vOj^* 
 
 vN^^' 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 University of California. 
 
 GIFT OF 
 
 Ti.^". CJbuvvv\i>-ou r^ Ct/^vwx^'t/ua. 
 
 Class 
 
I. ^ 
 
 A PLE DGE 
 
 OF 
 
 INTEfiMTIONAL FRIENDSHIP. 
 
 AN ACCOUNT 
 
 OF A 
 
 week's entertainment in LONDON OF THE DELEGATION FROM 
 THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF NEW- YORK 
 BY THE LONDON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, INCLUDING THE 
 RECEPTION BY THEIR MAJESTIES THE KING AND QUEEN AT 
 WINDSOR CASTLE ; THE RECEPTION BY THE AMERICAN 
 AMBASSADOR ; THE BANQUET AT GROCERS' HALL ; THE 
 RECEPTION BY LORD BRASSEY ; THE RECEPTION BY THE 
 LORD MAYOR AT THE MANSION HOUSE AND THE LUNCHEON 
 AT SALTERS' HALL. 
 
 June 1st to 7th, 1901 
 
 ' - o rne ^ 'N 
 or ^ ^ / 
 
 Wit)j the Compliments ^ 
 GEORGE WrLSOf4, 
 Secretary. 
 
^^"i 
 
 A'^-^ 
 
 ^. 
 
 ,n- 
 
 Press or the Chamber of Commbrcb. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Pagb 
 
 Part- ATOHf" Note, 3 
 
 The Rkckption at Windsok Castle, 14 
 
 CONFEEENCE BETWEEN THE DELEGATES OF THE NeW-ToRK CHAM- 
 BER OF Commerce and the Reception Committee of the 
 London Chamber of Commerce, . . ... .18 
 
 18 
 23 
 71 
 71 
 
 Reception by the American Ambassador, . 
 
 The Banquet by the London Chamber of Commerce, 
 
 Reception by Lord Brassey, 
 
 Reception by the Lord Mayor at the Mansion House, 
 Luncheon by the London Chamber of Commerce at Salters' 
 Hall. 77 
 
 r^4G()9 
 
PREFATORY NOTE 
 
 The interchange of expressions of international good- 
 will, of which the following pages present a record, was 
 the outward and visible manifestation of the growing 
 feeling of community of interest between the two great 
 divisions of English-speaking people. There have been 
 no more assiduous or influential exponents of that feel- 
 ing than the Chambers of Commerce of London and 
 New- York. When the diplomatic relations between 
 the United Kingdom and the United States became 
 somewhat strained, because of a difference of opinion 
 in regard to the boundary line of Venezuela, the Lon- 
 don Chamber appealed to the New- York Chamber to 
 use its good offices in the cause of a peaceful solution 
 of the difficulty. The call was responded to in a way 
 which appears to have made a lasting impression. Ac- 
 cording to Lord Brassey it was the desire to mark 
 their deep sense of the service thus rendered that 
 prompted the Council of the London Chamber to send 
 the invitation which resulted in the series of entertain- 
 ments of which an account is here presented. 
 
It would be difficult to exaggerate the value of the 
 sentiments of friendship which this week of hospitality- 
 evoked. The very gracious reception accorded to the 
 delegates from New- York by their Majesties, the King 
 and Queen, was a fitting prelude to the manifestations 
 of good feeling which followed it, and the ^King him- 
 self struck the keynote of many speeches of welcome 
 by recognizing that the presence in England of such a 
 representative body of American business men was 
 highly significant of the close and friendly relations ex- 
 isting between the two countries, no less than of a desire 
 on both sides to make them more intimate. The Mar- 
 quis of Lansdowne, the Secretary of State for Foreign 
 Affairs, expressed, in his speech at the banquet, a feel- 
 ing whose sincerity was fully impressed on the dele- 
 gates during their stay in London, when he said that it 
 was difficult to think of the relations of his country 
 with the United States of America as foreign relations. 
 Lord Bkassey, the President of the London Chamber, 
 could think of no nobler cause to engage the efforts of 
 the statesman, the man of business, the man of letters, 
 of citizens of all classes, than that of binding the 
 United States and Great Britain closer in the bonds of 
 kindly sentiment. Lord Avebuey, President of the 
 Association of Chambers of Commerce of the United 
 Kingdom, claimed that commerce is, after all, the great 
 peacemaker of the world, "binding us all together in 
 
links of gold ;" and, in speaking to the toast of '* Our 
 Kin Beyond the Sea," Lord Alverstone, Lord Chief - 
 Justice of England, paid a tribute to the warmth of 
 welcome extended to Englishmen in the United States 
 — "a welcome that convinces you there is something 
 more than the mere skin deep hospitality which some 
 people think is the only thing necessary to bind people 
 together." 
 
 The spokesmen of the visiting delegation rang the 
 changes on the dominant theme in a way that com- 
 manded the attention not only of their hearers, but also 
 of the people and press of both hemispheres. Mr. 
 Jesup's heartfelt acknowledgment of the reception 
 given to him and his associates was very thoroughly 
 appreciated, and he awakened a sympathetic response 
 when, disclaiming all jealous rivalry between the two 
 nations, he added : " Banding ourselves together hand in 
 hand, shoulder to shoulder, heart beating with heart, let 
 us emulate one another, endeavoring to extend to the 
 ends of the earth the blessings of our civil and religious 
 liberty, to tell the world of the holy brotherhood of 
 man." Mr. Higgins struck a responsive chord when 
 he referred to the graciousness of the reception ac- 
 corded the delegates by the King and Queen, and to 
 "its freedom from all restraints of cold etiquette, its 
 unmistakable cordiality and friendship." A special 
 meed of applause was given to the closing words of the 
 
6 
 
 speech of Mr. Hepburn at the banquet : " With par- 
 allel boundaries and parallel interests, with kindred 
 ties and kindred institutions, with united purpose and 
 united power, we will, as we contend in harmony for 
 primacy in trade, strive also for the uplifting of human- 
 ity and the proper solution of those great economic and 
 social problems that must ever confront a government 
 of a great people." On the same exalted plane of sen- 
 timent were the remarks of Mr. Carnegie, to the effect 
 that no statesman or body of statesmen could bring 
 about a war between the two branches of the race with- 
 out dishonor, and his aspiration that "the day is com- 
 ing when patriotism of race will arise, not to supplant 
 that precious sentiment, patriotism in any country, but 
 to supplement it, to extend it, and to dignify it, and 
 make it something of which our race will be prouder 
 than of any other victory it has ever obtained." Mr. 
 Griscom cited a most impressive evidence of the 
 ties of kinship existing between the two peoples by 
 telling how, shortly after the cable had announced the 
 sad tidings of the death of the Queen, he was walking 
 by our Independence Hall, from whose steps was read 
 the Declaration of Independence, and found the Ameri- 
 can flag on the spire flying at half mast, " a spontaneous 
 act of affection and respect more significant from that 
 spire than any other." He was loudly applauded when 
 he added that it was such affection and respect, stronger 
 
than treaties, which ensured the progress of the civiliza- 
 tion of the world. 
 
 The tone of earnestness and deep feeling which per- 
 vaded all the speeches made at the banquet, at the Lord 
 Mayor's reception and the luncheon at Salters' Hall, 
 was not lost on the public on either side of the Atlantic. 
 The amplitude and detail of the cable reports of all the 
 incidents of the visit were fully equalled by the copious 
 comments of the American press on its international 
 significance. With a few not very noiable exceptions, 
 these comments were in a vein generously appreciative 
 of the spirit which had animated both hosts and guests. 
 That the events of the last few years have drawn both 
 countries closer to each other was fully exemplified in 
 the almost entire absence of ill-natured criticism from 
 the editorial treatment of the subject by newspapers of 
 all shades of opinion here, and by the extreme cordi- 
 ality manifested by the press of Great Britain and its 
 colonies and dependencies toward the central idea of the 
 week of international fraternization. The newspapers 
 of British India devoted columns to full reports of the 
 banquet and the other functions, and the Canadian and 
 Australian press were equally prompt to give them the 
 stamp of pre-eminent public interest. It was truly one 
 of the notable victories of peace at which the delega- 
 tion from the Chamber of Commerce of the State of 
 New-York assisted in their memorable visit to London, 
 
as the guests of a body which allows no opportunity to 
 pass of manifesting its deep interest in the cultivation 
 of friendly relations between the United States and the 
 United Kingdom, and of rejoicing at the many evi- 
 dences which have been afforded of the growth of more 
 cordial and closer relations between the governments of 
 both countries. 
 
 As a fitting sequel to the interchange of courtesies 
 herein recorded, Mr. Jesup took occasion, on behalf of 
 the New- York Chamber of Commerce, to extend to 
 Lord Brassey and his associates a most cordial invita- 
 tion to be with us in a year from now, and witness, with 
 us, the opening of our new building. The ceremonies 
 attendant on that occasion would unquestionably derive 
 new interest from participation in them by representa- 
 tives of the London Chamber, and the cause of inter- 
 national amity can hardly fail to derive new strength 
 from this much desired visit. 
 
 Chamber of Commerce, 
 New- York, October 'dlst, 1901. 
 
A PLEDGE 
 
 INTERNATIONAL FRIENDSHIP. 
 
 When in the year 1770 John Ckugeb, President of a 
 Society of Merchants in the City of New- York, pre- 
 sented on their behalf to Cadwallader Colden, the 
 Lieutenant-Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the 
 Province of New- York, a petition praying that the 
 Society might be incorporated as a body politic, he 
 declared himself and his associates to be "sensible that 
 numberless inestimable benefits have accrued to man- 
 kind from commerce ; that they are, in proportion to 
 their greater or lesser application to it, more or less 
 opulent and potent in all countries ; and that the 
 enlargement of trade will vastly increase the value of 
 real estates as well as the general opulence of our said 
 colony." Among the benefits which these petitioners 
 had in mind there was, doubtless, the promotion of 
 international peace and good will, no less than of " the 
 commercial, and, consequently, the landed interests of 
 our said growing colony." But being prudent,as well as 
 practical men, they did not seek to transcend the com- 
 paratively humble role assigned by the Royal Charter to 
 
10 
 
 "The Corporation of the Chamber of Commerce in the 
 City of New- York in America " of " an institution from 
 whence great advantages may arise, as well to our king- 
 dom of Great Britain as to our said province." About the 
 last thing that could have occurred to His Majesty GtEOEGE 
 the Third, when he expressed his willingness to further, 
 in the matter of this charter, '' the laudable designs of 
 our said loving subjects," was that officers and members 
 of the institution then and thus founded should be 
 welcomed by his great grandson as representatives of 
 the trade and finance of a vast and powerful Republic, 
 known as the United States of America. Still less 
 could he, or any one of that generation, have foreseen 
 that in the not distant future the strength and pros- 
 perity of the British Empire should be so closely 
 identified with the good will of the nation which had 
 sprung from the revolt of the colonies that the London 
 Chamber of Commerce was moved to urge upon the 
 British Government, "the desirability of utilizing every 
 opportunity which may present itself for co-operation 
 with, the Government of the United States, which would 
 powerfully conduce to the maintenance of a feeling of 
 security for the vast commercial and financial connec- 
 tions of the two nations." 
 
 By way of showing how fully impressed they were 
 with the necessity of promoting friendly relations 
 between the United Kingdom and the United States, 
 the Council of the London Chamber resolved, in May, 
 1899, to invite a delegation of the New- York Chamber 
 to a dinner to take place on a day to be fixed to suit 
 the convenience of their guests. The invitation was 
 cordially accepted by a resolution adopted by the 
 
11 
 
 Chamber at the meeting of June 1st, 1899, and tbe 
 arrangements were left to its Executive Committee "in 
 consultation with our host." Pre-occupation on one 
 side in regard to the war in South Africa, and on the 
 other with the issues of the Presidential election, pre- 
 vented the selection of the year 1900 for the pro- 
 posed visit. After some correspondence, the date of 
 June fith, 1901, was finally chosen for the dinner, it 
 being understood that other social events before and 
 after this date should be arranged for by the London 
 Chamber. The programme finally resolved itself into 
 a week of continuous festivity, beginning with June 1st 
 and ending with June 7th. The following gentlemen 
 were designated to represent the Chamber of Commerce 
 of the State of New- York : 
 
 Mr. MoEEis K. Jesup, President of the Chamber. 
 
 Hon. Levi P. Morton, Ex- Vice-President of the 
 United States and Vice-President of the Chamber. 
 
 Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss, Ex-Secretary of the 
 Interior of the United States. 
 
 Mr. J. PiERPONT Morgan, Vice-President of the 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Andrew Carnegie, Vice-President of the 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. John T. Terry, Vice-President of the Chamber. 
 
 Mr. George Wilson, Secretary of the Chamber. 
 
 Mr. IsiDOR Straus. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. Schieren. 
 
 Mr. William Butler Duncan. 
 
 Mr. Clement A. Griscom. 
 
 Mr. Charles Lanier. 
 
12 
 
 Mr. James Speyer. 
 
 Mr. A. Foster Higgins. 
 
 Mr. Eugene Delaito. 
 
 Mr. A. Barton Hepburn. 
 
 Mr. John I. Waterbury. 
 
 Mr. Levi C. Weir. 
 
 Mr. William H. Parsons. 
 
 Mr. James McCreery. 
 
 Mr. George G-ray Ward. 
 
 Mr. James W. Pinohot. 
 
 Mr. Vernon H. Brown. 
 
 Mr. Francis R. Appleton. 
 
 Mr. Clarence Gary. 
 
 Mr. J. PiERPONT Morgan, Jr. 
 
 Mr. George S. Bowdoin. 
 
 Mr. William Bayard Cutting. 
 
 On the part of the London Chamber, the following 
 influential and representative Committee was appointed 
 for the reception of the American visitors : 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Brassey, K. C. B., President of 
 the London Chamber, Chairman. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Rothschild. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Avebury. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Revelstoke. 
 
 The Ri^ht Hon. Lord Hillingdon. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. The Lord Mayor. 
 
 Alderman Sir Joseph Dimsdale, M. P. 
 
 Sir Albert K. Rollit, M. P., Vice-President of 
 London Chamber. 
 
 Dr. Walter Leaf, Vice-President of London Cham- 
 ber. 
 
13 
 
 Mr. W. H. WiLLANS, Vice-President of London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. J. H. Tritton, Vice-President of London Cham- 
 ber. 
 
 Major S. Flood Page, Member of Council of London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Charles Chableton, Member of Council of 
 London Chamber. 
 
 Lieutenant-General J. Wimburn-Laueie, M. P., 
 Member of Council of London Chamber. 
 
 Sir Vincent Kennett-Bareington, Member of 
 Council of London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. John J. Jackson, Member of Council of London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Albert Spicer, Member of Council of London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. GrEOEGE N. Hooper, Member of Council of 
 London Chamber. 
 
 The Hon. Alban Gr. H. Gtibbs, M. P., Member of 
 Council of London Chamber. 
 
 Sir Christopher Furness, Bart., M. P. 
 
 Sir Thomas J. Lipton. 
 
 Mr. J. Denison-Pendeb. 
 
 Mr. Albert Gr. Sandeman, Past-President of London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Thomas P. Black well. Chairman of Council of 
 London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. J. Innes Rogers, Deputy Chairman];of Council 
 of London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. W. Beoket Hill, Member of Council of^London 
 Chamber. 
 
14 
 
 Mr. John S. Gilliat, Member of Council of London 
 Chamber. 
 Mr. S. Hope Morley. 
 Colonel HuNSiKER. 
 Mr. H. S. Wellcome. 
 Mr. Clintoit Dawkins. 
 Mr. M. P. Grace. 
 
 Mr. Alex. Hargreaves Brown, M. P. 
 Mr. Frank Johnston. 
 Mr. P. O. Schuster. 
 Mr. Charles A. Hanson. 
 Mr. E. Speyer. 
 Mr. C. Seton Lindsay. 
 Mr. J. H. Seaverns. 
 Mr. Murray Marshall. 
 
 THE RECEPTION AT WINDSOR CASTLE. 
 
 The first of the notable events of a week of hos- 
 pitality, most admirably arranged by this Committee, 
 was the reception accorded to the Delegates of the 
 Chamber by their Majesties, the King and Queen, at 
 Windsor Castle, on Saturday, June 1st. As the Court 
 was in mourning for Her late Majesty Queen Victoria, 
 this function was, necessarily, regarded as strictly pri- 
 vate, and the party was confined to the representatives 
 of the Chamber and those designated by their hosts 
 to accompany them. The latter consisted of the Rt. 
 Hon. Lord Brassey, Mr. Albert G. Sandeman and 
 Mr. Kenric B. Murray, the President, Past- President 
 and Secretary respectively of the London Chamber. 
 
15 
 
 The Delegates from the New- York Chamber present 
 were: 
 
 Mr. MoEEis K. Jesup. 
 
 Hon. Levi P. Moeton. 
 
 Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss. 
 
 Mr. J. PiERPONT Morgan. 
 
 Mr. John T. Terry. 
 
 Mr. George Wilson. 
 
 Mr. IsiDOR Straus. 
 
 Mr. William Butler Duncan. 
 
 Mr. James Speyer. 
 
 Mr. A. Foster Higgins. 
 
 Mr. Eugene Delano. 
 
 Mr. A. Barton Hepburn. 
 
 Mr. John I. Waterburt. 
 
 Mr. Levi C. Weir. 
 
 Mr. William H. Parsons. 
 
 Mr. James McCreery. 
 
 Mr. George Gray Ward. 
 
 Mr. James W. Pinchot. 
 
 Mr. Yernon H. Brown. 
 
 Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan, Jr. 
 
 Mr. George S. Bowdoin. 
 
 Mr. William Bayard Cutting. 
 
 The party arrived at Windsor shortly after three 
 o'clock, and were received at the station on behalf of 
 his Majesty, by Lord Edward Pelham Clinton. 
 Carriages were in waiting for the visitors, under the 
 personal charge of Mr. D. Hickey, Superintendent of 
 the Royal Mews, and entering these they were driven 
 through the town by way of the Long Walk of 
 
16 
 
 Windsor Great Park to the grounds at Frogmore. 
 They then went direct to the Royal Mausoleum, where 
 Lord Farquhar, the Master of the Household, met 
 them on behalf of his Majesty, and showed them the 
 Interior of the building with the tomb of Queen 
 Victoria and the Prince Consort. The visitors in- 
 spected with reverent interest the great collection of 
 the still preserved wreaths and other floral tributes sent 
 for the funeral of the late Queen, and took special 
 notice of those offerings which came from different 
 colonies and dependencies of the Empire. 
 
 On leaving the Mausoleum the party re-entered the 
 carriages and were driven to the Castle, whence they 
 were taken to St. George's Chapel. Here they were 
 joined by the Dean of Windsor, who acted as guide. 
 They were much impressed by the beauties of the 
 interior of St. George's, but still more by those of the 
 Albert Memorial Chapel, where lie the remains of the 
 late Duke of Clarence, the King's eldest son, and the 
 late Duke of Albany. Permission to inspect the 
 Memorial Chapel is a privilege which is rarely accorded. 
 
 This inspection over, the Delegates were conducted 
 to the East Terrace, where they waited a few minutes 
 while Lord Edward Peliiam Clinton went to the 
 Drawing Room to announce their presence to the King 
 and Queen. Their Majesties came out on the Terrace 
 to greet them, attended by the Earl of Kintore, Lord- 
 in- Waiting, and other officers and members of the Royal 
 household. With their Majesties were the Princess 
 Victoria and the three cliildren of the Duke and 
 Duchess of Cornwall, one of whom the Queen led by 
 the hand. The guests uncovered while Lord Kintore 
 
17 
 
 presented them individually to their Majesties, the 
 King raising his hat to each Delegate as his name was 
 announced. The King and Queen then shook hands in 
 turn with each visitor, and this part of the ceremony- 
 over, hats were resumed, and the King and Queen 
 chatted affably and graciously with their guests. After 
 a quarter of an hour or so of conversation, their 
 Majesties bade farewell to the visitors and withdrew to 
 the Upper Terrace, The King wished it to be under- 
 stood that he regarded the presence in England of such 
 a representative body of American business men as 
 highly significant of the close and friendly relations 
 existing between the two countries, and in furtherance 
 of that feeling, he expressed his delight at being able 
 to welcomfe them to his Castle and make their acquain- 
 tance. 
 
 The visitors were then taken to the Orangery, where 
 light refreshments were served, before they proceeded 
 to view some of those apartments of the Royal residence 
 which were not in the hands of workmen. They were 
 shown over the great gallery with its suits of armor and 
 ancient implements of warfare, the Queen Elizabeth 
 Room, the Picture Gallery, with its priceless Van 
 Dykes, the Drawing Room and the Library. At the 
 conclusion of a most interesting and highly enjoyable 
 visit, the party were driven back to the station accom- 
 panied by Lord Edward Pelham Clinton and Lord 
 Farquhab, where they took the six o'clock train for 
 London. 
 
18 
 
 CONFERENCE BETWEEN THE DELEGATES AND THE RECEP- 
 TION COMMITTEE. 
 
 Ou the evening of Monday, June 3rd, between the 
 hours of ten and twelve, an informal conference took 
 place between the Delegates of the New- York Chamber 
 and the Reception Committee of the London Chamber, at 
 Claeidge's Hotel. An opportunity was thus afforded 
 for the members of the two bodies to become personally 
 acquainted, and to exchange views in regard to matters 
 of common interest. 
 
 RECEPTION BY THE AMERICAN AMBASSADOR. 
 
 On Tuesday, June 4th, the Hon. Joseph H. Choate, 
 the American Ambassador, gave an official reception 
 to the Delegates, at his residence, 1 Carlton House Ter- 
 race, S. W., between ten and twelve, P. M. The King 
 was represented by the Earl of Suffield, K. C. B., 
 G". C. V. O., and in addition to the representatives of 
 the New- York Chamber and the members of the 
 Reception Committee of the London Chamber, the 
 following brilliant assemblage of notabilities were 
 present to do honor to the occasion : 
 
 The Spanish Ambassador. 
 
 The Turkish Ambassador. 
 
 The Chinese Minister. 
 
 The Bolivian Minister. 
 
 The Siamese Minister. 
 
 The Austro-Hungarian Minister. 
 
 The Swiss Minister. 
 
 The Colombian Minister. 
 
19 
 
 The Archbishop of Westminster. 
 
 The Bishop of Rochester. 
 
 The Bishop of Winchester. 
 
 The Archdeacon of London. 
 
 The Duke of Portland. 
 
 The Duke of Abercorn. 
 
 The Marquis of Tweedale. 
 
 The Earl of Kintore. 
 
 Earl Egerton. 
 
 Earl Gtrey. 
 
 The Earl of Jersey. 
 
 The Earl of Rosse. 
 
 The Earl of Meath. 
 
 Earl Cawdor. 
 
 Earl Spencer. 
 
 The Earl of Suffield. 
 
 Viscount Llandaff. 
 
 Viscount Cross. 
 
 Viscount Cranborne. 
 
 Lord Lawrence. 
 
 Lord Coventry. 
 
 Lord Stamford. 
 
 Lord Morris and Killanin. 
 
 Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal. 
 
 Lord Dundonald. 
 
 Lord Davey. 
 
 Lord Middleton. 
 
 Lord Disart. 
 
 Lord Stanhope. 
 
 Lord Mount Stephen. 
 
 Lord Eustace Cecil. 
 
 Lord Hawkesbury. 
 
20 
 
 Lord BURGHOLERE. 
 
 Lord Pembroke. 
 
 Lord Inverclyde. 
 
 Lord DuNCANNON. 
 
 Lord Ludlow. 
 
 Lord Elcho. 
 
 Lord Kelvin. 
 
 Admiral Sir H. STEVENSOisr, R. N. 
 
 Rear Admiral Henry Erben, U. S. N. 
 
 The Lord Chief Justice. 
 
 Mr. Justice Channell. 
 
 Mr. Justice Collins. 
 
 Mr. Justice GtRANtham. 
 
 Mr. Justice Kennedy. 
 
 Mr. Justice Darling. 
 
 Colonel Sir Edward Ward. 
 
 Sir Halliday Macartney. 
 
 Sir Michael Foster. 
 
 Sir Edward Bradford. 
 
 Sir George Murray. 
 
 Sir Francis Jeune. 
 
 Sir Edward Tousley. 
 
 Sir Edward Gully. 
 
 Sir Sydney Waterlow. 
 
 Sir William R. Austen. 
 
 Sir Franklin Lushington. 
 
 Sir John H. Puleston. 
 
 Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema. 
 
 Sir George Hayter Chubb. 
 
 General Osborne. 
 
 Colonel H. M. Hoziee. 
 
 Colonel Dyson Laurie. 
 
21 
 
 Captain A. S. Thompson. • 
 
 Commander Clover. " ' ^ 
 
 Hon. Sir James Mathew. 
 
 Hon. CiiAELES Lawrence. 
 
 The Hon. Lyulph Stanley. 
 
 Sir William Martin Conway. 
 
 Sir Edward Sassoon. 
 
 Sir Weetman D. Pierson, M. P. 
 
 Sir H. Seymour King, M. P. 
 
 Sir Richard Temple. 
 
 Sir William Broadbent. 
 
 Sir Richard Wyatt. 
 
 Sir Squire Bancroft. 
 
 Sir Andrew N. Agnew, M. P. 
 
 Sir E. Carson, M. P. 
 
 Sir Edward Thornton. 
 
 Sir F. Pollock. 
 
 Sir G. William des Yoeux. 
 
 Sir Douglas Straight. 
 
 Sir James Stirling. 
 
 Sir George Faudel Phillips. 
 
 Colonel Sir C. E. Howard Vincent, M. P. 
 
 Colonel Sir William Colville. 
 
 Major-General Sir John Ardagh. 
 
 General Russell A. Alger. 
 
 Sir Martin Gosselin. 
 
 Sir Spencer Walpole. 
 
 Sir Edward Fry. 
 
 Sir K. DiGBY. 
 
 Sir George S. Robertson. 
 
 Sir George Lewis. 
 
 Sir Harry Poland. 
 
Sir Hiram Maxim. 
 
 Sir R. Vaughan Williams. 
 
 Sir James Blyth. 
 
 Sir Heney Fowleh. 
 
 Sir John Bingham. 
 
 Sir Philip Burne-Jones. 
 
 Mr. J. K. J. HiCHENS. 
 
 The Deputy-Chairman of the Stock Exchange. 
 
 The Chairman London Joint Stock Bank. 
 
 Mr. Henry White, Secretary American Embassy. 
 
 Mr. Thomas L. Field. 
 
 Mr. J. Morgan Richards. 
 
 Maitre Labori. 
 
 Mr. Lionel Cast. 
 
 Mr. A. L. Jones. 
 
 Mr. BURDETT-COUTTS, M. P. 
 
 Dr. Walter Leaf. 
 
 Mr. S. B. Boulton. 
 
 Mr. George H. Dick. 
 
 Mr. John Cutler. 
 
 Mr. William Blake Odgers. ' 
 
 Mr. Val. C. Peincep. 
 
 Mr. E. Q. Weigall. 
 
 Mr. Cecil B. Harms worth. 
 
 Mr. J. Annan Price. 
 
 Mr. Bram Stoker. 
 
 Mr. Indeewent. 
 
 Mr. SwANZY. 
 
 Mr. Frederick Verney. 
 
 Mr. Isaac Seligman. 
 
_ THE BANQUET. 
 
 The banquet took place on Wednesday evening, June 
 5tli, 1901, at Grocers' Hall, Princes Street, E. C, by the 
 kind permission of the Worshipful Company of Grocers, 
 of which Mr. Mukeay Maeshall is the Master. Com- 
 pared with the New- York Chamber, the London Cham- 
 ber of Commerce is of comparatively recent date — a 
 fact largely due to the existence of the ancient trade 
 and merchant guilds to whose hands the interests of 
 industry and commerce were, for many centuries, com- 
 mitted in the City of London. Of these great Com- 
 panies that of the Grocers is the most ancient, save 
 one. It was established in 1345, and it exercised for 
 many generations a powerful influence over the traders 
 whom it represented. Practically, from the time of 
 Edward III., from whose hands it received its Charter 
 a century before America was discovered, down to the 
 earlier Yictoeian age, the interests of a large and 
 important part of the commercial community of the 
 country were under the governing care of this Com- 
 pany ; but, like other institutions, the rise and progress 
 of modern methods has relegated its functions to other 
 hands, and its power as a governing body has almost 
 quite disappeared. 
 
 The Hall of the Company, however, unlike the 
 Company itself, is a comparatively modern build- 
 ing, and, probably, on that account unites with 
 its nobleness of dimensions and beauty of structure 
 a large degree of comfort, convenience and general 
 airiness. The reception was held in the main draw- 
 
24 
 
 ijig room, a spacious, frescoed hall, panelled in oak, 
 and upholstered in green and gold satin. Here, 
 amidst a profusion of charming floral decorations, the 
 guests were received by the President of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce, Lord Br asset, and in the short 
 interval before his lordship's arrival by Mr. Albert G. 
 Sandeman, Past-President. Each guest, on arriving in 
 the vestibule, was presented with a most artistically 
 designed toast list, the covers printed in sepia and 
 gold, the front bearing the arms of the City of London 
 and an American emblem, while the back was illus- 
 trated with portraits of King Edward VII and 
 President MoKinley, and views of the Houses of Par- 
 liament, the Capitol at Washington, and St. Paul's 
 Cathedral. A narrow fold of the cover bore a Union 
 Jack, around which were entwined the names of 
 Drake, Frobisher, Watts, Stephenson, Ark weight, 
 Wedgewood and Nasmyth ; and the Stars and Stripes 
 encircled with the names of Columbus, Washington, 
 Franklin, Lincoln and Garfield. 
 
 While the company was assembling it was still 
 doubtful whether the guests who had left New- York 
 the previous week on the St. Paul would arrive in time 
 to participate in the banquet. Before the dinner hour 
 was reached, the arrival of Mr. Clement A. Griscom 
 put an end to any misgivings in regard to the possi- 
 bility of the passengers of the St. Paul being on time. 
 It was nearly half-past four when the American liner 
 arrived at Southampton, and the London and South- 
 western Railway seized the occasion to demonstrate the 
 capacity for speed of its locomotives and the excellence 
 of its permanent way. The visitors were brought from 
 
25 
 
 Southampton to Waterloo Station, a distance of eighty 
 miles, in seventy-live minutes, and were landed in 
 London about ten minutes to six, thus making it 
 possible for them to dress and drive to the City in time 
 to enter the dining hall with the President. 
 
 It was a few minutes past seven when the ancient bell 
 of the old Hall — now swinging in the vestibule of the 
 new building — announced that the dinner was served, 
 and Lord Brassey, accompanied by the Marquis of 
 Lansdowne and the President of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce of the State of New- York, led the way into the 
 picturesque dining room. Covers were laid for over 
 three hundred guests, but it was found necessary to set 
 another table in the breakfast room for those who 
 could not be accommodated in the main hall below. 
 
 On the right of Lord Brasseit, who occupied the 
 Chair, were seated the following : 
 
 The Hon. Joseph H. Choate, Ambassador Extra- 
 ordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States. 
 
 The Right Hon. The Earl of Meath. 
 
 Mr. Morris K. Jesup. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Rothschild. 
 
 The Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Alverstone, G. C. M. Gr., Lord 
 Chief Justice of England. 
 
 Mr. Andrew Carnegie. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Stale ridge. Chairman of the 
 London and Northwestern Railroad Company. 
 
 Mr. John T. Terry. 
 
26 
 
 Mr. J. H. Tritton, Vice-President of the London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. A. Bakton Hepburn. 
 
 Mr. Thomas F. Blaokwell, Chairman of the Council 
 of the London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Clement A. Griscom. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. James Bryce, M. P. 
 
 Mr. Charles Lanier. 
 
 Mr. Murray Marshall, Master of the Worshipful 
 Company of Grocers. 
 
 Rear Admiral Henry Erben, U. S. N. 
 
 Sir Joseph C. Dimsdale, M. P., Alderman, Ex- officio 
 Member of the Council of the London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. James W. Pinchot. 
 
 Mr. Frederick Whinney, Treasurer of the London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. IsiDOR Straus. 
 
 Sir William Huggins, K. C. B., F. R. S., President 
 of the Royal Society, 
 
 Mr. George Gray Ward. 
 
 Mr. A. C. Cole, Director of the Bank of England. 
 
 Sir W. Roberts Austen, President of the Iron and ^ 
 Steel Institute. 
 
 Sir Henry Oakley, Director of the Great Northern 
 Railway Company. 
 
 Mr. J. K. J. Hichens, Chairman of the Stock Ex- 
 change. 
 
 The Hon. R. R. Dobell, Member of the Canadian 
 Government. 
 
 Mr. P. A. B. WiDENER. 
 
 Colonel OsMUN Latrobe. 
 
27 
 
 On the left of the Chairman were : 
 
 The Most Honorable the Marquis of Lansdowne, 
 K.G., G.C.M.e., G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., Secretary of State 
 for Foreign Affairs. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, 
 G. C. M. G., High Commissioner for the Dominion of 
 Canada. 
 
 The Hon. Levi P. Morton. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Avebury, F. R. S., President of 
 the Association of Chambers of Commerce of the United 
 Kingdom and Vice-President of the London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. J. PiERPoNT Morgan. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Hillingdon, President of the 
 Institute of Bankers. 
 
 Mr. William Butler Duncan. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Inverclyde, Deputy Chairman 
 of the Cunard Steamship Company. 
 
 Mr A. Foster Higgins. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord Sandhurst, G.C.S.L, G.C.LE., 
 Director of London and Westminster Bank, Limited. 
 
 Mr. Vernon H. Brown. 
 
 Mr. Albert G. Sandeman, Past-President of the 
 London Chamber and Ex-Governor of the Bank of 
 England. 
 
 Mr. James Speyer. 
 
 Sir Albert K. Rollit, D. C. L., M. P., Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the London Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. Schieren. 
 
 Mr. J. Innes Rogers, Deputy Chairman of the 
 Council of the London Chamber. 
 
28 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Jesse Collings, M. P., Under Secre- 
 tary of State for the Home Department and President 
 of the Birmingham Chamber. 
 
 The Kt. Hon, William J. Pierie. 
 
 Dr. Walter Leaf, Vice-President of the London 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Levi C. Weir. 
 
 Sir Christopher Furness, Bart., M. P., Member of 
 the Reception Committee. 
 
 Mr. James McCreery. 
 
 Sir G. William des Yoeux, Gr. C. M. Gt. 
 
 Mr. John I Waterbury. 
 
 Sir John H. Puleston. 
 
 General Russell A. Alger. 
 
 Mr. Alfred L. Jones, President of the Liverpool 
 Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Francis R. Appleton. 
 
 Mr. George Handasyde Dick, President of the 
 Glasgow Chamber. 
 
 Mr. Clarence Cary. 
 
 Mr. George Wilson. 
 
 Mr. R. V. SoMERS Smith, Clerk of the Worshipful 
 Company of Grocers. 
 
 Mr. William Bayard Cutting. 
 
 Mr. William H. Parsons. 
 
 Mr. George S. Bowdoin. 
 
 Mr. J. PiERPONT Morgan, Jr. 
 
 Mr. Eugene Delano. 
 
 Mr. Henry White, Secretary of the American Em- 
 bassy. 
 
29 
 
 As a testimony to the importance of the occasion, the 
 Worshipful Company of Grocers had installed in an 
 alcove immediately behind the Chairman, their magnifi- 
 cent collection of gold plate. A lavish display of pink 
 and red roses formed the decoration of the tables. Dur- 
 ing the course of the dinner many ladies were enter- 
 tained in the rooms on the upper floor with light 
 refreshments, and the gallery running round the dining 
 room was thrown open to them a goodly number avail- 
 ing themselves of the opportunity to listen to the 
 speeches. 
 
 The Menu was as follows : 
 
80 
 
 MENU. 
 
 Punch. 
 Sherry. 
 Hock. 
 
 Johannisberg, 1898. 
 
 G. H. Mumm's 1892, 
 Magnums. 
 
 Moet's Dry 
 
 Imperial Cuv6e 36, 
 
 Vintage 1889. 
 
 Port. 
 
 Sandeman's 1875. 
 Royal Tawny. 
 
 Claret. 
 
 Leoville, 1874. 
 Lafitte, 1858. 
 
 Turtle. Clear Turtle. 
 
 Consomm^ k la Windsor. 
 
 Turbans of Lobster a la Munich. 
 
 Salmon a la Marne. 
 
 Whitebait. 
 
 Mousse de Volaille aux Truffes. 
 Cailles en Casserole. 
 
 §ljenxjcrwjes. 
 
 Baron of Beef. 
 
 Quarters of Lamb. 
 
 Asparagus. 
 
 Ortolans. 
 
 Ham and Salad. 
 
 Macedoine of Fruits. 
 
 Maids of Honor. 
 Maraschino Jellies. 
 
 Bombes du Roi. 
 Crotltes h la Nabob. 
 
 Dessert. 
 
 Ices. 
 
 Etc. 
 
31 
 
 The following is the list of toasts : 
 TOASTS. 
 
 To Propose - The Chairman, The Right Hon. Lord Brassey, 
 
 K.C.B. 
 Pretident of the London Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 JM»t ver»9 of the British National Anthem. 
 
 " Thy choicest gifts in store. 
 On him be pleased to ponr. 
 Long may he reign ; 
 May he defend oar laws. 
 And ever give us cause. 
 To sing with heart and voice 
 * God save the King.' " 
 
 To Propose - - The Most Hon. the Marquis op Lansdownb, 
 
 K.G., G.C.M.G.. G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E. 
 
 Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. 
 
 Firet verse of the Atneriean National Anthem. 
 
 " My country I 't is of thee. 
 Sweet land of liberty. 
 Of thee I sing ; 
 Land where my fathers died ! 
 Land of the pilgrim's pride I 
 From every mountain side 
 Let freedom ring 1 " 
 
 ®uv "^vituiXs of thz ^UKttibzx of &ovtxnxzxM 
 of thz MUtz of W^zw^'^oKh, 
 
 To Propose - - The Chairman. 
 
 To Respond Morris K. Jesup, Esq. 
 
 Pretident of the Chamber of Commerce qf the State qf New-Tork, 
 
 ^oxaxazx&z ati4l ^atxttf ajctwvjes. 
 
 To Propose The Right Hon. Lord Aveburt, 
 
 President qf the Association of Chambers of Commerce of tfie United Kingdom, 
 and Vice-President of the London Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 A. Foster Higgins, Esq. 
 
 New-Tork Chamber. 
 To Reepmdl .... A. Barton Hepburn, Esq. 
 
 New-Tork Chamber. 
 - The Right Hon. W. J. Pirrib, 
 Belfast. 
 
32 
 
 To Propose • The Right Hon. Lokd Alveestone, G.C.M.G. 
 
 Lord Chief Justice of England. 
 
 f • - . - - Andrew Carnegie, Esq. 
 To ReSDond < Vice-President of the New- York Chamber. 
 
 } .... CiiBMENT A. Griscom, Esq. 
 
 ^ New- York Chamber. 
 
 @tt« ^vitisU CSwests ixnd tUc iixstitttttxrtxs 
 
 To Propose Thomas F. Blackwell, Esq. 
 
 Chairman of the Council of the London Chamber of Commerce. 
 To Respond - - - The Right Hon. liORD Hillingdon, 
 
 President of the Institute of Bankers. 
 
 To Propose - His Excellency the Hon. Joseph H. Choate, 
 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United States. 
 
 To Respond Albert G. Sandeman, Esq. 
 
 Past President of the London Chamber of Commerce, 1899-1901 ; 
 Ec-Oovemor of the Bank qf England. 
 
 With the api)earance of coffee and cigars, shortly- 
 after nine o'clock, the Chairman rose to propose the 
 first toast of the evening : 
 
 "His Majesty the King." 
 
 Speech of the Chairman, the Bt. Hon. Lord Brassey. 
 
 My Lords and Gtentlemen: I have the honor of 
 submitting the first toast upon our list, "His Majesty 
 the King." [Cheers.] Our nation has lately mourned 
 the loss of a Queen who had reigned over us for many 
 years, a Queen deeply revered and greatly beloved. 
 On his accession we hailed the King with one heart and 
 one loyal voice. We had known him for many years, 
 taking the deepest interest in all classes, and unfailing 
 in his tact and kindness. [Cheers.] Since his accession 
 to the throne the King has abundantly fulfilled all our 
 expectations, and surely never more than in the gracious 
 
33 
 
 reception accorded on Saturday last to our guests of the 
 New- York Chamber of Commerce. [Loud cheers.] Of 
 tbe inimitable grace and kindness of her Majesty the 
 Queen I have not words to speak. [Cheers.] Gentle- 
 men, I propose to you "His Majesty the King." 
 
 The toast was honored by the singing of a verse of 
 the British national anthem. 
 
 " The President of the United States." 
 
 On rising to propose "The President of the United 
 States," the Most Honorable the Marquis of Lans- 
 DOWNE, K.G., G.C.M.G., G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E., Secretary 
 of State for Foreign Affairs, said : 
 
 Speech of the Most Hon. the Marquis of Lansdowne, Secretary 
 of State for Foreign Affairs. 
 
 Lord Brassey, Your Excellency, my Lords and 
 Gentlemen : I am permitted to propose to you the next 
 toast, the health of "The President of the United 
 States." [Loud cheers.] Gentlemen, the high official 
 who has just asked you to give me a hearing (an allu- 
 sion to the toastmaster) reminded you that I was 
 connected with the Department of Foreign Affairs. 
 [Laughter and cheers.] I beg leave to imagine that 
 this honorable duty has been deputed to me because I 
 am the holder of that position, and because it may be 
 that this toast, coming from my lips, may seem to 
 you to denote something more than a mere private 
 expression of admiration and good will. [Cheers.] 
 And yet, gentlemen, to me, and I think I may say to all 
 the subjects of His Majesty, it requires an effort to 
 think of our relations with the United States of America 
 as foreign relations. [Cheers.] We tbink of the many 
 
34 
 
 ties which bind two great nations together, and those 
 who, like myself, are servants of the public, feel that 
 they hold an unwritten commission that so far as they 
 are concerned no pains shall be spared to maintain the 
 most friendly and intimate relations between those two 
 great communities. [Cheers.] And, indeed, we feel 
 that if it should happen at any moment that some 
 passing breeze ruffles the surface of the waters upon 
 which we are sailing together, we have only to go 
 deeper to find the strong and immutable tie of affection 
 and respect which has ever flowed from shore to shore 
 of the two great nations. [Cheers.] Gentlemen, this 
 is above all things a representative gathering. Hosts 
 and guests are alike representatives of the commerce of 
 our two countries ; and I hope you will not take it 
 amiss if I say that I think the representative of the 
 Foreign Ofiice is not altogether out of place at such a 
 gathering as this ; [cheers ;] for I do not think it is an 
 exaggeration to saj'' that with every year that passes the 
 connection between the Foreign Offices of the world 
 and the Chambers of Commerce of the world tends to 
 become closer and closer. [Hear, hear.] The time 
 has been left far behind when international policy 
 depended upon the ambitions of rulers, or the an- 
 tipathies of the people whom they govern. In these 
 days our external policy is governed, is influenced, 
 by ambitions perhaps not less far reaching, per- 
 haps not less exacting — the ambitions of the great 
 industrial organizations which desire that their Gov- 
 ernments should obtain for them and retain for 
 them the playgrounds and the open spaces in which 
 they may stretch their mighty limbs and be at ease. 
 [Cheers.] And, after all, that is not amiss. It was the 
 statesman whose health we are going to drink who once 
 said that commerce was a great diplomatist, and that 
 fair trade made fast friends. Well, we are tempted to 
 go on and ask ourselves what we mean by fair trade. 
 
35 
 
 That is a dangerous subject to discuss within the limits 
 of an after dinner speech. [Hear, hear.] I will not 
 attempt it, but I may say this — and, perhaps, I am 
 inspired by the roseate surroundings of the present 
 occasions — that we may detect a tendency on the part 
 of each of the great camps into which our economists 
 are divided to take a more reasonable and a less exact- 
 ing view of that which they would themselves desire. 
 I do not think that in these days any free-trader makes 
 a fetish of his free- trade doctrines, or is too proud on 
 occasion to borrow a weapon out of the arsenal of his 
 adversary ; nor, on the other hand, do I think that any 
 protectionist, however extreme, would be found to 
 maintain that any country can live by self alone, or 
 that, if we are to have commercial war, that war should 
 not be waged according to the most considerate and 
 decent usages of international warfare. I hope these 
 are signs of an improvement in feeling on these great 
 questions. [Hear, hear.] Now, with respect to the 
 President of the United States — when we drink his 
 health we think of the great office which the man fills, 
 and of the distiction of the statesman who fills it. 
 [Cheers.] To us in this country, with our love of free 
 institutions, no position can seem more full of dignity 
 than that of the statesman who has been twiced placed 
 by the suffrages of his fellow-countrymen at the head 
 of a community of 60,000,000 or 70,000,000 human 
 beings. [Cheers.] At this moment every one of us 
 entertains for the President of the United States not 
 only feelings of admiration, but feelings of deep sym- 
 pathy, [Hear, hear.] We know that he has lately had 
 to bear, in addition to public cares, the heavy burden of 
 private anxiety ; and it is, I am sure, the prayer of 
 every man in this room that that load of anxiety may 
 be lightened, and that the gracious lady who shares his 
 high honor may be restored to him in the fullest 
 measure of health. [Cheers.] Of this, I think, we 
 
36 
 
 may be sure — that the President of the United States 
 will, in the years that lie before us, be, not only in his 
 own country but in the whole world, a potent influence 
 for the good of the human race. [Cheers.] I dare say 
 some of you may have read, as I have within the last 
 few days, the message which he sent on the occasion of 
 the opening of the great exhibition at Buffalo. I take 
 from it a single sentence. The President of the United 
 States expressed the hope that " our vast and increasing 
 prosperity may be fruitful of nothing but good to our 
 elders in the brotherhood of nations." [Cheers.] That 
 is a noble aspiration, and I am sure we all wish Presi- 
 dent McKiNLEY health and strength to give effect to 
 that aspiration, and to continue to contribute in the 
 future, as he has in the past, to the welfare and the credit 
 of his own country and of all other civilized countries 
 in the world. [Cheers.] Gentlemen, I give you the 
 health of "The President of the United States." 
 
 The toast was received with acclamation, and the 
 playing of the American National Anthem. 
 
 " Our Friends of the Chamber of Commerce of the 
 State of New-York." 
 
 Speech of the Chairman, the Rt. Hon. Lord Brassej. 
 
 My Lords and Gentlemen: I have now to pro- 
 pose a bumper toast to the New-York Chamber 
 of Commerce. [Loud cheers.] We give a warm wel- 
 come to our guests for many reasons. We welcome 
 them as representatives of the skill and the enterprise 
 which have turned the vast resources of the American 
 continent to the service of man. We of this old coun- 
 try are largely sharers in the benefits of that skill and 
 that enterprise. [Cheers.] Our teeming millions could 
 not live without the food which America produces^ 
 
37 
 
 We draw from the same source the raw materials for 
 our industries. If time permitted I might dwell on the 
 debt we owe to the inventive skill of America, whether 
 in its application to agriculture, to manufactures, to 
 engineering, or to transportation by land and water. I 
 might enlarge on the intelligent appreciation by Ameri- 
 can workers of all the aids to labor which ingenuity can 
 supply. I might regret that our own people are not 
 always able to take the same broad views of what is 
 most conducive to their own interest. America teaches 
 us lessons, not only in the creation, but in the liberal 
 distribution of wealth, whether for the relief of suffer- 
 ing, the advancement of learning, or the endowment of 
 research ; and her munificence is not limited to her own 
 side of the Atlantic. You all know the generous bene- 
 factor to whom I refer. [Cheers.] 
 
 Gentlemen, the New- York Chamber is something 
 more than an organization of men engaged in commerce. 
 Its members stand at all times ready to apply their 
 knowledge of affairs and their skill as administrators 
 to wider matters than the mere pursuit of gain ; and 
 when they speak they speak with weight and authority. 
 [Cheers.] Not long ago a suitable occasion offered. 
 When difficulties had arisen in relation to Venezuela, 
 the London Chamber of Commerce appealed to the 
 New- York Chamber to use their good offices in the 
 cause of a peaceful solution. They responded to the 
 call. [Cheers.] We desired to mark our deep sense of 
 the service rendered. It has brought us together this 
 evening. [Loud cheers.] 
 
 My Lords and gentlemen, for the statesman, for the 
 man of business, for the man of letters, for all in what- 
 ever state they may be placed, for citizens of all classes, 
 surely there is no nobler cause in which to labor than 
 that of binding America and Great Britain closer in the 
 bonds of kindly sentiment. [Loud cheers.] Happily 
 the importance of that great cause is fully recognized 
 
88 
 
 by those in the highest places. Witness the letter 
 written by President McKinley to our lamented Queen 
 on the occasion of her Jubilee, in which he reverently 
 addressed her as "great and good friend." [Loud 
 cheers.] Witness the gracious and kind reception to 
 our American guests of this evening on Saturday by 
 the King and Queen at Windsor. [Cheers.] The 
 closer union of Great Britain and the United States has 
 been an object of equal solicitude to the leaders on both 
 sides of politics, in your country as in ours. [Cheers.] 
 It was an object which Mr. Gladstone had much at 
 heart. It inspired an eloquent speech, delivered by 
 Lord Salisbury, and I would like to quote you one of 
 the suggestive and weighty words used by the Prime 
 Minister in bidding farewell to Mr. Bayard, when he 
 truly said, " In the age in which we live there is a silent 
 process going on, by the steady operation of natural 
 causes, which is spreading the influence of the English 
 speaking peoples over all the world. It is the most 
 marvellous phenomenon of our time. It means a great 
 machinery for the creation of public opinion through- 
 out the world. I hail in this expansion of the race the 
 promise of a happier day than that in which we live." 
 [Loud cheers.] Gentlemen, surely every natural im- 
 pulse moves us to stand together shoulder to shoulder ; 
 sharing in those historical traditions which cluster 
 round our venerable cathedrals and our ivy- man tied 
 towers — scenes which, as I well know, our guests so 
 much delight to visit — speaking the same language, 
 reading the same books, firmly attached to the same 
 principles of ordered liberty, we have the basis of an 
 intimate and enduring friendship between our kindred 
 peoples. Blood is thicker than water. [Cheers.] To 
 no other nation are we drawn as we are to our kinsmen 
 across the Atlantic by that closest of all ties. [Cheers.] 
 Wisely directed, the friendship of our two peoples not 
 as yet, nay, perhaps never destined to be, cemented by 
 
39 
 
 a formal alliance, should, as Lord Lansdowne has 
 said, be a potent influence. [Cheers.] Working to- 
 gether for the common good of all mankind, we may 
 keep the door open for trade, we may spread civiliza- 
 tion, protect the oppressed, and establish peace among 
 the nations. [Cheers,] Let none who have an oppor- 
 tunity of promoting a union so beneficent neglect it. 
 The banker and the merchant must do their part. 
 
 ' ' Again, the hand of commerce was designed 
 
 " To associate all the branches of mankind ; 
 
 " And if a boundless plenty be the robe, 
 
 " Trade is the golden girdle to the globe — 
 
 " Each climate needs what other climes produce, 
 
 " And oSers something to the general use." [Cheers.] 
 
 My lords and gentlemen, out of our mutual depend- 
 ence in matters of trade a union for still nobler pur- 
 poses is certain to grow. I hail our meeting this even- 
 ing as one of many incidents of the happiest augury for 
 the future, and it is with the greatest privilege that I 
 propose for your acceptance the New- York Chamber of 
 Commerce, associating with the toast the name of Mr. 
 Morris K. Jesup. [Cheers.] 
 
 The toast was received with acclamation. 
 
 Mr. Morris K. Jesup, President of the Chamber of 
 Commerce of the State of New- York, who was received 
 with great cheering, in responding, said : 
 
 Speech of Mr. Morris E. Jesnp, President of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce of the State of New- York. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, my Lords and Gentlemen : It is 
 said that kind words are the music of the world. For 
 the gracious and kindly words with which you have 
 made us welcome, and for the generous warmth of our 
 
40 
 
 reception manifested in every eye and felt in the clasp 
 of every hand, it is my privilege as much as pleasure, 
 representing as I do my Associates here, to tender to 
 you on behalf of the New- York Chamber of Com- 
 merce our profound thanks. It was a happy inspiration 
 that dictated your courteous invitation to this Banquet, 
 and if our coming together at this time serves to bind 
 in closer ties the relations between the two nations, 
 our highest hopes and expectations will be fulfilled, 
 [cheers,] and we shall count it a high honor to have 
 been here. Perhaps it will be interesting to you and to 
 this august assembly to know a little about the history 
 of the New- York Chamber. The first organization of 
 our Chamber was in the year 1768, and is older by 
 many years than the Republic and the Constitution of 
 the United States. The object of that companionship 
 was to extend the blessings of commerce not only on 
 our side of the water, but to cultivate the same rela- 
 tions with you and other portions of the world. In the 
 year 1770 we induced Gteorge III., King of England, 
 Prance and Ireland, the Defender of the Faith, to 
 grant to us a Royal Charter. This Charter not only 
 antedates the birth of our Republic as well as our 
 Constitution, but it antedates the Revolution. Under 
 that Charter it was distinctly stated that it was to 
 perpetuate the blessings of commerce which had been 
 extended throughout the world at that time, and inci- 
 dentally the King hoped that our organization would 
 not only be> blessing to ourselves, but that it would be 
 a blessing to Great Britain. In this Charter mention is 
 also made of the amount of real estate the Chamber 
 was to hold, providing that it should not exceed at any 
 time the clear yearly value of £3,000. We were at that 
 time a Colony of the British Empire. The population 
 of the City of New- York did not exceed 30,000, and 
 the population of the entire country was about three 
 millions. The value of the commercial relations then 
 
41 
 
 existing between our country and yours amounted to 
 the small sura of fourteen million dollars. But imbib- 
 ing from you the habit of industry and fair dealing, 
 [hear, hear,] we have gone on during these 130 years 
 until now, in the dawn of the Twentieth Century, we 
 come before you, and with no little pride and satisfac- 
 tion make the statement that the value of the commer- 
 cial relations between your country and ours during last 
 year amounted to nearly one thousand million dollars. 
 [Cheers,] We are not unmindful, Mr. Chairman, that 
 you are the sharers with us in these great relations. 
 You early instilled into our minds the principles of 
 religion, justice and law, which have grown with our 
 growth and have become a part of our inheritance, and 
 with which we have worked during these past years, 
 [cheers,] and now we come and offer to you our 
 profound acknowledgments. Not only have you given 
 us these principles which we have enjoyed, but, in our 
 commercial life, when we have been in need, by your 
 capital our great resources have been enlarged, our rail- 
 roads have been built, and mines have been opened and 
 developed, and our commerce extended. And it is not 
 only these things, Mr. Chairman, that we have received, 
 but how many have been the kindly acts of friendship 
 and loyalty which we have found at your hands? 
 [Hear, hear.] I remember, and I say it with infinite 
 gratitude, that in the year 1837, when our country was 
 passing through a disastrous financial distress, when 
 our banks had suspended specie payments, and when 
 our people were discouraged, that one of our loyal 
 and most faithful citizens, Mr. James Gore King, 
 afterwards the President of our Chamber, visited 
 London, and, by his high character, so impressed your 
 financial men that the Bank of England advanced 
 one million pounds sterling in sovereigns and sent the 
 same by packet to New-York under the control of Mr. 
 King, to enable the banks in New- York to resume 
 
42 
 
 specie payments, and thus restore confidence to our 
 community. [Cheers.] That bank did a most kindly 
 and magnanimous thing. No stipulation was made as 
 to the return of that money ; neither did they expect 
 or ask for any reward. [Hear, hear.] It was a kindly 
 act, and one that will never be forgotten. [Cheers.] 
 But above all this, when our country was in the strife 
 of civil war, and we were under the apprehension of a 
 divided country and menaced with war from England, 
 your illustrious, noble, beloved, good Queen — God bless 
 her memory — [cheers] — left the sick bed of her husband 
 in order that by her counsel and advice the hand that 
 was lifted against us might be stayed. [Cheers.] Mr. 
 Chairman, we never can forget these things. [Cheers.] 
 We are no rivals — no jealous rivals — we never can be. 
 [Cheers.] We are of the same race, [cheers,] the same 
 blood, [cheers,] we speak the same language, we worship 
 the same God, we read the same Bible. [Cheers.] 
 No, sir, we never can be rivals. Our only rivalry exists 
 in seeing how we can emulate each other in doing those 
 things which tend for civic righteousness and truth. 
 Banding ourselves together hand in hand, shoulder 
 to shoulder, heart beating with heart, let us emulate 
 one another, endeavoring to extend to the ends of the 
 earth the blessings of our civil and religious liberty, 
 to tell the world of the holy brotherhood of man. 
 [Cheers.] And now, Mr. Chairman, before T sit down, 
 I want to thank you again for this unbounded hos- 
 pitality, for the opportunity of seeing so many of your 
 distinguished representatives and citizens, and above all 
 I must utter the feelings of my heart for that oppor- 
 tunity afforded to us last Saturday of taking by the 
 hand your noble King and Queen. [Loud cheers.] 
 That was an event we shall never forget, and its memory 
 will never be effaced as long as we live. [Cheers.] Mr. 
 Chairman, as you know, we are building for ourselves a 
 home in the City of New- York ; its foundation is laid 
 
43 
 
 in granite, which means solidity ; its structure is of 
 steel, which indicates strength ; its walls are of white 
 marble, the emblem of purity. [Cheers.] In a year 
 from now we are expecting to consecrate that building 
 to the noble cause of commerce, and with it, sir, we 
 expect to consecrate ourselves to the cause of civic 
 righteousness and truth. [Cheers.] In the language of 
 one of your countrymen, U. S., which stands for the 
 United States, stands also for " CTs," for we are one. 
 [Loud cheers.] It gives me pleasure on behalf of the 
 New- York Chamber of Commerce, of which I have the 
 honor to be President, to extend to you, Sir, and to 
 your associates, a most cordial invitation to be with us 
 in a year from now, and witness with us the opening of 
 our new building. [Loud and prolonged cheers.] 
 
 "Commerce and Manufactures." 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord Aveburt, President of the 
 Association of Chambers of Commerce of the United 
 Kingdom, and Vice-President of the London Chamber 
 of Commerce, who was received with cheers, said : 
 
 Speech of the Rt. Hon. Lord Arebary. 
 
 LoED Bkassey, Youk Excellency, my Lords, 
 Ladies and Gentlemkn : The toast which I have now 
 the honor of proposing to you is one which will appeal 
 to us all. We are a commercial nation, and when I say 
 that I am speaking not only for us here in the British 
 Isles, but for our friends whom we are welcoming from 
 the other side of the water. And yet I venture to 
 think that the full advantages of commerce are not quite 
 appreciated amongst many of our fellow-countrymen. 
 It seems to be often supposed that if one person makes 
 a profit somebody else must make a loss. But, on the 
 
44 
 
 contrary, Commerce, as Mercy, is twice blessed, for it 
 blesses both him who gives and him who takes. 
 [Cheers.] Again we often hear doleful remarks that at 
 present our imports are so much greater than our 
 exports that we are being ruined by the cheap goods 
 which are sent into our country. My lords and gentle- 
 men, the exports are the payment which we make for 
 our imports, and the cheaper we get food and raw 
 materials the more money we have to fructify in our 
 own pockets. [Cheers.] In two well known lines of 
 Canning he made the complaint that 
 
 " In matters of commerce the fault of the Dutch 
 Is giving too little and asking too much." 
 
 But now we are hearing exactly the opposite com- 
 plaint, that foreign nations insist on selling us too 
 much and taking too little in payment ; [laughter ;] 
 that they charge their own countrymen high prices and 
 dump down — I believe that is the expression — the rest 
 of their produce cheaply to us. [Laughter.] I do not 
 know that we have any great reason to complain if that is 
 the case. [Hear, hear.] And I do not know whether I 
 have not understated the case in saying that commerce 
 is twice blessed, because I think I may claim a three- 
 fold blessing, for commerce is, after all, the great 
 peacemaker of the world. [Cheers.] We have the 
 highest authority for saying that blessed are the peace- 
 makers. I sometimes think that commerce has done 
 even more than religion in that respect. Differences 
 of religion sometimes separate nations, but commerce is 
 never militant. It binds us all together in links of gold 
 like marriage rings. [Cheers.] And then again I have 
 to couple with this toast prosperity to manufactures. 
 Well, not being a manufacturer myself, sometimes when 
 I go to some of the great manufactories of this country 
 I look at them with admiration almost approaching to 
 
45 
 
 awe. The alchemists of the middle ages and the 
 magicians of prehistoric times seem to me to have been 
 nothing to the manufacturers of to-day. They seem to 
 possess both the philosopher's stone and Aladdin's 
 lamp rolled into one, and while the alchemists of the 
 middle ages only dreamt of one philosopher's stone, 
 manufacturers of to day appear to be able to turn every 
 stone into gold. [Cheers.] But tempting as this theme 
 would be to enlarge upon, we have come together to- 
 night not to listen to English speakers, but to those 
 whom we have the honor and pleasure of welcoming 
 from the other side of the water, and, tempting as it 
 may be, I am sure you will not expect or wish that I 
 should enlarge upon so interesting a theme. With the 
 toast I have the privilege of coupling the name of Mr. 
 Hepburn, who was the Comptroller of the Currency in the 
 United States, and whom we welcome now as a brother 
 banker, and Mr. Higgins, who is largely interested in 
 American railways, to whom I am sure the insurance 
 world would wish to give a very hearty welcome. And 
 last, but not least, if they will allow me to say so, T may 
 couple that admirable representative of our English 
 manufactures, Mr. W. J. Pirrie. We, gentlemen, are 
 engaged not in any unfriendly rivalry or competition 
 with our friends on the other side of the water, but we 
 feel that the manufacturers are guarantee for the peace 
 of the world, and give us reasonable hope for progress 
 and prosperity not only to the two nations in which we 
 are primarily interested, but also to the rest of the 
 civilized world. [Cheers and hear, hear.] I am sure, 
 therefore, that you will drink, with all enthusiasm pros- 
 perity to commerce and to manufactures, coupled with 
 the names of those gentlemen to whom I have just 
 alluded. 
 The toast was received with acclamation. 
 
 Mr. A. Foster Higgins, of the New- York Chamber 
 
46 
 
 of Commerce, who was also greeted in a cordial manner, 
 in responding said : 
 
 Speech of Mr. A. Foster Higgins, of the New- York Chamber of 
 
 Commerce. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, my Lords, and Gen^tlemen of the 
 Chamber of Commerce of London : For many years I 
 have heard a tradition that " you can never be sure that 
 an Englishman has extended to you his confidence 
 until he has invited you to dinner," Well, gentlemen, we 
 are now in the full enjoyment of this positive proof of 
 your implicit trust and confidence in us. Our honored 
 President has already, in his official capacity, acknowl- 
 edged in fitting terms our sincere appreciation of this 
 honor thus conferred on our ancient Chamber by the 
 Chamber of Commerce of London, in which we, each 
 of us, most heartily join. [Cheers.] 
 
 A much deeper feeling on our part now exists, the 
 growth of events which have happened since the incep- 
 tion of the invitation we are now enjoying. [Cheers.] 
 
 At a memorable meeting, held especially at the rooms 
 of our Chamber in New-York in commemoration of the 
 recent death of your glorious Queen, in most impressive 
 terms one of our most honored citizens narrated cer- 
 tain incidents, of which he had personal knowledge, 
 connected with the late Queen. He told how your 
 Prime Minister, knowing the anxiety with which Her 
 Majesty, in 1860, awaited the intelligence of how her 
 son and heir to the throne had been received in our 
 turbulent and excitable country, took Mr. Russell, the 
 one reciting the incident, personally to Her Majesty, 
 who listened with intense interest to every sentence and 
 incident of the reception in New- York. And when she 
 heard how unanimous, spontaneous and sincere had 
 been that reception, she again and again repeated aloud 
 to herself, "I never can forget it! I never can forget 
 it 1" Do we not well know how sacredly she kept that 
 
47 
 
 pledge, and in our subsequent trying hours, and, 
 in fact, during her whole reign, how sincerely her 
 invaluable friendship was always exhibited in our 
 favor, whatever influences were exerted to the con- 
 trary ? That this kindly feeling was reciprocated by all 
 the fair-minded thinking people of the United States I 
 most heartily assure you, and occasional bursts of 
 emotion would, in confirmation thereof, betray them- 
 selves, as, notably, when our Admiral in the Eastern 
 waters uttered that immortal saying, "Blood is thicker 
 than water," and again, when the victorious fleet under 
 Admiral Sampson returned to New- York, the flrst 
 vessel it met as it passed the harbor bar was the 
 steamship "Campania," floating the English national 
 flag. As it was dipped in salutation to the victorious 
 fleet, the band of the Admiral on his flag ship burst 
 forth with the music of "God Save the Queen." 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 And, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, this feeling still 
 exists, and, with the experience of this delegation, is 
 certain to be intensified and increased. It is difficult in 
 words to express to you how surprised and gratified we 
 all were at the very gracious reception accorded to us on 
 Saturday last by your King Edward and his lovely 
 Queen Alexandra ; its freedom from all restraints of 
 cold etiquette, its unmistakable cordiality and friend- 
 ship were taken by each and every one of us as an 
 evidence of their Majesties' feeling to our country, and 
 as such will we ever believe and report it. [Cheers.] 
 
 But, Mr. Chairman, I am wandering from the domain 
 called for by the toast to which I am called upon to 
 respond — "Commerce." [Cheers.] 
 
 In its larger and fuller sense, I take it, the subject 
 embraces not only the bare exchanges of the products 
 and manufactures of our respective countries, but is 
 intended to embrace the innumerable results flowino- 
 from the primal incidents of such exchanges — the 
 
48 
 
 multitude of other necessarily consequent and attend- 
 ant details producing infinite items of correspondence, 
 banking, freighting, insurance, etc., etc., all leading to 
 a more intimate knowledge of each other ; a study, con- 
 viction and trust in respective characters ; the holding 
 and keeping up of high standards of conducting all 
 these affairs, and so advancing not only the facilities of 
 interchange, but the principles governing and actuating 
 the entire mass of merchants, and lifting and elevating 
 each individual member thereof. It is, therefore, I 
 think, my privilege to omit all dry statistics or com- 
 parisons of the exports and imports of our respective 
 countries. When one reads such a noble editorial as 
 was contained in your daily. The Telegraph, of Monday 
 last, the conviction is quickly gathered that the situa- 
 tion is perfectly understood, and is being examined and 
 studied carefully, and will be profited by. [Cheers.] 
 
 Mr. Ciiairraan, I cannot refrain from a reference to 
 two great problems our country and nation have been 
 and are now engaged in. [Cheers.] 
 
 The first is that produced by our impulsive invitation 
 to the world to find in America a refuge from known and 
 even imagined evils and wrongs. In response, we have 
 been deluged with what certainly may be named, without 
 undue severity, as the turbulent and dissatisfied of almost 
 every nation of the civilized world. To take this and 
 amalgamate it with the much smaller mass descended 
 from our forefathers, to reduce it to a due observance of 
 law and order, to repress its unreasonable demands, and 
 teach it the difference between liberty and license ; to 
 bring about a regard for the rights of others, and to 
 impress upon its members a sense of public duty, — to 
 do this has been a work that has heretofore destroyed 
 republics and appalled statesmanship. Still, gentle- 
 men, we have in the main succeeded. Education, the 
 dissemination of information by means of our won- 
 derful public press, the contact of mind with mind, 
 
49 
 
 accompanying the restless and unprecedented travelling 
 of our people, and particularly the unmistakable 
 nature and effect of the multitude of institutions of 
 mercy and charity everywhere existing and being 
 established over the land, are all working their leaven ; 
 and we have many convincing proofs that we are not, as 
 a nation, living in vain. But in making this reference 
 my object is to beg of you, your rulers and nation, 
 to be patient with us — not to mistake the local, tempo- 
 rary outbursts of temper, animosity and spleen, as in 
 any degree whatever indicative of national feeling — but 
 as due to the fact that we are not yet homogeneous, but 
 are still largely conglomerate. The other problem is 
 whether Democracy, as a principle, can be made pro- 
 ductive of the higher and highest standards of life. It 
 will be remembered that Adam Smith, the founder of 
 the science of Political Economy, with. Stuart Mill 
 and all their successors of elementary writers on this 
 subject, lay it down as a principle — that the "selfishness 
 of mankind " is the governing principle controlling them. 
 And from this they make deductions as to what will be 
 the necessary result of any known cause in the events 
 of communities and nations. Now, sir, suppose one 
 hundred years ago, and at the beginning of our national 
 existence, consultation with one of these philosophers 
 had taken place, and the infant state of slavery had 
 been under discussion and its future contemplated. It 
 is admitted to be of immense pecuniary value, if not a 
 necessity, to the settlers. It is seen that naturally it 
 will increase, and that in sixty years it will be a gigantic 
 institution, outweighing every other material interest 
 of the country, claiming and receiving a representation 
 in the House of Congress overshadowing all other poli- 
 tical items, producing a growing feeling of intention to 
 preserve, protect and extend it. And with mathe- 
 matical accuracy it is shown that to get rid of it 
 would cost at least 3,000 millions of dollars, 200,000 
 
50 
 
 lives of our non-slave-holding citizens, be attended with, 
 a civil war, and the very foundations of the nation be 
 shaken to their utmost depths. Can it be doubted — 
 in reply to the question — can this ever be ? No 1 
 would have been the answer. Once permitted to reach 
 that growth, it will be so rooted and grounded in self- 
 interest that the institution will forever remain. Well, 
 gentlemen, we who are here present have seen this very 
 result attained and the great cancer spot on our nation 
 extirpated. What power did it? One heretofore 
 ignored by philosophers. Altruism ! Again did we 
 pursue our headlong career. Again did the mad race 
 for money prevail. The absolutely untrammeled field 
 for individual exertion presented by Democracy led to 
 its normal effects. Public duties were treated with 
 indifference, the almighty dollar seemed our god, im- 
 proper and incompetent men governed us — and we 
 seemed lost in materiality. Suddenly there arises a cry 
 for help from suffering humanity in our immediate 
 neighborhood — for a moment there seemed a hesitancy 
 — the world at large had seen similar and worse things- 
 without interfering — it would be at great cost, risk of 
 being misunderstood, they were no immediate concern 
 of ours — why not let it alone ? The reply soon broke 
 forth in a torrent. Hundreds of thousands who had 
 been regarded as pursuing each his own advantage, 
 sprang forward as volunteers. The evil was soon put 
 down, and its cause repressed. You may believe me, 
 gentlemen, when I assert that never was a war under- 
 taken which was so entirely in behalf of humanity as 
 our late war with Spain, and I am very sure the world 
 will see in all our acts the sequences only forced on us 
 by consistency in the accomplishment of that end. 
 May I be permitted just here to utter a few words in 
 connection with your war in South Africa. Alas ! how 
 many of your valuable countrymen have laid down 
 their lives at the call of duty ! It was not necessary ta 
 make them understand any of the vexed questions 
 
61 
 
 involved in the war. It was enough that their country 
 called — and they replied by going. Every such act has 
 an endless sequence and result which never die. No^ 
 sorrowing hearts, say not it has been all in vain. 
 
 " 'Twas not in vain ! 
 " The darkness, anguish and the strife. 
 " Love thrown upon the waters comes again 
 " With quenchless yearnings for a nobler life." 
 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 Thus I have tried to show you that under our demo- 
 cratic form of government it has not been impossible to 
 cultivate and advance the grand world-moving power of 
 altruism. It is our delight to know that this sublime, 
 God-like and God-given aspiration equally fills your 
 grand old nation. We look to you to go with us, hand 
 in hand. In the words of your great Charles Kings- 
 ley, " the age of chivalry is never past so long as there 
 is a wrong left unredressed on earth." We believe that 
 by various means all wrongs will eventually be righted, 
 and principally by the united efforts of the English- 
 speaking race. Let us ever be united in this effort, and 
 keep ever before ourselves and our descendants the 
 words of our philosopher, Emerson : 
 
 " Though love repine and reason chafe, 
 
 ' ' There came a voice without reply ; 
 " 'Tis man's perdition to be safe 
 
 " When for the truth he ought to die." 
 
 [Loud cheers.] 
 
 Speech of Mr. A. Barton Hepburn, of the New- York Chamber of 
 
 Commerce. 
 
 Mr. A. Barton" Hepburn, of the New- York Cham- 
 ber of Commerce, rose amid cheers to further respond. 
 He said : 
 
 My Lord President, my Lords, Ladies and Gen- 
 tlemen: The history of the world's progress records 
 
62 
 
 the survival of the fittest, and to a very considerable 
 extent the survival of the "lightest." Those epochs in 
 history that seem to have shed the greatest blessings 
 upon mankind are cast in martial splendor and distin- 
 guished by military and naval heroes as well as great 
 statesmen. Certain it is that no nation can extend or 
 expand its commerce upon the high seas except it has 
 a navy with power commensurate for its protection. 
 [Hear, hear.] The commercial prosperity of a nation 
 is largely dependent upon its land and sea power. That 
 government is best which, being strongest, utilizes its 
 power to promote those cardinal principles, liberty and 
 justice, upon which all true prosperity is based. 
 [Cheers.] Great Britain, in extending its dominion, is 
 entitled to this encomium. Wherever the British flag 
 has been planted, material, moral and financial ad- 
 vancement has inevitably followed. [Cheers] A high, 
 sense of commercial honor, the inviolability of contract 
 and the open door are among the blessings that follow 
 British rule. [Cheers] 
 
 The Bank of England has become a world-wide syn- 
 onym of financial strength — the pound sterling the 
 standard of value, and English the language of com- 
 merce. [Cheers.] All this has been accomplished by 
 the marvellous energy of your marvellous Empire. In 
 the development of our commerce and the promotion of 
 our manufactures, we propose to help maintain these 
 conditions. [Hear, hear.] We are proud of our de- 
 scent, proud of our common heritage, and proud of our 
 common ambition to make the world better as we con- 
 tend for the good things that the world has to offer. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 Our currency, relieved as it is from all danger from 
 the silver heresy, is not unlike yours. Silver serves as 
 a medium of exchange for the ordinary transactions of 
 the people, while the larger are represented by gold, and 
 all rest securely upon a gold basis. The sound money 
 
68 
 
 issue gave to President McKinley his first election. In 
 March, 1900, his Administration placed upon the statute 
 books a law providing for refunding the presently ma- 
 turing indebtedness into bonds distinctly and in terms 
 made payable in gold ; and better still, the letter of the 
 law says that the present gold dollar " shall be a stand- 
 ard unit of value, and all forms of money issued or 
 coined by the United States shall be maintained at a 
 parity of value with this standard, and it shall be the 
 duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to maintain such 
 parity." And the Secretary was given power to carry 
 out the provisions of this law. With this law upon the 
 statute books, with the issue thus sharply defined, the 
 question was debated in the great forum of the people 
 during the last Presidential campaign and the pro- 
 nouncement in favor of the gold standard was over- 
 whelming. You may safely repose confidence in the 
 American people. [Cheers.] Whenever a question is 
 presented involving either national honor or commercial 
 honor they will be found true as steel and good as gold. 
 [Loud cheers.] We believe the dollar to be the peer of 
 the pound, full panoplied and equipped to wage suc- 
 cessfully the battle of commerce. 
 
 In another respect we seem to be emulating your ex- 
 ample. I think that I may safely say that England 
 maintained a protective tariff until the prosperity of 
 her industries outgrew its necessity. The United States 
 seems entering upon a similar stage. Over two years 
 ago President McKinley, in the course of a speech in 
 the City of Boston, said : "We are not talking about 
 tariff now." In his many speeches delivered during 
 his recent trip across the continent he made no allusion 
 to the tariff whatever, but placed great emphasis upon 
 the necessity of cultivating outside markets in order to 
 foster our various industries. Representative Babcock, 
 Chairman of the Republican National Campaign Com- 
 mittee, has stated that the tariff will be taken off from 
 
64 
 
 all so-called "trust commodities." It is not difficult 
 to understand this |changed and changing condition of 
 sentiment across the Atlantic. The consolidation of 
 kindred industries and the concentration of vast 
 amounts of capital under a single control have materi- 
 ally increased the efficiency of our mills both as to 
 maximum output and minimum time of delivery. Our 
 ability to produce has so far outgrown our capacity to 
 consume that the open door is rapidly becoming the 
 shibboleth of America. 
 
 As bankers we have heretofore stood at the wharf 
 ready to make advances upon the incoming cargo until 
 the same should find sale and distribution. Hereafter, 
 recognizing these changed conditions, we must make 
 advances to the manufacturer in order to enable him to 
 purchase his raw material, carry his loans while the 
 same is worked up into finished product, follow the 
 finished product with bill of lading to the foreign mart 
 of consumption, transfer the same to the returning 
 cargo of barter, and finally receive our pay when this 
 return cargo is assimilated in our home markets. In 
 other words, we must do what you bankers have been 
 doing for generations, and all this must we do in order 
 that our capital may be employed and earn its incre- 
 ment and our labor be employed and be self-sustaining. 
 
 We feel that in all respects our international relations 
 are becoming closer and more firmly allied. [Cheers.] 
 The not distant future is likely to see the route of com- 
 merce, as the present sees the route of travel, cross the 
 Atlantic, cross the American continent, and cross the 
 Pacific to the point of destination. You have a great 
 dominion on the North American continent, in area 
 surpassing the United States, bound in the future to 
 become largely populous, with corresponding power and 
 resources. As the desirable land open to settlement in 
 the United States diminishes, the tide of home seekers 
 will inevitably cross the northern border. And while 
 
56 
 
 South, Africa may have a prior claim upon British en- 
 terprise and British capital for a time, I firmly believe 
 that Canada is bound to become and remain the strong- 
 est state in your colonial empire. [Cheers.] With 
 parallel boundaries and parallel interests, with kindred 
 ties and kindred institutions, with united purpose and 
 united power, we will, as we contend in harmony for 
 primacy in trade, strive also for the uplifting of human- 
 ity and the proper solution of those great economic and 
 social problems that must ever confront a government 
 of a great people. [Loud cheers.] 
 
 The Right Hon. William J. Pirrie, Belfast, also 
 responded : 
 
 Speech of the Rt. Hon. William J. Pirrie. 
 
 My Lord President, my Lords and Gentlemen : I 
 feel it a very high honor, indeed, not only to be one of 
 your guests this evening, but also to have been asked to 
 reply to such an important toast as that of " Commerce 
 and Manufactures." I think it will be a gratification to 
 Irishmen to feel that a representative of one of the 
 greatest industries of their country has been invited to 
 take such a prominent part at this important Inter- 
 national Banquet — no doubt because the industry I 
 refer to has assisted so materially to bring the old and 
 new world, as well as our great colonies, into close 
 touch with each other, [Cheers.] 
 
 Gentlemen, a great deal has been written and a great 
 many fears expressed of late with regard to the effect 
 on this country of the growing international compe- 
 tition, and many prophets have uttered many pro- 
 phecies, mostly doleful, but it has, I think, been left to 
 our countryman, who left us to become an American 
 citizen, and has now returned to his first love — Mr. 
 Carnegie — to express what I think is the feeling of 
 
56 
 
 most of us, that America is the only country we have 
 to fear, and that although we may not be able to main- 
 tain our monopoly, our supremacy is not necessarily 
 endangered even by American aggression unless we 
 throw it away by our own foolishness. [Hear, hear.] 
 So far from thinking the advent of America into the 
 very forefront of commercial nations an evil, I consider 
 it should be a satisfaction to us to think that we have 
 as rivals men of the same parent stock, swayed very 
 largely by the same impulses, and animated by the 
 same high ideals of commercial integrity and honor. 
 As a manufacturer, or at least one engaged all my life 
 in a large industrial biisiness, I have nothing but admi- 
 ration for the way in which our American friends have 
 made necessity the mother of invention in manufac- 
 tures, and have, out of their inventive genius and power 
 of resource, evolved machinery that has revolutionized 
 the workshop. [Hear, hear.] All I trust is, that the 
 lessons taught us by the Americans of the possibil- 
 ities of industrial success, notwithstanding the high 
 rates of wages they have to pay, will not be lost upon 
 our manufacturers. I personally feel strongly that in 
 very many cases our great works in the old country 
 have been, shall I say, worked to death. There has 
 not been that constant replacing of old machinery with 
 new, which is absolutely essential to progress ; and I 
 fear that in many instances the directors or managers 
 have not realized the utter foolishness of neglecting to 
 feed and nourish the goose that lays the golden egg— 
 they should make more liberal provisions for deprecia- 
 tion and for the upkeep, extension and improvement of 
 their works in the shape of new plant, etc., than has, I 
 think, been generally the case, and thus prepare for 
 those great developments that are the natural outcome 
 of international commerce. Fortunately, however, I 
 think we all realize now the importance of modern 
 plant and machinery, and the necessity for keeping in 
 
67 
 
 touch with the latest improvements, however much 
 capital must be sunk in order to com])ete with other 
 nations — and to-day, I believe, there is a great re- 
 action from the easy-going methods and complacency 
 into which we were drifting, which will be of the 
 greatest benefit to British trade. 
 
 It is, of course, impossible to ignore altogether the 
 effect produced on the minds of many of my fellow- 
 countrymen by the recent great developments in 
 America, but I feel that what has happened should 
 only stimulate us to greater efforts, and the very suc- 
 cess of America is an argument in our favor, and an 
 encouragement to us — moreover, there is room and 
 scope for both England and America, and it seems to 
 me that a joint partnership of John Bull and Brother 
 Jonathan in a great world enterprise is an ideal worthy 
 of our ambition. [Cheers.] 
 
 As for our own country, I think, in quietness and 
 confidence will be our strength, and while some are 
 busily announcing the downfall of England, I shall be 
 surprised if it is not found that we are still making 
 headway. Our manufacturers must realize, however, 
 that it is the duty of nations as well as the practice of 
 individuals to buy in the best and cheapest market, 
 that old ways and methods must give way to new, and 
 work be carried on under the new conditions if it is to 
 be a success, though there are of course, besides this, 
 many changes needed to advance British trade, and we 
 are still seriously handicapped in many ways. When 
 we consider that produce can be brought from the 
 Antipodes to the London market at less cost than from 
 different parts of the United Kingdom, two things are 
 brought home to our minds — one is the neglect of our 
 railways to keep pace with modern requirements, and 
 the other is the remarkable foresight that has been 
 displayed, and the progress made by our shipowners, 
 who have realized the necessity for constant improve- 
 
68 
 
 ment and advancement, and have, in fact, made the 
 pace so fast, that vessels built in many cases only a few- 
 years ago are now obsolete or useless for their trade. 
 Fortunately we have so many resources, and we are in 
 such an excellent position, that it seems to me that if 
 we do not get the trade in one way we have oppor- 
 tunities of getting it in another ; that we shall neglect 
 to make use of these opportunities I do not believe, and 
 I am glad of this chance of once more expressing my 
 unabated confidence in my own countrymen and in the 
 future of this country, although I have, as I have said, 
 the greatest admiration for America, and readily con- 
 cede her a high and commanding position in the destiny 
 of nations. [Cheers.] 
 
 We shall doubtless witness in the coming year a keen,, 
 and even, perhaps, sometimes a fierce competition, 
 between commercial nations, but I trust there will be 
 less international jealousy as each country realizes that 
 its own prosperity and success may be enhanced by the 
 other's successful development and progress, and in the 
 interest of commerce and manufactures I hope that the 
 relations between the great countries of the world 
 will be characterized by an honorable striving after 
 commercial ideals and success in the arts of peace. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 " Our Kin Beyond the Sea." 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord Alverstone, Gt. C. M. G. , Lord 
 Chief- Justice of England, who was received with great 
 cheering, said: 
 
 Speech of the Rt. Hon. Lord Alrerstone, Lord Chief Justice of 
 
 England. 
 
 Mr. Chairman, Ladies, my Lords and Gentlemen : 
 The hour of the evening at which we have arrived make* 
 
o- r IE 
 
 5^NIV£RSITY ) 
 
 it qaite impossible I should delTver to you the carefully 
 prepared oration that I had thought out in order to do 
 honor to this toast. [Laughter.] 
 
 There is another reason : Nearly all the sentiments 
 which I thought were my special private property have 
 been taken over by you, my lord, or incorporated in the 
 admirable speech of Mr. Morris K. Jesup. [Laughter 
 and cheers.] So like was ray intended speech to Mr. 
 Jesup' s that my clerk must have purloined the manu- 
 script and given Mr. Jesup the opportunity of bringing 
 out in his own most admirable way the ideas I wished 
 to present to you. [Laughter.] My lords and gentle- 
 men, it being therefore impossible for me, as it would 
 be really unbecoming, to deliver the speech I had in- 
 tended, I shall content myself at this hour with a very 
 few sentences in proposing to you a sentiment, and that 
 is the sentiment of our kin beyond the sea. [Loud 
 cheers.] Of course, all our hearts and thoughts turn 
 to-night to that branch of our kinsmen who come from 
 the great republic of the west, and from which we hail 
 to-night the guests and friends we have been so glad to 
 welcome. I need not remind you of how all American 
 citizens love to come to the old country and to trace out 
 the place of their ancestors, to find who there are still 
 of their own name. I know, from having occupied an 
 official position for a great many years, that scores, I 
 might say hundreds, of citizens of the United States 
 come to England for that amongst other objects, and, as 
 has been well said, they love to visit the old cathedrals 
 and to feel that they liave their share in them, and that 
 the United States as well as Gfreat Britain can claim 
 that noble heritage. [Loud cheers.] I would also re- 
 mind you in one sentence of how the children of the old 
 mother have shown themselves true to the best instincts 
 of humanity in the glorious way in which the sons of 
 the United States have founded universities almost sur- 
 passing the great universities which have had such a 
 
60 
 
 long traditional history in our land. [Cheers.] But 
 that is not the only reason why I ask those who are here 
 to-night who do not come from the United States to 
 welcome them. My reason is because I know from per- 
 sonal experience that you have only to go to the United 
 States, or meet any man of your own profession, or any 
 man to whom you have any introduction, nay, any cas- 
 ual traveller in the steamboat or the train, to receive a 
 hearty welcome — [cheers] — a welcome that convinces 
 you there is something more than the mere skin-deep 
 hospitality which some people think is the only thing 
 necessary to bind people together. Therefore, my 
 lords and gentlemen, I feel that we ought to do honor, 
 if it be only by the heartiness of our greeting, as it 
 cannot be by wealth of words, to this toast, I have 
 perhaps two claims to present this toast to you with 
 the greatest heartiness, with the most absolute sincer- 
 ity and with a feeling of deep sentiment. I am not only 
 the only living Englishman, but the only Englishman 
 who has ever lived who has been allowed to address the 
 Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States on 
 two occasions. [Cheers.] I am afraid I did not make 
 much impression upon them, but the result was not 
 altogether unsatisfactory. [Laughter.] My second 
 reason is this : That for twenty-five years of active pro- 
 fessional life I was closely connected with many of the 
 leading scientific pioneers of the United States. I had 
 the pleasure and privilege of helping to protect and 
 safeguard their interests in this country, and I can en- 
 dorse what was said by Lord Brasspjy this evening 
 when he stated that the marvellous strides made by 
 America in every branch of the scientific world during 
 the last twenty-five years will command forever the 
 admiration of the scientific historian, and have con- 
 ferred untold benefits on every branch of humanity. 
 My lords and gentlemen, I dare not detain you longer, 
 for in my opinion the merit of after-dinner speeches ia 
 
61 
 
 not to be gauged by their length. I desire to couple 
 two names with this toast, and they are both names of 
 distinguished men. One is that of a man, I am proud 
 to say a friend of mine for some years, who was one of 
 those who, on my first visit to America, to me a stranger, 
 held out that hospitality and has showed it to me ever 
 since. He is a man of wiiom we do not conceive that 
 he belongs entirely to America. We think at any rate 
 that one part of His MajCvSty's dominions has a very 
 large slice or share in Aitdrew Carnegie. [Cheers.] 
 And it would ill become me in his presence to say more 
 about him except that he sets an example which many 
 Englishmen and Americans might well follow. [Cheers.] 
 I am sure you will agree with me he is one fully worthy 
 to respond to this sentiment I have so unworthily pre- 
 sented to you. The other gentleman, well known to 
 many of you, whom I have seen for the first time to- 
 night, Mr. Griscom, has a strong claim to a hearty 
 welcome from you all, for he only arrived in this coun- 
 try barely a few hours ago ; and notwithstanding the 
 fact that he was late in London and missed seeing the 
 Derby, he has come here to-night to respond to this 
 toast. [Cheers.] Gentlemen, nobody is more conscious 
 than I am how unworthy altogether has been the lan- 
 guage in which I have presented to you those senti- 
 ments, mainl}'- due, in fact, to the unwarranted outrage 
 oh my property which has been perpetrated by Mr. 
 Jesup. [Laughter.] But I do commend to you the 
 sentiment of our kinsmen beyond the sea, and I couple 
 with it the names of Mr. Andrew Carnegie and Mr. 
 Griscom. 
 
 The toast was drunk with acclamation. 
 
 Mr. Andrew Carnegie, Vice-President of the New- 
 York Chamber of Commerce, who met with an enthusi- 
 astic welcome, was the first to respond : 
 
62 
 
 Speech of Mr. Andrew Carnegie, Vice-President of the New-York 
 Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Ladies, Mr. Chairman, my Lords and Gentlemen : 
 I am too old at public speaking not to follow the illus- 
 trious example of the noble lord who has just taken 
 his seat. At this hour of the night there is nothing for 
 us to do who have any regard for those who are to 
 follow, but to speak only for a few moments. I am 
 more fortunate than the noble lord, because I am in- 
 formed that my speach, which I was careful to hand to 
 the Associated Press, because all my other colleagues 
 have done so, [laughter,] has already been telegraphed. 
 I said to the reporter, " You do not want my speech — 
 suppose I do not deliver it, I only have a few notes." 
 "Well," he said, "This is how we manage it. Our 
 man stands there, and when Mr. Jesup gets up we cable, 
 'Release Jesup.'" [Laughter.] And when Lord 
 Brassey is through, "Release Brassey," and when 
 you are through we telegraph the words, " Release 
 Carnegie." Well, gentlemen, think of the relief that 
 I get, think of the relief I am going to give you by 
 not inflicting that speech upon you. You can read it 
 all to-morrow morning cabled back. [Laughter.] But 
 I wish to say this, Mr. Chairman, most fortunate was 
 the choice you made of the noble lord to propose the 
 toast of our kin beyond the sea. We consider him one 
 of us. We know him ; he is one of the connecting 
 links that span the Atlantic and serve to bind us to- 
 gether ; he is equally liked and honored on both sides 
 of the Atlantic. [Cheers.] I will only speak of two 
 notes that have been struck in the speeches, one by 
 President Jesup, where he said there could be no jeal- 
 ous rivalry between nations. Well, I think the adage, 
 that two of a trade can never agree, must have arisen 
 because two or three retail shopkeepers in the same 
 street were jealous of each other — perhaps the tailors of 
 
63 
 
 Tooley Street may have given rise to it, It has no place 
 with the captains of industry. I appeal to the leading 
 gentlemen here, many of them who control the business 
 relations of the two countries. Is it not true that the 
 closest friendship, the truest and best friends that you 
 have got are those you have formed among your own 
 competitors? [Cheers.] Such is my experience. There 
 can be no jealousy between us, for the reason that that 
 is not lost which a friend gets. That is the adage of the 
 present day. But there is another sentiment that has 
 occurred to me which will succeed that. Some of these 
 days let us English speaking people of any part of the 
 world never consider that lost which any part of the 
 race in any part of the world still holds. [Cheers.] 
 To-night, in every speech, there has been that indica- 
 tion of longing for reconciliation, for the drawing closer 
 together of the two great branches of that race which 
 comprise the whole of it. Gentlemen, there are only 
 two flags in the English speaking race, and if ever those 
 two flags are unfurled together side by side for the 
 peace of the world, to preserve the peace of the world 
 against all disturbances, be the foe one or many, or a 
 combination of foes, let the fates pity that foe. [Loud 
 cheers.] Gentlemen, this is a unique meeting ; it has 
 never occurred before, but I trust that we are to have 
 many reciprocal unions of the Chambers of Commerce 
 of the two great metropoli of the races. Perhaps we 
 shall not always be favored with such an Ambassador 
 as the present one, perhaps we shall not be always 
 favored with such friends, but whatever comes — I 
 speak in the presence of the Secretary of Foreign Affairs 
 — if ever the Cabinets of the two countries cannot settle 
 any difference that arises between us by peaceable 
 arbitration, or themselves without going to arbitration, 
 I propose to them that the question be referred to the 
 Chambers of Commerce of London and New- York. 
 [Loud cheers.] That is the final tribunal. As the 
 
64 
 
 Chairman has just told us, we stand for peace, for the 
 peace of the world. The motto that every Chamber of 
 Commerce should carry, is peace and good will to man. 
 [Cheers.] We will settle, if submitted to us, any ques- 
 tion that arises between the two branches of the race, 
 with peace, and give to both peace and honor. [Loud 
 [cheers.] I tell you no statesman or body of statesmen 
 can bring about war between these two branches without 
 dishonor. [Hear, hear.] One point more— carrying 
 out the idea of the race drawing together — because when 
 we speak of our race drawing together we only mean 
 the two branches. I hold that the day is coming when 
 patriotism of race will arise, not to supplant that pre- 
 cious sentiment, patriotism in any country, but to sup- 
 plement it, to extend it, and to dignify it, and make it 
 something of which our race will be prouder than of 
 any other victory it has ever obtained. Patriotic 
 Englishmen, patriotic Welshmen, patriotic Irishmen, 
 patriotic Scotchmen, patriotic New-Yorkers, patriotic 
 Pennsylvanians, patriotic Virginians, patriotic Cana- 
 dians — patriotic Britons or patriotic Americans, as we 
 may individually be, we should not rest content with 
 that, but we should look forward to the day when we 
 shall be patriotic members of the whole English- 
 speaking race. [Loud cheers.] 
 
 Mr. Clement A. Geiscom, of the New- York Cham- 
 ber of Commerce, who was also received with acclama- 
 tion, said: 
 
 Speech of Mr. Clement A. Oriscom, of the New- York Chamber 
 
 of Commerce. 
 
 My Lokds and Gentlemen : I am different from 
 my friend, Mr. Carnegie, in one respect, that my 
 speech has not been given to the press. I am very 
 happy that I have been assigned to respond to this 
 
65 
 
 toast, for it is the one which appeals to me beyond all 
 others to which you have listened. The merchant ship- 
 ping is the symbol of an enlightened nation expanding 
 through those traits on which rests the brotherhood of 
 man. Empires have been created by the sword, but 
 they have soon collapsed. The greatness which comes 
 from commerce is founded on civilization itself. You 
 are the subjects of a Sovereign whose morning drum- 
 beat following the sun, circles the earth with one con- 
 tinuous stream of the martial airs of England. But a 
 truer index of your greatness than Webster's familiar 
 metaphor are your fleets under the red flag. [Hear, 
 hear.] Bearing upon every sea products of every soil, 
 they contribute to the welfare and comfort of the whole 
 world, as well as to your own wealth. International 
 trade was worthily dignified by one of your most pro- 
 found thinkers as the great permanent security for the 
 uninterrupted progress of the ideas, the constitution 
 and the character of the human race. Until the race 
 steps backwards, and right becomes wrong, a nation 
 with the merchant shipping of the United Kingdom 
 must abide a mighty power. [Cheers.] Within the 
 past few years the United States have expanded by the 
 force of circumstances which could not be foreseen. It 
 is natural that my country should aspire to a share in 
 the ocean carrying trade. Events compel us to take 
 part in the responsibility as well as in the emoluments 
 of the dominion of the seas. Whatever steps may be 
 taken towards this end by the sagacity of our law 
 makers, the skill of our ship builders, the enterprise 
 and skill of our ship owners, one spirit animates us, 
 that the ocean is large enough for all, and that equality 
 of conditions shall not be disturbed by unfair discrimi- 
 nation. The President of the United States has already 
 advocated the incorporation in the permanent law of 
 civilized nations the principle that all private property 
 on the sea, not contraband of war, shall be exempt 
 
66 
 
 from capture by belligerents. Our coasts are liberally 
 lighted, our harbors are buoyed and lighted all free 
 of cost for the benefit of shipping, and the charges on 
 shipping for general control are small and equally im- 
 posed. The Federal Constitution prohibits an export 
 tax on coal. [Laughter.] The United States proposes 
 soon to begin, at its own expense, the great work which 
 remains to be done for the expansion of the world's 
 shipping and commerce, the construction of a canal 
 across the isthmus separating the Atlantic from the 
 Pacific. Whatever route may be chosen, whatever pre- 
 liminary negotiations may be necessary, I am confident 
 American sentiment will sustain me in asserting that 
 the canal shall be open on equal terms to the ship- 
 ping of all nations ; [cheers ;] that no special com- 
 mercial privileges in return for our investment will 
 be sought for the United States ; and, in accordance 
 with our national policy the charges on shipping using 
 the canal will be no more than are necessary for its 
 official administration. [Hear, hear.] The canal is to 
 be the first contribution of the United States to the new 
 American development of this century. [Cheers.] The 
 canal will not probably bring about such changes in 
 shipping and commerce as did the construction of the 
 Suez Canal, but it will give increased facilities for com- 
 munication between Europe and Western America, 
 between the Northern, Southern and Eastern States 
 with those of the West. In Her reign your gracious 
 Sovereign Queen saw the shipping returns of the Aus- 
 tralian colonies grow to exceed those of the United 
 Kingdom when the City of Melbourne was founded. 
 Only the seer can predict the possibilities to American 
 shipping in the construction of the Trans-isthmian Canal, 
 and the development of the trade of the Pacific Ocean. 
 To obtain a share of the enormous ocean trade of the 
 future it must be chiefly to the Pacific we look. The 
 United States, I believe, will adopt practical, straight- 
 
67 
 
 forward measures. The relations of our trans-conti- 
 nental railroads to our export trade are such that 
 already the time is here when those routes must 
 be, by means of steamships under the same con- 
 trol, projected across the oceans. Nowadays capital 
 is international. Your guineas helped to build the 
 railroads of our country, and our dollars are now 
 going into British ships. We hope in time to be 
 able to do more for our own shipbuilding. Our 
 plants are not yet specialized. Our capital and labor 
 are not so accurately sub divided as yours, but we are 
 advancing. With the co-operation of our Government 
 we trust that soon on the great ocean trade routes the 
 flag of the United States will fly side by side with that 
 of Great Britain. My countrymen do not envy you the 
 source of your strength. The world's second seaport 
 welcomes the steamship as much as does London, the 
 first seaport, because we are learning from you. We 
 have aspirations like those you have already realized. 
 Shortly after the cable had shocked the Western world 
 by announcing tbe sad tidings of the death of your 
 beloved Queen, I was walking by our Independence 
 Hall, from whose steps was read the Declaration of 
 Independence, and I found the American flag on the 
 spire flying at half-mast, a spontaneous act of affection 
 and respect more significant from that spire than any 
 other, which evidenced the underlying feeling of the 
 American people, and the reflection was forced upon 
 me that that affection and respect, stronger than 
 treaties, ensured the progress of the civilization of the 
 world. [Loud cheers.] 
 
 Owing to the lateness of the hour it was found 
 necessary to omit the next toast on the toast list, " Our 
 British Guests and the Institutions they Represent," 
 which was to have been proposed by Mr. Thomas F. 
 
6S 
 
 Black WALL, Chairman of the Council of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce, and responded to by the Right 
 Hon. Lord Hillingdon, President of the Institute of 
 Bankers. The toast was omitted with much regret. 
 
 "The London Chamber of Commerce." 
 
 The last toast of the evening was that of "The 
 London Chamber of Commerce," and, on rising to pro- 
 pose it, His Excellency the Hon. Joseph H. Choate, 
 Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the 
 United States, received a hearty greeting. 
 
 Speech of the Hon. Joseph H. Choate, the American Ambassador, 
 
 Mr. Pkesident, my Loeds and Gentlemen : I rise 
 to propose a loyal benediction in offering the last toast 
 in honor of the London Chamber, which I shall do 
 without more ado, and in as few words as possible. 
 This London Chamber of Commerce has done a noble 
 and magnanimous act in thus extending the right hand 
 of friendship to the most formidable rivals they have in 
 the kindred nation across the sea, an act of friendship 
 which, I believe, speaks the true sentiments of the vast 
 majority of the people on both sides of the Atlantic 
 towards the other nation. [Cheers.] It confirms the 
 conviction that rests strongly in my mind that com- 
 merce, no matter what has been its history in the past, 
 is now, and in the future will be, the real pacifier, the 
 peace maker, the blessing, the common and mutual 
 blessing of all mankind. It suggests, moreover, that 
 there is room enough in the world for these two branches 
 of the English speaking race each to follow out its own 
 destiny without coming into conflict with the other, that 
 their interests are so inextricably united that any real con- 
 
69 
 
 flict between them is impossible. [Hear, hear.] I trust, 
 gentlemen, that this visit which this notable gathering of 
 Americans has made here will be returned speedily, and 
 returned often, not by the merchants only, or the 
 lawyers, or the judges, but by the statesmen, and the 
 writers, and the engineers, and the mechanics and the 
 workingmen, [cheers,] so that we shall be better ac- 
 quainted with each other, because all that is necessary 
 to make us in future absolutely fast and close friends is 
 that we shall be, day by day and year by year, better 
 acquainted than we have been before. [Cheers.] And 
 so, as we have kept the peace for the last eighty-six 
 years, I believe, by the means I have indicated, we 
 shall be able to keep it for the next 860. [Cheers.] 
 Therefore, gentlemen, I give you health and prosperity 
 to the London Chamber of Commerce, and I couple 
 with it the name of that distinguished past president, 
 Mr. Albeet Sandeman, who will address you now. 
 [Cheers.] 
 
 The toast having been duly honored : 
 
 Mr. Albert Gr. Sandeman, Past-President of the 
 London Chamber of Commerce and ex-Governor of the 
 Bank of England, responded : 
 
 Speech of Mr. Albert O. Sandeman, Fast-President of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 YouE Excellency, my Loeds and Gentlemen : I 
 could have wished that one of the three past Presidents 
 who are here to-night might have been chosen to re- 
 spond to the toast which they could have done better 
 than I. We have Lord Avebuey, the distinguished 
 President ; Mr. Teitton, who was a distinguished 
 President, and Sir Albeet K. Rollit, who was my pred- 
 ecessor. I wish to thank Mr. Choate, the American 
 
70 
 
 Ambassador, most warmly for the kind words he has 
 used in speaking of the London Chamber of Commerce. 
 And I wish to return the warm thanks of the Chamber of 
 Commerce of London to him for the kind co-operation 
 he has given to the Chamber, especially in the service 
 he rendered in the reception of our American friends. 
 [Cheers.] I am perhaps the proper person to respond 
 to this toast, being the last ex- President and having 
 had the advantage of being President of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce when the invitation to the New- 
 York Chamber was sent and kindly accepted by them. 
 [Hear, hear.] I have also to acknowledge the many 
 kind messages which we have received from time to 
 time from the New- York Chamber, not the least of 
 them being the kind expressions they sent on the occa- 
 sion of the loss of our great Queen. [Hear, hear.] I do 
 not wish to trouble you with a long speech, but I can- 
 not sit down without expressing my thanks and those 
 of the Chamber to the Organizing Committee of the 
 London Chamber of Commerce, who have enabled ar- 
 rangements for the reception of our friends to be car- 
 ried out, and I would couple with that our thanks to 
 the staff of the London Chamber, whose labors, you 
 may imagine, have not been light. [Hear, hear.] I also 
 wish to express, as I know you would wish to express, 
 our thanks to the Grocers' Company for so kindly allow- 
 ing us to have this entertainment in their great hall. 
 [Cheers.] I have also to thank especially the Worship- 
 ful Master of the Company, Mr. Murkay Marshall, 
 for his great aid in our operations. [Cheers.] We are 
 extremely thankful to him for allowing us to have an 
 exhibition of their beautiful ancient plate, which is a 
 privilege not generally accorded to those to whom they 
 are sometimes kind enough to lend their hall. [Cheers.] 
 This is an occasion on which one's feelings rather over- 
 come one. I was very much impressed with the speech 
 of Mr. Jesup, whose expressions touched me extremely 
 
71 
 
 and were most gratifying to all of us. [Cheers.] With 
 regard to the remarks that have been made as to our 
 competing with our friends on the other side of the 
 Atlantic, I would say that the more we know of them 
 the better we are prepared to meet the competition we 
 have with them, and if we can learn from them how to 
 meet them in trade competition, they mayjlearn from us 
 something too, and altogether we may bring our com- 
 mercial affairs into line for the benefit of both countries. 
 [Cheers.] I thank you most heartily for the kind ex- 
 pressions you have used towards the London Chamber 
 of Commerce. [Loud cheers.] 
 
 The Chairman then declared the Banquet at an end. 
 
 RECEPTION BY LORD BRASSEY. 
 
 The Right Hon. Lord Brassey, K. C. B., President 
 of the Lon don Chamber of Commerce, gave a private 
 reception to the American delegates at his residence, 
 24 Park Lane, W., from ten to twelve, P. M., on Thurs- 
 day, June 6th, which was attended by a large number 
 of very distinguished guests. 
 
 RECEPTION BY THE LORD MAYOR. 
 
 On Friday, June 7th, the Right Hon. The Lord 
 Mayor, accompanied by the Lady Mayoress and Mr. 
 Alderman and Sheriff Vaughan Morgan and Mr. Sher- 
 iff Lawrence, M. P., received the delegates in the 
 saloon of the Mansion House at 12.30, P. M. The civic 
 party included the City Marshal, the Mace Bearer, the 
 Sword Bearer and the Recorder, in their respective 
 robes, and formed a most picturesque group. In the 
 midst of the busy hours of the day it was naturally 
 difficult for business men to spare the time to take part 
 in a social function. But, recognizing the unique char- 
 
72 
 
 acter of the occasion and desirous of doing honor to 
 the members of the New- York Chamber of Commerce, 
 many of the foremost men in the City of London man- 
 aged to get away from the cares of business for an hour 
 and attend the ceremony. Among those present were 
 the following, in addition to the American visitors : 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Brassey. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. the Earl of Meath. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Avebury. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Rothschild. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Revelstoke. 
 
 The Rt. Hon. Lord Hillingdon. 
 
 Sir Mark W. Collet. 
 
 Alderman Sir Joseph Dimsdale, M. P. 
 
 Sir Christopher Furness, M. P. 
 
 Sir Douglas Fox. 
 
 Sir E. GouRLAY. 
 
 Sir William H. Quayle Jones. 
 
 Sir John Jackson. 
 
 Sir Hiram S. Maxim. 
 
 Sir Samuel Montagu. 
 
 Sir W. D. Pearson, M. P. 
 
 Sir John H. Puleston. 
 
 Sir Albert K. Rollit, M. P. 
 
 Sir Vincent Kennett-Barrington. 
 
 Mr. Albert Gr. Sandeman. 
 
 Mr. Thomas P. Blackwell. 
 
 Mr. J. Innes Rogers. 
 
 Col. W. J. Alt. 
 
 Mr. E. T. Agius. 
 
 Mr. S. B. BouLTON. 
 
 Mr. Alex. Hargreaves Brown. 
 
 Mr. C. Langdon Davies. 
 
 Mr, Charles Charleton. 
 
 Mr. Henry Clarke. 
 
 Mr. Nathaniel L. Cohen. 
 
73 
 
 Mr. J. Denison-Pender. 
 
 Mr. William Field, M. P. 
 
 Mr. John S. Gilliat. 
 
 Mr. M. P. Grace. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. Hanson. 
 
 Mr. George N. Hooper. 
 
 Mr. W. Beoket Hill. 
 
 Mr. John J. Jackson. 
 
 Mr. Frank Johnston. 
 
 Mr. W. Keswick, M. P. 
 
 Dr. Walter Leaf. 
 
 Mr. C. Seton Lindsay. 
 
 The Hon. Charles N. Lawrence. 
 
 Mr. S. Hope Morley. 
 
 Mr. Magnus Mowat. 
 
 Mr. Sidney Morse. 
 
 Col. KoPER Parkington. 
 
 Majors. Flood Page. 
 
 Mr. Isaac Seligman. 
 
 Mr. Albert Spicer. 
 
 Mr. Felix O. Schuster. 
 
 Mr. E. Speyer. 
 
 Mr. J. H, Tritton. 
 
 Mr. Frederick Whinney. 
 
 Mr. Robert Wales. 
 
 At the conclusion of the reception the guests were 
 conducted by the Lord Mayor into the Egyptian Hall. 
 After grouping themselves around the civic party, Lord 
 Brassey advanced and introduced the visitors to the 
 Lord Mayor. 
 
 Speech of the Bt. Hon. Lord Brassey, President of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 My Lord Mayor : These gentlemen are here at the 
 invitation of the London Chamber of Commerce, an in- 
 
74 
 
 vitation which was given some time ago in recognition 
 of the good offices of the members of the New- York 
 Chamber of Commerce at a time when we were engaged 
 in difficult negotiations with the Government of the 
 United States. Their influence was used in the inter- 
 ests of peaceful solutions, and we have desired to mark 
 our appreciation of their friendship for this country, 
 the influence which they have always exercised in the 
 cause of peace and good relations, and we are proud to 
 welcome them amongst us to-day. [Hear, hear.] My 
 Lord Mayor, it would be felt by them and by the mem- 
 bers of the London Chamber that no welcome in this 
 old country would be, as it were, complete without the 
 sanction of the chief magistrate of this ancient and 
 noble capital. [Hear, hear.] We appreciate extremely 
 your kindness and your sympathy with the occasion 
 and we thank you from our hearts for your kind wel- 
 come this morning. [Cheers.] 
 
 The Lord Mayor, in reply, said : 
 
 Speech of the Rt. Hon. the Lord Mayor. 
 
 My Loed Brassey and Gentlemen : You will allow 
 me in the first place, I am sure, to thank Lord Brassey 
 for his great kindness in coming here this morning and 
 in introducing to me and to my sheriffs the distin- 
 guished gentlemen who form a great portion possibly of 
 the New- York Chamber of Commerce; at all events 
 they are those who are representatives of that Chamber. 
 I desire to assure them how cordial is the welcome 
 which, as the Chief Magistrate of the City, I wish to 
 extend to them on the occasion of their visit to the 
 Mansion House. And I desire to do that not alone on 
 my own behalf, nor alone on behalf of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce, but especially on behalf of the 
 citizens of London generally. [Hear, hear.] The 
 
75 
 
 Mansion House, as you know, my Lord Beasset, has 
 on various occasions been honored by a visit from 
 many eminent men coming from all parts of the world ; 
 but I doubt if an}"^ occasion has yet arisen upon which 
 the Chief Magistrate has had a greater or better occa- 
 sion to congratulate himself than I have to-day on the 
 visit with which these gentlemen have so kindly 
 honored me ; [hear, hear ;] and I hope they will be 
 good enough to take back with them to New- York the 
 assurance that they have received here this morning a 
 welcome not only cordial but a welcome of the utmost 
 possible sincerity. We recognize in their presence here 
 to-day the cordial feelings that they desire should 
 animate and permeate the relations and the connections 
 between England and America ; [hear, hear ;] and I am 
 quite sure that few things, if any, can better promote 
 that good understanding, that perfect amity which 
 should subsist between two great nations, combined the 
 greatest nations in the world, speaking one and the 
 same language, more than gatherings such as this. 
 [Hear, hear.] It has been gratifying to us to know that 
 the representatives of the London Chamber of Com- 
 merce were received in so markedly friendly a manner 
 by the American Chamber of New- York some few 
 years since, and it is a matter of great gratification to 
 us to know and to believe that the London Chamber of 
 Commerce have not been slow in reciprocating the 
 reception that they received on the occasion to which I 
 have ventured to refer. I venture to hope that the 
 gentlemen from New- York who have honored us with 
 their presence here to-day will carry back with them a 
 pleasant reminiscence of their visit to the City of 
 London, and will believe that they, at all times, will be 
 most welcome here, [hear, hear,] and in the community 
 of feeling and the good understanding which is pro- 
 moted by such visits we are quite sure that they are 
 doing one of the greatest and most useful works that 
 
76 
 
 can possibly be accomplished. You will permit me to 
 say, in conclusion, I am sure, that I was very much 
 struck in reading in the papers yesterday the statesman- 
 like speech which you, Lord Brassey, if you will 
 permit me to say so, made at the great gathering on 
 Wednesday evening. That, in combination with the 
 speech of Mr. Jesup, who I am pleased to see is present 
 this morning, [cheers,] convinced me how cordial were 
 the feelings that subsisted between the two great coun- 
 tries ; and I know no words that can better illustrate 
 the feelings which I am quite sure the citizens of 
 London generally entertain than those words of Mr. 
 Jesup. They are very few, yet they comprise so much, 
 and, therefore, I venture to repeat them : "No jealous 
 rivalry exists between the two peoples. There could be 
 none. We are of the same race, the same blood ; we 
 have the same language and traditions. We have the 
 same religion, civilization and laws. We could only be 
 rivals in the effort which each might put forth, actuated 
 by the same desires, to carry to the ends of the earth 
 the blessings of our civil and religious liberty.'* 
 [Cheers.] Gentlemen, I say those are great words, 
 words of the most sterling worth, and I do venture to 
 say, on behalf of the citizens of London, they are words 
 which we receive in the spirit in which they ought to be 
 received, and which we echo with sentiments of the 
 most heartfelt and fervent character. [Cheers.] 
 
 Mr. Morris K. Jesup, President of the Chamber 
 of Commerce of the State of New- York, after cordially 
 shaking hands with the Lord Mayor, replied : 
 
 Speech of Mr. Morris E. Jesnp. 
 
 Your Lordship : It is a great privilege and pleasure 
 to me to represent as I do my associates here. I think 
 
77 
 
 I speak the sentiments of their hearts as well as my 
 own when I say that the kindnesses we have received in 
 various ways since our arrival in London have capti- 
 vated our hearts. We are the children of this great 
 country, and coming here is like coming home. [Hear, 
 hear.] I thank your lordship for your kindly words ; 
 I thank Lord Brassey for his kindly words and for all 
 the kind words that we have received since we have 
 been here. I can only repeat, sir, what I said at the 
 banquet the other night, that "kind words are the 
 music of the world." [Cheers.] 
 
 The toasts of " The King" and of " The President of 
 the United States" were subsequently given by the 
 Lord Mayor and enthusiastically honored — in giving 
 the latter toast the Lord Mayor saying : "I am quite 
 sure we cannot forget Mrs. McKinley, and we trust it 
 may please Providence to restore her shortly to health 
 and strength." 
 
 Before the party left the Mansion House the Lady 
 Mayoress received the guests in the drawing room. 
 
 LUNCHEON BY THE LONDON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. 
 
 Immediately following the reception at the Mansion 
 House the following gentlemen, presided over by Mr. 
 Albert G-. Sattdeman, Past-President of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce, were entertained at luncheon by 
 the London Chamber in the Court Room at Salters' 
 Hall, St. S within' s Lane, E. C. : 
 
 Mr. Morris K. Jesup. 
 The Earl of Meath. 
 Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss. 
 
78 
 
 Mr. Andrew Carnegie. 
 
 Sir Mark W. Collet. 
 
 Mr. Levi C. Weir. 
 
 Mr. J. Innes Rogers. 
 
 Mr. A. Barton Hepburn. 
 
 Mr. John I. Waterbury. 
 
 Mr. A. C. Cole. 
 
 Mr. Charles Lanier. 
 
 Mr. George Gray Ward. 
 
 Sir Vincent Kennett-Barrinton. 
 
 Mr. W. Becket Hill. 
 
 Mr. William H. Parsons. 
 
 Mr. Edmund Arthur Smith. 
 
 Mr. James Speyer. 
 
 Mr. A. S. Williams. 
 
 Mr. William Bayard Cutting. 
 
 Major S. Flood Page. 
 
 Mr. A. Foster Higgins. 
 
 Sir John Jackson. 
 
 Mr. Isaac Seligman. 
 
 Mr. IsiDOR Straus. 
 
 Mr. Eugene Delano. 
 
 Mr. Kenric B. Murray. 
 
 Mr. George Wilson. 
 
 Maitre Labori. 
 
 Mr. Charles Charleton. 
 
 Mr. Felix O. Schuster. 
 
 Mr. James W. Pinchot. 
 
 Mr. E. L. Scott. 
 
 Mr. James McCreery. 
 
 Mr. Charles A. Schieren. 
 
 Mr. Henry Clarke. 
 
 Mr. Clarence Cary. 
 
 Mr. Vernon H. Brown. 
 
 Mr. Frederick Whinney. 
 
 Mr. Francis R. Appleton. 
 
 Mr. S. Hope Morley. 
 
79 
 
 Mr. John T. Terry. 
 
 Mr. Thomas F. Blackwell. 
 
 Mr. Nathaniel L. Cohen. 
 
 After partaking of luncheon the following interchange 
 of sentiment took place : 
 
 Speech of Mr. Albert 0. Sandeman, Past-President of the London 
 Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Gentlmen : I am very sorry that Lord Brassey, 
 the President of the London Chamber of Commerce, 
 was obliged to leave after the meeting at the Mansion 
 House, so he deputed me to take his place here to-day. 
 We do not propose to have any toasts — we drank the 
 health of our King and your President at the Mansion 
 House this morning. There is only one toast I propose 
 to offer to you, and I cannot do it without a certain feel- 
 ing of melancholy, namely, the toast of our departing 
 guests. Since the arrival of our guests, the more we 
 have seen of our brothers from the other side of the 
 Atlantic the more we have learned to love them. 
 [Cheers.] If our feelings towards those gentlemen who 
 have come over from New- York at our invitation is any 
 criterion of the general feelings of the English people 
 towards the Americans, I can only say that these feel- 
 ings must be of the most cordial character. It is with 
 the greatest regret that I, personally, and I am sure all 
 those connected with the London Chamber of Com- 
 merce, will shake hands for the last time with our 
 friends. [Hear, hear.] The sentiments that have been 
 expressed by Mr. Jesup and various members of the 
 New- York Chamber of Commerce will ever live in our 
 memories [hear, hear], and I hope that some of us will 
 be able to accept the kind invitation which has been 
 given to us to go over to New- York and be welcomed 
 there by them. [Cheers.] For myself it will afford me 
 
80 
 
 the greatest pleasure and satisfaction to go, but whether 
 I shall be able to accomplish the journey or not I cannot 
 say at the present moment ; these things do not rest 
 entirely with one's own feelings. The only thing is I 
 should rather be afraid of my welcome there — I should 
 be afraid that I should be treated too well. [Laughter.] 
 I do not intend to detain you with any words of mine 
 because I am going to ask my friend, Mr. Blackwell, 
 the Chairman of the Council of the London Chamber of 
 Commerce, to say a few words. As time is valuable, 
 and we all have business to do during the afternoon, I 
 will only repeat that it is with feelings of the greatest 
 regret we shall part with you, and you will have our 
 best wishes for God-speed when you leave us for a happy 
 voyage across the Atlantic and a safe return to your 
 native country. [Cheers.] 
 
 Speech of Mr. Thomas F. Blackwell, Chairman of the Council of 
 the London Chamber of Commerce. 
 
 Mr. Chairman and Gtentlemen : It is with great 
 pleasure that I respond to the invitation of the 
 Chairman to say a few words in support of this 
 toast ; not that I am able to add anything to what 
 he has said or to the feelings that he has ex- 
 pressed. But, perhaps, there is some fitness in my 
 appearance here to-day, first, as Chairman of the 
 Council of the London Chamber of Commerce, which 
 represents, as it were, the organizations of to-day, and, 
 secondly, as a past master and as the elected master for 
 the next year of this Salters' Company, [cheers,] which 
 represents the old method of trade in the past when 
 everything was protected, when nobody could trade in 
 the City of London unless he was a Freeman of the 
 city, when no man could be a Salter or a dry Salter 
 unless he was a member of the Salters' Company, when 
 every man had to be apprenticed to his business — 
 
81 . 
 
 which, by the way, I very much regret is not in vogue 
 to-day. [Cheers.] But we, as the Salters' Corapany,- 
 try to supplement that by taking an interest and by 
 supporting liberally the cause of technical education. 
 [Cheers.] I am not going to trouble you with the his- 
 tory of the Salters' Company or the Chamber of Com- 
 merce, but I am going to re-echo again and again those 
 expressions of good will towards those members of the 
 New- York Chamber of Commerce who have honored, 
 us with their presence during the last few days. I 
 trust they will carry back with them the pleasantest 
 recollections of their visit. From the King and the 
 Lord Mayor down to the humblest merchant of London 
 we have all joined in giving expression of our good 
 will, and have felt the kindliest feelings towards all the 
 members of that Chamber. I wish to say how very 
 fully I appreciate the good will that has been expressed 
 by your members. I think that your President, and 
 those who have spoken on various occasions, have 
 placed the question of commercial relations upon the 
 highest possible plane. I think we all feel that whilst 
 we trade to make money we trade also to make our 
 name and our credit. Whether that name and that 
 credit is individual or national we all desire that trade 
 shall reflect the best characters of the people, and shall 
 be for the prosperity and good of the world. [Cheers,] 
 I recognize, as we all must recognize, the growing 
 importance of the competition from the United States, 
 but, speaking as an Englishman, with a good many 
 years experience of business, I have never been afraid 
 of competition. [Cheers.] I think it is a most whole- 
 some thing for a person, or a company or a nation, and 
 I believe we shall be able to face any amount of fair 
 competition, [cheers,] and that instead of there result- 
 ing from that competition any feelings of animosity 
 there will spring up between us those feelings of good 
 will and brotherly friendship which have been so well 
 
82 
 
 expressed by your members. I have great pleasure in 
 seconding and supporting the toast which has been pro- 
 posed by the Chairman — the health of our departing 
 guests, our extreme regret at losing their companion- 
 ship, their good health and safe return. [Cheers.] 
 
 The toast was enthusiastically honored. 
 
 Speech of Mr. Morris K. Jesup, President of tlie Chamber of Com- 
 merce of the State of New-York. 
 
 Mk. Chaiemais' akd Gentlemen : I have but just 
 one word to say. While I am very proud of the 
 kindness that we have received since we have been 
 in London, I must confess to a little selfishness and 
 say that I am proud of my fellow-members who have 
 accompanied me across the water. [Hear, hear.] I 
 think you will excuse me from responding to this toast 
 when I tell you we have among our associates one 
 whom we not only claim as a brother but is claimed 
 here also as yours, one whom we love and respect, and 
 whose character and reputation are so well estab- 
 lished that he has the honor of the world. Mr. Chair- 
 man, with your permission, I ask that you will excuse 
 me from responding, and accept of the suggestion 
 that I now make, that Mr. Andrew Caknegie, who is 
 a Vice-President of our Chamber, should respond 
 to this toast which you have so kindly given. [Cheers.] 
 
 Speech of Mr. Andrew Carnegie, Yice-President of the Chamber 
 of Commerce of the State of New-York. 
 
 Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen : The President 
 has not told you the reason why he asks me to 
 speak in his place. It is really because his heart 
 is so full that he dreads having to speak the part- 
 ing words between you and us. [Cheers.] He sails 
 
88 
 
 across the Atlantic next week, and he said to rae : 
 "Carnegie, you know that you are going to remain 
 here for the summer, so the parting will not be 
 half as hard for you as it must be for me." Gentlemen, 
 we are assembled here, Britons and Americans — could 
 any man point out the one from the other ? Not one 1 
 [Hear, hear,] I think we have cause for mutual con- 
 gratulations, the Americans that the English, are such a 
 good-looking race, and also, perhaps, you will feel 
 that the Americans are not degenerate sons. [Hear, 
 hear.] One note has pervaded all that has happened in 
 this triumphant success of your mission, Mr. President, 
 and that is the wish expressed by both parties that we 
 may draw closer together, [Hear, hear.] We have 
 heard that blood is thicker than water. Well, I tell 
 you, gentlemen, I think the day is coming when it will 
 be as much thicker than water as that Devonshire 
 cream is in which you can stick a stone and it will 
 stand bolt upright. That is what we are coming to. 
 As I sat here I have been thinking of Carlyle's words, 
 speaking of the race: "We are all subjects of King 
 Shakespeare." Gentlemen, where is the English- 
 man, Scotchman, Irishman or Welshman, where is the 
 English-speaking man who does not feel that he is also 
 under the sway of that British subject, British soldier, 
 and first American, George Washington ? And, 
 coming a little nearer home, are there many English- 
 speaking men who are not impressed, who are not 
 swayed, by the memory of that other English- American, 
 Abraham Lincoln? [Hear, hear.] Yes, and coming 
 to our own day — and this I will speak boldly and 
 without fear of contradiction — there is scarcely any 
 American that lives who does not feel himself to be 
 the subject of your late lamented Queen Victoria. 
 [Cheers.] She stood the friend of the Republic in 
 every act and word and deed, as our President pointed 
 out in his admirable address ; and happy are we to 
 
84 
 
 know, as we do know, that her son, his Majesty, follows 
 in her footsteps. I have known the Prince of Wales 
 long, since the day that I took him on a locomotive over 
 the Alleghany mountains ; and I know that, strong as 
 his august mother was in her love of the kin across the 
 sea, that man is imbued with the same sentiments, and 
 he has shown that to all of us in a way that America 
 will never forget. [Cheers.] With regard to our own 
 President, it has been my privilege to know President 
 McKiNLEY since I have known many men. I saw him 
 recently in Washington in his own house. We then 
 had a conversation on general subjects, and he took 
 occasion to express his delight at the fact that Britain 
 and the United States in China had been in sympathy. 
 Why if, as I predict, the race is coming together, and 
 after a while we are proud of the race as we are now 
 proud of the sections of the race, and if we were to 
 form a society consisting of the sons and daughters ot 
 the English-speaking race, I believe you would all want 
 to join. [Hear, hear.] The first members I should pro- 
 pose as honorary life members would be your crowned 
 king and our uncrowned king, the King of England 
 and the President of the United States. And let me 
 say this, I do not believe you could name two men 
 to-day who reciprocate the feelings that we have 
 towards each other, and who think more of their kin 
 beyond the sea, than they do. I thank you, Mr. Presi- 
 dent, for this opportunity of saying the last word, but 
 it shall not be farewell, a word that has been and must 
 be a word that makes us ponder. Farewell ? no ! I 
 rather like the poet's concluding line "Farewell ! there 
 can be no farewell to scenes like this ; they linger in the 
 memory." So I am sure, to our last day, must linger 
 in our memories this grand re union of the commercial 
 bodies of the new and the old land. I shall rather end 
 my farewell in the Scotch form — so many good things 
 come from Scotland. [Laughter.] After we Scotch 
 
85 
 
 people have had a night, or on a joyous occasion we 
 usually say, "Happy to meet, sorry to part, but happy 
 to meet again." [Cheers.] 
 
 A photograph of the delegates and their hosts was 
 subsequently taken on the steps of the Hall. 
 
<t(^ 
 
 61 
 
 YE 1447