © a co o3 to e3 O O (-. <1 d o -1-3 d 03 co o3 © t Ph 03 © d o3 d d W) 03 H^ o3 © O >> o (h o d d co 03 © d © © o d o -1-3 d < d 03 CO u 03 © d o xi o o o >> o ■<-> u z * © 03 > r— * © o >> o H N O d d co «-i 03 © d © © o co 03 IH © 03 < < O O d d o3 © d © © Jh o 03 T3 © I 03 5j o d d co +3 03 © © O o3 T3 © a 03 3 Sh 03 © d 4h © © IH o 03 T3 © a 03 5? j§ a 03 Q co © +3 03 © © IH o o3 © a 03 3 © i CM T-H CM 03 i— i CM X2 i-H I CM 00 I CM © i-H CM © i CM i CM i co - go 111 •" < o < a s O «A U Z "• < (A O z 5 < o < 111 u 05 I 05 o d O CO 03 05 GO 05 I 05 o o CO 05 GO c3 O 73 a> o ' 05 >> o 73 s- O O 05 § "2 O CD 73 73 O u cB ° § « cp I I I - S ^ 05 o3 fl d e3 bO "S 2 ■21 73 5 03 o3 05 F-i GO i d h _ * 52; s o o o o o o 1 o CM CO CM Ci O o o o o o CM CM CO CM Oi o CO o o o <© CO CM o o co 10 10 ^Q^Q^QWH^^^Q GO GO O O GO GO P P GO o GO p GO a GO P GO o GO P GO a GO P o p GO O P GO GO O GO P GO o GO P GO O GO P GO O GO P Ci OS CM .-h CO h- O i-H C5 05 Oi CO 1— 1 OS 1— I I CO 1— I HNC5 Tj< TH 1-1 O CO CO tJ< T^ i-H OS 05 05 o CO I 1—1 CM o co CM CM b- b- CO ^ ^ OCMqo CM CO CO CO !^ O t-h O i-h oi 05 03 C3) OJ t^ 00 O i-H CO CO O 1-1 o CM o co o CO co co o o CO o CM o CM o to CM O CO CM O iO CM CX)iOiOCNU5CNTtOCOW COiOCOOCOOCOO^OCOiOCOCMCOCM^HCOi-iTjH^-iTtii-iTj* oooooooooooooo"~ooooooooo Nr-INNNCN1NINN(NNHMNN(NNHNHNHNH C0WCOCMC0 o Q 03 05 05 05 (h o >» Q o o o 05 Q o3 05 05 o 03 73 05 a 03 > 05 +a fi 05 o 03 05 d W) ^O GO o3 73 PI 03 o 73 !-. o3 03 w 03 ^4 05 05 h o o d 05 (h O d o3 GO d o -p> M d -^ 05 05 Fh O 03 d d bJO o3 a 03 Q 05 CO 05 CO o3 05 u 73 d u 05 CO 05 & CO _g 'u a GO 03 ■1- co ^*> h o 05 d o 73 o3 u o3 05 d 05 05 U o 05 o >> o O 05 -P5 O 05 O >> -P> >1 O O O O >> 03 O O 03 05 -P> d crt ^ 05 03 03 05 Fh 05 05 O GO GO 05 03 o3 ■+J d CI O d d >J So tar O o3 03 u hJ hJ CO I CM CM CO I CM CO CO CM CO CM id co 1 CM CO CO I CM co 1 CN O0 CO (M 05 CO o CM CM I CM CM WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 119 O O O O O O O O O O 10 00 b- CO rH rH co H b- co H CO rH OS CD co CO CO CO CO CM CM 06 •* CO co co co CO OS CT> OS OS Oi OS 1— 1 y—t rH rH T—i rH O O O O O O CO O O O CM b- rH O b- co co" ■* CO* Os" 00" 00 CO rH T-l O t^ rH rH rH 00 00 1— 1 00 00 rH CO CO "* CO co Tjt b!. b- 6 b- ti CO co ■^ co CO ^ os OS OS OS Oi OS rH rH rH rH rH rH O O O O O O O O O O O O *°. °°„ O co IO CM os" co" OO" b-^" O b-" CM H (M CO < ■* b- b- b- b- co b- b- *# b- b- © co "f 1— 1 "t t "t "f ""f "T "t CO co O CO ci O tO O O 4* O o i—i co 1— 1 CO CO -tf CO co Tt< co OS 35 o> OS OS os 03 OS OS os OS tH rH rH 1— 1 rH rH rH rH rH I— 1 rH rH o O O O O O O CM OS b- O CM 00 CO rH O CM i— 1 1— ( t^ T— 1 b- rH t> rH b- rH t^ rH t^ rH t^ CM CO N CO CM CO IN CO CM co CM CO CM CO CM CO CM CO CM T— 1 rH rH ^t rH rH rH H rH >> 1 -^> 1 Pi w 3 o O -O rH © JO "03 > © Pi 13 © to O -rS 03 O -03 O 73 03 bfi c3 O © w 1-5 CD T3 e3 1-5 PI o3 GO a o ■ H 5 O © • iH a 03 13 1 — 1 03 03 03 O a £ >» pq >l >> 03 o3 03 03 o O Pi pi O 03 O O O 3 O O r-l rJ O CM CO -* iO CO t^ 00 OS O <* "T t **T -* ^ ^1 •^ iO | CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM CM o of O u 111 u cc o CO o DC o u LU LU Q. >- o g •'C o CQ © r2"o3s 03 a ° ^o3rt -U-rJ •rl W pj PHw ■ri M rl •fwgp SPhS PI © .S pi FJ >»t3 o £ -h f-> 03 0) I I I I 120 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 25 ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, INCLUDING RUNOFF OF STREAMS FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO RECORDS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Acre-feet Number on Plate 2 1-1 1-2 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 4-1 4-2 4-3 6-1 6-2 6-3 7-1 7-2 8-1 8-2 9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-6 10 11 12 Basin, sub-basin, or stream group Sub-basin or main tributary Lagunitas Creek Group Lagunitas Creek above Alpine Dam.. Remainder of Lagunitas Creek Group. Petaluma Creek Group Napa River Basin Above gage near St. Helena Conn Creek above gage near St. Helena Rector Creek above Rector Dam Dry Creek above gage near Yountville Remainder of Napa River above gage near Napa. Above gage near Napa Remainder of Napa River Napa River at mouth Suisun Creek Group Gordon Valley Creek above Lake Curry Dam- Green Valley Creek above Lake Frey Dam Remainder of Suisun Creek Group Mt. Diablo Creek Group. East Bay Group San Pablo Creek above San Pablo Dam. San Leandro Creek above Chabot Dam. Remainder of East Bay Group Alameda Creek Group Alameda Creek above gage near Niles Remainder of group including Niles Cone. Coyote Creek Basin Above gage near Madrone__ Remainder of Coyote Creek. Coyote Creek at mouth Guadalupe River Group Guadalupe River above gage at Guadalupe Los Alamitos Creek above gage near Edenvale. Los Gatos Creek above gage at Los Gatos Stevens Creek above gage near Cupertino Remainder of Guadalupe River Group San Francisquito Creek Group San Mateo Creek Group Pescadero Creek Group -- -- TOTAL, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA. 15,100 110,000 65,400 26,400 8,400 13,500 15,400 Subtotals 57,200 8,100 1,700 39,000 14,100 16,700 37,000 118,700 12,000 61,600 27,400 8,700 16,100 35,800 9,800 29,100 Total for basin or group 230,000 129,100 186,300 48,800 37,300 67,800 130,700 89,000 99,500 17,900 28,100 185,000 1,245,500 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 121 TABLE 26 ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95..-. 95-96.--. 96-97. ... 97-98.... 98-99.... 1899-1900. . 00-01 01-02.__. 02-03 03-04.... 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08..-. 08-09.-.. 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Lagunitas Creek above Alpine Dam 31,600 17,700 21,800 3,600 13,100 11,100 13,700 14,100 18,900 27,700 11,100 22,600 29,800 10,100 28,800 11,200 29,700 4,200 4,600 23,600 25,400 19,400 20,400 4,100 17,000 4,000 12,000 12,300 13,600 3,900 25,500 11,200 20,700 13,500 5,200 7,900 3,600 10,900 6,100 5,000 12,900 18,600 12,100 25,600 3,700 23,600 29,100 26,300 19,100 10,100 11,600 13,300 5,000 15,100 Napa River near St. Helena 109,000 98,900 98,900 23,800 34,700 64,500 70,100 98,900 81,000 166,000 90,600 94,400 108,000 29,600 127,000 40,900 85,600 43,000 23,000 133,000 111,000 111,000 50,100 13,800 55,600 4,200 84,500 41,300 49,700 4,000 60,500 60,500 88,900 52,800 9,400 56,800 5,100 40,100 16,700 26,700 64,700 63,900 44,200 134,000 4,200 112,000 153,000 118,000 61,200 30,200 41,100 50,500 22,000 65,400 Conn Creek near St. Helena 46,600 41,000 41,000 7,200 11,200 25,800 26,900 41,000 31,800 82,900 36,900 38,700 46,400 11,700 59,700 13,800 34,000 14,500 7,100 60,800 47,700 47,700 17,700 3,900 19,900 700 33,600 14,400 17,300 600 22,200 22,200 36,000 18,800 2,300 16,600 1,100 15,500 4,400 5,500 23,400 24,800 18,800 59,400 1,400 45,000 75,400 53,500 23,100 10,400 15,000 18,500 5,700 26,400 Rector Creek above Rector Dam 13,100 11,700 11,700 3,300 4,300 7,900 8,200 11,700 9,400 22,100 10,600 11,100 13,000 4,400 16,300 4,900 10,000 5,100 3,200 16,600 13,300 13,300 5,900 2,500 6,400 1,600 9,800 4,900 5,800 1,600 7,000 7,000 10,400 6,200 2,100 6,500 1,100 5,200 3,300 3,200 8,000 6,100 6,900 16,400 1,700 13,800 18,500 14,800 11,400 6,700 9,100 10,600 7,100 8,400 Dry Creek near Yountville 24,100 20,900 20,900 3,500 5,400 12,800 13,400 20,900 16,000 44,600 18,600 19,600 24,000 5,700 31,500 6,700 17,300 7,000 3,400 32,100 24,700 24,700 8,600 1,900 9,700 300 16,800 7,000 8,400 500 10,800 10,800 18,100 9,100 1,100 8,100 900 7,000 2,300 2,800 11,400 12,500 9,200 34,600 700 23,300 36,700 27,800 11,300 5,200 7,400 9,000 2,800 13,500 Napa River near Napa below tributary gages 25,500 22,700 22,700 5,700 7,800 14,600 15,200 22,700 18,000 43,900 20,500 21,600 25,300 8,000 32,200 9,000 19,200 9,300 5,700 32,700 26,200 26,000 11,100 4,200 12,000 2,600 19,000 9,100 10,900 2,400 13,300 13,300 20,100 11,600 3,300 12,300 2,300 8,500 4,600 6,400 14,200 14,100 11,600 33,200 2,700 26,400 38,900 27.900 13,000 7,700 8,700 10,900 6,000 15,400 122 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 26— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASENS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900- _ 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47___. MEAN Napa River near Napa 218,300 195,200 195,200 43,500 63,400 125,600 133,800 195,200 156,200 359,500 177,200 185,400 216,700 59,400 266,700 75,300 166,100 78,900 42,400 275,200 222,900 222,700 93,400 26,300 103,600 9,400 163,700 76,700 92,100 9,100 113,800 113,800 173,500 98,500 18,200 100,300 10,500 76,300 31,300 44,600 121,700 121,400 90,700 277,600 10,700 220,500 322,500 242,000 120,000 60,200 81,300 99,500 43,600 129,100 Napa River Napa Gage to mouth 99,500 88,000 88,000 16,600 25,200 56,000 58,200 87,800 68,600 176,000 78,900 83,200 98,900 26,300 127,000 30,700 73,100 31,900 16,600 129,000 102,000 102,000 38,900 10,000 43,400 3,400 72,300 31,400 38,000 2,900 48,200 48,200 77,300 41,500 6,700 40,400 3,100 31,700 11,600 16,300 51,500 52,900 41,500 129,000 4,100 92,400 158,000 112,000 48,900 24,200 31,400 39,500 15,500 57,200 Napa River at mouth 317,800 283,200 283,200 60,100 88,600 181,600 192,000 283,000 224,800 535,500 256,100 268,600 315,600 85,700 393,700 106,000 239,200 110,800 59,000 404,200 324,900 324,700 132,300 36,300 147,000 12,800 236,000 108,100 130,100 12,000 162,000 162,000 250,800 140,000 24,900 140,700 13,600 108,000 42,900 60,900 173,200 174,300 132,200 406,600 14,800 312,900 480,500 354,000 168,900 84,400 112,700 139,000 59,100 186,300 Gordon Valley Creek above Lake Curry Dam 14,800 12,900 12,900 1,600 3,000 7,800 8,200 12,900 9,800 26,900 11,500 12,100 14,700 3,100 19,100 3,800 10,600 4,000 1,600 19,500 15,100 15,100 5,100 500 5,800 400 10,400 3,800 5,000 400 6,600 6,600 11,200 6,100 1,900 3,200 500 4,600 900 1,800 5,800 7,100 5,800 17,300 800 14,600 25,600 16,600 6,700 3,000 2,700 4,100 1,100 8,100 Green Valley above Lake Frey Dam 3,000 2,600 2,600 500 800 1,700 1,700 2,600 2,000 5,200 2,300 2,500 2,900 800 3,800 900 2,200 1,000 500 3,800 3,000 3,000 1,200 300 1,300 100 2,100 900 1,100 100 1,400 1,400 2,300 1,300 300 800 200 1,200 400 500 1,800 1,700 1,400 3,400 2,100 2,600 2,500 1,600 1,100 1,200 1,400 500 1,700 San Pablo Creek above San Pablo Reservoir 41,600 15,500 21,300 900 10,600 8,600 11,300 11,700 17,000 32,300 8,600 22,700 37,100 7,600 34,800 8,600 36,900 1,500 11,900 24,400 32,600 26,800 11,300 1,720 12,800 1,000 9,700 10,800 9,530 720 9,290 7,710 19,100 8,920 2,900 4,880 950 10,100 2,320 2,440 8,560 14,500 16,900 30,400 1,920 27,400 29,800 24,500 15,600 9,200 14,100 10,500 3,830 14,100 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 123 TABLE 26— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900.- 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08- __ 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13--. 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22..- 22-23-.. 23-24 1924-25 25-26. -_ 26-27. ._ 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 __ 35-36 .. 36-37. -. 37-38--. 38-39 1939-40. .. 40-41 41-42 42-43... 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN San Leandro Creek above Chabot Dam 39,700 20,600 26,300 1,200 14,300 11,500 15,100 15,600 22,300 34,300 11,500 27,300 37,300 10,100 35,900 11,600 37,100 2.000 2,600 28,700 34,400 30,500 15,100 1,800 19,600 1,700 12,700 13,200 15,000 1,100 15,100 7,800 24,400 12,900 3,600 6,700 1,400 16,700 4,200 3,100 11,900 22,300 19,500 34,000 3,100 28,500 32,500 27,300 21,600 7,800 16,600 12,300 2,600 16,700 Remainder of East Bay Group 144,000 36,000 58,000 600 19,300 14,000 21,300 22,000 41,300 103,000 14,000 63,300 125,000 12,000 114,000 14,700 123,000 2,000 2,700 70,700 105,000 80,000 21,300 2,000 32,700 1,300 16,000 16,700 20,700 600 21,300 9,300 50,000 16,000 4,000 8,000 1,300 25,000 4,700 3,300 14,700 41,300 32,700 101,000 4,300 72,700 90,700 67,800 36,600 13,800 23,400 14,800 6,400 37,000 Total East Bay Group 225,300 72,100 105,600 2,700 44,200 34,100 47,700 49,300 80,600 169,600 34,100 113,300 199,400 29,700 184,700 34,900 197,000 5,500 7,200 123,800 172,000 137,300 47,700 5,520 65,100 4,000 38,400 40,700 45,230 2,420 45,690 24,810 93,500 37,820 10,500 19,580 3,650 51,800 11,220 8,840 35,160 78,100 69,100 165,400 9,320 128,600 153,000 119,600 73,800 30,800 54,100 37,600 12,830 67,800 Alameda Creek near Niles 268,000 125,000 210,000 13,600 71,000 59,200 133,000 99,100 128,000 119,000 63,600 225,000 355,000 65,900 263,000 106,000 299,000 34,700 21,800 207,000 213,000 270,000 109,000 36,600 123,000 31,100 98,800 155,000 87,900 16,600 49,200 79,000 108,000 69,000 28,700 56,500 22,700 132,000 29,300 32,200 72,700 136,000 150,000 319,000 24,400 167,000 242,000 169,000 127,000 85,700 112,000 51,900 17,300 118,700 Coyote Creek near Madrone 161,000 67,200 124,000 1,700 31,300 23,200 67,200 44,400 83,200 35,800 31,800 117.000 204,000 47,200 176,000 51,100 12R.000 6,400 3,800 189,000 121,000 153,000 70,200 12,400 47,500 14,000 56.800 69,100 50,700 900 13,200 40.300 53,300 22,500 7,300 20,100 1,700 69,800 8,100 10,700 32,000 54,300 75,300 156,000 7,000 76,200 146,000 76,000 67,800 49,300 53,300 30,100 9,000 61,600 Minor East Side Streams 69,000 40,100 42,000 1,900 13,600 16,900 41,000 20,800 28,000 13,200 22,000 46,300 72,400 17,400 60,000 19,600 55,800 9,700 5,000 65,600 47,800 59,900 35,800 32,300 16,500 7,900 20,500 40,200 25,600 1,300 7,700 28,100 36,200 12,800 6,300 8,200 1,200 29,500 3,100 9,700 17,300 25,200 32,600 55,600 4,700 31,300 67,200 38,000 30,900 19,200 22,800 13,500 3,400 27,400 124 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 26— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96.... 96-97.--. 97-98. - _ . 98-99..-. 1899-1900- . 00-01.-.. 01-02 02-03-.- 03-04.-.. 1904-05..-. 05-06.-.. 06-07---. 07-08.-.. 08-09.--. 1909-10..-. 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15.... 15-16.-.. 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33.... 33-34.--. 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38.-.. 38-39.-.. 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Coyote River at mouth 230,000 107,300 166,000 3,600 44,900 40,100 108,200 65,200 111,200 49,000 53,800 163,300 276,400 64,600 236,000 70,700 181,800 16,100 8,800 254,600 168,800 212,900 106,000 45,700 64,000 21,900 77,300 109,300 76,300 2,200 20,900 68,400 89,500 35,300 13,600 28,300 2,900 99,300 11,200 20,400 49,300 79,500 107,900 211,600 11,700 107,500 213,200 114,000 98,700 68,500 76,100 43,600 12,400 89,000 Guadalupe River at Guadalupe Gage 22,800 14,600 10,500 1,400 4,500 6,400 15,200 6,400 6,900 4,000 8,100 13,400 20,700 5,000 15,800 5,700 19,100 2,500 1,000 17,100 13,900 17,100 12,000 5,100 4,500 3,500 5,600 14,500 8,500 1,200 3,600 10,700 9,500 5,000 3,400 3,200 700 8,800 2,000 5,200 7,100 6,500 9,800 22,600 2,000 12,700 17,200 13,100 8,300 5,400 7,300 5,300 2,100 8,700 Los Alamitos Creek near Edenvale 47,200 29,200 20,300 400 7,300 11,400 30,400 11,400 12,600 6,200 15,200 26,500 42,400 8,200 29,900 9,800 38,900 2,800 34,600 27,500 34,500 23,600 8,300 7,300 5,000 9,600 28,800 15,800 5,200 20,600 18,300 8,200 4,800 7,300 17,700 900 7,000 10,200 9,800 17,700 48,100 700 23,900 38,700 24,500 17,900 7,200 11,900 7,400 1,400 16,100 Los Gatos Creek at Los Gatos 88,300 60,500 44,300 6,300 19,500 27,600 62,500 27,600 29,600 17,500 34,500 55,800 81,400 21,500 65,800 24,400 76,300 10,800 4,300 69,200 57,500 69,300 50,300 21,800 19,600 15,200 24,200 59,900 36,000 4,900 14,800 44,900 38,800 21,900 14,900 13,600 2,900 31,400 7,300 18,000 29,300 28,600 37,000 82,200 6,200 59,700 81,400 53,900 36,300 19,000 32,900 26,100 9,300 35,800 Stevens Creek near Cupertino 25,800 16,200 11,600 1,500 5,000 7,000 16,800 7,100 7,700 4,400 9,000 14,800 23,200 5,500 17,500 6,200 21,300 2,700 1,000 19,100 15,300 18,900 13,300 5,500 5,000 3,800 6,200 16,000 9,300 1,300 3,900 11,700 10,500 5,500 3,800 3,400 800 6,900 1,800 3,700 6,900 6,900 9,400 23,100 2,100 18,500 28,300 17,800 11,900 4,200 7,500 7,900 3,600 9,800 Minor West Side Streams 82,300 51,100 35,700 2,200 12,800 20,200 53,200 20,200 22,000 10,800 26,600 46,500 74,100 14,400 55,400 17,100 67,900 5,700 700 48,900 48,200 60,300 41,400 14,800 21,000 14,800 17,200 50,700 27,900 1,400 9,300 36,200 32,000 14,500 8,700 8,100 700 29,100 2,000 15,000 19,700 22,300 33,400 72,800 3,400 46,900 88,800 47,100 29,000 14,200 19,700 16,900 4,900 29,100 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 125 TABLE 26— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA In Acre-feet Oct. Season 1-Sept. 30 San Francisquito Creek Group San Mateo Creek Group 56,300 20,100 28,100 1,000 12,300 64,600 30,900 52,700 1,900 22,900 9,550 13,300 13,900 22,100 43,000 18,300 24,100 25,100 35,900 63,300 9,550 30,100 50,000 8,040 46,800 18,300 45,800 72,200 16,000 68,000 9,800 49,800 1,500 1,750 32,600 18,500 71,500 3,100 4,300 49,100 43,800 36,000 13,400 1,500 18,600 63,700 53,900 20,200 3,100 30,900 1,250 10,600 10,800 13,100 1,000 1,900 20,900 20,600 24,600 1,500 13,400 6,030 25,100 10,800 2,760 7,600 11,100 40,900 19,800 5,400 5,030 1,500 15,400 3,830 1,590 10,700 2,100 26,700 6,700 5,000 12,400 16,000 25,400 42,900 1,880 18,900 35,900 31,300 62,200 5,000 31,600 39,400 30,100 21,400 6,030 48,000 58,500 49,600 34,600 12,800 14,900 10,300 26,500 19,800 1,750 4,000 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900. . 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29_ _.. 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43^4 1944-45 45-46___ 1946-47 MEAN 17,900 28,100 126 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA FLOOD FREQUENCIES In flood-frequency studies for streams in this Area, shown on Plate 12, "Alameda Creek Flood Discharge near Niles, Coyote Creek Flood Discharge near Madrone, ' ' measured flow at the gaging stations was used except as noted in the following paragraph. The flood-frequency study for Alameda Creek near Niles was based on records at Sunol (drainage area 620 square miles) from October, 1900, to February, 1917, and on records near Niles (drainage area 634 square miles) from February, 1917, through the season of 1946-47. However, from 1925 to 1947 the drainage area of Alameda Creek near Niles was reduced by the 100 square miles of drainage area above Calaveras Dam, owing to storage in Calavaras Reservoir, except during the following periods of spill : February 11, 1938, to February 23, 1938 (first spill) March 2, 1938, to March 29, 1938 February 17, 1941, to March 19, 1941 March 30, 1941, to April 18, 1941 April 11, 1945, to May 14, 1945 The flood-frequency study for Coyote Creek near Madrone includes corrections for regulation by Coyote Reservoir. QUALITY OF WATER Both surface and ground waters are utilized extensively in the San Francisco Bay Area. Surface waters are generally of good to excellent mineral quality and suitable for domestic, agricultural, and industrial uses. A few of the smaller streams, including those tributary to Napa River and Coyote Creek, have boron content near the upper limit of safe use on sensitive plants. Inorganic analyses of samples taken from 15 surface streams are reported in Table 27. They show the following gen- eral chemical characteristics : total solubles from 154 to 461 parts per million ; specific electrical conductance (K x 10 5 at 25° C.) from 22 to 66 ; elemental boron from none to 1.00 part per million ; and percent sodium from 4 to 44. These are all carbonate waters. The dominant base may be either calcium, magnesium, or sodium, dependent upon types of rocks in the drainage basin. Analyses recorded in Table 27 were chosen to repre- sent concentrations nearest to the average for the stream. Ground waters have generally been overdrawn in San Mateo, Santa Clara, Alameda, and Contra Costa Counties, and in the southwest portion of Solano County. Pumping lifts are high in portions of the ground water basins, and in a number of wells close to the shore of San Francisco Bay overdraft has resulted in excessive salinity. Except for areas where quality has depreciated because of long-standing overdraft or intrusion of sea water, ground waters are generally of good quality and suitable for a wide variety of uses. Analyses of representative samples collected in Santa Clara Valley, as reported in Table 28, show total solubles of from 317 to 552 parts per million, specific electrical conductance (KxlO 5 at 25° C.) from 45.4 to 78.8, elemental boron from none to 1.01 parts per million, and percent sodium from 14 to 76. The natural ground waters are generally of the calcium bicarbonate type, although occasionally magnesium or sodium may be the dominant base. Analyses of other ground waters in the area outside zones of contamination are also reported in Table 28. 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' 'o 1 CM o Ph ► <*- O 1 I 1 1 1 o a S o a o a £ o o CM iO »o H to H to" CD -(J "v\ o a 1 1 o o o £ T^ CM CO r* 1 T— 1 i CM 1—1 Q i tO "ft a CO a d CO a a 6 CD CO 6 CD CO 6 CD CO o >> CO 1 7—1 1 T-H 1 CO t-l i— i o CD CO CO CO "a a S3 1—1 1 i CM # , CD 0) ^ CO CO CO CO CO > -2 H £ c3 .9 CD .S t-l CD 03 a 1 p-h" CD 'a; c3 > tH ■ o 0> FH o o S3 CO o3 O o ^ CD * 2 ti £ Ph t-< o £ > > oQ d co Q CO < Q CO < P CO 3 t-i Q Q Q 3 i3 s ^ b p P |3 |X| o 13 CO 1 00 CN CO < O UJ (.O to Z o > UJ Q£ CQ CO < to CD U S3 ■!-» 1—4 S3 O "u < co o p+j §§ CO S «S (h a CD CD Q c3 |> CD O+j ■S'g .22 2 Q.3 1 Ph^ •S i^w tO 132 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA e o O ©> s CO •** rO O o w % o tf $ GO i— i M O U CO M o « WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 133 Range in chemical characteristics of ground waters in Alameda Creek Basin is shown in Table 29 by a summary of analyses made in 1940 of four municipal supplies. TABLE 29 INORGANIC ANALYSES OF GROUND WATERS FROM SUPPLIES OF FOUR MUNICIPALITIES IN ALAMEDA COUNTY In Milligram Equivalents per Liter Constituent Pleasanton Niles Centerville Hayward* Calcium (Ca) - __ . 1.90 2.38 0.39 3.47 0.68 0.52 4.60 2.29 1.52 6.13 1.63 0.65 3.20 2.46 1.52 4.71 0.87 1.60 2.40 Magnesium (Mg) _ _ Sodium (Na) __ __ - . . 1.31 7.17 Carbonate (C0 3 ) -f Bicarbonate (HCO3) Chloride (CI) 5.94 4.11 Sulphate (SO«) 0.83 Total anions . - 4.67 8 8.41 18 7.18 21 10.88 Percent'sodium ____ _.. 66 *The Hayward well is at Alvarado near the mouth of Alameda Creek. Bicarbonate is the principal acid radical in each of the foregoing- waters. Magnesium is the dominant basic ion in the water at Pleasanton, calcium at Niles and Centerville, and sodium at Hayward. The marked increases in sodium and chloride at the Hayward well and its proximity to San Francisco Bay may indicate mild contamination from sea water intrusion. Chemical characteristics of ground waters north of San Francisco Bay are contrasted in Table 30, which is a summary of analyses made in 1940 of water from three municipal wells. Bicarbonate is the principal anion in each of these waters. Magnesium is the principal base in the waters at Novato and Fairfield, while sodium is strongly dominant at Suisun. TABLE 30 INORGANIC ANALYSES OF GROUND WATERS FROM THREE MUNICIPAL WELLS NORTH OF SAN FRANCISCO BAY In Milligram Equivalents per Liter Constituent Novato Fairfield Suisun Calcium (Ca) - 1.25 2.95 0.00 2.17 1.55 0.48 2.75 3.28 2.08 6.08 1.63 0.40 1.70 Magnesium (Mg)_ _ __ 0.82 Sodium (Na)_ _. 8.40 Carbonate (CO a) + Bicarbonate (HCOa) Chloride (CI) 7.31 3.05 Sulphate (SO«) 0.56 Total anions, 4.20 8.11 10.92 Percent sodium . 26 77 CHAPTER VI. CENTRAL COASTAL AREA Both geographically and climatically, the Central Coastal Area is a transition zone between the North Coastal and San Francisco Bay Areas and the South Coastal Area. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION This Area lies along the Pacific Ocean, between latitudes 34^° and 37° N., from the southern boundary of Pescadero Creek Basin, in Santa Cruz County, to the southeastern boundary of Rincon Creek Basin, in Ventura County. Inland it extends an average of about 50 miles to the crests of the coastal ranges. Summer fogs are common along the coastal strip. In interior valleys there is a marked contrast between summer and winter temperatures, with summer highs reaching 110° F. and winter lows occasionally falling to 16° F. Near the coast the Santa Cruz, Santa Lucia, and Santa Ynez Mountains are the main topographic features, with elevations of 3,801 feet at Loma Prieta in the Santa Cruz Mountains, 5,844 feet at Junipero Serra Peak in the Santa Lucia Kange, and 6,828 feet at Big Pine Moun- tain in the San Rafael Range. Elevations in the Diablo Range, on the western side of basins draining interior portions of the Area, are 5,248 feet on San Benito Mountain at the head of San Benito River, and 8,750 feet on Sawmill Mountain at the head of Santa Maria River. STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Principal streams of the Central Coastal Area are Pajaro, Salinas, Santa Maria, and Santa Ynez Rivers, which drain the larger basins to the crests of the Gabilan, Diablo, San Rafael and Santa Ynez Mountains, and San Lorenzo, Carmel, and Big Sur Rivers, and Scott, Morro, San Luis Obispo, Arroyo Grande, San Antonio, and Rincon Creeks, which flow directly into the Pacific Ocean along the coastal slope. Two-fifths of the Area lies within the basin of Salinas River and its tributaries. This basin, about 170 miles long, approximately parallels the coast, from which it is separated by the Santa Lucia Range. Areas of drainage basins in the Cen- tral Coastal Area are listed in Table 31. PRECIPITATION Precipitation on the Central Coastal Area is moderate except in a few isolated sections, and decreases from north to south. Snow normally falls in limited amounts at higher altitudes but is rare on the valley floors. The definite influence exerted by mountain ranges on precipitation is indicated by greater density of vegetation on their western slopes. Mountains may also affect distribution of precipitation in the interior valleys. For instance, precipitation from major storms crossing Salinas Valley is substantially heavier on the west side of the valley than on the east side. 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Remainder of Group Pajaro River Basin San Benito River above gage near Willow Creek School Tres Pinos Creek above gage near Tres Pinos Pacheco Creek above gage near Dunneville Llagas Creek above gage near Gilroy Remainder of Pajaro River above gage near Chittenden (below gage near Morgan Hill on Uvas Creek) Remainder of Pajaro River Elkhorn Slough Basin. Moro Cojo Group Precipitation in acre-feet Salinas River Basin Above gage at Paso Robles Nacimiento River above gage near San Miguel San Antonio River above gage at Pleyto Remainder of Salinas River above San Lucas damsite: Above Salinas valley floor Salinas valley floor Remainder of Salinas River (below gage near Soledad on Arroyo Seco) : Above valley floor — East side Valley floor Carmel River Basin Remainder of Carmel River (below San Clemente Dam). Morro Creek Group Remainder of Morro Creek Group (less Steiner Creek above gage near San Luis Obispo) Arroyo Grande Basin Above gage at Arroyo Grande. Remainder of Arroyo Grande. Santa Maria River Basin Sisquoc River above gage near Gary Cuyama River above gage near Santa Maria Remainder of Santa Maria River above gage at Guadalupe (below gages on Alamo Creek and Huasna River) Remainder of Santa Maria River San Antonio Creek Group Remainder of San Antonio Creek Group (less San Antonio Creek above gage at Harris) Santa Ynez River Basin From Gibraltar Dam to gage at Lompoc. Remainder of Santa Ynez River San Jose Creek Group Soda Lake Basin TOTAL, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA. 12,800 4,500 3,900 4,600 3,200 13,000 4,500 11,800 2,900 1,200 191,000 53,800 9,400 6,400 98,600 22,100 62,300 164,000 42,800 17,100 216,000 5,300 61,900 6,100 22,200 6.300 87.000 58,900 92,600 23,600 57,200 48,500 35,500 136,000 1,587,000 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 153 PLATE 13 20 10 1940-1941 TOTAL 81.62 INCHES ■ ■ 1 1 1 t 1 ■1 mm MM 20 10 W o Id I U 20 10 MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1940-1941 TOTAL 25.22 INCHES 1 1 t 1 NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1918-1919 T0TAL27.7I INCHES ■ l M JBL JL l ■ 20 10 1895-1896 TOTAL 10.65 INCHES m ■ MINIMUM SEASON 19231924 TOTAL 10-85 INCHES SANTA CRUZ 20 1912 -1913 TOTAL 397 INCHES 10 -> J < a uj U o > o z o u Q z < -> m UJ 3 0. < > < 2 u z KING CITY 20 10 2 o h < a U io kJ a. „ 1940-1941 TOTAL 42 92 INCHES i n n ■ mm. i ii i i MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1940-1941 TOTAL 45 21 INCHES , ■ ■ 1 || i l ii 1 NEAREST TO AVERAOE SEASON 1927-1928 TOTAL 21 33 INCHES ■ A 1 m ■ 20 1943-1944 TOTAL 17.95 INCHES 10 20 1897-1898 TOTAL 7.20 INCHES 10 — > _i -> < SEPT OCT. NOV. O UJ a z < CD U U. a < 2 a. < > < 2 ui z 3 -> SAN LUIS OBISPO MINIMUM SEASON 20 10 1876-1877 TOTAL 4.49 INCHES ■ -> < »- a. UJ *) l- o >' o z 6 UJ z < m Ul u. 1 a a. < 2 -J SANTA BARBARA -mfm- DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS CENTRAL COASTAL AREA 154 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RUNOFF Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff of the Central Coastal Area for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is 2,448,000 acre-feet, or 3.4 percent of total surface runoff from mountain and foothill lands within the State. The minimum seasonal runoff in the amount of 250,000 acre-feet occurred in 1923-24, and the maximum, totaling 7,490,000 acre- feet, in 1940-41. The 10-year period from 1923-24 to 1932-33 was the driest of record in the Area. Runoff during each season of that period, except 1926-27 and 1931-32, was less than the 53-year mean, and the average was only 54.5 percent of this long-time mean. Runoff from the Central Coastal Area is derived almost entirely from rain. Approximately 80 percent of runoff occurs during the four months from January to April, and over 50 percent in February and March. Monthly runoff varies from less than 1 percent of the seasonal total during each of the months from July to October, inclusive, to almost 30 percent in the maximum month, usually in late winter. Forty-three stream gaging stations were being maintained in the Central Coastal Area by the United States Geological Survey, as of September 30, 1947. The longest unbroken record available, that for the Arroyo Seco, began in November, 1901. Principal stations presently maintained are : Drainage area Station in square miles Santa Ynez River near Lompoc 789 San Lorenzo River at Big Trees 111 Santa Maria River at Guadalupe 1,718 Arroyo Grande at Arroyo Grande 102 Salinas River near Spreckels 4,231 Pajaro River near Chittenden 1,187 Runoff from 8,138 of the 11,284 square miles in the Area is measured at the six principal stations. Of the other 37 stations now being main- tained by the Geological Survey, 32 are upstream from the principal stations, and measure runoff of tributaries or portions of main stream drainage areas. The other five stations and several additional stations of other agencies measure runoff from minor basins. Stream gaging stations are listed in Table 37, together with average, maximum, and minimum seasonal runoff for stations with records of 10 years or longer. Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff from the Area, by basins, subbasins, and stream groups for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is set out in Table 38. Of the mean seasonal total of 2,448,000 acre-feet for the Area, 988,000 acre-feet was estimated by the empirical formula given in Chapter III. Estimates of seasonal natural runoff at main-stream and tributary gaging stations for which partial records are available appear in Table 39. Among many records from sources other than the United States Geological Survey used in computing and esti- mating natural flows were those for Soquel Creek obtained from the Monterey Bay Redwood Company, for Llagas Creek obtained from the South Santa Clara Valley Water Conservation District, and for Carmel River obtained from the California Water and Telephone Company. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 155 Estimated average monthly distribution of runoff to be expected of a typical stream in the Central Coastal Area is indicated in the following tabulation : AVERAGE MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE SEASONAL RUNOFF, ARROYO SECO NEAR SOLEDAD (Drainage Area— 240 Square Miles) Month Percent of seasonal average Acre-feet October November December. January. _ February _ March April May June July August September Totals 600 2,700 9,600 23,000 36,700 30,100 15,600 5,600 2,300 800 400 200 127,600 156 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA z H- < H (A BC o u. 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San Lorenzo River Basin Above gage at Big Trees Branciforte Creek above gage at Santa Cruz. Remainder of San Lorenzo River San Lorenzo River at mouth Soquel Creek Group Soquel Creek above gage at Soquel. Remainder of Soquel Creek Group - Pajaro River Basin San Benito River above gage near Willow Creek School Tres Pinos Creek above gage near Tres Pinos Pacheco Creek above gage near Dunne ville Llagas Creek above gage near Gilroy Uvas Creek above gage near Morgan Hill Remainder of Pajaro River above gage near Chit- tenden Above gage near Chittenden Remainder of Pajaro River Pajaro River at Mouth Sub-basin or main tributary 104,700 15,400 5,000 Elkhorn Slough Basin . Moro Cojo Group Salinas River Basin Above gage at Paso Robles Nacimiento River above gage near San Miguel. San Antonio River above gage at Pleyto Remainder of Salinas River above San Lucas. _ Above San Lucas dam site Arroyo Seco above gage near Soledad Remainder of Salinas River: Above valley floor (east side) Above valley floor (west side) Salinas River at mouth Canyon Dei Rey Group. Carmel River Basin Above San Clemente Dam.. Remainder of Carmel River. Carmel River at mouth Rocky Creek Group Little Sur River Basin. Point Sur Group Sur River Basin Morro Creek Group 45,500 18,000 30,300 17,100 34,000 16,500 26,500 81,800 Subtotals 16,300 107,500 224,600 83,700 104,000 131,400 28,800 33,800 76,300 66,000 Total for basin or group 110,000 125,100 63,500 206,200 519,800 222,500 5,500 700 713,800 28,000 142,300 76,000 53,000 3,300 88,000 420,000 6—27922 162 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 38— Continued ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, INCLUDING RUNOFF OF STREAMS FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO RECORDS, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Number on Plate 2 15-1 15-2 16-1 16-2 16-3 16-4 16-5 16-6 17-1 17-2 18-1 18-2 18-3 19 20 Basin, sub-basin, or stream group Arroyo Grande Basin Above gage at Arroyo Grande. Remainder of Arroyo Grande . Santa Maria River Basin Sisquoc River above gage near Gary Cuyama River above gage near Santa Maria Alamo Creek above gage near Santa Maria Huasna River above gage near Santa Maria Remainder of Santa Maria River above gage Guadalupe Above gage at Guadalupe Remainder of Santa Maria River Santa Maria River at mouth at San Antonio Creek Group San Antonio Creek above gage at Harris. Remainder of San Antonio Creek Group. Santa Ynez River Basin Above Gibraltar Dam From Gibraltar Dam to gage at Lompoc. Above gage at Lompoc Remainder of Santa Ynez River Santa Ynez River at mouth San Jose Creek Group Soda Lake Basin TOTAL, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA. Sub-basin or main tributary 23,900 23,000 39,600 22,500 4,000 20,600 3,100 1,100 3,000 2,100 50,600 107,000 1,400 Subtotals 89,800 157,600 Total for basin or group 46,900 90,900 5,100 159,000 71,000 23,000 2,447,600 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 163 TABLE 39 ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900- - 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN San Lorenzo River at Big Trees 226,000 153,000 151,000 16,500 62,700 73,200 158,000 83,600 106,000 58,300 89,700 168,000 264,000 73,700 213,000 80,900 215,000 30,800 13,200 230,000 173,000 212,000 136,000 57,500 71,500 45,100 83,600 154,000 101,000 13,200 45,100 112,000 128,000 61,600 40,700 45,100 11,000 113,000 20,400 57,200 75,400 99,200 76,200 184,000 23,000 173,000 265,000 158,000 119,000 48,600 87,200 63,500 29,200 104,700 Branciforte Creek at Santa Cruz 31,800 21,700 21,300 2,300 8,900 10,400 22,400 11,800 14,900 8,200 12,700 23,700 37,300 10,400 30,200 11,400 30,300 43,500 1,900 32,500 24,500 30,000 19,200 8,100 10,100 6,400 11,800 21,700 14,200 1,900 6,400 15,900 18,100 8,700 5,800 6,400 1,500 15,900 2,900 8,100 10,700 14,000 10,800 26,000 3,300 37,500 21,200 17,600 16,800 6,900 12,300 9,000 4,100 15,400 Soquel Creek at Soquel 96,700 65,900 64,500 8,200 27,700 32,000 67,900 36,100 45,200 26,100 38,600 72,200 113,000 32,200 91,600 35,100 92,000 14,000 6,600 98,500 74,500 90,900 58,500 25,400 31,200 19,900 36,100 65,700 43,400 6,600 20,300 48,000 55,000 26,900 18,300 20,300 5,500 48,200 9,700 25,000 32,800 42,900 33,500 80,600 14,400 81,400 107,000 57,100 48,000 35,500 39,400 29,800 13,300 45,500 San Benito River near Willow Creek School 110,000 19,800 66,500 1,800 5,200 3,500 19,800 9,000 30,000 6,500 5,200 59,500 166,000 9,800 129,000 11,800 69,200 2,000 1,800 147,000 64,000 99,200 21,800 77,800 10,000 2,500 14,000 21,200 11,200 1,800 2,200 7,800 12,200 3,200 2,000 3,000 1,800 21,800 2,000 2,200 5,500 13,000 25,000 104,000 2,000 24,200 91,600 28,600 20,700 16,200 9,500 7,000 2,100 30,300 Tres Pinos Creek near Tres Pinos 63,300 11,100 38,700 600 2,700 1,900 11,100 4,600 17,300 2,900 2,700 34,900 94,000 5,000 73,800 6,100 40,300 800 800 83,200 37,200 57,300 12,100 45,100 5,200 1,500 7,700 11,700 5,900 600 1,300 3,800 6,700 1,900 800 1,700 600 12,100 800 1,000 2,700 6,900 14,200 60,000 800 18,700 52,700 10,900 13,700 6,100 4,900 3,400 1,200 17,100 Pacheco Creek near Dunneville 97,100 31,100 68,000 3,600 13,600 10,500 31,100 19,000 40,300 15,000 13,600 63,100 131,000 20,100 109,000 22,300 69,800 4,700 4,100 119,000 66,100 90,200 32,600 76,100 20,400 7,000 25,100 32,000 21,900 3,400 6,900 17,100 23,100 9,900 5,000 8,500 3,600 32,600 5,100 5,800 13,700 23,900 36,100 93,100 4,800 37,400 85,000 29,500 41,800 19,800 24,600 7,300 5,300 34,000 164 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 39— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01... 01-02... 02-03... 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07. 07-08. 08-09. 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12. 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16. 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36. 36-37. 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. Llagas Creek near Gilroy 1946-47 MEAN. 35,000 30,900 22,000 1,500 7,400 12,100 31,900 12,200 13,400 9,300 7,600 16,600 38,500 8,500 32,800 10,300 36,800 3,100 1,000 34,700 29,500 34,600 25,600 8,700 7,500 5,100 10,100 30,800 17,200 1,200 5,200 22,400 25,600 8,600 4,900 4,300 900 17,900 1,500 9,000 11,500 16,100 20,600 38,900 1,800 26,500 42,500 26,600 17,200 9,100 10,500 11,700 6,200 16,500 Uvas Creek near Morgan Hill 55,000 48,500 34,600 2,400 11,700 19,100 50,000 19,100 21,100 27,900 21,000 42,200 42,900 13,400 51,500 16,100 57,900 4,900 1,500 54,500 46,400 54,300 40,200 13,700 11,800 8,000 15,900 48,300 26,900 1,900 8,100 35,100 40,200 13,500 7,700 6,800 1,400 32,700 5,600 10,100 15,500 25,300 31,400 68,000 4,600 44,500 57,500 38,800 27,800 17,300 25,000 15,200 10,000 26,500 Remainder of Pajaro River above Gage near Chittenden 241,000 90,600 148,000 6,600 31,400 32,000 92,200 46,200 85,400 32,500 42,000 147,000 303,000 43,900 244,000 49,600 177,000 11,500 6,600 269,000 154,000 211,000 85,700 148,000 43,200 18,100 54,200 92,000 57,200 5,500 18,000 55,000 62,200 27,200 15,000 19,700 6,000 76,400 8,500 21,600 36,500 59,100 85,700 228,000 9,200 93,500 223,000 90,200 75,000 48,700 54,900 32,700 20,900 81,800 Pajaro River near Chittenden 601,400 232,000 377,800 16,500 72,000 79,100 236,100 110,100 207,500 94,100 92,100 363,300 775,400 100,700 640,100 116,200 451,000 27,000 15,800 707,400 397,200 546,600 218,000 369,400 98,100 42,200 127,000 236,000 140,300 14,400 41,700 141,200 170,000 64,300 35,400 44,000 14,300 193,500 23,500 49,700 85,400 144,300 213,000 592,000 23,200 244,800 552,300 224,600 196,200 117,200 129,400 77,300 45,700 206,200 Pajaro River Chittenden to mouth 45,100 27,600 19,300 2,100 7,700 11,300 28,900 11,400 12,300 6,800 14,700 25,200 40,300 8,500 30,100 9,800 37,000 4,100 1,500 33,000 26,100 32,700 22,400 8,700 7,800 5,900 9,800 27,400 15,300 1,800 6,000 19,600 17,400 8,600 5,800 5,200 1,300 15,900 2,100 8,900 10,700 14,500 18,200 41,200 2,500 23,100 48,700 20,900 16,000 10,300 12,400 9,100 9,200 16,300 Pajaro River Total 646,500 259,600 397,100 18,600 79,700 90,400 265,000 121,500 219,800 100,900 106,800 388,500 815,700 109,200 670,200 126,000 488,000 31,100 17,300 740,400 423,300 579,300 240,400 378,100 105,900 48,100 136,800 263,400 155,600 16,200 47,700 160,800 187,400 72,900 41,200 49,200 15,600 209,400 25,600 58,600 96,100 158,800 231,200 633,200 25,700 267,900 601,000 245,500 212,200 127,500 141,800 86,400 54,900 222,500 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 165 TABLE 39-Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900.. 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Salinas River at Paso Robles 181,000 158,000 130,000 31,500 79,700 98,800 163,000 98,400 102,000 72,000 112,000 149,000 201,000 84,400 166,000 91,400 189,000 51,000 22,200 177,000 154,000 176,000 141,000 86,200 80,700 67,100 92,000 158,000 116,000 27,100 68,300 131,000 141,000 85,400 66,000 38,800 6,800 133,000 29,900 86,000 95,700 111,000 125,000 203,000 36,200 71,200 332,000 99,200 212,000 72,700 55,700 29,000 12,800 107,500 Naciemento River near San Miguel 430,000 368,000 272,000 46,600 133,000 178,000 382,000 177,000 189,000 118,000 217,000 338,000 513,000 142,000 394,000 159,000 473,000 78,100 33,200 427,000 348,000 425,000 306,000 145,000 133,000 107,000 158,000 364,000 224,000 39,100 108,000 273,000 306,000 143,000 105,000 69,500 18,200 196,000 44,500 147,000 170,000 213,000 254,000 517,000 53,500 304,000 604,000 254,000 297,000 164,000 169,000 119,000 58,000 224,600 San Antonio River at Pleyto 178,000 147,000 97,400 5,900 31,700 49,500 152,000 59,200 64,900 36,300 78,200 141,000 230,000 45,100 170,000 51,300 210,000 23,600 2,800 187,000 146,000 185,000 125,000 45,900 41,700 32,400 50,800 154,000 81,900 13,700 32,900 108,000 124,000 45,400 31,800 17,500 2,000 82,000 3,800 30,800 42,300 57,500 80,000 213,000 6,800 117,000 280,000 91,400 91,700 45,100 58,500 24,700 11,900 83,700 Remainder of Salinas River above San Lucas Damsite 210,000 183,000 135,000 9,500 45,000 79,900 189,000 80,300 86,700 34,500 104,000 170,000 248,000 52,300 195,000 65,700 231,000 16,300 6,800 211,000 175,000 208,000 153,000 55,000 45,000 23,000 65,600 180,000 109,000 7,900 22,500 135,000 153,000 52,300 21,700 13,200 2,000 164,000 9,200 56,200 74,400 103,000 127,000 252,000 10,500 114,000 293,000 146,000 113,000 68,900 87,500 59,300 58,300 104,000 Salinas River above San Lucas Damsite 999,000 856,000 634,400 93,500 289,400 406,200 886,000 414,900 442,600 260,800 511,200 798,000 1,192,000 323,800 925,000 367,400 1,103,000 169,000 65,000 1,002,000 823,000 994,000 725,000 332,100 300,400 229,500 366,400 856,000 530,900 87,800 231,700 647,000 724,000 326,100 224,500 139,000 29,000 575,000 87,400 320,000 382,400 484,500 586,000 1,185,000 107,000 606,200 1,509,000 590,600 713,700 350,700 370,700 232,000 141,000 519,800 Arroyo Seco near Soledad 280,000 222,000 159,000 20,600 68,400 96,700 231,000 96,500 104,000 59,900 122,000 202,000 317,000 74,300 239,000 84,600 291,000 37,000 14,200 261,000 209,000 259,000 181,000 75,700 68,500 52,800 83,900 219,000 127,000 16,600 53,500 160,000 181,000 74,700 51,600 46,800 12,200 132,000 19,500 77,400 92,200 121,000 149,000 324,000 24,100 187,000 380,000 169,000 133,000 88,600 105,000 79,400 32,000 131,400 166 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 39— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01... 01-02... 02-03... 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07. 07-08. 08-09. 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12. 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16. 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30- 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35.. 35-36. 36-37. . 37-38. 38-39.. 1939-40. . 40-41. 41-42. 42-43- 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. 1946-47 MEAN. Eastside Tributaries below San Lucas Damsite 60,000 50,900 30,800 5,100 12,800 54,400 12,200 14,300 3,000 19,800 44,600 89,000 6,800 57,500 9,100 77,400 65,400 46,900 64,700 37,100 6,800 5,100 400 8,700 50,400 20,700 800 31,500 36,800 7,200 400 5,000 700 81,200 10,800 16,600 27,600 35,000 106,000 400 47,500 132,000 49,400 31,600 15,400 22,300 7,600 8,200 28,800 Westside Tributaries below San Lucas Damsite 65,000 57,200 43,300 15,200 25,900 59,100 26,000 28,200 11,500 33,800 53,100 76,400 17,600 60,800 21,500 71,100 3,100 65,300 54,700 65,000 48,700 18,000 15,300 8,100 21,300 56,600 34,600 8,500 43,300 48,600 17,800 7,600 22,500 4,000 80,200 18,500 23,900 33,100 40,500 76,800 49,200 87,900 45,300 36,200 22,700 28,400 19,700 19,500 33,800 Salinas River at mouth 1,404,000 1,186,100 867,500 114,100 378,100 541,600 1,230,500 549,600 589,100 335,200 686,800 1,097,700 1,674,400 422,500 1,282,300 482,600 1,542,500 209,100 79,200 1,393,700 1,133,600 1,382,700 991,800 432,600 389,300 290,800 480,300 1,182,000 713,200 104,400 294,500 881,800 990,400 425,800 284,100 213,300 45,900 868,400 106,900 426,700 515,100 666,200 810,500 1,691,800 131,500 889,900 2,108,900 854,300 914,500 477,400 526,400 338,700 200,700 713,800 Carmel River above San Clemente Dam 155,000 130,000 93,100 12,100 40,100 56,800 136,000 57,000 61,400 35,300 72,000 119,000 187,000 43,900 141,000 49,900 172,000 21,900 8,400 154,000 123,000 153,000 107,000 44,600 40,400 31,200 49,500 129,000 75,000 9,800 31,600 94,400 84,400 44,100 30,400 27,600 7,200 77,900 11,500 45,700 54,400 71,200 87,600 191,000 18,300 98,300 209,000 122,000 70,300 43,600 52,700 48,900 13,800 76,300 Arroyo Grande at Arroyo Grande 52,200 6,200 20,600 1,100 3,100 4,200 43,000 5,100 15,000 8,100 51,900 42,100 76,200 41,600 64,700 33,100 63,900 12,000 11,300 64,700 54,600 43,500 29,100 48,900 4,200 13,000 3,100 37,200 5,100 1,100 2,100 22,900 29,400 8,500 3,200 2,100 800 32,500 5,700 7,300 1,500 11,000 39,300 51,700 8,800 9,000 66,500 21,500 45,700 15,500 12,000 5,500 3,500 23,900 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 167 TABLE 39— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900_ 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42^3 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Cuyama River near Santa Maria 49,100 4,400 25,800 42,300 1,000 20,400 10,200 49,100 41,800 68,600 41,300 59,300 35,000 58,900 16,500 15,100 59,300 51,100 42,800 33,100 46,700 18,000 38,400 1,000 12,600 17,500 11,200 3,000 3,900 26,800 7,700 3,000 9,200 9,200 43,800 56,100 9,200 6,100 63,700 9,300 27,700 18,900 9,900 6,900 5,800 22,500 Alamo Creek near Santa Maria 8,100 1,400 3,700 300 7,100 1,100 3,100 1,900 8,000 6,500 12,300 6,400 10,200 5,200 10,100 2,700 2,600 10,200 8,500 7,200 4,700 7,500 300 2,800 5,800 1,100 3,900 4,700 2,000 5,100 1,300 1,800 3,000 2,500 6,000 8,000 2,100 1,400 10,100 3,200 6,300 4,400 2,900 1,300 800 4,000 Huasna River near Santa Maria 46,700 18,900 37,800 14,000 5,300 46,300 37,300 74,400 36,700 60,000 29,300 59,200 10,800 10,000 60,200 49,100 38,400 26,100 43,500 11,900 32,900 20,800 26,200 5,800 400 300 21,600 4,700 600 7,100 18,400 38,700 49,400 1,300 5,900 68,300 11,600 46,100 7,800 6,900 2,900 900 20,600 Remainder Santa Maria River above Guadalupe 6,500 200 1,100 100 100 100 3,300 200 700 300 6,400 3,200 25,800 3,100 14,800 2,100 14,100 600 500 14,900 7,800 3,400 1,700 5,100 100 600 100 2,600 200 100 100 1,200 1,700 300 100 100 100 1,900 200 300 700 500 2,800 6,300 400 200 20,900 800 3,000 1,600 600 500 200 3,100 Santa Maria River at Guadalupe 204,000 8,600 79,400 100 100 400 163,400 2,300 58,100 24,300 202,600 159,900 347,100 157,600 272,300 124,800 268,300 45,400 41,500 272,600 216,500 165,700 111,100 188,500 400 49,700 100 141,300 2,300 100 100 72,000 95,900 27,000 100 3,500 4,300 107,300 15,700 10,600 39,900 43,100 156,500 212,100 21,200 16,400 300,000 40,600 143,600 70,500 37,300 20,100 10,000 89,800 Remainder of Santa Maria River 2,400 100 400 100 1,200 100 200 100 2,400 1,200 9,600 1,100 5,500 800 5,300 200 200 5,600 2,900 1,300 600 1,900 200 1,000 100 400 600 100 700 100 100 300 200 100 2,400 100 100 7,800 300 1,100 600 200 200 100 1,100 168 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 39— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900.. 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Total Santa Maria River 206,400 8,700 79,800 100 100 500 164,600 2,400 58,300 24,400 205,000 161,100 356,700 158,700 277,800 125,600 273,600 45,600 41,700 278,200 219,400 167,000 111,700 190,400 400 49,900 100 142,300 2,400 100 100 72,400 96,500 27,100 100 3,500 4,300 108,000 15,800 10,700 40,200 43,300 156,600 214,500 21,300 16,500 307,800 40,900 144,700 71,100 37,500 20,300 10,100 90,900 San Antonio Creek at Harris 6,400 200 1,000 100 100 100 3,200 200 600 300 6,200 3,100 25,000 3,000 14,400 2,000 13,700 500 500 14,400 7,500 3,300 1,600 5,000 100 600 100 2,500 200 100 100 1,100 1,600 300 100 100 100 1,900 200 300 700 500 2,700 6,100 400 200 20,700 800 2,300 1,800 400 300 3,000 Santa Ynez River above Gibraltar Dam 119,000 10,500 35,000 2,300 4,700 5,800 85,300 10,500 26,900 16,000 118,000 82,900 236,000 81,800 170,000 52,600 167,000 16,900 17,000 137,000 63,500 87,600 44,500 94,200 7,000 23,400 6,500 68,400 8,690 2,430 3,100 47,800 52,300 8,570 3,700 3,090 1,300 49,600 9,930 15,800 25,400 16,900 81,300 125,000 14,400 9,110 190,000 21,600 91,300 52,300 21,900 25,700 11,700 50,600 Santa Ynez River Gibraltar to Lompoc 243,000 14,800 53,500 1,900 7,900 11,100 167,700 10,600 36,300 17,700 240,000 161,100 507,000 157,200 375,000 111,400 366,000 33,400 30,400 409,000 331,500 170,400 92,500 225,800 10,000 31,700 6,600 130,600 13,310 2,900 3,600 53,200 88,700 28,830 11,500 7,910 4,790 113,400 16,670 17,900 41,700 33,900 138,700 237,000 27,900 22,790 474,000 54,000 151,700 81,700 43,200 29,500 16,700 107,000 Santa Ynez River at Lompoc 362,000 25,300 88,500 4,200 12,600 16,900 253,000 21,100 63,200 33,700 358,000 244,000 743,000 239,000 545,000 164,000 533,000 50,300 47,400 546,000 395,000 258,000 137,000 320,000 17,000 55,100 13,100 199,000 22,000 5,330 6,700 101,000 141,000 37,400 15,200 11,000 6,090 163,000 26,600 33,700 67,100 50,800 220,000 362,000 42,300 31,900 664,000 75,600 243,000 134,000 65,100 55,200 28,400 157,600 Santa Ynez River Lompoc to mouth WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 169 TABLE 39— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet 15-16 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36. 36-37. 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. 1946-47 MEAN. Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 Santa Ynez River at mouth 1894-95 . _ . 365,000 95-96 25,400 96-97 89,000 97-98.. . 4,200 98-99 1899-1900 12,700 17,000 00-01 255,000 01-02 21,200 02-03 ... 63,500 03-04 33,900 1904-05 ... 361,000 05-06 . 245,000 06-07 ._. 755,000 07-08 ..._,___. . 240,000 08-09 ... . ..._-.... _ . _ _ ... 552,000 1909-10 ________ 165,000 10-11 539,000 11-12 50,500 12-13 ; 47,600 13-14 . 553,000 1914-15 399,000 259,000 138,000 322,000 17,000 55,400 13,200 200,000 22,100 5,360 6,730 102,000 142,000 37,600 15,200 11,000 6,120 164,000 26,700 33,800 67,400 51,000 221,000 364,000 42,500 32,000 673,000 76,000 244,000 135,000 65,400 55,400 28,500 159,000 170 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA FLOOD FLOWS The main streams in the Central Coastal Area for which flood flow records are available are Salinas, Santa Maria, and Santa Ynez Rivers. The most important of these is the Salinas, and the largest con- tributors to the Salinas are the Arroyo Seco and the San Antonio and Nacimiento Rivers, all draining the east slope of the Santa Lucia Range. A gaging station on Salinas River near Spreckels has been maintained since December, 1929. Maximum recorded instantaneous discharge at that station was 75,000 second-feet, on February 12, 1938, with a gage height of 25 feet. The maximum stage known was 26.6 feet, on March 7, 1911, as indicated at an oil pumping station opposite the gage. The gaging station on the Arroyo Seco near Soledad has a complete record from November, 1901, to date and the maximum discharge observed was approximately 22,000 second-feet on February 21, 1917. Records are available for Cuyama River near Santa Maria from December, 1929, to September, 1947. This stream is a tributary of Santa Maria River. Its maximum instantaneous discharge during this period was 17,300 second- feet on March 3, 1938. Records are available for Santa Ynez River near Lompoc from November, 1906, to September, 1918, and from April, 1925, to September, 1947. A maximum instantaneous recorded discharge of 45,000 second-feet occurred at this station on March 3, 1938, but in- complete information indicates an instantaneous discharge of 62,000 second-feet on January 9, 1907. There are years in which some or all of these streams at times carry no surface flow. FLOOD FREQUENCIES Measured flow at gaging stations was used in flood-frequency studies of four streams in this Area. Results of these studies are shown on Plate 14, "Arroyo Seco Flood Discharge near Soledad, Salinas River Flood Discharge near Spreckels, ' ' and on Plate 15, ' ' Cuyama River Flood Dis- charge near Santa Maria, Santa Ynez River Flood Discharge near Lompoc. ' ' QUALITY OF WATER Surface waters meet less than 10 percent, and ground waters more than 90 percent of present water demands for irrigation, domestic, municipal, and industrial uses in the Central Coastal Area. Quality of surface and ground waters is discussed in the following sections. Surface Waters Surface waters in the coastal drainage from the Santa Lucia and Gabilan Ranges and from Santa Ynez, San Rafael, and Santa Cruz Mountains, are generally of good quality, with low total salinity, low per- cent sodium, and low boron. They are uniformly carbonate type waters, whereas many streams draining interior basins from San Benito River to Cuyama River, inclusive, are high in sulphates. The latter streams, which flow from the interior Diablo Range, have high total salinity and chlor- ides, and usually contain significant amounts of boron. Inorganic analy- ses of water samples from streams draining the coastal mountains and from streams draining the Diablo Range are presented in Table 40. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 171 PLATE 14 I Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 5 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 JT- / l / / / j / / / / / T i // 1 1 / ' // (' / V 1 / / J. / / 1 1 ' e / f "1 i i r 1 ••/ I I T j ( /* » i 1 ♦ / am -EGEND /*/ »/ < * 1 day flood ► 2 day flood ► 3 day flood . ► 5 day flood \ « c i ARROYO SECO FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SOLEDAD AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 240 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 Daily mean flow in -second-feet per sque 10 ire mile 00 1C 00 ■ I ll* ' / // j / // / / // / II / f '/// I // / //// / // / k ! 7 7 * I i / / I // / f t ' / / I ' 1 i / 1 4 I*! ) f 7 < f < LtCjtNL) * 1 day flood > 2 day flood > 3 day flood > 5 day flood a 10 day flood j t \ r < A , < A * j / r $ « f 7 J /* /f SALINAS RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SPRECKELS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 4180 SQUARE MILES 172 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 15 Daily mean 1 low in second-feet per square mile 10. 100 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s / 1 1 1 f ] 1 1 1 / 1 / 1 1 ' 1 I 1 1 4 v ( f / / °j • / » .EGEND • A A / o 4 > 1 day Rood • 2 day Rood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood /»/^ i t *\ 1J 4 f+TJt, 1 I 1 1 1 1 CUYAMA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SANTA MARIA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 903 SQUARE MILES 8 u c 3 cr _o J o Daily mean 'low in second-feet per square mile 10 100 10C \ il I I , 1 1 j / / n / J. J J II 1 1 y ' J , j 13 / * n i / f / S / // ■^ f m JUm 10 / * rr I % W* LEG EN D WJ 4 * I day flood 7 r> VT£ « * 2 day flood \&>r I > 3 day flood - h s -4 ► 5 day flood L rs\ SANTA YNEZ RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR LOMPOC AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 789 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 173 Surface inflow to the Salinas River Basin from the Santa Lucia Range, and from that part of its drainage area above the mouth of Nacimiento River, is generally characterized by low total solubles, low boron, and low percent sodium. Bicarbonate is the principal negative ion. The good quality of the mixture of waters of Salinas, Nacimiento and San Antonio Rivers is indicated in Table 40 by analyses of two samples taken from Salinas River near San Ardo in 1941. One of these samples was taken at about the time of lowest flow for the year, and the other during the first winter flood. The analyses 'show total solubles ranging from 203 to 427 parts per million, and percent sodium from 22 to 32. Surface waters in Santa Maria River include the flow of its tribu- taries, Cuyama and Sisquoc Rivers. Analyses of water from the Santa Maria show higher calcium sulphate than inflow from Sisquoc River, and the latter is lower in salinity than flow of either Cuyama or Santa Maria Rivers. Except during brief periods of flood flow, Cuyama and Santa Maria Rivers have total salinity close to the upper limit of safe use for sensitive crops. Ground Wafers In this Area the principal source of underground replenishment is generally percolation of stream flow in channels of tributary streams. Overdrafts have caused local deterioration in quality of ground water in certain instances. However, except in a few minor ground water units replenished by poor surface waters, most underground waters of the Central Coastal Area are of good quality. In the lower Salinas, Pajaro, and Arroyo Grande Basins, several wells close to the coast have been abandoned in recent years because of increasing salinity. Inorganic analyses of waters in various ground water basins in the Area are given in Table 41. The 1949 analyses of ground waters in southern Santa Clara Valley show excellent mineral quality, with low total solubles, low percent sodium, and low boron. Bicarbonate is the principal acid radical, and calcium and magnesium are rather evenly balanced as dominant bases. Ground waters in San Benito Valley range from good to poor and unusable. Boron is generally present in moderate amounts along San Benito River, and total salinity gradually increases from south of Hollister to opposite San Juan Bautista. In the vicinity of Fairview, sul- phates, boron, and percent sodium usually restrict usability of ground water for irrigation. In chemical characteristics, the ground water in Pajaro Valley is similar to that of its principal source of recharge — drainage from the Santa Cruz Mountains and the Gabilan Range. Percolation in the channel of Pajaro River west of the San Andreas fault is small. Mineral solubles in ground waters of Pajaro Valley show marked increases in calcium and bicarbonates over ground waters in San Benito Valley, and lower content of magnesium, sodium, and boron. Chlorides are not present in significant amounts in ground waters of Pajaro Valley, except in a limited zone of marine intrusion adjacent to Monterey Bay. Ground waters in Salinas Valley are grouped by chemical character- istics into three broad classes as to source : ( 1 ) those coming principally from Santa Lucia Range drainage, (2) those from Diablo Range drain- age, and (3) those resulting from commingling of drainage from both 174 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA sources. Runoff of excellent quality from the Santa Lucia Range com- mences earlier in the season and is better sustained than inferior quality runoff from the Diablo Range. Until about 1925, when irrigated acreage in Salinas Valley was approximately half the present, average runoff from the Santa Lucia Range occurring early in the season was sufficient to recharge fully all ground waters in Salinas Valley, except in minor deltas of east side streams south of King City. Consequently there was no remaining capacity in the ground water basins for retention of inferior quality drainage from the Diablo Range. However, heavy draft on ground waters in dry years since 1925 has increased retention of poor quality waters from the Diablo Range and resulted in enlargement of the zone of comminglement. Ground waters recharged from drainage of the Santa Lucia Range vary in quality from excellent to good, while those recharged from commingling of drainages range from good to fair, and those recharged from Diablo Range drainage, from fair to unusable. The first eleven analyses for Salinas Valley given in Table 41 are of ground waters recharged from Santa Lucia Range drainage. The following seven are of ground waters recharged from commingling of drainages. The last six are of ground waters recharged from Diablo Range drainage. The latter are unsafe for irrigation use because of excessive salinity, excessive chlorides, or excessive boron. Quality of ground waters in Arroyo Grande Valley, and in small basins along the coastal strip to the north in San Luis Obispo County, is generally good, except in minor areas of sea water encroachment. These are carbonate type waters, and calcium and magnesium are rather evenly balanced as the important bases. In Santa Maria Valley the ground water is similar in quality to water of Santa Maria River, which contains a blend of high concentrations of sulphates from Cuyama River and low total solubles from Sisquoc River. Ground water in Sisquoc Valley generally reflects the good quality of water in Sisquoc River, and that in the vicinity of Lompoc is similar to water in Santa Ynez River. All constituents in ground waters of Sisquoc and Santa Ynez Valleys are rather evenly balanced, and total salinity is moderate. Ground waters in the south coastal strip of Santa Barbara County in the vicinity of Carpinteria are calcium carbonate type, and generally low in total solubles. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 175 o < < o u ml < at i- Z Ul U - ■ Z < Z < o o z 2 CO CD CO 3 8 a CO © 1-i J3 o3 s. o3 ^ -d o O o 3 a s -g s-i T3 a> o Pm w 2 S £ p. PQ 5 ^M 53 W) 03 03 0> O 03 ft T3 0) S I GO CD o 03 cd o 03 Eh CD O c3 t-i H cd o 03 s-c H o 03 OS k$> • ?^ CM ©$ o 4^ • CO CM 03 OS 4>- • o o ©* i-H >S CD tN CM GO CM CM O CM O CM 00 T* CO o 00 o o o o o CM © cs d CO CM OS* CO CO CM OS CM CO CM CS O CO CO cs CO CO OS CM CS CM co CD -d d d 03 0) -a d 03 V O Q h! 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Relative to its extent, greater expenditures have been nec- essary here than in any other part of California to overcome the disparity between local water resources and the heavy combined demand for urban, suburban, industrial, and agricultural uses. Furthermore, part of the supply must be imported if needs of the Area are to be fully met. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION The South Coastal Area, designated Area No. 4 on Plate 2 and shown in part on Plate 16, "Los Angeles Coastal Plain of the South Coastal Area," lies between latitudes 32 J° and 35° N., and extends 200 miles along the Pacific Ocean, with a maximum width of 75 miles. It comprises all basins draining into the ocean between the southeastern boundary of Rincon Creek Basin in Ventura County and the California-Mexico bound- ary, not including the portion of the Tia Juana Basin which lies in Mexico. The Area is separated from deserts on the north and east by the Tehachapi, San Gabriel, San Bernardino, and San Jacinto Mountains, and by the coastal ranges of San Diego County. Steep slopes and sparse chaparral-type vegetation, with some conifers at higher elevations, are characteristic features of drainage basins above valley floors as far east as San Bernardino. The higher peaks exceed 9,000 feet in elevation, and numerous ridges rise above 5,000 feet. The most prominent peaks are Mount San Antonio with elevation of 10,080 feet, Mount San Gorgonio with elevation of 11,485 feet, and Mount San Jacinto with elevation of 10,831 feet. Considering the short distance between the east and west boundaries of the Area, variations in climate and vegetation are wide. As an example, sections of the western end of Riverside County are arid with wide temperature variations, while the coast of San Diego County has a mild and equable climate which has been described as subtropical. STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Principal streams of the South Coastal Area are Santa Clara, Los Angeles, San Gabriel, Santa Ana, Santa Margarita, San Luis Rey, San Dieguito, San Diego, and Tia Juana Rivers. Shorter streams draining the coastal slope are Ventura, Sweetwater, and Otay Rivers, and San Juan and a number of other creeks. Santa Ana River Basin is the largest drainage basin, and occupies nearly one-fourth of the South Coastal Area. Table 42 lists areas of drainage basins in the Area. (185) 186 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 42 AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, South Coastal Area") Number on Plate 2 Stream or stream group basin Mountains and foothills Valley and mesa 2-1 2-2 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 7-la 7-lb 7-lc 7-ld 7-le 7-1 7-2a 7-2b 7-2c 7-2d 7-2e 7-2f 7-2g 7-2h 7-3 8-1 8-2a 8-2b 8-2c 8-2d 8-2e 8-2f 8-2g 8-3a 8-3b Padre Juan Canyon Group Ventura River Basin Above gage near Ventura (Casitas Bridge) Remainder of Ventura River Total, Ventura River Santa Clara River Basin Above river crossing of Ventura-Los Angeles County Line Piru Creek above gage near Piru Sespe Creek above gage near Fillmore Santa Paula Creek above gage near Santa Paula Remainder of Santa Clara River Total, Santa Clara River Calleguas and Conejo Creek Group Malibu Creek Group Malibu Creek above gage at Crater Camp Topanga Creek above mouth of Topanga Creek Ballona Creek above gage at Sawtelle Blvd Remainder of Malibu Creek Group Total, Malibu Creek Group West Coastal Plain Group Los Angeles River Basin Pacoima Creek above gage near San Fernando Little Tujunga Creek above gage near San Fernando Tujunga Creek above gage near Sunland Verdugo Channel above gage at Estelle Ave .. Remainder of Los Angeles River above gage above Arroyo Seco Above gage above Arroyo Seco Flint Wash above gage at Berkshire Ave Arroyo Seco above gage near Pasadena . Eaton Creek above gage near Pasadena Little Santa Anita Creek above gage near Sierra Madre Santa Anita Creek above gage near Sierra Madre — . Sawpit Creek above gage near Monrovia Remainder of San Gabriel Mountains drainage Remainder of Los Angeles River Basin above conflu- ence of Los Angeles River and Rio Hondo Above confluence of Los Angeles River and Rio Hondo Remainder of Los Angeles River Total, Los Angeles River San Gabriel River Basin Above gage near Azusa Fish Creek above gage near Duarte Rogers Creek above gage near Azusa Little Dalton Creek above gage near Glendora Dalton Creek above gage near Glendora San Dimas Creek above gage near San Dimas San Jose Creek above gage near Whittier Remainder of San Gabriel River above Whittier Narrows Above Whittier Narrows Coyote Creek above gage near Artesia Remainder of San Gabriel River Total, San Gabriel River 24 162 25 32 7 194 32 587 40 429 3 254 40 145 107 1,455 150 237 32 180 103 20 35 73 136 22 294 95 145 28 21 106 21 2 141 192 317 194 3 2 16 7 2 11 5 16 30 130 407 326 5 84 412 410 211 7 6 3 8 18 42 43 38 72 333 115 40 i70 2 24 375 209 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 187 TABLE 42— Continued AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, South Coastal Area") Stream or stream group basin Anaheim Creek Group Santa Ana River Basin Above gage near Mentone San Antonio Creek above gage near Claremont Cucamonga Creek above gage near Upland Day Creek above gage near Etiwanda Lytle Creek above gage near Fontana Lone Pine Creek above gage near Keenbrook Cajon Creek above gage near Keenbrook Devil Canyon Creek above gage near San Bernardino Waterman Creek above gage near Arrowhead Springs Strawberry Creek above gage near Arrowhead Springs City Creek above gage near Highland Plunge Creek above gage near East Highland Mill Creek above gage near Craf tonville San Timoteo Creek above gage near Redlands San Jacinto River above gage near San Jacinto Remainder of San Jacinto River above Lake Elsinore outlet Above Lake Elsinore outlet Remainder of Santa Ana River above Prado Dam Above Prado Dam Santiago Creek above gage near Villa Park Remainder of Santa Ana River Total, Santa Ana River Newport Bay Group San Juan Creek Group Aliso Creek above gage at El Toro Trabuco Creek above gage near San Juan Capistrano. San Juan Creek above gage near San Juan Capistrano Remainder of San Juan Group Total, San Juan Creek Group Arroyo San Onofre Group Santa Margarita River Basin Temecula Creek above gage at Nigger Canyon Murrieta Creek above gage at Temecula Remainder of Santa Margarita River above gage at Railroad Canyon Above gage at Railroad Canyon From gage at Railroad Canyon to gage near Fallbrook Above gage near Fallbrook From gage near Fallbrook to gage near Deluz Above gage near Deluz From gage near Deluz to gage at Ysidora Total of Santa Margarita River above gage at Ysidora San Luis Rey River Basin Above Henshaw Dam From Henshaw Dam to Escondido Ditch intake Above Escondido Ditch intake From Escondido Ditch intake to gage at Sicklers Mill near Pala Above gage at Sicklers Mill near Pala From gage at Sicklers Mill near Pala to gage at Mon- serate Narrows Above gage at Monserate Narrows Mountains and foothills 21 164 17 10 5 43 11 25 6 5 9 20 17 43 69 142 328 470 442 1,356 80 46 1,482 54 8 36 110 108 262 220 Valley and mesa 151 25 189 17 10 5 5 48 4 15 16 41 6 5 9 20 17 43 54 123 142 288 616 288 758 505 947 897 2,253 4 84 35 81 936 2,418 198 1 11 12 21 277 44 321 131 96 227 34 11 45 442 151 593 50 50 492 151 643 65 65 557 151 708 20 13 33 577 164 741 161 45 206 32 32 193 45 238 81 81 274 45 319 58 58 332 45 377 Totals 172 252 9 36 110 119 274 241 188 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 42— Continued AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, South Coastal Area") Number on Plate 2 Stream or stream group basin Mountains Valley and and foothills mesa 85 417 45 56 473 45 30 14 503 59 1 2 504 61 Totals 15-2d 15-2e 15-3a 15-3b 16 17-la 17-lb 17-1 17-2a 17-2b 17-2c 17-3a 17-3b 17-3c 17-3d 17-3e 17^ 18 19-la 19-lb 19-lc 19-ld 19-le 19-1 19-3a 19-2 19-3b 19-4a 19-4b 19-4c 20 San Luis Rey River Basin — Continued From gage at Monserate Narrows to gage at Bonsall _ Above gage at Bonsall From gage at Bonsall to gage near Bonsall Above gage near Bonsall From gage near Bonsall to gage near Oceanside Above gage near Oceanside From gage near Oceanside to gage at Oceanside Total of San Luis Rey River above gage at Oceanside _ San Marcos Creek Group San Dieguito River Basin Santa Ysabel Creek above gage at Santa Ysabel From gage at Santa Ysabel to gage at Sutherland, near Mesa Grande Above gage at Sutherland, near Mesa Grande Black Canyon Creek above gage near Mesa Grande ._ Temescal Creek above gage near Almond Remainder of Santa Ysabel Creek above gage at Pamo_ Above gage at Pamo From gage at Pamo to gage near Escondido Above gage near Escondido Santa Maria Creek above gage near Ramona Guejito Creek above gage near Escondido Remainder of San Dieguito River above gage at Bernardo Above gage at Bernardo From gage at Bernardo to Hodges Dam Above Hodges Dam From Hodges Dam to gage near Del Mar Total of San Dieguito River above gage near Del Mar- Los Penasquitos Creek Group San Diego River Basin Boulder Creek at Cuyamaca Dam Remainder of Boulder Creek above confluence with San Diego River Above confluence with San Diego River Remainder of San Diego River above diverting dam_- Above diverting dam, near Lakeside South Fork of San Diego River above gage near Alpine_ Remainder of San Diego River above El Capitan Dam- Above El Capitan Dam From El Capitan Dam to gage at Lakeside Above gage at Lakeside San Vicente Creek above gage near Foster Remainder of San Diego River above Old Mission Dam Above Old Mission Dam, near Santee From Old Mission Dam to Loop Dam Above Loop Dam Alvarado Creek above Murray Dam Remainder of San Diego River above gage at Old Town (San Diego) Total of San Diego River above gage at Old Town San Diego Bay Group 167 13 138 48 41 54 15 32 10 111 15 2 126 2 35 25 28 54 243 27 27 6 270 33 24 294 33 40 22 29 5 69 98 5 45 42 185 5 14 2 199 7 75 69 26 343 33 5 348 33 4 41 9 393 42 103 62 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 189 TABLE 42— Continued AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, South Coastal Area") Number on Plate 2 21a 21b 21c 22a 22b 23-1 23-2a 23-2b 23-2c 23-2d 23-3a 23-3b Stream or stream group basin Sweetwater River Basin Above gage near Descanso From gage near Descanso to gage near Dehesa Above gage near Dehesa From gage near Dehesa to Sweetwater Dam Total Sweetwater River above Sweetwater Dam Otay River Basin Proctor Valley Creek above Upper Otay Dam. Remainder of Otay River above Lower Otay Dam Total of Otay River above Lower Otay Dam Tia Juana River Basin Cottonwood Creek above Morena Dam (California) Pine Valley Creek above gage near Dulzura (California) Remainder of Cottonwood Creek above Barrett Dam (California) Above Barrett Dam (California) Rio Del Tecate (including Campo Creek), in Mexico,. Rio Del Tecate (including Campo Creek), in Calif - f ornia Above confluence with Cottonwood Creek Remainder of Cottonwood Creek above Marron Dam Site No. 1 (California) Above Marron Dam Site No. 1 Tia Juana River above Rodriguez Dam, in Mexico Tia Juana River above Rodriguez Dam, in Calif ornia. Remainder of Tia Juana River above gage near Nestor In Mexico In California Total of Tia Juana River above gage near Nestor In Mexico In California TOTALS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA IN CALIFORNIA Mountains and foothills 44 67 111 70 181 12 87 99 97 100 35 232 (69) 87 156 64 452 (927) 6 (201) 17 (1,197) 406 7,924 Valley and mesa 3,031 Totals 44 67 111 70 181 12 87 99 15 112 100 35 15 247 (0) (69) 9 96 9 165 5 69 29 481 (0) (927) 6 (0) (201) 13 30 (0) (1,197) 42 448 10,955 190 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PRECIPITATION The northern and central parts of California receive nearly all their precipitation from storms originating in the West and Northwest Pacific. Such storms also contribute substantially to precipitation of the South Coastal Area, but those from the southwest are also of significance. Air masses moving in from the coast are forced over high mountains bounding the Area on the north and east, at times subjecting their western slopes to heavy precipitation. However, precipitation in the Area as a whole is moderate, and almost entirely confined to winter months. Snow falls in the mountains, and at higher elevations it is sufficient to support many ski resorts. Although rare in the coastal strip, snow there occasionally has reached measurable depths. Thunderstorms seldom occur along the coast but are not uncommon in the mountains. Precipitation records are available for 10 or more seasons at 590 sta- tions in the South Coastal Area, and for shorter periods at an additional 390 stations. Continuous recorders are operated at 73 stations. The pre- cipitation station at San Diego, in operation since 1850, furnishes the longest unbroken record. The stations in operation would give excellent coverage for the 10,955 square miles of the Area if they were located strategically. In some metropolitan areas there are more stations than necessary, while in mountainous and sparsely inhabited regions the cov- erage usually is insufficient. Data relating to precipitation stations and records are presented in Tables 43, 44, and 45. A maximum recorded seasonal precipitation of 94.07 inches occurred at Kellys Camp, at an elevation 8,300 feet in San Bernardino County, during 1940-1941, the average for this station being 51.99 inches. At Acton, at an elevation 3,100 feet in Los Angeles County, a minimum sea- sonal precipitation of 2.77 inches was recorded in 1897-1898. The average for this station is 10.16 inches. Precipitation stations with unbroken rec- ords of 10 years or longer extend from sea level to elevation 8,300 feet. High intensities often accompany heavy rains in mountains of the South Coastal Area. During 24 hours on January 16 and 17, 1916, 16.71 inches of rain were recorded at Squirrel Inn, at an elevation of 5,700 feet in San Bernardino County. On August 12, 1891, 11.50 inches fell in one hour and twenty minutes at Campo, at an elevation of 3,000 feet in San Diego County. Weather Bureau data on maximum recorded rainfall at Los Angeles and San Diego, taken from the Bureau's Technical Paper No. 2, are presented in the following tabulation. MAXJMUM RECORDED RAINFALL, IN INCHES IN SPECIFIED MINUTE AND HOUR PERIODS, AT LOS ANGELES AND SAN DIEGO Precipitation Minutes Hours station and date 5 10 15 30 60 2 3 6 12 24 Los Angeles 0.44 1/14 1908 0.33 3/15 1905 0.66 2/18 1914 0.49 2/14 1927 0.81 2/18 1914 0.65 11/27 1939 1.12 2/18 1914 0.94 3/15 1905 1.51 2/18 1914 1.18 4/5 1926 1.99 2/18 1914 2.09 4/5 1926 2.28 2/18 1914 2.21 . 4/5 1926 2.97 2/18 1914 2.36 4/5 1926 4.16 12/31 1933 2.45 4/5 1926 7.36 Month, day - Year __ -_ 12/31 1933 Sau Diego 3.62 Month, day Year 12/23 1940 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 191 The four precipitation stations listed in Table 46 were selected as representative of elevations and topographic patterns within the Area. Maximum and minimum precipitation figures in the table are monthly extremes during the period of record. The bar diagrams of Plate 17, ' ' Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, South Coastal Area, ' show graphically for these stations the monthly distribution of precipi- tation in the maximum and minimum seasons of record. Also shown is monthly distribution during the season in which precipitation was nearest to the average seasonal total given in Table 46. Mean seasonal precipitation on valley and mesa lands of the South Coastal Area for the period from 1897-98 to 1946-47 is estimated to have been 2,470,000 acre-feet, as shown in Table 47. Valley lands of this Area lie chiefly in three regional groups, each of which receives light to mod- erate rainfall. In the northern end of the Area, in Ventura County, valley floor precipitation averages about 15 inches per season. The largest regional group of valley lands in the Area is in the basins of the Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana Rivers, where average precipitation ranges from about 12 inches seasonally along the coast to about 20 inches near the base of the mountains. Precipitation on valley and mesa lands of this regional group is listed in Table 47 by ground water basins, rather than by surface drainage basins as elsewhere. In San Diego County, in the southern end of the Area, valley lands are scattered along the coast and in pockets along streams draining the interior. Average seasonal valley floor precipitation in this county ranges from about 10 to about 20 inches, increasing with distance from the ocean. 192 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43 MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — • Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-48 Acton Chari- ties Camp No. 2 Los Angeles 34° 118° 27' 12' 2,550 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 11.54 9.36 1940-41 1933-34 22.09 4.19 4-13 Acton (Hub- bard Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 118° 31' 15' 3,250 1899-00 1946-47 D LAFC 12.15 11.80 1940-41 1899-00 23.74 2.92 4-12 Acton, (Near Mellon) Los Angeles 34° 118° 30' 16' 3,100 1896-97 1946-47 BCD LAFC 10.16 10.11 1940-41 1897-98 23.10 2.77 4-242 Alhambra Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 08' 497 1916-17 1927-28 D DWR 16.25 18.11 1921-22 1918-19 24.59 10.68 4-243 Alhambra (City Hall) Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 08' 485 1926-27 1946-47 BCD LAFC 20.59 19.02 1940-41 1^27-28 41.01 12.72 4-107 Alta Canada. . Los Angeles 34° 118° 13' 13' 1,900 1919-20 1936-37 C LAFC 23.75 25.25 1921-22 1923-24 38.60 12.08 4-128 A 1 1 a d e n a (Allen) Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 06' 1,055 1898-99 1946-47 C LAFC 23.36 23.11 1940-41 1898-99 46.33 ' 7.58 4-126 A 1 1 a d e n a (Barton) Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 07' 1,312 1918-19 1946-47 CD LAFC 24.54 23.29 1940-41 1923-24 47.05 11.18 4-120 A 1 1 a d e n a (Chiesa) Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 09' 1,350 1926-27 1946-47 BCD LAFC& USWB 23.62 22.64 1940-41 1927-28 48.75 13.97 4-121 A 1 1 a d e n a (Curtis) Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 09' 1,184 1922-23 1946-47 BC LAFC 22.65 22.59 1940-41 1927-28 47.12 13.07 4-253 Arcadia (For- brich) Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 03' 455 1925-26 1946-47 BD LAFC 20.96 20.11 1940-41 1932-33 43.67 12.85 4-143 Arcadia Pump- ing Plant Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 02' 611 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.61 21.48 1940-41 1941-42 41.65 14.25 4-112 Arroyo Seco Patrol Sta- tion Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 11' 1,155 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 24.17 22.96 1940-41 1941-42 50.93 13.64 4-116 Arroyo Seco Ranger Sta- tion Los Angeles 34° 118° 13' 10' 1,220 1934-35 1946-47 BD LAFC 27.45 23.07 1940-41 1941-42 51.70 14.51 4-387 Artesia Los Angeles 35° 118° 52' 05' 49 1917-18 1946-47 BC OCFC& LAFC 12.86 12.56 1940-41 1924-25 31.46 6.62 4-509 Avalon Los Angeles 33° 118° 20' 20' 30 1910-11 1946-47 B USWB 13.11 12.83 1940-41 1923-24 28.10 4.89 4-269 Azusa Cham- ber of Com- merce Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 54' 607 1928-29 1946-47 D LAFC& USWB 21.47 20.38 1940-41 1932-33 40.12 12.48 4-272 Azusa (Grif- fith) Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 54' 545 1894-95 1946-47 D LAFC& DWR 19.03 19.11 1940-41 1898-99 35.91 7.26 4-270 Azusa (Foot- hill Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 54' 615 1916-17 1946-47 CD LAFC& DWR 20.15 20.19 1940-41 1923-24 38.77 11.08 4-271 Azusa (Hibsch) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 54' 602 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.98 20.31 1940-41 1932-33 38.36 12.94 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 193 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-262 Baldwin Park Experiment Station Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 58' 387 1932-33 1946-47 BC LAFC 19.80 17.22 1940-41 1932-33 36.72 11.48 4-253 Baldwin Park No. 1 (Leach) Los Angeles 34° 117° 05' 58' 378 1924-25 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.07 16.99 1940-41 1932-33 35.70 10.87 4-258 Bassett - Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 00' 293 1924-25 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.79 15.74 1940-41 1924-25 36.49 8.96 4-210 Bel Aire Ad- ministration Bldg. Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 27' 540 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.49 18.66 1940-41 1929-30 41.21 12.20 4-202 Bel Aire Bay Club Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 04' 95 1928-29 1944-45 BD LAFC 16.52 14.68 1940-41 1932-33 33.12 10.40 4-378 Bell Chamber of Com- merce Los Angeles 33° 118° 59' 12' 142 1928-29 1946-47 BD LAFC 15.80 14.38 1940-41 1945-46 31.62 10.32 4-69 Bell Canyon (Johnson) Los Angeles 34° 118° 13' 39' 930 1925-26 1944-45 CD LAFC 15.67 14.26 1940-41 1941-42 37.44 10.68 4-382 Bellflower (Bank) . Los Angeles 33° 118° 53' 08' 68 1924-25 1936-37 B LAFC 12.32 12.53 1934-35 1924-25 21.29 7.69 4-214 Beverly Hills (City Hall) Los Angeles 34° 118° 04' 24' 255 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.04 15.74 1940-41 1927-28 37.67 10.45 4-163 Big Dalton Dam Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 49' 1,575 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 27.84 25.97 1940-41 1932-33 46.24 15.02 4-146 Big Santa Anita Dam Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 01' 1,400 1927-28 1946-47 D LAFC 26.38 25.54 1940-41 1927-28 47.41 16.37 4-114 Big Tujunga (Edison Station) Los Angeles 34° 118° 18' 10' 2,445 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 27.89 24.61 1940-41 1929-30 51.86 14.91 4-110 Big Tujunga Dam No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 118° 18' 11' 2,290 1920-21 1946-47 CD LAFC 29.93 27.62 1940-41 1941-42 57.70 15.78 4-49 Blum Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 28' 09' 2,900 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 11.97 9.59 1940-41 1933-34 22.38 4.82 4-10 Bouquet Canyon Los Angeles 34° 118° 35' 22' 3,000 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.02 15.19 1940-41 1929-30 31.49 9.85 4-98 Brand Estate (Glendale) Los Angeles 34 c 118° 11' 17' 815 1928-29 1941-42 CD LAFC 18.09 15.91 1940-41 1929-30 36.05 10.96 4-100 Brand Park... Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 16' 1,250 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.06 19.69 1940-41 1929-30 43.76 13.16 4-105 Briggs Terrace Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 14' 2,325 1933-34 1946-47 CD LAFC 31.12 26.48 1940-41 1941-42 53.03 18.25 4-299 Brydons Ranch Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 46' 1,680 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.96 21.80 1940-41 1941-42 39.40 14.12 4-95 B u r b a n k (City Hall) Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 18' 665 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.11 17.18 1940-41 1929-30 41.11 10.69 4-70 Calabasas (Farmer) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 38' 924 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.06 16.76 1940-41 1928-29 41.92 10.79 4-239 California 1 Tech Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 08' 750 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.25 20.22 1940-41 1932-33 44.27 14.70 7—27922 194 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for— Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-157 Camp Rincon Los Angeles 34° 117° 14' 52' 1,530 1932-33 1946-47 CD LAFC 32.56 29.46 1940-41 1941-42 53.40 17.39 4-251 Chapman Wells Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 04' 630 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.08 21.15 1940-41 1932-33 41.28 13.66 4-91 Chappells Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 22' 1,060 1925-26 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.28 15.83 1940-41 1935-36 38.20 10.75 4-286 Charter Oak.. Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 50' 805 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 20.51 18.96 1940-41 1941-42 36.66 11.72 4-72 Chatsworth... Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 36' 965 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC& USWB 17.40 15.75 1940-41 1932-33 38.36 10.72 4-71 Chatsworth Reservoir Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 37' 865 1925-26 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.27 14.67 1940-41 1941-42 36.62 10.66 4-301 Claremont Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 46' 1,196 1891-92 1946-47 B USWB 18.58 18.67 1940-41 1898-99 38.35 7.85 4-309 Claremont (Bernard) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 43' 1,390 1913-14 1932-33 D LAFC & USWB 20.81 20.48 1921-22 1923-24 32.79 12.95 4-311 Claremont (Fire Station) Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 43' 1,165 1927-28 1946-47 BCD LAFC 19.25 17.88 1940-41 1932-33 36.88 11.72 4-310 Claremont, (Indian Hill) Los Angeles 34° 117° 07' 43' 1,405 1927-28 1944-45 CD LAFC 20.70 19.64 1940-41 1941-42 39.74 12.16 4-220 Clark Estate- Los Angeles 34° 118° 02' 19' 203 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.60 14.45 1940-41 1932-33 32.74 10.58 4-115 Clear Creek .. Los Angeles 34° 118° 17' 10' 3,125 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 32.47 30.15 1940-41 1941-42 60.60 17.81 4-123 Colby Ranch . No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 118° 18' 07' 3,500 1897-98 1946-47 BD LAFC 31.17 31.17 1921-22 1898-99 61.75 8.07 4-162 Coldbrook Camp Los Angeles 34° 117° 18' 50' 3,300 1922-23 1936-37 D USWB &LAFC 26.45 29.07 1936-37 1932-33 46.01 17.04 4-377 Compton (American Sugar) Los Angeles 33° 118° 50' 13' 30 1919-20 1942-43 BD DWR 12.95 12.47 1940-41 1924-25 28.17 5.61 4-376 Compton (Day) Los Angeles 33° 118° 54' 13' 68 1924-25 1946-47 BD LAFC 13.81 12.99 1940-41 1924-25 29.06 8.02 4-380 County Farm. Los Angeles 33° 118° 56' 09' 104 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 15.21 13.43 1940-41 1930-31 32.11 9.31 4-280 Covina No. 1. Los Angeles 34° 117° 05' 52' 627 1899-00 1928-29 D DWR 18.61 19.18 1913-14 1899-00 29.63 9.98 4-275 Covina (Mathews) Los Angeles 34° 117° 05' 53' 527 1929-30 1941-42 CD LAFC 19.22 16.57 1940-41 1932-33 36.73 11.35 4-281 Covina (Temple) Los Angeles 34° 117° 05' 52' 575 1902-03 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.25 18.44 1940-41 1903-04 36.14 9.85 4-276 Covina (Thorpe) Los Angeles 34° 117° 04' 53' 630 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.01 16.22 1940-41 1932-33 32.57 10.57 4-89 Cowane Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 17' 23' 1,120 1930-31 1943-44 D LAFC 20.70 16.39 1940-41 1941-42 35.71 11.44 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 195 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-196 Crags Coun- try Club Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 44' 600 1913-14 1941-42 CD LAFC 22.70 21.70 1940-41 1923-24 50.77 8.49 4-51 Crystal Lake Park (East) Los Angeles 34° 117° 20' 50' 5,740 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 42.27 38.34 1940-41 1932-33 67.08 22.70 4-158 Crystal Lake Park (West) Los Angeles 34° 117° 19' 51' 5,370 1931-32 1942-43 CD LAFC 42.34 36.51 1937-38 1941-42 64.41 22.84 4-215 Culver City -. Los Angeles 34° 118° 01' 23' 65 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 15.47 13.67 1940-41 1945-46 30.45 10.04 4-216 Curson (Eastside) Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 21' 1,125 1928-29 1945-46 CD LAFC 19.65 17.67 1940-41 1929-30 39.21 11.21 4-155 Dalton No. 1 . Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 54' 800 1924-25 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.18 22.37 1940-41 1924-25 43.89 12.64 4-412 Diamond Bar Ranch No. 1 Los Angeles 33° 117° 58' 51' 710 1930-31 1945-46 CD OCFC 19.86 17.25 1940-41 1932-33 37.11 11.64 4-289 Diamond Bar Ranch No. 2 Los Angeles 34° 117° 02' 49' 685 1920-21 1946-47 ABCD LAFC 16.92 16.44 1940-41 1923-24 32.98 10.16 4-14 Diamond Bar Ranch No. 3 Los Angeles 33° 117° 59' 50' 765 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.74 16.15 1940-41 1932-33 37.20 12.13 4-374 Dominguez Hill Los Angeles 33° 118° 52' 14' 195 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 13.89 12.26 1940-41 1933-34 28.25 7.21 4-381 Downey Fire Station Los Angeles 33° 118° 57' 08' 118 1925-26 1946-47 D LAFC 15.64 14.19 1940-41 1935-36 34.17 10.00 4-42 Dry Canyon Reservoir Los Angeles 34° 118° 28' 32' 1,450 1921-22 1946-47 BCD LAFC 12.49 12.67 1940-41 1923-24 31.47 7.14 4-260 Duarte (Mon- rovia Citrus) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 59' 458 1932-33 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.06 19.96 1940-41 1932-33 38.31 12.85 4-391 East Whittier. Los Angeles 33° 118° 58' 02' 215 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.03 14.74 1940-41 1932-33 33.73 9.83 4-113 El Mirador Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 11' 1,025 1924-25 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.45 21.68 1940-41 1927-28 48.38 12.73 4-255 El Monte Chamber of Commerce Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 02' 301 1923-24 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.80 16.19 1940-41 1923-24 37.02 9.06 4-365 El Segundo (Standard Oil) Los Angeles 33° 118° 55' 25' 135 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 13.42 12.20 1940-41 1945-46 29.58 8.17 4-76 Encino (Adohr Dairy) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 32' 815 1923-24 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.94 16.44 1940-41 1923-24 42.69 6.70 4-203 Encino Reser- voir Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 31' 1,000 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.66 15.16 1940-41 1935-36 39.72 8.53 4-154 Fish Canyon. . Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 56' 1,050 1918-19 1940-41 D LAFC 26.53 26.26 1940-41 1918-19 48.73 13.67 4-109 Flintridge Fire Station Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 12' 1,325 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 24.79 22.89 1940-41 1941-42 51.01 14.67 4-86 Ford Craig Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 19' 25' 1,455 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.07 18.30 1940-41 1941-42 40.49 13.89 196 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-338 Franklin (Mullhol- knd) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 25' 1,175 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.46 19.00 1940-41 1929-30 45.15 9.52 4-200 Carrapata Creek Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 35' 990 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 23.26 21.39 1940-41 1927-28 51.97 14.62 4-73 Girard Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 36' 892 1897-98 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.75 16.68 1940-41 1898-99 44.16 6.05 4-74 Girard Rancho Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 36' 875 1912-13 1946-47 BCD LAFC 15.55 15.04 1940-41 1923-24 36.27 7.20 4-231 Glendale Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 14' 603 1927-28 1944-45 BCD LAFC 19.02 18.15 1940-41 1927-28 39.92 10.47 4-227 Glendale (Bartlett) Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 16' 530 1909-10 1946-47 D LAFC 18.42 18.15 1940-41 1923-24 41.62 8.30 4-102 Glendale (Jones) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 15' 620 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.72 17.93 1940-41 1927-28 41.92 9.52 4-277 Glendora No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 52' 740 1892-93 1911-12 BC USWB 21.37 22.80 1892-93 1898-99 39.27 6.39 4-267 Glendora (Azusa Plant) Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 55' 675 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.87 21.08 1940-41 1932-33 39.88 12.55 4-287 Glendora (C. C. War- ren) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 49' 965 1923-24 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.48 20.69 1940-41 1923-24 41.22 11.73 4-283 Glendora (Englewilde Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 51' 1,200 1924-25 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.85 22.44 1940-41 1924-25 42.36 13.20 4-274 Glendora (H. C. War- ren) Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 53' 865 1933-34 1942-43 D LAFC 26.92 22.44 1940-41 1941-42 41.37 14.44 4-278 Glendora (Irrigation Co.) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 52' 782 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.60 20.14 1940-41 1932-33 38.75 12.33 4-279 Glendora (West) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 52' 822 1880-81 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.24 21.95 1889-90 1898-99 49.74 7.24 4-77 Granada (Pumping Plant) Los Angeles 34° 118° 17' 31' 1,130 1927-28 1946-47 D LAFC 18.83 17.49 1940-41 1932-33 39.86 11.85 4-222 Griffith Park (North Slope) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 18' 1,600 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.31 18.82 1940-41 1932-33 42.87 11.41 4-225 Griffith Park (Nursery) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 17' 750 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.28 16.36 1940-41 1932-33 36.96 11.87 4-240 Griffith Park (South Slope) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 18' 1,400 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.26 17.02 1940-41 1930-31 39.28 13.12 4-223 Griffith Park (Tunnel) Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 18' 1,100 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.44 17.18 1940-41 1932-33 40.26 11.84 4-226 Griffith Park (Zoo) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 17' 650 1933-34 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.18 18.89 1940-41 1941-42 40.36 12.18 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 197 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period cf record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-99 Haines Can- yon (Lower) Los Angeles 34° 118° 16' 16' 2,250 1918-19 1946-47 BCD LAFC 25.06 24.86 1940-41 1923-24 53.04 11.54 4-101 Haines Can- yon (Upper) Los Angeles 34° 118° 16' 15' 3,450 1918-19 1946-47 BCD LAFC 30.57 30.33 1940-41 1923-24 61.32 13.81 4-96 Haines Rock Crusher Los Angeles 34° 118° 16' 17' 2,150 1933-34 1943-44 C LAFC 26.36 20.67 1940-41 1941-42 45.15 13.60 4-217 Hancock Park Los Angeles 34° 118° 04' 21' 177 1929-30 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.89 15.18 1940-41 1929-30 34.73 11.13 4-221 Head Works Pumping Plant Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 18' 473 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.84 18.41 1940-41 1944-45 41.50 14.19 4-129 Henninger Flats Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 05' 2,515 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 30.17 28.22 1940-41 1941-42 55.18 18.85 4-234 Highland Park Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 11' 622 1896-97 1946-47 BC LAFC 18.59 18.52 1940-41 1898-99 43.90 6.86 4-141 Hoegee's Camp Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 02' 2,600 1925-26 1946-47 CD LAFC 43.91 42.28 1942-43 1941-42 76.62 21.27 4-219 Hollywood (City Engi- neer) Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 20' 305 1931-32 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.32 15.94 1940-41 1945-46 35.77 12.30 4-218 Hollywood Dam Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 20' 750 1929-30 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.27 16.42 1940-41 1929-30 37.77 11.45 4-245 Huntington Library (San Marino) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 07' 670 1920-21 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.26 19.68 1940-41 1923-24 42.60 9.73 4-375 Huntington Park Los Angeles 33° 118° 59' 13' 175 1928-29 1946-47 D LAFC 15.81 14.38 1940-41 1945-46 33.83 10.57 4-367 Inglewood High School Los Angeles 33° 118° 58' 22' 125 1919-20 1946-47 BCD LAFC 13.35 13.05 1940-41 1923-24 33.11 6.56 4-87 Kiener Ranch. Los Angeles 34° 118° 19' 24' 1,320 1928-29 1944-45 CD LAFC 20.83 17.62 1940-41 1941-42 38.49 12.75 4-130 Kinneloa Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 05' 1,380 1922-23 1946-47 CD LAFC 24.60 24.53 1940-41 1923-24 44.94 11.80 4-108 La Canada (Brigham) Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 12' 1,255 1912-13 1946-47 D LAFC 23.83 23.04 1940-41 1923-24 50.70 10.43 4-159 La Cienega Los Angeles 34° 117° 18' 51' 4,650 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 35.55 33.78 1940-41 1941-42 59.82 21.53 4-106 La Crescenta . Ranger Station Los Angeles 34° 118° 13' 14' 1,565 1927-28 1946-47 BCD LAFC 26.54 24.01 1940-41 1927-28 47.93 13.19 4-379 Laguna Bell .. Los Angeles 33° 118° 59' 09' 140 1930-31 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.02 14.14 1940-41 1935-36 34.80 10.24 4-246 Lamanda Park Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 06' 746 1922-23 1946-47 BCD LAFC 21.49 21.43 1940-41 1923-24 45.50 9.34 4-392 La Mirada (Standard Oil) Los Angeles 33° 118° 53' 01' 86 1923-24 1946-47 BCD OCFC 13.80 13.30 1940-41 1924-25 33.51 6.93 4-90 Lankershim Power Plant Los Angeles ' 34° 118° 12' 23' 732 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 15.62 14.04 1940-41 1935-36 35.53 9.15 198 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for— Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-302 La Verne (Leader) Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 46' 1,054 1904-05 1946-47 CD LAFC& DWR 20.07 18.66 1940-41 1912-13 35.23 11.02 4-304 La Verne (Sheldon) Los Angeles 34° 117° 07' 45' 1,212 1908-09 1928-29 D LAFC 20.10 20.90 1913-14 1918-19 34.25 10.45 4-193 Lechuza Patrol Sta. Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 53' 1,500 1933-34 1946-47 CD LAFC 25.85 22.01 1940-41 1945-46 51.36 16.42 4-393 Leeffingwell Rancho Los Angeles 33° 118° 56' 00' 253 1919-20 1946-47 BCD LAFC 15.10 14.36 1940-41 1923-24 30.50 8.16 4-94 Little Tujunga Los Angeles 34° 118° 19' 20' 1,875 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.92 20.73 1940-41 1933-34 47.60 13.56 4-308 Live Oak Canyon Los Angeles 34° 117° 01' 44' 1,255 1919-20 1946-47 D LAFC 20.74 20.14 1940-41 1932-33 39.46 12.33 4-446 Long Beach .. Los Angeles 33° 118° 47' 11' 50 1907-08 1946-47 BD USWB 12.41 12.14 1940-41 1911-12 29.09 4.91 4-444 Long Beach (Alamitos Land) Los Angeles 33° 118° 46' 12' 30 1894-95 1945-46 BCD LAFC 12.97 12.99 1940-41 1924-25 27.87 6.30 4-445 Long Beach (City Hall) Los Angeles 33° 118° 46' 12' 30 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 12.75 11.61 1940-41 1933-34 24.98 6.03 4-443 Long Beach (Southern Pacific) Los Angeles 33° 118° 46' 12' 50 1907-08 1917-18 B SPCo. 12.18 11.52 1913-14 1911-12 19.78 4.91 4-448 Long Beach (1st & Pros- pect) Los Angeles 33° 118° 46' 08' 15 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 11.79 10.84 1940-41 1928-29 24.27 6.19 4-447 Long Beach (10th & Ros- well) Los Angeles 33° 118° 47' 09' 15 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 13.23 12.16 1940-41 1928-29 27.03 7.36 4-442 Long Beach (16th & Chestnut) Los Angeles 33° 118° 47' 12' 40 1924-25 1946-47 BCD LAFC 12.39 11.66 1940-41 1924-25 27.39 5.62 4-50 Loomis Ranch (Alder Creek) Los Angeles 34° 118 c 21' 03' 4,050 1924-25 1946-47 BCD USWB& LAFC 21.44 20.71 1940-41 1933-34 40.46 12.00 4-320 Lordsburg Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 40' 1,320 1904-05 1917-18 B USWB 21.00 18.75 1906-07 1912-13 29.09 11.02 4-229 Los Angeles - . Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 15' 338 1877-78 1946-47 B USWB 15.43 14.81 1883-84 1898-99 38.18 5.59 4-232 Los Angeles (Ducammon) Los Angeles 34 c 118° 03' 14' 273 1872-73 1895-96 B LAFC 20.64 20.61 1889-90 1876-77 55.14 5.22 4-224 Los Angeles (Junior Col- lege) Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 18' 315 1932-33 1946-47 BCD LAFC 17.93 15.59 1940-41 1932-33 35.68 11.41 4-233 Los Angeles (Edison No. 3) Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 12' 325 1927-28 1946-47 D LAFC 17.24 16.01 1940-41 1927-28 34.90 11.52 4-230 Los Angeles (Water De- partment) Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 15' 300 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.54 14.87 1940-41 1929-30 34.59 10.17 water resources of California 199 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-125 Lowe Obser- vatory Los Angeles 34° 118° 13' 07' 3,420 1896-97 1937-38 BC USWB& LAFC 26.22 26.44 1913-14 1898-99 43.45 10.72 4-205 Mandeville Canyon No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 118° 04' 30' 470 1928-29 1941-42 CD LAFC 21.46 18.41 1940-41 1932-33 40.70 13.53 4-194 Mason Estate. Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 53' 1,155 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.46 20.41 1940-41 1932-33 47.61 15.07 4-11 Mint Canyon. Los Angeles 34 c 118° 31' 21' 2,400 1930-31 1944-45 C LAFC 15.30 12.12 1940-41 1933-34 27.17 8.94 4-147 Monrovia Canyon (Lower End) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 00' 965 1917-18 1938-39 C LAFC& USWB 22.55 23.83 1936-37 1923-24 36.72 12.32 4-256 Monrovia (Chamber of Commerce) Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 00' 560 1913-14 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.58 19.99 1940-41 1923-24 40.76 10.02 4-149 Monrovia Falls Los Angeles 34° 117° 11' 59' 1,800 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 31.62 30.03 1940-41 1932-33 52.99 18.76 4-148 Monrovia (O'Conner) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 00' 694 1920-21 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.59 21.18 1940-41 1923-24 38.36 11.48 4-383 Montana Ranch Los Angeles 33° 118° 51' 07' 47 1915-16 1946-47 CD LAFC 13.17 12.54 1940-41 1924-25 31.13 6.21 4-156 Morris Dam_. Los Angeles 34° 117° 11' 53' 1,210 1930-31 1946-47 D LAFC& USWB 29.16 26.93 1940-41 1941-42 50.22 16.84 4-124 Mt. Lowe Tavern Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 07' 4,460 1926-27 1936-37 BC USWB 28.98 30.21 1934-35 1932-33 45.91 17.56 4-208 Mt. St. Mary's College Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 29' 1,025 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.07 19.09 1940-41 1932-33 43.87 12.38 4-132 Mt. Wilson Airway Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 04' 5,709 1904-05 1946-47 B USWB 34.79 33.00 1940-41 1923-24 74.02 17.45 4-133 Mt. Wilson (Power House) Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 03' 5,850 1904-05 1946-47 D LAFC 34.91 33.31 1940-41 1923-24 74.00 17.29 4-168 Mouth of San Antonio Canyon Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 41' 2,500 1904-05 1946-47 D LAFC 29.70 28.36 1940-41 1918-19 48.58 14.40 4-4 Munz Ranch . Los Angeles 34° 118° 40' 25' 3,250 1927-28 1942-43 CD LAFC 21.50 19.59 1931-32 1929-30 31.66 14.42 4-43 NewhalL. .. Los Angeles 34° 118° 23' 32' 1,270 1877-78 1946-47 B USWB 17.61 19.01 1883-84 1898-99 42.11 5.44 4-44 Newhall (Forestry Station) Los Angeles 34° 118° 23' 32' 1,245 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.87 17.98 1940-41 1927-28 44.69 10.45 4-244 Newmark Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 08' 375 1930-31 1946-47 BCD LAFC 17.20 15.20 1940-41 1932-33 32.16 10.79 4-372 Ninty Sixth & Central (Edison) Los Angeles 33° 118° 57' 15' 121 1930-31 1946-47 BCD LAFC 14.73 13.02 1940-41 1945-46 30.99 8.42 4-92 North Holly- wood Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 22' 593 1906-07 1946-47 BCD LAFC 17.96 17.40 1940-41 1924-25 38.82 8.60 200 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-75 North Los Angeles Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 33' 797 1920-21 1946-47 D LAFC 15.77 15.31 1940-41 1923-24 38.34 6.87 4-259 North Whit- tier (Cole Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 118 c 00' 00' 600 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 19.28 17.49 1940-41 1932-33 36.80 12.55 4-388 Norwalk (Chamber of Commerce) Los Angeles 33° 188 c 54' 04' 83 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 14.60 13.49 1940-41 1928-29 31.26 8.12 4-111 Oakwilde Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 11' 1,820 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 30.00 27.86 1940-41 1941-42 55.67 15.99 4-127 Opid's Camp . Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 06' 4,350 1917-18 1946-47 BCD LAFC& USWB 41.66 41.76 1921-22 1923-24 89.58 21.31 4-47 Pacoima Dam Los Angeles 34° 118° 20' 24' 1,500 1915-16 1946-47 D LAFC 20.75 19.55 1940-41 1923-24 40.24 9.94 4-88 Pacoima (Warehouse) Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 24' 955 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.76 16.57 1940-41 1935-36 37.54 11.55 4-312 Padua Hills.. Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 42' 1,768 1925-26 1946-47 CD LAFC 24.21 22.87 1940-41 1932-33 43.43 14.74 4-438 Palos Verdes (Office) Los Angeles 33° 118° 48' 23' 300 1926-27 1946-47 BD LAFC 13.00 12.01 1940-41 1928-29 26.86 8.08 4-241 Pasadena Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 08' 805 1892-93 1946-47 B USWB 20.05 20.47 1940-41 1898-99 46.32 6.64 4-236 Pasadena (Bennett) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 10' 807 1872-73 1881-82 C LAFC 17.90 17.89 1873-74 1876-77 28.80 5.05 4-118 Pasadena (Chlorine Plant) Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 10' 1,181 1916-17 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.63 23.68 1940-41 1923-24 51.38 10.93 4-235 Pasadena (Water Department) Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 10' 800 1882-83 1902-03 C Pas. WD 19.70 18.54 1883-84 1897-98 44.93 8.92 4-3 Pine Canyon Patrol Sta- tion Los Angeles 34° 118° 40' 26' 3,900 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.46 17.21 1940-41 1933-34 36.36 13.01 4-45 Placerita Can- yon (Mor- sus Ranch) IiOS Angeles 34° 118° 23' 29' 1,480 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.27 20.80 1940-41 1928-29 45.54 13.48 4-437 Point Vicente. Los Angeles 33° 118° 44' 25' 125 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 11.94 11.03 1940-41 1933-34 25.32 7.26 4-306 Pomona Los Angeles 34° 117° 03' 45' 870 1913-14 1946-47 B USWB 19.04 18.21 1940-41 1918-19 37.23 10.58 4-307 Pomona (Frater) Los Angeles 34° 117° 02' 44' 778 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.54 16.38 1940-41 1932-33 37.13 10.54 4-303 Pomona (Nichols) Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 46' 860 1883-84 1924-25 C Private 20.04 19.55 1883-84 1898-99 39.86 7.77 4-305 Pomona (Southern Pacific) Los Angeles 34° 117° 04' 45' 862 1883-84 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.41 16.47 1883-84 1884-85 39.47 10.57 4-249 Potrero Heights Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 05' 297 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 1 18.41 16.82 1940-41 1935-36 36.93 12.68 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 201 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINFMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for— Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-293 Puddingstone Dam Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 48' 1,030 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.42 17.11 1940-41 1932-33 36.96 10.39 4-266 Puente (Edi- son) Los Angeles 34° 117° 01' 56' 376 1920-21 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.21 16.72 1940-41 1923-24 34.13 9.68 4-261 Puente Hills (Elliott) Los Angeles 34° 118° 00' 00' 860 1924-25 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.81 16.58 1940-41 1924-25 35.81 11.37 4-400 Puente Hills (Weisel Ranch) Los Angeles 33° 117° 57' 55' 675 1925-26 1946-47 CD OCFC 17.47 15.88 1940-41 1932-33 32.49 11.54 4-7 Radium Hot Springs Los Angeles 34° 118° 36' 34' 2,075 1929-30 1946-47 CD USWB & LAFC 24.19 19.76 1940-41 1941-42 43.40 14.52 4-366 Redondo Los Angeles 33° 118° 50' 23' 80 1918-19 1946-47 BD LAFC 11.09 11.00 1940-41 1933-34 26.48 3.97 4-384 Rivera Los Angeles 33° 118° 58' 06' 151 1929-30 1941-42 D LAFC 15.98 13.15 1940-41 1932-33 33.04 10.40 4-386 Rivera (Pico) Los Angeles 33° 118° 59' 05' 173 1926-27 1946-47 BC LAFC 16.93 15.64 1940-41 1932-33 44.30 11.21 4-93 Roscoe (Mer- rill) Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 21' 1,000 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.67 15.49 1940-41 1928-29 35.96 10.12 4-371 Rosecrans Ranch Los Angeles 33° 118° 54' 17' 64 1925-26 1944-45 CD LAFC 13.72 12.32 1940-41 1933-34 28.60 7.68 4-265 Rowland Ranch Los Angeles 34° 117° 00' 57' 466 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.86 16.54 1940-41 1932-33 36.82 11.70 4-122 Rubio Canyon Water Company Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 08' 1,155 1921-22 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.79 22.32 1940-41 1923-24 46.37 9.54 4-169 San Antonio Canyon (In- take) Los Angeles 34 c 117° 13' 40' 3,850 1918-19 1928-29 D USWB 29.93 31.98 1921-22 1918-19 53.81 17.89 4-170 San Antonio Canyon (Power . House) Los Angeles 34° 117° 13' 40' 3,250 1900-01 1936-37 D USWB 31.10 30.88 1921-22 1912-13 52.75 15.91 4-2 Sandberg Los Angeles 34° 118° 45' 44' 4,517 1928-29 1946-47 B USWB 14.31 12.35 1940-41 1933-34 31.24 6.87 4-46 Sand Canyon Los Angeles 34° 118 c 23' 24' 1,900 1930-31 1941-42 C LAFC 23.69 19.97 1940-41 1941-42 37.83 14.60 4-300 San Dimas Dam Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 46' 1,350 1919-20 1946-4? CD LAFC 23.92 23.11 1942-43 1932-33 37.72 13.23 4-291 San Dimas (Ferguson Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 117° 07' 48' 1,075 1925-26 1946-47 CD LAFC 21.05 20.01 1940-41 1932-33 38.25 12.45 4-294 San Dimas (Fire Station) Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 48' 960 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC USWB 19.97 19.36 1940-41 1932-33 37.90 11.97 4-292 San Dimas (Harris) Los Angeles 34° 117° 07' 48' 1,000 1919-20 1943-44 CD LAFC 20.70 19.66 1940-41 1923-24 40.70 10.33 4-298 San Dimas (Howard) Los Angeles 34° 117° 07' 47' 1,075 1921-22 1946-47 D LAFC 19.39 19.23 1940-41 1923-24 37.53 11.01 202 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-295 San Dimas Mountain Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 48' 960 1915-16 1938-39 D LAFC 18.68 18.84 1936-37 1930-31 31.14 10.07 4-296 San Dimas Mountain No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 48' 960 1899-00 1914-15 D DWR 20.32 19.98 1913-14 1899-00 32.43 9.73 4-288 San Dimas (Orange Association) Los Angeles 34° 117° 06' 49' 925 1908-09 1931-32 D LAFC 18.81 19.50 1913-14 1923-24 31.57 10.43 4-166 San Dimas (Ranger Station) Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 46' 1,500 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 26.13 24.63 1940-41 1941-42 41.45 14.70 4-290 San Dimas (Stevens) Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 48' 1,110 1928-29 1946-47 D LAFC 21.82 20.78 1940-41 1932-33 40.42 12.04 4-83 San Fernando Los Angeles 34° 118° 17' 27' 960 1877-78 1946-47 BC USWB 16.36 16.88 1940-41 1898-99 40.57 4.14 4-81 San Fernando (Lemon Growers) Los Angeles 34° 118° 16' 28' 950 1922-23 1946-47 CD LAFC& USWB 18.13 17.74 1940-41 1923-24 40.57 9.66 4-85 San Fernando (Miller Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 26' 944 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.50 14.70 1940-41 1927-28 35.25 10.55 4-79 San Fernando Reservoir (Lower) Los Angeles 34° 118° 17' 29' 1,150 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.00 16.38 1940-41 1941-42 36.58 12.41 4-9 San Francis- quito Power House No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 118° 35' 27' 2,100 1918-19 1946-47 BD LAFC 18.92 17.44 1940-41 1923-24 35.69 8.06 4-8 San Francis- quito Power House No. 2 Los Angeles 34° 118° 32' 31' 1,580 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.99 14.59 1940-41 1941-42 35.09 11.72 4-151 San Gabriel Dam No. 2 Los Angeles 34° 117° 15' 58' 2,335 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 39.11 35.04 1940-41 1941-42 69.89 19.77 4-160 San Gabriel Forks Rang- er Station Los Angeles 34° 117° 13' 51' 1,500 1922-23 1946-47 D LAFC 29.08 28.35 1940-41 1924-25 52.48 15.80 4-247 San Gabriel (Gles.son) Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 06' 490 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 26.21 24.53 1940-41 1944-45 39.58 13.88 4-161 San Gabriel Intake (Edison) Los Angeles 34° 117° 12' 51' 1,481 1901-02 1946-47 BCD USWB& LAFC 29.15 28.67 1921-22 1923-24 57.53 15.28 4-268 San Gabriel Power House Los Angeles 34° 117° 09' 54' 744 1900-01 1946-47 D LAFC 23.57 22.77 1940-41 1923-24 44.82 11.57 4-164 San Gabriel River (East Fork) Los Angeles 34° 117° 14' 48' 1,600 1934-35 1946-47 CD LAFC 32.02 27.95 1940-41 1941-42 50.42 17.55 4-248 San Gabriel (Watts) Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 06' 433 1923-24 1944-45 CD LAFC 18.81 18.38 1940-41 1923-24 38.45 8.57 4-440 San Pedro Los Angeles 33° 118° 43' 17' 10 1888-89 1946-47 B USWB 10.91 10.74 1940-41 1893-94 25.18 4.59 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 203 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-439 San Pedro Hills (West End) Los Angeles 33° 118° 46' 22' 1,182 1913-14 1944-45 CD LAFC 15.10 14.35 1940-41 1933-34 31.69 9.22 4-142 Santa Anita Canyon Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 02' 1,725 1927-28 1943-44 CD LAFC 26.45 24.95 1940-41 1927-28 48.21 16.14 4-145 Santa Anita Forest Station Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 01' 1,700 1915-16 1946-47 CD LAFC& USWB 32.10 32.61 1921-22 1923-24 57.33 16.33 4-206 Santa Monica Los Angeles 34° 118° 01' 30' 110 1885-86 1946-47 BD USWB 14.34 14.34 1940-41 1923-24 32.49 6.30 4-207 Santa Monica (Sulliger) Los Angeles 34° 118° 01' 30' 88 1893-94 1925-26 D DWR 13.22 14.31 1906-07 1897-98 21.99 5.07 4-201 Santa Ynez Canyon Los Angeles 34° 118° 04' 34' 500 1925-26 1943-44 BCD LAFC 22.65 19.79 1940-41 1927-28 47.52 12.34 4-41 Saugus (Edison) Los Angeles 34° 118° 25' 35' 1,093 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 14.62 12.98 1940-41 1935-36 34.43 7.75 4-153 Sawpit Canyon Los Angeles 34° 117° 11' 58' 2,000 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 31.99 30.38 1940-41 1932-33 54.04 17.22 4-152 Sawpit Can- yon (Deer Park) Los Angeles 34° 117° 12' 58' 2,725 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 37.66 34.15 1940-41 1932-33 59.62 22.04 4-150 Sawpit Dam.. Los Angeles 34° 117° 11' 59' 1,375 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 26.13 25.22 1940-41 1927-28 46.75 15.28 4-211 Sawtelle . Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 27' 232 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 17.82 16.22 1940-41 1929-30 35.58 10.94 4-195 Seminole Hot Springs Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 48' 875 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.94 20.88 1940-41 1932-33 47.61 14.47 4-82 Sepulveda (Chase) Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 28' 815 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.30 15.74 1940-41 1928-29 38.39 10.25 4-204 Sepulveda & Mulholland Los Angeles 34° 118° 08' 30' 1,400 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 22.35 20.34 1940-41 1929-30 47.98 14.11 4-104 Shields Can- yon Mouth Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 14' 2,264 1915-16 1939-40 C LAFC 25.58 25.96 1937-38 1923-24 44.21 14.66 4-135 Sierra Madre Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 03' 1,100 1896-97 1946-47 BC USWB 24.80 24.80 1940-41 1898-99 49.63 9.54 4-136 Sierra Madre (Blummer) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 03' 1,095 1888-89 1925-26 D DWR 24.96 25.30 1889-90 1898-99 48.86 8.28 4-137 Sierra Madre (Blummer) No. 1 Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 03' 1,095 1888-89 1921-22 C LAFC 25.91 25.77 1889-90 1898-99 48.86 8.28 4-134 Sierra Madre Dam Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 03' 1,100 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 26.47 25.15 1940-41 1941-42 48.70 16.37 4-138 Sierra Madre (Hersey) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 03' 1,170 1927-28 1940-41 CD LAFC 25.84 24.78 1940-41 1927-28 49.63 16.10 4-139 Sierra Madre (Miramonte) Los Angeles 34° 118° 10' 03' 985 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 26.60 24.55 1940-41 1941-42 48.35 16.25 4-252 Sierra Madre (Pegler) Los Angeles 34° 118° 09' 03' 667 1925-26 1946-47 CD LAFC 24.74 22.44 1940-41 1927-28 43.46 14-94 204 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-144 Sierra Madre (Pump Plant) Los Angeles 34° 10' 118° 02' 700 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC 23.22 22.25 1940-41 1927-28 42.25 14.02 4-228 Silver Lake Reservoir Los Angeles 34° 06' 118° 16' 455 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.05 15.75 1940-41 1932-33 34.78 10.80 4-103 Sister Elsie Peak Los Angeles 34° 16' 118° 14' 5,040 1899-00 1935-36 CD LAFC 20.02 23.27 1900-01 1923-24 35.39 10.13 4-212 Soldiers Home Los Angeles 34° 03' 118° 27' 355 1896-97 1946-47 BCD LAFC 14.89 14.87 1940-41 1897-98 34.20 5.53 4-256 South of Mon- rovia Los Angeles 34° 08' 118° 00' 391 1912-13 1929-30 C LAFC 17.67 18.75 1913-14 1923-24 33.43 9.66 4-237 South Pasa- dena (City Hall) Los Angeles 34° 07' 118° 09' 660 1927-28 1946-47 D LAFC 19.89 18.47 1940-41 1927-28 42.00 12.54 4-238 South Pasa- dena (Cooper) Los Angeles 34° 07' 118° 09' 657 1916-17 1929-30 CD LAFC 15.54 18.20 1921-22 1923-24 25.80 8.88 4-254 South Pasa- dena (Marsh) Los Angeles 34° 06' 118° 03' 557 1923-24 1946-47 BCD LAFC 20.18 19.45 1940-41 1923-24 43.51 8.88 4-284 State Narcotic Hospital Los Angeles 34° 03' 117° 51' 770 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.48 17.25 1940-41 1941-42 36.52 11.99 4-209 Stone Canyon Dam Los Angeles 34° 06' 118° 27' 725 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 21.55 19.82 1940-41 1927-28 45.69 13.02 4-140 Sturtevant Camp Los Angeles 34° 13' 118° 02' 3,375 1927-28 1942-43 D LAFC 38.22 36.11 1940-41 1941-42 63.51 18.82 4-198 Summit To- panga Los Angeles 34° 08' 118° 36' 1,520 1927-28 1943-44 CD LAFC 21.58 18.90 1940-41 1935-36 44.95 13.36 4-97 Sunset Canyon Los Angeles 34° 12' 118° 17' 1,610 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.83 19.25 1940-41 1927-28 45.17 10.33 4-119 Switzer's Camp Los Angeles 34° 16' 118° 09' 2,980 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 30.67 28.42 1940-41 1927-28 57.45 17.34 4-80 Sylamar Pack- ing Corpor- ation Los Angeles 34° 19' 118° 28' 1,250 1919-20 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.03 16.91 1940-41 1923-24 38.73 9.11 4-165 Tanbark Flat. Los Angeles 34° 12' 117° 46' 2,750 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 29.68 28.27 1940-41 1941-42 48.20 16.11 4-385 Telegraph Road Los Angeles 33° 57' 118° 06' 144 1929-30 1946-47 BCD LAFC 15.79 14.20 1940-41 1932-33 33.89 9.72 4-199 Topanga Canyon Los Angeles 34° 05' 118° 36' 747 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 25.67 23.84 1940-41 1927-28 54.62 14.50 4-368 Torrance (General Petroleum) Los Angeles 33° 51' 118° 20' 75 1929-30 1945-46 CD LAFC 14.19 12.59 1940-41 1933-34 29.30 7.91 4-370 Torrance (Edison) Los Angeles 33° 52' 118° 19' 57 1930-31 1945-46 CD LAFC 13.38 11.64 1940-41 1933-34 29.67 7.46 4-78 Upper San Fer- nando Plant No. 3 Los Angeles 34° 19' 118° 30' 1,248 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 20.67 17.94 1940-41 1929-30 42.67 12.57 4-117 U.S. Forest Service Shops Los Angeles 34° 13' 118° 10' 1,490 1917-18 1933-34 C LAFC 21.70 25.10 1921-22 1923-24 44.43 12.48 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 205 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-213 Upper Frank- lin Reservoir Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 25' 867 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 19.83 18.42 1940-41 1927-28 42.29 10.35 4-273 Valencia Heights Los Angeles 34° 117° 03' 54' 467 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.54 15.73 1940-41 1932-33 35.93 10.57 4-131 Valley Forge Lodge Los Angeles 34° 118° 15' 04' 3,400 1922-23 1942-43 D LAFC 39.16 38.39 1940-41 1923-24 71.07 19.13 4-84 Van Nuys Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 27' 695 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 17.00 15.79 1940-41 1927-28 39.75 9.60 4-364 Venice .. Los Angeles 33* 118° 59' 28' 7 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 15.14 13.77 1940-41 1929-30 35.00 9.78 4-14 Vincent Patrol Station Los Angeles 34° 118° 30' 08' 3,250 1927-28 1946-47 BCD LAFC 9.88 9.57 1940-41 1933-34 19.86 4.40 4-285 Walnut (Fruit Growers) Los Angeles 34° 117° 00' 51' 533 1911-12 1946-47 CD LAFC 18.49 17.27 1940-41 1918-19 35.82 9.49 4-282 Walnut (Howell) Los Angeles 34° 117° 00' 52' 488 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.43 16.76 1940-41 1932-33 37.00 11.42 4-373 Watts (Jordan) Los Angeles 33° 118° 57' 14' 110 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 15.86 14.20 1940-41 1929-30 35.20 10.46 4-264 West Covina . Los Angeles 34° 117° 04' 57' 358 1925-26 1946-47 BCD LAFC 18.90 17.37 1940-41 1932-33 37.80 11.21 4-369 Western Ave. (Jank) Los Angeles 33° 118° 57' 19' 235 1930-31 1943-44 CD LAFC 17.07 14.22 1940-41 1932-33 33.70 9.89 4-197 West Saddle Peak Los Angeles 34 e 118° 04' 41' 890 1929-30 1943-44 BCD LAFC 25.09 21.39 1940-41 1932-33 48.55 14.57 4-390 Whittier (City Hall) Los Angeles 33° 118° 59' 02' 365 1927-28 1946-47 CD LAFC 15.45 14.35 1940-41 1932-33 32.85 9.96 4-250 Whittier (Narrows) Los Angeles 34° 118° 01' 05' 181 1924-25 1946-47 CD LAFC 16.38 15.14 1940-41 1924-25 32.52 8.96 4-389 Whittier (Southern Pacific) Los Angeles 33° 118° 59' 03' 242 1897-98 1936-37 BD LAFC 13.57 14.62 1914-15 1898-99 22.73 7.13 4-441 Wilmington... Los Angeles 33° 118° 47' 16' 40 1928-29 1946-47 CD LAFC 14.14 12.87 1940-41 1930-31 28.39 8.67 4-167 Wolfskill Fall. Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 45' 2,400 1924-25 1936-37 D LAFC 24.69 25:32 1936-37 1927-28 34.77 15.68 4-469 Aliso Orange 33° 117° 43' 50' 70 1910-11 1944-45 BD OCFC 11.98 11.72 1940-41 1924-25 29.13 5.33 4-398 Anaheim. . . Orange 33° 117° 51' 56' 134 1878-79 1909-10 B USWB 12.07 12.14 1883-84 1878-79 26.17 4.35 4-399 Anaheim Asso- ciated Lab- oratories Orange 33 c 117° 50' 56' 135 1927-28 1946-47 BD OCFC 15.33 13.62 1940-41 1932-33 32.59 8.98 4-395 Anaheim (Jos. Carroll) Orange 33° 117° 50' 58' 105 1923-24 1946-47 BD OCFC 13.69 12.85 1940-41 1924-25 31.78 7.29 4-402 Anaheim (Dickel) Orange.. .. 33° 117° 50' 55' 150 1879-80 1920-21 D OCFC 13.15 13.05 1883-84 1897-98 25.82 5.32 4-403 Anaheim (Union Water) Orange 33° 117° 50' 55' 160 1926-27 1 1941-42 BD OCFC 15.22 13.73 1940-41 1935-36 32.88 8.53 206 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-404 Anaheim (Water De- partment) Orange. ... 33° 117° 50' 55' 155 1921-22 1946-47 D OCFC 14.06 13.30 1940-41 1924-25 33.58 7.25 4-508 Bell Canyon.. Orange 33° 117° 38' 33' 1,000 1930-31 1942-43 D OCFC 21.73 19.22 1940-41 1933-34 39.47 13.34 4-297 Brea Canyon . Orange 34° 117° 00' 48' 975 1930-31 1946-47 D OCFC 19.49 17.22 1940-41 1935-36 41.01 13.26 4-394 Buena Park .. Orange 33° 118° 52' 00' 75 1926-27 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.62 13.22 1940-41 1928-29 31.42 8.71 4-484 Camp Silver- ado Orange 33° 117° 45' 40' 2,000 1930-31 1946-47 D OCFC 27.45 24.87 1940-41 1933-34 48.73 16.11 4-499 Costa Mesa... Orange 33° 117° 38' 55' 90 1927-28 1946-47 BC DWR 12.60 11.59 1940-41 1933-34 28.24 7.81 4-467 Dyer Orange.. .. 33° 117° 42' 51' 55 1922-23 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.30 11.63 1940-41 1922-23 27.34 6.61 4-472 El Modena... Orange 33° 117° 47' 49' 245 1918-19 1938-39 BD OCFC 13.26 14.00 1937-38 1922-23 19.60 7.53 4-505 El Torro Orange. ... 33° 117° 36' 42' 375 1876-77 1946-47 B OCFC 14.40 14.47 1883-84 1876-77 39.65 5.40 4-405 Fullerton Orange 33° 117° 52' 54' 336 1933-34 1946-47 B USWB 17.30 14.32 1940-41 1935-36 36.24 10.19 4-407 Fullerton (Desgrange) Orange. ... 33° 117° 52' 53' 215 1909-10 1927-28 BD LAFC 16.80 17.68 1915-16 1924-25 26.86 10.32 4-406 Fullerton (Knowlton) Orange 33° 117° 52' 54' 195 1919-20 1946-47 B OCFC 15.50 15.15 1940-41 1924-25 37.80 8.67 4-397 Fullerton (Zinn Lab- oratory) Orange 33' 117° 55° 56' 320 1931-32 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.58 12.54 1940-41 1946-47 29.74 8.25 4-460 Garden Grove (Allen Brothers) Orange 33° 117° 47' 56' 95 1924-25 1946-47 BD OCFC 13.73 12.77 1940-41 1924-25 31.89 5.73 4-461 Garden Grove (Lumber Company) Orange 33° 117° 46' 56' 90 1914-15 1940-41 BD OCFC 12.73 12.35 1940-41 1924-25 28.91 5.75 4-410 G & L Pump- ing Station Orange 33° 117° 54' 52' 350 1926-27 1939-40 BD OCFC 13.69 13.21 1936-37 1932-33 21.75 7.96 4-458 Huntington Beach (City Hall) Orange 33° 118° 40' 00' 35 1928-29 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.62 11.32 1940-41 1933-34 28.48 7.16 4-456 Huntington Beach (Holly Sugar) Orange 33° 118° 41' 00' 50 1924-25 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.40 11.54 1940-41 1924-25 27.99 5.98 4-457 Huntington Beach (Union Oil) Orange 33° 118° 41' 00' 65 1924-25 1939-40 BD OCFC 11.37 11.37 1936-37 1924-25 20.45 5.65 4-470 Irvine No. 1.. Orange 33° 117° 40' 50' 50 1897-98 1946-47 B OCFC 12.45 12.45 1940-41 1897-98 27.40 5.26 4-502 Shady Camp (Irvine Company) Orange 33° 117° 38' 48' 300 1899-00 1946-47 D OCFC 14.89 14.58 1940-41 1924-25 30.58 7.52 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 207 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-481 Irvine County Park Orange 33° 117° 48' 45' 550 1919-20 1929-30 B OCFC 15.34 16.97 1921-22 1922-23 23.20 11.05 4-476 Irvine Home Ranch Orange 33° 117° 44' 47' 130 1897-98 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.85 12.85 1940-41 1897-98 28.90 5.82 4-475 Irvine Ranch (Harkle Road) Orange 33° 117° 41' 48' 100 1910-11 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.19 12.03 1940-41 1924-25 27.31 5.02 4-463 Irvine Ranch (Hog Ranch) Orange 33° 117° 40' 53' 60 1913-14 1922-23 B OCFC 11.63 11.28 1914-15 1922-23 18.12 6.47 4-480 Irvine Ranch (Irvine) Orange 33° 117° 41' 46' 200 1894-95 1946-47 B OCFC 13.49 13.44 1940-41 1924-25 28.56 5.60 4-504 Irvine Ranch (Johnson) Orange 33° 117° 39' 43' 350 1900-01 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.34 13.90 1940-41 1924-25 28.71 6.63 4-483 Irvine Ranch (Lambert) Orange. ... 33° 117° 42' 43' 400 1926-27 1946-47 D OCFC 16.04 15.03 1940-41 1928-29 29.38 9.48 • 4-501 Irvine Ranch Morro Orange 33° 117° 41' 49' 100 1900-01 1944-45 BD OCFC 13.25 12.77 1940-41 1924-25 28.70 6.74 4-478 Jacobs Orange 33° 117° 47' 46' 550 1899-00 1944-45 BD OCFC 16.04 15.59 1940-41 1899-00 30.38 7.72 4-462 Kattella Sub- station Orange 33° 117° 48' 54' 140 1924-25 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.77 13.74 1940-41 1924-25 33.97 6.39 4-503 Laguna Beach Orange 33° 117° 32' 47' 205 1928-29 1946-47 B USWB 13.14 11.44 1936-37 1928-29 20.11 6.83 4-396 La Habra (Citrus Association) Orange 33° 117° 56' 57' 285 1925-26 1946-47 BD OCFC 15.39 13.99 1940-41 1928-29 31.65 9.91 4-416 La Vida Springs Orange 33° 117° 56' 48' 850 1930-31 1946-47 D OCFC 18.83 16.51 1940-41 1946-47 40.27 10.38 4-482 Limestone Orange 33° 117° 46' 43' 1,000 1917-18 1946-47 BD OCFC 17.68 17.66 1940-41 1918-19 34.95 10.51 4-450 Los Alamitos Orange 33° 118° 49' 04' 26 1910-11 1946-47 B SCE 11.43 11.32 1940-41 1924-25 28.25 5.97 4-409 Maranjal Orange 33° 117° 56' 52' 770 1926-27 1939-40 BD OCFC 14.29 13.57 1936-37 1932-33 21.66 8.89 4-500 Newport Beach Orange 33° 117° 36' 54' 8 1921-22 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.31 11.99 1940-41 1924-25 28.17 5.73 4-413 Olive Orange 33° 117° 50' 51' 230 1921-22 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.66 14.32 1940-41 1924-25 32.98 8.09 4-466 Orange Orange.. .. 33° 117° 47' 51' 200 1895-96 1946-47 BD OCFC 13.86 13.99 1940-41 1897-98 31.93 5.10 4-408 Placentia (Union Water Company) Orange 33° 117° 52' 53' 195 1929-30 1946-47 BD OCFC 15.90 14.29 1940-41 1935-36 35.73 9.29 4-411 Placentia (Mutual Orange Association) Orange 33° 117° 53' 52' 225 1927-28 1946-47 BD DWR 16.45 15.28 1940-41 1935-36 39.20 9.12 4-510 San Clemente. Orange 33° 117° 26' 37' 280 1930-31 1944-45 B USWB 14.09 11.81 1940-41 1933-34 26.04 7.46 208 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-479 San Joaquin Fruit Com- pany Orange 33° 117° 43' 46' 200 1919-20 1946-47 D OCFC 14.67 13.95 1940-41 1924-25 30.85 7.32 4-506 San Juan Cap- istrano Orange 33° 117° 31' 40' 150 1904-05 1946-47 BD OCFC 15.00 14.36 1940-41 1923-24 27.83 7.80 4-464 Santa Ana Orange. ... 33 c 117° 45' 52' 133 1888-89 1946-47 B USWB 14.03 14.16 1940-41 1893-94 34.34 6.61 4-418 Santa Ana Canyon Orange.. .. 33° 117° 52' 46' 325 1927-28 1942-43 D OCFC 15.11 13.20 1940-41 1941-42 28.76 9.15 4-465 Santa Ana (Hill) Orange 33° 117° 45' 52' 125 1908-09 1946-47 D OCFC 13.59 13.34 1940-41 1924-25 31.14 5.87 4-486 Santiago Can- yon (Pleas- ant's Ranch) Orange. .. . 33° 117° 44' 39' 1,145 1894-95 1932-33 B OCFC 18.54 19.80 1894-95 1898-99 29.75 7.81 4-485 Santiago Can- yon (Red- man) Orange 33° 117° 45' 40' 1,000 1920-21 1931-32 D OCFC 19.83 21.68 1921-22 1928-29 34.50 13.38 4-449 Seal Beach Orange.. .. 33° 118° 45' 07' 25 1927-28 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.69 11.51 1940-41 1933-34 26.53 6.51 4-487 Silverado Canyon Orange.. .. 33° 117° 45' 38' 1,500 1918-19 1946-47 BD OCFC 21.60 21.60 1940-41 1918-19 39.71 12.00 4-452 Stanton 33° 118° 48' 00' 60 1926-27 1946-47 BD OCFC 13.99 12.67 1940-41 1928-29 32.23 8.02 4-401 Stewart Pumping Station Orange 33° 117° 56' 55' 475 1924-25 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.92 13.87 1940-41 1924-25 32.63 8.51 4-459 Talbert Orange 33° 117° 42' 58' 23 1918-19 1943-44 BD OCFC 12.65 11.58 1940-41 1918-19 26.95 7.11 4-507 Trabuco Can- yon Orange 33° 117° 39' 34' 1,250 1925-26 1946-47 BD OCFC 20.74 19.35 1940-41 1933-34 35.70 11.72 4-477 Tustin Orange... . 33° 117° 44' 47' 125 1877-78 1946-47 B USWB 13.28 12.95 1883-84 1878-79 32.65 5.75 4-474 Tustin (High School) Orange 33° 117° 44' 49' 120 1924-25 1946-47 D OCFC 13.99 13.01 1940-41 1924-25 31.41 6.54 4-473 Tustin (Whit- son) Orange. .. . 33° 117° 45' 49' 110 1921-22 1933-34 D OCFC 11.87 13.34 1921-22 1924-25 17.45 7.07 4-468 Villa Park (Allen) Orange.. .. 33° 117° 48' 50' 285 1919-20 1946-47 BD OCFC 15.74 14.97 1940-41 1924-25 34.56 7.40 4-471 Villa Park (Orchard Association) Orange ... 33° 117° 49' 49' 290 1928-29 1946-47 BD OCFC 15.85 14.22 1940-41 1928-29 34.68 9.06 4-453 Wintersburg Ave. Orange 33° 118° 44' 00' 25 1906-07 1946-47 BD OCFC 12.35 12.13 1940-41 1924-25 30.39 5.67 4-454 Wintersburg (Moore) Orange 33° 118° 43' 00' 15 1922-23 1943-44 D OCFC 11.56 10.89 1940-41 1924-25 23.80 4.93 4-451 Wintersburg (Murdy) Orange 33° 118° 43' 01' 20 1925-26 1946-47 D OCFC 12.82 11.64 1940-41 1933-34 28.84 6.70 4-455 Wintersburg, (Slater) Orange.. . 33° 118° 43' 00' 25 1927-28 1946-47 D OCFC 12.40 9.97 1940-41 1935-36 26.69 7.52 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 209 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-415 Yorba Linda.. Orange 33° 117° 54' 50' 405 1912-13 1946-47 B USWB 15.53 14.84 1940-41 1924-25 37.65 8.42 4-515 Aquanga Riverside. ._ 33° 116° 29' 47' 3,100 1908-09 1946-47 B USWB 13.59 12.78 1940-41 1933-34 24.20 4.62 4-420 Arlington Riverside... 33° 117° 53' 37' 925 1915-16 1946-47 D DWR 10.18 10.24 1940-41 1933-34 20.53 4.45 4-435 Beaumont Riverside. .- 33° 117° 55' 00' 2,558 1888-89 1946-47 B USWB 19.10 19.35 1936-37 1898-99 34.00 7.48 4-436 Beaumont (near) Riverside. .. 33° 116° 56' 56' 2,590 1911-12 1946-47 B USWB 22.80 22.04 1936-37 1912-13 38.19 11.91 4-423 Corona . Riverside ... 33° 117° 52' 35' 850 1908-09 1946-47 B USWB 13.80 13.11 1940-41 1924-25 28.05 6.64 4-429 Corona (American Fruit) Riverside. . . 33° 117° 50' 33' 1,050 1911-12 1946-47 D DWR 13.89 13.35 1921-22 1933-34 26.72 6.91 4-424 Corona (Foot- hill Lemon Company No. 1) Riverside. ._ 33° 117° 51' 35' 1,050 1930-31 1946-47 D DWR 16.94 15.19 1940-41 1933-34 31.48 8.90 4-425 Corona (Foot- hill Lemon Company No. 2) Riverside... 33° 117° 50' 35' 1,225 1931-32 1946-47 D DWR 19.29 16.98 1940-41 1933-34 34.17 9.91 4-422 Corona (Foot- hill Lemon Company No. 3) Riverside . . . 33° 117° 52' 36' 850 1931-32 1946-47 D DWR 16.70 14.70 1940-41 1933-34 31.27 8.52 4-428 Corona No. 1 Riverside. .. 33° 117° 51' 33' 895 1920-21 1944-45 BD DWR 14.12 13.11 1940-41 1933-34 27.49 7.71 4-426 Corona No. 2. Riverside... 33° 117° 52' 34' 680 1905-06 1946-47 BD DWR 12.80 12.19 1940-41 1933-34 27.14 6.38 4-496 Decker's Ranch Riverside... 33° 116° 49' 45' 5,550 1920-21 1937-38 B Private 37.06 37.32 1936-37 1933-34 61.20 21.37 4-488 Earl Ranch No. 2 Riverside... 33° 117° 47' 30' 875 1926-27 1946-47 BD OCFC 14.73 14.25 1936-37 1933-34 26.56 7.25 4-492 Elsinore Riverside ... 33° 117° 40' 19' 1,272 1887-88 1946-47 B USWB 13.32 13.32 1936-37 1899-1900 26.35 5.98 4-490 Elsinore (Sherman) Riverside. .. 33° 117° 41' 24' 1,300 1916-17 1946-47 BD DWR 17.34 17.48 1940-41 1918-19 36.02 8.37 4-489 Glenn Ivy Riverside... 33° 117° 46' 29' 1,100 1905-06 1946-47 BD DWR 17.13 16.54 1936-37 1924-25 34.37 8.55 4-497 Idyllwild Riverside. ._ 33° 116° 45' 43' 5,400 1901-02 1944-45 BC USWB 27.29 28.36 1905-06 1903-04 41.66 14.95 4-498 Lake Hemet.. Riverside... 33° 116° 40' 41' 4,350 1896-97 1946-47 BC LHW Co. 20.01 19.98 1936-37 1933-34 34.27 6.77 4-435 March Field. _ Riverside. .. 33° 117° 54' 16' 1,580 1928-29 1946-47 D DWR 10.67 9.96 1940-41 1933-34 21.62 3.53 4-491 Mockingbird Canyon Riverside... 33° 117° 49' 21' 1 1,700 1919-20 1935-36 D DWR 1 11.12 11.51 1921-22 1933-34 22.57 4.04 210 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-434 Moreno Mu- tual Water Company Riverside... 33° 117° 58' 03' 2,210 1928-29 1946-47 BD DWR 17.26 16.87 1940-41 1933-34 25.83 8.19 4-427 Norco ... Riverside... 33° 117° 57' 33' 650 1923-24 1946-47 BD DWR 12.18 11.62 1940-41 1924-25 25.72 6.98 4-421 Ontario (Impach) Riverside... 33° 117° 59' 36' 660 1928-29 1946-47 D DWR 12.84 11.99 1940-41 1932-33 27.66 8.48 4-419 Prado Riverside ... 33° 117° 53' 39' 480 1930-31 1946-47 D OCFC 16.33 14.94 1940-41 1933-34 33.68 9.21 4-493 Railroad Can- yon Dam Riverside. .. 33° 117° 41' 17' 1,425 1934-35 1946-47 D DWR 12.99 11.60 1940-41 1945-46 23.84 7.29 4-431 Riverside Riverside .. . 33° 117° 59' 21' 851 1881-82 1946-47 B USWB 11.42 11.53 1883-84 1882-83 22.74 2.94 4-432 Riverside Cit- rus Experi- ment Sta- tion Riverside. .. 33° 117° 58' 20' 1,050 1924-25 1946-47 D DWR 11.95 11.25 1940-41 1933-34 23.01 5.11 4-430 Riverside Press Riverside... 33° 117° 59' 22' 840 1880-81 1932-33 D DWR 11.14 11.76 1883-84 1882-83 22.54 2.94 4-494 Romoland Riverside... 33° 117° 45' 11' 1,450 1917-18 1931-32 B DWR 10.95 11.17 1921-22 1924-25 21.62 5.36 4-495 San Jacinto.. . Riverside ... 33° 116° 46' 58' 1,550 1886-87 1946-47 B USWB 13.47 13.54 1921-22 1933-34 25.23 6.36 4-335 Wineville Riverside... 34° 117° 02' 31' 830 1908-09 1938-39 BD DWR 14.02 13.62 1921-22 1912-13 27.27 8.46 4-330 Alta Loma (Cherback) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 09' 35' 1,850 1928-29 1946-47 BD DWR 24.02 22.22 1940-41 1932-33 39.45 14.54 4-328 Alta Loma (Smith) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 36' 1,540 1910-11 1946-47 B Private 20.92 20.81 1915-16 1912-13 50.55 12.80 4-172 Alta Loma (Valley View Ranch) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 10' 37' 2,200 1913-14 1942-43 D Private &DWR 25.31 23.36 1940-41 1927-28 43.48 14.97 4-329 Alta Loma Heights (Citrus Association) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 07' 36' 1,390 1930-31 1946-47 D DWR 22.64 20.43 1940-41 1932-33 40.66 13.29 4-184 Arrowhead Springs San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 11' 16' 2,000 1909-10 1936-37 BC USWB 22.99 23.28 1921-22 1917-18 39.49 9.72 4-177 Bennett Ranch San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 10' 27' 1,870 1923-24 1946-47 D DWR 26.85 25.71 1940-41 1932-33 46.46 15.14 4-187 Big Bear Lake Dam San Ber- nardino 34° 116° 14' 59' 6,800 1883-84 1946-47 B BBVWCo 38.40 35.44 1883-84 1895-96 92.89 11.29 4-189 Big Bear Lake (Preston) San Ber- nardino 34° 116° 15' 55' 6,800 1931-32 1941-42 D DWR 27.84 25.20 1931-32 1932-33 44.53 16.34 4-188 Big Bear Lake (Rideout) San Ber- nardino 34° 116° 15' 57' 6,800 1928-29 1942-43 D DWR 32.42 30.33 1931-32 1930-31 50.74 19.22 4-171 Camp Baldy.. San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 39' 4,300 1919-20 1944-45 BCD USWB& LAFC 35.32 33.81 1921-22 1932-33 66.63 20.44 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 211 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-417 Carbon Can- yon San Ber- nardino 33° 117° 58' 46' 1,150 1930-31 1946-47 BD OCFC 18.88 16.55 1940-41 1932-33 39.96 10.64 4-314 Chino San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 00' 42' 714 1893-94 1914-15 B USWB 15.71 16.98 1906-07 1898-99 26.36 6.28 4-313 Chino (Ameri- can Sugar) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 01' 42' 710 1906-07 1946-47 BD DWR 17.17 16.50 1940-41 1922-23 36.79 9.93 4-318 Chino (Delphey) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 01' 41' 770 1926-27 1937-38 BD DWR 17.50 17.14 1936-37 1932-33 27.99 10.31 4-319 Chino (Edison) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 00' 41' 670 1927-28 1946-47 BD DWR 16.85 16.34 1940-41 1932-33 37.37 10.16 4-342 Colton No. 1 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 19' 975 1914-15 1946-47 BD DWR 15.64 14.93 1940-41 1933-34 28.56 8.00 4-344 Colton No. 2 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 03' 19' 940 1927-28 1946-47 BD DWR 13.93 13.30 1940-41 1933-34 28.13 7.40 4-343 Colton (Police Department) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 19' 980 1923-24 1946-47 BD DWR 15.31 14.78 1940-41 1945-46 28.79 8.32 4-358 Crafton Heights San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 03' 06' 2,000 1927-28 1946-47 D DWR 17.00 16.22 1940-41 1933-34 25.93 9.75 4-356 Craftonville San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 07' 1,759 1892-93 1908-09 BC USWB 14.10 15.88 1904-05 1898-99 23.00 5.93 4-331 Cucamonga (Mission Winery) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 35' 1,210 1923-24 1946-47 BD DWR 18.08 17.31 1940-41 1932-33 32.72 11.64 4-333 Cucamonga (Thomas) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 34' 1,190 1920-21 1937-38 BD Private 17.35 17.05 1936-37 1932-33 30.07 9.16 4-182 Devils Can- yon Gate San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 12' 20' 1,900 1927-28 1946-47 D DWR 25.78 24.31 1940-41 1935-36 42.49 17.72 4-181 Devil's Can- yon No. 2 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 13' 20' 2,750 1927-28 1941-42 BD DWR 31.05 29.40 1940-41 1932-33 53.28 21.46 4-179 Devore San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 25' 2,435 1918-19 1946-47 BD DWR 31.82 30.67 1921-22 1918-19 59.99 18.42 4-353 East High- lands (Gold Buckle As- aociation) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 07' 10' 1,370 1930-31 1946-47 D DWR 18.53 15.80 1940-41 1933-34 29.49 10.45 4-354 East High lands (Or- ange Com- pany) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 07' 10' 1,520 1910-11 1946-47 BD DWR 19.60 18.66 193637 1933-34 31.28 12.07 4-334 Etiwanda No. 2 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 31' 1,425 1883-84 1946-47 BD DWR 21.37 21.37 1940-41 1898-99 39.23 8.02 4-336 Fontana San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 26' 1,325 1911-12 1946-47 BD DWR& USWB 18.84 17.93 1940-41 1912-13 35.24 8.88 4-337 Fontana, (Farms Company) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 26' 1,280 1925-26 1946-47 BD DWR 17.81 16.73 1940-41 1945-46 31.11 11.04 4-339 Fontana, (Power House) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 09' 24' 1,590 1926-27 1946-47 BD DWR 21.17 19.77 1940-41 1932-33 34.90 13.15 212 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for— Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-363 Forest Home . San Ber- nardino 34° 116° 06' 56' 5,100 1930-31 1946-47 D DWR 34.94 33.77 1937-38 1932-33 60.35 19.07 4-175 Glen Ranch .. San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 15' 29' 3,256 1899-00 1915-16 D DWR 32.38 33.49 1913-14 1899-00 53.62 11.45 4-332 Guasti San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 35' 975 1913-14 1946-47 BD DWR 16.77 15.66 1940-41 1918-19 31.74 8.08 4-350 Highland (Ewig) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 11' 1,435 1924-25 1946-47 BD DWR 18.86 17.16 1940-41 1933-34 30.77 11.17 4-348 Highland (Frazer) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 13' 1,340 1908-09 1946-47 BD DWR 18.58 17.78 1936-37 1912-13 30.40 11.29 4-173 Kellys Camp . San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 36' 8,300 1931-32 1946-47 BCD DWR& USWB 51.99 43.90 1940-41 1933-34 94.07 25.91 4-178 Lytle Creek .. San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 12' 26' 2,250 1905-06 1946-47 BCD USWB 35.81 33.71 1913-14 1923-24 57.98 18.15 4-180 Lytle Creek (Fontana Water) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 12' 21' 2,300 1925-26 1946-47 D DWR 34.64 33.61 1940-41 1945-46 53.48 19.89 4-176 Lytle Creek (Ranger Station) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 29' 2,720 1930-31 1946-47 BD DWR 44.63 40.52 1937-38 1935-36 84.53 24.71 4-341 Lytle Creek (San Bernar- dino Water) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 07' 21' 1,225 1946-47 1925-26 BD DWR 18.70 18.17 1940-41 1932-33 32.25 12.46 4-174 Lytle Creek (Edison) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 30' 2,800 1946-47 1927-28 D DWR 40.24 38.70 1937-38 1927-28 73.60 21.30 4-355 Men tone San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 08' 1,650 1927-28 1946-47 D DWR 16.65 15.88 1936-37 1933-34 28.73 7.94 4-361 Mill Creek No. 2 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 05' 02' 2,965 1903-04 1946-47 D DWR 23.57 22.66 1936-37 1912-13 38.58 14.54 4-183 New Mark Reservoir San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 10' 19' 1,415 1927-28 1946-47 D DWR 20.55 19.12 1940-41 1930-31 37.76 13.10 4-327 Ontario (Braundle Acres) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 03' 37' 920 1927-28 1946-47 D DWR 15.80 15.31 1940-41 1932-33 30.69 9.47 4-324 Ontario (Hamilton) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 05' 39' 1,110 1914-15 1924-25 D DWR 17.67 17.96 1915-16 1918-19 27.58 11.88 4-325 Ontario No. 1 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 39' 1,010 1927-28 1946-47 D DWR 17.51 16.97 1940-41 1932-33 33.47 10.78 4-323 Ontario No. 2 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 05' 39' 1,100 1918-19 1935-36 BD DWR 14.82 16.60 1931-32 1932-33 20.69 10.23 4-317 Ontario (West Ontario Citrus) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 04' 41' 985 1920-21 1946-47 BD DWR 18.39 17.85 1940-41 1932-33 35.29 10.94 4-347 Roche Canyon (Atopa Ranch) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 00' 15' 1,750 1916-17 1946-47 BD DWR 14.79 14.35 1936-37 1917-18 27.78 8.10 4-351 Redlands San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 03' 11' 1,152 1889-90 1946-47 BCD USWB 14.97 14.61 1936-37 1898-99 26.70 6.30 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 213 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-352 Redlands (Anderson) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 03' 11' 1,480 1930-31 1946-47 D DWR 15.83 14.58 1936-37 1933-34 26.60 8.31 4-349 Redlands (Crown Jewel Groves) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 05' 13' 1,225 1929-30 1946-47 D DWR 14.79 13.75 1936-37 1933-34 24.33 8.19 4-340 Rialto San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 07' 22' 1,250 1926-27 1937-38 D DWR 18.59 17.74 1936-37 1932-33 30.53 11.17 4-186 Running Springs San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 12' 07' 6,200 1931-32 1946-47 D DWR 44.54 41.33 1937-38 1933-34 69.28 26.26 4-345 San Bernar- dino San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 18' 1,050 1870-71 1946-47 B USWB 16.97 17.21 1883-84 1898-99 37.51 7.49 4-346 San Bernar- dino (Water Department) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 17' 1,030 1929-30 1946-47 D DWR 15.18 14.11 1940-41 1933-34 29.65 7.98 4-360 Santa Ana Power House No. 1 San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 03' 2,765 1904-05 1946-47 D DWR 27.94 26.49 1915-16 1918-19 44.36 16.86 4-359 Santa Ana River San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 09' 03' 2,850 1904-05 1946-47 BCD USWB 27.77 26.51 1936-37 1918-19 45.50 16.86 4-357 Santa Ana (Edison No. 3) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 06' 2,060 1905-06 1946-47 D DWR 20.55 19.43 1936-37 1912-13 36.33 9.60 4-190 Seven Oaks... San Ber- nardino 34° 116° 01' 55' 5,000 1910-11 1946-47 BC USWB 27.94 26.44 1921-22 1912-13 52.80 13.73 4-185 Squirrel Inn.. San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 15' 5,700 1893-94 1946-47 BCD USWB 41.31 42.19 1915-16 1927-28 77.61 16.39 4-322 Upland (Johnson) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 09' 39' 1,785 1891-92 1946-47 BCD USWB 22.58 22.66 1940-41 1898-99 42.40 8.37 4-321 Upland (Jordan) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 06' 40' 1,230 1930-31 1946-47 D DWR 22.31 20.57 1940-41 1932-33 37.59 13.22 4-326 Upland (Lib- erty Grove) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 38' 1,605 1931-32 1946-47 D DWR 23.21 21.12 1940-41 1941-42 39.77 13.70 4-316 Upland (Ward) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 05' 41' 1,275 1929-30 1940-41 D DWR 20.75 18.37 1940-41 1932-33 35.00 13.24 4-315 Upland (L. Wood) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 08' 41' 1,525 1932-33 1946-47 C LAFC 21.83 20.00 1940-41 1941-42 40.85 12.83 4-362 Yucaipa (Arnett) San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 02' 02' 2,705 1920-21 1946-47 D DWR 19.54 18.66 1936-37 1933-34 35.93 10.79 4-560 Alpine. San Diego.. 32° 116° 50' 46' 1,880 1935-36 1944-45 B USWB 23.30 20.53 1940-41 1935-36 37.19 18.61 4-530 Ainago San Diego.. 33° 116° 17' 52' 2,715 1912-13 1943-44 B USWB 27.16 26.80 1921-22 1933-34 43.53 12.78 4-581 Barrett Dam . San Diego.. 32° 116° 41' 40' 1,750 1895-96 1946-47 BCD USWB 18.35 18.49 1914-15 1933-34 35.63 8.61 4-544 Bernardo Bridge San Diego. . 33° 117° 04' 04' 370 1926-27 1946-47 B City SD 17.19 16.08 1936-37 1933-34 33.86 7.41 4-585 Bonita San Diego.. 32° 117° 38' 02' 110 1899-00 1946-47 BC USWB 11.53 11.27 1940-41 1933-34 25.70 4.04 4-592 Campo San Diego.. 32° 116° 37' 28' 3,000 1877-78 1946-47 BD USWB 19.03 18.30 1921-22 1933-34 33.41 6.49 214 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-518 Carlsbad.. .. San Diego. . 33° 117° 10' 21' 60 1922-23 1946-47 B Private 13.83 13.33 1940-41 1923-24 26.94 4.19 4-558 Chocolate Creek San Diego.. 32° 116° 53' 49' 760 1899-00 1936-37 B LMID 16.71 16.41 1915-16 1933-34 30.58 7.51 4-572 Chollas Heights San Diego.. 32° 117° 49' 04' 370 1914-15 1946-47 B City SD 12.99 12.21 1940-41 1924-25 24.02 7.97 4-584 Chula Vista.. San Diego. . 32° 117° 38' 06' 9 1913-14 1946-47 BCD USWB 11.30 10.70 1940-41 1933-34 25.57 3.08 4-570 Coronado No. 2 San Diego.. 32° 117° 42' 10' 50 1927-28 1946-47 B SDG&E 10.67 9.80 1940-41 1933-34 23.50 4.52 4-564 Cuyamaca San Diego. . 32° 116° 59' 35' 4,677 1887-88 1946-47 BC USWB 39.32 38.96 1926-27 1893-94 66.55 15.05 4-565 Cuyamaca Dam No. 1 San Diego. . 32° 116° 59' 34' 4,677 1887-88 1932-33 B Private 39.80 39.78 1889-90 1893-94 71.21 22.00 4-535 Damrons.- . San Diego. . 33° 116° 13' 45' 2,725 1911-12 1921-22 BC USWB 33.89 32.26 1921-22 1918-19 52.22 23.16 4-516 Deadmans Hole San Diego.. 33° 116° 20' 43' 3,200 1911-12 1923-24 BC USWB 21.71 21.78 1921-22 1912-13 38.93 12.19 4-511 Deluz Canyon San Diego. . 33° 117° 27' 19' 450 1902-03 1946-47 B Private 19.30 18.85 1921-22 1903-04 40.57 8.37 4-563 Descanso (Ranger Station) San Diego. . 32° 116° 51' 37' 3,400 1896-97 1937-38 B USFS 25.24 26.80 1936-37 1898-99 46.07 11.94 4-561 Diverting Dam San Diego.. 32° 116° 58' 44' 840 1899-00 1938-39 c DWR 17.45 17.10 1921-22 1903-04 32.94 7.09 4-588 Dulzura San Diego.. 32° 116° 39' 46' 1,075 1914-15 1925-26 BC USWB 16.16 15.70 1921-22 1920-21 26.24 7.67 4-589 Dulzura (Summit) San Diego.. 32° 116 c 37' 45' 1,400 1917-18 1946-47 B City SD 17.16 18.32 1936-37 1933-34 29.91 6.75 4-577 El Cajon San Diego. . 32° 116° 47' 58' 560 1875-76 1946-47 BC USWB 14.03 13.97 1940-41 1876-77 30.08 3.43 4-578 ElCajonNo.l. San Diego.. 32° 116° 48' 57' 482 1882-83 1946-47 B Private 14.00 12.85 1883-84 1946-47 29.65 6.48 4-579 El Cajon Val- ley San Diego _ . 32° 116° 46' 57' 670 1902-03 1934-35 B LMID 13.18 12.73 1915-16 1903-04 24.74 4.96 4-559 El Capitan Dam San Diego. . 32° 116° 53' 48' 613 1936-37 1946-47 B USWB 19.08 17.42 1940-41 1946-47 33.84 10.52 4-521 "E" Reservoir San Diego.. 33° 117° 13' 12' 752 1924-25 1946-47 B Vista ID 14.88 14.04 1936-37 1933-34 26.47 7.87 4-541 Escondido No. 1 San Diego. . 33° 117° 09' 05' 750 1894-95 1946-47 ABD USWB 17.00 17.00 1936-37 1903-04 32.84 8.15 4-543 Escondido No. 2 San Diego.. 33° 117° 07' 04' 660 1897-98 1946-47 B ELT Co. 17.25 17.25 1921-22 1897-98 31.99 7.51 4-542 Escondido No. 3 San Diego.. 33° 117° 07' 05' 660 1887-88 1896-97 B Private 14.80 14.03 1889-90 1893-94 20.89 5.90 4-529 Escondido Ditch Head San Diego. . 33° 116° 16' 53' 1,986 1896-97 1932-33 B Private 22.50 23.72 1914-15 1898-99 37.30 9.53 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 215 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-528 Escondido Ditch Head No. 3 San Diego.. 33° 116° 16' 54' 1,850 1930-31 1946-47 B EMW Co. 24.50 24.06 1940-41 1946-47 40.29 16.69 4-512 Fallbrook No. 1 San Diego. . 33° 117° 23' 15' 700 1876-77 1946-47 BC FCGA 17.44 17.07 1883-84 1878-79 40.77 7.70 4-513 Fallbrook No. 2 San Diego.. 33° 117° 23' 13' 750 1909-10 1946-47 B Private 20.09 18.95 1936-37 1912-13 36.35 10.69 4-582 Gillette Ranch San Diego.. 32° 116° 49' 38' 3,500 1919-20 1930-31 BC USWB 24.63 23.30 1921-22 1927-28 39.64 16.98 4-571 Grantville San Diego.. 32° 117° 48' 06' 100 1920-21 1937-38 B Private 13.12 12.50 1921-22 1933-34 22.62 5.85 4-576 Grossmont San Diego.. 32° 117° 46' 00' 640 1899-00 1946-47 B LMID 14.70 14.39 1940-41 1903-04 38.80 5.53 4-566 Harpers Ranch San Diego.. 32° 116° 56' 31' 4,800 1915-16 1929-30 B Private 25.85 26.03 1926-27 1927-28 41.98 11.31 4-532 Henshaw Dam San Diego.. 33° 116° 14' 46' 2,700 1911-12 1946-47 B SDCW Co 29.02 29.03 1921-22 1933-34 51.08 10.86 4-540 Hodges Dam . San Diego. . 33° 117° 03' 08' 350 1919-20 1946-47 B City SD 16.40 15.83 1936-37 1933-34 32.92 8.80 4-533 Holdredge Ranch San Diego.. 33° 116° 12' 46' 3,480 1935-36 1946-47 BC LMID 37.52 35.26 1936-37 1946-47 62.16 27.34 4-551 Julian San Diego.. 33° 116° 05' 37' 4,222 1879-80 1946-47 BCD USWB 33.09 31.64 1883-84 1895-96 61.52 17.30 4-552 La Jolla San Diego.. 32° 117° 51' 16' 100 1927-28 1946-47 B SDG&E 11.19 10.28 1940-41 1933-34 21.93 4.66 4-574 La Mesa San Diego.. 32° 117° 48' 02' 539 1927-28 1946-47 BCD USWB 15.24 12.50 1940-41 1946-47 26.96 7.17 4-590 Lauterbach Ranch San Diego.. 32° 116° 37' 41' 1,200 1910-11 1930-31 B Private 17.99 16.95 1915-16 1920-21 33.11 11.20 4-556 Los Coches San Diego. . 32° 116° 50' 54' 710 1901-02 1946-47 B LMID 14.63 14.12 1940-41 1933-34 30.25 5.51 4-580 Los Padres Rancho San Diego.. 32° 116° 47' 53' 490 1901-02 1914-15 B Private 15.87 15.86 1904-05 1912-13 22.43 8.02 4-587 Lower Otay Reservoir San Diego.. 32° 116° 37' 56' 540 1906-07 1946-47 B City SD 12.47 12.03 1940-41 1933-34 24.56 3.63 4-531 Mesa Grande (Angels) San Diego.. 33° 116° 12' 47' 3,450 1912-13 1946-47 BC SDCW Co. 33.03 32.84 1936-37 1933-34 54.50 15.82 4-534 Mesa Grande (Store) San Diego. . 33° 116° 10' 46' 3,350 1905-06 1946-47 BC USWB 32.92 31.50 1915-16 1917-18 48.27 19.47 4-554 Miramar San Diego.. 32° 117° 54' 07' 660 1901-02 1946-47 B Private 14.82 14.39 1940-41 1933-34 29.75 6.31 4-583 Morena Dam. San Diego. . 32° 116° 41' 33' 3,050 1896-97 1946-47 B City SD 22.36 23.22 1915-16 1933-34 39.98 10.01 4-573 Murray Dam . San Diego.. 32° 117° 47' 03' 500 1913-14 1946-47 B LMID 13.11 12.31 1940-41 1933-34 23.25 5.37 4-514 Nellie San Diego.. 33° 116° 20' 53' 5,000 1901-02 1922-23 BC USWB 47.15 46.06 1905-06 1903-04 77.40 24.86 216 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-517 Oceanside No. 1 San Diego.. 33° 117° 12' 23' 30 1892-93 1946-47 B Private 12.10 12.38 1940-41 1903-04 24.95 4.52 4-519 Oceanside No. 4 San Diego. . 33° 117° 12' 20' 280 1892-93 1946-47 BC Oceanside 12.33 12.34 1940-41 1903-04 26.80 4.52 4-568 Pacific Beach San Diego. . 32° 117° 48' 14' 75 1926-27 1946-47 AB Private 11.99 10.85 1940-41 1933-34 23.88 4.02 4-557 Padre Barosa Valley San Diego. . 32° 116° 56' 52' 1,375 1918-19 1928-29 B Private 17.76 18.08 1921-22 1923-24 31.56 11.06 4-567 Point Loma -- San Diego.. 32° 117° 43' 15' 302 1904-05 1941-42 B USWB 11.84 11.18 1940-41 1923-24 24.05 4.64 4-555 Poway.. San Diego. _ 32° 117° 59' 04' 460 1879-80 1908-09 BC USWB 14.11 14.40 1883-84 1898-99 29.45 7.96 4-546 Ramona (Sentinel) San Diego.. 33° 116° 02' 51' 1,440 1912-13 1930-31 BC Private 18.99 19.15 1921-22 1912-13 33.80 8.79 4-547 Ramona (Verdagua) San Diego.. 33° 116° 02' 51' 1,440 1896-97 1915-16 BC USWB 18.04 18.43 1915-16 1898-99 33.18 8.05 4-545 Rockwood Ranch San Diego.. 33° 116° 06' 57' 430 1893-94 1914-15 B Private 13.04 14.40 1914-15 1903-04 24.69 5.32 4-569 San Diego San Diego. . 32° 117° 44' 10' 26 1850-51 1946-47 BCD USWB 10.08 10.36 1883-84 1876-77 25.97 3.75 4-539 San Diegueto Dam San Diego.. 33° 117° 02' 11' 250 1924-25 1946-47 B City SD 14.72 14.13 1936-37 1924-25 27.80 6.54 4-520 San Luis Rey. San Diego.. 33° 117° 15' 19' 60 1901-02 1915-16 BC Private 14.50 13.85 1905-06 1903-04 23.26 6.51 4-548 Santa Ysabel (Ranch) San Diego.. 33° 116° 07' 41' 3,000 1900-01 1915-16 BCD SDCWCo 25.66 24.37 1905-06 1903-04 42.00 11.00 4-549 Santa Ysabel (Store) San Diego. . 33° 116° 06' 41' 2,983 1915-16 1946-47 BC SDCWCo 27.08 27.00 1926-27 1933-34 44.90 14.08 4-553 Scripps Pier ._ San Diego. . 32° 117° 52' 15' 50 1924-25 1946-47 B Private 10.87 9.89 1940-41 1933-34 21.56 3.95 4-575 Sweetwater Dam San Diego.. 32° 117° 42' 01' 310 1888-89 1946-47 B SWCo. 11.44 11.36 1940-41 1933-34 26.51 4.43 4-591 Tecate.. San Diego.. 32° 116° 35' 38' 1,800 1914-15 1930-31 BC City SD 17.36 16.04 1915-16 1917-18 34.47 9.92 4-523 Twin Oaks ... San Diego. . 33° 117° 11' 09' 700 1875-76 1896-97 C Private 15.16 14.77 1883-84 1893-94 32.07 5.96 4-586 Upper Otay Dam San Diego.. 32 c 116° 39' 56' 550 1917-18 1946-47 B City SD 13.50 12.59 1940-41 1933-34 27.05 4.11 4-526 Valley Center No. 1 San Diego.. 33° 117° 12' 01' 1,400 1872-73 1902-03 B USWB 19.28 19.28 1883-84 1899-00 50.51 7.88 4-524 Valley Center No. 2 San Diego.. 33° 117° 13' 02' 1,316 1911-12 1923-24 B Private 18.45 18.60 1921-22 1912-13 32.36 9.98 4-525 Valley Center No. 3 San Diego. . 33° 117° 14' 01' 1,510 1924-25 1940-41 D Private 21.37 19.36 1936-37 1933-34 37.32 9.79 4-522 Vista Irriga- tion Dis- trict San Diego.. 33° 117° 11' 11' 830 1931-32 1944-45 AB Vista ID 15.95 14.64 1936-37 1933-34 25.93 6.13 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 217 TA3LE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-550 Volcan Moun- tain San Diego.. 33° 116° 09' 39' 4,800 1912-13 1923-24 BC USWB 32.61 32.16 1915-16 1923-24 56.51 17.83 4-537 Warner Springs San Diego.. 33° 116° 17' 38' 3,165 1906-07 1946-47 BCD USWB 17.97 17.80 1921-22 1933-34 38.23 7.21 4-536 Warner Sum- mer Road San Diego.. 33° 116° 14' 42' 2,805 1911-12 1921-22 BC USWB 19.92 19.51 1915-16 1912-13 33.00 11.93 4-562 Willows.- San Diego. . 32° 116° 50' 44' 2,300 1914-15 1946-47 B Private 22.02 20.05 1915-16 1946-47 38.58 11.52 4-527 Wohlford Lake San Diego. . 33° 117° 10' 00' 1,500 1926-27 1946-47 B EW Co. 21.37 20.01 1940-41 1933-34 38.07 11.90 4-60 Aggen Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 16' 02' 375 1903-04 1945-46 BC Private 15.24 15.00 1940-41 1923-24 32.48 5.28 4-31 Bardsdale Ventura 34° 118° 22' 57' 400 1932-33 1945-46 B Private 20.32 17.45 1940-41 1932-33 39.58 11.54 4-53 Borgstroms Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 16' 15' 200 1921-22 1946-47 B Private 14.50 14.82 1940-41 1923-24 35.40 6.14 4-192 Broome Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 08' 03' 12 1911-12 1946-47 BC ACS Co . 12.38 11.62 1940-41 1933-34 31.13 7.43 4-39 Camulos Ranch Headquar- ters Ventura 34° 118° 24' 45' 730 1928-29 1946-47 B Private 17.58 14.25 1940-41 1928-29 36.30 10.33 4-22 Canada Larga Ventura 34° 117° 22' 14' 800 1934-35 1945-46 B Private 21.50 17.90 1940-41 1938-39 43.62 14.09 4-16 Casitas Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 22' 20' 400 1924-25 1946-47 BD Private 23.06 23.81 1940-41 1924-25 48.02 12.80 4-65 Conejo Ranch Ventura 34° 118° 11' 52' 650 1913-14 1945-46 BC Private 15.53 15.38 1940-41 1923-24 33.82 7.39 4-54 Del Mar Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 17' 12' 300 1924-25 1945-46 BD Private 15.86 16.82 1940-41 1924-25 41.75 7.92 4-23 Dennisons Ventura 34° 119° 24' 12' 1,250 1883-84 1945-46 BD Private 23.07 21.92 1883-84 1923-24 60.02 7.13 4-63 Epworth Ventura 34° 118° 19' 54' 800 1927-28 1945-46 BD Private 16.28 16.40 1940-41 1932-33 34.36 10.54 4-25 Ferndale.. .. Ventura 34° 119° 26' 05' 1,100 1930-31 1942-43 B Private 25.84 21.41 1940-41 1932-33 44.88 13.47 4-34 Fillmore Ventura 34° 118° 24' 54' 530 1905-06 1945-46 BD Private 19.16 19.28 1940-41 1923-24 39.71 9.68 4-33 Fillmore (Cit- rus Associa- tion) Ventura 34° 118° 24' 55' 500 1925-26 1945-46 B Private 18.62 18.60 1940-41 1929-30 38.68 10.08 4-32 Henleys Ventura 34° 118 c 27' 56' 1,000 1906-07 1920-21 D Private 27.56 24.90 1913-14 1918-19 44.00 15.12 4-19 Kingston Res- ervoir Ventura 34° 119° 21' 17' 215 1934-35 1945-46 B VCWD 19.52 16.20 1940-41 1945-46 38.10 10.07 4-24 Krotona.. Ventura 34° 119° 26' 16' 830 1928-29 1946-47 B Private 20.10 19.97 1940-41 1929-30 1 45.17 11.39 218 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-36 Levens and Goodenough Ranch Ventura 34° 118° 23' 50' 550 1931-32 1945-46 B Private 18.65 17.00 1940-41 1932-33 38.43 12.85 4-58 Limoneira Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 19' 08' 335 1904-05 1946-47 BD Private 17.30 16.66 1940-41 1923-24 38.51 7.13 4-18 Matilija Can- yon Ventura 34° 119° 29' 17' 950 1902-03 1937-38 BCD Private 25.45 24.76 1913-14 1918-19 50.75 6.88 4-6 Mono Ranch . Ventura 34° 119° 33' 14' 3,210 1901-02 1936-37 BC USWB 31.72 29.73 1913-14 1903-04 58.72 14.78 4-64 Moorpark Ventura 34° 118° 17' 53' 500 1916-17 1945-46 BCD Private 13.19 14.12 1940-41 1923-24 30.99 5.55 4-40 Newhall Ranch Ventura 34° 118° 23' 45' 1,054 1912-13 1946-47 B Private 16.68 17.33 1940-41 1923-24 37.12 7.99 4-21 Ojai Ventura 34° 119° 27' 15' 750 1891-92 1946-47 BD Private 20.41 20.75 1940-41 1893-94 45.18 6.96 4-56 Oxnard Ventura 34° 119° 11' 10' 51 1898-99 1946-47 BCD USWB 14.47 14.47 1940-41 1923-24 38.17 5.77 4-29 Pine Tree Ranch Ventura 34° 119° 22' 01' 400 1931-32 1946-47 B Private 19.24 17.33 1940-41 1932-33 38.73 11.13 4-38 Piru (Citrus Association) Ventura 34° 118° 25' 48' 700 1926-27 1946-47 BC Private 18.14 17.93 1940-41 1927-28 38.47 11.08 4-35 Pole Cieek Canyon Ventura 34° 118° 25' 53' 1,600 1888-89 1936-37 B Private 21.00 21.34 1889-90 1897-98 38.88 5.75 4-191 Port Hueneme Lighthouse Ventura 34° 119° 09' 13' 10 1891-92 1946-47 B Private 13.81 13.79 1940-41 1897-98 32.99 3.93 4-37 Proctor & Lu- theridge Ranch Ventura 34° 118° 25' 49' 640 1932-33 1945-46 B Private 19.20 17.35 1940-41 1932-33 37.77 11.09 4-26 Rancho La Cuesta Ventura 34° 119° 25' 05' 900 1930-31 1946-47 B Private 23.11 21.93 1940-41 1932-33 45.44 12.47 4-17 Rancho Matilija Ventura 34° 119° 26' 19' 650 1925-26 1945-46 BD Private 21.95 21.85 1940-41 1929-30 44.51 12.47 4-30 Rancho Sespe. Ventura 34° 118° 23' 58' 430 1906-07 1946-47 BCD Private 19.31 18.67 1940-41 1923-24 38.60 8.80 4-27 Santa Paula „ Ventura 34° 119° 21' 04' 275 1897-98 1946-47 BC BICo. 17.50 17.50 1940-41 1897-98 38.11 5.91 4-28 Santa Paula (County Farm Advisor) Ventura 34° 119° 21' 04' 290 1931-32 1946-47 B CFA 17.40 16.48 1940-41 1932-33 35.54 9.91 4-62 Santa Rosa Valley No. 1 Ventura 34° 118° 14' 57' 275 1929-30 1946-47 BCD Private 13.79 12.47 1940-41 1933-34 29.12 9.81 4-57 Saticoy (Wal- nut Associa- tion) Ventura 34° 119° 17' 09' 150 1924-25 1937-38 B Private 14.37 14.55 1936-37 1927-28 22.98 7.57 4-15 Selby Ranch. Ventura 34° 119° 25' 22' 750 1921-22 1945-46 BD Private 21.64 21.86 1940-41 1924-25 51.20 8.00 4-68 Simi Valley.. . Ventura 34° 118° 16' 40' 1,100 1931-32 1945-46 B Private 20.20 18.52 1940-41 1941-42 40.46 11.80 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 219 TABLE 43— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 4-61 Snyder Ranch Ventura 34° 16' 119° 00' 300 1892-93 1945-46, BCD Private 14.20 14.28 1940-41 1897-98 32.83 4.26 4-59 Springville Ranch Ventura 34° 12' 119° 04' 60 1902-03 1946-47 BC ACS Co. 13.77 13.52 1940-41 1923-24 33.41 5.52 4-66 Tapo Mutual Water Company Ventura 34° 18' 118° 44' 1,080 1923-24 1945-46 BD TMW Co. 15.20 15.02 1940-41 1923-24 34.83 6.45 4-24 Upper Ojai No. 2 Ventura 34° 26' 119° 08' 1,560 1922-23 1945-46 BD Private 22.53 23.41 1940-41 1923-24 50.81 8.11 4-5 Upper Sespe Creek Ventura 34° 36' 119° 19' 4,000 1927-28 1946-47 BCD Private 25.12 25.34 1940-41 1932-33 60.63 13.58 4-52 Ventura Ventura 34° 16' 119° 17' 43 1873-74 1946-47 B USWB 15.58 15.59 1940-41 1876-77 36.71 5.22 4-55 West Saticoy Ventura 34° 17' 119° 10' 200 1893-94 1911-12 B USWB 14.21 14.98 1908-09 1897-98 25.32 5.25 4-67 Wolf Ranch .. Ventura 34° 17' 118° 43' 980 1913-14 1945-46 BCD Private 14.43 13.80 1940-41 1923-24 35.18 5.36 Abbreviation A B ABBREVIATIONS-SOUTH COASTAL AREA TYPE OF RECORD Name Hourly- Daily bbreviation Name C D Monthly Seasonal Abbreviation ACS Co. BBVW Co. BICo. City SD CFA DWR ELT Co. EMW Co. EWCo. FCGA LAFC LHW Co. LMID Oceanside OCFC Pas. WD SCE SDCW Co. SDG&E SPCo. SW Co. TMW Co. USFS USWB Vista ID VCWD SOURCE OF RECORD Name American Crystal Sugar Co. Big- Bear Valley Water Co. Blanchard Investment Co. City of San Diego County Farm Adviser State Division of Water Resources Escondido Land and Town Co. Escondido Mutual Water Co. Escondido Water Co. Fallbrook Citrus Growers Association Los Angeles County Flood Control District Lake Hemet Water Co. La Mesa, Lemongrove, and Spring Valley Irrigation District City of Oceanside Orange County Flood Control District Pasadena Water Department Southern California Edison Co. San Diego County Water Company San Diego Gas and Electric Co. Southern Pacific Co. Sweetwater Water Co. Tapo Mutual Water Co. United States Forest Service United States Weather Bureau Vista Irrigation District Ventura City Water Department 220 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 44 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) Latitude Eleva- Period Source File Station County and tion, of of number longitude feet record record 4-12* Acton (near Mellon) Los Angeles . . _ 34° 118° 30' 16' 3,100 Nov. June L930 L947 LAFCD 4-210* Bel Air Administration Los Angeles 34° 05' 540 Sept. ] L940 USWB Bldg. 118° 27' June L947 4-007 Bell Canyon (Piatt Los Angeles 34° 12' 995 Jan. L946 USED Ranch) 118° 39' June 1947 4-010 Birmingham General Los Angeles 34° 11' 722 Nov. 1945 USED Hospital 118° 30' June 1947 4-012 Burbank Airport. Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 22' 710 Aug. : June L940 L947 USWB 4-71* Chatsworth Reservoir Los Angeles 34° 118° 14' 37' 865 Oct. June L945 L947 USWB 4-027 Diamond Bar Horse Los Angeles 33° 59' 750 Jan. L943 USED Camp 117° 50' May L947 4-044 Hansen Dam. __ _ Los Angeles . - 34° 16' 1,005 Feb. : L943 USED 118° 23' June L947 4-193* Lechuza Patrol Station — Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 53' 1,500 Nov. June L934 L947 LAFCD 4-055 Little Tujunga (Gold Los Angeles 34° 19' 2,700 Jan. 1943 USED Creek) 118° 18' June L947 4-229* Los Angeles Los Angeles 34° 03' 338 Feb. ' 897 USWB 118° 15' June L947 4-075 Magic Mountain Los Angeles 34° 118° 24' 17' 4,450 Mar. . June L947 L947 USED 4-132* Mt. Wilson Airway Los Angeles _. 34° 118° 14' 04' 5,709 Mar. June L932 L947 LAFCD 4-083 Newhall Airport Los Angeles 34° 24' 1,190 Aug. 940 CAA 118° 33' June L947 4-127* Opids Camp. __ Los Angeles 34° 15' 4,350 Oct. : 1940 LAFCD 118° 06' June L947 4-089 Pacific Colony Los Angeles 34° 03' 700 Feb. : L947 LAFCD 117° 49' June L947 4-2* Sandberg . Los Angeles 34° 45' 4,517 Mar. ] L940 USWB 118° 44' June L947 4-165* San Dimas-Tanbark Flat- Los Angeles 34° 117° 12' 46' 2,750 Jan. June '. L929 L947 USFS 4-0108 San Fernando Power- Los Angeles 34° 19' 1,248 Nov. ] L945 USED house No. 3 118° 30' June 1 L947 4-0112 San Gabriel Dam, No. 1 . Los Angeles — 34° 117° 12' 51' 1,470 Nov. ] June L937 L947 LAFCD 4-0116 Santa Fe Dam. Los Angeles. - 34° 07' 427 Nov. ] L945 USED 117° 58' June 1947 4-0117 Santa Susana Mountain. _ Los Angeles 34° 118° 19' 33' 2,367 Sept. 1 June 1940 L947 LAFCD 4-0123 Signal Hill... .. Los Angeles 33° 48' 115 Mar. 1 L937 LAFCD 118° 10' June L947 4-0133 Tujunga Mill Creek- _.. Los Angeles 34° 118° 23' 05' 4,600 Jan. May 1 1943 L947 USED 4-0144 Brea Dam . Orange — 33° 117° 53' 56' 275 Jan. May 1 L943 L947 USED 4-0146 El Modena _. Orange 33° 117° 48' 47' 464 Oct. 1 June .937 .947 USWB 4-0149 Fullerton Dam ... _ _ Orange _ 33° 117° 54' 53' 260 Jan. May ] .943 .947 USED 4-0158 Laguna Beach No. 2 .. Orange 33° 117° 33' 47' 115 June June .940 .947 USWB 4-0161 Orange Co. Reservoir Orange _ . _ . 33° 117° 56' 53' 600 Jan. June .943 .947 USED 4-506* San Juan Capistrano . Orange. __ — 33° 117° 31' 40' 150 Dec. 1 June 939 947 USWB 4-0167 Santiago Dam Orange 33° 47' 1,025 Dec. 1 937 USED 117° 43' June ] 947 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 221 TABLE 44— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) Station Silverado Ranger Station Trabuco Oaks Beaumont (near) Elsinore (near) Hemet Reservoir Idyllwild Prado Dam Riverside (near) San Jacinto No. 2 Winchester Big Bear Lake (near) Cajon (near) Camp Angelus Camp Baldy City Creek (CCC Camp). Devil Canyon Etiwanda (near) Glen Ranch Lytle Creek, Foothil] Blvd. Redlands (near) Running Springs (near)_. Santa Ana No. 3 Upper Lytle Creek Upper Mill Creek Escondido (near) No. 1 _. Fallbrook (near) Henshaw Dam Julian (near) Lake Wohlf ord Lower Otay Reservoir Latitude Eleva- Period Source County and tion, of of longitude feet record record Orange — 33° 45' 1,100 Jan. 1943 USED 117° 40' June 1947 Orange _ 33° 39' 1,050 Oct. 1939 USWB 117° 35' June 1947 Riverside - 33° 56' 2,590 April 1940 USWB 116° 56' June 1947 Riverside _ 33° 38' 1,450 Dec. 1939 USWB 117° 16' June 1947 Riverside - 33° 40' 4,400 Oct. 1939 USWB 116° 41' June 1947 Riverside-. . 33° 45' 5,400 Oct. 1939 USWB 116° 43' June 1940 Riverside 33° 53' 570 Aug. 1940 USED 117° 38' June 1947 Riverside.- 33° 58' 1,050 Oct. 1932 US Cit. 117° 20' June 1947 Ex. Sta. Riverside. 33° 47' 1,550 Dec. 1938 State Div. 116° 58' June 1947 of F'strv. Riverside 33° 42' 1,470 Aug. 1940 USWB 117° 05' Jan. 1947 San Bernardino 34° 14' 6,800 Mar. 1940 USWB 116° 58' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 23' 4,838 Oct. 1939 USWB 117° 35' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 09' 5,800 Oct. 1939 USWB 116° 59' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 14' 4,300 Nov. 1927 LAFCD 117° 39' June 1945 San Bernardino 34° 11' 2,700 Oct. 1939 USWB 117° 11' Jan. 1941 San Bernardino 34° 12' 2,781 Oct. 1940 Cal. F'rst 117° 20' Mar. 1944 &Rng. Ex. Sta. San Bernardino 34° 08' 1,425 Feb. 1943 USWB 117° 31' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 15' 3,248 Dec. 1942 USWB 117° 29' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 07' 1,160 Nov. 1946 USWB 117° 20' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 03' 1,600 Jan. 1940 USWB 117° 10' July 1941 San Bernardino 34° 12' 6,000 Oct. 1939 St. Div. 117° 05' June 1947 of Hwys. San Bernardino 34° 06' 1,980 April 1939 SCE 117° 06' June 1947 San Bernardino 34° 16' 3,800 Oct. 1939 USWB 117° 30' Dec. 1942 San Bernardino 34° 05' 5,700 Oct. 1939 USWB 116° 55' May 1947 San Diego 33° 09' 750 Feb. 1941 USWB 117° 05' June 1947 San Diego 33° 20' 610 Jan. 1940 USWB 117° 15' June 1947 San Diego - 33° 14' 2,700 July 1941 Vista Ir. 116° 46' June 1947 Dist. San Diego 33° 04' 4,000 Mar. 1940 USWB 116° 38' June 1947 San Diego 33° 10' 1,500 Dec. 1944 USWB 117° 00' June 1947 San'Diego 32° 37' 540 Dec. 1941 USWB 116° 56' June 1947 222 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA TABLE 44— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Source of record 4-0318 4-0323 4-0326 4-569* 4-0347 4-0351 4-0360 4-0373 4-0374 4-0382 4-0388 4-090 Morena Dam (near)__ Oceanside (near) Palomar Mt San Diego Vallecito Warner Springs Chuchupate Potrero Seco San Nicolas Is Somis (near) No. 1 Wheeler Springs (near) No. 1 Wheeler Springs (near) No. 3 San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego Ventura ... Ventura.. Ventura. _ Ventura.. Ventura. . Ventura. _ 32° 116° 33° 117° 33° 116° 32° 117° 32° 116° 33° 116° 34° 119° 34° 41' 32' 14' 25' 21' 51' 44' 10' 58' 20' 17' 38' 48' 00' 38' 119° 26' 33° 14' 119° 34° 119° 34° 119° 34° 119° 28' 16' 01' 39' 18' 36' 20' 3,000 18 5,598 26 2,000 3,165 5,250 4,850 135 400 850 4,150 Dec. Jan. Dec. June July June Dec. June Dec. July Feb. June Jan. June Jan. June Sept. June Jan. Dec. Mar. June Sept. June 1938 1940 1941 1947 1938 1947 1896 1947 1942 1945 1941 1947 1941 1947 1946 1947 1940 1947 1940 1943 1940 1947 1941 1947 USWB CAA C*l. Inst. Tech. USWB USWB USWB USFS USED US Navy USWB USWB USWB Abbreviation Cal. Inst. Tech. Cal. F'rst & Rng. Ex. LAFCD State Div. of F'stry St. Div. of Hwys. SCE USED CAA USWB Vista Ir. Dist. SOURCE OF RECORD Name California Institute of Technology California Forest and Ranger Experiment Station Los Angeles County Flood Control District State Division of Forestry State Division of Highways Southern California Edison Company United States Corps of Engineers Civil Aeronautics Administration Airway Communication Station United States Weather Bureau Vista Irrigation District WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 223 TABLE 45 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Latitude Eleva- Period Type File Station County and tion, of of number longitude feet record record 4-001 Alhambra (Southern Pacific Co.) Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 08' 450 1898- 1900 B 4-002 Alosta -._ — _ Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 52' 740 1881-85 B 4-003 Alta Canyada. .. . Los Angeles .. 34° 118° 13' 13' 1,765 1929-34 B 4-004 Arcadia (Southern Pacific Co.) . . Los Angeles .. - 34° 118° 08' 01' 450 1899- 1900 B 4-005 Arroyo Sequis ___ Los Angeles _ . 34° 118° 04' 52' 1,155 1932-39 B 4-006 Baldwin Hills Los Angeles ___ 34° 118° 00' 23' 392 1944 B 4-007 Bell Canyon (Piatt Ranch) Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 39' 995 1946-47 A 4-008 Bell (Calif. Forest & Range Exp. Sta.) Los Angeles 34° 117° 42' 47' 3,600 1933-38 B 4-009 Ben Mar Hills Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 20' 617 1927-30 B 4-010 Birmingham General Hospital _ _ Los Angeles 34° 118° 11' 30' 722 1945-47 B 4-011 Bouquet Canyon Los Angeles 34° 118° 35' 22' 3,000 1930-32 B 4-012 Burbank Airport _ ... Los Angeles 34° 12' 710 1940-47 A 118° 22' 4-013 Cahuenga Park.. Los Angeles _ 34° 09' 785 1927-36 B 118° 28' 4-014 Cal Tech Los Angeles 34° 08' 763 1944 A 118° 08' 4-015 Camp Rincon Los Angeles 34° 14' 1,500 1916-18 B 117° 51' 4-016 Charlton Flats. Los Angeles 34° 18' 5,500 1944 A 118° 00' 4-017 Chatsworth Patrol Station _ .. Los Angeles 34° 118° 17' 36' 1,245 1944 A 4-018 Cherry Summit Los Angeles 34° 118° 36' 24' 2,995 1932-39 B 4-019 Chevy Chase _. . Los Angeles 34° 10' 1,035 1928-30 B 118° 12' 4-020 Chilao _ _ Los Angeles 34° 20' 5 300 1927-29 B 118° 00' 4-021 Clark's H Way House Los Angeles 34° 11' 1,600 1943-45 C 118° 02' 4-022 Colby Ranch No. 2 . Los Angeles 34° 18' 2,950 1928-37 B 118° 07' 4-023 Compton (Southern Pacific Co.). Los Angeles 33° 118° 54' 13' 70 1898- 1900 B 4-024 Covina (H. H. Snodgrass) Los Angeles 34° 117° 05' 53' 545 1934-38 B 4-025 Covina (Southern Pacific Co.) .. Los Angeles 34° 117° 05' 53' 550 1897- 1900 B 4-026 Curson Canyon (Lower Ridge).. Los Angeles 34° 118° 07' 21' 1,044 1928-32 B 4-027 Diamond Bar Horse Camp Los Angeles 33° 117° 59' 50' 750 1943-47 A 4-028 Double Eagle Ranch _ Los Angeles . 34° 36' 3,100 1927-30 B 118° 29' 4-029 Downey (Jordon) . ._ . _ Los Angeles 33° 57' 127 1935-38 B 118° 08' 4-030 Duarte (Southern Pacific Co.) _. Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 58' 550 1898- 1900 B 4-031 East Pine Flat Los Angeles 34° 20' 5,725 1938-39 B 117° 50' 4-032 East Whittier (Menden Hall)... Los Angeles 33° 118° 57' 01' 266 1925-32 B 224 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Latitude Eleva- Period Type File Station County and tion, of of number longitude feet record record 4-033 Elizabeth Lake Canyon _ _ Los Angeles _ 34° 118° 35' 33' 1,125 1931-39 B 4-034 El Monte Fire Station . . Los Angeles .. 34° 118° 05' 02' 301 1944 A 4-035 El Sereno . . _ _ _ . . .. Los Angeles 34° 118° 05' 11' • 553 1944 A 4-036 El Sereno (Morgan) _ . . Los Angeles 34° 05' 500 1934-37 B 118° 11' 4-037 Escondido Patrol Station. . Los Angeles 34° 118° 03' 47' 1,025 1927-29 B 4-038 Fish Canyon __ _ _ . Los Angeles 34° 117° 10' 56' 800 1917-23 B 4-039 Florence. .. . ... Los Angeles 33° 118° 58' 14' 153 1897- 1900 B 4-040 Follows Camp Los Angeles 34° 117° 14' 49' 1,804 1896- 1900 B 4-041 Foresters Sanitarium Los Angeles 34° 20' 1,450 1917-19 B 118° 27' 4-042 Glendora . . . . . . . Los Angeles 34° 117° 08' 52' 740 1896- 1900 1910-13 B 4-043 Granada... Los Angeles 34° 118° 16' 31' 1,130 1929-33 B 4-044 Hansen Dam . .... _ _ Los Angeles .. 34° 118° 16' 23' 1.005 1943-47 A 4-045 Hansen Ranch. . Los Angeles.. . 34° 17' 2,050 1916-24 B 118° 12' 4-046 Hawthorne _ . . Los Angeles 33° 118° 54' 21' 73 1927-32 B 4-047 Henninger Flat (Peavy).. Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 05' 2,600 1905-08 B 4-048 Hollywood City Engineer ._ ._ Los Angeles ._ 34° 118° 06' 19' 385 1928-30 B 4-049 Honor Camp No. 4 . . . Los Angeles 34° 117° 15' 45' 2,000 1944 A 4-050 Hynes-Hayden. . Los Angeles. _ ... 33° 53' 70 1934-38 B 118° 10' 4-051 Lankershim _. Los Angeles .- 34° 118° 10' 23' 625 1898- 1900 B 4-052 LaVerne. . Los Angeles. 34° 117° 06' 46' 1,100 1919-20 B 4-053 Lemon Los Angeles- . . 34° 117° 00' 52' 500 1898- 1900 B 4-054 Littlelands . Los Angeles 34° 118° 16' 17' 2,200 1915-17 B 4-055 Little Tujunga (Gold Creek) Los Angeles. 34° 118° 19' 18' 2,700 1943-47 A 4-056 Live Oak Canyon "B"_ Los Angeles . 34° 117° 08' 45' 1,435 1931-39 B 4-057 Long Beach (7th & Calif. St.) — - Los Angeles 33° 118° 47' 11' 60 1925-29 B 4-058 Long Beach (8th & Cedar) Los Angeles 33° 118° 47' 12' 40 1925-28 B 4-059 Long Beach (37th & Gaita) Los Angeles 33° 118° 49' 11' 70 1932-38 B 4-060 Long Beach (54th & Lime) Los Angeles _- 33° 118° 51' 11' 50 1927-28 B 4-061 Long Beach (South & Lemon) ._ Los Angeles.. - 33° 118° 52' 11' 50 1932-38 B 4-062 Long Beach (Louise & Locust) .. Los Angeles 33° 118° 51' 11' 50 1925-31 B 4-063 Long Beach (60th & Rose) . . _ Los Angeles 34° 118° 21' 03' 50 1931-32 B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 225 TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Type of record Loomis Ranch Los Angeles (Casey) L. A. Flood Control Office No. 2. L. A. Flood Control Office No. 7. Los Angeles Examiner Los Angeles (Morrill) Los Angeles (Southern Pacific Co.) Los Angeles (W. 80th St.) Lower Haines Canyon Mandeville Canyon (San Vin- cente Point) Mandeville Canyon No. 4 Magic Mt May Canyon Mira Monte Pumping Plant. Monroe Monte Montebello (Chamber of Com- merce) Montebello (Cotton) . Montebello (Smith) Newhall Airport North Hollywood Observatory. North Whittier Heights Norwalk O'Melveny Camp Orcut Ranch Pacific Colony , Palmdale (Schoeller) Palmdale (near) Palms Palos Verdes Palos Verdes Golf Club Palos Verdes Ranch Los Angeles. _ Los Angeles- _ Los Angeles -. Los Angeles _- Los Angeles __ Los Angeles. _ Los Angeles-. Los Angeles ._ Los Angeles. _ Los Angeles. _ Los Angeles -- Los Angeles.. Los Angeles.. Los Angeles. - Los Angeles -_ Los Angeles .. Los Angeles -_ Los Angeles .. Los Angeles ._ Los Angeles.. Los Angeles _ Los Angeles. _ Los Angeles. . Los Angeles- _ Los Angeles _- Los Angeles. . Los Angeles-. Los Angeles. . Los Angeles. . Los Angeles _. Los Angeles. . Los Angeles- - 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 21' 03' 04' 18' 03' 16' 03' 15' 02' 15' 02' 118° 22' 34° 03' 118° 14' 33° 58' 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 117° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 18' 17' 15' 08' 31' 06' 30' 24' 17' 19' 26' 10' 03' 42' 48' 04' 02' 01' 07' 00' 06' 01' 118° 07' 34° 24' 118° 34° 118° 34° 117° 33° 118° 34° 117° 34° 118° 34° 117° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 33° 118° 33° 33' 10' 24' 00' 59' 55' 05' 11' 52' 20' 37' 03' 49' 35' 07' 38' 05' 02' 24' 48' 23' 48' 118° 22' 33° 45' 118° 21' 3,550 238 300 300 250 93 334 173 2,520 1,600 1,050 4,450 1,800 985 3,200 300 192 205 192 1,190 630 500 100 1,500 2,300 700 2,648 2,536 92 450 500 300 1938-46 1935-38 1937-38 1932-37 1934-36 1931-33 1878-82 1930-38 1918-21 1928-34 1930-34 1947 1918-26 1943-46 1934-38 1898- 1900 1924-28 1933-37 1928-34 1940-47 1936-38 1934-38 1898- 1900 1918-21 1928-30 1944-47 1932-39 1940-47 1930-34 1926-32 1936-38 1929-31 C B B B B B B B B B B A B C B B B B B A B B B B B A B A B B B B 8—27922 226 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Latitude Eleva- Period Type File Station County and tion, of of number longitude feet record record 4-096 Pinchot__ Los Angeles- .. 34° 118° 38' 27' 4,000 1910-11 B 4-097 Pomona (near) _ Los Angeles 34° 03' 860 1897- B 117° 45' 1902 4-098 Port Los Angeles. Los Angeles - . 33° 47' 25 1898-99 B 118° 14' 4-099 Puente (Southern Pacific Co.) .. Los Angeles. . 34° 117° 01' 57' 323 1898-99 B 4-0100 Ralston's Bouquet Canyon. Los Angeles __. 34° 118° 35' 19' 3,600 1932-39 B 4-0101 Ravenna.- __ _ - Los Angeles 34° 26' 2,260 1897-99 B 118° 13' 4-0102 Red Rock Canyon Trail Los Angeles 34° 118° 06' 37' 1,960 1936-37 B 4-0103 Rialto (near) . _ Los Angeles. 34° 12' 2,250 1906-11 B 117° 26' 1917-18 4-0104 San Antonio Intake_ ._ . Los Angeles.. _. 34° 13' 4,400 1917-21 B 117° 40' 1930-32 4-0105 Sandberg . . Los Angeles 34° 45' 4,517 1940-47 A 118° 44' 4-0106 San Dimas (Southern Pacific Los Angeles 34° 06' 908 1899- B Co.) 117° 49' 1900 4-0107 San Dimas Los Angeles 34° 12' 2,750 1940-45 A 117° 46' f 1944-47 4-0108 San Fernando Power House Los Angeles 34° 19' 1,248 j Broken A No. 3 118° 30' (Record 4-0109 San Fernando Valley Los Angeles 34° 12' 727 1927-31 B 118° 24' 4-0110 San Gabriel (Southern Pacific Los Angeles 34° 06' 452 1897- B Co.) 118° 06' 1900 4-0111 San Gabriel River (North Fork). Los Angeles 34° 117° 15' 51' 1,790 1934-38 B 4-0112 San Gabriel Dam No. 1_. Los Angeles 34° 117° 12' 51' 1,470 1937-39 1940-47 A, B 4-0113 San Gabriel Fish Hatchery Los Angeles 34° 117° 15' 52' 1,600 1932-33 B 4-0114 San Jose Hills Los Angeles 34° 117° 03' 51' 1,052 1928-29 B 4-0115 Santa Anita Fern Lodge . Los Angeles 34° 118° 13' 01' 2,055 1938-39 B 4-0116 Santa Fe Dam . Los Angeles . . 34° 117° 07' 58' 427 1945-47 A 4-0117 Santa Susana Mountain . Los Angeles 34° 118° 19' 33' 2,367 1940-47 A 4-0118 Saugus No. 2__ _ _ Los Angeles 34° 118° 25' 33' 1,200 1914-18 B 4-0119 Saugus (near) ._ _ Los Angeles 34° 118° 24' 33' 1,190 1940-44 A 4-0120 Sepulveda Dam _ Los Angeles 34° 10' 680 1946-47 A 118° 28' 4-0121 Shorb Los Angeles 34° 05' 470 1898-99 B 118° 09' 4-0122 Sierra Alta Ranch Los Angeles 34° 117° 21' 39' 6,400 1917-20 B 4-0123 Signal Hill Los Angeles 33° 48' 115 1940-47 A 118° 10' 4-0124 Spadra .. Los Angeles 34° 117° 03' 49' 705 1897-99 B 4-0125 Sparr Heights Los Angeles 34° 118° 12' 14' 1,015 1929-31 B 4-0126 Spunky Summit . . ___ Los Angeles 34° 37' 3,500 1932-39 B 118° 24' 4-0127 Stanley Miller Mine Los Angeles 34° 117° 17' 45' 2,800 1918-21 1930-31 B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 227 TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Station Tejon Ranger Station Toll House (Mt. Wilson) Topanga Ranger Station Tropico Tujunga Canyon Terrace Tujunga Mill Creek Twin Lakes Park Two Canyon Ranch University (Southern Pacific Co.) Upper East Fork Vaughn Ranch Venice Wabash Whittier News Wilmington ("Southern Pacific Co.) Aliso Canyon Brea Dam Buena Park El Modena El Toro Camp El Toro Cemetery Fullerton Dam Fullerton Evaporation Station _ Fullerton (Hegar) Fullerton (M. C. Royer No. 1). Fullerton (M. C. Royer No. 2). Heil Ave. Evaporation Station. Hole Pumping Station Irvine Ranch (Coast) Irvine Ranch (Tract No. 706). Laguna Beach, No. 2 Lambert County Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange.. Latitude and longitude 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 117° 34° 118° 34° 117° 34° 118° 33° 118° 34° 118° 33° 118° 33° 118° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 118° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 48 52 11 06 05 36 07 16 23 11 23 05 18 37 14 51 01 17 12 44 06 52 59 28 03 12 59 02 46 16 41 37 53 56 52 59 48 47 38 41 39 41 54 53 52 59 54 56 53 55 51 55 43 02 56 55 36 53 39 53 33 47 42 43 Eleva- tion, feet 4,100 1,275 747 428 5,900 4,600 1,550 1,550 200 2,600 1,630 85 325 400 10 1,260 275 100 464 500 500 260 90 300 200 150 25 350 50 100 115 500 Period of record 1927-31 1917-20 1938-39 1897-99 1920-21 1943-47 1932-38 1919-21 1898-99 1934-38 1930-32 1916-18 1937-38 1925-29 1898- 1902 1931-32 1943-47 1898- 1900 1937-47 1936-38 1936-38 1943-47 1934-39 1944 1926-31 1932-38 1931-38 1934-38 1933-37 1929-33 1931-32 1940-47 1928-32 Type of record B B B B B A B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B A C B B B C B B B A B 228 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 45-Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA File number Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record 4-0160 4-0161 4-0162 4-0163 4-0164 4-0165 4-0166 4-0167 4-0168 4-0169 4-0170 4-0171 4-0172 4-0173 4-0174 4-0175 4-0176 4-0177 4-0178 4-0179 4-0180 4-0181 4-0182 4-0183 4-0184 4-0185 4-0186 4-0187 4-0188 4-0189 4-0190 McPherson Orange County Reservoir Ranch House San Juan Capistrano Mission __ Santa Ana Evaporation Station Santa Ana No. 1 Santiago Dam (Irvine Co.) Santiago Dam (U. S. Engineer Department) Silverado Ranger Station Sunny Hills Ranch (Laboratory) Sunny Hills Ranch (Lemon Mesa) Sunny Hills Ranch (Red Tank) Sunny Hills Ranch (Santa Fe) _ . Sunny Hills Ranch (Viejo) Tidewell Oaks Trabuco Cabin Grounds Trabuco Canyon (Refractory Materials Co.) Trabuco Canyon (Soil Conser- vation Service) Trabuco Oaks Trabuco Oaks Tustin (Central Lemon Associ- ation) Tustin (Shaffer) Tustin (Southern Pacific Co.)__ Arlington (American Beet Sugar Co.) Cahuilla Chino (Thomas) Corona (Am. Fruit Growers "E-37") Corona (near) El Casco Elsinore (near) Foothill Lemon Co. No. 4 Orange. _. Orange _ _. Orange _ _. Orange . _ Orange. _. Orange ... Orange.. Orange ... Orange. . Orange. . Orange. . Orange.. Orange. . Orange... Orange... Orange... Orange... Orange.. . Orange. _. Orange.. . Orange. _. Orange. _. Orange... Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 116° 34° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 116° 33° 117° 33° 117° 47' 49' 56' 53' 43' 48' 30' 40' 45' 56' 45' 52' 47' 43' 47' 43' 45' 40' 54' 58' 53' 57' 54' 56' 53' 57' 54' 56' 57' 47' 41' 31' 40' 41' 38' 40' 40' 35' 39' 35' 45' 49' 45' 49' 45' 49' 53' 28' 33' 45' 00' 39' 50' 34' 51' 34' 57' 48' 38' 16' 51' 32' 280 600 125 105 90 133 1,025 1,025 1,100 300 200 300 100 300 1,000 2,000 600 600 1,000 1,050 100 110 100 900 3,800 695 1,200 680 2,700 1,450 900 1898-99 1943-47 1898-99 1930-33 1929-32 1897- 1903 1928-29 1932-38 1937-47 1943-47 1936-38 1936-38 1936-38 1936-38 1936-38 1927-35 1930-32 1934-38 1937-38 193 L38 1939-47 1925-28 1927-32 1898-99 1916-21 1919-20 1929-32 1933-37 1940-41 1898- 1900 1939-47 1932-35 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 229 TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Station Foothill Lemon Co. No. 5 Freydoz No. 1 Freydoz No. 2 Heniet Hemet Reservoir March Field Potrero Canyon Prado Dam Prado (Turner) Rubidoux Laboratory San Jacinto No. 2 San Juan Hot Springs Winchester Alto Loma No. 1 Big Bear Lake (near) Cajon Camp Cajon (near) Cajon Summit Camp Angelus Chino (Delphey No. 2) City Creek (CCC Camp) Cucamonga No. 1 Cucamonga Water Co Del Rosa Del Rosa Heights Devil Canyon Devil Canyon Shaft Devil Canyon Panorama Point. Etiwanda Etiwanda (near) Etiwanda (Moore) Filirea Reservoir Site County Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Latitude and longitude 33° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 117° 33° 116° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 116° 33° 117° 33° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 52' 35' 00' 29' 00' 33' 45' 58' 40' 41' 54' 15' 58' 50' 53' 38' 53' 38' 59' 23' 47' 58' 35' 28' 42' 05' 07' 37' 14' 58' 18' 27' 23' 35' 21' 27' 09' 59' 01' 42' 11' 11' 06' 05' 07' 36' 10' 15' 10' 15' 12' 20' 11' 20' 14' 19' 09' 31' 08' 31' 09' 27' 10' 58' Eleva- tion, feet 700 760 700 1,600 4,400 1,528 2,500 570 550 800 1,550 700 1,470 1,400 6,800 3,000 4,838 4,301 5,800 750 2,700 1,130 1,250 1,435 1,600 2,781 1,530 3,500 1,600 1,425 1,620 4,230 Period of record 1936-37 1929-32 1932-37 1928-30 1939-47 1940-43 1943-47 1920-21 1940-47 1928-34 1934-37 1938-47 1931-34 1940-47 1926-28 1938-47 1934-36 1939-47 1935 1939-47 1936-37 1939-41 1898- 1900 1935-37 1944 1928-31 1940-44 1927-30 1934-37 1893-96 1943-47 1927-32 1895- 1902 Type of record B B B B A A, B B A B B A B A B A B A B A B A B B A D A B B B A B B 230 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA File number 4-0223 4-0224 4-0225 4-0226 4-0227 4-0228 4-0229 4-0230 4-0231 4-0232 4-0233 4 0234 4 0235 4-0236 4-0237 4-0238 4-0239 4-0240 4-0241 4-0242 4-0243 4-0244 4-0245 4-0246 4-0247 4-0248 4-0249 4-0250 4-0251 4-0252 4-0253 4-0254 Station Foothill Irrigation Co Forest Home Lodge Fredalba Green Valley Toll House Glen Ranch Glen Ranch Heaps Peak Hunsaker Flat Huston Flat Ruffles Lower Lytle Creek Lytle Creek (Foothill Blvd.) Mill Creek A Mill Creek Ranger Station __ Muscoy Ranch No. 1 Muscoy Ranch No. 2 Muscoy Ranch No. 3 Muscoy Ranch No. 4 Muscoy Ranch No. 5 Muscoy Ranch No. 6 Muscoy Ranch Road Camp. Muscoy Ranch Ross Place.. Ontario (Taylor No. 2) Padre Vineyard Co Pine Knot Ranger Station Redlands (near) Running Springs (near) Running Springs No. 1 San Bernardino (near) San Bernardino No. 2 Santa Ana No. 3 County San Bernardino . San Bernardino . San Bernardino . San Bernardino San Bernardino . San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Latitude and longitude 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 09' 34' 05' 56' 12' 08' 15' 04' 16' 29' 15' 29' 14' 08' 12' 07' 14' 17' 14' 11' 11' 27' 07' 20' 05' 54' 06' 01' 08' 20' 10' 20' 12' 22' 14' 21' 14' 26' 15' 28' 15' 27' 13' 23' 03' 39' 09' 35' 14' 55' 10' 15' 03' 10' 12' 05' 12' 08' 08' 17' 06' 18' 06' 06' Eleva- tion, feet 1,600 5,200 5,500 6,970 4,000 3,248 6,200 6,200 4,500 5,520 2,200 1,160 5,000 3,400 1,250 1,500 1,800 2,300 2,300 2,300 2,300 1,950 1,025 2,000 6,900 1,600 1,600 6,000 6,230 1,172 1,050 1,980 Period of record 1931-35 1931-34 1909-12 1919-20 1893-95 1909-16 1942-47 1894-96 1894-95 1894-96 1893-96 1940-41 1946-47 1931-35 1925-32 1936-37 1929-30 1928-37 1928-32 1929-30 1930-32 1929-30 1930-32 1930-32 1929-30 1934-37 1930-31 1935-37 1940-41 1939-47 1931-37 1932-39 1930-32 1939-47 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 231 TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Type of record Seeley Flat Shattuck's Mill Snow Crest Camp Summit (Daly) Talmadge Tres Hermanos No. 3__ Tunnel No. 2 Tunnel C Upland No. 1 Upland No. 2 Upland No. 3 Upper Lytle Creek Upper Mill Creek Upper Toll Gate Allen Ranch Alpine Heights Barrett Post Office Bonita No. 2 Buckman Springs Campbells Ranch Camp Denny Campo Pachard Campo No. 2 Campo No. 3 Carroll Dam Site Casebere Ranch Chihuahua Mt Chula Vista (Carpenter) Coronado No. 1 Cuyamaca (East) Cuyamaca No. 2 San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 33° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 117° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 33° 117° 32° 116° 33° 116° 32° 117° 32° 117° 33° 116° 32° 116° 15' 19' 15' 20' 16' 38' 14' 13' 15' 12' 58' 48' 16' 14' 17' 13' 06' 39' 06' 39' 09' 39' 16' 30' 05' 55' 14' 17' 47' 53' 49' 45' 37' 42' 39' 02' 46' 30' 37' 28' 48' 45' 37' 28' 37' 30' 36' 28' 04' 07' 44' 30' 21' 39' 39' 05' 41' 11' 00' 34' 59' 34' 4,400 4,700 6,500 5,700 5,100 800 4,890 4,940 1,750 1,220 1,750 3,800 5,700 4,980 500 20 875 100 3,400 2,575 1,450 2,700 3,000 3,000 250 3,100 4,200 75 20 4,600 4,600 1918-19 1904-05 1931-32 1942-43 1894-96 1894- 1900 1943-44 1893-96 1895-96 1905-07 1910-11 1925-28 1926-28 1939-42 1939-47 1894-96 1901-09 1915-17 1914-18 1913-21 1912-16 1914-22 1929-33 1913-14 1926-34 1934-39 1914-17 1915-17 1912-16 1913-22 1897-99 1913-19 1909-10 B B C B B A B B B B B A A B C B C B, C B C B B, C B B B B B, C C B B, C B 232 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA File number 4-0286 4-0287 4-0288 4-0289 4-0290 4-0291 4-0292 4-0293 4-0294 4-0295 4-0296 4-0297 4-0298 4-0299 4-0300 4-0301 4-0302 4-0303 4-0304 4-0305 4-0306 4-0307 4-0308 4-0309 4-0310 4-0311 4-0312 4-0313 4-0314 4-0315 4-0316 Station Dehesa Descanso Valley Dewey Eagle's Nest ElCajon No. 2 ElCajon No. 3 Escondido (near) No. 1. Escondido No. 4 Fallbrook (near) Grigby 's Ranch Harvey Ranch Hauser Creek Hook's Ranch Hot Springs Mt Hurlburds Ranch Jamul Ranch Julian (near) Kelly Ranch Kitchen Valley Lakeside La Mesa No. 1 La Mesa No. 2 La Mesa No. 3 La Posta La Presa Lockwood Mesa Loveland Dam Lyon Peak Marron Valley Matagual Mendenhall Valley County San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San Diego _ Diego - Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego _ Diego - Diego - Diego . Diego _ Diego - Diego . Diego _ Diego - Diego _ Diego - Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego - Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego . Diego . Latitude and longitude 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 33° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 32° 116° 33° 116° 33° 117° 32° 116° 32° 117° 32° 117° 32° 117° 32° 117° 32° 116° 32° 117° 32° 117° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 47' 51' 51' 37' 38' 28' 17' 36' 48' 58' 47' 57' 09' 05' 07' 05' 20' 15' 37' 29' 38' 55' 40' 34' 45' 30' 19' 35' 53' 38' 41' 51' 04' 38' 09' 17' 49' 27' 51' 55' 46' 01' 46' 01' 46' 01' 43' 26' 42' 00' 59' 15' 47' 48' 42' 46' 34' 47' 12' 40' 20' 51' Eleva- tion, feet 580 3,500 2,700 4,500 400 560 750 650 610 2,690 600 2,000 3,200 6,400 3,500 800 4,000 50 5,250 500 550 550 560 3,300 300 200 1,400 3,755 550 3,200 4,500 Period of record 1913-16 1913-16 1898- 1900 1912-16 1926-34 1914-17 1941-47 1927-34 1938-47 1913-22 1918-21 1915-23 1914-22 1913-15 1889-96 1911-17 1940-47 1938-39 1914-15 1909-15 1898- 1900 1926-34 1936-39 1915-21 1914-17 1929-33 1943-47 1914-17 1914-22 1912-15 1912-16 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 233 TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Type of record Monkey Hill Morena Dam (near) Mt. Palomar Observatory Nobles Mine Oak Grove Oceanside Airport Oceanside Cnear) Oceanside No. 3 Otay Palomar Mt Pamo Pine Hills Hotel PineMt Pine Valley Pueblo Farm Puerta La Cruz Ramona (Green) Ramona No. 3 Ramona No. 4 Rancho Remolino Rancho Santa Fe_ Rincon of Warner Ranch Rose Glen Santa Fe Ranch Santa Maria Dam Site Santa Ysabel-Warner Divide Schilling Skye Valley Tecarte Dam Telegraph Canyon. Vallecito San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San San Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. Diego. 33° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 14' 44' 41' 32' 21' 51' 52' 30' 33° 24' 116° 48' 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 32° 110° 32° 117° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 117° 33° 117° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 117° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 32° 116° 32° 116° 32° 117° 32° 116° 14' 25' 14' 25' 12' 23' 05' 05' 21' 51' 08' 51' 03' 38' 12' 53' 51' 33' 52' 15' 17' 43' 02' 53' 03' 52' 03' 52' 00' 50' 01' 12' 18' 45' 05' 48' 00' 13' 03' 57' 10' 41' 00' 36' 43' 38' 34' 45' 38' 03' 58' 20' 2,700 3,000 5,600 4,200 2,751 18 18 60 90 5,598 1,050 4,100 2,500 4,000 100 2,772 1,440 1,450 1,450 1,500 250 3,500 2,300 60 1,400 3,200 5,000 2,700 900 150 2,000 1912-17 1938-47 1938-39 1913-15 1917-18 1909-22 broken 1942-47 1941-47 1927-34 1909-15 1938-47 1911-13 1913-16 1910-12 1899-04 1914-15 1912-18 1927-33 1940-42 1942-45 1943-45 1932-34 1913-16 1912-16 1912-15 1914-16 1913-16 1912-19 1912-20 1896-99 1919-21 1942-45 B A B C B, C A A B C A C B C B C B B C C C B B B C B B B B, C B B A 234 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA File number 4-0348 4-0349 4-0350 4-0351 4-0352 4-0353 4-0354 4-0355 4-0356 4-0357 4-0358 4-0359 4-0360 4-0361 4-0362 4-0363 4-0364 4-0365 4-0366 4-0367 4-0368 4-0369 4-0370 4-0371 4-0372 4-0373 4-0374 4-0375 4-0376 4-0377 4-0378 Station Vallecito f near) Viejas Vista Warner Ranch House Warner Springs Winetka Valley Witch Creek Bagnall Ranch Brea Canyon Buck Creek Dam Site Buena Ventura Springs Camulos Ranch Hill No. 5_ Castaic Chuchupate Conejo Ranch No. 2 East Santa Susana Edwards Ranch Hopper Mt Hueneme Lake Sherwood Los Posas Tract No. 59 Montalvo Mt. Frazier Mutah Flat Newhall Ranch (McGuire) . Nordhoff Potrero Seco San Nicolas Island. Santa Ana Valley Santa Rosa Valley No. 2__ Santa Susana School House Saticoy (Edwards) County San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego Ventura. . Ventura.. Ventura. . Ventura. . Ventura.. Ventura. _ Ventura. _ Ventura.. Ventura _ Ventura. . Ventura . Ventura.. Ventura. . Ventura. . Ventura. _ Ventura _ Ventura. . Ventura. _ Ventura. . Ventura. . Ventura. . Ventura. _ Ventura. _ Ventura ... Ventura. . Latitude and longitude 32° 116° 32° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 32° 116° 33° 116° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 119° 33° 119° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 119° 58' 25' 52' 42' 14' 40' 17' 38' 39' 44' 05' 43' 22' 04' 18' 47' 41' 51' 29' 20' 25' 46' 30' 37' 48' 00' 12' 51' 15' 39' 25' 49' 24' 52' 10' 12' 09' 51' 18' 00' 15' 12' 47' 58' 38' 03' 23' 45' 27' 15' 38' 26' 14' 28' 25' 21' 15' 54' 16' 43' 18' 08' Eleva- tion, feet 1,700 2,400 300 3,165 2,500 2,800 400 1,000 2,900 1,100 1,000 1,150 5,250 800 1,200 650 4,000 25 900 900 100 8,000 4,800 1,500 750 4,850 135 700 200 960 150 Period of record 1941-42 1926-28 1912-16 1941-47 1914-19 1909-16 1931-32 1932-38 1932-35 1929-34 1928-32 1932-37 1941-47 1930-36 1932-38 1928-32 1931-34 1896-99 1913-16 1931-32 1897-98 1897-99 1893- 1902 1927-28 1897-99 1904-06 1946-47 1940-46 1926-31 1930-33 1943-46 1928-32 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 235 TABLE 45— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA File number Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Type of record 4-0379 4-0380 4-0381 4-0382 4-0383 4-0384 4-0385 4-0386 4-0387 4-0388 4-0389 4-0390 Slaybacks Ranch Sneddens Ranch Somis (Beryl wood Investment Co.) Somis (near) No. 1 So. Mountain Santa Paula Tapo Citrus Association The Pines Torrey Lease Ventura County Water District No. 1 Wheeler Springs (near) No. 1__ Wheeler Springs (near) No. 2__ Wheeler Springs (near) No. 3__, Ventura- Ventura _ Ventura_ Ventura. Ventura. Ventura. Ventura- Ventura - Ventura- Ventura _ Ventura. Ventura. 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 119° 34° 119° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 119° 34° 119° 34° 119° 31' 46' 44' 03' 16' 00' 16' 01' 21' 02' 17' 43' 28' 10' 22' 47' 18' 53' 39' 18' 37' 22' 36' 20' 1,400 4,900 300 400 700 1,020 3,000 1,900 720 850 4,160 4,150 1931-32 1897-99 1929-32 1940-43 1931-33 1938-45 1928-32 1931-37 1943-46 1940-47 1940-41 1941-47 C B B A B B B B B A A A TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A Hourly B Daily C Monthly D Seasonal 236 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA o u ui O. ui X K- o z o < UI 5 < UI Q. < u O Sx 3 O 5 z "> «> UI 2 Q " < 1 S i 5 i- - 3". |S 18 ui Z * 2 £ < u ui « a Z o UI o < as ui > < s += _- 2 o3 C3.2 {a-* CQ M e a s c3 3 >>CO d ® 03 o i — c S © gg >>.2 »s^ ^| 03 d tag +» .. dec 2 5 ® .2o^ o3 ^2 5 ^ £^ ON /S c3 )*t*< PQ fi JD G o •a a .2 d £a o3 d si d > o .2 d S2 'Si sa si cd d J> o 1 1 o3 d S2 si Oi »0 CM »0 o Oi o t^ "* o Oi o O iO o o CO CM t-4 CM © o o o o o o o o o o o o o CM o o o o o o o o iO 00 CM CM Tt< IO o CM »o CO CO CM Oi CO o CM CM o oo CM oo o CM CO 05 00 iO CM CO CO CM o o o o o o o o o o o o CM o o o o o o o o o CM co d CO CO Oi co o 00 o CO CO CO co co •o iO CO CO »0 co co CM 1> o d CO o CM o CO »o o Oi CO Oi CM co iO co o CO co CM CM CO CM -+3 d d -O a -1-3 © CD O -t-3 o a o CD a CD O CD Q o3 d d 03 *-9 o3 d h CD ^3 o 03 O O 00 CO CO O O O O CO rd 9 & CO CM O o CM o CO i-H Oi o o o Oi CO CO i-H o < H O H O w < w WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 237 TABLE 47 ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL PRECIPITATION ON VALLEY AND MESA LANDS 1897-98 TO 1946-47 SOUTH COASTAL AREA Stream or stream group basin Ventura River Basin Above gage near Ventura (Casitas Bridge) Remainder of Ventura River — Santa Clara River Basin Above river crossing of Ventura-Los Angeles County line Piru Creek above gage near Piru Remainder of Santa Clara River (below gages on Sespe and Santa Paula Creeks) Calleguas and Conejo Creek Group San Fernando Valley Group San Fernando Vally Area Verdugo Basin San Gabriel Valley Group Raymond Basin Area Glendora Basin Way Hill Basin San Dimas Basin Foothill Basin Puente Basin Spadra Basin Central San Gabriel Area Coastal Plain Group West Coastal Plain Lower Los Angeles and San Gabriel Rivers Non-pressure area Pressure area La Habra Basin Santa Ana River Basin Upper Santa Ana Valley San Timoteo Group Bunker Hill Group Riverside Group Chino Group San Jacinto River Group San Jacinto Basin Elsinore Basin Lower Santa Ana Valley Santa Ana Forebay Area Santa Ana Pressure Area San Juan Creek Group Aliso Creek above gage at El Toro Remainder of San Juan Group (below gages on Trabuco Creek and San Juan Creek) Arroyo San Onofre Group Santa Margarita River Basin Temecula Creek above gage at Nigger Canyon Murrieta Creek above gage at Temecula Remainder of Santa Margarita River above gage at Railroad Canyon From gage near Deluz to gage at Ysidora Precipitation in acre-feet 29,300 6,300 32,000 2,700 97,000 134,000 172,000 8,400 45,100 6,100 2,900 8,000 2,200 19,500 6,500 122,000 106,000 97,300 127,000 32,600 97,800 114,000 83,600 268,000 170,000 18,800 121,000 113.000 800 8,200 13,400 37,500 76,800 10,000 10,400 238 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 47— Continued ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL PRECIPITATION ON VALLEY AND MESA LANDS 1897-98 TO 1946-47 SOUTH COASTAL AREA Number on Plate 2 Stream or stream group basin Precipitation in acre-feet 15-1 15-3a 15-3b 16 17-3a 17-3b 17-3e 18 19-la 19-3a 19-3b 19-4c 20 23-1 23-2c 23-2d 23-3b San Luis Rey River Basin Above Henshaw Dam From gage near Bonsall to gage near Oceanside From gage near Oceanside to gage at Oceanside San Marcos Creek Group San Dieguito River Basin From gage at Pamo to gage near Escondido Santa Maria Creek above gage near Ramona From gage at Bernardo to Hodges Dam Los Penasquitos Creek Group San Diego River Basin Boulder Creek at Cuyamaca Dam From El Capitan Dam to gage at Lakeside Remainder of San Diego River above Old Mission Dam (below gage on San Vicente Creek) Remainder of San Diego River above gage at Old Town (San Diego) (be- low Loop Dam, and below Murray Dam on Alvarado Creek) San Diego Bay Group Tia Juana River Basin Cottonwood Creek above Morena Dam (California) Rio Del Tecate (including Campo Creek) in California Remainder of Cottonwood Creek above Marron Dam Site No. 1 (below Barrett Dam) (California) Remainder of Tia Juana River above gage near Nestor (below Rodriguez Dam) In California TOTAL— SOUTH COASTAL AREA 50,400 9,700 1,300 35,800 1,800 24,000 5,100 27,700 8,500 1,700 19,400 5,700 36,400 18,400 9,100 5,100 8,300 2,468,600 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 239 PLATE 17 20 10 1883-1884 TOTAL 38.18 INCHES i l — ■ m Jft 20 10 W o bl I u z MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1883-1884 TOTAL 37.51 INCHES B 11 ■pwi ii ii in* NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON! 1916-1917 TOTAL 13.28 INCHES ■ ■ JL ■ 20 10 1946-1947 TOTAL 1702 INCHES MINIMUM SEASON! 1898-1899 TOTAL 5 59 INCHES 10 m > -l 3 o 3 < t- a. u H 8 > O z V w o z < at u. 5 2 a. < > < 2 u z 3 LOS ANGELES 20 1898-1899 TOTAL 7 49 INCHES 10 5 3 -> < a. UJ ■n 1- o o > o z o UI o z < -> IS UJ u. or < 2 < 2 3 -> SAN BERNARDINO 20 z ,0 2 o h < H 20 a U io u a: „ 1926-1927 TOTAL i i 66 55 IN. ■ i i i i ■ ■ni m ii innn MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1883-1884 TOTAL 25 97 INCHES ■ 1 1 ■J m NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1892-1693 TOTAL 39 21 INCHES aas 20 10 1875-1876 TOTAL 10. II INCHES MINIMUM SEASON 20 1893-1894 TOTAL 13 03 INCHES 10 > -1 3 -1 3 •< UJ <0 1- o O > O z o UJ a z < -> ffi UI u. DC < 2 a. a. < 2 UI Z 3 -> CUYAMACA 1876-1877 TOTAL 3 75 INCHES 10 5 3 -> 3 < t- a UI u o > O z u ui a z < CD 1 K S3 u. J 2 K < 2 2 3 SAN DIEGO -<•»- DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS SOUTH COASTAL AREA 240 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RUNOFF Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff of the South Coastal Area for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is 1,227,000 acre-feet, or 1.7 percent of surface runoff of the State. The minimum seasonal runoff of 120,000 acre-feet occurred in 1898-99, and the maximum, totaling 4,480,000 acre-feet in 1915-16. The 10-year period from 1895-96 to 1904-05 was the driest of record in the Area. Runoff during each season of this period, except 1904-05, was less than the 53-year mean, and the average was only 43.2 percent of this long-time mean. Runoff from the South Coastal Area is derived largely from rainfall and is usually erratic. All streams are practically dry in summer, except in those reaches where rising water occurs. Seasonal runoff has varied from less than 10 percent to over 365 percent of the long-time mean. Long periods in which seasonal runoff will average above the long-time mean may be followed by similar periods in which it is below average. Some- times there are shorter series of extremely dry years. Approximately 70 percent of total seasonal runoff occurs during the four months from January to April, inclusive. Runoff varies from approximately 2 percent of the seasonal total during each of the months from August to November, to about 25 percent in the maximum month, usually in the spring. Oldest runoff records for the Area are computed inflows into Cuya- maca and Sweetwater reservoirs in San Diego County, both of which were begun by local companies in the season of 1887-88. Monthly estimates of inflow for the entire period of record are available for Sweetwater Reser- voir, and for Cuyamaca Reservoir since the season of 1892-93. The next oldest runoff record in San Diego County is for San Diego River at the diverting dam upstream from El Capitan Reservoir. Estimates of waste over this dam, and of amounts diverted in the Cuyamaca Flume were begun in January, 1899. Runoff measurements were made by the Geological Survey on Santa Ana River and canals near Mentone from July, 1896, to December, 1898, and the record there is unbroken since January, 1902. A record of runoff of San Gabriel River near Azusa was maintained by the same agency inter- mittently from May, 1894, to September, 1895, after which the record is unbroken. Runoff records are available for 142 stream gaging stations in the South Coastal Area. For 94 of these stations the records cover 10 or more years, although there are some lapses in some of the records. At some sta- tions the records are for only one year. Table 48 lists gaging stations and gives average seasonal runoff for the period of record, and maximun and minimum measured seasonal runoff at most stations for which records are for 10 years or longer, as well as at several stations with shorter records. Gaging stations listed in the following tabulation are of most value in estimating the available water supply of the area. These stations are on the larger streams at or near the points where foothills meet the valley floor, or near the point of discharge to the ocean. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 241 Drainage area Stream gaging station in square miles Ventura River near Ventura 187 Santa Clara River and tributaries 749 Los Angeles River and tributaries 224 San Gabriel River and tributaries 253 Santa Ana River and tributaries 548 San Jacinto River near San Jacinto 142 San Juan Creek Group 155 Santa Margarita River at Railroad Canyon 593 San Luis Rey River at Oceanside 565 San Dieguito River at Lake Hodges 303 San Diego River in Mission Gorge 376 Sweetwater River at Sweetwater Dam 181 Otay River at Savage Dam 99 Tia Juana River near Nestor (in United States) 448 TOTAL 4,823 Certain mean seasonal runoff figures determined in the current inves- tigation for streams in the South Coastal Area differ slightly from corre- sponding runoff figures published in Division of Water Resources Bulletin No. 53, "South Coastal Basin Investigation — Overdraft on Ground Water Basins," published in 1947. In the previous investigation, mean seasonal runoff over the entire long-time period was directly estimated for the concerned stations, while in the current investigation runoff was estimated for each season of the long-time period and the mean then taken. Estimated long-time mean seasonal natural runoff from the Area for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is given in Table 49. For those stations for which complete or partial records are available, the mean runoff shown is the mean of estimated seasonal natural flow for the 53-year period. For basins for which records are not available, directly derived estimates of long-time mean runoff are given. Estimates of sea- sonal natural runoff from main stream and tributary basins, presented in Table 50, were made in accordance with principles outlined in Chapter III, for all drainage basins where records of sufficient length were avail- able to make acceptable correlations. In estimating flow of Santa Clara River at the Ventura-Los Angeles County line, of Malibu Creek at Crater Camp, and of Coyote Creek near Artesia, precipitation records were used in the correlations, since that procedure appeared to give the most reliable results. The record of Sespe Creek, tributary of Santa Clara River, was extended by a weighted corre- lation between measured discharges of Santa Ynez and San Gabriel Rivers, and precipitation records in the vicinity of the Santa Clara River watershed. Estimates of runoff from drainage basins for which runoff records were not available were made in Ventura, Los Angeles, and Orange counties by means of an average precipitation-runoff curve devel- oped for such areas, and in San Diego County by means of the empiri- cal formula described in Chapter III. Estimated mean seasonal runoff from unmeasured drainage basins in the Area was 249,000 acre-feet, and that based on records was 978,000 acre-feet. 242 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA An indication of variation in monthly flow to be expected of a typical stream in the South Coastal Area is shown in the following tabulation : AVERAGE MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE SEASONAL RUNOFF, SAN GABRIEL RIVER NEAR AZUSA (Drainage Area— 211 Square Miles) Month Percent of seasonal average Acre-feet October November. December, January _ _ February _ . March April May June July August September Totals 100.0 2,100 2,900 7,800 14,400 21,000 31,000 17,300 10,200 5,700 120,200 WATER RESOURCES OE CALIFORNIA 243 oo oa < «A z 1- < ^ «A tt Ik Ik u. z 3 < « 111 a _t < < ?• -t < IA ■ UJ o o < *■ q; u. 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Ventura River Basin Above gage near Ventura Remainder of Ventura River. Ventura River at mouth Santa Clara River Basin Above Ventura County boundary Piru Creek above gage near Piru Sespe Creek above gage near Sespe Santa Paula Creek above gage near Santa Paula Remainder of Santa Clara River Santa Clara River at mouth Calleguas and Conejo Creek Group . Malibu Creek Group Malibu Creek above gage at Crater Camp Topanga Creek above mouth of Topanga Creek. Ballona Creek above gage at Sawtelle Boulevard. Remainder of Malibu Creek Group West Coastal Plain Group. Los Angeles River Basin Pacoima Creek above gage near San Fernando Little Tujunga Creek above gage near San Fernando Tujunga Creek above gage near Sunland Verdugo Channel above gage at Estelle Avenue Minor streams above valley floor Above gage above Arroyo Seco Flint Wash above gage at Berkshire Avenue Arroyo Seco above gage near Pasadena Eaton Creek above gage near Pasadena Little Santa Anita Creek above gage near Sierra Madre Santa Anita Creek above gage near Sierra Madre Sawpit Creek above gage near Monrovia Remainder of San Gabriel Mountains drainage Remainder of Los Angeles River Basin above con- fluence of Los Angeles River and Rio Hondo Above confluence of Los Angeles River and Rio Hondo Remainder of Los Angeles River Los Angeles River at mouth San Gabriel River Basin Above gage near Azusa Fish Creek above gage near Durate Rogers Creek above gage near Azusa Little Dalton Creek above gage near Glendora _ _ Dalton Creek above gage near Glendora San Dimas Creek above gage near San Dimas — San Jose Creek above gage near Whittier Remainder of San Gabriel River above Whittier Narrows Above Whittier Narrows Coyote Creek above gage near Artesia Remainder of San Gabriel River San Gabriel River at mouth Sub-basin or main tributary 62,100 5,700 27,700 53,700 93,900 16,700 24,400 12,000 3,300 3,600 14,700 8,000 1,970 24,000 2,200 13,430 690 7,290 3,290 740 4,920 2,090 3,660 3,020 700 122,000 3,410 2,460 730 1,300 3,870 6,460 2,070 5,660 200 Subtotals 49,600 75,300 142,300 Total for basin or group 8,200 67,800 216,400 15,200 33,600 2,000 76,000 148,160 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 255 TABLE 49— Continued ISTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, INCLUDING WNOFF OF STREAMS FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO RECORDS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Basin, sub-basin, or stream group Anaheim Creek Group. Santa Ana River Basin Above gage near Mentone San Antonio Creek qbove gage near Claremont Cucamonga Creek above gage near Upland Day Creek above gage near Etiwanda Lytle Creek above gage near Fontana Lone Pine Creek above gage near Keenbrook „ Cajon Creek above gage near Keenbrook Devil Canyon Creek above gage near San Bernardino. Waterman Creek above gage near Arrowhead Springs. Strawberry Creek above gage near Arrowhead Springs City Creek above gage near Highland Plunge Creek above gage near East Highland Mill Creek above gage near Craftonville San Timoteo Creek above gage near Redlands San Jacinto River above gage near San Jacinto Remainder of San Jacinto River above Lake Elsinore outlet Above Lake Elsinore outlet Remainder of Santa Ana River above Prado Dam Above Prado Dam Santiago Creek above gage near Villa Park Remainder of Santa Ana River Santa Ana River at mouth Newport Bay Group. San Juan Creek Group Aliso Creek above gage at El Toro Trabuco Creek above gage near San Juan Capistrano San Juan Creek above gage near San Juan Capistrano Remainder of San Juan Creek Group Arroyo San Onofre Group. Santa Margarita River Basin Temecula Creek above gage at Nigger Canyon Murrieta Creek above gage at Temecula ■Remainder of Santa Margarita River above gage at Railroad Canyon Above gage at Railroad Canyon From gage at Railroad Canyon to gage near Fallbrook Above gage near Fallbrook From gage near Fallbrook to gage at Ysidora Santa Margarita River at mouth San Luis Rey River Basin Above Henshaw Dam From Henshaw Dam to gage near Bonsall Above gage near Bonsall From gage near Bonsall to gage at Oceanside. San Luis Rey River at mouth San Marcos Creek Group. San Dieguito River Basin Above Hodges Dam From Hodges Dam to gage near Del Mar. San Dieguito River at mouth Sub-basin or main tributary 70,600 17,500 6,190 4,440 34,200 1,150 7,260 2,390 2,100 4,060 9,000 6,620 30,100 1,490 28,900 21,300 59,000 12,000 3,700 500 3,300 8,700 3,900 11,800 8,670 2,830 4,700 9,100 29,900 28,900 3,400 40,000 5,000 Subtotals Total for basin or group 1,800 197,100 50,200 306,300 322,000 4,300 16,400 22,500 23,300 28,000 37,100 58,800 62,200 12,500 45,000 256 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 49— Continued ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, INCLUDING RUNOFF OF STREAMS FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO RECORDS, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Number on Plate 2 Basin, sub-basin, or stream group Sub-basin or main tributary Subtotals Total for basin or group 18 19-la 19-1 19-2 19-4c 20 21 22 23-1 Los Penasquitos Creek Group. San Diego River Basin Boulder Creek above Cuyamaca Dam Remainder of San Diego River above El Capitan Dam Above El Capitan Dam San Vicente Creek above gage near Foster Remainder of San Diego River above Santee Dam . . Above Santee Dam Remainder of San Diego River above gage at Old Town (San Diego) San Diego River at mouth 4,730 30,370 7,520 9,580 2,400 San Diego Bay group. Sweetwater River Basin Sweetwater River above Sweetwater Dam. Otay River Basin Otay River above Lower Otay Dam Tia Juana River Basin Cottonwood Creek above Morena Dam Remainder of Cottonwood Creek above Barrett Dam Above Barrett Dam Remainder of Tia Juana River Basin between Barrett Dam and international boundary Tia Juana River in California 17,700 8,900 12,400 14,700 11,900 TOTAL, SOUTH COASTAL AREA IN CALIFORNIA 35,100 52,200 27,100 10,300 54,600 5,200 17,700 8,900 39,000 1,226,860 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 257 TABLE 50 ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01.-- 01-02-.. 02-03--. 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07. 07-08. 08-09. 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12_ 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16. 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20. 20-21. 2 1.-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36. 36-37. 37-38. 38-39J 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. Ventura River near Ventura 1946-47 MEAN. 29,900 • 6,000 52,700 200 200 1,900 29,000 13,800 43,000 6,000 172,000 80,800 200,000 37,600 196,000 56,000 167,000 22,600 30,500 232,000 80,800 102,000 46,400 141,000 11,600 20,600 15,000 184,000 31,000 3,700 1,700 72,900 70,500 5,610 5,130 6,220 2,120 60,500 18,900 31,000 43,200 28,200 112,000 194,000 23,300 15,300 260,000 26,100 141,000 79,600 35,300 29,100 17,400 Santa Clara River at County Line 62,100 22,400 16,500 23,200 14,400 12,500 10,700 14,100 9,300 13,200 7,600 45,600 12,300 109,000 12,200 20,400 16,900 24,400 18,800 16,400 92,000 38,800 25,000 25,000 27,400 19,800 18,200 24,200 58,600 21,800 17,900 15,500 31,000 33,300 19,600 17,500 14,500 14,200 24,200 14,600 14,000 20,200 12,700 35,600 38,900 17,700 14,100 146,000 17,300 63,000 43,100 25,600 23,000 19,900 Piru Creek near Piru 27,700 28,000 7,800 45,800 900 900 4,700 26,800 14,300 38,000 7,800 138,000 68,700 162,000 34,100 159,000 47,500 136,000 25,900 49,700 186,000 68,700 83,800 40,600 116,000 13,000 20,700 16,400 150,000 19,900 3,000 3,900 61,800 59,600 9,850 9,230 9,050 12,200 52,200 10,400 16,700 33,900 14,300 69,700 129,000 38,200 19,400 226,000 32,200 102,000 125,000 34,400 32,300 28,400 Sespe Creek near Sespe 53,700 53,000 19,000 82,000 5,000 5,000 13,000 51,000 31,000 69,000 19,000 233,000 118,000 270,000 62,000 265,000 85,000 228,000 48,300 87,700 310,000 118,000 144,000 73,000 196,000 29,000 41,000 33,000 250,000 40,000 10,000 11,000 108,000 104,000 19,500 18,500 18,000 16,900 83,000 32,600 52,500 85,000 52,400 171,000 239,000 46,200 32,500 376,000 42,200 171,000 143,000 54,400 64,400 45,300 Santa Paula Creek near Santa Paula 93,900 8,720 3,100 13,100 640 640 1,990 8,240 5,010 11,100 3,100 43,600 18,700 50,000 10,000 41,300 13,500 42,800 7,960 11,400 57,000 18,700 35,800 11,800 30,600 4,700 6,770 5,570 39,000 6,600 1,390 1,670 17,000 21,000 3,500 3,680 3,150 3,590 20,200 7,800 11,900 13,100 13,800 32,100 44,600 8,860 5,650 58,100 7,500 40,100 22,800 12,400 11,400 7,590 Malibu Creek near Crater Camp 16,700 11,000 400 8,700 100 200 400 8,700 1,500 26,100 300 23,500 21,100 34,400 4,900 22,500 4,100 17,400 500 1,100 35,700 21,600 23,500 11,400 12,400 4,500 700 3,600 20,200 700 100 200 14,300 17,400 400 1,100 1,000 5,400 14,700 9,160 12,400 6,220 2,310 23,900 34,100 4,630 6,100 73,200 1,800 47,600 30,200 4,240 3.80Q 3,820 12,000 9 — 27922 258 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 Topanga Creek near Topanga Beach Pacoima Creek near San Fernando Little Tujunga Creek near San Fernando Tujunga Creek near Sunland Verdugo Wash at Estelle Avenue Flint Wash at Berkshire Avenue 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 2,850 100 2,250 30 50 10,800 340 3,700 250 30 2,120 20 400 31,700 3,440 12,400 2,700 650 2,960 130 1,190 90 1,070 40 470 10 1899-1900 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 100 2,250 390 6,760 80 30 4,070 170 4,600 310 420 490 860 13,500 2,150 14,900 3,000 1,300 40 1,430 110 510 10 580 50 1904-05 6,080 5,460 8,910 1,270 5,830 8,140 15,600 31,500 4,720 10,800 1,310 3,790 6,860 510 2,140 24,300 44,700 88,200 15,200 31,700 2,280 4,080 8,130 1,500 2,960 940 05-06 1,420 06-07 2,230 07-08 380 08-09 1,070 1909-10 10-11 1,060 4,500 130 280 9,240 7,780 20,000 4,770 1,910 21,100 1,210 5,670 530 230 6,140 23,600 57,000 15,200 7,530 59,900 2,240 5,240 1,520 600 5,510 790 1,710 11-12 380 12-13 200 13-14 1,850 1914-15 5,590 6,080 2,950 3,210 1,160 8,820 20,700 8,400 4,800 1,150 1,480 5,970 910 1,060 190 26,400 59,000 18,000 22,200 5,730 2,460 5,420 1,750 2,080 430 750 15-16 1,750 16-17 .. 480 17-18 750 18-19 120 1919-20 20-21 180 930 5,230 180 30 9,800 7,290 38,700 7,870 540 610 340 13,800 470 20 16,600 10,500 103,000 14,700 3,670 1,590 960 9,470 1,410 180 650 330 21-22 2,650 22-23 23-24 370 10 1924-25 25-26 50 3,700 4,500 100 280 940 7,790 5,720 590 1,080 20 850 1,020 110 3,700 19,500 21,400 4,840 4,130 180 1,860 2,020 290 220 80 480 26-27 990 27-28 28-29 30 90 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 670 710 3,590 2,240 6,420 700 980 8,570 1,830 2,250 60 1,870 510 820 4,350 3,230 18,500 7,410 7,490 270 140 710 300 630 80 160 370 470 960 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1,360 1,490 6,620 15,300 1,200 5,150 3,030 16,100 25,700 3,520 450 930 4,760 8,960 500 16,100 6,010 37,500 82,200 14,400 1,570 460 3,430 5,450 1,420 260 260 670 1,860 310 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 2,080 18,900 540 8,720 7,000 3,260 26,300 1,870 20,700 15,300 900 10,600 200 7,380 5,840 11,100 79,200 10,100 75,600 58,500 1,430 7,370 2,160 8,690 5,040 250 2,380 170 2,410 860 1944-45 45-46 1,090 1,400 4,870 4,570 550 580 18,400 16,300 2,010 1,930 370 470 1946-47 990 4,350 710 19,100 1,940 870 MEAN 3,300 8,000 1,970 24,000 2,200 690 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 259 TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96 . 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01._. 01-02-_. 02-03._. 03-04. - 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07 _ 07-08- 08-09_ 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12- 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16_ 16-17. 17-18. 18-19- 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30- 30-31 _ 31-32. 32-33. 33-34_ . 1934-35- 35-36. 36-37- 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. Arroyo Seco near Pasadena 1946-47 MEAN. 11,200 820 5,150 660 160 250 5,570 660 6,210 1,020 9,860 14,700 23,100 4,270 11,200 8,450 17,500 4,260 2,430 19,000 8,660 16,900 5,580 5,620 1,530 3,640 3,160 25,400 3,180 850 1,060 6,170 6,780 1,260 1,380 1,600 1,450 5,290 2,740 2,950 9,010 3,610 11,900 21,900 4,690 3,960 25,200 2,480 21,300 13,700 5,820 4,970 5,910 7,290 Eaton Creek near Pasadena 4,800 640 2,400 550 190 260 2,550 550 2,800 720 4,280 7,220 9,770 2,010 4,800 3,700 7,360 2,000 1,290 8,030 3,520 7,550 2,420 3,520 690 1,980 1,830 13,300 1,900 640 640 3,310 3,060 1,020 850 970 860 2,400 1,340 1,670 2,570 1,790 5,340 8,100 1,870 1,840 10,300 1,370 9,040 5,320 2,640 1,980 2,770 3,290 Little Santa Anita Creek near Sierra Madre 1,020 90 470 60 10 20 500 60 560 100 890 1,460 2,530 380 1,020 760 1,840 380 230 2,040 720 1,900 680 560 150 350 470 2,540 320 90 90 590 880 120 120 150 100 440 230 420 600 390 1,340 2,640 260 360 2,680 320 2,630 1,040 600 440 680 740 Santa Anita Creek near Sierra Madre 7,340 810 3,520 620 210 260 3,780 620 4,200 900 6,500 9,610 15,600 2,940 7,340 5,610 11,600 2,940 1,790 12,700 5,290 11,900 4,070 3,740 890 2,400 2,560 16,600 2,440 710 690 4,350 5,180 1,010 1,210 1,280 990 4,010 1,770 2,520 4,480 2,920 9,820 15,500 2,680 2,690 14,100 1,830 16,600 6,790 3,520 3,100 4,280 4,920 Sawpit Creek near Monrovia 2,060 770 1,200 520 260 320 1,260 520 1,350 800 1,870 3,400 6,130 1,800 2,720 2,800 4,910 1,800 1,070 3,170 2,680 5,020 2,560 2,040 990 1,260 1,160 4,310 1,570 790 1,200 3,430 3,280 960 790 620 630 1,540 830 1,160 1,300 1,470 3,090 6,180 1,940 1,390 4,380 1,490 5,650 3,050 2,110 1,630 1,680 2,090 San Gabriel River near Azusa 179,000 27,100 90,900 23,000 9,620 12,100 96,200 23,800 106,000 28,700 160,000 232,000 350,000 77,500 180,000 139,000 273,000 77,100 50,300 296,000 132,000 279,000 92,000 132,000 38,900 117,000 70,500 410,000 75,900 27,900 23,700 111,000 129,000 32,600 35,800 46,200 31,800 129,000 46,600 52,000 127,000 53,700 218,000 353,000 67,200 58,600 325,000 51,000 283,000 193,000 95,800 101,000 109,000 122,000 260 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900. . 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Fish Creek near Duarte 5,000 720 2,470 620 230 290 2,650 620 2,930 780 4,420 6,420 9,700 2,100 5,000 3,840 7,570 2,100 1,360 8,200 3,640 7,740 2,500 2,960 650 2,160 1,670 8,980 1,510 340 1,230 5,170 5,070 860 1,040 1,070 890 3,560 1,340 2,440 3,080 3,280 6,770 9,520 1,750 1,570 9,340 1,030 10,700 4,200 2,580 2,310 2,910 3,410 Rogers Creek near Azusa 3,580 180 1,550 130 1,690 130 1,920 220 3,140 4,790 7,490 1,250 3,580 2,660 5,730 1,250 640 6,230 2,500 5,870 1,570 2,140 320 1,470 1,070 8,370 1,040 150 790 3,930 4,060 400 460 530 260 2,460 650 1,890 1,870 1,420 5,180 7,560 1,020 810 7,610 480 9,290 3,100 1,840 1,670 2,230 2,460 Little Dalton Creek near Glendora 1,170 20 470 10 520 10 590 30 1,020 1,590 2,520 360 1,170 860 1,920 360 150 2,100 800 1,970 480 800 80 680 320 3,010 350 20 10 630 780 40 50 90 30 470 80 480 510 480 1,530 2,810 320 230 2,030 200 2,000 950 820 560 440 730 Dalton Creek near Glendora 2,100 30 790 20 890 20 1,030 50 1,810 2,860 4,590 600 2,100 1,500 3,470 600 210 3,800 1,400 3,560 810 1,400 110 1,340 990 5,530 540 30 20 870 1,740 90 110 120 60 990 140 770 820 520 2,860 4,600 390 290 3,800 250 4,070 1,480 1,080 740 630 1,300 San Dimas Creek near San Dimas 5,200 550 2,970 420 70 2,150 420 2,450 600 4,470 8,490 13,100 2,450 5,200 4,890 10,100 2,450 1,100 9,580 4,580 10,300 3,010 2,690 1,020 2,860 3,010 14,000 3,080 930 630 2,630 4,400 650 790 840 530 2,980 820 1,500 2,050 1,550 7,390 13,200 2,340 1,730 10,400 1,640 10,900 6,150 4,400 2,840 2,750 3,870 San Jose Creek near Whittier 9,540 260 4,260 90 4,520 90 5,110 430 8,430 12,800 19,900 3,410 9,540 7,070 15,300 3,410 1,700 16,700 6,730 15,600 4,260 6,730 1,020 5,880 2,900 23,900 3,320 60 40 4,700 15,600 580 680 820 530 4,030 1,070 7,610 3,860 1,390 9,600 15,400 3,440 3,020 22,700 3,930 20,500 11,900 7,010 5,750 5,100 6,460 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 261 TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900_- 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Coyote Creek near Artesia 7,200 250 5,000 200 150 180 4,800 420 6,900 300 8,600 11,000 17,000 1,650 9,200 3,750 11,300 1,550 2,100 17,000 6,200 13,800 4,100 4,300 450 3,200 2,600 21,200 1,200 150 180 5,650 12,500 650 600 700 570 2,690 460 3,890 3,850 1,150 13,700 15,100 4,250 3,190 29,500 1,560 12,100 12,100 3,800 3,540 2,460 5,660 Santa Ana River near Mentone 154,000 25,000 65,000 28,800 16,000 16,500 47,400 23,400 67,900 24,600 61,400 123,000 165,000 60,100 85,700 86,800 102,000 43,800 33,200 94,200 138,000 280,000 71,000 84,200 39,700 80,500 53,700 193,000 60,600 38,900 29,800 49,300 112,000 18,800 26,100 34,700 21,700 85,900 26,100 21,700 46,200 36,800 151,000 193,000 59,100 41,600 105,000 42,300 76,900 52,200 64,200 49,400 34,200 70,600 San Antonio Creek near Claremont 25,200 5,900 14,500 5,200 2,800 3,000 15,200 5,050 16,400 6,340 22,900 35,800 33,800 11,800 28,400 20,400 18,100 11,300 7,150 25,500 20,200 37,400 14,900 17,700 7,470 18,100 13,700 53,300 14,700 7,390 5,390 15,000 22,200 8,370 7,530 9,570 8,530 20,700 8,120 6,570 19,300 10,500 30,900 47,100 11,700 14,900 38,800 10,500 32,100 26,000 19,100 15,100 17,100 17,500 Cucamonga Creek near Upland 8,800 2,030 4,920 1,760 930 1,010 5,170 1,720 5,570 2,130 7,950 13,200 12,400 4,030 10,100 7,030 6,180 3,850 2,430 8,960 6,970 14,000 5,060 6,080 2,530 6,200 4,580 20,900 5,060 2,530 1,820 5,090 7,700 2,860 2,530 2,700 2,140 6,390 2,770 2,800 5,070 3,590 10,900 18,200 4,560 4,480 14,600 3,650 12,200 9,120 8,160 5,780 6,970 6,190 Day Creek near Etiwanda 6,400 1,520 3,700 1,340 740 760 3,880 1,290 4,180 1,600 5,840 9,150 8,660 3,030 7,270 5,190 4,620 2,900 1,830 6,500 5,170 9,610 3,790 4,530 1,920 4,620 3,510 14,300 3,790 1,920 1,390 3,830 5,660 2,140 1,920 1,870 1,380 3,110 1,750 1,400 3,320 2,400 7,120 13,400 4,260 3,590 9,910 3,690 8,210 6,580 6,170 4,580 4,360 4,440 Lytle Creek near Fontana 47,600 16,700 21,000 14,800 7,100 8,100 19,300 15,000 20,800 15,700 35,000 61,500 102,000 27,400 47,600 41,700 72,900 27,400 19,300 69,000 34,000 80,400 23,700 27,800 17,800 26,500 21,100 105,000 25,000 15,700 10,600 15,700 33,800 16,800 12,800 15,200 13,300 28,800 17,600 13,200 27,800 20,900 51,400 104,000 26,200 25,800 74,200 27,000 65,300 48,800 32,200 30,800 33,200 34,200 262 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900.. 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16---. 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Lone Pine Creek near Keenbrook 2,480 100 520 140 60 60 290 100 540 100 450 1,600 2,850 430 840 850 1,150 260 160 4,000 2,000 7,360 580 810 210 750 380 3,810 2,090 770 370 300 330 130 140 320 190 1,120 470 560 Cajon Creek near Keenbrook 790 1,150 10,400 3,200 4,180 1,230 570 610 4,510 1,190 5,000 1,480 8,110 18,400 17,500 6,150 10,900 10,500 9,340 3,280 1,720 11,100 10,400 19,400 7,660 5,660 1,840 5,740 3,130 22,700 4,620 2,880 2,100 3,450 5,110 1,720 2,150 4,460 2,160 10,700 4,540 3,530 660 300 1,050 8,220 640 6,350 2,210 9,730 24,700 6,150 550 2,550 580 3,200 1,420 4,800 17,700 4,680 21,900 12,900 740 820 5,970 7,890 6,620 7,260 Devil Canyon Creek near San Bernardino 3,340 530 1,890 670 360 370 1,950 650 2,120 800 3,000 5,070 4,740 1,520 3,840 2,660 2,350 1,450 910 4,980 2,630 5,390 1,910 2,310 950 2,360 1,780 8,410 1,910 950 690 1,930 2,900 1,070 1,300 1,380 930 2,540 660 870 1,160 1,140 4,260 7,820 1,980 1,510 5,070 1,710 4,720 3,350 3,340 1,930 2,570 2,390 Waterman Creek near Arrowhead Springs 3,040 400 1,680 510 270 280 1,760 500 1,930 630 2,750 4,400 4,150 1,340 3,460 2,440 2,150 1,280 1,390 6,020 2,410 4,620 1,720 2,110 780 2,150 1,840 6,420 2,230 780 560 1,160 2,040 640 1,110 1,180 800 2,180 530 750 1,490 920 4,140 5,920 2,000 1,440 5,110 1,400 4,070 2,390 2,760 1,310 1,810 2,100 Strawberry- Creek near Arrowhead Springs 8,660 1,420 3,640 1,620 920 920 2,660 1,300 3,780 1,390 3,430 6,920 9,260 3,360 4,810 4,860 5,680 2,440 1,870 5,300 7,760 15,800 4,010 4,750 2,220 4,510 3,170 11,000 3,680 1,600 1,430 2,520 3,620 1,310 1,660 1,840 1,100 3,100 1,270 1,360 2,530 2,070 7,070 10,200 4,070 3,190 10,000 2,630 7,700 4,220 4,310 2,480 2,580 4,060 City Creek near Highland 19,000 3,160 8,000 3,560 2,020 2,020 5,800 2,920 8,300 3,000 7,550 15,200 20,400 7,350 10,600 10,700 12,500 5,380 4,150 11,700 17,100 34,600 8,800 10,500 4,900 9,880 6,600 23,800 7,470 4,360 3,570 12,600 12,100 3,150 3,600 3,470 2,720 8,210 2,700 2,460 5,960 4,760 18,700 22,600 5,950 6,170 18,700 4,620 15,300 8,220 9,030 5,330 5,880 9,000 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 263 TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01... 01-02. _ 02-03... 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07. 07-08. 08-09. 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12. 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15.. 15-16.. 16-17. . 17-18.. 18-19.. 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36. 36-37. 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41 _ 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. Plunge Creek near East Highland 1946-47 MEAN. 14,600 2,450 6,130 2,760 1,540 1,540 4,520 2,180 6,400 2,340 5,800 11,700 15,600 5,700 8,140 8,220 9,630 4,150 3,180 8,960 13,100 26,700 6,730 8,040 3,750 7,160 4,180 18,400 3,730 1,700 1,200 5,650 7,170 1,540 2,780 3,350 2,300 7,500 1,900 2,640 5,210 4,980 14,900 15,900 3,980 5,020 12,900 3,140 9,540 5,130 6,540 4,500 4,140 6,620 Mill Creek near Craftonville 62,300 13,800 26,900 15,000 10,700 10,700 21,000 13,300 27,900 13,800 25,600 49,400 67,000 25,100 34,400 34,700 40,400 19,800 16,300 37,800 55,500 116,000 29,000 34,000 18,500 31,600 23,900 78,200 26,200 17,500 12,200 21,900 38,500 13,800 13,300 18,200 13,100 33,100 14,800 10,800 19,100 20,100 61,200 79,100 24,900 19,200 41,900 22,000 30,900 22,600 26,600 21,700 18,000 30,100 San Timoteo Creek near Redlands 3,260 540 1,370 10 380 10 340 7,250 2,930 1,760 1,480 750 910 280 300 50 4,800 San Jacinto River near San Jacinto 470 1,490 37,500 11,900 29,200 11,200 8,920 11,300 24,300 14,400 28,000 11,800 37,700 47,700 41,500 19,900 29,100 23,000 26,100 23,000 16,300 41,300 2,320 5,430 80 2,610 50 59,000 124,000 24,100 13,400 15,100 80 7,460 320 170 33,700 13,700 74,400 20,600 9,490 430 4,400 7,580 310 180 7,760 28,000 108,000 6,990 10,200 260 100 920 220 90 17,800 6,170 45,600 7,780 3,220 670 580 4,600 5,250 240 10,500 15,400 111,000 66,500 17,100 670 1,980 20 3,270 490 14,800 64,700 15,600 32,300 18,100 810 630 26,000 11,100 Santiago Creek near Villa Park 6,660 28,900 25,200 500 5,500 800 200 200 2,500 500 5,900 500 4,700 17,500 27,900 4,400 9,400 9,600 12,900 2,200 1,200 11,200 21,300 59,000 6,400 9,000 1,600 8,300 5,780 35,600 5,330 2,080 930 10,900 33,900 4,710 3,450 5,370 2,770 13,200 5,130 4,930 6,440 4,930 43,400 41,000 8,350 7,770 53,700 4,630 37,800 17,400 15,500 7,560 6,490 12,000 Aliso Creek at El Toro 1,100 140 10 150 100 740 1,300 80 320 340 500 10 420 930 2,800 180 310 270 140 1,640 130 10 400 1,550 100 30 130 20 566 170 160 630 350 2,240 1,610 440 250 2,540 30 1,910 610 360 110 160 500 264 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 Trabuco Creek near San Juan Capistrano San Juan Creek near San Juan Capistrano Temecula Creek at Nigger Canyon Murietta Creek at Temecula Temecula Creek at Railroad Canyon Santa Margarita River near Fallbrook 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900.. 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-2-2 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN 8,000 370 70 400 200 4,600 9,200 200 1,200 1,400 2,600 40 1,900 6,300 23,000 480 1,100 900 400 12,600 300 40 1,800 11,900 220 70 330 40 3,320 110 80 410 390 25,200 13,200 1,730 1,650 23,400 340 9,320 3,670 4,100 170 370 18,900 1,900 200 2,200 1,300 11,600 21,800 1,200 4,700 5,000 7,600 100 6,300 15,200 56,000 2,500 4,500 100 4,000 2,200 29,900 1,900 100 6,000 28,000 1,400 190 3,260 500 15,500 1,260 1,320 1,390 1,950 45,100 38,100 5,320 7,020 50,100 2,560 29,400 12,300 9,230 2,150 1,340 44,400 2,400 6,300 2,000 1,700 1,700 4,100 2,900 3,900 2,200 9,900 27,600 20,200 6,100 11,600 10,900 7,700 4,300 1,900 7,700 24,200 80,600 10,400 8,500 2,900 8,200 2,400 43,200 5,100 5,310 3,520 8,930 40,500 3,350 4,660 6,020 2,130 17,300 4,160 1,810 4,270 3,930 36,700 31,900 8,400 6,470 25,000 10,300 13,600 7,820 7,230 4,890 3,070 28,700 3,200 4,100 3,000 3,200 3,200 3,500 3,300 3,500 3,100 4,700 13,100 8,800 3,700 4,800 5,100 4,400 3,900 3,800 4,200 24,500 60,300 5,500 4,100 3,800 4,300 2,900 20,600 4,400 3,200 3,800 2,800 26,400 3,400 2,000 2,200 2,700 15,700 990 420 2,020 2,390 22,400 31,500 4,990 6,420 31,300 1,520 31,300 7,480 4,700 2,830 1,300 82,700 6,600 11,700 6,000 6,000 6,000 8,800 7,300 8,500 6,300 16,100 45,100 31,900 11,000 18,000 17,700 13,600 9,500 6,900 13,300 56,800 161,000 17,700 13,900 7,900 13,900 6,300 70,700 11,000 9,510 8,580 12,600 75,800 7,930 7,390 8,970 5,770 33,000 7,430 5,520 7,220 7,520 61,300 72,800 16,500 15,100 60,500 15,000 49,500 19,800 14,600 12,500 9,640 105,000 6,200 12,700 5,500 5,200 5,200 8,900 6,900 8,600 5,800 18,600 56,100 38,900 12,000 21,700 20,600 15,100 9,300 6,500 14,800 71,200 206,000 20,300 15,500 7,900 15,500 5,800 89,100 12,000 9,300 8,370 15,600 87,500 8,460 7,290 9,940 5,720 37,600 7,830 5,800 8,280 7,810 78,800 91,900 20,200 18,100 84,300 17,700 59,900 23,600 17,300 13,300 10,700 3,300 8,700 11,800 8,670 23,300 28,000 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 265 TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 Santa Margarita River near Ysidora San Luis Rey River at Lake Henshaw San Luis Rey River near Bonsall San Luis Rey River at Oceanside San Dieguito River at Sutherland Damsite San Dieguito River at Pamo Damsite 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01. .. 01-02. _. 02-03... 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06 _ 06-07_ 07-08_ 08-09. 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12. 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16. 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36_ 36-37. 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. 1946-47. MEAN. 145,000 1,200 18,500 400 400 400 11,800 2,800 11,000 400 26,400 77,700 54,100 17,800 30,400 29,200 22,100 13,000 1,600 21,300 98,700 284,000 28,800 22,500 8,700 22,500 400 123,000 17,800 5,690 4,860 18,800 93,600 6,980 3,820 14,200 7,000 44,300 9,660 8,400 14,800 14,100 120,000 126,000 26,400 23,700 121,000 20,500 82,900 39,900 29,800 22,700 16,500 37,100 105,000 5,700 18,600 4,100 3,000 2,800 11,500 7,100 10,500 4,770 28,200 68,200 52,800 17,600 32,700 31,000 22,500 12,800 5,910 22,600 60,400 182,000 29,500 24,400 7,320 23,400 5,120 102,000 13,800 6,520 4,570 19,400 85,900 8,240 12,200 17,500 6,950 48,600 12,000 3,710 8,780 12,000 89,600 72,300 25,900 18,700 70,400 30,600 38,100 25,700 23,700 20,400 9,240 29,900 195,000 10,600 34,600 •7,600 5,600 5,200 21,400 13,200 19,600 8,970 52,500 127,000 98,400 32,800 60,900 57,700 41,900 22,000 11,400 41,500 148,000 336,000 57,200 42,700 17,000 43,700 8,660 173,000 32,000 16,200 8,470 36,100 160,000 17,100 20,600 30,100 11,200 102,000 22,600 6,540 20,200 21,500 209,000 155,000 53,000 39,300 163,000 61,600 82,800 50,000 45,500 40,600 18,900 58,800 207,000 11,300 36,800 8,100 6,000 5,500 22,600 14,100 20,800 8,970 55,300 135,000 104,000 34,400 64,200 60,800 44,000 23,600 11,400 43,700 154,000 355,000 60,800 47,500 17,500 46,000 8,660 193,000 32,300 18,700 8,470 37,600 169,000 17,400 21,400 31,900 11,200 109,000 23,400 6,950 21,200 22,900 217,000 162,000 55,800 41,400 171,000 64,900 87,000 52,800 48,200 42,800 19,900 62,200 55,300 3,000 9,800 2,200 1,600 1,500 6,000 3,800 5,600 2,600 14,900 33,700 19,100 6,000 25,100 18,100 11,900 8,690 4,520 10,500 31,100 95,200 13,700 7,360 4,810 12,500 3,170 47,200 9,560 2,740 3,470 15,300 49,500 3,620 4,890 8,010 3,090 31,300 7,600 1,180 4,640 6,330 47,600 29,600 10,800 6,980 43,000 9,120 18,000 12,900 9,630 7,170 2,490 15,200 88,500 4,800 15,700 3,520 2,560 2,400 9,600 6,080 8,960 4,160 23,800 54,600 30,900 9,730 40,800 29,400 19,000 14,100 5,780 19,800 49,800 149,000 24,300 12,400 5,870 17,600 4,070 79,700 15,800 4,390 5,550 24,500 79,300 5,800 7,820 12,800 4,950 50,000 12,200 1,880 7,420 10,100 76,100 47,400 17,400 11,200 68,800 14,600 28,800 19,400 14,400 10,500 3,710 24,400 266 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98.. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01. _. 01-02.. 02-03.. 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07. 07-08. 08-09. 1909-10. 10-11. 11-12. 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16. 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20- 20-21- 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33- 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36. 36-37. 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. San Dieguito River at Lake Hodges 1946-47 MEAN. 163,000 3,650 19,300 1,650 850 460 10,400 5,260 9,300 2,850 32,800 80,100 42,900 9,530 58,500 40,400 24,100 16,400 2,070 21,500 73,600 310,000 32,000 25,600 3,430 14,500 1,490 118,000 16,100 4,750 1,730 34,300 157,000 8,900 8,500 15,500 4,810 71,300 17,300 1,550 8,520 11,100 163,000 91,600 40,100 18,100 179,000 39,600 46,700 22,200 17,800 16,400 1,510 40,000 Boulder Creek at Cuyamaca Reservoir 10,700 1,210 3,470 680 500 140 2,670 2,060 2,090 420 5,830 10,600 7,220 2,120 6,400 4,830 2,460 3,390 2,740 2,380 8,990 18,000 3,730 3,330 2,600 6,410 2,230 12,000 3,460 2,300 1,610 3,850 12,400 2,350 3,140 3,180 1,560 9,640 3,970 1,140 3,280 4,650 14,200 13,200 5,500 1,780 13,800 2,490 3,420 2,860 4,400 2,360 880 4,730 San Diego River at El Capitan Dam 102,000 4,900 16,800 2,480 1,850 980 8,250 7,200 12,600 1,270 35,800 82,000 49,700 18,800 45,600 26,400 10,700 18,700 9,800 19,500 67,400 200,000 28,200 23,000 10,000 36,900 7,090 121,000 21,400 8,730 8,710 24,500 118,000 11,600 14,000 16,500 5,570 67,900 20,700 5,140 15,800 19,100 100,000 69,300 33,800 19,000 170,000 25,600 35,500 29,700 22,700 14,600 6,030 35,100 San Vicente Creek at San Vicente Dam 30,300 2,200 200 200 1,400 7,100 14,000 10,600 2,800 6,100 3,600 1,600 2,400 500 3,100 17,600 66,300 5,300 3,400 500 2,520 36,300 390 40 80 5,510 32,700 280 510 1,440 500 16,700 1,820 1,400 1,700 28,800 16,100 7,600 1,700 38,200 2,130 7,830 6,340 3,330 4,570 1,000 7,520 San Diego River near Santee 168,000 4,900 21,000 2,480 1,850 980 8,650 7,500 15,400 1,270 50,400 111,000 71,800 24,300 58,100 33,700 19,700 23,300 10,600 25,600 108,000 352,000 40,600 31,000 10,800 42,500 7,090 202,000 22,300 8,770 8,790 36,100 185,000 11,900 15,200 19,200 9,770 104,000 26,900 11,500 25,600 28,800 167,000 105,000 53,600 27,400 246,000 34,700 51,400 45,800 31,100 25,200 13,400 52,200 Sweetwater River at Sweetwater Dam 73,400 1,300 6,900 250 830 13,800 35,000 30,000 4,140 16,000 9,600 3,160 5,000 920 3,530 27,100 161,000 15,300 10,200 4,050 15,000 1,810 62,000 9,110 2,820 1,140 14,400 121,000 3,950 3,570 4,600 1,420 25,900 6,970 1,090 3,810 3,950 62,100 31,200 11,100 4,900 67,600 10,400 14,100 15,300 10,100 7,250 2,120 17,700 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 267 TABLE 50— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, SOUTH COASTAL AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. .. 95-96. .. 96-97__. 97-98. -_ 98-99_-_ 1899-1900. 00-01... 01-02 _.. 02-03. ._ 03-04 ___. 1904-05 05-06 06-07. ._ 07-08_ __ 08-09 __.. 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13__. 13-14___. 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19_ ... 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23.. 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28. . 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Otay River at Savage Dam 30,200 800 4,200 100 500 11,200 16,200 6,760 1,150 5,000 7,150 1,230 4,910 1,570 2,500 10,900 54,400 8,700 2,700 2,300 9,100 400 27,400 3,900 1,750 720 2,700 42,700 190 460 3,550 2,380 20,400 2,800 1,390 8,310 2,280 33,100 20,400 7,400 3,200 65,000 3,400 7,980 12,600 7,080 5,440 1,340 Cottonwood Creek at Morena Dam 8,900 36,600 1,900 6,700 900 700 200 3,700 2,600 2,700 600 11,900 24,900 18,200 4,520 13,500 6,320 3,090 4,140 1,750 3,680 15,000 75,300 15,700 8,970 4,100 12,100 3,140 42,100 10,700 4,130 2,070 3,570 65,600 6,730 2,660 3,130 1,890 13,900 3,680 2,430 6,280 3,710 43,500 27,100 15,300 8,200 47,100 8,700 13,100 16,800 11,800 9,910 2,530 12,400 Cottonwood Creek above Barrett Dam* 83,700 4,400 15,300 2,100 1,600 500 8,500 6,000 6,200 1,300 27,200 56,900 41,700 10,300 30,800 14,500 6,920 9,580 3,130 8,130 26,100 172,000 35,900 16,600 9,120 31,700 6,070 96,500 20,000 9,690 5,900 10,600 136,000 10,600 11,500 8,120 3,470 34,200 9,300 5,170 11,700 8,170 103,000 53,300 28,400 13,800 98,900 17,200 27,400 30,300 24,500 18,300 6,070 27,100 Tia Juana River at Marron Damsite 120,000 6,300 21,900 3,000 2,300 720 12,200 8,600 8,900 1,860 39,000 81,500 59,700 14,800 44,200 20,700 9,920 13,700 4,480 11,700 51,700 247,000 51,500 23,800 13,100 45,400 8,700 138,000 28,700 13,200 8,450 15,200 195,000 15,100 16,400 11,600 4,970 49,000 13,300 7,400 16,700 11,700 134,000 74,500 40,300 16,600 162,000 27,900 37,200 44,300 30,900 23,900 6,450 39,000 * Subject to revision upon completion of current studies of spill at Barrett Dam by International Boundary Commission. 268 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA •e-> *3 So »"£ HO O •^ -to be WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 269 FLOOD FLOWS Because of steep slopes and sparse vegetation in a number of drain- age basins of the South Coastal Area, runoff from heavy rains may at times cause serious soil erosion. As a result, newly eroded material and stream channel accumulations pass rapidly from the higher elevations to be deposited on flat basin lands below. During flood flows the streams are prone to cut new channels and meander through new territory, building up wide detrital cones, unless artificially stabilized. Information about floods in South Coastal Area streams begins with Father Crespi 's Diary of the first land expedition of the Spaniards from San Diego to San Francisco Bay and return in 1769-70. The diarist noted evidence of "great" floods in Los Angeles River. Later records of the padres tell of damage to San Gabriel Mission fields in the low lands along San Gabriel River in 1772, and to Mission properties at San Diego in 1780 and 1821, and at Ventura in 1832. A chronological summary of floods in the southern part of the State is given in United States Geological Survey Water Supply Paper 844. Owing to lack of records it is difficult to determine the magnitude of most early floods. That 1824-25 "was probably the greatest for many years, causing the (Los Angeles) river to break eastward into San Pedro Bay." This flood also changed the course of Santa Ana River into the ocean. The flood of 1861-62 has been termed the "Noachian deluge of Cali- fornia floods." Preceding storms drenched the entire West Coast. The following quotation from Water Supply Paper 844 describes its impact on South Coastal streams : "During the flood period in 1862 the entire valley area from Los Angeles to the ocean, both toward San Pedro and toward Ballona, was a great lake. The Los Angeles River in the City of Los Angeles extended from Alameda Street to the bluff on the Pico Heights side. A little below Vernon * * * the river split, and part of it went through Los Cienagas grant into Ballona Creek. "During the same flood the San Gabriel River overflowed its banks, broke from its course east of El Monte, and started a new channel to the west of El Monte, taking about the same course as later taken in 1867 to form what was then known as New River. "In San Bernardino, Riverside, and Orange Counties, the Santa Ana River became a raging torrent. * * * The prosperous colonies along the banks of the river were completely inundated, and vineyards, orchards, and grain fields were transformed into a barren waste. "Flood waters * * * on the Ventura River are reported to have spread from the bluff on the Taylor Ranch to the hills east of Ventura Avenue, thus attaining a width of about 4,000 feet. Many houses were submerged and several destroyed. Parts of the old Mission waterworks, which brought water to Ventura, were des- troyed. ' ' The flood of 1867-68 caused extensive damage along San Gabriel River. The river cut a new channel and several thousand acres of land and a newly established settlement were washed away. During the same flood a portion of Ventura was submerged. The flood of 1884 is given rank among major floods. All bridges across Los Angeles River except one were washed out and several people 270 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA drowned. San Fernando Valley was flooded from the site of Chatsworth to that of Glendale and in many places the Southern Pacific railroad was washed out. The Santa Ana River cut a new channel and discharged into the ocean about three miles southeast of its former outlet. In San Diego County the flood was described as very severe, and it was in this year that the railroad through Temecula Canyon was destroyed. There was a bad flood on Ventura River. The flood of 1889 is described as comparable in magnitude to that of 1884. The last general floods of great magnitude in the South Coastal Area occurred in 1938. However, there were other major floods in the area in the interim between that flood and earlier floods mentioned. These occurred in 1909 on Santa Ana River and tributaries, in 1911 on Ventura River, in 1914 and 1916 in many parts of the Area and particularly in 1916 in San Diego County, and in 1934 in La Canada Valley. All main rivers of the Area from the Ventura to the San Diego were affected by storms that brought the floods of 1938. Damages were higher than in any preceding recorded flood. Maximum recorded instantaneous flood flows at representative stream gaging stations in the South Coastal Area are given in the follow- ing tabulation : Maximum recorded instantaneous discharge Second- Stream and station Date feet Ventura River near Ventura March 2, 1938 39,200 Piru Creek near Piru March 2, 1938 35,600 Sespe Creek near Fillmore March 2, 1938 56,000 Santa Paula Creek near Santa Paula March 2, 1938 13,500 Pacoima Creek near San Fernando March 3, 1938 2,440 Tujunga Creek near Sunland March 2, 1938 50,000 Arroyo Seco near Pasadena March 2, 1938 8,620 Eaton Creek near Pasadena March 2, 1938 2,400 Little Santa Anita Creek near Sierra Madre___ March 2, 1938 536 Santa Anita Creek near Sierra Madre March 2, 1938 5,200 Sawpit Creek near Monrovia April 7, 1926 2,000 Fish Creek near Duarte April 4, 1925 2,180 Rogers Creek near Azusa April 7, 1926 2,600 San Gabriel River near Azusa March 2, 1938 65,700 Dalton Creek near Glendora March 2, 1938 850 San Dimas Creek near San Dimas March 2, 1938 5,000 San Jose Creek near Whittier January 1, 1934 13,100 San Antonio Creek near Claremont March 2, 1938 21,400 Lytle Creek near Fontana March 2, 1938 25,200 Cajon Creek near Keenbrook March 2, 1938 14,500 Devil Canyon Creek near San Bernardino March 2, 1938 3,320 Waterman Canyon Creek near Arrowhead Springs March 2, 1938 2,350 Strawberry Creek near Arrowhead Springs March 2, 1938 3,360 City Creek near Highland March 2, 1938 6,900 Plunge Creek near East Highland March 2, 1938 5,340 Santa Ana River near Mentone March 2, 1938 52,300 San Timoteo Creek near Redlands March 2, 1938 7,460 San Jacinto River near San Jacinto February 16, 1927 45,000 Temecula Creek at Nigger Canyon February 16, 1927 17,100 Temecula Creek at Railroad Canyon February 16, 1927 25,000 Santa Margarita River near Fallbrook February 16, 1927 33,100 Santa Margarita River at Ysidora February 16, 1927 33,600 San Luis Rey River at Lake Henshaw January 27, 1916 58,600 San Luis Rey River between Lake Hensbaw and Bonsall March 3, 1938 18,100 Santa Ysabel Creek near Mesa Grande January 27, 1916 21,000 San Dieguito River at Hodges Dam January 27, 1916 72,100 San Diego River near Santee January 27, 1916 70,200 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 271 FLOOD FREQUENCIES Flood-frequency studies for the South Coastal Area, shown on Plates 18 to 37, were based on measured flow at gaging stations named, except when necessary to correct for upstream storages or diversions. Streams for which such corrections were necessary, and locations of stream gaging stations and of upstream storages or diversions involved, are indicated in the following tabulation : Location of Upstream storage or Stream gaging station diversion Pacoima Creek Near San Fernando Pacoima Reservoir Tujunga Creek Near Sunland Big Tujunga Reservoir San Antonio Creek Near Claremont Southern California Edison Company Conduit Sawpit Creek Near Monrovia Sawpit Reservoir Monrovia Pipe Line San Gabriel River Near Azusa San Gabriel Reservoir No. 1 San Gabriel Reservoir No. 2 Morris Reservoir Dalton Creek Near Glendora Big Dalton Reservoir San Dimas Creek Near San Dimas San Dimas Reservoir Lytle Creek Near Fontana Fontana Pipe Line Santa Ana River Near Mentone Southern California Edison Company Conduit Greenspot Pipe Line San Luis Rey River At Lake Henshaw Lake Henshaw San Dieguito River At Hodges Dam Hodges Reservoir San Diego River Near Santee El Capitan Reservpir San Vicente Reservoir Cottonwood Creek At Barrett Dam Morena Reservoir Barrett Reservoir There are breaks in the stream flow record of Santa Ana River near Mentone from January 18, 1916, to February 10, 1916, and from Febru- ary 15, 1927, to April 26, 1927. Floods which occurred during these periods were estimated from flow of San Gabriel River near Azusa. The flood-frequency study for San Luis Rey River between Lake Henshaw and Bonsall, shown on Plate 34, considered only floods pro- duced by the drainage area between the two stations. Their magnitudes were determined by subtracting flow near Mesa Grande from that at or near Bonsall. Lake Henshaw, on the upper San Luis Rey, has never filled and for this reason correction of measured flow near Bonsall has not been necessary. The study on the San Luis Rey included floods at both stations "at Bonsall," and "near Bonsall." Before these floods were combined the discharge at each station was reduced to second-feet per square mile. Floods in San Diego River near Santee during January, 1916, were estimated from flow in that stream at San Diego. 272 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 18 i Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 5 \ / / I / / — — 4 -M- / ; , f — / — 1 1 / 1 I 1 / L / f / 1 / f i / ( / t k i i ft ' A I •/ bJ •ft LEGEND *■ 1 day flood ► 2 day flood • > 3 day flood - / 0/ -9/--G 7 t & < v £*% c i 1 VENTURA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR VENTURA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 187 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 80- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 10 00 / 1 I \ / 1 / / / I / ll f /♦ /of •/ " > / A ► o 1 *• ) / ^< I/' 1 • _EG EN D / + / o • J i * 1 day flood ► 2 day flood 5 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood Z +/ e < Pfe < i ^Y VD ^9 ^Jf /2Y8M\& - PIRU CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR PIRU AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 432 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 273 PLATE 19 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 10 00 J / I 1 / / \ / / / ' / / 1 / I 1 ♦ J & ♦ / 1/ w "v c r • A 1 .EGEND /» /o. i * 1 day flood ► 2 day flood ► 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood _ J* Jo/ • /e < ttjly* ( A 4 1C /Z. /A ! SESPE CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR FILLMORE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 254 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C )00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 8 - / / / . f / / / / I o f * f T / * A r m LEGEND * 1 day flood » 2 day flood or •> j£/ < i _ O 3 day flood >/?/%- jCA ! 1 1 1 1 1 1 SANTA PAULA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SANTA PAULA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 40 SQUARE MILES 274 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 20 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 j J 1 1 ' /♦ J of 9 '/ & ■» h a. T °7 r °J* / « LEGEND * &/<¥ < * 1 day flood » 2 day flood I 3 3 day flood ■ *• 5 day flood " t < Ay i / M PACOIMA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SAN FERNANDO AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 28 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 tc 100 f / j f J / / / | l\ e / J / / •© * Jc **j 4 ♦ /o J 9- ► it 1 day flood » 2 day flood 3 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood . 1 4 ?/ ( i*' 5j a\< A 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 TUJUNGA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SUNLAND AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 106 SQUARE MILES , . „^ , . I ■ !■ WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 275 PLATE 21 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years / / / / / / / / J III III ill & 1 / 1 3/ i / + 6 / i J * f V -4) • 4 / O- < Z. e 6 LEGEND *V $ i ► 1 day flood ► 2. day flood ► 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood _ Y ■&, 4 c _ * &■* * >f^ 1 ARROYO SECO FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR PASADENA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 16 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C )00 / / / t / III / \ / / / ' / / F I / III 1 / / / J r / /= y • f * / f f% / 0/ e A v /°A nt LEG EN D \f 4 ^ I day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood . ► 5 day flood " ?M/ VJPy 1 W4 ( zj v i ITTLE SANTA ANITA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SIERRA MADRE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 19 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic 100 i // / f // 1 1 / I 1 / f ! c /i « •e ' °/7 Z /* LEG EN D W* /ft/* *% i * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood . — i — i — r— i i i fo/y'^y < < : ? V*Y _i i. i s?Y < Ay 1 i-A A* SA NT A Al SI IT/ ?EA C 4^© 1 ' — i — i — ' ' ' k CREEK FLOOD NEAR SIERRA MADRE )F DRAINAGE BASIN 11 SQUARE Ml DISCHARGE LES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 277 PLATE 23 I Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s - Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / / / / J III / / / / / ' / / ' y / / / / / / / / / / i ♦ / c / • / & ' / / op *-? *f " r r m / /* > • *■ 1 .EGEND ■1 I i / c /•/« < *■ 1 day flood ► 2 day flood I ► 3 day flood h ► 5 day flood . t _ c -"V XA T A 4 » i ti ' * ¥ SAWPIT CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR MONROVIA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 5.3 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years \ o Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / / i_ / / / / f / / / _j / / / 4 / / / ~t — 1 / / 1 I / / h ' it 1 / 1 / // f kZ-flf 1 1 & 7/ f—r- ~1 ♦/ -• J t~1 • Of LEG EK D - ■&/ ■ 9- 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood ► 5 day flood £ / Q \4* /Vv / /' J f /(/» / d i 1 /0/i jT& i i i i i i E IUU FISH CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR DUARTE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 6.5 SQUARE MILES 278 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 24 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C KX) 1 \ \ V2 / \ / 1 ' / / j / / / J 1 1 1 / 1 1 / / f 1 f i • h i t /«► ' » * A i « o » Ax v/ LEGEND J/< i * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ( i < ROGERS CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR AZUSA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 6.4 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per squ 10 are mile 00 i< XX) / / / / / / i / / i f 1 / / Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- -r- 1~1~T ; r Iff ~" 1 * r /, - 1 1 1 * r / l ! y 1 0/ */ r ** L-y f O/ LEC EN D H & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood _ ( A //A ~lV WK^- < SA N ( 3A ± 7 « RIE AREA :l rive NEA OF DRAINAGE R F R A2 BASI "L .us ^ 21 O A sc O D ^re r DISCH 4ILES 1 1 1 1 1 ARGE LI WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 279 PLATE 25 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 10 00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 5 / / 1 / V / I 1 e */ u / B A- / o /•/ / ■•/ T 7 / 1 /**/ D- i .EGEND C A !/*■/ i *■ 1 day flood ► 2 day flood ► 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood _ %p * < /< >A < *A> j£. DA LT o AR 1 CI k OF ^EEK NEAR DRAINAGE FL 3LEr BASH DC si DC M 7.1 X sc A )IS E M 5CHAF ILES IGE Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Daily mean flow in second-feet per squ 10 are mile 00 ic 00 / / / / / / 1 / / y t ' / 1 / / ' / / 1 1, 1 / 0/ / a_ / * /o/*e/ lEG EN D ■ < ► i * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood *■ 5 day flood { 1 /m A. < sY* r~ 1 1 1 1 SAN DIMAS CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SAN DIMAS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 18 SQUARE MILES 280 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 26 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 5 / / 1 / / t r / / / / / f 1 / / \ / i i ' / 1 / I 1 1 1 ' 1 ' J / 7 ' i t* 4 / v */ /m ♦ °j ' .EGEND *P i * 1 day flood * 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ► q J < *y ~\ A K? ^ ♦ pSj •K ^e c i SAN JOSE CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR WHITTIER AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 85 SQUARE MILES . Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic 100 / f Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years f* ■ • •e- &/■& Z® - LEX ;» D ©■ 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •• 5 day flood — SA N A vN T< AF NIC ?EA C 3 CREI NEAR C )F DRAINAGE EK ;lar . BASI FL EM N 17 SC >c JT u/ )l iR J E M DlSCh LES 1 1 1 1 1 1 IARGE WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 281 PLATE 27 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 U • -u- * (i LEGEND a A i ^ 1 day Flood ► 2 day flood 5 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood £ 7 A i '& . < ♦d /5» < 1 LYTLE CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR FONTANA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 48 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 K K)C // / / / /♦ "*/ ' 1 / a /< ► *■*■ /o/* /■&■ LEC Etv D f ' r? ■ 5- • ©• 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood % ) ( m L fi\ — -• / ■•>/ " o /• -e ►^ • r OS* ■v* *fc CAJON CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR KEENBROOK AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 41 SQUARE MILES 282 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 28 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 • •9- ■*■/ n V °f 7 '■&■ LEGEND rS / ¥/ ■ & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood *■ 5 day flood ■ »y 4 i i i i : i DEVILC/ \NYON CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SAN BERNARDINO AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 6.2 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 8 u c v 3 cr _o _s o (X f 1 1 -> (* > &• 7 "* / 10 T*f ft. /O yA / *V >f ok / * LEC ;eh D \ Pmfljkf & 1 day flood j • 2 day flood 4 J O 3 day flood - r _ j i^ •■ 5 day flood _ i 1 — p — i — i — r— t— m *- -/ U t l i. WATERMAN CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR ARROWHEAD SPRINGS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 4 6 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 288 PLATE 29 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 6 - Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 J / ( "*/ 3 Ml ■<>- ♦ o / 9/ A v f * 7 "•" /° ■9/ o/l LEGEND /yff ©• 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood / ?*' '¥*/* A ?'/< i~/& A *yy . Jk ^3^ J •3 E2?:£ ? ! STRAWBERRY CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR ARROWHEAD SPRINGS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 8.6 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C )00 / ' / / / / ! 1 1 A it < k ■y dA J & LEC ;ei\ D J ' jfirf* Yj ■ E* 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •• 5 day flood . • ^B- i f ( XjJ^-O- /* • i < M\ 1 f , J PLUNGE CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR EAST HIGHLAND AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 17 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 80- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C KX) / f Z ^J^ g 4 -a • a i J J / j A LEC ;» D ©■ 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood ► 5 day flood fit S- A 1 I I I I I l SANTA ANA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR MENTONE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 189 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 285 PLATE 31 c 3 cr M _s O 10 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile I 10 100 "T y ■& a * / "*" r> < • > y" -©■ • > -o- 9 V^ 5^ LEGEND ^ I J ... CI J J^» i uay riuou - . . y^e- A ^ — 1 1 "I 1 -rrr SAN TIMOTEO CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR REDLANDS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 123 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C >00 1 J J i m 1 8 _c o c i H "•■ fc- u 8 ■ ■> °/ ■*» o requency o 4 * 0/ •/& / * r / y< - -jD LEG EN D o /*/&/ < * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood Q_ / ^, A)} C ft ' ff / */ ♦ ^ \<* i A \^2* ■a ■ 100 . rfl ■ . SAN JACINTO RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SAN JACINTO AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 142 SQUARE MILES 286 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 32 > .1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s ?-A ■•■ A A. »• ♦ /o. 1/ LEGEND *■ >/y ; /& i ^ 1 day flood ► 2 day flood 3 3 day. flood, ► 5 day flood -H ■ J X >^*x ( ( *: < 1 1 1 1 1 1 TEMECULA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE AT NIGGER CANYON AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 321 SQUARE MILES .1 Daily mean 1 low in second-feet per square mile 1 10 1 00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s ' m /°/ • / ■©• - f or »^ - - ♦ ♦ O / *J * / 4 ^ < -G- * *■/' l-EG EN D J 1 ■+/ o >^l < & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ►• 5 day flood i 1 — i — i — i i i ^♦U^, ( < y s • , r • Tx*^ < T EM > EC ;l L >• ./ :a \ ( / OF ^REEH 0" RAILR DRAINAGE < F OAD BASIN _c CA 59c )C sc 'O ) N s,R D E M ISCHA ILES 1 1 1 1 1 1 RGE WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 287 PLATE 33 »0 >. O O o c a M o 10 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 . 100 ■*"/ / •/ ■» /n jta ■4 ■ / °J ■e /■& - -9 ► > LEGEND ^r \}J & 1 day flood &/* • 2 day flood ^y 3 3 day flood - <► ■/of' y V 9/i -a ♦ 5 dav flood "> y €^ I t WM ^^& SANTA MARGARITA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR FALLBROOK AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 643 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s - Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 1C X) '*'/'/*' i V , D X-© -•■ O y V LEG EN D o/» /< y ■( 9- 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood - *• 5 day flood . of r -& ( /* y^ SM r*i- 4 t -*-SuS e >© w • jrojr v <■- ' 3ANTA MARGARITA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT YSIDORA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 741 SQUARE MILES 288 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 34 >- c o 3 U TJ -O O I Daily mean flow in second-feet pei 10 square mile 100 K )0 r 1 I -»- / \ 1 A ) - / B ■e ■a- e- -* ► y / s s ' -EGEND -? B \ w *^fe < *■ 1 day flood > 2 day flood 5 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood . 4b 5 « -4 ■) 3 1 SAN LUIS REY RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT LAKE HENSHAW AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 206 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 80- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 I / / f / r~ 1 y* « 3- 4 ■ j /u/i > LEG EN D *i S i * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood e 1 >^ < ■%■ ■> < f « tr*j Tr\ m 1 111 SAN LUIS RE> BETWEEN AREA OF ' RIVER FLOOD 1 LAKE HENSHAW AND BC DRAINAGE BASIN 312 SQUARE W DISCHARGE NSALL ILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 289 PLATE 35 >> o o c 3 cr _D _D O til 10 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 c • ■& **l ct ft- / ■% /o / •. o -EGEND • Ay ii • * / 1 1 ¥ 9 < i -4 V , ♦ 4Y/ 7 */ ' / • fa J - *- 9 */**/ LEC EN D - fe o% \ rJr S • & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood ♦ -• B- ' LEGEND - ♦ © 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood ♦ ♦ a 4 yo ♦/ re/j • ^ .._ SAN DIEGO RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE IN MISSION GORGE NEAR SANTEE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 376 SQUARE MILES - O O c w 3 O" 0> 0) O Da ly mean flow in second-fee 10 i per square mile 100 10C ... f 1 1 i\ h y ■€ f*j « •> / n \ — h _ 10 o *F" %^x t^r r*> — o, LEC EN D r 1 1 & 1 day flood • 2 day flood jrjr 1 O 3 dav flood - ■ •• 5 day flood - r\n 1 r 1 1 SWEETWATER RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT SWEETWATER DAM AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 181 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 291 PLATE 37 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 10 00 4 » f • -e- ^ / — , ■ fr ■m fi A /oy&j < • - J G .EGEND i > 1 day flood > 2 day flood _ 3 3 day flood ~ > 5 day flood - -• / Q t 4 ._ . ' COTTONWOOD CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BARRETT DAM AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 250 SQUARE MILES QUALITY OF WATER Natural surface and ground waters in the South Coastal Area are generally of low salinity and of good to excellent quality for irrigation. However, total salinity and boron in concentrations potentially harmful to sensitive crop plants occur in several places in Ventura County and San Jacinto Valley. Surface Waters "Waters of Piru and Sespe Creeks, tributary to Santa Clara River, have boron content generally too high for safe use on all but the more tolerant crops. Waters of Piru Creek are high also in sulphates, and those in Sespe Creek are relatively high in chlorides, although within limits of tolerance for irrigation. Certain hot springs and other tributaries of Santa Clara and Ventura Rivers produce water of poor quality for irri- gation, since they carry abnormal concentrations of boron and have high salinity. On the other hand, water of low salinity and suitable for a wide variety of beneficial uses comes from the upper, granitic-rock watersheds of Los Angeles, San Gabriel, and Santa Ana Rivers. All major stream systems in the Area, except Santa Clara and Ventura Rivers, have carbon- ate type waters. Relatively small amounts of water draining from minor basins in hills within the central portions of the Los Angeles, San Gabriel and Santa Ana River Basins have moderate salinity, largely sulphates or chlorides. Analyses of representative surface waters of the South Coastal Area are listed in Table 51. 292 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Ground Waters Quality characteristics of surface waters of the South Coastal Area are reflected in ground water basins which these surface waters supply. Ground waters adjacent to the granitic mountains of the Area are remark- ably low in mineral solubles, whereas those near the central inter-basin hills have significantly higher concentrations. Table 52 presents analyses of representative ground waters in the Area. Ground waters in the Santa Clara and Ventura River Basins are similar to surface waters in those basins. In Ventura River Basin, boron content and salinity are low in Ojai Valley, higher in Ventura Valley above Foster Park, and generally excessive in lower Ventura Valley. In Santa Clara River Basin, ground waters of the Oxnard Plain and of Montalvo and Santa Paula Basins are of intermediate salinity, and boron ranges around 0.5 part per million. Ground waters in Fillmore and Piru Basins have somewhat higher salinity and boron content than those on the Oxnard Plain. This is contrary to the usual progressive increase of salinity in a downstream direction. Total salinity of ground waters in San Jacinto Valley varies materi- ally, and is generally higher than in most other ground water basins in the South Coastal Area. In the central coastal plain, between the high mountains and the ocean, there are numerous hills from which runoff has a somewhat higher salinity than runoff from the higher granitic-rock mountains. Since the amount of this runoff is small, it has only a local influence on ground waters. This local influence is found along the low divide between the Riverside and Temescal ground water basins, below the Puente Hills and along the foot of the Santa Ana Mountains, on both sides of the Santa Monica Mountains, and in the vicinity of Baldwin, Montebello, and Coyote Hills. Total solubles, boron, and percent sodium are low in uncontaminated waters in pressure areas (zones of confined ground water) on the coastal plains of Los Angeles and Orange Counties. How- ever, these high quality waters are subject to contamination from ad- jacent sea water, from overlying perched water of poor quality, and from wastes from oil fields and industries. Ground water basins in San Diego County are relatively small. They are narrow and shallow in the uplands, and near the ocean the usable underground storage is limited by threat of sea water intrusion. The last ten analyses in Table 51 are indicative of the quality of uncontami- nated ground waters in basins in San Diego County north of Tia Juana River. Low flow of the Tia Juana includes return water from irrigation in Mexico below Rodriguez Reservoir, and seepage from that reservoir. Quality of ground water in Tia Juana Valley in California varies widely from place to place, due in part to salts leached from the soil through heavy applications of water in Mexico and retained in various amounts in California. 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Os • oo d *"H l— 1 o t— 1 I— 1 CO >h o3 o 3 B 8.2 s$> o 6 s - CO ©) co co CO co 00 (N o o o o o o o OS CO ^ o CO o lO 00 os 00 00 oo CM o .a i d T3 w 03 CI o -1-3 CQ +3 CQ Ct» a CN CO g O CQ o CM % hJ t-t ^ l o *6 i 6 5? >> Cl •^ 00 ^3 p o O j» t- CN P4 O o bO Q Well nea o co CO ■i Hi d CQ 03 CQ WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 305 00 kO o 2.82 14% M b? o • ?- o CM Kp o 6 s - • OJ rH 1.75 10% 00 O^ o ^ b? 00 s - • »o O 1.86 20% • *o co "1 05 b$> 00 o^ rH i-t t2^ • CO rH -—l rH >s © kO • to CO ©? ^ b? CN t>- • to rH >-H "^ b? CD 6 s - CO 2 s - • io CN <3* »0 K? • -I Tt< ©} 50 b° • oo CO ©4 ^ b° • ?- CN ©? 2^ • to CO ©J rH vQ CD fcN • to CO <3$ CM kO Oi 6 s - • 00 co go © Kp • to CO ©) 1-1 b? CN ©} O Kp co tN b° CN s - • oo CN 1-1 •^ b$> lO s - • Go CN ©) CN kO id tN • i-( CN ©} b- kO 00 tN . ©J CO ©J rH jr, CO s - • Oi CN >-( r- kp O s - • ©j «* ©4 1.43 12.5% Tj< K© • OS i— 1 co s - . GO rH l-l co kp CN i>- • >- H rH >-H O K© • ©> rH i-l CD kO O i>- • ©i CD kO . Go rH >H © Kp co cb- • GO CM i-i 1.43 12.5% rH kO • to CO >-i lO Kp • Oi CN >-( O kO • to rH 1-1 O Kp CN i-, "* b£ • to CN i-i 2^ • oo CM >-i *° b° 00 s - • lo CN i-i © lO o CD CO CD CN 00 CO 00 CO CN o o CO CO "8 ►h" CO o b- M O ►H r-l b^ i CO rH CM CN oo co' »o o CO o CM iO o CM CO o CO CO i ■S 6 cq © ll 00 co to o CO M O HH >> Xi CM lO o (M co 03 HH o' © el o H cq co io o CO el o HH CM iO o CM CO 03 hH el © © CM CM CD *o o CD bfl & O HH >> Xt co co rH lO o CM CO -t^j 03 co d © (-1 © > Ph © "08 > es a 4 m 03 Ph tS o "© X co" 6 e^ © o o •■3 bfl w Q CO 00 rH CO OS "* rH rH *o Oi lO ^ "^ J> lO !> 00 00 l> l> b- 00 00 lO Tfi Tt< ^ ^ <* ^ ■* TJH ■* *o t- t- I> CM l> rH CM CM CM CM CN co CM 00 rH i-< rH rH co CO el 03 ►H J-3 © ^^ § e^ ■« © 306 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA CHAPTER VIII. CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In size and economic importance the Central Valley Area might well be termed the "Great Basin" of California. Abont 38 percent of the land surface and about 44 percent of the valley and mesa lands of the State are within this Area. In its mountains and foothills are forest, mineral, range, and recreational resources that combine with its ample water resources and extensive valley farmlands to give the Area its high place in the economy of California and the Nation. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION The Central Valley Area, designated Area No. 5 on Plate 2, com- prises all stream basins that drain into Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys upstream from the point of discharge of the Sacramento River into Suisun Bay between Collinsville, Solano County, and Pittsburg, Contra Costa County. The Area extends from the eastern end of the California-Oregon line southward to the Tehachapi Mountains, and from crests of the coastal ranges on the west to the crest of the Sierra Nevada on the east. It averages 120 miles in width, is more than 500 miles in length, and lies between latitudes 42° and 35° N. The northern portion embraces the watersheds of Sacramento River and its tributaries up to and including Goose Lake, which extends across the Oregon- California line. The southern portion includes watersheds of San Joaquin River and its tributaries, and all basins that at one time drained into the San Joaquin, such as Tulare Lake and Buena Vista Lake Basins, and drainage of the north slope of the Tehachapi Mountains. A wide range of topography is found in this Area — from the higher rugged peaks of the Sierra Nevada and the southern portion of the Cas- cade Range, to the low tule lands of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Mount Shasta, with an elevation of 14,161 feet, dominates the mountains on the north, and Mount Whitney, whose elevation is 14,496 feet, the mountains on the south. From the Feather River southward, the Sierra Nevada extend for nearly 400 miles, with much of the crest line reaching altitudes up to 12,000 feet or more. Variations in climate parallel these variations in topography. Separated from the ocean by the coastal ranges, climate of the main valley of the Central Valley Area is in significant contrast with that of interior and coastal valleys of the North Coastal, San Francisco Bay, and Central Coastal Areas that lie opposite it on the west. Maximum summer tem- peratures are higher and high temperatures last longer in the Central Valley. The climatic contrast is even greater between the main valleys and the high mountains of the Central Valley Area. STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Principal streams of the Central Valley Area are Sacramento River and its main tributaries. In order from the north these include McCloud, Pit, Feather, Yuba, Bear, and American Rivers which flow from the (307) 308 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Sierra Nevada, and Cottonwood, Stony, Cache, and Putah Creeks which drain the coastal ranges west of the Sacramento Valley. San Joaquin River flows into the Sacramento from the south and its principal tribu- taries, the Cosumnes, Mokelumne, Calaveras, Stanislaus, Tuolumne, and Merced Rivers, are all from the Sierra Nevada. Kings, Kaweah, Tule, and Kern Rivers also drain from the Sierra Nevada but into Tulare Lake, rather than northward into San Joaquin River. A portion of the flood flow of Kings River is tributary to San Joaquin River, by way of Fresno Slough, and in times past during periods of flood Tulare Lake has over- flowed into San Joaquin River. No large streams enter San Joaquin Valley from the coastal ranges. Areas of drainage basins in the Central Valley Area are listed in Table 53. PRECIPITATION It is difficult to generalize regarding precipitation of the Central Valley Area in terms of "light," "moderate," or "heavy." Storms sweeping in from the ocean over the coastal ranges and across the Central Valley are influenced by changes in elevation. As elevation is gained on the west slope of the coastal ranges precipitation increases. Inversely, it diminishes down the east slope. In general, little variation is registered as storms pass eastward across the Central Valley floor, but as they ascend the west slope of the Sierra Nevada precipitation again increases, reaching the maximum as the crest is approached. Then, as storms pass over the crest and down the east side, it again decreases. Heavy snowfall is a winter feature of the Sierra Nevada at eleva- tions above about 3,000 feet in the northern portions and above about 4,000 feet in the south. Its depths are exceeded in few parts of the United States. In March, 1907, and again in 1911, 308 inches of snow was meas- ured at Donner Summit. During the seasons of 1880 and 1890, as esti- mated from records of marks at stations on the transcontinental railroad crossing the Sierra Nevada, the fall was 370 inches. These figures are given for snow depths at time of measurement. Accretions during a sea- son have exceeded 800 inches at Tamarack, at an elevation of 8,000 feet in Alpine County. The Cascade Range on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington is the only area in the United States to record greater depths. Snow in measurable quantities on floors of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys is rare. Two hundred and ninety-nine precipitation stations with records of 10 years or more are being maintained in the Central Valley Area. They are listed in Table 54, together with mean, maximum and minimum sea- sonal precipitation. These stations are at elevations ranging from sea level to 8,000 feet. The longest record is for the station at Sacramento, which is unbroken since 1849. Precipitation stations in the Central Valley Area with continuous recorders are listed in Table 55. Stations with records of less than ten years are listed in Table 56. Precipitation in the Area decreases progressively from north to south. Mean seasonal rainfall on the floor of Sacramento Valley between the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Red Bluff varies in general from 15 inches to 25 inches. On the San Joaquin Valley floor, which is bounded by a seasonal isohyet of 15 inches, minimum seasonal precipitation of less than five inches may occur in the Tulare Lake and Buena Vista Lake sections. A minimum seasonal total of 0.57 inch was recorded at Rio WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 309 TABLE 53 AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, Central Valley Area, Including Goose Lake Basin") Stream or stream group basin Goose Lake Basin in California Sacramento River Basin Pit River Above gage near Canby From gage near Canby to gage near Ydalpom Above gage near Ydalpom McCloud River above gage at Baird Remainder of Sacramento River above Shasta Dam.. Above Shasta Dam West side tributaries, Shasta Dam to gage near Red Bluff East side tributaries, Shasta Dam to gage near Red Bluff Above gage near Red Bluff Minor Streams above valley floor (west side) From gage near Red Bluff to Stony Creek drainage. From Stony Creek drainage to Cache Creek drainage From Cache Creek drainage to mouth of Sacramento River Stony Creek above mouth of canyon Cache Creek Above gage near Lower Lake From gage near Lower Lake to gage near Capay From gage near Capay to gage at Yolo Above gage at Yolo Putah Creek (including Berryessa Valley) above gage near Winters Minor Streams above valley floor (east side) From gage near Red Bluff to Feather River drainage. From Feather River drainage to American River drainage Feather River, North Fork Above gage near PrattviJle Indian Creek above gage near Crescent Mills Remainder of North Fork above gage at Big Bar — Above gage at Big Bar Feather River, Middle Fork Above gage near Clio From gage near Clio to gage at Bidwell Bar Above gage at Bidwell Bar Feather River Remainder of Feather River above gage near Oro- ville Above gage near Oroville Yuba River above gage at Smartville Bear River above gage near Wheatland American River North Fork above gage near Colfax Middle Fork above gage near Auburn South Fork above gage at Coloma Remainder of American River above gage at Fair Oaks Above gage at Fair Oaks Sacramento River above valley floor Sacramento valley floor Total, Sacramento River ^...^.^^^.^ Mountains and foothills 97 653 2,426 3,079 571 610 4,260 893 940 6,093 533 478 143 611 322 487 30 839 488 1,054 613 285 610 651 1,546 414 653 1,067 311 2,924 1,194 278 343 619 632 307 1,901 17,149 17,149 Valley and mesa 315 777 1,490 2,267 114 8 2,389 429 347 3,165 65 99 170 73 68 311 89 222 136 41 399 285 1 286 2 687 17 20 20 4,453 4,946 9,397 Totals 412 1,430 3,916 5,346 685 618 6,649 1,322 1.287 9,258 533 543 143 710 492 560 98 1,150 577 1,054 613 507 746 692 1,945 699 654 1,353 313 3,611 1,194 295 343 619 632 327 1,921 21,602 4.946 26,54$ 310 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 53— Continued AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, Central Valley Area, Including Goose Lake Basin") Number on Plate 2 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 3-16 3-17 3-18 3-19 3-20 3-21 3-22 3-23 3-24 Stream or stream group basin San Joaquin River Basin — area tributary to Tulare Lake Minor streams above valley floor (east side) Including Grapevine Creek to Kern River drainage From Kern River drainage to Tule River drainage . From Tule River drainage to San Joaquin River drainage Kern River above gage near Bakersfield Tule River above Pioneer Ditch diversion Kaweah River above gage near Three Rivers Kings River above gage at Piedra Above valley floor (east side) tributary to Tulare Lake Above valley floor (west side) tributary to Tulare Lake Valley floor, tributary to Tulare Lake Total, area tributary to Tulare Lake San Joaquin River Basin — area tributary to San Joaquin River Minor streams above valley floor (east side) From San Joaquin River drainage to Stanislaus River drainage San Joaquin River above Friant Dam Fresno River above gage near Daulton Chowchilla River above gage at Buchanan Damsite - Merced River above gage at Exchequer Tuolumne River above gage near La Grange Stanislaus River above gage near Knight's Ferry Above valley floor (east side) tributary to San Joaquin River Above valley floor (west side) tributary to San Joa- quin R iver Valley floor, tributary to San Joaquin River Total area tributary to San Joaquin River San Joaquin River Basin — Area tributary to Delta Minor streams above valley floor (east side) From Stanislaus River drainage to American River drainage Calaveras River above gage at Jenny Lind Mokelumne River above gage near Clements Cosumnes River above gage at Michigan Bar Above valley floor (east side San Joaquin Valley) tribu- tary to Delta Above valley floor (west side San Joaquin Valley) tributary to Delta San Joaquin valley floor tributary to Delta Total, area (San Joaquin River Basin) tributary to Delta Total, San Joaquin River Basin TOTALS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA, IN- CLUDING GOOSE LAKE BASIN IN CALI- FORNIA Mountains and foothills 876 793 576 2,335 369 520 1,694 7,163 1,582 8,745 1,053 1,633 266 238 1,035 1,540 983 6,748 1,245 7,993 662 395 626 537 2,220 170 2,390 19,128 36,374 Valley and mesa 28 28 85 21 162 7,611 7,773 56 4 60 65 3,674 3,799 1,760 1,764 13,336 23,050 Totals 904 793 604 2,420 390 520 1,694 7,325 1,582 7,611 16,518 1,109 1,633 270 238 1,035 1,540 983 6,808 1,310 3,674 11,792 662 395 630 537 2,224 170 1,760 4,154 32,464 59,424 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 311 Bravo, at an elevation of 314 feet in Kern Comity, in 1928-29. The aver- age seasonal figure for that station is 4.35 inches. At other extreme, the maximum recorded seasonal precipitation in the Central Valley Area is 165.05 inches. This was recorded at La Porte, at an elevation of 5,000 feet in Plumas County, in 1910-11. The average seasonal figure at this station is 70.81 inches. Obviously, with such a wide variation in precipi- tation the 299 stations maintained are insufficient coverage for the 59,424 square miles in the Area. Data on maximum recorded rainfall intensities at Eed Bluff, Sacra- mento, and Fresno, as published by the United States Weather Bureau, are given in the following tabulation : MAXIMUM RECORDED RAINFALL, IN INCHES IN SPECIFIED MINUTE AND HOUR PERIODS, AT RED BLUFF, SACRAMENTO, AND FRESNO Precipitation station and date Minutes Hours 5 10 15 30 60 2 3 6 12 24 Red Bluff 0.48 6/23 1923 0.39 4/7 1935 0.48 2/24 1941 0.73 6/23 1923 0.62 4/7 1935 0.65 2/24 1941 0.76 6/23 1923 0.75 4/7 1935 0.88 6/14 1939 1.21 9/14 1918 0.97 4/7 1935 1.22 6/14 1939 2.14 9/14 1918 1.65 4/7 1935 1.36 6/14 1939 3.73 9/13 1918 2.62 4/7 1935 1.70 4/8 1926 4.53 9/13 1918 2.72 4/7 1935 1.70 4/8 1926 5.50 9/13 1918 5.94 9/13 1918 6.12 Month, day . Year... . . 9/13 1918 Sacramento* 7.24 Month, day._ 4/20 Year . 1880 Fresno. . Month, day Year.-- . .... 1.70 4/8 1926 2.07 10/6 1904 2.86 11/16 1900 * 4.58 inches in eight hours January 11, 1879; 6.35 inches in 16 hours, April 21, 1880. Monthly distribution of precipitation at 19 Central Valley Area stations considered representative in elevation and topographic environ- ment is shown by Table 57. Maximum and minimum precipitation figures shown are monthly extremes during the period of record. They emphasize the wide variation as between wet, dry, and normal seasons. Plates 38 and 39, "Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Central Valley Area, ' ' show graphically for eight of these stations the monthly distribu- tion of precipitation in maximum and minimum seasons of record. They also show monthly distribution during the season in which precipitation was nearest to the average seasonal total shown in Table 57. Mean seasonal precipitation on valley and mesa lands of the Central Valley Area for the period from 1897-98 to 1946-47 is estimated to have been 17,900,000 acre-feet, as shown in Table 58. Over three-fourths of the valley land of this Area is in the low-lying floor of the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys. Valley floor precipitation ranges from a light five inches seasonally at the southern end of the Central Valley, to a moderate 20 inches at the northern end. Most of the remaining valley land lies in high plateau regions in the northeasterly portion of the Area, where pre- cipitation ranges from about 15 inches to about 25 inches seasonally. 312 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54 MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-137 Tamarack Alpine 38° 119° 37' 57' 8,000 1900-01 1946-47 BC USWB 48.70 47.33 1906-07 1925-26 93.99 23.50 5-124 Twin Lakes. .. Alpine 38° 120° 42' 03' 7,920 1919-20 1946-47 B PGE 42.31 45.80 1937-38 1923-24 74.82 23.39 5-142 Dry Town Amador 38° 120° 27' 51' 790 1891-92 1905-06 BC USWB 29.99 22.80 1894-95 1897-98 39.94 16.35 5-145 Electra Amador 38° 120° 20' 40' 699 1904-05 1946-47 BC USWB 30.20 31.45 1906-07 1923-24 50.97 15.04 5-141 lone Amador 38° 120° 21' 56' 287 1878-79 1946-47 BC USWB 20.84 21.22 1936-37 1923-24 34.99 10.50 5-144 Jackson (near) Amador 38° 120° 24' 43' 1,900 1893-94 1902-03 BC USWB 34.74 25.11 1894-95 1897-98 50.10 19.53 5-143 Kennedy Mine Amador 38° 120° 21' 46' 1,500 1892-93 1946-47 BC USWB 29.95 28.45 1894-95 1923-24 54.07 13.26 5-147 Mill Creek No. 1 Amador 38° 120° 27' 30' 2,400 1907-08 1930-31 BC USWB 42.04 47.00 1910-11 1923-24 66.37 19.79 5-135 Oleta Amador 38° 120° 30' 45' 1,510 1891-92 1901-02 BC USWB 35.93 26.11 1894-95 1897-98 53.24 20.12 5-136 Salt Springs .. Amador 38° 120° 30' 12' 3,660 1928-29 1946-47 B PGE 42.28 45.48 1937-38 1930-31 60.35 26.09 5-148 Tiger Creek . . Amador 38° 120° 27' 29' 2,341 1931-32 1946-47 AB USWB 46.01 46.91 1937-38 1932-33 62.16 28.41 5-69 Biggs... Butte 39° 121° 25' 43' 98 1899-00 1915-16 B USWB 22.19 21.04 1913-14 1911-12 21.20 12.29 5-47 Centerville Powerhouse Butte 39° 121° 47' 40' 490 1914-15 1946-47 BC USWB 41.15 40.46 1940-41 1923-24 70.79 20.54 5-46 Chico Butte 39° 121° 42' 49' 189 1871-72 1946-47 BC USWB 24.38 25.13 1940-41 1887-88 45.79 12.97 5-34 De Sabla Butte. 39° 121° 52' 35' 2,700 1904-05 1946-47 BC USWB 60.89 59.59 1940-41 1923-24 99.06 26.84 5-60 Durham Butte 39° 121° 38' 48' 160 1895-96 1919-20 BC USWB 24.60 24.70 1913-14 1911-12 35.44 15.30 5-63 Forbestown... Butte. 39° 121° 32' 17' 2,800 1920-21 1937-38 B Private 62.09 65.38 1937-38 1923-24 105.35 29.67 5-70 Gridley Butte 39° 121° 22' 42' 97 1884-85 1946-47 BC USWB 24.58 24.00 1889-90 1897-98 47.00 12.34 5-27 Inskip Butte 40° 121° 00' 32' 4,818 1907-08 1946-47 ABC USWB 71.61 71.92 1937-38 1923-24 124.11 32.36 5-51 Intake Butte 39° 121° 43' 28' 920 1921-22 1937-38 BC PGE 47.75 50.46 1937-38 1923-24 74.33 23.13 5-49 Lake Wilenor. Butte 39° 121° 46' 32' 1,970 1931-32 1945-46 B T&TMID 53.67 48.55 1940-41 1938-39 83.85 29.85 5-50 Las Plumas... Butte 39° 121° 40' 29' 569 1914-15 1946-47 B USWB 45.43 45.89 1940-41 1923-24 77.50 20.72 5-59 Llano Seco Rancho Butte. 39° 121° 36' 57' 206 1917-18 1939-40 B Private 17.91 18.96 1937-38 1923-24 31.28 9.94 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 313 TABLE 54-Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-48 Magalia Butte 39° 121° 47' 35' 2,321 1904-05 1917-18 BC USWB 81.80 78.10 1908-09 1917-18 122.51 37.11 5-62 Oroville Butte 39° 121° 31' 33' 250 1884-85 1946-47 B USWB 27.36 27.27 1889-90 1930-31 49.64 14.71 5-61 Oroville (River Sta- tion) Butte 39° 121° 32' 34' 273 1908-09 1946-47 B USWB 26.53 27.16 1913-14 1911-12 43.42 14.31 5-71 Palermo Butte 39° 121° 26' 33' 213 1891-92 1913-14 BC USWB 17.53 23.29 1904-05 1897-98 32.77 10.94 5-45 Phelan Parrot Butte 39° 121° 45' 58' 130 1924-25 1946-47 B Private 20.04 20.49 1937-38 1932-33 34.93 12.97 5-72 Serriterre Butte 39° 121° 25' 28' 629 1920-21 1946-47 BCD USWB 29.10 29.76 1940-41 1923-24 44.08 15.79 5-52 Stan wood Butte. 39° 121° 43' 23' 2,140 1903-04 1919-20 BC USWB 64.83 63.30 1906-07 1911-12 97.78 32.32 5-35 Stirling City.. Butte 39° 121° 54' 31' 3,525 1903-04 1945-46 BC USWB 75.03 65.44 1906-07 1917-18 125.20 36.76 5-33 West Branch . Butte 39° 121° 59' 39' 3,216 1907-08 1943-44 BC USWB 68.79 68.03 1908-09 1923-24 115.35 33.13 5-174 Angels Camp No. 2 Calaveras .. 38° 120° 04' 32' 1,500 1908-09 1946-47 BC USWB 29.75 30.96 1910-11 1923-24 50.35 12.86 5-161 Calaveras Big Trees Calaveras .. 38° 120° 17' 18' 4,702 1929-30 1946-47 B Private 53.01 54.05 1937-38 1930-31 77.02 33.06 5-154 Camp Pardee. Calaveras .. 38° 120° 14' 50' 658 1929-30 1946-47 AB EBMUD 20.40 20.24 1935-36 1932-33 29.97 12.67 5-159 Fricot City... Calaveras .. 38° 120° 11' 32' 1,900 1918-19 1937-38 ABC USWB 26.79 28.85 1937-38 1923-24 41.41 14.64 5-172 Jenny Lind... Calaveras .. 38° 120° 06' 52' 300 1907-08 1946-47 BC USWB 17.81 19.31 1935-36 1923-24 28.87 8.81 5-155 Lancha Plana. Calaveras ._ 38° 120° 15' 51' 670 1926-27 1946-47 B USWB 20.47 20.87 1935-36 1932-33 29.92 12.72 5-160 Letora Ranch. Calaveras „ 30° 120° 12' 28' 1,600 1927-28 1940-41 B Private 33.50 34.21 1937-38 1930-31 53.76 19.28 5-173 Milton ... Calaveras „ 38° 120° 02' 51' 660 1888-89 1946-47 BC USWB 20.71 20.02 1894-95 1923-24 32.31 10.47 5-157 Mokelumne Hill Calaveras .. 38° 120° 18' 42' 1,550 1882-83 1946-47 BC USWB 30.65 29.75 1889-90 1923-24 54.59 13.33 5-175 Murphy's Calaveras _. 38° 120° 08' 28' 2,201 1868-69 1883-84 C Private 30.99 30.10 1875-76 1876-77 44.76 15.18 5-158 San Andreas. . Calaveras .. 38° 120° 11' 41' 996 1924-25 1946-47 BC USWB 26.09 26.76 1935-36 1923-24 38.76 15.68 5-156 Valley Springs Calaveras _. 38° 120° 11' 50' 673 1888-89 1937-38 BC USWB 22.98 21.55 1889-90 1923-24 38.15 10.08 5-153 Wallace Calaveras .. 38° 120° 11' 58' 200 1926-27 1946-47 B USWB 18.89 18.93 1935-36 1930-31 27.30 10.32 5-146 West Point. „ Calaveras .. 38° 120° 25' 32' 2,736 1894-95 1946-47 BC USWB 39.31 38.73 1894-95 1923-24 59.91 16.84 314 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mear Period of record i for— 1897- 1947 Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Season Inches 5-82 Colusa . Colusa .. 39° 122° 13' 00' 60 1871-72 1946-47 BC USWB 16.01 15.89 1940-41 1938-39 31.65 6.78 5-68 East Park Colusa .. . 39° 122° 22' 30' 1,205 1911-12 1946-47 BO USWB 17.79 17.92 1940-41 1938-39 42.43 5.64 5-67 Stonyford Ranger Station Colusa 39° 122° 22' 32' 1,200 1918-19 1945-46 B R. Sta. 23.03 23.45 1940-41 1938-39 48.64 6.96 5-96 Williams . Colusa 39° 122° 09' 09' 90 1849-50 1935-36 D CFA 20.23 16.78 1861-62 1850-51 44.27 7.42 5-166 Antioch.. Contra Costa 38° 121° 01' 49' 46 1879-80 1946-47 B USWB 12.55 12.28 1889-90 1897-98 24.57 5.30 5-165 Los Medanos Contra Costa 38° 121° 01' 51' 40 1914-15 1930-31 B SO Co. 11.26 11.99 1918-19 1923-24 17.29 5.64 5-110 Georgetown .. El Dorado ._ 38° 120° 55' 50' 2,060 1872-73 1946-47 ABC USWB 55.56 50.97 1889-90 1938-39 95.27 29.62 5-111 Pilot Creek. .. El Dorado __ 38° 120° 55' 41' 4,000 1894-95 1913-14 BC USWB 69.21 64.87 1903-04 1897-98 95.54 37.46 5-123 Placerville El Dorado __ 38° 120° 43' 47' 1,925 1874-75 1946-47 BC USWB 41.01 38.55 1889-90 1923-24 78.23 20.13 5-122 Shingle Springs El Dorado __ 38° 120° 40' 56' 1,415 1849-50 1911-12 BC USWB 34.47 30.04 1861-62 1897-98 79.24 14.60 5-263 Associated Oil No. 1 Fresno .. 36° 120° 09' 24' 825 1923-24 1935-36 B AOCo. 6.36 7.10 1934-35 1923-24 10.64 3.74 5-262 Associated Oil No. 2 Fresno.. 36° 120° 05' 29' 1,343 1923-24 1937-38 B AO Co. 9.88 9.95 1934-35 1923-24 14.60 4.35 5-261 Associated Oil No. 3 Fresno . 38° 120° 09' 38' 1,850 1923-24 1936-37 B AO Co. 16.69 18.00 1934-35 1923-24 26.00 8.00 5-250 Associated Oil No. 6 Fresno . .. 36° 120° 12' 24' 800 1923-24 1946-47 AB AO Co. 6.05 6.42 1940-41 1927-28 19.20 2.42 5-220 Auberry_ . . Fresno 37° 119° 06' 29' 2,050 1915-16 1946-47 BD USWB 24.38 24.37 1937-38 1923-24 45.02 13.64 5-229 Balch Power- house Fresno 36° 119° 53' 07' 1,750 1926-27 1946-47 B PGE 28.71 27.95 1937-38 1933-34 45.90 16.31 5-217 Big Creek Powerhouse No. 1 Fresno 37° 119° 14' 13' 4,928 1915-16 1946-47 B USWB 30.60 31.25 1937-38 1923-24 53.68 15.86 5-222 Cliff Camp... Fresno 37° 119° 00' 00' 6,150 1922-23 1946-17 BD USWB 37.13 36.15 1937-38 1923-24 63.31 16.26 5-228 Clovis__ Fresno. . 36° 119° 52' 42' 400 1917-18 1946-47 BD USWB 12.29 12.70 1937-38 1923-24 23.48 5.92 5-264 Coalinga. _. Fresno. 36° 120° 09' 21' 663 1912-13 1946-47 B USWB 7.06 6.25 1940-41 1912-13 14.83 3.42 5-251 Ooalinga (Standard Oil) Fresno. 36° 120° 14' 17' 800 1912-13 1930-31 B SO Co. 6.01 6.59 1914-15 1927-28 11.69 2.75 5-221 Dinky Meadow Fresno 37° 119° 03' 10' 5,440 1922-23 1934-35 B USWB 34.18 35.72 1934-35 1923-24 45.36 17.73 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 315 TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) Mean for— Maximum and No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-223 Firebaugh Fresno 36° 120° 51' 27' 175 1873-74 1946-47 BC USWB 7.74 8.45 1885-86 1876-77 18.84 2.24 5-233 Fresno Fresno. . - 36° 119° 44' 49' 277 1878-79 1946-47 ABC USWB 9.42 9.41 1940-41 1933-34 17.03 4.43 5-227 Friant Fresno 36° 119° 59' 42' 380 1897-98 1946-47 ABC USWB 13.16 13.16 1934-35 1907-08 21.66 7.53 5-237 Helm Fresno 36° 120° 32' 08' 185 1929-30 1942-43 B USWB 7.76 6.91 1940-41 1929-30 14.22 4.31 5-216 Huntington Lake Fresno 37° 119° 13' 14' 7,020 1915-16 1946-47 AB USWB 30.09 30.62 1937-38 1923-24 43.55 14.49 5-239 Kingsburg Fresno 36° 119° 31' 33' 309 1879-80 1931-32 BC USWB 8.59 8.69 1883-84 1881-82 15.85 4.74 5-231 Mendota (near) Fresno .. . 36° 120° 47' 22' 166 1894-95 1946-47 AB USWB 6.46 7.51 1900-01 1897-98 10.85 4.15 5-232 Mendota (Standard Oil) Fresno 36° 120° 45' 22' 177 1913-14 1930-31 B SO Co. 6.22 6.68 1914-15 1925-26 10.36 4.07 5-230 Mercey Hot Springs Fresno.. .. 36° 120° 45' 52' 1,200 1932-33 1942-43 B USWB 9.12 7.72 1940-41 1932-33 15.21 4.41 5-242 Orange Cove _ Fresno _ . 36° 119° 36' 18' 431 1931-32 1946-47 BCD USWB 14.37 13.40 1940-41 1933-34 21.91 6.82 5-236 Piedra . . . Fresno 36° 119 c 48' 22' 510 1918-19 1946-47 B USWB 16.79 16.94 1937-38 1923-24 28.37 7.46 5-240 Reedley . Fresno. . . 36° 119° 35' 25' 347 1899-00 1922-23 BC USWB 12.44 11.72 1904-05 1911-12 18.12 7.01 5-234 Sanger Fresno.. .. 36° 119° 42' 33' 371 1889-90 1914-15 BC USWB 10.90 10.36 1905-06 1890-91 17.79 6.23 5-238 Selma . Fresno . 36° 119° 34' 37' 311 1886-87 1914-15 BC USWB 9.13 8.98 1905-06 1897-98 15.23 3.96 5-252 Westhaven Fresno .. . 36° 119° 13' 59' 285 1926-27 1946-47 B USWB 7.01 6.89 1940-41 1927-28 14.65 4.17 5-56 Fruto Glenn... _ 39° 122° 35' 27' 624 1888-89 1910-11 BC USWB 21.58 19.86 1889-90 1897-98 38.04 8.32 5-44 Hamilton City Glenn. . 39° 122° 45' 00' 800 1927-28 1946-47 B USWB 16.78 18.81 1941-42 1932-33 28.12 9.47 5-58 Monroeville . . Glenn.. .. 39° 122° 38' 00' 130 1908-09 1926-27 B USWB 17.79 17.14 1913-14 1923-24 29.92 9.33 5-42 Orland Glenn.. . 39° 122° 45' 12' 254 1883-84 1946-47 BC USWB 17.95 17.97 1940-41 1897-98 41.44 7.89 5-43 Saint John Glenn . . 39° 122° 42' 01' 143 1912-13 1946-47 BC USWB 19.25 20.68 1940-41 1923-24 40.60 9.42 5-55 Stony Gorge Reservoir Glenn 39° 122° 35' 33' 800 1927-28 1946-47 ABC USWB 18.94 18.38 1940-41 1938-39 45.96 7.43 5-57 Willows. . -. Glenn.. . 39° 122° 31' 12' 136 1879-80 1946-47 BC USWB 16.78 16.97 1940-41 1897-98 40.59 6.58 5-272 Antelope Valley Kern . 35° 120° 43' 10' 1,205 1911-12 1941-42 BCD USWB 9.31 9.47 1940-41 1923-24 20.00 3.79 316 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-292 Arvin Kern 35° 118° 12' 49' 445 1936-37 1945-46 BC Private 9.14 7.28 1940-41 1945-46 15.30 5.23 5-287 Bakersfield 35° 119° 25' 03' 489 1886-87 1946-47 ABC USWB 6.07 6.22 1940-41 1933-34 11.61 2.26 5-294 Bear Valley .. Kern 35° 118° 10' 38' 4,400 1900-01 1945-46 BC USWB 19.95 19.30 1942-43 1917-18 33.24 9.05 5-284 Button Willow Kern 35° 119° 25' 27' 270 1928-29 1937-38 B UOCo. 4.31 3.99 1936-37 1933-34 7.00 1.93 5-293 Caliente Kern 35° 118° 17' 38' 1,290 1876-77 1942-43 BC USWB 11.85 11.81 1942-43 1878-79 21.28 3.16 5-299 Cummings Valley Kern 35° 118° 07' 36' 3,700 1931-32 1945-46 B USWB 17.03 15.00 1940-41 1933-34 25.82 3.85 5-274 Delano 35° 119° 47' 15' 319 1876-77 1909-10 BC USWB 6.44 7.90 1883-84 1879-80 11.52 1.41 5-289 Edison. Kern 35° 118° 23' 43' 2,500 1904-05 1945-46 B USWB 11.04 10.53 1905-06 1933-34 22.92 4.78 5-276 Glennville (near) Kern 35° 118° 44' 40' 3,270 1909-10 1946-47 AB USWB 20.36 19.61 1942-43 1933-34 32.00 10.15 5-283 Isabella 35° 118° 39' 27' 2,500 1897-98 1909-10 BC USWB 10.62 10.72 1908-09 1897-98 23.60 4.47 5-278 Junction Kern 35° 119° 38' 58' 703 1927-28 1946-47 AB Private 5.86 5.55 1936-37 1933-34 9.66 2.60 5-295 Keene Kern 35° 118° 13' 33' 2,705 1877-78 1909-10 BC USWB 13.86 16.96 1883-84 1878-79 24.25 5.23 5-249 Kern Canyon. Kern 35° 118° 26' 48' 700 1916-17 1946-47 B PGE 8.56 8.27 1940-41 1933-34 14.72 3.51 5-277 Kernville Kern 35° 118° 43' 26' 2,565 1894-95 1946-47 BC USWB 10.16 10.02 1908-09 1923-24 21.22 3.21 5-291 Lakeside Ranch Kern 35° 119° 11' 07' 293 1901-02 1928-29 C Private 5.26 5.54 1914-15 1903-04 8.61 3.18 5-279 Lost Hills Kern. 35° 119° 36' 41' 285 1913-14 1946-47 AB USWB 5.98 5.47 1940-41 1928-29 10.90 3.49 5-297 Maricopa Kern 35° 119° 04' 24' 640 1911-12 1946-47 BC USWB 5.89 5.67 1913-14 1933-34 10.40 1.66 5-286 Middlewater.. Kern 35° 119° 29' 17' 803 1911-12 1946-47 BC USWB 5.32 5.14 1914-15 1933-34 10.30 1.69 5-290 Midway (Stan- dard Oil) Kern 35° 119° 10' 28' 900 1912-13 1930-31 BD SOCo. 5.19 5.39 1914-15 1922-23 8.46 2.53 5-296 Midway (Union Oil) Kern 35° 119° 09' 29' 1,070 1930-31 1946-47 B UOCo. 5.59 4.89 1942-43 1933-34 10.69 1.35 5-273 Pond Kern 35° 119° 43' 20' 290 1915-16 1930-31 B SOCo. 5.56 6.26 1926-27 1923-24 7.90 3.21 5-285 Rio Bravo Kern 35° 119° 23' 18' 314 1924-25 1946-47 AB UOCo. 4.35 4.04 1940-41 1928-29 9.65 0.57 5-301 San Emigdio.. Kern 34° 119° 59' 11' 1,450 1901-02 1946-47 AB KCLCo. 8.87 8.52 1914-15 1933-34 16.10 1.83 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 317 TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-300 Tehachapi Kern .. 35° 118° 08' 27' 3,960 1877-78 1946-47 AB USWB 11.01 10.77 1885-86 1898-99 20.89 3.70 5-298 Tejon Rancho Kern . 35° 118° 02' 45' 1,425 1893-94 1946-47 B USWB 11.73 11.59 1934-35 1933-34 21.35 3.97 5-281 U. S. Cotton Field Kern.. 35° 119° 32' 18' 390 1922-23 1946-47 AB Private 6.18 5.95 1940-41 1933-34 11.45 2.86 5-288 Wait Kern.. 35° 119° 25' 03' 475 1912-13 1930-31 B SOCo. 5.85 6.17 1914-15 1923-24 10.70 3.38 5-280 Wasco .. Kern 35° 119° 36' 21' 336 1899-00 1946-47 B USWB 6.45 6.31 1914-15 1923-24 13.50 3.25 5-265 Corcoran Kings 36° 119° 06' 33' 200 1912-13 1946-47 AB USWB 6.53 7.01 1914-15 1923-24 10.76 3.78 5-269 Dudley.. . .. Kings 35° 120° 50' 03' 685 1912-13 1938-39 BC USWB 6.74 6.48 1936-37 1928-29 12.31 2.98 5-254 Hanford Kings 36° 119° 19' 38' 249 1899-00 1946-47 BCD USWB 8.54 8.42 1940-41 1933-34 14.33 3.27 5-253 Lemoore Kings . .. 36° 119° 18' 47' 227 1879-80 1946-47 AB Private 9.91 9.33 1885-86 1897-98 17.31 2.90 5-103 Clear Lake Lake. 38° 122° 57' 38' 1,350 1911-12 1946-47 B USWB 22.87 22.53 1940-41 1917-18 48.65 12.19 5-112 Helen Mine .. Lake.. ... 38° 122° 44' 42' 2,760 1900-01 1921-22 B USWB 86.30 82.73 1908-09 1919-20 126.29 45.23 5-102 Hobergs.. . Lake.. 38° 122° 50' 44' 3,350 1930-31 1946-47 B USWB 58.22 59.04 1937-38 1930-31 112.50 32.10 5-101 Kelseyville Lake. . 38° 122° 59' 50' 1,390 1932-33 1946-47 B USWB 23.43 22.02 1940-41 1938-39 39.49 11.77 5-95 Kono Tayee.. Lake.. 39° 122° 00' 48' 1,350 1874-75 1903-04 BC USWB 23.10 24.04 1877-78 1876-77 37.33 12.08 5-94 Lakeport Lake 39° 122° 03' 55' 1,450 1901-02 1946-47 B USWB 28.22 27.90 1940-41 1923-24 47.17 14.09 5-113 Lundquist Lake . 38° 122° 45' 37' 1,150 1923-24 1937-38 B Private 42.77 46.01 1937-38 1923-24 81.66 19.75 5-81 Upper Lake - _ Lake 39° 122° 11' 55' 1,343 1886-87 1946-47 BC USWB 30.28 29.79 1940-41 1886-87 58.05 14.80 5-8 Bieber .. Lassen 41° 121° 07' 08' 4,169 1930-31 1946-47 AB USWB 16.92 16.37 1937-38 1938-39 28.32 9.10 5-9 Madeline Lassen 41° 120° 03' 28' 5,280 1908-09 1932-33 ABC USWB 13.63 12.78 1913-14 1932-33 31.70 4.05 5-23 Westwood Lassen 40° 121° 18' 00' 5,080 1921-22 1946-47 ABC USWB 24.29 24.25 1937-38 1938-39 35.36 11.54 5-226 Borden Madera 36° 120° 56' 01' 274 1875-76 1894-95 C USWB 8.74 8.85 1885-86 1876-77 18.27 3.52 5-219 Chowchilla Madera 37° 120° 05' 27' 150 1887-88 1937-38 B Private 9.73 9.84 1889-90 1923-24 16.11 4.23 5-214 Crane Valley Dam Madera 37° 119° 17' 31' 3,500 1903-04 1946-47 BC PGE 40.68 40.09 1937-38 1923-24 69.39 18.37 318 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-225 Madera .. Madera 36° 120° 58' 02' 296 1899-00 1946-47 B USWB 10.01 9.87 1940-41 1923-24 19.77 5.49 5-215 North Fork... Madera 37° 119° 14' 30' 3,000 1904-05 1945-46 ABC USWB 34.35 32.96 1937-38 1923-24 60.59 14.99 5-224 Storey . . . Madera 36° 120° 58' 04' 296 1899-00 1926-27 BD USWB 9.15 9.10 1915-16 1923-24 15.24 5.49 5-191 Dudley's .. . Mariposa... 37° 120° 45' 06' 3,000 1909-10 1946-47 BC USWB 37.33 36.63 1910-11 1923-24 57.18 18.41 5-203 Hornitos . Mariposa. ._ 37° 120° 30' 14' 950 1923-24 1946-47 AB Private 17.56 17.75 1934-35 1923-24 26.98 9.25 5-204 Mariposa. . Mariposa. .. 37° 119° 30' 58' 1,800 1894-95 1946-47 BCD USWB 29.27 29.06 1910-11 1923-24 46.81 12.90 5-209 Summerdale.. Mariposa... 37° 119° 29' 38' 5,270 1896-97 1911-12 BC USWB 55.12 56.70 1900-01 1897-98 85.46 29.34 5-193 Yosemite.. .. Mariposa.. . 37° 119° 45' 35' 3,985 1904-05 1946-47 ABC USWB 34.54 33.97 1937-38 1923-24 58.64 14.77 5-212 Athlone.. . . Merced 37° 120° 12' 21' 205 1886-87 1896-97 BC USWB 11.54 12.74 1889-90 1887-88 19.07 6.81 5-213 La Grande Merced 37° 120° 14' 14' 255 1899-00 1946-47 BCD USWB 12.63 12.43 1940-41 1907-08 20.81 4.87 5-208 Livingston Merced 37° 120° 23' 43' 130 1918-19 1937-38 B Private 10.99 10.94 1937-38 1923-24 18.10 5.00 5-218 Los Banos Merced 37° 120° 04' 50' 120 1873-74 1946-47 BC USWB 8.31 8.61 1940-41 1876-77 14.80 1.60 5-211 Merced Merced 37° 120° 19' 29' 170 1872-73 1946-47 AB USWB 11.29 11.68 1883-84 1876-77 22.08 3.20 5-202 Merced Falls . Merced 37° 120° 32' 20' 351 1907-08 1946-47 BC USWB 15.27 15.16 1934-35 1923-24 22.45 8.20 5-201 Snelling. . Merced 37° 120° 31' 26' 259 1882-83 1937-38 B Private 14.81 14.62 1889-90 1912-13 29.99 7.27 5-1 Alturas Modoc 41° 120° 29' 32' 4,346 1904-05 1946-47 AB USWB 12.51 12.19 1937-38 1938-39 19.52 7.54 5-5 Jess Valley Modoc .. . 41° 120° 14' 19' 5,400 1930-31 1945-46 B USWB 16.90 16.77 1937-38 1930-31 24.44 9.56 5-125 Aetna Springs Napa 38° 122° 39' 29' 860 1924-25 1938-39 B Private 32.18 33.38 1937-38 1938-39 58.02 5.91 5-126 Monticello Napa ... . 38° 122° 36' 13' 350 1913-14 1946-47 B Private 21.78 21.12 1940-41 1923-24 41.67 6.30 5-78 Bowman Dam Nevada 39° 120° 27' 39' 5,347 1871-72 1946-47 ABC USWB 69.13 66.50 1903-04 1887-88 142.07 29.40 5-86 Deer Creek.. . Nevada 39° 120° 18' 50' 3,700 1907-08 1946-47 BC USWB 65.11 67.46 1937-38 1923-24 103.98 28.89 5-80 Fordyce Dain. Nevada 39° 120° 23' 30' 6,500 1894-95 1928-29 ABC USWB 67.10 64.47 1894-95 1923-24 116.52 35.78 5-83 Grass Valley.. Nevada 39° 121° 13' 03' 2,690 1872-73 1946-47 BCD USAVB 52.10 52.62 1889-90 1923-24 89.82 24.55 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 319 TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-79 Lake Spaulding Nevada 39° 120° 20' 39' 5,075 1894-95 1946-47 BCD USWB 66.33 65.31 1903-04 1923-24 102.56 31.39 5-84 Nevada City . Nevada 39° 121° 16' 01' 2,570 1863-64 1946-47 BCD USWB 51.63 48.74 1867-68 1863-64 115.26 17.28 5-77 North Bloorafield Nevada 39° 120° 22' 54' 3,160 1870-71 1943-44 BC USWB 50.11 51.11 1906-07 1923-24 77.84 21.47 5-92 Soda Springs . Nevada 39° 120° 19' 23' 6,752 1930-31 1946-47 AB USWB 47.96 48.96 1937-38 1930-31 67.91 26.23 5-109 Auburn Placer 38° 121° 55' 05' 1,363 1871-72 1946-47 BC USWB 33.45 33.12 1906-07 1911-12 56.73 12.63 5-89 Blue Canyon . Placer 39° 120° 17' 42' 5,283 1899-00 1946-47 AB USWB 58.39 57.60 1906-07 1923-24 100.47 28.04 5-91 Cisco Placer 39° 120° 18' 33' 5,939 1870-71 1915-16 BC USWB 51.31 47.22 1889-90 1874-75 97.63 28.19 5-99 Colfax . Placer 39° 120° 06' 58' 2,421 1870-71 1946-47 BC USWB 46.34 46.22 1889-90 1923-24 89.80 20.44 5-88 Drum Forebay Placer. 39° 120° 16' 46' 4,563 1916-17 1939-40 B PGE 52.18 55.56 1937-38 1923-24 90.86 25.56 5-90 Emigrant Gap Placer 39° 120° 18' 39' 5,220 1870-71 1944-45 ABC USWB 52.54 52.52 1906-07 1874-75 94.30 17.35 5-85 Gold Run Placer 39° 120° 10' 53' 3,222 1899-00 1918-19 BC USWB 51.09 48.65 1903-04 1907-08 77.55 28.06 5-100 Iowa Hill Placer ._ __ 39° 120° 05' 50' 2,825 1879-80 1909-10 BC USWB 52.54 48.93 1889-90 1897-98 91.04 29.47 5-108 Newcastle Placer.. _ 38° 121° 52' 08' 970 1891-92 1938-39 BC USWB 32.14 28.38 1906-07 1938-39 48.05 16.63 5-120 Rocklin.. _. Placer . 38° 121° 48' 15' 239 1870-71 1946-47 BC USWB 22.39 23.14 1906-07 1923-24 38.63 10.42 5-119 Roseville High School Placer. 38° 121° 45' 17' 160 1926-27 1946-47 B Private 17.53 17.12 1940-41 1938-39 24.88 10.78 5-93 Summit- . Placer. .. 39° 120° 19' 20' 7,017 1871-72 1925-26 BC USWB 45.59 45.36 1879-80 1923-24 80.10 20.76 5-87 Towle Placer 39° 120° 12' 48' 3,704 1889-90 1919-20 BC USWB 59.32 59.12 1913-14 1897-98 85.86 33.29 5-37 Buck's Lake.. Plumas 39° 121° 54' 12' 5,000 1930-31 1946-47 ABC PGE 64.04 69.57 1940-41 1930-31 95.70 28.36 5-21 Canyon Dam Plumas 40° 121° 11' 12' 4,570 1907-08 1946-47 BCD USWB 35.08 36.14 1937-38 1923-24 64.59 14.52 5-27 Caribou Plumas 40° 121° 05' 09' 3,000 1922-23 1945-46 BC PGE 37.93 40.26 1937-38 1923-24 66.84 14.55 5-20 Chester.. Plumas 40° 121° 19' 13' 4,550 1910-11 1946-47 B USWB 29.02 28.73 1940-41 1923-24 48.91 12.98 5-38 Edmonton Plumas 39° 121° 54' 06' 4,750 1877-78 1904-05 BC USWB 73.25 74.12 1889-90 1897-98 139.15 42.04 5-39 Feather River Plumas 39° 120° 58' 56' 3,483 1913-14 1937-38 B Private 30.28 32.67 1913-14 1930-31 50.96 15.76 320 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-40 Feather River (Calif. Forestry) Plumas 39° 120° 58' 56' 3,480 1913-14 1946-47 BC F&RESB 31.51 32.94 1913-14 1930-31 50.96 15.76 5-29 Greenville Plumas 40° 120° 08' 57' 3,600 1894-95 1945-46 BC USWB 42.89 37.77 1906-07 1911-12 67.34 22.61 5-53 La Porte Plumas 39° 120° 41' 59' 5,000 1894-95 1932-33 BC USWB 70.81 72.68 1910-11 1923-24 165.05 29.52 5-54 Portola. Plumas 39° 120° 48' 28' 5,000 1915-16 1946-47 AB USWB 17.16 18.02 1937-38 1923-24 29.44 6.17 5-22 Prattville Plumas 40° 121° 13' 10' 4,600 1923-24 1946-47 BC PGE 34.12 36.23 1937-38 1923-24 59.71 14.24 5-41 Quincy Plumas 39° 120° 56' 55' 3,409 1895-96 1945-46 BC USWB 39.66 39.22 1906-07 1911-12 73.22 20.25 5-36 Storrie Plumas 39° 121° 54' 20' 1,760 1929-30 1946-47 BC PGE 64.61 63.93 1937-38 1938-39 103.02 36.65 5-30 Veramont Plumas 40° 120° 06' 50' 3,500 1920-21 1945-46 B PGE 31.77 33.01 1937-38 1923-24 52.43 14.54 5-132 Brighton Sacramento 38° 121° 33' 26' 53 1877-78 1898-99 BC USWB 16.59 13.48 1889-90 1881-82 28.44 9.22 5-133 Florin Sacramento 38° 121° 30' 24' 42 1925-26 1946-47 AB Private 17.08 16.71 1940-41 1938-39 26.92 9.99 5-134 Folsom Sacramento 38° 121° 39' 10' 252 1871-72 1946-47 BC USWB 23.91 23.70 1889-90 1876-77 43.31 10.19 5-150 Gait Sacramento 38° 121° 15' 18' 49 1878-79 1932-33 BC USWB 17.72 17.65 1889-90 1923-24 33.60 8.75 5-121 Represa Sacramento 38° 121° 41' 10' 305 1893-94 1944-45 BC USWB 24.31 23.94 1906-07 1923-24 43.12 11.54 5-131 Sacramento... Sacramento 38° 121° 35' 30' 69 1849-50 1946-47 ABC USWB 18.08 16.37 1852-53 1850-51 36.35 4.71 5-244 Idria San Benito 36° 120° 25' 40' 3,000 1918-19 1946-47 BC USWB 15.26 15.64 1940-41 1919-20 35.74 6.46 5-171 Bellota San Joaquin 38° 121° 03' 00' 130 1911-12 1928-29 BC USWB 17.38 18.59 1913-14 1923-24 25.02 9.57 5-149 Benson's Ferry San Joaquin 38° 121° 14' 23' 17 1913-14 1946-47 BC USWB 14.97 15.20 1913-14 1923-24 24.71 8.36 5-151 Elliott San Joaquin 38° 121° 15' 12' 85 1926-27 1946-47 B USWB 16.35 16.65 1940-41 1930-31 23.76 10.06 5-177 Farmington... San Joaquin 37° 120° 55' 59' 111 1877-78 1946-47 BC USWB 15.46 15.21 1889-90 1911-12 24.83 7.93 5-188 Lathrop San Joaquin 37° 121° 48' 19' 27 1897-98 1946-47 BC USWB 10.94 11.43 1940-41 1897-98 16.49 3.96 5-152 Lockeford San Joaquin 38° 121° 10' 09' 106 1926-27 1946-47 AB Private 15.94 16.24 1936-37 1930-31 23.04 9.96 5-169 Lodi San Joaquin 38° 121° 08' 16' 50 1888-89 1946-47 BC USWB 17.75 15.05 1889-90 1897-98 33.45 9.30 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 321 TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-170 Lodi No. 2 ... San Joaquin 38° 121° 08' 16' 50 1912-13 1928-29 BC USWB 15.75 16.61 1915-16 1912-13 22.22 8.23 5-176 Stockton San Joaquin 37° 121° 57' 19' 15 1867-68 1946-47 ABC USWB 14.12 14.10 1906-07 1923-24 22.49 6.81 5-187 Tracy San Joaquin 37° 121° 44' 27' 54 1879-80 1944-45 BC USWB 9.67 9.55 1889-90 1916-17 21.92 4.59 5-168 Willms San Joaquin 38° 121° 08' 17' 45 1920-21 1937-38 B Private 16.91 18.15 1937-38 1930-31 22.88 11.12 5-6 Big Bend Shasta.. .. 41° 121° or 55' 2,000 1927-28 1937-38 B Private 60.98 65.70 1937-38 1930-31 101.39 36.14 5-12 Churn Creek . Shasta 40° 122° 40' 25' 900 1915-16 1926-27 BC USWB 26.35 28.73 1920-21 1923-24 37.83 13.99 5-10 Delta Shasta 40° 122° 56' 56' 1,138 1882-83 1920-21 BC USWB 63.72 63.59 1889-90 1887-88 124.47 25.50 5-7 Fall River Mill Shasta . . 41° 121° 01' 28' 3,340 1923-24 1946-47 B USWB 18.48 18.82 1937-38 1938-39 30.08 10.42 5-15 Hat Creek Shasta.. . 40° 121° 46' 30' 3,400 1921-22 1946-47 B USWB 17.25 17.72 1942-43 1923-24 27.00 9.54 5-13 Kennett . .. Shasta . .. 40° 122° 44' 24' 661 1907-08 1941-42 BC USWB 61.72 64.18 1940-41 1923-24 112.76 19.47 5-14 Kilare Fore- bay Shasta 40° 121° 40' 51' 3,840 1921-22 1937-38 B PGE 38.38 43.94 1937-38 1923-24 61.37 21.87 5-11 Montgomery Creek Shasta 40° 121° 51' 56' 2,180 1908-09 1918-19 BC USWB 54.08 53.58 1908-09 1916-17 73.35 36.90 5-17 Redding Shasta . 40° 122 c 35' 24' 718 1875-76 1946-47 ABC USWB 37.79 37.76 1940-41 1897-98 68.87 15.66 5-16 Shasta Shasta 40° 122° 36' 29' 1,049 1895-96 1911-12 BC USWB 53.80 50.91 1903-04 1897-98 78.60 25.37 5-18 Volta Shasta.. .. 40° 121° 26' 52' 2,200 1919-20 1946-47 ABC USWB 31.93 31.43 1940-41 1938-39 51.21 18.28 5-64 Downieville... Sierra 39° 120° 34' 50' 2,460 1908-09 1946-47 AB USWB 59.36 60.30 1913-14 1923-24 85.15 25.78 5-65 Sierraville Sierra 39° 120° 35' 22' 4,975 1909-10 1946-47 ABC USWB 23.39 24.23 1913-14 1923-24 43.80 8.23 5-3 Dunsmuir Siskiyou 41° 122° 13' 16' 2,285 1889-90 1937-38 BC USWB 51.13 49.87 1889-90 1919-20 119.02 18.87 5-4 McCloud Siskiyou 41° 122° 15' 08' 3,270 1910-11 1946-47 AB USWB 46.02 48.25 1940-41 1923-24 87.30 16.27 5-2 Mt. Shasta Siskiyou 41° 122° 19' 19' 3,550 1888-89 1946-47 ABC USWB 34.75 34.44 1889-90 1923-24 73.47 13.85 5-139 Dixon Solano 38° 121° 27' 50' 79 1924-25 1946-47 A Private 17.28 17.56 1940-41 1938-39 35.11 7.07 5-167 Rio Vista Solano 38° 121° 09' 41' 22 1893-94 1946-47 BC USWB 17.24 16.98 1940-41 1923-24 27.34 8.10 11 — 27922 322 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-138 Vacaville .. . Solano 38° 122° 21' 00' 175 1880-81 1946-47 BC USWB 25.47 24.24 1889-90 1938-39 50.05 9.90 5-206 Crows Landing Stanislaus- _ 37° 121° 24' 06' 115 1899-00 1928-29 BD WSID 10.17 9.88 1906-07 1923-24 17.91 4.66 5-196 Denair Stanislaus. . 37° 120° 33' 47' 126 1899-00 1946-47 BC USWB 10.99 10.79 1937-38 1916-17 18.66 4.80 5-198 Hickman Stanislaus. . 37° 121° 37' 45' 165 1914-15 1925-26 B MID 11.67 12.27 1921-22 1923-24 16.58 5.12 5-200 La Grange Stanislaus.. 37° 120° 39' 28' 298 1868-69 1931-32 B USWB 16.44 17.10 1889-90 1876-77 30.34 5.74 5-195 Modesto Stanislaus. . 37° 121° 39' 00' 90 1871-72 1946-47 B USWB 11.02 11.37 1906-07 1912-13 19.04 3.58 5-190 Montepellier.. Stanislaus. . 37° 120° 33' 42' 225 1903-04 1926-27 B Private 12.51 13.66 1905-06 1923-24 18.95 5.49 5-210 Newman ... Stanislaus. . 37° 121° 19' 02' 91 1889-90 1946-47 BCD USWB 10.35 10.02 1889-90 1923-24 23.67 4.16 5-178 Oakdale Stanislaus.. 37° 120° 51' 53' 215 1880-81 1942-43 BC USWB 14.00 13.86 1906-07 1912-13 22.62 6.42 5-205 Patterson Stanislaus. . 37° 121° 28' 08' 100 1912-13 1930-31 B SOCo. 9.60 9.84 1914-15 1923-24 15.21 3.86 5-207 Turlock Stanislaus. _ 37° 120° 29' 49' 105 1893-94 1943-44 BC USWB 11.98 11.83 1906-07 1897-98 17.38 5.38 5-197 Waterf ord Stanislaus. . 37° 120° 38' 45' 160 1903-04 1928-29 B Private 12.95 14.03 1906-07 1923-24 18.92 4.91 5-194 Westley ... Stanislaus.. 37° 121° 33' 12' 90 1889-90 1917-18 BC USWB 10.68 10.53 1913-14 1912-13 17.23 3.96 5-107 Nicolaus Sutter 38° 121° 54' 35' 46 1912-13 1946-47 BCD USWB 17.77 18.32 1940-41 1912-13 32.46 7.07 5-106 Robbins.. Sutter 38° 121° 52' 43' 20 1922-23 1940-41 BC SBCo. 17.18 16.81 1940-41 1930-31 31.93 9.51 5-31 Corning Ob- server Tehama 39° 122° 50' 08' 275 1880-81 1946-47 AB Private 21.06 20.18 1940-41 1897-98 46.34 9.11 5-26 Los Molinos.. Tehama 40° 122° 01' 06' 215 1924-25 1945-46 B Private 20.33 22.07 1937-38 1932-33 31.83 12.52 5-19 Mineral . Tehama 40° 121° 21' 36' 4,850 1929-30 1946-47 A USWB 48.78 49.95 1937-38 1938-39 84.57 23.75 y 5-24 Red Bluff.... Tehama 40° 122° 09' 15' 341 1877-78 1946-47 ABC USWB 23.96 23.09 1877-78 1919-20 53.26 11.27 5-25 Tehama . Tehama 40° 121° 02' 08' 220 1871-72 1915-16 AB USWB 20.21 19.21 1892-93 1874-75 51.98 5.95 5-32 Vina-Stanford Tehama 39° 122° 56' 03' 150 1916-17 1944-45 B Private 21.36 22.83 1940-41 1923-24 46.80 9.84 5-270 Angiola Tulare 35° 119° 59' 29' 208 1899-00 1945-46 BC USWB 1 7.47 7.28 1940-41 1902-03 12.59 3.15 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 323 TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — . Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-248 Ash Moun- tain Tulare 36° 118° 29' 50' 1,600 1925-26 1946-47 BC USWB 26.56 25.36 1937-38 1933-34 41.17 13.18 5-241 Dinuba . Tulare 36° 119° 33' 23' 333 1909-10 1944-45 BC USWB 11.09 11.76 1934-35 1923-24 17.55 5.12 5-243 Giant Forest. . Tulare 36° 118° 34' 46' 6,360 1921-22 1946-47 ABC USWB 42.61 40.77 1937-38 1923-24 65.70 21.88 5-245 Goshen Tulare 36° 119° 21' 26' 286 1879-80 1899-00 BC USWB 7.83 7.62 1883-84 1897-98 12.46 2.79 5-267 Hill's Orchard Tulare 36° 118° 01' 57' 700 1924-25 1946-47 B Private 10.89 10.73 1936-37 1933-34 19.03 5.90 5-282 Hot Springs .. Tulare 35° 118° 33' 40' 3,300 1907-08 1934-35 BC USWB 23.24 24.40 1908-09 1933-34 38.59 12.88 5-246 Lemon Cove.. Tulare 36° 119° 23' 01' 600 1899-00 1946-47 BCD USWB 14.59 14.40 1905-06 1923-24 27.58 6.24 5-258 Lindsay. . . Tulare 36° 119° 13' 06' 384 1914-15 1946-47 BCD USWB 11.01 10.87 1940-41 1923-24 18.08 4.94 5-259 Milo Tulare 36° 118° 13' 49' 1,600 1898-99 1921-22 BC USWB 22.21 21.84 1905-06 1911-12 42.06 13.65 5-266 Porterville Tulare 36° 119° 03' 01' 464 1889-90 1946-47 BC USWB 10.39 10.50 1905-06 1923-24 17.90 5.27 5-275 Sierra Vista Ranch Tulare 35° 119° 48' 11' 404 1926-27 1946-47 B Private 8.11 7.74 1940-41 1946-47 14.13 3.78 5-260 Springville Tulare 36° 118° 12' 39' 4,050 1908-09 1946-47 B PGE 36.34 35.70 1915-16 1912-13 62.65 14.29 5-268 Springville Ranger Station Tulare 36° 118° 08' 48' 1,050 1924-25 1946-47 AB USWB 16.92 17.03 1936-37 1933-34 29.17 9.02 5-271 Terra Bella... Tulare 35° 119° 58' 03' 490 1924-25 1946-47 AB Private 8.85 8.45 1937-38 1929-30 14.49 4.74 5-247 Three Rivers . Tulare 36° 118° 28' 51' 1,190 1909-10 1946-47 ABC USWB 20.08 20.14 1937-38 1923-24 32.05 8.19 5-256 Tulare Tulare 36° 119° 12' 21' 289 1874-75 1920-21 BC USWB 8.35 9.13 1905-06 1878-79 14.78 3.07 5-255 Tulare (near) Tulare 36° 119° 12' 22' 274 1893-94 1908-09 BC USWB 9.13 8.92 1905-06 1897-98 13.97 5.13 5-257 Visalia.. ... Tulare . 36° 119° 19' 18' 334 1877-78 1946-47 BCD USWB 9.87 9.72 1937-38 1878-79 16.60 3.95 5-192 Crockers Tuolumne.. 37° 119° 48' 54' 4,452 1896-97 1909-10 BC USWB 55.08 49.27 1905-06 1897-98 83.54 31.37 5-184 Early Intake . Tuolumne. . 37° 119° 52' 58' 2,356 1925-26 1946-47 B SFPUC 32.81 33.65 1937-38 1930-31 52.39 21.09 5-183 Groveland Tuolumne. . 37° 120° 50' 13' 1,400 1929-30 1944-45 BC USWB 35.63 35.65 1937-38 1930-31 57.23 20.76 5-186 Hetch Hetchy Tuolumne.. 37° 119° 56' 47' 4,050 1911-12 1946-47 ABC USWB 33.09 34.93 1937-38 1923-24 55.62 17.03 324 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Plate 3 5-182 5-180 5-185 5-179 5-189 5-190 5-181 5-163 5-164 5-114 5-115 5-140 5-130 5-105 5-116 5-104 5-118 5-129 5-127 5-128 5-117 Name of station Jacksonville Jamestown Lake Eleanor Melones. Moccasin . Priest. 5-162 Sand Bar. County Sonora. Spring Gap... Strawberry Dam Brooks Capay Clarksburg. Davis Dunnigan. Esparto. .. Guinda Knights Landing Stites Ranch. West Winters. Winters Yolo Tuolumne.. Tuolumne. . Tuolumne. . Tuolumne.. Tuolumne.. Tuolumne. . Tuolumne. . Tuolumne. . Tuolumne.. Tuolumne. Yolo Latitude and longitude Yolo. Yolo. Yolo- Yolo. Yolo. Yolo. Yolo. Yolo. Yolo. Woodland.. Yolo. 37° 51' 120° 22' 37° 57' 120° 55' 37° 57' 119° 53' 37° 58' 120° 31' 37° 49' 120° 18' 37° 49' 120° 16' 38° 11' 120° 09' 37° 58' 120° 24' 38° 11' 120° 06' 38° 11' 119° 59' 38° 44' 122° 09' 38° 42' 122° 07' 38° 25' 121° 32' 38° 33' 121° 45' 38° 53' 121° 58' 38° 42'. 122° 01' 38° 50' 122° 12' 38° 48' 121° 43' 38° 38' 121° 57' 38° 31' 122° 02' 38° 31' 121° 58' 38° 41' 121° 46' Ele- va- tion, feet 700 1,471 4,650 741 950 2,245 2,700 1,825 4,875 5,620 350 300 14 54 65 192 350 35 70 150 140 63 Period of record 1907-08 1916-17 1903-04 1914-15 1910-11 1946-47 1907-08 1926-27 1935-36 1946-47 1928-29 1946-47 1922-23 1938-39 1887-88 1946-47 1922-23 1939-40 1922-23 1946-47 1921-22 1946-47 1889-90 1946-47 1936-37 1946-47 1878-79 1946-47 1877-78 1946-47 1915-16 1937-38 1893-94 1937-38 1878-79 1946-47 1898-99 1937-38 1907-08 1938-39 1921-22 1937-38 1873-74 1946-47 Type and source of record BC USWB B USWB BC USWB BC USWB BC PGE B SFPUC B PGE BC USWB B PGE B PGE ABC USWB AB Private BC USWB ABC USWB BC USWB B Private B Private BC USWB B Private B Private B Private BC USWB Mean for- Period of record 26.98 33.68 41.44 27.56 29.14 26.60 37.73 32.90 41.40 37.49 20.35 22.67 17.94 16.84 19.46 16.45 20.58 17.29 17.84 19.68 17.57 17.10 1897- 1947 26.47 30.16 42.99 29.42 26.65 26.70 41.28 32.00 44.48 39.19 20.15 21.95 14.81 16.29 18.13 17.78 20.94 16.83 17.76 20.95 19.06 16.37 Maximum and minimum Season 1910-11 1907-08 1906-07 1912-13 1937-38 1923-24 1908-09 1923-24 1937-38 1946-47 1937-38 1930-31 1937-38 1923-24 1889-90 1923-24 1939-40 1923-24 1937-38 1923-24 1940-41 1923-24 1940-41 1919-20 1940-41 1938-39 1889-90 1929-30 1889-90 1911-12 1937-38 1930-31 1913-14 1923-24 1889-90 1938-39 1913-14 1912-13 1913-14 1912-13 1937-38 1923-24 1940-41 1897-98 Inches 37.49 15.31 48.49 17.49 64.61 20.83 43.57 13.06 41.20 18.71 40.25 16.57 65.00 17.93 67.39 13.67 76.88 22.39 70.42 17.94 44.86 9.61 47.31 9.92 28.41 9.20 37.41 3.90 37.45 8.45 28.25 8.31 36.90 9.92 33.29 6.64 30.61 8.58 37.03 7.37 28.94 8.32 33.52 6.43 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 325 TABLE 54— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 5-76 5-75 5-73 5-74 5-97 5-98 Camptonville Chute Camp (Head Dam) Colgate Dobbins Marysville Wheatland Yuba Yuba Yuba Yuba Yuba Yuba 39° 27' 121° 03' 39° 24' 121° 09' 39° 20' 121° 11' 39° 22' 121° 10' 39° 08' 121° 24' 39° or 121° 25' 2,850 1,250 700 1,650 61 84 1907-08 1946-47 1907-08 1939-40 1907-08 1946-47 1904-05 1945-46 1871-72 1946-47 1887-88 1944-45 ABC USWB BC USWB BC USWB BC USWB B USWB BC USWB 61.86 52.54 39.17 40.84 19.89 22.08 64.17 54.74 39.92 41.03 20.68 20.84 1908-09 1923-24 1937-38 1923-24 1940-41 1923-24 1906-07 1923-24 1889-90 1884-85 1889-90 1887-88 108.30 30.13 78.17 23.87 56.61 18.51 64.28 20.13 38.91 8.15 33.69 11.07 Abbreviation A B ABBREVIATIONS-CENTRAL VALLEY AREA TYPE OF RECORD Name Hourly Daily Abbreviation C D Name Monthly Seasonal SOURCE OF RECORD Abbreviation AOCo. CFA EBMUD F&RESB KCL Co. MID PGE R Sta. SB Co. SFPUC SO Co. T&TMID UOCo. USWB WSID Name Associated Oil Co. County Farm Adviser. East Bay Municipal Utility District Forest and Range Experiment Station, Berkeley Kern County Land Co. Modesto Irrigation District Pacific Gas and Electric Co. Ranger Station Sutter Basin Co. San Francisco Public Utilities Commission Standard Oil Co. Thermalito and Table Mountain Irrigation District Union Oil Co. United States Weather Bureau West Stanislaus Irrigation District 326 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 55 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number 5-004 5-148* 5-006 5-011 5-27* 5-014 5-020 5-154* 5-159* 5-024 5-030 5-033 5-110* 5-037 5-039 5-040 5-043 5-052 5-053 5-055 5-058 5-233* 5-227* 5-060 5-061 5-216* 5-231* 5-068 5-071 5-287* 5-276* Station Fiddletown (near) Tiger Creek Brush Creek Chico (near) Ins kip Oroville (near) Calaveras Ranger Station Camp Pardee Fricot City Arbuckle Williams Airport Camino (near) Georgetown Grizzly Flats Kyburz (near) Mt. Danaher Placerville (near) Big Creek No. 2 Coalinga (near) Dunlap Florence Lake Fresno Friant Grant Grove Horshoe Bend Huntington Lake Mendota (near) Teakettle Creek Stony Gorge Reservoir Bakersfield Glennville (near) County Amador-- Amador. - Butte Butte Butte Butte Calaveras - Calaveras _ Calaveras _ Colusa Colusa El Dorado El Dorado El Dorado El Dorado El Dorado El Dorado Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Glenn Kern Kern_ - Latitude and longitude 38° 120° 38° 120° 39° 121° 39° 121° 40° 121° 39° 121° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 39° 122° 39° 122° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 38° 120° 36° 119° 36° 120° 36° 118° 36° 119° 36° 119° 36° 118° 36° 118° 37° 119° 36° 120° 36° 119° 39° 122° 35° 119° 35° 118° 31' 41' 27' 29' 41' 20' 42' 48' 00' 32' 31' 34' 12' 22' 14' 50' 11' 32' 01' 04' 06' 09' 45' 39' 55' 50' 38' 32' 48' 120° 08' 38° 45' 120° 41' 44' 52' 55' 15' 08' 20' 44' 119° 06' 37° 16' Eleva- tion, feet 58' 44' 49' 59' 42' 46' 58' 49' 50' 13' 14' 47' 22' 57' 02' 35' 32' 25' 03' 44' 40' 2,000 2,341 3,500 189 4,818 400 3,343 658 1,900 150 129 3,100 2,060 3,900 5,800 3,408 2,550 1,070 663 1,950 7,350 277 380 6,660 3,250 7,020 168 7,100 800 489 3,270 Period of record Dec. June Dec. June Sept. June June June Oct. June Jan. June Jan. June Oct. June Oct. June Aug. Mar. April June Sept. Oct. Dec. June Oct. June Aug. June Dec. June Dec. June Jan. May Jan. June Mar. June Sept. June June June Dec. June April July Aug. June Jan. June Oct. July April June Oct. June April June 1937 1947 1940 1947 1941 1947 1942 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1944 1947 1941 1947 1926 1938 1940 1945 1945 1947 1933 1946 1937 1947 1940 1947 1941 1947 1946 1947 1935 1947 1940 1946 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1929 1947 1938 1947 1942 1947 1940 1941 1942 1947 1941 1947 1940 1942 1946 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 Source of record USWB PGE USWB USWB USWB State Div. of For. USFS EBMUD USWB USWB CAA USWB USWB USWB USWB State Div. of For. scs USWB Union Oil Co. USWB USWB USWB USWB NPS USFS S. Calif. Ed. Co. USWB USWB USBR USWB USWB WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 327 TABLE 55— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number 5-080 5-279* 5-084 5-087 5-300* 5-088 5-265* 5-093 5-8* 5-0105 5-23* 5-0106 5-215* 5-0113 5-0118 5-193* 5-211* 5-0122 5-0123 5-1* 5-0124 5-78* 5-0133 5-0135 5-92* 5-89* 5-90* 5-0138 5-37* 5-54* Station Loraine Lost Hills Piute Taft Tehachapi Weldon Corcoran Clear Lake Park Bieber : Madeline No. 2 Westwood Bass Lake North Fork Cathay (near) Wawona No. 2 Yosemite Merced San Joaquin Experi- mental Range Stayton Mine Alturas Day Bowman Dam Nevada City (near) No. 2 Snow Laboratory Soda Springs Blue Canyon Emigrant Gap Michigan Bluff Buck's Lake Portola County Kern Kern Kern Kern Kern Kern Kings Lake Lassen Lassen Lassen _ _ Madera _ Madera. Mariposa Mariposa Mariposa Merced- _ Merced.. Merced. . Modoc-_ Modoc - - Nevada - Nevada _ . Nevada _ Nevada _ Placer Placer Placer Plumas. - Plumas-- Latitude Eleva- Period Source and tion, of of longitude feet record record 35° 18' 3,000 Aug. L941 USWB 118° 26' June L947 35° 36' 285 Mar. L940 State Div. 119° 41' June L947 of For. 35° 22' 3,750 April : L940 USWB 118° 23' Aug. 1941 35° 08' 1,025 May ' L940 USWB 119° 28' June L947 35° 08' 3,960 Aug. L940 USWB 118° 27' June L947 35° 40' 2,650 Aug. L940 USWB 118° 17' June : 1947 36° 06' 200 April ] L940 USWB 119° 33' June L947 38° 59' 1,300 Mar. : 1940 USWB 122° 41' June '. L947 41° 07' 4,169 April : L940 USWB 121° 08' June L947 41° 03' 5,314 Oct. ] L940 USWB 120° 28' Oct. L945 40° 18' 5,080 Jan. L941 USWB 121° 00' June L947 37° 18' 3,300 Jan. '. L940 USFS 119° 33' May : [946 37° 14' 3,000 Nov. : L930 , USFS 119° 30' Mar. L946 37° 24' 1,425 April ] [940 USWB 120° 04' June L947 37° 33' 4,100 Sept. : [940 NPS 119° 39' June L947 37° 45' 3,985 Sept, : L940 NPS 119° 35' June J L947 37° 19' 170 Nov. ] [938 USWB 120° 29' June ] L947 37° 05' 100 Dec. ] L934 USWB 119° 44' June '. L947 36° 55' 3,020 Dec. : [939 USWB 121° 14' June '. L947 41° 29' 4,346 April ] [940 USFS 120° 32' June '. L947 41° 13' 3,800 Oct. ] [940 USWB 121° 23' June '. L947 39° 27' 5,347 Jan. ] .940 Nev. Irr. 120° 39' June ] L947 Dist. 39° 16' 2,850 Aug. : [940 USWB 121° 01' June '. [947 39° 20' 6,902 Nov. : [946 USWB 120° 22' June ] L947 39° 19' 6,752 Oct. ] [940 USWB 120° 23' June ! [947 39° 17' 5,283 April ] L945 USWB 120° 42' June ] L947 39° 18' 5,220 Oct. ] L941 USWB 120° 39' April ] L945 39° 02' 3,200 Sept. ] [940 USWB 120° 45' June ] L947 39° 54' 5,000 Oct. ] [941 PGE 121° 12' June ] L947 39° 48' 5,000 Sept. 1 L940 USWB 120° 28' June ] L947 328 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 55— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number 5-131* 5-0154 5-176* 5-0167 5-0171 5-0175 5-17* 5-0180 5-0181 5-18* 5-64* 5-65* 5-4* 5-2* 5-0190 5-0192 5-0201 5-19* 5-24* 5-0207 5-0208 5-0209 5-0213 5-243* 5-268* 5-247* 5-0221 5-186* 5-0222 Station Sacramento Sacramento (Airport) Stockton Tracy (near) Hat Creek (near) Montgomery Creek (near) Redding Shasta Dam Vollmers Volta Downieville Sierra ville McCloud Mount Shasta Vacaville (near) Modesto No. 2 Beegum Mineral Red Bluff Badger California Hot Springs Camp Wishon Exeter (near) Giant Forest Spring ville Ranger Sta- tion Three Rivers Groveland No. 2 Hetch Hetchy Long Barn County Sacramento. Sacramento . San Joaquin San Joaquin Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Sierra Sierra Siskiyou Siskiyou Solano Stanislaus- _ Tehama Tehama Tehama Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tuolumne _ . Tuolumne _. Tuolumne__ Latitude Eleva- and tion, longitude feet 38° 35' 69 121° 30' 38° 31' 25 121° 30' 37° 57' 15 121° 19' 37° 50' 13 121° 27' 40° 48' 3,360 121° 31' 40° 49' 2,180 121° 57' 40° 35' 718 122° 24' 40° 43' 785 122° 25' 40° 57' 1,332 122° 26' 40° 27' 2,200 121° 52' 39° 34' 2,460 120° 50' 39° 35' 4,975 120° 22' 41° 15' 3,270 122° 08' 41° 19' 3,550 122° 19' 38° 25' 450 122° 01' 37° 37' 92 121° 01' 40° 21' 1,283 122° 51' 40° 21' 4,850 121° 36' 40° 09' 341 122° 15' 36° 38' 3,000 119° 01' 35° 54' 3,000 118° 41' 36° 13' 4,200 118° 40' 36° 21' 435 119° 05' 36° 34' 6,360 118° 46' 36° 08' 1,050 118° 48' 36° 28' 1,190 118° 51' 37° 50' 2,800 120° 13' 37° 56' 4,050 119° 47' 38° 11' 5,200 120° 01' Period of record June June Mar. June Dec. June April June April June Oct. June Jan. June Jan. June Sept. June Oct. June Sept. June Nov. June May June Sept. June Dec. Dec. Mar. June Jan. June Sept. June Dec. June Mar. June Mar. June Mar. June Dec. June Sept. June Mar. June Sept. June Sept. June Sept. June Oct. June 1905 1947 1939 1947 1938 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1939 1947 1937 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1935 1942 1942 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1939 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1938 1940 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1941 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 Source of record USWB USWB USWB USWB U.S. Bur. of Ent. USWB USWB USBR USWB PGE USFS USFS USWB USWB scs USWB USWB NPS USWB USWB USFS USWB USWB NPS USFS State Div. of For. USWB SFPUC Cal. For. Range Exp. Station WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 329 TABLE 55— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number Station County Latitude and longitude Eleva- tion, feet Period of record Source of record 5-114* 5-130* 5-76* 5-0233 Brooks - -- - - Davis. - - — Camptonville Wheatland (near) Yolo Yolo Yuba Yuba 38° 44' 122° 09' 38° 33' 121° 45' 39° 27' 121° 03' 39° 02' 121° 24' 350 54 2,850 113 Mar. 1941 June 1947 April 1926 June 1947 Dec. 1937 June 1947 Aug. 1940 June 1947 USWB Univ. of Calif. USFS USWB SOURCE OF RECORD Abbreviation USWB PGE FJBMUD USFS USBR SCS NPS State Div. of For. CAA S. Calif. Ed. Co. Nev. Irr. Dist. U. S. Bur. of Ent. SFPUC Cal. For. Range Exp. Station Univ. of Calif. Name United States Weather Bureau Pacific Gas & Electric Co. East Bay Municipal Utility District United States Forest Service United States Bureau of Reclamation Soil Conservation Service National Park Service Division of Forestry, California Department of Natural Resources Civil Aeronautics Administration Airway Communication Station Southern California Edison Company Nevada Irrigation District United States Bureau of Entomology San Francisco Public Utilities Commission California Forest and Range Experiment Station University of California 330 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 56 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number 5-001 5-002 5-003 5-004 5-005 5-006 5-007 5-008 5-009 5-010 5 011 5-012 5-013 5-014 5-015 5-016 5-017 5-018 5-019 5-020 5-021 5-022 5-023 5-024 5-025 5-026 5-027 5-028 5-029 5-030 5-031 Station Blue Lakes Tamarack Child Ranch Fiddletown (near) Abertine Brush Creek (Ranger Station) Butte Creek House Cherokee — Chico Army Flying School Chico (M &T Inc.) Chico (near) Dodgeland Oroville (McDermott) Oroville (near) Oroville (State Forestry) Pulga Thermalito Angels Camp No. 1 Calaveras Big Trees No. 2 Calaveras Ranger Station Mitchell Mill North Hill Vineyard Valley Springs No. 1. Arbuckle Fouts Spring Grand Island Princeton Stony ford-Rice Wilkins Slough Williams Airport Brentwood County Alpine Alpine Amador Amador Butte Butte Butte Butte Butte_ . Butte Butte Butte Butte Butte Butte Butte. _ Butte Calaveras Calaveras Calaveras Calaveras Calaveras Calaveras Colusa Colusa Colusa Colusa Colusa Colusa Colusa Contra Costa Latitude and longitude 38° 119° 38° 119° 38° 120° 38° 120° 40° 121° 39° 121° 40° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 37' 56' 37' 57' 14' 59' 31' 41' 04' 27' 41' 20' 06' 25' 38' 33' 49' 51' 42' 56' 42' 48' 33' 53' 39° 30' 121° 33' 39° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 39° 122° 39° 122° 39° 121° 39° 122° 39° 122° 39° 121° 39° 122° 37° 121° 31' 34' 31' 34' 49' 28' 31' 36' 04' 32' 17' 18' 12' 22' 22' 26' 02' 51' 11' 50' 01' 04' 21' 40' 04' 52' 24' 00' 22' 32' 01' 50' 06' 09' 56' 42' Eleva- tion, feet 8,000 8,060 120 2,000 5,700 3,500 5,600 900 200 150 189 100 205 400 200 1,430 200 1,400 4,700 3,343 2,800 600 673 150 1,560 50 67 1,240 35 129 80 Period of record 1938-43 1905-17 1932-38 1937-47 1910-12 1935-39 1941-47 1909-11 1881-85 1942-45 1937-41 1909-16 1942-47 1919-23 1880-82 1940-47 1940-47 1929-30 1898- 1901 1900-09 1940-47 1915-47 1914-17 1897- 1903 1897- 1911 1940-45 1907-13 1896- 1902 1880-82 1936-39 1939-41 1940-47 1897- 1900 Type of record C Broken record B B A B B, A B B A B B, A B B A B B B C A Broken record B, A B B Broken record B A B B B B B Broken record A B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 331 TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number Station Latitude Eleva- Period and tion, of longitude feet record 37° 52' 33 1897- 121° 38' 1906 38° 45' 3,100 1940-46 120° 39' 38° 43' 1,600 1897- 120° 49' 1905 38° 47' 1,900 1935-39 120° 38' 38° 55' 3,004 1939-40 120° 48' 38° 38' 3,900 1940-47 120° 32' 38° 47' 4,080 1940-47 120° 18' 38° 48' 5,800 1941-47 120° 08' 38° 45' 3,408 1946-47 120° 41' 38° 49' 7,000 1929-33 120° 04' 38° 52' 4,200 1903-05 120° 38' 38° 44' 2,550 1940-47 120° 52' 38° 44' 2,760 1929-37 120° 44' 38° 56' 3,000 1929-37 120° 45' 38° 40' 1,415 1897- 120° 56' 1912 38° 56' 6,230 1910-14 120° 03' 36° 06' 1,000 1894-99 120° 27' 36° 07' 1,500 1923-29 120° 34' 36° 17' 1,200 1923-31 120° 20' 36° 49' 3,600 1941-42 118° 53' 36° 55' 1,070 1940-46 119° 15' 36° 08' 663 1940-47 120° 20' 36° 11' 800 1938-39 120° 21' 36° 44' 1,950 1940-47 119° 06' 36° 44' 2,100 1911-16 119° 06' 36° 51' 170 1940-41 120° 29' 37° 16' 7,350 1940-47 118° 58' 36° 46' 6,660 1939-41 118° 58' 36° 46' 6,660 1942-47 118° 58' 36° 49' 3,250 1940-41 118° 50' 36° 48' 5,300 1913-17 118° 55' 36° 48' 5,300 1930-31 118° 55' Type of record 5-032 5-033 5-034 5-035 5-036 5-037 5-038 5-039 5-040 5-041 5-042 5-043 5-044 5-045 5-046 5-047 5-048 5-049 5-050 5-051 5-052 5-053 5-054 5-055 5-056 5-057 5-058 5-059 5-060 5-061 5-062 5-063 Byron Camino ( near) El Dorado El Dorado Power House Georgetown Ranger Station Grizzly Flats Kyburz Kyburz (near) Mt. Danaher Phillips Pino Grande Placerville (near) Placerville Forest Genetics Rasor's Lodge Shingle Springs No. 2 Tallac Alcade Associated Oil No. 2H Associated Oil A Barton's Resort Big Creek No. 2 Coalinga (near) Coalinga Pump Dunlap Dunlap (near) Firebaugh (near) Florence Lake General Grant National Paik_ Grant Grove Horseshoe Bend Hume No. 1 Hume No. 2 Contra Costa El Dorado. _. El Dorado, .. El Dorado. ._ El Dorado- .. El Dorado- -_ El Dorado. __ El Dorado. .. El Dorado- _. El Dorado. _. El Dorado- .. El Dorado-. _ El Dorado ___ El Dorado. _. El Dorado. __ El Dorado. .. Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno Fresno B A B B B A Broken record A A A B B A B B Broken record B D C B B A A A B A B A A B A A B B 332 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number 5-064 5-065 5-066 5-067 5-068 5-069 5-070 5-071 5-072 5-073 5-074 5-075 5-076 5-077 5-078 5-079 5-080 5-081 5-082 5-083 5-084 5-085 5-086 5-087 5-088 5-089 5-090 5-091 5-092 5-093 5-094 Station Kingsburg McMullin Orange Cove Stevenson Creek Teakettle Creek Westhaven Mills Orchard Stony Gorge Reservoir Cameras DiGiorgio Farm Famosa Fort Tejon Calloway Canal Girard No. 2 Glenville (near, No. 2) _ Keene Ranger Station .. Loraine McClung Ranch McKittrick Mt. Breckenridge Piute Rio Bravo Sunset (Union Oil Co.)- Taft Weldon Kettleman Tar Canyon Cellier Place Clear Lake Park Clear Lake Park Harbin Hot Springs County Fresno. Fresno . Fresno. Fresno. Fresno . Fresno . Glenn.. Glenn.. Kern.. Kern.. Kern__ Kern... Kern... Kern... Kern... Kern... Kern... Kern... Kern Kern Kern... Kern Kern Kern Kern... Kings. _ Kings. . Lake Lake Lake Lake Latitude and longitude 36° 119° 36° 119° 36° 119° 37° 119° 36° 119° 36° 120° 39° 122° 39° 122° 35° 119° 35° 118° 35° 119° 34° 118° 35° 119° 35° 118° 35° 118° 35° 118° 35° 118° 35° 119° 35° 119° 35° 118° 35° 118° 35° 119° 35° 119° 35° 119° 35° 118° 36° 119° 35° 120° 38° 31' 33' 39' 58' 37' 19' 10' 20' 57' 02' 14' 00' 44' 02' 35' 32' 32' 48' 15' 51' 37' 12' 53' 55' 29' 10' 11' 30' 44' 41' 13' 34' 18' 26' 21' 11' 19' 39' 27' 35' 22' 23' 23' 18' 06' 23' 08' 28' 40' 17' 00' 57' 59' 09' 47' 122° 42' 38° 58' 122° 38° 122° 38° 122° 40' 59' 41' 47' 39' Eleva- tion, feet 301 225 431 4,250 7,100 285 240 800 729 450 400 3,245 400 3,400 3,540 2,500 3,000 350 1,005 7,500 3,750 314 639 1,025 2,650 300 826 1,950 1,350 1,300 1,950 Period of record 1929-33 1897-98 1932-39 1916-18 1940-42 1926-39 1937-39 1946-47 1931-39 1938-39 1896-98 1896- 1900 1896-99 1889-95 1940-47 1944-46 1941-47 1879-82 1930-39 1896-97 1940-41 1880-82 1931-39 1940-47 1940-47 1929-32 1931-39 1937-39 1923-28 1940-47 1933-39 Type of record B B B B A Broken record B B A B B B B B C A B A B B B A B B A A B B B B A B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 333 TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA Station Hopland (near, No. 1) Lindblooms Middletown North Lakeport Ruppert Simons Ranch Sulphur Banks Twin Valley Upper Lake No. 1 Upper Lake No. 2 Madeline No. 2 Bass Lake Berenda Buchanan Minturn Raymond Vignola Ranch San Rafael No. 2 Cathay (near) Exchequer . Fish Camp Kinsley Wawona Wawona No. 2 Central Point Livingston No. 1 Los Banos Valley San Joaquin Experimental Range Stayton Mine Day Triangle Station County Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lake Lassen _ _ Madera - Madera _ . Madera. . Madera. Madera _ Madera _. Marin Mariposa Mariposa Mariposa Mariposa Mariposa Mariposa Merced- _ Merced _ . Merced _ - Merced- _ Merced- . Modoc- . Modoc. _. Latitude and longitude 39° 123° 38° 122° 38° 122° 39° 122° 39° 122° 38° 122° 39° 122° 39° 122° 39° 122° 39° 122° 41° 120° 37° 119° 37° 120° 37° 120° 37° 120° 37° 119° 37° 120° 37° 122° 37° 120° 37° 120° 37° 119° 37° 119° 37° 119° 37° 119° 37° 120° 37° 120° 36° 120° 37° 119° 36° 121° 41° 121° 41° 120° 01' 00' 45' 38' 45' 37' 03' 55' 10' 41' 47' 44' 00' 40' 00' 50' 10' 55' 10' 55' 03' 28' 18' 33' 02' 10' 12' 00' 08' 16' 13' 55' 11' 00' 58' 32' 24' 04' 35' 16' 29' 38' 42' 59' 33' 41' 33' 39' 04' 53' 23' 43' 52' 55' 05' 44' 55' 14' 13' 23' 41' 49' Eleva- tion, feet 2,500 1,100 1,105 1,450 2,092 2,500 1,350 2,200 1,343 1,343 5,314 3,300 256 450 240 950 440 50 1.425 490 5,000 2,800 3,960 4,100 117 130 862 100 3,020 3,800 5,000 Period of record 1944-47 1922-31 1896-98 1941-47 1909-13 1917-18 1933-39 1938-39 1917-23 1916-18 1897-02 1910-11 1925-29 1935-39 1930-33 1940-45 1940-46 1897- 1900 1879-82 1898- 1900 1898-99 1933-38 1903-04 1940-47 1935-39 1929-33 1914-17 1936-39 1940-47 1879- 1886 1897-99 1932-39 1940-47 1939-47 1940-47 1929-32 Type of record A B B B B B B B B B, D A, B A B B B B B B A B B B B A B • B B A A A B 334 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number Station Latitude Eleva- Period and tion, of longitude feet record 38° 35' 363 1931-35 122° 35' 38° 35' 455 1929-39 122° 35' 38° 35' 800 1936-38 122° 21' 38° 38' 340 1936-38 122° 16' 39° 23' 5,531 1897- 120° 06' 1937 39° 24' 5,300 1898- 120° 01' 1900 32° 24' 5,900 1910-15 120° 11' 39° 16' 2,850 1940-47 121° 01' 39° 22' 2,130 1897-03 121° 06' 39° 20' 6,902 1946-47 120° 22' 38° 53' 200 1898- 121° 17' 1900 39° 04' 6,225 1913-15 120° 09' 1916-18 39° 02' 3,200 1940-47 120° 45' 38° 52' 970 1936-39 121° 08' 39° 19' 7,017 1926-32 120° 21' 38° 52' 1,100 1934-39 121° 06' 38° 49' 565 1897- 121° 06' 1901 39° 50' 5,005 1908-09 120° 23' 40° 07' 4,020 1910-13 121° 09' 39° 46' 6,500 1907-09 120° 46' 39° 41' 5,000 1932-36 120° 59' 39° 55' 4,000 1902-04 121° 04' 1915-18 40° 13' 4,400 1910-12 121° 10' 40° 01' 2,500 1929-30 121° 14' 39° 48' 5,000 1941-47 120° 11' 38° 20' 123 1936-39 121° 09' 38° 24' 50 1897- 121° 21' 1900 38° 41' 250 1897-98 121° 11' 38° 31' 25 1939-47 121° 30' 38° 35' 25 1861-62 121° 30' 1880-81 38° 38' 100 1896-97 121° 15' Type of record 5-0126 5-0127 5-0128 5-0129 5-0130 5-0131 5-0132 5-0133 5-0134 5-0135 5-0136 5-0137 5-0138 5-0139 5-0140 5-0141 5-0142 5-0143 5-0144 5-0145 5-0146 5-0147 5-0148 5-0149 5-0150 5'-0151 5-0152 5-0153 5-0154 5-0155 5-0156 Calistoga Calistoga (Williams) Hardin Ranch Monticello (near) Boca Floriston Hobart Mills Nevada City (near No. 2) North San Juan Snow Laboratory Lincoln McKinney Michigan Bluff Newcastle (Landman) Norden Werner Ranch Wireb ridge Beckwith Butte Valley Johnsville La Porte No. 2 Meadow Valley No. 2 Prattville No. 1 Smiths Point Vinton Clay (Bolton) Elk Grove Orange vale Sacramento (Airport) Sacramento (Logan) Sacramento Olive Farm_ Napa Napa Napa Napa Nevada Nevada Nevada Nevada Nevada Nevada Placer Placer Placer- Placer Placer Placer Placer Plumas Plumas Plumas Plumas Plumas Plumas Plumas Plumas Sacramento Sacramento Sacramento Sacramento Sacramento Sacramento B B B B Broken record B B D A B A B B, D A B B B B B B C B B B B B B B B A B B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 335 TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number 5-0157 5-0158 5-0159 5-0160 5-0161 5-0162 5-0163 5-0164 5-0165 5-0166 5-0167 5-0168 5-0169 5-0170 5-0171 5-0172 5-0173 5-0174 5-0175 5-0176 5-0177 5-0178 5-0179 5-0180 5-0181 5-0182 5-0183 5-0184 5-0185 5-0186 5-0187 Station Twin Cities Callow Ranch Clements King Island Lind Airport Linden (Davis) Lodi No. 3 Manteca Round Timbers Spreckels Sugar Co Tracy (near) Victor (Clancy Ranch) Anderson (near) Gilman Ranch Hat Creek (near) Knob Macumber Montgomery Creek No. 2. Montgomery Creek (near), Olinda Pittville Pit No. 5 St. Vrain Ranch Shasta Dam Vollmers Carvin Mine Loydton Scales Mt. Shasta Airway County Yreka (Pyle) Boyce & Boyce Orchard _ Sacramento San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Shasta Sierra Sierra Sierra Siskiyou Latitude and longitude Siskiyou.. 41° 44' 122° 38' Solano 38° 121° 38° 121° 38° 121° 38° 121° 38° 121° 38° 121° 38° 121° 37° 121° 38° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 38° 121° 40° 122° 40° 122° 40° 121° 40° 122° 40° 121° 40° 121° 40° 121° 40° 122° 41° 121° 40° 121° 40° 121° 40° 122° 40° 122° 39° 120° 39° 120° 39° 120° 41° 122° 18' 18' 13' 08' 12' 06' 04' 25' 12' 17' 02' 07' 08' 16' 48' 13' 07' 03' 47' 12' 50' 27' 10' 12' 27' 18' 27' 16' 48' 31' 24' 59' 32' 44' 50' 55' 49' 57' 26' 24' 03' 20' 59' 59' 36' 59' 43' 25' 57' 26' 38' 34' 40' 15' 36' 59' 25' 20' Eleva- tion, feet 38° 121° 32' 55' 45 125 120 5 60 80 50 42 180 46 13 80 432 234 3,360 3,800 4,000 2,500 2,180 650 3,400 1,700 1,600 785 1,332 5,516 4,946 4,300 5,100 2,635 125 Period of record 1830-32 1931-39 1933-38 1930-36 1936-38 1929-30 1926-31 1935-39 1929-30 1930-39 1940-47 1929-31 1909-10 1934-39 1940-47 1909-11 1921-30 1932-38 1940-47 1916-18 1909-10 1945-47 1924-28 1939-47 1937-47 1929-34 1940-47 1936-39 1940-44 1897-01 1934-39 Type of record B B C B B B B B B B A B B B A B B B A B B B B A A B B B Broken record A, B B B 336 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number 5-0188 5-0189 5-0190 5-0191 5-0192 5-0193 5-0194 5-0195 5-0196 5-0197 5-0198 5-0199 5-0200 5-0201 5-0202 5-0203 5-0204 5-0205 5-0206 5-0207 5-0208 5-0209 5-0210 5-0211 5-0212 5-0213 5-0214 5-0215 5-0216 5-0217 5-0218 Station Elmira Udel Ranch Vacaville (near) El Solyo Ranch Modesto No. 2 Patterson Pump Station No. 2_. Turlock (Southern Pacific Co.).. Bremer Hinsdale Karnak Noah Ranch Wheatland Yuba City Beegum .. Los Molinos Paskenta Rosewood Vina Anada Badger California Hot Springs Camp Wishon_ Deer Creek Ranger Station Dinuba Exeter Exeter (near) Johnsondale Mountain Home No. 1 Success- Tulare (Southern Pacific Co.) _ _ Windy Springs County Solano Solano Solano Stanislaus - - Stanislaus _ _ Stanislaus- - Stanislaus _- Sutter Sutter Sutter Sutter Sutter Sutter Tehama Tehama Tehama Tehama Tehama Trinity Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Tulare Latitude and longitude 38° 121° 38° 121° 38° 122° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 121° 37° 120° 39° 121° 39° 121° 38° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 39° 121° 40° 122° 40° 122° 39° 122° 40° 122° 39° 122° 40° 122° 36° 119° 35° 118° 36° 118° 35° 118° 36° 119° 21' 55' 27' 58' 25' 01' 38' 13' 37' 01' 18' 06' 29' 51' 08' 37' 01' 47' 47' 40' 03' 50' 01' 25' 08' 37' 21' 51' 01' 06' 53' 32' 17' 33' 56' 04' 17' 20' 38' 01' 53' 41' 13' 40' 53' 40' 33' 23' 36° 18' 119° 08' 36° 119° 35° 118° 36° 118° 36° 118° 36° 119° 36° 118° 21' 05' 58' 31' 10' 48' 05' 53' 12' 21' 02' 06' Eleva- tion, feet Period of record 75 1897-01 138 1934-39 450 1935-42 40 1938-39 92 1942-47 100 1911-14 106 1897-99 60 1935-39 30 1940-41 20 1940-41 40 1939-40 85 1934-38 60 1897-02 1,283 1940-47 215 1942-46 720 1937-43 865 1897-04 213 2,700 3,000 1897- 1900 1899- 1900 1940-47 3,000 1935-47 4,200 1940-47 3,000 1932-39 333 390 435 1912-15 1936-38 1897- 1900 1938-47 4,700 1937-42 6,680 800 1897-98 1907-11 1927-28 289 1915-21 6,500 1929-35 Type of record B B A B A B B B B B B B B A B B B B B A Broken Record B, A A B B B A B B B C B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 337 TABLE 56— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA File number 5-0219 5-0220 5-0221 5-0222 5-0223 5-0224 5-0225 5-0226 5-0227 5-0228 5-0229 5-0230 5-0231 5-0232 5-0233 Station Confidence (Hiatt Ranch) Groveland No. 1 Groveland No. 2 Long Barn Long Camp Mather Penstock Camp Phoenix Dam Relief Dunnigan (Davis) Winters _ Winters (near) Camp Pioneer Challenge Wheatland (near) County Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Tuolumne Yolo Yolo Yolo Yuba Yuba Yuba Latitude and longitude 38° 120° 37° 120° 37° 120° 38° 120° 38° 120° 37° 119° 38° 120° 38° 120° 38° 119° 03' 12' 51' 14' 50' 13' 11' 01' 05' 08' 53' 51' 10' 06' 00' 20' 17' 44' 38° 53' 121° 58' 38° 121° 38° 121° 39° 120° 39° 121° 39° 121° 31' 58' 32' 58' 38' 35' 29' 13' 02' 24' Eleva- Period tion, of feet record 4,000 1929-34 1,400 1908-17 2,800 1940-47 5,200 1940-47 5,000 1909-12 4,520 1929-33 3,750 1909-11 2,500 1909-12 7,300 1930-37 70 1931-38 136 1897-02 150 1896-97 5,675 1937-38 2,700 1938-39 113 1940-47 Type of record B B A A B B B B B B B B B B A TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A Hourly B Daily C Monthly 1) Seasonal 338 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA o ui 0. 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NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1934-1935 TOTAL 14.18 INCHES 20 10 1900-1901 TOTAL 6.05 INCHES | mm MINIMUM SEASON 20 1870-1871 TOTAL 673 INCHES 10 > -I 3 -» 3 < Ui «! h U O > o z z < ad u u. < 2 a. < > ■i 2 Z 3 -> STOCKTON 1933-1934 TOTAL 2 26 INCHES 10 1L < a. UI M (J >' z 'J Ui * Si u u. 5 2 K < >- < 3 3 -> BAKERSFIELD ««(9>. DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS CENTRAL VALLEY AREA 344 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 39 20 10 1889 - 1890 TOTAL 8739 INCHES ■ ■ H mm ii inn llDIn MAXIMUM SEASON 20 to 1937-1938 TOTAL 60l59 INCHES NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 20 W o Id I 20 1904-1905 TOTAL 32.6S INCHES 20 1909-1910 TOTAL 34.58 INCHES ■ 1 l 1 ■ M ■ MINIMUM SEASON 10 1923-1924 TOTAL 13.67 INCHES > J 3 -> o < u U O > O z Ui Q Z < m UJ U. 5 5 K 0. < > < 2 u z 3 -> SONORA 20 1923-1924 TOTAL 14.99 1 NCHES 10 5 < a. u u o > o z o UJ o z < OQ U U. a: < 2 0. < 2 u z 3 -> NORTH FORK . 20 z ,0 2 o h < H 20 G. U «o U I • J MAXIMUM SEASON 1887-1868 TOTAL - 115 26 IN. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II M 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - m 1889 - 1890 TOTAL 23.67 INCHES 10 ■nm inn NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1931-1932 TOTAL 51 68 INCHES \ \ ■ i ii ii ii m rm 20 10 1920-1921 TOTAL 10.34 INCHES MINIMUM SEASON 20 1863-1864 TOTAL I723INCHES 10 > -1 i5 3 < t UJ O o > O z o UJ o z < -> 0i UJ u. < 2 s. 0. < > < 2 Ul z 3 -> NEVADA CITY 1923-1924 TOTAL 4.16 INCHES 10 _ >i D -> < •0 o O 5 o UJ o u u. 5 2 < 2 -> NEWMAN "«•** DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS CENTRAL VALLEY AREA WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 345 (Division of Highways Photo) MOUNT SHASTA AND UPPER SACRAMENTO RIVER 346 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RUNOFF Estimated mean seasonal natural runoff of the Central Valley Area for the 53 years from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is 33,636,000 acre-feet, or 47.5 percent of total surface runoff from mountain and foothill lands in the State. The minimum seasonal flow of 9,280,000 acre-feet occurred in 1923-24, and the maximum, totalling 63,300,000 acre-feet, in 1906-07. The 10-year period from 1923-24 to 1932-33 was the driest of record in this Area. Runoff during each of those 10 years, except 1926-27, was less than the 53-year mean, and the average was only 66.3 percent of this long-time mean. Runoff from drainage basins of the Central Valley Area is derived largely from snow. Consequently, the major portion of seasonal runoff comes during late spring and early summer months from March to June, inclusive. For Sacramento River the runoff during these months is 42.8 percent of the seasonal total, for American River, 65.4 percent, and for Kings River, 71.8 percent. Minimum runoff comes from August to October, inclusive, flow for this period being 9.7 percent of total seasonal runoff for Sacramento River, 2.1 percent for the American, and 5.5 per- cent for the Kings. Sacramento River drains a region of porous lava formation, with large underground storage capacity. Summer flow of the Sacramento is therefore better sustained than is that of other streams in the Area. An indication of variation in monthly flow of Central Valley Area streams, and of the percentage of seasonal runoff that comes during each month, is given by data for Sacramento River at Red Bluff, Ameri- can River at Fair Oaks and Kings River at Piedra listed in Table 59. The first records of stream flow in the Central Valley Area were obtained by Wm. Ham. Hall, State Engineer from 1878 to 1884. The only stream gaging station then maintained in the Sacramento River. Basin was at Collinsville, at the mouth of the Sacramento. In the San Joaquin River Basin 20 gaging stations were maintained, most of them at the base of the foothills. All stations established by State Engineer Hall were discontinued after 1884, when the office of State Engineer was abolished. As of September 30, 1947, records from 96 stations were published by the United States Geological Survey in the Sacramento River Basin and 105 in the San Joaquin River Basin. The first gaging station established in the Sacramento River Basin by the Geological Survey was installed at Jellys Ferry on Sacramento River near Red Bluff in 1895. In 1902 this station was moved downstream to Iron Canyon, where it has since been maintained. The oldest station in the San Joaquin River Basin for which an unbroken record is available was established on Kern River near Bakersfield in 1893 by the Kern County Canal and Water Company, and is known as the "First Point of Measurement." It is still maintained by that company and affiliated companies and the Buena Vista Water Storage District, and the runoff record is published by the Geological Survey. A number of stream gaging stations established in the Area from time to time have been discontinued, but records so obtained are frequently of value in determining runoff characteristics of concerned streams. Some gaging stations are being maintained on canals and streams by private agencies, and by public agencies other than the Geological Survey. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 347 Gaging stations listed in the following tabulation are the principal stations presently operated in the Area, and are those of most value in estimating the available water supply of the Central Valley Area. Stream gaging station ^ J Drainage area Sacramento Valley Streams in square miles Sacramento River near Red Bluff 9,258 Feather River near Oroville 3,611 Yuba River at Narrows Dam 1,100 Bear River near Wheatland 295 American River at Fair Oaks 1,921 Minor stream basins 3,460 Subtotal 19,655 San Joaquin Valley Streams Kern River near Bakersfield 2,420 Tule River near Porterville 266 South Fork Tule River near Success 106 Kaweah River near Three Rivers 520 Kings River at Piedra 1,694 San Joaquin River below Friant 1,675 Fresno River near Daulton 270 Chowchilla River at Buchanan Dam Site 238 Merced River at Exchequer 1,035 Tuolumne River near La Grange 1,540 Stanislaus River below Melones Powerhouse 898 Calaveras River at Jenny Lind 395 Mokelumne River near Clements 630 Cosumnes River at Michigan Bar 537 Minor stream basins 592 Subtotal 12,816 TOTAL 32,471 Runoff from remaining mountain and foothill lands in the Area — 1,959 square miles in the Sacramento River Basin and 6,443 square miles in the San Joaquin River Basin — is not now being measured. Most unmeasured runoff entering the San Joaquin Valley originates in the coastal ranges. The name, location, and elevation of each gaging station in the Central Valley Area for which records of runoff are available, with the period, source, and type of record, are presented in Table 60. Estimated long-time mean seasonal natural runoff from the Central Valley Area for the 53 years from 1894-95 to 1946-47 is given in Table 61. For those stations for which complete or partial records are available, mean runoff indicated is the mean of estimated seasonal natural flow. For streams or basins for which there are no records, directly derived esti- mates of long-time mean runoff are given. Estimated mean seasonal run- off from unmeasured drainage basins in the Area was 1,450,000 acre-feet, and that based on records was 32,190,000 acre-feet. Estimates of natural flow set out in Table 61 were made in accord- ance with principles outlined in Chapter III. Estimates of seasonal runoff were made for minor basins in the Sacramento River drainage basin between Shasta Dam and Red Bluff. For other minor basins in the Sacramento River Basin, and for minor streams on the east side of the San Joaquin Valley, only 53-year mean seasonal runoff is given, this having been estimated by comparing records on minor and principal 348 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA streams for simultaneous periods. Estimates of mean seasonal runoff for minor drainage areas on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley were derived by establishing the relationship between mean precipitation and runoff in that part of the Area. An estimate of mean seasonal runoff for the Sacramento Valley floor was made by correlating recorded inflows at various points with average precipitation on the valley floor. Estimated natural runoff for the seasons from 1894-95 to 1946-47, from main stream and tributary basins for which there are complete or partial records, is given in Table 62. TABLE 59 AVERAGE MONTHLY DISTRIBUTION OF AVERAGE SEASONAL RUNOFF FOR THREE CENTRAL VALLEY STREAMS Month October November. December. January February. _ March April May June July August September. Totals Sacramento River at Red Bluff Monthly runoff in acre-feet 280,000 450,000 700,000 1,110,000 1,380,000 1,330,000 1,040,000 740,000 490,000 340,000 280,000 260,000 8,400,000 Percent of seasonal total 3.3 5.4 8.4 13.2 16.4 15.8 12.4 8.8 5.8 4.1 3.3 3.1 100.0 American River at Fair Oaks Monthly runoff in acre-feet 20,000 60,000 130,000 270,000 330,000 420,000 490,000 540,000 310,000 80,000 20,000 10,000 2,680,000 Percent of seasonal total 0.9 2.2 4.9 9.9 12.5 15.6 18.1 20.0 11.7 3.0 0.7 0.5 100.0 Kings River at Piedra Monthly runoff in acre-feet 22,000 25,000 37,000 64,000 81,000 127,000 225,000 443,000 419,000 176,000 51,000 20,000 1,690,000 Percent of seasonal total 1.3 1.5 2.2 3.8 4.8 7.5 13.3 26.2 24.8 10.4 3.0 1.2 100.0 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 349 © © I © o < a o GO © GO O © © CN © CN i co CN © © © o <3 fl o CO o3 © 02 © © © iO~ © 00 co I> CO © 03 O u © ft +9 T3 © in «t-i O ' © © © © of l> a> T3 «) <: *< Q Q Q Q Q Q M © Fh <1 <1 • © o © © © © oo o CN © Ml fl © ft 5 "A <1 O CD i—i T— ( lO »o lO iO to to «o" CD fl T) v v v ^ «, ^ T5 © © © lO co co © © r^ © ■* © CN © CN c t^ o co © fl © I— 1 tO (N iO CM © ^H lO T— 1 T^ rH "# 1—1 tH CN CO CN CO CN If fl +2 c3 03 r-3 bfl o *" a o o o (3 o o o o o 3 o o fl O r- 1 CI © CN © CN CN C i—i O T— 1 o i— ( © i—i O i— l c r-l © "tf CN ^ (N T^ CN "tf C) "tf CN! ^ CN TfH CN "+< ?) 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Dist. East Boundary Mariposa Creek near Merced Irrig. Dist. East Boundary Owens Creek at Merced Irrig. Dist. East Boundary Miles Creek at Merced Irrig. Dist. East Boundary Owens Creek below Bloss Diver- sion Owens Creek below Mariposa Spill- gate Bear Creek at Merced Irrig. Dist. East Boundary Bear Creek at Merced Irrig. Dist. West Boundary Bear Creek below East Side Canal- Bear Creek above San Joaquin River Mud Slough at Gustine-Stevinson Highway Los Banos Creek at Trent Num- ber §"c3 N 5-668 5-669 5-670 5-671 5-672 5-673 5-674 5-675 5-676 5-677 5-678 5-679 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 395 o o to" CO o o °i CM O o o to" o o CO co" o o o cm" to CM Tt< i—( 1— 1 i—l <* CM CO °? 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Sacramento River Basin Pit River above gage near Canby From gage near Canby to gage near Ydalpom Above gage near Ydalpom McCloud River above gage at Baird Remainder of Sacramento River above Shasta Dam _ Above Shasta Dam West side tributaries, Shasta Dam to gage near Red Bluff East side tributaries, Shasta Dam to gage near Red Bluff Valley floor runoff, Shasta Dam to gage near Red Bluff Above gage near Red Bluff Minor Streams above valley floor (west side) From gage near Red Bluff to Stony Creek drainage From Stony Creek drainage to Cache Creek drain- age. From Cache Creek drainage to mouth of Sacra- mento River Stony Creek above mouth of canyon Cache Creek above gage near Lower Lake Cache Creek from gage near Lower Lake to gage near Capay Putah Creek above gage near Winters Minor Streams above valley floor (east side) From gage near Red Bluff to Feather River drain- age _ From Feather River drainage to American River drainage Sacramento valley floor Total minor streams Feather River North Fork of Feather River above gage near Prattville Middle Fork of Feather River above gage at Bidwell Bar Remainder of Feather River above gage near Oroville ! Above gage at Oroville Yuba River above gage at Smartville Bear River above gage near Wheatland American River North Fork of American River above gage near Colfax Middle Fork of American River above gage near Auburn Remainder of American River above gage at Fair Oaks Above gage at Fair Oaks Sacramento River at Sacramento Sub-basin or main tributary 256,000 3,170,000 1,403,000 900,000 1,083,000 1,283,000 375,000 408,000 128,000 22,000 467,000 247,000 237,000 396,000 1,179,800 305,000 321,000 742,000 1,568,000 2,286,000 2,415,000 356,000 584,000 1,178,000 1,012,000 Subtotals 67,900 3,426,000 5,729,000 8,470,000 3,710,800 4,596,000 2,415,000 356,000 2,774,000 Total for basin or group 22,389,700 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 407 TABLE 61— Continued ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, INCLUDING RUNOFF OF STREAMS FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO RECORDS, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Acre-feet Number on Plate 2 Basin, sub-basin, or stream group Sub-basin or main tributary Subtotals Total for basin or group 3-1 San Joaquin River Basin Tulare Lake tributary area Minor Streams above valley floor (east side) Including Grapevine Creek to Kern River drainage __ From Kern River drainage to Tule River drainage 71,200 84,700 84,200 736,000 140,000 416,000 1,715,000 3-2 3-3 From Tule River drainage to San Joaquin River drainage 3-4 Kern River above gage near Bakersfield 3-5 Tule River above Porterville 3-6 Kaweah River above gage near Three Rivers Kings River above gage at Piedra 3-7 East side San Joaquin Valley above valley floor tributary to Tulare Lake 3,247,100 3-8 West side San Joaquin Valley above valley floor tributary to Tulare Lake 66,400 Tulare Lake tributary area 3,313,500 3-10 San Joaquin River tributary area Minor streams above valley floor from San Joaquin River drainage to Stanislaus River drainage San Joaquin River above Friant Dam 180,000 1,816,000 103,000 91,300 1,027,000 1,900,000 1,210,000 3-11 3-12 Fresno River above gage near Daulton.. 3-13 Chowchilla River above gage at Buchanan dam site. 3-14 Merced River above gage at Exchequer.. 3-15 Tuolumne River above gage near LaGrange _ Stanislaus River above gage near Knights Ferry ._ East side San Joaquin Valley above valley floor tributary to San Joaquin River. _ 3-16 6,327,300 3-17 West side San Joaquin Valley above valley floor tributary to San Joaquin River. _ 58,500 San Joaquin River tributary area 6,385,800 3-19 Delta tributary area Minor streams above valley floor from Stanislaus River drainage to American River drainage Calaveras River above gage at Jenny Lind Mokelumne River above gage near Clements Cosumnes River above gage at Michigan Bar East side San Joaquin Valley above valley floor tributary to Delta. 185,000 199,000 780,000 374,000 3-20 3-21 3-22 1,538,000 3-23 West side San Joaquin Valley above valley floor tributary to Delta 9,500 Delta tributary area 1,547,500 TOTAL, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA 33,636,500 408 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 62 ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900. . 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04,. 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Pit River near Canby 393,000 360,000 326,000 145,000 168,000 269,000 280,000 360,000 313,000 539,000 240,000 347,000 450,000 250,000 520,000 373,000 418,000 288,000 247,000 393,000 164,000 180,000 400,000 138,000 201,000 110,000 380,000 186,000 125,000 80,000 213,000 80,000 382,000 256,000 114,000 139,000 39,000 240,000 120,000 44,000 216,000 262,000 190,000 571,000 124,000 206,000 267,000 345,000 410,000 148,000 262,000 206,000 110,000 256,000 Pit River near Ydalpom 4,692,000 4,556,000 4.109,000 2,553,000 2,822,000 3,530,000 3,602,000 4,269,000 3,846,000 5,824,000 4,278,000 4,538,000 5,223,000 3,364,000 5,121,000 3,709,000 4,241,000 3,027,000 3,220,000 4,885,000 3,999,000 4,281,000 3,736,000 2,877,000 3,413,000 2,369,000 4,262,000 3,341,000 2,508,000 1,872,000 2,978,000 2,315,000 3,794,000 3,027,000 2,042,000 2,475,000 1,641,000 2,483,000 2,138,000 1,903,000 3,109,000 2,879,000 2,411,000 5,227,000 2,092,000 3,671,000 4,207,000 4,152,000 3,826,000 2,602,000 2,947,000 3,305,000 2,312,000 3,426,000 McCloud River at Baird 2,036,000 1,908,000 1,758,000 969,000 1,073,000 1,450,000 1,497,000 1,393,000 1,621,000 2,490,000 1,805,000 1,865,000 2,188,000 1,381,000 2,116,000 1,531,000 1,666,000 1,257,000 1,268,000 2,054,000 2,047,000 1,936,000 1,246,000 1,032,000 1,190,000 801,000 1,808,000 1,181,000 927,000 645,000 1,324,000 921,000 1,791,000 1,239,000 774,000 1,008,000 632,000 789,000 837,000 840,000 1,037,000 1,062,000 954,000 2,181,000 934,000 1,790,000 2,206,000 1,887,000 1,349,000 950,000 1,230,000 1,443,000 1,018,000 1,403,000 Sacramento River above Shasta Dam 7,837,000 7,247,000 6,858,000 3,871,000 4,340,000 5,896,000 6,073,000 7,122,000 6,586,000 9,523,000 7,038,000 7,259,000 8,486,000 5 494,000 8,605,000 6,156,000 6,668,000 4,726,000 5,001,000 8,361,000 7,849,000 6,924,000 5,039,000 4,028,000 5,389,000 3,294,000 7,396,000 4,796,000 3,994,000 2,691,000 5,427,000 3,921,000 7,222,000 5,331,000 3,400,000 4,390,000 2,614,000 3,885,000 3,663,000 3,391,000 5,086,000 4,794,000 4,242,000 9,665,000 3,588,000 7,088,000 8,794,000 7,726,000 6,086,000 3,804,000 4,959,000 5,953,000 4,044,000 5,729,000 Sacramento River Shasta Dam to Red Bluff 4,463,000 4,104,000 3,529,000 1,267,000 1,640,000 2,815,000 2,950,000 4,257,000 3,356,000 6,581,000 3,744,000 4,033,000 5,395,000 2,422,000 5,966,000 2,953,000 3,440,000 1,848,000 2,043,000 5,355,000 4,719,000 3,755,000 2,095,000 1,413,000 2,435,000 923,000 4,080,000 1,870,000 1,353,000 603,000 2,651,000 1,753,000 3,749,000 2,303,000 999,000 1,704,000 708,000 1,197,000 928,000 1,111,000 2,407,000 2,281,000 1,737,000 5,012,000 782,000 3,405,000 5,520,000 3,535,000 2,417,000 871,000 1,682,000 2,103,000 1,030,000 2,741,000 Sacramento River near Red Bluff 12,300,000 11,351,000 10,387,000 5,138,000 5,980,000 8,711,000 9,023,000 11,379,000 9,942,000 16,104,000 10,782,000 11,292,000 13,881,000 7,916,000 14,571,000 9,109,000 10,108,000 6,574,000 7,044,000 13,716,000 12,568,000 10,679,000 7,134,000 5,441,000 7,824,000 4,217,000 11,476,000 6,666,000 5,347,000 3,294,000 8,078,000 5,674,000 10,971,000 7,634,000 4,399,000 6,094,000 3,322,000 5,082,000 4,591,000 4,502,000 7,493,000 7,075,000 5,979,000 14,677,000 4,370,000 10,493,000 14,314,000 11,261,000 8,503,000 4,675,000 6,641,000 8,056,000 5,074,000 8,470,000 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 409 TABLE 62— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95.... 95-96 , 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900.. 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN North Fork Feather River near Prattville 953,000 1,092,000 830,000 522,000 584,000 951,000 912,000 723,000 705,000 1,205,000 702,000 931,000 1,231,000 696,000 989,000 761,000 1,000,000 531,000 592,000 1,025,000 932,000 959,000 840,000 623,000 670,000 520,000 884,000 793,000 582,000 398,000 550,000 552,000 789,000 622,000 461,000 638,000 404,000 537,000 444,000 430,000 658,000 647,000 576,000 1,244,000 499,000 810,000 984,000 974,000 889,000 594,000 643,000 709,000 530,000 742,000 Middle Fork Feather River at Bidwell Bar 2,335,000 2,516,000 1,822,000 732,000 924,000 2,270,000 2,089,000 1,506,000 1,500,000 3,009,000 1,524,000 2,251,000 3,046,000 1,197,000 2,410,000 1,529,000 2,313,000 720,000 952,000 2,548,000 1,773,000 2,193,000 1,657,000 899,000 1,267,000 782,000 2,017,000 1,880,000 1,177,000 403,000 1,110,000 1,041,000 2,132,000 1,498,000 642,000 1,445,000 485,000 1,302,000 678,000 696,000 1,505,000 1,554,000 1,104,000 3,087,000 610,000 1,996,000 2,156,000 2,225,000 2,014,000 907,000 1,357,000 1,481,000 858,000 1,568,000 Feather River at Oroville 7,093,000 7,786,000 5,440,000 2,304,000 2,872,000 6,788,000 6,281,000 4,048,000 4,555,000 9,451,000 4,606,000 6,833,000 9,504,000 3,651,000 7,527,000 4,651,000 7,136,000 2,276,000 2,785,000 6,928,000 5,422,000 6,156,000 4,637,000 2,684,000 3,621,000 2,231,000 5,940,000 5,040,000 3,112,000 1,317,000 3,114,000 3,126,000 5,679,000 4,142,000 1,910,000 3,984,000 1,485,000 3,351,000 1,986,000 2,071,000 4,253,000 4,328,000 3,175,000 8,547,000 1,912,000 5,672,000 6,516,000 6,662,000 5,638,000 2,830,000 3,767,000 4,185,000 2,579,000 4,596,000 Yuba River at Smartville 3,946,000 2,620,000 3,310,000 1,305,000 2,128,000 3,061,000 2,871,000 2,694,000 2,438,000 4,190,000 2,489,000 3,721,000 4,544,000 1,691,000 3,968,000 2,756,000 3,606,000 1,209,000 1,492,000 3,061,000 2,690,000 3,300,000 2,530,000 1,348,000 1,976,000 1,298,000 3,168,000 2,972,000 2,073,000 603,000 2,123,000 1,606,000 3,542,000 2,435,000 1,097,000 1,817,000 641,000 2,114,000 1,078,000 988,000 2,240,000 2,589,000 1,858,000 4,034,000 907,000 2,860,000 3,209,000 3,407,000 3,133,000 1,395,000 2,112,000 2,401,000 1,365,000 2,415,000 Bear River at Wheatland 841,000 560,000 399,000 129,000 251,000 388,000 425,000 351,000 338,000 678,000 374,000 618,000 782,000 246,000 575,000 316,000 567,000 152,000 177,000 502,000 430,000 605,000 361,000 147,000 318,000 145,000 486,000 436,000 363,000 66,000 268,000 243,000 523,000 329,000 124,000 205,000 64,000 254,000 124,000 122,000 344,000 423,000 328,000 552,000 123,000 406,000 483,000 502,000 464,000 191,000 289,000 323,000 170,000 356,000 North Fork American River near Colfax 1,015,000 742,000 740,000 232,000 468,000 753,000 745,000 615,000 618,000 1,084,000 413,000 1,026,000 1,234,000 300,000 974,000 732,000 1,231,000 252,000 328,000 841,000 684,000 767,000 603,000 303,000 471,000 269,000 648,000 670,000 544,000 110,000 524,000 295,000 782,000 511,000 234,000 376,000 141,000 532,000 261,000 231,000 544.000 701,000 469,000 941,000 202,000 686,000 711,000 855,000 781,000 318,000 524,000 610,000 305,000 584,000 410 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 62— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95. 95-96. 96-97. 97-98. 98-99. 1899-1900. 00-01... 01-02... 02-03... 03-04... 1904-05. 05-06. 06-07. 07-08. 08-09. 1909-10- 10-11. 11-12. 12-13. 13-14. 1914-15. 15-16. 16-17. 17-18. 18-19. 1919-20. 20-21. 21-22. 22-23. 23-24. 1924-25. 25-26. 26-27. 27-28. 28-29. 1929-30. 30-31. 31-32. 32-33. 33-34. 1934-35. 35-36. 36-37. 37-38. 38-39. 1939-40. 40-41. 41-42. 42-43. 43-44. 1944-45. 45-46. Middle Fork American River near Auburn 1946-47 MEAN. 1,963,000 1,577,000 1,690,000 467,000 970,000 1,502,000 1,501,000 1,246,000 1,238,000 2,297,000 803,000 2,144,000 2,575,000 582,000 2,082,000 1,527,000 2,512,000 566,000 824,000 1,908,000 1,811,000 1,546,000 1,172,000 627,000 917,000 618,000 1,267,000 1,284,000 1,140,000 233,000 1,013,000 544,000 1,482,000 1,016,000 491,000 719,000 283,000 1,070,000 500,000 439,000 1,061,000 1,358,000 908,000 1,779,000 419,000 1,401,000 1,196,000 1,520,000 1,458,000 557,000 994,000 1,098,000 556,000 American River at Fair Oaks 1,178,000 5,182,000 3,564,000 3,064,000 938,000 1,854,000 3,297,000 3,396,000 2,592,000 2,515,000 5,390,000 2,174,000 4,838,000 5,786,000 1,526,000 4,624,000 3,614,000 5,554,000 1,338,000 1,513,000 4,045,000 3,154,000 3,940,000 2,923,000 1,503,000 2,229,000 1,467,000 3,204,000 3,279,000 2,751,000 543,000 2,717,000 1,386,000 3,652,000 2,521,000 1,147,000 1,652,000 716,000 2,595,000 1,270,000 1,124,000 2,581,000 3,393,000 2,328,000 4,507,000 1,040,000 3,403,000 3,142,000 3,914,000 3,875,000 1,462,000 2,514,000 2,866,000 1,417,000 Stony Creek above Canyon Mouth 2,774,000 1,315,000 571,000 408,000 86,900 217,000 348,000 371,000 894,000 726,000 1,032,000 618,000 684,000 1,072,000 350,000 1,316,000 363,000 712,000 65,600 148,000 1,073,000 816,000 538,000 284,000 148,000 266,000 69,400 641,000 259,000 221,000 42,800 509,000 307,000 637,000 377,000 102,000 248,000 90,200 232,000 135,000 195,000 336,000 356,000 229,000 1,012,000 114,000 614,000 1,292,000 776,000 453,000 215,000 262,000 404,000 202,000 Cache Creek near Capay* 467,000 1,366,000 792,000 536,000 6,500 76,400 311,000 484,000 727,000 475,000 1,006,000 647,000 820,000 1,059,000 282,000 1,358,000 245,000 582,000 8,700 162,000 1,291,000 1,095,000 784,000 280,000 64,000 280,000 —28,100 736,000 208,000 214,000 —70,300 513,000 320,000 830,000 399,000 15,300 291,000 —60,200 185,000 53,700 122,000 414,000 465,000 273,000 1,352,000 —4,000 785,000 1,554,000 1,015,000 474,000 141,000 229,000 405,000 74,600 Putah Creek near Winters 484,000 908,000 576,000 506,000 17,000 216,000 506,000 489,000 698,000 356,000 663,000 820,000 583,000 691,000 200,000 882,000 228,000 487,000 57,300 134,000 896,000 711,000 710,000 286,000 90,700 318,000 45,000 513,000 232,000 280,000 41,200 352,000 350,000 547,000 304,000 68,900 325,000 34,200 203,000 97,100 148,000 355,000 349,000 283,000 857,000 45,200 679,000 1,007,000 718,000 322,000 181,000 209,000 264,000 132,000 Kern River near Bakersfield 396,000 1,039,000 643,000 904,000 300,000 343,000 332,000 892,000 585.000 572,000 484,000 564,000 1,859,000 1,175,000 540,000 1,781,000 758,000 1,024,000 435,000 371,000 1,115,000 681,000 1,962,000 892,000 530,000 548,000 606,000 533,000 862,000 538,000 202,000 481,000 354,000 816,000 351,000 342,000 360,000 195,000 749,000 456,000 244,000 485,000 803,000 1,244,000 1,388,000 510,000 794,000 1,389,000 829,000 1,235,000 646,000 893,000 905,000 466,000 736,000 * Does not include Clear Lake evaporation. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 411 TABLE 62— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900. . 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Tule River above Porterville 222,000 120,000 177,000 51,700 49,800 44,700 160,000 139,000 147,000 94,500 106,000 487,000 212,000 110,000 398,000 158,000 150,000 67,000 39,500 170,000 143,000 349,000 181,000 52,600 78,500 115,000 93,500 144,000 106,000 25,600 94,200 51,200 135,000 50,400 57,100 48,100 20,600 136,000 82,800 22,800 92,800 166,000 291,000 341,000 84,400 200,000 233,000 138,000 340,000 106,000 197,000 96,300 56,700 140,000 Kaweah River near Three Rivers 733,000 340,000 445,000 223,000 307,000 317,000 697,000 344,000 413,000 375,000 345,000 1,104,000 600,000 256,000 802,000 409,000 546,000 207,000 221,000 487,000 370,000 762,000 471,000 228,000 259,000 350,000 348,000 461,000 363,000 102,000 326,000 219,000 484,000 203,000 223,000 217,000 114,000 519,000 283,000 131,000 358,000 487,000 677,000 871,000 247,000 513,000 642,000 491,000 671,000 315,000 551,000 356,000 265,000 416,000 Kings River at Piedra 3,042,000 1,536,000 1,948,000 881,000 1,278,000 1,307,000 2,956,000 1,505,000 1,640,000 1,688,000 1,450,000 3,900,000 2,731,000 997,000 2,796,000 1,779,000 2,827,000 968,000 942,000 2,548,000 1,817,000 3,042,000 1,893,000 1,364,000 1,203,000 1,405,000 1,532,000 2,198,000 1,556,000 392,000 1,290,000 1,037,000 1,984,000 971,000 849,000 863,000 466,000 2,084,000 1,181,000 659,000 1,621,000 1,876,000 2,341,000 3,274,000 974,000 1,790,000 2,543,000 2,005,000 2,027,000 1,168,000 2,062,000 1,612,000 1,107,000 1,715,000 San Joaquin River above Friant Dam 2,790,000 1,986,000 2,220,000 922,000 1,270,000 1,344,000 3,004,000 1,585,000 1,716,000 1,768,000 1,526,000 4,086,000 2,878,000 1,164,000 2,904,000 2,042,000 3,588,000 1,038,000 908,000 2,890,000 1,965,000 2,777,000 1,952,000 1,472,000 1,303,000 1,320,000 1,602,000 2,358,000 1,660,000 446,000 1,445,000 1,170,000 2,009,000 1,168,000 873,000 880,000 489,000 2,062,000 1,116,000 706,000 1,935,000 1,868,000 2,222,000 3,705,000 946,000 1,889,000 2,654,000 2,265,000 2,070,000 1,281,000 2,142,000 1,742,000 1,138,000 1,816,000 Fresno River near Daulton 359,000 92,200 135,000 26,100 56,400 75,700 180,000 57,800 81,200 116,000 72,900 272,000 299,000 33,000 166,000 97,700 297,000 50,400 26,900 154,000 103,000 210,000 117,000 69,000 60,000 57,300 81,000 136,000 118,000 19,300 62,100 40,700 96,600 58,600 23,400 26,900 9,000 111,000 31,500 14,500 92,400 100,000 132,000 299,000 35,100 107,000 175,000 100,000 103,000 42,800 99,700 41,900 26,800 103,000 Chowchilla River at Buchanan Damsite 305,000 86,300 128,000 17,800 49,500 69,800 165,000 50,800 74,900 110,000 67,300 240,000 259,000 25,400 155,000 95,200 265,000 24,800 18,400 146,000 97,700 155,000 104,000 62,200 43,200 44,400 87,600 108,000 68,400 5,100 73,600 34,900 97,700 50,100 22,200 24,800 3,000 110,000 17,700 11,200 99,400 119,000 136,000 259,000 24,000 101,000 158,000 90,000 102,000 32,800 85,900 39,500 20,400 91,300 412 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 62— Continued ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, FROM MAIN STREAM AND TRIBUTARY BASINS FOR WHICH RECORDS ARE AVAILABLE, CENTRAL VALLEY AREA In Acre-feet Season Oct. 1-Sept. 30 1894-95 95-96 96-97 97-98 98-99 1899-1900. _ 00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 25-26 26-27 27-28 28-29 1929-30 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44 1944-45 45-46 1946-47 MEAN Merced River at Exchequer 2,378,000 1,008,000 1,311,000 444,000 742,000 899,000 1,554,000 753,000 944,000 1,187,000 883,000 2,005,000 2,121,000 526,000 1,480,000 1,066,000 2,115,000 515,000 440,000 1,415,000 1,105,000 1,459,000 1,126,000 831,000 682,000 687,000 1,014,000 1,420,000 942,000 252,000 910,000 610,000 1,084,000 737,000 486,000 513,000 262,000 1,113,000 516,000 360,000 1,170,000 1,154,000 1,213,000 2,081,000 477,000 1,092,000 1,462,000 1,287,000 1,289,000 684,000 1,098,000 942,000 567,000 Tuolumne River near La Grange 1,027,000 2,798,000 1,913,000 2,414,000 917,000 1,432,000 1,776,000 2,922,000 1,589,000 1,879,000 2,440,000 1,631,000 3,615,000 3,747,000 1,047,000 2,677,000 2,114,000 3,424,000 1,061,000 1,081,000 2,627,000 2,075,000 2,360,000 2,223,000 1,462,000 1,350,000 1,345,000 2,023,000 2,475,000 1,786,000 552,000 1,951,000 1,123,000 2,050,000 1,525,000 979,000 1,149,000 607,000 2,113,000 1,107,000 817,000 2,104,000 2,165,000 1,998,000 3,432,000 989,000 2,218,000 2,494,000 2,362,000 2,376,000 1,312,000 2,093,000 1,878,000 1,099,000 1,900,000 Stanislaus River near Knights Ferry 2,682,000 1,391,000 1,420,000 406,000 828,000 944,000 1,825,000 945,000 1,102,000 1,826,000 958,000 2,278,000 2,811,000 637,000 1,926,000 1,406,000 2,357,000 600,000 594,000 1,801,000 1,301,000 1,668,000 1,377,000 828,000 768,000 743,000 1,262,000 1,430,000 1,130,000 261,000 1,224,000 606,000 1,364,000 950,000 517,000 732,000 315,000 1,354,000 613,000 445,000 1,258,000 1,411,000 1,179,000 2,184,000 540,000 1,470,000 1,407,000 1,541,000 1,645,000 700,000 1,327,000 1,217,000 652,000 1,210,000 Calaveras River at Jenny Lind 470,000 194,000 339,000 44,100 218,000 91,600 234,000 135,000 235,000 378,000 136,000 428,000 708,000 72,700 392,000 195,000 675,000 63,000 31,400 273,000 266,000 344,000 348,000 212,000 97,300 83,200 222,000 220,000 181,000 23,700 159,000 65,300 181,000 130,000 41,000 66,500 13,400 139,000 32,400 57,600 150,000 286,000 232,000 372,000 33,300 208,000 202,000 200,000 276,000 77,400 154,000 117,000 49,100 199,000 Mokelumne River near Clements 1,449,000 790,000 1,025,000 360,000 582,000 733,000 1,209,000 646,000 794,000 1,338,000 665,000 1,374,000 1,737,000 480,000 1,177,000 919,000 1,533,000 401,000 438,000 1,087,000 837,000 1,042,000 877,000 527,000 596,000 469,000 875,000 925,000 710,000 187,000 835,000 375,000 896,000 640,000 342,000 467,000 212,000 764,000 412,000 302,000 736,000 935,000 742,000 1,308,000 347,000 903,000 873,000 1,012,000 1,054,000 460,000 799,000 761,000 404,000 780,000 Cosumnes River at Michigan Bar WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 413 CO Q O O CO CO o I-i o I— I Q H H H S> i— I o Eh H « »— i ffl 414 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA FLOOD FLOWS Histories of early settlements in Sacramento Valley mention a great flood in 1805 which is supposed to have covered the entire valley except the Sutter Buttes. It is related that thousands of Indians were drowned. Stories handed down by Indians and trappers tell of another flood of large but indeterminate magnitude in 1825. There are reliable accounts of devastation that year in the south, but the authenticity of Indian legends regarding devastion in the north is questionable. The Forty-Niners met their first flood in 1849-50, when the Sacra- mento Valley was partially inundated. It is reported that small mountain streams became raging torrents, and that the larger rivers generally flooded wide stretches of the valley floor. According to one early writer, "The valley of the Sacramento was like an inland sea, and the city of Sacramento became a second Venice," and "instead of gondolas, the honest miners navigated the submerged streets in wagon-boxes, bakers' troughs, crockery crates, and on rafts made of whiskey-kegs. ' ' Descriptions of the floods of 1861-62, by Thomas Rowlandson, are contained in Bancroft's "Hand-Book Almanac for the Pacific States, 1863." Following these floods, the author toured the West Coast from Mexico to the Canadian border. He states that there were three heavy storms between December 9, 1861, and January 10, 1862, extending the full length of the Pacific Coast. Each was preceded by a heavy snowfall that reached to the valley floors. According to William H. Brewer's description of these floods in l ' Up and Down in California in 1860-1864, ' ' the "great central valley" of the State was under water — "a region 250 to 300 miles long and an average of at least 20 miles wide, a district of 5,000 or 6,000 square miles, or probably three to three and a half million acres. ' ' Thousands of farms, he stated, were entirely under water, with cattle starving and drowning. In January, 1862, the American River rose to a height probably not since equalled. Many bridges were destroyed, isolating whole communi- ties, and at Folsom a flour mill was washed away taking with it a wire suspension bridge. The attested high water mark of this flood, made on an old stone stable on the left bank of American River 1.5 miles above Fol- som, indicates that the flood crest would have registered^39.3 feet on the present gage at Folsom, or 7 feet higher than the crest of March, 1928. After the flood of 1861-62, it was estimated that more than one-fourth of all taxable property in the State had been destroyed, and the State Treasurer thought the tax list would be cut one-third. This was the great- est and most disastrous general flood in California of which there is authentic record, and there is much interesting and reliable information available regarding it. Some of the local newspapers, notably the ' ' Sacra- mento Union" and the "Alta California," carried day-by-day accounts of its progress. There have been many damaging floods in the Central Valley Area since 1861-62. One of the greater of these was in 1907 when an estimated 300,000 acres of reclaimed land in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta was submerged owing to the breaking of many levees. During four days from March 18th to 21st the mean flow from the Sacramento and San Joaquin River watersheds was about 732,000 second-feet. Floods in 1909 were comparable in runoff and disaster to any known up to that time, and conditions were again critical in 1911. Records at gaging stations on many WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 415 streams show maximum peak flows during 1928. A large flood in the Area occurred in 1937, during which year all important streams in the Central Valley from San Joaquin River north were in flood. Major floods occurred during November and December 1950 on streams of the Central Valley Area from the Yuba south to the Kern, resulting in many instances in stages unprecedented during the periods of record. Preliminary estimates of peak flows of these 1950 floods at certain stations were available at date of publication of this bulletin, and where applicable have been included in the following tabulation showing maximum recorded instantaneous flood flows at representative stream gaging stations in the Central Valley Area. Maximum recorded instantaneous discharge Stream and station Date Hat Creek near Hat Creek December 11 Pit River at Big Bend December 12 McCloud River at Baird February 28 Sacramento River at Shasta Dam February 28 Sacramento River near Red Bluff February 28 Deer Creek near Vina December 10 Stony Creek above Stony Gorge Reservoir December 10 North Fork Feather River near Prattville March 19 Indian Creek near Crescent Mills February 28 North Fork Feather River at Big Bar December 11 South Fork Feather River at Enterprise December 10 Middle Fork Feather River at Bidwell Bar December 11 Feather River near Oroville March 19 North Fork Yuba River below Goodyear Bar December 11 Rock Creek at Goodyear Bar March 25, Goodyear Creek at Goodyear Bar March 25 Oregon Creek near North San Juan March 25 Middle Fork Yuba River near North San Juan March 25 Yuba River at Smartville March 26 Bear River near Wheatland January 21 North Fork Cache Creek near Lower Lake February 28 Cache Creek at Yolo February 28 Putah Creek near Winters February 27 North Fork American River at North Fork Dam January 21 Middle Fork American River near Auburn March 25 Silver Fork American River near Kyburz December 11 South Fork American River near Kyburz December 11 Alder Creek near Whitehall March 25 Silver Creek at Union Valley December 11 South Fork Silver Creek near Icehouse December 11 Silver Creek near Placerville December 11 South Fork American River near Camino December 11, 1937 1937 1940 1940 1940 1937 1937 1907 1940 1937 1937 1937 1907 1937 1928 1928 1928 1928 1928 1943 1940 1940 1940 1943 1928 1937 1937 1928 1937 1937 1937 1937 Second-feet 2,500 34,200 50,000 182,000 291,000 23,800 20,800 10,000 14,000 66,900 17,300 93,000 230,000 26,000 1,600 1,800 4,000 26,000 120,000 31,300 20,000 38,700 70,000 42,600 62,000 5,450 9,700 1,760 8,560 2,200 14,600 34,400 416 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Maximum recorded instantaneous discharge Stream and station Date Second-feet American River at Fair Oaks November 21, 1950 169,000* San Joaquin River above Big Creek December 11, 1937 52,500 San Joaquin River near Friant December 11, 1937 77,200 Kern River near Kernville January 17, 1916 9,690 South Fork Kern River near Onyx March 2, 1938 3,450 Kern River near Bakersfield November 19, 1950 45,000* Tule River near Porterville March 9, 1943 15,500 South Fork Tule River near Success March 9, 1943 6,210 North Fork Kaweah River near Kaweah December 11, 1937 8,290 Kaweah River near Three Rivers November 19, 1950 45,000* North Fork Kings River near Cliff Camp December 11, 1937 14,000 Kings River at Piedra November 19, 1950 110,000* Fresno River near Knowles March 12,1938 7,630 Chowchilla River at Buchanan Dam Site March 2, 1938 18,900 Merced River at Happy Isles Bridge near Yosemite December 11, 1937 10,600 Tenaya Creek near Yosemite December 11, 1937 5,550 Merced River at Pohono Bridge near Yosemite December 11, 1937 22,000 Merced River at Kittridge December 11, 1937 59,000 Orestimba Creek near Newman January 21, 1943 4,900 Falls Creek near Hetch Hetchy December 11, 1937 6,300 Tuolumne River near Hetch Hetchy June 1, 1943 12,900 Eleanor Creek near Hetch Hetchy December 11, 1937 10,500 Cherry Creek near Hetch Hetchy December 11, 1937 18,100 Middle Tuolumne River at Oakland Recreation Camp December 11, 1937 2,910 South Fork Tuolumne River near Oakland Recreation Camp December 11, 1937 6,950 Tuolumne River near Buck Meadow January 14, 1909 27,200 Woods Creek near Jacksonville February 9, 1938 13,500 Tuolumne River above La Grange Dam near La Grange January 31, 1911 60,300 North Fork Stanislaus River near Avery December 11, 1937 17,700 Middle Fork Stanislaus River at Sand Bar Flat near Avery December 11, 1937 26,500 Stanislaus River below Melones Powerhouse November 21, 1950 45,000* Calaveras River at Jenny Lind January 31, 1911 69,600 North Fork Mokelumne River below Salt Springs Dam March 25, 1928 8,740 Bear River at Pardoe Camp December 11, 1937 5,850 Middle Fork Mokelumne River at West Point January 23, 1914 2,550 South Fork Mokelumne River near West Point February 2, 1945 3,760 South Fork Mokelumne River near Railroad Flat January 25, 1914 3,330 North Fork Cosumnes River near El Dorado March 31, 1940 8,350 Cosumnes River at Michigan Bar November 18, 1950 27,200* Mokelumne River near Clements November 21, 1950 30,000* * Preliminary estimate, subject to revision. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 417 FLOOD FREQUENCIES In flood-frequency studies for streams of the Central Valley Area shown on Plates 40 to 82, recorded flow was used except where the effect of upstream regulation was considered sufficient to justify correction. Gaging stations for which such correction was made, and the works by which stream flow regulation was effected are indicated in the following tabulation : Gaging station Regulating works Sacramento River at Shasta Dam Shasta Reservoir Sacramento River near Red Bluff Shasta Reservoir Stony Creek above Stony Gorge East Park Reservoir Stony Creek near Orland East Park Reservoir North Fork of Feather River near Prattville Lake Almanor Almanor-Butt Creek Tunnel North Fork of Feather River at Big Bar Lake Almanor Butt Valley Reservoir Middle Fork of Yuba River near North San Juan Milton-Bowman Tunnel Tuolumne River near Hetch Hetchy Hetch Hetchy Reservoir Stanislaus River below Melones Powerhouse Melones Reservoir North Fork of Mokelumne River below Salt Springs Dam Salt Springs Reservoir Tiger Creek Power Conduit Mokelumne River near Clements Salt Springs Reservoir Pardee Reservoir Studies for streams and locations listed in the tabulation on page 418, were made from records at two or more stations, as indicated. Floods at each station were reduced to second-feet per square mile, and then com- bined and used as the record for a single station. In flood-frequency studies in the Central Valley Area a number of special conditions were encountered which were dealt with as discussed in the following paragraphs. Hat Creek has a perennial flow of 0.65 second-foot per square mile. Flows shown on the flood-frequency curve for that stream have been reduced by this amount. No stream flow records are available for North Fork of Feather River at Big Bar for April, 1907, or for the seasons of 1909, 1911, and 1938, during which periods floods of large magnitude occurred. Their magni- tudes were estimated from a correlation with the summation of corre- sponding floods at stations on the North Fork of Feather River near Prattville, Indian Creek near Crescent Mills and Spanish Creek at Keddie. Gaps in records at the three latter stations were first filled by inter-station correlations. The year 1911 was not included in the study, since the record for that year was missing at all stations. The study for Indian Creek near Crescent Mills was extended by means of correlations with Spanish Creek at Keddie, and the North Fork of Feather River at Prattville, to cover the period from 1906 to 1948, excluding 1911. 14—27922 418 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Stream and location at gaging station Stony Creek above Stony Gorge Reser- voir Stony Creek near Orland. North Fork of Yuba River below Good- year Bar Middle Fork of Yuba River near North San Juan Yuba River at Smartville. Bear River near Wheatland. North Fork of American River at North Fork Dam South Fork of Mokelumne River near West Point Stanislaus River below Melones Power- house Tuolumne River above La Grange Dam near La Grange Kern River near Kernville-. Gaging stations for which records were combined Stony Creek — near Elk Creek above Stony Gorge Reservoir computed inflow to Stony Gorge Reservoir .. Stony Creek — near Fruto near Orland North Fork of Yuba River— at Goodyear Bar below Goodyear Bar Middle Fork of Yuba River — near North San Juan above Oregon Creek plus Oregon Creek Yuba River — at Smartville at Narrows Dam plus Deer Creek near Smart ville Bear River — at Van Trent near Wheatland North Fork of American River — near Colfax at North Fork Dam South Fork of Mokelumne River- near Railroad Flat near West Point Stanislaus River — at Knights Ferry near Knights Ferry below Melones Powerhouse Tuolumne River — at La Grange Dam above La Grange Dam near La Grange Kern River — at Kernville near Kernville Years 1920-1933 1935-1941 1941-1949 1901-1912 1920-1929 1911-1931 1932-1947 1912-1941 1941-1948 1904-1941 1942-1948 1905-1927 1929-1948 1913-1941 1941-1948 1911-1934 1934-1947 1903-1915 1915-1931 1931-1948 1896-1915 1915-1948 1905-1912 1913-1948 The study for North Fork of Yuba River was based on records at Goodyear Bar and below Goodyear Bar. The gaging station below Good- year Bar was destroyed by a flood on December 11, 1937, and was not reinstalled until December, 1938. This resulted in a break in the record from November 9, 1937, through December 9, 1938. High-water marks indicated that during this period a flood occurred that probably was greater than any other either at or below Goodyear Bar. The basic data for the study of San Joaquin River near Friant are records for the period from 1907 to 1910, published by the United States Geological Survey, and records of daily natural flow since 1910 computed by Miller and Lux. The latter record includes corrections for all upstream regulation. Flood flows in streams draining high basins on the west slope of the Sierra Nevada have been grouped into two classes, designated by the major source of flow as either rain-water or snow-water floods. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 419 Snow-water floods, resulting- from the melting of snow pack during periods of high temperature, are characterized by flows of moderate intensity lasting for many days or even several weeks. They occur for the most part during the spring and early summer months. Rain-w T ater floods, produced by excessive precipitation in the form of rain, are characterized by high flows that seldom last more than two or three days. These floods occur mostly in the late fall and winter. How- ever, as a result of thunderstorms, small basins in the higher mountains may occasionally produce rain-water floods during the summer. In flood-frequency analyses of rain-water floods an attempt has been made to exclude snow-water floods, by omitting all flows occurring subsequent to April 15 and prior to November 1. For major drainage basins above foothill gaging stations this exclusion has accomplished its intended purpose. Although snow-water flows do occur prior to April 15, rain-water flows prior to that date are so much larger that few if any snow-water floods appear in calculations from which flood-frequency graphs were prepared. Excluding flows between April 15 and November 1 in the smaller basins, which for the most part lie below the snow line, was also effective in eliminating snow-water floods from the calculations. The flood-frequency graphs for smaller basins in the higher Sierra Nevada are not entirely representative of true rain-water floods. During many winters the snow cover in these basins is so deep that any precipita- tion in the form of rain is quickly absorbed, and no rain-water runoff occurs. It is only at rare intervals in these small high basins that warm rains fall on a snow cover sufficiently shallow to result in heavy rain- water floods. On the other hand, small rain-water floods that occur in such basins during the early spring are imposed upon snow-water floods. They appear in the lists of rain-water floods, even though predominantly of the snow-water type. Consequently, in drafting curves for these smaller basins in the high Sierra Nevada, primary consideration was given to larger flows which could be definitely identified as rain-water floods, and little significance was attached to smaller floods in which snow water often made up the major portion of the flow. Rain-water flood-frequency curves which were adjusted to com- pensate for floods obviously caused by melting snow are for the following streams, at the gaging stations indicated : Kern River near Kernville ; South Fork of Kern River near Onyx ; North Fork of Kaweah River at Kaweah ; North Fork of Kings River at Cliff Camp ; Merced River at Happy Isles Bridge ; Falls Creek near Hetch Hetchy ; Tuolumne River near Hetch Hetchy; Eleanor Creek near Hetch Hetchy ; Cherry Creek near Hetch Hetchy ; Middle Fork of Tuolumne River at Oakland Recreation Camp ; South Fork of Tuolumne River near Oakland Recreation Camp ; Tuolumne River near Buck Meadow ; North Fork of Stanislaus River near Avery ; Middle Fork of Stanislaus River at Sand Bar Flat ; North Fork of Mokelumne River below Salt Springs ; Bear River at Pardoe Camp ; San Joaquin River above Big Creek. 420 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Flood-frequency studies involving runoff resulting primarily from snow melt were made for the streams listed below, the flood-frequency curves appearing as Plates 78 to 82. These studies were of total runoff for the period from April 1st to July 31st. Although some runoff during this period resulted from rainfall, this was of minor influence. Kern River near Baker sfield ; Tule River above South Fork near Porterville ; Kaweah River near Three Rivers ; Kings River at Piedra ; San Joaquin River near Friant ; Merced River at Exchequer ; Tuolumne River above La Grange Dam near La Grange ; Stanislaus River below Melones Powerhouse ; Mokelumne River near Clements. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 421 PLATE 40 .1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 6 [* < i 1 O < v k 'c /t / ^ - \ > i v 6 / LEGEND \ * » 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood AlpJ i i ?7 . i 1 1 1 1 1 1 HAT CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR HAT CREEK AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 155 SQUARE MILES T3 >- o o c 3 cr _D O Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 / / 1 1 N I -{ +u 1 1 I Q 1 if I ■ 1 II 11 a 1 Is/ rn II T*r TIT 10 Jf & 1 day flood _^ 1 JTi L LL • 2 day flood Si& t O 3 day flood _ 1 ' TtLTTf. ♦ 5 day flood - 1 _ - L B K J d r ay He r iod - rr PIT RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BIG BEND AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 4920 SQUARE MILES 422 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 41 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 I i / 1 / / / / r / 1 / i /, 'l L /■ / / / II / ♦ J T / *r* < h p m ■ Jb % Ictd , - ♦ ' siL LEGEND ■i 3- 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ■ ► 5 day flood - < •i i ? ; t r r MCCLOUD RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BAIRD AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 685 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § O Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C )00 1 / / / / // / / / / / / / / / / / / / ' ' l 1 1 '///) ) u • O II 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 m L. fald III 4/ w c rri < > 1 day flood _ » 2 day flood 3 3 day flood _ ► 5 day flood ■ a 10 day flood '. J ! & < 1 < i 1 s WW fH 'M < ' SACRAME A -J RE vJT :a of O RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT SHASTA DAM DRAINAGE BASIN 6649 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 423 PLATE 42 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 80- / / / /, ' / / / / / / // / / / / / ft / ■1 % / //) II -Uk' 1 // s / Vti / Jjj «/ V71 1° J 71 s TYf m I x wr A LEGEND 9- 1 day flood _ • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood _ *■ 5 day flood ■ a 10 day flood ! / 1 / ( / i \ { 'll t t i iit J / btb 1 J Ml L n?r ¥ I' \i'i> 1 SACRAMENTO RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR RED BLUFF AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 9258 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C )00 ! j i 1 / / i / \ / 1 ' i I / / II 7 / 4 h / y 1 i I W >/ 7 / A i / ■*T' °l .EC EN D h / Su 9- 1 day flood • 2 day flood' 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood w M- Q »•« /*£¥-fh ^~ i -i i i r i DEER CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR VINA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 200 SQUARE MILES 424 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 43 i Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 i i J i f / zl^tt / n r f zt / / / _x ij '/ j , / /; / / / 7. Q r ■ 7/ 7 T' / T / j / JZ / 1 / ' £ J / .i LZ i ■ / ■« « w y LEGEND p i // 1 < * 1 day flood * 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ►• 5 day flood A % f ( Ji fs ft (I ftfi r£ < MjP+ M skJL W - STONY CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE ABOVE STONY GORGE RESERVOIR AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 266 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1< 300 II B f f / J ' / 3^ 1- 7 i 1 i ( 1 / / ♦ ? 1 r-j ' 11 r 1 7 1 / / i 1 ./j ( ♦7 // 5j ' Win ■ ^ / r*l 1 - 1 .EG EN D r- / ■< ► 1 day flood ► 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood h L- < i £ # < tr jTbyLT i 5 L STONY CREEK FLOOD DIS NEAR ORLAND AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 636 SQUARE CHARGE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 425 PLATE 44 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 f // ' A II III 7 * . III iB • » 7> LEGEND < >4 h i * 1 day Rood • 2 day Rood 3 3 day flood - ► 5 day Rood . ( i i __ . )RTH FORK FEATHER RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR PRATTVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 507 SQUARE MILES .1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 80- II / / / / / / / / /// / / ' A a //// LM rfn III \*m ' ill ► *4 R < "7 ' i LEC EIv D - * ©■ 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood *■ 5 day flood _ i e: INDIAN CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR CRESCENT MILLS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 746 SQUARE MILES 426 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 45 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years c I / ) k£ 1 rx 1 j-o 1 Li j / /, ' J ►e // n / */°y f / 5 / « 7 7 ° a/ *loJ < LEGEND r fr 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood . •■ 5 day flood ; a 10 day flood ! i i i i i i S / t A faff / < r 4 / vfW i >RTH FORK FEATHER RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BIG BAR AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1945 SQUARE MILES >- o c ( » 2 day flood A wtfr 1 3 3 day flood - t WJ s &S-i < ► 5 day flood _ Ji iw -flr - £& f/ -©■ a «f ♦ d i a/ ♦ Jam r I LtbtNU ■©■ 1 day flood 1 *■£**& ( • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood - a 10 day Rood '. y ( /. tUJ rj l V 7 7 J /i « / J a' \fy R ** ' t rm PflT 1 DDLE FORK FEATHER RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BIDWELL BAR AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1353 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 "■, s Daily mean flow in second-feet per squc 10 re mile 00 1C K)0 \ / / I / r~ n I l i 1 1 l\ 1 / III / 1 1 // r ' / 6 /• a / £ /■* ► /o/< a lculpiu ^ 1 day flood _ • 2 day flood i 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood a 10 day flood 1 l l l l i FEATHER RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR OROVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 3611 SQUARE MILES 428 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 47 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 i i / 1 \ i i / / / ; / / ' t ' 1 / 1 i f / i // K- i 1 7 ° h i */ ♦/ I yW .EGEND < * 1 day flood * 2 day flood > 3 day flood • ► 5 day flood • < i _____ SIORTH FORK YUBA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE BELOW GOODYEAR BAR AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 244 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C 100 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 8 //// / /// ' // / // / '/ / ' ) «o ■O 1 .EG EN D J_l ■&■ i > 1 day flood ► 2 day flood > 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood ■ J ©■ < J JaJS- t76 fytp. F ? 4 w <£t M cfm ROCK CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE AT GOODYEAR BAR AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 11 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 429 PLATE 48 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 5 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / / VT / / I / / / i / / J III III 1 I r 1 m a ii e / /*■ - .EGEND 4 * 1 day flood * 2 day flood 5 3 day flood • ► 5 day flood • , < tcW*| ' 4 _ GOODYEAR CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE AT GOODYEAR BAR AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 12 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 1 1 / j i / / j / / / / / / / _ I f / / '/ h'-/ // // 'I u 4 U H I J •7 J U f y J ►/ »« j7-< ►/ LEC Ef\ D j- » & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood »■ 5 day flood £**& hi V* / < > f 1 V /» W LEGEND ■i ^ I day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood m i < < I I I I I I /IIDDLE FORK YUBA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR NORTH SAN JUAN AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 207 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 i< X)0 /// / / /// / f '/ / ' / / / } / / / J , / / 1 // // ' A /Oi Z / 7 / J te/ 1 *>> V "" •/< '*/ S/ . LLULI1U 8- ] day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •• 5 day flood B» 10 day flood i 1 — i — l — i — r- 1 Y UI 3/ \ Rr EA O s/ER FLOC AT SMART - DRAINAGE BASIf> 3C VIL 119 > [ LE 4 5 QL sc ARE ;harg MILES 1 ! i i — i — i—i- E WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 431 PLATE 50 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 5 J / / / / / I ' / / / 1 / j 1 / / r <• n <■/ 1 / ♦j LI j- / / ' / J ^t !c 7 f re t^ I y^ f , -9 0/ I i /< 3 j > .EGEND f < * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 5 3 day flood - ► 5 day flood - i 4 1 J\d4\ t BEAR RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR WHEATLAND AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 295 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- / n / ZE _j / / 3 3t / / ± / i / // 1 ► A i // i ■• /fl aj > i / J / / D ' r i 1 J 1 6 lE / f te- le- f 1 l 4 LEC ;en D 1- h r- A / ©■ 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •" 5 day flood i — i r — t — i — i- a v * H / 7 J Ju w4 , PU T/ A ■\ CI REA O REEK F NEAR F DRAINAGE 7 7 LOO WINTEf 3ASIN 577 D sq DIS UARE -CHARC MILES i i i i i i 5E U 432 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 51 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / / 1 I j / / / ' / X J ± 1 f // I 1 j 1 i / - >/ / / j i ' j J 1 0/ i £y /< LEGEND J i B 1 day flood • 2 day Rood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood \ // Afi L/l rn »/» ■1 / // J^L/ A . vJORTH FORK CACHE CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR LOWER LAKE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 214 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § o Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic 100 1 / 1 j / Mi 1 / / / / / / i / / / / / / 77] u/-*/ <3* 7 III / 7 7 7 1 t J / / / i r T°r'' e l F / / / 7 1 - '« , E /Oif A? '- ► lorn /■©■ LtfcLINU ^ ! day flood • 2 day flood O 3 day flood ♦ 5 day flood 8 10 day ficjod / U T > i / / / c tl > h & J U * t, J* ■ b 4 a M i CACHE CF AREA OF 3EEK FLOOD DISCHARGE AT YOLO • DRAINAGE BASIN 1150 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 433 PLATE 52 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years o§ s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 J // /// ' 1 I j f / ' / J ' i / / / ♦- / i * / L f / 1 ♦ i o. V / / < *f° k r^ / ♦ V t i h V .EGEND hi- / i *■ 1 day Flood t 2 day Flood 3 3 day flood ■ ► 5 day fiood - V ( T 4 i t jbl A >*/*/•/ RTH FORK AMERICAN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT NORTH FORK DAM AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 343 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 18 8 - Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1 000 \ _j / / / / i / / / / y— A ' / // 1 1 / 4 -©- i I I 4 / 7 / n Li i L * r / tl °r ■ k LEG END - lpj& < * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood *• 5 day flooo * 1 1 1 1 1 1 X DDLE FORK AM AREA ERICAN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR AUBURN OF DRAINAGE BASIN 619 SQUARE MILES 434 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 53 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years ^8 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 -Pa / // / /' ' / / / / / / 1 1 m. a * • / /y«- .EGEND - < * 1 day flood * 2. day flood 5 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ( < JrSzmlM < _VER FORK AMERICAN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR KYBURZ AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 108 SQUARE MILES 8 u c 3 cr _o _s o 10 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 y '/ / / / / / / 1 1 / / LL 4- ■ / 'If h 1 m- 1 In /• ■A 4 I < fif-e-/ LEC EN D H & 1 day flood • 2 day flood _ 3 day flood - i »■ 5 day flood - 1 1 1 1 1 1 100 SOUTH FORK AMERICAN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR KYBURZ AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 196 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 485 PLATE 54 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 o Daily mean flow in second-feet per squc 10 ire mile 00 1000 / ;i / / / / / / ' ■ ' F i 1 J / i 7 / 1 ' J II 1 / t Jh/ rr F 7^ I f / £*■& 1 .EGEND < *■ 1 day flood ► 2 day Flood ► 3 day flood ■ ► 5 day flood . Wpagf » ( < - ALDER CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR WHITEHALL AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 23 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic 00 / / / / / f / r / \ 1 / / 1 I t / / / , / j / / / , i / 1 / t / I / • ( 1 1 day flood » 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood i j, £ q5«7 -af ^ > 1 tifr& •( ji * c w W 9 f¥8r SILVER Cf AREA C 3EEK FLOOD DISCHARGE AT UNION VALLEY F DRAINAGE BASIN 83 SQUARE MILES 436 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 55 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 0)8 o Daily mean flow in second-feet per squ 10 are mile 00 1000 / I / f / 1 jf / / 1 1 t I t / I / , 1 1 r II ^5 pfy r ' R- •" / r I • h m /■ * l°l V "9 LEGEND - < * 1 day flood * 2 day flood 5 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ( •< ' DUTH FORK SILVER CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR ICEHOUSE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 28 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per sq 10 jare mile 00 1 000 / III / J f \ i — H - Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years §3- / m / i / ill ♦ j *f i -- / r r i i ' t -4 •1 ii q/m/e & LEG END M i ^ 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood tfJtf 1 yjifo < I' >o :rv 1 176 D IL sc DIE _E 1UARE 1 ?CHAR( MILES I 3E X WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 437 PLATE 56 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Oo o Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / VI 1 I / j / i J / I f t-i 1/ ) 1 / / lj I 'I A // J / ♦ > ■ .EGEND •■■ 1' FiIl* i > 1 day flood * 2 day flood 5 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ■ m f~/+jB- < i UTH FORK AMERICAN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR CAMINO AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 497 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years r i j 7 zj / / zz i 7 zr 7 f , / T, i / / tj / 1 / ^ 'i 1 - ^7 i / /// / ^ T /n £ "7 rv r 7 /, "Hf «• h Trf ♦/o H i- i_ i- i-_ i- b7 { LEGEND •©■ 1 day floo< • 2 day floo< O 3 day floo< ♦ 5 day floo< s 10 day flooi •a* - * T7f¥ 1 Lfff -" a £L£ J ** />/*/> i X AMERICAN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT FAIR OAKS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1921 SQUARE MILES 438 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 57 s 1 >^ o o c vj c u 3 U o o >. 10 u c M 3 0" V W _s O 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 / / / / / f / M i ! , / 1 i )l / i 1 / / i / ^/ 7 / i o / j /• i / '// I J r I 1 I 1 J ISf-9 1 1 7 See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves, i i l l i LEGEND ■©• 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood ♦ 5 day flood » 10 day flood rJ ' J£y^ r-i£i ■ m Xrfl -gjkJ&L TTrnri, KERN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE ABOVE SALMON CREEK NEAR KERNVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 845 SQUARE MILES O O u c 3 cr _o _jD O 10 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 I | ( / / / / / / 1 / ' 1 / / / / / ' 1 / / / / 7 / * ti I w e- See Cha for expla pter V nation 'III, f oft loo 3 ! C "lo ur w /e s, ;. Wi 1 1 LEGEND & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood ► 5 day flood 1 tjf * i SOUTH FORK KERN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR ONYX AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 531 SQUARE MILES u \ti:k resources of California 439 PLATE 58 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 ■ Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 o 1 / 1 I / / / / / / / ' / / / / / i / / 1 tJ / * I J / '< / 1 J 1 7 / 1 / ^ i j /<->, 1 f^ /*/ ■e- LEGEND ■©• 1 day flood _ • 2 day flood O 3 day flood _ ♦ 5 day flood- 's 10 day flood - KERN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR BAKERSFIELD AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 2420 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years g o ^ / / / / f f ' U * ** u/s ^ *■ « W- -•- ► t LEG EN D ^ * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood i I T 71 EE . D :r creek flood discharge NEAR TERRA BELLA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 83 SQUARE MILES 440 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 59 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § o Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 . 100 1000 I / / / / / / / / 77 7 7 7 7 yj f /r >l / yy v p # " r / 1 j / c 11 T .EGEND -* / J ft i * 1 day flood • 2 -day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ■ I o V i A - f / , c J / y d \ 4 y , .A > f > r V r TULE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE ABOVE SOUTH FORK NEAR PORTERVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 266 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic )00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 3 . - / / / / / / / / y / r / / i / f j r /♦ / V ' 1 A *■ / °¥ r 77* ► f / ° o M f& / < ■i ►/ ' y « LEG EN D < > 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood • < ■< SOUTH FORK TULE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR SUCCESS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 106 SQUARE MILES I WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 441 PLATE 60 Daily mear 1 i flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years ! M ' "" / / i / f r / ♦ I o/« J j / i / / ZL ♦ / c / T tt -f-\ 4- ♦ / of f— g f Aw -e ► / See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves 1 1 1 1 1 rrf f 1 1 1 1 LEGEND * I day floo ► 2 day floo 5 3 day floo ► 5 day floo T 1 U-icm -» i d A i d dji 1 *¥/ d — — -A ■$/'- * d 100 NC )RTH 1 ^^iin i i i i i i FORK KAWEAH RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT KAWEAH AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 128 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 \ \ / / i / / * 77, 1 ^1 777 j D Jt 1 9- 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood ■ / V / L i w / P , A. 0j too I A Vl A 1 KAWEAH RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR THREE RIVERS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 520 SQUARE MILES 442 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 61 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 1 / / ' 1 / I / f 1 I / I / / / 1 '/ l / iL f Hi 1 111 * hi // / LI L '■4 r r a >/t LEGEND •e 1 day flood 2 day flood 3 day flood 5 day flood • rj? o ♦ KAWEAH RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT MCKAY POINT AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 648 SQUARE MILES .1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 1C KX) Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years / , r • ■e- ■m ft f •/ See Cha for expla pter \ nation 'III, f oft loo ■ics dl » c - lo ur 1— ws, / ■>A /-i > 1 III LEGEND 9- 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •• 5 day flood ♦/ ■ H - [ 1 1 1 1 MORTH FORK K AREA C NGS RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR CLIFF CAMP F DRAINAGE BASIN 174 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 44:5 PLATE 62 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 10Q 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 80- \ 1 / / / / / / / 1 / / 1 / / ' /•/ °l f 1 // J j 7 1 J / 1 'j 1 r J 7 J t h ' % i f LEGEND ■©■ 1 day flood. • 2 day flood O 3 day flood. ♦ 5 day flood B 10 day flood J*J a A*" A w /J? KINGS RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT PiEDRA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1694 SQUARE MILES Da, y mean How in second-feet per square mile o o c u 3 CT O 1 10 100 10c [ / / / / / I / / / / / / j f- ■ / / 1 1 j 'ft 1 / j j ■ / f-i I 1° r * > I I / f J f s r^-l 10 f~f — $ I 0) 1 See Cha for expla 3ter V nation III, F of t 1 oodF nese c lo or ws, /es. 1 f'-i •€ y / LEGEND & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood -Mi - Y) 1 a 10 1 day 1 floe 1 d 1 SAN JOAQUIN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE ABOVE BIG CREEK AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1042 SQUARE MILES 444 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 63 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years i J / i / / / / / f / / 1 ■ /A 1 /// ij ■ //■ * r* / II u, ' ra ' * 1 T */ j /lit /e- /s i LEGEND * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood *• 5 day flood a 10 day flood . B 7// '/ { )T y /A / // Va ™ \j T A/ B" (P" 1 SAN JOAQUIN RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR FRIANT AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1650 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 FRESNO RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR KNOWLES AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 132 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 445 PLATE 64 >~ O o >- c 3 cr o 10 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / 1/ / / / j / / / / / r / / / / / f 1 _ ■*/ 7*y ■e-/ 1 -EGEND i *jQ»&r ■©■ ! day flood 4 >f gfe-qf • 2 day flood 11 /g) f» O J... fl J A ' j uay nooa - r <•> § I -&< i nf ^ 1 CHOWCHILLA RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT BUCHANAN DAMSITE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 238 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 K XX) Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years / ' 1 1 1 1 1 / J // J-IL J— -e ©■/ See Chapter Vlil, Flood Flo for explanation of these cur 1 1 1 l ws, /es. s 1.1 1 LEGEND ► 1 day flood ► 2 day flood ► 3 day flood ► 5 day flood 1 ■« « C 4 MERCED RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT HAPPY ISLES BRIDGE NEAR YOSEMITE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 181 SQUARE MILES 446 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 65 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § o Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 ' / / j * 1 1 ; / / r / t 1 f 1° < I » •>► OyW ■&■/ "^S **J V / / See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves. 1 1 1 1 •A- 3 i 1 1 1 LEGEND * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood /* ■O 4 -tyt I - 3P" ^ 4 «v TENAYA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR YOSEMITE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 47 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 5 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C XX) 1 1 /**■ ( ° • -y ■ / I J / , if ' 4 1 ♦ ♦ A 4 f See Cha for expla pter V nation 111, F oft loo d : c : lo ur ws, JZi. V y* yj i 1 LEGEND * 1 day flood * 2 day flood 5 3 day flood ► 5 day flood 4 < I 4 MERCED RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT POHONO BRIDGE NEAR YOSEMITE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 321 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 447 PLATE 66 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 o / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / j / / / // / // / / / / f / / J t [^ / 7 A\ / / 1 J J I I .EGEND « ► 1 day flood ► 2 day flood ► 3 day flood ' ► 5 day flood £ i fa 4 T A ftjfr f>rJ ■4 A ?QjI' J SL r „ 1 MERCED RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT KITTRIDGE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 935 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic 100 \ \ \ III III' 1 1 > / 1 / 1 // '// / 4»h 4 1 rl 7 / / ~ 1 1 i i 1 1 j i rJ JkJ-'ii It LEC Eh D yi u- H » ! day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood a r- / f , j *B / j > V* _ i f M •ff .♦ T ¥\ ORESTIMBA CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR NEWMAN AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 129 SQUARE MILES 448 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 67 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- ' i 1 / I I / f / 1 ■ 1 t , I J 1 1 f i t- f * • ■u .,„ ..... ■*/ ' j /*/ ■«■ 7°/* / /■*> See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves. 1 1 1 1 1 j * */5fe/ 1 1 1 LEGEND O 1 day flood • 2 day flood O 3 day flood ♦ 5 day flood A {< %/ Va if.J * **. ifiWk r #: » Awmmm \y ' i iU2 jp-j >t$ FALLS CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR HETCH HETCHY AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 45 SQUARE MILES O O 10 c 3 -jO _o O 100 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 J. f ) / / r /♦ -G 1 ■ / oAw ft F* See Cha for expid pter \ nation 'III, 1 oft loc hes d e c : lo ur ws, ves. III. LEGEND > 1 day flood * 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood 4 < - ( ( v o •e 4 //<• ( |<> s ■* JjJL ft_ TUOLUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR HETCH HETCHY AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 462 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 449 PLATE 68 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 5 ! / / / / / / ' / / / / / / / ; 1 r / v 1 ■* ► , I r~ ' A- / ° '*/ / * ■< >• See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves. 1 1111 ♦/ O 0/ m 1 1 1 LEGEND ► 1 day flood ► 2 day flood ► 3 day flood ► 5 day flood +/ oA < /+■ 9* A y 1 ' / // 4 r& /*&-<* «► i(«» 1 ELEANOR CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR HETCH HETCHY AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 80 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years go- Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / / / / 1 / i 1 1 / / / / f ' / j ' 1 / ' / °t • »■ / i ' 7 / /*■ i fn j W ° / y *i /* ► See Cha for expla pter V nation 'III. f oft loo hes d e c : lo ur ws, yes. L III LEGEND 9- 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •• 5 day flood a/ td -d - i v y^y V v ' y6 j& i 1 f & / -a A CHERRY CREEK FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR HETCH HETCHY AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 111 SQUARE MILES 15—27922 450 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 69 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 s / / / / / / / J * / / i /// / Hi "TIF ' / / / e- \ lit J III * i P 1 * ' III _y t i i 3 1 /*/ / l 4 11 See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves. 1 1 1 1 1 i >1 ffi »/ 1 1 1 LEGEND > 1 day flood * 2 day flood > 3 day flood > 5 day flood It L < < i VIIDDLE TUOLUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT OAKLAND RECREATION CAMP AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 71 SQUARE MILES Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years riO o - Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 K wo y / i / / / / / '/ / i / / V ' -9- r 1° r See Chapter VIII, Flood Flo for explanation of these cur 1 III ws, yes. -O S 1*1 V 1 1 1 LEGEND » 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood 7 i /■**/ < l i 1 1 1 1 )UTH FQRK TUOLUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR OAKLAND RECREATION CAMP AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 88 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 451 PLATE 70 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 3 / / / / J f 1 J ■V >» / ■*"/ /* / • i Jo /•/ 3 j4>/ / See Chapter VIII, Flood Flows, for explanation of these curves. I III < ► P 1 / V / 1 1 1 LEGEND * 1 day flood ► 2 day flood J 3 day flood ► 5 day flood f(. >t /o 1 day flood > 2 day flood 5 3 day flood > 5 day flood t hi-l < w i r/ M •J n f ■ / < /, J J r •» f<- i i t> "i C IDLE FORK MOKELUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT WEST POINT AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 67 SQUARE MILES 456 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 75 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 .[. Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years °8 3 1 "T 1 f 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 ' III m 1 / / // / o/J ^ / / / / ♦ 1 < )/•■€ LEGEND - T l°l ■ & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood f■Jq£^ < : . JTH FORK MOKELUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR WEST POINT AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 74 SQUARE MILES Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C )00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years CO- 08 5 \ \ \ \ \ \ \ 1 I 1 1 / J i I [ j // / / / _J /♦ • >& / / / / / ■*■ i -Q*. / '' / k *7 * Ji: / *i .EG EN D ■r/j i * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood Li < fy*/%/ I i JTH FORK MOKELUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR RAILROAD FLAT AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 37 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 457 PLATE 76 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years Og 6 f / / / / / 1 ' / I \ / / / / / / / h i 1 r i u 1 I /■*/ r I *v [ , / / ' »/o LEG£ND l*l°r i * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood *■ 5 day flood ( < I of •/ -of * 1 1 1 1 1 1 JTH FORK MOKELUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR RAILROAD FLAT AND NEAR WEST POINT AREA OF DRAINAGE BASINS 37 AND 74 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C 00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 5 / n / ' i 1 I ! l 1 1 7 °i n / —j ♦ / cJ f ■w/o •!< »■/ Ofwf& 4 n£ l-eJ _EG EN D < * 1 day flood ► 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood ( ( ^ < ¥ I .. MOKELUMNE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR CLEMENTS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 630 SQUARE MILES 458 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 77 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 08 a Dairy mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 / J 1 / / / / ! / / / i / / / , / / f / / / t I 1 1 / / 1 1 Ti // // *, &J n 3°/ r •8/ .EGEND - &&*l ' < ► 1 day flood ► 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ► 5 day flood < fir r ( B"S 13 & * lr eft i 1 1 RTH FORK COSUMNES RIVER FL NEAR ELDORADO AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 202 SQUARE -OOD DISCHARGE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 K )00 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years g 3 I J ' j 1 rr zt / / 1 x ti 1 i ' v °r f / / 7°j 11 h f . o o D C 3 cr _o _o o 1 1 V 10 < < c p ) 1 > f V rir\ o o o^^ KERN RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF NEAR BAKERSFIELD AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 2420 SQUARE MILES 9 -A. ! TULE RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF ABOVE SOUTH FORK NEAR PORTERVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 266 SQUARE MILES 460 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 79 10 8 8 >- 10 8 c 3 _D O April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 100 1000 10000 1 jo 10 rv\ -4L. "iip-^ KAWEAH RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF NEAR THREE RIVERS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 520 SQUARE MILES April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 100 1000 10000 1 1 f< of n l 10 fa T) e 1 "i KINGS RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF AT PIEDRA AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1694 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 461 PLATE 80 10 O o u c 3 » o o u c 3 cr 11 O April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 100 1000 10000 \ \ \ \ \ 1 \ 1 \ 1 / / 7 / / 10 °l 1 i F i V l % I $ J % / nV r rif\ o u 7 MERCED RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF AT EXCHEQUER AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1035 SQUARE MILES 462 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 81 10 April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 100 1000 10000 >. o c 3 O" 3 J o d: 1 1 10 o I O O J of at rv-i nO o TUOLUMNE RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF ABOVE LA GRANGE DAM. NEAR LA GRANGE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 1540 SQUARE MILES 10 April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 100 1000 10000 u c u c 3 _o _s o I f 1 1 J / / 10 ST w nn JJ — q — 21 __ STANISLAUS RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF BELOW MELONES POWER HOUSE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 898 SQUARE MILES \\ WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 463 PLATE 82 t April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 10 100 1000 10000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 6 I \ J \ 1 1 / \ / t f i j i / o °> MOKELUMNE RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF NEAR CLEMENTS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 630 SQUARE MILES QUALITY OF WATER The amount of mineral solubles in surface flow of streams of the Central Valley Area varies widely with regimen of the streams. Also, there generally is a gradual increment in mineral solubles during the course of flow from the foothills across the valley floor. Ground waters which receive their replenishment wholly or largely from the surface streams naturally reflect these changes. However, concentration of salts is generally lower in the northern and northeastern portions of the Cen- tral Valley Area than in the southern portion, owing to dilution from heavier rainfall and runoff. From the point of view of their inorganic chemical characteristics, both surface and underground waters of the Central Valley Area may be divided areally into ' ' east side, " " west side, ' ' and ' ' axial. ' ' Surface Wafers Inorganic analyses of surface waters in the Central Valley Area appear in Table 63. Water in streams that flow from the Sierra Nevada is generally of excellent quality at the eastern edge of the valley floor, and suitable for any purpose without treatment, except that bacterial sterilization is usually necessary for domestic use. Water in streams from the Cascade and Klamath Mountains, tributary to the Sacramento Valley at the north, is of similar high quality. This is also true of the water of Stony Creek, which flows from an extension of the Klamath Mountains. All the foregoing waters are in the "east-side" quality classification, which is uniformly calcic-carbonate in type. Total mineral solubles are generally less than 100 parts per million, and the waters are susceptible of softening by standard treatment, 464 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA The ' ' west-side ' ' quality classification includes inflow of all streams from the coastal ranges south of Stony Creek, and from the San Emigdio and Tehachapi Mountains at the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley. The two largest of these streams are Cache and Putah Creeks, both tributary to the Sacramento Valley west of Sacramento. Average con- centration of salts in these two streams is three to four times that in major streams of the Central Valley Area. Their waters are both of the carbonate type, although magnesium displaces calcium as the dominant base. Significant amounts of boron are contained in waters of Clear Lake and Cache Creek. A number of creeks are tributary to the valley floor from the west side of the San Joaquin Valley. The more important of these are Orestimba, San Luis, Los Banos, Little Panoche, Big Panoche, Cantua, and Los Gatos Creeks. San Emigdio and Grapevine Creeks enter the valley from the south, and Caliente Creek from the east, all south of Bakers- field. These streams are short, and except at flood times their waters percolate into alluvial cones before reaching the axis of the valley. While the combined flow of these streams is small, it is important because of the relatively high amount of dissolved mineral matter contained, including significant concentrations of boron. These waters are of the sulphate type, in contrast with the uniformly carbonate east-side waters. ' ' Axial ' ' waters occur in the trough of the Central Valley and are a mixture of east-side and west-side waters. Surface inflow from east-side tributaries is generally so large that the effect of inferior quality west- side waters is obscured in the mixture. However, the effect of west-side drainage is noticeable much of the time in San Joaquin River between Mendota Pool and the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Chloride and sulphate content is generally greater than bicarbonate content in the reach between Mendota Pool and the confluence of Tuolumne River and the San Joaquin. Inflow of carbonate waters of Tuolumne and Stanislaus Rivers changes the mixture first to chlorides, then to bicar- bonates, and finally in the flow past Vernalis to sulphates. Groundwaters ■•". Inorganic analyses of representative ground waters of the Central Valley Area are given in Table 64. Percolation from streams is the principal source of replenishment of east-side ground waters, but north of Stockton precipitation directly on the valley floor is also an important source of recharge. Waters much alike in total mineral content and composition are generally yielded by wells less than 1,100 feet deep on both sides of the Central Valley north of Sutter Buttes, and on the east side, as far south as, but not including, Kern County. These are the best underground waters in the valley, being usually acceptable for all purposes. They be- long almost exclusively to the calcic-carbonate type, and are more nearly uniform in quality than ground waters in any other part of the valley. Lower concentration of salts in the heavier rainfall belt north of the Sutter Buttes is appreciable. East-side wells of depths greater than 1,100 feet often yield highly mineralized waters. The west-side ground water basins of Cache and Putah Creeks in the Sacramento Valley contain magnesium-carbonate type waters, and their sodium content is generally somewhat higher than their calcium WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 465 content. Boron is also present in significant amounts in ground waters of Cache Creek Basin. West-side ground waters in the San Joaquin Valley are character- ized by high percentage of sulphate and abnormal amounts of boron, often in toxic concentrations. Nearly all have a brackish taste and many are unpalatable. The predominating sulphate radical usually has a con- centration below the upper limit of safe use for irrigation. The usable zone of pumping on the west side of the San Joaquin Valley from Men- dota to Buttonwillow is generally found between overlying unusable perched water, underlying brines, and a more or less effective impervious stratum in the trough of the valley, commonly known as the Mendenhall Dike. Calcium and magnesium are dominant bases in both east-side and west-side ground waters. These bases are generally subordinated by sodium toward the trough of the valley, from Sutter Basin south to Buena Vista Lake. Chloride is often the principal acid radical in axial ground waters, although bicarbonate concentrations remain high. In the trough of the San Joaquin Valley, ground waters between depths of about 300 feet and about 1,000 feet generally are lower in mineral con- tent than are shallow waters. Axial ground waters are characterized by diverse composition and concentration of salts. GROUND WATER STORAGE CAPACITY OF SACRAMENTO VALLEY For some years the State of California has cooperated with the United States Geological Survey in ground water investigations, and the results have been published in numerous reports of the Geological Survey. A summary of a recent unpublished report entitled ''Ground- Water Storage Capacity of the Sacramento Valley, California, " by J. F. 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It extends from latitude 344 2 to 42° N., varying in width from a few miles in the northern portion fo about 170 miles in the south. STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Principal streams of the Lahontan Area are the Susan, Truckee, Carson, Walker, and Owens Rivers draining eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada, and Mojave River draining eastern slopes of the San Bernardino Mountains, all flowing into inland lakes in California or Nevada. A large portion of the Area consists of closed basins, or sinks, which Death Valley is a spectacular example. In this colorful and historic valley is Badwater, the lowest point in the United States, at an elevation 280 feet below sea level and situated less than 90 miles from Mount Whitney, which has an elevation of 14,496 feet and is the Nation's highest point. Areas of drainage basins in the Lahontan Area are given in Table 65. PRECIPITATION Mean seasonal precipitation in the Lahontan Area varies from 50 inches in the higher altitudes to 1.7 inches in the desert regions. For its principal north-south distance, the Area lies east of the Sierra Nevada. Storm clouds crossing these mountains from the west lose much of their moisture before entering the Area, owing to high elevations they must pass over. Snowfall is a characteristic of high plateaus of the Area during winter. In the Mojave Desert in the southern extremity of the Lahontan Area, roughly 75 percent of seasonal precipitation occurs from November through April. Although precipitation is light, local summer thunderstorms in the Mojave Desert have been known to contribute the equivalent of mean seasonal precipitation in less than two hours. There are 65 precipitation stations in the Lahontan Area with records unbroken for 10 or more seasons, as listed in Table 66. The longest of these records, extending from 1894 to 1946, is for the United States Weather Bureau station at Cedarville in Modoc County. Maximum recorded seasonal precipitation in the Lahontan Area is 88.25 inches. This occurred at Morses, at an elevation of 5,350 feet in San Bernardino County, in 1906-1907, an average seasonal precipitation at this station being 50.59 inches. Minimum recorded seasonal precipitation for the Area was a trace recorded at Mojave, at an elevation of 2,751 feet in Kern County, during 1882-1883, at which station the average seasonal precipitation is 5.16 inches. Records of precipitation available are for a range in elevation from 178 feet below sea level to 9,700 feet above. ( 481 ) 16—27922 • 482 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 65 AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, LAHONTAN AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, Lahontan Area") Number on Plate 2 7-1 7-2 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 8-5 8-6 9-1 9-2 9-3 10-1 10-2 10-3 10-4 11-1 11-2 Stream or stream group basin Twelve Mile Creek Basin in California Alkali Lake Basin In Nevada In California Duck Flat Basin Madeline Plains Basin In Nevada In California Smoke Creek Group Eagle Lake Group Honey Lake Basin Susan River above gage near Susanville Remainder of Honey Lake Basin Honey Lake Basin in Nevada Honey Lake Basin in California Truckee River Basin Above gage at Tahoe Donner Creek above gage near Truckee Prosser Creek above gage near Truckee Little Truckee River above gage above Boca Reservoir Remainder of Truckee River above gage at Farad Above gage at Farad Remainder of Truckee River in California Truckee River in and draining into California In Nevada In California Carson River Basin West Fork above gage at Woodford Remainder of West Fork in California East Fork above gage near Gardnerville in California East Fork above gage near Gardnerville in Nevada. _ East Fork above gage near Gardnerville Carson River, East Fork above Gardnerville and West Fork in California In Nevada In California Walker River Basin West Walker River above gage near Coleville Remainder of West Walker River in California West Walker River in California East Walker River above gage near Bridgeport Remainder of East Walker River in California East Walker River in California Walker River Basin in California Mono Lake Basin East Sierra drainage Remainder Mono Lake Basin Mono Lake Basin In Nevada In California Mountains and foothills 13 (222) 338 63 Valley and mesa (0) 369 (51) (0) (51) 354 405 759 215 75 290 216 183 399 157 81 238 921 723 1,644 (229) (0) (229) 849 804 1,653 311 192 503 29 2 31 42 5 47 135 10 145 171 31 202 688 240 928 42 42 730 240 970 (109) (56) (165) 621 184 805 68 68 58 58 323 323 (22) (0) (22) 345 345 471 471 (22) (0) (22) 449 449 245 245 137 25 162 382 25 407 323 36 359 144 144 467 36 503 849 61 910 177 177 449 175 624 626 175 801 (116) (0) (116) 510 175 685 Totals 19 (222) 707 63 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 483 TABLE 65— Continued AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, LAHONTAN AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, Lahontan Area") Number on Plate 2 12 13 14-1 14-2 14-3 14-4 15 16 17 18 19-1 19-2 20 21-1 21-2 Stream or stream group basin Huntoon Valley Basin in California Adobe Valley Basin In Nevada In California Owens River Basin Above gage near Round Valley Rock Creek above gage near Little Round Valley. _. Remainder of Owens River above Tinemaha Reservoir Above Tinemaha Reservoir Remainder of Owens River Owens River In Nevada In California Cottonwood Creek Group Deep Springs Group Amargosa River Basin In Nevada In California Ivanpah Valley Group in California Mojave River Basin Above gage at Lower Narrows near Victorville Remainder of Mojave River Mojave River Antelope Valley Basin Searles Lake Group East drainage of Sierra Nevada Mountains Remainder of Searles Lake Group Searles Lake Group TOTALS, LAHONTAN AREA IN CALI- • FORNIA 599 282 3,215 3,497 596 670 3,781 4,451 23,012 Mountains Valley and and Totals foothills mesa 22 22 194 88 282 (7) (3) (10) 187 85 272 285 149 434 36 36 1,130 327 1,457 1,451 476 1,927 1,012 258 1,270 2,463 734 3,197 (54) (10) (64) 2,409 724 3,133 231 54 285 1,419 230 1,649 (1,762) (719) (2,481) 5,124 1,318 6,442 256 249 1,160 1,409 1,820 27 1,710 1,737 9,895 855 531 4,375 4,906 2,416 697 5,491 6,188 32,907 484 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA Precipitation stations having continuous recorders are listed in Table 67, and stations with records of less than ten seasons in Table 68. Monthly distribution of precipitation at four stations, considered to be representative of areas differing in elevation and topographic pattern, is set out in Table 69. Maximum and minimum precipitation figures given are monthly extremes during the period of record. Bar diagrams on Plate 83, " Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Lahontan Area," show graphically the paucity of precipitation in the Area, as indicated by records at four stations. The diagrams indicate also the characteristic irregular occurrence of precipitation in the Area. The Weather Bureau has not published recorded maximum rainfall intensities at any stations in the Lahontan Area, but the following for Reno, Nevada, might be considered indicative of intensities in that part of the Area lying west of the general vicinity of Reno. Precipitation and Minutes Hours date 5 10 15 30 60 2 3 6 12 24 Precipitation, Inches* 0.32 8/2 1917 0.54 8/13 1931 0.69 8/13 1931 0.86 8/2 1912 0.93 8/2 1912 0.95 4/15 1934 0.95 4/15 1934 1.49 6/29 1920 1.68 6/29 1920 2.71 Month, day Year 1/27 1903 * 10-minute amount also on August 2, 1912. Mean seasonal precipitation on valley and mesa lands of the Lahon- tan Area for the period from 1897-98 to 1946-47 is estimated to have been 3,690,000 acre-feet, as shown in Table 70. Although there is a rela- tively large amount of valley and mesa land in this Area, precipitation on it is in general very light. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 485 TABLE 66 MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, LAHONTAN AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 6-9 Markleeville.. Alpine 38° 119° 41' 47' 5,526 1909-10 1946-47 ABC USWB 18.90 20.06 1913-14 1923-24 32.10 9.99 6-25 Alabama Hills Inyo 36° 118° 40' 06' 3,790 1922-23 1946-47 BD DWR 3.50 3.52 1940-41 1922-23 6.93 0.42 6-22 Big Pines Power Plant No. 3 Inyo 37° 118° 07' 19' 5,200 1926-27 1946-47 B LADW&P 8.91 8.16 1937-38 1930-31 17.99 1.55 6-18 Bishop Inyo 37° 118° 22' 22' 4,450 1884-85 1946-47 BC USWB 6.26 6.14 1937-38 1897-98 13.37 1.69 6-17 Bishop Creek. Inyo 37° 118° 20' 29' 8,390 1911-12 1940-41 BC USWB 14.57 15.30 1937-38 1928-29 31.06 7.20 6-28 Cottonwood Creek Inyo 36° 118° 27' 06' 6,000 1926-27 1935-36 B LADW&P 6.19 7.25 1935-36 1928-29 10.10 3.15 6-29 Cottonwood Gates Inyo 36° 118° 25' 02' 3,600 1924-25 1946-47 B LADW&P 5.81 5.54 1940-41 1924-25 11.08 1.59 6-27 Cow Creek Inyo 36° 116° 32' 53' —152 1934-35 1946-47 B USWB 2.34 1.81 1938-39 1935-36 3.94 0.29 6-31 Greenland Ranch Inyo. 36° 116° 27' 52' —178 1911-12 1946-47 BC USWB 1.69 1.61 1938-39 1918-19 4.52 0.03 6-32 Haiwee Inyo 36° 117° 08' 58' 3,800 1923-24 1946-47 B USWB 6.20 5.96 1940-41 1932-33 15.36 1.77 6-21 Hillside Reservoir Inyo 37° 118° 10' 34' 9,700 1909-10 1922-23 D Private 18.95 17.71 1915-16 1919-20 29.09 12.25 6-24 Independence. Inyo 36° 118° 48' 12' 3,944 1866-67 1946-47 ABC USWB 5.00 4.68 1867-68 1928-29 20.28 1.29 6-30 Keeler Inyo 36° 117° 29' 52' 3,622 1885-86 1908-09 BC USWB 3.01 2.83 1904-05 1897-98 8.60 0.53 6-19 Lake Sabrina. Inyo 37° 118° 13' 36' 9,100 1909-10 1946-47 BD USWB 16.99 16.10 1937-38 1912-13 33.97 8.63 6-33 Little Lake Inyo 35° 117° 56' 54' 3,580 1928-29 1937-38 B LADW&P 5.80 5.96 1936-37 1928-29 9.80 2.51 6-26 Lone Pine Inyo 36° 118° 36' 04' 3,728 1904-05 1937-38 BC USWB 4.98 4.30 1916-17 1933-34 8.04 1.00 6-23 Los Angeles Aqueduct Intake Inyo . . . 36° 118° 58' 12' 3,830 1919-20 1946-47 B LADW&P 4.35 4.49 1926-27 1920-21 9.09 0.10 6-20 South Lake... Inyo 37° 118° 10' 34' 9,620 1925-26 1946-47 B USWB 17.99 17.04 1937-38 1930-31 28.79 9.51 6-40 Backus Ranch Kern... . 34° 118° 55' 11' 2,620 1936-37 1946-47 BC USWB 8.91 7.37 1940-41 1941-42 16.60 4.72 6-38 Mojave Kern. ... . 35° 118° 03' 10' 2,751 1876-77 1946-47 BC LADW&P 5.16 4.93 1943-44 1882-83 14.13 Trace 486 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 66— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, LAHONTAN AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 6-39 Monte Rio Kern . 34° 118° 57' 30' 4,000 1899-00 1912-13 B USWB 17.75 18.68 1905-06 1909-10 26.91 11.68 6-5 Doyle. . Lassen 40° 120° 03' 05' 4,300 1923-24 1946-47 B USWB 9.72 10.34 1937-38 1938-39 17.43 5.12 6-4 Susanville Lassen . 40° 120° 25' 39' 4,271 1889-90 1946-47 ABC USWB 18.26 17.06 1889-90 1932-33 36.26 9.14 6-54 Big Pines Park Los Angeles 34° 117° 23' 41' 6,860 1926-27 1946-47 ACD LAFC& USWB 26.77 25.64 1940-41 1932-33 47.59 14.29 6-49 Calivalli Farms Los Angeles 34° 117° 32' 59' 2,835 1931-32 1946-47 CD LAFC 8.50 6.90 1943-44 1933-34 15.26 3.28 6-43 Fairmont (Near) Los Angeles 34° 118° 43' 26' 3,036 1909-10 1946-47 B USWB 15.21 14.28 1940-41 1924-25 29.13 5.76 6-53 Jackson Lake Big Pines Los Angeles 34° 117° 24' 44' 6,075 1931-32 1942-43 CD LAFC 27.25 23.49 1937-38 1941-42 44.89 13.40 6-45 Lancaster High School Los Angeles 34° 118° 42' 08' 2,350 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 8.65 7.01 1940-41 1935-36 17.48 4.03 6-48 Little Rock Creek Los Angeles 34° 118° 30' 02' 3,035 1929-30 1946-47 CD LAFC 11.17 9.17 1943-44 1933-34 20.08 4.39 6-50 Llano Los Angeles 34° 117° 30' 47' 3,400 1916-17 1946-47 B USWB 7.79 7.68 1943-44 1933-34 19.02 2.12 6-44 Muntz Valley Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 43' 21' 2,600 1930-31 1946-47 CD LAFC 11.53 9.35 1940-41 1935-36 21.17 4.99 6-47 Palmdale .. . Los Angeles 34° 118° 34' 07' 2,660 1932-33 1946-47 B USWB 10.09 8.37 1940-41 1933-34 18.41 5.64 6-46 Rouff Ranch.. Los Angeles 34° 118° 36' 17' 3,200 1928-29 1946-47 BCD LAFC 16.24 14.14 1931-32 1929-30 25.84 8.28 6-56 Sawmill Flat (Big Pines) Los Angeles 34° 117° 22' 41' 6,750 1930-31 1942-43 C LAFC 27.26 24.13 1940-41 1932-33 44.73 10.90 6-42 Sawmill Mountain Ranch Los Angeles 34° 118° 43' 35' 3,700 1920-21 1946-47 CD LAFC 14.38 13.27 1940-41 1923-24 44.74 7.64 6-55 Table Moun- tain Los Angeles 34° 117° 23' 41' 7,500 1926-27 1946-47 CD LAFC& USWB 14.69 14.09 1926-27 1928-29 23.92 6.08 6-52 Vallyermo Los Angeles 34° 117° 27' 52' 3,740 1911-12 1946-47 BCD LAFC 11.16 10.62 1940-41 1922-23 21.22 4.81 6-3 Cedarville Modoc 41° 120° 32' 09' 4,675 1894-95 1945-46 BC USWB 12.37 12.17 1937-38 1932-33 21.17 7.04 6-1 Fort Bidwell.. Modoc 41° 120° 52' 09' 4,735 1866-67 1946-47 BC USWB 18.71 16.64 1866-67 1932-33 35.70 7.69 6-2 Lake City Modoc . 41° 120° 38' 13' 4,680 1930-31 1946-47 B USWB 18.89 17.92 1937-38 1930-31 28.59 11.68 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 487 TABLE 66— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, LAHONTAN AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for— Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 6-12 Bodie . Mono.. 38° 119° 13' 02' 8,240 1895-96 1905-06 BC USWB 14.58 13.03 1900-01 1902-03 21.45 9.12 6-11 Bridgeport Mono.. 38° 119° 16' 14' 6,464 1912-13 1946-47 ABC USWB 10.67 10.11 1913-14 1928-29 16.79 4.70 6-14 Ellery Lake... Mono. .. _ 37° 119° 56' 14' 9,600 1925-26 1946-47 B USWB 28.79 31.69 1926-27 1943-44 40.83 14.95 6-15 Gem Lake Mono. . 37° 119° 45' 08' 9,120 1919-20 1946-47 B USWB 26.98 26.74 1919-20 1933-34 44.25 15.23 6-16 Long Valley Reservoir Mono... 37° 118° 34' 43' 6,700 1920-21 1946-47 D LADW&P 9.69 9.95 1937-38 1923-24 20.09 3.69 6-13 Lundy Lake.. Mono. . . 38° 119° 02' 13' 7,760 1919-20 1939-40 BD USWB 15.60 14.99 1937-38 1930-31 33.80 7.91 6-10 Shields Ranch Mono... _. 38° 119° 32' 28' 5,300 1910-11 1945-46 B USWB 10.91 11.25 1931-32 1927-28 19.08 6.61 6-7 Boca. .. Nevada 39° 120° 23' 06' 5,535 1870-71 1946-47 BC USWB 21.13 19.88 1889-90 1876-77 52.15 7.60 6-6 Truckee Nevada 39° 120° 20' 11' 5,819 1870-71 1946-47 BC USWB 27.21 25.39 1889-90 1887-88 54.84 9.35 6-8 Tahoe Placer. 39° 120° 10' 10' 6,330 1910-11 1946-47 BC USWB 29.57 30.60 1937-38 1923-24 50.94 14.18 6-64 Ash Meadows San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 17' 09' 4,650 1904-05 1914-15 B Private 23.91 23.32 1906-07 1912-13 39.09 12.29 6-41 Barstow San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 54' 02' 2,105 1889-90 1946-47 BC USWB 4.50 4.17 1940-41 1895-96 8.67 0.67 6-58 Burton Ranch San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 17' 24' 4,400 1904-05 1914-15 B Private 47.21 45.93 1906-07 1909-10 69.76 32.14 6-65 Deep Creek... San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 14' 07' 5,200 1893-94 1914-15 B Mojave RI 30.53 31.53 1906-07 1895-96 50.57 11.09 6-57 Forks of Mo- jave San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 21' 14' 3,000 1905-06 1919-20 B Private 13.02 13.28 1906-07 1912-13 25.77 6.84 6-63 Gate House. .. San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 16' 11' 5,100 1893-94 1933-34 BD Private 31.73 34.97 1921-22 1895-96 58.05 13.18 6-59 Grass Valley. . San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 16' 13' 5,190 1894-95 1914-15 B Private 40.78 40.57 1906-07 1895-96 70.42 19.03 6-62 Hesperia San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 25' 18' 3,200 1904-05 1914-15 B Private 8.55 8.33 1906-07 1912-13 13.94 3.19 6-66 Holcomb Creek San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 17' 05' 5,250 1893-94 1914-15 B USWB 22.35 22.35 1913-14 1898-99 36.43 6.96 6-35 Kingston. .. San Ber- nardino 35° 115° 45' 40' 2,475 1925-26 1941-42 B USWB 4.18 4.05 1931-32 1925-26 8.31 0.69 6-61 Lake Arrow- head San Ber- nardino 34° 117° 15' 12' 5,100 1928-29 1946-47 D DWR 45.14 43.70 1937-38 1930-31 79.27 21.06 488 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 66— Continued MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, LAHONTAN AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) No. on Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record Mean for — Maximum and minimum Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 6-60 6-34 6-51 6-36 Morses Trona Victorville Yucca Grove . San' Ber- nardino San Ber- nardino San Ber- nardino San Ber- nardino 34° 14' 117° 13' 35° 45' 117° 22' 34° 32' 117° 18' 35° 23' 115° 52' 5,350 1,656 2,840 3,951 1893-94 1914-15 1920-21 1946-47 1904-05 1946-47 1931-32 1946-47 B Private B USWB AB USWB B USWB 50.59 4.40 6.02 7.57 58.29 4.13 5.48 6.94 1906-07 1903-04 1940-41 1924-25 1940-41 1912-13 1940-41 1933-34 88.25 23.84 11.47 1.85 12.35 1.63 11.89 1.88 ABBREVIATIONS-LAHONTAN AREA TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name B Daily C Monthly D Seasonal Abbreviation DWR LADW&P LAFC Mojave RI USWB SOURCE OF RECORD Name State Division of Water Resources Los Angeles Department of Water and Power Los Angeles County Flood Control District Mojave River Investigation, State Division of Water Resources United States Weather Bureau WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 489 TABLE 67 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, LAHONTAN AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number 6-9* 6-24* 6-003 6-008 6-4* 6-012 6-013 6-54* 6-021 6-11* 6-030 6-029 6-032 6-042 6-044 6-060 6-063 6-51* Station Markleeville Independence Lone Pine (near) Milford (near) Susanville Susanville Airport Termo Big Pines Park Palmdale Airport Bridgeport Truckee No. 2 Truckee Ranger Station Amboy Crestline Daggett Airport Red Mountain (near) _ _ Silver Lake Airport Victorville County Alpine Inyo Inyo Lassen Lassen Lassen Lassen Los Angeles Los Angeles Mono Nevada Nevada San Bernardino . San Bernardino _ San Bernardino . San Bernardino _ San Bernardino _ San Bernardino . Latitude Eleva- and tion, longitude feet 38° 41' 5,526 119° 47' 36° 48' 3,944 118° 12' 36° 36' 3,950 118° 03' 40° 08' 5,200 120° 21' 40° 25' 4,271 120° 39' 40° 23' 4,155 120° 33' 40° 52' 5,380 120° 27' 34° 23' 6,860 117° 41' 34° 38' 2,536 118° 05' 38° 16' 6,464 119° 14' 39° 20' 6,200 120° 11' 39° 20' 6,000 120° 11' 34° 33' 615 115° 44' 34° 15' 4,900 117° 18' 34° 52' 1,950 116° 47' 35° 21' 3,750 117° 38' 35° 20' 926 116° 05' 34° 32' 2,840 117° 18' Period of record Oct. June April June Sept. June Sept. June Sept. Dec. Dec. June Oct. June Sept. June Mar. June Oct. June Oct. April April June Sept. June Feb. June Mar. June Aug. June Nov. June April June 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1946 1946 1947 1945 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1946 1946 1947 1944 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 Source of record USWB City of Los Ang. USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB USWB CAA USWB USWB USFS USWB USWB CAA USWB CAA USWB Abbreviation USWB USFS City of Los Ang. CAA SOURCE OF RECORD Name United States Weather Bureau United States Forest Service City of Los Angeles Civil Aeronautics Administration Airway Communication Station 490 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 68 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, LAHONTAN AREA File number 6-001 6-002 6-003 6-004 6-005 6-006 6-007 6-008 6-009 6-010 6-011 6-012 6-013 6-014 6-015 6-016 6-017 6-018 6-019 6-020 6-021 6-022 6-023 6-024 6-025 6-026 6-027 6-028 6-029 6-030 Station Bij ou Cathedral Park Lone Pine (near) Wells Meadow Tinemaha Reservoir Litchfield Lone Valley Milford Cnear) Norvell Flat Standish Susanville Susanville Airport Termo Earl Ranch East Spunky Fairmont Reservoir Fern Fernando Little Rock Creek (Cole)... Little Rock Creek (Weather Bureau) Palmdale Airport Shenberger Ranch West Palmdale Cain Ranch East Portal Lake Mary Shaft No. 1 West Portal Camp Truckee Ranger Station Truckee No. 2 County El Dorado... El Dorado... Inyo Inyo Inyo Lassen Lassen Lassen Lassen Lassen Lassen Lassen Lassen Los Angeles. Los Angeles: Los Angeles . Los Angeles . Los Angeles. Los Angeles . Los Angeles _ Los Angeles - Los Angeles _ Los Angeles _ Mono Mono Mono Mono Mono Nevada Nevada Latitude and longitude 38° 119° 38° 120° 36° 118° 57' 58' 54' 02' 36' 03' 37° 27' 118° 38' 37° 118° 40° 120° 40° 120° 40° 120° 40° 121° 40° 120° 40° 120° 40° 120° 40° 120° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 117° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 34° 118° 37° 119° 37° 118° 37° 119° 37° 118° 37° 119° 39° 120° 39° 120° 03' 17' 23' 22' 02' 06' 08' 21' 28' 00' 22' 24' 25' 35' 23' 33' 52' 27' 40' 13' 36' 22' 42' 26' 12' 42' 17' 26' 29' 01' 29' 02' 38' 05' 45' 48' 35' 07' 53' 06' 44' 53' 36' 00' 49' 59' 51' 03' 20' 11' 20' 11' Eleva- tion, feet Period of record 6,250 1917-18 7,000 1913-14 3,950 1940-47 5,280 1916-18 3,865 1934-38 4,200 1923-28 4,400 5,200 1909-16 1919-20 1940-47 5,740 1941-44 4,000 1916-18 4,175 4,155 1928-32 1935-39 1946-47 5,380 1945-47 2,450 1913-21 3,500 1932-39 3,050 1930-39 5,200 1936-38 1,066 3,399 3,000 1897- 1904 1896- 1900 1919-23 2,536 1940-47 3,200 1927-31 2,700 1896-97 6,915 1931-39 7,050 1935-38 9,000 7,941 1929-31 1946-47 1934-37 7,075 1935-39 6,000 1940-47 6,200 1935-39 1940-47 Type of record B B A B B B B A B B B A A D B B B B B B A B B B B B, C B B A A, B WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 491 TABLE 68— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, LAHONTAN AREA Station Deer Park Amboy Big Bear Tavern Bloomington No. 2 Los Flores Ranch CBurcham Ranch) Canyon Redondo Clyde Ranch Converse Nursery Cox's Canyon Crab Park Crafts Peak Crestline Cushenbury Ranch Daggett Airport Deep Creek, East Fork Deep Creek, South Fork Dobie Ranch Dorman's Ranch Flemming Mill Goffs Gray Mountain Helendale Holcomb Lake Arrowhead Fish Hatchery Lake Arrowhead Village Measors Morongo Valley ,.__ Palmer's Service Station Point of Rocks Red Mountain (near) County Placer San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Latitude and longitude 39° 120° 34° 115° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 115° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 117° 34° 116° 34° 117° 34° 117° 35° 117° 11' 13' 33' 44' 15' 57' 04' 24' 19' 20' 17' 03' 19' 34' 11' 55' 19' 34' 16' 07' 15' 01' 15' 18' 22' 26' 52' 47' 13' 02' 12' 04' 30' 25' 14' 16' 15' 11' 56' 04' 38' 16' 45' 19' 18' 55' 19' 11' 15' 12' 14' 11' 03' 34' 18' 28' 46' 19' 21' 38' Eleva- tion, feet Period of record 6,500 1913-15 615 1944-47 6,800 1918-23 1,090 3,200 1898-99 1927-28 1904-13 5,500 1894-95 4,850 1916-19 6,000 1914-18 5,500 1894-95 5,800 1894-96 8,000 1894-95 4,900 1940-47 4,000 1918-19 1,950 1940-47 6,800 1894-95 6,700 1894-95 3,300 1918-27 5,300 1915-16 5,010 2,700 1893- 1900 1915-18 3,000 1914-22 2,500 1904-11 7,800 1910-16 5,000 1941-42 5,125 1930-34 5,480 1894-96 2,500 1919-46 3,000 1935-37 2,400 1910-11 3,750 1940-47 Type of record B A B B B B B B B B B A B A B B B B B B B B B B B B Broken record B B B A 492 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 68— Continued PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, LAHONTAN AREA File number 6-061 6-062 6-063 6-064 6-065 6-066 Station Ridge (north) Section 9 Silver Lake Airport Strawberry Flat Upper Holcomb Yucca Grove County San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Latitude and longitude 34° 15' 117° 14' 34° 16' 117° 12' 35° 20' 116° 05' 37° 14' 117° 14' 34° 18' 116° 55' 35° 24' 115° 49' Eleva- tion, feet Period of record 5,350 1893-95 5,120 1895-96 926 1940-47 5,700 1894-96 7,250 1893-99 3,952 1936-39 Type of record B B A B B B TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A Hourly B Daily C Monthly D Seasonal WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 493 Q o S in a. O u. X r- z o z u < a u in or, Z o UJ o < Ul > < CO © CO JS s. ® sis If 3 8S 2gfe sa 'R S c3 3 sa S3 sa o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o CO «-H b- iO iO «-t 00 o Oi o> CD »H Oi co CM CD CD b- Ci CD CM CO »H »h CO "<* CM 00 CO tP i-i CO CO »0 iO 1— t i-H i— I CO CM CO Oi o CO o i-i o oo «o CM CM Ci b- rH O © i-t i-i o o © o o o o o o o o © © © o © ej 0} S-. Ui H H o o o o o o o o b- CM o CM lO i-t Tt< CO CD O 00 "* CO rH o CD CD b- b- CO CM 00 »o 00 i-i co »o »o •O CO CM CO o »o Ci CO b- CM 1— I 1-1 Tfrl CO Ci CD O Oi O © CO o co CO O tH i-l i—l rH o o o o o o © o o3 Ui o o »o o CO o o o o o © © 0} ° a © o ■As e3 3 sa CD f*> £o 4 1 sa CD r>a a, 3 «< a o o b- O rH b- CM CD CD CO CO © »o »o b- o CO O CO iH CM CO lO 00 rH O CM lO CD CM O CM »o CO O CM O i-f CO o b- CO 00 CO O •^ i-i »o O b- »o ©iHCM00C0CMCM»Hi-i O O O o o o o o o o 00 i— I O CO i-t CO CO i— • i— I o o o o Oi o CD CO b- CD b- CO CM 00 CM b- CO Tj< 1-t Oi lO CO i-t i-t i-t CO lO CO rt< CM CO CM lO CO CM i-H O CO O o »o CO b- CD CO Oi 00 Oi o b- z -t-i CQ bo 4 Ui © p. © 02 u, © O -t-a © o Ui © a © > O Ui © a © © © Ui c3 (3 03 >> Ui 03 3 Ui © Ph ,0 © Ui 03 .-3 Ui p. o? © a 3 r-S CM O >o iO b- 00 Oi CO CM m < H O H -l O -> o 3 < U O O > O z u Q z < CD u u. i K a. < > < 2 u z 3 -> INDEPENDENCE 1927-1928 TOTAL 8.61 INCHES 10 erf bl U. a! 2 5 3 -> < 0. UJ M 1- O O > o z ■J u O z < -> K A. < 5 2 3 -> SHIELDS RANCH 20 10 z h < h 20 (L U 10 U (T ft 1937-1938 TOTAL 21.17 INCHES m i MAXIMUM SEASON 20 1889-1890 TOTAL 36-20MCHES mnrm nn i i ri ii i i NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1926-1927 TOTAL I243INCHE5 — 3fl 20 ao 1942-1943 TOTAL 16.27 INCHES m MINIMUM SEASON 1932-1933 TOTAL 7.04INCHE5 10 > _i D <3 < UJ 1- o O > o z o UJ o z < ca u u. cc < 2 £C a. < > < 2 u Z -> CEDARVILLE 1932-1933 TOTAL 9.14 INCHES e 3 -> 3 < £ UJ O o > o u a i -> ui u. i 2 2 8 -> SUSANVILLE "*••* DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS LAHONTAN AREA 496 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA © a, ft e C3S o S o 3 > w Z H o o « Q < > E z o H- < N «/» tt o Ik u. u. o z 3 U ■l < < ui ec z < Z < < UJ t- V) Z s o X < -i z I UI o Q z Z _ < .J ^ o; m 2 < s ft- - * < < ui >■ s o 111 *■ u. < ec ui > < 02 Q u Z UJ < a s IA z X i- [i H < 1- tf) o z o < o s < 111 as i- IA s I '3 CD CD 1 — 'O -tf'l i—l t— li— It— It— 1 t— 1 t— 1 t— 1 t— 1 t— 1 t— 1 r— i Stream and location of gaging station Warner Lake Basin Twelve Mile Creek near Fort Bidwell Keeno Creek near Fort Bidwell Bidwell Creek near Fort Bid well __ Bidwell Creek at Fort Bidwell Mill Creek above Diversion Rutherford Creek above Diversion Soldier Creek above Diversion Cedar Creek above Diversion North Deep Creek above Diver- sions South Deep Creek below Espil Ditch Rader Creek above Flume Division Structure Eagle Creek below Mouth of Canyon Num- ber 01 g « N 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 6-7 6-8 6-9 6-10 6-11 6-12 500 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Z o eg o Ik o z 3 fig < « z < 8z < < Kg si i< i of O c z o •■§<-* !2 i= 6 a 'd © © 1 © Ut o < d o on S3 © a I © © i © © d o 00 m Average, period of record, acre-feet Type of record QQ ^ QQ § QQQQ Source of record DWRWA DWRWA USGS USGS USGS USGS USGS USGS USGS USGS Period of record 1927 1939-47 1929-34 1939-47 1913-17 1913, 15, 18 1919 1900-05 1913, 18 & 1921 1913 1916 1916 1904-05 1900-01 1905 Approx- imate eleva- tion, feet 5,000 4,700 4,200 4,150 4,200 4,180 4,500 4,190 5,000 4,120 Latitude and longitude INOONtO ONOOHOONiOH i-hC5(M05»0(MtJHO (NOi-h© NMHCOHMCil^ ^ iO i-H n< p <4 *4 < . lO CO rH CN CO CO o t^ iO t^ © t> CN t» T t o o 9*r o 1 o O O o 1 1—1 1 O | i— i i CO 1 o ■* 1-H i-H © ■* 1-H CN 00 i— 1 CO t- ^ OS OS 00 00 iO ■* CN 1-H ■* CO" »o" »o o CO* »o* »o CO* CO* CO* CO* »o" IO* »o »o* »o* iO 00 CO O05MMO^OWNON00(MNO-*0)OSNNN00OC0OMtDMN(DNNO O »H — ' C H 1— 1—1 1— 1—1 1—1 CN t— 1 CNOCNOCNCNCNCNCN.- i CN i-H CN C > CN O CN C CM © CN O CN O o o O o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o ©©©©©©©0©©©©©0©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©0©©©© «tf CN i— t MNWNMNTONCONWWWMM(NMNWNCO(NWINM(NM(NMINMNM(N i i i u i CD i CO CD © i • i i o3 CO CO J4 CO o3 3 v- 1 03 •iH 3 hi o © CD 44 3 CO 3 o 3 hQ hi Ph o3 o o 1? © CO 03 tl U CO a a o Q -*3 e3 CD CO ^4 CD CO CO 3 u, H u 03 CO 3 CD CO hi hi H * hi 03 hi 03 P a 5 3 44 © © u a 9 O 03 H 0} 44 o 3 hi H hi 03 CO a 44 CO 3 t-. H hi 03 CO 3 O 43 +3 3 O CQ 03 CO O PQ u 03 CO 3 ^4 CO 3 Fh H hi 03 CO 3 hi 03 CO 3 h? CO S> • i-H P4 hi 03 CD 3 44 CO CO hi o O •— i CD ^2 J!4 CO CO hi o CO 0Q ■8 hi CO > Ph © 3 h7 © > © © 44 CO 2 pq 03 hi © > -3 3 *© © I— I c3 T3 03 hi 03 03 Truckee River near Ca Nevada Line o 1 33 03 > pq u 3 > • ** hi CO > 3 hi CO > 3 44 CO CO hi O CO CO hi o J4* CO CO h. o s CO 44 CO CO u o J4 CO CO t-c u -i4 CO CO a O CD CO ^4 o 3 hi H o CO 3 CO -3 CD 3 CO CO o -a «t) CO CO CO CO 3 c © © © 3 in it © > • r-4 P4 hi © > 3 (S 9 © CO CO u CO u CO u CO (-1 hi hi CO 3 CO 3 CO G H E-i _o H © © © © 60 s o HH* © 44 M CO to 3 CO 3 CO to ,Q CD a G.-0 j© © "o3 _© 44 44 © w 44 3 © u 2^ CO 3 hi H O O Q 3 O Q 8 a. I— g as 2 Ph Si co -*3 CO -3 3 CO 3 l-H 3 I— i +3 3 **— • •-< i-Q "5 • — 1 hi © 3 hi H c 3 hi H CO Tt< »o CO t^ 00 OS o »H CN CO "* »o CO l^ CO © © *? CN CN CN CN CN CN CO CO CO CO CO CO cp CO CO CO 3 © 6 1 CO 1 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO 1 CO CO 1 CO 1 © 502 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Z o < a O O z 3 tt -2 < a Z < Sz < < 111 I- w Z i = «e Ul o .= z 2 o „ a V s o i 3g rs S as CXI < a; ui O u. < o a UJ W) > a < a q8 rfE IS i- < i- «A O z 5 < o < Ul DC i- -^> O o 0) o iO <*-( o_ 00 s 1 0) co" CO* (-i "* -<* d o i-H a <^ d s CI o CO 03 o3 IO co CM rH CO OS i-H OS i-H -P o o o o o o a 3 o> "* CD Sh iO i-H o CO CM a «J X o3 d o CO OS O CQ o3 0) co CM CO OS O 00 i-H OS i-H „ +» o o 50*5 03 .2 «« fa "V o o o 5r! ^ o 2 i o" CO- ® D £ £ i-H OS 5 a 03 t, CO < "-■ c3 03 TJ o Q Q Q Q Q < < < ^ H C3 (13 Jh ^3 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO Si «*-! Fh O o O O O O O O P o O OQ o CO CO CO co CO CO CO CO CO (13 *H p p p P p p p p p 73 O T3 t-c CM CM o i-H <* CO CO o 05NIOON t^ i—i CO CO i-H CO i-H OS O 7 *• CM CO T T OS O 00 rH • 3 (M ^ O 03 o © o 1—1 i—l o i-H 6 o 00 s 4 >o 00 U 1— 1 1— I rH OS i-H i— 1 OS O o 5 cq CO co o co CO PL, 03 OS OS OS i-H OS OS 00 OS Cs ^ OS OS OS OS OS os 1-H l-H i-H r-i i-H i-H i-H T-( r— 1 ^^ i-H i-H i-H i— i §-2 o3 o o o O o O o o o « 03 O a; o iO o o o *o iO o o fa o3 > CM "* CO ep iO i-H OS 00 CO «.- 03 co" id io" id id id ^* io" co" o> CD V V *. 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Latitude and longitude 03 O ^OiiOOOi- Tf — H CM rH IO O 00 rH CO rH o o CO t-h Tt< CM »0 1— 000000 *0 O O Tt< t> Tf< t~- ■* «> iO CO TfN^OO CO iH CO i-h CO i-H CO 1— ' CO rH CO ^-< CO rH CO rH J-J +3 1 1 1 > r^ 03 o3 1 1 © © 1 1 O "5b © 3 ® fi © 1 J J E 13 73 1 © oa H Z3 ""3 bO a -15 and location o station o 5 O & i ° « ™ w © rn d f-> CO (H 03 m -1-3 03 rH © r> a d O 03 © • t-H Ph © . 03 © > * s § 2 2 A O r« M © 'S (H O S o3 s ^ © O © Jd © > « > © > © r> © © © 03 03 .2 03 O 03 e3 o3 rS4 r2 t-c +3 oTo Ol> OH O • r-5 O O .-J5 Ph A CO •o^ S S S a s § § « e -§ © bo « DQ ■rH Sh Q © 4-1 Fh f-t CO +-> G O WO >o CO "3 3 . O c Q OS O .2§ otf 3S. ratio tyPl K) O -H mOB UJ U. O tates Ge of Wat€ i cation. ® as wo © UJ S^"3 U Ul flrrj •o £ rO rO DP o h ra FLOOD FLOWS Limited information has been found regarding early floods in the Lahontan Area. Newspaper files and historical writings give accounts of floods in 1861-62 on Truckee, Carson, and Walker Rivers, the three main streams that flow into Nevada from California. The towns of Dayton and Empire, and sites of the present cities of Reno, Sparks, and Fallon were inundated and a large lake formed in Truckee Meadows. This damage was all in Neveda and little is known of damage in California. There were also destructive floods on the Truckee and the Carson in 1867, 1886, 1890, and 1892, but the extent of damage in California is not known. During storms of March, 1938, there was a very destructive flood on Mojave River at the southern end of the Lahontan Area. Maximum recorded instantaneous flood flows at representative stream gaging stations in the Lahontan Area are given in the following tabulation : Maximum recorder- C1 , 7 , .. instantaneous discharge Stream and station Date Second-feet Truckee River between Lake Tahoe and Farad November 21, 1950 17,000 * East Fork Carson River near Gardnerville ..December 11, 1937 12,000 West Fork Carson River at Woodfords December 11, 1937 3,500 Mojave River at Lower Narrows near Vic- torville March 2, 1938 70,600 * Preliminary estimate, subject to revision. FLOOD FREQUENCIES In flood-frequency studies for this Area, illustrated on Plates 84 to 87, measured flow at gaging stations named was generally used. How- ever, because of natural and artificial regulation of Truckee River by Lake Tahoe, the flood-frequency study at Farad included only floods produced by the drainage area between Lake Tahoe and Farad. The stream flow record of Truckee River at the California-Nevada line started in 1899 and was unbroken until 1912. From 1912 to 1937 a station was maintained near the state line at Iceland, and from 1937 to date a station has been maintained at Farad. In the flood-frequency study for Truckee River between Lake Tahoe and Farad, these three records were combined and considered as the record for a single station. The number and size of individual floods were obtained by subtracting flow of the Truckee above the outlet of Lake Tahoe from that in the river at Farad as derived from the three records. Frequency of occurrence of snow-melt runoff for the four-month period from April 1st to July 31st is shown on Plates 86 and 87, for the Truckee River between Lake Tahoe and Farad, West Fork Carson River at Woodford, West Walker River below West Fork near Coleville, and Owens River near Round Valley. 516 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA PLATE 84 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years 8 3 ll / J J / J J / J J / / / / roT*" ■«• - h~9* • -o 1 hi urn > ■ p m •*» LEGEND ■( * 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 3 day flood ►• 5 day flood i ( < TRUCKEE RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE BETWEEN LAKE TAHOE AND FARAD AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 425 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 ic 100 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years m 8 O / / / d / x / /, /, U / i / f 1 j yii ' ■ i /v7 h ii In h LEC EN D - ^ lit ■ & 1 day flood • 2 day flood 3 day flood •■ 5 day flood i p U, f •« ■ f M tA * _ %■ \r/tf*l?/ — ■•- — x 7 J fit/ 1 AST FORK CARSON RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE NEAR GARDNERVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 345 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 517 PLATE 85 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 1 10 100 1000 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years <:8 5 .EGEND M Ml < ^ 1 day flood * 2 day flood 5 3 day flood ► 5 day flood i t < 'EST FORK CARSON RIVER FLOOD DISCHARGE AT WOODFORDS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 68 SQUARE MILES 1 Daily mean flow in second-feet per square mile 10 100 1C 100 Probable frequency of occurrence in 100 years § 3 \ / jl / / / / / / / j /♦ / o /• 4 - • ■9 ► C '► fj m c / y u / \\/ / '^ EST FORK CARSON RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF AT WOODFORDS AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 68 SQUARE MILES WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 519 PLATE 87 o o c 3 CT _s O CL April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 10 100 1000 10000 — i 1 oi 10 _ / c ° 1 3 / / rfi^ 4r in -©- c WEST WALKER RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF BELOW EAST FORK NEAR COLEVILLE AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 182 SQUARE MILES April-July total snowmelt runoff in 1,000 acre-feet 10 100 1000 s 8 cr v wfc M _D _s O CL 1 1 10 I rv\ o Q »— ^ OWENS RIVER SNOWMELT RUNOFF NEAR ROUND VALLEY AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN 450 SQUARE MILES 520 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA QUALITY OF WATER The Lahontan Area has several closed basins which terminate in lakes, salt sinks, or playas, some in California and some in Nevada. The important water supplies originate in the Sierra Nevada north of Owens Lake, in the Warner Range in northeastern Modoc County, and along the southern boundary of the Area in the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains. More than 300,000 acre-feet of waters of the Owens Valley and Mono Basin are exported annually to the South Coastal Area by the City of Los Angeles. Relatively minor water supplies originate in a num- ber of mineral springs. Surface Waters Surface waters draining from eastern slopes of the Warner Range, the Sierra Nevada, and the San Gabriel and San Bernardino Mountains are of excellent mineral quality and well suited for general use, as shown in Table 74. These mountains, composed largely of granitic materials, contribute only slight quantities of mineral solubles to runoff. Low min- eral content and favorable composition of the stream flow have coun- terparts in the previously discussed high quality surface waters that flow from western slopes of mountains in the Central Valley Area. In parts of the Lahontan Area hot springs adversely affect surface waters. A typical case is Hot Creek above its confluence with Owens River, which receives inflow from hot springs containing high percent sodium, and as high as 10 or more parts per million of elemental boron. About one-third of the boron in the Los Angeles water supply may be attributed to Hot Creek. Water in Mono Lake contains a concentration of salts higher than that of sea water. These salts are alkaline carbonates, chlorides, and sul- phates. Even heavier concentrations of similar salts are present in Owens Lake, and in alkali lakes in Surprise Valley. Although moderately min- eralized, water of Eagle Lake in Honey Lake Basin, after being mixed with high quality water in Willow Creek, was used for irrigation from 1923 until 1935, when the surface of Eagle Lake fell below the intake portal of the outlet tunnel. Tule Lake in Lassen County contains water of usable quality in wetter years. Ground Waters Use of ground water for irrigation in the Lahontan Area has been confined mainly to Antelope and Owens Valleys, although there are a few wells in Honey Lake Basin and in Surprise Valley. Analyses of ground waters in Antelope and Owens Valleys, presented in Table 75, show these waters to be calcic-carbonate type, and generally of good quality and suitable for irrigation. However, ground waters in local tracts in the Owens Valley contain abnormal amounts of boron, as indicated in the last three analyses in Table 75. Sodium displaces calcium as the dominant base in these latter waters. 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CO CM o? CD o o? o CD o^ o o^ CN kO CN s - oo 1— 1 o? O kO CO s - • GO • oo ■sh • oo • oo os *H • oo '-I • io ** GO i— 1 GO i—i 00 i—l vfr T— 1 00 i—i 00 CN ** t> ©4 ^ ©} O 0>J 1—1 OS Kp O ON O K o CD s - 00 <* o? U0 o? co o? lO o? i—i o o? CO K o »o s - T— 1 ~l i— 1 O ©» d >1 o *-H d ■>-1 o *-H o ■M 00 00 IO ©* *o s * 1— 1 CO kO to 6 s - CM s - CM CO o^ CN CO o? o o? CO o? T— I 00 £ lO Kp T^ s - CN o^ t- vO CO s - • ©* • Oi OS *-H s ^- • to ©> • OS 00 • to rH >-< o d d >-H d *"H o *H d *"H CM i— i CM O kO CD s - lO Kp iO s - o o^ o CD o? CD o^ 00 £ HO to s - M0 K© iO s - -i 1—1 UJ en CO CO < in 0) ^ CO S- 1 co co J2 Gj^ CO M co o3 « pD SsS CO O+j W3fi CO "XT' l__i o 8 524. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA CO e O < «■ «! H K H TO Q O Q O O u H H p w O 1-5 CHAPTER X. COLORADO DESERT AREA Although, the Colorado Desert Area is characteristically arid, it is rimmed by high mountains on the northwest, with peaks that may be described as Alpine in nature. Irrigation by surface water from the Colorado River, and by pumping from ground water in the Coachella Valley has transformed great acreages of desert lands into productive farmlands, making the Area one of the most outstanding agricultural regions in the State. LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION The Colorado Desert Area, designated Area No. 7 on Plate 2, embraces the portion of the Colorado River Basin that is within Cali- fornia, including the Salton Sea Basin and local sinks east of the South Coastal Area. It extends from the southern boundary of the Lahontan Area to the California-Mexico boundary. Large expanses are below sea level, the lowest point being Salton Sink with its lowest elevation 278 feet below sea level. The Area lies between latitudes 32J° and 35J° N., and •extends about 180 miles north to south and about 150 miles east to west. The Colorado River, which forms the eastern boundary of Southern California and borders the Colorado Desert Area on the east, together with its great drainage basin of over 250,000 square miles reaching into seven states, is considered in Appendix E, "Colorado River." STREAMS AND AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS Most of the runoff in the Colorado Desert Area is derived from the southern portion of the San Bernardino Mountains, from which White- water River drains into Salton Sea. Several minor streams drain from the San Jacinto and Peninsular Ranges toward Salton Sea. New and Alamo Rivers, old overflow channels of Colorado River, flow from the California-Mexico border through Imperial Valley to Salton Sea, but they now contribute no natural runoff, carrying only waste and other drainage from canals and irrigated lands of the Imperial Valley and the Mexicali Valley in Mexico. Streams directly tributary to Colorado River in this Area are small, with only sporadic flow. Table 76 lists areas of drainage basins in the Colorado Desert Area. PRECIPITATION Seasonal precipitation in the Colorado Desert Area is light, the seasonal average for stations with records extending ten years or longer, shown in Table 77, being 7.9 inches. For stations under 1,000 feet in eleva- tion the seasonal average is. 3. 6 inches, and for those above 1,000 feet it is 20.6 inches. Three-fourths of the seasonal precipitation occurs from December to April, inclusive, but local cloudbursts of high intensity are not infrequent from May to November. Summers in the Colorado Desert Area are hot, with low relative humidity, and there is marked contrast between day and night tempera- tures during all seasons. Eighty-five percent of possible sunshine is ( 525 ) 526 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 76 AREAS OF DRAINAGE BASINS, COLORADO DESERT AREA In Square Miles (Only Figures in Bold Face Type Are Carried Into "Totals, Colorado Desert Area") Number on Plate 2 Stream or stream group basin Mountains and foothills Valley and mesa 5,833 2,764 1,074 500 84 341 969 489 96 182 11 1,683 637 771 81 345 155 644 1,225 231 610 563 1,667 3,071 9,929 9,801 Totals 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 Mojave Desert Group Whitewater River Basin West Salton Sea Group Carrizo Creek Group Coyote Wash Group Imperial Irrigation District Group East Salton Sea Group Direct drainage to Colorado River Pilot Knob Group Yuma Group Bly the Group Needles Group Colorado River direct TOTALS, COLORADO DESERT AREA IN CALIFORNIA 8,597 1,574 425 1,458 278 1,694 1,408 312 955 718 2,311 4,296 19,730 normal. Prevailing winds are from the west, with highest velocities in the spring. Of the 20 precipitation stations in the Area that have unbroken records of 10 or more seasons, that at Indio has the longest record, being unbroken since 1878. The 20 stations now maintained are insufficient to cover adequately the 19,730 square miles in the Area. Maximum recorded seasonal precipitation in the Area occurred at Raywoods Flat, at an elevation of 7,200 feet in San Bernardino County, in 1936-37, and amounted to 68.34 inches. Average seasonal precipitation at this station is 39.22 inches. Palm Springs, at an elevation of 584 feet in Riverside County, recorded no precipitation during 1896-97, the seasonal average at this station being 5.77 inches. At Bagdad, at an eleva- tion of 784 feet in San Bernardino County, there was no precipitation during 1917-18, and average seasonal precipitation is only 2.24 inches. Elevations of the 20 present stations range from 250 feet below sea level to 7,200 feet above. Continuous recorders are maintained at nine precipitation stations in the Area, as listed in Table 78, the first having been installed at Coa- chella in 1939. Records provided by these recorders are not of sufficient length to show satisfactorily rainfall intensities to be expected in the Area. Precipitation stations with records of less than 10 years are listed in Table 79. Data presented in Table 80, and on the bar diagrams of Plate 88, "Distribution of Precipitation at Selected Stations, Colorado Desert Area," relate to monthly distribution of precipitation at four stations considered representative of the Area with respect to elevations and topography. At each of these stations the minimum recorded precipi- tation for every month of the year was zero. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 527 Mean seasonal precipitation on valley and mesa lands of the Colorado Desert Area for the period from 1897-98 to 1946-47 is estimated to have been 2,030,000 acre-feet, as shown in Table 81. Precipitation records are so scattered in this Area that this estimate is no more than a rough approximation. Although nearly half of the Colorado Desert Area is classed as valley or mesa land, rainfall upon it is generally so light that aggregate contribution from this source to the State's water resources is of little practical significance. 528 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 77 MEAN, MAXIMUM, AND MINIMUM SEASONAL PRECIPITATION AT STATIONS WITH UNBROKEN RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER, COLORADO DESERT AREA (For Explanatory Notes, See End of Table) Mean for — Maximum and No. Name of station County Latitude and longitude Ele- va- tion, feet Period of record Type and source of record minimum on Plate 3 Period of record 1897- 1947 Season Inches 7-13 Amos.- Imperial 33° 115° 08' 16' 255 1878-79 1930-31 BC USWB 2.46 3.02 1911-12 1897-98 7.85 Trace 7-18 Bard Imperial 32° 114° 47' 32' 137 1911-12 1937-38 B Private 3.91 4.18 1926-27 1928-29 9.20 0.36 7-15 Brawley Imperial 32° 115° 59' 32' —119 1909-10 1945-46 B USWB 2.70 2.40 1939-40 1933-34 8.02 0.02 7-17 Calexico Imperial 32° 115° 40' 30' 1905-06 1946-47 B USWB 2.81 2.71 1921-22 1924-25 6.84 0.71 7-16 ElCentro Imperial 32° 115° 49' 34' -52 1932-33 1946-47 BD USWB 3.11 3.17 1940-41 1933-34 7.19 0.67 7-14 Imperial-.. . Imperial _.. 32° 115° 50' 36' —69 1902-03 1946-47 BD USWB 3.67 3.49 1904-05 1928-29 10.03 0.16 7-19 Banning No. 3 Riverside. . _ 33° 116° 56' 52' 2,400 1919-20 1938-39 B Private 17.52 16.18 1936-37 1933-34 30.18 9.46 7-11 Blythe Riverside. ._ 33° 114° 36' 36' 268 1909-10 1946-47 BC USWB 4.13 4.03 1939-40 1933-34 8.25 0.21 7-9 Hayfield Reservoir Riverside. _ - 33° 115° 42' 37' 1,372 1936-37 1946-47 AB USWB 5.28 3.69 1939-40 1942-43 11.29 3.23 7-6 Hurley Flat- - Riverside... 33° 116° 52' 47' 3,600 1919-20 1937-38 B Private 20.35 20.01 1936-37 1930-31 36.06 8.54 7-8 Indio -- Riverside.. . 33° 116° 43' 12' —20 1878-79 1946-47 BC USWB 3.28 3.57 1939-40 1922-23 11.50 0.18 7-10 Mecca _. Riverside... 33° 116° 34' 05' —185 1905-06 1946-47 D USWB 3.40 3.40 1926-27 1928-29 8.01 0.12 7-7 Palm Springs . Riverside. ._ 33° 116° 49' 33' 584 1889-90 1946-47 BC USWB 5.77 6.04 1926-27 1896-97 17.68 7-12 Salton -. Riverside. .. 33° 115° 28' 53' —250 1889-90 1906-07 BC USWB 2.66 2.71 1904-05 1895-96 9.29 Trace 7-2 Bagdad - -. San Ber- nardino 34° 115° 35' 52' 784 1903-04 1942-43 ABC USWB 2.24 2.22 1904-05 1917-18 10.20 7-5 Iron Mountain San Ber- nardino 34° 115° 09' 07' 924 1935-36 1946-47 AB USWB 3.50 2.93 1939-40 1946-47 9.01 1.11 7-1 Needles Airport San Ber- nardino 34° 114° 46' 38' 887 1892-93 1946-47 ABC USWB 4.63 4.81 1939-40 1895-96 13.36 0.50 7-3 Parker Reser- voir San Ber- nardino 34° 114° 17' 10' 723 1934-35 1946-47 B USWB 6.16 5.28 1940-41 1942-43 13.00 2.97 7-4 Raywood Flats San Ber- nardino 34° 116° 03' 50' 7,200 1919-20 1945-46 BD DWR 39.22 37.83 1936-37 1933-34 68.34 23.56 7-20 San Felipe San Diego. . 33° 116° 11' 37' 3,600 1911-12 1944-45 B Private 20.60 22.50 1915-16 1918-19 35.28 10.08 ABBREVIATIONS-COLORADO DESERT AREA TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name B C D Daily Monthly Seasonal Abbreviation DWR USWB SOURCE OF RECORD Name State Division of Water Resources United States Weather Bureau WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 529 TABLE 78 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH CONTINUOUS RECORDERS, COLORADO DESERT AREA (Asterisk indicates stations at which precipitation records have been kept for 10 years or longer; also the station number on Plate 3) File number 7-001 7-007 7-008 7-9* 7-2* 7-5* 7-1* 7-3* 7-016 Station El Centro Blythe Airport Coachella Hayfield Reservoir. Bagdad Iron Mountain Needles Airport Parker Reservoir. _ Canebrake Canyon County Imperial Riverside Riverside Riverside San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Diego Latitude Eleva- and tion, longi tude feet 32° 47' 39 115° 34' 33° 37' 385 114° 43' 33° 41' —70 116° 10' 33° 42' 1,372 115° 37' 34° 35' 784 115° 52' 34° 09' 924 115° 07' 34° 46' 887 114° 38' 34° 17' 723 114° 10' 32° 52' 2,460 116° 20' Period of record Dec. June Nov. June Apr. June Dec. June Nov. Dec. Dec. June Nov. June Dec. June July June 1941 1947 1940 1947 1940 1947 1941 1947 1941 1943 1941 1947 1940 1947 1941 1947 1945 1947 Source of record City of El Centro CAA CAA Met. WD of S Cal. USWB USWB CAA Met. WD of S Cal. USWB Abbreviation USWB CAA Met. WD of S. Cal. SOURCE OF RECORD Name United States Weather Bureau Civil Aeronautics Administration Airway Communica- tion Station Metropolitan W T ater District of Southern California 530 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 79 PRECIPITATION STATIONS WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS, COLORADO DESERT AREA File number 7-001 7-002 7-003 7-004 7-005 7-006 7-007 7-008 7-009 7-010 7-011 7-012 7-013 7-014 7-015 7-016 Station El Centro Heber Ogilby Picacho Andreas Canyon Andreas Garden Bly the Airport Coachella Millard Canyon Millard Forks Mission Valley Palm Canyon Whitewater Canyon Whitewater Ranch _ Los Flores Canebrake Canyon. County Imperial Imperial Imperial Imperial Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside San Bernardino San Diego Latitude and longitude 32° 115° 32° 115° 32° 114° 33° 47' 34' 44' 28' 49' 50' 01' 114° 37' 33° 45' 116° 33° 116° 33° 114° 33° 116° 33° 116° 33° 116° 34° 116° 33° 116° 33' 47' 33' 37' 43' 41' 10' 57' 48' 59' 47' 00' 34' 43' 32' 33° 54' 116° 38' 33° 116° 34° 116° 32° 116° 57' 39' 04' 39' 52' 20' Eleva- tion, feet 39 -20 354 250 800 700 385 -70 2,500 3,500 1,700 1,400 1,500 1,200 1,390 2,460 Period of record 1942-47 1906-14 1897- 1903 1896-98 1920-22 1920-22 1940-47 1940-47 1919-22 1919-22 1918-22 1919-21 1919-21 1920-21 1944 1945-47 Type of record A B C B B B A A B B B B B B A A TYPE OF RECORD Abbreviation Name A B C Hourly Daily Monthly WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 53] >> ■ _i o o O o o O o o o O o o •A d .is £a o o O o o o o o o O o o gco d d d d d d d d d o d o Q °5 en OPh CD d cd d PQ § i _. 00 T-H ^H fr- o CM CO o iO CM oo oo 5 ui ■Hi o3 3 sa 00 T— 1 (M CD i o3:g TH CM ^ 00 TH CD iO 00 -* o 00 iO oo «£ co t^ ^ CM CO CO o o ^ CM o o CO O ^ ri M o O O O o O o o o O o o •* u. -Sa z i- i , o O o o o O o o o o o o z d a sa o o o o o O o o o o o o 2 -1-2 <3) o o o o o O o o o o o o P1-B X d c3 5§^d°9 u , l> I— 1 CD tH OS Tf T-H CD CO t> t> <* < 111 z 'x a 00 CD OS b- ^ ^ o r— 1 o I— 1 iO CO < III >-i - S5 fe > a o3 d sa tH co 00 •*> 2p5 cd 5 1> 00 CM o tH o I> oo o r-l T*H T-H T-H as in o o eM o CO o CM O CM O CO o CO o o co o l—l O o o o o CM CO < (A > 2 UI Q -5a u o i — i © o o o o O o o o o o o in 0. a < ■+2 ij) o © o d o d o d o d o d o d o d o d o d o d o d S ■j o §12 d o3 ^^ d r ~ l £p2 0-r S- PH^ pq co s 3 1 d o © CM iO CX3 l> p— i o o o t> CO u 11 sa OJ a LO <* CM »o CM ^ l> E 80 IVIINI z -5 CM CM 10 1—1 i— i CM CM CO a CD 5*1 o3:g ^a © l> CO CD CM o iO oo tH t> co 00 OS < — CM ■* »o CM co l> < Ua 'd a .3 d sa o o o o o o o o o o o o < h- co o o o o o o o o o ,o o o S < i? 2 U3 I— 1 co CM Tt< r— 1 CO CM CO T-H ■ -i X i- C72 z r-l ^ < o •** d t-l CD a CD +=> Ph CD m u CD o -1-3 o O S-H CD a CD > o CD a CD o CD >> 03 53 3 03 t-3 >> u o3 d pO CD rd' o 03 • PI ft o3 CD d 1-5 c72 532 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 81 ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL PRECIPITATION ON VALLEY AND MESA LANDS 1897-98 TO 1946-47 COLORADO DESERT AREA Number on Plate 2 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 Stream or stream group basin Mojave Desert Group Whitewater River Basin West Sal ton Sea Group Carrizo Creek Group Coyote Wash Group Imperial Irrigation District Group East Salton Sea Group Direct drainage to Colorado River Pilot Knob Group Yuma Group . m Blythe Group Needles Group TOTAL, COLORADO DESERT AREA IN CALIFORNIA Precipitation in acre-feet 590,000 133,000 54,600 156,000 48,500 269,000 123,000 49,300 130,000 120,000 356,000 2,029,400 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 533 PLATE 88 20 10 1911- 1912 TOTAL 7.83 INCHES m. MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1939-1940 TOTAL 6 25 INCHES 9 NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON W Id I 20 20 1894 - 1895 TOTAL 2.44 INCHES 10 o m 20 10 1923-1924 TOTAL 4.13 INCHES MINIMUM SEASON 10 1897- 1898 TOTAL T. INCHES > -1 3 o 3 < t u V- u O > O z o u o z < ai Ul U. 5 0. < > < 2 u z 1 AMOS 1933-1934 TOTAL 0.21 INCHES 10 5 3 i < 0. Ul M u o > o z o UJ G z < -> m Ul U. < 2 a. < > < 5 BLYTHE 20 10 z 2 o h < t *> a U 'o 1939-1940 TOTAL N.50 INCHES 1 1 MAXIMUM SEASON 20 10 1939-1940 TOTAL 13.36 INCHES H m. .«_ 1 NEAREST TO AVERAGE SEASON 1907-1908 TOTAL 3 18 INCHES m 20 1912-1913 TOTAL 4.60 INCHES 10 mm m MINIMUM SEASON 20 1922 -1923 TOTAL 0.16 INCHES 10 > -I D -> 3 ■< UJ OCT. NOV. u U! a z < ai ui U. a < 2 a. < > < 2 Ul Z 3 -> 1 NDIO 1895-1896 TOTAL 0.30 INCHES 10 5 3 -> 3 < 1- 0. Ul o z o Ul a CD Ul u. 5 2 c < > < 2 3 -> NEEDLES «s«»- DISTRIBUTION OF PRECIPITATION AT SELECTED STATIONS COLORADO DESERT AREA 534 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RUNOFF The Colorado Desert Area has the most meager runoff of the seven hydrog-raphic Areas of the State. Occasional cloudbursts may cause brief and localized torrential runoff. However, runoff from mountains and foothills is usually derived from more general rainfall, and streams in the northwestern portion are partly fed from snow on Mount San Gor- gonio and Mount San Jacinto. Aside from those on the Colorado River, there are only four stream gaging" stations in the Area, as listed in Table 82. Owing to lack of adequate runoff records, estimates of long-time mean seasonal runoff were made from available information on types and distribution of storms in the Area, and from historical knowledge of stream flow and of the condition of stream channels. It was assumed that all precipitation in excess of one inch per storm becomes runoff. To estimate runoff, all available precipitation records were examined and one inch was sub- tracted from recorded precipitation of each storm exceeding that amount. The result was a total probable runoff of 64.11 inches for 188 station-seasons, or a mean runoff of 0.34 inch per season, which is the equivalent of 18 acre-feet per square mile. Streams in the Area were then segregated into eight stream groups. By applying the estimated seasonal runoff rate of 18 acre-feet per square mile to the drainage area of each group, estimated mean seasonal natural runoff for the 53-year period from 1894-95 to 1946-47 was derived, results of which are shown in Table 83. Total mean seasonal natural runoff for the Area was estimated to be 179,000 acre-feet, or 0.3 percent of the total from mountain and foothill land in the State. If natural flow of Mojave River is taken as an index of runoff to be expected from basins of the Colorado Desert Area, minimum seasonal runoff in the Area was only 16,000 acre-feet in 1899-1900, and the maxi- mum totaled 774,000 acre-feet in 1921-22. Using the same basis for an estimate, average seasonal water supply of the Area during the 10-year period from 1895-96 to 1904-05 was found to be 44.4 percent of the long- time mean. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 535 t/> z ^ < h- «/> fit u. ik Ik o z < 3 ui u a < ■j < H- z Ul m (A Ul < a UJ - < O at UJ u. > < +3 00 o o> o> CD CO »H CO s o> co' 3 e a oo TfH 0) OS N JH 1 o> oo* t-* 3 u o l-H s < 'S 03 S l-l t^ t^ o CO OJ 03 05 co ci O CO verage period of ecord, cre-fee o cq id 00 l-H »o" <| M o3 © 73 So g < < < < H 8 l-l Source of record co co CO CO o e> O o CO CO CO CO p p T3 -O i—( i— 1 ■* co OS o ^ o o o o o o CO CO CO O CO CO CO CO co <-h co i— i CO rH CO H 1—1 1— 1 T— 1 1— 1 £ 1 o •+J H 'bC o3 M o 13 ! P^ ! (-1 o> e3 o3 S-i 0) +=> o3 3 o3 O 1 d 3.8 0) --H -d ^-1 H-3 B loc stat d 03 d o • l-H PI a d ^ ^ ^ «2 9> ■S .9 O 0) 0> o3 Ph d o> o o3 02 co _ C d ^ {/J ^3 O o3 ^ o3 -^Ph fe 03 CO o d CO ■5% CO £ £ * -2 i-H l^ 2 S c8 ^ i i 1 t-!. l> ^H n «> J2 Q£ s 7. O e i — u fei UJ cc hi o IJL o o OJ UJ O u O 1 or 4-J 3 o 03 73 to o •c*> 0) +J •«r^ 73 to Z- S>- Ul u ^ a as. O u UJ D. >- o3 Q 536 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TABLE 83 ESTIMATED MEAN SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, 1894-95 TO 1946-47, INCLUDING RUNOFF OF STREAMS FOR WHICH THERE ARE NO RECORDS, COLORADO DESERT AREA In Acre-feet Number on Plate 2 Basin, sub-basin, or stream group Sub-basin or main tributary Subtotals Total for basin or group 8-1 8-2 8-3 8-4 Mojave Desert Group Whitewater River Basin West Salton Sea Group Carrizo Creek Group Coyote Wash Group Imperial Irrigation District Group- East Salton Sea Group Direct drainage to Colorado River Pilot Knob Group Yuma Group Blythe Group Needles Group 105,000 19,300 1,500 17,400 1,700 200 11,500 1,500 6,200 2,800 11,600 22,100 TOTAL, COLORADO DESERT AREA IN CALIFORNIA 178,700 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 537 FLOOD FLOWS Floods in streams and dry washes of the Colorado Desert Area are generally local in nature. While damage resulting from them has occa- sionally been severe, it has been mainly limited to highways and rail- roads, and to canals in the Imperial Valley. Principal cause of these local floods has been summer cloudbursts. Because of lack of available data, no studies of flood frequencies in the Area have been attempted during the present investigation. Flood flows in Colorado River are related to the entire Colorado River Basin and are discussed generally in Appendix E. As a matter of historical interest, a flood of great magnitude in the Colorado Desert Area resulted in 1905 and 1906 from an uncontrolled diversion from Colorado River into Imperial Valley. On May 17, 1904, the California Development Company, through a Mexican subsidiary, "La Sociedad de Reigos y Terrenos de la Baja California/' was granted a right by the Mexican Government to convey through Mexico, to the United States, water diverted in the United States or in Mexico and, in addition, a right to divert 10,000 second-feet of water from the Colorado River in Mexico for such purpose. Because of physical difficulty experienced in diverting water from the Colorado in the United States, two dredger cuts were made from the river in Mexico to accomplish this diversion. The cuts extended to the Alamo Canal, also known as the Imperial Canal, and the first was imme- diately below, and the second about four miles below the International Boundary. Pending approval by the Mexican Government of the right to install control gates in these cuts, none was constructed, but water never- the less was diverted into Alamo Canal. Unprecedented floods from Gila River in Arizona during the winter of 1904-05 made closing of the lower cut imperative, but efforts to do this were unavailing. This cut, originally 60 feet wide, had been greatly enlarged by the river, as had also the Alamo Canal below the cut. By August, 1905, the entire Colorado was running through the cut into Imperial Canal, and through Imperial Valley into Salton Sink. Throughout 1906 strenuous efforts to turn the river permanently back into its old channel toward the Gulf of California were unsuccessful. Although the river had been confined to its old channel on November 4, 1906, following completion of Hind Dam, a second break occurred on December 7th. On December 20th, at the request of President Theodore Roosevelt, the Southern Pacific Company started on a second closure. This was finally accomplished on February 19, 1907, with completion of Clarke Dam, which permanently re-estab- lished the river in its previous channel. Estimated cost of twice turning back the river exceeded $2,000,000, and widespread damage, estimated to be more than $8,000,000, was caused by flooding. Of recent years, more than 40 years after the closure, the United States paid the Southern Pacific Company over $1,000,000 as compensation for its expenditures in closing the break. Among principal flood losses were virtual destruc- tion of 13,000 acres of agricultural land of which 3,000 acres was under cultivation at the time, extensive damage to the main line of the Southern Pacific Company, scouring of the channels of New and Alamo Rivers, and extensive destruction to portions of the town of Mexicali. 5:3 8 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA CO CO < < i- Ui «/» UI a o a < a O -i O u (ft UI < UI U < u. o to UI >- ■J < Z < Z < o a O z 0) I 1 1 CD 1 ec O i 1 1 O i d O o3 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 03 i Eh ^ C CO CO 6 s - CD I O i 03 i £o? S^ CO Kp iO s - 2££ 2^ 0) ■ to o o . ©i 1— 1 »H • ©} O . ©j O d 8 stituents : Liila in per _h 2£ lO K? 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Since 1949 water service from the Colorado has also been available in Coachella Valley, which was almost entirely dependent on ground water prior to that time. A considerable portion of the irrigable lands in Coachella Valley remains dependent upon ground water. Surface Waters Excluding the Colorado River, surface inflows to the Colorado Desert Area are largely from minor streams, of which Whitewater River is the largest, originating in the San Bernardino, San Jacinto, San Vsidro, and Santa Rosa Mountains. Waters of these streams are of the calcic-carbonate type. Percent sodium and boron content are low, as are total solubles except in dry-weather flows of Palm, Deep, and Mar- tinez creeks. Inorganic chemical analyses of waters representative of surface streams of the Area are presented in Table 84. During any year since storage on Colorado River commenced at Lake Mead, the concentration of mineral solubles in water released from the reservoir has varied less than 10 percent from the following : total mineral solubles, 661 parts per million; specific electrical conductance, 100; elemental boron, 0.07 part per million; and percent sodium, 42. Weighted average concentration of salts in water diverted into the Colo- rado River Aqueduct from the Colorado is about 10 percent higher than the foregoing values. Ground Waters No special studies of quality of ground waters in the Colorado Desert Area were made in the present investigation. Instead, reference is made to a paper by Raymond A. Hill, Consulting Engineer, entitled, "Geo- chemical Patterns in Coachella Valley,' in Part 1 of Transactions, American Geophysical Union, January, 1940, and to a report by M. R. Huberty, A. F. Pillsbury, and V. P.. Sokoloff, entitled "Hydrologic Studies in Coachella Valley," published in June, 1948, by the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station. Both publications deal with quality of ground water in the Coachella Valley. The detailed studies set forth show that percent sodium is generally less than 30 in ground water of the upper portion of the valley northwest of Indio, and that it gradually increases down the valley toward Salton Sea to about 90 in the vicinity of Mecca. Magnesium gradually decreases from moderate amounts in the upper portion of the valley to only a trace near Mecca. Calcium content shows a similar but less marked decrease down the valley. Representative inorganic chemical analyses of these waters are presented in Table 85. APPENDIX A RECLAMATION OF SEWAGE AND WASTE WATERS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Reclamation of Sewage and Waste Waters 545 Factors Affecting Feasibility of Sewage Reclamation 545 San Francisco Bay Area 548 Quantity of Sewage 548 Qualit}^ of Sewage 549 Summary 554 South Coastal Area 556 Quantity of Sewage 556 Quality of Sewage 556 (544) RECLAMATION OF SEWAGE AND WASTE WATERS Data are presented in this appendix relating to quantity and quality of sewage discharged directly into the ocean or tidal waters in the San Francisco Bay and South Coastal Areas. Such sewage is substantial in amount, and a portion has the possibility of being reclaimed and utilized for certain beneficial purposes. The aggregate quantity of sewage dis- charged to the ocean in the North and Central Coastal Areas is relatively small, however, while in the other five major hydrographic areas of the State the disposal of sewage is generally onto lands overlying ground water basins or into inland streams, thereby replenishing ground water supplies or augmenting stream flow. The term "sewage," as used in this appendix, is defined as wastes flowing in sewers from residences, business buildings, institutions, and industrial establishments, with such ground, surface, and storm waters as may be admitted to or find their way into the sewers. Quantitative data presented in this appendix relating to sewage dispersed into sea water in the San Francisco Bay and South Coastal Areas, as well as certain of the information on mineral quality of the sewage, were obtained from cities or other public agencies operating sewerage works. Mineral quality of sewage in the San Francisco Bay Area was largely determined from analyses of samples obtained in the course of the investigation from sewerage systems in the area. Analyses of sewage from cities or districts in the South Coastal Area were obtained from official reports which have been made to those agencies. In all cases the data pertain to dry -weather flow or firm supply of sewage, and are exclusive of storm waters which may in some cases be discharged through the sewer outfalls during winter storms. Presentation of data included in this appendix should not be con- sidered as a finding of feasibility for reclamation and utilization of sewage. To determine feasibility, each individual sewage reclamation project must be considered on its own merits, after detailed investigation and study. Certain of the factors affecting feasibility of reclamation of sewage are discussed in the following section. FACTORS AFFECTING FEASIBILITY OF SEWAGE RECLAMATION The feasibility, economic and otherwise, of reclaiming sewage and utilizing it for beneficial purposes is dependent upon a number of con- ditions. Among the factors relating to feasibility is the determination that need for supplemental water exists. In this connection, investigation of the feasibility of reclaiming and utilizing water from sewage is particu- larly important for densely settled coastal areas around San Francisco Bay and from Ventura south to the Mexican border, in portions of which acute water shortages now prevail, and where significant quantities of sewage are discharged through outfall sewers into sea water. ( 545 ) 18—27922 546 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA A project for reclamation and utilization of sewage must be physi- cally practicable. The determination of practicability is essentially an engineering problem, and dependent upon analysis and study of engi- neering data pertinent to the proposed sewage reclamation and utilization works. Water reclaimed from sewage of suitable mineral quality by proper treatment could be used directly for irrigation and certain industrial purposes. Consideration is now being given in the South Coastal Area as to the feasibility of using reclaimed sewage to build up a ground water ridge along certain sections of the coast to prevent intrusion of sea water. Since in many instances the demand for reclaimed sewage would not be continuous, it would be advantageous to utilize underground storage capacity, if available, for regulatory purposes, in order that full use could be made of the reclamation facilities. Maximum benefits as regards water conservation would result from replenishment of underground storage reservoirs by reclaimed sewage only where the ground water basins were overdrawn, or where there was planned operation of the underground reservoirs for maximum sustained yield. In order to preserve the quality of the water resources of a given area, it is desirable that any sewage used there as a supplemental irriga- tion supply, or for recharge of ground water basins, possess mineral quality at least comparable with that of local ground water supplies. Reclaimed water might be within acceptable limits for irrigation use yet be considerably poorer in mineral quality than the water supply being supplemented. Prolonged use of such water for irrigation might result in deterioration of mineral quality of ground water supplies in zones of free ground water. The feasibility of reclamation and reuse of water from sewage would depend in part on quality and on cost of water from competitive sources. Cost of the reclaimed sewage delivered at points of use would have to compare favorably with that of water at least equal in quantity and quality obtainable from another source. Furthermore, to qualify for economic comparison there would have to be evidence that a proposed sewage reclamation project would yield a firm supply of water, suitable in sanitary and mineral quality for uses considered. In order to assure a dependable water supply from sewage, a contractual agreement for maintenance of minimum requirements both as to quantity and quality of sewage would be essential in most cases. Sewage which is now of acceptable quality might progressively deteriorate due to uncontrolled addition of deleterious wastes. Furthermore, without such an agreement, an agency might rearrange and relocate its sewerage system, with possible resultant harmful effects on both quantity and quality of the sewage available to the reclamation plant. Insofar as mineral quality of sewage is concerned, success of recla- mation projects would depend in many cases upon segregation of domestic sewage from deleterious industrial wastes. Domestic sewage is usually of sufficiently good mineral quality to be reclaimable for irriga- tion and certain industrial uses, except where degraded by wastes from water-softening plants or by infiltration of saline ground waters into sewer lines. In general, experience has shown that the increment in mineral content of domestic sewage is about 100 parts per million over that of the water supply, consisting chiefly of sodium and chlorides de- WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 547 rived from soap and body wastes. By contrast, sewage containing indus- trial wastes is often highly mineralized, and in most instances is not acceptable for reclamation and use for irrigation, recharge of ground water basins, nor for many industrial uses. The minimum sanitary standards for reclaimed water for agricul- tural use are set forth in regulations adopted by the State Department of Public Health on May 27, 1933, in its Special Bulletin No. 59, "Regu- lations on Use of Sewage for Irrigating Crops. ' ' Briefly, these regulations provide that no raw or untreated sewage shall be used on fodder crops, field crops, and some orchard crops, and that well-oxidized and thoroughly disinfected effluents may be used without restriction if the bacterial standards of the United States Public Health Service for drink- ing water are continuously met. To meet public health standards both primary and secondary treatment of sewage would be required. Standards pertaining to mineral quality of sewage for irrigation use are the same as those generally used in evaluating quality of fresh water for such use. These standards have been presented and discussed in Chapter III of this bulletin. Quality requirements for water to be used in industrial processes vary widely depending upon the particular process involved. Reclaimed water is in general suitable for such industrial uses as cooling and quenching. In its untreated state sewage normally contains inorganic and organic matter in suspension and in solution, together with a large num- ber of bacteria. Concentration of suspended and soluble constituents is generally of the order of 0.1 percent by weight. The offensive characteris- tics of sewage result primarily from bacterial action on its putrescible organic constituents. Conversion of sewage into a stable, inoffensive, and sterile effluent may be accomplished by a combination of two or more processes. Primary treatment removes the greater amount of the sus- pended materials, while secondary or final treatment removes most of the remaining offensive organic matter and destroys bacteria and patho- genic organisms to a degree dependent on the process used. Primary treatment usually consists of sedimentation processes for the removal of grit and organic solids, and skimming or grease flotation for grease and scum removal. The effluent contains a considerable por- tion of the original organic load, which, being in solution or finely divided form, will not form sludge banks. Secondary treatment processes involve oxidation of sewage, after primary treatment, to produce a stable effluent. This may be a biological process whereby the primary effluent is brought into contact with bac- terial slimes and oxygen, the organic matter adhering to the slimes and being digested by the organisms in the presence of oxygen. Other types of secondary treatment rely on oxidation by means of dissolved oxygen provided by chlorophyll-bearing algae in open ponds, or by aeration. Sewage treatment has no significant effect on the dissolved mineral constituents in sewage which are of major concern in irrigation waters, since they pass through the process undiminished in concentration. Re- duction of the mineral constituents in an effluent is economically infea- sible by presently known methods. The only practicable methods which can be employed to decrease mineral concentrations are dilution with water of better quality, or elimination of the pollution at its source. 548 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA Data pertaining to the amount of sewage presently discharged into San Francisco Bay by cities and communities in the San Francisco Bay Area, as well as to the mineral quality of the sewage, are presented in this section. Sewage treatment and disposal facilities are also briefly described. Quantity of Sewage Based on data furnished by agencies operating sewerage works, it is estimated that average dry-weather sewage flow in the San Francisco Bay Area totaled some 210,000 acre-feet during the calendar year 1949. The Richmond-Sunset sewage plant of the City of San Francisco, in the west end of Golden Gate Park, receives sewage from the western residential area of the city and discharges it after primary treatment into San Francisco Bay in the vicinity of the Golden Gate. The North Point sewage plant, now under construction, will give primary treatment to sewage from the northeastern downtown and south-central residential districts of the city. A large industrial load will be tributary to this plant. This sewage is presently discharged into the Bay through five outfalls without treatment. The Southeast sewage plant, also under construction, will give primary treatment to sewage from the heavily industrialized southeastern district of San Francisco. Raw sewage from this district is now discharged to the Bay through 16 outfall lines. It is planned by the city that a portion of the sewage from the south-central district, largely domestic in nature and presently being discharged through the North Point sewerage system, will be diverted to the Southeast plant upon its completion. Data furnished by the City of San Francisco indicate that total dry- weather flow of sewage from the city was in the order of 80,000 acre-feet during the calendar year 1949. Dry- weather discharge from the Rich- mond-Sunset sewage plant was about 14,000 acre-feet during 1949, and corresponding discharges from areas to be served by the North Point and Southeast sewage plants were approximately 50,000 acre-feet and 16,000 acre-feet, respectively. Sources of sewage on the peninsula south of San Francisco include the cities and communities of South San Francisco, San Bruno, Mill- brae, Burlingame, San Mateo, San Carlos, Belmont, Redwood City, Atherton, Menlo Park, Palo Alto, Moffett Field, Mountain View, Sunny- vale, Santa Clara, and San Jose. The sewage is disposed of through numerous outfall lines to San Francisco Bay, or to tributary tidal waters. These cities and communities either presently treat their sewage before disposal, or are constructing or planning to construct treatment plants in the near future. In most cases only primary treatment is contemplated, although Moffett Field now provides secondary treatment, and a portion of the sewage from the City of Palo Alto receives secondary treatment. The City of San Jose is planning to provide both primary and secondary treatment for sewage from San Jose, Santa Clara, and certain surround- ing areas. Data furnished by South San Francisco and San Bruno indicate that dry-weather discharge of sewage from the two cities was about 2,200 acre-feet during the calendar year 1949. Similar data obtained from local governmental agencies indicate that such sewage flow from WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 549 all sources on the peninsula from Millbrae to Sunnyvale, inclusive, totaled about 15,800 acre-feet during the same period. Data from a report on the proposed City of San Jose sewage treatment works by Hyde and Sullivan, Consulting Engineers, dated June, 1950, indicate that average dry-weather discharge in the common outfall line serving Santa Clara, San Jose, and vicinity, is about 11,600 acre-feet per year. Disposal of sewage from East Bay sources is generally effected with- out treatment through some 60 separate outfall lines leading directly into San Francisco Bay. However, the central Contra Costa and Oro Loma sanitary districts and the City of San Leandro provide either pri- mary or complete treatment before disposal of their sewage. Compre- hensive sewerage works, comprising trunk sewers to collect and convey sewage from the Cities of Albany, Berkeley, Oakland, Alameda, Emery- ville, and Piedmont, to a common primary treatment plant, are under construction by the East Bay Municipal Utility District. The total dry-weather flow of sewage from East Bay sources receiv- ing at least primary treatment during 1949 is estimated to have been about 8,000 acre-feet. During the same year an estimated total of about 87,000 acre-feet of such sewage was discharged into the Bay from East Bay sources without treatment. Of the latter quantity, about 64,000 acre- feet was from Albany, Berkeley, Oakland, Alameda, Emeryville, and Piedmont, the cities for which treatment facilities are now being provided. The majority of cities and communities along the north side of San Francisco Bay provide at least primary treatment for their sewage before its discharge to the Bay. However, the quantities of sewage car- ried by the various outfalls are relatively small, and of only minor im- portance as regards possible reclamation and re-use. Quality of Sewage Sewage in amounts sufficient to be of particular significance in connection with possible reclamation and utilization in the San Fran- cisco Bay area is presently available from the cities of San Francisco and San Jose, the communities served by the East Bay Municipal Utility District. Complete mineral analyses of sewage sampled from these sources are set forth in ensuing tabulations. Analyses of water samples of the several cities and communities are likewise presented for comparative purposes. Two samples of sewage from the Richmond-Sunset Sewerage Dis- trict of the City of San Francisco were collected for analysis. One was obtained in September, 1949, at a small existing sewage reclamation plant located in Golden Gate Park. Sewage reclaimed at this plant is inter- cepted from the principal trunk sewer tributary to the Richmond-Sunset sewage plant. A 24-hour composite sample of effluent from the Richmond- Sunset plant was also obtained in November, 1950. Mineral constituents of these samples and of the San Francisco municipal water supply are given in the following tabulation. Two sets of samples of sewage from the North Point Sewerage Dis- trict of the City of San Francisco were collected for analysis. A composite sample was obtained at the outfall located at the terminus of Beach Street at San Francisco Bay, made up of samples collected every half hour from 8.30 a.m. to 4 p.m. on October 10 and 11, 1949. Further sam- ples of sewage were obtained in November, 1950, at Third and Howard 550 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Streets and at the Mariana pumping plant, and composited proportion- ately to approximate sewage flow in the respective sewer lines, in order to obtain a representative sample of the entire flow from the North Point District. Mineral analyses of these samples are given in the following tabulation. MINERAL ANALYSES OF SEWAGE FROM RICHMOND-SUNSET SEWARAGE DISTRICT AND OF SAN FRANCISCO WATER SUPPLY Mineral constituent Calcium Magnesium Sodium Bicarbonate Chloride Sulphate Nitrate Total solubles, in parts per million Boron, in parts per million.. Sodium, in percent of total base constitutents Golden Gate Park Reclamation Plant Sept. 26, 1949 Richmond- Sunset Sewage Plant Nov. 8, 1950 San Francisco Water Supply in milligram equivalents per liter 0.93 0.70 1.73 1.20 1.58 0.69 230 52 1.10 1.15 2.96 5.18 2.34 0.40 0.03 536 54 0.78 0.53 0.45 1.24 0.31 0.25 tr 131 0.1 26 MINERAL ANALYSES OF SEWAGE TRIBUTORY TO NORTH POINT SEWAGE PLANT Mineral constituent Beach Street Outfall Oct. 10 and 11, 1949 Composite Sample Nov. 9, 1950 in milligram equivalents per liter Calcium. _ 1.27 1.52 8.82 4.96 5.52 1.08 1.18 Magnesium _ _ . 1.33 Sodium . _ _ _ _ 5.66 Bicarbonate _ _________ ___ Chloride. .. _____ __ 4.45 3.21 Sulphate. _ . 0.73 Nitrate. _ _. _ _ 0.05 Total solubles, in parts per million. _ Boron, in parts per million 770 1.40 76 610 Sodium, in percent of total base constitutents 66 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 551 Nine sewage samples from the Southeast Sewerage District of the City of San Francisco were collected for mineral analysis. A composite was made from samples obtained in September, 1949, at Keith Street and Evans Avenue, Bayshore Boulevard and Sunnydale Avenue, and Palau Avenue near Griffith Street, composited according to proportionate flow in the two sewers. Individual samples of sewage were collected from seven principal outfall lines of the Southeast Sewerage District during December, 1950. Mineral analyses of the foregoing composites and indi- vidual samples are given in the following tabulation. Sewage from the San Jose sewerage system has been sampled periodically since June, 1949. Hyde and Sullivan, Consulting Engineers, obtained a continuous four-day composite sample from June 21 to 25, 1 949, from the outfall sewer conveying the entire disposal from the San Jose sewerage system; In the fall of the same year, representatives of the Division of Water Resources prepared a composite made from sam- ples collected every 10 minutes from 8.30 a.m. to 3 p.m. on September 27th, at the same sampling point used by Hyde and Sullivan. Three individual samples were also collected at other points on the San Jose outfall line in November, 1950. Mineral analyses of these samples, and of the San Jose water supply as furnished by the San Jose Water Works, are given in the following tabulation. 552 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Z < III to o >- 3 CO a o < III UL o (A ui U> >■ < z < ■J 3 in Z d N W h n r)i O) tP o 00 00 "t 00 CM CO O »0 CO !> +3 03 O ^ d CM .H GO i-H ■* CO CM CM lO i-H CO i—i 00 i-t «o ^H CM i— < t— 1 -»j CO +3 hirdS and .riposa »0 CO i-H CO O lO 00 OS CO 00 O OS CO O lO «tf o CM CO HTfrtOOHH H i -»j +i CO CO -el* >> 5 3 a O CO CM 00 i-t lO "* CO OS MOU3NOOO) "* CO CM O CO CO i-H hONONhh o CO uO 5 03 co w a o ft CO 0) +3 Q d 4) ©T5 .J osemit ve. an eith S o3 > O CO «* tP 00 i-H CD "* o 'B a a> s 03 iO i& Vf CD CM OS O HHCXfOM^CC 1— 1 t> ><<\4 SsjO o +j ^d > CO rd au A and ffith a O CO CM OS O OS i-H i-H co CO CM -i h h 00 o >o KJ o CO 03 £ PL, O co 5 S to d © U5 CO N H CXI 00 CO OS CM 00 tH 00 CO 00 CM lO TH lO i § s o3 o3 O tH CM O CO CM O "tf > H? W OCMH^COCX)^ H H O) O M ■* H t> O © i-h *0 i »0 CM +3 »o i i i i i i i CO <*-! 1 -t-3 o-£ . i i i i i i i f-l 1 Mineral Constituent i t i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i is : ; -' J .a i 3 d © o> - 1 M <-> .2 O -7-1 +J g 2 «»^2 <3 .2 ? 3 i» ^ !i J 03 i ft 1 a ', • IH CO O -^> ft<*- ^ aJ Q. O fl "^ CO CO 03 OD d C p. o z < z u > Q Z < z " < a (A ui I- o £ a Ik UI O % U O UI (A >- < Z < < 03 O 42 T3 +3 n 1* eS 43 -»^> +3 CD t-H O s- »-»• +J l*H CO m T3 O 03 m _cd PQpq 03 O S-, CD 42 a >■ o OS OS CN a CD CO OS OS CN i r— I CN 0) »-9 Eh a 73 fi *e3 > '3 O* CD 03 bfi 1 I 09 g o 0) CO *C »-< CO tF 00 NhhcCOO OS 00 CO h- CN 00 Tj< 00 iH OS OS O CO CN fH iH CM* CN OS t^ CO 00 CO t^ CO "tf OS O O CO IMN00 1OHH OS 00 •"* * (N N OS 00 -tf O O CO CO CN CO CN iO CO O OS 00 OS CN CO rt< irl CN CO CO cN I> OS tJ* O O00 H N H H 00 »0 CN 00 O CN CO CN CN ■* CN 00 CO CN CN O CN o o os o o CO o OS »o o IO CO o CO CO 00 5 e3 T5 o 0) a> ^ 4h ©■ft a 45 OScoPQ Oco CO ft 03 f-. e3 ft CO 4h *o m 0} O H • o o o cu 03 42 la -•J o o o Fh CD ft .3 +» . C S3 .2- "§ « o oo CD 554 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA Samples of sewage were obtained from outfalls of principal trunk sewers serving Berkeley, Oakland, and Emeryville, during October, 1949. These were composited in proportion to flow in the respective sewers, and the composite is considered representative of sewage to be treated at the new plant of Special District No. 1 of the East Bay Municipal Utility Dis- trict. Results of mineral analysis of this composite, together with that of the water supply of the East Bay Municipal Utility District served in the area, are presented in the following tabulation. MINERAL ANALYSES OF SEWAGE FROM SPECIAL DISTRICT NO. 1 OF EAST BAY MUNICIPAL UTILITY DISTRICT, AND THE UTILITLY DISTRICT WATER SUPPLY Mineral constituent Sewage Oct. 19, 1949 Water Supply in milligram equivalents per liter Calcium ____ 0.84 0.58 3.94 3.24 1.30 0.82 0.38 Magnesium. __ ____ _ __ 0.09 Sodium _ _ _ _ _ _ 0.12 Bicarbonate. 0.48 Chloride _ . 0.08 Sulphate. _ 0.03 iubles, in parts per million _ Total so 299 73 30 Sodium, in percent of total base constituents 20 Summary Sewage from cities and communities in the San Francisco Bay Area which might be available for reclamation and reuse for beneficial pur- poses would be the flow occurring at existing or proposed disposal works where the diversions for reclamation would probably be made. A sum- mary of quantity and mineral quality of such sewage, all of which is or will be given at least primary treatment by local public agencies, is given in the following tabulation. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 555 < (A O a. in Ul O < < >■ < Ui GO - U r- Z -i < < tt 3 u. a Z a z < V) < ib >• h- h- z z < 1- 3 a a O a. u. Z ■■ >- «A < 2 S (A < a. 3 a OJ +^> 03 o a O Oi OJ T-t o3 b)T >-i > OJ O ^ "O 0> 03 rt -s ^ 3 0) I* 03 I W b T3 S o3 03 c fa 03 3 o .S t-. t3 0) o P-i 03 C3 C5 o -o »o o oo C3 * Ci * C5 OOOO-^O^O-^OQ loioioiooiiooiinoioio OlCJiOiOl' - l 05 rH 05 rH 010i I— I i— It— I i— I .1—1 _ I— I _ i— I i-H ........ CO .CO -CD .. 0)00005MO)INO) «r2 0:5 OOOOg'OS'OS'OO 55 55 55 55 cq £ to 55 to £ 55 Oi tX OS Oi '- 1 O lO i ^"£ . 0> *=> 8 O^ rH OJ W«3 tJI Oi rH C3 i-H °°,hc w CM t» £i CM CM (^ -^ oj a vh at ^ CO 02 3 i-H Ol I" So OH/NHOmOtD>OONN^H(0(0Hi0Ci30)00lNHINN l>>Ol^t^COt^t^COt^COt^00^'<*COCOt^t^t^COTl i^ (-1 . O ^J 3 a D 1 <]} o3 o> O 03 >) 33 3 e§ ^ £ ^ M C3 rt} 3 m a 3 3 a s O O Oc000i0i0OOC0O(NOOO-*OOOOO3C0OOOOO NM^NOOMWWW^OOONHiOOONffiHHNOOM NiONKHOC0^^M«0NiOM(OH(N00O)(NN©> 3 Jh 03 OJ .2 .5 02 CJO CJ 03 3 QQ -r> C 03 03 03 iXJ ^ ^^ rO -e -e 31 a a fl 3 rS Ol > * I S 3 o 03 a oj OJ 03 -g 03 M * U 3 ti rl r5 rt t« M S W OQ o .2 Ph OJ 3 > CO 03 -cj ■sS a 8 03 O 4) ,, 3 Mr« CD d) H H !fi o 03US -§-« 8 M ° O r ^ a 3 03 S 03 c3 ^ ^ o> 0> £ o a S3 r^S 3 03 o> bB 03 r« OJ CQ Q 3 3 01 03 03 03 -tf CQ '3 OJ M 03 OJ * Co o> r»» _r S3 C O O 8 *th 3 o3 >__ i- wj rt 02 CQ P O CQ a c« O OJ O 3 >> 03 CQ W SI r^ O .s a o ,0 OJ o O -—I cqPh- -r= .•a .SQ "s b >>'S £3 oj ^CQ 3 © o3 ^ CQ o3 oj Ph M - 03 8 HJ 03 CQ CQ OS •a X3 3 .a 03 ■a o 3 556 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA SOUTH COASTAL AREA Data pertaining to the amount of sewage presently discharged to the ocean by cities and communities in the South Coastal Area, as well as to the mineral quality of the sewage, are presented in this section. Quantity of Sewage Based on data furnished by agencies operating sewerage works, it is estimated that average dry-weather sewage flow to the ocean in the South Coastal Area totaled some 400,000 acre-feet during the calendar year 1949. Source of the largest single supply of sewage in the South Coastal Area is the City of Los Angeles. The city has estimated that during 1948 about 213,000 acre-feet of sewage was discharged into the ocean from its Hyperion outfall, and that because of increasing population and in- dustrial activity the average annual dry-weither flow at this outfall will increase to 274,000 acre-feet by 1970. The second largest supply of sewage discharged to the ocean in the South Coastal Area comes from the joint outfall of the Los Angeles County Sanitation Districts at White's Point, estimated to have been 106,000 acre-feet in 1949. County officials estimate that average annual dry- weather discharge from this outfall will increase to 140,000 acre-feet by 1970. Substantial amounts of sewage are discharged to the ocean from outfalls of Orange County, Terminal Island, and the City of San Diego. Dry-weather sewage flow in the Orange County joint outfall during 1949 is estimated to have been of the order of 28,000 acre-feet. Measured dry- weather sewage flows from San Diego and Terminal Island during the same period were 26,100 and 6,400 acre-feet, respectively. Average dry-weather flows of sewage presently discharged into the ocean from the South Coastal Area, all of which now receives or will receive at least primary treatment, are summarized in the following tabulation. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED AVERAGE DRY-WEATHER FLOW OF SEWAGE FROM PRIN- CIPAL RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL DISTRICTS IN THE SOUTH COASTAL AREA Calendar Year 1949 Source In In million gallons acre-feet per day per year 190 213,000 95 106,000 5.7 6,400 25 28,000 23.3 26,100 City of Los Angeles, Hyperion outfall County of Los Angeles, Joint Outfall _ Terminal Island Orange County, Joint Outfall City of San Diego Quality of Sewage Mineral quality of sewage at the Hyperion outfall of the City of Los Angeles is indicated by the analysis set forth in the following tabula- tion. An analysis representative of the Owens Valley water supply of the WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 557 city is likewise given for comparative purposes. Both analyses were fur- nished by the City of Los Angeles. MINERAL ANALYSES OF EFFLUENT FROM OWENS VALLEY WATER SERVED HYPERION SCREENING PLANT, AND OF BY THE CITY OF LOS ANGELES Mineral constituent Sewage Water supply in milligram equivalents per liter Calcium 3.05 2.38 9.82 6.00 6.75 2.50 1.40 Magnesium _ _ 0.57 Sodium 1.96 Bicarbonate _ 3.00 Chloride _ _ _ 0.59 Sulphate 0.54 Total solubles, in parts per million _ . 1,039 64 234 Boron, in parts per million 0.7 Sodium, in percent of total base constituents 47 In a report for the West Basin Water Association by Harold Con- kling, consulting engineer, dated July 15, 1946, and entitled "An Im- ported Water Supply for West Basin, Los Angeles County," it is indi- cated that quality of sewage in the sewerage system above Baldwin Hills would be satisfactory for reclamation and reuse for certain beneficial purposes. Included in the Conkling report are analyses indicating that sewage above Baldwin Hills has total solubles of about 640 parts per 1,000,000 and percent sodium of 54. These reported values are substan- tially lower than those found in sewage at the Hyperion sewage plant, and indicate that by-passing of brines from Baldwin Hill oil fields and diversion of other industrial wastes of high mineral content might result in marked improvement in mineral quality of sewage at or near the Hyperion outfall. In February, 1951, a report was submitted to the Board of Public Works of the City of Los Angeles, by Lloyd Aldrich, city engineer, on reclamation and use of effluent from the new Hyperion sewage treatment plant, for recharge of ground water in San Fernando Valley and along the coast. The report states that "in some cases legis- lation relating to the character of certain industrial wastes may be re- quired when such a program is undertaken. ' ' A report for the County of Los Angeles, made in April, 1949, by C. E. Arnold, H. E. Hedger, and A. M. Rawn, entitled "Report Upon the Reclamation of Water From Sewage and Industrial Wastes in Los Angeles County," cites conditions giving rise to heavy mineralization of sewage from various portions of Los Angeles County. The report con- tains analyses that indicate the probable mineral quality of sewage sub- ject to possible reclamation from various trunk sewers. Sewage flows in the trunk sewer of Los Angeles County Sanitation District No. 2, and in the lower portion of the trunk sewer of Los Angeles County Sanitation District No. 5, as given in that report, have concentrations of mineral solubles near or in excess of acceptable limits for irrigation use. It is 558 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA stated in the report that excessive mineralization is "due to the heavy discharge of wastes from the Vernon industrial area in District No. 2 and the Torrance industrial area in District No. 5." Analyses of sewage samples taken above and below the main industrial waste discharge in District No. 5 show total mineral solubles of 850 and 1,600 parts per 1,000,000, respectively. Results of these analyses are given in the follow- ing tabulation : MINERAL ANALYSES OF SEWAGE FROM LOS ANGELES COUNTY SANITATION DISTRICT NO. 5 TRUNK SEWER Mineral constituents Calcium Magnesium Sodium Bicarbonate Chloride Sulphate Total solubles, in parts per million Boron, in parts per million Sodium, in percent of total base constituents _ _ Above the City of Torrance Below the City of Torrance Increase in Solubles in milligram equivalents per liter 2.35 1.64 6.52 5.74 3.38 1.77 850 0.5 60.0 3.40 3.85 14.78 3.11 18.30 6.66 1,600 1.4 67.0 1.05 2.21 8.26 —2.63 14.92 4.89 750 0.9 7.0 Analyses of sewage sampled from the Orange County Joint Outfall Sewer show total solubles of 2,130 parts per million, percent sodium of about 81.5, and boron content varying from 1.88 to 5.74 parts per million. These analyses are from a report to the County of Orange by A. M. Rawn, C. G. Hyde, and F. Thomas, dated July, 1947, entitled "Report Upon the Collection, Treatment, and Disposal of Sewage and Industrial Wastes of Orange County, California." This report indicates that excessive min- eralization of Orange County sewage is due to entrance of oil field brines and wastes from citrus processing and packing plants. Analysis of Orange County sewage from which waste brines have been subtracted, as set forth in the cited report, shows that such sewage would have total solubles of 714 parts per million and percent sodium of 39.2. The mineral quality of water that might be reclaimed from sewage of the City of San Diego has not been determined. It is known that chlorides are high because of the addition of sewage from North Island, where sea water is used for sanitary purposes. APPENDIX B ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA TABLE OF CONTENTS Table Page 1. Alphabetical List of Precipitation Stations in California With Records of 10 Years or Longer 561 2. Alphabetical List of Precipitation Stations in California With Records of Less Than 10 Years 580 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 561 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Abbotts Acton (Charities Camp) Acton (Hubbard Ranch) Acton (near Mellon) Aetna Springs Aggen Ranch Aguanga Alabama Hills Alameda Creek No. 109 Alhambra Alhambra (City Hall) Aliso (Irvine Ranch) Alpine Alpine Dam Alta Canada Altadena (Allen) Altadena (Barton) Altadena (Chiesa) Altadena (Curtis) Alta Loma (Cherbak) Alta Loma (Smith) Alta Loma (Valley View Ranch) Alta Loma Heights (Citrus Association) Alturas Alvarado (near) Amago Amos Anaheim Anaheim (H. A. Dickel) Anaheim (Jos. Carroll) Anaheim Association Laboratories, Inc.. Anaheim Union Water Co Anaheim Water Dept Angels Camp No. 2 Angiola Antelope Valley Antioch Aptos Arcadia Forbrich (West) Arcadia Pumping Plant Arlington (San Jacinto Land Co.) Arrowhead Springs Arroyo Grande Canyon Arroyo Seco (Patrol Station) Arroyo Seco (Ranger Station) Artesia (Barr Lumber Co.) Arvin Ash Meadows Ash Mountain Associated Oil Co. No. C Associated Oil Co. MMT Associated Oil Co. No. 1 Associated Oil Co. No. 2 Associated Oil Co. No. 3 Associated Oil Co. No. 4 Associated Oil Co. No. 5 Associated Oil Co. No. 6 Associated Oil Co. No. 7A Athlone t Auberry Auburn Avalon Ayars Ranch Azusa (Chamber of Commerce) Monterey Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Napa Ventura Riverside Inyo Santa Clara Los Angeles Los Angeles Orange San Diego Marin Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino . San Bernardino. Modoc Alameda San Diego Imperial Orange Orange : Orange Orange Orange Orange Calaveras Tulare Kern Contra Costa Santa Cruz Los Angeles Los Angeles Riverside San Bernardino . San Luis Obispo Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Kern San Bernardino. Tulare Fresno Monterey Fresno Fresno Fresno San Benito San Benito Monterey Monterey Merced Fresno Placer Los Angeles San Luis Obispo. Loa Angeles 3-37 4-48 4-13 4-12 5-125 4-60 4-515 6-25 2-81 4-242 4-243 4-469 4-560 2-20 4-107 4-128 4-126 4-120 4-121 4-330 4-328 4-172 4-329 5-1 2-57 4-530 7-13 4-398 4-402 4-395 4-399 4-403 4-404 5-174 5-270 5-272 5-166 3-16 4-253 4-143 4-420 4-184 3-66 4-112 4-116 4-387 3-292 6-64 5-248 5-250 3-26 5-263 5-262 5-261 3-40 3-35 3-34 3-29 5-212 5-220 5-109 4-509 3-55 4-269 562 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Azusa (Foothill Ranch) Azusa (Griffith) Azusa (Hibsh) Backus Ranch Bagdad Bakersfield Balch Power House Baldwin Park Experiment Station. Baldwin Park No. 1 (Leach) Banning No. 3 Bard Bardsdale Barrett Dam Barstow Bassett Bear Gulch Reservoir Bear Valley Beaumont Beaumont (near) Bel Aire (Administration Building) Bel Aire Bay Club Bell (Chamber of Commerce) Bell Canyon Bell Canyon Johnson (Woodruff). Bellflower First National Bank Bellota Ben Lomond Bennett Ranch Benson Ferry Berkeley Bernardo Bridge Betteravia Beverly Hills (City Hall) Bieber Big Bear Lake (Preston) ,. Big Bear Lake (Rideout) Big Bear Lake Dam Big Bend Big Creek Power House No. 1 Big Creek No. 2 Big Dalton Dam Biggs Big Pines County Park Big Pines Power Plant No. 3 Big Santa Anita Dam Big Sur , Big Tujunga (Edison Station) Big Tujunga Dam No. 1 Bishop Bishop Creek Black Mountain Blue Canyon Blum Ranch Blythe Boca Bodie Bonita Boquet Canyon Borden Borgstroms Ranch Boulder Creek Bowman Dam Brand Estate (Glendale) Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Kern San Bernardino Kern Fresno Los Angeles Los Angeles Riverside Imperial Ventura San Diego San Bernardino Los Angeles San Mateo Kern Riverside Riverside Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Orange Los Angeles Los Angeles San Joaquin Santa Cruz San Bernardino San Joaquin Alameda San Diego Santa Barbara. Los Angeles Lassen San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Shasta Fresno Santa Cruz Los Angeles Butte Los Angeles Inyo Los Angeles Monterey Los Angeles Los Angeles Inyo Inyo Santa Clara Placer Los Angeles Riverside Nevada Mono San Diego Los Angeles Madera Ventura Santa Cruz Nevada Los Angeles Number on Plate 3 4-270 4-272 4-271 6-40 7-2 5-287 5-229 4-262 4-263 7-19 7-18 4-31 4-581 6-41 4-258 2-68 5-294 4-435 4-436 4-210 4-202 4-378 4-508 4-69 4-382 5-171 3-5 4-177 5-149 2-29 4-544 3-69 4-214 5-8 4-189 4-188 4-187 5-6 5-217 3-2 4-163 5-69 6-54 6-22 4-146 3-36 4-114 4-110 6-18 6-17 2-83 5-89 4-49 7-11 6-7 6-12 4-585 4-10 5-226 4-53 3-3 5-78 4-98 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 563 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Brand Park Branscomb Brawley Brea Canyon (South Fork) Bridgeport Briggs Terrace Brighton Brookdale (Booth) Brooks Broome Ranch Brydon's Ranch Bucks Storage Dam Buena Park Burbank (City Hall) Burton Ranch Button Ranch Buttonwillow (Union Oil Co.) Calabasas (Farmer) Calaveras Calaveras Big Trees Calexico Caliente California Institute of Technology Calistoga Calistoga (Southern Pacific Co.) Calivalli Farms Camp Baldy Campbell Campo Camp Pardee Camp Rincon Camp Silverado Camptonville Camulos Ranch Headquarters Canada Larga Canyon Dam Capay (Taber) Carbon Canyon Caribou Carlsbad Casitas Ranch Cedarville : Centerville Powerhouse Chapman Wells Chappells Ranch Charter Oak Chatsworth Chats worth Reservoir Chester Chi co China Flat Chino Chino (American Sugar) Chino (Delphey No. 1 and No. 2) Chino (Southern California Edison Co.) Chocolate Creek Cholame Chollas Heights Chowchilla Chualar Chula Vista Churn Creek Chute Camp (Head Dam) Los Angeles Mendocino Imperial Orange Mono Los Angeles Sacramento Santa Cruz Yolo Ventura Los Angeles Plumas Orange Los Angeles San Bernardino. San Benito Kern Los Angeles Alameda Calaveras Imperial Kern Los Angeles Napa Napa Los Angeles San Bernardino. Santa Clara San Diego Calaveras Los Angeles Orange Yuba Ventura Ventura Plumas Yolo San Bernardino. Plumas San Diego Ventura Modoc Butte Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Plumas Butte Humboldt San Bernardino . San Bernardino . San Bernardino. San Bernareino. San Diego San Luis Obispo San Diego Madera Monterey San Diego Shasta Yuba 4-100 1-27 7-15 4-297 6-11 4-105 5-132 3-4 5-114 4-192 4-299 5-37 4-394 4-95 6-58 3-20 5-284 4-70 2-79 5-161 7-17 5-293 4-239 2-2 2-3 6-49 4-171 2-90 4-592 5-154 4-157 4-484 5-76 4-39 4-22 5-21 5-115 4-417 5-28 4-518 4-16 6-3 5-47 4-251 4-91 4-286 4-72 4-71 5-20 5-46 1-16 4-314 4-313 4-318 4-319 4-558 3-53 4-572 5-219 3-30 4-584 5-12 5-75 564 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Cisco Claremont Claremont (Bernard) Claremont (Fire Station) Claremont (Indian Hill) Clark Estate Clarksburg Clear Creek Clear Lake Cliff Camp Cloverdale Clovis (near) Coalinga (USWB) Coalinga (Standard Oil Co.) Colby Ranch No. 1 Cold Brook Camp Colfax Colgate Col ton (Police Department) Colton No. 1 Colton No. 2 Colusa Compton (American Sugar) Compton (Day) Conejo Ranch Corcoran Corning Observer Corona Corona American Fruit Growers Association. Corona Foothill Lemon Co. No. 1 Corona Foothill Lemon Co. No. 2 Corona Foothill Lemon Co. No. 3 Corona No. 1 (Jamison Co.) Corona No. 2 (Temescal Water Co.) Coronado No. 2 (Costa Mesa) Newport Mesa Cottonwood Creek Cottonwood Gates County Farm Covelo Ranger Station Covina (Mathews) Covina (Temple) Covina (Thorpe) Covina No. 1 Cowane Ranch Cow Creek '. Craf ton Heights Craf tonville Crag's Country Club Crane Valley Dam Creekside Crescent City (near) Crescent City Lighthouse Creston Crockers Crockett Crows Landing Crystal Lake Park (East) Crystal Lake Park (West) Crystal Springs Cottage Cucamonga (Thomas) Cucamonga Mission Winery Culps Culver City County Placer Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Yolo Los Angeles Lake Fresno Sonoma Fresno Fresno Fresno Los Angeles Los Angeles Placer Yuba San Bernardino. San Bernardino . San Bernardino. Colusa Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura Kings Tehama Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside Riverside San Diego Orange Inyo Inyo Los Angeles Mendocino Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Inyo San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Los Angeles Madera Santa Clara Del Norte Del Norte San Luis Obispo. Tuolumne Contra Costa Stanislaus Los Angeles Los Angeles San Mateo San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Monterey Los Angeles Number on Plate 3 5-91 4-301 4-309 4-311 4-310 4-220 5-140 4-115 5-103 5-222 1-32 5-228 5-264 5-251 4-123 4-162 5-99 5-73 4-343 4-342 4-344 5-82 4-377 4-376 4-65 5-265 5-31 4-423 4-429 4-424 4-425 4-422 4-428 4-426 4-570 4-499 6-28 6-29 4-380 1-26 4-275 4-281 4-276 4-280 4-89 6-27 4-358 4-356 4-196 5-214 3-10 1-1 1-5 3-59 5-192 2-18 5-206 4-51 4-158 2-56 4-333 4-331 3-82 4-215 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 565 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Cummings Cummings Valley Curson (East side) Cushing Ranch Cuyamaca Cuyamaca Dam No. 1 Dalton No. 1 Damrons Davis Deadmans Hole Deokers Ranch Deep Creek Deer Creek Delano Del Mar Ranch Del Monte Delta Deluz Canyon Denair Dennison's DeSabla Descanso Ranger Station Devils Canyon No. 2 Devils Canyon Gate Devore Diamond Bar Ranch No. 1 Diamond Bar Ranch No. 2 Diamond Bar Ranch No. 3 Dinkey Meadow Dinuba Diverting Dam Dixon Grangers Dobbins Dominguez Hill Downey (Fire Station) Downieville Doyle Drum Forebay Dry Canyon Reservoir Dry Town Duarte (Monrovia City) : Dudley Dudleys Dulzura Dulzura (Summit) Dunnigan Dunsmuir Durham Dyer (Holly Sugar Corporation) Earl Ranch No. 2 Early Intake East Highlands (Gold Buckle Association) East Highlands (Orange Co.) East Park East Whittier Edgewood Edison (near) Edmanton El Cajon El Cajon No. 1 El Cajon Valley _ El Capitan Dam Mendocino Kern Los Angeles Santa Clara San Diego San Diego Los Angeles San Diego Yolo San Diego Riverside San Bernardino Nevada Kern Ventura Monterey Shasta San Diego Stanislaus Ventura Butte San Diego San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Fresno Tulare San Diego Solano Yuba Los Angeles Los Angeles Sierra Lassen Placer Los Angeles Amador Los Angeles Kings Mariposa San Diego San Diego Yolo Siskiyou Butte Orange Riverside Tuolumne San Bernardino San Bernardino Colusa Los Angeles Siskiyou Kern Plumas San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego 1-25 5-299 4-216 3-11 4-564 4-565 4-155 4-535 5-130 4-516 4-496 6-65 5-86 5-274 4-54 3-25 5-10 4-511 5-196 4-23 5-34 4-563 4-181 4-182 4-179 4-412 4-289 4-414 5-221 5-241 4-561 5-139 5-74 4-374 4-381 5-64 6-5 5-88 4-42 5-142 4-260 5-269 5-191 4-588 4-589 5-105 5-3 5-60 4-467 4-488 5-184 4-353 4-354 5-68 4-391 1-12 5-289 5-38 4-577 4-578 4-579 4-559 566 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station County Number on Plate 3 El Centro Electra Ellery Lake Elliot. _._ El Mirador Ranch El Modena El Monte (Chamber of Commerce) El Segundo (Standard Oil) Elsinore Elsinore (Sherman) El Torro El Verano Emigrant Gap Encino (Adohr Dairy) Encino Reservoir Epworth "E" Reservoir (Vista Irrigation District). Ernst Ranch Escondido (Ditch head) Escondido (Ditch head No. 3) Escondido No. 1 Escondido No. 2 Escondido No. 3 Esparto Etiwanda No. 2 Eureka Fairmont (near) Fallbrook No. 1 Fallbrook No. 2 Fall River Mill Farmington Feather River Feather River (California Forestry) Felton Ferndale Fillmore Fillmore Citrus Association Firebaugh Fish Canyon Flint Ridge (Fire Station) Florin i Folsom Fontana Fontana (Powerhouse) Fontana Farms Co Forbestown Ford-Craig Ranch Fordyce Dam Forest Home (Southern California Edison) Forks of Mojave Fort Bidwell Fort Bragg Fort Gaston Fort Ross Franklin (Mulholland) Fresno Friant Fricot City Fruto Fullerton Fullerton (Desgrange) Fullerton (Jack Zimm Laboratory) Fullerton (Knowlton) Imperial Amador Mono San Joaquin Los Angeles Orange Los Angeles Los Angeles Riverside Riverside Orange Sonoma Placer Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura San Diego San Luis Obispo. San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego San Diego Yolo San Bernardino. Humboldt Los Angeles San Diego San Diego Shasta San Joaquin Plumas Plumas Santa Cruz Ventura Ventura Ventura Fresno Los Angeles Los Angeles Sacramento Sacramento San Bernardino. San Bernardino.. San Bernardino.. Butte Los Angeles Nevada San Bernardino.. San Bernardino.. Modoc Mendocino Humboldt Sonoma Los Angeles Fresno Fresno Calaveras Glenn Orange Orange Orange Orange 7-16 5-145 6-14 5-151 4-113 4-472 4-255 4-365 4-492 4-490 4-505 2-8 5-90 4-76 4-203 4-63 4-521 3-58 4-529 4-528 4-541 4-543 4-542 5-116 4-334 1-18 6-43 4-512 4-513 5-7 5-177 5-39 5-40 3-6 4-25 4-34 4-33 5-223 4-154 4-109 5-133 5-134 4-336 4-339 4-337 5-63 4-86 5-80 4-363 6-57 6-1 1-28 1-15 1-33 4-338 5-233 5-227 5-159 5-56 4-405 4-407 4-397 4-406 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 567 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Gait Galinda Siding G & L Pumping Station Garden Grove (Allen Brothers) Garden Grove Lumber Co Garrapato Creek Gate House Gaviota Gem Lake Georgetown Giant Forest Gibralter Dam Gillette Ranch Gilroy Gilroy (Wentz) Girard Girard-Brant Rancho Glendale Glendale (Bartlett) Glendale (Jones) Glendora ( Azusa Plant) Glendora (C C. Warren) Glendora (Englewilde Ranch) Glendora (H. C. Warren) Glendora Irrigation Co Glendora (West) Glendora No. 1 Glenn Ivy (Temescal Water Co.) Glennville (near) Glen Ranch Gold Run Gonzales Goshen Granada Pumping Plant Grantville Grass Valley Grass Valley Graton Greenland Ranch (Furnace Creek) Green Valley (City of Vallejo) Greenville Grenado Gridley Griffith Park (North Slope) Griffith Park (Nursery) Griffith Park (South Slope-Mt. Holly). Griffith Park (Tunnel) Griffith Park (Zoo) Grossmont Grove Island Guasti Guinda Haines Canyon (Lower) . Haines Canyon (Upper) . Haines Rock Crusher Haiwee Half Moon Bay _ Hallberg ,__^._ Hamilton City Hancock Park Hanf ord Happy Camp Harper Ranch County Sacramento Contra Costa Orange Orange Orange Los Angeles San Bernardino. Santa Barbara.. Mono El Dorado Tulare Santa Barbara.. San Diego Santa Clara Santa Clara Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Riverside Kern San Bernardino . Placer Monterey Tulare Los Angeles San Diego Nevada San Bernardino. Sonoma Inyo Solano Plumas Siskiyou Butte Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Diego Tuolumne San Bernardino. Yolo Los Angeles. Los Angeles. Los Angeles. Inyo San Mateo.. Sonoma Glenn Los Angeles. Kings Siskiyou San Diego. _ Number on Plate 3 5-150 2-34 4-410 4-460 4-461 4-200 6-63 3-79 6-15 5-110 5-243 3-78 4-582 3-14 3-13 4-73 4-74 4-231 4-227 4-102 4-267 4-287 4-283 4-274 4-278 4-279 4-277 4-489 5-276 4-175 5-85 3-31 5-245 4-77 4-571 5-83 6-59 1-36 6-31 2-12 5-29 1-11 5-70 4-222 4-225 4-240 4-223 4-226 4-576 5-183 4-332 5-104 4-99 4-101 4-96 6-32 2-61 1-34 5-44 4-217 5-254 1-6 4-566 568 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station County Number on Plate 3 Hatch Ranch Hat Creek Hay field Reservoir Hayfork Hay ward Union High School Headworks (Pumping Plant) Healdsburg Helen Mine Helm Henleys Henninger Flats (Forest Service) Henshaw Dam Hesperia Hetch Hetchy Hickman Highland (Ewig) Highland (Frazer) Highland Park Highway Maintenance Hillside Reservoir Hills Orchard Hobergs Hodges Dam Hoegees Camp Holcomb Creek Holdridge Ranch Hollister Hollywood (City Engineer Branch Office). Hollywood Dam Hornbrook Hornitos Hot Springs Howell Reservoir Hullville Huntington Beach (City Hall) Huntington Beach (Holly Sugar) Huntington Beach (Union Oil) Huntington Lake Huntington Library (San Marino) Huntington Park Hurley Flat Idria Idyll wild Imperial Independence Indio Inglewood High School Inskip Intake lone Iowa Hill Iron Mountain Irvine (at Irvine) Irvine Co. (Shady Camp) Irvine County Park Irvine Home Ranch Irvine Ranch (Harkle Road) Irvine Ranch (Hog Ranch) _. Irvine Ranch (Johnson) Irvine Ranch (Lambert) Irvine Ranch (Morro) Irvine No. 1 -_. Isabella San Luis Obispo. Shasta Riverside Trinity Alameda Los Angeles Sonoma Lake Fresno Ventura Los Angeles San Diego San Bernardino. Tuolumne Stanislaus San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Los Angeles San Mateo Inyo Tulare Lake San Diego Los Angeles San Bernardino.. San Diego San Benito Los Angeles Los Angeles Siskiyou Mariposa Tulare Santa Clara Lake Orange Orange Orange Fresno Los Angeles Los Angeles Riverside San Benito Riverside Imperial Inyo Riverside Los Angeles Butte Butte Amador Placer San Bernardino. Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Kern 3-54 5-15 7-9 1-21 2-48 4-221 1-35 5-112 5-237 4-32 4-129 4-532 6-62 5-186 5-198 4-350 4-348 4-234 2-63 6-21 5-267 5-102 4-540 4-141 6-66 4-533 3-19 4-219 4-218 1-2 5-203 5-282 2-86 5-66 4-458 4-456 4-457 5-216 4-245 4-375 7-6 5-244 4-497 7-14 6-24 7-8 4-367 5-27 5-51 5-141 5-100 7-5 4-480 4-502 4-481 4-476 4-475 4-463 4-504 4-483 4-501 4-470 5-283 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 569 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Jackling Jackson (near) Jackson Lake (Big Pines) Jacksonville Jacobs (Irvine Co.) Jamestown Jenny Lind Jensen Ranch Jess Valley Jolon Julian Junction (Union Oil Co.) Katella Substation Keeler Keene Kelley 's Camp Kelseyville Kennedy Mine Kennett Kentfield Kernville Kern Canyon Kiener Ranch Kilarc Forebay King City King City (Southern Pacific Milling Co.) Kingsburg Kingston Kingston Reservoir Kinneloa Knights Landing Kono Tayee Krotona La Canada (Brigham) La Cienega La Crescenta (Ranger Station) Lafayette La Grange Laguna Beach Laguna Bell Lagunitas Lake La Habra Citrus Association La Jolla Lake Arrowhead Lake Chabot Lake City Lake Curry Lake Eleanor Lake Hemet Lake Herman Lake Merced Lakeport Lake Ranch Reservoir i Lake Sabrina Lakeside Ranch " Lake Spaulding Lake Wilenor Lamanda Park Lake Mesa La Mirada (Standard Oil Co.) Lancaster High School Lancha Plana (Camp Pardee) San Mateo Amador Los Angeles Tuolumne Orange Tuolumne Calaveras Alameda Modoc Monterey San Diego Kern Orange Inyo Kern San Bernardino Lake Amador Shasta Marin Kern Kern Los Angeles Shasta Monterey Monterey Fresno San Bernardino Ventura Los Angeles Yolo Lake Ventura Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Contra Costa _ . Stanislaus Orange Los Angeles Marin Orange San Diego San Bernardino Alameda Modoc Napa Tuolumne Riverside Solano San Francisco.. Lake Santa Clara Inyo Kern Nevada Butte Los Angeles San Diego Los Angeles Los Angeles Calaveras Number on Plate 3 2-65 5-144 6-53 5-182 4-478 5-180 5-172 2-49 5-5 3-47 4-551 5-278 4-462 6-30 5-295 4-173 5-101 5-143 5-13 2-25 5-277 5-249 4-87 5-14 3-38 3-39 5-239 6-35 4-19 4-130 5-118 5-95 4-20 4-108 4-159 4-106 2-33 5-200 4-503 4-379 2-21 4-396 4-552 6-61 2-47 6-2 2-6 5-185 4-498 2-19 2-39 5-94 2-84 6-19 5-291 5-79 5-49 4-246 4-574 4-392 6-45 5-155 570 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Lankershim Power Plant La Porte Las Plumas Lathrop Laurel Lauterbachs Ranch La Verne (Leader) La Verne (Sheldon) La Vida Springs Leavens and Goodenough Ranch Lechusa Patrol Station Leeffingwell Rancho Le Grande Lemoncove Lemoore (City Clerk) Letora Ranch Lick Observatory Limestone Irvine Co Limoneira Ranch Lindsay Linn Ranch Little Lake Little Rock Creek Little Tujunga Live Oak Canyon (Elder) Livermore Livingston Llano Llano Seco Rancho Lockeford Lodi Lodi No. 2 Lompoc (Southern Pacific Milling Co.) Lone Pine Long Beach Long Beach (Alamitos Land Co.) Long Beach (City Hall Long Beach (Southern Pacific Co.) Long Beach (First and Prospect Long Beach ( 10th and Roswell) Long Beach (16th and Chestnut) Long Valley Reservoir (Crooked Creek) Loomis Ranch (Alder Creek) Lordsburg Los Alamitos Los Alamos Los Angeles Los Angeles (Ducommun) Los Angeles (Junior College) Los Angeles (Southern California Edison No. 3) Los Angeles Water Department Los Angeles Aqueduct Los Banos Los Burros Los Coaches Los Gatos Los Gatos Reservoir Los Gatos (Summit) Los Medanos Los Molinos Los Padres Rancho Lost Hills Lowe Observatory Lower Crystal Spring Los Angeles Plumas Butte San Joaquin Santa Cruz San Diego Los Angeles Los Angeles Orange Ventura Los Angeles Los Angeles Merced Tulare Kings Calaveras Santa Clara Orange Ventura Tulare San Luis Obispo Inyo Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Alameda Merced Los Angeles Butte San Joaquin San Joaquin San Joaquin Santa Barbara . . Inyo Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Mono Los Angeles Los Angeles Orange Santa Barbara.. Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Inyo Merced Monterey San Diego Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara Contra Costa Tehama San Diego Kern Los Angeles San Mateo 4-90 5-53 5-50 5-188 3-7 4-590 4-302 4-304 4-416 4-36 4-193 4-393 5-213 5-246 5-253 5-160 2-80 4-482 4-58 5-258 3-49 6-33 6-48 4-94 4-308 2-50 5-208 6-50 5-59 5-152 5-169 5-170 3-75 6-26 4-446 4-444 4-445 4^43 4-448 4-447 4-442 6-16 4-50 4-320 4-450 3-74 4-229 4-232 4-224 4-233 4-230 6-23 5-218 3-46 4-556 2-88 2-89 2-92 5-165 5-26 4-580 5-279 4-125 2-53 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 57] APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Lower Otay Reservoir Lundguists Lundy Lake Ly tie Creek Ly tie Creek ( Fontana Union Water Co.) Lytle Creek Ranger Station Lytle Creek (San Bernardino Water Department Plant) Lytle Creek (Southern California Edison Co.) Madeline Madera Madero Colorado Magalia Main Station Manderville Canyon No. 1 Maran j al : March Field Maricopa Marin Meadows Ranch Mariposa Markleeville Marysville Mason Estate Matilija Canyon McCloud. ■_ Mecca Melones Mendota Mendota (Standard Oil Co.) Menlo Park Men tone (Crafton Orange Grower's Association) Merced Merced Falls , Mercey Hot Springs Mesa Grande (Angels) Mesa Grande Store Middlewater Midway (Standard Oil Co.) Midway (Union Oil Co.) Mill Creek No. 1 Mill Creek No. 2 Mills College Milo Milton Mineral Mint Canyon Miramar Moccasin Mockingbird Canyon Modesto Moj ave Mokelumne Hill Mono Ranch Monroeville Monrovia Canyon (Lower End) Monrovia (Chamber of Commerce) Monrovia (O'Conner) Monrovia Montague Montana Ranch Monterey Monte Rio. Montgomery Creek Monticello San Diego Lake Mono. San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Lassen Madera Santa Clara Butte Santa Clara Los Angeles Orange Riverside Kern Marin Mariposa Alpine Yuba. Los Angeles Ventura Siskiyou Riverside Tuolumne Fresno Fresno San Mateo San Bernardino Merced Merced Fresno San Diego San Diego Kern Kern Kern Amador San Bernardino Alameda Tulare Calaveras Tehama Los Angeles San Diego Tuolumne Riverside Stanislaus Kern Calaveras Ventura Glenn Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Siskiyou Los Angeles Monterey Kern Shasta Napa Number on Plate 3 4-587 5-113 6-13 4-178 4-180 4-176 4-341 4-174 5-9 5-225 2-87 5-48 2-60 4-205 4-409 4-433 5-297 2-17 5-204 6-9 5-97 4-194 4-18 5-4 7-10 5-179 5-231 5-232 2-70 4-355 5-211 5-202 5-230 4-531 4-534 5-286 5-290 5-296 5-147 4-361 2^3 5-259 5-173 5-19 4-11 4-554 5-189 4-491 5-195 6-38 5-157 4-6 5-58 4-147 4-256 4-148 4-149 1-10 4-383 3-24 6-39 5-11 5-126 572 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Montpellier M oorpark M orena Dam Morgan Hill (Edes) Morino Mutual Water Co Morris Dam Morses Mountain View Mount Lowe Tavern Mt. St. Helena Mt. St. Mary's College Mount Shasta Mt. Tamalpais Mt. Wilson Mt. Wilson Powerhouse Mouth of San Antonio Canyon Muntz Valley Ranch Munz Ranch (Elizabeth Lake) Murphy's Murray Dam Napa Needles Airport Nellie Nevada City Newcastle Newhall Newhall Forestry Station Newhall Ranch Newman Newmark Newmark Reservoir Newport Beach (Balboa Fire Station No. 1) Nicolaus Niles Ninety-sixth and Central (Southern California Edison Co.) Nipomo Norco North Bloomfield North Fork. North Hollywood North Los Angeles (Andrews) North Whittier (Cole Ranch) Norwalk (Chamber of Commerce) Oakdale (near) Oakland Oakwilde Oceanside No. 1 Oceanside No. 4 Ojai Oleta Olive (Bank) Ontario (Braundale Acres) Ontario (Hamilton) Ontario (Imbach) Ontario ( Woca) Ontario No. 1 Ontario No. 2 (Chaff ey High School) Opids Canyon Orange (Sam Armour) Orange Cove Orinda Park Orland Stanislaus Ventura San Diego Santa Clara Riverside Los Angeles San Bernardino. Santa Clara Los Angeles Sonoma Los Angeles Siskiyou Marin Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Calaveras San Diego Napa San Bernardino. San Diego Nevada Placer Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura Stanislaus Los Angeles San Bernardino . Orange Sutter Alameda Los Angeles San Luis Obispo Riverside Nevada Madera Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Stanislaus Alameda Los Angeles San Diego San Diego Ventura Amador Orange San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Riverside San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino . Los Angeles Orange Fresno Contra Costa Glenn 5-199 4-64 4-583 3-12 4-434 4-156 6-60 2-74 1-124 1-39 4-208 5-2 2-22 4-132 4-133 4-168 6-44 4-4 5-175 4-573 2-10 7-1 4-514 5-84 5-108 4-43 4-44 4-40 5-210 4-244 4-183 4-500 5-107 2-58 4-372 3-68 4-427 5-77 5-215 4-92 4-75 4-259 4-388 5-178 2-42 4-111 4-517 4-519 4-21 5-135 4-413 4-327 4-324 4-421 4-317 4-325 4-323 4-127 4-466 5-242 2-32 5-42 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 573 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Orleans Oroville Oroville (River Station) Oxnard Ozena Pacific Beach Pacoima (Warehouse) Pacoima Dam Padre Barona Valley Padua Hills Palermo Palmdale Palm Springs Palo Alto Palos Verdes (Office) Parker Reservoir Parkfield Pasadena Pasadena (Bennett) Pasadena (Chlorine Plant) Pasadena (Water Department) Paso Robles Patterson Pattiway Petaluma Phelan-Parrott Phoenix Piedra Pigeon Point Lighthouse Pilarcitos Pilot Creek Pine Canyon Patrol Station Pine Crest Pine Tree Ranch Piru Citrus Association Placentia (Anaheim Union Water Co.) Placentia (Mutual Orange Association) Placerita Canyon (Morsus Ranch) Placerville Pleasanton Pumps Point Arena Lighthouse Point Lobos Point Loma Point Reyes Point Reyes Station Point Vicente Pole Creek Canyon Pomona Pomona (Frater) Pomona (Nichols) Pomona (Southern Pacific Co.) Pond Porterville Port Hueneme Lighthouse Portola Potrero Heights Poway Prado (U. S. Experimental Plant) Prattville Priest Priest Valley Proctor and Lutheridge Ranch Puddingstone Dam Humboldt Butte Butte Ventura Ventura San Diego Los Angeles Los Angeles San Diego Los Angeles Butte Los Angeles Riverside Santa Clara Los Angeles San Bernardino. Monterey Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Luis Obispo Stanislaus Kern Sonoma Butte Marin Fresno San Mateo San Mateo El Dorado Los Angeles Santa Barbara.. Ventura Ventura Orange Orange Los Angeles El Dorado Alameda Mendocino San Francisco. _ San Diego Marin Marin Los Angeles Ventura Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Kern Tulare Ventura Plumas Los Angeles San Diego Riverside Plumas Tuolumne Monterey Ventura Los Angeles 1-13 5-62 5-61 4-56 3-83 4-568 4-88 4-47 4-557 4-312 5-71 6-47 7-7 2-71 4-438 7-3 3-48 4-241 4-236 4-118 4-235 3-57 5-205 3-73 2-7 5-45 2-23 5-236 3-1 2-51 5-111 4-3 3-77 4-29 4-38 4-408 4-411 4-45 5-123 2-77 1-31 2-38 4-567 2-15 2-16 4-437 4-35 4-306 4-307 4-303 4-305 5-273 5-266 4-191 5-54 4-249 4-555 4-419 5-22 5-190 3-41 4-37 4-293 574 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station County- Number on Plate 3 Puente (Southern California Edison) Puente Hills (Elliot) Puente Hills (Weisel Ranch) Quincy. Radium Hot Springs (Elizabeth Lake). Railroad Canyon Dam Ramona (Sentinel) Ramona (Verlaqua) Rancho La Questa Rancho Matilija Rancho Quien Sabe Rancho San Lucas Rancho Sespe Raynor Ray wood Flats Reche Canyon (Atopa Ranch) Red Bluff Redding Redlands Redlands ( Anderson) Redlands (Crown Jewels Grove) Redondo Redwood City Reedly Represa Rialto (Boyd) _ Ridgewood Ranch Rio Bravo (Union Oil Co.) Rio Vista Rivera Rivera Pico Riverside Riverside (Citrus Experiment Station). Riverside (Press) Rixford Robbins Rocklin Rockwood Ranch Rohnerville Romoland (Temescal Water Co.) Rosco (Merrill) Rosecrans Ranch (Gardena) Roseville High School Rouff Ranch Rowland Ranch (Puente) Rubio Canyon Water Co Running Springs Ruth Sacramento St. Helena Saint John Salinas Salinas Salton Salt Springs San Andreas San Andreas Lake San Antonio (Sierra Powerhouse) . San Antonio Canyon (Intake) San Ardo San Bernardino Los Angeles. Los Angeles. Los Angeles. Plumas Los Angeles Riverside San Diego San Diego Ventura Ventura San Benito Monterey Ventura San Mateo San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Tehama Shasta San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Los Angeles San Mateo Fresno Sacramento San Bernardino. Mendocino Kern Solano Los Angeles Los Angeles Riverside Riverside Riverside San Mateo Sutter Placer San Diego Humboldt Riverside Los Angeles Los Angeles Placer Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Bernardino. Trinity Sacramento Napa Glenn Monterey Monterey Riverside Amador Calaveras San Mateo Los Angeles Los Angeles Monterey San Bernardino. 4-266 4-261 4-400 5-41 4-7 4-493 4-546 4-547 4-26 4-17 3-21 3-43 4-30 2-64 7-4 4-347 5-24 5-17 4-351 4-352 4-349 4-366 2-67 5-240 5-121 4-340 1-29 5-285 5-167 4-384 4-386 4-431 4-432 4-430 2-66 5-106 5-120 4-545 1-20 4-494 4-93 4-371 5-119 6-46 4-265 4-122 4-186 1-23 5-131 2-4 5-43 3-27 3-22 7-12 5-136 5-158 2-52 4-170 4-169 3^5 4-345 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 575 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station San Bernardino (Water Department) San Bernardo Rancho San Clemente Sand Bar Sandberg Sand Canyon Riley Ranch San Diego San Dieguito Dam San Dimas (Ferguson Ranch) San Dimas (Fire Station) San Dimas (Harris) San Dimas (Howard) San Dimas (Orange Association) San Dimas (Stevens) San Dimas Dam San Dimas Mountain San Dimas Mountain No. 1 San Dimas Ranger Station San Emigdio San Felipe San Fernando San Fernando (Lemon Growers Association) San Fernando (Miller Ranch) San Fernando (Lower Reservoir) San Francisco San Francisquito (Powerhouse No. I) San Francisquito (Powerhouse No. 2) San Gabriel (Gleason) San Gabriel (Powerhouse) San Gabriel (Watts) San Gabriel Dam No. 2 San Gabri el Forks (Ranger Station) San Gabriel Intake (Southern California Edison Co.). San Gabriel River (East Fork) Sanger San Jacinto San Joaquin Fruit Co San Jose San Juan Bautista San Juan Capistrano San Leandro San Lucas (Southern Pacific Milling Co.) ,.. San Luis Obispo San Luis Rey San Marcos Pass San Mateo San Miguel San Miguel San Miguel (Twisselman) San Miguel Island San Pablo San Pablo Creek Patrol House San Pablo Reservoir Dam San Pedro San Pedro Hills (West End) San Rafael Santa Ana Santa Ana (Hill) Santa Ana (Powerhouse No. 1) Santa Ana (Southern California Edison Powerhouse No. 3) Santa Ana Canyon (Albert Yorba) Santa Ana River Santa Anita Canyon (Clarks) Santa Anita Forest Station San Bernardino. Monterey. O range . Tuolumne. Los Angeles. Los Angeles. San Diego. San Diego. Los Angeles. Los Angeles . Los Angeles. Los Angeles. Los Angeles. Los Angeles . Los Angeles . Los Angeles . Los Angeles. Los Angeles . Kern. San Diego Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Francisco Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Fresno Riverside Orange Santa Clara San Benito Orange Alameda Monterey San Luis Obispo. San Diego Santa Barbara. _ San Mateo.. San Luis Obispo. San Luis Obispo. San Luis Obispo. Santa Barbara. . Contra Costa Contra Costa Contra Costa Los Angeles Los Angeles Marin Orange Orange San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Orange San Bernardino _ Los Angeles Los Angeles Number on Plate 3 4-346 3-44 4-510 5-162 4-2 4-46 4-569 4-539 4-291 4-294 4-292 4-298 4-288 4-290 4-300 4-295 4-296 4-166 5-301 4-538 4-83 4-81 4-85 4-79 2-40 4-9 4-8 4-247 4-268 4-248 4-151 4-160 4-161 4-164 5-234 4-495 4-479 2-78 3-18 4-506 2-44 3-42 3-64 4-520 3-76 2-55 3-52 3-50 3-51 3-81 2-27 2-31 2-28 4-440 4-439 2-24 4-464 4-465 4-360 4-357 4-418 4-359 4-142 4-145 576 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Santa Barbara Santa Clara Santa Cruz Santa Maria Santa Maria Santa Margarita Santa Margarita (Southern Pacific Co.)_. Santa Monica Santa Monica (Sulliger) Santa Paula Santa Paula (County Agricultural Office) Santa Rosa Santa Rosa Valley No. 1 Santa Ynez Canyon Santa Ysabel Ranch Santa Ysabel Store Santiago Canyon (Pleasants Ranch) Santiago Canyon (Redman) Saratoga Reservoir Saticoy Walnut Association Saugus (Southern California Edison Co.) Sausalito Sawmill Flat (Big Pines) Sawmill Mt. Ranch (Bauer Ranch) Sawpit Canyon Sawpit Canyon Deer Park Sawpit Dam Nos. 1 and 2 Sawtelle (West Los Angeles) Schilling Scotia Scott Bar Scripps Pier (La Jolla) Seal Beach Searsville Lake Selby Ranch Selleck Ranch Selma Seminole Hot Springs Sepulveda (Chase) Sepulveda and Mulholland Seriterre Seven Mile Reservoir Seven Oaks Shasta Shields Canyon (mouth) Shields Ranch Shingle Springs Sierra Madre Sierra Madre (Blummer) Sierra Madre (Blummer No. 1) Sierra Madre (Hersey) Sierra Madre (Miramonte Power Plant) _ Sierra Madre (Pegler) Sierra Madre Dam Sierra Madre (Pumping Plant) Sierraville Sierra Vista Ranch Silverado Canyon Silverado Ranch Silver Lake Reservoir Simi Valley Sinsheimer Brothers Sisquoc Ranch Sister Elsie Peak (Mt. Lukens) Santa Barbara.. Santa Clara Santa Cruz Santa Barbara.. Santa Barbara.. San Luis Obispo San Luis Obispo Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura Ventura Sonoma Ventura Los Angeles San Diego San Diego Orange Orange Santa Clara Ventura Los Angeles Marin Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Mateo Humboldt Siskiyou San Diego Orange San Mateo Ventura Santa Cruz Fresno Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Butte Santa Clara San Bernardino. Shasta Los Angeles Mono El Dorado Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Sierra Tulare Orange Napa Los Angeles Ventura San Luis Obispo Santa Barbara.. Los Angeles 3-80 2-76 3-15 3-70 3-71 3-62 3-63 4-206 4-207 4-27 4-28 1-37 4-62 4-201 4-548 4-549 4-486 4-485 2-85 4-57 4-41 2-26 6-56 6-42 4-153 4-152 4-150 4-211 2-73 1-22 1-7 4-553 4-449 2-69 4-15 3-9 5-238 4-195 4-82 4-204 5-72 2-91 4-190 5-16 4-104 6-10 5-122 4-135 4-136 4-137 4-138 4-139 4-252 4-134 4-144 5-65 5-275 4-487 2-1 4-228 4-68 3-65 3-72 4-103 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 577 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Skyline Snelling Snyder Ranch Soda Lake Soda Springs Soldiers Home Soledad Soledad (Southern Pacific Milling Co.) Sonoma Sonora Soquel Creek Southeast Farallon South Lake South of Monrovia (Martin) South Pasadena (City Hall) South Pasadena (Cooper) South Pasadena (Marsh) Spreckels Spring Gap Springville (Tule Head Dam) Springville Ranch Springville Ranger Station Squirrel Inn Stanford Corporation Yard Stanton Stanwood State Narcotic Hospital Steele Swamp Stewart Pumping Station Stirling City Stites Ranch Stockton Stone Canyon Dam Stonyford Ranger Station Stony Gorge Reservoir Storey Storrie (Bucks Powerhouse) Strawberry Dam Sturtevant Camp Suisun Summerdale Summit Summit Topanga Sunnyvale Sunol Sunset Canyon (Country Club) Susan ville Sweetwater Dam Switzer's Camp Sylmer Packing Corporation Table Bluff Lighthouse. _ Table Mountain Tahoe ._. Talbert Tamarack (Blue Lakes) _ Tanbark Flats Tapo Mutual Water Co.. Tecate Tehachapi Tehama Tejon Rancho Telegraph Road Temescal Reservoir County San Mateo Merced Ventura San Luis Obispo . Nevada Los Angeles Monterey Monterey Sonoma Tuolumne Santa Cruz San Francisco Inyo Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Monterey Tuolumne Tulare Ventura Tulare San Bernardino. Santa Clara Orange Butte Los Angeles Modoc Orange Butte Yolo San Joaquin Los Angeles Colusa Glenn Madera Plumas Tuolumne Los Angeles Solano Mariposa Placer Los Angeles Santa Clara Alameda Los Angeles Lassen San Diego Los Angeles Los Angeles Humboldt. _ Los Angeles. Placer Orange Alpine Los Angeles. Ventura San Diego. . Kern Tehama Kern Los Angeles. Alameda Number on Plate 3 2-82 5-201 4-61 3-67 5-92 4-212 3-32 3-33 2-9 5-181 3-8 2-37 6-20 4-257 4-237 4-238 4-254 3-28 5-163 5-260 4-59 5-268 4-185 2-72 4-452 5-52 4-284 1-4 4-401 5-35 5-129 5-176 4-209 5-67 5-55 5-224 5-36 5-164 4-140 2-14 5-209 5-93 4-198 2-75 2-59 4-97 6-4 4-575 4-119 4-80 1-17 6-55 6-8 4-459 5-137 4-165 4-66 4-591 5-300 5-25 5-298 4-385 2-30 19—27922 578 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Number on Plate 3 Templeton (Garrett) Terra Bella Three Rivers Tiger Creek Topanga Canyon Guard Station Torrance (General Petroleum Co.) Torrance (Southern California Edison Co.) Towle Tracy Tres Pinos Trinidad Head Trabuco Canyon Trona Truckee Truesdale Ranch Tulare - Tulare (near) Tule Lake Turlock Tustin Tustin High School Tustin (Whitson Co.) Twin Lakes Twin Oaks Ukiah U. S. Cotton Field U. S. Forest Service Shops Upland (Johnson) Upland (Jordan) Upland (Liberty Groves) Upland (Ward) Upland (Wood) Upper Crystal Springs Upper Franklin Resrvoir Upper Lake Upper Mattole Upper Ojai No. 2 Upper Otay Dam Upper San Fernando Reservoir (Powerhouse No. 3) Upper San Leandro Upper Sespe Creek Vacaville Valencia Heights Valle Vista Valley Center No. 1 Valley Center No. 2 Valley Center No. 3 Valley Forge Lodge (Kamp Kole) Valley Springs Vallyermo (Noble) Van Nuys Venice (City Hall) Ventura Veramont Veterans Home Victorville Villa Park (Allen). Villa Park (Orchard Association) Vina-Stanford Vincent Patrol Station Visalia Vista Irrigation District- San Luis Obispo Tulare Tulare Amador Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Placer San Joaquin San Benito Humboldt Orange San Bernardino. Nevada San Luis Obispo Tulare Tulare Siskiyou Stanislaus Orange Orange Orange Alpine San Diego Mendocino Kern Los Angeles San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino . San Mateo Los Angeles Lake Humboldt Ventura San Diego Los Angeles Alameda Ventura Solano Los Angeles Contra Costa San Diego San Diego San Diego Los Angeles Calaveras Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura Plumas Napa San Bernardino. Orange Orange Tehama Los Angeles Tulare San Diego 3-56 5-271 5-247 5-148 4-199 4-368 4-370 5-87 5-187 3-23 1-14 4-507 6-34 6-6 3-60 5-256 5-255 1-3 5-207 4-477 4-474 4-473 5-124 4-523 1-30 5-281 4-117 4-322 4-321 4-326 4-316 4-315 2-54 4-213 5-81 1-24 4-24 4-586 4-78 2-46 4-5 5-138 4-273 2-45 4-526 4-524 4-525 4-131 5-156 6-52 4-84 4-364 4-52 5-30 2-5 6-51 4-468 4-471 5-32 4-14 5-257 4-522 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 579 APPENDIX B-TABLE 1 -Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF 10 YEARS OR LONGER Station Volcan Mountain Volta Von Schrodeder Wait Wallace Walla Walla Creek Walnut (Fruit Growers Association).. Walnut (Howell Ranch) Walnut Creek . Warner Springs Warner Summer Road Wasco Waterf ord Watsonville Watts-Jordan High School Weaverville West Branch West Covina (Hurst Brothers Ranch) Western Avenue (Tank) West Haven Westley West Point West Saddle Peak West Saticoy West Winters Westwood Wheatland Whittier (City hall) Whittier (Southern Pacific Co.) Whittier Narrows Wilcox Wild Horse Valley Williams Williams Reservoir Willits Willms Willota Ranch Willows Willows Wilmington (City Hall) Wineville (Mira Loma Rancho) Winters (Thornberry) Wintersburg Avenue Wintersburg (Moore) Wintersburg (Murdy) Wintersburg (Slater) Wohlford Lake Wolf Ranch Wolfskill Falls (San Dimas) Woodland Woodside (Bear Gulch Creek) Wrights Yerba Buena Lighthouse Yorba Linda Yosemite Yreka Yucaipa (Arnett) Yucca Grove San Diego Shasta San Luis Obispo Kern Calaveras Siskiyou Los Angeles Los Angeles Contra Costa San Diego San Diego Kern Stanislaus Santa Cruz Los Angeles Trinity Butte Los Angeles Los Angeles Fresno Stanislaus Calaveras Los Angeles Ventura Yolo Lassen Yuba Los Angeles f Los Angeles Los Angeles Contra Costa Solano Colusa Santa Clara Mendocino San Joaquin Solano Glenn San Diego Los Angeles Riverside Yolo Orange Orange Orange Orange San Diego Ventura Los Angeles Yolo San Mateo Santa Clara San Francisco Orange Mariposa Siskiyou San Bernardino San Bernardino Number on Plate 3 4-550 5-18 3-61 5-288 5-153 1-8 4-285 4-282 2-35 4-537 4-536 5-280 5-197 3-17 4-373 1-19 5-33 4-264 4-369 5-252 5-194 5-146 4-197 4-55 5-127 5-23 5-98 4-390 4-389 4-250 2-36 2-11 5-96 2-94 1-38 5-168 2-13 5-57 4-562 4-441 4-335 5-128 4-453 4-454 4-451 4-455 4-527 4-67 4-167 5-117 2-62 2-93 2-41 4-415 5-193 1-9 4-362 6-36 580 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 2 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station County File number Abertine Agnews Alameda Alameda Creek 105- A Alcade Alhambra (Southern Pacific Co.) Aliso Canyon Allen Ranch Alosta Alpine Heights Alta Canada Alta Loma No. 1 Alturas No. 2 Alturas No. 3 Amboy Anada Anderson (near) Andreas Canyon Andreas Garden Angels Camp No. 1 Antioch (near) Apache Camp Arbuckle Arcadia (Southern Pacific Co.) _ _ Arlington (American Sugar) Arroyo Sequis Associated Oil Co. (A) Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Associated Oil Co. No. Atascadero (Atascadero Mutual Water Co.). Atascadero Sub-station Atlas Road Avila 2H__ 3H__ 3 HA. 4 H__ 5H_. 6 H._ 7 8 8H__ Badger Badger Camp Bagnall Ranch Baldwin Hills Barrett Post Office Barton's Resort Bassett _ . Bass Lake Bear Creek Dam Site Beckwith Beegum Bell Canyon (Piatt Ranch) Bell (California Forest and Range Experiment Station). Belmont Ben Lomond Mountain Ben Mar Hills Berenda Big Bear Lake (near) Big Bear Tavern Big Creek No. 2 Bijou Birmingham General Hospital. Bloomington No. 2 Blue Lakes Butte Santa Clara Alameda Alameda Fresno Los Angeles Orange San Diego Los Angeles San Diego Los Angeles San Bernardino. Modoc Modoc San Bernardino. Trinity Shasta Riverside Riverside Calaveras Contra Costa Ventura Colusa Los Angeles Riverside Los Angeles Fresno Fresno Monterey Monterey San Benito Monterey Monterey Monterey Monterey Monterey San Luis Obispo. San Luis Obispo. Napa San Luis Obispo. Tulare Santa Cruz Ventura Los Angeles San Diego Fresno Sonoma Madera Santa Cruz Plumas Tehama Los Angeles Los Angeles San Mateo Santa Cruz Los Angeles Madera San Bernardino _ San Bernardino _ Fresno El Dorado Los Angeles San Bernardino _ Alpine 5-005 2-048 2-001 2-002 5-048 4-001 4-0143 4-0269 4-002 4-0270 4-003 4-0204 1-035 1-036 6-032 5-0206 5-0169 7-005 7-006 5-018 2-014 3-0140 5-024 4-004 4-0183 4-005 5-050 5-049 3-001 3-002 3-032 3-003 3-004 3-005 3-006 3-007 3-048 3-049 2-028 3-050 5-0207 3-0114 4-0354 4-006 4-0271 5-051 1-047 5-0106 3-0115 5-0143 5-0201 4-007 4-008 2-040 3-0116 4-009 5-0107 4-0205 6-033 5-052 6-001 4-010 6-034 5-001 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 581 APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station Blythe Airport Boca Bonita No. 2 Bonnie Doon Boulder Creek (near No. 1) Bouquet Canyon Boyce & Boyce Orchard Bradley Brancif orte Brea Canyon Brea Dam Bremer Brentwood Brookdale (Schmaher) Brush Creek Ranger Station Bryson (near) Buchanan Buck Creek Dam Site Buckman Springs Buena Park Buena Ventura Springs Buena Vista Burbank Airport Butte Creek House Butte Valley Butte Valley Irrigation District Byron Cihuenga Park Cahuilla Cain Ranch Cajon Camp C vion (near) C^jon Summit Calaveras Big Trees No. 2 C laveras Ranger Station California Hot Springs California Institute of Technology C 1'istoga Calistoga (Williams) Calloway Canal Callow Ranch Cambria Camino (near) Camp No. 5 Camp Angelus Campbell (Hyde) Campbells Ranch Cimp Denny Camp McQuaide C impo Pachard Campo No. 2 Campo No. 3 Camp Pioneer Camp Rincon Camp Wishon Camulos Ranch Hill No. 5 Canebrake Canyon Canyon Redondo Capitola Carmel Valley Cameras Carroll Dam Site Carvin Mine Casebere Ranch Riverside Nevada San Diego Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Los Angeles Solano Monterey Santa Cruz Ventura Orange Sutter Contra Costa Santa Cruz Butte Monterey Madera Ventura San Diego Orange Ventura San Benito Los Angeles Butte Plumas Siskiyou Contra Costa Los Angeles Riverside Mono San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Calaveras Calaveras Tulare Los Angeles Napa Napa Kern San Joaquin San Luis Obispo El Dorado San Luis Obispo San Bernardino. Santa Clara San Diego San Diego Santa Cruz San Diego San Diego San Diego Yuba Los Angeles Tulare Ventura San Diego San Bernardino. Santa Cruz Monterey Kern San Diego Sierra San Diego File number 7-007 5-0130 4-0272 3-0117 3-0118 4-011 5-0187 3-008 3-0119 4-0355 4-0144 5-0195 5-031 3-0120 5-006 3-009 5-0108 4-0356 4-0273 4-0145 4-0357 3-033 4-012 5-007 5-0144 1-038 5-032 013 -0184 -024 -0206 -0207 -0208 -019 -020 -0208 -014 -0126 -0127 -076 -0158 -051 -033 -052 -0209 -049 -0274 -0275 -0121 -0276 -0277 -0278 -0231 -015 -0209 -0358 -016 -036 -0122 -010 -072 -0279 -0182 -0280 582 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station Castaic Castle Pinckey Castroville Castroville Cathay (near) Cathedral Park Cellier Place Centerville Central Point Challenge Charlton Flats Chatsworth Patrol Station Chenery Filter Plant Cherokee Cherry Summit Chevy Chase Chews Ridge Chico (near) Chico Army Flying School Chico (Parrott Investment Co.) Chihuahua Mountain Chilao Childs Ranch Chino Delphy No. 2 Chino (Thomas) Cholame (near) Chuchupate Chula Vista (Carpenter) City Creek CCC Camp Clark's J^-Way House Clay (Bolton) Clearlake Park Clearlake Park Clements Cloverdale Cloverdale (near) Clyde Ranch Coachella Colby Ranch No. 2 .... Compton (Southern Pacific Company) Conejo Ranch No. 2 Confidence (Hiatt Ranch) Converse Nursery Coalinga (near) Coalinga Pump Corona (American Fruit Growers Exchange) Corona (near) Coronado No. 1 Corral Corralitos Covelo (Barton) __: Covelo (Brown) Covelo (near) Covina (H. H. Snodgrass) Covina (Southern Pacific Company) Cox's Canyon Coyote Crab Park Crafts Peak Crescent City Crestline Cucamonga No. 1 Cucamonga Water Co Curipamba Curson Canyon (Lower Ridge) Ventura Santa Barbara.. Monterey Monterey Mariposa El Dorado Lake Alameda Merced Yuba Los Angeles Los Angeles Contra Costa Butte Los Angeles Los Angeles Monterey Butte Butte Butte San Diego Los Angeles Amador San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Luis Obispo Ventura San Diego San Bernardino. Los Angeles Sacramento Lake Lake San Joaquin Sonoma Sonoma San Bernardino. Riverside Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura Tuolumne San Bernardino. Fresno Fresno Riverside Riverside San Diego San Luis Obispo Santa Cruz Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Los Angeles Los Angeles San Bernardino. Santa Clara San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Del Norte San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Santa Clara Los Angeles File number 4-0359 3-087 3-011 3-012 5-0113 6-002 5-091 2-003 5-0119 5-0232 4-016 4-017 2-015 5-008 4-018 4-019 3-013 5-011 5-009 5-010 4-0281 4-020 5-003 4-0210 4-0185 3-053 4-0360 4-0282 4-0211 4-021 5-0151 5-092 5-093 5-0159 1-048 1-049 6-037 7-008 4-022 4-023 4-0361 5-0219 6-038 5-053 5-054 4-0186 4-0187 4-0283 3-054 3-0123 1-017 1-018 1-019 4-0214 4-025 6-039 2-050 6-040 6-041 1-001 6-042 4-0212 4-0213 3-0110 4-026 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA f>83 APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station Cushenbury Ranch Cuyama Ranger Station Cuyamaca (East) Cuyamaca No. 2 : Daggett Airport Davenport Day Deep Dreek (East Fork) Deep Creek (South Fork) Deer Park Deer Creek Ranger Station Dedrick (near) Dehesa Del Rosa Del Rosa Heights Descanso Valley Devil Canyon Devil Canyon Shaft Devils Canyon Panorama Point Dewey Diablo Post Office Diamond Bar Horse Ranch Di Giorgio Farm Dinuba Dobie Ranch Dodgeland Dorman's Ranch Double Eagle Ranch Downey ( Jordon) Duarte (Southern Pacific Company) Dublin Dunlap Dunlap (near) Dunnigan (Davis) Dyerville No. 1 Dyerville No. 2 Eagle Eagles Nest Earl Ranch East Pine Flat East Portal East Santa Susana East Spunky East Whittier (Mendenhall) Eden Creek Edna Edwards Ranch El Cajon No. 2 El Cajon No. 3 El Casco El Centro El Dorado El Dorado Powerhouse Elizabeth Lake Canyon Elk Grove Elk Valley Elmira El Modena El Monte Fire Station El Sereno El Sereno (Morgan) El Solyo Elsinore (near) San Bernardino Santa Barbara.. San Diego San Diego San Bernardino. Santa Cruz Modoc San Bernardino. San Bernardino . Placer Tulare Trinity San Diego San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Diego San Bernardino . San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Diego Contra Costa Los Angeles Kern Tulare San Bernardino. Butte San Bernardino . Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Alameda Fresno Fresno Yolo Humboldt Humboldt San Luis Obispo San Diego Los Angeles Los Angeles Mono Ventura Los Angeles Los Angeles Alameda San Luis Obispo Ventura San Diego San Diego Riverside Imperial El Dorado El Dorado Los Angeles Sacramento Del Norte Solano Orange Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Stanislaus Riverside File number fi-043 3-088 4-0284 4-0285 6-044 3-0124 5-0124 6-045 6-046 6-031 5-0210 1-055 4-0286 4-0214 4-0215 4-0287 4-0216 4-0217 4-0218 4-0288 2-016 4-027 5-073 5-0211 6-047 5-012 6-048 4-028 4-029 4-030 2-004 5-055 5-056 5-0228 1-006 1-007 3-055 4-0289 6-014 4-031 6-025 4-0362 6-015 4-032 2-005 3-056 4-0363 4-0290 4-0291 4-0188 7-001 5-034 5-035 4-033 5-0152 1-002 5-0188 4-0146 4-034 4-035 4-036 5-0191 4-0189 584 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station El Toro Camp El Toro Cemetery Ernst Ranch Escondido (near No. 1) Escondido No. 4 Escondido Patrol Station Estero Estrada Etiwanda Etiwanda (near) Etiwanda (Moore) Etna Exchequer Exeter Exeter (near) Fairfield (near) Fairmont Reservoir Fallbrook (near) Famosa Farallon Island Fern Fernando Fiddletown (near) Figueroa Lookout Figueroa Mountain Filirea Reservoir Site Firebaugh (near) Fish Camp Fish Canyon Fitzhugh Flemming Mill Florence Florence Lake Floriston Follows Camp Foothill Irrigation Co Foothill Lemon Co. No. 4 Foothill Lemon Co. No. 5 Fordham Farms Foresters Sanitarium Forest Home Lodge Fort Jones (near) Fort Romie No. 1 Fort Tejon Fortu na Fouts Spring Frazier Mine Fredalba Fremont Peak Freydoz No. 1 Freydoz No. 2 Fullerton (Hegar) Fullerton (Royer No. 1) Fullerton (Royer No. 2) Fullerton Dam Fullerton Evaporation Station Garcia Gazelle General Grant National Park_ Georgetown Ranger Station... Gilman Ranch Gilroy (near) Gilroy (near No. 2) . Orange Orange San Luis Obispo San Diego San Diego Los Angeles San Luis Obispo San Luis Obispo San Bernardino _ San Bernardino. San Bernardino . Siskiyou Mariposa Tulare Tulare Solano Los Angeles San Diego Kern San Francisco. .. Los Angeles Los Angeles Amador Santa Barbara. . Santa Barbara _ . San Bernardino. Fresno Mariposa Los Angeles San Mateo San Bernardino. Los Angeles Fresno Nevada Los Angeles San Bernardino . Riverside Riverside Monterey Los Angeles San Bernardino. Siskiyou Monterey Kern Humboldt Colusa Ventura San Bernardino. San Benito Riverside Riverside Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange San Luis Obispo. Siskiyou Fresno El Dorado Shasta Santa Clara Santa Clara File number 4-0147 4-0148 3-057 4-0292 4-0293 4-037 3-058 3-059 4-0219 4-0220 4-0221 1-039 5-0114 5-0212 5-0213 2-065 6-016 4-0294 5-074 2-037 6-017 6-018 5-004 3-089 3-090 4-0222 5-057 5-0115 4-038 2-041 6-049 4-039 5-058 5-0131 4-040 4-0223 4-0190 4-0191 3-014 4-041 4-0224 1-040 3-015 5-075 1-008 5-025 3-0141 4-0225 3-034 4-0192 4-0193 4-0151 4-0152 4-0153 4-0149 4-0150 3-060 1-041 5-059 5-036 5-0170 2-054 2-051 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA .is:. APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station Gilroy Hot Springs Gilroy Hot Springs (near) Gilta Girard No. 2 Glashoff Ranch Glendora Glen Ellen Glen Ranch (McCarthy) _. Glen Ranch Glenville (near No. 2) Glenwood Goffs Gonzales Granada Grand Island Grant Grove Gray Mountain Green Valley Toll House.. Grigby 's Ranch Grizzly Flats Groveland No. 1 Groveland No. 2 Guadalupe Hamilton Field Hansen Dam Hansen Ranch Harbin Hot Springs Hardin Ranch Harvey Ranch Hat Creek (near) Hauser Creek Hawthorne Hayward (Eschelson) Hayward (near) Hayward (Southern Pacific Co.)_. Heaps Peak Hearst Heber Heil Avenue Evaporation Station. Helendale Hemet Hemet Reservoir Henninger Flat (Peavy) Hepburn Well Hernandez Hernandez (near) Hernandez (near No. 2) Highland Park Hill Ranch Hinsdale Hobart Mills Holcomb Hole Pumping Station Hollister Hollister No. 2 Hollywood City Engineer Honor Camp No. 4 Hooks Ranch Hoopa Hoover Ranch Hopland (near) Hopland (near No. 1) Hopper Mountain Horse Canyon County Santa Clara Santa Clara Siskiyou Kern • Solano Los Angeles Sonoma San Bernardino. San Bernardino Kern Santa Cruz San Bernardino. Monterey Los Angeles Colusa Fresno San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Diego El Dorado Tuolumne Tuolumne Santa Barbara. Los Angeles Los Angeles Lake Napa San Diego Shasta San Diego Los Angeles Alameda Alameda Alameda San Bernardino . Mendocino Imperial Orange San Bernardino . Riverside Riverside Los Angeles San Luis Obispo. San Benito San Benito San Benito Santa Cruz San Luis Obispo . Sutter Nevada San Bernardino . Orange San Benito San Benito Los Angeles Los Angeles San Diego Humboldt Santa Cruz Mendocino Lake Ventura Santa Barbara. _ File number Marin 2- 4- 4 5- 5- 4- 5- 4 4 2 2 2 4- 1- 7- 4- 6- 4- 4- 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 6 4 3 3 4 4 4 1 3 1 5 4 3 052 053 042 077 066 042 070 0227 0228 078 0125 050 016 043 -026 -060 -051 -0226 -0295 -037 -0220 -0221 -091 -024 -044 -045 -094 -0128 -0296 -0171 -0297 -046 -007 -008 -006 -0229 -020 -002 -0154 -052 -0194 -0195 -047 -061 -035 -036 -037 -0126 -062 -0196 -0132 -053 -0155 -039 -038 -048 -049 -0298 -009 -0127 -021 095 -0364 092 586 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station County File number Horseshoe BencL. Hot Springs Mt._. Howard Forest — Huasna Hueneme Hume No. 1 Hume No. 2 Hunsaker Flat Hurlburds Ranch. Huston Flat Hyampom Hyampom Hydesville Hynes-Hayden — Irvine Ranch Coast Irvine Ranch Tract No. 706 . Ives Jamul Ranch. Johnsondale.- Johnsville Julian (near)_ Juncal Dam_. Karnak Keene Ranger Station . Kelly Ranch Kettleman King Island Kingsburg Kings Mountain Kings Mountain Road- Kinsley Kitchen Valley Klamath Kneeland (near No. 2) . Knob Kuffles Kyburz Kyburz (near) Laguna Beach No. 2 Laguna Canyon Lake Arrowhead Fish Hatchery Lake Arrowhead Village Lake City Lake Mary Lake Mountain Lake Pillsbury Lake Sherwood Lakeside Lambert La Mesa No. 1 La Mesa No. 2 La Mesa No. 3 Lankershim (San Francisco and San Joaquin Valley Rail- road) La Panza La Porte No. 2 La Posta La Presa Laurel (Dodge) La Verne Lawrence Fresno San Diego Mendocino San Luis Obispo . Ventura Fresno Fresno San Bernardino. San Diego San Bernardino. Trinity Trinity Humboldt Los Angeles Orange Orange Monterey. San Diego Tulare Plumas San Diego Santa Barbara^ Sutter Kern San Diego Kings San Joaquin Fresno San Mateo San Mateo Mariposa San Diego Del Norte Humboldt Shasta San Bernardino. El Dorado El Dorado Orange Santa Cruz San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Modoc Mono Trinity Lake Ventura San Diego. Orange San Diego San Diego San Diego Los Angeles San Luis Obispo. Plumas San Diego San Diego Santa Cruz Los Angeles Santa Clara 5-061 4-0299 1-022 3-063 4-0365 5-062 5-063 4-0230 4-0300 4-0231 1-056 1-057 1-010 4-050 4-0156 4-0157 3-017 4-0301 5-0214 5-0145 4-0302 3-093 5-0197 5-079 4-0303 5-089 5-0160 5-064 2-042 2-043 5-0116 4-0304 1-003 1-011 5-0172 4-0232 5-038 5-039 4-0158 3-0128 6-054 6-055 1-037 6-026 1-058 1-016 4-0366 4-0305 4-0159 4-0306 4-0307 4-0308 4-051 3-064 5-0146 4-0309 4-0310 3-0129 4-052 2-055 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 587 APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station File number Lay tonville Laytonville No. 2 Laytonville (Division of Highways) Lemon Lincoln Lind Airport Lindblooms Linden (Davis) Litchfield Littlelands Little Rock Creek (Cole) Little Rock Creek Little Tujunga Little Uvas Live Oak Canyon "B" Livingston No. 1 Lockwood Mesa Lockwood (near) Lodi No. 3 Lone Pine (near) Lone Valley Long Barn Long Beach (Louise and Locust) Long Beach (South and Lemon) Long Beach (Seventh and California) Long Beach (Eighth and Cedar) Long Beach (37th and Gaita) Long Beach (54th and Lime) Long Beach (60th and Rose) Long Camp Loomis Ranch Loraine Los Angeles (Casey) Los Angeles Examiner Los Angeles Flood Control Office No. 1_- Los Angeles Flood Control Office No. 2._ Los Angeles (Morrill) Los Angeles (Southern Pacific Company) Los Angeles (West 80th St.) Los Banos Valley Los Burros Los Burros Mine Los Flores Los Flores Ranch Los Molinos Los Olivas Los Posas Tract No. 59 Los Vaqueros Loveland Dam Lower Haines Canyon Lower Lytle Creek Loydton Lucia (near) Lyon Peak Lytle Creek (Foothill Blvd.) Ly tton Springs Macumber Macdoel Madeline No. 2 Magic Mountain Mandeville Canyon (San Vincente Point). Mandeville Canyon No. 4 Manteca Manzanita Mountain Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Los Angeles Placer San Joaquin Lake San Joaquin Lassen Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Santa Clara Los Angeles Merced San Diego Monterey San Joaquin Inyo Lassen Tuolumne Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Tuolumne Los Angeles Kern Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Merced Monterey Monterey San Bernardino San Bernardino Tehama Santa Barbara _ Ventura Monterey San Diego Los Angeles San Bernardino Sierra Monterey San Diego San Bernardino Sonoma Shasta Siskiyou Lassen Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Joaquin Santa Barbara _ 1-023 1-025 1-024 4-053 5-0136 5-0161 5-096 5-0162 6-006 4-054 6-019 6-020 4-055 3-0111 4-056 5-0120 4-0311 3-018 5-0163 6-003 6-007 5-0222 4-062 4-061 4-057 4-058 4-059 4-060 4-063 5-0223 4-064 5-081 4-065 4-068 4-067 4-066 4-069 4-070 4-071 5-0121 3-020 3-019 7-015 6-035 5-0202 3-094 4-0367 3-021 4-0312 4-072 4-0233 5-0183 3-022 4-0313 4-0234 1-050 5-0173 1-043 5-0105 4-075 4-073 4-074 5-0164 3-095 588 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station County File number March Field Marron Valley Martinez Martinez (near) Matagual Mather May Canyon McClung Ranch McKinney McKittrick McMullin McPherson Meadow Valley No. 2 Measors Mendenhall Valley Mercury Michigan Bluff Middletown Milf ord (near) Millard Canyon Millard Forks Millbrae Mill Creek A Mill Creek Ranger Station Mills Orchard Mills Estate Park Milpitas Minturn Mira Monte Pumping Plant Miranda (near) Mission Valley Mitchell Mill Modesto No. 2 Moffett Field Monkey Hill M onroe Montague Airport Montalvo Monte Montebello Chamber of Commerce Montebello (Cotton) Montebello (Smith) Montgomery Creek (near) Montgomery Creek No. 2 Monticello (near) Monumental Monumental (Mine) Morena Dam (near) Morgan Hill Morgan Hill (U. S. Soil Conservation Service). Morgan Hill (near No. 1) Morango Valley Mountain Home No. 1 Mt. Breckenridge Mt. Danaher Mt. Eden Mt. Frazier Mt. Hebron Mt. Madam Mt. Madonna Mt. Palomar Observatory Mt. St. Helena Mt. Shasta Airway Mt. Tamalpais (near) Muscoy Ranch Road Camp Riverside San Diego Contra Costa. _ Contra Costa San Diego Tuolumne Los Angeles Kern Placer Kern Fresno Orange Plumas San Bernardino. San Diego Santa Clara Placer Lake Lassen Riverside Riverside San Mateo San Bernardino. San Bernardino. Glenn San Mateo Santa Clara Madera Los Angeles Humboldt Riverside Calaveras Stanislaus Santa Clara San Diego Los Angeles Siskiyou Ventura Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles Shasta Shasta Napa Del Norte Del Norte San Diego Santa Clara Santa Clara Santa Clara San Bernardino. Tulare Kern El Dorado Alameda Ventura Siskiyou Santa Cruz Santa Clara San Diego Sonoma Siskiyou Marin San Bernardino _ 4-0196 4-0314 2-017 2-018 4-0315 5-0224 4-076 5-081 5-0137 5-082 5-065 4-0160 5-0147 6-056 4-0316 2-056 5-0138 5-097 6-008 7-009 7-010 2-044 4-0235 4-0236 5-070 2-045 2-057 5-0109 4-077 1-012 7-011 5-021 5-0192 2-058 4-0317 4-078 1-044 4-0368 4-079 4-080 4-081 4-082 5-0175 5-0174 5-0129 1-004 1-005 4-0318 2-060 2-059 3-0112 6-057 5-0215 5-083 5-0408 2-009 4-0369 1-045 3-0130 2-061 4-0319 1-051 5-0185 2-025 4-0243 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 589 APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station File number Muscoy Ranch Ross Place Muscoy Ranch No. 1 Muscoy Ranch No. 2 Muscoy Ranch No. 3 Muscoy Ranch No. 4 Muscoy Ranch No. 5 Muscoy Ranch No. 6 Mutah Flat Nevada City (near No. 2) New Almaden Newark Newcastle (Lamina) Newhall Airport Newhall Ranch (McGuire) Nipomo Nobles Mine Noah Ranch Norden Nordhoff North Hill Vineyard North Hollywood Observatory North Lakeport North San Juan North Whittier Heights Norvell Flat Norwalk Novato Oak Grove Oakland Airport Oakville Oakville (near) Oakville (near No. 1) Oakville No. 2 Oceana Oceanside Airport Oceanside (near) Oceanside No. 3 Ogilby Olinda O'Melveny Camp Ontario (Taylor No. 2) Orange County Reservoir Orange Cove Orangevale Orcut Ranch Orcutt Orick Orinda (Filter) Oroville (McDermott) Oroville (near) Oroville (State Forestry) Otay Pacific Colony Pacific Union College Padre Vineyard Co Paicines (near) Pajaro Palm Canyon Palmdale Airport Palmdale (near) Palmdale (Schoeller) Palmers Service Station San Bernardino. San Bernardino . San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino. San Bernardino . Ventura Nevada Santa Clara Alameda Placer Los Angeles Ventura San Luis Obispo San Diego Sutter Placer Ventura Calaveras Los Angeles Lake Nevada Los Angeles Lassen Los Angeles Marin San Diego Alameda Napa Napa Napa Napa San Luis Obispo San Diego San Diego San Diego Imperial Shasta Los Angeles San Bernardino . Orange Fresno Sacramento Los Angeles Santa Barbara _ . Humboldt Contra Costa Butte Butte Butte San Diego Los Angeles Napa San Bernardino. San Benito Monterey Riverside Los Angeles Los Angeles Los Angeles San Bernardino . 4-0244 4-0237 4-0238 4-0239 4-0240 4-0241 4-2042 4-0370 5-0133 2-062 2-010 5-0139 4-083 4-0371 3-065 4-0320 5-0198 5-0140 4-0372 5-022 4-084 5-098 5-0134 4-085 6-009 4-086 2-026 4-0321 2-011 2-029 2-032 2-0"0 2-031 3-0P6 4 0322 4-0°23 4-03M 7-003 5-0176 4-087 4-0245 4-0 1;; APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station State Forestry (Howard Forestry) Stay ton Mine Stevenson Creek Stonyf ord (Rice) Stony Gorge Reservoir Strawberry Flat Success Sulphur Banks Summ't (Atascadero Mutual Water Co.). Summit (Daly) Summit (Union Oil Co.) Summer Flat . Sunny Hills Ranch (Laboratory) Sunny Hills Ranch (Lemon Mesa) Sunny Hills Ranch (Red Tank) Sunny Hills Ranch (Santa Fe) Sunny Hills Ranch (Viejo) Sunnyside Sunset (Union Oil Co.) Sunset Beach Surf Surf (Standard Oil Co.) Susanville Susan ville Airport Taft Talbott Ranch Tallac Talmadge Tamarack Tank Farm Tapo Citrus Association Tar Canyon Teakettle Creek Tecarte Dam Tejon Ranger Station Telegraph Canyon Tequisquito Rancho Termo The Geysers The Pines Thermalito Tidwell Oaks Tinemaha Reservoir Toll House (Mount Wilson) Topanga Ranger Station Torrey Lease Trabuco Cabin Grounds Trabuco Canyon (Refractory Materials Co.). Trabuco Canyon (Soil Conservation Service). Trabuco Oaks Trabuco Oaks Tracy (near) Tres Hermanos No. 3 Tres Pinos Triangle Station Trinity Center Tropico Truckee Ranger Station Truckee No. 2 Tujunga Canyon Terrace Tunjunga Mill Creek Tulare (Southern Pacific Co.) Tunnel C Tunnel No. 2 Mendocino Merced Fresno Colusa Glenn San Bernardino. Tulare Lake San Luis Obispo San Bernardino. San Luis Obispo San Luis Obispo Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange Napa Kern Santa Cruz Santa Barbara . . Santa Barbara- . Lassen Lassen Kern Monterey El Dorado San Bernardino Alpine San Luis Obispo Ventura Kings Fresno San Diego Los Angeles San Diego San Benito Lassen Sonoma Ventura Butte Orange Inyo Los Angeles Los Angeles Ventura Orange Orange Orange Orange Orange San Joaquin San Bernardino. San Benito Modoc Trinity Los Angeles Nevada Nevada Los Angeles Los Angeles Tulare San Bernardino _ San Bernardino _ File number 1-022 5-0123 5-067 5-028 5-071 6-064 5-0216 5-0101 3-082 4-0258 3-083 3-084 4-0169 4-0170 4-0171 4-0172 4-0173 2-036 5-086 3-0136 3-0106 3-0107 6-011 6-012 5-087 3-030 5-047 4-0259 5-002 3-085 4-0384 5-090 5-068 4-0345 4-0128 4-0346 3-045 6-013 1-053 4-0385 5-017 4-0174 6-005 4-0129 4-0130 4-0386 4-0175 4-0176 4-0177 4-0178 4-0179 5-0167 4-0260 3-046 5-0125 1-059 4-0131 6-029 6-030 4-0132 4-0133 5-0217 4-0262 4-0261 594 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Station File number Turlock (Southern Pacific Co.) Tustin (Central Lemon Association) __ Tustin (Shaffer) Tustin (Southern Pacific Co.) Twin Cities T Twin Lakes Park Twin Valley Two Canyon Ranch Udel Ranch University (Southern Pacific Co.) Upland No. 1 Upland No. 2 Upland No. 3 Upper East Fork Upper Holcomb Upper Lake No. 1 Upper Lake No. 2 Upper Lytle Creek Upper Mill Creek Upper San Leandro Filters Upper Toll Gate Upper Tres Pinos Vacaville (near) Vallecito Valleci to (near) Valleton (near) Valley Springs No. 1 Vaughn Ranch Venedo (near) Venice Ventura County Water District No. 1 Victor (Clancy Ranch) Viej as Vista Vignola Ranch Vina Vinton VoJlmers Wabash Walnut Creek No. 1 Walnut Creek (near) Warner Ranch House Warner Springs Wasioja Watsonville (near) Watson ville Junction Wawona Wawona No. 2 Weitchpec Weldon Wells Meadow Werner Ranch West Big Pine Lookout West Branch Soquel Creek Westhaven West Palmdale West Portal Camp Wheatland Wheatland (near) Wheeler Springs (near No. 1) Wheeler Springs (near No. 2) Wheeler Springs (near No. 3) Whitewater Canyon Stanislaus Orange Orange Orange Sacramento Los Angeles Lake Los Angeles Solano Los Angeles San Bernardino San Bernardino San Bernardino Los Angeles San Bernardino Lake Lake San Bernardino San Bernardino Alameda San Bernardino San Benito Solano San Diego San Diego Monterey Calaveras Los Angeles Sonoma Los Angeles Ventura San Joaquin San Diego Madera Tehama Plumas Shasta Los Angeles Contra Costa __ Contra Costa __ San Diego San Diego Santa Barbara. Santa Cruz Santa Cruz Mariposa Mariposa Humboldt Kern Inyo Placer Santa Barbara _ Santa Cruz Fresno Los Angeles Mono Sutter Yuba Ventura Ventura Ventura Riverside 5-0194 4-0180 4-0181 4-0182 5-0157 4-0134 5-0102 4-0135 5-0189 4-0136 4-0263 4-0264 4-0265 4-0137 6-065 5-0103 5-0104 4-0266 4-0267 2-013 4-0268 3-047 5-0190 4-0347 4-0348 3-031 5-023 4-0138 1-054 4-0139 4-0387 5-0168 4-0349 5-0111 5-0205 5-0150 5-0181 4-0140 2-023 2-022 4-0350 4-0351 3-0108 3-0137 3-0138 5-0117 5-0118 1-015 5-088 6-004 5-0141 3-0109 3-0139 5-069 6-023 6-028 5-0199 5-0233 4-0388 4-0389 4-0390 7-013 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 595 APPENDIX B-TABLE 2-Continued ALPHABETICAL LIST OF PRECIPITATION STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA WITH RECORDS OF LESS THAN 10 YEARS Whitewater Ranch Whittier News Wilkins Slough Williams Airport Willits Willits No. 2 Willits (near No. 3) Willits (near No. 4) Willotta Ranch (Reclamation) Willotta Ranch (Viti) Willow Creek Wilmington (Southern Pacific Co.) Winchester Windy Springs Winetka Valley Winters Winters (near) Wirebridge Witch Creek Yorkville Yreka (Pyle) Yuba City Yucca Grove Zenia Riverside Los Angeles Colusa Colusa Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Mendocino Solano Solano San Luis Obispo Los Angeles Riverside Tulare San Diego Yolo Yolo Placer San Diego Mendocino Siskiyou Sutter San Bernardino. Trinity 7-014 4-0141 5-029 5-030 1-030 1-031 1-032 1-033 2-068 2-069 3-086 4-0142 4-0203 5-0218 4-0352 5-0229 5-0230 5-0142 4-0353 1-034 5-0186 5-0200 6-066 1-060 APPENDIX C DESCRIPTION OF DRAINAGE BASINS TABLE OF CONTENTS Table Page 1. Description of Drainage Basins, North Coastal Area 599 2. Description of Drainage Basins, San Francisco Bay Area 602 3. Description of Drainage Basins, Central Coastal Area 604 4. Description of Drainage Basins, South Coastal Area 606 5. Description of Drainage Basins, Central Valley Area 609 6. Description of Drainage Basins, Lahontan Area 613 7. 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CO bfi in & \3 3 CDV- 1 -- a tf a -3 to •3 'Si c CO pq u > a a B X 3 CO 3 co .2- a O 3 3 CD PL, CO at u > J3 Ol r3 CD O 03 O CD N +i •a O >> 3 O O o -3 3 *o O 3 pq a 3 pH CD Q CD > 3 CD > CN a o bfi 3 co CO B o 'a co co 0) pt a 3 o & 01 CD o 3 o ■* a 3 o S-H bfi O O O 10 03 s B O +s 3 bfl .2 a J- 3 CD O a i-i a 3 O h bO 3 CD CO B o "a co 3 CO u CD > •pH o -3 3 O "o O CX) o APPENDIX D GROUND-WATER STORAGE CAPACITY OF THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY, CALIFORNIA SUMMARY STATEMENT By J. F. Poland, G. H. Davis, F. H. Olmsted, and Fred Kunkel GROUND WATER BRANCH WATER RESOURCES DIVISION UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY November, 1949 21 — 27922 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Letter of transmittal 619 Purpose and scope of the investigation 621 General features of the valley 622 Estimate of storage capacity 622 Collection of well logs and location of wells 622 Peg model 623 Selection of depth zones 623 Classification of materials in drillers' logs 624 Assignment of specific yield values 624 Subdivision of the valley into storage units 625 Computation of storage capacity 626 Summary of results 627 Plate 1. Map of the Sacramento Valley, Calif., showing ground- water storage units 620 (618) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Geological Survey Ground Water Branch, 2520 Marconi Avenue Sacramento 15, California December 30, 1949 Mr. Edward Hyatt, State Engineer Division of Water Resources P. 0. Box 1079, Sacramento, California Attention : Mr. P. H. Van Etten Dear Sir : Transmitted herewith is the summary statement on the ' ' Ground- water storage capacity of the Sacramento Valley, California, ' ' which has been prepared by the Geological Survey as a product of the pro- gram of cooperative ground-water investigation with the California Divi- sion of Water Resources. This summary has been approved by the Director of the Geological Survey for publication as an appendix to Bulletin 1 of the Division of Water Resources on the ' ' California Water Plan. ' ' The title page is set up in a form satisfactory to the Geological Sur- vey. If the Division of Water Resources desires an organization chart to accompany this appendix, this office will supply one. However, the ap- pendix is short, and it would seem that the organization charts could be dispensed with. The suggested title page is essentially similar to that for Appendix E of your Bulletin 29 (p. 635) . We would appreciate receiving- advice on any modifications of the suggested title page. Will you please return the uncorrected copy of this summary state- ment which was given to Mr. Simpson for temporary reference. If you desire a duplicate copy for reference, we will be glad to make necessary corrections and return it subsequently. The text of a brief report on the ' ' Geology and ground-water storage capacity of the Sutter Yuba area ' ' is now being prepared as a proposed appendix to the divisions ' Sutter- Yuba report. Subsequently we will com- plete the text for the full report on the ' ' Geology and ground-water stor- age capacity of the Sacramento Valley, California. " It is understood that the latter report probably will be published as a separate bulletin and will include the Sacramento Valley well logs assembled and located by the Geological Survey, the Division of Water Resources, and other agencies. Very truly yours, (Signed) Joseph F. Poland District Geologist (619) 620 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PLATE 40' 00' 391 00' JO 12 2* 00' EXPLANATION Township corner Boundary of ground-water storoae area Boundary of valley olluvium Ground-water storage unit A River flood -plain and channel deposits B Low alluvial- plain and alluvial -fan deposits C Dissected alluvial deposits D Basin deposits 8 12 16 20 Miles 121* 00' T .40 00 -30' T 15 N. 39" 00' T5N T.IOM T5N. R I W R I E i2roo' MAP OF THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY, CALIFORNIA, SHOWING GROUND -WATER STORAGE UNITS GROUND-WATER STORAGE CAPACITY OF THE SACRAMENTO VALLEY, CALIFORNIA By J. F. Poland, G. H. Davis, F. H. Olmsted and Fred Kunkel Purpose and scope of the investigation In March, 1948, a cooperative agreement was made by the Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, and the Division of Water Resources, Department of Public Works, State of California, providing for an investigation of geologic features of ground-water basins in California. At the request of the Division of Water Resources, the first activity of the Geological Survey has been to make an estimate of the total ground- water storage capacity of the near-surface water-bearing deposits in the Sacramento Valley. This valley has a surplus water supply — that is, there is more surface and ground water jointly available than is now used or than will be used in the valley in the future. The State desires to know the order of magnitude of the ground-water storage volume to assist in estimating the magnitude of the surplus. The investigation summarized here relates to total ground-water storage capacity to a depth of 200 feet below the land surface. No attempt has been made to estimate usable storage capacity 1 because such an estimate would require detailed investigation of geologic and ground- water conditions far beyond the scope of and funds available for the present study. However, the work accomplished to date is a necessary first step in an estimate of usable storage capacity. Accordingly, there would be no duplication of effort if the more refined estimate of usable storage capacity should be undertaken at a later date. The area included in the estimate of storage capacity is shown on Plate 1. It extends southward from Red Bluff beyond Sacramento, termi- nating at the Cosumnes River on the southeast, and at the northern edge of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta on the south. In addition to the estimate of underground storage capacity, the full report now in preparation will include a section on geology, describ- ing the water-bearing deposits of the valley with respect to physical and hydrologic character, thickness, distribution, and structural features. The investigation is being made under the general direction of A. N. Say re, geologist in charge of the Ground Water Branch, and under the immediate direction of J. F. Poland, District Geologist for California. The field work and interpretation have been carried on almost wholly by George H. Davis, Fred Kunkel, and Franklin H. Olmsted. 1 Usable storage capacity is that reservoir capacity that can be shown to be eco- nomically capable of being dewatered during periods of deficient surface supply and capable of being resaturated, either naturally or artificially, during periods of excess surface supply. Obviously it must contain usable water, which may be defined as that having a satisfactory quality for irrigation and occurring in sufficient quantity in the underground reservoir to be available without uneconomic yield or drawdown. (621) 622 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA GENERAL FEATURES OF THE VALLEY The Sacramento Valley is the northern part of the Great Central Valley of California, lying between the northern Coast Ranges on the west and the Sierra Nevada-Cascade mountain systems on the east and north. The principal stream is the Sacramento River, which flows gener- ally south from Red Bluff to Suisun Bay — 150 miles by air but some 240 miles by river. The valley has a maximum width of about 45 miles near its center, and an over-all extent of about 5,000 square miles. It occupies the central part of the Sacramento River drainage basin, which has an area of 26,150 square miles — about one-sixth of the area of California. The valley surface is a nearly flat to gently undulating plain sloping from an altitude of about 300 feet near Red Bluff to sea level at Suisun Bay. The Sutter Buttes, which are erosional remnants of an old volcano, rise to an altitude of 2,132 feet near the center of the valley. The surface of the Sacramento Valley is immediately underlain by unconsolidated alluvial deposits of Quaternary age, which comprise nearly all the water-bearing materials considered in this investigation. The Quaternary and underlying older sediments have accumulated in the Great Valley trough during and since the Cretaceous period. All the Quaternary deposits and most of the late Tertiary (Pliocene) deposits are gravel, sand, silt, and clay washed in by streams from the surrounding hills and mountains. The alluvial deposits of the valley are saturated with ground water to shallow depths. During the summers of 1912 and 1913 — two dry years — the depth of water in more than 80 percent of the valley was less than 25 feet. 1 At that time about 41,000 acres of land was irrigated with ground water. By 1929, the area irrigated by water pumped from wells had increased to about 203,000 acres. 2 However, the depth of ground water had not changed appreciably from 1912. (See pi. F-2 of Bull. 26.) Although irrigation by ground water has increased substantially since 1929, the water table still is less than 25 feet below the land surface beneath nearly all the basin lands and the river flood plains. (For defini- tion and location, see pp. 625 to 626 and pi. 1.) Beneath a large part of the low alluvial plains and the dissected alluvial uplands, the water level now is from 25 to 50 feet below the surface. Only locally near the valley margins is the level more than 50 feet below the surface. In general the recharge to ground water is along the flanks of the valley from stream flow and penetration of rainfall and irrigation water. Movement is toward the Sacramento River which, in the reach north of the Sutter Buttes, receives a substantial part of its flow from ground- water discharge. ESTIAAATES OF STORAGE CAPACITY Collection of Well logs and Location of Wells Most of the information on ground-water storage capacity of the Sacramento Valley was derived from well logs obtained from water- well drillers. During the course of the current investigation, logs for approxi- mately 6,000 wells were assembled by the Geological Survey. Most of the 1 Bryan, Kirk, Geology and ground-water resources of Sacramento Valley, Cali- fornia : U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 495, p. 82 and pi. 2, 1923. 2 Edmonston, A. D., and others, Sacramento River Basin : California Dept. Public Works, Div. Water Resources Bull. 26, p. 535 and pi. F-2, 1931. WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA ()2:{ records assembled are recent data collected from well drillers by the Geological Survey and cooperating agencies, bnt some material was obtained from publications of the Geological Survey, the California Division of Water Resources, and the California Division of Mines. Of the 6,000 well logs assembled by the Geological Survey, about 3,600 were collected by the survey, 2,000 by the Bureau of Reclamation, and 400 by the California Division of Water Resources. About 4,800 of these logs were located in the field : 3,200 by the Geological Survey, 900 by the Bureau of Reclamation, and 700 by the California Division of Water Resources in connection with their investigation in the Sutter-Yuba area. In the drillers' logs, gravel, sand, clay, and volcanic rocks are usually distinguished, and the more complete logs mention the color, coarseness, hardness, degree of cementation, and other easily identifiable character- istics of the sediments. In interpreting these logs, it must be remembered that different drillers attach different meanings to the various terms used for identifying sediments. Peg Model A peg model of the Sacramento Valley, based on drillers' logs, was constructed to help in recognition of hydrologic units and geologic fea- tures. Each well log was represented by a wooden peg a quarter of an inch in diameter, mounted on a base map of the valley. A vertical scale of 50 feet to the inch and a horizontal scale of 4,000 feet to the inch were used on the model. Eight major lithologic types were recognized, and each was distinguished by a different color on the pegs. Three datum planes, the land-surface altitude as interpolated from topographic sheets, sea level, and 1,000 feet below sea level, were marked on each peg. Each peg in its respective location was set in a hole bored in a wooden table so that the top of the table represented 1,000 feet below sea level. At the scale used for the base map (4,000 feet to the inch) it was neither practical nor efficient to attempt to utilize all the well logs. There- fore, in places where wells were closely spaced, it was decided to select the deeper logs and not to make pegs for logs of wells closer to each other than about 1,500 feet. With this selection, about 3,000 well logs were utilized in the model. These same logs were used for the estimates of specific yield and storage capacity described beyond. To estimate the storage capacity of the valley, it was necessary to subdivide the near-surface sediments into hydrologic units. The peg model has been of great value in making this subdivision. In addition, much was learned from the peg model about such geologic information as con- tinuity of sand and gravel strata, depth to bedrock, and the extent and position of volcanic flows and of buried gravels of ancient stream courses. Selection of Depth Zones At the request of the California Division of Water Resources, the storage capacity of the water-bearing deposits of the Sacramento Valley has been estimated for three depth zones : 20 to 50 feet, 50 to 100 feet, and 100 to 200 feet below the land surface. The only exception to this three- zone treatment was for the area south of Marysville between the flood- plain deposits of the Sacramento River on the west and the channel of the Feather River on the east. The California Division of Water Resources reports that water of poor quality exists there at relatively shallow depths and that it is not generally practicable to draw down the water level to 624 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA more than 100 feet below the land surface because of saline intrusion from beneath. Accordingly, in that area storage capacity was estimated only for the deposits in the top 100 feet (the upper and middle zones) . It is believed that for most of the valley it would not be practicable to store water in the deposits less than 20 feet below the surface, even where they are permeable. Also, for economic reasons, it is considered that unwatering extensively to depths greather than 200 feet is a very remote possibility in the Sacramento Valley. For the near future, drawdown of water levels in the valley probably will not extend below the 100-foot depth. However, it is wholly likely that, with more complete integration of surface and ground water supplies and with increase in demand, water levels in the better ground reservoirs will be drawn down into the second hundred feet within the next two decades. Classification of Materials in Drillers' Logs In order to estimate the storage capacity of the water-bearing deposits it was necessary to classify the materials in the drillers' logs into a few groups to which arbitrary specific yield values could be as- signed. Although many of the logs reported only gravel, sand, or "clay" (actually silt in most places), or gradations between these primary units, other logs reported as many as 10 to 20 different types of material. After a review of the many types of material described, it was decided to group the materials logged in five general classes, namely: (1) Gravel; (2) sand, including sand and gravel, and gravel and sand; (3) tight sand, hard sand, or sandstone, with which were combined 26 different drillers ' terms covering material with more or less similar hydrologic properties ; (4) cemented gravel, or clay and gravel, which embraced 19 additional drillers' terms; and (5) "clay," which included 19 different types of material ranging from silt through clay to shale, and included lava. To obtain a reasonable geographic distribution of logs, the same well logs previously selected for the peg model on the basis of depth and repre- sentative geographic distribution also were utilized for the classification of materials. Thus, for approximately 3,000 well logs, materials were classified in the five general classes described above. Assignment of Specific Yield Values It was not feasible to make an extensive field investigation to deter- mine the specific yield of the different types of water-bearing materials in the Sacramento Valley. Therefore, it was necessary to assign an esti- mated specific yield value to each of the five general categories of mate- rial on the basis of available data. Only two intensive field studies have been undertaken in California to determine the specific yield of water-bearing materials. The most ex- tensive of these was the study by Eckis * of the water-holding capacity of the sediments in the South Coastal Basin of the Los Angeles area. In this appraisal, several hundred samples of typical gravels, sands, and clays of the South Coastal Basin were taken from surface exposures or from borings, and about 2,000 samples were collected from wells during drilling. Porosities were determined for the samples taken in place and for those taken from wells. Specific retention was determined by several 1 Eckis, Rollin, South Coastal Basin investigation, geology and ground-water stor- age capacity of valley fill : California Dept. Public Works, Water Resources Div. Bull. 45, 273 pp., 1934. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 625 methods on materials ranging from gravel to clay. Specific yield was obtained as the difference between porosity and specific retention. 1 In the Mokelnmne investigation two methods were used to determine specific yield. 2 In the first method, the volume of material saturated and unwatered by alternate addition and withdrawal of measured volumes of water from columns of undisturbed soil was determined for materials from 13 localities. This is a direct volumetric method for determining specific yield. In the second method the difference between the porosity and the specific retention of samples of undisturbed material was deter- mined on 16 samples in duplicate after drainage for periods as long as 390 days. This is an indirect method similar to those employed by Eckis. On the basis of the results obtained in these two investigations, together with specific-yield data from less detailed studies by others, the following specific-yield values were assigned to the five groups of material classified in the well logs of the Sacramento Valley : Specific yield Material (percent) Gravel -, 25 Sand, including sand and gravel, and gravel and sand 20 Fine sand, hard sand, tight sand, sandstone, and related deposits 10 Clay and gravel, gravel and clay, cemented gravel, and related deposits^. 5 "Clay," silt, sandy clay, lava rock, and related fine-grained deposits 3 Subdivision of the Volley Into Storage Units For the purpose of estimating underground storage capacity, the Sacramento Valley was divided roughly into four storage groups and these in turn were subdivided into a total of 29 storage units, as shown on Plate 1. The subdivision into groups and into the smaller storage units was first made areally from physiography and soils ; that is, from what can be seen at the land surface ; then the boundaries of the units were modified on the basis of the subsurface geology to a depth of 200 feet, as shown by the peg model. In the modification, special emphasis was placed on the hydrologic character of the sediments and the continuity of water- bearing beds in the top 100 feet (the upper and middle zones). This was done for three reasons. First, it is believed that the storage units should be representative for the depth range most widely subject to unwatering or resaturation under present conditions or under mod- erately increased utilization to be anticipated in the near future. Second, for nearly all the storage units in the valley except the basin deposits, the specific yield is greater above the 100-foot depth than below it. Lastly, with reference to natural or artificial recharge at or near the land sur- face, the distribution of water-bearing beds in the near-surface deposits is of primary importance. In this respect, the coarse gravel tongues or blankets that are so well defined at shallow depths beneath the channels of Cache Creek (Al), and the Feather River (A5), are especially note- worthy. 1 The porosity of a rock or soil is its property of containing interstices or voids. It is expressed quantitatively as the percentage of the total volume of the rock that is occupied by interstices or that is not occupied by solid rock material. The specific yield of a rock is the ratio of (1) the volume of water which, after being saturated, it will yield by gravity to (2) its own volume. The specific retention of a rock is the ratio of (1) the volume of water which, after being saturated, it will retain against the pull of gravity to (2) its own volume. 2 Piper, A. M., Gale, H. S., Thomas, H. E., and Robinson, T. W., Geology and ground water hydrology of the Mokelumne area, California : U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 780, pp. 101-122, 1939. 626 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA In the table summarizing the ground water storage capacity of tiie valley the 29 storage units have been assembled within the four groups. Each group has certain common physiographic and geologic characteris- tics which are sufficiently different from those of the other groups to justify this classification. Briefly summarized, the groups are: A. River flood-plain and channel deposits, identified at the land surface as low ridges. These deposits contain a high proportion of sand and gravel deposited by the larger streams in the valley. Nearly all this material has been laid down adjacent to present or old stream courses in times of flood, as a result of channel filling and natural levee construc- tion. Alluvial-fan deposits such as the Stony Creek fan (Bll), or Chico Creek fan (BIO), are not included in this category. In general, the river flood-plain and channel deposits have the highest specific yield of the four groups in all three depth zones. B. Low alluvial- plain and alluvial-fan deposits, which appear on the surface as undissected or slightly dissected plains having gentle slopes. The deposits vary greatly from place to place in physical char- acter, continuity of water-bearing beds, and hydrologic properties. Per- meability and specific yield are higher than for the dissected alluvial and the basin deposits, but not so high as for the river flood-plain and channel deposits except in the upper depth zone of the Chico Creek fan (storage unit BIO), Stony Creek fan (Bll), and the low plains south of the American River (B2). C. Dissected alluvial deposits, characterized in general at the land surface by dissected plains with moderate slopes. The dissected alluvial deposits are variable in water-bearing character, probably even more so than the deposits beneath the low alluvial plans ( group B ) . Average specific yields are lower than for the low plains, particularly in the upper depth zone, except in the area around Corning (C8), in the northwestern part of the valley, where the upper zone has a comparatively high specific yield. D. Basin deposits, which on the surface are low-lying, nearly flat, poorly drained lands. The basins lie between the natural levees of the Sacramento River and the low plains at the sides of the valley, and they extend from near Chico to the American River on the east and from near Willows to the delta and the Montezuma Hills on the west. The basin deposits have a high proportion of clay and silt accumulated at times of overflow of the Sacramento River and its tributaries. The permeability and specific yield of the deposits are low. Computation of Storage Capacity Computation of the ground-water storage capacity of the Sacra- mento Valley involved the following steps : 1. The valley deposits were divided areally into four storage groups and these were subdivided into 29 storage units. 2. For each of the 29 units the area within each township or portion of a township included was measured to the nearest 10 acres with a scale or planimeter. The township or part of a township became the basic subunit for computation of storage capacity. 3. For each of three depth zones under consideration (20-50, 50-100, and 100-200 feet below land surface), logged material in selected wells WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 627 in each basic subunit was classified into five categories of material. An arbitrary specific yield was assigned to each category. 4. Using these arbitrarily assigned specific-yield values, the average specific yield was computed for each depth zone in each basic subunit. 5. The storage capacity (to the nearest 100 acre-feet) in each sub- unit was obtained as the product of average specific yield times volume of sediments in the depth zone. 6. Storage capacity for each storage unit was obtained as the sum of storage in all the subuiiits. These were then totaled by groups to give the estimated ground-water storage capacity for the Sacramento Valley. Several modifications of this procedure were employed, depending on local problems. For example, if there was an insufficient number of wells or reliable sampling within any one township (basic unit), wells from one or more adjacent townships were included and the resultant specific-yield values used for all the townships so treated. In a few instances, for example, the American Basin (D2), wells were so few that all logged wells within the area were utilized to obtain the average specific yields of the three zones. Summary of Resulfs The following table (p. 628) summarizes the estimated ground- water storage capacity of the Sacramento Valley for the four storage groups. This summary is followed by a tabulation of storage capacity for each of the 29 storage units, listed by groups. The summary for the entire valley by storage groups (p. 628) first gives total storage capacities for all deposits, including those beneath the basin lands. The totals are then given with the storage capacity of the basin deposits eliminated. There are several reasons for omitting the storage capacity of these deposits from consideration. First, the land- surface altitude in the basins is lower than that of all the surrounding lands and the water table is close to the land surface. Second, the deposits in the Sutter and Colusa Basins and in the Butte Creek lowland are relatively impermeable in all three depth zones, and those in the Yolo and American Basins in the top two depth zones. Therefore, well yields would be low and it would be difficult to lower the water levels by pump- ing. Because of low well yields and the availability of surface water, it is ordinarily more economical to use surface water than ground water for irrigation of the basin lands. Excluding the basin storage, the estimated ground-water storage capacity for the Sacramento Valley between limits of 20 and 200 feet below the land surface is about 28,200,000 acre-feet. About half of this storage is in the deposits 20 to 100 feet below the surface. As discussed previously (p. 621), how much of this ground-water storage capacity is usable is not known. 628 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA C£ U < < > S < u < ik O >■ H U < a. < u ui O S o «/> K UI I- I Q Z 3 o a O < i- o < s © Of) od 03 **h o o o o o © o o o o o © o o o o © i— < ^^ 5 CD o" o" ©" o" o" +» OS OS Tf 00 © CO CD »§ O HOlTf t^ 0) 0) fl ^ © 00 Tt< lO co" 9 o i— 1 i— 1 co N O _< CN ^S ,~^ CO CO CN ■<* I— 1 CM W +J Specifi yield (percen OS 1^ CO »0 t^ r- ( 8. "5 03 o © o © © © +3 5 8 ©" ©" © ©" o" 0) © os t» © © co S§ tv O) N H IO o -* co" of co" t^." o 1— 1 Oq i O O i— i CJ +? 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The only sustained summer flow of most tributaries comes from numerous mountain lakes fed by melting snow. Northern tributaries have greater sustained flow than those in the south, but the former are nevertheless subject to major fluctuations. Flow of the river varies greatly from year to year. At Lees Ferry, the seasonal measured runoff has varied from about 4,377,000 to more than .19,190,000 acre-feet. Flows of tribu- tary streams, especially those of the Lower Basin, have even greater variations. Records of the runoff of the Colorado River and its tributaries are presently being obtained at some 350 gaging stations generally dis- tributed throughout the basin. A few of these are listed in the following tabulation, "Selected Gaging Stations, Colorado River Basin." The records obtained at these stations were the principal ones used in esti- mating the natural run-offs presented in the appendix. Natural Flow of Colorado River at Lee Ferry Natural flow of Colorado River at Lee Ferry has been estimated for the 44-year period from 1904-05 to 1947-48. This period is believed to encompass a complete cycle covering a wet and dry series of years, and it is further believed that the runoff of the Basin during this period is representative of the long-time average. SELECTED GAGING STATIONS Colorado River Basin Map Period No. Station and location of record 1 Colorado River near Cisco, Utah 1914-1917 1922-1948 2 Colorado River at Lees Ferry, Arizona 1921-1948 3 Colorado River at Yuma, Arizona 1902-1948 4 Green River at Green River, Utah 1894-1899 1904-1948 5 San Juan River near Bluff, Utah 1914-1917 1927-1948 6 Paria River at Lees Ferry, Arizona 1923-1948 7 Little Colorado River at Grand Falls, Arizona 1925-1948 8 Virgin River at Littlefield, Arizona 1929-1948 9 Gila River at Kelvin, Arizona 1911-1948 10 Gila River below Gillespie Dam, Arizona 1921-1948 11 Gila River near Dome, Arizona 1903-1948 12 Santa Cruz River at Tucson, Arizona 1905-1948 13 Salt River at Granite Reef Dam, Arizona 1913-1948 14 Agua Fria River at Lake Pleasant Dam, Arizona 1910-1924 1933-1948 15 Hasayampa River near Morristown, Arizona 1938-1948 Natural flow of Colorado River at Lee Ferry is considered to be the sum of the following quantities : 1. Recorded flow at Lees Ferry, the stream gaging station on the Colorado just above the mouth of Paria River, and about one mile above Lee Ferry. 2. Recorded flow of Paria River. 3. Irrigation and domestic consumption in the Upper Basin. 4. Trans-mountain diversions to areas outside the Colorado River Basin from Green River above Green River, Utah, and from Colorado River above Cisco, Utah. 5. Annual gain or loss in storage of Strawberry Reservoir in the Green River Basin. WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 641 A record of flow of the Colorado at Lees Ferry is available from 1921-22 to 1947-48, and of Paria River from 1923-24*to 1947-48. Natural flow of the Colorado at Lee Ferry for the period prior to record was estimated by correlation between natural flow at that point for the period of record, and natural flow at three upper stations on the river and its tributaries having- longer records. These upper stations are on San Juan River near Bluff, Utah, on Colorado River near Cisco, Utah, and on Green River near Green River, Utah, and essentially measure total flow in the Upper Basin. The amount and rate of increase of irrigated acreage in the Upper Colorado River Basin were determined from federal census data, and from reports of the State Engineer of Colorado. Census data are pub- lished separately for each state and county, and for each stream basin within states. Total irrigated acreage within each stream basin is avail- able for 1919, 1929, and 1939, and data segregated by counties are available for 1899 and 1909. Irrigated acreages for 1899 and 1909 were estimated by applying a ratio to county census totals. This ratio was obtained by comparing the sum of county totals for all counties wholly or partially in a given drainage basin, with the total for the drainage basin as given by the census for 1939, as more complete information was avail- able from this census. Although complete information on the amount of irrigated acreage in the Upper Basin since 1939 was not available, trends were projected based on information available from state agencies. Total consumptive use of water resulting from irrigation in the Upper Basin was estimated by applying estimated seasonal consumptive use values, derived from data contained in the report of the Engineering Advisory Committee of the Upper Basin Compact Commission, 1949, to determined irrigated acreages. The quantity of water exported from the Colorado River Basin by 15 trans-mountain diversions was determined from records or estimates of each diversion. Three of these trans-mountain diversions are in the basin of Green River above Green River, Utah, and 12 are in the basin of Colorado River above Cisco, Utah. The diversions considered are shown on page 642. Total exportation from the Upper Basin was estimated to be 160,000 acre-feet in 1947-48. There are other trans-mountain diversions from the Colorado River Basin above Lee Ferry, but information was not avail- able as to their time and amount. Since their aggregate amount is believed to be relatively small, no correction was made for these other diversions. A record was available of change of storage in Strawberry Reser- voir since the time of its construction in 1915 on Strawberry River, Utah, and the effect of such change was considered in computing natural flow at Lee Ferry. There are many other reservoirs in the Upper Basin of Colorado River, but for the most part of small capacity, aggregating about 800,000 acre-feet. However, no data were available on operation of these reservoirs, and no corrections were made for possible change in storage from season to season. It is believed that most of these upstream reservoirs were operated for regulation of runoff within the season, and that aggregate carry-over storage from one season to the next, which would affect estimates of seasonal natural runoff, was small. 642 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA TRANS-MOUNTAIN DIVERSIONS Map No. Name Diversion to Colorado River Above Gage Near Cisco, Utah 1 Grand River Ditch Cache La Poudre River South Platte River Basin 2 Eureka Ditch South Platte River 3 Colorado Big Thompson Tunnel Thompson River South Platte River Basin 4 Moffat Tunnel South Boulder Creek South Platte River Basin 5 Berthoud Pass Ditch Clear Creek South Platte River Basin 6 Williams River (or Jones Pass) Tunnel Clear Creek South Platte River Basin 7 Fremont Pass Ditch Arkansas River 8 Wurtz Ditch Arkansas River J) Ewing Ditch Arkansas River 10 Columbine Ditch Arkansas River 11 Busk-Ivanhoe Tunnel Arkansas River 12 Twin Lakes Tunnel Lake Creek Arkansas River Basin From Green River Above Gage at Green River, Utah 13 Daniels Creek Ditch Daniels Creek Bonneville Basin 14 Strawberry Tunnel Spanish Fork Bonneville Basin 15 San Pete Diversions Oak and Ephraim Creeks Bonneville Basin The average seasonal natural flow in Colordo River at Lee Ferry, the Compact division point, for the period from 1904-05 to 1947-48, was estimated on the foregoing bases to be 15,723,000 acre-feet. Estimated natural flow for each season for that period is presented in the table at the end of this appendix, "Estimated Seasonal Natural Runoff, Colo- rado River Basin. ' ' River Regulation and Diversions on the Main Colorado Below Lee Ferry The hydrologic regimen of the Colorado River Basin below Lee Ferry is complicated by several structures and diversions for irrigation and other uses. The principal structure on Colorado River, and the key to control and use of the main stream in the Lower Basin, is Hoover Dam. Lake Mead, the reservoir with storage capacity of over 32,000,000 acre- feet formed by the dam, regulates the variable flow of the river, which is released as required for domestic, municipal, industrial, and irrigation uses in the Lower Basin, and for electric power production. The reservoir also acts as a desilting basin, and to a great extent moderates periodic floods. A relatively small amount of water is pumped from Lake Mead and conveyed by pipe line to Henderson, Nevada, for municipal and industrial use, and water is also pumped for municipal use in Boulder City and adjacent areas. Davis Dam, on the Colorado 67 miles below Hoover Dam, creates a reservoir of 1,600,000 acre-foot storage capacity to regulate releases from Lake Mead for downstream uses, and for pro- duction of electric power. There are also five diversion dams on the Colorado, named in order below Davis Dam : Parker Dam, for the Metro- politan Water District of Southern California, creating a reservoir of WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA 64.5 716,000 acre-feet capacity ; Ileadgate Rock Dam, for the Colorado River Indian Reservation ; Imperial Dam, for the All-American Canal System and the Gila and Yuma projects; Laguna Dam, originally built for the Yuma Project, but no longer used therefor ; and Morelos Dam in Mexico. The Colorado River Aqueduct, constructed by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, is a large municipal diversion from Colorado River in the Lower Basin. Water is pumped into the aque- duct from Havasu Lake created by Parker Dam, and conveyed by gravity and additional pumping to areas in southern California. The Colorado River Indian Reservation Project in Arizona is the first major irrigation development downstream from Parker Dam. Irri- gation has been practiced on this reservation for about 75 years, first by gravity ditch diversions which later failed, then by pumping, and since June, 1942, by diversion at the Headgate Rock diversion dam. The Palo Verde Irrigation District lies along Colorado River in Riv- erside and Imperial Counties in California. Works have been constructed by the district to deliver water to 75,000 acres. Water rights of the dis- trict are based on the oldest filings of record on Colorado River in Cali- fornia, the first, dated July 17, 1877, being for 95,000 miners inches. The Gila Project of the United States Bureau of Reclamation is in the southwest corner of Arizona, and borders the east side of the Yuma Project. As originally conceived, the Gila Project contemplated irrigation of 585,000 acres. However, under the provisions of Public Law 272, Eightieth Congress, First Session, the Gila Project is limited to a total annual consumptive use of 600,000 acre-feet from Colorado River, and includes only 115,000 acres of irrigable land. The principal project diversion is through the Gila Gravity Main Canal, and amounted to 161,500 acre-feet in 1947-48. The North Gila Irrigation District, a por- tion of the Gila Project lying north of Gila River, now diverts at Laguna Dam, which was constructed in 1909 for the Yuma Project. This diver- sion, which has remained fairly constant for several years, was 40,740 acre-feet in 1947-48. The Yuma Project of the United Sates Bureau of Reclamation, in Yuma County, Arizona, and Imperial County, California, was one of the first federal reclamation developments on Colorado River. Settlement and irrigation of lands in Yuma Valley was begun by local interests in 1890, and the Yuma County Water Users Association, formed to contract with the Federal Government in connection with the Yuma Project, was incorporated in November, 1903. Construction of an irriga- tion system under the Reclamation Act was approved in 1904, and the first portion was completed in 1907. Diversions for the Yuma Project were made originally at Laguna Dam, but are now made at Imperial Dam and delivered to both Arizona and California lands through the All-American Canal. In 1948 there were 56,500 acres irrigated in the Yuma Project, including 7,940 acres in California. Annual diversions for the Yuma Project have been almost constant during recent years, and in 1947-48 amounted to 462,500 acre-feet. The Yuma Project has the right to 2,000 second-feet of diversion through the All- American Canal for irrigation and generation of power at Siphon Drop Power Plant, so long as the excess of such diversion over the irrigation requirements of the project is not required by the Imperial Irrigation District for irrigation and domestic purposes. 644 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA In 1876 the United States Corps of Engineers made a study of a proposal to bring water from Colorado River to Imperial Valley. The corps reported unfavorably on a canal location entirely within the United States, but, as others had done previously, called attention to the physical feasibility of carrying water from the Colorado to Imperial Valley along the natural drainage line through Mexico. The first important effort to do this was made by C. R. Rockwood and associates, who in 1892 organ- ized the Colorado River Irrigation Company. A canal was surveyed that would divert water north of the international boundary and carry it across the boundary to Alamo River, a natural channel draining back into California and finally into Salton Sea, which lies below sea level at the northern end of Imperial Valley. Notices of appropriation of water were posted starting in 1895 and continuing through 1900, each notice covering 10,000 second-feet for the irrigation of lands in California. Construction of a canal system was carried on between 1896 and 1902. Head of the main canal, known as the Alamo Canal, was at Hanlon about 500 feet north of the international boundary, where a wooden headgate was built. Water was delivered through this canal to lands in Mexico and in the vicinity of Calexico and Imperial in California in 1901. The original headgate was replaced in 1906 by a reinforced-concrete struc- ture, and in 1918 a new diversion structure was built 1,000 feet upstream. Up to 1940 all irrigated lands in Imperial Valley were served by this canal system. The Imperial Irrigation District was organized in 1911, and took over the canal system in 1916. The Boulder Canyon Project Act provided for construction by the United States of diversion works on the lower Colorado River, and a canal entirely within the United States, replacing the Alamo Canal, for delivery of water to Imperial and Coachella velleys. Imperial Dam on the Colorado was completed in 1938. Water deliveries were made through the canal to Imperial Valley in September of 1940. The branch to Coa- chella Valley was completed in 1949, and the Coachella Valley distribu- tion system is now under construction. The last delivery of water to lands in the United States from the Alamo Canal was made in February, 1942. In 1947-48 a total of about 3,000,000 acre-feet was diverted in the All- American Canal, as measured at Pilot Knob, for the Imperial Irrigation District and Coachella Valley County Water District. In formulation of the Colorado River Compact, and in later legis- lation enacted by the Congress implementing provisions of the compact as applied to the Lower Basin, it was recognized that allocation to Mexico of a portion of the waters from Colorado River might be made at some future date. This allocation was effected by a treaty between the United States and Mexico, signed on February 3, 1944, and later ratified by the two governments. This treaty provides that the United States will guarantee to Mexico a minimum of 1,500,000 acre-feet of water annually, the water to be delivered in accordance with schedules to be furnished in advance by the Mexican Section of the International Boundary and Water Commission. By terms of the treaty, whenever the United States Section of that commission decides that there is surplus water in the river, the United States will allocate to Mexico an additional 200,000 acre-feet, or up to an aggregate of not more than 1,700,000 acre-feet per year. Furthermore, Mexico may use any water reaching that country, but can acquire no right to any quantity beyond the minimum of 1,500,000 WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 645 acre-feet guaranteed by the treaty. This quantity, which may be made up of any waters of the Colorado from any and all sources, whether direct river flow, return flow, or seepage, will be delivered by the United States in the boundary portion of the river, except that until 1980 Mexico may receive 500,000 acre-feet annually, and after that year 375,000 acre-feet annually, through the All- American Canal as part of the guaranteed quantity. Davis Dam has been built by the United States to provide regulation of flow required to meet commitments of the Mexi- can treaty. The treaty provides that Mexico shall construct, at its expense, a main diversion structure below the point where the northernmost part of the international land boundary line intersects Colorado River. In complying with this provision, the Mexican Government has constructed Morelos Dam on Colorado River about five miles southwest of Yuma. Since February, 1942, all water delivered to the Alamo Canal through the Pilot Knob Wasteway of the All- American Canal, plus water diverted from the Colorado into the Alamo Canal, has been used in Mexico. For the major part of its length between Hoover Dam and Havasu Lake created by Parker Dam, the Colorado flows in well confined canyon sections where there is little opportunity for meandering. There is, how- ever, an exception to this general topography immediately upstream from Topock, where the river flows through an alluvial valley about 33 miles long and from two to five miles wide. In years past the river has mean- dered through this valley, with general aggradation of the valley floor. As a result, the river now spreads over almost the full width of the lower half of this valley, forming a swamp through which water flows in a number of small channels, with resulting heavy water losses. The United States Bureau of Reclamation has a channel rectification project under construction in this reach. Natural Flow of Colorado River Above Gila River Natural flow of Colorado River above Gila River was determined by deducting recorded flow of Gila River at Dome from that of Colorado River at Yuma, and correcting the resulting record for effects of upstream regulation, diversion, and irrigation consumptive uses on the main Colo- rado River and upstream tributaries. Records of flow of Colorado River at Yuma and of Gila River at Dome are available for the entire period from 1904-05 to 1947-48 used in the current study. Regulation, diversions, and irrigation consumptive uses in the Upper Basin of the Colorado were estimated as set forth in the discussion of the natural flow at Lee Ferry. Similarly, impairments to natural flow of the river in the Lower Basin were estimated by reaches above and below Hoover Dam. Irrigation diversions above Hoover Dam include those from the Virgin and Little Colorado Rivers, and Kanab Creek. Available records from the Bureau of Census were used to estimate annual irrigated acreage segregated by stream systems. These acreages were then multiplied by estimated unit values of seasonal consumptive use, which were computed separately for each stream system. Diversions from the Colorado below Hoover Dam are mainly for irrigation. Records are available covering practically the entire period during which these diversions have been made. Consumptive use was estimated for the few periods or diversions for which no records were 646 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA available. Where records were available a supplementary adjustment for irrigation diversions was made to compensate for return flows to the main stream from drainage systems of the various irrigation projects on the river. Evaporation losses at Lake Mead and Havasu Lake were computed from records of evaporation at Lake Mead furnished by the United States Bureau of Reclamation. The net effect of change in storage at Straw- berry Reservoir in the Upper Basin, and at Lake Mead and Havasu Lake, was computed from records of the United States Bureau of Recla- mation. Diversion from Lake Havasu by the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California is the only exportation from the Colorado River basin below Hoover Dam. The runoff record of the Colorado at Yuma was adjusted for the amount of this diversion, and adjustments were also made for the small supply furnished the Henderson area and Boulder City from Lake Mead. An estimate of depletions and accretions due to bank storage in Lake Mead was made by correlation of flows above and below Hoover Dam, over a period of years during which water surface elevation at Lake Mead was the same at the beginning as at the end of the period. Based upon the criteria and procedures as outlined, the average seasonal natural flow of Colorado River above Gila River for the period 1904-05 to 1947-48 is estimated at about 16,180,000 acre-feet. The esti- mated natural flow for each season m that period is presented in the table at the end of this appendix. Natural Flow of Colorado River at International Boundary The Colorado River Compact defines the "Colorado River System' 1 as "that portion of the Colorado River and its tributaries within the United States of America. ' ' The Gila River is a tributary of the Colorado River and the flow of that tributary is a part of the natural flow of the Colorado River System. The natural flow of the Colorado River at the International Boundary would be estimated by adding the natural flow of the Gila River at its mouth to the estimated natural flow of the Colo- rado River above the mouth of the Gila. However, since the natural flow of the Gila River System in the vicinity of Phoenix greatly exceeds the natural flow at the mouth of the Gila, a misleading result within the meaning of the Colorado River Compact might be reached by following the normal procedure. Thus it was deemed not pertinent for the purpose of this report to estimate the natural flow of the Gila River. Therefore, the natural flow of the Colorado River at the International Boundary was not estimated and incorporated in this appendix. • Gila River has been measured near Dome, Arizona, since 1903, and the records of runoff have been published by the United States Geo- logical Survey. The present gaging station is 12 miles above the mouth of Gila River. The recorded average seasonal flow at this station during the 22-year period from 1904-05 to 1925-26, inclusive, was 971,000 acre- feet, and for the 22-year period from 1926-27 to 1947-48, inclusive, was 90,000 acre-feet. In the earlier period the maximum seasonal runoff was 4,361,000 acre-feet in 1915-16, and the minimum was 64,920 acre-feet in 1924-25. In the more recent period the maximum seasonal runoff was 589,700 acre-feet in 1940-41. During this recent period no runoff occurred WATER RESOURCES OP CALIFORNIA 647 in nine seasons, and there were seven consecutive seasons without runoff following 1941. The large reduction in runoff during the second 22- year period is in part indicative of increased upstream diversions and water use. FLOOD FLOWS Prior to construction of Hoover Dam and creation of Lake Mead, destructive floods occurred on the lower Colorado River, inundating large areas. As has been stated, these flood flows at times reached peaks of 250,000 second-feet or more. Since 1935 when it began operation, Lake Mead has completely regulated all flood flows reaching it from the tribu- tary watershed. At times in the past Gila River has contributed destructive flood flows to the Colorado. Such floods were principally responsible for the inundation and severe damage in Imperial Valley in early years of this century, as described in Chapter X of this bulletin. However, reservoirs since constructed on the Gila or its tributaries have some regulating effect on flood flows of that stream. A flood control reservoir is proposed for construction on the Gila River at the "Painted Rock" site, 126 miles upstream from its mouth, which would regulate floods not now controlled by upstream reservoirs. As was previously stated in the section on ' ' Precipitation, ' ' summer thunderstorms are prevalent throughout the Colorado River Basin, some of which are of sufficient duration and intensity to produce locally destructive floods. QUALITY OF WATER Tributaries of the Colorado River at the higher elevations generally contribute water of good quality to the river. Soluble salts in quantities damaging to plant growth occur in some isolated tributaries, but become less harmful by mixture with larger streams of the system. Water of the main river, as is typical of most other western river systems, becomes progressively more saline as it moves downstream and receives return flows from irrigation and drainage from lands of the basin. However, water of Colorado River is of quality suitable for most irrigation uses downstream to the lowest diversion. SILT The silt problem is one of the most important of the several problems to be solved in connection with the development of Colorado River. The river in its natural state had an average silt content exceeded by only one or two rivers in the world. Daily tests of the water in the main canal of Imperial Irrigation District prior to the building of Hoover Dam showed, on several occasions, a silt content of as much as 30 percent by volume. For the entire month of August, 1930, these tests showed an average silt content of approximately 15 percent by volume. The high silt content of the water aggravated the flood problem in the lower river. Because of this fact, the location of Hoover Dam and the height to which it could be constructed were exceptionally favorable. About 95 percent of the river's silt originates above Hoover Dam. The great reservoir capacity created by the dam provides relief from the silt problem in the lower river for many years, and an opportunity to study and find a possible permanent solution for the problem. 648 WATER RESOURCES OF CALIFORNIA RECOMMENDATION FOR ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATION Attention is again called to various assumptions and incomplete data upon which the runoff figures presented herein are based. Results given are considered the best estimates that can be made with data now available. In this connection, the following recommendation made in "Views and Recommendations of the State of California on Proposed Report of Secretary of Interior entitled ' Colorado River ', ' ' which was issued in 1947 is cited : "It is recommended that additional investigation and studies on the Colorado River System be diligently prosecuted and reported on by the Department of the Interior and other federal agencies con- cerned, in cooperation with the states of the Basin, and that appro- priations be authorized in amounts adequate for that purpose ; and that, in particular, such investigations and studies include adequate coverage of (a) water supplies at point of use for individual proj- ects, on the basis of critical drought periods; (b) water require- ments of individual projects on the basis of consumptive use and not on the basis of main-stream depletion; (c) project and reservoir operations; (d) silt and its control and prevention; (e) present and future quality of water ; * # " Information developed from the investigations and studies recom- mended in the foregoing report could be utilized in further more accu- rate estimates of natural flow of the Colorado River Svstem. ESTIMATED SEASONAL NATURAL RUNOFF, COLORADO RIVER BASIN In Acre-feet Season Colorado River at Lee Ferry Colorado River above Gila River Season Colorado River at Lee Ferry Colorado River above Gila River 1904-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 1909-10.__- 10-11 11-12 ■ _ 12-13 13-14 1914-15 15-16 16-17 17-18 18-19 1919-20 20-21 21-22 22-23 23-24 1924-25 12,593,000 18,516,000 25,528,000 13,708,000 24,850,000 14,917,000 13,532,000 19,543,000 14,684,000 20,768,000 12,437,000 18,600,000 22,918,000 16,514,000 11,422,000 19,917,000 22,473,000 18,170,000 18,114,000 14,305,000 13,034,000 15,774,000 18,298,000 16,640,000 17,892,000 25,934,000 13,750,000 26,013,000 15,784,000 17,128,000 20,489,000 13,291,000 21,440,000 15,199,000 18,962,000 22,569,000 14,748,000 12,126,000 22,747,000 21,396,000 19,517,000 19,025,000 14,646,000 13,597,000 15,671,000 18,263,000 27-28 28-29_ 1929-30__ 30-31 31-32 32-33 33-34 1934-35 35-36 36-37 37-38 38-39 1939-40 40-41 41-42 42-43 43-44. _ 1944-45 45-46 46-47 1947-48 Averages -- 17,144,000 20,945,000 14,756,000 8,042,000 16,959,000 11,411,000 6,012,000 11,578,000 13,762,000 13,746,000 17,360,000 11,270,000 8,882,000 17,865,000 18,809,000 13,078,000 15,011,000 13,322,000 10,535,000 15,262,000 15,453,000 16,956,000 20,024,000 14,582,000 8,009,000 17,192,000 11,310,000 6,052,000 11,400,000 13,869,000 14,611,000 18,042,000 11,748,000 9,042,000 19,810,000 19,061,000 12,865,000 15,152,000 13,656,000 10,146,000 16,008,000 15,662,000 25-26 _ _ 26-27 15,723,000 16,182,000 27922 5-50 2M + 500 printed in California state printing office HHSf mm ■'■.:■'-. '''■.''.' IB ■•'• llSi 1 r ., .r ", .-., ■:■ ...'i=.-:r-:- .-J. EStiBL '.:■■•! Shi 11 llii ■■<-■■■■■•■;:■■■'.:■ ■'■.•■,'(■''■'•'■'•■ ft ■BBSS 5800 ' '' ! '..'-, 38S "Br m SSSffi 18$§§i '*§§S§ Jill ill "''■:■■■ WHH §111 H PLATE 1 STATE OF CALIFORNIA NUMEF CAL DESIGNATION OF DRAINAGE AREAS 2 NORTH CO STAL AREA 5 CENTRAL VALLEY AREA 2 SAN FRANi SCO BAY AREA /"v * I x - ■< Ai\ o 1.. / £\ btf * '♦>. "V \. ~\^ \ y~- fcXirf Y> £$*5 s^ ^=£3- s/~ /v R> <• - ? ~2!T ■#—<& *77-rh' /. JL*^*^-* 7<%lWr "X. O PLATE 2 OASTAL AREA 6 LAHONTAN AREA 7 COLORADO DESERT AREA LEGEND DRAINAGE BASINS AREA BOUNDARY AND NUMBER 6 — DRAINAGE BASIN BOUNDARY AND NUMBER "?' " SUB-BASIN BOUNDARY AND NUMBER " SUBDIVISION OF CENTRAL VALLEY (AREA NO.S) GAGING STATIONS LESS THAN 10 YEARS OF RECORD 10 TO 20 YEARS OF RECORD OVER 20 YEARS OF RECORD A VALLEY AND MESA LANDS MOUNTAIN AND FOOTHILL LANDS 1 V K. y -—A / *i» * V-: iSa t%S4pS M 'A tf> a r/ » /S A:. S* 5* i'A -jT-i / vfc* )-*-y? A % : V\. •/■«■ *A ■f- -■,. y?% 7 ^>* •} * v % x* A m #4 mm&m gs ■vv J£ ^v 1 *#. ; W ' A * Jfea -v---^- « sV k*A~ - v ■■&■ y^?: 2S ^ C m iWii >," fc ^ Zf^> S»—^r *° _-' •JJMSS f? 3$ i\>. T ,* r :; DRAINAGE BASINS AND PRINCIPAL STREAM GAGING STATIONS IN CALIFORNIA C SCALE OF MILES PLATE 3 >*>' RETURN TO the circulation desk of any University of California Library or to the NORTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY Bldg. 400, Richmond Field Station University of California Richmond, CA 94804-4698 ALL BOOKS MAY BE RECALLED AFTER 7 DAYS 2-month loans may be renewed by calling (415)642-6233 1-year loans may be recharged by bringing books to NRLF Renewals and recharges may be made 4 days prior to due date DUE AS STAMPED BELOW OCT 30-1988 OCT 26 2011 1 - -r— ««, *~" 111563 TD Californ ia. State 201 Water Re sources Board. C2 Bullet in. COLLATE (3 maps) no.l PH PHYSICAL SC SCIENCES U LIBRARY LI BR ARY • UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS 111563 . • , I 3 1 1 75 00457 Si I