Is THE MODEL W0ED-B00K SEKIES. |B TH K OOEL ETYMOL^tY «*r SENTENCES |F SFAWTNG THE CORRECT USE OP WORDS. UC-NRLF SB 3D7 13M GIVING THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WORDS. BY A. C. WEBB, >CIPAL OF ZANF STREET GRAMMAR SCHOOL. PHILADELPHIA: ELDREDGE & BROTHER, 17 & 19 South Sixth Street. LIBRARY UNIVERSITY OF CAUfORWA ^y •€?> /&, /f2 2. j^^,/^w & THE MODEL WORD BOOK. No. 2. THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY, WITH SENTENCES SHOWING THE CORRECT USE OF WORDS; JOHN S. PRELL Civil & MecKanical Engineer, SAN FR^N^lSeO, CAL. GIVING THE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WOKDS*. By A. 0. WEBB, PRINCIPAL OP ZANE STREET GRAMMAR SCHOOL. FIFTH EDITION. PHILADELPHIA: ELDREDGE & BROTHER, 17 & 19 SOUTH SIXTH STREET. BOSTON ! WOODMAN So HAMMETT. STEW YORK : J. W. SCHERMERHORN & CO. BALTIMORE : J. W. BOND & CO. 186 9. Office of the Controllers of Public Schools, First District of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, October 12, 1867. At a meeting of the Controllers of Public Schools, First District of Pennsyl- vania, held at the Controllers' Chamber, October 7 th, 1867, the following Resolution was adopted: " Resolved, That the ' Model Definer ' and the ' Model Etymology ' be added to the list of text-books." From the Minutes : H. W. Halliwell, Secretary. Office of the Commissioners of Public Schools, Baltimore, April 29, 1868. At a meeting of the Commissioners of Public Schools, held this date, the follow- ing Resolution was unanimously adopted : " Resolved, That Webb's ' Model Etymology ' be adopted for use in the Public Schools in this city." Attest, H. M. Cowles, Secretary. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1867, by A. C. WEBB, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. f) r &'& J- FAGAN & SON, *^| ^L» STEREOTYPICS, PniLAD'A. ^J JL&ft Oh CAXTON PRESS OF IEEMAN & CO., PHILADELPHIA. Ada to Lib. GIFT JOH|Y S. PRELL Civil & Mechanical Engineer. SAN FRANCISCO, CAL. *^SL PREFACE. >?t€ THE "MODEL WORD-BOOK" SERIES. Ed^O CONSISTING OF ^jJfttei NO. 1. MODEL DEFINER, FOR BEGINNERS. NO. 2. MODEL ETYMOLOGY, UNIFORM WITH NO. 1. The importance of Words cannot be over-estimated. Education depends on a knowledge of the meaning and application of Words. Knowledge can be imparted and received only by the medium of words, correctly used and properly understood. The basis of a good education must be laid with words, well chosen, properly arranged, and firmly implanted in the mind. From the ricliness of the English Language, which gives many words to the same meaning, and many and diverse meanings to the same word, the proper use of a word cannot be deduced from its meaning. How, then, is the knowledge of the use of words to be imparted to children? Either by the teacher, or by conversation and reading. By the latter method, the knowledge acquired is limited in extent ; and as it is entirely dependent on the power of observation, the im- pressions received are faint and ill-defined, and the conclusions arrived at frequently incorrect. No teacher would think of teaching Arithmetic, by simply impart- ing the Rules, and then leaving to the child their correct application. Yet, the practice of Arithmetic might possibly be left to such teaching, inasmuch as Arithmetic is an exact science based on fixed principles, from which correct reasoning must deduce correct results. But no rea- soning can show to the child, who has learned "Deduce, to draw" that he must not say, "I tried to deduce the horse from the stable;" or, "Deciduous, falling." "The boy deciduous from the window, was killed." These are the errors of untrained children ; but the laughable mis- takes of intelligent foreigners, when they attempt to combine words 212 (v) Vl PREFACE. 9 according io their meaning, is conclusive proof of the proposition that, The only way by which the use of a word can be taught, is to give a sentence in which the word is correctly used. Even in his vernacular, an educated man would not use a word, which he had neither seen in writing, nor heard from the lips of a good speaker. Take, for instance, Uncial, relating to letters of a large size ; Interca- ate, to insert ; Fiduciary, firm, — what intelligent man would use these words, simply because he knew their meaning? How unjust and use- less, then, to demand of an ignorant and untrained child, that which no adult can give ; namely, the correct use of a word derived from its meaning only. Some teachers, convinced by experience of the necessity of illus- trative sentences, require children to procure them at home. But the importance and difficulty of the work demand, that it should not be left to the uncertainties of home teaching. The labor involved forbids that this essential part of education should be imposed on the parent. Like Arithmetic, or any other department of knowledge, it should be per- formed by the teacher, in the time specially set apart for mental training. The plan adopted in the "Model Word-Book Series " is not new. All good Dictionaries illustrate the meaning by a Model. To quote from a good author, a sentence containing the word, as proof of its correct use, is the only authority allowed. A simple trial of the work, either by requiring the child to form sentences similar to those given, or by memorizing the sentences as models for future use, will convince any one of the following ADVANTAGES TO BE DERIVED FROM THE "MODEL WORD- BOOK" SERIES. 1. Saving of time. 2. Increased knowledge of words. 3. Ease to teacher and scholar. 4. A knowledge of the correct use of words. A KEY, containing the Analysis of every word, which could present any diffi- culties o the learuer, is appended. THE MODEL WORD BOOK. No. 2. THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. PAET I. DEFINITIONS. Etymology is the science, which treats of the origin and derivation of words. A prefix is a syllable placed before a root ; as, in, not, in inarable, not arable (or capable of being tilled) ; con, with, or together, in connect, to tie together. A root is the radical or essential part of a word ; as, act-um in action, ann-us in annual. A suffix is a syllable placed after a root ; as, ant, one who ; tenant, one who holds ; ize, to make ; fertilize, to make fertile. I. PREFIXES, OF LATIN ORIGIN. AB, (with the form a,) signifies from or away ; absolve, avert. ABS, signifies from or away ; abstract. AD, (with the forms a, ac, af ay, al, am, an, ap, ar, as, at,) signifies to; advert, ascribe, acclaim, affix, aggrieve, allude, ammunition, an- nex, apportion, arrogate, assign, attain. AM, (with the form amb,) signifies round, or about; amputate, ambition. ANTE, (with the form anti,) signifies before; antecedent, anticipate. BE, signifies to make; befit. CIRCTJM, signifies round, or about; circumspect. CON, (with the forms co, coy, col, com, cor,) signifies with or toy ether ; connect, cohere, cognizance, colleague, compact, correct. CONTRA, (with the forms counter, contro,) signifies ayainst; contra- dict, countermand, controvert. 1* (7) 8 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. DE signifies down, or from; deduct. DIS, (with the forms di, dif,) signifies : 1. asunder, 2. apart, 3. away ; 1. differ, 2. divide, 3. dispel. DIS signifies not; disbelieve. EN signifies: 1. in, 2. on, 3. into, 4. to make, 5. not; 1. entrap, 2. engrave, 3. entomb, 4. enact, 6. enemy. EX, (with the forms e, ec, ef,) signifies out; exclude, emit, ecstasy, efflux. EXTRA signifies beyond; extraordinary. IN, (with the forms iff, il, tin, ir,) signifies: 1. in, 2. on, 3. into, 4. not; 1. inject, 2. impress, 3. illuminate, 4. ignoble. INTER, (with the forms enter, intel,) signifies between, among ; inter- ine, entertain, intellect. INTRO signifies within; introduce. MIS signifies wrong, erroneous; 1. misconduct, 2. misconception. NEG signifies not; neglect. NON signifies not; nonsense (no sense). OB, (with the forms o, oc, of, op, os,) signifies: 1. in the way, 2. against, 3. out; 1. obstruct, 2. oppose, 3. obviate. PER, (with the forms pel, pol,) signifies through, thoroughly; peram- bulate, pellucid, pollute. POST signifies after ; postscript. PRE signifies before; precede. PRO, (with the forms por, pur, pru,) signifies : 1. for, 2. forth, 3. for- ward, 4. out; 1. pronoun, 2. profuse, 3. promote, 4. protract; portray, pursue, prudent. PRETER signifies beyond; preternatural. RE, (with the form red,) signifies: 1. back, 2. again, 3. anew; 1. re- press, 2. re-elect, 3. recommend. RETRO signifies backwards; retrograde. SE signifies: 1. aside, 2. apart; 1. secede, 2. seclude. SINE, (with the forms sim, sin,) signifies without; sinecure, simply, eincere. SUB, (with the forms su, sue, suf, sug, sum, sup, sur, sus,) signifies under; /suspect, succeed, suffer, suggest, summon, support, surreptitious, sustain. SUBTER signifies under; subterfuge. SUPER, (with the form sur,) signifies: 1. above, 2. over, 3. more than enough; 1. supernatural, 2. supervise, 3. superfluous; surmount. TRANS, (with the form tra,) signifies: 1. over, 2. through, 3. be- yond; I. transgress, 2. transparent, 3. transmarine. UN signifies: 1. to deprive of, 2. not; 1. uncrown, 2. unable. UNDER signifies beneath, under ; underrate. WITH signifies from or against; withstand. II. SUFFIXES, OF LATIN ORIGIN. AC signifies of, "belonging, relating, we pertaining to; demoniac. ACEOUS signifies: 1. of, 2. consisting of, 3. like, or resembling; 1 ceta ceous, 2. foliaceous, 3. saponaceous. ACY signifies: 1. being, 2. state of being, 3. office of; 1. accuracy, 2. lunacy, 3. magistracy. AGE signifies: 1. a collection of, 2. being, or state of being, 3. an allow- ance for ; 1. foliage, 2. peerage, 3. wharfage. AL signifies: 1. of, belonging, relating, or pertaining to, 2. befitting or becoming ; 1. personal, 2. paternal. AN, or IAN, signifies : 1. one who, or the person that, 2. of, belonging, relating, or pertaining to; 1. artisan, 2. Christian, human. ANCE, or ANCY, (ENCE, or ENCY,) signifies: 1. being, or state of being, 2. Hng'; 1. vigilance, constancy, 2. acceptance, vagrancy. ANT signifies: 1. one who, or the person that, 2. 'ing'; 1. assail- ant, 2. abundant. AR signifies: 1. one who, 2. of, belonging, relating, or pertaining to, 3. having ; 1. scholar, 2. circular, 3. muscular. ARD signifies owe wAo; drunkard. ARY signifies: 1. one who, or the person that, 2. o/, belonging, relating, or pertaining to, 3. Me jp&zce where, 4. Me Mmo 1 Ma2; 1. adversary, 2. epistolary, 3. library, 4. boundary. ATjE signifies: 1. owe who, or Me person that, 2. having, being, 3. to wia&e, to oii>e, to put, or to to&e; 1. curate, 2. corporate, adequate, 3. as- similate, animate, illuminate, exonerate. BLE, ABLE, or IBLE, signifies: 1. may be, 2. can be, 3. worthy of, 4. fit to be; 1, visible, 2. portable, 3. contemptible, 4. eligible. CLE, or CULE, signifies little, or small; canticle, corpuscle, animal- cule. DOM (Saxon) signifies: 1. the place where, 2. state of being ; 1. duke- dom, 2. freedom. EE signifies: 1. one who, 2. one to whom; 1. absentee, 2. assignee. EER signifies, one who, or the person that; mountaineer. EN signifies: 1. made of, 2. to make; 1. wooden, 2. shorten. ENCE, or ENCY, (ANCE, or ANCY,) signifies: 1. being, or state of being, 2. Hng 1 ; 1. impudence, innocency, 2. confluence, refulgency. ENT signifies: 1. one who, or the person that, 2. being, or ing ; 1. student, 2. equivalent, pendent. (9) 10 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. ER signifies: 1. one who, or the person that, 2. more, 3. thing which; 1. teacher, 2. broader, 3. chapter. ESCENCE signifies state of growing or becoming; convalescence. ESCENT signifies growing or becoming; convalescent. ET signifies little, or small; closet. FUL signifies full of; careful. FY signifies to make ; magnify. IC, or ICAL, signifies of, belonging, relating, or pertaining to ; rustic, poetical. ICE signifies: 1. the thing that, 2. the quality of; 1. notice, 2. cow- ardice. ICS signifies: 1. the doctrine, or science of, 2. art of; 1. ethics, 2. pyro- technics. ID signifies: 1. being, 2. 'ing, ' 3. the thing that; 1. acrid, 2. splen- did, 3. fluid. ILE signifies: 1. belonging, relating, or pertaining to, 2. mag or can be, 3. easily; 1. hostile, 2. ductile, 3. docile. INE signifies of, belonging, relating, or pertaining to; marine. ION signifies: 1. the act of, 2. being, or state of being, 3. i ing i ; 1. ex- pulsion, 2. corruption, 3. friction. ISE, or IZE, signifies: 1. to make, 2. to give; 1. fertilize, 2. charac- terize. ISH signifies: 1. somewhat, 2. belonging to, 3. like, 4. to make; 1. blackish, 2. Spanish, 3. boyish, 4. publish. ISM signifies: 1. being, or state of being, 2. an idiom, 3. doctrine of; 1. barbarism, 2. anglicism, 3. Calvinism. 1ST signifies one who, or the person that ; novelist. ITE signifies one who, or the person that; having, ing, ITY, or TY, signifies being, or state of being ; ability. IVE signifies: 1. one who, or the person that, 2. having power, 3. that can, 4. 'ing 9 ; 1. captive, 2. persuasive, 3. corrective, 4. progressive. LET signifies little, or small; rivulet. LESS signifies without ; artless. LIKE signifies like, or resembling ; manlike. LY, for LIKE, signifies: 1. like, or resembling, 2. tn a manner or way; 1. princely, 2. abruptly. MENT signifies : 1. being, or state of being, 2. act of, 3. the thing that; 1. abasement, 2. accomplishment, 3. inducement. MONY signifies: 1. being, or state of being, 2. thing that; 1. acri- mony, 2. testimony. "VNESS (Saxon) signifies : 1. being, or state of being, 2. quality of being; 2. remoteness, 2. acuteness. OB signifies one who; the act of, ing; sensation; that which causes. SUFFIXES. 11 OKY signifies : 1. the place where, 2. thing that, 3. of, belonging, relat- ing, or pertaining to, 'ing' ; 1. armory, 2. memory, 3. consolatory, tran- sitory. OSE signifies full of; jocose. OUS signifies : 1. full of, 2. consisting of, 3. belonging to, 4. given to, 5. ( ing '; 1. populous, 2. aqueous, 3. cutaneous, 4. contentious, 5. te- nacious. RY (Saxon) signifies: 1. a being, 2. the art of, 3. the place where ; 1. bravery, 2. casuistry, 3. ferry. SHIP (Saxon) signifies : 1. the office of, 2. the state of; 1. clerk- ship, 2. apprenticeship. SOME signifies: 1. somewhat, 2. full of; 1. wearisome, 2. frolic- some. STEB signifies one who ; songster. TTJDE, or UDE, signifies being, or state of being ; multitude, quietude. TJLE signifies little, or small; globule. TJRE signifies: 1. the thing, 2. being, or state of being, 3. act of; 1. picture, 2. composure, 3. departure. Y signifies: 1. the being, state of being, 2. 'ing,' 3. full of, 4. covered with, 5. consisting of; 1. anarchy, 2. antipathy, 3. healthy, 4. flowery, 5. chalky. RECAPITULATION OF SUFFIXES. 1. BEING, OR STATE OF BEING. Acy, as accuracy. Ment, as abasement. Age, peerage. Mony, acrimony. Ance, or ancy ; Ness, remoteness-, ence, or ency, vigilance. Tude, or ude, multitude. Ion," corruption. Ure, picture. Ism, barbarism. Y, anarchy. Ity, or ty, ability. 2. BELONGING, RELATES 'G, OR PERTAINING TO. Ac, as demoniac. Ic, ical, as poetical* AI, personal. He, hostile. An, or ian, human. Ine, marine. Ar, circular. Ory, consolatory Ary, epistolary. 12 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3. ONE WHO, OR THE PERSON THAT. An, or ian, Ant, Ar, Ard, Ary, Ate, Ee, Eer, as artisan, assailant, scholar, drunkard, adversary, curate, absentee, mountaineer. Ent, Er, 1st, Ite, Ive, Or, Ster, as student, teacher, novelist, favorite, captive, captor, songster. 4. TO MAKE. Ate, En, Fy, as assimilate, shorten, magnify. Ise, or lze, Ish, as fertilize, publish. 5. LITTLE, OR SMALL. Cle, or cule, Et, as animalcule. 1 Ule, closet. 6. MAY, OR CAN BE. as globule. Able, or ible, Ble, as visible. 1 He, audible. | Ive, 7. LIKE, OR RESEMBLING. as ductile, corrective. Aceous, Ish, as saponaceous. 1 Like, boyish. | Ly, as manlike, princely. Escence, Escent, e 8. state of growing or becoming, rowing or becoming, convalescence, convalescent. 9. MISCELLANEOUS. Dom, state of being, as freedom. Id, thing that, fluid. Ice, thing that, notice. Ics, the doctrine, ethics. Less, without, artless. Ose, full of, as jocose. Ry, a place where, ferry .- Ship, the office of, clerkship. Some, somewhat, wearisome. MISCELLANEOUS EXERCISES IN PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES. WORDS DEFINED IN BOOK NO. 1. Acute, sharp. Act, to behave. Action, a performance. Agent, one intrusted with the busi- ness of another. Damage, injury. Exact, accurate. . Manage, to carry on. Exalt, to raise up. Animal, a living creature. Apt, quick of apprehension. Author, a writer of a book, (Libellus, a Libelous, defamatory. )small writing.) Libertine, a debauchee. 257. Licentious, unrestrained. (Licet, to be lawful.) Licentiate, one who has a license. Ligament, a ligature. 260. Literati, the learned. 267. Litigant, one who contends in a suit at law. 266. Malignant, virulent. 279. Maternal, relating to a mother. 284. Matrimony, marriage. 284. Matrimonial) relating to marriage. 284. UNDER LATIN ROOTS. 25 Medicated, impregnate 1 with any- thing medicinal. 286. Mediocrity, a moderate degree. 287. Mensuration, the art of measuring. (3Iensura, a measure.) Minion, a favorite. 300. Mobility, susceptibility of being moved. 316. Modulate, to vary in a musical man- ner. 306. Momentum, impetus. 316. Multifarious, of various kinds. 158, 317. Muniment, defence. 319. Mural, pertaining to a wall. 321. Natal, native. 324. Nomenclature, a peculiar system of technical names adopted in any science. 334. Notation, the art of writing figures. 334. Objective, relating to an object. 239. Oblong, longer than broad. 1.69. Oculist, one skilled in diseases of the eye. 342. Ossification, the process of changing into bone. 152. (Os, (ossis,) bone.) Ossify, to change into bone. 152. (Os, (ossis,) bone.) Pectoral, pertaining to the breast. 371. Percussion, a striking. 425. Pedigree, genealogy. 380. Peregrinate, to travel from place to place. 2. Plebeian, relating to the common people. 390. Posterior, later. 404. Premise, to state beforehand. 305. Primogeniture, state of being the first-born. 204, 412. Priority, precedence. 412. Probity, strict honesty. 414. Progeny, offspring. 204. Projectile, a body impelled by force, as a cannon-ball. 239. Prostitute, to devote to a base pur- pose. 485. Protuberance, a swelling. (Tuber, a swelling.) Proximate, nearest. 415. Puerility, childishness. 417. Pulsation, throbbing. 373. Punctilious, exact in the forms of ceremony. 420. Purport, meaning. 402. Purveyor, provider. 571. Pusillanimity, cowardice. (Pusillus, weak.) 13. Radical, fundamental. 434. Ramification, division into heads. (Ramus, a branch.) Ramify, to be divided. Razee, to cut down ships. 435. Regenerate, to implant holy affec- tions in the heart. 204. Regeneration, the entering into a new spiritual life. 204. Rendition, surrender, as of fugitives. 124. (Ren for red.) Reprehend, to reprove. 409. Reprisal, the act of taking from an enemy by way of indemnity. 409. Reprobate, one who is morally lost. 414. Repulsion, the act of repelling. 373. Respective, own. 497. Secularize, to convert from spiritual to common use. 470. Somnolency, sleepiness. 492. Stellar, pertaining to stars. 502. Suasion, persuasion. 508. Subcelestial, being beneath the heav- ens. 62. Sublunary, pertaining to this world. •274. Suborn, to cause to commit perjury. 353. Superficial, pertaining to the surface. 151. Supplicate, to entreat. 392. Tantamount, equivalent. (Tantus^ equivalent.) 310. Transit, the act of passing. 142. .Transverse, crosswise. 565. Trinity, one in three. 540, 551. Tubercle, a natural small projection. (Tuber, a swelling.) Ventriloquism, the act of speaking in such a manner, that the voice ap- pears to come from a distance. ( Venter, (ventris,) the belly.) 270. Ventriloquist, one who practises ven- triloquism. PRONUNCIATION OP LATIN WORDS. Note. — In this work, that part of the root which is not used in forming derivatives, is separated from the rest of the word by a hyphen. To those not familiar with Latin, the following directions for the pronunciation of Latin words may be useful. 1. Every word in Latin must have as many syllables as it has vowels or diphthongs ; as, viva voce, pronounced vi'va vo'ce. 2. C is pronounced like k before a, o, u; and like s before e, i, y, and the diphthongs ce and 02; as, cado, pronounced ka'do; cedo, pronounced se'do. 3. Ch is pronounced like k; as, chorus, pronounced ko'rus. 4. G is pronounced hard before a, o, u, and soft like^ before e, i, y, ce, 03 ; as, gusto, in which g is pronounced as in Augusta ; gero, pronounced je'ro. 5. A consonant between two vowels must be joined to the latter; as, bene, pronounced be / ne. 6. Two consonants in the middle of a word, not proper to begin a word, must be divided ; as, mille, pronounced miVle. 7. The diphthongs 03 and 03 are sounded like e; as, cwdo, pro- nounced ce / do. 8. Words of two syllables are accented on the first ; as, ager, pro- nounced a'jer. 9. When a word of more than one syllable ends in a, the a should be sounded like ah; as, musa, pronounced mu'sah. 10. Es, at the end of a word, is pronounced like the English word ease; as, miles, pronounced mi'les. 11. T, s, and c, before ia, ie, ii, to, iu, and eu, preceded imme- diately by the accent, in Latin words as in English, change into sh and zh; as, fa / cio, pronounced fa / sheo; sam/cio, pronounced san'- sheo ; spa / tium, pronounced spd'sheum. NOTE TO STUDENTS. When English words are derived from Latin verbs, they are generally derived from the present Indicative ; as, agent, from ago, I do, I perform; or from the supine of the verb ; as, actor, from actum, to do, to perform. When English words are derived from Latin nouns, they are generally derived from the Nominative case; as, iterate, from iter, a journey; or from the Genitive case; as, itiner- ate., from itineris, (of a journey,) the Genitive of iter. There is generally a part of the Latin word not used in forming the English derivative. In order to show the scholar this termination, we have separated it from the rest of the word by a hyphen; thus, the o in ag-o, us in ann-us, us in apt-us, eo in ard-eo, and is in brev-is, are not used in forming any English word. (26) PART II. LATIN ROOTS, A SENTENCE SHOWING THE CORRECT USE OF EACH WORD. 1. ACER'B-US, severe. A'CB IS, sharp. ACU'T-US, sharp. A'CID- US, sour. 4. Acidity, sourness. 5. Acumen, intellectual penetra- tion. 1. Acrimony, ill-nature. 1. Acerbity, harshness. 2. Acrid, biting. 3. Acidulate, to flavor with acid. 1. There was neither acrimony nor acerbity in the reprimand which Washington gave to Lee, after the battle of Monmouth, in 1778. 2. The acrid nature (324)f of pepper renders it very disagreeable in large quantities. 8. In tropical climates, the lower classes use vinegar to acidulate both food and drink. 4. The acidity of the juice of the lemon is very refreshing in warm weather. 5. John Adams, by his legal acumen, saved the life of Captain Preston, charged with homicide (220) in the Boston Massacre. 2. A'GEE, (A'GRI,*)afield. 1. Agriculture, the cultivation of the ground. * Nouns and adjectives in Latin have six cases : the Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Vocative, and Ablative. Words in which the root is either a noun or an adjective are generally derived from the Nominative Case; as, Ager, a field; or from the Genitive; as, Agri, of a field. In giving the root, the Nominative only is defined, and the Genitive is placed in a parenthesis. A few derivatives, (such as "peregrinate," &c.,) which are but little used, will be found defined in Part I, page 24. f Refers to Root 324, under which the word nature will be found. 3 (27) 28 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. Agriculture was the principal (47) occupation (47) of the ante- diluvians ( 121). Is it incorrect (438) to attribute (541) their longevity (147) to this cause ? 3. A'G-O, I do, I perform. ACT'-UM, to do, to perform. 1. Actuates, incites to action. 2. Actuary, clerk, o. Actual, real. 4. Cogent, forcible. 5. Enacted, decreed. 5. Transact, to do. 6. Exact, to take by authority. 7. Exigency, pressing necessity. 1. The motive (316) which actuates a person ought always to be taken into consideration in judging of his conduct (133). 2. It is customary for the actuary of a Literary (267) Institute, to advertise (565) for the payment of the annual dues. 3. If the British had been able (215) to ascertain the actual con- dition (124) of the soldiery (488) at- Valley Forge, in 1777-78, they would have been convinced (573), that they could never subjugate (242) such & people (400). 4. The most cogent argument (24) was not sufficient (152) to in- duce (133) Jackson to sign the bill, rechartering the Bank of the United States in 1832. 5. In 1765, Parliament enacted a law, that no legal (256) document (125j should be valid (555) without a stamp. As no merchant (293) could see the propriety (416) of the Stamp Act, the whole mercantile community (320) determined to transact no business requiring stamped paper. 6. One of the causes of the Revolution (584), was the attempt (522) of Great Britain to exact from the colonies (82) revenue (559), to be ap- plied to her own benefit (38). 7. In the latter part of 1776, success (57) seemed to follow the British arms (25) ; New York had been taken, and Washington, closely pursued (476) through New Jersey, had crossed the Delaware to Pennsylvania. In this exigency 9 Washington did not succumb (99), but, to the surprise (409) of the British, recrossed the Delaware, and defeated the Hessians at Trenton. 4. A'LI-US, or ALIE'N-US, another, foreign. 4. Inalienable, incapable of being transferred. 1. Aliens, foreigners. 2. Alienated, estranged. 3. Alienation, estrangement. 1. In reference (167) to aliens, the Constitution (485) provides, that no person (379) except (47) a natural (324) born citizen (72) is eligible (253 y v to the Presidency (471). 2. In 1779, Arnold's trial by court-martial irritated his irascible (236 disposition, and alienated his affection (152) from his country. LATIN ROOTS. 29 3. Arnold's alienation lasted till his decease (57), and he never wished even to advert (5.5) to his country. 4. Life, liberty, (257) and the pursuit (476) of happiness, are the inalienable rights of every one in the United States. 5. A'L-O, I feed, I nourish. AL'IT-UM, or AL'T-UM, to feed, to nourish. 1. Aliment, nutriment. I 3. Coalesce, unite- 2. Coalition, union. 1. The commissary (305) who provided (571) proper aliment for the sick soldiers, and such palliation (800) of their sufferings as the case would admit (305), is worthy of an annuity for life. 2. In 1648, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Plymouth, and New Haven, formed a coalition for mutual protection (518) and defence. o. Oil and water will not coalesce ; oil, being lighter than water, rises to the top. 6. AL'TER, another. ALTER'N-US, by turns. 4. Alternative, a choice be- tween two things. 1. Altercation, angry dispute. 2. Alternately, by turns. 3. Alternation, alternate action. 1. The constant (485) altercation which took place between Mason and the people of New Hampshire, was only settled by calling in an arbitrator (20). 2. The Legislature (256) of Connecticut is in session (471) alternately at Hartford and New Haven. 3. The alternation of day and night is caused by the rotation (448) of the earth upon its axis. 4. In 1776, it became evident, that the only alternative was sub- mission (305), or a declaration (75) of independence. 7. AL'T-US, lofty. 1. Altitude, height. 1. The altitude of the highest mountain is found, by accurate (102) measurement, to be 5J miles. 8. AM'BUL-0, I walk. AMBULA'T-UM, to walk. 1. Perambulate, to walk through. 1. Queen Elizabeth loved to perambulate the rural (452) dis tricts,and hear the rustic (452) people laud (251) "Good Queen Bess!" 9. A'M-0, I love. AMA'T-UM, to love. AM IC-US, a friend. I. Amicable, friendly. I 2. Enmity, hostility." 1. Amity, friendship. | 3. Inimical, unfriendly. 30 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. The most amicable relations existed between Massasoit and the Plymouth settlers in 1620, and a treaty (538) of amity was made, which was not broken until King Philip became hostile (224) in 1675. 2. Such was the enmity of the Indians to the colony of Virginia, that hostilities (224) commenced in 1609. 3. When Hull, in 1812, determined to relinquish (263) the territory (527) already acquired in Canada, he was considered inimical to the American cause. 10. AM'PL-TJS, large. 1. Amply, abundantly. 2. Amplify, to enlarge. 3. Amplitude, extent. 4. Amplification, the act of di- lating upon all the particu- lars of a subject. 1. The Croton aqueduct (19), constructed for the purpose of supply- ing (391) New York with water, is capable (47) of providing amply for the wants of the whole city. 2. Nothing is more tedious in an orator (354), than a tendency (520) to amplify too much. 3. The amplitude of the universe (551) may well excite (68) won- der, even in the mind of a scientific (466) man. 4. In his preliminary (261) remarks, Webster's argumentative (24) style is terse (524) and concise (41), but his amplification is in the highest degree (207) eloquent (270). 11. AN'G-0, 1 vex. ANX'I, I am vexed. 1. Anxiety, solicitude. 1. Great anodety was felt in 1807, for the four sailors of tne Chesapeake, given up as deserters (477). 12. AN'GUL-TJS, a corner. 1. Angular, having corners. 1. A terrible (528) desperado (498), sentenced to solitary (490) confine- ment (176), declared he would have been insane (460), if his cell had been circular (71) instead of angular, 13. AN'IMA, the life, the vital air. AN'IM-US, the mind. 1. Animalcule, a minute animal. 1. Animation, liveliness. 1. Unanimity, agreement in opinion. 2. Animadverted, commented on by way of censure. 2. Animosity, violent hatred. 3. Animate, to stimulate. 4. Magnanimity, greatness of mind. 5. Unanimous, of one mind. 6. Equanimity, evenness of mind. 1. In a meeting of the Philosophical Association (486), the discussion (425) as to the formation (187) of the animalcule was carried on LATIN ROOTS. 31 with great animation; but there was no unanimity until a microscope settled the question (428). 2. Hamilton animadverted severely (480) upon the political course of the Vice-President (471), but entirely without animosity. 3. Previous to the battle of Trenton, 1776, Washington endeavored to animate the soldiers to renewed effort (189), by showing that the cause was not desperate (498), and by promising (305) a bounty (38) to all who would remain. 4. If Burr had had a particle (365) of magnanimity, he would never have sought to revenge (574) himself, by taking the life of his opponent (399). 5. After the evacuation of Philadelphia, and the success at Mon- mouth, it was decided, by a unanimous vote, to go to White Plains. 6. Washington bore with equanimity the misfortune (188) of losing New York in 1776, and flying like a fugitive (197) before Corn- wall! s. 14. AN'N-US, a year. 1. Annals, a series of historical events. 2. Septennial, happening every seven years. 2. Biennial, happening every two years. 3. Superannuated, impaired by old age and infirmity. 4. Perennial, lasting through the year. 5. Millennium, a thousand yeara of peace. 1. When Watson wrote his "Annals of Philadelphia," the anti- quated (16) house occupied (47) by William Penn was still standing, in Second Street, above Walnut. 2. The members of the Convocation (580) first decided that the meet- ings should be septennial, but finally (176) reversed (565) the deci- sion (41), and made them biennial, 3. Had Gen. Prescott been superannuated, and unable to resist (485) Col. Barton, his capture (47) would still have been ridiculous (442) ; but we are scarcely able to restrain (506) our risible (442) faculties, at the thought of the supercilious (513) General, accustomed to domineer (127) over the province (5*73) of Rhode Island, carried from his bed almost in a state of nudity (338). 4. A plant (387) or shrub, whose stem can remain (281) in the ground all the year, is called perennial. 5. On examining the Scriptures (467), we find that several writer predict (117) a time of peace (369) on earth, called the millennium, m which the most ferocious (166) beasts will become harmless. 15. AN'NUL-US, a ring. 1. Annular, in the form of a ring. 3* 32 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. An annular eclipse is not a common (820) event (559), as a con- currence of circumstances is necessary to produce (133) the result (456). 16. ANTI'QU-US, old, ancient. 1. Antiquary, one who seeks an- I 1. Antique, ancient. cient things. Antiquated, out of date. (14.) 1. Nothing is more precious (411) to the antiquary 9 than some antique relic (263) of elaborate (246) workmanship. 17. APE'RI-0, 1 open. APERT-UM, to open. 1. Aperture, an opening. 1. Some of the Roman soldiers gained access (57) to Jerusalem by an aperture in the wall. 18. AP'T-TJS, fit, meet. 1. Adapt, to fit. | 2. Aptitude, disposition. 1. The preceptor (47) should endeavor to adapt his teaching to the capacity (47) of each scholar. 2. His aptitude for learning, and the facility (152) with which he executed every kind of penmanship, enabled him to make a most ex- cellent counterfeit (152). Aqueduct, a channel for water. (10.*) 19. A'QUA, water. 1. Aqueous, watery. 2. Aquatic, living in the water. 3. Terraqueous, consisting of land and water. 1. The aqueous portion of the earth greatly preponderates (398) over the solid (488) or earthy part. 2. An aquarium is a convenient arrangement for observing (479) the habits of aquatic animals. 3. This terraqueous globe is admirably (301) adapted for the habitation (215) of human (220) beings. 20. AR'BITER, a judge or umpire. 1. Arbitrate, to decide between opposing parties. 2. Arbitrary, not governed by fixed rule. Arbitrator, a judge appointed by parties to decide between them. (6.) 1. During the war of 1812, between the United States and England, Russia offered to arbitrate, 2. Both countries refusing (200) to accept (47) the mediation (287) of Russia, England continued her arbitrary conduct. * Refers to sentem es under Root 10, among which aqueduct will be found. LATIN ROOTS. 33 21. ARBOR, a tree. 1. Arbor, a bower. 1. As the leaves of the grape-vine (575) are deciduous (40), and its stem pliant (392), it is an appropriate (416) covering for a summer arbor, 22. AK'C-EO, I hinder or restrain. 1. Coerce, compel by force. | 2. Coercion, force. 1. Washington had too much discernment (65), to suppose that he could coerce volunteers (582) to remain in the army. 2. Washington had no wish to exasperate (29) the insurgents, but he determined to resort (494) to coercion 9 rather than permit (305) an infringement (191) of the law. 23. AR'D-EO, I burn, I desire earnestly. AR'S-UM, to burn, to desire earnestly. 1. Ardent, passionate. I 3. Arson, setting fire to a dwell- 2. Ardor, earnestness. ing. 1. The ardent desire of Wolfe to take Quebec was gratified (210) in 1759. 2. The ardor of Wesley led him, whilst he was a missionary (305) in Georgia, to perform almost incredible (92) labors. 3. So dreadful are the consequences of arson, that no community should allow a person to commit (305) the offence (165) with impunity (421) ; in some countries it is common to incarcerate (49) the criminal (96), in others to decapitate (48) him. 24. AR'GU-0, 1 argue. 1. Argue, to reason. I Argumentative, containing ar- Argument, a reason offered. (3.) | gument. (10) 1. Pocahontas, finding it useless to argue with the Indians, deter- mined (525) to notify (334) the colonists of their danger. 25. AE/M-A, arms, weapons. 1. Armistice, a cessation of hos- tilities. 2. Armament, a naval warlike force. 2. Armada, a naval warlike force. 3. Armory, the place where arms are kept. 4. Armor, defensive clothing. 1. In 1847, Scott consented to an armistice, and our Government considering this an auspicious (32) period, sent Nicholas P. Trist to negotiate (355) peace 5. Army, a number of soldiers organized under officers. 6. Armorer, one who makes arms. 7. Disarm, to deprive of weapons. 8. Arm, to take arms. Arms, weapons. (3.) 34 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. Raleigh sent out his third expedition (380) in 1587, but Spain having invaded England with a powerful armament, called the " Invincible A.rmada/' the colony failed for want of supplies. 3. On the first appearance of defection (152) in Boston, Gage placed a strong guard around the armory. 4. The wearing of armor has fallen into disuse (552) since the in- vention (559) of gunpowder. 5. The condition of the army in 1776, made it impossible (403) for Washington to act on the offensive (165). 6. Every artisan (27), whether an armorer or not, was employed in the manufacture (152) of arms and ammunition (319). 7. Nothing could be more futile, than the attempt of George III. to disarm the colonists. 8. "I deprecate (407) war," said John Adams; "but it is inevitable (578), and it is our duty to arm as rapidly (437) as possible. 26. A'B-0, I plough. 1. Inarable, not fit for tillage. | 1. Arable, fit for tillage. 1. The first donation (124) to Culpepper and Arlington, comprised (409) only forests and inarable lands; but finally the colonists had to yield some of their best arable fields to the rapacious (437) monarch. 27. ARS, (AR'T-IS,) art, skill. 1. Artifice, stratagem. 2. Artless, without fraud. 2. Artist, one skilled in art. 2. Artificial, made by art. 1. In 1775, General Gage resorted to every artifice, to conceal (61) his design of seizing the stores at Concord. 2. An artless little girl, while walking in an aviary, delighted the artist, by mistaking an artificial bird, which he had placed there, for a real one. 3. The great painter, Rubens, displayed such art in the manage- ment of his subject (239), that it excited the admiration (301) of every spectator. 4. An artful impostor endeavored to obtain money from his auditory (30), by asserting that he could move inert bodies, by the mere force of his will. 28. ARTIC'UL-TJS, a joint or limb. 1. Articulation, utterance of I 2. Inarticulate, indistinct, the elementary sounds. 1. Whitfield's articulation was so distinct, that every word was easily understood by an immense audience (30). 3. Art, skill. 4. Artful, cunning. Artisan, artificer. (25.) Artificer, artisan. (25.) LATIN ROOTS. 35 2. Demosthenes, finding his speech very inarticulate, resorted to every expedient to improve it, and labored with the most exem- plary (148) patience (368) and perseverance (480), until he could speak distinctly. 29. ASTER, rough. 1. Asperity, harshness. | Exasperate, to enrage. (22.) 1. In 1781, the most strenuous efforts were made to procure (102) a pardon for Isaac Hayne. Judge Balfour, however, was inexorable (354), and, with great asperity and bitter invective (556), subjected (239) him to the ignominy (334) of dying on a gibbet. 30. AU'DI-0, 1 hear. AUDI'T-UM, to hear. 1. Audit, to examine an ac- Audience, an assembly of hear- count. ers. (28.) 2. Audible, that can be heard. Auditory, an assembly of hear- ers. (27.) 1. When the committee came to audit the accounts of Arnold, they were astonished at the enormity (333) of the fraud. 2. The vision (571) of the celestial (62) hosts (224), as they announced, with audible voice (580), the incarnation (50), must have filled the shepherds with rapture (437). 31. AUG'-EO, I increase. ATJC'T-UM, to increase. AUXI'II-UM, a helper. 4. Author, a writer of a book or other document. 5. Auxiliary, helping. 6. Authority, legal power. 1. Auctioneer, one who holds an auction. 2. Augment, to increase. 3. Authorized, empowered. 3. Auction, a sale by bidding more and more. 1. In order to make such vociferous (167) cries, an auctioneer must constantly (485) expand (358) his lungs. 2. The wise and judicious measures of Hamilton to augment the funds in the Treasury, and to restore the value of the depreciated (411) currency, placed the credit of the United States on a firm basis. 3. Charles II. authorized Culpepper and Arlington to sell the lands in Virginia by auction. 4. Milton derived very little benefit from the publication (400) of the works on divorce, of which he was the author, 5. Taylor's campaign in 1846 was antecedent (57), and auxiliary to the capture of Mexico by Scott. 6. The people of New Hampshire contended that Mason had no authority to exact rent for the land. 36 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3. Inauspicious, unfavorable. 4. Augury, an omen. Auspicious, favorable. (25.) 32. AU'GUR, (AUS'PIC-IS,) a soothsayer. 1. Auspices, the omens of an undertaking. 1. Augur, to predict. 2. Inaugurate, to invest with an office by solemn rites. 1. Columbus commenced his voyage under such favorable auspices,, as led Isabella to augur success. 2. It is customary to inaugurate the President on the portico of the Capitol. 3. Inauspicious as was the loss of Gilbert's expedition, it did not deter (528) Elizabeth from making another attempt. 4. When Magellan undertook the circumnavigation (326) of the globe, he accepted as a favorable augury,th.e appearance of a beautiful dove flying over the vessel. 33. BAR 'BAR-US, rude, savage. 1. Barbarous, savage. 1. De Soto, though often attacked by the barbarous tribes, pressed on until he reached the Mississippi. 34. BEAT-US, happy, blessed. 1. Beatitude, a blessing pronounced. 1. The compassion (868) of the Saviour for the suffering (167) inci- dent (40) to humanity (220), is exhibited in each beatitude, 35. BEL'L-UM, war. 1. Rebellion, insurrection. [ 1. Rebel, one who revolts. 1. When the rebellion in Canada commenced, a rebel might have had a transient hope of ultimate (547) success. 36. BI'B-0, 1 drink. 1. Imbibed, drank in. 1. Aaron Burr may not have been an inebriate (136), but that he imbibed ardent spirits freely at the time of the duel (134), there can be no doubt. 37. BIS, twice. BI'N-I, two by two. 1. Combine, to unite. 1. Hamilton was said to combine the finest colloquial (270) powers, with great profundity (201) of learning. LATIN ROOTS. 37 38. BONUS, good. BENE, good, well. 1. Beneficent, kind, doing good. 2. Benign, kind. 3. Benignity, graciousness. 4. Benefice, church-living. 5. Benediction, a blessing. 5. Benefaction, benefit con- ferred. 6. Beneficial, advantageous. Benefit, advantage. (3.) Bounty, premium. (13.) 1. In the beneficent character of Oglethorpe, we discern (65) a great similarity (482) to that of William Penn. 2. Sir Harry Vane, a compatriot (367) of Cromwell, was noted for hi benign and affable manner. 3. The benignity and goodness of Henry the Fourth of France, made the populace (400) almost revere (562) him. 4. In 1592, many a Doctor (125) of divinity (123) resigned (481) his benefice, and became a refugee (197), rather than submit to the law of Conformity (187). 5. The father of William Penn was so angry at his son, for what he deemed his fanaticism, that he refused him his benediction, and would have deprived him of the King's benefaction. 6. Penn, in 1701, granted a new charter, whose provisions were very beneficial to the colony. 39. BREV'-IS, short. 1. Brevity, conciseness. I 3. Brief, short. 2. Abbreviate, to shorten. ) 1. In the address of the first Continental Congress, the introductory (133) remarks were written with great brevity, and with a simplicity and candor (44), which forced conviction (573) on the mind. 2. Before an article is available (555) for popular (400) reading, it is frequently necessary for an editor to abbreviate it. 3. Give a brief account of that troublesome malcontent (279), Clay- borne, who kept Maryland in such a turbulent state. 40. CA'D-0, I fall. CA'S-TJM, to fall. 6. Coincidence, concurrence. 7. Decay, gradual failure of soundness. Deciduous, falling. (21.) Incident, apt to happen. (34.) 1. Cadence, fall of the voice. 2. Occasion, time of particular occurrence. 3. Casual, happening by chance. 4. Casualty, accident. 5. Coincided, agreed. 1. There was a sweet cadence in the tones of Mary Queen of Scots, and an affability (158) of manner, which seemed to inspire (499) her attendants with the most ardent affection. 2. Washington was the object of much detraction (538) and calumny, and on no occasion was the digni y (120) of his character more clearly 38 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. exhibited, than in his pertinacious (521) adherence to his resolution,to take no notice of these slanders. 8. A casual remark betrayed the precise locality (268) of Wayne, and enabled Grey to perform the horrible deed, which has loaded his name with infamy (154). 4. By an unfortunate casualty in 1777, Arnold was unable to re- tain his command. 5. To Washington, familiar with Indian warfare, the fallacy (153) of Braddock's arguments was apparent (362), and in a modest manner he showed that the troops were in danger of total destruction (507) ; but as no officer coincided, with Washington, Braddock considered his advice impertinent (521). 6. The decease of two ex-Presidents on the anniversary of our Inde- pendence, is a remarkable coincidence, 7. The author of "American Forest-Trees" explains (388), in the most lucid (276) manner, the mode of transplanting (387) indigenous trees, so as to prevent the decay of the roots. 41. CJE'D-0,* I cut, I kill. OE'S-UM, to cut, to kill. 1. Decide, to determine. 2. Excise, a duty on manufac- tured goods. 2. Precision, exactness. 3. Excision, a cutting out. 4. Decisive, conclusive. 4. Infanticide, killing an infant. 4. Parricide, killing a father or mother. 5. Incision, a cut. Concise, brief. (10.) Decision, determination. (14.) 1. No impartial (365) historian would palliate (360) the crime of Dunmore, but would be quick to decide,th&t he was no better than an incendiary (44). 2. To calculate (43) the excise with great precision 9 the assessor must visit each manufactory (282). 3. The excision Act, by which many a curate (102) was compelled to practise dissimulation (482), or to expatriate (367) himself, was passed by Elizabeth. 4. Our penal (376) code (81) is decisive on the question, that infanticide and parricide are capital (48) crimes. 5. Portia resorted to no supernatural (324) means to defeat Shylock, but with feminine (164) ingenuity (204), required him to make an in- cision without drawing blood. 42. CAL'E-0, 1 am warm or hot. 1. Scald, to burn with a boiling fluid. 1. When the Romans were able to encircle (71) Jerusalem, and con- tract their lines until they were in close proximity (415) to the walls, * Cmdo, pronounced ce'do ; cccsum, pronounced ce'sum. Candor, sincerity. (39.) Incendiary, one who sets houses on fire. (41.) LATIN ROOTS. 39 the wretched inhabitants poured down boiling water to scald their besiegers. 43. CAL'CUL-TJS, a little pebble. Calculate, to reckon. (41.) 44. CAN'D-EO, I glow with heat. 1. Incentive, inducement. 2. Candidate, one proposed for office. 3. Candid, ingenuous. 1. The prospect of a remuneration (320) for labor was such an incentive, that large numbers were induced to emigrate (295) to Virginia in the seventeenth century (64). 2. There is no provision (571) in the Constitution, that the candi- date for Vice-President shall not be from the same State as the President. 3. Nathan Hale was a man of rectitude (438), and in the most can- did manner acknowledged his repugnance (418) to becoming a spy; but as it was essential (511) to the success of the American cause, he consented to enter the British lines, although he had a presentiment (473), that he would never return. 45. CA'N-IS, a dog. Canine, pertaining to dogs. 1. The fidelity (171) of the canine race, leads man to repose (399) the greatest confidence (171) in them. 46. CAN'T-US, a song. 1. Canticle, the Song of Solo- mon. 2. Incantation, enchantment. 3. Chant, a kind of sacred music. 3. Descant, discourse. 4. Enchants, delights highly. 5. Recant, to retract. 1. The Canticle contains some of the most beautiful Oriental (352) imagery (228) to be found in the language. 2. The jugglers of the East practise their incantation upon snakes, and many species (497) of vermin (564). 3. Snake charmers sometimes lie prostrate (503) before the snake, as if in adoration (354) ; sometimes they sing a low chant, and at others descant in a tedious oration (354), on their power over evil spirits. 4. If the effulgence (198) of the setting sun enchants the beholder, what must be the rapture,when the glorious radiance (433) of heaven bursts upon the sight. 4 40 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 6. The enemies of John Huss persecuted (476) him with such malty* nity (279), that they refused him an advocate (580). Huss evinced no perturbation (546), b\.t in the most placid (386) manner, announced his irrevocable (580) determination never to recant, 47. CA'PI-O, I take. CAP'T-UM, to take. 1. Capacious, spacious. 2. Capacitate, to enable. 3. Captious, cavilling. 4. Captivate, to charm. 5. Acceptable, pleasing. 6. Anticipation, expectation. 7. Conceive, have an idea. 8. Conception, idea. 9. Incipient, commencing. 10. Unprincipled, profligate. 11. Participate, to share. 11. Intercept, to seize by the way. 12. Perceptible, capable of being perceived. 13. Principle, fixed law. 14. Receive, to take. 14. Receipt, acknowledgment for 15. Receptacle, that which re- ceives or contains. 16. Susceptible, capable of being affected. 16. Recipe, a medical prescrip- tion. 17. Recipient, one who takes. 18. Precept, a rule given. Accept, to receive. (20.) Capable, able. (10.) Capacity, ability. (18.) Capture, seizure. (14.) Except, with exclusion of. Occupation, employment. (2.) Occupied, inhabited. (14.) Preceptor, a tutor. (18.) Principal, chief. (2.) money paid. 1. A capacious edifice (137) intended to accommodate (306) a large conyreyation (212), should be well supplied with means of ingress and egress. 2. To capacitate the mind to judge correctly, care must be taken to keep it free from. prejudice (241). 3. Elizabeth of England was of a captious and imperious (229) disposition. 4. Elizabeth, when petulant (381) and repulsive (373), still expected her imayinary (228) charms to captivate every beholder. 5. How acceptable to the Americans, must have been the torrents of rain which swelled the Catawba. 6. The anticipation of a speedy cessation (57) of the war, induced Cornwallis to reiterate (237) the statement, that it was already ended. 7. Charles I. could not conceive that it was prejudicial (2±\)toh.im, to detain the Puritans in England. 8. How long did Newton ponder on the subject, before the concep- tion of the principle of yravitation (211) entered his mind? 9. The incipient measures for the manumission (282) of the slaves in the West Indies, only changed the relation (167) to that of master and apprentice. LATIN ROOTS. 41 10. It was easy for Smith to predict the evils which would ensue, when the colony of Virginia was left under the domination (127) of the unprincipled men, who infested (170) it. 11. As each soldier was to participate in the plunder, the great- est effort was made to intercept the supplies for General Hull. 12. An eminent (298) astronomer saw, that there was a perceptible deviation (570) in the course of one of the planets. 13. As he could account for it on the principle of gravitation only, it was conclusive (77) to his mind, that another planet was near. He watched night after night, and at last discovered the planet Neptune. 14. It is a good rule, never to receive payment of a debt without giving a receipt. 15. The Morgue is a receptacle for dead bodies, where they re- main until their friends are able to identify (226) them. 16. Knowing that the patient was^ very susceptible to the influence (185) of medicine (286), the recipe was written with great care. 17. Elizabeth, after her accession (57), showed great discrimination (65) in making Lord Burleigh the recipient of the highest honors. 18. Every moral precept contained in the Mosaic Law, proves that Moses was a wise legislator. 48. CAP'-TJT, (CAP'IT-IS,) the head. 1. Recapitulating, repeating 5. Precipitate, hasty. again. 6. Precipice, an abrupt de- 2. Capitation, countingby heads. clivity. 3. Precipitately, hastily. Capital, punishable with 4. Capitulate, to surrender on death. (41.) conditions. Decapitate, to behead. (23.) 1. In a recent lecture (253) on the extensive (520) migration (295) to the New World, John Bright, when recapitulating the causes of the miseries of Ireland, named as the most prominent, the extrava- gance (554) of the nobility, and the oppression and extortion (535) to which the poor are subjected. 2. Congress has no power to impose a capitation tax, except in proportion to a census (63) taken every decade. 3. Lincoln, when attacked in 1780 by the superior (513) force of Clinton, did not precipitately surrender Charleston. 4. Lincoln continued to defend (165) Charleston, until further resist- ance was useless, and he was obliged to capitulate. 5. The First Continental Congress, in 1774, made no precipitate declaration of war, but adopt ed pacific (369) measures. 6. The ascent of the Alps can be accomplished (391) with proper precau- tion (54), but the whole community must deplore (393) the many incau- 42 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. tious attempts of travellers, who have been dashed to pieces over the precipice. 49. CAR'CES, a prison. 1, Incarcerate, to imprison. (23.) 50. CA'RO, (CAR'N-IS,) flesh. 1. Carnage, slaughter 1. Carcass, a dead body. 2. Incarnate, embodied in flesh. Charnel-house, a place for de- positing dead bodies. Incarnation, the taking of a body of flesh. (30.) 1. Much censure (63) was cast on Braddock,for the fearful carnage in the expedition to Fort Du Quesne. Long after the defeat, the body of a soldier, or carcass of a noble horse, remained to shock the traveller. 2. The Deity (114) became incarnate 9 not in the similitude of angels, but in the form of a servant (479). 3. A walk through the subterranean (527) charnel-house of Paris is calculated to fill the beholder with horror ; the interminable (525) passages lined with the corrupt (451) and ghastly remains, the walls humid (225) with the exhalations (21 8) of decaying bodies, the imaginary movement (31G) of a pall (360) or limb, all aggravate (211) the emotion (316) caused by this doleful (126) abode. 51. CA'R-TJS, dear, kind. 1. Caress, to fondle. 1. The fierceness of the lion has been so subdued, that his keeper has not feared to caress him. 52. CASTI'G-0, I chastise. 1. Castigation, punishment. I 2. Castigate, to punish by J stripes. 1. The Jews were forbidden to inflict (182) a severer castigation than thirty-nine stripes. 2. To castigate those in servitude (479) for trifling offences, only makes the character more obdurate (135). 53. CAU'S-A, a cause. 1. Accusations, charges. | 2. Accused, charged with crime. 1. When fortune forsook Wolsey, many accusations were brought against him, and by the King's order he was arrested. 2. Wolsey' s indomitable (128) will sustained him under every mortifi- cation (314), until the King accused him of contumacy (544) and duplicity (134). LATIN ROOTS. 43 54. CATJ'T-IO, caution* 1. Caution, prudence in respect I Precaution, previous care. (48.) to danger. 1. By taking a circuitous (71) route, and using great caution, Col. Barton captured General Prescott in his dormitory (180), and transported (402) him to the American lines, before the guard could interpose (399). 55. CAVIL'L-A, a cavil. 1. Cavil, frivolous objection. 1. To every cavil and jeer, Columbus only replied, "Give me the means, and I will prove the truth of my theory. " 56. CA'V-US, hollow. 1. Excavate, to hollow out. I 2. Excavation, a cavity made I by digging. 1. The workmen employed to excavate the ground, for the founda- tion (201) of a building in France, discovered in a stratum of clay some arrow-heads, probably placed there at a remote period. 2. Such was the hostility (224) of the Indians in 1644, that the Vir- ginians were obliged to make a large excavation in the declivity (80) of an adjacent (238) hill, to which they could resort for concealment (61). 57. CE'D-0, 1 yield, I go away. CES'S-UII, to yield, to go away. 10. 11. Success, favorable result. Accede, to agree. Accessory, rendering aid. Ancestor, a person from whom one is distantly a descendant. Concede, to admit. Excess, more than enough. Excessive, exceeding. Incessant, without pause. Precedence, superiority. Succession, series. Intercede, to request in be- half of another. Intercession, the act of in- terceding. Predecessor, one who was in a place before another. 12. Precedent, an example. 13. Procedure, manner of pro- ceeding. 14. Secession, withdrawing. 15. Recede, to go back. 16. Ceaseless, unending. 17. Successive, following in or- der. Access, entrance. (17.) Accession, coming to the throne. (47.) Antecedent, going before. (31.) Cessation, discontinuance. (47.) Decease, death. (4.) 1. When England adhered with such pertinacity (521) to the "Right of Search," and refused to adjust (244) the difficulty by compromise (305), Russia offered to mediate (287), but without success* 4* 44 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. As the United States found it impossible Jlo accede to the pro* posals of Great Britain, it was determined to prosecute (476) the war with renewed vigor (572). 3. That Burr was guilty of treason may be dubious (132) ; but, unless the witnesses committed perjury (243), it is positive that he was accessory to some project, of erecting an empire (229) west of the Mississippi. 4. The lineal (264) descendants of Henry VII. are found in the House of Tudor and House of Stuart ; but no sovereign of the lineage (261) of Stuart,exhibits any of the qualities of his great ancestor, 5. The Secretary of State positively refuses to concede to a neutral (330) power, the right to supply the enemy with the munitions of war. 6. As the United States has a large excess of cereal productions, the merchant is able to export (402) grain, and import (402) linen (265), linseed (265), and other articles of merchandise (293). 7. The excessive use of ardent spirits induced Congress, in 1790, to lay a tax on every distillery (604), not so much to promote (316) sobriety (136), as to increase (95) the revenue* 8. After the conquest (428) of England, William hoped to pass his days in peace, but the incessant quarrelling of his sons for prece- dence-, and a succession of adverse events, rendered the latter part of his life miserable (303). 9. Some of the most celebrated (58) of the nobles were induced, by the youth and innocence (332) of Lady Jane Grey, to intercede with the Queen, that she would exercise her clemency (78). 10. Notwithstanding the intercession of the nobles, Queen Mary carried out her sanguinary (459) purpose, and Lady Jane Grey met her fate with womanly fortitude (189), declaring that she suffered on account of her filial (173) obedience, and not in consequence of ambition (142). 11. Martin Van Buren considered the suspension (374) of specie pay- ments, to be the natural consequence (476), of a series (477) of injurious (244) measures, carried on during the administration (299) of his pre- decessor, 12. The election (253) of a person to the Presidency for the third time, is not illegal (256) ; but as Washington established the prece- dent of serving but twice, it has been thought best to follow his example (148). 13. Each House prescribes (467) the mode of procedure , for the expulsion (373) of a member for a transgression (207) of its rules. 14. The secession from the Church of England, of a few persons, regarded as vulgar (587) and fanatic (157), has produced a denomina- tion (334) of great power and numerical (340) strength. LATIN ROOTS. 45 15. Canute, in order r to reprove his obsequious (476) followers, issued his mandate (280) to the wide expanse (358) of ocean, and then waited for the waves to recede* 16. As the undulating (549) waters, disregarding his command (280), continued to advance, he reminded his followers, that he was but an earthly potentate (403), and that none but the omnipotent (345) God, the Lord of the sea, could stop its ceaseless flow. 17. In 1776, the American soldiers were reduced almost to despair, by each successive reverse. 53. CEL'EBR-IS, renowned, famous. 3. Celebrity, fame. Celebrated, famous, (57.) 1. Celebrate, to honor by cere- monies of joy and respect. 2. Celebration, commemoration with appropriate ceremonies. 1. It was determined to celebrate Washington's centennial (64) birthday with unexampled (148) pomp and splendor, in order to ex- hibit the estimation (146) in which he was held, and the prosperity (498) of the country. 2. A discreet (65) celebration of the 4th of July is salutary (457) ; but the deplorable (393) consequences, attendant on the recent conflagra- tion (179), ought to admonish (309) us, to select some more rational (439) mode of showing our approbation (414). 3. Yv^illiam Pitt, Prime Minister (299), showed great discretion (65) in civil (72) affairs, but his celebrity is mainly attributable to his man- agement of the war, by which Quebec — which, from its superior fortifi- cation (189) and position, was considered impregnable (409) —was cap- tured in 1759, and in 1760 Montreal, and the whole of Canada was surrendered to England. 59. CE'LEU, swift. 1. Accelerate, to hasten. | 2. Celerity, swiftness. 1. On the return from Concord, the British commander tried to accel- erate the march, hoping to reach Boston before excitement (68) should lead the mob to impede their progress (207). 2. It is dangerous to jump from a car which is moving with great celerity. 60. CEL'L-A, a cellar. I. Cellar, an underground store. 1. Guy Fawkes hired a cellar, with the ostensible (520) object of storing coals; but his real intention (520) was to deposit under the Parliament House, si large quantity of explosive (389) material, sufficient to demolish (307) th 3 whole superstructure (507). 46 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 61. CE'L-O, I cover, I hide. Conceal, to hide. (27.) 62. CCE'L-UM, heaven. Celestial, heavenly. (30.) Concealment, the act of hiding (56.) Census, an official enumeration of the inhabitants of a coun- try. (48.) Censure, blame. (50.) 63. CEN'S-EO, I judge, I blame. 1. Censor, one who examines the works of authors before they are allowed to be published. 1. Censurable, blameworthy. 2. Censorious, judging severely. 1. In several European countries there is a Government censor, who has power to condemn (107) a book. Before you are allowed to edit a paper, permission (305) of this officer must be obtained, and if anything censurable should occur, you must suffer the penalty (376). 2. The censorious character of Lee caused him to be generally despised and shunned. 64. CEN'T-UM, a hundred. 1. Centenarian, a person who is a hundred years old. 2. Centurion, an officer over a hundred men. Centennial, occurring once in a hundred years. (58.) Century, a hundred years. (44.) 1. Rev. Daniel Waldo, when almost a centenarian , participated in the obsequies (476) of Lincoln, having formerly been intimate (235) with Washington. 2. The centurion 9 though not a disciple (122), showed by his earnest ejaculation (239) the strongest faith. 65. CER'N-0, I separate, I distinguish, I discern. CRE'T-TJM, to sepa- rate, to distinguish, to discern. 1. Concern, anxiety. 2. Decree, edict. 3. Decree, to ordain. 3. Discriminating, acute, 4. Secrete, to hide. Discern, see. (38.) Discernment, judgment. (22.) Discreet, prudent. (58.) Discretion, prudence. (58.) Discrimination, judgment. (47.) 1. Washington's great concern, when the war was likely to termi* nate (525), was to secure the liberation of the prisoners. 2. In 1598, Henry 4th of France issued a decree, allowing many privileges (256) to Protestants (529). LATIN ROOTS. 4? 3. The discriminating mind of William Penn, led him to the conclusion, that to decree justice to every one, however inferior (232) he may be, is the only safe course for a legislator. 4. After the battle of Worcester, in 1651, Prince Charles was obliged to secrete himself in an oak at Boscobel. 66. CER'T-O, I contend, I vie. 1. Concert, to contrive together. I 2. Preconcerted, contrived to- 1. Disconcert, disturb. gether beforehand. 1. Washington, in 1781, held a council (84) of his officers, to concert a plan to invest (568) Yorktown. Each officer was provided with a succinct statement of the details of the attack, and the most intense (520) anxiety was felt, lest some premature (285) movement should dis- concert the plan. 2. According to a preconcerted plan, Andre, the emissary (305) of Clinton, met Arnold clandestinely, to communicate (320) to him the amount of recompense (374) offered by the British Government, as the reward of his perfidy (171); namely, promotion (316) to the rank of Brigadier-General, and £30,000. 67. CER'T-TJS, sure, certain. 1. Certificate, a written decla- I 1. Certify, to assure, ration. 1. A certificate from a physician, to certify that a death was produced by natural means, is necessary before the body can be deposited in the sepulchre (474). 68. CI'T-0, 1 rouse, I call forth. 1. Cite, to summon into a court. 2. Excitable, easily stirred up. 3. Recital, rehearsal. 4. Recitation, rehearsal. 4. Incite, to animate. 5. Resuscitate, to enliven. 6. Incitement, impulse. Excite, stir up. (10.) Excitement, agitation. (59.) 1. When Parliament determined to cite Charles to appear before them, he was at first indignant (120) at the dishonor (221) cast upon him ; but, recovering his composure (399), he prepared for his jour- ney. 2. When Charles appeared before the Parliament, everything was portentous (520) of evil ; the hope of ultimately obtaining his release was given up by his most sanguine (459) friends, when they saw the excitable mob, clamorous (74) for his blood. 3. In the inclement (78) season of the year, t\e ancient Scots found an inexhaustible (219) fund of amusement, in the recital of the valiant (555) deeds of their brave ancestors. 48 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 4. The recitation of deeds of valor (555), by some itinerant (237) musician (322), was calculated to incite the hearers to the highest pitch of enthusiasm. 5. To resuscitate a drowned person, remedial (286) measures should be applied promptly and without intermission (305). 6. To be able to educate (133) their children according to the dictates of conscience (466), was all the incitement necessary to lead the Puritans to endure (135) the hardships, incident to immigra- tion (295). 69. CIN'G-0, I gird. ClffC'T-TJM, to gird. 1. Precinct, limit. 1. Massasoit, wrapped in a gaudy blanket, and covered with a profusion (200) of ornament (353), came within the precinct of the Plymouth Settlement, and offered to make a treaty of peace. 70. CI'N-IS, (CIN'ER-IS,) ashes. 1. Cinders, burnt masses. 1. We can easily distinguish anthracite from bituminous coal, by the cinders and ashes. 71. CIR'C-US, a circle. 1. Circulate, to move in a circle. 2. Circuit, extent round about. Circuitous, going round about, (54.) Circular, like a circle. (12.) Encircle, to surround. 1. Fresh air and exercise cause the blood, to circulate more rapidly through the body. 2. To facilitate (152) the administration of justice, ike judiciary (241) provides a judge for the district (506), if the population (400) is dense (112) ; but in less populous (400) portions of the country, one for each circuit. 72. CI'V-IS, a citizen. Civilize, to reclaim from a savage state. Citizen, an inhabitant of a state or city. (4.) Civil, relating tc the commu- nity. (58.) 1. When the Duke of Monmouth was a claimant (74) for the throne, several cities in the south of England loaded him with civic honors. 1. Civic, relating to civil honors. 2. Civilian, one versed in politi- cal affairs. 3. Civilization, the state of a civilized people. LATIN ROOTS, 49 2. The Secretary of State should not only lea civilian, but should be well versed in military (296) affairs. 3. The civilization of the United States has never tended to civilize the Indians, but rather to extirpate (505) them. 73. CLANDESTI'N-US, secret. 1. Clandestine, secret. 1. William Penn was charged with making clandestine visits t James II., who was living in seclusion (77) in France. 74. CLA'M-0, I cry out, I shout. CLAMA'T-TJM, to cry out, to shout. 4. Disclaim, to deny the posses- sion of any character. Claimant, one that demands a right. (72.) Clamorous, loudly importu- nate, noisy. (68.) 1. Acclamation, a shout expres- sive of assent. 2. Declamation, exercise of pub- lic speaking. 3. Reclaim, to reform. 4. Proclamation, publication by authority. 1. In a convention (559) to nominate (334) a candidate for the Presi- dency, the nomination is sometimes made by acclamation, and sometimes by balloting. 2. Demosthenes made such strenuous efforts to overcome the defect in his vocal (580) organs, that at last he became a model (306) in declamation, 3. Many of the Virginians had previously led vagrant (554) lives, and Smith's efforts to reclaim them were useless. 4. The President, in his proclamation, was careful to disclaim any designs upon Mexico. 75. CLA'R-TJS, clear, bright. 1. Clarion, a shrill trumpet. I Declaration, a proclamation. I (6.) 1. As the clarion sounded to announce (341) the return of the British from Concord, the militia (296) began to collect (253) at Lexing- ton, determined to throw every impediment (380) in their way. 76. CLAS'S-IS, a class. 2. Classify, to arrange in classes. 3. Classification, arrangemen in classes. 1. Classic, Classical, relating to authors of the highest rank, such as Virgil, Homer, and Milton. 1. Milton must have been a diligent (253) student of classic writers, as his juvenile (245) pieces are replete (391) with allusions (273) to the Roman and Greek authors. 50 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. At the organization of the Government, it was necessary to classify the Senate. 3. The classification of the Senate gives at all times a large majority (278), familiar (156) with the mode of transacting business. 77. CLATJ'D-O, or CLTJ'D-O, I shut, I close. CLAU'S-UM, or CLTJ'S-UM, to shut, to close. 1. Seclude, to shut up apart. I Seclusion, retirement. (73.) 2. Preclude, to prevent. | Conclusive, decisive. (47.) 1. The Emperor (229) Charles V. determined to abdicate (116), and seclude himself in a cloister, hoping to enjoy that felicity (163), which the possession of imperial (229) power was unable to impart. 2. In order to preclude the possibility of a Stuart coming to the throne, an act was passed settling the crown on Sophia. Henrietta, granddaughter of Charles I., determined to protest (529) against the act of succession. 78. CLE'MENS, (CLEMEN'T-IS,) mild, merciful. Inclement, stormy. (68.) | Clemency, mercy. (57.) 79. CLI'N-O, I bend, I lie down. 1. Inclination, propensity. 1. " If my son shows any inclination to dissent from the Church of England," said Admiral Penn, " I will not hesitate (216) to disinherit (217) him." 80. CLI'V-TJS, an ascent, a hill. 1. Proclivity, proneness. I Declivity, descent. (56.) 2. Acclivity, ascent. 1. The proclivity of the Indians to the use of ardent spirits, tends to deteriorate (113) their character, and reduce (133) them to the lowest rank in society (486). 2. As the British ascended (465) the acclivity 9 Prescott ordered his men to reserve their fire, until the enemy should be in close proximity. 81. CODEX, (COD'IC-IS,) the trunk of a tree; a will. 1. Codicil, a supplement to a I Code, a collection or digest of will. laws. (41.) 1. King Richard's procrastination (91) in altering his will endan- gered the succession ; but on his deathbed he added a codicil 9 giving the kingdom to his brother. LATIN ROOTS. 51 82. CO'L-0, I cultivate. CTJL'T-TJM, to cultivate. 1. Cultivate, to till. ! Colonies, settlements abroad. (3.) 2. Colonists, settlers in a colony. | 1. In the reign of Richard, a peasant employed to cultivate the lands of one of the barons, struck the coulter against some hard sub- stance, which proved to be & ponderous (398) chest filled with money. 2. Had not Pocahontas given to one of the colonists an intimation (235) of the inhuman (220) plot to exterminate (525) the white race in Virginia, it would have been entirely destroyed. 83. CO'MES, (COM'IT-IS,) a companion. 1. Comity, kindness of manner. | 2. Concomitant, going with. 1. The comity shown by Louis XIV. to the destitute (485) James, would have been no obstacle (485) to the continuance of peace between England and France, had not Louis induced James to invade (553) Ireland. 2. The defeat at Long Island, with all the concomitant circum- stances, was the cause of great mental (291) distress to every patriot. 84. CONCIL'I-UM, an assembly ; a council. Council, an assembly held for consultation. (66.) 1. Conciliatory, fitted to allay angry feelings. 2. Conciliating, winning to friendship. 1. Many Tories, in 1775, fearing the confiscation (178) of their prop- erty (416), advocated conciliatory measures. 2. Wolsey, for some time after his arrest, cherished the fallacious (153) hope of conciliating the king. 85. COTI-A, plenty. 1. Cornucopia, horn of plenty. 1. All the productions common to the latitude (249) of Alabama, are found in such abundance in that State, that a cornucopia was placed on the coat of arms. 86. CO'Q.TJ-0, I cook. COC'T-TJM, to cook. 1. Concoct, to devise. 2. Decoction, the act of boiling anything to extract its vir- +* tues. 1. In the war of 1812, Tecumseh went south to concoct a scheme, for an incursion (103) into the frontiers (195) of Alabama and Georgia, 2. Whether tea should be prepared by infusion or decoction f is still a disputed question. 5 52 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3. Cordial, anything that glad- dens the heart. 4. Cordiality, sincerity. 87. COR, (COR'D-IS,) tlie heart. 1. Concordance, an index of words contained in the Bible. 2. Cordial, sincere. 1. By referring to a Concordance 9 it is easy to find any text (530) of Scripture. 2. William was received in the most cordial manner by the Par- liament. 3. The best cordial, that Columbus could administer (299) to his discouraged men, was the cry of "Land ahead! " 4. William of Orange was received with great cordiality by the people of England. 88. COR'NU, a horn. 1. Cornet, a sort of trumpet. 1. When the immense concourse (103) were gathered together to dedicate (116) the image (228), which Nebuchadnezzar had set up, a herald was heard to iterate (237) the words, " At the sound (493) of the comet, &c, ye fall down and worship." 89. CORO'N-A, a crown. 2. Coroner, an officer to inquire into the cause of violent deaths. 1. Coronet, an inferior crown worn by the nobility. 1. Coronation, the solemnity of crowning a king. 1. The coronet worn by Becket at the corotiation was resplen- dent (500) with jewels. 2. Becket took refuge (197) in the sanctuary (458), supposing the assassins would not dare to desecrate (453) the sacred place; but even here he fell a vietim (573) to their insatiable (463) desire for vengeance (574), and the coroner rendered a verdict (117) in accordance with the facts. 90. C0RT-TJS, (CORTOR-IS,) a body. 4. Corporeal, not immaterial. 5. Corpulent, bulky. 6. Corpuscle, a minute body. 1. Corporal, the lowest officer over a body of soldiers. 2. Corporate, united into one. 3. Corporation, a body politic. 1. "A corporal's guard" is an expression used to denote a small body of soldiers; about the number which would accompany a cor- poral. 2. When an association desire to become a corporate body, they apply to the Legislature for a charter. LATIN ROCTS. 53 3. In 1629, the king granted a charter to the Plymouth Colony, and the corporation received the name of the "Governor and Company of the Massachusetts Bay in New England." 4. So sanctimonious (458) was Bccket, when he became Archbishop, that he appeared unconscious of the fact that he possessed a corpo- real nature. 5. Henry the Eighth, towards the close of his life, became very corpulent, 6. On examining a corpuscle of blood, the aqueous part is found to predominate (127) over the solid portion. 91. CRAS, to-morrow. 1. Procrastinate, to put off. | Procrastination, deferring. (81.) 1. Lee intended to increase the guard, but, accustomed to defer (167) and procrastinate, he neglected it, and thus became delinquent (263) in duty, and suffered a long imprisonment. 92. CRE'D-O, I believe. CRED'IT-UM, to believe. 1. Credence, belief. 2. Credit, trust. 3. Credible, worthy of belief. 3. Credentials, those things which give title to belief. 4. Credulous, apt to believe. 4. Incredulity, slowness of be- lief. Incredible, not to be believed. (23.) 1. Arnold had appeared so conscientious (466) in the discharge of his duty, and so energetic in the defence (165) of Danbury, that few could give credence to the report (402) of his treason. 2. Such was the reputation (422) of Robert Morris, that, when Gov- ernment credit was low, he could obtain on his own security (102) any amount of money required. 3. It seemed scarcely credible, that one of the legation (252) to France, although possessing the proper credentials, should not be received, while his colleague (252) was accepted. 4. Credulous people, owning lands in Virginia in 1609, gave up everything for the purpose of digging gold ; and laughed at others for their incredulity, 93. CRE'-O, I create. CREA'T-UM, to create. 1. Creator, God, the maker of all things, 1. Creation, the act of bringing into existence. 2. Eecreations, amusements. 1. Dry den, in one of his poems, represents a sapient (461) deist (111) acknowledging God as the creator, but denying that he has g vcn to man any revelation (558) of the creation. 54 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. Formerly, the higher classes in England devoted a great deal of time to recreations, calculated to invigorate (572) the constitution. 94. CEE'P-O, I sound, I rattle. CEEP'IT-UM, to sound, to rattle. 1. Discrepancy, inconsistency. | 2. Decrepitude, feebleness. 1. There was a great discrepancy in the reports of the battle of Stillwater, as given by Gates and Arnold. 2. The gradual (207) decay of the body, and the decrepitude which years produce, is beautifully described by Shakespeare. 95. CRES'C-O, I grow. CRE'T-TJM, to grow. 1. Excrescence, something grow- I Increase, to augment. (57.) ing out of another. | 1. A nutgall is an excrescence of the oak; a small quantity will give a black tint (532). 96. CEI'MEN, (CBJM'IN-IS, a crime. 1. Recrimination, return of one accusation with another. 2. Recriminate, to retort a charge. Criminal, an offender. (23.) 1. The constant quarrelling and recrimination of Mason and the people of New Hampshire continued until 1GS6, when Andross was made Governor of all New England. 2. Commodore Barron's impulsive (373) nature led him, when charged with cowardice, to recriminate, and from this, and subsequent (476) events, there resulted a duel, in which Decatur received a mortal (314) wound. 97. CKTJ'D-TJS, unripe, cruel. 1. Crude, unripe_ 1. Fruit, which is wholesome in its maturity (285), will produce indi- gestion (203), if taken when immature (285), or in a crude state. 98. CRUX, (CRTJ'C-IS,) a cross. 1. Crucial, severe. 3. Excruciate, to put to severe 2. Excruciating, extremely pain- pain. ful. 1. To. an ambitious man like Wolsey, the crucial trial was the indignity (120) cast upon him personally (379). 2. The Covenanters of Scotland were subjected to the most excru- ciating torture, to extort (535) from them a denial of their faith. 3. The Indians seemed to exhaust (219) their powers of invention, in devising means to excruciate their captives. LATIN ROOTS. 55 4. Encumbrance, a burden. Succumb, sink under a diffi- culty. (3.) 09. CtFB-0, or CUM'B-0, I lie down. 1. Encumber, to oppress with a burden. 2. Incumbent, resting upon. 3. Recumbent, lying. 1. The laws of England seemed designed to encumber the colonies, and provoke them to act on the defensive (165). 2. It is incumbent on every member of Congress (207), to legislate (25G) in such a manner, as shall tend to establish (485) the fundamental (201) principles of our Government; viz., justice to all. 3. The arrogant (447) Duke of Monmouth, after his defeat in 1685, was glad to assume a recumbent position in a ditch, where he had time to repent of his presumption (512) and folly. 4. Those who contended in the Olympic Games, were careful to practise the strictest temperance (519), and to lay aside every encum- brance, that might impede their progress. 100. CTJL'P-A, a fault. 1. Exculpate, to clear from I 2. Culpable, blamable. blame. 1. St. Clair hoped to exculpate himself, in tne management of the expedition, which resulted in such a disastrous defeat. 2. The seizure of Osceola, under a flag of truce, was considered a most culpable and fraudulent (193) act. 101. CU'MUL-0, I heap up. 1. Cumulative, piled up. | 2. Accumulate, to heap up. 1. As the evidence against Raleigh became more and more cumu- lative, no doubt existed, that he would be convicted. 2. The desire of Henry VII. to accumulate wealth, led him to undertake an enterprise (409), similar (482) to that of Columbus. 102. CTJ'RA, care. 1. Procurement, the act of pro- curing. 2. Curious, rare. 3. Proxy, agency of another. 4. Sinecure, a position which gives income without em- ployment. 1. The procurement of a charter for Connecticut, from such a volatile (5^jL) and voluptuous (583) monarch as Charles II., required great tact (517). 2. By a fortuitous (188) circumstance (485), Winthrop had in his pos- session a curious ring, the gift of Charles I. The king at first 5* , Curable, admitting of a remedy. Accurate, exact. (7.) Curate, a clergyman hired to do duty for another. (41.) Procure, to obtain. (29.) Security, assurance. (92.) 66 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. ordered that the application (392) should receive a negative (328) answer, but, at sight of the ring, he was induced to countermand (280) the order (351), and to grant the charter. 3. The courtship of Charles II. having been performed by proxy 9 it is not remarkable that he did not find his wife very congenial (204). 4. The position of Smith, as Governor of Virginia, was no sine- cure ; and fearing that the contusion (545), from which he was suffer- ing, would be no longer curable, he recurned to England. * 103. CTJR'R-0, I run. CUR'S-TJM, to run. 7. Excursion, expedition. 8. Career, course. 9. Occurrence, event. Concurrence, combination of circumstances. (15.) Concourse, assembly of per- sons. (88.) Incursion, invasion. (86.) 1. Current, passing. 1. Currency, money. 2. Precursor, forerunner. 3. Cursory, hasty. 4. Courier, a messenger sent in haste. 5. Discourse, speech. 6. Recourse, application for help. 6. Succor, help in distress. 1. The debasing of the current coins, or the counterfeiting of the currency of a country, is a crime, punishable with imprisonment and fine. 2. John, the precursor of Christ, is thought by many to have baptized by immersion (292). 3. On a cursory examination, Columbus decided, that the land he had discovered was the East Indies ; it was impossible for him to realize (441) the immense extent (520) of ocean, which lay between. • 4. Wh«n the courier announced the surrender of Cornwallis, the aged doorkeeper of Congress, though usually sedate (471) and dispas- sionate (368), was so excited, that he fell dead. 5. An extemporaneous (519) discourse is generally more discursive, than one delivered from manuscript (282). 6. The ancient Britons suffered so dreadfully from the predatory (408) incursions of the Picts and Scots, that they had recourse to the Consul of Gaul, whom they besought, in the most abject (239) terms, to send succor, 7. Queen Victoria has, for many years, made a summer excursion to Balmoral;* the salubrity (457) of the climate, and the reverential (562) affection of the people, make these visits very agreeable to the royal family. 8. The career of Columbus is an excellent exemplification (148) of the transitory (142) nature of worldly honor. 9. The bursting of the Peace-maker, in 1844, was a most lamentable occurrence. * Pronounced Bal-mor'-al. LATIN ROOTS. 57 104. CUB'V-US, crooked. 1. Incurvate, to bend. 1. Persons engaged in sedentary (471) occupations, should be careful not to incurvate the spine, but to maintain (282) an erect posture. 105. CUS'T-OS, (CUSTO'D-IS,) a keeper. 1. Custody, imprisonment. 1. In 1605, a tremendous (539) excitement was produced in England, by the discovery of a conspiracy (499) to destroy both houses of Par- liament, by an explosion (389) of gunpowder. Guy Fawkes was taken into custody 9 and efforts were made to implicate (392) a peer of the realm. 106. CU'T-IS, the skin. 1. Cutaneous, affecting the skin. 1. The Jews greatly dreaded the contagion (517) of cutaneous diseases; they were, therefore, very careful not to inhale (218) the breath of a leper, or to come in contact with one in any way. 107. DAM'N-UM, harm, loss. 1. Indemnify, to reimburse. I Condemn, to give sentence against. (63.) 1. The Spoliation Bill, paid by France in 1835, was intended to indemnify the United States, for injury done to her commerce (293) from 1794 to 1810. 108. DE'B-EO, I owe. DEB'IT-TJM, to owe. 1. Debtor, the person who owes l 2. Debit, to charge with debt, another. 1. The object of bankrupt laws, in reference to the debtor, should be, to secure to the bankrupt (451) an absolute (491) release from his obligation (260) to pay. 2. The king determined to debit John of Gaunt with the expenses of the war in Castile. 109. DE'C-EM, ten. 1. Decennial, happening every ten years. 2. Duodecimo, a book in which the sheet is folded into 12 leaves. Duodecimal,* reckoned by twelves. * Som« derivatives not inserted under their roots, will be found in Part I. 58 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. The decennial enumeration of our population, shows that the desire of the immigrant (295) is generally to locate (268) himself in the interior (285), rather than in the maritime (283) portions of the country. 2. Caxton, in the latter part of the fifteenth century, published books of all sizes, from the cumbersome folio (186), to the duodeci mo, so convenient (559) to peruse (552). 110. DE'CEN-S, becoming. DE'COR, grace. 3. Decorate, to adorn. 4. Indecorum, impropriety of manner. T. Decency, propriety of con- duct. 2. Decorum, propriety of man- ner. 1. After the deposition (399) of Edward II., his treatment showed a total want of kindness, or even decency ', and a determination to kill him by ill usage (552). 2. The attendants of Charles I. acted in his presence, with the greatest decorum, 3. To decorate St. Paul's, was the great delight of its architect, Sir Christopher Wren. 4. Cromwell's daughters treated him with such disrespect and inde- corum, as to hasten his death. 2. Dental, belonging to the teeth. 3. Indent, to cut into points or inequalities. 111. DENS, (DEN'T-IS,) a tooth. 1. Indenture, a mutual agree- ment, a copy of which is held by each party. 2. Dentist, one who operates upon teeth. 1. In the reign of James I., the indenture of an apprentice, usually captained an express stipulation, of the amount of servile (479) labor to b^ performed, and the quantity (424) of beer to be drunk. 2. Formerly, the dentist and the barber were identical (226) ; the ability (215) to extract (538) a tooth, being the only dental knowledge necessary. 3. The power of water in motion to indent the land, is fully exem- plified on the coast of Maine. 112. DEN'S-TJS, thick, close. 1. Condensation, compression. | 2. Condense, to compress. 1. Density, compactness. Dense, compact. (71.) 1. The application of cold, to solidify (488) a fluid, usually produces condensation; but in the case of ice, the density is not so great as in water. LATIN ROOTS. 59 2. In his writings, Milton was able to generalize (204), but he had no power to condense / consequently, his argumentative works are frequently prolix and tedious. 113. DETE'RIOR, worse. 1. Deterioration, the state i f I Deteriorate, to make worse, having grown worse. (80.) 1. The deterioration of Spain as a nation (324), is easily seen, if we compare (361) its present and past condition as a naval (326) power. 114. DE'-US, God. Deity, the nature and essence ! Deist, one who believes in God, of God. (50.) but denies revelation. (93.) 115. DEX'TER, pertaining to the right hand. 1. Dexterity, expertness. | 2. Dexterous, expert. 1. The jugglers of India exhibit a dexterity, in every manoeuvre (282), which is perfectly marvellous. 2. Alexander, by a dexterous movement, seized the bridle of Bucephalus, and, by kind and gentle treatment, soon made him per- fectly tractable (538). 116. DI'C-0, 1 devote, I show. DICA'T-TJM, to devote, to show. 1. Indicate, to show. I Dedicate, to consecrate. (88.) 2. Indication, token. | Abdicate, to resign. (77.) 1. "Everything," says John Robinson, in his diary (118), "seems to indicate that we must leave Holland." 2. It is impossible to surmount (310) the difficulties of our social (486) position, which tend to demoralize (315) our children; every indica- tion of Providence points to America as our refuge. 117. DI'C-O, I say. DICT-TJM, to say. 1. Diction, style. 2. Dictatorial, overbearing. 3. Contradiction, opposition. 4. Contradictory, in opposition to. 9. Dictate, to give directions authoritatively. 9. Interdict, to prohibit. 10. Indite, to compose. 11. Dictator, a Roman magis- 5. Indict, to charge by formal ! trate. accusation. ; 12. Dictionary, a vocabulary, 6. Malediction, curse. Predict, foretell. (14.) 7. Edict, proclamation. 8. Predicable, capable of being affirmed. Verdict, decision. (89.) 60 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. To acquire (428) a pure diction, vend the works of the " Augus- tan Age " of English literature (267). 2. The disposition of Henry VIII. was irascible, and his manner dictatorial, 3. When an invalid, Henry VIII. was as fierce (166) as a lion, and would not endure the slightest contradiction* 4. Catharine Parr, the last wife of Henry VIII., was generally able to mollify (808) him ; but one day she gave him an answer, which was contradictory to some of his opinions. 5. Enraged by what he considered the arrogance (447) of Catharine, and incited by the insinuation (484) of Bishop Gardiner, that it was derogatory (447) to the conjugal (242) relation, to allow such an act, Henry ordered the Chancellor to indict her. 6. The prudent (571) and sagacious (454) Catharine, managed the matter so adroitly, that the malice of the king was directed against the Bishop, on whom he pronounced a bitter malediction* 7. Every avocation (580) in France, suffered from the extensive mi- gration, which took place, when Louis XIV. was induced to revoke (580) the edict of Nantes. 8. "The rotundity (448) of the earth," said Columbus, " is predi- cable on three facts, obvious (570) to all ; deride (442) as you please, but give me what is indispensable (374) to the undertaking, and I will demonstrate (311) the truth of what I assert." 9. Innocent III. claimed the right to dictate in the election of a Cardinal. King John refusing to obey, the Pope determined to in- terdict the exercise of all religious rites. 10. W. H. Prescott, notwithstanding his blindness, was able to in- dite such erudite (449) works, as the History of Ferdinand and Isabella, History of Mexico, &c. &c. 11. Sylla, the dictator, determined to liberate (257) 10,000 slaves, and exempt (140) them from service to the state, that they might be made subservient (479) to his own exaltation. 12. To learn how to use a word correctly, consult a good diction- ary, such as Webster's or Worcester's Unabridged, which not only gives the meaning, but a sentence containing the word, as a model. 118. DI'-ES, a day. 1. Diurnal, daily. 2. Dial, face of a timepiece. 2. Meridian, noon. 3. Post-Meridian, (p. m.,) in the afternoon. Diary, a journal. (116.) 1. The diurnal rotation of the earth upon its axis, produces the change of day and night. The revolution of the earth around the sun, with the inclination of the axis, produces the diversity (565) of tem- perature. LATIN ROOTS. 61 2. At all places between the polar circles, in the same longitude (269), the sun dial will indicate the meridian at the same instant (485). 3. When it is six o'clock, ante-meridian, in Philadelphia, it is six o'clock, post-meridian, at our antipodes. 119. DIG'IT-US, a finger ; a fingers breadth. 1. Digit, any one of the figures from 1 to 9. 1. Is the cipher to be considered a digit? No ; there are but nine digits. 120. DIG'N-TJS, worthy. 1. Dignify, to advance to honor. 2. Condign, merited. 3. Deign, condescend. 4. Disdain, to contemn. Dignity, nobleness. (40.) Indignity, insult. (98.) Indignant, angry and disgusted. (68.) 1. The Queen determined to dignify the architect of the Crystal Palace, by making him a Baronet. 2. Immediately upon the arrest of Andre*, a conference (167) was held, and it was decided, that condign punishment must be visited on all concerned. 3. Many, who would not deign to notice Columbus, except to denounce (341) him, as a visionary (571) enthusiast, when he left Spain, were willing to ennoble (334) him, on his return. 4. To disdain the poor, because of their poverty, is to reflect (181) dishonor on the Creator. 121. DILTJ'VI-UM, a deluge. Antediluvians, those who lived before the flood. (2.) 122. DISCIP'UL-TJS, a learner. 1. Discipline, training. | Disciple, a follower. (64.) 1. Parental (363) discipline was formerly so rigid (443), that a child was not allowed to sit, in presence of the parent (363), without permission. 123. DI'V-US, a god; God. 1. Divination, foretelling. 3. Divine, a theologian. 2. Divine, of the essence and Divinity, the science of divine nature of God. things. (38.) 1. He must be wise indeed, who can practise divination from the sediment (471) of a coffee-cup. 2. The idea of the existence of a divine being, seems to be innate (324) in the human mind. 62 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3.* Dr. Biles, a celebrated divine of Boston, was noted for his humor. In order to illuminate (276) the darkness of their streets, the Selectmen of Boston had imported lamps from England, which, according to the usual (552) practice, they proceeded to suspend (874) from the lamp-posts, by chains. There was, at this time, a religious sect (469), called "New Lights." One of these, a matron (284), noted for her illiberality (257), had annoyed the doctor with her loquacity (270) and inquisitive (428) disposition. Meeting this lady one day, the following colloquy (270) took place: — "Madam, have you heard the important (402) news ? " "News! What news?" "I do not wish to grieve (211) you," said the doctor; "but a number of 'New Lights' arrived this morning, and the Selectmen have ordered them all to be put in irons!" "Doctor, are you certain of this ? " "Madam," said the doctor, with imperturbable (546) gravity (211), "I can testify (529) to the truth of the statement, for I saw one of them myself. But, remember, this is entirely confidential (171)." "Certainly," said madam; and, with an abrupt (451) "good-bye," the lady hurried off to spread the intelligence. Condition, state. (3.) Donation, gift. (26.) 124. DO, I give. DA'T-UM, to give. 1. Render, to furnish. 2. Donate, to give. 3. Donor, giver. 1. When the French Government was unwilling to vender any aid, Lafayette offered his services to the American cause. 2. Congress, grateful (210) for this generous (204) conduct, deter- mined to donate to him a large tract of land. 3. The city of Philadelphia is greatly indebted to Franklin, who was the donor of a large collection of books, the nucleus of the Philadelphia Library (258). 125. DO'C-EO, I teach. DOC'T-TJM, to teach. Doctor, one who has received a 1. Docility, teachableness. 2. Doctrine, that which taught. 3. Docile, teachable. diploma from a University or College, authorizing him to practise and teach. (38.) Document, a paper containing evidence. (3.) * When scholars are required to combine a single word, which is contained in a long paragraph, they should endeavor to make a clear, distinct statement (containing the word), similar to the model given; thus, suppose the word is "colloquy." Dr. Biles, j*eeting a very loquacious lady, a witty eolloquy took place. Or, suppose tho word to be " imperturbable y - '; — Dr. Biles could preserve the most imperturbable gravity, while saying the funniest things. LATIN ROOTS. 63 1. Many touching scenes are described in the domestic (129) life of Charles I. His most inveterate (569) enemy longed to condole (120) with him, in the grief (211) occasioned by the death of his little daugh- ter, whose docility and ingenuousness (204) had won the love of all who knew her. 2. Many Pagans admit the doctvine 9 that a part of man is im- mortal (314), even though they believe in the annihilation (331) of the body. 3. A docile disposition in infancy (158) and youth, is the best indi- cation of a learned old age. 126. DO'LE-O, I grieve ; I am in pain. Condole, to sympathize with the grief of another. (125.) 127. DOM'IN-TJS, a master; a lord. Doleful, sorrowful. (50.) 1. Dominion, sovereign power. 1. Dominant, governing. Domination, tyranny. (47.) Domineer, to rule with inso- lence. (14.) Predominate, to prevail over. ,; (90.) 1. When the Colonies determined to throw off the dominion of Great Britain, the dominant power in Boston, held Tory principles. 128. DO'M-O, I subdue, I tame. DOM'IT-UM, to subdue, to tame. Indomitable, not to be subdued. (53.) 129. DO'M-TJS, a house, a home. 1. Domesticate, to accustom to the residence of man. 2. Domicile, mansion. Domestic, belonging to the family. (125.) 1. A man found a serpent in a dormant (130) or torpid (534) state, and took it home, intending to domesticate it; but he soon had reason to repent (376) of his folly. 2. Having indubitable (132) proof, that the king was implacable (386), Wolsey resigned his splendid (500) domicile, and, disconsolate (489) and dejected (239), sought the hospitality (223) of Leicester Abbey, where he died. 130. DOR'M-IO, I sleep. D0RMI'T-UM, to sleep. Dormant, insensible. (129.) [ Dormitory, a sleeping- room. (54). 131. DOR'S-UM the back. 1. Endorse, to write one's name on the back of a paper. 1. To transfer (167) a promissory (305) note, it is necessary for the one in whose favor it is Irawn, to endorse it. 6 64 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 132. DU'BI-US, doubtful. Dubious, uncertain. (57.) I Indubitable, not to be doubted. I (129.) 133. DU'C-O, I lead. D TJC'T-TJM, to lead. Educate, to bring up. (68.) Induce, to persuade by present- ing motives. (3.) Introductory, preliminary. (39.) Produce, to bear. (15.) Reduce, to bring down. (80.) 1. Ductile, capable of being drawn into a wire. 2. Conduit, a water-pipe. 3. Conduce, tend. 4. Adduce, to bring forward. 4. Deduce, infer. Conduct, behavior. (3.) 1. The ductile quality of gold, enables the artificer to attenuate (523) it in a most remarkable degree. 2. A conduit, intended to supply (391) Jerusalem with water, was made impervious (570), by a cement, known only to the ancients. 3. Public schools conduce to morality (315), when scholars are taught, that it is dishonest (221) to injure property, belonging to the State. 4. We are accustomed to adduce the tax upon tea, as the ca*ise of the Revolution, but there were many other acts of oppression (410), from which we can deduce the righteousness of the war. 134. DTJ'-O, two. Duplicity, deception. (53.) 1. Duplicate, twofold. Duel, a combat between two. (36.) 1. Duplicate copies of letters had *o be written by manual (282) labor, until a machine was invented (559), which saves this laborious (246) operation (349). Endure, to bear. (68.) Obdurate, stubborn. (52.) 135. DU'E-US, hard. 1. Durable, lasting. 2. Duration, continuance. 3. Obduracy, hardness of heart. 1. So durable are some kinds of wood, that there are stone bridges in a state of dilapidation (248), while the wooden piles, on which they rest, are in a good state of preservation (479). 2. Who can comprehend (409) the duration of Eternity? Or even the infinite (176) distance that exists between us and the nearest con- stellation? (502). 3. Such was the obduracy exhibited by Ravaillac, the murderer of "Good King Henry," that, when the Court sentenced (473) him to LATIN ROOTS. 65 be torn limb from limb, by four horses, the populace sent up a shout of applause (389), and witnessed his contortions (535), without the slightest desire to mitigate (304) his sufferings. 136. EB'RI-US, drunken. 1. Inebriate, an habitual drunk- I Sobriety, freedom from intoxi- ard. (36.) cation. (57.) 1. A home for the inebriate, in which he will have no temptation (522) to intemperance (519), is one of the noble (334) charities of the age. 137. JE'D-ES, a house ; a building. 1. Edify, to build up in knowl- I Edifice, a building. (47.) edge. 1. The study of history, whether profane (157) or sacred, tends to edify and enlarge the mind. 138. E'D-O, I eat. 1. Edible, eatable. 1. "What articles are edible?" inquires (428) the naturalist (324). "Rats and birds'-nests," says the Chinaman. "Frogs," says the Frenchman. "Rancid oil," says the Esquimaux. "Old cheese," says the Englishman. Yet all these are disgusting (214) to persons not accustomed to them. 139. EGO, I. 1. Egotism, talking much of one's I Egotistical,* self-conceited, self. 1. In the first person, the plural we is often used, for the singular /, by editors, reviewers, governors, &c, to avoid the appearance of egotism. 140. E'M-O, I buy. EMP'T-TJM, to buy. 1. Exemption, freedom from that 3. Redeem, to ransom. to which others are subject. 3. Redemption, ransom. 2. Peremptory, decisive. Exempt, to release. (117.) 1. Only two (Enoch and Elijah) of the human race, have had ex- emption from mortality (314). 2. The command to General Scott, to proceed to Mexico, was so peremptory, that delay was impossible. * The sentence given to show the use of "egotism" would, with a slight change, show the use of "egotistical;" thus: — "To avoid appearing egotistical*" Scholars can frequently derive the use of one part of speech, from the model, which is given fo» another. 66 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3. Richard, the "Lion-Hearted," was held in such high esteem, that the English gladly melted the silver, in the churches ana monasteries, to obtain the sum necessary to redeem him, (or, "for his redemp- tion.") 141. JE'MUL-TJS, a rival. 1. Emulation, rivalry. | 2. Emulate, strive to equal. 1. The pleasure (386) afforded by the possession of knowledge, ought to produce sufficient emulation among scholars ; and the expediency (380) of offering any other inducement, is much disputed by writers on the subject. 2. The youth of America should emulate the noble character of Lincoln, in integrity (234), honesty (221), and self-sacrifice (152). 142. E'-O, I go. I'T-UM, to go. Sedition, insurrection. Transition, change. Ambition, desire for advance- ment. (57.) Transitory, passing quickly away. (103.) 1. Ambient, floating on all sides. 2. Exit, departure. 3. Initial, placed at the begin- ning. 4. Initiate, to introduce. 4. Initiation,* introduction. . 5. Obituary, relating to the de- cease of a person. 1. It is related of Constantine, that a flaming cross appeared (362) to him in the heavens, and that, through the ambient air, there came a voice, saying, "By this, conquer." 2. The exit of some of the Royal Governors from the Colonies, was marked by acts, calculated to inflame (180) the minds of the people. 3. When a word begins with two consonants, the sounds of which will not coalesce, the initial consonant (493) is silent ; as, knife. 4. The ancient alchemists, before consenting to initiate* a novice into the mysteries of their craft, required him to make a solemn asseveration (480), never to divulge (587) its secrets. 5. The obituary notices of Lord Brougham, f in 1839, were so laudatory (251), that some thought he originated (352) the false report of his own death, in order to see what contemporary (519) writers would say of him. 6. William Penn was known to correspond (501) with James II., and, consequently, was accused of sedition. 7. If no translucent (276) atmosphere surrounded the earth, the transition from darkness to light, would be so sudden, as to blind us. * Or: — "before consenting to the initiation of a novice" &c. f Brougham, pronounced broo'-am, or broo'm, LATIN ROOTS. 67 143. E'QTMJS, a horse. 1. Equestrian, pertaining to | 2. Equipage, attendance, retinue, horsemanship. 1. Equestrian exercises are promotive (316) of health and vivacity (579), and are invaluable (555) for those who are convalescent (555). 2. In 1832, a handsome equipage was provided, and Black Hawk, with other chiefs, was conducted through some of the principal cities of the United States. The naturally taciturn (516) character of the Indian race, prevented any expression of opinion (347) ; but it was evident (571), that they felt it useless to contend longer with such a powerful Government. 6. Equivocate, to use words in a deceptive manner. 7. Iniquity, wickedness. 8. Equalize, to make alike in amount or degree. 144. .ffi'QTJ-US, equal, just. 1. Adequate, equal to. 2. Equation, an expression of equality between quantities. 3. Equilibrium, equal force. 4. Equity, justice. 5. Equivalent, that which is of equal value. 1. In 1779, Prevost threatened Charleston; although Lincoln's force was not adequate to the emergency, yet he hastened to its relief. 2. An equation is not altered, if you perform (187) the same opera- tion on both sides ; as, 6 + 2 = 2+ 4-J- 2; take away 2 from both sides, and we have 6 — 2-\- 4. 3. The cultivation of the intellect (253), tends to preserve the equi- librium of the mental and physical powers. 4. " Tha judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution." 5. William Penn determined to take nothing from the Indians, with- out returning an equivalent* 6. Nathan Hale was able to penetrate (377) into the very heart of the British camp, but, on his return, was apprehended (409), and carried before the Provost. Scorning to equivocate, Hale, when asked,, "Are you a spy?" simply gave an affirmative (177) answer. 7. The iniquity of the massacre of Wyoming, in 1778, has made the name of Col. John Butler, infamous (154). 8. Congress has made an effort to equalize the bounties paid to the soldiers. 145. EE'It-O, I wander. EERA'T-TJM, to wander. 1. Erratic, deviating from the I 2. Erroneous, incorrect. usual way. J 3. Aberration, a wandering. 6* 68 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. The erratic course of George III., greatly surprised the nation, until it was known that all the premonitory (309) symptoms of insanity (4G0) had appeared. 2. Until Columbus proved it to be erroneous, the opinion was prevalent (555), that the earth was a level plain. 3. Aberration, of mind, was formerly attributed to lunar (274) influences, and was, therefore, called lunacy (274). 146. JE'STIM-O, I value. 1. Estimate, to compute. I 3. Inestimable, above all price. 2. Estimable, worthy of esteem. J Estimation, opinion. (58.) 1. It is hardly possible to estimate-, properly, the value of the territory acquired by the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo. 2. The estimable character of Rose Standish, consort (494) of Miles Standish, made her generally beloved in the Plymouth Colony. 3. The inestimable "right to a speedy and public (400) trial, by an impartial jury (243) of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed," is a right belonging to the people, as individuals (571), and not delegated (252) by them to the National or State Government. Longevity, uncommonly long duration of life. (2/) 147. JE'V-TJM, an age. 1. Coeval, existing at the same time. 2. Primeval, primitive. 1. If, in a stratum (503) of granite (209), we find the bones of a quad- ruped (380), or biped (380), it is fair to infer (167), that those animals were coeval with the rocks. 2. Milton gives, in "Paradise Lost," a vivid (579) description of the earth in its primeval state. 148. EXEM'PL-TJM, a pattern. 1. Exemplify, to illustrate by Exemplary, worthy of imitation. example. (28.) 2. Exemplar, a model to be imi- Exemplification, illustration, tated. (103.) 3. Sample, specimen. Unexampled, without precedent. Example, pattern. (57.) (58.) 1. The proficiency (152) which Milton exhibited at College, served to exemplify the principle, that "Attention is the secret op success." 2. The munificent charities of Mr. Peabody, and his noble charac tjr, make him worthy to be held up as an exemplar. LATIN ROOTS. 69 3. When, in 1791, a sample of anthracite coal was brought from the mines, people treated with derision (442) the idea, that it was in- flammable (180). 149. EX'TER-US, outer, foreign. 3. Extraneous, not belonging to a thing. 1 Exterior, the outer part i External, outward. 4. Extremity, the utmost point. 1. The first view (571) of the exterior of St. Peter's, usually dis- appoints the spectator. 2. The Supreme (513) Being judges not by the external appear- ance, nor by the stature (485), nor by the countenance (521), but by the heart. 3. As there was no surgeon, able to probe (414) the wound of Smithy and remove any extraneous matter, he was obliged, in 1609, to seek medical (286) aid in England. 4. During the famine (155), which followed the departure of Smith, the colonists were reduced to such extremity 9 that they devoured (585) not only the bodies, but also the skins, of horses. 150. FAB'RIC-0, I make or frame. 1. Fabric, manufactured cloth. J 2. Fabricate, to manufacture. 1. For the beautiful fabric, called silk, whose soft and pliable texture (530) makes it so suitable for articles of clothing, we are in- debted to a little worm. 2. The object of a tariff, is to induce the inhabitants of a country to fabricate everything they use (552). 2. Face, countenance. 151. FA'CI-ES, a face. 1. Deface, to disfigure. 2. Efface, expunge. 1. To deface a building, or its enclosure, by scribbling (467) upon it, drawing any figure (175.), or by whittling, is a vulgarism .(587), of which no person, having the slightest pretension (520) to gentility (204), would be guilty. 2. A young man, having been guilty of some immoral (315) act, Washington deemed it his duty to remonstrate (311) with him : when the youth, greatly incensed, actually spit in his face. With the'most perfect (152) equanimity, Washington wiped it off, saying, "Young man I wish you could efface the guilt from your soul, as easily as I can vipe this insult (456) from my face^ 70 THE MOl)EL ETYMOLOGY. 152. FA'CI-O, I do or make. FACT-TJM, to do or make. Affection, love. (4.) Counterfeit, forgery. (18.) Defection, the act of abandon- ing a cause to whjch one ia bound by duty. (25.) Facilitate, to make easy. (71.) Facility, dexterity. (18.) Manufacture, fabrication. (25.) Perfect, complete. (151.) Proficiency, advance in the ac- quisition of knowledge. (148.) Sacrifice, devotion. (141.) Sufficient, adequate. (3.) 1. Faction, a party opposed to the Government. 1. Effected, produced. 2. Affectation, artificial ap- pearance. 3. Efficacious, accomplishing the object. 4. Officiate, perform the duties of the office. 5. Infect, taint with disease. 6. Surfeited, ate to satiety. 7. Difficulties, embarrassments. 8. Defective, deficient. 9. Pontiff, the pope. 1. In 1645, a faction, headed by Clayborne, caused much disturb- ance (546) in Maryland. Clayborne effected his purpose, by defama- tory (154) charges against Calvert, and by representing (511) himself as the assertor (477) of the rights of the settlers. 2. When Pocahontas was in England, her simplicity, and freedom from affectation 9 won the love of all. 3. When a person has swallowed poison, the most efficacious remedy (286) at hand, is usually (552) the white of an egg, which neutral- izes (330) the poison ; or mustard, in warm water, to produce nausea. 4. If the President and Vice-President are both disqualified (423) to perform the duties of the office, then the presiding officer of the Senate shall act as President ; and if he is unable, then the Speaker of the House shall officiate, 5. Travellers coming from a distance, are frequently obliged to sub- mit to quarantine (426), lest they should infect the city. 6. Alexander, the Conqueror of the world, having surfeited him- self, died, a glutton (206) and a drunkard. 7. Arnold's pecuniary (372) difficulties led him to peculate (372) the public funds, and to defraud (193) the Government of enormous (333) sums. 8. So defective were the Articles of Confederation, that they gave Congress no power to tax the people, or provide for the expenses of the Government. 9. When the Roman ^Pontiff refused to sanction the divorce of Catherine of Arragon, Henry called a parliament, Which declared the King's supremacy (513) in England. 153. FAL'L-O, I deceive. FAL'S-TJM, to deceive. 1. Fallible, liable to err. I Fallacious, deceitful. (84.) 2. Falsify, violate. I Fallacy, deceitfulness. (40.) LATIN ROOTS. 71 1. The penitentiary (376), constructed (507) in every large commu- nity, proves that man is fallible, 2. Whether Mr. Erskine really did falsify the instruction of his Government, in 1809, we know not; but the refusal of the British Government to repeal the injurious decrees, was an act which gave great umbrage (548) to the American people. Defamatory, slanderous. (152.) Infamous, detestable. (144.) Infamy, public reproach. (40.) 154. FA'M-A, fame. 1. Famous, renowned. 1. Defame, to injure one's repu- tation maliciously. 1. After the surrender of Burgoyne, which rendered Gates so fatilOUS, the most persistent attempts were made to defame Wash- ington. 155. FA'M-ES, hunger. 1. Famish, to die of hunger. | Famine, scarcity of food. (149.) 1. After the battle of Flatbush, in 1776, General Woodhull was allowed to famish in a British prison. 156. FAMIL'I-A, a family. 1. Familiarity, intimate ac quaintance. 2. Familiarize, to make well known by converse. Familiar, acquainted. (76.) 1. Sumpter's familiarity with the whole of South Carolina, en- abled him, in 1780, to defeat Irwin at Hanging Bock, Wemyss at Broad River, and Tarleton at Blackstock. 2. It is easy to familiarize one's self to scenes of distress and suffering. 157. FA'N-TJM, a temple. 1. Profane, to desecrate. I Fanatic, enthusiastic. (57.) I Profane, secular. (137.) 1. A man's hand, tracing unknown characters on the wall, might well terrify (528) a monarch, who had dared to profane the vessels of the sanctuary, by using them in a convivial (579) assembly. 153. FA'-KI, to be spoken. FA'T-TJS, spoken. 1. Fatal, mortal. 2. Preface, introduction. 3. Prefatory, introductory. Affability, kindness of manner in conversation. (40.) Infancy, childhood. (125.) 1. At the taking of Quebec, by the English, in 1759, Wolfe and Mont» calm received fatal wounds. 72 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. Bunyan, in the work which alone was sufficient to immortalize (314) his name, says, in his preface, that, in answer to the query (428), "Shall I print (410) my book," — " Some said, 'John, print it.' Others said, • Not so.' Some said, ' It might do good.' Others said, ' No! ' " 3. In 1765, while the Virginia Legislature were discussing the Stamp Act, Patrick Henry rose to speak. After some prefatory remarks, scarcely relevant (255) to the subject, he suddenly poured forth a tor- rent of bitter denunciation (341) against the British Government, and avowed his firm conviction that the mother country had no legitimate (256) power to tax the Colonies. 159. FARI'N-A, meal. 1. Farina, the flour of any spe- | 1. Farinaceous, consisting of cies of corn. meal. 1. During the war, large quantities of farinaceous food, such as oat-meal, farina, corn-starch, &c, were required for the sick soldiers. 160. FES'S-TJM, to own, to declare. 1. Professed, claimed. 1. Tyler, although elected by a party, who professed to be in favor of a United States Bank, vetoed two bills rechartering the Bank, its charter having expired (499) in 1836. 161. PE'BS-IS, a fever. 1. Feverish, affected by fever. | 1. Febrile, pertaining to fever. 1. In 17y9, Washington, while superintending (520) his plantation (387), took a cold, which produced inflammation (180) of the throat, and a feverish condition of the whole system. Every effort was made to subdue the inflammatory (180) and febrile symptoms, but it was of no avail ; the disease proved irremediable (286), and he died in a few hours. 162. FGE'D-TJS, (FCED'ER-IS,) a league, or covenant. 1. Confederacy, a number of States united by a league. 1. Federal, pertaining to a cov- enant. 1. Under the Confederacy, the Congress had no power to levy a tax; while the Federal Constitution declares that "Congress has power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts" (399). 2. Confederate, one joined with others in a league. I LATIN ROOTS. 73 2. Blannerhasset was charged with being a confederate of Aaron Burr, in the attempt to form a western empire. 163. FE'L-IX, (EELI'C-IS,) happy. 1. Felicitous, happy. I Felicity, happiness. (77.) 2. Felicitate, to congratulate. I 1. The felicitous condition of the Wyoming Colony, so remote from the commotion (316) of the war, made them disregard the danger of their defenceless (165) position, until too late to remedy it. 2. After the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle,* the colonists had scarcely time to felicitate themselves on the restoration of peace, when hos- tilities again commenced. Feminine, pertaining to the fe- male sex. (41.) 164. FEM'IN-A, a woman. 1. Effeminate, unmanly. 2. Effeminacy, womanly deli- cacy. 1. Nothing but confusion (200) and turbulence (546) could result from the reign of a sovereign, so effeminate, dilatory (167), and careless, as Charles II. 2. Men of sagacity (454) assert, that, when a people became very prosperous (498), they are in great danger of effeminacy* 165. FEN'D-0, 1 strike. FEN'S-TJM, to strike. 1. Defendant, one who makes a defence in a prosecution. 2. Fender, a metallic frame to hinder coals of fire from rolling on the floor. Defence, protection. (92.) Defenceless, destitute of pro- tection. (163.) Defend, to protect. (48.) Defensive, resistingattack.(99.) Offence, crime. (23.) Offensive, aggressive. (25.) 1. In 1680, a suit was brought by Andross, for the possession (471) of New Jersey. Sir William Jones decided against Andross, and in favor of the defendant. 2. It is related of a Spanish monarch, that, being seated too near the fendev for comfort (189), and no attendant being at hand, the exquisite, (428) formality (187) of court etiquette would not allow him to move himself. He was, therefore, nearly roasted. 166. FE'R-A, a wild beast, Ferocious, savage. (14.) | Fierce, furious. (117.) * Pronounced Sks-la-shctrpW. 74 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 167. FE'B-O, I bear, I carry. LA'T-UM, to bear, to carry. 1. Confer, to consult one with another. 2. Deference, a yielding of judg- ment out of respect to an- other. 3. Elate, to render proud by success. 3. Dilate, enlarge upon. 4. Proffer, to offer. 4. Oblation, a sacrifice. 5. Preference, predilection. 5. Relative, kinsman. 6. Translate, to interpret into another language. 7. Pestiferous, producing the plague. Conference, a meeting for con- sultation. (120.) Defer, to put off. (91.) Dilatory, disposed to put off. (164.) Infer, to draw a conclusion. (147.) Legislature,' the law-making power. (6.) Reference, relation. (4.) Relation, connection. (47.) Suffering, distress. (34.) Transfer, to convey to another. (131.) Vociferous, making loud vocal sounds. (31.) 1. When Harrison marched against the Indians, in 1811, they asked that an opportunity (402) to confer might be afforded, before they de- cided on his proposition (399). Harrison suspected (497) that this was only a pretext (530), and the sequel (476) showed his surmise (305) to be correct. 2. The Mosaic law, and also the Roman law, enjoin (242) defer* ence to the aged. 3. The victory of Gates, in 1777, seemed to elate him beyond measure; and, for months, he could do little else than dilate on the magnitude (278) of his achievements, and malign (279) both the motives and management of Washington. 4. It was sacrilege (453) to proffer, as an oblation, any animal that was infirm (177), or injured in any way. 5. The preference which Queen Elizabeth felt for Raleigh, a relative of Gilbert, induced her, to transfer the patent to her favorite. 6. It is necessary to apply (392) ourselves closely to the acquisition (428) of a language (262), in order to translate with facility. 7. During the Great Plague, in 1665, Newton escaped from the pestiferous air of London, and remained in the country, where he discovered the great principle of gravitation. 168. FERU'L-A, a plant, (giant-fennel.) 1. Ferule, to punish by striking with a piece of wood like a flat ruler. 1. Anciently, the stalks of fennel, or the "ferula," were used to punish children; hence the expression, "to ferule a child." LATIN ROOTS. 15 169. FER'VE-O, I boil, I am hot. 1. Fervor, zeal. 2. Effervescence, ebullition 3. Fermentation, that change, by which substances are decom- posed, and their elements form new compounds. 1. Large numbers of persons used to congregate (212) around Peter the Hermit, attracted (538) by the fervor, with which he would portray (538) the advantages to be derived (445), from joining the Crusades, and rescuing the Holy Sepulchre from the hands of the infidels (171). 2. Soda-water, in a state of effervescence, is agreeable to the taste; but when that has passed off, it becomes very insipid (461). 3. To commemorate the Passover, the Israelites were commanded to eat bread, which had not gone through the process of fermentation,* 170. FES'T-TJM, a feast. 1. Festivity, gayety. 2. Infest, to harass. 3. Festive, joyful. 4. Festival, an occasion of re- joicing. Infested, harassed. (47.) 1. Rahl was engaged in the festivity incident to Christmas, when surprised by Washington, at the battle of Trenton. 2. From the settlement of Ohio, in 1788, until Wayne's victory, in 1794, the Indians continued to infest her western frontier. 3. From time immemorial (290), it has been customary to make the birthday a festive occasion. 4. Job's sons were together, enjoying some festival, when a whirl- wind destroyed the house, and all in it save one. 171. FI'D-0, 1 trust. 1. Diffidence, distrust of one's self. 2. Confide, to impart secretly. 3. Infidelity, disbelief. 4. Affianced, betrothed. Confidence, trust. (45.) Confidential, private. (123.) Fidelity, faithful adherence. (45.) Infidels, unbelievers. (169.) Perfidy, treachery. (66.) 1. The diffidence shown by Washington, in undertaking such an important commission (305), as the remonstrance against the French encroachments, only served to elevate (255) him, in the estimation of the Governor. * 2. The thing that a child is not willing to confide to his mother, is generally wrong. 3. The infidelity of Ethan Allen, and his belief in the transmigra- tion (295) of souls, afforded no solace (489), when death came to claim his beloved daughter. 7 76 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 4. Prince Charles, having been affianced to the Infanta of Spain, determined to visit her ; but on his way, he fell in love with Henrietta of France, and afterwards married her. 172. FI'G-O, I fix, I fasten. FIX'-UM, to fix, to fasten. 1. Transfix, to pierce through. | Prefix.* 1. The bare recital of the atrocities of the Wyoming massacre, was sufficient to transfix the listener with horror. 173. FIL'I-US, a son. FIL'I-A, a daughter. Filial, pertaining to a son or daughter. (57.) 174. FIN'G-O, I form, I fashion. FIC'T-UM, to form, to fashion. 1. Fiction, a feigned story. | 3. Effigy, an image. 2. Fictitious, imaginary. | 1. Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe" is a, fiction; yet everything de- picted in it, seems like a reality (441). 2. To witness distress, which we do not attempt to alleviate (255), renders the heart less sensitive (473). Novels (335) depict only fic- titious suffering, which requires no effort for its relief; therefore, the effect of such reading is to harden the heart, and make it callous and indifferent. 3. That sagt (454) observer, Benjamin Franklin, endeavored, from the commencement of the difficulties, to convince the British Govern- ment, that it was useless to contend. " I do not extenuate" (523), said he, " such acts as burning the King in effigy 9 and treating his repre- sentative (511) with contumely (544); but the Americans have had great provocation (580) ; and if, as all the signs portend (520), they resort to arms, you will find them invincible" (573). 2. Figurative, representing by figures. Figure, a character. (151.) 175. FIGITB-A, an image 1. Transfiguration, the super- natural change in appear- ance of our Saviour on the Mount. 1. A little infant scholar, when asked, how she knew that people lived after death, said, " Because Moses and Elias were at the trans- figuration." 2. The figurative language of "Paradise Lost," is very similar to that of the Bible. * To learn the correct use of other derivatives of figo, fixum, study the etymological definitions on page 7. LATIN ROOTS. 11 3. Confines, frontiers. 4. Indefinite, not precise. 5. Finite, limited. Confinement, restraint. (12.) Finally, ultimately. (14.) Infinite, limitless. (135.) 176. FI'N-IS, the end or limit. 1. Affinity, attraction which exists between the particles of bodies. 1. Definition,* a short descrip- tion. 2. Definitive, conclusive. 3. Definite, precise. 1. The affinity which the particles of one body have for those of another, enables chemists to perform many interesting experiments.* 2. The definitive treaty between England and the United States, omitted to make any provision for the collection of debts, due to Brit- ish creditors. 3. Jay's treaty, in 1795, was definite on the subject of debts, con- tracted prior (412) to the war; and it also provided for the evacuation of all posts still held by the British, on the confines of the United States. 4. The intelligence from the army was very indefinite, but such was the distraction (538) consequent on the approach of the British, in 1777, that Congress determined to remove (316) to Lancaster, and many citizens transported thither their movables (316). 5. Many things transcend (465) man's finite powers. How incom- prehensible (409) is the omnipresent (345) and omniscient (345) God ! Infirmary, an hospital. Affirmative, expressing as- sent. (144.) Infirm, weak. (167.) 177. FIB/M-US, strong. 1. Firmament, the heavens. 2. Confirmation, proof. 3. Affirmation, solemn assever- ation. 3. Affirm, assert. 1. Light was created on the first day, yet it was not till the fourth day, that the great luminary (276) was placed in the firmament. 2 The garrison at Fort Mimms heard of the intended attack ; but as the report needed confirmation, the commander resisted all importunity (402) to send for more troops. 3. Before he (the President) shall enter on the duties of his office, he shall take the following affirmation : — "I do solemnly affirm, * The following experiment, which illustrates the definition of affinity, can be easily tried. Take one pair of dirty hands, two quarts of soft water (warm is better), and a small quantity of soap. Apply the soap to the hands, and then immerse them In the water; bring them in contact with each other, and rub briskly, when the particles of dirt, having a greater affinity for the soap than for the hands, will leave the Jiands, and pass into the soapy water. This experiment will always succeed, if the above direc- tions are carefully followed. 78 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. that I will faithfully execute (476) the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve (479), protect (518), and defend the Constitution of the United States." 4. In Girard College, there is an apartment (365) used as an in- firmary, or hospital (223). 178. FIS'C-TJS, a money-bag. 1. Confiscated, appropriated, as a penalty, to public use. Confiscation, transfer of for- feited goods to public use. (84.) 1. During the Revolutionary War, the States confiscated the prop- erty of those who continued to adhere (216) to the royal cause. 179. FLA'GK-O, I burn. 1. Flagrant, enormous. I Conflagration, an extensive 2. Flagrancy, enormity. fire. (58.) 1. During the Revolution in France, the most flagrant crimes were committed, by those who had been accustomed to inveigh (556) against the nobles, for similar atrocities. 2. When the Revolution in France was over, people were astonished at the flagrancy of the crimes, which had been committed in the name of Liberty. 180. FLAM'M-A, a flame. Inflame, to irritate. (142.) Inflammable, easily set on fire. (148.) Inflammation, diseased heat of the body. (161.) Inflammatory, accompanied with preternatural heat. (161.) 181. FLEC'T-0, I bend. FLEX'-TJM, to bend. 1. Inflexible, obstinate. Reflect, to throw back. (120.) 2. Flexible, pliable. 1. Every effort to induce Jackson to re-charter the United States Rank, was unavailing ; he remained inflexible, and ordered William J. Duane to remove the deposits. 2. By using gutta-percha, we can have a flexible tube, convenient for many purposes. 182. FLTG-0, I beat, I dash. FLIC'T-TJM, to beat, to dash. 3. Afflict, to trouble. Inflict, to impose. (52.) 1. Conflict, contest. 2. Profligate, dissolute. 2. Affliction, suffering. 1. After a long conflict, in South Carolina, all laws which were unjust (244) to the Huguenots, were abrogated (447) in 1797. LATIN ROOTS. 19 2. The administration of the profligate Lord Cornbury, caused much affliction in New York and New Jersey, from 1702 to 1707. 3. In the leprosy, which continues to afflict the inhabitants of Eastern countries, the flesh assumes a tumid (544) appearance, the limbs are tremulous (539), and the sufferer soon becomes a vagabond (6£4). 183. FLO, I blow. FLA'T-UM, to blow. 1. Inflate, to fill with air. 1. To inflate the lungs, we must stand erect, expand the chest to its full size, and then make a long inspiration (499). 184. FLOS, (FLO'R-IS,) a flower. 1. Efflorescence, an appearance resembling flowers. 2. Florist, a cultivator of flow- ers. 2. Floral, pertaining to flowers. 1. A beautiful efflorescence 9 which appears on the snow in Greenland, has given it the name of " Red Snow." 2. A florist thinks himself very fortunate (188), if he can add one new specimen (497) to the floral beauties of his green-house. 3. Magnus, a noted depredator (408) from Norway, made an attempt to ravage (437) England, in the reign (438) of William Rufus, so called from his florid complexion (392). 4. Many plants, which are fruit-bearing in their native (324) country, are only floriferous when exotics. 5. Trees and flowers flourish in England, on account of the humidity (225) of the air. 185. FLTT-0, 1 flow. FLUX'-TJM, to flow. 3. Florid, having a lively red color. 4. Floriferous, bearing flowers. 5. Flowers, shrubs. 5. Flourish, are in vigor. 1. Fluency, readiness of speech. 1. Fluent,* ready in the use of . words. 2. Fluctuate, to wave. 3. Confluence, junction. 3. Fluctuation, undulation. 4. Affluence, wealth. 5. Influential, powerful. 6. Influx, coming in. 6. Superfluity, a superabun- dance. 7. Superfluous, more than is wanted. Influence, power. (47.) 1. Whitfield possessed great fluency of speech, and his passionate (368) appeals to his hearers, to attend to religion (260), were frequently followed by the conversion of hundreds. 2. A very light wind will cause the surface of the ocean to fluctu- ate sufficiently to produce sea-sickness. * Whitfield was very fluent* and his passionate, &c 7* 80 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3. At the confluence of two rapid (437) streams, the fluctua- tion of the water is very great. 4. Robert Morris, in the midst of affluence, was willing not only to entertain (521) the officers, but to provide sustenance (521) for the privates. 5. Formerly, Spain was one of the most influential nations of Europe ; but the suicidal (510) policy adopted by her rulers, has greatly diminished her power 6. On the discovery of gold in California, it was thought, that the influx of that commodity (306) would be so great, that there would be a superfluity. 7. We can find a ready market in Europe for all our superfluous wheat. 186. FO'LI-TJM, a leaf. 1. Foliage, a collection of leaves. Folio, a large book, in which the sheets of paper are folded only once. (109.) 1. When within ten miles of Fort Du Quesne, Braddock was startled by a shower of arrows from the dense foliage of the surrounding woods. 8. Reformation, correction. 9. Informality, absence of some legal form. 9. Formal, according to pre- scribed rule. Conformity, agreement. (38.) Formality, ceremoniousness. (165.) Formation, shape. (13.) Perform, execute. (144.) 187. FOR'M-A, form ; beauty. 1. Conform, to comply with. 2. Deformity, state of being de- formed. 3. Informer, informant. 4. Information, intelligence. 5. Transformation, change of condition. 6. Transform, to change. 6. Performance, achievement. 7. Uniformity, conformity to a pattern. 1. The Puritans, unwilling to conform to the law prescribing ministerial (299) habiliments (215), and many other things, which they could not approve (414), determined to emigrate to Holland. 2. Lord Byron was morbidly (312) sensitive on the subject of his deformity. 3. The informer 9 who apprised (409) General Grey of the locality of Wayne's troops, must have felt great remorse (313), when he heard of the massacre. 4. When information of the surrender of Yorktown, in 1781, was brought to Philadelphia, the aged doorkeeper of Congress fell dead. LATIN ROOTS. 81 5. What a transformation have railroads effected in one genera* lion (204), bringing the inhabitants of distant sections (469) in close contiguity (517) to each other. 6. Heathen mythology describes (467) beings with power to trans- form a man into a monster (311); thus, Circe's * performance was to change men into swine. 7. If there were no uniformity in the money of the United States, there would be more counterfeit coin. 8. To diminish (300) the amount (310) of crime among the junior (245) members of society, houses of reformation have been established in Massachusetts. 9. In 1690, Allen, having purchased Mason's claim, was appointed Governor of New Hampshire. Some informality in the grant to Mason, caused continual (521) disputes, but finally the Governor made a formal surrender of the land to the settlers. 188. FOES, (FOB'T-IS,) chance. Fortunate, successful. (184.) I Misfortune, calamity. (13.) Fortuitous, accidental. (102.) 189. FOR'T-IS, brave, strong. 1. Fortify, to strengthen by forts, batteries, &c. 2. Fortress, a fort. Comfort, a state of quiet en- joyment. (165.) 1. Gage determined to fortify Boston, in case of a rupture (451) between England and the Colonies. 2. The fortress of Ticonderoga surrendered in 1759 to Amherst, in 1775 to Ethan Allen, and in 1777 to Burgoyne. 190. FOS'S-A, a ditch, or trench. 1. Fossils, substances changed into stone. 1. Some fossils give irrefragable (191) evidence, that there has been a universal deluge. 191. FBAN'G-O, I break. FRAC'T-UM, to break. 4. Refractory, contumacious. 5. Suffrage, vote. Effort, exertion. (13.) Fortitude, courage. (57.) Fortification, military archi- tecture for defence. (58.) 1. Fracture, a breaking. 2. Fragment, a broken part. 2. Fragile, brittle. 3. Fragility, brittleness. 3. Frailty, state :>f being easily destroyed. 6. Infraction, violation. Infringement, violation. (22.) Irrefragable, not to be re- futed. (190.) * Cir'cfs. 82 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. In the battle of Vera Cruz, in 1836, a ball struck Santa Anna, and caused a fracture of his leg. 2. On the bursting of the Peacemaker, in 1844, & fragment of the fragile gun struck Mr. Upshur, Secretary of State, killing him instantly. 3. From the fragility of flowers, a sentimental (473) mind is led to moralize (315) on the frailty of all things earthly. 4. In 1664, Charles II. sent over commissioners (305), to bring the refractory Colonies of New England to obedience. 5. The permanent (281) limitation to the power of amendment is, as follows: — "No State, without its consent (473), shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate." 6. Fine and imprisonment, is the penalty for every infraction of the law, which requires a person to appear in court, when a subpoena (376) is served upon him. 192. FRA'TER, a brother. 1. Fraternal, brotherly. I 3. Fratricide, the murder of a 2. Fraternity, brotherhood. brother. 1. Penn's determination, to treat (538) the Indians in an honorable (221) manner, and to compensate (374) them for everything needed by the settlers, served to pacify (369) the Indians, and produce the most fraternal feelings. 2. No nobler fraternity can be found in history, than the forty- one men who sought the solitude (490) of Massachusetts, that they might enjoy religious freedom. 3. Had Cain subdued every feeling of jealousy and hatred, he would not have committed the crime of fratricide* 193. FRAUS, (FRATJ'D-IS,) deceit. Defraud, to cheat. (152.) | Fraudulent, treacherous. (100.) 194. FRI'G-TJS, (FRI'GOR-IS,) cold. 1. Frigidity, coldness. | 2. Frigid, cold. 1. Arnold and Montgomery, disregarding the frigidity of a Cana- dian winter, attacked Quebec on the last night of 1775. 2. The frigid atmosphere, and the falling snow, increased the misery (303) of the soldiers, in the memorable (290) attack on Quebec. 195. FRONS, (FRON'T-IS,) the forehead. 1. Confront, to meet face to face. 2. Frontispiece, a picture facing the title-page. Frontiers, borders. (86.) LATIN BOOTS. 83 1. Hearing that Santa Anna was advancing, Taylor resolved (491) to confront him at Buena Vista, in 1847. 2. When a book lies open, the frontispiece is on the left-hand page, the vignette on the right. 196. FRTJ'-OR, I enjoy. FKU'IT-US, to enjoy. 1. Fruition, pleasure derived from possession. 1. By patient continuance in well-doing, we may hope for the frui- tion of all our hopes, in another world. 197. FU'G-IO, I flee. FU'GIT-UM, to flee. Refugee, one who flees for pro- tection. (38.) 1. Subterfuge, evasion. Fugitive, one who flees. (13.) Refuge, shelter. (89.) 1. By a mean subterfuge, Col. John Butler induced Zebulon But' ler to come, with his force, into the woods of Wyoming, when a sud- den attack was made upon them. 198. FUL'GE-O, I shine. 1. Fulgency, brightness. I Effulgence, extreme brilliancy. (46.) 1. The opinion, that light is produced only by the fulgency of the sun, is not unable (521), as light was created before the sun. 199. FTJ'M-TJS, smoke. 1. Fumigation, the application of vapor as a disinfectant. 2. Perfume, odor. 1. Many substances are good for fumigation / such as coffee, tobacco, sugar, tar, &c. 2. How delightful to rusticate (452), where the primroses (412) diffuse (200) a sweet perfume through the room, and the tendril (521) of * the vine creeps lovingly into the window of our tenement (521), and all the air is redolent (344) of flowers. 3. In the manufacture of perfumery, it is necessary to express (410) the essence (511) of flowers. 200. FUN'D-0, 1 pour. FU'S-TJM, to pour. r 3. Perfumery, perfumes in gen- eral. 1. Fusion, state of being dis- solved by heat. 1. Fusible, capable of being melted. 1. Fuse, to melt. 2. Effusion, pouring out. 3. Infuse, to instil. Confusion, tumult. (164.) Diffuse, spread. (199.) Profusion, abundance. (69.) Refusing, declining. (20.) 84 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. Substances, in a state of fusion, are called liquids. All metali are fusible ; but intense heat is requisite (428) to fuse iron. 2. The humane (220) measures, which Penn adopted (348), to secure the pacification (369) of the Indians, prevented the effusion of blood, which took place in Virginia. 3. Washington endeavored to infuse fresh spirit and energy into the troops, by promising not only their pay, but a gratuity (210), to all who would remain. 201. EUN'D-TJS, a foundation. 1. Profound, intellectually deep. 2. Found, to establish. Foundation, basis of an edi- fice. (56.) Fundamental, lying at the foundation. (99.) Profundity, depth. (37.) 1. Jefferson, who wrote the Declaration of Independence, was a profound reasoner, on the most abstruse (542) subjects. 2. Lord Clarendon, and the seven noblemen, to whom Charles II. granted the Carolinas, had the most extravagant (554) and ludicrous (273) ideas of the empire, they expected to found in the New World. 202. GE'L-TJ, frost, cold. i. Congeal, to freeze. 1. To congeal water, the thermometer must be as low as 32 degrees. 203. GE'R-0, 1 bear, I carry. GES'T-UM, to bear, to carry. 1. Gesture, a movement expres- Indigestion, the state of food sive of emotion. undissolved in the stomach. 2. Gesticulation, gesture. (97.) 1. Lee's division was making a retrograde (207) movement, at the battle of Monmouth, when Washington, with an impatient (368) ges- ture, gave an imperative (229) order for them to advance. 2. When Dover was burned, in 1690, the Indians gained access to Major Waldron, who had treated them with great injustice (244), and, with frantic gesticulation, danced around the old man, saying, aa they cut him with their knives, " Thus I cross out my account." 204. GE'N-TJS, (GEN'ER-IS,) a race; a family. 1. Genial, causing production. 2. Genius, talent. 3. Genuine, not feigned. 4. General, universal. 4. Progenitor, forefather. , Ingenious, inventive. Congenial, agreeable to the nature. (102.) Generalize, to arrange par- ticulars under heads. (112.) LATIN ROOTS. 85 Gentility, refinement. (151.) Ingenuity, acuteness. (41.) Ingenuousness, candor. (125.) Generation, the period at which one rank follows another. (187.) Generous, nob. e-minded. (124.) 1. Notwithstanding the genial climate of Virginia, Lane could not induce the colonists to remain on Roanoke Island. 2. The genius of Locke was much better adapted to writing a dissertation (477) on abstract (538) subjects, than to framing a Consti- tution. 3. Genuine sorrow was exhibited, by the people of Great Britain, when Washington died. 4. As the deluge was general, and destroyed all but one family, Noah is the great progenitor of the human race. 5. The large number of patents issued every week, exhibit the in- genious character of Americans, and contribute (541) greatly to the wealth of the nation. 205. GLA'DI-US, a sword. 1. Gladiatorial, relating to the Roman prize-fighters. 1. Gladiator, a prize-fighter who fought in the arena for the entertainment of the Ro- mans. 1. The gladiatorial shows in Rome were witnessed by thousands, who would applaud (389) the success of either the gladiator or the beast. * 206. GLTJ'T-IO, I swallow. Glutton, a gormandizer. (152.) 207. GRA'DI-OE, I go step by step. GBES'S-US, to go step by step. 1. Gradation, advance step by step. 2. Graduate, receive a degree. 3. Degrades, debases. 4. Degradation, debasement. 5. Aggressions, encroachments. 6. Transgresses, violates. 7. Digressions, wanderings from the main subject. 1. John Singleton Copley, a poor boy of Boston, is a striking in- stance (485) of what can be effected by assiduous (471) attention (520) to business. He went to reside (471) in England, was taken into the Government service, and rose by regular gradation, until he be- came Lord Chancellor of England. Congress, the legislative depart- ment. (99.) Degree, rank. (10.) Gradual, advancing by steps. (94.) Progress, advancement. (59.) Retrograde, backward. (203.) Transgression, violation. (57.) 86 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. Yaie College, where so many of our erudite men graduate, waa founded in 1700. 3. To use bad language, so degrades the character, that Washing- ton forbade the practice in the army. 4. Commodore Decatur found the American prisoners in a state of great degradation. He compelled (373) the Dey to release them, and to relinquish the tribute (541), which had been long exacted. 5. The aggressions of the British, on the rights of the colonists, strengthened their determination (525) to revolt (584). 6. Disobedience to parents not only transgresses the law of God, but is subversive (565) of all government. 7. In giving an account of any transaction, stick to the main facts, and avoid useless digressions, 208. GRAN'D-IS, great. 1. Grandee, a man of high rank. I 2. Grandeur, magnificence. 2. Aggrandize, to increase. 1. Lord Clarendon, a grandee of England, received from Charles II. a large tract of land, which he called Carolina. 2. In 1683, Seth Sothel, & proprietor (416) of North Carolina, arrived as Governor. His only object seemed to be to aggrandize his own wealth and power, that he might return to* England, and live in grandeur. Granite, a rock consisting of several minerals, (quartz, feld- spar, and mica.) (147.) 209. GRA'N- UM, a grain of corn. 1. Granivorous, eating grain. 2. Granary, a storehouse for grain. 1. Man, being both carnivorous (585) and granivorous 9 has front teeth (called incisors) for cutting, and back teeth (called molars) for grinding. 2. A liberal (257) man will compassionate (368) the sufferings of the poor, and endeavor to ameliorate (289) their condition, by dispensing (374) corn from his well-filled granary. 210. GRA'T-US, grateful, pleasing. 1. Congratulate, to address with expressions of sympathetic pleasure. 2. Gratitude, thankfulness. 3. Ingratitude, unthankfulness. 4. Gratuitous, without remu- neration. 5. Gracious, benignant. 5. Gratis, for nothing. 6. Ingrate, an ungrateful per- son. 7. Ingratiate, to commend to the favor of another. Gratified, indulged. (23.) Gratuity, a free gift. (200.) Grateful, thankful. (124.) LATIN ROOTS. 8T 1. After two years of oppressive (410) rule, by Seth Sothel, the peo- ple of South Carolina banished him, and, in 1695, the Carolinas were able to congratulate each other, on the wise and equitable adminis- tration of John Arshdale. 2. The people showed their gratitude to the hero of Brandywine, in 1824, by gifts more substantial (485), than mere honorary (221) titles. 3. Santa Anna charged the Mexicans with ingratitude, and bade them remember (290), that he lost a leg, while fighting for them, in the battle of Vera Cruz. 4. The cession of Florida, and of the adjoining (242) islands (233), to the United States, was not gratuitous on the part of Spain. 5. The Indians frequently resorted to Penn in their difficulties, and his gracious manner, and friendly aid, always given gratis, did much to humanize (220) the savages. 6. Retributive (541) justice (244) is certain to visit the ingrate, who treats his parents with unkindness or disrespect (497). 7. Harvey, when sent to England for impeachment, contrived to ingratiate himself with the king, and to insinuate (484) so many doubts, as to the loyalty of the Virginians, that the king sent him back the same year. 211. GKA'V-IS, heavy, grievous. 1. Grievous, mournful. 1. Aggravation, increase (of evil). Aggravate, increase an evil. (50.) Gravitation, tendency of one body towards another. (47.) Gravity, seriousness. (123.) Grief, sorrow. (125.) Grieve, to distress. (123.) 1. It was grievous to witness the aggravation of the suffer- ings of the soldiers at Valley Forge, by the intense cold. Congregate, to assemble. (169.) Congregation, an assembly. (47.) 212. GKEX, (GKE'G-IS,) a flock. 1. Aggregate, the sum of many particulars. 2. Egregious, remarkably bad. 1. In June, 1777, a large force, under Burgoyne and St. Leger, amounting, in the aggregate, to 10,000 men, left Canada, to invade New York. 2. Clinton started from New York, to reinforce Burgoyne, but com- mitted the egregious blunder, of stopping to burn the towns on the Hudson, and Burgoyne was compelled to surrender. 213. GUBEK/N-0 I rule; I govern. 1. Gubernatorial pertaining to I 1. Govern, to rule, the Governor. 8 Habitation, a place of abode. (19.) Habiliments, garments. (187.) 88 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. While Andross occupied the gubernatorial chair of New York, he made several ineffectual attempts to govern Connecticut. His impotent (403) efforts brought upon him ridicule (442) and con- tempt. 214. GTJS'T-TJS, a taste, a relish. 1. Disgusted, excited the .aver- I Disgusting, nauseous. (138.) sion of. 1. In 1692, Wadsworth disgusted Governor Fletcher, by refusing to hear him, as much as he had Andross, by refusing to discuss (425) the subject of the charter. 215. HA'B-EO, I have. HAB'lT-tJM, to have. 1. Habitual, customary. 5. Inhabitants, residents. 2. Debilitated, enfeebled. Able, capable. (3.) 3. Habit, custom. Ability, power. (111.) 4. Prohibit, to forbid. 5. Inhabit, dwell in. 5. Exhibit, show. 5. Debility, feebleness. 1. The present tense (519) often expresses what is habitual, uni- versal (551), or permanent; as, "The sun gives light." 2. During the winter of 1777-78, hunger and exposure (399) had so debilitated the soldiers at Valley Forge, that nothing could be more opportune (402), than the provisions and medical stores, left by the British in Philadelphia. 3. It is so difficult to cure a bad habit, that it is safest not to form any. 4. An Embargo Law is a law to prohibit vessels leaving port (401). 5. Those who inhabit tropical climates, generally exhibit more debility in old age, than the inhabitants of colder regions. 216. HJE'RE-0, I stick. HJE'S-UM, to stick. 1. Incoherent, inconsistent. I Adhere, to own allegiance. (178.) 2. Inherent, innate. | Hesitate, scruple. (79.) 1. The incoherent ravings (432) of the prisoners, confined in the Sugar House, who were in a state of inanition (230), from want of food, &c, excited no compassion among the Tories. 2. The inherent right of all men, to life, liberty, and protection, is fully recognized in the Constitution of the United States. 217. HE'R-ES, (HERE'D-IS,) an heir or heiress. 1 . Hereditary, descended by in- heritance. I. Inheritance, patrimony. Disinherit, to cut off from suc- cession. (79.) LATIN ROOTS. 89 1. Even the fiiends of John Locke ridiculed (442) the idea of estab- lishing an hereditary order of nobility (334), among a people sparsely (495) scattered through the wilderness, whose only inheritance would be a log cabin. 218. HA'L-O, I breathe. 1. Exhales, breathes out. I Inhale, to draw in with the Exhalations, vapors. (50.) | breath. (106.) 1. A robust (446) person exhales and inhales many times in every minute. 219. HATJS'T-TJM, to draw. Exhaust, to draw out until nothing is left. (98.) 220. HO'M-0, a man. Human, belonging to mankind. (19.) Humane, benevolent. (200.) Humanize, to civilize. (210.) 221. HO'NOB, honor. Dishonest, unjust. (133.) Dishonor, disgrace. (68.) Honesty, uprightness. (141.) Inexhaustible, unfailing. (68.) Humanity, the nature of man. (34.) Homicide, manslaughter. (1.) Inhuman, barbarous. (82.) Honorable, not base. (192.) Honorary, intended merely to confer honor. (210.) 222. HOR'T-tTS, a garden. 1. Horticulture, the culture of gardens. 1. To promote horticulture^ the Patent Office is allowed to receive and distribute (541) garden-seeds. 223. HOST-ES, (H0S'PIT-IS f ) a host or guest. 1. Hospitable, kind to visitors. Hospital, a place for the sick. (177.) Hospitality, readiness to enter- tain strangers without reward. (129.) 1. Roger Williams expostulated (405) with the Council, against his banishment ; but finding he could not prevail (555), he sought refuge among the hospitable Narragansetts* 224. HOS'T-IS, an enemy. Hosts, multitudes. (30.) Hostile, adverse. (9.) Hostility, enmity. (56.) Hostilities, hostile proceedings. (9.) 90 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 225. HU'M-US, the ground. HU'MIL-IS, humble. 1. Humiliation, mortification. I Humid, damp. (50.) 2. Exhumed, disinterred. | Humidity, dampness. (184.) 1. The taking of Quebec, by the British, in 1759, was a great humiliation to France. 2. Charles II. gave orders to have the body of Cromwell exhumed, and exposed to the insults of every passer-by. As the body of Crom- well was not entirely decomposed (399), it was easy to prove (414) its identity (226). 226. I'DEM, the same. Identical, the same. (HI.) I Identify, to prove sameness. Identity, sameness. (225.) (47.) 227. IG'N-IS, fire. 1. Ignited, set on fire. 1. In 1777, Col. Return Jonathan Meigs attacked the British at Sag Harbor, captured ninety prisoners, exploded (389) the magazines, and ignited the vessels in the harbor. 228. IMA'G-0, (IMAG'IN-IS,) an image. 1. Imagination, fancy. Image, statue. (88.) Imaginary, fancied. (47.) Imagery, figurative representa- tion. (46.) 1. Imagination can scarcely depict (383) a more desolate (490) situation, than that of the Colony of Virginia, isolated (233), as it was, from all the world, and surrounded by Indians, who were resolved to effect its extirpation (505). Imperial, pertaining to an em- peror. (77.) Imperious, overbearing. (47.) 229. IM'PER-O, I command. ^jfc Empire, the dominion of an em- peror. (57.) Emperor, a monarch. (77.) Imperative, authoritative. (203.) 230. INA'N-IS, empty. Inanition, exhaustion. (216.) 231. IN'DEX, (IN'DIC-IS,) a sign; a pointer. 1. Index, a table of contents. 1. A scientific work is generally provided with an index and a vocabulary (580). LATIN ROOTS. 91 232. IN'FER-US, below. 1. Infernal, pertaining to the 1 Inferior, lower in place. (65.) lower regions. 1. "Stygian," in Heathen Mythology, refers to the Styx, a river of the infernal regions. 233. IN'SUL-A, an island. 1. Insulate, to isolate. 2. Insular, belonging to an island. Islands, portions of land sur- rounded by water. (210.) Isolated, placed by itself. (228. ) 1. Clinton hoped, by forming a junction (242) with Burgoyne, to insulate New England from the Middle States. 2. The insular position of England led to the passage of the Navi- gation (326) Acts, intended to increase her commerce. 234. IN'TEG-ER, whole. Integrity, purity of mind. (141.) 235. IN'T-US, or IN'TR-A, within. 1. Intrinsic, inherent. I Intimate, familiar. (64.) Interior, internal. (109.) I Intimation, hint. (82.) 1. The amount of pleasure we feel, on receiving a gift, does not depend on its intrinsic value, but on the feeling which prompted it. 236. I'R-A, anger. Irascible, easily made angry. (4.) 237. I'TER, (ITIN'ER-IS,) a journey. I'TER-0, 1 repeat. Iterate, to go over again. (88.) I Eeiterate, to repeat again and Itinerant, wandering. (68.) again. (47.) 238. JA'C-EO, I lie. 1. Circumjacent, lying round. | Adjacent, situated near. (56.) 1. Florida, and the circumjacent islands, were ceded to the United States in 1821. 239. JA'C-IO, I throw. JAC'T-UM, to throw. 1. Conjectured, surmised. 2. Eject, to expel. 3. Dejection, depression of spirits. Abject, mean. (103.) Dejected, depressed. (129.) 8* Ejaculation, the uttering of a short prayer, in the midst of other occupations. (64.) Subject, that which is acted upon. (27.) Subjected, made liable. (29.) 92 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. Washington conjectured 9 that Howe intended to attack New York, after the evacuation of Boston. 2. Dunmore, the last royal Governor of Virginia, was regarded with great aversion (565) by the colonists. When the Revolution com- menced, they determined to tolerate (533) him no longer, but to eject him by force. 3. The loss of Charleston, and the defection of the traitor (537) Arnold, in 1780, caused the greatest dejection in the American army, and a few of the more timorous (531) citizens joined the Loyalists. 240. JO'C-US, a joke. 1. Jocular, jocose. | 2. Jocularity, gayety. 1. "Colonel Washington is very illiterate (267), and cannot subscribe (467) his name to a document," said Tarleton, who had been wounded by him at Cowpens. "Ah! Colonel," retorted (535) Mrs. Jones, in a jocular manner, "you bear evidence (571) that he can make his mark " 2. The jocularity of Charles II., and his sociable (486) disposition (399), made him a general favorite. 241. JU'DIC-0, 1 judge. JUDICA'T-TJM, to judge. 1. Judicious, wise. Judiciary, the system of courts 2. Judicial, pertaining to courts of justice. (71.) of jusitce. Prejudicial, injurious. (47.) 3. Judicatory, a tribunal. Prejudice, opinion formed with- out due examination. (47.) 1. By judicious management (282), Scott, who was sent to super- sede (471) Atkinson, induced Black Hawk to conclude treaties, ceding nearly the whole of Iowa and Wisconsin. 2. John Jay, who was at the head of the Judicial Department (365), under Washington, was an excellent linguist (262), as well as an able lawyer. 3. To give false testimony (529), when called to testify before a judicatory, is not only to perjure (243) one's self, but to commit a crime which tends to subvert (565) the very foundations of society. 242. JUN'G-0, 1 join. JTJNC'T-UM, to join. Enjoin, command. (167.) Junction, union. (233.) Subjugate, conquer. (3.) 1. Adjuncts, things joined. 2. Conjuncture, combination. Adjoining, next. (210.) Conjugal, relating to mar- riage. (117.) 1. The relative, with its adjuncts 9 should be placed near its ante- cedent, to prevent (55*)) ambiguity. LATIN ROOTS. 93 2. The invention of the mariner's compass, the discovery of America, and the invention of printing, formed a conjuncture of circum- stances, very favorable to the dissemination (472) of knowledge. 243. JTJ'R-0, I swear. 1. Conjure, to practise magical arts. 2. Conjured, implored earnestly. Jury, a set of men sworn to give a true verdict. (146.) Perjure, to forswear. (241.) Perjury, false swearing. (57.) 1. Although the magicians of Chaldea professed to conjure, they could not read the handwriting on the wall. 2. Washington conjured the settlers of Wyoming and Cherry Val- ley, to fly from the impending (374) danger. 244. JUS, (JU'B-IS,) justice; law. 1. Jurisprudence, science of law. 2. Jurisdiction, extent of power. Adjust, to set right. (57.) Injurious, hurtful. (57.) Injustice, iniquity. (203.) Justice, merited punishment. (210.) Unjust, iniquitous. (182.) 1. Rufus Choate and Daniel Webster were noted for their knowledge of jurisprudence, 2. In 1688, New York and New Jersey were included in the juris- diction of Andross, although his claim to New Jersey had already been contested (529). 245. JU'VEN-IS, young. Junior, younger. (187.) | Juvenile, youthful. (76.) 246. LA'B-OR, labor. Elaborate, wrought with labor. 1 Laborious, tiresome. (134.) (16.) ' 247. LA'B-OR, I fall. LAP'S- US, to fall. 1. Collapse, to fall inward or I 2. Elapsed, passed away. together. | 3. Relapse, to fall back again. 1. Engineers are trying to discover, what it is which causes a boiler to collapse* 2. But fourteen years elapsed, after the settlement of Ohio, before it became a State. 3. When charges of immorality (315) were brought against Aaron Burr, Washington adopted the most lenient (254) measures, expostu- lated with him in private (413), and when he promised to improve (414), put him on probation (414). But Burr's negligence (253) caused him to 94 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. relapse into his old habits ; and as he showed no signs of penitence (376), Washington, after much deliberation (259), dismissed (305) him from his staff. 248. LA'P-IS, (LAFID-IS,) a stone. Dilapidation, demolition. (135.) 249. LA'T-US, broad. Latitude, distance from the equator, either north or south. (85.) 250. LA'T-TJS, (LAT'EB-IS,) a side. 1. Equilateral, having equal I 2. Collateral, on the side of. sides. I 1. It is impossible for a right-angled triangle to be equilateral. 2. The Treaty of Ghent settled some collateral questions, but made no mention of the main point at issue, viz., the impressment of American seamen. 251. LATJS, (LAU'D-IS,) praise. 1. Laudable, praiseworthy. 1 Laudatory, expressive of praise. Laud, praise. (8.) (142.) 1. The settlement of Georgia, in 1733, resulted from the laudable desire of some benevolent (582) gentlemen, to provide an asylum for the oppressed (410) of all nations. 252. LE'G-0, 1 send as an ambassador; I bequeath. LEGA'T-UM, to send as an ambassador ; to bequeath. Colleague, a fellow ambassador or officer. (92.) Legation, a deputation. (92.) 1. Allegations, declarations. 2. Delegate, a commissioner. Delegated, intrusted to an- other. (146.) 1. King Charles considered the allegations against Harvey insig- nificant (481), and easily disproved (414), and sent him back to Virginia the same year. 2. Rhode Island was the only State, that did not adopt a State Con- stitution during the Revolution, and the only one that did not send a delegate to the Convention in 1787. 253. LE'G-O, I gather, I select, I read. LEC'T-UM, to gather, to se- lect, to read. 1. Legible, that can be read. 2. Legend, narrative of fabulous character. 3. Dialects, peculiar modes of speech. 3. Intelligible, that can be un- derstood. Collect, gather together. (75.) Diligent, industrious. (76.) Eligible, fit to be chosen. (4.) LATIN ROOTS. 95 Election, the act of choosing. Lecture, a discourse designed (57.) to communicate formal in- Intellect, understanding. (144.) struction. (48.) Negligence, inattention. (247.) 1. A very ancient and legible copy of the Holy Scriptures, has recently been found in Russia. 2. According to an Indian legend, " Alabama " means, " Here I lay my bones." 3. In a great many dialects 9 there is a word meaning " amen" and so similar to it, that it is intelligible to a foreigner. 254. LE'N-IS, mild, gentle. 1. Lenity, gentleness of treat- I Lenient, mild. (247.) ment. • 1. Charles II., on the restoration of monarchy, strove to intimidate (531) his enemies by severity (480), rather than to appease them by lenity. Elevate, to raise. (171.) Relevant, applicable. (158.) 255. LE'V-0, I raise. 1. Levity, lightness. 2. Irrelevant, not applicable. Alleviate, to lighten. (174.) 1. A person need not be a devotee (586), to avoid levity on serious subjects. 2. The reply of George III., to an interrogation (447), was frequently so irrelevant, as to excite grave doubts as to his sanity (460). 256. LEX, (LE'G-IS,) a law. Legal, pertaining to law. (3.) Legitimate, in accordance with established law. (158.) Privileges, special advantages. (65.) Illegal, unlawful. (57. Legislate, to enact laws. (99.) Legislature, the law-making power. (6.) 257. LFBER, free. 1. Liberalize, to remove narrow views. Illiberality, narrowness of mind. (123.) 1. A good education tends to liberalize the mind, and free it from superstition (485). 258. LI'B-ER, (LI'BR-I,) a book. Library, a collection of books. (124.) Liberal, generous. (209.) Liberate, to set free. (117.) Liberty, freedom. (4.) 96 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 259. LTBR-O, I weigh in a balance. LIBRA'T-UM, to weigh in a balance. Deliberation, consideration. | Equilibrium, equal force. (144.) (247.) I 260. LI'G-0, I bind. LIGA'T-UM, to bind. Religion, duty to God and man. (185.) 1. Allegiance, acknowledged ob- ligation to obey. Obligation, binding power of a contract. (108.) 1. The American Colonies did not deny (328), that they owed alle- giance to Great Britain. 261. LI'MEN, (LI'MIN-IS,) a threshold. Preliminary, introductory. (10.) 262. LIN'GTT-A, the tongue ; a language. Language, the speech of a na- I Linguist, one skilled in lan- tion. (167.) guages. (241.) 263. LIN'QU-0, 1 leave. LIC'T-UM, to leave. Delinquent, failing in duty. • Relic, something left. (16.) (91.) I Relinquish, to abandon. (9.) 264. LIN'E-A, a line. 1. Delineate, to draw. I Lineage, family line. (57.) 2. Lineament, feature. | Lineal, in a line. (57.) 1. One of the juvenile efforts of Benjamin West, was an attempt to delineate the portrait of his sister. 2. Every lineament was so correct, that his mother recognized (334) it immediately (287), and wished to preserve it as a memento (290). 265. LI'N-TJM, flax. Linen, cloth made of flax. (57.) | Linseed, the seed of flax. (57.) 266. LIS, (LI'T-IS,) strife. 1. Litigation, going to law. 1. The people of New Hampshire regarded the demand for rent, as an imposition (399), and, in 1680, determined to resort to litigation, to decide the point. 267. LIT'ER-A, a letter. 1. Literal, exact to the letter. Literature, learning. (117,) 2. Obliterate, rub out. Literary, relating to learning. Illiterate, ignorant. (240.) (3.) LATIN ROOTS. 97 1. To transcribe (467) an article, so as to produce a literal copy, requires close attention. 2. Americans can never obliterate from their remembrance (290), the despicable (497) attempt of Arnold to betray (538) his country. Locate, to place. (109.) Locality, place. (40.) 268. LO'C-TJS, a place. 1. Locomotion, power of chang- ing place. 2. Local, relating to place. 1. An oyster has not locomotion, yet it is classed among animals, rather than vegetables. 2. A knowledge of local geography, is very valuable (555) in almost any vocation (580). 269. LON'G-US, long. 1. Elongate, to lengthen. Longitude, distance, east or west, from any established meridian. (118.) 1. From the 21st of December, the days continue to elongate in the Northern Hemisphere, and diminish in the Southern, until the sun reaches the equinoctial (336) line, when the days and nights are equal. 270. LO'QU-OR, I speak. LOCU'T-TJS, to speak. 1. Elocution, the art of oratorical delivery. 2. Circumlocution, round-about expression. 3. Obloquy, censure. 4. Soliloquy, a speech in soli- tude. Colloquial, relating to conver- sation. (37.) Colloquy, conversation. (123.) Eloquent, expressive of strong emotion. (10.) Loquacity, talkativeness. (123.) 1. No one can excel in elocution, who does not possess the power to enunciate (341) clearly and distinctly. 2. Those who perform great deeds, rarely use much circumlocU' tion in describing them. " We met the enemy, and they are ours," was the missive (305), that announced the great victory on Lake Erie. 3. Much obloquy was cast on William Penn, by malevolent (279) persons, for his supposed adherence to the cause of the deposed monarch. 4. Cato's soliloquy, commencing, "It must be so; Plato, thou reasonest well," &c, has consoled (489) many, who were ready to despair, and kept them from committing suicide (510). 271. LTJ'CR-UM, gain. 1. Lucrative, profitable. 98 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. The trade with the American Colonies was so lucrative, that, in 1651, Cromwell passed an Act, intended to secure the whole trade to the English. 272. LUC'T-OR, I struggle. 1. Reluctant, unwilling. 1. Elizabeth was very reluctant to sign (481) the death-warrant of Essex ; but his conduct had been so reprehensible (409), that she had not the slightest pretext to refuse. 273. LTJ'D-O, I play. LU'S-UM, to play. Ludicrous, exciting laughter. (201.) 1. Delusion, false belief. Allusions, references to some- thing. (76.) 1. In 1692, a dreadful delusion, known as the " Salem witch- craft," prevailed in Massachusetts. 274. LTJ'N-A, the moon. 1. Lunatic, an insane person. | Lunar, relating to the moon. Lunacy, madness. (145.) I (145.) 1. George III. was for many years a lunatic, and the expediency of appointing a regent (438), was frequently discussed. 275. LTJ'-O, I wash away. LU'T-UM, to wash away. 1. Ablution, a washing or I 2. Dilute, to make thin or weak. cleansing. 1. The frequent ablution of the whole body, is enjoined by the Mosaic Law. 2. It is & punishable (421) offence, in some countries, to dilute milk, or to adulterate any article of merchandise. 276. LTJ'CE-0, 1 shine. LU'MEN, (LTJ'MIN-IS,) light. 1. Elucidate, to explain. 2. Illumination, lighting up. 3. Luminous, emitting light. Illuminate, to enlighten. (123.) Lucid, clear. (40.) Luminary, the sun. (177.) Translucent, transparent. (142.) 1. Newton was the first to clearly elucidate the principle of the attraction of gravitation. 2. There was a general illumination, on the repeal of the Stamp Act, in 1766. 3. The moon is not a luminous body, but irradiates (433) the earth, by reflecting the rays (433) of the sun. LATIN ROOTS. 99 3. Magistrate, one having civil authority. 277, MAGIS'TER, a master. 1. Magistracy, the office or dig- nity of a magistrate. 2. Magisterial, having the air of authority. 1. Prescott, the Governor-General of Rhode Island, appointed none to the magistracy 9 but those who would carry out his malicious (279) designs against the Provincials. 2. Berkley, the aristocratic governor of Virginia, said, with a magisterial air, "Thank God, there are no free schools, nor printing-presses, in Virginia." 3. John Bunyan was frequently brought before a magistrate / but, instead of obtaining his liberty, was generally remanded (280) to prison. 278. MAG'N-US, great. MA'JOR, greater. 1. Magnanimous, of noble mind. 2. Magnify, enlarge. Magnitude, greatness. (167.) Majority, the part of any num- ber greater than the sum of all the other parts. (76.) 1. Had Washington been less magnanimous, he would have taken measures to punish Conway, for his unprovoked attacks. 2. When we magnify a drop of water, we see that it is filled with living beings. 279. MA'LE, evil; ill. 1. Maladministration, bad use of power. Malign, slander. (167.) Malcontent, a dissatisfied, restless member of society. (39.) Malicious, intending ill to others. (277.) Malevolent, wishing ill to an- other. (270.) Malignity, extreme enmity. (46.) 1. Impeachment is the power, which the House of Representatives has, to bring a charge against a civil officer for maladministra- tion of office. 280. MAN'D-0, I bid or command. MANDA'T-TJM, to bid, to com- mand. Command, injunction. (57.) Countermand, to revoke. (102.) 281. MA'NE-0, 1 stay. Permanent, lasting. (191.) 9 Mandate, order. (57.) Remanded, sent back. (277.) | Remain, stay. (14.) 100 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 282. MA'N-u*$ the hand. Maintain, to support. (104.) Manumission, giving liberty to slaves. (47.) Manoeuvre, a skilful movement. (115.) Manufactory, a work-shop. (41.) Manuscript, a writing. (103.) 1. Amanuensis, a person em- ployed to write what another dictates. 2. Manacles, shackles. Management, manner of treat- ing. (241.) Manual, performed by the hand. (134.) 1. Want of sight is generally considered an insuperable (513) obsta- cle to literary pursuits; but Milton, by means of an amanuensis, wrote the whole of "Paradise Lost," after he became blind. 2. What more striking instance of the mutability (323) of all things earthly, can be given, than that of Columbus, returning in mana- cles from the New World, which he had discovered. 283. MA'R-E, the sea. 1. Transmarine, across the sea. | Maritime, bordering on the sea. 2. Submarine, under the sea. (109.) 1. In 1763, England received a large accession to her transma- rine possessions — France ceding all her territory east of the Missis- sippi, and north of the Iberville River. 2. The persistent (485) efforts of Cyrus W. Field, to lay a suhmw- Tine telegraph, to unite (551) England and America, have bee* crowned with success. 284. MA'TER, (MA'TR-IS,) a mother. Matron, an elderly lady. (123.) 285. MATU'R-TJS, ripe. 1. Matured, well digested. I Maturity, ripeness. (97.) Immature, unripe. (97.) ' Premature, too hasty. (66.) 1. In 1838, the insurgents (514) in Canada, having matured theii plans, an insurrection (514) took place. As many Americans attempted to evade (553) the laws, requiring (428) neutrality (330), the President issued an admonitory (309) proclamation. 286. ME'DE-OR, I am cured. 1. Medicinal, having the power of healing. Irremediable, incurable. (161/ Medical, relating to the art of healing. (149 ) Medicine, any substance used in curing disease. (47.) Remedial, intended for a rem- edy. (68.) Remedy, a cure. (152.) LATIN ROOTS. 101 1. The Indians are well acquainted with the medicinal proper- ties of the leaf of the plantain (387). 287. ME'DI-US, middle. 1. Medium, means. Mediate, to interpose between Immediately, instantly. (264.) parties, for" the purpose of Mediation, interposition. (20.) effecting a reconciliation. (57.) 1. A system of signals (481) is usually adopted, as a medium of communication (320), between the distant (485) parts of an army. 288. MED'IT-OK, I muse. 1. Premeditated, planned previously. 1. As the Indians of Virginia had premeditated the attack, in 1644, they were well prepared for the contest. 289. ME'LIOR, better. 1. Melioration, improvement. , Ameliorate, to make better. I (209.) 1. In 1733, Oglethorpe, and other benevolent gentlemen, felt that some melioration of the condition of the poor of England was ab- solutely necessary. Memento, that which reminds. (264.) Memorable, worthy to be re- membered. (194.) Remember, bear in mind. (2i0.) Remembrance, recollection. (267.) 290. ME'MOR, mindful. 1. Reminiscence, recollection. 1. Memory, the faculty by which we remember. 2. Memorial, a monument. 3. Commemorate, to preserve in memory by some public act. Immemorial, beyond memory. (170.) 1. The following anecdote, containing a pleasing reminiscence of Washington, and a remarkable instance of ready tact in a child, is worth committing (305) to memory. As Washington was about to leave a house, where he had made a call, a modest (306) little girl opened the door, and courteously held it for him to pass out. "My dear," said Washington, " I wish you a better service." " Yes, sir," said the little girl, " to let you in." 2. The Franklin Library is a far more suitable memorial of Benja- min Franklin, than any useless monument, which posterity (404) could erect. 3. The sacrament (453) of the Lord's Supper, instituted (485) to commemorate the death of Jesus Christ, is described by each Evangelist. 102 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 291. MENS, (MEN'T-IS,) the mind. Mental, relating to the mind. (83.) 292. MER'G-O, I dip. MER'S-UM, to dip. 1. Emergency, pressing neces- I Immersion, a dipping. (103.) sity. ' 1. Clinton, knowing that Savannah was totally (536) unprepared (364), sent a force, in 1778, to take it. In this emergency, General Robert Howe made a brave defence ; but, overcome by the disparity (361) of the forces, was obliged to retire, and the British entered Savannah. 293. MER'C-OR, I buy, I traffic. 1. Mercenary, serving for pay. 2. Mercantile, pertaining to a merchant. Commerce, trade. (107.) Merchandise, things bought and sold. (57.) Merchant, a trader. (3.) 1. Burgoyne's army was composed of a heterogeneous mass of mer- cenary troops, gathered by conscription (467). 2. The assumption (512), that the British Government had the right to seize deserters, was destructive (507) of the mercantile interests (511) of the United States. 294. ME'-O, I go to and fro. 1. Meandering, winding. 1. Mythology gives the name Meander to a river in Asia, remark- able for its meandering or serpentine (478) course. 295. MI'GR-0, 1 remove. MIGRA'T-TJM, to remove. 1. Migratory, roving. Emigrate, to remove from a place. (44.) Immigration, the coming of foreigners into a country. (68.) Immigrant, one who comes into a country to reside. (109.) Migration, departure to a dis- tant place of residence. (48.) Transmigration, a passing from one state to another. (171.) 1. In 1713, a migratory band of Tuscaroras arrived in New York, and joined the Five Nations. 296. MI'L-ES, (MIL'IT-IS,) a soldier. Militia, the enrolled soldiers. (75.) 1. Militant, contending. Military, pertaining to sol- diery. (72.) 1. Until Christianity prevails all over the world, the church will be a church militant* LATIN ROOTS. 103 297 MIL'IE, a thousand. Millennium, a thousand years of peace. (14.) 298. M'N-EO, I jut out. 1. Prominent, eminent. I Eminent, distinguished. (47.) 2. Eminence, distinction. ' 1. William Markham, a prominent Quaker and philanthropist, was appointed deputy-governor (422) of the colony, which settled at Chester, in 1681. 2. The great eminence, attained by some, is owing more to atten- tion and perseverance, than to a retentive (521) memory (290). 299. MINISTER, (MINIS'TR-I,) a servant. 1. Administrator, one who takes charge of the property of a person dying without a will. Administer, dispense. (87.) Administration, management of public affairs. (57.) 1. When a man dies intestate (529), it is necessary to appoint an administrator. Minister, one who is appointed to transact business of state under the direction of the chief executive. (58.) Ministerial, clerical. (187.) 300. MI'N-OR, less. MIN'U-0, 1 lessen. MINU'T-UM, to lessen. 3. Minute, small. Diminish, to make less. (187.) 1. Diminution, decrease. 2. Minority, the smaller number. 3. Diminutive, little. 1. Want and disease had caused such a diminution in the army, and the people were so sunk in lethargy, that Lincoln was compelled to surrender Charleston, in 1780. 2. The minority in Congress have the following powers : — 1. They "may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance (520) of absent (511) members, in such manner, and under such penalties, as each House may provide." 2. " The yeas and nays of the members of either House, on any question, shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present (511), be entered on the journal." 3. In making the soundings for the Atlantic Cable, the plummet (394) brought up diminutive shells, some of them so minute^ that they looked like atoms. 301. MI'R-TJS, strange, wonderful. 1. Miraculous, exceeding the laws of nature. 2. Admirable, of wonderful ex- cellence. 9* Admirably, wonderfully. (19.) Admiration, wonder. (27.) 104 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. According to an ancient tradition (537), the veritable (566) taber* nacle (515), (described in the Pentateuch, as having been carried by the Jews in the exodus), is still in existence (485), having been preserved by miraculous power. 2. Few, who associated (486) with Hamilton, could fail to appreciate (411) the admirable qualities which he possessed. 302. MIS'CEO, I mix. MIX'T-UM, to mix. 3. Promiscuous, mingled indis- criminately. 1. Miscellany, a collection of various things. 2. Miscellaneous, mixed. 1. The New American Cyclopedia contains a most interesting mis- cellany, embracing Mechanics, Geometry, Geology, &c. 2. The Patent Office contains a miscellaneous collection of every kind of apparatus (364). 3. A promiscuous multitude (317), composed of all classes, gain admission (305) to the President on New- Year's day. 303. MI'SER, wretched. 1. Commiserated, pitied. I Miserable, unhappy. (57.) J Misery, suffering. (194.) 1. The intense sufferings of the prisoners, in the " Prison Ship," were unmitigated (304) during the war. If any Royalist commiser- ated these sufferings, and provided a palliative (360), he soon received an admonition (309) from the Provost-Marshal, which caused him to desist. 304. MIT'IG-O, I make mild, I soften. Mitigate, to assuage. (135.) | Unmitigated, unassuaged.(303.) 305. MIT'T-0, I send. MIS'S-UM, tosend. 1. Emitted, sent forth. 2. Intermittent, ceasing at in- tervals. 3. Transmit, to deliver. 4. Remiss, negligent. 5. Mission, commission. Admit, permit. (5.) Admission, admittance. (302.) Commissary, the officer whose business it is to provide food for the army. (5.) Commissioners, those bearing a commission. (191.) Commission, a trust. (171.) Commit, to perpetrate. (23.) Committing, intrusting. (290.) Compromise, adjustment by con- cession. (57.) Dismissed, sent away. (247.) Emissary, one sent out as a se- cret agent. (66.) Intermission, cessation for a time. (68.) Missionary, one sent to propa- gate religion. (23.) Missive, message sent. (270.) Permission, leave granted. (63.) Permit, allow. (22.) LATIN ROOTS. 105 Submission, a yielding. (6.) Surmise, suspicion. (167.) Promising, stipulating. (13.) Promissory, containing a prom- ise. (131.) 1. During an eruption (451) of Mount (310) Vesuvius, such a quan- tity of lava, ashes, &c, was emitted, that two cities were destroyed. 2. In some of the oil wells, the flow is uninterrupted (451), while in others it is intermittent* 3. The franiers of the Constitution hoped to transmit the bless- ings of liberty to their posterity. 4. Lee was so remiss in reinforcing Washington, in 1776, that many doubted his love for the American cause. 5. Jay's mission to England was so successful, that, in 1795, a treaty was laid before the Senate, for ratification (439). 306. MO'D- ITS, a manner. 1. Moderate, observing proper bounds. 2. Modesty, humility. 3. Modify, to change the charac- ter of a thing. 4. Commodious, convenient. 4. Incommoded, inconvenienced. Accommodate, to supply with conveniences. (47.) Commodity, article. (185.) Model, a copy to be imitated. (74.) Modest, unobtrusive. (290.) 1. Never eat to satiety (463) ; but be moderate in all things, if you would preserve health. 2. Although Washington had proved himself such a competent (381) General, yet, when appointed to the position (399) of Commander-in- chief, he said, with great modesty, " I do not think myself equal to the command." 3. As Great Britain refused to repeal or modify the "Orders in Council," war was declared in 1812. 4. The want of commodious habitations, greatly incommoded the early settlers of Massachusetts. 307. MO'LI-OR, I rear or build. MOLI'T-TJS, to rear or build. 1. Demolition, destruction. | Demolish, to throw down. (60.) 1. When Howe evacuated Boston, he threatened the demolition of all the principal buildings, if Washington fired on his ships. 308. MOL'L-IS, soft. 1. Emollient, that which as- I Mollify, to assuage. (117.) suages. 1. While the attendants of King were applying (392) some unctuous (550) substance, as an emollient, it took fire, and enveloped (558) him in flames. He soon expired, in great torment (535). 106 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 309. MO'N-EO, I put in mind ; I warn. MON'IT-UM, to put in mind to warn. 1. Monitor, a pupil who acts in place of a teacher. 1. Summon, to call. Admonish, to remind of a fault. (58.) Admonition, warning. (303.) Admonitory, giving warning. (285.) Premonitory, giving warning beforehand. (145.) 1. In the Lancasterian method of education, a monitor is em- ployed, to summon the classes to their exercises. 310. MONS, (MON'T-IS,) a high hill. 1. Paramount, superior. I Mount, a hill. (305.) Amount, the sum. (187.) | Surmount, to rise above. (116.) 1. Moral science (or ethics) teaches, that the duty we owe to God is paramount to any duty imposed by man. 311. MON'STR-O, I point, I show. MONSTRA'T-TJM, to point out, to show. 1. Monstrous, unnatural. Demonstrate, make evident. (117.) Monster, anything horrible from ugliness. (187.) Eemonstrate, to expostulate. (151.) 1. The Algerines held the monstrous doctrine, that all persons shipwrecked on their shores, were slaves. 312. MOR'B-TJS, a disease. Morbidly, in a diseased manner. (187.) 313. MOR'D-EO, I bite. MOR'S-UM, to bite. Remorse, sense of guilt. (187.) 314. MORS,(MOR'T-IS,) death. Mortal, deadly. (96.) Mortality, death. (140.) Mortification, vexation. (53.) 1. Mortify, to humble. Immortal, exempt from death. (125.) Immortalize, to perpetuate. (158.) 1. Wayne determined to vindicate (574) his honor, and to mortify the British, for his defeat at Paoli. He did it most completely (391), in the retaking of Stony Point. 315. M0S, (MO'R-IS,) custom; practice. Demoralize, to render corrupt I Immorality, want of correctness in morals. (116.) ' of life. (247.) LATIN ROOTS. 107 Immoral, not virtuous. (151.) Morality, correctness of life. (133.) 316. MO'VE-O, I move. MO'T-TJM, to move. Moralize, to apply to a moral purpose. (191.) Promote, to advance. (57.) Promotion, advancement. (66.) Promotive, tending to advance (143.) Remove, to change the place. (176.) Commotion, tumult. (163.) Emotion, disturbance of mind. (50.) Motive, inducement. (3.) Movables, goods. (176.) Movement, motion. (50.) 317. MUL'T-US, much. 1. Multiform, having many I Multitude, a great number, forms. | (302.) 1. To one who scrutinizes (468) closely, Nature, in every depart^ ment, exhibits multiform beauties. 318. MUN'D-TJS, the earth; the world. 1. Mundane, earthly. 1. We hold every mundane treasure by a very precarious (407) tenure (521). 319. MU'NI-O, I fortify- MUNI'T-TJM, to fortify. Ammunition, materials used in war. (25.) 320. MTJ'N-US, (MU'NER-IS,) an office; a gift. Common, usual. (15.) Communicate, to impart. (66.) Communication, the imparting of knowledge. (287.) Community, society. (3.) REMUNERATiON,recompense.(44.) 1. Munificence, liberality. 2. Municipal, pertaining to a city. 3. Communicative, ready to im- part knowledge. 4. Immunities, peculiar privi- leges. 1. The munificence of Mr. Peabody has conferred innumerable (340) blessings on the poor (370) of London, and kept many from pauperism (370). 2. One of the most important duties, devolving (584) upon munici- pal authorities, is to provide an abundant (549) supply of water. 3. The first adventurers (559) to the New World, found the Indians friendly and communicative* 4. The citizens of each State shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of citizens in the several States. 108 THE MODEX ETYMOLOGY. 321. MTJ'R-TJS, a wall. 1. Immured, imprisoned, 1. "Why was Caspar Hauser immured from infancy to man- hood?" is a question on which many have speculated (497), but none have come to any satisfactory (463) conclusion. 322. MU'S-A, a muse. 1. Museum, the place where cu- riosities are deposited. 1. Muse, to meditate. 2. Muses, heathen goddesses who presided over poetry, &c. Musician, one skilled in mu- sic. (68.) 1. A visitor (571) at the British Museum, is led to muse on the transitory nature of earthly greatness. 2. Castalia was a fountain on Mount Parnassus, sacred to the Nine Muses, 323. MU'T-0, 1 change. MTJTA'T-TJM, to change. Mutability, changeableness. (282.) 1. Mutual, reciprocal. 2. Immutable, unchangeable. 3. Transmute, to change from one substance to another. 1. The connection (327) of the New and the Old World, by the Atlan- tic Telegraph, will probably prove a mutual advantage. 2. The Medes and Persians boasted, that their laws were immuta- ble, yet not a vestige (567) of them remains at the present day. 3. How vividly (579) does Hawthorne, in his "Wonder Book," de- scribe the "Golden Touch of Midas," which was able to transmute everything to gold. 324. NAS'C-OR, I am born. NA'T-TJS, to be born. , Nativity, birth. Innate, inborn. (123.) Nation, a distinct people unit- ed in the same government. (113.) Natural, native. (4.) Nature, essential quality. (1.) Naturalist, one versed in natu- ral history. (138.) Supernatural, beyond nature. (41.) Native, relating to birth. (184.) 1. The place of Homer's nativity is a doubtful point, as may bo seen from the well-known distich : " Seven cities contend for Homer dead, Through which, the living Homer begged his bread." 325. NATJ'T-A, a sailor. 1. Nautical, pertaining to navigation. 1. Before the invention of the mariner's compass, in 1302, nautical skill was limited to navigable (326) rivers, and the shores of the ocean. LAT1X ROOTS. 109 326. NAV'-IS, a ship. Circumnavigation - , around. (32.) Naval, maritime. (113.) sailing Navigable, passable by ships. (325.) Navigation, relating to vessels. (233.) 327.. NEC'T-O, I tie or bind. NEX'-TJM, to tie or bind. 1. Annexation, the act of con- I 2. Disconnect, to separate, necting. | Connection, joining. (323.) 1. The annexation of Texas was a very unpopular (400) measure with a large party in the North. 2. In 1836, the people of Texas, disgusted with the despotism of Mexico, determined to disconnect Texas from that country. 328. NE'G-O, I deny. NEGA'T-TJM, to deny. Deny, declare not to be true, (260.) 1. Negatives, words expressive of denial. 1. Negation, denial. Negative, implying denial. (102.) 1. Two negatives in the same sentence are improper, if intended to express the same negation, 329. NEFA'RI-TJS, wicked. 1. Nefarious, extremely wicked. 1. The Emperor Nero was guilty of such nefarious acts, that his name is a synonym for monster. 330. NEU'TER, neither of the two. Neutral, not engaged on either side. (57.) Neutrality, the state of taking no part. (285.) 331. NI'HIL, nothing. Annihilation, reducing to nothing. (125.) Neutralizes, destroys peculiar properties. (152.) 332. NO'C-EO, I hurt ,• I harm. 1. Innocent, free from guilt. 2. Nuisance, that which incom- modes. 3. Obnoxious, offensive. Innocence, purity. (57.) 1. In Germany, during the 16th century, more than 100,000 inno- cent persons suffered death for witchcraft. 2. Scholars should be ashamed of conduct, which makes a school- house a nuisance* 110 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 3. George III. found it impossible, to mike obnoxious laws, opera* five (349) in the American Colonies, 333. NOE/M-A, a rule. 1. Normal, according to estab- lished principles. Enormity, excessive greatness. (30.) Enormous, huge. (152.) 1. A good Normal School is essential to the existence of good Common Schools. 334. NOS'C-0,Iknow. NO'T-UM, to know. NO'T-A, a mark. NO'MEN, a name. Noble, generous. (136.) Nobility, patricians. (217.) Nominate, to name for appoint- ment. (74.) Notify, to make known. (24.) Recognized, remembered as pre- viously known. (264.) 1. Notorious, remarkable. 2. Reconnoitering, surveying. 3. Nominal, in name only. Denomination, religious sect. Ennoble, to raise to the no- bility. (120.) Ignominy, dishonor. (29.)' 1. Captain Kidd was a notorious pirate, who is said to have de- posited immense treasure on the coast of Massachusetts. 2. Sumpter and Marion were invaluable, for reconnoitering and carrying on partisan (365) warfare. 3. The treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was but a temporary (519) suspen- sion of hostilities, and the peace established, proved to be only nominal, especially where there was not a full complement (391) of regular troops. 335. NO'V-US, new. 1. Innovation, introduction of something new. 2. Renovated, made new. 1. Walter Scott, having become insolvent (491), commenced writing a series of historical novels, which were such an innovation on the usual style of novels, that they created a great sensation. 2. A new earth, renovated, and made free from all, that is so odious (343) and repugnant (418) in this, is described in the Apocalypse. 3. The Thugs of India, before admitting a novice, demand a solemn asseveration (480), that he will never divulge their secrets, 336. NOX, (NOC'T-IS,) night. 1. Nocturnal, nightly. I Equinoctial, pertaining to the equinox. (269.) 1. Nothing so completely eradicates (434) the belief in spectres (497) and nocturnal visitants (571), as education. -* 3. Novice, one new in a busi- ness. Novels, fictitious tales. (174.) LATIN ROOTS. Ill 337. NU'B-O, I marry. NUP'T-TJM, to marry. 1. Nuptials, marriage ceremonies. 1. When Lord Lyons, who was a bachelor, gave formal (187) notice to the President, of the nuptials of the Prince (412) of Wales, Lin- coln merely replied, "Lord Lyons, go thou and do likewise." 338. NU'D-US, naked. 1. Denude, make bare. | Nudity, nakedness. (14.) 1. When the cold blasts from the north denude the trees, we should have sympathy with those, who are poor and suffering. 339. NUL'L-US, no one. 1. Nullify, to render of no [ 2. Nullity, that which is void force. I in law. 1. The "Non-Intercourse Act" was designed to nullify the Act ; which imposed a duty on tea, glass, paper, painters' colors, &c. 2. The Charter of Massachusetts was declared a nullity, in 1684, by Charles II. 340. NU'MER-US, a number. 1. Supernumeraries, persons beyond the usual number. Innumerable, too many to be counted. (320.) # Numerical, pertaining to num- bers. (57.) 1. Where a large number of laborers are employed, it is common to have several supernumeraries* 341. NUN'CI-0, I announce. 1. Renounced, disowned. Announce, to give notice. (75.) Denounce, to stigmatize. (120.] Denunciation, public menace. (158.) Enunciate, to utter. (270.) 1. Such was the odium (343) attached to the name of Quaker, that Admiral Penn renounced his son for professing their principles. 342. OC'TJL-TJS, the eye. 2. Ocular, perceived by the eye. 1. Inoculate, to communicate a disease by inserting conta- gious matter in the flesh. 1. In the spring of 1777, Washington determined to inoculate his army with the small-pox. 2. The sailors were so sceptical, that they were on the point of mu- tiny, when they had ocular demonstration, that they were approach- ing land. 10 112 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 343. O'DI, I hate. Odious, causing hatred. (335.) [ OrtuM, dislike. (341.) 344. O'L-EO, I emit odor. 1. Olfactory, pertaining to the l Redolent, diffusing a sweet sense of smelling. | scent (followed by of). (199.) 1. The olfactory nerves, or nerves of smelling, are very sensitive ia birds of prey. Omniscient, having infinite knowledge. (176.) 345. OM'N-IS, every; all. Omnipotent, having all power. (57.) Omnipresent, everywhere pres- ent. (176.) 346. O'N-US, (ON'EB-IS,) a burden. 1. Exonerate, to exculpate. | 2. Onerous, burdensome. 1. In 1636, Harvey was sent to England, charged with serious offences ; but he found it easy to exonerate himself, and soon re- turned. 2. Pitt, with all his onerous duties, found time to carefully inves- tigate (567) the cause of the reverses in America, and to plan a vigor- ous (572) prosecution (476) of the war. 347. OPI'N-OR, I think ; I imagine. Opinion, judgment. (143.) 348. OP'T-O, I wish. OPTA'T-TJM, to wish. 1. Option, choice. | Adopted, chose. (200.) 1. Unless James II. could have induced Louis XIV. of France to co-operate (349) with him in a civil war, he had no option, but was compelled to abdicate. 349. OP'ER-A, work; labor. 1. Inoperative, not producing Co-operate, to act together. (348.) effects. Operation, action. (134.) 2. Operate, produce effects. ' Operative, effective. (332.) 1. The extraordinary (351) powers granted to the President, by the Alien and Sedition (471) Acts, had rendered them inoperative. 2. With the ordinary (351) covering, the telegraphic wire will not operate under water. 350. OR'B-IS, a circle; a circular body. 1. Exorbitant, extravagant. | 2. Orbit, path of a planet. LATIN ROOTS. 113 1. For such a tract of land as the Louisiana Territory, $15,000,000 was not an exorbitant price. 2. Astronomy teaches us, that the orbit of the earth is oval (356), and that the earth is nearer the sun in winter, than in summer. 351. OR DO, (OR'DIN-IS,) order. 1. Ordinances, laws. 2. Insubordination, disobedi- ence to lawful authority. 3. Subordinate, inferior. 4. Inordinate, excessive. Extraordinary, beyond the usual course. (349.) Order, command. (102.) . Ordinary, in the usual manner. (349.) 1. The various ordinances, imposing restrictions (506) on the com- merce of the colonies, at first produced remonstrance, and eventually (559) rebellion. 2. Braddock thought it showed insubordination, to express any doubt as to the expediency of his plans. 3.i Aaron Burr h'eld a subordinate position in the army, in the early part of the war. 4. Ostentation (520) and inordinate love of dress, have induced many persons to steal. 352. O'RI-OR, I rise ; I spring from. OR'DI-OR, I begin. Oriental, eastern. (46.) Originated, brought into exist- ence. (142.) 1. Originality, the quality of being original. 1. Exordium, formal preface. 2. Originally, at first. 1. If an orator has eloquence and originality, whether his dis- course commences with an exordium, and ends with a peroration (354), or not, it is heard with interest. 2. The tradition, that the Indians of North America, originally came across the "big water," is an argument for the unity (551) of the human race. 353. OR'N-O, I embellish. ORNA'T-TJM, to embellish. 1. Ornate, highly ornamented. | Ornament, embellishment. (69.) 1. Many of the cathedrals in England are built in an ornate and expensive (374) style. 354. O'R-O, I pray; I ask. ORA'T-UM, to pray; to ask. Inexorable, not to be moved by entreaty. (29.) 1. Oratory, eloquence. 2. Oracle, a place where the heathen deities were con- sulted. 2. Orisons, prayers. Adoration, worship. (46.) Oration, a formal speech. (46.) Orator, a public speaker. (10.) Peroration, the final summing up of a speech. (352.) 114 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. The orations of Caesar are still extant (485), and are regarded as models, to be studied by all, who would excel in oratory* 2. Washington sought no Delphic oracle, but, amid the snows of Valley Forge, offered his earnest orisons, for the sanction (458) of a just God upon his undertaking. 355. O'TI-TJM, ease. Negotiate, to establish by agreement. (25.) 356. O'V-UM, an egg. Oval, egg-shaped. (350.) 357. PA'G-TJS, a village. 1. Paganism, heathenism. 1. Even 'm paganism, man has a consciousness (466) of guilt, and a desire to expiate (384) his sin. 358. PAN'D-O, I lay open. PAN'S-TJM, to lay open. 1. Expansion, the act of expand- ing; enlarging. 2. Expansive, having power to enlarge. 1. Montgolfier, the first aeronaut, made many attempts to effect the expansion of the first balloon. 2. The expansive force of heat is shown, in the lifting of the kettle-lid by the steam. 359. PACT-US, stipulated ; agreed. 1. Compact, firmly united. | 2. Compact, bargain. 1. Jackson defended New Orleans by ramparts of cotton, which were so compact, as to be impenetrable (377) to cannon-balls. 2. Many attempts have been made to disparage (361) the character of Osceola for veracity (566) ; but he always declared, that the compact to remove was made without his knowledge. Expand, enlarge, (31.) Expanse, wide extent. (57.) 360. PAL'LI-UM, a cloak. Pall, a covering for the dead. (50.) Palliate, extenuate. (41.) 361. PAR, equal; like. 1. Peerage, the rank of a peer. 2. Disparagement, detraction. Disparage, to vilify. (359.) Disparity, inequality. (292.) Palliative, that which tends to mitigate. (303.) Palliation, mitigation. (5.) Compare, examine things with reference to their likeness. (113.) LATIN ROOTS. 115 / 1. As there is no title more exalted, than that cf " American Citi- zen," it is impossible to raise an American to the peerage* 2. Do not speak in disparagement of a person, unless it is ab- solutely necessary. 362. PA'R-EQ, I am present. PAR'IT-TJM, to be present. Apparent, evident. (40.) Appeared, was visible. (142.) 1. Apparitions, ghosts. 2. Transparent, capable of be- ing seen through. 1. Apparitions are not often visible (571) in well-lighted houses, inhabited by educated people. 2. Our comfort is greatly increased by the use of a substance (485), which is transparent, and yet impervious to the air. 363. PA'R-IO, I bring forth. PAR'T-UM, to bring forth. Parent, a father, or mother. I Parental, relating to parents. (122.) I (122.) 364. PA'R-O, I prepare. PARA'T-UM, to prepare. Apparatus, implements for a particular business. (302.) Unprepared, not ready. (292.) 1. Reparation, restitution. 1. Prepared, made ready. 2. Apparel, clothing. 2. Impaired, injured. 1. As France refused to make reparation, for the depredation (408) on our commerce, the United States prepared for war. 2. Some of Stephen Girard's apparel, and household utensils (552), somewhat impaired by age, are deposited in Girard College, Phila- delphia. 365. PARS, (PAR'T-IS,) a part. Impartial, not favoring either side. (41.) Particle, a little portion. (13.) Partisan, irregular warfare on outposts. (334.) 1. To induce the men, on board of a privateer (413), to exert (477) themselves, there is usually & partition of theorize (409). 1. Partition, division. Apartment, a room. (177.) Department, a separate class of topics. (241.) 366. PAS'C-O, I feed. PAS'T-UM, to feed. 1. Pastoral, rural. I 2. Pastor, a minister having 2. Pasture, grazing. the care of a congregation. 1. David, "the sweet singer of Israel,'* Burns, and many others, whom we love to extol (533), spent their youth in pastoral occupa- tions. 10* 116 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 2. In 1638, Pastor Davenport, with Eaton and others, feeling too much circumscribed (467) by the narrow limits of the Plymouth Colony, settled on the fertile pasture lands of Connecticut. 3. Patrician, one of the nobility in Rome. Compatriot, one of the same country. (38.) Expatriate, to banish from one's country. (41.) 367. PA'T-ER, (PA'TR-IS,) a father. 1. Patrimony, inheritance. 1. Paternal, pertaining to a father. 2. Patron, one who affords as- sistance and support. 2. Patronage, special support. 1. The patrimony of General Van Rensselaer, derived from his paternal ancestor, comprised a territory forty-eight miles long, and twenty-one broad. 2. Benjamin Franklin was the patron of many poor youth, whose aspirations (499) would never have been satisfied, had it not been for his patronage, 3. At one time, a patrician of Rome, would assert that a plebeian (390) had no rights, that any one was bound to respect (497). Impatient, uneasy. (203.) Passionate, excited. (185.) Patience, endurance. (28.) 368. PA'TI-OR, I suffer; I endure. PAS'S-TJS, to suffer; to endure. 1. Passive, unresisting. Compassion, pity. (34.) Compassionate, pity. (209.) Dispassionate, calm. (103.) 1. How perverted (565) must have been the judgment of George III., to suppose (399) that the colonists would be passive, under his op- pressive enactments, and to fail to perceive the result, which must in- evitably (578) follow such injustice. 369. PAX, (PA'C-IS,) peace. Pacific, peace-making. (48.) I Pacify, to quiet. (192.) Pacification, appeasing. (200.) | Peace, quiet, (14.) 370. PATJ'PER, poor. Pauperism, indigence. (320.) | Poor, the indigent. (320.) 371. PECTUS, (PECTORIS,) the breast. 1. Parapet, breast-work. 1. Every spectator held his breath in suspense (374) as Sergeant- Jasper jumped over the parapet, amid a volley (581; of shot, and replaced the flag on Fort Moultrie. LATIN ROOTS. in 372. PECU'LI-TJM, money. PECU'NI-A, money. PECULA'T-TIS, to steal public money. Pecuniary, relating to money. (152.) 1. Peculiar, special. Peculate, to steal public property. (152.) 1. It requires no peculiar talent to compile (382) a compendium (374) of history ; all that is necessary is, perseverance and a pen (378). 373. PEL'L-O, I drive. PUL'S-UM, to drive. 1. Compulsory, forcible. 2. Impulse, force imparted. 2. Impel, force forward. Compelled, forced. (207.) Expulsion, driving out. (57.) Impulsive, acting from impul- sion. (96.) Repulsive, forbidding. (47.) 1. In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall "have compul- sory process for obtaining witnesses." 2. The impulse given to a stone, in a sling, will impel it to a great distance. 374. PEN'D-EO, I hang. PEN'D-0, 1 weigh; I pay out, to weigh ; to pay out. 1. Pendulum (of a clock), a vi- brating body. 2. Pension, stated allowance. 3. Propensity, inclination. 4. Compendious, comprehensive. 4. Appendix, something added at the end. Compensate, to give an equiv- alent. (192.) PEN'S-UM, Compendium, an abridgment. (372.) Dispensing, distributing. (209.) Expensive, costing much. (353.) Impending, hanging over. (243.) Indispensable, requisite. (117. Suspend, to hang. (123.) Suspense, uncertainty. (371.) Suspension, interruption. (57.) Recompense, reward. (66.) 1. The length of a yard-stick is determined by the pendulum of a clock, 2. Congress gave Molly Pitcher a pension, for the special (497) service rendered by her at Monmouth. 3. Cattle have such a propensity for salt (455), that they will go a great distance to obtain it. 4. In some books, difficult or important points are placed in a com- pendious form, in an appendix. 375. PE'N-E, almost. 1. Peninsulas, bodies of land almost surrounded by water. 1. It is a singular fact, that nearly all peninsulas point south- ward. 118 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 376. PENI'T-EO, I repent. Penal, enacting punishment. (41.) Penalty, suffering in conse- quence of an act. (63.) Penitence, repentance. (247.) Subpo3na, a writ commanding one to appear in court. (191.) Repent, to feel sorrow for what one has done. (129.) Penitentiary, a prison. (153.) 377. PEN'ETR-O, I pierce. PENETRA'T-UM, to pierce. 1. Penetration, acuteness. I Impenetrable, not pierceable. Penetrate, to pierce. (144.) (359.) 1. Had Charles I. possessed any penetration, he would have ex- pedited (380) the departure of such troublesome malcontents as Crom- well and Hampden. 378. PEN'N-A, a feather; a wing. Pen, an instrument to write with. (372.) Person, human being. (4.) Personally, in person. (98.) 379. PERSO'N-A, a person. 1. Personify, to ascribe life to inanimate objects. 2. Personated, represented. 1. In most European languages, every noun is either masculine or feminine gender ; but in the English, things without life are all neuter ; and this enables us to personify them — that is, speak of them as persons. 2. Alfred the Great personated a harper, and thus obtained access to the Danish camp. 380. PES, (PE'D-IS,) a foot. 1. Peddler, a travelling trader. 1. Pedestrian, a traveller on foot. Expediency, fitness of meas- ures to secure a desirable end. (141.) BiPED,a two-footed animal. (147.) Expedition, an important en- terprise at some distance. (25.) Expedited, hastened. (377.) Impediment, hindrance. (75.) Quadruped, a four-footed ani- mal. (147.) 1. A peddler, especially if he is a pedestrian, has a fine oppor- tunity to explore (393) a country. 381. PE'T-0, 1 seek. PETI'T-TJM, to seek. 1. Appetite, desire for food. 2. Repetition, the doing again 3. Competition, rivalry. 4. Impetuous, headstrong. Competent, capable. (306.) Petulant, peevish. (47.) LATIN ROOTS. 119 1. The cold climate of Greenland gives the Esquimaux an appe- tite, which enables him to eat train oil and walrus flesh with voracity (686). 2. Constant repetition, and close attention, united, form the best art of memorizing. 3. The Navigation Acts destroyed all competition in business, by compelling the colonists to buy and sell in England. 4. The impetuous character of Lee brought him into many serious difficulties. 382. PI'L-O, I pillage; I rob. 1. Pillage, robbing. I Compile, to select and put to- I gether. (372.) 1. Many of the Arabs perform no labor, but live entirely by pil- lage. 383. PIN'G-O, I paint. PIC'T-TJM, to paint. 1. Picturesque, fitted to form a I Depict, describe. (228.) pleasing picture. ' 1. The scenery of New Hampshire is so picturesque, that the State is called the " Switzerland of America." 384. PI'-O, I appease by sacrifice. PIA'T-UM, to appease by sacrifice. 1. Expiatory, having power to I Expiate, to atone for. (357.) atone. ' 1. The sense of guilt is so implanted (387) in the human heart, that, in all ages, and in all nations, men have offered expiatory sacrifices. 385. PI'-US, pious; religious. 1. Impiously, profanely. 1. The Romans, knowing the antipathy of the Jews to swine, im- piously sacrificed them on the altar, consecrated (453) to the worship -of God. 386. PLA'C-EO, I please. 1. Complacence, satisfaction. Implacable, not to be ap- peased. (129.) 1. William Penn could not but feel complacence at the prosper- ous condition of b : s colony. Placid, tranquil. (46.) Pleasure, satisfaction. (141.) 120 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 387. PLAN'T-A, a plant. 1. Supplant, to displace by tak- ing the place of the ejected person. Implanted, deepty fixed. (384.) Plant, a vegetable. (14.) Plantain, an herb. (286.) Plantation, a farm. (161.) Transplanting, removing and planting in another place. (40.) 1. Conway sent a letter to Washington, explanatory (888) of his con- duct, in reference to the attempt to supplant Washington. 388. PLA'N- US, plain ; smooth ; evident. Explanatory, containing expla- I Explains, makes intelligible, nation. (387.) ! 389. PLATJ'D-0, I clap ; I applaud. 1. Plausible, right in appear- ance. Applaud, join in applause (205.) Applause, expression of ap- probation. (135.) (40.) PLATJ'S-UM, to clap ; to applaud. Exploded, burst with a loud report. (227.) Explosion, violent bursting. (105.) Explosive, liable to cause ex- plosion. (60.) 1. Duche\ who opened the first Continental Congress, with a solemn invocation (580), soon after addressed a letter to Washington, using the most plausible arguments, to induce him to desert (477) the American cause. 390. PLEBS, (PLE'B-IS,) the common people. Plebeian, one of the common people. (367.) PLE'N-US, full. Accomplished, performed. (48.) Complement, full number. (334.) Completely, perfectly. (314.) Replete, filled. (76.) Supply, to furnish. (133.) Supplying, providing, (10.) 391. PLE'-O, I fill. PLE'T-UM, to fill. 1. Expletive, something added to fill up. 2. Implements, tools. 3. Plenipotentiary, full. 4. Plentiful, abundant. 5. Complete, perfect. 5. Supplement, an addition to supply defects. 1. The adverb "there," is frequently used simply to introduce a sentence, and is then considered a mere expletive* 2. There has been great improvement in the mechanism of all kinds of implements. 3. In 1795, Mr. Jay, our Minister Plenipotentiary to England, concluded the treaty which beLrs his name. 4. Artesian wells, which provide & plentiful supply of water, have been sunk in the deserts of Africa. LATIN ROOTS. 121 5. So many inventions are patented every year, that no Dictionary of Arts and Sciences is complete without a supplement, 392. PLI'C-O, I fold. PLICA'T-TJM, to fold. PLEC'T-O, I twine or weave. PLEX'-UM, to twine or weave. Apply, to fix closely. (167.) Applying, laying on. (308.) Complexion, the hue of the skin (184. 1. Complicated, intricate. 1. Accomplice, a person joined in a plot. 2. Explicit, clear. Application, the act of ap- plying. (102.) Implicate, to involve. (105.) Pliant, easily bent. (21.) 1. It was scarcely possible, that Burr would undertake such a com- plicated affair, as the formation of an empire, without an accom- plice, 2. The Constitution makes an explicit statement, that " all debts contracted before the adoption of the Constitution, shall be valid against the United States." 393. PLO'R-0, I cry; I bewail. PLORA'T-TJM, to cry; to bewail. 1. Implored, besought. I Deplore, regret. (48.) Deplorable, lamentable. (58.) | Explore, to examine. (380.) 1. When the Northmen invaded England, the wretched inhabitants implored the Remans to aid them, in expelling their assailants (456). 394. PLTJM'B-UM, lead. Plummet, a leaden weight at the end of a line. (300.) 395. PLUS, (PLU'B-IS,) more. 1. Plurality, the greater num- . 2. Surplus, what is over, ber. I 1. In the Presidential election of 1800, neither Jefferson nor Burr had a plurality of votes. 2. In 1835, the national debt was extinguished; and, in 1837, the surplus was distributed among the States. 396. PO'LI-0, I polish. POLI'T-UM, to polish. 1. Polished, smooth and glossy. I 2. Politeness, elegance of man- ' ners. 1. Before glass was manufactured, polished plates of metal were used for mirrors. 2. Benjamin Franklin, at the French Court, was noted for his po- liteness and suatity (509) of manners. 122 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 397. PO'M-TJM, an apple. I. Pomological, relating to fruit. 1. Poniological societies have done much to improve the fruit- trees of the country. 398. PON'D-US, (PON'DER-IS,) a weight. Ponderous, heavy. (82.) | Preponderates, exceeds. (19.) 399. PO'N-O, I put or place. POS'IT-TJM, to put or place. 1. Transposing, putting each into the place of the other. 2. Postpone, to put off. Composure, tranquility. (68.) Decomposed, resolved into its constituent parts. (225.) Deposition, displacement. (110.) Disposition, temper. (240.) Position, situation. (306.) Exposure, state of being laid bare. (215.) Impost, a tax laid on goods im- ported. (162.) Imposition, a cheat. (266.) Interpose, interfere. (54.) Opponent, an antagonist. (13.) Proposition, proposal. (167.) Repose, to place. (45.) Suppose, to imagine. (368.) 1. Any verb in the past tense, may be rendered subjunctive in mean- ing, by transposing the verb and the nominative; thus: "I had a book." "Had I a book.?" 2. Penn intended to visit Pennsylvania in 1692 ; but, being deprived of his charter, was compelled to postpone his visit, until 1699. 400. POP' UL-TJS, the people. PUB'LIC-0, I publish. Population, the whole number of people. (71.) 1. Publicity, general notoriety. 1. Publish, send out to the pub- lic. People, a nation. (3.) Populace, the common people. (38.) Popular, suitable to people in general. (39.) Populous, full of people. (71.) Public, open to the knowledge of all. (146.) Publication, publishing. (31.) Unpopular, not favored by the people. (327.) 1. To secure pMblidtjfto the Acts of Congress, the Constitution provides, that "Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and, from time to time, publish the same." 401. POE'T-A, a gate. 1. Portals, entrances. Port, place of entry. (215.) 1. One of the portals of the Temple at Jerusalem was beautifully ornamented. LATIN ROOTS. 123 402. POR'T-0, I carry. Import, to bring into a coun- try. (57.) Importunity, urgent solicitation. (177.) Opportune, well-timed. (215.) Opportunity, fit time. (167.) Report, rumor. (92.) Transported, carried. (54.) 1. Portable, easily carried. 2. Inopportune, unseasonable. 2. Portly, corpulent. 2. Portmanteau, valise. 2. Portfolio, a case for carrying concealed papers. Export, to send out of the country. (57.) Important, momentous. (123.) 1. Soldiers are generally compelled to cook their victuals (579), in such utensils as are portable, 2. Doubtless, General Prescott felt the intrusion (542) of Col. Barton on his privacy (413), to be very inopportune ; while Barton felt no compunction (420) of conscience, in carrying off the portly old General, without giving him time to pack his portmanteau, or secure the portfolio containing his military plans. 403. POS'S-UM, I am able. POT'-UI, I have been able. Impotent, powerless. (213.) Potentate, a monarch. (57.) 1. Potent,* powerful. Impossible, not capable of being done. (25.) 1. Many circumstances corroborate (446) the statement, that the Emperor of Russia is becoming one of the most potent monarchs of Europe. 404. POSTER-US, after. 1. Preposterous, absurd. I Posterity, succeeding genera- tions. (290.) 1. "How preposterous" said some one to Columbus, "to sup- pose that we are on the surface of a ball, that is turning round ! How do we keep from falling off?" 405. POS'TUL-0, I demand. POSTULA'T-UM, to demand. Expostulated, reasoned earnestly with a view to dissuade. (223.) 406. POR'R-0, forth; farther. 1. Portend, to foretoken. (See l Portentous, ominous. (SeeTEN- Tendo.) (174.) I do.) (68.) 1. During the "dark ages," the approach (415) of a comet spread consternation (503) among the ignorant masses, as it was thought to portend some dire calamity 11 124 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 407. PEE C-OR, I entreat. PRECA'T-US, to entreat. Deprecate, regret deeply. (25.) I Precarious, uncertain. (318.) Predatory, plundering. (103.) 408. PRJE'D-A, prey ; plunder. Depredation, spoliation. (364.) Depredator, a robber. (184.) 409. PREHEN'D-0, I seize. PREHEN'S-TJM, to seize. Apprehended, arrested. (144.) Apprised, informed. (187.) Comprehend, take into the mind. (135.) Comprised, included. (26.) Enterprise, an undertaking. (101.) Impregnable, not to be taken. (58.) 410. PRE'M-0, I press. PRES'S-TJM, to press. Incomprehensible, not to be un- derstood. (176.) Prize, that which is taken in contest. (365.) Reprehensible, blameworthy. (272.) Surprise, astonishment at some- thing unexpected. (3.) 1. Compressible, yielding to pressure. 1. Pressure, force bearing upon. 2. Impression, a mark made by pressure. Express, to squeeze out. (199.) Oppressive, unjustly severe. (210.) Oppressed, down-trodden. (251.) Oppression, unjust severity. (133.) Print, publish. (158.) 1. Cotton is so compressible, that, under a high pressure, its bulk can be greatly reduced. 2. Robinson Crusoe was startled, when he saw the impression of a man's foot on the sand. 411. PRE'CIUM, (for PRETIUM,) price; esteem. Appreciate, to estimate justly. (301.) 412. PRI'M-TJS, first. Primroses, roses which open early in the spring. (199.) Depreciated, lessened in value. (31.) Precious, valuable. (16.) Prince, son of a king. (337.) Prior, antecedent. (176.) 413. PRI'V-US, one's own ; not public. Privateer, a vessel commanded 1. Deprive, to take away from. 2. Privily, secretly. Privacy, retirement. (402.) Private, secret. (247.) by a private person, bearing a commission to capture the property of citizens of another nation. (365.) LATIN ROOTS. 125 1. So vindictive (574) were the feelings of Charles II., towards Crom- well, that he determined to deprive the body of decent burial. 2. Many Puritans, perceiving that the virulence (577) of their ene- mies increased, endeavored to leave privily, but were arrested (485) by Charles I. PROBA'T-UM, to prove, to try. Improve, to do better. (247.) Probation, trial. (247.) Probe, to examine by thrusting in an instrument. (149.) Prove, to test. (225.) 414. PRO'B-0, 1 approve, I try. 1. Probable, likely. Approbation, satisfaction. (58.) Approve, be pleased with. (187.) Disproved, confuted. (252.) 1. It is probable, that Africa and South America were once united, and that the disruption (451) was effected by some sudden con- vulsion (557) of nature. 415. PROP E, near. PEOX'IM-US, nearest, next. 1. Approximate, como near. I Proximity, immediate nearness. Approach, advance. (406.) (42.) 1. We cannot obtain exactly the square root of .1, but we can up* proximate to it, by means of decimals. Proprietor, a person who re- ceived a grant of land in let- ters patent from the king. (208.) 416. PRO'PRI-US, belonging to. Appropriate, suitable. (21.) Property, that which belongs to a person or thing. (84.) Propriety, justness. (3.) 417. PITER, a boy. 1. Puerile, childish. 1. James I. spent much of his time in diversions (565) of the most puerile character. 418. PUG'N-A, a battle. 1. Pugnacious, disposed to fight. 2. Pugilist, one who fights with the fists. Repugnance, aversion. (44.) Repugnant, adverse. (335.) 1. A pugnacious, quarrelsome disposition, will be very likely to bring a person into trouble. 2. A person must undergo a severe training, before he can be an ex- pert pugilist. 126 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 419. PTJL'V-IS, (PUL'VER-IS,) dust. 1. Pulverize, to reduce to pow- I 2. Pulverization, the reducing der. | to powder. 1. Many spices are so pungent (420), that it is necessary to pulver- ize them before using. 2. The pulverization of many substances can be effected, by grinding, or beating. 420. PUN'G-0, 1 sting, I point. PUNC'T-TJM, to sting, to point. 1. Puncture, pierce. 2. Punctuality, adherence to the exact time of an ap- pointment. 1. To perform vaccination, puncture the skin, and insert a small particle of vaccine matter. 2. The want of punctuality in business transactions, has ruined many enterprising men. 3. Very little attention was paid to punctuation, or capitals, until the fifteenth cCntury. 3. Punctuation, the art of point- ing written language. Compunction, sting. (402.) Pungent, biting. (419.) 421. PU'NI-0, 1 punish. PUNI'T-UM, to puuisn. Impunity, freedom from punish- ment. (23.) Punishable, liable to punish- ment. (275.) 422. PU'T-0, I think. PTJTA'T-UM, to think. 1. Imputed, ascribed. 2. Deputation, persons commis- sioned. 3. Deputed, appointed as sub- stitute. 4. Amputation, cutting off. Deputy-Governor, one who acts in place of the Gov- ernor. (298.) Reputation, character. (92.) 1. Many atrocities have been imputed to Brant, but it does not appear that he was responsible (501) for the Wyoming massacre. 2. In 1781, the soldiers at Morristown, having suffered greatly from want of their regular (438) pay, mutinied ; but while on their way to Philadelphia, they were met by a deputation from Con- gress, who relieved their immediate wants. 3. The charter having been restored to Penn, in 1694, he deputed his friend, William Markham, to take charge of the Colony. 4. Santa Anna was so severely wounded in the leg, that amputa- tion was necessary, and a wooden one was substituted (485). W LATIN ROOTS. 127 423. QUA'L-IS, such as ; of what kind. 3. Qualify, to render capable. Disqualified, rendered unfit. (152.) 1. Qualifications, natural en- dowments which fit a person for a place. 2. Quality, character. 1. When the Constitution was framed, there were many diverse (565) opinions, as to the qualifications necessary for the Presidency. 2. The Tyrians manufacture a purple cloth, of very superior qual- ity, designed for the vesture (568) of kings. 3. Lincoln spent months in the study of Geometry, in order to qualify himself to demonstrate any proposition in law. 424. QTJAN'T-US, how great ,* how much. Quantity, amount. (111.) 425. QTJAS'S-UM, to shake. 1. Concussion, violent agitation. | Discuss, to debate. (214.) I Discussion, debate. (13.) 1. The mere concussion : of the air, produced by cannonading, haa often proved very detrimental (526) to health. 426. QUAR'T-TJS, the fourth. QUAD'R-A, a square. 1. Quart, the fourth part of a gallon. 2. Squadron, a detachment of ships of war. Quarantine, restraint of inter- course to which a ship is sub- jected on suspicion of being infected. (152.) 1. A quart, beer measure, contains 12| cubic inches more than a quart, wine measure. This is to allow for the froth of the beer. 2. In 1778, France, having formed an alliance with the United States, sent a squadron to aid the American cause. 427. QUE'R-OK, I complain. 1. Quarrel, to contend angrily, i 1. Quarrelsome, easily provoked I to contest. 1. It is easy to quarrel, if you are of a quarrelsome dispo- sition. 428. QTLffi'RO, I seek ; I ask. QTUESPT-UM, to seek ; to ask. 1. Quest, search. 2. Perquisites, fees. 3. Requisition, demand. Acquire, to obtain. (117.) Acquisition, the obtaining, (167.) Conquest, subjugation. (57.) 11* Exquisite, excessively nice. ( 165. * Inquires, asks. (138.) Inquisitive, prying. (123.) Query, question. (158.) Question, a doubt. (13.) Requiring, demanding. (285.) Requisite, necessary. (200.) 128 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 1. The sanguine temperament (519) of Ponce de Leon, led him to go in quest of a fountain, whose waters would restore youth and beauty to his wrinkled visage (571). 2. In some offices, the amount of the perquisites is greater than the salary (455). 3. When a requisition is made for a person charged with crime, the Governor must not deliver him to irresponsible (501) parties, nor resort to any evasion (553) to withhold him. 429. QtTC'ES, (QTIIE'T-IS,) rest. 1. Acquiesced, rested satisfied. | 2. Quiescence, state of repose. 1. In 1701, the people of Delaware refused to be united to Pennsyl- vania, and Penn acquiesced in their decision. 2. Although Charles V. resigned his regal (438) power, he did not find that quiescence which he expected. 430. QUIN'QTJE, five. 1. Quintillion, a million twice multiplied by a million. 1. It requires nineteen figures to express one quintillion, and twenty-one figures to express one hundred quintillions. 431. QTTOT, how many. 1. Quota, just share. 1. When war breaks out, every State is required to furnish its quota of troops. 432. RA'EI-ES, madness. Ravings, wild, delirious talk. (216.) 433. RA'DI-TJS, a rod, a spoke. Irradiates, illuminates. (276.) I Rays, lines of light. (276.) Radiance, effulgence. (46.) | 434. KA'DIX, (BADI'C-IS,) a root. Eradicates, roots out. (336.) 435. KA'D-0, 1 shave. RA'S-TIM, to shave. 1. Razed, demolished. | 2. Erasure, obliteration. 1. After the taking of Jerusalem, the city was first given over to rapine (437), and then razed to its foundations. 2. The erasure of lead-pencil marks, is easily effected by means of India-rubber. LATIN ROOTS. 129 436. RAN'C-EO, I am stale or rancid. 1. Rancorous, malignant. 1. The Pequods secretly cherished the most rancorous feelings towards the Connecticut settlers. 437. RA'P-IO, I snatch. Rapacious, greedy. (26.) Rapid, swift. (185.) Rapidly, swiftly. (25.) RAP'-TUM, to snatch. Rapine, plunder. (435.) Rapture, ecstasy. (30.) Ravage, to lay waste. (184.) 438. RE'G-O, I direct; I rule. REC'T-UM, to direct; to rule. 1. Regulate, to adjust method- ically. 2. Incorrigible, irreclaimable. 3. Correction, making right. 4. Interregnum, the interval in which a throne is vacant be- tween two reigns. 5. Rectify, to correct. Incorrect, wrong. (2.) Rectitude, uprightness. (44.) Regal, kingly. (429.) Regent, governor. (274.) Regular, according to estab- lished laws. (422.) Reign, the time during which a sovereign exercises authority. (184.) 1. The Constitution vests (568) in Congress, "The power to coin money, regulate the value thereof,'' &c. 2. Several States provide institutions, in which incorrigible boys are subjected to a rigorous (443) discipline. 3. The correction of a bad habit is so difficult, that it is safest not to form any. 4. Louis XVI. was beheaded in 1793, and Napoleon became First Consul in 1800. During the interregnum, various changes were made in the Government. 5. America ought to have been called after Columbus, but it is now too late to rectify the mistake. 439. RA'T-TJS, thinking ; judging. 1. Ratify, sanction. 2. Ration, fixed allowance. 2. Irrational, not according to reason. 1 confirmation. Ratification, (305.) Rational, agreeable to reason. (58.) Three-fourths of the States, either by their Legislatures, or by conventions, must ratify an amendment. 2. After the scanty ration, which often falls to the soldier, it is not irrational to suppose, that he will frequently satiate (463) him- eelf with food, obtained from the enemy by surreptitious (440) means. 440. REPT-UM, to creep. Surreptitious, without proper authority. (439.) 130 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 441. RES, a thing. Reality, actual existence. (174.) Realize, (103.) to consider as real. 442. RI'DE-O, I laugh. RI'S-TJM, to laugh. Deride, laugh at in a contemptu- ous manner. (117.) Derision, ridicule. (148.) Ridicule, derision. (213.) Ridiculed, made sport of. (217.) 443. RI'G-EO, I am stiff (as with cold). Ridiculous, worthy of ridicule. Risible, pertaining to laughter. Rigid, strict. (122.) | Rigorous, severe. (438.) 444. RI'G-0, 1 water. RIGAT-TJM. to water. 1. Irrigate, to water. 1. In many countries, it is necessary for the farmer to have a reser- voir (479) of water, from which to irrigate his land in the dry season. 2. Arrived, came to. Derived, drawn from source. (169.) some 445. RI'V-TTS, a stream. 1. River, a stream. 1. Rival, a competitor. 2. Rivulet, a little stream. 1. James, who had subsidized (471) a large body of French troops, met his formidable rival on the banks of the river Boyne. 2. The Rubicon was a rivulet separating Italy from Gaul. Caesar having planned an invasion (553) of Italy, paused, when he arrived at this river; then, hurrying across, exclaimed, "The Rubicon is passed." 446. RO'B-TJR, (ROB'OR-IS) an oak ; strength. 1. Corroborative, tending to | Corroborate, confirm. (403.) confirm. I Robust, vigorous. (218.) 1. Tradition specifies (497) the exact mountain on which the ark rested ; but travellers find nothing corroborative of the statement. 447. RO'G-O, I ask. ROGA'T-UM, to ask. 1. Prerogative, an exclusive privilege. 1. Arrogate, assume to one's self. 3. Interrogative, containing a question, Abrogated, repealed. (182.) Arrogance, pride. (117.) Arrogant, haughty. (99.) Derogatory, tending to lessen in value. (117.) Interrogation, a question. (255.) LATIN ROOTS. 131 1. The Stuarts had such an exalted idea of the «■ divine right of kings," that there was scarcely a prerogative they did not claim, nor a power they did not arrogate* 2. The interrogative form of the verb is limited to the Indicative and Potential moods. 448. RO'T-A, a wheel. 1. Rotary, turning as a wheel on its axis. 2. Routine, round of business. Rotation, rotary motion. (6.) Rotundity, sphericity. (117.) 1. By the rotary motion of the earth, a person living on the equa- tor, moves more than one thousand miles in an hour. 2. Scholars should carefully avoid any interruption (451) to the daily routine of school duties. 449. RTJ'D-IS, rude, ignorant. 1. Rudiments, the beginnings of I Erudite, learned. (117.) any branch of knowledge. 1. The most skilful teachers should be employed to instruct children in the rudiments. 450. RTJ'MOR, a common report 1. Rumor, a common report. 1. In 1778, the rumor, that a simultaneous (482) attack was to be made on Newport, greatly alarmed the royalists. 451. RUF'T-TJM, to break. Abrupt, having a sudden termi- nation. (123.) Bankrupt, one who cannot pay his debts. (108.) Corrupt, decomposed. (50.) Disruption, the act of breaking asunder. (414.) 452. RTTS, (RU'R-IS,) the country. Rural, belonging to the coun- try. (8.) Rustic, unpolished. (8.) Eruption, a bursting out. (305.) Interruption, a hindrance. (448.) Rupture, open hostility, breach of peace. (189.) Uninterrupted, continuous. (305.) Rusticate, to reside country. (199.) in the 453. SA'CER, (SA'CR-I,) holy, sacred. Consecrated, devoted to sacred purposes. (385.) Desecrate, to abuse a sacred thing. (89.) Sacrament, a religious cere- mony. (290.) Sacrilege, a violation of what is sacred. (167.) 132 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 454. SA'GAX, (SAGA'C-IS,) knowing, foreseeing. Sage, wise. (174.) i Sagacity, discernment. (164.) Sagacious, discerning. (117.) I 455. SAL, salt. 1. Saline, consisting of salt. Salt, a substance used for sea- Salary, a fixed annual com- soning. (374.) pensation for services. (428.) 1. To satisfy (463) the natural craving for salt, there is, in many countries, a superabundance (513) cf saline substances. 456. SA'L-IO, I leap, I spring. SAL'T-TJM, to leap, to spring. 1. Desultory, immethodical. 2. Sally, to rush out suddenly 2. Assail, to attack. Assailants, those who make an attack. (393.) Insult, an affront. (151.) Result, effect. (15.) 1. Desultory reading is of little practical utility (552), and -is a great detriment (526) to the mind. 2. Gansevoort, besieged in Fort Schuyler, determined to sally from the fort, and assail the enemy. 457. SA'L-US, (SALTJ'T-IS,) health, safety. 1. Salutation, greeting. 2. Salutatory, introductory ora- tion at a Commencement. Salubrity, tendency to promote health. (103.) Salutary, advantageous. (58.) 1. Great diversity exists in the conventional (559) forms of saluta- tion. The ancient Greeks avoided all verbiage (561), and simply said, " Rejoice.'' 2. Terseness (524) of style should characterize both the salutatory and the valedictory (555) ; as the subject is trite (526), there is danger, that the speaker will be verbose (561), and his remarks not pertinent (521). 458. SANC'T-TJS, holy, sacred. 1. Sanctity, sacredness. 2. Sanctify, to make holy. Sanction, approval. (354.) Sanctimonious, having an ap- pearance of holiness. (90.) Sanctuary, a sacred place. (89.) 1. The Mohammedans have such regard for the sanctity of the Mosque, that they deem it irreverent (562) to enter with the shoes on. 2. Many things, in this temporal (519) existence, which are inscruta- ble (468) to man, may be intended to sanctify 9 and prepare him for a happier condition. LATIN BOOTS. 133 459. SAN'GU-IS, (SAN'GUIN-IS,) blood. 1. Consanguinity, relationship I Sanguinary, bloody. (.57.) by blood. | Sanguine, confident. (68.) 1. As a sovereign of Europe will not condescend (465) to espouse (501) a subject, there is no alternative but to choose a person already con- nected by consanguinity. 460. SA'N-TJS, sound, healthy. 1. Sanative, tending to heal. Insane, deranged. (12.) Insanity, derangement. (145.) Sanity, saneness. (255.) 1. Many years ago, a medicine, called " The Elixir of Life," was considered a panacea for all diseases, till some sensible (473) physician proved, by a careful analysis, that it contained no sanative proper- ties. 461. SATI-0, I savor, I know. 1. Savory, agreeable to the I Insipid, tasteless. (169.) taste. J Sapient, wise, (93.) 1. To an Esquimaux, the most sumptuous (512) repast is not so savory, as bread saturated (463) with train oil. 462. SATO, soap. 1. Soap, a substance used for cleansing. (The result of the combi- nation of acid obtained from fatty bodies, and an alkali.) 1. The great consumption (512) of soap and paper, makes it very desirable to find a substitute (485) for each of these indispensable articles. 463. SA'TIS, enough. Insatiable, not to be satisfied, (89.) Satiate, feed to the full. (439.) Satisfy, to gratify wants to the full extent. (455.) ^ Satisfactory, sufficient. (321.) Satiety, repletion. (306.) j Saturated, soaked. (461.) 464. SCA'L-A, a ladder. 1. Scale, to climb. 1. Although Montcalm was a veteran (569), yet Wolfe deceived him, by marching against the Lower Town, while his ulterior (547) design was, to scale the Heights of Abraham, and attack the Upper Town. 465. SCAN'D-0, I climb. SCAN'S-TJM, to climb. Ascended, went up. (80.) J Transcend, rise beyond. (176.) Condescend, stoop. (459.) 134 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 460. SCr-O, I know. SCIEN'TI-A, knowledge. Conscience, the knowledge of right and wrong. (68.) Conscientious, obedient to the dictates of conscience. (92.) 467. SCRI'B-O, I write. SCRIP'T Conscription, a compulsory en- rolment for military service. (293.) Circumscribed, limited. (366.) Describes, gives an account of. (187.) Prescribes, gives a rule of con- duct. (57.) 468. SCBU'T-OE, I examine. Inscrutable, unsearchable. (458. ) i 469. SE'C-O, I cut. SEC'T-UM, to Sect, denomination. (123.) Consciousness, the knowledge of what passes in one's own mind. (357.) Scientific, well versed in sci- ence. (10.) TJM, to write. Scribbling, writing carelessly. (151.) Scriptures, the Bible. (14.) Subscribe, sign with one's own hand. (240.) Transcribe, to write a copy of anything. (267.) Scrutinizes, examines closely. (317.) cut. I Sections, distinct portions. ( 187.) 470. SEC'UL-TJM, an age. 1. Secular, pertaining to the present world. 1. Solomon enjoins a proper supervision (571) over secular affairs, and a wise providence (571) in preparing for the future. 471. SE'D-EO, I sit. SES'S-UM, to sit, 1. Subsidiary, aiding. 1. Insidious, treacherous. Assiduous, unremitting. (207.) Presidency, office of chief- magistrate. (4.) Possession, holding. (165.) Reside, to dwell. (207.) Sedate, calm. (103.) Sediment, dregs, (123.) Sedentary, requiring much sit ting. (104.) Sedition, insurrection. (349.) Session, a sitting. (6.) Subsidized, purchased by pay- ment of a subsidy. (445.) Supersede, to take the place of another. (241.) Vice-President, one in place of the chief-magistrate. (13.) 1. St. Leger's expedition was intended to be subsidiary to the main campaign ; but, ignorant of the insidious character of the In- dians, he found himself deserted by them, in the time of his greatest need. LATIN ROOTS. 135 472. SE*M-EN, (SEM'IN-IS,) seed. Dissemination, general diffusion. (242.) 473. SEN'TI-O, I feel, I think. SEN'S-TJM, to feel, to think. 1. Sentiments, thoughts. Consent, assent. (191.) Presentiment, foreboding. (44.) Sensible, intelligent. (460.) Sensitive, easily affected. (174.) Sentenced, adjudged. (135.) Sentimental, reflective. (191.) 1. Many wise sentiments are contained in the Proverbs (561), which have been transmitted to us, from ancient philosophy. 474. SEPUL'CHR-UM, a grave. Sepulchre, a place of burial. (67.) 475. SEFTEM, seven. Septennial, happening every seven years. (14.) 476. SE'QTJ-OR, I follow. SECU'T-TJS, to follow. 1. Consecutive, following in reg- ular order. Consequence, by reason of. (57. ) Execute, carry into effect. J m -) ' . . Obsequious, complying in a servile manner. (57.) Obsequies, funeral solemni- ties. (64.; Prosecute, to follow on. (57.) Prosecution, pursuit by effort of body or mind. (346.) Pursued, followed, (3.) Pursuit, the endeavor to attain. Sequel, that which follows. (167.) Subsequent, occurring at a later period. (96.) Persecuted, pursued with in juries and vexations. (46.) 1. In all text-books, the paragraphs should be numbered in con- secutive order. 477. SE'R-O, I knit together. SEB/T-UM, to knit together. Series, a succession of things. (57.) Desert, forsake. (389.) Assertor, a vindicator. (152.) Dissertation, a treatise. (204.) Deserters, those who desert. (11.) Exert, to put into action. (365.) 478. SER'P-O, I creep. Serpentine, winding. (294.) 479. SER'V-O, I watch, I preserve. SEKVA'T-TJM, to watch, to pre- serve. Observing, watching. (19.) Preservation, being kept from decay. (135.) 12 Preserve, save. (177.) Reservoir, a cavity for holding a fluid. (444.) 136 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Servant, one who serves. (50.) Servile, slavish. (111.) Servitude, slavery. (52.) i 480. SEVE'R-TJS, severe. Asseveration, solemn assertion. (335.) Perseverance, constancy in pur- suit. (28.) 481. SIG'N-TJM, a sign, a seal. 1. Ensign, a standard. 1. Designate, to point out. Insignificant, unimportant. (252.) Resigned, gave up. (38.) 1. In battle, each of the tribes of Israel carried designate its place in the field. Subservient, useful in promot- ing some end. (117.) Severely, sharply. (13.) Severity, harshness. (254.) Signals, those things which give notice. (287.) Sign, to affix the signature. (272.) an ensign, to 482. SIM'IL-IS, like. 1. Assimilate, become like. 2. Dissemble, hide under a false appearance. Dissimulation, hypocrisy. (41.) Similarity, resemblance. (38.) Similar, like. (101.) Simultaneous, at the same time. (450.) 1. Insensibly, we assimilate, in character, to the persons with whom we associate. 2. There is something beautiful in the character of one, who will neither dissemble, nor act from a sinister (483) motive, but will always speak the words of truth and verity (566). 483. SINIS'TER, on the left hand; bad. Sinister, dishonest. (482.) 484. SI'N-US, a fold, a bosom. Insinuate, to introduce bv art- ful means. (210.) 485. SIS'T-O, or ST-0, 1 stand, I set up. STA'T- TJM, to stand, to set up. Insinuation, a hint. (117.) 1. Interstices, narrow spaces between things. 2. Stationary, fixed. 2. Constitute, compose. 3. Subsistence, support. 3. Restitution, giving back. 3. Stability, steadiness. Arrested, apprehended. (413.) Circumstance, event. (102.) Constant, continual. (6.) Constantly, continually. (31.) Constitution, established sys- tem of laws. (4.) Destitute, needy. (83.) LATIN ROOTS. m Distant, remote. (287.) Establish, to settle firmly. (99.) Existence, being. (301.) Extant, now in being. (354.) Instant, a point of time. (118.) Instance, example. (207.) Instituted, established. (290.) Obstacle, that which stands in the way. (83.) Resist, to withstand. (14.) Persistent, persevering. (283. Stature, tbQ height of a person. (149.) m ; Substitute, that which is put in the place of something else. (462.) Substituted, put in place of something else. (422.) Substantial, solid. (210.) Superstition, belief in omens and prognostics. (257.) Substance, material. (362.) 1. The settlers of America built their houses of logs, filling the in- terstices with clay. Sometimes, before the clay had time to con-? solidate (488), a wolf would obtrude (542) his unwelcome nose be- tween the logs, and produce quite a tumult (544) among the children. 2. Stars are Stationary bodies. The planets, which constitute our solar (487) system, revolve (584) around the sun. 3. The Arabs depend on plunder for subsistence ; and though the Pacha often promises restitution of the stolen goods, yet, such is the lack of stability in the Government, that the promise is seldom kept. 486. SO'CI-US, a companion. Associated, united. (301.) Association, society. (13.) Sociable, familiar. (240.) Social, pertaining to society. (116.) Society, the community. (80.) 487. SOL, (SO'E-IS, ) the sun. Solar, pertaining to the sun. (485.) 488. SOL'ID-TJS, solid. Consolidate, to form into a com- pact mass. (485.) Solid, not fluid. (19.) Solidify, to make solid. (112.) Soldiery, the body of military men. (3.) SOLA'T-US, to comfort, to soothe. Disconsolate, sorrowful. (129.) Solace, comfort. (171.) 489. SO'L-OR, I comfort, I soothe. 1. Inconsolable, not to be com- forted. Consoled, cheered. (270.) 1. If there were no resurrection (514), and the spiritual (499) nature could be reduced to nonentity (511), we might well be inconsolable at the death of friends. 490. SO'L-US, alone j, only. Desolate, cheerless. (228.) Solitary, living alone. (12.) Solitude, a lonely place. (192.) 138 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 491. SOL'V-0, 1 loose. SOLU'T-UM, to loos©. 3. Absolution, remission. Absolute, unconditional. 1. Soluble, capable of being dis- solved. 1. Solution, diffused through a fluid. 2. Solvency, ability to pay. 3. Dissolute, loose in morals. (108.; Insolvent, not able to pay. (335.) Resolved, determined. (195.) 1. Many substances, not soluble in water, can be held in solu- tion by alcohol. 2. During the "Great Money Pressure" of 1837, many of the most respectable (497) merchants, whose solvency had never been doubted, became bankrupt. 3. When Charles II. took a retrospect (497) of hi? dissolute life, he was terrified at the thought of the retribution (541) that awaited him ; and, borne down by the prostration (503) of disease, he besought ab- solution for all his sins. 492. SOM'N-US, sleep. 1. Somnambulist, one who walks in sleep. 1. A somnambulist will sometimes traverse (565) a dangerous path, and not evince (573) the slightest fear. 493. SO'N-TJS, a sound. Consonant, a letter which can be sounded only in connection with a vowel. (142.) Sound, a noise. (88.) 494. SOBS, (SOR'T-IS,) a sort, lot, share. Consort, a wife. (146.) I Resort, to have recourse to. 1 (22.) 495. SPAR'S-TIM, to strew, to scatter. 1. Interspersing, scattering be- Sparsely, thinly scattered. (217.) tween. 2. Aspersion, calumny. 1. In the tuition (543) of little children, care should be taken to diversify (565) the exercises, by interspersing recreations and lighter studies, with those which are more wearisome. 2. St. Clair, in order to prove the severe strictures (506), passed upon him, to be an aspersion of his character, was wont to expatiate (496) on the various contingent (517) circumstances, which compelled him to surrender Ticonderoga ; but his specious (497) arguments had little weight, after his defeat, in 1791. LATIN ROOTS. 139 496. SPA'TI-TJM, space. Expatiate, to enlarge in discourse. (495.) 497. SPE'CI-O, I look, I see. SPEC'T-TJM, to look, to see. 1. Conspicuous, prominent. 2. Specific, specified. 2. Perspicuity, freedom from obscurity. Despicable, worthy of con- tempt. (267.) Disrespect, dishonor. (210.) Respect, to regard. (367.) Respectable, worthy of re- gard. (491.) Retrospect, looking back on the past. (491.) Special, particular. (374.) Species, a kind. (46.) Specifies, points out. (446.) Specimen, a sample. (184.) Specious, plausible. (495.) Spectres, apparitions. (336.) Speculated, theorized. (321.) Suspected, mistrusted. (167.) 1. In the District of Columbia, and in those parts of Maryland and Virginia, which lie contiguous (517), the most conspicuous and attractive (538) object is the Capitol. 2. The specific duty of the President, to " give to Congress in- formation of the state of the Union," was formerly performed in per- son ; but as most men write with more perspicuity than they speak, this information is now, by tacit (516) consent, given in writing. 498. SPE'R-0, 1 hope. Desperate, without hope. (13.) Desperado, a desperate fellow. (12.) Prosperity, successful progress. (58.) Prosperous, successful. (164.) 499. SPI'B-O, I breathe. SPIRA'T-TJM, to breathe. 1. Aspirant, one who aims at something elevated. 2. Inspirit, to animate. Aspirations, desires for some- thing higher. (367.) Conspiracy, a plot. (105.) Expired, ceased to exist. (160.) Inspire, to infuse into the mind. (40.) Inspiration, a drawing in of the breath. (183.) Spiritual, immaterial. (489.) 1. The Duke of Monmouth was an aspirant to the throne of England, and so tenacious (521) of his rights, that all efforts, to dissuade (508) him from invading England, were in vain. 2. During Queen Mary's long detention (521) in prison, her attend- ants tried to lessen the intensity (520) of her grief, and inspirit her with fresh hopes. 500. SPLEN D-EO, I shine. Splendid, magnificent. (129.) 12* Resplendent, very bright. (89.) 140 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 501. SPON'D-EO, I promise. SPON'S-UM, to promise. Irresponsible, not liable for con- Correspond, to communicate by letters. (142.) Espouse, to marry. (459.) sequences. (428.) Responsible, liable for conse- quences. (422.) Prostrate, lying flat. (46/ Stratum, a layer. (147.) 502. STEL'LA, a star. Constellation, a cluster of fixed stars. (135.) 503. STER'N-0, 1 spread, I strew. STRA'T-TTM* to spread, to strew, Consternation, great surprise mingled with terror. (406.) Prostration, depression. (491.) 504. STIL'L-A, a drop. Distillery, the place where distilling is carried on. (57.) 505. STIRPS, a root, or stock. Extirpation, total destruction. I Extirpate, to root out. (72.) (228.) I 506. STRIN'G-0, I bind. STRICT-UM, to bind. 1. Astringent, contracting. District, circuit of authority. (71.) Restrain, to repress. (14.) 1. Some articles, as green persimmons, are so astringent, that, when taken into the mouth, they distort (535) the features. 507. STRU'-O, I build, I construct. STRUC'T-UM, to build, to construct. Restrictions, limitations. (351.) Strictures, critical censures. (495.) 1. Construction, formation. 1. Instrument, tool. 2. Instruct, to teach. 3. Construed, interpreted. Constructed, built. (153.) Destruction, ruin. (40.) Destructive, ruinous. (293.) Superstructure, an edifice. (60.] 1. In the construction of Solomon's Temple, no instrument of iron was "heard in the house, while it was in building." 2. No matter what the abstruseness (542) of the subject, it is pleas- ant to instruct those who desire to learn. 3. Wolsey, convinced that the King's words could only be con- strued against him, avowed (586) his determination to resign his property and position. 508. SUA'DE-0, I advise. STJA'S-UM, to advise L Dissuasive, advising against, j Dissuade, to divert from any I measure by persuasion. (499.) LATIN 300TS. 141 1. To the dissuasive advice of bis friends, Wolsey replied, that the King's words "were not equivocal (580), and that he should resign the great seal. 509. STJA'V-IS, sweet, pleasant. Suavity, softness. (396.) 510. SUI, of one's self. Suicidal, destructive to one's self. (185.) Suicide, self-murder. (270.) 511. SUM, lam. to be. ES'S-E, to be. EN'T-IS, being. FUTU'R-TJS, about 1. Futurity, the future. Absent, not present. (300.) Essence, the peculiar quality. (199.) Essential, necessary. (44.) Interests, advantages. (293.) Nonentity, nothing. (489.) Present, before the face. (300.) Representative, agent. (174.) Representing, exhibiting.(152.) 1. Astrologers professed to look into futurity, and prophesy good or evil, from the position of the stars. 512. SU'M-0, I take. STJMFT-UM, to take. Assumption, the act of taking upon one's self. (293.) ' Consumption, use. (462.) Presumption, arrogance. (99.) Sumptuous, expensive. (461.) 513. SU'PER, high. SUPE'RIOR, higher. STJPRE'M-US, highest. 1. Superlative, highest in de- gree. Insuperable, not to be over- come. (282.) Superabundance, more than enough. (455.) Supercilious, haughty. (14.) Superior, higher in excellence. (48.) supremacy, supreme power. (152.) Supreme, highest in power. (149.) 1. As the adjective "perfect" seems to have a superlative mean- ing, the expression, "more perfect," may be redundant (549), but it can scarcely be considered ungramniatical, when it is found in the Constitution of the United States. 514. SUR'G-0, I rise. STJRREC'T-TJM, to rise. Insurgents, those who rise in opposition to the Government. (285.) Insurrection, a rising in rebel- lion. (285.) Resurrection, rising again. (489.) 515. TABER'NA, a shed. Tabernacle, a temporary habitation. (301.) 142 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Contiguity, contact. (187.) Contiguous, touching. (497.) Contingent, accidental. (495.) Tact, peculiar aptness. (102.) 516. TA'C-EO, I am silent. TACIT-TIM, to be silent. Tacit, implied, but not expressed, i Taciturn, not free to converse. (497.) I (143.) 517. TANG 0, I touch. TAC'T-UM, to touch. 1. Intact, uninjured. 2. Intangible, not capable of being touched. Contagion, communication of disease by touch. (106.) 1. The Poles fought with desperation, to preserve their little terri- tory intact, but, assailed at every vulnerable (588) part by such an adversary (565), they first became tributary (541), and finally were com- pelled to accept the ultimatum (547) of Russia, viz., the total extinguish- ment of their kingdom. 2. We believe in many things, which are intangible, and invisible (571) ; for instance, electricity. 518. TE GO, I cover. TEC'T-UM, to cover. Protect, defend. (177.) | Protection, preservation. (5.) 519. TEM'P-US, (TEMPO'R-IS,) time. , Temporize, yield to the cur- rent of opinion. Contemporary, living at the same time. (142.) Extemporaneous, produced at the time. (103.) Intemperance, indulgence in drinking spirituous liquors. (136.) Temperament, natural organi- zation. (428.) Temperance, moderation. (99.) Temporal, not everlasting. (458.) Temporary, lasting only a time. (334.) Tense, is that attribute of a verb by which it expresses the dis- tinction of time. (215.) 1. "The more you temporize, the more contumacious (544) and exacting will these rebels become," was the argument of those, who opposed Lord North's Conciliatory Bill. 520. TEN'D-O, I stretch. TEN'S-UM, to stretch. Attendance, presence. (300.) Attention, application. (207.) Extensive, wide-spread. (48.) Extent, compass. (103.) Intense, keen. (66.) Intensity, vehemence. (499.) Intention, design. (60.) Ostentation, ambitious display. (351.) Ostensible, seeming. (60.) Pretension, claim laid. (151.) Portend, foretoken. (174.) See Porro. Portentous, ominous. (68.) See Porro. Superintending, overseeing. (161.) Tendency, inclination. (10.) LATIN ROOTS. 143 521. TE'N-EO, I hold, I keep.TEN'T-TJM, to hold, to keep. 1. Abstinence, the refraining from indulgence of appetite. 2. Continuity, unbroken con- nection. Continual, uninterrupted. (187.) Countenance, the visage. (149.) Detention, confinement. (499.) Entertain, to receive with Pertinacity, inflexibility. (57.) Pertinent, applicable. (457.) Retentive, having power to re- tain. (298.) Sustenance, support. (185.) Tenable, capable of being main- tained. (198.) Tenacious, holding fast. (499.) Tendril, the clasper of a vine. (199.) Tenement, habitation. (199.) Tenure, a holding. (318.) hospitality. (185.) Impertinent, intrusive. (40.) Pertinacious, inflexible. (40.) 1. Much animadversion (565) has been cast on Cranmer; but it should be remembered, that, weakened by imprisonment and long abstinence, he was unable to controvert (565) the statements of those opposed to him. 2. Some truths are perceived by intuition (543) ; but others are only arrived at by an argument, which requires continuity of thought. 522. TEN'T-O, I try. TENTA'T-UM, to try. Attempt, endeavor. (3.) ' | Temptation, inducement. (136.) 523. TEN'U-IS, thin, slender. Attenuate, to make thin. (133.) | Extenuate, palliate. (174.) 524. TEK'G-0, I make clean. TER'S-UM, to make clean. Terse, elegant and concise. (10.) | Terseness, elegance and con- ciseness. (457.) 525. TER'MIN-US, a bound or limit. 1. Conterminous, having a com- mon boundary. Determination, resolution. (207.) Determined, decided. (24.) Exterminate, to destroy utterly. (82.) Interminable, endless. (50.) Terminate, to come to an end. (65.) 1. As Canada ancj. the United States are conterminous, it is of vital (579) importance, that all virulent (577) feelings should be allayed. 526 TE'R-0, I rub. TRI'T-uKT, to rub. Detriment, injury. (456.) I Trite, well worn. (457.) Detrimental, injurious. (425.) j 144 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 527. TER'R-A, the earth. 1. Mediterranean, the sea be- tween Europe and Africa. 1. Terrestrial, pertaining to the earth. Subterranean, under the sur- face of the earth. (50.) Territory, a district. (9.) 1. The ancients gave the name of Mediterranean, because they Bupposed it to be in the middle of this terrestrial habitation. 528. TER'R-EO, I fill with fear. TER'RIT-UM, to fill with fear. 1. Terrific, frightful. I Terrible, fearful. (12.) Deter, stop by fear. (32.) | Terrify, fill with fear. (157.) 1. The terrific explosion, caused by the bursting of a torpedo (534), will destroy a large ship. 529. TES'T-IS, a witness. 1. Testament, a will. 1. Attest, to certify. 1. Testator, one who makes a will. Contested, disputed. (244.) Intestate, without a will. (299.) 1. It would invalidate (555) a no witness to attest the fact, mind. Protest, to make a formal dec- laration against. (77.) Protestants, those who join in a protest. (65.) Testify, bear witness. (123.) Testimony, that which is af- firmed by a witness. (241.) will, or testament, if there was that the testator was of sound Texture, the manner in which a fabric is woven. (150.) 530. TEX'T-TJM, to weave. 1. Context, connected passages. Pretext, a pretence. (167.) Text, a passage of Scripture. (87.) 1. A gross perversion (565) of truth may be made, by taking a text of Scripture without the context* 531. TIM'-EO, I fear. Intimidate, to terrify. (254.) | Timorous, full of fear. (239.) 532. TIN'G-0, I dye. TINC'T-UM, to dye. Tint, slight coloring. (95.) 533. TOL'L-0, I lift up, Extol, to praise highly. (366.) | Tolerate, to endure, (239.) LATIN ROOTS. 145 534. TOR'P-EO, I am numb or torpid. Torpedo, a machine for blowing I Torpid, inactive. (129.) up ships. (528.) I 535. TOR'T-UM, to twist. . Tortuous, crooked. Contortions, writhings. (135.) Distort, twist out of shape. (506.) Extort, to wrest from. (98.) Extortion, oppressive exaction. (48.) Ketorted, threw back an objec- tion. (240.) Torment, suffering. (308.) 1. The tortuous course of some of the rivers of Africa, and the ferocious beasts, which lurk on the umbrageous (548) banks, render their navigation both difficult and dangerous. 536. TO'T-US, whole; all. Totally, entirely. (292.) 537. TRA'D-0, I deliver. TRAD'IT-TJM, to deliver. Tradition, that which is trans- mitted from age to age by oral communication. (301.) Traitor, one who levies war against his country, or who adheres to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. (239.) 538. TRA'H 0, I draw. TRAC'T-UM, to draw. Abstract, existing in the mind only. (204.) Attracted, drawn to. (169.) Attractive, engaging. (497.) Betray, to deliver up in breach of trust. (267.) Detraction, slander. (40.) 539. TRE'M-0, I shake. Tremendous, terrible. (105.) Distraction, confusion. (176.) Extract, to draw out. (111.) Portray, depict. (169.) Tractable, capable of being easily managed. (115.) Treat, to use. (192.) Treaty, a league. (9.) Tremulous, quivering. (182.) 540. TRES, (TRI'A,) three. 1. Trivial, unimportant, 1. During the voyage to Virginia, the most trivial remark of John Smith's, was regarded as intrusive (542), by his companions. 541. TRIB'U-0, I give. TRIBU'T-TJM, to give. Attribute, to ascribe. (2.) Contribute, give in common with others. (204.) Distribute, to dispense. (222.) Retribution, requital. (491.) Retributive, requiting. (210.) Tributary, contributive. (517.) Tribute, a tax paid to secure peace. (207.) 146 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 542. TKU'D-O, I thrust. TRU'S-UM, to thrust. 1. Intrude, thrust themselves in. Intrusive, entering without right. (540.) Intrusion, entrance without right. (402.) Abstruse, difficult to be compre- hended. (201.) Abstruseness, quality of being abstruse. (507.) Obtrude, thrust in. (485.) 1. Cuckoos intrude upon any nest, whose occupants they can venture (559) to attack. 543. TU'E-OR, I view, I guard. TUFT-US, to view, to guard. Intuition, immediate perception I Tuition, instruction. (495.) of truth. (521.) ' 544. TU'ME-0, I swell. Contumacious, obstinate. (519.) Contumacy, contempt of author- ity. (53.) 545. TUN'D-0, I beat, I bruise. Contusion, a bruise. (102.) 546. TUR'B-A, a crowd, a hustle. Disturbance, confusion. (152.) Imperturbable, not to be agi- tated. (123.) 547. UL'TIM-US, last. Ultimate, final. (35.) Ulterior, further. (464.) 548. UM'BR-A, a shade. Umbrage, offence. (153.) 549. UN'D-A, a wave. 1. Inundate, to overflow. 1. Undulate, rise in waves. Abundant, plentiful. (320.) 1. Though the Nile rises sufficiently to inundate the country, yet the waters undulate so little, as to be scarcely perceptible. Contumely, insolence. (174.) Tumid, swollen. (182.) Tumult, a commotion. (485.) TU'S-UM, to heat, to bruise. Perturbation, agitation of mind. (46.) Turbulence, insubordination. (164.) Ultimatum, a final proposition, (517.) Umbrageous, shady. (535.) Redundant, superfluous. (513.) Undulating, rising in waves. (57.) 550. UN'GU-0, 1 anoint. UNC'T-UM, to anoint. Unctuous, oily. (308.) LATIN ROOTS. 1« 551. U'N-TJS, one. Unity, oneness. (352.) Universal, comprising the whole. (215.) 552. U'T-OR, I use. TJ'S-US, to use. 1. Usurp, to seize without right. Disuse, cessation of use. (25.) Peruse, to read. (109.) Usage, treatment. (110.) Use, employ. (150.) 1. Vague (554) rumors pervaded (553) Rome, that Caesar intended to USUVp the supreme authority, and proclaim himself Emperor. B. C. 44, Universe, the whole system of created things. (10.) Unite, to join. (283.) Usual, common. (123.) Usually, ordinarily. (152.) Utensils, implements. (364.) Utility, profitableness. (456.) 553. VA'D-0, I go. VA'S-UM, to go. Evade, to elude. (285.) Evasion, an artifice to elude. (428.) Invade, to enter as an enemy. (83.) Invasion, entrance with hostile intentions. (445.) Pervaded, spread through the whole extent. (553.) Vagabond, an outcast. (182.) Vagrant, wandering. (74.) Vague, indefinite. (552.) 554. VA'G-TTS, wandering. 1. Vagaries, fancies. Extravagance, excess. (48.) Extravagant, excessive.(201.) 1. Who can account for the strange vagaries, which pass through the brain during sleep ? 555. VA'L-EO, I am strong. 1. Invalid, of no legal force. Available, capable of being used with advantage. (39.) Convalescent, recovering health. (143.) Invalidate, lessen the force of. (529.) Invaluable, inestimable. (143.) Prevalent, current. (145.) Prevail, succeed. (223.) Valedictory, a farewell address. (457.) , Valiant, Tbrave. (68.) Valid, of legal force. (3.) Valor, bravery. (68.) Valuable, having worth. (268.) 1. In 1687, while the Assembly was convened (559) at Hartford, Andross appeared, intending to seize the Charter, and declare it in- valid. By an adroit stratagem, they managed to circumvent (559) him; and during the period, which intervened (559) before the second attempt, the Charter was hid in an oak. 556. VE'H-0, I carry. VEC'T-TJM, to carry. Inveigh, to rail against. (179.) | Invective, reproach. (29.) 13 148 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 557. VEL'L-O, I tear. VUL'S-UM, to tear. Convulsion, any violent and irregular motion. (414.) 558. VE'L-O, I cover, I conceal. 1. Developed, disclosed. I Revelation, a disclosing of what Enveloped, wrapped. (308.) was before hidden. (93.) 1. After scarlet fever has developed itself, some other disease fre- % quently supervenes (559). 559. VE'NI-O, I come. VEN'TUM, to come. Adventurers, those who under- take bold enterprises. (320.) Circumvent, to deceive by strata- gem. (555.) Convened, assembled. (555.) Convention, assembly. (74.) Convenient, commodious. (109.) Conventional, agreed upon. (457.) Event, occurrence. (15.) Eventually, in the issue. (351.) Intervened, came between. (555.) Invented, devised. (134.) Invention, the making of that which did not exist before. (25.) Prevent, to hinder. (242.) Supervenes, comes in addition. (558.) Venture, dare. (542.) 560. VEN'T-US, the wind. 1. Ventilate, afford free circulation of air. 1. The air of a school-room soon becomes impure, the defect, ventilate the room. To obviate (570) Verbiage, superabundance of words. (457.) 561. VEB/B-UM, a word. 1. Verbatim, word for word. Proverbs, maxims. (473.) Verbose, full of words. (457.) 1. Rules and definitions should be studied verbatim, lest, by some inadvertence (565), an important error should occur. 562. VE'BE-OK, I fear. Revere, regard with respect and fear. (38.) Irreverent, wanting in respect. (458.) 563. VEB/G-O, I tend towards. 1. Diverge, recede from each other. Reverential, expressing rever- ence. (103.) 1. Converge, tend towards each other. 1. Lines which diverge in one direction, must necessarily con- verge in the opposite direction. LATIN ROOTS. 149 564. VER'M-IS, a worm. 1. Vermin, noxious little animals, insects, &c. (46.) 565. VER'T-O, I turn. VER'S-TJM, to turn. 1. Irreversible, not capable of being revoked. 1. Adversity, calamity. 1. Avert, to turn away. 2. Controversy, disputation. 2. Perverse, obstinately wrong. 2. Convert, to change from one state to another. 3. Versatility, capability of turning to new subjects. Advert, to turn the attention to. (4.) Adversary, an enemy. (517.) Advertise, to publish a no- tice. (3.) Animadversion, censure. (521.) Aversion, dislike. (239.) Controvert, to oppose in argu- ment. (521.) Diversions, amusements. (417.) Diverse, various. (423.) Diversity, difference. (118.) Diversify, to vary. (495.) Inadvertence, heedlessness. (561.) Perverted, turned in a wrong direction. (368.) Perversion, a wrong interpreta- tion. (530.) Reversed, changed to an oppo- site course. (14.) Subvert, to destroy. (241.) Subversive, tending to over- throw. (207.) Traverse, pass over. (492.) 1. Haman, supposing the King's decree to be irreversible, re- joiced greatly at the adversity he had brought upon the Jews. But Esther, hoping to avert the calamity, went before the King, after devout (586) supplication to God, and obtained a complete victory (573) over the wicked Haman. 2. Henry VIII. delighted to engage in controversy 9 but he was so perverse, that it was impossible to convert him to an opinion, even when it was obviously (570) correct. 3. The graphic descriptions in Milton's beautiful epic, exhibit the wonderful versatility of his genius. 566. VE'E-US, true. 1. Verifying, proving to be cor- rect. Verity, truth. (482.) 1 Kepler devoted (586) himself, for years, to the task of verifying astronomical calculations. Veracity, truthfulness. (359.) Veritable, genuine. (301.) 567. VESTIG'I-UM, a footstep. Investigate, to search into. (346.) Vestige, a trace. (323.) 150 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 568. VES'T-IS, a garment. Invest, to surround. (66.) Vesture, a robe. (423.) Vests, puts m possession of. (438.) 569. VE'T-US, (VET'ER-IS,) old; ancient. Inveterate, fixed by long con- I Veteran, an old soldier. (464.) tinuance. (125.) 570. VI'-A, a way. Deviation, turning aside. (47.) Impervious, impenetrable. (133.) Obviate, to remove. (560.) Obvious, evident. (117.) Obviously, evidently. (565.) 571. VIDEO, I see. VI'S-TJM, to see. 1. Survey, to look over. 1. Vista, prospect through an avenue. 2. Proviso, exception provided for. Evidence, proof. (240.) Evident, apparent. (143.) Individuals, human beings. (146.) Invisible, not to be seen. (517.) Provided, prepared. (5.) Providence, forethought. (470/ Provision, special enactment. (44.) Prudent, wise. (117.) Supervision, oversight. (470.) View, appearance. (149.) Visage, the countenance. (428.) Visible, capable of being seen. (362.) Vision, sight. (30.) Visionary, given to reverie. (120.) Visitants, visitors. (336.) Visitor, one who visits. (322.) 1. To survey the Tuilleries, through the long vista of trees which line the approach, gives a much better idea of its magnificent proportions, than a nearer inspection. 2. The Constitution makes this proviso to the power of amend- ment: "That no State shall, without its consent, be deprived of its'* vote (586) in the Senate. 572. VI'GOR, strength, energy. Invigorate, to strengthen. (93.) I Vigorous, energetic. (346.) Vigor, energy. (57.) 573. VIN'C-0, I conquer. VIC'T-UM, to conquer. Convinced, persuaded. (3.) Conviction, belief. (39.) Evince, exhibit. (492.) Invincible, unconquerable. (174.) Province, a country subject to a foreign power. (14.) Victory, success over an enemy. (565.) Victim, a person sacrificed. (89.) LATIN ROOTS. 151 574. VIN'D-EX, (vTN'DIC-IS,) a defender; an avenger. Vindicate, to defend. (314.) Vindictive, revengeful. (413.) Grape-vine, a climbing place. (21.) Revenge, to vindicate. (13.) Vengeance, recompense of evil. (89.) 575. VI'N-UM, wine. 1. Vinous, having the qualities of wine. 2. Vintage, the gathering of the crop of grapes. 1. Many articles, besides grapes, have vinous qualities; large quantities of wine are made from berries. 2. The time of the vintage in France, is a period of great hilarity. 576. VIR, a man. 1. Virago, a bold woman. 1. Xantippe, the wife of Socrates, was a virago 9 noted for her vul- garity (587), and voluble (584) tongue. 577. VI'R-TJS, poison. Virulence, malignancy. (413.) Virulent, malignant. (525.) 578. VI'T-O, I shun, I avoid. Inevitable, unavoidable. (25.) | Inevitably, unavoidably. (368.) 579. VI'V-O, I live.- VIC'T-TJM, to live. 1, Vivify, endue with life. Convivial, festive. (157.) Victuals, food. (402.) Vital, highly important. (525.) 1. How quickly, after a long winter, does the returning sun vivify and animate the face of nature. Vivacity, liveliness. (143.) Vividly, in a lively manner. (323.) Vivid, lively. (147.) 580. VO'C-0, 1 call. VOCA'T-UM, to call. 1. Vociferates, cries out loudly. Advocate, a pleader. (46.) Avocation, employment. ( 1 17.) Convocation, an assembly. (14.) Equivocal, ambiguous. (508.) Invocation, prayer. (389.) Irrevocable, not capable of being repealed. (46.) 1. Before making a proclamation in court, a crier vociferates, three times, "Oyes;" meaning "oyez," attend. 13* Provocation, cause of resent- ment. (174.) Revoke, to repeal. (117.) Vocabulary, a dictionary. (231.) Vocal, relating to the voice. (74. x Vocation, business. (268.) Voice, sound uttered by tho mouth. (30.) 152 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. 581. VO'L-0, I fly. VOLA'T- TJM, to fly. Volatile, fickle. (102.) 582. VO'L-O, I will, I wish. 1. Benevolence, desire to do good. 1. Voluntary, without compul- sion. Volley, a flight of shot. (371.) « 2. Malevolence, ill-will. Benevolent, charitable. (251.) Volunteers, voluntary sol- diers. (22.) 1. The benevolence of Regulus, and his voluntary return to Carthage, have immortalized him in Roman history. 2. Such was the malevolence of Cato, towards Carthage, that every speech on the subject ended with " Carthage must be destroyed." 583. VOLUP'T-AS, pleasure. Voluptuous, devoted to luxury and pleasure. (102.) 584. VOL'V-0, I roll. VOLTJ'T-UM, to roll. Devolving, resting upon. (320.) .Revolve, roll around. (485.) Revolt, to renounce allegiance. (207.) 585. VO'R-0, I devour. Carnivorous, eating flesh. (209.) Devoured, ate up greedily. (149.) Revolution, an entire change in government. (3.) Voluble, fluent. (576.) Voracity, greediness of appe- tite. (381.) 586. VO'VE-0, I vow. VO'T-UM, to vow. Devotee, one who is dedicated. (255.) Devout, earnest. (565.) Vote, suffrage. (571.) 1. Votary, one devoted to some particular object. Avowed, declared openly. (507.) Devoted, dedicated. (566.) 1. Queen Elizabeth, the votary of pleasure, was subject to attacks of the deepest melancholy. 587. VUL'G-TJS, the common people. Divulge, to make known. (142.) i Vulgarism, vulgarity. (151.) Vulgar, common. (57.) Vulgarity, grossness. (576.) 588. VUL'N-TJS, (VUL'NER-IS,) a wound. 1. Invulnerable, not capable of I Vulnerable, capable of being being wounded. wounded. (517.) 1. The mother of Achilles, in order to render him invulnerable $ dipped him in the river Styx. KEY. Words, whose analysis is obvious, have been omitted in the Key; thus, gravitation is given, but not gravity, because all the parts of gravity are contained in gravitation. If inopportune is given, opportune is not; if inflammatory is given, inflammation is not. Words ending in fy, may be derived from facio, or from fy, to make. Abbreviate. Ab, brevis, ate. Abdicate. Ab, dicatum. Aberration. Ab, erratum, ion. Ability. Hdbeo, ity. Able. Habeo, ble. Ablution. Ab, lutum, ion. Abrogated. Ab, rogatum. Absent. A bs, entis. Absolution. Ab, solutum, ion. Abstinence. Abs, teneo, ence. Abstract. Abs, tractum. Abstruseness. Abs, trusum, ness. Abu ndant. A b, unda, ant. Acceptable. Ac, captum, able. Accessory. Ac, cessum, ory. Acclamation. Ac, clamatum, ion. Acclivity. Ac, clivus, ity. Accommodate. Ac, com, modus, ate. Accomplice. Ac, com, plico. Accomplished, Ac, com, pleo, ish. Accurate. Ac, cura, ate. Accusations. Ac, causa, ion. Acerbity. Acerbus, ity. Acidity. Acidus, ity. Acidulate. Acidus, ate. Acquiesced. Ac, quies. Acquire. Ac, quero. Acquisition, Ac, quesitum, ion. Acrid. Acris, id. Acrimony. Acris, mony. Actual. Actum, al. Actuary. Actum, ary. Acumen. Acutus. Adequate. Ad, equus, ate. Adjacent. Ad, jaceo, ent. Administer. Ad, minister. Administration. Ad, ministri, ate, ion. Admirable. Ad, mirus, able. Admirably. Ad, mirus, able, y. Admiration. Ad, mirus, ion. Admonish. Ad, moneo, ish. Admonition. Ad, moniium, ion. Admonitory. Ad, monitum, ory. Adoration. Ad, oratum, ion. Adventurers. Ad, ventum, ure, er. Adversary. Ad, versum, ary. Adversity. Ad, versum, ity. Advertise. Ad, verto, ise. Advocate. Ad, vocatum. Affability. Af, fan', ble, ity. Affectation. Af, factum, ion. Affianced. Afjido, ance. Affirmation. Af, firmus, ion. Affirmative. A f, firmus, ive. Affinity. Affmis, ity. Affliction. Afflictum, ion. Affluence. Afjluo, ence. Aggrandize. Ag, grandis, ize. Aggravation. Ag, gravis, ate, ion. Aggregate. Ag, gregis, ate. Aggressions. Ag, gressum, ion. Agriculture. Agri, cultum, ure. Alienation. Alienus, ate, ion. Aliment. Alitum, ment. Allegations. Al, legatum, ion. Allegiance. Al, ligo, ance. Alleviate. Al, levo, ate. Allusions. Al, lusum, ion. Altercation. Alter, ate, ion. Alternately. Alternus, ate, ly. Alternative. Alternus, ate, ive. Altitude. Altus, tude. Amanuensis. A, manus. Ambient. Amb, Hum, ent. Ambition. Amb, itum, ion. Ameliorate. A, melior, ate. Amicable. Amicus, able. Amity. Amicus, ity. Ammunition. Am, munitum, ion. Amount. A, montis. Amplification. Amplus, facio i ion. Amplify. Amplus, fy. Amplitude. Amplus, tude. Amply. Amplus, y. Amputation. Am, putatum, ion. Ancestor. Ante, cessum, or. Angular. Angulus, ar. Animadversion. Animus, ad, ion. Animadverted. Animus, ad, verto. Animalcule. Anima, al, cule. Animation. Anima, ate, ion. Animosity. Animus, ity. Annexation. An, nexum, ion. Annihilation. An, nihil, ate, ion. Antecedent. Ante, cedo, ent. Antediluvians. Ante, diluvium, an. Anticipation. Anti, capio, ate, ion. Antiquary. Antiquus, ary. Antiquated. Antiquus, ate. Antique. Antiquus. Anxiety. Anxi, ty. Apartment. A, partis, ment. Aperture. Apertum, ure. Apparatus. Ap, paratum. Apparel. Ap, paro. Apparent. Ap, pareo, ent. Apparitions. Ap, paritum, ion. Appendix. Ap, pendo. Appetite. Ap, peto, ite. Application. Ap, plicatum, ion. Applying. Ap, plico. Appreciate. Ap, precium, ate. Apprised. Ap, prehensum. Approach. Ap, prope. Approbation. Ap, probatum, ion. Appropriate. Ap, proprius, ate. Approximate. Ap, proximus, ate. Aptitude. Aptus, tude. Aquatic. Aqua, ic. Aqueduct. Aqua, ductum. (163) 154 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Aqueous. Aqua, ous. Arable. Aro, able. Arbitrary. Arbiter, airy. Arbitrator. Arbiter, ate, or. Arbor. Arbor. Ardent. Ardeo, ent. Ardor. Ardeo. Argue. Arguo. Argumentative. Arguo, ment, int. Armada. Arma. Armistice. Arma, sto, ice. Armorer. Arma, or, er. Aimory. Arma, ory. Army. Arma, y. Arrested. Ar, re, sto. Arrogance. Ar, rogo, ance. Arson. Arsum. Articulation. Articulus, ate, ion. Artificer. Artis,fado, er. Artist. Artis, ist. Asperity. Asper, ity. Aspirant. A, spiro, ant. Aspirations. A, spiratum, ion. Assailants. As, salio, ant. Assertor. -4 s, sertum, or. Asseveration. As, severus, ate, ion. Assiduous. As, sedeo, ous. Assimilate. As, similis, ate. Association. As, socius, ate, ion. Assumption. As, sumptum, ion. Astringent. A, stringo, ent. Attempt. At, tento. Attendance. At, Undo, ance. Attention. At, tensum, ion. Attenuate. At, tenuis, ate. Attractive. At, tr actum, ive. Auctioneer. 'Auctum, ion, eer. Audible. Audio, ble. Auditory. Auditum, ory. Augment. Augeo, ment. Augury. Augur, y. Auspicious. Auspicis, ous. Authority. Auctum, or, ity. Auxiliary. Auxilium, ary. Available. A, valeo, able. Aversion. A, versum, ion. Avocation. A, vocatum, ion. Avowed. A, voveo. Bankrupt. Ruptum, {banco, a bench.) Barbarous. Barbarus, ous. Beatitude. Beatus, tude. Benediction. Bene, dictum, ion. Benefaction. Bene, factum, ion. Beneficent. Bene, f ado, ent. Benefit. Bene, f ado. Benevolent. Bene, volo, ent. Benignity. Bene, ity. Betray. Be, traho. Biennial. Bini, annus, al. Biped. Bini, pedis. Bounty. Bonus, ty. Brevity. Brevis, ity. Cadence, Cado, ence. Calculate. Calculus, ate. Candidate. Candeo, id, ate. Candor. Candeo, or. Canine. Cants, ine. Canticle. Cantus, die. Capacious. Capio, ous. Capacitate. Capio, ity. ate. Capital. Capitis, al. Capitation. Capitis, ate, ion* Capitulate. Capitis, ate. Captious. Captum, ous. Capture. Captum, ure. Captivate. Captum, ive, ate. Caixass. Caro. Carnage. Carnis, age. Career. Curro, eer. Caress. Carus. Carnivorous. Carnis, voro, ous. Casfcigation. Castigo, ate, ion. Casualty. Casum, al, ty. Caution. Cautio, ion. Cavil. Cavilla. Ceaseless. Cessum, less. Celebration. Celebris, ate, ion. Celebrity. Celebris, ity. Celerity. Celer, ity. Celestial. Coelum, al. Cellar. Cella, ar. Censorious. Censeo, or, ous. Censurable. Censeo, ure, able. Census. Censeo. Centenarian. Centum, ary, ian. Centennial. Centum, annus, al. Centurion. Centum, ion. Century. Centum, ry. Certificate. Certus, f ado, ate. Certify. Certus, fy. Cessation. Cessum, ion. Chant. Cantus. Charnel-house. Caro. Cinders. Cineris, er. Circuitous. Circus, itum, ous. Circulate. Circus, ate. Circumjacent. Circum,jaceo, ent. Circumlocution. Circum, locutus, ion. Circumnavigation. Circum, navis, ago t ate, ion. Circumscribed. Circum, scribo. Circumstance. Circum, sto, ance. Circumvent. Circum, ventum. Cite. Cito. Citizen. Civis. Civic. Civis, ic. Civilian. Civis, ian. Civilization. Civis, ize, ion. Clamorous. Clamo, or, ous. Clandestine. Clandestinus. Clarion. Clarus, ion. Classical. Classis, ic, al. Classification. Classis, fado, ion, Clemency. Clemens, y. Coalesce. Co, alo. Coalition. Co, alitum, ion. Code. Codex. Coercion. Co, arceo, ion. Coeval. Co, evum, al. Cogent. Co, ago, ent. Coincidence. Co, in, cado, ence. Coincided. Co, in, cado. Collapse. Col, lapsus. Collateral. Col, lateris, al. Colleague. Col, lego. Collect. Col, ledum. Colloquy. Col, loquor, y. Colloquial. Col, loquor, al. Colonies. Colo, y. Colonists. Colo t ist KEY. 155 Combine. Com, hint. Comfort. Com,fortis. Comity. Comitis, y. Command. Com, mando. Commemorate. Com, menvor, ate. Commerce. Com, mercor. Commiserated. Com, miser, ate. Commissary. Com, missum, ary. Commissioners. Com, missum, ion, er. Committing. Com, mitto. Commodity. Com, modus, ity. Common. Com, munus. Commotion. Com, motum, ion. Communication. Com, munus, ate, ion. Communicative. Com, munus, ate, ive. Community. Com, munus, ity. Compact. Com, pactus. Compare. Com, par. Compassionate. Com, passus, ion, ate. Compatriot. Com, patris. Compelled. Com, pelh. Compendious. Com, pendo, ous. Compendium. Com, pendo. Compensate. Com, pensum, ate. Competent. Com, peto, ent. Competition. Com, petitum, ion. Compile. Com, pilo. Complacence. Com, placeo, ence. Complement. Com, pleo, ment. Completely. Com,pletum,ly. Complexion. Com, pUxum, ion. Complicated. Com, plicatum. Composure. Com, positum, ure. Comprehend. Com, prehendo. Compressible. Com, pressum, ible. Comprised. Com, prchensum. Compromise. Com, pro, missum. Compulsory. Com,pulsum, ory. Compunction. Com, punctum, ion. Concealment. Con, celo, ment. Concede. Con, cedo. Conceive. Con, capio. Conception. Con, captum, ion. Concern. Con, cerrto. Concert. Con, cerlo. Conciliatory. Concilium, ate, ory. Concise. Con, cozsum. Conclusive. Con, clusum, ive. Concoct. Con, coctum. Concomitant. Con, comitis, ant. Concordance. Con, cordis, ance. Concourse. Con, cur sum. Concussion. Con, quassum, ion. Condemn. Con, damnum. Condensation. Con, densus, ate, ion. Condescend. Con, de, scando. Condign. Con, dignus. Condition. Con, datum, ion. Condole. Con, doleo. Conduct. Con, ductum. Conduit. Con, ductum. Confederacy. Con,federis, acy. Conference. Con,fero, ence. Confidential. Con,fido, ent, al. Confinement. Con, finis, ment. Confirmation. Con,firmus, ion. Confiscation. Con,Jiscus, ate, ion. Conflagration. Con,jlagro, ion. Conflict. Con,Jiictum. Confluence. Con^fiuo, ence. Conformity. Con, , brma, ity. Confront. Con, frcntis. Confusion. Con, fusum, ion. Congeal. Con, gelu. Congenial. Con, genus, al. Congregation. Con, gregis, ate, ion. Congress. Con, gressus. Conjectured. Con,jactum,ure. Conjugal. Con, jungo, al. Conjuncture. Con,junctum, ure. Conjured. Con,juro. Connection. Con, necto, ion. Conquest. Con, quozsitum. Consanguinity. Con, sanguinus, ity. Conscientious. Con, scientia, ous. Consciousness. Con, scio, ous, ness. Conscription. Con, scriptum, ion. Consecrated. Con, sacer, ate. Consecutive. Con, secutus, ive. Consent. Con, sentio. Consequence. Con, sequor, ence. Consoled. Con, solor. Consolidate. Con, solidus, ate. Consonant. Con, sonus, ant. Consort. Con, sortis. Conspicuous. Con, specio, ous. Conspiracy. Con, spiro, acy. Constantly. Con, sto, ant, ly. Constellation. Con, stella, ion. Consternation. Con, stcrno, ion. Constitution. Con, statum, ion. Construction. Con, structum, ion. Construed. Con. struo. Consumption. Con, sumptum, ion. Contagion. Con, tango, ion. Contemporary. Con, temporis, ary. Conterminous. Con, terminus, ous. Contested. Con, testis. Context. Con, textum. Contiguity. Con, tango, ity. Contingent. Con, tango, ent. Continual. Con, teneo, al. Continuity. Con, teneo, ity. Contortions. Con, tortum, ion. Contradictory. Contra, dictum, ory. Contribute. Con, tributum. Controversy. Contro, versum, y. Contumacious. Con, tumeo, acy, ous. Contumely. Con, tumeo, y. Contusion. Con, tusum, ion. Convalescent. Con, valeo, escent. Convenient. Con, venio, ent. Conventional. Con, ventum, ion, al. Conviction. Con, victum, ion. Convivial. Con, vivo, al. Convocation. Con, vocatum, ion. Convulsion. Con, vulsum, ion. Co-operate. Co, opera, ate. Cordiality. Cordis, al, ity. Cornet. Cornu, et. Cornucopiae. Cornu, copia. Coronation. Corona, ion. Coroner. Corona, er. Coronet. Corona, et. Corporation. Corporis, ate^ ion. Corporeal. Corporis, al. Corpulent. Corpus, ent. Corpuscle. Corpus, cle. Correction. Cor, rectum, ion. Correspond. Cor, re, spondee. 156 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Corroborative. Cor, robur, ate, ive. Corrupt. Cor, ruptum. Council. Concilium. Countenance. Con, teneo, ance. Counterfeit. Counter, facio. Countermand. Counter, mando. Courier. Curro, er. Creator. Creatum, or. Credentials. Credo, al. Credible. Credo, ible. Credit. Creditum. Credulous. Credo, ous. Criminal. Criminis, al. Crucial. Cruets, al. Crude. Crudus. Culpable. Culpa, able. Cultivate. Cultum, ate. Cumulative. Cumulo, ate, ive. Curable. Cur a, able. Curate. Cura, ate. Curious. Cura, ous. Currency. Curro, ency. Cursory. Cursum, ory. Custody. Cuslodis, y. Cutaneous. Cutis, ous. Debilitated. De, habeo, ity, ate. Debtor. Debitum, or. Decapitate. De, capitis, ate. Decay. De, cado. Decease. De, cessum. Decency. Deceits, y. Decennial. Decern, annus, al. Decide. De, ccedo. Deciduous. De, cado, ous. Decisive. De, ccesum, ive. Declamation. De, clamatum, ion. Declaration. De, clarus, ion. Declivity. De, clivis, ity. Decoction. De, coctum, ion. Decorate. Decor, ate. Decorum. Decor. Decree. De, cretum, Decrepitude. De, crepitum, ude. Dedicate. De, dicatum. Defamatory. De, fama, ory. Defective. De, factum, ive. Defenceless. De,fensum, less. Defendan t. De, fendo, ant. Deference. De,fcro, ence. Definitive. De, finis, ite, ive. D efor m i ty . De, forma, ity. Defraud. De,fraudis. Degradation. De, gradior, ion. Deign. Dignus. Deist. Deus, ist. Deity. Deus, ity. Dej ection. De, jactum, ion. Delegated. De, legatum. Deliberation. De, libratum, ion. Delineate. De, linea, ate. Delinquent. De, linquo, ent. Delusion. De, lusum, ion. Demolition. De, molitus, ion. Demonstrate. De, monstratum. Demoralize. De, moris, al, ize. Denomination. De nomen, ate, ion. Denounce. De, nuncio. Density. Densus, ity. Dentist. Dentis, ist. Denude. De, nudus. Denunciation. De, nunciatum, ion. Deny. De, nego. Department. De, partis, ment. Depict. De, pictum. Deplorable. De, ploro, able. Deposition. De, positum, ion. Deprecate. De, precatus. Depreciated. De, precium, ate. Depredator. De, preda, ate, or. Deprive. De, privus. Deputation. De, putatum, ion. Deputy-governor. De, puto, y, guberno % Derision. De, risum, ion. Derived. De, rivus. Derogatory. Dc, rvgatum, ory. Descant. De, cantus. L'Cccribes. De, scribo. Desecrate. De, sacer, ate. Deserters. De, sertum, er. Designate. De, signum, ate. Desolate. De, solus, ate. Desperado. De, spero. Despicable. De, specio, able. Destitute. De, statum. Destructive. De, siructum, ive. Desultory. De, saltum, ory. Detention. De, tentum, ion. Deterioration. Deterior, ate, ion. Determination. De, terminus, ate, ion. Detraction. De, tractum, ion. Detrimental. De, tritum, ment, al. Developed. De, velo. Deviation. De, via, ate, ion. Devolving. De, volvo. .Devotee. De, votum, ee. Devoured. De, voro. DeA r out. De, votum. Dexterity. Dexter, ity. Dial. Dies, al. Dialects. Dia, (Greek,) ledum. Diary. Dies, ary. Dictatorial. Dictum, ate, ory, al. Diction. Dictum, ion. Dictionary. Dictum, ion, ary. Difficulties. Dif, facio, ty. Diffidence. Dif/Jido, ence. Diffuse. Dif, fusum. Digit. Digitus. D i gnify . Dignus, fy. Dignity. Dignus, ity. Digressions. Di, gressus, ion. Dilapidation. Di, lapidis, at' , ion. Dilate. Di, latum,. Dilatory. Di, latum, ory. Diligent. Di, lego, ent. Dilute. Di, lutum. Diminutive. Di, minutum, ive. Disarm. Dis, arma. Discernment. Dis, cerno, ment. Discipline. Discipulus, ine. Disclaim. Dis, clamo. Disconcert. Dis, con, certo. Disconnect. Dis, con, necto. Disconsolate. Dis, con, solatus. Discourse. Dis, cursum. Discrepancy. Dis, crepo, ancy. Discretion. Dis, cretum, ion. Discrimination. Dis, cerno, ate, '*n. Discussion. Dis, quassum, ion. Disdain. Dis, dignus. KEY. 15» Disgusting. Dis, gustus. Dishonor. Dis, honor. Disinherit. Dis, in, hceres. Dismissed. Dis, missum. Disparity. Dis, par, ity. Dispassionate. Dis, passus, ion, ate. Dispensing. Dis, pensum. Disposition. Dis,positum, ion. Disproved. Dis, probo. Disqualified. Dis, qualis,fy. Disrespect. Dis, re, spectum. Disruption. Dis, ruptum, ion. Dissemble. Dis, similis, ble. Dissemination. Dis, seminis, ate, ion. Dissertation. Dis, sertum, ion. Dissimulation. Dis. similis, ate, ion. Dissolute. Dis, solutum. Dissuasive. Dis, suasum, ive. Distant. Di, sto, ant. Distillery. Di, stilla, ry. Disturbance. Dis, turba, ance. Disuse. Dis, usus. Diurnal. Dies, al. Diverge. Di, vergo. Diversify. Di, versum, fy. Diversity. Di, versum, ity. Divination. Divus, ine, ion. Divinity. Divus, ine, ity. Divulge. Di, vulgus. Docility. Doceo, He, ity. Doctor. Doctum, or. Document. Doceo, ment. Doleful. Doleo,ful. Domesticate. Domus, ic, ate. Domicile. Domus, He. Domination. Dominus, ate, ion. Domineer. Dominus. Dominion. Dominus, ion. Donation. Do, ate, ion. Donor. Do, or. Dormitory. Dormitum, ory. Dubious. Dubius, ous. Ductile. Ductum, ile. Duel. Duo. Duodecimal. Duo, decern, al. Duodecimo. Duo, decern. Duplicity. Duo, plico, ity. Duration. Durus, ion. Edible. Edo, ible. Edict. E, dictum. Edifice. Edes,facio. Educate. E, duco, ate. Efface. Ef, fades. Effected. Ef, factum. Effeminacy. Effemina, acy. Efficacious. Ef, facio, ous. Effigy. Ef, Jingo, y. Efflorescence. Ef, floris, escence. Effulgence. Effulgeo, ence. Effusion. Effusum, ion. Egotistical. Ego, ist, ical. Egregious. E, gregis, ous. Ejaculation. E, jacio, ate, ion. Eject. E,jactum. Elaborate. E, labw, ate. Elapsed. E, lapsus. Elate. E, latum. Election. E, ledum, ion. Elevate. E, levatum. Eligible. E,lego,ible. Elocution. E, locutus, ion. Elongate. E, longus, ate. Eloquent. E, loquor, ent. Elucidate. E, luceo, id, ate. Emergency. E, mergo, ency. Emigrate. E, migratum. Eminent. E, mineo, ent. Emissary. E, missum, ary. Emollient. E, mollis, ent. Emotion. E, motum, ion. Emperor, lmpero, or. Empire. lmpero. Emulation. Emulus, ate, ion. Enacted. En, actum. Enchants. En, cantus. Encircle. En, circus. Encumbrance. En, cumbo, ance. Endorse. En, dorsum. Endure. En, durus. En j oin. En, jungo. Enmity. En, amo, ity. Ennoble. En, notum, ble. Enormity. E, norma, ity. Ensign. En, signum. Enterprise. Enter, prehensum. Entertain. Enter, teneo. Enunciate. E, nunciatum. Enveloped. En, veto. Equalize. Equus, al, ize. Equanimity. Equus, animus, ity. Equation. Equus, ate, ion. Equestrian. Eques, ian. Equilateral. Equus, lateris, al. Equilibrium. Equus, libro. Equinoctial. Equus, noctis, al. Equipage. Eques, age. Equity. Equus, ity. Equivalent. Equus, valeo, ent. Equivocate. Equus, vocatum. Eradicates. E, radicis, ate. Erasure. E, rasum, ure. Erratic. Erratum, ic. Erroneous. Erro, ous. Erudite. E, rudis, He. Eruption. E, ruptum, ion. Espouse. E, sponsum. Essence. Esse, ence. Essential. Esse, al. Establish. E, statum, ble, ish. Estimable. Estimo, able. Estimation. Estimo, ate, ion. Evasion. E, vasum, ion, Eventually. E, ventum, al, ly. Evident. E, video, ent. Evince. E, vinco. Exact. Ex, actum. Example. Exemplum. Exasperate. Ex, asper, ate. Excavation. Ex, cavus, ate, ion. Except. Ex, captum. Excessive. Ex, cessum, ive. Excision. Ex, cmsum, ion. Excitable. Ex, cito, able. Excitement. Ex, cito, ment. Excrescence. Ex, cresco, ence. Excruciating. Ex, crucis, ate. Exculpate. Ex, culpa, ate. Excursion. Ex, cursum, ion. Execute. Ex, secutus. Exemplary. Exempium, ary. 158 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Example. Exemplum. Exemplification. Exemplum, f ado, ion. Exemption. Ex, tmptum, ion. Exert. Ex, sertum. ■ Exhalations. Ex, halo, ion. Exhaust. Ex, haustum. Exhibit. Ex, habitum. Exhumed. Ex, humus. Exigency. Ex, ago, ency. Existence. Ex, sisto, ence. Exit. Ex, itum. Exonerate. Ex, oneris, ate. Exorbitant. Ex, orbis, ant. Exordium. Ex, ordior. Expand. Ex, pando. Expansion. Ex,pansum, ion. Expatiate. Ex, spatium, ate. Expatriate. Ex, patris, ate. Expediency. Ex, pedis, ency. Expedition. Ex, pedis, ite, ion. Expensive. Ex,pensum, ive. Expiatory. Ex, pigium, ory. Expired. Ex, spiro. Explains. Ex, planus. Expletive. Ex, pletum, ive. Explicit. Ex, plicatum. Exploded. Ex, plaudo. Explore. Ex, ploro. Explosion. Ex, plausum, ion. Expostulated. Ex, postulatum. Exposure. Ex, positum, ure. Expulsion. Ex, pulsum, ion. Exquisite. Ex, quesilum. Extant. Ex, sto, ant. Extemporaneous. Ex, temporis, ous. Extensive. Ex, tensum, ive. Extenuate. Ex, tenuis, ate. Exterior. Exterus, or. Exterminate. Ex, terminus, ate. External. Exterus, al. Extirpation. Ex, stirps, ate, ion. Extol. Ex, tollo. Extortion. Ex, tortum, ion. Extract. Ex, tractum. Extraneous. Exterus, ous. Extraordinary. Extra, ordinis, ary. Extravagant. Extra, vagus, ant. Extremity. Exterus, ity. , Fabricate. Fabrico, ate. Face. Fades. Facilitate. Facio, He, ity, ate. Facility. Facio, ile, ity. Fallacious. Fallo, acy, ous. Fallacy. Fallo, acy. Familiarize. Familia, ar, ize. Famine. Fames, ine. Famish. Fames, ish. Famous. Fama, ous. Fanatic. Fanum, ic. Farinaceous. Farina, aceous. Fatal. ' Fatus, al. Febrile. Febris, ile. Federal. Federis, al. Felicitous. Felicis, ity, ous. Feminine. Femina, ine. Fender. Fendo, er. Fermentation. Ferveo, ment, ion. Ferocious. Fera, ous. Fervor. Ferveo, or. Ferule. Ferula. Festival. Festum, ive, al. Festivity. Festum, ive, ity. Feverish. Febris, ish. Fictitious. Fictum, ous. Fidelity. Fido, ity. Fierce. Fera. Figurative. Figura, ive. Filial. Filiu's, al. Finally. Finis, al, ly. Finite. Finis, ity. Firmament. Firmus, ment. Flagrancy. Flagro, ancy. Flexible. Flexum, ible. Floral. Floris, al. Floriferous. Floris, fero, ous. Flourish. Floris, ish. Florid. Floris, id. Flowers. Floris. Fluctuation. Fluxum, ate, ion. Fluency. Fluo, ency. Foliage. Folium, age. Folio. Folium. Formality. Forma, al, ity. Fori ification . Fortis, facio, ion. Fortitude. Fortis, tude. Fortress. Fortis. Fortuitous. Fortis, ous. Fortunate. Fortis, ate. Fossils. Fossa. Found. Fundus. Foundation. Fundus, ion. Fracture. Fractum, ure. Fragility. Frango, ile, ity. Frailty. Frango, ty. Fraternity. Frater, ity. Fratricide. Frater, cozdo. Fraudulent. Fraudis, ent. Frigidity. Frigus, id, ity. Frontiers. Frontis, er. Frontispiece. Frontis. Fruition. Fruitus, ion. Fugitive. Fugitum, ive. Fulgency. Fulgo, ence. Fumigation. Fumus, ate, ion. Fundamental. Fundus, ment, al, Fusible. Fusum, ible. Generalize. Generis, al, ize. Generation. Generis, ate, ion. Generous. Generis, ous. Genial. Genus, al. Genius. Genus. Gentility. Genus, ile, ity. Genuine. Genus, ine. Gesticulation. Gestum, ate, ion. Gesture. Gestum, ure. Gladiatorial. Gladius, or, al. Glutton. Glutio. Govern. Guberno. Gracious. Gratus, ous. Gradation. Gradior, ion. Graduate. Gradior, ate. Granary. Granum, ary. Grandee. Grandis, ee. Grandeur. Grandis. Granite. Granum, ite. Granivorous. Granum, voro, ous. Grape-vine. Vinum. Grateful. Gratus, ful. Gratified. Gratus, fy. Gratis. Gratus. KEY. 159 Gratitude Gratus, tude. Gratuitous. Gratus, ity, ous. Gravitation. Gravis, ity, ate, ion. Grievous. Gravis, ous. Gubernatorial. Guberno, ate, al. Habitation. Habitum, ion. Habitual. Habitum, al. Hereditary. Heredis, ary. Hesitate. Hcesum, ate. Homicide. Homo, cozdo. Honesty. Honor, ty. Honorary. Honor, ary. Horticulture. Hortus, cultum, ure. Hospitality. Hospitis, al, ity. Hostilities. Hostis, He, ity. Hosts. Hostis. Humane. Homo, an. Humanity. Homo, an, ity. Humanize. Homo, an, ize. Humiliation. Humilis, ate, ion. Identical. Idem, ical. Id entity. Idem, fy. Identity. Idem, ity. Ignited. Ignis. Ignominy, lg, nomen, y. Illegal. i7, legis, al. Illiberality. 11, liber, al, ity. Illiterate. 11, litera, ate. Illumination. II, luminis, ate, ion. Imagery. Imago, ry. Imaginary. Imaginis, ary. Imbibed. Im, bibo. Immature. Im, maturus. Immediately. Im, niedius, ate, ly. Immigration. Im, migratum, ion. Immersion. Im, mersum, ion. Immemorial. Im, memor, al. Immorality. Im, moris, al, ity. Immortalize. Im, mortis, al, ize. Immunities. Im, munus, ity. Immured. Im, murus. Immutable. Im, muto, able* Impaired. Im, paro. Impartial. Im, partis, al. Impatient. Im, potior, ent. Impediment. Im, pedis, ment. Impending. Im, pendo. Impenetrable. Im, penetro, able. Imperative. Impero, ive. Imperial. Impero, al. Impertinent. Im, per, teneo, ent. Imperturbable. Im,per, turba, able. Impervious. Im, per, via, ous. Impetuous. Im, pelo, ous. Impiously. Im, pius, ous, ly. Implacable. Im, placeo, able. Implanted. lm,planta. Implements. Im, pleo, ment. Implicate. Im, plicatum. Implored. Im, ploro. Importunity. Im, porto, ity. Imposition. Im, positum, ion. Impossible. Im, possum, ible. Impotent. Im, potui, ent. Impregnable. Im, prehendo, able. Impression. Im, pressum, ion. Improve. Im, probo. Impulsive. Im, pulsum, ive. Impunity. Im, punitum, y. Inadvertence, In, ad, verto, ence. u Inalienable. In, alienus, able. Inanition. Inanis, ity, ion. Inarable. In, aro, able. Inarticulate. In, articulus, ate. Inaugurate. In, augur, ate: Inauspicious, hi, auspicis, ous. Incantation. In, cantus, ion. Incarcerate. In, career, ate. Incarnation. In, carnis, ate, ion. Incendiary. In, candeo, ary. Incentive. In, candeo, ive. Incident. In, cado, ent. Incipient. In, capio, ent. Incision. In, co2sum, ion. Incitement. In, cito, ment. Inclement. In, dementis. Inclination. In, clino, ion. Incoherent. In, co, hozreo, ent. Incommoded. In, com, modus. Incomprehensible. In, com, prehensum, ible. Inconsolable. In, con, solor, able. Incorrect. In, cor, rectum. Incorrigible. In, cor, rego, ible. Increase. In, cresco. Incredulity. In, credo, ity. Incumbent. In, cumbo, ent. Incursion. In, cursum, ion. Incurvate. In, curvus, ate. Indecorum. In, decor. Indefinite. In, de, finis, ite. Indemnify. In, damnum, fy. Indenture. In, dentis, ure. Index. Index. Indication. In, dicatum, ion. Indict. In, dictum. Indigestion. In, di, gestum, ion. Indignant. In, dignus, ant. Indispensable. In, dis, pensum, able. Indite. In, dictum. Individuals. In, di, video, al. Indomitable. In, domilum, able. Indubitable. In, dubius, able. Inebriate. In, ebrius, ate. Inestimable. In, estimo, able. Inevitably. In, e, vito, able, ly. Inexhaustible. In, ex, haustum, ible. Inexorable. In, ex, oro, able. Infamous. In,fama, ous. Infancy. In,Jari,ancy. Infanticide. In, fari, ant, cozdo. Inferior. Inferus, or. Infernal. Ivferus, al. Infested. In, festum. Infidelity. ln,fido,ity. Infinite. In, finis, ite. Infirmary. In,firmus, ary. Inflammation. ln,fiamma, ion. Inflate. In,fiatum. Inflexible. In\flexum, ible. Influential. In, fluo, ent, al. Influx. In,fiuxum. Informality. In, forma, al, ity. Information. In, forma, ion. Informer. In, forma, er. Infraction. In, fractum, ion. Infringement. In, frango, ment. Ingenious. In, genus, ous. Ingenuity. In, genus, ity. Ingenuousness. In, genus, ous, ties*. Ingrate. In, gratus. 160 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Ingratiate. In, gratus, ate. Ingratitude. In, gratus, tude. Inhabitants. In, habitum, ant. Inherent. In, ho&reo, ent. Inheritance. In, heres, ance. Inimical. In, amicus, al. Iniquity. In, equus, ity. Initiation. In, Hum, ate, ion. Injurious. In, juris, ous. Injustice. In, jus, ice. Innocence. In, noceo, ence. Innovation. In, novus, ate, ion. Innumerable. In, numerus, able. Inoculate. In, oculus, ate. Inoperative. In, opera, ate, ive. Inordinate. In, ordinis, ate. Inquires. In, quero. Inquisitive. In, quesitum, ive. Insanity. In, sanus, ity. Insatiable. In, satis, able. Inscrutable. In, scrutor, able. Insidious. In, sedeo, ous. Insignificant. In, signum, facio, ant. Insinuation. In, sinus, ate, ion. Insipid. In, sapio, id. Inspiration. In, spiratum, ion. Inspirit. In, spiro. Instant. In, sto, ant. Instituted. In, sto. Instrument. In, struo, ment/. Insubordination. In, sub, ordinis, ate, ion. Insular. Insula, ar. Insult. In, saltum. Insuperable. In, super, able. Insurgents. In, surgo, ent. Intangible. In, tango, ible. Insurrection. In, surrectum, ion. Integrity. Integer, ity. Intelligible. Intel, lego, ible. Intemperance. In, temporis, er, ance. Intensity. In, tensum, ity. Intercede. Inter, cedo. Intercept. Inter, captum. Intercession. Inter, cessum, ion. Interdict. Inter, dictum. Interests. Inter, esse. Interior. Intra, or. Interminable. In, terminus, able. Intermittent. Inter, mitto, ent. Interregnum. Inter, rego. Interrogation. Inter, rogatum, ion. Interruption. Inter, ruptum, ion. Interspersing. Inter, sparsum. Interstices. Inter, sto, ice. Intervened. Inter, venio. Intestate. In, testis, ate. Intimation. Intus, ate, ion. Intimidate. In, timeo, id, ate Intrinsic. Intra, ic. Introductory. Intro, ductum, ory. Intrusion. In, trusum, ion. Intuition. In, tuitus, ion. Inundate. In, unda, ate. Invalidate. In, vale.o, id, ate. Invaluable. In, valeo, able. Invasion. In, vasum, ion. Invective. In, vectum, ive. Inveigh. In, veho. Invention. In, ventum, ion. Invest. In, vestis. Investigate. In, vestigium, ate. Inveterate. In, veteris, ate. Invigorate. In, vigor, ate. Invincible. In, vinco, ible. Invisible. In, visum, ible. Invocation. In, vocatum, ion. Invulnerable. In, vulneris, able. Irascible. Ira, ible. Irradiates. Ir, radias, ate. Irrational. Ir, rat us, ion, al. Irrefragable. Ir, re,frango, able. Irrelevant. Ir, re, levo, ant. Irremediable. Ir, re, medeor, able. Irresponsible. Ir, re, sj)onsum, ible. Irreverent. Ir, re, vereor, ent. Irreversible. Ir, re, versum, ible. Irrevocable. Ir, re, voco, able. Irrigate. Ir, rigatum. Isolated. Insula, ate. Iterate. Iter, ate. Itinerant. Itineris, ant. Jocularity. Jocus, ar, ity. Judicatory. Judicatum, ory Judicious. Judico, ous. Judiciary. Judico, ary. Junction. Junctum, ion. Junior. Juvenis, or. Jurisdiction. Juris, dictum, ion. > Jurisprudence. Juris, pro, video, end. Jury. Juro, y. Justice. Jus, ice. Juvenile. Juvenis, He. Laborious. Labor, ous. Language. Lingua, age. Latitude. Latus, tude. Laudatory. Laudis, ory. Lecture. Ledum, ure. Legal. Legis, al. Legation. Legatum, ion. Legend. Lego. Legible. Lego, ible. Legislature. Legis, latum, ure. Legitimate. Legis, ate. Lenity. Lenis, ity. Levity. Levo, ity. Liberalize. Liber„ al, ize. Liberty. Liber, ty. Library. Libri, ary. Lineage. Linea, age. Lineament. Linea, ment. Linen. Linum. Linguist. Lingua, ist. Linseed. Linum. Literature. Liter a, ure. Litigation. Litis, ago, ate, ion. Locality. Locus, al, ity. Locomotion. Locus, motum, ion. Longevity. Longus, cvum, ity. Longitude Longus, tude. Loquacity. Loquor, ity. Lucid. Luceo, id. Lucrative. Lucrum, ive. Ludicrous. Ludo, ous. Luminary. Luminis, ary. Lunacy. Luna, acy. Lunatic. Luna, ic. Magisterial. Magister, al. Magistracy. Magister, acy. Magnanimity. Magnus, animus, ity. Magnify. Magnus, fy. KEY. 161 Magnitude. Magnus, tude. Maintain. Manus, Unto. Majority. Mapr, ity. Maladministration. Male, ad, ministri, ate, ion. Malcontent. Male, con, tentum. Malediction. Male, dictum, ion. Malevolent. Male, volo, ent. Malicious. Male, ice, ous. Malignity. Male, ity. Manacles. Manus, c/e. Management. Manus, ago. mcnt. Mandate. Mandatum. Manoeuvre. Manus, opera. Manual. Manus, al. Manufactory. Manus, factum, ory. Manumission. Manus, missum, ion. Manuscript. Manus, scriptum. Maritime. Mare. Matron. Matris. Maturity. Maturus, ity. Meandering. Meo. Mediation. Medius, ate, ion. Medical. Medeor, ical. Medicinal. Medeor, ine, al. Medium. Medius. Melioration. Melior, ate, ion. Memento. Memor. Memorable. Memor, able. • Memorial. Memor, al. Memory. Memor, y. Mental. Mentis, al. Mercantile. Mercor, ant, ile. Mercenary. Mercor, ary. Merchandise. Mercor, ant, ise. Merchant. Mercor, ant. Meridian. Medius, dies, an. Migration. Migratum, ion. Militant. Militis, ant. Militia. Militis. Millennium. Mille, annus. Ministerial. Minister, al. Minority. Minor, ity. Minute. Minutum. Miraculous. Mirus, ous. Miscellaneous. Miceo, ous. Miscellany. Misceo, y. Misery. Miser, y. Misfortune. Mis, fortis. Missionary. Missum, ion, ary. Missive. Missum, ive. Mitigate. Mitigo, ate. Moderate. Modus, ate. Modesty. Modus, ty. Modify. Modus, fy. Mollify. Mollis, fy. Monster. Monsiro, er. Monstrous. Monstro, ous. Morbidly. Morbus, id, ly. Mortification. Mortis, f ado, ion. Mortify. Mortis, fy. Motive. Motum, ive. Movables. Moveo, able. Movement. Moveo, ment. Mul tiform. Multus, forma. Multitude. Multus, tude. Mundane. Mundus. Municipal. Munus, capio, al. Munificence. Munus t facio, ence. Muses. Musa. Museum. Musa. Musician. Musa, ic, an. Mutability. Muto, able, ity. Mutual. Muta, al. Nativity. Natus, ive, ity. Naturalist. Natus, ure, al, ist. Nautical. Nauta,ical. Naval. Navis, al. Navigation. Navis, ago, ate, ion. Nefarious. Nefarius, ous. Negatives. Negatum, ive. Negligence. Neg, lego, ence. Negotiate. Neg, otium, ate. Neutralizes. Neuter, al, izt. Nobility. Nomen, ble, ity. Noble. Nomen, ble. Nocturnal. NocLis, al. Nominal. Nomen, al. Normal. Norma, al. Notify. Noia, fy. Notorious. Notum, ous. Novels. Novus. Novice. Novus. Nudity. Nudus, ity. Nuisance. Noceo, ance. Nullify. Nullus, fy. Nullity. Nullus, ity. Numerical. Numerus, ical. Nuptials. Nuptum, al. Obduracy. Ob, durus, acy. Obituary. Ob, Hum, ary. Oblation. Ob, latum % ion. Obligation. Ob, ligatum, ion. Obliterate. Ob, litera, ate. Obloquy. Ob, loquor, y. Obsequies. Ob, sequor. Obsequious. Ob, sequor, ous. Observing. Ob, servo. Obviate. Ob, via, ate. Obviously. Ob, via, ous, ly. Occasion. Oc, eastern, ion. Occupation. Oc, capio, ion. Occupied. Oc, capio. Occurrence. Oc, curro, ence. Ocular. Oculus, ar. Odious. Odi, ous. Odium. X>di. Officiate. Of, facio, ate. Olfactory. Oleo, factum, ory. Omnipotent. Omnis, potui, ent. Omnipresent. Omnis, pre, entit. Omniscient. Omnis, scio, ent. Onerous. Oneris, ous. Operation. Opera, ate, ion. Opinion. Opinor, ion. Opponent. Op, pono, ent. Opportunity. Op, porto, ity. Oppression. Op, pressum, ion. Option. Opto, ion. Oracle. Oro, cle. Oratory. Oratum, ory. Orbit. Orbis. Order. Ordo, er. Ordinances. Ordinis, ance. Oriental. Orior, ent, al. Originally. Orior, al, ly. Orisons. Oro. Ornament. Orno, ment. Ornate. Ornatum. Ostensible. Os, tensum, ible. 162 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Ostentation. Os, tensum, ion. Oval. Ovum, al. Pacification. Pacts, f ado, ion. Pacify. Pads, ft/. Paganism. Pagus, an, ism. Pall. Pallium. Palliative. Pallium, ate, ive. Paramount. Para (Greek), montis. Parapet. Para, pectus. Parental. Pario, ent, al. Parricide. Pater, cazdo. Participate. Partis, capio, ate. Particle. Partis, cle. Partisan. Partis, an. Partition. Partis, ion. Passionate. Passus, ion, ate. Pastoral. Paslum, or, al. Paternal. Pater, al. Patience. Patior, ence. Patrician. Patris, ian. Patrimony. Patris, mony. Patronage. Patris, age. Pauperism. Pauper, ism. Peculate. Peculalus. Peculiar. Peculium, ar. Pecuniary. Pecunia, ary. Peddler. Pedis, e.r. Pedestrian. Pedis, ian. Peerage. Par, age. Pen. Penna. Penalty. Pemteo, al, ty. Pendulum. Pendo. Penetration. Penetratum, ion. Peninsulas. Pene, insula. Penitentiary. Peniteo, ent, ary. Pension. Pensum, ion. People. Populus. Perambulate. Per, ambulatum. Perceptible. Per, captuw,, ible. Peremptory. Per, emptum, ory. Perennial. Per, annus, al. Perfect. Per, factum. Perfidy. Per,fido. y. Performance. Per, forma, ance. Perfumery. Per, fumus, ry. Perjury. Per,juro, y. Permanent. Per, maneo, ent. Permission. Per, missum, ion. Peroration. Per, oratum, ion. Perquisites. Per, quesitum. Persecuted. Per, secutus. Perseverance. Per, severus, ance. Persistent. Per, sisto, ent. Personally. Persona, al, ly. Personated. Persona, ate. Personify. Persona, fy. Perspicuity. Per, specio, ity. Pertinacity. Per, teneo, ity. Pertinacious. Per, teneo, aceous. Perturbation. Per, turba, ate, ion. Peruse Per, usus. Pervaded. Per, vado. Perversion. Per, versum, ion. Pestiferous. (Pestis, a plague,) fero, ous. Petulant. Peto, ant. Picturesque. Pictum. Pillage. Pilo, age. Placid. Placeo, id. Plantain. Planta. Plantation. Planta, ion. Plausible. Plausum, ible. Pleasure. Placeo, ure. Plebeian. Plebs, ian. Plenipotentiary. Plenus, potui, ent, ary. Plentiful. Plenus, ful. Pliant. Plico, ant. Plummet. Plumbum, et. Plurality. Plurus, al, ity. Polished. Polio, ish. Politeness. Polio, ite, ness. Penological. Pomum, logos (Greek), ical, Poor. Pauper. Ponderous. Ponderis, ous. Pontiff. (Pontis, a bridge,) facio. Popular. Populus, ar. Population. Populus, ate, ion. Populous. Populus, ous. Portable. Porto, able. Ports. Porta. Portals. Porta, al. Portend. Porro, tendo. Portentous. Porro, tentum, ous. Portfolio. Porto, folium. Portly. Porto, ly. Portmanteau. Porto, manus. Portray. Por, tralio. Position. Positum, ion. Possession. Posse, sessum, ion. Posterfty. Posierus, ity. Post-meridian. Post, medius, dies, an. Potentate. Potui, ent, ate. Precarious. Precor, ous. Precaution. Pre, cautio, ion. Precedent. Pre, cedo, ent. Preceptor. Pre, captum, or. Precinct. Pre, cinctum. Precious. Precium, ous. Precipice. Pre, caput, ice. Precipitately. Pre, capitis, ate, ly. Precision. Pre, cozsum, ion. Preconcerted. Pre, con, certo. Precursor. Pre, cursum, or. Predatory. Preda, ory. Predecessor. Pre, de, cessum, or. Predicable. Pre, dico, able. Predominate. Pre, dominus, ate. Preface. Pre, fari. Prefatory. Pre,fatus, ory. Preference. Pre, fero, ence. Prejudicial. Pre,judico, al. Preliminary. Pre, liminis, ary. Premature. Pre, maturus. Premeditated. Pre, meditor, ate. Premonitory. Pre,monitum, ory. Preponderates. Pre, ponderis, ate. Preposterous. Pre, posterus, ous. Prerogative. Pre, rogatum, ive. Present. Pre, entis. Presentiment. Pre, sentio, ment. Preservation. Pre, servatum, ion. Preserve. Pre, servo. Presidency. Pre. sedeo, ency. Pressure. Pressum, ure. Presumption. Pre, sumptum, ion Pretension. Pre, tensum, ion. Pretext. Pre, textum. Prevalent. Pre, valeo, ent.' Prevent. Pre, ventum. Primeval. Primus, evum, al. Primroses. Primus, (rosa, a rose.) KEY. 163 Prince. Primus. Principal. Primus, capio, al Principle. Primus, capio. Print. Premo. Prior. Primus. Privacy. Privus, acy. Privateer. Privus, ate, eer. Privileges. Privus, legis. Privily. Privus, ly. Prize. Prehei sum. Probable. Probo, able. Probation. Probatum, ion. Probe. Probo. Procedure. Pro, cedo, ure. Proclamation. Pro, clamalum, ion. Proclivity. Pro, clivus, ity. Procrastination. Pro, eras, ate, ion. Procurement. Pro, cur a, ment. Profane. Pro, fanum. Professed. Pro, fessum. Proffer. Pro, fero. Proficiency. Pro, facio, ency. Profligate. Pro,Jligo, ate. Profound. Profundus. Profundity. Pro, fundus, ity. Profusion. Pro, fusum, ion. Progenitor. Pro, genus, or. Progress. Pro, grvssus. Prohibit. Pro, habeo. Prominent. Pro, mineo, ent. Promiscuous. Pro, misceo, ous. Promissory. Pro, missum, ory. Promotion. Pro, motum, ion. Promotive. Pro, motum, ive. Propensity. Pro, pensum, ity. Property. Proprius, ty. Proposition. Pro, positum., ion. Propriety. Proprius, ty. Prosecution. Pro, secutus, ion. Prosperity. Pro % spero, ity. Prostration. Pro, stratum, ion. Protection. Pro, tectum, ion. Protestants. Pro, testis, ant. Prove. Probo. Proverbs. Pro, verbum. Providence. Pro, video, ence. Province. Pro, vinco. Provision. Pro, visum, ion. Proviso. Pro, visum. Provocation. Pro, vocatum, ion. P/oximity. Proximus, ity. Proxy. Pro, cura, y. Prudent. Pro, video, ent. Publication. Publico,ion. Publicity. Publico, ity. Puerile. Puer, He. Pugilist. Pugna, ist. Pugnacious. Pugna, aceous. Pulverization. Pulveris, ize, ion. Punctuality. Punctum, al, ity. Punctuation. Punctum, ate, ion. Puncture. Punctum, ure. Pungent. Puvgo, ent. Punishable. Punio, ish, able. Pursued. Per, sequor. Pursuit. Per, sequor. Quadruped. Quadra, pedis. Qualification. Qualis, facio, ion. Quality. Qualis, ity. Quantity. Quantus, ity. 14* Quarantine. Quartus, ine. Quarrelsome. Queror. Quart. Quartus. Query. Quero, y. Question. Quesitum, ion. Quiescence. Quies, ence. Quintillion. Quinque, ion. Quota. Quot. Radiance. Radius, ance. Rancorous. Ranceo, or, ous. Rapacious. Rapio, aceous. Rapidly. Rapio, id, ly. Rapine. Rapio, ine. Rapture. Raptum, ure. Ratification. Ratus, facio, ion. Rational. Ratus, ion, al. Ravage. Rapio, age. Ravings. Rabies. Rays. Radius, y. Razed. Rasum. Realize. Res, al, ize. Rebellion. Re, helium, ion. Receive. Re, capio. Receptacle. Re, captum, cle. Recipe. Re, capio. Recipient. Re, capio, ent. Recitation. Re, cito, ion. Recognized. Re, cog, nasco, ize. Recompense. Re, com, pensum. Reconuoitering. Re, con, notum. Recourse. Re, cursum. Recreations. Re, creatum, ion. Recrimination. Re, criminis, ate, ion. Rectify. Rectum, fy. Rectitude. Rectum, tude. Recumbent. Re, cumbo, ent. Redeem. Red, e.mo. Redemption. Red, emptum, ion. Redolent. Red, oleo, ent. Redundant. Red, unda, ant. Reference. Re, fero, ence. Reformation. Re, forma, ion. Refractory. Re, fractum, ory. R ef u gee. Re, fugio, ee. Refusing. Re, fusum. Regal. Rego, al. Regent. Rego, ent. Regulate. Rego, ate. Reign. Rego. Reiterate. Re, iter, ate. Relapse. Re, lapsus. Relation. Re, latum,ion. Relevant. Re, levo, ant. Relic. Re, lictum. Religion. Re, ligo, ion. Relinquish. Re, linquo, ish. Reluctant. Re, luctor, ant. Remain. Re, maneo. Remanded. Re, mando. Remedial. Re, medecr, al. Remedy. Re, medeor, y. Remember. Re, memor. Remembrance. Re, memor, ance. Reminiscence. Re, memor, ence. Remnant. Re, maneo, ant. Remonstrate. Re, monstratum. Remuneration. Re, muneris, ate, ion. Render. Re, do. Renounced. Re, nuncio. Renovated. Re, novus, ate. 164 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Reparation. Re, paratum, ion. Repetition. Re, petitum, ion. Replete. Re, pletum. Reprehensible. Re, prehensum, ible. Representative. Re, pre, entis, ive. Repugnance. Re, pugna, ance. Repulsive. Re, pulsum, ive. Reputation. Re,putatum, ion. Requisite. Re, quesitum. Requisition. Re, quesitum,) ion. Reservoir. Re, servo. Resigned. Re, signum. Resolved. Re, salvo. Resort. Re, sortis. Respectable. Re, spectum, able. Resplendent. Re, splendeo, ent. Responsible. Re, sponsum, ible. Restitution. Re, sto, ion. Restrain. Re, stringo. Restrictions. Re, strictum, ion. Resurrection. Re, surrectum, ion. Resuscitate. Re, sus, cito, ate. Retentive. Re, tentum, ive. Retorted. Re, tortum. Retribution. Re, tributum, ion. Retrograde. Retro, gradior. Retrospect. Retro, spectum. Revelation. Re, veto. ion. Revenge. Re, vtndex. Revenue. Re, venio. Reverential. Re, vereor, ent, al. Reversed. Re, versum. Revolt. Re, volvo. Revolution. Re, volutum, ion. Ridiculed. Rideo. Ridiculous. Rideo, ous. Rigid. Rigeo, id. Rigorous. Rigeo, or, ous. Risible. Risum, ible. Rival. Rivus, al. River. Rivus, er. Rivulet. Jiivus, let. Robust. Robur. Rotary. Rota, ary. Rotation. Rota, ate, ion. Rotundity. Rota, ity. Routine. Rota, ine. Rudiments. Rudis, ment. Rumor. Rumor. Rupture. Ruptum, ure. Rural. Ruris, al. Rusticate. Rus, ic, ale. Sacrament. Sacri, ment. Sacrifice. Sacri, facio. Sacrilege. Sacri, legis. Sagacious. Sagacis, ous. Sagacity. Sagacis, ity. Salary. Sal, ary. Saline. Sal, ine. Sally. Saio. Salt. Sal. Salubrity. Salus, ity. Salutation. Sululis, ion. Salutatory. Salutis, ory. Sample. Exemplum. Sanative. Sanus, ive. Sanctimonious. Sanctus, mony, ous. Sanction. Sanctus, ion. Sanctity. Sanctus, ity. Sanctuary. Sanctus, ary. Sanguinary. Sanguinis t ary. Sanity. Sanus, ity. Sapient. Sapio, ent. Satiate. Satis, ate. Satiety. Satis, ty. Satisfactory. Satis, factum^ ory. Savory. Sapio, ory. Scald. Caleo. Scale. Scala. Scientific. Scientia, facio. Scribbling. Scribo. Scriptures. Scriptum, ure. Scrutinizes. Scrutor, ize. Secession. Se, cessum, ion. Seclusion. Se, clusum, ion. Secrete. Se, cretum. Sections. Sectum, ion. Secular. Seculum, ar. Security. Se, cura, ity. Sedate. Sedeo, ate. Sedentary. Sedeo, ary. Sediment. Sedeo, ment. Sedition. Sedeo, Hum, ion. Sensitive. Sensum, ive. Sentenced. Sentio, ence. Sentimental. Sentio, ment, al. Septennial. Septem, annus, al. Sepulchre. Sepulchrum.* Sequel. Sequor. Surfeited. Sur, facio. Series. Sero. Serpentine. Serpo, ent, ine. Servant. Servo, ant. Servitude. Servo, tude. Servile. Servo, He. Session. Sessum, ion. Severely. Severus, ly. Signals. Signum, al. Similarity. Similis, ar, ity. Simultaneous. Similis, ous. Sinecure. Sine, cura. Sinister. Sinister. Soap. Sapo. Sobriety. Sine, ebrius, ity. Social. Socius, al. Sociable. Socius, able. Society. Socius, ty. Solace. Solor. Solar. Sol, ar. Soldiery. Solidus, er, y. Solidify. Solidus, fy. Soliloquy. Solus, loquor, y. Solitary. Solus, ary. Soluble. Solutum, ble. Solution. Solutum, ion. Solvency. Splvo, ency. Somnambulist. Somnus, ambulo, ist. Sound. Sonus. Sparsely. Sparsum, ly. Special. Specio, al. Species. Specio, Specific. Specio, fy, ic. Specifies. Specio, fy. Specimen. Specio. Specious. Specio, ous. Spectres. Spectum. Speculated. Specio, ate. Spiritual. Spiratum, al. Splendid. Splendeo, id. Squadron. Quadra. KEY. 165 Stability. Sto, able, ity. Stationary. Statum, ion, dry. Stature. Statum, ure. Strictures. Strictum, ure. Subj ected. Sub. jactum. Subjugate. Sub,jungo, ate. Submarine. Sub, mare, ine. Subordinate. Sub, ordinis, ate. Subpoena. Sub, peniceo. Subsequent. Sub, sequor, ent. Subservient. Sub, servo, ent. Subsidiary. Sub, sedeo, ary. Subsidized. Sub, sed,eo, ize. Subsistence. Sub. sislo, ence. Substantial. Sub, statum, al. Substituted. Sub, statum. Subterfuge. Subter, fugio. Subversive. Sub, versum, ive. Succession. Sue, cessum, ion. Succor. Sue, curro. Succumb. Sue, cumbo. Sufficient. Suf,facio,ent. Suffrage. Sffrango. Suicidal. Sui, cozdo, al. Sumptuous. Sumptum, ous. Superabundance. Super, ab, undo, ance. Superannuated. Super, annus, ate. Supercilious. Super, (cilium, the eyelids,) ous. Superfluity. Super, fiuo, ity. Superintending. Super, in, tendo. Superior. Superior. Supernatural. Super, natus, ure, al. Supernumeraries. Super, numerus, ary. Supersede. Super, sedeo. Superstition. Super, statum, ion. Superstructure. Super, structum, ure. Supervenes. Super, venio. Supervision. Super, visum, ion. Supplant. Sup, planta. Supplement. Sup, pleo, ment. Supplying. Sup, pleo. Supremacy. Supremus, acy. Surmise. Sur, missum. Surmount. Sur, monlis. Surplus. Sur, plus. Surprise. Sur, prehensum. Surreptitious. Sur, reptum, ous. Survey. Sur, video. Susceptible. Sus, captum, ible. Suspected. Sus, spectum. Suspend. Sus, pendo. Suspension. Sus, pensum, ion. Sustenance. Sus, teneo, ance. . Tabernacle. Taberna, cle. Taciturn. Taciturn. Temperament. Tempus, er, ment. Temperance. Tempus, er, ance. Temporal. Temporis, al. Temptation. Tentatum, ion. Tenable. Teneo, able. Tenacious. Teneo, aceous. Tendril. Teneo. Tense. Tempus. Tenure. Teneo, ure. Terminate. Terminus, ate. Terraqueous. Terra, aqua, ous. Terrible. Terreo, ible. Terrific. Terreo, fy. Terrify. Terreo, fy. Territory. Terra, ory. Terseness. Tersum, ness, Testament. Testis, ment. Testator. Testis, ate, or. Testify. Testis, fy. Testimony. Testis, mony. Texture. Textum, ure. Timorous. Timeo, ous. Tint. Tinctum. Tolerate. Tollo, ate. Torment. Tortum, ment. Torpedo. Torpeo. Torpid. Torpeo, id. Tortuous. Tortum, ous. Totally. Talus, al, ly. Tractable. Traclum, able. Tradition. Traditum, ion. Traitor. Traditum, or. Transact. Trans, actum. Transcend. Trans, scando. Transcribe. Trans, scribo. Transfiguration. Trans, Jigura, ate, ion. Transformation. Trans, forma, ion. Transgression. Trans, gressus, ion. Transitory. Trans, itum, ory. Translate. Trans, latum. Translucent. Trans, luceo, ent. Transmarine. Trans, mare, ine. Transm i gration . Trans, migratum, ion. Transmute. Trans, muto. Transparent. Trans, pareo, ent. Transplanting. Trans, planta. Transported. Trans, parte Transposing. Trans, positum Traverse. Trans, versum. Treaty. Tractum, y. Tremendous. Tremo, ous. Tremulous. Tremo, ous. Tributary. Tributum, ary. Trite. Tritum. Trivial. Tria, via, al. Tuition. Tuitus, ion. Tumid. Tumeo, id. Tumult. Tumeo. Turbulence. Turba, ence. Ulterior. Ultimus, or. Ultimate. Ultimus, ate. Ultimatum. Ultimus. Umbrageous. Umbra, age, ous. Unanimity. Unus, animus, ity. Unctuous. Unctum, ous. Undulating. Unda, ate. Unexampled. Un, exemplum. Uniformity. Unus, forma, ity. Uninterrupted. Un, inter, ruptunu Unite. Unus. Unity. Unus, ity. Universal. Unus, versum, al. Unjust. Un,jus. Unmitigated. Un, mitigo, ate. Unprepared. Un, pre, paro. Unprincipled. Un, primus, capio. Usage. Usus, age. Use. Usus. Usually. Usus, al, ly. Usurp. Usus. Unpopular. Un, populus, or. Utensils. Utor. Utility. Utor, ity. Vagabond. Vagus, 166 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Vagary. Vagus, ary. Vague. Vagus. Valedictory. Valeo, dictum, ory. Valiant. Valeo, ant. Valid. Valeo, id. Valor. Valeo, or. Valuable. Valeo, able. Vengeance. Vindex, ance. Ventilate. Ventus, ate. Venture. Ventum, ure. Veracity. Verus, ity. Verbatim. Verbum. Verbiage. Verbum, age. Verbose. Verbum, ose. Verifying. Verus, fy. Veritable. Verus, able. Verity. Verus, ity. Vermin. Vermis. Versatility. Versum, He, ity. Vests. Vesiis. Vestige. Vestigium. Vesture. Veins, ure. Veteran. Veteris, an. Vice-President. Vicis,pre, sedeo, ent. Victim. Victum. Victory. Victum, ory. Victuals. Victum. View. Video. Vigor. Vigor. Vigorous. Vigor, ous. Vindicate. Vindicis, ate. Vindictive. VindiciSy ive. Vinous. Vinum, ous. Vintage. Vinum, age. Virago. Vir. Virtue. Vir. Virulence. Virus, ence. Visage. Visum, age. Visible. Visum, ible. Visionary. Visum, ion, ary. Visitants. Visum, ant. Visitor. Visum, or. Vista. Visum. Vital. Victum, at. Vivacity. Vivo, ity. Vividly. Vivo, id, ly. Vocabulary. Voco, ary. Vocal. Voco, at. Vivify. Vivo, fy. Vocation. Vocatum, ion. Vociferates. Voco, fero, ate. Voice. Voco. Volatile. Volatum, He. Volley. Volo, y. Voluble. Volutum, ble. Voluntary. Volo, ary. Volunteers. Volo. eer. Voluptuous. VoluptaSyOUS. Voracity. Voro, ity. Votary. Votum, ary. Vote. Votum. Vulgarism. Vulgus, ar, ism. Vulgarity. Vulgus, ar, ity. Vulnerable. Vimeris, able. PART III. WORDS DERIVED FROM THE GREEK. As many Greek derivatires occur in the sentences under Latin roots, it ] thought best to define and give the root, of the most important of these words. The numbers refer to the ssntences in Part II. > been GREEK ALPHABET. Letter. Name. Power or equivalent. A a Alpha . . a B (i 6 . Beta . . b r y . Gamma . , g A 6 Delta . . - d E t Epsilon e, as in met. z 5 Zeta . . z U rj Eta . . . e as in me. e 5 e . Theta . . th i i Iota . . i K K Kappa . . k or c A X Lambda . 1 M n Mu . . . m N v Nu . . . . n H I Xi . . . X O o Omicron . o as in not. n 7T . Pi . . . P p p Rho . . . r 2 tr, final s Sigma . . s T r . Tau . . t Y v Upsilon u or y * . Phi . . . . ph X ^ . Chi . . . ch * t// . Psi . . . . ps SI o) Omega . . o as in no. Gamma, g, is always hard; as, g, in get. Ge, the earth, is pronounced ge, rxotje. Kappa, c, or k, is always hard, like k. Centrum, the centre, is pronounced kentrum, not ventrum. Ch has the sound of fc; as, chole, pi*onounced ko-le. » Every Greek word has as miny syllables as it has vowels or diphthongs. GEEEK PREFIXES. A or an, want of, not. Amphi, or ambi, both. Ana. through, up. Axti, or ant, opposite to. Apo, or ap, from, away. Cata, or cat, down. Di:mi, half. Dia, or Di, through, asunder. Em, or en, in, on. Epi, upon. Hemi, half. Hyper, over, beyond. Hypo, under. Meta, change, beyond. Para, or par, near to, similar. Peri, round, about. Poly, many. Semi, half. IS; &, }*■•*«*«* (16- 168 THE MODEL ETYMOLOGY. Academic (Academ-ia, a grove near Athens, where Plato taught philosophy), belonging to a college. Aeronaut (Aer, the air. Nauta, a sailor), one who sails in the air. 358. Agony {Agon, a combat), extreme suffering. Alchemists (Chym-os fluidity), those who believe in an ancient science, which aimed to transmute metals into gold. 142. Alphabet (Alpha, tbe first letter in the Greek alphabet; Beta, the second), the letters of a language arranged in the customary order. Amphibious (Bi-os, life), capable of living in two elements. Anachronism (Chron-os, time), an error in computing time. Analysis (Lys-is, a loosing), the resolving of anything into its constituent parts. 460. Anarchy (Arche, the beginning, government), political confusion. Anonymous (Onym-a, a name), without a name Antipathy (Paih-os, feeling), repugnance. 385. Apathy (Path-os, feeling), want of feeling. Apocalypse (Calypt-o, to conceal), Revelation. 335. Apology (Log-os, reason, discourse, science), excuse. Apostle (Stell-o, to send), one of the twelve disciples of Christ sent forth to preach the gospel. Architect (Arche, the beginning, government. Tecton, an artist), one skilled in the art of building. 110. Architecture (Arche, the beginning, government. Tecton, an artist), the art of building. Arctic (Arct-os, a bear), relating to the North. Aristocracy (Aristos, noblest, best. Cratos, government), the nobility. Astrology (Astr-on, a star. Log-os, wisdom, discourse, science), divination by the star*. Astronomical (Astron, a star. Nomos, a law), relating to astronomy. 566. Astronomy, the science of the heavenly bodies. 350. Athletic (Athl-os, combat), vigorous. Atoms (Tomos, a cutting), minute particles. 300. Autograph (Aut-os, one's self. Graph-o, to write), one's own signature. Automaton (Aut-os, one's self. Mat-os, a moving), a self-moving machine. Baptism QBapt-o, to wash, to sprinkle), the act of baptizing. Bible (BM-os, a book), the Old and New Testament. 175. Biography (Bi-os, life. Graph-o, to write), the history of the life of a person. Canon (Canon, a law, a rule), an ecclesiastical law. Cathedral (Edr-a, a seat, a base), the principal church in a diocese. 353. Chaos (Ciia-os,& confused mass), confusion. Character (Character,* mark; peculiar disposition), the qualities, which distinguish one person from another. 148. Charity (Charts, charit-os, grace, love), benevolence. Chemists (Chym-os, fluidity), those who understand chemistry. 176. Choleric (Ohol-e, bile, anger), irascible. Christianity (Christ-os, anointed) the religion of Christ. Christmas (Christ-os, anointed), the festival of the birth of Christ. 170. Chronology (Chron-os, time. Log-os, wisdom, discourse, science), the science of dates or eras. Chronometer (Chron-os, time. Metr-um, a measure), an accurate time-keeper. Concentrate (Centr-um, the centre), to bring to a common centre. Cosmogony (Cosm-os, the world. Genea, generation, birth), the science of the creation of the world. Criterion (Criters, a judge), a standard of judging. Critic (Crites, a judge), one skilled in judging of literary productions, or works of art. Demagogue (Dem-os, the people* Agogeus, a leader), an artful political orator. Despotism (Despot-es, a despot), absolute control over others. 327. Doxology (Dox-a, opinion, glory. Logos, wisdom, discourse, science), a hymn expressive of praise. Dramatist (Drama, a play), a writer of plays. Economy (Ec-eo, to dwell), saving of waste and unnecessary expense. Emphasis (Phan-o, to show), special stress of the voice laid upon a word. Encyclopedia (Cycl-us, a circle. Pedi-a, learning), a work in which the various branches of science are discussed. 302. Epic (Ep-os, a narration) an heroic poem. 565. Epigram (Graph-o, to write), a short pointed poem. Episcopal (Scop-eo, to look), governed by bishops. Epistle (Stell-o, to send), a letter. Ether (Ether, the sky), a light fluid. Ethics (Eth-os, custom, manners), the science of human duty. 810. GREEK ROOTS. 169 Eulogy (Eu, well, good. Log-os, wisdom, discourse, science), panegyric. Evangelist (Eu, well, good. Angel-lo, to bring tidings), a writer of tlie history of the life and death of our blessed Lord. 290. Exodus (Od-os, a road or way), the departure of the Israelites from Egypt. 301. trENEALOGT (Genea, generation, birth. Log-os, wisdom, discourse, science), lineage. Genesis (Genea, generation, birth), origin. Geography (Ge, the earth. Graph-o, to write), a description of the earth's surface. 208. Geology (Ge, the earth. Log-os, wisdom, discourse, science), the science which treats of the structure of the earlh. 302. Geometry (Ge, the earth. Metr-on, a measure), the science of magnitudes. 302. Graphic (Graph-o, to write), vividly described. 565. Gymnasium (Gymn-os, naked), a place for athletic exercises. Hemisphere (Hemi, hemis-us, half. Sphoer-a, a sphere), half a globe. 269. Heterogeneous (Heter-os, another, dissimilar. Genea, generation, birth), having unlike qualities. 293. Horizon (Hor-os, a boundary), the place where the earth and sky seem to meet. Hydhant (Hydor, water), a spout at which water may be drawn. Hydrophobia (Hydor, water. Phob-os, fear, dread), a disease which causes great dread of water. Layman (Laos, the people), one of the laity. Lethargy (Lethe, forgetfulness), dulness. 300. Mechanics (Mechan-v.o, to contrive, to invent), the science which treats of the action of forces on bodies. 302. Mf.chanism (Mechan-ao, to contrive, to invent), the construction of a machine. 391. Melancholy (Melan, black, dark), dejection. 586. Melodious (Mel-os, a song. Od-e, an ode), musical. Melody (Mel-os, a song. Od-e, an ode), a musical succession of sounds. Metamorphose. (Morph-e, a form, a figure), to transform. Method (Od-os, a road or way), arrangement. 309. Metropolis (Meter, metr-os, a mother. Polis, a city), the chief city of a State. Mysteries (Myst-es, hid, secret), a profound secret. 142. Mythology (Myth-ns, a fiction, a fable. Log-os, wisdom, discourse, science), the science which treats of myths or fables. 187. Nausea (Nause-a, sea-sickness, loathing), sickness of the stomach. 152. Nucleus (Nux, nuc4s, a nut), the central or material portion. 124. Optical (Opt-o, to see), relating to sight. Orthography (Orth-os, erect, right. Graph-o, to write), spelling. Parable (Bole-o, to throw), an allegorical relation from which a moral is drawn. Paragraph (Graph-o, to write), any portion of a writing which relates to a particular point. 476. Parochial (Ec-eo, to dwell), relating to a parish. Pentagon (Pent-e, five. Gonia, an angle), a figure having five angles. Pentateuch (Pent-e, five. Teuch-os, a book), the first five books of the Old Testament. 301. Period (Od-os, a road, a way), a portion of time. 575. Philadelphia (Phil-os, a lover. Adelph-os, a brother), the city of brotherly love. 124. Philanthropist (PJnl-os. a lover. Anthrop-os, a man), love for mankind. Philosophy (Phil-ns, a lover. Soph-ia, wisdom), the science of general laws. 473. Police (Pol-is, a city), the body of civil officers organized to preserve order in cities. Problem (Bole-o, to throw), something proposed to be done. Skeptical (Sceplo-omai, to speculate, to doubt), doubting the truth of revelation. 342. Synonym (Onym-a, a name), a word having the same meaning as another. 329. Sympathy (Path-os, feeling),-fellow-feeling. 338. Telegraph (Tel-os, the end, distance. Graph-o, to write), a machine for communicating intelligence to distant places. 323. Telkscope (Tel-os, the end, distance. Graph-o, to write), an instrument for viewing dis- tant objects. Theatre (Theatr-wm, a v heatre), a place for dramatic representation. Topic (Top-os t a place, a tract of country) a subject of discourse. 301. MODEL TEXT BOOKS, PUBLISHED BY ZELIDIL^IEIDGKE & BROTHER, 17 & 19 South Sixth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. CHASE & STUART'S CLASSICAL SERI ES. REFERENCES TO Harkness's Latin Grammar AND Andrews & Stoddard's Latin Grammar. 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