n THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES •••^— :— >-- « ^ — ."^ Portrait and ^ BIOGRAPHICAL *-»-- RECORD ¥^ o* LANCASTER COUNTY. Pennsylvania. Containing Biographical SIcetches of PROMINENT^REPRESENTATIVECITIZENS^SCOUNTY, Together with Biographies and Portraits of all the Pi'csidcnts of the United States. CHICAGO: CHAPMAN PUBLISHING CO. 1894. pi^Ep/^($E. ^3»* -l-«H- - was boni in West- niurclaiul County, \'a., Fchniary 22, 1732. 1 1 ih ])art.-iils wt-rc Augustine ami Mary (Ball .) Washington. The faniily to which he belonged has not l)een s;itisfactorily traced in lingland. His grcat-grandfatlier, John Washington, emi- grated to \'irginia about 1657, and became a prosperous planter. He liad two .sons, Lawrence and^ohn. The former marrietl Mildred Wanier, and had three children, John, Augustine and Mildred. Augustine, the father of George, first niarri(.' I, though onlv nineteen years of age, he was appoiiiled Adjutant, with the rank of Major, in the Virginia militia, then being trained for active service against the French and Indians. Soon after this he .sailed to the West Indies with his brother Lawrence, w ho went there to restore his health. They .soon returned, and in the sunnner of 1752 Lawrence died, leaving a large fortune to an infant daughter, who did not long sunive him. On her denii.se the estate of Mt. \'ernon was given to George. Upon the arrival of Robert Dinwiddie as Lieu- tenant-Governor of Virginia, in 1752, the militia was reorganized, and the province divided into four military districts, of which the northern was assigned to Washington as Adjutant-General. Shortly after this a verj- perilous mi.s.sion, which others had refused, was assigned him and ac- cepted. This was to proceed to the French post near Lake Erie, in northwestern Peini.sylvania. The distance to be traversed was about six hun- dred miles. Winter was at hand, and the journey was to be made without military escort, through a territory occupied by Indians. The trip was a perilous one, and several times he nearly lost his life, but he returned in safety and furnished a full and useful report of his expedition. A regiment of three hundred men was raised in Virginia and put in command of Col. Joshua Fry, and Maj. Washington was commissioned Lieutenant-Colo- nel. Active war was then begun against the French and Indians, iu which Washington took 20 GEORGE WASHINGTON. a most important part. In the memorable event of July 9, 1755, known as" Braddock's defeat," Wa.shington was almost the only officer of dis- tinction who escaped from the calamities of the day with hfe and honor. Having been for five years in the military ser\'- ice, and having vainly sought promotion in the royal army, he took advantage of the fall of Ft. Du- quesne and the expulsion of the French from the valley of the Ohio to resign his commission. Soon after he entered the Legislature, where, although not a leader, he took an active and important part. January 17, 1759, he married Mrs. Martha (Dandridge) Custis, the wealthy widow of John Parke Custis. When the British Parliament had closed the port of Boston, the cry went up throughout the provinces, ' ' The cause ot Boston is the cause of us all! " It was then, at the suggestion of Vir- ginia, that a congress of all the colonies was called to meet at Philadelphia September 5, 1774, to secure their common hberties, peaceably if possible. To this congress Col. Washington was sent as a delegate. On May 10, 1775, the congress re-assembled, when the hostile inten- tions of England were plainly apparent. The battles of Concord and Lexington had been fought, and among the first acts of this congress was the election of a commander-in-chief of the Colonial forces. This high and responsible office was con- ferred upon Washington, who was still a member of the congress. He accepted it on June 19, but upon the express condition that he receive no sal- ary. He would keep an exact account of ex- penses, and expect congress to pay them and nothing more. It is not the object of this sketch to trace the military acts of Washington, to whom the fortunes and liberties of the people of this country were so long confided. The war was conducted by him under every possible disadvan- tage; and while his forces often met with reverses, yet he overcame every obstacle, and after seven years of heroic devotion and matchless skill he gained liberty for the greatest nation of earth. On December 23, 1783, Washington, in a parting address of surpassing beauty, resigned his com- mission as Commander-in-Chief of the army to the Continental Congress sitting at Annapolis. He retired immediately to Mt. Vernon and resumed his occupation as a farmer and planter, shunning all connection with public life. In February, 1789, Washington was unani- mously elected President, and at the expiration of his first term he was unanimously re-elected. At the end of this term many were anxious that he be re-elected, but he absolutely refused a third nomination. On March 4, 1797, at the expiration of his second term as President, he returned to his home, hoping to pass there his few remaining years free from the annoyances of public life. Later in the year, however, his repose seemed likely to be interrupted by war with France. At the prospect of such a war he was again urged to take command of the army, but he chose his sub- ordinate officers and left them the charge of mat- ters in the field, which he superintended from his home. In accepting the command, he made the reservation that he was not to be in the field until it was necessary. In the midst of these prepara- tions his life was suddenly cut off. December 1 2 he took a severe cold from a ride in the rain, which, settling in his throat, produced inflamma- tion, and terminated fatally on the night of the 14th. On the iStli his body was borne with mili- tary honors to its final resting-place, and interred in the family vault at Mt. Vernon. Of the character of Washington it is impossible to speak but in terms of the highest respect and admiration. The more we see of the operations of our government, and the more deeply we feel the difficulty of uniting all opinions in a common Interest, the more highly we must estimate the force of his talent and character, which have been able to challenge the reverence of all parties, and principles, and nations, and to win a fame as extended as the limits of the globe, and which we cannot but believe will be as lasting as the exist- ence of man. In person, Washington was unusually tall, erect and well proportioned, and his muscular strength was great. His features were of a beausiful .sym- metry. He commanded respect without any ap- pearance of haughtiness, and was ever serious without being dull. -' im w P, mnj JOHN ADAMS. 30 1 IX ADAMS, the second President and the first \" ice- President of the I'nited States, was born in liraintree (now yuincy ) Mass., and about ten miles from Boston, October 19, 1735. His great-grandfather, Henr>- Adams, emigrated from England about 1640, with a family of eight sons, and settletl at Braintree. The parents of John were John and Susannah (Boylston) Adams. His father, who was a farmer of limited means, also engaged in the business of shoe- making. He gave his eldest son, John, a cla.ssical education at Harvard College. John graduated in 1755, and at once took charge of the school at Worcester, Mass. This he found but a "school of affliction," from which he endeavored to gain relief by devoting himself, in addition, tc the study of law. For this purjxjse he i)laced himself under the tuition of the only lawyer in the town. He had thought seriously of the clerical profes- •siou, but seems to have been turned from this by what he termed " the frightful engines of ecclesi- astical councils, of diabolical malice, and Calvin- istic good nature," of the operations of which he had been a witness in his native town. He was well fitted for the legal profession, pos-sessing a clear, sonorous voice, being ready and fluent of speech, and having quick jK-rceptive powers. He gradually gained a practice, and in 1764 married Abigail Smith, a daughter of a niini.ster, and a lady of superior intelligence. Shortly after his marriage, in 1765, the attempt at parliamentary taxation turned him from law to politics. He took initial steps toward holding a town meeting, and the resolutions he offered on the subject be- came very popular throughout the province, and were adopted word for word by over forty differ- ent towns. He moved to Boston in 1768, and became one of the most courageous and promi- nent advocates of the popular cause, and was chosen a member of the General Court (the Leg- islature) in 1770. Mr. Adams was chosen one of the first dele- gates from Massachusetts to the first Continent- al Congress, which met in 1774. Here he dis- tinguished himself by his capacity for business and for debate, and advocated the movement for independence against the majority of the mem- bers. In May, 1776, he moved and carried a res- olution in Congress that the Colonies should assume the duties of self-goveriunent. He was a prominent member of the committee of five ap- pointed June 1 1 to prepare a declaration of inde- pendence. This article was drawn by Jefferson, but on Adams de\'olved the task of battling it through Congress in a three-days debate. , On the day after tlie Declaration of Independ- ence was passed, while his soul was yet warm with the glow of excited feeling, he wrote a letter to his wife, which, as we read it now, seems to have been dictated by the spirit of prophecy. " Ye-sterday," he says, "the greatest question was decided that e\'er was debated in America;' and greater, perhaps, never was or will be de- cided jimong men. A resolution was passed without one dis.senting colony, 'that these United States are, and of right ought to be, free and in- dependent states.' The day is passed. The Fourth of July, 1776, will be a memorable epoch in the historj- of America. I am apt to believe it will be celebrated by succeeding generations as the great anniversarj- festival. It ought to be commemorated as the day of deliverance by solemn acts of devotion to Almighty God. It ought to be solemnized with pomj), shows, games, sports, guns, bells, bonfires and illuminations from one end of the continent to the other, from this time forward forever. You will think me transported with enthusiasm, but I am not. I am well aware of the toil and blood and treas- ure that it will cost to maintain this declaration and support and defend these States; yet, through all the gloom, I can see the rays of light and glory. I can see that the end is worth more than all the means, and that posterity will triumph, 24 JOHN ADAMS. although you and I may rue, which I hope we shall not." In November, 1777, Mr. Adams was appointed a delegate to France, and to co-operate with Ben- jamin Franklin and Arthur Lee, who were then in Paris, in the endeavor to obtain assistance in arms and money from the French government. This was a severe trial to his patriotism, as it separated him from his home, compelled him to cross the ocean in winter, and exposed him to great peril of capture by the British cruisers, who were seeking him. He left France June 17, 1779. In September of the same year he was again chosen to go to Paris, and there hold him- self in readiness to negotiate a treaty of peace and of commerce with Great Britain, as soon as the British cabinet might be found willing to listen to such proposals. He sailed for France in No- vember, and from there he went to Holland, where he negotiated important loans and formed im- portant commercial treaties. Finally, a treaty of peace with England was signed, January 21,1 783. The re-action from the excitement, toil and anxiety through which Mr. Adams had passed threw him into a fever. After suffering from a continued fever and becoming feeble and emaciated, he was advised to >go to England to drink the waters of Bath. While in England, still drooping and desponding, he re- ceived dispatches from his own government urg- ing the necessity of his going to Amsterdam to negotiate another loan. It was winter, his health was delicate, yet he immediately set out, and through storm, on sea, on horseback and foot, he made the trip. February 24, 1785, Congress appointed Mr. Adams envoj' to the Court of St. James. Here he met face to face the King of England, who had so long regarded him as a traitor. As Eng- land did not condescend to appoint a minister to the United States, and as Mr. Adams felt that he was accomplishing but little, he sought permis- sion to return to his own country, where he ar- rived in June, 1788. When Washington was first chosen President, John Adams, rendered illustrious by his signal services at home and abroad, was chosen Vice- President. Again, at the second election of Wash- ington as President, Adams was chosen Vice- President. In 1796, Washington retired from public life, and Mr. Adams was elected President, though not without much opposition. Serving in this office four years, he was succeeded by Mr. Jefferson, his opponent in politics. While Mr. Adams was Vice-President the great French Revolution shook the continent of Europe, and it was upon this point that he was at issue with the majority of his countrymen, led by Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Adams felt no sympathy with the French people in their struggle, for he had no confidence in their power of self-govern- ment, and he utterly abhorred the class of atheist philosophers who, he claimed, cau.sed it. On the other hand, Jefferson's sympathies were strongly enlisted in behalf of the French people. Hence originated the alienation between these distin- tinguished men, and the two powerful parties were thus soon organized, with Adams at the head of the one whose sympathies were with England, and Jefferson leading the other in sympathy with France. The Fourth of July, 1826, which completed the half-century since the signing of the Declaration of Independence, arrived, and there were but three of the .signers of that immortal instrument left upon the earth to hail its morning light. And, as it is well known, on that day two of these finished their earthly pilgrimage, a coinci- dence so remarkable as to seem miraculous. For a few days before Mr. Adams had been rapidly failing, and on the morning of the F'ourth he found himself too weak to rise from his bed. On being requested to name a toast for the cus- tomary celebration of the day, he exclaimed "Independence forever!" When the day was ushered in by the ringing of bells and the firing of caimons, he was a.sked by one of his attend- ants if he knew what day it was ? He replied, ' ' O yes, it is the glorious Fourth of July — God bless it — God bless you all!" In the course of the day he said, "It is a great and glorious day." The la.st words he uttered were, " Jeffer- son sur\'ives." But he had, at one o'clock, resigned his spirit into the hands of his God, 28 THOMAS JEFFERSON. Burr as Vice-President. In 1804 he was re- elected with wonderful unanimity, George Clin- ton being elected Vice-President. The early part of Mr. Jefferson's second ad- ministration was disturbed by an event which threatened the tranquillity and peace of the Union; this was the conspiracy of Aaron Burr. Defeated ill the late election to the Vice-Presidency, and led on by an unprincipled ambition, this extraor- dinary man formed the plan of a militar>- ex- pedition into the Spanish territories on our south- western frontier, for the purpose of forming there a new republic. This was generally supposed to have been a mere pretext; and although it has not been generally known what his real plans were, there is no doubt that they were of a far more dangerous character. In 1809, at the expiration of the second term for which Mr. Jefferson had been elected, he de- termined to retire from political life. For a period of nearly forty years he had been continually be- fore the public, and all that time had been em- ployed in offices of the greatest trust and respon- sibility. Having thus devoted the best part of his life to the service of his country, he now felt desirous of that rest which his declining j-ears re- quired, and upon the organization of the new ad- ministration, in March, 1809, he bade farewell for- ever to public life and retired to Monticello, his famous country home, which, next to Mt. Vernon, was the most distinguished residence in the land. The Fourth of July, 1826, being the fiftieth an- niversar>- of the Declaration of American Inde- pendence, great preparations were made in every part of the Union for its celebration as the nation's jubilee, and the citizens of Washington, to add to the solemnity of the occasion, invited Mr. Jeffer- son, as the framer and one of the few surviving signers of the Declaration, to participate in their festivities. But an illness, which had been of several weeks' duration and had been continually increasing, compelled him to decline the invita- tion. On the 2d of July the disease under which he was laboring left him, but in such a reduced state that his medical attendants entertained no hope of his recovery. From this time he was perfectly sensible that his last hour was at hand. On the next day, which was Monday, he asked of those around him the day of the month, and on being told it was the 3d of July, he ex- pressed the earnest wish that he might be per- mitted to breathe the air of the fiftieth anniver- sary. His prayer was heard — that day whose dawn was hailed with such rapture through our land burst upon his eyes, and then they were closed forever. And what a noble consummation of a noble life! To die on that day — the birth- day of a nation — the day which his own name and his own act had rendered glorious, to die amidst the rejoicings and festivities of a whole nation, who looked up to him as the author, un- der God, of their greatest blessings, was all that was wanting to fill up the recurd of his life. Almost at the same hour of his death, the kin- dred spirit of the venerable Adams, as if to bear him company, left the sceneof his earthly honors. Hand in hand they had stood forth, the cham- pions of freedom; hand in hand, during the dark and desperate struggle of the Revolution, they had cheered and animated their desponding coun- trymen; for half a century they had labored to- gether for the good of the country, and now hand in hand they departed. In their lives they had been united in the same great cause of liberty, and in their deaths they were not divided. In person Mr. Jefferson was tall and thin, rather above six feet in height, but well formed; his eyes were light, his hair, originally red, in after life be- came white and silvery, his complexion was fair, his forehead broad, and his whole countenance intelligent and thoughtful. He possessed great fortitude of mind as well as personal courage, and his command of temper was such that his oldest and most intimate friends never recollected to have seen him in a passion. His manners, though dignified, were simple and unaffected, and his hospitality was so unbounded that all found at his house a ready welcome. In conversation he was fluent, eloquent and enthusiastic, and his language was remarkably pure and correct. He was a finished classical scholar, and in his writ- ings is discernible the care with which he formed his style upon the best models of antiquity. 28 THOMAS JEFFERSON. Rurr as Vice-President. In 1804 he was re- elect eii with wonderful unauiniit}-, George Clin- ton being elected Vice-President. The early part of Mr. Jefferson's second ad- ministration was disturbed by an event which threatened the tranquilhty and peace of the Union; this was the conspiracy of Aaron Burr. Defeated In the late election to the Vice-Presidency, and led on by an unprincipled ambition, this extraor- dinary man formed the plan of a militars- ex- pedition into the Spanish territories on our south- western frontier, for the purpose of forming there a new republic. This was generally supposed to have been a mere pretext; and although it has not been generally known what his real plans were, there is no doubt that they were of a far more dangerous character. In iiSog, at the expiration of the second term for which Mr. Jefferson had been elected, he de- termined to retire from political life. For a period of nearly forty years he had been continually be- fore the public, and all that time had been em- ployed in offices of the greatest trust and respon- sibility. Having thus devoted the best part of his life to the .service of his country, he now felt desirous of that rest which his declining ^-ears re- quired, and upon the organization of the new ad- ministration, in March, 1S09, he bade farewell for- ever to public life and retired to Monticello, his famous country' home, which, next to Mt. Vernon, was the most distinguished residence in the land. The F'ourth of July, 1S26, being the fiftieth an- niversary of the Declaration of American Inde- pendence, great preparations were made in every part of the Union for its celebration as the nation's jubilee, and the citizens of Washington , to add to the solenniity of the occasion, invited Mr. Jeffer- son, as the framer and one of the few surviving signers of the Declaration, to participate in their festivities. Rut an illness, which had been of several weeks' duration and had been continually increasing, compelled him to decline the invita- tion. On the 2d of July the disease under which he was laboring left him, but in such a reduced state that his medical attendants entertained no hope of his recovery. From this time he was perfectly sensible that his last hour was at hand. On the next day, which was Monday, he asked of those around him the day of the month, and on being told it was the 3d of July, he ex- pressed the earnest wish that he might be per- mitted to breathe the air of the fiftieth anniver- sary. His prayer was heard — that day whose dawn was hailed with such rapture through our land burst upon his eyes, and then they were closed forever. And what a noble consummation of a noble life ! To die on that day — the birth- day of a nation^the day v.-hich his own name and his own act had rendered glorious, to die amidst the rejoicings and festivities of a whole nation, who looked up to him as the author, un- der God, of their greatest blessings, was all that was wanting to fill up the record of his life. Almost at the same hour of his death, the kin- dred spirit of the venerable Adams, as if to bear him company, left the sceneof his earthly honors. Hand in hand they had stood forth, the cham- pions of freedom ; hand in hand, during the dark and desperate struggle of the Revolution, they had cheered and animated their desponding coun- trymen; for half a century they had labored to- gether for the good of the country, and now hand in hand they departed. In their lives they had been united in the same great cause of liberty, and in their deaths they were not divided. In person Mr. Jefferson was tall and thin, rather above six feet in height, but well formed; his eyes were light, his hair, originally red, in after life be- came white and silverj', his complexion was fair, his forehead broad, and his whole countenance intelligent and thoughtful. He possessed great fortitude of mind as well as personal courage, and his command of temper was such that his oldest and most intimate friends never recollected to have seen him in a passion. His manners, though dignified, were simple and unaffected, and his hospitality was so unbounded that all found at his house a ready welcome. In conversation he was fluent, eloquent and enthusiastic, and his language was remarkably pure and correct. He was a finished classical scholar, and in his writ- ings is discernible the care with which he formed his style upon the best models of antiquity. ^W^' jf Cut-<^<-^ /oOC (S^i-^^'^-'i^ (/'^ JAMES MADISON. (I AMES MADISON, "Father of the Consti- I tutioii," and fourth President of the United O States, was boni March i6, 1757, and died at his home in Virginia June 28, 1836. The name of James Madison is inseparably connected with most of the important events in that heroic period of our country- during which the founda- tions of this great repubhc were laid. He was the last of the founders of the Constitution of the United States to be called to his eternal reward. The Madison family were among the early emi- grants to the New World, landing upon the shores of the Chesapeake but fifteen years after the settle- ment of Jamestown. The father of James Madison was an opulent planter, residing upon a verj- fine estate called Montpelier, in Orange County, Va. It was but twenty-five miles from the home of Jef- ferson at Monticello, and the closest personal and political attachment existed between these illustri- ous men from their early youth until death. The early education of Mr. Madison was con- ducted mostly at home under a private tutor. At the age of eighteen he was sent to Princeton Col- lege, in New Jersey. Here he applied himself to study with the most imprudent zeal, allowing him- self for months but three hours' sleep out of the twenty-four. His health thus became so seriously impaired that he never recovered any vigor of constitution. He graduated in 1 77 1 , with a feeble body, but with a character of utmost purity, and a mind highly disciplined and richly stored with learning, which embellished and gave efiiciency to his subsequent career. Returning to \'irginia, he commenced the study of law and a course of extensive and systematic reading. This educational course, the spirit of the times in which he lived, and the societj' with which he associated, all combined to inspire him with a strong love of liberty, and to train him for his life-work as a statesman. In the spring of 1776, when twenty-six years of age, he was elected a member of the Virginia Con- vention to frame the constitution of the State. The next year (1777), he was a candidate for the Gen- eral Assembly. He refused to treat the whisky-lov- ing voters, and consequently lost his election; but those who had witnessed the talent, energy and public spirit of the modest 3'oung man enlisted themselves in his behalf, and he was appointed to the Executive Council. Both Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson were Governors of Virginia while Mr. Madison re- mained member of the Council, and their apprecia- tion of his intellectual, social and moral worth contributed not a little to his subsequent eminence. In the year 17S0 he was elected a member of the Continental Congress. Here he met the most il- lustrious men in our land, and he was immediately a.ssigned to one of the most con.spicuous positions among them . For three years he continued in Con- gress, one of its most active and influential mem- bers. In 1784, his tenn having expired, he was elected a member of the Virginia Legislature. No man felt more deeply than Mr. Madison the utter inefficiency of the old confederacy, with no national government, and no power to form trea- ties which would be binding, or to enforce law. There was not any State more prominent than Virginia in the declaration that an efficient na- tional government must be formed. In January, 1786, Mr. Madi.son carried a resolution through the General Assembly of Virginia, inviting the other States to appoint commissioners to meet in convention at Annapolis to discuss this subject. Five States only were represented. The conven- tion, however, issued another call, drawn up by Mr. Madison, urging all the States to send their delegates to Philadelphia in May, 1787, to draft a Constitution for the United States, to take the place of the Confederate League. The delegates met at the time appointed. Every State but Rhode Island was represented. George Washing- 32 JAMES MADISON. ton was chosen president of the convention, and the present Constitution of the United States was then and there formed. There was, perhaps, no mind and no pen more active in framing this immortal document than the mind and the pen of James Madison. The Constitution, adopted by a vote of eighty-one to seventy-nine, was to be presented to the several States for acceptance. But grave solicitude was felt. Should it be rejected, we should be left but a ;onglomeration of independent States, with but little power at home and little respect abroad. Mr. Madison was elected by the convention to draw up an address to the people of the United States, ex- pounding the principles of the Constitution, and urging its adoption. There was great opposition to it at first, but at length it triumphed over all, and went into effect in 1789. Mr. Madison was elected to the House of Repre- sentatives in the first Congress, and soon became the avowed leader of the Republican party. While in New York attending Congress, he met Mrs. Todd, a young widow of remarkable power of fas- cination, whom lie married. She was in person and character queenly, and probaby no lady has thus far occupied so prominent a position in the verj- peculiar society which has constituted our republican court as did Mrs. Madison. Mr. Madison served as Secretarj' of State under Jefferson, and at the close of his administration was chosen President. At this time the encroach- ments of England had brought us to the verge of war. British orders in council destroyed our com- merce, and our flag was exposed to constant insult. Mr. Madison was a man of peace. Scholarly in his taste, retiring in his disposition, war had no charms for him. But the meekest spirit can be roused. It makes one's blood boil, even now, to think of an American ship brought to upon the ocean by the guns of an English cruiser. A young lieutenant steps on board and orders the crew to be paraded before him. With great non- chalance he selects any number whom he may please to designate as British subjects, orders them down the .ship's side into his boat, and places them on the gundeck of his man-of-war, to fight, by compulsion, the battles of England. This right of search and impressment no efforts of our Gov- ernment could induce the British cabinet to re- linquish. On the i8th of June, 181 2, President Madison gave his approval to an act of Congress declaring war against Great Britain. Notwithstanding the bitter hostility of the Federal party to the war, the country in general approved; and Mr. Madison, on the 4th of March, 1813, was re-elected by a large majority, and entered upon his second term of ofiice. This is not the place to describe the various adventures of this war on the land and on the water. Our infant navy then laid the found- ations of its renown in grappling with the most formidable power which ever swept the seas. The contest commenced in earnest by the appearance of a British fleet, early in February, 18 13, in Chesapeake Bay, declaring nearly the whole coast of the United States under blockade. The Emperor of Russia offered his services as mediator. America accepted; England refused. A British force of five thousand men landed on the banks of the Patuxet River, near its entrance into Chesapeake Ba}-, and marched rapidly, by way of Bladensburg, upon Washington. The stragghng little city of Washington was thrown into consternation. The cannon of the brief conflict at Bladensburg echoed through the streets of the metropolis. The whole population fled from the city. The President, leaving Mrs. Madison in the White House, with her carriage drawn up at the door to await his speedy return, hurried to meet the officers in a council of war. He met our troops utterly routed, and he could not go back without danger of being captured. But few hours elapsed ere the Presidential Mansion, the Capitol, and all the public buildings in Wash- ington were in flames. The war closed after two years of fighting, and on Febniarj' 13, 181 5, the treaty of peace was signed at Ghent. On the 4th of March, 18 17, his second term of office expired, and he resigned the Presidential chair to his friend, James Monroe. He retired to his beautiful home at Montpelier, and there passed the remainder of his days. On June 28, 1836, at the age of eighty-five years, he fell asleep in death. Mrs, Madison died July 12, 1849. \'JU JAMES MONROE. 3AM:gS MONROE, the fifth President of the ' United States, was born in Westmoreland County, Va.. April 28, 1758. His early life | \v:is passed at the place of his nativity. His an- | cestors had for many years resided in the province in which he was bom. When he was seventeen | years old, and in process of completing his educa- tion at William and Mar\- College, the Colonial Congress, assembled at Philadelphia to deliberate 1 upon the unju.st and manifold oppressions of Great ' Britain, declared the .separation of the Colonies, and i>romulgated the Declaration of Independence. Haeen one of the signers of that celebrated instniment. At this time he left school and enlisted among the pa- triots. He joined the army when everything looked hopeless and gloomy. The number of deserters increa.sed from day to day. The invading annies came pouring in, and the Tories not only favored the cause of the mother country, but disheartened the new recruits, who were sufficiently terrified at the prospect of contending with an enemy whom they had been taught to deem invincible. To such brave spirits as James Monroe, who went right onward undismayed through difficulty and danger, the United States owe their political emancipation. The young cadet joined the ranks and espoused the cause of his injured country*, with a firm detennination to live or die in her strife for liberty. Firmly, yet sadly, he shared in the melancholy retreat from Harlem Heights and White Plains, and accompanied the dispirited army as it fled before its foes through New Jersey. In four months after the Declaration of Inde- pendence, the patriots had been beaten in seven battles. At the battle of Trenton he led the van- guard, and in the act of charging upon the enemy he received a wound in the left shoulder. As a reward for his bravery, Mr. Monroe was promoteil to be captain of infantrj-, and, having re- . covered from his wounds, he rejoined the army. He, however, receded from the line of promotion by becoming an officer on the staff of Lord Ster- ling. During the campaigns of 1777 and 1778, in the actions of Brandywine, Germantown and Monmouth, he continued aide-de-camp; but be- coming desirous to regain his position in the anny, he exerted himself to collect a regiment for the Virginia line. This .scheme failed, owing to the exhausted condition of the State. Upon this failure he entered the office of Mr. Jefferson, at that period Governor, and pursued with consid- erable ardor the study of common law. He did not, however, entirely lay aside the knapsack for the green bag, but on the invasion of the enemy ser\'ed as a volunteer during the two years of his legal pursuits. In 1782 he was elected from King George County a member of the Legislature of Virginia, and by that bodj- he was elevated to a seat in the Executive Council. He was thus honored with the confidence of his fellow-citizens at twenty- three years of age, and having at this early period displayed some of that ability and aptitude fo: legislation which were afterward employed with unremitting energy for the public good, he was in the succeeding year chosen a member of the Congress of the United States. Deeply as Mr. Monroe felt the imperfections of the old Confederacy, he was opposed to the new Constitution, thinking, with many others of the Republican part)-, that it gave too much power to the Central Government, and not enough to the individual States. Still he retained the esteem of his friends who were its warm supporters, and who, notn-ithstanding his opposition, secured its adoption. In 1789 he became a member of the United States Senate, which office he held for 36 JAMES MONROE. four years. Every month the line of distinction between the two great parties which divided the nation, the Federal and the Republican, was growing more distinct. The differences which now separated them lay in the fact that the Repub- lican party was in sympathy with France, and also in favor of such a strict construction of the Constitution as to give the Central Government as . little power, and the State Governments as much power, as the Constitution would warrant; while the Federalists sympathized with England, and were in favor of a liberal construction of the Con- stitution, which would give as much power to the Central Government as that document could pos- sibly authorize. Washington was then President. England had espoused the cause of the Bourbons against the principles of the French Revolution. All Europe was drawn into the conflict. We were feeble and far away.. Washington issued a proclamation of neutrality between these contending powers. France had helped us in the struggles for our liberties. All the despotisms of Europe were now combined to prevent the French from escaping from a tyranny a thousand-fold worse than that which we had endured. Col. Monroe, more mag- nanimous than prudent, was anxious that, at whatever hazard, we should help our old allies in their extremity. It was the impulse of a gener- ous and noble nature, and Washington, who could appreciate such a character, showed his calm, se- rene, almost divine, greatness, by appointing that very James Monroe who was denouncing the pol- icy of the Government, as the minister of that Government to the Republic of France. Mr. Monroe was welcomed by the National Conven- tion in France with the most enthusiastic dem- onstration. Shortly after his return to this country, Mr. Monroe was elected Governor of Virginia, and held the office for three years. He was again sent to France to co-operate with Chancellor Liv- ingston in obtaining the vast territory then known as the province of Louisiana, which France had but shortly before obtained from Spain. Their united efforts were successful. For the compara- tively small sum of fifteen millions of dollars, the entire territory of Orleans and district of Loui- siana were added to the United States. This was probably the largest transfer of real estate which was ever made in all the history of the world. From France Mr. Monroe went to England to obtain from that country some recognition of our rights as neutrals, and to remonstrate against those odious impressments of our seamen. But England was unrelenting. He again returned to England on the same mission, but could receive no redress. He returned to his home and was again chosen Governor of Virginia. This he .soon resigned to accept the position of Secretary of State under Madison. While in this office war with England was declared, the Secretary of War resigned, and during these trying times the duties of the War Department were also put upon him. He was truly the armor-bearer of President Madison, and the mo.st efficient business man in his cabinet. Upon the return of peace he re- signed the Department of War, but continued in the office of Secretary of State until the expira- tion of Mr. Madison's administration. At the election held the previous autumn, Mr. Monroe himself had been chosen President with but little opposition, and upon March 4, 1817, he was in- augurated. Four years later he was elected for a second term. Among the important measures of his Presi- dency were the cession of Florida to the United States, the Missouri Compromise, and the famous " Monroe doctrine." This doctrine was enun- ciated by him in 1823, and was as follows: " That we should consider any attempt on the part of European powers to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety," and that " we could not view any interposition for the purpose of oppressing or controlling American governments or provinces in any other light than as a manifestation by European powers of an unfriendly disposition toward the United States." At the end of his second term, Mr. Monroe re- tired to his home in Virginia, where he lived un- til 1830, when he went to New York to live with his son-in-law. In that city he died, on the 4th of July, 1831. S. S, A^lamx^ JOHN OUINCY ADAMS. (|OHN QUINCY ADAMS, the sixth President I i)f the United States, was born in the rural v2/ liome of his honored father, John Adams, in Quincy, Mass., on tlie nth of July, 1767. His niotlier, a woman of exalted worth, watched over his childhood during the almo.st constant ab- sence of his father. When but eight years of age, he stoo-, than that of John Quincy Adams; and never, perhaps, was there an administration more unscnipulously and outrageously assailed. On the 4th of March, 1829, Mr. Adams retired from the Presidency, and was succeeded by An- drew Jackson. John C. Calhoun was elected Vice-President. The slavery question now be- gan to assume portentous magnitude. Mr. Adams returned to Quincy and to his studies, which he pursued with unabated zeal. But he was not long permitted to remain in retirement. In No- vember, 1830, he was elected Representative in Congress. For seventeen years, or until his death, he occupied the post as Representative, towering above all his peers, ever ready to do brave battle for freedom, and winning the title of "the Old Man Eloquent." Upon taking his .seat in the House, he announced that he should hold him- self bound to no party. Probably there never was a member more devoted to his duties. He was usually the fir.st in his place in the morning, and the la.st to leave his seat in the evening. Not a measure could be brought forward and es- cape his scrutiny. The battle which Mr. Adams fought, almost singly, against the pro-slavery party in the Government was sulilime in its moral daring and heroism. P'or persisting in presenting petitions for the abolition of slavery, he was threatened with indictment by the grand jury, with expuLsion from the Hou.se, with assas- sination; but no threats could intimidate him, and his final triumph was complete. On the 2ist of February, 1848, he rose on the floor of Congress with a paper in his hand, to address the speaker. Suddenly he fell, again stricken by paralysis, and was caught in the arms of those around him. For a time he was sense- , less, as he was conveyed to the sofa in the ro- tunda. With reviving consciousness, he opened his eyes, looked calmly around and said "This is the end of earth;" then after a moment's pause he added, " I am content." These were the last words of the grand ' ' Old Man Eloquent. ' ' ,.* .. 4.' ' ANDREW JACKSON. (p\ NDREW JACKSON, the seventh President LI of the United States, was bora in VVaxhaw I I settlement, N. C, March 15, 1767, a few da\s after his father's death. His parents were poor emigrants from Ireland, and took up their abt>de in Waxhaw settlement, where the^' lived in deepest poverty. Andrew, or Andy, as he was universally called, grew up a ver>- rough, rude, turbulent boy. His features wereciiarse, his form ungainly, and there was but ven.- little in his character made visible which was attractive. When only thirteen years old he joined the volunteers of Carolina against the British invasion. In 1 78 1, he and his brother Robert were captured and imprisoned for a time at Camden. A British officer ordered him to brush his mud-spattered l)ot)ts. "I am a prisoner of war, not your serv- ant," was the reply of the dauntless boy. Andrew supported himselfin various ways, such as working at the saddler's trade, teaching school, and clerking in a general store, until 1784, when he entered a law oflBce at Salisburj-, N. C. He, however, gave more attention to the wild amuse- ments of the times than to his studies. In 1788, he was appointed solicitor for the Western District of Xorth Carolina, of which Tennessee was then a part. This involved many long journeys amid dangers ofeverj' kind, but Andrew Jackson never knew fear, and the Indians had no desire to re- peat a skirmish with "Sharp Knife." In 1 79 1, Mr. Jackson was married to a woman who supposed herself divorced from her former husband. Great was the surprise of both parties, two years later, to find that the conditions of the divorce had just been definitely settled bj^ the first husband. The marriage ceremony was per- fonned a second time, but the occurrence was often used b\- his enemies to bring Mr. Jackson into disfavor. In January, 1796, the Territory of Tennessee then containing nearly eighty thousand inhabi- tants, the people met in convention at Knoxville to frame a constitution. Five were sent from each of the eleven counties. Andrew Jack.son was one of the delegates. The new State was entitled to but one member in the National House of Representatives. Andrew Jackson was chosen that member. Mounting his horse, he rode to Philadelphia, where Congress then held- its ses- sions, a distance of about eight hundred miles. Jackson was an earnest advocate of the Demo- cratic party, and Jefferson was his idol. He ad- mired Bonaparte, loved France, and hated Eng- land. As Mr. Jackson took his seat, Gen. Wash- ington, who.se second term of office was then expiring, delivered his last speech to Congress. A committee drew up a complimentar>- address in reply. Andrew Jackson did not approve of the address, and was one of the twelve who voted against it. He was not willing to say that Gen. Washington's administration had been "wise, finn and patriotic." Mr. Jackson was elected to the United States Senate in 1797, but soon resigned and returned home. Soon after he was chosen Judge of the Supreme Court of his State, which position he held for six years. When the War of 1812 with Great Britain com- menced, Madison occupied the Presidential chair. Aaron Burr sent word to the President that there was an unknown man in the West, Andrew Jack- son, who would do credit to a commission if one were conferred upon him. Just at that time Gen. Jackson offered his services and those of twenty- five hundred volunteers. His offer was accepted, and the troops were assembled at Nashville. As the British were hourly expected to make an attack upon New Orleans, where Gen. Wil- kinson was in command, he was ordered to de- 44^ scend. the river with fifteen hundred troops to aid Wilkinson. The expedition reached Natchez, and alter a delay of several weeks there without accomplishing anything, the men were ordered back to their homes. But the energy Gen. Jack- son had displayed, and his entire devotion to the comfort of his soldiers, won for him golden opin- ions, and he became the most popular man in the State. It was in this expedition that his tough- ness gave him the nickname of "Old Hickory." Soon after this, while attempting to horsewhip Col. Thomas Benton for a remark that gentleman made about his taking part as .second in a duel in which a younger brother of Benton's was en- gaged, he received two severe pistol wounds. While he was lingering upon a bed of suffering, news came that the Indians, who had combined under Tecumseh from Florida to the Lakes to ex- terminate the white settlers, were committing the most awful ravages. Decisive action became nec- essary. Gen. Jackson, with his fractured bone just beginning to heal, his arm in a sling, and unable to mount his horse without assistance, gave his amazing energies to the raising of an army to rendezvous at Fayettesville, Ala. The Creek Indians had established a strong fort on one of the bends of the Tallapoosa River, near the center of Alabama, about fifty miles be- low Ft. Strother. With an army of two thousand men, Gen. Jackson traversed the pathless wilder- ness in a march of eleven days. He reached their fort, called Tohopeka or Horse-shoe, on the 27th of March, 1814. The bend of the river enclosed nearly one hundred acres of tangled forest and wild ravine. Across the narrow neck the Indians had constructed a formidable breastwork of logs and brush. Here nine hundred warriors, with an ample supply of arms, were assembled. The fort was stormed. The fight was utterlj' desperate. Not an Indian would accept quarter. When bleeding and dying, they would fight those who endeavored to spare their lives. From ten in the morning until dark the battle raged. The carnage was awful and revolting. Some threw themselves into the river; but the unerring bul- lets struck their heads as they swam. Nearly every one of the nine hundred warriors was ANDREW JACKSON. killed. A few, probably, in the night swam the river and escaped. This ended the war. This closing of the Creek War enabled us to concentrate all our militia upon the British, who were the allies of the Indians. No man of less resolute will than Gen. Jackson could have cin- ducted this Indian campaign to so successfiU an issue. Immediately he was appointed Major- General. Late in August, with an army of two thousand men on a rushing march, Gen. Jackson went to Mobile. A British fleet went from Pensacola, landed a force upon the beach, anchored near the little fort, and from both ship and shore com- menced a furious assault. The battle was long and doubtful. At length one of the ships was blown up and the rest retired. Garrisoning Mobile, where he had taken his little army, he moved his troops to New Orleans, and the battle of New Orleans, which .soon ensued, was in reality a very arduous campaign. This won for Gen. Jackson an imperishable name. Here his troops, which numbered about four thousand men, won a signal victory over the British army of about nine thousand. His loss was but thirteen, while the loss of the British was twenty-six hundred. The name of Gen. Jackson soon began to be mentioned in connection with the Presidency, but in 1824 he was defeated by Mr. Adams. He was, however, successful in the election of 1828, and was re-elected for a second term in 1832. In 1829, just before he assumed the reins of government, he met with the most terrible affliction of his life in the death of his wife, whom he had loved with a devotion which has perhaps never been surpassed. From the shock of her death he never recovered. His administration was one of the most mem- orable in the annals of our country — applauded by one party, condemned by the other. No man had more bitter enemies or warmer friends. At the expiration of his two terms of office he retired to the Hermitage, where he died June 8, 1845. The last years of Mr. Jackson's life were those of a de- voted Christian man. '*.,.;,. ■"Sft^ ■^» o MARTIN VAN BUREN. y^ARTlN VAN BUREN, the eighth Presi- y dent of the United States, was burn at Kin- (iJ derhook, N. Y., December 5, 1782. He died at the same place, July 24, 1862. His body rests in the cemeter>- at Kinderhook. Above it is a plain granite shaft, fifteen feet high, bearing a simple inscrij)tion about half-way up on one face. The lot is unfeiiced, unbordered or unbounded by shrub or tlower. There is but little in the life of Martin Van Bureii of romantic interest. He fought no battles, engaged in no wild adventures. Though his life was stormy in political and intellectual conflicts, and he gained many signal victories, his days pa.sscd uneventful in those incidents which give ze.st to biography. His ancestors, as his name indi- cates, were of Dutch origin, and were among the earliest emigrants from Holland to the banks of the Hud.son. His father was a farmer, residing in the old town of Kinderhook. His mother, also of Dutch lineage, was a woman of superior intel- ligence and exemplary piety. He was decidedly a precocious boy, developing lunisual activity, vigor and strength of mind. At the age of fourteen, he had finished his academic studies in his native village, and commenced the study of law. As he had not a collegiate educa- tion, seven years of study in a law-office were re- quired of him before he could be admitted to the Bar. Inspired with a loftj' ambition, and con- scious of his powers, he pursued his studies with indefatigable industry-. After spending six j^ears in an office in his native village, he Avent to the city of New York, and prosecuted his studies for the seventh year. In 1803, Mr. Van Buren, then twenty-one years of age, commenced the practice of law in his na live village. The great conflict between the Federal and Republican parties was then at its height. Mr. Van Buren was from the beginning a politi- cian. He had, perhaps, imbibed that spirit while listening to the many discussions which had been carried on in his father's hotel. He was in cordial .sympathy with Jefferson, and earnestly and elo- quently espou.sed the cause of State Rights, though at that time the Federal party held the supremacy both in his town and vState. His success and increasing reputation led him after six years of practice to remove to Hudson, the county seat of his county. Here he .spent seven years, constantly gaining strength by con- tending in the courts with some of the ablest men who have adorned the Bar of his State. Just before leaving Kinderhook for Hudson, Mr. Van Buren married a lady alike distinguished for beauty and accomplishments. After twelve short years she sank into the grave, a victim of con- sumption, leaving her husband and four sons to weep over her lo.ss. For twenty-five years, Mr. Van Buren was an earne.st, successful, assiduous lawyer. The record of those years is barren in items of public interest. In 1812, when thirty years of age, he was cho.sen to the State Senate, and gave his strenuous support to Mr. Madison's administration. In 181 5, he was appointed At- torney-General, and the next year moved to Al- bany, the capital of the State. While he w^as acknowledged as one of the most prominent leaders of the Democratic party, he had the moral courage to avow that true democracy did not require that "universal suffrage' ' which admits the vile, the degraded, the ignorant, to the right MARTIN VAN BUREN. 48 of governing the State. In true consistency with his democratic principles, he contended that, while the path leading to the privilege of voting should be open to every man without distinction, no one should be invested with that sacred prerogative unless he were in some degree quaUfied for it by intelligence, virtue, and some property interests in the welfare of the State. In 1 82 1 he was elected a member of the United States Senate, and in the same year he took a seat in the convention to revise the Constitution of his native State. His course in this convention secured the approval of men of all parties. No one could doubt the singleness of his endeavors to promote the interests of all classes in the com- munity. In the Senate of the United States, he rose at once to a conspicuous position as an active and useful legislator. In 1827, John Quincy Adams being then in the Presidential chair, Mr. Van Buren was re-elected to the Senate. He had been from the beginning a determined opposer of the administration, adopt- ing the "State Rights" view in opposition to what was deemed the Federal proclivities of Mr. Adams. Soon after this, in 1S28, he was chosen Governor of the State of New York, and accordingly resigned his seat in the Senate. Probably no one in the United States contributed so much towards eject- ing John O. Adams from the Presidential chair, and placing in it Andrew Jackson, as did Martin Van Buren. Whether entitled to the reputation or not, he certainly was regarded throughout the United States as one of the most .skillful, .sagacious and cunning of politicians. It was supposed that no one knew so well as he how to touch the secret .springs of action, how to pull all the wires to put his machinery in motion, and how to organize a political army which would secretly and stealth- ily accomplish the most gigantic results. By these powers it is said that he outwitted Mr. Adams, Mr. Clay, and Mr. Webster, and secured results which lew then thought could be accomplished. When Andrew Jackson was elected President he appointed Mr. Van Buren Secretary of State. This position he resigned in 1831, and was im- mediately appointed Minister to England, where be went the .same autumn. The Senate, however, when it met, refused to ratify the nomination, and he returned home, apparently untroubled. Later he was nominated Vice-President in the place of Calhoun, at the re-election of President Jackson, and with smiles for all and frowns for none, he took his place at the head of that Senate which had refused to confirm his nomination as ambassador. His rejection by the Senate roused all the zeal of President Jackson in behalf of his repudiated favorite; and this, probably, more tlianany other cause secured his elevation to the chair_ of the Chief Executive. On the 20th of May, 1836, Mr. Van Buren received the Democratic nomination to succeed Gen. Jackson as President of the United States. He was elected by a handsome majority, to the delight of the retiring President. ' 'Leaving New York out of the canvass," says Mr. Parton, "the election of Mr. Van Buren to the Presidency was as much the act of Gen. Jack.son as though the Con.stitution had conferred upon him the power to appoint a .successor." His administration was filled with exciting events. The insurrection in Canada, which threatened to involve this country in war with England, the agitation of the slavery question, and finally the great commercial panic which spread over the country, all were trials of his wis- dom. The financial distress was attributed to the management of the Democratic party, and brought the President into such disfavor that he failed of re-election, and on the 4th of March, 1 84 1, he retired from the presidency. With the exception of being nominated for the Presidency by the "Free Soil" Democrats in 1848, Mr. Van Buren lived quietly upon his estate until his death. He had ever been a prudent man, of frugal habits, and, living within his income, had now fortunately a competence for his declining years. From his fine estate at Lindenwald, he still exerted a powerful influence upon the politics of the country. From this time until his death, on the 24th of July, 1862, at the age of eighty years, he resided at Lindenwald, a gentleman of leisure, of culture and wealth, enjoying, in a healthy old age probably far more happiness than he had before experienced amid the storni)^ scenes of his active life. ^.//^)9c <^''Z/it-'t^4r>i_^ WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. IILUAM HENRY HARRISON, the ninth I'lesident of the United States, was bom at Berkeley, Va. , February 9, 1773. His father, Benjamin Harrison, was in comparatively opulent circumstances, and was one of the most distinguished men of his day. He was an inti- mate friend of George Washington, was early elected a member of the Continental Congress, and was conspicuous among the patriots of Vir- ginia in resi.sting the encroachments of the British crown. In the celebrated Congress of 1775, Ben- jamin Harrison and John Hancock were both candidates for the office of Speaker. Mr. Harrison was subsequently chosen Gov- ernor of Virginia, and was twice re-elected. His son William Henrj-, of course, enjoyed in child- hood all the advantages which wealth and intel- lectual and cultivated society could give. Hav- ing received a thorough common-school educa- tion, he entered Hampden Sidney College, where he graduated with honor .soon after the death of his father. He then repaired to Philadelphia to study medicine under the instructions of Dr. Rush and the guardianship of Robert Morris, both of whom were, with his father, signers of the Dec- laration of Independence. Upon the outbreak of the Indian troubles, and notwith.standing the remonstrances of his friends, he abandoned his medical studies and entered the army, having obtained a commission as Ensign from President Washington. He was then but nineteen years old. From that time he passed gradually upward in rank until he became aide to Gen. Wayne, after whose death he resigned his commission. He was then appointed Secre- tary- of the Northwestern Territory. This Terri- tory was then entitled to but one member in Con- gress, and Harrison was chosen to fill that position. In the spring of 1800 the Northwestern Terri- tory was divided by Congress into two portions. The eastern portion, comprising the region now embraced in the State of Oliio, was called "The Territory northwest of the Ohio." The we.stern portion, which included what is now called Indi- ana, Illinois and Wisconsin, was called "the Indi- ana Territory." William Henrj' Harrison, then twenty-.seven years of age, was appointed by John Adams Governor of the Indiana Territory, and immediately after also Governor of Upper Loui- siana. He was thus ruler over almost as exten- sive a realm as any sovereign upon the globe. He was Superintendent of Indian Affairs, and was invested with powers nearly dictatorial over the then rapidly increasing white population. The ability and fidelity with which he discharged these responsible duties may be inferred from the fact that he was four times appointed to this office — first by John Adams, twice by Thomas Jefferson, and afterwards by President Madison. When he began his administration there were but three white settlements in that almost bound- less region, now crowded with cities and resound- ing with all the tumult of wealth and traffic. One of these settlements was on the Ohio, nearly opposite Louisville; one at Vincennes, on the Wabash; and the third was a French settlement. The vast wilderness over which Gov. Harrison reigned was filled with many tribes of Indians. About the year 1806, two extraordinary men, twin brothers of the Shawnee tribe, rose among them. One of the.se was called Tecumseh, or "the Crouching Panther;" the other OUiwa- checa, or "the Prophet." Tecumseh was not only an Indian warrior, but a man of great sagac- 52 WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. ity, far-reaching foresight and indomitable perse- verance in any enterprise in which he might en- gage. His brother, the Prophet, was an orator, who could sway the feelings of the untutored In- dians as the gale tossed the tree-tops beneath which they dwelt. With an enthusiasm unsur- passed by Peter the Hermit rousing Europe to the crusades, he went from tribe to tribe, assuming that he was specially sent by the Great Spirit. Gov. Harrison made many attempts to con- ciliate the Indians, but at last war came, and at Tippecanoe the Indians were routed with great .slaughter. October 28, 18 12, his army began its march. When near the Prophet's town, three Indians of rank made their appearance and in- quired why Gov. Harrison was approaching them in so ho.stile an attitude. After a short confer- ence, arrangements were made for a meeting the next day to agree upon terms of peace. But Gov. Harrison was too well acquainted with the Indian character to be deceived by such protestations. Selecting a favorable spot for his night's encampment, he took every precaution against surprise. His troops were posted in a hollow square and slept upon their arms. The wakeful Governor, between three and four o'clock in the morning, had risen, and was sitting in conversation with his aides by the embers of a waning fire. It was a chill, cloudy morning, with a drizzling rain. In the darkness, the In- dians had crept as near as possible, and just then, with a savage yell, rushed, with all the despera- tion which superstition and passion most highly inflamed could give, upon the left flank of the little army. The savages had been amply pro- vided with guns and ammunition by the English, and their war-whoop was accompanied by a shower of bullets. The camp-fires were instantly extinguished, as the light aided the Indians in their aim, and Gen. Harrison's troops stood as immovable as the rocks around them until day dawned, when they made a sinmltaneous charge with the bayo- net and swept everything before them, completely routing the foe. Gov. Harri.son now had all his energies tasked to the utmost. The British, descending from the Canadas, were of themselves a very formidable force, but with their savage allies rushing like wolves from the forest, burning, plundering, scalp- ing, torturing, the wide frontier was plunged into a state of consternation which even the most vivid imagination can but faintly conceive. Gen. Hull had made an ignominious surrender of his forces at Detroit. Under these despairing circumstances. Gov. Harrison was appointed by President Madi- son Commander-in-Chief of the Northwestern Army, with orders to retake Detroit and to protect the frontiers. It would be difficult to place a man in a situation demanding more energy, sagacity and courage, but he was found equal to the position, and nobly and triumphantly did he meet all the re.sponsibilities. In 1 8 16, Gen. Harrison was chosen a member of the National House of Representatives, to rep- re,sent the District of Ohio. In Congress he proved an active member, and whenever he spoke it was with a force of reason and power of eloquence which arrested the attention of all the members. In 18 19, Harrison was elected to the Senate of Ohio, and in 1824, as one of the Presidential Elec- tors of that State, he gave his vote for Henry Clay. The same year he was chosen to the Uni- ted States Senate. In 1836 his friends brought him forward as a candidate for the Presidency again.st Van Buren, but he was defeated. At the close of Mr. Van Buren's term, he was re-nom- inated by his party, and Mr. Harrison was unani- mously nominated by the Whigs, with John Tyler for the Vice- Presidency. The contest was very animated. Gen. Jackson gave all his influence to prevent Harrison's election, but his triumph was signal. The cabinet which he formed, with Daniel Web- ster at its head as Secretary of State, was one of the most brilliant with which any President had ever been surrounded. Never were the prospects of an administration more flattering, or the hopes of the country more sanguine. In the midst of these bright and joyous prospects, Gen. Harrison was seized by a pleurisy-fever, and after a few days of violent sickness died, on the 4th of April, just one month after his inauguration as President of the United States. JOHN TYLER. (TOHN TYLER, the tenth President of the I I'nited States, and was born in Charles G/ City County, \'a., March "29, 1790. He was the favored child of affluence and high social po- sition. At the early age of twelve, John entered William and Mary College, and graduated with nnich lionor when but seventeen years old. After graduating, he devoted him.self with great assi- duity to the study of law, partly with his father and partly with Edmund Randol])]!, one of the most distinguished lawyers of \'irginia. At nineteen years of age, he commenced the practice of law. His success was rapid and as- tonishing. It is said that three months had not elapsed ere there was scarcely a case on the docket of the court in which he was not retained. When but twenty-one years of age, he was almost unanimously elected to a seat in the State Legis- lature. He connected him.self with the Demo- cratic party, and wannly advocated the measures of Jefferson and Madison. For five successive years he was elected to the Legislature, receiving nearly the unanimous vote of his county. When but twenty-six years of age, he was elected a Member of Congress. Here he acted ear- nestly and ably with the Democratic party, oppos- ing a national bank, internal improvements by the General Government, and a protective tariff; advocating a strict construction of the Constitu- tion and the most careful vigilance over State rights. His labors in Congress were so arduous that before the close of his second term he found it necessarj- to resign and retire to his estate in Charles City County to recruit his health. He, however, soon after consented to take his seat in the State Legislature, where his influence was powerful in promoting public works of great utility. With a reputation thus constantly in- creasing, he was chosen by a very large majority of votes Governor of his native State. His ad- ministration was a signally successful one, and his popularity secured his re-election. John Randolph, a brilliant, erratic, half-crazed man, then representetl \'irginia in the Senate of the United States. A portion of the Democratic party was displeased with Mr. Randolph's way- ward course, and brought forward John Tyler as his opponent, considering him the only man in Yirginia of sufficient popularity to succeed against the renowned orator of Roanoke. Mr. Tyler was the victor. In accordance with his professions, upon tak- I ing his .seat in the Senate he joined the ranks of the opposition. He opposed the tariff, and spoke against and voted against the bank as unconsti- tutional; he strenuously opposed all restrictions upon slavery, resisting all projects of internal im- provements by the General Govermnent, and avowed his symjiathy with Mr. Calhoun's view I of nullification; he declared that Gen. Jackson, by his opposition to the nullifiers, had abandoned the principles of the Democratic party. Such was Mr. Tyler's record in Congress — a record in perfect accordance with the principles which he had always avowed. Returning to Virginia, he resumed the practice of his profession. There was a split in the Demo- cratic party. His friends still regarded him as a true Jeffersonian, gave him a dinner, and show- ered compliments upon him. He had now at- tained the age of forty-six, and his career had been very brilliant. In consequence of his devotion to public business, his private affairs had fallen into some disorder, and it was not without satisfac- tion that he resumed the practice of law, and de- voted himself to the cultivation of his plantation. Soon after this he removed to Williamsburg, for the better education of his children, and he again took his seat in the Legislature of Virginia. By the southern W^higs he was sent to the national convention at Harrisburg in 1839 to nom- inate a President. The majority of votes were given to Gen Harrison, a genuine Whig, much to the disappointment of the South, which wished 56 JOHN TYLER. for Henr>^ Cla}'. To conciliate the southern Whigs and to secure their vote, the convention then nominated John Tyler for Vice-President. It was well known that he was not in sympathy with the Whig party in the North; but the Vice- President has ver>' little power in the Govern- ment, his main and almost only duty being to preside over the meetings of the Senate. Thus it happened that a Whig President and, in realitj', a Democratic Vice-President were chosen. In 1841, Mr. Tyler was inaugurated Vice- President of the United States. In one short month from that time, President Harrison died, and Mr. Tj'ler thus found himself to his own surprise and that of the whole nation, an occu- pant of the Presidential chair. Hastening from Williamsburg to Washington, on the 6th of April he was inaugurated to the high and re- sponsible office. He was placed in a position of exceeding delicacy and difficultj'. All his long life he had been opposed to the main principles of the party which had brought him into power. He had ever been a consistent, honest man, with an unblemished record. Gen. Harrison had se- lected a Whig cabinet. Should he retain them, and thus surround himself with counselors whose views were antagonistic to his own ? or, on the other hand, should he turn against the party which had elected him, and select a cabinet in harmony with himself, and which would oppose all those views which the Whigs deemed essen- tial to the public welfare ? This was his fearful dilemma. He invited the cabinet which Presi- dent Harrison had selected to retain their seats, and recommended a day of fasting and prayer, that God would guide and bless us. The Whigs carried through Congress a bill for the incorporation of a fiscal bank of ^he United States. The President, after ten days' delay, re- turned it with his veto. He suggested, however, that he would approve of a bill drawn up upon such a plan as he proposed. Such a bill was ac- cordingly prepared, and privately submitted to him. He gave it his approval. It was passed without alteration, and he sent it back with his veto. Here commenced the open rupture. It is said that Mr. Tyler was provoked to this meas- ure by a published letter from the Hon. John M. Botts, a distinguished \'irginia Whig, who se- verely touched the pride of the President. The opposition now exiiltingly received the President into their arms. The party which elected him denounced him bitterly. All the members of his cabinet, excepting Mr. Webster, resigned. The Whigs of Congress, both the Senate and the House, held a meeting and issued an address to the people of the United States, proclaiming that all political alliance between the Whigs and President Tyler was at an end. Still the President attempted to conciliate. He appointed a new cabinet of distinguished Whigs and Conservatives, carefully leaving out all strong party men. Mr. Webster soon found it necessary to resign, forced out by the pressure of his Whig friends. Thus the four years of Mr. Tyler's un- fortunate administration passed sadly away. No one was satisfied. The land was filled with mur- murs and vituperation. Whigs and Democrats alike assailed him. More and more, however, he brought himself into sympath}' with his old friends, the Democrats, until at the close of his term he gave his whole influence to the .support of Mr. Polk, the Democratic candidate for his successor. On the 4th of March, 1845, President Tyler re- tired from the harassments of office, to the regret of neither party, and probably to his own unspeak- able relief The remainder of his days were passed mainly in the retirement of his beautiful home — Sherwood Forest, Charles City County, Va. His first wife, Miss Letitia Christian, died in Washington in 1842; and in June, 1S44, he was again married, at New York, to Miss Julia Gardiner, a young lady of many personal and intellectual accomplishments. When the great Rebellion rose, which the State Rights and nullifying doctrines of John C. Calhoun had inaugurated. President Tyler re- nounced his allegiance to the United States, and joined the Confederates. He was chosen a mem- ber of their Congress, and while engaged in active measures to destroy, by force of arms, the Government over which he had once presided, he was taken sick and soon died. i 'i^'wM .j^:^ JAMES K. POLK. (I AMES K. POLK, the eleventh President of I the United States, was boni in Mecklenburgh C2/ County, N. C, November 2, 1795. His parents were Samuel and Jane (Knoxj Polk, the former a son of Col. Thomas Polk, who located at the above place, as one of the fir.st pioneers, in 1735. In 1806, with his wife and children, and soon after followed b>- most of tlie members of the , Polk family, Samuel Polk emigrated some two or three hundred miles farther west, to the rich val- ley of the Duck River. Here, in the midst of the wilderness, in a region whicli was sub.secjuently called Maur>- County, they erected their log huts and establishetl their homes. In the hard toil of a new fann in the wilderness, James K. Polk .spent the early years of his childhood and youth. His father, adding the pursuit of a surveyor to that of a farmer, gradually increa.sed in wealth, until he liecame one of the leading men of the • region. His mother was a superior woman, of strong common .seiuse and eanie.st piety. j Very earh- in Ufe James developed a taste for reading, and expressed the strongest desire to ob- tain a liberal education. His mother's training i had made him methodical in his habits, had taught him punctuality and industry, and had inspired him with lofty principles of morality. His health was frail, and his father, fearing that he might not be able to endure a sedentary life, got a situation ; for him behind the counter, hoping to fit him for commercial pursuits. 1 This was to James a bitter disappointment. He | had no taste for these duties, and his daily tasks ' were irksome in the extreme. He remained in this ; uncongenial occupation but a few w-^ks, when, at his earnest solicitation, his favUer removed him and made arrangements for him to pros- ecute his studies. Soon after he .sent him to Mur- freesboro Academy. With ardor which could scarcely be surpassed, he pressed forward in his I studies, and in less than two and a-half j^eirs, in the autumn of 18 15, entered the sophomore class in the I'niver.sity of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill. Here he was one of the most exemplary of scholars, punctual in ever>- exercise, never allow- ing himself to be absent from a recitation or a religious service. Mr. Polk graduated in 18 18, with the highest honors, being deemed the best .scholar of his class, both in mathematics and the classics. He was then twenty-three years of age. His health was at this time much impaired by the assiduity with whicli he had prosecuted his studies. After a short season of relaxation, he went to Na.shville, and entered the office of Felix Grundy, to .study law. Here Mr. Polk renewed his acquaintance with Andrew Jack.son, who resided on his planta- tion, the " Hermitage," but a few miles from Nashville. They had probably been slightly ac- quainted before. Mr. Polk's fatherwas a Jeffersonian Republican and James K. adhered to the .same political faith. He was a popular public speaker, and was con- stantlj- called upon to address the meetings of his party friends. His skill as a speaker was such that he was popularly called the Napoleon of the stump. He was a man of unblemished morals, genial and courteous in his bearing, and with that sympathetic nature in the joys and griefs of oth- ers whicli gave him hosts of friends. In 1823, he was elected to the Legislature of Tennessee, and gave his .strong influence toward the election of his friend, Mr. Jackson, to the Presidency of the United States. In January-, 1824, Mr. Polk married MissSarah Childress, of Rutherford County, Tenn. His bride was altogether worthy of him — a lady of beauty and culture. In the fall of 1825 Mr. Polk was chosen a member of Congress, and the satis- faction he gave his constituents may be inferred 6o JAMES K. POI.K. from the fact, that for fourteen successive years, or until 1839, he was continued in that office. He then voluntarily withdrew, only that he might accept the Gubernatorial chair of Tennessee. In Congress he was a laborious member, a frequent and a popular speaker. He was always in his seat, always courteous, and whenever he spoke it was always to the point, without any ambitious rhetorical display. During five sessions of Congress Mr. Polk was Speaker of the House. Strong passions were roused and stormy scenes were witnessed, but he performed his arduous duties to a very general satisfaction, and a unanimous vote of thanks to him was passed by the House as he withdrew on the 4th of March, 1839. In accordance with Southern usage, Mr. Polk, as a candidate for Governor, canvassed the State. He was elected by a large majority, and on Octo- ber 14, 1839, took the oath of office at Nashville. In 1 841 his term of office expired, and he was again the candidate of the Democratic party, but was defeated. On the 4th of March, 1845, Mr. Polk was in- augurated President of the United States. The verdict of the country in favor of the annexation of Texas exerted its influence upon Congress, and the last act of the administration of President Tyler was to affix his signature to a joint resolu- tion of Congress, passed on the 3d of March, ap- proving of the annexation of Texas to the Union. As Mexico still claimed Texas as one of her provinces, the Mexican Minister, Almonte, im- mediately demanded his passports and left the country, declaring the act of the annexation to be an act hostile to Mexico. In his first message. President Polk urged that Texas should immediately, by act of Congress, be received into the Union on the same footing with the other States. In the mean time. Gen. Taylor was sent with an army into Texas to hold the country. He was first sent to Nueces, which the Mexicans said was the western boundary of Tex- as. Then he was sent nearly two hundred miles further west, to the Rio Grande, where he erected batteries which commanded the Mexican city of Matamoras, which was situated on the western banks. The anticipated collision soon took place, and war was declared against Mexico by President Polk. The war was pushed forward by his ad- ministration with great vigor. Gen. Taylor, whose army was first called one of ' ' obser\'ation, ' ' then of "occupation," then of "invasion," was sent forward to Monterey. The feeble Mexicans in every encounter were hopelessly slaughtered. The day of judgment alone can reveal the misery' which this war caused. It was by the ingenuity of Mr. Polk's administration that the war was brought on. "To the victors belong the spoils." Mexico was prostrate before us. Her capital was in our hands. We now consented to peace upon the condition that Mexico should surrender to us, in addition to Texas, all of New Mexico, and all of Upper and Lower California. This new demand embraced, exclusive of Texas, eight hundred thousand square miles. This was an extent of territory equal to nine Stales of the size of New York. Thus slavery was securing eighteen ma- jestic States to be added to the Union. There were some Americans who thought it all right; there were others who thought it all wrong. In the prosecution of this war we expended twenty thousand lives and more than $100,000,000. Of this money $15,000,000 were paid to Mexico. On the 3d of March, 1849, Mr. Polk retired from office, having served one term. The next day was Sunday. On the 5th, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated as his successor. Mr. Polk rode to the Capitol in the same carriage with Gen. Tay- lor, and the same evening, with Mrs. Polk, he commenced his return to Tennessee. He was then but fifty-four years of age. He had always been strictly temperate in all his habits, and his health was good. With an ample fortune, a choice library, a cultivated mind, and domestic ties of the dearest nature, it .seemed as though long years of tranquillity and happiness were be- fore him. But the cholera — that fearful scourge — was then sweeping up the Valley of the Mi.ssis- sippi, and he contracted the disease, dying on the 15th of June, 1849, in the fifty-fourth year of his age, greatly mourned by his countrj'men. e recorded of the uneventful years of his childhood on his father's large but lonely plantation. In 1 80S, his father succeeded in obtaining for him a commission as Lieutenant in the United ! States annj-, and he joined the troops which were stationed at New Orleans under Gen. Wilkinson. Soon after this he married Miss Margaret Smith, a young lady from one of the first families of Manland. Immediately after the declaration of war with England, in 181 2, Capt. Taylor (for he had then been promoted to that rank) was put in command of Ft. Harrison, on the Wabash, about fifty miles above Yincennes. This fort had been built in the wilderness by Gen. Harrison, on his march to Tippecanoe. It was one of the first points of at- tack by the Indians, led by Tecumseh. Its garri- son consisted of a broken company- of infantry, numbering fifty men, many of whom were sick. Early in the autumn of 181 2, the Indians, stealthily, and in large numbers, moved upon the fort. Their approach was first indicated by the murder of two soldiers just outside of the stockade. Capt. Taylor made every possible preparation to meet the anticipated assault. On the 4th of Sep- tember, a band of forty painted and plumed sav- ages came to the fort, waving a white flag, and informed Capt. Taylor that in the morning their chief would come to have a talk with him. It was evident that their object was merelj' to ascer- tain the .state of things at the fort, and Capt. Taylor, well versed in the wiles of the savages, kept them at a distance. The sun went down; the savages disappeared; the garrison slept upon their arms. One hour before midnight the war-whoop burst from a thousand lips in the forest around, followed by the discharge of musketry and the rush of the foe. Every man, sick and well, sprang to his post. Every man knew that defeat was not merely death, but, in the case of capture, death by the most agonizing and prolonged torture. No pen can describe, no imagination can conceive, the scenes which ensued. The savages succeeded in setting fire to one of the block-houses. Until six o'clock in the morning this awful conflict con- tinued, when the savages, baffled at every point and gnashing their teeth with rage, retired. Capt. Taylor, for this gallant defense, was pro- moted to the rank of Major by brevet. Until the close of the war, Maj. Taylor was placed in such situations that he saw but little more of active service. He was sent far away into the depths of the wilderness to Ft. Craw- ford, on Fox River, which empties into Green Bay. Here there was little to be done but to wear away the tedious hours as one best could. There were no books, no society, no intellectual stimulus. Thus with him the uneventful years rolled on. Gradually he rose to the rank of Colonel. In the Black Hawk War, which re- 64 ZACHARY TAYLOR. suited in the capture of that renowned chieftain, Col. Taylor took a subordinate, but a brave and efficient, part. For twenty-four years Col. Taylor was engaged in the defense of the frontiers, in scenes so re- mote, and in employments so obscure, that his name was unknown beyond the limits of his own immediate acquaintance. In the year 1836, he was sent to Florida to compel the Seminole Indi- ans to vacate that region, and retire bej-ond the Mississippi, as their chiefs by treaty had prom- ised they should do. The services rendered here secured for Col. Taylor the high appreciation of the Government, and as a reward he was ele- vated to the high rank of Brigadier-General by brevet, and soon after, in May, 1838, was ap- pointed to the chief command of the United States troops in Florida. After two years of wearisome employment amidst the everglades of the Peninsula, Gen. Tay- lor obtained, at his own request, a change of command, and was stationed over the Department of the Southwest. This field embraced Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Georgia. Establishing his headquarters at Ft. Jessup, in Louisiana, he removed his family to a plantation which he pur- chased near Baton Rouge. Here he remained for five years, buried, as it were, from the world, but faithfully discharging every duty imposed upon liim. In 1846, Gen. Taylor was sent to guard the land between the Nueces and Rio Grande, the latter river being the boundary of Texas, which was then claimed by the United States. Soon the war with Mexico was brought on, and at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, Gen. Taylor won brilliant victories over the Mexicans. The rank of Major-General by brevet was then conferred upon Gen. Taylor, and his name was received with enthusiasm almost everywhere in the na- tion. Then came the battles of Monterey and Buena Vista, in which he won signal victories over forces much larger than he commanded. The tidings of the brilliant victory of Buena Vista spread the wildest enthusiasm over the country. The name of Gen. Taylor was on every one's lips. The Whig party decided to take advantage of this wonderful popularity in bringing forward the unpolished, unlettered, hon- est soldier as their candidate for the Presidency. Gen. Taylor was astonished at the announce- ment, and for a time would not listen to it, de- claring that he was not at all qualified for such an office. So little interest had he taken in poli- tics, that for forty years he had not cast a vote. It was not without chagrin that several distin- guished statesmen, who had been long years in the public service, found their claims set aside in behalf of one whose name had never been heard of, save in connection with Palo Alto, Resaca de la Palma, Monterey and Buena Vista. It is said that Daniel Webster, in his haste, remarked, " It is a nomination not fit to be made." Gen. Taylor was not an eloquent speaker nor a fine writer. His friends took possession of him, and prepared such few communications as it was needful should be presented to the public. The popularity of the successful warrior swept the land. He was triumphantly elected over two opposing candidates, — Gen. Cass and Ex-Presi- dent Martin Van Buren. Though he selected an excellent cabinet, the good old man found liim.self in a very uncongenial position, and was at times sorely perplexed and harassed. His mental suf- ferings were very severe, and probabl)' tended to hasten his death. The pro-slavery party was pushing its claims with tireless energy; expedi- tions were fitting out to capture Cuba; California was pleading for admission to the Union, while slavery stood at the door to bar her out. Gen. Taj'lor found the political conflicts in Washington to be far more trying to the nerves than battles with Mexicans or Indians. In the midst of all these troubles, Gen. Taylor, after he had occupied the Presidential chair but little over a year, took cold, and after a brief sickness of but little over five days, died, on the 9th of Jul j\ 1850. His last words were, "I am not afraid to die. I am ready. I have endeav- ored to do my duty." He died universally re- spected and beloved. An honest, unpretending man, he had been steadily growing in the affec- tions of the people, and the Nation bitterly la- mented his death. # 'CCa,,cC '^^^^'(TiO MILLARD FILLMORE. y yi ILLARD FILLMORE, thirteenth President y of the United States, was born at Summer y Hill, Cayuga County, N. Y., on the 7th of January, 1 800. His father was a farmer, and, owing to misfortune, in humble circumstances. Of his mother, the daughter of Dr. Abiathar Millard, of Pittsfield, Ma.ss. , it has been said that she po.s- sessed an intellect of a high order, united with much personal loveliness, sweetness of disposi- tion, graceful juanners and exquisite sensibilities. She died in 1S31, having livetl to see her son a young man of distinguished promise, though she was not permitted to witness the high dignity which he finally attained. In consequence of the secluded home and limited means of his father, Millard enjoyed but slender advantages for education in his early years. The common schools, which he occasionally attended, were very imperfect institutions, and b(K)ks were .scarce and expensive. There was nothing then in his character to indicate the brilliant career upon which he was about to enter. He was a plain farmer's boy — intelligent, good-looking, kind-hearted. The sacred influences of home had taught him to revere the Bible, and had laid the foundations of an upright character. When fourteen j'cars of age, his father sent him some hundred miles from home to the then wilds of Living.ston Count}-, to leani the trade of a clothier. Near the mill there was a small village, where some enterprising man had commenced the col- lection of a village library. This proved an in- estimable blessing to young Fillmore. His even- ings were spent in reading. Soon ever\- leisure moment was occupied with books. His thir.st for knowledge became in.satiate, and the selections which he made were continually more elevating and instructive. He read history, biography, oratory, and thus gradually there was enkindled in his heart a desire to be something more than a mere worker with his hands. The young clothier had now attained the age of nineteen years, and was of fine personal appear- ance and of gentlemanly demeanor. It so hap- pened that there was a gentleman in the neigh- borhood of ample pecuniary means and of benev- olence, — ^Judge Walter Wood, — who was struck with the prepo.ssessing appearance of young Fill- more. He made his acquaintance, and was so much impressed with his abilitj' and attainments that he advised him to abandon his trade and de- vote him.self to the study of the law. The young man replied that he had no means of his own, no friends to help him, and that his previous edu- cation had hcQu very imperfect. But Judge Wood had .so much confidence in him that he kindly offered to take him into his own office, and to lend him such money as he needed. Most grate- fully the generous offer was accepted. There is in many minds a strange delusion about a collegiate education. A jonng man is suppo.sed to be liberallj- educated if he has gradu- ated at .some college. But many a boy who loi- ters through university halls and then enters a law office is by no means as well prepared to prosecute his legal .studies as was Millard Fill- more when he graduated at the clothing-mill at the end of four j-ears of manual labor, during which every leisure moment had been devoted to intense mental culture. In 1823, when twenty-three years of age, he was admitted to the Court of Common Pleas. He then went to the village of Aurora, and com- menced the practice of law. In this secluded, quiet region, his practice, of course, was limited, and there was no opportunity for a sudden rise in fortune or in fame. Here, in 1826, he married a lady of great moral worth, and one capable of MILLARD FILLMORE. adorning any station she might be called to fill, — Miss Abigail Powers. His elevation of character, his untiring industry', his legal acquirements, and his skill as an advo- cate, gradually attracted attention, and he was invited to enter into partnership, under highly ad- vantageous circumstances, with an elder member of the Bar in Buffalo. Just before removing to Buffalo, in 1829, he took his seat in the House of Assembly of the State of New York, as a Repre- sentative from Erie County. Though he had never taken a very active part in politics, his vote and sympathies were with the Whig party. The State was then Democratic, and he found himself =n a helpless minority in the Legislature; still the testimony comes from all parties that his courtesy, ability and integrity won, to a verj' unusual de- gree, the respect of his associates. In the autumn of 1832, he was elected to a seat in the United States Congress. He entered that troubled arena in the most tumultuous hours of our national history, when the great conflict respecting the national bank and the removal of the deposits was raging. His term of two years closed, and he returned to his profession, which he pursued with increas- ing reputation and success. After a lapse of two years he again became a candidate for Congress; was re-elected, and took his seat in 1837. His past experience as a Representative gave him strength and confidence. The first term of service in Congress to any man can be but little more than an introduction. He was now prepared for active duty. All his energies were brought to bear upon the public good. Every measure re- ceived his impress. Mr. Fillmore wf.; now a man of wide repute, and his popularity filled the State. In the year 1847, when he had attained the age of forty- seven years, he was elected Comptroller of the State. His labors at the Bar, in the Legisla- ture, in Congress and as Comptroller, had given him very considerable fame. The Whigs were casting about to find suitable candidates for Presi- dent and Vice-President at the approaching elec- tion. Far away on the waters of the Rio Grande, there was a rough old soldier, who had fought one or two successful battles with the Mexicans, which had caused his name to be proclaimed in trumpet-tones all over the land as a candidate for the presidency. But it was necessary to associate with him on the same ticket some man of repu- tation as a statesman. Under the influence of these considerations, the names of Zacharj' Taylor and Millard Fillmore became the rallying-cry of the Whigs, as their candidates for President and Vice-Pre.sident. The Whig ticket was signally triumphant. On the 4th of March, 1849, Gen. Taylor was inaugurated President, and Millard Fillmore Vice-President, of the United States. On the 9th of July, 1850, President Taylor, about one year and four months after his inaugura- tion, was suddenly taken sick and died. By the Constitution, Vice-President Fillmore thus be- came President. He appointed a ver>' able cabi- net, of which the illustrious Daniel Webster was Secretary of State; nevertheless, he had serious difficulties to contend with, since the opposition had a majority in both Houses. He did all in his power to conciliate the South; but the pro-slavery party in the South felt the inadequacy of all measures of transient conciliation. The popula- tion of the free States was so rapidly increasing over that of the slave States, that it was inevitable that the power of the Government should soon pass into the hands of the free States. The fa- mous compromise measures were adopted under Mr. Fillmore's administration, and the Japan ex- pedition was sent out. On the 4tli of March, 1853, he, having served one term, retired. In 1856, Mr. Fillmore was nominated for the Presidency by the "Know-Nothing" party, but was beaten by Mr. Buchanan. After that Mr. Fillmore lived in retirement. During the terri- ble conflict of civil war, he was mostly silent. It was generally supposed that his sympathies were rather with those who were endeavoring to over- throw our institutions. President Fillmore kept aloof from the conflict, without any cordial words of cheer to one party or the other. He was thus forgotten by both. He lived to a ripe old age, and died in Buffalo, N. Y., March 8, 1874. I FRANKLIN PIERCE. r"RANKLIN PIERCE, the fourteenth Presi- r^ dent of the United States, was bom in Hills- I horongh, N. H., November 23, 1804. His father was a Revolutionary- soldier, who with his own strong arm hewed out a home in the wilder- ness. He was a man of inflexible integrity, of strong, though uncultivated, mind, and was an un- compromising Democrat. The mother of Frank- lin Pierce was all that a son could desire — an in- telligent, prudent, affectionate, Christian woman, j Franklin, who was the sixth of eight children, j was a remarkably bright and handsome boy, generous, warm-hearted and brave. He won , alike the love of old and young. The boys on the play-ground loved him. His teachers loved ' him. The neighbors looked upon him with pride ; and affection. He was by instinct a gentleman, 1 always speaking kind words, and doing kind deeds, with a peculiar, unstudied tact which taught him what was agreeable. Without de- veloping any precocity of genius, or any unnatural devotion to books, he was a good scholar, and in body and mind a finely developed boy. When sixteen years of age, in the year 1820, he entered Bowdoin College, at Brunswick, Me. He was one of the most popular young men in the college. The purity of his moral character, the unvarying courtesy of his demeanor, his rank as a scholar, and genial nature, rendered him a universal favorite. There was something pe- culiarly winning in his address, and it was evi- dently not in the slightest degree studied — it was the simple outgushing of his own magnanimous and loving nature. Upon graduating, in the year 1824, Franklin Pierce commenced the study of law in the office of Judge Woodburj-, one of the most distinguished lawyers of the State, and a man of great private worth. The eminent social qualities of the young lawyer, his father's prominence as a public man, and the brilliant political career into which Judge Woodbury was entering, all tended to entice Mr. Pierce into the fascinating yet perilous path of pohtical life. With all the ardor of his nature he espoused the cause of Gen. Jackson for the Presi- dency. He commenced the practice of law in Hillsborough, and was soon elected to represent the town in the State Legislature. Here he served for four years. The last two years he was chosen Speaker of the House by a very large vote". In 1833, at the age of twenty-nine, he was elected a member of Congress. In 1837, being then but thirty-three years old, he was elected to the Senate, taking his seat ju.st as Mr. Van Buren commenced his administration. He was the youngest member in the Senate. In the year 1834, he married Miss Jane Means Appleton, a lady of rare beauty and accomplishments, and one admirably fitted to adorn every station with which her hu.sband was honored. Of the three sons who were born to them, all now sleep with their par- ents in the grave. In the year 1838, Mr. Pierce, with growing fame and increasing business as a lawyer, took up his residence in Concord, the capital of New Hampshire. President Polk, upon his accession to office, appointed Mr. Pierce Attornej^-General of the United States; but the offer was declined in consequence of numerous professional engage- ments at home, and the precarious state of Mrs. Pierce's health. He also, about the same time, declined the nomination for Governor by the Democratic party. The war with Mexico called 72 FRANKLIN PIERCE. Mr. Pierce into the army. Receiving the appoint- ment of Brigadier-General, he embarked with a portion of his troops at Newport, R. I., on the 27th of May, 1847. He took an important part in this war, proving himself a brave and true sol- dier. When Gen. Pierce reached his home in his na- tive State, he was received enthusiastically by the advocates of the Mexican War, and coldly by his opponents. He resumed the practice of his pro- fession, very frequently taking an active part in political questions, giving his cordial support to the pro-slavery wing of the Democratic party. The compromise measures met cordially with his approval, and he strenuously advocated the en- forcement of the infamous Fugitive Slave Law, which so shocked the religious sensibilities of the North. He thus became distinguished as a " Northern man with Southern principles." The strong partisans of slavery in the South conse- quently regarded him as a man whom thej- could safely trust in office to carry out their plans. On the 12th of June, 1852, the Democratic con- vention met in Baltimore to nominate a candidate for the Presidency. For four days they contin- ued in session, and in thirty-five ballotings no one had obtained a two-thirds vote. Not a vote thus far had been thrown for Gen. Pierce. Then the Virginia delegation brought forward his name. There were fourteen more ballotings, during which Gen. Pierce constantly gained strength, until, at the forty-ninth ballot, he received two hundred and eighty-two votes, and all other candidates eleven. Gen. Winfield Scott was the Whig can- didate. Gen. Pierce was chosen with great una- nimity. Only four States — Vermont, Massachu- setts, Kentucky and Tennessee — cast their elec- toral votes against him. Gen. Franklin Pierce was therefore inaugurated President of the United States on the 4th of March, 1853. His administration proved one of the most stormy our country had ever experienced. The controversy between slavery and freedom was then approaching its culminating point. It be- came evident that there was to be an irrepressible conflict between them, and that this nation could not long exist ' ' half slave and half free. ' ' President Pierce, during the whole of his admin- istration, did every thing he could to conciliate the Sotith; but it was all in vain. The conflict every year grew more violent, and threats of the disso- lution of the Union were borne to the North on every Southern breeze. Such was the condition of affairs when Presi- dent Pierce approached the close of his four- years term of office. The North had become thoroughly alienated from him. The anti-slavery sentiment, goaded by great outrages, had been rapidly increasing; all the intellectual ability and social worth of President Pierce were forgotten in deep reprehension of his administrative acts. The slaveholders of the South also, uinnindful of the fidelity with which he had advocated those meas- ures of Government which they approved, and perhaps feeling that he had rendered himself so unpopular as no longer to be able to accepta- bly serve them, ungratefully dropped him, and nominated James Buchanan to succeed him. On the 4th of March, 1857, President Pierce re- turned to his home in Concord. His three chil- dren were all dead, his last surviving child hav- ing been killed before his eyes in a railroad acci- dent; and his wife, one of the most estimable and accomplished of ladies, was rapidly sinking in consumption. The hour of dreadful gloom sooti came, and he was left alone in the world without wife or child. When the terrible Rebellion burst forth which divided our countrj- into two parties, and two only, Mr. Pierce remained steadfast in the prin- ciples which he had always cherished, and gave his sympathies to that pro-slaver>' party with which he had ever been allied. He declined to do anything, either by voice or pen, to strengthen the hand of the National Government. He con- tinued to reside in Concord until the time of his death, which occurred in October, 1869. He was one of the most genial and social of men, an hon- ored communicant of the Episcopal Church, and one of the kindest of neighbors. Generous to a fault, he contributed liberally toward the allevia- tion of suffering and want, and many of his towns-people were often gladdened by his material bounty. ^2y^??Z^^ ??-£^^72/:P JAMES BUCHANAN. 3 AMES BUCHANAN, the fifteenth President of the United States, was boni in a small frontier town, at the foot of the eastern ridge of the Alleghanies, in Franklin County, Pa., on the 23d of April, 1791. The place where the humble cabin home slootl was called Stony Bat- ter. His father was a native of the north of Ire- land, who had emigrated in 1783, with little prop- erty save his own .strong arms. Five years after- ward he married Elizabeth Spear, the daughter of a respectable fanner, and, with his young bride, plunged into the wilderness, staked his claim, reared his log hut, opened a clearing with his axe, and settled down there to perform his obscure part in the drama of life. When James was eight years of age, his father removed to the village of Mercersburg, where his son was placed at school, and commenced a course of .study in English, Latin and Greek. His progress was rapid, and at the age of fourteen he entered Dickinson Col- lege, at Carlisle. Here he developed remarkable talent, and took his stand among the first scholars in the institution. In the year ."-^-i he graduated with the high- est honors of his class He was then eighteen years of age; tall and graceful, \'igorous in health, fond of athletic sports, an unerring shot, and en- livened with an exuberant flow of animal .spirits. He immediately commenced the study of law in the city of Lancaster, and was admitted to the Bar in 181 2, when he was bu. twenty-one years of age. In 1820. he reluctantly consented to run as a candidate for Congress. He was elected, and for ten years he remained a member of the Lower House. During thp vacations of Congress, he occasionally tried .some important case. In 183 1 he retired altogether from the toils of his profes- sion, having acquired an ample fortune. Gen. Jackson, upon his elevation to the Presi- dency, appointed Mr. Buchanan Minister to Rus- sia. The duties of his mission he performed with ability, and gave satisfaction to all parties. Upon his return, in 1833, he was elected to a seat in the United States Senate. He there met as his associates Webster, Clay, Wright and Cal- houn. He advocated the measures proposed by President Jack.son, of making reprisals against France to enforce the payment of our claims against that country, and defended the course of the President in his unprecedented and wholesale removal from office of those who were not the supporters of his administration. Upon this question he was brought into direct collision with Henry Clay. He also, with voice and vote, ad- vocated expunging from the journal of the Senate the vote of censure against Gen. Jack.son for re- moving the deposits. Earnestly he opposed the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, and urged the prohibition of the circulation of anti-slavery documents by the United States mails. As to petitions on the subject of slavery, he advocated that they should be respectfully re- ceived, and that the reply should be returned that Congress had no power to legislate upon the subject. " Congress," said he, "might as well undertake to interfere with slavery under a for- eign government as in any of the States where it now exists. ' ' Upon Mr. Polk's accession to the Presidency, Mr. Buchanan became Secretary of State, and as such took his share of the responsibility in the 76 JAMES BUCHANAN. conduct of the Mexican War. Mr. Polk assumed that crossing the Nueces by the American troops into the disputed territory was not wrong, but for the "Mexicans to cross the Rio Grande into Texas was a declaration of war. No candid man can read with pleasure the account of the course our Government pursued in that movement. Mr. Buchanan identified himself thoroughly with the party devoted to the perpetuation and extension of slavery, and brought all the energies of his mind to bear against the Wilmot Proviso. He gave his cordial approval to the compromise measures of 1850, which included the Fugitive Slave Law. Mr. Pierce, upon his election to the Presidency, honored Mr. Buchanan with the mis- sion to England. In the year 1856, a national Democratic Con- vention nominated Mr. Buchanan for the Presi- dency. The political conflict was one of the most severe in which our country has ever engaged. All the friends of slavery were on one side; all the advocates of its restriction and final abolition on the other. Mr. Fremont, the candidate of the enemies of slavery, received one hundred and fourteen electoral votes. Mr. Buchanan received one hundred and seventy-four, and was elected. The popular vote stood 1,340,618 for Fremont, 1,224,750 for Buchanan. On March 4, 1857, the latter was inaugurated. Mr. Buchanan was far advanced in life. Only four years were wanting to fill up his three-score years and ten. His own friends, those with whom he had been allied in political principles and action for years, were seeking the destruc- tion of the Government, that they might rear upon the ruins of our free institutions a nation whose corner-stone should be human slavery. In this emergency, Mr. Buchanan was hopelessly bewildered. He could not, with his long-avowed principles, consistently oppose the State Rights party in their assumptions. As President of the United States, bound by his oath faithfully to administer the laws, he could not, without per- jury of the grossest kind, unite with those en- deavoring to overthrow the Republic. He there- fore did nothing. The opponents of Mr. Buchanan's administra- tion nominated Abraham Lincoln as their stand- ard-bearer in the next Presidential canvass. The pro-slavery party declared that if he were elected and the control of the Government were thus taken from their hands, they would secede from the Union, taking with them as the>- retired the l^ational Capitol at Washington and the lion's .share of the territory of the United vStates. As the storm increased in violence, the slave- holders claiming the right to secede, and Mr. Buchanan avowing that Congress had no power to prevent it, one of the most pitiable exhibitions of governmental imbecility was exhibited that the world has ever seen. He declared that Congress had no power to enforce its laws in any State which had withdrawn, or which was attempting to withdraw, from the Union. This was not the doctrineof Andrew Jackson, when, with his hand upon his sword-hilt, he exclaimed: "The Union niu-st and shall be preserved!" South Carolina seceded in December, i860, nearly three months before the inauguration of President Lincoln. Mr. Buchanan looked on in listless despair. The rebel flag was raised in Charleston; Ft. Sumter was besieged; our forts, navy-yards and arsenals were seized; our depots of military stores were plundered, and our cus- tom-houses and post-ofiices were appropriated by the rebels. The energy of the rebels and the imbecility of our Executive were alike marvelous. The na- tion looked on in agony, waiting for the slow weeks to glide away and close the administration, so terrible in its weakness. At length the long- looked-for hour of deliverance came, when Abra- ham Lincoln was to receive the scepter. The administration of President Buchanan was certainly the most calamitous our country has ex- perienced. His best friends can not recall it with pleasure. And still more deplorable it is for his fame, that in that dreadful conflict which rolled its billows of flame and blood over our whole land, no word came from his lips to indicate his wish that our countn,''s banner should triumph over the flag of the Rebellion. He died at his Wheatland retreat, June i, 1868. Ixfi (^ Q.--^<'^2*-^^^i^,^2^ ABRAHAM LINCOLN. Gl I'.RAHAM LINCOLN, the sixteenth Presi- j I (lent of the United States, was born in Hardin I I County, Ky., February 12. 1S09. About the year 1780, a man by the name of Abraham Lincohi left \'irginia with liis family and moved into the then wilds of Kentucky. Only two years after this emigration, and while still a young man, he was working one day in a field, when an Indian stealthil5' approached and killed him. His widow was left in extreme poverty with five little chil- dren, three boys and two girls. Thomas, the youngest of the boys, and the father of President Abraham Lincoln, was four years of age at his father's death. When twenty-eight years old, Thomas Lincoln built a log cabin, and marrie to be. He saw the value of educa- tion and was intensely earnest to improve his mind to the utmost of his power. Religion he revered. His morals were pure, and he was un- contaminated by a single vice. Young Abraham worked for a time as a hired laborer among the farmers. Then he went to Springfield, where he was employed in building a large flat-boat. In this he took a herd of swine, floated them down the Sangamon to Illinois, and thence by the Mis.sissippi to New Orleans. What- ever Abraham Lincoln undertook, he performed .so faithfully as to give great satisfaction to his employers. In this adventure the latter were so well pleased, that upon his return they placed a store and mill under his care. In 1832, at the outbreak of the Black Hawk War, he enlisted and was chosen Captain of a company. He returned to Sangamon County, and, although only twenty-three years of age, was a candidate for the Legislature, but was defeated. He soon after received from Andrew Jackson the appointment of Postmaster of New Salem. His only post-office was his hat. All the letters he received he carried there, ready to deliver to those he chanced to meet. He studied surveying, and soon made this his business. In 1834 he again became a candidate for the Legislature and was elected. Mr. Stuart, of Springfield, advised him to study law. He walked from New Salem to Springfield, borrowed of Mr. Stuart a load oi books, carried them back, and began his legal studies. When the Legislature assembled, he trudged on foot with his pack on his back one hundred miles to Vandalia, then the capital. In 1836 he was re-elected to the Legislature. Here it was he first met Stephen A. Douglas. In 1839 he removed to Springfield and began the practice of law. His success with the jury was so great 8o ABRAHAM LINCOLN. that he was soon engaged in almost every noted case in the circuit. In 1854 the great discussion began between Mr. Lincohi and Mr. Douglas on the slavery ques- tion. In the organization of the Republican party in Illinois, in 1856, he took an active part, and at once became one of the leaders in that party. Mr. Lincoln's speeches in opposition to Senator Douglas in the contest in 1858 for a seat in the Senate, form a most notable part of his history. The issue was on the slavery question, and he took the broad ground of the Declaration of In- dependence, that all men are created equal. Mr. Lincoln was defeated in this contest, but won a far higher prize. The great Republican Convention met at Chi- cago on the 1 6th of June, i860. The delegates and strangers who crowded the city amounted to twenty-five thousand. An inmiense building called " The Wigwam," was reared to accommo- date the convention. There were eleven candi- dates for whom votes were thrown. William H. Seward, a man who.se fame as a statesman had long filled the land, was the most prominent. It was generally supposed he would be the nomi- nee. Abraham Lincoln, however, received the nomination on the third ballot. Election day came, and Mr. Lincoln received one hundred and eighty electoral votes out of two hundred and three cast, and was, therefore, con- .stitutionally elected President of the United States. The tirade of abu.se that was poured upon this good and merciful man, especially by the slave- holders, was greater than upon any other man ever elected to this high position. In February-, 1861, Mr. Lincoln .started for Wa.shington, stop- ping in all the large cities on his way, making speeches. The whole journey was fraught with much danger. Many of the Southern States had already seceded, and several attempts at assassi- nation were afterward brought to light. A gang in Baltimore had arranged upon his arrival to "get up a row," and in the confusion to make sure of his death with revolvers and hand-gren- ades. A detective unravelled the plot. A .secret and special train was provided to take him from Harrisburg, through Baltimore, at an unexpected hour of the night. The train started at half- past ten, and to prevent any possible communication on the part of the Seces.sionists with their Con- federate gang in Baltimore, as soon as the train had started the telegraph-wires were cut. Mr. Lincoln reached Washington in .safetj- and was inaugurated, although great anxiety was felt by all loyal people. In the .selection of his cabinet Mr. Lincoln gave to Mr. Seward the Department of State, and to other prominent opponents before the convention he gave important positions; but during no other admini.stration had the duties devolving upon the President been so manifold, and the responsibilities so great, as tho.se which fell to his lot. Knowing this, and feeling his own weakness and inability to meet, and in his own strength to cope with, the difficulties, he learned early to seek Divine wisdom and guidance in determining his plans, and Divine comfort in all his trials, both personal and national. Contrary to his own estimate of himself, Mr. Lincoln was one of the most cour- ageous of men. He went directly into the rebel capital just as the retreating foe was leaving, with no guard but a few sailors. From the time he had left Springfield, in 1S61, however, plans had been made for his assas.sination, and he at last fell a victim to one of them. April 14, 1865, he, with Gen. Grant, was urgently invited to attend Ford's Theatre. It was announced that they would be present. Gen. Grant, however, left the city. President Lincoln, feeling, with his char- acteri.stic kindliness of heart, that it would be a disappointment if he should fail them, very re- luctantly consented to go. While listening to the play, an actor by the name of John Wilkes Booth entered the box where the President and family were seated, and fired a bullet into his brain. He died the next morning at seven o'clock. Never before in the history of the world was a nation plunged into such deep grief by the death of its ruler Strong men met in the streets and wept in speechless anguish. His was a life which will fitly become a model. His name as the Savior of his country will Hve with that of Wash- ington's, its Father. 7;^\_g-^>2><-' ^^^;^^^^?T^- ANDREW JOHNSON. Gl NDREW JOHNSON, seventeenth President LJ of the United States. The early life of An- I I drew Johnson contains but the record of pov- erty , destitution and friendlessness. He was bom December 29, 180S, in Raleigh, N. C. His par- ents, belonging to the class of "poor whites" of the South, were in such circumstances that thej^ could not confer even the slightest advantages of education upon their child. When Andrew was five years of age, his father accidentally lost his life, while heroically endeavoring to save a friend j from drowning. Until ten years of age, Andrew j was a ragged boy about the streets, supported bj' j the labor of his mother, who obtained her living ' with her own hands. He then, having never attended a school one day, and being unable either to read or write, was apprenticed to a tailor in his native town. A gen- tleman was in the habit of going to the tailor's shop occasionally, and reading to the boys at work, there. He often read from the speeches of distinguished British statesmen. Andrew, who was endowed with a mind of more than ordinarj' ability, became much interested in these sp>eeches; his ambition was roused, and he was inspired with a strong desire to learn to read. He accordingly applied himself to the alphabet, and with the assistance of .some of his fellow- workmen learned his letters. He then called upon the gentleman to borrow the book of speeches. The owner, pleased with his zeal, not only gave him the book, but assisted him in learning to com- bine the letters into words. Under such difScul- ties he pressed onw-ard laboriously, spending usu- ally ten or tw'elve hours at work in the shop, and then robbing himself of rest and recreation to de- vote such time as he could to reading. He went to Tennessee in 1826, and located at Green\alle, where he married a young lady who possessed some education. Under her instructions he learned to write and cipher. He became prominent in the village debating society, and a favorite with the students of Greenville College. In 1828, he organized a working man's party, which elected him Alderman, arid in 1830 elected him Mayor, which position he held three years. He now began to take a lively interest in political aflfairs, identifying himself with the work- ing-class, to which he belonged. In 1835, he was elected a member of the House of Represent- atives of Tennessee. He was then just twenty- seven years of age. He became a very active member of the Legislature, gave his support to the Democratic party, and in 1840 "stumped the State," advocating Martin Van Buren's claims to the Presidency, in opposition to those of Gen. Harrison. In this campaign he acquired much readiness as a speaker, and extended and increased his reputation. In 1841, he was elected State Senator; in 1843, he was elected a Member of Congress, and by suc- cessive elections held that important post for ten years. In 1853, he was elected Governor of Tenn- essee, and was re-elected in 1855. In all these responsible positions, he discharged his duties with distinguished ability, and proved himself the warm friend of the working classes. In 1857, Mr. Johnson was elected United States Senator. Years before, in 1845, he had warmly advocated the annexation of Texas, stating, however, as his reason, that he thought this annexation would probably prove ' 'to be the gateway out of which the sable sons of Africa are to pass from bondage to freedom, and become merged in a population congenial to themselves." In 1850, he also sup- ported the compromise measures, the two essen- 84 ANDREW JOHNvSON. tial features of which werf , that the white people of the Territories should be permitted to decide for themselves whether they would enslave the colored people or not, and that the free States of the North should return to the South persons who attempted to escape from slavery. Mr. Johnson was never ashamed of his lowly origin: on the contrary, he often took pride in avowing that he owed his distinction to his own exertions. "Sir," .said he on the floor of the Senate, "I do not forget that I am a mechanic; neither do I forget that Adam was a tailor and sewed fig-leaves, and that our Savior was the son of.a carpenter." In the Charle.ston-Baltimore convention of i860, he was the choice of the Tenne.s.see Democrats for the Presidency. In 1861, when the purpose of the Southern Democracy became apparent, he took a decided stand in favor of the Union, and held that "slavery must be held subordinate to the Union at whatever cost." He returned to Tenn- essee, and repeatedlj' imperiled his own life to protect the Unionists of that State. Tennessee having .seceded from the Union, President L,incoln, on March 4, 1862, appointed him Military Gov- ernor of the State, and he established the most stringent militar>' rule. His numerous proclama- tions attracted wide attention. In 1864, he was elected Vice-President of the United States, and upon the death of Mr. L,incoln, April 15, 1865, became President. In a speech two days later he said, "The American people must be taught, if they do not already feel, that treason is a crime and must be punished ; that the Government will not always bear with its enemies; that it is strong not only to protect, but to punish. * * The people must understand that it (treason) is the blackest of crimes, and will surely be punished. ' ' Yet his whole administration, the history of which is so well known, was in utter inconsistenc)^ with, and in the most violent opposition to, the princi- ples laid down in that speech. In his loose policy of reconstruction and general amnesty, he was opposed by Congress, and he characterized Congress as a new rebellion, and lawlessly defied it in everything possible to the ut- most. In the beginning of 1868, on account of "High crimes and misdemeanors," the principal of which was the removal of Secretary Stanton in violation of the Tenure of Office Act, articles of impeachment were preferred against him, and the trial began March 23. It was very tedious, continuing for nearly three months. A test article of the impeachment was at length submitted to the court for its action. It was certain that as the court voted upon that ar- ticle so would it vote upon all. Thirty-four voices pronounced the President guilty. As a two-thirds vote was necessarj' to his condemnation, he was pronounced acquitted, notwithstanding the great majority against him. The change of one vote from the not guilty side would have sustained the impeachment. The President, for the remainder of his term, was but little regarded. He continued, though impotently, his conflict with Congress. His own party did not think it expedient to renominate him for the Presidency. The Nation rallied with enthusiasm, unparalleled since the days of Wash- ington, around the name of Gen. Grant. Andrew Johnson was forgotten. The bullet of the assa.ssin introduced him to the President's chair. Not- withstanding this, never was there presented to a man a better opportunity to immortalize his name, and to win the gratitude of a nation. He failed utterly. He retired to his home in Greenville, Tenn., taking no very active part in politics until 1875. On January 26, after an exciting struggle, he was chosen by the Legislature of Tennessee United States Senator in the Forty-fourth Congess, and took his seat in that body, at the special ses- sion convened by President Grant, on the 5tli of March. On the 27th of July, 1875, the ex-Presi- dent made a visit to his daughter's home, near Carter Station, Tenn. When he started on his journey, he was apparently in his usual vigorous health, but on reaching the residence of his child the following day, he was stricken with paralysis, which rendered him unconscious. He rallied oc- casionally, but finally passed away at 2 A. m., July 31 , aged sixty-seven years. His funeral was held at Greenville, on the 3d of August, with every demonstration of respect. y-^^C' ULYSSES S. GRANT. HLYSSES S. GR.\XT, the eighteenth Presi- dent of the United States, was born on the 29th of April, 1822, of Christian parents, in a hnmble home at Point Pleasant, on the banks of the Ohio. Shortly after, his father moved to Georgetown, Brown County, Ohio. In tliis re- mote frontier hamlet, Ulysses received a common- school education. At the age of seventeen, in the year 1839, he entered the Militarj- Academy at West Point. Here he was regarded as a solid, sensible young man, of fair ability, and of sturdy, honest character. He took respectable rank as a .scholar. In June, 1843, he graduated about the middle in his class, and was sent as Lieutenant of Infantry to one of the distant military posts in the Missouri Territorj'. Two >-ears he pa.ssed in these drearj' solitudes, watching the vagabond Indians. The war with Mexico came. Lieut. Grant was sent with his regiment to Corpus Christi. His first battle was at Palo Alto. There was no chance here for the exhibition of either skill or heroism, nor at Resaca de la Palma, his .second battle. At the battle of Monterey, his third en- gagement, it is said that he perfonned a signal service of daring and skillful horsemanship. At the close of the Me.xican War, Capt. Grant returned with his regiment to New York, and was again sent to one of the militan,- posts on the frontier. The discoverj^ of gold in California causing an immense tide of emigration to flow to the Pacific shores, Capt. Grant was sent with a battalion to Ft. Dallas, in Oregon, for the protec- tion of the interests of the immigrants. But life was wearisome in those wilds, and he resigned his commission and returned to the States. Hav- ing married, he entered upon the cultivation of a small farm near St. Louis, Mo. , but having little skill as a farmer, and finding his toil not re- munerative, he turned to mercantile life, entering into the leather business, with a younger brother at Galena, 111. This was in the year i860. As the tidings of the rebels firing on Ft. Sumter reached the ears of Capt. Grant in his counting- room, he said: "Uncle Sam has educated me for the army; though I have ser\'ed him through one war, I do not feel that I have yet repaid the debt. I am still ready to discharge my obliga- tions. I shall therefore buckle on my sword and see Uncle Sam through this war too." He went into the streets, raised a company of volunteers, and led them as their Captain to Springfield, the capital of the State, where their ser\Mces were offered to Gov. Yates. The Gov- ernor, impressed by the zeal and straightforward executive ability of Capt. Grant, gave him a desk in his office to assist in the volunteer organiza- tion that was being fonned in the State in behalf of the Government. On the 15th of June, 1861, Capt. Grant received a commission as Colonel of the Twenty-first Regiment of Illinois Volunteers. His merits as a West Point graduate, who had ser\'ed for fifteen years in the regular army, were such that he was soon promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and was placed in command at Cairo. The rebels rai.sed their banner at Padu- cah, near the mouth of the Tennessee River. Scarcely had its folds appeared in the breeze ere Gen. Grant was there. The rebels fled, their banner fell, and the Stars and Stripes were un- furled in its stead. He entered the sen-ice with great determina- tion and immediatel}- began active duty. This was the beginning, and until the surrender of Lee at Richmond he was ever pushing the enemy 88 ULYSSES S. GRANT. with great vigor and effectiveness. At Belmont, a few days later, he surprised and routed the rebels, then at Ft. Henry won another victory. Then came the brilliant fight at Ft. Donelson. The nation was electrified by the victory, and the brave leader of the boys in blue was immediately made a Major-General, and the military district of Tennessee was assigned to him. Like all great captains, Gen. Grant knew well how to secure the results of victory. He imme- diately pushed on to the enemies' lines. Then came the terrible battles of Pittsburg Landing, Corinth, and the siege of Vicksburg, where Gen. Pemberton made an unconditional surrender of the city with over thirty thousand men and one hundred and seventy-two cannon. The fall of Vicksburg was by far the most severe blow which the rebels had thus far encountered, and opened up the Mississippi from Cairo to the Gulf. Gen. Grant was next ordered to co-operate with Gen. Banks in a movement upon Texas, and pro- ceeded to New Orleans, where he was thrown from his horse, and received severe injuries, from which he was laid up for months. He then rushed to the aid of Gens. Rosecrans and Thomas at Chattanooga, and by a wonderful series of strategic and technical measures put the Union army in fighting condition. Then followed the bloody battles at Chattanooga, Lookout Moun- tain and Missionary Ridge, in which the rebels were routed with great loss. This won for him unbounded praise in the North. On the 4th of February, 1864, Congress revived the grade of lieutenant-general, and the rank was conferred on Gen. Grant. He repaired to Washington to receive his credentials and enter upon the duties of his new office. Gen. Grant decided as soon as he took charge of the army to concentrate the widely-dispersed National troops for an attack upon Richmond, the nominal capital of the rebellion, and endeavor there to destroy the rebel armies which would be promptly assembled from all quarters for its de- fense. The whole continent seemed to tremble under the tramp of these majestic armies, rushing to the decisive battle-field. Steamers were crowd- ed with troops. Railway trains were burdened with closely-packed thousands. His plans were comprehensive, and involved a series of cam- paigns, which were executed with remarkable energy and ability, and were consummated at the surrender of Lee, April 9, 1865. The war was ended. The Union was saved. The almost unanimous voice of the nation de- clared Gen. Grant to be the most prominent in- strument in its salvation. The eminent services he had thus rendered the country brought him conspicuously forward as the Republican candi- date for the Presidential chair. At the Republican Convention held at Chicago, May 21, i868, he was unanimously nominated for the Presidency, and at the autumn election received a majority of the popular vote, and two hundred and fourteen out of two hundred and ninety-four electoral votes. The National Convention of the Republican party, which met at Philadelphia on the 5th 01 June, 1872, placed Gen. Grant in nomination for a second term by a unanimous vote. The selec- tion was emphatically indorsed by the people five months later, two hundred and ninety-two elect- oral votes being cast for him. Soon afiier the close of his second term. Gen. Grant started upon his famous trip around the world. He visited almost every country of the civilized world, and was everywhere received with such ovations and demonstrations of respect and honor, private as well as public and oflScial, as were never before bestowed upon any citizen of the United States. He was the most prominent candidate before the Republican National Convention in 1880 for a renomination for President. He went to New York and embarked in the brokerage business under the firm name of Grant & Ward. The latter proved a villain, wrecked Grant's fortune, and for larceny was sent to the penitentiary. The General was attacked with cancer in the throat, but suffered in his stoic-like manner, never complaining. He was re-instated as General of the Army, and retired by Congress. The cancer soon finished its deadly work, and July 23, 1885, the nation went in mourning over the death 01 the illustrious General. 5" <-^W6i-^JV' V u RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. RUTHERFORD B. HAYES, the nineteenth President of the United States, was born in Delaware, Ohio, October 4, 1822, almost three months after the death of his father, Ruther- ford Haj'es. His ancestrj' on both the paternal and maternal sides was of the most honorable char- acter. It can be traced, it is .said, as far back as 1280, when Hayes and Rutherford were two Scottish chieftains, fighting side by side with Baliol, William Wallace and Robert Bruce. Both families belonged to the nobility, owned extensive estates, and had a large following. Misfortune overtaking the family, George Hayes left Scotland in 1680, and settled in Windsor, Conn. His son George was bom in Windsor, and remained there during his life. Daniel Hayes, son of the latter, married Sarah Lee, and lived from the time of his marriage until his death in Simsbury, Conn. Ezekiel, son of Daniel, was bom in 1724, and was a manufacturer of scythes at Bradford, Conn. Rutherford Hayes, son of Ezekiel and grandfather of President Hayes, was bom in New Haven, in August, 1756. He was a farmer, blacksmith and tavern-keeper. He emigrated to Vermont at an unknown date, settling in Brattleboro, where he established a hotel. Here his son, Rutherford Hayes, the father of President Hayes, was bom. He was married, in September, 1813, to Sophia Birchard, of Wilmington, Vt., whose ancestors emigrated thither from Connecticut, they having been among the wealthiest and best families of Norwich. Her ancestrj' on the male side is traced back to 1635, to John Birchard, one of the principal founders of Norwich. Both of her grand- fathers were soldiers in the Revolutionary' War. The father of President Hayes was an industri- ous, frugal, yet open-hearted man. He was of a mechanical turn of mind, and could mend a plow, knit a stocking, or do almost anything else that he chose to undertake. He was a member of the church, active in all tlie benevolent enterprises of the town, and conducted his business on Chris- tian principles. After the close of the War of 181 2, for reasons inexplicable to his neighbors, he res(ilved to emigrate to Ohio. The journey from Vemiont to Ohio in that day, when there were no canals, steamers, or rail- ways, was a very serious affair. A tour of in- spection was first made, occupying four months. Mr. Hayes decided to move to Delaware, where the family arrived in 181 7. He died July 22, 1822, a victim of malarial fever, less than three months before the birth of the son of whom we write. Mrs. Hayes, in her sore bereavement, found the support she so much needed in her brother Sardis, who had been a member of the household from the day of its departure fi-om Vermont, and in an orphan girl, whom she had adopted some time before as an act of charity. Rutherford was seven years old before he went to school. His education, however, was not neg- lected. He probably learned as much from his mother and sister as he would have done at school. His sports were almost wholly within doors, his playmates being his sister and her asso- ciates. The.se circum.stances tended, no doubt, to foster that gentleness of disposition and that del- icate consideration for the feelings of others which were marked traits of his character. His uncle, Sardis Birchard, took the deepest interest in his education; and as the boy's health had improved, and he was making good progress in his studies, he proposed to send him to college. His preparation commenced with a tutor at home; 92 RUTHERFORD B. HAYES. but he was afterwards sent for one year to a pro- fessor in the Weslej-an University in.Middletown, Conn. He entered Kenyon College in 1838, at the age of sixteen, and was graduated at the head of his class in 1S42. Immediately after his graduation he began the study of law in the office of Thomas Sparrow, Esq., in Columbus. Finding his opportunities for study in Columbus somewhat limited, he de- termined to enter the L,aw School at Cambridge, Mass. , where he remained two years. In 1845, after graduating at the L,aw School, he was admitted to the Bar at Marietta, Ohio, and shortly afterward went into practice as an at- torney-at-law with Ralph P. Buckland, of Fre- mont. Here he remained three years, acquiring but a limited practice, and apparently unambitious of distinction in his profession. In 1849 ^^ moved to Cincinnati, where his am- bition found a new stimulus. For several years, however, his progress was slow. Two events occurring at this period had a powerful influence upon his subsequent life. One of these was his marriage with Miss Uucy Ware Webb, daughter of Dr. James Webb, of Chilli cothe; the other was his introduction to the Cincinnati Literary Club, a body embracing among its members such men as Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase, Gen. John Pope, Gov. Edward F. Noyes, and many others hardly less distinguished in after life. The mar- riage was a fortunate one in every respect, as every bod)' knows. Not one of all the wives of our Presidents was more universally admired, reverenced and beloved than was Mrs. Hayes, and no one did more than she to reflect honor upon American womanhood. The Uiterarj'Club brought Mr. Hayes into constant association with young men of high character and noble aims, and lured him to display tlie qualities so long hidden by his bashfulness and luodesty. In 1856 he was nominated to the office of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, but he declined to accept the nomination. Two years later, the of- fice of City Solicitor becoming vacant, the City Council elected him for the unexpired term. In 1861, when the Rebellion broke out, he was at the zenith of his professional life. His rank at the Bar was among the first. But the news of the attack on Ft. Sumter found him eager to take up arms for the defense of his countrj'. His military record was bright and illustrious. In October, 1861, he was made Lieutenant- Colo- nel, and in August, 1862, promoted Colonel of the Seventy-ninth Ohio Regiment, but he refused to leave his old comrades and go among strangers. Subsequently, however, he was made Colonel of his old regiment. At the battle of South Moun- tain he received a wound, and while faint and bleeding displayed courage and fortitude that won admiration from all. Col. Hayes was detached from his regiment, after his recovery, to act as Brigadier-General, and placed in command of the celebrated Kanawha divi-sion, and for gallant and meritorious services in the battles of Winchester, Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, he was promoted Brigadier-General. He was also breveted Major-General, "for gallant and distinguished services during the campaigns of 1864, in West Virginia." In the course of his arduous services, four horses were shot from un- der him, and he was wounded four times. In 1864, Gen. Hayes was elected to Congress from the Second Ohio District, which had long been Democratic. He was not present during the campaign, and after the election was importuned to resign his commission in the army; but he fi- nally declared, ' ' I shall never come to Washing- ton until I can come by way of Richmond." He was re-elected in 1866. In 1867, Gen. Hayes was elected Governor of Ohio, over Hon. Allen G. Thurman, a popular Democrat, and in 1869 was re-elected over George H. Pendleton. He was elected Governor for the third term in 1875. In 1876 he was the standard-bearer of the Re- publican party in the Presidential contest, and after a hard, long contest was chosen President, and was inaugurated Monday, March 5, 1877. He served his full term, not, however, with satis- faction to his party, but his administration was an average one. The remaining years of his life were passed quietly in his Ohio home, where he passed away January 17, 1893. JAMES A. GARFIELD. JAMES A. GARFIELD, twentieth President of the United Stales, was born November 19, 1 83 1, in the woods of Orange, Cuyahoga County, Ohio. His parents were Abrain and Kliza (Ballon) Garfield, both of New England ancestry, and from families well known in the early liistory of that section of our country, but who had moved to the Western Reser\-e, in Ohio, early in its settlement. The house in which James A. was born was not unlike the hou.ses of pcx)r Ohio fanners of that day. It was about 20 x 30 feet, built of logs, with the spaces between the logs filled with cla\-. His father was a hard-working farmer, and he soon had his fields cleared, an orchard planted, and a log barn built. The household comprised the father and mother and their four children, Mehetabel, Thomas, Mary and James. In May, 1823, the father died from a cold contracted in helping to put out a forest fire. At this time James was about eighteen months old, and Thomas about ten years old. No one, j)erhaps, can tell how much James was indebted to liis brother's toil and self-sacrifice during the twenty years succeeding his father's death. He now lives in Michigan, and the two sisters live in Solon, Ohio, near their birthplace. The early educational advantages young Gar- field enjoyed were very limited, yet he made the most of them. He labored at farm work for others, did carpenter work, choppe<:l wood, or did anj-thing that would bring in a few dollars to aid his widowed mother in her struggles to keep the little family together. Nor was Gen. Garfield ever ashamed of his origin, and he never forgot the friends of his struggling childhood, j-outh and manhood; neither did they ever forget him. When in the highest seats of honor, the humblest friend of his boyhood was as kindh- greeted as ever. The poorest laborer was sure of the sym- pathy of one who had known all the bitterness of want and the sweetness of bread earned by the sweat of the brow. He was ever the simple, plain, modest gentleman. The highest ambition of yoiuig Garfield until he was about sixteen jears old was to be cap- tain of a vessel on Lake Erie. He was anxious to go aboard a vessel, but this his mother strongly opposed. She finally consented to his going to Cleveland, with the understanding, however, that he should try to obtain some other kind of em- plojinent. He walked all the way to Cleveland. This was his first visit to the city. After making many ai)plications for work, and trying to get aboard a lake vessel and not meeting with suc- cess, he engaged as a driver for his cousin, Amos Letcher, on the Ohio & Pennsylvania Canal. He remained at this work but a short time, when he went home, and attended the seminarj' at Chester for about three years. He then entered Hiram and the liclectic Institute, teaching a few terms of school in the mean time, and doing other work. This .school was started by the Disciples of Christ in 1850, of which body he was then a member. He became janitor and bell-ringer in order to help pay his way. He then became both teacher and pupil. Soon " exhausting Hiram," and needing a higher education, in the fall of 1854 he entered Williams College, from which he grad- uated in 1856, taking one of the highest honors of his class. He afterwards returned to Hiram Col- lege as its President. As above stated, he early united with the Christian, or Disciples, Church at Hiram, and was ever after a devoted, zealous member, often preaching in its pulpit and places where he happened to be. Mr. Garfield was united in mai-riage, Novem- ber II, 1858, with Miss Lucretia Rudolph, who proved herself worthy as the wife of one whom all the world loved. To them were born seven children, five of whom are still living, four boys and one girl. 96 JAMES A. GARFIELD. Mr. Garfield made his first political speeches in 1856, iu Hiram and' the neighboring villages, and three years later he began to speak at county mass-meetings, and became the favorite speaker wherever he was. During this year he was elected to the Ohio Senate. He also began to study law at Cleveland, and in 1S61 was admitted to the Bar. The'great Rebellion broke out in the early part of this year, and Mr. Garfield at once resolved to fight as he had talked, and enlisted to defend the Old Flag. He received his commission as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Forty-second Regi- ment of Ohio Infantry Augu.st 14, 1861. He was immediately put into active service, and be- fore he had ever seen a gun fired in action, was placed in command of four regiments of infantry and eight companies of cavalry, charged with the work of driving out of his native State the able rebel officer, Humphrey Marshall, of Kentucky. This work was bravely and speedily accomplished, , although against great odds, and President Lin- coln commissioned him Brigadier-General, Janu- ary ID, 1862; and "as he had bee.i the youngest man in the Ohio Senate two years before, so now he was the youngest General in the army." He was with Gen. Buell's army at Shiloh, in its operations around Corinth and its march through Alabama. He was then detailed as a member of the general court martial for the trial of Gen. Fitz-John Porter. He was next ordered to re- port to Gen. Rosecrans, and was assigned to the " Chief of Staff." The military history of Gen. Garfield closed with his brilliant services at Chick- amauga, where he won the rank of Major-General. Without an effort on his part. Gen. Garfield was elected to Congress in the fall of 1862, from the Nineteenth District of Ohio. This section of Ohio had been represented in Congress for sixty years mainly by two men — Elisha Whittlesey and Joshua R. Giddings. It was not without a strug- gle that he resigned his place in the army. At the time he entered Congress he was the youngest member in that body. There he remained hy successive re-elections until he was elected Presi- dent, in 1880. Of his labors in Congress, Senator Hoar saj^s: "Since the year 1864 you cannot think of a question which has been debated in Congress, or discussed before a tribunal of the American people, in regard to which you will not find, if you wish instruction, the argument on one side stated, in almost every instance better than by anybody else, in some speech made in the House of Representatives or on the hustings by Mr. Garfield." Upon Januarj' 14, 1880, Gen. Garfield was elect- ed to the United States Senate, and on the 8th of June, of the same year, was nominated as the candidate of his party for President at the great Chicago Convention. He was elected in the fol- lowing November, and on March 4, i88i, was inaugurated. Probably no administration ever opened its existence under brighter auspices than that of President Garfield, and every day it grew in favor with the people. By the ist of July he had completed all the initiatory and prelimi- nary wofk of his administration, and was prepar- ing to leave the city to meet his friends at Will- iams College. While on his way and at the depot, in company with vSecretary Blaine, a man stepped behind him, drew a revolver, and fired directly at his back. The President tottered and fell, and as he did so the assassin fired a second shot, the bullet cutting the left coat sleeve of his victim, but inflicting no further injury. It has been very truthfully said that this was " the shot that was heard around the world. ' ' Never before in the history of the nation had anything occur- red which so nearly froze the blood of the people for the moment as this awful deed. He was smitten on the brightest, gladdest day of all his life, at the summit of his power and hope. For eighty days, all during the hot months of July and August, he lingered and suffered. He, how- ever, remained master of himself till the last, and by his magnificent bearing taught the country and the world one of the noblest of human les- sons — how to live grandly in the very clutch of death. Great in life, he was surpassingly great in death. He passed serenely away September 19, 1883, at Elberon, N. J., on the very bank of the ocean, where he had been taken shortly- be- fore. The world wept at his death, as it rarely ever had done on the death of any other great and noble man. CHESTER A. ARTHUR. E HESTER A. ARTHUR, twentj'-first Presi- dent of the United States, was bom in Frank- lin County, Vt., on the 5th day of October, 1S30, and was the eldest of a family of t\vo sons and five daughters. His father was the Rev. Dr. William Arthur, a Baptist clergyman, who emi- grated to this countr>- from County Antrim, Ire- land, in his eighteenth year, and died in 1875, in Newtoiuille, near Albany, after a long and suc- cessful ministry. Young Artliur was educated at Union College, Schenectady, where he excelled in all his studies. After his graduation he taught school in Ver- mont for two years, and at the expiration of that time came to New York, with $500 in his pocket, and entered the office of ex-Judge E. D. Culver as a student. After being admitted to the Bar, he formed a partnership with his intimate friend and room-mate, Henrj' U. Gardiner, with the inten- tion of practicing in the West, and for three months the>- roamed about in the Western States in search of an eligible site, but in the end re- turned to New York, where they hung out their .shingle, and entered upon a successful career al- most from the start. Gen. Arthur soon after mar- ried the daughter of Lieut. Hemdon, of the United States Navy, who was lost at sea. Con- gress voted a gold medal to his widow in recog- nition of the bravery he displayed on that occa- sion. Mrs. Arthur died shortly before Mr. Arthur's nomination to the Vice-Presidency, leav- ing two children. Gen. Arthur obtained considerable legal celeb- rity in his first great case, the famous L,emmon suit, brought to recover possession of eight slaves who had been declared free by Judge Paine, of the Superior Court of New York City. It was in 1852 that Jonathan Lemmon, of Virginia, went to New York with his slaves, intending to .ship them to Texas, when they were discovered and freed. The Judge decided that they could not be held by the owner under the Fugitive Slave Law. A howl of rage went up from the South, and the Virginia Legislature authorized the Attorney-General of that State to assist in an appeal. William M. Evarts and Chester A. Arthur were employed to represent the people, and they won their case, which then went to the Supreme Court of the United States. Charles O' Conor here espoused the cause of the .slaveholders, but he, too, was beaten by Messrs. Evarts and Arthur, and a long step was taken toward the emancipation of the black race. Another great service was rendered by Gen. Arthur in the same cau.se in 1856. Lizzie Jen- nings, a respectable colored woman, was put oflF a Fourth Avenue car with violence after she hgd paid her fare. Gen. Arthur sued on her behalf, and secured a verdict of $500 damages. The next day the company issued an order to admit colored persons to ride on their cars, and the other car companies quickly followed their example. Be- fore that the Sixth Avenue Company ran a few special cars for colored persons, and the other lines refused to let them ride at all. Gen. Arthur was a delegate to the convention at .Saratoga that founded the Republican party. Previous to the war he was Judge-Advocate of the Second Brigade of the State of New York, and Gov. Morgan, of that State, appointed him Engineer-in-Chief of his stafi". In 1861, he was made Inspector-General, and soon afterward be- came Quartermaster-General. In each of these offices he rendered great service to the Govern- lOO CHESTER A. ARTHUR. ment during the war. At the end of Gov. Mor- gan's term he resumed the practice of law, form- ing a partnership with Mr. Ransom, and then Mr. Phelps, the District Attorney of New York, was added to the firm. The legal practice of this well-known firm was ver}' large and lucrative, as each of the gentlemen composing it was an able lawyer, and possessed a splendid local reputa- tion, if not, indeed, one of national extent. Mr. Arthur always took a leading part in State and city politics. He was appointed Collector of the Port of New York by President Grant, No- vember 21, 1872, to succeed Thomas Murphy, and he held the office until July 20, 1878, when he was succeeded by Collector Merritt. Mr. Arthur was nominated on the Presidential ticket, with Gen. James A. Garfield, at the famous National Republican Convention held at Chicago in June, 1880. This was perhaps the greatest political convention that ever a.ssembled on the continent. It was composed of the lead- ing politicians of the Republican party, all able men, and each stood firm and fought vigorously and with signal tenacity for his respective can- didate that was before the convention for the nomination. Finall}' Gen. Garfield received the •lomination for President, and Gen. Arthur for Vice-President. The campaign which followed was one of the most animated known in the his- torjf of our countr5'. Gen. Hancock, the stand- ard-bearer of the Democratic party, was a popular man, and his partj- made a valiant fight for his election. Finally the election came, and the country's choice was Garfield and Arthur. They were in- augurated March 4, 188 1, as President and Vice- President. A few months onlj^ had passed ere the newly-chosen President was the victim of the assassin's bullet. Then came terrible weeks of suffering — those moments of anxious suspense, when the hearts of all civilized nations were throbbing in unison, longing for the recovery of the noble, the good President. The remarkable patience that he manifested during those hours ■and weeks, and even months, of the most terrible suffering man has ever been called upon to en- dure, was seemingly more than human. It was certainly godlike. During all this period of deepest anxiety Mr. Arthur's every move was watched, and, be it said to his credit, that his every action displayed only an earnest desire that the • suffering Garfield might recover to serve the re- mainder of the term he had so auspiciously be- gun. Not a selfish feeling was manifested in deed or look of this man, even though the most honored position in the world was at any moment likely to fall to him. At last God in his mercy relieved ^President Garfield from further suffering, and the world, as never before in its histor>' over the death of any other man, wept at his bier. Then it became the duty of the Vice-President to assume the respon- sibilities of the high office, and he took the oath in New York, September 20, 188 1. The position was an embarrassing one to him, made doubly so from the fact that all eyes were on him, anxious to know what he would do, what policy he would pursue, and whom he would select as advisers. The duties of the office had been greatly neglected during the President's long illness, and many im- portant measures were to be immediately decided by him ; and to still further embarass him he did not fail to realize under what circumstances he became President, and knew the feelings of many on this point. Under these trying circura.stances. President Arthur took the reins of the Govern- ment in his own hands, and, as embarra.ssing as was the condition of affairs, he happily surpri.sed the nation, acting so wisely that but few criticized his administration. He served the nation well and faithfully until the close of his administra- tion, March 4, 1885, and was a popular candidate before his party for a second term. His name was ably presented before the convention at Chi- cago, and was received with great favor, and doubtless but for the personal popularity of one of the opposing candidates, he would have been selected as the standard-bearer of his party for another campaign. He retired to private life, car- rying with him the best wishes of the American people, whom he had served in a manner satisfac- tor>- to them and with credit to himself. One year later he was called to his final rest. ^^^^^ O/c^^^O/^lyUX^l/ STEPHEN GROVER CLEVELAND. mTEPHEN GROVER CLEVELAND, the 7x twenty -second President of the United States, Vl^ was boni in 1837. in the obscure town of Caldwell, Essex County, N. J., and in a little two-and-a-half-story white house, which is still standing to characteristically mark the humble birthplace of one of America's great men, in striking contrast with the Old World, where all men high in office must be high in origin and bom in the cradle of wealth. When the subject of this sketch was three years of age, his father, who was a Presbyterian minister with a large family and a small salary, moved, by way of the Hudson River and Erie Canal, to Kayetteville, N. Y., in search of an increased income and a larger field of work. Fayetteville was then the most straggling of coimtrj^ villages, about five miles from Pompey Hill, where Governor Seymour was bom. At the last-mentioned place young Grover com- menced going to school in the good, old-fashioned way, and presumably distinguished himself after the manner of all village boys — in doing the things he ought not to do. Such is the dis- tinguishing trait of all geniuses and independent thinkers. When he arrived at the age of four- teen years, he had outgrown the capacity of the village school, and expressed a most emphatic de- sire to be sent to an academy. To this his fa- ther decidedly objected. Academies in those daj-s cost money ; besides, his father wanted him to become self-supporting by the quickest pos- sible means, and this at that time in Fayetteville seemed to be a position in a country store, where his father and the large family on his hands had considerable influence. Grover was to be paid $50 for his services the first j'ear, and if he proved trustworthy he was to receive $100 the second year. Here the lad commenced his career as salesman, and in two j-ears he had earned so good a reputation for trustworthiness that his employ- ers desired to retain him for an indefinite length of time. Hut instead of remaining v\'ith this firai in Fayetteville, he went with the family in their re- moval to Clinton, where he had an opportunity of attending a High School. Here he industri- ously pursued his studies until the family re- moved with him to a point on Black River known as the "Holland Patent," a village of five or six hundred people, fifteen miles north of Utica, N. Y. At this place his father died, after preaching but three Sundays. This event broke up the family, and Grover set out for New York City t3 accept, at a small salary, the position of under-teacher in an asylum for the blind. He taught faithfully for two 3'ears, and although he obtained a good reputation in this capacity, he concluded that teaching was not his calling in life, and, revers- ing the traditional order, he left the city to seek his fortune, instead of going to the city. He first thought of Cleveland, Ohio, as there was some charm in that name for him; but before proceed- ing to that place he went to Buffalo to ask advice of his uncle, Lewis F. Allan, a noted stock- breeder of that place. The latter did not speak enthusiastically. "What is it you want to do, my boy?" he asked. "Well, sir, I want to study law," was the reply "Good gracious!" remarked the old gentleman ; " do you, indeed ? Whatever I04 STEPHEN GROVER CLEVELAND. put that into your head? How much money have you got?" "Well, sir, to tell the truth, I haven't got any." After a long consultation, his uncle offered him a place temporarily as assistant herd-keeper, at $50 a year, while he could look around. One day soon afterward he boldly walked into the of- fice of Rogers, Bowen & Rogers, of Buffalo, and told them what he wanted. A number of young men were already engaged in the ofiSce, but Gro- ver's persistency won, and he was finally per- mitted to come as an office boy and have the use of the law library, receiving as wages the sum of $3 or $4 a week. Out of this he had to pay for his board and washing. The walk to and from his uncle's was a long and rugged one; and although the first winter was a memorably severe one, his shoes were out of repair, and as for his overcoat he had none; yet he was, nevertheless, prompt and regular. On the first day of his service there, his senior employer threw down a copy of Black- stone before him, with a bang that made the dust fly, saying "That's where they all begin." A titter ran around the little circle of clerks and students, as they thought that was enough to scare young Grover out of his plans; but in due time he mastered that cumbersome volume. Then, as ever afterward, however, Mr. Cleve- land exhibited a talent for executiveness rather than for chasing principles through all their metaphysical possibilities. "Let us quit talking and go and do it, ' ' was practically his motto. The first public oflfice to which Mr. Cleveland was elected was that of Sheriff of Erie County, N. Y., in which Buffalo is situated; and in such capacity it fell to his duty to inflict capital punish- ment upon two criminals. In 1881 he was elected Mayor of the City of Buffalo, on the Democratic ticket, with especial reference to bring- ing about certain reforms in the administration of the municipal affairs of that city. In this of- fice, as well as in that of Sheriff, his performance of duty has generally been considered fair, with possibly a few exceptions, which were ferreted out and magnified during his Presidential cam- paign. As a .specimen of his plain language in a veto message, we quote from one vetoing an iniquitous street-cleaning contract: "This is a time for plain speech, and my objection to your action shall be plainly stated. I regard it as the culmination of a most bare-faced, impudent and shameless scheme to betray the interests of the people and to worse than squander the people's money." The New York Sun afterward very highly commended Mr. Cleveland's administra- tion as Mayor of Buffalo, and thereupon recom- mended him for Governor of the Empire State. To the latter office he was elected in 1882, and his administration of the affairs of State was generally satisfactor>-. The mistakes he made, if any, were made veiy public throughout the na- tion after he was nominated for President of the United States. For this high office he was nominated July 11, 1884, by the National Demo- cratic Convention at Chicago, when other com- petitors were Thomas F. Bayard, Roswell P. Flower, Thomas A. Hendricks, Benjamin F. Butler, Allen G. Thurman, etc. ; and he was elected by the people, by a majority of about a thousand, over the brilliant and long-tried Re- publican statesman, James G. Blaine. Piesident Cleveland resigned his office as Governor of New York in January, 1885, in order to prepare for his duties as the Chief Executive of the United States, in which capacity his term commenced at noon on the 4th of March, 1885. The silver question precipitated a controversy between those who were in favor of the continu- ance of silver coinage and those who were op- posed, Mr. Cleveland answering for the latter, even before his inauguration. On June 2, 1886, President Cleveland married Frances, daughter of his deceased friend and part- ner, Oscar Folsom, of the Buffalo Bar. Their union has been blessed by the birth of two daugh- ters. In the campaign of 1888, President Cleve- land was renominated by his p)arty, but the Republican candidate. Gen. Benjamin Harrison, was victorious. In the nominations of 1892 these two candidates for the highest position in the gift of the people were again pitted against each other, and in the ensuing election President Cleveland was victorious by an overwhelming majority. / ^£aa/, C^^ ^^i^T-^-^i^Lx^^i-^i^ BENJAMIN HARRISON. gENJAMIN HARRISON, the twenty-third President, is the descendant of one of the historical families of this countr}\ The first known head of the family was Maj.-Gcn. Harrison, one of Oliver Cromwell's trusted followers and fighters. In the zenith of Cromwell's power it be- came the dutj' of this Harri.son to participate in the trial of Charles I., and afterward to sign the death warrant of the king. He subsequently paid for this with his life, being hung October 13, 1660. His descendants came to America, and the next of the family that appears in historj- is Benjamin Harrison, of Virginia, great-grandfa- ther of the subject of this sketch, and after whom he was named. Benjamin Harrison was a mem- ber of the Continental Congress during the years 1774, 1775 and 1776, and was one of the original signers of the Declaration of Independence. He was three times elected Governor of Virginia. Gen. William Henrj- Harrison, the son of the distinguished patriot of the Revolution, after a successful career as a soldier during the War of 18 12, and with a clean record as Governor of the Northwestern Territory, was elected President of the United States in 1840. His career was cut short by death within one month after his in- auguration. President Harrison was born at North Bend, Hamilton County, Ohio, August 20, 1833. His life up to the time of his graduation from Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio, was the uneventful one of a country lad of a family of small means. His father was able to give him a good education, and nothing more. He became engaged while at college to the daughter of Dr. Scott, Principal of a female school at Oxford. After graduating, he determined to enter upon the study of law. He went to Cincinnati and there read law for two years. At the expiration of that time young Har- rison received the only inheritance of his life — his aunt, dying, left him a lot valued at $800. He regarded this legacy as a fortune, and decided to get married at once, take this money and go to some Eastern town and begin the practice of law. He sold his lot, and, with the money in his pocket, he started out with his young wife to fight for a place in the world. He decided to go to Indian- apolis, which was even at that time a town of promise. He met with slight encouragement at first, making scarcely anything the first year. He worked diligently, applying himself closely to his calling, built up an extensive practice and took a leading rank in the legal profession. In i860, Mr. Harrison was nominated for the position of Supreme Court Reporter, and then be- gan his experience as a stump speaker. He can- io8 BENJAMIN HARRISON. vassed the State thoroughly, and was elected by a handsome majority. In 1862 he raised the Seventeenth Indiana Infantrj-, and was chosen its Colonel. His regiment was composed of the raw- est material, bnt Col. HarrLson employed all his time at first in mastering military tactics and drill- ing his men, and when he came to move toward the East with Sherman, his regiment was one of the best drilled and organized in the army. At Resaca he especially distinguished himself, and ("or his bravery at Peachtree Creek he was made a Brigadier-General, Gen. Hooker speaking of him in the most complimentary terms. During the absence of Gen. Harrison in the field, the Supreme Court declared the office of Supreme Court Reporter vacant, and another person was elected to the position. From the time of leaving Indiana with his regiment until the fall of 1864 he had taken no leave of absence, but having been nominated that year for the same office, he got a thirty-day leave of absence, and during that time made a brilliant canvass of the State, and was elected for another term. He then started to rejoin Sherman, but on the way was stricken down with scarlet fever, and after a most trying attack made his way to the front in time to participate in the closing incidents of the war. In 1868 Gen. Harrison declined a re-election as Reporter, and resumed the practice of law. In 1876 he was a candidate for Governor. Although defeated, the brilliant campaign he made won for him a national reputation, and he was much sought after, especially in the East, to make speeches. In 1880, as usual, he took an active part in the campaign, and was elected to the United States Senate. Here he served for six years, and was known as one of the ablest men, best lawyers and strongest debaters in that body. With the ex- piration of his senatorial term he returned to the practice of his profession, becoming the head of one of the strongest firms in the State. The political campaign of 1888 was one of the most memorable in the history of our country. The convention which assembled in Chicago in June and named Mr. Harrison as the chief stmd- ard-bearer of the Republican party was great in every particular, and on fiis account, and the at- titude it assumed upon the vital questions of the day, chief among which was the tariff, awoke a deep interest in the campaign throughout the nation. Shortly after the nomination, delegations began to visit Mr. Harrison at Indianapolis, his home. This movement became popular, and from all sections of the country societies, clubs and delegations journeyed thither to pay their re- spects to the distinguished statesman. Mr. Harrison spoke daily all through the sum- mer and autumn to these visiting delegations, and so varied, masterlj-, and eloquent were his speeches that they at once placed him in the fore- most rank of American orators and statesmen. Elected by a handsome majorit}', he served his country faithfully and well, and in 1892 was nom- inated for re-election ; but the people demanded a change and he was defeated by his predecessor in oflice, Grover Cleveland. On account of his eloquence as a speaker and his power as a debater. Gen. Harrison was called upon at an early age to take part in the dis- cussion of the great questions that then began to agitate the country. He was an uncompromising anti-slavery man, and was matched against some of the most eminent Democratic speakers of his State. No man who felt the touch of his blade desired to be pitted with him again. With all his eloquence as an orator he never spoke for ora- torical effect, but his words always went like bul- lets to the mark. He is purely American in his ideas, and is a .splendid type of the American statesman. Gifted with quick perception, a logi- cal mind and a ready tongue, he is one of the most distinguished impromptu speakers in the nation. Many of these speeches sparkled with the rarest eloquence and contained arguments of great weight, and many of his terse statements have already become aphorisms. Original in thought, precise in logic, terse in statement, yet withal faultless in eloquence, he is recognized as the sound statesman and brilliant orator of the day. During the last days of his administration Presi- dent Harrison suffered an irreparable loss in the death of his devoted wife, Caroline (Scott) Har- rison, a lady of many womanly charms and vir- tues. They were the parents of two children. ^ ^ /" -^ /df^ •• LANCASTER COUNTY, PENNSVLVANIA. • {is ^^ti?^ ^ii^c*y^'iG)WY !ir*- 3 INTRODUQT^ORY. m ^•sj <» »r ^ °>fjHE time has arrived when it becomes the duty of the people of this county to per- petuate the names of their pioneers, to furnish a record of their early settlement, and relate the story of their progress. The civilization of our day, the enlightenment of the age and the duty that men of the pres- ent time owe to their ancestors, to themselves and to their posterity, demand that a record of their lives and deeds should be made. In bio- graphical history is found a power to instruct man by precedent, to enliven the mental faculties, and to waft down the river of time a safe vessel in which the names and actions of the people who contributed to raise this country from its primitive state may be preserved. Surely and rapidly the great and aged men, who in their prime entered the wilderness and claimed the virgin soil as their heritage, are passing to their graves. The number re- maining who can relate the incidents of the first days -){ settlement is becoming small indeed, so that an actual necessity exists for the collection and preser- vation of events without delay, before all the early settlers are cut down by the scytlie of Time. To be forgotten has been the great dread of mankind from remotest ages. All will be forgotten soon enough, m spite of their best works and the most earnest efforts of their friends to perserve the memory of their lives. The means employed to prevent oblivion and to perpetuate their memory has been in propor- tion to the amount of intelligence they possessed. Thi pyramids of Egypt were built to perpetuate the names and deeds of their great rulers. The exhu- mations made by the archeologists of Egypt from buried Memphis indicate a desire of those people to perpetuate the memory of their achievements The erection of the great obelisks were for the same purix)se. Coming down to a later period, we find the Greeks and Romans erecting mausoleums and monu- ments, and carving out statues to chronicle theii great acliievements and carry them down the ages. It is also evident that the Mound-builders, in piling up their great mounds of earth, had but this idea — to leave somctliing to show that they had lived. All these works, though many of them costly in the ex- treme, give but a faint idea of the lives and charac- ters of those whose memory they were intended to perpetuate, and scarcely anything of the masses of the people that then lived. The great pyramids and some of the obelisks remain objects only of curiosity; the mausoleums, monuments and statues are crum- bling into dust. It was left to modern ages to establish an intelli- gent, undecaying, immutable method of perpetuating a full history — immutable in that it is almost un- limited in extent and perpetual in its action ; and this is through the art of printing. To the present generation, however, we are in- debted for the introduction of the admirable system of local biography. By this system every man, though he has not achieved what the world calls greatness, has the means to perpetuate his life, his history, through the coming ages. The scythe of Time cuts down all ; nothing of the physical man is left. The monument which his chil- dren or friends may erect to his memory in the ceme> tery will crumble into dust and pass away; but his life, his achievements, the work he has accomplished, which otherwise would be forgotten, is perpetuated by a record of this kind. To preserve the lineaments of our companions we engrave their portraits, for the same reason we col- lect the attainable facts of their history. Nor do we thir.k it necessary, as we speak only truth of them, to wait until they are dead, or until those who know them are gone: to do this we are ashamed only to publish to the world the history of those whose live<= are unworthy of public record. JACOB BAUSMAN. :^^^^^^ JACOB BAUSMAN was a representative of a large family which has tatien deep root in the old Manor, and the founders of which belong to the famous Palatinate emigration) which has given to the social life of Lancaster County so man}' features, and so vastly added to its pre-eminence and prosperity. More than sixty years ago be attended John Beck's famous Lititz Scliool. The Bausmans of Kreuznach, Germany, were farmers and vine-dressers, and tlie first of them to come hither was Andreas, the brother of Henry. His nephew, Andreas, wlio remained in the Fatherland, died as recently as 1868, aged ninety years. The elder Andreas paid the equiv- olent of $680 for three hundred and seventeen acres of land on the Millersville turnpike, from which a single acre has since been sold for nearly as much. John Bausman, another son of Henry, and a nepliew of the elder Andreas, fled from a French draft, which would have compelled him to fight against his own countrymen, and was welcomed here b}" his uncle in 1802. He became executor and chief heir of the local estates, and founder of the famous family of his name, which, though hav- ing distinguished members in professional and mercantile life, has been foremost in the agricul- tural concerns of the county, and now holds under cultivation over seven hundred acres of land in JIanor and Lancaster Townships, nearly adjoining the city, and the richest and most populous section of this state. To the traveler going out the Millersville turn- pike on one hand appears a beautiful private res- idence, and to the left a commodious and comfort- able one-story and a-half farm iiouse with a sul)- stantial stone spring house near by. These build- ings illustrate fitly the progress of the best type of the Lancaster County farmer. The spring house was built by Andreas Bausman in 1775, and there he made whiske}-, shipping it to Pittsburg in casks, two of which were strapped on the back of a horse. Upon this site he established the home- stead, which bids fair to remain in the family for generations. Here resided John, after he had reared his family and retired from farming, and here his son Philip built the mansion, one of the most elegant countrj' seats in the county. The sister of the late Abraham Peters became the wife of John Bausman and the mother of his nine chil- dren, of whom the eldest two, Andrew and John, are deceased, and those surviving are Abraham, Samuel, Henry and Philip, farmers of the Manor; Elizabeth, wife of Henry Haverstick, of Manheim Township; Rev. Dr. Benjamin, the famous reformed preacher, author, editor and oriental traveler, and .Jacob, the fourth son of the family, born October 18, 1812, who was one of the most conspicuous, in- fluential and busy citizens of Lancaster. The farmers' boys of this count}' sixty years ago left school and went to work when quite young. When our subject was about nineteen years of age he commenced learning the milling business at Wabank, then one of the most exten- sive local industries, and for a j-ear and a-half he worked for $4 per month, the following two years receiving $11 per month. He soon developed a marked aptitude for business, and bj- sagacit}- in business ventures managed to lay the foundation of his future success. In 1835, when conducting 118 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the mill for the owner, Jacob Huber, on shares, there was a failure in the wheat crop, and he early saw the demand that would follow for grain, and began buying up large quantities. Wheat com- manded 11.10 and $1.20 at times, and during the entire winter he continued making large invest- ments. On one occasion when an ark load of five hundred barrels of flour was detained on a canal for a short time to remove the heads of barrels, as they had become wet, flour adv.anced in price and Mr. Bausman made 1500 by the accident. In that year wheat was brought to this country from Eu- rope, but only a low grade of flour could be made from it, and the entire product of Mr. Bausman 's operations was needed for the local demand, it readil}' bringing $11 per barrel in this city. After seven j-ears' experience in the mill, our subject, accompanied by John Lintner, concluded to trj' his fortune in the vvest and proceeded to Ohio. At a point between Springfield and Dayton they engaged in distilling and farming, but in the fall their fathers came out to view the situation, and not being satisfied with the prosjject, induced the young men to return to Pennsylvania. The Wabank mill being then for sale, it was bought by Mr. Bausman and Col. William B. Fordney. On engaging in business for himself, our subject rap- idly extended his operations in grain, which for fifteen years were of a very extensive character, and he became known all througli eastern Penn- sylvania as a large dealer in grain, lumber, flour and cattle. During the Irish famine in 1847, he dealt largely in corn, making frequent purchases and often engaging to deliver as much as ten thou- sand bushels at one transaction in the Philadelphia Corn Exchange. Mr. Bausman finally sold his mill property to a hotel company, which made a failure of the enter- prise. For years he was an almost daily visitor to Lancaster, and was constantly associated with its active business men and commercial concerns. He was one of the original members of the Lancaster Gas Company, and was early interested in the cot- ton mills, being one of the joint owners of Mill No. 3 at one time. During the existence of the Lancaster Fire Insurance Company he was one of its managers, and was extensively interested in the Enterprise Coal Company. A great portion of his time was devoted to the management of the Far- mers' National BanK, of which he was made Pres- ident in 1868, and which has a history of over eiglity-four years, having been established in 1810, with a capital of 1300,000. This has since then increased to -¥450,000 and is the onl3' bank remain- ing out of forty chartered by the Legislature in 1810. Mr. Bausman was one of the first stock- holders and directors in the IMillersville turnpike, w.as for many years identified with the Millersville State Normal School, and a Trustee of Franklin and Marshall College, being Treasurer of its Board for twenty-eiglit3-ears. To this position he was suc- ceeded by his son, J. W. B. Bausman, in June, 1893. Until he was over forty years of age Jacob Baus- man made his home with his father. In January, 1854, he married Mrs. Mary Baer, who died in February, 1862, leaving one son, J. W. B., who is now President of the Farmers' National Bank of this city. For years his home was on the Colum- bia Turnpike, about three miles west of the city, but some years ago he removed to Lancaster, mak- ing his home with his son on West Chestnut Street, and there his death occurred February 11, 1894. He was widel}' known as a business man of rare sagacity and unquestioned integrity. He justly took pride in his native countrj', and in the wealth and high cultivation of the lands of the Manor, on which his ancestors settled so many decades ago, and where their descendants remain among the first citizens of the community. Times liave changed since those early days, and the miller of this generation has to watch more closely the fluc- tuations of the grain market, the farmer no longer has a distillery on his premises, but in the main, the agricultural methods are not radically different from those of half a century ago in Lancaster County, and in its history no name is more hon- ored than that of Bausman. ♦^Sf^ JOHN W. B. BAUSMAN is the only child of Jacob and Mary (Baer) Bausman, and is a leading lawyer and banker, who has been prominently connected with all public enter- prises and improvements in this localit}'. He is PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHTCAL RECORD. 119 the capable and well known President of the Farmers' National Bank and seems to have a spe- cial fitness for financiering. His apprenticeship was served in the same institution, and from his j'onth he has been familiar with all tlie details of the large business transacted by this bank. The birth of Mr. Bailsman occurred in East Hempfleld Township, of this county, March 12, 1855. and his earl^' .school days were passed at the common schools in the vicinity. Afterward he attended the Millersville .State Normal School, then entering tlie Freshman Class at Lafayette College at E.iston in September. 1870, from which he was graduated four years later with the degree of Bach- elor of Arts. Immediately afterward he began the study of law in the ollicc of S. II. Ueybolds. now deceased. Subscquentlj- he accepted a clerkship in the Farmers' National Bank, which position he held a year and a-lialf, becoming familiar with the practical banking business. Resuming his studies, he was admitted to the Bar in December, 1877, and is still engaged in practice. In 1878, and again in 1880, Mr. Bausman spent some months in traveling in Europe, and on his return gave for the benefit of charitable objects a number of lectures on his European observations, which were of a high character. lie is one of the few attorneys in liie city who are members of llie American Bar Association, which holds its annual meeting at Saiatoga. He holds an enviable place among the brethren of the legal profession in this city. Since 1880 he has been a Director of the Farmers' National Bank and Secretary of the Board for most of this period. He isTreatiurer of Frank- lin and Marshall College, Secretary and Treasurer of the Manor Turnpike Road Company, Secretary and Treasurer of the Lancaster, Oxford A- Southern Railroad Company; a Director of the Pennsyl- vania Investment Company of Reading, and a Di- rector of the Electric Street Railway Company of Lancaster. In a number of other organizations in this cit}^ he is Treasurer, and his manifold duties fully occupy his time. In addition to all this he has executed a number of large trusts as executor, administrator and assignee. In April, 1880, Mr. Bausman married Miss An- nette, daughter of Hon. Thomas E. Franklin, formerly Attorney-General of Pennsylvania. Mrs. Bausman died in June, 1882, leaving one son, named for her father, Thomas Franklin. Mr. Bans- man was again married, in Ma}-, 181)2, being united with Miss Blanche Franklin, to whom has been born one son, J. W. B., Jr. January 18, 1892, our subject succeeded his fa- ther as President of the Farmers' National Bank, which position he has since held. He was one of the originators of the Pennsylvania German So- ciety. In politics he is a stanch Republican and has several times been a delegate to state conven- tions. In benevolent work he has ever taken a leading and interested part, being one of the Trus- tees and manager of Bethany Orplians' Home, of which his uncle. Rev. Dr. Beujaman Bausman, of Reading, is President. Religiously, he holds mem- bership with St. Paul's Reformed Church, of which he is a Trustee, and is a man whom to know is to respect most highly. ^-^ (S~ ROBERT FULTON. Wherever the English language is spoken or steam navigation used, the name of Fulton is a familiar household word. Robert Fulton, whose inventive ability rendered possible the successful introduc- tion of steam navigation, was born of Irish par- ents, at Little Britain (now Fulton Township), Lancaster County, Pa., in 1765. At the age of three years he was orphaned by his father's death, and being therefore thrown upon his own resources at an early age he developed the traits of self-re- liance that distinguished his career in later life. At the age of seventeen Mr. Fulton went to Philadelphia, where he was engaged as a miniature painter, and also followed mechanical pursuits. Before attaining his majority, with money saved from his earnings he purchashed a farm in Wash- ington County, to which he brought his mother. Acting upon the advice of gentlemen who had been attracted by his talent, he -went to England and placed himself under the tuition of Benjamin 120 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. West, in whose home he -was an inmate for several years. Later, while traveling througli the coun- try, he met tlie Duke of Bridgewater, founder of the canal system in Great Britain, upon wliose ad- vice he abandoned the profession of an artist for the trade of a civil engineer. For eighteen months he was employed at Birmingham, and during tliat time met Watt, who had just succeeded in his great improvement of the steam engine. In 1797 Mr. Fulton toolv up his residence in France, and remained with Joel Bartow for seven years. In September, 1793, he had addressed a let- ter to Earl Stanhope, proposing to communicate to him the principle of an invention respecting the navigation of ships by steam. At Paris he met Chancellor Livingston, tlien United States minister to France, who, entering into his views, proposed to furnisli the necessary funds for an ex- periment and contract for the introduction of the new method, if successful, into the United States. Late in 1803 Mr. Fulton constructed a working model of his intended boat, and at the same time commenced building a vessel 66x8. When finished it did not move with the speed expected. In tlie same year he sent an order to Watt ik Boulton for a steam engine to propel a boat of large size, which was completed and reached New York in 1806. In 1807 the "Clermont" was finished, and its pro- gress through the waters of the Hudson was five miles an hour. So completely was the utility of the invention established that the legislature con- tracted to extend the exclusive privilege of Mr. Livingston and Mr. Fulton five years for every additional boat, provided the time did not exceed thirty 3'ears. In 1809 Mr. Fulton obtained his first patent from the United States. Some litigation arose from what was termed the steamboat mouopol}', but the exclusive right to navigate the waters of the state remained in the possession of Mr. Fulton and his partner during the lifetime of the former. Attend- ing as a witness before the New Jersey Legislature in January, 1815, on an attempt b}' Livingston to obtain a repeal of the Retaliatory Act of that state, leveled at the steamboat monopoly, Mr. Fulton on his return was exposed for several hours to the in- clemency of the weather while crossing the water in an open boat and contracted a severe illness, which resulted in his death February 24, 1815. Congress passed an act in 1846 appropriating 176,300 in full of the claims of Mr. Fulton against the United States, for the invention of floating steam-batteries, superintending the con- struction of the steam frigate "Fulton," and for the great benefit conferred on the country by his improvements in the application of steam to navi- gation. T' aiADDEUS STEVENS was born in Dan- ville, CaledoniaCounly,Vt., April 4, 1792. His father, who was a noted wrestler and a man of dissipated habits, enlisted in the War of 1812, and at the battle of Oswego received a wound from wliicii he died a few days afterward. Under the training of his mother, a woman of noble char- acter, he was prepared for the honorable position which he filled in later life. AVhile a student in Burlington College he witnessed, witii the aid of a spy glass, September 11, 1814, the fight between McDonough and the British fleet on Lake Cham- plain. In 1815 he was graduated from Dartmouth College. During the latter part of 1815 Mr. Stevenscame to Pennsylvania, where for a time he taught in an academy. Later he was admitted to the Bar and opened an oftice for the practice of his profession. Like the majority of young lawyers, he found the path to success a slow and tedious one. When almost discouraged, he was retained for a murder case when none of the prominent attorne3'S seemed willing to undertake the defense. His fee was $1,500, but he was unsuccessful in the case, for his client was convicted and executed. Many years later he stated that he had been counsel for the defense in more than fifty murder cases, in all of which but one he had been successful; adding that ever}' one of them deserved to be hanged but the man who met with that fate and who was certainly insane. In 1821 Mr. Stevens became a member of the Assembly from Adams County, and for twenty PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 121 years was one of the raost influential public men of tlic state. His services in the Pennsylvania Legis- lature closed with the session of 1811. In August, 1842, he removed to Lancaster, where he afterward acquired prominence on account of his efforts to carr\' out his principles of freedojn. lie hated op- pression in every form, and it was his fortune to survive until after the close of liie Rehellion, and to witness the freedom of the slaves, whose cause he had ever warmly espoused. In 1858 he was elected to Congress by a large majority, and his reputation there was that of a sagacious, eloquent and wise legislator. He died August 11, 1868, and was buried in Schreiner's Cemetery, Lancaster. Above his tomb, in accordance with his request, was placed this inscription: "I repose in this quiet and secluded spot, not from any natural -preference for solitude; but tindiug other cemeteiies limited b}' charter rules to race, I have chosen it that I might be enabled to illustrate in my death the principles that I have advocated through a long life — equal- ity of man before the Creator." The charters of the principal cemeteries of Lancaster stipulated that no person of color should be interred within their limits. He had bought lots in both cemeter- ies, wiien on receiving the deeds sent them back, refusing to be buried in either, and selected as his last resting place the smallest cemetery in the cit3', which alone was free from this objection. O JOHN B. MYERS. Among the respected old settlers of Pequea Township, Lancaster Coun- ty, is he whose name heads this sketch, whose home has been in this community for con- siderably more than half a century, during which time he has put forth his endeavors in aid of pro- gressive movements, and has been actively con- cerned in tlie development of the county. The paternal grandfather of John B. was David Myers, who followed farming, as have many gen- erations of the family. He was a member of the old Mennonite Church, and politically was a Feder- alist and afterward a Whig. He was the father of seven children, Jacob, Martin, David, Henry, Liz- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 123 zie (Mrs. Herr), Faffnie (wife of David Lanilis, and now deceased), and Mary, who became the wife of Adam IJreneman. David Myers, our subject's father, was born in ^Manheim Township, and on arriving at man's es- tate settled in Pequea Township, wiiere lie devoted his energies to agricultural pursuits during the re- mainder of his life. For one term he served as a School Director, and was an active Republican. In the old Mennonite Church of which he was a mem- ber, he acted in an oflicial capacitj' at times. For his wife he chose Miss Barbara Burkholder, and they had two sons and a daughter, John B., Annie and Amos. The birth of John B. Myers occurred on the old homestead in Pequea Township, on which he now resides, and tiie date of the event was September 20, 183(). His bo3-hood passed without event of special moment, his time being occupied twixt work and play, as is common with farmer lads. His educational privileges were limited to such as were afforded by the common schools of the neigh- borhood, in which he was a student during a large share of the year until he had reached his eigh- teenth year. Under his father's instruction he obtained an actual knowledge of farm labor and the bes't methods of carrying on agriculture, and on arriving at his maturity adopted this as his life vocation. The farm which he now owns and to the cultivation of which he has for years given his honest labor and careful supervision is one of the best in the township, and numbers about one hun- dred and forty-five acres. Good improvements are upon tlie place in the shape of barns and necessary farm buildings, as well as a commodious and pleas- ant home. Mr. Myers is one of the Directors of the Lancas- ter County Bank, and has often supported in one wa}' or another local industries and enterprises. In politics he has been a Republican since the forma- tion of the party, prior to which lime he was a Whig. In his religious convictions he is a Menno- nite, in the faith of which denomination he was reared, and is one of the [lillars in the old Menno- nite Congregation. In the year 1862, Mr. Myers wedded Miss Mar- tha Ilerr, who was born and grew to womanhood in this township, where she received her educa- tion. She is a daughter of Martin Herr, one of the wealthy and retired citizens of this township, who has now reached the extreme old age of ninety- four years. Mr. and Mrs. Myers have liad a family comprising three sous and three daughters, whose names are respectively: David, Ada, Annie, Mar- tin, Elam and Henry. The parents have carried out their ideas of giving children good educations and training in practical branches, with the re- sult that their offs])ring are numbered among the best citizens and members of society in the places where their abode is made. Mr. Myers is an up- right and honorable man and has a reputation for veracity and high principle which is second to none in the neighborhood where he has lived as a boy and man. ^^(^ FRANK P. COHO. The subject of this sketch resides in Lancaster, where he is en- gaged in the wholesale coal business, and is also Treasurer of the Hamilton Watch Com- pany. Born in Schuylkill County, this state, January 9, 1844, he is the son of John L. Coho, a native of Columbia County, and the grandson of Asa Coho, whose birth occurred in Bucks County, and who was a soldier in the Revolution- ary War. Tiie great-grandfather of our subject bore the name of Ambrose Coho and was born in Pcnnsj'lvania, of French descent. The entire fam- ily were C^uakers in religion, and the father of our subject was a trader in lands. He was also Justice of the Peace iu his community for over thirty years, in that early day occupying the posi- tion of what now would be Judge. He departed this life in 1881 in Schuylkill County, when seventy-nine years of age. .. The mother of our subject, known in her maid- enhood as Elizabeth Kutz, was born in the above county and was the daughter of Peter Kutz, a na- tive of this state, and of German descent. Mrs. Coho died in 1880, firm iu the faith of the Re- 124 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. formed Church. She re.ared a family of ten chil- dren, only seven of whom are now living. Frank P. attended the public schools of his native place until attaining his seventeenth year. In 1874 he came to Lancaster, where he has since been en- gaged in the wholesale coal trade. In Julj^, 1892, the Hamilton Watch Company was organized, of which he was chosen Treasurer. In Schuylkill County in 1867 occurred the mar- riage of Frank P. Coho and Miss Emma A. Will- iams, a native of Danville, this state. To them have been born five children. Herbert, a grad- uate of the Lancaster High School, is residing iu New York City, where he is engaged in the Elec- trical business; Eugene is Receiving Teller in the Lancaster County Bank; Ralph will complete his studies in the high school with the Class of '94; Nellie and Mabel are at home. In politics Mr. Coho is an active Republican. He was one of the organizers and directors of the Western Market Com pan}', and also held the same position in the Edison Electric Illuminating Company, of which he was Vice-President until resigning. •■^=^m>^^ «> >l I > > ISAAC STIRK, who has been in the leaf to- bacco business since 1874, and is now one of the honored residents of Lancaster, will form the subject of this biography. He was born in Conestoga Valley, March 11, 1825, being the son of Hetzel Stirk, a native of the same place. Grand- father Stirk, who was a wagon-maker by trade, came from Germany and located in East Earl Township. Our subject's father engaged in farm work in East Earl Township and there died aged seventy-one years. He belonged to the Evangel- HON. A. HERR SMITH. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 131 ical Association. His wife, the mother of our sub- ject, who before her marriage was Ann Overholser, was born in Kast Earl Township, the daughter of Mr. and Jlrs. Martin Overliolscr, of German de- scent, wlio were memberb of tlie Mennonite ( liurcli and large land holders^. Our subject's mother diod at the advanced age of eiglity-cighl years. In the parental family there were two sons aiul two daughters, our subject being the eldest. He was reared upon the farm and attended the district schools, obtaining what knowledge he could in that way. At the age of nineteen years he en- gaged as clerk in a general mercantile store of Reading, remaining two years, and in 1847 started in business for himself at Belleville with his uncle, Daniel Overholser, tlie style of the liru) being Over- holser ife Stirk. This partnership continued for four years, then our subject sold and removed to Philadelphia, wheie he engaged in the cn)ckerv business. In ISal Mr. Stirk located at No. 2.')6 Xoith Third Street in the crockery business, anil in IKofi removed to No. 45 North Third Street, the style of the firm then being Stirk, Field A' Co. In IMtM he severed liis connection with Stirk, Field it Co. and engaged extensively in importing crockery with a special partner from Boston. After the close of the Civil War he and a Mr. Hoar engaged in the wholesale and jobbing of crockery in Phil- adelphia. In 1809 he sold out and located in Lancaster, where he embarked ju the lumber busi- ness, and operated a sawmill about one year. We next find him engaged in the retail crockery busi- ness at Nos. 8 and 10 East King .Street, but in 1874 he embarked in the leaf tobacco business, in which he is still operating. His present location is No. 212 North Queen Street, the style of this firm being Isaac Stirk & Co. They do an exten- sive business both in the east and west, and have a capacity of twenty-five hundred cases. They make a specialty of the finest goods, and no man is a better judge of leaf tobacco and the manufac- tured goods than Mr« Stirk. Our subject was married in Lancaster County, July 23, 18.53, to Aliss Sallie C. Shirk, a native of the same county and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Shirk. By this marriage six children were 2 born, four of whom are living, as follows: Anna, Mrs. T. R. Martin, of Wilkes Barre; William, who is associated with our subject; Edwin, residing at Wilkes Bane, engaged in the clothing business, and Isaac, Jr., a hardware merchant of Wilkes Bane. Virginia died in Philadelphia in Decem- ber, 18fiC, and Emilie also died in the same mouth and year. Mr. Stirk is a member of the Method- ist Episcopal Church and is a member of the Board of Stewards. Politically lie is a Republican. ^I ^ ^^aa). l>^^var, participating in some of the hardest-fought battles of that period. Our subject was born in the city of Y'ork, this state, April 21, 1819, and is the son of Michael Graybill, also a native of that place. The first representative of the family in America came 138 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. from Saxony, Germany, and located in the Key- stone State, where they afterward became promi- nent in its history. The father of our subject was a blacivsinith in York and also served as a soldier in the War of 1812. He lived to the advanced age of ninety-nine years, dying at the home of Philip in the year 18.53. The grandfather of our subject lived to be one hundred and Ave years old. Mrs. Nancy (King) Graybill was born in east- ern Ireland, and when quite young was brought to America b\' an uncle, with whom she lived until her marriage. She also is deceased, dying in 1829. With her husband she was a consistent member of the Episcopal Church and lived an honest, upright life. Philip, of this sketch, was the only member of the parental family, and after attaining his thirteenth year apprenticed himself to learn the trade of a cabinet-maker, working under Colonel Hay of York for seven years, four months and ten daj'S, receiving during tiiat time only his board and clothes. After mastering the business young Graybill remained in the employ of that gentle- man until March 17, 1847, when he located in this city. After coming here our subject engaged to work for Jacob Bear, remaining with him four years, when he entered the shop of John ""May. He worked for different parties in the city until the outbreak of the late war, and in the fall of 1861 enlisted in Company H, Seventy-ninth Pennsyl- vania Infantry, commanded by Capt. Michael Lucher, and was mustered into service a^ Pitts- burg and sent to join the Army of the Cum- berland. He participated in the following well- known and hard-fought battles: Green River, Ky., Sweden's Cove, Tenn., Chattanooga, Chapman Hill, Ky., Stone River, Hoover's Gap, Chickamau- ga, Buzzard's Roost, and in fact in all the engage- ments in which his regiment took part up to 1864. He went with Sherman on his memorable march to the sea, then on to Savannah, Ga., up to Rich- mond, Bentonville and Goldsboro. From the latter place the regiment went to Washington, D. C, and witnessed the Grand Review, after which they were mustered out at Alexandria, Va., in June, 1866. During his period of enlistment our subject was never wounded, taken prisoner or on the sick list, with the exception of the''thirty days' furlough, when he returned home. After the close of the war Mr. (Tra;y bill letunicd to Lancaster and began working in a sash factory. In the fall of 1876, however, he started in business for himself on a small scale, making models and doing all kinds of light wood work. His place of business is located at No. 232 South Water Street and the machiner}- is operated by water power. Our subject was married in Columbia, tliis state, in 1852, to Miss Elizabeth Spindler, a native of this city. Their union was blessed by the birth of six children, only two of whom (Philip and George) are living. The former is engaged in business with oui- subject, while the elder son is employed in the Champion Blower Works. As a matter of course ISIr. Graybill belongs to the Grand Army of tlie Republic, holding mem- bership with George H. Thomas Post No. 84, and is also connected with the Union Veterans' Legion. In politics he is a strong Republican and cast his first vote in 1840 for William Henry Harrison. The Trinity Lutheran Church finds in him a val- ued member and he is active in all good works. -=1-^^-^! /""V EORGE W. ANNE is senior member of V T the firm of Anne & Thomas, manufac- turers of fire escapes, iron fences and orna- mental iron work. He is enterprising and popu- lar, and occupies a high place in the esteem of his fellow-townsmen for the valiant part wiiich he took in the late war. Conrad Anne, the father of our subject, was born in Lancaster, while his father, who also bore the name of Conrad, was a native of German3', and after emigrating to the United States made his home in this city, where he followed the trade of a cabinet-maker. He was a true Christian and a member in good standing of the Lutheran Church. During the later years of his life he was the pro- prietor of a fine furniture and undertaking estab- lisiiment, manufacturing all of his own goods. He departed this life in 1866, when only forty-seven HON. MARRIOTT BROSIUS. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 141 years of age. His wife prior to lier marriage was iiiiown as .lane E. Rigg, a native of Danville, this state. Slie is still living, and inakos liPi- home in A 1 toon a. The |»arental family of our subject included eigiit children, of whom we make tiie following mention: William vv.as a machinist, and is now deceased. Alonzo served as a soldier during the late war, serving his country faithfully and well for three years and three months; he is also de- ceased. Our subject w.-us the next in order of birth; Harry is engaged in business witli George, of this sketch; Mary E. is the wife of Frank R. Finney, of Altoona; Annie, Alice and Cordelia are deceased. The subject of this sketch was born in Lancas- ter, February 22, 1847, and after acquiring a good education in the public schools learned the cabi- net-maker's trade un HON. MARRIOTT BROSIUS, M. C. The progress of Lancaster County lias been promoted and its fame enhanced by its man}' noble sons, who, entering the arena of pub- lic life, have through the exercise of native abili- ties gained a national reputation. .Such an one is the subject of this biographical review, a man of extended information, liberal culture, with clear and concise opinions on all important questions, and one whose eloquence, integrity and superior intellectual gifts entitle him to rank among the eminent statesmen of the country. It IS a fact of which Mr. Biosius may well be proud, that both his paternal and maternal ances- 142 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. tors were of sturdy Quaker stock. The first repre- sentative of tlie Brosius family in America was his great-grandfather, Henry, who, emigrating from England in the year 1780, settled near Philadel- phia. Grandfather Malilon Brosius, who was born in Chester County, there engaged in the occupa- tion of a potter. He was a worthy man and a prominent member of the Society of Friends. Our subject's father, Clarkson Brosius, also a native of Chester County, followed farming pursuits until his death in 1842. His mother, Rachael, who died in 1850, was a daughter of Samuel Hambleton, a farmer of ChesLer County. There were five children in the family, and three are now living, of whom Marriott is the eldest. In 1840 the family removed from Chester County to Colerain Township, Lancaster County, and there his birth occurred March 7, 1843. His boy- hood years were busily but uneventfully passed upon the home farm, and in the infrequent inter- vals from agricultural work he attended the neigh- boring scliools. His broad information, however, has been gained mainly through self-culture and his own unaided exertions. Shortly before the war he entered the Chestnut Hill Academy', in Co- lerain Township, where for a brief period he con- tinued his studies. The opening of the Rebellion aroused the pa- triotic spirit of the young student, and laying aside his books, he enlisted in the service of the Union. In November, 1861, when only eighteen years of age, his name was enrolled as a member of Company K, Ninety-seventh Pennsylvania In- fantry, Captain Wayne commanding the companj-, and Col. Henry W. Guss the regiment. He was mustered in as First Corporal, and served for thir- ty-eight months, meantime being promoted to Ser- geant, and later to Lieutenant. Possessing the dauntless courage of a veteran, with the enthu- siasm of youth, he was ever conspicuous for gal- lantry in the field. On the 20th of May, 1864, during the terrible charge ,at Bermuda Hundred, Va., he was as usual in the thickest of the fight, when, stooping to raise a wounded comrade, a ball from the rifle of a Confederate sharpshooter pierced his shoulder. He was taken from the field into the hospital, where it was found that the bone of the arm had been destroyed at the shoulder-joint. He was obliged to undergo a severe operation; a section of the bone from the shoulder-joint toward the elbow was removed, {"or a long time the re- sult of the operation seemed doubtful. For three months he lay in one position, hovering between life and death, and for eight months he was con- fined in the hospital. Finally he recovered his health, but his arm has been disabled from that day to this. In December, 1864, he was honorablj' dis- charged from the service. Years after the war, one of the field officers of the regiment, writing of Mr. Brosius as a soldier, paid him this tribute: "His record is linked and written with the Ninety-seventh Regiment, in whose rolls his name was subscribed in 1861. Its history is his history, and its fame is his fame, and its glorious deeds are the sum of tiie faithful brave deeds of the men who with him went forth at the call of this country to battle for the preservation of the life of the nation. Among the most ear- nest, and yet quiet and unobtrusive in all his ac- tions, was Marriott Brosius. From the day of his enlistment in the service until stricken down by the bullet of the enemy, he was ever at his post of duty, active and vigilant as a sentinel, brave and courageous in the line of battle. He was regarded as a model soldier, as well from the force of culture that indicated the perfect gentleman, as from the exact fulfillment of duty that indicated the trained veteran soldier." Returning to his home and resuming the duties of civic life, Mr. Brosius soon entered the Normal School at Millersville, where he remained until 1867. He commenced the study of law with Hon. Thomas E. Franklin, ex-Attoiney-General of Penn- sylvania, and a prominent attorney of Lancaster. Later entering the law department of the Univer- sity of Michigan at Ann Arbor, he was graduated with honors from that institution in 1868. Dur- ing the same year he was admitted to the Bar, and opening an office at Lancaster, soon became known as a skillful, accurate and judicious lawyer. A talent for oratory is one of the native gifts of Mr. Brosius. In the early days of the temper- ance movement, before it had taken the Prohib- itory turn, he received from the Order of Good PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 143 Templars an oflfer of the position of State Lecturer for tlieir organization. For tins position he had been recommended by the poet, George W. Bun- gay, who had heard him speak and was convinced that he would be of the greatest service in that capacity. It was by no means an eas}- position. He was in constant demand, and once made thirty- four speeches in thirty days. While, however, it was not an eas}' place, yet it proved of the great- est benefit to him, developing in him a fluency of expression, tact and versatility that have since contributed largely to his success. His fame as an orator is as widely known as his name. In 1876 he was chosen to deliver the Centennial Oration at Lancaster. September 18, 1880, on the eigli- teenth annivcrsar}' of the battle of Antietam, he delivered the oration on the occasion of the un- veiling of the statue in the National Cemetery at Antietam. In political mattere Mr. Brosius has always been i independent, placing principle above part}' in his thoughts and actions. June 24, 1882, he was nominated for Congressraan-at-large by the Re- publican State Convention, but failed of election, though running seventy-six hundred votes ahead of his ticket. On the 14th of April, 1888, he was nominated for Congress by the Republican party in Lancaster County, and was elected to the Fift}'- first Congress by a plurality of one thousand and two votes, there being four candidates in the field. Two years later he was .igain chosen for that hon- orable position, was re-elected in 1892, and in 1894 was elected to the Fifty-fourth Congress. In the House of Representatives his career has been that of an able, talented statesman, one who places the interests of his constituents above his personal welfare, and who advances their interests in every way possible. Socially, Mr. Brosius belongs to the Independ- ent Order of Odd Fellows, and also holds member- ship in the George 11. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. He adheres to the Quaker faith, and is devoted to the religion of his ancestors. His marriage, oc- curring in Chester County, March 18, 1869, united him with Miss Elizabeth .1. Coates, a native of this county, and a daughter of Simmons Coates, whose family was long prominent in the Quaker Church. Mi-s. Brosius was educated in the Millersville Nor- mal School, and is a cultured, refined lady, whose talents enable her to assist her husband b^' active co-operation and counsel. Four children blessed their union, two of whom, Gertrude C. and Grace Anna, survive. In 1893 tiie honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon Mr. Brosius by Ursanus Col- lege. Other deserved honors have been bestowed upon him from time to time, and these he has ac- cepted modestly and unostentatiously. Poverty in youth did not humiliate, nor does power and suc- cess unduly exalt him. He retains to an unusual degree the unpretentious manner and simple hab- its that characterized his years of private life. To sum up the principal points in his character, we can do no better than quote from his home paper, the Lancaster jExoHK'ner, as follows: "Mr. Brosius is known because he deserves recognition, won by his brains, his integrity and the force of his char- acter. A plain, unpretentious man, never seeking office, or asking any one's political support, he is to-daj' the embodiment of political independence. Conscience has alwa3's been his guide, not the am- bition of selfishness. Duty called him to the front in the country's battle with treason. He asked but a private's rank. Courage and scars, not favor or beseeching, gave him the officer's epaulettes. In civil life he made himself. He came from the plow, and industry, perseverance and self-reliance placed him in the upper seats of the forum." HON. J. L. STEINMETZ is one of the most promising and enterprising citizens of Lancaster, being identified with many of her leading industries and interests. For nearly a quarter of a century he has been a leading attor- ney-at-law, having built up a fine reputation as a member of the legal profession. He is President of the People's National Bank and President of the Trust, Savings and Deposit Company, which two institutions do a business of over $1,000,000 144 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. per annum and enjoy the universal confidence of the public. Moreover he is President of the Citi- zens' Electric Light, Heat and Power Company and serves in a like ca))acity with the Clay & Ilin- kletown Turnpike Company. He is a man of wide information, having traveled extensively both in this country and on the continent of P^uropc, and is a most interesting conversationalist. A native of South Annville, Lebanon County, this state, Mr. Steiumetz was born August 22, 1845. His grandfather, Charles, was born and reared in Germany, and coming to this country, settled near Eplirata, of which he was one of the founders, and there his death occurred when he had reached the age of seventy-seven years. His wife, whose maiden name was Beaver, lived to the age of ninety-three years, and of Lheir eight children two died at the age of ninety-two j-ears, two at the age of eighty-eight, and one lived until his eighty- seventh year. The youngest, Mrs. Coover, is still living at a ripe old age, and one of her brothers died in his sixty-eighth year, while the remaining members of the family departed this life when nearly fifty-two years of age. This is a remarkable record of longevity and it is probabl}' on the ma- ternal side that this inheritance of long life has come down to her descendants. Jacob Steinmetz, Sr., father of our subject, was born near Ephrata, this county, where on arriving at man's estate he engaged in farming and later purchased the Secrest propertj' in South Annville, Lebanon County, where he engaged extensively in farming until his deatli, which occurred when he was in the prime of life, in 1851. In religious faith he was a member of the Lutheran denomina- tion and in politics was a Democrat. His wife, formerly Catherine Gross, was a daughter of John Gross, of Ephrata, who was a large dealer in real estate and also engaged in merchandising and hotel keeping. Mr. Gross was a prominent man, having served as Postmaster and was one of the or- ganizers of the Lancaster Count}' National Bank, in which he had seventy-two shares of the original stock at the time of his death. His property, which was very valuable and extensive, fell to his six cliildren on his demise. He was one of the stock- holders and promoters of the Horse Shoe Turnpike Company, it being organized in 1803. He was actively identified in its upbuilding, and the stone bridges and roads were largely constructed by special state appropriations, which he was active in securing. His wife, Mary A., was a daughter of Col. John Wright, a Colonel in the Revolutionary War. Ephrata is also noted where the Seventh Day Baptists established their first church, and there was the first printing press with wooden type used in America. John Gross was one often children and his father settled near Manheim in 1737. The family originated in Germany, where the father was a wealth}' agriculturist, and to each of his children he gave $10,000. Mrs. Steinmetz died at the age of eighty-one, in 1886. In a famil}' of eleven children our subject is the youngest, and seven of the number are living. He was reared to manhood at his birthplace, receiving a good education in the common schools and after- ward attending Annville Academy and Dickenson Seminary at Williamsport, being graduated with the degree of B.achelor of Arts. Subsequently he entered the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor and was graduated from the literary department with the degree of Master of Arts and from the law department with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. " At his Alma Mater he was a member, and at one time President of the Webster Literary So- ciety'. During the vacations of the Michigan University he was a law student of Hon. Isaac E. Hiester. In 1870 our subject began the practice of his profession at Lancaster, Pa., in partnership with Chailes E. Gast, now of Pueblo, Colo., and this partnership existed until 187.3, when Mr. Gast re- moved to the west. Our subject continued his large and lucrative practice alone until 1890, when John E. Malone became his partner. Mr. Malone was appointed Postmaster January 1, 1894, and then William 11. Keller, who was graduated with the highest honors in the law college at Washington, D. C, became the partner of Mr. Steinmetz. In the year 1876 our subject was a delegate to the convention at St. Louis which nominated Tilden for the Presidency, and the same fall was elected to the State Legislature from Lancaster on the Dem- ocratic ticket, overcoming a large Republican ma- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHTCAL RECORD. 145 jority. During his two years' service he was a member of a number of important <'omniittees, but since tliat time has abandoned politics, devoting his attention to law and banking. February 5, 1890, our subject married Miss Mar^- A'irginia Hawthorn, whose birth occurred in the Old Dominion. Her father, James Clcmson Hawthorn, a native of this county, went to Vir- ginia prior to the war, where be carried ou a ()lan- tation. Ills wife, Mary L., is a daughter of .loiin Eberman, who for twenty-five years was c.asiiier of the Farmers' National Bank of tiiis city. To our subject and his wife has been born one child, who is called in honor of his maternal grandfather Hawthorn. In .lanuary, 18!)0, Mr. .Steinmetz was elected President of the People's Hank, and in .January, 1892, he was instrumental in the organization of the People's Trust, Savings and De[)osit Com- pany chartered under the laws of the state, by reason of which it is enabled to transact business relating to trusts, settlement of estates and similar transactions. The business of these two banks is kept entirely separate, though they are located in the same building, one of the finest of the kind in the state. The capital stock of the People's Na- tional Bank is §200,000, while that of the Trust Company is ^250,000. The latter has made over ten per cent, on the capital invested and has been a success from the start. The National Bank has been correspondingly successful, and both concerns have and merit the entire trust of the people. The Cit- izens' Electric Light, Heat and Power Companj' is a new organization incorporated in 189.3 and hav- ing a capital stock of 1100,000. The plant is a fine one, on the most modern plan, and the West- inghouse system is here found in all its perfection, all the latest electric machinery and appliances being used. The plant is located near Conestoga Creek, outside the city limits, by reason of which it can use the condenser with greatest economy, and is one of the finest concerns of the kind in the Union. The Clay and Hinkletown Turnpike Company, of which Mr. Steinmetz is President, has rebuilt and abandoned portions of tlie old Hoise-shoe Turnpike, a distance of eight and a-lialf miles, through a densely populated region, and this is a most important cnteri)rise. Our subject hasalways enjoyed a very paying and large practice as a law- yer and has been associated with many of the most |)roniii)ent cases in both local and federal courts. In 1889 he attended the Paris Exposition and spent some time pleasantly in travel in different parts of Europe. He also sojourned in Europe during the summer of 1891. His beautiful home is situated in the midst of large grounds pleasantly located ■<^>n North Duke Street and is considered one of the mt)st handsome places in the city. It is the interior furnishing and decorations which attest the elegant and cultured taste of botli Mr. and Mrs. Steinmetz. Their home is also adorned with several pieces of fine statuary and many rare and extpiisitc (laintings from the hands of the old masters. It is here in their superb home that they extend a graceful hospitality to their friends. • ^P • D.\NIKL M. Mf)ORE, proprietor of the Fre- mont Hotel at Columbia, is one of the most popular hotel men in this portion of the state. Mr. .^loore became the owner of his present house in January, 1892. It is the largest and best equipped hotel in the city, and is well patronized by the traveling public. Our subject is the son of .Samuel and Mary (Mc- Falls) Moore, and was born March 8, 1838, in Providence Township. Lancaster County. The first representative of the family in America was Grandfather Anthon}- Moore, who came hither from Ireland in 1700. He at once located in Bucks County, where he w6rked at his trade of ironmolder and remained until his removal to this county, where his last days were spent. He was a Whig in politics and fought as a soldier in the War of 1812. He was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church, and by his marriage with Miss Elizabeth Wertz there wer^ born six children: Samuel, David, Daniel, Sarah, Mary and Hannah. Samuel Moore was born in Berks Countj^ this 146 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD state, but later removed to Bucks County, where he owned a good tract of one hundred and sixty acres of land, which he cultivated with fair suc- cess. Prior to this, however, and wlien twenty- two years of age, he owned a farm and followed cliarcoaling, furnishing the farmers in tlie vicinity witli that product. He was a AVhig in politics until tlie organization of llie Republican party, when he joined its ranks. Tiie parental family of our subject included eleven children, of whom Daniel was the third eldest. His brotliers and sisters bore tlie respect- ive names of John, David, Samuel, Sarali, Mary, Elizabeth and Harriet. The father of tiiese chil- dren departed this life July 3, 1889, when in the eighty-eightli }'ear of his age. The original of this sketch received his educa- tion in the district schools of his native township, and on the outbreak of the late war volunteered his services to the Union Army, becoming a mem- ber of Company I, Eleventh Pennsylvania Cav- alry, and took part in many of the hard-fought battles of that period. He served during the en- tire period, and was mustered out September 13, 1865. When peace was declared our subject returned home, and soon thereafter removed to Rawlinsville, where he opened up a hotel, which he conducted for five and one-half years. In 1877 he removed to Lancaster, still continuing in the hotel bus- iness, and became the proprietor of the Lamb Hotel, and later of the White Swan Hotel, the lat- ter of which he operated for eight j'ears. We next find him in York, where he opened up the Washington Hotel, and two years later made his way to Chicago. His staj' in the World's Fair City was very short, however, and returning to Lancaster, he made that city his home until the 6th of January, 1892, the date of his advent into Columbia. Here he established the Fremont Hotel, which he is conducting at the present time. As before stated, it is the largest in the city, is con- veniently located, finely furnished, and Mr. Moore as "'mine host" is making a success of the busi- ness. Our subject has always been interested in the welfare of his city, and for a term of three years served in the City Council on the Republican ticket. He has been the recipient of various mi- nor offices and is an honest and intelligent man and a favorite with all. In social affairs he stands high in Masonic circles, belonging to Washington Lodge No. 56; Kosciusko Lodge No. 374, I. O. O. P., and Pliny Lodge No. 473, K. of P. He is a prominent Grand Army man and takes an act- ive interest in Reynolds Post No. 405. The marriage of our subject was celebrated De- cember 22, 1866, at which time Miss Rose Galen became his wife. Mrs. Moore died in August, 1874, and the lady whom our subject chose as his second companion was Miss Olivia, daughter of Francis B. Graff, of this county. ST^ BRAM B. BAILSMAN, D. V. S., makes his r — \ home in Millersville and owns a good farm which he superintends himself, it being located in Manor Townsliii). It is well improved, and the Doctor keeps a number of fine grades of cattle and horses. In the line of his profession he has acquired a large and lucrative practice and has studied for years the best works on tbe subject. His parents were Ahram and Anna (Brenaman) Bausman, and his birth occurred August 31, 1851, on liis father's old homestead. In tracing the family history we find that the great-grandfather of the Doctor, John Bausman, emigrated from Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, to the United States at a ver^- early da^', and his son, our subject's grandfather, who was born in the same province, left the Fatherland in order to es- cape military service, going across the Rhone to France. He was an excellent farmer and a distiller, and when about twenty years of age he came alone to the United States, settling near t)ie city of Lan- caster. Here he purchased a tract of land on which Bausman PostoflSce is now located, and owned two adjoining farms, aggregating some two hun- dred acres, on which he resided the remainder of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 147 his life and carried on a distillery, selling the prod- ucts of the same in Pittsburg, after they had been transported over the old state road. When death claimed him he was a man of considerable wealth and influence, and lield a number of township of- fices; he was a School Director and a strong advo- cate of the public school system. In polities he was first a Whig and later a Republican, and religiously was a member of the old Reformed Church of Lan- caster, serving in oHicial capacities. He became the father of the following named children: John, Andrew, Abram, Jacob, Samuel, Elizabeth, Henry, Philip and Benjamin. Abram Bausman, our subject's father, was born in Lancaster Township, near the present Postollice of Bausman and attended the early pa}- schools of the township. He remained with his father until attaining his majority, when he purchased the farm which our subject now owns in Manor Town- ship, a place of one hundred and eighty-three acres, where he made many improvements and continued to make his home until 1878. He then retired and built a handsome brick residence on the corner of the farm, where he passed his remaining years. A Republican, he was greatly interested in the cause of education, for years was a School Director and was one of the founders of the Millersville State Normal, in which he remained a Trustee until 1874, when he resigned. He was a member of the Reformed Church at Millersville, and in company with Samuel Bausman, Abram Peters, and his son Abram, with others, built the Zion's Reformed Church, in which he w.as an Elder for a long period. He married Anna, daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Brenanian, bj' whom he had nine children, as fol- lows: Jacob, a resident of Hagerstown. Md.; John; Abram, who died in his third year; Henry; our subject, the second bearing the name of Abram; Andrew, a practicing physician of Chicago; Anna, Barbara, and Benjamin, who died at the age of seven months. The father's death occurred December 29, 1891, and his wife, who is yet living, resides in Millersville. Dr. Bausman received his elementary education in the district schools of Manor Township, and afterwards attended for three years the Millers- ville Normal School. When eighteen years of age Ke took much of the care of his father's farm upon his own shoulders and in 1893 purchased the home- stead, part of winch had been sold off. This com- prises one hundred and twenty-two acres, and the Doctor has given a great deal of labor and attention to its proper management. In 1880 he took up the study of veterinary surgery, being under the instruction of several noted doctors in this profes- sion, and passed an examination before the Re- corder of this county, who pronounced him pro- ficient and granted him a certificate to practice. The Doctor is a Director in the Manor Turnpike Company, and occupies a similar position in the Eastern Market of Lancaster. For eight years he has been a Deacon in the Mt. Zion Reformed Church and an active worker in the denomination. Politically he is a Re|)ublican and is a loyal patri- otic citizen. January 15, 1878, occurred the marriage of our subject and Laura F. Bard. Her father, Samuel Bard, was one of the extensive and most prosper- ous farmers of Leacock Township. By his neigh- bors he was considered to be a man of unusual business ability, industrious, economical and with- al kind, S3'mpathetic, and one who stood high in the county. At the present time he has retired from his active business career, enjoying a well earned competence at his iiome in Upper Leacock Township. Ho is the father of the following children: Harry, Laura, James. Justice, Aggie, Samuel, Ida, and Willis, who is deceased. Dr. and Mrs. Bausman have had two children, Minnie, who is now attending the Normal School, and Abram Bard, who died on Christmas night, 1893. JOHN P. SCHAUM, a dealer in house furnish- ing goods, and manufacturer of tinware and the famous old-fashioned copper kettles, which business has been in the family for over one hundred years, will form the subject of this notice. He was born on South Queen Street, Lancaster, December 19, 1833, the son of Philip Schaum, who was also born there, and in that 148 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. place the grandfather, Philip H., resided. The gi-eat-oiandfather, Rev. Heinrich Schaura, was a native of Germanj', and a graduate of the col- lege of Holla; lie was the third Lutheran minis- ter to emigrate to this country-, and landed in Philadelphia in 1745. He was ordained in the old Trinity Church of Lancaster, and preached at York, Germantown, Rahway (N. J.), White Hall and other points. After a long, eventful and use- ful life, he was buried at White Hall, in Lehigh County, Pa. The grandfather of our subject, who was a co()- per-smitli, was established a business at Lancaster, and the same has been kept in the family for over a century. He died in 1812. Our subject's father, who conducted the copper-smith business at the old place, No. 27 South Queen Street, died in 1863, aged sixty-four years. Originally he was a Whig, but later in life was identilied with the Republican party. His wife's maiden name was Catherine Helt; she was a native of Wurtemberg, Oermany, and the daughter of Philip Helt, who was a biewerand distiller; he worked at that business all of his life, and died at Lancaster. Our subject's mother died at the age of sixty years. She was the mother of three children: Henry, a retired farmer living in Minnesota; .John P., our subject; and George B., who followed the furniture business and died at Lancaster. Our subject was reared in his native city, ob- taining a good education at the common and high schools. When seventeen years of age, he wasap- prenticed as a tinsmith under ex-Mayor Keeper, on East King Street, vvith whom he remained for three years. Afterward he was made foreman, remaining one year in that position, and then went to Philadelphia. There he worked a year at his trade, and in the year 1854 established himself in business on South Queen Street. It was in the year 1859 that he purchased Mr. Keeper's business and formed the company of Deaner & Schaum; he continued the business eight years, adding the plumbing business. In 1808 he sold his interest, and later conducted the same business on his own account, and is an extensive manufacturer of copper kettles, which are known all over this country, and upon which medals have been awarded at the Centennial, Franklin Institute and Pennsyl- vania State Fair. His trade extends over the mid- dle southern and western states. November 18, 1862, at Lancaster, he was united in marriage to Miss Anna M. Fordney, a native of ■Lancaster, as was her father, Jacob Fordney, and her grandfather, Jacob; the latter was a tanner of buckskin and a manufacturer of buckskin cloth- ing. His old tannery stood near No. 33 South Queen Street. Three brothers came from the line between France and Switzerland, and located in Lancaster; they were Huguenots. The Fordney family were large land owners in Pennsylvania at an early day. The original family name was Forthenieux, and was changed from that to Fortenee, and finally to Fordney. Mrs. Fordney 's father was a gun- smith, and conducted a shop at the corner of Orange and Prince Streets. He was a Henry Clay Whig, and had a log cabin in hisyard. He manu- factured guns and sold them to the Government, as well as to the dealers. He died at the age of seventy j-ears, a respected citizen and a consistent member of the German Reformed Church. Mrs. Schaum 's mother, whose maiden name was Rebecca Ackerman, was a native of Lancaster, and died young. Mrs. Schaum was her only child. She was reared by her Grandfather Fordney. Our subject and his wife are the panMils of three children: John (t., a i)lumberof Lancaster; Philip IL, a member of the linn of Dean & Schaum, elec- tricians; and Albert L., a clerk in Lancaster. The two oldest of these children are married. WILLIAM GOOD is Superintendent of the Lancaster County As3'lum, Hos- pital and Almshouse, a very responsi- ble position, the duties of which he discharges with conscientious and commendable ability. The Almshouse is very commodious and can accommo- date over four hundred persons. The Insane Asylum can give shelter to one hundred and ten patients, and the Hospital in connection vvith these has a capacity of one hundred persons. The build- ings are situated on the Philadelphia Pike and are JOHN D. SKILES. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 151 built on approved modern plans. They are kept in raost immaculate order, and the general manage- ment of affairs rellects great honor upon the Super- intendent. William Good was born in Upper Leacock Township, Lancaster County, September 18, 1835, and is of German descent. His paternal grand- father, Michael Good, operated a small farm in West Earl Township, and manufactured cradles on a small scale. Our subject's father, Cyrus Good, was born on the old liomestead carried on by his father and learned tiie cooper's trade. He farmed on a tract of land comprising forty-five acres in Upper Leacock Township, near Bareville, and lie also had a small cooperage. He died on his farm at tlic age of si.Kty-eight years, a man who was much respected by his fellows and one who was of an industiious and honorable ciiaraeter. His wife, Levina, a native of the same township, was a daughter of George Bear, who was a farmer of Earl Townshi]) and of German ancestry. The mother died when about seventy-nine years of age, leaving four children to mourn her loss, two of her children having previously ])assed awaj'. Reared to agricultural i)ursuits, William Good passed his earlj' days in the usual manner of farmer lads, attending the district scliool. He at- tended the primary schools conducted on the subscription plan, but later was a student in the public schools. The youth learned the cooper's trade, wliich he followed until he was about twen- ty-three years of age. He then married and be- gan farming, renting a place until 1883, when he purchased a property comprising fifty-two acres in East Earl Township, some three miles east of New Holland. To its cultivation and improve- ment he devoted himself for the succeeding ten years, and since that time has rented his farm. In April, 1893, Mr. Good was appointed by the Board of Trustees as Steward of the Lancaster County Asylum, Hospital and Almshouse, having previously served for about six years as a Director on the Board. He was elected to serve in tliat capacity in 1887 and was re-elected in 1890. The Poor Farm, which is well improved, consists of one hundred and ninety-six acres, part of which is in, and the remainder adjoining, the city limits. In 3 such a position as Mr. Good occupies the utmost good judgment, firmness and patience are required to deal with all classes of people, and especially those who are not noted for being very appreciative. When Mr. Good resided in Earl Township, he held a number of public offices, having been Supervisor, Assessor, Auditor, etc. In politics, he is a stanch Republican, having alwaj'S given his warm and zealous support to that party. He owns two good farms, one of fifty-two acres and the other having seventy acres within its bounds. As one of the Directors in the Lancaster County Mutual Live-stock Insurance Company, he is interested and in many public improvements he has borne an interested part. When twenty-three years of age our subject was married in Upper Leacock Township to Miss Savilla Sweigert, whose birth occurred there, and whose father, Charles Sweigert, followed farming in that locality. Seven children have graced the union of our subject .and wife, and the family cir- cle is yet unbroken by death. Emma is the wife of Reuben Sensing, a farmer of East Lampeter Township. Alice became the wife of John Musser, who operates a farm in Upper Leacock Township. Laura, Mrs. A. G. Rutter, lives on the old home- stead. Roland carries on the other farm owned by our subject. Cliarles and William have their home in Earl Township, and Annie resides with her parents. ' — ^m c^ — • JOHN D. SKILES is a prominent and worthy old settler of Lancaster, having been actively identified with its upbuilding, and during the years that he has passed within its limits has seen it increase from a town of about eight thousand inhabitants up to its present number of thirty-five to forty thousand citizens. For years he has been eng.aged in packing and wholesale dealing in leaf tobacco. He was one of the organ- izers, and since that time has been a Director in the Lancaster Trust Company. With the Penn- sylvania Traction Company he is similarly con- nected, and at various times has assisted materially 152 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. in the organization of local industries and con- cerns. Since the Fulton National Bank was organized Mr. Skiles has been one of the Directors, and for twenty years has been Treasurer of the Mechanics' Building & Loan Association. For a long time he has been a Trustee of the Lancaster Cemetery Association, and in many other enterprises has lent his support. Being interested in educational affairs, he is a Trustee of the I^ranklin and Mar- shall College, and of the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church. Religiously' he is a mem- ber of St. Paul's German Reformed Church, of which he is a Trustee. The birth of our subject took place April 29, 1829, in Leacock Township, where his boyhood was passed. At the age of ten years he entered the general store of Moses Eby at Intercourse, where he clerked for three years. For the suc- ceeding three years he was employed in Wingers store in West Earl Township, and in 1845 secured employment with Michael Peiper, a grocer in Lan- caster. At the end of five years he entered the dry-goods store of Fondersmith & Herr, where he continued for about two years. On the expiration of that time he embarked in business for himself as a grocer at the corner of East King and Duke Streets, which was his headquarters until 1865. Then bu3nng out a dry-goods business on East King Street, he devoted his attention to that branch of trade until 1878, when he sold out. He owns a store building on East King Street, and considerable other property in this city, which he has acquired by means of industry and attention to his business affairs. In 1861 he had invested in a leaf tobacco business in company with his brother-in-law, Mr. Frey, under the firm name ef Skiles & Frey, who are now the oldest in this trade in Lancaster. Since 1878 Mr. Skiles has de- voted all of his time to the tobacco interest, and the firm handles from five to six thousand cases a year, which are packed in their warehouse, located on North Duke Street. Tliis store room and building are as large as any in Lancaster, having a capacity of five thousand cases, and the business has grown to extensive proportions. December 1, 1854, Mr. Skiles married Emily M. Frey, and their onlj' child, William P., died at the age of nineteen years. Mrs. Skiles is the daughter of Jacob Fre}', one of the early settlers and for- merly a merchant of Lancaster. The residence of our subject and his wife is at No. 438 North Duke Street. Socially, Mr. Skiles belongs to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M.; Chapter No. 43, R. A. M.; Com- mandery No. 13, K. T., and to Perfection Lodge. For several years he was a member of the Common Council from the Second Ward, and was President for one year. He is active in the ranks of the Re- publican party, and has frequently been a delegate to State Conventions. In 1884 he was elected prothonotary of the county on the Republican ticket, and served acceptably in that capacity for a term of three j'cars. THE VERY REV. ANTHONY F. KAUL, V. F., is the founder and present pastor of St. Anthonj''s Catholic Church, of Lan- caster, and is also Dean of York and Lancaster Counties. His title of Dean was conferred upon him by the Bishop of the diocese in July, 1893. June 13, 1894, the patron feast of the church his silver jubilee, commemorating the quarter of a century that has elapsed since he was ordained to the priesthood, was celebrated and was a memorial occasion. The birth of Father Kaul occurred in Sinsheim, Baden, Germany, June 8, 1846, and his father, Pirmin, was born in the same locality, being a son of John Kaul, of French descent. The trade of Pirmin Kaul was that of tailor, and he also en- gaged in the manufacture of epaulets and military regalia. He was married November 28, 1830, to Miss Magdelene, daughter of George Philip Dick, Burgomaster of Grumbach, Baden, in which place occurred the birth of Mrs. Kaul. In the spring of 1847 the parents set out for America, leaving Antwerp in an English sailing-vessel, and after a PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 153 stormj' voyage of forty-seven days landed in New York Cit_v, July 7. Going to Philadelphia they were there for a short time, and then for six months were residents of Reading. On the 1st of April, 1848, the father located on a farm two miles from Adamstown, this county, where he engaged in agricultural pursuits until October 15, 1852. From that year until 1862 he was engaged in the hotel business in Reading and then retired to pri- vate life. In 1877 he came to make his home in this city, where his death occurred June 5, 1883, at the age of seventj'-live j-ears, as the date of his birth was May 20, 1808. Politically, he was a Democrat, and in religious belief was a Catholic. His wife, who was born Februar}- 20, 1804, is still living, and is making her home with our subject. Of her seven children, all but one grew to maturity and are still living. Annette became the wife of Christian Burger, of Reading Pa.; John H., a re- tired merchant, lives in the city; Joseph, now known as Brother Leopold, is Professor of music in Notre Dame University of South Bend, Ind.; Mary W., who is housekeeper for Father Kaul, also teaches painting and kindred branches at the Sacred Heart Academy; Elizabeth, now Sister M. Stanislaus, a sister of the Hoh' Cross and an adept in music, is Superior of the Sacred Heart Academy of Lancaster. Father Anthony Kaul is the young- est of the family. The early j'ears of our subject were passed in the usual way, he attending the public and parochial schools at Reading, Pa. In 1862 he became a stu- dent at St. Charles' Preparator}' Seminari' at Glen Riddle, Pa. This school was then under the direc- tion of the late Bishop Shanahan, and after com- pleting the clas.sical course Father Kaul entered St. Charles' Theological Seminary on Eighteenth and Race Streets, Philadelphia, where he pursued his philosophical and theological course, and was ordained August 22, 1869, at Harrisburg by Bishop Jeremiah F. Shanahan, first bishop of that diocese. The young priest was sent to Lancaster as assistant to the late Father F. L. Neufeld, of St. Joseph's Church, arriving here September 24, 1869. In the spring of the following }-ear it was decided to form a new parish from St. Joseph's Congregation, the boundary lines being set by the bishop. This comprised all east of North Water, South Queen and Strawberry Streets. The church, which is located at the corner of Ann and Orange Streets, was founded in April, 1870, by Father Kaul, who worked indefatigably to achieve this end. The lot on which the structure stands is ! 245x340 feet, was purchased for §3,500, and at that time was only used as a cornfield. The cor- I ner stone was laid August 14, 1870, in the pres- j ence of a large concourse. Rev. Father McGin- nis, of Danville, Pa., being dei)uted b3' the Very Rev. Bernard Kcenan, Administrator of the dio- cese during the absence of the Bishop at the Vati- ' can Council at Rome, to take charge of the cere- mony. For the first four years the basement was used for church services, this portion being dedi- cated April 9, 1871, by Rt.-Rev. Bishop Shanahan. The upper and audience room was completed and dedicated May 17, 1875. The church is built of brick and ornamented with brown stone. The buttresses are capped with the same kind of stone. The entire length of the building is one hundred and forty-two feet and is sixty-five feet wide. The height of the walls above the foundation is thirty-eight feet; the height to the cone of the roof being about eighty feet. In the front center of the church is a tower of brick about one hundred and fifteen feet in height, which will make the steeple the highest in the city. The church, which stands back some distance from Orange Street, is entered by three massive doors of solid walnut, which lead into a roomy and well arranged vestibule. From the vestibule are doors that lead into the church and a stairway that leads into the gallery. The audience room is decidedly the handsomest in the city. It is about one hundred feet long, sixty-three feet wide and fifty feet high from the floor to the top of the arched ceiling. The wainscoting, pews and other wood work are finished in walnut and ash. The chancel, which is raised four steps, is enclosed with a heav3' walnut railing and carpeted with fine brussels. The ceiling is formed b}' a Gothic arch spring- ing from the side walls and flattened at the top. Between the windows are heavy Gothic ribs rest- ing on brackets and reaching to the flattened 154 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD, part of the ceiling. From each end of these mas- siTe ribs, which are beautifully frescoed, depend large drops, two feet or more in length, of hand- some pattern and finished in gold. The gas fixtures comprise ten pedestal lights, being of bronze and gold of new and beautiful de- sign, and placed in two rows, equally distant from the middle and side aisles. On either side of the altar are scroll brackets with five burners each, and suspended from the ceiling in front of the altar hangs a large sanctuary lamp, which is kept con- stantly burning. This is surmounted by a beauti- ful glass globe, rose red in color. Immediately behind the principal altar is a life- size and very excellent picture of the crucifixion painted by Reingruber, the well known artist of this city. On either side are paintings of equal size representing the nativity of Christ and the adoration of the Magi. On the east and west slopes of the ceiling are portraits of all the apos- tles. The fourteen large oil paintings representing the stations and framed in walnut are copies of De Schwanden, the famous Munich artist. On either side of the sanctuary arch is an angel with out spread wings and folded hands, and above the arch is an angel holding a scroll bearing the words "Ecce tabernaculum Dei." The shading of the crround work is stone color, but this is so hand- somely intermingled with brighter shades and hues as to be impossible to describe. Nearly every panel contains the picture or portrait of a saint, and around these are twined a perfect wilderness of arches, columns, ribs, scrolls, etc. Besides the main altar there are two other altars in the main audience room. The main altar stands within a large arched recess, at the extreme end of the church, and it is painted pure white, tipped with gold. It is eighteen feet in height from the top of the "exposition" to the base. The figure of an adoring angel rests on a pedestal at either side of the altar, while- upon the top of the altar are placed six candlesticks, each nine feet and three inches in height. On both sides of the main altar, and a little further to the front, are two smaller altars, also placed within handsomely frescoed arches. One is St. Mary's and the other St. Jo- seph's. They are of handsome design, and on them are placed respectively statues of the Blessed Virgin and St. Joseph. The lofty windows of the church are of beauti- ful design and filled with stained glass of many brilliant colors. The upper sash of each window contains two figures of saints wrought in the glass. All the windows and paintings have been pre- sented by members or friends of the parish. The three small windows above the sanctuary contain pictures of the blessed sacrament and adoring angels are represented on either side. The gallery is in the south end of the audience room and extends entirely across it. It is sup- ported by handsome columns and is reached by a stairway built in the vestibule of the church. The stairway and the gallery are wainscoted in solid walnut. The church has a seating capacity of twelve hun- dred people, and cost over $G0,000. The grand pipe organ, valued at 85,000, and the gold-em- broidered vestments were purchased at a cost of $2,000. In the fall of 1871 a parochial school was opened in the basement of the church with two lay teachers, and two years later the present teachers. Sisters of the Holy Cross of Notre Dame, Ind., took charge, and also opened an academy and boarding school for young ladies known as the Sacred Heart Academy. In the spring of 1876 Father Kaul purchased a lot opposite the church, on the southeast corner of Ann and Orange Streets, for $4,300, on which was erected the acad- emy, a three-story and basement brick building, fitted out with all modern improvements, such as steam heat, etc. Every facility is afforded in this excellent and highly known institution for the education of young ladies, the course of studies embracing not onl3' the various branches of elementary training, but everthing that goes to make up a finished and accomplished lady. Special attention is given to music and art, and every attention is paid to the comfort and training of pupils. In the year 1872 a temporary parochial resi- dence was built to the east of the church, and in 1873 five acres of land for cemetery purposes was PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPIUCAL RECORD. 165 purchased on the extension of East Orange Street. In 1892 a like number of acres adjoining tlie old cemetery was bought and is now known as St. Anthony's Cemetery. For the benefit of the j'oung men of the parish a fine building known as St. Anthony's Institute, is to be erected of brick, three stories and basement, the first floor to be used as a school the second for library' purposes and the third for a hall, while the basement will be devoted to a gymnasium. There is also to be erected a handsome parochial residence on the lot west of the church and connected with the same. The various societies of the church are in a very flour- ishing condition, the most prominent of these be- ing St. Anthony's Beneficial Society and Sodality of the Blessed Virgin and of the Guardian Angel. The congregation now numbers about two hun- dred and forty families. Father Kaul is a mem- ber of the Bishops' Council and Chairman of the Diocesan School Board. In general conversation he is ver^' entertaining and agreeable and is pop- ular with all who have the pleasure of his ac- quaintance, lu 1881 it was his privilege to take a trip to Europe and at that time he traveled ex- tensivelj' in Ireland, Scotland, England, France, Germany and Ital}'. While in Rome he had an interview with Pope Leo XIII, from whom he re- ceived the papal blessing and upon his return to his congregation conferred it upon them. In 1886 he made a second trip to Europe, passing most of the time in German j-. JUDGE D. Mcmullen, of Ltincaster, bears a fine reputation i\s a lawyer of marked abilitj', and while serving as Judge was noted for his impartiality and fidelity to his well founded convictions of right, truth and justice. One of the native sons of Lancaster Countj', he comes of a good old family, and was reared b3' his worthy father in a most exemplary manner, and has never forgotten the teachings he received in his early years. In the various public capacities in which the Judge has officiated he has acquitted himself greatly to his own credit and has confirmed his fellow-citizens in the wisdom of their choice. For a period of three j'ears he was a member of the City Common Council, being elected from the Second AV^ard, and for two years of that time was Chairman of the Street Committee. In October, 1889, he was elected one of the School Directors, and a ^-ear later was made President of the Board, which post he is still ably filling, and during this time several modern and substantial school build- ings have been erected and many improvements made in the educational system. Born in Penn Township, October 20, 1844, the Judge is a son of James McMullen, whose birth took place in the same locality. He was a carpen- ter and builder by occupation, and in his later years engaged in carrying on his farm in Penn Township, which comprised one hundred and four acres. After an industrious and successful life, he was called to his final rest in 1886, when about seventy years of age. Politically he was a Demo- crat and held local positions, such as School Di- rector, etc. His wife, Elizabeth (Scheetz) McMul- len, was born in Warwick Township, of the same county, her father, Jacob, a native of Lancaster County, having been one of the pioneer black- smiths. He followed his trade industriously until he arrived at a good old age, his death occurring when he was nearly eighty. The Scheetz familj- is of German descent, and old and respected in- habitants of the county. William McMullen, the grandfather of our subject, was born in Belfast, Ireland, where he learned the weaver's trade, and when he came to America, which he did during the last century, he brought his loom with him and continued to work at weaving in addition to carry- ing on a small farm. He was a member of the German Reformed Church, in the faith of which he died while a resident of Penn Township. Mrs. James McMullen became the mother of four chil- dren, three of whom are living, namely: Edward, who is engaged in carr3ing on the old homestead; Sus.annah, Mrs. Yeagley, of Lebanon County, Pa., and David, who is next to the youngest. The daughter, who is now deceased, was formerly a 156 POETRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. resident of Penn Township, and was the wife of Abram Kauffman. The mother departed this life when about seventy-three years of age, and both she and her husband were at the time of their deaths devoted members of the Reformed Church. The boyhood days of Judge McMulIen passed quite uneventfully on his father's farm, and to him he gave his assistance in its cultivation and in his general carpenter work. His education was re- ceived in the public schools and later he entered Yeates Institute, where he pursued his studies for a year, teaching school during the summer season. For three years he was theu a pupil in Millersville Normal, making his own way through college by means of the monej' earned from teaching during the summer terms. In 1868 he was graduated from the Normal School, and by this time had ac- quired so much experience as a teacher that he was called upon to be Principal of the Oil Cit}' public schools, in which capacity he acted for two years. As he was possessed of great ambition and had given some thought to legal work, he next de- cided to take up the profession, and in 1870 came to this city to pursue his studies with Samuel H. Reynolds, with the result that in December, 1872, he was admitted to the Bar. At once he began prac- tice in his present office at No. 122 East King Street, being an assistant and partner of his former tutor until his death, which occurred in 1889. Since that event the Judge has continued business and settled up the estate of his former partner and succeeded to his large practice, which has been further supplemented by the many clients he has acquired through his own unassisted efforts. March 2, 1892, Judge McMuUen was appointed to succeed Judge Patterson, who had recently died. He acted in that office until the next general election, being appointed by Governor Pattison, and was Judge of the Court of Common Pleas un- til January, 1893. An active partisan and sup- porter of the Democracy, he has taken a leading share in its local work, and was at one time can- didate for District Attorney on the ticket, and though not elected, reduced the Republican major- ity from nearly nine thousand to three thousand votes. In the fall of 1892 he came within twenty- five hundred votes of being elected Judge, and is undoubtedly one of the most popular men of his party in Lancaster. In educational work our sub- ject has always been decidedly active, and to his zeal was due in a large measure the erection of the fine new buildings for school purposes, one at the corner of Duke and German Streets, and the other at the corner of Mulberry' and Vine Streets. In many local enterprises lie is interested, being an attorney for the Electric Light Companv,in which he is a Director, and has lent his substantial influ- ence to the development of everything pertaining to the betterment of the city. Fraternally he is a member of the Royal Arcanum and of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Of the latter he is Past Master, and has served as representative to the Grand Lodge. He was appointed by the State Su- perintendent in 1893 to serve as a member of the Board of Trustees of the Millersville Normal, his Alma Mater. On the 6th of January, 1874, Judge McMullen was united in marriage with Miss Sue E. Lightner, who was born in Lancaster County. Mrs. McMul- len 's father, Peter E. Lightner, was a well-to-do farmer of Lancaster Township, and died in 1868. Two children have come to bless tlie home of the Judge and his estimable wife, their names in order of birth being Mary and Emily. They are mem- bers of St. James' Episcopal Church, in which Judge McMullen has been Treasurer for fifteen years, and Vestryman for four years. m>-^^^^j-coniing Count}', Pa. During the late war he enlisted in Company D, Eleventh Pennsylvania Infantry, of which he was Captain until his death. His three sons, John Moran, Robert S. and James Ruggles., served in the Union army during the Rebellion. The grandfather of Mrs. Kehler, John Knox, emigrated from County Antrim, Ireland, in 1790, and with his parents located in Maryland near the city of Emmitsburg. He became a man of promi- nence in his community, and conducted success- fully many large enterprises, being principally en- gaged in farming and milling. During tiie most of his life he resided on Jersey Shore, Pa. Not- withstanding the fact that he was so near the headquarters of the Confederacy, he remained lo3'al to the Union and was a stanch Abolitionist and a firm Republican as long as he lived. He was connected with the under-ground railroad scheme, and any plan that had for its object the freedom of the slaves received his warm support. He married Catherine Stewart, of Jersey Shore, and they reared three sons, Robert, Charles and John H., and one daughter, Mrs. Jane Russell, the latter being the only survivor of the family. For man}' 3'ears Grandfather Kuox followed the trade of a millwright at West IJranch, and about the close of the Last century he built the first grist mill on Pine Creek, where he was extensively en- gaged in lumbering and milling. During almost his entire life he resided with his wife a short dis- tance from the mouth of Lany's Creek, where his death occurred October 18, 1854, at the age of eighty-four years. He was a man of robust phy- sique and powerful frame. Positive opinions upon all subjects characterized him. He was a man of great piety and for many years took an active part in the Methodist Church, of which he was a de- voted member. The great-great-grandfather of Mrs. Kehler was Charles Stewart, Sr., who was born in 1743 near the town of Letterkenny, County Donegal, Ire- land, and when nineteen years of age he came from that country to his uncle's, Samuel Hunton, where he married the daughter, Elizabeth. He engaged in milling in Dauphin County near Harrisburg. From there he removed to Cumberland County, where he purchased property in the "New Pur- chase" and afterward bought seven hundred and fourteen acres in the Nippcusa bottom in Lycom- ing County. The only son of Mr. and Mrs. Keh- ler is Henr}' Neff, who was born May 3, 1874. He is at present (1894) a sophomore in Princeton Col- lege. JOHN F. STAUFFER. This prominent resi- dent of Lancaster occupies the responsible position of Street Commissioner, to which of- fice he was elected April 1, 1894. Prior to that time, however, he was a successful railroad contractor and built many of the roads runnincr through the county. Our subject was born in Penn Township, this county, August 6, 1845, and is the son of Benjamin M. Staufler, a native of the same place. His grand- father, who bore the name of John, was born in Donegal Township, this county, and was a miller by trade. He ojierated many of the mills in this and adjoining counties. The great-grandfather of our subject, Johannus Stauffer, came from Switzer- land in 1790, and soon afterward built the large stone mill at White Oak, Penn Township, which he operated until his decease, when the property fell to John Stauffer. The father of our subject assumed control of tlie mill when a young man of twenty-one years, and during the time from 1856 to 1859 was elected Register of Lancaster County on the Republican ticket. After disposing of the property, he pur- chased a farm near 3It. Joy, which he cultivated for four years, and in 1863 bought the old Bossier Mill, near Manheim, on Chickies Creek, which he conducted for some time, and in 1868 sold out and returned to Mt. Joy. He is still living, and has attained the advanced age of seventj'-five years. The mother of our subject, who prior to her marriage was Miss Sophia, daughter of John For- 164 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ney, was born in Earl Township, this county. She was cousin to John W. Forney, the proprietor of tlie Philadelphia Press. Grandfather Forney was keeper of the inn known as Forney's Tavern, on the Reading road, where he lived for many years. Mrs. Stauffer departed this life in 1884, leaving two children. Tlie brother of our subject, Benjamin, is a member of the Board of Trade in Chicago. The subject of this sketch was reared in his na- tive township and was educated at the John Beck School at Lititz. When old enough he was appren- ticed to learn the trade of a miller, working under Gabriel Bear. Later he and his brother operated the Bossier Mill, for two years and thens old out, our subject returning to private life, and for sev- eral years was not engaged in any business. In 1872 Mr. Stauffer came to Lancaster, and taking up railroad work, has contracted for many roads, and also engaged extensively in sewer build- ing. His first work was for the Pennsylvania Rail- road, building a double track from Middletown to Steelton, and later received the contract to lay the double track for the Philadelphia, Wilming- ton <& Baltimore Railroad Company from Swath- more to Media. His next enterprise was build- ing a road for the Caledonia Mining Company between Mt. Alto Junction and the Mountain's point, ten miles, filling in some places forty-three feet in depth, which contract he completed in eleven months. Mr. Stauffer was the builder of five miles of road for the Baltimore & Eastern Shore Railroad Company, lying between Easton and St. Michael's, Md. In 1893 our subject built the Marietta Water Works. He constructed a reservoir in York Coun- ty, and laid a twelve-inch main across the Susque- hanna River from York to Lancaster County. Mr. Stauffer was married in this city, in the Trinity Lutheran Church, November 25, 1868, to Miss Clara S., youngest daughter of John Fondersraith, a prominent citizen of Lancaster. By her union with our subject there have been born two chil- dren, Charles F., a contractor of Philadelphia; and B. Grant, of tliis city. April 1, 1894, our subject was elected Street Commissioner, and assumed the duties of the po- sition soon thereafter. Mr, Stauffer built the sec- ond street railway in the city, from Duke Street to the terminus, a distance of one and one-third miles, in twenty days. He is a member of the Royal Arcanum of high standing, and in religious affairs belongs to the Trinity Lutheran Church, of which he was Warden for three years. In politics he is a stalwart Republican. ..^ i | i i j i i l l » | « i t i 1 ^ 1 i | i«^»^^«|««^«^^«^«j» (^ ^ MAJ. JOSEPH WARREN YOCUM is the editor of the Columbia Daily and Weekly Spy, published in Columbia, Lancaster County. This journal was established in 1816 and is one of the oldest in tlie county. Mr. Yocum became its owner in 1869, it then being a daily and weekly paper known as the Columbia Spy. When our subject became the purchaser the daily edition was abandoned for a time, but it was re- sumed in 1893 and has since been regularly issued. The Columbia Daily Sj^y has exercised great influ- ence over the people of this locality' during much of county's history, and of late years particularly has merited the success it has attained, both in popu- larity and financially. Mr. Yocum is a well edu- cated and widely informed gentleman, who is ampl}' fitted by nature and experience to carry on a paper of this kind, and as he is greatly devoted to the prosperity and development of Columbia and the surrounding country, he is highly es- teemed as one of the promoters of local prosper- ity. He has been prominent in many of the lead- ing industries of the place, and among others we mention the following: The Columbia Iron Com- pany, of which he is Secretary, Treasurer, and a member of tlie Board of Directors; the Grey Iron Company, of which he is President; and the Colum- bia Fire Company, of which he is Treasurer and which is the oldest company in the place. As a soldier during the Civil War Major Yocum is also entitled to honor and credit, as he saw hard service PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDi 165 and sustained wounds while defending tlie cause of liberty. Tlie father of our subject was William Yocum, who was of Swedish ancestry'. The original foun- der of the farail}- in America settled in this stale during the last century, and the paternal grand- father was born at Swedeland, Montgomery' Coun- ty. They were farmers, politically were Whigs, and in religion were identified with the Reformed Church. William Yocum was one of seven chil- dren, six sons and a daughter. He received a dis- trictschool education in iNIoulgomery County, lie was reared to agricultural pursuits and resided for some years at tlie Trappe, in the same countj', this being an old Lutheran and Reformed settlement. William Yocum married Sarah Rimby and they had two children: Annie Maria, wlio married Jesse II. Peterman, and Joseph W., our subject. The father died December 5, 1892; his wife is still living. The birth of our subject occurred at the Trappe in Montgomery Countj', June 27, 1843. He re- ceived his elementary education in the public schools of that locality and later pursued his studies at Washington Hall Boarding School. In 1868 lie wasgraduated from Franklin and Marshall College with honors, and then read law with Hon. J. B. Livingston, presiding Judge of Lancaster County. In 1868 he was admitted to the Bar and remained in the oflice of liis tutor for about one year. In 186i( he became the owner of the paper whicli he has since conducted, as previously stated, and to its publication he has since devoted his en- ergies. He is an ardent Republican, having cast his first Presidential vote for Abraham Lincoln in 1865, under a bomb_ proof tent in front of Peters- burg, Va., serving as Judge of the election. He has held a number of local offices and has served as a delegate to Republican state conventions a number of times. In June, 1862, J. W. Yocum enlisted in Com- pany C, One Hundred and Sixteenth Pennsylva- nia Regiment, and served in General Meagher's Irish Brigade, Hancock's Division of the Second Army Corps, Armj' of the Potomac. He rose from the ranks, being promoted to the position of First Sergeant, afterwards to Second Lieutenant, then First Lieutenant and finally was made Captain of Company I, of the same regiment and bievetted Major by President Lincoln. He took part in all of the engagements of the Army of the Potomac from Antietain to the battle of Petersburg. At the battle of the Wilderness he received a slight wound and near Petersburg was struck in the left arm by a minie ball, which necessitated his retirement from the field. At the end of three years' service he was discharged. May 26, 1865, at the Annapolis Hospital, his dismission being on account of the effects of wounds received. During the Peters- burg campaign he was Aide-de-camp on the staff of General Ramsey, commanding the brigade. On the 1st of January, 1872, occurred the mar- riage of our subject to Miss Annie E. Herr. They have had two children: Katie, who died in in- fancy, and Howard H., who is attending Prince- ton College. Fraternally Mr. Yocum belongs to Columbia Lodge No. 286, F. & A. M., of which he is Past Master, and is Treasurer and Past High Priest of Columbia Chapter No. 224, R. A. M. Jloreover he is a member of General Welsh Post. No. 118, G. A. R., which he has served as Com- mander-Adjutant and Quartermaster. As an Odd Fellow he is identified with Susquehanna Lodge No. 80, and is connected with Columbia Assembly No. 20, Artisans Mutual Protection. For eighteen years Mr. Yocum has been a member of the Board of Trustees and has served as .Superintendent of the Sunday-school of the Presbyterian Church of this place. ■ ■ ! ■ >' I 'l I I I BYRON J. REEMSNYDER, M. D., skillful ph3'sician and surgeon of Hinkletown, was born near Akron, this state, July 23, 1853, and is the son of Henry and Mary Jane (Gray) Reemsnjder. The family in America was founded by Samuel Reemsnyder, the grandfather of our subject, who came from Germany in an early da}' and located first in Philadelphia, where he followed his trade of cabinet-maker for a time. He served as a soldier in the Revolutionary War. The grandfather of our subject was married in 166 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. this county, and became the father of a large fam- ily. He became prominent and wealthy, and died in 1854, firm in the faith of the Lutheran Church. In politics he was a strong Democrat. Dr. Henry Reemsnyder, father of our subject, was born in Earlville, this county, and when beginning his medical studies, entered the office of Dr. Weidler, of Mechanicsburg, after which he entered the Penn- sylvania Medical College. He established for prac- tice in the city of Lancaster, where he also owned a drug store. After a residence there of two years he went to Bareville, where he spent another two years, and on the expiration of that time moved to Akron, this state, where his death occurred in 1877, aged fifLy-two years. He was successful as a physician, and was in the enjoyment of a lucra- tive practice. He belonged to the Lancaster Coun- t3' Medical Society, and socially was a member of the Masonic order of Reading. He was active in politics, voting with the Democratic party, and was the recipient of man}' positions of honor and trust. The Reformed Church found in him one of its most valued members and cheerful givers. In 1862, during the late war. Dr. Reemsnyder organized Company F, Ninth Pennsylvania Cav- alry, of which he was commissioned Lieutenant, which position he shortly afterward resigned in order to accept the Captaincy of another company. He was in active service for eighteen months, and was honorably discharged on account of physical disability. The mother of our subject was the daughter of Henry Gray, a farmer of Akron Township, and by her union with Dr. Reemsnyder she became the mother of four sons and two daughters, of whom our subject was the eldest. His brothers and sis- ters were, Charles, a manufacturer of cigars in Philadelpliia; .Jennie, the wife of Isaac C. Netzley, of Lock Haven, this state; Henry G., M. D., en- gaged in practice in Ephrata, this state; Edward S., residing in Akron, this county, and Annie, who died young. The wife and mother is now in the sixtieth year of her age, and is a devoted mem- ber of the Reformed Church. The original of this sl 0m MICHAEL R. HOFFMAN. There are few places the size of Marietta that claim more successful business men, or where there is a greater amount of competition in every line of trade. Perhaps because of its desirable location, but more likely because of the progres- sive spirit of its citizens. It has alwaj'S enjoyed a good reputation and is a profitable residence place, with influential and active business men. Prom- inent among them is our subject, wlio is one of the largest tobacco dealers in the county. In the year 1893, he packed six thousand five hundred cases of the leaf, and in the prosecution of this industry he gives employment to sixty-five men in the busy season. Our subject was born January 31, 1857, to Ben- jamin and Elizabeth (Rhoads) Hoffman. He is a native of Conoy Township, Lancaster County, and traces his ancestry back to his great-great- grandfather, John Hoffman, who, it is supposed, was the first of that name to locate in the United States, having come hither with a Swiss colony who located at Marietta, near Chickies Creek. He was a large man physically, possessing remark- able strength, and was one of the first millers in the county. Of the three sons of the above gentleman, John, Jacob and Michael, the latter was the great-grand- father. He was a farmer by occupation and a member of the River Brethren Church. He had two children: Michael, Jr., and a daughter whose name is not known. His son, the grandfather of our subject, lived in Adams County, this state' when a boy. Although very poor in early life, he became one of the wealtliy agriculturists of this section, leaving at his decease a valuable tract of land, aggregating over one thousand acres. He passed his last years in Conoy Township. He was twice married. By his first union there were born six children: Benjamin, Michael, John, Anna, Eliz- abeth and Marj'. His second marriage, with Ann Hershj', resulted in the birth of two children, Abraham and Susan. Benjamin Hoffman was born in East Donegal Township, Lancaster County, and like other lads of that day, acquired his education in the district schools. For many years he farmed and raised leaf tobacco in his native place, but after his mar- riage moved to Cono}' Township. He is still liv- ing, making his home on the farm, and is still engaged in active business. In politics he is a stanch Republican and in religious affairs a con- sistent member of the River Brethren Church. The parents of our subject were married in 1853, and to them were born ten children, named respectively: Paris, deceased; Michael R., of this sketcli; Emma, Martha, Mar}', Benjamin F., Abra- ham L., Norman R., Elizabeth and Clayton. He of whom this history is written attended school at Millersville until the age of sixteen, when he began teaching, following that occupation for a short time. His next venture was in the tobacco business in May town, in which he engaged in 1878 witli a Mr. Grove and his uncle, Michael M. The firm was known as Grove, Hoffman & Co. This partnership was dissolved two years later, when Mr. Hoffman removed his business to Bain- bridge, where he operated alone in the same line of trade for about seven years. At the expiration of that time we find him located in Marietta, whither he had removed his office and tobacco interests. He is witliout doubt one of the largest packers in the county, within whose bounds he is recognized as one of the leading business men. He is one of the directors in the Exchange Bank of Marietta, a promoter of the Marietta Casting Company and a director in the Columbia Flint Com- pany in Columbia Borougii. He lias been remark- ably successful in worldly affairs, and besides the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 183 business alread\' mentioned is the owner of two valuable farms in Lancaster County. The original of this sketch and Miss Ida, the daughter of Jacob Risser, were united in marriage in 1884. Their four children bear the respective names of Paris, Michael R., Jr., Amos Risser and Guy S. In politics our subject is a Republican and IS serving a term as School Director in East Donegal Township. His intelligence, good citizen- ship and line character entitle him to the esteem of his acquaintances, and his friends in tliis vicin- itj' are many and sincere. "52- m-^'^m^^ HENRY BURD CASSEL is a member of the lumber firm of A. X. Cassel &. .Son, long one of the leading industries of Marietta, Lancaster Count}'. He is also the principal stock- holder and Treasurer of the Marietta Manufactur- ing Companj-, wliich furnishes forges, iron fence, hose reels, various kinds of agricultural implements, etc., to the trade. In other enterprises of this vi- cinity he has been an important factor, and has used his influence and means for the upbuilding of the community. In lines of church and benevolent work he has also been active, and is justly consid- ered one of the best citizens of this place. The birth of Mr. Cassel occurred in Marietta October 19, 1855. He comes from one of the best families of the count}', where his ancestors have been residents for four or five generations. On the paternal side he is of German descent, while on his mother's side he is of German and French extraction. His grandfather, Henrj- Cassel, was interested in the lumber business and was one of the incorporators of the old Marietta Bank. On his death he was placed to rest near Marietta, in the famil}- burying ground. Abram N. Cassel, our subject's father, was born in this borough in January, 1810, and learned the hatter's trade in his youth. During his twentieth year he started in business for himself at his birthplace, and con- tinued in the hatter's trade some twenty years. On the expiration of that time he embarked in the lumber business, to which he has devoted his ener- gies up to the present time, being the senior mem- ber of the firm of A. N. Cassel rn four sons, namely : Henry, Jacob, David and Joseph. The grandfa- ther died at the age of eighty-one years. Jacob Eshenshnde, the father of our subject, was born January 18, 1805, in Paradise Township, this county. Like the youth of that early day he at- tended the district school and assisted his father in carrying on the farm work. In 1829 he pur- chased a tract of land near IJinkley's Bridge which he farmed for eleven years and then became the proprietor of one hundred and twenty acres. He was verj' successful in all his ventures and at his decease owned six good farms in Lancaster Coun- ty, aggregating about six hundred acres. A man of more than ordinary inielligence, ability and force of character, he assumed his rightful position as a leader, and his fellow-townsmen ever looked up to hirn for counsel and assistance. He bore a prin- cipal part in the settlement of estates and was hon- ored by being called to responsible public posi- tions, which he filled with ability and a conscien- tious regard to the highest interests of the com- munity. In 1832 Jacob Esbenshade married Miss Maria, daughter of Christian Binkley, and to them were granted the following named children, Elizabeth, Christian, Barbara, Jacob B., Maria, Henry B., Amanda, Isaac, Peler B. and Annie. The husband and father departed this life Xoveraber 10. 1884, and in his death the county lost one of its best and most honored citizens. His good wife preceded him to the better land, having passed away March 17,1879. She was at that time sixty-eight years of age and a devoted member of the Mennonite Church. The original of this sketch received a good edu- cation in tiie common schools, and choosing the occupation of a farmer, was very successful in his undertaking, and as before stated owns over four hundred acres in Manhcim and Strasburg Town- ships. He takes a deep interest in the welfare of his county, materially and otherwise, and has borne a prominent part in promoting its rise and progress to its present high standing among its sister coun- ties as a wealthy and well developed country and a rich agricultural portion of Pennsylvania. December 13, 1877, Peter B. Esbenshade and Miss Susan, daughter of Henry Leaman, were united in marriage and t<> them have been born three children: Franklin L., Elmer L. and Cora L. HOWARD C. McAllister is one of the able and ellicient business men of Cone- stoga Township, Lancaster County, and for some years has been engaged in the manufac- ture of cigars. Though comparatively a young man, he h.as made an enviable reputation in this locality for the good common sense and industrious spirit he manifests in his affairs, and by those who have known him from boyhood he is held in high esteem. The paternal grandfather of our subject was Amos McAllister, who was one of the early settlers and farmers of Lancaster County. He married Fannie Hess and seven children graced their union. Jacob, the eldest in order of birth, was born in Pe- quea Township, and from boj-hood was a farmer, dealing extensively in stock. At one time he was a member of the State Militia and was a very ac- tive politician in the ranks of the Republican party. Educational affairs found in him a very interest- ed supporter, and for some few terms he was School Director in "this township. He married Miss Bar- bara Greider, and they became the parents of two children, Howard C, whose name heads this sketch, and Cora. In Pequea Township, on the 22d of October, 1867, occurred the birth of Howard C. McAllister. His parents gave him good educational advantages, and he was a pupil of the common schools of the district for about ten years. Subsequently he sup- 194 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. plemented his knowledge by two terms spent at the Millersville Normal School, which he left on attaining his majority. After passing the required examinations he obtained a certificate and for the next four years engaged in teaching school, in which line of work he met with gratifying success. Afterwards he engaged in milling, following that vocation for about a year, but since that time has been occupied as a cigar manufacturer, to which trade lie is giving all of his time and attention. Religiously Mr. McAllister is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is now acting in an official capacity as a Steward. In his political affiliations he is a stanch and tried Republican, and has strong opinions and convictions that his party is adopting the best methods in all matters of great public moment, especially in the protection of Amer- ican industries and working men. May 22, 1889, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. McAllister and Miss Edith Urban, and one ciiild, a little daughter whom the}- call Ruth, has come to bless their home. j****/^ -i.}.^.}..}.!^ i-J-***!- *****F eHRISTOPHER LILLER is the oldest and leading tonsorial artist in Lancaster, where he has bee'-i'' in business since 1854, and since 1864 has been located at No. 225-227 North Queen Street. He is a man of experience in his trade, and in addition to that is a graduate in sur- gery. A well informed and courteous gentleman, he numbers a host of warm friends in this city, where his face has been so long a familiar one. A native of Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, Mr. Liller was born August 8, 1831. His father, Andrew, a native of the same locality, was a mer- chant tailor by trade, and was a soldier of the Ger- man War of 1812. In 1856 Andrew Liller con- cluded to try his fortunes in America and accord- ingly came hither, making his home in Lancaster until his death, in 1863. His wife, who was before her marriage Catherine Schaaf, was born in the same neighborhood as was her husband, and her death occurred in 1837, when her son Christopher was a child of only six years. The parents were devoted adherents of the Lutheran Church, in the faith of which they brought up their three sons and two daughters, all of whom are now living. One brother is still a resident of the Fatherland, but the two sisters make their home in the United States. Christopher Liller was reared in Frankfort, where he acquired an excellent education in his mother tongue. On attaining suitable age he was admit- ted as a student in the School of Anatomy and Surgery, and served an apprenticeship as a barber. After his course of study at the School of Anatomy he passed his examinations and was graduated therefrom. In 1854 he sailed for America in the "Gilchrist" by way of Harve and New York City, arriving at the metropolis on the expiration of a thirty days' voyage. His first work in the United States was in Brooklyn, and later he was employed on Pearl Street, New York Cit^'. For a time he was next in Jersey City, and in the fall of the same year he came to Lancaster, starting a shop in this block. He continued at the first lo- cation for about ten years, and then built the structure in which he has since been located. Me is thoroughly competent as a surgeon, having learned the proper method of cupping, bleeding, leeching, etc. Ills shop is equipped with six chairs, and in addition to this there are public bathrooms well supplied with all conveniences. JMr. Liller is an adept in his line and manufactures switches, etc., for the fair sex. Mrs. Liller has charge of the ladies' department in the shop, and superin- tends the renting of masquerade suits, of which they have a large assortment and for which there is considerable demand during certain seasons, they being the only ones in this line in the cit}'. Soon after coming to Lancaster, in 1854, Mr. Liller was married to Miss Eliza Pfeiffer, who was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, and five children have graced their union: George C, who keeps barbei-s' supplies; Charles, who is in business with his fa- ther; Charlotte, wife of John Brucker, a barljer of this place; William H., a practical confectioner of Lancaster, and Mary, Mrs. Miller, also of this city. Mr. Liller is a member of Lodge No. 43, A. F. & A. M.; Chapter No. 43, R. A. M.; Goodwin Coun- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 195 cil No. 19; Lancaster Lodge .it Perfection, ami Laiic.-uter Coinmandery No. 13, K. T. He is also associated wiili llebel Lodj^e No. 591), 1. O. O. R, .and with llie Teutonia No. 165, K. 1'. Politi- cally he is a Democrat, and religiously belongs to the German Lutheran denomination. Having con- siderable musical abilit}- and much love for the art, he has long been numbered among the mem- bers of the .M.ieuncrchor. WI LSON P.RIHAKER, deceased, was for- merly one of the prosperous agricul- turists and business men of Manhoim Township. He was the owner of a good estate in that section and a hotel in Mechanicsburg, to which he gave liis personal supervision. Our subject was the son of Wilson, Sr., and Susan (Shafer) Brubaker, and was born in Upper Leacock Town- ship, .July 5, 1851. The Brubaker family is an old and respected one in Lancaster Couniv. and its members are of German extraction. The great-grandfather of our subject, by name Samuel Brubaker, was also a native of Pennsylva- nia and followed farm pursuits all his life. He was a Whig in politics and a devoted member of the Lutheran Church. He married Elizabeth Eck- ert, and by lii'r became the father of a son, also named .Samuel, and who was the grandfather of Wilson of this sketch. He was an extensive farm- er of Earl Township, this county, being the pos- sessor of live valuable estates, wliicli he operated with excellent success. Like his father, lie too was a Whig in politics until the formation of the Re- publican party, when he joined its ranks. Wilson Brubaker, Sr., was born in the above township, December 13, 1810. He owned two good farms in this state and was generally conced- ed to be one of the most prosperous and substantial men in the county. In politics he was a Republi- can and a decidedly public-spirited man, holding many ollices of honor and trust. When twenty- eight years of age he was married to Miss Susan, daughter of Solomon Shafer, a farmer of this coun- ty", and to them were granted fivechildren, namely : John, now deceased; Lizzie, the late wife of Ben- jamin Kreider; .Susan, Mi's. Edward Grube; Samuel and Wilson. The husband and father departed this life September 5, 1891, and was preceded to the better land many years by his good wife, who passed away in 1852, when thirty-eight years of age. The original of this sketcli was reai-ed upon his father's farm and obtained a good education in the common schools. When starting out in life for himself he operated a hotel in Neffsville and one at Mechanicsburg. In 1888 he returned to his home in Manhcim Township, where he resided until his deatli, which occurred July 7, 1894. He was a member of the Junior Order of American Mechanics and the Knights of the Golden Eagle. In politics he was an ardent admirer of Republican principles and never failed to cast a vote in favor of that party's candidates. In September, 1880, Wilson Brubaker and Miss Ainanila, daughter of Christian Bumberger, were united in marriage. The father of Mrs. Brubaker is a hotel keeper in Millersville and stands high in the business community. To our subject and his estimable wife there were born four children, bearing the respective names of Wilson, Jr., Har- rison, Ada and Mabel. ee^|-#-.^il^#!#i^-< D SHERMAN SMITH. D. D. .S., a practicing dentist in the cit}^ of Lancaster, was born in Lampeter Square, .September 21, 1864. His father, Dr. .John S. Smith, was born .June 27, 1838. in Lancaster County, and the grandfather, Abraham Carpenter .Smith, was also a native of the same county. The latter, who was of Scotch-Irish extraction, was a large farmer and stock-grower and operated a sawmill on Pequea Creek. He died in that locality at the age of seventy-one years. i Dr. J. S. Smith was a graduate of the Pennsylvania ; Dental College at Philadelphia and received the I title of D. D. S. in 1865. He served in the late war 196 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. as a Union soldier, being for a time a member of Company G, One Hundred and Twenty-second Reg- iment. Later he served in the Third Pennsylvania Artillery from February 8, 1864, to November, 1865. In the engagement at Chancellorsville he was struck by a shell. After his return home Dr. Smith was graduated and began the practice of his chosen profession in Lampeter Square. Afterward he had an office at Columbia, and in 1879 moved to Lancaster, where his practice became very large. He continued in the profession until his death, December 18, 1892. He was also interested in the pension business and attended to many claims of soldiers in the late war. An honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic, he served as Commander of Post No. 405, and was also a member of the National Vet- erans' Legion, the Knights of the Golden Eagle and Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was one of the organizers of the Harris Dental As- sociation and was prominent in the State Dental Association, besides being a liberal contributor to dental journals. In 1881 he took a partial course in the medical and surgical department of Jefferson Medical College. He was a member of the Duke Street Methodist Church and was a prominent official of the same. Politically he was a Repub- lican. Of our subject's mother it may be said that she was born near Slrasburg, the daughter of Dan- iel Kreider, who was a farmer in Lancaster County. On this side of the family they trace their ancestry back to Hance Herr, of 1710 fame, who was among the first settlers of Lancaster County. The motlier still resides at the old homestead. There were five children in the family, four of whom are living, our subject being the eldest. He was educated in the Columbia and Lancaster public schools, graduatino- from the high school in 1882, after which he took up bookbinding with H. L. Trout, remaining thus engaged for four years, during which time lie be- came a practical bookbinder. He then took a po- sition on the Philadelphia Press, but in 1889 en- tered the Philadelphia Dental College, from which he was graduated in 1890 with the degree of D. D. S. He practiced with his father one year and then opened an office at No. 3 East King Street, Lancaster, where he practices dentistry in all of its branches. The Masonic fraternity. Lodge No. 43, A. F. it A. M., claims Dr. Smith as an honored member. In Lodge No. 143, B. P. 0. E., he is an esteemed Loyal Knight. He is Chaplain in the military order of Sons of N'eleransand belongs to George H. Thomas Post No. 19. In religious matters he is a member of the Duke Street Methodist Episcopal Church. Politi- cally he affiliates with the Republican party and is a member of the Executive Committee of "The Young Republicans." He was a delegate to the State Dental Association which met at Niagara Falls in 1892, and is a member of the Lancaster Local Board of Directors of the Anglo-American Building & Loan Association. - ^^^<^ T7> MANUEL P. KELLER is engaged in farm- r^ O ing pursuits in Manheim Township. His fine estate is supplied with every needful and convenient structure in the way of buildings, and beautilied with fruit and forest trees, also small fruits. The energetic owner is the son of Adam and Elizabeth (Schafer) Keller, and was born on the old Keller homestead, located on the Lancaster Pike, one mile north of that city, April 18, 1816. The grandfather of our subject, Charles Andrew Keller, was b(yn in this state, of German descent, and located in this county when a young man, with his parents' family-. He was a brass founder by trade, which business he followed during the active years of his life. He married Miss Barbara Bigler, by wiiom he became the father of the fol- lowing named children, Anna Maria, John Peter, John, Andrew, Adam, Jacob, Sophia, Miciiael, Ben- jamin and Jeremiah. Adam Keller, the father of our subject, learned the trade of a brass founder from his father, which he followed for some lime, but devoted the greater part of his time and attention to rope-making, at which business he was an expert. Later in life he PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPFIICAL RECORD. 197 purchased five acres of land, where our subject was born, erected a comfortable brick residence on tiie place and kept adding to it five acres at a time un- til he had forty acres. lie derived a good income from the cultivation of his property, raising as much grain on the forty acres as many faiiners wouhi on one hundred. In politics Adam Keller was a stanch Demo- crat and a member of the Franklin Henevolent So- ciety, lie worsliiped with the Lutheran Church and in the congregation near his home filled the oHice of Trustee, being active in all church work and a man greatly respected in his conimunit}'. He married Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Philip Schafer, of lialtiinore, Md., and to them w^re born sixteen children, of whom nine grew to manhood and womanhood. The husband and father died in 18G4, at the age of eighty years, having been born December 7, 1784. His good wife is also de- ceased, departing this life June 23, 1854. John Peter Keller, great-grandfather of our subject, was born in Germany and emigrated to the United States in 1760, locating in this slate. He was mar- ried in the Fatherland and he and his wife, Anna Maria, departed this life in Lancaster County, where the}- were well and favorably known. The original of this sketch received his educa- tion in the district school and when old enough to be of assistance worked on the home farm, thus becoming thoroughly prepared to assume the man- agement of pro|)erty of his own. When twent}'- seven years of age he was married, and locating upon a tract of land in Manheim Township, lias devoted his entire life to agricultural pursuits. He has been remarkably successful in his calling and by much hard work on his part, together with the assistance rendered by his estimable wife, he has accumulated a good property. March 12, 1844, our subject and Miss Harriet B., daughter of John Sluap, were united in marriage. To them have been granted three children, namely: Julia Anna, John Adam and Mary Elizabeth. The father of Mrs. Keller was Ijorn in Pennsylvania, March 16, 1773. He was a well educated man and taught school for some time, together willi carrying on a mercantile trade. Later in life however, he turned hisattention tofarming,and in 1827 moved upon the estate now owned by our subject, and which is located on the Fruitville Pike, three miles from Lancaster. The year |)revious to selling his farm he tried his luck in the Union Canal Lottery and was fortunate enough to draw 4=20,000, which together with the means which he already possessed, enabled him to spend his declining years amid comfort and luxury. He married Miss Julia A. Lightner, who came from one of the old and prtmi- inent families of the stiite, and to them were born three children, John L., now deceased; Mrs. Keller, and Mar3- A. The wife of our subject is a most estimable and worthy lady, and a devoted mem- ber of the Lutheran Church, to which Jlr. Keller also belongs. In politics he is a strong Democrat. In 1872 he was elected County Commissioner for a term of three years. He alwaj's takes an active part in local atfairs and has served as a member of the School Board on numerous occasions. ^m •H JOSEPH II. RATHFON for a period of five years was City Treasurer of Lancaster, and acquitted himself with great ability and to the satisfaction of everyone in the discharge of the important duties of that position. On the change of administration in 1892 he retired from the ottice, but in April, 1894, was honored by be- ing re-elected to the post which he holds at the present time. He makes a reliable and trustworthy official, keeping his accounts in a very systematic manner, and by all who have dealings with him is considered a most courteous and affable gentleman. He is a native of this city, his birth having here occurred July 6, 1856. Tlie Rathfon famil3- are descendants of Swiss refugees who came to this state several generations since and assisted in the upbuilding and develop- ment of the community in which they located. Joseph, the grandfather of J. H., was born in Con- estoga Township, of this county, and during liis lifetime followed agricultural pursuits, being the 198 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. owner of a large tract of land lying along the Conestoga Creek. During his whole life he re- sided in the township of th.it name, where his death occuired in 1822. His only child was Jacob, wlio was born on the old homestead, and in iiis youth learned the tailor's trade. This has been his call- ing since that time, and for many years lie has carried on a clothing business in Lancaster, since 1867 having been a member of the firm of Samuel M. Myers ife Rathfon, at No. 12 East King Street. A verj' ardent Republican, he has served as a mem- ber of the Common Council from the First AVard, and was elected to serve on the School Board from the same ward. His second term in that capacity was as a member from the Sixth Ward, and he is very conscientious in the discharge of public du- ties. Religiously for many years past he has served as a Vestryman in the Luther.an Cliurch, and is at present a Trustee. April 30, 1844, he married Miss Mary L.Brown, and of their union were born the following children: Mary E., Gilbert B., Will- iam P., John E., J. H. and Melvin II. The eldest of the family, Mary, became the wife of Christian Rine, Jr., who died February 20, 1887. The subject of this biography attended the pub- lic schools of the city until about fifteen years of age, when he started out to make his own liveli- hood. Deciding to become a printer, lie entered the Intelligencer office, serving an apprenticeship at the trade, uiion the completion of which he worked on the New Era for a period of three years. Later he obtained a position in the postoffice as a Money Order clerk, and acted as such from J'ebruar}', 1881, until August 5, 1885. For about two years succeeding this he was engaged with his father in the clothing business, but in April, 1887, was elected City Treasurer, and in 1892, when he re- signed his place, he returned to his father's store, there remaining for about two years. On tlie Ist of October, 1878, occurred the mar- riage of Mr. Rathfon and Mary E., daughter of George H. Hartman, a well known resident of this city. Our subject and his estimable wife had a little son, who was named George H. in honor of his grandfather, but who was called from their home by tlie death angel, December 13, 1880, at the age of fifteen months. The parents are mem- bers of St. John's Episcopal Church of this city, and lend their assistance to worthy benevolences. Mr. Rathfon is an able business man and financier, and in all circles in which he moves numbers man 3' very true and sincere friends and acquaint- ances, who esteem him highly for his known quali- ties of integrity and uprightness. m^^^m ^50^ N FRANK RIED DIFFENDERFFER, a well known journalist of Lancaster and Secre- tary of the Pennsylv.ania German Society, was born in New Holland, Lancaster County, Pa., April 30, 1833. He is of German ancestry, and the fifth in the line of descent from John Diffen- derflfer, a native of Nehrisheim, near Heidelberg, in the Palatinate. lie sailed from Rotterdam in the ship "William and Sarah," reaching Philadel- phia September 18, 1727, and soon afterward settled in this count}'. David Diffenderffer, his grandfa- ther, was first a volunteer in the Continental army during the Revolution, and later became a com- missioned officer. He particii)ated in the capture of the Hessians at Trenton in 1776, in the second bombardment of that place in 1777, and in the battle of Princeton, where he was taken prisoner, and was one of the famous "sugar house" captives. He was at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-78, at the battles of JSIonmouth in the latter year, and served under General Sullivan m the memorable campaign against the Six Nations in western New York in 1779. The subject of this article was educated in the public schools of his native place and at Marshall College. He was trained to the business of a book seller, which pursuit he followed for six years in Lancaster. In 1857 he removed to Mexico, where he engaged in general merchandising for a period of fifteen years. In 1871 he returned to this cit}', and in conjunction with his two brothers started the banking house of Diffenderffer Brps. In 1877 Mr. Diffenderffer became one of the editors of the New Era, one of the most influen- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 199 tial Jin4 successful newspapers in eastern Penn- sylvania. Since then he has been a voluminous writer, not only for his own paper, but also fin- state and national publications. He is the author of the history of "The Three Earls" (townships in Lancaster County), and of numerous historical articles on matters of local interest. He is the Sec- retary of the Lancaster Countv Agricultural and Horticultural Society, and a member of the Lin- nivan Scientific and Historical Society and of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. He was one of the founders of the Pennsylvania tierman So- ciety, tiie first meeting looking to the formation of this organization having met in his otJiceat his invitation. Altliough only four years old, this society has advanced rapidly in influence and membership. Its aim and object are to perpetuate the memory and deeds of the ancestors of the members, search out, collect and preserve still ex- isting documents relating to the early history of these people, and to publish such as shall set forth the part belonging to them in the growth and de- velopment of American institutions and progress. The membership is composed of the lineal descen- dants of the early tierman and Swiss immigrants, and includes many of the most prominent and in- fluential citizens of the state. Of this society, Mr. Diffenderfifer ha? been the Secretary since its or- ffanization, and has edited the four volumes of "Papers and Proceedings" already published, and in this capacity lias shown enterprise, zeal and ability in producing works at once attractive in appearance and of high literary merit. He was also one of the founders of tlie Lancaster Count}' Historical Society, and the first Secretary of the Lancaster County Forestry Association. Although an ardent Republican, Mr. Diffenderf- fer has never been allured by the attractions of political life, though he ma}' claim to be among the founders of his party, as he was, when a young man, the Secretar}- of the first Republican club formed in this count}, this being in 1856. He has served in the Councils of Lancaster City, and was twice Acting Vice-Consul of the United States in the city of El Paso, Mexico. Living in the largest tobacco-growing county in the United States, Mr. Dififenderffer, through his journalistic relations, has naturally made tobacco and the sta- tistics on the subject a study. For both the state and general Government he has written exten- sively on this topic, having ]irepared the article on this industry in Pennsylvania which appeared in the Tenth Census Report, and is an acknowl- edged authority on matters pertaining to this sub- ject. In the year 1873 our subject was married to Miss Annie S. Sprenger, and one son, Harold Frank by name, has resulted from their union. — ^Si^lS^;^, mm-^i^m .?o ^ •Cio^ E^ DWAIH) CONROY is one of the enterpris- er ing and progressive business men of Lan- caster, being proprietor of the South Queen Street green -houses. He is a practical florist, hav- ing served his full timeat the trade and has l)ecoine well accjuainted with its various details. As the result of his business ability, industry and perse- verance, he has succeeded in Iniildiug up a fine trade and has a nice appearing row of green-houses fitted out in the most approved methods. Edward Conroy was born near Jersey Cit}-, N. J., November 19, 1856. His father, Patrick Con- roy, was a native of Ireland and was reared in Maryland to agricultural pursuits. Locating in New Jersey, he there successfully engaged in carry- ing on a farm until his death, at the extreme old age of eighty-seven years. His wife, who was in her maiden days Ann Chrisom, was likewise a na- tive of the Emerald Isle, and was the mother of six sons and one daughter. On attaining the age of eighteen years, Edward Conroy commenced learning the business of flori- culture with Judge Lathrop, at Madison, N. J. At the end of three years, during which time he was .assiduous in his attention and interest in the work, he began traveling and continued his journeys through Ohio, New York, Massachusetts, New Jerse}' and Pennsylvania. In 1887 Mr. Conroy located in Lancaster, believing that this would be a favorable point for a young man of enterprise 200 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. and ability to start in business, and the result has shown the wisdom of his decision. Necessarily commencing on a small scale, he rented a green- house in the west end and was situated there for three years, during which time he built up a good reputation in his line of work and laid the foun- dation for his future success. In 1890 he took charge of the green-house which he now operates. This plant he laid out and has rebuilt, being the first persim to occupy tlie premises. The six green- houses are models of their kind and cover a large extent of space, five of the number being 100x20 feet and the other 120x16 feet in dimensions. Mr. Conroy is an adept in the line of decorative work, making a specialty of getting up beautiful designs. He lias a large trade in cut tlowers by the wliole- sale, and is making a good success of his business. Since becoming associated with this work he has been a member of the American Florists' Society, and studies the best magazines and papers on the subject. In 1884 Mr. Conroy was married in Jersey City to Miss Ann Martin, a native of New York State, and of their union have been born four children, Ann, Mary, Helen and Edward. The parents are members of St. Mary's Catholic Church, and polit- icallj' our subject uses his influence in favor of the Democratic party. He is a young man of in- tegrity in his business efforts and numbers many warm friends in this locality. FRANK I. BIEMESDERFER, M. D., who comes from one of the respected pioneer families of Lancaster Count}', is an enter- prising physician and surgeon who has succeeded in building up a fine and paying practice in Lan- caster. His fatlier, one of tlie influential citizens of this place until his recent death, was .John Biemesderfer, whose birth occurred in Elizabeth Township. His fati)er wlio bore tlie same Chris- tian name, was born in that township and for years was a cabinet maker, later devoting, himself to agricultural pursuits. He was of German lin- eage, a member of the Lutheran Church and was seventy years of age on his demise in 1879. 'i'iie Doctor's father also learned tlie furniture trade, wliich he followed for some years successfully, then took charge of the old Keller mill just east of Lititz. Subsequent!}' he abandoned the milling business and engaged in running an hotel after the war. He was in the one hundred days' ser- vice at that time and was a member of the City Council of Manheim for years. For a period of nine j'ears he was proprietor of the Rolhville Hotel and then for fourteen years ran the American Rail- road House of Manheim. For a term of five years he was in charge of the Lancaster County House on East King Street, but retired January 1, 1894, on account of ill health. He was called from tills life February 12 of that 3'ear, and was placed to rest in Manheim. He was a member of the Lutheran Church and politically was a Republican. The mother of the Doctor was before her mar- riage Caroline Rcssler. She was born near Lititz, in Pine Hill, in which vicinity her father, Isaac Ressler, was also born. He was a farmer of Ger- man descent and his death occurred when he was in the prime of life, he being only forty-nve years of age. Mrs. Biemesderfer is still living, her home being in Lancaster. Of her six children the Doctor is the only one living, the others having died in childhood. In the fall of 1883, after receiving a good public and high school education at Manheim, Dr. Biem- esderfer entered the Millersville Normal School, from which he graduated three years later with the degree of Bachelor of Elements. Afterwards he taught school quite successfully for one year at Lancaster Junction and then devoted himself to the study of medicine with Dr. C. J. Snaveley, a leading physician of Manheim. In 1888 he be- came a student of the Medical Department of tlie University of Pennsylvania, receiving his diploma and the degree of Doctor of Medicine on his grad- uation in 1891. Commencing his professional ca- reer he located in Lancaster, having his office at No. 212 East King Street. He has built up a good rep- utation and a remunerative practice, his office be- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RKCORD. 201 ing now at No. 527 Chnrch Street. He is on the medical stafif of St. Josepli's Hospital and belongs to the L.ancaster County and City Medical Societies, as well as to tho Pathological Society. As a member of the Young Men's Republican Club he is greatly interested in i)olilics. Fraternally he is associated with the .lunior Order of I'nited American Me- chanics and the Benevolent Order of Elks. For several years he was organist of the Manheiin Lutheran Church, and while at Millersville devoted considerable time to tlie study of the art, afterward teaching for awliilc. He is a member of the Lu- theran Church of tliis city and is a young man of good principle, integrity and honor. Gz [t£5^. ■^■^ C5^ HENRY DRACHBAR. Asa representative of t!ie business element, to whose progres- sive spirit and superior abilities is due iiuK-li of the prosperity enjoyed by Lancaster, we present the name of Mr. Drachhar. who is well known not alone in this city, but also throughout the county. His entire life has been spent in the town where he now resides. Here he was born November 10, 1848, to the union of Henry and Anna Donner Drachbar. The family is of German origin, the paternal grandfather of our subject, Anthony Drachbar, having been born in Ilesse- Cassel. He was a Catholic and died in that faith at the .ige of sixty-five years. The father of our subject, Henrj- Drachbar, was the third in order of birth among five children. He was born in Hesse-Cassel and there resided un- til thirty years of age, when, accompanied by his wife and two children, he started across the Atlantic intending to locate in America. One child died during the voyage. Arriving in the United States he settled in New Jersey, but shortly afterward removed to Pennsylvania and made set- tlement in Lancaster County, where he continued to reside until his death. He was a brick layer and stone mason by trade, and engaged as a con- tractor, doing a large business throughout the county. In religious belief he was a member of the Catholic Church and belonged to the Cath- olic beneficial societies. Politically he was a Dem- ocrat. He died in 1881, aged sixt_v-five yeurs. His wife passed away in 1887, at the age of sixty- eight years. Their children, seven in number, were named as follows: Philip B., Henry, Mary, Albert, Clara, .John and Kate. Remaining with his parents until attaining man- hood, .Mr. Drachbar meantime was the recipient of ' common school advantages. He selected for his occupation that in which his father had previously engaged, and for some time assisted the latter in his work as a brick layer and mason. At the pres- ent time he is in partnership with his brother Philip. In this line of work ho is one of the most prominent and successful business men of Lan- caster, and in liis employ at one time had as many as thirty-eight skilled workmen. Among the con- tracts which he lias had may be mentioned the fol- lowing: the Franklin and Schiller Hotels, St. Jo- seph's Hospital an^ Foster large store, the old umbrella factory, Girard House, Stein man & Co. Building, Inquirer Building, Southern and Western Markets, Arnold and Hciiiilsh Blocks, Science and Library Building at Millersville, Lancaster Car- riage Works, and innumerable warehouses. In politics a Democrat, Mr. Diachliar is interest- ed in all measures pertaning to his party. He is a progressive citizen and is a warm advocate of ever}' project calculated to proniote the welfare of people. He has served as Street Commissioner, and at one time was candidate for the Legislature, but the Democratic party being in the minority he was defeated with the rest of the ticket. He is a mem- ber of the Catholic Church, and belongs to St. Leo's Beneficial Socict)' and theSlianahan Catholic Beneficial League. With the Maennerchor Singing Society he is also associated, and for many years was President of the organization. February 22, 1881, Mr. Drachbar was united in marriage with Miss Kate, daughter of Francis and 202 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Barbara Hiemenz. They have had nine children, namely: John, P'rancis, Mary, Jerome, Helen, Vin- cent, Julia, Henry and Raymond. Of these, Mary, Helen, Vincent, Julia and Henry are deceased. »5- ^^ i>-^^!4,000, and five sanctuary- windows have been placed in the church. These were imported from Europe and represent the five Jo^'ful Mys- teries. They are considered by judges to be verj- fine works of art and their cost was some $1,500. The church owns nearly one block of land on which it is situated, and six acres of land adjoin- ing the cit}', on which is located the St. Joseph's Cemetery. St. Joseph's congregation numbers over four hundred families, or about two thousand persons; the altar sodality has three hundred mem- bers, the solidity of the Blessed Virgin three hun- dred and fifty members, and the St. Peter and St. James Societies for men also number many regular attendants and members. In the parochial school which is carried on in connection with the church 204 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. tbere are seven sisters of the St. Francis Order. On the occasion of the silver jubilee of Father Schmidt, which was celebrated at the rectory, there was a large attendance of many notable people and members of the clergy. Of the latter there were over thirty-five present and among these was the celebrated Bishop Thomas McGovern. $;i&s^$>^$;^^^^ie@^^sig^e^f;^^^_ HON. WILLIAM AUGUSTUS ATLEE. When mention is made of the influential citizens of Lancaster, those who have at- tained positions of especial prominence in the pul- pit, at the Bar, on the Bencli, or in the avenues of commerce, the mind at once reverts to the subject of this biograpiiical notice, who has been a life long resident of this city. His entire active career has been devoted to the legal profession, and his researches and culture have moulded him into a type of lawyer which in dignity, ability and learn- ing marks tlie highest order of his profession. B3' constant application, broad knowledge and ex- tended practice, he has gained a wide reputation as a reliable counsel and successful advocate. There is no family in Lancaster whose origin is more noble or whose histoiy more honorable than that represented by our subject. His father. Dr. John Light Atlee, whose sketch is elsewhere pre- sented, was a physician and surgeon of national reputation, and one of the most eminent men of Lancaster. William Augustus was born in this city .lanuary 9, 1832, and received the rudiments of his education in the public schools of this place. Later he entered Yale College, and from that insti- tution in 18.51 he was graduated with ttie deerree of Bachelor of Arts. Subsequently, in 1854, the de- gree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by the same college. Immediately after completing his literary studies, Mr. Atlee commenced to read law under Thomas E. Franklin, and after three years of study was ad- mitted to the Bar, in August, 1854. Since that time he has devoted his attention to his large and varied practice. He has allowed no outside mat- ters to interfere with his profession. Neither the allurements of public office nor the winning smiles of fortune tempt him from the chosen labor of his life. On\y one thing ever caused him to lay aside his books and papers, and that was the peril of the Government during the dark days of the Civil War. W^ith true patriotic spirit he responded to the first call for troops, which was issued by Presi- dent Lincoln in 1861. Volunteering as a private, his name w.as enrolled as a member of Company F, First Pennsylvania Infantry. He was mus- tered in at Harrisburg for three months and was honorably discharged at the expiration of the time. In the summer of 1862, when the call for troops was issued at the battle of Antietam, among those who responded was Captain Atlee, of Company A, Twelftli PennS3'lvania Militia. In the summer of 1863, when the emergency call came at the time of the battle of Gettysburg, he served as Captain of Company F, Fiftieth Pennsylvania Militia. Po- litically he has always championed Republican principles, and has long been a leader in the coun- cils of the partj'. In 1856 he was Chairman of the Republican County Committee. From 1865 until 1868 he served as District Attorney. He enjoys the distinction of having been the first Republican Mayor of Lancaster, having been elected in 1869 upon the straight Republican ticket. He filled the office for a terra of two years, but did not discon- tinue his practice in the meantime. At Lancaster, October 14, 1857, occurred the marriage of Mr. Atlee and Miss Elizabeth Champ- nej'S, who was born in this city. Mrs. Atlee's fa- ther was the late .Judge Benjamin Cham()neys, formerl}' a prominent attorney of this place and Judge of the courts. They are the parents of three living children, Benjamin C, John L. and Elizabeth S. Socially, Mr. Atlee is a Mason of the Royal Arch degree, and is also a member of the George II. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. He is one of the charter members of the Lancaster Law Library Association. For j'ears he h.as been one of the most active men in the vestry of St. James Episcopal Church and is a regular attendant at its services. When at leisure from professional du- : ■-:*• '•;: ^M i ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^M A ^^^^H B ^ ^B^ ^^IB'^I J. M. W. GEIST. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 207 ties, be finds pleasant relaxation from business ciires in the societ}' of his family and in social iu- tercimi'se with his friends. He is .1 man of DWARD KRECKEL for thirty -seven years I Cy has been engaged in the harness business? and by attending strictly to ins financial interests has built up a fine local reputation, and many years has transacted ^20,000 worth of busi- ness. His shop is centrally located at No. 30 Penn Square, Lancaster, where ever3'tiiing in the line of saddles, harness, trunks, robes, blankets, etc., may be procured. The store is a substantial build- ing, 20x100 feet in dimensions, with three floors and a basement, which are crowded with the largest and most complete line of goods in this business in the city. Mr. Kreckel was born October 9, 1839, in Nas- sau, Germany. His parents were John and Cath- erine (Gilbert) Kreckel. The former was a native of the same town as his son, and received an ex- cellent education, later turning his attention to agricultural pursuits. He served for seven years in the army, being with Napoleon at the battle of Waterloo. In 1842 he removed to the United States with his wife and four children, and set- tling in this city, made his home here until his death. As he was possessed of considerable meansi he lived retired from business most of the time after settling here. His death occurred on the 1st of July, 1867, at the age of sevent^'-four years. He was twice married, by his first union having three children, and by his second union two chil- dren, Edward and Rose. The mother, who was born in 1802, is still living. The father was one of the organizers of St. Joseph's Society, and was a very active member of the Catholic Church. In his political proclivities he sided with the Whig party. Edward Kreckel received a private and public school education until reaching his thirteenth year in Lancaster. At that time he was employed in the Conestoga Cotton Factory. Again for a short time he was in the cotton mill after having served as an errand boy for a hat store. Deciding to become a harness maker, he served an apprentice- ship at that trade, and after completing the same started in business on a small scale at Fairfield, Druraore Township, this countj', selling out at the end of a year. Returning to Lancaster, he was engaged in business for a short period, and then going west, located at Louisville, Ky., in the same line of trade. In 1857 he returned to Lancaster, entering the employ of B. Yecker, with whom he continued until October, 1860. For the next two decades he gave his faithful assistance to M. Haber- busli, and finally, in June, 1881, ojjened a shop of his own at No. 4 East King Street, which was his headquarters for the following seven years. Succeeding this he was for tliree years situated at No. 5 East King Street, opposite his former loca- tion, and in 1891 purchased his old employer's business, where he has since been engaged in trade. Eight men are constantly employed to fill orders, and his trade extends over this and adjoining coun- ties, tlie site of the business being the oldest in the city. In 1859 Mr. Kreckel married Catharine, daugh- ter of Charles Rice, of this city, a weaver by trade. To this marriage the following children were born: Mary, wife of Fred C. Ruof, of the Central Cafe, Lancaster; Edward and John (twins), who assist their father in business; Catherine S.; 210 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Lucy nnd Charles (twins), the latter of whom died in infancj^ Mr. and Mrs. Kreckel are members of the Roman Catholic Church, and he belongs to St. Peter and St. Jcseph Beneficiary Societies. Al- though often solicited to serve in political offices, he has constantly refused, though he is a good Democrat. Though he commenced life a poor boy, he has become well-to-do by his own efforts. HENRY GOOD for over fifty years has been one of the residents of Pequea Townsiiip, his postofflce being Martickville, Lancas- ter 'County. He comes of one of the honored early families of this district, who have been sup- porters of the old Mennonite Church, and have been noted for their industrious and tlirifty quali- ties. The paternal grandfather, John Good was born and reared in this township, and was a very successful financier. He succeeded in making a nice little fortune in his various enterprises as a farmer, miller and distiller. For many years he was Justice of the Peace, and politically was a Democrat. By his marriage witli Miss Kreider, he had seven children, as follows: Christian. Barbara (wife of George Woffel), Jacob, John, Elizabeth (wife of Benjamin Kaufman), one who died in in- fancy unnamed, and Daniel. Christian, the father of Henry Good, was born January 1, 1796, and was reared in Pequea Town- ship. Upon arriving at man's estate, he was united in marriage with Catherine Breneman. As soon as he had acquired suHicient means, he became the owner of a good farm in Pequea Township, and for the rest of his life was active in its culti- vation. In time his resources increased until he became quite wealthy. Politically he was a sup- porter of the Democratic party, and, like his father before him, belonged to the old Mennonite Church. He and his wife were the parents of eleven chil- dren: John; Maria, who became the wife of Jacob Good; Barbara, Mrs. Harnish; Mamie, deceased; one who died befbre receiving a name; Elizabeth, Mrs. Hoover; Christian, Heniy, Elias, .Jacob and Abram. Henry Good was born September 7, 1836, in Pe- quea Township, where he grew to manhood and was given good common-school advantages. In his boyhood he was trained to farm life by his fa- ther, and when sixteen years old commenced in earnest to make his own livelihood. From that time until the present, he has succeeded almost en- tirel}' by his own unassisted efforts, and owes it to his perseverance in whatever he has undertaken that he is now well-to-do. The farm on which he was born and now lives contains one hundred and eleven acres, and is under high cultivation. Year by year the owner has gathered rich harvests in return for liis care and labor. In religion he is a Mennonite, belonging to the old congregation with wliich his ancestors have been identified for several generations. In politics he votes for Re- publican measures and candidates, and, like a true patriot, tries in eveiy possible way to u()hold the public good. For one term he served acceptablj- as Supervisor of the township, and also acted in the capacity of School Director for one term. On the 31st of January, 1861, Mr. Good was married to Miss Susan Miller. The lady is the daughter of Martin Miller, was born in ISIartic Township March 4, 1840, and there passed her girlhood. Mr. and Mrs. Good have become the parents of two children, their names being respec- tively, Louisa and Henry M. ^m- eOL. WILLIAM R. GERHART, A. M., is one of the youngest men ever commis- sioned Colonel in the United States Army, and is a veteran of the late Civil War. He has an office at No. 34 North Duke Street, Lancaster, and is engaged as a patent solicitor,,having a very suc- cessful business, which extends to other states. His professional career, as well as his war record, re- dounds greatly to his honor and credit. He is a PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 211 man of esteudcd information and is a very inter- esting conversationalist. Colonel Geriiart was l)t)rn in Gettysburg, Pa., January 10, 1844, being a son of E. V. (ierhart, D. D., LL. D., President of the theological semi- nar}- in Lancaster. (See his sketch elsewhere in this volume.) The Colonel is the oldest child in his father's family and passed his boyhood princi- pally in this city. Here he acquired the main part of his education, and in 1859 entered the Fresii- man Class of Franklin and Marshall College, from which he graduated in 18G3 with the degree of Bachelor of Art. Soon after his enlistment in the army his Alma Mater conferred upon him the de- gree of Master of Arts, and that year, on account of the war, there were no commencement exercises. In 1862 he w.as Lieutenant of the State Miltlia called out at the time of the battle of Anticlam. In June, 1863, be was enlisted in Independent Bat- tery I, Pennsylvania Artillerj', as First Sergeant, and later became Second Lieutenant. With his battery he went to Philadelphia and thence to Harper's Ferry. In the spring of 1864 he was commissioned Major of the One Hundred and Twenty-first United States colored troops. Going to Kentucky, he served in that state, and later was transferred to the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth United States Colored Infantry, of which he later became Colonel, and from Ft. Leavenworth, Kan., marched with his regiment across the plains to New Mexico, taking the old Santa Fe trail through that state and Colorado as far as Kl Paso, Tex. This was a difficult and hazardous march of some thirteen hundred miles through a hostile country, all the Indians being on the war path, and con- sumed about three months. The march was ac- complished successfully without the loss of animals or materials. The regiment remained in New Mexico about a year and a-lialf, protecting the set- tlements against hostile Indians untiri867, and re- turned in December of that year. The}- had several skirmishes with the Indians at Ft. Craig and other points, and after being mustered out at Ft. Leaven- worth, returned to their respective homes. Colonel Gerhart returned to Lanqaster and be- came City Engineer or Regulator, occupying that position for four jears and a-half. In 1876 he opened his office as solicitor of patents, and has succeeded in becoming widely known and has all the business he can well look after. Fraternally he is a Grand Army man, being a member of George II. Thom.as Post No. 84, and is Past Com- mander of the Knights of the Mystic Chain. In politics he is a stanch Republican. The wife of the Colonel, Miss Ella Carpenter, whom he married in this city in 1882, is a native of the place, and a daughter of the late William Carpenter, who was a prominent man, having held the oflSce of protho- notary. 3Mp MARTIN W. GROFF. Lancaster County is justly proud of her native born citizens, who are honorably bearing their share in sustaining her interests and in extending her wealth. Among these is the subject of this bio- graphical review, who is engaged in farming in Manheim Township, and is one of its most pro- gressive and enlightened farmers. His estate, which comprises one hundred and thirty-one broad iicres, is placed under substantial improvement. The fields are well tilled, and a neat set of farm build- ings adorn the place. Our subject was born in Lampeter Township, this county, March 12, 1823, to David and Eliza- beth (Whitwer) Groff. The family is of German descent, and the grandfather, who also bore the name of David, was a native of Lancaster County, and a farmer in East Lampeter Township. He was successful in his chosen calling, being the owner of an estate numbering two hundred well improved acres. In politics he was a Whig, and a member of the Mennonite Church. David Groff, Jr., was also a native of the above township, and being thoroughly trained to farm pursuits by his honored father, adopted that occu- pation as his life work. He lived to be thirty-six years of age, and died in 1825. By his union with Miss Whitwer, there were born five children: Ann, Benjamin, David, Elizabeth and Martin W. I 212 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. The wife and mother followed her husband to the land beyond a year later, at the age of thirty-six years. Our subject was quite young at the death of his parents, and was reared to manhood in the home of his older brother, Benjamin. He was the recip- ient of a common-school education, and has fol- lowed agrieullurnl pursuits all his life. He has been successful, having accumulated a goodly amount of land, and is in the enjoyment of a com- fortable competence. In religion he is a member in good standing of the Mennonite Church. In 1853 he married Miss Elizabeth Buckwalter, by whom he has become the father of the following ' named three children: Salome B., Clayton B. and Mary, the wife of Henry Landis. += ---^ JACOB L. MOWERY, M. D., is a very success- ful physician, who is now located at Letort. He received good medical preparations for his duties in after years, and has made the best of his opportunities with the result that he is to- day recognized as one of the leading physicians of the county. He was born June 23, 1855, in West Lampeter Township, being a son of Jacob and Emma (Lefever) Mowery, and passed his boyhood days on his father's farm in Strasburg Township. The Mowery family located in Lancaster County in the early days of its history, one of the early representatives being David, the great-grandfather of the Doctor, who it is believed settled near New Providence or Quarryville. On the maternal side it is known that three brothers came from France, set- tling in West Lampeter Township, where one made his ijermanent home, while another went to Phila- delphia, and the third also remained in this locality. The descendants of the brother Isaac have been for four generations farmers in West Lampeter Township. Isaac Lefever was a son of a Revolu- tionary hero. Philip, one of his seven children, is the grandfather of the Doctor, and his death oc- curred in August, 1810, at the age of seventy-three years. He was a Whig, like all the others of tlie family, and was a member of the Mennonite Church, though his ancestors were Lutherans. Emma Le- fever was a child of her father's first marriage, and her mother, Catherine, died in 1842, at the age of thirty-seven years. Her father then married a sister of his first wife and to them were born two children, the mother's death occurring in 1853. Mrs. Emma Mowery, who is still living, is a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Jacob Mowery, Sr., was born September 24, 1822, in Strasburg Township, where he spent all his life with the exception of two years. He was a suc- cessful agriculturist and continued Lo carry on his farm until his death, September 24, 1858, when he was onlj' twenty-nine years of age. He was a very active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was politically a Whig. October 2, 1850, oc- curred his marriage, and of his union four chil- dren were born: Abram, a farmer residing in Stras- burg Township; Frank, who died in infancy; Jacob L., Jr., and Benjamin M., who operates a farm in West Lampeter Township. Dr. Mowery attended the public schools of Stras- . ■ burg in his boyhood, and sulisequentl3' entered the Millersville Normal School, after leaving which he taught for three years in West Lampeter Township. In 1875 he took up the study of medicine with Dr. I. H. Mayer, of Willis Street, being under his in- struction for two years. In 1878 he was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, soon after which he settled at Conestoga Center, where he carried on a successful practice for six years. In 1884, going to Mason ville, he continued the practice of his profession and numbers among his clients many of the best people in that locality. When at college he made a special stud}- of gyne- cology and obstetrics, but has been mainly engaged in general medical work. He is a member of Lan- caster City and County Medical Societies, and of the Pennsylvania State Medical Organization, and is a student of the best journals and reviews in his line. The Doctor was married on the 3d of May, 1881, to Lizzie J., daughter of John Steighman, and of their union two children were born, John W. and Mary Emma. Mrs. Mowery was called from this PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 213 life Auijust m, 1880, at the age of thirty years and eleven months, leaving a host tif true friends, who have sincerel3' nioiuiied her loss. Dr. Mowery is a member of the C. M. 1 lowell Lodge No. 4116, of Safe Harbor, and was for many years as- sociated with Lodge No. 67, L O.O. F.,of Lancaster. Personally he possesses many traits of character which have endeared him to his friends, for he is an ideal physician, being kind and sympathetic, liim and reliable. REUBLN BKRTZKIKLD, an honored vet- eran of the Civil War, is one of the prom- inent dealers in leaf tobacco in Lancaster, having conducted this business successfully for manj' years. His public services have won for him the respect and commendation of his fellow- citizens, and he has been active in everything connected with its general welfare. For tiiree terms he served in the City Council, once as a representative from the Third and the other times of the Ninth Ward. As one of the founders of the Lancaster General Hospital, which was stiirled Decembei 2, 1893, he was conspicuous and has de- voted a great deal of time and work in the inter- ests of this now nourishing institution. The subject of this biography is the son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Stauffer) Bertzfield, his birth having occurred November 11, 1842, at Millers- ville, Lancaster County. His paternal grandfather was born in England and settled in this locality at a very early day, and his son Jacob was for many j'ears a resident of Millersville and a de- voted member of the United Brethren Church. The birth of our subject's father occurred January 13, 1793, in Millersville, and he followed the trade of a tailor, both there and after his removal to this city in 1869. For thirty years he was an ac- tive worker in church circles, and was a Trustee for a long time in the Lutheran congregation. In the War of 1812 he was drafted into the service, but only went as far as Baltimore. In politics he was a Democrat aiui at one time served as Super- visor. His lirst marriage was celebrated December 2, 1819, with Elizabeth Killheifer, who was born June 27, 1797, and died October 22, 1836, being in her fortieth year. By her marriage she was the mother of the following children: Catherine, wife of Chris Fencetermacher, of Altoona, Pa.; Susan, ALs. Benjamin Kuhns, of Millersville; Maria, who died in infancy; Elizabeth, Mrs. Joseph llabecker, of Philadelphia; John, whose death occurred in the hospital at Freeport, 111., during the Rebellion, and Hannah, who died in infancy'. By his marriage with our subject's mother, A|)ril 9, 1840, Jacob Bertzfield had five children: Caro- line; Reuben; Fannie, deceased, wife of John Mil- \ey; Ilettie, Mrs. George Brenner, deceased, and Mary, who married Jacob Chambers. The mother of these children died October 20, 1875, in her sixty-third 3'ear, and the father was called from this life March 29, 1888, when he had reached the extreme old age of ninety-five years and two months. Reuben Bertzfield attended the common schools of Millersville until ten j-ears old, when he turned his attention to learning the trade of a cigar maker. For two years he worked as a journey- man and later started a cigar manufactory on his own account in Millersville, where he continued until 1863. At that time he enlisted in Company A, Eight^'-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, being placed in the Third Division of the Sixth Army Corps, Arm}' of the Cumberland, and later being transferred to the Array of the Potom.ac. At the end of fourteen nionths' arduous service he re- ceived an honorable discharge, having contracted a severe illness. On recovering his health to some extent, our subject returned to his former employment of manufacturing cigars in Millersville, remaining here until 1869. Then coming to Lancaster, he worked at the same calling until 1870, when he associated himself with Teller Bros., dealers in leaf tobacco, and has been very successful in his chosen work, building up a remunerative trade. He is a Director in the Anglo- American Saving and Loan Association, and politically' is much interested in the success of the Republican party. Fraternally 214 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD he is a member of Lodge No. 99, K. of M.; Lodge No. 88, K. of P.; Lodge No. 251, A. O. U. W.; Lan- caster Council No. 912, .Jr. O.U. A.M.,and George Reynolds Post No. 405, G. A. R. He is a member of St. John's Lutheran Church, wliile liis wife, formerlj' Mrs. Susan E. Lemon, holds membersliip vvitli the Trinity Lutheran Church. Their union was celebrated January 6, 1876, the lady being a daughter of John Keller, of this city. Mrs. Bertzfield's paternal grandfather lived to the age of one hundred and four years, and her maternal grandmother, Mrs. Susan Rumberger, lived to be over ninety-live years of age. The father of Mrs. Bertzfteld served in the Seventy- seventh Pennsylvania Regiment during the Civil War as a member of Captain Wimer's company, and contracted a disease from which his death re- sulted soon after his discharge. He was at an ad- vanced age which would have exempted him from duty, but he went to the front nevertheless. His son John A., of the Seventy-ninth Regiment, was also wounded at the battle of Champion Hills and died at the hospital in Louisville, K3^, at twenty- one years of age. He was the elder of two chil- dren, the other being the wife of our subject. Their mother died April 17, 1875, aged seventy- six years. MORRIS ZOOK, a wholesale leather and shoe finding and upper manufacturer, is justly entitled to space in this connection for a biographical notice, lie was born in New Providence Township, February 11, 1841, the son of Noah K. Zook. who was born in Lancaster Coun- ty. Our subject's father was a farmer by occupa- tion; he learned the woolen manufacturer's trade and bought a woolen mill at New Providence, which was run by water power. He continued to operate this until 1865, when he located in Stras- burg, and tiiere died in 1879, aged seventy-four j-ears. In his religious convictions he was a Men- nonite. The family are noted for their longevity. In one of the families of ten sons and daushters. none died younger than seventy-four years; one of that number still survives and is living in the far west. Our subject's mother, Susan (Miller) Zook, was born on a farm adjoining Lancaster City. She died at about the age of thirty-six years. Of her family, three sons and one daugh- ter are now living, our subject being the third eld- est. He was reared at New Providence, attend- ing school at that place and Millersville. In 1858 he went to Philadelphia, where he served as a clerk in a wholesale hardware store until 1862, which was during the Civil War period. He enlisted as a member of Company D, One Hundred and Twen- ty-second Pennsylvania Infantry. He served in the capacity of Sergeant for nine.montlis, partici- pating in several engagements, including Freder- icksburg and Chancellorsville. After his return from the army he took charge of his father's wool- en mill at New Providence until 1868, when he engaged in the leather business at Lancaster. He purchased a tanner^' of I). P. Loclier on South Water Street, and was partner of A. A. Myers. This was followed for seventeen years. In 1885 he sold the tannery and engaged in finishing har- ness and dealing In leather and findings, also man- ufactured boot and shoe uppers. An extensive business was carried on in a two-story building 33x50 feet on Grant Street. Five men are em- ployed constantly to help conduct the business in one department, and four in another. Our subject is one of the stockholders of the Champion Blower & Forge Co., and was one of the original incorpor- ators; he is also a stockholder in the Lancaster Trust Company, besides being connected with sev- eral other manufacturing industries. In 1866 Mr. Zook was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth S. Locher, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Henry T. Locher, her father being a manu- facturer of morocco leather and the owner of a morocco tannery-. Our subject and his estimable wife have been blessed with three children: Harry L., engaged with his father; S. Kurtz, a jeweler on the corner of Orange and Queen Streets, Lancaster, and Catherine C, attending school. Mr. Zook has always been an active man and has served two and a-half terms on the Common Coun- cil from the Fourth Ward, and held positions on im- MARTIN KREIDER. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 217 poitant committees. Politically he is a Republican. He is .in lionored mciiilier of tlic Miisonir fraternity, belonging to the Hlue Lodge, Chapter and Com- mandery. Like many another of his comrades who took part in the Civil War from the Keystone State, he is a inenil)er of the Grand Army of the Republic. He is a consistent member of St. John's Church, and has been one of the ^'estrymen for fifteen years. As a party worker lie iias no superior. *t^ =^ * MARTIN KRKIDER, one of the old and highly respected citizens of this county, IS now largely retired from business but is still interested in various concerns in Lancaster, being President of the Eastern Market House, Treasurer and Director of the Home Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and a Director in the Fai'niers' National Hank, beside others that we might men- tion. For three years he was on the Hoard of Poor House Directors and has always been benev- olent and interested in the welfare of his fellow- men. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Tobias Kreider, was born in Lampeter Township, where he engaged in farming on arriving at manhood, and there departed this life at the age of seventy- seven years. His father in turn bore the same Christian name, and the family is of Swiss-German descent, having been members of the Mcnnonite Church. Our subject's father, JIartin Kreider, was born in the same localit_y as his father and was a farmer only tno miles distant from the city limits, where his death occurred in 1866. His wife, Eliz- abeth, was a daughter of Christian Rohrcr, both of Lampeter Township, the latter being a farmer and distiller by occupation. The mother died when over ciglity-six years of age, leaving a family of five children, two having previously passed awaj'. The youngest child, Daniel, took part in the battles of the Civil War, being in Kevins' Battery. Martin Kreider, of this sketch, was born in the same locality as his ancestors November 8, 1824, and remained at home until thirty-eight years of age. In 1863 he located m Lancaster, becoming proprietor of the building kiu>wii as the Cross Keys Hotel on West King Street near the s(iuaie, so called on account of the two large crossed gilt keys with which it is surmounted. The hotel of the same name was operated bj- Mr. Kreider for about seventeen years, and in connection with it he carried on a stable until 1880. He then became the owner of and located at No. 224 East King Street, since which time he has merely looked after his real estate. The Cross Keys, which had been a hotel for over one hundred j^ears, was rebuilt in 1882 into stores. During the time that Mr. Kreider was oneof the Directors of the PcK)r. from 1883 to 1886, a wing of the hospital was burned and later rebuilt. At another time the county barn was burned and also rebuilt. He well remembers when the Pennsylva- nia Railroad was built and when his father hauled hisown farm pi'oductsto Philadelphia. Since 1882 our subject has been a Director in the Fanners' Na- tional Hank and has been President of the Eastern Market House since it was started, it now having a cnpital of *50,U00. The Home Mutual Fire In- surance Compan}', of which he has been Treasurer since 1891, is a large organization, having over three million places insured. For some years he has been one of the Directors of the People's Building, Loan and Deposit Company. He is also a stockholder in the Hamilton Watch Company and one of the promoters and Directors of the Conestoga and Beaver Valley- Pike. In this city our subject married Mary E. Groff, who was born in Drumore Township, and they have two children, Anna and Mary. Mrs. Kreider is a member of the First Reformed Church. Our subject, who h.as traveled considerably, went to Ohio in 1846 and made his return trip by team, the journey taking some seventeen days; he went to Chicago as early as 1852. He is an active and influential member of the Republican party. FRANK PFEIFFER bears the distinction of being the oldest slate roofer in the city of Lancaster. His office is located at No. 230 West King Street and his yard at No. 514 West 218 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Orange Street. He is engaged in dealing in plain and fancy roofing slate, roofing paper, slate flag- ging for pavements, etc. He has been a resident of the city since 1846 and therefore bears a wide acquaintance, and is a man who makes friends of all whom he meets. Our subject was born across the water in Hesse- Darmstadt, Germany, June 9, 1825, and is the son of William Pfeiffer, also a native of the P'atherland, where he followed the trade of a painter. He joined our subject in the New World, and departed this life in Lancaster when in the seventy-third year of his age. His good wife, prior to her mar- riage known as Maria Storm, was also born in Ger- many and died here at the advanced age of eighty- three years. The parents were devoted members of the Lutheran Church. The parental family comprised ten children, five sons and five daughters. William, who is living in New York City, served during the late war as Lieutenant of his regiment and was wounded a number of times. Frank, of this sketch, was reared in his native place and until fourteen years of age attended school. He was then apprenticed to a slate roofer and after mastering the business worked as a journeyman for three years. In the spring of 1846 he determined to try his fortunes in America, and in company with his brother, Balthaser, left Bremen on a sailing-vessel which was fifty-four days in making the journey. On arriving in this country our subject made his way directly to Philadelphia, where he worked at his trade until the following spring, the date of his advent into this city, with whose interests he has since been identified. Not being able to sdcure work at his trade just then, he was variously em- ployed until the following year, when he was given employment as a slate roofer. One week after en- tering the employ of the company he was made foreman of the business, which position he held for nine years, after whicli he opened up in business for himself on East King Street, doing contract work and dealing in all kinds of roofing materials. Since 1892, however, his place of business has been at No. 230 West King Street. He keeps constantly on hand Vermont red and green roofing slate, Le- high & Bangor slate, and all varieties of roofing paper, having the largest supply and the best ma- terial of any establishment in the county. The original of this sketch was married in this city in 1854 to Miss Elizabeth Weller, born in Chestnut Hill, tiiis county, and the daughter of P'red Weller, a shoemaker. Mrs. Pfeiffer departed this life in 1891, leaving five children, namely: Emma, the wife of George Sharp; Lizzie, who mar- ried L. H. Bacher; Amanda, who is at home with our subject; Mary, the wife of Dr. John Palmer, and Frank W., engaged in business in Lancaster. In social affairs Mr. Pfeiffer is a prominent Ma- son, belonging to both Council and Commandery. He is also a Knight of Pythias and an Odd Fellow, holding membership with Hebel Lodge. He is a member of Zion's Lutheran Church and gives ma- terial aid to its support. In politics he is a be- liever in Democratic principles and gives the can- didates of the party his influence and vote. ■4^ r~y- EORGE SHULMYER. This popular resi- V^ T dent of Lancaster is engaged in the whole- sale and retail coal business, having his yards located at No. 22 East King Street. He is also one of the proprietors of the Lancaster Paper and Bag Mills, with his office at the above number, and the mills situated in Slackwater, this county. Our subject was born in this city, October 14, 1857, and is the son of George Shulmj^er, who was born in Heidelberg, Germany, and on attaining mature years, learned the trade of a rope-maker. In 1853 he crossed the Atlantic, locating in Lan- caster, where the following year he began the man- ufacture of rope, making that article by hand, and having his place of business at No. G02 North Queen Street. There he continued to operate un- til 1882, when he abandoned that occupation alto- gether. In 1869 he had embarked in the cOal business in company with Messrs. Adam and Philip Finger, the firm operating under the title of Shul- myer cfe Finger. This connection lasted until 1875, when the partnership was dissolved, and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 219 each continued to liandle coal alone. George Sliulmyer, Sr., in 1879 took in as partner A. W. Russell, and pureiiasing tlic yards of D. P. Bitner, tliey continued in business together until 188-1, when in February of that year the former died. He was a very prominent man in local affairs, was a member of the Common Council, and Director in the Maennerchor Hall Association. In politics he was a standi Democrat, and in religious affairs a devoted member of St. Stephen's Lutheran Church. Mrs. .Julia A. (Ochsley) Shulmyer, the mother of our subject, was also born in the Fatherland, near the city of Heidellicrg, and was married after coming to the United States. She is still living, and resides in the old home. George, of this sketch, was next to the eldest of five children, and received his education in the public schools of this city. He earl}' learned the trade of a rope-maker, and in 1875 entered his father's coal yards, hav- ing charge of the ottice work. Ill 1881 our subject went to Philadelphia, and •lul}- 2 of that year began in the retail coal busi- ness on his own account, having his yards located on the corner of Eighteenth Street and Washing- ton Avenue. These he operated until the death of his father in 1884, when he disposed of his inter- ests in the C^uaker City, and returning home, took charge of his father's interest in the business here. The firm was known as Russell & Shulmyer until July, 188G, when tlie senior member died. Since that time our subject has conducted affairs alone, and has been very successful in all his undertak- ings. His yards are located near the railroad, where he has eveiy convenience for loading and unloading co.al, and in his office he has telephone connection with his down-town olHce. He handles all kinds of coal, including anthracite, bituminous and cannel, being the only dealer in the city to carry the latter grade. Mr. Shulmyer is also engaged in the manu- facture of paper and paper bags, being one of the proprietors of the Lancaster Paper and Bag Mills. This has been in operation only since Jan- uary, 1894, and has a capacity of four tons of pa- per per day. The ra.achinei-y is operated by water- power, and the mill is superintended by W. J. Smith. Our subject is a Director in the building and loan association, together with the Mutual Fire Insurance Compan}'. Socially, he is a prom- inent Odd Fellow, belonging to Lancaster Lodge No. 67. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and at all times is loyal to the interests of his party. T7> DWARD M. COHN is one of the most pop- I Cy ular young business men of Lancaster and ranks high among his associates and fellow- citizens. He is a son of Gustav Colin, a successful physician, who for many years engaged in practice at Wanfried, near Cassel, Kiihihessen, (ierman}'. He was a very prominent and honored man in that locality and ever manifested a public spirit. In later years he was appointed a pensioner of the Government for services he had rendered. He was a man of excellent education, having pursued his studies in the Universities of Gottingen and Mar- burg, and stood in the front rank of the medical profession. His father, also a noted scholar, was a teacher in the Jewish school and was sanctioned head preacher by the Government. The niotiier of Edward M., who before her marriage was Ra- cliina Week, died when her son was onlj' a^year old. The subject of this biography was born May 17, 1853, in Germany, and received a superior educa- tion in his native language, his name having been enrolled for some time in the Schmal Kalden Col- lege. In 1874 he came to the United States with a relative and located in New York Cit}', where he became clerk for an importer of mirrors, etc., and remained in that position for five 3'ears. It was in 1879 that he first came to Lancaster, where for about three or four years he worked as a clerk for a California tobacco house, and during a portion of this time he carried on a small business on his own account. For about three years he dealt in leaf tobacco, his warehouse being located at No. 334 North Queen Street. In 1885 he moved to the cor- ner of Duke and Chestnut Streets, where he deals 220 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. extensively in leaf tobacco. He is at the head of the Pennsylv.ania Cigar Company and has met with good success in both branches. On the nth of April, 1881, Edward M. Cohn was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Hecht, who grew to womanhood and received her educa- tion in Philadelphia. .She is a daughter of Samuel Hecht, who was engaged in the wholesale notion business on Third Street, Philadelphia, and was numbered among the prosperous business men of that metropolis. Politically Mr. Colin is ardently attached to the principles set forth by the Republican party and in every possible manner upholds and promotes every measure pertaining to the growth and pros- perity of this city and the benefit of his fellows. Fraternally he is associated with the Royal Arca- num, and being affable and pleasing in manner, has thereby won hosts of warm friends. He is identi- fied with several Jewish organizations and a num- ber of charitable institutions of various kinds. I®. §^)4__. ^(e) j .;..;..{.4..3<.|..j..;.4..^.}..^4..|..{..}> m^" -© DAVID C. HOFFSTADT, proprietor of a general country store at Letort, Manor Township, has carried on this enterprise for the past seven years, meeting with good suc- cess and keeping a well selected stock continually on hand. He is a self-made and self-educated man, who lias had to depend entirely on his own un- assisted efforts and native qualities in the battle of life, having overcome many obstacles which would have daunted a man of less courage. From very early years he has literally had to "paddle his own canoe," as he was deprived of his father by death when he was only four years old and five years later had to go to live with strangers. David C, of this sketch, is a son of Adam and Hannah (Creep) Hoflstadt, and his birth occurred November 25, 1842, in Yokemtown, York County, Pa. Adam Hoffstadt was a miller by trade and this calling he followed near Yokemtown, where his life was mainl3' passed. Grandfather Peter Hoflstadt followed agriculture for his life work. When four years old David C. was taken by his grandmother and lived with her until nine years of age. When quite young he learned the trade, of a cigar-maker in Yorkemtown with an uncle, at which business he served an apprenticeship of three years. Later he learned the carpenter's trade, to which he devoted his attention for four years, and then took up coach-making, his knowledge of carpentry serving him in good stead. To the lat- ter calling he has mainly devoted his life and has in the course of time built up a good business, hi 1887 he engaged in general merchandising and in 1891 started in the undertaking business, manu- facturing his own goods and often employing as man J' .as ten men in the several departments of his business. He has succeeded in making a good liv- ing and in the acquisition of a comfortable com- petence, and this he has done by means of hard work and perseverance, for he started his business career without means and even without the usual education which is the almost universal heritage of American children. He is certainly entitled to great praise for what he has accomplished under these discouraging circumstances. His worthy characteristics have won for him the friendship and respect of those who know him, and in 1887 he was made Postmaster at Letort, having secured an office at that point, to which he had carried the mail most of the time for four years at his own expense. Politically he is a Democrat, and sociallj'' belongs to Christian M. Howel Lodge No. 496, F. & A. M., at Safe Harbor. September 20, 1863, our subject married Bar- bara, daughter of Henry Fishel, a resident of Washington Borough. To our subject and his worthy wife were born seven children, Lilly; Han- nah, wife of .Tonas Henry, who works for his father- in-law; Christian, Henry, Eli, Mary and Alice. The grandfather of Mrs. Hoffstadt was a farmer of Manor Township, and his family comprised the following children, John, Fred, George, Henry, Sallie (Mrs. Ent), Lizzie (Mrs. Drift), and Cath- erine (Mrs. Randall). Henry Fishel married Miss PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD, 221 Mary Fry, by whom he had eleven children, Eliz- abelli, Daniel, Barbara, Adam, Ann M. Caroline (who died when quite young), Abrum and Ilenr^- (twins), Amanda (Mre. Sliopf), Kate (Mrs. Dritt), and Marv. wife of George Shellz. >7^ BRAIIAM C. STAUFFER, one of the rep- I — \ resentative citizens of Manheim Town- ship, and a man of enterprise and influ- ence, is engaged in floricultural pursuits and also raises various kinds of vegetables for the city market. He has a good greenhouse on his place and makes a specialty of tlie cultivation of carna- tions and violets. The original of this sketch is the son of John and Elizabeth (Charles) Stauffcr and was born in Manor Township, this county, April 6, 1844. The Staufifcrs in this vicinity' are of German descent, and as far back as is known were all well-to-do fanners. John Stauffer was a native of West Ilenip- field Township, Lancaster County, and owned at one time u valuable estate, comprising two hun- dred broad and well cultivated acres. He was a member of the Dunkard Church, and was a firm believer in Democratic principles, politically. Our subject was the youngest in a family of two sons and three daughters, named as follows: Jacob C; Barbara, the deceased wife of Dr. Kendig, of Salunga; Esther, deceased; Elizabeth and Abraham C. The father departed this life in Jul3% 1852, at the age of forty-six years; his good wife survived him many years, passing away in Januarj', 1891, at the advanced age of eightj'-tbree j-ears. They were members of the Dunkard and Jlennonite Churches respectively. Abraham C. w.as reared on his father's farm and remained at home until reaching his twentieth year, during which time he received a good educa- tion in the district schools. Going to Poughkeep- sie, N. Y., he entered Eastman's Business College, where he took the full course, and was graduated in 1864. He then returned to the farm which he owned in West Hempfield Township, and after three years engaged in its cultivation, sold the tract and migrated to Ohio, making his home in the Buckeye .State for six jears, engaged in vari- ous business enterprises. At the expiration of that time Mr. Stauffer re- turned home, and in 1877 moved upon his ))resent place, which he purchased from his sister Esther. In 1886 he became the proprietor of twenty-five acres of land on the Petersburg Pike, just one mile from the city of Lancaster, where he follows gar- dening and where his greenhouses are located. He has every varietv of small vegetables upon his place, and is making a decided success of this industry. He raises none but the best and consequently finds a ready market for his produce and a price above theaverage. Although his greenhouses are stocked with every form of plant life which can be grown in that section, he makes a specialty of cultivating carnations and violets. Our subject is a true blue Republican in politics, and while living in Ohio served as a member of the School Board. November 1, 18C4, he married Miss Hettie R., daughter of Johan Leahman, a farmer of Manor Township, this county. To them were born five children, one of whom died in infancy; the others are, Ida May, who died at the age of thirteen years; John J., a telegraph operator on the Pennsylvania Road, located at Kauffman; Charles and Annie E? Mrs. Stauffer is a member of the Mennonite Church. In every respect they are val- ued and most highly esteemed citizens, whom we are glad to represent in this volume. E3. "SJ ^-i-^[ REUBEN P. SWARR, engaged in the manu- facture of cigars in Landisville, is the son of John and Elizabeth (Peifer) Swair, and was born in East Hempfield Township, September 12, 1855. The father died January 25, 1887, when j sixty-seven years of age. His good wife is still living, and makes her home in East Petersburg. Many years ago three brothers, ancestors of our subject, emigrated from Switzerland, bound for the 222 PORTRAIT AXD BIOGRAPmCAL RECORD. New World, and on arriving here located west of the city of Lancaster on a tract of land which they farmed. John Swarr, the great-grandfather of our subject, was born in 1734, and died in 1821. He was twice married, his first wife being Miss Veron- ica Shirk, who died in 1779. By her he became the father of the following-named children: John, Christian, Peter, Veronica and Ann. His second wife, who bore the maiden name of Magdalene Nissby, was born November 14, 1762, and died in 18.52. She became the mother of Martin, grand- father of our subject, who was born October 25, 1788, and died February 5, 1847. Martin Swarr, the grandfather, was also a farmer in this township, in which pursuit he was success- ful, and belonged to the Mennonite Church. He first married Miss Anna Heistand, who bore him five children, of whom three died when young. The onl}- sister of John, the father of our subject, who lived was Martha, who married Jacob Easier, and on his death became the wife of John Shenck. The lady who became the second wife of Martin Swarr was Elizabeth Milling, and to them was granted a family of seven children, Annie, David, Martin, Jacob, Amos, Susan and Elizabeth. The father of our subject, John Swarr, was a na- tive of East Hempfield Township, and in follow- ing farm pursuits was very prosperous, accumu- lating three hundred and fift}' acres. He was an active member of the Mennonite Church, and in politics voted with the Republican party after its organization. He was greatly interested in the cause of education in his neighborhood, and for many years served as a member of the School Board. His wife was the daughter of John Peifer. of Manheim Townsliip, and to them were born eight sons and two daughters, of whom three died in infancy. They were, Phares, Martin, Hiram, John, Meno, Reuben and Lizzie Ann. Reuben P. Swarr received his education in the public schools and the Millersville State Normal. Wlien leaving school he engaged for a short time as clerk in Manheim, after which he returned to the old homestead and resided there for the fol- lowing three years. Then coming to Landisville, he began the manufacture of cigars, and now oc- cupies a building two and one-half stories in height, and 30x50 feet in size. He does $25,000 worth of business annually, and gives employment to from thirty to forty hands. He manufactures several special brands of cigars, and is thoroughly familiar with every detail of the business. December 23, 1880, R. P. Swarr and Miss Annie S., daughter of Jacob Risscr, of Rapho Township, this county, were united in marriage. Their three children are respectively Mabel, born in 1883, J. Reuben in 1885, and Annie in 1887. Mrs. Swarr departed this life December 10, 1887. She was greatly beloved by those who knew her, and her death was a severe blow to her husband and fam- ily. In his political relations our subject is a stanch Republican, and is one of the most public spirited citizens of Landisville, where he has many warm friends. ISAAC DILLER'S SONS. This firm of wholesale and retail dealers in hardware at Lancaster is composed of William F. and Charles V. Diller. This is one of the most successful business concerns of the citj' and is situated at No. 7 East King Street, in a central location. They manufacture tinware, roofing and plumbing material of all kinds, and sell a general line of hardware, includ- ing stoves, iron and steel, and blacksmith supplies. The business occupies four floors and they have additional warehouses 35x100 feet. Several men are employed as traveling salesmen on the road. They handle powder, which they keep in maga- zines out of the limits of the city. In 1893 they established the Lancaster Peerless Emery AVheel Company on North Water Street, and have re- cently increased their capacity threefold. They employ three men on the road in that line con- stantly, and are conducting a rapidly increasing business. This fact is in part explained by the fact that their wheel is the only one made by a process which includes the burning to a white heat, which destroj's all impurities, and further that each wheel is subjected to hydraulic pressure, which makes it PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 223 as superior to another wheel as a pressed brick to an ordinary one. Isaac Diller, the senior member of this firm, was born in Lancaster February 5, 1823, and is a di- rect descendant of Cas|)er Diller, a French Hugue- not, and the progenitor of the family in l>ancaster County. There are documents in the possession of the family dating back to Michat-1 I)iller (1,")4;5), who was a court preacher and also a distinguished literary man, some of his works being still extant. Casper Diller came to America with his wife. Har- bara, whom he had married in Kngland, accom- panied by their two children, and in 1739 settled in tlie locality of New Holland, on Mill Creek, where he engaged in agriculture, becoming a ver^' successful man. Many members of the family have been promi- nently identified with the medical and legal pro- fessions and the ministry; some gained distinction in the Hevolutionary War and in subsequent strug- gles for the rights of American citizens in the United States. Casper Diller had three sons, Philip Adam, H. Martin and Casper, Jr. He also had seven daughters. I'hilip Adam w.as born near Heidelberg, Germany, and came to Lancaster with his parents. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Leonard Ellmaker, who came from Germany and settled in Earl Township in 1726. One of their children was Leonard, the grandfather of Isaac; his father was George A., who resided in Lancaster, where he was in business the most of his life. One of his brothers was the proprietor of Dillerville, and for two terms, beginning in 1835, was Adjutant- GeneraJ of Pennsylvania, the second highest office in the state at that period. He was also Sheriff of Lancaster County when it embraced much more territor3- than at present. During the Mexican War he raised a company for service and was out for a short time. He was a bold and courageous man and a splendid horseman. Isaac Diller was reared at Lancaster and started out in life as a boy in the mercantile business. His first employment w.is that of a clerk in a grocery store, and from 1836 to 1843 he was a clerk in the dry-goods store of George Falienstock. He spent five years in the store of John jM. Lane and gained a reputation for integiity, besides acquiring val- uable knowledge of the business. In 1848 he en- tered the hardware store of Steinman as book- keeper, and afterward became a valuable salesman. From 1860 to 1872 he was a partner in the firm which was known as George M. Steinman A- Co. At the last named date he retired from the firm, hut continued his business relations with it until 1877, when he purchased the large hardware estab- lishment on East King Street, which business he successful!}- conducted, assisted by his sons. He was a Vestryman of St. James' Episcopal Church until he helped to organize St. John's Free Church in 1853, of which he was a charter member. He was Chairman of the building committee and Senior Warden from 1854, a compliment bestowed upon him by each succeeding i-ector. He alwaj-s mani- fested a deep interest in the affairs of the church. In the renovation of the property in 1871 he as- sumed three-fifths of the expenses incurred, be- sides the sum subscribed, and as the records show, made "a generous donation of the lot adjoining." In 1849 Mr. Diller was united in marriage with Miss Anna M., daughter of Jacob Frej- and grand- daughter of Jacob Frey, one of the early merchants of Lancaster, who was one of the reception com- mittee of five to receive and entertain Gen. George Washington when he visited Lancaster, Jul}- 4, 1789, the onl}- recorded time that the father of our country ever visited the place. Mrs. Diller survives, with the following children: William F., Charles B., Lydia and Anna M. The sad fate of the eldest son, Rev. Alonzo P. Diller, is remem- bered by all. Together with his family' he met death in the terrible Johnstown flood. He was a graduate of Franklin and Marshall College of Lancaster, as well as of tlie General Theological Seminary of New York, and was a prominent min- ister in tire Episcopal Church. Samuel B. Diller, the youngest son, is the manager for his family of the controlling interest which they own in a large tract of coal and timber land in West Virginia, and is also President and builder of the Roaring Creek & Charleston Railroad, twenty miles long, which runs through the above property. Mr. Diller never sought or filled any public of- fice, and whatever he did was without ostentation. He distributed his charities in a quiet way and 224 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. many such acts were never known even to his family. A rethied gentleman, of simple habits, possessing a pure mind and a good heart, he was also a progressive citizen, ever ready and willing to assist in a good cause. Socially he was an iion- ored member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M. He died Novem- ber 28, 1892,aftera brief illnessof two weeks. His last visit outside of his house was Sunday morn- ing two weeks prior to his death, when he attended services at St. John's Episcopal Church and wit- nessed the baptism of his youngest grandson. He became afflicted with a stroke of paralysis and this progressed gradually until it affected his entire body, finally resulting in his death, thus ending a long, eventful and well spent career. WILLIAM P. WIRTH occupies the very responsible position of Chief Engineer of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company of Lancaster and has been longer in the employ of this concern than any other man. He is a fine mechanic and well versed in his calling, and by the faithful manner in which he discharges all of the duties devolving upon him has won the entire esteem and confidence of his superiors. In manner being very genial and pleasant to all, he has won many warm friends and is very popular among those who have the pleasure of his acquaintance. Though a native of Baltimore, where his birth oc- curred June 12, 1849, he was re.ared in this city and with its welfare has been identified nearly all his life. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Will- iam Wirth, was born in Ilesse-Darmstadt, Germany, and was a practical blacksmith, which vocation he followed during his entire active life. Tlie father, Peter, a native of the same locality, came to Amer- ica in his boyhood, and being a practical mechanic and blacksmith, engaged in work at his trade in Baltimore. About 1856 he was an employe of the Melcher Rifle Works, five miles from that citj', continuing with them until he came to Lancaster. At one time he served in the Government employ on the gunboat "Princeton," and his death oc- curred when he was in his sixty-fifth year. Both he and his wife were active workers in the Re- formed Church, and the latter is still living, her home being in Lancaster. In her girlhood she bore the name of Hannah Wendt, and her birth occurred in Hanover, Germany. William P. Wirth is one of two sons and a daughter who grew to maturity, and with his brothers and sisters attended the public schools of this city. With his father he was for a time em- ployed in the Henrj' E. Lemon Rifle Works, work- ing for that firm about seven years and becoming engineer. Mr. Wirth then started at No. 527 North Christian Street, in partnership with his father in the manufacture of gun locks, tools, etc., and con- tinued at that point for three or four years. In 1876 he went to Philadelphia to accept the posi- tion of hotel engineer in the St. Cloud Hotel and soon was promoted to be chief engineer. In 1878 Mr. Wirth returned to Lancaster, doing general engineering work until 1886, when he was offered the post of assistant engineer in the Edi- son Electric Illuminating Company, the plant of which had just been completed. He accepted this position and was of some assistance in putting the machinery in proper shape. The same year he was made chief engineer and under his advice the concern has been enlarged and many improve- ments made on the original plans. The city in- corporated this company, buying out the old United States Company and starting in with four engines of one hundred horse-power, which have been increased to those of the present with a ca- pacit}' of twelve hundred horse-power. The Elec- tric Company can furnish six thousand Edison lights with two thousand alternates, one hundred commercial lights and two hundred and fift}- for streets. Under the supervision of our subject there are at the present time about nine men, and to every branch of the work he gives his personal supervision. In 1876 our subject was married in Philadel- HENRY BOMBERGER. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 227 pliia to Miss Margaret A. Brubakcr, a native of IManlieini Townsliip and a daugliter of Michael IJnibaker, wlio formerly operated a farm. Mr. and Mrs. Wirth liave a. family of live cliildreu: Harry 15., Irene M., Margaret E., William C. and Clarence P. The parents hold membership with the Fii-st Reformed Cli'irch of tiiis city and arc highly es- teemed by tiieirniany friends and acquaintances. Our subject belongs to the Order of Red Men and politrcally votes with the Democratic [larly. HENRY BOMBERGER, a brick manufac- turer of Lancaster, is one of its success- ful business men, his i>roducts finding a rejid}' sale in this vicinity'. In addition to his regular line of work he has invested in other en- terprises, and is quite extensively interested in building operations, owning and having erected about thirty houses and other buildings. Besides this he has put up a planing mill for genernt work aod the inauufacture of sasli, doors and blinds. His brick kilns and works are fitted out with mod- ern improvements in his liue, and turn out a fine grade of work. Mr. Bomberger was born in Rbeinboj'er, Lan- terecht, Germany, June 25, 1845. His father, Law- rence, a native of the same localit}', was a carpen- ter and cooper by trade. May 12, 1846, he landed in Lancaster, after a voyage of forty-eight days on the briny deep in a sailing-vessel, in which he and his wife and two children had embarked at Bremen. For eighteen years he was actively en- gaged in working at his trade, after which he turned his attention to market gardening on Manor Street, which calling he followed for many years. He was born in 1811, and died in Lancaster, Octo- ber 1, 1893. His wife, formerly Mary lleitzemer, died in 1885. They were both members of the Lutheran Church, and in politics the father was a Democrat. Of their five children, Henry is next to the eldest. Until attaining his twelfth 3"ear, our subject continued to reside under the parental roof in this 7 vicinit3-, and at this lime commenced working for neighlwring families. He was only a lad of about thirteen when he commenced learning his father's .trade of a cooper under his instruction. On be- coming master of the business, he started a- shop of his own on Hazel and Lovcland Streets, and succeeded very well at this occupation, emijloying about one dozen hands, and continuing in the trade for some twenty -seven years. Latterly he was located on Manor .Street, and had turned his attention somewhat toward brickmaking. Finally he sold out his cooperage and becanu' foreman for James BranglcN', a brick manufacturer, working steadily for the succeeding five years. At the end of that time he engaged in i)utting up five frame houses on Fifth Street for himself, doing the work mainly alone. Three of these places he has sold, and the oilier two he still owns. Ill the fall of 18;>2 Mr. Bomberger purchased the brickyard formerl}- owned by Peter Zeigler. He now owns eleven and three-fourth acres of ground on Pearl and Second Streets. He has a brick machine and manufactures niainlj' by hand, emiiloying two sets of men as molders. The clay Used in this brick is of a fine quality, which stands the weather and is impervious to moisture. The engines and boilers used are of lwent3'-five and thirty-five horse-power, respectively; the kilns liavc a capacity of one hundred and twenty-six tlidusand brick apiece, there being two in number of the square shape. The sheds in use can contain about one hundred and thirty-five thousand brick, and till' drying place has a capacity of one liun- died and twenty- thousand, five hundred and twenty. The works are run steadily during the summer season, when thirly-Hve hands are em- ployed. Mr. Bomberger still continues his build- ing operations, and has put up a planing mill 34x60 feet in dimensions, and still owns thirteen city residences. Four teams are constantlj' em- ployed to deliver the products of his brick manu- factory and the trade of the concern is steadily in- creasing. The home of our subject, a substantial and well built residence, is at No. 202 Pearl Street. He was married in the Vine Street Church of this city in 1867 to Miss Charlotte Willig, who was born in 228 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Hanover, Germany, and came to America in 1865. Their union has been blessed witli four children: Philip, who is a contractor in tliis city; Rosa; Harry, in business with his father; and William. In politics, Mr. Bomberger votes in favor of the prin- ciples advocated by the Democratic party. He is a man who merits the esteem of his fellow-citizens, by whom he is highly respected. DAVID B. KAUFP^MAN, of Manor Town- ship, is engaged in a general blacksmith and wagon-maicing business, having been located at his present place for the past six years. He is a practical workman, who knows thoioughly every branch of his business and receives patron- age from far and near. He comes from one of the pioneer families of Lancaster County, his grand- father, .John Kauffman, in his early life having lived in this township near Creswell, where he operated a good farm. Later he removed to Kohr- erstown, in this county, where his death occurred in 1863, at the age of sixty-six years, having been born in 1797. In politics he was a Republican, and religiously lie was a member of the Old Men- nonite Church. B3' his wife, formerly a Miss Brernor, he had six children: Katie, who became the wife of James Hughes; Benjamin T., Lizzie, Mattie, Abram and Abner. Abner B. Kauffman, the father of our subject, was born in Manor Township and learned the cooper's trade, which he followed for seven years at Millersville, and then pursued his calling at iSafe Harbor for a time. Afterward he was engaged at the butcher's trade until his death. He mar- ried Mrs. Catharine (Greenwall) Bowen, who had two children, Cyrus and Henry, by her marriage with Cyrus Bowen. To Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman were born ten children, John, Lizzie, David B Benjamin F., Amanda, Kate, Mattie, Amos G., Jennie and Abram. The father was a member of the United Brethren Church, and voted with the R&l)ublican party. His death occurred at the age of sixty-two years, in November, 1888, and his wife departed this life September 10, 18S)2, aged sixty-six years. The birth of David B. occurred June 2, 1853, and his education was received in the public schools of Ilighville, which he attended more or less until seventeen years of age. After leaving school he worked on a farm in Manheim Town- ship until about twenty-two years of age, at which time he commenced serving an apprenticeship at the blacksmith's trade in Safe Harbor and completed it at the end of two years. Later he worked with Benjamin K. Echelman, with whom he remained for eleven j'ears. In 1888 he purchased his pres- ent place, which comprises five acres. He has made the most of its improvements, consisting of a new frame residence, a good shop, etc. November 13, 1879, Mr. Kauffman married Bar- bara Dearster, of Creswell. Her father, Frederick Dearster, follows the business of fence construction. Mr. and Mrs. Kauffman have become the parents of five children, Ada D.. Blaine D., Elma D., Es- ther D. and Ralph D. They are members of the Evangelical Church and have many warm friends in this community. A true blue Republican, Mr. Kauffman is active in the ranks of his pariy, and at one time served as Judge of elections. He is doing well in his business venture, and as lie turns out only the best of work he well merits the many customers who give him their constant patronage. :f \ T S^ILLIAM SCHAEFER, an enterprising V/ \/ fierman-American of Lancaster, has been engaged in the grocery business in tliis city since 1865, at No. 457 West King Street, and has built up an excellent reputation for the reliable standard and fancy stock which he al- ways carries. He numbers among his customers many of the oldest and best families of the place, some of whom have constantly placed their orders with him for the past thirty years. A native of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 229 Germany, Mr. Scliaefer was born iii Massan, Sep- tteinber25, 1837, being a sou of Wenry .Scliaefer. likewise a native of the Fatherland, who ft)ll(>wed the trade of a cabinet-niai»er. Ou removing to the United Suites he located in this city, in 1869, and continued to make his home here until his death, in 1873, when he had attained the age of seventy-five years. He was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church and came from a long lived family, his father having passed away when in his eighty -sixth year. The mother of William Schaefer, who was mar- ried in Germany, w.is a native of that land and bore the maiden name of Margaret Winkle. By ! her marriage she became the mother of six chil- ' dren, four sons and two daughtei"S, namely: Chris- tian, Charles, William and .lacob (deceased); Hen- rietta, Mrs.Goodecker,and Catherine, Mrs.Schlaush. Mrs. Henry Sch.aefer is still living, at the extreme old age of ninety-two years. William Schaefer, of this sketch, received a good education in his native language, but was obliged to leave his studies when fourteen years of age in order to obtain a livelihood. For some time he worked at various pursuits, steadily laying iiside a certain sum, for he wai determined to come to the United States, believing that he would have better opportunities for the acquisition of a fortune in this country. When he found himself able to carry out bis plans he left his native land in a sailing-vessel, and on his arrival in New York City pursued his westward journey, landing in Lancaster in 1865. He soon opened a grocer}- in the central portion of the city and year by year h.is become more and more prosperous. In 1868 Mr. Schaefer was united in marriage with Miss Annie Marie Gunzenhouser, and seven children have been born of their union, four of whom are living, as follows: William, photog- rapher, in Lancaster; Anna, Henry and Marj-. Socially Mr. Schaefer is a member of the Red Jacket Lodge No. 144, Order of Red Men, and be- longs to Lodge No. 165, K. of P. Religiously lie follows the teachings of his childhood, belonging to the Trinit}' Lutheran Church of this place. Politically he is a Democrat and interested in the success of bis party. He is an example of the self- made men of this countrj', who have started in life with nothing but a determination to succeed. He has risen step by step to a position of affluence and inlluence in the community, owing to the ex- ercise of industrious and persevering qualities. He has a host of warm friends and acquaintances in this place who hold him in the highest respect. }il-^"i^il^^l=^ iT^ BRAM B. SNAVELY, a retired and well- f — \ to-do citizen, is still living on his home- stead in Pecjuca Township, Lancaster Coun- ty, but has relegated the care of the same to others. In former years he h.as frequently been called upon by his fellow-citizens to serve in public positions of trust and honor, and in each instance has so met the requirements of the situation that he has won only commendation from those concerned. The father of our subject bore the same Chris- tian name and was born in Conestoga, now Pequea Township. He was nearly all of his life a farmer and w.as also a minister in the new Mennonite Cluireh, of which ho was a member for ^ears. On arriving at man's estate he married Elizabeth Biickwalter, by whom she had six children, two sons and four daughters, as follows: Annie, Mrs. Weber; Benjamin; Elizabeth, Jlrs. M^lin; Abram B., of this article; Martha, deceased, and Fannie. The birth of Abram B. Snavely, .Ir., occurred in December, 1823, near Wheatland Mills, in Lampe- ter Township. His education was limited to such as he might obtain in the common schools of this township, which he attended a portion of the year until he was twenty ^-ears of age. Up to this time he had worked on the farm under his father's in- struction and thus became familiar with all depart- ments pertaining thereto. He continued to reside under the parental roof until 1866, when he purchased the farm which was the scene of his operations during the remainder of his active life. This property is well cultivated and ver}- desirable. There are good buildings, barns, etc., upon the 230 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. farm, and the fortunate possessor of the place has derived a good income from his general fanning and stock-raising for over fortj- years. In December, 18S6, Mr. Snavelj' was united in marriage with Miss Catherine Roherer, and to tliem were born two children, sous, the eldest of whom, Roherer, was named in honor of Mrs. Snavely's family, and the younger was christened Stoner. Mrs. Snavely was born in this county and here grew to womanhood and received lier educa- tion. She has been a faitiifui companion and help- mate to her husband in tlie acquisition of his propertj' and is still living on the old homestead. In politics Mr. Snavely is a very loyal Repub- lican, and on four different occasions has been sent as a delegate to county conventions of the party. He has been very active in political affairs and for tiirce terms served as Judge of Elections, and for a like number of terms was Inspector of Elections. For one term he served in the capacitj' of School Director and has been Township Assessor for three terms. In these varied positions he has been faithful and honorable, and his reputation as a public man has been above reproach. JACOB L. HESS. For over sixty years this worthy old settler has been numbered among the progressive citizens of Pequea Town- ship, Lancaster County, his entire life having been passed on the old homestead which is now in his possession. This farm was formerly owned by other generations of the Hess family and has come down in direct descent. The paternal grandfather, Michael Hess, was born and reared on this farm, and with his son, our subject's father, at one time was extensively interested in the manufacture of plows. During his last years he returned to agri- cultural pursuits, which formed his main life occu- pation. He was a member of the German Baptist Church and frequently preached in that denomi- nation. He married Maria Shock, and to them were born four sons and two daughters, namely: Jacob, .John, Abram, Michael, Barbara (Mrs. Zook) and Veronica. Jacob Hess, the father of our subject, was born in Conestoga, now Pequea Township, and as pre- viouslj' mentioned, was for some years a plow inanufiicturer. He was a practical farmer and as such was often consulted by his friends and neigh- bors on questions relating to agricultui*. Polit- ically he was a Federalist and subsequentl}' es- poused the cause of the Whigs. For one terra he served as Supervisor of this township and bore an enviable reputation in the community for his qual- ities of industry, sobriety and high sense of honor in business affairs. ' Religiously he is a member of the German Baptist Church as was his father. and is greatly interested in the work of the denomination. By his marriage with Elizabeth Lichty, six chil- dren were born, as follows: Barbara, Maria, Susan, Fannie, Jacob L. and Michael, who died in child- hood. The eldest daughter was twice married, first to Samuel Rciff, and after his death to Conrad Seigler. The subject of this article was born March 5, 1827, on his father's farm, in Pequea Township, which property is now owned and carried on by him. His education was obtained in the district schools of the township, which he attended more or less regularly until reaching his eighteenth year. From his boyhood his ))ractical and industrious father trained him for agricultural pursuits and in such branches as would be of use to him in after years. The farm, which is under fine cultivation, has good buiUlings and imiirovements upon it and comprises within its boundaries some one hundred and six acres. Ever3thing about the place is kept up in a thrifty and business like manner, showing the constant attention and supervision of the care- ful owner. January 3, 1853, Mr. Hess was mar- ried to Miss Mary llerr, daughter of one of the worthy old settlers of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Hess have liad a family of ten children, all but three of whom are living. Their names in the order of birth are as follows: Lizzie, Martin, Barliara, Ileniy, Alartha, Anna, Jacob L., Mary, Fannie and Suie. Lizzie, Martlia .and Anna have been called to the better land and the other members of the family PORTRAIT AND BI«OGRAPinCAL RECORD. 231 are nunibererl among the most excellent citizens of the various eoinimiiiilies in which they make their home, as their [nirents reared them to lives of usefulness and industry. A ver}" active worker in the Republican party, Mr. Iless has always been greatly interested since its organization in its prosperity and has lent his influence to that end. As one who is known to be on the side of educa- tion and advancement, he has quite frciiuently been elected to serve as School Director and as such has spared no i^airis in the discharge of his du- ties. In'his religious belief he is, like his anceslcu's, a member of the German Baptist Church. -^ DR. OEOROE W. HULL, I'li. D.. A. M., is one of the leading instructors in the insti- tutes held in the eastern and central part of Pennsylvania, and at present is a member of the faculty of the ^lillersville Normal JSchool. ^'"or the past few years he has devoted much of his time to lecturing and work in the ministry and has been ver3' successful along these lines. The ancestors of Dr. Hull on the paternal side were German, and on the maternal side were French. The original spelling of the name was Holl, and a part of the branch of the family in this county have changed it to its present stj'le. The Professor's grandfather, John Hull, was a car- penter by trade, and resided most of his life near Chester County, in Lancaster. His death occurred in Slrasburg, where he had lived for some time previous. Religiously he was a member of the Lutheran Church. He and his wife became the parents of seven sons: Jolin, Adam, Joseph, George, Levi, Henrj' and David. George, our subject's father, was born in 1812 and also learned the carpenter's trade. He worked at his calling during the most of his mature life at Strasburg. He was an Odd Fellow; in politics he was first a WlMg and later a Republican. To himself and wife, formerly Sidney Pelen, live sons and live daugh- ters were born, Mary, Knima, Elizabeth and Harry, whodied in childhood; Letitia, Mrs. Hoak, of Sterl- ing, HI.; John F., whose home is in Strasburg; Susan, Mrs. Frew, of Paradise Township, this coun- ty; Sidney, Mrs. Frazier; George, of Sterling, 111., and Cornelius, of Strasburg. The mother of this family is still living. The birth of Dr. Hull occurred September 16, 1852, at Strasburg. He attended tlic public and high schools of that place, graduating from the latter at the age of eighteen 3'ears. In 1871 he en- tered the elemeiitarv class of the Millersvillc Nor- mal School, from which he graduated in 1871, and a year later from tlie sciehtific course. On ac- count of his exceptional ability he was at once chosen to be Assistant Professor of mathematics. He was educated in the school of Dr. Ed .Brooks, author of Brooks' scries of malhematics, and in- herited from his maternal grandfather, Chancy Pelen, his talent in this direction. With the ex- ception of the year 1882, when Dr. Hull was Prin- cipal of the schools of Huntingdon, Pa., he has been connected with the Miliersville Normal School as a member of the faculty since 1875. For the past eleven years he has been First Professor of mathe- matics and for seven years has lectured before count}' institutes on mathematics and general edu- cational subjects, having more demands upon his time than he can possibly fill. In 1885 he took the post-graduate courses in the University of Illi- nois, Bloom ingtou, 111., receiving the degrees of A, M. and Ph. D., and then took the regular lines of study prescribed by the Philadelphia Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and in 1884 was ordained a minister of the denomination by Bishop "Warren, of the Quaker City. Though he has never taken a regular charge, he has done con- siderable preaching and is an influential member of the deuomiiiation. He has strong convictions on the subject of temperance and has frequently made this the theme of his lectures. Dr. Hull is now engaged in editing a series of mathematics for one of the leading publishing houses in Phila- delphia. August 4, 1880, Dr. Hull married Miss Anna, 232 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. only daughter of Thomas Hambleton, of Bucks County, Pa., and they have five children: Anna May, Arthur H., Horace M., George R. and RuthS. He is a stanch supporter of the Republican party. -I****,!! 5^.5.4. .5. 1. 3****'^^ ^-t-i-i-F /~y EORGE RUSS is one of the worthy Ger- V T man-American citizens who have been act- ively identified with the upbuilding and development of Lancaster. He lent his services to the defense of the Stars and Stripes when he had been under their protection some six years only. The birth of Mr. Russ occurred February 8, 1837, in Wurtemberg, he being a son of Chris- tian and pjlizabeth (Seegar) Russ, and he was the only member of the family who ever left the Fa- therland to come to this favored land. It was in 1856 that Mr. Russ left his ancestral home and embarked in a sailing-vessel bound for the United States. On his arrival lie settled at Lititz, Lancaster County, where he remained for three ye.ars. and in 1860 came to this place, where he worked at his trade until the breaking out of the Civil War. On the 14th of July, 1862, he donned tlie blue, becoming a member of the Twen- tieth Regiment Ohio Battery, and was attached to McCork's Company. Afterwards he joined Gen- eral Sherman's Army and took part in the follow- ing celebrated battles and numerous other engage- ments: Liberty Gap, Chickainauga and Cumber- land Mountain. He served faithfully and valiant- ly, being ever found at the post of duty, and was always to be relied upon by his superior officers. At the expiration of his tiiree years' term of en- listment he was mustered out at the close of the war, July 14, 1865, at Cleveland, Ohio. On his return from southern battlefields, Mr. Russ worked at his trade as a blacksmith and horse- shoer in this city, where he has remained ever since. By the exercise of industry, economy and strict attention to business, he lias succeeded in accumulating considerable means, and what is quite as important has built up a reputation for ability, integrity and honorable dealings which might well be envied by any one. March 20, 1866, George Russ was united in marriage with Caroline Kling, and to thera were born one son and four daughters. The only son. Christian, died at the age of eleven months, and Mary, the eldest daughter, is also now deceased. The younger members of the family, Carrie, Katie B. and Lillie, are at home. They have been given good educational privileges and are cultured and intelligent young ladies. The family have many friends in this city who hold thera in high esteem, and it is a great pleasure to them to throw wide the doors of their hospitable home for the enter- tainment of their acquaintances. -1.544..^.;. VJ \ HARRY LIGHTNER TROUT has a good business at No. 25 Center Square, Lancas- ter, where he does all kinds of book-bind- ing and similar work, and has the largest trade in the city in this direction, employment being afford- ed to twenty-two hands. He is one of the native sons of this city, where he received his education and was reared to manhood, and with the excep- tion of about tliree years has passed his entire life in this place, being identified with everything re- lating to its upbuilding and progress. The parents of H. I>. Trout were Adam and Sa- lome (Lefever) Trout, formerly respected citizens of this locality. Our subject was born October 28, 1853, and is a brother of F. B. Trout, who is also engaged in business in this city. He received an excellent education in the grammar and high schools of Lancaster, completing his studies in 1869, when fifteen years of age. In 1870 he went to Philadelphia, where for three years he was em- jiloyed in the queensware business, but on the ex- piration of that time he returned to Lancaster, and for the succeeding four years devoted his energies to learning the trade of book-binding, serving an PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 233 apprenticeship, l^pon the completion of his trade, or shortly afterward, he started in business for himself at iiis present location and has been very successful in his enterprise, receiving the work of the various (niblishcrs in this and nei<2;liboring cities, and also doing work for the general trade. A very active worker in the Rei)ublican party, Mr. Trout h.is been called upon to serve as a mem- ber of the Common Council, and for the past six years has served on important committees, being at the present time Chairman of the Coininittce on Ilighwa3S,and was elected from the Fifth Ward. Socially he is a Mason, belonging to Lamberton Lodge No. 476. F. iVr A. M. On the 2d of September, 1875, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Trout and Miss Sarah K., a daughter of Joseph Y. Colby, a well known citizen of this place. Mr. and Mrs. Trout have a daugh- ter, Maude C. They are members of the Presb^'- terian Church of tiiis i)lace, in which the}' are act- ive workere. They number man}- warm friends both in church and social circles, and are a worthy and hospitable young couple. €^ JAMES S. SYMINGTON is an enterprising and progressive citizen of Binkle3''s Bridge, where he is senior member of the firm of .lames S. Symington ik Co., manufacturers of all kinds of manilla, envelope and drawing paper. He has been engaged in this business in the above place since 1870, having that year purchased the plant of the Eden Paper Company. Our subject is the son of \VaIter and Jennette (Paiden) Symington, and was born in Berwick- shire, Scotland, Jul}- 13, 18.32. The father was likewise a native of that shire, where he had a good position as landscape gardener. He was a mason of high standing and belonged to the Presbyterian Church, in the faith of which he died when only twenty-seven j'ears of age. His wife was the daugh- ter of John Paiden, a large manufacturer at Ed- inburg, and was descended from an old and prom- inent family in Scotland. She w.as reared in the family of her uncle, John J>yle, of Dalkeath, Scot- land, who w.as ijublisher of the Lyle Bible. The parent-Ill family included two sons and one daugh- ter. The latter, Ellen, became the wife of James Crawford, of Lasswade, Scotland; John came to America in 18(51 and fought as a soldier in the War of the Uebellion, enlisting in the Hartford City Guards. He participated in all of the battles fought by the Army of the Potomac, and when peace was declared located in Burnside, Conn., where he found employment in the paper mills. James S., of this sketch, was the eldest in the family. James Symington, the grandfather of our sub- ject, was a native of Led Hills, Lanarkshire, Scot- land, where he was an extensive shepherd farmer. He was a brother of William Symington, who is known as the inventor of the lirst steamboat. The paternal graridfalher of James S. S^-mington fled to Ireland after the battle of Both well and re- mained there until his death. The original of this sketch was educated in his native land, and after the death of his father he learned the trade of a paper manufacturer under Alexander Annandle, of the Bolton Paper Works. In 1853 he emigrated to America, locating in Nor- wich, Conn. He worked at his trade for the fol- lowing five years, when, owing to his executive ability and thorough fitness for the position, he was made Superintendentof the plant at that place. In 1868 he came to this state and for eight years was Superintendent of the mills in Reading. Two years previously, however, in company with other gentlemen, he had purchased the mills of the Eden Paper Companv at Binkle3^'s Bridge, aud when severing his connection with the firm in Heading he removed to this place and has since given his entire time and attention to making a success of the enterprise. The mill was burned in 1883, but the firm imniediatelj- rebuilt, erecting a larger and more substantial structure. They manufacture ma- nilla, envelope and drawing paper and turn out over five thousand pounds of paper per day. The plant contains the latest improvements in the way of niacliinerj^ and is first-class in every particular. The company was organized with a capital stock 234 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. of 150,000 and employment in the mill is given to twenty-four men and five girls. Mr. Symington is authority on paper-maliing, and in 1882 was sent to Europe in the interest of the Phusey-JoneSvStearasliip Company for the pur- pose of looking into the improved methods in the manufacture of paper, as well as matters of a me- chanical nature |)ertaining to the mechanical con- struction of all kinds of paper and machinery. Socially he belongs to Lodge No. 62, F. & A. M., in Reading, and in politics is an ardent Republican. March 1, 1856, James S. Symington and Miss Ann Dobson, of Lancashire, England, were united in marriage and to them were born four children: Walter; Martha, Mrs. .lohn Pollard, now deceased: James, and Jeanette, the wife of Daniel Kagill. Mrs. Sj'mington departed this life in 1866 and two years later our subject married Miss Eliza Arnold, of Burnside, Conn. By this union there have also been born four children, as follows: Harriet, the wife of Henry Middfeit; Charles, William and Myra. :^m(± WILLIAM W. TRIPPLE, a general mer- chant at Safe Harbor, for thirteen years was a member of the firm of Tripplc & Warfel, succeeding George A. Tripple, and be- ing in partnership with Elias Warfel. He has been a resident of Safe Harbor since 1856, and during this long period has been actively interested in all public movements pertaining to the general wel- fare. He is a son of John and Hannah (Cox) Tripple, his birth having occurred November 11, 1836, at New Holland, Earl Township, and he re- ceived his early education in the common schools of Churchtown, being obliged to leave his studies when sixteen years of age to work on a farm in order to obtain his livelihood. John Tripple, the father of William W., passed the early years of his life in Lancaster and learned the trade of a hatter, which he successfully followed for a number of years at Lancaster. Subsequently he removed to New Holland, which was liis home for several years, and passed his last days at Churchtown. In politics he was a Democrat and at one time was Township Assessor. He was an active member of the Pipiscopal Church at Church- town and was elected a member of the Indepen- dent Order of Odd Fellows, but died before he had been initiated. His death occurred May 9, 1851, while he was still in the prime of life, being only forty-four years of age at the time. His wife sur- vived him for many years, departing this life when seventj'-nine years old. She became the mother of the following children, who grew to maturity, and all but three of them are still living. In order of birth they are: Samuel Z., deceased; John J., a resi- ident of Safe Harbor; William W.; Marj' C, de- ceased wife of Isaac Mundorf; Caroline, Mrs. A. J. Hudson, of Safe Harbor; Charles D.; Sarah A., wife of Edward Lincoln, of Churchtown; George A., a grocer in Lancaster, and Benjamin F., of Phil- adeliihia. In 1856 Mr. Tripple of this sketcli came to this cit}' and learned the business of heater in the roll- ing mill, in which he was an employe until the mill was closed. For four years he then followed his trade at Buffalo, N. Y., but in 1866 returned to this place, and for thirteen years succeeding oper- ated a general store, doing a good business, at the end of that time buying out his partner. He has been successful in his investments and for a num- ber of years has engaged in dealing and packing leaf tobacco for the trade. In his social relations he holds membership with the C. M. Howell Lodge No. 496, F. & A. M., of Safe Harbor, in which he is Past Master, and has been Secretary for the past eleven years. He has been very active in Masonic circles and also in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, having passed through all the chairs of Conestoga Lodge No. 334, and for a long time represented it in the Grand Lodge. September 21, 1857, Mr. Tripple married Eliza- beth Lewis, whose father, David Lewis, is a resi- dent of Colerain Township, this county. Our sub- ject and his wife have had nine children, Mary C, wife of J. B. Doty, now of York City, Neb., where he is engaged in teaching in the public schools; Hannah, wife of John S3-nser, of this coun- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 235 ty, aiu) a carpenter by trade; Charles, wlio died at tlie ago of one year; George II., a very intelligent young man, who died in his twenty-third year by falling down the stairs during a fainting fit; Lewis A.; Alice and Annie, wiio died in childhood; .h)hn D., a general confectioner, baker and grocer in York Cit3', Neb., and Leon C, who assists his fa- ther in business. Professor Doty, the husband of the eldest daughter, is a fine scholar, a lecturei and a preacher in the Methodist Episcopal Church. lie is a native of Luzerne County, Pa., where he grew to manhood. Mr. and Mrs. Tripple also reared an adopted son, William Wirt, giving him a good education, two years having been spent in York City College of Nebraska, and he is now holding a clerkship in that place. Mr. Trip|)le is a member of the Safe HarlK)r Methodist Episcopal Church, with which he h.as been connected in an otticial capacity ever since joining it in 1858. In the Sund.ay-school and in all departments of church work he has ever been interested and eflicient. Until the re-organization of the Conestoga IJank in Lancaster Mr. Tripple was one of its Directors, having been also one of its founders, but when the new oflicers weie elected he tendered his resignation. He is a man of honor and uprightness, who has made a host of friends in the vicinity of his home. ♦^^^11®®!^^^^ PII. KELLER. A commercial institution which has gained an established reputa- tion among the residents of Lancaster is the Keystone P)Usiness College, of which Professor Keller is the Princip.al. It is conveniently situ- ated at No. 140 North Queen Street, over the Northern National Bank. Here instruction is given, both day and evening, in bookkeeping, shorthand and typewriting, penmanship, commer- cial arithmetic, correspondence, commercial law, grammar, orthography, ca|>italization, oflice prac- ■tice, etc. After completing the regular business course, a student is thoroughly (jualined for the satisfactory discharge of duties in a position of res poll si bi lit}' and trust. The Keller family is of German origin, our sub- ject's great-grandfather having been the lirst of that name to emigrate to America. Grandfather Daniel Keller was a weaver of fancy fabrics, being tlius engaged first at Ephrata, then in Manheim, and later in Lebanon County. Daniel Keller, Jr., our subject's father, was born at the last-named l)lace,and there he still makes his home. Through his active years he was engaged as a contractor and builder, but now lives in retirement from bus- iness cares. His wife, whose maiden name w.as Susanna Ilefllcy, died in 1877. There were ten children in the family, all of whom are still living, oursubjcct l)cing the young- est son. He was born in Strickleistown, Lebanon County, December 30. 1865, and in that village the 3'ears of boyhood and youth were uneventfully passed. When very young he w.as an expert in the use of tools, and in Leb.-inon County aided his fa- ther in carpentering. Later he was similarly em- ployed at Williamsport, and while in that city he took a commercial course, thus la\ing the founda- tion for his present broad education. About 1887 our subject went to Georgia, and at Tallapoosa was emploj'ed at his trade, as fore- man and bookkeeper for his brother. Thence he went to Bluffton, Ala., where he also held the same position. Returning to Lebanon he sojourned there for ten months, after which he returned to the south and spent the next eighteen months, again holding the same position with his brother at Bluffton, Ala., thus by his travel gaining a broad and practical knovvledge of business. In 1892 he took a special teacher's course at Lebanon Business College, from which he holds two di- plomas. Going to Ilarriman, Tenu., he opened a commercial college, which he conducted success- full}- for some time. However, he afterward sold out to Professor Niver. The Keystone Business College w.as established January 7, 1889, and was purchased by Professor Keller in May, 1893, since which time he has con- ducted it upon thorougiily business principles and with flattering success. In addition to other in- 236 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. terests he is acting as district agent for type- writers, with headquarters in New York. In re- ligious belief he is a member of the Evangelical Association. His political preferences are with tlie Republican party, to which he invariably gives his ballot. :0#(^ (Tpr LDUS BUCKWALTER BARR is engaged / — \ in dairy farming in Manor Township. He is the possessor of a good estate, which be- sides being devoted to general fanning purposes, is used for raising large quantities of leaf tobacco. Mr. Barr was born January 19, 1858, in Pequea Township, this county, and is the son of Benjamin and Barbara (Buckwalter) Barr. The grandfather of our subject, who bore the name of Benjamin Barr, spent the greater part of his life in the above township, witiiin whose bounds were located his two farms, one containing one hundred and thirteen and the otiier one hun- dred and fourteen acres. He was very successful in all his undertakings, and was recognized as one of the wealthiest agriculturists of the county. He was shrewd in all business transactions, upright and honest with all those who had dealings with him, and consequently was greatly respected and esteemed b}' his fellow-men. In politics he was a Republican, and was a member of the Mennonite Church. He married Miss Barbara Miller, and by her became the fatlier of five children: Abram, John and Fannie, all deceased; Eliza and Benjamin M. The grandfather .departed this life at the age of eighty-one years, while his good wife was seventy-eight at the time of her death. The native place of tlie father of Aldus B. was also Pequea Township, where he secured his common school education, and was thoroughly trained in farm pursuits. When read3' to begin life on his own account he secured a tract of land adjoinino- the old homestead, comprising one hundred and fourteen acres, which he operated until 1869. Three years later he purchased the estate now oc- cupied by our subject, where he conducted agricul- tural operations with fair success. Benjamin Barr is now the owner of one iiundrod and twent3'-four acres of good farming land in ilartic Townshi[), besides a tract of one hundred and flft3-four acres lying in West I lempfield Township, upon wliich he is residing at the present time. He is prominent in the political life of his community, and alwa3'S votes with the Republican party. The parental family included three children, of whom our subject was the second born. Elam, the eldest, died at the age of nineteen, and Benjamin is unmarried and resides at home. Al- dus B. Barr received his education in the district schools of ills native townsiiip, and has made agri- culture his life work. He gives special attention to dairy farming, keeping on his place seventeen good milch cows. He also raises a fine grade of leaf tobacco, for which he finds a ready market in the surrounding cities. Aldus B. Barr and Miss Alice, daughterof Henry H. Stehman, were married in 1872. Mrs. Barr's f.a- ther is a farmer of Manor Township, wiiere he also owns tlie Stehman flouring mills. The only child of our subject and his wife is a son, Elwood B. In politics Mr. Barr is a Prohibitionist of the strongest t3-pe, and religiousl3' belongs to the Uni- ted Brethren Church in Lancaster. i#®l^.i^^*- W"^ QUIRE JACOB SPOO, a prominent poli- tician of Lancaster, is Justice of the Peace and is now serving as Alderman of the Eighth Ward,havingbeen elected on the Democratic ticket. His office, which was built for the pur- pose, is at No. 314 West King Street, and he at- tends to all kinds of conveyancing, collecting, real estate business and civil practice. The ward which he represents is practically a German ward and his clients and constituents are mainly drawn from the worthy natives or descendants of the Father- laud. Mr. Spoo, who is self educated, is equally PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPIHCAL RECORD. 237 conversant with the English and German languages and is a v(mt intelligent and well informed man. The father (>f our subject bore the Christian name of Mathias. He was born in Luxemburg, Germany, and reared in Alsace, where he learned the trade of porcelain maker. When twenty-four ■ years of age he came to America, settling in this city, where he married Eliza Kitch, a native of the place. For several years he worked at his trade in the pottery owned by Henry Gast. In 1861 he volunteered his services as a musician and was made leader of Band II. Afterwards he was trans- ferred to the Army of the West, being placed in the Fifth Wisconsin Infantry, and was killed at Camp Ciritlin in 18G2, when only thirty-five years of age. He was reared in the faith of the Cath- olic Church, but his wife was a Lutheran. Her fa- ther, Jacob Kitch, who died in Lancaster, was of Swiss descent, members of the family having set- tled at a very early day in Now Jersey. Mrs. Spoo, after the death of her husband, became the wife of Henry Butt, and is still a resident of Lan- caster. Frank, the only brother of our subject, is now a farmer in Warwick Township. Until ten years old. Squire Spoo was reared in the city, attending the common school. He was born November 27, 1858, and was therefore onl^' four years old at the time of his father's death. For that reason, and being the eldest of his moth- er's children, he w.as obliged to earlj' assist in the faraiiv's support. From the age often to eighteen years he worked in a brick yard, after which he served an apprenticeship as a cigar maker for an uncle, C. Scheid, for three years. After becoming familiar with the business he continued to work for his uncle for three years more and then was employed at various places for several 3'ears. In February, 1892. he was elected Justice of the Peace by the Democrats, and in May was commissioned by Governor Pattison. In 1881 J.acob Spoo was married to !Miss Ida ¥.. Kuhns, whose birth occurred in Lancaster, and whose father, Heniy Kuhns, now deceased, was a harness m.-inufacturer. Four children were born to bless the union of Mr. and Mrs. Spoo: Frank; Mabel, who died at the age of seven years; Annie, and Harry, who died in infancy. The farailj' resi- dence is a pleasant one and is situated at No. 312 West King Street. Socially Mr. Spoo belongs to the Sons of Amer- ica of Lancaster, being Vice-President of that Older. For three years, or until he resigned, he held the position of Recording Secretary of Th.ad Stevens Council, O. U. A. M. For some six years he served .as Deacon of St. Luke's Reformed Church, of which he is a member. He is also a member of the Daughters of Liberty. - ~^CT ^^>-^<^^-5- WALTER D. MADIGAN, one of the pro- prietor of the Lancaster News Com- pany, is justly entitled to space for a biographical notice in this connection. He was born in Lancaster, April 6, 1866. His father, John Madigan. was born in Ireland, emigrated to Amer- ica, and settled in Lancaster, where he clerked in a store. Subsequently he removed to St. Louis, Mo., where he engaged in the wholesale and retail boot and shoe business. He died in that city in May, 1866. Our subject's mother, Elizabeth (Denton) Madi- gan, was a native of Lancaster, and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Denton. Her father, who was a shoe manufacturer and dealer, came from lOngland to this country, where he established his permanent home. After his death, his wife reared the family in Lancaster, where she still resides. Her mother was a sister of John Wise, the cele- brated baloonist, whose last ascension took place from St. Louis and proved fatal, at least he was never heard of afterward. Our subject is the youngest of a famil}' of four children, three of whom are living. He was edu- cated in the public schools, and when ten years of age engaged in the news business, working for dif- ferent companies. When sixteen years of age, he engaged in business for himself in his present place. In September, 1893, tlie business was en- larged and became known as the Lancaster News 238 PORTEAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Company, of wliich he is principal owner. The location is No. 5 West King Street, where a full line of all kinds of newspapers, magazines and other literary matter are for sale. He is a member of the National Association of News- dealers, and has served on the committee on or- ganization. Politically he is identified with the Democratic party. ^•^^^^m^^^i^^^'^^^:^^^^ ROBERT J. HOUSTON, one of the active business factors of Lancaster, well known as President of the Helvetia Leather Com- pany and of the Houston Coal and Coke Com- pany, was born in Maghera, Londonderr3' County, Ireland, January 16, 18.32. The family of which he is an honored representative was for manj' years identified with the history of Scotland, where they owned "•Houston Castle," tiie history of which dates back to the twelftli century. About that time Sir Hugh de Padvinan, who was of Freiicli descent, engaged to fight for Malcolm IV., King of Scotland, and in compensation for his services was granted the lands of Kilpeter, Strathgrief, where he built a castle. His Scotcii neighbors, unable to pronounce his French name, called his place "Hughs-town," hence the n.ame Houston. Two of his descendants emigrated to Ireland late in the seventeenth century and settled in County Lon- donderry. One of them, who bore the name of Robert, was granted three townships of land, and from this branch of the family is our subject de- scended. The parents of our subject, David and Margaret (Niel) Houston, were married in Ireland March 17, 1831, and the following year emigrated to the United States, landing in August of 1832. The father, being the youngest of three sons, was there- fore disinherited by the English law of entail, and so sought a home in the New World. The voyage across the Atlantic, covering sixty-three davs, was one of considerable peril, but at last they anchored in the harbor of Philadelphia. They immediately took passage in a Conestoga wagon for Lancaster Count3', where his aunt, IMrs. Thomas Patterson, and cousin, John Houston, resided. In the spring of 1833 they commenced housekeeping near his aunt's home, but shortly afterward, through the solicitation of his brother Henr3', he was induced to move to Ogdensburg, N. Y., where he formed a partnership with John Harper in the boot and shoe business. The climate, however, was not congen- ial, fever and ague prevailing, and" so he soon re- tinned with his family to Lancaster County, reach- ing tiiat place in 1838 with only fiftj' cents in his pocket, and five persons dependent upon him for support. He at once began to work at his trade of a shoemaker, and being an industrious and skilled workman, he had a large tiade, continuing in the business until 1846. Now advanced in \-ears, lie makes his home with his daughter in Chester County, Pa. The wife and mother died in 1883. To David and Margaret Houston were born four children, all of whom are living, as follows: Robert J., of this sketch; Dr. Joseph W., a practicing phy- sician of Lancaster; Rose Ann, wife of William A. Fleming, a farmer of Chester County, Pa., and Dr. Samuel N., a physician of Washington, D. C. The eldest son, our subject, was reared in Lancaster County, with the exception of eighteen months spent in Ogdensburg, N. Y. He was educated in the public schools and McCuUough's Academy', at- tending the latter institution two years. In 18.51 he began clerking in the store of T. Armstrong & Co., Georgetown, Lancaster County, and twoyears later engaged in business for himself at Bethania, Salisbury Township, Lancaster Countj', continuing as a general merchant under the firm name df D. Houston cfe Son until 1867. Meanwhile, in 1862, he took part in the great civil conflict, and was present at Antietam under Col. John L. Wright in the Second Pennsylvania militia. Dissolving partnership with his father in 1867, Mr. Houston came to Lancaster, where he was ap- pointed Deputy Assessor in the Internal Revenue office under John B. Warfel. In 1868 he was a delegate from Lancaster County to the National Convention at Chicago, which nominated Grant and Colfax. In May of 1869 he resigned as Deputy, and engaged in the manufacture of corks PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPinCAL RECORD. 239 as a member of the Concstoga Cork Works Com- l):iny, liis partners being the late .lay Cadwell and Harris Uoardinan. In April, 1870, the concern was burned out, and his partnership in the business was dissolved. September 1, 1870, he embarked in the wholesale notion business, which he has since followed. At first he occupied a building 24xC6 feet, but gradually increased his quarters until he now occupies three times that space. The location of his establishment is at Nos. 24, 25 and 26 Pcnn Square. In the organization of the Helvetia Leather Company, Mr. Houston was a prime factor, and be- came President of the concern, which manufac- tures a machinery leather three times the strength of oak tanned leather. He was also one of the or- ganizers of the Houston Coal and Coke Company, of which he is President. The plant is located at Elkhorn, McDowell Count}-, W. Va., and the works have a capacity of five hundred thousand tons per annum. At Lancaster in 1H82, Mr. IIoust(>n was united in marriage with Miss Margaret A., daughter of Thomas C. Wiley, a boot and shoe merchant of this city. By this union one child was born, named Margaret Olive. Politically Mr. Houston became a Greenbacker in 1877. In 1886 he was the nom- inee of that parly for Governor of Pennsylvania, and received the full parly vote. The issues hav- ing since changed, however, he supported Henj.a- miu Harrison for President in 18'J2. He h.is oc- cupied various positions of trust within the gift of his fellow-citizens. In 1857 he was elected a mem- ber of the Board of Prison Inspectors, and served in that capacity until 1861. The following year he assisted in organizing the Union League of Salisbury Township, of which he was President during its existence. During the memorable elec- tion of 1886 for members of the British House of Commons, Mr. Houston assisted in organizing Branch No. 694 of the Irish National League of America at Lancaster, Pa., of w-hich he was elected President. This branch, with only thirty merabeis, sent more than ^2,000 to Ireland to aid in that struggle. After the division in the Irish ranks growing out of the Parnell scandal, this branch surrendered its charier and organized the James Stewart Branch of the Irish Federation of America, of which Mr. Houston was again made President. Mr. Houston's loyalty to his native land has never interfered with his devotion to the highest inter- ests of his adopted country. He has ever been ac- tive in the promotion of all enterprises calculated to advance the material, commercial and social welfare of the people. Especially- is he interested in the prosperity of Lancaster, which has no citi- zen more public spirited than he. He aided in or- ganizing the Board of Trade, and as long as it ex- isted was one of its most active members. His recognized business ability has won for him the regard of the people and the confidence of those with whom he has been intimately associated. eHAHLLS H. EKEV, who is intimately con- nected with the business interests of the enterprising city of Lancaster, is a whole- sale and retail dealer in boots and shoes, hence he very naturally finds a place in this connection. He was born in Lancaster County, April 1, 1862, the eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. Jacob L. Prey, and was reared in his native county, graduating from the high school in 1880, after which he superin- tended his father's farm. In 1882 he engaged in the leaf tobacco busiiie.vi, being associated with his father from the time of his partner's death. In December, 1885, our subject retired from tlie business and formed a partnership with William K. Eckert, under the firm name of Prey ik Eckert. Their boot and shoe business, which has been es- tablished for twenty years at Nos. 3 and 5 P^ast King Street, has a frontage of thirty-two feet, with a depih of one hundred and forty-five feet, and is four stories in height. The first fioor is stocked with boots and shoes, while the remainder of the building is rented. Large quantities of goods are bought direct from manufacturers. This is one of the best conducted boot and shoe houses in Laii- c.ister, and its success is due largely to the good business man.agcmcnt of our subject. The marriage of C. H. Frey and Miss Annie 240 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Remley took place in Lancaster in August, 1886. One child blesses Ibcir home, Edna M. Mr. Frey is an honored member of Herschel Lodge, I. O. O. F., and has been an active worker in the Young Men's Christian Association for twelve years, serving as its Treasurer for the past five years. lie is a consistent member of St. Paul's Re- formed Church, and politically is identified with the Prohibition party. The successful business career of Mr. Frey fur- nishes another example of what untiring indus- try will accomplish for a young man possessing good habits with a proper aim in life. Although scarcely yet in life's prime, he is in the possession of a lucrative business, is well connected socially, and financially ranks among the active business men of this city. i — ^b JOHN LIGHT ATLEE, M. D., LL. D. In every department of human activity Lancaster has contributed successful and eminent men, whose superior talents and researches have promoted the world's progress, whose abilities have won wide recognition and whose culture of mind has brought them the admiiation of many to whom they are personally unknown. Such an one was the late Dr. Atlee, than whom Lancaster has con- tributed no brighter light to adorn the galaxy of the medical world. It is, therefore, fitting that in this volume mention should be made of his event- ful career. The Atlee family is of English descent and dates its lineage back in an unbroken line prior to the time of Charles I., and many of the name filled po- sitions of honor and trust. Our subject's great- grandfather, William Atlee, of Fordhook House, in the parish of Acton, England, emigrated to this country in 1733 as Private Secretary to Lord Howe, Governor of the Barbadoes. His wife was a daugh- ter of an English clergyman, and a cousin of Will- iam Pitt. Dr. Atlee's grandfather, William Au- gustus Atlee, oldest son of William and Jane Atlee, was born in Philadelphia, and studying law in the office of Judge Shippen, was admitted to the Lan- caster Bar. He soon rose to eminence in the legal fraternity, and in 1777 became First Associate Judge of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, con- tinuing on that bench until August 17,4791. He was an ardent supporter of the Colonial cause, and after the establishment of our independence, was appointed, August 17, 1791, President Judge of the First District Court, which embraced in its jurisdiction the counties of Chester, Lancaster, York and Dauphin. While filling that position he fell a victim to bilious fever. William Pitt, son of Judge Willian A. and Es- ther (Sayre) Atlee, married a daughter of Maj. John Light, and of the six children resulting from this union, the subject of this sketch was the eldest. He was born in the city of Lancaster November 2, 1799, and in boyhood was a student of the then famous academy of Wray & Urley, in Philadel- phia. He commenced his medical studies in 1815 in the office of Dr. Samuel Humes, of Lancaster, and two years later entered the medical department of the Universit}- of Pennsylvania, graduating from that institution in 1820 with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. After graduating he returned to the city of his birth and commenced the prac- tice of his profession. March 12, 1822, Dr. Atlee married Sarah H., daughter of Hon. Walter Franklin, an eminent jurist, who for many years served as President Judge of the courts of Lancaster and York Coun- ties. Mrs. Atlee was a woman of amiable disposi- tion and cultured mind, and adorned every relation of life with dignity and grace. Fifty-eight years she was her husband's faithful helpmate, and then was called from earth at an advanced age. Her survivijig children are: Dr. Walter F. Atlee, the well known surgeon of Philadelphia and honored Fellow of the College of Physicians; William Au- gustus, an influential member of the Lancaster Bar, and Miss Anne Franklin Atlee. A third son, Dr. John L., Jr., a physician who stood high in every relation in life, died in 1885. From the time of graduating in 1820 until within a few days of his death. Dr. Atlee was act- ively engaged in the duties of his profession. A few months before his decease he had an attack of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDi 241 facial paralysis, but the direct cause of liis death was an attack of pnomuoiiia, and on tiie afternoon of October 1, 1885, after an eventful career of nearly eighty-six years, he passed away. Tiie services rendered by Dr. Atlee in educa- tional matters were nf the highest vahie. In 1838 the State Lc<;j.--latur(- created the system of free scliool education, but when the efTc>rt was made to carry this .system into practical operation it met with formidable opposition, es|)ecially among the Germans, who formed a large element of llie p^>-« , » ■ fc,|,,t,x » ■ • t. -j Wfr • , ., t t t I I xxAili'V^ V^i.. Illlllllllll ^V|^ I lllllllllll _A^ HKNRY ROIIRKR, the genial proprietor of the William Penn Hotel, is a liberal minded and accommodating gentleman, and a jjopular resident of Lancaster. lie is a na- tive of this city and was born November 12, 1853, to Cluislian R(.)hrer, a native of Switzerland, his birth occurring in the canton of Argau. The father of our subject w.as a shoemaker by trade and made the trip alone to this country when a young man, locating in Lancaster, where he was engaged at his trade until his decease, at the age of forty-nine years. lie was a devoted member of the Catholic Church. His wife, whom he married in the Keystone State, bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Hunsicker, and at the time of her union with him was the widow of Matthew Wiinch. She was likewise born across the water, in Switzerland, where her first husband died. She came to the LTnited States with her family' of four children and located in Lancaster, where she met and married Christian Holirer. .She is still living, having passed her seventy-eighth birthday List November. Her eldest son by her first marriage, Joseph Wunch, was killed at the second battle of Bull Run during the late war; Elizabeth married 8 Philip Weber; John, who was also a soldier in the Civil War, served through the entire period and is now living in this city and carrying on a good business as a cigar manufacturer; Mary, the second daughter, is deceased. Tlie union of Christian and Elizabeth Rohrer was blessed by the birth of a son, Henry, of this sketch. lie was reared in this city and educated in St. Joseph's parochial school. When a lad of sixteen years he was apprenticed to learn the printer's trade in the oflice of the Volksfreund, where he remained until eighteen months after reaching his majority. In 1877 our subject became bartender for a Mr. Rieker, by whom he was employed two 3'ears, and then purchased the Centennial saloon, on the corner of Mulbcrrj- and Strawberrj- Streets. This he disposed of in 1884 and became the proprietor of Excelsior Hall, which he conducted for a year, and then selling it launched out in his present en- terprise, that of a hotel keeper. The house had been the property of his mother-in-law, Mrs. Mar- garet Gerz, who operated it four years prior to dis- posing of it to our subject. It is pleasantly located at Nos. 429 and 431 Mulberry Street, and is first class in its appointments. The original of this sketch was married Septem- ber 16. lK7r), to Miss Mary Dorwort, a native of this city, born February 25, 1885. Mrs. Rohrer and her brother Frederick (now deceased) were born to the union of A. Frederick and Margaret (Clavow) Dorwort. After the death of Mr. Dor- wort, his widow married Capt. Alexander J. Gerz, b}' whom she became the mother of four sons, Alexander H., John J., William H. and Frank J. Captain Gerz died in 1876, and his widow now makes her home at No. 433 Mulberry Street. To our subject and his wife were born seven children, Margaret Elizabeth, JIary Elizabeth, Charles Henry, Mary Catherine, Catherine Cecelia, Henry Jacob and Andrew. Mary Catherine, Henry and Andrew are deceased. Mr. Rohrer w.as candidate on the Democratic ticket in 1891 for Councilman of his ward, but the district being strongly Republiciin, he w.is de- feated by three votes. Religiously lie is a devoted member of St. Joseph's Catholic Church, in the faitU 246 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. of which he has reared his children. He belongs to St. Joseph's and St. Michael's societies, also the Gruetlie Verein,_a Swiss organization, of which he has been President for five years, and of which his father was a charter meniber and Vice-President. He also belongs to the Maennerchor, the Turners, and the Schiller and Fulton societies. i****!- ^♦•5*'!*'5*F REV. Wm. F. LICHLITER, Pastor of St. Luke's Reformed Church, of Lancaster. In its organization and growth the his- tory of this church is both interesting and unex- ampled. In cities, missions usuall}' begin by a number of members going out from an established church to organize a new church; but this was not the case in the history of St. Luke's. Beginning in the autumn of 1874 with a Sunda3--school of forty-two children, organized and carried forward in a public school building bj' the efforts of stu- dents of the 'Iheological Seminar}^; and in the latter part of .January, 1879, as an organized church, consisting of nine communicant members who had become interested in or through tiie Sun- day-school, it was necessarily a work that required great faith and unwearied devotion, but the re- sults of the fifteen years' labor more than justify the attempt. When tlie fifteenth anniversary was celebrated, Februai y 4, 1894, the report rendered showed that three hundred and twenty-eight mem- bers had been received into the church, of whom two hundred and five were then enrolled; also that the Sunday-school numbered four hundred and forty scholars, with thirty-three teaciiers and seven officers. In 1871 the seed was sown that resulted some years afterward in the organization of the church. The Theological Seminary, which since 1837 had been located at Mercersburg, Pa., was then re- moved to Lancaster. On January 13 following, the students in the "Societj- of Inquiry" debated this question: "Should the Theological Seminary establish a mission in Lancaster?" On the merits of the question the society voted unanimously in the affirmative, and then appointed a Committee to confer with the faculty in regard to the feasi- bility of establishing a Mission Sunday-school. Of this project the faculty heartily approved. The "Society of Inquiry" appointed a Commit- tee to have chai-ge of the work of preparing for the organization of the Mission Sunday-school. The plan was to start the mission under the care of the First Church, but after waiting for two j-ears, it was found that nothing could be done in this wa3'. The society then authorized its Com- mittee to ask authority from the consistory of St. Stephen's (the College) Church. This was done and the Committee authorized to go forward with the work of organizing the Sund.av-school. At this time the Committee consisted of the students: Wm. F. Lichiiter, J. Calvin Bowman and Zwingli A. Yeasick. A public school building was secured in tlie southwestern section of the city. With the assistance of an auxiliary committee of six stu- dents, a house to house canvass for scholars was instituted, and on November 15, 1874, the Sun- day-school was organized with forty-two scholars, fourteen teachers (seven ladies, seven gentlemen) and four officers. It was then known as St. Steph- en 's Mission Sunday-school. The officers elected were all seminary students, as follows: Wm. F. Lichiiter, Superintendent; G. D. Gurley, Assistant Superintendent; Z. A. Yeasick, Secretary; and G. AV. Roth, Librarian. The number enrolled gradually increased until it reached about one hundred and twenly-fivc, and the school continued at this until it was privileged to enter the new church building on Marietta Avenue in 1880. The teachers felt that to secure permanent re- sults from their work, it was necessar3' that there should be an organized church in connection with tlie mission, and in 1878 brought this fact to the attention of the consistory of St. Stephen's Church. The consistory recommended that Rev. J. F. Wiant, then residing in the city, be elected Superintend- ent of the Sunday-school, and that a canvass be made to ascertain how many persons interested in the work were willing to organize a church. This was done, and nine persons, including the pastor's wife, were found who were ready to organize a church. In the latter part of January, 1879, the PORTRAIT AND BlOGR^.i'kl; JAL RECORD. 247 organization was effected, tlie nine inembere being Mi-s. Mary Wiant, Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Suler, Ja- cob Hoinherger, J. Kudolpb Suter, .1. Frederick Siiter, B. V. ISausnian, 5Irs. Sennett Miller, Mrs. Catharine Misclilich and Philip Misehlich. The name ehosen for tlic organization was St. Luke's Reformed Church. A church building was a necessity, and the work was prosecuted as rapidly as possible. Octo- ber 26, 1879, the cornerstone was laid, and on February 6, 1880, the church was dedicated witli appropriate services. The building was 30x50 feet, and cost * 1,800, the furniture costing *300 more. The Rev. Mr. Wiant having acce|)ted a call to the jiastoratc of the lieaver Charge, Clarion County, I'a., tendered his resignation March 14, 1880, and on March 21 the present pastor, who had been instrumental in starting the mission, was chosen, and the call to him confirmed by the Board of Missions. Accepting the call, he entered upon the work of the pastorate May 30. So rapidl}-, did the Sund.iv-.-chool increase, that the building was not large enough for efficient work, nor to accommodate the congregation at special services, and in 1884 a movement was commenced for the enlargement o^ the edifice. It was, however, four years later before conditions were favorable enough to warrant the erection of ;ui addition to the building. On Thanksgiving Day, November 29, 1888, the completed building was consecrated. The cost of the ground and im- provements to the building was $3,925, which amount was contributed in large part by the friends of the church, irrespective of denomina- tion. In connection with the church are the fol- lowing societies: Willing Workers' Aid Society, Guild of Faithful Helpers, Missionary Societv, Guild of St. Mark, Choral Class, and St. Andrew's and St. Mark's Sunday-school, in addition to the home Sunday-school. The popular pastor of this church, to whose self- sacrificing labors the success of the w^ork is largely due, was born in Woodstock, Va., and is a son of Conrad and Elizabeth Jane (Dinges) Lichliter, also natives of the Old Dominion. The paternal grandfather, Adam Lichliter, was born in Virginia, and enlisting for service in the War of 1812, went U> the front, but never returned home. The fam- ily was first represented in America about one hun- ilred and sixty years ago, when some of that name settled near Philadelphia, Pa., but later removing to Virginia, settled in Shenandoah County, in the vicinity of Woodstock. Our subject's maternal grandfather, Frederick Dinges, was a Virginian, :ind a descendant of German ancestors, who emi- grated to America about the same time as did the Lichliters. learning the merchant tailoring trade, Conrad Lichliter followed that business for many j'ears, but is now living in retirement from active work. An original I'nion man on the breaking out of the war, when the Rebellion was ended he became a Rej)ublican in politics, and w.is appointed Post- master of Woodstock under President Johnson's administration, and was Deputy Collector of In- ternal Revenue during President Grant's admin- istration, under Col. E. White. His wife died Feb- ruary 1, 1891. They had four children. Of these our subject is the eldest. The others are, J. II., an attorney at Washington, D. C; D. C, a prac- ticing physician of Dayton, Ohio; and Sarah Eliza- iK-tli, wife of the Rev. George A. AVhitmore, of Frederick County, Md. The subject of this sketch spent the years of his Ixtyhood in Woodstock. When the Rebellion broke out he was attending the academy in that town, but on the day following the passage of the ordinance of secession, when the volunteer military company left to aid in seizing the Government armory at Harper's Ferry, the school was closed. In 18G3, with three other refugees, he left home, and passing through the mountains, after two nights and three days entered the Union lines at Winchester. Thence he went to AVashington, D. C, and soon afterward entered the employ of the Government as a journeyman carpenter, working at building soldiers' barracks and corrals. It was while in this service, and at the time of the battle of Gettysburg, that the employes of his depart- ment were called on to do guard duty around Washington in order to relieve the soldiers. For two days therefore he carried a Government rifle, and for one day stood guard at the prison in Georgetown, D. C, Six months later he went to 248 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Chambersburg and entered the academy, where he carried on liis studies for two months. lie was then offered the situation of salesman in the dry- goods store of J. Hoke & Co., Chambersburg, which he accepted, and was in their employ until July, 1864, when the city was burned by the Confed- erates. Through the kindness of friends, he was now offered a situation with Cree Bros., Pittsburg, Pa., and continued with thein until 1866, when he began to studj^ for the ministry. Entering the Preparatory Department of Mer- cersburg College, Mercersburg, Pa., Mr. Lichliter continued in that institution from February 22, 1866, until 1872, when he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Later the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him bj- the same college. In 1875 he was graduated from the Theological Seminary at Lancaster, and on August 1 of the same year was ordained to the ministry, becoming pastor of St. John's Church, at W3'om- ing, Del. The following 3'ear he accepted a call to the First Reformed Church of Allegheny, Pa., remaining there until the year 1878. He was then Principal for one year of Harmony Collegiate In- stitute, Harmony, Pa. His next pastorate was that of St. Luke's Reformed Cluirch, in which capacit}' he has since served with efficiency and success. He is a man of superior ability, keen intellect, excel- lent judgment and a wide range of information in history, theology and literature. For his chosen profession both nature and training have admir- ably adapted him, and he well deserves his wide popularity. ■ ' ^^^^ P • T PARKE GUTHRH:, one of the leading grocers of Lancaster, has been a resident of the city since April 26, 1876; he was born at Guthrieville, Chester County, Pa., October 12, 1862, the son of Joseph Guthrie and his wife. Grandfather Guthrie built the first house in Guth- rieville, and it was he who platted the town and it was named after him. Our subject's father was a farmer near Guthrieville, where he owned one hundred and sixty-two acres. He was a Deacon in the Baptist Church and died at the age of sixty- one years, in 1863. Our subject's mother's maiden name was Mar- garet Wilson; she was born at Comi)assville, and died at the age of forty-one years, after which our subject's father married again. T. Parke Guthrie was one of a family of eleven children, and three sons of this family wore the loyal blue during the Civil War. They are, Willmer, in the employ of the Pullman Car Company, at Wilmington, Del.; Howard, residing at Blue Rock, Chester County, Pa.; our subject, T. Parke; Elizabeth, Mrs. Samuel Moore, of Philadelphia; Sadie, l\Irs. W. H. Murray, of Peoria, 111.; John, who was a bugler in the Eleventh Pennsylvania Cavalry; Levi, who died prior to the Civil War, and William, who died in Chattanooga, Tenn. The subject of this notice was reared amidst rural scenes, and obtained his education at the common schools, passing his youth as most of the Pennsylvania boys did. At the age of eleven years his father died and he was thrown upon his own resources. The first year he worked upon a farm and then went to Coatesville, in the employ of the merchant tailoring firm of Wright & Morgan as an errand boy. He remained there one year, and then clerked in a grocery store, for Lewis G. Jeffries; after two years he worked for John E. Stout, an- other grocer, for whom he clerked one year, and then went with a brother-in-law, Samuel Moore, who conducted a clothing and sewing machine busi- ness; after two years he became a salesman at No. 810 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, but after a few months went to German town, where he took charge of a branch store, which be operated until the failure of J. Cooke in 1873. He then entered the employ of the Singer Sewing Machine Company, and opened an office for them in German town; he managed their business for them until June 8, 1880, at which time he came to Lancaster, having lived in this city two years before, while in the emploj' of the Singer Manufacturing Company. September 18, 1879, marked a new era in this young man's life, for it w.as in that beautiful au- tumn month that he was united in marriage to Lizzie B. Best, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPIUCAL RECORD. 249 Best. Mr. and Mrs. Guthrie have one child, Anna M. The companj- wanted to send him to other cities to do |neliniln:iry work, so in .June, 1880, he boiiglit out .John L. Melzer, a grocer on the corner of Lime and Chestnut Streets, where he has since conducted a good grocery trade. His residence is at No. 327 Nortli Lime Street, lie isastockiiolder in the Medianics' Building it Loan Association of Lancaster, also in the C'onestoga Bank. Of his domestic and social life, it may he said that he a member of Monterey Lodge No. 2-12, L O. O. F.; Kidgcly Kncanipuient, and Lodge No. 68, K. of P. lie is also a member of the Royal Ar- canum and a past olticer in the Ancient Order of United Workmen. Politically, our subject is a stanch Republican, and is a member of the Presby- terian Church. WILLIAM K. .M.VHTIN, Secretary and Treasurer of the Henry Martin Brick Machine Manuf.actunng Company-, was born in L.«incaster August 26, 1870. His father was Henry .Martin. William R. is the eldest of the second marriage of his father, and he was reared in Lancaster.wherc he received a good education in the common and higli schools and w:us graduated from Lancaster Business College in 1886. He engaged in business with his father in the manufacture of brick-making machinery, which coiicerii was incor- |)Orated in 1887, and William R. made Secretar}- and Treasurer. He is, also engaged in the real- estate business and platted William R. Martin's addition to Lancaster on the old Morton property, where he has erected eiglit houses and other build- ings. He laid out and named Highland Avenue, an extension of South Queen Street, and deeded it to the city. His own residence is No. 653 West Cliestnut Street. Like most sensible young men, our subject early in life chose a worthy companion in the person of Miss Catherine R. Fahenstock, a native of Lancas- ter, to whom he was married February 2, 1892. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harry R. Fahenstock, of Lanc.ister. By this marriage one cluld, Richard F., has come to bless their home. In his political afliliations our subject is a Re- publican, and in religious matters is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church, while his wife is a mem- ber of St. James' Episcopal Church. Mr. Martin is a member of the Royal Arcanum. That the reader may form a comprehensive idea of the character of the machine manufactured by the Henry Martin Brick Machine Manufacturing Company the sub- joined is given: "In speaking of the great inventions of the day that have done the most to revolutionize the old process of hard labor and proved of the greatest real good to civilization, the machine for manu- facturing brick deserves more comment than is usually bestowed \\[>nn it. "The Martin Machines have justly a reputation through the United States and Canada, and have gone into great concerns all over the different states and territories. "In Rocliester, N. Y., the Rochester German Brick and Tile Company use six; while the Roches- ter Brick and Tile Company employ nine. In Buf- falo, Messi-s. Brush have thirteen Martin Machines in use in their yards; Louis Kirkover, of the same place, has five; G. W. .Schmidt luos four; F. W. llaake, three; Henry Deitschler, three. In Pitts- burg there are seventy-eight firms who are using the .Martin Machine. This is a great showing in a single city, especially when it is remembered that all of them are leading concerns and must have a reliable machine. Other companies in scores of important towns, to whom reference cannot here be made, have several Martin Machines in use in their yards, many having replaced those of other makes. '•The simplicity and great strength of these ma- chines make them particularly desirable for the export trade. At Bangkok, Siam; Dundee, New Zealand; Finland, Russia, Sagua la Chica, Cuba; Valparaiso, Chili, and many other foreign points, the Martin Machines are giving entire satisfaction. "Its inventor is a practical man. He is an En- glishman by birth and started in life with limited 250 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. means and little influence from friends. He learned the brick-making business and carpenter's trade in the Old Country, and by private study at odd times in the city of Liverpool became in time an expert in mechanical drawing and architecture. "lu England he was connected with some of the largest brick-making concerns of that country and became familiar with ever}' detail of the business. "Since 1858 these machines have been tested all over the United States and Canada; many recent patented improvements having added greatly to the value and eflicieiicy of the machine. "It is perfectly automatic and self-striking. Its strengtli and durability are its two princi|)al points. Its output is always very large and it acquits itself with credit under trying circumstances with any kind of clay that can be worked by hand. "All parts being well fortified, it allows tiie brick to be molded unusually stiff. The in;icliine taken in all its parts is as near perfect as human ingenuity can make it. "It will fill out each mold and turn out good brick, with square corners and well defined edges, and if suitable molding sand is used, with smooth faces." :^#C^ JOHN E. BRENNER, one of the practical farm- ers of Manor Township, is the proprietor of a good farm comprising thirty-thi-ee acres, and also owns the Willow Grove Flouring Mill, which is located on the banks of the Little Conestoga River. Almost his entire life has been passed in this township, in which his birth occurred, jand thus for a period of about seventy years his home has been made in this immediate vicinity. The Brenner family have long been noted in Lancaster County, and our subject's great-grand- father, who located here in the last century, came from his native country, Switzerland, on account of religious intolerance. His son, Christopher, the grandfather of our subject, was a blacksmith, which occupation he followed actively during the most of his life, but in later years operated a farm near Safe Harbor, and died at the old homestead. He was an old line Whig, and in religion was a Luth- eran. He married a Miss Fry, by whom he had a family of eight children, namely: Adam, Christo- pher, .John, .Jacob, Margaret, Elizabeth, Polly and George. Jacob, the father of our subject, was born in Indiantown, Manor Township. In his boyhood he learned the miller's trade, and became also fa- miliar with agricultural pursuits. His death oc- curred on his farm, which he had carried on for many years, its location being in Manor Township near Groff's Mill. Politically Mr. Brenner was a Whig, and like his ancestors held to the faith of the Lutheran Church. On attaining to man's estate he wedded Susan Eslibach, by whom he had twelve children, in order of birth as follows: Adam, John, Nancy, Susan, Jacob, Cliristian, Abram (deceased), Mattie, Elizabeth,,Fannie, Katie and David. The father dei)arted this life in 186U, aged sixty-nine years, while his wife died in 1867. John E. Brenner was born October 2, 1818, at Mellingers Mill in this township, and received his early education in the district schools of the hjcal- ity and in MillersviUc. He remained with his fa- ther on the farm, lending his assistance to its cul- tivation until he was twenty-four years of age. He was then married and began farming on his own ac- count in the same township, and in 1873 removed to his present location. He is a thorough and prac- tical agriculturist, and is also a business man of good ability. Ever active in educational affairs, he has used his inlluence and means in the acquire- ment of good schools and teachers, and served for three terms as a School Director. An active Re- publican, he served as Supervisor of this township for one term, was one of the Poor House Directors of the county, atone time was on the United States Jury at Philadelphia, and has filled minor positions with fidelity and credit to himself. December 11, 1843, Mv. Brenner was united in marriage with Mary, daughter of Christian Kill- heifer. Of this union uine children were born, as follows: Levi, who operates his father's mill; Henry, also at home; John, who is engaged in the nursery business; Benjamin, a resident of Columbia; David; Amanda, wife of Abner Miller; Susan, wife of Will- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 251 iam Dietrich, wiio is employed in the United States Mint ill Phihulolphiii; Klizahelh, who became the wife of William Spera. now Superintendent of the Columbia Gray Iron Works, and Ezra, who lives in Millersville, and who is Tax Collector of Manor Township. Mr. anil Mrs. Hrenner are niemlicrs of the Mennonite Church, in the work of which they are interested and active, and durinj: the long years of their residence in this community thev have won the approbation of their friends and neigliboi-s for their industrious and worthy course in life. F^RANKLlNSUTrON.an lionored resident '^ of Lancaster, is a native of this county, and the work that he has done toward de- veloping its interests gives him a worthy place aniouir the true-hearted, hard-working men who laid the foundation for the present prosperity of this portion of the state. He is the son of Joel and Margaret (Lovell) Suttttn, and w.is horn in Fulton Township, January l.'>, 182G. The paternal grandfather of our subject lived in Cecil County, Md., and was descended from one of three brothers who came to this country from Scotland, of whom it is thought one located in Canada. The grandfather passed his entire life in the above county, and his only child was Joel, the father of our subject. He was born in Cecil Coun- ty, where he obtained a good education and de- veloped into an intelligent young man. His oc- cupation in life was that of a miller, which he fol- lowed after removing to Fulton Township, this county. Later he took up his abode on a tract of one hundred and sixty acres of land in Coleraiii Township, and while superintending its operation carried on a good business as proprietor of Steels Mill. In politics he was first a Whig and after the formation of the Republican party joined its ranks. He was the recipient of many local jjosi- tions, and was ever true to the responsibilities and duties imposed upon him in various capacities. He was for many years a nvember of the Baptist Church. The parentiil family included eleven children, of whom Franklin was the eldest but one. His brothers and sisters bore the respective names of .lames L., Louisa, Edwin, Joel, Anna, William L., George K., Walter, Orlando and Sarah. The two latter are deceased. The father of these children passed aw.ny in 1863, at the age of sixt3-nine. His good wife survived him many years, dj'ing when in her eighty-lifth year. The original of this sketch received his educa- tion in the public and select schools of Lancaster, and at the ago of nineteen entered the employ of his father, with whom he remained until after at- taining his majority. He then began clerking in a store in the county, holding that position for two and one-half years. At the expiration of that time he assumed charge of his father's mill in Colerain Township, and two years thereafter em- barked in life on his own account, buying a store at Oak Shade, in Little Britain Township, whither he removed and took charge of affairs. While residing in the above place our subject was postmaster for three years. Later he purchased a farm and mill pro|)crt3', both of which he carried on with signal success until 18C2, when he sold his farm and removed into the city of Lancaster. Before removing to Lancaster, Franklin Sutton was appointed Inspector of Distilled Spirits and Coal Oil, which otiice he held for four years under Alex- ander Hood, who was Inspector of Internal Rev- enue. His term of office having expired, our sub- ject, in companj- with John Shaeffer, engaged in the planing mill business and the manufacture of agri- cultural implements, and some time later, with other parties, prospected for iron ore in Lancaster County. In politics he is a true blue Republican. He is an official member of the Bai)tist Church, be- ing Trustee and Deacon for a number of years. October 21, 1851, Franklin Sutton was united in marriage witii Miss Mary M. Long, daughter of John Long, a farmer and manufacturer of cycles in Drumore Township. To them have been born three children. Ella, who is the- wife of Dr. E. H. AVitiner, resides in Xeffsville, this county; John L. is at home with his parents, and has charge of 252 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD, the wall paper department of the J. B. Martin Company; Hattie S. married Pans Erb, a pattern- maker and machinist. Dr. James L. Sutton, the eldest brother of our subject, is a graduate of . the .Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, also the Ilahnemann Homeopathic College of Philadelphia. He served as a surgeon in the late war and died while in the army from typhoid fever. William L., another of the family, was clerk in the Reformatory' School at Huntingdon, and has served for many 3'cars in that capacit}' in the various departments of the court house in this city. He is a very popular man, and was Deputy Sheriff several years ago. JAMES H. MARSHALL, formerly Postmaster, and at the present time Assistant Postmaster of Lancaster, has been in this department of Government work ever since 1867, witli the exception of the four years of President Cleve- land's first term. He is one of the most honored citizens of this place, where he is well known and very popular in all circles. As one of the boys in blue who marched from Chattanooga to the sea and did valiant service in upholding the Union cause, it is surely most fitting that the Govern- ment which he so bravely defended should in a public manner manifest their appreciation of his services, as they have done in giving him his im- portant position. James H. is the son of William Marshall, who was born in Lancaster in 1810, and was a promi- nent shoe manufacturer for manj' years in this city. His death occurred in 1881, while that of his wife took place in 1893. The latter, who was also born in Lancaster, bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Sowers and was the daughter of Henry Sowers; she was of German descent and was born in 1812. The paternal grandfather of our subject, who was born in the nortliern part of Ireland, emigrated to this county at a very early day, and his descendants have since been well known in this locality. The birth of James H. Marshall took place in Lancaster September 12, 1838. He received a public school education and was also a student in the private school of St. James' Episcopal Church. When seventeen j^ears of age he was apprenticed to learn the printer's trade in the office of the Lan- caster Examiner and Herald, where he remained for four years. For the next year he resided in Ilnr- risburg, being a pressman in the ofifiee of the Daily Patriot of that place. In 1859, going to Nashville, Tenn., he obtained employment in the Baptist Publishing house for a time. Coming back to this city, he was foreman in the Examinei- and Herald office until the fall of 1861. October 5 of that year he enlisted in Company K, Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Infantiy, and was assigned to tlie Army of the Cumberland. On the expiration of his three years' service he veteranized and con- tinued until the close of the war, fighting on south- ern battlefields. With his regiment he took part in the engagements of Perr^'ville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Missionary Ridge, went with Sherman on his march through (Jeorgia to the sea, and was appointed Commissary Ser- geant February 12, 1862. January 20, 1865, he was commissioned First Lieutenant by Governor Curtin, and at the same time was Quartermaster of the regiment. After the march to Atlanta, he participated in the engagements of Goldsboro and Benton ville. After Joiinston's surrender he went to Washington, where he took part in the Grand Review, and was mustered out in July, 1865. For a few years after iiis return to this state, Mr. Marshall worked at his trade in Coatesville, and was then appointed United States Deputy Marshal in Lancaster. Subsequently for eight j'ears he served in the postofflce department, and was one of the first letter carriers in the citv. January 26, 1876, he was appointed Postmaster, and was re-appointed in 1881, serving until August 10, 1885, when he was removed on account of the change in the administration. He next received the appointment of Financial Clerk of the Soldiers' Orphans Schools at Harrisburg, from State Super- intendent of Public Instruction, Dr. E. E. Higbee JOHN G. FORSTBURG. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 255 This post he held until resigning to accept the place of Assistant Postmaster undei- Maj. Elwood (ireist.of Jjini'aster. When he became an eniploN-e of the postal service in 1807 there were only eight employes in the postolHce. including the Postmas- ter, delivei'v, money order and registry clerks, and the four letter carriers. Now there are over thirty men employed in the various departments, and in 1891 the postollice was assigned to the first class. May 26, 18t!3, while at home on a furlough, Mr. Marshall manii-d Catherine W. MeCaskev, who was horn in l.eacuck Township. She is a daughter of William and sister of I'lof. .1. 1'. MeCaskey, whose sketch a|)pears elsewhere in this work. Mr. and Mrs. Marshall have had six children, Maggie, who died at the age of seventeen years; William L.. a graduate of the high school now holding a prominent position in the Farmei-s" National Hank of this place; liertha, Harry H., Maud and lilanche. The family residence is situated at No. 20 Kast Walnut .Street. Religiously Mr. Marshall is an Episcopalian and a Vestryman in the St. .lames' Church. He belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. iV A. M.; to Lancas- ter Chapter No. 43, R.A. M., and is identified with George H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. JOHN G. 1-OR.STBURG. Superintendent of the Stflr Brewery of Lancaster, is a practical and successful man in this trade, and the company with which he now is may con- sider itself fortunate in having secured his services, for he IS unanimously conceded to be foremost in his line in the county! A man of more than usual intelligence, he is a chemist and an inventor. In partnership with Mr. Burkland, he patented an ammonia valve for ice machines wliich is of great pr.aclical value and destined to make a fortune for the ownei-s. The subject of this biography is a native of Sweden, having been born in Christinehornn, Vermland, April 12, 1857. His father, Johan, was born in the same locality and was superintendent of a large farm, where he rosided until his death in 18T0. He was a faithful member of the Luth- eran Church and worthy and upright in his dail}' life. His wife, Maria M. (Carlson) Eorslburg, was born in Chrlstiiifhoriin, and her death occurred in the 3-ear of our subject's birth. Her only other child who lived to mature years, Carl F., is a ma- chinist in Sweden. .b)lin (i. Foi-stburg was reared on the home farm, attending the o<^>minon schools of his native land and there acijuiring a good general education. After his father's death he went toSundsvall and at the !ige or sixteen was apprenticed to a brewer, becoming thorougly conversant with all the details of the business and giving much of his attention to the study of chemistry and kindred subjects. In 1877, going to Hull, England, he pursued a coui-se of training in nn extensive brewery, after which he returned to his former j)lace. In 1879 Mr. Forstburg set sail for America, go- ing by way of Hull and (Glasgow, and arriving in New Y(n-k City on the steamer "Slate of Nevada." For a short time he worked in Heralds Brewery in Hartford, Conn., thence going to Buffalo. After- ward he was employed for a time in the large Ruperts Brewery in New York City. Receiving fine recommendations from his former employers, he went to Baltimore, Md., becoming foreman of the Standard Brewery, and .acted in that capacity for three years. It was in Jul}-, 1888, that he came to this city, being .Superintendent of Spon- ger's Brewer}' for about three years. In 1891 he was offered a similar position with the Star Brew- ing Company, and in 1893 superintended the erec- tion and equipment of this establishment, which is known to be the finest of the kind in the state, and furnished with all modern appliances and ma- chinery used in the trade. The Star Brewery manuf.ictures the celebrated Pilsener and A'ienna beer and can turn out about forty thousand bar- rels per annum. On account of the superior qual- ity of their goods the products find a ready sale iu all parts of the surrounding counties, and the business is steadily increasing. In 1884 Mr. F'orstburg was married in New York 256 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. City to Miss Pliilipene Weber, a native of Sweib- nggen, Rlieiiifolz. The wortliy couple occupy a well built home on Pearl Street and also own the four adjoining residences. They have an interest- ing family of three children, John, Lillie and Gus- tav. Mr. and Mrs. Forstburg are faithful mem- bers of the Lutheran Church of this city. The former is a Democrat and socially belongs to Mat- toraow Tribe No. 63 Order of Red Men. i>-*-<^=^-^- MAJ. JEREMIAH ROHRER is the largest wholesale liquor merchant in Lancaster, in which business he has been engaged since 1864. A veteran of the late war, he arose to the rank of Major through merit and valiant ser- vice, holding that commission in the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. Ma- jor Rohrer has served a number of times in official capacities and in public affairs and each time ac- quitted himself greatly to his own credltand to the satisfaction of those concerned. Our subject was born in Lebanon, Pa., May 9, 1827, coming from one of the old families of Leb- anon County, his ancestors having located in Lan- caster County on coming from Switzerland. The paternal grandfather, John Rohrer, was in the War of the Revolution and endured the terrible sufferings of Valley Forge, being First Lieutenant of the Flying Battalion. He was a locksmith by trade and was an early settler of Lebanon County. Our subject's father, David Rohrer, was also born in Lebanon County, which was tlien known as Dauphin, and, like his father, he was in earl\- years a locksmith, but in later years engaged in manu- facturing grain sickles. Removing to Mirtdletown, he worked at this business until his death, at the age of forty-two. The mother of our subject, who was born near Middletown, was Mary, daughter of John J. Par- themore. Her paternal grandfather came to the United States from a village near Hamburg in Hesse-Darmstadt, and he was an active member of the German Reformed Church. The latter, John Frederick, landed in Philadelphia October 20, 1744, and located in what is now Dauphin County, where his death occurred. His son, John Philip, who was born in German}', became a farmer in l)au|)liin County, in the vicinity of Middletown, and John J., his son, also followed agricultural pursuits in the same neighborhood. Mrs. Rohrer after the death of her first husband, David Rohrer, in 1843, married John Parthemore, b}- whom she had one child. Her death occurred March 24, 1848. The Major is the second of the children of the first union. His eldest brother, Jacob L., died at the age of one year; Elizabeth died in Springfield, Ohio; Absalom S. and Jacob both died in child- hood; and George F. is a resident of Ilarrisburg. In his youth Major Rohrer learned the carpen- ter's trade, and afterward worked at contracting and building. He was then a manufacturer of sash, doors and blinds in Middletown for about two months, when he was .burned out; afterward he rebuilt and continued the business for live years, later next engaging in fruit farming. In August, 1862, he became a member of the One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Peuns}'! van ia Infan- try, being under Colonel Jennings. Major Rohrer recruited Company H, Susquehanna Rangers, at Middletown, in three days and was made Captain of the company. When it was mustered in at Harrisburg August 12, he was commissioned Jlajor of the regiment and placed in the Second Divi- sion of the Army of the Potomac. At the bat- tle of Fredericksburg this regiment was one of the first to cross the river, and they lost two hundred and forty-two of their enrolled men during the battle. The next engagement in which they par- ticipated was the battle of Chancellorsville and skirmishes near Fredericksburg that followed. The Major was on dut}- night and d.iy for a long time, and though he had many narrow escapes, was for- tunate in never being wounded. After his faith- ful service he was mustered out at Ilarrisburg, Maj' 29, 1863. In the spring of 1864 our subject came to Lan- caster and for the succeeding thirteen years has been located at No. 22 Penn Square, in the whole- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPWCAL RECORD. 257 sale liquor business. In this building he occupies the four floors and basement, the lii-st floor l>eing used for the retail business. The bnildiiij^ is .sup- plied with an elevator, and everythiiiii in the line of his business may here In; found. Ilis Wild Cherry Tonic has a wide reputation for excell- ence. Our subject is interested in the Lancaster Trust Company, the People's National and the People's Trust Savinj; and Deposit Companies ISanks. In the fall of 1872 he was elected Register of Wills of Lancaster County, serving until .lanuary, 187G. Prior to this he was for three years an Inspector of Prisons and was President of the lioard during the last year, lie suggested and invented the iron-clad cells in use in the jjrisons and many other improvements of a practical nature. For the past ten years he has been Trustee of the Home for Friendless Children. In Masonic and social cir- cles he is very active, being a member of I^)dgc No. 43, F. A- A. M., and has raised four of his sons in about three years to the .M.asler Mason's de- gree. A Royal Arch Mason, he Itelongs to Chapter No. 43, to Council No. 19, and to Commaridery No. 13, K. T.. of which he is Past Commander. Formerly he was associated with the Odd Fellows, the Senior Order of United American Meelianics and the Knights of Pythias, being a charier mem- ber of the lodge. As a member of the Royal Ar- canum he is !\ctive, as well as with the George H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. In politics he de- posits his ballot in favor of Republican nominees. Major Rohrer was married in Klizabelhtown, Lancaster County. March 24, 1853, to Mar\- A., daughter of George Redsccker. an early seltlerand miller on the Conewago Creek, the dividing line between Dauphin and Lancaster Counties. Mrs. Rohrer was born in Klizabelhtown, and by her marriage became the mother of eight children, seven of whom are living, namely: Dr. George R., whose office is at No. 45 East Orange Street, Lancaster; .Jacob I?., a civil engineer on the Chi- cago Drainage Canal; Marie Louise and Mary, who are at home; Grant, a railroad contractor; Howard, a druggist, but now in business with his father; and Daisy M., who is at home. Mrs. Rohrer and several of her children are members of the First Presbyterian Church of this city and the family is highly respected. For two terms Major Rohrer was a member of the Common Council of Lancaster, serving on the special Water Committee, which built and com- pleted the new water works. As a member of the .Select Council, he also served for two terms, when he resigned, and while there was a member of the Finance and Water Coinmiltccs. In everything re- lating to the improvement and development of the place he has been zealous and active, having the welfare of the people at heart. <)C» -H"H"H--HH"} "i-j^ »-M-H~H"l"»«HH- X> PROF. GE()R(;K BENKERT, proprietor of Henkert's School of Music in Lancaster, is an accomplished musician and able teacher. While studying that. ait in Germany he carried off the hont>rs of his class, which distinction was ac- corded liiin \)y Professor Volckmar. His estab- lishment is located at No. 147 East King Street, and its owner is highly appreciated and received in the best circles of society in the city. Our subject was born in Hesse-Ca.ssel, Germany, April 14, 1864, and is the son of William Benkert, also a native of the Fatherland. The latter com- l)lete, 1891, at which time he was in his sixty- fifth year. In politics he was a stanch Republican, and at one time was candidate on the jiarly ticket for the nomination of Member of Congress, but was beaten by thirt}- votes, this happening two times. He was also a Grand Army man, and a thoroughly patriotic citizen. His wife, formerly Clara A. Withers, was born in Lancaster County, being a daughter of Michael Withers, whose birtli occurred in Strasburg, also in this county. He was of English descent, and his father was, like him, born within the count3^ boundary. In order to obtain a livelihood, he followed farming and mill- ing, and after his long and useful career passed away in this city. Hon. W. W. Franklin, whose name heads this article, is one of three cliildren, he being the eldest. The others are Josephine and Emien A., who is en- gaged in the manufacture of mining machinery in Durango, Colo. The early education of Mr. Frank- lin was obtained, in the excellent public and pri- vate schools of Lancaster, after leaving which it was his privilege to attend for a time the Franklin and Marsliall College, which he left at the close of the sophomore year to become a teacher at St. Mary's .\cademy in this county. Concluding to adopt the i)rofession of his father and grandfather, and having himself a decided inclination in that direction, the young man next began the pursuit of law studies with his father, and after becoming 262 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. thoroughly familiar with the theory and much of the practical workings of law, was admitted to the Bar in 1882. Under tlie able tutelage and direc- tion of Colonel Franklin he was trained in the best methods and skill of modern lawyers, and con- tinued in practice with him until the elder Mr. Franklin died. Since then he has carried on his business alone, having his office at No. 23 South Duke Street, and numbers among his clients those who formerly depended upon his father, and have now come to place the same reliance in the son. In the spring of 1888 he was nominated as a can- didate for the State Legislature, and in the fall of that year was elected, and during his service in the House was Chairman of the Local .Judiciary Committee and also served on minor committees. In 1890 he was re-elected to tlie Legislature, serv- ing as Chairman of the same committee as previ- ously, and also being appointed to serve as a member of Committee on Railroads, being Secre- tarj' of that committee. When tlie returns were counted in 1890, it was found that he had been defeated at the polls on account of fraud, which was so evident that the election was contested, the result being that his election was sustained. In personal manner he is courteous and affable, and readily wins and retains friends. =-l-^+^P=- eOL. EDWARD McGOVERN, who is a prom- inent factor of Lancaster County, as was his father before him, will form the sub- ject of this notice. He was born in Lebanon, Pa., November 11, 1834, and reared on a farm three miles out of the city. In 1846 he went to Wor- cester, Mass., and attended the college of the Holy Cross for six years, graduating in 1852, with the degree of A. B. Later the degree of A. M. was conferred upon him by the Georgetown College. In 1861, after having studied law under Colonel Frazer, our subject was admitted to the Bar and practiced law with him until August of that year, when he enlisted in Company G, Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry. He raised the compan}', and was mustered in as its Captain. In the fall of 1862 he was commissioned by Governor Curtin as Colonel of the One Hundred and Twenty-sec- ond Regiment. He joined his regiment at the sec- ond battle of Bull Run, and i)articipated in the battles of Antietam, Fredericksburg and Chancel- lorsville, and was mustered out with them under General Sickles. Afterward he went to Mexico as civil engineer under Lyon, who was later shot, and worked in that capacitj' for the Vera Cruz Railroad Companj-, with which corporation he re- mained for three j'ears. He then returned by the way of New Orleans, and was engaged on the Louisville Short Line Railroad for two years, after the completion of which he returned to Pennsyl- vania. He later worked for the Pittsburg & Con- nelsville Railroad, for whom he superintended the construction of two large tunnels, and returned to Lancaster. We next find him as a contractor on the Columbia & Port Deposit Railroad, where he was engaged in heavy work for two or three years. From there he went to New Jersey, and in 1880 to Colorado, where he was engaged with the Den- ver t t'hurcli. The parents of David AV. were married 'about 1836, the mother being the (laughter of Dr. Herman Witmer, a promliieiit physician of Manor Town- ship. Tlieir union resulted in the birth of four son> and two daughters. Martha is the wife of Daniel 15. Krelder and reside^ on the old home- stead; llerinan W. is a coal uiul liimiier merchant in Petersburg; .\mos W., now deceased, was for- merly engaged in the furniture business in the State of Kan.>ias; Benjamin W. is a farmer and stock-raiser of Avon, Idaho; Elizabeth died in cliildluiod; David W.,of this sketch, was the young- est. The husband and father died October 11, 1890, aged seventy-seven years. His wife pre- ceded him to the land beyond, dying in 1886, at the age of seventy-one. The subject of this sketch was reared on his father's farm, and like the other boys of the neigii- borhood attended the district school for a time. Afterward he lieeame a student in the Millers- ville .State Normal. When completing his educa- tion he taught three terms of school, after which he engaged in the leaf tobacco business, occupy- ing a large warehouse, which is devoted to pre- paring that article for the market. He gives em- ployment to from eighteen to thirty-four men, and has represented three diflferent tobacco firms, doing a business of about $60,000 annually. In addition to the enterprise already mentioned, Mr. Graybill is one of the general merchants of 266 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Petersburg, having an establishment well stocked with all grades of goods suitable for both country and city trade. In social matters he belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and has been Past Grand of .Selah Lodge No. 657, I. O. O. F., of M.Tnheim. He is likewise connected with the Meridian Sun Commandery No. 99, K. M.,of Lan- caster; Lancaster Lodge No. 88, K. P.; Lancaster Lodge No. 126, A. O. K. of M. C; and Red Rose Company No. 20, LTniformed Rank, of Lancaster. Mr. Graybill forms one of the State Commandery with rank of Brigadier-General under J. B. Roberts, Commanding General of the state. He belongs to Conestoga Lodge No. 363, R. A., and in these various orders is prominent and influential. In politics he is a Republican, and has held the oflice of Justice of the Peace since 188L He has been Assessor for a number of terms, and was Secre- ■ tary of the County Committee for two years. April 27, 1880, Mr. Graybill and Miss S. Alice, daughter of William K. Martin, were united in marriage. To them have been born two children, Guy Martin and David lieid. ■ ^ ^<* i 'V ■ PATRICK DONNELLY. The history of Lancaster County would be incomplete without mention of Mr. Donnelly, who is one of its prominent and enterprising citizens. For over a quarter of a century he was an Alder- man in the city of Lancaster, and for three years was the able editor of the Lancaster Democrat He is the son of James and Bridget (Holland) Donnelly, and was born February 23, 1816, in County Ty- rone, Ireland. James Donnelly was also a native of the above place, where he was a weaver by trade, which business he followed in his native land un- til the time of his emigration to America. He became a citizen of this countrj' as soon as possi- ble after living here the prescribed time, and in politics was a firm Democrat. His first vote was given in 1823 in favor of John Andrew Schulty for Governor. He was a devout Catholic in re- ligion, to which faith he remained true during his entire life. He came to the United States in the year 1818 and located at once in this state. He was active in public affairs and was a prominent citizen of Lancaster at the time of his decease, September 27, 1863, when ninety-seven years of age. Patrick, of this sketch, after completing his edu- cation in the common schools, devoted three years towards learning the trade of a tailor. Not finding this business suited to his health he traveled, selling Irish linens through the south. His health w.as ver}' much impaired prior to engaging in this business, and after working in the interests of this house for three years, 3'oung Donnelly went upon the stage, traveling with some of the best comi)an- ies in the country, and engaged with the home company (The Connor Dramatic Society), with which he remained for ten years. At the expi- nilion of that lime our subject took up the study of law, reading under John R. Montgomer}-, who at that time was one of the most celebrated men at the Lancaster County Bar. He continued thus for three years and was admitted to practice in 1847. The profession not being suited to his taste, however, Mr. Donnelly abandoned it a short lime thereafter. In 1851 he was api)ointed Ins()eutor of Cargoes at Lancaster for the Pennsylvania Rail- road. In 1853 he went to AVashington, I). C, where he was given a position in the Postoftice Department, .ind in this and other departments served altogether eight years under the adminis- trations of Pierce and Buchanan. Heis a devout member of St. Mary's Catholic Church and belongs to the St. Bernard Societj-. Patrick Donnelly was married April 30, 1846, to Miss Catherine Gallagher and to them were granted seven children: John and James, who died when quite young; Charles C, of whom mention is made on another page; two who died in infancy' un- named; James, at home with his parents, and Clar- ence, who is Registrar Clerk in the Postoftice. Mrs. Donnelly departed this life July 21, 1889, when a little past threescore years and ten. Mr. Donnelly published in 1861 a chart called "Donnelly's Perpetual Union Almanac and Yearly PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 267 Indicator," dalini; back to the year 1700 and car- ried to (SdK'J. lie is als) the aullior of a t;il>le showing the occurrence of Easter from 1700 to 8099, or to time indefinite. Tliis table is most in- geniously gotten up and shows vor^' |ilainly that our subject spent much time in its construction. A n)an of intellitrence, reliable in his citizenship, honorable in his dealings with his fellow-men and kindly in social and domestic life, he is regarded with a due measure of esteem by those about him. €-R-l= ^3 ellARLES CARROLL DONNELLY. This name will be at once recognized by the majority of our reailers as that of one of the most enterprising citizens of Lancaster. lie is carrying on an extensive business as a pap»r hanger, and during the busy season gives employment to sixt-een men. He is also a talented musician and for many years has been President of the Clemmens City Hand, and Manager of the Iroquois Hand. The son of Patrick and Catherine (fJall.igher) Donnelly, he was born in the city of Lancaster August lis, 1850. For a full account of the par- ental history', the reader is referred to the sketch of Patrick Donnelly, which appears on another page in this volume. Charles C, of this sketch, ac(|uired his primary education in the public schools of his native city, after which he attended Professor Davis' private academy. After completing his education he ap- prenticed himself to learn the trade of paper hanger under the instruction of his uncle. Later he associated himself with J. B. Martin it Co., large dry goods and wall paper merchants of this place, with whom he remained for nineteen years, or un- til embarking in business for himself in the year 1891. He is the proprietor of a good establishment, carrj-ing a full line of handsome wall paper, and employes a large force of men in the spring and fall of the year. Mr. Donnelly is widel}- known through this section .as a fine musician and has been Presiden and Manager of the Irocpiois Band ever since its organization in 1888. In 1892 he was made the recipient of a handsome gold medal by the citi- zens of Lancaster, as a token o( their appreciation of his services rendered the band, which is one of the finest in (he country. The medal consists of a ! bar bearing his name and is beautifully engraved. Our subject is one of the sturdiest supporters of the Democratic party, on which ticket he is the present candidate for the position of Director of the County Poor Farm. In religion Mr. D(mnell}' is a devout Catholic and belongs to St. Michael's Beneficial and the .St. .lohn's .Societies, lie is also a working member of St. Anthony's and other societies. He is connected with the Sdiiller Club, which meet* in Turner Hall, and is prominent m all good work in whicli his church is interested. Mr. Donnelly w.-is one of the members of the old Volunteer I'nion Fire Company, and as an intel- ligent and well educated young man, is well calculated to win the respect and esteem of all whom he encounters, eilliei in business or social circles. £)#^(^ JOHN W. HESS, M. D., one of the largest general practitioners in Lancaster, is a gen- tleman of extended knowledge, both in the leading affairs and interests of the day and in the line of his life work. He has been emi- nently successful in his use of electricity for the treatment of many forms of disease, particularly . those of the nerves, and was one of the first phy- sicians in the county to recognize the great use- fulness of this factor in the healing art, as he has etnploj-ed it since 1868. Believing that the best results follow when a physician personally' attends to putting up his own prescriptions, he has a well equipped office and carries out this idea. The birth of Dr. Hess occurred March 7, 1840, near the village of Lampeter, Lancaster County and his father, Daniel S., was born in the same 268 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. vicinity. The Hess family is of Swiss descent, and its members have been generally sturdy and industrious farmers. The Doctor's father during Lis active life was a prosperous agriculturist on bis farm situated in East Hempfield Township, on the Columbia Pike, near this city. He died when in his sixtieth year on his homestead. His wife, Barbara, was born in Manor Township, and was a daughter of Dr. John Witmer, who was a farmer and a physician in the earlj' days. His death oc- curred on his farm in Manor Township, about three and a-half miles west of this place. Mrs. Hess became the mother of twelve children, all but three of whom are still living, and of these J. W. is the eldest. The mother was called from this life when she had reached the age of sixty-five years. After completing his comnion school education Dr. Hess attended the Millprsville Normal for two years, and when eighteen years of age began study- ing medicine with Dr. A. M. Cassidy, of Millers- ville. In 1861 he entered the Medical Depart- ment of the New York University, where he passed two years in study, and then was enrolled with the pupils of Jefferson Medical College, Phila- delphia, from which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1864. On first beginning his practice, he returned to Millers- ville, and for two years was a partner with his former preceptor. In 1863 Dr. Hess reponded to the emergency call, being placed in the Fortieth Pennsylvania Militia, under Colonel Wickersham. For about eleven years he continued in practice alone in Millersville, building up a good reputa- tion as a physician. In the fall of 1876 he came to Lancaster, and has found his time amply oc- cupied with the constant demands which are made upon it by his many clients and patrons. He makes a specialty of general family practice, hav- ing little to do with surgical cases. The Doctor owns a pleasant and well built resi- dence at No. 25 South Prince Street, which home •is iM-esided over by his amiable wife, formerly Miss Sarah A. Baer, to whom he was united in marriage in the year 1865, in this city. Mrs. Hess was born in East Hempfield Township, and is a daughter of Martin Baer. Since 1873 Dr. Hess has been a member of Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and is also identified with Chapter No. 43, R. A. M.; Council No. 19, and with Commandery No. 13, K. T., and the Lodge of Peifection. He also- be- longs to the Knights of Pythias. His right of suffrage he uses in favor of the principles es- poused in the Republican party and the nominees which it sets forth. "^ ^■^ r^=' ¥.> LI B. POWL, one of the leading liverymen I C) doing business in Lancaster, was born April 2, 1854, near Neffsville, the son of Isaac Powl, who was also a native of Lancaster Count}'. The latter was a farmer by occupation, and moving to Lancaster in 1864, operated a hotel. He later sold his hotel and operated a livery l)usi- ness, which he began on a small scale and gradually increased. In 1866 he built and located where our subject is now doing business. In October, 1884, he sold the business to our subject and the follow- ing April died. Politically, our subject's father was a Republican and in religious matters was a believer in the Mennonite faith. The Powl family were among the old style German families. Our subject's mother was Barbara (Buckwalter) Powl, a native of Lancaster Count}', where her father was a farmer. Our subject's father and mother were each married twice, and of their last marriage our subject was born, he being the elder of two children. He was reared and educated at Lancaster, and grew into the business he now fol- lows, by degrees, and the last ten years of his father's life, the son had charge. His livery stable is 60x96 feet in size and two stories high, provided with a hand elevator. It is located at No. 14 East Walnut Street, and his residence is next door. This is a first class livery business and they are able to turn out thirty- rigs, fifteen hacks and three hearses. Our subject was married at Lancaster, in August, 1878, to Miss Alice C. Henry, a native of Lancas- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 269 ter and the daughter of Mr. and Mi-s. Benjamin IltMirv. Our subject and his estimable wife are tlie parents of two children: Isaac Benjamin and Theodore Franklin. Mr. Powl is a member of the Independent Order of Odd P'ellows, and is a char- ter member of llerschel Lodge. Politically he is a firm believer in the general principles of the Re- publican part}'. - — ^re lonsiderecl as "ood as his bond. -^ HUGH S. GARA is a highly respected old settler and leatling citizen of Lancastei', who in ftirmer years was a merchant and for a long period has lieen Notary* Public. He was Presideiil .and helped to orgnni/.c the I'nion Huild- ing and Loan Association and continued as an ofticial until the first issue was paid out. He is very nnich interested in civic societies, being Sec- retary of Lodge No. 13, F. ik- A. M.,and Secretary of Chapter No. 43, R. A. M. In Goodwin Coun- cil No. 19, R. & S., he is the present Recorder, and holds a similar post in Lanc.ister Commandery No. 13, K. T. Born in E.ist Lampeter Township March 28, 1819, Hugh S. is the eldest of the living children. The family originally' comprised three sons and two daughters, but four of the number are de- ceased. Isaac B., a brother, was Deputy Secretary of the staflf of Governor Geary and was Postmas- ter at Erie. Formerly a journalist, he is now re- tired from business. The youth of Hugh S. Gara was passed at his birthplace, and when fifteen years of age he commenced clerking at Strasburg, where he remained three years. In 1839 coming to Lancaster, he obtained a position in a store and later embarked in trade for himself with David Cockley as a partner. Later buying out that gen- tleman's interest, Mr. Gara continued his dry- goods and general mercbandi.se trade at No. 128 East King Street until 1803, when he sold out. The next enterprise to which our subject gave his attention was to fire and life insurance, and he was thus engaged for nearl}' twenty years, .sell- ing out in April. 1892, to Christopher Ilager. He represented the North American, Pennsylvania and Franklin Insurance Companies of Philadel- phia, the Liverpool, London, Globe, Queen, Hano- ver and other societies. Since .lanuary, 1874, he has been Notary Public for Lancaster County Na- tional and for the first National Banks. For a period of nine years he was one of the inspectors of the county prison, and a i)ortion of this time ofliciated as Treasurer of the same. For three years he W.1S aSohoijl Director and has always been much interested in educational affairs. The home of Mr. Gara, which is located at No. 206 East King Street, was erected by hlrn and has always been the abode of hospitalitj'. Mr. Gara was married in Lancaster in 1844, to a native of the city. Miss Sarah ,1. Buck, who was called from this life March 13, 1890, leaving one cliild, Kliza- beth B. I'\>r over thirty years Mr. (Jara has been a member of the Presbyterian Ciuuch,and for two decades has been President of the Board of Trus- tees. For a long time he was Superintendent of the Sunday-school and to general church work has given a great deal of his time. Besides the frater- nity to wiiich we have referred, Mr. Gara is a mem- ber of Lancaster Lodge No. 67, I. O. O. F. li^^fi ^ U ^ iG^Eii J HARRY WIDMYER has one of the oldest locations in the furniture business in the city of Lancaster, .as his father started in the manufacture of this line of articles in the early part of this century on this identical site, at the corner of Duke and East King Streets. The birth of our subject occurred May 29, 1847, where the court house is now situated. His fa- ther. Christian Widinyer, was born in Wurtem- berg, Germany, and learned the cabinet-maker's 274 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. trade. Coming to this country a single man, he married Harriet M. Brown, who was boru in Lan- caster and was the daughter of John Brown, an old settler of this place. Christian Widmj'er es- tablished himself in business, and at that time all furniture was made by hand. He built up a good trade, and erected the first four-story building put up in the city, this being the place where his son is now engaged in trade. Until 1871 he continued in the business, then being bought out by J. H. Widmyer and .J. F. Ricksecker, after which he lived a retired life and died November 22, 1892, at the age of eighty-five years. He was an active Demo- crat, and religiously was a Lutheran. His wife, who died in 1886, was tlien seventy-eight years of age. They were the parents of two sons and four daughters, and all of the family with the excep- tion of one daughter are yet living. The early education of J. H. Widmyer was ob- tained in the public and high schools of this city, and for a time he was a student in a private insti- tution. At the age of seventeen he began learning the cabinet-maker's trade, and at the end of four years was a practical workman. In his father's factory he was Assistant Superintendent until Sep- tember, 1871, when, as previously stated, in com- pany with his partner he bought out his father. Since 1886, at which time he purchased his part- ner's interest, he has continued the business alone. At times he has employed twenty-five men, and sold his wares in all parts of the countj'. In 1891 he remodeled his building, making the front of the ground floor entiielj- of plate glass, and thus these show windows are the finest in the citj'. Tills is the largest furniture establishment in the city, and a full line of choice and less costly goods is kept in stock. The building has a frontage of thirty-six and a-half feet and is one hundred and twenty-six and a-half feet in depth, with a wing 34x42 feet. In addition to his furniture trade, the proprietor has a large undertaking establish- ment, and in this department his son, David B., is associated with him. In 1869 Mr. AVidmyer was married in Lancaster, to Dora S., daughter of David 151 nk ley, who was a miller by trade. Mrs. Widmyer was born in Lan- caster County, and by her marriage has become the mother of a son. David B. He graduated from the high school and afterward attended the Mill- ersville Normal, and is a graduate of an embalm- ing school in Harrisburg. The parents are mem- bers of St. John's Lutheran Church, of which our subject has been one of the Deacons, and Librarian of the Sunday-school for 3ears. Fraternally he is a charter member of the Royal Arcanum of this place, in which he has passed all the chairs, and also belongs to the Loyal Legion. Politically he deposits his ballot for Democratic nominees. "TT^ WESLEY PYNE, a skilled musician making I Cy his home in Lancaster, is the author of many brilliant instrumental compositions and organist of St. James' Episcopal Church. He was born in Somersetshire, England, in 1863, and came from a very musical family, the gift having seeraingl3' been transmitted from one generation to another. His ancestors originally settled in Devon, but later removed to Kent. Thomas Pyne, the great-great-great-grandfalher of our subject, was a fellow of St. Mary's College, and one of his descendants was a Justice on the Queen's Bench. Tiiere are still in existence at Grayford some an- cient buildings which are still known as "P}'ne's Row." The grandfather of our subject, J. Kendrick Pyne, was a celebrated tenor singer, living between the years 1785 and 1857. His son, James Kendrick Pyne, father of our subject, was born in 1810 and was a pupil in music of S. Wesle\- and Johann Sebastian Bach. His compositions are well known, among them being five prize glees and an anthem, for which he received the Lord Gresham prize medal. Louisa Pyne, a niece of our subject's father, was the daughter of George Pyne, an eminent tenor singer. She was a prima donna in English opera and a noted oratorio singer. Her sister, Susan Pyne, was also a well known contralto. Our subject's father was a fellow of the Royal Academy of Music in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 275 London and departed this life in 1893, at the ad- vanced age of ninet3'-two years. He held the position of organist in tiie c-atliedral at Bath, Kng- land, for a period of tifty-two years. Tlie family of James K. Pyne included live chil- dren. Louisa, a brilliant musician, is now the wife of George Telley, and resides in Leeds, England; James Kendrick is organist of the Manchester Cathedral; Minton is organist for St. Mark's Epis- copal Church in Philadelphia; our subject was the next in order of birth. Zoe is a graduate of the Conservatory of Music in London, where she makes her home. E. Wesley was reared to man's estate in Bath, Englantl, and was educated at Magdalen College, Oxford, England, lie was the solo boy of the col- lege choir, which was considered a great honor, lie also studied music under Sir Walter Parratt, who IS now organist to Her Majesty the Queen. Our subject was graduated from Oxford in 1884 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and coming about that time to America, spent one year in Wisconsin. Returning at the expiration of that time to his native land, he came three months later to this country', and locating in this state was of- fered the position of organist of St. Luke's Epis- copal Chmch at Altoona. His next position was with Ml. Calvary's Episcopal Church in Baltimore, where he remained for six j-ears, during that time training four different choirs. He then became organist for St. Paul's Cathedral in Buffalo, N. Y., and one year later, in June, 1893, came to Lancaster, where he accepted the position of organist of St. James' Episcopal Church. He is also training the choir of the Episcopal Church in Harrisburg and has charge of the choir of the Presbyterian Church in Columbia, in both of which cities he teaches music. Professor Pyne, together with Rev. P. J. Robot- tom and Hev. Charles L. Fr\', were the prime movers in organizing the Oratorio Society in this cit}-, which was successful from the start. Professor Pyne was chosen leader of the society and their rendition of the "Holy City" in 1894 was magnif- icent and greatly appreciated by the music-loving people of Lancaster. Professor Pyne was married in Philadelphia, in February, 1885, to Miss Margaret, daughter of George E. Arnold, who was President of the clear- ing house of that city for over a quarter of a cen- tury. To them have been granted three children, Ernest Sebastian Wesley, Margaret Cecelia and Emily Kendrick. In politics he is a Hepublican, and while living in his native England was a Conservative. iM u >J mi m ^ I r I f 1 ., AMUEL J. POOL, wlio is Superintendent of the Lanc.ister Cemetery, was born in the city of Lancaster, November 6, 1834, the son of Edward Pool, also a native of the same place. His mother was Mary Hatz, a native of Lancaster, where her parents were also born, though the Hatz family was of German origin. Our sub- ject's (irandf.-.ther Pool cnine from the North of Ireland and settled in Little Britain, Lancaster County, on a farm. Our subject's mother died at the age of sixty-eight years, being a devoted mem- ber of the Lutheran Church. Samuel .1. is one of a family of four children, two sons and two daugh- ters. The sons, who are still surviving, are Will- iam and Samuel, our subject. William was a sol- dier in the late war, a member of Company K, .Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Regiment, and held the rank of Lieutenant. He of whom this memoir is written was reared in the city of Lancaster and at the age of fifteen learned the silver-plating business under Phillip Worner, after which he engaged in that business for himself on Prince Street, continuing for eigh- teen years, and doing a general silver-plating busi- ness in all of its branches. He employed from seven to nine hands in his works, and continued in that line until the electric plating process came into use. In 1883 he became Superintendent of the Lancas- ter Cemetery, and still holds that position. During the summer season the Trustees of the Cemetei-y Association employ from seven to nine men, who work under his supervision. LTnder our subject's management many valuable and attractive im- 276 POETKAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL EECORD provements have been made about this beautiful cemetery, where rest the departed dead of Lan- caster. In 1891 a superintendent's house was erected. This cemetery consists of twenty-oue acres, with an entrance on East Lemon Street. Our subject was united in marriage at Lancaster in 1855, to Miss Mary C. Stounfeltz, a D.ative of Lancaster. Three children bless this union, Mary E., Mrs. W. F. Wiley, of Lancaster; Edward, our subject's assistant; and Clementina, Mrs. George Forrest, of Lancaster. Mr. Pool is active in public affairs, and is a member of the Common Council from the First Ward, having served two terms. He is an iion- ored member of Lodge No. 68, K. of P., and is also a member of the Order of Red Men. Politically Mr. Pool is identified with tlie Re- publican party. The family attend the Lutheran Church, of which his wife is a member. No better person could have been selected for the position he holds tliau Mr. Pool. He is thorough and painstaking, as well as obliging to the public witii whom he has corae in contact. Every part of this beautiful cemetery gives evidence of his careful and economical management. l®). ^m^ ^(Sj /^~V EORGE A. TRIPPLE, of Safe Harbor, is a ^Tf member of the Arm of Haskell, Tripi)le ife Co., also of the firm of George A. Tripple & Co. The first mentioned firm are engaged in the milling business in this place, and have two other mills at Rock Hill. For fifteen years prior and up to the war he was eng.aged in carrying on a general store in company with David Warfel, and since tliat time has been interested in the coal and lumber trade mainly, having been very successful in this line of business. The Tripple family is of German origin, and Joseph, the father of our subject, was born in Berks County, in the village of Kutztown, where his father located on his arrival from Germany. Joseph Tripple was a hatter by trade and carried on the business quite extensively in Lancaster, having one of the oldest stores in the place, which was his home during the most of his life. In la- ter years, he continued in his trade at Safe Har- bor, where his death occurred. He was a soldier of the War of 1812, and was present at the attack on Baltimore. A very earnest Democrat, he was active in the ranks of that p.arty, and in religious faith was a Catholic. He married Miss Mary Smith, by whom he had ten children: Susan, who died in infancy; Mar}', Catherine, John, Susannah, Jos- eph C, William S.. Ma.iy A., George A. and Susan, the second. The father died at the age of seventy- one years, in 1 853, and the mother in August, 1840, aged fifty-six years. The subject of this sketch was born February 8, 1826, at Lancaster, and received his education in the schools of this place. When fifteen years of age, he learned the tailor's trade, in Bellefonte, Centre County, which he has more or less ever since followed. For a short time he was located in Caledonia, Elk Count}', Pa., was seven 3'ears in Bellefonte, and in 1848 came to Safe Harbor. Here he has followed his calling as a merchant tail- or ever since in connection with other enterprises. In 1857 he opened a general store, in which he did business for fifteen years. Afterwards, in company with his former partner, he started a coal and lum- ber yard, and operated a sawmill at Bain bridge. When that partnership was discontinued he re- tired from business for two years, and then once more embarked in general merchandise with Mrs. Amos Sourbeer, whose husband had formerly been in business with him, and the_v continued for five years together. Subsequently he was a member of the firm of Tripple ne!>to<;a Township, .Mr. Tripple owns a good farm of eigh- ty-nine acres, one of the rich iron ore farms of the community. Politically^ our subject is a Republican, is now and lias been for fourteen years past, .\udilor of Conestoga Townsliij), Mid was ftirnierly Treasurer of the Safe Harbor Savings Hank. For two years Mr. Tripple owned a general notion and dry-goods store at Andereon, Ind., which w.is conducted by his daughter, the firm being M. G. Tripple & Co. NovenilK>r C, 184H. our subject married Har- riet, daughter of William Howen. a hotel-keeper of this city. Ten children were born of this mar- riage, William and .loliii .1.. who died in infancy; Mary K., wife H. K. llersliey, Alexander, Ind.; Hattie, Mrs. Shelly; Curtis K.; Oscar and Susan, who died in childluRid; Lctlie and (Jeorgiana, who are at home; and Minnie (!., who manifested ex- cellent business qualities while running the store at Anderson. Ind., and is now stenographer for the (inn of Slaymaker, Barry it Co., of Lancas- ter. William Bowen, the father of Mrs. Tripple, was of Welsh descent, and a n-sideiit formerly of Chester County, and in later yearsof .Safe Harbor. One of his sons, Kli, who was locally styled the Humboldt of America, was one of the greatest geol- ogists in the country, and published a work on the subject which has long been recognized as standard, the title of the same being "Physical His- tory of the Creation of the Earth and its Inhabi- tants." He is also author of a book of rules useful to those conducting postotlices, and he was for a short time in the general postottice at Washing- ton, D. C. George A. Tripple is a member of the Methodist Church, having been for forty-five years connected with the congregation at Safe Harbor, and for about a quarter of a century has been a local preacher. Socially he li.is passed through all the chairs of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, belonging to the lodge of this place, JNo. 334,and is a Knight Templar Mason. He is also identified with the Temple of Honor, and belonged to the Sons of Temperance in former years. He is a member of Washington Lodge No. 156, F. & A. M., at Dru- more Center, of this count\', and has alwaj'S been verj- prominent in local affairs. ^^' HON. SAMl'EL T. DAVIS, M. D., has had a long and distinguished career, being one of the leading citizens of Lancaster. He served his friends and neighbors .as a Representa- tive in the .Stale Legislature, and in the line of his profession has long been in the front ranks. He is especially skillful .as a surgeon, though he has a large general practice, and is now President of the State Board of Health. Our subject's paternal grandfather, Lewis Davis, was born in South Wales and came to America, settling in Lancaster County at an early day. For some years he was engaged in the distillery busi- ness, and later in life lie became a resident of Huntingdon County, where he departed this life. The father of the Doctor was Henry Davis, whose birth occurred in Rohrerstown, this county, where he was reared until fourteen years of age. He then removed witii his parents to Huntingdon County, there learning the wagon-making and blacksmith's trade. He also was an agriculturist, and during his later years turned his attention solely to farming. Though now eight}- years of age, he is still active and well preserved. His wife, Catharine (Wallhcater) Davis, was born in Penn- sylvania, and is of German descent. Her father, whose given name was Henry, removed to Hunt- ingdon County, where he engaged in farming un- til his death. His wife has attained the age of seventy-seven years, and is a woman of more than ordinary ability and good qualities. Four of her sons were in the service during the late war in the defense of the LTnion. Dr. Davis was born March 6, 1838, at Cottage, Huntingdon County, being one of six children, all of whom are still living. In boyhood he learned 278 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. his father's trade, but was ambitious to acquire an education, early deciding to enter the medical profession. He pursued his studies in this direction by himself at first, reciting to Dr. H. Orlady, and later taking a course at Mooresville Academy,and at Miilersvilie State Normal School. Afterward he taught school for a time,when, the war breaking out, he enlisted in Company H, Fifteenth Pennsylvania Infantry, being in the service three months. Ke- enlisting in Company C, Seventy-seventh Regi- ment, as Second Lieutenent, he was successively promoted until he received the commission of Captain of Company G, whicli company he himself re-enlisted. While on the staff of Gen. William Grose, at the engagement at Kesaca, he was severely wounded, and for five days la^' on the field. After being at the hospital at Chattanooga for three months he was honorably discharged in 1864. Returning to his interrupted medical studies, the Doctor took a course of lectures at Jefferson Medi- cal College and at Long Island Medical College, from which he graduated in 1866. Going to Miil- ersvilie, he was for a year in partnership with Dr. S. B. Hartman. For the succeeding nine years he was in practice alone, and in 1874 removed to Lancaster, his office at the present time being located at No. 132 North Prince Street. Dr. Davis was married in Miilersvilie, October 2, 1866, to Miss Elizabeth Fenstermacher, who was born in that place, being a daughter of Christian Fenstermacher, an old settler of that locality. The Doctor and his wife have no chil- dren of their own, but have an adopted daughter, Martha H. In July, 1889, our subject was appointed Presi- dent of the State Board of Health, and was re- elected in July, 1893. In addition, he is a member and Vice-President of the City Pathological Asso- ciation and has been President of the County So- ciety. He was one of the original members of the American Surgical Association and is a member of the American Medical Association. At the conven- tions of the various medical societies he has deliver- ed many addresses, and while in the Legislature was very active in matters pertaining to hygiene and sanitary affairs. He was a member of the Pan- American Medical Congress which convened at Chi- cago in 1893, and in short, has alwa3'S been promi- nent in ever3thing pertaining to his profession. In local politics the Doctor has taken consider- able interest and served in the City Council for five years, having been at one time President of the same. In the fall of 188.5 he was elected to the State Legislature on the Republican ticket, and two years later was re-elected by the largest Re- publican majority ever polled in Lancaster. Fra- ternally he is a member of George H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R., of the Union Veteran Legion and of the Loyal Legion. He is a thirty-second degree Mason and has served as Master in Perfection Lodge No. 66, of this city. M l@_ PEARSON E. GRUGER, a well known and public spirited citizen of Lancaster, has been engaged in business in this city for exactly thirty years, during which time he has made many sincere friends in the various walks of life. For nearly that length of time he has con- ducted a marble and granite trade at No. 25 .South Queen Street, his business having steadily increased year by j'ear, until he has had to employ a large number of men in the work. ]Mr. (iruger is a son of Adam P. and Hannah C. (Sallada) Gruger, his birth having occurred October 1, 1834, in Stouchs- burg, Berks County, Pa. The name is very well known in this state, as members of the family are very numerous in certain counties. Tiie original founders of the family in America were of Hugue- not descent and settled mainly in the southern states. Peter, the paternal grandfather of our subject, died when his son Adam was onl}' ten vears of age. The latter was born in Lehigh County, this state, in June, 1808, and learned the saddler's trade, which business he followed for a number of years. He also was engaged at coach trimming, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 279 and at one time was Postmaster of Womclsdorf, lU'iks County. In |iolili(.'S la' was in liis early life a Democrat, Imt later espoused tlie principles of the Republican party. lie was a nieinlK?r of the Reformed Church and fraternally was a Mason, bcloufjing to old Mt. Lebanon Lodge, which has since disbanded. His death occurred in February, 1891, when he had attained the ripe old age of eighty-two years, but his wife is still living, her home being in Columbia. Thoy were the parents of the following children: P. K., Francis; Louisa, now a resident of Columbia; .lohn, wlio is engaged in the marble business in Philatlclphia; Martha, deceased; Mary, who resides with her mother in Columbia; Charles, a traveling salesman, whose death occurred in Philadelphia, at the age of thirty- three years; William and Kmily, deceased; Clara, and one who died in infancy. Mr. Gruger, whose name heads this article, re- ceived his early education in the public schools of Lancaster; afterward it w.as his privilege to attend the old Franklin College, when it was located on Lime .Street. When seventeen years of age, he left his studies in order to learn a trade, and was employed with C. M. Howell, of this city, for live yeai-s. F"or the succeeding six yeai-s he worked in Philadelphia, after which he returned to locate permanently iu this place. In 186G he opened a marble and granite establishment on South <^ueen Street, where he has ever since been engaged in this business. On an average some eight men are emploj'ed,andas many as seventeen workmen have been at times required in order to meet large con- tracts. Mr. Gruger is a good business man, and has, by attending strictly to his own affairs and by the e.xercise of industry and correct principles of trade, acquired a comfortable fortune. May 20, 1858, Mr. Gruger married Rebecca, daughter of Philip Metzger, and of their union eight children have been born, as follows: Charles; Florence, who died in infancy; ISIargaret, William, Frank, Walter, Catherine and Harry. The mother of these children was called from this life January 9, 1875, at the age of thirt3'-eight years. On Christmas Day 1883, our subject married Salome, daughter of David Nauraan. Mr. and Mrs. Gruger are members of the Reformed Church, and for many years the former was an Elder in the con- gregation at Columbia. In his political atliliations he is a stanch Kepublican and has been active in educational matters. Mfi-^i-i^fl? Cpr MOS S. KUKIDFR was born and has passed / — \ his entire life in Pequca Township, and has long been numbered among the pro- gressive farmers of Lancaster County. For several generations the Kieider family have been engaged in following agricultural pursuits in this immediate neighborhood nnd have l)eeii noted for their indus- trious and useful qualities. Michael Kreider, the grandfather of our subject, married a Miss Ilarnish, and to them nine children were born, namely: Lizzie (Mrs. Ilerr), Maria, Andrew, Jacob, Susan (Mi-s. Miller), Martin, Barbara, Jonas and Sarah. The parents were members of the Old Mcniionile Church and were very active in denominational work. Indeed, for years Michael Kreider was a minister in the church and rose to the rank of Bishop. Michael Kreider, the father of our subject, was born in Pequea Township May 1, 1812, and from his boyhood followed the occupation of farmer. On arriving at mature years he chose for his life's companion Miss Maria Shank, and four children came to bless their home, Barb;ira, who became the wife of Hiram Woffel; Lizzie, deceased; Amos S., our subject, and Kptiraini, deceased. The father was one of the leading members of the Old Mennonite Church and b}^ all who knew him was highly re- garded. The birth of Amos fS. Kieider occurred on the 6th of May, 1845, in Pequea Township, within whose boundaries almost all of his life has been spent. He remained under the parental roof until about twenty years of age, assisting in the work of the farm, and during the winter seasons he attended the common schools of the locality. When he was married, about 1865, he took charge 280 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. of the home farm for himself and has since that time been industnouslv ensjasjed in its cultivation and improvement. The farm, which is one of the best in this region, is very fertile and everything about the place is kept up in good shape, bespeak- ing the care and labor of the thrifty owner. In the homestead there are about eighty acres, which are well adapted for puri)Oses of general farming and stock-raising. Mr. Kreider has one child, a daughter, Annie W. In his political belief Mr. Kreider is a Republican and in all public affairs is found on the side of ad- vancement and progress. By means of extensive reading he has become well posted on current af- fairs and matters of interest and is an entertaining conversationalist. His business raetliods are strictly honorable and upright in every particular, and for that reason, and because of his uniform courtesy and friendliness, his neighbors are always his well- wishers. ' — ^ mc^ — • JOHN M. KEIPER is one of the most liberal supporters of new enterprises in Lancaster, and is a raetnbei of the firm of J. M. Keiper & Hertzler. who conduct a large and lucrative business, being dealers in furniture and upholstery. A native of Dauphin Countj', he was born in Derry Township, October 14, 1831, his parents being Samuel and Anna (Moore) Keiper. His paternal grandfather, whose Christian name was Jacob, lived in the earl}' part of his life in Reanistown, Lancaster County, that place being his home dur- ing his entire life. He was a cooper by trade and became quite well-to-do. He was a patriot of the War of 1812, and in religion held to the faith of the Reformed Church. He married a Miss Meyers, whose family were among the pioneers of this county, but later emigrated to the west. This worthy couple became the parents of six ciiildren: Samuel, .John, .Joseiih, Benjamin, Sallie A. and Pollie. The eldest member of the family, Samuel, was born near Reamstown, Lancaster County, and was a man of ordinary education. On arriving at mature years he engaged in blacksmith work and afterward became a drover, at which time his home was in Dauphin County, where most of his chil- dren were born. He was married in 15erry Town- ship when about twenty-one 3'ears of age, and had six children by that union, namel\': .John, Susan; Lizzie, Fannie and .Jacob, who died in childhood; and Samuel, a resident of Alleulown, Pa. The latter is a manufacturer of powder and dynamite, having a large and |)aying trade in those products. Susan became the wife of Benjamin Booser and lived for many years on the old homestead, in Daupliin {'oiiiity. The father of these children for a number of 3ears was engaged in taking cattle from western points to the Philadelpiua market, and hiseldest son, our subject, on several occasions walked with him from Ohio to the (Quaker City. In politics the senior Mr. Keiper was a Republican, and before the organization of that party was an old line Whig, having taken a very interested part in elections and having held a number of township offices. For a long time he was a Deacon in the Reformed Church and bore a reputation for honor and integrit}'. His death occurred in October, 1883, at the age of seventy-five j-ears, while his wife, who survived him until March 1, 1888, was in her eighty-fourth year at the time of her de- raise. J. M. Keiper received a district school education in Dauphin Count}', where the}' had only a four months' term during the year, but he made the best of such opportunities as were within his reach, and when quite young secured a certificate, after which he taught for a period of four j'ears. At this time he had only attained his majority and his next venture was to engage in the manufacture of hay rakes in Dauphin County. Later selling out his business he invested money in oil lands, during the great excitement over that product, and was interested in that line for about four years. Subsequently he returned to Dauphin County, again turning liis attention to the making of hay rakes, and met with an unfortunate accident, being crippled by a severe cut in the leg while working at his trade. After that our subject be- came a salesman, selling farm implements, and for PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 283 two years engaged in taking orders for sewing machines. November 20, 18fi9, ]Mr. Keiix-r came to Lan- caster, continuing in the sewing maciiine business, and afterward launciied into the furniture trade, in whicli lie lias licen very successful, .\hout IH'.td he took into partnership his son-in-law, Mr. Ilertz- ler, and their business has constantly increased up to the present time. Our subject is one of the stockholders in the Champion Forge and Blower Company at Lancaster, and has also interests in va- rious industries of this city and k>tality. April 12, 1853, Mr. Keiper wedded Nancy, daughter of .John Brinser, and four children graced this union, namely: Sarah Ann, wife of Harvey Ilcrtzler, who is a partner with our subject; Lin- ueus B., a traveling salesman for the Champion Forge and Blower Company; Albert, who died at the age of three months, and Henry B., President of the Champion Forge and Blower Company. The devoted wife and mother was callad to her final rest .September 2, 1890, being in her fift^'-fifth year. The family number many sincere friends and acquaintances in the community where they make their home, and Mr. Keiper's inlluence is often solicited in the promotion of leading move- ments which have in view the u|)building of the city. • # P • . iy^ DAM PONTZ. Among the enterprising j — \ and successful business men of Lancaster is this gentleman, who is popular in all circles where he is known. He is one of the vete- rans of the late Civil conflict, having a war record of which he may well be proud, as he served faith- fully for four years and three months in the de- fense of the Stars and .Stripes, and took part in many of the important battles of the war. He is a stanch Republican, having supported the partj' since arriving at his majority. A native of Lancaster, the birth of our subject occurred July 6, 1840, his parents being George and Elizabeth (Muscatuus) Pontz, whose history 10 is given in that of his elder brother, Jacob, which may be found elsewhere in this volume. Adam Pontz was reared in this city, where lie attended the common schools, but was only eleven 3-ears old when he began working in a brick yard. Later for a few years he was employed in a cotton mill, and then, the War of the Rebellion coining on, he enlisted in Company' K, .Seventy-seventh Regiment of Pennsylvaiiin \'ohinteers, and was mustered into service at Pittsburg. As one of the soldiers of the Army of the West he was in the battles of Shiioh, Stone River, Chickamauga, Chattanooga and others, after which he returned home on a thirty days' furlough, rejoining his regiment at Blue Springs, Tenn. From there until ronching Atlanta he was with his regiment in numerous engagements and encounters with the enemy, and then fell back to Nashville, from which city he was sent to Texas to be placed on guard dut}'. In December, 1865, he received an honorable discharge at Victory, Tex., and was mustered out at Philadelphia on the 16th of the following January. He had never been off dut}' up to the time he arrived in Texas, where he w.as for a few weeks in the lios|)ital with a fever. Though he had many narrow escapes he was never captured nor wounded. Enlisting .as a private, he was promoted to the rank of Corporal, then Ser- geant, and w.as mustered out as Orderly Sergeant. Until the fall of 1867 Adam Pontz worked in the brick yard for Fred Coonley,and then in part- nership with George Singleton bought out his inter- est. A year later the latter's portion was bought by our subject's brother Jacob, and the firm became A. Pontz k Bro. They continued this connection until 1885, when they dissolveil partnersliip, each taking the management of one of the brick yards, which the}' owned in common. There are nearly nine acres in the one which oiir subject operates, and the three kilns have a capacity of about four million brick per annum, part of this being made by machine!-}' and the rest arc hand pressed. There are large sheds for storing and drying, and a thirty-five horse-power engine. The clay which is used is of a very superior quality, and during the busy season about forty hands are employed to carry on the work. In 1868 Mr. Pontz wedded Susan Shay, who 284 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. was born and reared in this city. She is the daughter of Michael Siiay, who was formerly also engaged in the manufacture of brick. Mr. and Mrs. Pontz have become the parents of six chil- dren: William H., a brickmaker; Frederick, who is a carpenter; Walter, a painter by trade; Gertie; Bessie and Philip S. Mrs. Pontz is a member of the Church of God, and presides over her pleasant home with grace and hospitality. For some years our sul:)ject li.as been investing quite extensively in real estate, and in conipan}' with iiis brother .Jacob has built tiftecn residences. He also owns his home at No. 768 Plast Ciiestnut Street, and four .acres of land within the city limits. He is now erecting a substantial brick residence in the eastern part of the city, and is doing a good share of the improvement and upbuilding of Lancas- ter. Though not at present connected willi the so- cieties, he was formerly an Odd Fellow and a Knight Templar, but still holds membership with Admiral Reynolds Post No. 405, G. A. K. -^ &M mm' T7> DWARD C. HALL is proprietor of the r^ O Delmonico Hotel, which is noted for liav- ing the finest bar room in the city, it hav- ing been equipped at a cost of over $6,000 and its location being very central, at No. 13^ Penn Square. Mr. Hall also instructs select classes in dancing, being the only master of this science in Lancaster. Born in Str.asburg, Lancaster County, September 1, 1855, Mr. Hall is a son of A. Carpenter and Eliz- abeth (Train) Hall, both likewise natives of this county. The paternal grandfather, Isaac Hall, was born in Chester County, Pa., and was a miller by trade, being for years proprietor of Mussleman's Mill. He w.as of English descent and comes of an old Quaker family, his father having emigrated from England to become a pioneer of Chester Coun- ty. Isaac Hall participated in the War of 1812, and led a life of industry and usefulness, his deatii oc- curring in Strasburg at the age of seventy-one years. A. C. Hall followed the sanoe calling as his father and carried on the old mill for a number of years. In August, 1861, he enlisted in the War of the Rebellion, being a member of Company K, Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania Infantry, and with them taking part in many battles, being a part of the Army of the Cumberland. He served faith- fully until .January, 1865, when he returned liome, but did not resume his milling on account of poor health. Locating in Lancaster, he made this city his home until his death, in 1884, at the age of seventy-one years. He was a very patriotic man, and at the time of his enlistment was over the re- quired age, as his ^ears entitled him to exemi)tion from dut}', and in politics he voted withtiie Dem- ocratic part3\ His wife, who is of English descent, is still living in this city, and eight of their nine children yet survive, three being residents of Can- ton, Ohio, and the others living in this city. Edward C. Hall passed his first few years in the city of his nativity, but since 1861 has been al- most continuously a resident of Lancaster. His educational advantages were those of the public schools, and on becoming of suitable age he entered the employ of the Conestoga Cork Works on Lo- cust Street. On becoming proficient in the manu- facture of corks he was made foreman of the works of G. W. Dodge & Son, serving in that capacity for about eight years. In 1882 he formed a part- nership with W. J. and Gideon Arnold, and bought out the Cadwell Conestoga Cork Works, which were destroyed by fire. The firm removed then to Fulton and Lime Streets, where they built up the present Conestoga Cork Works, and about a year later Mr. Hall sold out his interest, afterward re- turning to the Lancaster Cork Works as foreman until the concern failed, April 18, 1885. Subsequently our subject became proprietor of the Schiller House on North Queen Street, and operated the same for three years, after which he purchased the Delmonico Hotel, and has since car- ried this on. It has been greatly remodeled and improved, being one of the best hotels in the city. In this building there is a good hall, which is very PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPIITCAL lU-XORD. 285 useful for dances, and in October, 1878, the Pro- fessor opened the first dancing school in the cit^', and has continued in this line more or less ever since. The marriage of Mr. Hall and Miss Sarah M. N Afflebach was celebrated in this city August 4, 1875. The lady was born in Lancaster, and is the daughter of Daniel and Susan AfHebach,the former being a brick manufacturer by occupation. The four children of our subject and his wife are, Mabel, who is attending the high school, being a . member of the Class of ''Jo; Charles, Walter and Raeh. The parents are members of the (Jrace Lutheran Church, and are active in social affairs. Mr. Hall belongs to the Junior Order of American Mechanics, to the Kniglit-s of Pythias, .\rtisans and Elks. Politically he stands by the men and measures advocated by the Democratic party. -^ JOHN OCHS, uf Lancaster, is engaged in busi- ness at No. 366 South Queen Street, a hand- some l)uildiiig of brick, which was erected b}' him. This building is three stories in height, is 30x36 feet in dimensions, with an annex 16x31 feet and three stories in height. Here .Mr. Ochs runs a grocery, flour and feed business, and has succeeded in building up a fine trade. In many of the local affairs of the city he takes a prominent part, and is justly considered one of the leading business men within her borders. Mr. Ochs was born September 19, 1832, at Wur- temberg, Germany, being a son of JIartin and Lucia (Housman) Ochs. The former was a na- tive of the same locality', and learned the trade of making nails, which business he followed during most of his life. He was a member of the Luth- eran Church, in the faith of which he died iu 1846, aged fift\-nine years. His wife departed this life in 1850, being then in her sixty-first year, as her birth occurred in 1790. By her marriage she be- came the mother of seven children: Gottlieb, who died in Germany; Elias, who emigrated to this country and followed his trade in the iron works of this city; Christian, whose death occurred in the Fatherland; Frederick, a tanner bj' trade, who passed his life in Wurtemberg; .loanna. .lolin and Margaret. In the excellent national schools of Germany, our subject was a student until about fourteen years of age, when he commenced serving an ap- |)rentlceship which covered three and a-half years. The calling which he then learned and followed was that of making combs. In 1854 he left his native land, and after his arrival in the United Slates, was for a short time a resident of Lancas- ter. Afterward he worked on farms in diffei'cnt places while he learned the Knglish language, and in 1856 permanently settled in this city. For some two years he worked in Graham's Comb Fac- tory, and then started in business for himself as a flour and feed dealer on South C^neeii Street, con- tinuing there until 1874, when he purchased the property where his plant is now situated. lie em- ployes two men and runs a deliver^' wagon con- stantly in order to supply his customers. For two terms Mr. Ochs served as a member of the City .School Board, and has ahva3S been greatly- interested in educational affairs. He is liberal on the question of politics, though he favors the De- mocracy, and was for one lerm a member of the Common Council. In the Citizens' Electric Light Company he holds considerable stock, and is like- wise interested in the Street Railway, and is one of the Directors of the Maennerchor Hall Associa- tion. Fraternally he is identilicid with Matamora Lodge No. 2, Order of Red Men, having passed through all the chairs; belongs to Monterey Lodge No. 242, 1. O. O. F.; to Lamberton Lodge No. 476, F. ife A. M., and to the Order of the Seven AVise Men. For a period of ten years Mr. Ochs was Secre- tary of the St. Stephen's German Lutheran Church, and is President of the Vestrymen. May 11. 1856, was celebrated his marriage to Jliss Christiana Hilzler, and of their union were born the follow- ing children: Catherine, wife of Jacob F. Koutz; 286 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Charles E., a salesman in Pittsburg; Elizabeth, Mrs. Adam Knhlman, the latter being a blacksniitli re- siding at the home of our subject; John, deceased; Christian P., in the employ of the Adams Express Company of this city; John; Emma, whose death occurred at the age of two years, and Anna A. Mr. Ochs is a man of true worth, and is much re- spected by those who have the pleasure of his ac- quaintance. He has acquired his fortune and influence in the community by his native charac- teristics of industry and perseverance in whatever he undertakes. -4-+|-=^^=f-i-4— JOHN F. PONTZ, formerly occupying the re- sponsible position of Superintendent of the Water Works in Lancaster, is carr3'ing on a profitable business as a contractor, painter and decorator, having a well equipped establish- . ment and commanding the larger portion of the trade in the city. Our subject was born in this city February 4, 1862, and is the son of George Pontz, also a na- tive of Lancaster and in turn the son of Jacob Pontz. The father of our subject was a painter by occupation and during the late war, in 1864, enlisted as a member of Company K, Seventy- seventh Pennsylvania Infantry. He served until the establishment of peace, after which he returned home and took up his trade, haying his shops lo- cated on West King and Mulberry Streets. In 1879 he removed to the location now occupied bv our subject, where he carried on business until his decease, October 28, 1890, at the age of fifty-five years. He was a thorough musician, and although making a specialty of campaign music, also sang in the Lutheran choir. The maiden name of our subject's motlier was Amanda C. King. She likewise was born in this city and was the daughter of John King, a boot and slioe maker. Jlrs. Pontz is now deceased, pass- ing away April 14, 1893, and leaving three sons, of whom our subject is the eldest. He was educa- ted in tlie public schools, and in 1877, when the time came for him to choose a calling in life, he be- gan learning the trade of ajiainter and has reached the top round of the ladder in this branch of work. In 1890 he became the proprietor of the White Horse Hotel, which he oiJerated for only a few months, and on the death of his father he sold out and took charge of the paint shops. Since that time he has completed the paintingaud decorating on the new court house, Lutheran Church, City Ilall, besides numerous other public buildings. In 1892 Mr. Pontz was appointed by the City Council as Superintendent of the water works, and while holding that position put in new pumps and made other necessary improvements. The lady whom he married December 25, 1881, was Miss Clara J. Shaw, a native of Montgomery Coun- ty, this state. By her union with our subject there have been born two daughters, Elizabeth and C'leo. Socially Mr. Pontz is a Kniglit of Pythias, be- longing to Lodge No. 88, and also is connected with the Slatemaster Painters' Association. Like his father before him, he belongs to the Lutheran and Germania societies. In politics he is a believer in Democratic i)rinciples and has represented his party on various occasions to county and state conventions. For a number of years he was a member of the volunteer fire company and during that time was delegate to the firemen'sconvention. He is very prominent in local affairs and was the first President of the local Painters' Association in Lancaster. r~y- EORGE H. DARMSTAETTER, who has VT[ with efficient ability occupied various offi- cial positions of trust in his present local- ity, is well known and highly respected through- out the community. He is of German birth, having been born in Hesse-Darmstadt, October 4, 1827, and is a son of George and Mary E. (Loefler) Darmstaetter. The parents of our subject were married in Germany. 'lo them were born seven rORrRAIT AND BIOGRAPIDCAL RECORD. 2H7 children, as follows: Anna Marv; Mary C, who mar- ried :tiid (.-nnic to llii:jCoiintrv and died in Illinois; Kva Mary, who was killed on a canal boat near lUiffalo, N. Y.; George 11., our subject; Majjdaline, who also passed away in Illinois; Hev. J. Adam, a minister of the Lutheran Church at Columbia, Pa.; and Klizabeth, wife of .John 15. Diger (deceased), a resident of Ilarrisburg, Pa. The father of our subject was u hotel keeper in Germany, and was also a butcher by trade. He served as a soldier in Napoleon's War for two years, taking part in several hard fought battles, lie was born January 24, 17'J1, and departed this life .laiuiary 2(1. 1810, at the age of forty-nine yeai"S. The mother was born February 20, IT'J'.t, and passed away March 13, 1863, at the age of sixty-four, in Lancaster. Our subject emigrated to this country in 1848, accompanied by his mother, and landecl in New York City .September 14 of the same year. He came direct to Lancaster, arriving in this city on his birthday, ainl for forty-six years he has made his home here. Mi. Darmstaetter w.as united in marriage March 21, 18;jtt, witii Miss .Iiilia Drei)perd, and to them were born three children, namely: (Jeorgc II. (deceased). Mar}' Elizabeth and Anna C. Mi's. Darmstaetter was called away to her final rest April 19, 18.56, at the .age of thirty-four years. Our subject was married the secoiid time February 1, 1864, to Miss Barbara C. Beck, and the result of this union was ten children, Magdalene, John Adam, Katie, Louie, Emma, Dorothy, Marie, John George, Anna Mary, and M.irtin Luther. John Adam, Dorothy, Marie and John George died when young. Politically Mr. Darmstaetter is a stanch Demo- crat, taking an active [lart in politics. He is a mem- ber of the German Lutheran Church and has served as a Vestryman for over thirty j'ears. For six j'ears he served as Common Councilman, and as Select Councilman for one term, refusing re-elec- tion. He always took an active p.art in all ques- tions coming before the council and is well posted in the issues of the day. He represented the .Southeast Waid when there were but four wards in the town, and afterward the Seventh Ward. In 1882 he was elected a member of the School Board, and is now serving his fifth term satisfactorily to r.ll. He is a candidate at the present time for Jury Commissioner of Lancaster. He is a progres- sive and public-spirited citizen, ever ready to do his full share in matters of public welfare, and is numbered among the leading men of Lancaster County. ^E JOSEPH B. MrCA.SKEY., D. I). .S., is one of the oldest dentists engaged in pr.acticc in Lancaster, having learned his profession in this city, and having had his present ollice since 1864. He is skilled and has the reputation of being one of the finest dentists in the state, making a specialty of crowu and bridge work, in which he is particularly advanced. His eldest son, Harry, and his son Joseph B., Jr., are, like their father, men tif experience, and are now in business with him. Dr. McCaskcy was born in Leacock Township, Lancaster Country, in 1839, being the second son of William McCaskey, who owned and operated a farm in that township. Our subject's brother. Prof. J. P., is represented elsewhere in this volume and is also a man of wide reading and a noted citi- zen of this county. The boyhood of our subject was passed on his father's farm, and in 1843 he came to this city, where he secured a good educa- tion in the common and high schools. About 1854 he first turned his attention to dentistry, studying with Dr. Whiteside, one of the pioneer dentists of this city. About 1861 our subject be- gan practicing for himself in Hanover, York Coun- ty, and three years later permanently located in this city, opening his office at No. 11 East King .Street, which has since been his headquarters. His whole time has been devoted to practice and he has neglected no study or efiforl that would place him in the front rank of his profession. He is Pastmaster of Dental Surgery and crown and bridge work, in which great advancement li.as been made of late years. The former method of extracting a 288 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. number of sound teeth and resorting to the old fashioned plate is now largely abandoned, as the plates were so unsatisfactory and so evidently false. Providing two or three good sound roots are left in the jaw of the patient, modern dentistry has proved tliat they can be so utilized as to form a secure foundation for teeth set upon a bridge, and in one method or another, according to cir- cumstances, attached to the aforesaid roots. There are many methods in use among dentists, and some- times it is found that one and sometimes another process is best suited for a given case, and in this, good judgment, skill and experience on the part of the dentist are absolutely necessary in order to secure the best results. In 1857 Dr. McCaskey married Miss Fannie Connell, who was born in Lancaster, and they have three children: Harr^-, Joseph B., .Jr., and Clothilda. The home of the family is pleasantly situated at No. 320 North Duke Street. The young men have received the best of practical training from their boyhood in the office of their father and are perfectly competent in their profession. Joseph graduated in the Class of '90, from the Philadel- phia Dental College. In politics the Doctor and his sons use their votes and influence in the sup- port of the Republican party. '5**f'5*4't: f)****] -< "\ SJLLIAM A. HALBACH has one of Y;' Y: ^^'^ ^^^^ equipped general job print- ing offices in Lancaster, and numbers among his patrons the leading business men, and also does the city printing. He has been blessed with prosperity of late years in his business vent- ures and employs good workmen, who are thor- oughly familiar with the finest class of trade print- ing. Our subject is a son of Henry G. and Sarah (Weidle) Halbach, and was born March 9, 1862, in Lancaster. The father, also a native of this place, learned the shoemaker's trade, which he followed 'exclusively during his active career. He was a member of the Knights of Pythias and was an Odd Fellow. Politically he voted with the Democracy, and in his religious faith held membersliip with the Trinity Lutheran Church, taking ((uite an active part in the various lines of its work. In his family were three children, William A. being the eldest. Mary A. is the wife of Milton Weidle, a Teller in the First National Bank of this city. Grace is the wife of Grant Mentzer, who is in charge of the dry-goods department of the firm of Williamson & Foster, of Lancaster. The father departed this life in 1872, aged thirty-four years, but liis wife is still living. The educational privileges of our subject were those afforded by the grammar and high schools of Lancaster. He had almost finished his high school course wlu'ii his father's death occurred, and as he was the only son he was obliged to seek emiiloymcnl in order to assist in the support of the family. To that end he began an apprentice- ship as a printer with the New Era, remaining there for four years, and then serving as a journeyman for another year. Completely mastering the details of the trade, and being very industrious and economical, young Halbach saved enough money to start in business on his own account in a very modest way. There- fore, in 1882 we find him embarking on his busi- ness career at No. 5 North Duke Street, where he engaged in job printing work, published the Week- ly Ledger, Market Directory and other similar sheets. On his removal to No. 41 East King Street his business continually increased until, in order to meet the demand, he was obliged to se- cure larger quarters on Grant Street. For two years h« was a member of the firm of Halbach & Lefever, but bought out his partner Snd continued the business alone on Grant Street until 1887, at which time he rented the Lancaster Skating Rink, which he operated and fitted up for a variety show. At the end of a year and a-half, this prov- ing a complete failure and his losses having amounted to 86,000, he returned to his former oc- cupation, and in 1889 came to where he is now situated, at No. 44 East King Street. Here may be found improved presses, many varieties of type PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 289 and everything necessary in conducting a ftrst- flass joli printing business, and einploynient is j.Mven III nine i-tinipositors. Mr. ll.slbacli is a DenuKjrat and is identified wilii llie Young Men's Democratic Society. Socially-, he lielongs to Lodge No. G8, K. of P.. Monterey Lodge No. 212, I. (). O. F., Can-as-sa-te-gO Tribe, No. 203, Order of Rednien; tlie German Turnvere- in .Social C'luli; the (ierniania Singing Society and llie Schuitzen N'erein. He w.is one of tiie pro- moters of tlie Young Men's Democratic Society Hand. May 11, l«.ss, Mr. llalliacii \v;is united in mar- riage with Miss Emeline T. McCulley and they iiave iiad two sons, Allen II.. wiio died at the age of eight months, and Uohcrt C Mrs. llalbach is the youngest daughter of Uol)ert C. McCulley, a prominent citizen, who is engaged in the foundry business. 1§L /^YRIS W. STRICKLKR for the past four V^y yeai-s has been engaged in carr^'ing on his valuable farm near the village of Creswell. lie is a practical and thorough agriculturist, who in his farm work has met with a fair degree of suc- cess, and of late he has turned his attention to selling leaf tobacco and doing a general manu- facturing business in this line. Since his boyhood Mr. Strickler has been well known in these parts, and the high esteem in which he is held by those who have known him a lifetime is the only com- mendation he needs to a stranger. The birth of C. W. Strickler occurred .June 21, 185.5, on his father's old homestead at Wisler's Run. Ilis jiarents were Obed and Magdalena (Wisler) Strickler. The latter name is of German origin, the paternal great-grandfather of our sub- ject, who bore the Christian name of .Joseph, hav- ing been a native of the Fatherland, and in an early day came to the United States. His son, Josei)h, was born in York County, Pa., where he was reared and |)assed the most of his life. Near York N'illage he built a gristmill, which he oper- ated for a number of years, and afterward farmed near Goldsboro, there owning a place of one hun- dred acres, lie was a Democrat and was a minis- ter of the Dunkard Church. By his marriage with a Miss Lcib he had live sons and two daughters, namely: Rebecca, Obed, Kli, Elizabeth, Ilenr^', Jo- seph and Reuben. On the 31st of 'luly, 1828, oc- curred the birth of the son Obed, the father of Cyrus W. He was reared in Y'ork Count3' to agri- cultural pursuits, which he followed extensively. After his marriage lie removed to this county and became the owner of a farm comprising one hun- dred and forty-five acres in Manor Township, on which he raised tobacco to a large extent. Like his father before him he was a Dunkard, and polit- ically a Democrat. By his first wife, a Miss Mil- ler, he had two sons, John and David, and after her death he married Miss Wisler, whose father, Jacob Wisler, was a well-to-do farmer, owning the place which has now come into possession of our subject. Bj' this union were born four sons and three daughters, C. W., Mary K., Martin, Agnes, Elizabeth, Jacob and Enos W. J.icob died at the age of eight j'ears, and the daughters became the wives of respected citizens of this community. The father departed this life July 15, 1888, when nearly sixty -six j'cars of age, and his wife's death occurred September 17, 1890. Cyrus W., who is the eldest child in his father's family, attended the district schools of Manor Township. and until nineteen ^-ears of age gave his dutiful assistance to his father in carrying on the farm. After his marriage he assumed charge of the Wisler farm, which belonged to his father. This valuable and improved place consists of one hun- dred and fifty-two acres, and for a period extend- ing over sixteen years Mr. Strickler assiduously devoted himself to its proper management. In 1890 he removed to an adjoining farm, having sold the old h^e,and is still living on this place. He helped to elect Cleveland and is a stanch sup- porter of the Democratic party. Socially he is a member of the Artisans' Society of Columbia, and 290 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. in everything pertaining to tlie general good en- deavors to do his share. On the 13th of November, 1872, Mv. Strickler married Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob B. Frey, a well-to-do farmer of Manor Township, who owns property near the village of Creswell. To our subject and his estimable wife were born five sons, namely, Ira F., Aros F., Willis F., Simon F. and Jacob F. :£)#(^ HENRY E. MUHLENBERG, M. D., has for over twenty years been engaged in the practice of his profession. He comes of an old and prominent famil}^ in this state and the name is inseparable from the history of this and adjoining counties. His great-grandfather. Rev. Henry E., was born in Trappe, Montgomery Coun- ty', in 1755, being a son of Rev. Henry Melchoir Muhlenberg, a native of Germany, who received a fine education and became a minister in tiie Luth- eran denomination. He was born September 2, 1711, sailed for America in 1743, and came to Phil- adelphia re-organizing the scattered Lutherans in congregations. He preached in Pennsylvania and New York. He was the head of the church for a number of years, being a pioneer, and in his honor Muhlenberg College at Allentown was founded. His death occurred in 1787, and onl}- three years later his son, Rev. Henry, l:)efore referred to, became a resident of Lancaster, and here his death occur- red in 1815. He was a great botanist and was known as the Linnaius of America. His sou, Dr. Frederick A., the next in line of descent, was born in this city about 1794 and was graduated from the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania as Doctor of Medicine, practicing in Lancaster until shortly before his death in 1867. Our subject's father, whose Christian name was Henry E., was born in 1816 and was the eldest son in his father's family. Like him, he also was grad- uated from the Medical Department of the Uni- versity of Pennsylvania and made Lancaster his field of practice during his active career. For two terms under Grant's administration he was Col- lector of Internal Revenue, but before the second term was completed he was summoned from this life, in July, 1877. He was a leading member of the fraternity in these parts, was active in local enterprises, being a member of the Council and Sciiool Board, and was also one of the founders of the Lancaster Medical Society. Hisvvife, who bore the maiden name of Catherine Cameron, was born iu this cit3', being a daughter of John Cameron, a native of Lancaster County, and a brother of Simon Cameron. The Cameron famil}' is of Scotch descent, and they have long been numbered among the best citizens of this state. Mrs. Muiilenberg departed this life in 1860. She had a family of seven chil- dren. One of these, John C, is a Paymaster in tiie United States army. William was a Lieutenant in the Second Pennsylvania Infantry and died in the service, and Charles E., the youngest living, resides in Kansas. Dr. Muiilenberg, of this article, was born and reared in Lancaster, his primary education being obtained in the common schools. Later it was his privilege to supplement his studies by a course at Yates Institute, after which he began studying medicine with liis father. With this good Ijejjin- ning as a foundation he entered the Medical De- partment of the University of Pennsylvania in 1869, and two years later, on his graduation, re- ceived the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Return- ing to his native city he lias been engaged in prac- tice ever since with the exception of three years, from 1874 to 1877, wiiich time he passed in Boston, New York and Philadelphia in the United States Marine Ilospifcil service. In 1871 he was for a time with tlie preliminary survey of tiie Texas Pacific Railroad. His life has been veiy active, and it IS worthy of mention that three of his family in succession have been engaged in medical prac- tice in this city during the most of this centur}'. In Wilkes Bane, Pa., in 1879, Dr. Muhlenberg married Miss Emma J., daughter of John P. Fell, a leading business man of tiiat city. Tlie Doctor is a Republican, having been connected with that party since its organization. Fraternally he is PORTRAIT AND lilCXiRAJ'HICAL RECORD. 291 connected with the Masonic order, and has served on the Kxainining Ik>ard of Pensions for six years, comprising the term of Artliur's administration and a part of President Clcvehmd's first term. He stands at the liead of Ills profession in this city, numbering nmny of the best and oldest families as bis regular clients.' The Doctor is a man who is thornuglily abreast with the limes, taking the l)est periodicals in the medical world and keeping up his studies regularly, thus in addition to his many years" practice keeping in touch with the leading thought of the times. T~^ LI K. MYLIN isoneof the old settlers and I Cy pros])erous farmers of Pcquea Township, Lancaster County, having his postoflice at Herrville. For over half a century his home has been on the farm where he still resides and of which he is now the owner. His ancestors located at a very earl^' day in this region, coming here with a colony of Mennonites, who have been vcvy instrumental in the development and upbuilding of Lancaster County. Jacob Mylin, the paternal grandfather of our subject, who followed agricultural pursuits, owned and carried on the identical farm which is now in the possession of his grandson, Eli K. He was a Whig prior to the formation of the Republican party, after which he became identified with the latter. He married Elizabeth Miller and their three children were .John, J.acob and Eliza, who died in early childhood. The father of our subject, John Mylin, was born December 25, 1806, in West Lampeter Township, receiving his education in the primitive schools of the da J". From his j-outh he was strongly inclined toward agricultural pursuits, and in turn oper- ated tlie farm wliich now belongs to his son. He married Elizabeth Kendig, and of their union eight children were born, onl^' two of whom survive. Their names in the order of their birth are as follows: Amos, Is.iac, Eli K., Aaron, IMar- tin, Eliza, John and .I.acob. The father of lliese children supported the Whig party by his ballot, and in later years w.as a Republican. Like his fa- ther he was a member of the old Mennonite Church, and had the respect and love of his friends and neighbors for his upright and honorable life. The subject of this article was born May 2, 18.33, on the old homestead, and his life passed uneventfully during his youth. His days were spent in work on the farm and in pl.ay and sport of the country', and until nineteen years of age he pursued his studies in the neighborhood schools. From that time onward he h.as given his energies exclusivel}' to farming. The homestead is a place of about one hundred and ten acres, well e((uippcd with good fences, barns and necessary outbuild- ings. Mr. .Mylin keeps on hand good grades of live stock more than sullicient for his own familj^ use, and has been |)articularly successful in this branch of work. March 20, 1861, was celebrated the marriage of Eli K. Mylin and Miss Martiia Charles, who was born in Pequea Township and there grew to wo- manhood. Twelve children have been born to this couple, eight of the number being boys. In order of their birth thej' are as follows: Lizzie, John, P)enjamin, Frances, Charlie, Jacob, Eli, Ber- tha, Walter, Celia, Henry and Christian. Lizzie, the eldest daughter, became the wife of Isaiah Stay- man, and is a resident of Mt. Joy Township. The eldest son married Mary Grafe, and Frances is mar- ried to Harry Keen. y+*++!= DAVID H. .SHENK,M. D., a prominent phy- sician of Lancaster, is engaged in the prac- tice of his profession in partnership with Dr. M. L. Herr. Our subject is a native of this countj' and was born in East Hempfield, July 20, 1850. His father, Henry Shenk, was born near New Danville, as was also the grandfather, Rev. Henry Shenk, who was a minister and bishop in the 292 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Mennonite Church. ' The Doctor's ancestors sev- eral generations back came from Switzerland and the family name was originally spelled Schenck. Henry Shenk owned the land which is now the site of the zinc and lead mines. The lead and nickel ore on his estate having been discovered, he was offered 175,000 for his farm, but refused to accept the proposition, and organizing a stock compan}^ opened a mine and operated it for some time. He was very successful for a number of years but eventually lost all his property. He then removed to Lancaster, where he engaged in the liquor busi- ness, carrying on a good trade until his decease, in 1852. He was a Whig in politics and took an act- tive part in public affairs. The maiden name of our subject's mother was Annie Barr. She was born on Willow Street, five miles south of Lancaster, and was the daughter of Samuel Barr, a fanner by occupation and of Ger- man descent. The mother died in 1874 leaving seven sons, three of whom now survive. Our sub- jectlived in hisnative place untila lad of fourteen years, then removed with the family to Millersville, and there completed his studies in the normal school. Young Shenk had always desired to lead a pro- fessional life and for two 3'ears he read medicine with Dr. S. T. Davis; at the end of that time he entered the Bellevue Hospital in New York City and after a period of two terms in that institution became a student in Long Island Hospital College, from which he was graduated in 1874 with the de- gree of Doctor of Medicine. He at once located for practice in Rohrerstown, this county, where he remained until 1894. March 15 of that year he came to this city and formed a partnership with Dr. M. L. Herr and they have a tine office located at No. 226 North Duke Street. He makes a spec- ialty of diseases of the nose and throat, and has be- come prominent in professional circles and suc- cessful in his practice. Dr. D. H. Shenk was married in Millersville September 9, 1874, to Miss .Jennie Bones, a native of this county, and to them have been granted two children, Grace and M.C+i^'++*i:*+*++************!''^*>C> JOHN J. BAUSMAN is one of the enterprising and progressive young farmers of Manor Township, his postoJlice being" at Millers- ville. He is a son of one of the pioneer fam- ilies of this localit3% and from boyhood has been reared to an industrious and active life. For the past seven years he has been engaged in cultivat- ing and operating the farm formerl^^ owned by his grandfather. It comprises one hundred and four acres and is one of the most valuable and highly improved farms of the township. The subject of this biography was born October 12, 1859, in Lancaster Township, of this county. His parents, Henry and Barbara (Brennraan) I5aus- man, were born in this county and are still living, though well along in years, on the farm cultivated b}' the father during his entire active life, it being advantageously situated in Lancaster Township. The boyhood days of John J. passed uneventfully, his time being spent partly in giving such assist- ance as he could in the work of the farm, and the remainder being devoted to tlie pursuit of an edu- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 293 cation. He attended the scliools of the neighbor- liood and alst> those at Millersville. His school life was finished in the Normal, which he left at the age of seventeen years to devote his entire time to the future occupation of his life, that of farming. He remained under the parental roof until attaining his twenty-eighth year, when he was married and removed to this farm, which is owned by his father, and formerly was the property of Andrew liausman. Our subject makes a speci- alty of rsiising tobacco, in which he has been very successful, and is a good general and practical all- ariiund farmer. The marriage of .lohn J. Bausman was celebrated in January, 1887, when Miss Barbara Fry became his wife. She is a lady of excellent educatmn, is a good housekeeper, and is a devoted companion and helpmate to her husband. Her father, John Fry, is a successful agriculturist of Rapho Town- ship. Mr. and Mrs. Bausman are members of the Reformed Church of Millersville, of which the former has been a Deacon for two years. In his political atliliations he adheres to the platform and candidates set forth by the Republican party. r^ EORGE S. NORBECK, one of the success- ^ JJ[ ful business men of Lancaster, is now Al- derman from the Third Ward, having been appointed and commissioned by Governor Palti- son March 20, 1893, to fill the unexpired term of J. K. Barr, deceased. For the past five years he conducted a carriage manufactory, and had a well equipped repository. His temporary headquarters were at Nos. 126 and 128 East King Street, as his factory on Duke and Vine .Streets was burned down. He is now located at No. 144 East King Street, where he has one of the finest saloons in the cit}'. Lewis Norbeck, our subject's father, was bom in Adams County, Pa., and was of German descent. He was engaged in the wholesale grocery trade at the corner of Utah and Franklin Streets, Bal- timore, for a number of years prior to his death, which occurred when he was in his forty-fourth year. He married Lydia C. Little, who was born in the same county, being the daughter of Henry Little, a farmer of Adams County. Mrs. Little was of English ancestry and a member of the Lutheran Church. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Jacob, was born in Gettysburg, and was in the War of 1812. He was in earl^- life a farmer, and later engaged in the grocery trade, his death occurring when he was about three- score and ten years of age. In religious belief he was a Catholic, as was also his son. After her husband's death Mrs. Elizabeth Norbeck went to Gettysburg, and later became the wife of Philip Doerson, a carriage manufacturer. In 1865 he started in business in this city as a member of the firm of Slingerwalt h Doerson. After a few years he bought out his partner and ran the business under his own name, and is now carrying on the carriage business in Gettysburg. His wife died in 1891, in her sixty-ninth year. By her first marriage she became the mother of two sons and two daughtei-s: William A., a carriage trimmer, of Lancaster; George S.; Clara L., Mrs. McElligott, of this city; and Lovina, who married Dr. J. M. Bentz, of Carlisle, Pa. The earl^' 3'ears of George S. Norbeck were passed in Baltimore and Gettysburg, and lie was born in the former place November 10, 1848. In 1857 he went with his mother to Gettysburg, and was partly educated in Mt. St. Mary's College, at Emmetsburg, Md. When the family removed to this citj', in 1855, he came with them, and two years later was apprenticed to learn the carriage trimmer's trade in his step-father's factory. After- ward he traveled for the firm, introducing the Doerson patent fifth wheel, the invention of his step-father. For eighteen months he was on the road and traveled all through the northern, west- ern and eastern states. In October, 1889, Mr. Norbeck started in busi- ness for himself as a carriage manufacturer in this city, and kept twenty-six workmen emploj'ed un- til the fall of 1893, when he closed the factory. He then rented a place at the corner of Duke 294 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. and Mail Streets. Formerly he manufactured sev- enty-five different kinds of vehicles, buggies and carriages. This location he has remodeled and improved extensively, owning the property from King to Mifflin Streets, and was sole agent of the Columhus Buggy Company. His shop has a front- age of thirty-nine feet, and he leases platforms and sheds for storage. December 17, 1871, Mr. Norbeck married Lizzie A., daughter of John Tomlinson, now deceased, who was formerly a contractor for sand and stone. Mrs. Norbeck was born and reared in Lancaster, and by her marriage has become the motiier of one child, David R., who is in business with his father. Mr. Norbeck is now proprietor of Nor- beck Cafe and Hotel, Nos. 144 and 146 East King Street, formerly the Golden Horse Hotel. He be- longs to the Home Building and Loan Associa- tion, and fraternally is identified with the Order of Elks. PATRICK KELLY, who makes his home in Lancaster, is an extensive buyer and ship- per of cattle, and has made a fine success of his ventures in this direction. For over thirty years he has given his exclusive attention to this occupation and is an authority on the subject. A native of the Emerald Isle, he was born in County Derry March 26, 1826, and left the friends and scenes of his youth soon after attaining his major- ity to make his fortunes in the New World. James Kelly, the father of our subject, was, like his son, a native of County Derry, Ireland, where he followed the calling of a farmer until his death, which occurred in April, 1866, at the good old age of seventy-eight years. His wife, Ann (Kelly) Kelly, by her marriage became the motlier of twelve children: Mary, who became the wife of Andrew Kelly; Catherine, Bridget, Ann; Margaret, who is still living in the Old Country; Michael, a former resident of Lancaster, and now deceased; Daniel and John, who are still in Ireland; James, Patrick, Ellen and Isabella. The mother of these children died in November, 1866, when she had reached the allotted age of three-score and ten years. Patrick Kelly received good educational advan- tages in his native land, and continued to make his home with his parents until twenty-two years of age, when, in 1848, he set sail for America alone, and continuing his journej- to Lancaster, arrived in this place on the 1st of June. He soon obtained employment with his uncle, Patrick Kell^^ for whom he was named, who was extensively engaged in buying cattle and in conducting a banking business. With this uncle the j'oung man remained until the death of tlie former, whicii occurred in June, 1861, and after that event he started in on his own account. Going to Ohio, Illinois and other west- ern states, he bought cattle and drove them over- land. Later he turned his attention more exclu- sively to shipping cattle, and has carried on a large business for many years. By means of his indus- try and economy he has made a good living for himself and family, and has laid aside from year to year a goodl3^ sum with whicli to jirovide means for pleasantly passing his declining years. On the 1st of May, 1862, Mr. Kelly was united in marriage witii Miss Julia Gratton, and they are members of the Catholic Ciiurch. Mr. Kelly uses bis right of franchise in favor of the Democratic party and its nominees. At one time his father crossed the Atlantic and made his son a pleasant visit, but subsequentl3- returned to his old home- stead. r EVI II. I O do farr MANN, a progressive and well-to- rmer of Manor Township, is the pro- prietor of a well cultivated farm which comprises two hundred and thirt^'-six acres, and which has been in his possession since 1879. In addition to general farmins: Mr. Mann is inter- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 295 csted in raising horses and fancy grades of live slock and regularly sends the products of his farm U> the markets of Columbia. He is entitled to high pr.iise for what he has accomplished in life, for he has acquired his fortune by close economy and industr\', particularly in his early j'cars. He conies from an old family of this township, as his |)aternal grandfather for long years was one of its inhabitants, and his descendants have ever since been niombers of this cummunity. Harney Mann, the father of our subject, was a son of George S. On arriving at mature years he became the owner of a farm of seventy-live acres in Manor Township, to the cultivation of which he devoted the most of his life. Later he removed to West Hemplield Township, where he operated a place of one hundred and three acres very successfully and attended the markets at Columbia. Politically he was a stanch Democrat and had a high ideal of the duties of citizenship. He was twice married, first to Klizabcth Hei-shey, who died when only twenty-six years of age, leav- ing two sons: Christian, whose death occurred in childhood, and Levi H. liy the second wife, Mary Ann Stoiier, six children were born, namel}': JIary A., Cj'rus, Kmily, Amanda, Barbara and Christian. The father was called from his lalors in 1889, aged seventy-six years. The birth of Levi H. Mann occurred .September 25, 1835, in ^lanor Township, and in boyhood at- tended the schools of the neighborhood until six- teen yeai-s of age. His mother died when he was only two years old, and he w.as early placed among strangers, where he had to work his way in order to obtain a livelihood. When fourteen years old he returned to his father's roof and remained there for three years, assisting in farm work. Then under Barney Stoner he served an appren- ticeship as a carpenter, but that calling not being entirely to his taste, he took a position with a farmer b^' which he earned ^400 in the three years. By close econom3' during the three years he re- mained there he saved *250, which amount was the nucleus of his fortune. Returning to his fa- ther's home he then made that his pl.ice of abode until his marriage, at the age of twenty-eight years, when he rented a house and for the succeeding two years engaged in tobacco-growing, and subse- quently operated the farm of his father-in-law in Manor Township for a ))eriod of thirteen years, running it on shares. Hi 1878 he became the owner of the farm on which he is now living, and in the following year bought two hundred and thirty-six acres of land, one hundred and seventy- five of which are now cleared and under cultiva- tion. In 1860 Mr. Mann wedded Anna, daughter of Bernard Mann, an agriculturist. To our subject and his wife were born seven children: JIattie, Anna. Etlie, Agnes, Franklin H., and Kdilii and Emily, twins. The family are members of the Evangelical Ciiurch of Creswell, of which Mr Mann is a Trustee. With his ballot he supports the men and measures of the Democratic party. t in his class in the IV'nnsyivania State College. John S. Breneman was born September 22, 1844, in Lancaster, and received his education in the St. .lames' Parish School and I'rofessor Yates' Institute, after which he took a course in the Franklin and Mai-shall College, but when be was in the Sojibo- more year, the college .was suspended on account of the war, and the young man went to the west. Returning, he embarked in the coal business in 1866 at this place, and lias since been in that line of trade, in addition to the real-estate and pen- sion business, lie is active in the support of the Republican party, but is not desirous of public ollice, nor is he a politician, but does what he can toward getting good and clean representatives and honest elections. During the war he was a member of the Union League, and served in the Tenth and Forty -seventh Pennsylvania .Militia, and the One Hundred and Nincly-tiflh Pennsylvania Infantry. The family to which he belongs have all been Episcopalians, very conscientious and up- right in all their dealings with their fellow-men. From the archives of the Reigart family, to which the mother of our subject belonged, we find that one of her ancestors on the paternal side, Ulrich, emigrated from Germany in 1738, his birth hav- ing occurred in 1693. He brought with him his wife, a native of the same province, and they lo- cated in an old house on South Queen Street, Lan- caster. His wife, Anna, who was born in 1701, was a daughter of Abram Merkel, a weaver and prominent citizen. She was married in her twciily- lirst year, and of her union four sons and five daughters were born. Her death occurred Octo- ber 30, 1768, at the age of sixty-seven years, wiiile the husband departed this life March 16, 1766, in his seventy-second year. Their second son, Adam, married Catherine Yeiscr, A]>ril 7,1763. To them were born the following ehildren: .lohn,born Feb- ruary 3, 1764; Adam, .Taiiuaiy 17, 1765; Anna Mary, .luly 6, 1767; Emanuel, July 28, 1769; Elizabeth. September 8, 1771; Thoin.a-S, May 10, 1774; and Catherine, January 28, 1779. The mother of tiiese children ilied in May, 1789, and the husband married for his second wife Susannah Franks. He w.is called from this life July 17, 1813. His son Adam had nine children: Eliza, Anna, Henrietta, Susannah, Pliilii) W., Margaret, Sarah, Eliza and Susan. Adam Reigart, Jr., died May 10, 1844. Henry M., who was the father of Anna, the mother of our subject, was the son of Emanuel, the son of Adam, who was veiy promi- nent in the Revolutionary War. 'H* HIESTAND FREY is a descendant of one of the worthy pioneer families of Lancaster Country vvho have been the founders of its present prosperity and development. lie owns a good farm comprising one hundred and twenty acres which is nearly all well improved, and which is located in Manor Township. In addition to general farming, he makes a specially of growing tobacco; and also raises stock, breeding line grades of horses. He is the son of Fred and Eveline (Hiestand) Frey, his birth having occurred July 3. 1873. The paternal great-grandfather of our subject, who bore the Christian name of Jacob, was a na- tive of Manor Township, and followed farming pursuits. His son, the grandfather of H. Frey, also 306 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPIUCAL RECORD. can-ied on a farm in Manor Township; lie was first a Whig, and later a Republican. His eldest son was Jacob, and the second in order of birth was Fred, the father of our subject. The latter was born in 1826, in the place where his son Fred B. now lives, and received a common-school education. Being early inured to farm life, he adopted that calling for his Qwn, and at one time owned three improved farms, aggregating six hundred acres, in addition to which he possessed other real-estate properties in Manor Township. He was very suc- cessful, being one of the most prosperous farmers in the county, and during the existence of the Safe Harbor Iron "Works had a number of teams employed there. In politics he was a Republican, and stood well in the estimation of all. A mem- ber of the River Brethren Church, he endeavored to do the right at all times anancaster and neighboring counties over a wide range of territory. His labors told upon his health in la- ter years, for he lias always been a close student in his profession and has kept actively in touch with all the improvements and discoveries in his line. The Doctor is a son of Peter and Klizabeth (Wis- ler) Hiestand, and was born Deccuiber 15, 1831, near Millersville, in Manor Township. The fam- ily to which he belongs is of German descent, his ancestors having come to this county from Wittenberg, sailing from Rotterdam on the ship "Britania" in 1731, and arriving in Philadelphia, whence tliey proceeded to this county. John, the great-grandfather of the Doctor, was one of the pioneer settlers and farmers of Manor Township, and his son Peter was a preacher in the Dunkard Church. He was born in 1776, and died at the age of seventy-two years. A successful business man, he owned a fulling-mill and also conducted a farm, his home being on the Blue Rock Road in Manor Township. His wife, Annie (Lintner) Hie- stand, was born in 1772, and they had five children: Peter, Fann^^ Daniel, Anna and Henry. Fanny became the wife of John Stchinan, and Anna the wife of John Fritz, after whose death she married William DeWitt. Peter, the father of our subject, was boi-n Au- gust 17, 1791, and died January 8, 18.54, having spent his entire life in Manor Township. His wife, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 307 Elizabeth, daugliter of Jacob Wissler, of llic same township, was l)oin October 20, 1793, and died .laiuiary 8, lUdS. Hy lier niarriajjc she becjime the mother of the following ciiildren: Jacob; Fannie, wife of Robert Kvans; Kli/.abetii, JIi-s. Abrani Lan- dis; Catherine, wife of Henry Fory; Ann, Mi's. Christian Witmer; John, Henry, Dr. Peter W., Benjamin and Kvaline Frey. The subject of this sketch was born on the old homestead in Manor Township, where he remained until attaining tiie age of eighteen years. He then began an apprenticeship to the coach making busi- ness witii his brother .lolin, and subsequently learn- ed and worked at pattern-making. In the mean- time he emi)loyed his leisure moments in the study of ' EORGE M. MYERS is the accommodating \^^ and very popular proprietor of the Relay House, at the corner of Prince and Wal- nut Streets, Lancaster. This hostelry is well kept up, and for its moderate price and numerous ad- vantages is one of the best to be found in the city. The manager has been running the same about three years, but during this short time has made a host of friends among his customers, who always return to the place of his hospitality whenever circumstances permit. Mr. Myers was born in Plicenixville, Pa., March 22, 1859, and his father, Rodger Myers, was born in Lancaster in 1831. The paternal grandfather, whose given name was Mathias, was likewise a na- tive of this cit3', and followed his trade as a lock- smith on Noith Prince Street. During the .Semi- nole and Florida War, he went into the service with Captain Downing. His death occurred at the age of forty-five years, and he was to the last a faithful member of the Reformed Church. His wife, Ann Maria, a native of Lancaster, was the 308 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD daughter of George Roth, who in former .years ran a hotel on the site of the Kela3' House. Rodger Myers was a brick layer hy occupation and a con- tractor, later becoming a furnace builder. For fif- teen and a-half years he resided at Plirenixviile, where he had cliarge of the furnace department, and after his return to this city was manager of the furnaces of the Lancaster Manufacturing Com- pany, which he erected on the same plan as those of the Pennsylvania Iron Companj-. After a cer- tain length of time he left that occupation and re- turned to his contract and building work, being still in that calling. His wife, who was before lier marriage Mary Hard}', was born in Lebanon, and was reared in Reading. She became the mother of seven children, six of whom are living, and was called from this life in 1886. George M. Myers, who was the eldest child of his parents, was reared in Phoenixville, and was given good public and higli school advantages. He came to this place in 1871, and in his early youth spent some time in the tobacco business. At the age of nineteen he was apprenticed to tlie brick layer's trade, learuingalso furnace and liouse building. Going to Long Branch, he did consid- erable work in that locality in partnership with another man, and built the Monmouth Park race course, which has the finest track in the world. Later he became foreman of brick work on bridges o and arches on the Trenton cutoflf of the Pennsyl- vania Railroad. Prior to this, however, he had been for two years a Patrolman of the police force under Mayor Edgerly, of Lancaster. In Novem- ber, 1891, he became proprietor of tiie Relay- House, and is still engaged in running this popular hotel. There are seventeen rooms, and the terms are only $1.50 per day. Everything is kept up in good shape and in a neat, clean and homelike manner. March 23, 1886, Mr. Myers was married in this city to Miss Ida Broom, who was born in Phila- delphia, and was reared to womanhood in Lancas- ter. Her father, William Broom , who was a plaster- er, was in the Civil W*r for three years, and is now deceased. For six years Mr. Myers was the Treas- urer and Corresponding Secretary in the Brick Layers Union, Lancaster Branch, and is a member of tlie Artisans Assembly No. 27. Fraternally he is identified with the Odd Fellows, Lodge No. 88, K. of P., of Inland City and the Uniformed Rank K. of P., No. 7. Politically liis sympathies and votes go in favor of the Republican party. OC4-»'H-i"H"H"H"i'l3F»'i''^^'*'8"i'»»'8''8''i'>0 mfortal)le residence. In December, 18 41, Mr. McCallister was united in marriage with Fannie Hess, who was born in this neigliborhood, and by this union a family of eight children, four sons and four daughters, has been born. In the order of their birth they are named as follows: Jacob, Isaac; Barbara, Mrs. Dver- holtzer; Mary, Mrs. Mann; John; Lizzie, who died in childhood; Amos and Susan. Like his father before him, Mr. McC'allister sup- ports by his ballot the Republican party. Like all true patriots he is interested in educational affairs, and believes in giving the best possible advantages to the children of the rising generation. For four terms he served as a School Director in Conestoga Township, and in that capacity used his best en- deavors to secure well equijjped schools and com- petent teachers. In religious belief he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. His life is molded on the precepts of the Bible, and he tries to do his duty b^- his fellow-men. JAC( )R LEONARD SPRIOEL, one of the young and enterprising business men of Lancaster, has a good location at Nos. 301 and 303 North Lime Street, where he established himself in 1890. Though his business career covei-s scarcely more than five or six 3'ears, he has already shown unusual commercial abilitj', and is making a good success of his large confectionery business. He gives emplo_vment to upwards of ten persons con- stantly, and his trade is rapidly increasing. The parents of our subject are John and .Sarah Jane (Simpkins) Sprigel, and at the time of his birth, which occurred September 13, 1866, the fam- ily were making their home in Upper Lcacock Township, Lancaster County. The founder of the Sprigel family in this portion of this country was one Michael, who was a native of (iermany, and in his boyhood crossed the Atlantic, settling in New York State near the Pennsylvania line. He learned the trade of weaving near Poughkccpsie, on the Hudson, and followed that calling during his early life in the vicinity of that place. Of his two sons, the elder went to Ohio, where he perma- nently settled, while the younger, Michael, was the grandfather of our subject. He was born near Poughkeepsie, and like his father, learned the weaver's trade, which he followed in order to obtain a livelihood. Later in life his home was near E|)hrata, in this county, and there his death occurred. He was a member of the Reformed Church, and a man who had the respect of his friends and neighbors. For his wife he chose a Miss Troup, of English descent, and to them were born seven children. The grandfather's death occurred when he was about sixty years of age, while his wife passed away when in her fortieth year. John Sprigel was born near Ephrata about 1820, and learned the carpenter's trade in that place. For many years subsequently he was a resident of Upper Leacock Township, and since 1876 has lived in Lancaster. In politics he is a Republican, and socially belongs to the Odd Fellows' society and the Independent Order of Red Men. To himself and wife have been born eight children, as follows: Mary, Mrs. Kitzen; John Albert, deceased; .Sarali J. and Annie, who are unmarried; Charles, deceased; J. Leonard; Elizabeth and Adam, deceased. The parents are honored residents of this cit}-, and are still actively interested in the Reformed Church, to which they lielong. The earl}- years of our subject were passed on his father's farm in this county, where he received an elementary education in the district school. Upon the famil3''s removal to Lancaster he became a stu- dent in its public schools and afterwards entered the Keystone Business College of Philadelphia, where he laid the foundation of his practical knowledge of commercial affairs. Soon after com- 310 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. pleting his studies he commenced serving an ap- prenticeship in the confectionery business in tlie Quaker Cit3% and his time was thus occupied for the next three years. After some time passed as a journeyman he engaged in business for him- self in Philadelphia, where lie was located for about a year. It was in 1890 when he came to Lancas- ter, and in the few years that have passed he has met with good success in his undertakings. Mr. Sprigel is a member of Moravian Sun Lodge No. 99, K. M.; belongs to Herschel Lodge, I. O. O. F., and George Shifter Council No. 117, Jr. O. U. A. M. In political affairs he is a loyal Re- publican, and is an active member of the Citi- zens' Republican Club. April 7, 1880, was cele- brated the marriage of Mr. Sprigel and Miss Kath- erine, daughter of David Iloyer, of Philadelphia. Mrs. Sprigel, who is highly accomplished and well educated, was born in the Quaker City and there grew to maturity. ^se^j^^^^ie^^^l^g^^t^^ie^S^S^ie^l^ T~^ DWARD T. FRAIM is the owner and pro- r^ C> prietor of the Keystone Lock Works and is engaged in the manufacture of several kinds of padlocks on wiiich he has patents. He is a man of genius and is one of the very few pat- entees who have secured a fortune by means of their own invention. He established and has car- ried on his now large and lucrative manufacturing trade and has a fine plant at No. 237 Park Ave- nue, Lancaster. Mr. Fraim was born in this city February 18,1857. His paternal great-grandfather was a native of Scotland and was one of the early settlers in this locality. His son Miller, the grand- father of our subject, was born in Lancaster and was a successful confectioner until his death, which occurred here. Samuel D. and Annie E. (Kuhns) Fraim, the parents of our subject, were likewise born in this place and here grew to maturity. The father was an iron founder and in 1857 removed to Dayton, Ohio, where he worked at his trade and later estab- lished a foundry and machine shop there, being a member of the firm of Johnson it Fraim. He con- tinued actively in business until his death, in De- cember, 1868, when he died suddenly in the prime of life, being in his forty-first j'ear. His wife was a daughter of Jacob Kuhns, a native of Lancaster, who in the early days was a distiller and later be- came a brick manufacturer. He was of German descent, a memberof the Reformed Church, and his death occurred in Lancaster when he was about sev- enty-two years of age. The mother of our subject is still living, making her home in Dayton, and after the deatli of Mr. Fraim she married E. J. Zalin,of Lancaster, who died some eight years later. Of her four cliildren, one is a daughter and the others are sons. The former, Clara, is Mrs. Van Horn, of Dayton; Edward T. is next in order of birth; Miller W. is a member of the firm of Rosen- stein & Fraim, of this city, and Parker is with the same firm. Edward T., of this sketcli, was reared in Dayton, Ohio, until the year 1875, receiving a common school education and attending the commercial college of that place. In 1875 he came to this his birthplace and served a four years' apprenticsliip to the jeweler, E. J. Zahn. After finishing the trade lie engaged in the locksmith business and finally secured a patent on a padlock in 1881, which has met with a wide sale. For some j-ears he was engaged in partnership with his brother Miller, his manufactory being situated on Cherry AUe^'. In 1884 he removed from Fulton Street, where he had been situated for a time, and en- gaged in manufacturing on Park Avenue, where he still remains. The building has a frontage of one hundred and twenty feet, is thirty-four feet deep and has a basement and two stories. The foundry adjoining is 40x60 feet and there Mr. Fraim manu- factures brass castings. In the main building the basement is used for storage, the first floor .as a ma- chine shop, shipping room and office, and the second floor for the finishing and polishing rooms. Mr. Fraim superintends the whole business in its various departments, keeps three salesmen on the road and employs in the shop from sixty-five to seventy-five men. He has patented about a dozen locks all told, but makes a specialty of his padlock. In 1888 his i PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Sll Ill-other witlidrew from tlip firm nnd he has since carried on the l)iisiness alone, constantly enlarg- in» it and finding it necessary to do so in order to meet iiis increase in trade. In 1877 Mr. Fraim was married in this cit}' to Miss liella Fairer. Mrs. Fraim was born in tliis city and is a daugliter of Absalom Fairer, who for years was keeper at the court lioiise. Mr. and Mrs. Fraim have become the parents of two sons, Sam- uel and Walter, and their pleasant home at No. 621 North Duke .Street was built by our subject. He is a Republican politically, also a member of the Kuyal .\rcanum. He also belongs to the Hard- ware Club, of New York City, in which manufact- urers and dealers in hardware are interested. He and his wife attend St. Paul's Reformed Church, of which thev are valued members. DAVID STONE RE'lTEW, President of the Common Council of Lancaster, is held in good repute as a man of intelligence, uprightness and cordial spirit. He is very prom- inent in his ward, and in Februarj-, 1894, was elected on the Republican ticket to the Council by the largest majority ever accorded a candidate. He is also Superintendent of the manufacturing department of the Jacob Ilarnish Carpet House in this city. Our subject was born in this county in West Earl Township, May 15, 18.37, and is the son of Samuel Rettew, a native of Chester County, this state, and in turn the son of William Rettew, a farmer of English and French descent. The great- grandfather of our subject served as a soldier in the Revolutionar3- War, in which conflict he ac- quitted himself with honor. The father of our subject, after his marriage, located in West Earl , Township, where he engaged in farm pursuits until 1852, when he sold his estate and m.ade his home with our subject until his decease in 1876, at the age of sevent3'-two years. He was a good Chris- tian gentleman and a devoted member of the Re- formed Church. He married Miss Su.san, daughter of David Stone, a large landowner and successful agriculturist of this section. Mr. Stone was a man prominent in politics, and at one time served as Auditor of Lancaster County. He was a AVIiig, and a member of the Reformed Church, in the faith of which he departed this life in 1862. The mother of our subject died in 1855, beloved by all who knew her. The parental family included four children, of whom David S. was the eldest. He was reared on his father's farm, and until sixteen years of .age at- tended the common .schools. He then entered the woolen mill of the late George Levan, whore he learned the trade, and in 1864, in com|)any with Solomon GrofT, bought out Mr. Levan and ran the business for eleven years with fair success. At the expiration of that time he sold out and purchased a half-interest in a general merchandise store in New Holland, which was operated under the firm name of Hull it Rettew. This partnership existed for two years, when our subject disposed of his share, and in 1878 located in Lancaster. In the fall of 1877 Mr. Rettew liad been elected b^' the Hoard of Prison Inspectors as underkeeper at the county prison, which position he lieid for two years; he then entered the enii)lo3' of Ilarnish cfe Co., dry goods and carpet manufacturers, having ciiarge of the carpet department. He has been in the employ of the company for the past fourteen years and gives perfect satisfaction in discharging his duties as Superintendent. He is connected with the Peo- ple's Building and Loan Association and is held in the highest esteem, possessing the confidence of all with whom he has dealings. David Stone Rettew was married in this city in 1860 to Miss Susan, daughter of Daniel Man- ning, a farmer of Manor Township, this county. To our subject and his estimable wife there have been born four children: William, engaged in the dry goods business in Norfolk, Va.; Sarah, at home with her parents; Ella, the wife of A. L. Hornish, and David, at home. In 1862 our subject enlisted in Company B, Tenth Pennsylvania State Militia, and with his regiment participated in the Battle of Antietam. 312 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. On the expiration of liis term of enlistment he was lionorably discharged and returned home. In 1890 he was elected to the Common Council from the Second Ward on the Republican ticket, and in 1893 was made President of the Board, and was re- elected to the same office the following year. So- cially he is a Mason, belonging to Council No. 19, Commandery, No. 13 K. T., and Lodge of Perfec- tion. He is likewise connected with Herschel Lodge No. 123, I. O. 0. F., and Washington Encampment, No. 11. He belongs to the Knights of the Mystic Shrine, of which he is District Deputy, and is a member of the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, holding membership with Lancaster Council No. 912. He is a past officer and member of the Committee of Law and State Body in the Knights of Malta, which lie has represented to the Grand Lodge. He is a member of the Reformed Church and in politics is a true blue Republican. WILLIAM J. ZIEGLER has for about twenty years been an emploj'e of the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad as agent at Lancaster. From his earlj' years he has been engaged in railroading, and has made a trust- worthy and responsible business man. He was born October 15, 1845, at Columbia, Lancaster County, being a son of John and Margaret (Jen- kins) Ziegler, who came from old families and pioneers of this locality, and were much respected citizens. The great-grandfather of our subject, Francis Ottamor Ziegler, was born in Alsace, France, in 1750, and came to this countr}- with Baron Steuben, taking part in the Revolutionary War and having the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. Afterwards he located in Lancaster, where he married Mary Fran- ces Hook, who was born here in 1760. Mr. Zieg- ler was a silversmith by trade and followed his calling in Baltiujore, and later in Columbia, where he died in 1800. His son George, the grandfather of William J., of this sketch, was l)orn in Balti- more and learned the cooper's trade. He was a member of the Catholic Church, and politically was an old line Whig. By his first wife, Margaret Sloot, he had eleven children, and by his second wife, Mary Hoover, had three children. John Ziegler, the father of our subject, was the fourth in order of birth of the family of the first wife; he was born February 3, 1816, and died April 3, 1893. July 29, 1841, he married Margaret Jenkins, and their golden wedding was celebrated in 1891. The boj'iiood of William J. Ziegler was passed at the place of his birth, where he received a regular school education until thirteen years of age. He then went with his father to Cincinnati for a short time and afterwards to Pittsburg, where the former was in the employ of the Pittsburg, Ft. Wayne & Chicago Railroad for some time. Later the youth went to Baltimore, becoming an opera- tor on the Northern Central Railroad, and served in that capacitj' during the war. It was a very responsible position at that time, but he discharged his duties with discretion and fidelity, being later transferred to Manheim, where lie was in the era- ploy of the Reading & Columbia Railroad, now a branch of the Philadelphia & Reading. At the expiration of five ^-ears he worked for the Hunt- ingdon & Broad Top Railroad at Saxton, Pa., for nearly three years, and during that time he con- tracted the fever and ague and was obliged to give up his place. Upon recovering his health to some extent Mr. Ziegler came to Lancaster and was made agent of what is now the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad. This place he has ably (illed for two decades, and is considered one of the most straight- forward and business-like agents in the employ of the compaii}'. He is also at present in charge of the United States Express agency at this point and in this also gives good satisfaction. January 10, 1871, Mr. Ziegler married Anna Elizabeth, daughter of David Wolf, who did val- iant service during the late Civil conflict, and whose life paid the penalty for- his patriotism in the Danville Prison. Prior to the war he had been a successful hotel-keeper and was a much respected man. Mr. and Mrs. Ziegler have had six cliildren: Mary P., John D., Harry J., John D. (the second of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RF.CORD. 313 the name), Josephine S. and Frank A. Both boys who bore the name of John D. have passed away, hut the other members of the family are still under the parental roof and are receiving good educa- tional advantages. The father is a supporter of the Democratic party, and Itas been active in every tiling pertjiining to its success. With his family he is a member of St. Mary's Catholic Church, and c<>iilrihules to worthy benevolent en- terprises. ^#Cr^ < T S^IM.IAM II. UATK.MAN. This gentle- V/ V/' man, who Is one of the oldest and most successful painters in Lancaster, has had a remarkable experience on sea and land. When a young man he served for three and one-half years as a sailor in the United States Navy and for a period of twelve years w.is on the waters, lie has been a resident of this city for many years and has contributed to tlie general welfare of the community, who hold him in high esteem. Born in Baltimore, Md., .July .5, 1H19, our sub- ject IS the son of William L. Bateman, also a na- tive of that city, as was also the grandfather, Ben- jamin Bateman. The latter was a teller in a bank in Baltimore and served cHiciently as a soldier in the War of 1812. The great-grandfather of our subject came from Kngland, and locating in Mary- land, became prominent in local affaii-s. The father of our subject during his later j'ears came to Lan- caster, where his decease occurred at the age of eighty-four years. He also fought in the War of 1812 and distinguished himself for his bravery. He was a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and a wortlij' and influential citizen, highly respected throughout this count}'. He was married to Miss Catherine Dallas, also a native of Baltimore and of Scotch descent. She departed this life near her native city in 1832, at the age of thirty-five ^-ears. The paienlal family included two sons and one daughter, of whom our subject is the only one liv- ing. His older brother, James S., served all through the late war, and died in 1891 in Asbury Park, N. J. William H., of this sketch, attended the public schools of Baltimore, and when a lad of sixteen years left home and went to sea on a merchant vessel. This was in 1835 and his first trip w.as made to London, England. He h.is visited nearly every port of importance in the world and rose from the humble position of cabin boy to be chief male of his vessel. In 183G Mr. Bateman enlisted in the United States Navy under Commo- dore Dall.as, a relative of liis mother's, on the "C(m- stitulion." He was afterwards clianged to the vessel commanded by Commodore Scott and par- ticipated in the Seminole War. At one time they put .isliorc an^^LVN for several years lias been engaged in the cigar box manufactiir Q_^ ing business in Lancaster, and has built ii|) a remunerative and constantly increasing trade in this article, his business now amounting to from 118,000 to *20.000 per annum, and this has been accomplished during a short period of four years. In politics Mr. Bowman has taken quite an active part, and in Febiuarv, 1891, was elected a mem- ber of the Common Council. In the fraternal circles of the citj' he is a leading member, and in many industries and enterprises which have greatly increased the standing of the citv he has given his influence. A son of John M. and Catherine (Obevly) Bow- man, the subject of this biography; was born July 19, 1856, in Lancaster Township, of this county. His paternal grandfather, whose Christian name was Isaac, was a native of Strasburg Township, and followed farming, also building and contract- ing, in that locality during his active career, which terminated when he had attained his seventy- seventh year. He was first a Whig, and subsequent- ly a Republican. By his marriage with Elizabeth Musser he had eight children: John M., Henry; Elizabeth, who died at the age of eighteen years; I Isaac, Joseph, Amanda, Anna, and Benjamin, who has passed away. I Our subject's father was born in Eden Town- ship, this county, and learned the tralo_\ed by the I'ennsylvania Railroad, and Henrietta lives with her parents at No. 34 North Lime Street. Dr. Jlitchell is a charter member of Kensinjjton Commandery, K. T., of I'hiladelphia. In former years lion. Tliaddeus .Stevens and ex-l'rcsident James Buchanan were pew holders, and the lat- ter a member of the P^ii-st Presbyterian Church. Rev. Dr. Mitchell is a highly cultured and finely educated gentleman, who possesses a good deliv- ery, and has an earnest manner, which claims the attention of his hearers. =-=^^H-^P-= JACOB 11. LANDIS, a prominent citizen of .Millcrsville, Lancaster County, has been re- tired from active cares since 1880, after hav- ing lived a useful and bus^' life as an agri- culturist and miller in Manor Township. The family of which he is a member is an old one in this county, the founder of the branch in these parts having been of Swiss nationalit\-. He was Benjamin Landis, who in 1717 located in Man- heim Township, where he proceeded to develop a tract of wild land. lie was married to Elizabeth Brackbill, by whom he had two sons, Benjamin and John. The latter, born June 9, 1786, in Manheim Township, became the father of our subject, and when nineteen years of age removed to a farm in Conestoga Township, which is now in possession of his son Tobias. The same year he married Elizabeth Rudy, and l)v her had tlie following children: .Mary, ^Irs. (lamher; Benjamin; Anna, Mrs. Forry; and Fannie, Mrs. Weidler. By a second marriage, to Anna, daughter of Jacob IIu- ber, were born Susan, now deceased; Betsey; J.icob IL, David, Tobias and Magdalcna, the latter of whom liecame the wife of Rudolph llerr, but has since passed away. The father of these children was a man of great enterprise and industry. His judg- ment was alwaj's considered sound and his inllu- ence in the community was wholesome and bene- ticial. In 18'J3 he w.as elected Sui)ervisor of Con- estoga Township, and while a resident of Manor Township, served as County Commissioner. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican. A devoted member of the Mcnnonite Church, he held steadfast to the faith until his death, August 22, 1870, when in his eighty-fifth year. Jacob Landis was born April 18, 1822, on his father's farm in Conestoga Township, and was only four years old when his parents removed to Manor Township. He pursued hisstudj' at Lititz, and also at a select school in Manheim Township. After becoming thoroughly familiar with the labors pertaining to farming he started an appren- ticeship at the miller's trade, in 1841, and after learning the same, assumed charge of his father's mill, which he successfully operated for several years. In 1861 he became sole proprietor of both the mill and the farm, and conducted them success- fully until his retirement from business life some fourteen years ago. February 26, 1852, Mr. Landis married Anna S., daughter of David and .Susan Ilerr, of Lancaster Township, this county. Of this union two sons and four daughters were born : John II., who married Miss Betsy Thoma; Maiy A., who married Cl.ay- ton .S. Wenger, of West Earl Township, Lancaster County; Susan, Mrs. Reist; Lizzie, who became the wife of H. L. Stehman; Fannie, deceased, and David, who married Miss Ellen Shell3'. In his po- litical faith Mr. Landis supi)orts the Republican party, but has neither sought nor desired political honors. Ever a great friend to the cause of edu- cation, he is a Trustee at the present time of the Millcrsville State Normal School and in every 326 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. way has used bis influence in favor of advanced methods in educational matters. He is a Director of the Farmers' National Bank of Lancaster, and was one of the Managers of the Lancaster & Mill- ersville Street Railroad. In his many investments and different business enterprises he has been very successful and prosperous, having shown great ability and foresight in the management of his affairs. He is a member of the Reformed Church of this place, with which he has been connected for many years as an active worker. Personally he is a man of strict integrity and true wortli. (^ ^11^. •f^ (^ ■?^ll^ -^") ^ PROF. CHRISTIAN J. BURGER is very prominent in musical circles in Lancaster, being leader of Burger's Orchestra and Burger's Military Band. From liis early years lie has been noted for talent in this art and was a lad of only twelve years when he took the first prize for violin playing out of a class of six hundred pupils. From the time he was ten years of age he has given his earnest effort to improve in this line and has built up an almost national reputation for his skill. He has traveled in all parts of the coun- try with different companies as leader of orchestra and at one time was with Buffalo Bill in the Wild West Show. Professor Burger was born in Reading, Pa., March 27, 1859, being a son of Christian J. and Annetta (Kaul) Burger. The father was born in Badon, Germany, where he was a blacksmith by trade. When a young man be came to this country, set- tling in Reading, where he engaged in making boilers for the firm of Obert Si Sons. At the age of fifty-two years, in 1883, he departed this life in that city, and his widow now makes her home in Lancaster. The sketch of her father. Rev. Permin Kaul, may be found in another portion of this work. Professor Burger is tiie eldest of six cliil- dren, all but two of whom are living, and until ten years of age attended the Reading public schools. He was then sent to Notre Dame, Ind., and there took up music, and, as previously mentioned, re- ceived high honors for his violin work. At the end of three years he was apprenticed to a jeweler in Reading and completed the trade, at the same time spending much of bis time on music. At the end of four years our subject went on the road with the Welsh & Hughes Brooklyn Minstrels, witii whom he continued one season as leader of the orchestra. The following year be traveled witli Haywood Brothers as leader, and then for two sea.sons went with the company of Agnes Villa. From 1881 to the spring of 1887 Professor Burger traveled with the Wild West Show as leader of the band and pla_ved in all the principal cities in the United States, having been in .San Francisco five times. In the opera house in Lancaster the Professor was Director for two 3'carsand later traveled with Rus- sell's Comedians. In 1881 Burger's Orchestra and the Military Band were organized by him and since that time he has had a steady engagement at the Fulton Opera House in Lancaster, the orchestra being composed of from nine to fifteen pieces, and tlie band having twenty-five pieces. In 1883 our suljject organized the Lancaster OperaCompany, which gave "Pinafore." In 1890 they i)erfornicd in "Mikado," three 3'ears later re- turning to "Pinafore," and in 1894 presented "Three Black Cloaks." This company was well drilled and met with flattering success. In the line of composi- tion Professor Burger has done considerable, mainl}' in the line of music for orchestra and bands, and he is the author of several i)opular marches and clever quadrilles and other dances. He has published music to a certain extent and many of his produc- tions have met with a large sale. As a professor of music in this city be is veiy favorably known, having numbered among his pupils many from the best families in Lancaster. In 1889 Professor Burger was married in Lan- caster to Miss Emma Stewart, of this place, and daughter of Thomas Stewart. The father was for- merly engaged in farming in this locality and was killed by the cars in Philadelphia when in the prime of life, being about forty years of age. His wife, formerlj' Mary Tangred, was horn in Lancas- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 327 ter, as was also licr father, George Tangred. Mrs. lUirger is next to the youngest of four children, and liy her marriage has become the mother of one child, Christian P. Mr. and Mrs. Burger are mem- bers of St. Anthony's Church. Tlie former is a Democrat and socially is a charter member of the Elk's societ}'. :0#(^ AMUEL CHARLES STEIGERWALT. It is a plea.surc to the biographer to head this sket<'h with the name of the man who is in every sense worthy of the distinction afforded by honorable mention among the distinguished citi- zens of the community in which he has [lassed nearly all the active years of his life. Mr. Steiger- walt is one of the prominent carriage-makei-s of Lancaster, in which business he has been engaged in the cit\' since 1886. Henry and Mary (Trisler) Stcigcrwalt, the par- ents of our subject, were natives of Pennsylvania and people highly respected iu their community. For a fuller history of this worthy couple the reader is referred to the sketch of M. F. Steiger- walt on anotlier page in this volume. When ready to choose an occupation in life Samuel C, of this biography, learned the trade of a carriage-maker in the shops of Samuel B. Cox, of this city. Soon after mastering the business he went to Petersburg, afterward to Neffsville and later to Refton, where he was engaged in working as a carriage-maker. In 1882 we find him again in his native cit}'. He opened up an establishment of his own on Prince Street, where he carried on a thriving business for two years, and then removed to his present location on Queen Street. He has a large shop, manufactures all kinds of road velii- cles and gives employment to several men. He also has a department devoted to repairing wagons and carriages, and never fails to give satisfaction in all work turned out. In political relations our subject is an ardent Republican. He belongs to St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church and endeavors to aid the progress of the good work in the city. During the late war he enlisted in the Union army, offering his services ttie same month Ft. Sumter was fired upon. He was mustered into Company F, First Pennsj'l- vania Infantry, in the three months' call, but re- mained in the army for eight months, when he was discharged at Harrisburg, this state. The lady whom our subject married on Christ- mas Da}', 18ti2, was Miss Alice Ryan, a sister of I. H. Ryan, whose sketcli will be found in this volume, and who is a prominent real-estate dealer of this city. To Mr. and Mrs. Steigerwalt there were born eight children, namely: Samuel C; Albert II., deceased; IlerlxMt H., a private detective in the employ of the Pennsylvania Traction Com- pany; Benton H., Oliver I., Alice M., Maude S. and Laura K. ^ jBI P ROBERT C. McCULLEY is a well known and respected citizen of Lancaster, who owns and operates successfully a large iron foundry, and is the oldest foundryman in the county. His works arc situated at the corner OT North Plum Street and the Pennsylvania Railroad, and he makes a specialty of the manufacture of corn and cob crushei-s and castings requiring great strength. The proprietor is a thorough mas- ter of his business, to which he has given liis ener- gies and strict attention for his entire active ca- reer, about half a centurj-. The birth of Mr. McCullej' occurred in Lancas- ter, July 13, 1828, at a place where now stands the ticket office of the Pennsylvania Railroad. His ])aternal grandfather, Jacob, was born in Scot- land, and he it was who changed the name from its original spelling, McCullough. Our subject's father, Jacob, was born in Harrisburg, and was formerly' a manufacturer of soap and candles, his business location having been on the site of the Pennsylvania Railroad station before the road was constructed. He died in this city when sixty-one years of age. He was a wealthy man and very in- 328 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. fluential, serving at one time as a member of the City Council. He was a member of the Trinity Lutheran Cliurdi, and by liis union with Cazanna Bitner had six cliildren who grew to maturity. One of the sons, James T., was for three years a soldier in a Pennsylvania Regiment during the War of the Rebellion, and died in Lancaster. The maternal grandfather of our subject, Jacob Bitner, was a resident of York County, where lie followed the carpenter's trade, and afterwards located on North Queen Street, Lancaster. He lived to a ripe old age, being in his ninety-first year at tiie time of his death, while his wife lived to be ninety- three years old. When fourteen years old R. C. McCuUey was apprenticed to learn the molder's trade at a foun- dry on South Queen Street, near the Conestoga Creek, and remained tliere for two years. After- wards he worked in PenueU's Macliiue Foundry, and then traveled as a journeyman in the south and through a number of states. For some seven years he was situated in Pittsburg and in Alle- gheny, but finally in 1858 returned to this place. Embarking in business on AVatur Street, he subse- quently purchased the site of the old iron works on Chestnut between North Queen and Prince Streets. For twentj- 3'ears the firm was known as Harberger & McCuUey, and thej- built up a fine business and remunerative trade. In 1883 our subject's partner withdrew from the firm, and Mr. McCulley has since continued in business alone. The same year lie rented a portion of the old loco- motive works, at the corner of North Plum Street and the Pennsylvania Railroad, and makes a spe- cialty of general foundry and pattern work. The cob cruslier which he manufactured has met with an extended sale, and over three thousand are in act- ual use. Mr. McCulley ships his products to every state in this country, and also sends castings, etc., to foreign ports. Employment is given to upwards of twenty-five hands, and the best machinery is used in turning out the articles he manufactures. At times he has cast rolls weighing four tons, cupola caps weighing eight tons, and other ma- cliineiy of almost incredible size. Mr. McCulley owns a pleasant home at No. 804 Manor Street, also one in Philadelphia, two cot- tages at the sea shore, and some fifteen houses in Lancaster. In 1859 he married Miss Mary, daughter of Allen Magargil, who was born in Philadelphia. The latter was a tanner and mer- chant in the Quaker Cit^', and a citizen who was greatly respected. Mr. and Mrs. McCulley have three children, all of whom are living, namel}': Annie, Martha and Emma, the latter the wife of E. S. Halbach, of Lancaster. Mrs. McCulley is a mem- ber of the Trinity Lutheran Church, and is a most estimable lady. In politics our subject is independent, and has served for three years as a member of the Select Council from the Eighth Ward, but has since de- clined rcnomiiiation. During his term lie was active on the committee which had in charge the construction of the city water works, and he has always used his inQuencc for the benefiting of his fellow-citizens. 1(9). .^^)4. .OJ 0^ ^^"""" ^ MILTON T. HEKDER, M. D., an able phy- sician of Millcisville, received a fiuegen- eral and medical education and is a stu- dent of his profession, having also contributed articles of great value to various medical jour- nals. For several generations the Reeder fam- ily have been prominent members of whatever com- nninit}' they have resided in, and the first of whom anything definite is known was one Henry Reeder, who came to the United .Stales in 1810, settling near Hagerstowu, Md. Tliis was the grandfather of our subject and he became owner of a large plan- tation. He was a slave owner, but freed all of his slaves prior to the war. He successfully carried on his plantation near Hagerstown and continued to reside there until his death. He was politically a Whig and a member of the Presbyterian Church. In his family were three sons and one daughter, Thomas, Henry, William A. and Marj' A. The lat- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 329 ter married J. B. Linch and afterward became the wife uf Juhu Mall; she is still living in St. Louis. Tlic Hcedcr family is noted for longevity, and our subject's grandfather died at au extreme old age- William A. Reeder. the father of our subject, re- ceived a common school education and learned the trade of cabinet-making, to which he devoted him- self in Ilagcrstown and Baltimore and still later at Clear Spring, Md. In KS.')6 he removed to "Wells Valley-, Fulton County, Pa., where he lived for four years, then selling his place he located in Belfast Township, in the same county, where he continued to reside until his death. lie was a Re- publican and a member of the Order of Red Men and the .lunior Order of I'niled American Me- chanics. Religiously he was a Baptist of the old school and was very strict and upright in his con- duct. His wife was Mehitable (Tanner) Reeder, by whom he had two sons and two daughters: Milton T., our subject; Sarah A., .Mrs. Stotz, of Marietta, Lancaster County; Mary C. and .lacobT., of Marietta. The father of these children was called from life when in his sixty-eighth year. Dr. .Milton T. Keeder was born January 9, 1848, at Clear Spring, Washington County, Md., and re- ceived his elementary education in the schools of Fulton County. Later he attended the County Nor- mal School at McConnellsburg and for three years studied higher mathematica and the languages under the tutelage of Prof. Charles A. Douglas, a graduate of Yale. In 1880 our subject graduated from the Bellevue Medical College of New York City, after having pursued the required course of study. He immediately entered upon bis profes- sional career at Millersville, which h.as since been his field of work. During the fourteen years that have since elapsed he has acquired an enviable reputation as a man of ability in his line, and his practice, which is large and lucrative, is constantly- increasing. A man of much more than the ordi- nary intelligence and information, he is a ready and interesting convei-sationalist and writer, and his contributions to medical periodicals and to the science are looked for and read with eagerness by hosts of his admirers and friends, who are scat- tered all through the countr3'. Fraternally he holds membership with Harrisonville Lodge No. 710, I. O. O. F. On the 16th of April, 1885, Dr. Reeder was mar- ried to Miss Mary K., daughter of .lolin Lenliardt, who is a farmer and cooper of this count}'. Mrs. Reeder. a lady of culture and refinement, graduated from the Millersville Slate Normal in the Cl.ass of '77. The Doctor and his wife have many friends in this locality and are very popular in social circles. ^r JOHN II. .lORDAN, whose sketch we now have the ple.isuie of |)resenting, is the only safe ex[)ert in the city of Lancaster. He is carrying on a lock and blacksmithing estab- lishment, manufactures iron ladles and does gen- eral jobbing, making the re|)airing of safes a spe- cialty. His honored father, W. H. Jordan, who fought bravely as a Union soldier during the late war, was of .Scotch-Irish ancestry and w\'\s orphaned by his father's death when he was an infant. After having completed his ai)prenticesliip to the lock- smith's trade under a Mr. Bush, he located in Lan- caster, where he was successfully engaged in the manufacture of German locks until his decease. This event occurred in 1876, when in his fifty- second year. He was a Democrat in politics and popular in his neighborhood. He married Sabina W^ise, a native of this count}', who departed this life when our subject was only four yeare of age. During the late war W. H. Jordan served in Company A, Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, for eighteen months. He participated in many of the hard fought battles of that period, performing the duties of a private in a most praiseworthy manner. He was an active member of George H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R., during the remain- der of his life. The original of this sketch was the eldest of the parental family, comprising three children, one of whom is now deceased. Henry H. is engaged in the laundry business on East King Street in this 330 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. city. John H. was born in Lancaster October 14, 1855, and when a lad of fourteen years began learning the trade of a locksmith under the in- struction of his father and Henry Young, who was his partner. Later he worked as a journeyman in this city and Philadelphia, and in 1882 purchased Mr. Young's interest and he has since successfully conducted tlie business alone. He does light black- smith work, has two fires and employs several men. As before stated, he is the only safe expert in the city and thus is always kept busy. The marriage of our subject with Miss Rachel, daughter of Jolin Keys, was celebrated in this city in the fall of 1876. Mrs. Jordan was born in Pliiladelphia and is a well educated and a most es- timable lady. Her father served during the late war in a Pennsylvania Regiment and was killed at the battle of Weldon Railroad. He was a very large, strong man and stood six feet two and one- half inches. To Mr. and Mrs. Jordan there were born three children: William D., engaged in the dry-goods business; Clara L. and John H. Our subject and iiis family occupy a comfortable residence at No. 333 Chester Street. The former is a member in good standing of the Trinity Lutlieran Church. He is a Knight of Pythias, belonging to Lodge No. 88, and in politics is a stanch Democrat. iTY MOS D. AILES, Superintendent of the J Y Conestoga Cork Works, is the oldest prac- tical cork man in Lancaster. He was born in the city of Fairfield, Lancaster County, April 14, 1842. His father, Amos Ailes, was born in the same place. The grandfather, Amos, a farmer by occupation, was of Scotch-Irish descent, and a soldier in the War of 1812. Our subject's father was a blacksmitli in his younger days, but later in life removed to a farm in Fulton Township. His mother, Margaret Cline Wenditz, was born in Strasburg, of German descent, and died at Lan- caster, aged seventy-two j-ears. Amos D. is one of a famil3- of ten children, six of whom are now living. Isaac was in a Maryland battery during the Civil War and now resides at Lancaster. Our subject was the oldest child; he was reared on a farm, obtained liis education at the public schools, and in August, 1862, enlisted as a member of the Thirteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry, being in Com- pany C. He was mustered in at Philadelphia and belonged to the Array of the Potomac, and partici- pated in the .Shenandoah Valley campaign. He was taken prisoner at Fisher's Hill with ten otliers of his regiment and sent to Libhy Prison. After enduring the terrible hardsliips in that prison for six weeks, he was sent to Belle Isle, and after two weeks was paroled, and finally exchanged. He then joined his regiment at Winchester. After Grant took command he was at the front until Lee's surrender, when lie was sent to Raleigh, N. C, to help General Sherman and was mustered out in August, 1865, after which he took a course in Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College at Phil- adelphia. The next eighteen months of his life were spent as a traveling salesman for a drug house. He traveled by team through Missouri. In 1868 he was married at Kansas Cit^', Mo., to Miss Flor- ence V. Rayel, the daughter of Sir. and Mrs. John Rayel, who owned a plantation in Tennessee. After his engagement on the road, he returned to Seda- lia. Mo., near which place he engaged in farming, and there remained until 1873. He then returned to Lancaster, and two years later embarked in the cork business with a Mr. Cadwell, for whom he kept books two years, and then went out as a trav- eling salesman, continuing at this for seven years during which time he traveled and kept the books for the concern. In 1882 the business was de stroj'ed by fire, but the good will of the concern was sold to Gideon Arnold, and our subject was employed as Superintendent and head bookkeeper. The works now employ one hundred and seventy hands and is a very successful plant. Our sub- ject has erected two fine residences on North Lime Street, and one near North Duke Street. Mr. and Mrs. Ailes are the parents of two children, Robert, PORTRAIT AND I510GRAPHICAL RECORD. 331 a bookkeeper in Philadelphia, and Stella 6., Mrs. Edge, of Atlantic Cit^-, N. .). Mr. Ailes is an hon- ored member of Herseliel Lodge, 1. O. O. F., the Royal Arcanum, the Arlii-aiis and the Ancient Or- der of United Workmen. Politically, he is a Re- publican and an active participant in local and state politics. DR. II. D. KNIGHT, a well known dentist of Lancaster, was born in Herkimer Coun- ty, N. Y., November 16, 1833, the son of Rev. .loshua Knight, a native of Connecticut, and the grandsou of David Knight, who w.is of ohl Puritan stock. Rev. Mr. Knight was graduated at Carlisle, Pa., and was pastor of the Congre- gational Church of Sherburne, from which plate he went to Herkimer County, and in 1(S4() removed to Rome, N. Y. For a time he conducted a drug business. He was of English and Scotch ancestry, and died at the age of eighty-two years. The first wife of Rev. Mr. Knight wjis Amanda Talcutt, and by that union eight children were born. His second wife, our subject's raolher, w.as Polly Kenyon, a native of Connecticut, who died at the age of forty-seven yeare. This marriage was blessed with four diildren, of wliich only one survives. Reared in Vienna, N. Y., our subject remained on the. farm until twenty years of age. He was educated in Adams Academ3-, Jefferson County, N. Y., and in 1854 began the study of dentistry at Utlca, N. Y., under Dr. Alvin Blakcslev, with whom he remained about three years. After this he remained awhile in Chicago and then set- tled at Rockton, 111., where he practiced his pro- fession. In 1860 Dr. Knight removed to Burlington, Wis., where he practiced until he enlisted as a soldier in the Union cause under Col. E. L. Butrick, of Milwaukee, becoming a member of Company D, Thirty-ninth Wisconsin Infantry. His lime of service was spent principally at Memphis, Teuu., and he took part in the famous raid of General Forrest. He was mustered out in October and again resumed the practice of his i)rofession, which he pursued until his licalth failed, when he sold out. In 1868 Dr. Knight went to Elgin, 111., to work In tlie watch factory, where he remained seven years in the cap.acity of assistant foreman in the jewel- ing depaitment. September 16, 1875, he came to Lancaster, where he was engaged for three years with the .Vdams A- Perry Walch Co., but six months later the works shut down. He then resumed pro- fessional work. In 1878 he established an ollice for himself on North tjueen Street, and later re- moved to No. 334 North Queen Street, where he is now located. His charming home residence is at No. 130 East Chestnut .Street. He has a large, lu- crative practice and stands high among his fellow- men. He is one of tlie Directors of the Lancaster General Hospital, belongs to the Executive Com- mittee and is one of the charter members. The Doctor was married in Beloit, AVis., to Miss Hannah Scoville, who was born in Canada; her patents, however, were from New York State. She diet only in the city, but throughout the entire county. He is greatly interested in the welfare of the commu- nity, and by energy, t.act and good judgment has greatly promoted the material welfare of the place. He deserves prominent mention for the valiant service rendered his country during the late war. While fighting gallantly for the Union he was wounded in the right arm, which he is still unable to use. Our subject w.os born in Lancaster, Jul}' 24, 1840, and is the son of (Hlbert II. Hartley, a na- tive of this county, who in turn was the son of Nicholas Hartley, a farmer in this county, and a soldier in the War of IH12. The latter was a member of the Reformed Church, and of English descent. Gilbert Hartley w.as also in early life a tiller of the soil, but in 1841 located in this city, where he engaged in the grocery business on West King Street. He was the proprietor of a good es- tablishment until 18.52, when he sold out and be- gan the manufjicture of brick at Ilarrisburg Pike. A man of progressive ideas, he was the first in this section to burn brick with coal, thus reducing the time of burning from five to two days. He died in January, 1863, when sixty years of age. He served acceptably one term as Alderman, and was always reliable in citizenship, kindly and consid- 338 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. erate in neighborly associations, and honorable in his dealings. In religious belief he w.is a member of Trinity Lutheran Church. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Margaret (Zem- raer) Hartley, was born in this county, and was of German descent. She died April 27, 1893, when in her eightieth year. Five children of the pa- rental family lived to mature years, of whom three are now living. Henry, of this sketch, was reared in his native city, and received a good education in the common and high schools. After complet- ing his studies he learned the brickraaker's trade from his father, at which he worked from 1854 to 1859, and tlien apprenticed himself to a Mr. Born- ing to learn the trade of a carpenter. He was with him on the outbreak of the Civil War, and in 1861 enlisted, but was unable to join his com- pany for thirteen weeks on account of sickness. Later he joined Comp.-iny K, One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania Infantry, and was mustered m as Corporal. With his regiment, Mr. Hartley was sent to join tlie Army of the Potomac, and i)articipated in the second battle of Bull linn, Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. Having enlisted in the nine months' service, his term expired about that lime and he returned home, and although importuned by his friends to remain there, he in 1863 joined Company K, Forty-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, for three months. In the fall of that year he again tendered his services to the Union arni\' for three years, and was mustered into Company I, Ninety-third Pennsylvania Infantrj'. He was soon promoted to be .Sergeant, and remained with his regiment until discharged at the close of the war. He participated in the battles of Brandy Station and the Wilderness under General Grant, and when transferred to Sherman's command, was wounded in the hand at the battle of Fisher's Hill. In Decem- ber, 1864, he, as a member of the Sixth Army Corps, occupied the front rank at Petersburg, and Marcli 25 at that place he was wounded in the right forearm. Although seriously injured, he walked three miles with his knapsack to the lield hospital. April 22 he was given a furlough, and returning home, was on the sick list for one year. He was honorably discharged at the close of the -var, in May, 1865, and when fully regaining bis healtli, went to work for his fatber-in-law, Josiah Davish, makin* thresliing machines. In 1878 Mr. Hartley was elected Assessor of the Fifth Ward on the Republican ticket, and has been re-elected to the same position every succeeding year since. In 1888, under Mayor Edgly, lie was appointed Sergeant of Police for a term of two 3'ears, and in 1894, under Mayor E. S. Smeltz, re- ceived his present appointment of Chief of the Police Department. Henry Hartley was united in marriage October 18, 1868, in this city, with Miss Annie, daughter of the late Joshua Davish. To them were born two children, of whom tlie elder, Gilbert Henry, a high scliool graduate, is a practical printer, and engaged in the office of the Examiner; Blanche re- sides at home. Socially, our subject is a Knight of Pythias, and belongs to the George H. Thoni.as Post No. 81, G. A. R. In religious affairs he is a member of the Trinity Lutheran Ciiurch. He is very prominent in political life, and takes an ac- tive part in the Heiiublican County Committee and the Citizens' Republican Club, of which he is a charter member. J OHN KENDIG, Sk., one of the progressive agriculturists of West Lampeter Township, Lancaster County, whose postoflice is East Willow Street, now owns and operates the farm which was formerly tiie propert3- of his fatlier. Since his boyhood lie has devoted his time and attention to the management of this place, and keeps abreast of the times in everything re- lating to agriculture. In all his dealings with his friends and neighbors his career has been marked with uprightness and justice, which have won for him their high esteem and respect. He is the grandson of George Kendig, who in the eail^' part of this century was engaged in farming and mill- ing in West Lampeter Township. His farm com- PORTltAlT AM) BlUCKAl'lIlCAL liliCORD. 339 prised about fifty acres, and from that property and liis null lie niacle a comfortable living for himself and family and became quite well-to-do. The mills which he operated were known as the I'ew Mills, and farmers from all parts of the coun- ty nnd vicinity broufjht their grains there to be ground. The father of our subject, whose Christian name was also John, was the son of Mr. and Mrs. George Kendig. being the second of the following children, George, .lohn, Abram, Martin, Benjamin, Daniel, Polly and Betsey. The two last named are now deceased. The grandmother's maiden name was Eshleman. On arriving at his maturity our sub- ject's father married Fannie, daughter of Abram Herr, a wealthy citizen of Lancaster County. To them were born four sons and three daughters, in order of birth as follows: .lohn, the subject of this sketch; Abram, whose death occurred when he was three ^cars of age; George; Abram, the second of the name; Elizabeth, Mrs. Herr; Fannie; and Barbara, who became the wife of Martin Mylin. .lohn Kendig received a good common ^chool education in the district schools of Concstoga Township, which he attended quite regularly un- til arriving at his eighteenth year, lie was born in 1815 on his father's farm in West Lampeter Township. After completing his primary educa- tion he attended the academy at Lititz, this coun- ty, for about eight months. From his boyhood he had given much of his time to assisting his father in the care of his farm, and thus was early inured to the duties and work pertaining thereto. When he left school he engaged in farming with his brother-in-law in West Lampeter Township, where he remained for a year. For the two years follow- ing he assisted his mother in the care of the home- stead, and after it was appraised took entire charge of the place. Since that time he has given his best energies to the development and cultivation of the farm, and has succeeded in making it one of the best in the community. Everything about the place shows the careful attention bestowed up- on it bj- the proprietor, for he spares neither labor nor time in keeping things in first-class order. For a period of sixty 3-ears Mr. Kendig h.as dwelt in this neighborhood and has won a high rei)utation both for his financial ability and for the manner in which he discharges his duties to the public at large, lie has many sincere friends among his neiglibf)rs, who esteem him highly for his worthy qualities. March 1.5, 1842, John Kendig was united in wedlock with Miss Maria Herr, and to them have been born eight childrt'n, four sons and four daughters: Francis K.; Ada, who became the wife of Franklin Barr; Mary, Mrs. Herr, Lizzie, Alice, Martin, Johp, .Ir., and one who died in infancy. In his political affiliations Mr. Kendig has long supported the nominees and principles set forth by the Republican party and takes great interest in its success. ^i^: ^\^^ -T^ 15KA11AM SC f — \ the firm of So 15KA11AM SCllEETZ is senior member of Scheetz & Co., makers of fine custom shirts, underwear, collars and cuffs. lie is a practical and experienced shirt-maker, and is very successful in this business, having a fine trade in the city of Lancaster. He also deserved prominent mention as one of the boj's in blue dur- ing the late war. Our subject was born in Lancaster County, near Pennville, November 27, 1838. which was also the birthplace of his father, Christian, and his paternal grandfather. The latter was a well-to-do farmer in that locality, and of German descent. He was a prominent member of the German Baptist Church, and .active in all good works in this community. The father of our subject followed the trade of a cooper, operating shops in Millersville, where he has a successful business career. He died in 1868, firm in the faith of the Lutheran Church. Mrs. Catherine (Gray bill) Scheetz, the mother of our subject, was born near Pennville, this coun- ty, of German descent. She is still living at the age of sevent3'-four years, residing at the old home. She reared a family of five children, of whom Abraham was the eldest. He received a common- 340 POETEAIT ANr BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. school education in Millcrsville, and wiien only thirteen years of age began to earn his own inonej^ by deriving in the grocery store of J. Buehler. in Lancaster. He remained with that gentleman for some time, and then filled the same position for other merclianls until going to Elizabeth town, this county, where he obtained a situation in a general store. After a stay of two years in that place, he returned to this city, where he clerked until 1861, when, in the fall of tliat year, he en- listed in Company D, One Hundred and Twent^'- second Penns3'lvania Infantry. He first saw the smoke of battle at Bull Run, which was followed by the battle of Chancellorsville. Young .Scheetz very soon thereafter was taken sick with typhoid fever and confined in the hospital for three months. When fully recovered from this disease, he was afflicted with rheumatism, and being unable to re- port for duty, received his honorable disciiarge, and was mustered out of service in 1862. When able to take up his former business, our subject went to Philadelphia and engaged to clerk in a dry-goods establishment, where he was em- ployed for several years, after which he started a small store on his own account, located on Race Street. Mr. Scheetz returned to Lancaster in 1864, where he opened up a retail dry-goods establish- ment, wliich he operated with fair success for five or six years. He then sold out and iigain engaged as clerk until 1885, when he began the manufacture of shirts, buying out the stock of H. B. Siienk & Co. His place of business is located at No. 6 West King Street, and he gives employment to twelve men and women. He makes a specialty of the "Paragon" and "Perfection" shirts, and also makes all kinds of fine underwear. He disposes of bis goods throughout the state and often goes upon the road himself to take orders. Abraham Scheetz was married in this city in the fall of 1860, to Miss Louisa, daughter of Junius P. Marshall, a farmer of Chester County, this state. Their union has resulted in the birth of two chil- dren: Henry, one of the owners of the Royal Laun- dry Company in Allegheny, this state; and Mary A., who is now deceased. Socially, our subject is a member of Admiral Reynolds' Post No. 405, G. A. R., and in politics he is a true blue Republican, casting his first vote for Abraham Lincoln. He is a devoted member of St. John's Lutheran Church, and is active in all good works in his community. Mr. .Scheetz occupies with iiis family a comfortable residence at No. 220 West Orange Street. itrict schools of that locality. He made the best of his educational facilities, and not content with such advantages as he received in that direction, has always been a student and a great reader. When eighteen years of age he left school, and from that lime forward gave his prin- cipal alien lion to farn)ing. For sonic years he oper- ated a place on shares, as he had no capital with which to embark in business, and during this time managed to lay by a considerable siuii of money, with which he finally purchased a farm. For fifteen years subse(|ucnUy he was employed in the cultivalion and improvement of lliis piece of property, which Ihrongh his effort* became very valuable. About lt*8l he decided to bninch out in another direction of business, Ix'coming the owner of a hotel near Wil- low Street, and has found liis lime amply taken up with the proper management and care of the same. Travelers who lind themselves in this locality are sure of good entertainment and home comforts in this hostelry. Everything about the pl.ace is neat and clean and the rooms are well furnished. .Since becoming the owner of the hotel Mr. Rrcnneman li.is made substantial improvements, and is con- stantly devising new features to be added in bet- tering the property. .laiiiiary l',», I87;3, Mr. Hrenneman was married to Marj- L. Iluber, daughter of Levi and Catherine (Iveeports) Huber. They were born in this county. The father, who was a farmer by occupation, was a Justice of the Peace and also followed surveying a number of 3'ears in this count\'. Mrs. Brenne- man, who w.as born and reared to womanhood in West Lampeter Township, is a most estimable lady and worthy helpmate to her husband in every sense of the word. Two sons and two daughters have come to bless the home of this worthy couple, and in the order of birth are as follows: EInora, Emma M., Clayton 0. and Edgar L. In 1865 Mr. Brenneman was in the service of the Government in the War of the Rebellion, and served for eleven months, having charge of the cavalrj' horses. Politically he is a Republican, having cast his ballot in favor of its nominees since arriving at his majority. Being courteous and agreeable to his patrons and neighbors, he readily makes and retains friends, who esteem liim very highly for the many worthy qualities which are among his characteristics. .'i, Dr. liyerly iiiairicd Annie K. Her- sliey, daughter of Joliu 11. llershey, of I^aneaslcr County. They have had a fanul}' of eiglit chil- dren: John, a graduate of the Miilersville Normal and now at Chester, Delaware County, I'a.; Mary and Alice, who died in childhood; Martha M., a teacher and graduate of the Millersvilli' Normal; .lames W., who was drowned while hulhiii" in the Susquehanna River in 1890; Paul R., Robert C. and Klliel. Dr. Hyerly and his wife are members of the First Presbyterian Church at Lancaster, in which the former is a Rulinur Elder. B EN.IAMIN 15. MYl.lN is one of the thrifty and well-to-do f:irmers of West Lampeter Township, Lancaster County. He is a very active Republican, and lias at different times served in public capacities, discharging his duties with promptness and lidelity. Personally he bears a high reputation for honorable and upright deal- ings with his fellow-men, and is always found in the front ranks in works of improvement and public benefit. Our subject comes from one of the old and re- spected families of this locality, and his paternal grandfather, who bore the Christian name of Martin, formerly owned and cultivated the farm which is now in the possession of our subject. During nearly all of his life he followed agricultural pur- suits and was verj- successful. He married Eliza- beth Buckwalter, by whom he had a family com- prising seven children, Daniel, Benjamin, Abram, Martin, Elizabeth, Betsy, and Mary, who married a Mr. Haverstick. Elizabeth became the wife of Benjamin Buckwalter. Martin Mylin lived to a good old age, his death occurring in 1842, when he was in his sevCnty-liflh year. Daniel Mylin, the father of our ^ubject, was reared on the old homestead, now in the pos- session of his son, and in addition to general farm- ing, has made a specialty of raising and dealing in fine blooded stock. He was a very active Repub- lican, was much interested in educational affairs, I and several limes was elected to serve as School I Director of this township. By his marriage with Elizabeth Hess he had a family of four children, in order of birth as follows: Eannie, Benjamin B., I Elizabeth and Mary. The mother of these cliil- i dren was a daughter of Henry Hess, a wealthy and infinenlial citizen of Lancaster County. Benjamin B. Mylin obtained his primary educa- tion in the schools of West Lampeter Townshjp, which was supplemented by a term of three months at the Mt. J03' Academy, of Mt. Joy, this state. His first active employment in life was on the farm where he w.as born, and which has since been the scene of his labor. This property was purchased from William Peiin about 1G3G, by the ancestors of the Alder f.-wnily; as it now stands there are about ninety acres within its boundaries and the farm is considered one of the best in the township. Our subject has recently purchased of A. 8. Mylin one hundred and two acres of land that was pur- chased of William Penn about the year 1G36; it had never changed hands since the purchase of Penn till September 26, 1894, the property having been handed down from one generation to another. It is especially adapted to the raising of fine stock, and the owner gives considerable of his time and attention to this branch of business. The farm is well improved, having good fences and substantial buildings. A deep well and small creek give abun- dance of water for stock and other purposes, and on the place are a fine orchard, numbers of beautiful shade trees and everything necessary' for the com- fort and convenience of the family. Mr. Mylin is a practical and thorough agriculturist, who gives his personal attention to every detail of farm work, and takes great pride in keeping everything in the best repair. In 1857 Mr. Mjlin was married to Miss Mary 350 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Good, and of their union have been born three chil- dren, namely: Lizzie G., D. Clayton and Emlin B. The parents have long been members of the German Reformed Church, and active workers in the or- ganization. As previously mentioned, Mr. Mylin has been active in local political affairs, has been several times a School Director, and for one term served as Township Supervisor. :^>^^<^ JOHN E. SCHUM is a member of the famous old house known as Philip Schum, Son & Co., of Lancaster, which was established in 185ti, and since that time has been en- gaged in the manufacture of quilts, counterpanes, coverlets, blankets, carpets, etc. The firm do a large and successful business, and have a reputation the country over for the finest quality of goods in their line, their trade, which is continually en- larging, covering almost ever}' section of the Union. John E. Schuni was born in this city, August 10, 1846, being a son of Philip, a native of Hesse- Darmstadt, who came to this country in his young manhood and here learned the weaver's trade. He established the present important house in 1856, being first engaged in weaving quilts and blankets; in time the manufacture of carpets and similar goods was begun, and later the dj-eing department became one of its best features. In 1874 the enterprising founder added the coal busi- ness to his other enterprises and succeeded beyond his expectations in his ventures, becoming quite well-to-do. With his second wife he was riding across the Pennsylvania Railroad tracks ,luly 9, 1880, and they were accidently killed, he being then in his sixty-fourth year. For many years prior to his death he was active in the work of the Evan- gelical Church, and in politics he was a stalwart Republican. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Anna Margaret Bond, and her birth occurred in Hesse-Darmstadt. Her father. John Bond, a native of Germanj', was a school teacher, and later became a minister in the Luth- eran Church, in which field he is still laboring. Mrs. Anna Margaret Schum died F"ebruary 1, 1878, and of her nine children who grew to maturity only six arc now living. The seccmd son, Will- iam, was in the Regular United States Army, be- ing a member of Company B, Fourth United States Infantr3% and died after he left the service. John E. Schum was reared in Lancaster, attend- ing the excellent public schools of this city, and then for three terms was a student in the Union Seminar}' at New Berlin, Pa., after which he grad- uated from a commercial college in Philadelphia. With his father he learned the business of weav- ing and kept the books of the companj' during his vacations. For his own satisfaction he made a study of the German language, and was equally conversant with German and English. In the year 1863 our subject enlisted as a private in Compan\' I, Fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantry, being mustered in at Ilarrisburg, in response to the emergency call, and served at Gettysburg and along the Potomac River. On his return Mr. Schum went to Washington, D. C, and entered the (lovernment employ as a member of the Home Guard. In 1864, on the invasion of the Capitol by the rebels, he took u]) arms against the enemy guarding the Government Flour Mills on the Potomac on the night of April 5, 1865, when Lin- coln was assassinated. In 1878 John E. Schum be- came a partner with his father, and in time Charles Ilolzworth was admitted to the business. The part- ners both thoroughly understand the business in which they are engaged, and their trade is ra|)idly growing in each of its several departments. The premises they occup}' are central and extensive, the machinery used is modern, and they furnish employment to a large number of skilled workmen. In addition to this the firm owns a woolen mill at New Milltown, modernly equipped mills, with good water power. In Lancaster in 1H67 Mr. Schum married Miss Mary J. Hillis, a native of this county, and daugh- ter of Hugh Hillis, who is engaged in the boot and shoe business in Philadelphia, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Schum have a pleasant home at No. 311 South PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 351 Prince Street; it is gladdened by the presence of their four children, Lois Alraa, Carroll A., Clifford L. and Claudius M. For some five or six years Mr. Schurn has served as a member of the Town Council from the Fourth Ward, liavin<5 been elected on the Rcpublic.Hn ticket, and for four yeai-s was a member of the Select Council from the same ward, serving on all important committees, and for four yeai-s was Chairman of the Fire Committee. He is a member of Monterey Lodge No. 242, I. (). (). V.; is a Knight of Pythias and a member of lilue Cross Castle No. 46, Order of the Knights of the Golden Eagle. He is President and Past Officer of Lodge Xo. 108, B. V. H. F.. of which he is also Tre.isurer. Mr. Schum is identified with, and is also numbered among the membei-s of Rey- nolds Post No. 405, G. A. R., having been a dele- gate and re|iresentative to the Encampment at Philadelphia and many other places, and at present is Trustee of his post. Active in the work of the church, our subject holds n)ember- ship with St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Con- gregation; he is President of the Hoard of Trustees and couductji a large Bible chiss. In politics he is a Republican in the truest and best sense, and in every possible manner assists in the upbuilding and prosperity of this city. REUBEN SMITH OSTER & BRO. come of one of the ver^- oldest and most respected families of Lancaster County, and are pro- gressive business men. They are engaged in gen- eral blacksmith work, in paving and in artificial stone work, in the successful accomplishment of which the}' have acquired a vcy favorable repu- tation. Reuben Smith Oster was born in Lancaster, which has since been his home, June 1, 1833, being a son of William and Elizabeth (Major) Oster. Both parents and both grandfathers of our subject were also natives of this city. William Oster, the paternal grandfather, was a shoemaker by trade and carried on a shop, doing custom work. During the War of 1812 he took up arms in the defense of !iis country, and was a noteworthy citizen. His father, Henry Oster, was also born in this city, on Mulberry Street, before the Revolutionary War, in whicii he participated. He was of German descent, a slioeinaker by tr.ide and a member of the Luth- eran Church. The maternal grandfather, Jesse .Major, whose birth occurred in Lancaster, passed his entire life here, engaged in the hatter's and furrier's business. He married a Miss Anthony, and his ancestors were Scotch. Our subject's father, William Oster, was a black- smith, and carried on his business b}' the side of the one run by his sons. His death occurred in 1872, at the age of sixty-one yeai-s, while his wife died in 1855, aged forty-two years. The mother of William Oster was a daughter of Wilhelm Smith, who was one of the Hessian soldiers in the Revo- lutionary War. He was taken prisoner at Trenton and was brought to Lancaster, being held for four years in bondage, and serving for a Mr. Crough in the tanning business; after his release he followed his trade as a shoemaker. William and Elizabeth Oster became the parents of ninecliildren, eight of whom grew to mature years, and Reuben S. is the eldest of the family. Henry A. was in the Civil War, in the I'ennsylvania Reserves, and is now a blacksmith in this state; Jlary A. is the wife of John Evans, of Middletown, Pa.; Elizabeth is Mrs. Francisco, of this city; Margaret, Mrs. Cheney, also makes her home in this place; Catherine is the wife of James Fulton, of Baltimore; William Major is in partnership with his eldest brother, and Jacob is foreman in a blacksmith shop in Philadelpiiia. Reuben Smith Oster received a common school education in this city, afterward attending the Philadelphia Central High School from 1844 to 1850. On his return to this city he served an ap- prenticeship with Andrew McGinnies for four years and became a practical workman. F"or a time he worked at journe_vinan wages, and in 1857 started a shop with his father on the location of the pres- ent business. In August, 1861, he volunteered in the Government service, being placed in theQuar- 352 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. termaster's department as blacksmith, and followed tlie Army of the Potomac, his work being mainly on wagons. At the end of four months he re- turned home and continued in business. The shop was removed in 1862 and a specialty was made of building railroad cars for individual firms until the father's death in 1872, when our subject took his brotlier William into partnership. They formerly manufactured railroad tools and cars un- til crowded out by the larger manufacturers. Of late years the firm have drifted into other business ventures and have been quite successful in placing granite curbing, crossing stones, steps and sills, Belgium and Asphalt block, cement and artificial stone work, cellar floors, etc. They employ from twent^'-five to forty-five hands, doing much work in the city, and also in the adjoining counties. The cement used in their work is all imported from England and Germany, the stone from Ft. Deposit and Hudson, and the curbing from Maine and Cape May. The office of the firm is at No. 324 North Prince Street. Formerly' a Whig, Mr. Oster is now a stanch Republican and was a member of the City Board of Water Commissioners when the new water works were built. He is a member of Lancaster Lodge No. 67, I. O. O. F.; Washington Encampment No. 11, and the Odd Fellows' Endowment Association of Alleglien}' City. He is a member of the Order of Red Men and the Senior Order of United Amer- ican Mechanics, belonging to Conestoga Council No. 8, in which he has been an officer three times, and is a member of Lodge No. 68, K. of P. Rcligiouslj' Mr. Oster holds membershii) with St. John's Lutheran Church. His substantial home is at No. 435 North Water Street. William M. Oster, junior member of the firm of R. S. Oster & Bro., was born in Philadelphia, Feb- ruary 18, 1848. His education was obtained in the public and high schools of Lancaster, and in 1862 he commenced learning the blacksmith's trade with his father. Subsequently he was in the Lan- caster Locomotive Works, and when they were completed worked for some time for the Phila- delphia & Columbia Railroad. Later he returned to work for his father and brother, and in 1872 became a member of the firm. In 1876 young William became chief mailing clerk in the Post- office under James H. Marshall, continuing until the change of administration. Since that tune he has been engaged in business with his brother, and has shown that he is a young man of good ability. September 19, 1872, William Oster married Miss Harriet Witmc^-er, who was born in Manheim Town- ship, and whose father, Frederick, was a tinsmith there. Mr. and Mrs. Oster have five children: Reuben .S., a graduate of the high school and a bookKeeper with Osborn & Hartman; Stella W.,also a graduate of the high school and now engaged in leaching school in this citj'; William Ward, a mem- ber of the Class of '95 in the high school; Nellie and Mary. The home of the family is at No. 520 North Duke Street and they attend St. John's Lutheran Church. Mr. Oster is an Odd Fellow, belonging to Monterey Lodge No. 242, and Wash- ington Encanii)nient No. 11. Besides these he is associated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows' Endowment Society t>f Allegiien}- City. ^^-^^ FREDRICK ENGLE was born in Lan- caster on the nth of July, 1835. His father, Martin M., was a caltinet-maker .and wood carver by trade, and established a busi- ness of his own, married and died in early life. Our subject's grandmother, whose maiden name was Catherine Anne, was a native of Lancaster and her father's name was Conrad Anne; the latter located in Lancaster and followed farm- ing. Conrad Anne's wife was the daughter of John Stockslagel, who settled at Lancaster and reared a large family of children. Six or seven of their sons fought in the Revolutionary War. Our subject's mother died at the age of sixty-five years, having reared four children, our subject being the eldest, and the only one who still sur- vives. Mr. Engle received a common school education, and worked in the cotton mills until seventeen JACOB L. FREY. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 355 years of age, at which time he was apprenticed to learn the trade of a moulder, after which he went to New Orleans, and in 1857 wc)rkcd at his trade in that city about six niontlis; lie then returned to Lancaster, where lie pursued his trade un- til 1861. when he enlisted in the Tenth Pennsyl- vania Infantry as a member of Companj- E. He served in the three months' call, after which he re- entisted in llie Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania In- fantr}- as a member of Company K. lie served three years and participated in all the battles in which his rcfjiment was engaged. He was mustered out as Sergeant after a four ycai-s' service for his country. During the whole time of the Civil War he was never sick or wounded and made an excellent soldier. At the close of the great strife between the north and the south, he wurked in the navy yard at Philadelphia until he was retired un- der Andrew Johnson, when he returned to Lan- caster. He was variously engaged until 1871, wiien he eng.iged in the bottling business on Rock- land .Street. He subsequently built two residences and purchased the bottling works of John Casper, the oldest bottler of the city, which business he has greatly extended and made very successful. He bottles mineral water, ale, etc., and runs four wagons throughout Lancaster County. In 1886 he purchased a thirty-three acre tract at the foot of South Prince Street, which has proven a valuable property. Another one of our subject's enterprises was the erection of a large ho- tel known as Eugleside Hotel, which he rents. In 1893, the Citizens Electric Light Works were organ- ized and he became a stockholder. He also owns a gristmill, provided with water-power and gas, producing about thirty horse-power. Our subject was married at Lancaster to Eliza- beth Suter, a native of the same place and the daughter of Rudolph Suter, a shoemaker by trade. Mr. and Mrs. Engle have had five interesting chil- dren: Rudolph, who died at the age of twenty-four years; Katie, at home; Fred, in charge of the bot- tling works; Godfred, attending a horological in- titute, and Lewis, at home. Our subject is a worthy member of Perfection Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and also belongs to the Odd Fellows. He is numbered among the old 14 veterans of the late war, and belongs to George II. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. Politically he is a Republican, and in religious matters is identi- fied with the Reformed Church. (^ ^-^ t^^ :£) m^ ^ JACOB L. FREY is the oldest leaf tobacco dealer in the city of Lancaster, and through his untiring industry and good business qual- ifications has uccumulaled a handsome com- petency. Of his early life it may be said that he was born in Lancaster July 2'J, 1825. His father and grandfather, both of whom bore the name of .Jacob, were also born in this locality, and the latter was anu^ng the early general dealers and owned valuable projierty on West King Street. At one time they kept a large wholesale establishment, the goods for which were freighted in b}' Conestoga wjigons, as this was long prior to the advent of railroads. The family is of German origin. Grand- father Frey having emigrated with a brother from Germany and settled in Lancaster Count3\ In re- ligious belief he was a member of the German Re- formed Church. Our subject's father was a volunteer in the War of 1812, but his company being already made up, he was never in active service. Later he engaged in general merchandising on West King Street and followed the retail business until his death, in 1869, at which time he was seventy-seven yeai-s of age. When the Pennsylvania Railroad belonged to the state he was the accountant for that great highway S3"stem. He was a member of the Com- mon Council for a number of years, and in wliat- ever position he was placed, always acquitted him- self manfully. In religious matters he was an ad- herent to the German Reformed Church. Our subject's mother, whose maiden name was Maria Ilaverstick, was born in Lancaster County, and was the daughter of William Ilaverstick, a na- tive of Philadelphia. She died in 1876, aged 356 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD eiglity-two years. By her marriage to Jacob Frey the following nine children were born and reared: Catherine, widow of Jacob King, and a resident of Lancaster; William H., residing in Milltown, N. J.; Annie, the widow of Isaac Diller; Jacob L., the sub- ject of this sketch; Amanda, who is tlie widow ol Jacob Roth and resides at Marietta; Maria, Mrs. John B. Markley, of Lancaster; Emiline, Mrs. John D. Skiles, of Lancaster; James B., who died in March, 1894; and Adaline, wife of Dr. Fred Gast, of Lancaster. Within the environments of his native city our subject spent his early life attending tlie public schools and a private scliool, also assisting his par- ents. When a mere boy he commenced clerking in his father's store, learning the business in all its details, and at the age of nineteen years he engaged in the manufacture of cigars on his own account, beginning in a small way, and has been constantly engaged in the tobacco business since 1854. As early as 1846 he took the first three cases ever sent from Lancaster County to New York City, and followed that line of work from time to time. He manufactured cigars until 1884, and had in his em- ploy as many as forty men at one time. He took out the first license for the manufacture of cigars in his county, as well as the first in the Ninth Dis- trict of Pennsylvania. He built a large warehouse and factory, and not infrequently packed fifteen hundred cases per annum. Within the corporation of Lancaster he owns a twenty-five acre tract which is constantly being improved for city property purposes. His residence atNos. 213-215 WestKing Street is on the site of the old homestead, erected about 1827. July 28, 1851, in the above mentioned residence, long since gray with age, our subject was united in marriage with Miss Caroline Hanuni, a native of Lancaster. Her father, Joseph Hanum, was born in Germany, but came to Lancaster at an early day and was engaged in the bakery business on West King Street. By this union the following named children were born : Mrs. Cecelia Frey, of Lancaster County; William, who died in boyhood; Mrs. Mary Rathbon, of Danville, Va.; Mrs. Annie Voorhees, of Milltown, N. J.; Emma, Mrs. Shaeffer, who died in Lancaster; Charles H., a boot and shoe dealer of Lancaster; William D., associated with our subject; Ella, James F. and Lillie, at home. Politically Mr. Frey has always affiliated with the Democratic party and served two terms in the Common Council from the First Ward in Lancas- ter, being elected on the Democratic ticket, not- withstanding the fact that the ward was Republi- can. He is a consistent member of St. Paul's Re- formed Church and stands high in the community in which he lives. In looking back over the years of a well spent life, he has the satisfaction of know- ing that he has in a measure succeeded in reach- ing the ambition of his youthful days. As he ap- proaches the sundown of life, he is gradually retiring from active business and will from this time on give his attention to his real estate inter- ests. :0#(^ (~X AMUEL M. MYLIN has devoted his life ^^j almost entirely to farming, and with the result that he is now numbered among the most jirogressive agriculturists of Pequea Town- ship. He is highl\' esteemed by his friends and neighbors, who have frequently called upon him to serve in public affairs. Like a true patriot and good citizen, tiie cause of education finds in him a friend, and for one term he served as a School Director. For a period of over twenty years, he has officiated in the capacity of Justice of the Peace, and his honorable and u[)right methods in all the walks of life have gained for him much praise. Abram Mylin, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was born July 30, 1775, in West Lampeter Township. Like his descendants, he was a farmer, following that occupation for many years upon the property owned by John B. Mylin, in West Lampeter Township. His son, Abram B., the fa- ther of Samuel M. Mylin, passed the main part of his life in Pequea Township, and from his early years was a farmer. On arriving at manhood, lie chose for his wife Miss Elizabeth Myers. Of PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL RF.CORD. 367 their niarriaije fliree srms were born: Samuel M., Franklin; and Abrain, whose death occurred on the loth of March, 1878. The father was a de- voted member of the Old Mennonite Church, and was a very honorable and wortliy man in every respect. Politically he was a Whig, and was ac- tively interested in his party affairs. His fellow- townsmen elected him Supervisor at two different times, and he acquitted himself in a most credit- able manner of all the duties devolvin<2; upon him in that capacity. As a supporter of educational affairs he is zealous, and as far as possible lends his assistance to progress in this direction. For four terms he served as School Director, and was al- ways in favor of obtaining the best teachers possi- ble and in giving the children good advantages. The birth of .Samuel M. Mylin occurred Novem- ber 30, 1841, in Peqiiea Township, and his earl}' years were passed upon his father's farm. Until attaining his sixteenth year, he was a student in the common school of the neighborhood during the winter seasons, and was of great assistance to his father in general farm work. Under the prac- tical training of the latter, he became conversant with every department of agriculture, and this knowledge has proved most valuable to him in his later years. The farm which he owns and culti- vates at the present time contains fifty acres, which is well improved' with good fences, barns and outbuildings. The pleasant and thrift}' home of Mr. Mylin is presided over by his estimable wife, who was formerly Miss Mary A. Breneman, to whom he was married in November, 1870. Three sons and four daughters have come to bless their union, and in the order of birth are as follows: Anna L., Chris- tian B., Martha, Samuel, Frances, Martin and Alice. Their parents are giving them good educational ad- vantages, and the family are highly respected and well thought of by their friends and neighbors. Mr. Mvlin uses his right of franchise in the sup- port of Republican principles and nomiuees, tak- ing a very active and interested part in local and National politics. He is a strong believer in the idea of protection for American industries, and is a man who is well informed on the general and current affairs of the day. He takes the leading local newspai>ers and periodicals, thus keeping fully abreast of the times in matters of moment and progress. :^#G= /^"V HARRY HRI.MMER, who, in company V^y with his brotlier, .lohn F., is carrying on the business of a liveryman in Lancaster, is a shrewd business man and is making a success of his enterprise. He is honorable in his dealings with his fellow-inen, and is regarded with a due measure of esteem by those about him. Frederick Brimmer, the father of our subject, was born in Germany, and emigrated for the New World when a lad of fourteen years. His father, George Brimmer, was also born in the Fatherland, and came with his family to the United Strifes and spent the remainder of his life in Lancaster. The father of our subject was reared on a farm, and when old enough apprenticed himself to learn the trade of a baker, after which he established him- self in business on Water Street in this cit}', and later on North (Jueen Street. In 1872 Frederick Brimmer abandoned the occu- pation of a baker and started in the livery busi- ness, building up a good patronage and conducting the business until his decease in 1887. He was a member of the Common Council from the Sixth Ward on one occasion, and was ever found to be true to the duties and responsibilities imposed upon him in that official position. He was a de- voted member of the Trinity Lutheran Church, in which he was Elder for some time. He was mar- ried to Miss Christine Poist, also a native of the Fatherland, who came to America with her father, Peter Poist. She died in 1861. The parental family of our subject included nine children, only three of whom grew to mature years, and two are now living. On the death of his first wife Frederick Brimmer was married to Harriet Lively, of Philadelphia, who is still living in Lancaster. C. Harry, of this sketch, was the eld- est of the famil}-, and his brother John F. is en- 358 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. gaged in business with liim. Tbe latter is also engaged in dealing in leaf tobacco, which is found to be a very profitable business in this state. Our subject was born in Lancaster, November 4. 1863, and was educated in the common and high schools of the city. Completing his education at the age of fifteen years, }'oung Brimmer learned the baker's trade under his father, working with him until the latter quit the business, when he carried on the bakery alone for two years. At the end of that time he sold out and engaged with his father in the livery business, being his clerk and the manager of the oflice. On his death, he succeeded to the business in company with hfs brother. The stable is located at No. 153 North Queen Street, and occupies a space 35x245 feet in size. The first floor is occupied by the horses' stalls, tiie second floor is used for storing carriages, and the third for sleighs. They have in their barn about fifty head of horses and a splendid assortment of all kinds of rigs. The original of this sketch was married in 1876 to Miss Margie, daughter of Benjamin nenvvood,a shoe manufacturer of this city. To tiiem have been born five ciiildren, Howard, Daisy, Charles, Mary and Clarence, the two latter being twins. The family occupy a comfortable residence at No. 145 East Chestnut Street. In social affairs Mr. Brim- mer is a member of the Royal Arcanum, and in religious affairs belongs to St. Paul's Reformed Church. TEVEN J. OWENS, ex-City Treasurer of Lancaster, now an extensive dealer in pianos and organs, will form the subject of this notice. Of his early career it may be said that he was born in Uniontown, Carroll County, Md., September 22, 1850, and is the son of Rev. John C. Owens, a native of Cecil County, Md. Grand- father Owens was a farmer of the same state, and ■was of Scotch-Irish descent. In the true sense of the word, our subject's father was a self-made man; in religious matters he was a Methodist, and later in life preached for the Church of God. In 1862 he removed to Mt. Joy, where he became pastor of that church, and subsequently preached at numerous places, including Altoona and Lan- caster. He retired from the ministry in 1878 and died in 1882, aged seventj^-seven years. Our subject's mother, whose maiden name was Nancy Miller, was a native of Smithville, Lancaster County, Pa. The Millers were farmers by occupa- tion, and were of German descen.t. The mother still lives with our subject, having attained the advanced age of eighty-one years. There were two children in the family, our subject, Steven J., and Jennie E., now Mrs. Luchenbach, of Lancaster. Steven J. Owens spent his youthful days at various places attending the public schools until reaching the age of thirteen years, soon after which he learned telegraphi' at Mt. Joy. At the age of fourteen he was placed in charge of a sta- tion at that point, and continued with the Penn- sylvania Railroad Company at Harrisburg, Little- town, Elizabethtown and other points until 1881, when he located at Lancaster in the grocery and fruit trade, which line he followed for two years. He then embarked in the music business, locating at No. 24 North Queen Street in a building 15x90 feet in dimensions, in which he carried a large stock of the best makes of pianos and organs. December 12, 1876, marked a new era in this man's life, for upon that day he was united in marriage to Miss Elizabeth Greider, a native of Lancaster County, and a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. B. M. Greider, of Mt. Joy. Two children bless this union: Lulu and Paul. Politically our subject aftilintes with the Democratic party, and among the local offices he has held may be mentioned that of member of the School Board from the Sixth Ward, which position he held for three years. In 1892 he was elected by the City Council as Treas- urer and Receiver of Taxes for Lancaster; this po- sition was unsolicited upon his part. Through his hands passed $450,000 during that year. Socially Mr. Owens is a member of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., as well as to Perfection Lodge, Sixteenth De- gree. He is an acceptable member of the Church of God; has held official positions in the church, PORTRAIT AND ]}I0GRAPII1CAL RECORD. 359 and was Superintendent of the Sunday-school for six years. Our subject's residence at No. COJ Nortli Duke Street is a lmnareiiU of two children, HaiTj and Clyde. Mrs. Sliissleris a member of the Duke .Street Methodist Ki)isc(>))al C'hiircli and is a lad}' of great refinement and education. In 1890 Simon Shissler was elected as a member of the City Council from the First Ward, which is Rf publican, but was cariied with a good majority by the Democrats. He served acceptably for one term, and in 1892 was elected President of the Council by a large majority. As such he served «.n the Special Water Committee, which in 1892 placed in ojieration the ten million gallon pumps. The following year he removed to the Fifth Ward, where he is still making his home. He belongs to L(,)dge No. 4.3, F. it A. M., and is also afliliatcd with the Knights of the Golden Kagle, the Knights of Malta and the Junior (^rder of American Me- chanics. For several years our subject was Presi- dent of the Cigarniakers Branch of the Knights of Labor, and was Representative and Delegate to llarrisburg in order to have certain laws ])asscd in the interest of the labor organizations of this cit}'. P HI LIP RUDY, one of the important busi- ness factors of the city of Lancaster, en- g.iged in the manufacture of and retail trade in harness, was bom in Median icsburg, Lan- caster County, Pa., on the 19th of February, 1846. He is the son of Fellas Rudy, a native of the same county, whose father was of German descent, and both were devoted to farming. Our sub- ject's father was a stonemason by trade, locating in Lancaster in 1851, where he worked at that trade, and was also a teamster in the army during the late war. He died at the age of seventy-six years, in 1890. He was a consistent member of the German Reformed Church, in which society he held numerous otticia! positions. In politics he was a Republican. Our subject's mother, Anna Elizabeth (Fenstennaker) Rudy, was a native of Lanc.ister County, and lived on a farm near the cit3'. She passed from earth in 1893, aged seven- ty-six years. Our subject is one of a family of nine children, all of whom grew to manhood and womanhood, and seven of whom are now living. John W., who was a soldier in the War of the Rebellion, was a member of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania Regiment, and now resides at Lan- caster. Henry, who w-is also in tlie army, a mem- ber of the One Hundred and Ninety-tiflh Penn- sylvania Regiment, now resides at Lancaster. Mr. Rudy w.as reared in Lancaster, and educated in the public schools of this city. At the age of twelve yeare he went to work in a cotton mill, and four years later was ainircnticed to learn the harness and saddlery trade, but in 1864, when the Civil War cloud threatened the life of the nation, he left the shop, and vt)lunteered as a member of Company' G,()ne Hundred and Ninety-fifth Penn- sylvania Infantry, and was mustered in at Harris- burg for one hundred days, after which he re- turned to the harness trade, continuing until 1868 in the same shop. At this date lie engaged with a Mr. Musser, with whom he was employed until 1876. when he engaged in business for himself, opening a shop in the basement of a building at No. 241 North Queen Street. In 1890 he built his present commodious quarters. His building is 34x74 feet, three stories in height. The first floor of this building is provided with gl.iss cases, fifty feet in length, extending from the floor to the ceil- ing, in which a fine display of his goods is made, including ready made harness of all stj-Ies, robes, horse blankets, turf goods and horse supplies. Seven workmen are employed constantly in this shop, and montli bj' month the business is increas- ing under the skillful management of a man who is thoroughly acquainted with the business in which he is engaged. Our subject was united in marri.ige in October, 1872, to Miss Anna Elizabeth Sheer, a native of Lancaster. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. W. C. F. Sheer. Mrs. Rudy's father is a retired confectioner. Mr. and Mrs. Rudy are the parents of five children: Mary E., William Sheer, Anna Grace, Marian F. and Philip Harold. Mr. Rudy is an honored member of the Inde- 362 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. pendent Order of Odd Fellows, as well as of Lodge No. 68, K. of P., and of the Endowment Rank of the same order. For sever.al 3-ears he has also been identified with the Ancient Order of United Work- men and Kniglits of tlie Golden P^agle. He is an acceptable member of the Lutheran Church, in which work he has ever taken an active part, and is a member of the Church Council. Politically, Mr. Rudy believes that the best interests of the country are maintained by a loyal support of the Republican party. 4^ HENRY A. BRADY is senior member of Brady's Lodged Tool Works, this business having been established in 1805 bj- his grandfather, David Brady, thus being one of the oldest industries in the country. The firm is known as William Brady & Sons, and their wares are in great demand, as they have been for many decades, and the work put forth by this concern is uniformly excellent in quality of material and fine workmanship. In the late war H. A. Brady went to the defense of the Union, and in times of peace likewise has shown himself to be a patriotic and loyal citizen. The Internal grandfather of our subject, David Brady, was a son of Alexander Brady, a native of the northern part of Ireland, who came in the last century to Lancaster County, and was a soldier in the War of the Revolution. David Brady learned his trade from Val Hoffman, in this locality, and engaged in business for himself in Mt. .Joy in 1824, having there removed his works from Lan- caster. His son William continued the business after his death, in 1843. Subsequently he built a new shop and introduced steam power, increasing and constantly enlarging the works. They were destroyed by Are in 1872 and the same year were rebuilt, but in 1875 it was found best to remove the plant to Lancaster. In 1857 William Brady was the first to manufacture feed cutter knives. which he made for a Harrisburg firm, and in time this branch of the industry became so extensive that thousands were sliipped to every part of the United States, and orders from single houses were often for seven thousand at one time. On this ac- count the firm abandoned making edged tools and turned their attention to the manufacture of heavy goods. Henry A. being taken into partnership the firm became William Brady & Son, and in 1875 their business in this city was started in the old Rifle Works. The present plan wasstarted in 1887, and the location is now at Nos. 309 and 311 North Cherry Street, a two-story brick shop, 45x60 feet in dimensions. A special grade of iron is neces- sary in their trade, and besides the feed cutter mentioned, knives from six to twenty-six inches in length, sheares, corn shellers, etc., for which they have large sales, are made here. The engine is of fifteen horse-power with large boilers. Two steam hammers are used and two large grindstones 6x10 feet in dimensions, with other modern machinery, are to be found in the plant. In former years all the pick-axes in use in this part of the country, and also axes and hatchets, were manufactured by this firm, and in those lines they still maintain a large trade. Our subject's father departed this life March 4, 1890, being nearly seventy-two years of age. In politics he was a stanch Republican, and religious- ly was a devoted member of the Union Bethel Church of God. His wife, Ann (Johnston) Brady, was born in Virginia, where her father was a con- tractor and builder. Mrs. Brady's death occurred in 1886, and of her large family of twelve children, only two sons and two daughters survive to mourn her loss. Henry A. Brady of this sketch is tbe eldest of his father's family, his birth having occurred in Mt. Joy, June 1, 1841, and in that village he passed his boyhood in attending the common schools, and afterward learned his father's business. In Ma}^ 1861, he volunteered as one of the first in the United States Marine Corps for a term of four years. He was at once sent to the St. Lawrence and thence to the Admiral's headquarters at Key West, Fla., !)eing stationed in that vicinity for two years and three months, during which time he had PORTRAIT AND HIOGRAnilCAL RECORD. 363 an attack of the yellow fever. In Marcli, 1862, lie was at Ilaiiipton Roads witnessing tlie battle he- twoiMi the '"Monitor" and "Mcrrininc," and in .time of that year became connected with the Kastein Gnlf Squadron. Later being sent north to the Portsnioutli Navy Yards, lie was there stationed until his discharge May 13, 1805, being mustered out in Monise Navy Yards at Portsmouth, N. H., as Corporal. Returning home he entered his fa- ther's employ in US(J8, being taken into partner- shi|i. In IHCG Mr. Hrady was married at Mt. Joy, to Miss Susan M. .Shearer, a native of this county, and they have three children, Charles B., a prac- tical workman in his fattier's business; Kdith, wife of E. D. Sprecher, of this place, and Lyman IL, who is engaged in merchandising in Philadel|)hia. Many varieties of goods manufactured by the firm of William Hrady Si Sons have found sale in foreign countries, particularly in Brazil and other South American states, which import cutlery, shcarcs and spears to a large extent. A brother of our subject, W. Scott Brady, is now a partner in the firm, with which he has been so connected since 1887. He is a tine mechanic and a thortmgh work- man, having learned his trade in his father's shop. lie was born in Mt. Joy in 1860, and is numbered among the enterprising young business men of the cit}'. Our subject is a Republican in politics and fraternally belongs to Admiral Reynolds Post No. 40.5, G. A. R., and is also connected with the Union Veterans' Legion No. 14, of which he is a charter member. =0#^Q: ROBERT C. SELDOMRIDGE, who is named among the most enterprising merchants of the cit}' of Lancaster, will form the sub- ject of this notice. He was born in Monterey, this count}', December 31, 1862, and is a son of B. T. Seldomridge, a native of Lancaster County, born near New Holland. Our subject's grandfather, Isaac Seldomridge, was also a native of the same county; he was a farmer bj' occupation, in religious matters was a Lutheran, and died at the age of eighty- years. Our subject's father learned the sad- dler's business, and established himself in the same at Monterey in 1860, and isstill thus engaged. He has always been an active man, has been School Director for eighteen years, and is a member of the German Reformed Church, with which he has been identified for many j'ears. Our subject's mother's maiden name was Sarah Bursk, and she was born in I'pper Leacock Town- ship, the daughter of Robert Bursk; the father was a native of Bucks County. The Bursk fam- ily trace their ancestry back to the time when three brothers were captured by the Indians, and one of the number lived to escape. He settled in Bucks County and had three sons; one of these was the great-grandfather of Robert Bursk. He w.as a blacksmith b}- trade and followed that, to- gether with fanning, in the I'pper Leacock coun- try. He died aged seventy-three; he was a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Our subject was the eldest of a family of five children, and he bad the advantages of the com- mon school system of that dny. In 1879 he began clerking in Lancaster, under D. S. Bursk, with whom he remained twelve years, the last three years of which he was the manager of a branch store in the West End. In 18;)1 he opened his present store in a new building, the same being 30x90 feet in size, with basement. He uses the third floor of his building for storage purposes. His stock is a complete assortment of staple and fancy groceries. He is an importer of French peas, mushrooms, olives and olive oil from France, and all of his canned goods bear his own label. Our subject also does quite a wholesale business, and runs two delivery wagons regularly, einplo3'ing from eight to eleven hands. His whole attention is paid to the grocery business, of which he has made a complete success. The location of his spa- cious store is at Nos. ) 8 and 20 North Queen Street. Mr. Seldomridge was united in marriage June 16, 1886, at Intercourse, to Miss Ilariel E. Sample, the daughter of Dr. and Mrs. S. R. Sample. Her father is an old jir-aclitioner at the town of Inter- course. Three children bless the home of our sub- 364 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPmCAL RECORD. ject and his wife, Edna R., Florence A. and Robert B. Mr. Seldom ridge is a member of the Odd Fel- lows' order, including Ridgley Encampment No. 217, and Lancaster Canton No. 25. He is also an honored member of the Masonic fraternity, being a member of Lodge No. 476, and Perfection Lodge, as well as being identified with Inland City Lodge No. 88, K. of P. In matters of religion, our subject is a consistent, active member of the Lutheran Cliurch, and in politics votes the Republican ticket. OCv*'5-*-5"5"5"!'**-5'*^++'{"5"5"i"5'*++++» HENRY F. MYERS, M. D., is one of the promising young [ih^'sicians and surgeons of Lancaster, and those who arc best ac- quainted with his ability and the work he has ac- complished, confidently predict for him a most suc- cessful career, and judging by the start he has made tills seems bound to be fulfilled. He is a young man of more than ordinary intellect and informa- tion, and is prominently identified with several medical associations, literary and political societies. Dr. Myers was born in this city June 10, 1870, and comes of sturdj' German ancestors, to whose ef- forts the development of this region is almost en- tirely due. His father, Paul Myers, was born in Ger- many, and when only two years old was brought by his parents to America, and reared on a farm in Hempfield Township, Lancaster County. During the War of the Rebellion he was a member of Com- pany I, in a Pennsylvania regiment, and after the war engaged in the grocery business on North Queen Street for several years. He is now engaged in op- erating his small farm atWitraer's Bridge, near the city, and is toll keeper and Superintendent for two and a-half miles of the Lancaster and Williamston Turnpike Company, this road being the original Philadelphia Pike. Mr. Myers belongs to Admiral Reynolds Post No. 405, G. A. R., and is a leader in his neighborhood in the ranks of the Democracy. He and his family are members of St. Anthony's Catholic Church. His wife, who was born in Rohrers- town, is Mary P., daughter of Stephen Kern. The latter is a native of Germany, and a farmer of this county. To Paul M^'ers and his wife were born six children, five of whom are living, and of these Henry is the eldest. Charles S. is a graduate of the Dentistry Department of the University of Penn- sylvania, and the younger members of the family are Mary A., Albert and Clara L. Dr. Myers graduated from the Lancaster High School in 1889, and is still a member of the Alumni Association of that institution. Soon after gradu- ating he took up the study of medicine under Drs. S. T. (fe M. L. Davis, and in September, 1890, entered the University of Pennsylvania, being enrolled in the Medical Department, from which he graduated June 16, 1893, with the degree of Doctor of Medi- cine. For about two months after leaving school he was substitute for Dr. S. W. Miller in Lancaster County Hospital. The pleasant and central office of Dr. Myers is now located at No. 48 North Prince Street, and he is rapidly acquiring a fine reputation as a general practitioner. He is a member of the Lan- caster City and County Medical Societies, and he still devotes much time to his further improvement, both in theory and practice. Like his parents and other members of the family, he is a member of St. Anthony's Catholic Church, and is a member of St. Michael's Beneficial Society. Since attaining his majority he has been an active and zealous Demo- crat, belonging to the Young Men's Democratic As- sociation, and is a member of the County Commit- tee from the Fortieth District. r=-*-c-<0^ -^ JOSEPH LONG, of Lancaster, makes a specialty of tin roofing, eave troughs and similar work in this line, having a good business and giving employment to upwards of a dozen hands. He was born in this city May 24, 1857, and is a son of Fred G. and Mary (Gegg) Long. The former came from Wurtemberg, Ger- many, in 1848, when in his twenty-ninth year, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 365 and worked as a journeyman in Ibe Lancaster sliop^. [lis trade was that of a inoldcr and uorc- niaker and lie followed tliis callin": at different places in the Altoona car shops niiiniiu^ others, and finally, after his marriage, settled in Lancaster. Later he was engajjed in conducting a notion store, but prior to his death was for some time engaged in the insurance business with the Prudential Life Insurance Company. He w.is a Democrat, and in religion was a Catholic, belnnging to St. Anthony's Congregation. l?y his marriage he had thirteen diildren: Lewis; .loscph; Katie, who died when young; Mar\ , Frank A.. .Amelia. Katie, the second of the name, who is also deceased; Katie; Edie, Harry, Albert and Rosa, and one died in infancy. The father of this family departed this life May 27, 1894, aged seventy-four years. .loseph Long, of this sketch, learned the tin- smith's trade with Mr. Wallei-s, of Lancaster, serv- ing an apprenticeship of three years. Succeeding this he worked as a journeyman for a period of twelve years, and linally, in 1888, embarked in business for himself. As there are few engaged in this branch of work in the city lie has received a large patronage and is making a success of his undertaking. Politicalli' he is a Democrat, but has never been prevailed upon to serve in an olli- cial capacity. He is interested in the Union Build- ing ancasler. The subject of this sketch received a thorough training in farm work, which he has made the business of his life. At one lime he owned one hundred and fourteen acres of the liome farm, upon wliich he resided for twelve yeai-s. After dispos- ing of it he lived in dififerent places until purchas- ing live acres of his previous farm, on which he erected a good residence, suitable barns and outbuildings, and has lived tiiereon for tiie past thirteen years. Our subject and Miss Salinda, daughter of Henrj- Kaufman, were united in marriage in IS.'iS. Their children are respectively: Anna >L, the wife of Henry Snavely, a druggist of Lancaster; one who died in infancy; and Harry K., a dentist engaged in practice in Lancaster. In politics our subject is a firm adherent of the principles of the Republi- can party, and loyally supports its platform and measures. He is a worthy and exemplary member of the Mennonite Church, and contributes liberally to its support. =*^ #^+^^ 1= JOHN W. DUTTEXHOFKR is a dealer in leaf tobacco in Lancaster, and until the 1st of January, 1894, was a member of the firm of H. H. Jliller & Co., having been a partner in that well known concern for a period covering thirteen years. Since this connection was dissolved he has been engaged in business alone and is mak- ing a success of his venture. An active Republi- can, he always attends elections, and in every pos- sible manner tries to give his support to those measures which he deems for the good of the ma- jority. He was born July 31, 1854, at Columbia, Lancaster County, his parents being John G. and Mary (Sheibley) Dutteniiofer. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a native of (-Germany, his home being in AVurtem- berg, and religiously he was a strong adherent of the Lutheran Church. The father of our subject was one in a family comprising three sons and three daughters, and his l)irth occurred in Witten- berg, where he received a good common school ed- ucation, and where he learned the trade of a wheel- wright. This tailing he followed all his life in the United States, being for a sliort time located in York County, Pa., and since 1881 has made his home in Lancaster. He came from Hanover with a brother, and for six years was engaged iu the ore mining business in York County. At the present time, though well along in years, he is still work- ing at his trade at No. 313 Prince Street, doing all kinds of heavy wagon work. In politics he sup- ports the Heimblican party, belongs to Columbia Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and is a member of the Lutheran Church. By his marriage he had the following children: Kmma, Mrs. Samuel Eisen- berger, of Harrisburg; John W.; Charles, a cigar manufacturer on West King Street, Lancaster; Jo- seph, Kate, Christian; Harry, a carpenter in the Empire State, and one who died in infancy. In order to become a piactical business man the parents of John W., our subject, rightly thought best to give him excellent school privileges, and when he was fifteen years of age he started in bus- iness with his father at the ore mines in York Coun- ty. He remained for five j-ears in charge of the large trade of the Pigeon Hill Mines, and after- wards was at Rock Hill, in this eount3-, where for a time his father was engaged as a wheelwright. Later John W. Dutteniiofer began to turn his at- tention to the growing of tobacco, and succeeded very well in that direction. In 1881 he started in business in this city as a dealer in leaf tobacco in company with II. II. Miller, which partnership con- tinued for a number of years, being then dissolved by mutual consent. Our subject is enterprising and progressive in his business nictliods, bringing to bear upon everything which he undertakes ex- cellent executive ability and perseverance. He is 370 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. a member of Lodge No. 134, B. P.O. E., and re- ligiously be is connected with tlie Lutlieran de- nomination. On tlie 14tli of .June, 1887., he was united in marriage witli Miss Katie, daugliter of William G. Gelzenlighter, and two children have come to bless their union, their names being Mary and Howard. BENJAMIN F. GROFF, D. V. S., has a boarding and sales stable on the corner of Mifflin and Christian Streets, being the pioneer in tliis line of business in Lancaster. His birth occurred in Lancaster County, in the village which bears the curious name of Bird in Hand, August 31, 1847, his parents being Benjamin and Lydia A. (Tombow) GroflE. The father of the for- mer, Jacob Groff, was of German ancestrj', a na- tive of Lancaster County, where he followed farm- ing on arriving at mature years. Our subject's father was a celebrated auctioneer in this and ad- joining counties, and also followed the butcher's trade to some extent. In old age he retired, mak- ing his home in Lancaster with the Doctor until his death, at tlie age of seventy years. He was a member of the Old Mennonite Church, and in pol- itics was a Republican. The mother was the daugh- ter of William Tombow, who was born in Germany and settled on a farm in Bird in Hand about 1800. Mrs. Lydia Groff departed this life in the last named village in 1862, leaving six sons and six daughters, who are all yet living. Dr. B. F. Groff received good school advantages, and in August, 1864, volunteered as a member of Nevins Light Artillery, and being mustered into service, was stationed in Philadelphia until the close of his term, one year. On being honorably discharged June 6, 1865, he returned to the pa- rental roof, and for three sessions was a student in the Millersville Normal School. AftervA-ards he successfully taught school for six terms in this county, and then turned his attention to medical work. With Dr. Binkley he pursued his studies for two years, and then branched into veterinary surgery, under the direction of Dr. McClure, of Philadelphia, who conducted a college for those desirous of becoming versed in the profession. In March, 1872, Dr. Groff returned to engage in prac- tice in Earlville, where he was located for five years. In 1877, coming to this city, he commenced his practice, and is one of the most successful vet- erinary surgeons in the county and perhaps in the state. He is Secretary of McGrann's Driving Park Association and has charge of the track, which is of the half-mile variety, and one of the best to be found in Pennsylvania. The marriage of our subject took place in Stras- burg, this county, in 1870, to Miss Kate Wisler, a native of Kentucky. The lady was reared to wo- manhood in Columbia, and is a daughter of Will- iam Wisler, one of the old veterinary surgeons of this city. Dr. and Mrs. Groff have eight children: May, William, Bert, Rebecca, Park, Elsie, Cather- ine and Stella. The eldest son is a traveling sales- man, and the next son is a clerk with Slaymaker, Barry ^^ JOHN REBMAN. This name will be at once recognized as that of a gentleman doing business in Lancaster under the lirm name of J. Rebnian & Son, auctioneers ami dealers in agricultural im|)lements. He is also largely in- terested in real estate in the city, and is prominent in business circles. Our subject is a native of Germany, having been born in that country Oc- tober 12, 1838, and is the son of John Fred Reb- man, also born in the Fatherland, where he was a contractor and builder and one of the leading men in that trade. He sjient his entire life in (lermany, dying at the age of seventy-two years, firm in the faith of the Lutheran Church. The maiden name of our subject's mother was Christine Reigert. She was likewise born in Ger- many and died at the age of thirty-one years, leaving four children who grew to mature j'ears, of whom our subject was the eldest. Two of his sisters are living near Cincinnati, Ohio, and the third is now deceased. John, of this sketch, re- ceived his education in the schools of Germany, and when a lad of fifteen years, in the spring of 1854, left home and went overland to Havre, where, April 1, he embarked on a vessel, which landed him in New York forty-two days later. He came immediately to Lancaster, where he found work on a farm in Ippcr Leacock Township, six miles from this city. Three years later he learned the blacksmith's trade, and after working for other parties for five years sUirted in business for him- self, manufacturing cultivators, wagons and car- riages. In 1870 our subject look out patents on two cultivators, which he manufactured until 1873, when he disposed of his interests in that line and kept a hotel at Eden, on the New Holland Pike. This he conducted for four years, and then en- g.iged as a butcher, running a good market for three years. In the meantime Mr. Rebman be- came an auctioneer, and has followed that busi- ness to the present time, being called upon to "cry oflf" goods throughout this and adjoining counties. In the year 1878 our subject established himself in business in this city, and two years later moved into the Northern Market House, on the corner of Walnut and North Queen Streets, which is stored with agricultural implements, and he carries the fullest line of farm machinery in the city. He is also largely interested in real estate, owning much valuable property in Lancaster, which he disposes of from time to time at a good profit. J. Rebman & Son have the largest trade of any firm in this section, selling their goods in this, Berks, Ches- ter, Franklin and York Counties. The subject of this sketch was married in 1859 to Miss Priscilla, daughter of George Mearig, a tailor by trade, who during his later years followed farm pursuits. He was a Lutheran in religion, and a man greatly respected in his communit}'. Mrs. Rebman died March 12, 1892. While liv- 376 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Ing in Manlieim Township, our subject was ap- pointed by Governor lloyt Justice of llie Peace, holding tlie position for five years. To oui- subject and his estimable wife there were born twelve children, eight of whom are now living, viz.: Benjamin F., Isaac N., Lizzie, John S., Bertha, Ella, George Washington and Walter H. Isaac N. is engaged with our subject in business. He was educated in the public schools, and when quite young assisted his father in his various en- terprises. He was married in this city in 1887 to IMiss Etta Musser, a native of New Holland, this county, and to them have been born two children, Gertrude M. and John Cleveland. In religious affairs Isaac Rebmaii is a member of Grace Lutheran Church, and socially is a Knight of the Golden Eagle. \^^ QUIRE JACOB GUNDAKER, who is now serving as Alderman from the First Ward in the City Council of Lancaster, has made a very satisfactory public official in the va- rious positions to which lie has been called from time to time. The birth of our subject occurred February 7, 1827, at his father's home on North Water Street, Lancaster. His paternal grandfather, George Gundaker, was born in Germany, and on coming to the United States made a permanent lo- cation in Lancaster County. He took part in the War of the Revolution, as did also one of his sons, and after devoting himself during his active years to farming, retired and p.assed his declining years in Lancaster and Chambersburg. He was a mem- ber of the Reformed Church, and a most worthy and industrious man. George Gundaker, the father of our subject, was born in Chambersburg, Pa., in 1795, and became a very successful and thrifty business man. He owned a distillery in Lancaster, which he operated until he retired from commercial pursuits. For many years he was a Court Officer and Street Commissioner. He was very active in the ranks of the Democratic party, and his death occurred when he was in his eighty-seventh year. His wife, who was born in 1797, was Mary, daughter of George Kuhns. The father was a native of the county, though his par- ents came from Germany, and in former years he was one of the leading brick manufacturers of this locality. After rearing a famil}' of nine children, all but two of whom are 3'et living, Mrs. Mary Gundaker was called to her final rest, being eighty- four years of age. Three of her sons participated in the late war, Emanuel and Abraham enlisting in Lancaster, the first being Lieutenant of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania In- fantry, and the latter being a private soldier in an artillery company. Henry, who was at the time a resident of St. Louis, became a member of a Mis- souri regiment. Squire Gundaker was the fourth child in his fa- ther's family, and received common school advan- tages in Lancaster, where he was reared. At the age of fourteen years he was apprenticed to learn the butcher's trade, which he followed for three years and then left the business. He next became interested in railroading, at the time "hen Penn- sylvania owned the State Railroad. From 1848 to 1852 he was a constable, being one of three officers to occupy that position in the city, and for over twenty years he served in that capacity with few intermissions. In 1872 he was elected Alder- man from the Fifth Ward. For a period covering forty 3'ears he has been an auctioneer, and is still meeting with success in his numerous sales, which he carries on in different parts of the city and countj-. In 1891 lie was once more elected Alder- man, this time from the First Ward, and has his s office at No. 14 North Water Street. In Lancaster a marriage was celebrated in 1847, by which Miss Harriet McCulley became the wife of Squire Gundaker. The lady was born in this city, being a daughter of John McCulley. Eleven children came to grace this union, all but one of whom grew to maturity, though only six are now living. They are as follows: Jacob, a carriage manufacturer of Denver, Colo.; George, a machin- ist and mining engineer in Montana; Samuel, a practical machinist and boiler inspector of Idaho, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 377 his home being in Boise City; Ilnrry, a blacksmitli. who is also a resident of Boise Cil\'; and Mary K.and Kmnia, wlio live in I^aiicasler. The failliful wife and niotlier was called from her lionie to her final rest in .June, JSOi). In his social relations Sqnire (iundaker belongs to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a nienilKTof the Lancaster luicanipnient. lie num- bers many warm friends in this citj', where he has passed his entire life, and on account of his enter- taining stories and reminiscences of former years. and his fund of general information, is a very en- tertaining convei"sationalist. HON. KLIM 0. SNYDER is one of the prominent aTid progressive citizens of Lancaster, who for years has been iden- tified with its development and prosperity. In jiolitical affairs particularly, he has been very .ictive in serving the public, and for two terms w.as a representative in the Pennsylvania Legisla- ture from this district. For two terms he was a meml)er of the City Council and li.as also Ijeen one of the Directors on the School Board for six years. During the time he w.as in tlie Legislature he was instrumental in securing the repeal of the bill of Sealer of Weights and Measures, and also the re- peal of the bill passed for the benefit of the prison keeper, thus restoring the prison to the entire con- trol of the county. In every wa^- Mr. Sn3'der was •iggressive in presenting the claims and in stand- ing by the rights of his constituents. For several years past he has been engaged in running a gro- cery and provision store at No. 507 West Lemon Street, where he has a good trade. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Andrew Snyder, was born August 17, 1733, in Switzerland, and came to America with his wife prior to the War of the Revolution, in which he enlisted, and for five years was a member of a company of light horse cavalry. Later he returned to his native land, where he stayed several years, but embarked again for the United States, and on his arrival was sold to a man of this country to pay his pjissage. Andrew .Snyder died November 4, 181.5, at the re- markably advanced age of one hundred and thirteen j'ears. In the Revolutionary War he received a saber wound in a hand to hand combat in the battle of Trenton. In religious faith he was a Lutheran. He was twice married, the grandmother of our subject having been a Miss Peiefer, of Reamstown this county, and they had tiiree sons and two daughters. John C. Snyder, our subject's father, was reared among strangers, and in boyhood learned the car- penter's trade, which he followed for a livelihood. The principal ])art of his life was passed in Stras- burgand Paradise Townships, but for the last fif- teen years of his earthly career his home was in Columbia. By his marriage with .lane Givin, he had a family of twelve children, namely: Anna, Elini G., John W., Margaret, Oliver. Salome, Mar- tha, Elmira, Emma, John S., Edwin and Addie. 'I'he father, who was a Republican, and one of the oflicei-s in the Methodist Episcopal Church, died when in his ninetieth year, but his wife is still living, being eight^'-four years of age. The family is noted for longevity', and a brother of the grand- father, Andrew Snyder, lived to be one hundred and si.\ years old. Elim G. Snj'der was born October 27, 1832. in Paradise Township, this county, and was educated in the district schools of I'pper Leacock Township, which he attended very irregularly. AVhen nine years old he went to live with David Renno, a farmer, to whom he gave his services until becom- ing of age. He was then an employe of the imple- ment manufacturers, II. it A. Stoner. in Lancaster, remaining witii them for thirteen years and becom- ing manager and salesman. On the death of Abram .Stoner he was made a member of the firm, the partnership continuing fortw0 3'ears. At the end of that time Mr. Snyder obtained a position with George M. Steinman f this city. Albeit K. is a printer by trade, and Sarah, the third in order of birth, became the wife of Harry l{inkly,also a resident of Lancaster. The parents of this faraiiy are still living, and are respected citizens of this place. The education of our subject was obtained in the public schools, which he attended until reach- ing his seventeenth year. F'or the next seven years he was employed as a clerk in a grocery business with Charles W. Pxkert. For a period of four years and five months he acted in thecap.acity of letter carrier under H. E. Slaymaker, Postmaster, and as such was first identified with the postal service of the cit3'. Later he entered the emplo.y of John B. Reilly and R. A. Malonc, railroad con- tractors, as a cleik and timekeeper. In the early part of 1894 lie received bis appointment to his present position as Assistant Postmaster, and has discharged the functions of this office to his own credit and to the satisfaction of the general pub- lic. He is a leading young Democrat, and has taken active interest in bis party's success. June 5, 1894, Mr. Albright was married in Mari- etta, Pa., to Belle S., daughter of Philip Kline, a respected resident of that pl.ace. Mrs. Albright was born in Marietta and there grew to wbman- liood, receiving an excellent education, and is an accomplished and cultured lady. ^T ICllAEL F. .STEIGERWALT is one of I the |>rominent and induential business men of Lancaster, and has done his full share toward the improvement and development of his community. He was for man3' years ac- tively engaged in business in the city, but he now gives his entire attention to looking after his pri- vate interests. He is President of the City Board of Health, and is an exceedingly clever and .agree- able gentleman, liberal and public-spirited. Our subject was born on .South Queen Street, this cit}-, October 16, 1831, and is the son of Henry Stcigerwalt, whose birth occurred at the same place .September 30, 1801. Grandfather Frederick Stei- gerwalt w.is also a native of this city, and was born near Willow Street. He worked at the carpenter's trade during his life, and died when a 3"0ung man. Grandfather Sieigerwalt served as a soldier in the War of 1812, and in religious affairs was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church. The father of our subject learned the trade of a carpenter early in life. Like his honored father, he too W.IS a member of the Lutheran Church, and departed this life in 1878. He was married to Miss Mar3' Trissler, a native of this cit}' and the daughter of John Trissler, a butcher by trade. He was also the possessor of what was known as Shad Island, and was an expert fisherman and pigeon catcher. Mr. Trissler served in the War of 1812, being a soldier for three years. He was a member of the Moravian Church, and died in 1840. The mother of our subject departed this life when three- score years and ten. The parental faraiiy comprised ten children, all of whom grew to mature years, and five are still 380 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. living. William served through the entire Civil War as a member of Company K, Sevent3'-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry. At the battle of Perry- ville he w.as wounded in the left shoulder, but did not leave the service. He is now deceased, de- parting tliis life in Lancaster in 1885. Samuel, the next in order of birth, was in the nine months' service. Mich.ael F., of this sketcli, was the fourth of the family, and until attaining his twelfth year attended the subscription school. Then fitting himself to make his own way in the world, he be- gan learning the carpenter's trade, serving an ap- prenticeship under Micliael and Daniel Erisman. Prior to reaching his majority he engaged in con- tracting and building on his own account, which business lie followed for a time, and then opened up a coal yard at Reikert's Landing, which he operated until 1863. At the same time he worked a stone quarrj- and carried on a good business as a dealer in ice. In 1862 our subject, in company with a Mr. Cox, engaged in the manufacture of army wagons, oper- ating together until the fall of 1864, when Mr. Steigerwalt purchased the propertj- where Norbeck now is, and carried on tlie business alone until 1870. That year he disposed of his interests in this line and began contracting and building, fol- lowing that business until the fall of 1877, when he again opened up a coal yard, this time on North Water Street under the firm name of Steigerwalt & Son. In 1881, however, he turned his half of the business over to his younger son, and since that time hiis given his attention to building and sell- ing houses. He has erected over one hundred houses in the city, all of which he has disposed of at a good advance, with the exception of fourteen which he still has in his possession. Our subject is one of the most prominent men in the city, and is a charter member of the Cones- toga Bank, of which he is still Director. He was married in this city in 1852 to Miss Martha Rock, also a native of this county and the daughter of John Rock, a potter by trade, but who is now de- ceased. To Mr. and Mrs. Steigerwalt have been granted four children, William H., who is a shoe merchant at No. 1015 Chestnut Street, Philadel- phia; Edwin C. and Elmer, engaged in the coal business in this city, and Bertha, now the wife of II. T. Hays, Cashier of the Orange Growers' Bank in Riverside County, Cal. Mr. Steigerwalt was elected a member of the Common Council in 1863, and also filled the same liosition from the Third Ward in 1884. He has been President of the Board of Health for many years, and for a period of twelve years has been Trustee of the Lancaster Cemetery Association. In social affairs he is an Odd Fellow of good stand- ing, witii which he has been connected since 1851. He has passed all the chairs in that order, and has been Representative to the Grand Lodge in Philadelpiiia. He is also a Mason, belonging to Loxlge No. 43. As a citizen Mr. Steigerwalt is on the side of every social and moral reform; as a neighl)()r he is kind, and as a friend stanch and true. The poor and distressed find in liim a cheer- ful helper, to whom no appeal is made in vain. PETER DORSHEIMER is an extensive and successful wholesale liquor merchant. His store is located centrally, at Nos. 150 and 1 52 East King Street, Lancaster, and he make? a spe- cialty of fine domestic and imported goods. This gentleman was born in IIesse-Darmst.T,dt, Jul3' 12, 1840. His father, Peter Dorsheimer, a native of the same locality, was a laborer, and believing that he could better make a livelihood in the United States, set sail for this favored land May 5, 1860, by way of Havre and New York, which point was reached Jul}' 5. With his wife and three children he continued his journey to this county, where he located on a farm and became well-to-do. In later life he retired from business, making his home in this city, and here his death occurred at the age of eighty -two years. His wife, who was in her girl- hood Anna M. Jenner, was born in Hesse-Darm- stadt and was a daughter of Philip Jenner, a fine mechanic and a highly educated man. He was for years engaged in the manufacture of clay stoves PORTRAIT AND HIOORAPHICAL RECORD. 381 and in similar lines of production. His brother. Dr. Edward .lenner, was tlie colcbraled discoverer of vaccination, wliicli lias been sucli a boon to man- kind in the prevention of thai dread disease, small- pox. Mr*. Dorsheimer, who came from a wealthy as well as renowned family, was reared in the faith of the Reformed Church, continuing in the same until her death, at the a<;e of seventy-six years. She was the mother of seven children, one of whom lives in Germany, and the others in Lancaster County. The subject of this record received his education in his native land, and w.as a young man of nine- teen ycai's when he came to America with the other members of the family. His heart has always fondly clung to the Fatherland, and during the past eight years he h.i's made four trips to Germany. On coming to Lancj»ster County he obtained eni- ploj-ment on a farm, devoting himself to agricul- tural pursuits for about five years. He next turned his .ittention to the hotel business, becoming owner of the Shcmdon House in Lancaster. After a time he went to Soudersburg, but later returned to this place. Becoming identified with the real-estate business, he bought considerable property and erected residences on the same, often employing from eighty to one hundred men in their construc- tion. About this time he first returned to Ger- many, where he remained for a year, and on coming back to this state, started his two sons in the build- ing business in Philadelphia. Two of his sons are engaged in the carriage and coach business at Coatesville, and two others are in the same line of trade at the Gap. In 1887 Mr. Dorsheimer started in the wholesale liquor trade in Lancaster, having a fine location and keeping in stock the best brands; His store h.is a frontage of thirty-two and one-half feet and is ninety-six feet in depth, and this space is fully occupied b}- his bottled goods. In 1860 our subject was married in this citv to Miss Anna E. Stauffer, who was born in Berne, on the Rhine, where she was reared until attaining her twentieth year. By this union twelve children have been born, and not one of the number has been summoned by the hand of death. In or- der of birth they are as follows: Daniel, Frank, Ada, llarr^-, George, Mary, John, Lizzie, Benjamin, Martin, Garfield and Arthur. Daniel and Harry are in business at the Gap; Frank and George are located in Coatesville;. John and Martinarein Phila- delphia; Lizzie is at Reading; Mary resides in New- ark, N. J.; Benjamin is in business with his father, and the others are at home. The parents and older membei-s of the family are attendants of St. Paul's Reformed Church. Politically oursubject is an ac- tive worker in the ranks of the Republican party. ^-^^^SII•?*••^?^^^N= ' FRED B. FRKY is a member of a wealthy f.atnily, who have long been noted for their ability as financiers and agriculturists in Lancaster County. The fine farm of two hundred and fourteen acres which he owns is one of the best in Manor Township, and the larger portion of the tract is under cultivation. Upon it are vari- ous substantial improvements which he has made since becoming its proprietor. Here his birth oc- curred October 2, 185.5, and here he h.as passed al- most all of his life, the place having formerly be- longed to his father. Jacob Frey, the paternal grandfather of Fred B., was born and reared in Manor Township, and devoted his attention to the management of a farm. In politics he was a Whig, and in religious mattei-s was a man of sincere Christian faith. Of his family of eleven children, Fred, our subject's father, was the eldest. At the time of his death, the latter was one of the most extensive farmers and business men of the count3'. He owned farms aggregating over seven hundred acres, four of these adjoining, and one of one hundred acres located in Pequea Township. Besides these he owned a house in Manor Township and other property. He was a self-made man, having acquired his fortune by his qualifications of industr3-, econom}' and persever- ance, and he never abandoned the legitimate lines of trade, holding every kind of speculation in ab- horrence. He took gre.'it pride in stock-raising, keeping the best grades. Three times married, his 382 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD first wife, Elizabeth, bore lum seven children. His second marriage was with Fannie Benedick, and the}- bad two cliildren, Fred B., our subject, and Barbara Ann, who died at the age of three years. His third union was cliildless. The earl}' education of our subject was obtained in the common scliools of Manor Township, where he pursued liis studies until reaching the age of eighteen years. To his fatlicr be gave his assist- ance in carrying on the homestead until he iiad attained his majority, when he was married, but still continued to make liis lionie on the old farm, which he operated for liis father until becoming owner of the propert}'. This farm is one of the most valuable and finely located estates in the county, and the air of tlirift that pervades tiie place reflects credit upon tiie owner. Mr. Frey was united in marriage witti Miss Alice Forre.y, who was born in Manor Township. Her father, Henry Forrey, is one of the leading agri- culturists and [irosperous citizens of this township. Mr. and Mrs. Frey are members of and active work- ers in the church, and are a worth}- couple, who strive by tlieir upright lives to exemplify their religious belief. They have had eigiit cliildren, as follows: Irene, Katie, Antiss, Forrey, Ira, Min- nie, Fannie and Lottie. All are living except Antiss, who died at the age of two years. In his political affiliations Mr. Frey is a very strong Re- publican, and is zealous in everything pertaining to the welfare of his party. He is a man of pro- gressive ideas, and is in favor of giving to the children of this generation the best possible educa- tional advantages that they may be fitted for the duties of life. 9*^1= WILLIAM T. HOCH, prescription drug- gist, has one of the very finest busi- ness locations in Lancaster, his store being situated at Zahms Corner, on Penn Square. The proprietor h.as a large wholesale as well as re- tail trade and makes a specialty of many reme- dies and toilet articles which he manufactures and prepares himself. He is thoroughly conversant with chemistry and is a practical druggist and prescription clerk, having a registered certificate to that effect. The birth of Mr. Hoch occurred at Blue Fields, Mosquito Coast, Nicaragua, December 24, 1865, His father, Rev. J. Hoch, was born in Switzerland and was ordained in London, being sent as a missionary to Central Africa by the Episcopal de- nomination. On account of poor health he was obliged to resign, and returned to London, whence be came to America. In 1859 he went as mission- ary to the West Indies, where he was activelj' en- gaged in work for about ten years. On his death, in 1869, his remains were placed to rest at St. Thomas, West Indies. He had married in Lan- caster Miss Frances Erisman, a native of this city. Her father, Daniel, was also born in this place, followed the occupation of carpentering and building, and was a large contractor. He was a member of the Moravian Church, in the faith of which he died when seventy-two years of age. Mrs. Hoch is still living, her home being in Lancaster, and of her six children William T. is the fourth in order of birth. His boyhood . was principally passed at St. Kito, in the West Indies, until 1870, when with his mother he came to Lan- caster. For some years Mr. Hoch was a student in Naz- areth Hall, where he completed the scientific course and graduated in 1881. From 1882 to 1883 he pursued a special course in chemistry at the same institution, and in the last named year became a clerk with a Lancaster druggist. On the 4th of November, 1889, he bought out II. B. Cochran and started in business for himself on North Queen Street. March 15, 1890, he removed to his pres- sent location and has a very large general trade. Among the preparations which he compounds we mention a few which are universally known in this locality for their great excellence: Hoch's Chaptilla, Cochran's Cream of Roses, Cochran's Corn Cure, Cochran's Quinine Hair Tonic, and others. November 2, 1892, Mr. Hoch was married in Ft. Washington, Montgomery County, Pa., to Miss PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 383 Margarey V. Matlack, who was born in Wood- bury, N. J., and the}^ have one child, .loiin M. Mrs. lloch, wiio is a cultured and educated lady, is a member of tlie Kpiscojial Church, but our sub- ject is identified with the Moravian denomination. Fraternally he belimgs to Lamberton Lodge No. 476, F. & A. M., in which he has passed all the chairs, in his political aftiliations he is a Repub- lican and is ; qualities and is a mem- ber of the Mctliodist Episcopal Churcii. ROBERT M. MORROW. Many of the best l)ublic buildings and private residences in Lancaster give evidence of the skill and ability of this gentleman, who is one of the lead- ing contractors and builders in the place. Hon- orable and upright in whatever he undertakes to do, he merits and has rccciveil the confidence of those who know him, and has built up a good reputation in his business. On his own account lie has erected several residences and disposed of them to good advantage, and year by year has not only made a good living for himself and famil3-, but by industry and persistence has accumulated a competency. Born in Centre Mills, Pen\v County, Pa., June 17, 1823, our subject is a son of Robert Morrow, whose birth occurred in Franklin County, of this state, and who in turn was a son of James Morrow; the latter, a native of the Kej-stone State, came of an old family here, being of Scotch-Irish descent. The grandfather was a successful agriculturist in Franklin Count}-, near the village of Concord, and there he resided until his demise. The senior Robert Morrow was a tanner and currier by occu- pation. Near Concord he w.is for some time en- gaged in running a mill, which burned down, and after that event he became foreman in the mill in Perry County. Afterwards he was foreman in a tannery at Landisburg, Perry County. At odd times he taught sciiool, being a man of good edu- cation and general culture. His death occurred in Landisville when he had attained the good old age of eighty years. In religious faith he was iden- tified with the Methodist Episco|)al denomination. Politically he was first a Whig and later a Re- publican. His wife, Mary (Moore) IMorrow, a na- tive of the Emerald Isle, came to America when a child will) her parents, who made a settlement in Concord. She became the mother of four daugh- ters and two sons, of whom Robert is the young- est, and now the only survivor. The mother was called from this life in 1851, when about sixty-four years of age. The early years of our subject passed unevent- fully in Perry County, his time being s|)ent on the farm and in tlie tanyard, and a portion of the year in the common school. In 1842 he was ap- prenticed to a carpenter for two years, after which he did journeyman work for a year, and in 1815 went to Philadelphia. On the expiration of a 3'ear he returned iioiiu', where he continued until 1817, and in the spring of the following year went to Reading, where he was busil}' engaged at his chosen vocatifui for about five years. March 30, 1853, Mr. Morrow ca'ne to Lancaster and be- gan his contract work, taking in a partner, the firm being known as Swartzweilder & Morrow. They also started a sash factory on South Water Street, and for twenty-five 3'ears this firm continued to gain steadily' in the confidence and good will of the pulilic. At the end of that period their con- nection was dissolved and Mr. Morrow lias since continued alone. They built the Children's Home, the main building at Millersville Normal, the Lan- caster High School, R. E. Fahnestock's building, and those of John I. Ilaitnian and John R. Dif- fenbachs, besides many others well known. In Reading Mr. Morrow was married March 12, 1850, to Miss Sabina Amanda Swartzwelder, whose birth occurred in the Reaqua Valley, this county, and who was called from this life in 1854. The sec- ond marriage of Mr. Morrow occurred March 10, 1857, his wife being Miss Mary, daughter of Henry Flick, an old settler of this city. The latter was a carpenter and contractor, and a very prominent man. Mr. Morrow has a family- of three children living, one having passed away. Ella is now the wife of Jacobs. Bituer, of this city; Lillie M. is the second in order of birth, and Bertha, wife of 386 PORTEAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. B. A. Spindler, of Canton, Ohio, completes the number. The residence of the family is at No. 131 East Lemon Street. For many years Mr. Morrov/ has been President of the Board of Trustees of Dulte Street Methodist Episcopal Church, and superintended the building of that edifice. Also much interested in the Sun- day-school work, be was for a long time Superin- tendent. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and for several terms was a member of the Com- mon Council, serving on different committees, and being President of the Board for one term. A member of the Odd Fellows' society, he belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 67, of which he is Past Olli- cer, and is a member of Washington Encampment No. 11. -^^-|«^^=4^-^-- WILLIAM O. FRAILEY. Tiiis promi- nent and much esteemed citizen of Lancaster, is Secretary of the Home Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and is also pro- prietor of a well equipped drug store. He was born in this city August 14, 1859, and is the son of Henry L. Frailey,also a native of Lancaster, wliile his father, whose name was Jacob, was born in Schuylkill County. The latter fought as a soldier in the War of 1812, and spent the remaining years of his life in this city. The great-grand- tather of our subject, Hon. Peter Frailey, was born, lived and died in Schuylkill County. He served * as a soldier in the Revolutionarj^ War and was elected to the State Legislature from his county in an early day. In early life Henry L. Frailey was a school teacher, and after abandoning that occupation was a dealer in mineral water, and subsequently en- gaged in the real-estate business. He was for many years general solicitor and inspector for tiie Lancaster Home Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and during his active life was City Assessor for three terms. He departed this life April 9, 1890, when in the sixty-third year of his age. In re- ligious affairs he was a member of the Church of God, and in politics always voted for Republican candidates. His wife prior to her marriage was known as Frances Steinecke, and was born in Sax- ony, Germany. She accompanied her parents to America when only six years of age and is still living in this cit)', having passed her sixt3^-sixth birth daj'. Of the parental family of seven children, four are now living, of whom our subject is the third in order of birth. He received his education in the common and high schools of his native city, and in 1876 apprenticed himself to learn the drug business under AVilliam T. Wylie, with whom he remained for four years, and then going to the Quaker City, entered the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, from which he was graduated in 1882. After receiving his diploma as a drujigist he re- turned to Lancaster and for three years clerked in the store of J. R. Kaufman. In 1885 he be- gan in business for himself, buying the stock of goods belonging to F. J. Burger, and three years later purchased the property. He has since remod- eled the store, which is located on the corner of East King and Shippen Streets, and now has one of the best establishments in the city. The build- ing is three stories in height, and the store has full length plate glass windows, in which he dis- plays his goods to advantage. He h,as an elegant soda fountain, and besides the various medicines keeps on hand a varied stock of trusses, fancy and leather goods, fishing tackle, etc. He manufac- tures his own tinctures, and has a preparation of wine of iron of his own make, which sells readily. In 1890, on the death of his father, our subject was appointed to fill the vacancy- and has been elected to the position of Secretary of the insur- ance company each succeeding year. The com- pany was organized in 1861, and the charter was granted by a special enactment of the Legislature. Since 1893 Mr. Frailey has filled the positions of Secretary and Treasurer of Washington National Building and Loan Association, which is one of the reliable institutions of the city. In 1884 occurred the marriage of oui' subject with Miss Lizzie, a daughter of Henry Strobel, a native of Tyrol, Austria, who after coming to PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 387 America was a brewer in Lancaster. To Mr. and Mrs. Frailey liave been born the following named cliililrcn: Henry K., William O., Jr., Frances M. E., Virj,Mnia Edna and Charles Joseph. Socially our subject is an Odd Fellow, belonging to Lancaster Lodge No. 67, in which he has passed all the chairs. He is a devoted member of the First Presbyterian Church, and being a good musician, slugs in the church choir. For a number of ^-ears Mrs. Frailey was organist at St. Mary's Church of this city. In politics he is a believer in Republican principles and never fails to cast a vote for the candidates of that party. He is a memtier of the Pennsyl- vania State Pharuiaceulical Association, in which be takes an active interest. iT^ MOS CORNELIUS ROTE, a veteran of the r ~\ late war, and one of the most worthy citi- zens of Lancaster, lias long been engaged in the uiiderlakiiig business in this city. He is identified with all movements relating to the gen- eral good of the public. He comes from one of the old families of Lancaster County, hi» ancestors having been of English descent and Moravians in religious faith. His great-great-grandfather on the paternal side lived on the old factory road and operated the lirst cotton niiil in the county, and Grandfather Rote followed agricultural pursuits. The father of A. C. Rote, (leorge F., was born in this cit}' and learned the chair-maker's trade. Later he started a shop of his own on South Queen Street and in time became one of the laigcst man- ufacturers of furniture in the city, having for a branch of his trade the undertaking business. He served as a School Director and as a member of the City Council. Like his forefathers, he was a member of the ^Moravian Cliuich, and at the time of his death, in 1872, was in his seventietli year. His wife, who was before her marriage Ann Finke- bind, was born in this county and was also brought up in the creed of the Moravian denomination. Their marriage occurred December 4, 1834. Her death occurred in 1881, when she was about sev- enty-one years of age. Of their eight children onl3' five are living. William, who died in Nash- ville, Tenn., in 1879, was a soldier in the late war. Rebecca is deceased; George, who was wounded at the battle of Chancellorsville and who was a Ser- geant of Company A, of the One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania Infantry, died at Philadelphia; Louisa (Mrs. Miller) lives in Lan- caster; Amos C. is next; Jose|)h T. makes his home in Cleveland, Ohio; James B. is a resident of Can- ton, Ohio. Jacob is a photographer in this citj-. The education of our subject was obtained in the common schools of this city, where his birth occurred December 23, 1846. He was still pursu- ing his studies when the war broke out, and in August, 1862, became a member of Company B, One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania Infantry, enlisting for nine months. He took part in the second battle of Bull Run and the bloody battles of the Rappahannock, Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville. The term of his service having ex|)ired, he was mustered out, but in tiie fall of 1863 again offered himself for six nionlhs and was placed in Comi)any C, Twenty-first Pennsylvania Cavalry. He was Orderly Sergeant on General Kantz' staff until he was mustered out July II, 1864. Once more the valiant soldier returned to the defense of the flag, re-enlisting in Company E.One Hundred and Ninety-seventh Infaiitiy, and was sent to Rock Island, 111., whore he remained until November, KSIil. and was linally mustered out in Philadelphia. On his return home he rested fora time from his labors, and in the spring of 1865 he was about to offer his services again, when Richmond w.as taken and it did not seem necessary. The father of our subject having retired from the manufacturing business, our subject continued the same until his father's death, when the four brothers went into partnership. Amos is now the only remaining one in the firm, as two of his brothers are deceased, and the other one resides in the west. Since about 1884 Mr. Rote has been lo- cated on the corner of South Queen and German Streets. His rooms are 22x40 feet in dimensions, 388 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. and he carries a full line of caskets and coffins and everything pertaining to the business. He is a practical undertaker and enibalmer. In this city Mr. Rote was first married to Anne E. Hubert, a native of this city. She died leav- ing two children, Jolm Franklin and Harry Corne- lius, who are in business with their father; and Elizabeth R., the eldest, died at the age of twenty- three years. The present Mrs. Rote was formerly Mrs. Mary (Carpenter) Roy, whose birth took place in Lancaster. A Rei)ublican of the truest stamp, Mr. Rote is greatly interested in the welfare of his party and is a member of Admiral Reynolds Post No. 405, G. A. R., of whicii he is a charter member. Besides he is associated with the Knights of Pythias and the Order of Red Men. A man of sterling worth and upright character, he is one of the pillars of the Moravian Church. < "\ S) ILLIAM L. 8T0RMFELTZ, a practical V/ \/ carpenter and builder, is a member of the firm of J. P. Stormfeltz & .Son, of Lancaster, and is numbered among the enterpris- ing young business men of this city. He was born April 12, 1866, in Lancaster, being the son of J. P. and Sarah Elizabeth (Sener) Stormfeltz. The family is well known in this county, in which members of it have resided for over a century. The paternal grandfather of W. L., whose given name was Peter, was a native of this county, born in 1799, and died in 1886, in his eighty-eighth year. He was a wagonmaker by trade, following his calling on the Harrisburg Pike, near the city limits, and during his last years retired from ac- tive cares, making his home in Lancaster, where he resided for fourteen years. He was a member of Trinity Lutheran Church and politically was a Democrat. He was the father of three sons and four daughters, and was a man who merited the respect of all. J. P. Stormfeltz was born in this county Novem- ber 5, 1829, and learned the carijenter's trade in Lancaster, which occupation he has followed dur- ing his life long residence in this jilace. For a number of years he engaged in making building supplies on a small scale. In 1868 he started the planing mill on Water Street; this was consumed by fire two j'ears later, and was an entire loss, as there was no insurance upon it. A year later he purchased the site wiiere his present sash, door and blind factory is located. This is a substantial building of brick, two stories in height and 45x70 feet in dimensions, and his business in this line has constantlj' gi'own until he often employs as many as twenty-four men. In 1886 he branched into the coal business, employing three teams and five men, and in these varied enterprises he has met with good success. A stanch Republican, he has served as a member of the City Council a num- ber of terms, and also on the Select Council. He and his family are members of the Trinity Luth- eran Church, whicli he has served as Deacon for several years, and at one time he was a member of the Masonic order. His first marriage was with Miss Tressler, ard by his union with Sarah Sener he had three children: Clarence, who died at tiie age of twenty -eigiit years; William L. and Emma. The parents reside at No. 224 North Prince .Street and are respected citizens of tiic place. The early years of W. L. Stormfeltz were p.assed in the public schools of this city, which he attended until seventeen 3'ears old. He then commenced as- sisting Ids father and learned thecarpentcr's trade, working at the business for five years. Subse- quently he went to California, where he learned stair construction, and was employed in that line for five years. It was on account of failing health that our subject went to the Golden .State and there he soon recovered. Owing to his brother's death he was obliged to return to help his father in business, and was immediately admitted as a partner in the firm. They are doing an extensive and rapidly increasing business, their customers being scattered through all parts of the county. On the 15th of November, 1892, W. L. Storm- LEVI SENSEKIG. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 891 feltz married Miss Alvira F. Keffer, and they have a little son. Richard K. Tlie lady is a daugiiter of Prof. Washington Keffer, a music teacher of this city. The pleasant home of the famdy is a brick residence located at No. 507 West Walnut Street. In his political atlilialions our subject is a loyal Republican, and in religious belief is connected with the Trinity Lutheran Church. ^++•^•!•iS ^+++•5^- 34.^.++<^^ •}-+++=^ ■r KVI SENSKXIO. This name is a very fa- I O miliar one in Lancaster County, as mem- bers of the family have been identified with the upbuilding of this part of the state since the pioneer days. Three Itrothers took up large tracts of land, for which they received deeds from William Tenn. their propeity being situated near New Holland, and in that locality their descend- ants, with few-exceptions, have lingered ever since. The suliject of this sketch is a resident of Lancjis- ter, having for raan3' years l)een engaged in whole- sale dealing in cattle, his business sometimes hav- ing reached nearly * 1.000,000 per annum. At the present lime his trade is the largest in Lancaster, and he owns extensive stock yards in the cit}' lim- its, and is engaged in the construction (>f an ice manufacturing plant at Reichart's Landing, which will cost upwards of ^25,000. John Sensenig, the grandfather of our subject, was reared and lived all his life with his father in E.ast Earl Township. He w.as a farmer and owned a mill in addition to his two farms, being very successful and accumulating considerable wealth. In politics he was a Whig, and his descendants have usually adhered to that part}' and to its suc- cessor, the Republican organization. 'J"he great- grandfather of our subject on his mother's side w.as a commissioned otHcer in the War of the Rev- olution, and religiously held membership with the ISIennonite Church. Of his eight children, Martin, the gianiiiess for him- self, and when his father died, [lurchased tiie mill [)roperly, which he operated for one year, and at the end of five years disposed of it. Subsequently he carried on the butcher's business until April, 1867, when he took charge of the County Prison as .Steward, holding the oHice for four years. At that time this was one of the best pa \'ing positions in the county. In polili&s he has always been very active, being one of the leaders in the ranks of the Republicans of the county. A few 3-ears after the close of the war Mr. Sen- senig engaged in the slock business, and has sold as many as ninelj-six car-loads of cattle in one week, doing as large a business in stock as any man in this portion of the slate. He attends the New York, Philadelphia and Pittsburg markets, and also has agents in Chicago .and western [ioints. In his new ice manufacturing plant twenty tons of first cl.ass ice can be made every twenty-four hours, and this product will be of great use in his business. He is interested in real estate, owning valuable property' in this city, and also in the surround- 392 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ing country. Among his possessions we mention the Leopard Hotel, the stock y.ards, the property on which his ice plant is situated, three residences in New Holland, besides a hotel and store, and many others on Willis Street and in other points. In 1855 Mr. Sensenig married Catherine Snyder, who passed away at the end of a 3'ear. Later our subject married Emma Hull, and they have had five children: Daniel, an attorney of this city; Christ, who assists his father in his large business; Harry, who died in 1894, aged twenty-three years; Edwin, whose death occurred when in his seventh year, and Lillie G., at home. Daniel Hull, the fa- ther of Mrs. Sensenig, is a prosperous farmer of Earl Township, where her girlhood days were passed. Starting 'u life without a dollar, Mr. Sensenig is a thoroughly self-made man, and while still a boy manifested his commercial spirit, first invest- ing his money in chickens and later in stock, and in this manner drifted into his present business. At one time he had ten buyers out on the road selecting cattle and investing for him, and his business has increased year by j'ear at a most mar- velous rate. Socially he has belonged to a num- ber of civic- societies, among them the Order of Red Men and the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, but of late years has not been as active in llie fraternities as formerly. ©HARLES S. MURRAY has for several years been prominent in railroad circles and is considered one of the most faithful em- ployes of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Since 1880 he has been freight and passenger agent at Colum- bia, and has under his supervision in both the de- partments some thirty-tour employes. Mr. Mur- ray was born at Carlisle, Pa., October 15, 1839, being a son of Charles G. and Margaret (Blair) Murray. The family is of English origin, one William Murray having come to the United Stales from the British Isle and settled at Ft. Du Quesne, where Pittsburg now stands, prior to the Revolu- tionary War. Our subject's grandfather was born at that place and was given the Christian name of George. For many 3'ears he followed the trade of a blacksmith in Carlisle, and lived to attain the extreme old age of ninety-four years. In politics he was a Whig, and was a very sincere member of the Presbyterian Church. By his marriage with Polly Denny, he had five children: William B., George L., Charles G. Joseph A. and Priscilla. Charles G. Murray, the father of our subject, was born at Carlisle, Pa., October 14, 1810, and attended the schools of his birthplace, where he received a good education. He learned the trade of plastering, which he followed for some time, but later in life engaged in the real estate business. His death occurred at Carlisle, which had been his home his entire life. A worker in the ranks of the Whig and Republican parties, he held local offices on various occasions and was a good citizen and a much respected man. In church work he was much interested, and, like his father, belonged to the Presbyterian denomination. He was born in 1810, and by his marriage with Margaret Blair had two children: C. S. and Talbot C. The subject of this sketch pursued his studies in the public schools of Carlisle and also under pri- vate instruction. On leaving school he turned his attention to the dental profession and practiced for a time in Mexico, Mo. Returning east, he was located for about five years in New[)ort, Pa., and finally, in 1870, embarked in railroading. For about two years he was agent of the Pennsylvania Rail- road at Christiana, and was then transferred to Middleton, where he served in the same capacity for eight 3'ears. In 1880 Mr. Murray was made Freight Agent at Columbia, and on the expiration of a 3car was also given charge of the Passenger Department at this place, which is one of the large business centers of the count3', the volume of trade passing through the freight dei)artment be- ing very extensive. Mr. Murra3' is a member of the Mutual Guarantee Building & Loan Associa- tion, and is a stockholder in man3- of the leading industries and enterprises of the community. Po- Iiticall3- he is a Democrat, and sociall}' holds mem- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 393 liersliip with Newport Lodge No. 381, F. & A. M.; Artis.ins Lodge No. 20. of Columbia; the Quaker City Association of Railroad Men «nd the Interna- tional Association of Ticket Agents. March 15, 18G6, Charles .S. Murray and Miss Anna Casej- were united in marriage at the home of the bride's father, Capt. James Casey, in Ilarris- burg. Perry County, Pa., and one child, a son, Charles E. P., has come to bless their union. Mr. and Mrs. Murray arc very entertjiining and hospi- table people and make friends wherever they go. '^-^=m>-^^r REV. JAMES W. MEMINGER, A. B., B. Ok., is P.astor of St. Paul's Reformed Church, and IS one of the prominent clerg^'men of Lancaster. He is highly cultured, is a fine orator and lecturer, and his work in this city has been re- markably successful. The church is situated at 394 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the corner of East Orange and Duke Streets, and numbers a membership of about six hundred. Every department of its work is in a very flour- ishing condition, and during the seven years of our subject's pastorate tiie membership has been in- creased from two hundred and seventeen to about six hundred. Rev. Mr. Meminger was born in Ickesburg, Ferry County, Pa., November 9, 1859, and his father, James G., was a native of the same county. The family is of Swiss and German ancestry, and our subject's great-grandfather, Theodore, was an ofD- cer in the War of 1812, and a resident of South Carolina. His son, Theodore H., Jr., the next in the line of descent, was born in that state and when young came to the north. For some time he was a merchant in Philadelphia and afterwards re- moved to Perry County, where he became a large land holder, and there his death occurred in old age. James G. Meminger was a farmer in Perry County, and during the Civil War was a member of the Ninth Army Corps, receiving a slight wound at Petersburg. At different times he held county offices, and his death occurred in the fall of 1892. His wife, Ellen, was a daughter of S. H. Rice, a contractor, builder and architect of Perry County. Mrs. Meminger is still living, and of her four daughters and two sons, our subject is the eldest. The boyhood days of the latter were passed on his father's farm, and he prepared himself for col- lege in Tuscarora Academy, Juniata County. In 1881 he entered the Sophomore Class of Ursinus College, from which he graduated three years later with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then en- tered the Theological Seminary at Ursinus, and graduated therefrom in 1886, at the same time graduating from the National School of Oratory in Philadelphia, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Oratory. In 1886 Mr. Meminger was ordained to the holj' ministry in Chester County, Pa., and for a year was pastor of the church at Vincent. July 1, 1887, he removed to his present charge, where his efforts have been crowned with great success. As a lec- turer he has been very successful, and made one of the three centennial addresses in the Academy of Music at the last general synod, which convened at Reading. He has frequently served as a dele- gate to conventions and synods of his church and stands well in his denomination. In 1891 was celebrated the marriage of Rev. Mr. Meminger and Florence Hollingcr. Slie is the daughter of Amos H. HoUinger, a leather manu- facturer of this city. She is a graduate of Linden Hall Seminary, and has become the mother of one child, James II. In his political belief our sub- ject is a Re[)ublican, and fraternally is identified with the Odd Fellows' society. =^>'^t New York. In [)olilics be is an ardent Republican. i.^:S5^Si£-:^ ^m^mm^. REV. PERCY J. ROHOTroM, A. M.. is Rector of .St. James' Church of Lancaster, one of the oldest and most inQuential con- gregations in thecity. He is also President of the Board of Trustees of Yeate^ Institute, and is Pres- ident of the Board of Trustees of the Bishop Bow- man Cbureli Home. Under the intelligent, loving and watchful care of its pastor, every department of work in .St. .lames' Church is in a flourishing condition, and it is felt to be a power for good in the communit3'. The early j-cars of Rev. Mr. Robottom were passed in New York City, where his elementary education was obtained. He completed his liter- ary studies in Hobart College of Geneva, N. Y., from which he was graduated in 1881 with the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. The next two years he was on the force of the New York Tribune. On concluding to enter the ministr}-, he pui-sued his studies in the General Theological .Seminaiy of New York, where he re- mained until his graduation in 1886. t)n Trinity Sunday of that year he was made a Deacon in St. John's Church, Jersey Cit^'. by Thomas A. Starkey, Bishop of Newark. The first parish of which our subject took charge was that of Tioga, Pa., where he went in March, 1887, having also under his supervision a number of missions in the surrounding country. After spending two very pleasant years there, he was called to Christ's Church in Towanda, Pa., as the successor of William E. Wright. On the 1st of April. 1890, he preached his first sermon for this congregation, succeeding Rt.-Rev. Cyrus E. Knight, D. D., LL. D., who had olliciated in this pulpit for over a decade. St. James' Church was founded m 1744, when Rev. Richard Locke look charge of the parish, but the present title of the church was first given in 1753. EoUowing are the names of the Rectors who have served from the organization of the par- ish up to the present time, and the dates of their accession to the charge: Rev. Richard Locke, 1744; Rev. Joseph Craig, 1751; Rev. Thomas Barton, 1759; Rev. Joseph Hulehius, 1783; Rev. Elisha Rigg, 1791; Rev. Joseph Clarkson, 1799; Rev. W. A. Muhlenberg, 1820; Rev. Levi S. Ives, 1826; Rev. .Samuel Bowman, 1827; Rev. J. Isidor Mom- bert, 1861; Rev. E. S. Watson, 1869; Rev. Cyrus F. Knight, 1877; and Rev. Percy J. Robottom, 1890. The congregation comprises about five hundred members, who are all active and interested workers in the various charitable and religious in- stitutions connected with the church, as well as in its regular departments of activity. Among these outside interests are St. James' Orphan Asylum, under the supervision of Mrs. J. S. Messersmith, President of the Board of Managers; the Bishop Bowman Church Home, of which Mrs. William P. Brinton is President of the Board of Managers; St. James' Chapel, on the corner of South Lime and 396 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Locust Streets, and Yeates Institute, which has the Rev. Montgomery R. Hooper, M. A., as head mas- ter. The benevolent and spiritual worlt carried on in the parish by the pastor and congregation of St. .lames' Church is of great importance and untold benefit. The church has recently been re- modeled, and many improvements made in the in- terior arrangement. In 1887 Mr. Robottom married Martha, the youngest daughter of .J. C. Kent, a resident of Phillipsburg, N. J., who was for some time Super- intendent of the Andover Iron Works, also Presi- dent of the American Sheet Iron Company and Director and Vice-President of the First National Bank of Philadelphia. Tiie young couple have been blessed with four children, namely: Kent, Frances, Mary and William K. (^ ^m ^-7- ^^ i@^ ^ ^' =0 JONAS F. EBY. Lancaster h.-is its full quota of vigorous, enterprising, thoroughgoing business men, whose popularity is based both upon tlieir social qualities and on their well known integrity and business activity. None among these is better liked by those who have dealings with them, than the gentleman wliose name heads this sketch, and who is carrying on a fine trade as wholesale commission and grain mer- chant in Lancaster in company with Mr. P^shelman. Our subject was born in Penn Township, this count}'. May 1, 1853, and is the son of John N. Eby, also a native of Lancaster County, as was also his father, who bore the name of Jonas. The father of our subject was a farmer by occupation, and also dealt extensively in horses, having many fine animals on his estate. He is still living, al- though retired from active work, making his liome at No. 20 East Walnut Street, this city. He served for many years as Justice of the Peace, and was ever ready to aid in benevolent work. Mrs. Charlotte (Becker) Eby, the mother of our subject, was also born in Penn Township, and reared a family of two children, of whom Jonas F. was the elder. His sister, Charlotte, is now the wife of D. H. Engle, of Mt. Joy. The original of this sketch enjoyed the privileges of obtaining a good education, and remained at liome until two years after attaining his majority'. He was then married, and located on the farm where his birth occurred in Penn Township. This he afterward sold, and purchased one hundred and thirty acres in Fulton Township, this county, which he later traded, and located in this city. Two years later Mr. Eby engaged in buying and selling grain, and buying out B. B. Hostter, has ever since continued shipi)ing grain on the Pennsylvania Rt),ad. In 1892 he added feed, hay and straw to his grain business, liaving his establishment located at No. 214 North (Jueen Street. In October, 1893, he took in as partner a Mr. Eshelman, and the firm is now known as Eby & Eshelman. The marriage of our subject occurred in 1875, at which time Miss Myra L. Weidler became his wife. She was the daughter of George Weidler, and by her union with Mr. Eby lias become the mother of two children, B. Frank, who was graduated from the high school in 1892, and now a student at Yale College, and Lillie Ma\'. The family occupy a beautiful residence at No. 432 North Lime Street, and move in the best circles of society in thecit}'. Mr. Eb}' is a strong Republican in politics, and be- longs to the Philadelphia Commercial Exchange. He is a man of strong convictions, and as an ear- nestand public-spirited citizen commands the re- gard of all his friends and neighbors. -^_g]. ^-^ [3_ [S~ T7> DWARD F. FRAILEY, Superintendent of I Cy the Lansing Water Works, is engaged in the manufacture of cigars. While living in Philadelphia he was a member of the Slate Mil- itia for seven years, enlisting in 1873 in Company B, First Pennsylvania National Guards. The fol- lowing year they were called out to quiet disturb- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 3i>7 ances caused by a strike at Susquehanna Station. In 1877 the Molly Maguire riots occurred, and two years later the "boys" were sent to Pittsburg, at the lime of the railroad riots. Our subject was born in this citj' April 5, 1856, and is tlic son of William Krailey, also a native of this place, while the grandfather of our subject was born in Schuylkill County. The brother of the latter-named gentleman was State Senator from the above county, and the great-grandfather of our subject, Hon. Andrew Frailey, was Repre- sentative to the first Legislature which met in Lan- caster. He was also a soldier in the Revolution- ary War. Grandfather .lacob Frailey was a coppei-smith by trade, and served as a soldier in the War of 1812. William Frailey was a comb manufacturer, in which occupation he was engaged from the age of ten years. He has passed his entire life in his native city with the exception of one year spent in Pittsburg. He is still engaged in business, and has reached the age of seventy-four years. In politics he is a stanch Republican, and has voted for the candidates of that party since its organiza- tion. He married Miss Leah Greenawalt, a native of Manor Township, this county, and a member of (irace Lutheran Church. The parental family of our subject included eight children, five of whom are living. Edward F. received his education in the common schools, and when a little p.ast ten years of age began learning the trade of a cigarmaker. He went to Philadelphia, and after spending nine years thus occupied in that city returned to Lancaster, where he has since carried on a profitable business. His establishment is located at No. 874 North Queen Street, and Mr. Frailey does a wholesale trade in that line in this part of the count3-. In 1889 Mr. Frailey was elected to the responsi- ble position of Superintendent of the water works, and was re-elected each succeeding j'ear until 1892, when the change in administration caused him to lose his position. He then engaged in the manufacture of cigars at the old stand. In April, 1894, he was re-elected by the City Council to till the olflce of Superintendent of the water works. Our subject was married in 1880 to Miss Hager S. Esbleman, a native of this city and the daughter of Edward Eshleman, who died while in the late war. Three children have been the result of their union: William, lilanche and Brunner. In social affairs Mr. Frailey belongs to Lodge No. 68, K. of P., and to Lancaster Council No. 912, Jr. O. U. A. M. He has always been deepl3' interested in the welfare of the community, and for two terms served efliciently as a member of the Common Council from the Ninth Ward. He is a Republican in politics and a member of the Coun- ty and Citv Committees. _2i ^-oi- m^m^m: •Jo" eHARLES F. ADAMS, who is one of Lan- caster's popular and enterprising young l)usincss men, is justly entitled to space in this connection for a biographical notice, as well as something concerning his candy factory and whole- sale business. He was born on the 22d of Septem- ber, 1871, at Lancaster, and is the son of B. Frank Adams, who was a native of the same county. The grandfather, William Adams, was born in Germany and removed to Lancaster, where he died. Our subject's father w^as a wheelwright by trade, and was in the employ of the Adams Ex- press Company for twenty-six years. During the Civil War he worked at his trade, and was in the Government employ for four j'ears at Washington. He served in the three months' call of President Lincoln in the First Pennsylvania Infantry, and as a member of the Regimental Baud. He was an act- ive man and represented the Seventh Ward for six 3'ears as a member of the Common Council, being elected on the Democratic ticket. Our subject's mother, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Haines, was born in Lancaster and was the mother of six children, Charles F. being the second child. He was reared in Lancaster, where he had the advantages of the excellent public schools, and was graduated from Lancaster Busi- ness College when sixteen years of age. After- 398 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ward he learned his trade under Joseph R. Roj^er, a confectioner on West King Street. He re- mained witli him until the 1st of February, 1891, when he began tlie manufacture of and wholesale dealing in candy at No. 648 South Queen Street. He soon extended his business and was compelled to move, April 8, 1893, to his present location, wliere lie has a building 35x35 feet, two stories high, in wliich he carries on his business. He also had an excellent retail business on the corner of Wal- nut and North Queen Streets, which he closed out April 1, 1894. He manufactures all kinds of show case goods, doing a jobbing business which ex- tends over Pennsjivania, New York, Maryland and AVest Virginia. He employs five traveling salesmen and one who looks after the local trade in Lancaster. At the present writing our subject is adding to his building and is enlarging his bus- iness so as to be able to meet his constantly in- creasing business. While our subject is an active business man he has chosen that "better part" and is a consistent member of St. Stephen's Lutheran Church, of which he has been a Deacon, and is President of the Earnest Workers' Society. Politically he is affiliated with the Democratic party. Tyv DWARD BARNHOLT, proprietor of the r CJ bowling alley Iccated in the Globe Hotel, was formerly a detective of no mean abil- ity, as his record in Lancaster shows. His first duty as an officer was when he was detailed at Ft. Dick's to capture .John Atzerodt, one of the con- spirators in the killing of Abraham Lincoln. He is a clever, large, handsome man, and very popu- lar among all classes in the city. Our subject was born in Philadelphia, Novem- ber 8, 184G, and is the sou of William Barnholt, also a native of that city, wliere his birth occurred in 1799. Grandfather George Rarnholt was like- wise a native of the Quaker City, and served as a soldier in the War of 1812. The father of our sub- ject followed the trade of a Initcher in his native city until his decease, in 1864. Tiie lady to whom he was married bore the maiden name of Eliza- beth Springer, a native of Spring Garden, Phila- delijhia. She is also deceased, passing away in 1857. The parental family of our subject included twenty-four children, eighteen of whom grew to mature years, and seven are living at the present time. Five sons participated in the late war. George served in the navy from 1859 to 1877; he is now deceased. Frederick was a member of the First Pcnnsj'lvania Regiment. Dallas was a mem- ber of Sherman's army; Heniy belonged to the Ninety-lifth Pennsylvania Regiment; and our sub- ject, who was the fourth youngest in the family, served in tlie Two Hundred and Thirteenth Penn- sylvania Regiment. Edward Barnholt was reared in the city of Philadelphia, where he received a good educa- tion in the public schools. Later he was occupied in teaming, and was engaged in taking provisions to the soldiers, when he was captured on one oc- casion by Kirby Smith, and on being released went to Sandy Hook, thence to Washington, wliere he secured another team and went over the same ground. February 21, 1865, our subject enlisted as a member of Company H, Two Hundred and Thirteenth Pennsylvania Infantry, and was mus- tered into Camp Cadwalader. He was at Ft. Dick's at the time of Lincoln's assassination, and was de- tailed by the captain of his company to put a ball and chain on one of the conspirators, Atzerodt, captured by Company K, Two Hundred and Thir- teenth Infantry. Our suljject was honorably discharged at Phila- delphia, in November, 1865, where he was engaged until June, 1869, training horses. That year he came to Lancaster, still emploj'ed in the same business. In 1883, however, he was appointed on the police force, and after a service of four 3'ears was placed on the detective force. He is very shrewd and quick to act, and has been the means of bringing to light the perpetrators in many a foul murder. In January, 1894, Mr. Barnholt opened the bowling alley in the Globe Hotel, which he is op- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 399 crating at the present time with wonderful suc- cess, lie was married in this city, in 1871, to Miss Kiiiinn Winters. :i native of this city and the daiii^^hter of Cyrus Winters, a prominent mer- cliant tailor. Their union has resulted in the birtli of eight children: William S., Cyrus W. and Adam, telegraph operators; John !S., Hay 15., Mabel, Kmma and Helen. In politics our subject is a straightforward Republican, and takes a great in- terest in the success of his |)arty. lie is a member of Adam Reynolds Post No. 405, (J. A. R., of wliich he w.as one of the organizers. ^^11()MAS A. DKKN is a practical electrician and machinist and was the first electri- cal engineer in Lancaster. In the Grand Council of Pennsylvania of the order of American Steam Engineers he has held the high position of Senior Master Mechanic and has been a member of the organization for many years. He was a charter member of Fulton Council No. 10 and has repre- sented the same in tiie Grand Council since the formation of the branch. Mr. Deen was born in this city Ma^' 27, 1853, .and is a son of Thomas Deen, also a native of this county, whose history is given in tliat of his son. Squire David L. Deen, which is printed elsewhere in this volume. Our subject is the youngest in his fallier's family and was given good public and high school advantages. When fifteen years old he was apprenticed as a cabinet-maker with Major Ricksecker, of this place, and remained under his instruction for some five months. This pursuit not being exactly to iiis taste he tried coacli-mak- ing for S. B.Cox, and laterserved a full aiipreutice- ship as a machinist for the firm of Heuple 1850 the mother of Captain McMellen mar- ried John Kneezel, of Montgomery County, Pa. After the death of Mr. Kneezel, the Captain's mother made her home with him at the Exchange Hotel, where she died January 7, 1894, at the ad- vanced age of eighty-two. •0C+++*********^********'>*'5"!'X> MARTIN D.Kfi;NDIG, of Manor Township, owns and operates a good farm, compris- ing fifty acres, where he makes a speci- alty of raising tobacco, and keeps a fine grade of stock. For eight years he has been Secretary of the Lancaster County Agricultural Society, and for a period of ten years was Treasurer of the same organization. He is a veiy progressive farmer, holding advanced ideas on the subject of agriculture, and Ur many years was a member of the Tobacco Growers' Association, of which he was President, and is still a member of the Horticult- ural Society'. Great credit is due to Mr. Kendig for the success he has made in life. His father dying when he w.as quite young, he was early- thrown upon his own resources and obligeil to abandon his studies except as he could pursue them by himself. He made the most of his oppor- tunities, however, and became very well informed, and at one time studied medicine with a v'ew to becoming a practitioner, but on account of poor health, abandoned the idea to follow a more active life. The parents of our subject were Marti nd Elizabeth (Mellinger) Kendig. His birth occurred February 5, 1833, on the farm where he stiM re- sides, and that of his father took place May 1, 1799, in Manor Township, near Creswell. I'lie 1 -1 HENRY GERHART. PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 409 latter whs a fKriner, owning- about seventy acres, wliicli he engnged in cultivating until bis -early death, March 30, 1846. He was a member of the Mennonito Ciiurcli, and was a Republican. His family comprised tluee sous and seven daughters, Mary, Klizabetli, Susan, Fannie, Martin D., John, Anna, Sarah, Isaiali and Klizabetli. Five of the number have passed away, and the mother, who was boru Marcli 1, 1806, died when in her eighty-sixth year. Martin 1). Kendig received a common scliool education, and for a short time attended the Mill- ersville Normal and the Stasl)urg Academy. In 1846 his studies were interrupted by liis father's death, and he returned to assist in carrj'ing on the homestead, which, .is previously mentioned, he now owns, lie is interested in e MMANUEL LANDIS SNYDER, instructor 1^ C) of music in the city of Lancaster, is organ- ist and choir master in the Moravian Church and .Jewish synagogue. He is rapidly mounting to the top of the ladder in his profes- sion, and ranks among the finest musicians in this section. Mr. Snyder was born in Lancaster, De- cember 21, 1869, and is the son of Martin Snyder, a native of Baden, German}', wheie also his grand- father, George M. Snyder, was born and served as a soldier in the German army. When emigrating to America, the grandfather located with his family near Lancaster, and there made his home until his decease. Martin Snyder was educated in the city schools, and later em- barked in the manufacture of cigars, which he followed for some time, and then abandoned it in order to engage in the hotel business. Prior to this he was a farmer. He is now residing in Mid- dletown, where he is running the Farmers" Hotel with fair success. He is a strong Republican in politics, and a man prominent in his community. Mrs. Amanda (Landis) Snyder, the mother of our subject, was born in this county, and was the daughter of Emmanuel Landis; the latter was formerly a prominent and early settler of Lan- caster County, and here he carried on farm pur- suits. The parental family included six chil- dren, of whom three are living. Emmanuel L. was reared in his native county, attending first the common, and later the high school, and w.is graduated from the latter in 1888, at Manheim, this county. He then took a course in the Lan- caster Business College, and for a short time tilled a position as bookkeeper. Young Snyder then decided to devote his time and attention to the study of music, and engaged to take lessons from Professor Bausman, later from Professor Benkert, and afterward from E. Wesley Pyne. It was his ambition to make of music a profession, and in 1893 he commenced giving instructions in instru- mental music, having his studio located at No. 26 South Prince Street. In addition to this he makes a specialty of directing choirs and choruses, and in this department, as in instrumental music, he has been very successful. Socially Mr. Snyder is a prominent Mason, be- longing to the lodge at Manheim. He is con- nected with the Oratorio Society of Lancaster, which he is serving as Librarian. In religious af- fairs he is a devoted member of the Episcopal Church, and is a Vestryman of St. Paul's Church, at Manheim. :0#(^ HRISTIAN GAST, who is now living re- tired from active business in Lancaster, has been very successful in his enterprises, and is justly numbered among the leading citi- zens. In 1835 he started a boot and shoe manu- factory in the location now occui)ied by Martin Bros., and conducted his large trade until 1868, wlien, having secured ample means for his remain- ing years, he left his business career and has since passed his time in the quiet of iiis home. His father, Frederick Gast, was a native of Prussia, and with his family emigrated to the United States when his son, Christian, was a lad of ten ytars, this being in October, 1819. He was a farmer both in the Fatherland and after his ar- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 411 rival in this locality. In addition to this he suc- cessfully conducted a shop where baskets were manufactured. He was first a Democrat and later a Hepulilican, and in the work of the Reformed Church was a leading man and an Elder in this city. His death occurred at the age of eighty- three 3'ears, and that of his wife in 1852. By his marriage with Susan Schmidt he had seven chil- dren: Henry, Christian, 5Iargaret, Conrad, Philip, Elizabeth and Frederick. These are all deceased with the exception of our subject and tlie young- est of the family. Christian Cast was burn in Prussia, December 2, 1808, and received a common school education. After landing in Lancaster he was bound out for a long period to learn the shoe-making trade, and worked for a year and a-half in Philadelphia. Re- turning then to this city, he worked at his trade until his marriage, after which, in 1835, he started a boot and shoe manufactory and conducted a merchant business. In 1868, after many years of successful trade, his third son succeeded him and is now carrying on the business. For three years Mr. Cast was a Prison Inspector, and for two years was Treasurer of the Board. For ten years he served as Treasurer of the Poor Board; for three decades occupied a similar position in tiie Mechan- ics' Library, and for many j'ears was Treasurer of the Lancaster Cemetery Association. Always inter- ested in educational affairs, he was one of the lirst Trustees of Franklin and Marshall College, which he was instrumental in uniting in 1852, and under the new organization continued as a Trustee a number of years. October 14, 1830, Christian Gast married Maria P>ckert, and the following named children grace their union: Emanuel S., Catherine, Frederick A., Albert C, William H., Anna, Mary Ellen, Samuel D., Charles, and Marja, who married William Wel- chans, a brother of the noted Dr. Welchans. Anna became the wife of Jacob Martin, and Mary Ellen and Samuel D. died in infancy. Mr. Gast is a member of St. Paul's Reformed Church, and has served as Deacon and Elder in the old congregation, and since the organization of the church with which he is now identified has also been an Elder in the same. Having joined the Masonic Lodge in 1839, he is its oldest mem- ber, and at the time that the half centui-y was up he received a medal of honor, the only other per- son to be so remembered in this district being Christian Widmyer. Our subject is also connected with Monterey Lodge No. 242, I. O. O. F.; he was at one time active in all the temperance societies and formerly was Treasurer of the Shoemakers' Association. For the past fifteen years he has been President of the Home Mutual Life Insurance Company-. William H. Gast, the son of Christian and Maria (Eckert) Gast. was born June 4, 1841, In this city, and attended the public schools until reaching his sixteenth j'car, when he was apprenticed to the carpenter's trade, and also started to learn the calling of a shoemaker. The war coming on, he enlisted April 19, 1861, in Coini)any K, First Penn- sylvania Regiment, under General Patterson and Captain Ilembright. He was sent to Virginia and wjis discharged just before the battle of Bull Run, returning from his three months' service in com- pany with Edward Duckmiller, also of this city. Tlie^- had both contracted the typhoid fever, and the unfortunate comrade of Mr. Gast died the next day after his return home. After his recovery, young William re-enlisted for nine months in Com- pany F, One Hundred and Twenty-second Regi- ment, and was assigned to the Third Division, Third Brigade, Third Army Corps, and took part in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Chantilly and several other engagements. After serving his full time he was mustered out at Har- risburg. May 16, 1863, after which for some time he worked at the shoemaker's trade, but his health failed him for a time, and then once more he became a soldier in the ranks, enlisting for three years' service February 2, 1864, in the Heavy Artillery, Third Pennsylvania Regiment, being placed in General Butler's Eleventh Army Corps. Mr. Gast took part in the first expedition against Fts. Fisher and Clifton, on the Appomattox River, and took part in man}' small engagements, his duties being to keep the James, York, Appomattox and other rivers open for emergencies. Later his brigade "as placed on guard duty at Fortress Monroe, where they had under their charge Davis, 412 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD Mitchell and Clay, and at that place he was mus- tered out, July 11, 1865. The first business venture of William H. Gast, after his return from the south was as a grocer at Mt. Joy, where he remained for three years. At the end of that time he returned to Lancaster, being employed by his father in the boot and shoe business, and had much of the responsibility of the concern upon his shoulders until 1879, when he succeeded to the whole plant. The fac- tory was removed to No. 19 North Queen Street, four years later to No. 105 North Queen Street, and in 1890 to No. 123 North Queen Street, where it has been ever since. This industr}' is one of the oldest in the city and a considerable fortune is being acquired from the trade by the proprietor. In June, 1862, William II. Gast married Susan Deitrich,by whom he had the following children: Harry C, Charles E., Bertha, William S., Harvey and Margie, all of whom are unmarried with the exception of the eldest. A Republican in politics, Mr. Gast is a Grand Army man, belonging to George H. Thomll Post No. 184. Succeeding his father, he became Treasurer of the Mechanics' Li- brary, of which he is still a member, and religious- ly belongs to St. Paul's German Reformed Church. WILLIAM NICHOLS AMER. There are few men of the present day more worthy of honorable mention than the subject of this sketch, who is one of the oldest and leading dentists in the city of Lancaster, where he has been engaged in business since April 1, 1856. A native of Philadelphia, our subject was born August 19, 1834, and is the son of John Amer, also born in the Quaker City, where he was en- gaged as a manufacturer of silk hats. He is now living retired in ^New Brunswick, N. J., and" in May of this 3'ear reached his eighty-sixth year. He is a devoted member of the Methodist Episco- pal Church, and a man prominent and active in all good works. His wife, who prior to her mar- riage was Ann Donahue, was also born in Philadel- phia, and departed this life in 1861. The parental family of our subject numbered eleven children, eight of whom grew to mature years, and seven are still living. William N. was the third in order of birth, and passed the first ten years of his life in his native city, when he re- moved to Boston, Mass., where his uncle. Dr. Nichols, who was a prominent dentist, was living. He remained with him for many years, complet- ing his education in the high school of Roxbury, Mass., and tiien took up tlie profession of den- tistry as his life work. In the meantime his fa- ther had located in Lancaster, and joining him shortly afterward, he commenced his studies in the office of Dr. Wayland, the leading practitioner in the city, with whom he remained for five years, first as a pupil, later as assistant. April 1, 1856, our subject started in business for himself on the southeast corner of North Queen and Orange Streets, where lie remained for twelve years, in the meantime building up a large and lu- crative practice. In 1888, however, he purchased his present office. He is a talented dentist, and ranks iiigh in his profession. May 29, 1856, Dr. Amer and Miss Elizabeth S., daughter of John G. Cooper, were united in mar- riage. Mrs. Amer was born in this cit3', where her father was one of the old and prominent mer- chants. She is a lad}' of fine education, and by her union with our subject has become the mother of two ciiildren: Ernest C„ engaged in the freight dei)artment of the Pennsylvania Railroad; and Bertha I., at home with her parents. vSociall}' the Doctor is a Mason of high standing, and is Past Master of Laraberton Lodge No. 476, which he has also served as Secretary for ten years. In religious affairs Dr. Amer is a devoted member of the Moravian Ciiurch, and in politics is a straightforward Republican, having cast his first vote for John C. Fremont. Our subject is al- ways ready to assist in all progressive movements and enterprises of merit, and is widely known as an earnest and public-spirited citizen. In 1867 he was prominent in the organization of the Har- ris Dental Association of this city, of which he was PORTRAIT AND BI.3GRAPH1CAL RECORD. 413 Secretar}", and atone time President. He was also instriiiiiculal in foiuKling the State Dental Associa- tion in I'hilndelpliia, aitlioiigli lie is not now con- nected with it. The Doctor is one of the oriifinal members and organizers of the old Knipirc Hook and Ladder Coni|)any of Lancaster, and lilled the ottice of \'ice-President for fourteen years, or un- til it was merged into a salaried department. a^i-^-^si^^ RKV. CL.AHKNCK K. KliKR.MAN is |).v.tor of the Moiavian Church of Lancaster, and is President of the Moravian Christian Lndcavor I'nion for England and America. He is a native of Pennsylvania, having been born in liethlehem, July 17, 1863, and comes from one of llie best old families in this section of the state. The founder of the Kberinaii branch in America came from Germany in 1732, this man, .lohannas, being the grcat-great-grand father of our subject. His grandfather, the next in descent, William, a missionary of the Moravian Church, was born in this city, and was sent to Santa Cruz, West Indies, where he remained for several yeai-s. On his re- turn to this city he occupied a prominent position in church circles, and had charge of church prop- ert}' at Lilitz and Nazareth. The father of our subject, Jacob F. Eberman, was born in the West Indies, and studied for the ministry, but on account of poor health was obliged to abandon that vocation. Turning his at- tention to another trade, he resided in Betidehem, in which city his death occurred in 1879, when in his fifty-fourth year. His wife, formerly Cordelia Warner, w.as born in Bethlehem, and was of Scotch- Irish descent. She w.as a daughter of John, and grand-daughter of Massah Warner, both likewise natives of the Keystone State. .The latter was a ferr3'man on the Lehigh River before the bridge was constructed at Bethlehem. John Warner was the first manufacturer of combs in that place, and carried on the business successfully for yeai-s. To Mr. and Mrs. Jacob Eberman were born three chil- dren, of whom C. E. is the second. The mother is still living, her home being at Carbondale. The boyhood of Clarence Eberman was i)assed in the town where his birth occurred, and there his early education was obtained. In 1878 he was graduated from Nazareth Hall, and soon after- wards became a student in the Moravian College of Bethlehem, from which he was graduated in 1884 with the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Divinity. The same year he was ordained in Staten Island by Bishop Reinke, and for five years was as- sistant pastor of the Moravian Church on that is- land. In 1889 he became minister in the Jay Street Moravian Church of Brooklyn, N. Y. While there he served .as Secretary of the Sund.ay Observance Association, and with A. C. Dixon and otliersdid valiant service in cit^- missionary work. In Sep- tember. 1893, Mr. Eberman was called to take charge of his present congregation, and his time is more than full in meeting the pressing demands upon him in the work relating thereto. His ability is thoroughly recognized, and h^a^as a good repu- tation as a lecturer on social purity and kindred topics. He is one of the representative men of his church in Christian Endeavor work, and has attended the conventions of that organization of late yeai"s. He is President of the Endeavor Union for America and England in his denomination, and is greatly interested in the success of the so- ciety. The church of which Mr. Eberman is now pastor is one of the oldest in the state, as it was formed about the middle of the last century. Count Zinzendorf, then the head of the LTnitas Fratrum, on his visit to America in 1742 came to this coun- t3', preaching at Lititz and in the old court house of this city. He was asked to send a regular preacher of his denomination and accordingly Rev. Jacob Lischj' preached frequently here dur- ing the following j'ear. In 1744 a Lutheran minis- ter of Lancaster was authorized to preach to the Moravians, and this he did until 1746. This pas- tor, Rev. Laurence T. Nyberg, eventually be- came a minister in the Moravian Church. An ef- fort was made to unite all the German speaking Protestants in the state into an Evangelical alliance 414 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. at this time, but tliis idea was finally abandoned. At one of tlie sessions held by the Moravians in the old court house a mob assailed the assembly with a shower of stones, but Bishop Stangenberg, who was presiding, rose and offered a fervent and touching prayer in behalf of their enemies, and the mob dispersed, ashamed and abashed. The same jear, 1745, the congregation was organized, and instead of building upon the valuable land which they owned at the corner of Prince Street and Marion Alley, they bought property on Orange Street, and there erected a plain stone building. The other land was afterwards converted into a graveyard, which purpose it still serves. The first resident pastor was Rev. Leonard Schnell, who came in 1748, and the same year Rev. Richard Utley also worked with the congregation. The church constantly grew in numbers and strength, many of the oldest and most highly respected citizens joining it, and from that day until the present its membership has ranked high in the community. It was not until 1829, under the pastorate of Rev. Charles F. Reichel, that wor- ship was conducted exclusively in the English language. In 1820 the old stone church was torn down on account of being too small, and the brick edifice that is now standing was built upon the same site. The original corner stone, curiously wrought and quaintly ornamented, was carefully preserved and incorporated in the present structure. The old stone parsonage was left standing and was used as a pastor's residence, lecture room and parochial school until 1852. About 1868 the church was again enlarged, the interior entirely remodeled, new pews and pulpit replacing the old ones; stained glass windows were put in, a new or- gan, a donation from George K. Reed and still in use, placed in the building, and many other im- provements made. In 1879 still later and more modern ideas were carried into effect, the pews were upholstered, and many convenient and orna- mental features were introduced. All departments of the Moravian Church are in a most flourishing condition, and special atten- tion is paid by the officers to the Sunday-school. Mr. Eberman is a strong temperance man, and his voice is always to be heard on the side of pro- gressive movements. He is a good speaker, hav- ing a pleasing delivery and manner, which readily chain the attention and interest of his hearers. His worthy wife is a faithful helpmate and of great assistance to him iu every way. In the free kindergarten she takes a prominent and inter- ested part, and to her is due a large measure of the success which it has attained. ^^It^ '^1^ '*^yiV*^ *^i^^ "-W^ ^ w^ r^i '^c "^i^ ."^^ "-"JTC^ '-'JtP* Ww«. >^lt^ JOHN B. KENDIG, one of the heavy con- tr.actors of Lancaster, will form the subject of the following notice. He was born June 9, 1856, in the city of Lancaster, which was his father's native town as well. His grandfather, Martin Kendig, was a hotel keeper and was of Ger- man descent. Our subject's father was a successful farmer located near the city, and later in life fol- lowed excavating and the construction of sewers, which he followed until his death, in 1884, when he was sixty-two years of age. Our subject's mother's maiden name was Eliza Bachman; she was also a native of Lancaster, and was the mother of six children, four of wiiom are living, our subject being the eldest son. .lohn B. was reared on a farni near Rawlinsville and remained there until sixteen years of age, assisting his father and at- tending the common schools until he attained his majority, and after his father's death continued the business of contractor at Lancaster, where he built a large amount of sewerage. He is constantly building and excavating and uses ten thousand perch of stone per year and is noted for his excel- lent work. He eraplo3'S sixty hands and twenty- five teams and is looked upon as the largest con- tractor of his kind, doing the principal work of the cit^- of Lancaster. Mr. Kendig was united in marriage at Lancaster in 1882 with Miss Lizzie Brill, a native of Lancaster, daughter of Martin Brill, a contractor and builder, who was born in Germany. At one time her par- ents conducted the Lambe Hotel on South Queen PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPmCAL RECORD. 41ft Street. He died in 1859, aared thirty-four years. Mrs. Kendig's iiiollier's maiden name wiis Cliar- lottc Iledrick, a native of Germany, wlio died a year after lier iuisband's death. They were the par- ents of three chihlren, two of wliom are livinj;: Catherine, Mrs. Daniel Clemmens, of Lancaster, and Mrs. Kendig. Onr subject and his wife are tlie parents of tlirpc children: l>ottie, Daisy and Wal- ter. Politically, Mr. Kendig is a Republican. The family attend the Trinity Lutheran Church, of which our subject's wife is an acceptable member. ^"V OLOMON R. .MOSS is one of the worthy <^y^ (!erm.Tn-.\m('rican citizens of Lancaster, liaving his business headquarters at the corner of Prince and Lemon Streets, a very desir- able location. He is a gentleman of more than us- ual flnancial ability, and during the lifteen years that he has been in the wholesale tobacco trade has built up a wide reputation for superior goods and excellent business methods, and has always had more orders than he could fill. .S. K. Moss is one of four children born to Isaac Moss, of Germany. He was born in Prussia, in May. 18;)2, and received his education in the pub- lic schools of Krankfort. His brothers, Sigmond and Herman, also live in Lancaster and are en- gaged in business with their brother. In 1872, then twenty j'ears of age, he came to the United States, and for a time was a clerk in a dry goods house of New York City, but soon became travel- ing salesman for several of the largest tobacco houses of the metropolis. After becoming con- versant with the trade, he was for eight years en- gaged in the manufacture of cigars, in Altoona, Pa., and was quite successful in the enterprise. In 1889 Mr. Moss came to Lancaster and has since been en- gaged as a manufacturer of cigars and dealer in leaf tobacco. His manufactory employs five liun- dred hands and is one of the largest houses in this State. The business of this house amounts to over 11,000,000 i)er year. Owing to the phenomenal growth of the business, Mr. Moss is now building a factory, 65x145 feel in dimensions and six stories in height, whidi will be completed by January 1. 18;»5, and with this increased capacity will lind it necessary to employ over eight hundred persons. This will be the largest f.actory in the United States and only the best grades of cigars will be made. For some years his factory has been at Nos. 36 and 38 West Lemon Street and at Nos. 409 to 415 Lancaster Avenue. The tobacco ware- house No. 7 is on the Harrisburg Pike, and was formerly occupied by J. G. Zook. The agents employed by Mr. Moss sell goods manufactured by him from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans, and .as the cigars made by this firm give universal satisfaction, the duplicate orders received for the products of his establishment are beyond compre- hension. In 1881 Mr. Moss married Miss S. E. Ryder, of New Haven, Conn., and they have two children: Lester R. and .Vlbert C. In politics Mr. Moss is a stanch Heiiublican. He is also interested in a number of other enterprises and owns various other pieces of property in difTercnt parts of the state. Since coming to Lancaster he has purchased a beautiful residence, in which he resides, at No. 709 North Duke Street. His fine business ability is manifested by the proportions to which his trade has grown, and his customers know that they may uniformly rely upon his integril}' and good judg- ment. • ^^^i^ P • JOHN H. BAUMGARDNER is General Man- ager, Secretary and Treasurer of the Lancas- ter Gas, Light and P'uel Company, and is also junior member of the firm of Baumgard- ner & Co., dealers in coal. Our subject is a prac- tical and enterprising commercial man, who has been very successful in the management of his business affairs and is prominent in local circles- As a politician he ranks high with the Republicans, who place great confidence in his ability and in- 416 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. tegrity. For ten terms he has been elected to the Common Council from the Sixth Ward, and for one year served as President. During this time he lias served on many of the most important com- mittees, and was a member of the Special Water Committee while the new plant was being con- structed. He bears a good record as a Council- man, having been longer a servant of the public in that capacity than any other in the city, and his career has shown the wisdom of his constituents in making him their choice. A native of Lancaster, our subject was born April 23, 1843, and was reared in this place, where he attended the public schools. , In 1861 he grad- uated from the high school, after vvhicli he entered tlie Polytechnic College of Philadelphia, pursuing a course in mechanical engineering, and after completing the same received the degree of Me- chanical Engineer upon his graduation in 1863. Going into the machine shops of Bennett & Daugh- erty, in Philadelphia, he worked as a tool manu- facturer for the succeeding two years, and thence removing to Scranton, worked for some time there at his trade. Coining to Lancaster about 1866, Mr. Baum- gardner engaged in the coal business until the gas company was formed in 1876, and from the start was actively interested iu the work. He su- perintended the building of the plant and assisted in placing the machinery. This company is famous as being the first to manufacture water gas to any extent in the United States. The buildings are at the foot of Andrew Street, where the company owns about four acres. Tlie three large tanks and machinery have a capacity of five hundred thou- sand cubic feel of gas per day, and their pipes reach all parts of the city. In 1881 this company bought out the Lancaster Gas Company, and they now have a capital stock of $200,000 as incorporated. The coal office of the Baumgardner Company is at No. 129 Nortii Queen Street and they have an ex- tensive trade. In 1875 a marriage was celebrated in this city by which Miss Florine Meixell became the wife of our subject. She was born in this city and is a daughter of Andrew Meixell, who is in the freight department of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Three children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Baumgardner, namely: Thomas, Susan and John. The family residence, at No. 139 East Walnut Street, was erected by our subject and is a commodious and pleasant home. Socially he is a member of Lara- berton Lodge No. 476, F. £=?."-:' L-y- jg^ _S m? -e.' JACOB PONTZ IS engaged m the manufacture of brick at Charlotte Street and Hairisburg Avenue, Lancaster. He is a very successful business man, and in company with his brother Adam owns much valuable propert3' in the city and elsewhere. He is one of the honored veterans of the Rebellion, in which he rose from the ranks to the position of First Lieutenant. His service was of a most arduous nature, and though he took part in scores of important battles and en- gagements, was never wounded. The paternal grandfather of our subject, George Pontz, was a native of Germany, who came to America in his young manhood. For several years he was engaged in teaming between the cities of Lancaster, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Pittsburg, having an office on Prince between Orange and Chestnut Streets. His death occurred in this city when he had reached a good old age. He was reared 418 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. in the faith of the Lutheran Church, to which he always adhered. His son, our subject's father, George Pontz, Jr., was born in this city, and, like him, engaged in teaming, both for himself and other parties. As a lad of only fourteen years he often made trips alone to Pittsburg, driving six horses, and frequently being gone for four weeks at a time. His death occurred in 1889, when he was nearly eighty-one 3'ears of age. His wife, Elizabetii, was a daughter of Adam Muskeness, and both were natives of Lancaster. The father was a blacksmith by trade and took part in the War of 1812. Mrs. Pontz died when in her fifty-fifth year, and of her fourteen children all but two grew to maturit}-. Eight sons and two daughters still sur- vive. Harry is a residentof California; A.Jack, who lives in Massachusetts, is a cigar manufacturer; George, Jacob, Adam, David and John were all members of the Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania Regiment during the late war. The birth of Jacob Pontz took place November 8, 1838, in this place, and here he was reared to manhood. When fifteen years old he was appren- ticed under William Cox as a coachsmith and learned the business, which he worked at in Lan- caster and also at White Horse Hotel, of this coun- ty, until the war. In October, 1861, he enlisted in Corapanj- K, Seventy-seventh Pennsylvania In- fantry, and was assigned to the Army of the Cum- berland, being lirst under General Buell and later under Generals Sherman and Thomas. In com- pany with his regiment he took part in the battles of Shiloh, Stone River, Liberty Gap, Chickamauga, siege of Chattanooga, Mission Ridge and others, and then veteranized, returning home on a thirty days' furlough. Going south again, he actively engaged in the following battles: Dalton, Resaca, New Hope Church, Chattahoochee River, Peach Tree Creek, Atlanta, Marietta, Jonesboro, Love Joy Station, Spring Hill, Franklin, Nashville and many others. In the spring of 1865 he was at Bull's Gap and then fell back to Nashville, being later sent by boat to New Orleans and Texas to pro- tect the frontier. At Victoria he was mustered out in December, 1865, and returned home the next month. After the organization of his regiment he was made Corporal, then Third Sergeant and Orderly Sergeant for two and a-half j^ears, and was later commissioned First Lieutenant of Company K, by Governor Perkins, in April, 1865. For some time after the close of the war Mr. Pontz worked at his trade in New Holland, and in the year 1868 engaged in the brick business in tiiis city. His brother Adam joined him in 1870 and the firm continued in business as A. Pontz &, Bro. until 1885, when it was dissolved by mutual consent, each brother taking one of the two brick yards. These are situated on the Har- risburg Pike and East Chestnut and Rank's Road, and each yard is equipped with a brick machine and modern appliances. Both pressed and hand- made brick are here made in large quantities and find ready sale. A twenty-five horse-power en- gine is located in each yard, having a capacit}' of fortj'-eight thousand brick per day. Jacob Pontz owns thirteen acres of land, and with his brother has another tract of three and a-half acres. Of residence property he owns four .acres on East Chestnut Street, eight acres in another portion of the cit}', and his fine homestead with a frontage of two hundred feet at the corner of James and Charlotte Streets. In partnership with his brother he owns seventeen houses, three of which were erected at the yards. His brick manufactory em- ploys from sixty-six to seventy hands, who are kept busj' in supplying the three kilns. The yards have a siding from the Penns^'lvania and from the Pittsburg & Reading Railroads. He has erected an additional yard, with a capacity of fifty thousand brick per day. In New Holland occurred the marriage of Jacob Pontz and Miss Emma E. Palmer, who was born in that locality. Four children have blessed this union, namely: May, Lillian, Ethel and Nellie. Mrs. Pontz is a member of the Reformed Church and a most agreeable and hospitable lady. For the past nine years Jacob Pontz has been a member of the School Board from the Ninth Ward and has served as Chairman of the commit- tee on furniture and appointments. An active Democrat, he has been a member of the County Committee for twelve years and is now one of the city committee. Socially he is a Director in the Maennerchor Association of this city. At John- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 419 sonville, Tenii., Company K. of which lie was Lieulenant, presented liim with a sword in recog- nition of his services in 1865, and this he prizes most liighly. Our subject is a Director of the huildin": and loan association. FRANK X. IIINDKN, a prominent business man of Lancaster, has been engaged in paving the streets of the city for twenty years past, and has taken contracts for building the City Water Works, and smaller pieces of work. A native of this city, he was born May 10, 1850, his parents being Frank and Teressa (Hentz) Ilin- den. The paternal grandfather of the subject of tliis article was a native of Sweitz, Germany, and his son, Frank, was a native of tliesame locality'. The latter received a liberal education in the German schools, and in his jouth learned the cabinet- maker's trade, which he followed in the Father- land, but after coming to this country with his wife and four children, devoted his time mainly to agricultural pursuits, and at the time of his death was a resident of this cit^-. He was a mem- ber of St. Joseph's Catholic Church, and connected with its beneficial organizations. Before leaving his native land he served in the German wars with Napoleon, and on coming to the United .States en- tered the ranks of the Democratic party. By his marriage he had six children, of whom our subject was the fifth in order of birth, the others being Mary, wife of Jacob Allen, now deceased, and formerly a sail maker in Philadelphia; Rose, wife of Harry P. Pratt, a wholesale cigar dealer in Phil- adelphia; Teressa, who is unmarried; Joseph, also engaged in cigar business in Philadelphia, and William, who died in earl^' manhood. Frank X. Hinden received a good common school education in this city, and his father d^-ing when he was quitp j'oung, he was thus thrown upon his own resources, having to make his own livelihood. He found employment in the Cones- toga Cotton Mill No. 3, where he remained for a short lime, and then for several jears worked at various industrial pursuits. At the age of twenty- two years he commenced working for the city on public structures, and since that time has carried on general contract work on a small scale. From time to time his business was enlaiged, until he is now one of the largest in his branch of work in the cit3\ He has succeeded through his individual and unassisted effort^?, having made the best of his advantages, and gradually worked himself into prominence and a position of affluence. At times he has employed as many as one hundred and seventeen men, and in his dealings with them, as well as with his superioi's, he has ever manifested traits of honor and veracity. A man of more than usual ability, he has succeeded fur beyond his ex- pectations, and is justly numbered among the leading citizens. September 28, 1872, Mr. llinden was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Prior, by whom he has had a family of seven children: Harry F., William .1., Lillie F., Frank, Teressa, Clarence and Rosanna. The family are members of St. Joseph's Catholic Church, and are well received in the best social circles of the place. In his political faith, Mr. Hinden uses his right of franchise in favor of the Republican party. ^®. ^ ++'»H-i"5"}"H"{~f*-H~M' (^ "'¥W?" ~^ eHRISTIAN LEFEVER. Among the pub- lic-spirited citizens and well-to-do farmers of West Lampeter Township is this worthy old settler, who has devoted his life to the occupa- tion in which he is now engaged. In his younger days he served for three terms as School Director, and for a like number of terms acceptably filled the position of Township Auditor. His fellovv-citi- zens and friends also secured for him, about 1865, 420 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the important position of Prison Inspector of Lan- caster County. In these official capacities he ac- quitted himself greatl3' to his own credit and to the satisfaction of all conceined, as in whatever he undertakes he brings to bear the same unfaltering integrit}' and uprigiitiiess of purpose that charac- terize his every relation with his fellows. Henry Lefever, the father of our subject, was, like the son, a farmer by occupation, and became quite wealthy as the result of his industry and per- severance. At one time he was the owner of three valuable farms which comprised about two hundred acres, and were provided with substantial fences, buildings, etc. He was a member of the Old Men- nonite Church and followed the teachings of the Golden Rule during his entire life. When looking about for a companion and helpmate he chose Miss Elizabeth Hess, 'who was born and reared in Lampe- ter Township, and whose education was obtained in the schools of the district. By this union two children were born, namelj^: Christian and Adam F. In his early life the father was a member of the Democracy, but later was an adherent of the Re- publican party. A native of Lampeter Township, Christian Le- fever's birth occurred November 24, 1823. His primary education was obtained in the district schools in the vicinity of his father's farm, which he attended until attaining the age of eighteen years. Not satisfied however with those advantages, he has become largely self-educated through pri- vate study and extensive reading. When a boy he was trained by his industrious father in the work of a farm, and it is not strange that when he ar- rived at maturity he concluded to adopt the busi- ness for his life occupation. In October, 1863, Mr. Lefever married Miss An- nie Houser, who was born and grew to womanhood in West Lampeter Township. To them have been born three sons and two daughters, who in order of birth are as follows: E^lizabeth, Mrs. Guntner; Jacob H., now deceased; Annie M., who departed this life in 1880; H. F., who married Frances Harnish, and Christian E., who died in the year 1889. Mr. and Mrs. Lefever are members of the Old Mennonitc Cliurch and are never found wanting when benevolent and church work needs their assistance. In 1861 our subject was drafted into the army, but as his home affairs at that time required his attention and presence, he sent a sub- stitute in his stead, keeping him in the army for some three years. (^ G= :£> \En ^ ISAAC H. RYAN, until recently a resident of West Lampeter Township, is now a citizen of Lancaster, having been engaged in a general real-estate and insurance business for several years, and since November, 1888, having his headquar- ters at No. 29 East Orange Street. Mr. Ryan comes of a worthy' and honored family of Pennsyl- vania, where they have been residents since early Colonial d.a^'s. Our subject's great-grandfather was bound out to a man in Chester County, while his parents went with Braddock's army to Pitts- burg during the French and Indian War, and never afterward were heard from by their relatives. The grandfather of Isaac, whose Christian name was John, was a farmer b3' occupation, and a resident of what is now Strasburg Township, this count}'. His father for many years was a teamster on the old road known as the King's Highway, between Philadelphia and Pittsburg. He was a great advo- cate of Masonry, and his death occurred when he had reached the age of seventy-five years, while that of his wife took place when she was in her ninetieth }'ear. Their family comprised five chil- dren: Townsend, John, Jose, Isaac K. and Lydia, the latter of whom became the wife of John Car- penter. The father of our subject, Isaac K. Ryan, was born near Strasburg, in Providence Township, this county, and was a man of good business ability, though his educational privileges were not of the best. During his entire life he devoted his time and attention to agricultural pursuits, and was very active in public and educational affairs, be- ing one of the School Directors who elected Dr. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 421 Wickcrsliam, the first County SuperiDlendent of this county. On attaining to man's estate, Mr. Ryan married Magdaline Lea Sandoe. and their union was blessed witii seven children, who in or- der of birth were as follows: Alive, wife of S. C. Steigerwall; Martha H., who married C. R. Mac- kuse, a marble cutter of Lancaster; .lose .1., assist- ant engineer of cotton mill No. 3, of Lancaster; M. L., who died in his eighth year; Isaac H.; S. C, Mrs. While, of this city, and G. L., also a resi- dent of Lancaster. The mother of these children lived until October, 1884, when she was called from tliis life, being in her sixty-sixth year. The father was active in the ranks of the Hepul)lican part}', and before its organization was a Whig. For many years he served as Trustee and Steward of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is now making his home in Lancaster. Isaac H. Ryan was born October 8, 1819, in Stras- burg, and remained with his father on the farm until thirl3'-one years of age. His education was interrupted at a very earl^' age, as on account of his eyesight he was obliged to leave school, which he had attended for onl}- two years. On starting out in life for himself he came to this place and opened a seed and agricultural implement business on North Queen Street. Later he sold out this enterprise, and for a short time was engaged in the ice business. In January, 1887, he embarked in the real estate business on South (^ueen Street, and at the end of a j'earand a-half removed to his present office on Orange Street, where he is en- gaged in buying and selling property, collecting rents, and attending to insurance and similar lines of business. He is vcrj' liberal in the support of churches and benevolences, and uses his right of franchise in favor of the Republican party. In 1880 a marriage ceremonj- was celebrated in Lancaster by which Miss Mary M., daughter of Jacob Sweigart, became the wife of Mr. Ryan. Three children grace their union, their names in order of birth being as follows: Harry S., Chester K. and Beatrice L. Mr. and Mrs. Ryan are mem- bers of the Duke Street Methodist Episcoiial Church, in the work of which they are active. On the maternal side Mr. Ryan is of German and French descent, his grandfather having emigrated from Germany and made a location in Paradise Township, this count}-. From the P'rench race Mr. R3'an doubtle-ss inherits his polite and hospitable manner, which is inseparable from his generalcliar- acter. lie numbeis man}' devoted friends and .ac- quaintances in this localitN', who cherish for him nothing but good will and respect. B FRANK CONNER, of Colurnhia, Lancas- ter County, is a member of the Siipplee Steam f^ngine Compan}', of which he is President. The shops are located at the corner of Fourth and Manor Streets, and there may be found all kinds of bl.ost furnace and rolling mill castings, in addition to the celebrated Supplee Steam En- gine and Columbian Boiler. The latter is a sj'stem for heating houses or public buildings with steam or hot water, which is known to be the healthiest and most sitisfactory of all methods used in mod- ern heating. Mr. Conner was born December 25, 1853, near Mauch Chunk, Carbon County, Pa., being a son of James M. and Sarah A. (Horn) Conner. The father of the former came from Ireland in boyhood and settled in Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He married and had five children, Daniel, James, Josei)li, Henry, and Martha, who married Colonel Hyde. The father wiis a carpenter by trade, but in later years engaged in running his farm in Dutchess County, N. Y. His son, James M., was born in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., in 1811; he received a common school education, and was a man of more than ordinary intellect. For some years he followed the carpenter's and s.addler's trades in his native city, and afterwards removed to Tro}', N. Y., where many of the family are still living. Subsequently he engaged in farming in Carbon Count}\ While a resident of Nesquehon- ing, that county, he was made Chief of Police. Act- tive in the Methodist Episcopal Church, he was in- strumental in building two houses of worship in Car- bon County. At one time he supported the Know- 422 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD Nothing parly, hut later was a Republican, and held seveial offices. He was a School Director and greatl_y interested in educational affairs. He was a man who was highly' esteemed in tlie community where he dwelt, was active in the encouragement of worthy entei-prises, and was a contractor in the old Carbon Iron Company. By his marriage with Sarah Horn, the father of our subject had twelve children: Martin, Nathan, Margaret, Abiah, Vir- ginia, Mary J.,Hattie, Emma B., Frank, Sarah, Ida and Belle. The mother of these children is still living in Perryville, but the father died Novem- ber 13, 1867, in his fifty-fifth year. B. Frank Conner after completing his public school education took the mechanical and scien- tific course at Cooper's Institute in New York City, and gave his time particularly to chemistry and metalurgv- After leaving school he learned the machinist's trade at Perryville, which he fol- lowed at various places in Carbon County and New York City for eleven years, and tiien assumed charge of the machinery at Perryville. For twelve years he was in charge of different blast furnaces, and lastly in the employ of the Chestnut Hill Iron Company at Columbia until it was closed, in June, 1892. In the fall of that year he became connected with the firm of which he is still a member, and_ runs a general foundry, which gives employment to about forty men. Mr. Conner is a member of the Columbia Iron Company, the Columbia and Donegal Street Railroad, and the Columbia and Ironville Street Railway. He is a stockliolder in the lace mill in this place, and is a Director in the Wilson Laundry Machine Company. In the Hcmetite Ore mines in York County which he operates, twenty men are employed. In real estate Mr. Conner is also considerably interested, being a member of land companies in Nebraska and South Dakota, called respectively the Interstate Townside Company of Nebraska, and the Egmont Townsite Company, and is the owner of a tract of four hundred acres in Lehigh County, this state. He is interested in the water company of Richland, Lebanon County, Pa., and is a. member of the American Institute of Mining Engineers. March 30, 1877, Mr. Conner married Martlia J. Fifer, and two daughters and three sons have blessed their marriage, their names in order of birth being as follows: Eva, James, Jacob, Frank and Martha. Mr. and Mrs. Conner are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which the former is a Steward and Secretary of the official board. Ever interested in educational matters, oursub- ject has served as a member of the School Board and IS still acting in that capacity. At one time he was Burgess of Coplay, Lehigh County, and is an ardent Republican, being a member of the Gilt Edged Republican Club and its First Vice-Presi- dent. He is a Mason, belonging to Williamson Valley Lodge in Berks County, and in Perryville was a member of Washington Camp No. 117, P. O. S. of A. :^#G JEREMIAH RH''E, who has a real-estate and fire-insurarice agency at No. 32^ South Duke Street, Lancaster, is one of the most successful and popular business men of this city. A man of great public spirit and enterprise and one of the ardent Republicans, it was most fitting that his fellow-citizens should elect hiru to serve as Al- derman, wliich was done in Februar3', 1894. In a number of very important corporations Mr. Rife has been one of the prime movers, and is much in- terested in mining and milling operations in Colo- rado, being Secretary in two different extensive companies. The birth of Jeremiah Rife took place in Earl Township, Lancaster County, in 1841, and in the same house his father, Samuel, was also born. The paternal grandfather, Samuel, was an agriculturist, whose death occurred when be was in his eighty- fourth year, on his farm in Earl Township. Sam- uel Rife, Jr., is still living, being engaged in farm- ing to some extent, though he has practically retired from active cares, and still lives on the old homestead in Earl Township. His wife, Elizabeth, was born in Leacock Township, this county, and is a daughter of Samuel Slieaffer, an agriculturist. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Rife, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 423 and the subject of this narrative is the eldest of tlic family' and the onlj' one whose home is in this city. His boyhood was passed on his fatlier's farm, and his dutiful assistance was given to his parents until he reached early manhood. In addition to general school advantages he was for a time a stu- dent in the Millersville Normal, and in 1859 he began teaching in the home district, and to that work he devoted the next seven years of his life. It was in 1865 that Mr. Rife came to Lancaster and for three years he carried on a grocery trade on East King Street. In 1868 he engaged in the insurance business at his present oflicc, being a member of the lirm of Rife iV- Kauffman until 1886. Since that year he has been in business alone, and has built up a wide reputation as a man of excel- lent business capacity and sterling worth. Among the companies which he represents are the Home, Pha'nix. Westchester of New York; the .\mcrican andGirard, of Philadelphia; the Hartford, of Hart- ford, Conn.; the Royal, of Liverpool; the Trans- Allaulic, of Germany, and the Travelers Life and Accident, of llarlf(»i(l. In 1888 the Lancaster Mining and MillingCom- pany, operating in LaPlata County, Colo., was in- corporated with a ca[)ital stock uf >!lO(t,000. Mr. Rife was one of its organizers, and is a leading stockholder as well as Secretary of the concern. With the Mt. Lewis Mining and Milling Company, of LaPlata County, Colo., he occupies a like posi- tion. This comiiany was incoiporated in the spring of 1893 at ¥600,000, and Mr. Rife spent sometime at the plant in the fall of that year. The office and headquarters of these two organizations are at No. 3 South Duke Street, Lancaster. In politics, Mr. Rife is a Republican of no uncertain stamp, and socially belongs to Inland Cil\' No. 88, K. of P., of which he is Past Chancellor; Inland City Divis- ion No. 7, U. R. K. of P., and to the order of Red Men. Of the latter society he belongs to Ee- shalikonee Tribe No. 22, of Lancaster, and is Past Sachem and Keeper of Wampum. In Lancaster County* Mr. Rife was married in 1864 to Miss Weidlcr, who w.as born in LTpper Lea- cock Townshi]), and four of the seven children born of their marriage are stili living. Martin, the eldest in order of birth, is engaged in business with his father. In the Lutheran denomination Mr. Rife holds membership, belonging to the Holy Trinity congregation, of which he is now serving as one of the Vestr^'. Active and upright in his ever^' relation to his fellow-men, Mr. Rife has won for himself the confidence and good-will of all with wliom he has been thrown in contact, and h.as long been considered one of the most worthj^ cit- izens of his native place. DAVID B. LANDIS, President of the Cones- toga National Bank, is a very wealth^' and respected citizen of Lancaster. He is a member of the lirm of D. B. Landis & Son, of Lan- caster, and is extensively concerned in grain and milling enterprises. The Landis family is a very old and honorable one in this county, and their history is given in detail elsewhere in this volume. The paternal grandfather of our subject was of English descentand was born in this county, where he engaged in farming. Benjamin Landis, the father of our subject, was born in East Lampeter Township, and became quite well-off, owning live farms, which he ojwr- ated until he retired from active cares. He died about 1873, aged sevenl\'-one years. He was a School Director, Township Supervisor and a lead- ing Republican of his ncighliorliood. He married Miss Mary, daughter of David Buckwalter, of East Lampeter Township. Her father was born in the same township, being a Mennonite of German de- scent, and one of liis sons was a minister in that denomination. He w.as a successful farmer and owner of considerable property. After a wedded life of sixt^'-five years his wife died, in 1886, and his death occurred at the age of eighty-eight years. To Mr. and Mrs. Landis eleven children were born, eight of whom are living. The birth of D. B. Landis occurred January 13, 1830, in Upper Leacock Township, of this county, and he lived on his father's farm until twenty- 424 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. seven years of age, when the property, comprising one luindred and seventeen acres, fame into his possession. From 1857 to 1867 he operated the farm and did considerable business in stock. In 1867 he bought a mill on Mill Creek, three miles from Lancaster, which had a capacity of fifty bar- rels of flour per day and which he ran for six years. He then sold out and engaged in the brewing business at Lititz for the next twelve years. His home during this period was near Lan- caster, where he owned a farm of twenty-four acres. Abont-this time he bought t!ie old Landis Mill on Mill Creek, and also bought another mill property still further up the river, and ran liotii mills for three years, then selling the u|)per one. In 1878 he purchased a warehouse on Water and Lemon Streets, Lancaster, and then embarked in the grain business. He has an elevator witli a ca- pacity of one hundred car loads and has buyers here and in the west. He deals in all kinds of grain, making shipments to Pliiladelphia, New York and .Jersey City. The celebrated old Landis Mill is still in his possession, though he now rents it. He is the owner of the Quarry ville Mill, which lie refitted with steam rollers and modern appliances, and which lias a capacity of one hundred barrels of flour per day. The firm to which our subject belongs has the largest business in grain in the county, and his son is the general manager of the concern. In 1889 Mr. Landis assisted in organ- izing the Conestoga National Bank, was elected its President at the start and as such has continued. Tins institution was incorporated at •tl25,000 and in July, 1891, the capital slock was increased to $200,000. At that time the bank was removed to the present building at tiie corner of Queen and Kiug Streets. The Vice-President is P. W. Heisti- ant, of Millersville, and the Cashier is A. K. Hos- tetter. Mr. Landis was for eiglit years a Director in tlie Fanners' Bank, and owns much property and many residences in this vicinity, in addition to five hundred acres of land in Conawago Town- ship, which he rents. In 1857 David B. Landis married Martha Groff, who was born in the same township as liimself and who was a daughter of Daniel Groff, an old settler and miller of the locality. Mr. and Mrs. Landis have one child, Clayton G., who is in partnership with his father. The family residence is on East King .Street, where they are surrounded by every- thing which goes to make a home of refinement and culture. Mr. Landis is a loyal Republican and was School Director of East Lampeter Township for three 3'ears. He was twice elected Director of the Poor and was President of the Board for one term. He was for ten years a Director in the Inquirer Pub- lishing Compan}', now known as the Wickersham Publishing Compan}'. As a member of the First Presbyterian Church Mr. Landis is one of its Trustees, being Chairman of the Board and is on the Building Committee. ^=m^-^m^ JOSEPH S. ZOOK. a successful contractor and builder, residing in the city of Lancaster, who is a member of the Common Council, was born in Cumberland Count}', Md., No- vember 11, 1850. His father. Christian Zook, was born in I^eacock Township, Lancaster County, in 1825. The grandfather was also born in the same county, and was an old-fashioned farmer. This family trace their ancestry back to Switzerland. For further particulars concerning the ancestry of the Zook family, see the biographical sketch of .L Gust Zook. Our subject's father was married in Cumberland County and was a contractor and builder, and March 3, 1870, returned to Lancaster, engaging in the same line of work. He died in April, 1891, and was an exemplary member of the Mennonite Church. His good wife, the mother of our subject, was Catherine (Steiner) Zook, a na- tive of Cumberland Count}', and the daughter of Deitrich Steiner, a native of the same county, and a farmer by occupation. They reared a family of eight children, seven of whom grew to their ma- jority, our subject being the eldest now living. He was reared midst the scenes of his childhood, and there received his education in the common schopls; he also learned the carpenter's trade. He JOHN A. BURGER. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 427 remained at home until 1870, and then came to Lancaster, and in liie year 187t became a partner of iiis father as a carpenter and buildci-, and in 1881 succeeded to the business. lie has been an extensive builder fur himself and for others. In 1883 he erected seventeen two-story, man- sard roof, brick residences facing on two streets, and a year later sold a large number of them. The same year he built eighteen residences on East Hamilton and Frederick Streets, and also had many side contracts. Subsequently he built forty-three residences for himself on Court Street. In 181)3 he built fifteen residences on First Street and sold all of them before the}- were completed. He has averaged about thirty-five residences for a number of years, and now owns fifty residences in Lancas- ter. His shop is located in the rear of No. 340 Frederick Street. Miss Anna M. Krauskoff became our subject's wife. She was a native of Lancaster, and died leaving one child, Ralph W. For his second wife Mr. Zook married Louisa A. Strain p, who was born in Lancaster. By this marriage they have one child living, Maude E. Politicallj- our subject is a Republican, and has served five terms as a member of the Council from the Sixth Ward, being elected in 1888 by a large majority. He has been Street Committeeman and held other city offices. He is a member of the Citizens' Club and Young Men's Club. »+•{•+*( J-i"i"f+f JOHN A. BURGER is one of the most exten- sive contractors and builders in Lancaster, and has of late years associated his son in business with him nnder the firm name of John A. Burger & Son. He has for years had a large and remunerative trade, and has become wealth}' by his own well directed efforts and business enter- prises. He has been a resident of Lancaster Coun- t}- since 1849, and has followed his present occu- pation for forty-two years. Mr. Burger is a native of Allendorf, Prussia, Ijorn December 20, 1828. His father, Philip Adam Burger, whose birth occurred in the same province, 18 was an agriculturist, and to that calling devoted his entire life. He lived and died in the Protest- ant faith. Ills wife, Elizabeth .Seelbach before her marriage, was born in the same locality, and be- came the mother of five children, only two of whom are living, and they are residents of Lan- caster County. Our subject was reared in his native land, where he received a good education. At the age of thir- teen and a-half years, he was apprenticed to learn the carpenter's trade, and worked for his master two and a-half years. He managed to escape the military draft and worked as a journeyman car- penter. For a year he was employed in Dussel- dorf-on-thc-Rliine. In the spring of 1849 he left his home on the sailing-vessel leaving Bremen Feb- ruary 24, and landing in New York City on the 1st of May. For about three weeks he worked in the metropolis, and then came to Lancaster Coun- ty, working for B. B. Martin, in Millersville. In 1852 he became a contractor and builder for him- self, and for eighteen years was emploj'ed in erect- ing barns and residences for the settlers of ISIanor, Lancaster and other townships. He was very am- bitious and energetic, often putting up four build- ings during a spring. He erected the largest barn in the county, a two-story building 90x120 feet in size on the farm belonging to Christian B. Herr. In 1869 Mr. Burger came to settle permanently' in Lancaster. Among other buildings which he has erected are two of the largest schoolhouses and four other school buildings, four market houses situated in the eastern, southern, western and center of the town. Two churches, man}' ware- houses, store and office buildings show marks of his handiwork, and the Trust Company's and Peo- ple's Banks are as fine as can be found in the state. A number of the residences of leading citizens were built by our subject, and among them we mention those of John Keller, John D. Skiles, B. B. Martin, B. F. Eshleman, William Spreachers, D. P. Locher and George Spreachers; also the Stejih- ens' house. From the fall of 1875 until the fol- lowing year, his time was fully occupied in Phila- clelphia, where he erected fifteen buildings for the Centennial. Moreover, he built the large opera house on Broad Street, Affenbach's Garden and 428 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the dwelling of Mr. Lockard, Superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad. Uuring that summer he had in his employ about five hundred men, and the superintendence of so many buildings in course of construction at the same time told severely o.i his hcaltli. Since that time he has taken life more moderately, and has not attemi)ted such ambitious and far reaching affairs. He built the place known as the Burger Block, in which he still owns five buildings, and also other property in different parts of the city. In 1889 he took in his son Adam N. as a partner in the business. They have built an industrial school in Port Deposit, Md., and have under contract the Soldiers' Or()han School at Scotland, Franklin County, Pa. In Millersville, Mr. Burger was married in 1852 to Elizabeth Neff, who was born in Baden, Ger- many. Her father, Christof Neff, died in this city. Mr. and Airs. Burger became the parents of five children, of whom the three eldest are deceased. Frances lives at home; Adam N., who was educa- ted in the Normal, and for two years was a stu- dent in the Franklin and Marshall College, mar- ried Miss Anna C. Miller, and has two sons, Rob- ert and Charles. Mrs. Burger was called from this life June 1, 1893. For the past nine years Mr. Burger has been an Elder in ZIon's Lutheran Church, where he is an active member. He belongs to Germania Lodge No. 168, while his son is identified with the same order, though belonging to a different lodge. Po- litically he is a Republican. For a number of years he was a Director in the Lancaster Home Mutual Fire Insurance Com|)any, and has been greatly interested in whatever has tended toward the development of this place. d****!^, "•i'****^^ FREDERICK AUGUSTUS GAST, D. D., is professor of Hebrew and Old Testament Theology in the Theological Seminary of the Reformed Church in the United States at Lan- caster, and is a scholar whose reputation is very extended. He is an authority on these branches of research, to which he has devoted a large portion of his life, and years of most arduous study. As a member of the London Society of Biblical Archie- ology. and of the Society of Biblical Exegesis, he has been i^rominently identified, and has often contributed articles of great merit to the "Old Testament Student," to the "Reformed Church Quarterly" and many other periodicals. Since January, 1872, Dr. Gast has been connected with the Theological Seminary in his present capacity, and has been a witness and assistant in its surpris- ing growth and progress. A native of Lancaster, Dr. Gast was here born October 17, 1835, being a son of Cliristiau Gast, who was born in Germany in 1808 and is still liv- ing. The grandfather, Frederick, a native of the Fatherland, brought his family to America about 1817, settling in this city. In Germany he had followed farming, but after coming to the New World engaged as a basketmaker. Christian Gast was reared to manhood in Lancaster, and learned the shoemaker's trade. In 1835 he embarked in business for himself as a manufacturer and retail shoe dealer, being the oldest in the trade, which he continued for many years, or "until he retired. A member of the Reformed Church, he has been an Elder for over half a century; for 3'ears has been one of the Trustees of the Lancaster Cemetery Association, and active in many local industries. He assisted in organizing the Mutual Life Insur- ance Company of this place, of which he has been a Trustee, and is a local officer of the Mechanics Library, which he helped to found. Formerly a AVhig, he is now an active supporter of the Repub- lican party. His wife, Maria, was a daughter of Jeremiah Eckert, who was born in Schuylkill Coun- ty, Pa., and in boyhood came to this city. He was a carpenter and architect, having a great reputa- tion as a stair builder, and traveled in all parts of the slate working at that employment. He was of German descent, was a soldier in the War of 1812, and died in 1858, when over seventy j'ears of age. Mrs. Gast, who is now in her eighty- third year, be- came the mother of ten children, seven of whom grew to maturity, but only five are now living. Three of her sons enlisted in the late war. Eman- uel, who died in 1875, went out on the first call, enlisting for three months; Albert, a member of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 429 tlie Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, was wounded in an engagement, but recovered and served until the close of the Rebellion. After- wards he engaged in tlie confectionery business, in which he continued until he was accidentally killed on the railroad in 1892. William, who succeeded to his father's business, enlisted for nine months' service in a Pennsylvania Regiment under Colonel Franklin. Graduating from the Lancaster High School in 1853, Frederick A. Gast entered the Fresiinian Class of Franklin and Marshall College, this being the year that the two institutions were united. In 1856 the young man was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and three years later the de- gree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him- In 1877 the college of Waynesburg gave him the degree of Doctor of Divinity. In 1856 he entered the Theological Seminary at Mercersburg, wliere he remained for a year, and for the succeeding year had charge of the Mt. Dempsey Academy in Perry County. After a j-ear as Principal of the Lebanon High Schools he was ordained at New Holland in 1859, having charge of the congrega- tion until the spring of 1865. At that time he w.as a()pointed Chaplain of the Forty-fifth Pennsyl- vania Regiment b^- Governor Curtin, and went to Petersburg, serving until the close of the war, and was mustered out at Alexandria in July, 1865. In September following he went to Franklin Coun- ty, being pastor of congregations at Loudon and St. Thomas for the next two years. It was in September, 1867, that he was made Rector of the P'ranklin and Marshall Academy, which later had on its staff Drs. Gerhard, pastor of Reading; Schaeffer, State Superintendent of Education, and Peters, President of Heidelberg College. From 1872 to 1873 he was tutor of the Seminary, and since Oc- tober of the latter year has held the chairs of He- brew and Old Testament Theologj-. The number of students of this well known institution is over five times as large as when he first became con- nected with the seminary, and great progress has been made in the system of instruction and in every department of the work. In 1857 Professor Gast was married in tliis city to Adelina, daughter of Jacob and Maria Frey. The father is a representative of the early settlers, and in former years was engaged in freighting. The pleasant home of our subject, which he owns, is situated at No. 233 North Mary Street. In politics Professor Gast uses his franchise in favor of the Republican part^'. HKNRY K. TRUST. In this sketch we pre- sent to the attention of our readers a short record of the life history of a man who is well known in the city of Lancaster. He is one of the most experienced tobacco inspectors in the state, and is at present agent and inspector for F. C. Linde, Hamilton & Co., of New York City. He has made this business the study of a lifetime, and has worked his way up from the bot- tom to the top round of the ladder. Our subject was born in this city, January 12, 1854, and is the son of John Trost, a native of Russia. The father came to America when a lad of fourteen 3'ears, locating immediately in Lancas- ter, where he engaged in fruit growing, owning at one time a large estate of four hundred and seven- ty-four acres. He was an active member of the Catholic Church, and died when seventy-eight years of age. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Margaret (Gable) Trost, was likewise born in this cit}' and is still living, making her home on the old homestead. She reared a familj' of four sons and two daugh- ters, of whom our subject was the fourth in order of birth. He received his education first in the common and later in the high schools of his native city, after which he learned the shoemaker's trade. He followed this only a short time, when he en- gaged in the tobacco business, working in the ware- house, where he was later promoted to foreman of the establishment. He afterward was in the em- ploy of Flmanuel Hoffman & Son, of New York, with whom he remained as buyer and receiver un- 430 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. til 1876, the year lie was made tobacco inspector. For many years he was the inspector for tiie larg- est tobacco house in New York, and is the old- est and most experienced in tiiis line of business in this city. Henry R. Trost was married in 1879 to Miss Susan A. Auxcr. a native of this city, by whom lie has become the father of six children: John H., Charles H., William R., Gertie B., Myre E. and Clarence A. Religiously our subject is a member of St. Mary's Catholic Church, and in politics is independent. Socially he is a member in high standing of the Royal Arcanum, and is an office holder in his lodge. His rebidence is located at No. 118 South Queen Street, and his place of busi- ness at No. 167 North Queen Street. <&.- _^]< "S]- ■1^^ AMUEL SHAUB is one of the wortliy old settlers of Strasburg Township, of which he has been a resident for about half a cen- tury, and though well along in years, still contin- ues to operate his homestead. The Shaub family have been for many generations numbered among the best agriculturists of the county, and have been identified with this immediate locality for over a century. The paternal grandfather of Samuel Shaub, whose Christian name was Henry, was a very wealthy agriculturist of West Lampeter Township and followed the lifelong occupation of farming. He was an influential member of the Old Mennon- ite Church, and was a loyal and patriotic citizen. He married Miss Barbara Heir, and had a family comprising seven children. His son, Henry, Jr., the father of our subject, was born in West Lam- peter Township, and on arriving at man's estate, married Miss Elizabeth Denlinger, who died leav- ing three children, all of whom are now dead. Af- terward he was married to Mary Eckman. He died while in the prime of life, being fifty-five years of age. Like his father before him, he made his live- lihood by tilling the soil, and owned a valuable farm in Providence Township. He took great pride in keeping liis farm under good cultivation and well stocked, and was a very practical business man. To himself and wife were born six children: Henry, Abram, Martin, Susan, Samuel and Jacob. Susan became the wife of John Martin. The subject of this biography was born in Prov- idence Township, on his father's farm, March 17, 1816. In the usual manner of farmer boys, his time was spent until he had attained his majority. He assisted in the cultivation of the homestead, and in this way acquired a knowledge of farming, which has been of the utmost use to him in his sub- sequent life. During the winter terms of school he was a student for twelve years in the district of which he was a resident. When twenty j'ears old he began farming on his own account in Provi- dence Township, and there remained for nine years, owning a good property in that locality. He then removed to Strasburg Township, making a settlement upon the farm which he has since cul- tivated and now owns. Mr. Shaub has been twice married, his first union being with Mary Miller, who was called from this life in October, 1874. Their two children. Mary and Aldus, have gone to join their mother in the better land. The present wife of our subject was before her marriage Lizzie Hostetter, and their only child, Amos, lives with them in their pleasant home. Religiously Mr. Shaub is identified witii the Old Mennonite Church, to which his father be- longed, and in his political convictions is affiliated with the Republican party. H ENRY F. ANDREWS. For considerably more than half a century this honored old settler has been identified with the devel- opment and prosperity which are such a prominent features of Lancaster County, within whose limits he has passed his entire life. Since reaching his majority lie has followed the business of a jeweler and has a well eqipped store in Strasburg. The father of our subject. Rev. Jacob Andrews 1\JRTRAIT AND BTOGRAPmCAL RECORD. 431 was born in East L.impeter Township in tiie year 17'.)7. In his early manhood lie followed coverlet weaving in Manor Township, after which he oper- ated a farm in Paradise Township, which he sold and retired from active cares in 1863. lie w.is a Republican after the party was formed, for a num- ber of years serving .is Tax Collector of his town- ship and for many years was Auditor of West Lampeter Township. He was a very active worker in the Old Mennonite Church and w.as ordained to preach the Gospel in 1856. He married Kannie, daughter of Henry Funk, a wealthy citizen of Lan- c.aster. Tc) this worthy couple were born two sons, Henry F. and .Jacob. The father died in l.s73,aiid his wife's death occurred in 1882. Henry F. Andrews, of whom we write, was born in Manor Township October 5, 1832. His boyhood was passed on his father's farm and lie gave his assistance dutifully to his father iov many years. His education was obtained in the public schools of Fast Kaiii|)eter Township, within the limits of which the family was then living. On leaving school the young man became interested with his lather in carrying on the homestead and continued to work at that business until he reached his ma- jority. As his tastes were not in the direction of agriculture he dec'ded to learn a trade, and at last made up his mind to become a watchmaker and jeweler. This occupation has been his been his business from that time up to the present and he has succeeded in making a good livelihood for his family. In addition to his regular business he p.iys a great deal of attention to fitting spectacles and keeps a good line of optical sujjplies. He also is local agent for several kinds for sewing machines and sells the majority of those which are purchased in this region. November 7, 1861, Mr. Andrews married Annie L. Kreider, by wlK)ra he has had nine children: Barbara, who became the w'ife of II. Frank Mowery; Fannie, now Mrs. L. L. Kreider, .Jr.; Mary, wife of Ezra H. Mellinger; Esther, deceased; John K.; An- nie E., deceased; Henry F.,.Jr.; .Jacob K. and Charles T., deceased. Mrs. Andrews was born December 17, 1841, being a daughter of the well known farmer, Rev. Tobias Kreider, a minister in the Old Mennonite Church. Mr. Andrews has always been a promoter of good schools and the best educa- tional facilities to be obtained for the children of his district, and for a period of eighteen years has been one of the .School Directors in the borough of .Strasburg. Politically he deposits his ballot in favor of Republican nominees. The paternal grandfather of our subject, who bore the Christian name of Peter, learned the weaver's trade in his young manhood, which call- ing he followed for a number of j'ears. Later in life he took up farming and became the owner of a well improved tract of land in East Lampeter Township, his farm comi)rising about nineteen acres. He w.os an old line Whig and was a man who was greatl}- respected by all with whom he came in contact. A family of six children was born to him and his wife, as follows: Peter, .Jo- seph, Daniel, .Jacob, Esther and Elizabeth. In girl- hood Mrs. Andrews was known as Magdalene Hosier. l(S)- S^*)X?(?J •W-M'«M-f*'M"}''r+++-l- .(g'J (@r"' ^ 0HARLES W. BREUNINGER. The wealth and exalted position of Lancaster Coun- I ty among her sisters in the state is al- most entirely owing to the industrious German colonies, who have from time to time located within her limits, and who have in eveiy wa}' developed her resources. Among the natives of j the Fatherland who have cast in their lots with 1 the inhabitants of this favored region is the sub- ject of this sketch, who from his boyhood has been identified with the county's welfare. For the past eight years he has been operating a bakery in Strasburg. He is master of his trade, which he has followed for a number of years successfully. The paternal grandfather of our subject, John Breuninger, made his life work that of a tanner, and died in Germany. He had a family of four children, Jacob J., Elizabeth, Caroline and August. The eldest of the family, Jacob J., the father of 432 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. our subject, was born at Sieglingen, Wurtemberg, Germany, Julj' 2, 1818. He learned the tanner's trade, at which calling lie worked for about forty- five years. He was quite a prominent man, and was a Councilman in Brackenheim, Germany, and religiously was identified with the Lutheran de- nomination. For his wife he chose Caroline Eber- bach, by whom he had six children, Louisa, wiio married A. Saalbach; August, Mary, Emanuel, Charles W. and Herman. The birth of Charles W. Breuninger, of whom we write, occurred in Brackenheim, Germany, Au- gust 29, 1858. For some seven years he attended the excellent schools of his native town, and re- ceived a good education in his mother tongue. In the year 1871, he bade adieu to the friends of his youth and set sail for the United States. He pro- ceeded direct to Pittsburg, Pa., where in order to obtain a knowledge of English he attended school for about four months. He worked as a printer in the same citj' for the next three j'ears, and for a period of four years was emplo3'ed by a book and publishing house in the same place. Then going to Philadelpliia he worked for two years in the employ of a publisliing house, and at the end of this time abandoned the trade. Going to Coates- ville, Chester County, Pa., he learned tlie baker's business with his brother, wliere he remained for three years in that locality. For a year and a-half he was in partnership with his brother, P^^manuel, and after tiieir connection was dissolved he came to Strasburg, and bought out the baking establish- ment of John F. Hull. For the past eight years he has operated this plant and has made a success of his business venture. Though not a member of any church organiza- tion, Mr. Breuninger is one of the Trustees of the Presbyterian Church of this borough. Socially he is a member of the Masonic order, belonging to Lodge No. 564, of Coatesville. A very active worker in the ranks of the Republican party, he has been chosen by his fellow-citizens to be their representative in the town council, and has served in that capacity for six consecutive years, receiv- ing high commendation for his fidelity to the best interests of all concerned. At the present time he is the President of the honorable body, and his in- fluence is safely relied upon for the promotion of local enterprises and improvements. September 20, 1886, Mr. Breuninger was united in marriage with Catherine Finkbohner, and of their union have been born four children, namely: Mary, Carl, George and Walter. JOHN HOFFMAN HIGH, ex-City Treasurer and ex-Sheriff of Lancaster, makes his home in the city of tiiat name, where he is a pop- ular oflicial and prominent resident. He is a native of this county, having been born in New Holland, November 2, 1836, and is the son of Jacob High, also a native of Lancaster County. The High family are of Swiss origin and the patronymic was originally spelled Hoch. J.acob High worked as a linen weaver until his marriage, when he abandoned that occupation and began farming. He owned a good estate in East Earl Township, where he was residing at the time of his decease, when eighty-six years of age. His wife, formerly Miss Susan Hoffman, was the daughter of Jacob Hoffman, a farmer in East Earl Town- ship, and a member of the Mennonite Church, with which religious body the parents of our subject were also connected. Jacob High was a School Director for many years, and in politics was first a Whig and later a Republican. Our subject was the eldest but one in the pa- rental family of three sous and one daughter, and obtained his education in the district school near his home. He remained under the parental roof until attaining his majority, and then, ready to establish a home of his own, was married to Miss Maria M. Renninger, born in East Earl Township, and the daughter of Jonas Renninger, a farmer by occupation. Young High immediatel3- began fann- ing on his own account, and purchasing a tract of land upon which the village of Spring Grove is PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 433 now located, set himself arduously about the work of its improvement. He later laid out twelve acres of his farm in a small township, and erecting a store, carried on a large business as general mer- chant, doing ^20,000 worth of business each j'ear. Mr. High also established two mail routes in the vicinity and was the first Postmaster of the place, occupying the position for ten or twelve years. During this time he continued his mercantile busi- ness with remarkable success, and in the spring of 1881 was the successful candidate for the otlice of Sheriff, being elected over his opponent by a major- ity of one thousand votes. December 20 of that year he moved into the city of Lancaster with his family, and was the incumbent of the ollice of Sheriff until January, 1885. During that time there were nine murder trials tried in the courts, and besides these desperate men. Sheriff High cap- tured innumerable burglars and desperate charac- ters of every sort. He was very shrewd in dealing with criminals and succeeded in capturing Isaac Bussard in Chicago and bringing him back to this state, lodging him in the penitentiary. After the expiration of his term of otlice, in 1885, Mr. High lived retired from any kind of bus- iness for two years, when he began the niauuf.ac- ture of steam radiators in company with Dr. M. L. Herr and F. H. Hare. The business was later incorporated as the Lancaster Steam Radiator Company, with a capital stock of l!35,000. Mr. High was Superintendent and Treasurer of the Company until IHilO, when he disposed of his in- terest in the concern. In 1893 he was elected to the otlice of City Treasurer by the Council, and his long experience as a business man and politician is a source of great value to iiim. He is popular with all with whom he associates, and having gatliered a never-ending fund of anecdotes, is never more interesting than when relatingsome story of his experience as an official. Mr. High and his family occupy a comfortable home at No. 533 Duke Street, and besides this residence our subject owns property in East Earl Township. Mr. High is one of the Directors of the Northern National Bank, with which he has been connected since its organization. To our subject and his estimable wife there have been born live children, of whom onl3' two daughters are living: Alice C, the wife of J. B. Eslileman, of Ephrata, and Carrie M., now the wife of Fred Pfeifer, of this city. In politics our subject is a Republican, and has been active in the interests of his party for twent^'-one years. Holigiously he is connected with the Re- formed Church and aids in the various phases of church work. I®)- ^m^.... -(e>J 1^5^ 1^ Crx BRAHAM L. THOMAS. Genial manners / — \ and strict integrity of purpose are traits of character that invariably make a man popular throughout the community in which he resides, and certainly such has proved to be the case in the history of Mr. Thom.as, who is num- bered among the most popular citizens of Lancas- ter County. His judgment is excellent, and he possesses a large amount of mechanical genius. He bears the distinction of being one of the oldest iron merchants in the United States, and is at present a member of the firm of Anne & Thomas, of Lancaster. The original of this sketch was born in Stafford- shire, England, August 3, 1835, and is the son of Thomas Thomas, a native of Gloucestershire, where he was a manufacturer of tin plate, and died at the age of tifty-four years, (irandfalher John Thomas was likewise born in that shire, and fol- lowed the above business for many years. He lived to the advanced age of ninetj'-five ^ears. Mrs. Phebe (Lester) Thomas, the mother of our subject, was a native of England, and the daughter of John Lester, manager of iron works in Tipton, England; he died when in his eighty-first year. Mrs. Thomas was accidentally killed in 1858. She was an active member of the Bloomfield Methodist Episcopal Church. The parental family of our subject included seven children, of whom three are living. Thomas 434 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. L. is a wealthy iron merchant of Tipton, England, and Phebo married Joseph P'uHwood, and is also living in her native land. Abraham L. attended the common schools of his shire, and after com- pleting his education began learning the iron busi- ness, working in the rolling mills. He commenced at the very beginning, and was promoted from time to time until he was made Superintendent of the mills. In 1863 the original of this sketch decided to come to tlie New World, embarking on the steamer "City of Cork." On arriving in this country he went to Allentown, where he was made Superin- tendent of an iron plant, which position he held for two years, and for the years intervening be- tween that time and 1870 was Superintendent of Tamaqua Rolling Mills. That year, however, he was made President and Superintendent of the .Schuylkill County Cast Steel Company, controlling that plant for two years, when he went to Ham- burg, and for two years filled the same position for a fli-m there. In 1877 Mr. Thomas came to Lancaster, and was soon placed in charge of the Penn Iron Works as Superintendent until 1883. The following year he formed a partnership with Mr. Anne, and the firm have been in existence since that time and are known throughout this portion of the state. Mr. Thomas is held in high esteem by the citizens of his community, both for his present success and for his energy in so nobly conquering the obstacles that stood between him and wealth. The marriage of Mr. Thomas and Miss Maria Thompson was celebrated in England, July 14, 1861. The lady was born there and was the daughter of John Thompson, a contractor. Mrs. Thomas departed this life in 1877, the same year the family came to this city. She left at her de- cease six children, Anne M., now the wife Alders C. Hershock; Thomas J., engaged in Ijusiness with our subject; Ada E., now Mrs. John W. Anne; Florence L. and Berta A., at home with their fa- ther; andAmy E., now deceased. Socially Mr. Thomas is a Mason, belonging to Lodge No. 238, at Tamaqua. He is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and in- terested in religious matters. In politics he is an ardent and influential Republican. In 1893 Mr. Thomas made a trip to England, visiting his old home and his many friends and relatives. He was accompanied on the journey by his daughter, Mrs. Anne. r~y APT. WI LLIAM D. STAUFFER, ox-Mayor ^^/ of Lancaster, and an extensive wholesale and retail hat dealer, was born in Earl Township, on the 20th of March, 1840. Ilis fa- ther, John Stauffer, was born in .Salisbury Town- shi|), Lancaster County. The grandfather, John, was a native of the same place as his son, and the great-grandfather was born in Germany, on the Rhine; he was there married, but subsequently settled in this county, in East Lampeter Township. He had two brothers, Jacob and Henjamin, who set- tled in Pennsylvania, in Montgomery and Bucks Counties resi)ectivel3'. They were all millers by trade. Our subject's great-grandfather builtamill which he operated for many years, and also carried on an extensive farm consisting of six hundred acres, which he purchased from William Penn. Our subject's grandfather purchased a farm in Sal- isbury Township, which he improved. His wife's maiden name w.as Sarah De Shung. She w.as a Bap- tist in her religious faith. Her grandparents were born in France, and emigrated to this country with their family, locating in Philadelphia, the father being an importer of chinaware. Our subject's father was. reared in Salisbury, and was a farmer and surveyor b}' profession, and followed it throughout his life. Late in life he moved to Earl Township, near New Holland, where he led a retired life, and finally settled in the vil- lage ot New Holland, where he died in 1882, aged eighty-one years. The family were Presb\terians. Our subject's mother, Elizabeth (Wenger) Stauffer, was born near Bird in Hand, Leacock Township, and was the daughter of Jacob VV^enger, who died upon his farm. Captain Stauffer's mother still re- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 435 sides with lier daughter Josephine, in the village of New Ilulland, in her cighty-fDiirtii year. Tlie parents of our subject reared a family of seven children^, live sons and two daughters. Theodore W., wlio served in tiie .Second Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery as First Lieutenant, now resides in Phil- adelphia and is a hardware merchant; J. New- ton served as First Sergeant in the late war, in the One Hundred and Ninety-lifth Regiment, and is now a hardware merchant in Lancaster; Isaac M. is a railroad engineer, residing in .Springfield, Mo. The eldest and youngest children are deceased. Our subject, the fourth eldest in the family, was reared in New Holland, and received his education in the public schools in that village. In .March, 185G, Captain Stauflfer came to Lan- caster, where he worked in a hardware store, re- maining in that line of business until the breaking out of the Hcbcllion. and M.ay 6, 18(51, he enlisted in the Union Guards of Lancaster, which company was mustered into the United States service as Company B, First Regiment Penns^'lvania Re- serves, and remained for a i)criod of three years. He was promoted from time to time, finally reach- ing the rank of Captain. He participated in some of the heaviest engagements of the war. including the seven days' Peninsula campaign under McClel- lan, second battle of Bull Run. South Mountain, An- tietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, and others of historic note. After the battle of Gettysburg he was in the Mine Run expedition under General Mead. When the Army of the Potomac was re- organized and the spring campaign opened May 4, 1864, and wlien General Grant took comniand.our subject took part in the battle of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, Bethesda Church and Cold Harbor. He remained until the close of the war, receiving an honorable discharge. It should be said in this connection, however, that when he returned home for the first time after serving three 3xars, he assisted in raising a company for the One Hundred and Ninet3'-fifth Regiment and was made its First Lieutenant. November 1, 1864, he re-enlisted in the field for one jear, and was made First Lieutenant of Comjianj' C, of the same regiment, from which position he was promoted to Captain of Company H, One Hundred and Ninety- fifth Regiment. For five months he served as Ad- jutant of his regiment, when he w.as detailed as Aide de-Camp and Assistant Adjutant General on the staff of Gen. W. II. Seward, Jr., son of Pres- ident Lincoln's Secretary of State. He was finally mustered out of the service with his company at Washington, D. C, on the 31st of January, 1866. He made a most excellent soldier and saw much of real hardship and exposure. After his return from army life Captain Stauffer became Chief Deputy to the Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County, and in the autumn of 1869 w.as elected to the office of Prothonotary and served until December, 1872. The following spring he made an extended trip through the west, visiting Kansas and Colorado. In political matters he has always been very ac- tive. He was elected Mayor of the city after a hard fought battle in the fall of 1873, with a ma- jority of thirty-one, and w.is re-elected in Febru- ary, 1875, by a majority of four hundred and eighty-four votes, when the Democratic majority of the city was over five liundred. His term of office expired in October of 1877, at which time he engaged in the real estate and insurance business, and served as Deputy Revenue Collector under Thomas C. Wiley, but resigned that position to en- gage in the wholesale and retail hat business under the firm name of .Stauffer ct Co. The business oc- cupies three floors of a building 22x103 feet in dimensions, located at Nos. 31 and 33 North Queen Street. Our subject was united in marriage November 9, 1869, with Miss Sarah D. Strickler, daughter of Cyrus and Catharine Strickler, residents of Colum- bia. By this union five children were born, all of whom are living and bear the names of Celeste B. , William R., James D., John W. and Jeanette C. Mr. Stauffer has been a member of the School Board for many 3'ears and was the youngest Pro- thonotarj' and Mayor ever elected in the city of Lancaster. He is an honored member of the Ma- sonic order, having attained to the Knight Tem- plar Cnmmandery. He is also a member of the Odd Fellows' society, and is prominent in the Grand Army of the Republic. He has served as Post Commander of Gen. George H. Thomas Post 436 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPfflCAL RECORD. No. 84, G. A. R., and is a member of Pennsylvania Comraandery Military Order of the Loyal Legion. In religious matters our subject is identified with the Presbyterian Cliurch. Politically he is a Re- publican. t5*^F J FREDERICK SENER is a very successful business man of Lancaster, and is undoubt- edly one of the most influential residents of the county. He is President of the North- ern National Bank and a member of the firm known as G. Sener & Sons, dealers in lumber and coal. Tlie family is a very honored and respected one in tliese paits, where they have been located for several generations. The great-grandfather of J. F. Sener, Gottlieb Sohner, came from Germany, setting sail for Philadelphia in the good ship "Fane" from Rot- terdam and landing October 17, 1749. On the 18th of September, 1750, he was married in Lan- caster by the Lutheran pastor, Handschuh, to Maria Barbara Klein, and there were born to them eight sons and daughters. P"or a livelihood he followed the carpenter's trade. His fifth child, Johannes, was born in Lancaster, Pa., October 7, 1765, and died .July 11, 1814. He married Cath- arine Rung, who was born Ma}' 20, 1770, and died November 21, 1851. She was the third child of Heinrich and Anna Maria (Nicholai) Rung. Her grandparents were Wilhelm Rung and wife, An- geuosa, on the one side, who came from Grimburg, Darmstadt to Lancaster about the year 1755; on the other side, Johann Dies Nicholai and wife, Elizabeth, who came from Eliburg, Nassau, about the same time. Nine children blessed the union of Johannes Sener and wife; John ( first-born, 1798), who married Ann Maria Fick; Godlieb (1800), the father of our subject; Jacob ( 1802), bachelor; Catharine (1804), married to Christopher Hager; Frederick (1806), bachelor; George (1807); Henry (1808); Sophia ( 1809), the last three dying in infancy, and Elizabeth or Eliza (1810), widow of Samuel Miller, who (1894) is the only survivor. The name was originally written Sohner and for convenience sake was changed to the present orthography. The father of our subject, Godlieb Sener, was born on North Prince Street, Lancaster, Pa., April 23, 1800. Until 1848 he followed the trade of edged tool making, having a shop on North Prince Street. Subsequentlj- he purchased a lumber busi- ness from his two brothers, Jacob and Frederick, who had established it in 1833 on the Conestoga Creek, and the following year located the yards on the present site. In 1855 he added a retail coal business and the firm then took its present title. One of his sous, William Z., who was for years President of the I^phrata Bank, is now a partner of our subject. Formerly he was largely interested in many enterprises, among which were the Hamil- ton Watch Company, of this city, and the Ephrata Water Works. In 1863 the father started a lum- ber, coal and slate yard at Ephrata which his sons carried on until April, 1894. Tiie death of God- lieb Sener occurred January 11,1877. He was a devout supporter of the Lutheran Church, being a member of Trinity congregation. He served as a member of both Common and Select Councils from the First Ward, being elected b}' the Republicans. His wife, Rebecca Zahm before her marriage, was born in this city. She is a daughter of Godfried Zahm, also a native of this city, who was engaged in brush manufacturing until his death, which oc- curred in his eighty-sixth year. The Zahm family came to this country at a very early day, locating in Bethlehem, Northampton County, whence the^- came to this neighborhood. Mrs. Sener's grandfath- er, Mathias Zahm, was born in Nazareth and died in this city in his eighty-sixth year. Seven children were born to our subject's parents: Henry M., who died in 1884, and Edward A., who responded to the emergency call during the late war and died in 1880, both of whom were members of the firm of G. Sener & Sons and Sener & Bros., Ephrata; Cecelia, Mrs. Goodell; Elizabeth, Mrs. Stormfeltz; J. Fred- erick; Mar3', Mrs. Rumple, of Brooklyn, N. Y., and William, a partner with our subject. Harry and Edward were both practical business men. The mother of these children, who is an adherent of PORTRAIT AND IJIOGKArillCAL RECORD. 437 the Lutheran faith, is still living, heinfj now in her eigiity-lifth year. The early years of .1. Frederick Sener were passed in this city, wliere he had good public and high school privileges. When fifteen years old, or in April, 1848, he went to work in the lumber yard and became thoroiiglily familiar with every department. On attaining liis majcirity his father took him into the (inn and he has since been con- nected therewith. C)f late jears the yards have been greatly enlarged and many improvements made. They cover one-fourth of a block on the corner of Prince and Walnut Streets, and the coal odice is at the same location. The firm deals in Schuylkill and Wilkes Bane anthracite coal, of which they make a specialty, and have a very ex- tensive trade. August 10, 1885, the Northern National Bank was organized and from its start Mr. Sener has been its President. The capital stock of this concern is ?! 125,000, and it is one of the most solid financial institutions of the state. Its N'ice-Presi- dent is J. L. Brubaker, and E.J. Ryder is the cash- ier. Fraternally, Mr. Sener is a charter member and Past Master of Lamberlon Lodge No. 476, F. (fe A. M., and also belongs to Chapter 43, R. A. M., and to the Knight Templar Comniandery, No. 13. He is a true and tried Republican, who is greatly interested in furthering the best interests of his parly. In religious faith he is a Lutheran, being a member of the Board of Trustees of Grace Cbuich. The first marriage of J. Frederick of this sketch was to Kate J., daughter of Peter Hamilton, both natives of tills county. The lady was a descend- ant of the original Andrew Hamilton, who laid out and owned much of this city. Mrs. .Sener died about four years and nine months after her mar- riage, leaving one child, Charles M., who lived to be nearly twelve years of age. In April, 1868, Mr. Sener married Elizabetii Keller, who was born and reared in Lancaster, and is a daughter of Joiin A. Keller (son of Adam Keller, one of the worthy early settlers), who followed the business of saddlery. Two children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Sener: Frank K., who is in business with his father, and Rosa A. The family residence is a beautiful place in the suburbs, the grounds covering five and one-fourth acres (on Lititz turn- pike) known as Ermosa Vista. lu tracing the ancestry of Mrs. Sener, who comes from a very old and honored family of Lancas- ter County, we find that her great-great-grand- father, .lohann Peter Keller, was a native of Ger- many, who came to America prior to 1760, settling in this county, where he died. Ilis wife, Anna Maria, likewise a native of the Fatherland, died in this city January 6, 1782. Their two children, Carl Andrew and Johann Adam, were born in Germany. The elder, whose birth occurred July 14, 1750, married Barbara Bigler, who was born August 9, 1755. The former died in 1805 and the latter in 1831 — both in Lancaster. They had ten children, the second of whom, Adam, was born September 28, 1776, and married F^lizabeth Schaef- fer, who was born in 1786, and of their union thirteen children were born. The second of the family was John Andrew Keller, the father of Mrs. Sener. He married Harriet Tressler and both passed their entire lives in this city. Theireleven children were as follows: Samuel, deceased; Ben- jamin, deceased, who married Miss Leibley; Will- iam A., who married JIary A. Smith, of Philadel- phia; Clara, deceased; John A., who married Anna Carrigan; lilizabeth, who is next in the order of birth; Kale, deceased; Harriet M.; Ella, wife of David Early; Emanuel, deceased, and Charles B., who married Harriet, daugliter of Lieut. D. H. Leche, of Baltimore. ■ I* m at ^l^Mfa HENRY MARTIN, engaged in business in Lancaster under the name of the Henry Martin Brick Machine Manufacturing Company, is the inventor of this economical ma- chine, which is used all over the world. Several have been recently sent to the West Indies and to Sagua la Chica, Cuba. Tlie3' are used at Bangkok, Siam; Dundee, New Zealand; Finland, Russia, and are doing a great work iu saving labor. Ilenry 438 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Martin is a very practical man and a genius in more ways tliau one. lie is also tiie inventor of llie rack and pellet system of drying brick. A native of England, our subject was born in Derbyshire, in 1832, and was reared and educated in Staffordshire. He is the son of George INIartin, born in Derbyshire, and a mechanic. The mother of our subject died when he was an infant, and from the age of thirteen years he has made his own way in the world. He had eight brothers and sis- ters, four of whom are living at the present time. Henry learned the trade of millwright and carpen- ter under liis father, after which he went to work in the largest brickyard in England, remaining thus employed until he was seventeen j-ears old- Here it was that he gained his first knowledge of brickmaking, brick yard supplies, clay grinding, tempering machines, etc., and how well he turned his knowledge to account will be learned later on. When a lad of seventeen years, our subject en- tered a builders' establishment in Birmingham, England, remaining there three years, during which time he mastered the carpenter's trade. Going to Liverpool at the end of that time he be- gan working in a more extensive establishment, and there laid the foundation for his success in life. Instead of idling away his evenings he took a course of instruction from teachers employed by the Young Men's Christian Association, among his studies being drawing and mathematics, in which he was deeply interested and made marvel- ous progress, becoming in a short time an expert at architectural and mechanical drawing. In 1858, in company with friends, young Martin left home and crossed the Atlantic for the New World. Eor a time he worked at his trade of car- penter in Boston, Mass., after which he went to Hartford, Conn., and was there married. On the outbreak of the Civil War his wife, Annie Wood, died, leaving a son, George H., who is now a member of the Henry Martin Company. He too is a practical maciiinist. On the death of his wife our subject entered the Springfield Armory, re- maining until the close of the war, and while there made the models for his first good brickmak- ing machine. Leaving Springfield, he went to New York and associated himself with others in the manufacture of the machines. Those inter- ested with him were engaged in the commission and lumber business, and lost all their possessions in the panic of 1873, owing our subject 123,000. He was thus left with but $10 in the world, but possessing pluck and courage, and through the aid of friends, he was enabled to continue in business. About this time Mr. Martin came to Lancaster and again engaged in the manufacturing business with only partial success. He was married in this city, and leaving his family here, traveled about introducing his machines throughout the country. He continued thus occupied until 1876, when the orders began to pour in and at last be made money. Mr. Martin then purch.ased property and opened up a brickyard, in the meantime his business in- creasing rapidly. He continued to invest in real es- tate, until to-day he is the largest tax payer in Lan- caster. The management of his business being too large for him to take care of, our subject organized the Henry Martin Brick Machine Company, with a capital stock of $150,000. The members of the firm are Mr. Martin and his sons; they are stirring busi- ness men and have grown up in the atmosphere of brickmaking machinery. William R. Martin is the capable business manager, and is thoroughly posted in all matters directl}' or indirectly con- nected with this industry. The brickmaking ma- chine is operated by steam power and has improve- ments that our subject has been adding for many years as experience has tested them. The firm al- so design and locate entire plants for the manu- facture of brick, test the clay and fit up the yards to manufacture any and all kinds of clay that can be worked successfully. Henry Martin was married a second time, the lady on this occasion being Miss Alice, daughter of James Prangley, a brickmaker of this city. She departed this life in 1892, leaving the following named children: AVilliam R., Herbert P., Alice H. and James P. Our subject has built seven large tobacco ware- houses, owns the warehouse on the corner of North Duke and West Chestnut Streets, and Mar- tin's Hall, and has erected a large plant 212x50 feet in size on Charlotte Street, which they will soon occupy, it being one of the largest and most com- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 439 plete plants in the state, besides thirty-two resi- dences. His own beautiful dwelling is located on West Chestnut Street. Mr. Martin is interested in the Ridley Park Brick Company, of which he is President, and owns a large farm in Wabaunsee County, Kan. In 1883 he returned on a visit to his native land, and while there came to the con- clusion that the United States was good enough for him to live in. Socially he is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Council and Lodge of Perfection. In politico he is a true blue Republi- can, and is greatly interested in the success of his party. >^^>^^^^^iiff^^*-^ PUOF. CARL MATZ, Principal of the Mul- berry School, and Professor of vocal music in the public schools of Lancaster, is also Professor of (ierinan in the Girls' High School. Being very musically inclined and a fine performer, he is much in demand as a teacher, and is leader of the Maenncrchor and is organist and director of the choir in Ihe-Trinitj- Lutheran Church. He is recognized as the leading German scholar of Lan- caster and is a composer in a musical way of no small note. A number of times he has given ben- efit concerts, and in three which were given for St. Josejih's Hospital >!l,700 was cleared. Since 1872 he has been conductor of the well known organiza- tion, the Maennerchor, of which he was previously for many years a member, and under his instruc- tion they have given the oratorio"St. Paul," "The Belle," the Eighty-fourth Psalm, and others of in- terest. Professor Matz was born in Brussow, Branden- burg, Germanj', November 20, 1846, his father be- ing Carl Matz, a native of Grynhoff Pomeria. The paternal grandfather, Otto, was born in the same locality and was a master glass blower. Carl Matz, Sr., who followed the merchant tailoring business, is now residing in Dartmouth, Westphalia, with a daughter. He is eighty-two years old and is still active in the Lutheran Church. His wife, who <1ied in 1891, aged sixty-eight years, was Louisa, daugh- ter of Heinrich Porath, a butcher and hotel keeper in Brussow. The Professor is one in a family of fourteen children, only three of whom grew to maturity. He received a superior education, and in 1863 entered Real Seminary at Koepnic, to pur- sue a musical course of study, and was graduated therefrom in 1866 as an organist and conductor. He received a diploma as a teacher and obtained the highest honors of his class. He was especially gifted as an organist, playing the grand pipe or- gan with ease and ability. Later he took another course of instruction and obtained degrees at the Royal Music School of Berlin, where he passed severe examinations. For about two years he played the fine organ in Mejzo, Brandenburg. In 1868 Professor JIatz had intended to go to Valparaiso, South America, there to take a position in a school of music, and he also had another pf)- sition opened as a teacher of the German embassa- dor's children in Constantinople, but refused these, coming instead to the United States. He left Bre- men in the steamship "Herman" and arrived in New York Cit3- after a ten days' voj'age. For four weeks he remained in the metropolis and re- ceived a number of good offers, but came to Lan- caster, where he accepted a position as Principal of Zion's Lutheran Parochial School, and was or- ganist in the church until 1873, when he resigned. Next the Professor was given the position of Principal of German in the public schools^of this citj-. F'or some time he was organist in St. John's Lutheran Church, then occupied a like position in St. James' Episcopal Church, and since 1890 has been leader and organist of the choir in Trinity Church. From 1873 to 1887, he was Principal of German in the public schools when the sj'stem was changed, being divided into grades. Our subject has continued for years Principal of the Mulberry School, which is a twelve-room building with six hundred and forty pupils and thirteen teachers, and he teaches German in the grammar and secoiidarj' departments. Since 1887 he has been Professor of vocal music in iiis own and the high schools, and also gives instruction to private pupils. In 1868 Professor Matz was married in Germany 440 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. to Miss Maria Fielin, a native of the Fatherland, and they have had two children, Adelle and Ella, both graduates of the high school. The former studied for two years at the Royal Academy of Music at Berlin, from which she was graduated with honor, and is an artist of great ability. In social circles Professor Matz is gladly wel- comed and contributes greatly to the entertainment of his friends. He is an Odd Fellow and a mem- ber of the Artisans' Lodge. He has composed sev- eral popular pieces of music, and has arranged and written music for Professor McCaskey in his series of nine books of song published by the Franklin Square Library. In politics he uses his influence and ballot in favor of the Democracy. -}^^- Mfp ^^m' ^ FREDERICK B. DAGEN, a resident of Pequea Township, has made a success of his agricultural pursuits, and has also made a success of running a steam thresher, hav- ing each fall all the work in this line he can at- tend to. Enterprising and progressive in his ideas, "he is not confined to the old-fashioned methods, but is in touch with new discoveries and well accredited modern plans of work. The Dagen family was founded in tliis country in 1816 by the grandfather of our subject, who bore the Christian name of Casper. He was a na- tive of Germany, and participated in some of the wars of the Fatherland. He learned the shoem.a- ker's trade, which he followed to some extent dur- ing a large share of his life. In religion he adhered to the German Reformed faith, and en- deavored to put in practice in his daily life the teachings of that denomination. His wife bore the maiden name of Maria Shively, and four children comprised their family, Jacob, Maria, Lizzie and Frederick. The younger son of Casper Dagen was Freder- ick, who became the father of our subject. He was born in German Switzerland, October 26, 1812, and was only four years of age when brought by his parents to America. He was reared to man- hood in Pennsylvania, and learned the trade of a stone mason, which he followed for many years. Afterward he turned his attention to farming, and made a success of this vocation, which he followed up to the time of his death, April 26, 1891. In boyhood he united with the German Reformed Church, with which he was identified during his entire life. His right of franchise he used in favor of the Republican party, and in everything per- taining to the public welfare was a patriotic and a good citizen. He and his wife, whose maiden name was Anna Otto, had nine children, namely: Anna M.; Barbara, who became the wife of Ben- jamin Radcliff; Frederick B., Elizabeth, Jacob (de- ceased), Benjamin, Edward (deceased), Abrara and Jacob (second). A native of West Willow Township, Frederick B., of this sketch, was born on his father's farm, November 22, 1851. His early education was ob- tained in the common schools of the township, but he has never ceased being a student, and has kept abre.ist of the times by means of private study and general reading. When sixteen years of age he left his school books to learn the spinning trade, which he followed for five years. As that branch of business was not congenial to him, he relinquished the trade, and from that time for- ward has devoted his energies to farming. In this vocation he has met with distinct success and has become well-to-do. Becoming the owner of a steam threshing machine, he has made a goodly sum in its operation, and carries this on in connec- tion with his regular farm duties. Politically, like his father, he is a Republican. At two differ- ent times he has been elected by his friends and neighbors to serve as Township Supervisor, and discharged the duties of the position in an able and capable manner. October 4, 1877, occurred the marriage of Mr. Dagen and Miss Elvina S. Frick, who was born and reared in West Lampeter Township. This marriage has been blessed by the birth of three daughters and one son, namely: Emma, Charles, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 441 Annie and Amanda. The parents are regular at- tendants and members of the ticrman Reformed Church. In religious and benevolent enterprises* they are always interested, doing what they can to relieve the needy and worthv poor, and thus ex- emplify the precepts of Christianity. TRl'MAN I). SHHRTZP:R. who is an exten- sive dealer in leaf t^tbacco and is engaged in the manufacture of cigars, is a member of the firm of Sliertzer ife Co., who conduct their trade at No. 210 North Duke Street, Lancaster. Mr. Shertzcr is one of the enterprising and prac- tical young business men of this city, possessed of good executive ability, and is making a success of his enterprisss. October 31, 1858, at Washington, Lancaster Count_v, occurred the birtli of Truman Sliertzer, who is a son of Cyrus and Ellen (Douglas) Shert- zer. The family is a pioneer one in these parts and for sevei-.il generations they have been farmers in Manor Township. There David Sherlzer, the grandfather, was iKirn, and during his lifetime pur- sued agriculture and also carried on a distillery in Washington, where he owned a good farm. lie was a member of the Church of God, in the faith of which he died in 1871, when be had attained the .age of eighty-two years. A good citizen, he was active in the sup])ort of the Democr.icy. By his marriage with Mary Dunkle he had sixteen children, the two eldest d3'ing in infancy, and the others in order of birth are as follows: .Jacob, Fan- nie, Samuel, John, Mary, Ann, David, Susan, Eliza- beth, Cyrus, Catherine, Eli, Benjamin and Milton. Catherine was the twin sister of our subject's fa- ther, Cyrus. Mrs. Marj- .Shertzer died in 1873, at the age of seventy-nine years. Cyrus Shertzer attended the schools of Wash- ington until .about eighteen 3'cars old, giving much of his time to his father in the management of the farm, and he continued to reside under the parental roof until his marriage. For about thirty years he was a pilot and engaged in rafting on the Susquehanna River. Later in life he engaged in farming in Conoy Township, of this county, where he became the owner of Ilaldeman Island, and for eleven years he was engaged in agricultural pur- suits, at the end of which time he disposed of his farm and came to Lancaster, where he has been as- sisting his son in business. For six years he was a School Director of Washington and is a Repub- lican. Both he and his wife are members of the Church of God. Their marriage w.as celebrated January 15, 1858, and they have had two children, Truman D., and Cora IL, wife of William J. Sny- der, of Lancaster. Mrs. Shertzer is a daughter of James Douglas, formerly of Washington. In his vouth our subject attended the schools of his native towu and later went to Millersville Normal School. In order to furtlier equip him- self for business life he entered Kastman's Com- mercial College, being graduated therefrom in the Class of '84. F"or several years thereafter he as- sisted his father in running his farm, but in 1891 embarked in the tobacco business at No. 31 East Chestnut Street. In April, 1894, he removed to his present location and has built up a large trade in tobacco and cigars. One of the workers in the ranks of the Repub- lican party. Mr. Shertzer is a member of the Young Men's Club of this city and belongs to Orion Lodge, 1. O. O. F., at Columbia. In religious faith he has ado|)ted that of his father, being a' member of the Church of God. T7> LIAS B. ESBENSHADE is engaged in gen- r^ (^ eral farming and stock-raising on his de- sirable farm, which is situated in Slras- burg Township. The family have been residents of this count}' for several generations, and have been noted for their sterling qualities and high princii)les. The paternal grandfather of our sub- ject, Dane L. Esbenshade, whose birth occurred in 442 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Germany, emigrated to the United States, set- tling in this county in 1736. He was a tanner by occupation, following that trade for some sixty years, after which he retired to pass in quiet his declining years. Religiousl}', he was a member of the Old Mennonile Church, and came with a colony of that denomination to found homes in the new land of liberty. He married Elizabeth Lefever, and to them were born fourteen children. The father of our subject, who bore the Christian name of Samuel, was born in Leacock Township, of this county, August 1.5, 1806, and after ar- riving at maturity, engaged in farming in Paradise Township, where the remainder of his life was passed. The farm which he operated was in his possession and managed by him for a period ex- tending over sixty-two 3ears. He was a very suc- cessful agriculturist, always kept good stock, and became well-to-do. He retired from his arduous cares in 1873, and his death occurred 1894. He was a Republican after the formation of that party, prior to which he was a Whig. He never held any ofiice, however,- finding his time fully occupied in caring for his farm and in providing for the wants of his large family. A man of integrity and justice, he adhered closely to his religious convic- tions as a member of the Old Meniionite Cliurch, and his character and dealings with his fellows were above reproach. He married p]lizabeth IIow- ery, and seven sons and three daughters were born to them, their names being as follows: John H., Annie, Amos; Elizabeth, who became the wife of David Ronk; Sophia; Daniel, deceased; Samuel F., deceased; Elias, Abram H., and Isaac, who has passed from this life. Elias B. Esbenshade was born in Paradise Town- ship, on his father's old homestead, October 8, 1846. He attended the schools of the township, during the winter terms until seventeen years of age, and during the summers gave his service to his father m the care of his property. After leav- ing school, he continued to be employed on the home farm until he was twenty-six years old. He had been reared to practice the qualities of thrift and industry, and, having regularly laid aside a large share of his earnings, he now found himself able to become a laud-holder on his own account. and purchased the farm which has since been his propertj', and on which he is still living. This is , well located in Strasburg Township, and under his toil and attention has been made a model place in every respect. The owner has taken great pride in keeping a high grade of stock and in making improvements on his farm. (Jctober 30, 1872, Mr. Elsbenshade married Fran- ces Hoover, who was born and reared in this county. Nine cliildren have come to bless their union, their names being as follows: Willis C, Enos A., Lizzie V., Milton H., Anna F., Alice E., Laura C, John M. and Ada K.; Laura C. has been summoned by the death angel, but the other mem- bers of the family circle are still under the parental roof. In his political belief, Mr. Esbenshade is an ar- dent Republican and is very patriotic, holding his own interests secondary to that of his country. For two terms he served as Auditor of his town- ship, meeting the requirements of the position in a very creditable manner. Like his forefathers, he is an adherent of the Old Mennonite Church (^ (^ -^") ^ JOSEPH HOSTETTER comes from a line of sturdy and industrious farmers who have witnessed the upbuilding and development of Strasburg Township, and has not been in- active in the accomplishment of this result. The farm which is now owned by our subject has been handed down from father to son for several gen- erations and his birth occurred on the old home- stead which has since been the scene of his life's labors. Abram Hostetter, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was born in Manor Township, of this county, and during his entire life was a tiller of the soil. He was long numbei-ed among the well- to-do farmers of Strasburg Township and was a member of the Old Mennonite Church. By his H. M. ENGLE. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDt 445 union with Elizabeth Buckwalter five children were born: Barbara, who became tlie wife of Abrani Ilerr; David; Elizalietii, Mrs. Hoover; Su- san, who is deceased; and Martha. The birth of David Hostetter, our subject's fa- ther, occurred in this townsliip April 12. 1808. His earl^v years were passed on his father's old farm, which was subsequently deeded to him as the only sou. He made a success of carrying on his farm and to his original property, comprising one hundred and eighty-five acres, he afterwards added another farm of forty-two acres. He was politically a Whig but never held office, finding his time fully occupied in the management of his ])rivate enterprises and the care of his large family. He was twice married, his first wife being Esther Bossier, who became the mother of one child, a daughter, Hettie, Mrs. Sensenich. The second wife of Mr. Hostetter was formerly Cathar- ine -Miller, and ten children graced their union: Abram, Jacob, David M., two who died in infanc\', Joseph, Elizabeth (Mrs. 8haub), Catherine, John (deceased), and Amos. The father, who was a member of the Old Mennonite Church, died in 1872, aged sixty-four years. The birth of Joseph Hostetter, our subject, occur- red in Strasburg Township, on the 20tli of March, 1839. From his early j'ears industrj- and thrift were among his marked characteristics and his worthy father gave him the benefit of good training in all practical methods pertaining to farm work. For nearly fourteen years during the school terms, he was a student iu the township and has always been a great reader, thus becoming well informed on general affairs and current events. At the age of twenty years he became activel\- engaged in ag- ricultural pursuits on the old homestead which has been his home up to the present day. This farm is well improved and under a good state of cultiva- tion. Abundant harvests are annually gathered and bring in to the fortunate owner a good and steady income. Mr. Hostetter has always taken great pride in keeping his farm in a thrifty and neat condition and on his place there may at all times be found a fine grade of stock. Preferring the independence of a single man he has never married. In politics he espouses the platform of the Republican party and 19 helps by his ballot in the election of its nominees. For three terms he served efficiently as Assistant Assessor of- Strasburg Township and for three terms hms acted in the capacity of School Director. ^. ,++++!_ 1++++*^^ HENRY M. ENGLE is a man who stands high iu agricultural circles and holds ad- vanced ideas on progressive and experi- mental farming. In many respects he is a model agriculturist. He believes in intensive rather than extensive farming, and his experiments in fruit growing and gardening have been lemarkably suc- cessful. An induentinl citizen of Marietta, he is well known throughout this county, where he has made his life long home, and is also prominent in agricultural and horlieulluial circles throughout the state. Born in Conoy Township, tiiis count3-, April 11, 1819, our subject is the son of Henry and Hannah (Myei-s) Engle. He is of Swiss descent, his paternal great-grandfather, Ulricli Englc. having emigrated from Switzerland to the United States. Jacob, grandfather of our subject, of the River Brethren Church, of which he remained a member until death, was one of the founders and the first minis- ter of that body. Henry Englc, Sr., was a fuller in the woolen mills of Baiiil)ridge, and also followed farm pursuits, residing on Conoy Creek one mile from Bainbridge. His family consisted of twelve children, as follows: Jacob, who died young; Henry M., Mary, John, Jacob, Martha, Daniel, Michael, twins who died unnamed, Annie and Jesse. The father died at the age of sixty-seven, and the mo- ther when thirty-eight. After completing the studies of the district schools, our subject began farm work, remaining with his father until his marriage. He then pur- chased one hundred and twenty acres, his present property, where he engaged in general farming, market gardening, fruit raising and the nursery business. Finally he sold a portion of the place, 446 POKTEAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. and about 1864 commenced the improvement of his present property. He then sold his live stock and farming implements, and now devotes his es- pecial attention to the nurser_y business, fruit rais- ing and floriculture. The land is in the highest state of cultivation and every acre is made to pro- duce the best possible results. In politics Mr. Engle was first a Whig, but after the disintegration of that party became identified with the Republicans. He now gives his support to the Prohibition party, in the welfare and suc- cess of which he is deeply interested. For a time he served as School Director. In the sessions of 1871-72 he represented his district in the State Legislature. For man}' years he held membership in the Good Templars and Patrons of Husbandry at Marietta, being prominently connected with these organizations until they disbanded. In re- ligious belief he is connected with the River Brethren Church. The first marriage of Mr. Engle, December 19, 1839, united him with Elizabeth Breneiuan, and they became the parents of eight children, namely: Enos, Mary, Uriah, Anna, two that died in in- fancy, Anna and Ezra. By his second wife, Liz- zie Musser, one child was born, Horace, now a res- ident of Virginia. The present wife of Mr. Engle, whom he married in 1875, was formerly Miss Fan- nie Nissley. Their nine children were Lizzie, who died in childhood; Ella,Harvey,Abbie and Henry, all of whom died of diphtheria; Jennie, Samuel, Elmer and Emma. Associated with Levi S. Reist, Hiram Engle and Alexander Harris, our subject organized the Lan- caster Horticultural Society, afterward merged in- to the Agricultural and Horticultural Society. Of this he has served as President for a longer period than any other man. He is a member of the Amer- ican Pomological Society, which meets biennially at various places throughout the country. In the organization of the State Board of Agriculture he was a prominent factor, and was the first delegate sent by the Lancaster County Society to the State Board. In the welfare of these various associa- tions he lias taken a warm and active interest, and has contributed not a little to their success. To the promotion of the local and state agricultural interests, he has been a large contributor, and is in- fluential in agricultural interests and enterprises. Among his fellow-citizens Mr. Engle has exerted considerable influence, and is justly regarded as one of the representative men of Marietta. As an instance of his influence, he recalls a visit paid him by Tobias Martin, who, inspecting the farm and sampling some choice varieties of fruit, was so charmed with the business that he at once embarked in it for himself. He was very successful, accumu- lated wealth, and now lives in Kansas in the enjoy- ment of an ample fortune. He was one of the chief promoters of the Children's Home at Hills- boro, and has largely' aided other humane institu- tions in the west, being a man of influence and widely extended poi)ularitv. This is but one instance of the influence exerted by Mr. Engle among those with whom business or social relations have brought him in contact. He enjoys the esteem of all who know him, and is re- garded as a business man of superior ability and success. eHARLES H. LOCHER is a leading busi- ness man and prominent banker of Lan- caster, being a member of the firm of D. P. Locher & Sons, a well known banking institution in this county. In all the local enterprises he takes great interest and has promoted in a most substantial way many industries which have be- come very successful largely through his instru- mentality. The grandfather of Charles H., whose Christian name was Jacob, was a tanner and currier in Mary- land, in addition to which he owned a large farm on the Hagerstown pike, one hundred and twelve acres of which is still in the possession of the fam- ily. The great-grandfather of the latter was a na tive of Switzerland, who early became a resident of Virginia and the direct descendants removed to Maryland. Grandfather Jacob Locher participated PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 447 in the War of 1812, enlisting from Manland. At an early day lie came to Lancaster County and finality engaged in the leather trade in Harrisburg, where lie died at the age of sixty-seven j-care. Mis wife came from the respected and old Maryland family who bore the patronymic of Grove, and her father was an extensive farmer in that state. She departed this life in 1871, aged seventy-three years. David P., tbe father of Charles H., was born on the beautiful Potomac River, in JLnyland, and with Lis fatlier learned the business of carrying on a tannery. On coming to this city he built a tan- nery on South Prince Street which he operated for two 3-ears and then erected a larger structure on Water Street, which he carried on during the war and until 1868. In 1876 he bought a tanyard on South Prince Street, extending the business and enlarging the plant until the income derived there- from was very considerable. This business he op- erated until liis death, which occurred February 11, 1884, at the age of flft3^-seven years, and since that time his sons have carried on the business. Ill addition to the tanneiy Mr. Locher owned a good farm in Manheim Township, a tract of some one hundred and twenty acres, well improved with good fences and buildings. This property is still in the family. In the year 1870 he started the bank in partnership with his son Charles II., and in 1872 built the fine building occupied l)y the same. In addition lo his various otiier business ventures he raised fine stock extensively, taking great interest in his herd of blooded .lersey cattle. In this city he had a fine stable well equipped with good horses, and was the onl}- man in this lo- cality to drive a four-in-hand, his horses being of the Ilambletonian breed. In November, 1848, David P. Locher married Clementine M., daughter of Robert Evans, both natives of Lancaster, and in this city Mr. Evans engaged in merchandising for manj- \ears, in f.ict until his death, which occurred in the prime of life. Mrs. Locher sur- vives her husband, living at her pleasant residence on East King Street. Religiously' she is a devoted member of the Presbjterian Church of this city. Charles II., of this sketch, is one of four chil- dren, all sons, his brother Robert being engaged in the tannery business in this city in company with liie youngest of the family, Clement E. The other brother. Grove, is a manufacturer in Philadelphia. All the i)rothers except Charles H. are engaged in running the two tanyards in the cit}' of Lancaster. Charles II. is a native of Pottsville, and was born October 21, 1849, and was reared in this city. His parents returned to Lancaster in 1850. After ac- quiring a primary education he entered the high school ami .icademy, after which he became a clerk with the banking firm of Evans, McEvoy & Co. This occurred when he was sixteen years of age, and w!»s only an interruption to his studies, to which he later returned. In 1870 he went into partnership with his father, becoming the successors of Evans, McEvoy & Co., in their banking busi- ness. This partnership existed until the death of the fatlier,and in 1872 the concern was moved into the new bank building, four stories in height, which was built expressly for the business. After the death of the senior Mr. Locher, Charles II. and his brother Robert became administrators of the estate and since that time they have owned all the stock, the name of the firm continuing as before. The brothers also operate the Conestoga Oak Tan- nery and the Park Run Tannery, which turns out only harness leather. This is a fine plant and has been greatly improved of late years, but the first tan bfttli built is still in its boundary. Mr. Locher is one of the incorporators of the City P^lectric Light and Power Company and Secretary of the same, and occupies a similar position in the Lan- caster Hotel Company, being the largest interested party. In 1872, at New Brighton, our sul)ject married Miss Lila S. Reno, who was born in Beaver Coun- ty, Pa., and reared to womanhood in Pittsburg. Her father, Eli Reno, owned a farm and was also engaged in steamboatiug. Mr. and Mrs. Locher are the parents of five children: David, who is a clerk in the bank with which the father is connected; Mira, James, Lila and Robert. The famil3' occupy a fine residence on South Queen Street. In 1887 Mr. Locher laid out an addition to Har- risburg. a tract of thirteen acres which is now built up, having been sold at a good figure. In June, 1894, he bought the Lancaster & Quarry- 448 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ville Railroad at a public sale for $300,000, paying cash. In September, 1894, he reorganized the road, was elected President and in connection with a board of directors operates the line. It is a standard gauge road, and has connection with the Pennsylvania and Reading hnes. In his politics Mr. Locher is a stanch Republican and is a man of great public spirit, whose influence is only re- quired in order to make various undertakings both of a public and business character become a grand success. -^^^ i — >>> <» t p ^i WILL W. CLEAVER is proprietor of the largest men's furnishing establishment in the city of Columbia. He is the son of David C. and Elizabeth L. (Fenner) Cleaver, and was born July 22, 1871, in Philadelphia. The first representative of the family in America came from Germany, and located in New Hampshire, whence he afterward came to this state and made settlement in Columbia County. John Cleaver, the grandfather of our subject, acquired a good education and became a successful teacher. He was a member of the Methodist Epis- copal Church, which he often served in the capac- ity of preacher in his neighborhood. John Clea- ver reared six children, namely: Richard, Sarah, Tassie (deceased), Jessie, George and David C. He lived to the advanced age of ninety years, passing away in 1867 or 1868. His wife was in her sev- enty-ninth year when called hence. The father of our subject was likewise given a good common-school education, and his father dying soon after the removal of the family to the Quaker City, young David was obliged to earn his own living, and began clerking in a wall paper establishment. lie followed this business for a period of thirty years, when he abandoned it and began building and dealing in real estate. He fol- lowed this branch of business from 18G4 to 1873, and during that time had built over seven hun- dred bouses, which he disposed of as soon as com- pleted. In his real-estate trade, however, he con. tinned until 1888, the year in which he retired from business, and made his home in a beautiful residence on the corner of Mineteenth and Spring Garden Streets, Philadelphia. He owns much val- uable property in Philadelphia, nnd is considered one of the moneyed men of the cit}'. In politics he votes with the Republican party, which he served in the City Council for a period of fifteen years. He is a very po|)ular man in his community, and prominentlj- identified with the Methodist Episco- pal Church. The parental family included five children: Clarence, Edwin and Horace, deceased; Will, of this sketch, and Bessie. The mother died Septem- ber 12, 1892, when in the fifty-first year of her age. Will, of this sketch, completed his studies in the public schools of Philadelphia in 1887, after which he took a course in the business college of that cit}'. When ready to start out in life on his own ac- count, our subject began working in the freight department of the Pennsylvania Railroad, remain- ing in this capacity for two years. In 1890 we find him located in Columbia, and shortly after com- ing here he formed a partnership with C. C. Root. These gentlemen purchased the business of M. P. Root, and conducted a good business as hatters and men's furnishers until 1892, when Mr. Cleaver purchased bis partner's interest in the store, and continued alone for a year at the old stand. April 450 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 15, 1893, he purchased the property which he now occupies, and after remodeling it, moved his stock of goods, and now has the largest and one of the finest establishments in the cit\'. He does an im- mense business, and gives constant employment to five clerks. In his political relations our subject follows in the footsteps of his honored father, and is a Re- publican. Socially he is prominently identified with the Masonic order, and is connected with the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is very public- spirited, and is interested in many of the impor- tant enterprises of the city. He was married on the 23d of January, 1894, to Miss Sarah, daughter of Henry Mullen, formerly Postmaster of Colum- bia, but now a resident of Philadelphia. BRUNO ASTRICH is the senior member of the firm of Astrich Bros., proprietors of the Ladies' Palace of Fashion, in Lancas- ter, which beautiful store is one of the most popu- lar business emporiums in Lancaster. The broth- ers are successful merchants, and spare no effort to please their customers. The subject of this narra- tive is a truly self-made man, having worked his way up by the exercise of his own natural talents and perseverance. He commenced his career as a cash boy, was gradually promoted to clerk and su- perintendent, and finally embarked in business for himself, in which venture he has met with great success. Bruno Astrich is a native of Germany, having been born in Plesclien, Posen, Prussia, December 27, 1853, in which province his parents, Abraham and Henrietta (Ettinger) Astrich, were also born. The former was a merchant of good ability, and both he and his wife are now deceased. They were the parents of four children, of whom Bruno is the eldest, and Louis, his partner, next in order of birth; Herman is a merchant in Harrisburg, Pa., and Lena, wife of Dr. Michaelsohn, is still a resi- dent of Posen. Our subject attended the excellent schools of his native land until 18G8, being also a student in the gymnasium in Posen. When about fifteen years of age our subject left his native land, being the first of the farail3- to come to the United States. His journey was made by way of Bremen and New York City, and after arriving in that metropolis, he became a cash boy in his uncle's store on the Bowery. This firm was the well known one of A. & R. Ettinger. dealers in fancy goods. With him Bruno Astrich remained until 1870, when another maternal uncle opened a dr^'-goods store on Washington Street, Hoboken, N. J., and with him he was employed as a clerk, finally being made Superintendent of the whole concern, in which capacity he acted until 1880. His brother Louis, who emigrated to the United States in 1871, was Assistant Superintendent with our subject, and in 1880 they decided to go into partnership. Coming to Lancaster in the spring of that year, they opened a store at No. 13 East King Street, doing a general dry-goods and mer- chandise business, and there remained for nine years. At that time they removed to their present location at Nos. 115 and 117 North Queen Street, which building was erected for them. This is one of the best blocks in the city, being 32x245 feet in dimensions, and the three floors of this and the basement are occupied by the various departments of Astrich Bros.' extensive store. The basement is used for machinery, heating apparatus, etc., the first floor for the miscellaneous departments of their retail business; the second floor for the suits and coats, and the third for storage and ware-rooms. Every modern improvement to be found in the stores of the great cities may here be also found, such as elevators, electric lights, steam heat, electric cable cash system, etc. On the first floor tliere are eight incandescent arc lights run b^' an electric motor. Millinery, notions and everything usually found in a first class depart- ment store is here kept in great variety'. In May, 1893, the partners started a branch store on Locust Street, which is superintended by Isaac Strauss. Bruno Astrich was married in 1885 in this city, to Miss Amelia Strauss, a daughter of Joseph Strauss; she was born and reared to womanhood PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 451 in [.ancaster. Two daugliters liave been born to Mr. and Mrs. Aslricli, who are called resiiectively P^telle and Gertrude. The pleasant home of the family is situated at No. 70.5 North Duke .'^lreet. Socially our subject is a member of the Royal Ar- canum, is ex-President and Monitor of the Sons of the Covenant Independent Order of Bnai Hrilh. For live years he has been President of the Con- gregation Gates of Heaven. He was one of the organizers and is now Secretary of Harmony Club, one of the finest social organizations in the city. <:T^ dam DKLLET is one of the native sons of / — \ Lancaster, coming from an old and honored family, which has been identified with the city's welfare from a very early day. In a num- ber of otlicial capacities he has served acceptably and well, and in December, 1889. was appointed by Governor IJeaver to act as Alderman from the Ninth Ward, to fill the vacancy caused by the res- ignation of George W. Piiikerton. In the follow- ing spring he was regularly elected Alderman to serve for a term of five years, and has his head- quarters at No. 418 North (.^ueen Street. 'Squire Dellet was born Maj- 24, 1841, being a son of Adam and Susan (Iluber) Dellet, both na- tives of Lancaster. The paternal gnindfalher, a native of France, came to this city at an earl}- period, and followed his profession of an architect until his death. The maternal grandfather, Peter Huber, who was born iu Lancaster, was of German descent. In order to make a livelihood he fol- lowed the occupation of a butcher, and lived to attain a good old age. Adam Dellet, Sr., was a prominent railroad contractor and did considerable construction work on the State and Pennsylvania Railroads. He was foreman of a construction de- partment and made a success of his underUik- ing. He continued engaged in contract work until his death, which resulted from cholera, which was then epidemic. At the time of his death, in September, 1855, he was fulfilling a large contract in Pittsburg. Politically he was a Dem- ocrat, and later became identified with the Know- Nothing party. At one time he served as High Constable, but for the most part his time was so fully occupied with his business interests that he declined to accept public oflice. His wife died when about eighty-seven years of age, and of her thirteen children,elcven are still living: Adam, Jr., being the ninth in order of birth. The education of our subject was obtained in the public and high schools of Lancaster, and on completing his studies he worked for a time in a daguerreotype gallery; he then served an ap- prenticeship to the printer's trade with the gentle- man who was known as "Jolly Jack" Heistand.M. C. After becoming familiar with the trade, young Dellet was placed in charge of the job department of the Examiner oflice, and with an intermission of about a year, when he was in the war, contin- ued as a printer in the same office until 1888, when he retired. In 1862 he volunteered as a member of Company E, One Hundred and Seventy-eighth Pennsylvania Infantry, and was mustered in as Sergeant at Harrisburg for nine months' service. Going with his regiment to the south, he was sta- tioned mainly on guard duty at Yorktown and Williamsburg. In August, 1863, he was mustered out of the army of Harrisburg. and at once re- turned to Lancaster. In 1862 Mr. Dellet married j;iizabeth Knight, who was born in England, but was only five years old when her father, Thomas Knight, brought her to America. The latter, now deceased, was a gardener by trade. Mr. and Mrs. Dellet became the ))areiits of seven children: Annie O., Mrs. AVilliam Aldrich, of Lancaster; Samuel G., a printer in the office of the Examiner; Jennie J., Mrs. J. Frank Sweeton; Minnie M., Mrs. H. G. Pinkerton; John O. L., now emplo^-ed with the Pennsylvania Iron Works; Emma B. and Joshua L. Governor Geary appointed Mr. Dellet to serve as Bank Assessor for Lancaster Count}' in 1877, and that year he made the regular assessments and reports in a most creditable manner, winning high commendation. A Republican of tue stanchest kind, he has been a member of the County Com- mittee and the Lancaster City Executive Commit- 452 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. tee, frequent!}' being sent as a delegate to conven- tions of the party. Socially he is identified witli Admiral Reynolds Post 405, G. A. R., of which he has been a member for many years. HENRY B. ESBENSHADE. The substan- tial and well-to-do citizens of Binkley's Bridge have no better representative than our subject, who stands among the keen, progress- ive, business-like farmers and stock-raisers who are so ably conducting the agricultural interests of this part of the county. He is the son of Jacob and Maria (Binkley) Esbenshade, and was born in Manheim Township, Lancaster County, November 8, 1844. The ancestors of our subject were of German extraction. Peter Esbenshade, the grandfather, emigrated from the Fatherland when a young man, and spent the rest of his life in this count}', dying in 1845. He was a shoemaker by trade, but in later life engaged in agricultural pursuits, in which occupation he was very successful, amassing over two hundred acres of excellent farming land, divided into three farms. A Whig in politics, he took a lively interest in the welfare of his commu- nity. He married Mrs. Elizabeth (Howry) Le- fever, and to them were born four sons, Henry, Jacob and David (deceased), and Joseph, a retired farmer living in this count}'. The father of our subject started out in life a poor man, and for the first five years after leaving home, lived on one of his father's farms. In 1830 he purchased property in this township, to which he added from time to time as his means would allow, until at his decease he was the possessor of eight valuable farms in different parts of the coun- ty, aggregating over seven hundred acres. He was one of the wealthiest men in Lancaster Coun- ty, being worth ^260,000, besides §30,000 which he had already divided among his children. He was a stanch Republican in politics, and was a man greatly honored and respected in his community. Often he was called upon to act as administrator in the settlement of valuable estates, among them being that of Daniel Brubaker, one of the substan- tial residents of this county. The parents of our subject were married Janu- ary 5, 1832. Mrs. Esbenshade was the daughter of David Binkley, brother of the builder of the bridge which now bears the family name, and which was tiie first to span the Conestoga River. Their union resulted in the birth of thirteen chil- dren: Elizabeth, Christian B., Barbara, Susan, Ja- cob, Maria, Henry, David, Amanda, Isaac, Peter, Anna and John. . The subject of this sketch was the recipient of a good education gained iu the public schools, and has followed farm pursuits all iiis life. Having surmounted all difficulties witli the energy charac- teristic of him, he is now one of the wealthy and large landowners of Lancaster County, having in his possession three hundred and forty broad and well cultivated acres. He is a member of the Reformed Church, and his political sympathies are with the Republican party. December 20, 1866, Mr. Esbenshade married Miss Adeline, daughter of Jacob Weidler, a pros- perous farmer of this township. To them were granted five children, namely: Ada, wife of Abram Kreider, residing in East Lampeter Township; Minnie; Noah, decea>ed; Harvey and Henry. Mr. Esbenshade is at all times and in all ways inter- ested in worthy causes, and never fails to give his influence for the good of the community of which he forms a leading member. A popular man, es- teemed for his integrity and nobleness of pur- pose, he ranks high among the citizens of the county. (^ HRISTIAN B. ESBENSHADE is a repre- sentative of an old family of this county, and is numbered among its wealthy farm- ers and stock-raisers. In Manheim Township, of which he is one of the leading citizens, his name is held in honor and respect. He is the son of Jacob and Maria (Binkley) Esbenshade, and was born on PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPinCAL RECORD. 455 the old homestead in the above township, Februar}' 28, 1834. Peter Esbeiisiiado, the grandfather of our sub- ject, was boru iu IIesse-l)ainist;idt, Germany, Au- gust 17, 1763, and emigrating to the United States, settled in Lancaster County-, Pa., where he died July 20, 1845. lie was a shoemaker b}' trade, which occupation lie followed for some time after coining hitlier, but the later years of his life were devoted to agricultural. In this vocation he was very successful, and at the time of his decease left three good farms, aggregating over two hundred .acres of well cultivated land. In political matters he was a Whig. Soon after coming to AmcricJihe married Mrs. Elizabeth (Howry) Lefever, a widow with three sons, Daniel, George and .John, who are now deceased. Their union resulted in the birth of four sons, Henry, Jacob and David, all of whom are deceased, and Joseph, a retired f.irmer living in Lancaster County. Jacob Esbenshade, the father of our subject, was born on the old home farm in Paradise Township, January 18, 1805, and after receiving a good edu- cation remained at home until re.iching his twenty- fifth year, when he commenced farming on one of his father's estates. About 1830 he purchased the property in Manlieim Township which is now owned by his son, our subject. He started in life comparatively' a poor man, but bj' industry and economy kept adding to his property' until at one time he had in his possession six good farms in Lancaster County, aggregating in all about six hundred acres. He was regarded as one of the wealthiest farmers in this section, but being ver}' reticent regarding his business affairs, even his own family- did not know his worth in dollars and cents until after his death. In politics he was a stanch Republican, and was the recipient of various posi- tions of honor and trust. He was frequently called upon to act as administrator in the settlement of valuable estates, and acted as such for the family' of Daniel Brubaker. On the r)th of January, 1832, Jacob Esbenshade married Maria, daughter of David Binkley, a miller of Binkley's Bridge. To them were born the fol- lowing-named children: Elizabeth, Christian B., Barbara, Susan, Jacob, Maria, David, Henry, Peter, Amanda, Isaac, Anna and John. The husband and father died November 10, 1884; his good wife pre- ceded him to the better land, passing from earth March 19, 1875*. The subject of this sketch was reared on the home farm and educated in the public schools, re- maining at home until reaching his thirty-second year, when he located upon the farm he is at pres- ent occupying. He was engaged in its cultivation for eight years, when he returned home, but in 1880 again took up his residence on his beautiful estate, where he is engaged in mixed husbandry. He is also the proprietor of a farm in Providence Township, which is under a good state of cultiva- tion and is occupied by tenants. Mr. Esbenshade h.as always manifested a deep in- terest in the welfare of this community, and he has been Director and Treasurer of the Northern Market House in Lancaster for some time, and is also stockliolder in the Lanciisler and Kphrata Company. At all times and in all places he h.is shown himself to be a loyal citizen, and is well re- garded by his fellow-townsmen. -^ -^4^1 LIPHALET ORAM LYTE, Pii. D., A. M., r^ CS of Millersville, has been eminently success- ful as an educator for a period extending over a-quarter of a century, and is very popular throughout the state as an institute instructor. In 1887 he was elected Principal of the State Normal School of this place, and has devoted himself to the improvement of all its departments and to still further elevating the standard of the institu- tion, which has long borne a high reputation. Dr. Lyte has almost grown up with the Normal, hav- ing been a student and teacher in it since his boy- hood, with few interruptions, and is therefore more than ordinarily interested in its progress. The birth of our subject occurred in Bird in Hand, Pa., June 29, 1842, and his early years were passed in assisting his father to carry on his nurs- ery and garden, and during the winter he attended the public schools. It was while he was preparing for college that the War of the Rebellion came on, when he offered his services in the defense of the Flag, and for three years was faithful and efficient. At the battle of Chancellorsville, he received a wound, from the effects of which he has never en- tirely recovered. He went out in a regiment of infantry as a private soldier, but soon won pro- motion and held a commission is a battery of light artillery. In a number of great battles fought by the Army of the Potomac, he was actively inter- ested, and belonged to that division of the service until the close of the war. Returning to his home PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 457 Dr. Lytc oontiiuied his studies and tauf^lit in tlie district schools of his native county for two years, subsequently entering the Pennsylvania State Nor- mal School of Millersville, from which he was giad- uatcd in 18C8, and later completed the scientific course. He was at once elected a member of the faculty as Professor of rhetoric and bookkeeping, and later, for many years lilluil the chair of peda- gogy and Knglish grammar. The Franklin and Marshall College conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts in 1878, and also that of Doctor of I'hilosophy in 1887. The same year he entered upon iiis duties as Principal of the Normal School, in which he had successfully taught from the time of his graduation. The number of students en- rolled continues to be greater year by year and largely in excess of any similar institution in the state. At the same time the course of study has been extended and the school has been made more distinctively a teachers' institute than ever before. Of late a gymnasium, library building, one for physical science and mechanical arts and various other structures have been erected which will add greatly to the efliciency of the school. The special studies and interests of Dr. Lyte have led him along the branches of language, phil- osophj' and pedagogies, and he is the author of a series of text-books on language, one on book- keeping and several on music. On educational and literary subjects the Doctor is a popular lec- turer, being the possessor of well matured and ad- vanced ideas on all topics connected with public education as well. In addition to his duties as Principal, he fills the chair of ps^-cliology and logic. In 1891 he was made President of the Pennsylvania Teachers' Association and is a life member of the National Educational Association. For a number of years he has served as a Director of the National Association and is Vice-President of the Council of Education connected with that bod^'. He is also a memberof the American Acad- emy of Political Science. Fraternally Dr. Lyte is a Mason of the Thirty- third degree, that distinction having been con- ferred upon him in 1885. He also belongs to the Loyal Legion, the Grand Array of the Republic and the Society of the Sons of the Revolution. Dr. r.yte has many practical plans for the further development of the Normal and hopes to still keep increasing its renown as an educational center. He has a genuine love for the institution with which he has been so long connected, and for that rea- son has continually declined to consider the ac- ceptance of positions which might be esteemed more important and which were certainly more de- sirable from a financial point of view. In March, 1872, occurred the marriage of Dr. Lyte and Mary, daughter of Dr. Isaiah Mc Junkin, of Philadelphia. Two children have been born of this union, Louis and Gilbert. Dr. Lyte and his wife are members of the Episcopal Church and have man^- sincere and devoted friends in all cir- cles of their acquaintance. In manner the Doctor is very affable and courteous, and by his students, though firm and an excellent disciplinarian, is be- loved and respected. 3^^ WALTER S. BARE, a successful business man of the cit3' of Lancaster, is just- ly entitled to space in this connec- tion. He is a packer and dealer in leaf tobacco. Born in Bareville, Pa., on the 3d of October, 1857, he is a son of the late Dr. A. S. and Eliza (Ann) Bare. The years of his boyhood were spent in Cincinnati, Ohio, to which place he returned in 1872, residing in the family of his uncle, Martin Bare, a prosperous merchant of that city. There he received an excellent education. In 1880 Mr. Bare became superintendent of the large edged tool works at Hamilton, Ohio. The bus- iness of this concern rapidly increased, the prod- ucts finding a large sale in the west and south. In 1887 he came to Lancaster and engaged in the tobacco business, becoming a partner in the firm of Jacob Wolf & Co., and remaining in that connec- tion until the firm was dissolved in 1889. He then established himself in business at No. 34 East Grant Street, where he still carries on trade in all grades of doraesticand imported tobaccos. By careful atten- 458 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. tion to business, and b3' energy and square dealing, he has built up a very large trade. At Browusville, Fayette County, Pa., December 12, 1888, Mr. Bare was united in marriage with Miss Mary, daughter of J. Nelson Snowdon, who carried on a large business as a boat builder at Pittsburg and Browusville. Politically, Mr. Bare is a stanch Republican. His religious connections are with St. James' Episcopal Cliurch. He is re- garded as one of Lancaster's most popular and suc- cessful business men, both he and his estimable wife having the respect of all who kuow them. (@. CTr DOLPHUS S. VILLEE. The subject of / — \ tliis sketch is well known in Lancaster as one of the overseers in the Farnum Cotton Mills. Our subject's grandfather was once Gov- ernor of Paris, at a time when the name was spelled de Ville. His son, Herman W., who was born in Paris in 1789, was a graduate of the military school and was a prominent attorney, well known in the history of France. He joined the array in 1805, and was at the battle of Austerlitz, where Napoleon won one of his greatest victories, some relics of which our subject has now in his posses- sion. He also has a pair of solid silver S[)urs used by his father at the battle of Waterloo, also his sword. He followed the Eagles of the Empire into Spain and Portugal, being connected with the artillery as Captain, in the conflict of 1812 against Russia, and was at the burning of Moscow. In 1814, after Napoleon had been sent as an exile to Elba, he took the oath of allegiance to the new king, Louis XVIII. After Napoleon was sent to St. Helena, Villee, with others, was forced to leave France. In 1815 he went to England and from there he went to the West Indies. In 1820 he came to America, bringing with him 135,000 and landing at Phila- delphia. From there he went to Reading, where he engaged in the printing and publishing busi- ness, including French, English and German pub- lications. .Subsequently he started a newspaper at Lancaster and opened a large book store. He was a friend of President James Buchanan. Af- ter losing all of his property by going on other people's bonds, he removed to Lewisburg, where he kept a tavern, and from there moved to Mil- ton, but after a short sojourn In that place we find him conducting a hotel in Suubury, Nor- thumberland County. Later he lived in another part of the count^', where he taught school, and died in 1842. He established the Postofflce at Harders Church, but his commission as Postmaster came after his death. In politics he was a Demo- crat and was noted as a campaign speaker. He spoke French, German, Italian and Spanish flu- ently. He belonged to the German Reformed Church. Our subject's mother, Matilda Regina (Strein) Villee, was married October 26, 1828; she was a na- tive of Lancaster, and the daughter of John Jacob Strein, who was born in German^', and settled in Lehigh County, Pa. He engaged at teaching, but in 1805 located in Lancaster, the old residence be- ing on South Duke Street. He engaged as organ- ist and teacher in Trinity Lutheran Church for a period of about thirty' years. He died at Lancas- ter aged seventy-seven years. The mother also died there aged sixty-seven years. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Villee consisted of six children, five o^ whom reached their majority, and three are still living: Sarah, Mrs. Samuel Greiner, of Lancas- ter; Mary B., the widow of George W. Brown, of Lancaster; Adolphus S., the subject of this sketch; Herman, who was in the Fiftieth Pennsylvania In- fantry, and is now deceased; and John Henry, a salesman in Philadelphia, who went to California in 1856 by the way of Panama. He traveled through Oregon and Washington and went to New Mexico, but has not been heard from since 1861. The subject of this sketch, the third child in order of birth, was born in Lancaster on the 24th of Maj', 1832, but was reared in Northum- berland County until past sixteen years of age. He there attended the schools common to that day and age, but at that time his father died and he PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 459 was compellecl to work on a farm, going to school ' twenty-four days each winter for three winters. When fifteen years of age he liegan school teach- I ing in his home district. He also clerked in a Postotlice for a time. In 1848 he again went to work on a farm, continuing until he came to Lan- caster, and in March, 1849, commenced working in cotton mill No. 1 to learn the weaving trade, the wages at that time for an apprentice being fifty cents per day. He continued in this mill un- til 18.50, when he was engaged in cotton mill No. 2, where he was assistant foreman. April 7, 1865, he was promoted to be overseer of tlic weaving de- partment. It should be staled in tliis connection that during the first j-ear of the Civil War he went into the service as wagon master of a train under General Hanks, in tlie Shenandoah N'alley, and remained until February, 1862, when his train was broken up and transferred. After he was re- tired, he returned to his home, believing the war to be nearly over, but in 1863, being impressed Willi the thought that it was his duly to help sup- press the Retiellion, he volunteered in the Fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantr}' as a member of Company I. After the battle of Gettysburg, he did guard duty about ten weeks and was mustered out the last of August, 1863. After his return he again entered the cotton mill with which he has since been connected. He is Secretary of the People's Building & Loan Association, helping to organize that institution, and has been one of its directors from its start. It now has a capital of *218,0()0. Our subject was married at York, on the 11th of April, 1852, to Miss .lulia A. T. Hammond, a native of Prince George's County-, Md. .She was the daughter of George Hammond, who was born in Massachusetts, and died in Grafton, W. Va. Our subject's wife died December 3, 1889, in her fifty-ninth year; she was a devout member of the Lutheran Church. Eight of their eleven chil- dren grew to manhood and womanhood: Herman W., a machinist; Julia A. M., Mrs. Hutchinson, of Lancaster; Charles A. D., who is the assistant fore- man under our subject; George Edwin, who died when an infant; Henr}' Locher, who died at the age of thirty-two j'ears, at Congers, N. Y., June 10, 1893, and was in the employ of the "Review of Reviews;" Mary Elizabeth, the widow of Will- iam A. Tobias, who resides with our subject; Edgar Lincoln, wlio died at the age of five years; Sarah Katie, who died aged six years and six months; Emma Harriet, a graduate of the high school, liv- ing at home; Bertha Greenwold, now Mrs. John A. Sprenger, of Lancaster; and John Walter L, musi- cian and piano tuner. Mr. Villee is an honored member of Lodge No. 88, K. of P.; he was a charter member of the lodge, and w.as its first Secretarj'. He was District Deputy for several years. He belongs to the Can- as-sa-te-go Tribe of Red Men, and is Past S.acliem. He is also a member of the Artisans' Order of Mutual Protection, and of Admiral Reynolds Post No. 405, G. A. R. Both he and his estimable fam- ily are identified with Trinity Lutheran Church, and in politics he has been a Republican ever since the days of John C. Fremont. JOHN J. JEFFRIE;.S, representing Cullman Bros., of New York, in their tobacco trade, was born in Lancaster, August 18, 1851. His father, Levi Jeffries, was born in llie same county. His grandfather, John J. Jeffries, was born in Chester County. He was a mason by trade. In 1816 he located at May town, and died at the age of ninety-one years, in 1885. Politic- ally he was a Democrat, and voted for James Monroe. He was of Scotch-Irish descent, and be- longed to the Reformed Church. The great-grand- father came from Scotland to Chester County. The father of our subject was a stone ma.son b}' trade, and went west when a young man, but later returned to Lancaster and engaged in laying brick, continuing in the same for many 3'ears. He met with an accident at Reading by falling down in- side of a smokestack, forty-five feet high, breaking both of his legs. He died at Lancaster, February 22, 1885, aged sixt3' years. The mother, Cather- ine Shindel, also a native of Lancaster, and the 460 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. daughter of Peter Shindel, who was a cigar man- ufacturer, still lives in Lancaster, her age being seventy-one years. The family are members of the Lutheran Church. Our subject, the only child, was reared in Lan- caster, and there had the advantage of good scliools. Me learned the trade under his father, working with him from 1866 to 1882. He was in company with his father several years prior to tlie hitter's death. Having had experience in packing tobacco, in 1883 he was employed as the repre- sentative of Cullman Bros., with whom he has been associated ever since. From a business point of view our subject has been unusually successful, and now owns several fine residences in Lancaster. He was united in marriage in 1870 with Miss Lou Gates, who was born in Ches- ter County, Pa., and is tlie daughter of Emanuel Gates, ashoe manufacturer. By this union five chil- dren were born: William, Edward, Charles, Frank and Lottie. Mr. Jeffries takes an active part in all public matters, is a member of the School Board from the P'ifth Ward, and belongs to the Artisans' Order of Protection. Politically he is an active worker in the Democratic partj'. His wife is a member of St. Paul's Reformed Church. DAVID E. MAYER, a well known and re- spected citizen of Strasburg, has served as Supervisor of the township for seven terms, and has been one of the School Directors for six terms. He is very active in politics, being a stanch Republican . For three terras he served as In- spector of Elections, and for three years was Clerk of the Election Board, and in addition to those offices has held that of Judge of Elections for one term. March 29, 1894, he was appointed to serve as County Commissioner, and is still acting in that capacity. His career as a public man has been marked with ability and fidelity to affairs coming under his jurisdiction, and he has given entire satisfaction to his constituents. Christian Meyer, the grandfather of our sub- ject, in the early part of this century was a lead- ing settler of this locality. By trade he was a blacksmith, which occupation he followed for a number of years, and then began milling. He in- vested a large sum of money in land situated in West Lampeter Township, but never was to any extent engaged in agriculture. In pt)litics he was an adherent of tlie old Whig party. He married Miss Mar}' Miller, and seven children graced their union, namely: Isaac, Leah (Mrs. Hcrr), David, Jacob, John, Hattic (Mrs. Hildebrand), and Na- thaniel. The eldest in the last named family, Isaac Mayer, was born in West Lampeter Township, and in his boyhood worked on a farm. For about twelve years he was emplo3ed b}' a neigiiboring agricult- urist, and subsequently with the sum he had suc- ceeded in laying aside bought a farm in Strasburg Township, and to its cultivation gave his atten- tion for the next thirty years, after which he lived a retired life until his death. Politicall}' he was a Whig, and on the formation of the Republican part J' became identified therewith. He was School Director of Strasburg Townsliip for two terms, and was a member of the Old Meiinonite Church. In the year 1836 he was united in marriage with Mary Hoover, by whom he had a family of three sons: Christian, now deceased; David E. and Isaac II. The nativit}- of David E. Mayer, the subject of this article, occurred in West Lampeter Township, August 4, 1838. He received such school advan- tages as were afforded b}' the district schools of the neighborhood, which he attended until reach- ing his eighteenth year. His life was passed un- eventfully, his father training him in the duties pertaining to the operation of a farm, and with him he continued to make his abode until his fa- ther's death, in 1877. In that year he embarked in business for himself on the home place, and has made a specialty' of raising vegetables and all kinds of berries, etc., for the Lancaster market. He has been very successful in this enterprise, his laud being fertile and well adapted to the pur- pose for which it is used. The owner has mani- fested good ability in a financial way, and has acquired a snug little fortune through his indus- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 461 trious and persevering efforts. He has never mar- ried, preferring to live an independent life and lias kept "bachelor's hall. His friends and neighbors, who have known him as man and boy for over half a century-, think highly of him, for he is a man of sterling integrity and honest worth. G: ^m ^rr -^^1 -^") ^ JOHN F. RRTMMKR. It affords us pleasure to place before our readers an outline of the history of this gentleman, who is one of the enterprising and substantial business men of Lancaster, where he is the proprietor of a finely equipped livery stable, which he is carrying on in connection with his brother, C. II. Brimmer. Our sucject is also engaged in the leaf tobacco business, and b^' carefully attending to details, has accumu- lated a handsome competence. A native of this city, our subject was born in August, 1855. lie is the son of Frederick Brim- mer, of whom a fuller history will be given in the sketch of C. II. Bii miner, on another page in this volume. John F., of this sketch, was the youngest member of the parental family, and obtained his education in the city schools. When old enough he learned the trade of a baker, and in 1872 start- ed in business with his brother, they operating to- gether as bakers until 1876, when John F. and a Mr. Feltnian established a tob.acco business, buy- ing for a New York house. The}' continued this for two years when Mr. Brimmer began work- ing on a salar)', being in the employ of different firms in New York and California until the ^-ear 1881. The following year he began in business wi-th C. G. bhubert, which connection was dissolved two years later. He then formed a partnership with G. C. Kienbussh, of New Y'ork; the latter took care of the business in New York, while Mr. Brimmer had the management of the house in Lan- caster. They operated togethei until 1887, when our subject engaged in the tobacco trade on his own account. He has two buildings devoted to the storage of that article, whose capacit}' combined is three thousand cases. Mr. Brimmer buys the tob.icco in the bundle from the producers and packs and inspects it himself. During the busy season he gives employment to sixty men. In connection with the business already men- tioned, Mr. Brimmer is interested with his brother C. H. in a livery stable, and is a stockholder in the Hamilton Watch Company, of which he is alsoa di- rector. He also has money invested in the Helvetia Leather Company and is a stockholder in the Union Building and Loan Association. Mr. Brimmer has invested a large amount of capital in real estate in Charlestown, W. Va., and also owns considerable property in Lancaster. His beautiful residence is located at No. 140 North Duke Street. He is now building a fine residence at the corner of Mari- etta and President Avenues, which is surround- ed by two and one-half acres of ground and forms one of the most attractive spots in the cit3'. The marriage of Mr. Brimmer and Miss Mary M.. daughter of Herman Miller, \vas celebrated in 1879. They have iiad born to them two children, John R. and Elizabeth. In social affairs our sub- ject belongs to the Royal Arcanum. He is a true Christian and an active member of the First Pres- byterian Church. In politics, he was reared a Democrat and has been a follower of that party ever since. Wti^ _S L-y- ^^Jlll^^' ^ DANIEL R. MrCORMlCK, M. D., is one of the leading and successful j^oung physi- cians whose field of practice is in Lancas- ter, of which city he is a native. A member of the leading medical associations of the county and state, he takes an active part therein, keeps thor- oughly posted on all the latest discoveries and is constantly extending his knowledge of the frater- nity to which he belongs. Educational ideas and affairs in this city have few more enthusiastic sup- porters than the Doctor, who has been a member 462 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. of the School Board, and at one time was President of the organization. The father of our subject was born in Philadel- phia and came to J.ancasterin its early days, being for some time engaged in contract work. Taking up the study of medicine, he entered the Philadel- phia University, from which he was graduated, and tlien devoted himself to the practice of his profes- sion here until he was called from this life, in 1869. He bore the same Christian name as his son of whom we write, and by his marriage with Mary A. Reutter nine children were born, all but three of whom are yet living. Mrs. McCormick is still a resident of Lancaster, her home being with her son. After receiving a good public school education, our subject, who completed the high school course in 187,5, entered the drug business, and during the intervals of his work studied medicine, his tutor be- ing Dr. J. O. Boyd. In 1882 he was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He next pursued a special course in chemistry, after finishing wliicli he became a partner of Dr. Boyd in his practice. In 1883 the latter died, and since that time our subject liiis car- ried on the practice alone. When the St. .Joseph's Hospital was started Dr. McCormick was made one of the medical staff, and served as such for two years. For four years past he has been a member of the Lancaster Board of Health, and is President of the Board of Examining .Surgeons for Pensioners, having been appointed in the spring of 1893. As formerly stated, he is a member of the Lancaster City and County and the State Medical Societies. Formerly he was Vice-President and is still asso- ciated with the Pathological Societj^ An active worker in the ranks of the Democracy, Dr. McCormick has for years been a member of the County Democratic Standing Committee; was Secretary of the County (.'ommiltee at one time, and h.as often been chairman of various county and city conventions, being also a delegate to the state conventions of his party. Foremost in edu- cational affairs, the Doctor has used bis influence to the best of his ability in the promotion of good schools and the best teachers to be obtained. For ten years he was a member of the City School Board, of which he was President for two terms, and during this time nearly all of the modern school buildings were erected. As a member of the Finance Committee his suggestions and recom- mendations were consequently regarded as most important, and he used wise discretion in the dis- bursement of the people's money and in the or- ganization of the Lancaster school S3'stem, which is justly considered very complete and satisfactory. /^~V SAMUEL FLICK is one of the largest Vj T contractors and builders in Lancaster, and has always had as nuich work on hand as he could well attend to. His work gives the best of satisfaction, and he is in great demand, for he gives his personal attention to ever}' detail and is thoroughly reliable .and strictly business-like in his methods. He is a native of this city, having been born here April 16, 1854, and his life has been passed within the city limits. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Henrj' Flick, lived on West King Street when Lancaster was a small village. He was a successful carpenter and builder in his day, having erected some of the Conestoga Cotton Mills among other structures in this locality. He was a Whig in politics and a man much respected in the community'. In his family were the following children: Henry, George, Fred, William, Mrs. R. M. Morrow, Mrs. Charles Ames, Margaret Spurrier, Mrs. Brilhart and .Lacob. The parents of our subject were Henry and Eliza- beth (Smith) Flick. The father of our subject was born in this city, where he learned his fa- ther's business and followed the trade all his life. In former years he was a Whig, and after the or- ganization of the Republican party became its firm adherent. He was called from his labors in May, 1882, when he had reached the age of sixty-five years, but his wife survived him for ten years, dy- ing in April, 1892, in her seventy-third year. Of their five children, the eldest, Frederick, is a car- penter, and the others in order of birth are as fol- lows: Henry, Charles, G. Samuel and Mary C. Mr. Flick, of this sketch, attended school only SAMUEL NISSLY. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPinCAL RECORD. 465 until thirteen years of age, when he became clerk in a hat store, remaining there for four years, but on account of his health he abandoned the business and worked for three j'cars at the carpen- ter's trade. For ten years succeeding that he was foreman for Philip Dinklcbergcr, wlio died in 1886. Since that time Mr. Flick has been carrying on business on his own account, and among other buildings wiiieh show his handiwork are Springer's Brewery, the handsome residence of Mr. Senor, the Lancaster Caramel Factory, which he remodeled, besides many others. He erected a wing on the Watch Factory, and has tilled many other contracts of less importance. Heemploj's upwards of twelve men, attends strictly to hi? affairs, and the success which has blessed his efforts is owing to his ener- getic and business-like methods. Socially he is connected with Lancaster Lodge No. 67. I. (). (). F., Washington P^ncampment No. 110, Fulton Castle No. 210, Knights of the Golden Eagle, and belongs to the I'niled Friends Life Insurance and the Mu- tual Reserve of New York City. Though lie has al- ways refused to serve in an official capacity, he is a stalwart Republican and is interested in the wel- fare of his party. April 15, 1879, Mr. Flick was united in marriage with Ladel Ladora, daughter of Martin Leber, of this county. They have had a son and daughter, William II. and Mar^- C, but the little girl was called from their home by the angel of death when only ten years of age. 4^ AMUEL NI.SSLY. The subject of this sketch is one of the oldest and most hon- ored citizens of Weidmanville. For over fift^- years he has held the office of .Surveyor, and for almost the same length of time has served as Justice of the Peace with satisfaction to the entire communit}'. He is a native of Pennsylvania, and was born in Lancaster County, May 29, 1815. His parents. Henry and Catherine (Martin) Nissly, were 20 also natives of the same state. The grandfather of our subject was a native of Lancaster County and was born in 1759. The family originally came from Switzerland, and was numbered among the pioneer settlers of Lancas- ter County. .Jacob Nissly. the founder of the fam- ily' ia America, emigrated to this country early in the eighteenth century, settling upon property in Pennsylvania which his descendants have contin- ued to occupy to the present day. The father of our subject was born .luly 12, 1783, and became a prominent farmer of Chiy Township. In 1807 he married .Miss Catherine .Martin, a daughter of Pe- ter and Catherine (Flickinger) Slartin, her father being a farmer of the same county. Their union w.os blessed wtlh nine children, all of whom were born in Claj- Township, Lancaster County, and four are now living. Tlicy were named: Peter, Martin and Henry, all deceased; Samuel, our sub- ject; Elizabeth; .lolin, deceased; Catherine, Anna, and Isaac, deceased. The father of the family passed away in 1869, at an advanced age. Our subject was reared on his father's farm and received his education in the common schools of his native place. When eighteen years of age he went to Lititz to learn the cabinet-maker's trade, which took two yeai-s. Afterward he worked three years in the same pLace, and then returned to the farm and carried on his tra^e there for two years. In 1840 he learned land surveying under the guid- ance of his uncle, Peter Martin, and in this occu- pation he has since continued. In 1850 Mr. Nissly was elected Justice of the Peace and has been re-elected every five years since. He is President of the Lincoln National Bank, and hits been a member and Director of the Northern Mutual Life Insurance Compan3' since its organization in 1844. He has served as Secre- tary' and Treasurer of the same for some time, and is the President of the company at the present time. Politically Mr. Nissly is a Republican, but was originally an old-line Whig, having cast his first Presidential ballot for William Henry Harrison in the year 1840. Catherine (Martin) Nissly, the mother of our subject, was a daughter of Peter Martin, conveyancer and Justice of the' Peace of Weidmanville. He was commissioned Justice of 466 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the Peace for Cocalico and Elizabeth Townships by Gov. Thomas Mifflin in 1791 and held that of- flce until 1835. John Martin, the original Martin of this family, emigrated from Virginia and lo- cated in Ephrata, Pa. Mr. Nissly never married, preferring the life of single blessedness to tlie uncertainties of matri- mony. He is a liberal-spirited and progressive man and has the best interests of his locality at heart. He gives his support to all worthy public enter- prises, and does all in liis power to advance the general welfare. lie is always faithful to every trust, and whether in business, official or social life, he is ever an honorable, upright man, wortliy the high esteem in which he is held. DAVID L. DEEN, a leading Republican poli- tician of Lancaster, is Clerk of the Com- mon Council, and is Alderman from the Sixth Ward, having his office at the corner of North Queen and Walnut Streets. For a number of years he has served as Clerk of the Common Council. He is a member of the Republican Coun- ty Committee, and for a number of years was Chairman of the Republican City Committee. The paternal grandfather of David L., James Deen, was born in Ireland, and with his parents and two brothers came to Lancaster County, lo- cating on what is now the Evans Farm. Later he removed to Juniata County, where he bouglit a farm, and continued to make his home thereon un- til his death, which occurred when over eighty years of age. He was a much respected and hon- ored member of the Presbyterian Church. His parents were born in Scotland, and removing to the northern part of Ireland, resided there for a few years. Thomas Deen, the father of our sub- ject, was born in Lancaster, Pa., and after his mar- riage to Catherine B. McGlinn, in Lancaster, made this city his headquarters, though he was a travel- ing salesman for a dry goods Arm in Philadelphia until the war. He offered his services and was made sutler for the First and Second Pennsyl- vania Reserves. He died in 1862 in Philadelphia, aged fifty years. His wife was a daughter of An- thony McGlinn, who was a carpenter and builder, and also an undertaker in this place. For one term he was Coroner of Lancaster County, and his death occurred about the year 1871, when he was in his eightj'-eighth year. He was of Irish descent, and a Catholic in religion. Mrs. Deen died in the year 1882. Six children, three of wliom died in infancy, preceded her to the better land. Those living are, William M., a retired con- tractor and builder, who was in the Seventy-ninth Penns3'lvania Infantry until disabled at the battle of Green River; Thomas A., who is a machinist and electrical engineer, and David L. His brother, James A., of the Tenth Pennsylvania Infantry, was one of the first soldiers of this state. His life was offered on the altar of his country's liberties, as he died at Ciiambersburg on the 22d of May, 1861. The parents were ineml)ers of tiie Presby- terian Church, and the father was a Democrat un- til tiie war, when he affiliated with the Republican party. David L. Deen was born in the city of Lancas- ter M.ay 12, 1847, and attended the public schools. His father died when he was a lad of fourteen years, and he then obtained employment in a gro- cery owned by John D. Skiies, with whom he re- mained for two years and a-half. He next learned the machinist's trade in the Lancaster Locomotive Works, serving an apprenticeship of liiree years. For eight months he was in the shops of tiie Penn- sylvania Railroad at Pittsburg, and later was in those of Coneraaugh and Johnstown and the Re- nova and Baldwin Locomotive Works. Returning to Lancaster, he was employed in the Conestoga Cork Works for about three years, having charge of the machinery. For six years and a-half he was Cliief Engineer of tlie city water works of this place, and then for four years was Chief En- gineer of the Penn Iron Works. In 1884 he was elected by the City Council for one j'ear as a Street Commissioner. In the spring of the next year lie was elected Alderman from the Sixth Ward, and after- ward was appointed to fill a vacancy of about three PORTRAIT AND BlUGIi^VrHICAL RECORD. 467 montlis. In May he received liis commission from Governor I'attison, and in 1890 was re-elected, iiis commission being given by Governor Beaver. In 1879 Mr. Deen ra.arried Maggie Seilh, who was born in Philadelphia, hut was reared in Lanc.ister. They have liad three children: William 1.., Mary K. and Charles V. The eldest son is a druggist in Philadelphia, and a graduate of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, and will soon be in the druggist's business in Lancaster. The pleasant resi- dence of the Deen famil}' is located at No. 525 Kast Chestnut Street. Since 1868 our subject has been a member of the Knights of Pythias and is Past Chancellor. For one term he was P'oreman of the Grand Jury, and for some time was a mem- ber of the American Order of Steam Engineers. He is Secretary of the Lancaster County and Pro- tective Association, and has been at various times influential in assisting new organizations and en- terprises. He is a gentleman of social disposition, and is very fond of hunting. JOSEPH K. GOODELL, of the firm of Joseph H. Goodell & Co., heavy dealers in coal and lumber in the city of Lancaster, was born in Washington County-, N. Y., near Granville, June 22, 1821. His father, Joseph Goodell, was born near Salem, Mass., and the grandfather, Jo- seph, as well as the great-grandfather, whose name was also Joseph, were natives of the same locality, and were farmers by occupation. Joseph Goodell, the great-great-great-giandfather, was a member of the family of Robert Goodell, who settled near Danvers, Mass., in 1G34, coming from England about that date. The family were of Puritan stock, and were of the Congregational faith. Our subject's father was a soldier in the War of 1812; he was a cabinet-maker, which trade he learned in the town of Keene, N. H. After the close of the War of 1812 he returned to Granville, N. Y., and soon engaged in the manufacture of furniture, and later removed to Waterford, N. Y., where he engaged in the same line of business. We next And him located at Cohoes, N. Y., where, in company with others, he constructed a sawmill and con- ducted a very successful business. His next field of operation was at Bridgeport, Conn., where he operated a veneering mill, it being the first of that kind of machinery operated. After a successful business life, lie retired and traveled through dif- ferent parts of the country. His wife passed from the scenes of this life at Plainfield, N. J., and he died in Lancaster, Pa., aged eighty-nine years. In religious matters he was a Presbyterian, and in politics he was identified with the Whig party. Oursubject's mother's maiden name was Melinda Wilnioth; she was a native of Massachusetts; and died at the age of sixty-two years, having reared a family of five children, three of whom are living, our subject being the eldest. Joseph R. Goodell was reared in the Empire State, where ho obtained a good common school education. At the age of fourteen he embarked on life's ocean for himseif, going to New York City, where be secured a position as clerk. He re- mained in one >tore for ten years. In 1847 he took steamer for the Pacific (Jcean to Callao, South America. After his return by way of Cape Horn, in 1849 he took another voyage, going around Cape Horn, and touched at Panama, and from there sailed to San Francisco; during this voyage he saw much of the ocean world. While in the vicinity of Murders' Barr, he inu a stationary en- gine in a sawmill for eighteen montlis, and in 1854 returned to New York City, b}' way of the Nicaragua route. After his trip abroad, he settled down at his old business again, in the year 1869 locating for himself on Washington Street, Lan- caser, in his present business, and becoming a member of the firm of McComsey & Co.; in 1877 he succeeded his partner, since which time the firm name has been Joseph R. Goodell & Co. Be- sides a very large lumber trade this firm handles twenty thousand tons of coal per annum. Aside from his regular business, our subject has over a score of residences throughout the city which he rents; fifteen of these he built himself. Ouc subject formed the acquaintance of his wife, 468 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. whose maiden name was Celia Sener, in Philadel- phia, and they were mairied at Lancaster, October 16, 1860. She is the daughter of Jlr. and Mrs. G. Sener. He and his estimable wife are the par- ents of two children: J.Edward, who was grad- uated with the Class of '94, from Franklin and Marsliall College; and Mary, at home. Political- ly our subject is a Republican, and has always taken an active part in the public welfare of his county and state; he has been elected tliree times as a member of the Common Council from the Ninth Ward of his city, and has held numerous other local offices. He is an honored member of the Masonic and Odd Fellows' fraternities, and is an acceptable member of Grace Lutheran Church. Our subject is a living example of what one man can accomplish by beginning life in a proper manner, with an ambition to achieve success. Whether as a clerk in New York Cit}', working on board an ocean steamer, running a sawmill, or digging gold with the famous old "Forty-niners" in California, or in his counting-room, making large sales of lumber and coal, he is the same care- ful, considerate person, of whom the world has none too many. i>^^<-! ( fT^ - (Qy-^ -5— JAMES W. DOWNEY, a member of the firm of Downey Bros., builders and manufacturers, was born in this cityin 1845. He is the son of David Downey, whose birth occurred in the North of Ireland in 1819, and the grandson of Samuel Downey, who, on emigrating with his family to America, located in this county, where he was the proprietor of a good farm, and resided until his death, in 1856. The father of our subject was a shoemaker by trade, but during the later years of his life engaged in dealing in stock, shipping to Philadelphia. He was a member of the First Presbyterian Church, and died in 1872. In politics he was a decided Democrat, and for several terms served as a mem- ber of the Common Council from the Ninth Ward. He was married tO'Eliza J. Downey, his second cousin, who was also a native of this city, and who died March 1, 1892, when in the sixty-eighth j'ear of her age. TLie parental family of our subject included six children, three sons and three daugliters, of whom James W. was the oldest member. He was edu- cated in the public schools and would have grad- uated with the Class of '63 had it not been broken into by the Civil War. He belonged to tlie mil- itary cadets of Lancaster, under Captain Young, and in 1864 enlisted in Company E, Fiftieth Penn- sylvania State Militia, with the three months' men. On the expiration of his term of enlistment, he again offered his services to his country, and was mustered in as Lieutenant in a company, enlisting for nine months. He was not permitted to go to the front, however, his father compelling him to stay at home. In 18C4 Mr. Downey went to Pliiladelphia and was taken into the firm of J. G. Rouse & Co., dealers in carriage hardware and trimmings, their place of business being located on the corner of Fourth and Arch Streets. In 1889 he disposed of his interest in tlie business, and returning to this city, engaged in trade with his brother, Charles E., under the title of Downey Bros. Tliey bought the old carriage bolt works, wliich they converted into a shop for tiie manufacture of carriage wood- work. It is two stories in height, 33x164 feet in dimensions, containing storehouse, drying rooms, etc. Their shop is supplied with a fifty horse- power engine, and all the machinery necessary for the successful carrying on of their business. They manufacture all kinds of shafts, poles, spokes, hubs, bows, etc., used in making carriages. Since the summer of 1890 the brothers have operated a sawmill in Baltimore County, Md. It is a port- able structure, and can be moved upon the timber- l.aud which they purchase in different portions of the county, and manufacture the oak, ash and other varieties of lumber on the ground. Downey Bros, ship the product of their factory to all points in the United States and Canada. Our subject was married February 16, 1875, in Edge water Park, N. J., to Miss Ella F., daughter PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 469 of Davis W. McClellan, a native of Philadelphia, wlieiv lie was engaged in contracting and building. To Mr. and Mrs. Downey there have Iieen born three children, William II., Frank D. and Marian G. In social affairs our subject is a prominent Ma- son, holding inerahership with Lodge No. 369, in Philadelphia. He also belongs to Robert Morrison Lodge No. 29, I. O. O. F., in the same city, in which he has passed all the chairs. He is a mem- ber of the First Presbyterian Church, and in poli- tics is an unswerving Democrat. i-^HJH^P=- JOHN C. BALDWIN. Among tlie worthy old settlers and respected citizens of Strasburg Townsliip is this gentleman, who has been a witness of and has assisted in the prosiierity and cd and counseled, planned and executed reforms and made many visits to every county in the state during his term of ollice. Great interest (vas aroused by his intelligent and earnest presentation of topics under discussion in educational meetings at county institutes and else- where. In 1870 Dr. Wickcrsliam became joint owner of the "Pennsylvania .School .loiirnal," with Prof. John P. McC.iskey, and its circulation and useful- ness were greatly increased. By an Act of Legis- lature the Soldiers' Orphans' Schools were i)laced in his hands and remained there until he retired from ollice. In fie(iuciil conferences with the President of the convention that framed the Con- stitution of 1S74, Dr. Wickersham appeared before their committees and in other ways advanced his views as to the educational provisions which he thought the Constitution should contain. Many of these plans were subsequently (»rried into effect. In 1876 at the Centennial celebration at Philadel- phia, the Keystone State made a creditable show- ing in tlie Educational Department which was under his management, and for iiis labor much credit was given to him both at home and abroad. In 1867 the Minister from the Argentine Republic spent some time in the state studying its meth- ods of managing schools, and endeavored to get the Doctor to resign his iiosition and become Su- perintendent of the public schools of his coun- try. After the Centennial the Doctor decided to visit Europe in order to study systems of educa- tion, and was appointed Commissioner by the Gov- ernor of the state, making his oHicial report in 1878. President Arthur appointed him Minister to Denmark on account of his distinguished serv- ices and he at once repaired thither, assuming the duties of the office, but on account of his wife's poor health he resigned the charge. In 1886 he issued from the press of the Inquirer Printing and Publishing Company, of which he was President, '•A History of Education in Pennsj'lvania," a very- valuable work of nearly seven hundred pages. While in no sense a politician, Dr. Wickersham was an earnest Republican. After the war he was a candidate for Congress from this district, and many of his friends were anxious to see him serv- ing as Governor of the state. He was also in- terested in Franklin and Alarshall College, of which he was a Trustee, the Farmers' National Bank, the State Insane Asylum at Harrisburg, and he was a member of the Lancaster City School Board. Fra- ternally he belonged to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and to Post No. 84, G. A. R. In every walk of life his chief aim was to do what he could to bene- fit humanity, and he was conscientious and intelli- gent in carrying out his convictions of dut3% =-^^+^i J HAROLD WICKERSHAM, of Lancaster, son of the above, is President of the Wickersham Printing and Publishing Company, which was instituted by his father. This concern was organized in 1873, with a capital stock of |i65,000, and May 1. 1891, the name was changed to its present style. It is one of the large enter- prises of the city, and they have a large business in publishing books and pamphlets, and in their bind- ery and electrotyping departments. The office is situated at No. 53-55 North Queen Street, which building is owned by the company. The birth of our subject occurred in Marietta, Pa., February 24, 1856, and his boyhood was passed at Millersville and in Lancaster, where he received good public and high school advantages. He was graduated from the latter in 1872 and at once entered the Freshman Class of Franklin and Mar- shall College, where he remained for three years. The next two years were passed in Yale College, and in 1877 he received from that institution the 472 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. degree of Bachelor of Philosophy on his gradua- tion. On beginning hisactive life work he entered the old //7gMMW Printing and Publishing Company in a subordinate position, and by his enterprise and ability steadily worked his way upward until he was made general manager, a position he has held ever since. After his father's death the name of the company was changed to the one it goes by now, and our subject was made its President. Em- ployment is given to about eighty persons, and the business transacted by the firm brings in a large income. They have a regular book otflce and ten large book presses. The building which is occupied by the company is owned by the same and is four stories in height; it has a frontage of forty feet and a depth of one hundred and forty- four feet. Mr. Wiekersham is a Director in the Farmers' National Bank and also a Director in the Lancaster Gas Light and Fuel Company. The pleasant home of our subject was erected by him, and is situated at No. 505 North Duke Street. He was married m Ft. Wayne, Ind., in 1880, to Miss Jessie, daughter of John Hough, formerly' an attorney, but now deceased. In his political faith our subject uses his ballot in favor of the Republi- can party. As a business man he lias shown good ability and is numbered among the best citizens of Lancaster. ^♦•{•♦•S' ♦•{••{•♦t ****>^^^*.5"t+l BENJAMIN F. W. URBAN, M. D., a vete- ran of the late war, has been an official or deputy at the court house longer than any other man in Lancaster County and has had much experience as clerk of the sessions, being very familiar with the county records. The Doc- tor comes from an old family of Pennsylvania their ancestry being traced back for many gener- ations. Three brothers of the name came to Amer- ica from Lombardy and Venice by way of New Or- leans and Baltimore, and they were the founders of the American branch. The grandfather of the Doctor, whose Christian name was Joseph, was born in Conestoga Township, where he followed farming, as had his forefathers for generations. His death occurred when he was nearly eighty-five years of age. His son, Joseph R., was born in tiie same township, and for forty years was a success- ful school teacher, botli before and after the com- mon school s^'stem was inaugurated. At various times he served as Tax Collector, Assessor and in local oHices, and politically' was first a Whig and later a Republican. His death occurred when he had reached the ripe old age of eighty years. When young he united with the Methodist Epis- copal Church as a convert from the Lutheran Cliureh and became a class leader and preacher, es- tablishing Sunday-schools in diiferent places and being a great worker in llie southern and central part of the county. A strong anti-slavery man, he was one of the conductors on the Underground Railroad s^'steni. Jose|>h R. Urban married Elizabeth Sourbeers, a native of the same township as himself. Her fatliei', Conrad, was a farmer and cooper by trade, and lived to a very old age. The Doctor is one of seven boys, six of whom served in the late war. Abncr now resides in western Ohio; Alfred E., who was in the One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Penn- sylvania Regiment, on his return became a con- tractor in Columbia, where his death occurred; Amos, also of the One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania, was a prominent builder and owner of a planing mill in this city, where he passed his last years; Joseph R., who was in the Ninth Penn- sylvania Cavalry, is now interested in the Harris- buig Iron Mills; John W., of the First Pennsyl- vania Reserves, was wounded at White Oak Swamp, being a prisoner for eleven months, in later years he wrote the work entitled "Battle Field and Prison Pen," and is now a resident of Conestoga. Rev. Abram L., now an Episcopal minister at Scrantou, Pa., was only a boy during the fore part of the war, but enlisted and served as soon as he had reached the regulation age. Dr. Urban, of this .sketch, who was next to the 3'oungest of his parents' family, received a general education in Conestoga, where he was reared, and in the spring of 18G2, when fifteen years old, vol- unteered his services and became a member of W. E. LANT. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 475 Company D, First Pennsylvania Reserves, being imistered in at PIm'nixville, Pa., as a private. At the expiration of two years be was made a Hospi- Uil Stewart, serving as such until the close of the conllict. He tooiv part in the battles of Fredericks- burg, Rappahannock and (Gettysburg and in all of the engagements of the Third Brigade until the capture of Richmond. He w.is never awa^' from his regiment nor was he ever wounded, but in the spring of 1865 he was taken witli malarial fever and lias sufifcred from its effects ever since, his physical ct)ndition having been practically poi- soned. He was mustered out in .June, 1865, and returned home. After taking up his studies for a lirae young Urban was examined and took the best second grade certificate, after which he taught for three terms in his native township. Then with Dr. P. S. dinger he began the study of medicine, and in 1867 entered the University of Pennsyl- vania. He graduated two years later with the de- gree of Doctor of Medicine. The Doctor began his professional practice in Conestoga, where he remained for four years, and in the spring of 1873 became Deputy Clerk of the Quarter Sessions with his brother, .John W. I''or three yeai-s he was in the department under A. S. Clair, and in the fall of 1878 was elected Clerk of the Quarter Sessions on the Republican ticket. He ably filled that responsible place from .January, 1879, to .January, 1882, when his term expired. Afterwards he was eng.aged in the drug business and built a store at No. 312 South Queen Street and there he continued for several years, also start- ing a dry goods business. In the year 1888 he was made Deputy Clerk for Mr. Killian, Clerk of the Quarter Sessions, and in 1890 was again elected to the latter position, his term running until .January, 1894. M. S. Fr3', the present incumbent, made him his deputy, and thus it is about sixteen years that he has been either Clerk or Deputy Clerk, the longest to hold an^' similar position in this portion of the state. In September, 1868, the marriage of Dr. Urban and Kate A. Hess was celebrated in Conestoga Cen- ter, where the ladj' was born and where her father, .Jacob Hess, was an old settler, blacksmith and ag- riculturist. Nine children have been born to our subject and wife, Mary A.; James C, formerlj- a pharmacist and now a plumber; Uilla L., a liook- keeper; Frank G., an architect; Bertha Iv., who is now clerking; Emma C, Edna M., Mabel F. and Harold H. Socially Dr. Urban is a member of I^amberton ] Lodge No. 476, F. ank Schlotthaur, a butcher of Columbia: Georgia wife of George Miller, of this place, who is a boiler maker; Anna, Mrs. .Jacob Eicker, of York County, Pa.; Charles, Daisy and Lucia. On the 5th of May, 1861, Mr. Gohn enlisted in Corapan\' K, of the Fifth Pennsylvania Reserves, infantry service, and became a part of the Army ^i 478 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. of the Potomac. In the following year he fought in the battle of Mechaniesville, and then fol- lowed in rapid succession llie engagements of Gaines Hill, Charles City Cross Roads, Malvern Hill, second battle of Bull Run, Glendale and South Mountain, in all of which he did valiant service. In the last named battle he received a severe wound, a musket ball entering his arm, and he was obliged to leave the field. As soon as possible he returned to his regiment and with them was en- gaged in the battle of Mine Run. July 2, he was in the Second Brigade under General Fisher on Big Round Top, Gettj'sburg, and in the battle of the Wilderness he was wounded in the lower part of his leg by a musket ball. Though his injuries have occasioned him much suffering and trouble, he has never applied for a pension. He was fi- nally discharged March 14, 1864, and returned home. -"ty- mm /^ EORGE R. AVELCHANS, M. D. Few phy- V T sicians and surgeons in Lancaster County rank higher than the gentleman whose history we will proceed to trace, and for a quarter of a century he has been engaged in practice in the city of Lancaster, where he is accounted one of the most influential citizens. He is surgeon for the Pennsylvania Railroad, is one of the staff at the General Hospital in this citj', and is consult- ing surgeon at St. Joseph's Hospital. A man of very extensive reading and information, he is prominent in Masonic circles and has written a fine and creditable history of the old Lodge No. 43, to which he belongs. Tlie birth of our subject occurred in this city January 3, 1845, his parents being Joseph and Mary (Gundaker) Welclians. The former was born in this county and is a sou of Reuben Welcbans, whose birth occurred either in this or York County, and who was engaged in the cabinet-making and general furniture business. His wife, who was from Maytown, bore the maiden name of Mary C. H.aines, and had a brotlier in the Legislature. Reuben Welchans served in tlie War of 1812 and lived to receive a pension, dying at the age of eighty-five years, while his wife lived to reach her eighty-eighth year. He was of German descent and was a member of the Reformed Church. Joseph Welchans, the Doctor's father, was a wholesale tobacconist and a dealer in Lancaster, being one of the early wholesale merchants, and continued in business many years, making a good success of the same. He was born in 1819 and de- parted this life in' 1876, aged fifty-seven years. Prior to the war he was a Democrat, but subse- quently became affiliated with the Republican par- ty. Both he and his wife were consistent mem- bers of the German Reformed Church. The latter was the daughter of George Gundaker, a native of this county, and a contractor by occupation. He served in several local offices, having been Super- visor in the city of Lancaster. His death occurred as a result of an accident, which occurred in 1881, his ago being then about eighty-six years. Ills fa- ther was of an old Pennsylvania family, who were adherents of the German Reformed Ciiurch. The Doctor's mother is still a resident of this cit^' and is now in her seventy-fourtii year. Her ten children all grew to mature years and eight of tlie num- ber are living. William died in Denver, Colo., and Edward, deceased, was formerly a resident of Lancaster. Samuel H., of this city, became Second Sergeant of Company H, One Hundred and Twen- ty-second Pennsylvania Infantiy, during the late war. A. C. is interested in the building of eleva- tors and makes his home in this city. The others in order of birth are as follows: Charles A., Mary E., Kate V., Joseph, Jr., and J. Howard. Dr. Welchans was reared in Lancaster and grad- uated from the high school in 1861, after which he went to Piiiladelphia and finally was a clerk in a drug store. AVhile there, in 1863, he volunteered on the emergency call, becoming a member of Company A, Gray Reserves of Philadelphia, under Captain Keizer. On his return he entered the Phila- delphia College of Pharmacy, and in 1864 returned PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 479 to this city, beginning the study of medicine un- | der Dr. .lohn L. Atlee. In the fail of that year he ' entered the University of Pennsylvania and grad- uated in March, 1867, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. After an extended tour through the west he settled down to engage in practice and has since then been actively and remunera- tively employed. From 1881 to 1886 he was Treasurer of the United States Board of Pension Examiners and was one of the visiting physicians to the Lancaster County Hospital for several terms- Several times he has taken post-graduate courses at the Polyclinic, and makes a specialty of surgery cases. He is one of the Trustees of the Children's Home of this city. As Assistant Surgeon under Dr. Atlee, Dr. Welchans. acted for the Pennsylvania Railroad, and on the death of liis preceptor, in 1886, he succeeded to the position. In .January. 1869, the Doctor married Miss Em- ma E. Weber and they have two children. William H., who graduated from the Lancaster High School and Franklin and Marshall College, is now Chief Clerk in tlio llainilton Watch Factory of this city; and A. Lillian is at home. The ottice of our subject is at No. 35 Orange Street, while his residence is at No. 404 North Duke Street. He belongs to the City, County, State and American Medical Associations, having been a charter member of the Lancaster City Pathological Society. He served as Treasurer and President of the County Medical .\ssociation. He is a very active member of the Masonic fraternity, having attained his Thirty-second degree .June 7, 1881, .and was Worshipful Master in 1875. Since 1876 he has served on the Ciiai ity Committee and is Past High Priest of Chapter No. 43, R. A. M. He is Past Thrice Illustrious Master of Goodwin Coun- cil No. 19, and is Past Comniander of Lancaster Commandery No. 13, K. T. In 1885 and the four succeeding years, he was division commander for the counties of Lancaster and York. At the Cen- tennial anniversary of the lodge the Doctor deliv- ered a historical address and afterwards compiled a work relating to the" History of Lodge No. 43, " a volume of some three hundred pages, which took years of hard work, as it comprises biographies of each Past Master and is invaluable, as it contains the history of the organization. Moreover the Doctor belongs to the Philadelphia Consistory of the Thirty -second degree and is a niember of the Corresponding Circle Lodge C^uatuor Curonati No. 2076, at London, England. With Lulu Temple, Mystic Shrine of Philadelphia, he is ideiUilied, and with Lancaster Lodge No. 67, 1 . O. O. F., and Wash- ington Encampment No. 11. In politics he votes the Republican ticket. i,+**+l ?+++*' :f iT^ LEXANDER S(;iIULTZ for the past four- f — \ teen years has been engaged in operat- ing his well improved farm in Str.asburg Township. For many years he has been a leader in the ranks of the Democratic party, and has rep- resented his townsmen in the Strasburg City Coun- cil frequently. The father of our subject, who bore the Christian name of Lawrance, was born in Germany and emi- grated to this country at a verj^ earl}- day. For a time he was engaged in the stationery business at York, Pa., but later removed to a point on what was called the Baltimore Peach Bottom Road, in York County, where he kept a hotel up to the time of his death. He became quite well-to-do and was justl}' esteemed a reliable and upright man in all dealings. He married Miss Elizabeth Keen, and had a famil}^ of six ciiildren. The birth of Alexander Scluiltz occurred -Jauu- ' ary 3, 1817, in the city of York. On arriving at suitable years he commenced attending the public I schools and was a student also in the country schools of York County until thirteen years old. I He was early obliged to earn his own livelihood, and worked for the Hrm of Philip & .Samuel Small in the general mercantile business for about two 3^ears. Returning to York, he learned the tin- smith's trade with George F. Stein, and in May, 1838, we find him in the employ of Jacob Gable, Sr., with whom he remained for tlie next two years. Embarking then iu business for himself, he followed 480 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. his trade for a quarter of a century in Strasburg. By this time possessing ample means to pass in comfort his remaining years, he abandoned active business cares, turning over his trade to his son. He had always lived a very active life, and finding it irksome to do without occupation, he invested some of his means in an improved farm of seventy acres, situated in Strasburg Township. This pur- ch.ase was made in 1880, and since that time Mr. Schullz has found great pleasure in the cultivation of his farm. Religiously our subject iiolds merabersliip with the Lutheran denomination, and socially belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. &. A. M.,and Lodge No. 13, K. T. In everything of public interest he is actively concerned and has done all in his power to promote the prosperity of the neighborhood in which he makes his abode. In January, 1844, Mr. Schultz wedded Annie A. McCoy, who was a native of this county', where she grew to womanhood. To this estimable couple has been born a family of three sons and a daugh- ter, and in the order of their births areas follows: Ellis I., Austin P., Edwin L. and Mary A. Tiiese children have become useful and honored members in the several places in vvhich they reside, and are much respected by all who know them. Mr. Scliullz has always borne an enviable reputation for honorable and upright conduct, and h.as many sincere friends. e APT .JOHN L. WRIGHT, at present Post- master of Columbia, was appointed to that responsible position in June, 1890. He is also prominent in Grand Army circles in the city, having rendered his country efficient service dur- ing the late war as a member of the Fifth Penn- sylvania Reserves. Our subject is the son of John L. and Ann (Evans) Wright, and a grandson of the founder of Columbia, He was born October 1, 1838, in this city, where three of his sisters still make their home. He first attended the private schools of Co- lumbia, then Professor Wire's school at Westf'hes- ter, this state, after which he became a student in the Chestnut Hill Academy, Philadelphia, con- ducted by Gen. Joshua Owens, and was graduated from that institution several years later. The Wright family were among the earliest settlers of Pennsylvania. After completing his education our subject en- tered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, remaining in their ofHce on the corner of Thirteenth and Market Streets, Philadelphia, for three years. At the expiration of that time he located on proijert^- near Columbia, and for the following two years was engaged successfully in cultivating the soil. He again worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad as baggagemaster for seven years, after which he became connected with the Supplee Engine Company in this cit3', by whom he w!is emploj'ed for the following five years. His health becoming impaired, Mr. Wright .again took up the occupation of an agriculturist near Columbia, owning an interest in sixty-five acres of valuable land within the city limits, on which he lived for eleven years. In June, 1890, he was ap- pointed to his present responsible position, the duties of which he is discharging in a manner highly satisfactory to all concerned. In politics Mr. Wright is a tnw blue Re|)ubli- can, believing that party to be in the right. On the outbreak of the Rebellion, April 27, 1861, he enlisted in the Fifth Pennsylvania Regiment, Com- pany K, which was one of the first three 3'ear regi- ments sent out of the state. During his period of enlistment he participated in the following hard- fought engagements: Antictam, where he was Com- mander of the Second Brigade of Pennsylvania Militia, being detailed by General Reynolds; and the battle of the Wilderness where he received the commission of Brevet-Captain, and later the title of Captain, for meritorious conduct at the battle of Spottsylvania Courthouse. Our subject served dur- ing his army experience as Second and First Lieu- tenant, and was mustered out of service with the commission of Captain. He participated in the seven days' fight, and at Gettysburg, Fredericks- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAI'HICAL RECORD. 481 burg. Mine Run, and during a service of three j-ears was never seriously wounded or taken prisoner. Captain Wrij^lil was mustered out at llarrisburg, ra.,,Iunc 16, 1864. Our subject is prominently identified with Grand Army circles in this city, and is Past Commander of Ger.eral Welch Post No. 118. He was married August 17, 1862, to Miss Mary, daughlei of An- drew Bciter, of Columbia, and to Iheni have been born eijj;ht children. Eleanor is the wife(,>f Henry Z. Staraan; Mary is deceased; Anna E. married Charles AV. Wilson, and resides in this city; .John is deceased; Andrew B. is engaged as machinist in Columbia; .Samuel H. is deceased; aud Sarah G.and Bessie are at home. REV. CHARLES L. FRY. A. M., is pastor of Trinity Lutheran Church, the oldest and largest organization in Lancaster, its mem- bership numbering nine hundred and sixty per- sons, and its present structure having been erected a century and a third ago. The congregation was first formed about 1738, and tiieir building was put u|) in 1761, though it has of course been altered and remodeled at various times since. Rev. Mr. Fry is very near to the hearts of his people, and has spared no efl'ort in building up every de- partment of church work and has been an inspi- ration to the young people especially. Rev. Mr. Fit comes from a family prominent in the annals of the church and state in eastern Pennsylvania. His grandfather, ex-Senator Fry, commonly known as "Honest Jacob Fr^'," was born iu Montgomer}' Couuty and was a general merchant and farmer at the Trappe. He was fre- quently in county positions, served iu the Legis- lature, and for two terms was State Senator from this state, and though a candidate for Treasurer, did not succeed in obtaining the nomination. His father, Jacob Fry, Sr., was of German descent and a Lutheran. The father of our subject, Prof. Ja- cob Fry, D. D., was born at the Trappe, in Mont- gomei'i' County', graduated from Inion College at Schenectady, N. Y., and was a student in the Theological Seminary of Gettysburg, and en- tered his ministry in Carlisle, where he remained for eleven years. For twenty-nine 3'ears past he has had a charge in Reading, Pa., and is pastor of the old Trinity, which has a membership of twelve hundred persons, the largest P^nglish-r.,utheran con- gregation in the world. He is also professor of homiletics aud practical theology at the IaiHi- eran Theological Seminary at Philadcl|)hia, and though sixty years of age is extremely active in church aflfaii-s. His wife, who before her marriage was Lilie J. Wattles, was born in Gettysburg. Her father, Harvey Wattles, was formerly' a resi- dent of Massachusetts. Ten children graced the union of Rev. Jacob and Lilie Fr}', and seven of the number, two sons and live daughters, yet survive. Rev. Frank, the other son, is pastor of Grace Luthei'an Church of Pethlehem, Pa. Rev. Charles L. Fry was born at Carlisle, Pa., October 21, 1858, and attended tiie public and high schools of Reading, graduating from the latter in 187.5. Three years later he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts from the Muhlenburg College at Allentown, and afterward was made Master of Arts. In 1881, after a three years' ccjurse, he graduated from the Theological Seminary at Philadelphia. In September, 1881, our subject was called to Trinity Church as assistant to Dr. Green wald, and upon his death, in 1885, Mr. Fry succeeded to the pastorate. In 189.3 the church was greatly im- proved and remodeled, a new pipe organ, steam heat and electric lights were added, though the building in the main stands as it was when erected in the last century-. There is not a crack in the walls, and the same old seats are retained. In 1876 a chapel was built, the upstairs of which is used for Sunday-school purposes, and the remain- der for meetings of church societies, lectures, etc. The church structure is located on South Duke Street, on the site where the lirst United States Congress met. The marriage of Rev. Mr. Fry was celebrated June 9, 1891, to Miss Laura F. Housekeeper, who 482 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAIi RECORD was born in the Quaker City, and has become the mother of two children: Henry Jacob, and Charles Luther. Her father, H. M. Housekeeper, was for- merly a contractor and builder, but is now living retired. The parsonage is at No. 37 South Duke Street. On many occasions Mr. Fry has lectured and has often been called upon to deliver baccalaureate discourses. He is interested in University Exten- sion and was the first Chairman of a local center at Lancaster. He is a member of the Board of Managers of tlie Pennsylvania Chautauqua and several times has attended the National convoca- tions. He is also one of the Board of Directors of the Oratorio Society and is a member of various literary clubs. He has contributed to the press and college publications and one time was asso- ciate publisher of the "Christian Culture." The summer of 1891 he went with his young wife to Eu- rope, visiting Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, Ital}', France and Great Britain, and on his return was tendered a public reception, in which all denom- inations participated. JAMES STEWART (deceased). The Stewart family to which our subject belongs is of Irish origin, his father, who bore the Chris- tian name of .John, having been born in County Antrim, L'elnnd. He was reared .as a farmer, and on coming to America located in St. John's, New Brunswick, where he turned his ener- gies to dealing :n live stock. Later he came to Pennsylvania, becoming the owner of land in Daujihin County, and was one of the extensive farmers and stock-raisers of that locality. His fa- ther was a native of Scotland, but removed to Ire- land, where he lived many years. The wife of the grandfather, Barbara, was born in Ireland, and was a daughter of Donald McAllister, who was a farmer in St. John's. John Stewart, Sr., departed tliis life when about seventy years of age. One of his sons, the Hon. John Stewart, was at one time in the State Legislature as a Representative from Dauphin County. James Stewart was born Feb- ruary 2, 1826, m the same county, near Harris- burg, in Powl's Valley, and on arriving at ma- ture years became one of the leading farmers and stock men of the state. He was one of the first to go from Pennsylvania to Texas for the purpose of bringing cattle overland in droves of several thousand. He personally superintended several of these undertakings, riding all day, and at night sleeping on blankets with his saddle for a pillow, and he often related many interesting incidents of that period, this being about 1856. It was in 1861 that James Stewart came to Lan- caster to establish a stock yard, a need which had been long felt in this part of the state. For many j'ears subsequently he did an extensive business in cattle, and also dealt in baled hay, which he raised on his farm near East Ilempfield, seventy-five acres being devoted to its cultivation. There he also had twenty-five acres given up to tobacco raising; but these varied interests were yet not enough to fully employ the mind of this ambitious man, and among the many other concerns in which he was identified were a coal yard, which he sold out about 1884; and flagg stone quarries in Luzerne County, which he operated for years, and which supplied much of the stone used in this city. About 1869 he took contracts for the stone work on the Ben- nett's branch of the Pen ns3' Ivan ia Railroad and on the bridge across the Susquehanna River at Nan- ticoke and one at AVilkes Barre. In 1881 and 1882 he took contracts on the Shenandoah Valley Road for fifteen miles, from Jordan's Furnace to the Nat- ural Bridge in Virginia, l-'or grading the site of the car shoi)S at Roanoke, Va., he was given a contract, and also for large pieces of work on the North- western Railroad and on the Baltimore ifeOhio. At the time of his death Mr. Siewart had begun work on the double track of the latter at Washington, D. C, and in company with his son Charles had received authority to construct fortj' miles of road between Monroe and M.adieon, Wis. In 1866 he went to Mexico to manufacture ties for the Vera Cruz & Mexican Railroad, but finally sold out to the Government and returned home. It was while CHARLES B. SHULTZ, D. D. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 485 going on an inspection tour in Wisconsin that he was thrown from iiis buggy during a runaway- He sustained severe injuries from skull fracture, which resulted in his death after a few houi-s. The da3' of this unfortunate occurrence was November 28, IH1S6. It had been his intention to associate with him all of his sons in this Wisconsin Railroad con- tract, the largest he had ever undertaken. In city affairs he was very active for guod and was much interested in the Irish movement, often Vaising money to assist Parnell. He was a strong Demo- crat, and though ho usually declined municipal honors, served for several terms .is a member of the Common and Select Councils from the Second Ward. When the Kast Knd Street I{:iilway Com- pany was organized he was made President of the concern. Religiously he was a Catholic and one of the pillars in St. Mary's Church. In Lancaster the marriage of .lames Stewart was celebrated in 1854 with Charlotte McGovern, who was born in Lancaster. Her father, John Mc- Govern, was a native of Ireland, who came to America when very young and settled on a farm in Ka.st Ilemptield, where now stands the village of McGovernville, which was named in his honor. He owned several large farms and was a successful railroad contractor on the Pennsylvania road. His death occurred a number of yeai-s ago at his home. B}^ her marriage she became the mother of seven children, all of whom are living: Charles E., a resident of Westminster, Md.; John J.; Robert D., of this city; James, a wholesale coffee buyer in Bra- zil; Joseph B., of Lancaster, and Mary and Bessie, who are at home. !-+++*'!-+*H REV. CHARLES B. SHULTZ, D.D., is Prin- cipal of Linden Hall Seminary, which is located in Lititz. This position he has held since 1892, his time having previousl}' been passed in regular pastoral work in Ohio, New York, Lancaster and Bethlehem. He was ordained in the Moravian Church in 1864, and for the past thirty years has been very active and efficient as a minister of the Gospel. In 1879 he was sent as a delegate to the general synod, whicii convened at 21 Hennhut, Germany, and is a distinguished and honored representative of his denomination. Dr. Shultz is a sou of Bishop Henry A. and Re- becca (Bagge) Shultz, his birth having occurred in Salem, N. C, April 30, 184 L His father, who was born in Surinam, South America, February 7, 1806, was brought to the United Slates by his parents in childhood, and was educated in Moravian schools and theological seminaries. He was pastor of a number of churches in North Carolinaand in Penn- sylvania, and at one time was located at Bethle- hem. In 1864 he was elected Bislio|), which office he held until his death. He was married in April, 1832, to a daughter of Charles F. Bagge, a promi- nent business man of Salem, N. C, and a uierabcr of the State Legislature at one time. 1 lis father, Traugott Bagge, was born in 1729 in Sweden, and in 1768 he was married in Yorkshire to Rachel Nicol- son. Soon afterward they set sail for the United States, locating in .Salem, where he became a promi- nent man, and was sent to repre.sent his district in the first State Legislature. He was vvell acquainted with Washington, Franklin and other noted men of those times. The death of his wife occurred in 1797, and his own occurred three years later. To Bishop Henry Shultz and his wife were born four sons and two daughters, tliiee of the former dying in childhood. The dtuighters are Mrs. Mary Leinbach and Mrs. Susan Brickenstein, whose hus- band was Principal of Linden Hall Seminary for a number of years. In 1851 Bishop Shultz married for his second wife Klizalielh WoUe, of Detlileliem, who is still living in that phice. By that union were born four children, and those surviving are Prof. Frederick T., Princi|)al of the academy and schools of Penn Yan, N. Y.; Gertrude, wife of Rev. Mr. Moench, pastor of the Moravian Church of Lititz, and Elizabeth, who is an art student in New York Cit3'. The "education of Dr. Shultz was obtained in Nazareth Hall, and in the Moravian Theological Seminai'y of Bethlehem. Later it was his privilege to stud3' in the schools of the Old AVorld, as he at- tended for some time the universities of Tuebin- geu and Berlin, Germany. His work in the edu- cational field has been very extensive and far- reaching, as he has labored in England, Minnesota 486 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. and Pennsylvania. He bas also been connected temporarily with the editorship of the periodicals of the Moravian Church. Under his auspices the Linden Hall Seminary is receiving fresh impetus as an educational center. The honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred on liim by the Board of Directors of Ursinus College at its annual meeting in 1894. September 4, 1866, was celebrated the marriage of our subject and Miss M. Isabel, daughter of Charles Lange, of Bethlehem. Pa., and of their un- ion were born six children, four of wliom are liv- ing, as follows: Mary I., wife of L. R. Levering, of Fairfield, 111.; Esther, Grace and Paul, the latter a student in the Moravian College in Bethlehem at the present time. JOHN F. GIRVIN is engaged in farming on seventy acres of land located on the New Holland Pike, eight miles from the citj- of Lancaster. He is the son of Samuel and Eliza (Diffenbaugh) Girvin, and was born in East Lampeter Township, Lancaster County, April 25, 1850. Robert Girvin, the grandfather of our subject, was born in 1770, and came from Ireland over one hundred years ago and located in Strashurg Town- ship, this county, where he followed farming on an extensive scale. He was well-to-do in this world's goods, and religiously was trained in the faith of the Presbyterian Church, to the doctrines of which he adhered until his death. He was married in the above township to Miss Mary Smith, and to them were born the following-named children: John, William, Isaac, James, Daniel, Samuel, Eliza and Margaret. Tlue grandfather died April 16, 1861, at the remarkable age of ninety-one years. Samuel Girvin, the father of our subject, was born on the old homestead, in Strasburg Township, in 1800. He received as good an education as could be obtained in that early day near his home, and remained in his native place for some time cultivating a farm. Later, however, lie took up liis abode in East Lampeter Township, where he owned a sixt3'-acre tract of land. Several years after his marriage he took up the study of civil engineering and did considerable surveying in this county. He located the Strasburg Railroad, running from Lemon Place to Strasburg and con- necting with the Pennsylvania Road. Like his ancestors Samuel Girvin was a Democrat in poli- tics, and a member of the Presbyterian Church. The father of our subject was married to Miss Eliza, daughter of Henry Diflfenbaugii, in 1834. The father of Mrs. Girvin was a farmer, also a con- tractor and builder of some note in this locality', and was well-to-do financially. The parental household numbered three sons and three daugh- ters, of whom Daniel is living retired in the city of Lancaster; Elizabeth is the wife of Hiram Es- benshade, a farmer of this county; Salina was the next in order of birth; Robert is deceased; and John F. is the youngest member of the family. The father died in 1855, and the mother passed away in 1891, at the age of eighty-four years. She belonged to tlie Mennonite Church. The original of this sketch, after receiving his education in the common schools, engaged in farm- ing in East Lampeter Township, on his father-in- law's estate. In 1889, however, lie became the proprietor of his present farm, coini)risiiig seventy acres, and in addition to its cultivation he is en- gaged in picking leaf tobacco. Mr. Girvin is in- terested in the success of the Republican party, for whose candidates he always votes, and was elected on that ticket in 1894 to the School Board. November 21, 1877, John F. Girvin and Miss Mary, daughter of Isaac Weaver, a farmer of this township, were united in marriage. The three children born of their union are Edna, Willis and Robert. Mrs. Girvin is a consistent member of the Reformed Church, in the faith of which she was reared. Robert Girvin, a brother of our subject, was formerly a substantial farmer of Virginia. June 6, 1881, while on his way home from Winchester, whither lie had gone on business, he was met by an acquaintance who stopped him and climbed up on PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 487 liis horse. As they traveled along the man com- inenceil lii ing a revolver, and although requested to cease doingso by Mr. Girvin. did not stop until he was shot in the back, from the effects of which he died two days afterward. The man was tried and acquitted on the grounds of accidental shoot- ing, but the friends of Girvin areconlidcnl it grew out of a political feud, he being a stanch Republi- can, while the majority' of the citizens of his com- munity were strong Democrats. MIl.TON G. SWAN, Superintendent of the Marietta Manufacturing Company, is the son of George and Charlotte (Gillette) Swan, and was born in Cattaraugus County, N. Y., September JO, 1855. His father, likewise a na- tive of Cattaraugus County, there spent the days of youth and early manhood, receiving the benefit of a common school education. Ado|)ting a life vocation, he chose that of agriculture, which for many j^ears he conducted upon a very extensive scale. At one time his landed possessions aggre- gated eighteen hundred .acres of land, the larger portion of which w.as placed under good cultiva- tion. In addition to the tilling of the soil, he dealt extensively in wool, in which line he met with distinct success. He made a specialty also of the raising of gram and hops. To the supervision of his farm he gave his personal and undivided at- tention, which doubtless accounted for his extra- ordinary success. During the harvest season he employed as manj- as sixt^' men. In addition to farming, George Swan also en- gaged in a private banking business, being Presi- dent of a bank at Avon, Livingston County, N. Y. He continued both as agriculturist and banker un- til somewhat advanced in years, when, having ac- cumulated a sufficient competency, he retired from active business cares, and now lives in a pleasant home at Pavilion, Genesee County, N. Y. The comforts with which he is surrounded 10 the twi- light of his life have been secured by his energy, industry and sound judgment in his business trans- actions. While he has gained material success, he has also gained that which is even better, the re- spect and confidence of his fellow-men. As a Re- publican, he has always taken an active interest in political matters and has held a number of local offices, in which he has rendered satisfactorj' ser- vice to his constituents. Educational matters also received his warm interest, and he was a fr'end ot the public scliool system and one of its promoters in his vicinil}'. Though he cannot now take the active interest in public affairs that he was wont to do in days gone by, he is still ready to co-oper- ate with schemes for local advancement, and is a public-spirited citizen. Socially he affiliates with the Masons. His first wife, our subject's mother, died in 1888, at the age of forty-eight years. Three children were born of this union, namely: (ieorgiana, wife of Dr. E. A. Clapp, a practicing physician of Livonia, IJvingston County, N. Y.; Myron and Milton (twins), the former of whom died at the age of twenti'-four. After completing the studies of the common schools of his native town, our subject entered the Yeates Polytechnic Institute, where he prepared for college. Instead, however, of taking a collegiate (;ourse, he embarked in business, entering his fa- ther's bank as clerk, and afterward bj' promotion becoming cashier, in which capacity he served for seven years. The con linemen t of the office not proving congenial to his health, he was obliged to retire from the work. He then embarked in tlie manufacturing business at Lancaster, Pa., making a special!}' of blacksmith and railroad supplies. The business was afterward removed to Columbia, where it was operated under the name of the Col- umbia Agricultural Works for four years. In 1891 a stock company was formed and the business was removed to Marietta, the name being changed to the Marietta Manufacturing Company. They man- ufacture agricultural implements and blacksmith's tools, also election furniture. As many as seventy men are eiiiplo3ed when the works are in full op- eration, and the enterprise is one of the most im- portant of Marietta. While at no time an aspirant for office, Mr. Swan 488 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. takes a commendable interest in party matters and is a stanch advocate of Republican principles. March 27, 1881, he was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob Maurer, of Lan- caster, and two children bless their union, George M. and Harry M. ='5»+'5"**5*"5"*'5*= F RANCIS X. ZIEGLER, one of the native sous of Columbia, Lancaster County, Pa., is one of her prominent citizens and old settlers, as his birth occurred here April 9, 1817, and he has always continued to make his home in this city. For the remarkably long period of forty-six years he has been manager of the tele- graph office in this place, and since March 31, 1857, has also been the agent for the Adams Express Company here. In 1888 he prepared a series of articles for the Columbia Herald, which were duly published in its columns, and furnished a very complete and interesting account of the early days and inhabitants of Columbia. The Ziegler family originated in Alsace, France, now under the German Government. The grand- father of our subject was born in that countr}',' November 16, 1750, his Christian name also being Francis, and in 1777, in company with Baron De Steuben, he came to the United States. Arriving at Portsmouth, N. H., he received a commission to serve in the Revolution, and at Yorktown did valiant service and also in other engagements. He finally settled in Baltimore, Md., where he con- tinued to reside until 1798, and then went to Lancaster, subsequently removing to this city, where he died in 1800. He was a Jeffersonian Democrat and a member of the Catholic Church. His wife, Mary (Huck) Ziegler, died December 26, 1825, aged sixty-five years, and by her mar- riage she was the mother of nine children. John Ziegler, the father of our subject, was bom in Baltimore, June 15, 1785, and received a good education, becoming a great reader and student. He learned the carpenter's trade, to which he de- voted his active life. Like his ancestors, he was a member of the Catholic Church, and in politics voted with the Democratic party. His wife, Maria (Lechler) Ziegler, was born January 14, 1798, and survived until October 26, 1891. Her fatiier, Henry, was born in Berks County, Pa., February 27, 1748, and died in 1835. By trade he was a manufacturer of leather bi-eeches, and for a period of thirteen years was a door keeper of the State Assembly, and for a long time served as Under Sheriff of Lancaster County. His wife bore the maiden name of Julia Rizer, and came from an old Philadelphia family; she was born June 29, 1765, and died May 8, 1840. Francis X. Ziegler attended the public and sub- scription schools of Columbia in an early day, and had for one of his teachers Eli H. Thomas, a vet- eran of the War of 1812. On completing his schooling, the young man became Princiiial of the grammar school of this place, serving in that capacity for two years, during the sessions of 1852 to 1854 inclusive. At tiie same time he held a position as manager in the telegraph office, which he entered in the fall of 1848 and h.is since held. In his official duties lie has proved to be very trustworthy, and his superiors have appreciated his fidelity. Since 1860 he has been interested in insurance associations representing different life, accident and fire companies. For four years he was editor of the Columbia Herald, which he managed with great ability. January 14, 1838, Mr. Ziegler . married Jane P., daughter of Richard Martin, of Philadelphia, who w.as born in England. Nine children were born of this marriage: Catherine C, Joseph C, Maria J., Agnes Virginia, Richard, Francis E., Clement, Euginie Elizabeth and Mary Frances. The mother, who is still living, was born April 21, 1817. Joseph C, the eldest son, is a celebrated artist in Paris, and is vvorking with the noted Bonat. In his political faith Mr. Ziegler is a stanch Democrat. E**>f+**+*= JOHN F. INGRAM has a large and lucrative business as a contractor and builder, having his home in Strasburg, Lancaster County. During the late War of the Rebellion he served as a member of Company I, Twentieth Pennsylvania Cavalry, and was mustered out af- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 489 ter a service of six months, on the 7th of January, 18G4. lie is a stanch Repul)lican, and has acted in Ihe cspacities of .Iiulgc of Kleclions, Inspector of Elections and as Borough Assessor at various times. For some nine years he was a member of the School Board of the borough of Strasburg and in various ways has l)een identilied with the up- building and progress of this locality. .lames Ingram, the father of our subject, was a niiihvright and followed that occupation for over half a century in Providence, Paradise and West Lampeter Townships, of tliis county. Politically he was a Democrat and a public spirited man. He married Miss Sarah M3'ers, and to them were born eleven children: Mary, Margaret, Sarah E., John F., Amanda, Anna L., Milton .1., William II., Amos, Frank E. and Harry E. The three daughters, Sarah, Amanda and Anna, and .Milton J., the seventh of the family, are deceased. The birth of J. F. Ingram occurred in Provi- dence Township, Mai-ch 7, 184,5. During his youth he attended the schools of West Lampeter Town- ship and completed his studies when about eigh- teen years of age. For the next two years he en- gaged at general farm work, but fcs he did not seem cut out for that branch of business he com- menced working at the carpenter's trade. After seven years spent in that occupation he began building and taking contracts for himself, and has been successfully engaged in this business ever since. Notwithstanding the sharp competition among the innumerable builders and contractors of tins county he secures a large number of paying contracts each year and does a lucrative business. He is noted for his workman-like and reliable manner of erecting structures, and many of the fine and costl3' dwelliughouses of this and adjoin- ing counties stand as monuments of his handi- work. On account of his known abilitj- he was called at one time to New Jersey, where he erected a large barn in Bergen County, on the West .Shore Railroad, which was completed in less ihan four weeks. On Christmas Day 1866, Mr. Ingrain married Miss Lizzie Binkley, who was born and grew to womanhood in this county. Six children have graced their union: Cora S., Bertha A., one who died in infancy. Pearl S., Park B. and Earl J. The home of the family is a comfortable and substan- tial one, and they take great pleasure in extend- ing its hospitality to their neighbors and many friends. Mr. Ingram h.as always held a warm place in his heart for the (irand Ami}' boys and holds membership with Strasburg Lodge No. 406. 10/ \^ HENRY C. MILLER. a successful and lead- ing business man in Rhorerstown, is the |)roprietor of a flourishing gristmill, and commands the liest trade as a dealer in coal and feed in the ])lace. He was born in East llempfield Township, Lancaster Countv, March 2, 1850, and is the son of Andrew and Susan Miller. The grandfather of our .subject, who also bore the name of Henry, was one of the large land- owners of this county, where be was born and spent his entire life. He w.as a devoted member of the Mennonite Church, and all who knew him re- spected him for the faith which he so earnestly up- held. He married a Miss Shenck, and to them was born a family of six children: Andrew, Henry, John, Jacob, Adeline, and Anna, who was the wife of Philip Ilotteustein, now deceased. The father of Henry C, of this sketch, was also born in this township in the 3'ear 1812, and re- ceived a fair education in the districtschools. Like his honored father, he too followed agricultural pursuits and owned a valuable tract of two hun- dred broad acres in this count}'. In politics he was a Republican after the formation of the party, but never desired oftiee, content to use his in- fluence in a quiet way, and upheld the principles of his part}' in a loyal manner. Mrs. Miller was the daughter of Jacob Greider, a fanner of this township, and by her union with the father of our subject reared a family of seven children, as follows: Elizabeth, Phares, Adeline, Clara, Annie, Andrew and Henry C. The husband and father died March 28, 1861, and was followed 490 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. to the better land several years later bj' his good wife, who passed away in July, 1892, when in her sixty-sixth year. Mrs. Miller was also a member of the Mennouite Church. The original of this sketch was reared on his fa- ther's farm, received a thorough training in all the duties performed by farmer boys, and at the same time attended school in the neighborhood. When starting out for himself he engaged in agri- culture and continued to cultivate a good estate until 1885, when lie purchased a grist mill in the township, and in 1890 added thereto the business of a coal and feed merchant, succeeding Jacob Mauk in the latter enterprise. Mr. Miller is mak- ing a good success of this undertaking. He mani- fests a commendable interest in all that pertains to the welfare of the community', and is known and respected for the iionest^^ and sinceritj' of his character. He still has in his possession forty-two acres of land finely cultivated. November 9, 1875, Mr. Miller and Miss Elenora, daughter of William Binkley, late of this town- ship, were united in marriage. To them has been born a daughter, Alice. Our subject is a strong Republican in politics, firmly believing in the principles of the party which receives his vote. AMUEL F. FKEY. Many of the prominent citizens of this county are self-made men. From poverty and obscurity they fought their way in life's battles to prominence and honor. In their lives and success is found demonstrated the old proverb that "The gown is but the guinea's stamp. The man's a man for a* that." A volume of the biographies of representative self-made men would be incomplete without a sketch of Mr. Frey, who strikingly illustrates tlie force of well directed energy, steadfast purpose and never ceasing effort for the accomplishment of noble results, and the overthrow of those obsta- cles that beset the progress of every youno- man who, unaided and alone, starts out to combat with life's stern realities. The family' of which our subject is a member has been long and honorably connected with the history of Pennsylvania, whither the original rep- resentatives came from Germany. Our subject's great-grandfather, Abram Frey, was an ordained clergyman of the Evangelical Association, and was connected witli the itinerary service for many years, until called from labor to reward, at the ad- vanced age of seventy-five years. His son, Sam- uel, was born in Union County, Pa., was a farmer by occupation, in religion a member of the Evan- gelical Church, and in politics was identified with the old line Whig party. He married Anna Bow- man, and they became the parents of two sons and one daughter, all deceased, namely: Abram, Anna and .Samuel, of whom the daughter married Abram First, of Harrisburg, Pa. Grandfather Frey died in Union County at the age of forty-nine years, and his vvife passed away at Florin, Lancaster County, January 7, 1879, aged seventy-four years. The father of our subject, Rev. Abram Frej% was born in Union County, Pa., November 14, 1823. He was a man of superior intelligence, a school teacher in early life, but afterward a minister in the Evangelical Association. He filled pulpits at various points in Lancaster, Lebanon, Burks, Mont- gomery and Dauphin Counties, continuing thus engaged for eight years, until his death, April 23, 1859, at the early age of thirty-six years. In con- nection with his ministerial work, he was exten- sively engaged in the manufacture of coverlids and counterpanes at Mt. Jo}', of which enterprise Jo- seph Classley was Superintendent and general man- ager. In politics he was a Whig until the disinte- gration of that party, after which he affiliated with the Republicans. The marriage of Rev. Aljram Frej' and Miss Mary Fauby, which took place July 3, 1845, was blessed by the birth of three sons and three daugh- ters, namely: Martha, wife of Joseph Heineman, of Philadelphia; Abram, a talented and well known artist of Washington, D. C; David, who died at the age of eleven years; Samuel F., of this sketch; Lizzie, wife of Dr. N. A. Saylor, of Philadelphia, and Emma, Mrs. O. G. Hull, of Kansas City, Mo. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 491 The mother of these children, now seventy-three years of age, makes lier home will) our Mibject in Marietta. Near IJioomfield, I'a., in .luniata Townsliip. Fer- ry County, our subject was born December I(), 1852. For some time he wasa student in tlie pub- lic schools of Ml. Joy, but left school at the age of sixteen to prepare for business. February 1, 1868, he apprenticed himself to Henry S. Meyers, of Ml. .Joy, to learn the trade of a cabinet-maker and un- dertaker, remaining thus employed for three and one-half years. January 3, 1872, he went to Ma- rietta, and finding a suitable opening here, he at once embraced the oppoi'tunity of embarking in business. His modest capital of $800 he had saved by close economy and hard work, during extra time allotted him when apprenticed, and during his school days. Renting a small cabinet shop and ware-room in the Welclians" Building, he boughta stock of furniture and funeral supplies. Success rewarded him from the first. To accommodate the increasing demands of his business, Mr. Frey was compelled to move to larger (piarters. In 1887 he purchased the old Roath properly in the heart of the business centre of the city, and tearing down the building he erected the substantial structure in which he now does business. It is of brick, three stories in height, the store 25x80 and the house 25x61 feet in dimensions, the entire frontage being fifty feet. Under the store is a base- ment, making four ware-rooms 25x80 feet in dimen- sions. The store is stocked with a complete assort- ment of furniture of modern styles, and all grades of carpets. There is another building on the same lot, in which are kept caskets, hearse and other funeral supplies. Both the dwelling and the store are fil- led out with all modern improvements, heated witli steam and lighted by gas, a Roj'al gas ma- chine having been placed in the building. In ad- dition to this property Mr. Frey is interested in other real estate and in the improvement of prop- erty', also is interested in farming in the upper part of the county. Politically our subject is a Republican, and in religions faith adheres to the doctrines preached by his ancestors, being a devoted member of the Evangelical Church at Mt. Joy. September 5, 1876, he married Anna H., eldest daughter of Rev. John B. Longenecker, now of Florin, Lancaster County. They are the parents of five children, named Samuel L., Anna L., Myra L., Cora L. and Wilbur L. The success which Mr. Frey has met with in business is richly merited, for he is a man of great industr^^ perseverance and energy. •H ENRY WESTERMAN. Among the thriv- ing establishments of which Columbia possesses her due proportion may be luim- bered the meat market of the gentleman whose name introduces this sketch. It was established several 3'ears ago, and during tiiis time has grown in popularity and its proprietor has acquired a fine reputation as a man possessed of business tact and honor. Our subject is the son of Leopold and Anna (Wagoner) Weslerman, and was born in Lancaster, on the 26th of September, 1856. For a full history of the parents the reader is referred to the sketch of our subject's brother, John Weslerman, found on another page of this volume. Henry Weslerman was educated in the schools of his native place in Iowa, where his parents lived fur a lime, and when fifteen years of age began to make his own way in the world, his first work be- ing to drive a team in Columbia. This he fol- lowed for two years, when he apprenticed himself to learn the butcher's trade in the shop of George W. Wyke, of this city. He, however, completed his knowledge of the business under the instruc- tion of his brother John, who is the proprietor of a large market in Columbia. Young Weslerman for three years had charge of his uncle's farm in this county, which he man- aged in a very satisfactory and highlj' profitable manner until his marriage, at the age of twenty- two years. He then abandoned farm life, and with his bride removed into the city, when he purchased a building and opened up a meat market at his 492 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. present stand. Tliis structure has since given wa}' to a brick building 40x56 feet in dimensions and two stories in lieiglit. Mr. Westerman is a Director in tlie Central National Bank in tills city, with which he has been connected ever since its organ- ization in 1888jand is also a Director in tlie Wil- son Laundry Machine Company. He stands fore- most among the prominent business men vfiio have contributed so largely to the financial prosperity of this part of the county. In politics Mr. West- erman is a Democrat and belongs to the Lutheran Church. The marriage of our subject with Miss Alice, daughter of Cornelius C. Beck, was celebrated in Dccemljer, 1878, and to tliem has been granted a family of six children: Charles B., Jennie A., Bes- sie, Harr}', Zana and Cornelius. I— -^^4^1 HERMAN F. WOHLSEN. Tlie name of Wohlsen is known and respected through- out Lancaster County as belonging to some of its best residents. The present represent- ative of the family is one of the most successful young contractors and builders of Lancaster, and is both liberal and enterprising. lie was born across the water in Germany, July 25, 1861, and is the son of Peter N. Wohlsen, of whom a more extended notice will appear in the sketch of our subject's brother, AVilliam,on another page in this book. The parental family included seven children, of whom four are now living. Herman F. re- mained in his native land until 1879, in the mean- time being given a good education in the model schools of that empire. After deciding to come to America he embarked on the steamer -'Oder," which was twelve days in crossing the Atlantic. Young Wohlsen after landing in New York made his way directly to this city, where he engaged in the car- penter trade witii his brother and attended night school until becoming thoroughly conversant with the Pviiglish language. The brothers continued to operate together for three years, when our subject went to Baltimore and for the following three years carried on a good business in that city as a carpenter. At the end of that time he returned to Lancaster and was made foreman of his brother's shop for four years. In 1890 Mr. Wohlsen began contracting and building on his own account and has erected some of the finest residences in the city, among them that of H. S. Williamson, W. H. Haynes, S. H. Reynolds and A. D. Ailes. He also remodeled tlie Presbyterian Church and built the chemical works at Harrisburg. Mr. Wohlsen is occupying with his family a beautiful residence, located at No. 429 Green Street, and also built and owns three other dwellings on Christian Street. He is tiie [jossessor of considerable real estate in the city, and intends in the near future U> build on six lots on Dauphin Street. To our subject and wife have been born four children: Laura, Carrie, Herman and Helen. In religious matters our subject is a devoted member of the Lutheran Church. He is in favor of all measures wiiicli have for their object the better- ment of his cominiinily, and in politics never fails to cast a vote for Repul)lican candidates. y^rn -^ •|a > | » J i i t » A«8««8»^ AAA«^ 48»^^«{« /^OL. WILLIAM B. FORDNEY was iiorn V^y on Chestnut Hill, Lancaster County, April 14, 1807. His ancestors came from the line between France and Switzerland, and lived on North Queen Street before the Revolutionary War. When he was three years old his parents moved to Lancaster, and with the exception of four years spent at Allegheny College, he spent his entire life in the city of Lancaster. He read law with President James Buchanan and was ad- mitted to the practice of law in 1829, shortly after z < > •A H 'A 5 ■A H < o > W fa x; >— I 2 Pi 3 w o fa o w o z fa a •/: a Pi fa PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 495 President Jackson look his seat. He received his uiililary title from (iovenior Wolf, luuler whom lie served. When Colonel Fordney first practiced law at L.ineaster, that Bar had among its members law- yers of national reputation, including ex-President Buchanan, William Nurris, .lames Hopkins, Moul- ton Rogers ( afterward a supreme judge ), and many other legal lights. One of the early cases he tried was the celebrated Cobler murder, the de- fendant being charged with killing a Hebrew ped- dler. The body had seventeen wounds on it, and notwithstanding these wounds, the coroner's ph^-si- cian was about to make an autopsy of the head to ascertain the cause of death! The trial, however, resulted in the conviction of Cobler, and his exe- cution followed in due time. With the exception of two terms as prosecuting attorney. Colonel Fordney never held or sought office. He was nominated for Congress by the Democratic party, but declined. Ho practiced law forty years and w.is one of the most brilliant legal advocates and able counselors Pennsylvania ever possessed. During the last twenty j-ears of his life he lived retired in the cit3' of Lancaster, where he died in his eiglit3--third year, in-.Iulj', 1889. Of his domestic relations it may be said in this connection that he w.as married November 1, 1837, to Miss Ellen Jenkins, who was born in Lan- caster in June, 1813. She was the daughter of Hon. William Jenkins, a native of the same place. He was a successful attorney at law and died in the city of his birth. The family were origin- ally from Wales, but emigrated to America two hundred years ago, and were the first settlers at Churehtown, where they built and operated iroi» forges, and many members of the family were in the Colonial wars. Their children are: Mrs. Samuel H. Reynolds, Thomas P. Fordney, AVill- iam J. Fordney and Mrs. William H. Potter. In social circles, for more than half a century, there was no more conspicuous figure than Colonel Ford- ney. Of handsome and imposing figure; of ple.is- ing, but dignified and courteous bearing, with a great fund of humor and replete with reminiscen- ces, he w.as the center of a large circle of friends and acquaintances. He was a warm friend of Simon Cameron, so active in the history of Penn- sylvania for a generation. He was a loving hus- band, father and grandfather of children who re- vered and fondly loved him. The family were members of St. James' Episcopal Church. i©_ ^M.. _^" HARRY M. BLACK, M. D., of Strasbuig, is in the enjoyment of an extensive prac- tice and li.as been very successful in his chosen professiou. He keeps fully abreast of the times and recent discoveries in the medical world by taking the leading journals, kee()ing up his studies, and by attending tiie medical societies to which he belongs. He is examiner for the North- western Life Insurance Company, for the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Companj' of New Jersey, the New York Mutual and the Equitable Life In- surance Companies of New York, and the Mutual Life Association of Pennsylvania, and is examining phj'sician on pension cases. He is a leader among local politicians and members of the Democrac3% being identified with the Young Men's Democratic Club of Paradise. William Black, the jjaternal grandfather of the Doctor, was a drover and dealer in stock, in which lines of business he made a good fortune. He married Nancy McLoj', and they had seven chil- dren, the eldest of whom, William, is the Doctor's father, and the others in the ordvjr of their birth are as follows: Jane, who married Dr. Martin; Annie, Ross, Mary, Thomas A. and John. William Black was born in the borough of Stras- burg, August 2, 1823, and followed the same vo- cation as did his father. He was a dealer in all kinds of live stock and was a stock broker. Fol- lowing in his father's footsteps in the question of politics also, he was a Democrat, and for a number of years was Councilman of Strasburg. For a 496 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. period of a term or so he served as School Direc- tor, and educational advancement found in him a warm supporter. He is a member of the Presby- terian Church, to which denomination his wife al- so belongs. B'raternally he is identified with Stras- burg Lodge No. 3G1, I. O. O. F., in which he has passed all of the cliairs. By his marriage with Eliza A. McAllister, he became tlie father of three children: Harry M., the subject of this narrative; Harriet C, who became the wife of William B. Bishop, and William R., who died in infancy. Dr. Black was born in tlie borough of Stras- burg, July 2, 1852, and received his primary edu- cation in the public schools of the district, where he was a student until nearly sixteen years of age. For a year and a-lialf after leaving his school work he engaged in cai-pentering,but on account of poor health, was at the end of that time obliged to leave active work, and did little for the next year. In the fall of 1872 he took up the study of medicine, and for the following year read under the direc- tion of Dr. J. A. Groff. In the fall of 1872 he en- tered the Jefferson Medical College, where he took a year's course of study, after which he returned to this place, and again was under the tutelage of his former preceptor. In the fall of 1875 he returned to Pliiladelpliia and was graduated from the Jeffer- son Medical College in that year with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In Ma3' of the same year, he opened an office In this place which has since that time been the scene of his labors. He has been very successful in building up a good practice and is popular and well liked by all. He is a member of the Lancaster Couuty and State Medical Socie- ties. He is an interested member of several civic societies, belonging to Strasburg Lodge No. 361, I. O. O. F., of whicli he is Past Grand, and is also a member of the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania. He belongs to the William Pitt Encampment of Odd Fellows of Paradise. In 1886 Dr. Black married Carrie E. McCord, who was born and reared in the city of Middle- town, Dauphin County, Pa. The lady, who is well educated and has always moved in the best social circles, is the daughter of Joseph McCord, a promi- nent business man and liquor merchant of Middle- town. Dr. and Mrs. Black have become the par- ents of three children, a son and two daughters: William, who was named in honor of his paternal grandfather; Maria E. and Annie. ^++*+i -iv*5'*!*+*5 ^(•{•♦•J'+C !!',^.^,{*^P H ON. EMANUEL D. ROATH. The history of Lancaster County would be truly in- complete did not the name and history of this, one of her most honored citizens, appear in its annals. Mr. Roath is a veteran of the War of the Rebellion, in which he did most valuable and commendable services for upwards of four years, during whicli time in addition to the usual perils and privations of army life he had also the misfortune to fall into the enemy's hands, being held for over six montlis in captivity. For two terms he has efficiently served as a Representative from this district to the Pennsylvania Legislature, having been first elected in 1857 and later in 1867. During his last term he was on the Military Com- mittee and as such was one of the authors of the Military bill which established the present National Guard of Pennsylvania. He was also on the Com- mittees of Agriculture and Corporation and is author of the Desertion bill. In 1867 and for the term succeeding he was very active in the House and was one of the leaders of the Republican party. The birth of Mr. Roath took place in the city of Lancaster, October 4, 1820. His ancestors have been residents of this county for three generations, and his great-grandparents on both sides of the family were natives of Baden, Germany. On the paternal side, three brothers came]to this locality, one settling near Lancaster, one going to Ephrata and the other locating in the lumber regions of the state. The maternal grandfather was a farmer and extensive land-owner. His property, which wassit- uated along Chickies Creek between what is known as Chickies Mill and Mt. Joy, has been handed down from father to son until the present time. Jacob Roath, our subject's father, was born in Lancaster, and there followed his trade of tailoring. He died PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 497 in early manhood, not Laving readied two score yeai"s wiien claimed by death. He was one of Gen- eral Laf.'iyctte'.s escorts from Paoli to Lancaster and was a member of General Ilamlinght's Company-, tlie Lancaster "Phalanx." Like his father, he was a memlier of the Hefornied t'huroli and in politics was a Democrat. IJy his marriage with Susannah Shirenian he had four children, three of whom arc deceased. They were as follows: John, Knianuel D., Jacob, and Philip 15. and were all in the mili- tary service, John as a member of the One Hun- dred and Kijjlileenlli Pennsylvania Infantry ; Jacob, Lieutenant of Comiian}' B, Forty-liftli Pennsyl- vania Infantry, Veteran Voluuteei-s, and Philip as a member of Company K. One Hundred and Sev- enth Pennsylvania Infantry, under command of our subject. The boyhood of Hon. Mr. Hoath was passed in Maytown and near Marlella and he received his education in the public schools of that locality and in the academy at Ship|)ensburg. lie taught school for some years and during intervening periods also worked on the farm. About 1854 he was elected Magistrate of Marietta and h.as continued in that oIKce up to the present time, having been elected eight times. In 1861 he was appointed Captain of Company E, t)ne Hundred and Seventh Pennsyl- vania Veteran Infantry, by Governor Curtin. Go- ing to the front he was assigned to the Second Di- vision of the First .\rmy Corps, commanded by Col. John F. Reynolds, and took part in the engage- ments of South Mountain, Antietara, Chancellors- ville, Fredericksburg, Mine Run, Rappahannock, the second battle of Bull Run and many others, in- cluding that of Gettysburg. In that famous en- counter with the enemy and in nearly all of the engagements mentioned Mr. Roath was in command of the regiment and for his meritorious services was subsequently brevetted Major, Lieutenant-Colonel and finally Colonel. On the Weldon Road he was taken prisoner by the rebels and conveyed first to Libby, then to Salisbury', then to Danville and later returned to Libby Prison. After 1867 Mr. Roath continued in the duties of Magistrate and convey- ancer. He has always taken a very active part in county politics, his opinion and authority having great weight therein. For twelve j^ears he has been School Director and at all- times lias devoted himself to the best interests of the borough. In 1848 occurred the marriage of Mr. Roath and Susan R., daughter of Samuel Hippie, now deceased, and formerlj- of Marietta. Of this union two chil- dren, George and Anna, were born. The mother died in 1853 and Mr. Roath was married in 1858 to Harriet C. Young. This lady was a daughter of John Young, now deceased, and in former years a resident of Marietta borough. To Mr. and Mrs. Roath were born Charles Emanuel and Barsina II. The former has been called from this life and the devoted wife and mother died in December, 1892. For half a century Mr. Ro.ath has been identified with the Odd I'dlows' society, for more than twen- t3'-one years was a Represent:itive to the Grand Lodge and lias held all the oflices in his home lodge. He is also Past Master of Ashara Lodge, held in Marietta, F. & A. M. and belongs to the Royal Arch Masons and Knights Templar. He is Past Commander of the Grand Army Post of this place and is ex-Slate Counselor of the American Mechanics' organization. Religiously, lie holds membership with St. John's Episcoi)al Church of Marietta, of which he is Warden. His life has been most exemplary and has been unostentatiously de- voted to upholding and promoting the best inter- ests of his fellows. =r^m^¥^m^^^m^>i^m (Tpr RNOLD HAAS, of Lancaster, is one of the / — \ industrious and enterprising business men of the place, and for years has been propri- etor and owner of the Northern Market Hotel, at Nos. 323 to 328 North Queen Street. He has made many very material improvements upon this struc- ture since he came in possession of it, and bj- his good business methods, the courteous treatment of his patrons, and the neat way in which everything is kept about the hotel, receives a large patronage. He has become quite well-to-do in thoroughly legitimate and honorable lines and has invested 498 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. his income to goo4 advantage. A self-made man in tlie truest sense of the word, he has had his own way to make in the world aud lias fought the bat- tle of life bravely, coming off conqueror over ad- verse circumstances. Though disappointments and losses have come to him as to all, lie h.as been un- daunted and has pursued the even tenor of his way. Arnold Haas was born September 21. 1831, in Grube, Switzerland, and his pareuts, John B. and Anna (Engyele) Haas, were natives of the same country. .The former resided all his life at Grube, where he was Postmaster for years and kept a general provision store. In 1847 he served for two months in the Swiss Army. By his marriage he had only one child, the subject of tliis narrative, and he was called from this life at the age of sixty- seven years. He was a conscientious and just man, holding membership with the Reformed Church. Arnold Haas received a good education in his native land, and on completing his studies served a regular apprenticeship at the weaver's trade. This calling he followed for several years, and was married in 1861, Ave 3'eais after which, with his wife, he crossed the Atlantic and located in Philadelphia. In tliat city for a period of two years he worked at his trade and tlien became a resident of Jefferson Countj', Neb., where he re- mained for three years engaged in the cultivation of a farm comprising one hundred and sixty acres. In 1871 Mr. Haas went to Chicago, and there met with severe losses at the time of the great fire of that year. Soon afterward he returned to the Quaker City, where he obtained employment for two years, and in 1874 he permanently settled in Lancaster, which has for the past twent}' j'ears been his place of abode. For some four years he was proprietor of the Tremont House, and in 1878 be- came the owner of the hotel which he has since conducted. The standard of this hostelry he has raised materially, has placed another story on the building and otherwise enlarged and remodeled the same, in addition to which he has built a good stable. In his native land Mr. Haas was united in mar- riage October 7, 1861, with Miss Anna Naf, a native of the same country, and she has proved a valuable companion and helpmate to her husband in the journey of life. In religious faith Mr. Haas is a member of the Reformed Church, and socially is connected with the Masonic order. He uses his right of franchise in favor of the Democratic i)arty, and manifests a commendable public spirit, holding that the good of the majority is to be consid- ered in preference to that of a few. FRANK KLINE, M. D., is a prominent young physician of Lancaster, who h.is a wide and extensive practice, and wlio is frequently called upon to give expert testimony on insanity cases. He has made a special study of various kinds of mental derangement, and has been so placed in his professional work and career that he has had fine opportunities to become conver- sant With tbis branch of disease. For a year he was resident physician in the Insane Asylum and Alms House of the county, and in September, 1890, was appointed Superintendent in charge of the Hospital and Insane Asylum, which position he held until New Year's Da^- of 1893, when he re- signed to engage in private practice, and since that time has had his office at No. 32 North Prince Street. Dr. Kline was born in the town of Union De- posit, Dauphin County, Ma^' 23, 1863, and his fa- ther, whose Christian name was Henry, was a na- tive of Manheim, Lancaster County. His paternal grandfather, Jacob Kline, was an agriculturist of Dauphin County and also of this county. He was a member of the United Brethren Church, in the faith of which he died in 1879, aged eighty-one years. Henry Kline was a stock dealer, and was the owner of a farm in P^ast Hanover Township, Dauphin County. He died in October, 1893, of typhoid fever, at the age of sixty-three years. In his political faith he was a Democrat, as are all his sons with the exception of our subject, who has been a Republican since casting his first vote. The Doctor's mother bore the maiden name of Ellen L. Keller, and she was born and reared near PORTRAIT AM) IJIOOHAIMMCAL RECORD. 499 Union Depasit, Dauphin Countj', being the daugh- ter c>f Michael Keller, who was born in the same locality, and was a farmer by occupation. Her brothers, Drs. D. C. and II. K. Keller, were prac- ticing physicians at Union Deposit for fortj'-nine and twenty-six years respectively. Mrs. Kline be- came the mother of six children, all hut one of whom are still living. George K. is a teacher in Grantville, Pa.; Harry S. is a stock dealer and resi- dent of SliellsviUe, Pa.; Sadie, who lives in Ann- ville, this state, is the wife of Albert Irabodcn. and Milton C. makes his home in Palmyra, Lebanon Count}', in which town the mother is now living, being in her sixtj'-third year. The boyhood of Dr. Kline w.is passed on the farm where he was born, and he received limited advantages in the common schools. From his twelfth year he was for six jears a stock dealer, being almost constantly in the saddle. He then attended the Normal School at Annville for one term, after which he took an examination <>iven 1)3' the County Superintendent at Jlilton, and was one of seven out of a class of seventeen that were awarded certificates. He taught school for the next three years, and during this time also took a course in penmanship at Michaels' Business Col- lege near Delaware, Ohio. Afterward he studied medicine with his two maternal uncles, and in 1886 entered Jefferson Medical College, from which two years later he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He is truly self-made, owing his education almost entirely to his perseverance and determination. He worked his own viay through college, starting with a sum of ¥50, and great credit is due him for his enterprise. On first commencing his practice he was associated with Dr. Blough for six months in Elizabethtown, Lan- caster County, and then for a year was at May- town. The position of resident physician at the Lancaster County Hospital then being open, he was one of twelve applicants, and was appointed to the place in October, 1889, serving until Sep- tember of the next year, when he was made Super- intendent of the Hospital and Insane Asylum. .January 1, 189.3, he resigned that place to engage in general practice, and has built up a large client- age in this city. He belongs to the Lancaster City and County Medical Societies, to the Pathological Society of Lancaster, of which he is a charter mem- ber, and is also identified with the State and Amer- ican Medical Associations. November 14, 1893, Dr. Kline was married in Elizabethtown to Miss Jennie M., daughter of Dr. II. K. Blough, who at one time was a member of the Stale Legislaluie. Mrs. Kline was born in Elizabethtown, and is a member of the United Brethren Church. In the spring of 1893 Dr. Kline was appointed lleallli Commissioner, and is an executive ollicer on the Board. He belongs to the Young Men's and Citizens' Republican Clubs, and is one of the leading young men of iiis party in this place. He is also a member of the .luiiior Order United American Mechanics, and of all the Masonic bodies in the city. G= -^^ (^ "TL' AMUKL M. SELDOMRIDGE is one of the most prominent residents of Lancaster County and is at present engaged in the mercantile business at Farmersville, of which place he is also Postmaster. He has been prominent in political circles his entire life and the incumbent of important positions for over thirty-live years. He is the son of Saimiel and Elizabeth C. (Weiler) Seldomridge, and was born in what is now known as the Jacob Musser farm, near Bird in Hand, December 17, 1831. The Seidomridges were among the original set- tlers of this county. Andrew Zeltonrich, as the name was first spelled, was one of the sturdy, lib- ertj' loving sons of Switzerland, and emigrated to America in 1735. He immediately located in Pennsylvania and took a land warrant for two hundred and fourteen and one-half acres of land lying in Earl and Leacoclc Townships. He died in 1760, leaving a son and daughter, George and Eve. The original Seldomridge was a member of the Reformed Church and was instrumental in the 500 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. organization of that denomination in Earl Town- ship. George Seldom ridge, after the death of his fa- ther, continued to occupy the old homestead, and from him is descended a large number of Lancas- ter County's most thrifty and successful farmers. Members of the family are living, some in Vir- ginia, others in Ohio, Indiana and other parts of the west. Samuel M. Seldomridge, the subject of this sketch, spent his boyhood andyouth on a farm and obtained his education in the schools of the neigh- borhood. When a lad of fifteen years he left home, his only capital being strong hands and will- ingness to work. His first employment was in the store of J. L. & L. S. Robinson, of Intercourse, re- ceiving as his salary $40 per year. In 1848, when Messrs. Robinson sold their establishment to B. F. Hall, young Seldomridge was retained as clerk, continuing in that eap.acity until 1856. In the above year our subject was married to Miss Sarah, daughter of Daniel Soope, a well-to-do agricultur- ist of Upper Leacoek Township, and the following year purchased a store from Isaac Roland located in Earlville. This he carried on successfully for two 3'ears, when he saw a good opening in Far- mersville and removed hither, and now has one of the best equipped stores in this portion of the county and is doing a large and paying biisinests. The store which he occupies is a three story struct- ure, 32x80 feet in dimensions, and is stocked with a full line of general merchandise, such as sells readily in both village and country homes. He does about ^^36,000 worth of business annually, and in addition to handling dry goods and grocer- ies, is an extensive packer of leaf tobacco, in which branch of business he has been engaged since 1878. During the war, knowing that prices would ad- ] vance, Mr. Seldomridge invested his surplus capi- tal in a large stock of goods, such as his experi- ence taught him would be in demand, and conse- quently realized a handsome profit on his money. He bears the reputation of (>aying the highest price for country produce, which he ships direct to New York, and as an honest, upright business man, he is greatly respected in his community. Mr. Seldom- ridge is disposed to look on the bright side of life, is joll}' and good natured, and aside from partici- pating in public affairs, gives his undivided time to his business interests. Our subject is a Republican in politics and has represented his party ou numerous occasions as a delegate to the varjous conventions. He is thor- oughly trusted in every department of business and has often been called upon to settle large es- tates. In 1858 he was elected Township Clerk, which office he has filled uninterruptedly ever since. In 1859, under James Buchanan, our subject was appointed Postmaster, and as in the other office, has been the incumbent of the position to the present time. Mr. Seldomridge was elected Director of the Farmers' National Bank of Lan- caster in 1877 and was made Vice-President in 1881. He is the possessor of several fine farms in the county, and with his family occupies a com- fortable home opposite his store. Samuel Seldomridge, Sr., father of our subject, was born in Leacoek Township and died in 1857, at the age of sixty-three years. He was an exten- sive farmer and one of the wealthy residents of that t()wnshi|), where he had hosts of warm friends. He was first a Whig in politics, but after the or- ganization of the Republican party, joined its ranks. The Baptist Cliurcli found in him one of its most valued members, and ail worthy movements could count ou hissupport. He was twice married. By his union with Miss Sarah Clausen there were born two sons and a daughter: Jacob, George and Sarah, all deceased. His second wife, who bore the maiden name of Elizabeth C. Weiler, be- came the mother of seven children: Samuel M., of this sketch; .John, Levi, Christian, Isaac (deceased), Johanna and Elizabeth. The father enlisted .as a soldier in the War of 1812, but only got as far as Baltimore, Md., when he was honorably discharged. Andrew Seldomridge, grandfather of our subject, was the son of George and the grandson of the orig- inal Andrew Seldomridge. He too was a farmer of Leacoek Township and a member of the Re- formed Church. January 19, 1888, the original of this sketch was elected a delegate to the Republican National Convention, which met in the World's Fair City, and voted for Harrison first, last and all the time. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPmCAL RECORD. 501 August 25 of the same year he was made Chief Marslial of the hvrgest county convention ever lield in Lancaster County. March 5, 1856, our subject was married to Sarali Soope.and to them were born fouri'hildren: Harry C, a prosperous merchant of Rotlisville, this coun- ty; Cliarles E., in business with his father; Mor- gan Rufus, also in the store, and Lillic M., at home. ^^K^ J GUST ZOOK has had a very successful ca- reer since establishing liiniself in the tobacco business in Lancaster, and now has one of tlie largest establishments in the county. He is clever, liberal and enterprising, and is pos- sessed of good business ability. He has a good lo- cation and is undoubtedly one of the most pros- perous dealers here. He is also a Director in the Lancaster Trust Company, and as will be seen, is self-made both as to education and linances. The great-grandfather of our subject, Moritz Zug, as the name w.is then spelled, emigrated from the canton of Zug, in Switzerland, to the United States, accompanied by his two brothers. Christian and Johannas. The}' arrived in the cil}' of Phila- delphia September 21, 1742, in the ship "Francis -^^<^ DR. HENRY A. MOWERY is one of the representative citizens of Marietta, where he enjoys a large and lucrative practice. He is identified with the Lancaster Citj^and Coun- tj' Medical Societies and with the State and Ameri- can Medical Associations, besides Union Societies of Pennsylvania and Maryland. He is an ardent Re- publican and in the interests of education has served as School Director. Dr. Mowery is a son of Adam and Susan (Zercher) Mowery. His paternal grandfather, Hen- ry, was born in 1775 in Lampeter Township, and PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 509 was of German ancestry. He never went to school, but after reaching manhood learned the rudiments of an education by his own efforts. He was a farmer, and during his last years owned and car- ried on a tract of land in Strasburg Townshii). on which place our subject was born. Grandfather Mowery was twice married, and b3' his first union had the following children: Raltzer, Susan, Ben- jamin, George, Anna, Mary and Henry. By his second wife, Anna, he had eight children, Martin, Philip, Samuel. Daniel, Abraham, .\dam, .Jacob and Emauuei. The mother of these children died at the age of sixty-nine years as the result of an ac- cident, and her husband died wiien in his eighty- seventh year. He was a Republican and in relig- ion was a Lutheran. Adam Mowery was born in West Lampeter Township near .Strasburg and there received his elementary schooling. He was reared to agricul- tural duties and became the owner of a farm com- prising thirty acres. For twelve years he has served as a School Director and is a Republican. At the present time he is a Trustee of the Stras- burg Methodist Episcopal Church, to which he belongs. He is the father of five children, as fol- lows: Henry A.; Anna, wife of II. G. Book, of Parksburg, Chester County, this state, and a con- ve3'ancer of deeds; Amanda, Mi-s. Lefever, of West Lampeter Township; Aldus J., a telegraph operator in Lancaster, and Adam C, whose home is in Iowa. The Doctor, whose name heads this article, was born April 14, 1849, at Strasburg and in his bo}'- hood attended the district schools of that town- ship. His higher studies were pursued in the Academ}' of Strasburg and in the Millersville State Normal School. Subsequent!}- he taught school for eight terras in Strasburg and Lampeter Town- ship, and then for two j'ears was a clerk in the First National Bank of Strasburg. In 1876 he took up the study of medicine under Jacob L. Mowery, a practicing physician of Manor Town- ship at this writing. This gentleman received his elementar\- training under the supervision of our subject, who induced him to study medicine, which advice he followed. Thus in turn he received tutelage in medicine under his former piqiil. In 1881 our subject took up his medical practice at Akron, this county, where he remained onlj' a short time. In the fall of 1881 he came to Mari- etta, which has since been his field of work, and he li.as met with much encouragement and gratifying success in this place. September 5, 1872, Dr. Mowery married Miss Bella Weaver, and they have become the parents of two children, J. Norris and Harold W. Mrs. Moweiy is a daughter of .Josiah G. Weaver, a plasterer and contractor and one of the representa- tive farmers of Adams County, Pa. Dr. Mowery is a member of the Presbyterian Church and fra- ternally is a Mason, belonging to Ashara Lodge No. 398 of Marietta. PROF. .lOHN H. HALDEMAN, of Marietta, for over a quarter of a century has been prominent in educational aflfairs, having been connected with the Westfleld (Mass.) Nor- mal School for about that length of time. He has also been a member of the American Institute of Instruction, for a number of j'ears was President of the Ham|)ton County Teachers' Association, and w.as President of the Alumni Association of West- field for three years. His services have often been called upon in institute work, in which he has been particularly successful. In 1892 he assisted in or- ganizing the Marietta Gravity Water Company, to the Presidency of which he was at once elected, and is still acting in that capacity'. The Haldeman family have been residents of Lancaster County for two or three generations, and originated in Switzerland, as did also the Shissler family on the maternal side. Solomon Haldeman, our subject's father, was born at Locust Grove, Conoy Township. He was a miller by occupation, and a public spirited and very charitable man. In public schools and educational affairs he took great interest, and served as School Director for a num- ber of terms. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican, and at various times held local 510 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. oflBces. He married ElizabetL Shissler, by whom he had six children; two died in infanc3%and a daugh- ter, Elizabeth, has also passed away. Those living are John H.; Levi, a member of the dry goods firm of Spanger, Haldeman & Co., and Mary, wife of H. C. Fahs, of Elizabethtown, Pa. The birth of John H. Haldeman occurred De- cember 23, 1835, in Conoy Township, this county. He was reared to manhood at Bainbridge, deriving his education from the public schools of Conoy Township, Millersville Normal and the State Nor- mal at Westfield, Mass. Prior to his graduation from the latter institution, he taught school for several terms and also learned the printer's trade at Lancaster, Pa., under Edvvard McPherson, who afterwards became C'lerk in the House of Repre- sentatives. After finishing his studies at West- field he was offered the chair of mathematics in the same school and there remained for some time. Going to Montreal he next established a school for boys in connection with Fredric Haight, of that city. At the end of a year, however, he returned to his Alma Mater, Westfleld Normal, being called to take charge of the School of Observation, with which he was connected for nearly twenty-five years. During this period he was foremost in the educational enterprises of the locality, and revised the "Language Lessons," published b}- D. C. Heath & Co. After his father-in-law's death he was made executor of his estate, this being in 1889, and for that reason he returned to Lancaster County. Much of his time for the past five years has been taken up with this work, and during the intervals of business he has perfected a number of inven- tions. Among others he has patented an automatic fire draft (for regulating the draft of a furnace or heating apparatus), which is on the market and finds rc-idy sale. He is also the inventor of a self- locking bolt and nut, which is considered the finest thing of the kind ever constructed. In November, 1876, Mr. Haldeman married Emma V. Collins. She is a daughter of Abram Collins, of Marietta, a well-to-do merchant and formerly for many years President of the First Na- tional Bank. Mrs. Haldeman is a graduate of St. Joseph's Academy at Emmetsburg, Md., and is a lady of rare culture and accomplishments, Mr. and Mrs. Haldeman have one child, a son, Paul, who is pursuing his studies in the high school. Politically Mr. Haldeman is a Republican, inter- ested in the success of his part}', but has never been a politician in the sense of office seeking. He is a member of the Mas(>nic fraternity, being identi- fied with Mt. Moriah Lodge of Westfield, Mass. He and his estimable wife are members of the Con- gregational Church and are active in all good works. In his early manhood Mr. Haldeman spent a 3'ear in Indiana and a similar length of time in Illinois, and during Morgan's raid his services were brought into requisition in helping to defend Indianapolis. W(^ "Jh^ - ^ig..a^.§r^ -^cd to defend. January 12, 1869, our subject was united in marriage with Miss Eliza, a daughter of Joseph and Esther Sauder. Five children blessed this union: Emma, who is deceased; Ella, Sadie, Mary and Iva Belle. In politics he is a Prohibition- ist, and is a worker in the noble cause of temper- ance. He, with his excellent family, occupies a high social position, and they are numbered among the best citizens of Rowenna and vicinity. JOSEPH K. HALL, junior member of the firm of Stoner & Hall, is engaged in the hardware business in Columbia. He is the son of Henry L. and Anna (Kuhns) Hall and was born October 13, 1845, at Landisville, Pa. His paternal grandfather, Henry Hall, or as the name was originally spelled, "Hull," was the owner of several merchant vessels and was a man of good financial standing. He came to the United States when twenty years of age and made his home in Pennsylvania, where he departed this life about thirty-five years ago. The father of our subject was the eldest of the parental family of five chil- dren, his brothers and sisters being Joseph, John Jacob, Emanuel and Anna. He was born in Manor Township, Lancaster County, on a farm and is still living, making his home in West Hempfield Town- ship on a good estate near Ironville. In politics he is a stanch Democrat and a member in good standing of the Reformed Church. He was mar- ried twice, and by bis first wife. Miss Susan Shultz, became the father of three children: Jlary, Bar- bara and Aaron. His union with Miss Kuhns re- sulted in the birth of nine children, named re- spectively: Henry, Frank, Benjamin, Mary, Joseph K., Susan, Anna, Noah and Phares. The original of this sketch received his educa- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 531 tion in the district schools of Manor Township, carrying on liis studies until nineteen years of age. After tliat lie w.is eniploye(l for ahout twelve years with man}' of the business firms of Colum- bia, and in May, 1890, entered into partnership with C. I). Stoncr, the firm name being Sloner & Hall. They have a fine establishment, three sto- ries in height and 40x160 feet in dimensions; they do an annual business amounting to ?:$0,000. He is well known in business and social circles in the city, where for so many years he has made his home, and in politics is a stanch Republican. He is a member of K.ppasop Lodge, No. 213, at Columbia. Religiously he belongs to tlie Reformed Church, with which he has been connected as one of its most active members for a period of ten years. The marriage of our subject with Miss Mar\', daugliter of .lohii Felger, was celebrated .laiiuarj' 20, 1877. To them have been born the following named four children: Nora, l$laneh, .Joseph and John. They are all being well educated and fitted to occupy useful and honorable positions in life. -^^l m\ JOHN H. MYERS. Lancaster County is the home of quite a number of men who were thrown upon their own resources at an early- age, and whose natural aptness and energy were strengthened by contact with the world, re- sulting iu making their lives more than ordinarily successful in wordly prosperit}' and in winning re- spect. Among this number is John H. Myers, of Bainbridge, who has won an honorable record as a state otticial and as a private citizen. He is at present holding the position of Sergeant at Arms of the Senate, to which office he was elected in 1893. Mr. Myers is the son of John and Catherine (Houck) Myers, and was born in Bainbiidge, De- cember 27, 1858. His father, who is a native of York Count}', this state, makes his home iu this place, among whose merchants he occupies a promi- nent place. He is the father of eight children, of whom Melissa is the wife of Hon. W. S. Smith, ex-Senator from Lancaster County, whose sketch will appear on another page in this work, aiaggie married Louis Uhlan d; Viola is the wife of S. B. Trimble; John II., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Kate maa-ried R. A. Hammond; Emma was married to George Embick; Carrie died at the age of three years, and Grace A., the young- est, became Mrs. Omer Bachman. The original of this sketch alteiided school in his native pLace until a lad of fourteen years, when he went to Marietta and began clerking in a store. He remained there but a short time, however, when he returned home and commenced clerking in a store in this place. Several years thereafter, he entered the establishment of Senator Smith, his brother-in-law, remaining in his employ for four vears. His next occupation was as traveling sales- man for J. C. Y'ost ct Co., of Philadelphia, in whose interests he worked for twelve months. He then embarked in the bottling business at Bainbridge, under the firm name of Doyle & Myers. The senior member withdrew in 1880, since which time our subject has carried on the enterprise alone. He has an extensive trade, running three wagons and shipping to points in Y'ork, Dauphin and Lan- caster Counties, also to Philadelphia. In 1891 Mr. Myers was elected Transcribing Clerk in the Senate at Harrisburg, and in 1893 was appointed Sergeant at Arms. He is a Director in the Elizabcthtown National Bank, established in that place, which institution he aided in organ- izing, and is also Director in the Bainbridge Ceme- terj' Company. He is the possessor of a fine farm of ninety-two acres, located one mile from the city, to whose operation he gives his personal super- vision. Socially, Mr. Myers belongs to Bainbridge Coun- cil No. 231, A. O. U. W.; Bainbridge Lodge No. 627, I. O. O. F.; Ashara Lodge No. 398, F. & A. M., and Corinthian Chapter No. 224 and Cyrene Com- mandery No. 34, at Columbia. He is very active in these respective orders and has filled many of the chairs in the same. The marriage of our subject with Miss Jennie, daughter of Bernard Doj'le, was celebrated Febru- 532 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ary 9, 1879. Their union has been blessed by the birth of two ciiildren: Bernard Joy and Nellie J., the latter of whom died in 1890, at the age of four years. Mr. Myers is a thorough business man, and being a genial, affable gentleman, is very popular throughout the entire county. 0 JACOB HALBACH. Among the popular and well-to-do citizens of Lancaster is this gentle- man, whose birth occurred within its limits in 1838, and whose life from boyhood has been passed almost uninterruptedly in this place. At the present time he is Alderman from the Sec- ond Ward, and is Secretary of the City Board of Health. A very active Republican, he is highly esteemed by the other workers in the party, and for a year, in 1883, was Chairman of the City Com- mittee, in addition to which he has served on the Executive Committee. During the late War of the Rebellion he shouldered the rifle and went forth to do valiant service in the defense of the Union. Under President Grant's administration he was Clerk in the Postofflce in Lancaster, and for thir- teen years was Superintendent of the City Water Works. The paternal grandfather of our subject was John P. Halbach, a native of Germany, who left the Fatherland and located in Lancaster on coming to the New World, and in time was the owner of considerable property. His son, Gotlieb, the father of our subject, was brought by his parents to the United States when only two years old. His birth occurred in Remshlid, Germany, and on attaining suitable years he was set to work at learning the shoemaker's trade. For years thereafter, he oper- ated a successful business as a boot and shoe man in Lancaster, where his death occurred when he had reached the age of fifty-two years. Religiously he was a member of the German Reformed Church. On choosing his helpmate for life, he married Miss Mary Wilhelm, who was born in Lancaster, being the daughter of one of its pioneers and respected citizens, John Wilhelm. Seven children resulted from this marriage, and of that number two sons and two daughters are now living. Will- iam A. enlisted in Company C, Seventy-ninth Pennsylv.inia Regiment, and was killed in the first battle of Perryville, during the War of the Rebel- lion. The devoted wife and mother departed this life in Lancaster about 1851, leaving many warm friends to mouru her loss. Jacob Halbach is next to the youngest child in his parents' family and spent his boyhood in at- tendance on the public schools of Lancaster. When his mother died, which event occurred when he was onl}' thirteen years of age, he was apprenticed to learn the blacksmith's trade in the Lancaster Loco- motive Works. When they closed he went to Philadelphia and for a year worked for I. P. Mor- ris & Co. Subsequently he was employed at other points and then returned to work in the Lancaster Locomotive Works, where he was at the time of the breaking out of the war. In 1862 he enlisted as a member of Company H, One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania Regiment, in the nine months' service, and was at once sent to the south. After participating in important battles at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, as well as in engagements of minor consequence, he was mus- tered out, and in the year 1864 re-enlisted, being assigned to Company C, One Hundred and Ninety- seventh Pennsj'lvania Infantry, as First Sergeant. Being sent to Rock Island, 111., he was placed on guard duty until November of the sanje year, when he was finally mustered out of service. Subsequently Mr. Halbach continued at his trade in the locomotive works of Lancaster, and also turned his attention to various other enterprises for several years. For two years he was Clerk of the Postofflce and afterwards was Superintendent of the water works, during which time the new pumping station was erected. In 1888 he was elected on the Republican ticket as Alderman and was re-elected in the spring of 1893. His business office IS at the corner of Grant and North Duke Streets, while his residence is situated at No. Ill North Plum Street. In 1865 in this city occurred the union of Mr. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPfflCAL RECORIX 533 Ilalhach and Emma J. St. Clair, a native of this county, as was also ber father, .lohn .St. Clair. To our worthy subject and his wife were born the following children: Harry L., a tinsmith by trade; Charles, vvho is a machinist; .Jay Howard, a plumber, and Frank Perrj- and Clarence, who are at school. Fraternally Mr. Halbach belongs to Lodge No. 476, F. i- A. M., and is a Ro^'al Arch Mason and a Knight Templar. He also belongs to George H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. As a member of the Board of Health, all records of contagious and other diseases, as well as births and deaths in the city, are recorded at his office and he keeps charge of the records. In religion he is a member of the Reformed Church, and active in its welfare. Be- ing pleasant and genial in his manners he is per- sonally very well liked b3-all. (Tpr HRAHAM H. SHKNCK, proprietor of the / — \ Union Roller Mills near Salunga, suc- ceeded his father in this business in 1873 and has since conducted it efficiently and in such a manner as to secure fair pecuniary returns. In 1891 the mills were improved by the introduction of a full set of improved machinery, and the an- nu.al sales now amount to *20,000. The products are of a superior quality and their reputation among buyers is such that they always find a ready market. Mr. Shenck has been a lifelong resident of Lan- cister Count}'. He was born in Rapho Township, this county, March 4, 1845, the eldest child of Henry and Mary (Heistand) Shenck. His paternal gi'andfather, .Jonathan Shenck, was a very pros- perous miller, distiller and farmer of this section, and being a shrewd business man met with success in his enterprises. The products of his farm, mill and distillery were hauled with teums to Philadel- phia and Baltimore, where they were disposed of at fair [irices. At his death his son John succeeded to the business and carried it on until 1844, when Henry Shenck bought the propert}- and plants. Grandfather Shenck married Miss Barbara Herr, sister of the late "King" Christian Herr. She died in 1863, at the age of eighty-five 3-ears. Their I children, three in number, were John, deceased; Fannie, the deceased wife of Joseph Hougendobler, who is engaged in the nursery business in Mt. Jo}', Lancaster County; and Henrj% our subject's father. The last named was born in Rapho Township, Jan- uary 18, 1819, and received his education in the Lititz Academy, eonducteil by Prof. John Becks. After completing his studies he clerked for a year in a store at Mt. Joj', and was similarly engaged in Philadelphia for the same length of time. On returning to Rapho Township he engaged in farm- ing until 1843, when he succeeded his brother John in the milling business. This he carried on in ad- dition to superintending the management of his farm until 1873, when he retired from business, and taking up his residence in Salunga has since made that place his home. He still owns the farm in Rapho Township, which comprises one hundred and twentj' .icres. For a number of years he was a large stockholder and Director in the Lancaster County Bank and was interested in various other important enterprises in the citj'. In politics he is a Republican and for several ^-ears served as a member of the School Board. In 1843 Ilenr^' Shenck married a daughter of Andrew Heistand, a prominent and well-to-do farmer living near Marietta, this state. They be- came the parents of two sons and one daughter, namely-: Abraham H., the eldest horn; Barbara, wife of Jacob Weis, of Lebanon, Pa., and Henry Franklin, who died in Chama, N. Mex., February 2(i, 1882. The wife and mother passed away Feb- ruary 14, 1894, greatly mourned, not alone by her family, but also by all by whom she was known. She was a true Christian in every sense of the word, and was devoted to the welfare of her hus- band and children. With the exception of the time spent in school, the subject of this article remained on the home farm until attaining mature years. He first at- tended the common schools, afterward was a student in the Lititz Academj^ and completed his stud- ies in the Millersville State Normal. During the Civil War he enlisted for service, but on account of his youth his father objected. On returning home from school he remained a short time, then 534 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. IR M m" ~^ enlisted as an emergency man, going as far as Chambersburg with the troops. Later he became a member of Company D, Fiftieth Pennsylvania Infantry and remained with his regiment until honorably discharged at the close of the Rebellion. On returning home from tlie army Mr. Shenclc rented the old home farm, the cultivation of which he has since superintended in connection with his milling enterprise. By industrious and vrell di- rected efforts he has acquired a competence and is recognized as one of the leading business men of the township of East Herapfleld. February 22, 1869, he married Miss Ellen, daughter of Henry S. Hostetter, a farmer of Manheim Township. The two sons and three daughters born to tliem are: Harry, a clerk in Philadelphia; Frank, a student in the schools of Bethlehem; and Edith, Mary and Ruth, wlio are with their parents. In social affairs Mr. Shenck belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., also the Commandery and Prefect Lodge. He is an ardent Republican in his politi- cal belief and has served for three terms on the School Board. WILLIAM J. SMITH, late Superintendent of the Lancaster City Water Works, acquitted himself in that position to the entire satisfaction of those concerned and has won the approval of his fellow-citizens in a high degree. He is a practical machinist and plumber and at the same time completed a set of books in connection with the water department, which are models in detail and the best report ever gotten up by any one here in this position. He inaugu- rated many reforms and systematized the various branches of work in a very ingenious style. Dur- ing the last year, ending in April, 1894, the in- come of the water department showed an increase over the preceding year of $15,867.06, and thus it will be readily seen how exactly and mathematic- ally accurate are his reports and how good has been his supervision. Mr. Smith was born in Strasburg Township, Au- gust 1, 1851, on the old Strasburg Pike. His pa- ternal grandfather, John Smith, of English descent, was one of the early settlers on the Conestoga Creek and operated a farm in Lampeter Township. Our subject's father, John R., was also born in Lancaster County and was a railroad and road contractor, and after a long and busy life died in 1891. He contracted for and built four miles of the Lititz Pike, and also did much other work on streets and railroads in tlie county and state. His home was on Chester Street in Lancaster and he was elected at one time as an Alderman from the Seventh Ward, being the first Republican elected from that locality, bat he handed in his resigna- tion at the end of two years. He was a valiant soldier of the late civil conflict, having enlisted in the spring of 1861 in Company' E, Fifty-third Pennsylvania Infantry, which was assigned to the Second Army Corps. From the ranks he was pro- moted to be First Sergeant, and during the last year of bis service was in command of a company as Captain, although never commissioned. While participating iu an engagement he was shot through the knee and his leg had to be amputated. In ad- dition to this he had also received previously a number of more or less serious injuries and for the remainder of his life was obliged to wear an arti- ficial leg. He was a member of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Association, of the Union Veteran Legion and of George H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. In religious belief he was a Lutheran, to which de- nomination his wife also belonged. Her maiden name was Julia Burns, and her birth occurred in this city. Her father, Christopher Burns, was also a native of this locality and followed agricul- tural pursuits. Mrs. Smith died March 29, 1882, and three of her six children are still living. Their marriage occurred in 1850. The education of William J. Smith was obtained in the city public schools and he was apprenticed under Dener & Schaun in 1867. With that firm he remained for four years and ten months, and in JACOB HILDEBRAND. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 537 1871 went to PhiladelphiajWbere he was made fore- man for Thomas Burns in his shop at Tenth and Soiilli Streets, holding that post for a year, when he took charge of another shop on Columbia Ave- nue and Kider Street for Thomas Fleming. Feb- ruary 10, 1873, Mr. Smith returned to tliiscity and started in business as a member of the firm of A. J. Cogley it Smith, plumbers, gas fittei-s, tinware and stove merchants. Mr. Cogley took charge of the last mentioned branch, while our subject de- voted his attention to ])lumbing and gas fitting. Until 188H tiieir headquarters were k)eated at No. 236 North Queen Street, and at tiiat time Mr. Smith bought out his [lartner's interest and located at 219, i North t^iieen Slieot, where lie follows plumb- ing and gas fitting exclusively, lie has an excel- lent trade and has been given the largest plumb- ing and steam and gas lilting contracts in the cil^', keeping upwards of fifteen men constantly bus^'. Mr. Smith has also taken cfintracts for laying water pipes for a number of years, and owing to his experience it seemed that he was the man for the position of Superintendent of the City Water Works, to which place he was elected April 3, 1893, by the City Council. The water works have a capacity of twenty million cubic feet, the three pumps having a capacity respectively of ten mil- lion, six million and four million cubic feet per twenty-four hours. Mr. Smith was one of the Di- rectors of the People's Building and Lc'an Asso- ciation for seven years, and administered his fa- ther's estate. In 1873 occurred the marriage of our subject and Miss Emma Keller, by whom he has had three children. Bertha, John R. and Maiy E. Mrs. Smith was born in Lancaster, being a daughter of Jacob Keller, whose death occurred in this place. The home of the Smith family is a pleasant one located at No. 124 Chester Street, and they also own the adjoining residence. For about eight years Mr. Smith has been a prominent member and Trustee in the Lancaster Scliutsen Verein or Sharp Shooters. Socially he belongs to Conestoga Lodge No. 22, Jr. O. U. A. M. and is Past Counselor of Lodge No. 8, Sr. O. U. A. M. With the Order of Red Men he is a Past Officer and several times rep- resented his lodge in the Grand Council. More- over he is a Knight of Pythias, belonging to Lan- caster Lodge No. 68. In politics he is a Republi- can in the truest sense of the term. Mrs. Smith holds membership with Zion's Lutheran Church, while her husband belongs to the Trinity Lutheran Congregation. •¥t4» JACOB IIILDEBRAND, a prosperous resident of Stiasburg, was elected to the position of Justice of the Peace thirty-four years ago and has held the same position ever since. He represents a number of reliable insurance companies and has a lucrative business in this place. Atdif- ferent times he has been elected on the Republican ticket to local positions of honor and trust. He was County Surveyor for three and a-half years and has frequently been Chief Burgess of this borough. Jacob Hildebrand, our subject's father, was a farmer of Lancaster County and at the time of T.he birth of Jacob, Jr., owned a |)lace in East Hempfield Township. During the last years of his life he gave up agricultural pursuits to an extent and followed the butchering business. He participated as a soldier in the War of 1812 and was a lifelong Democrat. He married Miss Mary Heiny and their union was blessed with nine children: John, deceased; Jacob, Jr.; Elizabeth (Mrs. Wiker); Henry D.; James; Susan, who became the wife of Dr. Ken- dig; Hoover H.; Luoisa (Mrs. Eager); and Ella, who became the wife of Samuel Kendig. In the year 1822 occurred the birth of Jacob Hildebrand, our subject, in East Hempfield Town- ship, Lancaster County. His education was ob- tained in the public schools of Paradise, which he attended more or less until fourteen years of age. He was thrown upon his own resources at the early age of eight years and learned the carpenter's trade and cabinet-making, which he followed until 1852. For the four succeeding years he was en- gaged in the mercantile business and next turned his attention to surveying and conveyancing. 538 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. After eight years thus spent he was elected Justice of the Peace and during the long time that has since elapsed has been thus employed. Fraternally Mr. Hildebrand is a member of Strasburg Lodge No. 361, L O. 0. F.,and has passed through all the chairs. He has represented his own lodge in the Grand Lodge a number of years and has been Secretary of the same for over four dec- ades. One of the strong workers and members of the Methodist Episcopal Church of this place, he has served in the capacity of Trustee and Steward since 1862. November 16, 1847, Mr. Hildebrand was married in Strasburg to Miss Elizabeth Speihlman. The lady was born in Strasburg and received a good education. By her marriage she has become the mother of ten children, four sons and six daugh- ters, namely: Elizabeth, who married Finly Eliott; Mary E.; William W.; Millard F.; Ella S. (Mrs. Daugherty; John R.; OUie; Laura K. (Mrs. Kem- erly); Sallie B. (Mrs. Goodman), and J. Ross. JACOB C. STONER is engaged in general far- ming pursuits in West Hempfield Town- ship. He is the son of Christian and Martha (Wertz) Stoner, and was born July 26, 1832, in Manor Township, the above county. The father of our subject was also a native of that township, where he farmed for a time, and later was the pro- prietor of the Green Tree Hotel, on the Washing- ton and Millersville Road in Manor Township, where he spent his entire life. In politics he was a supporter of Republican principles after the or- ganization of the party. The parental family of our subject included eight children, of whom Jacob C. was the youngest born. The husband and father departed tliis life in 1835, at the age of thirty-nine years, while his good wife survived him until 1864, when she also passed away, in the eighty-third year of her age. The original of this sketch acquired a good edu- cation in the schools near his home and remained under the parental roof until a year prior to attain- ing his majority, when he started out to battle life on his own account, first engaging in buying and selling cattle, and was thus occupied for the four years following. On the expiration of that time he began dealing in lumber and at the same time superintended the operations of a farm in Manor Township. He filled large contracts in lumber, and later owned a yard in Columbia, and was also interested in a sleara sawmill at Washington Bor- ough. He gave employment to about fifty men in this enterprise and conducted a very profitable trade until 1874, when he disijosed of his interests in that line. In the spring of 1877 Mr. Stoner purchased an- other tract of land which he worked hard to place under good improvement. This consisted of a quarter-section, and here he devoted his time to general farming pursuits. Later he began operating stone quarries in the neighborhood, and selling his home place to the East Columbia Land Company, he is now operating the farm for the land com- pany. In politics our subject is a true blue Republican and socially is a Mason, belonging to Comniandery No. 34. He was married March 2, 1858, to Miss Emma M., daughter of Benjamin T. Davis, of West Hempfield Township. Their three children bear the respective names of Jessie F., Elsie D. and Clarence D. The first named is the wife of Charles L Marshall, a banker of Everett, Washington State. The wife and mother departed this life August 11, 1891. She was a most estimable lady, and her death was greatly lamented by many relatives and friends. ' ^^^ ^^ P ' AMUEL L. WEAVER, one of the reliable business men and citizens of Ephrata, has for the past eleven years been engaged in the hardware business. The building which he oc- cupies is 20x55 feet in dimensions and two stories in height and he keeps a full line of goods usually found in well equipped hardware stores. He comes PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 539 from one of the respected old families of Earl Township, of this county, and his paternal grand- father, Sanuiel, who was a slioeraaker by trade, car- ried on an extensive farm in that vicinity. Polit- ically he was a Whig, and was a member of the Mennonite Church. His father was a native of Germany, and came to the United States before the Revolutionary War. By his marriage to a Miss Eby, Samuel Weaver had the following children: Moses, Abram, Marj^ Esther, Nancy, Elizabeth, and Samuel E. He died wlien he had attained the ripe old age of seventy' ^-ears. Our subject's father, Samuel E., was born in Earl Townshii). and followed farming as a means of ob- taining ills livelihood. lie married Elizabeth Landis, wlio bore him five children: Mar}' A., Eli, Benjamin, .Joiin, and Sanuiel L., only two of whom are living. The father died in 1865, aged forty-nine years, but his wife is still surviving. He was first a Whig and later a Republican, and like his father held membership with the Mennonite Church. The birth of Samuel L. Weaver occurred De- cember 11, IS.")!, in Earl Township, and in the schools of that locality he received his education, lie remained on the old homestead until he was married, when he embarked in the milling business in West Lampeter Township, and operated the Landis Mills for the next four years. Afterwards be followed farming for five j^ears in Ephrata Township, on the property of his father-in-law, after which for a like period of time he conducted a farm of his own. In .lanuary, 1884, he started in the hardware business as a member of the firm of Messner, Getz & Weaver, and in 1892 succeeded to the whole business. In November, 1874, Mr. Weaver married Rebecca Mohler, daughter of John L. Mohler, of Ephrata Township. She became the mother of three chil- dren: Horace Walter, Ella Elizabeth, and John Barton. April 15, 1887, she was summoned by death from her home, being then only thirty-three j'ears of age. Mr. Weaver owns a farm in Ephrata Township in addition to his business, and has been very successful in his financial undertakings. For six years he has been a Director of the Penn Town- ship Mutual Fire Insurance Company. Politically he uses his ballot in favor of the Republican party, and fraternally is a member of Ephrata Lodge No. 406, I. O. O. F., and of Manheim Lodge No. 587, F. & A. M. :^)^(^ THE FRY F.\MTLY. As this is one of the most inlluential and popular families of Lancaster, as well as one of the first rep- resented in Pennsylvania, some account of the genealogy will be of interest to our readers. The founder of the family in America was Henry Fry, a native of Althoim, Alsace, who crossed the At- lantic and settled in Pennsylvania before the ad- vent of William Penn. The "Halliche Machrich- ten," published in this state as early as 1744, states that Henry Fry with several associates came to Pennsylvania and settled here before the time of Penn, probably between 1675 and 1680. He was accompanied by Wigert Levering, Jacob Reeff and a third party whose name is unknown. The friends settled as "squatters" on a broad huckleberry plain between what is now German- town and Roxborough. As the climate was de- lightful, and fish and game were abundant, they enjoyed their novel life in America. After a time Reeflf returned and was married, bringing with him to America his 3'oung wife, also the family of Mr. Levering. Henry Frj' remained a bachelor until one of Mr. Levering's daughters became a young lady, when they were married, April 26, 1692. Their wedding was solemnized in the old log meet- ing house that had been constructed by the origi- nal settlers of that district. Nine children were born of this union, of whom it is known positively that six attained mature years. Jacob remained at home and took care of his aged father, but his two brothers removed to the older state of Virginia and settled there. There were three daughters, Elizabeth, Rebecca and Amelia. Near the site of the present city of Roxborough, now a part of Philadelphia, the father acquired large landed possessions, including a tract of twelve 540 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. liundred and fifty acres of partly improved land. Dotted here and there upon the sunny slope of tiie mountain, and beside the river banks, were the wigwams of the Indians, and in one of their villages lived a celebrated Indian chief. Amid these primeval surroundings Henry Fry continued to reside until his death; his body was buried in a private burial ground near the old home. As above stated he had six children who attained ma- turity, namely: Jacob, John and William; Eliza- beth, who married Dr. John Miller, of Frederick; Amelia, wife of Frederick Leinbach; and Rebecca. The other children died when young. As time passed by, the descendants of the origi- nal pioneer gradually moved up the Schuylkill Valley to Wilkes Barre. One of their number, Martin, came from Berks County, and settled in Lancaster County before the War of the Revolu- tion, establishing his home in Cocalico Township. He was born in 1726, and died in 1806. Twice married, his first wife, Hannah, bore him two chil- dren, namely: John Martin Fry, Jr., who was born in 1754 and died in 1832; and Mrs. Margaret Frankhouser. By his second wife, who was a Miss Beck, he had the following named children: Sus- anna; Mrs. Regnia Kegerise; Mrs. Eve Rote; Eliza- beth, who married George Radel, and went to Canada; Catherine, Mrs. Adam Hoe; Mrs. Mary Furnsler; Mrs. Dorothy Heft, and Mrs. Catherine Breidenstein. John Martin Fry, Jr., married Catherine Kapp, of Lebanon Count}', and they became the parents of six children, namely: Martin; John, who mar- ried Christiana Long; Peter; Jacob, who married Sarah Garman; Mary, who married J. Bricker; and Margaret, who became the wife of Jacob Bentz, of Clay Township. In 1784 John Martin moved to what is now Fry's Mill in Ephrata Township, and here he engaged in the milling business, operating a mill which is still in the possession of the family. He died at the home place, and is buried at the Berg Strasse Church. Peter Fry married Sarah Hauck, and in 1805 settled in the vicinity of Shippensburg, Pa., but in 1821 returned to Lancaster County, where he died three years later. His children were Mary, who married Dr. Seuseman; Curtis; Jacob, who married Eliza Herb, followed the trade of a blacksmith in Clay Township, and accumulated a large estate; Daniel; Eliza, wife of L. Bricker; Samuel; George and Isaac, who died without leaving families; and Peter, who died in 1882, leaving three daughters and four sons, Peter, David A., Aaron A. and John A., the latter Postmaster at Ephrata. Jacob, at his death, left six children, namely: Abram, Adam, Hiram, Mary; Emeline, Mrs. J. B. Kleine, deceased; and Annie, Mrs. Frank Bort, of Reading. Daniel, who was a tanuer by trade, was long a resident of Hahnstown,Pa.,anddied in 1861 ; his widow, whose maiden name was Sarah Merkle, lives in Denver. Their children were Urias M., of Akron; Daniel, who died in Lancaster County, leaving one child; Henry M., of Reading, Pa.; Sabina, Mrs. A. J. Ream, of Denver; and Sarah, wife of George R. Senscnig, of Lancaster; Samuel, who died near Manheim in 1860, left two children, Frank, wiiose iiome is in Steelton, Pa., and Susau, wife of Samuel Weaver, of Camden, N. J. Curtis Fry, above named, was born in 1808, and was a farmer by occupation, his home being in Ephrata Township. When fourteen and one-half j^ears of age he drove a six horse team to Pitts- burg. In 1832 he married Miss Catherine Shaeffer, and at his death, in 1874, left seven children. Martin S., the eldest, is Clerk of Quarter Sessions; William II., a resident of Winona, Minn., has been in the United States Railroad Postal service since 1872; Isaac N., of South Dakota, was in the army for four years and three months during the Civil War, serving as Sergeant of Marines; by special act of Congress he was presented with a medal of of honor for gallantry on the war ship "Tieon- deroga;" S. Lem also resides in South Dakota; Elizabeth, wife of John R. ■ Sliirk, lives in South Bend, Ind.; Sarah A. married Jacob W. Landis, of Ephrata; Emma is the wife of J. Y. Weidman. Martin S., the eldest, was reared under the pa- rental roof, and in boyhood attended the common schools of this locality. For a short period he was a student in the Morrislown Academy. In 1858 he married Miss Catherine Miller, and they have had seven children, namely: Horace M., A. Lin- coln, S. Curtis, M. EUwood, John M., E. May and M. Alice. From 1858 until 1885 he was engaged PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 541 in agricultural pursuits, and meantime served as United States store-keeper and ganger, to vvliich position he was appointed in 1876. In 1882 he became Deputy Collector of Internal Revenue, and three years later accepted the position of judgment and mortgage clerk for the County Commissioners. In 1893 he was elected Clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions for Lancaster County, which posi- tion he now holds, residing in the borough of Ephrata. Socially Martin S. Fry alliliates with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows, and in religious belief he is a Lutheran. In the Republican party he is a local leader, and has been its representa- tive in various county and state conventions dur- ing the greater portion of bis term. Since 1860 he has been a member of the Board of County Committeemen of the Republican party. In vari- ous otiier oflices of trust he has rendered faithful and etiicieat service, and is justly popular among his fellow-citizens. ISAAC B. GROFF, one of the rising business men of Fertilit}', where he is engaged in the milling business, combines independence and self reliance with energy, and with these qualities is bound to make a success of whatever he under- takes. He was born in Lancaster Township, this county, February 8, 1886, and is the son of Isaac W. and Catherine (Brenneman) Groff. The Groff family is of Swiss origin, and an old and reliable one in this county. Benjamin Groff the grandfather of our subject, was also a native of this county, where he was engaged in farming, owning a tract of ninety' acres which he cultivated with good success. He was a Whig in politics and was recognized b}' all as a first-class citizen. He married a Miss Buckwalter, and by her became the father of three daughters and four sons, Mary, Anna, Mary, Benjamin, Isaac, Henry and Abraham. The grandfather died about 1840, aged sixty years. and his good wife followed him to the better land in 1874, when in the seventieth year of her age. Isaac W. Groff, the father of our subject, was also born in Lancaster Township, the date thereof be- ing October 19, 1829. He was given as good an education as could be obtained in the vicinity of his home, and was trained to farm pursuits, which vocation he followed until 1870. He was success- ful in his work and accumulated a handsome for- tune, owning a good estate of two hundred acres, which he sold in the above year, and soon there- after purcliased the Normal Roller Mills at Millers- ville, this county'. These he conducted success- fully for twenty years, when he retired from busi- ness and is now living in the enjoyment of all the comforts of life. He is a member of the Mennonite Church, which he has served in the capacity of Deacon. When twenty-three years of age the father of our subject was married to Miss Catherine, the daughter of Mr. Brenneman, a farmer living near Safe Harbor. Their union has been blessed by the birth of eight children, of whom Sarah, the eldest, died in infancy, as did also Brenneman. Ida is the wife of Benjamin Herr; Willis married Lizzie Strickler; Alice is at home; Benjamin married Anna Lintner; Isaac B. was the next in order of birth and Lillie married Abraham Mann. Ttje wife and mother departed this life in 1868, aged thirty-seven years. She was also a devoted member of the Men- nonite Church. In 1877 Isaac W. Groff was mar- ried to Miss Susan Trout. The original of this sketch was educated in the common schools and the Millersville State Normal. Completing his school life at the age of fifteen, he entered his father's mill, in which he remained until coming to Fertility in 1891. That year he purchased the mills at this place, his building be- ing 40x60 feet in dimensions, with a capacity of fifty barrels of flour per day. He does both mer- chant and custom work, and manufactures several brands of flour, his specialty, however, being "Althea." Besides the mill property, Mr. Groff owns a thirty-acre tract of land, to the cultivation of which he gives his personal attention. February 28, 1889, our subject married Lizzie, daughter of Jacob Miller, a general merchant of 542 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. New Danville, this county, and their union has been blessed by the birth of a daughter and son, Edith and Raymond. In polities Mr. Groff is a stal- wart Republican, and in all public enterprises he takes a leading part, and is recognized by all as a first-class citizen. -^5. ^+^ (=" HENRY ELSEN, contractor and builder, is among the successful mechanics of Lan- caster, and the biographical record of this city would not be complete without a brief sketch of his career. He is a native of Hanover, Germany, and was born at Freiberg, November 24, 1836. His father was Mathias Elsen, a native of the same country, and died when our subject was only two years of age. His mother's name was Mona Morks, and she died when Henry was but a small child. He then went to live with a man who was a butcher b}' trade, remaining with him until he was fourteen years of age, and then went to live on a farm. After several years of farm life he spent two jears on the sea working as a deck hand, after which he returned to a farm, where he was made foreman, and in 1868 came to America, sailing by the steamer "America" to New York City and from that place he came direct to Lan- caster. His first work after arriving in this coun- try was that of making fences, which he followed for two years. In 1883 Mr. Elsen commenced as a contractor and builder, having already worked at the carpen- ter's trade with William Wohlsen for five years. He has built many fine structures in and about the city of Lancaster. It was in the year 1875 that he built a fine residence for his own use and now owns this and one on an adjoining lot, at No. 545 Green Street. August 19, 1870, marked a new era in this man's life, for it was upon this date that he was united in marriage, at Lancaster, to Miss Annie AVohlsen, who was a native of Faulzenbourg, Hanover. She was reared in Germany and is the second eldest child of seven children. Mrs. Elsen came to Amer- ica in 1868 on the steamer "Cumbria." By this union nine children were born, namely-: William J., a carpenter in Lancaster; John H., a carpenter in the same place; Fred W.,a butcher of Lancaster; Katie M., Annie M., Harry P., Emma M., Louis P. and Herbert O. Being a man of intelligence and well read, our subject has seen the benefits of belonging to some of the civic societies. He is a member of Red Jacket Lodge No. 9 of the Order of Red Men, and is also a member of Washington Council of the Seven Wise Men. Like a majority of the Ger- mans now living in Lancaster, our subject is a de- voted member of the Lutheran Church, he being identified with Zion's Church. Politically Mr. Elsen believes in the general principles of the Democratic party, although he is not a radical partisan. During more than a quar- ter of a century of Mr. Elsen 's life he has been identified with our form of Government and has proved himself worthy of the title of an adopted citizen. He is counted among Lancaster's indus- trious and law-abiding citizens. When a j'oung man he saw the value of learning a good trade, and by reason of this he has always had good em- ployment and built up for himself and his inter- esting family a good home, with all the pleasant surroundings of a happy American home. M ARTIN R. SHEAFFER. This public- spirited citizen of Bareville is engaged in the leaf tobacco business, packing and shipping each year from three to four hundred cases. He is the son of Philip and Leah (Rutter) Sheaflfer, and was born in Earl Township, July 25, 1843. Martin Sheaffer, the great-grandfather of our subject, came from Germany many years ago and located in Groffsville, where he owned a section of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 543 land and where he was engaged in farming and distilling. lie became the father of three sons by his union with a Miss Groff. The grandfather, who also bore the given name of Martin, was born in Earl Township in 1770, and died in 1821. He likewise followed the distilling business, and was the possessor of a large estate, comprising about four hundred acres. He married a Miss Miller and to then) were born seven sons and five daugh- ters, Jacob, Philip, John, Isaac, Martin, Adam and Samuel, and Elizabeth, Margaret, Mary, Judy and Charlotte. Philip Sheafifer, who was the father of our subject, was born on the old homestead in 1803. He pro- cured his education in the rude log schoolhouse near his home, and when ready to begin in life for himself, purchased one hundred and twenty acres of the liome farm, which he cultivated until his decease, in 1864. In addition to tilling the soil he also was engaged in the distilling business for a number of years, and became quite well-to-do in a financial way. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Kepublican, and in religious affairs be- longed to the Mcnnonite Church. The parents of our subject were married in 1827. The mother was the daughter of Henry Rutter, a substantial farmer of Lower Leacock Township. Mrs. Slieaffer, although advanced in 3'ears, is still in the enjoyment of good health, and makes her home with our subject, who is her oul^' child. Martin R. Sheaffer is well educated, and remained at home cultivating the farm until 1886, when he sold it and purchased twenty-five acres in Bare- ville, which lie now devotes to tobacco raising, packing and shipping large quantities each year. He is accounted one of the representative citizens of the place, and is a Director and stockholder in the New Holland Bank. In politics he is an ar- dent admirer of Republican principles, which party he believes to be in the right. Mr. Sheaffer was married November 17, 1864, to Miss Caroline, daughter of Levi Graybill, and to them were born seven children. Martin is engaged in the practice of law in Lancaster; Cora is the wife of John Eshleman, a cigar manufacturer of Eph- rata; Clayton is clerk in the Ephrata Bank. The wife and mother departed this life May 25, 1886, and June 18, 1888, our subject married Miss Lottie, daughter of Samuel Myers, who is engaged in bus- iness in this village. Their children are Leah, born in 1889, and Rebecca, whose birth occurred in 1893. Mrs. Sheaffer is a member of the Diin- kard Church and a most excellent lady, greatly respected in her community. 3Me JOHN LEIBLEY is in partnership with his son Ilarr}- B. as a member of the firm of John Leibley ifcSon,andfornearl3' forty years has carried on a market and butcher shop in Lancaster. The site is one of the best in the city, a handsome brick building 32x75 feet in dimen- sions and three stories in height, this having been reconstructed by the owner. He also has money invested in several pieces of land in Lancaster and owns the old homestead. .January 7, 1834, occurred the birth of our sub- ject in Lancaster only two houses distant from his present residence. His parents were Jacob and Charlotte (Miller) Leibley. The father died in 1856, when sixty-nine years of age, and his wife was called to her final rest in 1890, when eighty years of age. The father was one of five sons and five daughters, and he in turn had ten children, namely: Jacob, Ann, Charlotte, John, Elizabeth, Susan, Andrew, Christiana, George and Heniy. John Leibley received very meagre educational advantages, attending school probably only one year altogether, and worked for his father from the age of eight 3-ears in the slaughter house. Two years later he bought stock throughout the coun- try, and upon his father's death succeeded to his business. In 1856 he opened his present market and from that time on has worked hard to build up the fine trade which he is now enjo3's. In his political belief he is a Republican and has served as a member of the Common Council for feur terms. October 31, 1857,' a marriage ceremon3' was performed by which Miss Amelia Wettig became 544 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the wife of John Leiblej'. Her father was God- frey Wettig, formerly of this city. By this union two children, a son and a daughter, were born, the elder of whom, Anna, married David Winters, now deceased, and the younger, Harry B., is engaged in business with his father. He is a natural ma- chinist and possesses great inventive abilit}'. At the present time he owns a number of pleasure boats and is devoting his attention to building more. *^^1 m iT^ MOS N. ROHRER is one of the successful / — \ and well-to-do farmers of Strasburg Town- ship, having been for seventeen years en- gaged in market gardening on his present farm. From his sturdy ancestors he has inherited very industrious and thrifty qualities, and the family to which he belongs h.is long been accounted among the founders in the prosperity of Lancaster County. Jacob Rohrer, the paternal grandfather of our subject, devoted his life to the calling of a farmer. He and his wife, Elizabeth, had four children: Henry, Christian, Jacob and Catharine. His third son, Jacob, our subject's father, was horn jn West Lampeter Township about 1807, and from his boyhood manifested a decided inclination for ob- taining his livelihood as a farmer. He owned a good property comprising one hundred and forty .acres in Strasburg Township, which he developed and improved. He alw.ays kept a good grade of live-stock and succeeded m providing well for his family and in putting aside a competence for old age. Politically, he was identified with the Whig party and later with the Republican organization. Religiously, he affiliated with the Old Mennonite Church. For his companion and helpmate on the voyage of life he married Miss Mary Nefif. To this worthy couple were born three sons and two daughters, namely: Israel; Elizabeth, deceased; Harry; Susan; and Amos N. The youngest child in his father's family, Amos N. Rohrer was born January 4, 1852, on the old homestead in Strasburg Township. His early years passed without momentous event in the usual rou- tine of farm life. His father trained him in a practical manner and gave him a good education. He attended the district schools in the neighbor- hood of his home, and on attaining his majority taught school for one winter in his home district. Later he attended for one session the Millersville Normal .School but since that time has given all of his attention to farming. His especial department of work has been as a truck and market gardener and for seventeen years he has been very success- ful in this work. March 17, 1881, Mr. Rohrer was united in mar- riage with Miss Mary Hull, who was born in Strasburg Township and who is of great assistance in every way to her husband. To this worthy couple have been born a son and daughter, Adam and Blanche. The Rohrer famil}' have a pleasant and substantial home and are surrounded with the necessities and comforts of life. In his political convictions, Mr. Rohrer is a strong Republican but has never desired to hold official position, as he prefers instead to give his time and energies solely ^o his family and business afifairs. Among his neighbors he is held in respect and he bears a high reputation for his worthy characteristics. •^-^^>^^uilder by occupation. Altiiougli not in active service, he was greatly interested in the militia, and was faniiliarl^' known as Col. John Witmer. The father was a devoted member of the United Brethren Church, and was active in all good works. By his union with Miss Riplej-, there were born nine children, namel}': Jacob, John, Zachariaii, Daniel, Christiana, Susan, Adaline, lliiaiM and Franklin. John 'Witmer was prominent in politics, and in 1847 served as Commissioner of Lancaster County. lie departed this life Decem- ber 3, 1857, at the age of fifty-five 3'ears. Ilis good wife survived him until March, 1883, when she too passed away, when in her seventy-fourth year. The original of this sketch received a good edu- cation in the district school near his home in Manor Township. He remained with his parents until attaining his majority, when he went to Safe Harbor and began learning the business of a pal- tern-maker in the shops of the Safe Harbor Iron Company. He was in the employ of that firm for eleven years, when he left and followed the car- penter's trade for a period of two 3ears, and in 1863 we find him residing in Columbia. Here he found work in the shops of Supple & Bro., engine builders, and when the works were moved to Fourth and Manor Streets, he still remained in their employ. It was then changed to the Supple Steam Engine Company, and in 1878 Mr. Witmer was chosen manager of the shops, which responsi- ble position he held until 1892. That year he formed a partnership with B. F. Conner, and pur- chased the stock of the company, of which he was elected Secretarj' and Treasurer. They are con- ducting a splendid business, and our subject is well qualified after so many j'ears' experience in that line of work, to transact afifairs in a most sat- isfactory and profitable manner. In his political relations our subject is a stanch Republican, and aside from serving as School Di- rector in Manor Township, and Councilman and President of the Council of Columbia, has never 24 held public office, his private affairs demanding his entire time and attention. He is a consistent member of the Methodist Episcoi)al Church, with whicli he has been connected for the past twenty 3-ears, and at the present time is Chairman of the Board of Trustees. Jacob R. Witmer was united in marriage in April, 1852, with Miss Susan, daughter of Adam Miller, a farmer of Manor Township, where he is also carrying on an extensive business as the owner of a flouring mill. To Mr. and Mrs. Witmer has been born a family of five cliildren, namely: Amanda, the wife of Lewis M. Filbert, engaged in business in Philadelphia; Henry Clay, who died when a lad of eight years; Susan, the wife of Isaac L. Auweter, a merchant of Columbia; Adaline, also deceased, and John A., a mechanical engineer and a graduate of the Philadoipliia Polytechnic College, who also makes his home in this city. The maternal grandfather of our subject, John Ripley, came from Ins native land, England, to America wlien eight years of age, making his home first in Virginia and later in Manor Township, this county, where he carried on farm i)ursuits during his last years, and also preached in the Evangelical Church. He reared a family of children bearing the respective names of Susan, John, Elizabeth, Catherine and Christiana. The grandfather lived to be quite aged, passing his last years in Lancas- ter Count}'. ORLSTUS A. HIPPLE, a prosperous grocer of Marietta, is of remote German descent, but the family has been long established in Pennsylvania. His grandfather was a lifelong resident of Cumberland County, and by his mar- riage reared four children: John, Jacob, Polly and Mrs. Obetz, all deceased but Polly. The first- named son, John, was born in Cumberland Coun- ty, October 7, 1811, and obtaining a good educa- tion in youth, was for twenty years engaged as a school teacher. In connection with that profession he followed the trade of a stone mason, but in 548 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 1870 retired from the former, and afterward gave his attention wholly to the latter. In politics a Republican, he was always deeply interested in the success of his party. Though adv.iuced in years at tlie opening of the Rebellion, John Hippie entered service as a mem- ber of the One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Pennsyl- vania Infantry, in which he remained for nine months. At the expiration of his term of service he enlisted for one year. During his later years he was a resident of Newtown. Raphe Township, Lancaster County, and there his death occurred December 28, 1892, at eighty-one years of age. His wife, whose maiden name was Anna McCauley, passed away in 1883. Their children were Rufus H., Oristus A., Arthaliuda N.. James M., Isabella, Emanuel E., Tobias H. A., John U. S., deceased; Thomas P., Albert, Rosa, Ann, and one that died in infancy. In Warwick Township, Lancaster County, the subject of this biography was born, November 2, 1840. He was in boyhood a student in the com- mon schools, after which he turned his attention to the trade cf a brick-Layer, learning it in New- town. After his marriage, in 1872, he came to Marietta, and followed this occupation, together with that of furnace repairing, until 1892, when he opened a grocery store. He now gives his en- tire attention to this business, having abandoned his trade. Politically he is a Republican, devoted to party tenents. He belongs to Donegal Lodge No. 129, I. 0. O. F., and Marietta Encampment No. 76, being Treasurer of both. He is also a member of Marietta Castle No. 120, Knights of the Mystic Chain, serving as its Treasurer, and is iden- tified with Marietta Castle No. 102, Knights of the Golden Eagle. He fills the same office in the Im- proved Order of Red Men. In fact, he is Treas- urer of every organization with which he is iden- tified, except the Grand Army Post and Knights of the Golden Eagle. During the late war Mr. Hippie served in Com- pany A, One Hundred and Ninety-ninth Pennsyl- vania Infantry, Twenty-fourth Corps, Array of the Potomac. He was present at the charge of Ft. Gregg, and took part in a number of minor en- gagements, being engaged chiefly on detail duty. He witnessed the surrender at Appomattox, and served ten months, or until the close of the Rebel- lion. He is Collector and Treasurer of the local Board of the National Home Building & Loan Asso- ciation of Bloomington,.Ill. September 24, 1864, Mr. Hippie was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Gallagher, an estimable lady, who is highly regarded by a large circle of personal friends. The family circle at one time consisted of six children, but Lillie Dale and Car- rie May are deceased, and the eldest son, U. S. Grant, has establislied a home of his own. Nora, Jennie A. and John Alfred still remain with their parents. :^#G: iTT C. ILYUS is Prothonotary of Lancaster / — \ County and for twenty-five years has been Justice of the Peace in Neffsville. In all enterprises and leading industries he has been very much interested, and as far as he was able has sup- ported them by his influence and practical assist- ance. The birth of the 'Squire occurred in AVest Hempfield Township, January 17, 1857, and he comes from one of the old and respected families of Manor Township, where his fattier, Abraham, was born. The latter was a shoemaker by trade, and his death occurred when he was in the prime of life, February 21, 1856. His wife, Maiy, was a daugh- ter of Jacob Clair, and both were born in Rapho Township. He was a farmer and also a weaver, following those occupations until his demise. Mrs. Mary Ilyus, who survived her husband for many years, was called to her final rest in 1889, when in her seventy-seventh j-ear. In a family of seven children who grew to maturity, five are living, and of these the 'Squire is next to the eldest and the only son. Until twenty-two years of age our subject was reared in West Hempfield Township on a farm, and was a student in the neighborhood schools. After taking a course of study in the Mt. Joy Academy, during the fall of 1853 he began teaching in Penn PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 549 Townsliip, and for twelve terras successfull3' con- ducted scliools. The last six terms he was stationed in two schools in Manheim Townsliip; four were in the village of Neffsville, where he located perma- nently in 1850. In 1866 he abandoned teaching, be- coming a cleric in the Recorder's office in this city, and the following year was transcribing clerk in Ilarrisburg. In 1863 he had been made Assessor, which oflice he has held for upwards of twenty-five years. In 186!) he was elected .Iiistice of the Peace, discharging its duties up to Januarj-, 1894. Each time he was re-elected on the Republican ticket, and was the onlj' one to fill the ollice in Neffsville. Hav- ing been elected Assessor of Maniieira in 1872, he has continuously held that position up to the pres- ent time. April 1."), 18;».'3, he was nominated on the Republican ticket as Prothonotary and was elected that fall, taking his olDce at the beginning of the following year to serve for a term of three years. He is still Assessor of Manheim, but has re- signed his position as .lustice of the Peace. For about seventeen years he was Collector of the School Tax in this township, and is also acouvej'- ancer. In West Hempfield, 'Squire Ilj-us was married in September, 1857, to Victoria Musselman, a native of Cumberland County, and daughter of Henry Musselman, who taught school in Mt. Jo^- and other places. In 1864 he enlisted in the One Hundred and Eighty-fourth Pennsylvania Regiment. When in the battle of Petei-sburg his tongue was shot off by a minie ball; he was made a captive, his death occurring in a rebel hospital. At the time that he volunteered his services he was over the regula- tion age and was a faithful and valiant defender of the flag to the last. Mr. and Mrs. Ilyus have three children living, Hari\y M., who attended the Slillers- ville Normal and is now running a shoe store on North Queen Street; Edgar B., also formerly a stu- dent in the Normal and now a practicing physician at No. 13 East Walnut Street, and A. Charles, a graduate of the high school, and now a clerk in his father's office, where two other deputies are em- pl03'ed. Mrs. Ilyus is a member of the Lutheran Church and is a most estimable lady. For a quarter of a century, 'Squire Ilj'us has been clerk of sales. He is particularly busj^ during the winter, managing about one* hundred and twenty sales a year, besides which he has administered a number of estates. From 1885 to 1888 he was Jury Commissioner of the county, being elected on the Republican ticket. When nominated in the spring of 1893 he was the successful one of four candi- dates, receiving a majority of one hundred and sixt3'-eight votes. He is a stockholder in the Peo- ple's Trust, Savings and Deposit Company, being one of the organizers, and is a Director in tlie Peo- ple's National Bank of Lancaster. Since the organ- ization of the Neffsville Mutual Fire Insurance Company in 1878, he has been Sccretar}'. Nearly 11,700.000 of insurance have been placed in the township, and only thirty cents on $1,000 a year has been paid out in losses. The Manheim and Penn Turnpike Company, which was organized in 1881 and built on contract, is a great convenience to the township, and the 'Squire was very active in carrying the measure successfully forward. His pleasant home issituated only four and a-liaif miles distant from Lancaster, and both here and in the cit3', as well as wherever he is known, he has made many warm friends. £P AMUEL W. POTTS, a representative of one of the oldest families in Lancaster Count3% together with other members of the Potts family, will be mentioned in this connec- tion. Our subject's grandfather, Joseph Potts, was born in Lancaster County, and spent his life on a farm. He was of Scotch-Irish descent. His father, David Potts, was the proprietor of Potts' Landing Hotel, and was born in Strasburg. He farmed in Strasburg Township, and afterward bought a thirty- acre tract of land in Lancaster Township, adjoin- ing the cit}-, and followed hotel life and farming for a livelihood; he was also a stock-dealer. The boat landing was established and known as Potts' Landing on account of this family name. Our subject's father died in 1867, aged fifty years. 550 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Politicall}- lie had ever been identified with the Democratic party. The mother of Samuel W., whose maiden name was Catherine Warren, was a native of Strasburg, and the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Warren, of Scotch-Irish extraction. They moved to Maryland, where the father died. Mr. and Mrs. David Potts were the parents of ten children, seven of whom are living, our sub- ject being the eldest. He was born on the farm in Strasburg Township, October 5, 1841, and was reared at Potts' Lauding, obtaining his edu- cation in the public schools and at Millersville State Normal. At the opening of the Civil War, he volunteered as a member of Company G, One Hundred and Twenty-second Pennsylvania Regi- ment, in which he was a Corporal. He served nine months in the Army of the Potomac, and took part in many fierce battles, including the sec- ond battle of Bull Run, Malvern Hill, Fredericks- burg and Chancellorsville. He received an honor- able discharge at the close of that great conflict, af- ter which he engaged with his father and succeeded him in the hotel business, and continued that and farm life for twenty-five years, or until Novem- ber, 1893, when he retired from business. He built a fine brick residence on the Philadelphia Pike, near the hotel, and now rents both his hotel and farm. We clip the following from the Examiner: "It is but simple justice to say that the man who more than all other men combined in this commu- nity has led us up to this desirable state of affairs is Mr. Samuel Potts, owner of Potts' Landing and Potts' Grove. Mr. Potts, it is unnecessary for us to say, belongs to one of the oldest and best known families of Lancaster County, his ancestors having been prominent in milling, farming, hotel and other business enterprises for generations. The owner of Potts' Landing inherited the progressive spirit of his ancestors. Taking possession of the old and always respectable hotel, which had been kept for many years by his father, he planted a grove along the Conestoga. As the years rolled by and the infant trees developed into a large and stately grove, it became one of the most de- lightful wooded tracts in the county of Lancas- ter, or even in the state. Then came the placing of boats along the stream, the erection of boat houses, and Potts' Landing was born. It leaped instantlj' into popularity. If the records of the old East King Street Railwaj' Conipan}', with its horse cars, could be consulted, it would perhaps be found that there has never been under the electric railway system such carrying of people to the banks of the Conestoga, at Witmer's bridge, as then. Men, women and children hung to the cars like flies. It was a sight to see the cars in those earl}' days. Then came the electric cars. Then came the parks. Then came the band con- certs. But to-day the best people of Lancaster who want a quiet rest in a secluded spot go to Potts.' His boats are of the best. No one ever heard of a serious accident with one of them. No immoral persons are permitted on the grounds or premises. To-daj' our wives and daughters may go there unattended, and may be as safe from insult or ann03'ance as though they were in the seclusion of their own homes. In conclusion, therefore, we wish to make this simple declara- tion, in all fairness to Mr. Potts, that he was the originator of the healthful and inspiring out-door amusements of which we are now so proud. And to-day, so far as concerns the patronage of our best people, it xnn.y be truthfully said that Mr. Samuel Potts 'holds both bowers and the ace.' " Mr. Potts was united in marriage, December 25, 1867, with Miss Martha S. Sides, of West Lampeter Township. Her parents were Abraham B. and Eliza (Fritz) Sides. Her grandfather, John Sides, was the only child of Col. Peter Sides, who was an officer in the Revolutionary War and a bosom friend of General Washington, who often visited hira at his home. He was a great fox hunter and horseback rider, and his ancestors were of Scotch-Irish descent. Col. Peter Sides, an uncle of our subject's wife, was an oflScer in the Civil War. Another uncle, Dr. B. F. Sides, was a sur- geon in the army in the late war. Her father was a merchant, and later had the honor of being one of the first engineers to run a locomotive on the Pennsylvania Railroad. Afterward he located in West Lampeter, where he died August 25, 1889. He was a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church, and in politics was identified with the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 551 Democratic part}-. Mrs. Potts' mother was known in maidenhood as Elizabeth Fritz, and was the daughter of Jacob Fritz and wife, who are of Ger- man descent. Mr. and Mi's. Sides were the parents of five chil- dren, four of whom are now living: Clementine, Mrs. Meek; Martha S., now Mrs. Potts; Libble, dece.ased; Dr. B. F., practicing in Lampeter; and Sallie Maude, who lives with her sister, Mrs. Potts. The two latter are acceptable members of the Presbyterian Church. Mr. Potts is a Democrat. <^^.^.^»^.^.^.4.^.^.^.^.^.jSlg^^•^^^i^•^•^^••^••n•^^^^^^•^•iX> D ANIEL G. ENGLE. This representative citizen of Marietta is the proprietor of the Engletree Stock Farm, wliich is well known to breeders and lovers of horses. He is also a member of the firm of Engle & Bro.. nurser3men. As a horseman the reputation of Mr. Engle has extended over a large territoiy, and those who have made his acquaintance during the past few years know him best fur this and his fine social qualities. Before entering upon the life of Mr. Engle it will not be amiss to note a few facts regarding his ancestry. Ulrich Engle, the first of the family to locate in the United States, came from Switzer- land in 1753. His son Jacob, our subject's great- grandfather, was the founder of the River Breth- ren Church. Grandfather John Engle was born in Cono3' Township, this county, and during his entire life gave his attention to farm pursuits. He was active in the work of the Dunkard Churcli, to which he belonged, and was well respected in the conlnuluitJ^ The father of our subject, Daniel Engle, was born in 1812 in Conoy Township, where he re- ceived such an education as could be obtained in that early day. Like his father before him, he was a prominent church member, belonging to the River Brethren Church of the Dunkards, in which he was chief among those who aided in the organ- ization of the Mutual Insurance Company, of which he became Secretary. He was not only one of the first, but one of the most extensive tobacco grow- ei-s of his day in Lancaster County. He also car- ried on a large business as nurseryman, owning the Marietta nurseries, which he established in 1853 on the old homestead, and in 1867 the enterprise was assumed by his sons, John G. and Hiram, un- der the firm style of Engle it Bro. After the death of Hiram Engle, in 1874, Daniel G. Engle entered the business under the original firm name. Daniel Engle was married to Miss Mary, daugh- ter of Christian Graybill, who at that time was one of the well-to-do farmers of East Donegal Township. Their son, our subject, was born in that township, July 1, 1853. He received his education in the com- mon schools and the State Normal School, Jlillers- ville. Pa., and is also a graduate of the Br3'ant & Stratton's Business College, Philadelphia. For two terms lie taught the Donegal school in East Donegal Township. Like all his faniilj' on both the paternal and maternal sides, he is a stout Re- publican. Of late years he has taken an active part in politics and is at present serving his second term in the Borough Council of Marietta, being Chairman of the Finance Committee of that bod}'. When ready to start out in life on his own ac- count he was married, September 21, 1880, to Miss Minnie, daughter of George W. Stahl (deceased), a lumber merchant of Marietta and one of its rep- resentative citizens. Their family included four children, bearing the following names: Riietu, Dan- iel (deceased), Franklin S. and Minnie S. In 1885 Mr. Engle, who was already the owner of some fine animals, purchased the celebrated horse "Storm King" in Kentucky, which was at that time tlirce years of age. This animal is by thesamesire as tlie famous trotting queen, "Nancy Hanks." Soon after the purchase of this animal Mr. Engle established what is now widely known as tlie Eugletree Stock Farm and erected thereon many large and substantial stables. "Storm King's" record is 2:25f and he has also become celebrated as the sire of "Paragon," trotting when five years of age at 2:13;^; "Stormer,"a three-year-old, whose record is 2:26:^, besides many other animals that bid fair to become noted on the turf. "Paragon," like 552 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. the other animals, was trained on the Engletree Stock Farm, and during the racing season at Washington Park, Chicago, in 1892, when in a field of fourteen horses, won three consecutive heats in 2:14^, 2:13^ and 2:13^, which beat the world's record for the fastest three consecutive heats by a gelding. "Storm King," the sire of "Paragon," has been exhibited at over twenty- five state and county fairs, and at each has taken the first premium. The training track at Engle- tree Farm is made of soil well adapted for train- ing purposes, is one of the finest in the country and attracts wide-spread attention. Mr. Engle gives his attention to the carr3ing on of his farm, which occupies considerable of his time and calls forth his tact and business foresight. In his train- ing stables are young "Storm Kings" and well-bred colts by other sires, receiving their first education. Mr. Engle trains largely for other parties, as this is a prominent feature of his business. Daniel Engle was a man of liberal and progress- ive opinions and was remarkably well informed on the topics of his day and ancient history. He was a Republican; though not taking an active part in politics, he voted at all important elections. He departed this life August 17, 1888. His good wife still survives him. ^®i HON. GEORGE II. RANCK, of New Hol- land, Earl Township, was elected to the Legislature in 1889 and has alwa)'S been a zealous Republican since easting his first vote for Lincoln in 1864. Mr. Ranck, as a teacher, editor and general business man, has manifested great public spirit and has taken a large share in every- thing tending to advance the interest and welfare of his community, and New Holland owes much to him as one of the most enterprising and pro- gressive citizens. In 1869 he purchased a small job printing office in New Holland and continued in that line until 1873, since which time he has conducted the New Holland Clarion, which is re- garded as among the best local newspapers in the state. While a member of the Legislature Mr. Ranck was on the Committees of Education, Agri- culture, Military and Banking, and his opinions on tiiese and other topics of interest were clear cut and well judged. A son of Daniel and Anna (Hildebrand) Ranck, George H. was born in MifHiuburg, Union County, Pa., February 2, 1843, but is practically one of the sons of Lancaster County, as this was the place of his parents' birth, and when he was a year old they returned to make this their permanent home. The Ranck family is of German origin and the ances- tors of our subject were among the pioneers of the eastern part of this state. Some of the family came to this county as early as 1726, buying land in East Cocalico Township, where the}' engaged in farming. Other branches of the family located in Lebanon and Berks Counties. John Philip, the great-grandfather of G. H., was a native of this county and an extensive farmer of East Cocalico Township. He married a Miss Haas, a descendant of another German pioneer, and they had four sons, James, Philip, David and Isaac, and their daughters were, Nancy, Mrs. James De Haven; Mary, Mrs. George Miller; Barbara, Mrs. Ream, and Elizabeth, Mrs. Bender. David went to Ohio, where he became a farmer; James was engaged in a similar pursuit in Chester County, Pa., and Isaac was the grandfather of our subject. The father of these children died in the year 1830, aged about seventy years. Isaac Ranck was born about 1794 and was also a farmer and a member of the Lutheran Church. He married Margaret Swope, of pioneer German family also, and by her had three sons: John, who was a tailor in Paris, Ky., where he died in 1882; Daniel, a potter, of this place, who died in 1894, and Isaac, who is now engaged in gold mining in nortiiern California. Daniel, our subject's father, was born in East Cocalico Township March 14, 1819, received a dis- trict school education, and in 1842, soon after his marriage, went to Mifflinburg, where he engaged in the pottery business for two years. Later for a PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 553 like period of time he was in Springvilie and in 1846 removed to Leacock Township, wliere lie es- tablished a pottery, which he conducted until 1891, wlicn he retired to make his home in New Holland. For a number of years he was a Deacon in the Lu- theran Church, to which he belonged, and in poli- tics W.1S a Democrat. In 1842 he married Anna, daughter of Michael Hildebraiid, a farmer of Earl Township and also a descendant of a (ierman pio- neer family, and of their union two children were born, George H. and Catherine E. The daughter was twice married, first to Cyrus Uuttcr and sub- sequently to Jacob Diffenderfer, of Lancaster. Mrs. Ranck was born October 26, 1819, .and is a mem- ber of the Lutheran Church. George H. Ranck received fair educational priv- ileges, attending the common schools and later a private institution. At eighteen he became a teacher, which calling he followed for eight years, being a portion of the time Princii)al of the New Holland schools. In 1SG9 he succeeded John Hlack in his job printing office at this place, in which bus- iness he continued for four years. The Clarion, a weekly newspaper, was founded by him and another gentleman in 1873. Mr. Ranck took sole charge' in 1878 and has been its editor for twenty-one years. It is an eight-page quarto, 16x22 inches in dimensions, which has a circulation of twelve hun- dred and is an independent paper. From an hum- ble beginning it has grown to be one of the lead- ing molders of thought in this locality. It gives regular employment to a number of people, and steam power and other improvements of the day are lo be found in the oflice. In the job printing dejiartinent the proi)rietor turns out good work and has the jiatronage of the leading businessmen in the eastern end of the county. The marriage of our subject was solemnized May 20, 1866, when he married Ann Elizabeth, daugh- ter of the late Samuel HoUingsworth, a furniture manufacturer of New Holland. Mrs. Ranck was a grand-daughter of the late Abraham De Haven. Five children were born of this union: a daughter, who died at birth; Ivan L., who is in the printing office of his father; Anna M.; Bertha V., who is now deceased, and Lizzie E. Mr. Ranck is a mem- berof Earl Lodge No. 413, 1. O. O. F.,of which he is Past Grand, and is Past President of Camp No. 40, P. O. S. of A. In church and Sunday-school work he has alwa3's been ver^' active, being connected with Trinity Lutheran Church of New Holland as an Elder, and is Treasurer and also a teacher of the Sunday-school. MICHAEL W. HURST, M. D.,of West Earl Township, has an extensive and success- ful practice in this locality, and his ad- vice is often called for by his brother physicians of the community, for he lias had practical ex- perience, covering a period of over three decades. He is a successful practitioner and a good business man, who by the exercise of his persevering and enterprising qualities and his sagacious business investment has succeeded in acquiring a snug for- tune. He is a son of John and Catherine (Wit- wer) Hurst, and was born in Caernarvon Township, of this county, September 27, 1835. The Hursts are of German origin, individuals of the name having located in this county about 1720. They are devoted lo .agricultural pursuits and' in religion were Mennonites. John Hurst, the great-grandfather of the Doctor, was a farmer in Groff's Valley, and in his family were four sons and three daughters: Christian; John, a farmer of Salisbury To"wnsliip; Amos, who taught school near Ephrata, and was also a farmer, and David, the grandfather of our subject. David Hurst was born in Groflf's Valley in 1770, and became a farmer in Caernarvon Township, where he owned two hun- dred acres. He was a man of good financial ability and acquired a substantial fortune. He was twice married, his first wife having been Maria Weaver, by whom he had the following children: Henry, who removed to Franklin County in 1834; Joseph, who also became a resident of that county; John, a farmer; David, who went to Canada and there passed the remainder of his life on a farm; Bar- bara, who became the wife of Jacob Neuswanger; 554 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Maria, wife of Abraham Martin; Elizabeth, wife of John Martin, now living in Ohio; Mrs. Joseph Weaver, and Susannah, who married George Rutt. For his second wife, Mr. Hurst married Mrs. Sus- annah (Stauffer) Bowman, but they had no cliil- dren. David Hurst departed this life in May, 184S, and was survived several years by bis wife. John Hurst, the father of our subject, was known as "Big John" on account of his great muscular powers and large frame. He was born in Caernarvon Township, in October, 1799, and re- ceived meager educational advantages. In the management of his farm in the same township, he was reasonably successful and was a prominent member of the Mennonite Church. In politics he was first a Whig and later a Republican. In 1819 he married Catherine, a daughter of Daniel Wit- wer, a Mennonite minister of Earl Township, and of this union were born nine sons. Daniel died in infancy; Isaac is a farmer of Caernarvon Township; David is in Winsiow, Apache County, Ariz., where in partnership with his brother, our subject, he owns a large ranch; Amos, now deceased, was a school teacher for many years; John died on his farm in East Earl Township; Benjamin is deceased; Samuel carried on a farm in Manheim Township; Michael W. is the next in order of birth, and Martin, who was in the service during the late war in Company K, Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Volunteers, died in 1864. At Chickamauga he was taken prisoner by the Confederates, being sent to Ft. Anderson, where he was imprisonsd for nearly a year. Dr. Michael W. received his common school education near his liome and then entered the acad- emy at Marietta, in which he was taught by Dr. Wickersham. Subsequently he attended the Mill- ersville State Normal, after which he engao-ed in teaching for five years. In 1858 he took up the study of medicine with Dr. Isaac D. Winters, of Goodville, and in the fall of 1859 entered the medical department of the University of Pennsyl- vania, from which he graduated three years later. For the next two and a-half years lie practiced with his preceptor, and then located here, where he has since been engaged in professional duties. He is a member of the Lancaster City and County Medi- cal Societies, being President of the latter in 1893, and is also associated with the State Medical So- ciety. In addition to his practice, which is very remunerative and extensive, he has large interests in the cattle business with his brother David in Arizona. On their ranch they have from ten thousand to twelve thousand head of cattle, and the brotlier gives his entire time to the supervision of the same. The Doctor is a member of the Evangelical Association, being a Trustee of the Ebenezer congregation at Brownston. An active Republican, he was sent as a delegate to the State Convention which nominated Governor Hoyt, and has also been sent in a similar capacit}' to the meet- ings of the State Medical Society. September 15, 1862, Dr. Hurst married Harriet, daughter of John Overholser,a farmer of East Earl Township. Ten children have graced this mar- riage. Margaret K. is the wife of Rev. J. D. Woodring, of Allentown; Minnie C. is at home; Anna V. became the wife of Rev. W. H. Hartzler, an Evangelical minister of the Lebanon; John is on the cattle ranch in Arizona; Ira W. and Willis W. died in childhood; Hattie, Spencer AV. and Edna P. are witii their parents, and one died in infancy. i^^G "^ (iT^ BRAM KLINE, one of the largest hard- j \ ware and lumber merchants in Lancaster Couutj', has his stores and yards located in Manheim, it being a trade center of some im- portance, and is not lacking in business enterprises. Mr. Kline established himself in tiie hardware business about twenty years ago, and at present occupies a large building 22x100 feet, with four additional rooms and two warehouses. In these rooms a heavy stock is carried of all kinds of hard- ware, and the proprietor supplies a trade covering a considerable radius which is very thickly settled. In addition to his hardware business Mr. Kline is one of the most extensive lumber dealers in this section, having shedding and storage capacity for five hundred thousand feet, in which is found all ^ iw ^ly^. i Jtt,M. mSf \. \ •m -^^^^ ^.*.<^:- pv^ ' i^^^m^^^^^^k. ^ _4 ■m rh ' * y J. S. KREITER, M. D. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. S57 kinds of lumber. He is nlso engaged in the man- ufacture of a superior currj' comb of his own pat- ent, wliich is the most popular on tlie market on account of its l)eing entirely harmless and the most expeditious cleaner in use. Our subject was born in East Hempfield Town- ship, this county, -Tune 17, 1828, and is a son of Ja- cob and .Susan (Heistand) Kline, of German de- scent. The father was also born in the above township, where he spent his carlj' life, first en- gaged as a stone merchant and later as a farmer. He died while residing in .Schoeneck, this count}'. He was well-to-do in this world's goods and was a devoted member of the Mennonite Church. The maternal grandfather of our subject, John Heistand, was a large landowner near Landisville. where he was one of the first distillers in the county. He reared a large family, of whom the mother of our subject was the third in order of birth. The original of this sketch remained on the old homestead until about fifteen j'ears of age, dur- ing which time he attended school. He then served a three years' apprenticeship to a cabinet-maker, after which he went to Philadelphia and completed his knowledge of the business. Returning at the expiration of that time to this county he worked at his trade until embarking in the mercantile bus- iness, to which he later added his extensive lum- ber business. In 1851 or 1852 he returned to Manheim, where he was one of the most promi- nent business men for four years, when he sold out and went to Philadeli)liia, where he was a resident for over fifteen years and carried on an extensive business as a member of the firm of Stein, Wan- ner it Co., importers and jobbers of china, glass and queensware. While in Philadelphia he served four years as a member of the Citv Council, and was one of the original aeml)ers of the Centennial Committee. Mr. Kline ranks to-da}' with the leading and en- terprising citizens of Lancaster County, is one of its most active, capable and successful business men, and in commercial and financial circles is re- cognized as a gentleman of the strictest integrity and unquestionable stability. He is ably assisted in his extensive business enterprises bj' his son, Charles A., and his son-in-law, H. H. Ginrich, most active and capable young business men, who tiike charge of the dififerent branches and assist in making the business a success. Mr. Kline was one of the incorporators and first President of the Manheim Water Company and the Fairview Cem- etery Association, also of the building and loan association. While holding the office of Burgess of Manheim he was largely' instrumental in having the streets macadamized and in carrj'ing out other improvements. He is an active Republican in politics and has always taken a leading part in those measures which would tend toward the up- building of his community. He has been Elder of the Reformed Church for many j'ears and is an earnest worker in the Sunday-school. Abram Kline was married in 1852 to Miss Caro- line E., daughter of Philip Arndt, of Manheim. The three children born to their union are Mary E., wife of [I. H. Ginrich, Ida A. and Charles A. JOHN S. KREITER, M. D., a popular and very successful general practitioner of Akron, is a native of Warwick Township, Lancas- ter County, and a descendant of German an- cestors. His great-great-grandfather was a native of Germany, and emigrated to the United States in an early day, settling in Pennsylvania. Our subject, his father, grandfather and great-grand- father were natives of Lancaster County and were reared on the same farm. Solomon Kreiter mar- ried Miss Maria Grossman, who was a daughter of Jacob Grossman, a farmer of the same county, and to them were born eight children, namely: Jacob C, a farmer of Warwick Township; Cath- erine, who died in infancy; John S., our subject; James E., deceased; David H. and Henry D. (twins); Martha, the wife of Levi H. Wissler, and Solomon G., who died in infancy. In boyhood our subject worked on the farm, as- sisting his father in the various duties of that occu- pation, and attending the public schools of his vicinity. When a young man he was a student in the Lititz Academy, and for several terms con- ducted his studies at the Millersville Normal, 558 POETRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. after which he taught one term of school. He also attended the Indiana (Pa.) State Normal and is a graduate of the Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie, N. Y. In 1879 he began reading medicine under Dr. James C. Brobst, and the prac- tical knowledge gained there has been of great benefit to him in his practice. Dr. Kreiter is also a graduate of the Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- lege of New York City. lie opened an office and commenced the practice of his profession, first in Lititz, where he remained only a few months. Af- ter leaving that place he came to Akron, where he permanently located and soon built up a practice and reputation of which he may well be proud. Being thoroughly adapted to his profession by natural gifts and education, he has become eminent as a physician and surgeon and devotes himself with enthusiasm to his chosen occupation. He has a large and extensive practice throughout the county and is esteemed and honored by all who know him. Dr. Kreiter was united in marriage with Miss Carrie L. Zentmyer, and to them have been born four children, two sons and two daughters, name- ly: Irene A.; John E., who died when an infant; Robert E. and Maude V. The Doctor is a mem- ber of the Lutheran Church, while Mrs. Kreiter holds membership in the Moravian Church of Lititz. The family occupy a high position in the social circles of the village of Akron. Politically the Doctor is a stanch Republican and an ardent sup- porter of the principles of tliat party. Socially he is a member of the Lancaster City and County Medical Societies. He is one of the popular citi- zens of the county and is a ph3'sician of great skill and ability, as is attested by his large and ever in- creasing practice. HON. WINFIELD vS. SMITH is one of the most prominent and worthy citizens of Lancaster County, his home being in Bainbridge. In 1886 he was elected on the Repub- lican ticket to the Lower House of the Pennsylvania Legislature and was re-elected two years later. In 1890 his many friends and constituents elected him to the Senate, and in both important positions he has made a fine record. The first year of his terra he served as Secretary of the Appropriation Commit- tee, to which office there attaches no salary, but so well did he fulfill his duties that during the sec- ond year he was tendered the Chairmanship of said committee, which is the most important of the Senate Committees. However, he retired in favor of George Handy Smith and became Secretary of the committee, though virtually discharging the more important duties of Chairman, owing to the illness of that gentleman. While in the House he served on the Ways and Means Committee and many others more or less important. For the past seventeen years he has served uninterruptedl}' as County Committeeman and even before arriving at his majority was an active worker in the Republi- can cause. Daniel Smith, the great-grandfather of our sub- ject, was of German descent and a resident of what is now Conoy Township, this county, and for years was Collector of Taxes for Lancaster County. The next in the line of descent, John Smith, was born in Conoy Township, learned the cabinet-makers' trade in early life and later engaged in fanning. He owned one hundred and twenty acres in Conoy Township near Bainbridge and was a successful ag- riculturist. Like his father he was a Whig in poli- tics and I'eligiously was a Lutheran. His children were Jacob, who is still living, though about nine- ty years old; John, Jr., who is some eighl3'-eight years of age; Frederick, deceased; George, Joseph, Adam; Benjamin and Daniel, deceased; Elizabeth Shank; Susan Brenner and Catherine Derr, de- ceased. Frederick, the father of W. S. Smith, was born August 15, 1815, on the old homestead in Conoy Township, and received a limited education. He became a foreman of the Old State Railroad, and continued in the capacity of foreman until 1862, when the road was purchased by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company. The following year he was elected Sheriff of Lancaster Count}' on tlie Repub- lican ticket and served for one term. He then retired from active life, and resided at Bainbridge at the time of his death, which occurred October PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 559 30, 1884. He was a great p.irtisan and interested in the success of the old Kuow-Nothing part}'. His first wife, Elizabetli Brown, was born March 8, 1818, iind died May 22, 1859, aged forty-one years. They were the parents of the following children: Lovina Hippie; Thaddeiis Stevens, who died in infancy; Winfield S.; Jacob F., who died at the age of five 3ears; George A. and Annie E. Flowers. After the death of his first wife, Fred- erick Smith married Miss Mary Bauchman, by whom he had four children: Frederick B., Abe Lincoln; Emma and LiUie. The mother of these children died in the spring of 1894. Hon. Mr. Smith was born in Bainbridge on the 22d of Kovember, 1847. He received very meager educationaladvantages, as he left school when thir- teen years old and entered a store in 1862 as a clerk with J. A. Graff & Co., of this place. With that firm he remained for two years, when, his fatlier as- suming the duties of Sheriff and removing to Lan- caster, he became his assistant. For two years af- terwards he clerked for Lewis S. Ilartman in his store. In 1866 he took charge of the freight and ticket ollice of the Pennsylvania Kailroad at Bain- bridge and was also made agent for the Adams Express Company, which position he has held ever since, a period of twenty-eight years. During this time he also managed his father's mercantile busi- ness, until 1872, when he took the entire charge as proprietor and thus continued for six years. In 1878 he purchased the site and built a handsome, large business place and residence combined. Here he has conducted a general mercantile trade and has succeeded to a remarkable degree. One of the organizers of the Elizabethtown National Bank, he has ever since been one of its directors. Mr. Smith owns considerable real estate both in Bainbridge and in farm land. One place comprises two hun- dred and fifty acres, is well improved and specially adapted for fruit. It is located in Coney Town- ship, two and a-half miles from Bainbridge, and a goodly sum is realized from it every year. October 5, 1870, Mr. Smith married Melissa, daughter of John Meyers, of tliis village. To them have been born two children : I. Scott, who is a part- . ner with his father in the mercantile business, and Carrie M. Mr. Smith is a member of the Method- ist Episcopal Church, in which he is a Trustee. Socially he is identified with Ashara Lodge No. 398, F. ied the position of Chief Burgess and has several times served in the School Board and in the Town Council. In every trust of this character he has given the most complete satisfaction and exhibited the same earnestness and intelligence he has shown in his private business. He has served as Director in several of the most prominent industrijil, benev- olent and financial institutions of the borough. He was President of the original Board of Trus- tees of the Odd Fellows' Hall Association, a Direc- tor of the First National Bank of Columbia, the Susquehanna Iron Company and of the Keeley Stove Works. Mr. Patton is one of the oldest members of Co- lumbia Lodge No. 286, F. & A. M., and is an ar- dent and honored member of the Methodist Epis- 564 PORTKAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. copal Churcli. He has frequently represented the local organization in the conferences of this denom- ination, and in his local church government has been Class Leader, Steward, Trustee and Sunday- school Superintendent. He has contributed freely to all church undertakings and is a devoted friend of the cause of foreign missions. Politically Mr. Patton is an earnest and stead- fast Democrat, and though never an aspirant for office, has accepted such honorary positions as del- egate to county, state and national conventions. He was a member of the conventions which nomi- nated Horatio Seymour in 1868, and Grovcr Cleve- land in 1884. During a temporary residence in Erie, in 1862, he was unanimously nominated for Congress in that district, but the death of his only son soon after the event so depressed him that he subsequentl3' declined the nomination and re- moved to Columbia. He was nominated for the same office in Lancaster County in 1874, and, though he ran far beyond his party strength, his antagonist, Hon. A. Herr Smith, was elected. In 1841 Mr. Patton married Susan, daughter of Joseph Withers, who died in 1884. She was a de- vout Christian and a devoted wife. The couple entertained lavishly at their magnificent residence in Columbia. The fruits of the union were eleven children, three of whom, Annie V., wife of William Hayes Grier; Josephine, and Clara, wife of De- Witt C. Denney, survive and reside in Columbia. G= C5^ ,^lf^. -^^ »o PROF. WILLIAM WARD MOORE, A. M. To this gentleman is due the credit of mak- ing Franklin and Marshall Academy, of Lancaster, a success. In 1886 he and his estimable wife took charge of the institution, which then had enrolled only six pupils. It has constantly grown and now numbers sixty-three students. As the name of the academy indicates, it stands in close connection with Franklin and Marshall College and partakes of all the advantages, both in point of location and general management, of that noted place of learning. The object of the academy is to provide a preparatory school for Franklin and Marshall College, but the standard of instruction is so high that students are prepared for any other first-class college in the United States. Professor Moore was born in McConnellstown, Huntingdon County, Pa., December 24, 1849. His paternal grandfather, Charles Moore, was a native of Ire- land, was a faruier by occupation, and in religious faith was a Presbyterian. The Professor's father, Thomas Moore, was like him a na'.ive of McCon- nellstown. He died in 1884, when in his sixty-fifth 3'ear. His wife, who was of Irish descent, before her marriage bore the name of Sarah Dunn. By their union were born three sons and a daughter, but onlj' one of the family survives. Until seventeen years of age the Professor con- tinued to reside in and near McConnellstown and then became a student in Kishacoquillas Academy and Williamsport Seminary, then pursued his studies in Mercersburg College, where he completed the Freshman year and in 1872 entered the Sophomore Class of Franklin and Marshall Col- lege. In 1873 he commenced his career as a teacher in Huntingdon County and continued there for several j^cars. In 1877 he went to Linn County, Iowa, and became Principal of a school in Wyom- ing, Jones County, a short time afterwards. In 1880 he returned to this state and was offered the principalship of Lumber City Academy, a position he held for a year. In August, -1886, Professor Moore located in Lancaster, where he had been appointed as Rector of Franklin and Marshall Academy. He has four assistant teachers and is meeting with an encour- aging degree of success in the management of the school. He has charge of several of the higher classes, being Professor of Mathematics, Latin and Greek. By a recent action of the Board of Trus- tees, ladies are entitled to admission into the regu- lar classes and are granted all advantages afforded the other sex. In 1887 Professor Moore received the degree of Master of Arts from Franklin and Marshall College. Mrs. Moore is Matron in the academy, is a most excellent and deserving lady A. H. HERSHKY. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 567 and endeavors to make the resident students feel at home and that she is speciall3' interested in their welfare. The marriage of Professor Moore was celebrated in Lisbon, Iowa, Februarj- 6, 1879, with Miss Ada Douglass, who was born in the same town as was her husband. Her paternal great-grandfather was a native of Scotland, who, on his coming to Amer- ica, settled in central Pennsylvania and was one of the pioneer teachers. Her grandfather followed the calling of a blacksmith in McConnellstown, near wliich place Mrs. Moore's father, Joseph Doug- hiss, was also born. He was a merchant for many years in that place and died in December, 1882. His wife, formerly Nancy Johnston, was born in the same locality as was her father, .James Johnston. He was a farmer by occupation and a soldier in the War of 1812. Mrs. Douglass died in April, 1889, leaving five children to mourn her loss, two others having preceded her to the better land. Pro- fessor and Mrs. Moore have two children, Ralph D. and Carl B. In his political faith our subject uses his influence and ballot in favor of the Prohi- bition part}-. £)#(^ (TT^ NDHKW H. HERSHEY, Sheriff of Lancas- / — \ ter County, is acceptably discharging the duties of the ofHce, and the people are well satisfied with his manner of conducting affairs. Aside from his otticiul position he is one of the most successful and prominent businessmen of the county, being the proprietor of a general store at Cordelia, and having an extensive trade as a coal and lumber merchant. He was born in EastHemp- fleid, April 9, 1850, and is the son of John L. and the grandson of Andrew Hershey, natives of the above township, where they were farmers by occu- pation. The former was also the owner of a coal yard in Petersburg, and was a fine example of the self-made man. He departed this life in 1891, when in the seventy-third year of his age. t The mother of our subject, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Haulen, was born in Petersburg, 25 East Ilempfield Township, and departed this life when sixty-three years old. She was the mother of seven children, all of whom are living. Andrew H., of this sketch, was the recipient of a good edu- cation, and when twenty-five years of age started a coal and lumber yard at Petersburg. In 1876, in company with his father, he opened a coal and lumber yard, of which he assumed the entire man- agement. The following year another brother |)urcliased the interest of the father in the business, and in addition to trading in lumber and coal the brothers began handling leaf tobacco extensively', and also raised that weed on land which they owned. Mr. Hershey is still interested in the yard and the tobacco warehouse in Petersburg. In 1888 the original of this sketch removed to the village of Cordelia, in West Hempfield Town- ship, and opening up a large stock of general mer- chandise, did a paying business from the first. The postotlice was located in his establishment and he succeeded in having one of his clerks appointed Postmaster. In the fall of 1893 he removed from Cordelia to Mountville, but, as above stated, still maintains his business interests in the former vil- lage. He is a stockholder and Director of the People's National Bank of Lancaster, stockholder in the Northern National Bank of this city, and in the Agricultural Implement Factory at Mount- ville. In 1890, upon the Republican ticket, Mr. Hershey was elected a member of the Board of Prison In- spectors, and the first year served as its Secretary, one year officiated as Treasurer, and during the last year of his service was President of the Board. In the spring of 1893 he was the successful candi- date for the office of Sheriff, being nominated by a majority of nineteen hundred and forty-nine votes over his three competitors, and in November following was elected by over eight thousand ma- jority. In January of 1894 he took the oath of office. To aid him in carrying out the law he has three deputies, namely: Chief Deputy A. L. Galla- gher, M. B. Dissinger and F. W. Hall. He is a man well- qualified by natural gifts for his responsible position, the duties of which he discharges in a manner highly satisfactory to his fellow-citizens. January 2, 1877, Mr. Hershey was united in mar- 568 POETRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. riage with Miss Salinda B., only child of John M. Kauefman, of East HerapfieW Township. An in- fluential Republican, our sui)ject has served as a member of the County Committee and has borne an lionorable part in the civic life of his county. He stands high in the various social orders to which he belongs, being connected with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows in Columbia, and the Mystic Chain in Mountville. lie is well known as one of the prosperous business men of the com- munit}', and his many fine qualities of head and heart have placed him high in the regard of his fellow-men. BERNARD J. McGRANN. The native born citizens of Lancaster County have come rapidly to the front in various lines of work. The gentleman above named is one of the shrewdest and most intelligent business men in Lan- caster, worthily representing an honored ancestry. He is the son of Richard and Alice (.Sheridan) Mc- Grann, and was born in Manheira Township, on the New Holland Pike, June 24, 1837. This farm is located just one mile northeast of Lancaster, where Mr. McGrann makes his home, althougii bis business interests are centered in the city. The father of our subject was a native of Ire- land, having been born in County Cavan, and in 1819 emigrated to America. He had been mar- ried three years previously to Miss Sheridan, who was also a native of County Cavan, and on arriving in this country engaged in railroad contracting. Later, however, he was largely interested in the banking business in Lancaster and owned the estate on which our subject now resides. In politics Rich- ard McGrann was a stanch Democrat and always manifested great interest in the success of his party. The father of our subject departed this life Oc- tober 14, 1867, and the community learned of his death with great sorrow. He was one of the oldest and best railroad contractors in the state, having entered into his first work in 1820. In the con- duct of that work ho showed himself to be indus- trious, energetic and honest. He gradually ac- quired wealth, and in 1857 he established a bank- ing house in Lancaster. He was very successful, and always noted for his liberality and genial dis- position. During the entire period of his life in this state Mr. McGrann was in some way connected with most of the public improvements, and when such a man departed he left a void not easily sup- plied. The parental family of our subject included four sons and three daughters, namely: Richard, Brid- get, Elizabeth, John, Alice, Patrick and Bernard J. Alice became the wife of John McGonigle, who was four times Mayor of Lancaster. All the mem- bers of the family- with the exception of our sub- ject are deceased. The mother of these children, who was a devout member of the Catholic Church, departed this life in 1848. Bernard J., of this sketch, was the recipient of a fine education, having completed his higher studies in Mt. St. Mary's College at Emmetsburg, Md. On the death of his honored father he succeeded to the banking business, and for a number of years thereafter was extensively engaged in railroad work, building many of the important roads, among them the Catawissa extension from Milton to Wil- liamsburg, the Delaware & Boundbrook, including the bridge across the Delaware River, and the Pitts- burg & Erie from the former city to Youngstown, Ohio, a distance of some seventy miles. He located that road and completed it, turning it over to the company in one year, which was the shortest length of time in which a road of that length had been constructed in that day. The great railway bridge crossing the Ohio River at Beaver Point -is part of this line. On the death of his father our subject became a partner in the Reed, McGrann & Co. Banking House in Lancaster, a reliable institution com- manding a splendid business. Mr. McGrann is a member of the Catholic Church and an ardent Democrat in politics. He was brought prominent- ly before the public as candidate for the odice of State Treasurer and was a delegate to the conven- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 569 tion which nominated General Hancock for Presi- dent. January 3, 1872, Bernard J. McGrann was unit- ed in marriaj^e with Miss JIary Frances, daughter of Pliilip Daiigiiertj', of Harrisburg, this state, and to them have been liorn two sons, Richard P. and Frank. ^mi HENRY N. HOWELL, Chief Engineer of the Fire Department of Lancaster, is very much interested in tlie success of the sys- tem, and has made a study of llie best in use by the large cities. Under his supervision the Fire I)e|iartmcnt h.is been brought into excellent work- ing order, and few cities of the size have better fa- cilities and fewer disastrous conflagrations. The birth of our subject occurred in tiiis citv April 17, 1849, he being a son of Charles M. How- ell, a native of Philadelphia. His great-grandfa- ther, Amos Howell, owned the ferry at Trenton, and had the honor of cariTing over the Delaware River General Washington and some of his troops during the Revolutionary War. The family is of Scotch descent, and Amos, Jr., the grandfather of our subject, was born in the Quaker City and was engaged in the manuf.icture of coaches at the cor- ner of Eighth and Arch Streets. Charles M. How- ell was a mason and marble cutter, which trade he learned in Philadelphia. About 1843 he settled in Lancaster and opened a place of business on East King Street, where he remained for several years. He then removed to the location where the business is continued in his name by his son Henry. His shop and yards are at No. 135 North Queen Street, and a specialty is made of fine monuments- Many of the most valuable and largest pieces of work in this line have been done at this place, which is one of the oldest in the city. The father served for a term of tliree years as County Treas- urer, being elected on the Democratic ticket, the onlj' instance of the kind in the history of this count3% For two terms he also served as City Treasurer. In the First Presbyterian Church, to which he belongs, he has been a Trustee and an ac- tive member. He is very fond of skating, and to this day is noted for his skill in this sport as a fancy skater. His wife, Elizabeth, was born at the Michael House, now known as the American House, in Lancaster. She is the daughter of John and Elizabeth Michael, the former of whom was pro- prietor of the Micluael or Grape Hotel in former years, and continued in the hotel business until his death. He was of German descent and an ad- herent of the Lutheran faith. Mrs. Howell died October 22, 1877, leaving three children, two hav- ing preceded her to the better hand. F. R. How- ell is engaged in the marble business in this city, and Sallie P. became the wife of Rev. D. Lefever, a minister in the Reformed Church at Littles- town, Pa. Henry N. Howell received a good public school education, which was supplemented by a course of study in Franklin and Marshall College, which he entered in 1867, and was there a student until the close of his Sophomore year. With his father he then turned his attention to learning marble cut- ting, lettering, carving and other branches of the business. He remained emplo^-ed at that trade un- til February, 1882, when the present fire company was organized. From his seventeenth year he was a member of the Volunteer Fire Compan}', holding different positions, and was promoted to be Chief Engineer of the department, after serving as as- sistant for a year and a-half. When the present system was inaugurated he was elected by the Council to be Chief Engineer, and held that place for three and a-fourth years, during whicli time a new engine house was built. Upon a change of administration he resigned his position, and for the next seven years was engaged as formerly, in the marble business. In 1892 he was re-elected by the Council for a term of three years, and is now dis- charging the duties of the position. Under his superintendence there are five companies of men, witli three single and one double fire engine sta- tions, which have five steamers and other supplies. The city water works furnish an abundance of wa- ter for the putting out of fires, and the call sys- tem is in use. From last year's report it appears 570 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. that there were only thirty-six fires where the loss amounted to much of anythinp;, and the entire Are loss was very light. Mr. HowuU organized the Pompier Corps, a life-saving society, of which there are very few in the United States. In 1885 Mr. Howell married Anna M. Burger, who was born and reared in tliis city, and who is the daughter of Henry Burger, a contractor. Two children, a son and a daughter, have come to grace the union of our subject and his estimable wife, respectively, Henry B. and Ethyl E. Mr. Ilowell is a member of the First Presb3'terian Church of this city, to which his wife also belongs. For the purpose of extending his knowledge and fraternal intercourse he became a member of the National Association of Fire Engineers of the United States, and met with them at their Long Branch and Chi- cago conventions. Politically Mr. Howell uses his right of franchise in favor of the Democracy. ^^^^^,i ^•!"i>**'? WILLIAM HUGHES LOWELL, D. D. S., hasa very large patronage in Lancaster and is engaged in practice at No. 10 East Orange Street. In everything pertaining to his work he is practical and fully abreast of the times, bringing to bear upon it excellent judg- ment, extended knowledge and more than ordinary common sense. Probably in few branches have there been such wonderful discoveries and progress as in dental surgery, and the Doctor has been a stu- dent since becoming identified with the profession. A native of Frederick City, Md., Dr. Lowell was born September 7, 1861, and is of Irish descent on the paternal side. His great-grandfather Lowell came to this country from County Armagh, Ire- land, landing in Quebec, but soon afterward located in Frederick City, where he passed the remainder of his life. He was a railroad contractor and was employed on the construction of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. His son, the grandfather of our subject, was also born in Ireland, received a fair education and was a general contractor. He came to llie United States when young, was married on attaining his maturity, and lived all his life there- after in Frederick Cit^'. He was a member of the Catholic Church, and his wife, who also belonged to the congregation, was before her marriage to him Mrs. (McMahan) Hughes. James P. Lowell, the father of our subject, was born in Frederick City, Md., April 7, 1837. He has a sister, Catherine, living in Lancaster, she be- ing the wife of A. A. Meyers, a tailor. James Low- ell learned the trade of an iron molder, and his main work in life has been in the iron business, tak- ing contracts and being the owner of shops in dif- ferent parts of the country. The last one that he operated was situated at Waynesboro, Pa., but now he is working on contracts, era|)loying about eighty men. He is a stanch Democrat and was Postmaster under Cleveland's first administration, having been a leader in the party while a resident of Waynes- boro. By his marriage with Mary Catherine Trice, he had seven children, William H. being the eld- est, and the others as follows: Agnes; Blanche, now Mrs. H. C. Henneberger; Charles, deceased; Arthur, Grace and Josephine. AVilliam H. Lowell received his primary educa- tion in the public schools of Lincoln, Loudoun County, Va., and learned the machinist's trade in the shops of his father at Waynesboro, serving a regular apprenticeship of three years. On complet- ing his trade he worked for two j'ears as a journey- man and then took up the study of dentistry with a tutor. In 1886, after taking a course of instruction) he was graduated from the University of Maryland at Baltimore, from the Dentistry Department, and at once engaged in practice in this city where he is still located. He numbers among his pa- tients the very best class of people of this locality, and is making admirable progress in his work. He is a member of the Harris Dental Association, the State Dentist Society and the International Medi- cal Congress. The Doctor always attends the im- portant conventions of dentists, and was present at their congress in Chicago duriugthe World's Fair. October 15, 1892, Dr. Lowell was united in mar- riage with Miss Rebecca Rhoades, who has since passed away. She was a daughter of H. Z. Rhoades, I PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 571 one of the pioneers of Lancaster, and was a lady of good education and many qualities which endeared iier to all. Heli<|:iously our subject is a member of the Cath- olic Church and belongs to the beneficial societies connected therewith. A leading 3'oung Democrat, he is Vice-President of the Young Men's Club and socially belongs to several German singing socie- ties. :S#^(^ HENRY F. HARTMAN. The German-Amer- ican citizens form a very important ele- ment in tlie i)Oi)ulation of Lancaster Coun- ty, where they are known as law-abiding and pro- gressive men, devoted to the interests of their adopted home. One of their number is the subject of this sketch, who is engaged in the lime business in Witmer, where his kilns are located. Our subject was born in Bavaria, Germany, .Jan- uary 20, 1831, and received his education in his native land. In .September, 1849, thinking to bet- ter his condition in the New World, of which he had so often heard such glowing accounts, he em- barked on a vessel which landed him in this coun- try after a tedious voyage of some weeks. Prior to coming hither, our subject served in the German army in the rebellion of 1849. lie had learned the trade of a painter in his native land, but on making his home in America commenced to work out on farms in the Empire State. He re- mained there for a year, when we find him located in Berlintown, N. J. After a twelvemonth in the employ of different men, j'oung Hartman purchased forty-three acres of land, and there followed farm- ing for four or five years. At the expiration of that time he sold his New Jersey property and, coming to this state in 1861, bought his first farm in this county. It comprised only eight acres, however, but to this Mr. Hartman added until he now has a thirty-three-acre tract, well improved in every particular. On it is located his lime kilns, and in the manufacture of this material he gives employment to ten men and runs three teams. He does about ^7,000 worth of business each year, and sells his lime in Lancaster and Philadelphia. It is of a very superior qu.ality, and is greatly in de- mand by builders in the larger cities. Mr. Hartman votes the Democratic ticket and upholds its principles with fidelitj'. In 1885 he was elected County Commissioner, holding the of- fice for a term of three 3'ears. Socially, he belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., also to the Chapter and Commander}'. He also belongs to the Schiller Society, a German Benevolent Society of Lancaster. Our subject in 1857 was married to Miss Cath- erine Krantz, also a native of Bavaria. By her union with Mr. Hartman there were born nine children, of whom Lizzie and Henry are deceased. Chris was killed in 1890 on the railroad; Anna is the wife of John Road; Katie married J. D. Long; and David, Jacob and John are single. Oui sub- ject is a member of the Mennonite Church, and at all times and on all occasions it is his aim to do what he considers his duty as a citizen. 3-H-5-4- .•{•♦•{••ft i.{•.J..}..5.l^^'.J..^.}..^.| T~^ LMER K. SHAUB, D. V. S.,is a very clever r^O and enterprising young physician, and in company with his father, an old and ex- perienced veterinary surgeon, has the largest prac- tice in this line in Lancaster County. Dr. E. K. Shaub was born in Willow Street, of this county, April 23, 1868, and his boyhood was principally passed in the city of Lancaster, where he was graduated from the high school in 1887. On beginning his medical studies, Dr. Shaub en- tered the American College of Veterinary Surgery in New York City, where he pursued the required course, and was graduated m 1890 with the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Surgery. Returning to Lancaster, he embarked on his career in company with his father, but in the fall went to Coatesville, Chester County, where he remained until January, 572 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 189.4, and succeeded in building up a good repu- tation for practical and correct knowledge of the best methods used by leading surgeons. Since the first of the year he has been once more associ- ated with his father, and now makes a specialty of veterinary dentistry, in which he is succeeding ad- mirably. The veterinary stable or hospital is well equipped with padded box stalls and everything necessary in most convenient shape. The young Doctor is a Republican in polities, and is a very clever and popular member of society, rapidly winning friends, and what is even more, possess- ing the faculty of retaining them. J. C. Shaub, D. V. S., who has long been con- sidered one of the ablest practitioners of Lancas- ter, was born in Lampeter Township, June 3, 1843. His father. Christian W., was a native of the same township, having been born in Big Springs Hotel. The grandfather of the Doctor, whose given name was Christian, was born in Wurtemberg, German}', and came to the United States with his wife, settl- ing near Big Springs, Lampeter Township. He was a very wealthy farmer, owning a place of about two hundred acres, and having large sums of money invested in various concerns and enter- prises. He was somewhat of a veterinary surgeon, being ver}' practical in his ideas. In religious faith he was a Mennonite, and his death occurred on his homestead at the age of fifty-four years. His wife, Anna Witmer before her marriage, was born in Germany, though her parents were natives of Sweden, and her death occurred in this county. The Doctor's father was a successful farmer and speculator. Though at one time he was worth $100,000, he lost it in three months' time by going security for a certain party. He then returned to his profession, that of veterinary surgery, and also conducted his farm until he was called from his labors in May, 1893, when in his seventy-seventh year. He was an active Republican, and religious- ly held to the faith of his father. On arriving at maturity he married Miss Mary, daughter of Sam- uel Shroad, who was born and reared in Ireland. He was a Catholic, but in his later years he became a Protestant. By trade a tailor, he was very suc- cessful as a hotel-keeper. He died at New Dan- ville in 1874, when about sixty-eight years of age. His wife, formerly Margaret Gast, was born in Rotterdam. Mrs. Shaub resides at Willow Street - and is now nearly sixty-nine years of age. Of her ten children who grew to] maturity and who are now living, the Doctor is the eldest. From his early youth Dr. Shaub was very fond of horses, and was considered the finest horseback rider in the country, his services being always in requisition for breaking and training the noble animals. At the age of sixteen he started out in life for himself as a clerk in Boer's book store. At the end of nine months he began traveling, giving exhibitions in riding in Cleveland, Indian- apolis, Chicago, San Francisco and other places. Wiiile in Indianapolis he attended for two sessions a private veterinary school, and returned to com- plete the course after making an ocean voyage to Mexico and Florida. In 1863 he volunteered liis services in Company 11, One Hundred and Twenty- second Pennsylvania Infantry, and was on duty in Virginia, where lie paiticipated in a number of skirmishes. At the end of a year he was mustered out, and then re-enlisted in May, 1864, in the Pennsylvania militia, mounted infantry, and re- ceived his final discharge in October of the same year. On beginning his active practice. Dr. Shaub re- turned to his birthplace, and for a while was with his father in the business. Afterwards he prac- ticed alone therefor a number of years and raised some high grade horses, buying and selling also. In the spring of 1879 he came to Lancaster, and has since been engaged in practice. He makes a specialty- of veteriuarv dentistry, and his time is fullj' taken up with the large number of cases that are placed under his care. His veterinary hospital is located at No. 44 Market Street, and he is fre- quently called to the neighboring counties of York, Chester, Berks and Lebanon. In other years he sometimes went even into northern Maryland, but now his dutius are nearer home. For eleven out of fourteen years past he has been City Veter- inarian, which fact shows what a reputation he bears as master of his calling. The residence of Dr. Shaub is on North Queen Street, and in this city he was married in .June, 1866, to Miss Catherine Kautz, by whom he has PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 573 had six children: Elmer, Jacob, Mary K., Venette K., \'ioia K. and .Mal>el K. The two sons are fol- lowing their father's occupation, tiie j'ounger be- ing now a student in tiie Wasliington Veterinary College. In his political alliliatious the Doctor is a stanch Republican. THOMAS BAUMGARDNER is one of the oldest business men and early settlers of Lancaster, and is now in the employ of his nephew, llenr}' K., who is proprietor of the B. B. Martin Lumber and Coal Yards. He was a pioneer in the coal business of Pennsylvania, having built the first colliery in the Shaniokin A'alley. He managed to Jicquire a comfortable fortune, which he was so unfortunate as to lose about three yeai-s ago on account of going security for parties who proved to be irresponsible. A native of York County, Pa., our subject w.as born December 20, 1816, being a son of Thomas Baumgardner, whose history appears in the sketch of his son, Henry K., to be found elsewhere in this volume. Until thirteen years of age Thomas at- tended the common schools of his birthplace, when, though so young, he was obliged to begin his act- ive career in life. Since that time he has been act- ive and industrious in all the intervening years, being a man of enterprise and industrious habits. For five years he was a clerk at Carlisle, Pa., in the store of Thomas E. Lane, and in March, 1835, cast in his lot with the inhabitants of Lancaster. For the first year and a-half he was a clerk for Henry P. Carson, later becoming a partner in the business. This connection existed until 1840, when our subject purchased a piece of land at the cor- ner of North Queen and Center Streets, and there engaged in mercantile business on his own account for the succeeding twelve j-ears. However, as early as 1842 he began his ventures in the coal business, his sales reaching as high as one thousand tons per annum. The coal was brought by way of the Susquehanna River in canal and flat boats as far as Columbia. Subsequently his brother Henry became a partner in the concern, and still later his, son .loiin II. was admitted to the firm. The two last named are now sole proprietors of the business. This firm had only one predecessor in the city in this line of trade, a Robert .lohnson, who had started in a small way some five years previous. Our subject was the first shipper of an- thracite coal from the Shamokin Valley to Boston, it being transferred to Delaware City by canal and river. In former 3'ears he was also interested in the sand industry in Lewistown, Pa., and also in the iron business in Virginia. In 1844 Mr. Baumgardner was one of the originators of the cotton mill industries of Lan- caster, and contributed largely in the construc- tion of several plants. In past years he took an active part in many of the local and general in- dustries and improvements, having been a Direc- tor in the Philadelphia and Sunbury Railroad, the Lancaster County Bank, the Cit}- Bank, the Lan- caster Savings Institution, the Northumberland County Bank, the Lancaster Fire Insurance Com- pany and the Reading tt Columbia Railroad Com- pany. After using his influence for obtaining a charter from the State Legislature he succeeded in building the railroad in 1868, which wassoldsoon afterward to the Reading Railroad Company. A j'ear later he was a prime mover and the principal owner in the Junction & Breakwater Railroad in Delaware, subsequently sold to the Old Dominion Steamship Company. At one time he was Presi- dent of the Enterprise Coal Company, and in com- pany with his brother Henry and nephew John H. and five other citizens of Lancaster, built the city gas works. This in brief is the history of the many and varied business ventures of this truly remarkable man, and his fellow-citizens will prob- ably never realize how large a share he has taken in the upbuilding and general prosperity of this now flourishing city. March 5, 1840, Mr. Baumgardner married Miss Susan Ann, daughter of John and Ann M. (Boyer) Hoflf, all of this city. Of this union have been born the following children: Mary E., Mrs. Eber- man, of Lancaster; John H., who is represented 574 POKTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. elsewhere in this work; Ellen L., wife of James Patterson; Margueretta A., wife of Wilson H. Jen- kins, a practicing attorney at Camden, Del.; Susan A., Mrs. F. R. Howell, of Lancaster; David L., de- ceased, and Eliza A:, who became the wife of Paul Gerhart, of this city. The Hoff family originated in Westerburg, Germany, and the grandfather of Mrs. Baumgardner, Jolin G. Hoff, was one of the early settlers of Lancaster. His son, John, w.as a watch and clock maker by trade, and later became Cashier of the Farmers' Bank. eHRISTIAN WISE, senior member of the firm of C. AVise & Bro., is a very success- ful and enterprising business man and was formerly a member of the Common Council of Lancaster. During the War of the Rebellion he donned the blue and went to the defense of the Union, and during his arduous service received severe wounds ou two different occasions. The birth of Christian Wise occurred in Baden, Germany, December 18, 1845, he being a son of Adam Wise, whose history is given in the biog- raphy of John V. Wise. Our subject was only one and a-half years old when his parents left the Fa- therland on a sailing-vessel, and after forty-five days upon the Atlantic landed in Baltimore. The boyhood of the lad was passed in Lancaster, where for a time he attended the common schools, but was early set to work in a brickyard. He attended school during the winters for some years and at that time also learned cigar making. February 25, 1864, he enlisted in Company C, Second Penn- sylvania Heavy Artillery, being mustered in at Philadelphia and sent to the front. With ttie Army of tlie Potomac he participated in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor, and the siege of Petersburg. Afterward he was trans- ferred to tiie Arm}' of the James, being under General Butler until the surrender at Appomat- tox Court House. July 4, 1864, while on picket duty near Petersburg, on the Richmond &: Norfolk Rail- road, he was wounded, a bullet passing through his riglit cheek and coming out at the back of the neck. He was sent home on a furlough, but when less than a month had elapsed was again on duty with his regiment, of which he became Corporal. While neay Petersburg, June 17, 1864, he received a buckshot wound in the left knee. His final dis- charge occurred in Februaiy, 1866, at City Point, Va. On his return from tlie south Christian Wise was for a time employed in the cigar trade, and in 1870 entered into partnership with his father and brother to embark in ihe brick business, to wliioh he has since given all his energies. The brick- yards and kilns are finely equipped with modern machineiT and appliances and turn out larger prod- ucts than any otiier concern in the city. A more extended and detail account of the plant is given in the sketch of John V. Wise, the other member of the firm. About 1869 Mr. Wise served as a member of the City Council for one term, having been elected on the Democratic ticket. He is very active in the ranks of his party and has frequeutl}' served as Judge of Elections and on the petit juries. In the spring of 1881 be went to Chesterfield County, Va., there engaging in general farming until the fall of 1882, when he returned to this city. Socially he belongs to Monterey Lodge, I. O. O. F., and to the Knights of Pythias. The pleasant residence of Mr. Wise, which is lo- cated on St. Joseph Street, is a substantial brick structure and was erected by the owner. lie was married in August, 1866, to a native daughter of Lancaster, Miss Emma Pyle, whose father, P'red- erick Pyle, was formerly a distiller of this place. Seven children grace the union of Mr. and Mrs. Wise: Emma, Adam, Frederick, Mamie, Louisa, Kate and Minnie. Tiie eldest daughter is the wife of John K.Warren, of Lancaster, and the two eldest sons are in business with their father. The z < > > ■Si z, w 2i K H 'J Z w H CJ W Sl. in O a o 0 WILLIAM G. RINKLEY, M. D. The city of Lancaster is not without her share of members of the learned pro- fessions who are a credit to the pursuits they have chosen and to the town itself. Among those who have taken up the calling of medical prac- titioners is Dr. Binkley, who devotes himself as- siduoush" to his practice and the scientific investi- gation which will enhance his professional knowl- edge and skill. He is well established in reputa- tion as a physician and recognized as among the able practitioners of the county. Our subject was born near Lampeter, this coun- ty, March 4, 1844, and is the son of .John Binkley, a native of East Lampeter Township. His grand- father, who bore the name of Felix Binkley, was also a native of this count}' and of German de- scent. He was a farmer by occupation and a de- voted member of the Baptist Church. The father of our subject was a merchant on the old Phila- delphia road, and there lived until his decease, in March, 1894, when eighty-three years of age. He was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Churcli,in which body he was Class leader for five years. He was married to Miss Isabella, daughter of Isaac JIartin, a farmer of this county. Mrs. Binkley was lx)rn in East Lampeter Township, and her great-grandfather served as a soldier in the Revolutionary War. He was of Scotch-Irisli de- scent and an early settler of the above township. The mother of our subject departed this life when in her eightieth year. The parental family- numbered six children, all of whom grew to mature years with one exception. William G. was the third eldest. His brother .lohn during the late war served in the One Hun- dred and Ninety-sixth State Militia and is still liv- ing in Lancaster. Amarah, another brother, is a merchant at his father's old stand. Our subject was educated in the public schools and when sev- enteen years of age enlisted in Company C, One Hundred and Twent3'-second Pennsylvania In- fantry, and was mustered into service in the three months' call. He participated in the battle of Chan- cellorsville and numerous other engagements of note, in all of which he was Color Bearer. He was mustered out in Ma}', 1863, at Harrisburg, and returning home, entered the Millersville Nor- mal School, attending for two sessions. Young Binkley then taught school for the two terms fol- lowing in Upper Leacock Township. In 1865 the original of this sketch began read- ing medicine with Dr. A. M. Miller and two years later entered the medical department of a univer- sit}', from which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1869. He returned at once to Lancaster County, locating in Washing- 580 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ton, where he was engaged in the successful prac- tice of his profession for a quarter of a century. In March, 1894, however, he came to this city, having a finely equipped office located at No. 32 South Lime Street. Dr. Binkley was married in Washington in 1870 to Miss Frances, daughter of Jacob Staman, a farmer. Mrs. Binkley was highly educated and is a most estimable lady. Socially our subject is a member of General Walsh Post No. 118, G. A. R., at Columbia, and in politics he is a stanch Repub- lican. He is connected with the Lancaster County Medical Association and stands high in the medi- cal profession. r EVI L. KREIDER, engaged in the manu- I O facture of cigars at Witraer, is the son of Abraham and Susan (Landis) Kreider, and was born in Lampeter Township, June 18, 1844. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a farmer of the above township, owning two good estates, which bore a high class of improvements. Like most of the residents of this section, he was a Mennonite in religion. Of his family of five children, Abraham was the eldest but one. The father of our subject was reared to man's estate on his father's farm and educated in t!ie dis- trict school. When ready to establish in life for himself, he chose agriculture as his life work, and owned at one time two good farms, numbering one hundred and sixty acres. His sixty-acre tract was the first in the locality to sell for 8200 per acre. The father died in 1860, at the age of sixty-four. He was widely respected and universally esteemed by the entire community. In political matters he voted the Republican ticket, and worshipped in the Mennonite Church. The mother of our subject was the daughter of Benjamin Landis, a well-to-do farmer in the town- ship and a member of the old Landis family, which were very prominent in Lancaster County for many years. To Mr. and Mrs. Abraham Kreider there were born three sons and two daughters, bear- ing the respective names of Anna, now the wife of Jacob Lefever; Susan, David, John L. and Levi L. The mother is also deceased, passing away in 1884, at the age of eighty-three years. Siie, too, was a devoted member of the Mennonite Churcli and a most excellent lady. The original of this sketch firsl attended the conimon schools, and later completed his business training in the (.Quaker Citj' Business College. After leaving school he taught for five terms, and in 1878 established in business for himself, engag- ing in the mercantile trade at AVilmer, which he carried on with good success until 1889. The fol- lowing year Mr. Kreider began the manufacture of cigars, which business he has found to be very profit- able. He is carrying on a good trade, and gives employment to twelve men. In politics our subject is a stanch Republican, and in 1887 was elected Clerk of the Orplian Court for a term of three years. He has alwa^'s taken an active interest in school aflfairs,and for fifteen years was a member of the School Board, of which he was Secretary most of the time. He has been a delegate to the various county and state conven- tions, and does all in his power to forward the cause of his party. He is a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal Ciiurcli and takes an active interest in its work, having been Trustee for a period of fifteen years and Steward for five years. Levi L. Kreider and Jliss Lizzie Leamon were united in marriage .September 28, 1870. Tlie lady was the daughter of Isaac Leamon, and by her union with our subject became the niotiicr of two children: Milton L., now deceased, and Luetta L. TT> ZRA H. BURKHOLDER. This gentleman, I O who is one of the most prominent residents of Farmersville, occupies a high rank in the business world, and takes a prominent part in politics. He has been Justice of the Peace for a period of eighteen years, and in the fulfillment of the duties of that position gave entire satisfaction. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 581 He resigned in 1894 in order to become Notary Public, lie was one of the organizers .ind Direc- tors of the People's National Bunk of Lancjvster, which commenced business with a capital stock of $200,000. Mr. Burkholder is Secretary and Direc- tor of the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Company, which was organized March 3, 1883. Special at- tention is given to surveying, scrivening and set- tling of estates, etc. The Burkholder family is of German origin, and our subject is descended from one of three broth- ere, who emigrated to America in a ver}' early day, locating in Lanca.«ter County, where they followed farm pursuits. Abraham Burkholder, the great- grandfather of our subject, was born in West Earl Township, this county, and during his later years was an extensive land owner, having a large es- tate located on Couestoga Creek. lie was a Whig in politics, and a devoted member of the Mennon- ite Church. Christian Burkholder, the grandfather of our subject, was born on the old homestead in this county. lie, too, became the possessor of a large tract of land, a portion of which is now in posses- sion of Ezra H., of this sketch. Like his honored fatlier. Christian Burkholder, was connected with thf Mennonite Church, and after the organization of the Republican party voted for its candidates, lie mai'ried Miss Varonica Groff, by whom he be- came llio father of twelve children, namely: Setli, Magdalena, Elias, Ezra, Menuo, Catherine, Fannie, Groflf, Maria, Anna, Christian and Peter. They are all deceased with the exception of Elias, who is a wealthy cattle dealer at Sterling, 111.; Men no, engaged in farming in this township; Catherine, Mrs. .lohn II. Martin, residing on the old home- stead; Fannie, the wife of Adanj Myer, of Upper Leacock Township, this county; Groflf, living re- tired in the city of Lancaster; and Peter, an exten- sive farmer near Octavia, Neb. The grandfather died September 11, 1872, aged seventy-nine j'ears, tlirec months and nineteen days. His widow is still living, and is now in her ninety-fourth 3"ear. Ezra Burkholder, Sr., father of our subject, was born on the old homestead, December 31, 1826. Me attended the public scliools of his neighbor- hood, after which he spent some time as a student at an academy in Chester County. At the age of twenty-three he w.as made Deputy Register of Wills under the late George Brubaker, Esq., serv- ing from 1849 to 1851. After leaving the Regis- ter's office, Mr. Burkholder was elected to the office of Justice of the Peace of West Earl Township, and also engaged in surveying and scrivening, and at the same time carried on the printing business. He was repeatedly offered public positions, but al- ways refused, preferring to serve the people in le- gal matters at home. As a scrivener he was an expert, his penmanship was fine and his legal pa- pers drawn up with the skill of a lawyei*. He was a man of the strictest integrity-, and was entrusted with the settlement of many estates. Ezra Burkholder, Sr., was a Director in the Eph- rata National Bank, an active spirit in that insti- tution, and always manifested a great degree of interest in its success. He was one of the most prominent citizens in tins section of the county. He was always a warm friend to the poor, but never believed in letting his right hand know what his left hand had done. In 1854 Mr. Burk- holder was married to Miss Annie Hoffman, of Vogansville, a daughter of Christian Hoffman, at that time a merchant in the above village. His decease occurred .luly 12, 1890, resulting from apoplexy. He left his widow with two sons and three daughters, of whom our subject is the eldest. Mary married V. C. Sheetz, of Red Run; Amanda is the wife of Oscar Haekman, of Akron; Frances is the wife of J. K. Tobias, and Araos E. is reading law at Lancaster. He married Clara Bolster, of Ephrata, and resides on the old homestead. The subject of this sketch received his education ill the common and select schools of his native place, and when old enough entered his father's printing office and learned the "art preservative." In 1874 he edited the West Karl Banner, a bright and newsy sheet, which was in existence only two years. In 1879 Mr. Burkholder started the Guiding Star, which he conducted successfully for a period of eight years. As before stated our subject is in- terested in the People's National Bank of Lancas- ter, and the Earl Mutual Fire Insurance Company, in both of which he is a Director. Mr. Burkholder is active in all church work, and 582 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. is one of the Elders in the Reformed Church of the New Holland charge. For a number of years he has been Sunday-school Superintendent, and is much beloved by all the members of his schools. March 18, 1882, our subject was united in mar- riage with Miss Lizzie S., daughter of Jacob G. and Margaret Weidlcs, residents of Manheim Town- ship, this county. For three years Mr. Burkholder held the office of County Surveyor, and has been a delegate to county and state conventions sev- eral times. Gi (^ r. D ^ /'">' F. M ARKEL, M. D., a prominent physician , ^^y engaged in the practice of his profession in Columbia, is the son of Emanuel and Mag- gie (Fry) Markel, and was born November 13, 1852, in Shrewsbury, York County, this state. The family is of German ancestry and is well and fa- vorably known in this portion of the stale. The paternal grandfather of our subject, Harry Markel, was also born in the above county, where he carried on farm pursuits all his life. He was a Democrat in politics and was well respected in his community. He reared a farail}- of nine children, Harry, Levi, Charles, Emanuel, Samuel, Noah, Will- iam, Catherine and Elizabeth. The father of Dr. Markel, likewise a native of York County, was a blacksmith by trade, which he followed for a number of years with fair success. He is now engaged in business in Shrewsbury. \\\ politics he is a Democrat, and has served in the position of Constable for one term. The Reformed Church finds in him one of its most valued mem- bers, and the community recognizes him as among its most prosperous and reliable business men. During the late War he served as a soldier in u Pennsylvania regiment for eight months. In youth our subject was a student in the Shrewsbury Academy, where he acquired a good fund of useful information. Deciding to follow a professional life, he read medicine for a time, and then entered the Baltimore College of Physicians and Surgeons, receiving his degree of Doctor of Medicine with the Class of '76. The following year he located for practice in Winterstown, York County, where he remained for six years, and then came to Columbia. He has attained a high repu- tation in his profession; he is a man of excellent judgment, and bj' painstaking efforts he continu- ally adds to his theoretical knowledge and practi- cal skill. Di'. Markel is a member of the Lancaster Coun- ty Medical Association and the Pharmaceutical Association, having studied pharmacy with Drs. J. and E. 11. Geary, of Shrewsbury. He is a stanch Democrat in politics, and was elected on that ticket to the City Council from the Third Ward by a majority of over three hundred. In 1890 he was elected a member of the School Board, and ren- dered efficient service while connected with that body. The Doctor is interested in many of the notable enterprises in the city, and to-day he ranks among ' the wealthy and [jopular residents of Columbia, in whose welfare he takes great interest, and lias done much to further its advancement in an educational and financial way. In church affairs he is con- nected with the Lutheran Church, in which he has been Deacon for eight years, and for two years was Secretary of the Board. He is Tieasuier of the Columbia branch of the New York Building & Loan Association. In 1883 he opened a fine drug store here. He is the owner of much valuable real estate in the communitj', and is proving the truth of the old assertion that "industry will win in the race for fortune and position." Dr. C. F. Markel and Miss Zoma, daughter of Cornelius S. Beck, were united in marriage February 11, 1877. Their union has resulted in the birth of four children. HARRY M. HALL is a practical and wide- awake business man of Columbia, and is a coal merchant of some prominence throughout the county. He has an extensive trade, giving employment to eight men and runs con- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 583 stantly five wagons. His career up to the pres- ent time has been a most successful and deserv- ing one, and his prospects for tiie future are indeed promising. Our subject is the son of Aaron S. and Susan 11. (Swigert) Hail, and was born April 30, 186C, in Centerville, Lancaster County. The ancestor of our subject in this country came from Amsterdam, Holland. He was by name Aaron Hall, and ran away from home and was sold for his passage after landing in the United Slates. He was living in Washington at the time of his decease, when ad- vanced in years. He reared a family of seven children, namely: .lohn, Jacob, Kmanuel, Joseph. Henry, Catherine and Ann. Henr}', the grand- father of our subject, spent his entire life in this county, and owned a good one-hundrcd-acrc farm in East Hempfield Township, which he cultivated with fair results. He was a Democrat in politics and a devoted member of the Reformed Church in which he held the ollice of Deacon. The lad}^ to whom he was married was Miss Mary Shultz and to them were born two children. By his union with his second wife. Miss Ann Kuhns, he reared a family of seven children. Tlie original of this sketch acquired a fair edu- cation in the public schools of Landisville, after which lie took a coui-se in the Millersville Normal School. When completing his education young Hall learned the art of telegraph}', and was given a position as agent and operator at Landisville, holding the position for a period of three years. At the expiration of that time he came to Columbia, in 1880, accepted the position of bookkeeper for the Chestnut Hill Iron Ore Company, remaining with them for three years, when he transferred his allegiance to the Reading Railroad Company at Reading, where he was also bookkeeper, and re- mained until his marriage, in 1889. When leaving Reading our subject came to Co- lumbia and engaged in business with his father-iu- law, who was a coal and wood merchant. On the death of that gentleman, September 10, 1893, he succeeded to the business, and is carrying on an extensive trade, supplying many of the residents and business houses with coal and wood, and runs five wagons. Mr. Hall is also a stockholder in the Keely Stove Works, and has an interest in the silk milt. In politics he alwaj's votes the straight Demo- cratic ticket, and in religious affairs isa member of the Reformed Church, with which he has been con- nected for many years, and takes an active part in church and Sunday-school work. Sociall}', our subject is an Odd Fellow, belonging to Susque- hanna Lt)dge No. 88, of which he has been Secre- tary-, and also belongs to the Encampment. He is Secretary of Mt. Bethel Cemeter}' Association, and is in fact a man whose sketch will do honor to our volume and prove interesting to the many friends who hold him in the highest possible esteem. Harry M. Hall and Miss Ida R., daughter of George D. Huff, of this city, were united in marriage Jan- uary 10, 1889. •?f^ LA W H E N C E KNAPP is proprietor of Cy Knapp's Villa, on the Conestoga Creek, which is a charming and attractive place, particularly- during the summer. It has a histor- ical interest as well, for the old stone portion of the house was at one time the headquarters of William Penn. The grounds are beautifully laid out and the large old trees afford grateful shade to the wear\' traveler. Mr. Knapp is independently well off, is well informed on the general affairs of the day, and is much attached to this, the land of his adoption. A German by birth, his nativity took place in P'reudenberg-on-the-Main, in Baden, September 2,1827, and there his father, John Knapp, was born in the year 1789. His grandfather, Igna- tius Knapp, was a fruit grovver and wine merchant. Under the great Napoleon he took part in the bat- tle of Hamau, and engaged in transporting stores on the River Main. The father of our subject followed to a large extent the business formerly carried on b}' his fa- ther, and in his boyhood helped to run the boats on the river for the French Army. He became quite an extensive dealer in fruit and wine and also in 584 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. cattle. During the Revolution of 1848, in which he was officially interested, he was captured, his property confiscated and he himself placed in the work house. After they had robbed him of every- thing, he was finally pardoned by the German Government on condition that lie would leave the country. Lawrence Knapp in this emergency sent his parents every dollar he could spare and by this means they were enabled to leave the laud where they had fared so hardly, and came to this state, locating in Philadelphia, where the father's death occurred. Lawrence Knapp, who is the third in order of birth in bis father's family, passed his early years in the Fatherland, and from 1843 to 1847 learned brewing with Mr. Platz, now of Milwaukee. In 1847, having become proficient in his trade, he came to America and found work in the copper mines near Belleville, later becoming assistant en- gineer and aaving to devote to his work eighteen hours of the twenty-four. Thus it will be seen that the money which he sent like a dutiful son to his parents was earned by the hardest and repre- sented truly honest industry. In 1849 the mines were shut down and the young man went to Phil- adelphia. There he worked at his trade until 1853, when, in September, lie came to Lancaster, obtaining emplo3'ment with John A. Sprenger, with whom he was afterward a partner for about three years. His next move was to become Superintendent of a brewery and distiller3'. With that concern he was connected for about tiiirty years, and was at the head of affairs. In 1886 he sold out his inter- est to Joseph Hoeffer, and located on this farm, which he had owned since 1872. This beautiful villa consists of thirty-sis acres near the city limits and the proprietor has made all the improvements upon it himself. July 10, 1854, Mr. Knapp was married in Lan- caster to Mrs. Catherine (Spenger) Witmeyer, and they have had four children, John T., who is a machinist in the city; L. B., a photographer; Kate, wife of James Praugley, a brick manufacturer, and Louisa, who is at home. In politics Mr. Knapp is not tied to any party, but is independent, preferr- ing to use his right of franchise as he best sees fit. With his family he attends St. Anthony's Church and is most highly respected. When the first street car line was started in this vicinity he took great interest in the scheme and furthered it as far as he was able. He owns a good residence in the city, and has through years of industry amassed a comfortable fortune. -^^+^[ FREDERICK AUGUSTUS BEATES, one of Lancaster's highly- respected citizens, was born at Elizabeth Furnace in November 1830, and is a son of Rev. William Beates, whose birthplace was only about two hundred yards from the old home of George Washington in Philadel- phia. Our subject's Grandfather Beates was a to- bacconist in Philadelphia, and sold tobacco to members of Washington's army, but when General Howe learned of this fact, he had it locked up. Our subject's father was a minister in the Lutheran Cliurch and preached for twenty 3'ears near the Furnaces, and then removed to Lancaster, where he was made pastor of Zion's Lutheran Church. He finally resigned his pastorate and died at the age of niiiet3'-two years. Our subject's moth- er's maiden name was Mar^' Herbst, a native of Lancaster. Her parents were from Wurtemberg. Her father was a wine merchant on West King Street. The mother died at the age of seven tj'- five \ears. They reared a family of eleven chil- dren, six of whom are living, our subject being the 3'oungest son.. He was reared in Lancaster from the age of five 3'ears. He received his edu- cation at the common schools and afterwards at- tended school at Middletown,at Lititz school, and later at the Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg. Close confinement proved detrimental to his health and for about ten seasons he lived in the Alle- ghany Mountains. He always had a longing for farm life, so he purchased a farm amid the rocks and hills and set out a fine orchard of five acres and made beautiful tiie wild pl.ices. This five acre tract he transformed into a real paradise with ^K^fS^^I^^^^M W^- v^RP' ^'^ ^^^^^^^^H ^^^^^^^^^^B^ J^^^^^^^^^H K. ,j^S^^ 1? -'.'.oS" "^^ \^' ^^^\ ^^B yil'N Wk . ^\l!1 '^M ^^K:;, >JH ^. rj-l ^ H ^^^^^K,~'^'~' ■ ^Kt A: ^ ^B HON. JOHN J. PATTERSON. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 587 beautiful walks; a rapidly running stream of water with rocks and ferns makes the whole place one of picturesque beaut}'. June 1, 1893, he located in Laucaster on Cottage Avenue. He was united in marriage to Mis? Elizabeth Wetzel, a native of Lancaster, the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. John Wetzel, who were farmei-s; she died in June, 1893. Our subject's father was a noted man in his time; he preached in Lancaster County from young man- hood, the whole term of his ministry there extend- ing over a term of sixty years. When a mere boy our subject's father was on the street during the war with England, when a Britisli soldier caught him by the hair and demanded that he hurrah for General Howe; he refused to do this, but hurrahed for General Washington and tlie Continental Con- gress. This enraged the soldier, and he pulled a handful of hair from his head. His brother, C. E. Beates, served the Government as a surveyor in early days and surve^-ed out the wilds of Pennsyl- vania, and finally- settled on a thirty-three hun- dred and thirty-two acre tract of land in the wil- derness about Shaniokin. HON. JOHN JAMES PATTERSON, of Lan- caster, comes from a very old and hon- ored family in this region, as over two hundred years ago the founders of the American branch, two brothers, John and James, emigrated from Scotland, making a settlement in Bucks Coun- ty, where many of their descendants are still living, others having gone to different parts of the coun- trj'. The Hon. Mr. Patterson, whose name heads this record, represented his district in the Penn- s^ivania Legislature, and in 1872 was elected to the Senate from South Carolina, in which state he had been living for several 3'ears. In former years he was much interested in newspaper work and of late has been identified with many of the leading railroad enterprises of this locality. He is a ver3' prominent and influential man in all circles, whether financial, social or legislative. In tracing the ancestry of Mr. Patterson, we find 26 that the two brothers before mentioned were mer- chants who came from Ireland about 1701, set- tling at Trappe, Bucks County. Our subject is in the direct line of descent from John, and many of the same surname in this county are dis- tant connections of his family, and among these was Judge Patterson of Lancaster, who is now ileceased. For two hundred years the family has been conspicuous in the political and public life of this city and other portions of the state, and in all the wars of the country they have been well represented by able men. John Patterson, the grandfather of our subject, lived in Tuscarora Valle3', Juniata County, Pa., and during the War of the Revolution was in active service for five 3'ears. In politics he was a Federalist and served as Clerk in the Prothonotaiy's office in Cumber- land Count3', and became a leading promoter and President of the Juniata Bank at Lewistown. He afterwards removed to Mifflin (now Juniata) Coun- 13-, establishing the first store in its limits, was em- inentl>' successful in his financial undertaking, and at the time of his death was one of the wealthiest men in the county. He was a member of the Presbyterian Church and a man of strict integrity and upright principle. By his wife, formerly Isa- bella L3on, of Juniata County, he had the follow- ing children: William; James, who died at Bal- timore, Md , during the cholera epidemic of 1832; Robert, Andrew, John; Margaret Sterrett, who be- came the mother of Judge James Patterson Sterrett, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Pennsyl- vania, and Jane. The mother of these children was born in 1770 and died in 1858. On the pa- ternal side the grandmother of our subject was a relative of Samuel Wilson, who was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. William Hart Patterson, the father of our sub- ject, was a merchant and very successful business man. He departed this life August 30, 1858, aged fift3'-nine years. In politics he was a Whig and later became identified with the Republican party. Religiously he was connected with the Presbyterian Church and belonged to the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. By his wife, who was formerly Mary A. Wilson, he had two sons and three daugh- ters, the eldest of whom, George, died at the age 588 PORTEAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. of twenty-one years. The second child, Jane, mar- ried Judge Sterrett, of tlie Supreme Court of Penn- sylvania, a member of one of the oldest families of Juniata County, as his ancestors were among the pioneers of that region. For a period of twenty years the Judge has been a member of the Supreme Bench and is a very prominent man in legal and political circles. Anna became the wife of Samuel Van Dike, of Wisconsin; Salina, wife of Samuel Baird, is a resident of Iowa; .John James is fifth in order of l)irth in this familj^, and he was born August 8, 1830, at Waterloo, Juniata County. The Hon. Mr. Patterson received his elementary schooling in the common schools of his native place, and later attended tiie Tuscarora Academy in Juniata County and graduated from the Jeffer- son College, where he was a student at the same time that James G. Blaine was at Washington Col- lege. After leaving school Mr. Patterson became the editor of the Harrisburg Daily Telegraph, this being in 1853, and this journal he conducted for ten years, on the expiration of which time he went to Mifflintown, where lie afterwards organized the Juniata Valley Bank. In 1869 he went to South Carolina on business and continued to make his home there for about ten years, during which time he was elected to the United States Senate as a Representative from South Carolina, being a mem- ber of the Congressional body at the same time as was the noted statesman from Maine, James G. Blaine, from 1873 to 1879. During the Civil War, Mr. Patterson enlisted at thebeginning for three months' service, responding to the first call for troops, and was placed on Gen- eral Williams' staff as aide-de-camp and was ap- pointed Captain of the fifteenth Pennsylvania In- fantry some time later. In 1862 he was made Paymaster, and at the end of one year's service was obliged to resign on account of sciatica, re- ceiving an honorable discharge. For a number of years subsequently lie was interested in the horse- cars and electric railroads being constructed at Bloomington, 111., and in Wilkes Barre and Lancas- ter. In 1893 he came to this city, and is President of the Pennsylvania Traction Company, which owns all the street railway property of this coun- ty and now contemplates the construction of sev- enty-five miles of road within its limits and a line between Harrisburg and Philadelphia. In 1855 Mr. Patterson married Miss Lucretia E. Moore, by whom he had four children, namely; William H., who is in charge of tlie street railway in Bloomington, 111.; Silas M., in business with his father in Lancaster; Mary W., living at home, and John J., Jr., a lawyer located at Mifllintown, Pa. The wife and mother departed this life in AVash- ington City in 1884, and in 1887 he was married to Miss Mildred May Frank, of Wisconsin. This lady died in November, 1889. Hp was married to his present wife. Miss Flora Marcie Warfood, of Pbiladelpiiia, in February, 1893. In his political faith Hon. Mr. Patterson is a Republican of the truest stamp, and has always been extremely active in everything pertaining to tlie success of the party with which he is identi- fied. Both wliile he was in the United States Sen- ate and at all other times has his voice been heard on the side of a protective tariff and in support of the broad and well laid platform of tlie Republican party. Socially he is a Mason, and in his personal character and relations with his fellow-citizens he bears a veiy enviable reputation .as a man of honor, strict integrity and true merit. — s- ^>^Mr<^ J A COB BAKER LONG, stock commission broker of Lancaster and one of its shrewd and successful business men, is well and fa- vorably known throughout this portion of the state. Throughout almost his entire life he has been identified with the interests of tliis city. He was born here October 25, 1849, and is a rep- resentative of one of the oldest families in the county. His paternal grandfather, who was of German descent, was an active member of the Lutheran Church and interested in all good works. The father of our subject, John F. Long, was born in Lancaster and was a a lifelong resident of this city, of which he was a prominent citizen, do- PORTRAIT AND BIOORAPHICAL RECORD. 589 ing much toward advancing its material interests. He was proprietor of a finely equipped drug store at JCo. 12 Nortli Queen Street, and was in tiialline of business for a period of sixty years. His death occurred in 1884, when he was in his seventy- seventh year. He was always interested in the welfare of tiic community and aided in whatever way he could in promoting its progress. In poli- tics he was a Republican and on that ticket was elected County Treasurer, tilling that position for three years. Like his father before him, he was a devoted member of the Lutheran Church. The mother of our subject was Louisa, daughter of Rev. John C. Baker, who for a quarter of a cen- tury was pastor of the Trinity Lutheran Cliurch of Lancaster. He was a member of the General Syn- od of the Lutheran Chuich.a fine scholar and very intluentiai in theological and ctiucalional affairs. His death occurred in Philadelphia. Mrs. Long was born in Germantown in 1814, and died in 1892, at the age of seventy-eight. To John F. Long and his wife were born seven children, six of whom attained mature years and five are n(iw living. Jacob B.,who was the young- est but one, received his education in the common schools and the Yeates Institute. During the late war his brother, Jolin C, was Lieutenant in Com- pany D, One Hundred and Twenty-second Penn- sylvania I nfantr3', afterwards promoted to the rank of Aid to the Brigade Commander on account of valor. Our subject took a commercial course in East- man 's Business College in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., from which he was graduated, and in 1867 entered a banking house on Wall Street, New York. A short time afterward, however, he returned to Lancaster and entered the emplo}' of the Reed-McGrann Companj', a private banking institution. For three years he was employed in stock brokerage, then became paying teller in the Farmers' National Bank, in which capacity he was employed for two and one-half years. In 1879 Mr. Long began in business for himself as stock commission broker, and being a careful manager and a good financier, he stands well in the business world. He was one of the original stockholders in the Lancaster City Railway and a prime factor in the establishment of the electric street railway here. He was interested in all the roads in Lancaster and was the first to solicit for the first road built in 1884 to the fair grounds. He was Director in all the railways until Febru- ary, 1894, when the entire system was sold to Hon. J. J. Patterson. For five years he was a stockholder and secretary of the Lancaster Count}' Fair Asso- ciation. In this city in June, 1881, he married Mrs. Ellen (Hayes) Hager, daughter of Hon. A. L. Hayes, who was an honored Judge of the courts in Lancaster for many years. In religious matters he is a member of the Trinity Lutheran Church, and in politics alwaj's casts his vote for Republi- can candidates. \ 'X ^ ILLIAM B. GIVEN. Few professional \/ \/ or business men of Columbia have been more active in supporting its industries in a substantial way than this gentleman, who is a leading member of the Lancaster County Bar, and has also been admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of the state and of the United States. He is a man of great public spirit, has been actively concerned in education.al affairs, and has been so- licitor of the city for three years. Politically, he is a Democrat, and a leading adherent to the party, being Chairman of the County Committee, and in 1892 was sent as a delegate to the convention which nominated Cleveland. In 1886 he was a candidate for Congress, but was defeated, owing to the fact that his party was in the minority. The Given family is of Scotch-Irish descent, and our subject's great-grandfather on the paternal side was one of the early settlers in the village of Columbia. He became extensively engaged in lumbering when this article was brought on rafts down the river. He became quite prosperous, and at the time of his death possessed considerable wealth. Politically, he was a Democrat, and was a man of prominence in the community wherein he dwelt. A very active worker in the Methodist 590 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Episcopal Chm-cli, he bore a high reputation for personal integrity and worth. He married Miss Mercer, and had eight children. The father of our subject, William F. CTiven, was born iu Columbia and received a common-school education. Follow- ing in his father's footsteps, he was employed in the lumber business, and retired quite early in life with an ample competeucy. He was a Director in the Columbia National Bank and in the Columbia Bridge Company. In tlie Methodist Episcopal Church of this place he held membership, and in politics was a Democrat. In 18C2 he departed this life, leaving his wife and three children to mourn his loss. The former, whose maiden name was Susan A. Barns, is still living. Her children are William B., Fiank S. and Martha W., wife of How- ard B. Rhoades, editor of the Columbia Herald. The birth of our subject occurred September 23, 1856, iu this city. He was given good educational advantages, and was a student in private schools of Baltimore County, Md., in which county his father was living retired from business at the time. Later he attended Saunders' Academy in Philadel- phia, a celebrated institution for boys, and in 1876 was graduated from the Ann Arbor State Univer- sity of Michigan, from the law department. Re- turning to Columbia, Mr. Given entered the office of Hon. H. M. North, and was admitted to the Bar in December, 1877. Soon afterward he opened his present office, where he does a large general prac- tice. In addition to his professional duties he is President of the Columbia Electric Street Railway, occupies a like position with the Columbia & Don- egal Railroad Company, being particularly inter- ested in local modes of transit, and a stockholder In all the companies in the county, which now have extensive plans for improvement and enlargement of the systems. Among the other concerns in which Mr. Given is interested are the Columbia Na- tional Bank, the Keeley Stove Company, of this place; the Wilson Laundry Machinery Company; the Triumph Shirt Company, the Columbia Water and Gas Companies, the East Columbia Land Com- pany, in all of which he is a Director, and with the silk mill of this place he is officiating as a Trustee. September 6, 1879, Mr. Given was united in marriage with Mary B., daughter of AbramBruner. To Mr. and Mrs. Given were born three children, who are named as, follows: Erna, Jennie B. and William B., Jr. For nine years Mr. Given was a member of the School Board, and was President of the same for two years. In the recent long and hotly con- tested struggle on behalf of John Westerman for the position of Postmaster of Columbia, Mr. Given was one of the ardent champions of that highly respected citizen, and it was largely through liis efforts that the appointment was now made for his friend. In a large and beautiful home, which he has built for himself at Chestnut and Fourth Streets, Mr. Given lives, surrounded by every comfort that the age can suggest, and here it is his delight to entertain his many friends from near and far. (^ i^m 0= -^"^ 1^' ^ J\"' RAH AM L. LANP:. The place owned and occupied by our subject is good farm- ing land, supplied with all the needed and convenient structures. It is located in West Hempfield Township, among whose residents Mr. Lane holds a good position. He is the son of Christian and Sarah (Leighty) Lane, and was born in Rapho Township, this countj', March 22, 1837. Abraham Lane, the grandfather of our subject, was also a native of this county, where he was a ten- ement farmer. In politics he was a Whig, and in religion was a valued member of the Mennonite Church. He married Miss Barbara Rcis, by whom he became the father of the f9llowing named chil- dren: Susan, Elizabeth, Barbara, Christian, John, Jacob and Abraham. Christian Lane was born in Rapho Township in 1810, was a farmer by occupa- tion, a Republican in politics, and belonged to the Mennonite Church. The lady whom he married and who is now deceased, was known in her maid- enhood as Sarah Leight^', and to them were born two children, our subject and Annie. The father PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 591 is still living, making his home with Abraham L., wliile the mother departed this life in 1883. The original of this slcetch received his educa- i lion in the common schools as carried on in an early day, and has followed farming pursuits his | entire life. He formerly owned fifty-seven acres [ of good land in West liemplield Township, which he sold in 1893, and purchased a small tract adjoin- | ing that farm. He has been reasonably successful as an agriculturist, and is in a fair way to become the possessor of a good competence. Abraham L. Lane and Miss Susan Eby were united in marriage in 185G. Their union has been blessed by the birth of three children, two sons and a daugliter, as follows: Jacob; Annie, the wife of Clayton Bo wen, and Christian. i(S). mmh. _^ m^ m T7> DWIN C. DILLER, a resident of New Hol- I C) land, traces his ancestry b.ack to the year 1685 in Alsace, France, when the first rep- resentative was obliged to lice to Holland on ac- count of religious iiersecution. His son, who bore the name of Casper, accompanied him on his re- moval, and when a lad of ten or twelve j-ears went to England, where he was later married to an Eng- lish woman. It is supposed that he then returned to his native land and from there in 1738 emigrated to America, locating in Loch Platz, in the vicinity of New Holland, where he purchased five hundred acres of land and lived until his decease, in 1775 or 1780. at the remarkable age of one hundred years. The family of Casper Diller comprises three sons and seven daughters, the former bearing the re- spective names of Philip Adam, Jean Martin and Casper, Jr. The daughters were all married, but their given names are not known. Philip Adam Diller was born in the Palatinate, about eleven miles from Heidelberg, Germany, March 8, 1723, and af- ter coming to America, also made his home in this county on a farm in Earl Township. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Leonard KUmaker, a native of Germany, and became the father of Adam, Anna Maria, Leonard, M.agdaline, INIargaret, Peter and Isaac. The last-named son, who was the grandfa- ther of our subject, reared by his first marriage the following-named children: Jonathan, William, Ju- lia and Isaac. Hy his second wife. Miss Maria Gray- bill, there were born Emma, Adam, and Amos, the father of our subject. Edwin C. Diller was born in New Columbia, Union County, this state, November 26, 1839. His father's birth occurred on the old homestead on Mill Creek, this county, September 12, 1812. He received a common-school education and when thir- teen years of age was employed by his cousin, Ro- land Miller, as cleik in the latter's store. He re- mained with him for several years and then became connected with Anthony Roberts in the same ca- pacitj'. About 1839 Amos Diller removed with his fam- ily to New Columbia and opened up an establish- ment of his own, conducting it with fair success for two years, when he went to Vogansville, where he was also the proprietor of a general store. From that place he came two years later to New Holland and was employed in the mercantile business alone until 1865, when, in partnershij) with Philip Bru- baker, he purchased the store which is now oper- ated by our subject, and their affairs were managed under the st3'le of Diller & Brubakerfor about five years. Amos Diller retired from active business life in 1866 and Edwin C. succeeded him in all his enterprises. He was very successful as a merchant and accumulated a handsome fortune,which he uses liberally in support of the Lutheran Church, of which he was an official member, and all worthy en- terprises. In politics, he was a stanch Democrat. In the year 1838 Amos Diller was married to Miss Mary, daughter of Anthony Carpenter, proprietor of a hotel in New Holland, with which he also com- bines the business of watch-makei*. The parental family included two sons and one daughter, of whom our subject was the eldest. Emma died when thirteen years of age; and William G. departed this 592 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD life in 1879, at tlie age of thirty-four years. At the time of his decease he was engaged in business with our subject. The mother of these children died February 18, 1873, and four years later lier hus- band married Mrs. Catherine (Breramer) Parsons, widow of the late "Samuel Parsons. They are both still living and occupy a comfortable residence in New Holland. The primary studies of our subject were carried on in the common schools of his native place and later in the Lititz Academy. In 1856 he engaged as clerk in his father's store and four years later was taken into the firm as partner, continuing as such until the former retired,when with his brother W. G. and R. S. Brubaker, he carried on the busi- ness, the firm name being Dillcr & Brubaker until 1877. That year W. G. Diller and Mr. Brubaker disposed of their interest in the store to John and George Rolaijd and for several years tliereafter the business was carried on under the style of Diller & Roland. In 1883 our subject and William Roland bought the interest of John and George Roland but the name was not changed until 1888, when Charles M., son of our subject, succeeded the jun- ior partner and since that time it has been Diller (fe Son. Tlie store is located on Main Street and is a two-story structure, 30x60 feet in dimensions. It is stocked with a full line of general merchan- dise and in addition to this they have a merchant tailoring department which commands the best trade in the place. Diller & Son own the building adjoining, winch thej' have fitted up as a hardware establishment, and also carry paints, oils, etc. They have about $20,000 invested and do a business of $30,000 per year. Socially, our subject belongs to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and is also connected with the Knight Templar Lodge No. 13, in Lancaster. He holds membership with Earl Lodge No. 413, 1. O. O. F., and Ridgely Encampment No. 217, of Lan- caster. He is a devoted member of the Lutheran Church and in politics always casts a vote for Dem- ocratic candidates. May 18, 1864, Edwin C. Diller and Miss Cora Mason were united in marriage. Their four chil- dren are Alta M., Charles M., Emma C.and Amos, who is clerk in the hardware store. The wife and mother died April 29, 1874, and October 18,1876, Mr. Diller married Miss Anna M., daughter of Jon- athan Roland. To them has been born one son, who bears the name of Roland. i>-^<^^-c- ISAAC R, BUCH is senior member of the firm of I. K. Buch cfe Son, manufacturers of a good quality of cigars in West Earl. They engaged in this business in 1888, and since that time h»ve built a factory 26x40 feet in dimensions and two stories in height. They give employment to four- teen men and have an annual business of $15,000. Our subject is the son of George and Elizabeth (Rudy) Buch, and was born in Lancaster County, April 1, 1827. Grandfather George Buch during the greater part of his life was engaged in farming in West Earl Township, lla was the father of the following children: Peter, Ephraira, John, George and Elizabeth. George Buch was born March 27, 1780, in West Earl Township, this county, and lived until Au- gust 12, 1863, when he passed awa}-. He was also an agi'iculturist in the township above named, owning a valuable estate of over three hundred acres. When past threescore years and ten he re- moved to Akron, where he owned property and was residing at the time of his decease. He started out poor in this world's goods, but by strict atten- tion to business in all its details, by promptness, method and fair dealing, he became wealthy. In politics he was a decided Republican after the party was organized. The parental family of our subject included the following-named children: Nancy, Henry, Eman- uel; Charles, deceased; George, a retired farmer liv- ing in Ephrata Township; Jacob, also living in re- tirement in Akron, this state; Elizabeth; Daniel, de- ceased; Isaac R., of this sketch; John, deceased, and David, a retired farmer making his home in Lititz. The original of this sketch was reared on the home farm and educated in the common schools. PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 593 He was trained to farm life and followed the oc- cupation of an ajrriciilturist until 1888, wlien he be- gan the manufacture of cigars, which business he found to be more profitable and in which he has been engaged ever since. As stated in our open- ing paragraph, he has erected a new two story building devoted to that purpose, and is conduct- ing an extensive business under the firm name of 1. K. Buch & Son. The marriage of our subject with Miss Rebecca, daughter of Michael Weidler, a farmer of Warwick Township, was celebrated in 1853. To them have been born the following children: Elizabeth, who is the wife of John Dillman; Weidler; Clayton, deceased; Isaac; Morris W.; Mary, who married Jacob Kriter; Aaron, deceased; Susan, the wife of Hufus Seldomridgc; Rebecca and Klla, both de- ceased; William, who married Elizabeth Raser; Ida, the wife of Alfred Bear; Eddie W., who died in in- fancy; Anna, the wife of Harry Keith; Lydia; John and Jacob ^=^^sm^mM eHARLES ZECII, proprietor of the bottling works and brewery located at Lancaster, was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, May 18, 1851. His father, Francis Zech, was born in Bavaria and followed the brewing business at Neckargartach, Wurtemberg, throughout his life. He was a soldier in the Revolution of 1848, being captured in going to Switzerland, and after being kept a prisoner of war for six months was par- doned. He -was an active man and was closely identified with the official positions of his city. In religious matters he was a believer in the Catholic faith. Our subject's grandfather, Joseph Zech, was also a native of Bavaria and was a brewer by trade, in fact the Zech family were brewers by occupa- tion back as early as 1548. Our subject's mother's maiden name was Bauer, and she was a native of Wurtemberg, where her father was a wagon-maker by trade. Jn religious matters the Bauer family were Lutherans, and many of them took part in the Napoleonic War of 1802-15. Our subject's grandmother Bauer is still living and is ninety- three years of age, while his mother is sixty- two. Her husband, the father of our subject, died at the age of fiftj'-seven, in 1867. Our subject is one in a family of four children, all of whom are living, three in Germany and our subject, Charles Zech. The latter remained in his native village until fourteen years of age, attend- ing the public schools and gymnasium of that place. When fourteen years of age he was ap- prenticed to learn the brewer's trade at the county seat, Ileilbronn. He served two years, then went to Bavaria and worked two j'ears; he also worked in Baden eight months, and in 1869 emigrated to America in order to escape military duty. He was twenty-eight days on the voyage to New York and soon afterward sailed from New Bedford, Mass., on a whaling voyage, which kept him on the briny deep nine months, when he larded in Chili, and from there cruising the South Pacific Ocean. Re- turning to New Bedford after a continuous voy- age of two years, he later returned to Danville, Pa. The next two years our subject worked as a cooper in a brewer}' at Danville and from there went to Reading, Pa., wliere he remained eigh- teen months, and in June, 1876, located at Lan- caster, where he was made foreman for Henry Franke, with whom he worked two years, and was then made foreman for F. A. Rieker. Desir- ing to be more independent, he engaged in the saloon business for himself, operating the Girard House for two years. In the year 1886 he started in the bottling business in Lancaster, which business he added to from time to time, and in the spring of 1894 he constructed a new brewing plant with a capacity of two thousand barrels per 3'ear. The location of this brewery is at Nos. 669-707 West Orange Street. In 1884 our subject visited his old home in Germany, but had no desire to exchange his American home for one in the land of his birth. In 1876 Mr. Zech was united in marriage, in Lan- caster, to Miss Rosa Spangler, who was born in Germany, coming to this country when but two 594 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. years of age. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Anton Spangler. Mr. and Mrs. ZeehQare the par- ents of five children, who were born in the follow- ing order: Augustus, Mary, Francesca, Charles and Frank. Mr. Zech is an honored member of St. John's and St. Peter's Societies. In religious matters our subject and his family are identified with St. Jo- seph's Roman Catholic Church. Politically our subject is .nn independent voter, believing that the best man of any party should be chosen for ofBce. In conclusion it ma3' be said of Mr. Zech that he is accounted among the influential, industrious and lionored citizens of Lancaster. Wiiile he was born on a foreign shore and reared amidst the scenes of another form of Government, yet he is a firm believer in the principles of American democ- racy, and no man does more with the means at his command to foster and protect the rights and privileges of our people than he. His life has been a checkered one in many respects, he having seen much of the world, both by land and sea. He finally settled in llie Keystone (State, however, and engaged in a prosperous business, and has now but to enjo3" the fruit of his labors. l^+^§ HON. HENRY S. BOOK. The name of this gentleman is well known in the business circles of Maytown, where he conducts an extensive leaf tobacco trade, usually packing from eight hundred to one thousand cases per annum. In the village where he now resides he was born August 25, 1827, being a son of Samuel and Re- becca (Mockart) Book. The family of which he is a member has for several generations resided in Lancaster County, his paternal grandfather, David Book, having lived during his earlier years near Conestoga and later in Strasburg. His life work was that of a farmer, and he was a prominent mem- ber of the Mennonite Church. He and his wife, whose maiden name was Barbara Seltzer, were the parents of three sons and two daughters, viz: John, David. Samuel, Mary and Catherine. On his mother's side our subject is of German descent. His great-grandfather, John Mockart, emigrated from Germany to the United States and settled in Maytown, Lancaster County. Among his sons was Samuel, who was born and spent his entire life at Maytown, where he followed the tailor's trade. In religious connections he was a Lutheran. By his marriage to Catherine Gorner he had five children, named Maiy, Elizabeth, Re- becca, John and Samuel. Born in tlie village of Strasburg, Samuel Book in youth learned the trade of a tailor, but never followed it, giving bis attention to the business of a pumi) manufacturer. For many years prior to his demise he lived in retirement from active cares. In politics a Republican, he served as County Auditor for several years, was Assessor, School Director, and Justice of the Peace. He died in 1882, at the. age of eighty-seven. His wife p.assed away in 18G7, aged sixty-six. Their chil- dren, six in number, were named, Catherine, Bar- bara S., Maxy, George M., Henry 8. and David, all of wiioin are deceased but our suljject and Barbara. In tiie common schools of Maytown our subject laid the foundation of his education, which was supplemented by attendance in Professor Wicker- sham's academy. At the age of eigiiteen he left school and turned his attention to pump making, which he learned under his father's supervision. For eight years he followed that occupation, after which he started a cigar manufactory in Maytown, continuing thus engaged for sixteen 3'ears. Since 1875 he has devoted his entire attention to the leaf tobacco business, which he conducts upon an extensive scale. In the Republican part}' he is one of the local leaders, alwa^'s taking an active interest in the victory of its men and measures. In 1882 he was a delegate to the Republican State Convention, and three 3'ears later was elected to represent the county in the Legislature. In 1892 he was chosen Tax Collector for East Donegal Township, to which office he has since been re- elected and is the present incumbent. In the Lutheran Church of Maytown Mr. Book is ofBciating as Trustee. Sociall}' he is identified H. M. ALEXANDER, M. I). PORTRATr AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 597 with the American Meclianics, belonging to Water- ford Council No. 72. For twenty-three years he has been connected with Donegal Lodge No. 108, K. of P., and is also a member of William Childs Post No. 226, G. A. K.,at Marietta. lie was a sol- dier in Company A, Tenth J'ennsylvania Infantry, having enlisted April 18, 1861, under General Patterson. After three months of service, during wliich time he took part in several minor engage- ments, he was taken ill and obliged to resign, be- ing mustered out at Ilarrisburg, Pa. The marriage of Mr. Book took place on the 23d of December, 1864, and united him with Miss Mary Jane, daughter of John Runibaugh, of Maj^- town. One child, Lizzie 1{., blessed the union. The family is one of social prominence and is uni- versally esteemed. Mr. Book deserves the success wliich he has attained, having exercised prudence and tact in all his enterprises. Mis energy has been devoted to his business, and his enjoyment obtained in domestic and social life. HM. ALEXANDER, M. D. Within the limits of tliis volume it will be impossible to give a detailed account of the services Dr. Alexander has rendered mankind, for he has been a philanthropist in the broadest seni>e of that word. As the lx>at that sails down the river touches onh' at the principal harbors, so the biog- laiiher in presenting his life record touches only upon the principal events, passing by man}' points where, did space permit, we might linger with pleasure and profit. The Lancaster County Vaccine Farms, of which Dr. Alexander is the owner and proprietor, are situated near the corporate limits of Marietta, and are the largest in the world, producing more vac- cine lymph than all the other vaccine establish- ments in the United Slates. Of the growth of this remarkable enterprise, which is doing such a wonderful work for the abatement of small-pox. Pennsylvania has every reason to be proud, for its founder and manager is a Pennsylvanian by birth and education. So high is the reputation for purity which this lymph has gained that the deuiand for it even ri- vals that for the production of the Government vaccine propagating department of England. Dr. Faulkner, a member of the Royal Chirurgical So- ciety of England, who has charge of that estab- lishment, orders it in large quantities, giving as the reason that he can get better and cheaper lymph from these farms than from the establishments under his charge. Dr. Benjamin Lee, Secretary of the Pennsylvania State Board of Health, has in his reports given extensive notice to these farms, speaking of them in the highest terms. p;m|)loyment is given to twelve men and several ladies at all times, and during epidemics as many as fort}' are employed. At such times several hun- dred heifers are kept on hand, and even with his present capacity. Dr. Alexander is able to propa- gate one hundred thousand points a day. His place consists of fifteen acres, upon which are sev- eral substantial buildings, the only ones in the United States built for this special purpose. The main structure is 177x30 feet in dimensions, with three wings, each 30x24. Two of these wings are joined by a building used for storage purposes, in- closing a courtyard. This was erected in 1888. In 1892 lie erected a second structure, consisting of a main building 40x60 feet, with a wing 153x24 feet. There are also several smaller buildings. Al- though the main building has nearly sixteen thou- sand feet of flooi- space, more room is needed, and an architect is now preparing plans for another struct- ure. The buildings are carefully heated bj' steam in cold weather, perfectly drained and ventilated, and the stable floors are of cement, thus prevent- ing any absorption of moisture. The operating room contains patent tables, invented by Dr. Al- exander, and to these the heifers are strapped; by a simple mechanical arrangement the}' are easily turned over and rest upon their backs on the up- holstered surface. The first and only authenticated case of spontan- eous cow-pox in America was discovered by Dr. Alexander, the animal being the property of a 598 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. farmer near Marietta, and from this source he now derives his world famous vaccine. Vaccine is sent by him to nearly every nation on the globe, even to distant China. The points are packed in glass vials, ten in each, and then placed in wooden cases for shipment. The goods are never sold after having been on hand more than ten days. The lymph is not always sent out on points, but much goes out on quill slips and capillary tubes, the latter being used especially in the European trade. In addition to his farms in Marietta, lie has a branch establishment at Omaha, Neb., and an office in the Columbus Me- morial Building in Chicago. He has lately pur- chased the Banner Farm of Northumberland Coun- ty, this state, and at this writing is procuring cattle to place on it, which he expects to give special preparation for his vaccine business. The farm contains one hundred and sixty-seven acres, is ver}' fertile and has excellent buildings. We now turn our attention to the personal history and ancestry of Dr. Alexander. He was born in Lewisburg, Union County, Pa., on the 17th of May, 1851, a son of John and Jane (Sankey) Alexander. The name is of Scotch origin, but the original American representative, our subject's grandfather, was born in Ireland and from there came to Huntingdon Count3', Pa. John Alexander was born near Alexandria, Huntingdon County, Pa., in the year 1812, and though receiving only very limited educational advantages, was a man of more than ordinary' abil- ity and intelligence. By his neighbors he was re- garded as an unusually well informed and able man. He was successful, and became the owner of two farms in Kelly Township, Union County, Pa., where he resided until fifty years of age. He then removed to Lewisburg, the same county, where he remained until his death, in the spring of 1876, at the age of sixty-four. Politically he was an active member of the Republican party, and in re- ligious belief was a Presbyterian. Twice married, the first wife of John Alexander was Mary Sheller, a member of an old and prom- inent family residing in the central part of Penn- sylvania. Seven children were born of their union, namely: Rev. H. P., a Presbyterian clergyman of Garrett, Kan.; Martha, wife of J. H. Myers, Post- master at Holden, Mo.; James O., who died of yellow fever while serving in the Union Army, at the age of twenty-two; S. S., a farmer living at McEwensville, Northumberland County, Pa.; M&v- garet E., deceased, wife of John Geist, of New Holland, Lancaster County; Florence C, wife of J. J. Davis, District Attornej' at Des Moines, Iowa; and Mary J., wife of T. J. Hughes, member of the hardware firm of Dampraan & Hughes, of Honey- brook, Chester Count}', Pa. The mother of these children died in 1846. The second marriage of John Alexander oc- curred in 1850, his wife being Jane Sankey, whose father, Jeremiah Sankey, lived at Potter's Bank, Centre County, Pa. Two children resulted from this union, our subject and Eimira. Tiie latter was born in 1853, and died in 1858, at the age of five years. The father passed away in 1876_j at the age of sixt3'-four. The mother died three years later, aged sixty-seven. Our subject was in youth a student in the schools of Kelly Township. He was a diligent, thoughtful student. One day while sitting at his desk, across which the bright sun- light streamed, he was preparing for a reading ex- ercise in his old Sander's Third Reader, and stop- ped to analyze in a childish wa^^ the purport of a phrase at the close of a selection, the simple words "Continue to the end," weighed upon his mind' and impressed him to such an extent that he com- menced to apply its tenor to his every daj' life, until the motto became a part of his being and has remained with him, a source of inspiration, and in a large measure the secret of his success. He car- ried it with him through the district school, the college and in the pursuit of his medical studies in the university'. He became successful in his profession, a popular physician, and built up one of the largest country practices in this section. Graduating from Bucknell University in 1873, and from the Medical Department in 1876, Dr. Alexander was afterward employed for a short time in a hospital, then opened an office in Mari- etta. Being young and inexperienced, he had the usual difficulties in getting a foothold, but with the words of his motto, "Continue to the end," to encourage him, he worked diligently until he se- cured recognition, and ere long had established a I PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 599 liandsome practice. In 1889 he abandoned tlie regular practice to devote Ills entire attention to the propagating of vaccine virus, which he had started in 1882. In this he has met with flattering financial success, and his net profits in a single jear have been many thousands. In addition to this place, he owns one liundred and sixty-seven acres, comprising one of the finest farms in Nor- thumberland County, Pa., to the management of which lie gives his personal attention, and of which mention has been made above. lie also owns val- uable property in Omaha and Minneapolis. A Republican in polities. Or. Alexander has served as School Director in East Donegal Town- ship. A Presbyterian in religious belief, he is now a Deacon in that^church in Marietta. lie is a member of the State Medical Society, and the Lan- caster i^ty and County Medicjil Associations. He is connected with the Washington Life »t Maturitj' Company, the Baltimore Building it Loan Asso- ciation, and the Home Building it Loan Associa- tion of Marietta. May 23, 1877, Dr. Alexander married Miss Mar- tha II., daughter of Samuel Woolman, an oil spec- ulator of Philadelphia, Pa. They are the parents of six children, namely: J. Hulme, who was born Julj- 6, 1878, and was a lad of remarkable intelli- gence, his death at the World's Fair, June 6, 1893, being a severe blow to the family; Edith J., born August 5, 1880; Anna Mertie,May 31, 188-1; Ham- ill Bayard, .September 30, 1889; Lillian Ray, March 5, 1891; and Marion A., July 23, 1894. Dr. Alexander was one of the projectors and chief promoters of the American Exhibitors' Asso- ciation, organized at the World's Fair, and be- came Vice-President of the Association. At that Exposition he received the only premium awarded on vaccine virus. His virus was afterward pro- nounced, as a result of scientific investigation by the most eminent chemists of the country consti- tuting a Board for that purpose, to be the purest vaccine manufactured bj' an}' concern in the world. This sketch would be incomplete were no men- tion made of Dr. Alexander's connection with the relief work in behalf of the Johnstown sufferers. He was invited by the Pennsj'lvania State Board of Health to deliver an address before the State Sanitary Convention in Pittsburg on the 31st of May, 1889, the day tlie flood occurred. He learned of the disaster early Saturdaj^ morning, June 1, in fact heard a few rumors about it Friday night. Joining in with other strangers who were at the Convention, and having friends in Johnstown, many of whom were drowned, he aided in loading cars with drug relief supplies during Saturday, and went down on the first train Saturday night. Leaving the train at Sanghollow, a Mi". Turner and himself were the onl}' ones who would venture to cross the six miles into Johnstown, over the dan- gerous land-slides and wash-out to reach that place. They carried some medical supplies and blankets, reached the stone bridge early on Sun- da}' morning, and remained for five days working with the relief department in that stricken city. Once the Doctor fell into the Conemaugh River, by the breaking of a temporary bridge, and one night he spent sleeping againstan oak tree, having sat down in the rain to rest for a few minutes, and failed to arise until the next morning. His labors consisted in what help he could render from a medical standpoint, and what other outside assists ance fell in his wa}'. On his return home he was called upon by his fellow-citizens to deliver an address on the subject, the receipts going to swell the funds for the relief of the sufferers. To illustrate a trait in the character of Dr. Al- exander, we mention an incident in his life. It is related of hvm that a man of very limited means came to him, stating tfiat his farm had been del- uged with sand to the depth of fifteen or twenty inches at the time of the Johnstown Flood. This catastrophe ruined the land and rendered its owner insolvent. Dr. Alexander conceived a gigantic undertaking by which the land might be restored to its former usefulness and the farmer be made to realize a gain out of the sale of the sand. Twice he projected the scheme, leaving it to other par- ties for completion, but both times it was aban- doned. Fin.ally he secured a privilege from the Penns3-lvania Railroad to build a siding up to the farm, and then by tramvva3's the sand was transferred to the cars. At first the lookers-on smiled at what they considered an impractical scheme, but in the course of a year it was the 600 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD, farmer who smiled, for the mortgage was paid off, the land was cleared of the sand and restored lo its former utility. Did space permit, other inci- dents might be added to show the indomitable per- severance of Dr. Alexander. Enough, however, has been given to enable the reader to understand the remarkable perseverance, energy and determi- nation of the man who has gained world-wide fame. ' ^#P ' ■ DAVID H. MILLER. The subject of the following sketch is one of the leading bus- iness men of Lancaster, where he is carry- ing on a profitable trade as plumber, gas-fitter and contractor of sewer work. He is very prominent in local affairs, and is at present representing the Ninth Ward in the Common Council. He is lib- eral, public-spirited and one of those men who command the respect and esteem of all who have the pleasure of their acquaintance. Born in this city, October 5, 1859, our subject is the son of David Miller, a native of Strasburg. His paternal grandfather was a farmer in early life, but afterward engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods. The father of our subject was the youngest member of his parents' family, and after moving to Lancaster learned moulding. He did not follow this long however, when he entered the cotton mills and worked his way from the lowest department to the position of foreman, which of- fice he is now filling in mill No. 1. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Caroline (Koutz) Miller, was born in this city and departed hence in 1889. She reared a family of eleven children, nine of whom are living at the present lime. Sadie, Mrs. Hawthorn, lives in this city; our sub- ject was next in the order of birth; Charles is a resident of Denver, Colo.; Mary, Mrs. Young, is living in Lancaster; Margy is at home with her father; Samuel W. is a physician in this city; Ella is living in Chicago; John is engaged in business with our subject, and Emma is at home. David H. Miller was a lad of ten years when he entered the cotton mills, working in mill No. 4 for about two years, when he was given a position in No. 2. Five years later, however, he abandoned that line of work and apprenticed himself to learn the plumber's trade. In 1879 he went to Balti- more, Md., where lie remained for three months, and then returning to Lancaster started in business for himself, opening a shop at N'o. 340 North Queen Street. This place he rented until 1891, when he purchased the property and erected there- on new shops, his office being at No. 350 North Queen Street. He is a practical workman, does plumbing of all kinds, gas-fitting, iron roofing, and takes contracts for sewer work. Daring the busy season he gives employment to twenty-two men, and is carrying on the largest trade in his line in the city. Tiie original of this sketch was married in 1884 to Miss Ida, daugliter of William Harmon, a resi- dent of this city. To them has been born a daugh- ter, Mabel. In 1891 Mr. Miller was elected on the Republican ticket to the Common Council from the Ninth Ward, and lias been re-elected each suc- ceeding year. He in an active business man, en- ergetic, honorable and cordial, and all who know him esteem him for his sterling worth. WILLIAM RIDDLE, a member of the Se- lect Council of Lancaster, is one of the best known and most highly esteemed residents of this county, as he has penetrated to every part as a representative for the well known publishing house of Blakeman Company and the American Book Company. At the present time he is in the employ of Ginn & Co., of New York, who are also jjublishers of school supplies. Mr. Riddle has also traveled quite extensively in many of the western states, and has a rare gift of entertainingly relating his experiences and places he has visited. An article, of which he is the author, appeared in the Ifew Era of Lancaster, in November, 1893. It PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 601 was entitled "A Suraraer-daj' Trip," or "Lancaster Coiiutj' from a Tally-ho," and received universal commendation for its interesting reminiscences and descriptive power. Jacob Riddle, our subject's father, was born in Wurteniberg, Germany, and learned the cabinet- maker's trade. At the age of twenty years he came to America, settling first in Philadelphia, and sub- sequently coming to Lancaster, where he worked at his trade and as a machinist. Afterwards he settled in Fairview and engaged in the manufac- ture of threshers and corn shellers. lie is now liv- ing retired from business cares, being in his eighty- seventh year, and resides with our subject. He is a Protestant and his family belongs to the Episco- pal Church. His wife, whose maiden name was Fredericka Killinger, was born in Germany, but was reared in this stale, whither she was brought by her parents in childhood. She became the mother of five children who grew to maturity, but onl}- two of whom are living, and she was called to her final rest in 1884. William Riddle was a resident of Lancaster un- til attaining his eighteenth year, when he went to Paradise and Fairview. For three 3-ears he served an apprenticeship as a machinist and wood worker. He had made the best of his educational privileges, and securing a certificate, engaged in teaching in Strasburg Township for a year, after which he was for six years in charge of schools in Leacofck and Paradise Townships. Returning then to this city, he was given the priucipalship of the South Duke Street Grammar School, a position he held for three years. During the summer vacations of 1866 and 1867 he was employed by the Blakeman Com- pany in selling their school book publications, and from 1868 he gave all his attention to this employ- ment. He had under his jurisdiction sixteen coun- ties, and established agencies in all parts of this territorj-. In 1890 the company for which he had so long worked was merged into the American Book Concern, and as he had given such thorough satisfaction he w.as retained in their employ. In January, 1894, he became representative of the New York firm of Ginn & Co. In 1874 Mr. Riddle was married in Lancaster to Arabella Zug, who was born in Lititz, being a daughter of a farmer and hotel man, who was at one time in the Government empio}' at Washing- ton. Mr. and Mrs. Riddle have four living chil- dren: Mary, William, Howard and Robert, and their pleasant home, which is at No. 314 North Lime Street, was erected by our subject. The fam- ilj' are members of the Moravian Church of this place. F'rom 1869 to 1872 Mr. Riddle was a member of the School Board, and has always been greatly in- terested in educational affairs. He is an active Republican, and from 1881 until 1892 was a mem- ber of the Select City Council, and in the latter year served .is its President. For seven years he was Chairman of the Committee on Streets and Highways, and also served as a member of the spe- cial water committee, which had in charge the erec- tion of the new water works. In the spring of 1894 he was re-elected to the Select Council from the Sixth Ward, and is still serving as such. Fra- ternally he IS a Mason, belonging to Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M.; to Lancaster Chapter No. 43, R. A. M.,and to Comraaudery No. 13, K.T. < "X S^ILLIAM K. BENDER is one of the na- \/\/ tive sons of Lancaster County, and within its limits has passed nearlj' his entire life. He is an influential citizen of Stras- burg. He is a veteran of the late war, having been a member of the One Hundred and Twen- ty-second Pennsylvania Regiment, and received wounds while fighting for his country's liberties. Like all true patriots, he is interested in the cause of education, has served as School Director for three terms and at the present time is acting in that capacity for the borough of Strasburg. The paternal grandfather of our subject, George Bender, was a farmer for many years in Upper Leacock Township, and his life work was that of agriculture. He was ver}' prominent in religious affairs, and held membership with the Luther.an 602 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD, denomination. Politically he was a Whig, and was devoted to ins country's best interests. By his marriage with Catherine Kinzer, he had four children: Blargaret, who became the wife of Jacob Holl; Kinzer D.; Eliza, Mrs. Benjamin Owan, and William G., all of whom are deceased. The sec- ond son, Kinzer D., was born in Upper Leacock Township, September 30, 1809, and from his boy- hood followed farming in order to obtain a liveli- hood. He became very prosperous, and stood in the front ranks of the farmers of Lancaster Coun- ty in liis day. At one time he acquired six farms situated in the Leacocks and Earl Townships, and he always kept a fine grade of stock. He was a standi Whig, and in his later years adhered to the Republican party. He served in local offices, and among others was a School Director. Though he was reared in the faith of the Lutheran Church, and at one time was a Trustee in that denomina- tion, during liis last years he was identified with the Evangelical Church. By his union witli Mary Weidler he had four children, tiiree of whom are living: Franklin, John W.. William K., and Mary, now Mrs. Jacob Buikholder. Tlie deceased son, John W., IS represented by his on!} child living, Jolin Bender, a prominent young man residing near Ililler's Church, this county. He is quite a financier, and possessed of more than ordinary musical talent, and is prominently engaged in moral reform. The father departed this life in 1889, after a useful and honored career. William K. Bender was born in Upper Leacock Township, October 3, 1839. His boyhood days were passed on his father's farm, and he early learned the duties pertaining thereto. His educa- tion was such as could be obtained in the schools of the township, where lie was a student until about eighteen years of age. His own elementary educa- tion was supplemented by several terms in the White Hall Academy and in Millersville Normal School, and thus equipped, tlie young man obtained a cer- tificate, and for two years he engaged in teaching school. On the expiration of this time, lie volun- teered his services for the defense of the Union, enlisting in August, 1862, as a member of Com- pany B, One Hundred and Twenty-second Penn- sylvania Infantry. He participated in a number of engagements and battles, and was always found faithful to his duties and trusts. At the battle of Chaneellorsville, in which with his regiment he took part, being under the command of General Hooker, he was wounded, and at the expiration of his term of enlistment, was mustered out of the service. May 20, 1863, having been connected with the nine-months organization. Mr. Bender has been prosperous in his various undertakings as a farmer and in other industries. He is prominently connected with the Susquehan- na Iron Company of Columbia, Pa., in whicli he is a Director, and the Lebanon Iron Company of Lebanon, Pa. He is an ardent supporter of the Republican party, and religiously holds member- ship with the Methodist Episcopal Church, which he has served in the official capacities of Trustee and Steward. At times he has also served as Sun- day-school Sui)erintendent, and takes his share of the church work in every department. October 24, 1865, was celebrated the marriage of Mr. Bender and Miss Lizzie A. Hartman, whose par- ents were among the pioneer settlers of tiie coin- munit3', and verj' prominent citizens. Mr. and Mrs. Bender have three children: Ella M., Alice S. and Christie E. ^^>-^^<^^~^ JOHN Y. WEIDMAN, who is President of the Ephrata National Bank, and a retired merchant of Weidmanville, was born there November 1, 1835, and is a son of Martin and L^'dia (Yundt) Weidman, who were also na- tives of Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Jacob Weidman, was also born in Lancaster County, but the great-grandfather was a native of Germany, and was born in Wurtemberg. He emigrated to America in an early day, and his descendants have made Lancaster County their home ever since. Martin Weidman was a merchant of Weid- manville, and was a well known and highly re- spected citizen of that place, and in 1830 was married to Miss Lydia Yundt, a daughter of John T. Yundt, a prominent merchant, miller and farmer PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 603 of Lancaster County. lie was born in 1757, and died in 1832, at the age of seventy-five years. Mr. Yundt was of (German descent. Martin and Lydia Weidman were tliu pjirents of six children, three sons and three daughters- Martin, the eldest, died in infancy; Simon P. was born October 24, 1833, and died April 13,1875; .Tohn Y. is our subject; Sarah E., deceased, was the wife of .Martin B. Steinmetz; Lydia A., born June 5, 1842, and died March 2, 1874, w.as the wife of J. B. Eshleman; and Susan E. became the wife of Rev. Stephen .Sweitzer, pastor of the Reformed Church in Ephrata. Our subject spent the da3S of his boyhood attending the public schools of his na- tive place and assisting his father in the store. He W.1.S head clerk in that establishment for years and being pleasant and courteous, he was popular with young and old. The credit for a large share of the enterprise which helps to make Weidman- ville the thriving and bustling place that it is, be- longs in a considerable degree to such stirring, energetic business men as John Y. "Weidman. The mairiage of Mr. Weidman occurred July 8, 186'J, uniting him with Miss Emma L. Fry. She was born January 14, 1811, and is the daugh- ter of Curtis Fr\ , a native of Lancaster Count3\ He was born October 14, 1808, and departed this life November 27, 1874. Mrs. Weidman's grand- parents were pioneers of Penns3'lvania, having emigrated to the United States from German3- in an early day. Our subject and his estimable wife are the parents of one child, a son, Martin Ward, a merchant of Weidman vi He, who was born Octo- ber 28, 1871. He was married October 5, 1893, to Miss Jliuora L. Bear, a daughter of John G. and Hester (Landis) Bear. Mrs. Sarah Steinmetz, a sister of our subject, has two surviving daughters, Alice, tiie wife of William Bueker, and Susan, now Mrs. Dr. G. C. Kinard. Lydia Eshleman, another sister, has one surviving son, John AV., of Ephrata; and Simon P. has one son, Martin L. Politically our subject is a Republican, but has never aspired to public office. He is a loyal citizen and public spirited, ever ready to do his share in all matters of general welfare. Mr. Weidman is now living a retired life from active business, but superintends a small farm of thirty-five acres. Socially the family is one of the best known and most influential in the county, and both Mr. and Mrs. Weidman have the regard of their manv friends. jr fjn-f t-Ttt^ -TiP" *5i«^ «*R^ -vTO" BENJAMIN R. STAUFFER, who is busily and profitably carrj'ing on agriculture in East Lampeter Township, is one of its most worthy citizens, and is held in high estimation by all about him. He is the son of Daniel and Mary (Rohrer) Stauflfer, and was born on the home farm February 26, 1827. In 1749 Johannas Stauffer, the grandfather of our subject, emigrated from Germany, landing first in Philadelphia, whence he came direct to Lancas- ter County, where his father, John Stauffer, pur- chased six hundred acres of land from William Penn. Our subject now has in his possession the deed which was given on that occasion. The grand- father was born in Germany January 15, 1737, and on the death of his father in America, carried on the old homestead, at the same time preaching in the Mennonite Church. November 11, 1764, he married Miss Frankie Buckwater, who was born June 19, 1746. The children resulting from their union were Daniel, Christian, John and P'annic. The grandfather died December 26, 1811, and his good wife passed away February 18, 1828. The father of our subject was born on the old homestead March 29, 1771, and choosing the life of an agriculturist, became the owner of one hun- dred and eighty, acres of the home farm. He was well read, especially' in the Scriptures, and was a devoted member of the Mennonite Church. In politics he was a stanch Democrat and active in the affairs of his party. November 1, 1803, he married Mary Rohrer, who was born on Christmas Day of 1781, and was the daughter of Isaac Rohrer, a farmer of this township. Their union resulted in the birth of seven sons and four daughters. Daniel, born December 6 1805 was for a time an 604 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. agriculturist of this county, hut later removed to Ohio, where he died. Marv, who was born in March, 1807, died in 18.56, unmarried. John w.as born January 27, 1809, and departed this life in the . Buckeye State in 1867. Henry was born Decem- ber 28, 1812, and died March 19, 1894. Isaac was born July 1, 1814, and became a farmer of Martic Township, where he died November 18, 1885- Susan, born January 22, 1817, married Samuel Kurtz, and died September 4, 1845, in Manheim Township. Christian was born September 25, 1818, and is engaged as a cabinet-maker in Louisville, Ky. Esther, born March 28, 1820, is the wife of .Joseph Herr, of West Lampeter Township, this county. Ephraim was born in May, 1821, and died in Ohio in 1859. Our subject was the next in order of birth. Elizabeth, whose birth occurred November 22, 1828, is a widow, and makes her home in Ohio. The father died on the 21st of September, 1855, and the mother on the 2d of January, 1873. Tiie original of tliis sketch was educated in the common schools, and has spent almost liis entire life on the old homestead, of which he now owns ninety-three acres. For two years he w.as engaged in milling, but after his marriage returned to the farm, where he has since resided, and is now occu- pied in its cultivation with good results. Mr. Stauffer was one of the organizers and Directors of the Eastern Market of Lancaster. He is a stanch Democrat in politics and an active member of the Mennonite Church. He is a very religious man, and active in all good works in his community. Mr. Stauffer was married December 25, 1853, to Miss Elizabeth R., daughter of Rev. Joseph Mayer, a minister in the Dunkard Church. To them were born three children, of whom two died in infancy, and Daniel M., born in 1856, is engaged as a carpenter in East Petersburg Township. Mrs. .Stauffer departed tliis life September 21, 1857, and January 6, 1859, our subject married Miss Anna S., daughter of George Kreider. Of their children, Mary, who was born December 25, 1859, married Isaac Buckwater, and is now deceased; Elizabeth, born March 3, 1863, married Levi B. Huber, and is living in Manheim Township; Anna K.,born Jan- uary 1, 1867, is the wife of Amos Kreider, and makes her home in this township; and Emma K., born April 6, 1871, married Henry H. Frank, and is living in this county. _=] ^H^[ HENRY CLAY YOUNG owns a one-tliird interest in the Columbia Flint Company, pulverizers of pure rock flint, wiiose works have a capacity of twenty-five tons per day and give employment to fourteen men. Mr. Young was born in tliis city September 14, 1852, and is the son of Benjamin and Sarah (Lentz) Young, the former of whom was a native of Mari- etta, this county. lie received his education in Columbia, where he learned the trade of a mer- chant tailor, following that business very success- fully until his decease, which occurred in 1854, re- sulting from cholera. He was a prominent Odd Fellow, belonging to Susquehanna Lodge of Co- lumbia. The parental family of our subject included seven children, viz.: Amanda, Henrietta, Winfield Scott, John Edward, Llewellyn, George W. and Henry C, the two last twins. The father died Sep- tember 29, 1854, at the age of forty-two j'ears. His good wife is still living at the age of seventy-seven years, and married for her second husband Henry Haines, who is now also deceased. Henry C, of this sketch, was educated in the public schools of May town, this county, and when fourteen years of age went to New Albany, Ind., where he learned to manufacture cotton and woolen goods. He remained in the west from 1867 to 1876, when he returned to this state, and was engaged in work in Philadelphia for three years, when we find him located in Columbia, where he served a 3-ear's apprenticeship in paint- ing and paper hanging. Returning at the expira- tion of that time to Indiana, he there engaged in business on his own account, and continued thus until his location in Fairfield, Iowa. Remaining there but a short time, Mr. Y^oung made his way PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 607 back to St. Louis, Mo., where he was engaged in the retail cigar business, and after a short time re- turned to the Quaker Cit}-, wiiere he carried on a furniture, house furnisliing and paper hanging business until 1881. The same year Henry C. Young came to Co- iumbia and opened a line establishment stocked with a full line of wall paper, and built up an ex- cellent business, remaining in his first location until January 1, 1894. He recently sold out his business and purchased the stock of the Columbia Flint Company, of which he was made President and Manager. Mr. Young is a stockholder and for two 3'ears was Director in the Columbia AVagon Company, and is also interested in the Keeley Stove AVorks. He is the possessor of much valuable real estate in the city, owning a number of residences besides unimproved pri)perty. He is likewise a stock- holder in the Middle States Building and Loan Association of Ilagerslown, Md., and socially be- longs to Columbia Lodge No. 286, F. it A. M., and Corinthian Chapter No. 224, and Cyrene Com- mandeiy No. 34. In religious affairs he is con- nected with the Lutheran Church, to the support of which he is a regular contributor. In politics our subject is a stanch Democrat and takes an act- ive interest in the success of his party. Heniy Clay Y'oung and Miss Esther C, daugh- ter of Samuel Filbert, were united in marriage February 15, 1877. To them has been born a daughter, L. Cora. BENJAMIN F. HIESTAND, President of the Exchange Bank of Marietta. The history of the Hiestand family in Amer- ica dates back to the year 1727, when Johannes Hiestand emigrated to this country from Germany, making settlement in Manor Township, Lancaster County, and there remaining until his death in 1784. His son Henry, who died in 1805, was the 27 father of four sons, John, Peter, Jacob and Henry, and two daughters, Ellizabeth and Barbara. The eldest son, John, moved from Manor to Donegal Township, where he purchased a large tract of land. He died in 1797, leaving five sons, Jacob, Andrew, Henry, John and Peter. He was fifty- eight years survived by his widow, Annie (Her- shey) Hiestand, who passed from earth March 5, 1855, aged ninetj'-three years and six daj's. They were the parents of five sons, of whom the eldest, Jacob, spent his entire life upon one of the homes; he married, and at his death left a daughter, Bar- bara, wife of Nathaniel Ellmaker. Andrew, the second son of -lohii and Annie Hiestand, lived and died upon a farm adjoining the old homestead. He married Annie Miller, and their union was blessed by the birth of three sons and three daughters, namely: John M., a farmer of Donegal Township, who married Martha Hies- tand and had four sons and one daughter; An- drew M., a physician, first in Mt. Joy, who moved thence to Norfork, Va., in 1879, and there died in 1887, leaving a widow and one son, Albert; Ben- jamin F., the subject of this sketch; Elizabeth (Mrs. Benjamin Ilostetter); Ann, who married .lohn Summy; and Mar^', wife of Henry Shenk. Henrj-, the third son of John Hiestand, married jMargaret Cochran, their union resulting in the birth of six sons. The eldest, Hon. John A. Hie- stand, is deceased, as is also Samuel C, for many years a partner of the subject of this sketch; the other four sons are Henry, Peter, Jacob and Abram. John, the fourth son, also married a Miss Cochran, sister of the wife of his brother Henry; he moved to Dayton, Ohio, where he died leaving four sons, Jacob, Andrew, Heni-y and Aaron, and three daughters, Elizabeth, Mary and Julia. Peter, the fifth son, was married and moved to Indiana, where he died leaving no issue. Upon the old homestead in East Donegal Town- ship, near Marietta, which has been in the posses- sion of the family for over one hundred years, and is now owned by the subject of this sketch, the birth of Benjamin F. Hiestand occurred July 3, 1828. He went to Marietta in 1848 before he was twenty-one years of age, and entered into the lumber business. Two years later he formed a 608 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. partnership with the late Samuel C. Hiestand, and their business relations continued until the death of the latter in 1876, since which time it has been in the hands of our subject, a period of nearly a half-century. Of late years his three sons, B. Frank, Henry S. and George, have been taken into the firm, and the management is now in their hands, tlius affording their father an opportunity to attend to the numerous other enterprises in which he is interested. In 1863 the First National Bank of Marietta was organized, and Mr. Hiestand was one of the original subscribers to the stock. He also served as a Director and the Vice-President of the con- cern until 1874, when he disposed of his stock. At that time the bank had a surplus equal to its capi- tal. Then, associated with a number of promi- nent citizens of the community, Mr. Hiestand or- ganized the Exchange Bank of Marietta, with a capital of $50,000. which has now a surplus more than its capital. Of this institution he has been President since its incorporation, and has made a dividend of five per cent, annually. Associated with A. H. Mussehnan,now deceased, Mr. Hiestand in 1863 organized the Chiekles Roll- ing Mill Company, but the partnership was dis- solved after three years. He was one of the orig- inal stockholders and managers of the Marietta Hollow Ware Works, but in 1883 disposed of his interest in that enterprise, the stock being worth more than double its original value. In 1889 he again entered into business, organizing the Mari- etta Casting Companj^, with a capital of $50,000. He has been President of the company since its origin. In agricultural pursuits he has always taken a great interest, and his farms adjoining Marietta are among the finest in the state, being especially adapted for the cultivation of tobacco, fifty-five to sixty-five acres being grown annually. Among the numerous business enterprises in which Mr. Hiestand has engaged we must not fail to men- tion his large operations in the purchasing and packing of leaf tobacco. Often called upon to fiU'positions of trust, Mr. Hiestand has served as executor, administrator, assignee, guardian and trustee of large estates. He was one of the originators of the Hapover Junc- tion Railroad, which extended from Chickies to the Reading & Columbia Railroad, and since then has been a Director in the Columbia & Reading Road. In 1858 he married Miss Martha Schock, and one daughter and seven sons were born of the union. The three sons above mentioned are the only survivors. Annie, Eugene and Walter died in childhood; Horace A. when he was just enter- ing into manhood, and John Andrew, an attorney- at-law, in 1894, at the age of thirty-one. The latter was especially able and intelligent, and by his untimely death a life of great promise was suddenly terminated. B. Frank, Mr. Hiestand 's eldest son, was married in 1887 to Miss Mary Me- haffey, eldest daughter of George W. Mehaffey ; she died in 1790. Mr. Hiestand is recognized as one of the best business men of the county, and is known as a re- markably shrewd financier. He is conservative, yet enterprising. By all who know him he is looked up to, not only as a sound business man, but also as a Christian gentleman and a citizen of the highest standing. He admires industry and frugality, and is always willing to lend a helping hand to those who help themselves. His leading characteristics are perseverance, good judgment and remarkable business ability, frugality on the practical side, coupled with a warm heart and sym- pathetic disposition on the other. MARTIN L. HERR, A. M., M. D. There is probably no citizen of Lancaster whose name is connected with more progressive enterprises or whose efforts have more largely pro- moted the material progress of the place, than the gentleman who forms the subject of this sketch. For many years he has conducted the most exten- sive practice of any physician of the citj% and is also identified with various leading measures and business enterprises, He is now serving as Vice- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 609 President and Director of the Lancaster Land and Improvement Company, President of the Lancas- ter and Columbia Electric Railway Company, Pres- ident of the Lancaster Safety Huggy Compan3', Vice-President of the Lancaster Traction Company and Director in the Conestoga National Bank and the Hubley Manufacturing Company. For many generations the Ilerr family has re- sided in Lancaster County, where settlement was first made by John (or Hans) Ilerr, a native of Switzerland, wlio in 1709 located in what is now Lampeter Township, near Willow Street. His set- tlement antedated the purchase of the land from William I'enn. Prosperity attended his labors in the New World. lie became a farmer and large land owner, and died well-to-do in tliis world's goods. In religious faith he was a Mennonite. Through him we trace the family' genealogy to Manuel, his son; Rev. John, a minister in the Mennonite Church; David, an agriculturist b}- oc- cupation; Adam, who owned and operated a mill at Strasburg, on Pequea Creek, and there died; Christian B., a native of Strasburg; and Dr. Herr, of this sketch. Our subject's father followed the combined oc- cupations of miller and farmer, carrying on a farm in Lampeter Township, where he died at the age of thirty-eight years. His wife,' whose maiden name was Maria Light, was born near Lancaster, and was a daughter of Martin Light, a farmer speculator, large land owner and prominent Whig politician, who died at the age of fiftj'-three ^-ears. Mrs. Maria Herr now makes her home with her eldest son. Dr. Herr. Her other son, Adam P., be- came a dentist, and died in Lancaster, aged thirt^'- eight years. There are two' daughters living: Mrs. Annie E. Yokum,of Columbia, Pa.; and Mrs. Fan- nie Keefer, of Columbia. Strasburg, Lancaster County, is Dr. Herr's birth- place, and September 13, 1838, his natal day. His education was gained in the Lancaster public schools, and at the age of nineteen he commenced to teach school, spending the winter months in that occupation, while during the summer he was a stu- dent in the State Normal at Millersville. He con- tinued in that way for three years. Under the preceptorship of Dr. Cassidy, of Lancaster, he com- menced the study of medicine, and later attended Jefferson Medical College one and one-half terms. In 1862 he was appointed medical cadet in the ITnited States army, and four years later was grad- uated from the University' of Nashville with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. As a medical cadet he was employed in the general hospital at Nash- ville, where he practiced medicine and surgery. He also received the appointment of Assistant Surgeon in 1865, which position he held until 1867. Then resigning he returned to Lancaster, opened an office, and has since engaged in the practice of his profession. As a surgeon, he has gained more than local prominence, and has per- formed many delicate and intricate operations with skill and success. The lady who in 1870 became the wife of Dr. Herr bore the maiden name of Rosina E. Hubley, and was born in Philadel|)hia, a daughter of John Iluble}', of that cit3'. Her grandmother, Mrs. Ro- sina Hubley, was quite prominent during tlie late war, being President of tiie organization known as the Patriot Daughters. Mrs. Herr died in 1889, after having become the mother of five children. They are: Sarah JL; William Hubley, a student in the medical department of the University of Penn- sylvania, being a member of the Class of '97; Rob- ert Martin, who died in 1881; John Light,an elec- trician; and Annie Elizabeth. On the 15th of March, 1894, Dr. Herr was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John C. Hager, a mer- chant of Lancaster. The political views of Dr. Herr are in accord with Republican principles. Prominent in local affairs, he served as Chairman of the Council two years and as a member for several 3'ears. On the School Board he rendered efficient service in the interests of education for twelve years. Socially, he is connected with the G. H. Thomas Post No. 84, G. A. R. He secured the organization of the first Board of Health in Lancaster, and was its President. Organizing the Lancaster Pathological Medical Society, he was its President for several terms, and has alwaj'S been active in its work. He is also identified with the County, State and Amer- ican Medical Societies, as well as the International Medical Association. He was delegate to the con- 610 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. vention of the last-named organization, which met at Berlin, Germany, in 1890, and four years later again served as delegate to the convention at Rome, Italy. Frequently he has been called upon to contribute articles to prominent medical jour- nals, and these have been widely read and copied. An Episcop.alian in religious belief, Dr. Herr has for some time been a Vestryman in the St. James' Church. As before stated, he is connected with various corporations, and is foremost in progressive measures. He is a lecturer on anatomy and hy- giene in Franklin and Marshall College, surgeon of tlie Lancaster General Hospital and consulting surgeon of St. Joseph's Hospital. He laid out the East End Addition to the city, a tract of seventeen acres extending from King Street to below Chester. His residence and office are located at Nos. 226- 228 North Duke Street. The success which has come to hira is not the result of fortuitous circum- stances, but of energy, determination, force of character and decision of purpose. His versatile talents place him among the leading citizens of the city and state, and have also gained for liira an extensive acquaintance. -^^l m^m 11^ 0OL. JAMES DUFFY, Aide-de-camp on the staff of Governor Pattison, is one of the most prominent citizens of Marietta. He comes of good old Celtic ancestry, and his paternal grandfather was a member of the famous Light Horse Cavalry of Ireland previous to his emigra- tion to tlie United States in 1800. The father of the latter, John Duffy, was born in Cunningham, County Donegal, and was a leather dresser by trade. By his marriage with Ann Bradley, he had one son, James, whose birth occurred in the same locality as did his father's. James Duffy was a man of large acquirements and business ability, and after set- tling in Lancaster County, constructed the Mari- etta & Lancaster Turnpike and that from Elizabeth- town to the Susquehanna River, as well as the road from Carlisle to Baltimore by w.ay of York Springs and Gettysburg. He married Catherine Sheridan, a native of Count3' Donegal, by whom he had twelve children. He was a Democrat, and in religious belief a Roman Catholic. He died in 1836, aged sixty-five years, while his wife's death oc- curred in 1820. He was one of the projectors of the borough of Marietta and did much to forward the prosperity of the county. Our subject's father, Col. James Duffy, was born in this place September 16, 1818, and in his boy- hood engaged in rafting on the Susquehanna, fi- nally rising to the rank of pilot. He continued thus employed until 1846, and the following year made a trip to Europe. In 1848 he established a line of boats for transporting coal from Pottsville to New York, in the interest of the Schuylkill Navigation Company. In connection with James Mehaffy he began dealing in land at Marietta, and later embarking in the lumber business, continued in the same until 1865. In 1861 he began transport- ing supplies for the Government to forts in New Mexico, Salt Lake City and the west. The magni- tude of these contracts can be estimated from the fact that millions of dollars were employed, and over thirty thousand oxen were used. After seven years spent in this direction Mr. Duffy retired from active business, devoting his attention to his landed interests, and won the reputation of being the largest tobacco grower in the state. In 1877 he became interested in the Marietta Hollow Ware and Enameling Company, and controlled one-half of the stock. In 1875 he was appointed a member of the Board of Fish Commissioners for Pennsylvania. He was one of the Directors of the Bald Eagle Val- ley Railroad, and was active in the support of many enterprises. He was a Democrat and in re- ligion was, like his forefathers, a Roman Catholic. Col. James Duffy, Sr., was married September 8, 186.3, to Martha, daughter of John Park, of this city, and to them were born the following children: Josephine; Catherine, deceased; James, our subject; Donald Cameron; Thomas Bayard; .John Park, de- ceased; Martha Park; John Park; the second of the name, who has also passed away, and one who died in infancy. The birth of our subject occurred at Marietta PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 611 August 24, 1867. His early education was obtained in tiie public schools and afterward he attended Georgetown (D. C.) College, and the Pennsylvania Military College of Chester. Pa. In 1889 he left the latter institution to embark in l)usincss, and is now Treasurer of the MarietUi Hollow Ware and Enam- eling Company, one of the leading industries in this count}'. He is a man of progressive ideas and ex- ecutive abilit}'. Politicall}' he is alUliated with the Democratic party, was a delegate to the State Con- ventions of 1891 and 1894, and in 1892 was a can- didate for Presidential Elector. In 1890 he was elected Burgess of Marietta by a majority of one hundred and ninety-eiglit, although the nominal Republican majority was one hundred. In the fol- lowing year and in 1892 he was honored by re- election, and February' 2, 1891, was appointed Aide-de-camp on Governor Pattison's staff. The Colonel resides in a spacious mansion at Marietta, from whose ([uarlers a magnificent view of the Sus- quehanna and the York County hills is obtained. The owner is a genial, hospitable gentleman, who has won friends in all circles. HS. STAUFFER, Manager of the Columbia Grey Iron Companj-, is also interested in various enterprises in the city and is the owner of much valuable real estate. He is a Direct- or and Vice-President of the National Bank of Mt. Joy, and being a man of progressive ideas, is unexcelled as a business man, and is one of the leading and wealthy citizens of Columbia. Our subject is the son of John and Elizabeth (Hostetter) Staufler, and was born in 1846, in F-asl Hempfleld Township, Lancaster Countj^. The family is of Swiss origin, the first representative coming to America many years ago and locating on property in this county. Grandfather Martin Stauffer lived in the northwestern portion of Lan- caster County, and owned mills in Manhcim. He enlisted as a soldier in the War of 1812, but was not allowed to participate, as peace was declared while he was en route to Baltimore. I'lie father of our subject was born in Marietta, this county. He was a very prominent man in his community, and was one of the promoters and organizers of the Manheim National Bank, of which he served as President until his death, in 1878. He was interested in numerous business enterprises in the place. In politics he was an active Republican, on which ticket he was elected Justice of the Peace and ."school Director. The parental family included the following- named children: Maria, the wife of S. N. Eaby, who resides in Mt. Joy; Emanuel, who died when two years of age; our subject, and John K., who is farming the old homestead near Landisville. The husband and father died at the age of seventy-two years. His good wife departed this life in 1869, in the fiftj'-seventh year of her age. H. S. Stauffer was a student in Millersville Nor- mal School at the time of enlisting in the linion Army as a member of the Reserve Corps. The comjiany was never ordered to the front and when mustered out he located in Mt. Joy, where for seventeen years he was engaged in business alone. In 1881, however, in company with his brother-in- law, S. N. Eab}', he organized the Grey Iron Com- pany, and they carried on the business together for a short time, when Mr. Eaby withdrew. Our subject then conducted affairs under the name of the Grey Iron Casting Company until 1892, when he sold the business to other parties, and remains in the capacity of manager of the plant. They give employment to sixty men at the present time, although the capacity of the mill is one hundred and twenty-five. Mr. Staufler is a stalwart Republican and takes great interest in the success of his party. Socially he is a member of Lodge No. 551, F. & A. M., Chapter No. 43, Commandery No. 13, and Lodge of Perfection No. 43. As an Odd Fellow, he is an officer in Salome Lodge at Manheim, and is also connected with Mt. Joy Lodge No. 277 of the same order. He belongs to the Knights of the Golden Eagle and the Knights of Pythias in Lan- caster. He is very influential in politics in his community and takes an active part in the Young 612 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Men's Republican Club of Columbia and the Re- publican Lodge. The marriage of Mr. Stauffer with Miss Cather- ine Becker was celebrated October 21, 1866. To them was born a son, Paris B., who is preparing himself to enter the ministry of the Episcopal Church. Mrs. Stauffer died in 1883, and two years later our subject was again married, his second union resulting in the birth of five children, named rcspectivel3', Paris, Howard B., Miriam, Elizabeth and Edith. eLEMENT SMELTZ ERLSMAN, a member of the Select Council of Lancaster, is one of the leading contractors in the city. He is practical and progressive in his ideas, and in favor of everything that can benefit the citj' in its Steady upward progress. He is a native of Lan- caster, and has always been identified with its de- velopment. His birth occurred .July 15, 1838, and here he received a common and high school educa- tion, which has fitted him for his duties in after life. The founder of the Erisman family in America was Melchoir, who emigrated from his native coun- try, Switzerland, about 1716, and purchased a tract of land adjoining the present site of Lancaster. He was one of the pioneer agriculturists of this community, and was of the Mennonite faith. His son John, our subject's great-grandfather, was born and reared on his father's farm in Lancaster Town- ship, and learned the carpenter's trade. He bore the reputation of being able to hew a log as smoothly as though it had been planed. In mid- dle life he became a contractor and builder in the city of Lancaster, where his death occurred at the extreme old age of ninety years. Grandfather Jacob Erisman, born in this county, followed the occupation of a butcher, and his death occurred in Lancaster. Our subject's father, Jacob, who was born in this city, followed the business of tailoring for a great many years until appointed to the po- sition of Tipstaff in the court house, which place he still holds, though now in his seventj'-ninth j'ear. He is a Republican and was once one of the Street Commissioners, and at another time Market Master. In his religious convictions he still adheres to the faith of his ancestors, being a member of the Moravian Church. His wife, Elizabeth, a native of Lancaster, is a daughter of Clement Smeltz, who was born in Germany, and was one of the early' settlers of this locality. Mrs. Erisman, who is in her seventy-seventh year, holds membership with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and of her six children, five are living. Clement S. Erisman, who was named in honor of his maternal grandfather, is the eldest child in his father's family, and when seventeen years of age was apprenticed to learn the carpenter's trade. At the age of twenty he went to Harrisburg, where he remained for a time; he then returned to this city, but again going to Harrisburg, he worked at his trade, and was there married. The lady who became his wife April 28, 1861, was Miss Salome E. Cleckner, a native of that city. Our subject about a year later became a member of Company E, First Pennsylvania Militia, respon- ding to the emergency call. In 1869 Mr. Erisman engaged in contracting and building in Lancaster, and specimens of his handi- work are to be seen in all parts of the city and vicinity. We will mention only a few, as he is well known as having had the supervision of manj' of the finest structures. He erected the Baptist Church, St. John's Lutheran Church, the Lancaster County Bank, the beautiful residence of Miss Kate Long on the corner of Orange and Duke Streets, that of John B. Bausman, and many of the finest houses in the city. He owns and. erected his resi- dence at the corner of West Chestnut and Nevin Streets, and owns much other residence property. Mr. and Mrs. Erisman have eight living children, and two are deceased. In order of birth they are as follows: Clement Grant, Harry, William, Cliarles, Mary, Clara, Bess and Bertha. The two eldest sons are carpenters, in business with their father; Mary is the wife of Milton Zercher; and Clara is Mrs. Harry Rossman, both of this city. Our subject was elected a member of the Select PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 613 Council from the Fifth Ward in 1889, was re-elected in 1891, and again iu 1893, havins^ taken a very active part in the city legislation. When the ques- tion of a water reservoir came up he took a stand against it, and met with much opposition, but is now upheld in his position. Fraternally, he is an Odd Fellow and a member of the Artisans' Society. In politics it is needless to Sfiy to those that know him that he is a decided Republican. He and his wife are worthy and active members of the Meth- odist Episcoi)al Church, and are held in the high- est esteem and respect by their hosts of friends. REV. JAMES HARRISON ESTERLINE has for six 3'ears been the beloved pastor of the Church of God or Union Bethel con- gregation of Lancaster. This is one of the oldest church organizations in this localit)', having been started about 1831, and the church building hav- ing been put up about ten years later. The edifice is of brick, with a lecture room and rectory adjoin- ing, and its location is quite central, being at the corner of Orange and North Prince Streets. Our subject is a zealous worker in the Master's vine- yard, having devoted the best jears of his en- ergy and life to the cause. He was born July 18, 1848, in Frederick County, Md., and his father, William Esterline, was a native of York County. The paternal grandfather, whose given name was George, was born in the Fatherland and at an carl\- day removed to America, settling upon a farm in York County. The father of our subject was a farmer and also a cooper, meeting with good success in both lines of his work and becom- ing quite well-to-do. His wife, formerly Martha Corson, is still living, her home being in Mechan- icstown, Md., and in the same state her nativity occurred. Both she and her husband have been afflliated with the Lutheran denomination, in which faith they brought up their family, seven of whom are still living. Rev. Mr. Esterline was reared on his father's farm, and being the eldest of the family, his ser- vices were in demand for a number of jears in agricultural pursuits. In the spring of 18G4, then only a youth barelj' of regulation age, he enlisted in Company I, Thirteenth Maryland Regiment, and was mustered into the service at Frederick City. His company was assigned to the Eighth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, and were on guard and special duty in Virginia until the close of the war, when they were mustered out in Balti- more, in June, 1865. The education of our subject liad been interrupted by the turmoil of war, and thus on his return to the north he continued the same, being a student in the State Normal School. Afterward he engaged in teaching school for a time and then decided to devote his life to the ministry. The first theological studies of our subject were pursued under the tutleage of Rev. Mr. Schwartz, and in 1867 he became connected with the mission work of the United Brethren Church. In 1869 he was ordained, becoming junior pastor of the Church of God at Ft. Littletown. Afterward he was ap- pointed as regular pastor at Mechanicsburg, Cum- berland County, and next was for a year at a church near Hagerstowu, Md. For a similar period of time he was pastor of the church at Marysville, Pa., and also of the church at Philadelphia. For the next six years he was located for about two 3"ears each in charge of the congregations at Read- ing, Harribburg and Martinsburg. The next three years were spent in Columbia, the succeeding five years in Newburg, and the two years thereafter again in Harrisburg. In the fall of 1889, coming to Lancaster, he assumed charge of thechurch with which he is j-et connected, and under his guidance the various societies of the congregation have re- ceived new life and impetus for good. Rev. Mr. Esterline has been twice married, his iirst wife having been Miss Steward, who was born in Landisburg, Perry County, and whose fa- ther, Thomas Steward, operated a farm in that lo- cality. During the small-pox epidemic prevalent in Reading, Mrs. Esterline acquired the dread dis- 614 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ease, from which her death resulted. The present wife of our subject, Lena D., was tlie daughter of a Mr. Killiam, an early settler of Lancaster and formerly engaged in business in this place. Our subject is a member of Orrtown Lodge, F. & A. M., and is identified with the Senior Order of United American Mechanics. He was given the honor of Speaker or President of the annual eldership, and has been a representative to the general Iri- an nual elderships. ^!e^jg^^^|g^g-^^«&^S^ig-^g^S^g-g!S AM MATT FRIDY, of Lancaster, is the late Revenue Collector of the Ninth Reve- nue District in Pennsylvania and made a great success of the administration of affairs per- taining to that most important position. He was succeeded February 1, 1894, by Raymond E. Shear- er, and when he turned over his accounts everj^- thing was in the most thorough order. His sub- ordinates at the time of his leaving the position gave him a fine banquet and in every manner manifested tlieir regret at the expiration of his term. Personally he is a man who is extremely well read, is pleasant and courteous in manner and is an enterprising and progressive business man, whose equal in some lines cannot be found. The birth of Mr. Fridy occurred at Mouutville, Lancaster County, March 11, 1837, and his father and paternal grandfather were both also born in the same township. His great-grandfather, John Andrew Fridy, was a native of Baden, Germany, and coming to America a single man, married and settled in this vicinity, engaging in the slioemak- ing business. His wife, by whom he had three children, was in her maidenhood Saloma Yost. The three sons, Matthias, Jacob and Christian, about 1742 settled at Penn's Manor, on Chestnut Hill, which is now occupied by William Walker. John Andrew Fridy was a shoemaker by trade and lived until over seventy years of age, dyinw in the faith of the Lutheran Church. John Fridy, the father of our subject, engaged in farming during his active life and was foremost in educational and local affairs. He was born in 1811, and his death occurred in 1886. In early 3'ears he affiliated with the Whig party, later be- coming a Republican. Tlie mother of our subject, Iillizabeth (Musser) Fridy, was born in 1817 and is still a resident of Mountville, where lier mar- ried life was passed. Her father, Peter Musser was born in the same locality, as was also his father, who bore the Christian name of John, and his grandfather, who had the same name, was born in Wurtemberg, Germany, and came to America in 1740. He bought a farm in 1768 near Mount- ville, where he reared his family. At the battle of Brandy wine he served as a teamster, driving his own horses and wagons. In a family of eleven children, seven of whom • are living, Mr. Fridy of this sketch is the first in order of birth. One brother, Cyrus, served in the Second Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery during the late war, his death occurring while he was in the array. Six of the family make their residence in Mountville. A brother-in-law. Dr. W. P. Snyder, is the present Senator from Chester County, bringing honors to his family. Sam Matt Fridy was reared on his father's farm, his education being gained in the common schools and in Whitehall Academy, at which latter place he was a student for one season. In 1856 he became a teacher of one of the schools near Mountville, the same he had attended in boy- hood. Subsequently he was in charge of two schools in otlier parts of the township. In 1859 he was elected Justice of the Peace for West Hemp- field Township, holding that position until 1862, when he became assistant to Gen. James L. Rey- nolds in the Union service and helped to make the first enrollment from the first draft in this county. The following year he went to Washington, serv- ing in the Quartermaster-General's office in the War Department and having charge of the ac- counts, which responsible post he resigned the lat- ter part of 1865, having proved a most efficient man for the place. From 1857 Mr. Fridy engaged to some extent in the auction business, and in 1865 commenced devoting his time almost entirely to that pursuit. Two j'ears later he went to Harrisburg, where he was employed in the State Department during the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 615 administration of John Geary, Jolin Hartmeed and Col. II. M. Iloyt. During the fifteen years that he continuously occupied the position he made his home in that city and discharged the responsible affairs of the ottice in a creditable raanuer. In the fall of 1881 Mr. Kndy was nominated on the Hepiiblican ticket Prothonotary, was elected and in January, 1882, took charge of tiie ollice, which he occupied for three j-ears, and on the ex- piration of his term in 1885 he was elected Justice of the Peace of West Hempfield Township and as such acted until appointed to his late position as Col- lector of Revenues. He entered upon the duties of this office November 1, 188'J. The Fifteenth District comprises fifteen counties, namely: Lan- caster, Vork, Adams, Cumberland, Fulton, Bedford, Blair, Huntingdon, IMifflin. .luniata, Snyder, Perry, Daupliin. Lebanon and Franklin. While Justice of the Peace he was assistant in the Prothonotary's office during the administrations of John Skiles and John W. Mentzer. In the Ninth District over #9,000,000 of stamps for cigars were sold during his administration, this being the second largest cigar district in the United States, as there are about twent^'-four hundred factories within its limits, and the collection of revenues from this one industrj- ranks next to that of the New York Dis- trict, which is the first. The revenues from beer and spirit stamp taxes are also very great and the total collections during the term of office of Mr. Fridy amounted the immense sum of #9,120,199. The office employs fifteen deputies outside the main headquarters and two stamp deputies. The whole of the post office building on the second floor is occupied by tiie Internal Revenue office, which fact shows to some extent the large amount of business transacted and its local importance. In Mountville in 1857 Mr. F'ridy married Miss Harriet Develin, a native of that locality and daughter of John Develin, who was born in New Holland, Lancaster County, and engaged in busi- ness as a merchant in Mountville until his death in 1868. Three children have blessed the union of Mr. and Mrs. Frid}': LaF'ayette, who is a pas- senger locomotive engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, with headquarters at Philadelphia; Annie E. and Mercy. It is said that the surname of our subject was formerly spelled Frietag, and was changed for convenience. Since resigning his position as Internal Reve- nue Collector Mr. F'ridy h.as returned to his former work as an auctioneer, being considered one of the best in that line of business in the country. His services are requested at auctions in this and a number of neighboring counties and he has frequently conducted sales in York, Dauphin, Berks, Lebanon and Chester Counties. As a pen- man he excels, his writing being extremely leg- ible, which makes it a pleasure to anj-one look- ing over his voluminous accounts. Fraternally he belongs to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., Co- lumbia Chapter No. 224, R. A. M., and to Cy- rene Commandeiy No. 34 of Columbia. He is a member also of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is Past Chancellor of Zagord Lodge No. 150, K. of P.. arid Past Sachem of Susquehanna Lodge No. 12, Order of Red Men. I®). ....M^m^. ^ JOSEPH L. BRANDT has been for the past fifteen years Cashier of the Exchange Bank of Marietta, and owing to his judicious man- agement, close attention to business and uniform courtesy to all, has been a prominent fac- tor in the upbuilding of this, one of the most sub- stantial institutions of its kind in Lancaster Coun- ty. When he assumed his position the stock of the bank barely sold at par ($100) and although it passed through one of the greatest panics this country has ever experienced, its annual dividends were paid regularly, and sufficient surplus was added to the capital stock to make it now worth 8215 per share. Mr. Brandt is also Treasurer of the Marietta Castings Company, having held that y 616 POETRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. office since the incorporation of the plant in 1889, with a capital stock of 150,000. In addition to the enterprises mentioned, our subject is also in- terested in other local concerns, and has the agency for a number of leading fire insurance companies. In tracing the ancestral history of .Joseph L. Brandt, we find that his great-great-grandfather, Samuel, was a native of the Palatinate, Germany, and in 1732 left Rotterdam, going to London, where he took passage on the ship "Samuel," Hugh Pierce, Master. He settled in Rapho Township, this county, and his name appears among those assessed by the officials of that township in their report of 1756, the earliest on record. Besides the landed estate he there owned he possessed sereral large farms in Dauphin County (then Lon- donderry Township, in Lancaster County), which were occupied by his sons, Michael and John. He engaged in farming in Rapho Township up to the time of his death, which occurred in 1784. His children were named as follows: Michael, Cliris- tian, John, Yost, Anna Maria, Elizabeth, Esther and .liicob. .Tohn Brandt, one of his sons, and the great-grandfather of our subject, occupied a farm after his marriage which lies on the right bank of the Conewago Creek, in the township of the same name, Dauphin County, within a mile of the junc- tion of the three counties, Dauphin, Lancaster and Lebanon. This place is now owned b}' Levi Meck- lej'. The widow of John Brandt, Maria, afterward married a Mr. Dempsy, and lived in Elizabeth- town. The children of John Brandt were Chris- tian, born November 23, 1765; John, February 24, 1767; Barbara, February 11, 1769 (wife of Jacob Longenecker) ; Samuel, October 9, 1771, and Mich- ael, April 24, 1774. The father died in 1774, while his children were all quite young. John Brandt, our subject's grandfather, was in- dentured to George Rutt for three years and eight months, from 1784, to learn the trade of joiner and spinning wheel maker. After he had grown to man's estate, he, with his employer and fellow- carpenters, built a number of Swisser barns in the vicinity of Maytown. Among these buildings was one erected for Christian Bucher, one of the wealthiest citizens of Donegal township, who was born March 27, 1742, and died December 27, 1825. The young carpenter, John Brandt, at this time fell in love with Mr. Bucher's third daughter, Frances, born January 18, 1769, and they were married April 26, 1791. Her eldest sister, Anna, married John Ta3'lor, and among her grandchil- dren was Bayard Ta3'lor, of Chester County, the noted traveler, author and poet. After his mar- riage, Mr. Brandt occupied a farm of one hundred and thirty acres belonging to his. wife's father and adjoining his homestead, this place being sit- uated about a mile and a-half northwest of May- town. He bought the property in 1804 and there" resided until his death, which occurred Decem- ber 14, 1842. His widow survived him until De- cember 10, 1857. They were the parents of the following children: Frances, born January 28, 1792, married James Maginnis, after his death be- came the wife of Samuel Bossier and died May 8, 1874; Anna, born September 15, 1793, married Joseph Clepper, and after his death .Jacob S. Holdeman, and died iu Bement, III., January 20, 1880; Christian, born September 12, 1795, died January 7, 1870; John, who was born October 7, 1797, married Catherine Hossler, and died Decem- ber 24, "1854; Joseph, born March 20, 1800, mar- ried Nanc}' Nissley, a widow, and died February 12, 1845; Elizabeth, born December 21, 1803, mar- ried John HoUinger, and died October 5, 1829. Christian Brandt, the father of our subject, was born on the old Brandt homestead, described above, and resided there during his lifetime. In 1827 he married Elizabeth Long, who was born in 1808, and died in 1889, and was a daugliter of Abram Long, who lived near Donegal Spring. Mr. Brandt was a tenant farmer until his father's estate was settled, when in 1858 he became the owner of the old farm. He was a Democrat, but took very little interest in politics. Religiously he w.is a member of the Mennonite Church, an exemplary Christian, and like his ancestors, was specially noted for strict integrity, industry and sobriety. He died January 7, 1870, when in his seventy-fifth year. He had eight sons. Jacob, born October 11, 1829, died from the effects of accidental scalding at the age of three years; John, born January 1, 1831, mar- ried Mary Ann Hossler; Abraham, born August 19, 1833, married Anna Mary Creider, and died PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 617 November 11, 1888; Christian, born April 19, 183C, married Susannah Klioads, and died October 7, 1891; David, Ijorn April 6, 1840, married Maria Hess; Samuel, born October 16, 1841, married Maria E. Staufifer, and died October 10, 1890; Solomon was born February 8, 1845, and Joseph is our subject. Joseph L. Brandt was born May 21, 1847, on the old Brandt homestead, a mile and a-lialf north- west of Maytown, where all his brothei-s as well as his father, aunts and uncles were born and reared, lie worked on his father's farm and at- tended the public schools of the vicinity until eighteen years of age, when he began teaching, and continued in the profession until 1878. The last two years he taught in Maytown High School. In 1867 he attended a summer session of the Mill- ersville .Stale Normal .School, and the following year was graduated from the Crittendou Commer- cial College at Philadelphia, lie received a teach- er's Permanent State Certificate in 1875, and was a successful educator. December 26, 1876, Mr. Brandt of this sketch married Miss Agnes Ma^-, eldest daughter of Rev. Joseph Nissley, a Bishop of the "United Zion's Children," residing near Ilunimelstown, I)au|)hin County. The i'oung couple went to housekeep- ing in Maytown, and of their union have been born six children, their names and dates of birth being as follows: Edith A., October 2, 1878; Grace N., January 27, 1880; John Jaj', January 15, 1882; Joseph Nissley, July 10, 1886; Herman Long, Feb- ruary 25, 1888. and Ruth, May 26, 1890. From 1878 until January 20, 1880, Mr. Brandt served etticiently as Justice of the Peace for East Donegal Township, and in connection with the same engaged in surveying and conveyancing. In January, 1880, he was appointed to his present position as Cashier of the Exchange Bank, and that spring removed with his family into the hank building, where he yet resides. In i)olitics he is strictly independent and non-partisan, but in 1876 was the chosen candidate by the Democratic party for the State Legislature, though he was de- feated, for the county- was overwhelmingly Re- publican. He belongs to no secret societies or so- cial clubs, but is one of the original members of the Pennsylvania German Society, organized April 10, 1891. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church of Marietta and holds the otlices of Elder and Triistee of the same. yi-^v^il^^i HORACE L. HALDEMAN. The family of which this influential citizen of Chickies is a representative has been identified with the history of Pennsylvania from an early period of its settlement. Its members have been active in business affairs and have held prominent positions in the eastern pint of the slate, especially in the counties of Lancaster and Dauphin, one branch having resided at Harrisburg for many years. The lineage is traced to Jacob Haldeman, who was born in Neufcliatel, Switzerland, in 1722, and died in 1793; during the War of the Revolu- tion he was one of the Committee on Public Safety for Rapho Township, Lancaster County. He was a descendant in the seventh generation of Honeste Oaspard Haldimand (whose name in German was Casper Haldeman), a relative of the noted British General, Sir Frederick Haldimand, K. B., at one time Governor-General of Canada. John, a son of Jacob above named, was united in marriage with Maria Breneman, who was born in 1760 and died in 1835, being a daughter of Mel- chior Breneman, second (1726-1809). Their fam- ily consisted of nine children, of wliom Henry (1787-1849), the grandfather of our subject, was one. Henry married Frances Steman (1794-1826) and they became the parents of nine children, the eldest of whom was the distinguished scientist, the late Prof. Samuel Steman Haldeman. One of their younger sons was Cyrus S., our subject's father, who was born at Locust Grove, M.a^' 1, 1825, and died in Boston, Mass., June 16, 1892. On his mother's side our subject is descended from Melchior Breneman (first), who was born in the Upper Palatinate, but owing to religious persecution, fled to America and with other Swiss fatnilies settled in Lancaster Countj' about 618 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 1715. In 1717 he purchased three tracts of land near Lancaster, comprising about seven hundred and fifteen acres, and two years afterward bouglit two tracts, aggregating eleven hundred and fifteen acres, in that part of Lancaster Count}' now known as Conoj' Township. On these latter tracts in Conoy stands the homsteads, farms, distiller}' and mills known as the Breneman and Haldemau homesteads. From Melchior Breneman (second), grandson of Melchior (first), the lineage is traced tiirough John and Michael to John S., our sub- ject's maternal grandfather. Both on his father's and mother's side, therefore, our subject is related to the Brenemans, as by the marriage of John Haldeman and Maria Breneman, his fattier, Cyrus S. Haldeman, is a great-grandson of Melchior Bren- eman (second), and his mother is a great-great- granddaughter of the same Melchior Breneman. From the latter is also descended the late Bayard Taylor, one of America's most illustrious men. 'Upon the death of Grandfather Henry Halde- man, our subject's father, Cyrus S., settled upon the homestead at Locust Grove, and there remained several years, until disposing of the place to his brother Horace, then an officer in the regular army and formerly a soldier in tlie Mexican War. Hav- ing sold the home farm he removed to Philadel- phia, whence in 1856 he went to Columbia and read law with H. M. North. It was his intention to embark in the land business in the western ter- ritories, but the troubles in Kansas caused him to abandon the idea, instead of which he returned to Philadelphia, and during President Buchanan's administration entered the United States Custom House. While thus engaged he began the publica- tion of a commercial paper, the Pliiladelpliia Daily Record. The breaking out of the Civil War so de- moralized the wholesale commercial trade that he suspended the publication of the paper, his printers enlisted, and he offered his services to Gen. Simon Cameron, then Secretary of War, by whom he was appointed Chief Clerk of tlie Volunteer Bureau in the Adjutant-General's office at Washington, un- der Capt. George D. Ruggles, now Adjutant-Gen- eral of the army. He remained in that position until May, 1862, when he was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General and joined the Union army at Yorktown. While there he was attacked with the Peninsular fever and was sent home to die. A vig- orous constitution, however, brought him through and enabled him, after a tedious convalescence, to re-enter the service. Major-General Hancock ap- pointed him Judge Advocate of General Courts Martial, which retained him in service until Jan- uary 12, 1866. Upon leaving the army Cyrus S. Haldeman en- gaged in the insurance business, especially that connected with the railway accident branch, which, with the assistance of our subject, he largely and successfully developed. Later he conducted a general railway ticket and baggage express busi- ness in New York City. While thus occupied. Col. Thomas A. Scott, President of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, an old friend, offered him the position of New England agent of that company. He accepted the place, which he held for twelve years, meantime residing in Boston. He became quite prominent in city affairs and served with marked efficiency as a member of the Board of Aldermen, also two terms as Registrar of Voters. Politically he was a Democrat, as were his father and great-grandfather. He and his wife, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Steman Breneman, were the parents of two children, Horace L. and Henry B. The mother is still living and makes her home with her son, Henry B., in Boston. At the Haldeman homestead, in Locust Grove, Conoy Township, Lancaster County, the subject of this sketch was born September 16, 1847. He was but an infant when the family moved to Chickies, this county, where his father engaged in the blast' furnace business with his brothers, the late Prof. S. S. and Dr. Edwin Haldeman. He was educated in the Philadelphia public schools, passing through the primary, secondary and grammar grades, after which he attended private academies, and also con- tinued his studies under the direction of his fa- ther, a man of superior culture and broad informa- tion. Though but a mere youth when the war broke out, our subject was eager to respond to the call for troops and joined his father at Yorktown. When his father was sick he was ordered to Phila- delphia to straighten out bureau affairs connected PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 619 with the post, which was of considerable impor- tance, owing to the large business necessitated by the United States Jlilitary Hospitals, containing from eighteen to twent}' thousand patients. On his return to Philadelphia he resumed his studies under private instruction, but soon after the raid of General Lee into Penns^ylvania, he again entered the service, becoming First Lieutenant of Company B, Twentieth Pennsylvania Cavalry, July 28, 18().'5, and remained in that regiment until mustered out at the close of the war. After almost two years of hard service he was honorably discharged, June 30, 1865, as Captain of Company' I. During his period of service he held the positions of Assistant Commissary of Musters and Acting Assistant Ad- jutant-General on the staffs of Gens. George Cad- walader, D. N. Couch and O. 8. F'erry. At the close of the war our subject engaged with his father in the insurance business, and later in the general railway ticket business in New York. When his father became New England agent of the Penns3-lvania Railroad Company, he took charge of the financial part of the various agencies of the company in that district, numbering over one hundred. Meantime, owning to the ill health of Dr. Edwin Ilaldeman, senior member of the firm of E. Ilaldeman it Co., at Chickies, too much de- volved upon Paris Ilaldeman, the then active member of liie firm, and the latter therefore per- suaded Horace to enter the iron business. In April, 1872, he became a member of the firm, with which he has since been connected, and at present is the only member of the family residing there or engaging in the business. Upon the formation of the Chickies Iron Company he became its Treas- urer, and later also Superintendent. He is also a member of the firm of Haldeman, Grubb & Co., engaged in the, blast furnace business at Chickies, having had the active management of the business at this place for a number of years. In 1881 he became interested in the Conewago Iron Company at Middlelown. Dauphin County, of which com- panj' he was President and Treasurer. Since 1880 Mr. Haldeman has been a Director of the First National Bank of Marietta. Socially he is one of the charter members of Lieut. William H. Child Post No. 226, G. A. R., at Marietta, in which he has held the positions of Quartermaster and Commander. He has been a delegate to a number of department encampments of the Grand Army, as well as to the national encampment at Boston in 1890, and was an Aid-de-camp on the stafl" of Gen. Russell A. Alger when Commander-in- Chief of the Grand Army. He is the youngest member, in his own right, of the Pennsylvania Comniandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. Politicallj- Mr. Ilaldeman is a Democrat, adher- ing to the faith of his forefathers. He h.as fre- quently represented his party as a delegate to county and state conventions, and in 1888 ac- cepted the nomination for Congress, though with no expectation of election, as Lancaster County had always been largely Republican. In the elec- tric railw.iy development in his neigiiborhood he has taken great interest. He was one of the incor- porators and is now a Director and Treasurer of the Columbia & Donegal Railway, running via Chickies Rock over the mountains between Colum- bia and Marietta. In 1872 Mr. Ilaldeman was united in m.irriage with Miss P^mma L. Jones, and they are the par- ents of one child, Maud. Mrs. Haldeman is a daughter of James R. Jones, a native of Wales, who at one time was largelj' engaged in the iron business, being the builder and owner of the Nov- elty Iron Works at Ilarrisburg, Pa. =^^+^^ He. HOPKINS, a leading and active busi- ness man of Lancaster, is now giving his attention to the management and sale of real estate, having his office at No. 18-22 East Or- ange Street. During Grant's first term of office he was appointed Postofflce Inspector under his cousin, John A. J. Creswell, Postmaster-General, and served in this important position for twelve years. Dur- ing this time he assisted in investigating the Star Route frauds, and was a member of the Postmas- 620 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ter-General's staff. At Pittsburg he assisted in re- organizing tli.at office under the system of compet- titivo examinations. In New York City he had charge of the postage stamp agency as Superinten- dent; all the stamps were issued from that office. Subsequently he was transferred by Mr. James, Postmaster-General, to his old position, Inspector, with headquarters at Chicago. The ancestors of Mr. Hopkins on the paternal side came from Scotland, and were early settlers in Salisbury Townsliip, Lancaster County. His grandfather, .James Hopkins, was a leading lawyer in the city of Lancaster. He married Anne, a daughter of Gen. George Ross, and grandaughter of George Ross, one of the signers of tiie Declara- tion of Independence. Three sisters of her great- grandfather married respectively General Clymer, of Berks County; George Reed and Henry Wilson, who all signed the same illustrious document. James and Anne Hopkins had eleven children, tiie eldest of whom, James M., is the father of our sub- ject, and his brother Washington was a finished lawyer and a distinguished member of the Lancas- ter Bar. James Hopkins, Sr., was a member of the St. Jaraes' Episcopal Church, in which he was a Vestryman. He was interested in furnaces at York and other places, and was quite a man of business. He built a canal around Conowago Falls. He was a large land owner, and at the close of the War of the Rebellion he disposed of llie last of this property. As a lawyer he was considered one of the ablest men of the times in his profession; he practiced at Harrisburg, Carlisle and in York County, and probably enjoyed the largest client- age of any lawyer in the state. While pleading a case in the Lancaster Court House with his accus- tomed enthusiasm and earnestness he burst a blood vessel, which caused his death. James Buchanan, who had studied law with him, assisted in settling up his estate, and became a guardian of our sub- ject's father. In the leading enterprises of the county he had always been foremost, being pro- gressive and enterprising and having very ad- vanced ideas. Jaraes M. Hopkins, our subject's father, was born in Lancaster, in March, 1811, and was reared in bis native place, receiving bis preparatory educa- tion in the public schools, and at the age of six- teen years, the youngest member in his class, grad- uated from Dickinson College. Entering his fa- ther's office he studied law for a year, when be was placed in charge of the latter's furnace at York. Afterwards, be had charge of the furnace at Cono- wingo, in Drumore Township, and in that place is still living. His life has been passed as an iron master, and at one time he owned fully two thou- sand acres of land and also a large flour mill. Po- litically he was an old line Whig, and was once a candidate for Congress on the Democratic ticket against Thaddeus Stevens; the latter's majority was reduced to the smallest he ever received. Mr. Hopkins was tiie first Assessor for the first tax that was levied at the beginning of the war, serving as a deputy under his son-in-law. He has been for }-ears a member of the Episcopal Church, and has always borne a high place in the esteem of bis neighbors. H. C. Hopkins, of this sketch, is the fourth in a family of twelve children, six sons and six daugh- ters, born to James M.and Harriet L. (Webb) Hop- kins. The date of this event w.as April 4, 1842, and the place of his birth was at Conowiugo Fur- nace, Drumore Township, this county. His ele- mentary education was supplemented by a course of study in the academy at Chestnut Level, and the Pottstown Academy. When seventeen years of age be engaged in the lumber business at Port Deposit, Md., and continued there until be came to Lancaster. In 1861 be went back to his l)irth- place and became Superintendent of the furnace, serving as such until 1869. In 1881 he left the Government service, since which time he has been in business in New Y^crk, Philadelphia and west- ern points, though bis family remained in Lancas- ter. In 1892 be permanently settled here, and had an office at No. 108 East King Street as a dealer in stocks and bonds. In the spring of 1894 he became general man.iger of the real-estate ex- change, it also being the office of the Lancaster Real Estate & Improvement Company. He is also identified with the Lancaster Street Railway. In 1870 Mr. Hopkins married Anna E., daugh- ter of Col. George Nauman, of the United States Army, by whom he has bad five children : Harry, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 621 a real-estate and insurance man of Lancaster; Eliz- abeth, who died at the aije of four years; Anna, at home; H!\li)h, a student in Yeates Institute, and Isabella, a student at Linden Hall, at Lititz. Mrs. Hopkins died in 1890, at the age of forty-seven years. A ver3' active Republican, Mr. Hopkins has con- tributed to the success of his party in no small measure, and when serving in a public capacity' proved himself an efficient officer. His business has carried him into every state in the Union east of the Rocky Mountains, with one excepticjn, and his acquaintance among leading men and officials is very extensive. HUGH KEOGH, of Lancaster, is a very prominent citizen of this place, and has built up a wide reputation for bis exten- sive railroad contracts and street and pike con- struction. He has been ver^' successful, and has been busily employed in many parts of this coun- try' on important contract work. He is a man of marked and inherited ability in a linancial way, and uses good judgment and correct methods in his business dealings. Michael Keogh, the father of our subject, was born in Ireland, and with his wife came to Amer- ica in 1832. He settled at Lock No. 2 Port Perry, Alleghany Count}', on the Monongahela River, and continued there to reside for a number of years. He owned the Green Spring coal mines opposite Braddock, and did an extensive shipping business to New Orleans for a period of thirty years. Late in life he retired, purchasing a farm near St. Vin- cent's College of Latrobe, AVestmoreland Count}-, this state, a tract of one hundred and sixty-seven acres. He was a Democrat, and was always inter- ested in the success of his party. He had the following cliildren: John, who died in December, 1872; Michael, killed at Cattish Point on the Mis- sissippi River; .James, who was killed on a steam boat running on the Monongahela River in 1886; William; Hugh; Ella, whose death occurred at the age of thirty-six years, in2l884; and Michael, th® second of the name, a civil engineer in the employ of the city of New York, in the construction of the aqueduct. The children were reared in the faith of the Catholic Church, to which their par- ents adhered. The birth of Hugh Keogh occurred in February, 1847, at Port Perry, Allegliany County, Pa. Until twelve years old he attended the public schools of that place, and then commenced going with his father on trips down the Mississippi River, and during the late Heliellion went back and forth be- tween Pittsburg and Memphis. He followed the river until 1872, when, at N'icksburg, he turned his attention to railroad contracting, though he had had no previous experience in that direction. For a time he was with B. .1. McGrann on the Pittsburg & Lake Erie Railroad, and afterward built the Jladeria Railroad, and constructed two hundred miles of track in Brazil. On his return he constructed two streets in Lancaster, and after- ward took a contract to build the Lititz C++++*'!"5'**++*SS-{"5''5"5"i"{"i****4"5'50 WILLIAM T. GARRISON, President of the Columbia Wagon Companj', is car- rying on an extensive business in Co- lumbia, and also has a branch factory in New York City, occupying Nos. 422-426 West Fifteenth Street. He is a son of Daniel J. and Rebecca (Brinton) Garrison, and was born September 26, 1849, in Salem County, N. J. The family is of English origin, the first representative having come to America in the person of David Garrison, many generations removed from our subject. The pa- ternal grandfather of William T., Daniel Garri- son, was the only child of his parents and was born in Salem, N. J. He was a wealthy real estate dealer of that place, where he spent his entire life. In politics he was a Jacksonian Democrat, on which ticket he was elected to public offices of trust. He was a member of St. Joiin's Episcopal Church, in which he was Warden for many years. During the War of 1812 he served as Captain of a militia, and although often in the thickest of the fight, was never wounded or taken prisoner. He mar- ried Miss Ann Curry, and became the father of three children, of whom the father of our subject was the second in order of birth. The grandfather lived to be sistj'-flve years of age. Daniel J. Garrison was given a fine scliooling, being educated for the ministry in the Episcopal Church at Cambria College, Ohio, and afterward attended the Theological Seminary in New York City. He filled the pulpit for a short time, when he retired and took up his abode on a farm in Salem Count}', N.J. By his union with Miss Brin- ton there were born five children, namely: Emily, Josephine; Daniel, a practicing physician of Penn's Grove, N. J.; William T., of this sketch, and Vir- ginia C, the wife of William T. King, of Mt. Clair, the above state. The husband and father departed this life in April, 1892, aged eighty-one years. His good wife is still living. The original of this sketch received instruction under a private tutor until ready to enter Anda- lusia College, from which institution he was grad- uated with tlie Class of '69. Upon leaving he was just twenty years of age, and was given the charge of his father's estate in Salem County, N. .J., which comprises two hundred acres. His father being in ill health, young Garrison managed all his affairs and remained upon the farm for twelve years, after which he removed to Penn's Grove, that state, and at the end of three years we find him located in Columbia. Soon afterward, in company with a number of other gentlemen, he organized a wagon company, opening a factory at Penn's Grove. He was elected Treasurer of the company, and wiien resigning some time afterward, again located ia this city and established the Columbia Wagon Corn- pan}', of which he is President. The Columbia Wagon Company occupies two buildings, 48x100 feet in dimensions, besides num- erous smaller structures, and is operating with a capital stock of 1100,000. They are doing an ex- tensive business and manufacture each week about seventy-two wagons. As before stated, they have a branch factory in New York City, and the en- tire business is under the management of William PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 635 H. Piatt, the most successful wagou-buikler in the United States. The company employes thirty men in their New York branch and fift\' workmen in Columbia. Tliey manufacture the "Eclipse" steel wagon, besides the "Columbia" and manj' styles of business wagons. The Board of Directors in the company is composed of many prominent business men, namely: Andrew Garber, John C. Forrey. Z. F. Yargey, J. H. Herr, Mart Slrebig, II. H. Heise, Gotlieb Young, J. B. Hutchinson and W. T. Gar- rison. Mr. Garrison is also Treasurer of the Columbia Flint Company, and is one of the most prominent citizens in the community'. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and while living in New Jersey was the recipient of many minor offices of trust. He is a member of the Episcoijal Church, and in social affairs stands high in Masonic circles, belong- ing to Penn's Gi'ove Lodge No. 162. January 30, 1878, W. T. Garrison and Miss Jen- nie, daughter of James Kunuington, were united in marriage. Mrs. Garrison's father is a retired lumber merchant residing in Philadelphia. Our subject and his wife are the parents of a son, Paul Runnington, who was born June 20, 1892. (^ -^') ^ ''^^lli;:^^' -c- JOHN H. YOUNG, a native of the Keystone State, which has been his place of abode dur- ing his entire life, is engaged in the grocery business at the present time in Lancaster, having one of the largest trades in this line in the citj\ His store is located centrally at the corner of King and Water Streets, and the premises which he occupies are 20x50 feet in dimensions and two stories high. Mr. Young is a son of Joseph and Sarah (Deibler) Y'oung, well respected citizens and industrious and honorable people of Dauphin County. John H. was born December 22, 1860, in Lykens Valley, Dauphin County, and was given good educational privileges in the public schools near his home. Subsequently he attended the Lebanon Vallej' College, but left his studies at the age of eighteen years to engage in the mercantile business at Annville, Lebanon Count3'. For eight years he carried on an extensive trade in hard- ware and on the expiration of that time he came to Lancaster. In was in 1888 that John H. Young first cast in his lot with l-he inhabitants of that enterprising and industrious city. He entered the employ of J. F. Reist, giving to him his faithful services for the succeeding five years. Deciding then to em- bark in business on his own account, he purchased the stock of George Wyant and opened a well equipped grocery on King Street, which he has continued ever since. He receives a large trade and merits the same, for he keeps the best lines of staple and fancj' groceries and his goods are thoroughl3- reliable, being the best.obtainable. May 7. 1886, Mr. Young was married in Eliza- beth town, Lancaster County, to Miss Clara, daugh- ter of Heniy Breneman, a prominent citizen of that village, and to Mr. and Mrs. Young have been born a son and daughter, who are called re- spectively Edgar J. and AnnaE. The young couple are well received in the best social circles of Lan- caster, where they have made a host of friends. In his political relations Mr. Young is a Repub- lican and is a member of the Patriotic Order Sons of America, belonging to Camp No. 87 of Annville. He also belongs to Fulton Castle No. 410, Knights of the Golden Eagle, of this eit3'. The paternal grandfather of our subject was a miller by trade and followed that occupation dur- ing the greater part of his life in Cumberland County, but later became a resident of Dauphin County, where his death occurred when about sixty years of age. His son .Joseph was born in Cumberland County and learned his father's trade, which he followed for ""a number of years. Subse- quently he engaged in teaching school for a short period and then became a minister in the United Brethren Church, preaching for forty years. For a long time he was a resident of Annville, which is still his home. Politically, like his son, our sub- ject, he casts his vote in favor of the Republican partj' and is a true patriot in every respect. His 636 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. wife, formerly Sarah Deibler, died July 10, 1893, at the age of sixty-four years. Thej' were the parents of three daughters and one son: Mary, whose death occurred when she was thirty-five years of age; Sallie, who became the wife of Aaron Ho verier; Ella, wife of William Troxell, and John H. :£)#(^ HENRY H. LANDIS. With such efficiency has this gentleman conducted agricult- ural operations that he is now enabled to live in retirement from active business cares, pos- sessing an ample competence to provide the com- forts of life for his declining years. His advanced and progressive ideas regarding farm work have placed him among the principal agriculturists of Manheim Township, and his estate is one of the best in this part of the count3\ He has spent his entire life in Manheim Township, and was born here September 4, 1838, being the son of Henry and Esther (Binkley) Landis, formerly prominent residents of this section. The first representative of this family in Amer- ica emigrated from Switzerland about two hun- dred years ago, and made settlement in Pennsyl- vania. Benjamin Landis, our subject's great-grand- father, was born in Lampeter Township, Lancaster Countj', and there his entire life was spent upon his valuable farm, which included more than twelve hundred acres. He married a Miss Suavely, and they became the parents of six children, their sons being Henry, Benjamin and John. One of these, Grandfather Henry Landis, was born in Manheim Township, and became one of its most extensive farmers. He conducted a distillery and kept a team on the road between Lancaster and Phila- delphia, supplying the residents with the products of his distillery. Successful financially, he was very liberal with his children, giving to each of his sons a farm when tliey were ready to settled in life, and to his daughters $6,000 in cash. He was a devoted member of the Mennonite Church, and active in advancing the religious interests of the people. His death occurred in 1839, upon the old homestead. He and liis wife, whose maiden name was Anna Long, were the parents of ten children, viz.: Benjamin, Jolm, Henry, Isaac, Ja- cob, Nancy, Susan, Elizabeth, Barbara and Mary. Our subject's father, Henry Landis, was born April 15, 1797, and, like his ancestors, followed the life of a farmer for a number of years. From 1830 to 1840 he was engaged in shipping cattle to Philadelphia, an enterprise that proved highly satisfactory from a financial point of view. He was a member of the Mennonite Church, and num- bered as his friends the best residents of the com- munit}'. His first wife was Miss Annie, daughter of John Stauffer, and their union resulted in the birth of three children: Emanuel; Fannie, deceased; and Anna, wife of Levi Reist. His second wife, our subject's mother, was a daughter of Christian Bink- ley, who built the first stone bridge ever con- structed across the Conestoga, and the settlement near it is known as Binkley's Bridge. Near that place he erected a building formerly used as a I flouring mill, and now a paper mill, operated by water power. Mr. Landis died April 15, 1876, and his good wife followed him to the better land five j-ears later, passing away May 6, 1881. She was a devoted Christian woman, and an earnest member of the Mennonite Church. Reared on tlie home farm in Rapho Township, our subject gamed the rudiments of Ins educa- tion in the common schools and completed his studies in Freeburg Academy. Choosing the voca- tion of a farmer, he settled upon a good estate in this townsliip, and continued to till the soil until 1893, when he retired from farm work. For a number of years he siiipped cattle from Chicago to Philadelphia markets. His homestead is one of the best in the county, complete in all its ap- pointments and supplied with substantial and well ordered buildings. November 26, 1861, Mr. Landis married Miss Emma Caroline, the daughter of George Diller, a farmer and drover of Flast Earl Townsliip, this county. A family of four children is the result of their union, viz.: Anna Margaret, deceased; Henry K., Professor of Mining and Metallurgy in PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 637 tlie University of IMissouri, at Rolla, Mo.; George D., a. civil engineer; and Nettie JIa}', wiio is a student in Millersville Normal School. In poli- tics Mr. Landis is a Republican, on which ticket he has been elected to the School Board and va- rious public positions of trust. He stands high in Masonic circles, and is a member of Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M. mymf h w i ^^ f < H II «« ! ■. « HENRY F. HOSTETTER, a farmer of Man- helm Township residing in Oregon, was born on the old family homestead in this township, October 3, 1847, being a son of Simon and Marj' (Fiantz) Hostetter. The founder of the family in America was Jacob Hostetter, a na- tive of Germany, who emigrated to this country prior to the Revolutionary War. He was a farmer by occupation, and in religion a member of the Mennonite Church. His son Abraham, the great- great-grandfather of our subject, cultivated the farm in Manheim Township that is still in posses- sion of the family. The next in line of descent was Charles, who settled in Warwick Township, this county. He and his wife reared seven sons: John, Jacob, Daniel, Henry, Chusa, Israel, and one whose name is not known. Jacob, grandfather of our subject, cultivated the farm now owned by our subject, and was suc- cessful financially, accumulating considerable prop- erty. In religious faith he w'as identified with the River Brethren Church, and often filled the pulpit, being a well informed man and a fluent speaker. He and his wife, Barbara, were the par- ents of four children that attained years of ma- turity. He died about fifty years ago, at the age of sixtj'-nine. The father of our subject, Simon, was born on the Hostetter farm in .January, 1821, and has spent his entire -life in this localit}'. For twenty j'ears he followed the occupation of a miller, and owned the Hostetter mill at Oregon, but retired from active business cares in 1892. In polities he is a Republican. He has held the office of School Director, and is a man who stands well in the community, being esteemed for his aliility and in- tegrity. His wife, Mary, was a daughter of Sam- uel Frantz, a farmer of Rohrerstown. Of their three children, one died when young; Abraham F. is a lawjer of Lancaster; and Henry F. is the subject of this sketch. The last-named was reared on the home farm, receiving the advantages of a common-school edu- cation and a course at the Millersville State Nor- mal. Afterward he taught school for a time, and since then has engaged in agricultural pursuits on the old Hostetter farm. He is the owner of more than one hundred and sixty acres of well im- proved land, from the cultivation of which he re- ceives a good income. In political belief he is a Republican, stanch in his adherence to party princi- ples. He is interested in educational matters, and has served as School Director. October 4, 1881, Mr. Hostetter married Miss Clara L., daughter of Levi S. Reist, deceased, form- erly a prominent farmer and Justice of the Peace, and one of the originators of the Lancaster Coun- ty Agricultural Society. Two children were born of this union, one of whom died in infancj', and the other is named Anna Mary. Socially the fam- ily occupies a high place, and is one of the best known and most highly esteemed in the county. /^OL. DAVID BRAINERD CASE is one of ^ y the most prominent and worthy citizens of Marietta,and a distinguished member of the Lancaster County Bar. In both legal and military circles he has made an enviable record, and at all times acquitted himself with great credit. He comes of a long line of military ancestry. On the maternal side, one of his forefathers, Robert S(!0tt, fought for the "Covenant and Crown" at Both- well Brig, and was a member of the Lower House of the Scottish Parliament before it was merged in- 638 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. to the British Parliament in 1714. His great-grand- father, Robert Scott, was First Sergeant in Capt. John Arndt's Company. Colonel Baxter's Flying Battalion, and fought at the battles of Long Is- land and Ft. Washington. His great-great-grand- father, John Ralston, was a member of the Consti- tutional Convention of 1776, and a Major in the Continental Army. His grandfather, Major W. G. Scott, was commissioned Ensign in the Fifteenth United States Infantry, under command of Col. Z. M. Pike, at the outbreak of the War of 1812, and rose to the rank of Assistant Adjutant-Gen- eral. Colonel Case was born in Northumberland Coun- ty, Pa., May 15, 1853, his parents being William G. and Sarah Ralston (Scott) Case. The former was also a native of Northumberland County, and was a railroad builder and iron manufacturer. At one time he was President of the Reading & Columbia Railroad, and was one of the original constructors of the road. In partnership with General Dodge, of Ohio, he built tlie Columbus *^4"!"5-**+-!"5-**-5^;>^ WILLIAM C. EICHLER, of Lancaster, has during his active business life fol- lowed his trade as a baker, first with his father and later as his successor. His years of industrious and honest toil have brought him a good income and the respect of those who have had business or other dealings with him from time to time. He is a native of Lancaster County, having been born June 21, 1850, at Lititz, in the vicinity of which place several generations of his faijiil3' have been residents. Gotleib Eichler, the great-grandfather of our subject, emigrated to the LTnited States froui Ger- many, prior to the War of the Revolution and was one of the early settlers of this county. His son, Abram, the next is descent, lived near Lititz, at what is now Whitehall, where he owned a distill- er}', a grist and flour mill, and one of the best ho- tels to be found in the county at that day. He was a wealthy man for the times and owned seven stores in different parts of the count}'. A man of public spirit, he was charitable and generous, and was an officer in the Moravian Church. As a member of the militia he took part in drills and was on guai'd duty at times. He was twice mar- ried and had three children by his first union, with a INHss Becker, namely: Maria, Caroline E. and George S. His death occurred when he was in his fifty-third year. His son, George L., our subject's father, was born near Lititz and received his education in Beck's Academy. He was for five years a resident on the old homestead, but later removed to Lititz and finall}' to Lancaster. He was the originator of the Lititz or kiln dried pretzel, and had a very large demand for the article. He was politically a Dem- ocrat, and was a leader in the ranks of his partj'. At various times he held the offices of Sheriff, Pro- thonotar}', etc., and made an efficient and trusty public man. In the Masonic fraternity he held membership and passed through all the chairs of the lodge with which he was identified. Relig- iously he was a member of the Moravian Church and held the position of Trustee for many j'ears. His death occurred in 1880, when he was in his fift3'-fifth jear. He married Miss Mary Ann, daughter of Jacob Peterson, of Dutch descent. He too was a Moravian and possessed considerable means and real-estate interests. George and Mary Eichler became the parents of seven children, namely; Mary M., Mrs. Henry Martin, of Boston, Mass.; Henr}'; Abraham, deceased; William C, John, James and Robert F. William C. Eichler, the subject of this biography, received a good education in Beck's Academy, where he pursued the regular course of study. At the age of fourteen jears he commenced learning the baker's trade with his father, in whose employ he continued for several years. After his father retired from the business our subject became pro- prietor of the plant, and since that time has con- ducted the business alone. He is master of his trade, understanding everj' department of work, and has a large number of patrons. His income from his business has been assured for years and he is rapidly acquiring a competency. In politics 640 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. he is a strong Republican and fraternally belongs to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., of Lancaster, to Lodge No. 67, I. O. O. F., and is associated witli the Royal Arcanum. March 3, 1880, Mr. Eichler was united in mar- riage with Susan Rliienold, and two children have graced their union: Edwin, now deceased, and John. The parents are members of the Moravian Church, in which our subject is a Trustee and has served in other official positions. "■^ HH. IIEIvSE w.is one of the prime movers in getting the Columbia Wagon Company started, and is now a Director in that or- ganization. He solicited the citizens to subscribe the stock, and in every way used his influence and means to place the company in a flourishing posi- tion. It is now incorporated with a stock of 1^50,- 000, and will soon be numbered among the leading industries of Columbia. Solomon Ileise, a native of Switzerland, and one of the ancestors of our subject, located in Columbia in the early part of the eighteenth centurj^, became a clerk in a store, and after his marriage engaged in farming in Union County, Pa. Later he re- turned to this place, and passed his remaining years on the "Patience Heise Farm." He was a Whig, and, like his wife, was a Presbyterian. Among his two sons and four daughters was IIarr}% the father of our subject. He was born in Union County', Pa., in 1804, and became a farmer near this village, where he owned a place of two hundred and fifty acres. He was an old-line Whig, and socially was a member of the Odd Fellows' Society. For his first wife he married Fannie Furrey, whose mother lived to the age of one hun- dred and four years, and by this marriage were born three children. After her demise the father married Hannah Heidler, and to them were born sis children, of whom our subject is the eldest, and the others arc Mrs. Jona§ H, Nalt; B. F.; Mrs. J, H. Wilmot, of Washington, D. C; Mrs. J. P. Agney, and Anna Mary, who died when about eighteen years of age. The father of these children de- parted this life at the age of sistj' years, February 3, 1863, and his wife also died when about sixty years of age. H. H. Heise, of this sketch, was born January 30, 1840, in this city, where he received his ele- mentary education, and later was a student in the People's Business College at Reading, Pa. In the spring of 1867 he started for Europe, and passed six months in travel, visiting all the most inter- esting places from London to the Adri.atic. He crossed the Alps on foot, and was in Paris at the time of the Exposition of that j'ear. He then went to Germany, Bavaria, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, across the Adriatic Sea to Turkey, passing through Venice, Rome, Naples, Hungary, and re- turning by waj' of Frankfort and Heidelberg, to Scotland, England and Ireland. After a journey of sight seeing, such as few travelers are now am- bitious enough to undertake, he started home by an Atlantic steamer on the New York and Bremen Line, and on his way visited Saratoga and Niagara ' Falls before coming to Columbia. In 187.0 Mr. Heise embarked in the hardware business, in partnership with J. A. Kauffraan, which connection existed until 1883, when our subject bought out his partner's interest and continued alone until 1890, then selling out his interest. Since that time he has been engaged in the agricult- ural and farm implement trade, being the owner of his business headquarters at No. 230 Locust Street. In company with Dr. Mellinger he also owns No. 236, 238 and 240 Locust Street. Mr. Heise is one of the promoters of the new Savings and Loan Association, being Secretary of the same. The wagon company, which we have previously re- ferred to, will be capable of putting out as many as one hundred and fifty wagons per month when in running order. Politically Mr. Heise is a Republican, and in 1893 was elected Chief Burgess of Columbia, to serve for three years, this being his second term. He has made a very popular official, and is always to be found on the side of the people. . During the late war he served at Georgetown for three months, PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 641 in tlie Horse Stock Department, selecting horses for the arm}' service. In April, 1874, Mr. Ilc-ise married Miss Susie, daughter of Joiin S. Melliiiger, and liad two chil- dren, who iiave both passed away. By his present wife. Eva, daughter of Josepli Detwilor, he lias had one cliild, wiio is also deceased. Mrs. Heise's father is a well-to-do farmer of Mt. Joy, being the possessor of three well cultivated farms in that locality. Mr. Heise is a member of the Presbyte- rian Church of this city, to which his wife also be- longs. ' ^JBI P • WILLIAM MATl'ERN, holding a good position in the Columbia Iron Corn- pan}', is tiie sou of Charles H. and Elizabetii Mattern, and was born September 16, 1845, at Pine Grove, Schuylifill County, this slate. The grandfather of our subject, Charles Matlern, was born in Berks County, Pa., wiiere he afterward became an extensive dealer in real estate. He was a man of limited education but remarkable busi- ness ability, who knew how to turn every dollar to good account. He is now deceased, that event taking place in Kutztown. In politics he was an old line Whig and in religion a member of the Lutheran Church. The father of our subject was born in Berks County, January 27, 1801. He acquired a fair knowledge in the schools near his home, and when quite yDung began teaming, owning liis own out- fit. Later in life he engaged in the lumber busi- ness near Pottsville, Schuylkill County, in which en- terprise he was remarkably successful, and for many years prior to his decease lived retired in that coun- ty. In politics he was a Whig until the organization of the Republican party, after which he joined its ranks. He was very popular in his community and held many offices within the gift of his fellow- townsmen to bestow. The parental family included the following children: Mary E., Ephraim, Emma E., William, Jeremiah, John, Martha, Charles and Hiram. The husband and father died August 3, 1863, when in 29 the sixty-second year of his age. He was a mem- ber in good standing of the Reformed Church and was active in all societies of that denomination. His wife is still living. The original of this sketch attended school in Pottsville until reaching his fourteenth year, when he was obliged to begin work for himself. He first entered the employ of the Haywood Rolling Mills in the above place, where he remained for ten years. After this he traveled about, being variously employed until 1885, when he located in this city and w.as given a position with Denney & Co. as Assistant Superintendent of their plant. He remained with that company for the following two years, after which we find him working for the Columbia Iron Company. In his political relations our subject follows in the footsteps ot his honored father and votes for Republican candidates. He is at present serving as a member of the Council in the city, which office he has held since 1892. Religiously he wor- ships with the Methodist Episcopal denomination, of which he is an active member. He was mar- ried in October, 1868, to Miss Sarah J., daughter of Michael Freehafer, and to them have been born four children, Harry F., bookkeeper in the Read- ing Roller Mills; Willie and Florentine, deceased, and Frederick Leroy. Socially Mr. Mattern is a prominent Mason, meeting with Chandler Lodge No. 227. :£)^(^ 0HARLES E. NETSCHER, M. D., of Lan- caster, was born in Adams County, Pa., near the historic city of Gettysburg, Sep- tember 29, 1857. He is the son of Rev. Francis Netscher, a native of Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, who learned the trade of a cooper in youth and at the age of eighteen years came to America. Through the influence of a German gentleman, a member of the Reformed Church, he became a stu- dent in Marshall College, and was graduated from that institution, also from the theological seminary at Mercersburg. Ordained to the ministry of the Reformed Church, he served acceptably in that ca- 642 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. pacity in Adams iind Clarion Counties. His ca- reer was one of usefulness and honor to the min- isterial, profession, but was cut short by his un- timely death in 1859. December 18, 1856, Rev. Francis Netscher mar- ried Catherine E. McCune, a native of Mercers- burg, and daughter of Jacob McCune, who emi- grated from Ireland to America and settled in Mercersburg. This union resulted in the birth of two children, of whom only one is now living. The mother, after the death of her husband, re- turned to Mercersburg, and later married N. Z. Snyder, of South Bethlehem, where she now re- sides. Our subject accompanied his mother to Mercersburg and afterward to South Bethlehem. His studies were conducted in Lehigh University for a time, after which he taught school in Altoona, Northampton County. In 1876 he entered the freshman class of Franklin and Marshall College, from wliich he was graduated in 1880, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. After a short time devoted to teaching and to the study of medicine by himself, he entered the Jefferson Medical Col- lege of Philadelphia in the fall of 1881, and re- mained in that institution until his graduation in April, 1883, with the degree of Doctor of Medi- cine. "While pursuing his studies in the college he spent his vacations in Lancaster with Dr. M. L. Herr. While gaining a good knowledge of every department of the science he made a specialty of nose and throat diseases. In 1883 the Doctor began practice for himself, and in 1888 came to his present location at No. 46 North Prince Street. In addition to his regu- lar practice he devotes considerable attention to the treatment of diseases of the nose and throat. He owns a three-story brick building, with a front- age of twenty-six feet, which is one of the sub- stantial structures of the cit}-. He was united in marriage, November 29, 1887, with Miss Mary Sener, a native of Lancaster, and daughter of Frederick Sener, a cattle dealer of this place. They are the parents of three children, two daughters and a son. Socially Dr. Netscher belongs to Lamberton Lodge No. 476, F. & A. M., the Royal Arcanum and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. While in school he was President of the Phi Kappa Sigma. His political opinions are in accord with the principles of the Republican ])arty. In relig- ion he is identified with St. Paul's Reformed Church. He is a member of the City and County Medical Associations, the Lancaster City Patho- logical Society and the State Medicil Society. T7> UGENE G. SMITH, well known as one of 1^ C\ Lancaster's most successful attorneys, was born in Manheim, this county, January 24, 1853. His paternal grandfather, David Smith, was an extensive plantation and slave owner dur- ing ante-bellum days, but before the Rebellion began, he had come to a conscientious realization that slavery was not right. Acting upon this be- lief he freed his slaves and became a strong Abo- litionist, linking his fortune and services in the cause. In early life a Democrat, he afterward joined the Republican party and remained an ardent supporter of that political organization until death. Although he never aspired to political distinction, he was often requested to accept ofHces of trust and frequently served in public positions. He was intimately acquainted with Lincoln and Grant, whom with other statesmen he entertained on va- rious occasions. In religion he was identified with the Reformed Church, in which he held the most important ofBces. In support of the church he was liberal, as well as in other philanthropic projects. During the Rebellion he provided provisions and raiment for an entire division of the army for one month, paying for this out of his private funds. His death occurred in August, 1869, at the age of seventy-five. He and his wife, Ann M. Rohrer, had eleven children, but lost the most of them by death in childhood; three of the family still sur- vive. The father of our subject was born in Antietam, Washington County, Md., and in youth was a stu- dent in various academies and in Ball College, after- ward was graduated from Baltimore Medical Col- lege and became a successful practitioner of the PORTRArr AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 643 profession. In 1856 he became interested in Chi- cago real estate and at one time owned what is now part of Lincoln Park, but later dis|)ose(l of the larger part of this property and settled in Rohrers- town. This site he selected on account of the healtiifulnessof tlie climate, whicli he hoped would be beneficial to his failing health. lie recovered and was able to give his full attention to his large and remunerative practice. During the war he had charge of the Union hospital at Harper's Ferry. He was buried on the day the first Con- federate soldiers passed through Rohrerstown but, by special orders from the General in command, his widow and children were protected from mo- lestation. In politics he was a Republican, and in religion was a member of tlie Reformed Church. He married Elizabeth Barbara, a sister of Emanuel V. Gerhart, D. D., LL. D., of Franklin and Mar- shall College. They had two sons, our subject's brother being George Albert, who is engaged in the wliolesalc tobacco business in Philadelphia. In the public schools of Lancaster Eugene G. Smith received his elementary education. He took a special course in the high school preparatory to entering Franklin and Marshall College, in which his name was enrolled as a student September 1, 1869, at the age of sixteen. After several years of stud}' he was graduated in 187.3, and then took up the study of law under Edwin II. Yunt. Admitted to the Bar he continued with his former preceptor at Ko. 38 North Duke Street. In politics a Repub- lican, he is one of the leaders of the party in this city. In 1878 he was elected City Solicitor for one term. During his administration tiie question was agitated of requiring the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company to put danger gates at grade cross- ings. This had been attempted before, but all previous efforts had proved futile. He brought one hundred and seventj'-two suits against the company for running trains beyond the maximum rate of speed and won every suit. With movements of reform in the municipal control of the city, Mr. Smith has been identified. With a number of other gentlemen he conceived the idea of undertaking a movement of reform in the city and county. Their first step was present- ing the name of H. Clay Brubaker for judge, and the contest that followed is remembered as one of the closest in the histoiy of the city. He heads the faction which he and a few others precipitated, and has made a crusade against certain wrongs in the municipal and official control about the court- house. Boldly, fearlessly and aggressively he has fought the evils and abuses of justice which abound. Through the Morning News he has aroused the people to a knowledge of these abuses and has moulded public opinion so that the senti- ment of the majority is now in favor of the re- forms projected. Since twent3--ouc years of age Mr. Smith lias served as a Deacon in the Reformed Church. No- vember 2, 1882, he married Miss Margaret Jean, daughter of Col. William M. Wiley, and they are the parents of a daughter, Florence Wiley. In the organization of the Hamilton Club Mr. Smith aided, being a charter member and the first Secre- tary of the organization. He is also a member of the Young Slen's Republican Club of Lancaster and the Citizens' Republican Club. -. -AU^ '•»l£^ JtMJL "•Mtf-- ■- EORGE H. DANNER, a prominent busi- V^T ness man and influential citizen of Man. helm, is a native of this city, and was born September 10, 1834. His parents, Daniel and Eliz- abeth (Hartman) Danner, were also natives of Manheim, and lived to a good old age. The fa- ther departed this life April 18, 1881. The great- grandfather was one of the early pioneers of this state, and during those perilous times was cap- tured by the Indians. He succeeded in making his escape and returned to his home, where the town of Manheim now stands. At that time the country was all a wild, uncultivated tract of land, with but few inhabitants, and their small log cabins were miles apart. Adam Danner, the grandfather of our subject, was born here, and learned the trade of a weaver. He was first a weaver of linen, but afterward be- came a carpet weaver, in which vocation he made a good living for himself and family, and accu- mulated considerable property. The father, Dan- iel Danner, was a wheelwright by profession, mak- ing a specialty of the manufacture of spring wheels. He was a Whig first, and afterward became a Re- publican. He served as a member of the Council, and was Treasurer of the borough for a number of years. He was also a member of the first fire company of Manheim, of which he was Secretary. He took a deep interest in the schools of his vi- cinity, and was a strong advocate of the public school system, and was considered one of the best mathematicians of his day. He was one of the leading men who helped to secure the incorpora- tion of the town of Manheira. Being public-spir- ited, he was readj' to lend a helping hand and assist in every enterprise pertaining to the welfare of the community. For over forty years he was a consistent member of the Evangelical Church, and during most of that time he held the offices of Class-leader and Sunday-school Superintendent. His family consisted of five children, two of whom are living, George H. and Aaron H. Aaron H. Danner was born November 22, 1836, and received his education in the public schools of Manheim and Millersville State Normal School. He became a teacher in the public schools of his native place, and made teaching his profession for several years. Later he embarked in the mercan- tile business, and became one of the prosperous busi- ness men of Manheim. After fifteen years of pros- perity he retired from the store, but being ener- getic, he could not remain idle, and in a short time again engaged in business, and at the present time is a member of the firm of G. H. Danner & Co. He is a Director in the Keystone National Bank, and Manager of the Manheim & Lancaster Turnpike Company. He is also a member of the City Coun- cil, having served in that capacity for years. In politics he is a strong Republican. August 8, 1881, he was united in marriage with Miss Mary, a daughter of William Ensminger. They became the parents of eight children: George D.; Frank- lin and Esther M., who are still living; Edgar, James, William, Harry and Ella, deceased. George D. is a student in the Pennsylvania College, at Gettysburg. The subject of this sketch was educated in the PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 647 public schools of Maiilieim. After leaving school, he embarked in the mercantile business, and some years later formed a partnership with II. N. Kline, under the firm name of Kline, Danner A Co. Some time afterward the name was changed to Kline & Danner, later to G. H. Danner, and is now known as G. H. Danner cfe Co. They carry a stock of gen- eral merchandise, consisting of dry goods, groceries, queensware, boots and shoes, etc. The stock is worth about $30,000. In connection with other interests, Mr. Danner is connected with the water works of Manheim, of which he is Treasurer. He is also a Director in the Fairview Cemetery As- sociation. George H. Danner and Miss Serena G. Weidler, a native of West End Township, were married in 1867. She is a daughter of Jacob Weidler, a prominent agriculturist of that township, and a well known citizen of this county. Our subject is a stanch Republican in politics, and always votes for the candidates of that party. Being a man of good business ability and a public-spirited citizen, Mr. Danner is widely known and highly respected throughout the county. l>^^< (Q>— PROF. JOHN B. KEVINSKI enjoys the dis- tinction of being the oldest teacher of instrumental music in Lancaster, and is a performer on the violin, on which instrument he also gives instruction. In the science of miner- alogy he is deeply' interested and well informed, and is very fond of exploring places rarely' visited by man. He is President of the Tucquan Fishing Club, and while out fishing explored a tributary of the Susquehanna River, which is named in his honor. The Professor inherits his musical ability from his father, Vincent Kevinski, who was skilled in that art. lie was born in Warsaw, Poland, and in youth was a soldier in the Russian army. In 1833 he embarked on a vessel bound for the United States, and on his arrival in this country settled in York, York County, Pa. In 1837 he came to Lancaster, and here established the brass band, which soon gained a wide reputation for fine music. About 1842 he removed to Womels- dorf, Berks County, but in 1853 again came to Lancaster. He departed this life in March, 1879, at the advanced age of ninety-three years. As a talented musician he was widely and favorably known throughout Pennsylvania, and organized many bands of music, of which he was director. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Ann Maria Coleman, and was a native of Germany. She died in Lancaster in 1874, when in her seventy-ninth year. The only member of the famil3- who attained mature years was John B., who was born in York, Pa., September 9, 1835. From boyhood he received instruction in music from his father. Having inherited his love of the art, his progress was very rapid, and when only fifteen years of age he began giving lessons on the violin, and has been teaching in Lancaster since 1853. Since 1879 he has had charge of the vocal music in the public schools, and the fact that he has held that position for a period of fif- teen years proves better than mere words could do, his accomplishments as a musician and effi- ciency as an instructor. Socially Professor Kevinski is a Mason of high standing, and is Past Master of Lamberton Lodge No. 476. A Lutheran in religious belief, his mem- bership is in the Trinity Church. He has been a member of the Board of Trustees of the Children's Home of Lancaster since 1874, and in many other ways has been of great benefit to the community. As before stated, he is ofltiiating as President of the Tucquan Fishing Club, which is the oldest or- ganization of the kind here. He is also a member of the Philadelphia Botanical Club and the Linusean Society. In his home he has a cabinet containing many fine specimens of mineralogy and geology, and having given much time and attention to these studies, he takes great pleasure in adding rare specimens to his collection, which is one of the best in the locality. Dr. Porter, of La Fayette College, in Eastou, is an intimate friend of Professor Kevinski, and like him is an active member of the Philadelphia Bo- 648 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. tanical Society. In politics the Professor is a strong Republican, and is greatly interested in the success of his party. In 1874 he was elected to represent the First Ward in the City Council, and for one year held the position of President of that body. l-^+^i "^ DAVID M. EYER. The gentleman whose name introduces this sketch is intelli- gent and enterprising, and from boyhood has been interested in agiicultural pursuits. He has spent many years of his life tilling and culti- vating the soil, and is now in comfortable circum- stances, living retired near Rowenna. He was born on a farm in Lebanon County, near Ann- ville, September 7, 1830. His parents were John and Leah (Moyer) E3^er, who were also natives of Pennsylvania, the father having been born in Franklin County. He w.as a farmer and miller by occupation, and a Republican in politics. He died in Lancaster County, June 28, 1886. David M. Eyer was reared on his father's farm, assisting in the various duties of farm life, and attending the public schools of Lancaster, where he received a common-school education. Later he entered the Marietta Academy, and under the inr struction of Prof. J. P. Wickersham finished his education and began the actual duties of life. He chose the occupation of a farmer, and has made it a life-long stud3'. Naturally intelligent and ener- getic, he has been successful where others might have failed, and while in his prime, and only a little past the middle age of life, can enjoy the fruits of his labor and take the rest he so well deserves. At present Mr. Eyer is a Director and stock- holder in the First National Bank of Marietta, and a stockholder in the Rowenna Shoe Manufac- turing Company, the Columbia Roller Mills, the Maytown and Marietta Turnpike Company, the Cemetery Association and Creameiy. He has also served as School Director for a number of years, and filled various other local offices in his town- ship, attending faithfully to every duty, thereby gaining the respect of the entire communitj^ and a host of warm and true friends. Mr. Eyer has been twice married, the first time choosing for his bride Miss Mary, a daughter of Henry Musser, and to them were born eight chil- dren, three of wliom are living: John, Henry, and Alice, who is the wife of Amos Shank, of Conoy Township. Mrs. Mary Eyer departed this life June 4, 1876, aged forty-one years, leaving a large circle of friends to mourn her loss. May 30, 1878, our subject was again married, this time Miss Catherine Lenhart becoming his wife. Politically our subject is a stanch Prohibition- ist, and an ardent worker in tiie interests of that party. The temperance cause will always find in him a warm and true friend, ever ready to lend a helping hand to a fallen brother and assist in the warfare against saloons, and fight for God, home, and native land. He and his excellent wife are members of the River Brethren Church, and as such occupy a high social position, and are closely identified with all matters pertaining to the up- ward growth and advancement of their home lo- cality and the village, which numbers them among its enterprising and prosperous citizens. JOHN WESTERMAN. The active business interests of Columbia are well represented in •this gentleman, who is the proprietor of a fine meat market at Nos. 418 and 420 Cherry Street. He is a native of this county and was born October 26, 1854, in Fruitville, to Leopold and Anna (Wagner) Westerman. His grandfather, Mathias Westerman, was born in Germany, and all his life followed farm pursuits. He was a member of the Lutheran Church, and reared a family of nine children, of whom two came to America. The journey hither was made about 1850, at which time they located in Lancaster County. Leopold Westerman received a good education in the model schools of his native land, after which he learned the trade of a carpenter, which he fol- PORTRAIT AND BIOORAFHICAL RECORD. -649 lowed for a number of j'ears after coming to America. Later he began contracting and build- ing and met with good success in this brancli of business. lie made his home for a short time in Lancaster, after which we find him living in Lis- bon, Linn County, Iowa, where he died seven years later. He was a Democrat in politics and a de- voted member of the Lutheran Church. While in his native land he served for a number of years in the German Armj-, which is required of all 3-outlis. The parental family of our subject included four children, of whom he was the eldest. His brother next younger was named Henry, and is residing in Lancaster engaged as a butcher; Christopher is a lumber dealer in Shrewsburj', York County, and Mary, the only daughter, is the wife of John II. Ostertag, a furniture dealer of this city. The hus- band and father departed tliis life April 7, 1863, when only thirty-seven years of age. John Westerman attended school both in this state and while living in Iowa. When a lad of fourteen he entered the butcher shop of Milton Wike, of Columbia, with whom he learned the busi- ness and remained for a period of six years. The year before attaining his majority young Wester- man began in business for himself, establishing a meat market which he conducted at first on a small scale, remaining in one place for five and one-half years. He then moved to his present location and occupies a plant 60x200 feet in dimensions. In connection with his market he has a slaughter house, manufacturing room, smoke-house, numer- ous cattle pens, etc., and is carrjMng on a large and paying business. Mr. Westerman is interested in many of the lead- ing enterprises in operation in the city, among them being the Wilson Laundry and Machinery Company, of which he is one of the Directors, and the Columbia National Bank, in which he is one of the largest stockholders. He is also Director of St. Joseph's Building Association, and in other re- spects is honorabl}- discharging his obligations as a citizen. He affiliates with the Democratic party, and was elected on that ticket for two terms of three years each on the City Council, of which he was President for twelve months. He has repre- sented this city in political conventions for the past fifteen years and was a delegate at the convention which nominated Governor Pattison. He belongs to the Masonic order, and is Past Master of Col- umbia Lodge No. 286, Past High Priest of Chapter No. 224, and Past Eminent Commander of Cyrene Commandery No. 34. In religion he is a Lutheran. .September 19, 1873, Jolin Westerman and Miss Mar^- C. Metzgar were united in marriage, and the children who have come to bless their union are named respectively: Anna Mary, Cecelia Bird, Milton AV'yke and John. After a hotly contested fight our subject was appointed Postmaster of Columbia over F. P. D. Miller, one of the leading grocers of the city. (^ (5" :£) 'W:n =0 HENRY C. BOYD is one of the enterpris- ing merchants of Manheim, and one of her most liberal and enterprising citizens. His influence has been used in securing new indus- tries for the borough, and much of his time and means havt been freely tendered to this end. Since 1861 he has been prominent in the mercantile trade of the place, and since 1875 has been en- gaged in business alone. The well known store of Mr. Boyd is a general emporium for all kinds of dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, carpets, gro- ceries, etc. A large line of goods from which his customers may make their selections is constantly carried in stock. Year by year his trade has steadily increased, and not only the people of Manheim, but those living within a radius of a dozen miles are numbered among his steady cus- tomers. In the management of his business Mr. Boyd has displayed unusual ability and genius, and his success is due to his knowledge of the wants of his customers and wise control of his af- fairs. A native of Lancaster County, Henry C. Boyd was born in Mt. Hope, July 16, 1838, his par- ents being John and Catherine (Likens) Boyd. On the paternal side he is of Scotch-Irish descent. 650 PORTRAIT AKD BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD, His father, who was born in Scotland, came to this country- during the first quarter of the present century and located in Baltimore. He was first employed in a rolling mill, and subsequently be- came clerk and manager of a store near Readingi Pa. Still later he clerked in Brook's store at Birdsboro. For twelve years he was employed in Mt. Hope Furnace and became quite well-to-do in a financial sense. He was popular and highly respected by those who had business or other deal- ings with him, and bore an enviable reputation for veracity and honor. He was an old line whig, and in religion a Presbyterian, and was greatly interested in educational affairs. Of his ten chil- dren, all but one are living. Henry C. Boyd passed liis early years on a farm, where he remained until about seventeen years of age. His education was such as was afforded by the public schools, and on com))leting his studies he commenced his business life as a clerk for Arndt & Worley, merchants of Manheim, with whom he remained for three years. At the end of this time he bec^ame a member of the firm, un- der the title of Worley, Bombirger hn and Mary Geist were the following named children: Daniel S. and John S. (twins), born June 27, 1813, the latter dying De- cember 4, 1888; Jacob, born December 26, 1815, now a resident of New Holland; George, born February 26, 1818, whose Lome is in Dayton, Ohio; Samuel S., who was born June 24, 1820, and lives in Manheim Township; Henry and Mary (twins), born February 26, 1823, the latter, Mrs. Augustus Lightner, now living on the old homestead in Manheim Township; Barbara, who was born Jan- uary 30, 1826, and is the wife of William Fritz, a carpenter of Leacock Township; Abram, born May 12, 1829, a resident of Manheim Township, where he is engaged in the meat business; Isaac S. and Rebecca (twins), born March 5, 1832, the for- mer our subject, the latter unmarried and living in Lancaster; and Susan the youngest, who was born March 2, 1836, and is the wife of John Long, of Womelsdorf, Berks County, Pa. The subject of this sketch was educated in the schools of Manheim Township, Whitehall Academy PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 653 at Harrisburg, and the Jlillersville State Normal, graduiitiug from the scientifiu department of the latter institutioi. in 1861. Prior to this he taught a number of terms of school, being thus engaged in Illinois a short time. On his return east he took his scientific course and then taught one year, after which he was for four years professor of nat- ural sciences at Millersville State Normal School. On returning to Marietta, he became Principal of the higii school, which position he held until 1888. Altogether, he was employed for thirty-six years as Principal of schools. In 1886 he purchased the Marietta Times, which he has since edited and pub- lished. An active Republican, Mr. Gcist is one of the leaders of his party in this section. Since discon- tinuing as Principal he has served as Director of the Marietta schools. He is Director in the Marietta Manufacturing Compan}', President of the Mareitta it Lancaster Turnpike Conpany, and Director of the Home Building & Loan Associa- tion. Socially- he belongs to Ashara Lodge No. 398, F. & A. M., of which he has been Secretary for twenty years; Corinthian Chapter No. 224, and Cyrene Commandery, No. 34, K. T. In the Presbyterian Church of Marietta he is serving as Deacon. October 26, 1865, he married Miss Mar- garet, daughter for Fred Franck, of Marietta. i>^^

DWIN ERISMAN SNYDER, overseer at r Cy the Lancaster cotton mills, was born in this city, November 30, 1837; his father was Jacob Snyder, born February 4, 1811. Our subject's grandfather, Capt. Jacob, the son of Ciiristian Snyder, was born January 18, 1784. He was a wheelwright and woodworker by trade and had a shop on West King Street. He was a soldier in the of War 1812 and was captain of a company, belong- ing to the Second Regiment of the Second Brigade Pennsylvania Militia from September 2 to Decem- ber 15, 1814. He died April 15, 1844, at the age of seventy j'ears. He was an acceptable member of the Trinity Lutheran Church and had been an officer for man}' years. He was of German descent and an old settler at Lancaster. Our subject's father was captain of a militia coni- panj' and was alwa3's addressed as "Captain." He was a wheelwright by trade and occupied the same shop till his death, January 27, 1879. He was a Re- publican in politics and was an officer in the Luth- eran Church for many years, as is also his son, our subject. Our subject's mother's maiden name was Margaret Erisman, born October 9, 1814, at Lan- caster; she was the daughter of Daniel and Marga- ret Erisman, also natives of Lancaster. Her parents were farmers and lived adjoining the city until her death. The mother died February 22, 1885. Mr. and Mrs. Christian Sn3'der were the parents of the following children: Mary Catherine, who is mar- ried and lives in Daj'ton, Ohio; Daniel Christian and Albert Charles, who died in childhood; Edwin E., our subject; Anna Elizabeth, Mrs. W. M. Weth- erell, of Iowa; Emma Louisa, born September 28, 1841, now Mrs. M. M. Rice, of Maquoketa; .Jacob Kahler, born July 1, 1844, in the employ of the Peo- ple's Car Company, of Philadelphia; George Lewis and Charles Henry, who died young. Jacob K. was in the Civil War in Company F, First Pennsyl- vania Infantry, enlisting April 20, 1861. Septem- ber 15 of the same year he became a member of Company H, Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, as First Sergeant and was promoted from Sergeant to Sergeant-Major of his regiment. April 22, 1865, he was promoted to Lieutenant of Company C, and was mustered out July 12, 1865. At the battle of Chickamauga, he was wounded in the leg. The subject of this sketch was reared in Lancas- ter and had the advantages of a common-school ed- ucation, and carried newspapers when a small boy and afterwards clerked in a book-store, a few 3'ears after which he went into a printing office, where the Independent Whig and Inland Daily were published; after a year or two of such work, he went into the employment of the cotton mills now known as John Farnum Company No. 2, and he has held that position ever since, beginning at the bottom round when a boy. Since 1865, be has been over- seer of the carding department. He is a charter member of the American Mechanics' Building and Loan Association and has been a member of the Board of Trustees, President two terms and Vice- President. He is also one of the directors of the Union Building and Loan Association, his son John E. being the solicitor of the same. In Lititz Mr. Snyder was united in marriage July 24, 1860, to Miss Margaret C. McLane, born in Lebanon Count}', Pa., the daughter of Thomas McLane, who was born in Ireland. Our subject and his wife are the parents of four children: Thomas McLane, who died in infanc}'; John E., born April 13, 1863, a graduate of the high school, now an attorney in Lancaster, and serving in the 656 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD capacity of City Solicitor; Robert Stevens, who died in infancy; and Bertha, a graduate of Lancas- ter High School, as well as the Normal at Millers- ville, and now one of the teachers in the city schools. Our subject served as a member of the common council for many years, and has held many otli- cial positions in the municipal government of Lan- caster. He is a member of Monterey Lodge No. 242. 1. 0. O. F., and has passed all the chairs in that lodge; he also belongs to Ridgely Encampment No. 407, and Lancaster Lodge No. 68, K. of P., as well as Lancaster Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., Royal Arcanum No. 463, and Lancaster Assembly of Artisans No. 27. He belongs to Conestoga Mu- tual Benefit Association and was one of the orig- inal members and has been its Secretary for years. He was a member of the Humane Fire Company for many years and served as its Secretary for twelve years, until he moved away from the vicinity. In 1869 he was elected Vice-President of the company and has held the office ever since. In religious matters, he is identified with the Lutheran Church and has been in tiie vestry for the last fifteen years as Warden and Elder, and served as Secretary of the vestry for the last twelve 3'ears. Politically, he is an active Republican and has served on city and county committees. i>-^<^=^-5- WILLIAM H. CARR, M. D. Although young in years, this prominent resi- dent of Lancaster has by determined will and perseveiance risen to a high position among the practitioners in his community and is one of the largest and most successful oculists, aurists and rhino-larynologists in this portion of the state. Dr. Carr was born in St. Clair, Schuylkill County, this state, December 3, 1861, and is the son of Dr. Andrew P. Carr, born on the Bay of Bengal. The father of our subject was educated in Geneva, N. Y., and completed his medical studies in the University of New York Cit}'. He located for practice in St. Clair, this state, and during his resi- dence there was one of the most successful physi- cians in the place. He makes a spccialtj' of sur- gery, however, and has performed many difficult operations during his practice in the Philadelphia Hospital. Socially, Dr. Andrew P. Carr is a Knight Templar, and in religious affairs belongs to the Episcopal Church, of which he is Warden in St- Clair. The mother of our subject prior to her marriage was known as Mis§ Jane Dungan. She was born in Ireland. By her union with Dr. Carr she be- came the mother of three children, of whom our subject was the eldest. His brother, Charles D., is also a prominent physician, and a graduate of Jef- ferson Medical College in Philadelphia. George W. IS attending that institution and will complete his medical studies in 1895. The original of this sketch removed to the Quaker City when a lad of ten years and there completed his studies, graduating with the Class of '77. He then entered an academy in that city taught by Professor McGanigal, in order to pre- pare himself to continue bis studies in the Univer- sity of Pennsj'lvania. Two years later he entered that institution, spending four years in the medi- cal department, and was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1883. The first eighteen months after graduating Dr. CaiT attended to small-pox patients in Schuylkill County, and then returned to hospital work in Philadelphia. Later he took charge of theSchu3'l- kill County Hospital, which he superintended for two years, and during this time carried on his stud- ies of the eye and ear. Returning at the expira- tion of that time to Philadelphia, he entered the Polytechnic College and was graduated in 1887. He then entered the Pennsylvania Hospital in that city, as physician on diseases of the eye, ear and nose, and also diagnosed cases in this special branch in the German Hospital. Dr. Carr has a finel}' equipped office at No. 3 North Queen Street, while his beautiful residence is located at No. 165 East King Street. He has the finest refracting room in the state, in which there PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 657 is an uninterrupted light, and the suite devoted to ophthalmic work is painted black. The marriage of our subject occurred in Potts- ville, in .September, 1884, the lady on that occasion being Miss Maude Irene, daughter of AVilliam D. Rudy, a prominent merchant in that place. In social affairs the Doctor is a Mason of high stand- ing, belonging to Lodge No. 476. He is connected with the Lehigh Vallej' Medical and the Schuyl- kill County Medical .Societies, together with the State Medical AssotMalion, in all of which bodies he lakes an active part. Religiously he belongs to St. .lames' Kpiscoi)al Church. In politics the Doctor is an ardent 3'oung Republican, and is in- fluential in the political life of his community. AMUEL BARD, .Su., resides in Upper Lea- ^C-T^ ci>ck Township, where he has a fine farm of one hundred and fifty acres, ninety of which were formerly comprised in the old home- stead. His prominence among the citizens of the township is the result of his straightforward deal- ings with all, as well as the enterprise he displays in the management of his affairs. He is well known, for he has spent his entire life in this coun- ty and has ever maintained a deep interest in its progress. He is the son of George and Elizabeth (Swope) Bard, and was born on the old home farm in the western portion of this township October 15, 1816. The Bard family is of German origin, the great- grandfather of our subject having emigrated from the Fatherland many years ago and settled in Lan- caster Count3% where he took up a large tract of land in Upper Leacock Township, which still be- longs to various representatives of the family. His son, George Philip, was the grandfather of Samuel of this sketch and spent his entire life in farming on the old homestead. His son, Georgei was likewise born on that tract and when starting out for himself his father gave him two hundred acres, a portion of which descended to our sub- ject. This gentleman was a prominent member of 30 the Lutheran Church, in the faith of which he had been reared. In political belief he was a Whig I until the formation of the Republican party, since which time he has voted for its candidates. The mother of our subject was the daughter of Henry Swope, a farmer of this township, and by her union with George Bard she became the moth- er of eight sons and three daughters, all of whom are deceased with the exception of Adam, who is a lumber merchant of Reading, this state; Levi, a retired farmer of Cocalico Township, Lancaster County; our subject, and Elizabeth, wife of Henry Forney, a retired farmer of West Lampeter Town- ship. The father died in 1856, passing away at the age of eighty-three years. The original of this sketch was educated in the district school, and on the death of his father fell heir to ninety acres of land. This, together with the sixty acres which he afterward purchased, is devoted to general agriculture. In 1844 Samuel Bard was married to Miss Leah, daughter of George Stuck, a farmer of Earl Town- ship. To them was granted a family of seven children, of whom we make the following men- tion: Henry is engaged in the manufacture of spokes in Reading, this state; Laura is the wife of Abram B. Bausman; James is a hardware merchant in Reading; .Justus was the next in order of birth; Agnes is at home; Samuel is farming with his father, and Ida is at home. Mr. Bard affiliates with the Republican party and is one of its most ardent adherents. Energetic, honest, progressive and upnglit, our subject is one of that class of people who build up any section and make it to take a high place among the com- munities of the state. ^! w ' 3 i £ ^^ ffiP ^^-^i^C^ -SiC '3S£ 'St^ r~y EORGE ROHR, managing editor of the ^j"^ Freie Presse Publishing Company, was born in Manheim, Baden, Germany, Octo- ber 2, 1856. He is the son of John and Magdalena Rohr, who in 1866 crossed tlie ocean to America and settled in Lancaster. The death of his father 658 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. occurred in December of 1893; the mother is still living, and is a resident of Lancaster. Ilis educa- tion, commenced in the schools of Germany, the subject of this sketch carried on in the public schools and St. Joseph school of Lancaster, where he has spent much of his time since a lad of ten. At the age of sixteen he was ai)prenticed to learn the trade of a printer under Gottlieb Smith, and after gaining a thorough knowledge of the art preservative, went to Trenton, where he was employed on a German publication for three j'ears. Thence he proceeded to New York, where he spent two years in a printing office, and later was em- ployed for a similar period in Philadelphia. Returning to Lancaster in the year 1883, Mr. Rohr became an employe of the Freie Presse, and since the 1st of February, 1888, has been man- aging editor of the daily paper issued by this company. He is a gentleman of superior intelli- gence and ability, whose native talents and in- clinations have led him to adopt journalism as his profession, and the success he has met with proves that his selection was a wise one. In Trenton he was united in marriage with Miss Kate H. Braun, a native of that city, and they are the parents of four children now living. OC-t^-H"i-»-i"5--5"i-»»^»»»»4"»»-i"M"i-»:>C> JACOB H. HERSHEY is one of the worthy old settlers of East Hempfleld Township, and is now a resident of Rohrerstown . He was born in this township June 4, 1826, being a son of Andrew and Annie (Hartman) Hershey. In tracing his ancestral historj' we find that three brothers by the name of Hershey came from Swit- zerland over one hundred and fifty years ago, settling in this county. The one from whom Ja- cob H. is a lineal descendant took up a large tract of land near the city of Lancaster, and there his son Jacob was born aud reared. He owned sev- eral farms and lived in Manor Township. By his marriage with Barbara Herstand,of Donegal Town- ship he had the following children: John, Jacob, Henry, Benjamin, Andrew, Mary and Elizabeth. The sons all married and have families, but the two daughters died in earfy life. One son, Jacob, re- moved to Ohio, where he owned a farm of six hun- dred and eighty acres, the present site of Medina. The other members of the family remained in this county and intermarried with the best and most respected inhabitants. One peculiar thing about them is that with very few exceptions they have all been Whigs and Republicans. Andrew Hershey, our subject's father, was born in Manor Township, December 16, 1794. He was a thrifty farmer and was reasonably successful though he was in very poor health. He was a member of the Dunkard Church, and in that faith died March 23, 1837. February 8, 182.5, he mar- ried the daughter of Samuel Hartman, a farmer of Manor Township, and by their union were born two sons and two daughters: Jacob H., Benjamin, who died when about four years old; Barbara, wife of Rev. Jacob N. Metzger, an Evangelical minis- ter, and Annie, widow of David R. Bower of Mid- way, Ohio. The mother, who was born October 5, 1801, and was a member of the Dunkard (Ihurch, died June 23, 1862. Jacob H. Hershey received a public school edu- cation in the township where he was born, and early engaged in farming. He also operated a mill for some years, and in 1867 removed to a farm adjacent. Subsequently he was engaged in the Revenue service, receiving an appointment from the Government, and after the office was abol- islied was appointed Deputy-Collector, a position he held with few intermissions until the close of Garfield's administration. In 1882 he removed to the village, since which time he has been employed in selling fertilizers and making frequent journeys to Manor, East and West Hempfleld, Lancaster, Manheim and Norwich Townships, in which he has also the agency for Buchanan's wire fence. For twelve years Mr. Hershey served as a School Director, and is an active Republican. Religiously he is a member of the Church of God, in whicli he has been an Elder for over half a century. December 23, 1847, Mr. Hershey married Annie, daughter of Jacob Manning, who was a carpenter in Washington Township. Mr. and Mrs. Hershey had born to them the following children, David PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 659 and Annie, who have passed away; Andrew; Laura; Henry, Mary, S3'lvania, Jacob and Sarah, who are also deceased. Andrew has been foreman of the New Era printing office of Lancaster since it was organized fourteen j^ears ago, and Henrj' is a cashier for George N. Steinman Sz Co., hardware dealers of Lancaster. Mrs. llershey died Maj' 12, 1894, aged seventj'-two years. "S] l^-^P=- "T^ DWARD BOWMAN ILYUS, M. D., who is I O one of the able and leading medical prac- titioners of Lancaster, is a sou of A. C. Ilyus, whose biography appears elsewhere in this volume, and who is one of tlie honored old settlers of this county. Dr. Edward Ilyus was born in Neffsville, this county, October 14, 1860, and passed his boyhood days in that locality, attend- ing the public schools until fourteen years of age, when he entered Millersville Normal and pursued his studies there until the close of the junior j'ear. For a time he then devoted himself to teach- ing, having a school for two terms, and commeiic- ing as a pedagogue at the early age of sixteen years. The Doctor was only a youth of seventeen when he took up the study of medicine and had for his preceptor Dr. E. J. Bowman, a celebrated ph_ysician of Neffsville. In the fall of 1880 young Ilyus en- tered .Jefferson Medical College, where he took the allotted, course of study and was graduated March 30, 1882. Being a young man of much more than ordinary ability and possessed of a retentive mem- ory and keen perceptions, he stood at the head of the class, which numbered two hundred and forty-seven members in the Department of Anatomj-. Later he took a two years' extra course in operative sur- gery, receiving two diplomas therefor, and under the instruction of Dr. Slioemaker also made a spe- cial study of skin diseases. On commencing his professional career Dr. Il- yus came to Lancaster, in 1882, and at the end of a 3-ear went to Macon, Ga., there remaining for a similar length of time, but on account of the ex- treme heat during the summer season was obliged to return to the north. Accordingly he resumed his Lancaster practice in the fall of 1884, and has his office at No. 13 Walnut Street. While in Ma- con he was railway surgeon for the Eastern Ten- nessee, Virginia ife Georgia Railroad, and also for the Georgia Central Railway. He had a large sur- gery practice in the south and has been very suc- cessful in general practice as well. For three years he has been a health officer and is identified with the Lancaster City and County Medical So- cieties, and when the Pathological Association was founded became its Secretary, wliich position he held for two 3'ears. In January, 1884, Dr. Ilyus married Miss Rosa Burwell, the ceremony being performed in Phila- delphia. Mrs. Ilyus was born in Franklin County, Va., being a daughter of Arraistead L. Burwell, a tobacco manufacturer and a prominent Virginian. His father. General Burwell, had charge of a eom- panj' in the Revolutionary War. The founder of the family in America was Maj. Lewis Burwell, who left England in 1640 to make a settlement in Virginia. In the line of descent from him was Major Nathaniel and his son, Arraistead, who was President of the Council of Virginia. The son of the latter, Col. Lewis, married the daughter of Col. John and Mary Spottiswoode, the former of whom was archbishop of St. Andrews and a di- rect descendant of Governor Spottiswoode, of Vir- ginia. Her great-grandfather brought the Magna Charta, established the Order of the Golden Horse- shoe and located the first iron furnace to be put up in the United States in the Old Dominion. For his second wife Colonel Lewis Burwell married a cousin of ex-President William Henry Harrison, and their son John, the grandfather of Mrs. Ilyus, was born in 1776, and owned the beautiful plan- tation called Greenwood, situated in Franklin County, Va. Colonel Burwell equipped a regi- ment without receiving a cent from the Govern- ment and led them through the Revolutionary War. He was a very prominent man and was for fourteen years a member of the Virginia Legisla- ture. The father of Mrs. Ilyus owned the beauti- ful plantation in Franklin County known as Wayerly. For his wife he wedded Mary Elis 660 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Bowlin, of an old and honorable family, whose ancestors came to this country from the borders of England and Scotland at the time of King James. By intermarriage the family was connected with seven signers of the Declaration of Independence. The wife of the Doctor attended school near her home and at a ladies' seminary in New Orleans. She was given the best advantages to be had, as her parents were very wealthy. Her father died in 1884, and his widow is still living at the old homestead. Dr. and Mrs. Ilyus have had two children, Mar^' Burwell, who died at the .age of two years, and Edna Spottiswoode. Dr. Ilyus is a member of the Frist Presbyterian Church, of which he is a Trustee, and formerly was Sunday-school Superintendent. Socially he be- longs to the Knights of Malta, and has been Trus- tee in his lodge. He uses his right of franchise in favor of Republican nominees and principles, and is devoted to the welfare of the general public. 11^ ' of Lutherans about 1730. He settled in Earl Town- ship, Lancaster County, where he took up large tracts of land, the main part of which is still owned by his descendants. Of his family, Michael was our subject's great-grandfather, and he also carried on a farm near New Holland. His son, George, was the next in descent. He was born February 18, 1788, and died in 1834. He was a farmer, merchant and distiller. In 1800 he mar- ried Anna M. Ellmaker, and their eldest son was Amos S., our subject's father, who was born Feb- ruary 23, 1803, and died in .September, 1876. Amos S. Kinzer was educated partially at Lewis Boarding School in Chester County, this state. His first enterprise was as a hotel-keeper, and he built the house known as Blue Ball, at Blue Ball village. On the death of his father he returned to the homestead, and for a few years followed distilling as well as agriculture, but finally turned his attention exclusively to farming. In 1823 he went in company with Thomas Himes to St. Louis, Mo., on horseback, making an average of forty miles per day. St. Louis was then a French trad- ing post with little promise of the future in store for it. The young men went to work in a saw- mill, but young Kinzer was taken sick with malarial fever, and at once returned home by way of Louis- ville. He was an active member of the Lutheran Church, and an anti-Mason. In politics he was a Whig, and a prominent man in his locality. He was twice married. January 23, 1827, he wedded Maria Himes, daughter of Thomas and Catherine Himes, of Salisbury Township, by whom he had three children: Catherine, who married Samuel High, of Lancaster; George H., who was lost with all on board the steamer "Golden Gate," July 27, 1862, while coming from San Francisco; and Theodore, a lumber merchant of Lancaster. His second mar- riage was with Elizabeth Hurst, the ceremony be- ing celebrated September 15, 1836. To them were PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 663 born Anna M.. who married Albert Mcllvane, of Paradise Towusliip; Annie E., deceased; AVilliaru H. H., of tliis sketch; and Edwin A., who died in infancy. The father upon his demise was buried in the Xew Holland Lutheran Cemetery' by the side of many of his ancestors. He was a noble type of the German-American citizen, possessed of ••enerous and genial qualities. William H. H. Kinzer w.is born in East Earl Township, on hjs present farm, October 24. 1840 His education was obtained in the Coatesville Seminary, and subsequently he taught school for five terms. He then returned to the home farm, where he has remaiued ever since. The place com- prises one hundred and eighty acres, one-half of the original estate. This land was taken up bj' Hon. John W. Kitera, Congressman from this dis- trict, about 1750. July 9, 1863, our subject en- listed in Company K, Forty-seventh Pennsylvania Regiment, as a Sergeant, and was discliarged on the 14th of the following August. He is a member of the Lutheran Church, and is a stanch Republican. For three successive terms he has served as a School Director. May 12, 1868, Mr. Kinzer married Emma, daugh- ter of George Ruth, a farmer of Berks County, Pa. Their children are as follows: Amos S., Will- iam H., now attending the West Chester State Nor- mal; Bessie, who died in 1886, aged six years; Sallie B., who died in infancj-; and Marianna, now in her ninth year. Amos S., the eldest son, is now pursuing his studies in tiie Pennsylvania Univer- sit3', and will graduate in 1896 from the medical department. He formerly attended the West Ches- ter State Normal School, and after leaving there, taught successfully for two terms in the home dis- trict and in Elizabeth Township. -^ JAMP:S H. WARNER, an architect residing in the city of Lancaster, has many monu- ments to his skill as a designer of beautiful buildings, but a more lasting record should be made for him, hence the following biographical notice: He was born in London in 1860, the son of Col. William Warner, a native of Cambridge- shire; he was also a civil engineer and worked for the Government. He died in the service of his countr}- in the year 1865. lie was a young man at the lime of his death and was Colonel of an engineering corps. Our subject's mother was born in Kent. He was the only member of his family who came to America. He was grad- uated from the City College of London and from the School of Design of South Kensington in 1882, and came to America the same year. He spent one year in New York City, and then vis- ited Boston, Philadelphia and Chicago, remaining' in the latter city three years. From tliere he went to Canada, and soon afterward returned to Buffalo, N. Y., and from that city to Harrisburg, practicing his profession. He had as partner a Mr. Smith, an architect at Reading and Harrisburg. In 1888 he removed to Lancaster and opened an office in the Eshleman Building, and has designed many buildings since his coming to Lancaster, includ- ing magnificent school buildings and fine resi- dences. Mr. Warner is an honored member of the Ma- sonic fraternity, belonging to Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M., and is a Royal Arch Mason. Politically he is a Republican. =t5*£i JOHN CHAMBERS. Years after a stone alone remains to tell the story of their lives, the memories of the war heroes will be cherished by the generations who follow them, and upon whose lives their valor has left a lasting impress. Lancaster County was well represented among the soldiers who defended the Stars and Stripes, and one of the number who did valiant service for the cause of the Union was Mr. Cham- bers, one of Lancaster's successful business men and honored citizens. A native of the city where he now makes his home, the subject of this sketch was born August 20, 1841, the son of James and Anna Eliza (Dow- art) Chambers. The family was established in 664 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. Pennsylvania many years ago. Our subject's father was born in Lancaster in 1814, and in early life fol- lowed the trade of a comb maker, but later filled tbe position of division boss on the Pennsylvania Railroad for thirty-six years. He died of cholera during the epidemic of that disease in Lancaster in 1866, being tlien forty-eiglit years of age. His wife survived until 1889, when she died, at the age of seventy years. In politics a Democrat, he was prominent in his party, and upon its ticket was elected to a number of local offices. He served as Superintendent of the City Water Works one term. He was a man held in iiigli regard by his associ- ates and was a devoted Christian, belonging to the Reformed Church. Socially he was a- member of Lancaster Lodge No. 67, L O. O. P., and Washing- ton Encampment. In the family of James and Ann Eliza Cham- bers there were eiglit children, as follows: John; Andrew, who since 1863 lias been an engineer on the Pennsylvania Railroad, and is a resident of Philadelphia; Henry, who died at the age of one and one-half years; Charles, collector for the Penn- sylvania Railroad; Margaret, who died at the age of two years; Maria, James and Harry. In the public and high schools of Lancaster our subject received a fair education. At the age of fifteen he left school and began to learn the printer's trade, but after one year's apprenticeship he se- cured a position as an employe in a comb factory. For a time he was with tbe Adams Express Com- pany, and afterward learned the trade of coach building with Cox, Decker & Co., remaining with them four years. At the first call for troops at the outbreak of the Rebellion, John Chambers enlisted with the old Fencible Military Band for three months' service in Company F, First Pennsylvania Infantry. Af- terwards he enlisted for three years as a member of the Seventy-ninth Pennsylvania Infantry, and took part with his regiment in the battles of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Chattanooga and Bentonville, as well as man}^ minor engagements. For two years he was with the Seventy-ninth, and after a total period of service of two years and four months was mustered out at Harrisburg, Pa. On his return home Mr. Chambers resumed work at his trade. Some time later he entered into part- nership as a member of the firm of McGinnis, Chambers & Co., at Carlisle, Pa., where he remained one year. Returning to Lancaster, he worked for six years in the employ of Stigerwalt & Doerson, after which he was for three years a member of the firm of Edgerly & Co. He was then foreman in the paint shop of Norbeck & Miley, holding that position twelve years. In 1889 he stai'ted in busi- ness with L. C. Palmer, under the firm title of Chambers & Palmer, which is well known as one of the most reliable firms of the county. They occupy a two-story building at Nos. 616 to 620 East King Street, Lancaster, where they have a factory, 60x30 feetin dimensions, with an addition 20x30. As many as ejghteen men are at times em- ployed, and the products of the factory are of uni- form grade and superior quality. In social matters Mr. Chambers belongs to Lan- caster Lodge No. 67, L O. O. F., and Washington Encampment. He also affiliates with the Knights of the Mystic Chain, holding membership with Stevens' Castle Lodge No. 4. Politically he is a Democrat. In religious belief he advocates the doctrines of the Reformed Church. In 1864 he was united in marriage with Miss Cecelia Ilagg, and they are the parents of seven children, namely: Emma; James, who is foreman in the wagon shops at Reading; Charles, who lives in Jersey Cit}'; William, who died in 1890; Daisy, John and Ann Eliza. i^TT LLEN W. MENTZER, engaged in the man- / \ ufacture of cigars at Ephrata, is a native of this countj', having been born in West Cocalico Township, January 2.5, 1836. He is the son of John and Catherine (Weidman) Mentzer, also nativesof this section, where they were highly respected. Catherine Mentzer was a daughter of Jacob Weidman, whose father's name was also .Jacob, and who came from Wurtemberg, Germany. Frederick Mentzer, the grandfather of our sub- ject, was likewise a native of this county, where his father, who bore the name of Conrad, lived on PORTRAIT AND BTOGRAPHICAL RECORD, 665 a farm, and was a man possessed of considerable means. Frederick Mentzer married Miss Elizabeth Schneider, and to them were born a son and daufjhter, the latter being named Susanna. Tiie father of our subject was also a farmer and dealt quite extensively in stock. He was born March 27, 1796, and spent his entire life on the old homestead in West Cocalico Township. In politics he was a Republican after the formation of the party. He was an Klder in the Lutheran Churcli, with wiiich bodj he had been connected for man\' years. The four sons and two daughters compris- ing the parental family were: Levi; Israel, wlio died April 26, 1883, aged fifty-six years; Joiin; Allen W.; Catherine, who died December 29,1891, aged sixty-eight; and Elizabetli, who died in Ak- ron, Oliio. The father died September 29, 1868, aged seventy-three yeai-s, and his good wife, who was born May 9, 1794, departed this life Marcli 1, 1868, in her seventy-fourth year. Tlie original of this skelcli attended the schools of his native township until he was fifteen years oil!, then took a short course at the Howard Acad- emy, Chester County; afterward he took a course of instruction from Professor Montgomer}', of Millersvillc, Pa., then taught school for two terms under Superintendent Wici\crshara. At the expira- tion of that time, at the age of nineteen, we find liim located at Indiantown, this county, where he opened up a mercantile establishment, and after conducting a good trade for eight }-ears purch.ased the stock and property of E. C. Kealing, of .Schoe- neck, continuing the two stores, and conducting the business successfully for four years, at the end of which time he sold out to Elias Stober, of Lin- coln. He tlien moved to Millbach, Lebanon Coun- ty, and purchased the farm of his father-in-law, Isaac Gibbel, and farmed for three years. He then rented tiie farm and purchased the interest of Isaac Bucher, of the firm of Bucher & Co., mer- chants of Schaefferstown, Pa., and moved to that point and conducted business under the firm name of Bucher it Mentzer for seven years. He then purchased the interest of Rev. Christian C. Bucher. his partner, and moved the stock of goods to Ephrata in April, 1878, where he i)urchased six acres of land, and erected thereon his large cigar factory. It is built of brick, is 40x80 feet in dimen- sions, three stories in height and is fitted with all the improved appliances for carrying on his busi- ness in the most profitable and speedy manner. Mr. Mentzer gives employment to one hundred men in his factory and is at the head of the larg- est establishment of the kind in this section. One acre was devoted to an extensive coal yard and resi- dence, the former being operated by the son of our subject, Milton. The remainder of the six acres was laid out in town lots and disposed of, and is all built up with residences and occupies three squares. lie possesses much valuable property in the city and is regarded by its inhabitants as one of its most progressive and successful business men. Mr. Mentzer owns a farm of ninety-five acres in Mid- dle Creek, this township, besides having a one- third interest in a tract of sixty acres adjoining the borough of Ephrata, fifteen of which have been laid out in city lots and sold. He is also interested in the Ephrata Flour Mills and in various ways has aided very m.aterially in upbuilding the place and contributes liberally of his means to the sup- port of every worthy enterprise. In [;olitical relations our subject is a stanch Re- publican and on that ticket was elected a member of the Town Council. In i-eligious affairs he is a devoted member of the German Baptist Church, w^ith which he has been connected for many years. Mr. Mentzer was married November 5, 1857, to Miss Fianna Gibbel, and to tiiem have been granted the following named children: Sallie A., John F., Hiram G., Milton G., Ida G. and Isaac G. For thirty-eight years Mr. Mentzer has been in the mercantile business, sixteen of which have been passed in this city. He first commenced business here in 1878 in the building formerly owned and operated by John Gross and purchased the same together with the six acres of land in 1882, and erected the mammoth store building on the corner of Main and State Streets, now occupied by A. W. Mentzer & Sons in 1888. They carry a large and extensive stock of general merchandise, the first and second floors being occupied by the stock, while the third floor is used as a public hall. The store building is of the latest design, is heated throughout with steam and has all the modern 666 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. improvements, and is one of the most extensive stores in the county. The firm operating this en- terprise is composed of A. W. Mentzer, Dr. John F. and llirani G., under the st^'Ie of A. W. Ment- zer & Sons. ^^^ F KEDERICK K. HEISE. In noting the ca- reers of the men to whom the county is indebted for its progress and its high standing among the galaxy of counties of the Keystone State, mention properly belongs to the gentleman above-named, who is a successful and energetic business man of Mountville. His entire life has been passed within Fennsj'lvania, and he was born in Clearfield Count}- on the 23d of April, 1838, being a member of the family of George W. and Mary (Jury) Heise. Tiie father of our subject was born in Union Countv, Pa., in 1810, and in youth received excel- lent educational advantages considering the times. He availed himself of every opportunity for gain- ing information and was well posted upon every topic of current interest. For a time he clerked in a store, but his principal occupation throughout life was that of an agriculturist. He was thus oc- cupied in West Hempfield Township, Lancaster County, whence he removed to Macon Countj% 111., and there his death occurred in May, 1882, aged seventy-two years. He was a man whose up- right character and genial disposition won for him the friendship and respect of his associates, and was an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In politics he affiliated with the Repub- lican party, and sociallj^ belonged to the Masonic fraternity. Twice married, George W. Heise had two chil- dren, Henry C. and Patience, by his first union. After tlie death of his first wife he was united with Miss Mary Jury, and they became the parents of the following named children: Elizabeth, Fred- erick K., Josephine B., Mary Jane, Amelia B., Es- ther, Anna, Mary, Samuel B. and George, the latter a resident of Nebraska. Samuel B. died at an early age. The subject of this article spent the first fourteen years of his life in Clearfield County, whence he removed with his father to West Hemp- field Township, Lancaster County. He remained with his father until thirty-five years of age, when he embarked in the meat business and has since been thus engaged in Mountville, this county. Taking an active interest in pviblic affairs, Mr. Heise deposits his ballot in support of the princi- ples and candidates of tlie Republican party. So- cially he is identified with the Masonic fraternitj' and the Order of Red Men. His marriage, Decem- ber 3, 1865. united him with Miss Elizabeth B., daughter of Rudolph Herr. Four children have been born to bless their union, named as follows: Anna Marj', wife of John C. Amway, who resides in Mountville; Grant R., whose home is in Topeka, Kan.; Ella B., who is with her parents; and Amy, deceased. The family is held in high esteem by the citizens of Mountville, and are welcomed guests in the best society of the place. HS. SHIRK is well known in Lancaster as a member of the firm of H. S. Shirk & Son, proprietors of a cotton mill on Pine Street, which affords employment to about one hundred hands, and is one of the thriving idus- tries of this place. Mr. Shirk is also engaged in a wholesale and retail trade in cigars, and has money invested in various concerns. The Shirk family originated in Germany, and oursubject's grandfather was a farmernear Church- town, Lancaster County. He served for one term as County Commissioner and was a Federalist. He died in 1844, aged eighty 3-ears. His family com- prised five sons and two daughters, namely: Ame- lia, Maggie, Henry, William, David, Mathias and Jacob. The latter, the father of H. S. Shirk, was born in Chuichtown, and learned the tanner's trade. For a number of ye.ars he operated a tan- nery at Hahnstown, in this county, and later re- moved to Earl Township. Going back to Church- town, he lived retired from business for a number PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORDi 667 of years, afterwards engaged in farming near Beartown. He was for a time a resident of Mt. Jo^', and passed his last years in this city, dying at the home of his son. He was a Wliig and Republican, and religiously was, lilse his father, a member of the Reformed Church. For his wife he chose Miss Hannah Waddell, and they had eigiit children. The father died when in bis eight^'-fifth year, but his wife's death occurred many years ago, when she was sixty-five years of age. Their chil- dren were as follows: H. 8.; Sarah, wife of Isaac Shirk, of this city; Martha E. (Mrs. Stirk), who lives in Iowa; Peuina A. (Mi-s. Robinson); Mary, wife of Abram Gulp, of Ml. Joy; George W., who died in childhood; another also deceased, and William A., of Princeton, .Stark County, Iowa. The birth of our subject occurred on the 20th of February, 1826, in New Holland, this county. He received a district school education and attended those of Churchtown until fifteen jears of age. The next two j-ears he clerked for merchants in various places, and then went into business with a Mr. JNIasteison at Mt. Jo}'. He continued there for eight years and then wenttoMillersville, where for a number of j'ears he carried on the cigar business. Mr. Shirk came to Lancaster, and in company with his brother-in-law, J. G. Peters, bought the Conestoga cotton mill No. 4, which the^' operated for a 3-ear. They then erected what is now known as Stevens' Cotton Mill, in the year 1879, and continued to run the same for the next five years. Mr. Shirk then bought out his partner's interest and look into the firm his two sons, Jacob and Abram. The mill has a capacity of thirty-five hundred pounds of goods per day; eight thousand spindles are kept running, and about one hundred persons are employed. The factor}- has a frontage of two hundred and fifty feet on Pine Street and extends back fifty feet in depth. The building is a substantial one of brick, and has an annex, stables and warehouse. On first coming to Lancaster, Mr. Shirk engaged in manufacturing and selling carpets ou West King and Water Streets, and was succeeded in that business by the well known merchant, J. B. Martin. The wife of Mr. Shirk was, before her marriage, Miss Marj' A., daughter of Abram Peters. They have had two sons and three daughters, as follows: Laura, Mrs. John Martin; Alice, wife of Samuel Bausman; Anna, who died when young, and Abram and Jacob, twins, who are partners with their father. Religiousl}' Mr. Shirk holds membership with the First Reformed Church of Lancaster, in which he has served as Elder for twelve years. He is a Republican and a member of the Masonic frater- nity, being identified with Lancaster Lodge. No. 43, F. & A. M. r EROY K. LESLIE, M. D. The subject of I Cy the following sketch is one of the leading physicians and .'surgeons of Bareville. He was born in Mudd}' Creek, Lancaster County, July 2, 1861, to John and Susan (Killian) Leslie. The Leslies are of German origin, the great-great- grandfather of our subject having emigrated from that country to America many years ago and made location in this county. Samuel Leslie, the grandfather of Leroy K., was also a native of Muddy Creek, where he was a blacksmith. He was a member of the Evangelical Church and voted the Democratic ticket. By his marriage he became the father of live children: John, Solomon, Rebecca, Elizabeth and Lydia. The father of these children lived to be eighty-two years of age and died Christmas Day, 1889. John Leslie, the father of our subject, was a na- tive of the same place as was Leroy K., and, like his father before him, followed the trade of a black- smith, doing an extensive business in his native place. In 1859 he was married to Miss Susan, daughter of Rudolph Killian, a resident of Terry Hill. Their union resulted in the birth of two sons, our subject and Henry, the latter of whom is a hardware clerk in GoodviUe. The husband and father departed this life in 1865, and ten years thereafter his widow married John Remminger, a manufacturer of cigars, residing at Terry Hill. Leroy K. Leslie, of this sketch, received his pri- mary education in the common schools, after which 668 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. he attended the Millersville State Normal. Desir- ous of becoming a pliysician, he began reading medicine with Dr. Richard Sweitzer, of Adams- town, and the following year entered the Jeffer- son Medical College of Philadelphia, from which he was graduated two years later. In .June, 1889, he came to Bareville, where he has a very large number of enthusiastic admirers, who not only de- pend upon his skill .as a physician, but also cherish him as a close and dear friend. Dr. Leslie is a member of the Lancaster County Medical Societj', and also is connected with the State Medical Society. He is an Odd Fellow of high standing, holding membership with Terry Hill Lodge No. 254, and Washington Encampment No. 274, at the same place. He belongs to the Pa- triotic Order Sons of America, of which order he is President. In politics the Doctor is an ardent admirer of Republican principles and seeks to sup- port the candidates of that party at every election. Dr. L. K. Leslie and Miss Ida, daughter of Ben- jamin Landis, were united in marriage November 13, 1890. Mrs. Leslie comes of an old and promi- nent family in the county, and her father is now conducting a farm near Bareville. Both the Doc- tor and his wife are well known people of this community, where they have many friends. The former is esteem.ed highlj- for his sterling worth, and among his professional brethren ranks high. HON. ROBERT CLARK, formerly Mayor of Lancaster, and at present filling the re- sponsible position of Assistant Coiner of the United States Mint at Philadelphia, is a truly Self-made man, for he h.as worked his way upward to influence and wealth by his own unassisted and industrious efforts. The birth of Robert Clark oc- curred in Drumore Township, this county, Decem- ber 15, 1852, his father being Edward Clark, a na- tive of County Donegal, Ireland. The latter emigrated to this country when a young man, and during his entire active career was engaged in farming in Drumore Township, but is now living retired. His wife, now deceased, was in maiden- hood Anna Stewart, and was born in the same county in Ireland as her husband, coming from an old Scotch family'. The parents were members of the Scotch Presbyterian Church. In the parental famil}' of five children, our sub- ject is the eldest, and until about fifteen j'ears of age his time was passed on his father's farm, his education being obtained in the district schools and the local academy. In 1867 he came to this city, serving an apprenticeship as a printer in the Intelligencer ofi3ce, where he continued for four years. Thereafter for a time he engaged in clerk- ing, and when he was elected M.ayor Mr. Clark be- came business manager of the concern, serving as such for two years. When W. N. Henchel retired from the firm, Mr. Clark became a partner under the name of Ryley & Clark. Later the firm was known as Sherman, Foley ife Clark, and they continued successfullj' until our subject was elected Mayor, when he sold out his interest in the paper. In the spring of 1890 he was nominated as Mayor on the Demo- cratic ticket, and was elected over Captain Denues, the Republican nominee, by a majoritj'. of two hundred and thirty votes. In April of that year he took his post, and two years later was renom- inated, being elected by a majority of sixteen hun- dred and fifty-four votes over the Republican leader, Henry Carpenter. His election was unan- imous every time, and during his term many im- provements were effected, among others the Elec- tric Street Railway system and the Police Patrol, something unusual for a place of this size. The new water works were completed, with a capacity of fifteen million gallons, and fine machinery and pumps added. The fire department was improved and increased, and the condition of streets and al- leys materially benefited. Mr. Clark was ex-offlcio Chairman of the Water Committee, and Chairman of the Buchanan, McElvoy, Reynold Relief Com- pany, for the distribution of coal to the needy, over six hundred families having been supplied. In Lancaster Mr. Clark married Miss Sallie Fitz- patrick, a native of this city, who died, leaving one child, Philip Edwards. She was a member of PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 669 St. Mary's Catholic Cburch, and daughter of the late Philip Fitzpatrick, an early settler and hotel man of this place. Fraternalh' our subject is a member of Lodge No. 43, F. ct A. M., of Chapter No. 43, R. A. M., the Council of Lancaster and the Commandery No. 13, K. T. He belongs to Lodge of Perfection Fourteeth Degree Scottish Rite, and is a Mystic Shriner, belonging to Lee Lee Temple. He is also connected with the Independent Order of Odd Fel- lows, and is atHliated with Can-as-sa-te-go Tribe of Red Men. For three terms he olliciated as Notary Public, and has been in many ways, both public and private other than those mentioned, connected with the active progress of this city. ^ /^~Y USTAVUS GROEZINGKR has been long V T accounted one of the successful and ag- gressive business men of Lancaster. He is Director in the Citizens' Electric Light, Heat & Power Company, in the Lancaster Chemical Com- pany and holds stock in several of the leading banks and large financial concerns of the city and coun- t}'. In a great many ways he has shown his sub- stantial interest in the welfare and development of this region, having forwarded many enterprises both by his means and influence. Having acquired sufflc'ieut means to enable him and his family- to pass life pleasantly and happily, surrounded with com- forts and many luxuries, he has now retired from business cares, though still looking after his vari- ous investments. Our subject, as might be surmised from his name, is of German descent, and a scion of one of those families who settled in this portion of Pennsylva- nia in its early history and contributed so largel}' to its present prosperity. John Groezinger, the father of Gustavus, was born in Wurtemberg, Ger- many, and was a tanner by trade. His death oc- curred in 1841, and his wife, who was formerly Barbara Vogelweyd, also of Germany, died in 1841. They were members of the Lutheran de- nomination, and reared their nine children to be good and useful men and women. Gustavus Groez- inger was born in Wurtemberg, May 29, 1835, be- ing the youngest of the family, only six of whom are now living. Our subject was early deprived of his parents' care, as death claimed them, but he managed to secure a good common school educa- tion, and when fourteen years old was apprenticed as a wool weaver. A brother of our subject, Fred, was the first of the family who came to America; was a carpet weaver and located in Philadelphia. Next came Robert, who was for four years in the regular army, and was a surveyor. His death occurred at Col- umbia in 1867. Our subject, in company with his brother Adolphus, who is now retired from busi- ness and a resident of Lancaster, left Antwerp March 3, 1854, on the sailing-vessel "Helicon," and at the end of fifty-three days' voyage, landed in New York City. Another brother, Charles, who came across the Atlantic still later, is now in San Francisco, one of her influential citizens and Vice- President of a gold mine. Soon after his arrival in the United States Mr. Groezinger, of this sketch, came to Lancaster, 1 where for six weeks he worked in the cotton mills. He then undertook to learn the saddler's trade with Mr. Metzger, and afterward worked at the tanner's trade in Baltimore for two years; subse- quentlj' he worked in Adams and York Counties, then returning to Lancaster, and here accepted the position as foreman in the tannery owned by Mrs. Telly. Later he bought a one-half interest in this concern, and in 1869 became the owner of the old tannery site then in the possession of Reuben Dadler, and continued the business, which had been started in 1850 by James Hollinger. This place our subject remodeled, but in 1835 the building was burned, and the proprietor rebuilt it as it now stands, some 130x134 feet in dimensions. Steam power was used and three hundred hides could be tanned each week. The leather products were shipped to New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, and the business constantl}- grew in proportion, twenty-five men being often employed. In 1891 our subject retired from the business, selling out 670 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. to his three sons, John, Carl and Robert, who ai-e now carrying on the trade. The Lancaster Electric Light, Heat & Power Company, of which our subject is a Director, and of which he was one of the founders, is one of tlie finest systems in the United States, and he lent his assistance in tlie supervision of tlie erection of the same. He is also one of the organizers and stock- holders in the Lancaster Chemical Company, and in the Mt. Lewis Mining and Milling Company, the headquarters of which are in this city, while the mines are in LaPIatle Count3-, Colo. This gentle- man is a stockholder in the People's Bank and in the People's Trust, Savings & Deposit Company, and in various other enterprises. Socially he is a M.ason, being one of the Trustees and members of Lodge No. 43, F. & A. M.; of Chapter No. 43, R. A. M.; Council No. 19, Commandery No. 13, K. T.; Lodge of Perfection and is a Knight of Pythias. In politics he votes with the Democratic party. In 1861 Mr. Groezinger married Miss Catlierine Long, who was born in tliis city, and they have six children: John, Mary, Charleg, Robert, Barbara and Theodore. The tliree eldest sons are engaged in tlie tannery business, as previously mentioned, and the youngest son is now attending Profes- sor Knipp's Institute in Baltimore. The family residence is a pleasant place on Marietta Avenue, and they are Lutherans in religious faith. JOHN A. COYLE. This well known and prom- inent lawyer of Lancaster, besides carrying on a large general practice, is interested in real estate in the city. He is a member of the Real Estate and Improvement Company, which was organized in 1892, and which up to the pres- ent time has erected many residences in the city. Our subject is the son of James and Anna (Rockafield) Coyle, and was born in the cit3' of Lancaster on the 23d of April, 18.54. James Coyle, his grandfather, came to this country from Ire- land prior to the j'ear 1800 and located in Lancas- ter, when a single man. Theie be engaged in the hotel business and became very prominent. He was a Catholic in religion, and in politics a mem- ber of the Democratic party. The three children of whom he became the father were: Dennis; Mar- garet, who marrfed a Mr. Fitzpatrick, a prominent railroad contractor of this city, and James. James Coyle, father of our subject, being or- piianed by the death of his parents, when a lad was thrown upon his own resources and began learning the trade of a shoemaker, which business he fol- lowed during the gi-eater part of his life. He was a very successful business man and owned a large shoe store in Lancaster, among whose merchants he was regarded as an upright and thoroughly honest man. He also dealt extensively in real estate and built many of the best business blocks in the city, among them being the Williams & Foster Building. He was connected bj- member- ship with St. Mary's Lutheran Church, .and al- though a Democrat in politics, voted for Abraham Lincoln for President. The father of our subject was three times mar- ried. By his first wife there were born two chil- dren, James and Anna, who are now deceased. His second union, which w.as with the mother of our subject, resulted in the birth of the following children: John A., Catherine M., Walter J., Ella and two who died in infancy. Mrs. Coyle died in .September, 1866, while her husband survived un- til February 17, 1871, when he too passed away. The subject of this sketch first attended the public and private schools of his native city, after which he entered Seton Hall College in New Jer- sey, from which he was graduated with the Class of '77. He then entered the ottice of William Aug Atlee, a prominent lawyer, under whose in- struction he carried on his law studies until ad- mitted to the Bar to practice June 30, 1880. Mr. Coyle remained with his instructor for the succeed- ing three years, when,iu 1883, he opened an office in Lancaster, where he has been engaged in busi- ness ever since. He is looked upon as one of the most able lawyers in the state, and as a business mail his superior is hard to find. In 1892, in connection with Dr. L, M. Herr and John W. Hiemens, Mr. Coyle organized the Real Estate and Improvement Company and purchased PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 671 the Kelly farm at a cost of $75,000, and divided it into city lots, tbe most of which they have im- proved. The Hiible.y Mamifactuiing Company, which is cue of tlie leading industries in the city, is located upon this addition to the city, as are also many other leading enterprises and numer- ous residences. Mr. Coyle is also President of the Street Railwaj' of Lancaster, and during his in- cumbency of the office electricity has taken the place of horse power. lie was also instrumental in the establishment of the Columbia & Lancaster Railroad, of which he was President until his res- ignation. He is a Director of the Columbia & Donegal .Street Railwa}' and also of the Columbia A- IronvlUe Railway. Mr. Coyle is a liberal con- tributor toward every worthy enterprise having for its object the improvement of the city, and man}' establishments in this section are indebted to him for encouragement and material aid. He was one of the organizers of the Conestoga Na- tional Bank, and it was through his influence that this institution was consolidated with the bank of Reed & McGraim, thus making one of the strong- est banks in the country. Our subject is Director of this bank and is also its solicitor. He was the chief promoter of the Home Building DC. DENNEY occupies the responsible po- sition of Superintendent of the Columbia Rolling Mills, with whose interests he is thoroughly identified. He is the son of John Q. and Rachel Denney, and was born September 25, 1857, in this city. Samuel Denney, the grand- father of our subject, was a resident during the earlier years of his life in the southern portion of Chester County, this state. He was a millwright by trade and a man possessed of much natural ability in that line of work. He was very success- ful in all his undertakings and was enabled to spend his declining years free from work of any kind in a comfortable home. In politics he was a Republican after the formation of the party, and in religious matters was connected with the Society of Friends. He married Miss Edith Dubree, of French origin, and to them was born a family of seven children. John Q. Denney, father of our subject, was a na- tive of Salisbury Township, Lancaster County, and 31 after acquiring a fair education in the public schools of his native place he entered his father's shops, remaining with bim until he attained his majority, when we find him located in Columbia. His first employment here was with John Bough- man, a machinist, conducting a general repairing business. Young Denney was soon given charge of the establishment and managed affairs in a most satisfactory' manner until leaving Mr. Boughman in order to enter the employ of the Chestnut Hill Iron Ore Company of this cit}-, of which he was made the Superintendent. He remained with this concern for some time and then became connected with the ShauU Mill as Superintendent. Later he interested himself with the Henry Clay Furnace Comi)any of Columbia, in which he held stock and with which he was associated until 1872. That year, disposing of his interest in the fur- naces, Mr. Denney went to Harnsburg, where he built the Paxton Rolling Mills for the McCorraick Company, of which he was made Superintendent, and has remained with the concern ever since. It is one of the largest rolling mills in the state and does an immense business throughout the country. John Q. Denney is one of the prominent and wealthy residents of this part of Pennsylvania and besides the above business is President of the Co- lumbia Rolling Mills, occupies thesame position in the rolling mill of Steaey & Denney at York, this state, and is also President of the Street Railway Company at Harrisburg. He is a practical iron man and is regarded as one of the most prosperous manufacturers of all kinds of iron work in Penn- sylvania. In his political relations the father of our sub- ject is a stanch Republican, but aside from casting his vote for its candidates does not take any pub- lic part in politics. He is the father of six chil- dren, of whom our subject is the eldest. The others bear the respective names of Edith, the wife of J. C. Whittaker; Franklin and Cora, deceased; James M., chief engineer of the Harrisburg Street Railway shops, and Thomas H., who is clerk in the Paxton Rolling Mills in York. The original of this sketch received a good ed- ucation in the private schools of his native city and when eighteen years of age became connected 674 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. with the Paxton Rolling Mills as timekeeper. He was afterward promoted to the position of man- ager of the same plant, and when returning to Co- lumbia was made Superintendent of the Columbia Rolling Mills, which position he has held for the past eight years. They employ three hundred men in the mill and handle fifteen thousand tons of iron every year. Following in the footsteps of his honored father, our subject votes the Republican ticket. He is connected by membership with the Methodist Epis- copal Church, which he is serving at the present time as Steward. His marriage was celebrated with Miss Clara Patton, June 7, 1878. The lady is the daughter of Gen. William Patton, of this city, and one of its most distinguished residents. To our subject and his estimable wife has been born a son, John D. JOSEPH S. HARNISH is one of the progress- ive agriculturists of Conestoga Township, and in this community has passed his entire life. For some years in his early manhood he was in business with his father as a lumber dealer, but his principal calling has been that of farming, and in this he has been blessed with suc- cess. The paternal grandfather of Joseph Harnish bore the same Christian name, and he too followed the life of a farmer. In politics he was a Whig and in his religious faith was identified with the old Mennonite Church. Upon arriving at man's estate he married Prudence Good, and to them were born four children that attained mature 3'ears. One of the number, Samuel, was born November 12, 1816, in Martic Township, and in early life was engaged in the hotel business. Later, relin- quishing that occupation, he embarked in the lum- ber tra(ie and followed that business until he re- tired from active cares. He was a ver}^ prominent man in financial, political and religious circles and when he was called from this life, March 5, 1894, it was felt to be a public loss. He was one of the charter members of the Odd Fellows' Lodge known as Kosciusko. Though he was for years an active Republican he was always a strong temper- ance man, and during his last years affiliated with the Prohibition party. Several times his name came before the convention for the office of Di- rector for the County Poor, but it was never his desire to serve in a public capacity. In the Meth- odist Episcopal Church he was a Trustee and was also associated with the camp-meeting organiza- tion. He married Delilah Shank, and to them were born seven children: Marj'; Prudence, de- ceased; Henry, who has also passed from this life; Joseph S.; Milton, Jonas and Delilah, deceased. The birth of Joseph S. Harnish occurred in this township October 22, 1849, and his education was derived from the schools of River Hill, which he attended until reaching his sixteenth year. Sub- sequently he took a course of six months at the Millers ville Normal, and with that exception he has since acquired his wide knowledge of men and affairs through his own private study. When only seventeen years old he embarked in the lumber business with his father and continued in that line of trade for the nine succeeding years. During this time he managed to lay by a goodly sum which he invested in property, and in the years that followed he devoted his whole time and en- ergies to the cultivation of his farm, which he brought into fine order and made many improve- ments upon the place. December 23, 1875, Mr. Harnish married Miss Mary E. Bostick and they had eleven children, of whom the following survive: Nora W., Samuel S., Ida P., Olive M., Susan L., Joseph C, Jesse C, Mary V. and Marion L. The next to the eldest and the next to the youngest died unnamed iu infancy. On the question of politics Mr. Harnish inclines to the belief of his father and deposits his ballot for Prohibition nominees. He holds membership with the Methodist Episcopal Church and is serv- ing in the offices of Trustee and Steward. He also PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 675 succeeded his father as a member of the Camp Meeting Association of this denomination and takes great interest in ever}' department of church work. In personal character his life is marked with integrity and honor and his business deal- ings have always been thoroughly reliable. HON. GEORGE FORREST, at present rep- resenting his district in the State Legisla- ture, was elected to that honorable posi- tion on the Democratic ticket in 1892. Prior to this he was tobacco inspector for F. C. Linde, Hamilton & Co., of New York Cit}'. Mr. Forrest was born in Lancaster January 2, 1852, and is the son of Casper Forrest, a native of this county and in turn the son of Joseph Forrest, who was born across the water in England. Tlie latter on emi- grating to America located in Lancaster, where he passed the remainder of his life. The father of our subject was in early life a manufacturer of powder horns, and on abandoning this occupation established himself in the flour and feed businesson the corner of West King and Manor Streets. He was very successful in this enterprise and is now living retired in Lancaster, having passed his seventy-fourth year. In politics he is a stanch Democrat, and in religious matters belongs to St. John's Lutheran Church. His wife prior to her marriage was Ann Milleysock, a native of Maryland and the daughter of George Milleysock, also born in that state and of German descent. Mrs. Forrest departed this life in 1 888. The parental family included eight children, four of whom are living. Harry served as a sol- dier in Company K, One Hundred and Twenty- second Pennsylvania Infantry, during the late war, and on returning home engaged in the to- bacco business with our subject until his decease. George, of this sketch, attended first the common and afterward the high schools of his native city, and after completing the course served an appren- ticeship of eighteen months at the printer's trade, working in the oflice of the Inquirer. In 1874 he began working at the tobacco business, but after a twelvemonth thus employed returned to the print- ing office. Later he went to New Haven, Conn., where he was employed as a clerk in the office of the Superintendent of the New Haven & Hartford Railroad. Thence he removed to Philadelphia, again working at the art preservative until his re- turn to this city in 1877. That j'ear, in company with his brother, he established himself in the to- bacco business and was appointed inspector for F. C. Linde, Hamilton 0 ©EORGE BROWN. Whatever the natural resources of a country, or its business fa- cilities, still the history must depend chiefly upon the men who have resided there, and who by their energy and ability have added to the natural attractions and wealth.. The subject of 676 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. this biography figures prominently among such men. He is a resident of Mt. Joy, where for many j'ears he has been the owner and successful pro- prietor of a cotton and woolen mill. As a busi- ness man he has been very successful, as he pos- sesses tliat integrity of character and keenness of judgment wliich have enabled him to attain pros- perity. The son of Benjamin and Hannah (Rollinson) Brown, our subject was born October 31, 1831, in Holmfirth, Yorkshire, England. His fatlier was one of eight children, namely: George, William, Elizabeth, Mary, Mercy, Sarah, Eliza and Benja- min. The latter was the recipient of common school advant.ages and in early manhood learned the trade of a woolen carder, wliich he followed at Holmfirth. In religious belief he was a member of the Episcopal Church, and socially was identi- fied with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He died at the age of flft^'-seven, and his wife passed away at sixty-five. They were the parents of seven children, namely: George, the subject of this sketch; Mrs. Amanda Battyee; William, de- ceased; Mrs. Emma Booth; Benjamin, Walker and Wilson, deceased. In the public schools of Yorkshire our subject was a student for some years. Afterward he en- tered the woolen mills and learned the trade of a carder, which he followed in his native land until his emigration, February 12, 1855, to America. He crossed the ocean, a stranger to all on board ship, and landing in the United States, settled in Trenton, N. J., where he was for two years em- ployed at his trade. Afterward he was similarl}' engaged in Philadelphia. In 1883 he came to Mt. Joy and embarked in business on his own account, his cotton and woolen factory being located on the site of the present caramel works. There he con- tinued business until 1890, when he bought the large mill at one time owned by the Reaper & Agricultural Implement Company. This he fitted up with the latest improved machinery for the manufacture of cotton and woolen goods, and af- ter running it one year, retired and was suc- ceeded by his sons. In 1856 occurred the marriage of George Brown and Miss Esther, daughter of William Beardsell, who lived at Lamb Bank, Yorkshire, England. Ten children were born of this union, namely: Thomas J., Arthur, Walter, Mrs. Sarah Batty, Benjamin; Emma, wife of John Zellers, Postmaster at Mt. Joy, George, Elmer, Mrs. Anna Shelly, and Lillie Amanda, who died in infancy. The family was bereaved by the death of the devoted wife and mother, who passed away September 12, 1873, at the age of fort}' years. A liberal and public spirited citizen, Mr. Brown is always ready to contribute of his time and means for the advancement of enterprises calculated to promote the general welfare. His success is the re- sult of his own unaided exertions, for upon com- ing to America he had neither friends nor capital. However, he was energetic, persevering and in- dustrious, and in due time was rewarded for his indomitable enterprise by the acquirement of a handsome competency. In religion he is an Epis- copalian, and having been reared in that faith, still advocates its doctrines. WILLIAM EDWARD CRIST, editor and . proprietor of the Cohunhia, Daily News and the Weekly Courant, is an able newspaper man, and exerts a marked influence in the affairs of his community. He was born in De- catur, 111., December 1, 1860, the son of Samuel and Mary C. Crist. The family is of German de- scent, the first representative in America having come from the Fatherland in the eighteenth cen- tury, and made settlement in Elizabethtown, Lan- caster County. The paternal grandfather of our subject, George H. Crist, was born in Chambersburg, Franklin County, Pa., about 1810. He was given a fair education for that early day, and when ready to establish in life on his own account, began farm- ing in his native county. Upon his estate of one hundred and ten acres he passed his remaining years. After the formation of the Republican PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 677 l)arly, he supported its principles as long as he lived. In religious belief he was a devoted mem- ber of tiie United Brethren Church, lie married Miss Anna Gerhart, a native of Lancaster Count}'. George II. Crist lived but a few years after the birth of liis son, and by tlie death of the wife and mother six years later, Samuel was left an orphan, at the age of twelve j'ears. He then made his iionie witli an uncle, and was given a common- school education. When old enough he followed the blacksmith's trade, which he followed the greater |)art of iiis life. Shortly after mastering the occupation, he married Miss Mary Catlierine Clevcrstine, then removed to Illinois and made his liome in Decatur for two years. On iiis return to Lancaster County he engaged in the business of carriage and coach making. His death occurred October 31, 1892, at tlie age of fifty- two years. He was a life-long and active member of the United Biethren Ciiurch, and was beloved by the people among vvlK>m lie lived. His good wife preceded liim to tlio better land a few months, having died November 19, 1891, at tiic age of forty-nine. She too was a consistent member of the United Breth- ren Church, and was active in all good works in her neighborhood. The subject of this sketch attended the public schools until a youth of seventeen years, when he turned his attention to the printer's trade, learn- ing the business in Greencastle and Philadelphia. For several years he worked at the case in the principal eastern cities, after which he returned to Greencastle, Pa., and engaged in the hat and gen- tlemen's furnishing goods business, which he con- ducted for five years, and then disposed of the stock. At that time the editor of the Valley Echo in Greencastle became incapacitated for active work, and Mr. Crist was engaged to conduct the business of the office where lie had served his apprentice- ship. He continued in that capacity until 1889, when he removed to Columbia. In December of the above year, Mr. Crist pur- chased a one-half interest in the Columbia Daily Neics and the Weekly Courant, and two years later bought out liis partner, since which time he has been alone. The News is a sound family paper, containing articles on current topics and corres- pondence from various localities in the county' The paper is now in the seventh year of its exist- ence, and is the pioneer penny daily in this coun- ty. In politics it is independent, and its readers know that wiien Mr. Crist supports or disapproves any one, he is actuated solely by conscientious motives, and does so only after careful considera- tion. A well equipped job print ng department is op- erated in connection with the newspapers, and in 1891, finding his rapidly growing business out- stripping his facilities, Mr. Crist decided to build a permanent iiome for his publications, tlie out- come of which is the Daily Neivs Printing House, a handsome three-story building of maroon colored brick, with brown stone trimmings. It is one hundred and thirty-five feet deep, and is especially adapted to the printing business. It is one of the finest and most attractive structures in Columbia. Mr. Crist is a stockholder in manj' of the im- portant enterprises in Columbia, is a member of different societies and organizations, and is con- ducting his business on a paying basis. Politically he is, and always has been, a stanch Republican, but has never sought nor accepted political office, preferring to be free from any entrammeling in- fluences. In 1881 he married Ida C, only daugh- ter of Samuel and Nannie Smith, residents of Greencastle, Pa. Three children have been born to them, Elva B., Edward Nevin and Nannie C. l^+^l "^ MILTON S. HER.SHEY, President of the Lancaster Caramel Company, was born in Derry Church and reared in Lancaster County, where he obtained his education in the public schools. He is the son of Henry H. Hershey, a native of the same county. The grandfather, Jacob Hershey, was a farmer of the old style type. Three brothers came from Switzerland to America and located in Lancaster County, our subject's fa- ther being one of the three brothers. Our sub- 678 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ject's mother's maiden name was Fanny Snovely, boin near New Danville, the daughter of Abraham Snovely, a native of Lancaster County, and who was a miller by trade. In 1876 our subject went to Philadelphia, where he-engaged in the manufacture of confectionery, and there continued six years, after which he traveled iu different states in the Union, and fin- ally engaged in business in New York as a caramel manufacturer. He deemed it wise to remove his plant to Lancaster, where he has increased his busi- ness and employs a large number of men. In 1891 William L. Blair became his partner, the Arm being styled Hershey & Blair, and in February, 1894, the concern was incorporated as the Lancaster Car- amel Company with M. S. Hershey President and William L. Blair Secretary. The incorporators of this company are M. S. Hershey, William L. Blair, E. M. Robinson (General Superintendent), C. H. Kleinbach, of Chicago, and Frank D. Snovely, of Chicago. This plant is located on Chuicli and Duke Streets, where they have a four story build- ing 104x207 feet in size. The factory is run by steam power, employing a thirty horse-power en- gine. To give the reader some conception of the magnitude of this concern, it only needs to be said that eight hundred hands are emploj-ed. Car- amels and chocolates are their specialty; they also operate a factory at Mt. .Joy, where thej' employ about one hundred hands, and a factory at No. 119 West Harrison Street, Chicago, employing four hundred hands in a seven story building; they also have another factory at Geneva, 111., employing one hundred hands. The original busi- ness was started in the city of Lancaster and has grown to reach wonderful proportions. The ma- chinery employed is of their own invention and is all covered by patents. Their trade mark is "Cr3'stal A." These goods are shipped to all parts of the world, including Japan, China, Australia and Europe. The capital stock of this concern is $600,000, all paid up, and they do over a $1,000,000 worth of business per annum. In conclusion it only needs to be said that Mil- ton S. Hersiiey has made a complete success of life thus far, and is the President of the largest concern of this kind in the world. Politically, Mr. Hershey is a firm supporter of the Republican party, and no man stands higher in business and social circles in the city of Lancaster than tliis man, who has been crowned with success. H ENRY STAUFFER MUSSER, one of the leading business men of Marietta, was born near this city, July 16, 1820, being a son ot Jacob and Martha (Stauffer) Musser. His ancestors, both paternal and maternal, were of German origin, but both families have been repre- sented in America for several generations. Grand- father Henry Musser, who for a number of years resided in Lancaster County, engaged in agricul- tural pursuits until his death, and being a man of great energy and perseverance, he gained a com- mendable degree of success. In religious faith he was what is termed a River Brethren. He died and his remains were interred in a cemetery near Rowenna. Jacob Musser, father of our subject, was born near Rovvcnna. His life occupation was that of ag- riculture, and he was numbered among the pro- gressive farmers and loyal citizens of his commu- ity. In politics he affiliated with the Whigs, and was well informed concerning topics of current interest. His death occurred at the early age of thirtj'-two years. His famil}' numbered six chil- dren, named: Henry S., Anna, Lizzie, Martha, Jacob and Abram. Of these the first named, our subject, was reared to manhood upon the home farm, re- ceiving a practical education in the district schools. In 1842 Mr. Musser embarked in the lumber business, whicii he has made his life occupation, meeting with success in the management of his business affairs. He still conducts a large and prof- itable trade in this line, and is thoroughly in- formed regarding ever\' detail of tiie work. He owns some valuable real estate in Marietta, and in addition is a Director in the First National Bank of this place and in the Turnpike Company. vT PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 679 He is also interested in tlie water company. Po- litic.illy he supports the principles of the Republi- can party, and has taken an active part in public affairs, displaying a commendable interest in the welfare of the county and of his fellow-citizens. For six years he was a member of the Prison Board of Lancaster County, and he has also served as School Director. The marriage of Mr. Musser, which occurred in the year 1847, united him with Miss Anna M. Criseinger, of this county. Five children born of their union are now living, and four are de- ceased. Stephen, the eldest, is engaged as clerk for A. N. Casnl it Son; Elizabeth is the wife of Charles Johnston, of Philadelphia; E. Stanton is employed in the Pennsylvania depot at Columbia; Lincoln assists his father in the lumber business; Anna and Frank are deceased; Ada is Jlrs. J. G. Steiner, of Jefferson County, Pa. The family is lield in the highest esteem socially, and its mem- bers are recognized as among the worthiest citizens of Marietta. . ' ^# P ' eAHPENTER WEIDLER, M. D., a prom- inent physician and surgeon, is located for practice in Mechanicsburg. He is the son of Dr. Isaac and Catherine (Gealbaugh) Weidler, and was born Ma}' 31, 1829. The father was also a physician of considerable note, being a graduate from the Jefferson Medical College. He first lo- cated for practice at Bareville, but shortly' after came to Mechanicsburg, where he built up a lucra- tive trade and resided until his decease in 1885, in the eight3'-tirst j'ear of his age. He stood high in the profession and was a member in good stand- ing of the Lancaster County Medical Society. In politics he was a supporter of Democratic princi- ples, believing that party to be in the right, and in religious affairs he was connected by member- ship with the Reformed Church. The mother of our subject by her union with Dr. Isaac Weidler became the mother of four sons and two daughters, of whom our subject was the eldest: Benjamin F., deceased; Annie; George W.; Milton, and Mary. Benjamin was a resident of Portland, Oregon, where he was employed on board the vessel "George M. Wright" as purser. The boat plied between Portland and Alaska, and on the third trip was lost with all on board. Benjamin was a member of an artillery compan}' in the Southern Confederacy during the late war. George W. Weidler is engaged as a lumber merchant in Port- land, Oregon, where he also owns a sawmill, and is well-to-do; Milton is Collector of Internal Reve- nues, and also makes his home in Portland, and Mary is the wife of George HuUinger, of Kansas City, Mo. The mother of this family died when forty-one years of age. She was a devoted mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church and active in all good works in her neighborhood. The original of this sketch supplemented the knowledge gained in the common schools by a course at Franklin and Marshall College of Lan- caster. Deciding to follow a professional life, he read medicine in the office of his honored father, after which he entered the Pennsylv.ania Medical College of Philadelphia, from which he was grad- uated with the Class of '50. He immediately es- tablished in this city for practice and now com- mands an extensive patronage, and has accumulated a handsome property. He is one of the oldest practitioners in the place and as such his advice is often sought and followed. In 1864 Dr. Weidler and Miss Eliza, daughter of David Good, were united in marriage. To them have been born two children, Ida M. and Ella, at home with their parents. In politics the Doctor is a Democrat and is universally esteemed. _Og3,i/C! aj^^i|^i..|$.p (Tpr BRAHAM ROHRER. A compendium of f — \ biographical sketches of Lancaster County would be incomplete without an outline of the life of the above gentleman, who is one of the oldest residents within its bounds. He is now in the eighty-second year of his age and is living retired from active work, in the possession of a 680 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. competence which was gained by toiling early and late in developing iiis tract of land. Our subject is the son of Jacob and Anna (Hart- man) Rohrer, and was born in East Lampeter Township, this county, August 4, 1813. The fam- ily is of Swiss origin, the first representative set- tling in America many generations ago. Grand- father Isa.ac Rohrer was a farmer in the above townsliip and married Miss Elizabeth Groff, by whom he became the father of the following chil- dren: Jacob, John, Martin, Isaac, Henry, Abraham and Mary. Christian Hartraan, the maternal grand- father of our subject, lived to be eighty-seven years of age, dying in 1829. Jacob Rohrer was also born in this township, in the year 1780, and spent his entire life here, pass- ing away in the year 1866. He was a farmer and owned a tract of two hundred acres, which he in- dustriously cultivated, making it one of the best in the locality. In politics he was a stanch Re- publican and took an active part in public affairs, serving for many years as Trustee of the School Board. Like his ancestors, he belonged to the Old Mennonite Church and wielded a decided influ- ence throughout his communit3' and even beyond the vicinity of his home. The mother of our subject was the daughter of Christian Hartmau, and by her union with Jacob Rohrer there were born three daughters and two sons. Maria is the widow of the late Chiistian Johns; Elizabeth was the next in order of birth; Abraham is the subject of this sketch; Anna is the widow of Peter Jolins, of this township, and Jacob is the fifth. The mother lived to be eighty-one years of age, and died in 1869. The original of this sketch secured a good edu- cation, and until his retirement in 1874, followed agricultural pursuits all his life. As before stated, he is one of the oldest residents in the county and commenced life for himself upon an unimproved tract of land. Of his success he may truly be proud, for it is evidence of an industrious and en- terprising life, characterized by perseverance and good management. In 1836 Abraham Rohrer was married to Miss Susan, daughter of Abraham Denlinger, and to them has been born a family of five children: Abram. Jr., John, Henry, Benjamin, and Anna, who is the wife of Jacob Landis. Our subject is a member in good standing of the Old Mennonite Church, and in politics has voted with the Repub- lican party since its organization. pi» >>p*p ^ >^ ISRAEL G. ERB, of Lititz, is a representative of a very old family in the Keystone State, his paternal great-great-grandfather having been one of three brothers who came from Switzerland l)rior to the War of the Revolution, locating on land in this county. From that day his descen- dants have been engaged in agricultural pursuits down to the present time, and have been noted for their industrious, upright and energetic lives. The subject of this biography has taken a leading part in many of the enterprises and industries of the community in which he makes his home. The old homestead, which has been handed down for sev- eral generations, is owned and conducted by him. It is situated in Penn Township and is a valuable place, having been brought under fine cultivation, and has substantial improvements upon it. Among the many companies in which Mr. Erb has invested are the Lititz National Bank, of which he is Vice- President, and which was incorporated in 1880 with a capital stock of §105,000; the Agricultural Mut- ual Fire Insurance Corapan}', of which he is now Treasurer and was formerly President; the Lan- caster and Lititz Turnpike Company and the Penn Township Insurance Company, which was organ- ized in 1860, and in which he has served for twen- ty-one years as Secretary. The birth of Israel G. Erb occurred September 12, 1843, his parents being David W. and Cather- ine (Groff) Erb. Both father and son were born on the old homestead in Penn Township, of this county, the former March 4, 1819. He was a farmer during his entire active life in Penn Town- ship and there his death occurred in July, 1885. In religion he was an adherent of the Mennonite Church, and politically was a Whig until the organ- ization of the Republican party, when he joined its PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 681 ranks. About 1840 he hiarried Miss Catherine, daughter of John Rroff, of the Hunts Groff familj', of Groffdale, of this county> who were also of the Meunonite faith. In the family of David W. were two daughters and one son. Maria became the wife of Christian Kreiter, now of Lincoln, Lancaster County. Adaline is the wife of John Brubaker, who lives near the same place. The mother of these children is still living and active in the work of the Mennonite Cliurch, though about seventy-three years of age. Daniel, the paternal grandfather of our subject, was a native of what is now Ponn Town- ship, was one of the pillars and leading men of the Mennonite denomination, and was a successful and extensive agriculturist, llis wife, Mary Witwcr, was a cousin of General Witwer, of wide and hon- orable fame. Daniel Erb had four sons and four daughters, of whom David was the eldest. His death occurred in 1886, at the age of over eighty years, Israel G. Erb, of tliis sketch, received a good com- mon school education and was brought up to a practical and intimate knowledge of farm labor. In order to acquire a higher education lie entered Lilitz Academy in 1861, being under the instruc- tion of Prof. John Beck, with whom he pursued a course of higher mathematics and civil engineer- ing. After leaving school lie taught for a few years, and in 1866 returned to his studies for a short time in the academy. Since that time he has been en- gaged in surveying and also has given much labor and care to the proper management of his fine farm and other business investments. For eight years he has been a School Director and in educational meas- ures and ideas, perhaps more than in any other di- rection, he has alwa3's been interested, using his in- fluence in the promotion of higher systems of in- struction and better teachers. In his political faith he is a stanch Republican, and in 1882 was elected jury commissioner of Lancaster County. The marriage of Mr. Erb was celebrated October 29, 1867, with Sarah Reist, b}' whom he has had five daughters. Emma Is the wife of Martin G. Hess, Cashier of the Kej'stone National Bank of Man- heim. Mary R., Katie (deceased), Minnieand Annie Laurie are tiie other members of the family. The father of Mrs. Erb, John Reist, was a prosperous farmer who owned a tract of land in Penn Town- ship. Mr. Erb is a member of the Mennonite Church and is greatly interested in the affairs of his de- nomination, in every way endeavoring to promote its good. <^TX MOS BOWMAN, President of the Marietta / — \ Hollow Ware and Enameling Company, and Vice-President of the First National Bank of Marietta, is one of the leading business men of the place. He was born in Columbia, Lan- caster County, August 10, 1837, and is a son of Joseph and Elizabeth (Parker) Bowman. The Bowman family have resided in this county for three generations, their ancestors having emigrated hither in an early daj' and settled in the vicinity of Lampeter, where Grandfather Bowman spent his entire life. He was a farmer by occupation, was highly respected and regarded as one of the best informed men of his daj'. Joseph Bowman, father of our subject, was born April 11, 1810, and was reared on the old farm near Lampeter, receiving a common school educa- tion and assisting his father in tilling the soil. Becoming dissatisfied with farm life, he decided to try his fortunes elsewhere. He first found em- ployment on the Pennsylvania Railroad as con- ductor on a freight train, but this occupation be- ing uncongenial, he soon abandoned it and went to Millersville, where he embarked in the mercantile business. After some time spent there he removed to Petersburg and engaged in the hotel business, where he remained for several years. Being of a genial disposition, and having a kind word and pleasant smile for every one, he made many warm friends who never forgot "mine host" or the pleas- ant hours and good dinners they enjoyed at his hotel. We next find Joseph Bowman clerking for J. H. Kurtz, of Lancaster, with whom he remained until he was elected Prothonotary. For three years he faithfully served in this capacity, giving satisfaction to all, and became widely known and respected throughout the county. Six children were born to his marriage, five of whom are still 682 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. living, namely: Amanda, Amos, Samuel, Joseph and Adaline, the latter being the wife of L. D. Graves, a merciiant of Columbus, Ohio. In I860, Mr. Bowman removed with liis family to Ohio, where he again followed farming, but is now liv- ing retired in Forest, a beautiful town in thatstate, enjoying the rest he so well deserves. He has al- ways taken an active part in politics, and a deep interest in the Republican party, of which he is a stanch supporter. The Methodist Episcopal Church finds in him a consistent member and faithful of- ficer. Amos Bowman, the subject of this sketch, spent his boyhood days in Columbia, Lancaster and Petersburg, attending the public schools of those places, and later entering the high school of Lan- caster, where he finished liis education. Soon after leaving school he entered the Farmers' Bank of Lancaster, remaining there nine years. In 1863 he came to Marietta and accepted the position of Cashier of the F'irst National Bank of this place, it being the first bank of that order in the United States. For twenty-five years he honorably filled this position, possessing the esteem of his fellow- offlcers in the bank, and the respect of the entire community. In 1888 Mr. Bowman resigned his position as Cashier and took charge of the estate of James Duffy, also becoming manager of the Marietta Hollow Ware Compan3\ He was soon after elected President of the company and still holds that po- sition. He is a Director in the water company, the building and loan association, and is Vice- President of the First National Bank. In connec- tion with other interests he was one of the leading agitators of the electric road from Marietta to Lancaster, and from Marietta to Maytown, but the francliise was secured by another company, so that enterprise was abandoned. He is also interested in the Marietta and Mt. Joy, Marietta and May- town, and Maytown and Elizabethtown Turnpike Companies, being a Director in each. Mr. Bowman married Miss Rachel, daughter of John Davis, of Wilmington, Del. Five chil- dren blessed this union, but only two survive, namely: Mary, tlie wife of .James B. Hanna, of Columbus, Ohio; and Joseph, who is employed in his father's office. Henry Davis died in May, 1889, and tiie other two children died in infancy. In political matters our subject has alwaj's taken an active [jart, and tlie Republican party has always found in him a friend and standi supporter. In every enterprise pertaining to the welfare of his home locality he is always first to take an active part, and by his energy, push and public spirit has done much to make the town of Marietta what it now is. Socially he is identified with the Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. JOHN S. STAHR, Pn. D., D. D., President of Franklin and Marshall College, is a gentle- man widely known for his scholarly attain- ments, and the institution with which he is connected is singularly fortunate in having so able a man at its head. Since lie accepted his present responsible position he has carried into effect many of his practical and progressive ideas, and under his wise management the college is be- coming even more widely known -and highly es- teemed than formerly. Dr. Stahr was born in Haycock Township, Bucks County, near Quakertown, December 2, 1841. His father and paternal grandfather, whose Christian names were also John, were born in Milford, Bucks County, while his great-grandfather, a native of Germany, settled near Germantowu, Pa. F'or sev- eral generations the family have been honest and industrious tillers of the soil, and have sought to live in harmony with God and their fellow-men. The Doctor's father, John Stahr, in addition to operating his farm, was also a teacher. He died on the old homestead at Applebachsville when about sixty-eight years of age. He was a very in- fluential man in his communit}', in polities a Dem- ocrat, and in religion an active member and Elder of the Reformed Church. His wife, Sarah (Sum- mers) Stahr, was born in Tinicum, Bucks County, and was a daughter of Lewis Summers, a farmer of Tinicum Township, who when quite j'oung, in Hilltown Township, entered the Colonial army PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 683 during the Revolutionary War and served under Washington. The familj' name was originally spelled Sommers. Our subject's parents had five sons and one daughter, but only two of the number are now living, namely: Rev. I. S. Stahr, of Friedensburg, Berks County, and Dr. Stahr, our subject. The latter resided upon the home farm until he was about fifteen years of age, and pursued his studies in the public schools of his native district. When nearly sixteen he commenced to teach, and bj- hard work at home and in the Bucks Count3- Nor- mal and Classical School he made his wa}-, until he took high rank in his profession. In Septem- ber, 1865. he entered the junior cl.iss of Kranklm and Marshall College, and two years later was graduated therefrom with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Three years afterward the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by his Alma Mater. It was his intention after graduation to enter the Theological Semin.iry, but as a v.acancy occurred in the faculty of the college at that time, he accepted the position which was offered him, and was Assistant Professor from 1867 to 1871. He took up theology under the late Dr. J. William- son Nevin, and was ordained to the ministry at Reading in 1872. For about a year he was Assis- tant to Dr. Bausman, of that place, in the First Re- formed Church, and was subsequently invited to accept the pastorale, but declined the offer. In 1871 Dr. Stahr became Professor of Sciences in Franklin and Marshall College, and acceptably filled tliat place for the ensuing eighteen years. On the expiration of this time he was for a year Act- ing President, and finallj% in 1890, was elected President. AVhile holding the chair of Natural Science, he was Treasurer of the faculty from 1874, and he still serves in that capacity. He has shown himself to be an able financier, and has been in- strumental in raising funds both for general en- dowment and for improvements in the wa}' of new buildings and better equipments. In 1872 Professor Stahr was married in this city to Miss Francina E. Andrews, who was born in Colerain, this county, and is a daughter of Hon. Hugh and Francina (Wilson) Andrews. Her fa- ther was formerly a representative of this district in the State Legislature. The Andrews family Is of Scotch-Irish descent. To Dr. and Mrs. Stahr were born five children, namely: Helen R., who is a member of the Class of '94 in Wellesley Col- lege; John M., deceased; Charles P., of the Frank- lin and Marshall Class of '97; Mary Belle and Hugh A. In addition to his responsible duties as Presi- dent and Treasurer, Dr. Stahr is Professor of men- tal and moral science, psychology and ethics. His influence has been felt in a most marked way for good during the many years he has been iden- tified with the college, and with pupils and citi- zens alike he is very popular and much beloved. Franklin and Marshall College is such an old and Influential institution, that it needs no par- ticular mention to the residents and adjoining states, for its reputation has always been so high in the educational field that there must be few in- deed who have not heard its praises sung. Frank- lin College was established in Lancaster in 1787, and named after Dr. Benjamin Franklin, who contributed liberally to its endowment. Marshall College was established by the Reformed Church at Mercersbnrg in 1836. The two institutions were consolidated by an act of the State Legisla- ture, the union taking effect in 1853. The college buildings are beautifully located on an eminence within the city limits, in the midst of twenty-two acres of finely shaded grounds. The main building contains class rooms, chapel, library and reading rooms, and grouped around it are the various useful and architecturally fine buildings, which are used for the different departments of college work. A special feature of the work is the training of students in the true spirit of the Christian re- ligion, though no sectarian restraints are imposed upon them. eOL. B. FRANK ESHLEMAN, who was form- erly on the staff of ex-Governor Beaver, is one of the most prominent and successful lawyers of the Lancaster County Bar; atone time he was District Attorney of the county, and is very well known in all circles. In 1886 he erected the struc- 684 PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. ture known as Eshleman's Building on North Duke Street, where there are twelve commodious law offi- ces, occupying two stories, and a public hall is sit- uated on the third floor. As a lawyer he has been in great demand for twenty years, having been called upon to defend about eighteen murderers, and owing to his knowledge of technical points and general ability, not one of tlie number suffered the extreme penalty. A very active Republican, his in- fluence has been felt in political ways, and a few years ago he was a candidate in a convention for a member of Congress. The subject of this article was born in East Lam- peter Township, March 10, 1848. His father was Benjamin Eslileman,and the same name was borne by his grandfather and great-grandfather. Going back another generation further we find that one Jacob, of German descent, came from Switzerland, making a settlement in Lampeter Township, this being about 1710. He took up a large tract of land and was one of the pioneers; his descendants just mentioned were all born in the same township. On arriving at man's estate he married Fannie, daughter of Rev. John Herr, a minister of the Mennonite Church. The property known as Eshle- man's Mill was carried on by the Colonel's father for many years, and about 1870 he settled in Lan- caster, where he engaged in banking until he re- tired from business cares. Formerly an old line Whig, he later became a straight Republican. His demise occurred when he was in his seventieth year, in 1877. The mother of our subject bore the maiden name of Elizabeth Gyger. She was born in Lampeter Township, May 27, 1814, and is still living in this city, though nearly eighty years of age. Her fa- ther, John Gyger, was a native of Radnor, Dela- ware County, Pa., and was of German descent. He farmed extensively, being the owner of six or seven tracts of land, and was one of the wealthiest bankers and agriculturists in the county at his death. Wlien the National Bank was instituted he converted his private bank into a national con- cern, and was the first President of the First Na- tional Bank of Lancaster. He was politically a Whig and a Republican. When he died in 1871, he was nearly four-score years of age. In a family of two sons and two daughters the Colonel is next to the 3'oungest. His brother, John G., was drowned when only twentj'-three years old, on an excursion to Cape May in 1855. His sister Marian, now deceased, was the wife of J. E. Hiester, an attorney, and Elizabeth became the wife of Martin Bates, of this city. Until fourteen years old, B. Frank Eshleman lived on his father's farm, attending the common schools, and then en- tered the Preparatory Department of Dawingtown Academy. Wiien sixteen he was enrolled as a stu- dent in Haverford College, near Philadelphia, and was graduated in 1860 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, subsequently receiving that of Master of Arts. On his twenty-first birthday lie began the study of law with I. E. Hiester, a leading attorney and ex- Member of Congress, who is on record as a Free .Soiler in the Kansas and Nebraska controversy. In the spring of 1871 the young student was ad- mitted to the Bar in Lancaster, and struck out for himself as a general attorney, being for a time con- fined to common law practice. From 1878 to 1881 he was District Attorney, discharging his duties to the entire satisfaction of his constituents, and since then has had all he could attend to as a criminal lawyer. His office is on the first floor of Eshleman's Law Building, which is one of the finest in the city. In addition to this he owns three farms in this county which he superintends liimself, and other valuable property both inside and out of the city. He is President of the Lancaster and Will- iamstown Turnpike Company, a stockholder in the Farmers' National Bank and also in the Penn- sylvania Traction Railroad Company. In 1876 the Colonel was married in Towanda, Pa., to Mary, daughter of the late Chief Justice Ulysses Mercur, of this state. The lady was born in To- wanda, and by her marriage has become the mother of six children, to each of whom has been given the middle name of Mercur, and in order of birth they are as follows: Mary, P'rank, Ulysses, Benja- min, Rodney and Amy. Chief Justice Mercur was a very prominent and able statesman and lawyer, having been a Member of Congress and a Repre- sentative in the House, from which he rose at last to be Chief Justice of Pennsylvania. A stanch Republican, Colonel Eshleman has fre- PORTRAIT AND BIOGRAPHICAL RECORD. 685 quently served as a delegate to state conventions and was the youngest delegate to the National Convention at Cincinnati in 1876, when Hayes was nominated. He is the President of the Young Men's Republicnn Club, and has been Chairman of the County Republican Standing Committee. In a social way, he belongs to Lamberton Lodge No. 476, F. & A. M., in which he has passed all the chairs; is a member of Chapter No. 43, R. A. M.; Knight Templar Commandery No. 13, Lodge of Per- fection. For fifteen years he has been Vestryman, and an active worker in St. James' Episcopal Church, and in every rank in life numbers scores of warm personal friends. ^ g^- .^gjiSWt ^ ,^,,^^^,-f'f--;f'f-g^^-'f-^'' ' C ' Adams, Charles F 397 Adams, John 23 Adams, John Q 39 Ailes, AmosD 330 Albright, Daniel 529 Albright, Harry H 378 Alexander, H. M., M. D 597 Alexander, Milton 65* Amer, Dr. William N 412 Anderson, Eufus H 402 Andrews, Henry F 430 Anne, George W 138 Arthur, Chester A 9S Astrich, Bruno 450 Atlee, John Light, M. D 240 Atlee, Hon. William A 204 B Baer, Levi 368 Baker.A.M 622 Baldwin, John C 469 Bard, Justus 166 Bard, Samuel, Sr 657 Bare, Walter S 457 Barnholt, Edward 398 Barr. Aldus B 2.36 Barr, Benjamin M .-651 Batenian, William H 313 Baumgardner, Henry 136 Baumgardner, Henry K 518 Baumgardner, John H 415 Baumgardner, Thomas 573 Bausman, Dr. Abram B 146 Bausman, Jacob 117 Bausman, John J 292 Bausman, John W. B 118 Beales, Frederick A 584 Bender, William K 601 Benkert, Prof. George 257 Bertzfleld, Reuben 213 Bicksler, Rev. D. Wesley.... 202 Biemesderfer, F. I., M. D 200 Binkley, William G.,M. D...579 Black, Harry M., M. D 495 Bolenius, Robert M.,M. D...513 Bomberger, Henry 227 Bones, William W 272 Book, Hon. Henry S 594 Bookmyer, Edwin 189 Bowman, Amos 681 Bowman, Henry 270 Bowman , J. Frank 321 Boyd, Henry C 649 Brady, Henry A 362 Brandt, Joseph L 615 Breneman, John S 304 Brenneman, John L 342 Brenner, John E 250 Bressler, George B 384 Breuninger, Charles W 431 Brimmer, C. Harry 357 Brimmer, John F 461 Brosius, Hon. Marriott 141 Brown, Byron J 258 Brown, George 675 Brown, Isaac R 629 Brubaker. Wilson 195 Buch, Isaac R 592 Buch, J. Frank 671 Buchanan. James 75 Bucher, Frederick 319 Buchmiller, D. Frank 365 Buehrle, Robert K 169 Burger, Prof. Christian J 326 Burger, John A 427 Burkholder, Ezra H 580 Burrowes, Henry C 159 Byerly, Andrew R 348 Capp, John A., M. D 186 Carr, William H. , M. D 656 Case, Col. David B 637 Cassel, H. Burd 183 Chambers, John 663 Clark, Hon. Robert 668 Cleaver, Will W 449 Cleveland, S. Grover 103 Cohn, Edward M 219 Coho, Frank P 123 Conner, B. Frank 421 Conroy, Edward 199 Cooper, Rev. Edward 314 Coyle, John A 670 Crist, William E 676 D Dagen, Frederick B 440 Danner, George H 646 Darmstaetter, George H 286 Davis. Miles L., M. D 343 Davis, Hon . S. T., M. D 277 Deen, David L 466 Deen ,'.Thomas;A 399 Dellet, Adam 451 Denney, D. C 673 DitfenderBfer, Frank R 198 Diller, Edwin C 591 Diller's Sons, .Isaac 222 Donnelly, Charles C 267 Donnelly, Patrick 266 Dorsheimer, Peter 380 Downey, James W 468 Drachbar, Henry 201 Duffy, Col. James 610 Duttenhofer, John W 369 688 INDEX. E Eaby, C. Reese .' 374 Eberman, Rev. Clarence E. .413 Eberman, Henry F. , M. D...316 Eby, Jonas F 396 Eckman, J. Martin 175 Elimaker, Thomas, M . D 242 Elsen, Henry 542 Engle, Daniel G 551 Engle, Fredrick 352 Engle, Henry M 445 Erb, Israel Q 680 Erisiuan, Clement S 612 Esbenshade, Christian B 452 Esbenshade, Elias B 441 Esbenshade, Henry B 452 Esbenshade, Peter B 192 Eshleman, Col. B. Frank 683 Esterline, Rev. James H. . . .613 Ettla,Capt. George H 185 Evans, Samnel 156 Byer, David M 618 Fillmore, Millard 67 Flick, G. Samuel 462 Fordney, Col. William B 492 Forrest, Hon. George 675 Forstburg, John Q 255 Frailey , Edward F Sns Frailey, William 386 Fraim, Edward T 310 Franklin, Hon. Walter W. ...261 Frey, Charles H 239 Frey, Fred B 381 Frey, Hiestand 305 Frey, Jacob L 355 Frey, Samuel F 490 Fridy, Sam M 614 Fry, Rev. Charles L 481 Fry Family, The 539 Fry, Martin S 539 Fry,Phares W 323 Fulton, Robert 119 G Galbraith, J . G 661 Gara, Hugh S 273 Garfield, James A 95 Garrison, William T 634 Gast, Christian 410 Gast, Frederick A 428 Geist, I. Slater 651 Geist, J. M. W 207 Cierhart, Rev. Emanuel V. , .517 Gerhart, Henry 409 Gerhart, Col. William R 210 Girvin, John F 486 Given, William B 5S9 Gohn, Daniel F 477 Gontner, Samuel 333 Good, Henry 210 Good, William 148 Goodell, Joseph R 467 Graham, John S 340 Grant, Ulysses S 87 Gray, Samuel G., M. D 124 Graybill, David W 265 Graybill, Pliihp 137 Grier, W. Hayes 403 Groezinger, Gustavus 669 Groff, Dr. Benjamin F 370 GroBf, Isaac B 54.1 Groff, Martin W all Grube, Daniel H 347 Gruger, Pearson E 278 Gundaker, Jacob 376 Gunzenhauser, Christian 367 Guthrie, T. Parke 248 Guthrie, W. H 653 H Haas, Arnold 497 Halbach, Jacob 632 Halbach, William A 288 Haldeman, Horace L 617 Haldeman, Prof. John H 609 Hall, Edward C 284 Hall, Harry M .582 Hall, Joseph K 530 Harnish, Joseph 122 Harnish, Joseph S 674 Harrison, Benjamm 107 Harrison, William Henry 51 Hart, Frank P 519 Hartley, Henry 337 Hartman, Henry P 571 Haupt, Rev. C Elvin 400 Hayes, Rutherford B 91 Heidlebach, Jacob H 121 Heise, Frederick K 666 Heise, H. H 64o Herr, Capt. Daniel H 560 Herr, Martin L., M. D 608 Hershey Andrew H 567 Hershey, Jacob H 658 Hershey, Milton S 677 Hess, David S 125 Hess, Jacob L.. 230 Hess, John W., M. D 267 Hess, Samuel M 627 Hiemenz, John W 645 Hiestand, B. F 607 Hiestand, Jacob 260 Hiestand, Dr. P. W ,S06 High, John H 43.2 Hildebrand, Jacob 537 Hiller, Peter C 633 Hinden, Frank X 419 Hippie, Cristas A 547 Hoch, William T 382 Hoffman, Michael R 182 Hoffstadt, David C 220 Hopkins, H. C 619 Hostetter, Henry F 637 Hos tetter, Joseph 412 Houston, Robert J 238 Howell, Henry N X9 Hull, Dr. George W 231 Hurst, Michael W.,M. D 553 Ilyus,A.C 548 Ilyus, Edward B., M. D 659 Ingram, John F 488 Iske, Anthony 578 Jackson, Andrew 43 Jefferson, Thomas 27 Jeffries, John J 459 Jeffries, John R 522 Johnson, Andrew 83 Johnson, Kirk 625 Jordan, John H 329 K Kauffman, Christian C 528 Kauffman, David B 228 Kauffman, Harry S 511 Kaul, Rev. Anthony F 152 Kautz, Jacob F 181 Kehler, Henry N 162 Keiper, John M 280 Keller, Emanuel P 196 Keller, John 179 Keller, P. H 235 Kelly, Patrick 294 Kendig, John, Sr 338 Kendig, John B 414 Kendig, Martin D 406 Keogh, Hugh 621 Kevinski, Prof. John B 047 Killian, Augustus D 660 Kinard, George W., M. D 529 Kinard, John W., M. D 373 King, George P., M. D 192 Kinzer, William H. H 662 Kline, Abram 554 Kline, D. Frank, M. D 498 Knapp, Lawrence 583 Knight, Dr. H. D .331 Koch, Jeremiah 527 Konigmacher, Edwin 643 Kreckel, Edward 209 Kreider, Amos S 279 Kreider, Levi L 580 Kreider, Martin 217 Kreiter, John S.,M. D 557 Kunkle,Rev. George O 630 Landis, David 269 Landis, David B... .^ 423 Landis, David B 126 Landis, Henry H 636 Landis, Jacob H 325 Landis, Tobias 378 Lane, Abraham L 590 Lansinger, Prof. John W 631 Lant, William E 475 Lease, Ammon M 191 Lefever, Christian 419 Leibley, John 543 Leslie, Leroy K., M. D 667 Libhart, Jacob 644 Lichliter, Rev. Wm. F 246 Lightner, Isaac N., M. D 559 Liller, Christopher 194 Lincoln, Abraham 79 Lively, Henry 346 Locher, Charles H 446 Loder, Joseph 401 Long, Jacob B 688 Long, Joseph 364 Lowell, William H., M. D 570 Lyte, E. Oram 456 M Madigan, Walter D, 237 Madison, James 31 Mann, Levi H 294 Markel, C. F., M. D 582 Marshall, George A 331 Marshall, James H 252 Marshall, William 334 Martin, Henry 437 Martin, William R 249 Mattern, William 641 Matz, Prof. Carl 439 Mayer, David E 460 .Mayer, Israel P 816 McAllister, Howard C 193 McCallister, Amos 308 McCaskey, J. B., D. D. S 287 McCaskey, Prof. John P 170 M'Comsey, William 507 McCormick, D. R., M. D 461 McCulley, Roberto 327 MoGovern, Col. Edward 262 McGrann, Bernard J .568 McMellen, Capt. Elias 405 McMullen, Hon. D 155 Mehaffey , George W 184 Meister, Rev. Emil 302 INDEX. 689 Mellinger, Henry S.. M. D... .628 Memlnger, Eev. James W. . .393 Mentzer, Allen W 66-t Meyrick, Thomas 341 Miller, DaTid H 600 Miller, Henry 489 Miller, S. Clay 303 Miller, Samuel W., M. D (172 Mishler, John H 399 Mitchell, Kev. James Y 3U Monroe, James 35 Moore, Daniel M W5 Moore, Prot. William W 564 Morrow, Robert M 385 Moss, Solomon R 415 Mowery, Dr. Henry A 508 Mowery, Jacob L., M. D 212 Muhlenberg, H. E., M. D 290 Murray, Charles S 392 Musselman. Christian M 259 Musser, Henry S 678 Musser, John 520 Myers, Abraham R 510 Myers, George M 307 Myers, Henry F., M. D 364 Myers, John B 122 Myers, John H 531 Mylin, Benjamin B 349 Myliu,E»K 291 Mylin, Samuel M A)6 N Nauinan, George ; 295 Netscher, Charles E., U. D. .611 Newell, Charles F 334 Nissly, Samuel 465 Norbeck, George S 293 o Ochs, John 285 Oster.R.S. & Bro 351 Ostertag, John H 520 Owen, George B 512 Owens, Steven J 358 Patterson, Hon. John J 587 Patton, William 662 Pendergast, Thomas 332 Pennock, Miss Anna M 632 Pfeitfer, Frank 217 Pierce, Franklin 71 Polk. James K 69 Pontz, Adam 283 Pontz, Jacob 417 Pontz, John .383 Pontz, John F 286 Pool, Samuel J 275 Potts, Samuel W 549 PowI,EliB 268 Pyne, E.Wesley 274 R Ranck, Hon. George H 5.52 Rathfon, Joseph H 197 Rebman, John 375 Reed, George K 134 Reeder, Milton T., M. D 328 Reemsuyder, B. J., M. D 165 Reinoehl, Augustus F 176 Rettew, David S 311 Riddle, William 600 Eieker, Frank A 502 Rieker, Jacob 271 Rife, Jeremiah 422 Roatb, Hon. Emanuel D 496 Robottora, Rev. Percy J 395 Rohr, George 657 Rohrer, Abraham 679 Rohrer, Amos N ,544 Rohrer, Henry 215 Rohrer, Henry D 322 Rohrer, Maj. Jeremiah 256 Rote, Amos C 387 Rote, Samuel F 394 Rudy, Philip 361 Russ, George 232 Ryan, Isaac H 420 Schaefer, William 223 Schaum, John P 147 Scheetz, Abraham 339 •Schiedt, Prof . Richard C ...626 Schmidt, Rev. Francis X 203 Schnader, Reuben K .366 Schultz, Alexander 479 Schum, John E 350 Setdomridge. Kobert C 363 Seldomridge, Samuel M 499 Sener, J. Frederick 436 Sensenig, Levi 391 Shank, Aaron B 344 Shaub, Elmer K 571 Shaub, Samuel 430 Sheaffer, Martin R 542 Shenck, Abraham H 533 Shenk, David H., M. D 291 Shertzer, Truman D 441 Shirk, H. S 666 Shissler, Simon 360 Shulmyer, George 218 Shultz, Rev. Charles B 485 Skiles, John D 1.51 Smeltz, Hon. Edwin S 297 Smith, Hon. A. Herr ....131 Smith, Albert 455 Smith, Dr. D. Sherman 195 Smith, Eugene G G42 Smith, Jacobs 3,59 Smith, William J 534 Smith, Hon. WinfleldS 5.58 Suavely, Abram B 229 Snyder, Edwin E ('.55 Snyder,Hon. Elim G 377 Snyder, Prof. E. Lamlis 410 Snyder, William D 158 Speirs, James. . . .' 476 Spoo, Jacob 236 Sprecher, William D 416 Sprigel, J. Leonard 309 Spurrier, Abbott K 448 Stahr, John S., Ph. D., D. D. .682 Stauffer, Abraham C 221 Stauffer, Benjamin R 603 Stauffer, H. S 611 Stauffer, John F 163 Stauffer. Capt. W. D 434 Steh man, Tobias 269 Steigerwalt, Michael F 379 Steigerwalt, Samuel C 327 Steinmetz, Hon.J. L 143 Stevens, Thaddeus 120 Stewart, James 482 Stirk, Isaac 128 Stouer, Jacob C 538 Stormfeltz, William L 388 Strickler, Cyrus W 289 Sutton, Franklin 251 Swan, Milton G 487 Swarr, Reuben P 221 Symington, James S 233 Taylor, Zachary 63 Thomas, Abraham L 4,33 Tborbahn, Prof . J. F. C 298 Tripple, George A 276 Tripple, William W...: 2,34 Trost, Henry R 4S9 Trout, Harry L 232 Tyler, John 55 u Urban, B. F. W., M. D 472 Van Buren, Martin 47 Villee, Adolphus S 458 w Waitz, William 370 Warner, James H 663 Washington, George 19 Weaver, Samuel L 538 Weidler, Carpenter, M. D 679 Weidman, John Y 602 Welchans, George R., M. D..478 Wenditz, Theodore 521 Westerman, Henry 491 Westerman, John 648 Wickersh.am, J. Harold 471 Wickersham, Dr. James P. ..469 Widmyer, J. Harry 273 Wilson, Mrs. M. E., M. D 650 Wirth, William P 224 Wise, Christian 57.1 Wise, John V 577 Witmer, Jacob R 544 Wohlsen, Herman F 492 Wohlsen, Peter N 367 Wohlsen, William 345 Wood, William A 301 Wright, Capt. John L 480 Wright, Samuel M 320 Yocum, Maj. Joseph W 164 Young, Gotlieb .523 Young, Henry C 604 Young, John H 636 Zech, Charles 593 Ziegler, Francis X 488 Ziegler, William J 312 Zigler, Amos 524 Zook.J. Gust 501 Zook, Joseph S 424 Zook, Morris 214 Zortman, Charles E 393 (§}§) i*+*+****; Adams, John 2'2 Adams, John Q 38 Arthur, Chester A 93 Bausman, Jacob 116 Bomberger, Henry 226 Bookmyer, Edwin 188 Brosms, Hon. Marriott MO Buchanan, James 74 Bucher, Frederick 318 Buehrle, Robert K 168 Burger, John A -126 Cleveland, S. Grover 102 Engle, Henry M 444 Fillmore, Millard 66 Forstburg, John G 254 Frey, Jacob L IM Garfield, James A 94 Geist, J. M. W 206 Gerhart, Rev. E. V., D. D. ...516 Gerhart, Henry 408 Grant, U.S 86 Harrison, Benjamm 106 Harrison, W. H .50 Hartley, Henry 336 Hayes, Rutherford B 90 Hershey, Andrew H 566 Hiestand, B. F 606 Hildebrand, Jacob 536 Jackson, Andrew 42 Jefferson, Thomas 26 Johnson, Andrew 82 Johnson, Kirk 624 Keller, John 178 Kinard, John W., M. D 372 Koch, Jeremiah 526 Kreider, Martm 216 Kreiter, John S. , M. D .5.56 Lant, William E 474 Lincoln, Abraham 78 Madison, James 30 Monroe, James 3-1 Nissly, Samuel 464 Patterson, Hon. John J 586 Pierce, Franklin 70 Polk, J. K 58 Rieker, Frank A 504 Rohrer, Henry 244 Sensenig, Levi 390 Shultz, Rev. Charles B 484 Skiles, John D 150 Smith, Hon. A. Herr 130 Taylor, Zachary 62 Tyler, John 54 Van Buren, Martin 46 Washington, George 18 Wood, William A 300 ^■iS$JTERLiBRAr. .■ L:) MAR 1 7 1983 Fc DUE TIVO WEEKS FROM D.U- : : RECD ID-URl gECl MAY 6 1983 JECEia l7t» c/: LL IS UPI 315 (I t UCLA-Young Research Library F157.L2 P83 L 009 582 620 2 F 157 L2P83 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY D 001 124 090 Pliiii ■• Ill ll !![:,,iil;;ii!lii llifi s! ill