LIBRARY /ersity ef California' IRVINE SCUDDEB. NORTH AMEEICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 17 5-3 m. THE NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI^ BY SAMUEL H. SCUDDER. Presented May 9, 1894 THE Ceuthophili are wingless Locustarians in which the tarsi are distinctly compressed rather than depressed, with no pulvilli,* the hind tibiae furnished on the outer margins above with spines of two distinct grades,f the fore femora without foramina or genicular spines, the hind femora with the angle of their insertion on the inner and not on the outer side beneath, and the antennae strongly approximated at base. They are all apterous. With the exception of the genus Troglophilus Krauss, with two species from European caverns, and the genus Talitropis Bol., with a single species from New Zealand, placed respectively at one and the other end of the series, they are known only from America ; and with the further exception of Heteromallus Brunner, with two species from Chili, they are all peculiar to the United States and Northern Mexico. Here they include six genera and sixty-seven species, the genus Ceuthophilus alone containing above fifty species. The larger proportion of them, if not all (excepting Udeopsylla nigrd), frequent dark places, such as burrows, pits, caverns, wells, hollow trees, and especially the crevices beneath fallen logs. They were first made known in this country by the descriptions of Haldeman, Girard, and Harris, and before their time only a single species from this country had been described, by Burmeister. Not a species of the group, even the European, was known to Serville. My first systematic paper, in 1861, was a study of " Rhaphidophora " (Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., VIII.) where seven of our species were * Brunner states that Gammarotettix has a single pulvillus on the first tarsal joint; but although the treading surface of this joint (as of the succeeding) is broad, I can find no indication of a true pulvillus. t This feature is obscure in Gammarotettix, where there are alternating longer and shorter spines of such slight inequality as easily to be overlooked, and which in the Table of Genera given below is ignored. VOL. xxx. (N. s. xxn ) 2 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. described or catalogued ; but their diversity was hardly fully recog- nized when in the following year I published my Materials for a Monograph of the li'orth American Orthoptera (Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., VII.), where eighteen species and five genera were characterized or indicated ; since then a few more species have been described, by Thomas, Brunner, Bruner, Packard, Walker, Blatchley, and myself, until now the number of nominal species is twenty-eight, which must, however, be reduced by synonymy and by reference to other genera to twenty. In 1888, Brunner, in his Monographie der Stenopelmatiden und Gyllacriden (Verb. Zool.-bot. Gesellsch. Wien), subjected all the spe- cies known to him to systematic treatment ; but as the larger part of our species and some of our genera were unknown to him, and the number of separately described species has multiplied so greatly while still not including, at least in Ceuthophilus, the half of our species, it has seemed desirable to undertake a revision of the group, so far as our native species are concerned, and in the genus Ceuthophilus to redescribe all the older forms, as well as to publish the novelties. Accordingly in the present paper thirty-eight additional species of the group are characterized, together with a new genus, while I shall further show the validity of Daihinia of Haldeman, which has been called in question by Brunner, and shall point out first that one of the genera thought to belong here should be separated as a member of a distinct group. The total number of genera from North America is therefore six, and of the species sixty-seven, while a number of other species are known to me imperfectly by a single sex or poor examples. TROPIDISCHIA SCUDDER. Tropidischia Scudd., Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vii. 440-441 (1862). in his Monograph of the Stenopelmatidae, Brunner von Wattenwyl, from the insufficient data given in my two statements regarding the structure of this creature, incorrectly surmised that this genus should be placed in the Ceuthophili, and was perhaps congeneric with Hetero- mallus, a Chilian genus. Since, however, the hind tibiae are supplied above with spines of one grade only, it is plainly more nearly related to the Dolichopodae, from which it may be distinguished by the simi- larly spined margins of the under surface. It seems to form a group apart, between the Dolichopodae and Ceuthophili, and of equivalent value. It appears to come nearer Hadenoecus and Dolichopoda than to any other described genera. SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 19 In addition to the characters mentioned above and those given in previous descriptions, I may add that all the legs are tetraquetrous, with all the margins spined, the spines similar in character and uni- formly crowded, excepting on the lower margins of the fore femora, the inner carina of which is sparsely spiued, the outer carina unarmed; also the lower margins of the middle femora, both carinae of which are sparsely spined on the apical half ; and the hind femora, the four carinae of which, even on the swollen portion, are armed excepting at the extreme base, though both the inferior carinae are rather sparsely spined. There are no spines on the genicular lobes of the femora, excepting a very slight one on the posterior side of the middle femora. There are but two pair of calcaria on the hind tibias, the upper the longer and less than half as long as the first tarsal joint. The hind tarsi are very strongly compressed, carinate beneath without pulvilli, about two fifths as long as the hind tibiae, the first joint nearly as long as the remaining joints together, the second and fourth joints of the same length and either of them three times as long as the third. Finally, the subgenital lamina of the male is ample, the hind margin entire, with minute styles, consisting of a single bluntly conical joint ; and the ovipositor is slender, gently arcuate, tapering and acuminate, unarmed at tip. TROPIDISCHIA XANTHOSTOMA. Rhaphidophora xanthostoma Scudd.!, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., viii. 12 (1861). Tropidischia xanthostoma Scudd.!, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vii. 441 (1862). Originally described from Crescent City, Cal. (A. Agassiz). I have since received both sexes from Mendocino, Cal., through the favor of Mr. J. Behrens. 20 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. TABLE OF THE GENERA OF CEUTHOPHILI. a 1 . Last palpal joint cleft apically on the under side. Descending lobes of the mesouotum but little longer than those of the pronotum ; sides of fore and middle coxae externally laminate, the lamination elevated to a denticle or compressed spine either mesially or (on middle legs) apically, occasionally (Hadenrecus) wanting on middle legs. Fore tibia? not sulcate above ; hind tibiae with spines of two grades on both outer and inner margins of upper surface. Outer valves of ovipositor unarmed above before the apex. b 1 . Palpi long. Hind tibiae usually considerably longer than the hind femora. Third hind tarsal joint only half or less than half as long as the second. c 1 . Vertex obscurely bituberculate at apex. Last palpal joint no longer or scarcely longer than the third, and cleft beneath only apically. Middle coxae unarmed. Middle femora with a feeble genicular spine on posterior margin. Hind tibiae with more than four pairs of spurs. First hind tarsal joint almost as long as the others together. Subgenital plate of male triangular and rather deeply and narrowly emarginate .... Hadencecus. c 2 . Vertex not tuberculate. Last palpal joint distinctly longer than the third, cleft beneath for almost its entire length. Middle coxse spined mesially. Middle femora with a distinct genicular spine on posterior margin. Hind tibiae with only four pairs of spurs. First hind tarsal joint generally a third shorter than the rest combined. Subgenital plate of male ample and broadly emarginate ,.., Ceuthophilus. Z> 2 . Palpi short. Hind tibiae shorter or at most but little longer than the hind femora. Third hind tarsal joint hardly shorter than the second, or (in Daihinia) wanting. (Lamination of middle coxae produced inferiorly to the semblance of a spine.) c 1 . Third palpal joint as long as fifth, the inferior cleft of the latter extending over only the apical half. Middle femora un- armed at tip or with a very feeble spine. Hind tibiae shorter or at least no longer than the hind femora, with few spines of the second grade on the upper surface, those of the first grade rela- tively numerous, at least in the 9 , more or less irregularly placed and of unequal length ; the calcana three in number on each side, the uppermost generally a little the longest and unusually distant from the extreme apex, so as to appear rather as an addi- SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 21 tional pair of spurs. Subgenital plate of male greatly produced and apically deeply fissured. d 1 . Descending lobes of mesonotum slightly longer than those of prouotum. Last tarsal joint very much shorter than the remaining joints together, the third joint normal, though but little shorter than the second. Subgenital plate of male ample, rather deeply and broadly emarginate, the sides extend- ing backwards as slender threads .... Phrixocnemis. d 2 . Descending lobes of mesonotum no longer than those of pronotum. Last tarsal joint about as long as the rest together ; third tarsal joint wanting (as also on fore legs). Subgenital plate of male immensely produced and so deeply fissured as to form two tapering ribbons Daihinia. c 2 . Third palpal joint shorter than the fifth, the inferior cleft of the latter extending its whole length. Middle femora with a genicular spine on posterior side. Hind tibia? slightly longer than the hind femora, with numerous spines of the second grade uniform in Ungth and pretty regularly separated; calcaria three in number on each side, the middle one much longer than the others. (First hind tarsal joint a third shorter than the rest combined.) Subgenital plate of male ample, apically bitu- berculate Udeopsylla. a 2 . (Vertex bituberculate. Palpi short), the last joint apically with no inferior cleft. Descending, lobes of mesonotum considerably longer than those of pronotum ; sides of fore and middle coxae neither cari- date nor spined. (Fore and middle femora unarmed.) Fore tibiae sulcate above ; hind tibiae (of the same length as the hind femora) with only one grade * of spines above on the lateral margins ; (calcaria two in number on each side, subequal and not long. Third hind tar- sal joint half as long as the second. Subgenital plate of male ample, apically broadly and not deeply emarginate) ; outer valves of oviposi- tor serrate above before the apex Gammarotettix. See introductory remarks. PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. HADENCECUS SCUDDER. ffadencecus Scudd., Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist, vii. 439-440 (1862) ; Brunn., Monogr. Stenop., 66 (1888). Table of the Species of ffadencecus. Body pale testaceous. Ovipositor nearly or quite as long as the body. Subgenital plate of $ broadly emarginate at apex. cavernarum. Body dark brown. Ovipositor only half as long as the body. Sub- genital plate of $ narrowly emarginate at apex . . puteanus. HADENCECCS CAVERNARUM. Phalangopsis sp. Thomps., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xiii. 113 (1844). Rhapidophora cavernarum Sauss., Ann. Soc. Entom. France (4), i. 492 (1860). Hadencecus cavernarum Scudd.!. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xii. 409 (1869); xix. 38 (1877) ; Boliv. , Ann. Soc. Ent. France (5), x. 72 (1880) ; Riley, Stand. Nat. Hist., ii. 1'84, fig. 260 (1884) ; Corast., Intr. Eut., 114 (1888); Blatchl., Proc. Ind. Acad. Sc., 1892, 153. Rhapidophora subterranea Scudd.!, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, viii. 8 (1861); Pack., Amer. Nat, v. 745, fig. 126 (1871) ; Cope, Ibid., vi. 409 (1872) ; Hubb., Amer. Ent, iii. 37 (1880). ffadencecus subterraneus Scudd.!, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vii. 441 (1862) ; Walk., Catal. Derm. Salt. Brit Mus., i. 201 (1869) ; Pack., Guide Ins., 565 (1869) ; Glover, 111. N. A. Ent., Orth., pi. 8, fig. 6 (1872) ; Cope-Pack., Amer. Nat., xv. 882 (1881) ; Brunn., Monogr. Stenop., 66, fig. 34 (1888); Pack., Mem. Nat. Acad. Sc., iv. 67-70, 83, 116, fig. 16, pi. 17, fig. 3 (1888) ; Id., Psyche, v. 198-199 (1889) ; Garm., Ibid., vi. 105, fig. (1891). Early notices of this insect by Telkampf will be found in Muller's Arch. Anat. Phys., 1844, 318, and Wiedemann's Arch. Naturg., 1844, 384; also by Schiodte in K. Danske Vid. Selsk. Skrift. 1849, 5 ; by Agassiz in Silliman's Amer. Journ. Sc., 1851, 127; and by Lesque- reux in the Actes Soc. Helv. Sc. Nat, 40 Sess., 52-53 (1855). I have studied specimens only from the Mammoth Cave, Ky. It is also reported by Packard from many other caves in the Mammoth Cave region, as Dixon's, White's, Salt, Ice, Diamond, Grand Avenue, Poynters, Wetzel's, Haunted, and Emerson Spring Branch caves; besides Mail Robbers', One Hundred Dome, Walnut Hill Spring, SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 23 Short, Proctor's, Little Lithographic, and Sugar Bowl caves, and a cave under Gardiner's Knob, all near Glasgow Junction ; also a cave near Baker's Furnace, and John and Fred's Cave on the east bank of Dismal Creek ; further in Carter County caves, viz. Gray Tom's, Zwingle's, Bat, Van Meter's, Grayson Springs, and Burchell's caves ; and finally in Nickajack Cave, Tenn. Blatchley also reports it from Wyandotte Cave, Ind., on the authority of Cope, but it is not so given by Cope in the references quoted ; and Walker, of course in error, from the " west coast of America " ! I have also seen specimens in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, from Turner's Caves, Pennington Gap, Lee County, Va. (H. G. Hubbard), and Ely Cave, Lee County, Va. (N. S. Shaler). HADENCECUS PUTEANUS. Hadencecus puteanus Scudd.!, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., xix. 37 (1877). On sides and under covering of wells in North Carolina ; also in Mississippi. CEUTIIOPHILUS SCDDDER. Ceuthophilus Scudd., Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vii. 433-434 (1862) ; Brunn., Monogr. Stenop., 61 (1888). This is one of the dominant American genera of Locustariae, con- fined to North America and almost entirely to the United States, embracing a large number of species in every section of the country, of which fifty-five are here characterized. Several others are known to me by single specimens or mutilated examples. The following table is based principally upon the males. It has been impossible to construct it so as to bring together the allied species, whose relation- ship is better shown by the order in which they are described, though even here the arrangement is far from satisfactory, nearly allied species being sometimes separated at considerable distances in order to bring them in closer relation with other allies. Although I have had six hundred and fifty examples to study at this time, besides others in alcohol, the material is still insufficient to make a satisfactory disposi- tion of our species, and I am confident that very many more yet remain to be discovered. 24 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. Table of the Species of Ceuthophilus. a 1 . Second joint of hind tarsi at least half as long again, usually twice or more than twice as long, as the third. A 1 . Fore femora one third or more than one third longer than the pronotum, at least in the $ ; hind tibiae of $ almost always straight, never greatly bowed. c 1 . Hind tibiae of at least a tenth longer than the hind femora. d 1 . Ovipositor much shorter than the fore femora. e 1 . Hind femora stout, not three times as long as broad, at least in the $ 1. variegatus. e 2 . Hind femora slender, four times as long as broad in the $ .2. ensifer. d 2 . Ovipositor much longer than the fore femora. e 1 . Hind tibial spurs less than twice as long as the tibial depth ; outer carina of hind femora of generally with some spines at least half as long as the tibial spurs. f l . Fore femora of $ three fourths as long again as the pronotum 3. stygius. f z . Fore femora of $ from one half to two thirds as long again as the pronotum. g 1 . Hind femora of $ much less than four times as long as broad ; hind tibiae of $ very long and more or less sinuous at base in old individuals. A 1 . Largest spines of outer carina of hind femora of $ simple and similar to the others. 4. gracilipes. h?. Largest spines as above greatly tumid at base. 5. latebricola. g*. Hind femora of $ much more than four times as long as broad ; hind tibiae of $ scarcely more than one tenth longer than the hind femora, straight. 6. grandis. e 2 . Hind tibial spurs fully twice, generally much more than twice, as long as tibial depth ; outer carina of hind femora of $ with no spines a third as long as the tibial spurs. f l . Armature of outer carina of hind femora of $ developed as distinct spines rather than as serrations; ovipositor arcuate 7. secretus. SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEDTHOPHTLI. 25 / 2 . Armature of outer carina of hind femora of $ developed only as recumbent serrations ; ovipositor almost or quite straight. g 1 . Hind femora of slender, almost or quite four times as long as broad ; hind tibiae exceptionally long, nearly or quite one sixth longer than the femora. A 1 . Hind femora of $ more than twice as long as the fore femora ; ovipositor very feebly arcuate, only two thirds as long as the hind femora. 8. palmeri. h 2 . Hind femora of $ less than twice as long as the fore femora ; ovipositor straight, three fourths as long as the hind femora , . . 9. corticicola. g 2 . Hind femora of $ less slender, being less than three and three quarters times as long as broad ; hind tibiae but little more than one tenth longer than the femora 10. varicator. c 2 . Hind tibiae of $ distinctly less than a tenth longer than the hind femora ; ovipositor always longer than the fore femora. d 1 . Hind tibiae of $ straight; outer carina of hind femora of ^ never conspicuously spined. e 1 . Hind tibial spurs nearly three times as long as the tibial depth 11. latibuli. e 2 . Hind tibial spurs at most less than twice as long as the tibial depth, rarely half as long again. f 1 . Prevailing colors blackish fuscous above, the lighter colors being distinctly less extensive than the dark (which is generally nearly black) and appearing as dots or roundish spots, and sometimes also as a broad medio- dorsal stripe. g 1 . Fore femora of $ at most scarcely more than a third longer than the pronotum ; outer carina of hind femora of $ serrulate, not spined. h l . Hind femora relatively long and slender, three and three quarters times as long as broad. 1 2. seclusus. A 2 . Hind femora relatively stout, not over three and a half times longer than broad. i l . Hind tibiae but little longer than the femora, the spurs not longer than the tibial depth, the hind femora considerably more than twice as long as the fore femora. 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. j 1 . Hind femora less than three times as long as broad 13. terrestris. j 2 . Hind femora three and a half times as long as broad 14. celatus. *. Hind tibiae considerably longer than the femora, the spurs half as long again as the tibial depth, the hind femora only about .twice as long as the fore femora 15. brevipes. g\ Fore femora of $ nearly one half longer than the pronotum ; outer carina of hind femora of male spined, not serrulate 16. lapidicola. / 2 . The lighter colors which are more massive prevail above, the darker appearing principally as posterior bands to the segments and rarely darker than fusco- castaneous, rarely with a light mediodorsal line. g 1 . Outer cariua of hind femora of $ armed with only a few raised points. h 1 . Hind femora slender, nearly three and a half times longer than broad . . . 17. arizonensis. h 2 . Hind femora stout, about two and a half times longer than broad 18. uniformis. d 2 . Hind tibia? of < arcuate or sinuous; outer carina of hind femora of always conspicuously spined. e 1 . Hind femora very long, four times as long as broad, the fore femora fully three fourths as long again as the pronotum 19. lieros. e 2 . Hind femora relatively short, not more than three and a half times longer than broad, the fore femora consider- ably less than half as long again as the pronotum. f l . Inferior sulcus of hind femora of $ broadening proximally 20. uhleri. / 2 . Inferior sulcus of hind femora of of uniform width 21. blatchkyi. 6 2 . Fore femora but little if any longer than the pronotum even in the male ; hind tibiae of male usually straight, but often bowed or sinuate. e 1 . Dorsal surface of abdomen of smooth and even. d l . Hind tibiae of arcuate or sinuate in basal half. e 1 . Hind tibia? of considerably longer than the femora ; hind tibial spurs usually at least half as long again as the tibial depth. SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 27 f 1 . Hind femora of $ relatively long, three and a half times as long as broad ; no large spines on outer carina. 30. maculatus. f 2 . Hind femora of $ relatively stout, rarely exceeding three, never three and a quarter, times as long as broad ; some spines on outer carina as long as the tibial spurs. ff 1 . Hind tibiae of $ at least a tenth longer than the femora. A 1 . Hind femora of $ two and a half times longer than the fore femora; hind tibial spurs only slightly longer than the tibial depth. 28. meridionalis. h 2 . Hind femora of $ but little more than twice as long as the fore femora ; hind tibial spurs nearly twice as long as the tibial depth . 45. inquinatus. g 2 . Hind tibiae of less than one tenth longer than the femora 22. spinosus. e 2 . Hind tibiae of $ at most scarcely longer than the femora; hind tibial spurs rarely longer than the tibial depth. f 1 . Hind femora of $ three or more than three times as long as broad ; fore femora nearly or quite a fifth longer than the pronotum. g 1 . Hind tibiae of $ at most feebly sinuate at base. 39. agassizii. g 2 . Hind tibiae of $ very strongly bowed. 34. vcdyus. f' 1 . Hind femora of $ less than three times as long as broad ; fore femora only an eighth longer than the pro- notum. g 1 . Hind tibiae of $ strongly bowed, armed below with a row of spines mounted on nodules. 33. nodulosus. g z . Hind tibiae of $ faintly sinuate at base, normally armed beneath 51. latipes. cP. Hind tibiae of $ straight throughout. e 1 . Outer carina of hind femora of armed with prom- inent conical spines, generally well separated. f 1 . Hind tibiae of $ less than one tenth longer than the femora. f) 1 . Dorsal surface of body almost uniformly very dark, almost black, the lighter markings themselves 28 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. not very light nor extensive, and therefore incon- spicuous. A 1 . Hind tibial spurs generally excessively diver- gent, extending in nearly opposite directions on the two sides and set at a high angle with the tibia. 35. divergens. h?. Hind tibial spurs rarely exceeding 120 in divergence, and set at an angle with the tibia not exceeding 50. i\ Smaller species, with pallid sides, luteous legs, and narrow dorsal stripe, the hind tibiae of the $ a twelfth as long again as the femora. 23. ccecus. i 2 . Larger species, with castaneous sides and legs and broad dorsal stripe, the hind tibiae of $ not a thirtieth longer than the femora . 26. salki. g*. Dorsal surface of body with conspicuously con- trasted dark and light markings, neither prevailing over the other 47. pallidus. y 2 . Hind tibiae of $ a tenth longer than the femora. 32. bicolor. e 2 . Outer carina of hind femora of $ more or less deli- cately serrate or armed with recumbent spines. f l . Body of male very compact, short subfusiform, not or hardly more than two and a quarter times as long as broad. g l . Hind femora of $ relatively stout, considerably less than three times as long as broad, the hind tibiae longer than the femora, and the spurs only as long as the tibial depth 24. nigricans. g 2 . Hind femora of $ relatively slender, three times as long as broad, the hind tibiae shorter than the femora and the spurs nearly half as long again as the tibial depth .. .'.-.... 25. fusiformis. / 2 . Body of $ much more elongated, rarely distinctly fusiform, over three and generally at least four times as long as broad. g l . Hind tibiae of $ at least a tenth longer than the femora. h l . Body without conspicuously contrasted colors ; hind femora of relatively slender, four times as long as broad 36. occultus. SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 29 h 2 . Body with conspicuously contrasted colors; hind femora of <$ relatively slender, less than three and a quarter times as long as broad . 46. discolor. g 2 . Hind tibiae of $ less than one tenth longer than the femora. A 1 . Hind femora of $ with no raised points on the upper distal half. 1 1 . Outer carina of hind femora of $ almost unarmed ; markings of the body more or less marmorate or maculate. J 1 . A broad continuous light dorsal stripe on pronotum, usually extending over the whole thorax. k 1 . Hind tibial spurs distinctly marked with black at base ; ovipositor twice as long as fore femora 27. latens. k 2 . Hind tibial spurs at most indistinctly infuscated at base ; ovipositor shorter than fore femora 31. tenebrarum. j 2 . A narrow and very unequal light dorsal stripe on pronotum, interrupted^ if present, on rest of thorax 38. bruneri. 1 2 . Outer carina of hind femora of $ finely and closely serrate ; dark markings of body confined to transverse borderings of the segments. 48. vinculatus. h 2 . Hind femora of $ with a greater or less num- ber of raised points on upper distal half. i 1 . Hind femora of $ with only a few distant recumbent spines on outer carina. j 1 . Hind tibiae of $ a tenth longer than the femora; spurs fully twice as long as tibial depth 44. pinguis. j 2 . Hind tibiae of $ less than a tenth longer than the femora ; spurs much less than twice as long as tibial depth . . 40. mexicanus. i?. Hind femora of $ with numerous denticula- tions on the outer carina, forming a more or less close serration. j 1 . Ovipositor relatively short, at most bu( little more thau half as long as hind femora. 30 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. k\ Hind femora of $ less than twice as long as fore femora. P: Hind tibiae of the inner carina similar. Hind tibiae straight in both sexes, rather stout in the male, scarcely exceeding the femora in length, armed beneath with a preapical spine besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal beyond the end of the proximal third of the tibia, hardly or no longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of 45 with the tibia and divaricating 90-100, their tips incurved; inner middle calcaria somewhat longer than the outer, twice as long as the others or as the spurs, but not so long as the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi two fifths the length of the tibiae, the first joint nearly as long as the rest together, the second twice as long as the third and with it longer than the fourth. Cerci rather slender throughout, tapering, pointed, as long as the femoral breadth. Ovipositor less than three fifths as long as the hind femora, gently tapering in the proximal half, equal and not very slender in the distal half, the tip upturned a little and pointed at an angle of 45, the teeth of the inner valves sharp but not aculeate. Length of body, $ 13 mm., 9 15 mm.; pronotum, $ 9 4 mm.; fore femora, $ 5.3 mm., 9 5.6 mm. ; hind femora, $ 12.3 mm., 9 12.5 mm.; hind tibiae, $ 12.5 mm., 9 12.75 mm.; ovipositor, 7 mm. 11 the inner carina feebly and very finely serratulate, the intervening sulcus narrow. Hind tibiae straight in both sexes, a little longer than the femora, slender, armed beneath with a single subapical spine besides the apical pair ; spurs opposite or subopposite, the basal at the end of the proxi- mal fourth of the tibia, no longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 45 with the tibia and divaricating about 60 ; inner middle calcaria considerably longer than the outer, more than twice as long as the others or as the spurs, but shorter than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi a little less than half as long as the tibia, the first joint scarcely as long as the rest together, the second much more than twice as long as the third and with it longer than the fourth. Cerci slight, tapering regularly, about three fourths as long as the femoral breadth. Ovipositor straight, tapering on the proximal, slender and equal on the distal half, somewhat more than half as long as the hind femora, the tip very gradually attenuated and very slightly upcurved, not very finely pointed, the inner valves rather feebly crenulate. Length of body, $ 9 mm., 9 13 mm. ; pronotum, $ 3 mm., 9 3.5 SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 49 mm.; fore femora, $ 4 mm., 9 4.25 mm.; hind femora, $ 9 mm., 910 mm. ; hind tibiae, $ 9.5 mm., 9 10.75 mm. ; ovipositor, 6 mm. 3(J, 59- Behrens, Shaster County, Cal., San Francisco, Cal., Los Angeles, Cal., Coquillett, all from L. Bruner ; and Siskiyou, Placer, and Los Angeles Counties, Cal., mostly from Riley's collection (U. S. Nat. Mas.). 15. CEUTHOPHILUS BREVIPES. Geuthophilus brevipes Scudd. !, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist., vii. 434 (1862); Walk., Cat. Derm. Salt. Brit. Mus., i. 201 (1869); Prov., Nat. Canad., viii. 75 (1876); Fern., Orth. N. Engl., 19 (1888); Blatchl.!, Proc. Ind. Acad. Sc., 1892, 148 (1894). Dull fuliginous brown, but glabrous, marked with very dull and pale luteous dots, occasionally somewhat confluent ; there is sometimes, but rarely, a mediodorsal luteous stripe on the pronotum ; the dots are generally a little elongate and margin the segments posteriorly, often turned obliquely inward and when accompanied by other dots in advance these arranged to give an added obliquity to their general course ; the pronotura is more or less marmorate with dull luteous ; the legs have the general tone of the body and the hind femora the usual markings of the genus, the darker colors generally the more extensive, but the pattern obscured apically so that the distal extremity of the femora, including more than the geniculation, is more or less deeply infuscated. The antennas are stout at base but immediately become slender and are at least twice as long as the body. The legs are short and rather slender. Fore femora no stouter than the middle femora, a third longer than the pronotum and about half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with a subapical spine. Middle femora with a subapical spine on the front carina and on the hind carina 1-2 spines, sometimes wanting in the 9 , besides a fairly long genicular spine. Hind femora moderately stout and plump, regularly tapering, about three and a half times longer than broad, the distal fifth equal, the surface with no raised points, both carinas sparsely and finely serrate in the , almost unarmed in the 9> the intervening sulcus of moderate breadth and V- sna P e d- Hind tibia? considerably longer than the femora, unusually slender, straight in both sexes, armed beneath with two preapical spines besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal at the end of the proximal fourth of the tibia, nearly half as long again as the tibial depth, set at an angle of 40-45 with the tibia and divaricating about 135, their tips incurved; inner middle calcaria considerably longer than the outer, nearly twice VOL. xxx. (N. s. xxii.) 4 50 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. as long as the others or as the spurs, but much shorter than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi about two fifths the length of the tibia, the first joint shorter than the others together, the second twice as long as the third and with it as long as the fourth. Cerci rather slender, regularly tapering, slightly longer than the femoral breadth. Oviposi- tor gently tapering on proximal, equal on distal half, rather slender, very slightly arcuate, two thirds the length of the hind femora, the tip acute but not produced, the armature of the inner valves a dull and nearly obsolete serration. Length of body, $ 14 mm., 9 15.5 mm. ; pronotum, $ 3.9 mm., 9 4.5 mm.; fore femora, $ 5.5 mm.. 9 6 mm.; hind femora, $ 11 mm., 9 13 mm.; hind tibiae, $ 12 mm., 9 13.5 mm.; ovipositor, 8.4 mm. 3 ,3 9. Grand Menan Id., Me., A. E. Verrill ; Vigo Co., Ind., October, Blatchley. Specimens are in the Museum of Comparative Zoology from St. Johns, N. B. Provaucher gives it from Canada with a query, and it appears, but wrongly, in Bruner's list of the Orthoptera of Nebraska (Publ. Nebr. Acad. Sc., iii. 32, 1893). 16. CEUTHOPHILUS LAPIDICOLA. Phalangopsis lapidicola Burm., Handb. d. Ent., ii. 723 (1838). Locusta (Rhaphidophorus) lapidicola De Haan, Bijdr. Kenn. Orth., 178 (1842). Body glabrous, blackish above and on upper part of sides, with a very broad dark rufous mediodorsal stripe, narrowing on the abdomen and disappearing in the middle of the same, the black portions sprinkled, especially on the abdomen where it covers all the sides, with rufo-lute- ous dots or small roundish spots, the lower portion of the sides of the thorax and especially of the pronotum luteous, flecked and clouded to a greater or less degree with fuscous ; antennae fuscous, very distantly and narrowly annulated with luteous ; legs luteous, infuscated more or less and in this very variable especially at the distal extremity of the femora, the hind femora almost wholly blackish fuscous externally, flecked, streaked, or stained, especially below, with sordid luteous. The antennae are very slender and at least three and a half times as long as the body, and the legs slender and pretty long. Fore femora barely stouter in the basal half than the middle femora, somewhat less than half as long as the hind femora, nearly a half ($} or almost a third (9) longer than the pronotum, the inner carina with two rather short spines. Middle femora with 2-3 rather short spines on the front SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 51 carina and on the hind carina two very feeble spines besides a moder- ately long genicular spine. Hind femora about as long as the body, somewhat more than twice as long as the fore femora, rather slender, being fully three and a half times as long as broad, the distal third to fourth subequal, the inner surface above and beyond the middle with three or four distant raised points, both cariuae feebly spinulate in the distal half, the outer more strongly than the inner in the male, the reverse in the female which as a whole is a little more feebly armed, the intervening sulcus rather narrow. Hind tibiae straight in both sexes, of the same length as the femora, armed beneath with 12 sub- apical spines besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal before the end of the proximal third of the tibia, with sometimes a supplementary spur still farther toward the base, fully half as long again as the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 70 with the tibia, and divaricating about 1 60, the apical third incurved ; inner middle calcaria considerably longer than the outer, fully twice as long as the others or as the spurs and scarcely shorter than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi two fifths as long as the tibiae, the first joint some- what shorter than the rest combined, the second more than twice as long as the third and with it about as long as the fourth. Cerci rather slender, scarcely shorter than the femoral breadth. Ovipositor a little less than two thirds as long as the hind femora, straight, feebly tapering on the basal third, equal and moderately broad beyond, the tip a little upturned and acuminate (about 35), the teeth not long, aculeate. Length of body, $ 9 21 mm. ; antennae (est.), $ 75+ mm., 9 68+ mm. ; pronotum, $ 6.5 mm., 9 7 mm. ; fore femora, $ 9.5 mm., 9 8-9 mm. ; hind femora and tibiae, 20.25 mm., 9 20.4 mm. ; ovipositor, 12.75 mm. 1 $, 2 9, and 3 immature specimens, N. Carolina, Morrison (Coll. Henshaw, Bruner). A 9 from Pennsylvania is in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and a 9 without locality in the U. S. National Museum. Burmeister's Phal. lapidicola came from Virginia and South Caro- lina. The present species is the only one known to me from the Southern Atlantic States which completely or approximately agrees with his description, the species formerly referred by me and others to this being a Northern form to which the description poorly fits, and that described by Brunner under this name is a very different insect. 52 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. 17. CEDTHOPHILUS ARIZONENSIS, sp. nov. Pallid luteous, so heavily infuscated that behind the pronotum there is only left a single series of luteous spots on each side, which on the meso- and metanotum are transverse oval and rather large, and on the abdomen are transverse anterior stripes, sometimes confluent with those of the opposite side ; the pronotum is mostly fuscous, deepest around the margin, more or less dotted and vermiculate with luteous elsewhere, there being commonly a transverse row of dots bordering the anterior fuscous margin, and the disk on either side more or less heavily blotched with the same ; the legs are fuscous, varying in depth in different individuals, the hind femora generally with sufficiently conspicuous scalariform markings. The antennae are very slender and fully three times as long as the body, and the legs are slender but not very long. Fore femora slightly stouter than the middle femora, a third longer than the pronotum and half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with one or two spines. Middle femora with 1-3 spines on the front carina, and the hind carina generally unarmed except for a slight genicular spine, but sometimes with as many as three other minute spines. Hind femora nearly as long as the body, twice the length of the fore femora, moderately slender, being a little less than three and a half times longer than broad, gradually diminish- ing in size and yet with the distal fourth subequal, the surface with no raised points, the outer carina with only a few raised points, mostly on the distal half, the inner carina with most minute but sharp distant spinules, the intervening sulcus narrow. Hind tibia? scarcely longer than the femora, straight in both sexes, very slender, armed beneath with a single preapical spine besides the apical pair; spurs nearly opposite, the basal beyond the end of the proximal third of the tibia, about as long as the tibial depth, set at an angle of from 35-40 with the tibia and generally divaricating about 70-80 (one example about 100), their tips incurved ; inner middle calcaria a little longer than the outer, fully twice as long as the others or as the spurs, but much shorter than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi less than half as long as the tibiae, the first joint fully as long as the rest combined, the second twice as long as the third and with it as long as the fourth. Cerci stout on the proximal, slender on the distal half, nearly as long as the femoral breadth. Ovipositor four fifths the length of the hind femora, slender, nearly straight, tapering slightly, the tip finely pointed at an angle of about 30 and barely upturned, the armature of the inner valves aculeate, only the terminal arcuate. SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 53 Length of body, $ 8 mm., 9 11.5 mm.; pronotum, $ 2.7 mm., 9 3.75 mm. ; fore femora, $ 3.75 mm., 9 5 mm. ; hind femora, 7.5 mm., 9 10 mm. ; hind tibiae, $ 8 mm., 9 10.2 mm. ; ovipositor, 8 mm. 3 the inner carina rather bluntly denticulate, distantly in the outer half ((J) or like the outer carina but more closely denticulate (9) the intervening sulcus narrow. Hind tibiae barely arcuate at base ( the inner carina with about sixteen small inequidistant coarse spiiiules covering the whole length ( $) or a few slight ones only on the apical fourth of the femora ( 9 ) the interven- SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 57 ing sulcus exceptionally broad. Hind tibiae faintly and irregularly sinuous (<) or straight (9), distinctly longer than the femora, slen- der, armed beneath with 1-2 subapical spines besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal at or a little beyond the end of the proxi- mal fourth of the tibia, a little longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 35 with the tibia and divaricating 80-90, the apical half incurved ; inner middle calcaria much longer than the outer, more than twice as long as the others or as the spurs, but scarcely so long as the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi two fifths as long as the tibias, the first joint about as long as the rest together, the second nearly three times as long as the third and with it fully as long as the fourth. Cerci rather stout, shorter than the femoral breadth. Ovipositor only slightly enlarged at base, the distal two thirds equal but not very slender, straight, almost two thirds as long as the hind femora, the tip considerably upcurved and finely acuminate, the teeth of the inner valves triangular, increasing in length apically, only the terminal arcuate. Length of body, $ 9 15.5 mm. ; antennae, 9 32+ mm. ; pronotum, $ 5.1 mm., 9 4.6 mm.; fore femora, $ 7.35 mm., 9 5.75 mm.; hind femora, $ 17.75 mm., 9 13 mm.; hind tibia?, $ 18.5 mm., 914 mm. ; ovipositor, 8.25 mm. 7 1 9- Islands in the Gulf of Georgia, between Vancouver Isl. and the State of Washington, A. Agassiz ; Vancouver Isl., H. Ed- wards ; Oregon ; British Columbia, G. W. Taylor in Bruner's coll. Through misunderstanding Brunner von Wattenwyl has credited this also to the State of Georgia. 40. CEUTHOPHILUS MEXICANUS, sp. nov. Pallid, probably in life luteous, heavily overlaid with dark fuscous markings ; pronotum mostly fuscous, with a mediodorsal luteous thread, expanding near anterior and posterior margins into a small rhomboid spot and with a large posterior central luteous spot in the middle of each side, the extreme inferior margin also luteous ; meso- and metanotum with a large central luteous spot on either side often reaching the border posteriorly and a posterior median similar spot, the two sometimes confluent and often very irregular ; abdominal seg- ments, when darkest, with a large luteous spot on each side and a median anterior one, but the fuscous is often largely reduced; legs luteous, more or less infuscated, especially on the distal halves of the fore and middle femora, the hind femora rather heavily marked with fuscous in a scalariform pattern. Antennae very slender, at least three times as long as the body, the legs slender and rather long. Fore femora scarcely stouter than middle femora, a fourth longer than the pronotum and half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with two spines, both long but especially the eubapical. Middle femora with 1-2 spines besides a very long subapical spine on the front carina, and the hind carina with 1-2 spines besides a long genicular spine. Hind femora as long as the body and twice as long as the fore femora, rather stout at base but slender in the distal third, nearly three times as long as broad, with a few feeble raised points on the distal half of the extreme upper surface, the outer carina with 1-4 very small distant spines on the apical half, the inner carina with 8-10 minute points, the intervening sulcus narrow. Hind tibiae straight, slender, somewhat longer than the femora, armed beneath with a single subapical spine SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 83 besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal at the end of the proximal fourth of the tibia, considerably longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of 35-40 with the tibia and divaricating about 100, their tips incurved ; inner middle calcaria considerably longer than the outer, more than twice as long as the others or as the spurs, and nearly or quite as long as the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi about two fifths the length of the tibiae, the first joint as long as the rest together, the second fully twice as long as the third and with it rather longer than the fourth. Cerci rather long and tapering, fully as long as the femoral breadth. Length of body, 10 mm.; pronotum, 4 mm.; fore femora, 5 mm.; hind femora, 9.8 mm. ; hind tibiae, 10.5 mm. 6 $. San Pedro, Cohahuila, Mexico, May 20; San Lorenzo, Coha- huila, Mexico, found in a cave among mummies, E. Palmer. 41. CEUTHOPHILUS PALLESCENS. Ceuthophilus pallescens Brun.!, Can. Ent, xxiii. 37-38 (1891) ; Id.!, Publ. Nebr. Acad. Sc., iii. 32 (1893). Very pallid luteous, marked with fuscous and blackish fuscous, the latter in the posterior bordering of all the segments, the former in obscure blotches on the pronotum and along its front margin, more obscure in some specimens than in others; a mediodorsal luteous thread breaks most of the fuscous markings of the body ; the legs are very pallid luteous, sometimes infuscated on the distal portions of the femora and especially in scalariform markings, never deep, upon the hind femora ; the spines of the legs are all dusky tipped ; eyes black. The antenme are slender and from twice to thrice the length of the body, and the legs are rather long and slender. Fore femora scarcely if any broader than the middle femora, about a fifth longer than the pronotum and half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with a subapical spine sometimes accompanied by a shorter spine. Middle femora with 4-5 delicate spines, the subapical longer than the others on the front carina, and on the hind a similar series be-ides a not very long genicular spine. Hind femora much shorter than the body, twice as long as the fore femora, rather slender, being about three and a half times longer than broad, tapering pretty regularly to the tip with no genicular swelling, the surface with a few very scattered raised points especially on the inner side and above beyond the middle, both carinas minutely and rather distantly serrulate, the intervening sulcus slender. Hind tibiae straight in both sexes, considerably longer than the femora, rather slender, apically armed beneath with a series of three recum- 84 PROCEEDINGS OP THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. bent spines besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal beyond the end of the proximal third of the tibia, fully as long as the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 50 with the tibia and divaricating about 90, feebly incurved at tip ; inner middle calcaria considerably longer than the outer, twice as long as the others and nearly twice as long as the spurs, but very much shorter than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi fully two fifths the length of the tibia, the first joint fully equal to the rest together, the second twice as long as the third and with it as long as the fourth. Cerci slender and regularly tapering, about as long as the femoral breadth. Ovipositor of exceptional length, being nearly as long as the hind femora, very feebly arcuate, slender throughout but especially beyond the proximal third, the tip scarcely upturned more than the uniform arcuation and produced to an angle of only about 40, the teeth of the inner valves more distant than usual, aculeate but not long, arcuate. Length of body, $ 8.5 mm., 9 18 mm. ; pronotum, $ 3 mm., 9 5 mm. ; fore femora, $ 3.5 mm., 9 6.1 mm. ; hind femora, $ 7.5 mm., 9 12 mm. ; hind tibise, $ 8 mm., 9 13.5 mm. ; ovipositor, 11.25 mm. 1 , 2 9 . Hat Creek, Nebr., in wells ; Pine Ridge, Nebr., Aug. 4, under timber ; Hecla, Wyo. ; all from L. Bruner. The $ from Pine Ridge is rather immature. 42. CEUTHOPHILUS SYLVESTRIS. Ceuthophilus sylvestris Brun.!, Bull. Washb. Coll., i. 126-127 (1885). Nearly uniform mahogany brown, glabrous, very faintly and broadly infuscated at the hinder margins of all the segments and on the front margin of the pronotum, the lateral margins of the thoracic segments very faintly bordered with obscure luteous ; legs uniformly of a lighter tint than the body, the hind femora without scalariform mark- ings. Antennae slender, more than twice as long as the body, the legs moderately short. Fore femora no stouter than the middle femora, scarcely longer than the pronotum, half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with a short subapical spine. Middle femora with only a single small spine or occasionally a second on either carina besides the posterior genicular spine. Hind femora moderately stout, tapering regularly to the tip with no pregenicular constriction or genic- iilar enlargement, fully three times as long as broad, twice as long as the fore femora, with no raised points upon the surface, both carinae (9) with the most delicate possible uniform and not crowded serrula- tion, the intervening sulcus narrow. Hind tibiae considerably longer SCUDDEB. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 85 than the femora, slender ; if armed beneath, so slightly as not to be seen with an ordinary hand-glass ; spurs subopposite, the basal at about the end of the proximal third of the tibia, rather longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 35 with the tibia and divari- cating about 70, their tips scarcely incurved ; inner middle calcaria considerably longer than the outer, twice as long as the others or as the spurs, but shorter than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi almost half as long as the tibiae, the first joint not so long as the others com- bined, the second about twice as long as the third and with it shorter than the fourth. Cerci slender, tapering, finely pointed, slightly longer than the femoral breadth. Ovipositor straight, considerably more than two thirds as long as the hind femora, gently tapering in proximal, slender in distal half, the tip upturned to an excessively fine point, the teeth produced, triangular, subaculeate. Length of body, 9 7 mm. ; pronotum, 3 mm. ; fore femora, 3.1 mm. ; hind femora, 6.1 mm. ; hind tibiae, 7 mm. ; ovipositor, 4.4 mm. 2 9 . Topeka, Kans., F. W. Cragin, through L. Bruner. 43. CEUTHOPHILUS CRASSUS, sp. nov. Specimens preserved after immersion in alcohol are dark fuscous and very dull castaneous, the former prevailing, the latter seen on the anterior borders of the abdominal segments in a median thoracic line, irregular transverse bands on the middle of the meso- and metanotum, and irregular blotches on the pronotum, mostly sublinear and very angular ; the legs are prevailingly dusky except at base. Antennae imperfect in all specimens but probably twice as long as the body. Legs rather short. Fore femora distinctly broader than the middle femora, but little longer than the pronotum and much less than twice as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with two small semi- recumbent spines, one of them subapical. Middle femora with 3-4 small spines on the inner carina, one subapical, and on the hind carina 3-4 similar spines besides a small genicular spine. Hind femora con- siderably more than twice as long as the fore femora, much shorter than the body, stout, tapering to the tip with no pregenicular constric- tion, scarcely more than two and a half times longer than broad, with a very few scattered raised points on the upper surface apically, the outer carina finely and sparsely serrulate throughout, more densely in the $ than in the 9 } the inner carina similar, the intervening sulcus narrow. Hind tibiae straight in both sexes, scarcely or no longer than the femora, moderately stout, armed beneath with a single sub- apical spine besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal pair 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. at the end of the proximal fourth of the tibia, not much longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of 30-40 with the tibia and divari- cating about 60, faintly incurved ; inner middle calcaria somewhat longer than the outer, nearly twice as long as the others, twice as long as the spurs, and as long as the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi much less than half as long as the tibias the first joint hardly equalling the rest taken together, the second twice as long as the third and with it a little shorter than the fourth. Cerci rather short and slender. Ovipositor two thirds the length of the hind femora, rapidly tapering at base, the distal half slender, the armature of the inner valves acicu- lar, arcuate. Length of body, $ 13 mm., 9 17.5 mm.; pronotum, $ 4.5 mm., 9 5.6 mm. ; fore femora, $ 5 mm., 9 6 mm. ; hind femora, $ 11.25 mm., 9 13.5mm.; hind tibiae, $ 11.5mm., 9 13.5mm.; ovipositor, 9 mm. 1 (, 3 9- Locality unknown; probably from one of the South- western States. It is a very robust species. 44. CEUTHOPHILCS PINGDIS, sp. nov. Of mingled fuscous and luteo-castaneous, sometimes one, sometimes the other prevailing ; when it is the latter, the fuscous shows itself on either side of the mediodorsal line in a series of subtriangular sub- dorsal patches seated upon the posterior margin of the segments, much larger on the thoracic than on the abdominal and partially or wholly absent from some of the latter ; besides there is a series of lateral blotches, just failing to reach the lower margins of the nota and more extended on each segment anteriorly than posteriorly ; on the pro- notum these two sets blend irregularly, so that here the darker colors prevail ; the hind femora are more or less infuscated with the mark- ings common to the genus, more or less distinct, the geniculations laterally blackish. Antennae moderately stout. Legs not very elongate. Fore femora basally somewhat stouter than the middle femora, con- siderably less than half as long as the hind femora, about a fourth longer than the pronotum, the inner carina with 2-3 spines, the sub- apical and sometimes one or both the others pretty large. Middle femora with the front carina as in the fore femora, the hind carina with 12 spines near the middle besides a very long genicular spine. Hind femora a little shorter than the body, considerably more than twice as long as the fore femora, very stout and broad, being con- siderably less than three times as long as broad, with a preapical broad constriction, so that the distal fourth is subequal, the apical half covered very sparsely except beneath with raised spiuous points SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTKOPHILI. 87 of a reddish color, the outer carina armed with 3-4 very small subequal irregularly distant spines, the inner with a dozen spinules irregularly placed, the intervening sulcus not very broad. Hind tibiae straight, about a tenth longer than the femora, armed beneath with a single preapical spine besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, the basal at end of basal fourth of the tibia, fully twice as long as the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 30 with the tibia and divaricating scarcely more than 90 , their tips incurved distinctly ; inner middle calcaria twice or more than twice as long as the others or as the spurs and as long as or longer than the first tarsal joint. Hind tarsi fully two fifths the length of the tibiae, the first joint almost or quite as long as the rest together, the second more than twice as long as the third and with it as long as the fourth. Cerci pretty stout at base, tapering delicately, probably as long as the femoral breadth (broken in all specimens seen). Length of body, 16 mm. ; antennae, 28+ mm. ; pronotum, 5.1 mm. ; fore femora, 6.5 mm.; hind femora, 14.6 mm.; hind tibiie, 16 mm. One imperfect specimen is nearly half as large again. 4 ; Fletch., Rep. Exp. Farms Can., 1888, 63 (1889). Cetithophilus denticulatus Scudd.!, Ann. Rep. Geogr. Surv. West 100th Men, 1876, 279 (1877). Varying from light to dark castaneous with very feeble markings, excepting usually a greater or less degree of infuscatiou along the posterior margins of all the segments and the anterior margin of the pronotum ; the pronotum is also sometimes feebly enlivened with ver- iniculate fuliginous markings and not infrequently a faint luteous line may be traced along the middle of the dorsum, often conspicuous on the pronotum and always slender ; the legs are concolorous with the body. The antennae are rather coarse, tapering throughout uniformly, the eyes small, distinctly smaller than the anteunal scrobes, the legs short and stouter than usual. Fore femora distinctly stouter than the middle femora, arched superiorly, about a fifth longer than the prono- tum and slightly more than half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with a single subapical spine besides being minutely serrulate throughout. Middle femora having a variable number of spines but usually 3-4 on the front carina, and on the hind carina a variable but generally considerable number of minute spines or serrations besides a short genicular spine. Hiud femora about two thirds as long as the body (<) or a little less than that (9), almost twice as long as the fore femora, moderately stout, regularly tapering to the very apex with no pregenicular constriction, about three times as long as broad, glabrous, with a few feeble distant raised points above just before the geniculation, the outer carina uniformly and rather delicately serrulate except at base, more feebly in the female than in the male, the inner carina similarly but more delicately serrulate, the intervening sulcus tolerably broad apically but not at base. Hind tibiae of male straight, unusually stout, on the upper surface twice as broad in the middle as at base, of the same length as the femora, armed beneath with a single preapical spine besides the apical pair ; spurs subopposite, about equal to or a little longer than the tibial depth, set at an angle of about 45 to the tibia and diverging at an angle of 60 or less with each other, their tips incurved ; inner middle calcaria slightly longer than the outer, half as long again as the other calcaria, twice as long as the spurs and nearly as long as the first joint of the tarsus. Hind tarsi nearly half as long as the tibiae, the first joint nearly as long as the others com- bined, the second twice as long as the third and with it not so long as the fourth. Cerci rather stout, tapering throughout, not much longer than half the femoral breadth. Ovipositor as long as the pronotum, SCUDDER. NORTH AMERICAN CEUTHOPHILI. 95 tapering in the basal half, beyond equal, not very slender and straight, the tip strongly upcurved, the armature of the inner valves formed of long, bluntly pointed, arcuate teeth. Length of body, $ 19 mm., 9 16.25 mm.; antennae, $ (est.) 40 mm.; pronotum, $ 5.25 mm., 9 4.75 mm.; fore femora, $ 6.75 mm., 9 5.3 mm.; hind femora and tibiae, each, $ 13 mm., 9 10.25 mm.; ovipositor 4.75 mm. 19 becoming longer and more crowded apically, the 46 spines of one row not greatly divergent from those of the other ; and minute denticulations occupying the interspaces, at least on the proximal half of the tibia and the proximal free portion, but, at least in the 9 , commonly absent from the distal half of the tibia ; the three pairs of apical calcaria are not widely different in length. Hind tarsi short, much less than half as long as the tibiaa, the first and fourth joints, and the second and third joints, respectively subequal, the latter together much shorter than either of the others. Ovipositor equal in breadth throughout, when viewed laterally scarcely or not taperiug in the basal half. Table of the Species of Phrixocnemis. Hind tibiae of male strongly bowed ; distal hind tibial spurs of male as widely separated as the proximal trnculentus. Hind tibiae of male straight or almost straight; distal hind tibial spurs of male much more closely approximated than the proximal. Nearly uniform in coloring; vertex at tip, between upper bases of antennae, bituberculate ; four pairs of hind tibial spurs in the male validus. Distinctly particolored ; vertex at tip, between upper bases of antennae, not bituberculate ; five pairs of hind tibial spurs in the male bellicosus. PHRIXOCNEMIS TRUCULENTUS, sp. nov. Extreme apex of vertex with a slight depression. Body glabrous, pale luteous, becoming rufo-luteouson the dorsum, where it is heavily marked with blackish or blackish fuscous, particularly on the posterior margins of the segments, the abdominal segments almost wholly brownish fuscous with only an anterior luteous stripe, the meso- and metanotum more rufo-luteous than blackish fuscous, and the pronotum rufo-luteous above, luteous on the sides, with heavy fuscous markings, 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY. particularly an anterior bordering not reaching the lower margins and thrusting back subdorsal stripes which are broadly separated by rufo- luteous, all of which is sometimes very obscure ; legs luteous, the hind femora externally tinged with rufo-fuliginous, in which fuscous scalari- form markings more or less feebly appear. The antennae are moder- ately slender and the legs short. Fore femora considerably stouter than the middle femora, as long as () or less than a fifth longer than ( 9 ) the pronotum, and considerably less than half as long as the hind femora, the inner carina with two or three feeble denticulations ; fore tibiae subullate, considerably stouter than the middle tibiae. Middle femora with 13 short spines on the front carina, the hind carina with 4-5 very short but not very slight spines ( $ ) or 1-2 feeble denticula- tions ( 9 ), besides a very short inferior depending geuicular spine, at least in the 9 . Hind femora much shorter than the body, but con- siderably more than twice as long as the fore femora, stout and heavy, being in the