UCSB LIBRARY CL~-7 /D < Jfamtlp Defcendants of Shadmcb 1656-1898 A V\(gw Edition *with Supplement by WARREN vHAPGOOD {Member England Hiftoric-Genealogical Society BOSTON Publifhed by the Compiler T.&HAPOOOOJR 1898 ITEMS. COPIES of this Genealogy are for sale by George E. Littlefield, 67 Cornhill, Boston, and Damrell & Upham, " The Old Corner Book Store," 283 Washington, corner of School Street, Boston. Price Five Dollars. ANY person discovering errors or omissions will kindly report them to Melvin H. Hapgood, Hartford, Conn., who, we trust, will live to issue a new and improved edition. TITLE page contributed by Theodore B. Hapgood, Jr., illustrator and designer, Boston. HABGOOD ARMS Or, on an anchor between three fishes naiant, az. CREST a sword and quill in saltire proper. PRINTED by the American Printing and Engraving Company, 50 Arch Street, Boston. (3) flQTE. THE plan of the First Edition, in dividing the work into two chapters, has been followed in this, as being more con- venient than giving to each generation a chapter, especially where they are so small. . The black-faced Arabic numerals on the extreme left hand of the page, directly opposite the name to be carried forward, refer to a like number in the centre of the page, where a fuller and more complete record of the person will be found. This central number also refers back to its fellow in the margin. Under each reference number in the middle of the page, the head of the family in Roman Capitals will be observed, while those in italics, immediately following in parenthesis, denote the lineal descent from Shadrach 1 , his children 2 , and so on down to the generation in hand. The small superior figures after the Christian name, in all cases, indicate the generation to which such person is removed from the first immigrant. At the left hand of the family of Hapgood children, in the order of their birth, is placed a column of Roman numerals, signifying the number of children in such family. The female line of descent is not traced beyond grand- children, except in a few instances copied from the first edition, and these grandchildren are numbered in the margin by Arabic numerals. Abbreviations have been very little used, and when introduced are of such familiar character as to require no explanation : gr. for great, grd. for grand, bap. baptized, b. born, d. died, dau. daughter, m. married, r. resided at, rs. resides at, s. p. (Sine frole), without issue, unm. unmarried, and possibly a few others, readily understood, may be encountered. (*) PREFACE. QUITE early in life our curiosity was aroused by the tales and discussions about the origin of the Hapgood race in America, but no definite conclusion was ever reached as to where they came from, or in what numbers. There was a sort of unreliable tradition that three brothers came over from England, one settling near Providence, one in Boston, and one in Middlesex County. The story had no foundation in fact, and died when the first edition of the Genealogy was born. They were here, and it should be known from whence they came, at what time they arrived, their condition and standing. Facilities for research were not then as ample as at present. We puzzled over the problem considerably during the earlier portion of our business career, without arriving at any satisfactory result. About the year 1859, we became acquainted with the Rev. Abner Morse, then a noted genealogist, antiquarian, and man of letters. Being then in active business, we could not afford the time required for such research, nor had we the talents necessary for its successful prosecution. We had, however, been moderately successful in business, and felt that we could afford to have the records searched, and our life-long curiosity gratified. The matter was laid before Mr. Morse, who readily saw the importance of such a compilation, and cheerfully entered upon its manifold duties and trials. 'About two years were consumed in collecting and arranging necessary statistics. State archives, town and church records and histories were searched, mortuary monuments inspected, traditions and oral testimony sifted, and, in 1862, the little volume was launched upon the community. The Hapgood family had not expanded as rapidly as some of the other immigrants, the interest in the work was languid, and we presumed the worthy author was somewhat disappointed by the limited (5) 6 HAPGOOD FAMILY. demand for the book. There were, as there must of neces- sity always be, in first editions of this kind, many errors and omissions, and we then pledged ourselves, if life and health were vouchsafed us for a quarter century, we would then essay a new edition, with such additions and .amendments, as would be required to bring dates and records down to the time of issue. From time to time, items of value as they appeared were garnered up, so as to form a nucleus for the more extended work, but it did not amount to so very much when the twenty-five years had expired. How very brief, looking backward, is a quarter century ! We hesitated, pondered, reflected, did not really feel equal to the task ; and yet, felt it in our heart, that some one ought to do it. We remem- bered the very wise advice of Polonius to his son Laertes, " to thine own self be true," and as the pledge was made, it must be redeemed or we to ourselves prove false. Still we vacillated for several years, and finally, in 1894, set seriously to work ; issued circulars and blanks, wrote num- erous letters, searched town records and state archives, vexed the souls of innumerable relatives and friends, and performed such other menial service as, from time immemo- rial, genealogists have been obliged to endure. We had flattered ourselves that as the family was small, by the aid of the first edition as a guide, six months or a year would give ample time for its completion. Had all the members responded promptly, much time and patience would have been saved ; but in no event could the work be done in a year. With the apathy, indifference, and lack of interest one encounters, six years would be all too short a time. Possibly it is well for us that we do not always foresee the obstacles that hedge us about, for if we did, no attempt would be made to do anything. We had from many quar- ters, the most gratifying assurance of sympathy, generous aid, co-operation and encouragement ; while from others we were consoled by cool neglect. Obstacles "too numerous PREFACE. 7 to mention " were cast before us, but we struggled on with a devotion worthy of any cause, and are now ready at the end of nearly four years of constant labor and anxiety, to lay the volume before our readers, with all its imperfections and shortcomings upon its head, in the hope that they will ex- ercise the same degree of patience and forbearance that the Compiler has. Many of our relatives and friends have laid us under a deep debt of obligation by kindly examining records, searching church registers and graveyards, writing letters, and giving their time freely to the cause, and, in various ways, contributing to the final completion of the work. The prefatory remarks upon the origin and location of the family in England, as well as the settlement in this country, together with the introduction to Chapters I. and II., and the early history of Nathaniel and Thomas and their descendants, are mostly transcribed from the first edition. Other parts of the first edition have been so modified and mingled with the material of the new edition, as to render analysis and due acknowledgment almost impossible, and they have been presented as original. The records of the Maine and Northern New York fami- lies are almost entirely new, and much new matter has been added to all the other branches, and still there is much left to the future gleaner. In our final "round up," we find there are many stragglers afield, which, we trust, some brave soul will, in the future, undertake to discover, and bring into the fold. The sources of information are so varied and obscure, as to tax to the utmost one's skill and patience in research ; town records have not always been properly kept; some have been destroyed by fire; church records, at best, are limited ; traditions are unreliable and memories treacherous. To say an event was "probably" so and so, is not very clear, definite, or satisfactory, leaving to the compiler the duty of analyzing and adopting. All this requires patience, perseverance, endurance, energy. The 8 HAPGOOD FAMILY. most discouraging feature one encounters is the withholding of family records by individuals, that should be promptly and cheerfully rendered ; appeal to them again and again, and no response is heard ; attempt a flank movement, and the result is the same ; they must, of necessity, be left out, and have no one to blame but themselves. They seem to have no reverence, no respect, for the sacred memories of noble and patriotic ancestors. " Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them," seems never to have entered their code of ethics. There was during the last and early part of the present century, a most reliable source of information, which, we are sorry to believe, is falling into desuetude. We refer to the family Bible, in which all births, marriages, and deaths were carefully registered. Few families were so poor as not to possess one or more of these reliable records ; but to-day we fear the Bible does not hold that sacred place in the family which it did two or three generations ago. To say there is less respect for the Old and more for the New would not probably be wide of the mark. We erect statues, monuments, and buildings in memory of our brave, self-sacrificing, worthy citizens, but the best monument to commemorate their noble deeds is the written page. Efforts have been made to discover the origin and history of the Hapgood race in England, without success. Certain incidents have been elicited that may ultimately lead to a disclosure of the facts that will unite the younger branches in America and the elder in England into one harmonious whole. The gutteral sound of the name Habgood would seem to indicate its Saxon origin or derivation ; but whether it was introduced into England during the Saxon rule in the fifth or sixth century, or had a lodgement there at a later period, is to us unknown. It would seem most probable that they were in the realm at an early period. Thomas Hapgood who married, October I, 1587, Helena Earle, daugh- ter of Richard Earle, of Collingbourne, Kingston, England, PREFACE. 9 was knighted in Elizabeth's time. About 1859, Mr. Morse entered into a correspondence with Mr. Somerby, the well- known antiquarian, then residing in London, to see what could be learned about the Hapgood race in England. He visited Andover and places adjacent thereunto, probably including Penton, only two and three-quarters miles distant, where resided Peter Noyes, an uncle of Shadrach. Much of the skeleton of a record of Shadrach's parentage and early career was obtained from this source, and while it did not disclose any tangible, lineal descent, it did proclaim the time and place of embarkation of the first Hapgood emigrant for America. It would be exceedingly gratifying to the descendants of the Hapgood and other New England fami- lies, to become better acquainted with the home life of their progenitors, their condition, character, and standing. The Hapgood family is not numerous, nor has it produced many very distinguished men in art, science, or literature, or as statemen, jurists, or generals ; and yet, they have been true, loyal, and patriotic ; serving in the Indian and Colonial Wars and War of Revolution, and numerously in the War of Rebellion. They were among the earlier settlers of New England, from the farming districts of the south of England, and were by nature, instinct, and heredity farmers ; selecting and cultivating their lands with exceeding good taste and judgment, and so long as they stuck to husbandry were pros- perous, and the peers of any other class. Those who have abandoned agriculture as a vocation, have hardly sustained the well-earned reputation bequeathed to them. The early generations purchased extensive tracts of land, built large houses, barns, and other buildings, and apparently aspired to manorial possessions, but never seemed to have any ambi- tion for public life. The gilded dome or tented field had no attraction for them: High office means great responsibility ; immense wealth is a symbol of anxiety and unrest. To sum it all up, is not the condition of the "well-to-do" farmer, in his quiet home, rather to be chosen, than the uncertain 10 HAPGOOD FAMILY. rewards of office, the anxieties of commercial enterprises, or the watchful, chafing care of great wealth ? The earlier gen- erations had mostly large families of children, with males in numerical predominance, while latterly the families of children are small, with females in excess to such extent as to jeopardize the perpetuity of the race. In 1888, when in London, we had several interviews with Henry F. Waters, Esq., one of the best archaeologists America has had there, and after much persuasion, he con- sented to visit Andover and its neighborhood, and see what he could make out. He did not, however, succeed in finding statistics of much value. He found records of Hapgoods, but did not have the good fortune to connect the names with any in this country, and they were not available for the work in hand. These papers will be found in the appendix, with others of no positive value, other than to satisfy the reader that no pains have been spared to secure the records of the family in England, as well as this country. Through the kindness of Rev. E. E. Hale, D. D., we received a letter from H. J. Hapgood, Esq., private secretary to the younger Gladstone, which throws some light upon the orthography and other matters. There are families of Hapgoods in the United States, which we have not been able to trace back to a connection with Shadrach or his kindred. We cannot help believing that Professor George Thomas Hapgood, of Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas, is not so very remotely connected with our family. The Christian names of his family are almost identical with those of Shadrach and his descendants, who were doubtless named after ancestors or relatives in the mother country. There is a very respectable family in Ohio, whose origin is obscure, and yet we are confident they are of the same race as Shad- rach. These items, with others, are thrown together as a sort of appendix to the volume for what they are worth, in the hope that some future gleaner may derive some benefit from them, or that they may present a clue to something of value. PREFACE. 11 Some articles of our own, that have from time to time appeared in print, mostly of a sporting character, have been collected and published herewith as a " Supplement," not so much for their intrinsic value as to swell the little volume to a respectable size. In fact, from the very first setting out upon this prolonged task, we have been impressed with the idea that there would not be data sufficient in so small a family to form a volume, and that, in order to produce a book, we must press into service all the material that was germain. The first edition of Hapgood genealogy was bound with other families in order to make a book. Of itself, in double-leaded small pica, it would have made a pamphlet of about seventy pages. After all the material had been assembled, we found, much to our surprise, that by ad- mitting small portions of somewhat extraneous matter, and by using heavy paper and leading out the lines, while it might be pleasant to the eyes of the reader, the book would be in bulk much beyond previous estimates. This was not, however, discovered till the manuscript was in the hands of the printer, and it was too late to eliminate without marring the beauty and symmetry of the work, and we reluctantly acceded to its being sent forth in its present turgid condi- tion. While it might appear invidious for us to mention some of the most ardent co-workers, we desire in the most hearty and sincere manner to tender to all, who have in any way rendered the least assistance, our warmest thanks. Without their aid -the work in hand would never have been finished. It was our aim and purpose from the beginning, to present a copy to each person who in any way cheerfully contributed anything toward the rearing of the structure. This plan we shall endeavor to carry out ; nor did we intend to offer any for sale. More mature deliberation has induced us to modify this conclusion. Since the book would be for free delivery, the demand would likely be large, and to terminate an endless correspondence, and save ourselves from the liability 12 HAPGOOD FAMILY. to constant annoyance, we shall place the books on sale. (See page 3.) And here our constructive labor ends, with a regret that we have not been able to make it more perfect and complete ; but we have done our level best " Angels can no more." WARREN HAPGOOD, Compiler, 469 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, BOSTON. May, 1898. TABLE Op CO^TE^TS. Frontispiece Title Page 1 Miscellaneous Items . 3 Explanatory Notes 4 Preface 5 Table of Contents 13 List of Illustrations 15 Hapgood Family, First Generation 17 Chapter I, Second Generation 27 Third Generation 32 Fourth Generation 42 Fifth Generation 55 Sixth Generation 80 Seventh Generation 127 Eighth Generation 156 Hapgood Family, Chapter II, Second Generation . . 160 Third Generation 173 Fourth Generation 181 Fifth Generation 191 Sixth Generation 237 Seventh Generation 306 Appendix Other Hapgood Families 335 The Ohio Family 335 Descendants of John Hapgood, England .... 342 A Family from Prince Edward Island .... 345 A Family residing in St. Louis 346 Notes and Comments by Henry F. Waters . . 347 Letter from H. J. Hapgood, London, England . 352 (13) 14 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Hapgood Revolutionary War Records .... 354 Hapgoods in the Civil War 358 Supplement Introductory 361 Brant Geese, Habits, etc 363 Game Birds of New England 370 Range and Rotary Movements of Limicolae . . . 379 Address at Dedication of Harvard Library . . . 399 Letter from Italy 409 A Trans-Continental Trip . 411 Sporting in the Far West 445 Letter from California 452 Recollections of a Half Century 455 Brant Shooting at Cape Cod, 1881 467 " " 1882 485 " " " 1887 489 " " " " " 1888 ....... 491 " " " 1890 495 " " " 1891 499 " " " " 1892 ...... 502 " " " 1894 505 " " " " " 1895 ........ 511 " " " 1896 516 Resignation Address and Note 522 Partridge, (Quail) Shooting, North Carolina . . 528 Two Letters from County line 529 Dublin Lake Trout 534 Trout Fishing in Yosemite Valley 535 Sporting in South Lancaster 536 Sporting in Littleton . 538 Index of Persons 539 Index of Towns ... 584 bIST Op ILLUSTRATIONS. Frontispiece (Mansion house, Harvard). Commission to Shadrach Hapgood 38 Mercy (Goldsmith) Maynard . . 48 George Hapgood 70 Charlotte (Mead) Hapgood 76 Hannah (Hapgood) Gamage 78 Dea. Jonathan Fairbank 78b Andrew S. Hapgood 98 Jonathan Fairbank Hapgood Ill Theodore Goldsmith Hapgood 116 Warren Hapgood 119 Julia Adelaide (Gamage) Hapgood 126 Lemuel Bicknell Hapgood 151 John Guy Hapgood and Family 158 Gen. Charles H. Taylor . . . . 215 Isabel Florence Hapgood 257 Rev. George Grout Hapgood, D.D 265 Charles H. Hapgood 269 Thomas Emerson Hapgood 297 Julien Weeks Hapgood, wife and daughter .... 319 Col. Charles Edward Hapgood 320 Francis Calvin Hapgood 323 Melvin Hathaway Hapgood 332 George Negus Hapgood 335 William Hapgood 339 Live Brant Decoys 363 Shore Birds (Limicolse) 379 Harvard Library and Soldiers' Monument 399 Warren Hapgood, and pointer, Mark 455 Brant Box and Decoys in Position 467 Resident Members Monomoy Branting Club .... 507 (15) 16 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Monomoy, Providence, and Manchester Club Houses . 516 Starting out for a Day's Hunt 528 At Lunch, County Line, N. C 530 Dublin Lake Trout 534 Yosemite Valley Trout 535 Rufus Eager and his Day's Work 537 Peter S. Whitcomb 538 HAPGOOD. FIRST GENERATION. ORIGIN OF THE FAMILY IN ENGLAND AND FIRST IMMIGRANT. HAPGOOD, originally Habgood, is an ancient name, as the simplicity of the arms of Habgood denotes, and no doubt originated when the Normans were mixing their corrupt Latin with the Saxon, and laying the foundation of the English language. It would, on this hypothesis, date as far back as the adoption of surnames, in the twelfth and thir- teenth centuries. In England the name of Hapgood is rare, if not now unknown, but Habgood is not uncommon; and that the latter was the true orthography of the name, is evi- dent from its occurrence in signatures to the wills and deeds of the grandparents of Hapgoods now living. The name of their emigrant ancestor in the settlement of his estate in 1675 was uniformly spelled Habgood, as it had been in the record of his marriage in 1664. One, certainly, and proba- bly both of his sons, preserved the same orthography, as did some of his grandsons ; and there is not a Hapgood in this country who may not by inheritance claim the more eupho- nious and ennobled English name of Habgood. But if this was the true spelling, how came it to be altered ? It hap- pened, as I conceive, on this wise. The pronunciation of the name, as often occurs, first became corrupted, and this led reporters and clerks, both in Old and New England, into wrong spelling. When once entered wrong upon a muster 17 18 HAPGOOD FAMILY. roll it would so remain, and be so used in issuing summonses, levying taxes, and assigning lands. The public records, and not the usage of the family, would be the standard, and the name would continue to be erroneously written, until the race, from fashion or convenience, or to hold their lands, adopted the change. Many New England names by such entries became altered, and only one, to my knowledge, ever succeeded in conquering the record, and this they did at the end of 140 years. The corruption of this name was not improbably aided by the published account of the Indian massacre at Brookfield, in which Captain Wheeler spells the name Hapgood. It had previously been spelled by another, Hopgood. Each of the three modes of spelling occur in Southampton, England, viz., at Andover, Tangley, Mottis- font, and North Stoneham. At Weyhill the name cannot be found. SHADRACH HAPGOOD was the common ancestor of all the New England Hapgoods.* He was nearly related to two of the early planters of Sudbury, viz., Peter Noyes, and Peter Noyes (or Haynes), Senior, both of whom were from Southampton, England, and were men of wealth and stand- ing in the Colony, f He was brought over in his youth, and no doubt completed his minority with his distinguished uncle, Peter Noyes. Of his antecedents no information has been obtained beyond the record of his embarkation. Through the liberality of Warren Hapgood, Esq., of Boston, I have been enabled to procure an extensive examination of records in London and Southampton without finding his name. From returns, however, it appears that the name first occurred in that county about 1600, when six of the name in the central and west part of the county made their wills, 1603-1638, viz. y John Hopgood of * Also, with few exceptions, of all the Hapgoods in this country. f Peter Noyes was from Penton, Mewsey, only two and three-quarters miles from Andover, where, as I believe, the father of Shadrach Habgood was born, and only a quar- ter of a mile from Weyhill, from whence, according to family tradition, Mr. Noyes came. (See letter of H. F. Waters in the Appendix.) FIRST GENERATION. 19 Andover, 1608 ; John Habgood the elder, yeoman, of Andover, 1615 ; Widow Joan Hapgood of Tangley, February 21, 1603, which was proved April 4, 1603 ; William Hopgood, tanner, son of William of North Stoneham, 1611 ; Thomas Hopgood, husbandman, of Mottisfont, 1617; and John Hopgood of Tangley (probably the son of Widow Joan Hapgood of Tang- ley), in 1638. These, judging from the names of their lega- tees, must have been all of one family. Widow Joan at the date of her will had a son Thomas, then the father of Joan and Christian. John Hopgood of Andover, whose will was proved 1608 but is not to be found, is supposed to have been the father of John Habgood of the same place, who in 1615 had a wife Alice and eight children, five of whom, viz., John, Katharine, Mary (wife of Henry Reade), Anne, and Alice, were of age ; and Robert, Clare, and Thomas, then minors. This Thomas was probably the father of Shadrach, who named his first son Nathaniel, after his maternal grandfather, his second, Thomas, doubtless after his paternal grandfather, as was the uniform practice of his day, whenever the eldest son was not named for the latter. This conclusion has al- most the force of a record, so uniformly was the second son, if not the first, called after his paternal grandfather. Nearly the only exceptions were when the latter had a non-scriptural name, or embarrassment would arise from making the identi- cal name too common among grandchildren of equal ages in the same town or neighborhood. All relating to Shadrach Habgood that can be gleaned from our records is here given in the variable and defective .orthography in which it occurs : " Shadrach Hopgood aged fourteen years embarked at Gravesend May 30, 1656, in the Speadwell, Robert Lock, Master, bound for New England," and in July arrived in Boston. Several other minors embarked at the same time, whose names soon after reappeared at Marlboro' and Sud- bury, where he had a cousin, Thomas Haynes, who had not improbably "been sent to bring him." 20 HAPGOOD FAMILY. October 21, 1664, he was married at Sudbury to Elizabeth Treadway, born April 3, 1646, daughter of Nathaniel Tread- way, then of Sudbury and afterwards of Watertown, where he served seven years as selectman. Her mother, Suffer- ance (Howe) Treadway, was the daughter of Elder Edward Howe of Watertown, whose wife was Margaret, and whose descendants in this country have retained the arms and claimed a descent from Lord Howe, an English peer. Her grandmother, Margaret Howe, married for a second husband George Bunker, constable of Charlestown, 1630, and owner of the summit of that immortal hill of glory bearing his name, and by will gave half her estate to Nathaniel Tread- way, and bequests to John Stone (eldest son of Deacon Gregory Stone of Cambridge), husband of her sister Ann, and to her sister, Mary Rogers of Boxtead, Essex County, England. The next notice of Shadrach Hopgood occurs in the following deposition in the records of the Court of Assistants. "June 26, 1666 "Sidrache Habgood" aged about twenty- two yrs. witnesseth & saith that for this seven years past or more time while I lived with my cousin Peter Noyes & in the time when my uncle [Peter] Noyes lived, I then knew the bounds of my cousin's land at Cedar Craught & the tree owned the last week by Lt. Goodenow, and also the stake in the meadow by the River side or towards the River side 5 or 6 rods to the Southward of the brooke to be where it ever was since I knew it & was in my sight renewed by neighbor Edward Rice & my cousin Peter Noyes together & further saith not." [Sworn] "Before mee Tho: Danforth, Assist." Jan. 25, 1676, he served with Peter Noyes and Edmund Goodnow as an appraiser of the estate of Joseph Davis of Sudbury. Shadrach Habgood was a young man of enterprise, and early laid the foundation of the spacious and fertile landed estates which so many of his descendants have enjoyed quite down to the present time. FIRST GENERATION. 21 In 1669, after Concord, Sudbury, Marlboro', Lancaster, Groton, and "Nashaby" had been granted, there was left a large and irregular tract between them, running in a north- westerly direction from Sudbury to Lunenburg, was then called "Pomposetticut" ; and he, in 1678 or 1679, with eleven other men from Concord, Sudbury, and Chelmsford, then petitioned the General Court for a grant of the same. The records of the General Court are silent about it, yet from records of the proprietors of Stow, it appears that the Court entertained such petition, sent a committee to view the tract, and actually granted them the land for a new town, in 1670, requiring them to begin to improve it by May, 1673, and no doubt annexing other customary conditions, such as taking up 50 acres each, building a meeting-house, and settling an orthodox minister, &c., within a specified time, and pro- curing a certain number of additional settlers to become equal partners with themselves, after which they might proceed . to make further allotments of land. With all such conditions they did not probably comply. Yet they proceeded and "took up lots of 50 acres each" on both sides of Assabet River, from one to two miles above the site of Assabet Village, and located their meeting-house near the old burying yard in Stow. How far they progressed is not ascertainable. Philip's war came on soon, some lost their lives, and the settlement is supposed for a time to have been broken up. Still the grantees, if they did not fully comply with all the conditions of the grant, went so far as to obtain an extension, and certainly to secure to themselves and heirs large interests in the town, which, by a further Act of the General Court, May 16, 1683, was fully incorporated by the name of Stow. That portion of the narrow belt, known as " Stow Leg," lying within their boundaries, fell to each of the towns, Harvard, Shirley, and Boxborough, as they were incorporated. Shadrach Habgood took up his lot of 50 acres on the south side of the river, -where Mr. Nathaniel Hapgood 22 HAPGOOD FAMILY. resides, about one and one half miles south or southwest of the site of the first meeting-house. Here he began improve- ments, and operated two or three years, it is supposed, preparatory to removing his family from Sudbury, if he did not actually do so ; but the Indian war came on, and he was summoned to the field. The Nipmuck Indians, whose original country embraced the upper basins of Concord, Charles, and Blackstone rivers, and extended west to the Connecticut, had engaged secretly with King Philip to make war upon the English, but the war having been brought on before they were fully prepared to take part, they dissembled, and assured the settlers of their friendship. Still they were suspected by the govern- ment. Captains Hutchinson and Wheeler were therefore ordered, with twenty mounted men, and three Indian inter- preters, to proceed into their country to treat with them, to insure their loyalty. In this company was Shadrach Hab- good. They proceeded to Brookfield. Here the Indians being made acquainted with the object of their visit, engaged to meet them, August 2, 1675, at a certain spot at Quaboag, about three miles from the village and garrison of Brookfield. They proceeded to the place, but finding no Indians, and imagining they had mistaken the locality, directed their course to Wikabaug Pond, in single file, between a swamp on the left and an abrupt high hill on the right. The place is supposed to be on the south side of the railroad, between the depot in Brookfield and West Brookfield. Here they fell into an ambush, and were suddenly surrounded with 200 or 300 warriors, who killed eight of their number and mor- tally wounded three others. Among the murdered was Shadrach Habgood. Captain Wheeler, whose letter describ- ing this tragedy has been often before the public, spells his name Hapgood. Mrs. Habgood, with her five children, was probably at Sudbury, to receive the sorrowful tidings. But their griefs and losses were not yet ended. She was appointed to administer on her husband's estate, which, with FIRST GENERATION. 23 his right and interest in the "New Plantation at Pomset- ticutt," now Stow, was appraised by Peter Noyes and Edmund Goodenow, September 2, 1675, at ^145. 2s. October 5 (8), 1675, she presented a new inventory of the estate, valued at 106. us., praying for an abatement of the difference, in consequence of the burning of a house by the enemy. This, no doubt, refers to a house which her husband had built up- on his lot at Pomposetticut, for Sudbury was not burnt until April 6, 1676, although his descendant, who occupies the spot, has no tradition of the event. \From first edition^ About the close of her administratorship, probably in 1677, the record says : "There are five children left of Syd- rack," (or Shadrach) and Elizabeth Treadway (or Tredaway) Habgood, viz. : CHILDREN. 2 I. Nathaniel 2 , born October 21, 1665 ; married Elizabeth Ward of Marlboro. [See Chapter /.] II. Mary 2 , born November 2, 1667; married at Watertown, April 10, 1688, John Whitney, son of Jonathan, and grandson of John and Elinor, born June 27, 1662, at Watertown. He settled in Framingham, built a house near Washakum pond, was selectman in 1714 for three years, constable 1719, tythingman 1719 and 1724, admitted to the church July 26, 1719. Was a fuller by trade; died , 1735. His inventory bears date May 22, 1735, and his estate was valued at ^619. 145. 7d. Resided at Framingham, Sherborn and Wrentham, Mass. CHILDREN. 1. Mary 3 Whitney, born March 27, 1689; married, Feb- ruary i, 1709, Daniel Moore of Sudbury, born April 1 8, 1686. 2. Elizabeth 3 , born January 21, 1690; married Jonathan Willard, born at Roxbury, June 27, 1693; she died July 4, 1720. 3. James 3 , born December 28, 1692; married Martha Rice, February 2, 1715, and second, , 1732, 24 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Mrs. Elizabeth (Holbrook)Twitchell; Hon. Daniel Whitney of Sherborn was their son. He died April 10, 1770. 2 III. Thomas 2 , born October i, 1669, in Sudbury; married, 1690- 91, Judith Barker, born April 9, 1671 ; died August 15, 1759. [See Chapter 77] IV. Sarah 2 , born 1672; married 1691, Jonathan Whitney, born October 20, 1658, brother of John, above, and grandson of John and Elinor Whitney of Watertown, who embarked at London, 1635, in the " Elizabeth and Ann," Roger Cooper, Master. He had a lot and built a house near Chestnut Brook, in Sherborn, about 1691. He afterwards went to Con- cord, where he died March 17, 1735. Will dated March 14, proved March 18, 1735. He served in King Philip's war in 1676; resided in Sherborn, Watertown, and Concord. CHILDREN. 1. Sarah 3 Whitney, born March 2, 1692 ; married, Novem- ber, 1712, Jonathan Warren, and died April 10, 1752. 2. Jonathan 3 , born September 27, 1694; died young. 3. Tabitha 3 , born August 22, 1696; married, February 28, 1715, Jacob Fulham, who was a sergeant in Captain Lovewell's company, and was killed in " Love well's fight" with the Indians at Pig- wacket, May 8, 1725. She married second, April 19, 1726, George Parkhurst ; and third, August 10, 1736, Samuel Hunt. 4. Shadrach 3 , born October 12, 1698; married, January 5, 1732, Mrs. Prudence Lawrence, and was a promi- nent man in the town of Groton, Mass.; died July, 1764. 5. Jonathan 3 , born November 25, 1700; resided in Lunen- burg, 1744. 6. Anne 3 , born May 22, 1702; married, March 3, 1723, in Concord, Captain Ebenezer Cutler; she died August 24, 1793. 7. Amos 3 , born May i, 1705 ; probably died in Townsend, unmarried. 8. Zaccheus 3 , born November 16, 1707; married, May 23, 1734, Mary Wheeler. In 1725, when but eighteen FIRST GENERATION. 25 years of age, with his brother Isaac, he enlisted and served in the Colonial Militia, and took part in many of the skirmishes and battles with the Indians. He was left in 1 725 in the fort at Ossipee by Captain John Lovewell. He was probably killed by the Indians in 1739. 9. Isaac, 3 born 1708; a glazier in Concord, was a soldier in the early Indian wars, and with his brother Zaccheus, was left by Captain John Lovewell in the fort at Ossipee in 1725. 10. Timothy 3 , born February 20, 1709; married, May 24, 1738, Submit Parker, and died 1740. 11. Daniel 3 , born 1710; married, March, 1739, Thankful Allen. V. Elizabeth 2 , born 1674; died unmarried, July 20, 1689. Elizabeth (Treadway) Hapgood married second, Joseph Hayward of Concord, where her son Thomas is said to have been brought up. The records show that Hayward married Elizabeth Treadway, possibly he had her maiden name restored on the record to show her respectable origin, or the clerk committed an error in not knowing her previous marriage, or how to express both of her previous names. Joseph Hay- ward was born one year after her first husband, and having buried his first wife, December 15,^675, four months after Shadrach Hapgood was slain, married, March 23, 1677, Elizabeth Treadway Hapgood. She buried her mother at Watertown, 1682, and her father, Nathaniel Treadway of Watertown, in 1687, who left legacies for the children of his " daughter Elizabeth Hayward by her first husband Habgood." CHILDREN Of Joseph and Elizabeth ( Tread way-Hapgood) Hayward. 1. Ebenezer Hayward, born May 22, 1679, at Con- cord. 2. James Hayward, born March r, 1681, at Concord. 3. Simon Hayward, born , 1683, at Concord. 4. Abiell Hayward, born September 12, 1691, at Concord. Prudence, probably daughter of Joseph Hayward by first wife, Abigail, (Middlesex deeds XXII. 233), born ; married Sergeant John White of Brookfield, Mass., November 26, 1707. He and his wife's half-brother, Ebenezer Hayward, and others, were slain by Indians 26 HAPGOOD FAMILY. at Brookfield, July 24, 1710, and Elizabeth Treadway's first husband, her son, and her step-daughter's husband were victims of the savages. August 31, 1714, Prudence, widow of John White, conveys to John Keyes all her right, title and interest, in certain lands which had been "laid out to my honored grandfather, Nathaniel Treadway of Water- town, on the twenty-second of the third month 1660." CHAPTER I. SECOND GENERATION. 2. DEACON NATHANIEL 2 (Shadracfr), was, for his time, a man of eminence, distinguished for enterprise and success in busi- ness, official trusts, and usefulness. Being the eldest son, he received a double portion of his father's estate, and succeeded to the inheritance of his home-lot and proprietary in the then extensive town of Stow ; and, as if not satisfied or accommo- dated by this, he, May 17, 1697, for ,$2. ios., bought of Simon Willard 80 acres adjoining his home-lot, on the southwest, and Assabet River on the north. March 19, 1702-3, he purchased for ^70, of Mr. Willard, then of Salem, "all his farm in Stow bounded southwest by near Alcocks farm (/. e., 'the farm' in Marlboro') and south by Assabet River, which parted it from Habgood's land for- merly bought of Willard. His home farm, well adapted to tillage, must now have been very extensive, including, as is presumed, the 500 acres granted 1657, by the General Court, to Major Symon Willard of Concord, for his services to this colony," added to the 50 acres inherited from his father, and 23 more adjacent on the east, assigned in the second division of common lands in 1719, and another lot adjoining the "Willard Farm," granted in 1723; and when we consider the great allowance then made for swag of chain in laying out grants, Deacon Habgood's home farm could have been little, if any, short of 700 acres. Subsequently, as the common lands of Stow were from time to time divided among the proprietors, he, " in the right of his father Shadrach," drew many lots, especially in the 27 28 HAPGOOD FAMILY. north and northwest parts of the town. June 22, 1721, there was assigned to Isaac Gates 9 acres 55 rods of meadow, meadow bottom and upland, in two pieces, supposed to have been subsequently bought by Deacon Habgood. One, containing 5 acres 122 rods, extending up and down on the west side of Pinhill Brook, near Lancaster [original] line, and bounded east and northeast by that brook, west and south by common land. The other lot of 3 acres 93 rods, situated also on Pinhill Brook, next to Groton line, bounded north by that line, east by the brook, west by com- mon land, and south by Ephraim Willowby's meadow. May 22, 1722, there was laid out for him, for a fourth division, 95 acres in Stow, 50 in the right of his father Shadrach, and 45 in the right of Joseph Daby, on the west side of Pinhill Brook, bounded northeasterly [for a short distance] by the brook, and a way, 2 rods wide, left for the conveniency of the meadows, "Northerly near to Groton line, westerly near to George Robin's land and southerly by undivided land." The northeast line began near Isaac Gates' meadow, above described, 2 rods from Groton line, and ran near west northwest parallel to said line, then paral- lel to Robins' land, with a highway 2 rods wide between, then by John Daby's lot of 15 acres, then east by 28 south 100 rods, and then east 148 rods to the brook. This lot constituted the nucleus of the second Hapgood farm in the old town of Stow, and was situated on the hip of Stow Leg, between Lancaster and Groton, and now in Harvard, about i% miles from the Town House. In 1726, to Nathaniel Hapgood, 3^ acres of meadow in Pinhill meadows, bounding southerly upon Lancaster line and Pinhill Brook, east by Isaac Gates' meadow, the first above described, and northerly upon common land. May 1 6, 1727, there was laid out in Stow, for Deacon Nathaniel Hapgood, 24 acres 140 rods of the fifth and sixth division, 6 acres and 28 rods of which were to the right of his father Shadrach, and 10 acres to the right of John Daby. SECOND GENERATION. 29 "It lyeth," says the record, "westerly of John Daby's land, where he now dwells." It had a way, running northerly or rather northeast and southwest for 7 rods of its eastern boundary, and the land of Samuel Hall for the northeast boundary, and its extreme south angle was "at or near the town line," probably Lancaster north line. And at the same date another lot, of the fifth division, containing 18 acres and 132 rods; 9 acres and 25 rods to his own inherited right, and 8 acres 132 rods to the right of Joseph Daby. This was bounded north 86 rods by his own land, east by Thomas Wheeler's, 73 rods, southeast by Pinhill Meadow, south by said meadow, and southwest by John Daby's land. Its south and southwest lines met near a small run of water in the bank of the meadow. He early became the proprietor of William Kerley's right in the public lands of Lancaster, and of a lot upon Bare Hill. For, March 16, 1722-3, 23 acres, in two lots, were "laid out for him for a third and fourth division to the estate of William Kerley, Jr." One lot was bounded northwest by his own land on Bare Hill, and the other northeast by the same. These were no doubt included in the 65 acres afterward owned by his son Shadrach. These lots, perhaps, by some exchanges, were gathered into a large farm, and by a division of Stow, in 1732, thrown into Harvard. Thus it appears that, years after the death of Shadrach Habgood the first, lots continued to be assigned to Deacon Nathaniel in the right of his father, which went to his descendants and gave them ample farms, and what was still better, farms on the mica slate formation. Deacon Nathaniel was much interested in Lancaster, and probably in Worcester and Grafton. At Lancaster, Septem- ber 10, 1713, he sold, for ^55, to Thomas Carter, a house lot of 20 acres. October 19, 1730, he bought of John Remain, for ^138, a meadow at Long Hill, in Lancaster; and sold for 60, December i, 1730, to Ephraim Wilder, 28 acres ; and for ;io, February 6, 1732, to Samuel Wilson, 40 30 HAPGOOD FAMILY. acres in Lancaster. May 20, 1730, he gave his son Nathan- iel, then of Lancaster, 12 acres in Stow, at Hogpen Hill, and all his town rights and lands in Lancaster. He seems to have purchased of Isaac Miller a right in the undivided lands of Worcester, where, in the part now Holden, 120 acres were drawn in his right, by his son Daniel, and June 20, 1750, sold for ;ioo, to "Zacceus" Gates. November 5, 1728, he sold for 60, to John Coller, 48 acres in Hassanamisco, now Grafton. March 28, 1725, he conveyed to his son Shadrach "all his lands in Harvard with the rights and privileges thereto belonging which lands, it is added, are set forth in Stow & Lancaster proprietors' records." This shows that they were originally in two towns, and drawn partly in the right of Deacon Nathaniel, and partly in the right of his father Shadrach. Deacon Nathaniel, it is safe to presume, was an excellent man, early and long a pillar in the church of Stow, although her records are too defective to inform us of any of his religious history. In the management of the municipal interests of the town his name is most conspicuous. Between 1697 and 1727, he served as selectman 14 years; and in 1711 and 1712 as grand juryman, and in 1716-18 as town treasurer, and sometimes as moderator of town meet- ings. He was early styled " Ensign." He seems to have set- tled his estate mainly in his lifetime, and probably died intestate. Yet there was no resort to any court for any further settlement. No record exists of his death, but his ashes, no doubt, repose in the graveyard by the old common in Stow. His name does not occur after 1732, when he appeared to be setting his house in order. His wife was a widow in 1741. [From first edition.'] He married, September 6, 1695, Elizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Sarah (Howe) Ward. Samuel was a son of William Ward, born in Marlboro' September 24, 1641 ; SECOND GENERATION. 31 married, June 6, 1667, Sarah, daughter of John Howe, of Marlboro'. She died August n, 1707, and he, 1729. Eliza- beth was born 1672; made her will February 25, 1741-42, and died November 5, 1748. Her will was approved Novem- ber 1 8, 1748, giving to Nathaniel, her eldest son, 20 ; to Hezekiah, her second son, 10 ; to Shadrach, her third son, 30; to Daniel, her fourth son, io\ to Sarah Gates, her second daughter, and wife of Phineas Gates, half of the remainder of her estate; and to her two grandchildren, Elizabeth and Lucy Gates, in equal shares, the other half. Her estate was inventoried at ^626. 75. CHILDREN. 3 I. Nathaniel 3 , born about 1696; he married second, pub- lished December 3, 1727, Mary Heald, Haild, or Hale, of Stow, born June 22, 1704; date of her death not recorded. He died about 1746. The records of Nathaniel's birth, marriage and death, have not been found, and probably do not exist. 4 II. Hezekiah 3 , born 1699; married 1723, Sarah Whitney, born 1703, in Stow. 5 III. Shadrach 3 , born November 6, 1704, in Stow; married Elizabeth Wetherbee, born 1714, and died Novem- ber 30, 1808. 6 IV. Daniel 3 , born about 1706; married Hepsibeth , born July 14, 1715; died October 23, 1738. V. Elizabeth 3 , born 1708; married Phineas Gates. (No other record found.) CHILDREN. 1. Elizabeth 4 Gates, born about 1 732, legatee to the estate of her grandmother, Elizabeth, 1748. 2. Lucy* Gates, born about 1734, legatee to the estate of her grandmother, Elizabeth, 1748. VI. Sarah 3 , born about 1710; married the widower, Phineas Gates, husband to her deceased sister, Elizabeth. No children. 32 HAPGOOD FAMILY. THIRD GENERATION. 3. NATHANIEL 3 (Nathaniel*, Shadrach?), born about 1696, set- tled in Lancaster prior to 1727, in the part which became Bolton (1738), doubtless on land previously received of his father, to which other lots and a town right were added in 1730. May 1 8, 1741, he sold to his brother Shadrach of Har- vard, for ;io, 30 acres and 25 rods, 27 of which were to be assigned to Shadrach in the right of William Kerley, whose right Nathaniel 3 possessed, December 9, 1745, for **, to Jeremiah Priest of Harvard, 18 acres in Lancaster, laid out in the right of William Kerley. On the same day Nathaniel of Bolton sold a lot in Bolton for ^50, to Paul Gates, and December 25, 1744, for ;io, 3 acres to John Whitcomb, and March 6, 1756, for >\2.. ios., 25 acres to Jonathan Moor of Bolton, to be laid out in any of the undivided lands of Lancaster, in the right of William Kerley; and February 9, 1749-50, for ;i2, to Joseph Sawyer of Harvard, 23 acres, to be laid out in old Lancaster; and February 1 6, 1749-50, for 4, to Nathan- iel Oaks, a lot to be laid out within the bounds, formerly Lancaster. He was published December 3, 1727, and married Mary Heald, of Stow. January 6, 1745-6, he made his will, giving his wife Mary, the improvement of all his real estate until his grand- daughter, Sarah Gates, should become twenty-one years of age, or married, and afterwards the improvement of one-half of the same during life. After her decease the whole should become the property of Sarah Gates, but if she did not live THIRD GENERATION. 33 to the age of twenty-one, or to marry, the whole should go to the relatives of the testator. CHILD. I. Sarah*, born December 21, 1728; married Gates, and had a daughter, Sarah 5 , born , and became heir to her grandfather's estate. 4. CAPTAIN HEZEKIAH S (Nathaniel-, Shadrach 1 }, was born in 1699; married, 1723, Sarah Whitney, born at Stow, 1703. He settled upon the west half of his father's extensive farm in the southwest part of Stow, and became a prominent citizen. He was a captain in the French and Indian wars, and in 1735 drew lot number one in the distribution of lands in Narragansett Township, number six, now Templeton. In 1726, 5 acres were laid out to him in the right of Thomas Ward, and in 1728, 3 acres in the right of Richard Whitney, and April 3, 1732, 13 acres adjoining his own land. In 1726-27 he was chosen tythingman, and selectman 1741, 1742 and 1753. December 20, 1764, "Hezekiah Hap- good, gentleman, being much advanced in years, sick and weak," made his will, giving to his wife Sarah all his per- sonal property; to Ephraim of Acton, his oldest son, I2S., and to his other son Jonathan, his homestead buildings, and all his lands in Stow, requiring him to provide room for his mother Sarah, and suitable provisions and attention in health and sickness, furnish her a horse to ride whenever she pleases, and pay all debts and funeral charges ; .and made Jonathan sole executor. He died May 13, 1768; will proved July 19, 1768. 34 HAPGOOD FAMILY. His wife was a daughter of Richard Whitney, Jr., of Stow, and great granddaughter of John and Elinor Whitney. CHILDREN. 7 I. Ephraim 4 , born April 21, 1725 ; married Rebecca Gibson. II. Jonathan* (Col. and Esq.), born 1733, was a gentleman of great respectability and commanding influence in Stow. He resided about two miles southwest of the centre of the town, on the west part of what had been the Willard Farm. He held the commission of Lieu- tenant, Captain and Colonel in the Militia, and was appointed by the Governor of Massachusetts a magis- trate. He served fourteen years as selectman, between 1768 and 1791, and as town clerk eleven years. In 1774 he was chosen a delegate to the County Conven- tion at Concord, and afterwards, in the same year, a delegate to the Provincial Congress, and in 1776, a member of the convention for framing a Constitution for the State. He was the proprietor of one or more slaves who took their master's name, and carried it with them into freedom, and may have transmitted it. The tombstone at Stow records his death, March 20, 1801, but no settlement of his estate is recorded. The late John Miles occupied his place. He married Ruth Wolcott, to whom he was published January 10, 1775. She was born 1736; died January 17, 1784. He mar- ried second, October 5, 1785, Mrs. Sarah Whitney of Stow. He is not recorded as having had any children. He appears (Massachusetts Archives} among a list of field officers of the Massachusetts Militia as First Major of the First Middlesex County regiment, com- missioned August 30, 1775, and he appears as First Major in the Fourth Middlesex County regiment, commissioned May 10, 1776; chosen by Legislature, February 15, 1776, First Major, Colonel Henry Gard- ner's regiment, and Lieutenant-Colonel, Fourth Mid- dlesex regiment, February 25, 1779, concurred in council, February 26, 1779. 5. LIEUTENANT SHABRACK" (Nathaniel? Skadrach 1 ), born November 6, 1704; received from his father, lands drawn THIRD GENERATION. 35 partly in the right of his grandfather Shadrach, situated in the northwest part of Stow, known as "Stow Leg," and 119 acres, originally in Lancaster, afterwards (1732) Har- vard, drawn partly in the right of Major Simon Willard. To these the proprietors of Lancaster, February 19, 1763, added 9 acres 27 rods, drawn in the right of Major Willard, and 4 acres and 20 rods as an allowance for a road or byway through said Hapgood's land, making this one lot contain 133 acres. April i, 1741, he was the proprietor of a lot of 65 acres on Bare Hill, which had been assigned to William Kerley, at a third division of Lancaster lands. This being then surveyed for him, was found to contain 95 acres 25 rods, and the proprietors, instead of dividing it, made it good to him to that amount, by a grant of 30 acres 25 rods, "upon other after divisions," and his brother Nathaniel, as the proprietor of Kerley's right, executed him a deed in May following. This lot was oblong, bounded easterly by John Whitney, 74 rods ; northwesterly by a byway,* 267 rods; southwesterly by Captain Houghton, 52 rods, and southeasterly, 240 rods, mostly by his own land. These lots, and those previously assigned to his father, were all in one vicinity, and mostly conterminous. Without including either of the Gates meadows, they embrace 350 acres upon which Lieutenant Shadrach Hapgood began life ; about the same quantity, which an equal division of the original homestead, must have been secured to his brothers, Hezekiah and Daniel. He owned land in Lancaster in 1730, and then received damages in the form of 2^ acres from Lancaster for a road *The general course of this way, so often referred to, seems to have been south south- west and north northeast. In 1743, a road 2 rods wide and 110 rods long was laid out by Harvard through his land. 36 HAPGOOD FAMILY. laid out through his farm. These 2j acres he sold for i/s. to Abraham Rugg, June 24, 1740. He sold, April 19, 1754, for 14. I2s., 5 acres of meadow in Harvard to Samuel Fellows; and May 29, 1762, for 405., I acre 40 rods in Harvard to Benjamin Lawrence ; and April 30, 1759, for 7$. ios., 43 acres in Harvard to Eliphalet Wood; and December 7, 1769, for 26, to John Daby, a tract in Harvard, with buildings. January 5, 1764, he bought of Joseph Kneeland, of Harvard, for ^86, a certain messuage (probably the same sold to Daby in 1769), and a tract of 20 acres, bounded by a line beginning on the south side of a road by John Atherton's, then running northerly across said road by Richard Harris' land to Elias Haskell's, and next to Thomas Willard's land, then southwesterly by a private way near Joseph Willard's land, until it crosses the road above named, which it follows to said Harris' land, then easterly by his land and southerly by it, and then northerly by John Atherton's land to the place of beginning ; and also 7 acres of meadow, south of said Harris' meadow, and east of a brook immediately below where it flows out of a pond. At the incorporation of Harvard, June 29, 1732, out of portions of Lancaster, Groton and Stow, he was thrown into Harvard. In 1761 he was appointed guardian of Anna Stone, aged seven years, and of Sarah Stone, aged above fourteen years, daughters of Oliver Stone, late of Harvard. He was constable, 1738, 1739, 1741, and in 1764, collector of church money in the Old Mill quarter. In 1742 he received a lieutenant's commission from the royal governor, William Shirley (now in possession of the compiler), a copy of which is here reproduced. He served six years as THIRD GENERATION. 37 selectman, and had the first seat in the first of eight classes of seats in the new meeting-house in Harvard, assigned 1774, by a committee of the town. He appears on the rolls as private in Captain Thomas Gates' company, and marched on alarm of April 19, 1775 ; belonged to Lancaster Troop, term of service, nine days. He seems to have been a quiet, industrious and thrifty farmer and highly respected citizen. He made his will April 17, 1780, giving his wife Elizabeth all his household furniture and indoor movables, one cow and two sheep, for her use and disposal, requiring his executor to furnish her a horse to ride at any time, while she remained his widow. He also gave her the improvement of one half of his estate for her dower, the use of one half of the upright part of the house, i. ^>////A" and you* lei f iha.il froi^, time to time receive from Me, 01 our fupetiour OrBcevsfor His rcpoicd ALTS -you. ; : ' ndGr .RNOURmChie STY'S Province of the Maf/acbui '-- *' ,' ^. >rity, in and by His Majefty's Royal Ccmiruiiion to Me &c over this His M.ai.efty's Province of the Maffcc^ 'rejents ) repoiing cipecial Truft and Confidence in xo*;* duii, cooftittice and app.o/nt You the faid J$&r< ' under the Command pi ~ in the - Regiment of iVlii it ia, witfc f 5 Colonel, .c .^ a diicharge the Duty v^f? --------- * n '^ rm ^ b ot ^ inferiour Officers a. i Diiciplioe c hereby comn^inding them to or obferveaad follow inch Orders and Initrutlio: c Commander in Chief forxbe Time be; .tccording to military Rules and Diicip' on f : r of t r ' * THIRD GENERATION. 39 Warren, youngest son of Joel, now living, a retired merchant of Boston. " The old house was probably new, and perhaps reputed the finest in Harvard, when the town, in July, 1734, com- plimented it and the builder, by instructing a committee to engage board for the ministers, who should come to supply the pulpit, at Shadrach Hapgood's, although over a mile from the meeting-house. The original lattices, with their bottle-green diamond lights, were preserved in the gable windows for several years after the opening of the present century." He married, about 1732, Elizabeth Wetherbee, born 1714, and died November 30, 1803, in the ninetieth year of her age. He died October 8, 1782. Will proved December, 1782. [Worcester Probate I. 18, page 316.] CHILDREN, all born in Harvard. I. Mercy 4 , born January 26, 1733; married, October 12, 1757, Jonathan Clark of Harvard, born May 26, 1733. CHILDREN. 1. Jonathan 5 Clark, born January 28, 1759. 2. Hannah 5 , born September 19, 1762. II. Elizabeth 4 , born September 26, 1734; married, February 14, 1753. Joseph Willard, Jr., of Harvard. CHILDREN. 1. Shadrach 5 Willard, born December 13, 1753. 2. Mercy 5 , born February 16, 1755. 3. Elizabeth 5 , born June 18, 1758; died April 9, 1759. 4. Joseph 5 , born September 4, 1760. 5. Elizabeth 5 , born November 20, 1764. 6. Oliver 5 , born May i, 1769. 7. Levi 5 , born August 15, 1775. III. Phinehas 4 , born August 11, 1737; died, a few days old. IV. Asa 4 , born June 13, 1740; died August 16, 1743. V. Israel 4 , born March i, 1743; died March 2, 1743. 40 HAPGOOD FAMILY. VI. Sarah 4 , born June 16, 1744; married, January 17, 1765, John Daby, Jr., of Harvard. CHILDREN. 1. Simon 5 Daby, born May 20, 1765. 2. Asa s , born February 6, 1767. 3. Mercy 5 , born May u, 1769. 4. Sarah 5 , born February 7, 1772. 5. Betsey 5 , born May 7, 1774. 6. John 5 , born January 9, 1779. 8 VII. Shadrach 4 , born October 4, 1747 ; married Elizabeth Keep, July 23, 1770, and died June 20, 1818. VIII. Oliver 4 , born October 7, 1751, and died same day. IX. Lois 4 , born April 13, 1754; married, May 25, 1772, Jacob Whitney, born March 24, 1748. He enlisted in Cap- tain Jonathan Davis' company, Colonel Asa Whit- comb's regiment, in Revolutionary Army, October 6, 1775. His will was dated November 8, 1815, pro- bated October 18, 1825. He resided in Harvard, and later removed to Winchendon, where he died July n, 1825. CHILDREN. 1. Hannah 5 Whitney, born December 14, 1772. 2. Mercy 5 , born December 10, 1774. 3. Jacob 5 , born October 16, 1776. 4. Lois 5 , born August I, 1779. 5. Eli 5 , born May 17, 1783. 6. Nancy 5 , born August 8, 1785. 7. Emory 5 , born October i, 1791. X. Lydia 4 , born July 4, 1757; married, April 4, 1775, Abraham Munroe of Harvard, a soldier in the Continental Army, who died March 11, 1778. CHILDREN. 1. Lydia 5 Munroe, born December 22, 1776. Married, April 5, 1797, Ivory Longley of Shirley, Massa- chusetts, son of Israel and Lucy (Conant) Longley of Harvard, where he was born, 1775; a blacksmith by trade. In attempting to cross the Catacunemaug, upon a dam, he slipped from his icy footing and perished in the stream below, January 14, 1808. His widow died April 4, 1859. They had four children. THIRD GENERATION. 41 Lydia* married second, February 25, 1784, David Dickin- son, born October 7, 1741. He was a soldier in the Revolutionary Army, and served at the Siege of Ticon- deroga and Crown Point. Removed to Keene, New Hampshire about 1811, where she died. CHILDREN. 2. William 5 Dickinson, born . 3. Abraham 5 , born . 6. DEACON DANIEL 3 (Nathaniel*, Shadrach l },\)orn. about 1706, inherited the homestead of his father, Deacon Nathaniel, and grandfather Shadrach, two and one-half miles south southeast of Stow townhouse, and the east half of the original planta- tion of 700 acres. Succeeded his father in the deaconship, and about 1760, built the great house yet standing and occu- pied by his grandson, Nathaniel 5 Hapgood. June 20, 1750, he sold to Zaccheus Gates of Stow, 120 acres in Holden, inherited from his father. August 13, 1785, " being very aged, infirm and weak," he made his will, having previously settled his real estate in Stow upon his sons, giving to his wife Mary, two cows ; and to sons Daniel and Samuel, and daugh- ter Hepsebeth Wheeler, all his indoor movables in equal shares ; to his adopted grandson, Jacob Gibson of Stow, his live-stock and a tract of 300 or 400 acres in Waterford, Maine. In 1735-6 he was chosen reeve, and in 1743, selectman. He married first, Hepsebeth, born July 14, 1715 ; died Octo- ber 23, 1738; and second, July 6, 1745, Mary Gibson, who died, his widow, January 15, 1793. He died April 30, 1791. CHILDREN, all by second wife, born at Stow. 9 I. Daniel 4 , born November 16, 1747; married Esther Gardner of Concord. 42 HAPGOOD FAMILY. II. Hepsebeth 4 , born June 24, 1749 ; married Ephraim Wheeler of Stow. 10 III. Samuel*, born October 17, 1751 ; died April, 1821 ; married Elizabeth Maxwell. FOURTH GENERATION. 7. ENSIGN EPHRAIM* (Hezekia& % Nathaniel, Shadrack 1 ), born April 21, 1725, is presumed to have first settled on a part of his father's spacious farm in Stow, where his intention of marriage with Rebecca Gibson was published January 17, 1746-7. After 1753, he removed to Acton and settled where his grandson, Benjamin F. Hapgood, now resides. In the summers of 1779 anc ^ 1780 he went with his sons, Eph- raim and Nathaniel, to open up farms in Norridgewock, Maine, for some of his family. Jt is not, however, probable that any permanent settlement was effected there, as the records of the town are silent upon the subject. At the close of the second season, he, with Nathaniel, in returning by water, perished from shipwreck, while Ephraim returned safe by land. He died intestate, October 31, 1780, leaving an estate inventoried at ^1,597. His widow died Septem- ber 15, 1803, aged seventy-six. Abraham was appointed administrator. CHILDREN. I. Nathaniel 5 , born at Stow, February 26, 1748; died October 8, 1756, at Acton. II. Oliver 5 , born at Stow, November 7, 1749; died October 7, 1756, at Acton. 11 III. Abraham 5 , born at Stow, October 9, 1752; appointed De- cember 13, 1780, administrator on his father's estate; married Lucy Davis. FOURTH GENERATION. 43 12 IV. Ephraim 5 , born at Acton, May 3, 1755; married Molly Tuttle. 13 V. Hezekiah 5 , born December 23, 1757; married Dorcas Whitcomb. VI. Nathaniel 5 , born April 2, 1760; enlisted as private in John Buttrick's company, Colonel Read's regiment, September 28, 1777, discharged November 7, 1777; term of service, one month, eleven days. Discharged from Colonel Brooks' regiment to reinforce General Gates at the northward. He was also a private in Captain Francis Brown's company, Colonel Mclntosh's regiment, for service in Rhode Island, enlisted August 4, 1778, discharged September i, 1778. Served eleven days in Lovell's brigade. He then enlisted in Captain Joshua Walker's company, Colonel Samuel Denny's regiment, October 13, 1779, discharged November 23, 1779; served one month, eleven days (Massachusetts Archives']. He was drowned, with his father, October 31, 1780, by shipwreck, returning from Maine. 14 VII. Oliver 5 , born August 12, 1762; married Lucy Tuttle. VIII. Sarah 5 , born April 7, 1765; married, August 24, 1779, Timothy Wood of Harvard. He died July 18, 1800, and she married, second, May 2, 1809, Jonas, son of Joseph and Rebeckah Wright, born in Concord, June 18, 1762, husband of her deceased sister Mary, who died January 3, 1799. 15 IX. Jonathan 5 , born July 30, 1767; married Abigail Austin. X. Mary 5 , born October 17, 1769; had her uncle Jonathan for guardian, December 13, 1780 ; married, March 30, 1794, Jonas Wright of Concord, and died January 3, 1799, leaving three children. CHILDREN. 1. Anthony 6 Wright, born January 14, 1795; married Mary E. Smith, February 14, 1819. 2. Henry 6 , born October 22, 1796; married Sarah Flint of Lincoln, April 22, 1819. 3. Hapgood 6 , born December 22, 1798. Jonas married second, the widow Sarah (Hapgood) Wood, sister to his first wife. He died June 15, 1818, and she, February 12, 1813. 44 HAPGOOD FAMILY. XI. Joseph 5 , born April 2, 1772; had his uncle Jonathan for guardian; married, February u, 1798, Sarah Hunt. CHILDREN. I. Henry 6 , born ; died in parts unknown. II. A son 6 , born December, 1801 ; died September 3, 1802, at Acton. 8. SnADRACH 4 (ShadracW, Nathaniel" 1 , Skadrach 1 }, born Octo- ber/)., 1747; married, July 23, 1770, Elizabeth Keep, daughter of Jabez, who died in Harvard, 1797. She was born April 20, 1750, and died August 30, 1826; he died January 20, 1818. Jabez Keep was the son of Ensign Samuel Keep, of Spring- field, Massachusetts, who was the presumed progenitor of all the Keeps in this country. A brother of Elizabeth, Jonathan, married Hannah Hildreth. Experience Lawrence Keep, who married Wright, was also sister to Elizabeth, and Mary, another sister, married Leonard Proctor. Mary Washington Wright, daughter of Experience (Keep) Wright, was born June 30, 1827, at Westford ; married George Lowe; removed to Indianapolis, Indiana, where she has resided forty-eight years. Mrs. Lowe is deeply interested in the Lawrence Townley estate in England. Mrs. Lowe's grandmother, Rhoda Hildreth, was a daughter of Experience Keep. Experience Lawrence was daughter or granddaughter of John Lawrence, who married Mary Townley. He appears with rank of private on muster and pay rolls of Captain Samuel Hill's company, Colonel Josiah Whit- ney's regiment, enlisted August 19, 1777, discharged August 25, 1777 ; term of service, six days ; marched on Bennington Alarm from Harvard. He re-enlisted as private in the same FOURTH GENERATION. 45 company and regiment, October 2, 1777, discharged October 26, 1777 ; term of service, twenty-four days, under Lieutenant Colonel Ephraim Sawyer (Massachusetts Archives). He was a member of Committee of Correspondence and Safety, 1781, and selectman, 1791, 1792. CHILDREN. 16 I. John 5 , born June 20, 1771; married, December 6, 1797, Mary Haskell of Harvard. II. Betsey 5 , born February 16, 1773; married, May 26, 1795, Thomas, son of Thomas Hammond, who removed from Connecticut with his wife and children, and joined the Shirley Shakers, turning all his property over to the Community. His children were not compelled to accept the situation and most of them wisely departed. The son, Thomas, settled in Harvard and became hop- merchant, inn-holder and farmer. She died June 22, 1797, and he removed to Shirley, where he died, 1816. CHILD. 1. David 6 Hammond, born October 17, 1796. He was barely eight months old when his mother was taken from him, but his grandparents kindly took him, brought him up, educated him, and treated him as their own child. He was small of stature, but cheerful, well disposed, and large hearted. His grandfather Hapgood died, 1818, but David remained with his grand- mother, in charge of the farm up to April 10, 1825, when he married Elmira Hosmer, born February 16, 1805, at Acton. He bought a farm in the northeasterly part of Harvard, ad- joining the old Hapgood estate, better known to-day as the Hall place. Here their four chil- dren were born, and by industry and economy were fairly prosperous. The farm being larger than he cared for, he sold out and bought a small farm on the brook off of the road, near the pres- ent town "poor farm" in Harvard. He was a quiet, modest, industrious man, and much respected in the community. The town built 46 HAPGOOD FAMILY. him a road and bridge to cross the brook, and here he passed in peace the remainder of his days, his eldest daughter remaining with her , parents, faithfully caring for their wants till both had passed beyond the line of time. His wife died August 24, 1883, and he, June I, 1889. CHILDREN. I. Elmira 7 , born February 12, 1826; died June 23, 1890. II. Lucy 7 , born February 18, 1828; married, November 4, 1846, George Albert Har- rington. III. Thomas Whittemore 7 , born March 31, 1830; died in Acton, December 18, 1897; mar- ried, April 28, 1863, Mary Alice Blood, born in Boston, October 5, 1837. IV. Simon Hosmer 7 , born March 31, 1830, twin with Thomas Whittemore ; married, May 3, 1860, Hannah L. Steele, and died November 6, 1885. III. Lucy s , born December 9, 1775 ; married, December 15, 1828, James Wilson, a wool carder, fuller, and cloth dresser. She died October 29, 1851 ; resided in Shirley, Massa- chusetts. No children. IV. Mercy 5 , born February 5, 1779; married, September n, 1798, Theodore, son of Richard and Sarah Goldsmith, born in Harvard, August 7, 1775. A man of great physical and mental energy ; learned the trade of a cooper ; settled on the farm now recently occupied by his son-in-law, George Atherton, adjoining the large farm where his father had settled, on Oak Hill. His parents being advanced in years and requiring assist- ance, Theodore left his own farm and assumed the management of that of his father. In early life he had cultivated a taste for reading, which he gratified by a diligent use of every leisure hour, even down to that period when labor ordinarily ceases; he read fresh books with as much avidity as a young student, thereby keeping old age green, and making himself a most agreeable companion. Not ambitious for office, but served his town as selectman, 1821-22. The extensive FOURTH GENERATION. 47 farm was well managed. He prospered and was a leading citizen. She died October 31, 1850, and he, March 22, 1859. CHILDREN. 1. Mary 6 Goldsmith, born August 24, 1804; married, May 6, 1824, George Atherton, born in Still River, Harvard, January 21, 1797; purchased a farm on Oak Hill, adjoining that of Theodore Goldsmith, his father-in-law. He became a prosperous farmer, with the aid and co-operation of his most industrious and frugal wife, whose good sense and sound judgment carried them triumphantly through every trial. He died February 17, 1875; the place was sold, and his widow removed to the middle of the town, where she died March 8, 1886. CHILDREN. 1. Mary Maria 7 Atherton, born June 12, 1825; married, April 15, 1858, Horatio B. Her- sey, born in Boston, January 18, 1823. Commenced business as a clerk in the office of a ship owner on Central wharf, January, 1838 ; was book-keeper, salesman, and finally a member of the well-known leather firm of Spaulding & Hersey, 1843 to 1870. He settled in Chelsea in 1849; was in the Common Council six years, 1862-68, the last two years as president, and was in Board of Aldermen, 1868-69; in the House of Representatives, 1871-72 ; City Treasurer, 1876 to 1883, and is now the treasurer of the City of Chelsea Sinking Fund, and auditor of the Chelsea Savings Bank. CHILD. 1. Mary Louise 8 Hersey, born at Chel- sea, April 24, 1865 ; graduated from the public schools in Chelsea, and from the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, in the decorative depart- ment. 48 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 2. Louisa Farwell 7 , born November 4, 1827; married, November 27, 1847, Absalom B. Gale, born at Jamaica, Vermont, Decem- ber i, 1814; was a popular stage driver for many years. After marriage bought a farm in Harvard, settled there and be- came a wealthy farmer, a prominent mem- ber of the Unitarian church, and a leading citizen. She died June 22, 1860. CHILDREN. 1. Henry Howard 8 Gale, born in Har- vard, August 6, 1854. He is a member of the firm of Gale & Dixon, principal merchants of the town. 2. George Theodore 8 , born June 16, 1857; he manages the farm for his aged father, and also assists his brother in the store ; both excel- lent young men. 2. Lucy Hapgood 6 , born February 28, 1807 ; married, April 30, 1834, Ethan Daby, born February 27, 1799, son of Asa Daby and grandson of Sarah 4 (Hapgood) and John Daby, Jr. He was retiring and quiet by nature, but was a good neighbor and kind-hearted man. For many years in business with his brother Asa, under firm name of A. & E. Daby, extensive blacksmiths, in Harvard Centre, enjoying an enviable reputa- tion for uprightness and honorable dealing. By close attention to business he accumulated a handsome property, built a large double house, with his brother, on the common, where they lived very happily together. The structure was swept away by the great fire that destroyed the hotel, August 25, 1880. She died April 7, 1869, of paralysis; he died February 2, 1876. No children. 3. Mercy 6 , born February 24, 1818 ; married, October 17, 1839, Charles Maynard, born May 5, 1814, at Heath, Massachusetts. After marriage he removed to Fitchburg, where he worked in a paper mill. Mercy was the youngest of the (Ootfcsmttb) FOURTH GENERATION. 49 children of Theodore and Mercy (Hapgood) Goldsmith, a bright, intelligent girl, and very much attached to the home of her youth. The new home in Fitchburg was never to her taste and in nowise took the place of the one she left. The advancing age of her father rendered assistance necessary in the management of the large farm, and this necessity proved a door through which she could return to the dear old paternal mansion. The house was large ; there was ample room for the two families, and the union proved profitable and satisfactory to all concerned. Mr. Maynard was an upright, honorable, industrious man, of unquestioned integrity and sound judgment, winning not only the respect of father Goldsmith, but also of his fellow-citizens. In the church both he and his wife were prominent, especially in the choir, where they rendered valued service. The two families lived very harmoniously under the one roof for nearly twenty years, and on the death of her father, Charles became pro- prietor of the extensive farm. One son, Charles Theodore, was born to them in Fitchburg, August 16, 1840, a lad of great promise, the hope and idol of his parents. In vain were all their aspirations for the future. That most obstinate disease, diabetes, fell upon him, baf- fling the most skilful medical treatment, and on the loth of November, 1860, when just step- ping upon the threshold of manhood, he passed away. The brilliant hopes that clustered around this noble young man were now forever blasted. Nor did the griefs end here ; symptoms of con- sumption began to develop in the dear husband. Change of location was suggested. Isle of Shoals and other resorts tried, but all of no avail. He died at Harvard, March 8, 1862. The lonely heart of the widow was all that now re- mained of three generations. She had seen much of society, had entertained liberally, and her humor and cheerful manners made her a favorite with young and old. Now the scene 50 HAPGOOD FAMILY. was changed. In place of the pleasant round of society and a cheerful home, the burden and care of the great farm was upon her. This proved too much for her; the place passed into other hands, and she removed to a pleasant tenement in the middle of the town, near to the church so dear to her heart, and among friends she loved. Still, bereaved of family and home, she could not be happy or reconciled. She lived on for many years, but the strain was too great; visions of those happy days with her family and friends flitted before her, but at last a morbid gloom overshadowed her, reason was dethroned, and on the i8th of November, 1889, the once cheerful soul took its flight. Let us bravely endeavor to forget the end, and remem- ber her "at her best." 17 V. Jabezs, bora September 30, 1781; married Susannah Has- kell, sister to his brother John's wife. VI. Shadrach s , born December 1 6, 1783 ; married, November 14, 1806, Nancy, daughter of Jonathan and Abigail Puffer, born May 16, 1786. She died October 16, 1849, aged 63 years, 5 months. He married second, June 18, 1851, Relief, daughter of Daniel and Relief (Sawyer) Crouch, born July 27, 1807. He was a large and pros- perous farmer in the northerly part of Harvard, Old Mill district, and, like the other members of his family, had a village of buildings, barns, sheds, cider mill, etc., and was very neat and orderly in his surroundings. He served as selectman, 1821-25; obtained the title of Major, by his excellent handling of the fife. He died, January 21, 1853; his widow died March 8, 1894, aged 86 years, 5 months, n days. No children. 18 VII. Joel 5 , born March 26, 1788; married, November 12, 1812, Sally Fairbank of Harvard. He died September 28, 1855. 9. DANIEL* (Daniel*, NathanieP, Skadrach 1 ), born November 16, 1/47; married, December 20, 1774, Esther Gardner of FOURTH GENERATION. 51 Concord, born ; died , and he married second, April 30, 1795, Rebecca Sargent, born ; died May 16, 1833. He settled on the ancient homestead in Stow, where all his children were born. Daniel Hapgood appears with rank of corporal on Lexing- ton Alarm Rolls of Captain William Whitcomb's company, Colonel James Prescott's regiment ; marched on the Alarm of April 19, 1775, from Stow; time of service, eight days. Enlisted October i, 1777, in Captain Silas Taylor's company, Colonel Jonathan Reed's regiment, discharged November 8, 1777 ; term of service, one month, eight days. Belonged to Stow company of Volunteers ; marched by resolve, Septem- ber 22, 1777, to join army under General Gates' service, Northern department. He belonged to the Alarm list of Captain Benjamin Munroe, Sixth company, Fourth regi- ment, December I, 1776. [Massachusetts Archives.] CHILDREN by first wife. I. Betsey 5 , born January 13, 1776; died September i, 1778. II. Susanna 5 , born November 13, 1777; died May 15, 1847; married, November 12, 1794, Isaiah Gates of Stow, son of Oliver and Lucy Gates, born 1773; died March 31, 1822. CHILD. 1. Joel 6 Gates, born May 2, 1795, at Stow; married August 12, 1812, Eunice Piper of Ashby. He died December 16, 1869. CHILDREN. 1. Franklin 7 Gates, born May 17, 1827; died December i, 1886; married Hannah 6 Walcott, a daughter of Hannah 5 Walcott (Hapgood), and granddaughter of Sam- uel 4 Hapgood (10) of Stow. 2. Francis Everett 7 , born April 11, 1798; mar- ried, January 30, 1822, Chloe Constan- tine from East Wallingford, Vermont, 52 HAPGOOD FAMILY. born June 20, 1822; resided at Ashby, where he died April 20, 1860. She died March 12, 1887. III. Rufus 5 , born February 12, 1780; died at Stow; unmarried. IV. Nathaniel 5 , born October 22, 1781 ; died at Stow, young. V. John 5 , born October 30, 1786; married, December 19, 1804, Alice Maynard of Sudbury. He died without issue. VI. Betsey 5 , born March 26, 1790; married, October 17, 1805, Joseph Maynard, born February 22, 1780, in Sudbury; resided in Concord, New Hampshire, where his first three children were born; removed to Stow, 1813, where Joseph was born; in 1814 he removed to Lancas- ter, Massachusetts, and established himself on a farm, where the remainder of his children were born. She died February 29, 1867, and he, October 18, 1870. CHILDREN. 1. Elvira 6 Maynard, born October 4, 1807; died May 19, 1836. 2. Mary Esther 6 , born January 7, 1810; died March i, 1813. 3. John Hapgood 6 , born March i, 1812; died June 28, 1878. 4. Joseph 6 , born in Stow, November i, 1814; died in Boston, July 12, 1883. 5. Mary Esther 6 , born August 14, 1816; died January 27, 1841. 6. Abigail 6 , born December 2, 1819; married, Janu- ary 19, 1851, Gilbert Maynard; resides at Waltham. 7. Rufus 6 , born March 20, 1822; died February 6, 1892. 8. Susan 6 , born June 8, 1824; died August I, 1858; married William Russell, who died in 1851. 9. Martha 6 , born February 12, 1826; died August 4, 1896; married Isaac Crouch. 10. Eliza 6 , born August 9, 1829; married Otis Whit- ney; died August 3, 1857. 11. Catharine 6 , born August 9, 1830; married, August 31, 1853, Alvin P. Nickerson; resides on the homestead of her father in Lancaster. FOURTH GENERATION. 53 19 VII. Daniel 5 , born March 9, 1796 (by second wife), in Stow; married Rebecca W. (Brooks) Davis, May 16, 1831, at Templeton. VIII. Felicia 5 , born February 28, 1798, in Stow; intentions of marriage published October 31, 1818, to Timothy East- man of Concord. CHILDREN. 1. Hapgood 6 Eastman, born . 2. Joel 6 , born . 3. Amos 6 , born - 4. George 6 , born 5. Ann 6 , born 6. Abby 6 , born - IX. Abigail 5 , born May 2, 1802; married, June 4, 1829, Ira Bartlett of Stow ; both died in Sullivan, New Hamp- shire. CHILDREN. 1. George 6 Bartlett, born . 2. Willis 6 , born . 3. Rebecca 6 , born X. Nathaniel 5 , born June 30, 1804; resided, unmarried, the proprietor of the old homestead, together with a part of his grandfather's extensive farm in Stow. He died December 2, 1881, and the dear old place around which so many sacred memories cluster, passed out of the family. 10. SAMUEL* (Daniel*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 ), born October 17, 1751; married, December 14, 1786, Elizabeth Maxwell of Stow. He settled first on the homestead in Stow, and afterwards one mile north, on the north side of Assabet River. Served as private in Captain William Whitcomb's company, Colonel James Prescott's regiment, from Stow, on the Alarm of April 19, 1775. He died April, 1821. His widow died March, 1830, at the home of her daughter, 54 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Hannah Walcott, in Stow, with whom she resided after the death of her husband. CHILDREN. I. Mary 5 , born ; baptized May 27, 1787; died 1868. Resided in Boston ; unmarried. II. Hannah 5 , born at Stow, 1787 ; baptized November 30, 1788 ; married, April n, 1817, in Boston, by Reverend Charles Lowell, Robert Walcott from Baltimore, Mary- land, son of Ephraim and Betsey Walcott, born at Stow, 1792; resided in Boston till 1825, when he returned to his native town. Mrs. Walcott died at Stow, 1867, and Robert at Somerville, Massachusetts, April 9, 1885. He was a blacksmith by trade. Chil- dren : Four born in Baltimore, two in Stow. CHILDREN. 1. Mary 6 Walcott, born May 6, 1818; married, May 2, 1848, George Tisdale. She died June 20, 1894. 2. Martha 6 , born September 14, 1819; married, November 6, 1842, Joel Carr; died March, 1888. 3. Charles 6 , born January 18, 1821 ; married, April n, 1843, Elizabeth Gates; resides at Stow. 4. George 6 , born January 10, 1823 ; married, August 13, 1848, Lorena Hough ton of Harvard, Massa- chusetts; died August 22, 1886. 5. Joshua Huntington 6 , born May 19, 1825, at Stow. Went to Rochester, New York, at the age of eighteen. Conductor on Rochester & Albany Railroad several years ; removed to Central America, became superintendent of railroad; removed to Tucson, Arizona, where he died August, 1893. 6. Hannah 6 , born November 16, 1827; married, May 30, 1848, Franklin Gates of Stow, born ; resided in Stow. Enlisted, January 5, 1864, in Fifteenth Massachusetts Battery, served during the war, and mustered out August 4, 1865. Died December i, 1886. He was son of Isaiah Gates, who married Susanna 5 , daughter of Daniel 4 and Esther (Gardner) Hap- good of Stow (9). FOURTH GENERATION. 65 III. Ephraim*, born ; baptized June 27, 1790; died in Boston; unmarried. IV. Samuel 5 , born ; baptized October 28, 1792. Mar- ried, November 13, 1822, Mary Haskell. He died in Boston, December 6, 1849. No children. FIFTH GENERATION. 11. LIEUTENANT ABRAHAM* (Ephraim*, HezekialP, NathanieP, Shadrach 1 ), born October 9, 1752, at Stow. His father removed to Acton, 1753, where Abraham was educated. He married (published October 25, 1775) Lucy Davis, who died April 27, 1777, and he was married second, March 13, 1783, by Reverend Mr. Ripley of Concord, to Mary Merriam, widow of Joseph Wright of Concord, by whom she had a daughter, Mary Wright, born December 31, 1777; married, October 23, 1800, Winthrop Faulkner, and was the mother of Winthrop Emerson Faulkner of South Acton. She died January 24, 1808, and he married third, Mary Foster of Littleton, November 21, 1815. He appears a private on Lexington Alarm rolls of Captain John Hayward's company, Colonel Abijah Pierce's regiment; marched on Alarm of April 19, 1775, from Acton ; length of service, ten days ; he appears with rank of corporal, in Israel Heald's company, Colonel Eleazer Brooks' regiment; marched to Roxbury, March 4, 1 776 ; belonged to Acton. Drafted by Captain Simon Hunt, under Resolve of August 8, 1777, to reinforce Continental army; date, August 14, 1777. He appears a private on muster and pay rolls of Captain George Minot's company, Colonel Samuel Ballard's regiment ; 56 HAPGOOD FAMILY. time of enlistment, August 16, 1777; discharged November 30, 1777; time of service, three months, twenty-five days; town to which he belonged not given, but as he was a citizen of Acton, presumably he was from that town ; service performed in Northern department. His name appears among a list of the Massachusetts Militia as second lieutenant of the Fifth company, of the Third Middlesex County regiment, commissioned June 7, 1780, Captain Davis' company, commanded by Colonel Faulkner. [Massachusetts Archives. ~\ Appointed Administrator of his father's estate, December 13, 1780, died April 6, 1819. An industrious, thrifty, and highly-esteemed farmer. CHILDREN. I. Samuel Davis 6 , born April 6, 1777 (by first wife); died September 4, 1778. II. Lucy 6 , born December 5, 1783 (by second wife); married, January 3, 1805, Abel Jones of Acton, born August 26, 1783 ; died January 18, 1872. She died 1844. CHILDREN, all born in Acton. 1. Lucinda White 7 Jones, born August 24, 1805; married, November 23, 1826, at Acton, Luther Robbins. She died July 6, 1864. 2. Lucy 7 , born September 17, 1807; married, March 15, 1827, Horace Tuttle of Acton. She died August 5, 1845. 3. Abigail Merriam 7 , born April 24, 1809; married, September 10, 1827, Lewis Wood. 4. Charlotte Hapgood 7 , born November 24, 1810; married first, July 19, 1827, George Washington Tuttle. He died 1831, and she married second, December 31, 1840, Theodore Ames, who died 1885. 5. Abel White 7 , born January 20, 1812; married, August 30, 1843, Ann Maria Johnson. He died February 5, 1882. FIFTH GENERATION. 57 6. Clarissa 7 , born September 16, 1814; died January i, 1815. 7. Luke 7 , born November 16, 1815; married first, Lucy K. Brigham, and second, Hannah Leer. 8. Clarissa 7 , born October 6, 1817; married, July 19, 1836, Daniel 7 , son of Edward and Susanna 6 (Hapgood) Wetherbee. 9. Abraham Hapgood 7 , born August 22, 1819; mar- ried, January 17, 1844, Harriet Estabrook Hos- mer ; resides in Acton. 10. Winthrop Emerson 7 , born November 25, 1821. Unmarried. 11. James Francis 7 , born January 26, 1830; married, November 23, 1851, Elizabeth Whitney. III. Joseph 6 , born July 2, 1787; died January i, 1804. IV. Thomas 6 , baptized September 20, 1789, at Stow; died young. V. Charlotte 6 , born September 22, 1791 ; married, October 17, 1811, John White, Jr., of North Acton. CHILDREN. 1. Abraham 7 White, born August 22, 1812; married, September 5, 1833, Susanna 7 , daughter of Edward and Susanna 6 (Hapgood) Wetherbee, born March 28, 1812, and became proprietor of the Nagog House in Acton. Later on he removed to West Rindge, and became a large manufacturer of tubs and woodenware. His wife died November 30, 1893, at Lewiston, Maine, and he, at West Rindge, April 30, 1882. 2. Charlotte 7 , born May i, 1814; married Elbridge Robbins, of Acton. She died September 8, 1844, and he married second, June 6, 1849, Mary Elizabeth 7 , daughter of James 6 Hapgood (20). 3. Winthrop Faulkner 7 , born September 10, 1817; married, October 28, 1839, Harriet 7 , daughter of Edward and Susanna 6 (Hapgood) Wetherbee, born February 14, 1819. Both .still living on a farm in Concord, Massachusetts. 4. Luther 7 , born July 26, 1822 ; married, June 26, 1845, Hannah Tufts of West Cambridge, Massachu- setts; resided at Holliston, Massachusetts, where he died a prosperous farmer, October 4, 1884; his wife died November i, 1888. 58 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 5. Mary Sophia 7 , born July 2, 1825; resided with her parents at Acton; and died November 30, 1846, unmarried. 6. John 7 , born October i, 1831 ; married, May 6, 1863, Sarah Ann Rouillard of Acton, born Feb- ruary 16, 1839; she died November i, 1889. VI. Nabby 6 , born March 14, 1794; married, September 27, 1815, Daniel White, second, of Acton, born 1791 ; brother to her sister's husband. He died 1857, and she, 1865, both at Lowell. CHILDREN. 1. Daniel 7 White, born, 1817, at Acton; married, 1846, Elizabeth Kimball of Maine. 2. Mary 7 , born, 1820 ; married, 1846, at Lowell, Jacob Kelly of New Sharon, Maine. She died, 1892, at Newfane, New York. 3. James Addison 7 , born, 1825; married, 1844, Lucy Abbie Lee of Dracut, Massachusetts. He was killed by railroad train while crossing the track at Woburn, 1847. 4. Charlotte 7 , born June, 1830, at Lowell; married, 1852, George D. B. Kelly of New Sharon, Maine. 5. Edwin 7 , born October 17, 1832, at Acton; mar- ried, November 3, 1864, at Concord, New Hampshire, Henrietta A. Cole. 20 VII. James 6 , born July 14, 1796; married, September i, 1819, Mary Creasy Estabrook. 12. EPHRAIM 8 (Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadract?), born May 3, 1755 ; married, April 13, 1780, Polly, or Molly, Tuttle, born September 21, 1759; died March 5, 1796, and he married second, January 23, 1800, Molly, or Polly, Hunt, born November 22, 1765 ; resided one mile from the village FIFTH GENERATION. 59 of West Acton, on the road to Littleton. He died March 28, 1828, and his widow, February 7, 1850. CHILDREN by first wife. I. Rebecca 6 , born September 8, 1780; married, April 24, 1810, Jonathan Billings of Acton, clockmaker, who died Feb- ruary 13, 1841. She died August 17, 1865. CHILDREN. 1. Mary Hapgood 7 Billings, born March 3, 1811; married, October 13, 1835, Horace Ward of Woburn. 2. Sophia 7 , born September 12, 1813 ; married Charles Robinson of Bedford, September 3, 1840, and died July 9, 1882. 3. Jonathan 7 , born March 6, 1815; died March i, 1816. 4. Jonathan 7 , born October 20, 1816; died March I, 1817. 5. Rebecca 7 , born January 22, 1818; died July 27, 1852. 6. William 7 , born April 26, 1819; died August 14, 1849; married, September 2, 1841, Hannah W. Sargent; resided in Acton. 7. Lois Gibson 7 , born July 17, 1820; died December 10, 1838. 8. Luther 7 , born November 10, 1821 ; married, De- cember 2, 1851, Martha A. Wormwood; resided in Acton. 9. James E. 7 , born January 2, 1823; married, October 7, 1855, Tamson Miller; resided in Acton. 21 II. Ephraim 6 , born June 9, 1782, at Acton; married, May 23, 1805, Hannah Ball. 22 III. Nathaniel 6 , born at Acton, March 21, 1784; married, Feb- ruary 22, 1810, Rebecca Stowe. f IV. Susanna 6 , born March 12, 1786; married, December 24, 1807, Edward Wetherbee of Acton, tavern-keeper, born April 19, 1782; died May 6, 1861. She died Novem- ber 10, 1855. CHILDREN, all born in Acton. 1. Mary 7 Wetherbee, born October 9, 1808 ; married, May 26, 1831, Stephen Hosmer; resided in Lowell, where she died, July 5, 1882. 60 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 2. Edward 7 , born June 21, 1810; died at Acton, May 12, 1867; a farmer ; unmarried. 3. Susanna 7 , born March 28, 1812; married, Sep- tember 5, 1833, Abram White of Acton, born August 22, 1812; resided at Acton, Ashby, Townsend, and West Rindge, where he died April 30, 1882. She died November 30, 1893, at Lewiston, Maine. 4. Daniel 7 , born August 18, 1814; married, July 19, 1836, Clarissa, daughter of Abel and Lucy 6 (Hapgood) Jones, born October 6, 1817; resided at Acton ; a merchant, miller, and farmer; died July, 1883. 5. Sophia 7 , born March 11, 1817; married, December 29, 1842, Winthrop F. Conant, born June II, 1814. She died November 3, 1877, he, Septem- ber 18, 1870. 6. Harriet 7 , born February 14, 1819; married, October 28, 1839, Winthrop Faulkner White, son of Charlotte 6 Hapgood and John White, Jr., of North Acton, born September 10, 1817. They both still live, and carry on the farm in Concord. 23 V. Simon 6 , born January 2, 1788; married Mary Frazier. VI. Polly 6 , born February 11, 1790; died January n, 1811. VII. Sophia 6 , born February 13, 1792; married, April n, 1820, Silas Taylor of Boxboro, born June 27, 1793; died January 28, 1874; resided in Acton, a large and wealthy farmer and leading citizen. She died March 10, 1869. CHILDREN. 1. Sophia 7 Taylor, born March 8, 1821 ; died August 5, 1839. 2. Moses 7 , born April 16, 1822; married, June 18, 1846, Mary Elizabeth Stearns of Acton; died December 16, 1895; resided on the homestead of his father in Acton. 3. Silas 7 , born April 2, 1825 ; died March 18, 1844. 4. Martha 7 , born March 8, 1829; married, April 25, 1850, Hon. John Fletcher, Jr., born August 8, 1827. She died August 14, 1882. VIII. Betsey 6 , born March 13, 1794; died September 24, 1819; FIFTH GENERATION. 61 married, February 17, 1814, Simon Tuttle of Acton, born February 7, 1793; he died September 17, 1864. CHILDREN. 1. Simon 7 Tuttle, Jr., born ; married Mary A. Sargent of Stow, May 2, 1839. 2. Susan 7 , born ; married, Archibald, of Leominster. IX. Molly Tuttle 6 , born March 5, 1796; married, February 23, 1823, Deacon Silas Hosmer of Acton. She died August 21, 1831, of consumption; no children. He married second, Mary Puffer. 24 X. John 6 , born February 10, 1802 (by second wife); married, April 20, 1826, Mary Ann Hosmer. 26 XL Benjamin Franklin 6 , born November 3, 1805; married Perciveranda Joy (or Jay) of Brattleboro, Vermont. 13. CAPTAIN HEZEKIAH* (Ephraim*, Hezekiatf, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 ), born December 23,1757, at Acton; married, November 25, 1777, Dorcas Whitcomb of Stow, born 1761. Settled first in Stow, with his uncle Jonathan, after whom he named his first son. He enlisted at Sudbury in Captain Wheeler's company, 1776; served in the Canadian expedi- tion ; appears as private in Captain Edmund Longley's com- pany, Colonel Cogswell's regiment, enlisted October I, 1778, discharged December 31, 1778. Term of service, three months, one day. Detached for purpose of guarding and fortifying posts in and near Boston. Engaged to serve until January i, 1779, to credit of Stow. Was chosen fire-ward at Stow, 1781, reeve, 1785 and 1788, captain, 1795, and selectman, 1795-96. Removed to South Waterford, Maine, 1797, with his family, and to Fryeburg, 1810, where he purchased a large tract of land, intending to settle all his sons there, but only 62 HAPGOOD FAMILY. succeeded in keeping William, the seventh child, with whom he resided till his death, October, 1818. His widow, Dorcas, resided with her daughter Catharine, in Fryeburg, where she died February 25, 1846. CHILDREN. I. Sarah 6 , born June 28, 1778, baptized same day; married, 1797, Jeduthan, born 1775, probably a son of Jeduthan Alexander, who was killed at the battle of Bunker Hill. CHILD. 1. Jonathan Hapgood 7 Alexander, born July 8, 1798 ; died June i, 1873; married, March 26, 1822, at Denmark, Maine, Mary Howe, born at Den- mark, December 8, 1802 ; died January 18, 1884. II. Jonathan 6 , born Novembers, 1779; probably died young. III. Mercy 6 , born October 17, 1782; married, November 27, 1800, Moses Nourse. She died May 29, 1801. IV. Betsey 6 , born 1783; married, April 18, 1804, Jesse Dunham of Otisfield, Maine. CHILD. t 1. Permelia Robbins 7 Dunham, born October 29, 1807; married, May 13, 1824, James Wight, born April 19, 1800, at Otisfield, where he died June 13, 1871 ; a farmer. 26 V. Ephraim 6 , born January 3, 1785, at Stow, Massachusetts; married, January 7, 1812, Fanny Willard of Harvard, Massachusetts. VI. Elizabeth 6 , baptized September 2, 1787. She probably died young, as no further record of her is found. 27 VII. William 6 , baptized April 5, 1790, at Stow ; married, 1813, at Fryeburg, Mary Harnden. 28 VIII. Sprout 6 , born April 27, 1793, at Stow; married, March 3, 1822, at Waterford, Betsey Sawin. IX. Polly 6 , born May 25, 1795, at Stow, Massachusetts; bap- tized May 31, 1795; married, December 8, 1818, at Fryeburg, Maine, Elbridge Harnden, born at Wilming- ton, Massachusetts, July 31, 1796; brother to William's wife, Mary. Polly died at East Fryeburg, October 10, 1863, and Eldridge, November 18, 1874, at Denmark, Maine. FIFTH GENERATION. 63 CHILDREN, all bom in Fryeburg. 1. Calvin 7 Harnden, born December 16, 1819; mar. ried, November 25, 1852, at Bridgton, Maine, Rosanna Dennett, born September 4, 1826. He died August 16, 1880, and she, September 20, 1884; resided in Fryeburg ; a farmer. 2. William 7 , born January 13, 1822; married, Novem- ber 9, 1849, at Bridgton, Betsey Douglass, born December, 1827, at Denmark. He died Febru- ary 4, 1864, at Fryeburg. 3. Rebekah N. 7 , born March 6, 1824; married, March, 1842, at Bridgton, Jeduthan Trumbull, born April 3, 1817, at Denmark. She died October 16, 1851. 4. Sarah 7 , born August 23, 1825 ; died March 28, 1832. 5. Elbridge, Jr. 7 , born August 7, 1827 ; died March 29, 1832. 6. Wyman 7 , born July 18, 1830; died March 27, 1832. 7. Elbridge 7 , born August 13, 1833; married, Decem- ber 2, 1855, at Fryeburg, Phebe Ann Smith, born in Bridgton, July 12, 1835. He died May 29, 1878. 8. Wyman 7 , born January 24, 1835; married, July 13, 1856, at Denmark, Eliza Fuller Warren, born March 11,1834; resides at Fryeburg; a farmer. X. Hezekiah, Jr. 6 , born at Waterford, 1799; died there March 29, 1816. 29 XI. Thomas 6 , born July 12, 1802, at Waterford; married, De. cember 2, 1830, Jane Me Wain of Putney, Vermont. XII. Catharine 6 , born April 7, 1807, at Waterford; married January 10, 1826, Silas Warren, born February 20, 1802 at Denmark, where he resided. He died June 27, 1886, in West Bridgton. She died January 21, 1872, in Fryeburg. CHILDREN. 1. Harriet 7 , born February 18, 1827; married, Decem- ber 26, 1843, Asa O. Pike, born at Fryeburg^ November 25, 1822; died April 19, 1888. 2. Jane 7 , born January 4, 1832; died March 4, 1857. 64 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 14. OLIVER 5 (Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born August 12, 1762; married, February 10, 1785, Lucy Tuttle, born June 9, 1762, at Littleton, Massachusetts; she died at Waterford, December 5, 1819. Removed to Waterford, Maine, September 9, 1785, settled in the southerly part of that town, erected a carding mill, 1810. A large real estate owner, and one of her most prominent and enterprising citizens. He died November n, 1819. CHILDREN. 30 I. Ephraim 6 , born November 26, 1786; married, March 24, 1816, Joanna Salmon. II. -Lucy 6 , born March 18, 1788; married, April 17, 1817, at Waterford, Isaac Towne of Bethel, a farmer. She died November 3, 1839. 31 III. Artemas 6 , born June 14, 1789; married Mary Haskell. IV. Nathaniel Tuttle 6 , born March 20, 1791; died Novem- ber 6, 1820; unmarried. 32 V. Oliver, Jr. 6 , born December 30, 1794, at Otisfield, Maine ; married, February 8, 1826, Abigail Welch of Ray- mond, Maine. 15. JONATHAN 5 (Ephraim*, Hezekiah 3 , Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born July 30, 1767, at Acton, Massachusetts. Had his uncle Jonathan for guardian, December 30, 1780 ; married Abigail Austin. Removed to Milton, Vermont, about 1788, and in the spring of 1798, apparently feeling that the romance of frontier life was losing its flavor in a place so densely populated, he concluded to make a prospecting tour further west, where he might establish a new home on the solemn border of a vast wilderness. His judgment was good as to farming land, and FIFTH GENERATION. 65 his taste dictated a settlement at Malone, Franklin County, Northern New York. He took up 300 acres of timber land, and through many hardships and privations, worked that summer and the next, making a clearing and building a log house for his family, which he brought the following year (1800) from Milton. The new soil of Malone yielded abun- dant crops that amply rewarded labor, and by skilful manipu- lation, coupled with great industry and economy, he pros- pered and became a wealthy farmer and prominent citizen. The original purchase of 300 acres was situated three miles due north from the present village of Malone, on the border line of Constable. He was the first settler in Malone, then "a howling wilderness" ; planted the first fruit orchard, and showed to the world what pluck, energy, intelligence and industry can produce and unfold. In 1820 he built a framed house on the opposite side of the road from the old log house, which he abandoned, and occupied the new structure up to the time of his death. He had two sons, Cornelius and Amos, born to him before he removed to his new home in the wilderness, and four daughters afterward. He died January I, 1843, and his widow died May 12 of the same year. CHILDREN. 33 I. Cornelius 6 , born October 13, 1789, at Milton, Vermont; married, March I, 1819, Betsey Hutchins. 34 II. Amos 6 , born 1799, at Vergennes, Vermont; married, Feb- ruary 25, 1821, Harriet Holmes. III. Eliza 6 , born 1804, at Malone; married, 1824, Philamon Crandall of Moira, Franklin County, New York, born July 26, 1802, at Milton, Chittenden County, Vermont. CHILDREN. 1. Jonathan William 7 Crandall, born October 16, 1825. 66 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 2. Cornelius 7 , born 3. Hezekiah 7 , born 4. Cordelia 7 , born - 5. Buel M 7 , born 6. Amelia A. 7 , born 7. Eda P. 7 , born 8. John R. 7 , born August 24, 1838. 9. Philancy E. 7 , born . 10. Sallie 7 , born . 11. Samuel B. 7 , born . 12. Alva B. 7 , born . IV. Sarah 6 , born, 1809; married at Malone, Warren Wentworth, born i8oi,in Vermont. He died October 10, 1870, and she, December 5, 1844; resided in Constable, New York ; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. Woodbury 7 Wentworth, born ; died at Malone, 1895. 2. Arabella 7 , born February 13, 1837, at Constable; married, September 19, 1861, George W. Child of Constable, born April 3, 1835; died March 25, 1881 ; resided in Chicago, Illinois. 3. Abbie, born ; married L. W. Conrad ; resides in Chicago. V. Abigail 6 , born 1812; died April u, 1829. VI. Mary 6 , born about 1816; married Amos Bassett, at Malone ; died about 1868. CHILDREN. 1. Daughter 7 , born ; married ; died , leaving two children. 2. Amos 7 Bassett, Jr., born ; resides in Malone. 16. DEACON JOHN S (Shadraclf, Shadrach\ Nathaniel*, Shad- rack 1 }, born June 20, 1771 ; was a true type of the south of England yeomen, that came to New England among the FIFTH GENERATION. 67 early settlers, tall, slim, wiry, muscular, capable of enduring great hardship. He was a worker in its broadest sense, never happier than with a bush scythe in hand, assaulting and destroying those prolific bushy intruders upon his soil ; tilling his grounds with the care and taste of the skilled hus- bandman. The massive stone walls still standing, so deftly laid, exhibit mechanical taste and ingenuity that attest to his skill and industry; and his fields, barren of these stone in- cumbrances, are worthy the gratitude of his successors. It was fortunate that so sturdy a race was thrown upon our rugged soil. A feebler race in the midst of " a howling wilderness," beset by barbed arrows in the hands of a savage foe, and scarcely less savage beasts, awaiting an opportunity to prey upon his defenceless flocks or family of children would have quailed at the onset and abandoned the enter- prise. But the stout hearts and stalwart frames of these hardy farmers, bravely assisted by those noble women, their wives and daughters, faced every foe and conquered every obstacle, leaving to their descendants a heritage of which they are justly proud. He married, December 6, 1797, Mary, daughter of James and Lydia Haskell, born in Harvard, November 25, 1776. He bought lands from and adjoining the old Hapgood home- stead, subsequently receiving additions therefrom, built there extensive buildings, like most of the race, and by great in- dustry and frugality, became a wealthy farmer. He was selectman, 1803-4, parish treasurer, 1819, and for many years deacon in the Orthodox church of the strictest order. He died April 24, 1859, an< ^ hi wife, March 4, 1866. CHILDREN. I. John 6 , born October 6, 1798; died October 5, 1802. 68 HAPGOOD FAMILY. II. Mary 6 , born January 28, 1801 ; died September 26, 1803. III. George 6 , born August 15, 1804; died September 16, 1808. 35 IV. John, Jr. 6 , born March 18, 1807; married Mary Ann Munroe. V. Andrew 6 , born March 27, 1809. He received an academic education, and at the age of eighteen, entered a dry- goods store in Boston, where he remained about three years. He then, in 1830, went into mercantile business in Greensboro, Vermont, prosecuting it with great energy. In the autumn of 1831, his knee became so afflicted as to require on the I2th of April, 1832, am- putation of his leg, but the disease had extended through his system so that he died, unmarried, Septem- ber 28, 1832, at his father's house in Harvard. A gen- ial, brilliant, intelligent young man of great promise, cut down in his 24th year. VI. Mary 6 , born May 5, 1813; taught school for several years; married, March 24, 1835, at Harvard, Peter Dudley Conant, born at Boxboro, Massachusetts, April n, 1803; Mary being the only daughter, it was a great trial for them to part with her, and as there was plenty of land to cultivate and a small village of buildings, the young couple were induced to remain with her parents. The deacon was a strict temperance man, and his son-in-law was like unto himself. They were also in unison in matters of faith, and the union proved a happy one. He died of consumption, March 20, 1862. His widow still survives him. They had one daughter, an only child, Mary Louisa Conant, born May 23, 1836; married, December 20, 1860, Albert Atherton, son of David and Susan (Randall) Pollard, born at Harvard, December 6, 1831. He, too, settled on the old home- stead founded by her grandfather, Deacon John Hap- good, and her mother is enjoying her riper years amid the blessings of a comfortable home from which she has never been separated, and is surrounded by her grandchildren, who are ever ready to contribute to her happiness. 17. JABEZ S (Shadmck*, Shadrack 3 , Nathaniel 1 *, Skadrach 1 }, born September 30, 1781 ; settled in the northern part of FIFTH GENERATION. 69 Harvard, and, like most of the other descendants of Shad- rach 4 , was an industrious, frugal, and wealthy farmer ; married, July 26, 1805, Susannah, daughter of James and Lydia Haskell of Oak Hill, Harvard, sister to his brother John's wife, both most excellent women and housewives, born July 26, 1781 ; died February 19, 1851. He died August 12, 1860. CHILDREN. I. Susan 6 , born October 20, 1806; married, April 9, 1829, Josiah Hartwell, born in Shirley, January 23, 1799; died September 19, 1851, in Groton. She died March 18, 1881, at Harvard, of typhoid pneumonia. CHILDREN. 1. George 7 Hartwell, born November 24, 1830, at Har- vard; married, September 13, 1856, in Boston, Margaret Anna Stokell, born November 4, 1831, at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where she died February 21, 1897. He was a man of energy, fond of horses, as was his father before him; in various kinds of mercantile business, with fluctuating fortune, and at the time of his death, March 26, 1885, was a member of the firm of D. C. Hall & Co., New York ; s. p. 2. Sarah 7 , born November 20, 1834; married, Febru- ary 12, 1857, in Boston, William Henry Getchell, born March 10, 1829, at Hallowell, Maine ; removed to Peoria, Illinois ; returned to Bos- ton and became a distinguished photographer. Resides in Dorchester. CHILD. 1. Frederick* Getchell, born January 19, 1858, in Boston. 3. Ellen Cleora 7 , born December 15, 1848, at Harvard ; she was adopted, 1876, by Amasa Davis and Hannah 6 (Hapgood) Gamage of Boston, taking her adopted father's name. Six years after his decease, in 1881, she returned to her old home in Harvard, which was unfortunately destroyed 70 HAPGOOD FAMILY. by fire, May 10, 1892 ; a more modern structure was erected on the old site, near the common, the following summer, where she now resides, a cheerful, genial soul, much respected and beloved; unmarried. 36 II. Henry 6 , born January 2, 1808; married, May 8, 1839, Ann Matilda Estabrook. III. George 6 , born December 12, 1809; married, November 12, 1843, at Hartford, Connecticut, Cleora Morgan, born October 19, 1810, at Northfield, and died in Leominster, Massachusetts, May 13, 1850; no children. George was a good scholar and one of the most intelligent and energetic young men in " Old Mill " district. He worked on the home farm till he was of age, then went to Leominster and found employment in a comb factory, that industry being somewhat extensive in that and the adjoining town of Lancaster, at that time. Fashions changed, the business languished, and to-day many of the factories are in ruins. He was a hard- working, economical man, saved his earnings and invested his money with prudence and good judgment, and at the end of twenty-one years, 1860, returned to the farm with a handsome fortune. He assisted his aged father on the farm, and at his death became the proprietor. His wife having died in 1850, his two maiden sisters, Lizzie and Lydia, both very capable, united their interests with his, and the trio together carried on the farm in a neat, profitable, and husband- like manner. He was a brave, uncomplaining man, and died suddenly of Bright's disease and ossification of the valves of the heart, November 21, 1878. IV. Elizabeth 6 , born November 15, 1811 ; had a good common- school education ; resided the greater part of her life with her parents on the farm in " Old Mill " ; was an excellent housewife, neat, industrious, economical and painstaking; inherited from her father a vein of humor, and, with him, very constant at church on Sundays. By nature, reserved, unostentatious and modest, caring little for the giddy whirl of society, but attending faithfully to every duty of domestic life, and never happier than when setting her house in order. She was strictly a domestic woman, making home cheerful Oeorcie FIFTH GENERATION. 71 and others happy. When George assumed the respon- sibility of running the large farm, no one ever had better helpmates than he, or more united and pros- perous. By the marriage of Lydia, 1877, to Mr. Hart- well, the charmed circle was broken, and by the death of George, in 1878, destroyed. In 1879 she removed to Shirley and was again united with Lydia, whose husband died the previous year, leaving his widow in possession of his estate. They remained here for two years, then returned to Harvard and occupied the Holman house, near the common. April 10, 1883, Lydia was married to Luke Whitney of Bare Hill, West Harvard, for second husband. He died July n, 1884, and she returned to abide with her sister till separated by the hand of death. In 1891 they pur- chased a lot and erected the beautiful and commodious house on the Littleton road, occupied by them to the time of Elizabeth's death, by pneumonia, January 2, 1897. V. Nancy 6 , born July 26, 1814; married, April 17, 1838, at Harvard, Phineas Holden, son of Ellis and Miriam (Holden) Harlow, born December 14, 1814, in Old Mill district, Harvard, and educated in the public school. He bought the Robbins' farm at the northerly end of Pin Hill, settled down with his most excellent and frugal wife, where they spent the remainder of their days; prospered, and reared a large family of honored and respected children, none in town more sensibly indulged or kindly treated. The mother died January 25, 1883, and the father followed August 23, 1890. CHILDREN. 1. Ann Eliza 7 Harlow, born March 23, 1839; resides atAyer; unmarried. 2. Charles Ellis 7 (Corporal), born at Harvard, Mas- sachusetts, November 6, 1840, where he received his early education. For several years he remained on the farm with his parents, then went to Boston and was employed in a provision store a few years. August 25, 1862, he enlisted as private for nine months in the Eleventh Massachusetts battery, Captain Ed- ward J. Jones, and reported at Camp Meigs, 72 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Readville, which place they left in October for a camp of instruction at Washington. In November the company, being equipped as a six-gun battery, crossed the Potomac at Chain Bridge, into Virginia, occupying a position on Hall's Hill. As no enemy appeared they were ordered to Centreville, where the winter was spent doing guard duty, attached to Twenty- second army corps. About the 2oth of May reported at Washington, turned over the guns to the arsenal, and returned to Boston, where, a few days later, they were mustered out of service, having nowhere met the enemy in the field. In December, 1863, he re-enlisted in same battery, under same commander, as corporal, for three years, finding about fifty of the old boys with him, who were mustered in, January 2, 1864. On February 5, they proceeded to Washington and were attached to Ninth army corps, under Burnside, at Camp Barry, District of Columbia. Here he was taken down with fever, dysentery, and pneumonia, and died March 2, 1864. The remains were forwarded to his native town for interment. 3. Edward Omar 7 , born December 25, 1842; married, February 15, 1872, at Gloucester, Massachusetts, Mary Lowe Poole, born April 13, 1837; resides at Ayer, Massachusetts; a provision dealer. 4. Clara Miriam 7 , born January 31, 1845; married, at Harvard, November 3, 1880, Eugene Manley Niles, born September 7, 1847, at North Jay, Maine; resides at North Cambridge, Massa- chusetts. 5. Susan Matilda 7 , born April 23, 1847 ; died Decem- ber 27, 1871, at Harvard; unmarried. 6. Adaline Sawyer 7 , born July 21, 1849; resides at Ayer; unmarried. 7. George Hapgood 7 , born December 10, 1851 ; mar- ried, June 14, 1879, at Jay Bridge, Maine, Ada Frances Ludden, born November n, 1852, at Livermore, Maine ; resides at Somerville, Mas- sachusetts ; he is a salesman in Boston ; s. p. FIFTH GENERATION. 73 8. John Bowker, born June 28, 1854; married, Febru- ary 8, 1893, at Harvard, Carrie Etta Cobleigh, born in Boxboro, April 10, 1866; settled on the homestead of his father; a quiet, industrious and prosperous farmer, a good citizen, and from year to year making improvements on his farm. 9. Mary Wetherbee, born December 23, 1857; died April 27, 1865. VI. Lydia Haskell 6 , born July 14, 1819; a bright, cheerful, ami- able girl, never leaving home for any great length of time till her marriage, November 27, 1877, to Jeremiah Chaplin Hartwell, brother to her sister Susan's hus- band, born August 31, 1807, in Shirley, where he died suddenly of heart failure in a field near his house, October 14, 1878. In 1879 her sister came to live with her till 1881, when they removed to Harvard Cen- tre. She married second, April 10, 1883, Luke Whit- ney of Bare Hill, West Harvard, an honorable, upright, well-to-do farmer. On the second day of July, 1884, he climbed an old cherry tree, quite near the house, for some cherries, and in his eagerness for the fruit, ven- tured too far out on a limb, which broke and precip- itated him to the ground, causing a compound fracture of the spine. Death did not immediately ensue, but sensation was, below the upper break, suspended, while the brain remained normal to the time of death, July 11, 1884. This calamity caused her sister Elizabeth to open her arms and welcome her back to her home. They remained in the Holman house till 1891, when, having ample means, they bought a house lot on the Littleton road, near the common, and built the pretty house occupied by them to the time of the death of her sister, January 2, 1897. She still resides there ; no children. VII. Lucy 6 , born June 6, 1823; resided with her parents, and died unmarried, September 27, 1859. 18. JoEL 5 (Shadrack*, Shadrach*, Nathaniel 2 , Shadrack 1 } was born in Harvard, March 26, 1788, and educated in the Old 74 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Mill school. He bought, of his father, for $620, a part of the old homestead farm and dwelling, founded by his grand- father Shadrach 3 , about 1727, and settled there; deed signed by Shadrach and Elizabeth, April 12, 1809, recorded May 29, 1809. [ Worcester Register of Deeds, Book 175, Page 292.] The house was one of the first of large frame houses built in what was then Stow, but became Harvard on the incorporation of that town in 1732, and was located about one and one-fourth miles north of the first meeting-house, on what was known as "Stow Leg." The building was of the Colonial style, two stories in front and running down back to one story, with long kitchen, large chimney, fire- place, oven and ash pit ; it also served as dining, sitting and reception room on ordinary occasions. It had a portico in front with large hall opening into spacious rooms on either side. It was glazed with lozenge-shaped glass, set in lead, a portion of which remained down to the early part of the present century, as we well remember ; the other part was presumably stripped of its lead and bestowed to the cause of liberty, in the shape of bullets. Here the large families of the two Shadrachs, Joel and Jonathan, were reared, and educated in the little Old Mill district red-brick school- house, a mile away, while the meeting-house and the middle of the town were a mile and a quarter in the opposite direction. Previous to his marriage, in 1812, Joel built the annex, or house, at the west end of the original mansion, con- nected with and opening into it, so that he could at all times pass in and out, as his duty in caring for the comfort of his parents might require, by day or night. He bought the "Deacon Stone" farm, off the main road, about midway FIFTH GENERATION. 75 between his own farm and the middle of the town, and car- ried it on for many years, but finally disposed of it. He also owned other outlands, and was a prosperous and wealthy farmer. His son Jonathan succeeded to the occupancy of the origi- nal house, carrying on the farm for half its products, during the natural life of his father and stepmother. She outlived him, and his son Charles assumed the conditions of the covenant. Joel married first, November 12, 1812, Sally 7 Fairbank, born September 23, 1792, died January 19, 1820, daughter of Jonathan 6 Fairbank (born September 4, 1758, died September 8, 1840), by his wife, Hannah Hale of Stow, born April 27, 1763, died September 19, 1849, an< ^ granddaughter of Cap- tain Joseph 5 (born November 4, 1722; married October 4, 1749; died May 28, 1802), by his wife, Abigail Tarbell of Groton, born June 6, 1721; married October 4, 1749; died April 12, 1798, and great granddaughter of Deacon Joseph 4 , born, 1693, died December 6, 1772; married, April 21, 1718, Mary Brown, who died November 14, 1791, and great great granddaughter of Captain Jabez 3 (born in Lancaster 8 : 1 1 : 1670, died March 2, 1758), and his wife, Mary Wilder, born in 1675, died February 21, 1718, and great great great grand- daughter of Jonas 2 Fairbank, one of the original proprietors of Lancaster, who married, May 28, 1658, Lydia, daughter of John Prescott, who came from Sowerby, England, born in Watertown, Massachusetts, August 15, 1641. Jonas, with his son Joshua, was slain by the Indians at the burning of Lancaster, February 10, 1676. Jonas moved from Dedham to Lancaster in 1657, was the son of Jonathan and Grace (Lee) Fairebanke, who came from Yorkshire to Boston, 76 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1633, and Dedham, 1636, bringing Jonas in infancy. He was a man of consideration and moral worth and allied in England to men of standing. He was, without doubt, the common ancestor of all New England families who spell their names Fairbank or Fairbanks. Joel Hapgood married second, January 30, 1822, Charlotte, daughter of Jason and Silence Mead, born December 22, 1791. He was the youngest of the four robust sons of Shadrach 4 , all frugal, industrious and prosperous farmers. They all had peculiar and similar traits, and yet each had considerable individuality. Their lands were cultivated and kept exceed- ingly neat and in good taste, fenced mostly with massive stone walls, ever in good repair, crops gathered promptly, and a village of buildings, nicely painted, seemed to be their delight. Order was the rule of the household and farm. Everything must be in place, and there must be a place for everything. They were all fairly good mechanics, but none great scholars, nor have any of the four, except in a single instance, a great grandchild living bearing the Hapgood name. It is painful to see so many of these old American families becoming extinct. He was favored by fortune in the choice of his second wife. She was an intelligent, agree- able woman, with a vein of humor in her composition, and could neatly parry the ready wit of a rival. Having no children of her own, she readily adopted and devoted herself to the three children by the first wife, none of which ever regarded her as any other than their own dear mother. We copy from the Clinton Courant of December 31, 1881, the following notice : HARVARD. The quiet little town of Harvard was very pleasantly agitated on Thursday, the 22d inst., in a 'reception ' given by Mrs. Charlotte Hap- Cbarlotte (/Ifceafc) Tbapgoofc. FIFTH GENERATION. 77 good, at her residence, from 12 M. to 3 p. M., in commemoration of her ninetieth birthday. The weather was quite unpropitious, but about ninety of her neighbors and friends assembled to pay their respects to the dear memories of the past and the bright hopes for the future. Few people of her age are in a better state of preservation. Her step is not as elastic as it was forty years ago, but she moves about with great facility, and can walk her mile with as much ease as some younger per- sons ; nor is her sight or hearing very much impaired. She has always enjoyed good health, and we attribute this very largely to her cheerful disposition. It was her loveliness and magnetism of character that drew together so many loving hearts upon the present occasion. This vener- able lady still retains her interest in the church, in public affairs, and even reads the newspapers with as much zest as ever ; and although she is not able to minister to the sick and needy as generously as in earlier days, she sympathizes fully with those who are sick or in trouble. The 3oth of January, 1822, was a fortunate day for the late Joel Hap- good, when Charlotte Mead consented to become his companion for life, and a mother to his three small children. We have known her intimately from infancy, have shared her kindness, partaken of her generous hos- pitality, and may say, without any attempt at flattery, that no family ever had a more conscientious, self-sacrificing, devoted mother than did this one ; in fact, we have never seen her in anger ; we have often seen her rise in her lofty, womanly dignity, in scorn above some uncivil remark, some discourteous treatment, but we have never witnessed that unrea- soning ebulition, that sort of volcanic explosion that sometimes emanates from certain quarters. She was more likely to parry such assaults by some humorous or witty retort, in such gentle, smiling manner as to place the offender hors de combat and compel his respect. Another peculiarity of this woman's life was that she always had plenty to do. What a blessing ! She never ate the bread of idleness, nor did Satan find in her nimble fingers any mischievous desires to appropriate. And now I say to the young reader, her example is before you. Do you covet longevity ? Be cheerful, be industrious, be self-sacrificing, and your days will be many and full of honor. H. He died September 28, 1855, and his widow, July 17, 1884. CHILDREN, all by first marriage. 37 I. Jonathan Fairbank 6 , born January 15, 1814; married first, Susan Wetherbee. II. Hannah 6 , born May 14, 1815; married first, April 14, 1836, Hiram, son of Thomas and Polly (Whitney) Houghton, born in Harvard, April 1 6, 1814. At the time of his marriage, he purchased a farm about three-quarters of a mile southeast 'of the middle of the town of Harvard, adjoining that of his father on the opposite side of the road, and resided there about four years. He was the only child of his parents, whose advancing years and declining health rendered it proper and fitting that he should dispose of his farm and return 78 HAPGOOD FAMILY. to the old homestead, in charge of the farm and his venerable parents. He died January 2, 1853 ; had one child, born April 26, 1837; died at birth. She married second, March 4, 1856, Amasa Davis Gamage of Boston, a brother of Julia Adelaide Gamage, the wife of her brother, Warren Hapgood, born January 19, 1815. Left an orphan at the age of eight years, he was placed on a farm at Westminster, Massachusetts, where he remained six years, and then returned to his native city. After a period spent at Mr. Thayer's celebrated Chauncey Hall School, he entered a whole- sale dry-goods store in Central street, where he remained several years ; later on, he was employed by Ladd & Hall, who were doing an extensive Nova Scotia trade. For many years cashier and confidential clerk with that firm in Chatham street, and on the death of Mr. Ladd, the senior member, became a partner, under firm name of John G. Hall & Co., which continued up to the time of his death. He resided with his widowed mother till her death, 1867, and then removed to Charlestown where he died, March 12, 1881. He became an active member of Tiger Engine Company No. 7, 1835 ; member of Boston Light Infantry, 1838 ; Attentive Fire Society, 1867, and was a member of the Boston Veteran Firemen's Association. He was constant in business, a firm friend, of strict integrity, and upright and honorable in all his dealings. His widow resides at Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts, and well sustains her character as an industrious, prudent, economical housewife, rather retiring from society, except to a few familiar friends. 38 III. Warren 6 , born October 14, 1816; married, January 14, 1852, Julia Adelaide Gamage. 19. DANIEL 5 (Daniel*, DanieP, Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born March 9, 1796 ; married at Stow, May 16, 1831, Rebecca W. (Brooks) Davis of Templeton, Massachusetts. She died May fcannab Gamacie. FIFTH GENERATION. 78a JONATHAN 6 FAIRBANK was born in Harvard, 1758, settled on the homestead of his father, Joseph ; married Hannah Hale of Stow. CHILDREN. 1. Artemas 7 , born November 3, 1787; married, January 25, 1816, Rachel Houghton; settled with his father on the homestead in East Bare Hill, Harvard, where he died July 22, 1874. 2. Jonathan 7 , born December 29, 1788; was twice married; lived with his parents during the brief period of his first marriage, but after the second (1821), he bought the Gates farm, adjoining, and built the mansion house, where he spent the remainder of his days. The following obituary appeared in the Clinton, Courant, October 22, 1881. Died, on the 3d inst., after a brief illness of three days, at the advanced age of ninety-two years, Deacon Jonathan Fairbank. In this death the town has sustained the loss of one of its oldest and most esteemed citizens. He was born in the old Fairbank mansion, in the south part of Harvard, called " Bare Hill," December 29, 1788, and descended from Jonathan and Grace (Lee) Fairbank, who came to this country from York- shire, England, about 1636, and who are presumed to be the common ancestors of all of that name in this country. Here he was raised to habits of industry and economy, receiving a good common-school education, where he was regarded an excellent scholar. Quite early in life he manifested superior mechanical and artistic skill and taste, and many traces of his originality may still be seen in the houses of his kindred, in designs for furniture ornamentation, both in carving and painting, and in fancy and ornamental inscriptions of various kinds. His minority was, however, spent with his parents on the farm, but on arriving at his majority, he at once commenced mechanical business, first as a carpenter, and later, cabinet maker. It must be borne in mind that at that early period there were no ready-made furniture stores as at present, and to furnish a house orders must be given to a " cabinet maker " for the furniture, who was as well a lumber dealer, in the absence of lumber yards, which greet our eyes in almost every large town to-day. Nor was it possible to buy a set of tools such as are in the hands of the merest tyro of to-day ; and our young aspirant had to make his own simple set of tools. His success was the more remarkable since he never served an apprenticeship to any trade, but took it up by mere force of will and natural ingenuity ; and many a bridal outfit was the result of the taste, skill, and handiwork of young Fairbank, as may be seen to-day in some of the old houses in his native town. February 25, 1817, he married Hannah Howard of Bolton, still making a pleasant home under the paternal roof, working most of the time in his little 78b HAPGOOD FAMILY. shop where he had been so successful, but occasionally assisting his father, during hurried seasons, in farming. His wife died in 1819, aged twenty-four years. September 19, 1820, he married Sally Hartwell of Littleton. In the spring of 1821 he purchased the large and well-known " Gates farm," adjoining his father's, which he then occupied. The old Gates house was not, however, to his taste, and during the following summer he built the large mansion house on the main road. This was his happy home for nearly sixty years, and here the last rites of sepulture were performed. By the second marriage were born two sons Jonathan Howard, in 1825, and Daniel Hartwell, in 1830. J. Howard deceased in 1840, D. Hartwell alone surviving both parents. Howard, as he was familiarly called, was a bright, intelligent, promising boy, and his early death cast a deep gloom over his parents for years, and even down to the very end of his life the deacon could not speak of his darling boy without a pang. In his business of farming he was admirably sustained in all his movements by a most estimable wife, whose energy and good judgment were ever equal to any emergency. The milk of twenty cows was to be converted into butter and cheese ; wool must be carded, spun, and woven into cloth for family use nay, more, must be cut and made into garments; company must be enter- tained, and no woman in Harvard could do it with more royal grace, nor were many houses better furnished or more homelike. He was educated under the most rigid form of the Orthodox faith, his parents remaining in that fold to the end of their honorable lives. It was prior to the pastorate of the Rev. Mr. Blanchard that an unhappy schism separated the first church, the Orthodox or Puritanic branch seceding and building a new house of worship, while the Unitarian or Monotheistic branch remained in the old church. The subject of these remarks remained with the latter. He was tendered the best pew in the house, was elected deacon, which office he held for fifty-eight years, and Was a most constant worshipper as long as he could hear. He was of even temper and at peace with all men. No one ever spoke ill of him, or had occasion to. Not a teetotaler, but strictly a temperate man during the whole of his long life, and this, together with his cheerful disposition and regular habits, as well as constant industry, working down to within three or four days of his final departure, may account for his great length of days. But he has gone "where the just made perfect" go, and left the record of a noble life and character to others. H. " Deacon Fairbank was a captain of militia during 1812-14. He was chosen deacon of the first church (Unitarian) of Harvard in 1823, holding that office for fifty-eight years. He was the fifth and last of five deacons Fairbank, in unbroken succession in Harvard's first church from its foundation in 1733, a period of nearly 150 years." 3. Sally 7 , born September 23, 1792; married, November 12, 1812, Joel Hapgood, and died January 19, 1820, leaving three children : Jonathan, Hannah, and Warren. The record of Deacon Fairbank was accidentally omitted, and is here in- serted with his portrait. FIFTH GENERATION. 79 n, 1835, and he married second, March 20, 1836, Clarissa Dearth, born October i, 1811, at Stewartstown, New Hamp- shire; she died August 20, 1886, at Ashburnham, Massa- chusetts; resided in Templeton, where he died, 1874, a prominent and prosperous farmer. CHILDREN. I. Daniel 6 , born May 13, 1832, at Templeton (by first wife), the only great grandson and heir by the name of Hapgood, from Deacon Daniel, the inheritor of the homestead of Shadrach the first; died February 4, 1861, at Townsend ; unmarried. II. John Dearth 6 , born July 12, 1837 (by second wife); died September 9, 1866, at Townsend; unmarried. . III. Euthera 6 , born October 28, 1838; died October 23, 1861. IV. Jerusha 6 , born July 25, 1840; died January 21, 1864, at Ashburnham. V. Mary Esther 6 , born October 8, 1841 ; married, June 18, 1859, David William Day, born March 30, 1837, at South Orange, Massachusetts ; resides at Leominster, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. 1. Frank E. 7 Day, born May 16, 1860, at Leominster. 2. A son 7 , born May 14, 1862, at Clinton, Massa- chusetts. 3. Minnie B. 7 , born December 13, 1864, at Leomin- ster ; married, August 5,1887, Charles Marsh of Swanzey, New Hampshire. 4. Julia A. 7 , born January 16, 1866, at Ashburnham ; married, October 30, 1890, at Leominster, Orion Burgess of Ayer, Massachusetts. 5. William Fisher 7 , born January 14, 1868, at Leom- inster; married, March 21, 1893, Gertrude Fife of Pembroke, New Hampshire. 6. Walter Edward 7 , born September 5, 1870, at Leominster ^ married, March 22, 1893, Minnie E. Marsh of Swanzey. 7. Hannah Colton 7 , born January 22, 1873, at Fitch- burg; married, July 4, 1894, at Leominster, Fred O. Bishop of Swanzey. 80 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 8. Mabel Kendall 7 , born February 19, 1875, at Fitch- burg; married at Leominster, August 7,1893, Fred Foster of England. 9. Arthur John 7 , born September 27, 1878, at Leom- inster. 10. Blanch Elizabeth 7 , born December i, 1880. 11. Charles 7 , born September 20, 1882. 12. Warren Hollis 7 , born January 12, 1886. SIXTH GENERATION. 20. CAPTAIN JAMES" (Abraham*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathan- iel*, Skadrach 1 }, born July 14, 1796; married, September i, 1819, at Lexington, Massachusetts, Mary Creasy, daughter of Samuel and Abigail (Warren) Estabrook, born April 6, 1802, at Brookline, Massachusetts, a direct descendant of Reverend Joseph Estabrook of Concord, one of the first settlers and minister there, for nearly fifty years. She was a woman of rare ability and a real helpmeet in the rearing of their numerous family. After his father's death he removed from West Acton to East Acton, on the " Great Road " from Boston to Keene, New Hampshire, then the great thoroughfare of travel through Acton. He filled various offices of trust in his native town, was commissioned, in 1827, Captain of Militia company, Third regiment, First brigade, Third division of Infantry, and was for many years identified with the history of the town. Besides carrying on his large farm, he was usually engaged in other business enterprises. He invested in real estate in the city of Lowell, when that place was becoming a SIXTH GENERATION. 81 manufacturing centre, and after his time for active business had passed, he moved there to spend his declining years, two of his children having settled there before him. He left a visible monument to his memory in the rows of beautiful elms he planted, bordering the road through his farm in East Acton. His estimable wife died at Lowell, July 21, 1871, and he, November 5, 1872. Both are interred in Lowell Cemetery. CHILDREN. I. Abram 7 , born June 8, 1820; married, July 26, 1846, at Lowell, Roxana, daughter of Samuel and Sarah Wilson, born 1825, at New Boston, New Hampshire. He died at New Orleans, April 21, 1867; a merchant. CHILDREN. I. Henrietta 8 , born 1847 ; died 1864, at New Orleans, Louisiana. II. Sarah Wilson 8 , born 1848; died at Lowell, 1852. III. George Woodman 8 , born 1850; killed at Boston by railroad accident, 1880. IV. Fred Eugene 8 , born July 29, 1854; went to sea and not since heard from. V. Wilson 8 , born 1858, at Mount Sterling, Illinois; died there February, 1859. II. Mary Elizabeth 7 , born January 14, 1822; married, June 6, 1849, at Nashua, New Hampshire, Elbridge, son of John and Sallie (Jones) Robbins, born in Acton, March 23, 1811 ; a large farmer and dealer in live-stock; died October 19, 1890. His widow still survives him. CHILDREN. 1. Chauncy Bowman 8 Robbins, born April 15, 1850; succeeded to his father's large farm and busi- ness in Acton; unmarried. 2. Howard Jackson 8 , born March 14, 1852; married, September 27, 1883, at Independence, Kansas, Urena, daughter of Doctor J. D. Hollis of Knox- ville, Iowa. 3. Sarah Frances 8 , born August 30, 1854; married, July 21, 1879, at Acton, Silas Taylor, son of John 82 HAPGOOD FAMILY. and Martha (Taylor) Fletcher, born February 18, 1854; resides in Maiden, Massachusetts; a merchant in Boston. 4. Charles Joseph 8 , born February 23, 1856; married, September 21, 1892, at Acton, Blanche Mady Bassett, born May 29, 1871 ; resides in Shelton, Nebraska, dealer in live-stock and grain. 5. Webster Gushing 8 , born January 28, 1860; mar- ried, May 25, 1885, Amelia Harriet Nichols, born September 20, 1865, at Danbury, Connecti- cut; resides in Acton, a live-stock dealer. 6. George Harvey 8 , born October 29, 1862; resides in Acton ; a druggist, unmarried. 39 III. William Estabrook Stearns 7 , born November 19, 1823 ; married, February 17, 1847, Maria Haven of Lowell. IV. Frances Emily 7 , born October 2, 1825; married first, at Nashua, New Hampshire, May, 1850, Wesley Hind- man; died in Massachusetts, 1865, and she married second, at Galveston, Texas, July 17, 1871, Abram Hoxie of Easton, New York ; resides in Galveston ; a civil engineer. No children. V. Julia Ann 7 , born September 8, 1827; married, November 25, 1852, at Acton, Ira Franklin Lawry, born at Vinal Haven, Maine ; resides in Taunton, Massachusetts ; manufacturer. CHILD. 1. Charles Allison 8 Lawry, born January I, 1855, at Newburyport, Massachusetts ; married, Novem- ber 1 8, 1878, Mary Louise ; resides in Taunton ; a book-keeper. VI. Charlotte Maria 7 , born August 21, 1829; married, January T 7) l &55i at Boston, Lewis Lawry of Vinal Haven; resides in Taunton ; a manufacturer. CHILD. 1. Lillian Gertrude 8 Lawry, born November 30, 1868, at Newburyport ; unmarried. VII. Annette 7 , born August 8, 1831; resides in Taunton; unmarried. VIII. Sarah Robbins 7 , born May 6, 1834; married, June 25, 1867, at Galveston, Texas, Henry Jackson Beebe, born SIXTH GENERATION. 83 Louisville, Kentucky, about 1834, reared in New Orleans, where he became a wholesale merchant; removed to Galveston in 1873, and died there April 25, 1878. CHILDREN. 1. Inez Florence* Beebe, born September 30, 1868, at New Orleans ; resides in Galveston ; a teacher. 2. Dee 8 , born January 8, 1870, at New Orleans; resides in Galveston ; an artist. 3. Pantine 8 , born October 21, 1873, at Galveston ; died July 4, 1890. IX. James 7 , born May 29, 1836; died May i, 1851, at Acton. X. Ellen Augusta 7 , born June 20, 1838; married, November 13, 1866, at Galveston, James Taylor Huffmaster, born at Newport, Kentucky ; resides in Galveston ; bank accountant. CHILDREN. 1. Helen 8 Huffmaster, born March 6, 1868. 2. Blanche 8 , born July 9, 1874. 3. Beatrice 8 , born September 19, 1875. 4. Edna 8 , born November 20, 1877. 5. Hu Taylor 8 , born February 3, 1880. XI. John Estabrook 7 , born October 19, 1840; married, August 20, 1874, at Alleghany City, Pennsylvania, Elizabeth Lowey Payne, born September 3, 1857, at Coal Valley, Pennsylvania, daughter of James Payne, Jr. ; resides in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; machinist. CHILDREN. I. Lowey Payne 8 , born March 21, 1876, at Pittsburgh, where he resides ; a doctor. II. James Estabrook 8 , born January 22, 1885. III. Frances Sarah 8 , born October 14, 1894. ) IV. Chauncy Lewis 8 , born October 14, 1894. y XII. Abbie Victoria 7 , born January 20, 1843; married, Decem- ber 20, 1866, at Lowell, Hiram Edwin Wheeler, born in Concord, Massachusetts ; resided at Lowell ; a merchant; died November 2, 1875, an d sne married second, April 14, 1894, at Lowell, James Menzies of Montrose, Scotland; resides in City of Mexico; mana- ger of Mexican Telephone Company. 84 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILD. 1. Ethel Gertrude 8 Wheeler, born July 13, 1868, at Lowell ; married, October 9, 1895, Frank Page Cheney of that place. 21. EPHRAIM 6 (Ephraim*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 ), born June 9, 1782; married, May 23, 1805, to Hannah Ball of Bolton ; resided in Acton, a farmer and cooper, on the farm now occupied by his son Andrew. He died February 3, 1849. CHILDREN. I. Harriet 7 , born February 23, 1806, at Acton; married, Octo- ber 7, 1830, Joseph Bartlett Barry, born at Rocking- ham, Vermont, September 2, 1806; died January 7, 1861, at Ovid, New York. His widow died at same place, September 8, 1884. CHILDREN. 1. Calista Ann 8 Barry, born July 10, 1832, at Shirley, Massachusetts; married, August 29, 1849, Rev- erend Bowles Colgate Townsend, at Ovid, Seneca County, New York. 2. James 8 , born November 12, 1833, at Lowell; married, February 10, 1858, at Elmira, Chemung County, New York, Mary Elizabeth Sly. 3. Joseph Bartlett 8 , Jr., born September 2, 1835, at Ovid; married, September 2, 1857, at Terre Haute, Vigo County, Indiana, Mattie Keyes, a graduate from Elmira College, New York, 1861. He was graduated from Madison Theological Seminary, 1867, ordained a Baptist minister, and died May 30, 1889. 4. Hannah Hapgood 8 , born October n, 1837, at Ovid ; married, September 7, 1864, Edwin Clark Parker of Ovid. II. Hannah 7 , born July 5, 1807; married, May 12, 1829, George Baldwin of Concord. She married second, SIXTH GENERATION. 85 Nathan Raymond of Boxboro', born 1787. She died November 23, 1855. CHILDREN. 1. Harriet 8 Raymond, born March, 1836; died 1873, or 1874. 2. Ephraim Hapgood 8 , born March, 1838; married Eunice Blanchard; resides in Somerville; a milk dealer. 3. Marcus Morton 8 , born February i, 1841 ; married and resides in Somerville ; a milk dealer. III. Maria 7 , born May 14, 1809; married, January i, 1829, Ira Stockwell of Chesterfield, New Hampshire, born 1805. CHILDREN. 1. George Baldwin 8 Stockwell, born July 21, 1830; died December 3, 1886. 2. Cyrus Hapgood 8 , born July 16, 1832 ; resided in Peoria, Illinois; enlisted in Company G, Sev- enty-seventh regiment, Illinois Volunteers, made sergeant ; died May 13, 1864, at New Orleans, of wounds received in battle. 3. Eben Smith 8 , born April 17, 1838; resided at Healdsburg, California, where he died March 28, 1867. 4. Ann Maria 8 , born March 28, 1840; married, Octo- ber ii, 1861, David Woods. He died, and she married, second, George W. Greene. 40 IV. Ephraim 7 , born September 16, 1812; married, February 19, 1837, Harriet Amanda Whitten of Cavendish, Ver- mont. V. Ann 7 , born February 25, 1817; drowned in a small brook, quite near the house, September 10, 1819. VI. Thomas Tuttle 7 , born October 26, 1820; died October 27, 1822. 41 VII. Andrew 7 , born August 28, 1823 ; married Eliza Ann Adams of Hollis, New Hampshire. VIII. Edwin 7 , born July 21, 1830; died August 8, 1831. 22. NATHANIEL 6 (Ephraim^, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach*), born March 21, 1784; married by Reverend E. 86 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Ripley, February 22, 1810, Rebecca, daughter of Nathan and Abigail Stowe of Concord, born May 22, 1783 ; died February 28, 1873. He died February 10, 1874, at Acton; a farmer and leading citizen. CHILDREN. I. Nathan Stowe 7 , born December 13, 1810; died December 14, 1831. II. Rebecca 7 , born March 7, 1812; died June 28, 1836. III. Mary 7 , born April 19, 1814; died March 24, 1816. IV. Nathaniel 7 , born March 5, 1816 ; taught school in early man- hood ; went to California, 1849 ; returned to the farm at Acton and was for many years one of the "selectmen," a prominent and much esteemed citizen. Driving with his uncle, Benjamin Franklin, was struck by a train on the Fitchburg Railroad at Hapgood's Crossing in West Acton, and both were instantly killed, March 17, 1864. He was unmarried. 42 V. Cyrus 7 , born July 16, 1818, at Acton; married, January i8 1842, Eleanor Wheeler. 43 VI. Joseph 7 , born May 26, 1821; married, August 11, 1847, Almira Jane Holmes. VII. Mary 7 , born May 26, 1821, twin with Joseph, with whom she resides in California ; unmarried. 23. SiMON 6 (Ephraim*, Epkraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel 2 , Shad- rach 1 ), born January 2, 1788; married, February 26, 1817, Mary Frazier of Athol, born December 25, 1791 ; died April 26, 1873. He died December 21, 1874, at Acton. An excellent farmer, and respected citizen. CHILDREN. I. Mary 7 , born April 9, 1818; died March 15, 1822. II. Simon 7 , Jr., born January 19, 1823; married, February 27, 1853, Mrs. Abby (Howard) Willis of Warwick, Massa- chusetts, born January 25, 1821. Had adopted son, Oscar Duane, son of Wellington Fisk, born May 17, SIXTH GENERATION. 87 1859, at New Salem, Massachusetts; adopted March 2, 1861, and resides at Orange, Massachusetts; a machinist; unmarried. III. Nathan Frazier 7 , born May 4, 1825; married, July 4, 1862, Mrs. Mary (Temple) McCollom of Acton, born March 14, 1828. CHILDREN. I. Flora Lamira 8 , born March 30, 1863, at Ashby; unmarried. II. Lula Viola 8 , born March 11, 1866, at Ashby; unmarried. IV. Lucy 7 , born July 22, 1827, at Acton; unmarried. V. Benjamin 7 , born November 27, 1833, at Acton, where he resides ; unmarried ; a farmer. 24. JOHN 6 (EpJiraim*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shad- rack 1 }, born February 10, 1802 ; married, April 20, 1826, Mary Ann, daughter of Nathan Davis and Rebecca (Ball) Hosmer of Acton, born June i, 1808; died April 13, 1890. He resided in Fitchburg, where most of his children were born; removed to Acton, where he died January 15, 1867. An industrious, frugal, well-to-do farmer. CHILDREN. I. John 7 , born January 26, 1827, at Acton ; died September 16, 1842, at Fitchburg. II. Mary Ann 7 , born October 12, 1829, at Acton; died Novem- ber 27, 1829. III. David Wood 7 , born August 24, 1833; married, October n, 1861, Ann Maria Stockwell, born March 28, 1840, daughter of Ira and Maria 7 (Hapgood) Stockwell of Acton, granddaughter of Abel Stockwell of Chester- field, New Hampshire, and great granddaughter of Silas Stockwell from Barre to Chesterfield. He was educated in the public and private schools of Acton, and at Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, New Hampshire; prevented by illness from teaching, 1852; 88 HAPGOOD FAMILY. went to California, 1853, worked in the mines; with partially restored health, returned 1859; became inter- ested in Snow's Pathfinder and Railway Guide, pub- lished in Boston, which he edited nearly up to the time of his death, which occurred at Bricksburg, New Jersey, May u, 1869, whither he had gone for his health. He had fine musical talents, and his pleasant residence in Somerville, Massachusetts, was a resort for musical people. A man of strict integrity and unswerving honor. No children. IV. Maryette 7 , born April 27, 1836; died May 25, 1837. V. Clarissa 7 , better known as Clara, born January 15, 1839, at Fitchburg, Massachusetts. Her parents, John and Mary Ann (Hosmer) Hapgood removed to Acton in 1846, where Clara attended the public schools. Sub- sequently she was transferred to Pierce Academy at Middleboro', then to Appleton Academy, New Ipswich, New Hampshire, graduating from the advanced class in the State Normal School, at Framingham. She was a successful teacher, and after graduating taught in the High schools of the State, at Marlboro' and Danvers. January i, 1869, she married, at West Acton, Fred- erick Gushing Nash, born at Columbia, Maine, January 31, 1839. Soon after her marriage, Clara commenced the study of law, and in October, 1872, was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Judicial Court of Maine, being the first woman admitted to the bar in New England. Mr. Nash was graduated from Tufts College, 1863 ; admitted to the bar of Maine, 1866, where he practised till 1881, when he removed to Massachusetts, and was admitted to the bar, with office at Boston and residence at West Acton; much interested in education and the cause of temperance, an eminent lawyer, a good citi- zen, and highly esteemed. CHILD. 1. Frederick Hapgood 8 Nash, born January 3, 1874, in Portland, Maine, was graduated from Harvard, June 26, 1895, elected to the Phi-Beta-Kappa, the first eight in the class, April, 1894, entered the Boston University Law School, 1896, and the next year appointed instructor in contracts, and is a young man of great promise. SIXTH GENERATION. 89 VI. Henry 7 , born February 5, 1842; resided with his parents up to the time of the "little unpleasantness with the South," when he took up arms in defence of his Country's flag, by enlisting August 31, 1862, in Com- pany E, Sixth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers ; was in engagements at Ludlow Lawrence's Plantation, November 18, 1862, Joiners Ford on the Blackwater, December 12, 1862, Deserted house, January 30, 1863, Siege of Suffolk, April n, 1863. Served out his term of nine months, came home with his company, sick, and died November 25, 1863. Though cut down so young, he left to the world the legacy of a noble, upright and honorable character. VII. Luke 7 , born January 13, 1846, at Bolton, Massachusetts; married, June 30, 1886, at South Hanson, Georgiette Leavitt, born December 19, 1850, at Columbia, Maine, daughter of George and Mary Ann Leavitt. He remained on the farm with his parents till 1874, when he went to Boston and occupied a stall in Washington Market up to 1882. In 1886 he removed to Brockton and went into the grocery and provision business, which he is still prosecuting energetically. No children. VIII. Ephriam 7 , born October 22, (848, at Acton; married, April 15, 1875, at Waltham, Catherine Heleanor, daughter of Uriah and Mary Ann (Coolidge) Hadley, born Feb- ruary 13, 1852. He was graduated from Brown Uni- versity, Providence, Rhode Island, Class of 1874, studied Theology at Newton Theological Seminary, ordained a Baptist minister, October 21, 1875, at South Windham, Vermont; removed to Nebraska 1878, hav- ing been previously called to the pastorate of the Bap- tist church in Seward City. His next pastorate was in David City, Nebraska. He returned East and was settled over the church at South Hanson, Massachu- setts. He is now (1896) in the service of the Massa- chusetts Total Abstinence Society. CHILDREN. I. Marion Hadley 8 , born March 17, 1876, a graduate of the State Normal School, 1895, now a teacher. II. Ernest Granger 8 , born February 12, 1878, at South Windham; now fitting for college at Colby Academy, New London, New Hampshire. 90 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 25. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN** (Ephraim*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel", Skadrach 1 }, born November 3, 1805 ; married, September 1, 1833, Perciveranda Joy of Brattleboro', Vermont, born March 23, 1812 ; resided in West Acton, on the home- stead. The following appeared in the journals of the day : "Fatal accident on the Fitchburg Railroad: a wagon, containing two gentlemen, named Benjamin F. and Nathaniel Hapgood (his nephew), while crossing the track of the Fitchburg Railroad, at Hapgood's Crossing, in West Acton, this morning (March 17, 1864), was struck by the first inward passenger train from Fitchburg, and both of the men were instantly killed and the team demolished." His widow died in Hudson, Michigan, May 5, 1895, and was interred in her son's tomb, at West Acton. CHILDREN. I. Sarah Joy 7 , born July 21, 1834; died June 9, 1855, at Acton. II. Alonzo Franklin 7 , born December 8, 1835; died July 6, 1872, at Brattleboro. III. Hiram Joy 7 , born September 8, 1837; married, Novem- ber 22, 1871, Augusta Ann Parker, born at Westford, Massachusetts, August 18, 1847; educated in the public schools ; entered the store of his brother-in-law, Charles Robinson, in West Acton, and later went as clerk in the extensive miscellaneous goods store of James Tuttle & Company, South Acton. The firm name was changed to Tuttle, Jones & Wetherbee, but his valued services were retained and he was made purchasing agent for the house, which position he now holds. Held office of selectman five years, overseer of the poor, road surveyor, trustee of the library, and held other offices of honor and responsibility; a prompt, energetic, and reliable business man, worthy the generous confidence reposed in him. CHILDREN. I. Ida Augusta 8 , born June 16, 1875; was graduated from the Concord High and Training schools ; SIXTH GENERATION. 91 became a successful teacher in the graded schools, and now promoted to teacher in the Grammar School. II. Frank Elbridge 8 , born July 25, 1878; graduated from the Concord High School, now (1896) in Burdett's Business College, Boston. IV. Perciveranda 7 , born August 19, 1839; married, March 7, 1858, Charles Robinson, born at Newfane, Vermont, August 13, 1822. He died December 22, 1891, at West Somerville, and his widow, December 27, 1891. CHILDREN, all born in West Acton. 1. Lizzie Maria 8 Robinson, born August ir, 1859. 2. Charles Ellis 8 , born February 18, 1861 ; died October 31, 1862. 3. George 8 , born September 18, 1864. 4. Mabel Louise 8 , born October 14, 1871. 5. Edward Hollis 8 , born June 13, 1874. V. Marshall 7 , born August 8, 1841 ; married, February i, 1864, Emily M. Palmer, born June 30, 1845, a * Stamford, Connecticut, where he was killed by a railroad acci- dent, April ir, 1890. CHILDREN. I. Emily Jeannette 8 , born May 28, 1866; died July 28, 1876. II. Harriette Isabelle 8 , born May 9, 1869; married, September 26, 1889, Albert Owen, born in England. CHILDREN. 1. Hattie Marion 9 Owen, born August 12, 1890. 2. Annie Beatrice 9 , born September 26, 1893. VI. George 7 , born October 30, 1843; died June 21, 1890, at Hudson, Michigan ; unmarried. VII. Elvira 7 , born January 28, 1847 ; married, December 9, 1870, William C. Ames, born in Marlboro', Vermont, Sep- tember 17, 1849; resides in Hudson, Michigan; a farmer. No children. VIII. Emily 7 , born September 16, 1849; married, May 18, 1871, Albert E. Thurber, born February 16, 1843, at Guil- ford, Vermont; resides at Brattleboro', Vermont; a baker. 92 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. Minnie E. 8 Thurber, born December 14, 1875. 2. Rubie Evelyn 8 , born June 29, 1887. IX. Eugene 7 , born September 23, 1851, at Acton; went to Brattleboro' and worked for his uncle ; removed with his mother to Pella, Iowa, where she purchased a small farm which he and his brother George cultivated. They removed to Hudson, Michigan, where she bought land which her sons cultivated successfully. They bought more land and raised garden vegetables and small fruits for the town market, up to the death and their mother. George died, 1890, and Eugene inherited the property and continued the business; unmarried. 20. EPHRAIM 6 (Hezekiak 5 , Epkraim*, Hezekiak*, Nathaniel 2 , Skadrack 1 }, born January 3, 1785 ; removed with his father, 1797, from Stow, Massachusetts, to Waterford, Maine, where he resided and died, August 29, 1836; an extensive farmer; married, January 7, 1812, Fanny Willard, a native of Harvard, Massachusetts, born February 21, 1788, and died April 30, 1881. CHILDREN. I. Eliza Ann 7 , born July 23, 1813; married, October 26, 1835, at Waterford, Charles Asia Ford, born December 20, 1810, at Sumner, Maine, son of Charles and Rebecca (Fletcher) Ford. CHILDREN. 1. Charles Horace 8 Ford, born June 8, 1836, at Water- ford; resides at Portland, Maine, a painter; married, November 28, 1865, Henrietta Coleman Loring, born in Portland, January 5, 1845. 2. Acelia Emma 8 , born November 25, 1837; resides with her brother Charles, in Portland ; unmar- ried. 3. Oscar Rodolphus 8 , born June 22, 1840, at Water- ford; married, 1863, Minnie Cobb of Norway, SIXTH GENERATION. 93 Maine; was engineer in United States Navy, 1862. After the war he was in railroad service, and now in New York in mercantile business. No children. 4. Ella Frances 8 , born May 30, 1843, at Waterford; resided in Boston, Assistant Matron at Institu- tion for the Blind, and later held a position at Parker House ; unmarried. 5. Ada Augusta 8 , born September 29, 1846; married, September 28, 1875, at Melrose, Massachusetts, John M. Houdlett of Dresden, Maine ; resides in Charlestown, Massachusetts. 44 II. Sherman Willard 7 , born January 12, 1815, at Waterford; married, May 4, 1839, Abigail Fletcher of North Anson, Maine. III. Frances Willard 7 , born January 30, 1817, at Waterford; resides with her brother Sherman at North Anson ; unmarried. IV. Conant Brown 7 , born July 3, 1818; died December, 1838; a saddler at North Anson ; unmarried. 45 V. Charles C. 7 , born July 31, 1821 ; married, October 19, 1843, Salome Savage of Kingfield, Maine. VI. Nancy Longley 7 , born August 2, 1825 ; married March 10, 1844, at North Anson, Gustavus, son of Daniel and Olive Stewart, a lawyer at North Anson, born June 8, 1817; died August 28, 1853. She resided several years in Boston, and married second, November, 1867, William Weymouth, born September, 1825; died October i, 1885. She died January 7, 1892, and was interred at North Anson with her first husband. No children. 27. WiLLiAM 6 (HtzekiaJP) Epkraim*, Hesekia/i*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 ), baptized April 5, 1790; married, 1813, at Frye- burg, Maine, Mary Harnden of Wilmington, Massachusetts. He removed, with his father, from Waterford to East Frye- burg, 1810, where he died November 24, 1871 ; a large and 94 HAPGOOD FAMILY. prosperous farmer and prominent citizen. His widow died September 2, 1872. CHILDREN. 46 I. William 7 , Jr., born May 28, 1814; married, December 31, 1840, Maria McKay of Saccarappa, Maine. II. Maria 7 , born April 30, 1816, at Saco, Maine; married, 1842, Stephen L. Ladd. She died October 24, 1865, at East Fryeburg. CHILDREN. 1. Augustus Ladd, born 2. Charles T. Ladd, born III. Melinda 7 , born October 25, 1817, at East Fryeburg; married, 1837, Joshua H. Warren of East Fryeburg; farmer. CHILDREN. 1. Alonzo 8 B. Warren, born April 14, 1839, at Darien, Georgia; married, September 13, 1862, at Den- mark, Maine, Sarah Ann Harnden, born Febru- ary 26, 1841 ; she died July 9, 1873. Resides in Denmark ; a farmer. 2. Eldora 8 , born February 23, 1843, at Fryeburg; married, July 25, 1869, at Conway, New Hamp- shire, David P. Lord, born at Stowe, Maine, 1843. 3. Edwin Baker 8 , born February 14, 1847; married, October u, 1869, at Fryeburg, Ellen Rebecca Harnden, born in Fryeburg, April 18, 1852; resides in Fryeburg; a farmer. 4. Charlton Hynes 8 , born September 21, 1850; mar- ried, September 18, 1878, Sarah Jane Harnden, born November 22, 1859, a * Fryeburg. 5. William Byron 8 , born March 4, 1853, at Denmark; married, November 25, 1880, Cora Etta Harnden, born October n, 1860, at Fryeburg. 6. Adela Maria 8 , born December i, 1857; died Sep- tember 26, 1865. IV. Hezekiah 7 , born March 25, 1822; married , who soon died ; resided at Lowell, Massachusetts ; a barber and musician; died October 14, 1875. No children. V. Mahalah 7 , born April 18, 1824; married, 1845, Alfred Per- kins of Nashua, New Hampshire; a mechanic. She died July 4, 1855. SIXTH GENERATION. 95 CHILDREN. 1. Child, died young. 2. Child, died young. 3. Abby Jane 8 Perkins, born ; married Frank Piper; resided in Fitzwilliam, New Hampshire. VI. Mary 7 , born October 20, 1825; married, September, 1875, Samuel Sawyer; a farmer of West Bridgton, where she resides, his widow. VII. Malvina 7 , born April n, 1829; married, May, 1853, Richard Douglass; resided at West Bridgton. He died June 10, 1878; she died at Denmark, January 24, 1890. CHILDREN. 1. Herbert 8 Douglass, born August, 1854. 2. Carrie 8 , born April, 1856. 3. Fred 8 , born February, 1859. 4. Jessie 8 , born May, 1872. VIII. Martha 7 , born February 8, 1831 ; resides in Biddeford, Maine; unmarried. IX. Marilla 7 , born February 3, 1834; married, July 8, 1860, Leonard Abbott, son of Leonard K. and Dorcas L. (Abbott) Ingalls, born January 5, 1837 ; resides in Den- mark, Maine ; a merchant. CHILDREN. 1. Katie F. 8 Ingalls, born February i, 1862. 2. Lilly G. 8 , born January 19, 1864; married, Decem- ber 26, 1880, George A. Smith of Denmark. 28. SPROUT 6 (HezekiaJf, Ephraim*, Hesekiah*, Nathaniel, Shad- rach 1 }, born April 27, 1793 ; married, March 3, 1822, Betsey Sawin of Sudbury, Massachusetts, born April 9, 1797; died September 7, 1874. He was adjutant of the militia, 1832, on a commission for distributing surplus revenue ; postmaster ; nine years moderator ; served the town as her representative in the Legislature ; resided at Water- ford, keeping a store at the Flats, west side of Temple Hill ; 96 HAPGOOD FAMILY. was a large farmer and one of her most energetic and useful citizens. He died September 23, 1849, at Augusta, Maine. CHILDREN. I. Lyman Sawin 7 , born December 10, 1822, at Waterford, Maine; married, February II, 1850, Elizabeth Porter, daughter of Joseph Porter and Abigail (Baker) Smith, born at Boston, February 9, 1823, where she died March 18, 1868; no children. He died at Boston, March 27, 1896, of pneumonia. Among the press notices was the following : " He was a quiet man and highly esteemed by those who knew him well; was a representative in the Massachusetts General Court ; paymaster in the army; a number of years president of the Mercantile Savings Institution, and a prominent member of the Theodore Parker Society. He also held various offices in other institutions." II. Margarette Matilda 7 , born May 31, 1825; married, January 21, 1847, Enoch Clark Moody of Saco, Maine, born June 13, 1820; died May i, 1878, at Camden, Maine. She died September 24, 1884. CHILDREN. 1. Charles Henry 8 Moody, born November 22, 1847; died October 26 1862. 2. Lyman Hapgood 8 , born April 22, 1851 ; died Feb- ruary 18, 1852. 3. Frank H. 8 , born February 3, 1853 ; died September 27, 1854. 4. Mary Elizabeth 8 , born July 22, 1858; died June 6, 1867. 5. Frederick Clark 8 , born May 18, 1868, at Camden, Maine; removed to Boston, 1878, was a student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is a mechanical draughtsman ; and now resides in Philadelphia. III. Lydia Jane 7 , born May 16, 1827; married, April 19, 1846, Levi Howard, M. D., from Harvard, Massachusetts, born at Bolton, May 26, 1820; removed 1849 to Chelmsford, Massachusetts, where he had an exten- sive practice, and died January 23, 1885. His widow deceased April n, 1893. SIXTH GENERATION. 97 CHILDREN. 1. Sarah Elizabeth 8 Howard, born February 28, 1848, at Harvard; died September 17, 1849, at Chelmsford. 2. Jenny Lind 8 , born July 8, 1850; married, June 30, 1874, James H. Willoughby. 3. George Levi 8 , born December 18, 1852; died Jan- uary 29, 1875. 4. Mary 8 , born February 3, 1855 ; married, January 20, 1894, Elwyn H. Fowler. 5. Amasa 8 (M. D.), born April 20, 1857; married, May 21, 1878, Louisa C. Warner, born Octo- ber 16, 1858, at Chelmsford. 6. Edwin 8 , born May 18, 1861 ; was graduated from Harvard College. 7. John Galen 8 , born May 8, 1864; graduated from Boston Latin School ; student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology ; spent several years in Paris, France; married, August i, 1893, Mary Robertson Bradbury of New York, where he is a practising architect. IV. Frances Elizabeth 7 , born June 15, 1829; died December 13, 1887; unmarried. V. Ann Maria 7 , born September 14, 1831 ; died April 4, 1832, at Waterford, Oxford County, Maine. 47 VI. Andrew Sidney 7 , born (twin with Ann Maria) September 14, 1831 ; married, January 18, 1870, Annie Winter of Gloucester. VII. Antoinette Maria 7 , born December 8, 1834; resided at Chelmsford, Massachusetts, where she died July 4, 1897 ; unmarried. VIII. Helen Louise 7 , born February 24, 1837; died February 29, 1884; unmarried. 29. CAPTAIN THOMAS 6 (Hezekiah b , Ephraim*, Hezekiatf, Nathaniel*, Skadrach 1 ), born July 12, 1802 ; married, Decem- ber 2, 1830, Jane McWain, born at Putney, Vermont, March, 98 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1810 ; removed with his father, Hezekiah, to Fryeburg, 1810; went to Gorham, New Hampshire, 1846 ; returned to Water- ford, 1850; removed to Brasher Falls, 1856, and to Bangor, New York, 1857; back again to Waterford, 1859, where he died December 26, 1864, a farmer, miller and lumberman. His wife died at West Bangor, New York, February 17, 1859. CHILDREN. I. David Thomas 7 , born November 17, 1832; married, Octo- ber 23, 1856, Helen, daughter of Daniel and Alma (Gliddon) Stanard of Brasher Falls, Essex County, New York, born November 16, 1837; resided at Gree- ley, Colorado, where he died May 16, 1882. CHILDREN. T. Lillian Adaline 8 , born November 18, 1860; died February 17, 1864. II. Harry S. 8 , born December 4, 1866; died Septem- ber 9, 1867. II. Laura Jane 7 , born August 18, 1835; died December 31, 1845- III. Lura Adaline 7 , born July 21, 1838; married, March 9, 1859, at Malone, New York, Sylvanus Wait, son of Samuel and Mehitable Cobb of Norway, Maine ; removed to Durango, Colorado, where he died June 3, 1897. CHILDREN. 1. Elizabeth Jane 8 Cobb, born January 17, 1860, at Norway; married, at Conway, New Hampshire, Charles A. Pike of Portland, Maine; removed to Durango, Colorado. 2. Grace Wait 8 , born January 19, 1863, at Norway; resides in Durango, unmarried. 3. Charles Henry 8 , born at Waterford, Maine ; died in infancy. IV. Andrew Sprout 7 , born November n, 1841 ; educated in the public schools of Waterford ; worked for his father in the saw mill till 1861 ; enlisted in Company G, First regiment, Maine Volunteers (three months' men); reported at Washington for service ; performed guard duty till term expired; removed to California, 1862, HnDrew Sprout feapgood. SIXTH GENERATION. 99 and worked in a saw-mill two years ; went to Idaho and worked a placer gold mine for a year or more, then crossed the Plains, 1,600 miles, to Omaha on horse- back, 1865; returned to his native town, resumed his saw-mill and lumber business ; taught school one win- ter in Bangor, New York, and two in Waterford ; a man of strict integrity and temperate habits; chairman of the board of selectmen two years, and represented the town in the Legislature, 1895 ; married, July 7, 1870, at Lovell, Maine, Irene, daughter of Eben and Hannah (Barker) Willard, born December 14, 1844 died February 12, 1895; no children; he married second, August 9, 1896, at North Bridgton, Leiona Green, daughter of Horace W. and Ellen F. (Widbur) Willard of Waterford, born March 20, 1870. V. Charles Henry 7 , born Februarys, 1846; died January 12, 1867. 3O. EpHRAiM 6 (Olivet*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah 3 , Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born November 26, 1786; married, March 24, 1816, at Boston, Joanna Salmon, born in that place, January 26, 1798; died July 26, 1876, at Bethel, Maine, The proprietors of the town of Waterford, in order to encourage immigration, gave to a few of the first settlers, their lands. They also offered a premium of fifty acres of land to the first boy that should be born in the town and live to become of age. Ephraim Hapgood was the recipient of that bounty. He removed, February, 1830, to Bethel ; was an enterprising and prosperous farmer, prominent in town affairs. Died September 29, 1864. CHILDREN. I. Lucy Elizabeth 7 , born May 7, 1817, at Boston; married, January 11, 1838, at Bethel, John Bryant of Waterford, born May 2, 1808; removed to Cambridge, Massachu- setts, about 1840; performed police duty for several 100 HAPGOOD FAMILY. years, served as night watch at Boston & Albany Rail- road Station, six years, and died at Cambridge, Sep- tember 10, 1874; Mrs. Bryant removed with members of her family to Waltham, Massachusetts, July, 1883, where she now resides, his widow. CHILDREN. 1. Richard 8 Bryant, born September 5, 1839; died young. 2. Leon 8 , born August 6, 1843 ; died young. 3. Malinda 8 , born June 21, 1845. 4. Frank 8 , born December 23, 1851. 5. Elliott 8 , born November 8, 1853. 6. Martha 8 , born August 26, 1859; died October 9, 1860. 48 II. William Salmon 7 , born at Boston, June 17, 1819; married, March 23, 1843, Rebecca W. Mason of Gilead, Maine. 49 III. Oliver 7 , born February 13, 1822; married, September 20, 1848, Mary Jael Sanderson, born in Sweden, Maine, December 29, 1828. 50 IV. John Francis 7 , born September 9, 1824; married, April 25, 1851, Mary L. Young of Sherburn, New Hampshire. V. Martha Jane 7 , born September 4, 1829; died March 20, 1851. VI. Abigail Swan 7 , born February 16, 1832 ; died November 10, 1837- 51 VII. Richard 7 , born February 24, 1841, at Waterford; married Nellie G. Pike. 31. ARTEMAS 6 (Oliver 1 , Epkraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shad- rack 1 }, born June 14, 1789; married, January 16, 1814, at Waterford, Polly Haskill, born 1790, at Sweden, Maine, where he died December 7, 1865 ; a farmer. She died August 10, 1873. CHILDREN. I. Mary Ann 7 , born November 23, 1814; married, December 21, 1845, at Waterford, Eleazer, son of Eleazer and SIXTH GENERATION. 101 Jollie Hamlin, born September 4, 1811 ; died June 25, 1886. She died March 29, 1893. Had one child, died in infancy. 52 II. Artemas 7 , born September 2, 1816; married, September 17, 1848, at Sweden, Sarah Ann Parker. III. Calvin 7 , born September 3, 1818; married, December 23, 1874, widow Marr, who died at Sweden ; s. p. IV. Mary Jane 7 , born March 12, 1821 ; married, December 23, 1874, at Harrison, Joseph Adams, born at Stoneham, Maine, August 6, 1819; resides at North Bridgton, Maine. CHILDREN. 1. Ella Maria 8 Adams, born December 12, 1844, in Stoneham; married, June n, 1865, at Sewell, Harris Birney Kneeland, born at Sewell, July 9, 1840 ; resides at South Waterford. 2. Mary Ann 8 , born October 20, 1846, at Stoneham; died August, 1855. 3. Calvin Hapgood 8 , born April 13, 1848; married, January 22, 1875, Abbie Ellen 8 Hapgood, his second cousin, daughter of Joel 7 and Columbia (Wheeler) Hapgood, born at Portland, July 7, 1858; resides at South Waterford ; a farmer. 4. Frances Elizabeth 8 , born June 24, 1851, at Sweden ; married, June 2, 1866, at Portland, Elden Brown, born at Sweden, April 23, 1834; resides in Norway, Maine. 5. Daniel Townes 8 , born November 1 1, 1854, at Stone- ham; married, October 26, 1884, at Waterford, Ella F. Abbott, born March, 1861, at Fryeburg, Maine ; resides at Sweden ; a farmer. 6. Lemuel Goodwin 8 , born August 29, 1858, at Stone- ham ; resides at North Bridgton ; unmarried. 7. Joseph Nelson 8 , born January 9, 1860; married, November 8, 1887, Hattie Gertrude Flint, born May 21, 1868, at Bridgton; resides at North Bridgton, Maine. V. Eliza 7 , born February 12, 1824; died at Waterford, March 28, 1841. VI. Betsey 7 , born July 26, 1827 ; married, October 29, 1846, at Sweden, William Parker, born February 28, 1829, at Biddeford, Maine, and died at Waterford, May 10, 1892. She died at Waterford, January, 1894. 102 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. William Gardner 8 Parker, born August 7, 1850. 2. Emily J. 8 , born December 18, 1851 ; died July 5, 1882. 3. Charles 8 , born December u, 1853; died October 13, 1865. 4. Mary A. 8 , born January 17, 1856, at Bethel ; mar- ried, at Waterford, July 24, 1874, Frank T. Green, born in Portland, November 15, 1848; resides in Norway, Maine. 5. Flora E. 8 , born April 10, 1858; married, September 7, 1884, Elma A. Bacon of Norway. She died May 24, 1885. 6. John 8 , born January 28, 1860; died September i, 1862. 7. George 8 , born January 24, 1862, died May 6, 1863. 8. Malinda 8 , born September 12, 1863; died Septem- ber 26, 1865. 9. Adelbert E. 8 , born April 18, 1865 ; married, July 4, 1887. 10. Kate N. 8 , born March 4, 1868 ; married, February 21, 1885. 11. Ida M. 8 , born April 30, 1870; married, February 18, 1888, Charles E. Packard. VII. Lydia 7 , born March 29, 1831 ; died April 7, 1833. VIII. Maria 7 , born October 10, 1834. 32. OLIVER 6 (Oliver*, Ephraim*, Hezekiak*, Nathaniel 2 , Shad- rack 1 ), born December 30, 1794; married, January 30, 1826, at Sebago, Maine, Abigail Welch of Raymond, Maine, born November, 1803. He resided at Waterford, where all his children were born. During the war of 1812, he was employed by the Government in the Commissary department. At the age of twenty-five he had a severe attack of rheumatic fever, which greatly impaired the use of one leg, rendering SIXTH GENERATION. 103 him a cripple and unfitting him for active business during the remainder of his life. He died at Waterford, August 22, 1851, and his widow died at the residence of her daughter, Mrs. Lewis, at Portland, July 14, 1890. CHILDREN. 53 I. Joel 7 , born August 23, 1827; married Columbia Wheeler. II. Lucy 7 , born September 27, 1829; died March I, 1833. III. Abigail 7 , born July 19, 1831; married, December i, 1851, at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Albion G. Lewis, born at Hiram, Maine, September 7, 1826; died at Portland, February 20, 1881. No children. IV. Rebecca Nourse 7 , born June 29, 1833 ; married, June 8, 1863, at South Dedham, Massachusetts, Cloyes W. Gleason, M. D., born May 13, 1821; removed, 1865, to Phila- delphia, Pennsylvania, where he has since resided, enjoying a large practice. He is the author of a valu- able book, entitled ** Everybody's own Physician ; or, How to Acquire and Preserve Health." No children. V. Lucy 7 , born August 23, 1835; died February 14, 1836. VI. Joanna 7 , born January 29, 1837; married, May 8, 1857, at Bridgton, Lendoll S. Brackett, born in Naples, Maine, August 20, 1831, where he resides; a farmer and. lumberman. CHILDREN. 1. Melville S. 8 Brackett, born November 30, 1858; married, December 27, 1891, Minerva Moins of Otisfield; resides in Naples. 2. Dana L. 8 , born October 14, 1862; married, Novem- ber 30, 1891, at Portland, Mary Davis of Boston; resides in Portland. 3. Lillie G. 8 , born January 20, 1866; married, January l, 1887, Herbert A. Edwards of Bethel; resides in Portland. 4. Cora M. 8 , born January 12, 1870; resides in Naples. VII. Oliver 7 , Jr., born September 11, 1839; died September II, 1845- VIII. Sarah 7 , born April 28, 1842; died April 26, 1885, at Port- land, Maine. 104 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 33. CoRNELius 6 (Jonathan 6 , Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born October 13, 1789; married, March i, 1819, at Moira, New York, Betsey, daughter of Cyril Hutchins, born March 6, 1794; died December 16, 1858, and he mar- ried second, March 23, 1859, at Malone, New York, the widow, Maria (Chapin) King, daughter of John King, born in New Hampshire, April 8, 1800; died September 21, 1870, at Westville, New York; he died September u, 1874, at Malone ; a thrifty farmer. CHILDREN, all by first wife. I. Sarah 7 , born June i, 1820, at Constable, New York; mar- ried Jefferson Smith. CHILDREN. 1. Byron 8 Smith, born . 2. Elizabeth 8 , born ; resided in Boston, where she died January 19, 1891. 3. Clara 8 , born ; married George Adams, and resided in West Groton, Massachusetts. 4. Millard 8 , born . . II. Jonathan 7 , born November i, 1821, at Moira; married, October u, 1849, at Malone, Lucy M. Hogel, born in Canada, October 17, 1824; resides in Cherubusco, New York; a farmer; no children. III. Mary 7 , born March 19, 1824, at Constable; died young. 54 IV. Cyril William 7 , born March 9, 1825; married, May 9, 1851, Adaline Leigh. V. Dimis 7 , born January 16, 1827; married, June i, 1848, Joel C. Taylor of Malone, born July 16, 1824. CHILDREN. 1. Jeanette 8 Taylor, born June 10, 1849, at Boston, Massachusetts; married, July I, 1875, Henry DeWitt. 2. Herbert 8 , born June 8, 1850, at Constable ; married, March 26, 1871, Christina Bean. 3. Guy 8 , born January 22, 1858. SIXTH GENERATION. 105 4. Alice 8 , born February 16, 1862; married, Decem- ber 25, 1889, Leslie Spencer; resides in Malone ; a farmer. VI. Marilla 7 , born December 29, 1828; married William Miller. CHILD. 1. Kilburn* Miller, born ; resides in Hague, Warren County, New York. VII. Guy 7 , born December 20, 1829, at Constable; died Decem- ber 21, 1871, at Malone; a farmer; unmarried. VIII. Betsey 7 , born July 15, 1831; died November 15, 1845. 55 IX. Wesley 7 , born July 3, 1835; married, July 3, 1859, Delia Earle. X. Allen 7 , born January 5, 1839; married, April 15, 1861, Charlotte Hutchins, and died December 3, 1890, at Malone ; a farmer. 34. AMOS S (Jonathan*, Ephraim*, Nathaniel*, Nathaniel*, Shad- rach 1 ), born 1799; married, February 25, 1821, Harriet S., daughter of Lemuel Holmes of Malone, born 1801. She died January 29, 1866, and he married second, Mrs. Aldrich Bunker, born 1825 ; died August, 1892. He died at Malone, May 2, 1875, in his seventy-sixth year. CHILDREN, all born in Malone. I. Edwin Cornelius 7 , born January i, 1822; died May 5, 1828. II. Caroline Celia 7 , born August 24, 1823; married, October 12, 1841, Oren James Ward, born in Vermont, July 21, 1820; settled in New York; removed to Rockford, Illinois, October, 1852; sold out in 1854; purchased 160 acres and later added 80 more in Iowa, and occupied the same September 5, 1854. His wife being feeble, he took her for a tour through Southern Iowa, Missouri and Kansas, spending July 4, 1871, at Arkan- sas City, Kansas. In March, 1872, he purchased what is now the town site of Genda Springs, Kansas, where he permanently located. His wife died there May 4, 106 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1874, and he calls that his home, though much of his time is spent with his children. CHILDREN. 1. Helen E. Asenath 8 Ward, born February 27, 1844, at Malone ; married, March 22, 1865, at Bethel, Iowa, John J. Broadbent, born in England, October 5, 1839; removed to Genda Springs, 1871, and in 1893 to Rock Falls, Oklahoma, their present residence. 2. Royal Leroy 8 , born March 16, 1847, at Lawrence, New York; married, April 18, 1878, Eva High- land, born April 15, 1853, at Puma; resides in Kansas ; the owner of several large farms, one especially devoted to fruit growing, which has proved successful. 3. Silas Lemuel 8 , born February 16, 1849, at Law- rence; married, October 7, 1879, at Princeton, Missouri, Angie Carter, born March 14, 1850; resides in Kansas ; a hotel proprietor. 4. Henry Oren 8 , born August 13, 1851 ; married, October 21, 1879, at Ness Centre, Kansas, Claro Gully; resides at Wichita, Kansas; a retail merchant. In 1886 he was locating agent at Syracuse, Hamilton County, Kansas. One fine, clear morning he took a couple of friends out to view the surrounding country. At about 10 o'clock a heavy, black cloud suddenly gathered, and in twenty minutes a thick mist with fine rain and snow burst upon them with such fury as to blind the horses and men so as to prevent a movement in any direction. The cold became intense, and the storm continued forty-eight hours. During the next two days, January 7th and 8th, eleven dead bodies were brought into that little town, victims of the blizzard. Henry escaped with his life, but lost both feet, while both his companions were frozen to death He died at Fort Smith, Texas, March 18, 1895. 5. Chester Orson 8 , born December 9, 1852, at Rock- ford, Illinois ; married, July 26, 1887, at McPher- son, Kansas, Mary Skinner of Illinois, born September 7, 1865; resides in Oklahoma Terri- tory; a blacksmith. SIXTH GENERATION. 107 6. Amos Pierce 8 , born March 3, 1855, at Bethel, Iowa; married, February 10, 1882, at McPherson, Kansas, Huldah Munyon, born February 10, 1863; resides in Cares Grandes, Mexico. 7. Harriet Celia 8 , born June 14, 1858, at Bethel, Iowa; married, February 7, 1886, at Genda, Kansas, James E. Lobdell of New York, born March 30, 1856; resides in Portland, Sumner County, Kansas ; a blacksmith. 8. Herbert Howard 8 , born April 7, 1860, at Bethel; married, March 30, 1884, Lizzie Echternach, born in Reading, Pennsylvania, 1862; resides in Oklahoma Territory. 9. Linda Sophia 8 , born March 9, 1862; died August 29, 1863. 10. Llewellyn Orcutt 8 , born August 23, 1865; resides in Mexico. III. Harriet Asenath 7 , born January 23, 1826; married, Febru- ary i, 1848, Henry W. Hobbs; resided in Ellenburgh Centre, Clinton County, New York. No children. She resides in Star, Clinton County, New York. IV. A daughter 7 , born April 18, 1828; died May I, 1828. V. Abigail 7 , born March 17, 1829; died December 7, 1829. VI. Austin A. 7 , born September 25, 1830; died February 20, 1855. VII. Ruth Amelia 7 , born May 18, 1833; died May 22, 1851. 56 VIII. Lemuel Bicknell 7 , born March 5, 1836; married, Septem- ber 13, 1863, Sarah Goodwin Clark. IX. Howard 7 , born September 30, 1839; married, September n, 1862, Caroline, daughter of Jason Hutchins of Con- stable, New York ; enlisted with his brother, Lemuel, in Company D, I42d regiment, New York Volunteers, in War of Rebellion, and was killed at battle of Drurys Bluff, May 10, 1864. No children. X. Mary Caroline 7 , born May 22, 1841, at Malone; married, March 14, 1866, at Bangor, New York, Ezra J. Car- penter, born November 19, 1841, at Hinesburg, Ver- mont ; settled in Constable ; a large real estate owner. Enlisted August 23, 1864, in Company C, Third regi- ment Cavalry, New York Volunteers, and was mustered out June 7, 1865. He engaged in mercantile business at Whippleville, and in 1893 removed his family thither 108 HAPGOOD FAMILY. and continued the general merchandise business in company with his son, Frank Lemuel, under firm name of E. J. Carpenter & Son, and they recently opened another store at Owls Head, New York. CHILDREN. 1. Henry Amos 8 Carpenter, born January 26, 1867, at Constable; married, November 29, 1893, at Tacoma, Washington, Lelia May Carpenter ; resides in New York City ; a railroad contractor. 2. Fred Wesley 8 , born November 9, 1868, at North Yakima, Washington ; married there, July 3, 1890, his third cousin, Emma Carpenter; resides at Yakima ; a farmer. 3. Frank Lemuel 8 , born October 16, 1870; married, July 29, 1896, Fannie Benedict of Ottawa, Canada; resides in Whippleville ; in general merchandise business with his father. 4. Ada Blanche 8 , born December 17, 1872; resides with her parents. 5. Albert Ezra 8 , born December 7, 1874, at Con- stable ; a farmer. 6. Oren Howard 8 , born March 13, 1877, at Constable. 7. Caroline Elizabeth 8 , born August 20, 1878; resides with her parents at Whippleville. 8. Wilber Austin 8 , born April 10, 1885, at Constable ; resides in Whippleville, attending school. XI. Mindwell 7 , born January 3, 1844; died August 28, 1870. XII. Samuel Marsh 7 , born February 10, 1847; married, January i, 1874, at Fort Covington, Lucinda Manson; resides in Belmont ; a farmer. CHILDREN, all born at Malone. I. Anna Adaline 8 , born October 21, 1874; married, September i, 1894, Fred McGowan. II. Amos Austin 8 , born August 27, 1876. III. James Manson 8 , born June 19, 1878. 35. JOHN 6 (John*, Shadrach*, Skadrach*, Nathaniel 2 , Skadrach 1 }, born March 18, 1807 ; settled on the Patterson farm and lands SIXTH GENERATION. 109 taken from the original homestead of the Hapgoods adjoin- ing, and was quite a prominent citizen, having filled various important offices. He inherited and accumulated a handsome property, which was judiciously invested for the benefit of his family. He married in Harvard, September 27, 1829, Mary Ann, daughter of Joseph and Polly (Blanchard) Munroe, born February 26, 1810. She was an excellent housewife, but about 1838, was attacked by a disease, probably rheumatism, which caused her joints to swell and ossify to such extent as to deprive her of locomotion, but by the assistance of others, she was moved from one part of the house to another, direct- ing with singular precision the affairs of her household, mani- festing great patience and cheerfulness under severe trials. The malady baffled all medical skill, increasing from year to year for nearly thirty years, when the heart of that loving soul and sweet disposition ceased to beat, on the eleventh day of March, 1868. By the aid of his daughters and son-in- law, the business of the farm moved steadily forward ; a large house and barn were erected, the families were united and harmonious, and the last years of John's life were crowned with deserved joy and happiness. During all those thirty long years of anxiety for his suffering companion he was gentle, kind, patient, and attentive to every want, and on the 1 6th of February, 1886, went to his reward. CHILDREN. I. Mary Ann 7 , born May 7, 1838; married, January 10, 1861, Charles Corey Maynard, born at Cambridge, Massa- chusetts, December 2, 1836. The condition of her mother's health was such as to require the presence of the young couple, and they settled with her father on the homestead which he had created. He is a quiet, intelligent, kind-hearted man, with a disposition that would make friends anywhere ; generous, faithful and 110 HAPGOOD FAMILY. attentive to the affairs of town, church, or neighbor- hood, and withal an industrious and prosperous farmer, worthy of the homestead of which he is now proprietor. CHILD. 1. John Edward 8 Maynard, born March 17, 1865; educated at the public schools and Bromfield Academy ; studied civil engineering, which voca- tion he desired to fit himself for and follow, but, being an only child, the loving hearts of his parents clung to him with such tenacity as to dis- suade him from his purpose. He taught school successfully for several years ; established a greenhouse, and became a florist; is a land sur- veyor; served on the School Board nine years, and is the able assistant to his father on the large farm. In 1897 he built a house on the opposite side of the road from his father, and on the 5th of January, 1898, married Elizabeth May, daughter of Henry Hartshorn of Harvard, born May i, 1868, and they are now happy in the new home. II. Clara Charlotte 7 , born August 13, 1851 ; has always resided with her parents and sister on the homestead ; promi- nent in all charitable duties ; active in the Unitarian Sunday School and other church and charitable work, and is a fine assistant in the household affairs, in which she excels ; unmarried. 36. Henry 6 (Jabes?, Shadrach*, Shadrach*, Nathaniel 2 , Shad- rack 1 }, born January 2, 1808. Was educated at the public school in " Old Mill" ; remained with his parents on the farm during his minority; married, May 8, 1839, Ann Matilda Estabrook, born in Shirley, December 23, 1821 ; purchased the farm adjoining his father's, including the "Old Mill" built by John Prescott, 1669, then a part of Groton, and after 3-onatban ffairbanfe 1bapc?oo>. SIXTH GENERATION. Ill being incorporated in the town of Harvard, 1732, the north- erly part of that town was known as "Old Mill." He was a quiet, industrious, patient man, bearing all the misfor- tunes of life bravely, but as his wife became a confirmed invalid, he could not carry on the business of the farm and the mill, and after many years of struggle, he concluded to dispose of his property there and remove to Ayer (then South Groton), to take charge of a large grist mill. He continued this business, under somewhat discouraging circumstances, up to the time of his death, April i, 1879. His wife never recovered her health, and died at Ayer, July 1 1, 1888. CHILDREN. I. Charles Henry 7 , born October 7, 1840, at Old Mill, Har- vard. Educated in the public schools there ; learned the baker's trade, at Groton; worked at Clinton some years before the war; enlisted for three years in Com- pany C, Fifteenth regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, Infantry ; severely wounded in the right shoulder, placed on invalid corps, remained to end of term ; mustered out, returned to Clinton, and worked at his trade. Resides in Worcester, unmarried. II. Augusta Angelina Porter 7 , born September 22, 1843. Her mother being too ill to give proper training and in- struction to the child, she was placed in the hands of her maternal grandparents in Shirley, where she was educated. In 1864, her mother being still feeble, she was summoned home, where she remained, faithfully performing her duty as companion, housekeeper, and nurse, to the end. She resides in Ayer, unmarried. 37. JONATHAN FAIRBANKS (Joel*, Shadrach*, Shadrach*, Nathan- ier~, Shadrach 1 }, born January 15, 1814; spent his minority on the farm with his father ; received such education as the 112 HAPGOOD FAMILY. district schools of that day afforded, and established for him- self a high character for industry, energy, and fidelity. After attaining his majority, he worked in several towns, among them Ashburnham, in a tannery. While engaged here, he married and took his young bride to his home, in 1839. February 28, 1842, he was left a widower with an infant child, who was kindly cared for by his maternal grandmother in Harvard, where he was born. April 9, 1843, he married his second wife ; returned to Harvard in 1844, purchased the Robbins farm in the northwesterly part of the town, and turned his attention to farming. This, however, did not prove as lucrative as he had anticipated, and the California gold fever, that led away so many of our best young men in 1 849, carried him also. Placing the farm, with his wife and three small children, in the care of his brother Warren, he, with others, took passage, December 7, 1849, on board the ship " Marcia Cleves " for San Francisco, via Cape Horn, to seek a fortune in that auriferous region. When the tedious six months' voyage was ended, a " sea of troubles " still environed the fortune hunters. No framed houses had at that time been erected in San Francisco, which to-day is the finest built city on the Pacific coast ; thousands of miners from all parts of the world were rushing in the wildest con- fusion for the mines ; Jonathan and his companions were among them. He remained, working in the mines about two years with moderate success, returning in November, 1851, for his family. From this project he was, however, diverted ; his father, then about sixty-four, felt the necessity of secur- ing some one to take charge of the farm, and himself, then growing feeble, he offered it to him on condition that he should during his lifetime, and that of his wife, receive one SIXTH GENERATION. 113 half the products of the farm. This was accepted and faith- fully performed to the end. Jonathan had inherited from his ancestry dating back in this country on the paternal side to 1656, and on the maternal side to 1633 not a large, but well knit, muscular, wiry frame that seemed never to become weary. Probably no man of his age and weight (about 157 pounds) in that town had ever performed more hard labor than he. In 1854 he built the large barn, and from time to time greatly improved the farm. He was blessed with twelve children, and the half income of the farm being inadequate to their support, the deficit was supplied by his indomitable energy, lumbering in winter, and doing outside work with his team at other seasons. Nor was he deficient in mental vigor ; a genial, social companion of considerable vivacity, quick at repartee, a good neighbor, true as steel and as trenchant, and thoroughly imbued with that stern integrity so characteristic of the Pilgrim Fathers. His principal amusements were with rod and gun, and he was justly counted one of the best shots in Worcester County. He was also an expert pickerel fish- erman. He was fond of music, and many a social party was indebted to his violin and sonorous prompting for their evening's amusement. Still vigorous and active at sixty-two, he was planning new enterprises and improvements on the farm. Late in the autumn of 1875, he began to feel some derange- ment of the stomach and digestive organs ; along into winter he experienced some difficulty of breathing, grew weaker, food was rejected, as in dyspepsia ; said he had a " lump " in his stomach ; as spring approached he was unable to work, and the farm was carried on by other hands. He could retain 114 HAPGOOD FAMILY. no food upon his stomach, and what nourishment he obtained at last was by absorption. He died August 29, 1876. An autopsy disclosed an indurated cancer in the pyloris, which entirely closed that canal, so that no food could pass from the stomach to the intestines, and death ensued from abso- lute starvation. Not so painful at first, but seriously dis- tressing at last ; and yet he was beautifully calm, brave and uncomplaining, retaining his mental faculties up to within a few moments of the end. He married, first, December 25, 1839, Susan, daughter of Charles and Susan (Randall) Wetherbee of Harvard, born November 26, 1822. She died February 28, 1842. He married, second, in Ashburnham, April 9, 1843, Dolly Mosman, born in Westminster, September 29, 1822; died at the house of her daughter, Susan (Hapgood) Leonard, in Marlboro', Massachusetts, January 4, 1894. Interment at Harvard. CHILDREN. 57 I. Alfred Warren 7 (by first marriage), born November 17, 1841 ; married, at Harvard, March 3, 1861, Eliza Rebecca Davis. II. Susan Wetherbee 7 (by second marriage), born December 31, 1845, at Harvard; married, July 10, 1872, John Hiram, son of Hiram and Hannah (Drake) Leonard, born April 23, 1831, at Stoughton, Massachusetts; educated there in the public schools ; graduated from Bridgewater academy, 1847; learned the painter's trade in Stoughton ; carried on the business in several towns up to the breaking out of the War of Rebellion ; enlisted, September 14, 1861, in Company I, First regiment, Massachusetts Cavalry Volunteers, for three years; served out his term, and was mustered out in front of Petersburg, Virginia; returned home and worked three years in the Navy Yard at Charlestown ; followed painting in Hudson, Ayer, Leominster and Marlboro', where he now resides, receiving a small pension from the government; no children. SIXTH GENERATION. 115 III. Hiram Fairbank 7 , born January 31, 1848 ; drowned, together with Albert and John Oscar Rand, while skating on "Old Mill "pond, Harvard, November 21, 1861. IV. Theodore Goldsmith 7 , born February 25, 1850; died April 17, 1851. V. Sarah Mosman 7 , born October 10, 1852; died July 9, 1870, of consumption. VI. Mary Elizabeth 7 , born December 26, 1853; died June 10, 1869, of typhoid fever. 58 VII. Jonathan Gardner 7 , born in Harvard, February 10, 1855; married, December 23, 1877, Mary Adaline Barnard. VIII. Hannah Gamage 7 , born November 4, 1856; married, Sep- tember 25, 1879, Frederick Alonzo, son of Francis L. and Susan A. Joslin, born in Leominster, August 14, 1855; educated in the common schools; learned the trade of shoemaking of Isaac Smith, with whom he lived for eleven years after the death of his father, in 1860; became an expert shoe and shirt cutter; now employed by the G. A. Gane Shirt Company in Leominster; an upright, industrious, reliable man; built a house on Oak avenue, Leominster, 1895, where he resides, much respected. CHILD. 1. Theodore Goldsmith 8 Joslin, born February 20, 1890. IX. Ella Maria 7 , born February 1 1, 1858 ; lived with her parents till September 4, 1876, when she resided with her uncle Warren, in Boston ; attended school for three years; learned dressmaking, and in October, 1882, removed to Leominster with the intention of pursuing that business, but her health requiring more exercise, she felt obliged to abandon that occupation, and on the 1 2th of December, 1883, entered the employ of F. A. Whitney & Company, as trimmer in their large baby- carriage factory in Leominster. She became interested in the Orthodox Congregational church, to which she was united November 6, 1887, becoming an active, use- ful co-worker in that organization. Having a taste for music, she learned to play the guitar, and often joined a troupe to entertain an audience. She remained in the trimming department of the factory up to the time 116 HAPGOOD FAMILY. of her marriage to Fred Austin Spring, April 26, 1893 ; resides in Leominster; a mason by trade. CHILD. 1. Warren Hapgood 8 Spring, born June 19, 1895. 59 X. Charles Butler 7 , born August 21, 1859; married, August 25, 1880, Frances Augusta Foster of Harvard. XI. Theodore Goldsmith 7 , born October 18, 1860; died March 10, 1883, at Duane, Adirondacks, New York. The following obituary appeared in the Clinton Courant of April 14, 1883, which we reproduce in full, as giving a better account of his life than we could give to-day. IN MEMORIAM. " The subject of this notice, Theodore Goldsmith Hapgood, was born in the old Hapgood mansion, at Harvard, Massachusetts, on the i8th of October, 1860. Up to the age of ten he had lived with his parents on the farm, attending the district school and making such progress as boys of his age usually make. His uncle, Warren Hapgood of Boston, believed young Theodore better adapted to some other field of activity than farming, and proposed to his father, the late Jonathan F. Hapgood, to take the boy and educate him either for mercantile or professional life. After much misgiving the proposition was accepted, and on September 7, 1871, he bade adieu to his native hills and took up his abode with his uncle. The training in a village school is somewhat different from a city, and in some respects he was hardly up in his studies to enter a grammar school, but through the kindness of Master Page and a pledge from his uncle that he should keep abreast with his class, he was, September u, admitted to the Dwight grammar school. He was now nearly eleven years of age, a gentle, timid, delicate boy, as innocent and unsophisticated as could be imagined, but full of kindness of heart, sweetness of disposition, and a determination to do his whole duty, unflinchingly and without complaint. He was what would be called a thoroughly good boy. Seven years were most agreeably spent in the Dwight school where, by his great industry, patiently toiling through his home lessons and obtaining a double promotion, he graduated, receiving his diploma July 2, 1877. In point of scholarship he was not the highest, nor was he ever numer- ically below the middle of his class, and sometimes he was "head boy." During the whole time he was in school he lost not a day by sickness nor was he absent but a single day, and that to attend the funeral of his honored father, September i, 1876; and what is more remarkable and greatly to his credit, we do not recall a single instance of a "tardy." It is a great thing to train a boy to regular habits, because it is of incal- culable service to him in after life. The report of his teacher was usually " conduct excellent." As several of his fellow graduates from the grammar school had decided to enter the Roxbury high school he concluded to join them, and entered September, 1877. For two years SbeoDore (Sol&smitb t>apciooD. SIXTH GENERATION. 117 the same habits of industry and punctuality that had carried him suc- cessfully through the grammar school won for him the love of his teachers and the respect of his classmates in the Roxbury high school. Military drill is one of the excellent auxiliaries to the Boston system of high-school education. Theodore was fond of this kind of exercise, becoming quite efficient in tactics, even competing for the individual prize. Company A, Roxbury high school, to which he belonged, won the first prize both years, at the prize drill at Boston Theatre. He regarded the last year in the high school as more ornamental than useful, and as he was in the nineteenth year of his age, and as he had decided to adopt a mercantile rather than a professional field of duty, and, moreover, feeling that the time spent in a store, at his age, would be of more value to him than in a schoolhouse, he abandoned the last year of his course, and on September 23, 1879, entered a store, selecting the leather business as most congenial to his taste. During the winter of 1881-82 he attended an evening class in Comer's Commercial college. Late in February he took, in these rooms, a slight cold, and as the season advanced, instead of removing it he seemed to add more to it. It did not, however, cause serious alarm till early in April, when a physician was summoned, his lungs examined and found to be inflamed, but not necessarily dangerously so. He was always so patient, brave and uncomplaining that it was difficult to determine how seriously he was affected. As the cough became more aggravated, a trip to a more con- genial clime was suggested, and on May 3 he took passage on board steamer for Norfolk, visiting Baltimore, Washington and Richmond, without receiving the slightest benefit. His physician next recom- mended some hill country, and he was sent to his native town of Harvard. This was as signal a failure as the southern trip, and only seemed to provoke the cough, under the baleful influence of which, he was losing nearly half a pound in weight daily. Another examination of the lungs revealed the melancholy fact that his lungs were much inflamed, and that he was in a very critical condition. As a last resort his physician now advised his being sent to the Adirondack woods, hoping that the fir-impregnated atmosphere of that elevated region would heal the lungs and restore him to health. Fortu- nately a consumptive man who owned a camp and had lived on Lake Meacham one of the most beautiful lakes in the world was found, and he kindly undertook to carry the patient thither and to take care of him and administer to his wants. On July 11 they set out upon their tedious journey, and two days later the weary pilgrims arrived in camp. The " Lake Meacham Hotel," admirably kept by A. R. Fuller, was hard by the camp, and here they were to get their meals. The atmosphere here, at an elevation of 1,600 feet above sea level, is very pure, and our patient improved slightly, giving promise of ultimate victory. But this insiduous disease, phthisis, feels not the throbbing heart of relative or friend, and is ever ready to deceive. The patient gained two pounds in weight in a short time, and the night sweats nearly ceased. All this, however, was before winter set in. As the Lake Meacham House was to be closed for the winter, the patient was removed to the well-kept hotel of William J. Ayres, at Duane, ten miles from Meacham and fifteen from Malone. Relays of fruit and game were sent to him and every care taken of his physical comfort. The most hopeful symptom in the case was, that he ate and slept well. He 118 HAPGOOD FAMILY. struggled on bravely and cheerfully through the winter, never losing heart, and probably never for a moment doubting that he should win and come out a healthy man. But, despite all efforts to the contrary, he gradually failed as the spring approached. His last letter, dated March 4, represented him as walking with some difficulty, but still it was cheer- ful in tone. A telegram on the afternoon of March 10, announced the sad intelligence of his death at 10.20 A. M. of that day. The body was expressed to Ayer,and the funeral obsequies held on Thursday, March 15, from Unitarian church in Harvard, and the remains were deposited in the family lot, where also repose the ashes of his father, brothers and sisters. Of his character, it hardly becomes us, who have for twelve years been constantly with him and watched over his education and development, to speak, and yet we can not refrain from expressing our appreciation of his uniform courtesy, kindness and gentleness of temper, his affec- tionate and unselfish disposition and readiness to do a favor for others. The advice of Wolsey to Cromwell, " Be just and fear not," seemed to find a home in his heart. He was one of those rare specimens of a boy who did not think the world all made for him. Nothing seemed to give him greater pleasure than to show attention and respect to elderly peo- ple, often going out of his way and sacrificing a delightful hour with young people, to do them a kindness. He was in no sense a fast young man, was strictly temperate in all his habits, never, to our knowledge, using tobacco or spirituous liquors except as a medicine in his last sickness in any form. In his youth he was feeble and small of his age, but as he advanced in years he became more robust and hardy, and at the age of twenty was but little below medium size. Quite as much care had been bestowed upon his physical as his mental development, particularly during his grammar school period. He became early attached to the Reverend Doctor Edward Everett Hale's Sunday school and society, was baptized by him on Easter Sunday, April 5th, 1874, was deeply interested in the Sunday school, especially while in Mr. Hale's own class, where he was much beloved by his teacher. At the risk of wearying the reader, we make the following extract from a letter received from a very intelligent gentleman, who was for several years his teacher in a more advanced class in the Sunday school: " In running back over my memory of our being together in the Sunday school, I have only one thought of him, a manly, true-hearted young man ; his bearing in the class was as nearly perfect as it was possible to be, setting a high tone and example to the others, always loyal, earnest and faithful in all he did, and helpful to me in everything. There were few in that large class of some thirty young people, who won my respect and affection more than he did. I had some earnest talks with him, and I knew that his aims were high, and that the standard he set for himself was one only to be reached by a truly religious consecration. But your devotion and faithful affection has had its reward in seeing so earnest, pure-minded and faithful a spirit taking on new graces day by day, as the years from childhood to youth passed on into his young manhood, giving such promise of usefulness, which now must have its fruition in another world." Faithful to every duty at home, in school, in the church, and particu- larly in his business, where he was as prompt and faithful as he had SIXTH GENERATION. 119 been in the other walks of life, his genial temperament and gentlemanly conduct brought around him warm friends and admirers. Does any one doubt that with these traits and tendencies, had he lived, he would have made for himself an honorable mark in the world would have left a reputation and a name any one might be justly proud of as a Boston merchant? We do not, but an All-wise Providence has seen fit to remove him just as he was upon the threshold of usefulness, and we are left to mourn his loss." BOSTON, March 3ist, 1883. H. XII. Martha Ann 7 , born May 23, 1862; died October 22, of the same year. 38. WARREN 6 (Joel*, Shadrach*, Shadrach 3 , Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born October 14, 1816. " Advantageously known as a merchant and a gentleman of liberal attainments and enviable social position, is properly the father of this genealogy. For he it was, who, impressed with the various uses it might subserve, and affectionately regardful of the benefit of the race, first conceived the enter- prise of snatching it from oblivion ; and it has been through his liberality alone that the labors of compilation have been sustained. This acknowledgment may satisfy him, but not his many obliged and ardent friends, nor the Hapgood race. All will be curious to know the minute history of a cousin who has placed them under such obligations. He was born in Harvard, upon the original Hapgood farm in that town. In childhood he was sprightly but not robust ; entered with zest into the sports of his playmates, but had no instinctive willingness for labor upon the farm. He was early sent to the district school, where he was marked for attention to his books, and rare proficiency in every branch of study which he pursued. In his youth he conceived a desire for a liberal education ; but instead of being sent to college he was placed in a store at Fitchburg, spring of 1834, where his employer soon failed, and he returned to the 120 HAPGOOD FAMILY. farm, for which the father fondly designed him. A youth, however, who had begun to yearn for college, would not be a farmer." His stepmother, a most excellent woman, with a kind and generous heart, and sound judgment, took in the situation, and used her best endeavor to have him released from the farm, so distasteful to him, and to place him in a more con- genial position, and one better suited to his capacity. Early in September, 1834, the way was opened for him to enter the large general merchandise store of Archibald Babcock, on Charlestown Neck. Goods purchased in Boston by mer- chants of New Hampshire and Vermont were transported thither by heavy six or eight-horse teams. Babcock kept a large stable and lodging rooms, and it became a rendezvous for these teams and the farmers who marketed their own produce. The teamsters often had orders to buy heavy articles, such as molasses, salt, etc., and much of that trade fell to this store. The introduction of the railroad system, soon after this period, ruined this business. Warren's salary for the first year was $2$ and board in the family of Mr. Babcock. He drew no money from his father, and at the end of the year had a balance in the treasury, which was increased by a present of five dollars from his employer. The second year his salary was doubled, but the sale of the business to Simonds & Ford, and the retirement of Bab- cock before the end of the year, threw him out, and he had to seek employment elsewhere. He had, by force of cir- cumstances, been obliged to practise the most rigid economy, and it was a good lesson for him. It is a blessing in disguise for any young man to be brought in touch with poverty. If by energy and force of character he works his way out, he knows how difficult and dangerous the road is, and he will SIXTH GENERATION. 121 be more likely in after life to sympathize with and assist those who are struggling in that direction. Every step for- ward will bring its reward, and having reached the goal of his ambition, he is equipped to enjoy every blessing that wealth may bring, and more likely to share it with others than if reared in affluence. It is so easy for a young man, from day to day, to fritter away his small earnings, and then when he is old, have nothing to fall back upon, or rely on to carry him into business, and he must forever play a subordinate part in the drama of life. He, however, found employment in a count- ing-room in Boston, where nearly eight years were spent, at first as assistant and next as principal book-keeper and manager of the business. " During this period a fine opportunity occurred for indulg- ing his early desire for reading. The large libraries of Boston were now accessible to him, and he left no moment to be wasted in idleness. He appropriated much of his first earn- ings to the purchase of books, and took lessons in book- keeping, chemistry, rhetoric, the French language, etc. He also belonged to several literary societies, sharing in their honors and offices. But the labors of the counting-house and his reading at home the latter frequently extending through the entire night made such inroads upon his health it was deemed necessary for him for a time to give up book-keeping, which he did, and spent the winter of 1843-4 at the home of his youth in Harvard. He had never fully abandoned the hope of a liberal education, and at this period, having accumulated sufficient funds, he seriously contemplated entering college ; but a difficulty of the eyes, together with his advanced years, induced him, with much reluctance, forever to abandon it. His active mind and temperament required employment, and in the spring of 1844 he returned to Boston and resumed his former 122 HAPGOOD FAMILY. employment. Still feeble in health, which was augmented by the confinement of a counting-room, he at the end of the year determined to try a more active life. He now engaged with a wool and domestic goods commission house, as travel- ling agent through the Western States ; an employment for which his address eminently fitted him. So successful was he, that he was solicited to visit the Southern States for the same firm, which he did, spending part of the winter of 1845-6 in New Orleans. Another year was spent in the same capacity, travelling through New England and New York, and in attending to the correspondence of the house. He adopted the wise plan of keeping a full journal of all his travels. He also made many pleasant acquaintances, and obtained much valuable information. Greatly improved in health, he now determined never again to enter a counting- house, and in August, 1847, embarked in the cloth and clothing business." A copartnership was formed with Samuel B. Appleton, under the firm name of Hapgood & Appleton, for the pur- pose of doing a ready-made clothing and tailoring business, at 1 8 Dock square, Boston. At the end of the first year the firm was dissolved and Hapgood assumed the responsibilities of he concern. The business increased, and in 1855 he removed to the large store, 50 Washington street, where he conducted the three branches, ready-made clothing, tailoring, and gentlemen's furnishing goods. The store was demolished in 1872, and he moved to number 48, next door. The block in which 48 was situated was sold to A. J. Wilkinson, hardware merchant, and in 1874 he removed to chambers, 383 Washington street, where he remained about four years, and in February, 1878, removed to 17 Court street. In 1886, he decided that in the following year he would retire, having been fifty-three years in active business, forty of which had been on his own SIXTH GENERATION. 123 account ; never borrowed money or asked for a discount, though said to be the oldest depositor in the Exchange Bank, and always paid one hundred cents on the dollar. On the first of February, 1887, he turned the business over to the Messrs. Richardson & Swett, two of his experienced employees. The building, 17 Court street, was, in 1889, taken down to make room for a more modern structure, and the young firm moved to 21 Court street, taking the old proprietor with them, where he may still be found, a hale and hearty octogenarian. It took several years to settle up the affairs of the old concern, but in 1888, he, with his wife, spent about four months travelling in Europe. Other journeys were made, in later years, to the Pacific Coast, Yellowstone Park, Canada, the Saguenay River, and other points of interest in America. His mother died of consumption when he was barely three years old, and as he advanced in age, the fatal disease appeared to have made a lodgement in him. Later on, that most distressing malady, asthma, assailed him, and for many years tormented him fearfully ; then quietly disappeared, almost entirely. During these critical periods, his physidfen, the late Doctor Oliver Wendell Holmes, then a practising physician in Boston, advised more out-of-door exercise. The change from the active duties of a New England farmer boy to the close confinement and mental work of a counting- room, together with change of diet consequent, was too much for a constitution, not naturally robust. The physi- cian's recommendation was adopted, and as sporting was his choice, whenever a few hours could be snatched from busi- ness, they were appropriated in that way. The beaches and marshes of East Boston, at that period, offered a fair field 124 HAPGOOD FAMILY. for marsh-bird shooting, and thither he occasionally repaired, with gratifying results in health, if not in hunting. This, however, could not be indulged in to any great extent while he was employed as a clerk, but when he went into business for himself, it was different, and he could gratify his taste and spend more time afield than before. That order of Doctor Holmes was undoubtedly the initiative to his future sporting career. Partridge, woodcock and snipe were much more abundant fifty years ago than at present, and their pursuit afforded him ample exercise and amusement. After his brother Jonathan came in possession of the homestead farm, that was the most favorite resort. Jonathan was also fond of gunning, and was a most cheerful companion, an excellent shot, and an indomitable worker. The dogs and guns received the best of treatment under his supervision, and he and his team were ever in readiness for a tramp. For more than a quarter-century were the coverts of not only their native town, but other towns contiguous, beaten over with satisfac- tory results. Jonathan was, furthermore, an expert fisher- mam, especially for pickerel, and the two brothers did not neglect the trout streams in that vicinity. After the death of his brother, Warren found other resorts, but for several years has devoted some time to shore-bird shooting. "The grasshopper is a burden " at eighty, and the limbs, as well as the mental faculties, at that age, are less elastic and nimble than at forty, and long tramps afield become tedious and irksome. His love of nature, and keen observation of the ways and habits of birds and animals, led him to the study of ornithology, and to the collecting of specimens ; his collection now embraces nearly all of the Limicolae (shore SIXTH GENERATION. 125 birds), as well as the game birds of New England, with many others. He often remarked that he did not regret any day or dollar spent in sporting, and he firmly believed that if business men would, before it was too late, take an occasional day off, in some kind of congenial out-of-door exercise and amusement, there would not be as many total wrecks of body and mind, as at present reported. It is the "ounce of preventive" that is better than the "pound of cure." Nor did he confine himself alone to the woods and waters of his native State. He fished and hunted the Adirondack and Rangeley regions ; caught trout in the Merced, Yellowstone \ and Washington Territory (now State) streams ; spent a part of six or eight winters in North Carolina, quail (partridge) shooting; organized the Monomoy Branting Club in 1862, and was its president and manager for thirty-four years ; has been a member of the Massachusetts Fish and Game Protec- tive Association twenty years ; also a member of the Boston Art Club, and the Museum of Fine Arts, the Bostonian Society, the New England Historic-Genealogical Society; belongs to Doctor Edward Everett Hale's church, and the Hale Club ; has served on the Boston School Board ; always a Whig or Republican ; subscribes liberally to periodical and other literature ; donated a handsome sum to complete the Public Library of his native town, and made an address at its dedication ; presented her citizens a clock to be placed upon the Unitarian church; published, in 1894, a History of Har- vard for free distribution, no copy ever being sold ; and wrote numerous articles for the press, mostly on sporting matters. Unfortunately for him, he had no children to* share with and enjoy the results of his life-work, but he contributed in various ways to aid in such worthy objects as came to his 126 HAPGOOD FAMILY. notice. He took his brother's son, Theodore Goldsmith Hapgood, when he was about nine years old, and kept him in school about as much longer, and would have cheerfully fitted and sent him to college, but the young man preferred mercantile business, and the purpose was abandoned. He also aided several of his brother's other children in the way of education. It was through his instrumentality that Hell Pond, in i Harvard, was stocked with black bass. The fish were taken from Half- Way Pond, in Plymouth, by Thomas Pierce and transported to Boston by rail, carted across the city to Fitch- burg railroad, and thence to Ayer, where they were met by Jonathan F. Hapgood with an ox team, in a pouring rain, and the tanks conveyed to the pond, where the seventeen large bass were liberated, the effort proving in every way successful. He was also most conspicuous in introducing European quail (Coturnix Communis) into this country. Of the thousands that were afterwards imported, from some cause unknown, none are believed to have survived. "The active duties of business absorbing much of his time, he has found less leisure than formerly for literary pursuits ; yet these have not been wholly neglected, nor the happy effects of previous culture obscured. In social intercourse he is frank without being abrupt, genial and' sympathetic ; and many bear witness to his kindness and generosity. "As a merchant he is high minded, honorable and ener- getic. Abhorring those little tricks that tradesmen some- times resort to, and believing that mere pecuniary gain at the cost of honor is not success, he has won for himself a reputation worthy of emulation. "Mr. Hapgood married, January 14, 1852, Julia Adelaide Gamage, a lady of congenial tastes, who had enjoyed the advantages of public and private schools in Boston, receiving Julia (Gamaiici SIXTH GENERATION. 127 medals from each as the award of scholarship. From her youth to the present time she has been engaged as pupil, teacher, and patron of Sunday schools, and takes an active part in the support and management of various other charit- able institutions. She was born July 28, 1821, in Boston, the daughter of Nathaniel and Sarah (Cowdin) Gamage, and the granddaughter of William Gamage, M. D., of Cambridge, by his second wife, Lucy Watson, and great granddaughter of William and Abigail Gamage of Cambridge, and great great granddaughter of Joshua and Deborah (Wyeth) Gamage of Cambridge, the common ancestor of all of the name in this country. He was not improbably a merchant from London, where only was the name reported two hundred and fifty years ago, and then in connection with knighthood. On the maternal side, Mrs. Hapgood was the granddaughter of Daniel Cowdin, by his wife, Zabiah Davis, who was the daughter of the honored and revered General Amasa Davis of Boston, born August 17, 1744; died January 30, 1825, who married Sarah Whitney, daughter of William and Mary (Pierce) Whitney of Weston, and great great granddaughter of John and Elinor Whitney of Watertown. Nathaniel Gamage was a merchant of Boston, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, December 18, 1793; died Janu- ary 3, 1823 ; married, May 24, 1812, Sarah Cowdin, born July 27, 1794, in Boston, where she died March 2, 1867." No children. SEVENTH GENERATION. 39. WILLIAM ESTABROOK STEARNS 7 (James 6 , Abraham*, Ephraim*, flezekiah?, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born Novem- ber 19, 1823, at Acton; married, February 17, 1847, at Lowell, Massachusetts, Maria Haven, born October 19, 1819, 128 HAPGOOD FAMILY. at Laconia, New Hampshire. He died at Lowell, Febru- ary 1 6, 1872 ; by trade a painter. His widow survives him. CHILDREN. I. Frank Wesley 8 , born April 23, 1848; married, January 25, 1878, Jennie Ingalls Hildreth, born in Lowell, May 22, 1849, where he resides, a machinist. II. Mary Louisa 8 , born April 23, 1848, twin with Frank Wesley ; died August 25, 1849, at Lowell. III. James 8 , born December 25, 1850; married, May 14, 1879, Etta May Huckins, born June 9, 1859, at Deerfield, New Hampshire; resides in Lowell, a machinist; s. p. IV. Charles Haven 8 , born October 18, 1853; married, Decem- ber 26, 1875, Luella Googin of Lowell, where he resides, a jeweler. CHILD. I. Sarah Mariah 9 , born June 9, 1877. 40. EpHRAiM 7 (Ephrainf 1 , Ephrainf, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born September 16, 1812; went to Lowell, 1832 ; learned the carpenter's trade ; worked at mill- wright business ; became associated with Milton Aldrich for about seven years in the manufacture of shuttles and wood screws, then went into tinware and stove business with Wil- liam T. and Charles P. Whitten, and next into junk, rag, cotton waste and paper stock, which he pursued till 1870, when he started a mattress factory, which resulted in the present extensive establishment of E. Hapgood & Son, High street, Lowell. He married, February 19, 1837, Harriet Amanda, daughter of Joseph and Eleanor (Taylor) Whitten of Cavendish, Vermont. He died November 30, 1873. His widow still survives him. SEVENTH GENERATION. 129 CHILDREN. I. Edwin D. 8 , born October 26, 1838, at Lowell; married, Jan- uary 12, 1862, Mary Agnes, daughter of Mathew and Lucinda (Elkins) Currier of North Troy, Vermont, born May 12, 1838. She died January 6, 1892. CHILDREN. I. Frank Elkins', born October 20, 1862, at Lawrence ; married, October 15, 1890, Nettie Anderson of North Cape, Racine County, Wisconsin, born November 12, 1864; resides in Chicago, Illinois; in mattress business. No children. II. George Currier 9 , born May 14, 1865 ; died Janu- ary 29, 1869. II. Edgar 8 , born April i, 1845; resides in Lowell in company with his brother Edwin, as successors to their father's extensive business ; unmarried. 41. ANDREW 7 (Ephraim*, Ephraim*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel?, Shadrach 1 }, born at the home of his father, near the Fitchburg railroad crossing, West Acton, August 28, 1823 ; educated at the district and private schools ; remained on the farm during his minority ; went to Lowell and worked at various kinds of mechanical business. His father being feeble, he returned, 1847, to Acton, and assisted in carrying on the farm till his death, February 3, 1849; he then pur- chased of the heirs their interest in the estate, where he has since lived, and, by industry and frugality, prospered. This farm which Ephraim 6 bought was known as the " Brooks estate." Andrew held the office of Justice of Peace for thirty years, and served the town in several minor offices ; married, August 12, 1846, at Lowell, Eliza Ann, daughter of William and Martha Lawrence Adams of Hollis, New Hampshire. 130 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. Esther Ann 8 , born at Acton, July 12, 1847 ; married, Decem- ber 16, 1874, James Trescott Dinsmore of Lubeck, Maine, born April 21, 1847; resides in Dorchester; in the employ of the American Rubber Company, Boston. CHILD. 1. Walter Andrew' Dinsmore, born November 25, 1879- II. Lucius 8 , born February 14, 1851; educated for business; was in the employ of Messrs. Peters & Derby, at Hudson; much esteemed for integrity and business capacity; died September 30, 1870. III. Josephine 8 , born July 31, 1854; married, May 19, 1875, i n Acton, Samuel Spencer Perkins, who has for many years been a leading grocer in Lynn, Massachusetts. She died December 30, 1892. CHILDREN. 1. Charles Shipley 9 Perkins, born April 17, 1876. 2. Samuel Ernest 9 , born April 22, 1878. 3. Clarence Andrew 9 , born October 15, 1884. 4. Albert Harrison^, born October 12, 1888. 5. Edith Eliza 9 , born December 2, 1890. 6. Nelson Wolcott 9 , born May 13, 1892. IV. Irving 8 , born July 7, 1858, at West Acton; removed to Lynn, in 1879; married, September 30, 1885, Annie M. Kennedy of Whitefield, Maine ; is with his brother-in- law, S. S. Perkins, in the grocery and provision business. CHILD. I. Roy Glendon 9 , born November 4, 1888. V. Ellsworth 8 , born February 26, 1861 ; married, September 30, 1890, Eliza Ellen Tabour, born July 20, 1857, at Salem. He resides in Lynn ; proprietor of the well known and popular Lynn express. CHILDREN. I. Edna Frances 9 , born November 4, 1892. II. Mabel Eliza 9 , born June 14, 1895. III. Marion Esther 9 , born June 30, 1896. SEVENTH GENERATION. 131 VI. Herbert*, born November 15, 1865; resides in Cambridge- port; traveling agent for Plymouth Rock Gelatine Company; unmarried. 42. CYRUS 7 (Nathaniel*, Ephrainf, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel' 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born July 16, 1818, at Acton ; mar- ried, January 18, 1842, Eleanor Wheeler, born February 23, 1817; died March 31, 1860, in Cambridge, and he married second, March 7, 1861, Mrs. Abby H. Lewis, daughter of Josiah Davis, Esquire, of Concord, born September 6, 1817; died February 8, 1895, at Everett. At the age of fourteen, he went to work for his uncle Stowe in his soap and candle factory in Concord, and at nineteen, succeeded him in that business. Two years later, 1839, the factory was burned and he lost everything, except "pluck." He next went into the butchering business with Jabez Reynolds, in Concord. After- wards he removed to Bedford, where for eight years he was in the meat business. He then moved to Cambridge, where for fifteen years he conducted a wholesale slaughter-house for Boston market, and then retired from active business, and has resided in Newtonville, Acton, and now in Everett, Mas- sachusetts. CHILDREN. 60 I. Cyrus Stowe 8 , born November 23, 1842, at Concord; mar- ried Clara Augusta Conner. II. Henry Augustus 8 , born March 16, 1845, at Concord; died March 4, 1849, at Bedford. III. Ellen Frances 8 , born August 24, 1849; resides with her venerable father in Everett. 132 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 43. JOSEPH 7 (Nathaniel' 1 ', Ephraim*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*,. Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born May 26, 1821 ; married, August n, 1847, Almira Jane, daughter of Nathaniel Holmes of Londonderry, New Hampshire, born August, 1827. She died September 28, 1868, at Gibsonville, Sierra County, California. He went to California in 1851, but came back September, 1861, for his wife, two boys, and twin sister, and took passage on board steamer from New York, November i, 1861, for his residence at Rocky Point, Sierra County. His present residence is Mohawk, Plumas County, California, farmer and miner, still expecting, at seventy-five, to realize a fortune from his mining interests. CHILDREN. I. Nathan Henry 8 , born September 15, 1848, at Dorchester, New Hampshire; married, September 20, 1880, Alice, daughter of Henry M. and Eliza T. Kingsbury of Berlin, Wisconsin, born May 19, 1854; resides in Beckwith, Plumas County, California. CHILDREN. 1. Maude Estelle 9 , born July 31, 1881, at Quincy, Plumas County, California. II. Iva Alice 9 , born November 27, 1890, at Reno, Nevada. III. Hattie May 9 , born April 18, 1894, at Reno. II. Joseph Frank 8 , born June 7, 1850, at Dorchester, New Hampshire ; went west, engaged in stock raising on the south fork of Pitt River, Modoc County ; on June 2, 1880, while attempting to ford the river with two horses, near Centerville, California, he was drowned, but no one ever knew how it happened. He was a man of excellent habits, fearless and determined, and had he lived would have made his mark in the world ; was not married. III. Mary Lizzie 8 , born July n, 1852, at Londonderry, New Hampshire; died August u, 1853. SEVENTH GENERATION. 133 IV. Nathaniel 8 , born September 27, 1862, at Gibsonville, Sierra County, California ; worked on the farm, with his father, at Mohawk Valley; resides at Wash, Plumas County, California; unmarried. V. Matthew Holmes 8 , born August 19, 1865, at Gibsonville; resides in Truckee, Plumas County, California; lum- berman; unmarried. 44. SHERMAN WILLARD T (Ephraim*, HezekiaJv 1 , Ephrainfi, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel "*, Shadrach 1 }, born January 12, 1815; reared on the farm of his father Ephraim, in Waterford ; received a fair district school education, such as was .accorded to the New England boy of that period ; removed, May, 1832, to North Anson ; learned the harness maker's trade, but subsequently went into hotel business with his brother-in-law, William Brown, keeping the Somerset House at North Anson. They also became interested in a line of stage coaches from Waterville to North Anson, via Nor- ridgewock, where they opened a hotel. After this, he fol- lowed farming at Anson for about two years. The next enterprise was a tannery, the product of which was converted into harnesses and boots. The sale of boots in that section was limited and he was obliged to ship his goods west for a market. In 1879, becoming weary of business and feeling old age slowly creeping upon him, he concluded to retire and enjoy the closing years of his life at North Anson, in the midst of his family and friends, where he was much beloved and esteemed. He married, May 4, 1839, Abigail, daughter of Joel and Abigail Fletcher of North Anson, born Octo- ber 12, 1820. He died September 23, 1896, in North Anson, Maine. 134 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. George Edmund 8 , born January 21, 1838; married, 1873, Ella, daughter of Luke and Abigail Mantor of North Anson, born May 20, 1845. George was a trader at North Anson; removed to California, September 12, 1859, and after varying fortunes, in 1868 he returned to the place of his birth, where he still resides ; a merchant. CHILDREN. I. Florence Talbott 9 , born March. 10, 1874; married, October 15, 1894, Charles Tarbell of George- town, Maine, born April 20, 1872. II. Nellie', born January 9, 1877. III. Sherman 9 , born September 11, 1884. II. William Henry 8 , born September 12, 1839, at North Anson ; married, April 15, 1860, Betsey Manley of Skowhegan, Maine, born July 7, 1839. He was in the harness busi- ness, but abandoned it to join his brother Solon, in a hotel at Milford, Massachusetts. Went west, 1876, and has not since been heard from. CHILDREN. I. Caroline Manley 9 , born November 11, 1860; mar- ried, December 10, 1890, T. Starr Hittinger of Boston ; resides in Townsend, Massachusetts ; no children. II. Blanche Sherman 9 , born January 14, 1863 ; married, December, 1885, Charles W. Baxter; resides in Grand Rapids, Michigan. CHILDREN. 1. Alice 10 Baxter, born March 29, 1885. 2. Charles Sherman 10 , born December 19, 1887. III. Solon Eugene 8 , born July 9, 1842; married, December 24, 1868, Frances Libbey of Milford, born July 9, 1845. He was educated, with the other members of the fam- ily, in the district schools of North Anson; was a clerk in the Somerset House ; 1860, formed a co-part- nership under firm name of Hapgood & Thompson, as proprietors of the Curritunk House at Solon, Maine. Returning to North Anson, 1864, he opened a store for the sale of furniture, under firm name of Hapgood & Mantor. This proving unsatisfactory, he sold out and SEVENTH GENERATION. 135 removed to Milford, 1871, where for a quarter century he has been the successful proprietor of the Mansion House in that flourishing town. CHILD. I. Helen Maud', born October 18, 1869, at North Anson ; married, January 10, 1890, Wallace Stimpson of Milford. IV. Abbie Frances 8 , born July 12, 1846; married, February 22, 1863, George Frank, son of Dennis Moore, Judge of Probate for the county of Somerset, Maine, born 1835 ; resides in North Anson. CHILDREN. 1. Lewis Sherman 9 Moore, born December 24, 1865 ; died September 14, 1887. 2. Fred Dennis 9 , born October 12, 1870; resides in North Anson ; a farmer. 3. Annie 9 , born April 10, 1874. 4. Eda 9 , born October 10, 1876. V. Eda Augusta 8 , born July 12, 1846, twin with Abbie Frances ; married, June 8, 1868, Thomas Boyd, son of Manley and Almeda Townsend of Calais, Maine, born Febru- ary 28, 1844; removed, September i, 1890, to Kansas City, Missouri ; in real estate business ; Mrs. Townsend has a divided interest between her husband and her venerable father, and is part of the time with each ; s. p. VI. Fannie Estelle 8 , born June 18, 1843, at Norridgewock, Maine; married, October 10, 1871, William Caswell of North Anson ; a farmer. CHILD. 1. Gertrude 9 Caswell, born April 15, 1884. 45. CHARLES C. 7 (Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel" 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born July 31, 1821; married, Octo- ber 19, 1843, at North Anson, Salome Savage, born in King- field, March 9, 1824; he learned the trade of saddler and 136 HAPGOOD FAMILY. harness maker; spent two years in North Anson, two in Waterford, then returned to North Anson, where he died, May 9, 1851, and his widow removed, 1852, to Boston, where she has since resided. CHILD. I. Albion Danville 8 , born March i, 1845, at Waterford; mar- ried, June 20, 1866, at East Boston, Delia Smith of Maine, born April 17, 1846; resided in Boston, a clerk; enlisted, January 4, 1863, in Third Massachusetts Cav- alry; was with General Banks in his Red River cam- paign, came home sick, was in Readville hospital six months ; returned to the front and served to the end of the war, when he was mustered out ; he removed to Omaha, Nebraska, 1869, and to West Glendale, Southern California, 1887; a small fruit grower, with a pension, and impaired health. CHILDREN, all but Hattie born in Omaha. I. Hattie 9 , born April 17, 1867, at East Boston; mar- ried, 1889, Frank Vance of Ohio; resides in Los Angeles ; a carriage painter. CHILDREN. 1. Alice 10 Vance, born January 8, 1894. 2. Ethel 10 , born July 28, 1895. II. Charles 9 , born August 6, 1870; married, January 15, 1896, at Ontario, Colorado, Alice Brown from Minneapolis; resides in Los Angeles; a clerk. III. Susan 9 , born January 15, 1874; married, August 1 8, 1892, Albert Miller of San Fernando, Cali- fornia. CHILDREN. 1. Stella 10 Miller, born August 24, 1893. 2. Annie 10 , born June 23, 1896. IV. Stella 9 , born July n, 1876; died October 25, 1879. V. May 9 , born March 10, 1881. VI. Alma 9 , born September 18, 1885. SEVENTH GENERATION. 137 46. WiLLiAM 7 (William*, Hesekiah 5 , Ephraim*, HezekiaW, Nathaniel*, Shadrach x ), born May 28, 1814, at East Fryeburg, Maine; married, December 31, 1840, Marcia McKay, born at Westbrook, Maine, August 28, 1816, and resides with her daughter, Mrs. Berry, in East Fryeburg, where William died January 4, 1892; he had spent several summers in business at North Conway, New Hampshire. CHILDREN, all born in East Fryeburg. I. Charlotte 8 , born June i, 1842; died September 8, 1848. II. Marcia 8 , born June 13, 1843; married, July 20, 1862, Joshua Ames, son of Simeon and Sally Harnden of Denmark, Maine; she died May 23, 1865, and he, March 28, 1888. CHILD. 1. Byron Elwood 9 Harnden, born June 25, 1863, at Denmark; resides in Bridgton, Maine. III. Henrietta 8 , born August 4, 1845 ; died July 12, 1851. IV. Franklin 8 , born July i, 1848; died July 17, 1851. V. Lottie 8 , born April 13, 1851 ; married, August 2, 1872, at Denmark, Harmon Velrufas, son of Joseph and Abigail Berry, born April 18, 1849, at Denmark; resides in East Fryeburg; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. Lulu Marcia' Berry, born October 31, 1877. 2. William Hapgood 9 , born January 27, 1885. VI. William 8 , born May 20, 1853; died May 24, 1854. VII. Willis 8 , born February u, 1855; died November u, 1855. VIII. George Leonard 8 , born June 8, 1857; died March 25, 1864. IX. Sherman 8 , born March 2, 1860; married, November 24, 1881, Lena May, daughter of Wyman and Eliza Harn- den of Fryeburg, born April 25, 1862 ; resides in Port- land, Maine ; a merchant ; no children. 47. ANDREW SIDNEY? (Sprout*, HezekiaJc 1 , Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born September 14, 1831 ; married, 138 HAPGOOD FAMILY. January 18, 1870, Annie Winter of Gloucester, Massachusetts,, born March 14, 1838; he received his early education in the public schools of Waterford, Maine, but later the family removed to Augusta, where his father died, and here he learned the tanner's trade and established himself in that busi- ness ; he afterwards moved to Boston, where he was employed in the lobster canning business on the coast of Maine, and in the oyster business on the Maryland coast. In 1864 he went to California and formed a copartnership with William Hume, and established the first salmon canning factory on the Pacific coast, at Sacramento, under the firm name of Hapgood & Co. Here they carried on the salmon canning business for two years. About this time they heard much of the great quantities of salmon that were found in the Columbia River, and of the superior quality of the fish. In 1866 they erected the first salmon cannery on that river, at Eagle Cliff. This was the pioneer factory. Here they con- tinued the business until 1873, when the firm was dissolved and Mr. Hapgood built a new factory and works three miles below Eagle Cliff, calling it Waterford, after his native town, where he carried on the business of canning for two years. Failing health compelled him to give up business, and in August, 1875, ne s ld out. The following nine months he spent in California, and in May, 1876, he came East, where he died November 26, 1876, of consumption ; his widow sur- vives him, residing in Gloucester. CHILDREN. I. Son 8 , born January 13, 1873 ; died at birth. II. Lyman Sawin 8 , born July 22, 1874, at Gloucester; was a student at Harvard University, class 1897. SEVENTH GENERATION. 139 48. WILLIAM SALMON* (Ephrainf, Oliver 1 , Ephraim*, Heze- kiah*, Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born June 17, 1819; removed from Waterford to Bethel, 1830, with his parents, and in 1863 to East Stratford, New Hampshire; carried on a large farm ; manufactured and sold lumber extensively ; was an energetic and enterprising man; married, March 23, 1843, Rebecca Woods um Mason, born in Gilead, Maine, May 19, 1824; died July 18, 1891, of heart disease; he died of pneumonia, February 20, 1896, at the residence of his son Calvin, in Stratford. CHILDREN. I. Abbie Scribner 8 , born May 29, 1844, at Bethel; married, March 1 1, 1865, William Pingree of Denmark, born Jan- uary 10, 1843; resided in Fryeburg, Maine; removed to North Conway, New Hampshire, September 12, 1895. CHILDREN. 1. Georgiana' Pingree, born March 9, 1866, at Den- mark ; married, September 9, 1883, at North Conway, New Hampshire. 2. Fred William', born September 6, 1871, at Bethel, twin with Wilhelmina; married, March 22, 1894, Arvilla Gordon of Fryeburg ; telegrapher. 3. Wilhelmina 9 , born September 6, 1871 ; kinder- gartner; unmarried. 4. Charles Henry 9 , born January u, 1882, at Lovell. 61 II. Charles Arthur 8 , born March 29, 1846; married, at Strat- ford, January 2, 1868, Jennie Vilonia Paguin. III. Catharine Matilda 8 , born April 18, 1848, at Bethel ; married, October 21, 1866, at Norway, Simon, son of John and Judith Grover, born January, 1845, at Berlin, New Hampshire ; resides in Stoneham, Maine. CHILDREN. 1. Ada Louisa 9 Grover, born April 17, 1868, at Bethel, Maine ; married, October 27, 1888, James Edwin Day of Brownfield, Maine ; resides in Norway. 140 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. Willie Loren 10 Day. 2. Mather Ada 10 . 3. Bertie Roland 10 . 2. Mary Ellen 9 , born March 13, 1870, at Stratford, New Hampshire ; married, October 6, 1887, William John Culbert of Province of Quebec, Canada ; resides in North Stratford. CHILDREN. 1. Mather Mary 10 Culbert. 2. Perciville 10 . 3. Maggie 10 . 4. Abbie Susan 10 . 3. William Salmon 9 , born March i, 1872, at Strat- ford ; resides in Albany, Maine. 4. John Carter 9 , born April 18, 1874, at Stratford; resides in Stoneham. 5. Charles Barnett 9 , born May 29, 1876, at Stratford; married, November 28, 1894, at Otisfield, Flor- ence Gould ; resides in Otisfield ; farmer. 6. Artemas Benjamin 9 , born March 15, 1878, at South Columbia, New Hampshire ; resides in Stoneham, Me. 7. Frank Henry 9 , born March 14, 1880, in South Columbia; resides in Stoneham. 8. Abby Almon 9 , born November 4, 1882, at North Stratford. 9. Clarence Henry 9 , born November 22, 1885, at Stratford. 10. Alton Everett 9 , born June 18, 1890, at Stratford. IV. Calvin Lewis 8 , born April 30, 1850, at Bethel; married, March 24, 1876, Lizzie Fostina Barnett, born February 2 7 I 857, at Columbia, New Hampshire; resides in Stratford. CHILDREN. I. Burton Lee 9 , born February 21, 1877. 11. Elwin Edwin 9 , born September 14, 1878. III. Melvin Barnett 9 , born July 31, 1880. IV. Benjamin William 9 , born April 28, 1882. V. Rebecca Mason 9 , born June 13, 1883. VI. Guy Forist 9 , born August 8, 1885. VII. Gertie Louise 9 , born December 3, 1887. SEVENTH GENERATION. 141 V. Oliver Massina 8 , born February 1 1, 1852, at Bethel, Maine j married, August I, 1873, Nettie Walker, born Octo- ber 22, 1855; settled in Columbus, Ohio; removed to California, where he engaged in the business of nur- seryman. About 1895 or 1896 he returned to Massa- chusetts. CHILDREN. I. Eliott Elwood 9 , born May 9, 1874, a * Marion, Ohio ; married, February 22, 1895, Rosilla Baker, born October 24, 1878, at Marion. II. Ola Frank', born May 6, 1876, at Stratford, New Hampshire ; married, March 3, 1894, Rosa Lucy Schumacher, born October 28, 1872, at Colum- bus, Ohio. III. Britta Mart', born April 7, 1878, at Marion, Ohio; married, May 20, 1896, at Natick, Massachu- setts, James Wood, born in Fall River, Massa- chusetts, October 13, 1864; resides in Natick; by trade, a painter. IV. Marion 9 , born August 17, 1880, at Foristell, Mis- souri ; died at Marion, Ohio, January 2, 1881. V. Harley Horace 9 , born June 13, 1882, at Stratford, New Hampshire. VI. Percy Ray 9 , born February 18, 1885, at Wells River, Vermont; died August 13, 1885, at Plymouth, New Hampshire. VII. George Epler 9 , born September 10, 1887, at Holder- ness, New Hampshire. VIII. Myrtle Jeanette 9 , born April 9, 1890, at Springville, Kentucky; died January 8, 1896, at Boston, Massachusetts. IX. Bertha 9 , born October 17, 1892, at Columbus, Ohio. VI. William Salmon 8 , Jr., born December 14, 1853, at Albany, Maine; married, October 9, 1873, at Stratford, New Hampshire, Harriet Barnett, sister to his brother Cal- vin's wife, born June 10, 1854, at South Columbia, New Hampshire, where he resides, a large farmer and lumber dealer. CHILDREN. I. Florence May 9 , born November 2, 1874; married, October 12, 1892, at Columbia, William Jesse, son of Joseph and Mary Jane Ormsby, born 142 HAPGOOD FAMILY. January 4, 1845, at Guildhall, Vermont; resided in Columbia, New Hampshire, where she died September 29, 1893. CHILD. 1. Florence May 10 Ormsby, born September 8, 1893; died September 10, 1896. II. Minnie Eliza 9 , born July i, 1877, at Columbia ; died April 3, 1878. III. Durwood Malcom 9 , born Decembers, 1878. IV. Georgie Eva 9 , born November 30, 1880. V. Flora Bell 9 , born January 18, 1885. VI. Delia Bertha 9 , born May 10, 1888. VII. Ruth 9 , born May 24, 1893. VIII. Harold Bryan 9 , born August 4, 1896. VII. Richard Frank 8 , born December 9, 1855, at Albany; married, June 6, 1880, Mary Elvila Buzzell, born October 31, 1861, at Granby, Vermont; resides at Stratford. CHILDREN. I. Effie Rebecca 9 , born July 9, 1881. II. William Solon 9 , born March 30, 1883. III. Lucy Elnora 9 , born November 15, 1885. IV. Blanche Florence 9 , born November 18, 1895. VIII. Lucy Elnora 8 , born February 27, 1857, at Bethel; married, November 9, 1874,31 North Stratford, David Gillanders of Broughton, Province of Quebec, Canada, born Octo- ber 9, 1851 ; died May n, 1889, at Sherbrook, Province of Quebec; she married second, April 22, 1896, at Groveton, New Hampshire, Alexander McDonald of Nova Scotia, whose father was Donald McDonald of Scotland. CHILDREN, by first husband. 1. Carrie Maud 9 Gillanders, born August i, 1878, at North Stratford. 2. Jessie Beulah Brown, born May 25, 1880. IX. Josie Eva 8 , born November 22, 1858, at Bethel, Maine; married, August 7, 1875, at Lemington, Vermont, Charles Augustus Morse, born in Columbia, New Hampshire, May 30, 1848; resides in Lancaster, New Hampshire ; a blacksmith. SEVENTH GENERATION. 143 CHILDREN. 1. Mary Ella 9 Morse, born February 22, 1880, at Bloomfield, Vermont. 2. Prescott Howard*, born January 21, 1883, at River- ton, New Hampshire. X. Martha Jane 8 , born August 21, 1862; married, November 20, 1876, Melvin Young, born at Stratford, March 16, 1857. CHILDREN. 1. Clara Eva 9 Young, born March 19, 1878. 2. Edward John 9 , born April 25, 1880. 3. Josie Maud 9 , born April 27, 1882. 4. Nellie Maria 9 , born July I, 1884. 5. Fred Ray 9 , born April 17, 1889. 6. Colin Herman 9 , born May 25, 1891. 7. Cristy Pearl 9 , born May i, 1893. XI. Cora Isabel 8 , born August 20, 1864, at Stratford; married, May 3, 1882, Lincoln H. Holmes of Jefferson, New Hampshire ; resides in Albany, Maine, and Lancaster, New Hampshire ; no children. XII. Jennie Rose 8 , born June 10, 1867; married, July 5, 1887, Nathaniel White Bennett of Albany, Maine, where he resides. CHILDREN. 1. Rebecca Cora 9 Bennett, born February 22, 1892. 2. William Hapgood Sylvanus 9 , born July 3, 1893. 49. OLIVER 7 (Ephraim*, Oliver*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathan- iel-, Shadrach 1 }, born February 13, 1822 ; educated in the public schools of Waterford ; removed to Cambridge, Massa- chusetts ; was employed in the gas-fitting business ; married, September 20, 1848, Mary Jael Sanderson, in Sweden, Maine ; resided at Cambridge till the breaking out of the war, when he enlisted in Company I, Nineteenth regiment, Massachu- setts Volunteers ; was killed June 30, 1862, at the Battle of 144 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Frazier's Farm, Virginia, while performing his duty as Orderly Sergeant. His widow died April 4, 1869. CHILDREN. I. Oliver Massina 8 , born July 31, 1849, at Cambridgeport, Massachusetts ; received common school education ; married, September n, 1895, at Cambridge, Fanny Fay Cartwright of Cambridge, born December 31, 1867; resides in Cambridgeport ; foreman of electric street railway. II. Henry Clifton 8 , born July 20, 1851, at Cambridgeport; resides in Haverhill, Massachusetts ; a motorman, unmarried. III. Mary Jael 8 , born September 6, 1861 ; married, October 21, 1885, Milton Augustus Parker, born September 2, 1855, at Hopkinton, Massachusetts; resides in Welles- ley, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. 1. Chester Curtis 9 Parker, born August 6, 1886, at Arlington; died December 11, 1886. 2. Roy Milton', born October 3, 1887, at Cambridge. 3. Harold Bryant', born December 22, 1891. 5O. JOHN FRANCIS 7 (Ephraim 6 , Oliver 5 , Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Skadrack 1 } was born September 9, 1824; enter- prising, energetic and courageous. In 1848, at the age of twenty-two, he purchased of Barker Burbank, in Bethel, about 300 acres of land, only five of which were cleared. There was also a very small house upon the lot. Thrift followed sharp upon the footprints of industry, but some- thing was wanted a companion to share his toils and fortunes, and cheer the lonely hours of a forest home. Such an one was vouchsafed, and on the 25th of April, 1851, he was united in marriage, at Sherburne, New Hampshire, with SEVENTH GENERATION. 145 Mary Lemine Young, born at Gray, Maine, April 14, 1833. The union proved a happy one ; they have worked and pros- pered together. In 1869 he built the large mansion house, now occupied by the family, though all of the seven children, except Fred, were born in the old house. Family traits are singularly uniform and expressive. The earlier settlers of New England were from agricultural districts in England ; the Hapgoods were among them, and as farmers, were very industrious, frugal and prosperous. One trait was a desire for many buildings, and a great lot of cattle ; in the present instance, John had the traditional characteristic. In addition to the new house, rose into view two barns, a stable, and sheds innumerable. One half of the 300 acres original pur- chase are now under cultivation, and 400 acres of wood and pasture land have been added by the father and son John, who has always lived at home, and is now, in the waning years of the father, the mainstay. Nor is he suffering for want of exercise, with the care of the extensive farm, and seventy-one head of cattle to look after, summer and winter ; in fact, he is one of the most successful and richest farmers in that section of the State. CHILDREN, all born at Bethel. I. John 8 , born January 24, 1853 ; married, November 26, 1879, Inez Anna, daughter of Otis and Vianna Hayford, born . January 3, 1857, at Albany, Maine, died July 2, 1886; no children. He is a quiet, intelligent, industrious man, deeply interested in farming, and has pretty much the entire care of the large estate since his father has felt old age creeping upon him. II. Albert 8 , born October 21, 1855; died December 17, 1873. III. George 8 , born February 14, 1858; died March 9, 1861. IV. George Joseph 8 , born July 29, 1861; married, May 2, 1886, Mae Lizzie, daughter of Emery and Lucy Emerson, 146 HAPGOOD FAMILY. born at Fryeburg, August 2, 1868; resides in Bethel; a merchant. CHILD. I. Ula Alice?, born July 27, 1888. V. Frank 8 , born May 15, 1864; resides at Bethel; a farmer; unmarried. VI. Ella Mary 8 , born November 23, 1868; married, August 23, 1888, Charles Edgar Whittier, born January 17, 1850, at Lisbon, Maine. He died March 23, 1895, at Lewis- ton, Maine. CHILD. 1. Mildred Hapgood 9 Whittier, born June 30, 1889, at Bethel, where both mother and child reside, with her father, at the old homestead. VII. Fred 8 , born July 9, 1872; resides in Bethel; unmarried. 51. RiCHARD 7 (Ephraim 6 , Oliver*, Ephraim*, HezekialP, Nathan- iel*, Shadrach 1 ), born February 24, 1841 ; married, December 22, 1868, Nellie Grace, daughter of Carlos Lapere and Eliza- beth C. Pike, born November 24, 1848, at Hebron, New Hampshire ; resides in Cambridge, Massachusetts ; General Roadmaster of the West End Street Railway Company. CHILDREN. I. Charles Carlos 8 , born December 9, 1870; married, October 26, 1892, Mary Alexander Gardner of Cambridge, born November 8, 1871 ; resides in Cambridge; educated in the public schools; went west, January 7, 1885; two years on a stock farm in Nebraska, returned, and entered the employ of Hosmer, Robinson & Co., hay and grain merchants, which position he has faithfully filled for eleven years ; no children. II. Emma Lizzie 8 , born October 26, 1874; married, April 26, 1893, at Cambridge, Arthur Spencer Cummings; in piano business. III. Nellie Arline 8 , born April 24, 1876; died June 11, 1878. SEVENTH GENERATION. 147 52. ARTEMAS T (Artemas*, Oliver 6 , Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathan- iel, Shadrach 1 ), born September 2, 1816 ; married, September 17, 1848, at Sweden, Maine, Sarah Ann, daughter of Reuben and Sally Nevers Parker, born August 25, 1819, at Portland. He died January 8, 1890; she survives him at Waterford. CHILDREN. I. Lyman*, born October 21, 1849; married, February 22, 1883, at Steep Falls, Maine, Hattie B. Merrill of Limington, Maine. He was killed in a pulp mill at Gorham, Maine, September 11, 1890. CHILDREN. I. Sarah Isabel', born June 16, 1885. II. Harold', born March 4, 1887, at Windham, Maine. II. Arzelia Worcester 8 , born January 22, 1854; died August n, 1862, at Sweden. 63. JoEL 7 (Oliver' 1 ', Oliver 6 , Ephraim*, Hezekiah 3 , Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born August 23, 1827; married, October 10, 1852, at Gorham, New Hampshire, Columbia Wheeler, born August 4, 1828, at Albany, Maine; died at South Waterford, Maine, June 10, 1854; no children; and he married second, April 25, 1855, at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Ellen Mariah, daughter of John and Almira (Smith) Coburn, born at Portland, May 24, 1836. He died February 13, 1887, at South Waterford. CHILDREN. I. George Albert 8 , born January 25, 1856 (by second wife), at Portland; married, February 16, 1878, at Lawrence, Massachusetts, Jennie Durden, born August 9, 1852, at Chessetts Wood, England ; resides in Portland, a machinist. 148 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. Harry Llewellyn 9 , born March 14, 1879, Lawrence. II. Ernest Albert', born August 22, 1880, at South Waterford. III. Blanch Maria*, born November 5, 1885; died December 27, 1885. IV. Bertha May 9 , born November 24, 1886, South Waterford. V. Ralph Durden 9 , born October 24, 1888, at Portland. II. Abbie Ellen 8 , born July 7, 1858, at Portland; married, Jan- uary 22, 1875, at Sweden, Maine, Calvin Hapgood 8 Adams, son of Joseph and Mary Jane 7 (Hapgood) Adams, born Aprils, 1848; resides in South Water- ford. CHILDREN. 1. Gertie May 9 Adams, born November 15, 1875, at Sweden; married, January 20, 1895, South Waterford, Eugene K. Kilgore of Waterford, where they reside. 2. Lizzie Maud 9 , born May 6, 1877, in Waterford ; mar- ried, March 7, 1894, Daniel Wood; resides in North Bridgton, Maine. 3. Ethel Carrie 9 , born August 9, 1878, at Waterford. 4. Bessie Mabel 9 , born November 9, 1879. 5. Fred Harold 9 , born July 9, 1881. 6. Walter H. 9 , born November 13, 1882. 7. Stella 9 , born November 18, 1883. 8. Ellroy 9 , born September 9, 1884. 9. Marjory Ellen?, born July 27, 1891. 10. Frank Clifford 9 , born September 13, 1892. 11. Mildred H. 9 , born September 24, 1893. III. Charles Henry 8 , born February 2, 1860, at South Water- ford; married, July 2, 1881, Jennie Mary Cox, born December 4, 1861, at St. Johns, New Brunswick; resides in South Waterford. CHILDREN. I. Hallie Louise', born February 28, 1884; died August 20, 1884. II. Walter William', born March 20, 1886, at Deering, Maine. III. Freda Frances 9 , born June i, 1892, at Waterford. SEVENTH GENERATION. 149 IV. Ella Maria 8 , born April i, 1862, at Waterford; married, June 6, 1880, at Lynn, Massachusetts, Leamon, son of Alanson Dawes ; resides in Harrison, Maine. CHILD. 1. Josephine 9 Dawes, born March 27, 1882. V. Llewellyn Nelson 8 , born February 14, 1864, at South Water- ford ; resides in Portland ; insurance agent, unmarried. 54. CYRIL WILLIAM T (Cornelius' 1 ', Jonathan*, Ephraim*, Heze- kiah z , Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born March 9, 1825 ; married, May 9, 1849, Adaline, daughter of Elijah and Sarah Leigh, born April 13, 1829, at Malone, where he resided, and died February 29, 1882; an extensive and prosperous farmer, of ability and standing. CHILDREN. I. Eliza Jane 8 , born June 2, 1850; died at Constable, New York, October 10, 1867. II. Cornelius 8 , born September 18, 1852; married, January i, 1873, at Malone, Jennie, daughter of Wesley and Sarah Brown of Georgia, Vermont ; resided at West Bangor, New York, where she died January I, 1895. He is a large farmer and leading citizen. CHILDREN. I. Adelbert 9 , born June 21, 1874, at Malone ; married, March 16, 1892, Susie, daugher of Miner and Clara Hutchins, born June 4, 1874, at Brandon, New York ; resides in Bangor ; a farmer. CHILD. 1. Eugene Cardell 10 , born August 6, 1894, at Brandon. II. Nina Lee 9 , born October 26, 1889, at Brandon, New York. III. George 8 , born October 5, 1855; resides in Springfield, Massachusetts; an employee in freight department, Boston & Albany Railroad. 150 HAPGOOD FAMILY. IV. Ada 8 , born March 15, 1858; married, September n, 1873, at Malone, Charles Montgomery, born March 23, 1851, at Detroit, Michigan ; resides in Kansas City, Missouri. V. William 8 , born August 15, 1860; married, September 14, 1887, at Holyoke, Massachusetts, Kate McTigue of Ireland, born April 24, 1862; resides in Bangor, New York ; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Sarah Ann', born May 14, 1887, at Holyoke. II. William Dana', born October 8, 1889, at Chicopee, Massachusetts. III. Anna May 9 , born March n, 1891, at Chicopee. VI. Emma 8 , born September 26, 1862; died January 27, 1864. VII. Minnie Amie 8 , born September 22, 1865; married, Septem- ber 30, 1884, Eugene Frederick Cardell, born at Read- ing, Massachusetts, September 4, 1863; resides in Lowell ; in employ of Association of Fire Under- writers ; no children. VIII. Dana Boardman 8 , born April 27, 1870, at Constable, New York ; resides in Fay, New York, a farmer ; unmarried. 55. WESLEY 7 (Cornelius*, Jonathan*, Ephraim*, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born July 3, 1835; married, at Malone, July 3, 1859, Delia, daughter of William and Orpha Earl, born May 2, 1836. On the death of his grandfather, Jonathan, the original farm of 300 acres was divided among his five children; Abigail having died previously, Amos took for his share, the framed house and 75 acres of land ; Cornelius took the log house, where all his sisters were born, and lived there till 1840, rearing a family of ten children. In that year he erected a framed house about 100 rods west of the log house, which he vacated and finally demolished. He subsequently bought two of the girls' shares, making his Xcmuel ^Sicftnell t>apcioo>. SEVENTH GENERATION. 151 farm 150 acres. Here he resided till 1866, when he sold the place to his son Wesley for six thousand dollars. On the death of Cornelius, the son received his full share of the estate in cash. After the death of his uncle Amos, Wesley bought his 75 acres, which enlarged his farm to the unwieldy size of 225 acres. In 1889 Wesley died, leaving the farm in possession of his widow, to be divided at her decease, between Ida, who lived on the homestead with her mother, and John Guy, who occupied the farm of 75 acres, formerly owned by his uncle Amos. Wesley died April 29, 1889; his widow still survives. CHILDREN. I. Eunice 8 , born January 29, 1860, in Belmont, New York; married in Malone, March 16, 1880, Benjamin, son of Benjamin and Sarah Lester, born April 16, 1856, at Duane, New York ; resides in Constable ; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. Wesley 9 Lester, born December n, 1880. 2. Bessie 9 , born March 27, 1882. 3. Myrtle 9 , born September 23, 1887. 4. Burnie 9 , born November 10, 1889. 5. Lawrence 9 , born August 24, 1891. 6. Ray R. 9 , born May 27, 1893. 7. Asa Morton 9 , born March 30, 1895. 62 II. John Guy 8 , born October 5, 1862, at Constable, New York; married, December 27, 1883, at Malone, Laura Wells. III. Ida 8 , born August 13, 1865, at Constable; married, Decem- ber 24, 1889, at Malone, Lawrence Westcott, born February 24, 1866, at Chasm Falls, New York; resides on the original I5o-acre farm of her father, the old homestead, with her mother ; no children. 56. LEMUEL BICKNELL T (Amos 6 , Jonathan*, Ephraim*, Heze- kiah*, Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born March 5, 1836; married, 152 HAPGOOD FAMILY. September 13, 1863, at Fort Covington, New York, Sarah Goodwin, youngest daughter of Asa Clark of North Hero, Vermont. The following notice appeared in a local paper : " Mr. Clark, the oldest member of Centenary Methodist Episcopal church of Malone, died September 8, 1896. Born August 19, 1804, he had passed his ninety-second birthday. He had also reached an unusually advanced age in Christian life and service. The last eighteen years of his life has been spent with his daughter Sarah (Clark) Hapgood, at Malone," whose patience and loving care of her venerable father was most admirable and praiseworthy. Lemuel, with his brother Howard, enlisted in Company D, I42d regi- ment, New York Volunteers, served three years in defence of his country's flag, and honorably discharged, 1865, now receiving a small pension. He is a much esteemed citizen and well-to-do farmer in Malone. His most excellent wife manages her family with good judgment, and has a special pride in the education and training of her children. CHILDREN. I. Carroll Lemuel 8 , born April 30, 1866; married, January 12, 1888, Hattie, daughter of Thomas Thompson of Malone. He also is a respectable tiller of the soil at Malone. CHILDREN. I. Harold Morton?, born November 23, 1888. II. Gertrude Mae 9 , born January 26, 1893; died eight months after. II. Carrie Lucretia 8 , born April 19, 1867 ; drowned in a brook running between the house and barn at Malone, when only three years old. III. Harriet Adeline 8 , born May 28, 1869; graduated from Franklin Academy, June, 1887, and from Pottsdam Normal School, June, 1892; taught school in Orange, New Jersey, and in her native town up to March 23, SEVENTH GENERATION. 153 1897, when she married John Alexander, son of Dun- can and Eliza Grant of Bells Corners, Ontario, born October 14, 1862. His early education was at the public schools of that place. He then entered St. Catherine Collegiate Institute, and after one year he changed for a year in Ottawa Collegiate Institute, then attended the Normal School at Ottawa. After leaving the Normal School he taught a year in Hull Model School, and two years in Alymer Academy. In 1883 he began the study of medicine in the University of the City of New York, from which he was graduated in March, 1887. In July of the same year he com- menced the practice of medicine in Malone, where he has since resided. IV. Sarah Mae 8 , born August i, 1871 ; was graduated from Franklin Academy, Malone, 1889, and the Pottsdam Conservatory of Music with honor, 1892; entered Plattsburg Normal School as teacher, 1892, which position she held up to the time of her marriage, at Malone, March 23, 1897, to Robert Henderson, eldest son of Alfred and Sarah (Wever) Guibord, born in Plattsburg, New York, April 6, 1869. He was gradu- ated from the High School in Plattsburg, 1887. The next year he spent in Wilbraham (Massachusetts) Academy, after which he entered Wesleyan University at Middletown, Connecticut, graduating in 1892. He then opened an insurance office in Plattsburg, which he has conducted successfully up to the present time. He is also a member of the Greydenburgh Pulp Com- pany. V. Howard Clark 8 , born November 17, 1877; was graduated from Franklin Academy, June, 1896, and entered the insurance office of R. H. Guibord, his brother-in-law, in Plattsburg, New York, as a clerk. 57. ALFRED WARREN 7 (Jonathan* \ Joel' 1 ', Shadractf, Shadrach*, Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born November 17, 1841, at the house of his maternal grandparents in Harvard, where his mother 154 HAPGOOD FAMILY. died February 28, 1842, when he was barely three months old. He received the tender and generous care of his grand- mother Pollard until his father married second, April 9, 1843, when he was removed to Ashburnham. He spent much time under the care and supervision of his step-grandmother Hapgood in Harvard, who became much interested in him, and he enjoyed her loving kindness during the remainder of her life. He attended the " Old Mill " district school, and under the patronage of his Uncle Warren, in 1849, ne was sent to the academy in Groton ; but academic honors had no charm for him, and his term was brief and fruitless. Being fond of horses he took to teaming for a livelihood, which he pursued with varying fortune in Harvard, Ayer and Leomin- ster, residing for many years in the latter place. He married, March 3, 1861, in Harvard, Eliza Rebecca, daughter of Henry and Hannah (Giles) Davis, born December 29, 1841, in Lexington, Massachusetts. CHILD. I. Russell Warren 8 , born September 9, 1864, in Harvard; many of the happy days of his childhood were spent with his step great grandmother Hapgood; he had the advantage of a fine district school education ; worked in a shirt factory in Leominster; was captivated by the rage, then prevalent, for cattle-raising, and in 1883 became a herder on a ranch in Wyoming ; some two years' experience as a ranchero satisfied him with life in the " Wild West " ; he retured to Leominster and the factory; married, September 16, 1889, Agnes Gove O'Neil of Brechin, Scotland, born October 12, 1868. CHILD. I. Edna May 9 , born at Leominster, April 30, 1896. SEVENTH GENERATION. 155 58. JONATHAN GARDNER 7 (Jonathan*, Joel 6 , Shadrach*, Shad- rack 3 , Nathaniel*, Shadrach 1 }, born February 10, 1855 ; mar- ried, December 23, 1877, Mary Adaline, daughter of Josiah and Martha Ann Barnard of Harvard, born July 2, 1857, at Watertown, Massachusetts. Resides in Harvard ; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Wesley Gardner 8 , born August 14, 1878, at Harvard; edu- cated in the public schools and Bromfield Academy ; lived with his parents up to 1896, when he entered the Industrial Institute at Springfield, Massachusetts, with a desire to become a practical machinist. II. Edith Elizabeth 8 , born April 15, 1884, at Shirley, Massa- chusetts ; resides with her parents, and attends the public school. 59. CHARLES BUTLER* (Jonathan*, Joel*, Shadrach*, Shadrach 3 , Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born August 21, 1859; married, August 25, 1880, Fannie Augusta, daughter of Henry and Katharine Foster of Harvard, born October 27, 1860, at Ayer, Massachusetts. Charles was educated, like unto most other farmer boys, in the district school, and worked on the farm with his father until his death, 1876. To settle the estate, the farm had to be sold, subject to a claim of the widow of Joel to one half the product or income of the place. In order to protect the interests of the widow of Joel, Warren Hapgood bought the farm, and at the age of seventeen, Charles was placed in charge. For several years he had exhibited considerable skill and judgment in the manage- ment of the farm, which further experience hardly sustained. 156 HAPGOOD FAMILY. His step-grandmother, Charlotte Hapgood, died in 1884, and in 1885 he retired from the management, and the place was let to Asa Burgess for two years, but as there was no prob- ability that any member of the family would succeed to the ownership, the grand old mansion, the venerated home of five generations of the race, with all its hallowed memories and associations, its joys and its sorrows, passed into other hands; at first, November 10, 1888, I. W. Sprague became the owner, and later on the place was sold to Stephen N. Lougee, the present owner, who has made many improve- ments on the estate. Charles took up his abode in Lancaster, where he has resided most of the time since. CHILDREN, born at Harvard. I. Warren Foster 8 , born November 15, 1881. II. Charlotte Augusta 8 , born October 9, 1883. III. Charles Henry 8 , born July 20, 1885. IV. Bertha 8 , born July 3, 1890, and lived only a day. EIGHTH GENERATION. 6O. CYRUS STOWE S (Cyrus 1 , Nathaniel*, Ephraim', Ephraim*, Hesekiah*, Nathaniel 2 , Shadrach 1 }. He was born Novem- ber 23, 1842 ; educated in the public schools of Cambridge, and Chauncey Hall, Boston ; entered the wholesale provision store of Potter & Dinsmore on City wharf, as assistant book-keeper. At the end of the first year he took the posi- tion of book-keeper for S. S. Learnard, 52 Faneuil Hall Market. He did not long remain book-keeper, but was admitted a general partner, which position he has held up to the present time. The firm prospered and became one of the EIGHTH GENERATION. 157 largest of the many large beef dealers in the city. He is a very active business man and one of the leading citizens of Everett, Massachusetts, where he resides. He married, November 25, 1863, at Cambridge, Clara Augusta Conner of Orland, Maine, born October 18, 1842. CHILDREN. I. Clara Learnard 9 , born November 25, 1864; married, April 27, 1887, Charles Hapgood Mead, from New Hampton, New Hampshire; contractor and builder. CHILD. 1. Stanley 10 Mead, born August 31, 1889, at Everett. II. George Henry 9 , born November 19, 1868, in Chelsea; died August 29, 1871. III. Alice 9 , born August 2, 1872, in Chelsea, where she was educated, and graduated from the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston ; travelled extensively in Japan and other countries ; engaged to be united in marriage, April 27, 1898, with Charles Henry Miller, born in Waterford, Connecticut, June 14, 1869. IV. Charles Warren 9 , born April 18, 1875 j graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1896; super- intendent of the Learnard & Bird Oil Company at Brighton, Massachusetts. V. Cyrus Howard 9 , born in Everett, August 27, 1880 ; a student in Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 61. CHARLES ARTHUR 8 (William Salmon 1 , Ephraim*, Oliver 6 , Ephraim*, Hezekiatf, Nathaniel*, Skadrach 1 ), born March 29, 1846 ; married, January 2, 1868, at Stratford, New Hamp- shire, Jennie Vilonia Paguin, born December 9, 1850, at North Danville, Vermont ; resides in Stratford ; an extensive farmer. 158 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. Louisa Jennie 9 , born September 28, 1869; died April 21, 1871. II. Emma Rose 9 , born December 13, 1870; married, June 5, 1889, David Henry Stone, born January 6, 1859, at Stratford, where he resides ; a lumber manufacturer. CHILDREN. 1. Florence 10 Stone, born May i, 1890. 2. Harold David 10 , born October 20, 1893; died November 17, 1893. III. Ella Maud 9 , born November 30, 1872; married, September 24, 1889, at Bloomfield, James Moore, son of Nicholas and Eliza Hagar Stone, born April 16, 1870, at Strat- ford, brother to her sister Emma's husband ; resides in Stratford. CHILDREN. 1. Everett Nicholas 10 Stone, born March 8, 1891. 2. Flora Eliza 10 , born February 27, 1892. 3. Earl James 10 , born July 4, 1895; died July 20, 1895. IV. Arthur Lee 9 , born December 22, 1875; watchman. V. Fred Charles 9 , born December 31, 1878; resides in Stratford. VI. Dora Bell 9 , born September 17, 1881. VII. Edward Leroy 9 , born March 25, 1883. 62. JOHN Guv 8 (Wesley 1 , Cornelius 6 , Jonathan 5 , Ephrainf, Hezekiah*, Nathaniel*, Shadmch 1 ), born October 5, 1862, at Constable; married, December 27, 1883, at Malone, Laura, daughter of William and Sophia (Fletcher) Wells of Brandon, Vermont, born February 23, 1863 ; he was educated in the common school, much after the fashion of his predecessors ; resided with his parents and faithfully performed duty on the large farm till 1889, when his father died, and he took the house and land acquired upon the decease of his Uncle Amos. 5 O o ex EIGHTH GENERATION. 159 In 1893 he dismantled the old house and built a new one near by, which he occupies with his capable and accomplished companion and five bright, healthy boys, no other such family of boys in the entire race of Hapgood, up and down the land, " May his tribe increase," tilling the same soil and reaping the harvests as his great grandfather did, nearly a century before, and may his descendants prosper and flourish as did their worthy ancestors. CHILDREN, all born in Malone. I. Guy Grover 9 , born February i, 1885. II. Willie Wesley 9 born November 5, 1886. III. John Jay 9 , born February 28, 1888. IV. Fay Gilbert 9 , born July 13, 1893. V. Warren Earl 9 , born January 9, 1896. CHAPTER II. SECOND GENERATION. 2. "THOMAS 2 (Shadrach 1 ), born October i, 1669, as well as his brother Nathaniel, began life with considerable means, and, like him, aspired to manorial possessions. According to a reliable tradition, he had been brought up in Concord, and, following the course of the Assabet River, he penetrated the Indian Reservation of Agogonquemeset, consisting of 6,000 acres, which had been purchased of them in 1686 by the planters of Marlboro', and which now forms the north north- eastern part of that town ; here he decided to settle. He, accordingly, purchased of Edmund Rice, February 28, 1694, for 8, a 3O-acre right in the entire tract ; and of John Fay and Nathan Brigham, October 30, 1699, for 17, another 3O-acre right; and of William Ward, December 31, 1706, "for a reasonable sum," another 3O-acre right ; and of Thomas Howe, December 31, 1713, "for a reasonable sum," a 3o-acre right ; and of Jonathan Forbush, April 6, 171 1, "for a reason- able sum," a 3O-acre right, including the first division already made. These five rights enabled him to draw, at subsequent divisions, a great amount of land, and he actually owned and , occupied, in one body, between 500 and 700 acres of the mica-slate formation, several farms of which have remained in the hands of his descendants to this day. The spot where he encamped the first night on arriving upon his land, and the location of his house, was about four miles from his brother's in Stow, two miles south of Feltonville, 40 rods southwest of Round Hill, and four or six rods east of a spring ; it is still pointed out. But these were not his only 160 SECOND GENERATION. 161 purchases, creating foundations for homes and independence to generations of his race. February 21, of the first year of the reign of George I, 1714, he purchased for ^14, of John and Lydia Hanchett of Suffield, Connecticut, their right to 80 acres in an undivided tract of 3,200 acres on the north side of Quinsigamond Pond, which had been granted by the General Court, 1650, to Isaac Johnson, "for ^400, adventured in the common stock" and laid out, 1657, to his executors, Thomas Dudley and Increase Newell, as 4,200 acres, requiring Newell to pay ;io, due to the treasury of the colony.* On these 80 acres he, no doubt, settled his son Thomas, and, April 18, 1738, gave him all the land laid out and to be laid out unto the whole of the fifteenth house lot in Shrewsbury, showing that he had become a proprietor of Shrewsbury. June 21, 1725, he, with five others, quit claimed to Deacon Samuel Wheeler their rights to certain pieces of land in the Haynes farm." {From first edition.'} He seems to have been a quiet and respected citizen, who devoted his energies to business, leaving to others the management of public affairs. He was once chosen select- man. One of the garrison houses in Marlboro' was named for him in 1704, and in 1744 he was chosen on a committee of arbitration between opposing parties, for the location of a church in Southboro'. Tradition reports him and his wife to have been worthy members of the church in Marlboro'. He married, about 1693, at Marlboro', Judith, eldest daugh- ter of John and Judith (Symonds) Barker (married December 9, 1668) of Concord, born September 9, 1671. She died * Mr. Newell died, and the General Court, 1657, ordered the land laid out to his exec- utor, Nathaniel Treadway of Watertown, the grandfather of Thomas Hapgood, who sold it to John and Josiah Haynes of Sudbury, who are presumed to have sold 3,040 of the same to John Goulding of Worcester and Sudbury (see Morse's genealogy of the Gould, ings). The grant was probably reduced 1,000 acres to pay the j10 due to the colony. 162 HAPGOOD FAMILY. August 15, 1/59. The Symonds family first appears on Woburn Records, 1644. Through the courtesy of an accomplished authority on historic-genealogical matters, we received the following note, in reference to the family name of Judith, which had escaped the vigilance of the careful compiler of the first edition. ST. PAUL, Minn., July 22, 1896. W. HAPGOOD, Esq., Dear Sir : Judith Barker was the wife of Thomas Hapgood. Middle- sex Probate Record Docket, No. 571 : Will of John Barker of Concord, Massachusetts, dated March 14, 1710-11, probate April 21, 1718, names " My eldest daughter Judith Hapgood," and Thomas Hapgood and wife Judith, sign a receipt to the Executor in October, 1718, for their share of the estate. Very respectfully yours, (Signed) HENRY P. UPHAM. December 31, 1711, she (Judith) joined with her husband, Thomas Hapgood, in a deed to John Forbush ; acknowledged December 17, 1719; recorded January i, 1720. \Book 21, page 30.] March 18, 1735 (book 36, page 641), Thomas Hapgood of Marlboro', deeds 105 acres in Marlboro' to (his son) John Hapgood of Marlboro', " in consideration of good will and affection." Thomas Hapgood, November 12, 1703, petitioned the General Court for an allowance, alleging that " he having, in 1690, been detached into the service against the Indian enemy, was engaged in the bloody fight near Oyster River, New Hampshire, wherein Captain Noah Wiswell and divers others were slain and wounded ; that he then had his left arm broken and his right hand much shot, so that he endured great pain and narrowly escaped with his life ; that he was thereby much disabled for labor and getting his livelihood ; forced to sell what stock he had acquired before being wounded to maintain himself since, and that in the fight he SECOND GENERATION. 163 was necessitated to leave and lose his arms with which he was well furnished at his own charge." The court granted him .5. , He died October 4, 1764. An English publication had this notice of his death : Died, at Marlboro', New England, in the ninety-fifth year of his age, Mr. Thomas Hapgood. His posterity were very numerous, -viz., nine children, ninety-two grandchildren, two hundred and eight great grand- children, and four great great grandchildren ; in all, three hundred and thirteen. His grandchildren saw their grandchildren and their grand- father at the same time. A double headstone marks their graves in the ancient cemetery in Marlboro'. COPY OF THE WILL OF THOMAS HAPGOOD. In the Name of God amen the Tenth Day of June one Thousand seven Hundred and sixty and in the thirty third year of His Majestys Reign I Thomas Hapgood of Marlborough in the County of Middlesex and Province of the Massachusetts Bay in New England yeoman. Being advanced in age and Infirm in Body But of Perfect mind and memory Thanks be Given to God therefor Calling unto mind the mortal- ity of my Body and knowing that it is appointed for all men once to Dye Do make and ordain this my Last will and Testament that is to say Principly and first of all I give and Reacomend my Soul into the Hands of God that gave it and my Body I Reacomend to the Earth to be Buried in Decent Christian Burial at the Discretion of my Executor Nothing Doubting But at the genaral Resurection I shall Receive the Same again by the mighty Power of God and as Touching such Worldly Estate wherewith it hath Pleased God to Bless me in this Life I Give and Dis- pose of the same in the following manner and form Inprimis I Give and Bequeath to the Heirs of my son Thomas Hap- good Deceased the Sum of Sixteen Pounds to be paid by My Exec- utors hereafter named within three years after my Deceas to be Equaly Divided Between them Itim I give to my son John Hapgood over and above what I have already Given him the Sum of thirty three Pounds Six Shillings and Eight Pence to be paid out of my estate within three years after my decease also one half of my husbandry tools also the one half of my rights in the Indian land propriety Itim I give to my son Joseph Hapgood over and above what I have already given him the sum of thirty three pounds six shillings and eight pence to be paid out of my estate within three years after my decease also I give to my said son Joseph Hapgood his heirs and assigns forever all my part of my dwelling and about two acres of land bounded as 164 HAPGOOD FAMILY. follows Southerly and westerly and northerly by his own land and east- erly by the high way also one half of my Husbandry tools also one half of my rights in the Indian land propriety Itim I give to my daughter Mary the wife of John Wheeler the sum of Sixty Six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence to be paid to her or her heirs by my Executors hereafter named within two years after my decease also one sixth part of my indore moovables after my decease Itim I give to my daughter Sarah Hoar the wife of Benjamin Hoar the sum of sixty six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence to be paid to her or her heirs by my Executors within two years after my decease also I give to her one sixth part of my indoore moovables after my decease Itim I give to the children of my daughter Judith Taylor deceased the sum of sixty six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence to be paid to them or their heirs within two years after my decease also I give them one sixth part of my indoore moovables after my decease Itim I give to my daughter Elisabeth the wife of William Taylor the sum of sixty six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence to be paid to her or her heirs by my Executors within two years after my decease also one sixth part of my indoore moovables after my decase Itim I give to my daughter Hepzibah the wife of Edward Godard the sum of sixty six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence to be paid her or her heirs by my Executors within two years after my decease also one sixth part of my indoore moovables after my decase Itim I give to my daughter Huldah Witherbe the sum of sixty six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence to be paid to her or to her heirs by my Executors within two years after my decease also one sixth part of my indoore moovables Itim my will is that the Rest of my Estate if any there be after the Leagesees afore said and my funeral charges are paid and my just debts if any there be the Rest of my Estate to be equaly divided between all my sons and daughters or their heirs as afore said Itim I like wise constitute make and ordain my two sons John Hap- good and Joseph Hapgood my sole Executors of this my last will and testament and I do hereby utterly disallow revoke and disanull all and every other or former Testaments wills Leagices and bequests and Executors by me in any ways before named willed and bequeathed Ratifying and confirming this and no other to be my last will and testa- ment in witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal the day and year afore written his THOMAS X HAPGOOD (Seal) mark Signed sealed published pronounced and declared by the said Thomas Hapgood as his last will and testament in the presence of us the sub- scribers his JOSEPH X TAYNTOR. JOHN WARREN EZRA How mark October ye 8th 1763 We the Subscribers Being Leagetees in the afore said will are SECOND GENERATION. 165 satisfied with the Leagecies given us therein and Desire the said will may be proved and approved as witness our Hands MARY WHEELER BENJA HOAR SARAH HOAR DAVID TAYLOR STEPHEN FLAGG JUDITH FLAGG ZILLAH TAYLOR !Heir to Elisabeth Taylor one of the heirs to RHODA GODDARD Hephzibah Godard HULDAH WlTHERBE Middlesex SS. Octobr. 31. 1763 Mr Ezra How (who wrote the foregoing instrument) made solemn oath that what the aforenamed Testator gave in this his Will to the Children of his Daughter Judith Taylor He intended that it should be equally divided among them, as he declared to the said Ezra; but that it was a casual omission in him (in writing said Will) that it was not so expressed Sworn before me S. DANFORTH J. PROB Justice of the Peace A true copy. Attest, S. H. FOLSOM Register. His will was proved October 31, 1763, and John having died in the meantime, Joseph, who was his co-executor, acted alone. His estate, exclusive of indoor movables, was inven- toried at ^533. 2s. 3d. He had, in his lifetime, given each of his sons farms. CHILDREN. I. Mary 3 , born October 6, 1694; married, October 17, 1717, John, son of John and Elizabeth (Wells) Wheeler, born August 15, 1695, in Marlboro', who was a son of Thomas and Hannah Wheeler of Concord, in 1661, soon after of Marlboro', who was son of Captain Wheeler of Concord, who went (his son Thomas with him) with Captain Hutchinson and about twenty men (of whom Shadrach Hapgood was one) to treat with the Nipmuck Indians, at Brookfield, in 1675. John Wheeler, first mentioned, in 1718 shared in the first division of land in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, and 166 HAPGOOD FAMILY. was one of the first settlers. There is no record in that town of the death of John Wheeler or his wife. After the birth of their second child they removed from Marlboro' to Shrewsbury, where Mary was admitted to the church in 1730. In 1729 he was chosen one of a committee to assist the town surveyor in laying out undivided lands. He was one of the assessors from 1731 to 1735, and for a part of that time was constable with Lieutenant Eleazer Taylor. In 1743 he held several offices of trust, being precinct (parish) clerk, assessor, one of the precinct committee, and one of a committee of nine to "seat the meeting-house." This first office he held for three years. In 1746 he was moderator of town meeting. He seems to have retired from public life soon after this. He was made ensign in 1735-6. CHILDREN. 1. Cyrus 4 Wheeler, born November 7, 1718, in Marlboro'; married Lois, daughter of Deacon Samuel Wheelock, May I, 1746; they were admitted to the church, 1765. He died in Shrewsbury, February 19, 1782, aged sixty-five. The death of his wife not recorded there. 2. Darius 4 , born December 27, 1719, in Marlboro'. 3. Jonathan 4 , born June 22, 1720, in Shrewsbury. 4. Thomas 4 , born January 5, 1721. 5. Lydia 4 , born March 25, 1722; married William Norcross, November 6, 1741. 6. Josiah 4 , born October 7, 1723; married, February 28, 1744, Elizabeth Bailey. 7. Hezediah 4 , born February 16, 1725; married David Taylor 4 , her cousin, 1746. 8. Martha 4 , born October 2, 1726. 9. Philemon 4 , born April II, 1728; died April 19, 1729. 10. Persis 4 , born October 6, 1729; admitted to the church, 1748; married John Baker, Jr., June 11, 1754- 11. Azubah 4 , born September 3, 1731 ; married Peter Larkin of Lancaster, April 4, 1751. 12. Demaris 4 , born August 17, 1733; married, October 2 5> 1751. John Barr of New Braintree. 13. John 4 , Jr. (Lieutenant), born September 9, 1735, in Shrewsbury; married, April 3, 1760, Jedideh SECOND GENERATION. 167 Bigelow, and with his wife was admitted to the church there in 1765. They "were dismissed in 1 774 to the covenanting brethren in Newfane, Vermont, in order to be formed into a church state there." He was at Fort William Henry at the time of "the memorable and unparalleled massacre of the English and Provincial troops by the Indians in 1757, after its surrender to Montcalm, the French commander." 14. Mary 4 , born October 7, 1737. 15. Hepzibah 4 , born July 16, 1739. II. Sarah 3 , born February 10, 1696; married first, Jonathan Howe, son of Captain Daniel and Elizabeth (Kerley) Howe, born April 23, 1695, and died July 25, 1738, in Marlboro'. (Captain Daniel Howe was born 1658; married Elizabeth Kerley, 1688, and died April 3, 1718. He was a large landholder in Marlboro', Lan- caster and Westboro' ; his property was inventoried at ,1,264. His widow administered upon his estate, and died in 1735.) [Hudson's History of Marlboro 1 .~\ Sarah administered on the estate and gave the following bond (a few words left out as they could not be deciphered). " Know all men by these presents, that we Sarah Howe of Marlborough In ye County of Midlesex widow and [Administratrix] of Jonathan Howe late of Marlboro' aforesaid Deceased and Edward Goddard of Shrews- bury in ye County of Worcester [ ] are held and firmly bound and obliged unto Joseph Wilder Esquire Judge of the Probate of Wills and granting Adminis- tration in Said County In the full sum of one hundred pounds to be paid to ye said Judge or to his Successor in said office or Assigns to ye which payment well and truly to be made we bind ourselves our several & [ ] heirs [ ] and [ ] Jointly and Severally firmly to these presents to hold with [ ] Dated the first day of February A. D. 1742-3. The condition of the above obligation is first that whereas the Said Sarah on her petition to the General Court in Decem- ber 1742 as She was guardian to her children* Sarah, Damaris, Sylvanus, Mellisent, Ichabod, Abigail & Isaac, Children of ye Said deceased was Impowered to make Sale of Said minors interest of land in a certain mortguage or tenement of land lying in town of Shrewsbury whereof Daniel How of Said Shrewsbury died served for the most [***** *]. Signed, " SARAH How EDWARD GODDARD." *The two eldest of the ten children were married, and Abigail had died. 168 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Sarah married second, at Marlboro', Benjamin Hoar of Littleton, Massachusetts, March 4, 1745-6. He was probably a grandson of John Hoar of Concord, sixth son of Daniel, who had eleven children; came early to Littleton and died, 1775. 'Sarah died, and was buried in the old cemetery in Littleton. Her epitaph reads : " Here lies buried the body of Mrs. Sarah Hoar, wife of Deacon Benjamin Hoar, who departed this life, January 16, 1770, in ye 74th year of her age." CHILDREN, all born in Marlboro', by first husband. 1. Solomon 4 Howe, born December 17, 1718; married Mary Howe of Marlboro', about 1738. 2. Elizabeth 4 , born February 2, 1720; married Paul Howe of Paxton, Massachusetts, about 1739. 3. Sarah 4 , born October 25, 1721 ; married, April 10, 1747, Adonijah Church, born October 17, 1710. She died September 8, 1758, and he at Holden, Massachusetts, March 24, 1787. 4. Abigail 4 , born September 20, 1723; died, 1729, in Marlboro'. 5. Damaris 4 , born July 31, 1725; married, January 25, 1743, Stephen, son of Simon and Sarah (Woods) Gates, born August 8, 1718, at Marlboro'; resided in Rutland, Massachusetts, 1749. He died October 5, 1773, an d she, December 3, 1809. 6. Silvanus 4 , born April 6, 1727; married Mary, daughter of Jonathan and Mary (Earle) Rice, born in Worcester, 1737. He died in Peters- ham, 1802. 7. Millicent 4 , born April 20, 1 729 ; married, September 8, 1746, at Marlboro', Alpheus Woods, born February 28, 1727. She died April 16, 1761, and he, December 12, 1794. 8. Ichabod 4 , born January 9, 1731. 9. Abigail 4 , born March 25, 1733. 10. Isaac 4 , born January 27, 1735. III. Judith 3 , born February 24, 1698; married, July 5, 1721, Lieutenant Eleazer, son of Eleazer and Lydia( Barrett) Taylor, born in Marlboro', December 3, 1699, brother to her sister Elizabeth's husband ; they were admitted to the church in Shrewsbury in 1728, and in 1729 were living on house lot No. 43, in that town. He shared SECOND GENERATION. 169 in the first division of land in Shrewsbury in 1718, and he was probably in town as early as 1722, for his eldest child, born that year, is on the Shrewsbury record. His land was in the North Precinct, and in 1843, he, with twelve others, requested that they might be permitted to form a new church in that part of the town. The request was granted, and the next year the wives of these men, and some others, were dismissed from the first church to the second church. In 1743 they pur- chased the burying ground of Eleazer Taylor, and built a meeting-house. In 1720 he was chosen town collector, the first collector chosen in the town. In 1727-28 he was town surveyor. In 1734, one of the three constables chosen. In 1742-43 he was treasurer for the North Precinct, which soon built its church, and in 1746 chose Eleazer Taylor one of the parish committee. His wife died November 8, 1742, and he married second, Hannah, widow of Gershom Flagg, March 26, 1744, and died September 20, 1753. CHILDREN. 1. Nathan 4 Taylor, born February 24, 1722, in Shrews- bury; married, April 10, 1744, Sarah Hale of Harvard, Massachusetts, and died March 30, 1746. 2. David 4 , born September 17, 1723; married, April 8, 1746, Hezediah, daughter of John and Mary 3 (Hapgood) Wheeler. She died December 15, 1754, and he married, second, October 28, 1756, Esther Jones of Marlboro'. He removed to Berlin, Massachusetts, where he died. 3. Micah 4 , born June 15, 1726; died August 9, 1735. 4. Eleazer 4 , born August 26, 1728. 5. Judith 4 , born February 13, 1729; married, 1750, Stephen Flagg. 6. Hannah 4 , born November 17, 1731 ; died February 6, 1756. 7. Huldah 4 , born September 8, 1733; married, 1755, Thomas Drury. 8. Submit 4 , born November 26, 1735. 9. Zillah 4 , born March 15, 1738; married Captain Nathan Howe (his second wife) in 1771, and in 170 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1789 she married Lieutenant Jonas Temple of Boylston (his third wife). 10. Rufus 4 , born August 15, 1740. 11. Elizabeth 4 , born October 27, 1742. IV. Elizabeth 3 , born October 4, 1699; married, November 28, 1717, Sergeant William, son of William and Mary (Johnson) Taylor, born February 15, 1692, in Marl- boro'; probably removed to Shrewsbury, prior to 1720. He lived, as supposed, where Captain Amasa Howe now resides, and was one of the founders of the church in Shrewsbury, to which his wife, Elizabeth, was admitted in 1724. In the first division of land in Shrewsbury, in 1718, William Taylor seems to have had some interest, for 70 acres were granted " to James Gleazon in room of William Taylor." In 1721 he was granted 5 acres "for Satisfaction for 15 acres of land which the said Taylor has alienated to the proprietors of Shrewsbury for to build a meeting-house upon." On the organization of the Shrewsbury militia, he was one of the four first appointed sergeants, a title of more regard at that time than that of colonel has since become. He was chosen in 1 722-23, one of a committee to procure a minister; in 1727-28, he was the first con- stable, and was one of the selectmen, 1731, 1734, 1735 and 1740. He died August 14, 1775, and his wife, March 17, 1763. CHILDREN. 1. Jonah* Taylor, born in Marlboro', 1718; died at Cape Breton, September 8, 1745. 2. Abigail 4 , born in Shrewsbury, March 5, 1720; married first, Moses Hastings, April 25, 1739, and second, Samuel Bigelow, May 7, 1770. 3. Mary 4 , born in Shrewsbury, August 15, 1722; married, January 9, 1740, Hezekiah Rice, who died September 13, 1759. She was admitted to the church, 1744, and died April 25, 1796. 4. Elizabeth 4 , born June 3, 1725; married, November 19, 1741, Solomon Stowe, and resided in Grafton. He died, and she married second, Captain Benjamin Fay, October 28, 1765, and resided in Westborough, Massachusetts. SECOND GENERATION. 171 5. Dinah 4 , born March 12, 1727; married, April 10, 1751, Ross, son of Ensign Seth and Sarah (Ross) Wyman (his second wife), and died November 15, 1759; he was a farmer, kept a tavern, and his descendants still live in the same old house. 6. Eunice 4 , born March 28, 1729; married, June 10, 1748, Daniel Howe, who died July 5, 1750, and she married second, Lieutenant Marshall New- ton, August 13, 1751, and died July i, 1759. 7. Lois 4 , born March 10, 1731 ; died October 15, 1745. 8. Hepzibah 4 , born March 6, 1733; married, Novem- ber 10, 1748, Captain Nathan Howe, born June J 7 I 73- He was an officer in the service at Lake George, in the French war, and aided in building Fort William Henry; in 1776 he com- manded a company in throwing up works on Dorchester heights during the night; from an illness taken there he never recovered. His wife died in June, 1770, and he married second, 1771, Zillah, daughter of Lieutenant Eleazer and Judith 3 (Hapgood) Taylor, cousin of his first wife. He was chosen first lieutenant of the .' First company of militia raised in Shrewsbury, 1774, and died March 21, 1781. 9. Beulah 4 , born October 20, 1736; died October 28, 1745- 10. Mercy 4 , born November 22, 1741 ; baptized same day, and died in infancy. V. Thomas 3 , born April 18, 1702; mamed, August 12, 1724, Damaris Hutchins, and died October 5, 1745. VI. Hepsibeth 3 , born June 27, 1704, in Marlboro'; married, 1822, Edward, son of Edward and Susanna (Stone) Goddard, born in Watertown, Massachusetts, 1697; was among the first settlers of Shrewsbury, and one of the founders of the church; she was admitted in 1728, and died July 19, 1763. He lived on the place of the late Charles H. Fitch, in Shrewsbury, where he died October 13, 1777. CHILDREN, all born in Shrewsbury. 1. Hepzibah 4 Goddard, born February u, 1723; died unmarried, October 7, 1781. 172 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 2. Nathan 4 , born January 18, 1725; married Dorothy Stevens; died February 12, 1806; she died March 30, 1808. 3. Elizabeth 4 , born September 4, 1726; married Daniel Fiske, November 2, 1743. 4. Robert 4 , born August 13, 1728; married, January 8, 1752, Hannah Stone; died June, 1807. 5. David 4 , born September 26, 1730 ; married, October 9, 1753, Margaret Stone of Watertown, born October 14, 1728. 6. Hezekiah 4 , born August 13, 1732; died 1734. 7. Daniel 4 , born February 7, 1734; married, Novem- ber 17, 1756, Mary Willard, born in Grafton, April 3, 1730; died January 13, 1796. 8. Ebenezer 4 , born November 25, 1735; died in infancy. 9. Ebenezer 4 , born December 28, 1736; died Septem- ber 29, 1838; she died December 7, 1820. 10. Rhoda 4 , born February 25, 1740; married, August 24, 1765, Reverend William Goddard, born in Leicester, April 27, 1740; died June 16, 1788. 11. Miriam 4 , born April 30, 1742; died November 8, 1755- 12. Edward 4 , born March 12, 1745; married, Novem- ber i, 1769, Lois How. He died October 13, 1811. 4 VII. John 3 , born February 9, 1706-7; married at Marlboro', Abigail Morse. VIII. Huldah 3 , born February 10, 1709; married (according to the records of Southborough), November 8, 1737, Caleb Witherby. The record reads: "Born unto Joseph Witherby & Elizabeth, his wife on ye fifth of January, 1700-1701, a Son named Caleb Witherby." His children's births are entered Witherbe. As the children married they gave the name, Witherbee. Huldah was Caleb's second wife, the first being, according to Hudson's History of Marlboro 1 , "Caleb Witherbee, born January 5, 1701 ; married, January 26, 1726, Joanna Wheeler." His will mentions other children than those recorded as by his second wife. (The loss of a portion of the page that should give the years of birth of the last six children of Huldah, is SECOND GENERATION. 173 most unfortunate.) In Caleb Witherbe's will, dated November 28, 1757, he makes bequests to all his sons then living. The estate was not settled until 1774. An inventory, being dated April 18, 1774, was signed : " HULDAH WlTHERBEE JOHN WlTHERBEE ZACHEUS WITHERBEE." CHILDREN. 1. Thomas* Witherby, born November 7, 1739; mar - ried, April 14, 1757, Anna Berry, who died at Southborough, December 26, 1760, and he died two days later. 2. David 4 , born April 30, 1741; died December 15, 1760. 3. Shadrach 4 , born December 31, 1744; went to Canada, 1 760, and not further reported. 4. Nathan 4 , born June 3, ; married, May 30, 1769, at Marlboro', Patience, daughter of Robert and Lydia Baker, born February 23, 1743. 5. John 4 , born October 20, ; married, May 5, 1767, Mary Newton. 6. Ephraim 4 , born June 8, . 7. Zacheus 4 , born December 27, I752(?); married, July 15, 1773, Sarah Snow. 8. Huldah 4 , born May 7, ; died September 13, 1760. 9. Joseph 4 , born January r, ; died December u, 1765. All of Huldah's children born in South- borough. IX. Joseph 3 , born October 2, 1714; married, April 26, 1739, Mary Brooks of Concord. THIRD GENERATION. 3. CAPTAIN THOMAS* (Thomas 2 , Shadrack 1 ), born April 18, 1702; married, August 12, 1724, Damaris Hutchins of Marl- boro', born March 12, 1705, and had a numerous family, who 174 HAPGOOD FAMILY. settled in Shrewsbury, Petersham, and other towns in Wor- cester County, some of whom became quite distinguished. He settled in Shrewsbury, where he received from his father, June 30, 1725, a lot of 105 acres of Haynes' farm, 6 acres of meadow in Saybrook, i acre 45 rods in Great Brummit, and probably an interest in Poquaog, now Athol. February 2, 7125-6, he exchanged 4 acres of the Haynes' farm with Ebenezer Bragg, and sold for 17. IDS., to Nathan Wait of Poquaog, March 29, 1743, a lot in Poquaog. He died intestate, October 5, 1745, and his widow was appointed administratrix, and guardian to Damaris, John, David and Eunice, his youngest children. His estate was inventoried November 25, 1745, at .4,998. 8s., consisting of his home place, live-stock, 16 acres of meadow in Saybrook, outlands in Shrewsbury, lands in and adjoining Poquaog, and a lot of rights in Housatonic. To Asa, the homestead was assigned ; to Seth, 220 acres on the north line of Poquaog; to Joab, a right to draw 300 acres; to John, the rights at Housatonic ; to the daughters, 5 lots of the outlands were assigned ; Asa being required to pay considerable sums to each of his brothers and sisters. The estate was com- pletely settled and assigned, May 15, 1751. Captain Thomas removed, early in life, to Shrewsbury, where he became a leading citizen. He was constable in 1729; selectman, 1731 to 1740, most of the time; surveyor of highways, 1732; treasurer from 1735 to the time of his death, October 5, 1745. At a town meeting, November, 1745, his successor was chosen, and "a committee to look into the accounts of the deceased " was appointed. In March, 1746, the committee reported: "Settled accounts with the administratrix of the late Thomas Hapgood, late THIRD GENERATION. 175 Precinct Treasurer ; we find that there is due to the heirs of the said treasurer, the sum of ^3. 8s. 5d. Old Tenor." He was chosen parish treasurer after the "setting off" of the north parish in 1743. This parish became Boylston in 1786. It is evident from the records that he was a man of sound judgment, and one who was highly esteemed by his fellow- townsmen, being often chosen to conduct matters demanding careful and wise consideration. His widow, Damaris, died June 7, 1793, aged eighty-eight ; a very superior woman. CHILDREN. I. Ephraim 4 , born April 28, 1725; died September i, 1739, ' n Shrewsbury. II. Solomon 4 , born September 20, 1726; died July 20, 1740. 6 III. Asa 4 , born December 6, 1728; died December 23, 1791, at Barre ; married Anna Bowker, or Bouker. IV. Elijah 4 , born January 16, 1731 ; died October 5, 1745. 7 V. Seth 4 , born October 20, 1732; died April 23, 1804; mar- ried, May 31, 1757, Lydia Bowker. 8 VI. Joab 4 , born January 21, 1735; married Abigail Stone. VII. Damaris 4 , born March 12, 1737; married, February 12, 1756, Gideon, son of Captain Daniel and Esther (Cloyes) Howe, born March 15, 1732, and lived on the place now improved for the support of the town's poor. He died February 8, 1815 ; the death of his wife is not on record. CHILDREN. 1. Lucretia 5 Howe, born June 10, 1756; married, March 25, 1778, Artemas, son of Cyrus and Lois Wheelock, born December 5, 1748. 2. Solomon 5 , born October 21, 1758 ; married Rebecca Jennison, 1784. 3. Esther 5 , born September i, 1760; married, April 12, 1784, Reuben, son of Ephraim and Thankful (Howe) Holland, born in Shrewsbury, November 29. 1755- 4. Charlotte 5 , born May 6, 1762; married, January 4, 1781, Reuben, son of Thomas and Eunice Baker (second wife), born in Shrewsbury, baptized 176 HAPGOOD FAMILY. March 14, 1756. He died before 1812, and she, before 1789. 5. John Hapgood 5 , born October 8, 1764; married, September 3, 1787, Sarah, daughter of Aaron and Dinah (Wheeler) Smith, born in Shrewsbury, March 21, 1765. He died Januarys, 1839, and she, March 12, 1814. 6. Damaris 5 , born November i, 1765; married, June 24, 1792, Joseph Brooks, son of Samuel and Mary (Hey wood) Jennison, born January 5, 1756; removed from Shrewsbury, before 1830, to Wor- cester, where he became a prominent business man. 7. Daniel 5 , born March 13, 1769; married, about 1789, in Newfane, Vermont, Hannah Hall, born about 1767. He died at Shrewsbury, January 10, 1806, and she at Worcester, March 15, 1840. 8. Alvan 5 , born May 12, 1772. 9. Eunice 5 , born November 15, 1774; married, Sep- tember 24, 1797, at Shrewsbury, Joseph Cloyes, housewright, born in Framingham, Massachu- setts, and died 1799. 10. Lyman 5 , born June i, 1777; married, March 25, 1802, Sylvia, daughter of George and Tabitha Slocomb, born at Medfield, Massachusetts, Sep- tember 13, 1778. He died at Shrewsbury, November 19, 1853, and she at same place, November 2, 1856. 11. Relief 5 , born April 14, 1784; married, May 13, 1802, Doctor Seth Knowlton, son of Deacon William and Hannah (Hastings) Knowlton of Shrewsbury, born May 11, 1781. He died April 12, 1832, and his widow died May 5, 1862. VIII. John*, born September 12, 1739; died February 17, 1761, unmarried, leaving ^180. 95. His mother adminis- tered. IX. David 4 , born February 2, 1742; died October 26, 1745. X. Eunice 4 , born August 17, 1744; married, April 20, 1767, Ebenezer Hartshorn of Athol, Massachusetts. THIRD GENERATION. 177 JOHN 3 (Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born February 9, 1706-7; settled on the northwesterly part of the homestead in Marl- boro', March 18, 1735. He received from his father (Book 36, Page 641) 105 acres in Marlboro', "in consideration of good will and affection." May 22, 1751, he bought for ;8o, of Eliphalet Howe, 30 acres, partly in Holden and partly in Rutland, and, December 3, 1756, resold the same to him for ;io6. He bought, with Asa Hapgood, for ^131, of John Morss, 80 acres in Shrewsbury, September 17, 1754, and sold, August 28, 1760, for 26, to William Brewer, Jr., 22 acres in Shrewsbury. April 3, 1762, he made his will, bequeathing to his wife, Abigail, the improvement of all his homestead lands until his son John should be of age, after which he should have the improvement of one half of the same during life, and all his personal estate forever, she paying all his debts and funeral charges. To his son John he gave two thirds of his homestead, lands, and buildings, and the possession of one third at the age of twenty-one years, and of the other one third after the death of his mother ; but, if he died in his minority, his brother Jonathan should succeed to his bequest. To his son Jonathan he gave one third of his homestead, to be sold at the discretion of his wife, to give him a liberal education at college ; but, if he died in his minority, this bequest should go to John ; and if she died during the minority of these sons, his eldest then living should succeed to the trust committed to her. To his daughter Mary Brooks, to whom he had already given ^39, he bequeathed 2os. ; to his daughters, Judith, Hazediah, Hepzibah, and Abigail, each ^40, to be raised by the sale of a part of his outlands, and the remainder of said lands to be 178 HAPGOOD FAMILY. equally divided between his five daughters. He made his wife, Abigail, executrix. Will proved June 14, 1762. He married, February 17, 1731, Abigail, daughter of Jona- than and Mary (Stow) Morse of Marlboro'. He was one of the Alarm list attached to Captain Weeks' company in 1757, when threatened by the French and Indians ; selectman, 1745, 1749, 1753, 1755, 1757, and a man of influence. He died May 26, 1762. His wife Abigail was born May 12, 1712; died March 31, 1798. CHILDREN. I. Jonathan 4 , born February 12, 1732; died December 14, 1736. II. David 4 , born July 4, 1734; died January 5, 1737. III. Abigail 4 , born January 16, 1737; died August 9, 1739. IV. Mary 4 , born June 4, 1740; married, November 24, 1757, Charles Brooks ; resided in Princeton. CHILDREN. 1. Lydia 5 Brooks, born September it, 1759. 2. Persis 5 , born January 4, 1762. 3. Mary 5 , born November 13, 1764. V. Judith 4 , born November 8, 1742; married, May 2, 1764, Solomon Barnes, born June 20, 1740; resided in Marl- boro'. She died April 19, 1820. He died 1830, aged ninety years. CHILDREN. 1. Katherine 5 Barnes, born July 27, 1765; married, November 26, 1783, Ithamar Brigham. 2. William 5 , born September 3, 1766; married, 1788, Elizabeth Brigham. 3. Samuel 5 , born 1772; died September 10, 1776. 4. Daniel 5 , born August 22, 1775; married, 1795, Louisa Howe. VI. Hazadiah 4 , born July 7, 1745 ; married, May 20, 1766, John Nourse ; resided at Bolton, Massachusetts. VII. Persis 4 , born July 19, 1748; died November 10, 1748. THIRD GENERATION. 179 VIII. Hepzibah 4 , born June 5, 1749; married, May 30, 1769, Jonas Howe, born June 10, 1739, a * Marlboro'; resided at Rutland. 9 IX. John 4 , born October 8, 1752; married, January 5, 1775, Lois Stevens. X. Abigail 4 , born August 13, 1755; married, September 15, 1772, Thomas Rice of Marlboro', born 1789; died October 28, 1840. She died April, 1828. CHILDREN. 1. Lydia 5 Rice, born May 26, 1778; married John Carruth ; resided at Northboro'. 2. Nancy 5 , born September 11, 1780; married, 1804, Abel Maynard; died, gored by an ox. 3. Catharine 5 , born July 9, 1783; married, 1806, Jotham Bartlett. 4. Jonathan 5 , born November 30, 1786; married, March 23, 1809, Betty Brigham. 5. Levi 5 , born June 23, 1789; married, September 15, 1811, Lucinda Bigelow. 6. Lucy 5 , born June 13, 1792 ; died July II, 1796. 7. Willard 5 , born September 7, 1794; married, 1815, Anna Barnes. 8. Solomon 5 , born September 3, 1799; married first, 1836, Mary H. Perkins, who died 1840, and he married second, Nancy Cunningham. 10 XI. Jonathan 4 , born May 16, 1759; married, May 6, 1783, Jerusha Gibbs. 5. JOSEPH' (Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born October 2, 1714; inherited the homestead of his father, with the east half of his spacious farm in Marlboro' ; selectman, 1758, 1763, 1764, 1766, 1767 ; assessor, 1766, and was a prominent and leading 180 HAPGOOD FAMILY. citizen ; died intestate, June 5, 1767, while administering on the estate of his brother Thomas, late of Marlboro' ; and his wife Mary, July 28, 1767, was appointed administratrix, who concluded the settlement of both estates, November i, 1768. Her husband's estate was inventoried at .387. 8s. xod. He married, April 26, 1739, Mary, daughter of Hugh and Abigail (Barker) Brooks, born in Concord, July n, 1714; died, his widow, September 15, 1807, at the advanced age of ninety- three, beloved, honored and respected. CHILDREN. I. Abigail 4 , born October 12, 1741; died December 10, 1746. II. Thomas 4 , born August 29, 1743; died December 16, 1745. III. Jonathan 4 , born November 3, 1 745 ; died December 17, 1746. 11 IV. Thomas 4 , born November 13, 1747; married, December 16, 1773, Lucy Woods. 12 V. Joseph 4 , born January 23, 1754; married Ruth Jackson. He died May 18, 1818. VI. Mary 4 born August 6, 1756; married, June 21, 1773, Francis Howe, born June 26, 1750; died February 28, 1833. CHILDREN. 1. Joseph 5 Howe, born November 7, 1773; died August 12, 1775. 2. Francis 5 , born January 7, 1776. 3. Lewis 5 , born February 3, 1778. 4. Ezekiel 5 , born July 30, 1780. 5. Thomas 5 , born December 2, 1883. 6. Polly 5 , born June 10, 1786; married, October 25, 1811, Aaron Cutter. 7. Lucy 5 , born October 21, 1788; married James Woods 5 Hapgood (31). 8. Lydia 5 , born February 23, 1791 ; married, 1823, Nathaniel A. Bruce. 9. Lambert 5 , born August 12, 1795 ; married Charlotte Barnes. 10. Abigail B. 5 , born February 28, 1810. FOURTH GENERATION. 181 FOURTH GENERATION. 6. LIEUTENANT ASA* (Thomas 3 , Thomas 1 , Shadrach*), born in Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, December 6, 1728 ; married, December 6, 1750, Anna, daughter of Asa Bowker (or Bouker) of Swedish origin, born September 4, 1728 ; died June 4, 1795. He settled upon the homestead left him by his father, but was required to pay to each of his brothers and sisters con- siderable sums. He seems to have disposed of the home lot to his brother Joab, about 1754, and to have removed to Rutland District, now Barre, which was incorporated 1753. April 1 6, 1765, he, with his wife, signed a quitclaim, in favor of Charles Bowker, to her interest in the estate of Asa Bowker, late of Shrewsbury, and other quitclaims to Charles Bowker, August 26, 1765, in favor of Ebenezer and Eleazer Rice. The meadow in Shrewsbury, which he bought for 47, March 5, 1753, may have been included in these quit- claims. About 1763, he began to be identified as one of the leading men of the Rutland District. On the 23d of Febru- ary, 1773, a town meeting was called, "to consider of a Cir- cular Letter from the town of Boston, concerning the State and Rights of the Province." The letter was referred to a committee, of which Asa Hapgood was one. The grave questions then agitating the colony, made it important to the district to be represented in the General Court. The warrant for a town meeting, issued March 15, 1773, had this article : " To see if the District will petition the Great and General Court to be set off as a town, or to act anything relative thereto." Asa Hapgood was placed upon the com- mittee to present the petition. Passed, to be enacted, at Salem, June 14, and signed by the Governor, June 17, 1774. 182 HAPGOOD FAMILY. He was chosen chairman of the "Committee of Safety," 1775, and as chairman of the "Committee of Correspondence," and Board of Selectmen of the Rutland District. He had great influence in reorganizing the militia. In April, 1779, it was voted by the Legislature to call a convention of delegates of the towns to meet at Cambridge on the first of September following, for the express purpose of framing a form of government. In this important convention, Barre was represented by those clear-sighted and trusty men, always foremost when any grave public service was to be rendered, John Mason, Esquire, Lieutenant Andrew Parker, and Lieutenant Asa Hapgood. [See Centennial address of Reverend J. W. Thompson, D. D., at Barre, June 17, 1874, for the above.] He appears, with rank of private, on muster and pay rolls of Captain William Henry's company, Colonel Whitney's regiment, for service at Rhode Island on the Alarm of ; time of enlistment, May 3, 1777; discharged July 5, 1777; belonged to Barre. He enlisted, September 2, 1777, in Cap- tain Benjamin Nye's company, Colonel James Wilder's regi- ment ; discharged September 1 8, 1 777. He died December 23, 1791, at Barre. CHILDREN. I. Levinah 5 , born February 16, 1752 ; died, unmarried, at Barre. II. Thomas 5 , born March 22, 1753 ; appears with rank of ser- geant on muster and pay roll of Captain James Mirick's company, Colonel Josiah Whitney's regiment (under Lieutenant-Colonel Ephraim Sawyer, Jr.); time of enlistment, October 2, 1777; time of discharge, October 28, 1777; time of service, twenty-five days; town to which he belonged, Bolton or Princeton; marched to reinforce General Gates at Saratoga. [Massachusetts Archives.'} Removed to Reading, Vermont; was chosen her first representative in 1780; town clerk, FOURTH GENERATION. 183 1781, 1782, 1783, 1784; selectman and town treasurer, 1784; returned to Massachusetts, 1788-90, and spent the remainder of his life in Hubbardston; was one of the selectmen, 1795 to 1797, and was on a list of two hundred and six persons who died in that town over eighty years old. He married Hannah Sawyer, of Reading, where his widow, in 1838, sued for a pension. No children. III. Betsey 5 , born May 6, 1754; married, October 19, 1769, John Jones. IV. Sophia*, born April 6, 1756; married Lyman, son of John and Prudence (Wilder) Wilder, born July 12, 1744, at Petersham. She died September 24, 1799. CHILDREN. 1. John 6 Wilder, born 1780, at Petersham; married Betsey Bent. Asa 6 , born . Nahum 6 , born 1791 ; married, November 21, 1818, at Windsor Locks, Connecticut, Laura Powers, born January 30, 1799. He was a soldier in the War of 1812, and died at Rock Hill, Connecticut, August 22, 1839, a farmer. She died December 18, 1879; had six children. 4. Prudence 6 , born ; married John Grout of Petersham ; had four children. 13 V. David 5 , born May 10, 1/57, died July 3, 1829; married Sally Myrick. 14 VI. Asa 5 , born November 25, 1759; married Jennie Bowker. VII. John 5 , born May 10, 1761 ; died July 23, 1778. VIII. Anna 5 , born October 27, 1764; died April 17, 1766. IX. Windsor 5 , born December 10, 1767: married; resided at Hubbardston, where he was instantly killed, Decem- ber 24, 1829; no children. 15 X. Artemas 5 , born March 15, 1769; married Polly Rice; died October 3, 1846. 7. DEACON SETii 4 (T/wmas 3 , Thomas' 2 , SJiadracJi 1 }, born Octo- ber 20, 1732; purchased land and removed to Petersham in 184 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1756, where, October 10, 1760, for ^33. 45., he sold to Nathan Goddard, a farm adjoining Poquaog (Athol), lying by the southwest corner of Royall Shire (Royalston), and April 16 and August 26, 1765, he, with his wife, signed quitclaims to her interest in the estate of Asa Bowker, late of Shrewsbury. He married, May 31, 1757, Lydia, daughter of Asa and Martha (Eager) Bowker, born December 6, 1733, in Shrews- bury ; died October 9, 1813. He died April 23, 1804. CHILDREN. I. Damaris 5 , born May 15, 1758; married, March 15* 1782, at Petersham, Judge William Bigelow of Guilford, Ver- mont. He was the son of Jotham and Mary (Richard- son) Bigelow of Holden, Massachusetts, where he was born February 20, 1751 ; when a small boy he moved with his parents to Guilford; he was a prominent man ; early chosen town clerk ; was a selectman several years ; represented his town in the State Legislature ; for a period of twenty years was Judge of Windham County Court. He died October 14, 1814; she died May 9, 1846, at Bainbridge, New York. CHILDREN. 1. William 6 Bigelow, born January 26, 1783; married Lucretia Ashcroft. They resided in Guilford, where he was a well-known citizen, and honored with the title of Captain. He died October 15, 1848; had six children. 2. Levi 6 (Honorable), born February 25, 1785; mar- ried, February 23, 1814, Hannah G. Goodrich; settled in Bainbridge, where he became promi- nent. He was Judge of Chenango Common Pleas and County Court for a period of twenty- two years, and served his county in the State Assembly ; had seven children. 3. Rebecca 6 , born July 24, 1787; married, April i, 1810, Salmon Sheldon of Leyden, Massachusetts; died August 7, 1858. He died February 18, 1862; had nine children. FOURTH GENERATION. 185 4. Asa 6 , born January 21, 1790; married Eliza Brown- ing of North Adams, Massachusetts ; had four children. 5. Damaris 6 , born May 9, 1792; married, October 31, 1816, Daniel Garrett of Bainbridge. 6. Betsey 6 , born August i, 1795; married, Daniels; resided in New York. 7. Joseph 6 , born October 22, 1798; died at Catskill, New York, about 1828; unmarried. II. Catharine 5 , borri October 22, 1759; died October 21, 1843, at Petersham. III. Lydia 5 , born May 14, 1761 ; died March 29, 1829; married, February 8, 1789, Jonas Bond of Maine. CHILDREN. 1. Newell 6 Bond, born . 2. Thomas 6 , born ; resided in Cleveland, Ohio. 16 IV. Hutchins 5 , born April 14, 1763; married Betsey Grout. V. Lucinda 5 , born January 16, 1765; married, June 16, 1791, at Petersham, Captain John Fitch of Guilford, Ver- mont. She died July 18, 1820. 17 VI. Solomon 5 , born December 30, 1766; married Azuba Burt. VII. Lucretia 5 , born September 19, 1768; died May u, 1789; unmarried. 18 VIII. Eber s , born August 5, 1770; died July 6, 1851; married Dolly Grout. 19 IX. Oliver 5 , born September 26, 1772; married, November 10, 1799, Lucy Smith, and second, 1810, Anna Chapman. X. Eunice 5 , born July 22, 1774; married, February 17, 1797, Deacon Guy Bridgman of Hinsdale, Vermont; resided in Kendall, New York. XI. Levi 5 , born June 8, 1775; died October 12, 1776. 20 XII. Levi 5 , born December 6, 1778; married, September, 1823, Anna (Chapman) Hapgood. 8. JoAB 4 (Thomas 3 , Thomas 1 , Shadrach*}, born January 21, 1735. He was at Petersham, October 14, 1765, where he bought of Joseph Hudson, April 29, 1765, for ,170,41 acres, 186 HAPGOOD FAMILY. with house and barn, and 26 acres; October 5, 1765, sold for ,200, to Ephraim Whitney, 41 acres in the northern part and 26 acres in the northeastern part of Petersham. He, before and subsequently, lived in Shrewsbury, on the homestead, about one mile southwest of the meeting-house, which was possessed after him by his son Ephraim. He married, June 20, 1765, Abigail, daughter of Lieutenant Isaac and Elizabeth (Brown) Stone, born at Shrewsbury, December 9, 1735. Lieutenant Isaac Stone was a member of the first board of selectmen in Shrewsbury, and a leading man in town, church and parish affairs. Joab died March 21, 1803, and his widow, November 28, 1804. CHILDREN. I. Lucy 5 , born June 25, 1766; died August 23, 1851, in Spencer; unmarried. 21 II. Ephraim 5 , born March i, 1768; died December 15, 1843; married Elizabeth Cunningham Allen. III. David 5 , born November 25, 1769; died unmarried, Septem- ber 1 8, 1829. IV. Nahum 5 , born October 7, 1771 ; died October 9, 1789. 22 V. Elijah 5 , born November 10, 1773; died July 22, 1853; married Eunice Baker. VI. Stephen 5 , born December 14, 1775; died August 19, 1778. VII. Martha 5 , born March i, 1778; died September i, 1778. 9. JOHN* (John*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born October 8, 1752. Settled in Marlboro' in sight of his cousin, Joseph Hapgood, who married Ruth Jackson. He married, January 5, 1775, Lois Stevens, who died April 10, 1776, aged twenty-one, leaving an infant, two months old, and he married second, February 7, 1782, Lucy Munroe of Lincoln, Massachusetts. FOURTH GENERATION. 187 He died February 10, 1835, and Lucy died July 25, 1835, aged seventy-eight. CHILDREN. 23 I. John 5 , born February 9, 1776 (by first wife); married, October 29, 1799, Betsey Temple. 24 II. Benjamin 5 , born March 9, 1783 (by second wife); married, August 30, 1805, Ann Whitman of Stow. III. Lois 5 , born October 20, 1785, at Marlboro'; married Fred- erick Turner. IV. Henry 5 , born November 24, 1787; married, July 6, 1809, Catharine Conant of Dedham, Massachusetts, who died April 5, 1859, aged seventy-three; Henry died October 29, 1861, aged seventy-four; resided in Hingham. CHILDREN. I. Jane M. 6 , born 1810; died August 27, 1890. II. Adaline R. 6 , born 1812; died December 9, 1846. III. Henry M. 6 , born 1814; died November, 1844. IV. Catharine A. 6 , born 1817; died October 27, 1834. V. Lucy Ann 6 , born 1819; died December 5, 1845. V. Hannah 5 , born December 27, 1789; married Ebenezer Kenfield of Boston, born March 18, 1795 ; died Novem- ber 13, 1880; she died June 24, 1849. CHILDREN. 1. William Frederick 6 Kenfield, born August 13, 1822. 2. Sarah J. 6 , born April 17, 1830. VI. Mary 5 , born March 5, 1792; died ; unmarried. VII. Elizabeth 5 , born June 23, 1794; died June 6, 1880, at Hudson ; unmarried. VIII. Sarah 5 , born September 26, 1796; died June 7, 1874, at Hudson; unmarried. 10. DEACON JONATHAN* (John 3 , Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born May 1 6, 1759 ; married, May 6, 1783, Jerusha Gibbs, born in Marlboro', 1762; died March 2, 1842. He was elected 188 HAPGOOD FAMILY. deacon of the first church, 1821, and died April 12, 1849; a farmer. CHILDREN. 25 I. David 5 , born June i, 1783; married, September 24, 1805, Abigail Russell. II. Persis 5 , born May I, 1785; married, July 21, 1803, Benja- min Rice, born July 8, 1774, at Marlboro'; was gradu- ated from Harvard College, 1796 ; Deacon of the West church and a magistrate ; died September 24, 1833. His wife died January 4, 1821. CHILDREN. 1. Persis 6 Rice, born January 5, 1804; married (as second wife) Reverend Seth Alden. 2. Susanna W. 6 , born August 16, 1805; married, 1827, Lewis Bigelow. 3. Benjamin P. 6 , born July 7, 1808; married Deborah Carrico. 4. Elizabeth 6 , born December 28, 1810. 5. George 6 , born June 4, 1813 ; died at Worcester, June 30, 1847. 6. John 6 , born November 10, 1815. 7. Mary C. 6 , born August 21, 1818. 26 III. Nathaniel 5 , born September 14, 1787; married, May 22, 1808, Elizabeth Barber. IV. Abigail 5 , born February 4, 1790; married Josiah Oilman of Tamworth, New Hampshire ; removed from that place some years ago; had four sons, but not further reported. 27 V. Francis 5 , born August 2, 1792; married, 1814, Dorcas Willis. VI. Jerusha 5 , born December 13, 1794; married Reverend Elisha Perry of Paxton, Massachusetts. Had three children, two boys and one girl, names not given. VII. Hepsibeth 5 , born June 20, 1798; married, December 3, 1818, Moses Barnes of Marlboro', born June 28, 1789; died February 17, 1875. She died May 4, 1865. CHILDREN. 1. Martha 6 Barnes, born December 20, 1818 ; married, April 17, 1861, Henry Williams of Marlboro'; died April, 1876. FOURTH GENERATION. 189 2. Jerusha 6 , born September 24, 1820; married, Decembers, 1848, Artemas Walcott of Stow; died August, 1892. 3. Eda 6 , born February 9, 1823; married, Novem- ber 2, 1849, Annie C. Tarbell of St. Albans, Vermont. She died February 4, 1892; he, January 4, 1895 ; a farmer. 4. Lucy Eager 6 , born December 10, 1824; married, May 4, 1852, Henry Williams of Marlboro'. She died January 20, 1860; he, April, 1876. 5. Rebecca 6 , born April 21, 1830; died January 31, 1835- 6. Rebecca Hapgood 6 , born September I, 1836; mar- ried, January 3, 1864, Charles H. Dalrymple, born September 9, 1828, at Hubbardston, Mas- sachusetts. He died December 28, 1892. She resides in Marlboro'. 7. Joseph Weeks 6 , born September 19, 1838 ; married, December 25, 1866, Emma J. Warren, born at Weathersfield, Vermont, August 5, 1842; grad- uated from Springfield, (Vermont) Seminary ; died June 28, 1897; resided in Marlboro', a car- penter. VIII. Moses*, born April n, 1801 ; died April 15, 1805. IX. Ann Gibbs 5 , born March i, 1803; married, December 30, 1830, Collins S. Cole of Wellfleet, Massachusetts, born 1803. In early life he went to sea, as most of the young men of Cape Cod did in those days, and rose to the position of Shipmaster. As our commercial marine began to feel symptoms of decay, he aban- doned the sea-going life, and went into mercantile business, 1841, which he pursued up to the time of his death, May 30, 1868. He represented his town in the Legislature, and held various other offices of trust and responsibility in the town. His wife, before marriage, was a school teacher; died May n, 1882, leaving one daughter, Julia A. Cole, who married Samuel Atwood of Wellfleet, and is still living. X. Hannah s , born August 10, 1805; died 1807. 190 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 11. COLONEL THOMAS* (Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born November 13, 1747; married, December 16, 1773, Lucy, daughter of James and Hepsibeth Woods, born September 14, 1747. He appears on the muster rolls as private in William Morse's company, Colonel Jonathan Reade's regi- ment; enlisted October 2, 1777, discharged November 8, 17775 term of service, one month, seven days. This com- pany of volunteers marched to assist General Gates, under resolve of September 22, 1777, belonged to Marlboro'. He rose to rank of colonel in the militia at Marlboro', where he resided, and died September 13, 1822; his widow died July 25, 1825. CHILDREN. 28 I. Aaron 5 , born September 18, 1774; married Sarah Carr of Sudbury. He died about 1844, at Stow. 29 II. Thomas 5 , Jr., born August 24, 1776; married, June 27, 1803, Mary Witt. III. Abigail 5 , born April 10, 1779; married, June 23, 1798, Thomas Whitney of Marlboro', born June 15, 1777. CHILDREN. 1. Lucy 6 Whitney, born September 8, 1798. 2. William Hapgood 6 , born July 5, 1800. IV. William 5 , born November 20, 1780 ; died young. V. James 5 , born January 15, 1784; died June 19, 1784. 30 VI. Asa 5 , born April 13, 1785; married, 1812, Phebe, daughter of Jonah Rice, born February 3, 1789. 31 VII. James Woods 5 , born April 21, 1787; married, October 26, 1814, Lucy 5 Howe, born October 21, 1788. 12. JOSEPH* (Joseph, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born January 23, 1754; married, 1777, Ruth Jackson, born July 31, 1759; FOURTH GENERATION. 191 died February 8, 1839; resided in Marlboro'; he died May 18, 1818. CHILDREN. 32 I. Josiah 5 , born March 7, 1779,31 Marlboro'; married, May 29, 1806, Elizabeth Maynard, born February 7, 1783. II. Mary 5 , born November 20, 1780; married, October 19, 1803, Ethan Darling of Marlboro', born March 13, 1780. She died July 2, 1868. III. Sarah 5 , born March 25, 1783; married, March 23, 1806, William Wesson. She died July 6, 1869. 33 IV. Joseph 5 , born November 17, 1784; married, November 26, 1807, at Bolton, Massachusetts, Mrs. Susanna May- nard, born May i, 1785 ; died April i, 1860. 34 V. Jonathan 5 , born December 26, 1786; married, 1813, Betsey Priest. VI. Ruth 5 , born November 2, 1788; married, May 7, 1807, John Osborn. 35 VII. Isaac 5 , born March 8, 1791; married, September 2, 1817, Abigail Green of Ashby. VIII. Lucy 5 , born May 12, 1793; married, October 4, 1809, Asa Bigelow of Marlboro', born January 19, 1791. She died May 13, 1828. IX. Lydia 5 , born July 9, 1795; married Ezekiel Davis, and died July 25, 1826. X. Caty 5 , born November 15, 1797; married (published March 6, 1818), Abraham Ray. She died April 18, 1833. XI. Joel 5 , born September 20, 1801 ; died at Niagara, January 19, 1846; unmarried. XII. Judith 5 , born October 14, 1803; died August 23, 1820. FIFTH GENERATION. 13. DAVID*, Esquire (Asa 4 , Thomas?, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born May 10, 1757; was distinguished for enterprise, courage, energy, and reverence. At the age of twenty-two he left home, purchased a large tract, twelve miles west of Windsor, Vermont, near the centre of the present town of Reading, 192 HAPGOOD FAMILY. and immediately commenced improvements. Then there were only two families in the region, each miles in opposite directions from his location. Here he labored alone during the first season. But ere he had completely secured his little harvest, news reached him that the settlement at Royalton, twenty-five miles north of Reading, had been laid in ashes by Indians from Canada, and many out of the three hundred inhabitants massacred and others taken captive. Trusting in solitude for defence he did not flee ; until return- ing to his cabin from a temporary absence, he found the savages had plundered it of meat left over the fire, and such other articles as they most coveted. He now hastily struck his tent, returned to Massachusetts, spent the winter of 1778-79 in enlisting his brother Thomas and other young men of Worcester County to accompany him back in the spring. Here, through privations and hardships no longer experienced by planters of new countries, they prepared the way for a large and prosperous settlement, which was organized in 1780, and he elected selectman and constable; the future history of Reading cannot fail to recognize him as her most efficient founder. He and his brother Thomas purchased, June 5, 1780, one whole right of land in the township of Reading, Vermont, consideration, >i$o, lawful money ; David bought of Thomas a tract of land, con- sideration, ^1,185, lawful money. June 27, 1781, David erected the first framed building and opened the first tavern in the place, and the first town meetings were held in his house. He was early chosen representative, and for a series of years served as magistrate. As his children attained their majority he proceeded to divide to them his estate, giving to each of the elder sons FIFTH GENERATION. 193 100 acres of the south part of his farm, and to the third son his homestead, etc., and he lived to see all his family comfortably settled in life. He married, 1781, Sally Myrick of Princeton, Massachusetts, born April 6, 1762; died August 7, 1826; he died July 3, 1829. CHILDREN. 36 I. John 6 , born December n, 1782, at Princeton; married, March 2, 1808, at Reading, Sally Amsden. 37 II. David 6 , born February 20, 1786, at Reading; married Sally Kimball. III. Sally Myrick 6 , born June 8, 1788; married, December 25, 1815, Edmund Durrin, Esquire, of Weathersfield, Ver- mont ; a manufacturer, afterwards an eminent landlord at Springfield, Vermont, who died at New Orleans, February 22, 1837, when in quest of health, having appointed Bridgman Hapgood, Esquire, executor of his will. She died at the home of her sister, Mrs. Fidelia Forbush, in Reading, July 3, 1855; s. p. IV. Lucinda 6 , born June 28, 1790: died October 21, 1835; mar- ried Jared Bigelow of Reading, February 2, 1812, born April 26, 1786; died August 2, 1856. CHILDREN. 1. Addison Clinton 7 Bigelow, born September 28, 1812; died May 21, 1813. 2. Fidelia Hapgood 7 , born May i, 1814; married, September, 1859, William Kingsbury of Charles- town, Massachusetts. 3. Mary Ann 7 , born January 25, 1816; married, 1836, George W. Fuller of Reading. 4. Norman C. 7 , born January 16, 1819; married, April 20, 1845, Betsey Smith ; resided in Caven- dish, Vermont. 5. Jared Addison 7 , born August 24, 1821 ; died March 15, 1822. 6. Adeline L. 7 , born ; married, 1841, Sylvanus Daniels of Charlestown, Massachusetts. She died May 31, 1855. 7. Laura Bigelow Durrin (adopted), born October 25, 1824; married, 1842, Benjamin B. Snow of Springfield, Vermont; resides in Charlestown, Massachusetts. 194 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 8. Sarah 7 , born April 15, 1826; died August 16, 1827. V. Betsey 6 , born January 21, 1793 ; died August 28, 1795. 38 VI. Artemas 6 , born July 16, 1795 ; married Rebecca Fay. VII. Fidelia 6 , born August 20, 1797; married, March 14, 1822, Captain Rufus Forbush, son of Rufus of Westboro, Massachusetts, who was proprietor of the farm origi- nally improved by Thomas 5 Hapgood of Reading. Has served the town for years as selectman, representative and magistrate, and as often as the Constitution of Vermont has become rickety, he has been chosen to conventions to strengthen it. CHILDREN. 1. Charles A. 7 , Forbush, born January 8, 1823; mar- ried, May 25, 1859, Lizzie Davis; resides in Springfield, Vermont ; cashier of the Springfield National Bank. 2. Rufus Orestes 7 , born October 7, 1824; married, June 9, 1863, Eliza A. Spencer, who died Sep- tember 19, 1897; resides at Springfield, and was in company with his brother Charles, who, together, ranked high as honorable and thrifty merchants. 3. Harriet Fidelia 7 , born May 29, 1832; died June 15, 1839, at Reading. 4. Agnes Victoria 7 , born August 30, 1835; died June 26, 1839. 5. Mary Jane 7 , born May 8, 1838; married, October 3, 1866, Dr. Orlando W. Sherwin, born in Wood- stock, Vermont, October 30, 1837; where he resides ; was graduated from Dartmouth Medi- cal College, 1865. She died December i, 1885. 89 VIII. Bridgman 6 , born August 13, 1799; married first, Elizabeth Morrison, second, Laura M. Weston. IX. Lucy 6 , born June 28, 1802; died August u, 1806. X. Dexter 6 , born April 14, 1807; died August 30, 1847, unmarried, at Dubuque, Iowa. 14. AsA 8 (Asa 4 , Thomas*, Thomas*, ShadracJP), born in Shrews- bury, November 25, 1759; married, about 1785, Jane or FIFTH GENERATION. 195 Jennie, daughter of Charles, and granddaughter of Asa Bowker of Shrewsbury, born May 26, 1761 ; settled in Read- ing, Vermont, soon after his marriage. August 28, 1780, Thomas Hapgood of Reading sold to Asa Hapgood, Jr., a tract of land for 18, lawful money. He moved to Fairfax, Vermont, about 1796, and Jericho, 1804, and next to Rush- ford, New York, where his wife died February 16, 1822 ; he died at Jericho, Vermont, October 15, 1823. CHILDREN. 40 I. Elmore 6 , born October 29, 1787, at Reading; married, at Jericho, March 14, 1813, Rheuanna Smith. II. Sylvia 6 , born July 2, 1788; married John Booth of West- ford, Vermont. She died November 10, 1826, at Milton, Vermont. 41 III. Charles 5 , born November 18, 1790; married Lucy Kendall. 42 IV. Tillison 6 , born April 13, 1792; married, February 13, 1823, Cynthia Bliss. V. Lucy 6 , born June 2, 1794; married Eben Woodworth; resided in Essex, Vermont. She died March 20, 1865, at Underbill, Vermont. VI. Asa 6 , born December 18, 1795, at Reading; drowned in Lake Correnango, New York, near Maysville, April 2, 1829. VII. Elmira 6 , born June 26, 1797, at Fairfax; died at Jericho, December 28, 1805. VIII. Jane 6 , born March 21, 1799, at Fairfax; married, Decem- ber 10, 1826, at Ripley, New York, James Wells, born in Cambridge, Washington County, New York; resided and died in Harmony, Chautauqua County, March 28, 1854.- She died January 25, 1883, at the house of her son, Lewis B., in Ashville, New York. CHILDREN. 1. Emeline Adelia 7 , Wells, born April 17, 1828; mar- ried, September 8, 1850, William W. Ball of Harmony ; resides in Stowe, New York. 2. Eveline Cornelia 7 , born September 30, 1830; died September 4, 1840, in Illinois. 3. Morrice Berry 7 , born January n, 1832; enlisted 196 HAPGOOD FAMILY. first, in War of Rebellion, in Company C, Penn- sylvania Volunteers ; served about one and a half years ; sent to hospital for six months ; returned, re-enlisted, and served to end of the war; died November, 1895, at the Soldiers' Home, Erie, Pennsylvania. 4. Lewis Berry 7 , born January 7, 1835; married, June 23, 1859, Sophia, daughter of James and Mary Green, born May 9, 1841, at Hickory, Pennsyl- vania ; resides in Ashville, New York ; a farmer. 43 IX. Bates Turner 6 , born November 6, 1800; married, Janu- ary 25, 1826, Alzina Taylor. 44 X. Joel Wilson 6 , born April 21, 1802; married, September i, 1830, Susan Harrington of Whitehall, New York. XI. Martin 6 , born November 16, 1805, at Jericho, Vermont; died January 24, 1826. 15. ARTEMAS* (Asa*, Thomas 3 , Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born March 15, 1769; married, June 16, 1799, Polly, daughter of Martin (a fifer in the Revolution), and Ruth Rice, of Peters- ham, born September 21, 1799; died October 7, 1861 ; resided at Barre, Massachusetts, where he died October 3, 1846. CHILDREN. 45 I. Horace 6 , born May 25, 1800; married, March 22, 1823, Lucy Parsons. II. Sylvia 6 , born July 4, 1801, at Barre ; married, November 19, 1820, Williams Hamilton of Bridport, Vermont, born February 5, 1797; died September 12, 1845, at Attica, New York, on his way home from the West. She died January 6, 1867, at Kenwood, Oneida Community, New York. CHILDREN. 1. Erastus Hapgood 7 Hamilton, born November 6, 1821, at Barre; married, June 26, 1844, Susan C. Williams of Devonshire, England ; died Octo- ber 15, 1864. He died September 2, 1894, at Kenwood. FIFTH GENERATION. 197 2. Augusta Williams 7 , born November 10, 1822; died at Barre, February 17, 1827. 3. Chauncey 7 , born August 18, 1825; married, Febru- ary i, 1849, Almira Van Wagener; died Febru- ary n, 1893, at Syracuse, New York. 4. George Williams 7 , born April 25, 1827; married, June, 1849, Philena Baker, who died Decem- ber 13, 1893. He died April 13, 1893, at San Diego, California. 5. Charles Lyman 7 , born April 12, 1833, at Cortland, New York ; married, and has five children. 46 III. Chauncey 6 , born October 17, 1803; married, May 2, 1833, Lucy F. Rice of Barre. IV. Direxa 6 , born June 15, 1805 ; married, July 22, 1828, Joseph K. Sperry, born September 12, 1804; died August 2, 1879. She died February 4, 1890, at Cornwall, Ver- mont, where they resided. CHILDREN. 1. Albert Hapgood 7 Sperry, born June II, 1829; mar- ried, November 15, 1854, Ann E. Eells. 2. Charles Artemas 7 , born April 3, 1834; resides in Quechee, Vermont ; is a doctor of medicine. 3. Harriet Augusta 7 , born September 21, 1836; mar- ried Judge George W. Foote ; resides at Crown Point, New York; secretary and treasurer of Crown Point Knitting Company. V. Mary Ann 6 , born February 28, 1807; married Amos Hamil- ton; resided in Bridport, Vermont. She died Janu- ary 29, 1864. CHILDREN. 1. Eugene 7 Hamilton, born 2. Henry 7 , born . 3. Walter 7 , born . 4. Delia 7 , born . 5. Mary 7 , born . 6. Anson 7 , born . 7. Carlton 7 , born . 8. George 7 , born . VI. Betsey 6 , born July 17, 1808, at Barre, Massachusetts; mar- ried, June 3, 1830, Freeman Rice, born June 6, 1806, 198 HAPGOOD FAMILY. who died at Barre, June 14, 1832, and she married second, December 8, 1842, Samuel Austin Kinsman, born January 24, 1808, in Hubbardston, Massachusetts ; died at the house of his stepdaughter, Mrs. Stitt, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, March 14, 1888; she died in Barre, January 19, 1882. CHILD, by first husband. 1. Eliza Freeman 7 Rice, born (posthumous) July 26, 1832; married, July 22, 1854, Seth Bunker Stitt, born at Athens, New York, January 20, 1822; resided in Philadelphia (and Newport, Rhode Island), since 1836; no children. VII. Harriet 6 , born February 27, 1810; married, November 28, 1831, Abiathar Lawrence, born in Hardwick, August 14, 1804; died in Barre, May 6, 1877; she died November 23, 1878. CHILDREN. 1. Caroline Louisa 7 Lawrence, born June 30, 1836; married, October 6, 1859, Lyman L. Harding of Barre, born December 25, 1835; a very active, intelligent business man ; went to Boston, and later was admitted a partner in the large whole- sale clothing house of Freeland, Harding & Loomis ; attacked by cerebro spinal meningitis, which unfitted him for business, he retired and removed to Chicago, Illinois, where he died March 29, 1893. 2. Anson Hapgood 7 , born September 9, 1842; mar- ried, October i, 1873, Amelia Kendall of Chicago. 3. Frederick Abiathar 7 , born April 9, 1845; married, June 13, 1872, Mary Davis Palmer. 47 VIII. Lyman Wilder 6 , born November 27, 1811; married, April 1 8, 1839, Eliza Jane, daughter of Levi Phinney. 48 IX. Asa 6 , born July i, 1813; married Lydia Crossley of Ken- tucky. X. Anson 6 , born February 21, 1815; died April 30, 1839. XI. Fidelia 6 , born May 27, 1818; married, November 17, 1842, John Field Woods, son of Captain James Woods of Barre, the fifth James Woods in direct descent, born November 5, 1820; died March 26, 1887; she died April 9, 1894. FIFTH GENERATION. 199 CHILD. 1. Ella Eliza 7 Woods, born August 14, 1852; mar- ried, February 24, 1876, John Thomas Bottomly, born June 20, 1847, in England ; resides in Cam- den, New Jersey ; a manufacturer. 16. HONORABLE HUTCHINS S (Seth*, Thomas?, Thomas*, Shad- rach*), born April 14, 1763; married, October 20, 1789, Eliza- beth, daughter of Honorable Jonathan Grout, colonel in the Revolutionary War, and Member of Congress ; resided in Petersham, an eminent and leading citizen ; eldest son of Deacon Seth ; represented the town eight years in the Gen- eral Court ; postmaster for many years ; chosen a member to the convention for revising the constitution, 1820; a success- ful merchant ; died September 4, 1837. CHILDREN. 49 I. Thomas 6 , born June 20, 1790; married, Februarys, 1818, Betsey Hopkins of Petersham. II. Hutchins 6 , born September 2, 1792; graduated from Dart- mouth College, (A. M.) class 1813; read law with Major John Taylor, at Northampton, Massachusetts, from November 6, 1814, to July, 1815, finishing the course at Cavendish, Vermont; did not practise, but turned his attention to mercantile business in New York City, and died in Petersham, Massachusetts, June 2, 1828. III. Eliza 6 , born October 9, 1796; died September 24, 1835; married, June 27, 1826, Aaron Arms, Esquire, of Deerfield, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. 1. Hutchins Hapgood 7 Arms, born October i, 1827; died June 24, 1845, at Petersham. 2. Elizabeth Grout 7 , born June r, 1830, at Deerfield; married Reverend Doctor Heman L. Wayland, 200 HAPGOOD FAMILY. president of Franklin College, Indiana, son of the late President Wayland of Brown Univer- sity, Providence, Rhode Island. CHILDREN. 1. Lincoln 8 Wayland, born September i, 1861. 2. Fanny Hapgood 8 , born April 12, 1864. 3. Sophia Holland 7 , born March 15, 1835; married, October. 7, 1863, Amory Bigelow of Petersham ; resides in Chicago ; a merchant. IV. Maria H. 6 , born July 15, 1798 ; died January 28, 1842; mar- ried, April 28, 1823, Ephraim Hinds, Esquire, of West Boylston, born in Shrewsbury, 1780; graduated from Harvard College, 1805; studied law, and established an office in Harvard, Massachusetts, 1820, having pre- viously practised in Athol and Barre ; removed to Marlboro', 1834, and died at West Boylston, June 18, 1858. CHILDREN. 1. Alfred Hutchins 7 Hinds, born ; resided in West Boylston. 2. Ephraim 7 , born ; resided in Marlboro'. 3. Albert 7 , born ; resided in West Boylston. 4. Maria 7 , born ; resided in West Boylston. 5. Flora Isabella 7 , born ; married, Walker ; resided in Columbus, Ohio. 6. Ellen 7 , born . V. Lydia 6 , born September 5, 1802; died June 6, 1807. 60 VI. Seth 6 , born June 10, 1805; married Lydia Seaver Wilson. VII. Charles 6 , born April 2, 1811; died September 17, 1828. 17. SOLOMON* (Seth*, Thomas 3 , Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born December 30, 1766, at Petersham, Massachusetts; died March 5, 1856, at Bellows Falls, Vermont; married, 1791, Azubah, daughter of Benjamin (who was born May 10, 1740) and Mary (Root) Burt (born 1741) of Westminster, FIFTH GENERATION. 201 Vermont, where she was born 1771, and died at Bellows Falls, February 10, 1858, in her eighty-seventh year. Her father, Judge Burt, was appointed by " William Tryon, Cap- tain General and Governor of the Province of New York and dependencies, captain of a company of Foot in the Township of Westminster, Vermont"; he died June 9, 1835, aged ninety-five, and his wife Mary, December 15, 1831, aged ninety-one. Solomon was by trade a blacksmith, and for many years carried on that business extensively, but having acquired large landed estates, demanding his attention, his time was divided between the shop and farm, and later on, during the closing years of his life, the latter proved more attractive and congenial, and absorbed most of his time. He was an industrious, upright and prosperous man. At that period it was honorable to labor, in fact, no one was respected who did not. Eight children were born by this union to honor their father and noble mother. CHILDREN. I. Lucretia 6 , born June 12, 1792; died March 19, 1871, at Brooklyn, New York; married, 1808, at Bellows Falls, Daniel Tuttle, born June 5, 1788, at New Haven, Connecticut; died June 6, 1861. CHILDREN. 1. Quartus Morgan 7 Tuttle, born August 28, 1809; died, unmarried, March 19, 1877, at Althuna, Canada. 2. Frances Adeline 7 , born March 15, 181 1, at Grafton, Vermont; married first, November 27, 1834, at Bellows Falls, Holland Wheeler, who died 1842, at Saxton's River; she married second, 1846, Edward Hall of Westminster, Vermont. 3. Adaline 7 , born October, 1813 ; died October 3, 1818. 4. Daniel Atwater 7 , born July 3, 1815 ; married, July 27, 1842, Harriet Lombard of Springfield, Massachusetts, who died July 17, 1882. 202 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 5. Caroline Matilda 7 , born August 18, 1817; married, September 21, 1841, Solon Foster Goodridge of Bellows Falls, a China tea merchant of New York City, who died July 15, 1892. 6. Lyman Hapgood 7 , born October 28, 1819; took a voyage to recover his health and was lost at sea, Octobers, 1841. II. Fanny 6 , born October 5, 1793; died September 14, 1794. III. Solomon 6 , born April 6, 1795 ; died March 3, 1839; unmar- ried. 51 IV. Lyman 6 , born October 29, 1799; married, November 10, 1822, Emma Church, of Westminster. 52 V. Seth 6 , born October 21, 1803; married, February 18, 1829, Clarinda Harvey of Chesterfield, New Hampshire.. 53 VI. Charles 6 , born September 17, 1805; married, October 6, 1834, Harriet Silsby. VII. Levi 6 , born March 12, 1809; married Lucretia Leonard, and died June 8, 1839; no children. VIII. Frances Mary 6 , born July 31, 1811 ; married, June 12, 1838, James Henry Williams, born January 16, 1813, at Bellows Falls, where he resided ; cashier of the old Bellows Falls Bank; died August 13, 1881. CHILDREN. 1. Caroline Frances 7 Williams, born February 24, 1839; married, October 31, 1867, William Pitt Wentworth, born April 23, 1839, at Bellows Falls ; resided in Newton, Massachusetts ; was an eminent architect of Boston; died March, 1896; no children. 2. William 7 , born March, 1841 ; died November 12, 1842. 3. James Henry 7 , born July 19, 1843 > married first, Lucy Amelia Willson, and second, Fannie War- ren Schouler, daughter of General Schouler of Boston. 4. Harriet Henry 7 , born May 5, 1845 ; married, August 30, 1866, Lucius Adelbert Morse of Rutland, Vermont ; resides in Bellows Falls. 5. Sarah Hubbard 7 , born January 16, 1848; died May 28, 1878. 6. John Harris 7 , born November 18, 1849; married, FIFTH GENERATION. 203 October 17, 1883, Merab Ann Bradley Kellogg of Westminster, Vermont. 7. Kate Amelia 7 , born December 30, 1851 ; resides at Bellows Falls ; unmarried. 8. Mary Grace 7 , born May 24, 1855 ; died June 14, 1874. 18. EBER* (Seth*, Thomas*, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born August 5, 1770; married, July 13, 1803, Dolly, daughter of Honorable Jonathan Grout, a colonel in the Revolutionary War and Member of Congress, sister to the wife of his brother Hutchins, a very superior woman, born May i, 1772, in Petersham, and died July 16, 1822. He died July 6, 1851. CHILDREN. 54 I. George Grout 6 , born February 17, 1804; married Marcia McGraw. II. Dolly 6 , born October 14, 1805 ; married, September 8, 1840, Joel Bordwell of Cazenovia, New York, born Febru- ary 4, 1808, son of Reverend Joel Bordwell, A. M., fifty years pastor of Congregational church at Kent, Connecticut, and nephew of Reverend Samuel Mills of Torrington, Connecticut. She died July 27, 1871, and he married second, her younger sister, Mary Frances Hapgood, April 3, 1872. CHILDREN. 1. Lavinia 7 Bordwell, born August 23, 1841 ; died September 6, 1841. 2. Lavinia 7 , born July 28, 1843; a stenographer, unmarried. 3. Ellen Eliza 7 , born September 22, 1844 > died June 3, 1867. 4. Levi Hapgood 7 , born December 29, 1845. 5. Marilla 7 , born June 7, 1847; died September 12, 1847- 6. George Hapgood 7 , born February 10, 1849; died August 12, 1849. 204 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 7. James 7 , born July 9, 1850; died September, fol- lowing. 8. Mary 7 , born July 7, 1851 ; died August 8, 1851. 55 III. Charles 6 , born October ri, 1807, at Petersham, Massachu- setts; married Rebecca Hibbard of Waterford, Vermont. IV. Lyman Wilder 6 , born February 7, 1810; married, March 5, 1840, Nancy A., daughter of James and Eliza (McKenzie, from Canada) Pinkerton, born July 6, 1813. After an absence of fifteen years, one of which was spent in Maine, five in Lowell, and seven in Ohio, he returned to the homestead of his father and grand- father in Petersham. He died at Grafton, April 19, 1871. She died at Petersham May 3, 1864. CHILDREN. I. Eliza Pinkerton 7 , born January 8, 1841, at Bedford, Ohio ; died September 14, 1845, at Munson, Ohio. II. Mary Frances 7 , born September 14, 1842, entered University of Ann Arbor, graduated and taught for several years, dying of consumption at Kal- amazoo, Michigan; unmarried. V. Mary Frances 6 , born May 19, 1812; married, March 31, 1840, Elijah Kimball, resided in Grafton; he died December 17, 1867; she married second, April 3, 1872, Joel Bordwell of Cazenovia, New York, her deceased sister's husband, who died March 12, 1882; she died August i, 1874; no children. VI. Levi 6 , born April 2, 1814; died unmarried at Bedford, Ohio, December 31, 1839. VII. Susan Elizabeth 6 , born June 17, 1818; married, May 17, 1842, Joseph Warren Upton, born April 26, 1818; resided in Petersham; died October 25, 1889; she died April 8, 1855. CHILDREN. 1. Mary Elizabeth 7 , Upton, born December 25, 1844; married, May 21, 1868, Silas Theodore Wheeler. 2. Ann Eliza 7 , born May 25, 1846; died February 12, 1850. 3. Lena Hapgood 7 , born September 29, 1854; resides in Orange, Massachusetts ; unmarried. FIFTH GENERATION. 205 19. OLIVER*, (Seth*, Thomas 3 , Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born Sep- tember 26, 1772; married, November 10, 1799, Lucy Smith of Petersham, who died, and he married, second, in 1810, Anna Chapman ; removed, about 1799, to New Ipswich, New Hampshire, and about 1801 to Sheldon, Vermont, where he died January 7, 1813. CHILDREN. I. Almira 6 , born 1800; died January 15, 1859; found dead in her bed, having apparently expired without a struggle. She married first, William Johnson, and second, Eliphalet Johnson ; resided in Swanton, Vermont, and was the mother of Mrs. Lucy 7 Foster of Swanton; Oliver H 7 . Johnson, Sherbrooke, Province of Quebec ; Mrs. Caroline A 7 . Landon, William A 7 . Johnson, Burlington, Vermont; Mrs. Ellen A 7 . Dunton, Swan- ton; and Myra E. 7 , Edwin 7 , and Sidney 7 Johnson, unmarried. 56 II. John Weeks 6 , born June 3, 1811 (by second wife); married Rebecca Hemingway. 20. LEVI S , (Seth*, Thomas?, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born December 6, 1778. Settled in Sheldon, Vermont, February, 1804, where he resided up to the time of his death, June 15, 1864, serving the town in all the offices in her gift, and the State in 1830-32 as a member of her Legislature. He married September, 1823, Anna (Chapman) Hapgood (widow of his brother Oliver) ; she died March 15, 1846. CHILDREN. I. Levi Hutchins 6 , born July 15, 1825; married, August 30, 1847, Harriet Ellen Horton, born April 18, 1826, daughter of Daniel Gideon Horton, by wife Mary Drury and granddaughter of Gideon Horton, Junior, of Hortonville, Hubbardton, Vermont, by wife Thyrza 206 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Farrington, and great granddaughter of Gideon Hor- ton, senior, by wife Sarah Douglass, from Springfield, Massachusetts, and great great granddaughter of Benjamin Horton from Scotland to Brandon, Ver- mont, at its earliest settlement. Mrs. Hapgood's mother, Mary Drury, born June 25, 1795, married, January i, 1813, and died October 30, 1848, was the daughter of Luther and Rhoda (Hopkins) Drury of Plattsburg, New York, and granddaughter of Deacon Ebenezer Drury from Shrewsbury, Massachusetts, to Pittsford, Vermont, who was baptized February 17, 1733; married, October 21, 1761, Hannah Keyes, born April 17, 1742, and great granddaughter of Daniel Drury of Framingham (died June 5, 1786), by wife Sarah Flagg (born at Sudbury about 1705; married, July 14, 1729; died November 29, 1775), and great great granddaughter of John or Thomas Drury, and great great great granddaughter of Hugh Drury of Boston 1640; freeman 1654; constable 1655-56; a member of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Com- pany 1659; died, and is interred in King's Chapel Cemetery. His wife Lydia was received a member of First Church, March 12, 1648, and died 1675. Levi Hutchins Hapgood was a leading merchant and prom- inent citizen of Sheldon, Vermont, up to 1876, when reverses in business induced him to remove to Alton, Illinois, and accept employment from his cousin nephew, Charles Hutchins Hapgood, who had estab- lished the immense works of the Hapgood Plow Com- pany, in that place, where he continued to labor till the time of his death, December 14, 1885. CHILD. I. Anna Keith 7 , born October 9, 1848, at Sheldon; died August 6, 1889. II. Seth Chapman 6 , born November 3, 1828, at Sheldon, Ver- mont; married, November 4, 1850, Louisa Mann from Jamaica, Western New York, died June 10, 1867, and he married second, February 10, 1885, Anna Elizabeth Davy ; resided in Malta, De Kalb County, Illinois, but is now a large merchant and extensive landholder in Shorey, Shawnee County, Kansas. CHILD. I. Ella May 7 , born October 9, 1858; died March 26, 1865. FIFTH GENERATION. 207 21. EPHRAIM* (Joab*, Thomas 9 , Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born March I, 1768; married, February 28, 1796, Elizabeth Cun- ningham, daughter of Silas and Priscilla (Plympton) Allen, of Medfield, Massachusetts. Settled on the homestead of his father in Shrewsbury; died December 15, 1843. His wife was born in Medfield, February, 1773, and died in Shrewsbury, September 24, 1863. CHILDREN. I. Martha 6 , born in Shrewsbury, May 15, 1798; married, April 13, 1845, Benjamin Flagg, born in Boylston, 1815. They lived on a portion of the farm on which her great grandfather Thomas Hapgood first settled. He died June 10, 1858, and she January 14, 1876; no children. II. Simon Allen 6 , born August 5, 1802; died October 5, 1803. III. Lucy 6 , born April 27, 1805; married, January 27, 1834, * Washington, son of Joshua and Miriam Briggs, born July 2, 1796, in Spencer, where he resided a merchant and farmer, and died April 29, 1867; she died at Worcester, April 18, 1895. ' CHILDREN. 1. Martha Hapgood 7 Briggs, born February 26, 1837, in Spencer ; married, June 23, 1867, John A., son of John and Susan (Howland) Wilson, resided in Worcester; teacher and provision dealer. He died November 2, 1891. 2. Lucy Elizabeth 7 , born April 19, 1841 ; died June 12, 1842. 3. Ephraim Hapgood 7 , born July 4, 1842, resided in Boston, Massachusetts, a provision dealer ; he died there November 29, 1876; unmarried. 22. ELIJAH 5 (Joab*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born November 10, 1773. In 1802, purchased the Wheeler farm 208 HAPGOOD FAMILY. in Shrewsbury for $3,000, paying the first instalment of $ 1,000 in silver out of old stockings. This farm was about half a mile south southwest of the original Thomas Hapgood farm in Shrewsbury, and one and a half miles southwest of the old congregational meeting house. To this he made many additions and improvements, and left it one of the most valuable farms in Shrewsbury. He married, September 26, 1802, Eunice, daughter of Reuben and Charlotte (Howe) Baker, born June 27, 1781. She died November 14, 1841, aged sixty, and he died at Shrewsbury, July 22, 1853. CHILDREN. I. Abigail 6 , born October 7, 1803; married, December 14, 1824, John Roper, Jr., of Princeton, where she died, October, 1 825. Date of his birth and death not reported. CHILD. 1. Abigail 7 Roper, who died, aged about twenty-one years; unmarried. 57 II. Joab 6 , born September 6, 1804; married Elizabeth Eager. 58 III. Lemuel Bemis 6 , born October 12, 1805; married Amazonia Flagg. IV. Charlotte 6 , born August 30, 1807; married October 4, 1830, at Shrewsbury, Horace, son of Alpheus and Lydia(Fay) Abbott, born July 29, 1806, in Sudbury, Massachusetts, and went to Westboro' when a boy and there learned the trade of a blacksmith, and carried on that business in a country shop. In 1836 he removed to Baltimore, Maryland, where he resided till his death, August 8, 1887. He took charge of a large forge, and manufac- tured heavy forgings, steamboat shafts, cranks, loco- motives and car axles. At the breaking out of the Civil War, 1861, having the largest plate mill in the United States, and the only one capable of doing the work, Mr. Abbott made the armor and plates for Cap- tain Ericsson's first monitor, and all the armor plates for the monitors that were built immediately succeed- ing. He also furnished the armor plates which FIFTH GENERATION. 209 strengthened the fleet before Charleston ; and for his promptness of delivery, received a letter of commen- dation from the then Secretary of the Navy, Mr. Wells. So important were Mr. Abbott's works to the govern- ment, particularly the naval department, that the men in his employ were protected by the government against draft into the army and navy ; thus, in effect, making an arsenel of the establishment. We add the following extract (from J. S. C. Abbott's History of the Civil War, Volume /, Page 339), to show his patri- otic zeal and sound judgment, when it was predicted he could never fulfil the contract for the Monitor. " In 101 days from the time the contract reached him, the Monitor was launched. The upper hull is 174 feet long, forty-one feet four inches wide, and five feet in depth. The sides constitute the armor of the vessel. In the first place is an inner guard of iron half an inch thick. To this is fastened a wall of white oak placed end-wise and thirty inches thick. To this is bolted six plates of iron, each an inch thick, one over the other. The pilot house is made of plates of iron, the whole about ten inches thick. The turret is a round cylinder, twenty feet in interior diameter, and nine feet high. It is built entirely of iron plates, one inch in thickness, and securely bolted together. Eight of these plates, one over the other, with a lining of one inch iron, com- pletes the structure." He was one of the first to move in establishing National Banks in the city of Baltimore; was one of the organ- izers of the First National Bank, of which he was a director and vice-president until his death, as also a director in the Second National Bank of Baltimore. His widow died May 2, 1888. CHILDREN. 1. Lucy Fay 7 Abbott, born November 14, 1831, in Westboro', Massachusetts ; resided with her parents in Baltimore, where she died, January 8, 1850. 2. Ella Antoinette 7 , born in Baltimore, January 26, 1834; married, October 4, 1854, at Baltimore, John Stratton Gilman, born at Hallowell, Maine, March 19, 1830; she died in Baltimore,November 26, 1855, and he, November 16, 1889. 210 . HAPGOOD FAMILY. 3. Charlotte Eunice 7 , born August 10, 1836; died September i, 1838. 4. Horace Fay 7 , born September 18, 1838; died November 29, 1843. 5. Charlotte 7 , born April 7, 1842; married, June 9, 1863, at Baltimore, Isaac Martin, son of Isaac and Nancy Smart (Hobbs) Gate, born at Effing- ham, New Hampshire, February 6, 1838; resides in Baltimore. 6. Mary Lydia 7 , born May 18, 1844; died at Balti- more April 11, 1849. 7. Horace Fay 7 , born July 21, 1846; died at Balti- more, July 23, 1848. 59 V. Nahum Roland 6 , born March 6, 1809; married the widow Emily (Chase) Garfield, of Worcester. VI. David Thomas 5 , born July 19, 1813; learned the gun- maker's trade of his brother Joab; married, August 13, 1840, Mary Bruce, daughter of Ephron and Zipporah (Maynard) Eager, born in Northboro', March 25, 1813, sister to his brother Joab's wife; removed to Baltimore, Maryland, established the business of manufacturing and dealing in guns and sporting mate- rials, somewhat extensively, and for several years pros- pered ; but his health failed, and he was obliged to close up his business and return to Shrewsbury, where he died August 9, 1843 5 no children. His widow married, second, October 4, 1854, Henry Marcus Fairbanks, born April 9, 1812, in Shirley, Massachusetts, a widower with two sons, and lived most of the remainder of her life in Worcester, where she died June 12, 1893. Mr. Fairbanks died June 25, 1861. 60 VII. Lorenzo Elijah 6 , born November 9, 1815; married, Sarah Hodges. 61 VIII. Reuben Leander 6 , born July 10, 1817; married, Lucy Forbush. 62 IX. Ephraim Augustin 6 , born November 3, 1823 ; married, Nancy Holmes, of Grafton. 23. JOHN* (John^, JohrP, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born Febru- ary 9, 1776; married, October 29, 1799, Betsey Temple, of FIFTH GENERATION. 211 Marlboro', who died December 31, 1841 ; removed, 1801, to Winchendon, Massachusetts, where he died April 5, 1848 ; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Eliza 6 , born December 12, 1802, at Marlboro; married, at Winchendon, Phinehas Parks, of Winchendon. He died March 2, 1885, and his widow, May 9, 1887. CHILDREN. 1. George H. 7 Parks, born . 2. A daughter ; she married William S. Brooks, of Winchendon. 63 II. George Dana 6 , born December 3, 1811 ; married, Septem- ber 9, 1841, Catharine Wight Mixer, of Dedham. III. Jane 6 , born June 4, 1821, at Winchendon; married Bethuel Ellis, of Ashburnham ; resided in Winchendon, where she died December 5, 1867, and he April 9, 1881. IV. Otis Whitney 6 , born at Winchendon; married Sarah Ann Church, of Alstead, New Hampshire. He died May 2, 1863, and she, 1860. Other children were born to John and Betsey, all of whom died in infancy, but their records are not at hand. 24. CAPTAIN BENJAMIN* (John*, John*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born March 9, 1783; married, August 30, 1805, at Stow, Ann, daughter of Charles and Catharine (Davies) Whit- man, M. D. Ann was born December 12, 1787, and died at East Bridgewater, Massachusetts, November 27, 1868. Benjamin was a captain in the militia, and died at Stow, May ii, 1836; resided in Marlboro'; a farmer. CHILDREN. 64 I. Charles Whitman 6 , born December 30, 1806, at Marlboro'; married first, Mary Hunter, and second, Elizabeth Haley. 212 HAPGOOD FAMILY. II. Catharine Davies 6 , born October 3, 1807; married, Febru- ary 20, 1828, at Stow, Mark Whitcomb, who died November 29, 1886; she died August 20, 1888. CHILDREN. 1. William 7 Whitcomb, born November 4, 1828. 2. Anna Maria 7 , born September 24, 1830; married, December 7, 1852, Abraham H. Stowe, of Hud- son, where she died October 20, 1881, leaving three children. 3. John Marshall 7 , born November 8, 1832; married, January 6, 1860, Eliza Clapp, of Stow; had five children. 4. Albert 7 , born June i, 1845 ; resides at Stow. III. Dorcas Whitman 6 , born March 15, 1809; married, Septem- ber 15, 1846, at Stow, Rufus Scott, born February 9, 1800, at Amherst, Massachusetts; resided at North Hadley and Amherst. He died August 16, 1855; she still survives. CHILDREN. 1. Israel Storrs 7 Scott, born November 19, 1848; died August 24, 1849, at North Hadley. 2. Mary Helen 7 , born July 5, 1850; resides in Amherst; unmarried. 3. Israel Frederick 7 , born July 2, 1852; died Sep- tember n, 1871, at North Hadley. IV. Anna Whitman 6 , born December 19, 1810; married, first, November i, 1834, Charles English, born in Brighton, May 19, 1807; resided in Boston, Brighton, and East Bridgewater. He died July 2, 1859, at Brighton, and she married, second, at Elmwood, Massachusetts, August 25, 1864, Samuel Shaw, born August 7, 1802, at South Weymouth, a shoe manufacturer of wealth and influence, at Elmwood. He died at East Bridge- water, Massachusetts, September 15, 1874; she is still living. CHILDREN. 1. Anna Elizabeth 7 English, born March 17, 1841; died September 5, 1885. 2. Amelia Victoria 7 , born January 3, 1844; died July 30, 1845. FIFTH GENERATION. 213 3. Charles Benjamin 7 , born August 31, 1846; married, May 23, 1877, Mrs. Hannah Sisson ; resides in Chicago, Illinois. V. Nathan Davies 6 , born February 20, 1813, at Marlboro; was captain's mate aboard ship "Canton Packet," died on the voyage home from Manilla, and was buried at sea; unmarried. VI. Martha 6 , born January 26, 1815, at Marlboro; married at Stow, May 15, 1834, Timothy Atwood, who died at Boston, December 13, 1872, and she married, second, February 4, 1875, Thaddeus Smith, of North Hadley, where he died, October 31, 1878. She died at Well- fleet, August 4, 1882 ; no children. VII. Felicia Davies 6 , born July 30, 1817 ; died October 21, 1820. VIII. Elizabeth 6 , born July 30, 1819, at Marlboro; married, April 6, 1843, at East Bridgewater, Henry Winchester Rob- inson, born at Stow, Massachusetts, October 9, 1819, resided at North Bridgewater (now Brockton) and Boston. His wife died July 2, 1872, and he is now enjoying the well-earned reputation of an honorable merchant, in his pleasant home in Auburndale. CHILDREN. 1. Maria Louise 7 Robinson, born February 7, 1844, at Stow ; married, September 29, 1867, Nathaniel Blake Blackstone. 2. Joseph Winchester 7 , born September 17, 1846; married, April 14, 1869, Julia Ann Sprague, of North Bridgewater. IX. Margaret 6 , born February 23, 1822, at Stow; married, December i, 1846, at East Bridgewater, Galen Kingman Richards, born January 9, 1823 ; she died February 16, 1870, at West Bridgewater, and he January 23, 1884. CHILDREN. 1. Hannah Kingman 7 Richards, born August II, 1847; died December 31, 1873. 2. Henry 7 , born January II, 1851 ; died April I, 1856. 3. Henry Galen 7 , born August 24, 1856 ; died January 3i, 1877. 4. Ann Whitman 7 , born July 28, 1858; died June 12, 1859- 214 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 5. Charles Benjamin 7 , born September 23, 1866; died July 21, 1885. X. Lucy Cotton 6 , born September 3, 1825, at Stow; married, August 19, 1856, at North Bridgewater, Baalis San- ford, born October 4, 1833; resides in Brockton; a leading merchant and prominent citizen. CHILDREN. 1. Irene Gertrude 7 Sanford, born April 18, 1859. 2. Anna Cora 7 , born August 19, 1860 ; died September 22, 1860. 3. Mabel Louisa 7 , born July 3, 1867; died August 22, 1869. 25. DAVID S (Jonathan*, John*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born June i, 1783 ; married, September 24, 1805, Abigail Russell, who died February 22, 1806 ; and he married, second, Decem- ber, 1806, Lydia Stearns, of Leominster, born March 26, 1786 ; resided in Marlboro' where all his children were born. He died October 13, 1830, and she December 22, 1850. CHILDREN. 65 I. Moses 6 , born December 12, 1807; married, in Harvard, April 9, 1831, Sally Wetherbee. II. Joseph 6 , born May 15, 1810; died in infancy. III. William 6 , born July 20, 1811 ; died May 16, 1832. 66 IV. Rufus 6 , born May 31, 1813; married Maria Barnes. 67 V. Reuben 6 , born May 31, 1813, twin with Rufus; married Ruth C. Moore. VI. Mary 6 , born May n, 1815 ; married, Daniel Florence, born in Northboro'; died May 5, 1863, at Berlin; she died 1844. CHILDREN. 1. William 7 Florence, born October, 1840, in North- boro'; resided in Berlin; a shoemaker. En- listed July 25, 1862, in Company I, Thirty- sixth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, FIFTH GENERATION. 215 discharged March 5, 1863, for ill-health, at New- port News, returned to Berlin and died there of consumption, on the 5th of May following. 2. Mary Aravilla 7 , born October 15, 1844; married, September 13, 1863, Jonathan Mann; resides in Marlboro', VII. Nathaniel 6 , born August 27, 1817, at Bolton, Massachu- setts; married, at Natick, Malinda Muzzy; resided in Bolton, where he died August, 1853. CHILDREN. I. Llewellyn 7 , born ; died young, in Marlboro'. II. Charles 7 , born September, 1851, in Marlboro'; resides in Hudson; a farmer; twice married; no children. VIII. Abigail Russell 6 , born April 28, 1819; married, May 21, 1842, John Ingalls, son of John and Olive Taylor, born at Salem, Massachusetts, May 21, 1816; resided in Charlestown, where all his children were born. She died March 9, 1888, at Roslindale, Massachusetts, and he at Haverhill, Massachusetts, March 31, 1890. CHILDREN. 1. Mary Elizabeth 7 Taylor, born January 15, 1843; married, August 16, 1867, R. L. Spear, of Boston, who died June 12, 1892. 2. Charles Henry 7 , born July 14, 1846; married, February 7, 1866, Georgianna Olivia Davis, born in Charlestown, April 12, 1847, daughter / V of George W. and Lo\illa Davis. He was edu- / cated in the public grammar and high schools of that city. At fifteen years of age he found his first employment in a Boston general print- ing office. In this office the Massachusetts Ploughman and the Christian Register 'were set up, so that he learned the trade of a compositor on those papers. The year 1861 found him in the Boston Traveler Office, where he worked at different times in the mail room, the press room, and the composing room. He was but sixteen years of age when he left the Traveler office and shouldered a musket in the war as a private 216 HAPGOOD FAMILY. soldier in the Thirty-eighth Regiment of Massa- chusetts Volunteers, one of the youngest re- cruits to enlist in defence of the Union. He served in the field about a year and a half with General N. P. Banks' command. In the mem- orable assault upon Port Hudson, June 14, 1863, Private Taylor was badly wounded, and in con- sequence was honorably discharged from the service and sent home. He still carries the bullet with which he was wounded. Returning to civil life, he re-entered the Traveler office, and after working for some time in the com- posing room of that paper became one of its reporters, and soon made his mark as an intelli- gent and ready writer, with a sharp nose for news. He grappled with the mysteries of shorthand writing, and, having mastered that difficult art, did a great deal of notable work as a stenographer. While connected with the Traveler^ also earned considerable reputation as a correspondent for papers in other cities, his letters to the New York Tribune and Cin- cinnati Times attracting much attention at the time. On January i, 1869, a new phase of his career opened. On that date he became private secretary to Governor William Claflin, and for several years thereafter his face was a familiar one around the State House. Governor Claflin made him a member of his military staff, with the rank of colonel. It was twenty-five years afterward, when Governor Russell anxious to bring within his official family this sagacious adviser, loyal friend, and rare companion, made him a brigadier-general on his staff. While acting as Governor Claflin's private secretary, Colonel Taylor continued a large part of his former work as a newspaper correspondent, and never once disassociated himself from his chosen profession as a journalist. He remained at his secretarial post in the governor's office for three years. In 1872 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives from Somer- ville, and was re-elected the following year, FIFTH GENERATION. 217 receiving the unusual honor on both occasions of being the unanimous choice of his fellow- citizens, regardless of party lines. In the year 1873 he was nominated by the many friends whom he had made in the Legislature for the clerkship of the House, a position that had been long held at that time by the well-remem- bered newspaper correspondent, William S. .Robinson, whose letters over the signature of " Warrington," were then among the most salient features of the Springfield Republican. Mr. Robinson's friends made a stout fight for his re-election, but Colonel Taylor defeated him overwhelmingly. He filled the office of clerk of the House until the month of August, 1873, when another chapter in his remarkable career was to open. It was in that month and year that Colonel Taylor took charge of The Boston Globe, then a new paper, which had been started a little over a year before, and which was strug- gling hard to obtain a foothold among the old Boston dailies. For nearly five years Colonel Taylor, as manager of The Globe, seemed to be fighting a losing battle ; but on March 7, 1878, he took a bold, new departure, and, reorganizing it as a democratic two-cent daily paper, conducted on popular lines and appealing to the many instead of the few, he gave it a new birth. This somewhat audacious step proved to be the turn- ing-point in the history of The Globe. Colonel Taylor had found for his paper and himself that tide, "which taken at its flood leads on to fort- une." The history of The Boston Globe, from that date on to the present time, is one of the romances of modern journalism, and records a newspaper success of such splendid proportions as to place Charles H. Taylor's name among those of the great captains of the newspaper host the Bennetts, the Greeleys, the Danas, and the Pultizers. 3. George William 7 , born February 24, 1850; died March 10, 1868. 218 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 4. Nathaniel Hapgood 7 , born March 4, 1854; married, April 12, 1881, Anna Brooks, of Augusta, Maine. 5. Addie Frances 7 , born September 4, 1855; married, May i, 1878, J. B. Wright, of Charlestown. 6. Abbie Maria 7 , born September 4, 1855, twin with Addie Frances; died December 4, 1855. 7. John Ingalls 7 , born September 3, 1859; died December 18, 1867. 68 IX. George 6 , " born May 7, 1821; married, March 26, 1844, Harriet Angeline Warren. X. Luther 6 , born June 25, 1824; married, September 28, 1848, Harriet, daughter of James and Esther Deane, born March 4, 1825, in Oakham, Massachusetts. Enlisted July 13, 1862, in Company F, Thirty-eighth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers ; served three years. Parti- cipated in battles, Port Hudson, June 14, 1864; Fisher's Hill, September 19, 1864; Cedar Creek, October 19, 1864; and later served with wagon train; discharged July 13, 1865; returned home; appointed on police force at Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1870 to 1873; resides in Belmont, Massachusetts. No children. XI. Eliza 6 , born August 5, 1826, in Marlboro' ; married April i, 1847, Asa Appleton Deane, a farmer in Oakham, where she died August 13, 1877, a most excellent house- keeper, nurse, and mother. He died December 8, 1892. CHILDREN, all born in Oakham. 1. Harriet Maria 7 Deane, born September 17, 1849; married, December 24, 1874, George Washing- ton Sibley, of Spencer, Massachusetts, where he died April 26, 1888. 2. Abbie Jane 7 , born September 15, 1851; married, May 15, 1873, William Wallace Smith, of North Brookfield ; she died July 26, 1878. 3. Amanda Amelia 7 , born December 4, 1853 ; mar- ried, December 13, 1876, Freeland Converse Sibley, of Spencer. 4. Addie Elizabeth 7 , born May 4, 1861 ; married, March 24, 1883, Charles Horace Baldwin, of Spencer. FIFTH GENERATION. 219 26. NATHANIEL* (Jonathan*, John*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born September 14, 1787; married, May 22, 1808, Elizabeth, daughter of Ephraim Barber, of Marlboro', born February 19, 1789. He removed to Boston, where he resided a merchant, and where he was instantly killed by the acci- dental discharge of a gun, in the hand of a friend, November 22, 1816. CHILDREN. I. Henry Nathaniel 6 , born, in Boxboro', 1809; died in New York City, December 19, 1837; unmarried. He was at one time on the editorial staff of the Worcester Spy. II. Louise H. 6 , born January n, 1811, in Boxboro'; married, October, 1834, Jedadiah Sabin, of Putney, Vermont, born September 21, 1802; died January II, 1881 ; she died August 17, 1842. CHILDREN. 1. Henry Nathaniel 7 Sabin, born June 28, 1834, in Putney; died February 10, 1857; unmarried. 2. Ellen Elizabeth 7 , born April n, 1839, in Putney; married S. Wilson Wilder, son of John and Polly (Wilson) Wilder, of Brattleboro', Ver- mont, who was born March I, 1806. He was born March 6, 1838. No children. III. Elizabeth Crosby 6 , born April 15, 1813; married, Captain Edward Denison, of Leyden, Massachusetts, son of Edward and Rucy (Babcock) Denison; he died Feb- ruary n, 1879, age 79 years. She resides with her daughter, Mrs. Sawyer, in Leyden. .0 CHILDREN, all bora in Leyden. 1. Frances Elizabeth 7 Denison ; born September 8, 1839; married January n, 1860, John Hamilton Newcomb, of Leyden. 2. Maria Rucy 7 , born August 15, 1841; married, November 25, 1877, Henry Clayton Howe, of Gill, Massachusetts, son of Asa and Almira Howe. 220 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILD. 1. Mary Denison 8 Howe, born January i, 1877 ; resides in Monona, Iowa. 3. Edward Hapgood 7 , born June 9, 1843 > married, February 16, 1871, Lestina Dorrell, born October 20, 1851, daughter of Harris and Caroline (Darling) Dorrell. He is a farmer in Leyden ; four children. 4. Ellen Louise 7 , born August 3, 1844; married, February 19, 1876, Charles Frederick Sawyer, of Fitchburg, Massachusetts; resides in Leyden ; is a painter. 5. Marion Harriet 7 , born June 17, 1848; married, October 21, 1885, David Ashcroft, a farmer of Whateley, Massachusetts. No children. 6. Eva Juline 7 , born October 12, 1851 ; married, Clinton Addison Ware, December 3, 1873 ; resides in Northfield, Massachusetts ; a farmer, with two children. 7. George Henry 7 , born August 4, 1854; married, April 17, 1890, Jacobina Koch; a farmer ; resides on the old homestead. No children. 8. Carrie Jeanette 7 , born April 26, 1857; married, December it, 1878, Albert Brown Warren, a farmer of Bernardston, Massachusetts ; two children. IV. Mary 6 , born in Boxboro' ; died in Boston, September 16, 1826, in the eleventh year of her age. 27. FRANCIS* (Jonathan*, John?, Thomas? Skadrach 1 ), born August 2, 1792, at Marlboro'; died at Holden, December 31, 1872 ; married, December, 1814, Dorcas Willis, born February 12, 1793, at Sudbury, daughter of Jesse and Sarah Willis; died May n, 1839, at Medway ; he married, second, March 30, 1841, Jemima, daughter of Ephraim Whitney, of Upton, born January 6, 1795 ; died August 14, 1848, at FIFTH GENERATION. 221 Holden. No children. He married, third, January 11, 1859, Laura (Howard) Chamberlain, born January 3, 1804; died October 17, 1866, and he married, fourth, December 24, 1867, Lavinia Ann Davis, born May 7, 1812 ; died about 1894, at New Ipswich, New Hampshire. CHILDREN, all by first wife. 69 I. Gilbert 6 , born April 21, 1816, at Marlboro'; married Hannah Scripture, of Dubuque, Iowa. II. Salome 6 , born March 30, 1818; married July 19, 1840, Daniel White, at Thompson, Connecticut, son of John White, of Leicester, Massachusetts. CHILD. 1. Son 7 born 1842; died in infancy, at West Medway. III. Hannah 6 , born at Marlboro', March 14, 1820; married at Mendon, February i, 1842, George Capron, born 1819, at Cumberland Hill, Rhode Island; resided in Holden. He died at Worcester, April, 1879, ar >d sne married, second, James Elder, of Worcester, who died aged 74, and she married, third, Horace L. Fisk, of Athol, who died at Paxton, aged 79, and she married, fourth, October 4, 1893, Martin F. Peeler, born at Holden, August 21, 1820. CHILDREN, both by first husband. 1. Alfretta 7 Capron, born May 16, 1843, at Uxbridge, where she died September, 1844. 2. Almira 7 , born December 26, 1852, at Mendon married, March 25, 1875, at Charlotte, North Carolina, Artemas Ward Johnson, born January 6, 1814, at Holliston, Massachusetts; died November 6, 1886, at Gainesville, Florida; no children; she married, second, July 23, 1895, at Worcester, George Henry Boyd, born May 25, 1847, at Worcester, where they reside. 70 IV. Jonathan 6 , born January 7, 1823, at Holden ; married, September 12, 1843, Mary Ann Condy Warren, born July 30, 1825, at Paxton. V. Sarah 6 , born May I, 1825; married, November 20, 1844, at Mendon, Deacon Isaac Thomas Johnson, born July n, 1819, son of Rufus and Hannah Johnson, of Upton, Massachusetts, where he resides. 222 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. Hannah Newton 7 Johnson, born September 17, 1850, at Upton; unmarried. 2. Harrison Willis 7 , born May 8, 1854; married, November 18, 1880, Ida Emogene Searles; resides in Worcester. No children. 3. Olive Mason 7 , born December 26, 1857 ; unmarried. 71 VI. Samuel 6 , born December 21, 1827; married Maria Eliza- beth Woodward. VII. Martha 6 , born February i, 1831 ; died July 5, 1836. VIII. Robert 6 , born June 19, 1833, at Medway; married, April 18, 1857, Sarah S., daughter of James and Catharine C. (Keen) Cutting, of Templeton, Massachusetts; resides in Chelsea, Massachusetts; a watch repairer in Boston. No children. IX. Oliver Mason 6 , born April 3, 1836, at Medway; died April 9, 1853, at Holden. X. Francis 6 , born December 14, 1838, at Medway; married, Lucia Hooker, of Rutland ; resided in West Boylston, Massachusetts. He married, second, 1892, Helen Bowen, and removed to Maine. No children recorded by second marriage. CHILDREN. I. Robert 7 , born in Worcester, and died young. II. Charles 7 , born in Worcester, and died young. 28. AARON* (Thomas*, Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach*}, born Sep- tember 1 8, 1 774, at Marlboro' ; died about 1 844, at Stowe ; married, Sarah Carr, of Sudbury, born 1788; died 1872, at Sudbury. CHILDREN. I. Eliza 6 , born June 27, 1806 (?); married, May 13, 1828, at Concord, Andrew C. Dole, of Framingham; died at Newton. II. Sarah Carr 6 , born March 8, 1808; died September 18, 1820. III. Ann 6 , born December i, 1809; died, South Sudbury. FIFTH GENERATION. 223 IV. Aaron Hamilton 6 , born May 16, 1812; removed to New York City; married, and had twelve children. En- listed in the army with his oldest son (?), Henry Otis, 1861, and not further reported. V. Abigail 6 , born April 9, 1813, at Waltham ; married (pub- lished April 16, 1836), Jonas C. Munroe, of Concord. VI. William Harrison 6 , born July 22, 1815, at Marlboro'; married at Framingham. No other record obtained. VII. Henry Otis 6 , born April I, 1818; married, 1844, Margaret Kenney, of Ireland; she died March 23, 1890. CHILDREN. I. John H. 7 , born 1851 ; died August 24, 1873. II. George William 7 , born June 10, 1854, at Marlboro'; married, May 12, 1874, Nellie M. Rice, and second, January, 1884, Annie Branning, who died September, 1891, and he married third, June 10, 1892, Mrs. Victoria Perry Morry. CHILDREN. I. Estella Mabel 8 , born April 22, 1885 (by second wife), at Worcester; died May a, 1885. II. Eva Viola 8 , born March 12, 1891; died March 19, 1895. III. Mabel 8 , born October 26, 1892 (by third wife); died January i, 1893; resides in Marlboro' ; a farmer. III. Edward Francis 7 , born July I, 1858; married, June 10, 1892, Victory Morry, daughter of his brother's third wife by her first husband ; resides at Marlboro' ; a shoemaker. VIII. Asa 6 , born 1821, at Marlboro'; died at Hartford, Vermont. IX. Sarah 6 , born 1825, at.Northboro'; died 1837. 29. THOMAS*, (Thomas*, Joseph 3 , Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born August 24, 1776; married, June 27, 1803, at Marlboro', Mary Witt, born July 17, 1781. He died December 6, 1846 ; his widow died January 17, 1874. 224 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. Elvira 6 , born November 9, 1803; died September 2, 1805. 72 II. Ira 6 , born January 17, 1805 ; married Persis Bigelow. III. Elvira 6 , born September 15, 1806; married May 13, 1827, Aaron Bigelow, of Marlboro', born April 29, 1 796 ; died February II, 1861 ; she died February 9, 1892. CHILDREN. 1. George Hapgood 7 Bigelow, born September 28, 1838; died August 31, 1860. 2. Francis D. 7 , born October 22, 1842; died August 3i, 1853. 73 IV. Gilman 6 , born February i, 1809; married, Susan Wright Ross. V. William 6 , born March 11, 1811; died May 13, 1813. VI. Mary Ann 6 , born July 20, 1813; married at Marlboro', May i, 1832, George Brigham, born at Hudson, October 12, 1808; resided in New Hampshire. She died November 23, 1878, and he April 6, 1888, at Hudson. CHILDREN. 1. Frances Augusta 7 Brigham, born March 27, 1833 ; married, July i, 1849, John A. Goddard, of Berlin ; a farmer. 2. Mary Eliza 7 , born December 9, 1835; married, 1853, Thomas L. Barnard, of Marlboro'. 3. Caleb Benjamin 7 , born September 14, 1837; mar- ried, September, 1879, Augusta Frye, of Bolton. 4. Willard Ebenezer 7 , born April 9, 1839; married, April 25, 1861, Abby Randall, born February 3, 1842; resides in Marlboro'; Railroad Messenger. 5. George W. 7 , born April 9, 1841 ; died June 23, 1843. 6. Ella Sophia 7 , born November 24, 1843; resides in Marlboro' ; unmarried. 7. Harriet Newell 7 , born August 17, 1844; married, June 2, 1864, Hiram W. Chase, of Boylston; resides in Hudson ; a provision dealer. VII. Harriet 6 , born January 4, 1817, at Marlboro'; married, Edward Ball, of Northboro', born June 12, 1807; removed to Poplar Grove, Illinois, where he died June 27, 1889. FIFTH GENERATION. 225 CHILDREN. 1. George Dana 7 Ball, born May 29, 1835, at North- boro'; died February 20, 1845. 2. Harriet 7 , born December 20, 1836; married, at Chemung, Illinois, November 25, 1857, G. T. Wheeler, born August 14, 1828, at East Ham- burg, New York. 3. John Baker 7 , born October 14, 1838; died October 2, 1894. 4. Edward Baker 7 , born March 17, 1840; married, June 12, 1868, Mary E. Cowan, of Fall River. 5. Helen Maria 7 , born January 3, 1842; married, February 7, 1872, John C. Shackell, of New York City. She died at Poplar Grove, Novem- ber 22, 1873. 6. Oliver Puffer 7 , born April 12, 1844; married, December i, 1885, Hattie B. Wheeler, of Brighton, New York. 7. Willie 7 , born February 20, 1846; died March 21, 1846. 8. Mary Sophia 7 , born March 7, 1847; married, December 13, 1866, George Ray, of Fall River, Massachusetts. 9. Abbie Emerson 7 , born March 27, 1853 ; married, November 21, 1877, Joseph H. Emmons, of Chicago; he died November 30, 1893. 10. Annie Caroline 7 , born August 14, 1856; twin with Alice; married, September 17, 1879, George G. Moore, of Poplar Grove. 11. Alice Augusta 7 , born August 14, 1856; married, September 4, 1878, Thomas G. Merritt, born April 8, 1855, at Hinsdale, Pennsylvania. 12. Charlotte 7 , born July 20, 1859; married, April 3, 1879, at Poplar Grove, Edward H. Burnside, born June 27, 1853. 13. Nahum 7 , born February 6, 1862; died March 3, 1862. 74 VIII. William George 6 , born December 2, 1819; married, May 16, 1842, Caroline Brunswick Howe. IX. Caroline Augusta 6 , born October i, 1821 ; married, Sep- tember i, 1840, Ai Roe, born December 30, 1815, at Bolton; died February 3, 1892; she died August 30, 1847- 226 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. Frances Emma 7 Roe, born August 10, 1841 ; mar- ried, August 21, 1862, Edwin D. Wood, born at Marlboro' ; resides in Hudson. 2. Abbe Jane 7 , born at Bolton, August 24, 1843 5 married, April 6, 1862, George Morse, of Berlin; resides in Sudbury ; a farmer. 3. Charles E. 7 , born April 28, 1846, at Bolton; mar- ried, November 21, 1870, at Lancaster, Massa- chusetts, Jennie C. Brown, of Sudbury. 76 X. Thomas Emerson 6 , born May u, 1824; married, June 25, 1850, Nancy Sophia, daughter of Hastings and Nancy (Spear) Brigham, born in Boston April 12, 1825; taken to Vermont in childhood to be educated ; removed to Marlboro' to teach school, where she met and married Thomas Emerson. 30. AsA 5 (Thomas*, JosepJP, Thomas 1 , Shadrack 1 ), born April 13, 1785 ; married, first, 1812, Phebe, daughter of Jonah Rice, born February 3, 1789, at Marlboro; died June 18, 1826, and he married, second, October 21, 1830, at Boston, Mary, daughter of William and Sophia (Brown) Manning, Esquire, formerly editor of the Worcester Spy ; born May 22, 1799; died January 6, 1876. He died December 29, 1864. CHILDREN. I. Rebecca 6 , born 1812; died March 9, 1823. II. Laura Ann 6 , born March 4, 1814, at Marlboro'; married, Thanksgiving Day, 1837, Rufus Coolidge, of Bolton, who died August 26, 1889; she died August 18, 1895; resided at Marlboro ; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. William 7 , Coolidge, born . 2. Charles 7 , born . 3. Silas 7 , born . 4. Laura 7 , born . FIFTH GENERATION. 227 5. Rufus 7 , born 6. Lucy 7 , born 7. Joseph 7 , born 8. Tileston 7 , born And three others who died in infancy. III. Lucy Woods 6 , born January 8, 1820; died January 12, 1857; married September 2, 1840, John Howe Peters, mer- chant; born February 28, 1820; died May 10, 1887. CHILDREN. 1. Lucy Woods 7 Peters, born June 28, 1841 ; married, January 25, 1866, Charles W. Gleason, of the woolen manufacturing firm C. W. and A. D. Gleason, at Rock Bottom, Massachusetts. 2. John Melville 7 , born September 22, 1843 ; died January 13, 1847. 3. John Melville 7 , born February 10, 1849; married, December 25, 1879, Mary P. Campbell, from Machias, Maine. IV. Abbie E. Manning 6 , born November 3, 1836 (by second wife); married, December 10, 1856, John Gibson Busfield, born September 8, 1829, at Leeds, England; a machinist. CHILDREN. 1. Theodore Elmer 7 , Busfield, born September 27, 1858, at Maynard; married, March 23, 1886, at New Haven, Connecticut, Hattie Amelia Smith, born May, 1862. 2. Mary Gertrude 7 , born October 6, 1862, at Hudson, where she resides ; unmarried. V. Theodore Brown 6 , born August 25, 1838; married, Octo- ber 9, 1867, at Boston, Sarah Frances, daughter of Perez and Nancy Ayer Mason, born July 19, 1843, at Tunbridge, Vermont ; resides in Allston, Massachu- setts ; cashier Bradstreet's mercantile agency, Boston. CHILDREN. I. Theodore 7 Brown, Jr., born August 28, 1871, at Boston, was graduated from Latin School, 1891, studied two years at Museum of Fine Arts, now established in Boston as decorative artist and designer. 228 HAPGOOD FAMILY. II. Marietta Stewart 7 , born June 26, 1873; died May 10, 1875. III. Allan Mason 7 , born May 12, 1877; died January, 1878, in Boston. 31. JAMES WOODS* (Thomas? Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born April 21, 1787, at Marlboro' ; married October 26, 1814, Lucy 5 , daughter of Francis and Mary 4 (Hapgood) Howe, born October 21, 1788, at Marlboro'; died April 18, 1845, at Northboro'. He died May 8, 1854, at Boylston ; a wheelwright. CHILDREN. I. Eliphalet 6 , born February 26, 1815, at Marlboro', where he died July 20, 1821. II. Lucy Howe 6 , born March 14, 1817; married, 1838, at Bolton, Massachusetts, Calvin Perry; she died at Shrewsbury, January 29, 1848. III. Harriet S. 6 , born September 12, 1819; married, 1843, at Northboro', Nahum Brigham; she died August 10, 1848, at Boylston, he at Worcester, 1850. IV. Sarah 6 , born November 10, 1821; died October 11, 1824, at Marlboro'. V. Augusta Rebecca 6 , born August 15, 1824 ; married, October 7, 1845, at Northboro', Fred Burdett, of Clinton. VI. Phebe Ann 6 , born December 7, 1827 : married, October 20, 1847, at Boylston, John Hervey Moore, who died March 7, 1889. CHILDREN. 1. Edward Hervey 7 Moore, born October 21, 1850. 2. Fred A. 7 , born July 11, 1853. 3. Emma Ann 7 , born November 30, 1857. VII. Sarah Louisa 6 , born Aprils, ^30 ; married April 17, 1847, at Boylston, Henry White, of Boylston Centre. VIII. Eliphalet G. 6 , born November 2, 1832; died Novembers, 1832. IX. Frederick A. 6 , born November 5, 1833, at Northboro'; died October 25, 1841 (all the others born in Marlboro'). FIFTH GENERATION. 229 32. JosiAH 5 (Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born March 7, 1779 ; married May 29, 1806, Elizabeth, daughter of Joseph and Lovina (Barnes) Maynard, of Marlboro', born February 7, 1783. He removed to Peru, Vermont, in 1800, grappled with the forest single handed in summer, returning to Marl- boro' to spend the winter. In 1805 he built a barn which is now standing. In 1806 he took his young bride into the wilderness and lived in the barn till he could build a house. He was a plain man, but everything he had was good ; always satisfied with his lot, and therefore always happy. He died at Peru, February 17, 1857, and his wife October I, 1853. CHILDREN. 76 I. Joseph Jackson 6 , born January 29, 1805, at Marlboro'; married, November 28, 1832, Hepsibah Barnard. II. Elizabeth 6 , born December 6, 1806, at Peru, Vermont; married, February 27, 1834, Jesse, son of Jesse and Lydia (Brooks) Brown, born December 6, 1805; died February 16, 1889, at Peru, a farmer; she died Sep- tember 23, 1837. No children. III. Lovina 6 , born May 8, 1809; married, January 12, 1836, Alvah Brooks, of Halifax, Vermont; removed to Illinois, where he died, a farmer; she died at Elgin, Illinois, September 2, 1869. IV. Persis 6 , born July 24, 1811; married, January 12, 1836, W. W. Whitney, born March n, 1810, at Peru, son of Nathan and Fina (Wheeler) Whitney, who died September 6, 1887. She died February 16, 1887. CHILDREN. 1. Charles William 7 Whitney, born June 15, 1837; married, November 6, 1865, Matilda M. Baker, of Danby, Vermont ; farmer. 2. Louise Lavina 7 , born March 20, 1839; died at Peru, December 21, 1893; a telegraph opera- tor; unmarried. 3. Josiah Hapgood 7 born January 20, 1 843 ; married, November 22, 1866, Mary J. Walker; a farmer. 230 HAPGOOD FAMILY. V. Mary 6 , born September 28, 1813 ; married, April 25, 1844, John Q. Adams, of Croydon, New Hampshire, son of Moses and Sally Adams, born April 6, 1818; resides in Peru ; a farmer. She died, 1880. CHILDREN. 1. Alma 7 Adams, born . 2. Carrie', born . 3. Almond 7 , born . VI. Josiah 6 , born October 15, 1815 ; died in childhood. VII. Almira 6 , born November 23, 1817; married February 10, 1848, Barton, son of Allen and Mary (Butterfield) Aldrich, of Westmoreland, New Hampshire, born Jan- uary 15, 1821 ; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. George Slade 7 Aldrich, born February 14, 1850, at Westmoreland, married, Georgiana Emogene Lawrence, of Grafton, Vermont. 2. Mary Elizabeth 7 , born September 25, 1851 ; mar- ried, November 28, 1871, George Bacon ; resides in Bellows Falls ; a carpenter. 3. Lord Loenza 7 , born August 20, 1853, at West- moreland; died August 3, 1874. 4. Sarah Louisa 7 , born June 6, 1855; died December 23, 1857. 5. Nellie Lovina 7 , born March 31, 1860; died October 25, 1876. VIII. Jonathan 6 , born February 29, 1820; married, September 6, 1849, Aurelia E. (Davis) Marsh, born at Reading, Ver- mont, February 8, 1821. Settled with his father on his extensive farm in Peru, tenderly cared for the wants of his venerable parents, built a new house, made great improvements on the farm, held important official posi- tions, represented the town two years in the Legisla- ture; died in Manchester, Vermont, March 15, 1883; his wife died December 22, 1881. No children. IX. Ruth 6 , born December 10, 1823; married, November i, 1843, Lucius Carlos Davis, born in Reading, Vermont, March 24, 1819, where he resided, and died December n, 1891 ; a farmer. FIFTH GENERATION. 231 CHILDREN. 1. Myron A. 7 Davis, born August 17, 1848; married Belle Byron; resided in Felchville (Reading), a machine manufacturer, and died October 1 6, 1893. 2. Cornelia E. 7 , born , and died at the age of eighteen months. 3. Frank H. 7 , born November 29, 1854; married Rosie Chamberlain, of Plymouth, Vermont; resides on the old homestead farm in Reading, taking the best of care of his venerable mother. 4. Nellie C. 7 , born March 8, 1856; married, Frank S. Griffin; resides in Masonville, Iowa, o. Fred Carlos 7 , born May 29, 1862; married, Nellie Mitchell, of Weathersfield, Vermont. X. Joseph', born August u, 1827, in Peru, Vermont; mar- ried, January 15, 1852, Mary Esther Gates, of Stow, born August 13, 1831 ; died May 23, 1885. He was born and educated in Peru ; carried on a farm there for several years, adjoining his father's, but became impatient of farming, and in 1874 h fi removed to Maynard, Massachusetts, where he died July 13, 1887; a shoemaker. CHILDREN. I. Mary Ella 7 , born June 8, 1855, at Peru; died June 2, 1869, in Marlboro'. - II. Eunice Elizabeth 7 , born January 2, 1858, at West- moreland; died October 19, 1879, at Maynard. III. Joseph Rufus 7 , born November 7, 1859, at Stow, Massachusetts; resided in Maynard; a carpen- ter ; died February 22, 1897. IV. James Henry Augustus 7 , born December 29, 1862, at Bolton ; a carpenter; resides in Nashua, New Hampshire. V. Myron Edward 7 , born October 25, 1864, at Bolton; resided in Maynard; a travelling agent: died February i, 1896, in Portland, Maine; interred in Marlboro, Massachusetts ; unmarried. VI. Ella May 7 , born May 2, 1873, at Marlboro'. 232 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 33. JOSEPH 5 (Joseph*, Joseph, Thomas*, Skadrach 1 }, born November 17, 1784; married, November 26, 1807, Susanna Maynard, widow of Luther Maynard, and daughter of John Maynard, of Sudbury, where she was born, May I, 1785. Joseph was a wheelwright by trade, and first settled in Marlboro', where most of his children were born. Subse- quently he lived in Stow, Sterling, West Boylston, Sutton and Grafton. These changes were advisable in order to procure employment for his large and growing family. There were cotton factories at these places, and it was customary for young people to work in them nine months of the year, the remaining three being spent in school. The closing years of Joseph's life were passed in West Boylston, where he died November 19, 1861. His wife died April i, 1860. CHILDREN. I. Susan 6 , born September 2, 1809, in Marlboro'; married, November 5, 1829, Thomas Lewis, of Sterling, born June 26, 1804; died January 4, 1890, of pneumonia; she died September i, 1883, at Clinton, Massachusetts, of typhoid dysentery. CHILDREN. 1. Charles Henry T Lewis, born December 9, 1830 ; married, first, August u, 1855, Sarah Lucinda Carlton, and second, he married, June 15, 1867, Caroline Augusta Trowbridge, born May 12, 1827, at South Framingham, Massachusetts; she died August 15, 1892. 2. George Thomas 7 , born April 14, 1832; married, August 30, 1860, Caroline C. Divoll, of North- boro'. 3. Serena Maria 7 , born October 28, 1833; married, November 25, 1863, Charles E. Crowl; died July 31, 1872. FIFTH GENERATION. 233 4. John Burdett 7 , born March 15, 1835 ; married, Feb- ruary 24, 1864, Mary E. Welsh; died April 22, I873- 5. Susan Sophia 7 , born June 30, 1837; married, June I, 1856, Robert P. Lanchester, of Bliss, Idaho; she died September i, 1883. 6. Abbie Burdett 7 , born July 15, 1839; married, April i, 1858, Albert W. Lowe, of Clinton. 7. Ellen Charlotte 7 , born March 28, 1841 ; married, April i, 1864, Obed Ware; she died December 18, 1873. 8. Eliza Ann 7 , born April n, 1843; died April 29, 1843. 9 Marshall James 7 , born June 27, 1844; enlisted August 22, 1864, in Company C, Fourth Massa- chusetts Heavy Artillery, discharged June 17, 1865 ; married, May 28, 1876, Helen M. Simons, at Detroit Lake, Minnesota. 10. Albert Jerome 7 , born March i, 1846; married, August, 1864, Addie Harriman; enlisted with his brother Marshall, in same company, and discharged at same time ; died June 29, 1883. 11. Sarah Lucinda 7 , born January 18, 1848; married, November 27, 1867, Phylander H. Ware, of Hudson. 12. Waldo Joseph 7 , born December 11, 1849; mar - ried, June 18, 1874, Nellie Neil, of Mango, Florida. 13. Walter Smith 7 , born December 8, 1851; married, January i, 1873, Mary C. Parks, of Stow, Massachusetts. II. Persis 6 , born March 22, 1811; married, May 29, 1833, Jonathan Whitcomb, born January 17, 1806, at Little- ton, Massachusetts; he died September 3, 1887; s. p. 77 III. Luther Maynard 6 , born June 6, 1813, at Marlboro'; mar- ried Olive W. Houghton. IV. Harriet 6 , born ; married, first, May 3, 1834, at West Boylston, James E. Gould, and, second, May 10, 1853, Daniel Warner, at Woodville, Massachusetts. CHILDREN, by first husband. 1. Unnamed 7 , son, born April 19, 1836, at Clinton; died April 21, same year. 234 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 2. Edward E. 7 Gould, born March n, 1838; died February 5, 1839. 3. Marshall E 7 ., born November i, 1839; died August 24, 1845. 4. Francis A 7 , born July 28, 1841. Killed July i, 1863, at Battle of Gettysburg. 5. Hattie E. 7 , born September 6, 1843; married, April 25, 1866, Leander Morse ; resides in Marlboro'. 6. Adelaide L. 7 , born November 18, 1846; married, May u, 1867, Edward H. Thurston, of Grafton, Massachusetts; resides in Montreal, Canada. CHILDREN, by second husband. .7. Ella 7 Warner, born April n, 1854, at Southboro'; married Marcus D. Jackson ; resides in Natick, Massachusetts. 8. Amelia P. 7 , born November 24, 1857; died De- cember 23, 1865. V. Abigail Green 6 , born (named after her aunt in Ashby by whom she was brought up); married, first, in Northboro', 1836, Leonard Chase; resided in Hoi- den; and, second, she married, August 19, 1845, Luther Whitaker, a farmer of West Boylston. She died June 22, 1890, at Hudson. CHILDREN, by first husband. 1. William Henry 7 Chase, born July 6, 1837; died November 22, 1842. 2. Hiram Wesley 7 , born July 21, 1840, at Hudson. CHILDREN, by second husband. 3. Jason David 7 Whitaker, born August 13, 1846, at West Boylston; married, April 17, 1872, Addie L. Rowe, born June 2, 1846, at Salem, New Hampshire. He enlisted July 12, 1864, in Com- pany E, Forty-second Regiment, Massachusetts' Volunteer Infantry ; discharged for disability, at Camp Burrill, Alexandria, September 20, 1864. 4. George Emerson 7 , born November 27, 1850; mar- ried, November 18, 1875, Mary Ellen Randall, born February 28, 1856, at Marlboro'. 5. Nelson L. 7 , born July 5, 1854, at West Boylston ; died May 4, 1859. 6. Herbert Pliny 7 , born March 25, 1857. FIFTH GENERATION. 235 VI. Joseph Henry 6 , born November n, 1817; died October 7, 1832. VII. Charlotte 6 , born October 9, 1818; died January 4, 1819. VIII. Charles 6 , born (twin with Charlotte) October 9, 1818; mar- ried, 1845, in New York, Mrs. Elizabeth Bennett Bigelow, of England ; resided in Harvard, Massachu- setts; a farmer. She died March 24, 1897, and he March 31, 1898. CHILDREN. I. Charles Wesley 7 , born November 11, 1845; mar- ried Annie Marston, of Cambridge. CHILD. I. Ella Adelaide 8 , born February 7, 1871, at Arlington ; resided with her grandfather in Harvard. II. Sarah Elizabeth 7 , born March 9, 1849; married, January i, 1878, Edwin A. Gleason ; resides in Worcester, Massachusetts. III. Ardella 7 , born December n, 1852. IV. Mary Josephine 7 , born December 4, 1856; died September 19, 1872. V. Susan Whitney 7 , born March 26, 1860. IX. Charlotte 5 , born July 6, 1820; married, October 2, 1844, John S. Cutting, of West Boylston; he died Decem- ber 24, 1871. CHILDREN. 1. Charles M. 7 Cutting, born July 22, 1845; died April 23, 1878. 2. Lewis 7 , born November 4, 1849. 3. Frank 7 , born September 29, 1852. 78 X. John Oilman 6 , born July 6, 1822, at Stow ; married, Cynthia Hathaway. XI. Ruth Elizabeth 6 , born July 11, 1824; married, January 26, 1845, at West Boylston, Russell Lawrence. After the death of her husband Mrs. Lawrence married January i 1873, John S. Cutting (formerly husband of her deceased sister Charlotte); resided in Oakdale. No children. He died, and she resides with her son George B., in Hudson. 236 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. George B. 7 Lawrence, born December 12, 1846, at Milbury. 2. Ella E. 7 , born July 17, 1848, at Winchendon; mar- ried, Frank S. Pingry; resides in Littleton, Massachusetts. XII. Ann 6 , born December 15, 1825, at Sterling; married, Sep- tember 5, 1853, Isaac Mosher, of West Boylston; died March 8, 1857. CHILD. 1. Mary 7 Mosher, born January 19, 1857, at New Haven, Connecticut; died March 8, 1857. 34. JONATHAN 5 (Joseph*, JoseptP, Thomas*, Shadrack 1 ), born December 26, 1786; married, 1813, Betsey Elizabeth, daughter of Benjamin (born February 18, 1764, married, June 15, 1786), and Phebe (Bruce) Priest, of Marlboro', born May 26, 1789; died at Maynard, August 13, 1879. He set- tled in Princeton, Massachusetts, near Wachusett Mountain, where all his children were born, and where he died February 13, 1830, a farmer. After his death, his widow and children (1830), moved back to Marlboro, and lived in her father's old house till her children were old enough to take care of themselves. CHILDREN. 79 I. Lewis 6 , born May n, 1815; married Almira Elizabeth Stow, of Southboro', Massachusetts. II. Elmira 6 , born, 1817 ; married Nathan Bruce, from Vermont, born 1812; died December 17, 1893, at Brockton, Massachusetts. She died February 24, 1851, at Hudson. CHILD. 1. George Walter 7 Bruce, born February 28, 1841, at Marlboro'; died March 20, 1842. FIFTH GENERATION. 237 80 III. Silas 6 , born March 2, 1819; married, November 25, 1841, Susan Lawrence, of Boxboro'. IV. Phoebe 6 , born 1823 ; died September 28, 1853, at Marlboro'. 35. ISAAC* (Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas 2 , ShadracJP), born March 8, 1791 ; married, September 2, 1817, at Ashby, Massachu- setts, Abigail, daughter of Captain William Green. He set- tled in Ashby ; a farmer. Willed March 26, 1852, to his son William Green, all his estate except $50.00 given to his grandson, Isaac Henry Hodgman, son of Cyrus Hodgman, and the improvement of one-third of his real estate and the use of all his household furniture by his wife Abigail. \See Middlesex Probate^ He died November 24, 1852. CHILDREN. 81 I. William Green 6 , born January 18, 1818; married, April 2, 1837, Harriet Newell Manning. II. Abigail Buckley 6 , born December 4, 1825; married, November 15, 1848, Cyrus H. Hodgman, of Ashby. She died March 19, 1866. CHILD. 1. Isaac Henry 7 Hodgman, born July 19, 1850; re- moved to Temple, New Hampshire, where he resides ; a farmer ; unmarried. SIXTH GENERATION. 36. JOHN* (David 6 , Asa*, Thomas 3 , Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born December n, 1782, at Princeton, Massachusetts. Settled on the south part of his father's original purchase, at Read- ing, Vermont, which he sold in 1847, and removed to Como, 238 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Illinois, but returned and resided with his son Addison, and later on made his home with his elder son Elbridge, at Como, where he died January 23, 1854. He married, March 2, 1808, Sally Amsden, of Reading, born April 19, 1782; died at Denison, Iowa, April 16, 1881. CHILDREN. I. Constantine 7 , born December 26, 1808; died September 19, 1832, at New York. .82 II. Elbridge 7 , born June 8, 1812; married, August 24, 1842, Sarah Elizabeth Gilbert. 83 III. Addison 7 , born June 23, 1816; married, April 4, 1838, Lorette Louisa Dunlap. -84 IV. Lorenzo 7 , born December 7, 1819; married, November 19, 1850, Eliza Frances Breed, of Como. 37. DAVID 6 (David 5 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrac/i 1 }, born February 20, 1786. Settled on the south part of his father's original purchase at Reading, Vermont, was a prac- tical scientific farmer, and highly respected citizen, declined many civil offices to which he was invited, except that of town treasurer to which he was first chosen in 1819, and held it for twelve years. He married, January i, 1818, Sally Kimball, born August 23, 1793, at Reading; died February 15, 1875. He died November 30, 1859, of heart disease. CHILDREN. I. David Engalls 7 , born June 3, 1819; married, January 12, 1847, Cordelia Alexander, of Hartland, Vermont. He was a merchant in Nashua, New Hampshire, and died October 4, 1852. CHILD. I. Walter David 8 , born December 18, 1847, resided with his mother at Windsor, Vermont, removed SIXTH GENERATION. 239 to Stowe, Vermont ; a merchant of the firm of Moore & Hapgood, 1877; died about 1885. II. Sarah Allena 7 , born September 10, 1824; died June 9, 1825. III. Mary Louisa 7 , born July 30, 1827; married, November 10, 1851, Samuel A. Hammond, an extensive farmer at Forreston, Illinois. She died April 28, 1857. CHILD. 1. David Hapgood 8 Hammond, born March 21, 1855. 85 IV. Salmon Kimball 7 , born October 19, 1833; married, Novem- ber ii, 1858, Minerva Jane Robinson. V. Cleora Isadore 7 , born November 28, 1836; married, Febru- ary 3, 1863, Marcus A. Spaulding, a man of energy and fidelity; resided with his father upon his extensive homestead at Reading, Vermont. CHILD. 1. Child 8 , died young; not named. 38. CAPTAIN ARTEMAS G (David 6 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrac/t 1 }, born July 16, 1795 ; married, February 27, 1823, Rebecca Fay. Settled on the homestead in Reading ; a practical and industrious farmer ; died June 21, 1837. His widow married, second, June 5, 1839, Solomon S. Yuran ; resided in Tunbridge, Vermont. CHILDREN. I. Lyman 7 , born January 2, 1825; died March 2, 1826. II. Salome Fay 7 , born December 9, 1826, was graduated from the Female Seminary at Troy, New York; distin- guished for genius and scholarship ; became an eminent teacher in the South, from whence, with steadfast loyalty, she retired at the beginning of the rebellion; married Samuel A. Hammond, of Forreston, Illinois, the husband of her deceased cousin, Mary Louisa 7 . She died December 27, 1876. 240 HAPGOOD FAMILY. III. Sarah Myrick 7 , born June 26, 1828, graduated from Troy Female Seminary; married, October 4, 1859, Dennis C. Hawthorne ; resides in Leavenworth, Kansas. CHILDREN. 1. Artemas Hapgood 8 Hawthorne, born February 3, 1861 ; died December 8, 1881. 2. Rosamond Fay 8 , born January 4, 1865 ; resides in Dakin, Kansas. IV. Jane 7 , born September 18, 1831, on the ancestral farm, at Reading, Vermont; graduated from Troy Female Seminary, 1850; taught in South Carolina four years ; in Illinois four years ; Vice-Principal of Cleveland Female Seminary two years ; was in charge of St. Agnes Hall, Bellows Falls, Vermont, and in 1869 took a lease of it for twenty years, surrendering the work at the expiration of the lease, as the founding of a Diocesan School for Girls rendered it obsolete. By nature altruistic, she has devoted her life to works ot benevolence. V. Lucinda Bigelow 7 , born November 27, 1834; died June 12, 1838. 39. BRiDGMAN, 6 ESQ. (David b , Asa*, T/iomas 3 , Thomas*, Shad- rack 1 ), born August 13, 1799. Was early apprenticed to his brother-in-law, Edmund Durrin, Esq., a woolen manufacturer at Weathersfield, Vermont. From 1820 to 1824 he was an invalid. On regaining his health, he embarked in mercantile business at Reading, and pursued it with energy and success. In 1832 established in the conterminous town of Bridge- water a branch store, erected a mill in Plymouth, near by, for the manufacture of potato starch, and, having in the meantime purchased of the heirs of his brother Artemas the ancient homestead of his father, he also became exten- sively engaged in farming. In 1830 he was appointed post- master, and in 1836 a justice of the peace, which office he held SIXTH GENERATION. 241 seventeen years, solemnizing marriages enough to indicate a dearth of clergymen. In 1837 and 1838 he was elected representative, served ten years as town clerk, nine in suc- cession as chairman of the board of selectmen, five years as trustee of a surplus revenue, and often as a county road commissioner. He was also a director of the County Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and repeatedly appointed executor of wills and administrator of estates. In his pursuits, with all his irons in the fire, he was successful until the great crisis in money affairs in 1841-42, and the consequent derangement of business and the passage of the General Bankrupt Law, when he sustained heavy losses. In 1844 he disposed of his mercantile and farming interests at a sacrifice, and in 1853 removed to Claremont, New Hampshire, where in 1855 he established a general store of hardware, including agricultural implements, mechanical tools, etc. He married, April 19, 1829, Elizabeth Morrison, of Reading, Vermont, born June 24, 1807 ; died February 9, 1830, and he married, second, June 29, 1835, Laura M. Weston, born April 17, 1808; died October 24, 1860. He died January 8, 1877, and was buried by the Masonic Fraternity, of which he was a member, with marked expressions of sorrow and respect. CHILDREN, all born in Reading. I. Harriet Elizabeth 7 , born January 22, 1830 (by first wife); died August 25, same year. II. Sarah 7 , born May 25, 1836 (by second wife); died Sep- tember i, 1836. III. Mary Ella 7 , born February 5, 1838; married, October 14, 1863, at Claremont, New Hampshire, Henry A., son of Aurelius and Frances M. Dickinson, born May 12, 1831. His father was a prominent and wealthy citizen, and large real estate owner in Hartford, Connecticut, 242 HAPGOOD FAMILY. where Henry was born. About 1838, the father re- moved with his family, to Claremont, purchased the Tremont House in that town, and for many years carried on the hotel, taking his son Henry in with him later. They subsequently leased the hotel, and went into the shoe business for a few years ; but, in 1879, the hotel and store were destroyed by fire, and as his father died the next year, that business was not resumed. He then turned his attention to real estate, and in 1885 was elected a member of the Legislature, and as a member of the House, was especially active in procuring the passage of a most stringent insurance policy law. For several years he had been in failing health, but his condition did not create alarm until within four or five days of his death, which occurred on the 4th of November, 1888. CHILDREN. 1. Henry Grant 8 Dickinson, born June 19, 1868, at Claremont ; graduated from the high school, and was intended for college ; but the early death of his father rendered it advisable for him to abandon this course, and take up and carry forward the large real estate and insurance business he had established. Faithful to every duty, and especially devoted to the welfare and happiness of his mother, he has met that suc- cess in business his merits deserve. Three other children were born to this union, all of whom died in infancy. IV. Edgar Lyman 7 , born April 22, 1841 ; died January 28, 1875, at Claremont; unmarried. The following obituary appeared in a local paper : "The death of Postmaster Edgar L. Hapgood has caused a pang of sorrow in the breast of many of our citizens. He was born in Reading, Vermont, 1841. When fourteen years of his life were spent, his father, Bridg- man Hapgood, removed to Claremont, New Hamp- shire. In 1863, Edgar became a clerk in the store of George H. Stowell, where, by faithfulness and atten- tion to the interests of his employer, he won the respect and esteem of all who knew him. In the early part of 1870 he was admitted a partner in the livery SIXTH GENERATION. 243 business with Mr. Stowell, which relation was severed only by his death. His fellow-citizens, appreciating his worth, secured for him the appointment of post- master. So ably and satisfactorily was the position filled, that a unanimous petition of citizens procured for him a reappointment by President Grant, in 1874. In his death the town has lost a most worthy citizen, the post-office department a reliable official, and the family a loving friend and brother." V. Laura Elizabeth 7 , born January 25, 1843; d' e d July 8, 1861. 40. ELMORE 6 (Asa 5 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach*), born October 29, 1787; married, at Jericho, Vermont, March 14, 1813, Rheuanna, daughter of William and Ruth (Wood) Smith, born at Jericho, October 7, 1790. She died at Essex, Vermont, September 13, 1833, and he at Bolton, Vermont, October 16, 1854; resided at Jericho; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Hannah 7 , born February 14, 1815; died at Jericho, May 27, 1821. II. Martin E. 7 , born October 3, 1816; married, Mary Hani- ford; resided in Underbill, Vermont, a carpenter, where he died October 14, 1890. No children. III. Chloe 7 , born July 20, 1818, at Jericho, Vermont; married, Hoyet Cooper; resided in Twin Bluffs, Wisconsin. He died December 11, 1893. IV. Emily 7 , born February 2, 1820; died August 17, 1828, at Jericho. V. John S. 7 , born May 9, 1822; married, November 29, 1854, at Huntington, Vermont, Deborah Blair, born August 8, 1822, at Ascott, Canada, daughter of James and Betsey (Cox) Blair; resides in Bolton, Vermont, an intelligent and prosperous farmer. CHILDREN. I. George F. 8 , born August 26, 1856, at Richmond, Vermont; married, April 26, 1883, at Jericho, 244 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Effie, daughter of Azro and Martha (Pinneo) Davis, born September i, 1864; resides in Jericho ; a farmer. No children. II. Ettie 8 , born May 16, 1858; died March 9, 1866, at Richmond. III. Melissa 8 , born August 31, 1863; resides in Bolton. IV. John E. 8 , born February 15, 1869, at Bolton; a farmer; unmarried. VI. Emily 7 , born July 19, 1824; married, Chellis Wellman, of Dakota. VII. Hannah 7 , born July 10, 1826; married, Edwin Pratt, resides in Richland Center, Wisconsin. VIII. Adaline 7 , born October 25, 1828; married, Clark Ford; resides in Waitsfield, Vermont; a farmer. IX. Frank 7 , born May n, 1830; married, and resides in Twin Bluffs, Wisconsin; a farmer. X. Edwin 7 , born September 15, 1832, at Essex, Vermont; resides in Wilmot, Wisconsin. XI. Edgar 7 , born September 15, 1832, at Essex, Vermont, twin with Edwin; died March 20, 1849, m Jericho, Vermont. 41. CHARLES 6 (Asa 5 , Asa*, T/wmas 3 , T/wmas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born November 18, 1790, at Reading, Vermont; married at Rush- ford, New York,' November 5, 1820, Lucy, daughter of James Kendall, of Windsor, Vermont ; resided in Rushford, a large farmer; died November 4, 1847. CHILDREN, all bom in Rushford, Alleghany County, New York. I. Harriet 7 , born February n, 1822; married, in Rushford, March 28, 1847, Perry Corse, of Norway, Herkimer County, New York, a brother to the wife of Dexter M. 7 Hapgood, born January 7, 1822. She died in Rushford, March 19, 1855. CHILDREN. 1. Ellen 8 Corse, born April 7, 1848, at Rushford; married, January 10, 1879, Richard Van Name, SIXTH GENERATION. 245 born April 17, 1845, i n Centerville, New York. * No children. 2. Elbert 8 , born February 12, 1850; unmarried. 3. Emma 8 , born July 4, 1852; unmarried. 86 II. Harrison 7 , born November 5, 1823 ; married, October, 1849, Helen Adaline, daughter of Nathan C. Kimball, born August 21, 1830. III. Emily 7 , born March 26, 1825; died at Cedar Falls, Sep- tember 7, 1897 ; married, September 13, 1847, at Rushford, William Allen Emerson (son of Allen Emerson, born April 19, 1783, in Dunstable, Massa- chusetts; died May 5, 1852, at Amity, Pennsylvania), born June 7, 1818, at Manlius, New York; resides in Cedar Falls, Iowa. CHILDREN. 1. Eugene Hapgood 8 Emerson, born July 3, 1848, at Amity, Pennsylvania; married, March 20, 1875, at Sioux City, Iowa, Harriet E. Raymond, born at Newcastle, Wisconsin, July 12, 1849; resides in Siloam Springs ; a lumber merchant. Guy L. V. Emerson, Assistant Attorney for the Missouri, Kansas & Texas Railway Company, residing in Muskogee, Indian Territory, is a son of the above. 2. Augusta Emily 8 , born November 17, 1850, at Amity, Pennsylvania; married, November 17, 1875, at South Creek, Nebraska, Luther T. Reed, born in Tiffin, Ohio, 1846; resides in Lamar, Missouri ; a land agent. 3. Clara Gustina 8 , born August 19, 1853, at Amity, Pennsylvania; married, January II, 1888, at Cedar Falls, Iowa, Charles Johnson, born in Sullivan County, New York, July 8, 1843 re * sides in Lakeside, Washington; a fruit grower. 4. Evangeline Alzina 8 , born April 30, 1855, at Amity, Pennsylvania ; married, September 13, 1876, Moses F. Batcheller, born January 3, 1853, at Burrillville, R. I.; resides in Cedar Falls, Iowa; a farmer. 5. William Almon 8 , born March 9, 1857, at Clymer, New York; killed by lightning May 17, 1877. 6. Emma 8 , born February 21, 1859; died young. 246 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 7. Ella 8 , born February 21, 1859; twin with Emma; died young. 8. Charles Edward 8 , born February 27, 1861 ; married, October 28, 1885, at Cedar Falls, Elsie Smith, born in Rockford, Illinois, August 19, 1862; resides in Lamar, Missouri; a farmer. IV. Nelson 7 , born November 10, 1826; died at Rushford, July 13, 1837. 87 V. Dexter Milton 7 , born July 16, 1828; married, July 15, 1848, Julia Corse, of Norway, New York. VI. Charles G. 7 , born March 18, 1831; resided in Rochester, New York; a lawyer and dealer in real estate; died August 6, 1896, of diabetes; unmarried. VII. Lucy 7 , born February 2, 1834; died at Rushford, Septem- ber 19, 1838. VIII. Jane 7 , born June 12, 1836; married, December 24, 1855, George Lemuel Williams, born at Franklin, New York, about 1832, died, February i, 1860; she married, second, November 2, 1863, Peter Diamond, born in Vermont ; removed to Battle Creek, Jackson County, Michigan. In November, 1882, he fell from a brick building and was instantly killed. CHILDREN, by first husband. 1. Ida 8 Williams, born March 13, 1856, in Cattaraugus County, New York; married, July 4, 1872, at Napoleon, Jackson County, Michigan, William Henry Hudson, born May 8, 1851, at Michigan Centre, Michigan. 2. William F. 8 , born March 4, 1860, at Eaton Rapids, Michigan; married, November 3, 1880, at Battle Creek, Leah Reshon, born in Bigo, Lower Canada, July 28, 1857. CHILDREN, by second husband. 3. Lottie 8 Diamond, born July 18, 1864, in Augusta, Michigan; married, September 3, 1889, Nelson Brown, born in Battle Creek, July n, 1864. 4. Nellie 8 , born May 9, 1866, at Eaton Rapids; died October 18, 1867. 5. Nora 8 , born June 9, 1869, at Hickory Corners, Michigan; married, July 19, 1884, Albert SIXTH GENERATION. 247 Brown, in Battle Creek, born September 3, 1860, in Ontario Province, Canada. 6. De Witt Clinton 8 , born July 13, 1874, at Battle Creek; married, September 25, 1896, Minnie Cretson, born April 19, 1871, at Galion, Ohio. IX. George Washington 7 , born January 13, 1840, at Rushford, New York. Served in the War of the Rebellion, enlisted September 13, 1861, in Company D, Sixty- fourth Regiment New York Volunteers, wounded at the Battle of Fair Oaks, Virginia, and discharged from the service on the 3oth of September, 1862, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, as corporal ; re-enlisted as sergeant in Company B, Second Regiment Mounted Rifles New York Volunteers, December 23, 1863, for three years or during the war, and was discharged at Petersburg, Virginia, August 10, 1865; wounded in front of Petersburg, July 30, 1864. He married, November 5, 1866, at Rushford, New York, Mary Ann Bishop, born May 12, 1844, at Almond, Alleghany County, New York; resides in Raymond, Clark County, South Dakota; a farmer. CHILD. I. Frank Ashabel 8 , born June 5, 1870, at Yates, Orleans County, New York. 48. TiLLisoN 6 (Asa 5 , Asa 4 , T/zomas 3 , Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born April 13, 1792, at Jericho, Chittenden County, Vermont; married, February 13, 1823, Cynthia Bliss, born in Jericho, 1795 ; died January 22, 1878. He died September, 1850; a tanner. CHILDREN. I. Julian 7 , born April 8, 1824; married, March 16, 1851, Harriet DavSes, born November 25, 1831, at Jericho; died January 22, 1886. He died May 4, 1866; resided in Jericho ; a farmer. 248 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. George Burt 8 , born December 22, 1856; married, April 17, 1889, at Milford, Lassin County, Cali- fornia, Annie Genevieve True, born October 2, 1865, at Gold Hill, Story County, Nevada. Resides in Cedarville, Modoc County, Cali- fornia ; a dealer in horses. CHILDREN. I. Elma Genevieve 9 , born March 8, 1890. II. Jesse Almerine 9 , born July 25, 1891. II. Ida Bell 8 , born March i, 1860; died December 15, 1865. III. Clark Bliss 8 , born September 18, 1865, at Jericho ; married, May 13, 1885, at Cambridge, Vermont, Florence Beulah Wilcox, born August 31, 1865, at Cambridge. CHILDREN. I. Ella Harriet 9 , born June 18, 1887. II. Harold Clark 9 , born May 6, 1891. III. Beulah Francis 9 , born June 8, 1894. II. Henry Martin 7 , born February 6, 1830; married, June 12, 1858, at Fairfax, Vermont, Olive Abbott, born May 8, 1845. He died April 9, 1872; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Zeph 8 , born February 8, 1860, at Westford, Ver- mont; married, September 12, 1885, Minnie A. Hughes, born September 10, 1867, in Dublin, Ireland; resides in Essex Junction, Vermont; a hotel keeper. CHILDREN. I. Henry Julius 9 , born July 10, 1886. II. Olive Beatrice 9 , born September 10, 1888. III. John Hughes 9 , born April 22, 1894. II. Cynthia 8 , born September 17, 1867; died April ii, 1885. SIXTH GENERATION. 249 43. BATES TURNER" (Asa 6 , Asa*, Thomas?, Thomas 2 , Shad- rach 1 } born November 6, 1800, in Fairfax, Vermont, re- moved to Jericho, Vermont, with his parents, in 1806. On his marriage in 1826, he went to Lake Chautauqua, where he remained two years. In 1828 he made purchases of land and engaged in mercantile business, in Rushford, New York, from which he retired, 1855, twelve years pre- vious to his death. Few men have left a stronger impress upon those with whom they have been connected, either in business or other pursuits, than he. Of large stature and commanding presence, he was equally forcible in character and influence. He was one of the founders of the Rushford Academy, being the first president of the board of trustees. He also held the offices of assessor, justice of the peace, and supervisor. He served thirty-six years as trustee of the Baptist Church, and was deacon twenty-two years. He was a life member of the New York State Baptist Education Society, the American Baptist Publication, the American Baptist Missionary Union, and the Bible Union Society. He contributed articles to the Examiner and Chronicle, and other religious papers, and was a man of large reading, cultivated tastes and acquirements. He married, January 25, 1826, Alzina, daughter of Silas Taylor, formerly of Granby, Massachusetts, and died July 6, 1867. CHILDREN. I. Lucia Cornelia 7 , born March 27, 1831, at Rushford; edu- cated at Phipp's Union Seminary, Albion, New York, and graduated 1849; had many opportunities for travel, and was a woman of unusual culture and attainments. She married, September 25, 1851, Orrin Thrall, son of Timothy and Elmira (Thrall) Higgins, born August 14, 1826, in Centerville, New York. His father was born at East Haddam, Connecticut, 250 HAPGOOD FAMILY. November 24, 1801 ; studied medicine and became an eminent M. D. His mother, Elmira, was born August 18, 1807. Orrin removed to Rushford, went into mercantile business, which he prosecuted with energy, and became a distinguished and highly esteemed citizen. His wife died at Rushford, September 15, 1868, and he at Olean, March 3, 1890. CHILDREN. 1. Clara Alzina Hapgood 8 Higgins, born September 6, 1854, at Rushford ; educated at Mrs. Bryan's celebrated school, at Batavia, New York, together with a three years' course at Berlin, Germany; married, October 17, 1877, Frank Sullivan, son of William M. Smith, M. D., of Patterson, New Jersey, born October 14, 1851, at Angelica, N. Y., residing there and in New York City. The Higgins' and the Hopkins', from whom she descended, were among the first settlers in the Plymouth Colony. Constanta Hopkins, daughter of Stephen Hopkins, came with her father in the " Mayflower," and married Nicholas Snow, who came over in 1623, in the " Ann." Mary Snow married Thomas Paine, 1650. Mary Paine married, first, James Rogers, and, second, Israel Cole, 1669; Hannah Cole married Samuel Higgins, 1703 ; Daniel Higgins married Ruth Snow Browne, 1727; Israel Hig- gins, Jr., married Elizabeth Wood Aiken, 1753 ; Timothy Higgins married Lucy Whitmore, 1787; Timothy Higgins, Jr., married Elmira Thrall, 1825; Orrin Thrall Higgins married Lucia Cornelia 7 Hapgood, the mother of Clara Alzina. Richard Higgins married Lydia Chan- dler, and was one of the seven who had permis- sion to establish a colony at Eastham. His son Benjamin, married Lydia Bangs, whose father, Edward, came over in the "Ann." 2. Frank Wayland 8 , born August 18, 1856; married, June 5, 1878, at Sparta, Wisconsin, Catharine C. Noble, born July 16, 1856, at Rushford; resides in Olean, an extensive dealer in pine land, and is also a member of the New York State Senate. 3. Edwin Hapgood 8 , born September 18, 1858; died January 13, 1859. SIXTH GENERATION. 251 44. JOEL WiLSON 6 (Asa 6 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born April 21, 1802, at Fairfield, Vermont; married, Sep- tember i, 1830, at Carrol, New York, Susan Harrington, born in Whitehall, New York, August 18, 1808. Settled in Ellery, Chautauqua County, New York, and became an extensive and wealthy farmer and fruit grower. He died October 21, 1883, and his widow at Buffalo, New York, October 8, 1889. CHILDREN. 88 I. Daniel Smiley 7 , born December 15, 1832 ; married, January i, 1856, Clarissa Laura Johnson. II. Mary Ann 7 , born November 19, 1834; married, December 19, 1851, at Ellery, Ephraim Cowden, born November 1 8, 1824, at Kitone. They resided in Ellery where he died January 30, 1888. CHILDREN. 1. Emogene 8 Cowden, born January 22, 1853 ; mar- ried, October 10, 1868, at Ellery, Romatur Brown ; a farmer. 2. Louise Mary 8 , born June 12, 1855; married, December 25, 1870, at Ellery, Eugene Scofield ; a farmer. 3. Ernest Joel 8 , born August 13, 1858; married, October 29, 1890, at North Warren, Pennsyl- vania, Mary Lott ; resides in North Warren ; a doctor. 4. Morris Wells 8 , born June 28, 1861 ; married, March 8, 1895, Blanche Olmstead; resides in Gerry, Chautauqua County, New York ; a doctor. 5. Grant 8 , born November 14, 1864; resides in Ellery ; a cheese maker. 6. Charles George 8 , born March 15, 1867; married, March 10, 1895, Effie Newville; resides in Ellery ; a teamster. 7. De Forest 8 , born October 29, 1870; resides in Ellery ; a cheese maker. 8. Mark Finley 8 , born November 10, 1874; resides in Jamestown; a book-keeper. 252 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 89 III. Charles Elmore, 7 born February 15, 1840 ; married, October 20, 1867, Mrs. Loranda Simmons Klock. 90 IV. Albert 7 , born April 23, 1847; married, June 21, 1869, Ella H. Baldwin. " 45. HORACE 6 (Artemas 5 , Asa 4 , Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born May 25, 1800; married, March 22, 1823, Lucy Parsons, at Elizabethtown, New York, born February 9, 1798 ; resided in Athol, Massachusetts; a carpenter; died June 6, 1877; his widow died July 28, 1881. CHILDREN. I. Charles N. 7 , born January 25, 1825 ; died May 3, 1825. II. Henry 7 , born February 26, 1826; was twice married; actor and agent for a dramatic troupe ; now presumably an inmate of the Actors' Home', Long Island. III. Edgar 7 , born April 27, 1828; died December 4, 1852, at Boston. IV. Abigail 7 , born August 22, 1830; died January 10, 1831. V. Abby 7 , born January 31, 1836; married, January 21, 1858, Otis B. Boutwell, of Montague, Massachusetts, born December 2, 1828; was in mechanical business in Athol up to December, 1882, when he went into the grocery business at Orange Park, Florida. CHILDREN. 1. William Otis 8 Boutwell, born October 7, 1865. 2. Lucy Bernice 8 , born November 10, 1868. VI. Sarah Ella 7 , born March 5, 1839; married, 1857, Charles Holt, of Reading, Massachusetts ; he died and she married, second, August 16, 1864, Aaron Stone, of Brooklyn, New York. CHILDREN. 1. Charles Edgar 8 Holt (by first husband), born April 10, 1858, at Reading. 2. Nellie Sophia 8 Stone (by second husband), born June 4, 1867, at Brooklyn, New York. SIXTH GENERATION. 253 3. Lucy Hapgood 8 , born October 20, 1869. 4. Charles Everest 8 , born January 10, 1871. 5. William Horace 8 , born October 27, 1877. 6. Kate May 8 , born July 17, 1881. 46. CnAUNCEY 6 (Artemas 6 , Asa*, Thomas 3 , Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born October 17, 1803 ; learned the trade of wheelwright and carriage maker of Earl Rice, of Barre, Massachusetts ; mar- ried there May 2, 1833, Lucy F. Rice; returned to Peters- ham, Massachusetts, May 3, 1837, continued the business of carriage making, finding a market in northern Vermont for his carriages, where he exchanged them for cattle, which were driven back and sold. The early settlers of Vermont had little money, and most business was carried on by barter. His wife, Lucy, was born June 15, 1808, and died March 15, 1897, at Petersham; he died April 3, 1887. CHILDREN. I. Mary 7 , born November 6, 1835; married June 23, 1858, at Lowell, Massachusetts, Frederick Bryant, born Jan- uary 30, 1831, of Petersham, where he resides; chair- man of board of assessors, 1884; a farmer. CHILDREN, all born in Petersham. 1. Walter Artemas 8 , Bryant, born June 29, 1858; married, November 23, 1881, at Shutesbury, Massachusetts, Carrie A. Felton. 2. Nellie Willson 8 , born September 11, 1860: married, January 21, 1885, Herbert W. Gale, of Gardner. 3. Winifred 8 , born February 9, 1863; married, Jan- uary 3, 1883, Frank L. Gates, of Gardner. 4. Charles Hapgood 8 , born February 10, 1867; mar- ried, September 17, 1890, Ada E. Bailey, of Boston ; a merchant. 5. John Mudge 8 , born January i, 1870; resides in Boston ; a merchant. 254 HAPGOOD FAMILY. II. Charles F. 7 , born February 20, 1838; enlisted in Company F, Twenty- third Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, nine months' men ; returning home with his regiment from New Orleans, when three days out, August 8, 1863, he died on board ship and was buried at sea. III. George A. 7 , born December 29, 1839; learned the trade of carriage trimmer of Parsons & Shumway, of Belcher- town, Massachusetts; taken sick of consumption and died March 13, 1860. IV. Harriet 7 , born May 17, 1842; died July 5, 1873. V. Lyman Wilder 7 , born June 26, 1845. In common with many of the Hapgoods, he was endowed with good mechanical faculties. At first he tried his hand at carpentry, in Worcester, then removed to Boston, where he has for many years worked for Geo. S. Hutchings, the eminent church organ builder; un- married. VI. Stella 7 , born July 2, 1847 ; resides in Petersham ; unmarried. VII. Ellen Eliza 7 , born May 25, 1850; married November 26, 1872, at Petersham, Edward E. Kelton, of Athol, born July 23, 1845. CHILD. 1. Arthur 8 Kelton, born January 4, 1880. VIII. Henry Edgar 7 , born December 7, 1855; married January 18, 1890, Carrie E. Ames, of Barre, born November 27, 1859; resides in Barre ; a carpenter. No children. 47. HON. LYMAN WILDER" (Artemas 6 , Asa,* Thomas*, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born November 27, 1811, at Barre, Massachu- setts ; educated in the public schools ; learned the trade of a wheelwright; removed to Athol, 1838, carried on that business in company with his brother, Asa, in the building now occupied by Fay & Fay, as a grocery store, in the Centre Village. Match woods had hitherto been made by a hand plane that could turn out only a few thousand per day. He started a little factory, in what is now known as Morse's SIXTH GENERATION. 255 shop, to do this business, but soon invented a machine that would produce 5, 000,000 daily, and the business was removed to the factory now occupied by Hapgood & Smith, his son and son-in-law, he remaining with the new firm till the time of his death, October 18, 1874. In 1853 he was chosen dele- gate to the State Convention for Revising the Constitution of Massachusetts ; elected chief engineer of the fire depart- ment ; served on the board of school committee ; was promi- nent in establishing both local banks, and serving as director, besides holding several other positions of trust and responsi- bility. He married, April 18, 1839, Eliza Jane, daughter of Levi Phinney, of Shrewsbury, Vermont, born August II, 1812 ; died April 20, 1892. CHILDREN. I. Josephine Eliza 7 , born October 17, 1841 ; died February 8, 1847. II. Sarah Louisa 7 , born October 23, 1845; married, December 29, 1870, Almond Smith, born October 23, 1845, at Petersham ; resides in Athol Centre ; a member of the firm of Hapgood & Smith, extensive match wood manufacturers. CHILD. 1. Arline Hapgood 8 Smith, born April 20, 1872 ; was graduated from Wellesley College, B. A., June 25, 1895. 91 III. Herbert Lyman 7 , born February 5, 1850 ; married, February 2 5> J 875, Mary Josephine Proctor. 48. AsA 6 (Artemas?, Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born at Barre, Massachusetts, on July I, 1813. Was a man of marked ability and inventive genius. On leaving Barre as 256 HAPGOOD FAMILY. a young man, he was clerk at the Quincy House, Boston, then the leading hotel ; he next became shipping clerk at the Boston Custom House ; later on he had a large manufac- tory of mattresses and pillows on Fulton street, opposite Saint Paul's churchyard, New York. He invented a venti- lator for railway cars which was very extensively used all over the United States. He next invented some sleeping- cars for a railway in Canada, and personally superintended their introduction on the road. He afterwards invented a different model of sleeping-car which he put on the through line between Boston and New York (Boston & Albany and New York & New Haven Railroads). He built, owned, and ran that entire system of sleeping-cars until his death, after which they were sold to the railways above mentioned. The Wagner and Pullman sleeping-cars were copied directly from these cars, and the original model was taken by the Wagner Company and is in their possession in New York. He married, in New York, March 14, 1850, Lydia, daugh- ter of Thomas Crossley, born in Mason County, Kentucky, May i, 1832. Her father was an Englishman, born in London, and owned a large plantation in Mason County. Her mother, Phebe Crossley, was the daughter of James George St. Clair, who came from Scotland, and settled on a great estate on the James River, in Virginia. He released his slaves long before abolition was publicly discussed, sent them north to the free States, and himself founded St. Clairs- ville, Ohio, near which town he passed the remainder of his life. They resided in Boston, Jersey City, and finally removed to Worcester, Massachusetts, where Asa Hapgood died, June 10, 1868. After his death, his widow remained at the SIXTH GENERATION. 257 homestead in Worcester until 1881, after which she spent her time in Boston and abroad ; she now lives in New York. CHILDREN. I. Isabel Florence 7 , born in Boston, November 21, 1851. She early showed a strong liking for study. At Miss Porter's famous school in Farmington, Connecticut, she studied French, Latin, mathematics, and the usual English branches. After leaving school, she discov- ered in herself an unusual aptitude for acquiring languages. After taking lessons in German, she explored alone the Germanic tongues, and after lessons in Italian, the Latin tongues. Eventually she con- quered all the languages of Continental Europe, and Russian with its dialects, Old Church Slavonic, and the various branches of Slavonic of Eastern Europe. Thus equipped, she made numerous translations of foreign books, all of which have been pronounced to be standards by the critics. Among them are works by Tolstoi, Gogol, and other Russian authors. With much labor and painstaking research she collated different versions of the ancient popular songs of Russia, of the heroic type, edited them, and published " The Epic Songs of Russia." The book is regarded as a standard work and an authority in England and America, and is also duly appreciated in Russia; Professor Francis James Child, of Harvard University, whom she helped on his famous Book of Ballads, furnished the Preface to this volume. Among her translations are the standard version of Victor Hugo's " Les Mise'rables," " Notre Dame de Paris," " L'Homme qui Rit," and "Les Travailleurs de la Mer;" "The Meditations of a Parish Priest" (Pense'es), by Canon Joseph Roux; " Cuore," from the Italian of Edmonde de Amicis; novels from the Spanish of Armando Palacio-Valde's ; " Sonya Kovalevsky," from the Rus- sian, and others. In the year 1887, Miss Hapgood gratified a long-cherished desire to visit Russia. She was most cordially received there, and spent two years in studying that country and its people. In 1895, she published a volume of reminiscences of her visit entitled " Russian Rambles." She resides in New York, and is still engaged in literary pursuits, as a 258 HAPGOOD FAMILY. reviewer on the Post (Nation], translator from divers languages, contributor of original articles to the lead- ing magazines and journals, and the like; unmarried. II. Asa Gustavus 7 , born in Boston, November 21, 1851 ; twin with Isabel ; was graduated from Harvard University, class of 1872. He afterwards took a course in chem- istry at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in Boston, to complete his practical preparation for the paper manufacturing business, which he had chosen. He is still engaged in the paper trade. Residence, New York ; unmarried. III. William Frank 7 , born in Jersey City, New Jersey, February n, 1854; earlier years spent in Worcester, Massachu- setts. Entered Phillips Exeter Academy in fall of 1870, and graduated in 1873. Entered Harvard Col- lege same year, graduating in 1877, with degree of A.B.; he then entered the Harvard Law School, and graduated in 1880 with degree of LL.B. Went to New York, and entered law office of Geo. Gifford ; also attended Columbia College Law School, from which he received degree of LL.B., in 1881, and was admitted to the bar as attorney and counsellor. Since 1881 has been engaged in the practice of law, making a specialty of patent matters ; and, latterly, engaged in the newspaper business; unmarried. 49. THOMAS 6 (Hutchins? t Seth*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born June 20, 1/90; married, February 3, 1818, Betsey, daughter of Samuel Hopkins, of Petersham, born July 22, 1790, who was the fifth generation in line from Stephen Hopkins, who came over in the "Mayflower," in 1620, and settled in Barnstable County, Cape Cod. Samuel's wife was Elizabeth Hastings, who was fourth in the line of descent from John Hastings, who came to Boston in 1640. Thomas SIXTH GENERATION. 259 died October 10, 1820, and she married, second, February 19, 1829, William Gates, of Lunenburg, Vermont. CHILD. I. Ann Hutchins 7 , born January 18, 1819, in Petersham; married, in Boston, by Rev. Dr. Cyrus A. Bartol, March 9, 1848, to General Roswell M. Richardson, born April 7, 1814, at Wells River, Vermont; went to Portland, Maine, 1856, where he resided, a successful wholesale grocer and lumber manufacturer; son of Samuel and Mehitable (Shurtleff) Richardson, of Compton, Canada East, and grandson of David Rich- ardson, who married Polly Dearborn, of Plymouth, New Hampshire, who was the sixth descendant, through Benjamin, from Godfrey Dearborn, who came from county of Devon, England, 1630, settling in Exeter, New Hampshire, 1639, with R CV - ]ohn Wheel- wright and others. CHILDREN. 1. James Page 8 Richardson, born November 23, 1851, at Wells River, Vermont ; graduated from Har- vard, June, 1872. 2. George Minard 8 , born May 19, 1855, at Wells River, Vermont ; died at Portland, Maine, October 25, 1856. 3. William Minard 8 , born December TO, 1858, at Portland. 5O. SETH 6 (Hutching, Seth*, Thomas 3 , Thomas*^ Skadrach 1 ), born June 10, 1805 ; died March 26, 1864, very suddenly, of heart disease, at Petersham; married, July 24, 1831, Lydia Seaver Wilson, of Petersham, born March 20, 1806. He was town clerk, 1843, and for five years a representative to the General Court ; in 1853 a member of the Convention for amending the State Constitution ; for many years president 260 HAPGOOD FAMILY. of the Millers River Bank, of Athol, and a man of wealth and influence in the community. CHILDREN. I. Sarah E. 7 , born April 13, 1832 ; died March 5, 1833. 92 II. Charles Hutchins 7 , born March 6, 1836; married Fannie L. C. Powers. III. Emma Frances 7 , born August 5, 1840; resides with her mother ; unmarried. 51. LvMAN 6 (Solomon*, Settf, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born October 29, 1799; married, November 10, 1822, Emma, daughter of Charles Church, of Westminster, Vermont, born June 4, 1801 ; resided at Bellows Falls, Vermont, a large, prosperous, and much respected farmer. He died March 4, 1881. CHILD. I. Charles Church 7 , born July n, 1824; married, November i, 1848, Jane, daughter of Charles Burt, of Rutland, Vermont, born July II, 1822; she died October 3, 1850, and he married, second, December 16, 1857, Jerusha L., daughter of Ira Wiley, of Saxton's River, Vermont, born May 3, 1828. He died November 16, 1867, at Bellows Falls, an extensive and well-to-do farmer. His widow and daughter find a pleasant home with the step-daughter, Emma K. Hapgood, in Bellows Falls, Vermont. CHILDREN. I. Jane Burt 8 , born August 29, 1850 (by first wife); married, September 5, 1871, Charles Burt Hilliard, of Rutland. CHILDREN. 1. Minor Hapgood 9 Hilliard, born February 26, 1882. 2. Emma Jane', born June 4, 1885. SIXTH GENERATION. 261 II. Emma King 8 (twin with Jane Burt), born August 29, 1850. III. Fanny May 8 , born May 9, 1867 (by second wife). 52. SETH 6 (Solomon*, Seth*, Thomas?, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born October 21, 1803; married, February 18, 1829, Clarinda Harvey, of Chesterfield, New Hampshire, born January 15, 1802; died August 27, 1878. He died July 26, 1881, at Bellows Falls, a prosperous farmer. CHILDREN. \z ^ I. Mary Priscilla 7 , born December 7, 1831, at Bellows Falls; died March 29, 1875; married, November 8, 1855, Solomon Guild, son of Solomon and Charlotte (Guild) Phipps, Jr., born July 22, 1813; died May 2, 1881, at Charlestown, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. 1. Charlotte Guild 8 Phipps, born May 9, 1858, at Charlestown; married, October 26, 1882, at Boston, Alexander Davidson, of Albany, New York, born March 11, 1854. 2. Mary Ella 8 , born December 12, 1859 > married, June 6, 1888, at Bellows Falls, Charles W. Shaw, of Bath, Me. ; resides in Newton, Massachusetts. II. Lucretia Ann 7 , born September 21, 1835; resides in Bel- lows Falls ; unmarried. 53. CAPTAIN CHARLES" (Solomon*, Settf, Thomas*, Thomas 2 , Shadracf?}, born September 17, 1805 ; married, October 6, 1834, Harriet, daughter of Isaac and Anna Langley Silsby, o^ 262 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Mendon, Massachusetts, where she was born December 8, 1814; died February 25, 1880; her parents removed to Charlestown, New Hampshire, when she was an infant, and where she was married. He was educated in the public schools of Bellows Falls, and was a remarkably strong, healthy man, so much so as to draw from him the remark that "two dollars would cover the entire amount of doctors' bills for his life time ; " apprenticed to a paper maker at Bennington, Vermont, but his taste led him to abandon it for farming. His father, Solomon, came into possession of a large tract of land through his wife, Azubah Burt, which was at his death divided among his heirs. Charles cultivated and improved his share with great skill and good judgment. He was commissioned by Governor Ezra Butler, August 16, 1828, Lieutenant of Company Six, First Regiment,Vermont Militia, and on June 17, 1831, raised, by Governor Crafts, to a cap- taincy of the same company. In consideration of faithful service and good conduct, on the loth of September, 1833, he was honorably discharged. Advancing age induced him to dispose of his real estate, and after the death of his wife, he divided his time among his four daughters, dying at the residence of Mrs. E. M. Hawkins, Fall River, Massachusetts, August 23, 1895, his son Charles being with him to minister to his last wants, and his worn-out body reposes beside that of his beloved wife, at Bellows Falls, Vt. CHILDREN. I. Anna Maria 7 , born November 13, 1835, at Charlestown, New Hampshire ; married, May 20, 1857, Benjamin H. Burt, of Rutland, Vermont, born December 29, 1830. He is a brother of Jane Burt, who married Charles Church Hapgood. Mr. Burt is a very active, intelli- r gent, and successful dry-goods' merchant, in Rutland. SIXTH GENERATION. 263 CHILDREN. 1. Mary Gray 8 Burt, born November 23, 1858; mar- ried, October 23, 1884, Edmund Royce Morse, of Rutland. Had one son, George'. 2. Louis 8 , born November 6, 1861 ; resides in Rut- land ; unmarried ; a graduate from military school, Rocky Point, Vermont. 3. Anna Langley 8 , born January 25, 1863 ; died January 12, 1866. 4. John Henry Hopkins 8 , born June 6, 1868; gradu- ate from Rutland High School; southern agent for Goodyear Rubber Company ; unmarried. 5. Benjamin Hapgood 8 , born June 27, 1875 ; gradu- ated from Rutland High School, highly gifted in musical talent; book-keeper in Merchants National Bank, Rutland. II. Charles Burt 7 , born July 2, 1837, at Charlestown, New Hampshire ; married, May 9, 1889, at Durango, Colo- rado, Martha Bolton, daughter of William and Mary Ashton, of Portsmouth, Ohio, born November 6, 1866. Though feeble in health, a most estimable and lovely woman; died December 24, 1894, at Cleveland, Ohio. No children. Charles was educated in the schools of Bellows Falls, and his father wished him to remain on the homestead farm; but for this he had no ambition, preferring mercantile business. At the age of eighteen, he entered a grocery store in Roxbury, Massachusetts, and later removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he was employed in a large wholesale store. In 1862 he joined the regiment of " Queen City Defenders," a corps organized to check Kirby Smith's raid in Kentucky ; he afterwards entered the naval service, as mate, in the Mississippi squadron, where he continued to the close of the war, and received an honorable discharge. After the war, he was for a time employed in New York City, and then went west, receiving the appointment of deputy treasurer of the rich county of La Plata, in southwestern Colorado. He then removed to Cleveland. After the death of his wife, Cleveland no longer seemed his home, and he again went West. After various fortunes he returned and found employ- ment with his brother-in-law, Oren Westcott, in the Blackstone Canal Bank, in Providence, Rhode Island. 264 HAPGOOD FAMILY. III. Margaret 7 , born January 3, 1844, at Bellows Falls; married, October 6, 1864, Edwin Montgomery Hawkins, of Fall River, Massachusetts, born December 23, 1840; for many years in company with his father, large and prosperous coal merchants. Retiring with a compe- tancy, but disliking idleness, he opened an insurance office, to which he gives his attention. CHILDREN. 1. Harriet Thurber 8 Hawkins, born October n, 1865 ; school teacher, Fall River; unmarried. 2. Margaret Hapgood 8 , born July 28, 1867; married, February 3, 1891, Frederick Archer Gee, of Fall River, a gentleman of refined tastes and education ; a large real estate owner. CHILD. 1. John Archer' Gee, born October 25, 1894. 3. Richard Mott 8 , born February 18, 1870, at Fall River; a cotton broker, with a fine baritone voice, much admired in church and public halls, as well as social circles. IV. Elizabeth Silsby', born August 12, 1846, at Bellows Falls; married, April 22, 1869, Henry Clay Hawkins, a brother to Edwin M. Hawkins; he is doing an exten- sive grocery business in Fall River. CHILDREN. 1. Cornelius Silsby 8 Hawkins, born May 21, 1870; a graduate from Lehigh University, Pennsyl- vania; at present a book-keeper in Fall River Savings Bank; a young man of great promise and high moral worth. Both himself and sister Elizabeth have fine musical tastes, and with violoncello and piano, give great pleasure. 2. Elizabeth Hapgood 8 , born October 15, 1871 ; was graduated from Vassar College, class 1894. 3. Caroline 8 , born May 5, 1874. 4. Henry Clay 8 , Jr., born April 16, 1878, with twin sister who died at birth. He is a student in the Fall River High School. SIXTH GENERATION. 265 V. Caroline Porter 7 , born July 17, 1851; married, December 9, 1880, Oren Westcott, cashier Blackstone Canal National Bank, Providence, Rhode Island, born November 22, 1836, at Scituate, Rhode Island. CHILDREN. 1. Adah Dexter 8 Westcott, born October 4, 1883. 2. Charles Hapgood 8 , born August 4, 1885. 3. Margaret 8 , born October 17, 1887. 4. Nathaniel 8 , born March 21, 1889. 5. Dexter Silsby 8 , born May 31, 1892; died April 8, 1895. VI. Harry 7 , born October 28, 1854, at Bellows Falls; married^ December 4, 1883, Anne Frances Leonard, born July 4, 1859, at Fall River. He graduated from the Bellows Falls high school; went into the wholesale grocery store of his brother-in-law, H. C. Hawkins, at Fall River; for several years traveling agent for the firm of Henry Callender & Company, wholesale grocers, Boston, then went into the same business at Bellows Falls, Vermont, under firm name of Hap- good & Aldrich, from which he retired and accepted a position as commercial agent for a house in Fall River. A sterling man, of genial disposition, and a good salesman. CHILDREN. I. Harry 8 , born January 22, 1887, and the next day slept in the Lord. II. Leonard Silsby 8 , born March 26, 1888; died November 13, 1894. III. Constance 8 , born December 13, 1890. 54. REVEREND GEORGE GROUT 6 (Eber*, Seth* t T/iomas 3 , Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born at Petersham, Massachusetts, February 17, 1804. "At the age of eighteen he was supposed to be in con- sumption ; at twenty-one he resolved to obtain a classical education, and became a member of Hadley and Amherst 266 HAPGOOD FAMILY. academies, teaching winters as he had done since he was eighteen years old. At the age of twenty-three he removed to the State of New York, that he might teach more months in a year, in order to meet his educational expenses. He taught in Cazenovia, where he united with the Metho- dist Episcopal Church, and in the autumn entered the Oneida Conference Seminary. In the winter of 1827-28, he taught at McGrawville, afterwards entered Union College, at Schenectady, then under the presidency of the distin- guished and venerable Doctor Nott. In the autumn of that year he engaged as a classical teacher in the Rensselaer High School, established at Cortland Village as a branch of the Rensselaer Institute, at Troy, New York. He con- tinued in the Rensselaer High School until the next spring, when he re-entered Union College, where he was graduated from, July, 1830; having met all his academic and collegiate expenses, save, perhaps, $50.00 for college tuition which he would not accept as a gift, but afterwards paid. "After graduation he studied law at Cortland Village in the office of judges Stevens and Wood, until he was called to take charge of a high school at Truxton, where he continued three years ; meanwhile studying both law and medicine. In 1833 he entered the ministry of 'the Methodist Episcopal Church as a junior preacher on Bainbridge Circuit. After this he led a very active life as principal of Mexico Academy, and that of the Oneida Conference Seminary ; agent for the Wesleyan University ; preacher in charge of Rose Circuit, Jordan, Oswego, and Belleville. He was presiding elder of Syracuse District four years, during which, in 1852, he received from his Alma Mater the degree of D. D. In 1855-56 he was presiding elder of Oswego District, when long-continued sickness in his family, resulting in the deaths of his eldest son and child and that of his wife, induced him to take a station at Fairfield, where the next year he was superannuated. After this he was stationed at Marcy, Delta, and Booneville." SIXTH GENERATION. 267 Many newspaper articles, sermons, lectures, and books, upon various subjects resulted from his able, learned, and accomplished pen, which the limited scope of this brief sketch forbids us to mention. From Booneville Doctor Hapgood removed to Martinsburg. The next year he was stationed at Madrid, and the next at Waddington, St. Lawrence County. From there he went to Jordan, where he installed his daughter as principal of the academy. He then accepted a call to Albert University, in Belleville, Canada, as Professor of Ancient Literature, which position he filled until 1874, when he joined his family in Syracuse, New York, and became Professor of Hebrew, in Syracuse University. January i, 1876, after finishing a critical reading of the Old Testament, in six different languages, he was taken ill, and, although tenderly cared for by his three daughters and one son, his life-work was finished. During his last illness, reclining in an easy-chair, and, with his attendant physician's hand upon his pulse, assisted by another minister, married the first one of his children, that had ever been given in marriage, April 27, 1876. May 4, at his earnest request, he was taken to the home of his son in Apulia, New York, where he died. He was taken to Mexico, New York, for interment, and, with his old board of academy trustees as bearers, he was laid to rest by the side of his much-loved wife. In 1868, while Professor of Ancient Literature in Albert University, he published a work on the "Origin of Lan- guage." He was an Honorary member of the Boston Historic-Genealogical Society, and ranked as one of New York State's best scholars. He married, October 28, 1830, Marcia, daughter of Samuel McGraw, Esq., of McGrawville, 268 HAPGOOD FAMILY. New York, born January 3, 1811, every way a superior woman; died April 2, 1855, at Oswego, Madison County, New York. Rev. Dr. Hapgood died at Apulia, New York, May 17, 1876. CHILDREN. I. George Washington 7 , born May 15, 1832, at Truxton ; died of consumption November 29, 1852, at the house of the Honorable P. H. McGraw, in McGrawville, from which place he was removed to the home of his parents, in Oswego, for interment. II. Charles 7 , born June 17, 1834, at McGrawville ; died August 6, 1834, at Guilford, New York, where he was interred. III. Marcia Elizabeth 7 , born June 16, 1835, at Mexico, New York; died March i, 1857, at Fairfield, New York, and .buried there. IV. Mary Frances 7 , born April 24, 1837, at Mexico; graduated from Oneida Conference Seminary the last of June, 1861 ; died April 4, 1862, at Booneville. V. Charles 7 , born October 18, 1838, at Mexico; died October !7> "839, at Cazenovia. VI. Harriet Ellen, 7 born July 14, 1840, at Cazenovia; gradu- ated at the seminary there. Studied with her father; taught either as preceptress or principal in high schools or academies up to 1876. She married at Syracuse, New York, April 27, 1876, Madison Paul, son of James and Jane (Todd) Sawyer, born August 6, 1846, at South Newbury, New Hampshire; resides in Brooklyn, New York; holding office under the United States government in customs department. CHILDREN. 1. George Hapgood 8 Sawyer, born November 20, 1879, at Nashua, New Hampshire. 2. James Madison 8 , born February 13, 1883, at Nashua. 3. Kittie Clark 8 , born September 2, 1884, at Grafton, New Hampshire; died August 31, 1885. VII. Catherine Emma 7 , born June 10, 1843, at Apulia, New York ; taught eight years in Syracuse, and at the time of her marriage was an earnest, faithful teacher in Brooklyn, New York; married, August 29, 1895, at SIXTH GENERATION. 269 Brooklyn, Howell Negus Webster, a widower, with six children, born January 7, 1839; resides, a farmer, at Fabins, New York. No children. VIII. Emeline Angela 7 , born September 2, 1845, at Mexico; died September 26, same year, at Syracuse. IX. Charles Henry 7 born February 8, 1847, at Butler, New York, and received his education in the different places in which his father resided, where he was always found at or near the head of his class. He also studied Greek with his father. At the age of seventeen, thinking his father financially unable to send him to college, he entered the dry-goods' store of Mr. Chapman, in Norwich,, New York, receiving a promotion each year. In 1873, much to the regret of his employers, he resigned his position in Norwich, and opened a dry-goods' store in Syracuse, devoting his spare time to the study of law. In 1876, he pur- chased a store and removed to Apulia, where he car- ried on a successful business. His health failing, he sold out, but resumed the business in about a year. He died of apoplexy, January 8, 1895, lamented by all who knew him ; a man of sterling worth and unques- tioned integrity ; a noble specimen of an upright, high-minded merchant ; unmarried. X. Rosalette 7 , born September 25, 1850, at Belleville, New York; married, July 28, 1878, at Apulia, Frank Wheelock, engineer, born February 17, 1851, at Fabins. She died at Apulia, December i, 1878; a good scholar, teacher, and musician, with a sweet disposition and lovely character. 55. CHARLES 6 (Eber*, Seth*, Thomas 3 , Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born October n, 1807. A merchant in Calais, Maine. Mar- ried, May 9, 1839, at Waterford, Vermont, Rebecca, daughter of Lyman and Rebecca (Charlton) Hibbard, born September 22, 1816, at Littleton, New Hampshire; died November 4, 1859, at Boston. His business increased and he became a 270 HAPGOOD FAMILY. large ship owner and lumber dealer ; later on he removed to Bath, Maine, New York City, Morrisania, New York, and about 1857, to Leavenworth, Kansas, where he remained for several years, then went to Hot Springs and Sterling, and finally to Red Bluff, where he died August 25, 1886. He took none of his family with him (except George), when he went to Kansas, and after the death of his wife, he married, second, September 19, 1863, at Leavenworth, Mrs. Streeter, from Massachusetts, who survives him without issue. CHILDREN, by first wife. I. George Grout 7 , born May 20, 1840, at Calais, Maine ; went to Boston and worked for Ballou & Hibbard, prod- uce dealers ; was taken down with small-pox which had broken out in the city, and his mother and others died of the disease. George recovered and in 1861 he removed to Oil City, Pennsylvania. Later on he went to Colorado and was for a while with his father at Red Bluff. His roving disposition took him to Butte City, Montana, 1861, and we have been unable to trace him further. II. William Charlton 7 , born December 14, 1841 ; died August 29, 1844, at Calais. III. Charles Francis 7 , born November 27, 1845 ; died April 21, 1852, at Morrisania. IV. Mary Elizabeth 7 , born November 3, 1848, at Calais. After the death of her mother, she resided mostly with her maternal relatives in Boston and elsewhere ; went to Nova Scotia; married, December 29, 1874, Charles Wentworth Upham Hewson, M. D., born February 28, 1844, at Jolicum, Westmoreland County, New Brunswick, who was graduated from the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania, with degree of M. D., 1872, settled at River Hebert, Nova Scotia, had a successful practice for eleven years, then entered the University of Edinborough, Scotland, obtained the degree of L. R. C. P., went to London, visited hospitals, attended a course of lectures, and returned in 1884, settled in Amherst, Nova Scotia, where he now resides, emi- nent in his profession. SIXTH GENERATION. 271 CHILDREN. 1. Bertha Eliza 8 Hewson, born November 5, 1875, at River Hebert; died April 29, 1876. 2. Florence Rebecca 8 , born February 21, 1879. 3. Elizabeth Chandler 8 , born October 7, 1880; died Octobers, 1881. 4. Charles Ellery 8 , born April 3, 1887, at Amherst; died April 12, 1888. And this terminates the male line of descent from Eber 5 . 56. JOHN WEEKS S (Oliver*, Seth*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born June 3, 1811, at Sheldon, Vermont; married, at Shore- ham, Vermont, February 1 1, 1832, Rebecca Hemingway, born February 25, 1811; died at Burlington, Illinois, June 18, 1848. He married, second, at Chicago, Illinois, May 14, 1849, Almira S. Baird, born in Sheldon, Vermont; died at Burlington, December 3, 1853, and he married, third, at Chicago, November 21, 1854, Mary Ann Wells, of Shel- don, Vermont, who died at Burlington, April 12, 1862, and he married, fourth, at Humansville, Missouri, June I, 1869, Mary E. Zeigler, born at Indianapolis, Indiana, May I, 1845. She died at Humansville, February 22, 1882, and he October 31, 1893; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Sarah Sophia 7 , born May 23, 1833 (by first wife), at Sheldon ; married, February 16, 1860, at Hicks Mills, Illinois, Jesse Ewing, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; re- sided at Burlington, Illinois; a farmer. He died at Hicks Mills, January 6, 1860, and she August 9, 1861. CHILDREN. 1. Clara Ann 8 Ewing, born November 12, 1860, at Burlington; married, July 3, 1879, at Humans- ville, Webster Graham, born at Madison, 272 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Indiana, January 8, 1859; resides in Vista, St. Clair County, Missouri ; a farmer. 2. Mortimer Levi 8 , born February 18, 1862, in Bur- lington; resides in Big Sandy, Oregon; a farmer; unmarried. 3. Flora Eugenie 8 , born October 6, 1865; resides in Denver, Colorado; a milliner; unmarried. 4. Jessie Alice 8 , born April 9, 1867; married, at Denver, February 22, 1890, Charles Watkins, from North Carolina ; a book-keeper. II. Levi Mortimer 7 , born October 31, 1835, at Sheldon; resides in Burlington, Illinois; a farmer; unmarried. 93 III. Eugene Delarimore 7 , born December 5, 1838; married, September 4, 1869, Elizabeth Broad. IV. Josephine Alwilda 7 , born January 4, 1842 ; married, Decem- ber 20, 1868, at Humansville, William Allen George, born at Moxville, Tennessee ; resides in Humans- ville ; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. Hannah Viola 8 George, born May 15, 1870; mar- ried, December 6, 1888, at Sprague, Washing- ton, William Stacy, born January n, 1866. 2. Eugene Charles 8 , born March 20, 1872; resides in Vista, Missouri ; a farmer; unmarried. 3. Alona Weeks 8 , born February 21, 1874; married, February 12, 1889, at Wheatland, Missouri, Luke Fitzhue, from Tennessee ; a farmer. 4. Mary Idella 8 , born June 7, 1878; married, June 10, 1892, at Wheatland, James Larose, from Ten- nessee ; resides in Arcola, Kansas ; a farmer. 5. Nellie Adelaide 8 , born March 25, 1882; resides in Humansville. 94 V. Julien Weeks 7 , born at Burlington, December 26, 1844; married, December 20, 1868, Mary Catharine Kirk- patrick. VI. Samuel Clifton 7 , born June 6, 1848, at Burlington; married, May 20, 1872, at Springfield, Missouri, Ellen Jane Zeigler, of Indianapolis, Indiana; resided in Spring- field; a farmer; died August 3, 1879. SIXTH GENERATION. 273 CHILD. I. Orville Weeks 8 , born July 18, 1874, at Vinita, Indian Territory ; resides in Springfield, Mis- soui ; a blacksmith. VII. Ella Vilmina 7 , born February 22, 1871 (by fourth wife), at Humansville; married, March 25, 1887, Calvin W. Jennings, of Illinois ; resides in Springfield, Missouri ; upholsterer. CHILDREN, all born in Springfield. 1. Archie Eugene 8 Jennings, born March 5, 1889. 2. Orville Elmore 8 , born November 26, 1892. 3. Elijah Warren 8 , born September 12, 1894. 4. George Alvis 8 , born March 17, 1896. 57. CAPTAIN JOAB* (Elijah*, Joab*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shad- rach 1 ), born September 6, 1804; was early apprenticed to Captain Silas Allen, of Shrewsbury, gunsmith. In 1834 he commenced business for himself, erected his shop and house one-fourth of a mile southwest from the meeting- house, on the street leading out of Shrewsbury to Worcester, and there carried on extensively the manufacture of fire-arms, of a superior quality. In 1847 he commenced business in Boston as an importer, manufacturer, and general dealer in guns, ammunition, and sporting apparatus, in which business at numbers 1 5 and 30 Washington street, he continued, till 1864, when he retired from a busy life to his quiet home in Shrewsbury. While engaged in active business, he found time to devote to arboriculture, and to the improvement and beautifying of his acres in Shrewsbury, and to his taste will the village and traveling public be long indebted for the 274 HAPGOOD FAMILY. extended row of rock maples reaching past his neat home- stead. He long held a prominent position among his fellow-citizens ; captain of a rifle company, whose discipline he advanced to a high state ; was early a true and marked friend to temperance, and when the political excitement raged against the fifteen-gallon liquor law, and its supporters, he was twice elected town clerk as a temperance man, and subsequently served as assessor and chairman of the board of selectmen. He married, June i, 1828, Elizabeth, daughter of Ephron and Zepach (Maynard) Eager, born March 20, 1802, in Northboro', and died January 10, 1875. He died June 14, 1890. CHILDREN. I. Abigail Marion 7 , born August 27, 1829 ; married, May 26, 1853, Samuel Denny, son of Thomas Walter and Harriet Plimpton (Grosvenor) Ward, of revolutionary fame, born in Pomfret, Connecticut, April 3, 1826; resides in Shrewsbury. CHILDREN. 1. Ella Hapgood 8 Ward, born March 9, 1854. 2. Florence Grosvenor 8 , born March 6, 1856. 3. Clara Denny 8 , born December 3, 1857, in Shrews- bury, where she was for some years librarian in the public library ; now holding a good position in the Public Library, in New York City. 95 II. Charles Edward 7 , born in Shrewsbury, December 1 1, 1830 ; married, October 18, 1854, Mary Elizabeth Miles. III. Susan Maria 7 , born October 24, 1833; died April 30, 1836. IV. Lucy Elizabeth 7 , born July 22, 1835 ; resides on the home- stead in Shrewsbury ; unmarried. V. Walter Joab 7 , born June 25, 1839, received his education in the public schools of Shrewsbury, entered the Central Bank of Worcester 1854, as a boy, served through all the grades up to assistant cashier; died February 9, 1884, beloved and respected for strict integrity, cour- tesy and constant attention to business. He married, December 4, 1867, at Brookline, Massachusetts, Sarah, SIXTH GENERATION. 275 daughter of Joseph Tilden, and Mary (Baker) Turner, born in Worcester, May 7, 1844. CHILDREN. I. Walter Eager 8 , born February 18, 1874; resides in Worcester; journalist. II. Roswell Turner 8 , born September 28, 1877. VI. Mary Susan 7 , born July 15, 1841; married, May 16, 1865, Charles Otis, born May 18, 1841, son of Charles Otis and Caroline (Knowlton) Green, of Shrewsbury. CHILDREN. 1. Mary Elizabeth 8 Green, born July 8, 1870; married, November 10, 1896, Henry Carlton, son of Fred- eric E. and H. A. (Munroe) Abbott; resides in Somerville, Massachusetts. 2. Charles Otis 8 , born May 22, 1873; died August 15, 1874- 3. George 8 , born May 22, 1876; died August i r, 1876. 4. Nettie Lucie 8 , born June 5, 1880. 58. CAPTAIN LEMUEL BEMIS (Elijah* Joab*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born October 12, 1805 ; settled upon the homestead farm about two miles nearly southwest from the old meeting-house, in Shrewsbury, where he resided up to the time of his death, February 22, 1882, an extensive, enterprising, and prosperous farmer, and prominent member of the Worcester County Agricultural Society. He repeat- edly received stock and dairy premiums from the county and state agricultural societies, served many years as chairman of the board of selectmen and overseers of the poor, and was a highly-esteemed citizen. He married, April 29, 1835, Amazonia, daughter of George and Lucy (Blake) Flagg, of 276 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Holden, Massachusetts, born August 22, 1810; died January 23, 1897. CHILDREN. I. Martha Amanda 7 , born May 22, 1836, in Shrewsbury; married, January 30, 1861, Joseph Edmund, son of Jonathan and Betsey (Temple) Reed, born at Shrews- bury, August n, 1832; where he died, December 8, 1874, and she November 20, 1887. He went to Cali- fornia in 1850, returned, 1853, and became a partner in the dry-goods' house of J. H. Clark & Co., in Worces- ter, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. 1. George 8 Reed, 'born January 24, 1862, in Shrews- bury ; resides a clerk in Worcester ; unmarried. 2. William 8 , born in Worcester, October 7, 1863; married, June 18, 1890, Susan Maria, daughter of Austin and Elizabeth (Norcross) Maynard, born in Shrewsbury, September 3, 1866; resides in Worcester ; commercial agent. 3. Joseph Edmund 8 , born September 5, 1868 ; resides in Worcester; in express business; unmarried. 4. Hapgood 8 , born May 5, 1874; resides in Worces- ter ; a salesman ; unmarried. II. George Elijah 7 , born January 27, 1838 ; resides in Shrews- bury, on the homestead of his father; is a shrewd, intelligent man ; speculates in land and stocks ; unmarried. III. Lemuel Bemis 7 , born October 3, 1845 ! married, November 6, 1888, at Pawtucket, Rhode Island, Elsie Anna, daughter of Levi Prentice and Jane (Taylor) Martin, born October 25, 1852 ; resides in Shrewsbury ; carries on the homestead farm, and is a quiet, industrious, practical farmer. No children. 59. NAHUM ROLAND (Elijah, Joatf, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shad- rach 1 }, born March 6, 1809; apprenticed to Artemas D. Blake, a contractor, carpenter, and builder in Shrewsbury ; SIXTH GENERATION. 277 married, in Sutton, Massachusetts, April 30, 1833, Emily, daughter of Caleb Chase and widow of Nathan Garfield, of Sutton, in which town he commenced business ; then re- moved to Norwich, Connecticut, and afterwards to Worces- ter, where he carried on an extensive business, and many of the first-class houses there attest to his eminent skill as architect and builder. His wife died in Worcester, October I, 1871, and he April 12, 1895. CHILDREN. I. Charlotte Jeanette 7 , born February 5, 1834, at Sutton; married, at Lodi, Wisconsin, September 25, 1865, Samuel Virgil Stone, born May 27, 1818, at Eden, Vermont, son of Samuel and Hannah (Davenport) Stone ; n6 settled residence or occupation. He died in Worcester, February 25, 1875. CHILD. 1. Walter Samuel 8 Stone, born October i, 1866, in Worcester, and died there December I, 1866. 96 II. Henry Roland 7 , born August 23, 1836, at Sutton ; married, April 2, 1857, Martha Maria Collester. III. Ellen Augusta 7 , born January 17, 1838; died September 10, 1839. IV. Frances Marion 7 , born September 18, 1839; married, in Worcester, December 22, 1859, John Edwin, son of Buzalda and Catharine (Dow) Butler, born at Sutton, October 26, 1837. She died July 26, 1869, in Worcester. CHILDREN. 1. Frederick Edwin 8 Butler, born at Dracut, Massa- chusetts, June 13, 1862; married, at Lynn, October 22, 1881, Mary Ann Dolan, born in Acton, Ontario, Canada, March 8, 1862; a machinist, in Worcester. 2. Harry Everett 8 , born March 6, 1864, at Waltham ; resides in Boston; a shipper. 3. Harriet Angeline 8 , born December 26, 1865, at Worcester ; resides in . Watertown ; a dress- maker; unmarried. 278 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 4. Albert Henry 8 , born September 28, 1867; died at Worcester, August 3, 1868. 5. Alice Marion 8 , born September 28, 1867; twin with Albert Henry; died August 10, 1868. V. Ellen Malinda 7 , born November 19, 1840, at Sutton; mar- ried, June 2, 1870, at Worcester, Thomas Merrill, son of Leonard and Jane (McNeal) Flagg, born in Shrews- bury, May 19, 1843. He died at Worcester, Novem- ber 19, 1875, and she May i, 1891. No children. VI. Vashtic Eunice 7 , born June 29, 1844, at Norwich, Connec- ticut ; highly educated ; taught school in Worcester, Newton, and Somerville. Was employed in the Super- intendent of Schools office in the latter city up to the time of her marriage to John F. Ayer, October 14, 1897 ; resides in Somerville. VII. Emma Lavina 7 , born January i, 1849, at Worcester; mar- ried there, March 31, 1873, Horace William, son of Theodore and Eliza (Knowlton) Barton, born October 22, 1844, in Millbury, Mass; resides in Somerville. CHILD. 1. Florence Eliza 8 Barton, born June 17, 1874; re- sides in Somerville ; a clerk. VIII. Alice Louise 7 , born May 20, 1855, in Worcester; died there August 18, 1855. 60. LORENZO ELIJAH (Elijah*, Joab*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born November 9, 1815 ; apprenticed to his brother Nahum, to learn a carpenter's trade ; settled in Williston, Vermont, where he married Sarah Hodges. He was a dealer in horses ; removed about 1850 to Columbus, Ohio, and next to Cincinnati ; purchased extensive stables and car- ried on a large traffic in equines. He went to New Orleans to superintend the sale of a cargo of horses, where he was taken SIXTH GENERATION. 279 sick and died, March 13, 1867. His widow died February 10, 1885. CHILDREN. I. Charlotte Abbott 7 , born May 22, 1841, at Williston; removed to Champaign, Illinois. II. George Hodges 7 , born May 26, 1845, at Williston; married, November 13, 1873, Eliza Mary Campbell, of Cham- paign ; resides in Topeka, Kansas ; a veterinary surgeon. CHILDREN. I. Helen Meda 8 , born August 8, 1874. II. Minnie Elsie 8 , born February 4, 1876. 61. REUBEN LEANDER (Elijah?, Joab*, Thomas?, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born July 10, 1817; learned the tanning and currying business ; married, September 19, 1841, Lucy, daughter of Lot and Eliza (Baker) Forbush, born at West- boro' March n, 1817. Settled in Worcester, and later left his trade and joined Lucius Knowles in the manufacture of spool cotton and cotton fabrics, in Worcester, and Ballston, New York. Later on he went into contracting and building with his brother Nahum R., in Worcester. When the War of Rebellion broke out and endangered the perpetuity of our government, this interest rose above all others in his mind, and he laid down his carpenter's tools and took up those of war; enlisted September 25, 1862, in Company A, Fifty-first Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, nine-months' men, served his term, mustered out July 27, 1863 ; returned to Worcester, took up his tools, and resumed the business of contractor and builder. About 1883 he went to Florida and established a factory for making orange and 280 HAPGOOD FAMILY. other fruit boxes. He died in Florida, November n, 1894, and his wife died in Shrewsbury, July 20, 1879. He was admitted a charter member of the Worcester Lodge, No. 56, I. O. O. F., September 28, 1870, and passed the chair of Noble Grand and became Past Grand, January i, 1879. CHILD. I. Frank Leander 7 , born in Worcester, August 4, 1846; enlisted with his father, September 25, 1862, in same company and regiment, nine-months' call, and died in Baltimore, on his way home, July 13, 1863. 62. EPHRAIM AuousxiN 6 (Elijah*, Joab*, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrack 1 }, born November 3, 1823, at Shrewsbury, Massa- chusetts ; married, November 5, 1845, Nancy Durgen, daughter of George and Mary (Garland) Holmes, of Shrews- bury, born May 20, 1822. Purchased the Nelson place in the southeast part of Shrewsbury, where he resided a quiet, intelligent farmer up to about 1869, when he sold his farm and removed to Worcester, where he died March 16, 1874. His widow died in Charlton, Massachusetts, November 25, 1885. , CHILDREN. 97 I. Horace Abbott 7 , born August 9, 1846, at Shrewsbury; married, January i, 1868, Alice Amelia Williams. II. Ephraim Augustin 7 , Jr., born April 30, 1838; married, January 24, 1873, Viola, daughter of Alexander Hamil- ton and Lydia (Wheelock) Steele, born January 7, 1849, m North Brookfield, Massachusetts ; resides in Worcester; a salesman in the store of Learnard & Newton. CHILD. I. Ernest Augustin Tillison 8 , born February 21, 1885. SIXTH GENERATION. 281 III. Alvin Almon 7 , born October 4, 1850, in Spencer, Massa- chusetts; married, March 7, 1872, Mary Ann, daughter of Joseph and Emeline Buxton, born in Worcester, March 11, 1846; resides in Spencer; a superintendent in a boot and shoe factory. CHILD. I. Arthur William 8 , born in Worcester, March 26, 1875; resides in Spencer; a machine operator in a shoe factory. IV. Charles Albert 7 , born February 10, 1852, in Shrewsbury; married, first, May, 1875, Harriet Twist, of Worces- ter, who died September, 1879, and he married, second, in Worcester, July 10, 1881, Josephine, daughter of Moses and Sally (Hanson) Woodsum, born September 6, 1843, in Saco, Maine. He went to Worcester in 1867; learned the boot and shoe trade with the Bay State Shoe & Leather Company; 1879, became superintendent of one of the largest boot and shoe factories in Worcester ; at present employed as a leather chemist of high repute. He is a prominent member of the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Ladies of Honor, and other kindred orders. Lives in his own fine house corner Hudson and Blossom streets, Worcester. No children. V. William Lorenzo 7 , born August 29, 1854; resides in Worcester ; a teamster. VI. Caroline 7 , born March 12, 1858; married, April 22, 1874, at Worcester, Henry Lorenzo Wheelock, born in Brook- field, July 14, 1850, son of Lorenzo and Mary (King) Wheelock ; resides in East Brookfield. No children. 63. GEORGE DANA S (John 6 , John*, John*, Thomas 2 , Shadrach*), born December 3, 1811, at Winchendon. Learned the tan- ner's trade; removed, 1840, to Rindge, New Hampshire. Married, September 9, 1841, Catharine Wight, daughter of 282 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Charles and Mehitable Mixer, of Dedham, Massachusetts, born September n, 1819. Carried on the tanning business extensively till 1857, when he was burned out; was a lead- ing man in Rindge, and held office of selectman 1850-51-52 and 1857, and other positions of honor and trust. April, 1859, he removed to Chester, Massachusetts, and continued the tanning business up to the time of his death April 13, 1890. CHILDREN. I. George Henry 7 , born April 20, 1842, at Rindge; married, November 2, 1864, Marietta, daughter of Elbridge and Lucy Wilcox, of Chester, born September 12, 1843; resides in Chester; a tanner and insurance agent. CHILDREN. I. Edwin Otis 8 , born at Chester, June 16, 1867 ; gradu- ated from Springfield High School, Class of 1886, and from Albany, New York College of Pharmacy, Class of 1890 ; married, at Springfield, Massachusetts, June 10, 1896, Cornelia Frances, daughter of Dallas M. and Elizabeth Pease, born at Longmeadow, Massachusetts, Septem- ber 9, 1873 ; resides in Springfield ; a pharmacist. II. Ernest Wilcox 8 , born October i, 1877; died February u, 1878. II. Anna Elizabeth 7 , born June 24, 1844; married, November 7, 1866, at Chester, William P., son of Daniel and Eleata Alderman, born January 3, 1836, at Middlefield ; resides in West Springfield. III. Emma Jane 7 , born February 21, 1846, at Rindge; died February 17, 1890, at Chester. IV. Charles Mixer 7 , born September i, 1849; died October 23, 1849, at Rindge. V. Charles Dana 7 , born March 23, 1852; died February 28, 1853- VI. Charles Nelson 7 , born January 22, 1860; died February 26, 1860. SIXTH GENERATION. 283 64. CHARLES WHITMAN (Benjamin*, John*, John*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born December 30, 1806; married, first, 1837, Mrs. Mary Hunter, born August 12, 1803, at Stow, daughter of Judah and Catharine (Whitman) Wetherbee ; and second, he married, November 6, 1855, at Boston, Elizabeth Haley, born 1817, in Ireland. After his first marriage he removed to Brattleboro', Vermont, where he became a large farmer ; returning to Boston, he was for some years engaged in the stable business, but subse- quently removed to Hingham, Massachusetts, and worked for E. T. Bouve. After this he was employed by N. Ripley, of the Rockland House, Nantasket, and placed in charge of the barges and boat passengers, and was a quiet, obliging, reliable man, much respected ; died at Nantasket, February 13, 1879- CHILD. I. John 7 , born February 6, 1840 (by first wife), in Boston; married, 1864, Mary E. Howe, of Westboro', and died in New York, 1893. No children. 65. MosES 6 (David*, Jonathan*, John*, Thomas*, Shadrack 1 }, born December 12, 1807 ; married, April 9, 1831, at Harvard, Massachusetts, Sally Wetherbee, born in Fitchburg, June 2, 1 807. Moses was a farmer, of considerable force of character, in Marlboro', where he settled, and where all his children were born ; and by the aid of his most excellent and prudent wife, who died August 18, 1896, at the advanced age of eighty-nine, he was quite successful and prominent in his vocation. He died May 26, 1877. 284 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. I. William 7 , born December 3, 1832; married, October 30, 1855, Mary Ann, daughter of William Barclay, born 1831, at Danbury, New Hampshire; resides in Hopkinton, Massachusetts ; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Everett Emerson 8 , born September 16, 1856; mar- ried, September 16, 1895, Fannie Clark Mowry, of Holliston, Massachusetts, a teacher. He is a bright, intelligent man, with consumptive tendencies, and this condition of health has compelled him to seek employment in various places, North and South. He is an architect, contractor, and builder. He was graduated from the Boston Institute of Technology ; spent three years in New Orleans, Louisiana, as teacher in a school of architecture ; resides in Allston, Massachusetts. II. Henry Nelson 8 , born August 19, 1858 ; died August, 1865. III. Henrietta Melissa 8 , born April 28, 1860; died Jan- uary 3, 1862. II. David 7 , born Decemjber 19, 1834; died January 22, 1835. III. Wilbur 7 , born October 29, 1838; married, April 21, 1869, at Rock Bottom, Maria Elizabeth, relict of his brother Cephas, who was lost in the War of the Rebellion ; resides in Milton Mills, New Hampshire ; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Elmer Irving 8 , born June 24, 1871, at Hudson; married, August 15, 1891, at South Royalton, Vermont, Mary Louisa, daughter of John and Adaline Woodward. II. Carrie May*, born October 10, 1881, at Milton Mills, New Hampshire. IV. Cephas Jonathan 7 , born February 10, 1840; married, March 26, 1862, at Rock Bottom (Stow), Maria Eliza- beth, daughter of George Parker and E. W. (Stickney) Mills, born September 27, 1840. He enlisted in the navy, in 1863, for one year, and again, in 1864, in the Fifth Pennsylvania Cavalry, and presumably gave his SIXTH GENERATION. 285 life to his country, as no tidings further of him were ever received. CHILD. I. Wilbur Gould 8 , born March 28, 1864, at Hudson ; married, February 9, 1889, at Sebec, Maine, Annie May Brown, of Dedham, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. I. Eugene Percival 9 , born April 6, 1890; died June 5, 1890. II. Eva Lillian?, born September 7, 1893; died October n, 1893. V. Abigail Jemima 7 , born May 14, 1842; married, May 10, 1883, James Henry Foss, of Haverhill, born March 5, 1831, died November 12, 1885, in Hudson; and she married, second, February 5, 1887, Philip Eastman Millay, born October 12, 1825, in Whitefield, Maine; resides in Hudson, Massachusetts. VI. Susan Wetherbee 7 , born September 23, 1844; married, June 17, 1863, Levi L. Felton, born at Marlboro', March i, 1841 ; was a soldier in the Civil War, mem- ber of unattached company Heavy Artillery, Massa- chusetts Volunteers; died January 30, 1875 5 she died October 21, 1875. CHILDREN. 1. Leon Leslie 8 Felton, . born June 19, 1866, at Harvard ; died November 9, 1885, at Milton, of consumption. 2. Freddie Elmer 8 , born November 2, 1868, at Hudson; died July 13, 1877. 3. Bertie 8 , born January u, 1871 ; died August, 1871. VII. Caroline Minerva 7 , born October 2, 1848; died December 7, 1878, at Hudson. 66. Rupus 6 (David*, Jonathan*, John*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born May 31, 1813; married, 1842, in England, Maria Barnes, born July 9, 1828, at Liverpool; died February 286 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1 6, 1868, at Somerville, Massachusetts, of consumption. Rufus was a sailor, and followed the sea for many years ; returned to Hudson ; died October n, 1885, at Middlefield, Massachusetts, from injuries received by a railroad accident. CHILDREN. I. Reuben Henry 7 , born November 30, 1845; enlisted, February 27, 1864, in the Massachusetts Fourth Battery; died November n, 1864, of chronic diarrhoea, at New Orleans, Louisiana. II. Rufus 7 , born , 1847; died in infancy. III. Mary 7 , born , 1849; died in infancy. IV. William Wesley 7 , born April 24, 1852; resides in Kansas City, Missouri; a carpenter; married, February 10, 1878, at St. Louis, Missouri, Dora Meyer, born July 13, 1848, at Hanover, Massachusetts. CHILD. I. Winnifred 8 , born November 15, 1878, at Kansas City. V. Lydia Elizabeth 7 , born October 8, 1854; died April 26, 1890, at New York City; a teacher. VI. Alfred Fletcher 7 and a twin daughter, both died in infancy. 67. REUBEN 6 (David 5 , Jonathan*, John*, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born May 31, 1813; married, September 10, 1835, Ruth Carter Moore, born October 26, 1818, in Bolton ; died May 16, 1873. He was for many years a shoe manufacturer, but later in life he turned his attention to farming. His gener- ous disposition brought him in touch with the poor, and he served several years on the board of overseers of the poor; died August 7, 1890. SIXTH GENERATION. 287 CHILDREN. I. Mary Jane 7 , born June 17, 1836, at Bolton; married, May 26, 1867, Jonas Taylor, son of Moses and Anna (Taylor) Houghton, born October 3, 1833, at Stow; now of Houghton & Company, Hudson and Boston Express. After graduating from the Westfield Normal School, taught for several years in the public schools, and as assistant in the high school at Marlboro 1 ; has served fifteen years on school committee, from 1880 to 1896. They have a fine summer residence at Brant Rock, Massachusetts. No children. II. Rufus Henry 7 , born August 17, 1838, at Marlboro'. In early life he worked in a cutting room in one of the large shoe shops in Hudson; appointed superintendent of cutting rooms of Bradley & Sayward's extensive factory; now engaged in farming. Public spirited, he served the town as assessor, and filled other offices of trust and responsibility; married, October 4, 1860, at Rock Bottom, Armine Augusta, daughter of Eleazer O. and Abigail A. Howe, born March 7, 1842, at Acton, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. I. Eva Stella 8 , born May 30, 1862 (librarian of Hudson Public Library) ; married, January 5, 1888, Sumner B. Robinson, of Hudson ; book- keeper in Boston. He built a house in Bel- mont, in 1896, where he resides. CHILD. 1. Guy Hapgood 9 Robinson, born February 2, 1891. II. Leon Reuben 8 , born September 29, 1867 ; resides in Westboro'; a jeweler; married, April 14, 1897, at Foxboro', Massachusetts, Elizabeth, daugh- ter of John and Mary Ann (Caton) Tarment, of Luton Beds, England, born June 3, 1876. III. Edmund Augustus 7 , born October 17, 1854; died April 7, 1855. IV. Elvira Alice 7 , born July 2, 1856; book-keeper and librarian at Hudson Public Library; died May 10, 1883. The Rev. Mr. Gibbs delivered a fitting eulogy upon the 288 HAPGOOD FAMILY. occasion, an extract from which, is copied from a local paper : " Her life was one of unselfish thought for others, of purity and goodness. Her gentle, lovable nature had no higher ambition than that of doing good. In the duties she was engaged in, she drew all classes towards her by a sweet disposition, invariable patience, and deep sympathy for all. In her duties she was indefatigable. Embodied in her character were the qualities of simplicity, integrity, patience, persever- ance, and a noble womanliness. Her influence for good was felt wherever she moved. Her brain, her pen, and her word have been felt in the -industries of the town." 68. GEORGE 6 (David 5 , Jonathan*, John*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born May 7, 1821 ; married, March 26, 1844, Harriet Ange- line, daughter of Nahum and Mary Warren, of Marlboro', born July 13, 1818, at Hudson; died February 17, 1888. He married, second, September 19, 1888, Mary Warfield, of Westboro', Massachusetts ; resided in Hudson, a shoe- maker, but died at Westboro', a farmer, February n, 1890. CHILDREN. I. M#ry A. 7 , born August 13, 1845, at Westboro'; died August 14, 1845. II. Ella Autencia 7 , born May 4, 1847, at Westboro'; married, at Bolton, Arthur Wood. CHILD. 1. Clifford Leander 8 Wood, born January 23, 1866. III. Lucy Emma 7 , born May 10, 1849, at Bolton; died at Hudson, September 26, 1887; unmarried. IV. Myron Leander 7 , born April 26, 1851 ; died August 30, 1851. V. Mary Ednah 7 , born May 25, 1852, at Bolton; married, September 17, 1892, at Hudson, Charles Pope; she died, leaving no children. SIXTH GENERATION. 289 VI. Hattie Frances 7 , born December 22, 1854, at Hudson; married, November 2, 1891, Elhanan Winchester Whitney, born at Lancaster, October 21, 1819, son of Simeon Howard and Nancy Whitney. No children. She was a teacher, and died April 3, 1896, at Harvard. VII. George M. 7 , born May 2, 1857, at Bolton; married, June 22, 1878, Lizzie Greenleaf, of Hudson. CHILDREN. I. Ernest Herbert 8 , born February 4, 1880, at Hudson; died in 1881. II. George Irving 8 , born September 18, 1881. VIII. Alfred Edmund 7 , born October 11, 1860; married, first, January 21, 1882, Cora Mabel, daughter of John Marshall and Annie Whitcomb, of Stow, born De- cember 10, 1860. She died May 9, 1884, and he mar- ried, second, December 31, 1890, Mabel Hattie, daughter of Leonard and Hattie (Ward) Brewer, of Berlin, Massachusetts, born December 18, 1869; resides in Hudson ; a shoemaker. CHILD. I. Arthur Edmund 8 , born October 26, 1883. 69. GILBERT 6 (Francif 1 , Jonathan*, John*, Thomas 1 , born April 21, 1816; married, December 12, 1850, Hannah, daughter of Calvin and Roxana (Baily) Scripture, born Decembers, 1828, in Lewis County, New York; resided in Tivoli, Dubuque County, Iowa, where he died May 29, 1858 ; a farmer. She died January 10, 1895, at Farley, Iowa. CHILD. 98 I. Francis Calvin 7 , born January 17, 1852, at Lamotte, Iowa; married, June 6, 1878, Annie Isabel Squiers. 290 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 7O. JONATHAN 6 , (Francis?, Jonathan*, John*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born January 7, 1823 ; married, first, September 12, 1843, Mary Ann Condy Warren, of Paxton, Massachusetts, born July 30, 1825 ; died May 3, 1863, and he married, second, May 4, 1865, Clarissa Merriam, born at Oxford, Massachu- setts, November 4, 1827; she died June 18, 1897, in Worces- ter, and he married, third, in Worcester, January 6, 1898, Mrs. Julia M. Rice, born in Manhasset, Long Island, August n, 1860; her first husband died in Seattle about a year after their marriage. He is the proprietor of a hack- stand in Worcester. CHILDREN, by first marriage. 99 I. Gilbert Warren 7 , born August 17, 1845, at Paxton, Massa- chusetts; married, March 7, 1871, Emily Tamzin Cutting. II. Oilman Perry 7 , born September 5, 1847, at Paxton; mar- ried, January 10, 1871, Viola Naomi Putnam, of Worcester; resides in Kansas City, Missouri; s. p. III. Sewell Mirick 7 , born September 20, 1849; died November 10, 1849. IV. Harriet Maria 7 , born October 3, 1850, at Paxton; married, February 2, 1871, at Worcester, Albert Lemuel Houghton, of the same city; removed November, 1885, to Kansas City, where he now is engaged in an extensive lumber business. CHILDREN. 1. Alice Luella 8 Houghton, born October 30, 1875, at Tama City, Iowa ; resides with her parents. 2. Sadie Louise 8 , born March 16, 1878. 3. Clarence Lemuel 8 , born November 30, 1881. 4. Ina May 8 , born October 30, 1883. 5. Harrison Albert 8 , born March 20, 1889. V. Mary Olive 7 , born April 22, 1854; married, October 3, 1878, at Worcester, Doctor Clarence Howes, born March 24, 1848; resides in Hanover, Massachusetts. SIXTH GENERATION. 291 CHILDREN. 1. Frederick Hapgood 8 Howes, born August 29, 1879; died July, 1895. 2. Caroline Bradford 8 , born July 8, 1883. VI. Hattie Miranda 7 , born April 30, 1871, at Oakham ; the twelfth child of Samuel 6 , adopted by her uncle Jonathan, January, 1874, when less than three years old, and she became a member of his family as child number six. She married, October 30, 1894, at Worces- ter, Charles Goddard Borman, born June 22, 1864, at Phillipston, Massachusetts; resides in Worcester ; in the paper hanging business. 71. SAMUEL 6 (Francis', Jonathan 1 ', John*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born December 21, 1827; married, August 29, 1853, Maria Elizabeth, daughter of Harvey and Marandy (Ware) Wood- ward, born September 19, 1833, at Paxton ; died June 3, 1873, at Oakham ; resides in West Rutland, Massachusetts. CHILDREN. I. Ellen Dorcas 7 , born May 4, 1854 ; died at Paxton, February 27, 1855. II. Edson Harvey', born November 22, 1855; tormented by that insidious foe, the asthma ; resides in Oakham ; a farmer; unmarried. He adopted a little son of his sister Olive Sarah, as Herbert Henry 8 Hapgood, born August 23, 1882, at Springfield, Massachusetts. III. Albert Francis 7 , born March 6, 1857; resides in Oakham; a farmer; unmarried. IV. Lei ia Ellen 7 , born September 9, 1858; died September n, 1859. V. Leon Morton 7 , born May 2, 1861 ; resides in West Rutland ; unmarried. VI. Fannie Woodward 7 , born July 12, 1862, at Paxton ; married, January i, 1890, at Worcester, George Alvy Morton, born February 29, 1864; resides in New Germany, Lunenburg County, Nova Scotia. 292 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. Ernest Lyle 8 Morton, born May 20, 1893, at Spencer, Massachusetts. 2. Raymond Ford 8 , born February 16, 1897, in New Germany. VII. Nellie Abbie 7 , born February 13, 1864, at Holden; died May 19, 1866. VIII. Olive Sarah 7 , born April 29, 1865, at Holden; married, April 23, 1884, at Worcester, William C. Crawford, born at Oakdale, June 16, 1849; divorced about 1887, and she married, second, February 5, 1896, at Hudson, Edwin Washburn Lawrence, born at Albany, Maine, June 26, 1860; resides in Westbrook, Maine. CHILDREN. 1. Herbert 8 Crawford, born August 23, 1882; adopted by her brother, Edson, taking the name of Herbert Henry Hapgood. 2. Ida Lizzie 8 born June 13, 1885. IX. Freddie Herbert 7 , born June 20, 1868, at Oakham ; a farmer ; unmarried. X. Alice Effie 7 , born February 23, 1870; married, July 8, 1889, at West Newton, Massachusetts, Conrad Karle, born on the ocean; resided in Worcester. Karle left his wife; and she married, second, 1897, Lyman Cobb, a widower, with five children ; resides in Holden. CHILD. 1. Effie 8 Karle, born about 1891. XI. Agnes Estella 7 , born February 23, 1870 ; married, October 21, 1891, Harry Edgar Dunn, at Chicago; resides in Pasadena, California. CHILDREN. 1. Marguerite Isis 8 Dunn, born August 6, 1892. 2. Mignonette Irene 8 , born January 16, 1895. XII. Hattie Miranda 7 , born April 30, 1871, at Oakham, adopted by her Uncle Jonathan, January, 1874. XIII. Ida Lizzie 7 , born April i, 1873, at Oakham; adopted April, 1874, by Alfred Holden of Barre Plains, Massachu- setts ; and her name changed to Mabel Hapgood Holden. She married, January i, 1892, at Worcester, Roy Fessenden, of Barre Plains ; resides in Marlboro. SIXTH GENERATION. 293 CHILDREN. 1. Mary Irene 8 Fessenden, born September 2, 1892, in Framingham. 2. Bertha Louise 8 , born March 4, 1894, in Barre. 3. A daughter 8 , born October 16, 1897. 72. IRA 6 (Thomas*, Thomas*, Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born January 17, 1805 ; married, March, 1829, Persis, daughter of Christopher B. Bigelow, of Berlin, born March 22, 1802; died February 27, 1892. He resided at Marlboro', a wheel- wright of some notoriety, and died January 28, 1868. CHILDREN. 100 I. Christopher Banister 7 , born January 31, 1830; married Persis Bigelow. II. Ira Dana 7 , born February 23, 1832; died Sept. 12, 1834. 101 III. Levi 7 , born August 16, 1834; married Rebecca Haddock. IV. Amanda E. 7 , born November 17, 1836; resides in Hudson; a dressmaker ; unmarried. 102 V. Thomas Dana 7 , born April 7, 1839; married, September 28, 1861, Martha Candace Asletine. VI. Mary Witt 7 , born May 28, 1841 ; married, April 25, 1862, John Cummings, born August 15, 1840, at Stow; educated in the public schools ; worked in shoe shops till 1874, when he was called to a position in the West- boro' Reform School, where he now resides. CHILDREN. 1. Albert H. 8 Cummings, born April 6, 1862, in Marlboro'; died October 25, 1862. 2. Arthur E. 8 , born December 24, 1863 ; died October 15, 1864, in Marlboro'. 3. Walter H. 8 , born October 20, 1870, at Westboro'; died July n, 1872, at Hudson. 4. Lena M. 8 , born May 17, 1880, at Hudson. 103 VII. Lewis Ira 7 , born October 19, 1844; married, August 22, 1865, Mary Green Wheeler. VIII. Sylvia 7 , born April 16, 1847; died February 26, 1865. 294 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 73. GiLMAN 6 (Thomas*, Thomas*, Joseph?, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born February i, 1809; married, January i, 1837, Susan Wright Ross, born January 10, 1809; died July 31, 1888. He was a man of business enterprise and energy. Early in life he purchased heavy teams and freighted to Boston market, farm products, which he bought and sold on his own account or on commission for the farmer. He also did the freighting for the Rock Bottom mills and merchants of the town. Prompt and faithful to every duty, liberal to the poor, full of fun and good humor, and so punctual on the road, that it became proverbial among the residents that when " Uncle Oilman " arrived, no clock was needed to determine the hour. He resided in Bolton, now Hudson, quite near the place of his nativity, all of his married life, and it was probably owing to his cheerful disposition that it was prolonged to eighty-two, and then only ended by that relentless foe, " La Grippe." He had prosecuted his business successfully, even after railroads were established, but finally he concluded that steam was too powerful a competitor, and the big teams were abandoned. He died at Hudson, December 25, 1891, honored and respected. CHILDREN. I. Lucy Lavinia 7 , born March 17, 1838, at Northboro' ; married, April i, 1860, Henry L. Barnard, of Hudson, born October 7, 1838; tavern-keeper: died Augusts, 1895. CHILD. 1. John Henry 8 Barnard, born September 26,1864; died February 5, 1865. II. Susan Rebecca 7 , born February 13, 1841, at Bolton; mar- ried, August 9, 1860, Nestor Sanborn Fairbanks, born August 31, 1837; died September 11, 1890. Kept a grocery and provision store in Hudson. SIXTH GENERATION. 295 CHILDREN. 1. Charles Gilman 8 Fairbanks, born January 20, 1861 ; married, first, May 10, 1883, Edith Isabella Billings, who died September 23, 1886; and he married, second, September 27, 1893, IdaEdwina Lampson ; resides in Hudson. No children. 2. Alice Luette 8 , born November 12, 1865; died August 28, 1867. 3. Annie Luette 8 , born November 25, 1870 ; married, September 20, 1893, Edward Franklin Worces- ter ; resides in Hudson. 4. Silas Bailey 8 , born January 4, 1875. 5. Mary Sanborn 8 , born June 24, 1878 ; died June 20, 1885. 6. Nestor Sawyer 8 , born September 22, 1881; died September n, 1890. III. John Henry 7 , born January 12, 1846; lived with and worked for his father till the War of Rebellion broke out ; and he enlisted in the Naval service on board the " Poto- mac," under Admiral Farragut. On his return from the service, he married, December 31, 1869, Mary Ann Long, of Boston, born July 31, 1849; an ^ settled on the homestead of his father, a prosperous farmer. No children. IV. Henrietta Sawyer 7 , born September 28, 1849; married, May 27, 1869, Charles H. Hill, of Troy, New York, born November 4, 1844; resides in Hudson. Enlisted in the Eleventh New York Battery, attached to the Second Corps Army of the Potomac, is now an active member of the Grand Army of the Republic, a trial justice, Secretary of the Co-operative Bank, a large dealer in real estate in Hudson, and highly esteemed as an upright, intelligent citizen. CHILDREN. 1. Susan Martha 8 Hill, born November 30, 1869. 2. Alice Lee 8 , born August 13, 1871 ; died October 24, 1874. 3. Ruth Lee 8 , born February 12, 1890. 296 HAPGOOD FAMILY. V. Zipporah Emily 7 , born January 23, 1852 ; married, December 6, 1875, Luke Smith Brooks, of Maynard, born August 12, 1850, where he is a successful fruit grower, but he is more interested in a large orange plantation, in Citra, Florida, where he resides the larger part of his time. Had one daughter, died at birth. 74. WILLIAM GEORGE (Thomas*, Thomas*, Joseph*, Thomas' 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born December 2, 1819; married, May 16, 1842, Caroline Brunswick Howe, born at Marlboro', April 30, 1825 ; died March 24, 1889; resides in Berlin; a carpenter. CHILDREN. I. Caroline Eldora 7 , born November 15, 1845; married, September 12, 1865, John Quincy Maynard; resides in Berlin ; a shoe manufacturer. CHILDREN. 1. Cora Gertrude 8 Maynard, born August 9, 1867 ; died October 25, 1868. 2. Willie 8 , born August 5, 1869; died young. 3. Ernest Allston 8 , born April 21, 1872. II. Abbie Augusta 7 , born January 3, 1848; married, March i, 1865, Nathaniel H. Cartwright, of Berlin; shoemaker. CHILDREN. 1. Cora Belle 8 Cartwright, born April 25, 1866; died September 6, 1866. 2. Fred Hartwell 8 , born March 13, 1867. 3. George Herbert 8 , born October 26, 1874. , 1 Twins. 4. Harry Elroy 8 , born October 26, 1874. \ III. Mary Rebecca 7 , born June n, 1850; died August n, 1858. IV. John Winslow 7 , born November 29, 1852 ; resides in Berlin ; a carpenter. V. Erving Ellsworth 7 , born March 21, 1865; married, Sep- tember 2, 1888, Lillian Viola Wilkins, of Marlboro'. SIXTH GENERATION. 297 CHILDREN. I. Caroline Irene 8 , born June 30, 1889; died Novem- ber 7, 1889. II. Bernice Adaline 8 , born February 22, 1892. 75. THOMAS EMERSON** (Thomas*, Thomas*, Joseph?, Thomas*, Shadrack 1 },^. May n, 1824, in Marlboro', Massachusetts; spent his early years there on a farm, and at the age of sixteen was apprenticed to learn the trade of shoe making. Poor boys of that period had very meagre opportunities for obtaining an education, the district school being the only means, and the winter months the only season the boys could find time to attend ; thus his chances for school in- struction were slight. A natural love of books and reading, therefore, was his only means of acquiring an education, and has resulted in the possession of a considerable and well- selected library. On June 25, 1850, he was married to Nancy Sophia Brigham, of Marlboro', where he made his home, being among the first to engage in the factory system of manufacturing boots and shoes by machinery. He established the firm of Hapgood & Phelps, and continued the same, doing quite an extensive business until 1862. In that year he moved to Providence, Rhode Island, being interested in employment of convicts, in the state prison in the manufacture of shoes. After remaining there four years, he removed to Sing Sing, New York, where he continued the business of manufacturing by the employment of convicts. He early became identified with the best movements looking to the public welfare of his adopted 298 HAPGOOD FAMILY. city, in the perfecting of a system of water works, also of gas and electric lighting ; he served as a member of the board of aldermen for six years, declining a further re-elec- tion ; has also been, for many years, a member of the board of education, and most of the time its chairman. Died February 6, 1897. CHILDREN. I. Alice Sophia 7 , born April 29, 1851 ; married, October 8, 1873, George Washington Kiff ; resides in Sing Sing. CHILDREN. 1. Howard Hapgood 8 Kiff, born February 16, 1877; a student in Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut. 2. Dorothy Grace 8 , born June 19, 1892. II. Frank Emerson 7 , born April 29, 1856; died July 8, 1858. III. Fred Hastings 7 , born March 12, 1859 > died March 30, 1859. 104 IV. Ben Andrew 7 , born June 12, 1860; married, August 21, 1888, Emma Elizabeth Layley, of New York. V. Annie Yerington 7 , born July 22, 1863; married, February 14, 1888, Hiram R. Reynolds ; resides in Williams- port, Pennsylvania. CHILD. 1. Katharine Alice 8 Reynolds, born August 10, 1894. 105 VI. Edward Thomas 7 , born Decembers, 1866; married, Octo- ber 5, 1892, Elizabeth M. Smith. VII. William Henry 7 , born at Sing Sing, December 29, 1870; attended Holbrook's Military Academy, at Sing Sing, from 1 88 1 to 1890, and then entered Cornell Univer- sity at Ithaca, New York, with class of '94; now living at Sing Sing; unmarried. 76. JOSEPH JACKSON" (Josiah*, Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas'*, Shad- rach 1 ), born January 29, 1805. Removed from Marlboro' to Peru, Vermont, 1806, purchased lands, built a house using SIXTH GENERATION. 299 the lower part for a store. Married, November 28, 1832, Hepsibah, daughter of Benjamin and Hepsibah (Philbrick) Barnard, born December 21, 1811. The wife tended the store, and he the farm, carrying on also an extensive lumber business. He prospered, built more houses, and for many years was the only merchant in the town, became a man of wealth and standing; he died in Peru, October 22, 1875. (History of Peru, 1877). His widow removed to Somerville, Massachusetts, where she still survives him. CHILDREN. I. Charlotte Hepsibah 7 , born September 19, 1833, at Peru; resides in Somerville, with her mother ; a music teacher; unmarried. II. Charles Jackson 7 , born November 2, 1836 ; died August 18, 1840. III. Marshall Manning 7 , born May 30, 1839 ; died April 25, 1842. 106 IV. Luke Barnard 7 , born June 21, 1841 ; married, September 6, 1864, Ellen Sarah Davis, of Peru. 107 V. Charles Manning 7 , born March 3, 1845 ; married, January i, 1868, Olive Caroline Emery. 108 VI. Marshall Jay 7 , born January 13, 1850; married, May 25, 1874, Flora Edith Huggins. 77. LUTHER MAYNARD S (Joseph*, Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born June 6, 1813 ; married, October 29, 1835, Olive Wetherbee, daughter of Abner Houghton, of Hub- bardston, Massachusetts; settled in Leominster, 1840, where he became a respected citizen and prosperous farmer. On the breaking out of the War of the Rebellion, 1861, at the age of forty-eight, he enlisted in the same regiment with his sons, was in the renowned Peninsular Campaign, broke 300 HAPGOOD FAMILY. down in health, and discharged for disability. His wife died June 20, 1883, and he married, second, February 25, 1884, Mrs. Mary Spaulding, of Sterling, where he died, August 31, 1890. All the children were by first wife. CHILDREN. 109 I. Luther Sawyer 7 , born July 26, 1836, at Sterling ; married, Anna M. Colvin. II. Joseph Henry 7 , born July 15, 1839; married, February, 1868, Mary Allen. He received a common school education, worked on a farm up to the commencement of the War of the Rebellion; enlisted July 12, 1861, in Company A, Fifteenth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteers, for three years ; badly wounded in the hip at Balls Bluff, October 21, 1861, removed to hospital, and later returned home on furlough ; joined his regi- ment, March, 1862, taken sick and sent to Chesapeake Hospital, performed hospital duty till expiration of his term of service. He then enlisted in Company G, Fifth Regiment, Maryland Volunteers, November 22, 1864, for one year; served to the end of the war and was honorably discharged September i, 1865. After the war he learned a carpenter's trade, and did such work as he was able to do with a troublesome wound. In 1871, he removed to Byron, Ogle County, Illinois, where he still pursued his trade. Again, in 1880, he removed to Bridgewater, McCook County, South Dakota, where he became a somewhat noted contractor and builder, and also an extensive furniture dealer ; s. p. III. Ann Maria 7 , born November 21, 1841, at Leominster; married, February 12, 1869, Henry Lett. She died August 5, 1886, in New York City. CHILDREN. 1. Lillian J. 8 Lett, born August 3, 1871, at Sterling; married Fred J. Hawkins, of Leominster. 2. Hattie O. 8 , born April 15, 1874, at Stanhope, New Jersey ; married Fred Whitney ; resides in Leominster. 3. Stephen H. 8 , born August 6, 1877, at Stanhope; resides in Leominster. SIXTH GENERATION. 301 4. Charlotte M. 8 , born September 10, 1879, at Stan- hope; died August 6, 1881, at Hoboken. 5. Mary P. 8 , born March 29, 1882, at Hoboken, New York ; died June 6, 1886. IV. Charlotte Harriet 7 , born August 18, 1843; married, Feb- ruary 28, 1872, in Leominster, Benjamin B. Hess. CHILDREN. 1. Ida S. 8 Hess, born September 23, 1872; died January 19, 1875. 2. Albert R. 8 , born March 25, 1877. 3. Edith Fannie 8 , born October 21, 1882. V. Abner Cooledge 7 , born July 20, 1845; married, December 25, 1874, Mary Cordelia Rounds, of Foster, Rhode Island, born July n, 1836; resides in Leominster. CHILD. I. John Herbert 8 , born in Lunenburg, September 20, 1871 (adopted); occupies the old homestead; now works in Kingman's comb shop. VI. Sarah Jane 7 , born April 20, 1847; resides in Leominster; unmarried. VII. Olive Quinnum 7 , born August 7, 1849; unmarried. VIII. John Oilman 7 , born December 9, 1851 ; resided in Tehama, California ; probably dead. IX. Eloise Herman 7 , born August 14, 1855; died October 14, 1881. X. Urania Arethusa 7 , born September 30, 1857; married, No- vember 27, 1895, at Red Bluff, California, Colonel Henry L. Stratton ; resides in Tehama. XI. Abbie Green 7 , born July 21, 1860, at Oakdale ; married, May 4, 1881, at Leominster, William H. Boyden. CHILDREN. 1. Ada E. 8 Boyden, born September 15, 1882. 2. Grace O. 8 , born July 6, i8Sf. 3. Waldo M. 8 , born January 7, 1887. 4. Clara L. 8 , born November 8, 1893. 302 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 78. JOHN GiLMAN 6 {Joseph*, Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas*, Shad- rach 1 ), born July 6, 1822; married, April 5, 1850, at New Haven, Connecticut, Cynthia, daughter of Captain Isaac Hathaway, of Wilton, Maine, and shortly afterwards bought up a "claim" in Minnesota, in what is now East Minne- apolis, comprising a tract of forty acres. In the log-cabin on this farm the two elder children were born, but as soon as the profits from unremitting toil made it possible, a new house was built, and in it Everett, the youngest child, first saw the light. Indians frequented the locality, and many times alarmed the family. It was not, however, until the Sioux massacre of August, 1862, that Mr. and Mrs. Hapgood thought it best to leave Minnesota and return to the East. They departed in November, 1862, for Massachusetts, 'residing in West Boylston, Worcester, and Natick. Mr. Hapgood was an excellent machinist, and secured permanent employment in Boston, to which city the family removed in 1866, where he pursued his vocation of machinist. The children were well educated, the family residence being at Charlestown. CHILDREN. I. Abby Susannah 7 , born May 25, 1856, at Minneapolis, Minnesota. She early became a member of Trinity Methodist Episcopal Church in Charlestown, Massa- chusetts, and actively identified herself with progres- sive church work. She was a teacher in the Sunday School from the time she was eighteen years old until her marriage in 1894. She was a class-leader of boys in the evening meetings, a member of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, also of the King's Daughters, and a life member of the Women's Home Missionary Society. After graduating from the Charlestown High and the Girl's Normal Schools, she taught in the public schools of Boston, meeting SIXTH GENERATION. 303 with unusual success in special classes of rough and unruly boys ; she had charge of that department in the Dudley School, and took pains to inquire into the home life of the boys, helping them there as well as in the schoolroom. In many cases she followed up the boys after they left school, and her wise counsel and substantial aid has kept them on the right road, when otherwise they must have stumbled. Married, Decem- ber 31, 1894, at Charlestown, Samuel Benjamin Nichols, of Boston, where he resides. She died February 18, 1898. CHILD. 1. Evelyn Cynthia Hapgood 8 Nichols, born February ii, 1898. 110 II. Melvin Hathaway 7 , born February 11, 1859, at Minne- apolis; married, December 31, 1890, Mary Morgan Smith. III. Everett Ellsworth 7 , born September 20, 1861, at Minne- apolis; died June 13, 1864, at Natick, Massachusetts. 79. LEWIS (Jonathan*, Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born May n, 1815; married, March 7, 1839, Almira Eliza- beth, daughter of Dana and Martha (Temple) Stow, of Southboro', born March 22, 1823. He removed from Prince- ton to Marlboro' about 1840, purchased a large tract of land in the northerly part of the town, now known as Fort Meadow Road, and, presumably, built the large house now occupied by his son and successor. He was killed by a mad bull, December 18, 1889. His wife died at Marlboro', Janu- ary 29, 1893. CHILDREN. I. Lyman 7 , born September n, 1840, at the Fort Meadow Mansion, where he has ever resided, and carries on the farm in a quiet way ; unmarried. 304 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Ill II. Charles Warren 7 , born September 23, 1841 ; married, July 28, 1868, Malvina A. Gleason. III. Henry Stow 7 , born October 6, 1842, at Marlboro'; married, September 23, 1869, Mrs. Harriet Matilda (Bowker) Webster, born January n, 1839, at Sudbury. He lived on the farm with his father, a smart, enterpris- ing boy with limited education, till he was twenty-five years old; went to Marlboro', October, 1867, to learn the butcher's trade. He removed, 1870, to Concord, and was employed in the same business for eight years. Then he worked two years in the meat department of the great store of Tuttle, Jones & Wetherbee, at South Acton. Desiring a more quiet life, he bought a farm near the original settlement of Nathaniel Hapgood, in Stow, where he now resides, not only cultivating his acres with success, but is also an auctioneer of some notoriety. a CHILDREN. I. Charles Henry 8 , born August 6, 1870, and resides with his parents on the farm ; unmarried. II. Frank Webster 8 , born June 6, 1874, at Concord, Massachusetts ; received a public school edu- cation; clerk in a grocery store at Maynard, two years, about the same length of time with the C. Brigham Company, in milk business, Boston, and now for about two years in employ of the Providence Division, Old Colony Rail- road, as brakeman. IV. Caroline Marcella 7 , born December n, 1843; married, April u, 1865, James McAuslan, born at Glasgow, Scotland, April 24, 1839; came to this country when eight years old; educated at Lowell; resides in Marlboro'. CHILDREN. 1. James Lewis 8 McAuslan, born June 25, 1874; a student in the Harvard Medical School, in Boston. 2. Margaret Almira 8 , born November 22, 1886. V. Lorenzo 7 , born June 26, 1847; died September 20, 1850. VI. Emeline Louisa 7 , born March 13, 1850; married, March 15, 1874, Alvin Wheeler; resides in Marlboro'. SIXTH GENERATION. 305 CHILD. 1. Lyman Alvin* Wheeler, born November i, 1878. VII. Georgiana 7 , born August 28, 1852; died November 3, 1872. VIII. Omar 7 , born June 27, 1854; died November 3, 1872. IX. Fannie 7 , born October 31, 1857; married, June 8, 1892, Charles W. Smith. CHILD. 1. Caroline Louisa 8 Smith, born May 21, 1894. X. Byron Webber 7 , born July 21, 1860; died November 27, 1872. XI. Sumner 7 , born April 4, 1864; died November 17, 1872. 80. SiLAS 6 (Jonathan*, Joseph*, Joseph, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born March 2, 1819; married, November 25, 1841, Susan Lawrence, born at Boxboro', May, 1820, and died there, August 28, 1853. He died at Hudson, September 18, 1861. CHILDREN. I. Harriet Elmira 7 , born December 15, 1842; died December 2, 1861. II. Angenette Priest 7 , born December 21, 1844; died January 1 8, 1862. III. Susan Adelaide 7 , born July 21, 1846; died July 4, 1897; resided in Hudson, unmarried. IV. William Henry 7 , born May i, 1853, at Marlboro'; died August 8, 1853. 81. WILLIAM GREEN 6 (Isaac?, Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas 2 , Shad- rach 1 }, born January 18, 1818, at Ashby ; married, April 2, 1837, Harriet Newell, daughter of John Manning; a farmer. Removed, 1882, to West Townsend, where he now resides. CHILDREN. I. Charles Julian 7 , born June 5, 1838, at Ashby; died Janu- ary 3, 1869; unmarried. 306 HAPGOOD FAMILY. II. George Albert 7 , born September 17, 1843 (twin with John E.); married, July 4, 1863, Hattie, daughter of True Robbins, of Mason, New Hampshire. CHILD. I. Hattie Alice 8 , born November 2, 1879. III. John Elbridge 7 , born September 17, 1843 ! married, July 4, 1863, Mary Frances, daughter of Orlando Willard Badger, of Ashby ; resides in West Townsend. CHILD. I. Cora Mabel 8 (adopted), born June 30, 1874. IV. Rosanna Emogene 7 , born October 29, 1848 ; married, Octo- ber 29, 1868, Sidney Robbins ; resides in Townsend, Massachusetts. SEVENTH GENERATION. 82. ELBRIDGE 7 ( John 6 , David 5 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 }, born in Reading, Vermont, June 8, 1812, received a mercantile education under his uncle, Bridgman Hapgood, Esquire, became station agent and depot master at Sullivan ; in 1853 received the appointment of mail agent for the road from Springfield, Massachusetts, to St. Johnsbury, Vermont, but soon returned to his former occupation. He married, August 24, 1842, Sarah Elizabeth Gilbert, of Montreal, born October 16, 1823. He died April 10, 1888, at Bellows Falls, Vermont. CHILDREN. I. Helen Elizabeth 8 , born July 20, 1843 ! died June i, 1875. II. Agnes Marion 8 , born June 7, 1845 ; died March i, 1863. III. Oscar Elbridge 8 , born June 5, 1847 ; resides in Bellows Falls ; clerk in Railroad Division office ; unmarried. IV. George Lorenzo 8 , born March 16, 1849; baggage master at Fitchburg Railroad station, Bellows Falls ; unmarried. SEVENTH GENERATION. 307 V. Frank Fay 8 , born April i, 1851, at Claremont, New Hamp- shire; married, December 26, 1876, Delia Wells Nay, of Peterboro, New Hampshire, born September 8, 1856; educated in the public schools of Bellows s Falls ; entered a grocery store, 1868; clerk in the extensive wooden-ware factory of E. Murdock, Jr., Winchendon. 1871 ; went into the clothing business in Peterboro, 1877; removed his stock to Winchendon and sold out, 1890, taking a position as book-keeper in the large factory of E. Murdock & Co. CHILDREN. I. Lillian May 9 , born October 22, 1877. II. Edith Dora", born September 17, 1879. III. Howard Gilbert 9 , born March 7, 1882. VI. Alice Louise 8 , born January 7, 1854; is a clerk in the dry goods store of Stone & Tuxbury at Bellows Falls. VII. Hattie May 8 , born May 15, 1862; cashier in the same store with her sister Alice. VIII. Maud Mabel 8 , born September 6, 1864; resides with her mother in Bellows Falls ; a teacher of drawing and paint- ing at St. Agnes Hall. 83. ADDISON 7 (John*, David 5 , Asa\ Thomas'", Thomas 1 , Shadracfr), born June 23, 1816. Occupied the old home- stead in Reading, Vermont, until 1850, when he removed to Como, Illinois, established a tin, sheet-iron, and hardware business, and in 1862 enlarged so as to embrace general merchandise, which he conducted with energy and success till 1868, when he removed to Rock Falls, Whiteside County, Illinois, built the first store there, and remained in business two years. In October, 1871, he removed to Calhoun County, Iowa, and lived on a farm till the spring of 1875, when he took up his abode in Sterling, Illinois, where he remained until the spring of 1880, when he moved to Denison, Crawford County, Iowa, and again embarked in agriculture. 308 HAPGOOD FAMILY. This business occupied his time and attention for eight years, when he returned to Rock Falls, where the closing days of his life terminated, December 14, 1893, honored and beloved. He married, April 4, 1838, at Reading, Vermont, Lorette Louisa Dunlap, born January 15, 1822; died at Sterling, Illinois. CHILDREN. I. Sarah Lorette 8 , born June 18, 1841, at Reading; married, June u, 1857, at Como, Illinois, Joel Burdick, of Adrian, Michigan, born February i, 1835 ; is a grocer in Manning, Iowa. She died November 23, 1874. CHILDREN. 1. Mary Lorette 9 Burdick, born October 22, 1860, at Sterling; married, November 5, 1884, at Audu- bon, Iowa, Francis Marion Beard, of Barnes- ville, Ohio ; resides in Des Moines, Iowa. 2. George 9 , born August 15, 1862, at Erie, Illinois; died December 10, 1862, at Como. 3. Clara Hapgood 9 , born July 19, 1865, at Sterling; married, September 5, 1888, at Wellington, Kansas, James Frank Russell ; resides in Audubon. 4. Fannie Dunlap 9 , born July 17, 1867, at Chicago, Illinois; married, October 16, 1889, Elliott Pres- ton, of Morrison, Illinois, where they reside. 5. Julia Russell 9 , born March 13, 1870, at Rock Falls ; resides in Morrison. II. Charles Clinton 8 , born April 21, 1843; drowned in Rock River, August i, 1853. III. Alice Maria 8 , born November 4, 1845, at Reading, Vermont; married, September 14, 1869, at Rock Falls, Illinois, Sam- uel Ticknor^Davison, born November 4, 1844, at Hartwick Seminary, New York, son of William and Mary Davison ; resided on a farm in Iowa twenty-five years, but finally driven by blizzards and extreme cold to the more genial climate of Pasadena, California. No children. IV. Clara Louisa 8 , born December 20, 1851, at Como, Illinois ; married October 4, 1874, at Rock Falls, Charles Henry Glassburn, of Gallia County, Ohio ; resides Austin, Illinois. SEVENTH GENERATION. 309 CHILDREN. 1. Grace Lorette 9 Glassburn, born October 20, 1876, at Sterling, Illinois. 2. Henry Hapgood 9 , born October 31, 1878, at Ster- ling; died June 12, 1890, at Rock Falls. Hugh Damron 9 , born June I, 1882, at Portville, Iowa. Edward Wiley 9 , born March 10, 1884, at Ossian, Iowa; died May n, 1884. 5. Robert Price 9 , born June 10, 1886, at Ossian. V. Addison Hugh 8 , born August 14, 1861, at Como ; married, September i, 1886, Isabella Jane, daughter of Eli Henry and Sarah Rebecca Smith, of Denison, Crawford County, Iowa, born December 22,1867 i resides Denver, Colorado ; in the employ of the Union Pacific Railway. CHILDREN. I. Warren Bayles 9 , born September u, 1887, died January 18, 1888. II. Mary Bradford 9 , born April 26, 1889. III. Lorette Belle 9 , born January 26, 1896. 84. LORENZO 7 (John*, David b , Asa*, Thomas' 3 , Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born December 7, 1819, at Reading, Vermont; enjoyed superior advantages for education until aged eigh- teen, when he entered a general-goods store at Springfield, Vermont, for two years, and afterwards served for four years as clerk to O. A. Bryant, at Woodstock, Vermont ; after this he, self-reliant, made a bold dash for the West, and in 1843 entered a store, as a partner, at St. Louis. In 1845 he re- moved to Como, Illinois, where he conducted mercantile business with marked success until 1854, and was there elected to several offices of profit and trust. In 1854 he removed to Sterling, Illinois, and engaged in the exchange and banking business until 1862. In 1858 Sterling was incorporated a city and he elected her first mayor, and reflected the year follow- ing. He married at Como, November 19, 1850, Eliza 310 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Frances, daughter of Stephen P. Breed, of Como, who re- moved later to North Weare, New Hampshire, where she died September 22, 1853; he married second, at Sterling, September 19, 1860, Anna McShane, daughter of Eliphalet B. Worthington, of Wilkesbarre, Pennsylvania, born February 15, 1835, died December 5, 1878. He died very suddenly, August, 1886. CHILDREN (by first wife). I. Edmund Lorenzo 8 , born August 12, 1851, at Como; died December 14, 1866, at Sterling. II. James Dow 8 , born April 15, 1853; died December 16, J853, at Weare, New Hampshire. 85. SALMON KIMBALL T (David 6 , David*, Asa 4 , Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach^}, born October 19, 1833; married, November 11, 1858, Minerva Jane Robinson, born November i, 1838, at Calais, Vermont. He was a carpenter and cooper, residing in Reading, Vermont, served as one of the Listers three years, was prominent in the Patrons of Husbandry, being for some years Secretary and afterwards Master of Reading Grange. Shortly after his marriage he went to reside with his mother at the family homestead, and after her death in the winter of 1874-5 he bought out the in- terest of the other heirs and remained on the farm until the summer of 1894, when he sold the homestead which had been in his family from the settlement of the town, and removed to Lebanon, New Hampshire, where he died December 28, 1897. CHILDREN. I. Maurice Engalls 8 , born October 20, 1859, at Reading ; married, December i, 1887, at Woodstock, Vermont, Josephine May Hubbard, and died May 20, 1892, at Lebanon. SEVENTH GENERATION. 311 II. Annella Julia 8 , born September 18, 1861, at Calais ; married, October 3, 1880, at Reading, Henry Dwight Sumner- resides in Lebanon. CHILDREN. 1. Mabel Alice 9 Sumner, born December 29, 1885, at Woodstock. 2. Edwin Hapgood 9 , born June 24, 1887, at Reading. 3. lone Carrie 9 , born May 14, 1890, at Woodstock. 4. Evelyn Josephine 9 , born March 7, 1892. 5. Myra Orsina 9 , born in Lebanon, October 17, 1896. III. Evie Alice 8 , born June 20, 1863 ; resides in Woodstock/ IV. Arthur Salmon 8 , born October 28, 1864, at Reading; mar- ried, December i, 1892, at Hartford, Vermont, Alice Roberts ; resides in Lebanon ; a boot and shoe dealer. CHILD. I. Christine Alice 9 , born May 12, 1894, at Lebanon. V. Burt Hiram 8 , born June 25, 1867; married, July 24, 1892, at Etna, New Hampshire, Carrie Lee Bridgman ; resides in Lebanon; a grocer. VI. Laura Jane 8 , born April 5, 1871; died May 20, 1871, at Reading. VII. Mary Jane 8 , born April 29, 1876, at Reading; married, June 24, 1896, at Lebanon, Horace A. Benson, of that place, a farmer. CHILD. 1. Priscilla 9 Benson, born April 17, 1897. VIII. Myra Louise 8 , born June 24, 1879; died June 26, 1896. 86. HARRISON 7 (Charles*, Asa 5 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas*, S/iadrac/i l ),born November 5, 1823 ; married, September 23, 1849, Helen Adaline, daughter of Nathan C. Kimball, born August 21, 1830; he married second, May 31, 1868, Christine C. Delano, of Churchville, New York, born June II, 1842, at Caneadea, New York. The descendants of 312 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Asa 5 are so meagrely represented, we cheerfully give space to the following letter: FORT SCOTT, KANSAS, June 26, 1895. W. HAPGOOD, ESQ. : DEAR SIR : I lived in Rushford and adjoining town until 1857 ; farming. That year I spent in Boston, Massachusetts, the next winter, 1857-8, I spent in Georgia for my health, having had a severe run of typhoid fever which left me so debilitated I could not endure cold weather. In the spring of 1858 I settled in Clinton, Iowa, where I farmed it two years, when I got restless and thought I would go " West." Myself and family crossed the plains in 1860 to Denver, with ox teams, being about two months on the road. I got a section of land seventeen miles from Denver and went into the live stock business, made some money, and if I had remained there would long ago have become wealthy, but my family got uneasy and wanted to go back to the " States " again, so I sold out in 1864 and went to Cattaraugus County, New York. Being out of business, and every one was rushing into oil speculation, I followed suit, and lost about all I had made. In the fall of 1868 I came to Fort Scott, settled down in the suburbs of the town, and carried on market gardening. Have lived twenty-five years in the same place, and the result of hard work and economy is, I find myself loaded down with unproductive real estate and high taxes. How it will termi- nate time will tell. Yours truly, H. HAPGOOD. CHILDREN. I. Addison Adelbert 8 , born May 21, 1851, by first wife, at Hume, New York; married, October n, 1872, at Randolph, New York, Grace A., daughter of Doctor Nelson Saun- ders, of Randolph, born June I, 1853 ; died April r, 1884 ; he married, second, April 15, 1885, at Randolph, Adele Davis, born November 3, 1847, daughter of Benjamin and Mary A. Davis ; resides in Jamestown, New York ; a travelling salesman. CHILDREN. I. Chester McCoy 9 , born September 9, 1873, at Ran- dolph ; married, July 4, 1892, at Lancaster, New SEVENTH GENERATION. - 313 York, Julia Maria, daughter of Peter and Mary Zimmerman, born July 17, 1873, at Dunnerville, Ontario, Canada ; resides in Buffalo, New York ; a cigar manufacturer. II. Karl Nelson 9 , born July 4, 1879, at Randolph; at present a student at Hackettstown, New Jersey. II. Mary Adeline", born March 30, 1853, at Hume ; married, Sep- tember 5, 1874, at Powhattan, Kansas, George William Schaffer, born February 19, 1846, in Philadelphia, Penn- sylvania, son of John Schaffer; resides in Wetmore, Kansas; a farmer. CHILDREN. 1. Grace Adeline 9 Schaffer, born August 22, 1879. 2. Ann Estelle 9 , born December 22, 1880. 3. Timothy Addison 9 , born December 2, 1882. 4. Jessie Louise 9 , born June 16, 1885. 5. Claude Harrison 9 , born September 21, 1887. 6. Violet Ella 9 , born July 21, 1889. III. Ella Louise 8 , born March n, 1855, at Rushford ; married, March n, 1879, Reverend John S. McGeary, a free Methodist preacher, son of William and Margaret McGeary, born February 13, 1853, at Texas, Pennsyl- vania; resides in Gerry, New York. CHILDREN. 1. Clara Rosina 9 McGeary, born December 22, 1879, at Limestone, Cattaraugus County, New York. 2. Herbert Kimball 9 , born January 7, 1880. 3. Frances E. Willard 9 , born November 4, 1887, at Oil City, Pennsylvania. IV. Charles Kit 8 , born September 17, 1860, at Denver, Colorado; married, December 23, 1883, Phenia E., daughter of Riley and Elizabeth D. (Watkins) Woodman, of Brown County, Kansas, born November 19, 1864; resides in Blue Rapids, Kansas ; farmer. CHILDREN. I. Glinn Adelbert 9 , born February 5, 1885. II. Jay Woodman 3 , born August 25, 1887 : died Decem- ber 21, 1888. III. Lena 9 , born February 14, 1891. IV. Hazel 9 , born March 21, 1894. 314 HAPGOOD FAMILY. V. Clara Alice 8 , born March n, 1864, at Rushford ; married, May 15, 1884, at Olean, New York, Frederick Willard, son of Stephen Scuyler andHannah Eliza (Clark) Fish ; resides in Olean, New York ; a mason and contractor. VI. Carrie 8 , born February 1 1, 1869, by second wife, at Fort Scott, Kansas ; resides with her parents ; a photographer ; un- married. 87. DEXTER MiLTON 7 (Charted, Asa 5 , Asa*, T/wmas 3 , Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born July 16, 1828; married, July 15, 1848, Julia Corse, of Norway, New York. The earliest settlers of New York, as well as the other States, were humble tillers of the soil, which was the principal industry and source of wealth. Dexter was one of these successful yeomen. He bought land in French Creek, New York, and settled there, manifesting good judgment in his selection. CHILDREN. I. Marion 8 , born January 13, 1849, at Rushford; married, April 7, 1868, at Clymer, Eli C Beecher, born in Clymer, May 25, 1842 ; she died April 2, 1897 ; he resides in Foxburg, Clarion County, Pennsylvania, where he is postmaster. CHILD. 1. Ethel Ruth 9 Beecher, born in Foxburg, April 4, 1882. II. George Irving 8 , born January 27, 1852 ; died January 15, 1892. III. Florrie Adelle 8 , born May 13, 1859; married, April 20, 1887, at French Creek, Amos B. Parker, born May 28, 1857 ; resides in Harmony (Sherman), New York. IV. Cellie 8 , born January 12, 1862; married, October 10, 1888, William S. Thompson, of Columbus, Pennsylvania, born November 9, 1862, and died at Clymer, March 2, 1891. V. Ethel Laura 8 , born July 29, 1863; married, August 26, 1885, Leland Schramling, born November 9, 1862, at Colum- bus ; resides at French Creek. CHILD. 1. Hazel Adelle 9 Schramling, born July 12, 1893. SEVENTH GENERATION. 315 VI. Frank 8 , born November 10, 1867; married. September 3, 1891, Bertha Schramling, born September 3, 1870, at Columbus, Pennsylvania ; resides at French Creek ; a farmer ; no children. 88. DANIEL SMILEY T {Joel Wilson*, Asa 5 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born December 15, 1832; married, January I, 1856, Clarissa Laura Johnson, born at Ellery, May 27, 1835, an d died June 17, 1892; resides in Ellery; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Cora May 8 , born August 21, 1858; married, February 23, 1 88 1, at Johnstown, New York, Anson Day Heath, born at Ellery, July 27, 1851 ; resides in Fluvanna. CHILDREN. 1. Orry Benjamin 9 Heath, born December 4, 1881, at Ellery. 2. Mary Ethel 9 , born April 30, 1883. 3. Ellis Munroe 9 , born February 19, 1886. II. Clarence Emerson 8 , born May 13, 1860; married, September 10, 1884, Louise May Offerly, born April 2, 1860, at Warren, Pennsylvania ; resides in Erie, Pennsylvania ; a travelling agent; she died April 8, 1896. CHILDREN. I. Clarence Henry 9 , born July 4, 1887, at Warren; resides with his father at Erie. 11. Cora May 9 , born April 22, 1892, at Warren. 89. CHARLES ELMORE ; (Joel Wilson* ; , Asa 5 , Asa 4 , Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 }, born February 15, 1840; married, Octo- ber 20, 1867, Mrs. Loranda Simmons Klock, born in Elicot, 316 HAPGOOD FAMILY. November 19, 1838; he died October 21, 1896; resided in Brocton, New York; a stone mason by trade. CHILDREN. I. Clifford Elmer 8 , born December 8, 1869, at Ellery ; resides in Brocton ; a farmer. II. Frank Joel 8 , born September 28, 1875, at Ellery; resides in Brocton ; a vineyardist. 9O. ALBERT 7 (Joel Wilson*, Asa 5 , Asa 4 , Thomas*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born April 23, 1847; married, June 21, 1869, at Panama, New York, Ella H. Baldwin, born at Ellery, Janu- ary 8, 1852 ; resides in Fentonville, New York; a farmer. CHILDREN. I. Claude Noyes 8 , born April 22, 1870; died March 5, 1871. II. Earl Wilson 8 , born January 9, 1872. III. Maud Sarah 8 , born January 7, 1874. IV. Leon Lewis 8 , born January 19, 1876. V. Minnie May 8 , born July 31, 1878. VI. Ethel Arline 8 , born September 15, 1884. VII. Flora Leah 8 , born January 23, 1888. 91. HERBERT LYMAN T (Lyman Wildei*, Artemas 6 , Asa*, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach^),\>orn February 5, 1850; mar- ried, February 25, 1875, Mary Josephine Proctor, born at Athol, November 27, 1852. CHILDREN. I. Lyman Proctor 8 , born June 18, 1876; a student in the Insti- tute of Technology, Boston. II. Edith Eliza 8 , born November 8, 1878; graduated from Athol High School, 1896. III. Ruth Olivia 8 , born August 10, 1880; died January 19, 1886. IV. Frederick Herbert 8 , born January 28, 1892. SEVENTH GENERATION. 317 92. CHARLES HUTCHINS T (Setk*, Hutchins b , Settf, Thomas\ Thomas 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born in Petersham, Massachusetts, March 6, 1836; married, May 4, 1867, Fannie Louise Col- lins Powers, born November I, 1846, in Geneva, New York. He was graduated from Brown University, 1857, and a year later from the Harvard Law School ; practised for a time in Chicago ; became interested in agricultural implements, and finally established a plow factory, was burned out, and he started another in St. Louis, where his plant was again destroyed by the devouring element, about 1872 or '73. He then moved to Alton, Illinois, and organized the Hap- good Plow Company, which is believed to be financially very successful under his skilful management. CHILDREN. I. Norman 8 , born March 28, 1868, at Alton; was fitted for col- lege, entered Harvard, where he was graduated 1890, and three years later from the Law School ; was in a law office in Chicago for a time, but finally drifted into jour- nalism ; employed on the " Chicago Post," and at present on the staff of the " New York Evening Post." Unmar- ried. He wields a vigorous pen, with fearless manner of expression, and has a brilliant future before him. We copy from the "Outlook" the following notice of the young author : " Mr. Norman Hapgood's ' Literary States- men and Others ' is well described by its sub-title, ' Essays on Men seen from a Distance.' Two qualities strike the reader of these articles almost at a glance intelligence and directness. Mr. Hapgood has evidently no aptitude for literary artifice or artificiality. He aims to get at the heart of his subject with a directness which is a high quality of literary integrity, and he brings a very open and intelligent mind to its study. His comment, his analysis, and his characterization are eminently intelli- gent, and therefore eminently sane. It is very refresh- ing to come upon a book which illustrates so well, wide sympathy with different temperaments and occupations, 318 HAPGOOD FAMILY. with poise of judgment and candor of opinion. It would not be easy, for instance, to find a clearer impression, within a brief compass, of two men so far apart as Lord Rosebery and Stendhal than that which Mr. Hapgood gives us. His essays deserve careful reading. The volume may well be laid aside in the rush of contem- porary books for leisurely acquaintance. It has also the advantage of being very artistically made." II. Hutchins 8 , born May 21, 1869; fitted for college, was gradu- ated from Harvard 1891, and finished his collegiate course in a university in Germany. III. William Powers 8 , born February 22, 1872 ; preferring mercan- tile business to a professional life, after leaving school he entered the store of Franklin MacVeigh & Co., Chicago. IV. Ruth 8 , born June 9, 1880; died March 29, 1890, at Alton. 93. EUGENE DELARIMORE T (John Weeks*, Oliver*, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born December 5, 1838, at Burlington, Illinois; married, September 4, 1869, at Sacra- mento, California, Elizabeth Broad, born at Ogden, Utah ; resides in Smartsville, California; a carpenter. CHILDREN. I. Eugenie 8 , born October 7, 1870, at Long Bar, Yuba County California; married, November 22, 1891, at Timbuctoo, California, William Eldorado Smith, born in Eldorado County, California, April 26, 1855 ; died at Timbuctoo July 30, 1892. His widow resides in. Smartsville ; a teacher. II. James Mortimer 8 , born March 28, 1872, at Long Bar; mar- ried, September 28, 1894, at Marysville, California, Fannie Elizabeth Marple, born March 28, 1862, at Tim- buctoo ; resides at Smartsville ; a carpenter. CHILDREN. I. James Lester 9 , born August 12, 1895, at Timbuctoo. II. Elizabeth May 9 , born January 14, 1897, at Smarts- ville. Julien TMeefcs Ibapgoofc, IClife anD 2>aucibter. SEVENTH GENERATION. 319 III. Josephine Isabell", born June 10, 1874, at Sicard Flat, Yuba County, California ; resides in Smartsville ; a teacher. IV. Sarah Theresa 8 , born September u, 1881, at Sicard Flat. V. Ann Elizabeth 8 , born August 9, 1865 (adopted) ; drowned 1882. 94. JULIEN WEEKS 7 ( John Weeks 6 , Olivet*, Seth*, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 *), born at Burlington, Illinois, December 26, 1844; married, December 20, 1868, Mary Catharine Kirk- patrick, born April 30, 1848, at Dayton, Wisconsin. Enlisted August 15, 1862, in Company G, iO5th Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, De Kalb County; was in battles Resaca, Cassville, New Hope Church, Georgia, Kennesaw Mountains, and Atlanta ; with Sherman on his memorable " march to the sea," his regiment being credited with thirteen general engagements and one hundred skirmishes, all of which he participated in, and was honorably discharged at Washington, June 7, 1865. On his return to Humansville, Missouri, where he resides, was appointed deputy sheriff, and he also runs a small fruit farm. CHILD. I. Laura Edith 8 , born September 26, 1869; married, January 6, 1892, at Kansas City, Daniel Summer McNeil, born December 21, 1868, at Osceola, Missouri; editor of the " Star Leader," Humansville. CHILDREN. 1. Zoe Eloie 9 McNeil, born December 7, 1892, at Omaha. 2. Daniel Hapgood 9 , born August 4, 1896. 95. COLONEL CHARLES EDWARD* (Joatf, Elijah*, Joab\ Thomas*, Thomas' 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born December n, 1830; 320 HAPGOOD FAMILY. married, October 18, 1854, Mary Elizabeth Miles, of Shrews- bury, born January 23, 1834, died at Brookline, Massachu- setts, September 2, 1879; and he married second, December 30, 1885, Hannah Louise Chapin, of Brookline, born Feb- ruary 27, 1860; resides in Brookline. He was educated in the public schools and graduated from the high school of his native town, learned the trade of gun-making with his father, went into mercantile busi- ness in Worcester, removed to Amherst, New Hampshire, where he continued till the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, when he disposed of the business, and on the I2th of October, 1861, was commissioned Captain of Company I, in the Fifth Regiment, New Hampshire Volunteers, and con- tinued with the regiment in all its duties until July 9, 1862, when he was given leave of absence on surgeon's certificate. He was now ordered on recruiting service in New Hampshire. After the battle of Fredericksburg, he was commissioned Lieutenant-colonel, and joined his regiment in February, 1863. On the 3d of July he was made Colonel of the Fifth, in place of Colonel Cross, killed in battle. He was with the regiment until June, 1864, when he was severely wounded at Petersburg. After partial recovery he was ordered to Philadelphia as President of the Board of Inspection of Mil- itary Hospitals in the State of Pennsylvania. He remained on this duty for two months, when he was mustered out of service. After the war Colonel Hapgood, March 5, 1865, went into the wool business, in Boston, pursuing it with energy till 1885, when he retired. His long experience in the army and the favorable impression he made upon the soldiers fitted him for the service, and he was appointed Superintend- ent of the " Veterans Rights Union Claim Agency," with COLONEL Firm NEW H AMI'SIIIKE VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. SEVENTH GENERATION. 321 office at No. 4 Pemberton square. He has deep sympathy for his comrades, and cheerfully does all in his power for their relief, or those dependent upon them. CHILD. I. Charles Louis 8 , born January 22, 1891. 96. HENRY ROLAND* (Nahum Roland?, Elijah, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born August 23, 1836; mar- ried, April 2, 1857, at Worcester, Martha Maria, daughter of Osgood and Martha (Buttrick) Collester, born April 27, 1839, at South Gardner; resides in Worcester; a pattern- maker. CHILDREN (all born in Worcester). I. Lloyd Henry 8 , born September 13, 1857; died October 28, 1859. II. Lottie Maria 8 , born September 30, 1859; married, December 13, 1887, at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, Edward, son of Alfred and Mary Sawyer, born July 13, 1863, in Central City, Colorado ; resides in Fitchburg. No children. III. Florence Buttrick 8 , born November 26, 1862; married, Janu- ary 3, 1880, William Adford, son of Horace and Mirandia Day, born July 6, 1860, at Webster, Massachusetts; re- sides in Worcester. IV. Warren Collester 8 , born August 9, 1864; married, at Fitch- burg, August 5, 1885, Susie Isadore, daughter of Charles and Harriet Litch, born September 8, 1864; resides in Worcester ; a machinist. CHILD. ^ I. Maud Estella 9 , born in Worcester, August 4, 1886. V. Walter Henry 8 , born November 28, 1865 ; died November 15, 1866. VI. Alice Eliza 8 , born November 20, 1867; married, October 15, 1888, at Worcester, Lewis Arlington Weeks, born March 4, 1861, at Eastford, Connecticut; resides in Parkville, Connecticut. 322 HAPGOOD FAMILY. VII. Fannie Martha 8 , born June 3, 1870; married, August 3, 1890, Henry Parkman, son of Calvin P. and Georgiana (Ham- ilton) Hinds, born Worcester, January 16, 1866; resides in Providence, Rhode Island. VIII. Ernest Osgood 8 , born December 22, 1873; died July 27, 1874. IX. Irving Roland 8 , born February 26, 1875; married, January 23, 1894, in Worcester, Emma, daughter of Andrew G. and Christina Levenson Thaliue, born in Stockholm, Sweden, June 27, 1876; resides in Worcester; a clerk. CHILD. I. Ernest Nahum 9 , born in Worcester, March 29, 1895. X. Henry Roland, Jr. 8 , born February 5, 1875 ; died July 5, 1875. XI. Carl 8 , born February 30, 1879; died October 10, 1880. XII. Clarence Nahum 8 , born October 16, 1881. 97. HORACE ABBOTT 7 (Ephraim Augustin 6 , Elijah*, Joatf, Thomas*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ) , born August 9, 1 846 ; mar- ried, January i, 1868, Alice Amelia, daughter of Nelson and Mary (Paine) Williams, born August I, 1848, at Uxbridge, Massachusetts. She died April I, 1872, and he married second, at Whitinsville, Massachusetts, April 13, 1874, Har- riet Freelove Leach, born at East Douglass, Massachusetts, September 11, 1844. She died March 6, 1879, and he married third, June I, 1880, Mary Jane, daughter of Stephen and Sarah Aldrich Williams, born September I, 1856. He settled in Uxbridge ; a farmer. CHILDREN (all by third marriage) . I. Helen 8 , born March 20, 1881, in Uxbridge. II. Arthur Williams 8 , born May 13, 1883, in Whitinsville. III. Rachael Mildred 8 , born June 6, 1888, at Uxbridge. SEVENTH GENERATION. 323 98. FRANCIS CALVIN 7 (Gilbert?, Francis?, Jonathan*, John*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ) , born January 17, 1852, at Lamotte, Jackson County, Iowa ; removed with his parents to Banks- ton, Dubuque County, Iowa. At the age of five years his father died, and he remained with his mother on the farm, excepting a short period, until he became of age. While a boy he improved his time by going to the district school and attending Sunday school at the Congregational church on the Sabbath, generally capturing the prizes offered for good scholarship ; during vacation working on the farm, which occupied considerable of his time, as there were but seven months of school throughout the year. He continued school this way up to fourteen years of age, when he entered Epworth Seminary at Epworth, Dubuque County, Iowa, attending this institution long enough to get a fair education. He then returned to the farm, and continued to work the old homestead until he attained his majority. Thinking that a course in a business training school essen- tial to success in life, he resolved to attend such a one, and accordingly made arrangements with the Davenport Com- mercial College, situated at Davenport, Iowa, for a complete course. After obtaining his diploma at this school he took the first work offered him, and commenced teaching school. June 6, 1878, he was married to Annie Isabel Squiers, of Epworth, Iowa, born July 5, 1854, at Hartford, Connecticut. Soon after he settled on a farm in Fayette County, Iowa. Having a particular liking for dealing in real estate, it was not long before he sold this place, or rather traded for another, and removed to Farley, Iowa. Since then he pur- chased lands in Minnesota, Iowa, and Dakota. His success, 324 HAPGOOD FAMILY. with the exception of a few minor affairs, has been remuner- ative, from a financial standpoint. He now resides in Grand Meadow Township, Cherokee County, Iowa, on a farm of one hundred and sixty acres, which has been his home for about six years. He always considered Iowa good enough to live in, and consequently remained within her borders. In political matters he votes for the party which makes temperance principles its leading issue ; uses no intoxicating beverages or tobacco, and discourages their use in every possible way ; also has never indulged in gambling schemes, or invested in boards of trade. He is not connected with any church denomination, but belongs to one secret society, viz. : Inde- pendent Order of Odd Fellows. CHILDREN. I. Edsel Roy 8 , born August 14, 1879, a * Brush Creek, Fayette County, Iowa ; resides with his parents at Grand Meadow. II. Hattie Ella 8 , born December 17, 1887, at Farley. 99. GILBERT WARREN 7 (Jonathan*, Francif, Jonathan*, John*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 }, born August 17, 1845, at Paxton ; resided in Worcester till 1876, when he removed to Tama, Iowa, where he became a dealer in horses and cattle. His next experience was in the service of the Chicago, Mil- waukee, & St. Paul Railroad, up to 1882. Desirous of seeing more of his native land, he travelled extensively, and finally settled in that thriving young city, Seattle, Washing- ton, where he is doing a large real estate business. He married, March 7, 1871, at Boston, Emily Tamzin, daughter of George and Sarepta (Moore) Cutting, born December 20, 1845, at Berlin, Massachusetts. SEVENTH GENERATION. 325 CHILDREN. 1. Florence Luella 8 , born August 27, 1872; died May 13, 1875. 2. Edith Emily 8 , born July 27, 1874; a student in the State University at Seattle. 3. Grace Evelyn 8 , born February 6, 1876; also educated in the State University at Seattle; married, August 21, 1897, Thomas J. Norman. 1OO. CHRISTOPHER BANISTER* (Ira 6 , Thomas*, Thomas*, Jo- sepJP, Thomas 1 , Shadrack 1 ), born January 31, 1830; married, September 26, 1855, at South Reading, Massachusetts, Edna Wilkinson, born September 14, 1837, at Goshen, Connecticut; removed, 1863, to Hudson, Massachusetts, where he has since resided. CHILDREN. I. Orton Christopher 8 , born July 28, 1856; resides in South Reading; unmarried. II. Frank Chester 8 , born July 9, 1858 ; married, July 8, 1880, Ida Ann Millay, born in Lynn, Massachusetts, July 27, 1858. CHILDREN. I. Elnoza Gertrude 9 , born December 4, 1882; died De- cember 27, 1889. II. Bertha Lillian 9 , born January 23, 1885. III. Irene Beatrice 9 , born June 25, 1888. III. George Ira 8 , born August I, 1860; died May 12, 1861. IV. Alice Gertrude 8 , born December 24, 1862 ; married, September 10, 1881, Edward Charoux, of Canada, born May 23, 1861, and died December 31, 1894. V. Clifford Elmer 8 , born February 27, 1865 ; died July 13, 1891. VI. Jessie May 5 , born August 16, 1868; married June 29, 1888, Francis Milton Mace, born July 9, 1858, at Boston; re- sides in Bolton. CHILD. 1. Myrtle Edna 9 Mace, born at Hudson. VII. Charles Clarence 8 , born July 13, 1873; died August 9, 1873. VIII. Bert Ellsworth 8 , born December u, 1874. IX. Bertha Alma 8 , born July 27, 1880; died October 13, 1880. 326 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 101. L.EVI 7 (7r<2 6 , Thomas', Thomas*, Joseph*, Thomas 1 , Shad- rac&^born Aug. 16, 1834; married, at Marlboro, August n, 1856, Rebecca Haddock, born at Haverhill, Massachu- setts, January I, 1835, an d thither he removed in 1854, estab- lished himself in the shoe manufacturing business, and being an intelligent and industrious man, his forty years of busi- ness life have resulted in prosperity and a good reputation for integrity. CHILDREN. I. Inez Elzorn 8 , born June 4, 1857; married, April 29, 1891, Warren Emerson, of Salem, New Hampshire, born De- cember 27, 1853. No children. II. Lilla Marion 8 , born August 4, 1860; married, September 9, 1896, Joseph Adams, son of Reverend William Henry and Elizabeth (Adams) Dalrymple, born April 26, 1858, at Hudson, New Hampshire. No children. III. Florence 8 , born August 4, 1860, twin with Lilla; died Sep- tember 4, 1860. IV. Gracie Florence 8 , born September 23, 1864; died June 8, 1868. V. Ernest Wilfred 8 , born May 28, 1868 ; resides in Haverhill ; un- married. VI. Eddie Alwin 8 , born August 6, 1871 ; died April i, 1875. 102. THOMAS DANA 7 (Ira 6 , Thomas*, Thomas^, Joseph*, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born April 7, 1839, at Bolton ; married, Septem- ber 28, 1 86 1, at Chateaugay, New York, Martha Candace Asletine, born January 14, 1838, at Bangor, New York. CHILDREN. I. Fred Warren 8 , born February 7, 1863, at Haverhill; married, December 19, 1888, Anna Mabel, daughter of Willard Houghton, born June 28, 1870, at Hudson. SEVENTH GENERATION. 327 CHILD. I. Stanley Allen 9 , born August 17, 1892, at Hudson. II. Stella Marion 8 , born September 6, 1877, at Hudson. 103. LEWIS IRA 7 (Ira 6 , Thomas', Thomas*, Joseph*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born October 19, 1844, at Marlboro, Massachu- setts; married, August 22, 1865, Mary Green, daughter of Samuel H. Wheeler, of Berlin, Massachusetts, born May 25, 1847- CHILDREN. I. Leslie Albert 8 , born May 25, 1868, at Hudson. II. Warren Elbert 8 , born July 2, 1870; married, June 12, 1896, Florence Gertrude' Stone, born July n, 1870. III. Lucy Bigelow 8 , born September 24, 1883, at Marlboro. 1O4. BEN ANDREW 7 (Thomas Emerson*, Thomas*, Thomas*, Joseph*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born June 12, 1860, at Marl- boro, which had been the family home for nearly two cen- turies. In 1862 his parents removed to Providence, Rhode Island, and in 1865 to Sing Sing, New York. His education was obtained in the public schools except one year at a pri- vate institution. When seventeen years old he entered the employ of the Bay State Shoe and Leather Company, managed by his father, where he continued until 1895, g m g in June of that year to Oswego, New York, taking a position with the Swits Conde Company. On August 21, 1888, he was married to Emma Elizabeth Layley, of New York, a young lady of charming traits of character. For ten years he was a member of the Sing Sing Steamer Company No. I, a fine volunteer fire and social organization, and for one year 328 HAPGOOD FAMILY. its foreman. He was a constant attendant at the First Bap- tist Church, and was for many years a member of its choir. On leaving Sing Sing he received many complimentary expressions of friendship and regret, together with a hand- some testimonial from his employers. CHILDREN. I. Marie Josephine 8 , born August 21, 1889, at Sing Sing. II. Nancy Sophia 8 , born July 9, 1893, at Sing Sing. III. Thomas Layley 8 , born November i, 1896, at Oswego. 105. EDWARD THOMAS 7 ( Thomas Emerson*, Thomas*, Thomas^, Joseph*, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born December 8, 1866, at Sing Sing, New York. At the age of fourteen entered Brier Cliff Military Academy at Sing Sing, and remained five years. At age of nineteen entered the Art School of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, in the course of architecture, under the instruction of Arthur Lyman Tuckerman ; remained there until the spring of 1886, leaving to enter the office of George Martin Huss, architect, New York, as a student in architect- ure ; followed a course of study under his direction for three years. In the spring of 1889 opened an office as architect at 1285 Broadway, remaining there four years, practising mostly in suburbs around New York, particularly in New Jersey and West Chester County, where he designed and built many artistic aad very beautiful residences. On October 5, 1892, he was married to Elizabeth M., daughter of G. Frederick Smith, of Hartford, Connecticut, and May I, 1893, became a resident of that city, and a partner in the firm of Cook, Hapgood, & Co., architects and SEVENTH GENERATION. 329 builders. The firm name remained the same till July i, 1893, when C. C. Cook retired and the firm name was changed to Hapgood & Hapgood. CHILDREN. I. Thomas Emerson 8 , born June 26, 1893, at Hartford. II. Elizabeth Hill 8 , born November 15, 1897. 1O6. LUKE BARNARD 7 {Joseph Jackson*, Josiah*, Joseph*, Joseph?, Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born June 21, 1841 ; married, September 6, 1864, Ellen Sarah, daughter of Horace Oscar and Lucy P. Davis, of Peru, Vermont, born August 22, 1843. He was in business with his father in Peru up to 1870, when he removed to Boston and went into wholesale shoe business with his brother Charles ; was burned out by the great fire, November 10, 1872; removed to Easton, Pennsylvania. CHILDREN. I. Alice Francis 8 , born September 26, 1866, at Peru; married, February 3, 1894, Edson Smith Mapes, of Goshen, Orange County, New York ; resides at Blue Ridge, New Jersey ; in the employ of the American Tobacco Company, New York City. II. George Davis 8 , born May 19, 1872, at Cambridge, Massa- chusetts ; graduated from La Fayette College, Class of '93 ; resides in Brooklyn, New York; tutor in the Latin School. 107. CHARLES MANNING* (Joseph Jackson 6 , Josiatf, Joseph^ Joseph?, Thomas 1 , Shadrac/?}, born March 3, 1845. Married first, January I, 1868, Olive Caroline Emery, and second, Margaret Emma Rockwell, of Boston. On the breaking out of the war of Rebellion, at his country's call he 330 HAPGOOD FAMILY. enlisted, October 31, 1861, in Company A, Second Regi- ment Vermont Volunteers, received a severe scalp wound May 12, 1864, at battle of Spottsylvania Court House; was in hospital; came home August i, 1864, on a month's furlough ; returned to duty and performed hospital service till October 31, 1864, when he was honorably discharged. Went into shoe business with his brother Luke in Bos- ton; after the great fire in 1872 he removed to Easton, Pennsylvania, doing an extensive shoe manufacturing busi- ness under firm name of C. M. Hapgood Shoe Company, making their own sales and frequently visiting Boston shoe houses to replenish stock and improve styles. His second wife died July 7, 1896. CHILDREN. I. Herbert Jackson 8 , born July 5, 1870 (by first wife), at Rox- bury, Massachusetts ; fitted for college at Hampton, New Hampshire ; entered Dartmouth, Class of '96 ; an indus- trious student, receiving a book prize for scholarship ; taught school in Peru, 1890-91 ; manager of the ^Egis, 1894; elected member of Phi Beta Kappa, June 23, 1896. After graduating he removed to Easton and was with his father in the C. M. Hapgood Shoe Company ; is a teacher. II. Helen Emery 8 , born August 3, 1873; resides with her mother in Dorchester, Massachusetts ; a teacher ; unmarried. 108. MARSHALL JAY T (Joseph Jackson*, Josiatf, Joseph*, Josep$ \ Thomas*, Shadrach 1 ), born January 13, 1850, at Peru; married, May 25, 1874, Flora Edith, daughter of George and Elmira (Reed) Huggins, of Dorset, Vermont, born, 1855. He fitted for college at Burr and Burton's Seminary, was graduated from Williams College, studied law at Harvard Law School, admitted to the bar, but finally went SEVENTH GENERATION. 331 into business with his father in Peru under firm name of J. J. Hapgood & Co., engaged in lumber business, bought large tracts of timber land, erected steam saw-mills on the moun- tains, did an extensive business, became much interested in the welfare of the town, especially in education, and for many years was superintendent of public schools. CHILDREN. I. Delia Edith 8 , born June 29, 1875, at Peru; a student at Middlebury, and later entered Mt. Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts. II. Susie Lorraine 8 , born March 16, 1877; a student at Middle- bury College, but later entered Mt. Holyoke College. 1O9. LUTHER SAWYER 7 {Luther Maynard*, Joseph*, Joseph*, Joseph* ', Thomas' 2 , Shadrach 1 ), born July 26, 1836; married, July 4, 1862, Anna Maria Colvin, of Fitchburg; resides in Boylston, Massachusetts ; an industrious and thrifty farmer. On the breaking out of the war he enlisted in Company A, Fifteenth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers, 1861 ; taken prisoner at battle of Ball's Bluff, October 21, 1861 ; served a term of torture and barbarity at Libby Prison, exchanged 1862, discharged for disability caused by ill-treatment at Libby, and returned home. Again with patriotic zeal, 1864, enlisted in Massachusetts Fourth Heavy Artillery, and served to the end of the war, when he was honorably discharged. CHILDREN. I. Cora Jeanette 8 , born November 27, 1863, at Leominster; married Alfred B. McPherson. No children. II. Alice Anna 8 , born March 2, 1865, at Oakdale ; married, January 19, 1884, at Providence, Rhode Island, George W. Grout, of Spencer, Massachusetts. 332 HAPGOOD FAMILY. CHILDREN. 1. Maud Hapgood 9 Grout, born June 8, 1890. 2. Cora Ida, born May 24, 1892, at Boylston. 3. Beatrice Estelle 9 , born July 8, 1894, at Sterling. III. Ida Charlotte 8 , born November 25,. 1867; died December 25, 1868. IV. Freddie Benora 8 , born June 8, 1873, at Sterling; died Feb- ruary 12, 1875. HO. MELVIN HATHAWAY 7 (John Oilman*, Joseph*, Joseph'', Joseph, Thomas 1 , Shadrach 1 ), born February 11, 1859; obtained the earlier part of his education at the Prescott Grammar and Charlestown High Schools. He had early evinced a fondness for drawing, particularly in architectural lines, and this being encouraged by his parents, soon led him to make a life study of architecture. During his last three years at the high school, he studied afternoons and evenings at the Massachusetts Normal Art School and at the Lowell Institute Drawing School, besides attending the course of scientific lectures at the Lowell Institute. In 1877, after graduating at the high school, he entered the architectural office of William Gibbons Preston as a student, working evenings at the Massachusetts Normal Art School, the Appleton-street Evening Drawing School, and taking architectural lectures at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He also taught drawing at the Bird School in South Boston. He had for several years been studying the characteristics of European architecture, and in 1880 gratified his desire for a trip abroad. On returning from Europe he reentered Mr. Preston's office, remaining there till March, 1882, when he was employed by John C. Mead, a prominent builder of Hartford, Connecticut, as his ?' /I SEVENTH GENERATION. 333 architectural designer. After three years' experience with Mr. Mead he started in business for himself, as architect, at 234 Asylum street, Hartford. On January I, 1890, Mr. Mead having died, leaving his business to his former superintendent, Charles C. Cook, the partnership of Cook, Hapgood & Co., architects and builders, was formed, the place being Mr. Mead's former establishment, at 141 Trum- bull street, where Mr. Hapgood has since remained. In May, 1893, Edward Thomas Hapgood was admitted to the firm, and on July I, 1893, Mr. Cook withdrew, leaving the two cousins, under the firm name of Hapgood & Hapgood, architects. Up to this time about three hundred buildings, public and private, ranging in location from Maine to Colo- rado, had been designed by the two partners. On the last day of 1890 Mr. Hapgood was married, at St. John's Church in Hartford, to Mary Morgan, second daugh- ter of James Allwood Smith, of the firm of Smith, Northam, & Co. Among Mrs. Hapgood's ancestors are Thomas Hooker, the founder of Hartford ; Miles Morgan, one of the founders of Springfield, Massachusetts ; and John and Pris- cilla Alden. Resides in Hartford. CHILDREN. I. Ruth Morgan 8 , born November 6, 1891. II. Dorothy Alden 8 , born October 31, 1892. III. Alice Hathaway 8 , born November 5, 1893. IV. Miles Morgan 8 , born December 29, 1895. V. Normand Webster 8 , born February 7, 1898. 111. CHARLES WARREN ; (Lewis*, Jonathan', Joseph*, Joseph*, Thomas 1 , Skadrach 1 ), born September 23, 1841 ; after his 334 HAPGOOD FAMILY. death the following notice and obituary appeared in a local paper : " Charles W. Hapgood, who was stricken with paralysis Monday morning, died at 8.10 o'clock Wednesday night, September n, 1895. 'At fifteen years of age he went to Hudson and worked in the grocery store of his uncle, Silas Hapgood. After that he worked in Stow's shop, at Hudson, until his removal to Marlboro, in 1868. July 28, 1868, he married Miss Malvina A. Gleason, a daughter of William Gleason, now deceased. After his marriage he came to Marlboro, and worked for a time in the grocery store of E. J. Childs and L. A. Cunningham, which used to be in the Franklin block. Afterwards he worked in several shops in this city and Hudson, first as an operative on a pegging machine, and later on a McKay sewer. " He was a member of Doric Lodge, F. and A.M., Hud- son, and a prominent member and earnest worker in the Cen- tral Labor Union, being secretary of that organization for some time. " He leaves a wife and four children to mourn the loss of a kind husband and father, who for twenty-seven years of mar- ried life was away from home but two nights. As a neigh- bor he was always obliging and willing to do all in his power for friends in sickness or trouble." CHILDREN. I. Herbert Warren 8 , born October 27, 1870. II. Charles Lewis 8 , born July 2, 1872; clerk. III. Ethel Gleason 8 , born October 30, 1873. IV. Roy Francis 8 , born April 12, 1877. George APPENDIX. OTHER HAPGOOD FAMILIES whose identity with the de- scendants of Shadrach has not been fully established, some of whom are presumably of the same race or near akin, either in this country or in England. THE OHIO FAMILY is the most numerous, and they have first place. About the year 1817 there appeared in Warren, Ohio, a young man by name of George Negus Hapgood, a printer, who learned his trade in Brattleboro, Vermont, but being by nature reserved and silent he never talked of his boyhood days, his parents, or place of nativity. He was an enterprising young man of excellent habits, found employment in the office of the " Western Reserve Chronicle," a weekly paper published in that flourishing town, and by industry and economy in a few years saved up money enough to buy a half interest in the paper, and later on became sole proprietor and pub- lisher of that popular journal. Under his skilful management the paper prospered and had a wide circulation. In 1841 he was appointed by President Harrison postmaster of Warren, and later on received the appointment of auditor of Trum- bull County, Ohio. In 1847 ne bought ninety acres of land some two miles out from Warren, on what was called the river road, and converted it into a nursery farm. In 1853, having been in journal- istic harness for nearly thirty years and desiring to be released from its arduous and responsible duties, he sold his interest in the " Chronicle " to his son George and his nephew, Comfort Adams, under firm name of Hapgood & Adams, and removed to the fruit farm, where he lived and labored and enjoyed his well-earned repu- tation as an honorable, upright man of marked ability, up to the time of his death, September 2, 1861. On the 6th of April, 1820, at Girard, Ohio, he married Adaline Adams, born February 24, 1799, in Canterbury, Connecticut, and died in Warren, Ohio, October 26, 1871. 335 336 HAPGOOD FAMILY. SECOND GENERATION. CHILDREN. I. Adaline Adams 2 , born January 18, 1821, at Warren; married, March 17, 1841, Mathew Banning Tayler, born at Youngstown, Ohio, March 17, 1815 ; died November 25, 1880. She died May 22, 1885. CHILDREN. 1. Emily L. 3 Tayler, born January 22, 1842, at Warren ; married, November 7, 1866, John Wesley Excell ; resides in Cleveland, Ohio. 2. Gertrude 3 , born September 25, 1843; married, July 25, 1877, Benj. J. Tayler of Warren. 3. Helen A. 3 , born June 4, 1845; married, June, 1872, Samuel H. McCurdy of Warren. 4. George Hapgood 3 , born May 5, 1847; married, Feb- ruary 23, 1888, Roxana Wilcox of St. Louis, Missouri ; resides in Warren ; Superintendent of Gas Company. 5. Adaline Hapgood 3 , born May 29, 1849; married, May 13, 1872, Martin Hecklinger; resides in Warren. 6. Maria L. 3 , born October 10, 1851 ; married, June 10, 1879, William P. Lamphier. 7. Charlotte J. 3 , born March 30, 1854; married, March 17, 1886, Clayton E. Strong. 8. Florence 3 , born April 15, 1856; married, May 18, 1 88 1, Jacob H. Ewalt. 9. Lucy B. 3 , born April 30, 1858; married, January 31, 1893, Clarence Page. 10. Olivia S. 3 , born December 23, 1859 5 married, Decem- ber 27, 1886, John J. Sullivan. 11. Mathew B. 3 , born September 17, 1862; married, September 23, 1891, Mary E. Shields ; bookkeeper, First National Bank, Warren. II. George Adams 2 , born March 21, 1822; died August 12, 1823. III. Olivia 2 , born January 21, 1824; died March n, 1832. 1 IV. George Negus 2 , born November 24, 1825; married, Decem- ber 24, 1846, Rebecca Dixon of Columbianna County, Ohio. V. Sarah H. 2 , born December 22, 1827 ; married, December 26, 1848, George Van Gorder of Warren, born May 8, 1827, son of James and Elizabeth Van Gorder. APPENDIX. 337 * CHILDREN. 1. Ella* Van Gorder, born November r, 1850; married, October, 1878, at Warren, Albert Soden of Pitts- burg, Pennsylvania. 2. Albert H. 3 , born August i, 1852, married, June u, 1894, Nancy Boyce of Willoughby, Ohio; resides in Cleveland ; a druggist. 3. Mathew 3 , born December 6, 1856; died February 12, 1859. 4. Robert S. 1 , born January 10, 1860; resides in Port- land, Oregon. 5. Emerson O. 3 , born April 10, 1868; resides in Cleve- land ; a druggist. VI. Charles 2 , born May 22, 1830, at Warren; went to California in 1856; was in the mining business and at one time proprietor of a profitable silver mine. He was appointed, by President Arthur, postmaster of Marysville, Cali- fornia, in 1883, which office he held up to 1894; married, October n, 1860, Emma Wilson, born in Marysville, January 6, 1836; no children. '2 VII. William 2 , born August 20, 1832 ; married, October 9, 1855, at Ashtabula, Ohio, Frances Amelia Ford. 3 VIII. Henry King 2 , born October 22, 1834; married, June 18, 1862, Sarah H. Douglass. IX. Lucy 2 , born July 26, 1837 ; died August, 1837. X. Laura Fitch 2 , born July 26, 1837, twin sister with Lucy; married, June 5, 1860, Paul Cooley Ford of Ashta- bula, born. January 19, 1836, son of George and Mary Ford. CHILDREN. 1. Lucy 3 Ford, born April 10, 1861 ; died March 31, 1862. 2. Paul Cooley 3 , born June 27, 1863, in Ashtabula. 3. Ella Van Gorder 3 , born February 22, 1865-; a teacher in Ashtabula. 4. George Hapgood 3 , born December 10, 1867; a plumber in Ashtabula. 5. Laura Adelaide 3 , born March 15, 1873; resides with her parents in Ashtabula. G. William 3 , born August 20, 1878 ; died June 5, 1888. XI. Lucy Adams*, born September 27, 1840; married, August 13, 338 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1863, Samuel Raymond Brown, born January 26, 1837. He died August 24, 1887, and she September 4, 1888. CHILD. 1. Albert Hapgood 3 Brown, born at Warren, Ohio, October 12, 1869; died March 17, 1875. 1. GEORGE NEGUS* {George Negus 1 }, born November 24, 1825, in Warren, where he was educated under the special care of his parents ; married, December 24, 1846, Rebecca Dixon, of Columbianna County, Ohio, born June, 1819. He succeeded his father as editor and publisher of the " Chroni- cle," associating with himself in its management his cousin, Comfort Adams, under firm name of Hapgood & Adams, and by skill in journalism sustained the reputation so well earned by his father. When the war of Rebellion came on he enlisted, on the call for ninety-days men, in Company A, One Hundred and Seventy-first Reg- iment Ohio Volunteers, infantry, was in the battle of Keller's Bridge, Kentucky. Served out his term, returned to Warren, and continued his labors on the " Chronicle " up to the time of his death. The name of the publishing firm had been changed to Hapgood & Ritezel, and after his death Mr. Ritezel purchased his interest, and assumed the responsibility of the publication in company with his son, and the paper passed out of the Hapgood family. He died, beloved and mourned by his many friends, August 18, 1865. His widow died June 13, 1884. CHILDREN. I. Olivia 3 , born October 12, 1847, at Salem, Ohio; unmarried. II. Frances*, born April 26, 1850, at Warren; married, May 14, 1874, George S. Schryber, of Cleveland, Ohio, where he resides. III. William Kersey 8 , born June 14, 1852, in Warren; married, November 28, 1877, Stella Seymour, daughter of N. P. and Mary (Comstock) Bailey, born at Painesville, Ohio, December 19, 1856; resides, a clerk, in New York City. TOlHtfam APPENDIX. 339 CHILD. I. Eugene Palmer 4 , born June 29, 1880, at Warren; a student in University of Columbus, Ohio, 1897. IV. Mary Stiles 3 , born June 27, 1860; died December 18, 1874, at Cleveland. 2. WILLIAM 2 {George Negus 1 }, born August 20, 1832, at Warren, Ohio, and educated there ; married, October 9, 1855, at Ashtabula, Ohio, Frances Amelia, daughter of George and Mary (Cooley) Ford of Batavia, born May 23, 1834. In 1848 he was employed by E. E. Hoyt & Co., extensive dealers in drugs and dry goods. In 1853 he removed to Iowa City, and was employed by Jesse W. Holt in the dry goods business, and he also bought and sold govern- ment land on his own and others' account. In 1855 he went into the dry goods business for himself in Terre Haute, Illinois, where he was appointed postmaster in 1861, and was quite successful. After the death of his father he returned to his native town (1863) and bought the nursery farm of the heirs, but finding his health not equal to the duties required, he sold out and removed to town. In 1866 he bought a third interest in the drug store of Hoyt & Strat- ton, the firm name being changed to Hoyt, Stratton, & Hapgood. He was also a partner with his brother-in-law, S. R. Brown, in a large dry goods house, and remained so up to the time of Mr. Brown's death, August 24, 1887, when the business terminated. In 1 869 he with Mr. Stratton started a new dry goods store under the firm name of Hapgood & Stratton. About 1874 he sold his in- terest to Stratton, and went into the drug business in Warren, which he prosecuted with energy, and it is still in his possession. On the twenty-fifth of February, 1888, he was having a house built, and the men in the sewer ditch not having given a proper pitch for drainage, he went down the ladder to show them their error, level in hand, when the bank caved in, burying him and another man in earth. The other man was killed, while William was dug out barely alive, with his spine injured so that he never recovered, and is a great sufferer. About four years ago he had to surrender the care of his business to his son and daughter, and has since been confined to his house, 340 HAPGOOD FAMILY. and much of the time to his bed. His physician gives no encourage- ment of his recovery. He was appointed by President Arthur, in 1883, postmaster of Warren, has been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church from boyhood, steward of the church up to within about two years of the present time, a successful merchant, having the confidence, respect, and sympathy of all who know him. CHILDREN. 4 I. George William 3 , born September 25, 1856, at Terre Haute; married, May 20, 1880, Mary Amelia Cracroft. 5 II. Henry Ford 3 , born July 24, 1858, in Terre Haute; married, October 12, 1887, Nettie Hunt. III. Adaline Adams 3 , born June 21, 1863, in Terre Haute; resides in Warren, and in conjunction with her brother George nobly attending to her father's business during his trying illness ; unmarried. 6 IV. Alfred Adams 3 , born December 20, 1865, in Warren; mar- ried, March 25, 1888, Ella Frost. V. Frances Mary 3 , born November n, 1868; married, May 5, 1891, at Warren, Frank Robert, son of Robert and Har- riet McBerty of Sharon, Pennsylvania, born February 14, 1868 ; resides in Chicago, Illinois, where he is in employ of Western Electric Company. VI. Thomas Ford 3 , born August 1 1, 1872 ; died February 28, 1874. VII. Laura Sarah 3 , born November 13, 1878, in Warren, where she resides ; a student. 3. HENRY KiNG 2 (George Negus 1 }, born October 22, 1834, in War- ren; married, June 18, 1862, Sarah H., daughter of Thomas and Sarah Douglass, of Braceville, Ohio, born January 26, 1840. He learned the jewelry business, but was too feeble to pursue it. In 1869 he went to Humboldt, Kansas, and bought a farm, but was not able to work it. In 1874 he returned to Warren, where he died December i5th of that year, an honorable, energetic man, and looked more like his father than either of the other boys. CHILDREN. I. Charles Douglass 3 , born June 17, 1863, in Warren ; married, January 20, 1886, Carrie Bushstiner, born January 5, 1862 ; resides in Warren ; a printer. APPENDIX. 341 CHILDREN. I. Lucy Fredreka 4 , born December 29, 1886. II. John Charles 4 , born May 4, 1891. II. Lucy Adele", born August n, 1867 ; died May 31, 1895. III. Clarence Henry 8 , born July 23, 1869. IV. Fred Estabrook 3 , born August 31, 1871; died October 31, 1873- THIRD GENERATION. 4. GEORGE WiLLiAM 3 ( William 2 , George Negus 1 ), born September 25, 1856, at Terre Haute, Illinois; married, May 20, 1880, at Hiawatha, Kansas, Mary Amelia, daughter of Joseph and Lucretia Cracroft of Richland County, Ohio, born May 18, 1857; resides Warren, Ohio ; a druggist and civil engineer ; he and his sister Adaline are in charge of their father's drug business during his illness. CHILDREN (all born in Hiawatha). I. Frances Lucretia 4 *, born March 8, 1881 ; resides in Warren ; a student. II. Ruth Adaline 4 , born March 31, 1882. III. William 4 , born November 25, 1884. IV. Joseph Cracroft 4 , born January 9, 1891. V. Mary Amelia 4 , born December 7, 1892. 5. HENRY FoRD 3 (William-, George Negus 1 ), born July 24, 1858, at Terre Haute, Illinois; married, October 12, 1887, at Kansas City, Missouri, Nettie Hunt ; resides in Salt Lake City, Utah ; a cattle dealer. CHILDREN. I. Richard 4 , born October 7, 1888, at Salt Lake City. II. Florence 4 , born August 31, 1890. III. Wayne 4 , born April 20, 1892, at Eldorado. IV. Mildred 4 , born September 3, 1893, at Salt Lake City. 342 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 6. ALFRED ADAMS ?J (William?, George Negus 1 }, born December 20, 1865, at Warren, Ohio; married, March 25, 1888, at Daken, Ne- braska, Ella Frost ; resides in Carbon, Wyoming ; a railroad man. CHILDREN. I. Frank Alfred 4 , born January 2, 1889, at Fairmount, Nebraska. II. Harold Frost*, born October 7, 1894, at Carbon. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HAPGOOD OF SOMERSET- SHIRE, ENGLAND, WHO SETTLED IN AMERICA. We append a brief and very imperfect record of a family, some of whom came to this country about thirty-four or five years ago. The family had resided in Marksbury, Somersetshire, England. A portion of them removed to or near Swansea, Glamorganshire, South Wales ; some of them being born in Morriston. Later on they emigrated to this country and settled in Clay County, Kansas. Some of the ancestors lived near London, and in Southampton, not so very far from Andover, or Weyhill, whence came Shadrach, our ancestor; and we cannot help thinking that not so Very long ago they belonged to one family, or were of the same stock. The Christian names of the two families are almost identical. These names were transmitted to this country, and the Lindsborg branch names are so similar to those of the descendants of Shadrach that one would hardly suspect the two families were originally other than one. George Thomas Hapgood, who is a tutor in Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas, had two uncles, George and Thomas, who left England for Australia on the nineteenth of June, 1854, the very day on which he was born, and hence his name. The name George was common among the early Hapgoods, and one of the two sons of Shadrach, the first immigrant, was named Thomas. We are aware of the fact that most of the names bestowed upon the children of the early Hapgood settlers were familiar in England, but there were many other names common in England that were never admitted into the Hapgood vocabulary. It is a little singular that neither branch can trace their ancestry back beyond their own time. There seems to be no tradition of APPENDIX. 343 noble deeds or generous acts to identify them, and yet we believe they were one and the same, not very remotely. 1 I. John 1 Hapgood, born about 1784, resided in Marksbury, Somersetshire, England. II. Thomas 1 , born , resided in Bristol, England. III. Edward 1 , born , resided in Bristol. IV. Susan 1 , born , resided in Bristol ; married Hood. 1. John 1 , born about 1784; married Elizabeth Shore, 1812, born 1791. She died December 24, 1872, aged over eighty. He died September, 1864, aged eighty. Resided in the village of Marksbury, Somersetshire, England. CHILDREN. I. William*, born February, 1815, at Bath, England; mar- ried Susan Payn, 1838, who died 1874. II. Hannah 2 , born May 10, 1816, at Somersetshire ; married, March 30, 1839, James Henney, born October i, 1813, in Somersetshire. CHILDREN. 1. William 3 Henney, born at Marksbury, May 13, 1844; married, March 20, 1865, Hannah 4 Hapgood, sister to Thomas George and daughter of Richard 2 , born September u, 1848; resides in Clay Centre, Kansas. 2. Ellen Hester 3 , born October n, 1854; married, September 22, 1872, George Thomas Hapgood. III. Thomas 2 , born 1817; went with his brother George Edward to Australia, June 19, 1854. IV. Elijah 2 , born 1819; married ; died . V. Eliza*, born 1821. VI. Susan 2 , born 1823 ; went with Thomas and George, 1854, to Australia and died there. VII. George Edward 2 , born 1825. Went with his brother to Australia, June 19, 1854. 2 VIII. Richard*, born August, 1827, in Marksbury, Somerset- shire ; married Elizabeth Derry. IX. John 8 , born 1829. X. Ann 2 , born 1831. 344 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 2. RiCHARD 2 (John"*), born in Marksbury, Somersetshire ; married Elizabeth Derry. In 1851 he removed to Swansea, Glamorganshire, South Wales, where he resided seventeen years ; then concluded to emigrate to America, and settled in Lockport, Illinois, May, 1869 ; and in 1876 or 1877 he removed to Stark, Bradford County, Florida, where he died March, 1884. CHILDREN. 3 I. Henry Derry 3 , born at Bath, England, fall of 1846; married, at Swansea, July, 1865, Elizabeth Jane Haynam, born February 22, 1849. II. Hannah 3 , born September n, 1848; married, March 20, 1865, William Henney, a brother to the wife of George Thomas, born at Marksbury, May 13, 1844; resides in Clay Centre, Kansas. III. Eliza 3 , born July 14, 1851. 4 IV. George Thomas 3 , born June 19, 1854; married, in Swansea, South Wales, September 22, 1872, Ellen Hester Henney. V. James Derry 3 , born December 20, 1857, at Morriston, near Swansea, in Wales ; married, September, 1877, at Clay Centre, Emma McLaughlin, born April, 1860; resides in Denison, Texas. CHILDREN. I. Eunice 4 , born January 5, 1879. II. Arthur Albert 4 , born October 2, 1882. He is a freight clerk for M. K. & T. Railroad. 3. HENRY DERRY 3 (Richard-, John*), born in Bath, England, fall of 1846 ; married, at Swansea, July, 1865, Elizabeth Jane Haynam, born February 22, 1849. They had ten children, two born in Mor- riston, Wales, and eight in Clay Centre, Clay County, Kansas ; re- sides in Tulare, California. CHILDREN. I. Clara 4 , born at Morriston, Wales, August 11, 1866; married, February 22, 1885, Martin Hines ; resides in Clay County, Kansas. APPENDIX. 345 II. Annie Mary 4 , born January 29, 1868, at Morriston ; married, May 2, 1893, James Owen of California. III. Lucy 4 , born April 16, 1873. IV. Fannie Dora 4 , born January 28, 1875. V. William 4 , born September, 1877. VI. Alice 4 , born August, 1879. VII. Mamie 4 , born October, 1 88 1. VIII. Clifford 4 , born September, 1883. IX. Roy 4 , born October, 1885. X. Ralph 4 , born July 12, 1888. 4. GEORGE THOMAS* (Richard, John 1 ), born June 19, 1854, in Marksbury ; married in Swansea, South Wales, September 22, 1872, Ellen Hester, daughter of James and Hannah (Hapgood) Henney ; James, born Somersetshire, England, October i, 1813, and Hannah, born May 10, 1816; married March 30, 1839. Ellen Hester Hen- ney, born at Marksbury, October n, 1854. They emigrated to America and settled in Clay Centre, Clay County, Kansas, in 1874. He is now, 1897, a teacher in Bethany College, Lindsborg, Kansas. CHILDREN. I. Henry George 4 , born June 24, 1873, at Morriston, Wales; married, May 23, 1894, at Morriston, Emma Gardiner, where he resides ; a laundryman. II. Frank Richard 4 , born July 9, 1876; resides with his parents in Lindsborg ; a student. III. William James 4 , born June 18, 1879; a student. IV. Albert Edward 4 , born June 27, 1881 ; a student. V. Gladys Helene 4 , born June 27, 1888. VI. Clarence Edgar 4 , born Lindsborg, June 16, 1895. A FAMILY FROM PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. ALFRED' {Richard-, born 1832, Thomas^, born about 1805 ; had six children), born May 20, 1860, at Lot 7, Prince Edward Island ; came to East Boston, Massachusetts, where he married, July 19, 1882, Charlotte Fleming of St. John, New Brunswick, born De- cember 29, 1 86 1. 346 HAPGOOD FAMILY. He removed to St. John, New Brunswick, 1869, and to East Boston, 1878; is by trade a painter. His father was a farmer at Cascumpeque, and his grandfather was also a farmer at Cascum- peque, Prince Edward Island, his son Richard settling with him on the homestead. Thomas came from Yorkshire, England, about 1832, bringing Richard with him, at the age of six weeks. Richard died when his son Alfred was thirteen months old ; and his mother married second, about 1863, Samuel Warren of Prince Edward Island. CHILDREN. I. William James 4 , born May 18, 1883, at East Boston; died July 17, 1883. II. James Royce 4 , born May 22, 1885, at Melrose, Massachusetts. III. Louisa 4 , born October 27, 1887, at East Boston ; died Septem- ber 21, 1891, at Melrose. IV. Alfred 4 , Jr., born January i, 1889, at Melrose. V. Mary Ann 4 , born May 23, 1890, at Melrose. VI. Louisa 4 , born December 22, 1891, at East Boston. VII. John Jackson 4 , born May 25, 1894, at East Boston. A FAMILY RESIDING IN ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI. Very likely may be a descendant of Shadrach, but in vain have we striven to obtain satisfactory evidence to warrant such conclusion. WILLIAM HENRY, Jr., son of William Henry and Kate (Campbell) Hapgood, born December 13, 1869, at Lebanon, St. Clair County, Illinois; married, October 20, 1891, at St. Louis, Missouri, Lillie Fay, born at St. Louis, September 28, 1871 ; resides in St. Louis ; in charge of a stationary engine. CHILDREN. I. Olivette, born July 7, 1892. II. Pearl, born July 12, 1895. Several other Hapgoods, scattered over the country, have been seriously importuned for family or individual records, but have persistently declined to respond, thereby placing themselves beyond the pale of this edition, much to the regret of the compiler. APPENDIX. 347 NOTES AND COMMENTS BY HENRY F. WATERS, ESQ., ON HIS EFFORTS TO LOCATE THE HAPGOODS IN OR NEAR ANDOVER, ENGLAND. 62 ASHBURNHAM GROVE, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E., Wednesday evening, 12 September, 1888. WARREN HAPGOOD, ESQ., Midland Grand Hotel, London : MY DEAR SIR : I have visited Andover as you requested, and had better luck than I expected, although my luck did not extend as far as the finding of the name Shadrach. The records I found in a wretched condition, and I will not claim that I have exhausted them for you (especially the burials). It might be well to go again some time and study them more patiently. I have not been well since Sunday inclusive, but still was determined to go, in order to gratify you, if possible, before your departure homeward. If Shadrach was fourteen at his embarkation in 1656, then he might be the child of Robert Hopgood, baptized 14 September, 1642. Pray take note of the name of Peter, (eldest) son of Robert (born 1631), named perhaps after Mr. Peter Noyes. From certain wills I have in my collection I had already inferred that Mr. Peter Noyes was connected with the Blake family of Andover. Please note that John Hopgood married an Elizabeth Blake in 1605. The connection with the Noyes family may have come through that mar- riage. Still I think much of the fact that Robert named a son (and probably his eldest) Peter, and so am inclined to believe that this same Robert was the father of your ancestor Shadrach. What do you think? What a pity I could not get the name of the child baptized in 1642 ! The wills ought to be carefully examined, and if you care to have the search made, I am inclined to take it up and see what comes of it. I have been looking over your pamphlet (the first part of it), and beg to call your attention to what I believe to be an error, first made by Mr. Savage (or his printers) and repeated by Mr. Morse. Savage says (under the name Shadrach Hapgood) that "in Sept., 1657," he " is call, kinsman by the first Peter Haynes in his will, who per- 348 HAPGOOD FAMILY. haps three yrs. bef. had sent his s. Thomas to bring him." Now, as a fact, the first Peter Noyes made his will 2 2 September, 1657, and in it mentioned his "kinsman Shadrack Habgood." Substitute Noyes for Haynes in the above extract and you will have the exact fact as Savage undoubtedly meant to state it. The Passenger List of the " Speedwell," which brought over young Hopgood, contains the name of Thomas Noyce, aged 32, the one whom Savage had in mind as " sent to bring him," and the name of Haynes does not appear on that list. As to a " first Peter Haynes, brother of Walter, and making a will in September, 1657," I am inclined to repeat the words of Betsey Prig which so roused the ire of Mrs. Gamp when referring to that oft quoted but never visible friend, Mrs. Harris, "I don't believe there's no sitch a person." The earliest Peter Haynes that I know anything about (or I think Savage either) was born in 1654, son of John and grandson of Walter Haynes. His father, John Haynes, married Dorothy Noyes, one of the daughters of the very Peter Noyes we have been alluding to, and named his second son after him. So if I were you I would recast that sentence on page i of your pamphlet, and also the note at bottom of the page, and change Thomas Haynes to Thomas Noyes in middle of the second page. Now as to the name. If the work were mine, I frankly say I would cut out the whole of those remarks the entire first para- graph of the first page. Please note the spelling in the extracts I send you. The old woman who attended upon me in the church at Andover knew of the name of Hapgood. I recollect seeing in an old will the name of Roger Synghymselfe. Does not that seem quite as strange ? The name Hopper is quite common. So is Do-good. In the course of one day's reading I encountered the names of Robert Gotobed and Abigail Walklate. The name of Young-husband I saw on a sign within a week. Near Pall Mall is a sign bearing the name " Strongitharm " (a shortening for " strong in the arm ") . Hopgood does not sound strange to my ears after all the strange names I have run across. What think you of Fromabove Dove? or Fieldflower Goe and Gardenflower Goe ? or Pascal Lamb ? or Amiable Fish ? or Beaten Gold? or, John Rottengoose? or Jonas Whale? or Jonas Whalebelly? I have seen them all. APPENDIX. 349 However, I must not fill the sheet with gossip. I wish merely to say that I do not believe in that Latino-Saxon derivation of your name. I do believe its older form was Hopgood, and that it was plain English. Please let me hear if this reaches you. Sincerely yours, HENRY F. WATERS. P.S. I ought to say that I did not go to Weephill because Somerby seems to say (see your pamphlet) that the name does not occur on the records. I would have gone to Penton if I had not been informed that the registers there do not go back further than 1642. Tangley registers, I learned, begin much later. H. F. W. 62 ASHBURNHAM GROVE, GREENWICH, LONDON, S.E., 13 April, 1889. WARREN HAPGOOD, ESQ. : MY DEAR SIR : I regret to say that I have not yet visited (or rather, revisited) Andover. But I have not been idle. The name (as Hapgood, Habgood, Hopgood) I have found in the Records of Wills here. I note will of Thomas Habgood of Wymbourne Myn- ster, 1583, who mentions brother. Richard, sons John and Richard^ sister Edith, wife Edith, daughter (not named), and my ( ) Robert (whether he meant to say brother Robert or not I cannot now determine). Wimborne Minster is in the County of Dorset. Thos. Hapgood of Conholde (1589-90) makes bequest to Chute Church, mentions son Thos. and his children, son Richard and his son Thos., son Edward, dau. Johane, Katherine Hapgood (without indicating her relationship), wife Katherine, and son Rowland. A Richard Hapgood is appointed one of the overseers. Another over- seer is Christopher Cooke. Katherine Hapgood of Chute (1604-1607) mentions Rich d H. and his four children, "my other children," son Thos. and his 2 children (sons), son John's 6 children, dau. Joane's 2 children Chris- toper & Abigail, dau. Joane's dau. Katherine, son t Rowland's 2 chil- dren, son Edward to be exor. (Chute is in Wiltshire.) 350 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Richard Hapgood of Wymbourne Mynster, Dorset, merchant (-1607), mentions "my mother," my sister and her children, sister Ann Marshall, dau. Edith, wife Mary (executrix). (I ought to have said that Thos. H. in 1583 mentioned Mary Marshall under 14.) Mary Hapgood, widow, of Wymbourne Mynster, Dorset (1609), mentions " my mother in law " and sister Marshall, her daughter, dau. Edith and kinsman Will" 1 Fishmore. Edward Hapgood of Chute, Wilts, husbandman (1632), mentions son Edmund, under 21 (to live with his mother), Richard, son of bro. Rich d , Edward, another son of bro. Rich a , kinswoman Hester Annatts, under 21 and unmarried, Dorothy Sharpesse, wife Anna, Edward Annatts of Chuite and Will"' A., his son, and Edmond Pike of Collingborne Ducis. John Habgood of Wymbourne Mynster, tanner (1635-36), wishes to be buried near wife, mentions dau. Johane, dau. Edith and her son Thos., dau. Agnes, dau. Susan and her son Thos. Owtinge, dau. Dorothy, wife of Robert Lewen (and her children), the 2 sons of deceased son John, and son Richard's 4 children. Later on I hope to send you more. It is evident that there were two families, one at and about Chute, and the other at Wimborne Minster. The name of Shadrach, you notice, does not occur. I sincerely wish I may be lucky enough to get information that will be a help to you. Sincerely yours, HENRY F. WATERS. NOTES GATHERED FROM THE PARISH REGISTERS OF ST. MARY'S CHURCH, ANDOVER, ENGLAND. The earliest found seem to begin in 1587. Those previous to the year 1642/3 are in miserable condition. MARRIAGES. Rowland Hopgood and Elizabeth Hibbard 9 January, 1597. John Hopgood and Elizabeth Blake 18 June, 1605. Henry Read and \Iary Hapgood n October, 1613. APPENDIX. 351 Robert Hopgood and Ellen Scullard 1628. Thomas Hopgood and Mabell Smith 7 February, 1630. Thomas Hopgood and Joane Scullard 25 October, 1641. BURIALS. Richard, son to Robert Hopgood, 14 January, 1637. Thomas, " " John Hopgood, 5 December, 1638. Mabell, wife to Thomas Hopgood, 7 January, 1639. Thomas Hobgood of Woodhouse, 28 January, 1643. Lucke, son of Thomas Hobgood, 6 February, 1644. Amy, daughter to William Hobgood, 19 April, 1675. Thomas, son to Jo". Hobgood, Hatherden, 16 May, 1675. Jn. Hobgood Sen r ., of Wildheim, 16 September, 1675. Peter Hobgood 18 June, 1676. John Hobgood, of Hatherden, 14 August, 1676. Ann Hopgood, widow, 21 August, 1679. BAPTISMS. Richard, son of Thomas Hopgood, i April (1591 ?) Mary, daughter of John Hopgood, 27 August ( ?) Thomas, son of Thomas Hopgood, u March, 1598. Peter, son of Rowlon Hopgood, i November, 1599. Jonathan, son of Rowland Hopgood, 28 November, 1601. Thomas, son of John Hopgood, 28 November, 1601. Mary, daughter of Rowland Hopgood, 21 December, 1603. Robert, son of John Hopgood, of Hatherden, i November, 1604. Elizabeth, daughter of John Hopgood, 16 July, 1606. Elizabeth, daughter of John Hapgood, 16 September, 1613. Richard, son of Ric Hopgood, 4 September, 1627. Susan, daughter of Robert Hopgood, 18 October, 1629. , daughter of John Hopgood of Hatherden, 4 September, 1631. Peter, son of Robert Hopgood, 13 December, 1631. John, son of Thomas Hopgood, 2 April, 1632. Kath. daughter of Richard Hopgood, 24 October, 1633. William, son of John Hopgood, of Widhearn, 18 January, 1633. Richard, son to Robert Hopgood, 10 December, 1637. Thomas, son to John Hopgood, 27 February, 1637. 352 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Elizabeth, daughter to Robert Hopgood, 21 July, 1639. to Robert Hopgood, 14 September, 1642. 28 AUGUST, 1889. WARREN HAPGOOD, ESQ. : DEAR SIR : Yours of yth inst. received. That suggestion meant to be /respective as well, and not simply /respective. As to getting much, how can one ever say ? On this Washington matter I may be said to have been working six years. The first decided step was taken only after I had been here a year or a little more, and then I had to possess my soul in patience for the space of four years before taking the next step. Since then it has been altogether plainer sailing, and I have been able to move over the ground rapidly. I have made up my mind never to promise anything in way of results. The only thing I can promise is to give my attention to a case. Yours sincerely, HENRY F. WATERS. We publish the following letter in its entirety, thinking it may throw some light upon the difficulty that besets one when he attempts to obtain genealogical information from the mother country : 12 WHITEHALL PLACE, LONDON, S.W., December 28, 1894. MR. W. HAPGOOD : . MY DEAR SIR : When I received your letter I was laid up by a bad accident, from the effects of which I have not yet recovered, and I trust you will therefore excuse my not having replied to you before. I am afraid I am not able at present to give you much informa- tion beyond what you already possess about our ancestry ; indeed, I was not aware of so much as you have discovered. Our name in the three forms which you mention is an uncommon one in England, except in Hampshire and Dorsetshire. My grand- father came out of Dorsetshire into Hampshire about the close of APPENDIX. 353 the last century, and I know next to nothing about our family before his time. I think they must have been Dorset yeomen. None of my relatives on my father's side are now (I believe) living except my brothers and sister, and they cannot help me. As to the ancestors believed to have lived near Andover, I can say this, that some years ago I heard that there was formerly a family of our name at Weyhill, near that town, which had, however, disappeared. 1 shall probably, all being well, see a friend at Andover before long who may be able to tell me more about these Hapgoods. I will not fail to keep your letter in mind, and will take any opportunity I can to get further information for you from this or any other source. I cannot think of any other persons who would be likely to be able to assist you more than I can. I remain, dear sir, Your faithful servant and namesake, H. J. HAPGQOD. HAPGOOD REVOLUTIONARY WAR RECORDS, AS THEY APPEAR ON THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR ROLLS, IN THE OFFICE OF THE SECRE- TARY OF THE COMMONWEALTH, AT THE STATE HOUSE, BOSTON. ABRAHAM HAPGOOD appears on the Lexington alarm roll, as a private in Capt. John Hay ward's Co., of Col. Abijah Pierce's Regt., which marched -from Acton, Mass., April 19, 1775. Time of service 10 days. Mass. Arc/lives, vol. f2, page lib. ABRAHAM HAPGOOD, as 2d Corporal in Capt. Israel Heald's Co., of Col. Eleazer Brooks' Regt., marched from Acton to Rox- bury, March 4, 1776. Time of service 6 months. Vol. 20, page 76. ABRAHAM HAPGOOD appears among a list of men drafted by Capt. Simon Hunt, under a resolve of Aug. 8, 1777, to rein- force the Continental Army. Dated Acton, Aug. 14, 1777. Returns made to Col. Eleazer Brooks. Vol. 53, page 190. ABRAHAM HAPGOOD appears on the muster and pay roll as a pri- vate in Capt. George Minott's Co., of Col. Sam. Bullard's Regt. Enlisted Aug. 16, 1777; discharged Nov. 30, 1777. Service performed was in the Northern Department. Vol. 21, page 79. ABRAHAM HAPGOOD appears among a list of officers of the Mass. Militia, as 2d Lieut, in Capt. Daniel Davis' Co., of the ^d 354 APPENDIX. 355 Middlesex County Regt., under command of Colonel Faulk- ner. Commissioned June 7> 1780. Vol. 28, page 66. ASA HAPGOOD of Barre appears as a private on the muster and pay roll of Capt. William Henry's Co., in Colonel Whit- ney's Regt., for service at Rhode Island on the alarm. En- listed May 5, 1777; discharged July 5, 1777. Vol. 2, page no. ASA HAPGOOD of Barre enlisted Sept. 26, 1777, as a private, in Capt. Benj. Nye's Co., of Maj. Jonas Wilder's Regt., which marched to assist the Northern Army. Discharged Oct. 18, 1777. Vol. 21, page isg. DANIEL HAPGOOD of Stowe appears on the Lexington Alarm Roll, as corporal, in William Whitcomb's Co., of Col. James Prescott's Regt. Time of service 8 days. Vol. /j, page 168. DANIEL HAPGOOD appears as a private on the muster and pay roll of Capt. Silas Taylor's Co., in Col. Jonathan Reed's Regt. Enlisted Oct. i, 1777; discharged Nov. 8, 1777. This was a company of volunteers which marched by resolve of Sept. 22, 1777, to join the army under General Gates. He was a sergeant, serving as a volunteer. Vol. 23, page 779. DEC H . (probably Daniel) HAPGOOD appears among a "list of men belonging to the alarm list " in Capt. Benj. Munroe's 6th Co., of the 4th Regt. Dated December, 1776. Vol. 52, page 540. EPHRAIM HAPGOOD of Acton appears as a private on the mus- ter and pay roll of Capt. Israel Heald's Co., in Col. Eleazer Brooks' Regt., which marched to Roxbury March 4,. 1776. Time of service 6 days. Vol. 20, page 76. HEZEKIAH HAPGOOD appears as a private on the muster and pay roll of Capt. Edward Longley's Co., in Colonel Cog- well's Regt. Enlisted Oct. i, 1778; discharged Dec. 31, 356 HAPGOOD FAMILY. 1778. This company was detached for the purpose ot guarding and fortifying the ports in and near Boston. Vol. 21, page 33. JONATHAN HAPGOOD appears among a list of field officers of the Mass. Militia as ist Major in the ist Middlesex County Regt., Col. Oliver Prescott in command. Commission dated Aug. 30, 1775. Vol. 28, pages 87, 95. JONATHAN HAPGOOD was chosen by Legislature Feb. 15, 1776, as ist Major of Col. Henry Gardner's Regt. Commissioned in Council. This commission was declined. Vol. 41, page 134. JONATHAN HAPGOOD was chosen ist Major of the 4th Middlesex County Regt. under command of Col. Ezekiel Howe. Com- missioned May 10, 1776- This was a second appointment, the first having been declined. Vol. 28, pages 97, 104. JONATHAN HAPGOOD appears in an official record of a ballot by the House of Representatives, Feb. 25, 1779, as Lieutenant- Colonel of 4th Regt. of Militia in Middlesex County, Col. Cyprian Howe, Commander. Appointment concurred in by the Council, Feb. 26, 1779. Vol. 221, page 300. NATHANIEL HAPGOOD appears on the muster and pay roll as a private in Capt. John Buttrick's Co., of Col. Reed's Regt. He enlisted Sept. 28, 1777; was discharged Nov. 7? X 777- A volunteer company which served at the taking of Bur- goyne's army in 1777 5 Colonel Buttrick went as captain. Vol. 55, Page 28 L. NATHANIEL HAPGOOD appears on the muster and pay roll of Capt. Francis Brown's Co., in Colonel Mclntosh's Regt. Enlisted Aug. 4, 1778; discharged Sept. n, 1778. Served in General Lovell's brigade on the Rhode Island alarm. Vol. i, page go. NATHANIEL HAPGOOD appears on the muster and pay roll of Capt. Joshua Walker's Co., in Col. Samuel Denny's Regt. Enlisted Oct. 23, 1779; discharged Nov. 23, 1779. De- APPENDIX. 357 tached to join the Continental Army at Claverack. Raised for 3 months by resolve of the General Court, Oct. 9, i779 Roll dated at VVoburn. Vol. 3, page 239. SAM. HAPGOOD appears on the Lexington alarm roll as private in Capt. William Whitemore's Co., of Col. James Prescott's Regt., which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775, from Stowe. Length of service, 3 days. Vol. 13, page s68. SHADRACH HAPGOOD appears on the muster and pay roll as a private in Capt. Sam. Hill's Co., of Col. Josiah Whitney's Reg. Enlisted Oct. 2, 1777; discharged Oct. 26, 1777. Service 24 days ; marched from Harvard. Under Lieu.- Col. Ephraim Sawyer for service in the Northern Army. Vol. 79, pages 169, 218. SHADRACH HAPGOOD of Lancaster appears as a private on the Lexington alarm roll of April 19, 1775. Vol. 12, page pj. SHADRACH HAPGOOD of Harvard appears on the muster and pay roll as a private in Capt. Samuel Hill's Co., of Col. Josiah Whitney's Regt., which marched on the Bennington alarm. Enlisted Aug. 19, 1777; discharged Aug. 23, 1777. Vol. 20, page 23. THOMAS HAPGOOD of Bolton or Princeton appears as a sergeant on the muster and pay roll of Capt. James Mirick's Co., in Col. Whitney's Regt., which marched under com- mand of Lieut. -Col. Ephraim Sawyer, Jr., to reinforce General Gates at Saratoga. Enlisted Oct. 2, 1777; dis- charged Oct. 18, 1777. Vol. 21, pages 119, 122. THOMAS HAPGOOD appears on the muster and pay roll as a private, in Capt. William Morse's Co., of Col. Jona Read's Regt. Enlisted Oct. 2, 1777; discharged Nov. 8, 1777; belonged to Marlboro. This was a company of volunteers which marched to assist General Gates, under resolve of Sept. 22, 1777. Vol. 21, page 83. 358 HAPGOOD FAMILY. HAPGOODS IN THE CIVIL WAR, TOGETHER WITH THOSE WHO MARRIED INTO THE HAPGOOD FAMILY. Carpenter, Ezra J., enlisted Aug. 23, 1864; mustered out June 7, 1865. Page 107. Felton, Levi L., enlisted in a company of the Heavy Artillery. Page 285. Florence, William, enlisted July 25, 1862 ; discharged for ill health March 5, 1863. Page 214. Ford, Oscar Rodolphus, engineer in U. S. Navy in 1862. Page 92. Gates, Franklin, enlisted Jan. 5, 1864, in i5th Massachusetts Bat- tery; mustered out Aug. 4, 1865. Page 54. Hapgood, Albion Danvill, enlisted Jan. 4, 1863 : mustered out at the close of the war. Page 136. " Andrew Sprout, enlisted in 1861 ; discharged at expira- tion of term of service. Page 98. " Cephas Jonathan, enlisted in the navy 1863. Page 284. " Charles Burt, enlisted in 1862, served to the close of the war. Page 263. " Charles Edward (Colonel), commissioned October 12, Captain in 5th Regiment New Hampshire Volunteers ; mustered out as Colonel in 1865. Page 319. " Charles F., in 23d Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers ; died on board ship Aug. 8, 1863. Page 254. " Charles Henry, enlisted in Company C, isth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers. Page 1 1 1 . " Charles Manning, enlisted Oct. 31, 1861 ; discharged Oct. 31, 1864. Page 329. 358 APPENDIX. 359 Hapgood, Frank Leander, enlisted Sept. 25, 1862 ; died in Baltimore. Page 280. " George Washington (Sergeant), enlisted Sept. 13, 1861; discharged Aug. 10, 1865. Page 247. " Henry, enlisted Aug. 31, 1862 ; died from effects of service Nov. 25, 1863. Page 89 Howard, enlisted in Co. D, i42d Regiment, New York Volunteers; killed in battle May 10, 1864. Page 107. " John Henry, enlisted in naval service on the " Potomac," under Admiral Farragut. Page 295. " Joseph Henry, enlisted July 12, 1861, for three years ; re- enlisted Nov. 22, 1864, in 5th Regiment Maryland Volunteers; discharged Sept. i, 1865. Page 300. Julian Weeks, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; discharged June 7, 1865. Page 319. " Lemuel Bicknell, enlisted in 1862 ; mustered out in 1865. Page 152. " Luther, enlisted July 13, 1862 ; discharged July 13, 1865. Page 218. " Luther Maynard, enlisted July 12, 1861 ; discharged for disability. Page 299. " Luther Sawyer, enlisted in 1861 ; served to the end of the war. Page 331. " Oliver (Sergeant), enlisted in 1861 ; killed in battle June 30, 1862. Page 143. Reuben Henry, enlisted Feb. 27, 1864; died in New Orleans. Page 286. " Reuben Leander, enlisted Sept. 25, 1862 ; mustered out July 27, 1863. Page 278. Harlow, Charles Ellis (Corporal), enlisted Aug. 25, 1862 ; died in service March 2, 1864. Page 71. Hill, Charles H., enlisted in the nth New York Battery. Page 295. Leonard, John Hiram, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861, for three years; mustered out in 1864. Page 114. Lewis, Marshall James, enlisted Aug. 22, 1864 ; discharged June 17, 1865. Page 233. 360 HAPGOOD FAMILY. Lewis, Albert Jerome, enlisted Aug. 22, 1864 ; discharged June 17, 1865. Page 233. Stockwell, Cyrus Hapgood (Sergeant), enlisted in Tjih Regiment Illinois Volunteers; died in service May 13, 1864. Page 85. Taylor, Charles Henry, enlisted in 1861 in the 38th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteers; wounded June 14, 1863. Page 215. Wells, Morrice Berry, enlisted in Company C, Pennsylvania Volun- teers. Page 195. Whittaker, Jason David, enlisted July 12, 1864 ; discharged for disa- bility, Sept. 20, 1864. Page 234. INTRODUCTORY TO SUPPLEMENT. THE supplement contains a variety of articles written by the compiler of the genealogy while in active business, running through a period of many years upon widely different subjects, mostly, however, of a sporting character, which appeared in the public journals, from time to time, as they were produced. Some of these papers will not be likely to interest the general reader, and they are not here collected with that expectation, but in the hope that some of our younger readers, with sporting proclivities, may be attracted by them and profit by our experience and life-long amusements. To be a sportsman one should be a hearty admirer of nature and her stupendous and wonderful works, lofty mountains, noble forests, running brooks, precipice and prairie, and the ways and habits of their multitudinous inhabitants. If all these do not bring joy to his heart and elevate his soul, he is no sportsman, and had better let his faculties drift into some other field. Nor would we advise any one to follow our example unless he intends to cheat the undertaker, as we think we have, by prolonging life beyond the four-score limit. Every one must, however, have some amusement. The old maxim, " All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy," is as true now as in the days of the fathers. The article on "Brant" the first of the series was the first long paper that fell from our pen, and this was so highly commended as to induce us to continue the very agreeable pastime. We would advise our young friends to form the habit of writing articles for the press, on familiar topics, with that thoughtful care required, as teaching methods of clearness of statement, a proper selection of words to express thoughts, training the mind to analyze material, 361 362 INTRODUCTORY TO SUPPLEMENT. strengthening the memory, and in many other ways useful. The chase has ever produced a race of brave and hardy men, in whom keenness of perception and courage in execution go hand in hand with sound judgment as to final results. A sportsman is one who pursues game for the pleasure it affords him, with due regard to time and season, so as not to destroy or unreasonably waste the same. A pot-hunter is a person who pursues game at any and all seasons, without regard to its final destruction, simply for what he can get out of it as a day laborer. He is a mercenary destroyer, in whom the soul-stirring sentiments of the sportsman have become extinct. THE AUTHOR. p. s BRANT GEESE. (Anser bernicla BON.) THEIR HABITS MIGRATIONS BREEDING PLACES. (From Forest and Stream.) NONE of our game birds are, perhaps, so little known as the brant of the east coast of North America and Arctic region. This bird must not be confounded with the brant of the Mississippi Valley (Anser Albi- frons Aud.), or with that of the Pacific (Anser Nigrican Law.). The subject of these remarks has been so often and so accurately de- scribed by ornithologists as to require no further specific characterization. We would, however, remark that our observation has led us to believe there is no sexual difference in plumage or size. The young birds are a shade paler brown than the old ones, and have the wing coverts more deeply margined with white. They are exclusive and reserved in their habits, never consorting with other fowl. They hiss at one approaching as other geese do, and their "ruck, ruck," and % 'r-r-ronk, r-ronk," when trilled off by an expert, is not altogether unmusical. They travel within circumscribed limits, and are not like other birds scattered and diffused over the continent. As far as we know, they have never been bred or domesticated in this country or England. Their domestic life, the order of the family, the food of the young, their growth and development, is entirely unknown. No one has at any time, we presume, studied their habits from birth to maturity, and consequently that great field for study- ing character the home is lost to us. We have had good opportunity for observing their habits during their migrations at Cape Cod for more than twenty years, and we learn that at other migratory points their habits are identical. The M. B. Club has for many years kept as decoys all the way from six to twenty of these birds, but in no instance have they exhibited any connubial desire. Some years since, the club presented half a dozen of the birds to a wealthy bird fancier in this vicinity for the purpose of breeding, but the scheme totally failed. Another party has three fine specimens that are allowed by day to roam about the house with other fowl, but they, in common with all their fellows, are first shorn of the tip of a wing to pre- vent their speedy departure. Nor have these shown any reproductive proclivities. While in bondage they drink fresh water, but in a normal condition, if they drink at all, it is of salt water. Their food is wholly vegetable, consisting of eel grass and other marine growths. We have never seen them partake of fish, or any of the myriads of animal life 364 SUPPLEMENT. that infest our shores. Their excrementary deposits indicate entirely vegetable diet, and as they never dive except when wounded and pur- sued, they must feed where the water is less than two feet deep. Corn alone constitutes the bill of fare of the decoys. From our stand-point on Cape Cod, we should say, in ordinary seasons brant begin to arrive and depart early in March, and they continue coming and going till the end of April. At times there are immense numbers on the feeding ground. They are too wise to set out upon a long voyage in the teeth of a northeasterly storm; but let the wind haul to southwest, and one will see those nearest shore gobble a quantity of sand, "take in ballast," as the natives say, lift up and swing round, often two or three times to get the proper altitude, then strike out over the beach in an east northeast direction, and with such precision as to provoke the remark that each leader must carry a compass in the top of his head to steer by. There is no day during the season above named when there are not more or less brant at this point, and with proper appliances and skilful management large numbers of them may be slaughtered, but no sport is more dubious than this brant shooting. The tides, wind, and weather all have their influence, and the birds are often very freakish and do not decoy well. The course they lay in departing is further on, somewhat deflected, so as to bring them into the Bay of Fundy, up which they pass, lifting over the narrow neck of land to Northumber- land Straits, where again they find shoal water and good feeding ground. Here, and along the shore of Prince Edward's Island, they "feed and batten " till the end of May or fore part of June, when they push along still further north. Between Cape Cod and Prince Edward's Island they rarely stop, except when compelled to do so by hard winds or a storm, nor have they at any time ventured far inland or out to sea. Here, however, with an accumulation of strength and adipose matter, they are prepared for the long, tedious, and possibly somewhat dan- gerous journey that is before them. Leaving the Gulf of St. Lawrence, they proceed along to westward of the Island of Anticosti, and at 65 or 66 west longitude, strike out boldly over the land in a northwesterly direction to the Arctic Ocean. Navigators on Hudson's Bay have not spoken of seeing them in such numbers as to warrant the belief that they make any considerable stop there. Their line of flight from the St. Lawrence to the Arctic is not definitely known, and yet it is certain they pass north between Boothia and Victoria Land, and between Mel- ville Island and North Devon. Whether in the long journey they are guided by certain isothermal lines, influenced by electric currents, or drawn thither by the magnetic pole, which is represented as being at about latitude 70 10' west longitude 96 5' is not known. That they do arrive in the vicinity of Melville Island in vast numbers, and SUPPLEMENT. 365 that they pass along Wellington Channel and other Arctic waters to still more northern feeding and breeding grounds, is well authenticated. We assume then that all the other swimming birds the eiders, auks, gulls, swan, etc., travel and breed along the coast of Labrador, Baffin's Bay, and Smith's Sound, while the brant do not. They take a widely different route and go much further north than the great mass of other birds. What we know, all we know in fact, of the birds away up in this in- hospitable region, is gathered from the fragmentary narration of Arctic explorers, and from the birds themselves. That they do go north of 70, or even 82 north latitude, and go in large flocks, we will further on undertake to prove. We do not assume that all th^ brant go north of 82, but that nearly all that intend to reproduce their young, do. Some from weakness or weariness, caused by the long journey, or possibly from the pressure of the egg for extrusion, or other causes, may drop out of the flock and hence be seen in summer south of 70 north latitude. Again, some may linger with no intention of breeding, as do the other geese. Sir John Richardson says of geese (Vol. I, p. 251): "There are a considerable number who do not breed, but keep in small bands and are called barren geese. Of these we saw several flocks." Among the earlier Arctic explorers the opinion evidently prevailed that brant did not go so far north to breed. So late as 1848, Sir John Richardson writes : " In Coronation Gulf are many islands. Swan, snow geese, brant geese, eiders, . . . breed in immense numbers on these islands." Further on he says that they (brant) breed on Wollaston Land. They were going north, and he presumed they would stop there ; but now recent explorers have demonstrated his error. Hall, on his first expedition, saw brant at the mouth of the Jordan River, and others may have been seen in out-of-the-way places. The surgeon of the " Hecla " and " Griper," Alex. Fisher, on the i6th of July, remarks : " A party of six went out for a ten-days' hunt. They saw a great many brant, but only succeeded in killing a dozen." And further on, latitude 70 30' longitude 71 15', on the third of September, 1820: "Saw two flocks of brant geese." June 12, while at Hooper's Island (near Melville), he observes : " We saw several ptarmigan and a great many of the geese so often mentioned in the course of our journey; ... of these birds we managed to shoot four during our stay, and found them to be brant geese. They weighed about four pounds each." Parry, on his first voyage to Melville Island, June 12, 1820, says: "The birds seen by our people were many brant geese and ptarmigan, several golden plover, one or two boatswains, and abundance of snow buntings." They were hurrying along north, just as they do at Cape Cod ; in fact, they are always in a hurry ; always on the alert. We have never seen them sit down like other fowl, head under wing, and sleep. 366 SUPPLEMENT. McClure, while at Prince of Wales Straits, wrote the following: "The king and common eider, the pin-tail ducks, and the brant geese form their simple nests in spite of the prowling fox." As he does not speak of seeing a brant's nest, we are rather inclined to believe it was not there. We doubt, with a single exception, if any one has ever discovered or seen a brant's nest. McClintock, at Cape Bird, remarks (p. 290) : " I saw and shot a brant goose, seated upon an accessible ledge, and made a prize of four eggs." But apparantly fearing his reader might be led to believe it a common occurrence, appended the following: " It seemed strange that the bird should have selected so unusual a breeding place." Further on, at Boothia Felix, latitude 69 50', longitude 96 10' (p. 280) he says : " On the 8th of June the first ducks and brant geese were seen flying northward." At Bellot Straits (1858) he writes: "We cannot discover the nests of either ducks or geese." Dr. Kane, on his first voyage (1850), saw no brant till he arrived in the vicinity of Wellington Channel. So early as the 26th of August, the brant began to be seen on the return voyage. He says (p. 160) : " If we add to these (the other birds) the crowding tenants of the air, the brant geese which now came in great cunoid flocks from the north by east." And again (p. 174): "Our solitary goose (one shot by Murdaugh with a rifle on the wing) was the Anser bernicla, crowds of which now begin to fly over the land, and in a cunoid stream to the east of south." This " cunoid stream " rather puzzles us. If they fly in that shape in the Arctic region, it is different from what they move in New England. They generally fly irregularly in a line. That line is sometimes bent forward in the centre so as nearly to represent a V, but never continues so for any length of time. We should be in- clined to believe the birds described were Canada geese, were they not named specifically. And, besides, we presume Anser canadensis does not reach so high a latitude. Sir John Richardson says (Vol. I, p. 320): " The Canada geese breed throughout the woody districts (of North America), but do not reach the vicinity of the Arctic Sea." Again, writ- ing from Fort Confidence (Vol. II, p. 105): " The Canada geese come in the van (May 19), and remain breeding in the woody country." In this northern journey, from the vicinity of Wellington Channel, the brant take a northeast course which brings them to the north part of Smith's Sound, where they were seen by Kane, Morton, and others. We quote from Morton's statement (Kane's expedition): "June 21, 1854, a flock of brant geese were coming down the valley of the lowland and ducks were seen in crowds upon the open water. When we saw the geese first, they were apparently coming from the eastward ; they made a curve out to seaward, then turning, flew far ahead over the plain until they were lost to view, showing that their destination was inland. BRANT GEESE, HABITS, ETC. 367 The general line of flight of the flock was to the northeast." This was near Cape Constitution, and about latitude 80 north. At Rens- salaer, Kane says (p. 302-3): "The brant geese had not been seen before, since entering Smith Straits. It is well known to the Polar traveler as a migratory bird of the American Continent. Like the others of the same family, it feeds upon vegetable matter, generally marine plants, with the adherent molluscous life. It is rarely or never seen in the interior, and from its habits may be regarded as singularly indic- ative of open water. The flocks of these birds, easily distinguished by their wedge-shaped line of flight, now crossed the water obliquely and disappeared over the land to the north and east. I have often shot these birds in Wellington Channel in latitude 74 50' nearly six degrees to the south. They were then flying in the same direction." Dr. Hayes' sledge expedition reached Cape Lieber, latitude 81 35', April, 1861, and found the nests and breeding places of many birds, but no brant. If further testimony were needed that these birds breed north of, and beyond, any human footprints, we would give the following from the last-named author: " Long lines of cackling geese were sailing far overhead, winging their way to some more remote point of Northness." (P. 382.) Again, July 7, he says : " I found a flock of brant geese, but could not discover their nests." (P. 411.) If they do breed along the shores of Baffin's Bay and the Arctic Archipelago, it is very singular that none of these voyagers have spoken of finding their nests or eggs, as they do of the eiders and other birds. Captain Hall's first expedition reached Frobisher's Bay, June 24, 1861, and a party went ashore for eider ducks' eggs with the following result: " In ten minutes four of us gathered six dozen, and at another island, in twenty minutes, sixteen dozen and five." He makes no mention of brant in this vicinity. Again, July 23, he observes : " Duck were to be seen in every direction. . . . They were in such numbers that when above us they almost darkened the air." His second voyage was through Hudson's Bay, to King William's Land, but he does not speak of seeing brant. The third expedition the unfortunate " Polaris " reached 82 29' north latitude, where he pens this sentence : " Seals, game, geese, ducks, musk cattle, wolves, fowls, bears, partridges, and lemmings are plenty." Our quotations from the brave men who have suffered untold hardships to discover a " Northwest passage," or "open Polar Sea," are, we submit, sufficient to establish the hypothesis that brant go north of 82 to breed, and that they go in large flocks. Any observer of the habits of birds knows very well that while they are in " large flocks," they are in no condition for breeding. Before nidification takes place, they " woo and wed," /. e. they pair and retire to solitary nooks for the seclusion of the little family, and although hugely gregarious at other 368 SUPPLEMENT. times, during the breeding season we believe all the anserina are strictly monogamous. Nor do we suppose all the birds go to one island, or arrive or depart at the same time. It takes from four to six weeks for all of them to pass a given point at Cape Cod or Prince Edward's Island, so that the last of the flight does not reach the Arctic Archipelago till late in June. Then see how brief a period they have to build their nests, incubate, and carry their young through the various stages of growth, from the tender days of infancy, to the self-sustaining period of maturity. It seems almost incredible that all this is accomplished in less than three months ! It so happens that some years there are no young brant. The cause of this, we presume, to be the shortness of the season, i. e. when the spring is backward and winter sets in early. When the young ice forms rapidly by the 3d of September the parent birds must abandon their progeny or perish with them. The law of self-preservation is stronger than the love of offspring, and with sorrowing hearts they bid adieu to the callow brood and wing their way to more genial climes. On the following spring the epicure will in vain call at the Parker House for the coveted morsel. We have spoken of the Arctic Archipelago as the place of nativity of these birds. It is possible that Greenland continues to and beyond the pole. Certain it is that these birds do not go into the middle of the ocean or "open Polar Sea" to lay their eggs and rear their young. They are not divers, and must feed on shore or in shoal water. It is probable that the region north of Greenland and around the pole is dotted all over with islands. The Austrian "Tegethoff " expedition of 1872, which discovered Francis Joseph's Land, and other islands, has proved this theory further east, and we think the brant themselves have westward. The climate must be so warm as to produce marine vege- tables for food, and also to exempt the eggs from the possibility of destruction by frost. There is something inexplicable in the temperature of these unexplored latitudes. The sun's rays fall more obliquely as we approach the pole, and yet it must be warmer than at 70 of north lati- tude. Is it not possible nay, probable that, in the wisdom of the Creator, some law exists whereby the sun's rays, on reaching a certain degree of obliquity, renew their heating power, which being intensified as it approaches the pole makes a comparatively warm climate there ? We know that a similar law exists in regard to water. Water diminishes in bulk as it cools down to 39 : 80", at which point it expands down to the freezing point. Let us suppose the law of solar heat to be cooling as the rays incline up to an angle of 45, (or any other), and warming beyond that degree, and we are at once relieved from our brant dilemma. Another feature of the climate disturbs us. Dr. Kane discovered ice in Smith's Sound forty feet BRANT GEESE, HABITS, ETC. 369 thick, and Koldeway, on the east coast of Greenland, sixty feet ! The old navigator, Scoresby, in 1820, undertook to prove that this ice formed in mid-ocean; but this hypothesis is contrary to our observation. The first young ice is formed along the shore line, in shoal water, then pushes itself out into the bay or ocean. We presume, in the Arctic region the ice forms around the islands, then extends to meet that formed around other islands until it encases everything in its crystal folds. Then, as summer approaches, it is disengaged from the land or broken up by heavy gales, and drifts with the current down through Baffin's Bay, or between Spitzbergen and the coast of Greenland, where it melts and disappears. Of course, the ice first melts in spring, where it first froze in autumn, along the shore line, and is there first disengaged. Were it not so, the brant would not be able to get on to their feeding ground so early as the end of June, and consequently would not be able to repro- duce at all. Then there would seem to be scarcely time for the growth of marine plants for food. It may be foreordained by Divine wisdom that the tender herb may be dispensed with. We have observed, more especially in spring time, the decoys constantly pecking at the boards and decayed posts of their pen. They seem to hanker after decayed wood, and we have been led to suspect that this article forms no incon- siderable portion of their food in their boreal abode. Why should they eat up their pen? It is a curious way of obtaining their liberty, and yet we are well assured they devoutly desire this boon. They often try to fly or jump out of their pens, and when a flock is flying overhead in sight, they instantly and vociferously utter the call note, "r-r-ronk! r-r-ronk ! " There is plenty of drift wood in the Arctic region which, in time, must decay. Captain John Franklin (afterwards Sir John) found, in 1821, at the mouth of Banks' River, a fine log of drift wood sufficient to cook a bear. McClure, at Banks' Land, 1851, discovered wood to the depth of forty feet. McClintock, and the other navigators in that quarter, speak of great quantities of drift wood along the coast of Green- land, and Parry finds the same thing at Spitzbergen. All the rivers of northern Asia, Europe, and America, as well as the swift currents of Behring's Straits, are constantly discharging their rich freight of drift wood into the Polar Sea, and if the brant do not feed upon it there, they act very different from what they do in bondage. Here, then, we may, in our mind's eye, see the different families isolated and scattered all over these islands, at the end of August or first of September, gathering and reuniting into large flocks ready for the long voyage south. Doubt- less many of the young are too feeble to endure the long journey, and either do not set out, or fall by the way. Their return is by nearly the same route they went thither. They make no stop at Cape Cod, unless compelled to do so by stress of weather, and the time of their passage is 370 SUPPLEMENT. the latter part of October and whole of November, but at this season they are poor and not prized, either by sportsmen or epicures. They spend the winter months along shore from Barnegat to Florida, or, pos- sibly, the Gulf of Mexico, where they again recuperate, and on their return north, in spring, are regarded as among the finest fowl on our coast. Boston, August 14, 1875. W. HAPGOOD. GAME BIRDS OF NEW ENGLAND. RECORD OF AN ATTEMPT TO INTRODUCE EUROPEAN QUAIL INTO AMERICA. [From forest and Stream. ] FOR several years gentlemen in this vicinity, who are interested in the preservation and propagation of game, have been discussing the practicability of introducing some new species of game birds into New England. When we consider how few we have of really game birds birds that will lie to and are hunted with dogs and these few growing fewer and fewer every year, the reason for this solicitude will be obvious. If we name partridges (Bonasa umbellus}, quail (Ortyx virginianus\ woodcock (Philohela minor), Wilson snipe (Gullinago ivilsoni), we have enumerated about all that are worthy the attention or consideration of sportsmen. There are a few other species, some of which will lie to a dog, that are occasionally admitted to bag ; but to a true sportsman, who enjoys the manly and invigorating exercise of the field, they offer very little satisfaction. Among the indifferent birds, the spruce par- tridge (Canace canadensis\ which inhabits the northern part of New England, is of good size, and will sometimes lie to a dog, but are not numerous. Their home is a great way off from sporting centres, in a region where there are very few other game birds ; are difficult to shoot, shying about in dense spruce or hemlock forests, and, gastronotnically, are of no account, nor are they often on sale in our markets. We have at times several species of the rail family, but they arrive late and depart early, are here during the hottest weather, are found only in reedy bogs or filthy sloughs where no sportsman likes to go ; and GAME BIRDS OF NEW ENGLAND. 371 although most game dogs will point them, they have no dignity of character, and while the dog honestly thinks he has game, the little Rallus is running, swimming, diving, flying anything to sneak away and puzzle his pursuers until he is far over the bog or thick reeds, beyond reach, or, if reached, is a poor reward to dog and man, and in this latitude is almost never hunted "per se" Further south they are more abundant, and one may fill a bag or boat as he pleases. Along some of the hill-tops or valleys of New England one occasion- ally meets with a very delicious bird, the upland plover (Actiturus bartramius); but they will not lie to a dog or anything else, are very wary, will respond to no call note or decoy, and are hardly to be considered game birds in the sense we have indicated. There are a few other birds that are sometimes shot, among them the meadow \a.r\a(Sturnella magna), which most any bird dog will point; but the bird will lie as well to a man or cow as to a canine ; nor are they regarded as very gamy. Snipe shooting is, we believe, everywhere regarded as very fine sport, than which, in some sections of the United States, none is better. In New England more particularly in the northern and eastern parts none is, however, more uncertain or perplexing. They are here to-day and there to-morrow, never staying long in a place, and some seasons scarcely making an appearance at all, though, when found, lie tolerably well to a dog, and are a nice, palatable bird. We have been unable to suggest any of the Scolopacidce as a substitute or auxiliary. There are many species of the snipe in the world, but their habits are so nomadic as to render hopeless the task of localization or breeding. The woodcock is, to our mind, the crown jewel, the very ne plus ultra of all sport. To a man who loves a well-bred, well-trained dog, and also loves shooting in cover with as dear old Isaak Walton used to say "a companion that is cheerful and free from swearing," no bird gives so much pleasure, so much real joy and satisfaction, as this noble bird the woodcock. They arrive in March, breed early, stay with us till November,-and would probably be quite plenty if we could enforce a law making all the year, except September, October, and November, a close season. But these birds are mercilessly pursued by old and young, in season and out of season, with all sorts and con- ditions of arms and animals, until it is almost impossible to make a respectable bag. It is believed that some of our finest woodcock sections have been ruined by the birds being killed in June on their breeding grounds, leaving none to return to the place of their nativity, as is their wont, on the following spring, to reproduce their young. Stringent laws have been granted by the legislature, but there seems to be no disposition on the part of the gunners to observe, or the authori- 372 SUPPLEMENT. ties to enforce, these laws. Game laws are looked upon by most people as an infringement of their natural and inherent rights, to be spurned and trampled upon whenever and wherever encountered. The earlier settlers of New England had to contend with the savages and savage beasts for the soil they occupied, and only by the skilful use of the gun were they frequently saved from destruction. When starvation stood upon the threshold of the little hut, the gun brought the wished-for meat, and all were happy again. Hunting was a necessity, and what at first was a pinching necessity, afterward became a pleasant pastime. As game grew scarce, the aid of the legislature was invoked for its preservation, but many short-sighted persons declared that gunning and fishing had in this country ever been free, and so they must forever remain. And this is the spirit by which the friends of the protective system are met. Time, observation, statistics, our sporting literature, and intelligent sportsmen are doing much to obliterate these prejudices, and yet he who undertakes to correct or reform the habits or morals of a people, has before him no light task. But the question before us now is, Can we introduce any new species of waders that will take the place of or aid in preserving our woodcock? Would the European wood- cock (Scolopax rusticold), if once planted here, be successful in its results? It is a splendid bird, larger than its congener this side the ocean, and if colonized would probably thrive well. It is, however, no easy matter to capture them in such numbers as would be required to stock a continent. It would be a grand enterprise, and we hope some magnanimous individual or rich club will do itself the honor of the experiment. The partridge is the largest of our game birds, and is eagerly sought, both for table and field. They are hardy, capable of enduring the severest weather, feeding in winter mostly on buds, and roosting upon trees, or plunging into soft snow to escape the cold and other enemies. If while thus encased in flaky folds, a light rain should fall and then suddenly freeze, so as to form a crust, they would be unable to extricate themselves, and quite likely in this way many would perish. But the most destructive enemy of the partridge is the snare or trap. An expert with these wicked and nefarious contrivances can, in a short time, "clean out "all the partridges within his reach. No species of bird can, we presume, be exterminated by the gun, while several may be with snares. Then we have the sharp-tailed grovLse(Pediocs. GAME BIRDS OF NEW ENGLAND. 379 are not certain that any nests or eggs have been discovered. If they breed, will they in this new and strange land, as the winter draws near, with their little families, migrate ? If they migrate, will they strike boldly out to sea, thinking they are to cross the Mediterranean and thus perish, or will they follow the coast line or a more inland route to Florida ? Will they pass the winter there or cross over to Cuba, and there intermarry with their non-migratory cousins (Ortyx cabanensis\ and so mix themselves up with their mean relations as to lose their identity and forget to return ? Or, again, will they nobly fulfill their mission and sustain the confidence we reposed in them when we brought them out of the land of Egypt? Or, still again, will they forsake their migratory habits and stupidly squat down here in the very jaws of relent- less winter, where certain death awaits them ? If they once go South to pass the winter and return the following spring our triumph is complete. But will they do this? " Nous -verrons." W. HAPGOOD. Boston, July 28, 1877. P. S. Since writing the above, a note from Mr. Everts informs us that the birds in his neighborhood have brought out several large broods, and he is quite sanguine of success. W. H. RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS OF SHORE BIRDS. Limicolce. [forest and Stream.'} IT was in the month of April, 1868, that we made our debut as a duck shooter on a Western prairie. Born and bred almost within the sound of the breakers on " New England's rock-bound coast," we had been taught to believe that the shore birds Limicolae were, with few exceptions, confined to the seaboard, and when we saw large flocks of several species of these birds feeding on the prairies we could scarcely believe our eyes, nor would anything short of a dead speci- men in hand satisfy us of our errors. A golden plover (Charadrius virginicus, Borck.) was secured and found to be identical in every particular with the golden plover of the Atlantic coast ; and, notwith- standing Professor Baird had many years earlier declared their habitat to be " all of North America, and visiting also other continents," we could not somehow seem to realize the fact that they were so abundant at so great a distance from the seashore. Other species were also observed, notably 380 SUPPLEMENT. sickle-billed curlew (Numenius longirostris, Wils.), Esquimaux curlew (Numenius borealis, Lath.), summer yellow-legs (Totanus flavipes, Vieill.), and pectoral sand-pipers- (Tringa pectoralis, Say.). We endeavored to glean from intelligent gunners of that region some information relating to the habits, food, migrations, etc., of these birds, but our labors in this direction were vain and futile. The fact was patent that no one cared to waste time or ammunition on such "small birds " as plover or curlew when deer, swan, geese, ducks, and their congeners were abundant in every direction. Another very serious obstacle in the way of our inquiries was encountered, viz., synonymy, We found it very difficult to make ourselves understood when under- taking to describe a particular species, so very different are the local names of birds. Sportsmen, as a general rule, are quick, keen, and intelligent,, but not always literary people, and in the absence of scientific terms some common platform upon which both parties could stand our progress was very slow and unsatisfactory. We cannot always account for the origin or introduction and retention of such a diversity of common names for our feathered friends. It certainly is a great barrier to the acquisition of knowledge upon these topics. Names that are familiar as household words in one section are entirely unknown in another. It is about as perplexing as when two persons speaking different languages attempt to carry on a conversation. For instance, the first bird we have named above was not known in the West where we were located as a plover at all, but as a "prairie pigeon." The turnstone in Massachusetts is commonly called " chicken bird," but elsewhere " calico back." A pectoral sandpiper in our section is "jack snipe," and in others "krieker," "grass snipe," etc. One often hears in the West, or even on Long Island, the name " Dowitcher," but that cognomen would not be recognized in Massachusetts as referring to red-breasted snipe (Macror- hamphus griseus, Leach), but if the bird was called " brown back," he would be instantly acknowledged. A " redbreast " (Tringa canutus, Linn.) is variously known as "robin snipe," " grayback " and "knot." The marlin of the West is the marble godwit (Limosa fedoa, Ord.) of the East, and so on ad infinitum. This unhappy state of affairs should no longer exist. We have monetary, railroad, religious, and other conferences to harmonize conflicting interests or opinions, fix values and establish rules of action. Why not have a national or universal conference to establish a uniform nomenclature for our birds ? Possibly the urbane individual who occupies the editorial chair of Forest and Stream, and exercises a sort of autocratic influence over the sportsmen of this country, would undertake to bring about this much-needed reform. Whoever shall accomplish this will receive the gratitude of thousands of sportsmen, and his name would go down to posterity as a RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 381 benefactor to the race. The past ten or fifteen years has witnessed a vast improvement in our sporting literature and knowledge of birds. The works of Baird, Brewer, Coues, and the rest will ever stand as proud monuments of their labors and successes. Much more is to be done. The field is still open. May we not hope the future will raise up laborers worthy to wear the mantle of their predecessors and to carry forward the work so nobly begun ? We puzzled over this matter of the shore birds for many years, trying to discover some satisfactory theory that would account for their move- ments and idiosyncracies. Why should certain species divide, one part going up the Valley of the Mississippi and the other via the Atlantic coast, to their northern breeding grounds? Why should some numerous species all together follow the former and others the latter route ? Again, why do some of them proceed by the one route and return by the other? The inquiry seemed to lead to the conclusion that golden plover, Esquimaux curlew, summer yellow-legs, and a few other species, did take the broad valley of the " Father of Waters " for a highway northward in spring, but that the great mass of the adults did not return by the same road. A few of each species of young, or such as do not breed, may return by the route indicated. Then it was ascertained that the above- named species did not appear on the Atlantic coast in spring-time, but that all of them were abundant in autumn, both old and young. With the birds, as with ourselves, food supply is of the most vital importance. If we study the habits of these birds in relation to their food, we shall find, to some extent, that the species that travel up the Mississippi Valley are of the class that run about on the fields and prairies, and pick up such worms, grubs, and insects as are found on the surface of the ground, while those that follow the seashore feed mostly on such marine worms and insects as lie buried in the moist sand or mud, which must be obtained by plunging in the bill and wrenching the savory morsel from its hiding place. But in order to study carefully the habits, food, and peculiarities of the shore birds, we must be among them, or with them must seek some locality where they can easily be observed during the season of their migrations and, if the reader will go with us early in April to the easterly shores of New England, say to Cape Cod, the most prominent point on the whole coast, and the one where most of the migrants that follow the coast line must show themselves, we will take our stand there and "see what we shall see " of these birds as they pass along. Of the swimming birds (Natatores}, and the other orders, we have at present nothing to do, nor shall we speak of such waders (Grallatores) as are not considered worthy the attention of sportsmen, or, in other words, our remarks will refer only to such of the waders as visit the sea- shore, and will add something to our supply of food. 382 SUPPLEMENT. The winter residents, the snow buntings (Embereza nzvatis, Linn.), and the shore larks (Alauda atyestris, Foster), have barely bid adieu to the land of their sojourn and set out for their more northern homes, when the spring season is ushered in by the soft plaintive note of the piping plover (sEgialitis melodus, Cab.) and the shrill tones of the ring- neck (dEgialitis semipalmatus, Cab.). The former is a summer resident, and rears its young within the doleful sound of the fog horn on Pollock Rip. Possibly the latter may have bred here in Colonial times, but rarely, if at all, in later years. They do not seem to be as gregarious in spring as most of the other shore birds, nor is either species very numerous. They lead an industrious life, running about upon the dry sand more than most of this order, and seem to feed on sand fleas and such other insects as they find there. By the middle of April, in a for- ward season, will be heard the peculiarly curved and inspiriting triple note of the winter yellow-leg (Totanus melanoleucus, Vieill.), and if we take a stroll down over' the low marshes, we shall be likely to see a solitary individual or small flock feeding on the little minnows that are so numer- ous along the ditches and marshy inlets at high tide. Sometimes they resort to the sand flats, but do not seem to pick up any food there ; nor is this their usual feeding ground. They breed pretty much all over the country, and are common in winter as far north as the Carolinas. Another early visitant is the red-backed sandpiper or winter snipe (Tringa alpina var. americana, Cass.). Not numerous in spring, but quite so in fall. They are abundant at Lake Ontario and further west about the middle of May, and will be found all winter in Virginia, at Currituck Sound, and points further south, where they are regarded as winter residents. They feed on the flats and around the lake shores, much the same as do sanderlings and other members of the group. In the Hebrides they mix with the golden plover and are called "plover's pages." About the loth of May the least sandpiper (Tringa pusilla, Wils.) comes gliding along, trilling its cheerful, gleesome notes. There are two possibly three species or varieties of these graceful little creatures, commonly called "peeps." The above species is designated as a "marsh peep," has olive or yellow bill and feet, and feeds around little pools on the marshes, or on mud patches. The other species, " sand peep " ( Tringa semipalmata, Wils.), is larger, lighter color, and more gregarious than his little cousin of the marshes: has black feet and bill, feeds on the sand flats and spits, though they sometimes go on to the marshes as do the others on to the sand flats. They retire at high tide with the other shore birds to the high beaches for safety or rest, but return as soon as the tide ebbs sufficiently to allow them to feed. They are very industrious, running about, punching their bills into the sand in search of food, devouring only the choicest specimens of worms or minute RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 383 mollusks, always in a hurry, and by the ist of June scarcely any will be seen in this vicinity. The sanderling (Calidris arenaria, 111.) is another numerous species, which arrives about the same time of the preceding. They are quite gregarious, feeding along the edges of tide-water much the same as the peeps, and exhibiting about the same nervous energy in searching for food. By May 2oth we shall begin to hear the dual whistling note of the red- breasted sandpiper ( Tringa canutus, Linn.), which is hailed with delight by such gunners as enjoy slaughtering them at this season of the year. Usually they are in large flocks hurrying along, stopping but a few days to feed and rest. Nor will many be seen after the ist or fth of June. They have a penchant for " horsefoot " eggs, and display considerable ingenuity in discovering these delicate morceaux, as they lie buried in the sand. When any particular spot is suspected, they commence scratching a la hen, and poking out the eggs with their bills. Turn- stones seem as well to enjoy the rich repast, often joining in the search, and, when found, a free fight ensues to see who shall possess the prize. Canutus also feeds on the insects, fish-spawn, and other glutinous sub- stances found at low tide attached to eel grass and other aquatic plants. It is presumed they go very far north to breed, as they are abundant all the way from the Great Lakes to Cape Breton and the Magdalen Islands, or more to the eastward than most of the shore birds. The adult males begin to return about the 26th of July, followed by the females, and still later by the young, who do not all retire before the forepart of October. Strepsilas interpres, 111., with as many aliases as a pickpocket, is still a very clever little fellow, but hardly belongs to any family. They arrive about the ifth of May, not in large flocks, but singly or in groups of three or four individuals, feeding along the edge of the tide, or diligently turning over small stones or pebbles, exploring every nook and corner to find any tiny crab, flea, or worm that may lie secreted there. They are not particularly shy birds, and as they decoy well, are easily killed from blinds or stands, though their call note is ever so hard to imitate. Early in August they come straggling along back, feeding much as in spring, nor do they ever go on to the marshes or fields, except when driven by wind or tide. The black-breasted plover beetle-head (Squatarola helvetica, Cuv.) is the largest of the plover family. The date fixed for their arrival in some sportsmen's calendar is May 16, though in a favorable season they appear a few days earlier. Their round, full note is the " sportsmen's joy," though we have for years protested against the slaughter of these noble birds just as they are on the verge of the breeding season. Every true sportsman must feel in autumn at what a fearful cost he gets a few days' shooting in spring. Every year the " bay birds " are getting 384 SUPPLEMENT. scarcer and scarcer, until it is even now almost impossible to make a respectable "bag." One gets hardly enough to call it sport. Legisla- tive authority has been invoked, but very little wisdom has been ex- hibited by that august body in framing laws to protect these birds. Often has a blush mantled our cheeks, as we have been reminded of the stupidity of our legislatures in making it a crime to kill the least of the shore birds, a peep, while any pot-hunter may slaughter blackbreasts, redbreasts, chicken-birds, winter yellow-legs, and Wilson's snipe to his heart's content, without fear of molestation, all through the spring migrations ! At this season of the year all of the order are socially inclined, as it is their wooing and pairing season, when they are often in large flocks, easily decoyed, and then the serried columns are cut down; nay, slaughtered by thousands, ruthlessly, by hands whose love of greed has conquered their better judgment. It requires no prophet to come and tell us that if we destroy the birds in spring time just as they are about to lay their eggs, they will not return with their offspring in the fall. Beetle-heads do not go on to the fields or pastures, but keep down on the beach or sand flats, where they find an abundance of long, depressed worms, with many legs, upon which they feed. They are, as their food would indicate, more of a shore than inland bird, though very likely a few may wander away as far west as Iowa. The plovers, in common with the other shore birds, belong to the class called pracoces, i. e. run about in search of food as soon as hatched and, therefore, require much less attention from their parents than do Altrices. The paternal rela- tive reposing great confidence in the energy and skill of his spouse to protect and nurse the callow brood, literally deserts his home and family, and wanders away back, the wretch, possibly to fall a victim to some breech-loader on Cape Cod at the very spot where, in spring, he was observed so attentive to his youthful bride on their northern tour. The willet or humility (Symphemia semipalmaia, Hart.) arrives, often paired, toward the end of May; not abundant. Breeds in this latitude and even much further south. They are scattered over the western States down to the Gulf of Mexico and the West India Islands, where many of them pass the winter. They go on to the marshes at high tide, but feed along the edge of the water on minnows, crabs, and marine insects. More of an inland bird, frequenting wet places on the prairies and around pond holes. Not regarded of much value for food. Occa- sionally we shall see marbled godwit (Limosa fedoa, Ord.) strolling about on the sand or mud flats, plunging their long, stout bills in up to their eyes in search of small worms that are teeming there in great variety. It is alleged that they devour small fish and fiddler crabs. They do not go on to upland fields, but at high tide retire with their congeners to the sand dunes. Abundant in the neighborhood of Oregon RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 385 Inlet, and further west in summer. Quiet in their manners, not flying about as much as some of the other waders. Were formerly quite plentiful in New England, but for the last decade have been scarce. The other godwit (Limosa Hudsonica, Swain.), better known here as "spot rump," is very rare in spring; has much the same manner and habits as the preceding, but is more likely to be caught out in an easterly storm, and driven on to our coast with golden plover, than his stalwart relative, Limosa fedou, which would seem to indicate an eastern or Atlantic route for their southern migrations. The vernal season will scarcely bring us acquaintance with sickle- billed curlew (Numenius longirostris> Wils.), though a straggler may occasionally be seen. These birds hardly go as far east as the Magda- len Islands or Labrador, come on to our coast in small flocks in the fall, and linger about the high beaches, dry marshes, and along the wind- rows of seaweed which have been washed up by the tide, where they gormandize on black crickets and flies which they are very expert in capturing. They are said to roost at night on these heaps of seaweed. They sometimes betake themselves to the sand flats where they occa- sionally indulge in a stray minnow, paltry crab, or juvenile insect. Well distributed over the continent, they are believed to breed as far south as Virginia. They are plenty all winter on Savannah River, and are there called "fish ducks" by the natives, but are not esteemed of value for table use. They feed there more on the marshes, and retire to adjacent islands to roost. Being heavy, clumsy creatures, they are, many of them, presumed to pass the winter within the territorial limits of the United States. Toward the end of May a few short billed or jack curlew (Numenius Hudsonicus, Lath.) may be seen, like their congeneric relative with the long, decurved rostrum, running about on the high beach, picking up black crickets, small snails, and crabs. Both species have been scarce for many years. Of the snipe family we have a beautiful representative in (Macror- hamphus griseus, Leach). It is not numerous in spring, but is quite so in summer, and easily bagged. They are not here generally called red-breasted snipe, but " brown backs.' 1 They stick their long bills into the mud or sand flats presumably to frighten out the insects and worms that lie burrowed there, so that they may be easily captured. Very likely their sense of smell is so acute that they are able to strike at once their prey. Their sojourn to their breeding ground is very brief, scarcely more than six weeks. The adult males begin to return in considerable numbers about the loth or ijth of July, and by the end of August, both young and old have winged their way toward equatorial regions. There is another beautiful plump little bird (Tringa maculata, Vieill.) well-known on our coast in summer and autumn under various cogno- 386 SUPPLEMENT. mens, as "jack snipe," "krieker," "grass bird," etc., but they are rarely, if ever, seen in the spring. The advancing columns occupy the broad Valley of the Mississippi, especially that portion of it lying nearest to sunset. As this interesting species is not a spring visitant at Cape Cod, it hardly comes within the scope of these notes, and yet we cannot refrain from a passing remark, particularly as there seems to be a wide discrepancy of opinion in relation to it. The best observers, with whom we have come in contact, declare there are two distinct species or varieties, though none of the books recognize two. One is ever smaller, more delicate, and produces a finer, softer, gentler note than the other, which is more robust and utters a strong, shrill, trilling, whistling note. A casual observer would, most likely, pronounce them old and young; but there is such constant divergence as to preclude the possibility of harmony in one species. The habits of the two species are quite similar. Their usual place of abode is on the bare spots or amidst the short grass or mossy places on the marshes, where they seem to feed on flies, insects, and mollusks, and become very fat, so much so that they are often called "fat birds." They rarely go on to the sand flats or pastures, nor do they seem to be as sensitive to cold as some of the shore birds, and although they begin to be seen as early as the 2oth of July, they do not all bid farewell to these friendly feeding grounds till into November. They are abundant in Chile and other parts of South America. There are a few other species represented at this point, such as buff- breasted sandpiper (Tringa rufescens, Cab.), curlew sandpiper (Tringa subarquata, Temm.), Bonaparte's sandpiper (Tringa Bonapartii, Schleg.), stilt sandpiper (Micropolama himantopus, Baird), purple sand- piper (Tringa maritima, Brunn.), and possibly a few others, including two or three of the phalaropes, but none of these are in such numbers as to be attractive to sportsmen or receive any special notice in this connection. It will also be observed we have made no mention of golden plover, Esquimaux curlew or summer yellow-legs ( Tetanus fla- vipes, Bon.), simply because they are not constant visitants to our shores in spring, though the latter does appear here exceptionally. Mr. C., a very keen observer of the habits of birds, informs us that during a period of seventy-five years himself and father had been in the field, they had seen only three summer yellow-legs and but two golden plover in spring. Mr. B., who has been for forty years a gunner on this coast, has seen but one golden plover at this season. But let us step over to the Mississippi Valley and take a seat beside our intelligent friend and naturalist, Dr. N., of Fort Dodge, Iowa, and listen to his discourse, and we shall discover quite a different state of things. He will inform us that early in spring sickle-billed curlew and marbled godwits arrive paired, breed in the neighborhood, and disappear in July, or as early as the young are fledged and can take care of them- RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 387 selves, and are seen no more till the following spring. Undoubtedly portions of both species go to much more northern breeding grounds. The offspring of the previous year arrive a little later than the adults, in flocks, and remain so all summer, as they do not propagate till the second year. The young return by the same road they came. The curlew feed on dry plain or prairie land, while the godwits betake themselves to the fens or boggy places, where they can force their long, stout bills into the soft mud for worms, after the manner of woodcock. Willet arrive singly or in small groups. Not abundant. Breed. The Hudsonian godwits come along in large flocks, sojourn for a brief period, and then push on further north to breed, nor are they seen again till the next year. Kill- deer (sEgialttts vociferus, Cass.), called here "dotterel," are abundant summer residents in fact, they breed pretty generally over the conti- nent. The little sandpiper ( Tringa minutilla, Vieill.) is also a summer resident and breeds. The white-rumped sandpiper (T. Bonapartii) is quite common, breeds here as well as further north, and returns with the two preceding. There are two of the dowitchers (M. griseus, Leach, and M. scolopaceus, Law.). Both appear in closely compacted flocks in May, tarry but a short time, when they are drawn to their northern and more secluded nesting places. The first named make their return trip mostly via the Atlantic coast, while the last named return by the same route they advanced. From the ist to the loth of May, just as the young and tender grass begins to grow, one may see immense flocks of golden plover sweeping along like an invading army. They are attracted to newly burned prairie lands, which seem to furnish an abundance of little hard worms upon which they feed. They also frequent the newly ploughed fields or those just sowed with wheat. They are less numerous now than they were forty years ago, when, as we are informed, the farmers in many places believed they devoured a great part of the seed wheat, and poisonous grains were scattered for the purpose of destroying them. As the birds do not belong to the gizzard tribe Gallinae we doubt if the allegation can be sustained. They probably go to the freshly upturned fields in quest of larvae and grubs that are injurious to the wheat crop, and are really friends and co-workers with the farmer, as are most of the feathered tribes, rather than his enemies. They do not, however, tarry many days, but proceed to their extreme boreal breeding grounds, nor do they, except a few youngsters "pale bellies" return by the valley route. Accompanying and mingling freely with the golden plover are the Esquimaux curlew, or dough-birds, in great numbers. Their habits are very similar to those of their co-migrants, but they do not get as fat. Still they are slaughtered by thousands, barreled and shipped to Eastern markets. A few only of the young return. Upland plover (Actiturus bartramius, Bon.) come paired, breed, and retire early. In New England they rear their young on the grassy slopes 388 SUPPLEMENT. of high hills, where they remain till the middle of July, when they retreat to the river bottoms, intervales, or dry salt marshes and plains, where they feed on grasshoppers and crickets till about the I5th of August, when they silently depart. Their line of flight is not confined to the seaboard, and both old and young of this species travel in company. They are a very shy bird, as any one who has attempted to hunt them will vouch, taxing his utmost skill, and even then will most likely defeat the object of his ambition. One of the most successful sportsmen and best shots in this section, Mr. T., informs us and we insert this bit of secrecy here as a douceur to our disappointed brethren who have tried in vain to circumvent one of these wary creatures that he hunts them " down wind," and as soon as one rises on his wing, he (T.) drops close to the ground. The bird's " bump " of curiosity is developed about equal to a black duck's, and not seeing any one there apparently imagines he has been duped, or, as we say, " fooled " ; and not being willing to be laughed at by his fellows, who are feeding undisturbed over the fields, he approaches the spot from whence came his " scare," and as he comes "quiddling" along, trilling his alarm note, when in the right place, the gun is seized and in a trice the victim falls nearly at the feet of the gun- ner. He instantly drops again and remains quiescent till the birds have recovered from their fright, when he proceeds as before. On one occa- sion he discovered seventeen of these birds, in a pasture of only a few acres on a hill, and in less than two hours, in this way, retreating and working the ground over several times, he killed the entire seventeen ! Winter yellow-legs appear in moderate quantities, nest here, and further north, and return. Summer yellow-legs (Totanusflavipes, Bon.^ also arrive early in considerable numbers, but push on further north as soon as the season will permit. Their southern journey is mostly by some other and more easterly route. The red-backed sandpiper T. alpina, better known here as "dunlin," is a regular visitant, though not in large numbers ; breeds further north. The little solitary sandpiper, "tip up," is common here as in most other parts of the country. Beetle- headed plover, red-breasted sandpiper, sanderlings, and jack curlew, although occasional visitants in this locality, are not as abundant as they are further east. We are inclined to the opinion that most of these birds that pass down the Valley of the Mississippi, being either imma- ture or heavy flyers, as for instance, sickle-billed curlew and the god- wits, spend the winter in the Gulf States, Mexico, or Central America. It must be apparent to the reader, from the foregoing, that certain species of shore birds pass up the Mississippi Valley in spring, but do not return by that broad highway. It will moreover be seen that the species that do not return by that road are abundant on the Atlantic coast in autumn. If these premises hold, the conclusion is inevitable, that they go very far north to breed, swing over to the eastern shores, RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 389 where they recuperate, and then proceed on their southern journey. We propose, however, to introduce some testimony in support of this hypothesis. There is, to the northward of the Great Lakes and to the eastward of the Rocky Mountain Range, a vast, unexplored territory, within whose boundaries are mountains, valleys, prairies, and marshes. Nestling away in the quiet bosom of the mountains, or sleeping gently in the valleys, are many lakes and ponds, sources of numerous rivers, possible highways for future commerce. Thither for countless ages the feathered migrants have wandered in search of that solitude, that entire immunity from dangerous contact with man, not accorded them in later years along our frontiers. Here, too, must be found abundance of food suited to the wants of both old and young. Possibly this may have something to do with their line of flight. If it should be found that this region produced food peculiarly adapted to their tastes, they would very likely take the shorter route via Mississippi Valley to reach it, rather than travel away round the Atlantic coast, Labrador, etc., and moreover it is well known that most of the shore birds resort to fresh-water lakes and marshes to rear their young. That they do populate this whole region, reaching the Arctic shores in large numbers, is attested by the explorers who have visited that inhospitable country. For many years naturalists have recognized these birds as belonging to Arctic fauna. In July, 1771, near the mouth of Coppermine River, Hearne writes : " In the pools saw swan and geese in a moulting state, and on the marshes some curlew and plovers." Alexander Fisher, in giving an account of Parry's first voyage, 1819-20, saw at Baffin's Bay, "red phalarope and ring plover," and at Winter Harbor, latitude 74.47, longitude 110.48, " shot a golden plover," and July 16, he adds: "A few ptarmigan, plover, sanderlings, and snow buntings were all the land birds that were seen." Again, at the Melville Islands, June 12, " saw several golden plover." Sir J. Richardson, while at Wolloston Land, wrote as follows : " On the first of June, bees, sand- pipers, long-tailed ducks, caccawees, eiders, and king ducks and northern divers were seen." Again, May 15: "The yellow warblers feed on the alpine arbutus, as did likewise the golden plover, whose stomachs also contained the juicy fruit of the Empetrum nigrum. The Eskimo cur- lew at this time feed on large ants." McClure, while the " Investigator" was packed in the ice at Prince of Wales Straits, latitude 70 degrees, after making several excursions reported the following: "The plover and phalaropes and buntings here rear their young untroubled by man around the margins of petty lakes." Dr. Kane speaks of seeing snipe at Renssalaer Bay, June 16, 1851, also at Cornwallis Island, September 4, 1850. Dr. Hayes saw the same species at Port Foulke, June 8, 1861. Mr. C. B. Cory, author of the charming little volume, entitled "A Naturalist in the Magdalen Islands," informs us he has the eggs of the the golden plover taken at the northern extremity of Hudsons Bay, and that they are common there. 390 SUPPLEMENT. The above references will, we think, be sufficient to satisfy the average mind that the birds do reach very high latitudes in considerable numbers, and that they breed there. The enervating duty of nidifying, laying, incubating, and rendering unto the juvenile specimens such brief care and protection as the mothers of prcecoces might be expected to bestow, seems to generate a desire for a journey to some fashionable watering-place. Possibly the food, they find so abundant earlier around the lakes or marshes, now gives out, or their tastes change and they hanker after marine worms, or the berries of the coast, and they set out upon the journey to Baffin's Bay, Smith's Sound, or Labrador, where they again regale themselves in the fresh bracing air of that isolated region. There are hundreds of miles, up and down the coast of Labra- dor, of low plain lands, which produce great quantities of berry-bearing shrubs. Some of these berries are not unlike our blueberries, only larger. They are called by the natives "gallou berries," and the birds that feed on them " gallou birds," probably a corruption of curlew. The berries are also called "rotten apples." Upon these berries the Esqui- maux curlew and dough-birds feed. Dr. Coues, in his observations in Labrador, in 1860, says of these birds: "Their food consists almost entirely of the cowberry (Empetrum nigrum), which grows on the hill- sides in astonishing profusion. It is also called the ' bear berry ' and ' curlew berry.' It is a small berry, of a deep purple color, almost black, growing upon a procumbent-running kind of heath, the foliage of which has a peculiar moss-like appearance. This is their principal and favorite food, and the whole intestines, the vent, the legs, the bill, throat, and even the plumage, are more or less stained with the deep purple juice. They are also very fond of a species of small snail that adheres to the rocks in immense quantities, to procure which they frequent the land- washes at low tide." The birds as far south as Cape Cod, when shot, still have the anal and tibial feathers discolored by the excrements. We are informed by shipmasters and fishermen, who have often visited the coast of Labrador, that the birds come stringing along down over the mountains and hills on to the plains in myriads to feed on these berries. There are no towns away up on the coast, but a few scattered Esqui- maux huts, where the hardy fishermen go ashore to cure their fish, and it is during these visits that the observations are made. The old birds, after resting awhile, move on to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Magdalen Islands, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia, and thence southward, to give place to the young that must soon follow. Mr. Cory reports "young dough-birds are due here, Magdalen Islands, about 8th September; young golden plover come about 2oth September." A friend at Newfoundland writes: "Snipe, sanderlings, and yellow- legs are plenty the latter breed." Thinks the Esquimaux curlew breed at Labrador. They are so plenty the fishermen kill them and salt RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 391 them up in barrels. They arrive at Labrador before they reach New- foundland in millions, so that they darken the sky as they rise. Large flocks of sanderlings and grass-birds arrive late in the fall. He believes the birds go to Prince Edward Island, and thence to South America. Another good authority remarks as follows : "At the Magdalen Islands millions of golden plover and dough-birds come every year, in August and September. They feed on the uplands, and go on to the high beach at night to roost. So plenty are they that on a dark night one with a lantern and stick may kill bushels of them." The same party reports seeing, in 1864, as late as October, on the coast from Chediac to Dal- housie, immense numbers of these birds. Mr. E., an intelligent mer- chant of Boston, informs us he has visited Prince Edward Island for nine consecutive years, and has failed but twice to get good shooting. They have a "flight " of birds there on an east wind just the same as at Cape Cod. Is of the opinion that birds feeding in a certain field this year unmolested will return the next year to the same field. In one day he shot green plover, Esquimaux curlew, and summer yellow-legs in a field where, as he alleges, they came to feed on herds-grass seed. Many of the birds reach the Bay of Fundy by crossing the narrow belt of land from Straits of Northumberland. If the birds strike boldly out to sea from Nova Scotia in a southerly direction, as it is very clear they do, it would carry them to the Lesser Antilles. Now, it is settled beyond a peradventure, that they do have a "flight" there just the same as at Newfoundland and Cape Cod. From the Barbadoes, the most windward of the Windward Islands, we have the most positive assurance of a "flight." One of the memorable events recorded in the almanac of the island is: "September 12, 1846, great flight of plovers." The United States Consul at that place writes us in reference to this matter, October 29, 1878: "By all accounts the island was covered with them. They were killed in the streets with sticks." The following from a reliable source is so clear and pertinent we venture to quote entire : " I have seen none of the birds myself, only what we call grass-birds, but by all accounts they come here the last of August and first of September till October, a few, but at no other time of the year. My idea is that they take a due south course from New- foundland and Nova Scotia. When they go back in the spring the trade winds are strong from northeast, and they are blown more to the westward, and strike Georgia and the Carolinas, and so make their way north to go over it again." Further on he remarks : " I have seen some black-breasted plover and yellow-legs. They are very tired when they arrive here ; so tired sometimes, they can't stand up." Again, he writes, as if to corroborate his previous statement that they take a " ' bee line ' for the West Indies. I was coming home (to Boston) from Europe one voyage and passed large flocks 300 miles from land, going south, in September." 892 SUPPLEMENT. Captain informs our friend E. that one autumn he saw thousands of plover in the Gulf Stream, nearly 500 miles from land, skip- ping about and lighting in the water and on accumulated seaweed and other vegetable matter. He is quite sure the birds go by this route to South America. Other shipmasters have made similar statements. It must, however, be understood that when these people who are not nat- uralists speak of " plover," they are liable to refer to any of the marsh or shore birds. In order to make it more clear that most of the shore birds do visit the Barbadoes, we insert the following extract from the History of the Island, kindly furnished us by Captain P., the Consul at that place: "The number of indigenous species (of birds) do not amount to fifteen. About forty species and varieties arrive toward the end of August, and merely alight on their passage to some more distant land. . . . If during this period a southerly wind and rain prevails, they alight, whereas fine weather tempts them to continue their progress. . . . The greater part are then seen to fly very high, and to keep their course direct to the east. . . . The black-breasted plover (C. Virginicus~)\?> the most numerous. The male appears about the 25th of August, and the female (young ?) which is called in Barbadoes the 'white-breast plover,' after the flight of the male has ceased, about the middle of September." Here is a partial list of the migrants that come to the islands: " Squatarola helvetica, Linn.; C. Virginicus, Borck.; C. semipalmatus, Kaup. ; Strepsilas interprcs, Linn.; Numenius hud- sonicus, Lath. ; Numenius borealis, Gml. ; Totanus flavipes, Gml. ; Tetanus chloropygius, Vieill.; Tringoides macularius, Gray; Tringa &artramia,'Wi\s.; Tringa canutus, Linn. ; Tringa pectoralis, Say; Tringa pusilla, Wils. ; Macrorhamphus griseus, Leach ; Gallinago IVilsoni, Bon." On departing from the Windward Islands the birds take an easterly direction, which would, if persisted in, carry them to the coast of Africa in fact, it is a prevailing opinion among the inhabitants that the birds do go to that continent, nor do we presume the distance would be a insurmountable barrier. Other considerations oppose the conjecture. They would be likely there to meet allied European species and frater- nize with them, and either be carried there or bring back those they met, and in course of time lose their identity; nor is any such return flight ever witnessed. The reason of their taking an easterly course in setting out upon the long voyage is, probably, to overcome drift of the " trade winds." If they are to reach Guiana, or even pass Cape St. Rogue, a distance of 2,000 miles, with a quartering current of fifteen knots on set- ting out, they must start up into the wind or they will impinge the conti- nent far to the westward of their objective point. Any one who has ever seen a skilful oarsman cross a rapid stream must have observed that he always heads his boat up stream in starting, or he would resell the RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 393 opposite shore far below the place intended. But the birds, in their migrations, are not circumscribed in such narrow limits as the Lesser Antilles. Their range embraces nearly the whole of the West India Islands. A letter from C. W. H., of Turk's Island, is of such general interest that we make from it a very liberal extract : " Golden plover, sometimes in large numbers, a few upland plover and curlew also arrive here from the north regularly about the end of August or 1st of Septem- ber, and remain with us generally from four to six weeks, although a few stragglers stop a little longer. If these latter happen to be golden plover, after a short time they lose their yellow and pretty-marked dark-mottled plumage, and don a gray suit of feathers, looking like quite a different bird from what they did when they first arrived here, and are then some- times called 'gray plover.' These birds go south from us, and they evidently pursue some other route going north, as we never see them taking flight in that direction. I have often heard old sea captains re- mark that they saw flocks of these birds in the autumn going south, but never in a single instance have they met them going north at any time of year." Mr. C. B. Cory, in " Birds of the Bahama Islands," gives a similar list to that of the Barbadoes, but under somewhat different synonyms. He does not, however, recognize the godwits, cur'ew, Tringa bartramia, or Tringa canutus, as visitants of the Bahamas, nor are the former found in the Barbadoes catalogue. The godwits and sickle-billed curlew are rather clumsy flying birds, and it is possible very few reach these remote islands, but Tringa bartramia (Wils.), Tringa cauntus, and Numenius borealis are among the migrants whose " range " is the widest of all the shore birds, and we cannot account for their non-observance on any other ground than by supposing that at the time of his arrival, late in Decem- ber, these birds had mostly departed south. He had to rely on the authority of Dr. Bryant, Mr. Moore and others, for information of these birds during their migrating season, September and October. His winter observations lead him to believe that a few of several species each pass the winter on those lovely islands. He does not, however, seem to find any of them abundant at that season, except, the two least sandpipers, nor do they, to any extent, remain on the islands to breed in summer. As a rule, they all go north to breed, and they also go further south to pass the winter. A straggler may be occasionally found in winter, even as far north as New England, but this is an exception to the general rule. Their return trip in spring is very far to the westward of these islands, and, of course, would not be observed at that season. Mr. F. A. Ober, in his admirable work, entitled " Camps in the Caribees," enumerates seventeen species of these waders as "birds of the Lesser Antilles," all of which come from the United States. He does not seem to have met either of the godwits, Tringa canu/us, M. 394 SUPPLEMENT. griseus, or Numenius borealis. Why he did not meet with them is a marvel, especially the last named, which elsewhere travels in company with C. VirginicuS) and is recognized by other authorities as a visitant to adjacent islands. Possibly at the period of their passage he was in the mountains securing some rarer specimens of that region. But most of the Limicolae do reach these islands, a part of them coming in a "bee line " from Newfoundland, and a part coasting along down to the Carolinas, dropping off on the road as inclination or strength might dictate, and striking out southeast till they reach the Windward Islands, where again they join the columns from the north. It would not be at variance with the facts herein collated to suppose that the birds that set out upon the lonely journey from Newfoundland or Nova Scotia would pass to the eastward of the Bermudas while those that pursue the coast line, if caught out in a westerly gale, would be blown on to that group. A letter from a reliable gentleman (W. W. D.), residing on one of the Bermudas, informs us " the plover and curlew, before the country was so broken up for agricultural purposes, were quite plenty in large flocks about the marshes and valleys, but now they are quite scarce. Gener- ally make their appearance about September and October. They always show themselves after a strong westerly gale." He also incloses Lieutenant Dennison's list of 179 species of birds that visit the islands. The list is very complete and covers about all the migratory waders that visit the east coast of North America and West Indies, except winter yellow-legs, sickle-billed curlew and great marbled godwits. We would like how to take the reader back to Cape Cod, if he has not already had Cape Cod ad nauseam, and see what effect an easterly storm has on the birds there. If for three or four days during the flight period there happens to be a strong northeast wind, attended by considerable rainfall or fog, we are almost sure to get a " flight " of birds. Possibly we could not better illustrate this than by the recital of an instance that occurred under our own observation. On the 2pth of August, 1863, we made a trip to Chatham, Cape Cod, for the purpose of enjoying several days' plover shooting. The weather was fine, with a westerly wind, and birds very scarce in fact, the outlook for shooting was gloomy in the extreme. In a couple of days, however, the wind hauled to the eastward and blew fresh, attended by a dense thick fog and considerable rain. Toward evening of the 3d of September, the deflected line of golden plover and Esquimaux curlew struck the shore and were at once driven to the fields or pastures. A few gunners happened to be there, and seventy-seven of the birds were bagged. All night long the birds could be heard crying and calling to each other for help. There were some eight or ten gunners stopping at the same house, and of course there was a great deal of excitement and confusion getting ready for the morrow's slaughter. Long before the golden light had tinged the eastern horizon RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 395 the next morning, breakfast was dispatched, lunch baskets packed, ammunition snugly bestowed there were no breech-loaders then teams were at the door ready to take and distribute the parties in the various fields from one to four miles distant. Quite early the birds came rushing along in the wildest confusion, but paid very little attention to the decoys or call notes. Those that did alight seemed perfectly bewil- dered and stared about as much as to say, " Where are we ? " "What has happened ? " Flock after flock went rushing along, pellmell, as best they could in a gale of wind, till night fortunately overtook the weary birds and their pursuers. The parties drove back to the house one after the other, and spread out the contents of their "bags" upon the floor 281 golden plover and Esquimaux curlew, together with a few beetle heads ! It was a grand sight ! Of course there was some pretty tall talking done on that memorable night. We would not vouch for the truth of all the stories that were told. A slight deviation, a little just a little exaggeration upon such an occasion is pardonable. There was about as little sleeping done in that house that night as was ever done in a house of its size. Well, teams had been ordered for the next day (September 5th), with every prospect of favorable results, when, lo ! the wind had shifted to the northwest ! It was a cool, crisp, bracing morning, and scarcely a bird to be seen anywhere. This little narrative will show how dependent we are at this point upon an easterly storm for golden plover and curlew shooting. It so happens that for years there will not be at the proper time a storm sufficient to throw the birds on to the land, and, of course, there will be no shooting during those years. In this instance, had the birds not been on the wing to the east- ward of Cape Cod, they would not have been blown on to the land by a wind from that quarter. A change during the night enabled them to escape "westlin winds and slaughtering guns," nor did they wait for day- light or lunch. On departing they take a southeasterly course evidently to get back on to their line of travel as soon as possible. A " flight " of birds is liable to occur anywhere up and down the coast during the migrating season, when the wind and other conditions are favorable. Mr. S., afterward, " His Honor, the Mayor " of Portland, writes October, 1878: "There was the most immense flight of golden plover and Esquimaux curlew on a Sunday, the last of August, I ever knew on the coast, during a sudden storm, but a northwester following closely, they all disappeared." The same stories are told at Currituck Sound and other points along the coast. If then the line of flight of these birds is due south from Newfoundland for a period of six weeks, and if during that time an easterly gale prevails, the results will be as we have stated. Several trustworthy fishermen, who are excellent sportsmen as well, and who have often been cod-fishing off George's Banks, seventy miles east of Cape Cod, inform us they have frequently seen golden plover and 396 SUPPLEMENT. dough-birds there in large flocks, always mixed up together, going south, and for weeks, when not too foggy, there was scarcely a moment when one or more flocks were not visible. Captain B. wrote us from Cien- fuegos, June 23d: "On the passage (from Boston) May 27th, forty miles southeast from Nantucket, I saw, distant from the ship not over 120 yards, eight plover swimming very gracefully on the water. They took wing and shifted a few hundred yards further to the westward." He gives a very interesting account of the natural accumulation of marine vegetables in the eddies at sea, and thinks the birds stop to rest and feed on tiny crabs and other marine animals, myriads of which make their homes in these bunches of seaweed. Again we quote from a letter of September n, 1879: "August 12, sixty-seven miles south- east of Nantucket, I saw quite a large number of migratory birds.". . . " I saw no large birds on the wing, but I passed several flocks of them sitting on the water, and either feeding or bathing. There were at least three kinds." We have cited the above very reliable authorities to prove that if these birds get weary on the long voyage of over 2,000 miles, from Newfoundland to the West Indies, they can safely stop any- where to rest as they are graceful swimmers. We shall now attempt, very briefly, to follow our beautiful little winged wayfarers on their voyage to South America. The data on hand, however, are few and quite incomplete, and we have had to patch them out and fill up gaps and interspaces as best we could. We hardly know how to express to the reader intelligently the great difficulty of obtaining from any point of interest in South America the most meagre information in relation to these birds. We have from several correspondents in various localities the most positive assurance that they know nothing at all about the birds, nor can they obtain from those around them any items of interest upon the sub- ject. None of the books that have fallen under our notice give any detailed account of the migratory shore birds that visit the continent. From some books of travel, special papers read before certain societies, incidental remarks here and there, and from our own correspondents, we have been able to glean such information as to warrant the belief that these birds not only reach the continent in immense numbers, but that they cross the equator and pass as far south as Patagonia or Terra del Fuego. This theory is, however, pretty conjectural and liable to great modification by further investigations. The evidence to sustain it is not as ample as that we had the satisfaction of presenting in sup- port of the theory that the breeding grounds of these birds embrace even polar regions, but by grouping and cementing the few scattered links, we trust the chain is strong enough to sustain at least a portion of its own weight. RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 397 We know, then, very well, that these birds en masse do leave the West India Islands in September and October. But where do they go? Not northward, certainly, at this season of the year. We have, however, the most reliable testimony that they are very abundant in Guiana about the same time of their departure from the Antilles. Our friend, Captain B., who is an intelligent gentleman, as well as an enthusiastic sportsman, was at Demerara with his ship about the end of September, 1877. While lying there his friends invited him to participate in a plover shooting excursion. In fact, he had several days of the grandest sport in this line he has ever witnessed. Another voyage was made the next year to the same place, but he arrived six weeks later expecting to enjoy a repetition of the previous year's sport. He went to his friend and asked him if he could get a few days' shooting while his ship was taking in cargo. Mark the reply. " Why, Captain, you are too late ! Had you been here a month earlier you would have had splendid shooting, as there was an extraordinary ' flight ' of birds, but now they are all gone ! " Further inquiry satisfied him that in September and October there is a "flight " at Guiana, just the same as there is at Labrador, Newfound- land, Cape Cod, and the Barbadoes. A letter from the ornithologist of the National Museum at Rio de Janeiro, under date of July 9, 1879, throws some light upon the subject. "I found Charadrius pluvialis, Wils., on the island of Marajo, in the month of December, in flocks of about twenty individuals. Later I found it in the month of May in Rio de Sul and in December, 1878, near Rio de Janeiro at Lopopember in a small flock of twelve individuals. This bird seems to me to be one of passage in these parts, because in Rio de Janeiro, for example, they are known as migratory birds, appearing only in the wet season, and in other places they appear always in flocks of ten, twenty, or thirty individuals." As the plover are accompanied in their departure from the West Indies by many other species, so we may infer that, notwith- standing they were not seen at Rio, still they were abundant in the vicinity. We are informed that during the migrating season these birds are plenty at the mouths of the Rio de la Plata and further south, and we are not quite clear that they do not breed there. They certainly have time enough. Brant are not on their breeding grounds over three months, and A user bernicla must require as much time to propagate as Tringa pusilla. A valued correspondent (Professor B.) writes, January 3, 1881, from Concepcion del Uruguay : "All the Limicolce, with the exception of Vanellus cayanensis and possibly Rhyncteaca semicollaris, are migratory to a greater or less extent at this place." (The two exceptional species are peculiar to South America.) We must not forget that the seasons there are the reverse of ours /. e. their autumn corresponds to our spring, their winter to our summer. All the Limicolc? introduced here have large, strong wings, and are capable of sustaining 398 SUPPLEMENT. long-continued flights. In tracing these birds to the northeastern shores of South America we have left them in a hot place, not over six degrees north of the equator. Now, we do not suppose any of the shore birds possessing as they do the means whereby they can put distance so rap- idly behind them will tarry for any great length of time in the torrid zone. Their natures seem to lead them to temperate, north temperate, or even frigid zones. They must pass at once from the chilling, repul- sive blasts of our autumn across the equator to the attractive, wooing breezes of a Southern spring. They are very sensitive to heat and cold, and it is not in the nature of things that they should remain four or five months sweltering under a tropical sun. A few may linger, as seen at Rio, down into December, but most of them must have " crossed the line " before the end of November. The fact that the people of the torrid zone are ignorant of the existence of these migrants is proof that they do not stay there during all the long Northern winter months. Those seen so late as December at Rio must have been the tail end of the autumn flight, nor would they be at all likely to abide as near the equator as the mouth of the La Plata, latitude 35, but would push on still further south, even down to Cape Horn, to regale themselves in the cooling breezes of that region. Very few if any of these birds north breed as near the equator as 35. Most of them seem to be more ambitious to reach the seventieth parallel. May we not then safely conclude, in the absence of positive evidence, that their habits south of the equator would correspond with their traits north ? It is not very clearly established what route they take in pass- ing from Guiana to Patagonia. Whether they follow the coast line and double Cape St. Rogue, or take a shorter or more direct route across the country, is not so fully determined. The weight of evidence is in favor of the direct route. Some of the main branches of the Amazon reach up very nearly to the head waters of the Paraguay, and these river valleys would seem to offer natural highways for our migrants. The birds seen at Concepcion would most naturally follow this route to that inland town. Then the mountain ranges are mostly parallel to this line and the birds seen at Rio de Janeiro may have flitted along down the valleys and water courses to that point. Some of the stronger winged, as Charadrius Virginicus, Numenius borealis, and Totanus flavipes, may follow the coast line, or they may divide as they do in going north in spring, on a question of food, some taking the shore and some the inland route. Still there is a serious obstacle in the way of their fol- lowing the shore. The " trade winds," which blow constantly from southeast, would be likely to drift them inland, and this possibly may account for their appearance at Concepcion. The same influence would bear upon them on their return trip, though it would not be a head wind. But the birds do return the next autumn, say, March and April, and do RANGE AND ROTARY MOVEMENTS. 399 arrive on the northern shore of the Continent. From this point one would naturally expect them to return by the same route, which undoubt- edly they would do were there no disturbing causes, but in crossing the Caribbean Sea they meet the northern "trade winds," which blow at an average northeast current of fifteen knots from the ninth to the thirtieth degrees of north latitude. Of course, at either extreme there is very little, if any, observable current, not enough to impede the progress of the birds whichever way they might wish to steer. We have seen, how- ever, by the letters from the Barbadoes and Turks Island, that they do not come there in spring. They are forced by the trades down on to the coast of Central America and Mexico, from whence they beat their way up across the Gulf, some reaching Cape Cod via the Atlantic coast, and some turning up the valley of the Mississippi, soon reach Fort Dodge, where they will be heartily welcomed by our friend, the Doctor, having completed their circuit as hereinbefore narrated. W. HAPGOOD. ADDRESS DELIVERED IN TOWN HALL OF HARVARD AT THE DEDICATION OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY, JUNE 22, 1887. Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, It gives me great pleasure to be here to-day, and to meet so many of my fellow-citizens ; for I still, though for so many years a non-resident, count myself of and from this picturesque town, and am proud of the distinction. I esteem it a great blessing that my life has been spared to see that substantial and beautiful structure finished and dedicated to the free and equal use of all the inhabitants of the town. I congratulate you, ladies and gentlemen, heartily upon the acquisition of so desirable a benefaction, not wholly the gift of others, but largely of your own munificence. I regard the vote of this town, whereby so large a sum was raised ($3,500) to encourage the commencement of the work under such favorable auspices, one of the grandest, most praiseworthy, and more gratefully to be remembered by posterity, than any upon its 400 SUPPLEMENT. records. That edifice will stand not only as a monument to the gener- osity and philanthropy of those who have passed beyond the line of time, but also to the deep interest you feel in education and the higher mental culture. Our common schools are excellent in elementary instruction, giving the key to the great storehouse of knowledge, laying the foundation for the superstructure that is to follow; but a pupil on leaving the public school has hardly begun the great work of education. All along life's pathway will arise new and intricate questions in art, science, literature, that will tax to their utmost capacity all the resources of a large and well-seiected library to solve, and then leave, moreover, a wide field for future investigators to explore. Still the joy of life, the solace of labor, and the sweet perfume that surrounds old age will be largely drawn from a free public library. We were impressed by our boyhood experience of the need, in rural districts, of more and better reading matter for young people. Older persons might have the means wherewith to purchase books, which con- dition would hardly be vouchsafed to a child. We well remember the heart-throbs and anxieties we endured while waiting to get hold of any new books that were in prospect, more especially those suited to our age and capacity. The " French Revolution " one of the earlier books placed in our hands might be very palatable and nutritious for an adult of some culture, but would be rather tough and indigestible for a youth of a dozen summers. The thought of the scarcity of suitable books for young people had haunted us from our youth up ; and various schemes for relief have entered cranial apartments, to be banished only by want of means or opportunity. In' fact, it was among our earlier dreams nor had the vision entirely vanished up to the very hour of the noble bequest of Mrs. Sawyer that we should, if fortune smiled, leave funds sufficient to build and endow a free public library for the use of the peo- ple of the place of our nativity, and the home of so many of our ances- tors and kindred. It was not, however, so ordered. Others, whose hearts were touched with sympathy by the pressing needs for such an institution, were called before ; and their timely gifts supplied the want, and deprived us of the pleasure of performing a long-cherished desire. One of your most worthy and esteemed fellow-townsmen, the late Augustus J. Sawyer, Esq., who was ever a friend to education and the best interests of the town, had avowed his intention of leaving, at his decease, a portion of his wealth for a public library. But before that plan was consummated he was called from this sphere of usefulness. His loving wife, also a friend to literature and progressive thought, not only faithfully carried out his philanthropic wishes, but added the larger part of her own estate in furtherance of these ends. The town has received by this bequest the munificent sum of about $6,000, a portion DEDICATION ADDRESS, HARVARD. 401 of which might be expended in the purchase of a site upon which to erect a building. Her trustees had the good fortune to secure that beautiful corner lot facing the Common, which from the earlier settle- ment of the town was occupied by that renowned hostelry in which, for two generations, the Wetherbees father and son had entertained travelers and guests in a most hospitable and sumptuous manner. The insatiable fire fiend, a few years since, swept away the buildings, and left the memorable spot to be occupied by its most worthy successor. We trust the new building will give to living hearts in the future as much joy as was accorded to the old, by loving hearts, in paeans of praise, from _/?#-pant tongues in the past. This bequest may be regarded as the incipient step, the foundation of the building which we are here assembled to dedicate to public uses; and it seems to us that the name of Sawyer will be very dear to the people of Harvard as long as the books in the library are read. Nor are you under a less debt of obligation to another of Harvard's most estimable, liberal, and prosperous sons, the late Hon. Edward Lawrence, who was not only an honor to his native town, but a credit to that of his adoption, Charlestown, where his genial manner and unostentatious benevolence won for him the love and respect of his fellow-citizens, who were ever proud to call him their own. He be- queathed to the town the sum of $5,000; but, with his usual good sense and keenness, foresaw the future needs of such an institution, and wisely left four fifths of the sum to be invested as a reserve fund, the income to be used in the purchase of books. This annual accretion of new books will tend to keep alive the pregnant desire of the younger portion of the community for fresh literature, and so perpetuate the interest in and usefulness of the library. You are, moreover, indebted to others not known as the immediate donors to the funds that have reared that temple of literature, those whose time and wise counsel have been so freely given : to the architect, a worthy scion of this town, now grafted upon another stock, who so lovingly remembered his native town as to bestow the working plans for the building; to the contractors, who have so promptly and faithfully performed their part of the work; but to none of these are you under a deeper debt of gratitude than to the Building Committee. That com- mittee has labored incessantly, with energy and a devotion to the best interests of their constituency worthy of all praise. And now, ladies and gentlemen, that noble, that beautiful, and useful building is finished, and we trust will forever abide as the embodiment of the sentiments of the people of the present, and the proud heritage of all future generations. Yes, fellow-citizens, that pretty and ornate edifice is completed to the satisfaction of the Building Committee, the keys passed into their hands, and by them turned over to and accepted 402 SUPPLEMENT. by the town ; now it is yours, yours not to desecrate or destroy, but to conserve, protect, and perpetuate to the latest posterity as a FREE PUBLIC LIBRARY. A free public library must not, however, be interpreted as giving liberty to any one to take out books and retain them as long as they please, to mutilate or injure them so as to deprive others of their use or benefit. It simply means that the use of a book for a certain limited period is free of charge, but that each individual will be responsible for its safety while in his custody. With a generous hospitality, then, the library will be thrown open to the free use of all the inhabitants of the town, high or low, rich or poor, or of whatsoever religious denomination, and with- out regard to " race, color, or previous condition." All are invited to come, and in the most democratic way to partake, to drink freely of the water from this fountain of knowledge. We cannot refrain from a word in reference to the great good this institution will do in a social point of view. There are, we suppose, in this as in other towns, many worthy persons who rarely meet and scarcely know each other. Under that hospitable roof all will meet on common ground, for a common purpose. All social, sectarian, and party feuds and differences will, we trust, there be forgotten. Those who read a great deal, and know the best authors and their works, will there have an opportunity of advising those less favored as to what books they had better read and what reject. There, then, on that very floor will grow up a mutual love and respect that never existed before. Certainly, a person who has read very few books, and those not always adapted to his needs, must feel very grateful to the literary persons he so freely meets, and from whom he receives such kind words of encouragement and sympathy. And, on the other hand, what a satis- faction it must be for a well-read person to have the opportunity, in a friendly way, of suggesting the reading of certain books! There is a young man, for instance, who is desirous of obtaining the best work on the cultivation of small fruits or the breeding and raising a certain kind of cattle or horses. He comes to the library, feeling sure he shall find something to aid him ; but, in looking through the catalogue, he discovers several books that treat of the matter under consideration, and, not having time to read them all, is puzzled about which one to take. Just at that critical moment enters Mr. B., who is perfectly familiar with the whole subject, and at once kindly helps the young man out of his dilemma. Is any one so cynical as to suppose that that simple act of kindness does not give Mr. B. a great deal of satisfaction, or that the young man does not love and respect him more, nay, that a warm, personal friendship might not be the result of that meeting? Let us fondly hope that many such instances will occur ; that young and DEDICATION ADDRESS, HARVARD. 403 old will there meet, and each impart something to the other, and the outcome will be many warm friendships. We feel sure that the com- mittee will see to it that the library shall embrace such books as both old and young may profitably read. We do not believe in cramming the shelves of a library with sensational novels, spread-eagle stories, or those based on " hair-breadth escapes i' the imminent deadly breach." Though they may be eagerly sought and read till their covers are worn out, they will produce no healthful effect. There is another view to be taken of that fine building, which I would like to just glance at in passing, and that is the pecuniary benefit to be derived from it. Any person in looking about to purchase a farm or other property would naturally make certain inquiries, such as to the condition of the roads, school-houses, churches, and other public build- ings. The quality of these will lead him to estimate the character of the people. And as he searches further, and discovers the aesthetic taste displayed in laying out and beautifying your lovely Common and its environs, and then beholds one of the prettiest, most tasty, and ornate libraries in the country, with exceptionally low rates of taxation, you will certainly have him for a citizen. He cannot resist so many tempta- tions. And he will draw others of equally good taste after him ; and so, out of your generosity, since " booms " are so fashionable, you may in this quiet town unwittingly have fallen into the fashionable circle, and produced in your own midst a great real estate "boom." You certainly have churches enough to suit the desire of the most fastidious, too many, we fear, for penurious purses. But let the people who have pros- pered give freely of their means, and they will find no lack of good preaching. It has been wisely said that no man really prospers or amounts to anything until he begins to give away something. In this connection, I would trespass upon your patience by a few words in reference to economizing time. It is a great thing for any one, especially the young, to acquire a habit of husbanding time. How com- mon, I may say almost universal, it is for people, who have five or ten minutes' leisure, to sit in idleness and waste those precious moments ! And worse, and more to be deplored, is the custom of assembling, in stormy weather, in stores, taverns, or on the street corners, to spend a whole forenoon in the cheapest kind of talk ; bits of scandal, political probabilities, long and severe criticisms on the new minister, prospects of the present hay crop, and a thousand and one less important topics, none of which could be modified by their decisions, are discussed with a vehemence worthy of a better cause. " I pity an unlearned man on a rainy day," was a famous saying of Viscount Falkland. But such people are not apt to waste a great deal of time in reading, nor is it an easy task to educate them out of their prodigal habits. It seems to us, however, that, if the time thus foolishly squandered were appropriated to the 404 SUPPLEMENT. reading of useful books, the tone of thought and conversation would be elevated, and the whole character of the neighborhood would in a few years be entirely changed. Many of our most learned and eminent men Benjamin Franklin, Elihu Burritt, and Abraham Lincoln are familiar examples have educated themselves in this way, simply by snatching the scraps of time as they flit along, and compelling them to do homage to their captors. These trifling accretions build up the character as the atoms do the world. One of the most learned and accomplished ladies I ever knew carried the practice of not only having a book near her hand in every part of the house where she could rest and recreate for a few moments, but also on or near the kitchen mantel-piece, where she could read a few lines while she was frying potatoes or watching the gridiron ; and yet no household duty was neglected. It is not so much the moment that is saved, as to acquire the habit of saving. Not in vain are the hours born, if the min- utes are carefully nursed ; or, as " Poor Richard " puts it, " Save the pen- nies, and the pounds will take care of themselves." Few men have ever become rich who have not been economical in small matters ; but there is a vast difference between economy and meanness. Young people must, however, in the course of nature have some amusements. There never was a greater mistake than for an austere individual of sixty summers to attempt to cramp and twist the mind of a lad of ten into the mold and fashion of his own. If the boy is an idiot, the prospect of success may be more hopeful. But, if he is a bright, intelligent, pro- gressive lad, failure will surely follow effort. It is this youthful effer- vescence that purifies and prepares him for future usefulness. And, therefore, it seems to us much better, under parental guidance, to allow children time for reasonable recreation, social meetings, games, readings, debating or declamation clubs, and, above all, the drama. What more interesting or instructive exercise can be participated in by young people than a good moral play ? We see no impropriety in half a dozen people of both sexes assembling for the purpose of read- ing, reciting, or acting a part or the whole of a play, even though the place of meeting should be called the " stage." Why, we almost forget that at a time before printing was invented, and free public libraries such as the people of this town will enjoy were dreamed of, many of the books of the Bible were taught in this way, and that cathedrals were converted into theatres for the purpose of educating the people in holy mysteries ! We know how bitterly the drama has been denounced, mostly, however, by ignorant persons who have never witnessed a good play. That theatres have been prostituted to purposes not intended by their founders can hardly be denied; but so have churches, palaces, and school-houses. Must, therefore, all these be abolished ? DEDICATION ADDRESS, HARVARD. 405 "All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players : They have their exits and their entrances ; And one man in his time plays many parts." He may be : " A poor player, That struts and frets his hour upon the stage, And then is heard no more." But whatever hold we have on life, as saint or censor, wise or otherwise, still each and all of us are members of that great dramatic troupe. An intelligent gentleman once said of Henry Ward Beecher, " He should take out a theatrical license, for his desk is a stage." Nor is Dr. Beecher the only person whose reputation as orator depends much upon his act- ing. I may truly say that, in my opinion, the time I have so pleasantly consumed in reading Shakspere's plays has been more profitable to me than any other reading, always excepting the Bible. There is hardly a phase of human nature that is not in some way portrayed, and so deftly done as to cover all time. The language, too, is strikingly attractive. No maudlin expression, no commonplace talk, where dignity and refine- ment are required ; and no affectation, except in ridicule. The words used to express a thought are not only novel and unique, but seem to fall into and fit the place, as if framed for the purpose by the master hand of creation. Nor is the brilliancy of his imagination less admirable. How bewitching, how fascinating, are the pictures that are thrown up at every step, as in an artist's studio, one after another, the best pro- ductions of his brush are placed upon the wall, as if to bewilder and astonish the beholder ! But, in our wonder at the witchery of his words, we should not forget the magnitude of his vocabulary. While Bacon and the best modern authors have made use of only about four thousand words, the " Sweet Swan of Avon " had at his command more than twice that number. Why, then, do we marvel that the reader, as he proceeds, should feel : " The glowing mind Disturbed, delighted, raised, refined " ? We shall look hopefully forward to the time when the atmosphere is cleared of sectarian dust, there will be represented occasionally within the walls of yon noble building entertainments of a dramatic, literary, and educational character. We must be mindful, however, that our large cities are recruited to some extent from the country towns. It is from the farm that the supply of vigorous, intelligent young men is drawn, by which the character of our merchants, mechanics, and professional men is fashioned ; and we may add that this native material is to some extent the salvation of the cities. The gregarious, uneducated foreigner is found in the squalid 406 SUPPLEMENT. corners of a city ; while, to offset this, we have the industrious, liberty- loving sons from the country. We doubt, in many instances, if these young people are happier or better for being transplanted ; but, some- how, they do take root there and prosper, and become some of the most esteemed and prominent citizens. How important, then, it becomes that their early education and training should be carefully attended to ! The Rev. Dr. Hale, in a recent article on " The Training of the American Citizen," says : " There is no reason why the average American voter, who grows up under American institutions, should not by the time he is of age, or certainly before he is thirty, have access to more books of value than Sully had at hand, or Burleigh or Raleigh or Sidney used than Richelieu or Mazarin had at command, or, speaking in general, any of the great statesmen in Europe in Richelieu's time or Mazarin's." I hardly suppose that any practical plan could be introduced into an agricultural district, whereby certain hours could be set apart for labor, study, amusement, and rest. There are persons within the reach of my voice, I suppose, who would fling up their hands in holy horror at the thought of allowing a boy half an hour each day for play, an hour for study, and an occasional evening for a debating or reading club, or any other amusement. But the fact is patent that there is too much work done, too much produced, in this country; and this is, to our mind, the strongest argument we have seen in favor of strikes, to have the number of hours for a day's work shortened. In reference to the condi- tion of labor, Sir John Lubbock remarks : " Free libraries and shorter hours in shops are two of the most pressing wants in London to-day." "God setteth the solitary in families " (Psalm Ixviii. 6). It is, then, to this God-ordained institution, the family, the great school of democ- racy, the nursery of freedom and equality, where each member is mutu- ally interested in every other, where the joys and sorrows, the blessings and misfortunes fall alike on all, we should look for a "happy home." Happiness and harmony do not, however, always reside there. Was there more deference and greater honor paid by children to their parents, if they studied the wants and desires of those to whom they are indebted for so much, and with a cheerful good-will set about performing all that was reasonably required of them, there would be less jarring, less friction, than sometimes occurs. Nor should parents so rigorously enforce the petty despotism they may have inherited from their great ancestor, the monkey, as to leave the impression on the child's mind that he has no rights which a parent is bound to respect. The old maxim, " Spare the rod, and spoil the child," was born of the same spirit as was the theory of God's wrath toward his children, for whom from the beginning even before they were created he prepared a place for everlasting punishment ! The two theories should be yoked together and driven well, driven over the other side of the river. DEDICATION ADDRESS, HARVARD. 407 Could, then, any parent bestow upon a child about to depart from the old homestead, safer or more enduring gifts than good books, with the request that he make these his companions and guides ? How often does the parting word and the good book placed in his hand by a loving mother keep the boy from ruin, when in some distant city! But read- ing, to be profitable, must be systematic or with great discrimination. If some uniform plan of reading and study, especially in villages, could be introduced, such, for instance as the "Chautauquan Circle," it would produce grand results. In fact, we understand that system has already been tried here, with happy issue. There are, we believe, now in this country, pursuing this method, more than one hundred thousand persons. If a circle of twenty or a quarter of that number could be formed, and all go through the same course of reading, they would find it socially very pleasant ; and then it would, as they casually meet each other, give them a theme for conversation or discussion, and tend to develop their best thoughts. We apprehend that residents of small towns believe that the large cities supply more abundant reading matter to the inhabitants than they get. This might prove true if any one person could read all of the five thousand new books that are annually published ; but this Herculean task no man ever did or ever will perform. In fact, the relative number of books published that any one can possibly read is immeasurably small. There were in the Boston Public Library on the ist of January last, according to their report, 479,421 volumes, which with a population of, say, 400,000, would, if the books were equally distributed to all the inhabitants, give to each, one volume and a small fraction. There are, as I understand, something over 3,000 volumes now belonging to the library of this town ; and there are, or very soon will be, funds in the hands of the committee sufficient to purchase about as many more. Suppose, when this library is opened, it represents a reading capacity of 6,000 volumes. Were these books to be equally distributed among your 1,200 inhabitants, it would give to each one about five volumes, or about five times as many as the people of Boston would get. We are informed that there are only about 17,000 volumes in the Fitchburg library ; and, with a population of nearly as many thousand people, one may readily see that the relative reading facilities of the inhabitants of Harvard are more than four times greater than those of the city of Fitchburg. The total number of books taken out of the Boston Library in 1886 was 958,629, or a fraction over two volumes to each person, includ- ing, of course, children. We hope the record of this town will beat that. The average cost of books in the Boston Library has been about $1.15. The National Library of Paris, the largest in the world, is said to contain about 3,000,000 volumes. The Arsenal has 350,000, the Maza- rine 300,000, and so on. Paris is said to have more public libraries than 408 SUPPLEMENT. any town in the world. The first free library was established by M. Dardennes, 1878. But only 28,938 volumes were read during that year, while in 1885 the number had swollen to 1,031,167 volumes. France, next to America, has more public libraries than any other country; and Germany is ahead of England. The first library, of which we have any knowledge, was formed by an Egyptian king, the Osyman- dyas of Diodorus, and was called "the storehouse of medicine for the mind." Assuming the National Library to be 3,000,000 and the other libraries 1,000,000 volumes, and the population of Paris at 2,000,000, then the people of Harvard have relatively twice as many books as the Parisians- The British Museum in London, the largest library in England, contains less than 2,000,000 volumes. It will be easily observed that, were this world-renowned collection to be distributed among the 4,000,000 inhabi- tants, there would fall to the lot of each, less than half a volume. Just for a moment compare the reading facilities of the present day with those of my earlier boyhood, or sixty years ago. There was here a very small library, not, however, accessible to any other than shareholders. There were literally no books among farmers suitable for a boy to read. The library in my father's house, which I suppose was about the average, consisted of a Bible, Psalter, Town Officer, some pamphlets and reports, a few school books, and Farmer's Almanacks. This was the mental pabulum supplied to a family of children. Free public libraries were almost unknown ; a daily newspaper was a myth ; and all our periodical literature that now so boldly usurps the place and authority of a library had then upon its cheek the rose-tinted blush of budding youth. There were a few people in the town who had a limited number of books, and these were generously loaned to eager readers. One of these, William Lewis, who faithfully made and repaired boots and shoes, a sort of second John Pounds, who will be remembered by some of the older inhabitants here as a bright, genial, gentlemanly man, discovered our taste for reading, as well as the inadequate supply of books at our command, and kindly loaned us such as he had, "Scottish Chiefs," " Thaddeus of Warsaw," " French Revolution," and a few others. The dear, good soul ! We shall cherish his sweet memory to the last day of our life. No such opportunity occurs to-day for active benevolence on the one hand, or gushing gratitude on the other. No such exigency can ever again occur. The library is finished, and, when it is thoroughly equipped, as we trust it soon will be, any one desiring a book on almost any subject has only to enter its portals, and his soul's desire is gratified. That building will stand, we trust, as the emblem of your highest hopes, your noblest aspiration, "to the last syllable of recorded time." Let no Vandal hand DEDICATION ADDRESS, HARVARD. 409 mar its beauty; let no sectarian fanaticism divert its aim or object; let no zealot's tongue defame its founders or its future ; and when time shall cease, and the earth be fused and burned to ashes, may the scroll of its history and usefulness be garnered and borne away on angel wings up to the Judgment-seat on High. LETTER FROM ITALY. More then fifty letters were written during our tour through Europe; a single example appeared in the Fitchburg (Massachusetts) Sentinel, of August 24, 1888. BELOW we give an extract from a letter written to a citizen of this city by an American friend, who is traveling in Europe. The letter is dated Sorrento, Italy, July 29, 1888. I come to this conclusion, that the two worst curses which Europe is to-day struggling under, are the church and the army priests and soldiers. Just think of the taxes here and thank God that you are an American citizen. Forty-five per cent, of a man's income goes for taxes. All sales of property, even real estate, pay about ten per cent. tax. We supposed goods were cheap here, but we have not found it so. Labor is very low, but the taxes are so high that goods must be sold high. A woman gets sixteen cents for a day's work, hoeing, reaping, or haying ; do you think she sees a piece of nice meat once a week ? Your fat priest, in his black gown, does. Is the degradation of woman a sign of moral elevation? Does Royalty require 1,200,000 soldiers, as in Ger- many, to support it ? Who pays the bills ? Labor. Ponder these things, and again thank God, as I do daily, that our lot was not cast here. Yesterday we visited Pompeii. Leave Naples in the morning by rail, then take carriages. Pompeii was on elevated ground, or on a hill. Our conductor, Spadoni, is a man about forty years old, very learned and a good speaker, and has studied these things. I had no idea of the amount of work that has been done in excavating this buried city. In the year 79 the eruption of Vesuvius buried the city which was a place of 25,000 or 30,000 inhabitants so as to cover all the houses many feet deep, and it was lost sight of till 1748, when excavations 410 SUPPLEMENT. began. The work is still going on, but slowly, for lack of funds ; but a large city is already discovered. The first fall of about three feet was ashes from the crater, then coarse sand and gravel. All this has to be removed, the streets laid bare and the houses cleaned out ; then every- thing is found just as it was left. People, horses, dogs, are found just as they were caught, and appear to have suffered great agony. Here are streets paved with square blocks of stone, with ruts worn by iron tired wheels ; floors of houses laid in mosaic, very nicely done ; stuc- coes on the walls and carved figures in marble ; statues and frescoes on the walls, with colors quite fresh, showing wreaths, animals, gladiators with green palms given by judge to victor, all in fine figure and color, better than we could do to-day. Here is the forum, with its open nave and covered aisles, supported by Doric columns, the podium, etc. And there is the theatre, much larger than any of ours, with orchestra, par- quet, auditorium, with seats raised one above another, and the "third row " as we call it, each having a different entrance. Back of the theatre is the ground for training gladiators, and the buildings where they lived with a semi-circle of marble columns still standing; the great baths, where hot and cold baths were had, even the great vats or basins where were swimming baths, and the rooms where the bathers were rubbed and oiled ; the heating apparatus, even down to the lead pipe that conveyed the water ; stores where goods were sold, and wine jars and stands where wine was kept, and all the appurtenances that belong to a first-class city. The old Romans were here and had sculpture, painting, and all that, and one to-day, in going through the streets, forgets that all this was done 1800 years ago. I could hardly realize that I was not walking through some modern city just after a great fire. It must have cost millions of dollars to excavate and clean out this buried city. Hercu- laneum is not so easily cleaned out, as that city was covered by lava which has to be blasted before removing. The road from Pompeii to Sorrento is very picturesque, cut along the side of the mountain, around the bay of Naples, where overhanging rocks threaten destruction to all passers. This is a dry place in summer; sometimes no rain falls for three months, and the road, n miles, was dusty and hot. As I sit here writing, guns are being fired for the celebration of St. Ann's Day. I look out across the bay, with Vesuvius smoking away, and sail boats flying about as in Boston. Vesuvius disappointed me. It looks more like a great coal-pit, which you have often seen burning, than like a huge volcano. On Tuesday the party are to be taken to the top of it, but it is a hard day's work, and I hardly think it will pay. The sun here is terribly burning, scalding, sizzling, but in a breezy place in the shade one may be very comfortable. Venice had no charms for me, SORRENTO LETTER. 411 and even Florence very few. Naples is a place of some commercial importance. Figs, olives, almonds, oranges, and lemons are abundant, as also grapes, and we have on our table, pears, peaches, plums, etc. We expect to start for home September 19. W. HAPGOOD. A TRANS-CONTINENTAL TRIP. How A RAYMOND & WHITCOMB PARTY is CONDUCTED WONDERS OF OUR OWN COUNTRY A RIDE TO THE ROCKIES. The report of a journey to the Pacific Coast was published in the Commercial Bulletin June 21 to July 12 inclusive (1890). BIDDING adieu to dear friends who had assembled at the Fitchburg depot, Boston, to bestow a blessing or "ton voyage" at 8.30 A. M., May 2, we sped away through the heart of Massachusetts and the other States to Kansas City. The morning was lovely, the spring flowers were just putting forth their delicate petals, birds were singing merrily, and all nature seemed radiant with smiles to welcome the tourists. These Pullman cars are so long, well balanced, and run so steadily, that one may read, write, or sleep about as comfortably as in one's own house, and as the time passes very agreeably, one does not get weary or really appreciate the distance overcome. And then at the outset there are new acquaintances to be made, new topics to be introduced and courtesies exchanged, so that in a short time the no persons composing the party have resolved themselves into one united, harmonious family. Nor do the kindly offices and attachments thus created cease even at the end of the journey of 10,000 miles. We ran merrily on and at 2.33 reached Hoosac Tunnel, and in seventeen minutes more saw the genial light from the westerly end of the "great bore." On Saturday, the 4th, we were at Kansas City, which has a population of 200,000, and with two exceptions, the most thrifty and flourishing of the many rapidly growing cities west of the Mississippi River, the two exceptions being St. Louis and San Francisco. Kansas has many advantages over some of her sister cities. Her citizens are liberal and enterprising, she has large facilities for river navigation, located in a fertile section, and is a great railroad centre. One of "The Big Four" (Armours) has a branch here that slaughters 5,000 hogs each day of ten hours. And then this, as 412 SUPPLEMENT. well as all the other western cities, being recently built has the benefit of the wisdom and experience of all the older cities, adopting the best and newest methods in laying out streets, building, lighting, patroling, etc. Most of the western cities have introduced the cable railroad system which works admirably for places of such high grade as Kansas City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Tacoma, and others. FERTILE KANSAS. On Monday morning, May 6th, we depart from Kansas City and push on through the great State of Kansas, 486 miles to the Colorado State line, passing through some of the finest farming lands we have yet seen. Immense herds of cattle, horses, sheep, and swine are seen joyously feed- ing along the line of the road. At length we reach the higher plains, and attain an altitude of about 7,000 feet. As we approach the Rocky Mountains the soil becomes poorer as though it had been washed by floods till naught was left but sand, gravel, and harder rocks. There are no timber lands, strictly speaking, in the Mississippi Valley, though lines of cottonwood, a tree similar to Eastern poplar, follow the serpentine course of the rivers or bottom lands ; but on the plains, very little vege- tation is produced, scarcely enough to sustain large flocks of ruminants. So little grass is grown on the sandy desert that, when the wind blows very hard as it did on the 6th and 7th when we came from Kansas it is next to impossible to remain out on account of the flying dust and sand. As we pass along, we observe numerous piles of bones, presumed to be the last remains of thousands of bisons that once roamed at large over the plains. We could not refrain from the thought that the poor creatures all died of starvation. We arrived at Pueblo on the 7th. The old town is a remnant of an old Spanish-Mexican village of huts, but the new town is full of Yankee enterprise and thrift, containing a population of several thousand, with banks, street cars, electric lights, elegant blocks of stores, etc. We tarry but a few hours, and pass on for Manitou Springs, some fifty miles dis- tant. This is another of the thrifty, newly hatched cities that spring up as it were, in a night, and become famous. Manitou has a great deal in its favor, the grandest of scenery, being only twelve miles from the summit of Pike's Peak, which towers to the height of 14,134 feet, and also has a long line of other snow-capped peaks in full view. Then there are springs of both soda and iron waters, with excellent hotel accom- modations. Moreover, there is that lovely drive to the " Garden of the Gods," which no tourist should omit. GARDEN IDOLS. The " Garden " is not populated with heathen deities or modern monsters, but has resident groups of grotesque figures which were wor- TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 413 shipped by the native tribes as idols, and hence the name Manitou. They "have received from white men significent names, as " The Gates," " Mushroom," " Sea Lion," etc. These figures seemed to have formed part of a mountain which being softer, was cut or washed away, leaving the harder substances as we find them, in columns, pyramids, queer boulders, giants, etc. The Gates are a sort of red sandstone slabs, rising to a height said to be 330 feet. And all these attractions, together with a most charming climate, makes Manitou a fashionable watering-place. More than 60,000 people visited this " Saratoga of the West " last season. Leaving Manitou on Thursday, the gih, we take a lateral track for Canon City, fifty-one miles distant, to see the Royal Gorge which the Arkansas River has cut through the solid mountain nearly half a mile deep. So nearly perpendicular are the sides of the Cafion that the cars at .one point run on a suspended bridge. The river is compressed into very narrow limits, but goes rushing and tearing on in its mad career. Returning to Pueblo we proceed to Cuchara Junction, fifty miles away, and take a narrow-gauge road for the Veta Pass and the Toltec Gorge. The Veta Pass has an elevation of 9,393 feet, and to construct a railroad over it required some pretty nice engineering. At one place it reaches a gradient of 237 feet to a mile, and at the famous " Mule Shoe " the road has a curvation of thirty degrees in a hundred feet. We were over- taken by a snow storm, or rather we were mostly above one, when at the top of the mountain, and it produced a queer sensation, clear sky above, raging snow storm below. A LOFTY ELEVATION. The Toltec Gorge is a deep cut by the Rio Grande wh : ch much resembles the Royal Gorge except that there we are at the bottom of the Canon looking up, while here we are at the top of the mountain looking down. On the way up there are many deep cuts along the road bed, where we observe curious rock formations, granitic, basaltic, sedimentary, and volcanic, and then there are various deposits of silt, coarse sand, pebbles, and rocks which we know were broken and chafed into these well-rounded forms by the action of water. There could be no mistake in the agent that performed the labor, nor could there be any as to the work being done at or below sea level. The more difficult problem was as to how the sand and pebbles, which were evidently the result of water drift, came away up here at an elevation of 8,000 or 10,000 feet above tide water. Without going into any lengthy discussion of the laws by which nature creates and distributes matter, or reforms or readjusts that already created, let us presume that fragments of rocks, in infinite numbers and size, are distributed along the seaboard, where they have been pounded 414 SUPPLEMENT. and fretted by surging waves for countless ages, and ultimately drifted or driven on shore ; certain currents carrying certain specific gravities to one distance and certain others to other distances. We have seen at Lynn beach or Cape Cod, how a very strong current and heavy sea will throw up these well-rounded stones as large as a man's head, while the sand or silt will be carried many miles away and intermediate sizes and weights will reach intermediate distances. It will be observed that these water-drift deposits are in layers such as would be likely to result from any heavy gale of wind, rough sea, and high tide. Wind is a powerful agent in moving sand out of water as well in. We have sometimes imagined that the immense sand deposits of Cape Cod were pounded or beaten into such condition, anywhere along shore north of us to Labrador or even the Arctic regions. The tendency of drift would be towards the equator, and then in its slow and tedious journey meeting certain eddies, currents, or obstructions, would be dropped where the moving forces ceased. In the course of the ages these deposits accumulate and the sea is forced back hundreds of miles. Let us suppose that some great upheaval takes place, the sandy plain or beach containing the evidence of its formation, in its own bosom, now becomes the mountain summit, and the future engineer in excavating for some new scheme will discover just what we may see to-day in the Rocky Mountains or any other mountain range. A tunnel at the Gorge terminates the trip, and after an hour's scramble over the rugged rocks for minerals, flowers, or any little memento that may be taken home as a souvenir, the party resume their seats and are flying back to Cuchara via Alamosa. GARFIELD'S MONUMENT. Before leaving, however, they all went to take a last look at the fine stone monument erected in memory of President James A. Garfield, by the National Association of Passenger and Ticket Agents, in 1881, only a few days after his lamented death. At El Moro we are once more back on to the main line of Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe road, speeding along over the Raton Pass at an elevation of 7,688 feet, stopping at Las Vegas just long enough to get a glass of hot soda spring water, and pushing on for Santa Fe, where we arrive the same evening. But at an elevation of 7,000 or 8,000 feet the nights are cold, and ice made one-fourth of an inch thick when we were at Alamosa; not much of a country for watermelons or leguminous plants. Nor does one feel well at such elevation. The head aches fearfully, respiration is difficult, all sorts of exercise irksome, a general loss of appetite ensues, blood rushes to the head, causing the nose to bleed, and often chills and fever supervene to annoy the traveler. Fortunately, we had several skilful physicians aboard, who generously volunteered their valued services, and the party were brought safely through. Sunday, the 1 2th, was spent in Santa Fe, some going to church TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 415 or cathedra], some visiting the " Ramona School " for Indians, or to see "our boys in blue," three companies of which are stationed here, osten- sibly to overawe the Indians, but really to keep in subjection the ram- pant Spanish-Mexican element, which is known to be very combustible. The soldiers seemed to think there was more danger of " Greasers," Spanish-Americans than Indians. Several soldiers had been caught in the outskirts of the town and, it was alleged, murdered by greasers. That proud old Castilian blood does not brook restraint with good grace. SANTA FE. Santa Fe is a queer, conglomerate place, partaking of both old and new elements. The old or Spanish part of the town has narrow, unpaved streets, low wood or adobe houses, mostly quite dingy, while the newer, the American part, has broad, well paved and lighted streets, with large blocks of brick stores and houses, and has a fresh, progressive, Yankee appearance. The Plaza is a park of perhaps half an acre of neglected ground, with monumental shaft erected to the memory of the city's heroes. Opposite is a block, originally of one story adobe houses, said to be at least 250 years old, and we did not doubt the truth of the state- ment. Governor Price occupied one of these palatial (?) residences, and we could not help remarking, that his big silver door plate was worth more than the house he lived in. The old Hidalgoes are very conserva- tive, and oppose all progress and improvements in architecture and agricultural implements, or in government, religion, or education. They seem never to have heard of Galileo, a steam plow, or dynamite gun, nor have they yet learned that " the world moves." Santa Fe is a place of about 8,000 inhabitants, comprising about all colors and nationalities. If all the cities and nations of the earth were to be destroyed, they could all be re-constructed out of this one. We resume our journey on Monday morning via Albuquerque out of New Mexico, through Arizona to southern California; but the country is about as uninteresting as the most groveling heart could desire. High mountains are seen in the distance whose peaks are white with snow. A few sluggish streams are crossed, but even the great Colorado was no such river as we expected to see at the " Needles " where we crossed. The whole country from Pueblo, Colorado, to near Barstow, South California, a distance by the route we came, of over 1,400 miles, with few exceptions, is a sandy, barren waste ; doing good service in keeping the earth together, but very little for the comfort or sustenance of man, beast, or vegetable. In a few places there is a small quantity of coal obtained, and at Florence a very little petroleum produced. Gold mines are said to abound in the mountain districts, but we did not hear of their being worked profitably, and, moreover, we observed that most of the owners were willing to sell out. All useful vegetation seerns to be divorced from earth. 416 SUPPLEMENT. A DEARTH OF TIMBER. There are no timber lands properly speaking, to be seen anywhere along the line of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe and Atlantic & Pacific roads. A few scattered, stunted, scraggy pines, cedars, or oaks may be seen, but none of any value. Any quantity of detested sage bush, plenty of the hateful cactus, and Spanish bayonet or dagger, but none of these are of the least use to any living being, but on the contrary are offensive, troublesome enemies. Occasionally one observes buffalo or bunch grass in small quantity, and a few other spears of nutritious grass sparsely scattered over some sections, but how the cattle get enough to live on, is a continual mystery. There are among the millions of cattle grazing over this vast area, very few that could be called large or fat. The most permanent feed is produced near some slough, creek, or river, but the grass there is not usually as sweet as on higher ground. The higher ground, however, produces next to nothing, and the cattle cannot feed many miles away from the base of water supply. To thrive, they must have water at least twice a day; and again, there are so many cattle and so little grass, many of them do really die of starvation. In a season of drought thousands are lost. At best they fare hard, and we regarded it a sin to turn them out where feed is so scarce, that many of them must die for want of it. They cannot digest sage bush, cactus is so full of needles as to make it impossible for them to gather it, and the Spanish bayonet is, as its name signifies, a cluster of bristling dag- gers, sufficient to protect it from any such assault. Without artificial irrigation, the whole section can furnish food for, or sustain but a very limited population, and it is still questionable whether sufficient water can be obtained to irrigate any considerable portion of the territory There certainly does not seem to be enough flowing upon the surface. THE INDIANS. As to the Indians, of whom we saw little, not much can be said. At many of the depots a few women and children are to be seen, but very few men. Whether the " braves " are out on the " war path " or quietly sleeping with their fathers, we know not. Some of the tribes, as the Pueblos and Mojaves, make various kinds of small wares ; pottery, curi- ously wrought moccasins, blankets, baskets, bows and arrows, and the like, which they offer for sale and in some places get up quite a brisk trade, but it is not possible to induce them to talk much. Ugh ! a shrug of the shoulders, or a stare as if looking into futurity, is about all. Hold up a dime or a quarter and they at once recognize its value. Tourists buy the articles merely as curiosities and not for any intrinsic worth. The frontier settlers have very little to fear from savages. They really have more to fear from white men. There are, we believe, only about 250,000 Indians, all told, scattered up and down the land, remnants of once powerful tribes, that can now TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 417 easily be kept in subjection by the United States troops, within easy call, and then we are happy to say some of them are learning the arts of civil- ized life and cultivating small patches of land. Of course they are mere children handling agricultural tools, but by encouragement they may in time become good farmers and useful citizens. , Certainly humanity would seem to dictate more kindly treatment than they have hitherto received. Owning lands in severally may work well for them. Educat- ing their children certainly will. We have destroyed the bison, the bear, the elk and deer upon which they once subsisted, we have driven them from their good lands, and in some instances given lands in exchange so sterile, that no man can wrench from the soil even a fair subsistence, we have broken our treaties, or faithlessly fulfilled them, cheated them all the way along the line from the Pequot to the Pyute, and it is about time that the people of this great and wealthy nation should rise up and demand for the poor, half-clad, half-starved creatures, in the name of our common Master, to say the least, a little show of decency towards those we have wronged and defrauded. Had our Government given them honestly what they agreed to, had they kept good faith with them, many retaliatory incursions and massacres would have been avoided. AX OLD-TIMER. We met at Coolidge an elderly man who had been twenty-nine years in Arizona, and was at one time with Kit Carson. He owns 15,000 head of cattle, and 300 horses scattered over the plains. Wingate, a few miles distant, where are stationed twelve companies of United States troops, is a good market for his beef, but many of his cattle are driven north, near Kansas City, to be fatted before going to Chicago for a market. This is the story of this whole region. There is very little rain-fall at any time of year, and no corps are raised except along the river bottoms which area is very limited. Here we saw Indians plowing with a good plow and oxen hitched by the horns. The same thing was seen at several other villages. The United States Government, we presume, furnished the yoke and plow, possibly the oxen. But they only cul- tivate very small patches. About five miles distance are what is called the Palisades, said to be 200 feet above the plains. Great quantities of lava covered the valleys as it poured down from the mountains. High mountains, whose sum- mits are white with snow, were seen in the distance all along the road. We reach the Colorado and cross the long bridge into California at the " Needles," and here is a village of Mojaves, more like monkeys than any we had seen. The peculiar snap of the eyes, quick motions, and dark color all betray their origin. Here, as elsewhere, they assem- ble at the station and offer unique patterns of pottery, needle-work, etc. 418 SUPPLEMENT. THE SQUAWS' COSTUMES. The women are barefoot, or have only a piece of leather strapped to the sole of the foot ; a cheap calico or stuff gown, a shawl to cover the head, and the papoose strapped to a board, slung over the back, will complete the picture. None of the Aborigines seem ever to have been educated to the sanitary or sanctifying influence of soap and water. Possibly that sin might be as fatal as the entrance to Blue-Beard's chamber. Presumably, however, none of them essayed either. The valley of the Colorado seems, at some time, to have been washed, as at Pueblo, by a rapid current of water which left behind it a plenti- ful supply of sand and gravel, but very little soil. Here also, where there are cuts, one observes the same condition of water drift that he did at Toltec Gorge and other places. And these deposits must have been made after the mountains had been elevated as far out of water as the mountains are higher than the valleys or plains. It seems hardly possible that the gravel beds are moraines or glacial deposits. The superincumbent mass of volcanic rocks and lava are of still more recent origin. On the morning of the I5th of May we began to see evidences of a better country, deciduous trees, blossoming shrubs, roads, etc., and in half an hour more, so sudden was the change, we were in the midst of nice painted houses, farms and fat cattle, vineyards, semi-tropical fruits, figs, apricots, and orange groves where on the same tree was the luscious yellow fruitage and the fragrant blossom. It seemed like a dream of some fairy land, or the work of a master hand in fiction, and then such fields of barley ! As Burns expresses it, " Now waving grain, wide o'er the plain, Delights the weary farmer." We had, as it were, leaped down from the elevated plains to the valleys beneath, from the arid desert to fruitful fields, from poverty and wretched- ness to wealth and happiness, from savage to civilized life, in a period so incredibly short that we could scarce believe our eyes, or in the words of Macbeth: " Mine eyes are made the fools o' the other senses, Or else worth all the rest." And then mark the difference in climate between the sterile elevated plain and the fertile valley below. As we came over the desert they were just preparing the soil for the reception of seed, but when we descended to the lower levels we found them harvesting their barley and other cereals. Southern California is not a hay country and barley is raised to take its place. Then, as they have no rain from May to November, and no frost to oppose, the barley is sown early, say in January or February, TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 419 in order that it may be so far advanced as not to be injured by the drought. It is then cut while in the milk, baled and sold as hay, and cattle and horses are said to thrive remarkably well on it. The most of the party had a hard time coming over the desert, living mostly on canned goods, and water saturated with various salts. We all rejoiced exceedingly at our release, and being once more in a land of plenty, and bracing, balmy breezes. We soon arrived at Barstow, where we were transferred to the Southern California Road, and were quickly moved to San Bernardino, the shire town of a county of that name, and one of the largest in the State, embracing an area of 23,472 square miles, or larger than four of the New England States. Nor were we long detained here, but moved on down the great San Gabriel valley to Pasa- dena, fifty-one miles, and within nine miles of the old city of Los Angeles. This valley is one of the richest fruit sections in this fruitful region, especially in grapes and oranges, and the climate is delightful. Great efforts have been put forth to make Pasadena a large city, but this is probably a work of longer time than its founders anticipated. As early as 1873 some settlers were attracted hither, but the greatest impetus was given in 1885, when the railroad was opened to the place which now has about 10,000 inhabitants. ETERNAL SNOWS. One of the chief attractions, for tourists and pleasure seekers at Pasa- dena, is the magnificent hotel, " The Raymond," one of the largest and most elegant structures in that section. It is located on the summit of a beautiful hill, of easy ascent, commanding a panoramic view of the San Gabriel Valley as well as the more distant one of the broad Pacific. The northern view is very grand, embracing the San Bernardino range, whose highest peak, " Old Gray Back," rises to an altitude of n,ooo feet, and is constantly mantled with snow. But the great " boom " that gave birth to the infant city, with its monster hotel, promised more than it per- formed. From Pasadena we were driven to the Sierra Madre Villa, a sort of hotel on a large orangery, now somewhat neglected, and where we picked from a tree our first oranges. It is a lovely place at the foot of the mountain, overlooking a vast expanse of highly cultivated vineyards and orange groves, and a very desirable place for nervous, overworked people, who seek a quiet retreat from business, where are pure air, cool- ing mountain breezes, delightful landscapes, and seemingly all that heart could desire ; and here we saw more feathered songsters than at any other place. We drive around by the great Baldwin plantation of 14,000 acres, where, in addition to extensive orange groves, is a grapery of 600 acres, and a rye or barley field of 640 acres. Mr. Baldwin is well known 420 SUPPLEMENT. as one of the Nob Hill millionaires of San Francisco, and carries on his immense estates without regard to cost. Then we visited the Rose winery, a ranch that has 800 acres of vines, and makes some of the finest wines in the country. We sampled some port fourteen years old and other wines that any European country would be proud to produce. At San Gabriel, an old Spanish mission and settlement, we halted, while those who desired to enter and inspect the antiquated style of architecture, paintings, and statuary, said to be about 300 years old, could do so. The earlier Jesuit missionaries, sent out to convert the Indians, were, no doubt, a temperate, abstemious class, but must have indulged freely in the light wines of the country. The large, well- dressed vineyards found at each of the missions is ample proof that they were plenteously endued with human wisdom ; but the place is now in a state of desuetude, and is better known as the " deserted village." IRRIGATION AND GROWTH. We then visited the hotel, " The Raymond," and by the courtesy of the proprietor were shown over the house, which was not then open to visitors, and loaded with rarest flowers as we parted. It was now near the hour of five and we drove to " The Painter " for lunch. With a benediction to Pasadena and all its loveliness, we return to San Bernardino and thence proceed to the beautiful and enterprising town of Riverside, a place of about 8,000 inhabitants, who all seem to be alive. The streets are wide and kept in excellent order. Magnolia Avenue, 152 feet wide and twelve miles long, flanked on either side by rows of magnolia, pepper trees, eucalyptus, palms, and other ornamental trees, is one of the finest avenues in the world. The first house was erected in 1871, but the town did not expand rapidly till the canal was built to the Santa Anna river. Since that excellent system of irrigation was adopted its growth has been rapid and permanent. We have previously referred to the absolute necessity of some system of artificial irrigation in order to get from the soil what it is only too willing to yield forth. There are mountain ranges running nearly paral- lel to the coast of California or at right angles, as San Bernardino, from which, at no great distance, a sufficient supply of water may be obtained to irrigate the lower hills and valleys of the southern part of California, or, if the flow of surface water is insufficient, then artesian wells may be resorted to, and wind mills utilized for pumping. It takes an immense quantity of water to irrigate even one square mile, and to water the whole 57,800 of southern California would be almost beyond the realm of human calculation. Still the lower lands of California are subject to less limitations than the higher deserts of Arizona and New Mexico. This whole matter is now undergoing investigation by our Government, and TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 421 the report of the Commissioners on this vast undertaking will be looked forward to with great interest. PROLIFIC FRUIT FARMS. Riverside has the finest, most productive and carefully cultivated orange and lemon groves it was our pleasure to look upon anywhere; nor are the grape, fig, walnut or apricot orchards surpassed by any sec- tion, either in extent or quality. The crop of olives was so large last year that it could not be disposed of, and had to be converted into oil. In the year 1888, there were shipped East from this place alone, 3,800 carloads of oranges; while the product of the State is said to have reached 1,250,000 boxes. Apricots and peaches do not keep well to ship to so distant a market as New York, and therefore have to be desic- cated. New varieties of oranges as the " Seedless," " Washington Navel," etc., are being introduced, and these new varieties bring say, $2.75 per box, whereas the Native Seedlings bring $1.75 per box; an acre of land produces about $500 worth of oranges each year. One man had thirty-six acres of trees and sold the entire crop for $16,000. It must be borne in mind that these fruit-bearing lands are fearfully high, probably $1,000 an acre uncultivated, and then there is the expense for irrigating, labor, trees, and outfit, so that on the whole, the fruit grower in California may be no better off than the farmer in Massa- chusetts. We have elsewhere said that this was not a hay country. They raise barley and cut it green instead. They have, however, a very beautiful green herb, looking something like our clover, called alfalfa, much used in Spain, which produces many prodigious crops in a year. A case was reported where seven crops were cut from an acre, amount- ing in the aggregate to seventeen tons. Oats are almost unknown here, and potatoes nowhere have that fine flavor and white flaky appearance that the tuber from Aroostook or Nova Scotia does. It is claimed that this is the greatest fruit-growing centre in the world. But we must not, however, forget that "brag" is indigenous to the country. Meet a man almost anywhere from San Diego to Port Town- send and he will begin to boast of the advantages to be derived from investing in real estate, generally house lots, in his town. One is seriously impressed with the idea that every settler or speculator that went to California, at once fell into the very best place in the country, where one could suddenly become wealthy. This system of " booming " everything, new towns, mines, fruit growing, and the rest, has become not only contagious but chronic. The words " Syndicate " and " Boom " are almost indispensable in this section. BOOMS AND BOOMERS. We hardly see how they could get along without them. For instance, some great scheme, too large for one man to handle, such as the starting 422 SUPPLEMENT. of a new town, is to be set on foot. Several kindred spirits club together and form a " Syndicate." A large tract of land is purchased, a gran- diloquent name is adopted, broad streets are lafd out, with high-sounding titles, many large houses are built and very likely occupied by one of the syndicate or a friend, graveled walks constructed, grounds and streets decorated with all sorts of exotic and native plants, shrubs and trees, whose rapid growth in that genial climate will astonish the owner. The same fatherly care will be bestowed upon the comfort of visitors, lines of cars will be running, a lavish amount of electricity will be consumed, a large hotel built, and everything will assume the greatest possible activity and prosperity. In order to bring in a large number of people so as to make it look lively, cheap excursions, startling exhibitions, low prices, and other contrivances are introduced. A newspaper with an unscrupulous editor, if such can be found, must be started in the interest of the " Syndicate," and now the town being laid out in house lots of liberal dimensions, the " Syndicate " will turn the business of selling or disposing of the lots to the " boomers," who catch up the refrain, advertise, make noise, exaggerate, magnify results, and the work is begun. Speculators are attracted, and seeing large fortunes within their reach, buy beyond their means, giving a mortgage for the balance, expecting in a few months to realize 200 or 300 per cent, profit, which many at first did. But other schemes were started, the fickle " booming " goddess deserts the place, and takes swift wing for another. Prices fall, in fact no sales can be effected, the purchaser unable to meet his engagements, the property goes back into the hands of the mortgagee, and the specu- lator, who so recently was flushed with the hope of a fortune within his easy grasp, returns to his eastern home financially poor, but in experience rich. BEAUTIFUL SAN DIEGO. We next report at The Grand Hotel, Coronado (Coronal) Beach, San Diego. The hotel covers seven and one-half acres of ground, and is said to be the largest seashore house in the world. It certainly is large enough for the place. It has 750 rooms, and the dining room has a seat- ing capacity of 1,000 persons. The climate is just lovely, neither frost nor hot weather. The themometer ranges from about forty to seventy degrees, differing little from summer to winter ; the average being about sixty degrees. Fall of rain about ten inches near the seashore, but much more back in the mountains, which are mantled in snow. The bay of San Diego was discovered in 1542, and the town is the oldest in what was then upper California. The present city,-four miles from the " old town," was commenced in 1867, and now contains a population of 40,000 inhabitants. With the TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 423 exception of San Francisco, it has the finest harbor on the coast, but unfortunately only twenty-two feet of water on the bar, though there is good anchorage for a distance of twelve miles. A large quantity of coal comes here from Australia. The Puget Sound coal is said to con- tain too much sulphur for blacksmiths' use. Much of the lumber used here comes from the Sound. The improvements on Coronado (crown) beach were commenced about three years ago, under the auspices of a " Syndicate " known as the " Coronado Beach Co." Land to the amount of 1,1 10 acres was purchased and work on the hotel begun ; broad avenues and streets were laid out, forty thousand ornamental trees planted, and countless numbers of flowering shrubs whose perfume fills the air through the entire year. In fact so prolific is the growth of flowers, as to draw hither myriads of honey bees, and the production of honey has been one of the great industries of the place. San Diego County alone produced in 1886 the enormous amount of 2,679,747 pounds of honey. OSTRICH CULTURE. Another more recently introduced industry has been established here, viz., the raising of ostriches, mainly for the graceful downy plumes they bear, which are sought for in nearly all parts of the globe as ornaments or insignia of office or nobility. Three white ostrich feathers are the well-known badge of the Prince of Wales. These feathers have from time immemorial been highly prized, and as the birds, which belong to the family Struthionidas, species, Struthio Camelus, were becoming scarce in Africa and Arabia, their native lands, the project of importing and propagating them here was attempted, and, as we understand, with results quite satisfactory to the projectors. In South Africa they have, to a considerable extent, been reared and found to be remunerative. Several years ago there were said to be 60,000 or 70,000 of the birds kept in confinement, simply for the growth of the plumes, which netted an annual income of $7,000,000. There are at San Diego only about a dozen adults and as many more of various ages, from the newly hatched fledgling which are as large as a pullet to the maturer growth. There are other ostrich ranches in southern California, at Fallbrook, Pasadena, etc. The family at Fallbrook consists of about seventy. The birds are valued at $1,000 to $1,200 each. They are enormous creatures, six to eight feet high, and weighing 200 to 300 pounds. The females are smaller than the males, and lay ten or twelve eggs, possibly as high as sixteen, one every other day, which are placed in the nest vertically, smallest end down. Under certain circumstances a bird may lay as many as fifty eggs in a year, which are quite large, measuring eighteen inches in circumference, and weighing from three to four pounds. The shells are one twelfth of an inch thick, and are used by the natives as water vessels. They feed on alfalfa, cabbage, corn, doura 424 SUPPLEMENT. (Indian millet), etc., and each adult consumes about forty pounds of food daily. They will swallow almost anything : large stones, bits of brick, metals, coin, etc., all of which they are able to digest. One of the birds at San Diego is said to be thirty-two years old, but in their native land they are reputed to live to the advanced age of eighty to one hundred years. The period of incubation is forty-two days, the male performing that duty from 4 P. M. to 6 A. M., while his generous spouse assumes the delicate care of the prospective family the remaining part of the day. In Africa, however, the sun's heat is sufficient, and for hours during the middle of the day both parents forsake the nest, which is a mere pit, or hole scooped out of the sand. They are said to be moderately gre- garious. They also have the unenviable reputation of being as polyg- amous as the most astute Mormon, some of the males having as many as six or seven wives, all depositing their eggs in the same nest, and tak- ing turns at the sitting process. The male ostriches are quite pugnacious, being ever ready to exhibit their valor, or pursue an inferior about the grounds with majestic pace, said to reach in their normal condition a velocity of sixty miles an hour, but that high degree of speed cannot be maintained for a great length of time. They have but two toes, the inner and larger being armed with a hoof, while the smaller has an armature of a simple claw, if at all. The form of the foot is such as to enable them to deal heavy blows at an antago- nist, or even to knock a hole through a three-quarter-inch board. They keep their little rudimentary plume-covered wings constantly in motion, reminding one of the vibratory movements of the elephant's ears. Healthy adult birds produce fifty to sixty feathers at a plucking, which takes place every nine months or possibly a little oftener. The first plucking occurs when the youngsters arrive at the age of six months. Some of the feathers -when bleached bring as high as from $3 to $5. This would give an average income from the birds of something over $200 each for the feathers alone. The flesh of the young birds is said to be quite palatable. A SALUBRIOUS CLIMATE. The reason why the climate is so much more equable on the Pacific than Atlantic coast in the same latitude, is owing mostly to the Kurosiwo, a sort of Gulf Stream that sweeps across the Pacific from Japan, and which is estimated to be a mile deep and five hundred wide, the tempera- ture of which never varies more than three degrees from 56 Fahrenheit. The wind along the coast is usually from the west in summer, with perhaps a little more tendency to the southward in winter. Then again what little rain they have falls in the night-time, leaving the atmosphere dry and healthful, especially for consumptives, and hay-fever is almost TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 425 unknown here. Invalids and pleasure seekers from San Francisco and other parts of the Union come here because the climate is so mild, and, taking the year through, said to be the most delightful in the world. And then the bathing is represented as very superior, though they gen- erally forget to mention the numerous stingarees that infest the water. The view of the Island of San Clemente to the westward forcibly reminds one of the view of Capri from Naples, though the climate of the latter is less salubrious. On the 2 ist of May, we departed from San Diego for Los Angeles. On the way up, we pass through a fine grazing country and observe large herds of tat cattle that would put to shame the little streaked and pied creatures that good father Jacob tricked his uncle Labon out of. One ranch is said to have 60,000 head of cattle on it, and Colonel Whiting has a barley farm of 33,000 acres. He must ride a fleet horse in order to traverse it before lunch. Of course, where the plantations are so large, the houses are few and far between. Los Angeles is a large town of about 60,000 inhabitants, and growing steadily. It is a hilly place, but, with cable roads, elevations and distances are very readily overcome. One sees here, as in other large towns, beauti- ful cypress hedges, cut so as to represent a great variety of fancy figures; vases, cubes, globes, etc., and most of the fields that are fenced at all, are by hedge rows. Not remarkable for any special industry, but is rather a distributing centre. As we are to visit the Yosemite Valley, our itin- erary is abbreviated, in order to save time, and we move on for Santa Barbara, passing the celebrated Ramona Ranch, the scene of Helen Hunt Jackson's story by that name. The old house, the corn fields, oranges, grapes, olives, and the solemn interval, all seemed to have a sort of weird aspect. On the 23d of May, the thermometer at Santa Barbara indicated sixty degrees. We drive round by the old Catholic Mission, said to be 300 years old, where are some old paintings, but none are good. SANTA BARBARA'S BOOM. Santa Barbara is a fine healthy place, of about 8,000 inhabitants, and one of the most popular places of resort for northern and eastern people to be found among the many agreeable places in southern California, especially in winter. This is one of the places that has suffered by too much " booming." Farming lands advanced to such a price that they could not be worked, and city lots were sold during the excitement at prices that could not be sustained. Then came the shrinkage, when many persons were ruined. A friend of ours sold a lot of land to a small church before the "boom" had reached its height, for $2,000. They kept it a short time, and were offered $30,000 for it. He also sold a house lot for $5,000, but before the deed was made, the purchaser was 426 SUPPLEMENT. offered $15,000, and finally sold it at that price. But neither lot would at the time we were there bring half those sums. Farming lands all around the town for miles were cut up into house lots, many of which were sold at high prices; but the boom ceased, and to-day they would hardly bring enough to pay for surveying and staking off. We went to see the great Magee grape vine which is claimed to be the largest vine in the world, but we find by comparison that it is about the same size of the one in Hampton Court, sixteen miles out of London, each being about fifteen inches in diameter; the latter, however, being in a colder climate has to be kept under glass and only bears about a ton of grapes, while its competitor here is in the full enjoyment of the warm, salubrious free air of California, and bears the enormous amount of four tons of grapes, if the stories told can be relied on. We did not learn the age of the American patriarch, but the Hampton monster was planted in 1768, and is 120 years old. Wood is very scarce in this section, and we saw box wagon loads of little twigs, cut a foot or less in length and hauled twenty miles, for $10 a cord. Coal is about $12 a ton. Great quantities of pampas or plume grass were raised here last year, said to exceed in value $50,000, which was shipped to England and Germany. One beautiful wide main street, State Street, runs the length of the town to the water, but as there is no harbor very little commercial business is done. IN STERILE LANDS. We leave Santa Barbara on the 25th for Barenda via Saugus Junction. Off the coast some twenty-five miles are a couple of islands, Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz, devoted to sheep raising ; one of them containing 60,000, the other, 40,000 sheep. The belt of land is only five or six miles wide from ocean to foot-hills, but the soil is deep and very productive. On the way from Saugus we again pass over a portion of the great Mojave Desert, where the mercury rises to eighty-eight degrees. The Desert here presents the same dismal and sterile appearance that it did in Arizona, and we find ourselves again surrounded by the savage sage bush, cactus, and Yucca palms, the latter forty feet high and bearing some kind of fruit; but none of these natural products of the desert are of value or particularly interesting, and our advent into Barenda created pleasant sensations. We are here transferred to the branch road for Raymond, twenty-two miles distant. Raymond is in asort of transition state, just emergingf rom the plains, not fully developed as some of the other mushroom cities of the West, having really but three important buildings, viz., the hotel, a plain one-story board building, a store, like unto the hotel, and a stable, as good as either. The western cities grow so rapidly we were in hopes on our return TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 427 from the valley to find blocks of stores, paved streets, and electric lights in abundance; but our disappointment was great when we found the only addition to the place was an enormous accumulation of dust, of which this section is famous. It was on a bright Sunday morning, when the party of eighteen tour- ists departed from the city of Raymond in those big mountain wagons or stages, and coursed along that steep and tortuous way up the moun- tains and over Grub Gulch, where is the Josephine gold and silver mine in "the full tide of successful operation." No solemn church bell here calls the traveler or laborer to repentance, or reminds him of the conse- crated day, and both man and machine are doing their " level best" to perform the task imposed upon them. The mine has a shaft 500 feet deep, the gold-bearing rock being raised by steam to a railroad, which conveys it to the top of the crushing mill hard by, where it falls beneath the stamps, the precious metals being separated by the usual processes, and carefully preserved, while the pulverized rock mingles with the slender rivulet that carries it away where it associates with kindred dust. The mine is said to yield $30 to the ton. By the courtesy of the pro- prietors we were permitted to examine the ponderous machinery by which the gold is stamped out of such obdurate material as quartz rock. The visit was quite remunerative to some of us novices. Our route lies for miles along the river valley, where runs the great trough, or chute, that carries the lumber from mountain heights to the valley where it reaches the Southern Pacific Railroad. The trough or chute has a regular incline, through which the water flows and floats the lumber down. About a dozen boards are bolted together, and then several of these stocks are fastened one to the other, and placed in the trough or chute, when the water is let in and the train started. If one stock gets stuck or stops, the others will pull or push it along, or by damming the canal so raise the water as to enable it to move forward. The canal or chute is fifty-seven miles long and its construction is said to have cost $250,000. A RESTFUL INN. After a very pleasant but somewhat dusty drive of twenty-five miles, we reach Grant's Hotel, where are sulphur springs and lunch. The section from Raymond to within a few miles of Grant's is not a timber country, but has many scattered trees and much tangled thicket, most of which will, when cleared, cultivated, and irrigated, prove to be very pro- ductive. The road to Wahwona, winding its way over rugged moun- tions, densely covered by primeval forests for fourteen miles, is easily overcome by 6.30 P. M. The views from the Wahwona are charming, and then in addition to the fine hotel, Thos. Hill, Esq., the distinguished landscape painter, has a lovely studio with exhibition rooms, where one 428 SUPPLEMENT. may spend an hour in a very enjoyable way among his elegant pictures of the falls, the mountains, the geysers, and about everything that is worth seeing in this region. He has many very fine skins of bears, wolves, foxes, etc., as also stuffed birds and animals which he has picked up from time to time of the Indians, and will sell at moderate prices. Both he and his daughter were very genial and agreeable, and it seemed to give them pleasure to entertain parties of tourists, as they did on the evening we were there. We shall ever remember their kindness to us. There is also a fine specimen of a black Alaska bear on exhibition here, and in the park a fountain and pool well stocked with nimble trout. Our stay was all too short in this delightful place, but on the following morning we move on for the Yosemite Valley over the summit divide at an elevation of about 7,000 feet. On the road from Wahwona to the valley, twenty-six miles, one sees the largest forest growths any- where met with before. Giant pines and cedars from two to six feet in diameter, and 200 to 300 feet tall, fully ripe for the woodman's axe and only waiting for a railroad or some other means of transportation to carry them out. Forest fires, started by carelessness or design, are making fearful havoc among these denizens of the forest, thousands of acres being burned and scarred in an unsightly manner. The bark of these trees is very thick, fibrous, and combustile, furnishing in the dry season excellent food for the flames. HIGH FIGURES FOR CEREALS. The high prices of agricultural products we should think would tempt farmers to settle away up here among the mountains. Barley is $4.00 per hundred pounds, and hay, which, as we have before remarked, is barley straw cut green so as to retain the kernels, when baled, brings $60 per ton. Cattle and horses are mostly driven out to Barenda to spend the winter. From the summit to the Yosemite the roads, while they are exceptionally good for such a rough, hilly country, are very crooked and fearfully steep in many places, so much so that passengers are liable to become dizzy or sea-sick. But our driver is cool and holds the "ribbons" with a firm hand, guiding with good judgment the noble animals that respond with alacrity to his wishes, and we are brought safely to " Inspiration Point," 5,371 feet above sea level, where we halt to gaze upon that grandest of views of the Yosemite Valley. Again we plunge down the precipitous mountain side, and shudder as we cast our eyes down the ragged and seemingly bottomless abyss. But somehow by hook or by crook, we are at length landed upon the plain below. Our nerves are quieter, our pulse assumes normal conditions, and with a long free breath we thank our stars that we are safely over. On the right hand as we enter the valley the beautiful little " Bridal TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 429 Veil" drops down 860 feet with a smile to bid us "welcome," while on the opposite side of the gateway the grim monster "El Capitan " lifts his hoary head 3.300 feet heavenward, and with a frown seems to bid defiance to further progress. Still we proceed up the awe-inspiring valley. We pass on our right the " Cathedral Spires," "Sentinel," and " Glacier Point," 7,250 feet above sea level, or 3,250 above the floor of the valley. On our left are the " Three Brothers " Eagle Peak being 3,830 feet above the valley "Washington Tower," " North Dome," etc. YOSEMITE FALLS. The wonderful Yosemite Falls have a descent of about 2,550 feet, and leaps at a single bound 1,503 feet. The valley is about eight miles long by one in width, and is about as level as a house floor. Looking further up the valley " Half Dome Rock " greets the eye, and, still further, those huge, snow-capped mountains, " Watkins " and " Clouds Rest," 9,912 feet high, which are the sources of the beautiful Merced River that threads its way through the valley and onward, ceaselessly foaming and chafing, over rocks, precipices, and cascades to its final junction with the grand San Joaquin. There are two hotels in the valley, " Barnard's " near the entrance and the " Stoneman House " about two miles further on and more recently built, to which we were driven. Near the Barnard is a house with a tree eight feet in diameter growing up through its roof. The house really grew up around the tree, but it presents a singular spectacle. In this region are two varieties of pines the yellow and sugar pine the latter has snfoother bark and smaller needles. There are also large oaks, some right here on the floor of the valley, measuring three feet in diameter. The whole district is in the care and ownership of the State of California, and depredations of all sorts are strictly forbidden by the guardian in charge. How the valley came into its present condition is a mystery to every one, and each is liable to have a theory of his own. Some think the mountain was rent -asunder by some mighty force, others that it is the result of glacial action, and still others, that the valley was a lake with dam at El Capitan which has been worn away by the agency of water, thus draining the lake and leaving the valley in its present condition. It seems to us that the Titanic force that lifted the mountains to their present height may have left the great fissure nearly as we find it to-day. If the walls of the valley which rise nearly perpendicularly from 6,000 to 8,000 feet above tide water were once joined together, as they have the appearance of being, where then was the road way of the moraine mak- ing glaciers? Did they glide gibly along over the mountain peaks? Probably not. Before the mountains were created and projected against the sky, and 430 SUPPLEMENT. the crevice which is now the valley was opened, there could have been no snow-clad summit or Merced River; but when the mountains rose into the region of perpetual snow, and the streams therefrom came rush- ing down its sides, bringing along with them the freshly made silt, gravel, and debris, they would naturally find the lowest gorge or crevice, and deposit there the pebbles and quicksands till it was filled to the level of its outlet or to the present floor of the valley. The fact that explorers find, some fifteen feet beneath the surface of the valley, quicksand and pebbles to an unknown depth, would seem to corroborate this hypothesis. We wish, however, to disclaim any geolog- ical erudition, and to acknowledge these remarks are based on simple observation. The wonderful valley and the majestic mountains are there, the high, light-colored granite walls seeming capable of resisting the energies of that ancient stone-cutter, " Time," for an indefinite period. WAGON TRAVEL. On the 3oth of May we were again packed into the mountain wagon for the return trip over those rugged spurs of the Sierras and reach Wahwona about one o'clock. After lunch we are conveyed in lighter wagons to the Mariposa Groves, some ten miles away, to see the "big trees " {Sequoia gigantea). The valley is about 2,500 feet above the level of the hotel, but is easily reached over the gradually ascending road through the heavy timber-lands. The number of Sequoia gigantea in the Lower Grove is about 275, and in the upper, a mile further on, about 365, or 640 all told in the two. The largest tree, the " Grizzly Giant," is in the lower valley, and said to be thirty-two feet in diameter ; but the fire has burned a big hole in one side, and the surface near the ground is quite irregular. Most monster sights anywhere are apt to be magnified. Our curiosity led us to measure the " Giant," and according to our way of measuring it was but twenty-six feet in diameter. The tree is, how- ever, in its senility and not as vigorous as it was four or five thousand years ago. Most of the larger trees are named after some of our more distinguished countrymen, as " Grant," " Lincoln," " Longfellow," etc., the latter very appropriately, since the golden rays of the morning sun kiss it at a distance of 300 feet from the ground. The "Wahwona," Indian for "big tree," has an arch dut so that the big wagon filled with passengers is driven through it. These giant trees, while they excite our wonder and admiration, are really of no great value. A man of our stature and strength cannot handle one, nor can it be run through any sawmill known to the present race. They seem to be rem- nants of some previous order of things, possibly that known as the car- boniferous age, when the great coal measures were formed, or we might place them in the period of the great mastodons, Saurians, Dinornis,etc. They are nearly extinct, a few only being found at Calaveras, Santa Cruz, TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 431 and other localities. One of the Calaveras grove, called the " Keystone," reaches the great height of 325 feet. TALL TREES. The Santa Cruz trees have smaller trunks, the largest measuring at the butt only about twenty feet in diameter, while it is claimed they reach as great a height as any of the family elsewhere. The " Giant " was said originally to have reached a height of 366 feet, but by a casu- alty lost about seventy feet of its proud crest, reducing it to its present rank of 296 feet. Nor do the trees anywhere seem to propagate their own species in sufficient numbers to keep up the stock. Very few small trees or young sprouts are seen, and it is only a question of time, when, like the buffalo and auk, the pied duck, and we may add the aborigines, will be numbered with things of the past. There are now only about thirty of the trees left in the Santa Cruz grove. Although the trees in this grove seem to be of the same species as at Mariposa, yet they are there recognized as " Semper Virens," ever green. The trees everywhere show signs of great age. It will be remem- bered by some of the elder persons present, that a section of one of the "big trees " was exhibited in Scollay Square, Boston, some years ago, representing a growth of thirty-six hundred years. The concentric cir- cles, showing the annual growth of the cedars and pines, can be readily traced and counted, one half of the annual ring, or circle, being hard and flint-like, while the other half is soft and spongy. Returning to the very comfortable and beautifully located Wahwona among the mountains, we pass the night. The next morning, the 3ist, we push on for Raymond over the same route that brought us hither. Here after shaking off large quantities of accumulated dust, and partak- ing of a scanty meal at the " Hotel " aforementioned, we find ourselves comfortably disposed in a Pullman sleeper, rushing on for San Francisco "via Berenda. The section we traverse in going from Berenda to San Francisco lies along the valley formed by the Sierra Nevada and the Coast Range, embracing an extensive tract of fine wheat lands and extensive farms. To our way of thinking, the wheat was diminutive and the yield must be small to the acre, but the land is level and easily cultivated, and with modern improved tools and machinery, unbounded quantities can be produced without irrigation. A WESTERN HOTEL. On the ist of June, at mid-day, we are ushered into the large, spacious, and comfortable Palace Hotel, said to be one of the largest as well as the most perfectly equipped hotels in the world. It covers an area of about three acres, is seven stories high, and cost the trifling sum of $6,500,000. 432 SUPPLEMENT. It will be remembered that this whole region, comprising California, New Mexico, and Utah, was ceded by Mexico to the United States, by the treaty known as the " Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo," on February 2, 1848, for the sum of $15,000,000. Arizona and the territories north of the present boundary of Mexico was ceded later by the Gadsden Treaty. The attempt of Texas, then a province of Mexico, to establish an independent republic, finally ended in a petition to be annexed to the United States. Pending hostilities between the two sections, Texas was by a joint resolution of both houses, admitted to the Union. The bill was signed by President Tyler in March, 1845. This act brought on a war with Mexico, in which she was defeated at nearly all points, and finally negotiations for peace were entered upon, resulting in the terms above referred to. The purchase was a most favorable one for the United States. A large part of the territory purchased was, in our school-boy days, known as " The Great American Desert," and since, having traveled over it, we see no reason for a change of name. But this purchase brought to the United States the great State of California, seven hundred miles long, and containing 155,980 square miles, the largest State in the Union, excepting Texas. Southern California alone has an area in extent nearly as great as all New England, or of 57,800 square miles ; and then the annex gave us just what we wanted to com- plete the round of products we consume. Up to within two or three years of the present time, we have been dependent upon foreign ports for our semi-tropical fruits and wines, the latter from France or Spain, olives and dried fruits from Italy, oranges and lemons from Sicily, figs from Smyrna, and so on. Now we have, or shall soon have, an abundance of all these, not only for our own use, but shall be able to reciprocate the favors hitherto so generously extended to us. So much wine is already produced in some sections as to render its conversion into brandy necessary for want of casks to put it in. And in regard to the raisin corp, the manager of the Hotel Del Monte informed us that he tried to purchase of Mr. Forsyth, of Fresno, a large raisin producer, what of the fruit he wanted for the house, about 1,000 boxes, but he could not get a box. The entire corp was sold to go to France. This seemed like carrying coals to Newcastle ; but he explained that in France, where the grape raisin is grown, they are liable to have sudden showers. This injures the raisins. In southern California, no such liability exists, and consequently this is a better country for raisins than France. THE DISCOVERY OF GOLD. It so happened that just before the Treaty was concluded, gold was discovered at the raceway of Sutters Mill. The news spread rapidly, TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 433 and stalwart men from all parts of the country rushed to this new El Dorado in the West. All sorts of crafts were employed to convey passengers, thousands went overland by the plains, even attempts to fly through the air were seriously contemplated, so crazy were the victims of the fever to be among the first f o arrive. Probably no excitement in this country ever equalled it, and nothing anywhere, since the great "Crusades" in the twelfth century. Early in 1849, the gold hunters, in vast numbers, began to arrive at San Francisco ; a motley group of vessels could be seen moored off in the bay, almost deserted. The stories that were told, and from day to day magnified, reached the ears alike of passengers and crew, and all rushed for the mines. The need of food, shelter, and transportation was sore indeed. All sorts of con- trivances were restored to ; tents, sheds, and board houses sprang up as by magic. Prices of material leaped away up into the region of the fabulous, lumber $300 a thousand, and brick a hundred; wages $10 a day ; all provisions were equally high ; onions were sold at a dollar a piece. What odds did it make to a man who could dig a wheelbarrow load of gold in a day ? It was the biggest "boom," probably, that California had ever witnessed, and lasted for many years. A great many were disap- pointed, many were ruined. Notwithstanding the fact that as early as 1852, the mines had yielded of the precious metals the enormous value of $45,000,000, and for seven years following the average was over $40,000,000 per annum, the miners, as a rule, had little wealth. Then there was a great deal of fraud practised by designing men. Gold would be represented as abundant at a certain locality, and a stampede of nervous miners made for the place, but when they arrived the gold was not found. Expenses for traveling and living were so great that many were impoverished by these wicked misrepresentations. THE COUNTRY'S GROWTH. At first the gold was found on the surface, or by what was called "placer" mining, where the gold dust was washed out; but to-day the great mass of gold is found in quartz rock, which is crushed and disso- ciated by powerful and expensive machinery. In the course of time, the best fields were worked out and the miners scattered, some returning east, but many remained in the country and turned their attention to mercantile or mechanical business ; farming, lumbering, cattle raising, etc. A few of the miners became very rich. Wealth poured into San Fran- cisco, and other places which had a rapid and marvellous growth. But San Francisco getting an early start, and, withal, possessing one of the best harbors in the world, has outstripped all her sister cities on the Pacific coast. 434 SUPPLEMENT. In 1849, when the first miners arrived from the East, there is said not to have been what was regarded a respectable-looking house in the place. There were only a few adobe huts and shanties. In just forty years from that date it has become one of the finest built cities in the United States, with a population of 350,000. The intelligent, industri- ous people that came from the East, helped to build this and the other cities, in fact they were the very people who planned and executed most of the successful enterprises, and it is to this great influx of educated American citizens, that the prosperity of California is due. Near the central part of San Francisco is a settlement of some thirty or forty Mongolians, called " China Town." Dupont street is the prin- cipal business street, though many others contiguous are infested by the " Heathern Chinee." They have their theatres, Joss Houses, gambling and opium dens, and one sees here the national traits and customs about as well as in the " Flowery Kingdom " itself. The men when they get work seem to be industrious and mind their own business ; but they are a superstitious set, sticking tenaciously to the traditions and customs of their fathers. In fact, they think a great deal of their fatherland. Much of the food they eat is brought from China. Vegetables, meats, poultry, oysters, fish, etc., are de'siccated and shipped on to them. They seem to feed on almost nothing, and then they live packed away in such little filthy rooms, in some cases two or three stories underground, it is a wonder how they do exist. When one dies his body must be sent home, or his soul will be traveling back and forth till it is, when it will be at rest. THE CHINESE POPULATION. Presumably there are about 80,000 males and 2,000 females in the country all told. The reason why no more are wanted here is that if the millions that could be spared from China were to come here, it would compel all other nationalities to live as they do, or to work for the same wages. No American, we presume, wants to see labor in this country reduced to the same level it is in China. There is much of interest to the tourist in San Francisco to be seen. One goes to the Cliff House to see the seals sea lions and there observes the great monsters, said to weigh a ton, disporting themselves in the water or basking in the sun high up on the rocks. It is amusing to see these great creatures wriggling their way up the steep cliffs and then leap from some high point down again into the liquid element. There are hundreds of them, and judging by their fierce growls harmony does not always exist on the " Seal Rocks." Their voices resemble some of the older members of the porcine family, and others, probably the youngsters, bark like dogs. TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 435 There seems to be a sort of joint occupancy of the two little islands by the sea lions and cormorants. So plentiful are the fishes in the bay that all they have to do is just skip down from the rocks, dive, bring up a fish, and return to their perch for the repast. Near the Cliff House is the Sutro Garden, where is the finest collection of statuary we have seen anywhere west of the Rockies. The California Pioneers' Association Building is a point of great interest to miners. It was liberally endowed by James Lick, of Lick Observatory fame, by a bequest of $1,000,000. San Francisco was originally a sandy, dusty, uncomfortable place, and many of the " Sand Lots " of the redoubtable Denis Kearney still remain. Pine and other trees have been planted to prevent the dust from being blown over the city. Still it is a very dusty place. " Nob Hill " is known as the residence of the millionaire miners Stanford, Fair, Flood, Hopkins, Crocker, and the rest. The steep hills descended to the water's edge originally, but the bay has been filled, so that now most of the business part of the town is built on made land. There are two or three miles of wharves. TO VERA CRUZ. On the 5th of June we take cars for the ancient Mexican-looking town of Vera Cruz, and visit a large farm having 325 milch cows. Straw- berries, cherries, raspberries, blackberries, all remarkably large and fine looking, are abundant here, but like most of the fresh fruits in the country, are not as palatable and luscious as their less pretentious con- geners on the Atlantic Coast. Arrive at the Hotel del Monte, Monterey, on the evening of June 6th, and this to our mind is par excellence the finest hotel west of the Rockies, though not the largest. If one is seeking pleasure and real solid comfort, let him repair to the Hotel del Monte at once, where all that art and nature can do to make the place lovely is done. About 7,000 acres of land, 300 of which are under cultivation, with some of the most beautiful and ingenious landscape gardening and floral decoration we have ever seen in this or any other country; and then there is such a nice drive of eighteen miles around by the shore and Point Labos (Seal, Sp.), where one sees those monsters the sea lions, and hears their hoarse, hog-like growl, just as at the " Cliffs " in San Francisco. The real seals are here also, and on the way we pass Cypress Point where grow a species of cypress, Professor Asa Gray says the oldest trees in the world, and found nowhere else ; and the Monterey pines are also peculiar to this locality. We came round by the old town settled about 1770 by Jesuits, who built a mission school and fort. The brave General Fremont, one night in 1846, brought up some big guns and placed them on high ground back of the fort, which compelled its surrender and with it the town, thus ending Mexican rule. It is a place of some 3,000 inhabitants. 436 SUPPLEMENT. The hotel runs like clock work no friction ; but there is a vigilant eye that keeps everything in place and on time. The house accommodates about 1,000 people, in the most genial, courteous, and homelike style. This is one of the coldest places we have been in, the mercury register- ing sixty to sixty-five degrees, and the people sit out on the great piazza in wraps. CHINESE THEATRICALS. We return to San Francisco and attend the Chinese Theatre. White people sit on the stage at one side of the actors, and the orchestra on the back part of the stage. No drop scene, no female actors, men change voice, don female attire, and personate the sex. Women occupy the gallery on one side and the men literally pack the rest of the house. The plays are generally of a historic character and quite long, lasting twenty or thirty days, /. e. equivalent to a new play every night for thirty nights, and we thought it quite creditable to their mental capacity. Departing on the 2oth, we cross the Sacramento River to Benicia on the ferry-boat, which is 425. feet long by 100 wide, and said to be the largest ferry-boat in the world. It carries twenty-four Pullman or forty- eight freight cars, and runs through immense marshes to Sacramento, the capital of the State. The new State House is a grand stone build- ing, of Corinthian order, with a tall, graceful dome. In the rotunda is a group of marble statuary, done in Florence, weighing twelve tons. The subject is Columbus before Isabella; the queen offering to pawn her jewels, to enable him to proceed on the voyage, which she holds in her hands. The legislature with liberal hand endowed its capital with forty acres of land for a house lot. And now we go over the new railroad away up the Sacramento River, by the old "placer" gold diggings, around sharp curves and steep grades, reaching an elevation of 3,555 feet, past Mount Shasta only eight miles, which towers to a height of 14,442 feet, and never dispenses with his white coat. The river here is small relatively, and is mostly fed by melted snow from the adjacent pinnacles, though the large spring is shown that is claimed to be its head water and source. The water goes tumbling, foaming, and tearing along down its narrow, rocky chan- nel, contributing of its power to move the wheels that turn out those piles of lumber at Shasta, Sissons,* and other available points. On the I3th of June we met at the latter place, Sissons, the great circus of the Barritt, Sells & Co., where the elephants and other animals seemed to really smile at the novel spectacle of an exhibition in the wilderness amid " rough quarries, rocks, and hills, whose head touch heaven." And then to see the men, women, and children, from the remote as well as the nearer settlements hurriedly assembling, all dressed in their holiday attire, full of excitement, was a pretty sight to behold. TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 437 MOUNT SHASTA. To get around Mount Shasta we go up, up, to an altitude of 4,130 feet, and then run along for a hundred miles through a sterile, sandy desert that reminds one of the Mojave. We cross the Siskiyou Range, the Klamath River, and through the Siskiyou Tunnel and over the Rogue River Valley, where we again see good farming land and flourishing settlements. Our route lies along the valley between the Sierra Nevada and Shasta Mountains, to Ashland, where we enter the State of Oregon. The engineers who carried the road through these rough, gigantic mountains and volcanic rocks, displayed wonderful skill, and are entitled to the gratitude of all tourists. We reach Salem, capital of the State, a place of 7,000 inhabitants, with an Indian school, etc., a flat, damp place, and not in the midst of a fertile district. The Willamette River now becomes our guide, and we reach Portland, a distance from San Francisco of 739 miles, about noon, June I4th. This is one of the older towns that has become wealthy, mostly out of the salmon fisheries and lumbering, and has gone to seed. It is said to be of 60,000 population, with nineteen persons rated at over a million dollars each. There are also about 4,000 Chinese here, but more scattered than in San Francisco. Fruits and berries are small and poor, and even as far north as this the potato, when cooked, is black, pasty, and unsavory. Nor are there any good hotels in the place, though one is in prospect. In coming over the Siskiyou Mountains we were forcibly struck with the indubitable evidence of recent volcanic action. On the i yth of June we take cars for a trip up the Columbia River to Dalles City, eighty-eight miles. Many fine views are had from the cars, among them the "Multnomah Falls," "Castle Rock," "Pillars of Hercules," etc. We found the Co- lumbia a much larger river than we had expected. Just below the Great Dalles the river has cut a narrow gorge through the basalt rock, where it is compressed into a width of 100 yards for nearly two miles, and at one place said to be only sixty feet. On the day of our arrival there was a fresh breeze blowing that drifted the sand, as it would on Cape Cod or any desert, so much so as to cover the rails and render the passage of three or four miles from Umatilla dangerous, and we were deprived the pleasure of seeing the salmon catching and the natural wonders. SALMON CANNING. The next morning we take steamer down river to the cascades, forty- five miles. A narrow-gauge road carries us six miles around to the lower cascades, when we again embark for the return trip, sixty-five miles to Portland. As seen from the boat the scenery is most gorgeous. 438 SUPPLEMENT. There are settlements along the river banks, but the valley is generally quite narrow, and the principal industry is sheep raising. The sheep are driven by a shepherd out among the mountains to graze, where he has a camp and dogs to care for them. He may have charge of 1,500 sheep, and is visited once or more each week to be supplied with food and necessaries. The method of catching and canning salmon proved quite interesting. At this season of the year, the fish will not take a fly or bait, and other means of capture have to be restored to ; and even though they readily rose to a fly, this method of catching them, while it would afford unbounded joy to the angler, could hardly furnish a sufficient supply for the canneries. A few are taken in nets or seines, but the greater part are caught in a curious or ingeniously contrived boat. The boat is a sort of scow or enlarged flat boat, something like a stern-wheel river steamer, which is anchored by the river bank in swift water, the stern drifting down stream. The wheel has three or four paddles lined with wire netting, and as the salmon come rushing along up stream they meet the stern of the boat and the wheel, with the wire netting being kept in motion by the swift current, scoops up the fish, drops them into a trough down which they hop and slide into the boat out of sight. It is a sort of automatic machine that does not even require a man to tend it. When the boat is full, it is run down to the cannery, where it is emptied and then set again. But this destructive method of catching is rapidly depleting the salmon and ruining the canning business, or driving it to the more northern rivers and inlets. A BIG ESTABLISHMENT. We visited the Warren Canning Company's establishment, a few miles below the Cascades, which claims to can one tenth of all the sal- mon canned on the river. The industry has, however, depreciated from 629,400 cases, in 1883, valued at$3, 147,000, to 356,000 cases, in i887,and about 250,000 in 1888. The year 1889 has been a dry one, and the river being low, the catch will be likely to fall far below that of 1888. In 1888, seventeen packing-houses in Alaska canned about 400,000 cases of four dozen or forty-eight one-pound cans to each case. Formerly, most of the salmon taken on the Columbia River were carried to Astoria to be canned, but in later years the business moved further up the river. There are three kinds of salmon recognized on the Columbia River; chinooks, blue-backs, and steel-heads. The latter are of small account. The blue-backs are not so fat as the chinooks, and only weigh seven or eight pounds, but no distinction is made in the cannery. The chinook is the regular salmo salar and reaches a weight of seventy-five pounds, though the average weight is about twenty pounds, while the Alaska salmon averages only about six pounds. TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 439 The Warren Company occupies a large building, employing 150 China- men for about six weeks. The cans are made in the factory. The pro- cess of canning represents a curious division of labor. First, head and tail are cut off, then entrails removed, one stroke of a gang of knives cuts the body into junks of the length of the cans, then washed, packed, pressed, cans soldered, punctured, steam boiled, cooled, puncture soldered, varnished, labeled, packed in boxes of four dozen each, shipped to market, and each process is by a different set of men, who pass the work along from one to the other. Sturgeon (Acipenser siurio) are also caught in the river and near the Cascades, twelve feet long and weighting 400 to 500 pounds. The stur- geon and the gar-fish according to paleontologists, belong to the earlier icthyic creations, dating back to the old red sandstone and oolitic systems, and are remnants of the ganoids or fishes with bony plated armor. MILITARY FORCES. We pass Fort Vancouver, where are stationed United States troops, and is also a place of some importance, being a sort of depot for military stores. Most of the village has, however, been destroyed by fire since we were there. Mounts St. Helens 9,750, Adam 9,570, and Hood 1 1,025, are seen from this point on the river. As we go through the fine timber section from Portland to Tacoma, 145 miles by night, of course we see very little of the country ; nor do we tarry long at Tacoma, but embark at once on board steamer for Victoria via Seattle and Port Townsend. Seattle was in ashes and we did not land. The fire destroyed the busi- ness part of the town, which was a narrow strip at the foot of the ter- raced hill, reclaimed from the Sound. It will not be easy to extend the land or piles far, as the shore is very abrupt, running down to a depth of 200 or 300 feet of water. Of course, this gives no safe anchorage, and the place is therefore considered a poor harbor. Tacoma is about the same ; Port Townsend is regarded as much better. All the three towns are new and fresh, and seem to be vying with each other to see which shall have the more rapid growth. The trip to Victoria is a delightful one, barring a liability to turbulent waves ; the landscape is beautiful, long reaches of forest, high moun- tains, to say " Olympus high " is no figure of speech, for Mount Olympus, with his crags and peaks, clothed in the white garment of winter, is in full view. Victoria, like everything English, is of slow growth and great durability. It is a place of about 12,000 inhabitants, but a resident there made a remark that if it belonged to the United States, it would be as big as San Francisco, 350,000. We could hardly credit the remark, and yet so far as it went, it was in evidence that annexation would not be objectionable. Still the people are in some sense our kindred, and very hospitable to strangers. There is here a large dry dock and naval depot, 440 SUPPLEMENT. but no navy yard or fort. The gentlemanly proprietor of the Clarence Hotel, where we were quartered, accompanied us in our inspection tour, and very kindly explained points of interest. A LARGE DRY DOCK. The dry dock is 400 feet long, fifty-six wide, and twenty-six deep, incap- able of taking in the largest ships of the British Navy, of to-day, though quite ample for all twenty years ago. The coal used here is from the Dinsmore mines. About thirty-nine years ago there was no house here except the Hudson Bay Fur Co. By the Isothermal map, Victoria is 200 miles further south than New York, though geographically about seven and one half degrees, or four hundred and fifty miles north of it. We have already explained the cause of this. Leaving Victoria on June 2ist, we proceed to Port Townsend, stopping at Ironville to get water and see them smelt iron ore. Port Townsend is a lively place of about 2,000 inhabitants, and as she is in the centre of a splendid lumbering section, and has a good harbor, will be likely to make rapid strides in wealth and population. We just touch at the ill- fated Seattle which, by the way, is being rapidly rebuilt and push on for Tacoma. This place has been visited by the " booming goddess " from the south in fact, one might presume this to be her permanent residence, with emissaries flitting about and coquetting with other favor- able localities. A year ago it was claimed they had a population of 12,000. Now it is confidently asserted the place contains more than 30,000. More than 300 houses and stores were in process of con- struction. So rapid was the growth that time had not been given to remove the big stumps in many of the yards of nice houses. From the water's edge to the top of the hill, or to J Street, a rise of some 300 feet, seemingly almost impossible to climb, are solid blocks of nice houses, but as the supply of brick is not equal to the demand, many are of wood. Prices of land are fearfully inflated. House lots from $2,000 to $3,000 each. About all the business that one sees that could pay, is lumbering. On every hand, up and down the Sound, are the finest Douglass pines and firs we ever saw; great trees four feet in diameter and 200 feet tall, with not a limb except at the top. It is no difficult matter to get timber or boards a hundred feet long and entirely free from knots. They run for large logs two circular saws, one above the other. One mijl here is said to saw 450,000 feet of lumber or inch boards in twenty-four hours. This whole section is the lumberman's paradise. INDIAN EDUCATION. The Puyallup River empties into the harbor, where it is thought, by dredging, good anchorage may be obtained. An Indian school is located TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 441 at the mouth of the Puyallup, in a large building, much of the carpen- ter work having been done by the Indians, and they were acknowledged by the contractor, to be among the most reliable mechanics he employed. They seem to be pleased that their children can be educated, and with education the possibilities of a high civilization are within their reach. It will beget a desire for a home, and the nomandic savage nature will in a few generations be entirely unknown. On the 25th of June, we take our departure for Livingston, on the Northern Pacific Railroad, over a rough mountainous country, 904 miles. Most of those fine timber lands west of the Cascade Mountains are sandy and sterile, but after we cross the mountains we enter upon the Yakima Valley and run along the Palouse country, where are hundreds of miles of excellent wheat land and other farming facilities, with a most desirable climate. Spokane Falls had a population of about 25,000, but since we were there a disastrous fire swept away the most of the business part of the city. Passing through the Territory of Idaho, we enter the great (now) State of Montana, 143, 776 square miles. There is much fine scenery along the line of the Northern Pacific, but we have had such infinite variety as to defy description. A great part of this immense stretch of territory is covered by timber, which is being rapidly devoured by forest fires that are fearfully destructive. These fires no doubt are sometimes accidental, but, it is feared, they are not always so. The fall of snow is quite large in the Rockies, in some seasons amounting to twelve or fifteen feet. INJUSTICE TO THE INDIANS. We pass Lake Pend d'Oreille, sixty miles long by twenty-six wide, which floats several steamers. Then we run through the Flathead Indian Reservation, sixty-four miles, of about the poorest land that "Lo," the poor Indian, ever saw. There is no game for the Red Men to capture. Agriculture on such gravelly soil must ever be a failure, and if in his ignorance, Lo commits any depredation, troops are sent to up slaughter him, on the ground, we suppose, that there are "no good Indians except dead Indians." There was a case of this sort on the very day we passed the Reservation. A horse had been stolen. Of course it was laid to the Flatheads. Some trouble in making an arrest ensued, and a company of Uncle Sam's colored boys were sent up to quell any riotous proceedings. It is the strong arm on the one side, the weak and defenceless on the other, but we felt all the time the shame of being a member of the strong party to oppress the weak. Educate them, teach them the use of tools, train them to habits of industry and economy, deal justly with them, and there will be no need of colored troops to annihilate them. We pass the great Park, the snow-crowned peaks of Mt. Powill, the junction of the 442 SUPPLEMENT. three rivers, Gallatin, Jefferson, and Madison that form the Missouri, and are at Livingston. Here we leave the Northern Pacific and take branch for Cinnabar, fifty-one miles, and thence by stage to Mammoth Hot Springs, Yellowstone Park. There are, we believe, no established monuments to mark the line of boundary of the Park. This Park, sixty-five by fifty-five miles, set aside by Act of Congress, 1872, as a National Park, is in the northwest corner of Wyoming, and is nearly as large as the two States of Rhode Island and Delaware. The Park is hemmed in by high mountain ranges, 10,000 or 11,000 feet high. There are several boiling springs known as the " Mammoth," which, for countless ages, must have poured forth these hot mineral waters, as the terraced hills of solid deposits, mostly carbonate of lime, amply verify. A good hotel is here at the entrance of the Park, said Park being under the guardianship, in sum- mer, of about 125 United States troops, who have headquarters at this place. There is a good government road to the upper Geyser, fifty miles southerly, and to the Grand Canon of the Yellowstone about ten miles from the Norris. There is also a road to the Yellowstone Lake, sixteen miles from the Canon, but as there is no hotel or other accommodations, tourists do not generally make the trip. GREAT GEYSERS. From Mammoth Hot Springs to the Norris basin is eighteen miles, to the Lower Geyser twenty-two miles more, and to the Upper Geyser ten miles. Each of these basins has peculiarities of its own. Many of the geysers send up jets or columns of hot water to various heights and at intermittent periods. " Old Faithful," at the upper basin, ejects a column 100 feet into the air precisely at every sixty-five minutes. At the Norris, the " Growler " sounds as if a dozen steam engines were blowing off steam at once, and the Mud Geyser spouts mud and water every ten minutes. These basins, it must be borne in mind, are between 7,000 and 8,000 feet above tide water. The Norris is 7,760. In the Lower Geyser basin alone, Doctor Hayden reports no less than 693 springs, and to describe each would require a large volume. The paint pots represent a bubbling mass of pasty mud, of various colors ready for the painter's brush. The " Excelsior " is said to be the largest geyser in the world, throw- ing an immense stream of water and lavatic stones to the height of 200 or 300 feet, and steam to 1,000 feet. "Hell's Half Acre " is another expressive name that represents several phases of possible torment. Prismatic Lake is a sheet of several acres of hot water. At the Upper Geyser Basin are enumerated 440 springs, with fancy names, as " Castle," . " Beehive," " Grant," " Grotto," etc., in all more than 2,000 springs in the park all differing from each other. The whole Rocky Mountain TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 443 region has the very strongest evidence of having at remote periods held within its bosom a vast amount of volcanic energy, and all along the park valley and away up the mountain sides one sees the puffing geyser or extinct basin. The Obsidian Cliffs, a mountain of glass, attracts much attention. A WONDERFUL ROAD. The road had to be cut along the base of the cliffs, which was found to be a very difficult as well as expensive undertaking. The mountain of glass is some 200 feet high and one third of a mile long. The Obsidian very much resembles the glass of which cheap junk bottles are made, and is so hard that steel drills would have no effect upon it and to cut the road through it, great fires were built on it, and when thoroughly heated, cold water was dashed on, which cracked and crumbled it so that it could be removed. The discovery of the art of glass making is hardly known to us, but it was known here, possibly millions of years ago, or certainly in prehistoric times. At every angle the traveler sees something new or something he has never seen before. Even the forest growth differs from that of any other section, being small trees, six inches in diameter, very tall, and close together. Some of the rivers are so impregnated with minerals that no fish can live in them. Truly, it is a "wonderland," and then the short trip to the Yellowstone River from Norris, ten miles, is full of novelties. The Yellowstone is a long river, rising in Yellowstone Lake, and emptying into the Missouri. It received its name from the various sulphurous and metallic tints of the rock formations through which it has cut its way for miles to the depth of nearly 2,000 feet. Cold nights are the rule here at this elevation. Ice has been made in the water-pitchers on the 3d of July so thick as to be with difficulty broken. But we return to the Mammoth Hot Springs, where we cele- brate the 4th of July with the traditional small boy and his fire-crackers, the military band furnishing the music. At Livingston we purchase some mementoes, as we are not allowed to take any from the Park. We take comfortable Pullman palace cars, pursuing our journey onward towards Minneapolis, a distance of 1,021 miles, or 1,925 miles from Tacoma; and if we add 1,300 as the distance from Minneapolis to Boston, we have a grand total of 3,434 miles across the continent, which we suppose not far from the real distance. We run along east through many villages and towns, but the whole section averages low in fertility, offering no great inducements to set- tlers, and the "bad lands" are decidedly bad, so furrowed and cut up by gulches and channels, or over high, laval rocks, as to be of little value. There is good productive land in Minnesota, and Minneapolis is one of the most thriving centres in the West. The country west of 444 SUPPLEMENT. the Missouri for hundreds of miles is timberless and must be used only for grazing, and even the farming land alone, east of Bismarck, seems to produce light crops of wheat. Near Bismarck is the great Dalrymple wheat farm of 75,000 acres. At Brainerd we cross the great Father of Waters, which here is so small a stream as to lose its identity, not as large apparently as the Yellowstone. A GREAT FLOUR MILL. We arrive at Minneapolis the 6th, and visit the Pillsbury flouring mill " A," which is claimed to be the largest in the world, turning out 7,000 barrels of flour daily, and consuming annually 9,500,000 bushels of wheat. There are about twenty other flouring mills in the city, with a capacity of 30,000 barrels of flour daily. The Falls of St. Anthony are utilized for motive-power, which at low-water mark equals 130,000 horse-power. There are also nineteen saw mills, which are said to cut 300,000,000 feet of lumber annually. Great rivalry exists between Minneapolis and St. Paul as to which shall become the largest city. The former claims a population of 150,000, while she unwillingly concedes to her rival so great a number. Minneapolis has the advantage of a splendid water- power for manufacturing purposes, while St. Paul has the prestige of being the capital of the great State of Minnesota, and is also at the head of the river navigation which connects it with New Orleans and other commercial ports, no inconsiderable benefit to the growth of any city. They are, however, both splendidly built cities, of which any citizen may be justly proud. The Falls of Minnehaha, immortalized by Longfellow in his poem entitled "Hiawatha," is some three miles distant from Minneapolis, but at the time we were there the stream was not of such magnitude as to inspire our highest enthusiasm. On the 8th we had an excursion, seventeen miles by rail, to the beautiful lake Minnetonka. THE LAKE AREA. This State is marvellously well supplied with lakes, having over 7,000 within her borders, with an area of 4,160 square miles. Minnetonka is located within the " Big Woods," and its 300 miles of shore line is dotted with spacious hotels, and pretty steamers are plying to all points. It offers to the citizen a delightful resort during the summer months. The party returns to the city, but without stopping any length of time pro- ceeds to St. Paul. The 9th is spent in sight-seeing, including a visit to the State House, and a drive to Fort Snelling. The evening shades find the party on board a comfortable Pullman train moving eastward via Chicago, Port Huron, Niagara, etc., arriving in Boston on the I2th of July, without an accident that the management could in any way be held responsible for. TRANSCONTINENTAL TRIP. 445 If any one wishes to get correct impressions of the magnitude of this country, he had better at once travel over it. " Seeing is believing." No description, however truthful, no mere stroke of the pen, be it ever so skilfully manipulated, can convey any sort of an idea of its immense resources. Rich in nearly all the useful metals, and, since the purchase of California, embraces a climate and soil producing about everything that the human heart could desire. No people in the world should be so contented and happy as the residents of these United States of America. There are no 60,000,000 of people anywhere on earth so well fed, clothed, and housed, enjoying such perfect freedom, having as much elbow room as they do in this country. W. HAPGOOD. SPORTING IN THE FAR WEST. The following letter was the result of observations made during a tour to the Pacific Coast in 1889. [From forest and Stream.] IN a recent trip to the Pacific coast not a buffalo, elk, deer, mountain sheep, goat, bear, panther, nor lion (except in captivity), not even a prairie hen nor quail (Ortyx virginianus} was seen. We regarded this as quite singular, since we passed over sections once the home of all theseanimals. Forty years ago grouse were plentiful, even around Chicago, and we bagged our first prairie chicken (about that time) within the present limits of that city. We had confidently expected to see game in cross- ing the plains or along the river bottoms, and especially in the Yellowstone Park, where all animals are exceptionally exempt from fear of man. The squirrels and small birds seem to know they are protected by Uncle Sam, and will almost come and take food out of one's hand. But the large animals kept well out of sight. One of the tourists claimed to have seen a deer in the Park, another a mountain sheep near Pueblo, a third a bear in Firehole River. We did see at the Lower Geyser Basin beaver working and feeding on the river. They come out of their house, which looked like a big pile of logs and driftwood, at even tide, swim around, dive and pull up grass and roots, then get upon a low stone and munch as undisturbed as if the dozen pair of tourists' eyes that were fixed upon them were not there. Any one who has seen musquash playing, feeding, building nests, and attending to domestic affairs around in our waters, 446 SUPPLEMENT. has seen in miniature the far-famed beaver in his home, for in many of their ways and habits they are almost exactly alike. Coming out of the Yosemite Valley, near the Grub Gulch silver mine, we saw a real coyote, a mean-looking pirate, every inch the cunning thief he is reputed to be. He fearlessly stood up on the top of a knoll, within easy gunshot, and coolly exhibited himself as the stage stopped; he then trotted on with nonchalance. The leer of those eyes and the smart, erect ears indicated a desire to dine on one of the lambs in a near pasture. In the same neighborhood we observed several California quail ; but their habits are not gamy. They do not lie well to a dog, but run on the ground, hop on to a rock or low-spreading tree, and run along the branches or step from one to another, acting more like barnyard fowl than wild game. We should think they would afford a sportsman or his dog very little satisfaction. In fact, this was the report of the gunners in that section. Nor do they fail to find the most inaccessible coverts, among chapparal, cactus, manzanito, and the meanest tangled vines, rendering pursuit of cripples almost impossible, and even finding dead quail quite difficult. Hard by were two or three mountain quail (Ore- ortyx pictus, Baird), but these, too, took to their heels and were instantly out of sight in the thicket. One may occasionally see, in forest ranges, gray and red squirrels. They have in the Park the queerest little striped squirrel, with a short tail, a little darker color than ours, and about half as large as our chipmunk. In fact, the fauna and flora of the Pacific side of the Rockies differ from the Atlantic. For instance, take the bluejay, kingfisher, brant, and most of the woodpeckers. Even the crow, lark, and blackbird, so common everywhere, appear different. The crow seems smaller and less enterprising, the lark is also smaller and has a different note, and the blackbird appears like a cross between ferru- gineus and quiscalus. They have many species that we do not, and vice versa. The cormorant and the pelican, so common there, are almost unknown with us. Gulls numerous no pun intended and seem to differentiate our own, but terns we do not remember having seen. Nor did we see a hawk that looked like a New England species. The swal- lows, swifts, robins, bluebirds, solitary sandpipers, turtle doves, and a few other specimens, if not identical, very much resemble our own. No ruffed grouse or woodcock in that section. Near the celebrated Ramona ranch we observed a beautiful white heron, and at Buenaven- tura were flocks of large shore birds, probably curlew, though the dis- tance and motion of the cars rendered it impossible to determine. Everywhere from New Mexico to southern California one sees those filthy, lazy fellows, turkey buzzards, lying almost motionless on outspread wings. It really seems as if they were asleep and had no movement of a pinion for nearly half an hour. Is he inflated with gas ? Touch him SPORTING IN THE WEST. 447 and see. One experiment will satisfy you. But certainly he is a mascot. Both these and the mockers are identical with those of the southern Atlantic States. The ground squirrel resembles one of our very fat gray squirrels, with a short tail and white ring about his neck, and the little perky prairie dog, so common everywhere in southern California, would deceive almost any one into the belief that he is a mere stub. One may sit the livelong day at the Cliff House, in San Francisco, and be amused by the sea lions, disporting themselves on the " Seal Rocks." Great monsters they are, the largest ones reported to reach a weight of at least 3,000 pounds. It is laughable to see the huge creatures wriggling their way slowly up on to the rocks, thirty feet from the water, looking dark brown or seal color as they emerge from the water, but after basking in the sun and becoming dry, assuming a sort of grayish drab. And then the struggle to get back to the water is a queer exhibi- tion of their awkwardness, but they will leap many feet from a precipice to the liquid element. They growl fearfully at each other for place on the rocky islets, and the sound is much like that of a big hog, though they do not seem to bite. Some of them bark like a dog, reminding one of a hound in pursuit of a fox. Mixed up with the seals were immense numbers of cormorants. They are lazy creatures ; all they seem to do is to just skip down to the water, dive, bring up a fish and return to their rocky perch and devour it. The sea lions generously concede the right of joint occupancy, and the two divergent families get on harmoniously together. The same thing may be seen at Monterey and other places. That the sea lions, cormorants, pelicans, and other predaceous species lead such an idle life, is abundant proof of the myriads of small fish inhabiting those waters. But the fishes of the Pacific differ as widely from the Atlantic as do the other animals. A codfish from the Pacific Coast would hardly be recognized as a congener of the fish at Cape Cod by the same name. And so of the smelt and other species ; but we hardly think the West- ern waters produce as fine fish as the Eastern. They seem to lack that fine flavor, that edible quality that makes the fish of the Atlantic in request all over the world. Barracuda and salmon, when fresh and in good condition, are very fine, but the mountain trout and other fish do not compare with ours. Most of the mountain streams are fed by melting snow, and this may be less favorable to fine flavor, than the pure spring water flowing from hillsides in New England. Nor do the trout of the far West bear the same markings. We had some trifling experience in trout fishing during our tour at the Yosemite Valley, Chamber's Creek, Lake Pend d'Oreille and on the Yellowstone River. Our first attempt was in the Yosemite. The valley is some eight miles long by one and a half wide, and is walled 448 SUPPLEMENT. in by mountains whose almost perpendicular sides reach an altitude of three to four thousand feet above the valley, or seven to eight thou- sand above tidewater. Through this valley flows the Merced River, whose source is in the snow-capped mountains that environ it. These elevated streams come rushing along and plunge down into the valley. One, the Yosemite, leaps at a single bound 1,502 feet, and the pretty little " Bridal Veil " exhibits a length of 860 feet. Great stories were told for the amusement of tourists, about the size of trout in the Merced reaching five or six pounds. We had seen some small trout caught in the river, and desired to try our hand at the large ones. On the 2pth of May, rambling about the valley, we met a Digger Indian with some thirty small trout on a withe. The Indian is the principal fisherman in that section, and it is from him that the hotels draw their supply. Fish- ing tackle and bait are not easily obtained. We tried to negotiate with "Lo" for the use of his pole, a mere sapling sprout seven or eight feet long; but " Indian no talk much," and we found it difficult for the "high contracting parties " to arrive at a definite arrangement. Finally it was agreed that a trial should be made. He had no flies, but a few worms, which he carried in a rudely constructed bag made of long grass, through which the worms would crawl as fast or faster than he could use them. A cheap hook and line completed the outfit, and with this simple gear we essayed our first mountain trout. After about a half hour of patient, and at times discouraging, effort, a bit of a "gnaw " was felt. A nervous jerk of the pole and see the big fellow jumping in the sand on the river's bank. He was immediately released from the hook and taken to the hotel by his captor, washed, weighed, and an accurate sketch made. Over the portrait are these significant words : " Length, 7^ in. ; weight, 2)^ oz." The trout caught at Chamber's Creek, which we should call a small river, twelve miles from Tacoma, Wash., were all small and were at once returned to their native element. These, with the small ones taken in the Yellowstone River, were identical with the one caught in the Yosemite, but the large ones were not. On our return home over the Rockies via Northern Pacific Railroad, we were detained several hours for repairs to a burned trestle near the great Lake Pend d'Oreille. The lake is some sixty miles long by twenty-- six miles wide, and has the reputation of being well stocked with trout running up to six or eight pounds. Our desire to capture one of these large trout became much inflated, and as we had ample time we secured a boatman, boat, and tackle, and set out with buoyant heart, thanking our stars that at last fortune had so smiled upon us as to offer this rarest of opportunities. We cast here and there, along the shore, in the cove, around the point, in deep water and shoal water, tried different flies, small fish, grasshopper, and frog for lure, but not a rise. It took four hours for our ardor to cool, when a signal from the train summoned SPORTING IN THE WEST. 449 our return; we cheerfully responded, leaving our bension for Lake Pend d'Oreille and its big blotched denizens. Our next and last effort in the way of trout fishing was on the Yellow- stone River above the Upper Falls. Most of the streams in the Park are so impregnated with mineral matter as to destroy any fish that might enter there, and the hotels are supplied from the Yellowstone. Through the courtesy of the landlord of the " Norris " we were shown into the ice house where were two large boxes of the beauties from one half to one and a half pounds. On arriving at the Grand Canon Hotel we at once secured a rod and tackle, with a son of W., of Hyde Park, as a companion, and taking a peep at the Upper Falls, hurried on for a dash at the big trout. Now the goal of our ambition was reached. We should certainly be rewarded for all our toils and disappointments. We made casts at intervals along up river for about two miles, but did not get a rise. Downcast and disappointed we started for the hotel. It was mortifying to be obliged to return " skunked." On the way down river we espied a point of rocks which had escaped observation on the way up. It was getting late and our youthful companion began to clamor for dinner, but generously waited for us to make a last effort to retrieve the day. A few casts were made, and lo ! floundering on the greensward in silvery sheen, lies the symmetrical twelve and a half inch beauty. A few more casts, and another of fourteen and a half inches in length lies a fit companion to the first. Another of seven and three-quarter inches is landed, and our joyous steps are quickened for our hotel and dinner. The next day, July 2, we accompanied the party to the Grand Canon and Lower Falls, which are among the marvels of this wonderland. The river, which discharges a large volume of water, has cut its way for miles through the soft rock to the Lower Falls, or even to the Upper Falls, leaving cliffs some 2,000 feet high. Some parts of the rock formation is much harder than others, and these, having resisted the erosive current, are left in various shapes, some in columns, as if hewn out by human hand, several hundred feet high. On the top of one of these columns a bald eagle had built her nest, just below Prospect Point. Some of the tourists became anxious to see more of our national bird. We screamed ; she responded shrilly. Another yell and response, and the majestic creature stood up, spread her huge wings, and from her eyry floated gracefully away up and down the canon, apparently determined to resist any attack or defend her young to the last extremity. She was soon joined by her consort, who flitted about as if in search of some intruder, and after some twenty minutes, passing up and down the canon many times, now high, now low, the female, which seemed the larger of the two, hovered over the nest, and finally dropped into it as gently as a snowflake. Everything about the canon is on such a grand 450 SUPPLEMENT. scale that objects look small. While the alar extent of the bald eagle is about eight feet, this one did not appear over one third that size, but we were 500 feet above her and probably half to three-quarters of a mile distant. From Inspiration Point, lower down river, another nest was witnessed, that of a golden eagle. On a similar column, on Gardner River, as we came out from the Mammoth Hot Springs, we saw still another. Nature seems kindly to have reserved these pyramids for the noble birds. In the afternoon we again tried for large trout without success, except in a single instance. We took several small ones, seven or eight inches in length, and of the seven captured three fell to the fly of young Whiting, and we cannot help thinking the small ones are of a different species from the large ones, though the natives persist in calling them all "mountain trout." But the large ones have no lateral red lines, have square tails, and almost entire absence of the black blotches. The small ones seem to be a true rainbow, while the others do not, and the little ones are constantly breaking water at eventide for insects, while the large ones do not seem to feed at top. Large trout are said to be abundant in Yellowstone Lake, some sixteen miles away, but as they are reported at this season of the year to be infested with xporms, no one cares to go for them. We hardly know where the line between the speckled trout of the East and the blotched trout of the West is drawn. We could not say those of the Pacific slope have black spots and those inhabiting the waters that empty into the Atlantic have red spots. The Snake River and the Yellowstone both rise in the immediate vicinity, and the trout of each have the same markings, and yet one empties into the Pacific and the other into the Atlantic via the Gulf of Mexico. In Minneapolis we saw the real speckled trout (Salmo fontinalis), which were said to have been taken in Canada. Buffalo shooting was, no doubt, to the man who could perpetrate such inhuman slaughter, very exciting. The number of animals destroyed about fifteen years ago, in many cases simply for their skins and horns, is truly astonishing. "Col. R. I. Dodge," we quote from Dafoe in Popular Science Monthly, "author of the ' Plains of the Great West,' estimates that in the three years ending with 1874, no less than 5,500,000 buffaloes were slaughtered." Let those, however, who mourn the loss of the rich, light, warm robe when out sleigh-riding on a cold winter day, be consoled by this bit of information, that through the experiments of Mr. C. L. Bedson, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, a better robe has been produced by crossing the buffalo with the Galloway or polled Angus cattle, and that Mr. C. J. Jones, of Garden City, is continuing the work so nobly begun by Mr. Bedson. We trust others may be induced to embark in an enterprise which not only promises financial success, but bridges over the chasm made by the loss of the buffalo. ' Again, let us SPORTING IN THE WEST. 451 consider that the millions of domestic cattle now feeding upon the old buffalo ranges, are worth, to a beef-eating community, immeasurably more than the displaced buffaloes. There is, undoubtedly, a matter of sentiment about these noble animals which prompts a desire for their preservation. The Yellowstone Park is now specially set apart for this and kindred purposes. Still it is found to be very difficult to keep the buffalo on the Park and the poachers off; not generally Indians, but white renegades. The two troops now stationed there in summer can- not patrol a tract of wilderness sixty-five miles long by fifty-five wide, or over 3,000 miles of territory. In winter there seems to be very little protection of any sort to the animals, and it was estimated when we were there this summer that not more than 200 or 300 were resident there. If our government means to preserve the buffalo and other animals in the Park, so that future generations may look upon them, more stringent measures must be resorted to before it is too late. We see no other way of preventing the animals from getting off the Park and being killed than by running a palisade fence entirely around it. It would cost next to nothing except for labor. There is abundance of the finest timber in the world for such paling right on the ground. The thick growth of pines is perfectly wonderful ; not large enough for lumber, but trees from four to eight inches in diameter, about as thick as they can stand, and running up fifty to seventy feet without a limb, except the clump at the top. Let these be cut in poles twelve or fifteen feet long and set close together in the ground, where that can be done, or spiked together with lateral supports. As the trees are cut along the boundary line a road could be cheaply made, so that patrolmen could pass around the Park to guard the property; or tourists, that are coming here every year by thousands from all parts of the world to see the marvellous works of nature, could utilize it as a popular driveway. Many species of animals from foreign lands might be introduced, in fact there is hardly a limit to the variety that could be successfully introduced or kept there, and then this country would possess a zoological garden as much superior to that of any other country as it is nobler, grander, and more prosperous than any other. It would fitly symbolize the progressive spirit of our people. The cost would be comparatively trifling. Is any man's soul so dry that he would not cheerfully pay a contribution of one or two cents for each member of his family to gratify the national pride? W. HAPGOOD. 452 SUPPLEMENT. LETTER FROM CALIFORNIA. Many letters were written to friends while on our transcontinental trip, one of which afflicted the readers of the Fitchburg Sentinel of June 19, 1890. Here it is: MONTEREY, CAL., June 9. My Dear T. In traveling, one always sees novel, strange and marvellous sights; different people have different ways of doing the same thing, as, for instance, at Santa Fe oxen pull by the horns, and people live in adobe houses ; at Mojave, the women wear sandals, and at Chinatown they chew betel leaves and smoke opium in place of tobacco. t Kansas City is about the most enterprising city we have passed through ; is modern built and growing rapidly. They claim 200,000 population, with 50,000 on the other side of the river. Pueblo is a growing place, and Manitou Springs is called the " Saratoga of the West." It is a pretty place, with grand scenery. Santa Fe has a marvellous mixture of old and new. The old Spanish town has narrow streets, low adobe houses, and a foreign look. Governor Price occupies one of these adobe houses, said to be 250 years old, and I remarked that his big silver door plate was worth more than all the rest of the house. Two companies of United States troops are stationed here, ostensibly to check Indian raids, but really to overawe the " greasers " native Mexicans whom the soldiers told us they had more fears of than Indians. The old Spanish-Mexicans, with that proud Castilian blood that is in their veins, being a conquered race, naturally hate their conquerers, and would gladly wreak vengeance on their representative the soldier. But there is a better, a more progressive element springing up here, as well as elsewhere among these old Spanish towns. The progressive American system, if not already, soon will be dominant. Nice, new brick buildings are springing up, streets are laid out wider, and modern improvements are introduced. And now we are to cross the great desert ! This elevated, arid, deso- late country, where nothing of value grows except by irrigation, where water enough does not flow to moisten a tenth part of the soil; where respiration is difficult, and headaches common. It does not look as though for a thousand miles these elevated plains could ever become settled. Cattle, as poor as crows, are occasionally seen all along the line, struggling on the plain for the last spear of grass or any other nour- LETTER FROM MONTEREY. 453 ishing vegetable, or clinging tremulously to some steep acclivity where might possibly sprout something that would sustain life. But as we come down from the Mojave Desert on to the rich, level prairies of the coast, the transition is marvellous; one can scarcely believe his own eyes. At night, when we retire in our comfortable vestibuled Pullman palace car, the poor Indian, now only a scattering remnant of once powerful tribes, was plowing and preparing the soil for the reception of seed (May 15), representing the early days of spring. This morning, before 7 o'clock, we have passed over the trestle bridge, through the tunnel, and are landed, as it were, in the midst of summer, surrounded by orange groves, graperies, figs, olives, apricots, in the harvest season of waving grain, with fine houses, cattle, roads, fences, and all the evidences of wealth and comfortable homes. We have descended from the high arid desert to the lower arable plains from savage to civilized life from poverty to affluence of wealth, and all this has been accomplished in a few hours ! I must not take the space to recount the blasting influence of wild speculation in many of the towns and cities on the Pacific slope. This has been spasmodic and periodi- cal, now here, now there, but the " booming " malaria has sooner or later touched them all. It began southward and worked northward, culminating at Tacoma and Seattle, now so sadly laid in ruins. It strikes us that it is a sort of regular business. A few wealthy, or would-be wealthy men, get together, form what in modern phrase is called a " syn- dicate," buy a large tract of land, lay out streets with grandiloquent names, construct cable roads, build some large houses, with decorated gardens, rear a magnificent hotel, and then with a masterly hand and brilliant advertisements, the town is inaugurated; the house lots are for sale, the " boom " has commenced. The growth of the place is unprecedented. House lots have in price doubled, trebled, quadrupled, in an infinitely short space of time ! House lots anywhere are a fortune. They even went so crazy in Pasadena as to assume that in a few years the place would be as big as the city of New York ! Many an Eastern man will be sad when I inform you that many of these fine houses, with orange trees in full fruitage, graveled walks and lovely fragrant flowers, have also a small post in a prominent place, with a small bit of board attached to the upper end, upon which is in plain characters printed: "For Sale." But this bit of land called Southern California, which came so cheaply into our possession, was a fine annex. The land is mostly very fertile, especially in fruits. We have for generations been obliged to send to Spain for our raisins, Italy for almonds and olives, Sicily for oranges, Smyrna for our figs, and La Belle France, for our wines, and having little trade with those countries, had to send bills exchanged in payment. Now we are, or soon shall be, not only able to supply these 454 SUPPLEMENT. luxuries of the best quality in abundance, but shall be able to reciprocate the kindly favors so cheerfully extended to us for some centuries. Barley is the principal grain grown in the southern part, is cut green as a substitute for hay, which does not flourish here, and is fed to horses in this condition or is regularly harvested, crushed, and fed to them, and they are said to thrive on it and do good work. It is not a lumber country, but a good deal of redwood lumber is made at Santa Cruz and other places, and both northern pine and redwood are brought here and sold in the rough for $20 to $28 per thousand. There is an immense quantity of lumber in the neighborhood of the Yosemite Valley, if it can ever be reached. For fifty miles, up and down, are some of the finest yellow and sugar pines I ever saw, three to six feet in diameter and 200 feet high. The "big trees " in Maripbsa are the wonder of the world, too big to be of any value simply because they cannot be handled. What can man do with a monster thirty-two feet in diameter? Were they near a water course they might be floated to a sawmill, but over a mountain road fifty miles away, they are of no value. Further down the valley is a chute or race-way fifty-seven miles long, constructed at a cost of over $200,000, for the purpose of floating out lumber. The Yosemite Valley presents one of the wonderful works of nature which about 4,000 people are willing annually to brave over a rough road sixty-five miles by coach to see. After climbing " rough quarries, rocks and hills whose heads touch heaven," one arrives at " Inspiration Point," from which he gets a good view of the valley, the mountains, and falls. The valley is level, about eight miles long by one and a half wide, is walled in by mountains whose granite heads rise almost perpendicularly to the height of 3,000 or 4,000 feet above the valley or 7,000 to 8,000 above the sea level. The Yosemite River dashes down 3,300 feet over the precipice, and at a single bound leaps down 1,502 feet, and looks like an immense white horse tail. The " Bridal Veil " has a fall of 860 feet. The " Sentinel," " Ribbon," and other falls have a greater height. While at San Francisco we visited Chinatown at night, the only time to study Chinese character and habits. They are a very superstitious set, have many gods, in fact, any man who has done a generous, noble or heroic deed, may afterwards be set up and worshipped. Their Joss houses contain many of these gods in human form, with long beards, in a niche or temple surrounded by gaudy decorations. No public meet- ings are held, but each individual goes in for a trade with his idol upon his own terms. Incense or Joss sticks are kept constantly burning. They have "good" and "bad "devils, but, of course, the good are pro- pitiated more than the bad. But the cellars and dens where they live and smoke opium are filthy and disgusting beyond description. If any . 1bap0oo& anD bis pointer, /Bbarh. LETTER FROM MONTEREY. 455 man would come out here and see the condition of things, he would be ashamed to go East and say he wished to reduce American labor to this condition. Monterey is one of the towns that has a fine, large hotel one of the finest on the Pacific coast. The atmosphere is remarkably even, both summer and winter. The mercury rarely rises above 70 or falls to the freezing point. For the few days \ve have been here it has been 60 in the morning and 65 to 70 during the warmest part of the day. The old town is about one and a quarter miles distant, and one is shown the old fortification thrown up in the night time by General Fremont in 1846, which compelled the surrender of the fort and the town. We are to leave this place on Monday, for San Francisco, and from that place northward on Wednesday. W. HAPGOOD. RECOLLECTIONS OF A HALF CENTURY. [From Shooting and Fishing, Christmas Number, LOOKING backward fifty years ! How dim and misty the view ! How faint the lines become, and how difficult to follow ! In attempting to retrace our steps over once trod fields and trust to memory as our guide, we shall be liable to overlook much that would be interesting, and omit much that should be recorded. To glean the golden grain and reject the tares is no easy task. Events that greatly impressed us as impor- tant, and were deeply stamped upon the memory fifty years ago, have faded into utter insignificance ; while others of less moment linger, as if "to the manor born." And then some events that transpired fifty years ago seem fresher in memory than others that happened within a much less interval ; for instance, we remember precisely where we were when we first beheld a gun with percussion locks, while we do not recollect when or where we first saw a hammerless gun. Any errors we may make in this brief review must be attributed to a deficient memory rather than to an attempt to deceive, for, above all things, we abhor a literary fraud. In no department of letters has greater advances been made than 456 SUPPLEMENT. SPORTING LITERATURE. Early in the present century the subject of American ornithology attracted the attention of naturalists, and works of value began to be published. The great work of Audubon's, " American Birds " which cost the author the better part of a lifetime of labor and anxiety was finished about 1838. Up to about this time few books with nomenclature and characterization adapted to this country had been published, and most of them were by foreign authors, whose language was better adapted to the birds of their own than to this country. The mammalia of America had been neglected even more than our feathered tribes. The students of our fauna, thus handicapped, struggled on resolutely reconstructing and reforming out of such material as was at hand, until an entire revolution in this branch of science has been wrought. We presume no country in the world to-day has its fauna better delineated than our own. The young student of the present time can hardly realize the difficulties one encountered in the earlier part of the present century in obtaining satisfactory scientific knowledge as to the habits, character, range, habitat, or even the adopted names, so as to identify any particular species ; in fact, the best authors of that day had adopted no uniform nomenclature, and were constantly combating each other on propriety or priority. Mark the difference in our ornithological works to-day ! Every one of our native birds about 1,000 is scientifically described, named, classified, not by one author, but by scores, more or less worthy the gratitude not alone of sportsmen, but of the whole American people. In addition to the standard works on ornithology, we have an immense periodical literature and sportsmen's papers broad- cast throughout the length and breadth of the land probably superior to that of any other country on the globe. FIREARMS. In order to make the present generation of sportsmen understand the marvellous improvements that have been made in firearms, we must go back somewhat beyond the half-century limit assigned us. The inven- tion of the compound which we call gunpowder, was invented by the Chinese, as we are told, about A. D. 600. The process of graining was not discovered for many years after. This gave birth to the desire for some sort of implement whereby the expansive force of the explosion could be applied to projectiles. The bamboo tube was tried, but found not to have strength enough to resist the pressure. Experiments with an iron tube met better success. The tube was plugged, the vent created, and lo ! we have a gun barrel. All those beautiful, laminated, steel gun barrels which we see so common to-day around us, are the offspring of this invention. From generation to generation through the centuries improvements have been made. The method of igniting the explosive RECOLLECTIONS OF A HALF CENTURY. 457 in the tube was curious, and shows by what slow processes the present system was evolved. One of the early methods was to tie the tube to a log, and then, with a coal of fire, ignite the powder. Further on, the tube, or gun barrel, was fastened to a lighter piece of wood, that could be held by one man and touched off by another. Later came a contriv- ance for holding a fuse, and still later the match-lock was invented. Following these was the flint-lock, the percussion cap, and electric spark. All the guns in use in our younger days were of the flint-lock pattern. The flint-lock was an ingenious contrivance for applying the flint and steel to igniting the powder in the flash pan. The flint and steel was almost the only method of producing fire known to the people of that period. Every household had its flint, steel, and tinder box. The old flint-lock had its mainspring, tumbler, dog, and sear-spring. The ham- mer held the flint, and, being cocked, when the trigger was pressed, fell with great force upon the steel anvil, which covered the flash pan, throwing it back, and forcing the fire along down its surface to the powder in the pan, which it ignited, and, the flame being pressed through the vent, exploded the charge in the gun. All this process occupied a very brief period of time, during which the gun must be held steadily to point. This slow process of combustion, together with the extreme length of the gun, rendered it almost useless for wing shooting in tall cover; but the earlier settlers had no other. Most of the guns in use down to and during the first quarter of the present century were such as were brought out by immigrants, and of a very miscellaneous character. Confronted by a savage foe, as the first settlers were, the need of arms for defence, and for procuring food, was most urgent. In this pressing emergency, a few ingenious mechanics here and there one under- took to manufacture by hand one or more guns. Ammunition was scarce and procured with great difficulty, and to economize in this respect, these guns were mostly made of small caliber 20, or even smaller. Some of these home-made guns were very neat and wonderful specimens of artistic design and workmanship. We can hardly under- stand how, with the means at hand, such beautiful examples were pro- duced. It must be remembered that there was not in the whole country, in that era, what would be called to-day a set of mechanic's tools, or any sort of tool, ready made, for sale. If a carpenter, or other mechanic, wanted an ax, hammer, chisel, or other tool, he must make it himself, or rely upon the skill of the village blacksmith for it. The few men that were led by genius or curiosity to attempt making a gun were, by the same forces, taught to make their own tools for the enterprise. We are in possession of one of these heirlooms that fell to us from our ancestor, and as it is a fine specimen, in excellent preserva- tion, a brief description of it may not be unprofitable or uninteresting to 458 SUPPLEMENT. the younger readers of Shooting and Fishing. The barrel is forty-eight inches long, and the breech sixteen inches, or a total length of sixty-four inches. Some of the guns of that era were much longer. Then there is a bayonet over a foot long, which forces us to the conclusion that the arm was intended for warlike purposes, as well as for the peaceful pur- suits of a sportsman. The stock is of cherry, and extends the entire length of the barrel, except a space of about three inches for fixing the bayonet. All the trimmings, the quills, trigger, and breech guards, the tablet for date and name, and the long muzzle sight, are of brass. It has iron ramrod, as most guns had at that date, especially if intended for bullets. Of course there was a bullet mold, and leather pouch, or bag, for carrying ammunition, "priming wire and brush, and two spare flints," as the statute required. The pouch, which was a curiosity in model we regret to say, mysteriously disappeared. This gun, during the lifetime of its owner, hung high up on its sacred hooks, out of the reach of the children, and must not be handled by any one except on very special occasions, such as when a rapacious hawk attempted surreptitiously to purloin a chicken, or a felicitous crow presumed on a premature harvest of the corn, for the gun was ever loaded ready for such like intrepid intruders, and marvellous stories are told of the great distances at which an enemy had been made to "bite the dust." In the field, among squirrels and partridges, it was said to have had no superior. It was customary in those days to make turkey and chicken shoots, about Thanksgiving time, open to all. The fowl would be set up on a stump or stone, at twenty rods for ball, and twelve for shot, and this little twenty-three gauge gun, made by Phinheas Sawyer, in Harvard, Massachusetts, in the year 1777, was sure to win for its owner a full share of the booty. We well remember, in our youthful days, when the governor was absent, how rapidly our sporting proclivities developed, and we stealthily mounted a chair, took the forbidden arm from its hooks, and with the worm on the end of the iron ramrod, drew the tow wad and emptied out the shot, knowing, by sad experience, that so heavy a charge would be more likely to lay us upon the ground than the sparrow or chipmunk aimed at. In those days there was among the boys great scarcity of money, and we had to practise some pretty nice strategic movements in order to secure the necessary funds to carry on the season's campaign. Trap- ping and snaring were resorted to, and occasionally a rabbit or musquash pelt would fall to the treasury department, or some good friend would drop a penny into the slot of the banking house to cheer the heart of its owner. So hard pressed were some of the boys for shot, that sheet lead, or junks of lead beaten into sheets, would be cut into strips, and these in turn into square bits, as substitutes for shot, RECOLLECTIONS OF A HALF CENTURY. 459 and at short range were quite effectual and more satisfactory than peas or pebbles, both of which were at times used. The primitive contrivances for carrying ammunition were not only curious but amusing. The powder horns, which were so universally used, were of great antiquity, and served their purpose through many wars. They were of a great variety of shapes, colors, and workmanship ; some were plain, in the rough, while others were selected with great care for their clearness, boiled until quite soft, and then shaved and scraped down very thin so that the owner could at any moment see through the transparent horn how much powder he had on hand, which might be of the highest importance to him. The outside of some of the horns was decorated with artistic figures carved upon them, such as birds, beasts, landscapes, Indians, and the like. These curiously wrought powder horns had the large end closed by a carved wood stopper, and the small or service end, by a small stopper of the same material. In some families they were prized highly, and handed down from father to son through many generations. By some they were regarded and kept with that veneration the Alaskan does his sacred totem pole. Shot was also carried in horns, in the absence of a leather pouch, and, when neither was at hand, loosely in the pocket. No charger but the hand was known in those days, and the amount of ammunition served was regulated by the eye according to the size of gun and game, more, of course, for a bear or deer than for a partridge or squirrel. The legislature was annually convoked on the last Wednesday in May, which was then called election day, and this, especially with the boys, became a sort of holiday. It was customary for the lads in a neighbor- hood to assemble at an appointed time and place for a grand hunt. They would organize by the choice of captains, and these high and distinguished officers were to select alternately from the assembly such as had a reputation as hunters, and at the end of the day the judges were to decide which party was victorious. All sorts and sizes of guns were brought into service, and nearly all the birds and animals that were met might be killed. As each bird and animal had a fixed value, small birds for instance counting one, while the largest would count eight or more, it was easy for the judges to determine which was the defeated side. Usually there was no penalty attached to the defeat, but the mortification was grievous and lasted through the year. The impecunious condition of the youth did not allow of a sumptuous dinner at the hotel in token of the victory of 'lection day, but the good mothers, rejoicing with their sons that they could have one day of freedom from toil in the year, would provide 'lection cake and pumpkin pies, and possibly lemonade, for the great occasion, and this terminated the boys' holiday. If we contrast those 460 SUPPLEMENT. frugal days with the present luxurious style of living, we shall be forcibly struck by the result of the two methods. It is certain that many qf those boys trained in the school of adversity did find that those rigid rules of economy, born of a necessity, were of great service in after life, carrying them through a business career that ended in wealth and honor. The growing sentiment of the people was, however, opposed to this wholesale slaughter of the beautiful song birds for mere amusement, and efforts were made for its suppression. The farmers discovered that destruction of the insectivorous birds meant destruction of certain crops. These birds were their friends and allies, keeping the trees and vines free from their enemies the moths and larvae and they must not be destroyed. The day for convening the General Court was in 1831 changed from the last Wednesday in May to the first Wednesday in January, and the boys 'lection holiday, with all its iniquities, gradually, after many years, became extinct, and the little birds rejoiced. So strong had public opinion become in regard to the usefulness of our feathered tribes, that, with few exceptions, they are now protected by stringent laws, which, we are happy to believe, are pretty generally observed. In this we think we see more clearly than ever that evolution is taking place in morals as well as in mechanics. There was a class of guns in general use in this country down to about 1850, or to the time that lighter and better began to be made wholly or in part by machinery. These old guns were known as " King's arms," and were such as had been taken from the British during the wars of the Revolution and of 1812, or perhaps some were left here by the royalists during the first-named war as they precipitously departed for Nova Scotia and other places. These guns were long, single barrel, heavy flint-lock things, twelve gauge, and weighing about twelve pounds. The youthful sportsman of to-day would be surprised, if he should meet one of these veterans in the field, to think that any- thing could be killed with one of the clumsy arms. But they were quite popular; in fact, about the best guns in use for ducks and large game, especially for ducks and geese shot from a boat or shore battery. As the open hand was the usual charger, and as the gun was large and strong, about a handful of powder would be turned in for a goose or duck at long range, and in most cases they proved quite destructive. These guns, together with the smaller bores, were many of them altered to percussion locks by introducing a tube in place of the flash pan and the hammer to strike the cap. Even down to the present day these guns may be seen in use along shore or in remote rural districts. About 1830 there was a fashion for bell muzzle guns, and a few were imported. Some of these guns had elliptical mouths, which it was thought would spread the shot horizontally and devastate the greater RECOLLECTIONS OF A HALF CENTURY. 461 part of a flock. At first it was believed that the bell muzzle had less recoil, but after a while the opinion that they would scatter more and had less penetration gained ground ; the fad was finally abandoned. No innovation has made a greater revolution in firearms than the discovery of the PERCUSSION CAP. The new mode of detonation, invented and patented by Mr. Forsyth in 1807, was tardily introduced into this country, and was not adopted in the British army till 1840. About 1830, or a little earlier, the old method began, very reluctantly, to yield to the new ; but its progress was slow, and was not in general use before 1840 or down to 1850. About this time new guns began to be manufactured wholly or in part by machinery. Many of the old flint guns had been transformed, and all the new ones adopted the new invention. The single barrel was dis- placed by the double barrel, and all of them were made much shorter and larger caliber. As late as 1860 most of the guns in use here were imported. It is cheering to us to see what rapid strides manufacturing has made in this country during the past forty or fifty years, and we think gun making is fully abreast with any other department. The gun has undergone an entire revolution the barrels, the stock, the locks. The entire mechanism is, by the ingenuity of our mechanics, so much improved as to render the old style almost useless. Many of the new improvements in firearms are the result of the invention of the percussion cap. The improvements in ammunition are no less astonishing than in guns, but what would a shell be worth without the percussion cap? Would all those delicate and curious contrivances called locks, ever have been invented but for the percussion cap ? We have often been led to consider if invention lives, as we have no reason to believe it will not what will be the condition of firearms at the end of another century? Or, perhaps it were more sensible to ask, if it is presumed there will at that period be any game left, or any use for sporting guns ? We confess the future is to us all a mystery. Contrast the gunner of a half century or more ago, starting out in the morning for a day's hunt, with his long, single-barrel gun, powder horn, and shot belt slung across his shoulders, a spare flint in his bag, with screw driver to transfer the same, his pockets filled with tow, oakum, a hornet's nest, or paper for wadding, a heavy ramrod for pressing the wad solid home, with the gunner of to-day in his neat duck suit, the pockets well bestowed with loaded shell, and his double-barreled breechloader so daintily appointed. Can any one be too thankful that he was born late in the nineteenth century ? The first-named gunner may, without a dog, get more game than the second with his fine blood setter, simply from the fact of the greater abundance of game. If the gunner of the olden time had a dog at all, it was likely to be a spaniel. The cocker spaniel 462 SUPPLEMENT. was at that period very popular, and deservedly so. He was of a most cheerful and amiable disposition, capable, and willing to endure any hardships for his master; nimble, intelligent, and fond of hunting; a good watchdog, patient with children, and when woodcock and partridge were plentiful, a most useful animal in the field, especially when trained to hunt close or not range too wide. They have good noses, and one could tell by his actions when he struck a scent as readily as when a setter came to point, and when birds were so plentiful that the dog would flush fifty or more in a day, it mattered little if some did escape. Woodcock, in those days, were found more in low bush cover than at present, and when one was flushed and missed, he was not pursued if he flew back. It was a greater loss of time to pursue than to find a fresh bird. The spaniel was peculiarly adapted to cornfield shooting. When woodcock were everywhere abundant they would, as soon as the corn was large enough to afford cover, or say about the middle of August, betake themselves to a wet corner of the field where worms, upon which the festive woodcock feeds, were supposed to abound. It was fun to see the little spaniel dash in among them, and compel them to take wing; and it was more fun for the gunner, posted on a stump or other com- manding position, to down them as they sprung. When the open season for these birds commenced on the 4th of July, cornfield shooting in summer was regarded as affording as fine sport as could be obtained in this country. As the birds from year to year grew scarcer and scarcer, cornfield shooting died out. We have for the past five or ten years scarcely seen a woodcock in a cornfield. The younger set of sportsmen of to-day very likely never knew that they resorted thither, nor will they be likely, knowing as they do, the reputation of gunners for veracity, believe the stories told by Frank Forester, when he used to visit Warwick Woodlands, and shoot seventy-five woodcock in a day, or " Cale " Loring and Colonel Emery kill ninety-nine in a day and a half at Salem, N. H. But the decimation of the woodcock necessitated a change in the breed of hunting dogs. A more careful and precise worker must be found. The Clumber spaniel, of which Prince Albert's pack was at one time composed, was hardly satisfactory in our rough cover, and our gunners settled down on setters and pointers. The former we reckon as the most popular. Nowadays, if a couple of gun' ners, with these high-bred dogs, go out and spring six woodcock, six birds are expected to be found in bag at night, if they shoot over a pair of well-trained dogs. We have found, of late years, however, that even as many as six of the birds cannot be flushed every day, and hunting in this vicinity has become more like day labor than sport. And so it was with grouse. When they were abundant, and not dis- turbed, the little spaniel would dash in among the covies, and as they rose he would give tongue, which would generally bring them to bay RECOLLECTIONS OF A HALF CENTURY. 463 upon the first tree, where the long, single-barrel gun could sometimes be discharged and reloaded several times, so unsophisticated were the birds. But as the work of annihilation went on, the spaniel became useless, and the birds, what few were left, became shy, and now they are so wary as not always to be counted on lying to point. Many of them now, on hearing the approach of the gunner, take wing for safety out of reach of the gun. We believe this is a rule with Bonasa umbellus. In a wilderness, under normal conditions, when flushed, they at once light on a tree, but after being hunted and shot at, they prefer to trust to their wings for safety. In fact, this holds good with most of the feathered tribes, but less so with the woodcock than some of the others. Many years ago, snipe shooting used to be a favorite amusement ; but for a good many years we have scarcely seen a scohpax Wilsonii. After a cold snap in October, one may strike a flight and secure a few ; but they are about as uncertain a bird to find as flies. Fifty years ago wild pigeons (Ectopistes migratorius) were too numer- ous to delineate, and could be shot sitting upon a dry stub of a tree in or near almost any piece of woodland. During the migrating season in September immense flocks were seen wending their way to the south- west in the eastern part of Massachusetts. They were easily baited, and thousands of dozens were caught that way in nets. It was quite an industry at one time, and was recognized and protected by our Legis- lature. They used to breed all over New England. While they are not entirely exterminated, they have become so scarce that we have not seen one in this State for five or six years, and very few in California or the West. The same painful decrease in numbers has taken place with the swim- ming birds. In Worcester County, where we resided fifty or more years since, many gaggles of these cuneiform flyers would be seen during their autumn migrations, and the same thing occurred in the spring when they were going north to breed. When the Pilgrims and other early settlers arrived here, they found geese bred all over the continent, but as population increased, the birds retreated further north to rear their little families. But so rare have they become that residents in that county for several years have seen very few, and we do not presume there is to-day one (Anser canadensis} where there were fifty at the time referred to. Of all the duck species visiting our waters, the black duck (Anas obscura) has been the sportsman's first choice. They are gastronomically excellent; they arrive early and stay late in fact, are found along our seaboard all winter. Formerly they bred all around us, and even now, in some sequestered nook, nests may be occasionally found. In the earlier times, during September and October, the gunners could find these ducks in almost any of the small ponds throughout the Com- 464 SUPPLEMENT. monwealth, and it was a favorite sport. Now, however, they have become so scarce that very few persons care to waste time hunting them. The young ducks reared in fresh water, and never having visited the salt marshes, are very delicious, quite different from those reared and fed along our friths and estuaries on "wrinkles" and other marine mol- lusks. These ducks have been ruthlessly slaughtered along the coast in midwinter, when they were so poor as to be almost worthless for food, and we contend that if they are of value to our people, they should be protected during the winter months, or from the middle of December or ist of January to the following September. When our bays and har- bors are frozen over, except in a few spring holes or feeding places on the marshes or flats, and the birds are obliged to resort to these for food and water in a half-starved condition, any one can see that if a gunner is disposed to take advantage of the desperate situation of the ducks, and lie by these feeding places, he may slaughter the poor creatures indefi- nitely or until they are exterminated ; and this has for some years, in certain localities, been the condition of things. Great destruction of the ducks has taken place on the plashes or feeding places, at eventide, by using wood decoys, or bunches of seaweed mounted on short sticks ; and these bits of seaweed prove to be quite good lures in the twilight, or darkness, as the birds come in to feed. Here, also, is the superiority of the improved breechloader made manifest. " The gunner using the breechloader, may sit secreted in his blind all the evening and shoot unexposed, whereas, the man with muzzleloader must rise every time he shoots, and reload, and in earlier days, with no other chargers than his hand, he was liable to overload, the charge being an " unknown quantity," exposing those at either end of the gun to possible damage ; and then, while standing up to load, the ducks would not return, but settle down in the distance to the business of the evening. The modern gun is also immeasurably superior to the ancient in shore-bird shooting. If a flock of birds being attracted by the decoys, approaches the blind, and many are swept down by the first discharge, a call note from the stand lures them back, while the concealed gunner slips in a couple more cartridges and pours these into the returning flock ; and this may be repeated several times with some species until the flock is annihilated, or the remnant departs for other feeding grounds. How is it with the muzzleloader ? He must stand up and expose himself while charging his gun, and, before he can be seated, the birds that rose at the sound of his gun have caught sight of him, and retreated a long distance to other feeding places, where they may remain for hours, and he loses the day in waiting for them to return. In brant shooting the breechloader is eminently more destructive than the muzzleloader. When a shot is fired by the latter, and cripples are made, they must be gathered at once or they will escape to deep water RECOLLECTIONS OF A HALF CENTURY. 465 by swimming, whereas, with a breechloader no time is lost, as the pur- suer slips in a couple of loaded shells, and is soon in the midst of the fleeing birds, blazing away, right and left, and none are likely to escape. But this style of rapid loading and firing is fatal to the business of replenishing the stock of live decoys. While the brant is one of the most edible of our aquatic birds, it is about the only one that can numerically hold its own against the improved breechloader and other skilful inventions for its destruction. They are entirely exempt from human harm in their boreal breeding places, and, as they rarely touch our shores on their passage southward, where, until quite recently, very few have been killed, it is the opinion of some of the best judges that they are fully as numerous now as they were fifty years ago. We do not regard coot as a very desirable fowl for the table ; but by the skilful manipulation of the cook they may be so disguised as to lose identity, and usually a " mess " of coot excites the conflicting opin- ions in a family for a month. Undesirable as these birds are for food, their numbers are steadily diminishing. Fifty years since they were not shot over decoys as at present. We are informed by an old coot shooter at Cape Ann that in his early days no decoys were used, but that the birds were so plentiful that a boat or string of boats could lay off, and, with flint-lock, single-barrel guns they could get all they wanted. He estimates that there is not now one coot where there were fifty when he first began to shoot, or say fifty years ago. It was found that they were easy birds to decoy, could be toled in by bladders painted black, or almost any object having the semblance of ducks. Later on, all the contrivances for their destruction were improved, guns, ammunition, decoys, boats, and it does seem that, unless protected by statute, they, as well as their betters, will ere long be numbered with the dinornis, the dodo, the pied duck, and others of our noble and valued birds. The introduction of new species is one of the schemes proposed for replenishing our depleted covers, and this, while it is very generous on the part of our sportsmen who had undertaken the experiment, the newly introduced species should have not only the protection of law, but also the co-operation and support of the people at large. It was from no sordid or selfish motive the enterprise was embarked in, but simply from philanthropic motives. He who should permanently stock our forests with turkeys, grouse, bob-white, or any exotic game bird, should be classed with him who made two spears of grass grow where but one grew before. It is not so very many years since the great fever for colonizing the European quail in this country prevailed, and thousands of these little Coturnix communis were imported for that purpose and set free ; but, far as we know, the whole scheme was a failure. From some cause, still 466 SUPPLEMENT. unknown, they all perished. The importation and planting of the Chinese pheasant, on the Pacific coast, is thought to be eminently successful. In the course of time these birds may spread over the country, and, if not too pugnacious, prove a blessing to future genera- tions of sportsmen. We see no reason why the sharp-tail grouse, recently planted here, may not thrive in the mountains of New England. If we should be so fortunate as to naturalize them, it would, in some degree, compensate for the growing scarcity of our native partridge. The prairie hen, once plentiful here, has now more serious obstacles to contend with than when on its native heath. If they were extermi- nated during the reign of the flint-lock, how are they to survive the breechloader? Still we are hopeful that successful efforts will be made to bring exotic species here, and that some of them will thrive and give to future generations of sportsmen, a taste of the invigorating exercise and pleasure we have so abundantly enjoyed. No bodily exertion is more conducive to health than field sports. Even the shock caused by the discharge of a gun is said to be healthful. A ramble in the pure air and sunlight, over mountain and plain, in quest of game, certainly is. The younger class of gunners are apt to complain that most of the best covers are posted, and that shooting is not free as of yore. This is undoubtedly most true, but it all grew out of a necessity, resulting from the recklessness of the gunners themselves. If they had always been careful not to break down fences, trample upon grass or grain, or do other damage, there would be no necessity for posting. It is in self- defence not from innate meanness that the farmer posts his land. Nor is the gunner alone responsible for these restrictions. There is a worse set to contend with a class that pretend to be sportsmen, but are really thieves, ready to take to bag, nuts, fruit, melons, and any sort of plunder they can lug home, and perhaps more on Sundays than any other day. It is said that locks and bolts are unnecessary in Mohammedan countries to protect property. We have often wished some philanthropic individual would import a cargo of Mohammedan morality, and dispose of the entire invoice to selfish gunners, fruit thieves, and pot hunters. W. HAPGOOD. BRANT SHOOTING AT CHATHAM, CAPE COD. WITH A BRIEF SKETCH OF THE MONOMOY BRANTING CLUB. It was our custom for many years, at the close of each season, to report to some sporting journal the result of the shooting at the Monomoy Branting Club. Some of these papers under their respective dates, are introduced here for the benefit of such readers as are interested in that kind of literature. The cuts illustrate various features of brant shooting and camp life at Chatham, all perfectly familiar to those who have visited that locality. [Forest and Stream, April 7, 1881.] BRANT shooting is a peculiar kind of sport that but few have indulged in. There are many obstacles in the way. The haunts of the birds are few and isolated, their feeding grounds limited, their sojourn brief; nor can any degree of success be achieved without the proper appliances, such as a house to live in, boats, boxes, bars, live decoys, and a skilful hand to manipulate them. When, however, all these are attained no spring shoot- ing on the coast of New England, gives greater satisfaction or better rewards the energy and skill of the sportsman. The birds are large, numerous, and, gastronomically, have no superiors. This little goose must not, however, be confounded with the brant of the West. In some of the States almost anything in the shape of a goose is called " brant." Our bird Anserfrernic/a,Audobon,jBernt{;ta brenta, Stephens weighs about three and a half pounds. But they are not distributed universally along the Atlantic shores as are Canada geese, black ducks, coot, and other aquatic birds. At the easterly end of Massachusetts is the nice, old-fashioned town of Chatham, and some three miles away to the south- ward of this is the island of Monomoy, a mere belt of sand running still further southward, about six miles. Almost the whole of Cape Cod is composed of a granulated, silicious sand, which has great mobility in wind or water. Monomoy shares the common heritage of the cape and her sister isles. Had Rip Van Winkle fallen asleep on Cape Cod in place of Kaatskill, he would, on waking, have found the harbor, channels, and islands metamorphosed as thoroughly as the people. Not many years since the bar or island, of which we are speaking, had a ship channel between it and another similar bar, Nanset, through which the commerce of the town was carried on. Subsequently a shifting current 467 468 SUPPLEMENT. filled the channel with this movable sand, connected the bars, and closed the entrance to the inner harbor. Still later, during a severe easterly storm, a crevasse near the town was made in the outer bar, which has since so widened as to allow the tide to ebb and flow through it. This change of current has not only chafed and fretted away the hill upon which stood the government lighthouse, compelling its removal, but also washed away the wharves, filled the channel, and ruined the remnant of commerce that was left to the unfortunate town. What strikes one as most singular at this place is, that at a depth of some fifty feet below the foundation of said lighthouse, where the hill has been cut away by the action of water, the stumps of large trees, quite unlike any forest growth of the present day in the vicinity, are exposed to view. Over- lying these stumps is a stratum of clay which has the appearance of being hardened into rock by the pressure of the superincumbent mass of sand or some other cause. Similar instances of large stumps still remaining in salt marshes occur at Hingham and other places along the coast. Of course, these large trees did not grow in salt water. Whether the erosive waves have destroyed the barriers that warded these denizens of the forest, or the whole coast is more depressed than formerly, we leave to the researches of the archaeologists to determine. -Facing eastward from Monomoy one sees the broad Atlantic where " they on the trading flood ply, stemming nightly toward the pole." It is no uncommon occurrence for a fleet of a hundred sail to be seen at anchor, or struggling against wind or tide to reach a port, and many a gallant ship has been wrested from her course by the storm king, and tossed upon the beach as a mere toy. After an easterly gale one of the objects of intense interest to tourists is the matchless grandeur of the spectacle of " hills of seas Olympus high " that dash themselves in thunder upon this sand bar, again and again to be absorbed in the bosom of the refluentwave. On the westerly side of the island, stretch- ing up and down some miles, is what is called " Chatham Great Flats," over which the water flows, varying from two feet to almost nothing according as it is full or neap tide. Adjoining these flats on the southerly or westerly side is deep, blue water, where grows an immense quantity of common eel grass (Zostera marina), upon which the brant feed; and this is the great feeding ground for these birds on Cape Cod. So attractive is this locality that thousands of these little Anserine? assemble here every spring to " feed and batten " preparatory to the long journey via Prince Edward's Island to their breeding grounds at or near the North Pole. It will be understood the marine vegetable that proves so savory a morsel to the brant grows in water five or six feet deep at high tide, and as these birds are not divers, they can only feed at low or nearly low tide. Then as the flood tide drives them from BRANT SHOOTING, 1881. 469 their feeding grounds, particularly when it is breezy, the birds become uneasy and scatter about in little " pods " or flocks, evidently seeking other feeding grounds or more comfortable quarters where they can rest till the tide ebbs so they can return to the feast. It is during this period from about half flood to half ebb tide that the brant are flitting about over the flats and are liable to catch sight of and be lured to the decoys ; and it is during these four or five hours each day that the shooting is done. The time for the brant to arrive from the South in spring varies considerably ; in fact, none of the swimming birds Natatore* are as punctual on time as are the waders or Grallatores. A warm, forward spring brings along the brant in considerable numbers by the ist of March ; whereas, a backward season will hardly make good shooting before the end of that month, and by the 25th of April so few remain as to offer the sportsman no inducement to pursue them further, though it is quite probable a few straggling flocks may be seen as late as the ist or even the loth of May. During this period they are con- stantly coming and going, especially when the wind is to the southward and westward. It will be readily observed that the shooting season at best only extends over a period of four or five weeks. They rarely stop at this place in autumn on their way South, and if they do are not fat or fit for table use. The birds on arriving in the spring enter the bay from the West in flocks or gaggles varying from a few individuals up to several hundred at no great distance from the mainland, some- times passing directly over, not deigning to stop even though their food is abundantly spread out before them, and thousands of their less suspicious brethren are feeding there, while other flocks will gradually lower themselves down, swing round once or twice, then plunge into the liquid element. All the migratory birds that follow the coast line must, of necessity, pass this point both spring and fall. Sometimes they lift and go over Nanset Bar or Monomoy Island, and sometimes they pass around the southerly end of the island, Cape Malabar; but the great mass rise to a safe altitude, strike a "bee line " east by north, and pass directly over this strip of land. We have often remarked that the leader of each flock must have a pocket compass placed in the top of his head, so unerringly do they steer. The flocks of brant on arriving, departing, or passing over are quite irregular in shape now in column, now in line, now one end or the other folding upon the centre, now are in a bunch, then again in line, and as the little dark specks disappear away down the dim, distant eastern horizon, they are more likely to hold the latter position than any other. Of all the multitudinous millions we have seen during the last quarter century not a single flock was ever for any length of time in cuneiform or V shape as are Canada geese. We do not pretend to say how they fly in other latitudes or under other 470 SUPPLEMENT. circumstances. Doctor Kane and other good authorities have spoken of their flight as being cuneiform in shape in high northern latitudes. This may hold true at Wellington Channel or Renssalaer Bay, but does not accord with our observations at Cape Cod. One would naturally suppose, on seeing these birds constantly feeding at any locality along shore, it would be easy enough to kill them. There are many such places up and down our coast, but for reasons very few birds can be killed. At the mouth of Bass River many brant linger and feed through the entire season; but there are no "flats," no points where boxes can be planted and successfully worked; the water is too deep, the shore too bluff, and the brant feed only at low tide. A box might be placed on the feeding ground, and operated for a short time during each low tide, but the depth of water in the immediate vicinity would prevent the recovery of cripples, an important item in brant shooting, and, more- over, all our experience teaches us that shooting at these birds on their feeding ground soon drives them to other quarters, from which they would never return. The same conclusion was arrived at on examining the harbor of Nantucket. It will be found even at Chatham that before any shooting can be done a vast amount of hard work is to be per- formed. The feeding grounds and flats are so far from the town that living there is not practicable, and a shanty or house must be built on the island. Boxes are to be made, pens constructed for holding the live decoys, and a well dug for fresh water. This " well " arrangement is a curiosity to the uninitiated. The island where the shanty is located is not over 200 yards wide, but of undulating surface, /. 's Unmt. COUNTY LINK, NOKTII CAROLINA. PARTRIDGE SHOOTING, N. C. 529 Roberts, the Blackwells, Strouds, and a host of others in the latter, have been so kind and entertained us with such generous hospitality, as to place us under a deep debt of gratitude, long to be remembered. One cut represents one of these places of rendezvous, and the two following letters describe sufficiently the character of the country and style of hunting. DAVIE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA, February 20, 1892. [From Shooting and Fishing.} Ortyx Virginianus (bob-white) in this section is universally called par- tridge. Mr. J. and myself came here on the ist inst. in pursuit of these wily little creatures, and to escape a portion of the rigors of a New England winter. We are located in Davie County, about a hundred miles from that deservedly popular resort, Asheville, and near the foot of the Blue Ridge. Never were we so forcibly impressed by the pro- priety of the name " Blue " Ridge as when riding along on this excursion, and witnessing the peculiar cerulean or smoky tint by which the peaks and valleys are enveloped. Bonasa umbellus, known here as pheasant, is said to reside among the mountains ; so also are deer, but they are rarely, if ever, seen in this or adjoining counties. Wild turkeys are scattered about here in slender numbers, and are occasionally shot. My companion shot one last week, which furnished forth a most excellent Sunday dinner. They are more plump, thicker breasted, and richer flavored than a domestic turkey. I have never had the fortune to see a live one, though I have traveled miles, through briers and "broom straw," to accomplish this most desirable object. The only way to hunt them in this region is to "blunder on to them." Another feature of the country about here is that one never sees a duck, or any of the order natatores. All of the southern Atlantic States are singularly barren of lakes and ponds, excepting, perhaps, Florida, and all the rivers and branches are turbid, seemingly loaded with as much clayey mud as they can float, which renders them incapable of generating or sustaining animal life of any kind to any great extent. We presume the entire absence of water-fowl from the rivers is not because they are not secluded enough, but simply because of a lack of food. The same remark would hold good in regard to fishes. We really had supposed that up in these mountain streams fine trout would be found, but, far as we can learn, there are no fishes in any of the streams, except catfish, eels, the robust, unpalatable scavenger, called carp, and a few allied species. Indeed, the moving waters hold in solu- tion such large quantities of earth, that it is evidently only a question of time when the mountains shall be removed to the sea. 530 SUPPLEMENT. About the only game in this section that could possibly seem to attract sportsmen is the partridge (bob-white), of which there are goodly numbers which will be likely to remain. All the conditions are favor- able. The climate is admirable. During our sojourn, on the I3th inst, the mercury touched 20, but this condition is of short duration. At noon of the same day it rose to 50. Then there is a large quantity of wheat and other cereals raised up and down the country, and will be more if cotton remains at the present low figure of seven cents per pound. Although springs of pure water are not to be found as common as in Massachusetts, yet the country is well watered by muddy rivulets and branches. Nor are hiding places and suitable covers lacking for the birds, and so the three conditions food, water, covert necessary for an abundant supply of these birds, are all present in addition to most favorable climate and few gunners. As a rule, the Southern planters are not well equipped for the field, neither in dogs or guns. There are very few foxes hereabouts, and the worst enemies the partridge have are hawks; these are varied and numerous. On one plantation, where we were invited to shoot, we sprung several covies (gangs), none of which contained more than seven or eight birds, and they had none of them been shot off. We shot at one in a corn field ; missed it; but the moment it emerged from among the corn stalks, a hawk swooped down, struck the bird, and proudly escaped with his prey. Innocuous creatures, when pursued by rapacious foes, seem to be partially paralyzed, and incapable of exercising their best energies to escape. We have seen a mink pursue a hare on the snow, overtake it, and strike a death blow at its jugular, and yet one would presume, as he sees a hare fleeing, as if on wings, before the hounds, that he was placed upon a superior footing, and capable of escaping from any of the car- nivora, unless some magnetic or other influence was brought to bear upon it. We are sure of the method of destruction in this instance, for, the quarry was immediately rescued from the blood-thirsty butcher, and served to the family for breakfast the next morning. Although the partridge is a very quick motioned bird, and keeps in cover much of the time, yet he is exposed while out feeding, and as his enemy is swifter of wing than himself, his chance of escaping is small, and undoubtedly the covies become depleted in this way. The whole country, from Pennsylvania to the Gulf, is populated with these delicious birds, and it makes little difference where one strikes in for a hunt. A location where one may find the table to his taste is of primest importance, as both bill of fare and the style of cooking and serving are quite different from that of the North, but the people are kind and friendly, and will do all in their power to make one comfortable. Some of the planters are inimical to sportsmen, and have posted their BAKKY. HAPGOOD. (ONES. WHITCOMH. " JOHN. Bt Xuncbt Soutb Si&e of ffatber IRoberts' Corn 36arn t Coi'NTY LINE, NORTH CAROLINA. PARTRIDGE SHOOTING, N. C. 531 land ; but, we have found, as a rule, that if a planter is approached in a courteous manner, and permission to shoot requested, the request will be granted ; in fact, in many cases, the sportsman will be heartily welcomed, and treated with true Southern hospitality. As to the number of birds one may kill in a day, that depends very much upon his skill and the way the birds behave. If a covey springs wild and strikes for a tangled thicket, or wings its way to thick pine timber, scatters and runs for dear life, few, if any of them, will be bagged; but if they take to brown sedge or open shooting, the chances are much better. We easily bag all the birds we want for our own table, and have some to offer the planters who allow us to shoot on their grounds. The weather has been exceptionally fine during the month of February, the thermometer ranging along from 30 to 50, and we have enjoyed our outing very much. W. HAPGOOD. DAVIE COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA, February 15, 1893. [from Shooting and Fishing'.] THE ardent desire to escape the rigors of the winter in Massachusetts, and to enjoy the pleasures of bob-white shooting so abundantly supplied in North Carolina, induced us on the 2ist of January to leave the " Hub," in company with a friend, for this place. The whole eastern coast States were mantled in snow to the depth here, of about seven inches; and as the temperature was many degrees below zero, the newspapers were rife with stories about the destruction of vast numbers of birds. This was somewhat discouraging intelligence ; but, remembering the fate of Lot's wife, we pushed on to point of destination. Snow in this latitude does not usually tarry long, and in a few days " the dry land appeared." Nor does our three weeks' experience con- firm the reports of wholesale slaughter of the birds by extreme cold weather. Animals are capable of resisting any amount of cold, so long as they get plenty of food. Birds that roost upon the ground are more likely to perish by being buried in snow, by night, than by excessive cold. The " gang " (covies), though not as numerous as represented, are in normal condition. There is less cotton produced in the western part of this State than formerly. The crop, when attempted, is small, and the planters here cannot successfully compete with more southern growers, and where the plant is more prolific. For some years, the prices have ranged very low; and, in this section, tobacco has, to a great extent, usurped the 532 SUPPLEMENT. place of cotton. It is equally a cash article, requires very much less acreage, and less labor, and, if skilfully manipulated, is more profitable. In consequence of the diminished area under cultivation, produced by this change of crop, vast areas were left fallow, which, have in time produced prolific growths of weeds, brambles, broom straw, and the like, which furnish excellent cover and feeding ground for the birds. It is in these old, uncultivated fields, the hunter seeks his quarry. When the birds flush, they are liable to betake themselves to some inaccessible, tangled thicket; but, failing in this, they resort to open pine or oak timber, where it is fairly good shooting. There are no cane- brakes, or broad canals, as in Edgecomb and other counties nearer the sea coast, and it is easier hunting here than there, though there may be less birds. Take it all in all, there is not, however, in this whole country of ours, to our mind, except possibly in some sections, that of grouse and wood- cock, any inland shooting that affords the sportsman so much satisfac- tion, as that of bob-white shooting. These birds lie well to point, are strong scenters, found in groups or covies ; and, when properly cooked, are delicious and toothsome. We are able, moreover, to bag more than we can consume on our own table, leaving us a surplus to bestow upon those planters who kindly grant us the privilege of shooting over their grounds, and, we are happy to say, there are very few who withhold this courtesy. Three years ago several of the farms were closed against us which are now opened cheerfully. The farmer here, as in New England, has rights which the sportsman should respect, and, being respected, the heart is touched by sympathy and moved to generous offers of freedom. Some of the most cordial invitations to shoot now come from those at first most bitterly opposed. " A soft answer turneth away wrath." Wild turkeys abound in this county to some extent, but we rarely hear of one being killed. The recent heavy snow fall offered an excellent opportunity for tracking this large and noble bird, and many persons were afield for that purpose ; but success crowned the efforts of very few. We did not hear of more than one or two being killed. The turkey is a very shy, intelligent creature, fleet of foot, with sensi- tive ear and keen eye, and, when hard pressed, brings into play a pair of powerful wings, which enable him to elude and escape from the most experienced and cunning pursuer. And still, their numbers are gradu- ally, from year to year, diminishing. They have many enemies, but man is the worst. He not only kills the parent bird, but also robs the nest of its eggs, thereby cutting off all hope of reproduction. The fox here is of the little gray species, not so large, bold, cunning, or numerous, as in New England, but has sufficient sagacity to destroy PARTRIDGE SHOOTING, N. C. 533 many of the young birds, and possibly some adults; and, then, minks, skunks, hawks, owls, 'possums, and other predaceous creatures are con- stantly menacing the existence of this once numerous species. Bob- white are also decimated by these rapacious creatures, but more espe- cially by hawks in winter. They come down here from the North, when the trees and shrubs are denuded of foliage, and swoop down upon and destroy thousands of these and other useful or delicious birds. .Much innocent ink and fine oratory has been wasted by the Massa- chusetts Fish and Game Protective Association, in the hope of seeing the forests of that Commonwealth rehabilitated or restocked with wild turkeys. It is a grand undertaking, worthy the best efforts of that enterprising and public-spirited association, which has done so generous a work in colonizing several other valuable species of game birds. But in a country where forests are of limited area, population dense, and good dogs and gunners numerous, it would seem to be a hopeless under- taking to be classed with other Utopias. The experiment of stocking our forests with guinea fowl would be less expensive and more likely to succeed. Then there are some foreign species of game birds, probably pheasants, and several of the grouse family, worthy the generous efforts of that association, and better adapted to the rugged climate and country where they are to be planted. As a rule, however, the original native fauna of a country will survive the antagonistic contingencies, and thrive where exotics would perish. We wish to say a word about the good fortune that befell us in placing us in so good and homelike a family. Hotels in North Carolina are not what they are in New England. Cooking cannot, in private or public houses, be classed strictly among the fine arts. There is neither art, science, nor good taste displayed in most instances, especially to the eyes of a Northerner. Not only the articles cooked, but the manner of cooking are so different, as to disgust and destroy the appetite. The family we fell among is presided over by a bright, intelligent housewife, who is ever vigilant and ready to do all in her power for the comfort of her guests. If the cooking is not to their tastes, she at once sets about correcting it ; and if anything is wanted that she has not, it is sure to come. The staple articles of food in this region round about, are " hog and hominy," and, to vary the monotony, we introduced game. Be it known that beefsteak is a thing almost unknown here. We tried bob-white in almost every conceivable style: broiled, roasted, baked, and boiled, none of which were satisfactory. Then we tried a pie, which at first was unsatisfactory ; but our presiding genius, whose amiability was only exceeded by her ingenuity, set about perfecting it, and, such was her success, that now it seems as though we could hardly get along without one of those deep dishes, with upper and under crust 534 SUPPLEMENT. done to a light brown tint, stuffed with bob-white swimming in rich gravy, and all seasoned to the taste of an epicure, and uttering forth a savory smell which is worthy the appetite of a gourmand. A bird pie, from the skilful hand of our household divinity, has become the chief corner, nay, the very head and front of our dinner table. Other departments have undergone equal transformation; our beds are superior, rooms are neat; and we flatter ourselves that we occupy the best private hotel in the State of North Carolina. One other luxury we wish to mention, and that is, if one is a stranger in the country, and wishes to get good shooting, let him employ an intelligent colored boy as a sort of valet to accompany him. We have constantly with us a young colored boy, only six feet four inches tall, honest, intelligent, faithful, and ready to do anything; drive the team, point out the boundary lines of forbidden plantations, lead to the best hunting grounds, let down the rails of the high Virginia fences for us to pass, mark the birds, chase cripples, carry game, run errands, and do a thousand and one kindly acts, for a mere trifle, that bring joy and com- fort to the heart of a sportsman. W. HAPGOOD. DUBLIN LAKE TROUT. DUBLIN LAKE, in Dublin, New Hampshire, is one of the most lovely sheets of water in New England; what it lacks in size is fully compen- sated by beautiful picturesque scenery, its limpid water, and its singular piscatory residents. There is no stream emptying into the lake, and it is fed by pure, cool mountain springs within its own bosom ; but there is a fine stream running out of it, which many years ago was utilized for a grist mill, and, we believe, also for a saw mill. A dam was thrown across the outlet for economy in water, the falls affording ample power for moving the machinery and performing the work. In the lake are what are called Dublin lake trout, which formerly attained a weight of two or three pounds, but few, if any, of this size have been caught for many years. There seems to be plenty of small fish, of this peculiar species, in the lake, weighing from one to four ounces, but more of the smaller ones, and the little fellows will take a fly. We tried all sorts of tempting bait and contrivances to induce the large ones to take the hook; but if there are any, they utterly declined our invitations, and seeing none of the large ones break water at any time, morning or - . QO J - 1 js. _- bo o O H S! = H DUBLIN LAKE TROUT. 535 evening, as is their custom, we concluded there were very few, if any, in the lake. We pressed this question home upon the natives : " What becomes of the numerous small trout?" "Do they attain no greater size than what we catch?" "Has the species degenerated since the dam cut off their access to the brook below ? " But no one seemed to have established a plausible hypothesis for their non-appearance. We have often heard that large fish ate up the small ones, but in this case the rule seems to work conversely the small ones eat up all the large ones. We have thought it possible that being restricted by the dam to the limited area of the lake, might, in time, dwarf them to the present size. This is not very probable, but possible, and then it is possible that a sojourn in the running water of the brook for a period, might increase their growth. The lake trout are peculiar in color and shape. The bright red and yellow spots of the brook trout (Salvelinus fonti- nalzs) are absent in the lakes, and they are terete in shape, more like a smelt (Osmerus viridescens). Now, if we turn our attention to the stream below the dam and mill, we shall find regular speckled, square-tailed brook trout, which, if not over fished, would be abundant. None of these, however, are taken in the lake, and none of the lake trout are taken in the brook. This to us is a marvel. From time immemorial to the time when the slight dam was built, the brook trout had free access to the lake, and the lake had the same privilege of roaming up and down the stream which is several miles long. We are not certain that to-day, the speckled trout could get into the lake, or the lake trout could get back if they escaped into the stream. If they were originally all one and the same species, how came it about that they are now so divergent ? Is it environment that produces the metamorphosis ? This is a question for the curious. We have puzzled over it a good deal, and are no nearer a solution than when we began. We made a sketch of one these terete Dublin Lake trout, which is reproduced here. TROUT FISHING IN YOSEMITE VALLEY. IN June, 1889, we were in the Yosemite Valley, in the midst of some of the grandest scenery in the world; lofty cliffs rising on either hand, nearly perpendicular, three or four thousand feet, clothed in white robes, "whose heads touch heaven," and from whose summits little streams come trickling down, and, uniting, rush onward to the valley 536 SUPPLEMENT. below, where they are associated to form the Merced River. This ever cool water is very pleasing and attractive to trout (Salmo or Sal- velinus fontinalis], and they reside here, presumably all the year round. It must, however, be remembered, that the trout of the Pacific coast are not like those of the Atlantic. The trout on the western slope of the " Rockies " are variously marked and colored according to species or stream, but all, we believe, have irregular black blotches upon their sides, while the Atlantic or eastern slope trout, have regular round, red and yellow spots, but the habits of the fish of the two sec- tions are, we understand, much the same. The inhabitants of the west coast claim that their trout attain a weight of five or six pounds, but the largest we ever saw would hardly reach a quarter pound, the most of them being much smaller, and, far as we could discover, they lack the energy of their Eastern cousins. The Digger Indians are the principal fishermen of this region, and they supply the hotels with these delicious morceaux. On seeing one of these native sons of the forest, with his rude tackle, a short sapling, cheap lines and hook, worms in a grass bag that required constant vigilance to prevent escape, and as we coveted an opportunity to capture one of these noble trout, we said to ourselves, " Now is our opportunity," and we at once entered into a negotiation for a lease of the aforesaid " tackle." A " quarter " was readily accepted, and we became the lessee of his outfit. With nervous anxiety we grasped the sapling, and dropped a worm, with a hook in it, into the waters of the famous Merced. Our anxiety hung trembling in the balance for a long time! The lessor, "No talk much," and we began to lose faith in the ways and implements of the red man. After a long suspense, we felt a "gnaw," and upon the instant landed the Yosemite Valley trout upon the bank, returned to .Mr. "Lo" his " tackle," started at once for the hotel with the prize, made a rude sketch of it, and, to gratify the curiosity of the reader, place the picture before him. The trout we saw and caught in other streams were no larger, and all had the irregular black markings In the Yellowstone River we took trout of over a pound in weight, with red and yellow spots, but the waters of the Yellowstone ultimately reach the Atlantic Ocean. Even here the smallest trout seemed to have the traditional black markings. SPORTING AT SOUTH LANCASTER, MASS. ONE of our warmest and most companionable sporting friends, for a ore of years, was Mr. Rufus Eager, copper pump manufacturer, of IRufus JEacier anfc Ibis Da^'s TKHorfc. SPORTING, SOUTH LANCASTER, MASS. 537 South Lancaster, Massachusetts. He was regarded as one of the best shots in that part of the Commonwealth; especially on partridges, he had few equals, and no superiors. His house was spacious, his accom- plished wife most agreeable, his dogs well broken, always kept a good team, and offered every facility for comfort and happiness. Being in the midst of a splendid woodcock and partridge country, it was no uncommon thing for the party, usually embracing such choice spirits as J. F. Hapgood, Ezra Burton, and Henry Eager, with others, to return from a day's hunt, with one or two dozen of these delicious game birds. From year to year, the birds have, however, been growing scarcer and scarcer, and, although great improvement in dogs and guns has been made, the present generation of gunners rarely sees such "bags" of game as was common with their predecessors. We well remember, when about the year 1862, with liberal hand, Mr. Eager opened to us the door to this health-giving pastime, and we began to shoot with him, not as his peer, but as his pupil. He was generous, energetic, and entirely unselfish, traits always desirable afield, and we regarded our- selves as fortunate when invited to join the party, for a day's hunt. In the course of his business, for so many years working in the fumes of lead and copper, his system became impregnated with lead poison, which settled in his lower limbs, causing his feet to swell and become so tender as to make walking both painful and difficult. About the year, 1880, he began to show symptoms of more serious trouble, but he had good courage, and hoped to overcome it. After a few years of valiant struggling, he surrendered the more active duties of the field, but would go with the " boys," take care of the team, and drive them to the different coverts, point out the most likely places for birds, and taking the best of care of the party. Next to participating in beating the covert, he enjoyed seeing the others do it. About 1883 or 1884 tramping became so painful and irksome, that he had to abandon it. He was an expert angler, and displayed great skill in capturing the denizens of pearly streams, having caught some of the largest trout ever taken in that neighborhood, and he would never destroy those little fingerlings that are liable to be taken in small brooks, but would care- fully return all such to their native element. As long as memory sits enthroned within us, the deep debt of gratitude we owe to both Mr. and Mrs. Eager, for their kind and generous hospi- tality, will not be forgotten. On returning from a hunt one day, Mr. Eager stepped into a photographer's saloon and had his picture taken, "accoutered as he was," with his string of birds in hand, which we here present to the reader. 538 SUPPLEMENT. SPORTING AT LITTLETON, MASS. FOR several years prior to the failing health of our friend Eager, we had made occasional visits, for the purpose of shooting or fishing, to another dear friend, Peter S. Whitcomb, of Littleton, Massachusetts, who is one of the largest farmers and milk producers in Middlesex County. He is fond of sporting with rod or gun, keeps a good team and well-trained dogs, and is, withal, one of the most intelligent, generous, and companionable men it has been our good fortune to meet afield. His house is large, exceedingly comfortable, and his most estimable and accomplished wife ever ready to welcome friends, in the most affable manner, to the hospitalities of her delightful home. Any one may con- sider himself fortunate whose lot is cast with a family so amiable and refined, that he feels as much at ease as by his own domestic fireside. For about a quarter century this kindness has been lavished upon us, nor can we refrain from its acknowledgment; and even now, when we have passed the fourscore period, and the " grasshopper is a burden," he cheerfully invites us to join the little coterie, usually consisting of his brothers, Hartwell and John, for a day's hunt, and he is just as kind, courteous, and attentive to every want, as if he were our own dear son or brother. John is a somewhat enthusiastic fox hunter, an excellent shot, and, with his legendary lore, makes himself quite agreeable, and adds much to the pleasure of the occasion. The section of country around Littleton is not as attractive to wood- cock (Philohela minor} as some others, but is more the home of the partridge (bonasa umbellus). and while our " bags " of birds are not so very large, they are ample for our purpose, and our hearts are over- flowing with joy, and our souls filled with gratitude, for the privileges we have. Any one who loves a well-trained, intelligent bird dog as we do, has great reward in watching his skilful manoeuvres in finding the birds and holding them till his master can come up and get a shot, and how cautiously he approaches to "flush, "and then so daintily retrieves or cunningly pursues a cripple ! But this is not all. These reflections carry us back to the. early days of our field-sports, and to other loved dogs and dear friends, when failing health required the invigorating and health-producing effect of such exercise to enable us to meet the daily conflicts of business. peter S. lUbitcomb. INDEX. COMPRISING THE NAMES OF HAPGOOD, TOGETHER WITH THOSE OF CON- NECTED FAMILIES BY INTERMARRIAGE, ALSO OTHER NAMES PROM- INENTLY MENTIONED IN THIS VOLUME. NAMES IN ITALICS ARE HAPGOOD WOMEN WHO HAVE MARRIED INTO OTHER FAMILIES, ALSO THOSE WHO HAVE MARRIED INTO THE HAPGOOD FAMILY. PAGE. ABBOTT. Charlotte 210 Charlotte Hapgood 208 Ella Antoinette 209 Ella F 101 Henry Carlton 275 Horace 208 Horace Fay . 210 Lucy Fay 209 Marilla Hapgood 95 Mary Lydia 210 Olive 248 ADAMS. Abby Ellen Hapgood . . . . 148 Adaline 335 Alma 230 Almond 230 Bessie Mabel 148 Calvin Hapgood .... 101, 148 Carrie 230 Comfort 335 Daniel Townes 101 Eliza Ann 85, 129 Ella Maria 101 Ellroy 148 Ethel Carrie 148 Frances Elizabeth 101 Frank Clifford 148 Fred Harold 148 George 104 Gertie May 148 John Q 230 Joseph 101, 148 Joseph Nelson 101 Lemuel Goodwin 101 Lizzie Maud 148 Marjory Ellen 148 Mary Ann 101 Mary Jane Hapgood 101 PAGE. ADAMS. Concluded. Mildred H 148 Stella 148 Walter H 148 AlKEN. Elizabeth Wood ... .250 ALDEN. John 333 Priscilla 333 Seth 188 ALDERMAN. William P 282 ALDRICH. Almira Hapgood 230 Barton 230 George Slade 230 Lord Loenza 230 Mary Elizabeth 230 Nellie Lovina 230 Sarah Louisa 230 ALEXANDER. Cordelia 238 Harriet Adeline Hapgood . . . 152 Jeduthan 62 Jonathan Hapgood 62 John 153 Sarah Hapgood 62 ALLEN. Eliza Cunningham . . . 186, 207 Mary 300 AMES. Carrie E 254 Elvira Hapgood 91 Theodore 56 William C 91 539 540 INDEX. PAGE. AMSDEN. Sally 193, 238 ANDERSON. Nettie 129 ARCHIBALD. Susan 61 ARMS. Aaron 199 Eliza Hapgood 199 Elizabeth Grout 199 Hutchins Hapgood 199 Sophia Holland 200 ASELTINE. Martha Candace .... 293, 326 ASHCROFT. David 220 Lucretia 184 ASHTON. Martha Bolton 263 ATHERTON. George 46, 47 Mary Maria 47 ATVVOOD. Samuel 189 Timothy 213 AUSTIN. Abigail 43, 64 AVER. John F 278 BACON. Elma A. 102 George 230 BADGER. Mary Frances 306 BAILEY. Ada E 253 Elizabeth 166 Stella Seymour 338 BAIRD. Almira S 271 BAKER. Eunice 186, 208 John 166 Matilda M 229 Patience 173 Philena 197 Reuben 175 Rosilla 141 PAGE. BALDWIN. Charles Horace 218 Ella H 252, 316 George 84 Hannah Hapgood 84 BALL. Abbie Emerson 225 Alice Augusta 225 Annie Caroline 225 Charlotte 225 Edward 224 Edward Baker 225 George Dana 225 Hannah 59,84 Harriet 225 Harriet Hapgood 224 Helen Maria 224 John Baker 225 Mary Sophia 225 Nahum 225 Oliver Puffer 225 William W 195 Willie 225 BANGS. Lydia 250 BARBER. Elizabeth 188, 219 BARCLAY. Mary Ann 284 BARKER. Judith . . 24, 161 BARNARD. Henry L 294 Hepsibah 229, 299 John Henry 294 Mary Adaline 115, 155 Thomas L 224 BARNES. Anna 179 Charlotte 180 Daniel 178 Eda 179 Hepsibeth Hapgood 188 Jerusha 189 Joseph Weeks 189 Judith Hapgood 178 Katharine 178 Lucy Eager 189 Maria 214, 285 Martha 188 Moses 188 Rebecca 189 INDEX. 541 PAGE. BARNES. Concluded. Rebecca Hapgood 189 Samuel 178 Solomon 178 William . . . . ' 178 BARNETT. Harriet 141 Lizzie Fostina 140 BARR. John 160 BARRY. Calista Ann 84 Hannah Hapgood 84 Harriet Hapgood 84 James 84 Joseph Bartlett 84 BARTLETT. Abigail Hapgood 53 George 53 Ira 53 Jotham 179 Rebecca 53 Willis 53 BARTOL. Cyrus A 259 BARTON. Florence Eliza 278 Horace William 278 BASSETT. Amos 66 Blanche Mady 82 Mary Hapgood 66 BATCHELLER. Moses F. . . . 245 BAXTER. Alice 134 Blanche Sherman Hapgood . . 134 Charles Sherman 1M4 Charles W 134 BEAN. Christina .104 BEARD. Francis Marion 308 BEEBE. Dee 83 Henry Jackson 82 Inez Florence 83 Pantine 83 Sarah Robbins Hapgood ... 82 PACK. BEECHER. Eli C 314 Ethel Ruth 314 Marion Hapgood 314 BENEDICT. Fannie 108 BENNETT. Jennie Rose Hapgood . . . 143 Nathaniel White 143 Rebecca Cora 143 William Hapgood 143 BENSON. Horace A 311 Priscilla 311 BENT. Betsey 183 BERRY. Anna 173 Harmon Velrufas 137 Lottie Hapgood 137 Lulu Marcia 137 William Hapgood 137 BIGELOW. Aaron 224 Addison Clinton 193 Adeline L 193 Amory 200 Asa 185, 191 Betsey 185 Damaris 185 Damaris Hapgood 184 Elizabeth Bennett 235 Eh'ira Hapgood 224 Fidelia Hapgood 193 Francis D 224 George Hapgood 224 Jared 193 Jared Addison 193 Jedideh 166 Joseph 185 Laura Durrin 193 Levi 184 Lewis 188 Lucinda 179 Lucinda Hapgood 193 Mary Ann 193 Norman C 193 Persis 224, 293 Rebecca 184 Samuel 170 Sarah 194 William 184 542 INDEX. PAGE. BILLINGS. Edith Isabella 295 James E 59 Jonathan 59 Lois Gibson 59 Luther 59 Mary Hapgood 59 Rebecca 59 Rebecca Hapgood 59 Sophia 59 William 59 BISHOP. Fred 79 Mary Ann 247 BLACKSTONE. Nathaniel Blake . . . . . .213 BLAIR. Deborah 243 BLISS. Cynthia 195, 247 BLOOD. Mary Alice 46 BOND. Jonas 185 Lydia Hapgood 185 Newell 185 Thomas 185 BOOTH. John 195 BORDWELL. Dolly Hapgood 203 Ellen Eliza 203 George Hapgood 203 James 204 Joel 203, 204 Lavinia 203 Levi Hapgood 203 Marilla 203 Mary 204 BORMAN. Charles Goddard 291 BOTTOMLY. John Thomas 199 BOUTWELL. Abby Hapgood 252 Lucy Bernice 252 Otis B 252 William Otis 252 BOWEN. Helen 222 PAGE. BOWKER. Anna 175, 181 Jennie 183, 195 Lydia 175, 184 BOYCE. Nancy 337 BOYD. Ella Augusta Hapgood . . . .135 George Henry 221 BOYDEN. Abby Green Hapgood 301 Ada E 301 Clara L 301 Grace 301 Waldo M 301 William H. . . -. 301 BRACKETT. Cora M 103 Dana L 103 Joanna Hapgood 103 Lendoll S 103 Lillie G 103 Melville S. . 103 BRADBURY. Mary Robertson 97 BRANNING. Annie .... - 223 BREED. Eliza Frances . . . 238, 310 BREWER. Mabel Hattie 289 BRIDGMAN. Carrie Lee 311 Guy 185 BRIGGS. Ephraim Hapgood 207 Lucy Elizabeth 207 Lucy Hapgood . '. 207 Martha Hapgood 207 Washington 207 BRIGHAM. Betty 179 Caleb Benjamin 224 Ella Sophia 224 Elizabeth 178 Frances Augusta 224 George 224 Harriet Newell 224 Ithamar 224 Lucy K 67 INDEX. 543 PAGE. BRIGHAM. Concluded. Mary Ann Hapgood '_'L'4 Mary Eliza 224 Nahum 228 Nancy Sophia 226, 297 Williard Ebenezer 2'J4 BROAD. Elizabeth 272, 318 BROADBENT. JohnJ 106 BROOKS. Alvah 229 Anna 218 Charles 178 Lydia 178 Luke Smith 296 Mary 173, 178, 180 Mary Hapgood 178 Persis 178 Rebecca W 53, 78 William S 211 BROWN. Albert i_M<; Albert Hapgood 338 Alice 136 Annie May 285 Elden 101 Jennie 149 Jennie C 226 Jesse 229 Mary 75 Nelson 246 Romatur 251 Samuel Raymond .... . 338 William 133 BROWNE. Ruth Snow 250 BROWNING. Eliza 185 BRUCE. Nathan 236 Nathaniel A 180 George Walter 236 BRYANT. Charles Hapgood 253 Elliott 100 Frank 100 Frederick 253 John 99 John Mudge 253 Leon 100 Lucy Elizabeth Hapgood .... 99 PAGE. BRYANT. Concluded. Malinda 100 Martha 100 Mary Hapgood 253 Nellie Willson 253 Richard 100 Walter Artemas 253 Winnifred 253 BUNKER. George 20 BURDETT. Fred 228 BURDICK. Clara Hapgood 308 Fannie Dunlap 308 George 308 Joel 308 Julia Russell 308 Mary Lorette 308 Sarah Lorette Hapgood .... 308 BURGESS. Orion 79 BURNSIDE. Edward H .225 BURT. Anna Langley 263 Anna Maria Hapgood .... 262 Azuba 185,200 Benjamin H 262 Benjamin Hapgood 263 Jane 260 John Henry Hopkins .... 263 Louis 263 Mary Gray 263 BURTON. Ezra 53 BUSFIELD. Abby E. Manning Hapgood . . 227 John Gibson 227 Mary Gertrude 227 Theodore Elmer 227 BUSHTINER. Carrie 340 BUTLER. Albert Henry 278 Alice Marion 278 Francis Marion Hapgood . . . 277 Frederick Edwin 277 Harriet Angelina 277 Harry Everett 277 John Edwin 277 544 INDEX. PAGE. BUXTON. Mary Ann 281 BUZZELL. Mary Elvila 142 BYRON. Belle 23 CAMPBELL. Eliza Mary 279 Mary P 227 CAPRON. Alfretta 221 Almira 221 George 221 Hannah Hapgood 221 CARDELL. Eugene Frederick 150 Minnie Amie Hapgood . . . .150 CARLTON. Sarah Lucinda 232 CARPENTER. Ada Blanche 108 Albert Ezra 108 Caroline Elizabeth 108 Emma 108 Ezra J 107, 358 Frank Lemuel 108 Fred Wesley 108 Henry Amos 108 Lelia May 108 Mary Caroline Hapgood . . . 107 Oren Howard 108 Wilber Austin 108 CARR. Joel 54 Sarah 190, 220 CARRICO. Deborah 188 CARRUTH. John . 179 CARTER. Angle 106 Thomas 29 CARTWRIGHT. Abbie Augusta Hapgood . . . 296 Cora Belle 296 Fred Hartwell 296 George Herbert 296 Harry Elroy 296 Nathaniel H 296 PAGE. CASWELL. Fannie Estelle Hapgood . . . . 135 Gertrude 135 William 135 GATE. Isaac Martin 210 CHAMBERLAIN. Laura Howard 221 Rosie 231 CHANDLER. Lydia 250 CHAPIN. Hannah Louise 320 CHAPMAN. Anna 185,205 CHAROUX. Edward 325 CHASE. Abigail Green Hapgood . . . .234 Hiram W 224 Hiram Wesley 234 Leonard 234 William Henry 234 CHENEY. Frank Page 84 CHILD. George W 66 CHURCH. Adonijah 168 Emma 202, 260 Sarah Ann 211 CLARK. Hannah 39 Jonathan 39 Mercy Hapgood 39 Sarah Goodwin 107, 152 CLOVES. Joseph . 176 . 98 . 98 . 98 . 98 . 292 Minnie 92 Sylvanus Wait 98 COBLEIGH. Carrie Etta 73 COBB. Charles Henry Elizabeth Jane Grace Wait Lura Adaline Hapgood . Lyman INDEX. 545 COBURN. Ellen Mariah PAGE. . 147 COLE. Collins S 189 Hannah 250 Henrietta A 58 Israel 250 Julia A 189 COLLER. John 30 COLLESTER. Martha Maria 277, 321 COLVIN. Annie Maria 300, 331 CONANT. Catharine 187 Lucy 40 Mary Hapgood 68 Mary Louisa 68 Peter Dudley 68 Winthrop F 60 CONNER. Clara Augusta 131, 157 COOLIDGE. Charles 226 Joseph 227 Laura 226 Laura Ann Hapgood 226 Lucy 227 Rufus 226, 227 Silas 226 Tileston 227 William 226 CONRAD. L. W 66 CONSTANTINE. Chloe 51 COOPER. Hoyet 243 CORSE. Elbert 245 Ellen 244 Emma 245 Julia 246,314 Harriet Hapgood 244 Perry 244 COWAN. Mary E 225 PAGE. COWDEN. Charles George 251 DeForest 251 Emogene 251 Ephraim 251 Ernest Joel 251 Grant 251 Louise Mary 251 Mark Finley 251 Mary Ann Hapgood 251 Morris Wells 251 COWDIN. Daniel 127 Sarah 127 Cox. Jennie Mary 148 CRACROFT. Mary Amelia 340, 341 C RANDALL. Amelia A 66 AlvaB 66 Buel M 66 Cordelia 66 Cornelius 66 Eda P 66 Eliza Hapgood 65 Hezekiah 66 John R 66 Jonathan William 65 Philamon 65 Philancy E 66 Sallie 66 Samuel B 66 CRAWFORD. Herbert 292 Ida Lizzie 292 Olive Sarah Hapgood .... 292 William C 292 CRETSON. Minnie 247 CROSSLEY. Lydia 198, 256 CROUCH. Isaac 52 Relief 50 CROWL. Charles E 232 CULBERT. Abbie Susan 140 Maggie 140 Mather Mary 140 Perciville 140 William John 140 546 INDEX. PAGE. CUMMINGS. Albert H 293 Arthur E 293 Arthur Spencer 146 Emma Lizzie Hapgood .... 146 John 293 Lena M 293 Mary Witt Hapgood 293 Walter H 293 CUNNINGHAM. Nancy 179 CURRIER. Mary Agnes 129 CUTLER. Ebenezer . . CUTTER. Aaron 24 80 CUTTING. Charles M 235 Charlotte Hapgood 235 Emily Tamzin 290, 324 Frank 235 John S 235 Lewis "... 235 Sarah S 222 DABY. Betsey 40 Ethan 48 John 28, 29, 36, 40, 48 Joseph 28, 29 Sarah Hapgood 40 Simon 40 Asa 40, 48 Mercy 40 Sarah 40 DALRYMPLE. Charles H 189 Joseph Adams 326 Lilla Marion Hapgood .... 326 DANIELS. Betsey 185 Sylvanus 193 DARLING. Ethan 191 PAGE. DAVIS. Abbie H 131 Amasa 127 Cornelia E 231 Effie 244 Eliza Rebecca . . . . 114, 154 Ellen Sarah 299, 329 Ezekiel 191 Frank H 231 Fred Carlos 231 Georgiana Olivia 215 Jonathan 40 Joseph 20 Lavinia Ann 221 Lizzie 194 Lucius Carlos 230 Lucy 42, 55 Mary 103 Myron A 231 Nellie C 231 Rebecca W. Brooks . . . . 53, 78 Ruth Hapgood 230 DAVISON. Alice Maria Hapgood .... 308 Samuel Ticknor 308 DAVIDSON. Alexander 261 DAVIES. Harriet 247 DAVY. Anna Elizabeth 206 DAWES. Ella Maria Hapgood .... 149 Josephine 149 Leamon 149 DAY. Adele 312 Arthur John 80 Bertie Roland 140 Blanche Eliz 80 Charles 80 David William 79 Frank E 79 Hannah Colton 79 James Edwin 139 Julia A 79 Mabel Kendall 80 Martha Ada 140 Mary Esther Hapgood .... 79 Minnie B 79 Walter Edward 79 Warren Hollis 80 William Adford 321 William Fisher 79 Willie Loren 140 INDEX. 547 PAGE. DEANE. Abbie Jane 218 Addie Elizabeth 218 Amanda Amelia 218 Asa Appleton 218 Eliza Hapgood 218 Harriet 218 Harriet Maria 218 DEARBORN. Godfrey 259 Polly 259 DEARTH. Clarissa 79 DENNETT. Rosanna 63 DENISON. Carrie Jeanette 220 Edward 219 Edward Hapgood 220 Elizabeth Crosby Hapgood . . 219 Ellen Louise 220 Eva Juline 220 Frances Elizabeth 220 George Henry 220 Maria Rucy 219 Marion Harriet .220 DERRY. Elizabeth 343, 344 DE WITT. Henry 104 DIAMOND. De Witt Clinton 247 Jane Hapgood 246 Lottie 246 Nellie 246 Nora 246 Peter 246 DICKINSON. Abraham 41 David 41 Henry A 241 Henry Grant 242 Lydia Hapgood ....... 41 Mary Ella Hapgood 241 William 41 DlNSMORE. Esther Ann Hapgood .... 130 James Trescott 130 Walter Andrew 130 DIVOLL. Caroline C. . . 232 PAGE. DlXON. Rebecca 336, 338 DOLAN. Mary Ann 277 DOLE. Andrew C 222 DORRELL. Lestina 220 DOUGLASS. Betsey 63 Carrie 95 Fred . , 95 Herbert 95 Jessie 95 Malvina Hapgood 95 Richard 95 Sarah H 337, 340 DRURY. Thomas 169, 206 Luther 206 Hugh 206 DUNHAM. Betsey Hapgood 62 Jesse 62 Permelia Robbins 62 DUNLAP. Lorette Louisa 238, 308 DUNN. Agnes Estella Hapgood .... 292 Harry Edgar 292 Marguerite Isis 292 Mignonette Irene 292 DUNTON. Ellen A 205 DURDEN. Jennie 147 DURRIN. Edmund 193, 240 EAGER. Elizabeth 208, 274 Henry 537 Mary Bruce 210 Rufus 536 EARL. Delia 150 EASTMAN. Abby 53 Amos 53 Ann 53 Felicia Hapgood 53 548 INDEX. PAGE. EASTMAN. Concluded. George 53 Hapgood 53 Joel 53 Timothy 53 ECHTERNACH. Lizzie 107 EDWARDS. Herbert A 103 EELLS. Ann E. 197 ELDER. James 221 ELLIS. Bethuel 211 EMERSON. Augusta Emily 245 Charles Edward 246 Clara Gustina 245 Ella 246 Emma 245 Emily Hapgood 245 Eugene Hapgood 245 Evangeline Alzina 245 Guy L. V 245 Inez Elzorn Hapgood .... 326 Mae Lizzie 145 Warren ... 326 William Allen 245 William Almon 245 EMERY. Olive Caroline 299, 329 EMMONS. Joseph H 225 ENGLISH. Amelia Victoria 212 Anna Elizabeth 212 Anna Whitcomb Hapgood . . 212 Charles 212 Charles Benjamin 212 ESTABROOK. Ann Matilda 70, 110 Joseph 80 Mary Creasy 58, 80 EWALT. Jacob H 336 EWING. Clara Ann 271 Flora Eugenie 272 Jesse 271 PAGE. EWING. Concluded. Jessie Alice 272 Mortimer Levi 272 Sarah Sophia Hapgood . . . .271 EXCELL. John Wesley 336 FAIRBANK. Artemas 78a Jabez 75 Jonas 75 Jonathan 78a, 75 Joseph 75 Sally 50,75,78a,78b FAIRBANKS. Alice Luette 295 Annie Luette 295 Charles Gilman 295 Henry Marcus 210 Mary Sanborn 295 Nestor Sanborn 294 Nestor Sawyer 295 Silas Bailey 295 Susan Rebecca Hapgood .... 294 FAULKNER. Winthrop Emerson 55 FAY. Benjamin 170 Lillie '. 346 Rebecca 194, 239 FELTON. Bertie 285 Carrie A 253 Freddie Elmer 285 Leon Leslie 285 Levi L 285, 358 Susan Wetherbee Hapgood . . 285 FESSENDEN. Bertha Louise .... Mary Irene Roy 293 293 292 FIFE. Gertrude 79 FISH. Frederick Willard 314 FISK. Horace L. FISKE. Daniel FITCH. John 221 172 185 INDEX. 549 FlTZHUE. Luke . PAGE. . 272 PAG. . 285 FLAGG. Amazonia 208, 275 Benjamin 207 Hannah 169 Stephen 169 Thomas Merrill 278 FLEMING. Charlotte 345 FLETCHER. Abigail 93, 133 John 60 Silas Taylor 81 FLINT. Hattie Gertrude 101 Sarah 43 FLORENCE. Daniel 214 Mary Aravilla 215 Mary Hapgood . 214 William 214, 358 FOOTE. George W 197 FORBUSH. Agnes Victoria 194 Charles A 194 Fidelia Hapgood 194 Harriet Fidelia 194 Lucy 210, 279 Mary Jane 194 Rufus 194 Rufus Orestes 194 FORD. Acelia Emma 92 Ada Augusta 93 Charles Asia 92 Charles Horace 92 Clark 244 Eliza Ann Hapgood 92 Ella Frances 93 Ella Van Gorder 337 Frances Amelia 337, 339 George Hapgood 337 Laura Adelaide 337 Laura Fitch Hapgood .... 337 Lucy 337 Oscar Rodolphus .... 92,358 Paul Cooley 337 William 337 Foss. James Henry FOSTER. Frances Augusta .... 116, 155 Fred 80 Lucy 205 Mary 55 FOWLER. Elwyn H 97 FRAZIER. Mary . 60, 86 FROST. Ella 340, 341 FRYE. Augusta 224 FULHAM. Jacob 24 FULLER. George W 193 GALE. Absalom B 48 George Theodore 48 Henry Howard 48 Herbert W 253 GAMAGE. Amasa Davis 69, 78 Joshua 127 Julia Adelaide 78, 126 William 127 GARDINER. Emma 345 GARDNER. Esther 41, 50 Mary Alexander 146 GARFIELD. Emily Chase 210, 277 GARRETT. Daniel 185 GATES. Elizabeth 31, 54 Elizabeth Hapgood 31 Francis Everett 51 Frank L 253 Franklin 51, 54, 358 Isaac 28 Isaiah 51, 54 Joel 51 Lucy 31, 51 550 INDEX. PAGE. GATES. Concluded. Mary Esther 232 Paul 31 Phineas 33 Sarah 31,32,31 Sarah Hapgood 31, 33 Stephen .' 168 Susanna Hapgood 51 Thomas 37 William 259 Zaccheus 30, 41 GEE. Frederick Archer 264 John Archer 264 GEORGE. Alona Weeks 272 Eugene Charles 272 Hannah Viola 272 Josephine Alwilda Hapgood . . 272 Mary Idella 272 Nellie Adelaide 272 William Allen 272 GETCHELL. Frederick 69 William Henry 69 GIBBS. Jerusha 179, 187 GIBSON. Jacob 41 Mary 41 Rebecca ... . 34, 42 GILBERT. Sarah Elizabeth 238, 306 GlLLANDERS. Carrie Maud 142 David 142 Jessie Beulah Brown .... 142 Lucy Elnora Hapgood . . . .142 GILMAN. John Stratton 209 Josiah 188 GLASSBURN. Charles Henry 308 Clara Louisa Hapgood .... 308 Edward Wiley 309 Grace Lorette 309 Henry Hapgood 309 Hugh Damron 309 Robert Price 309 PAGE. GLEASON. Charles W 227 Cloyes W 103 Edwin A 235 Malvina A 304, 334 Rebecca Nourse Hapgood . . . 103 GODDARD. Daniel 172 David 172 Ebenezer 172 Edward 167, 171, 172 Elizabeth 172 Hepsibeth Hapgood 171 Hepzibah 171 Hezekiah 172 John A 224 Miriam 172 Nathan . . . : 172 Rhoda 172 Robert 172 William 172 GOLDSMITH. Lucy Hapgood 48 Mary 47 Mercy 48 Mercy Hapgood 46 Theodore 46, 49 GOODNOW. Edmund 20, 23- GOODRICH. Hannah C 184 GOODRIDGE. Solon Foster 202 GOOGIN. Luella 128 GOULD. Adelaide L 234 Edward E .234 Florence 140 Francis A 234 Harriet Hapgood 233 Hattie E 234 James E 233 Marshall E 234 GRAHAM. Webster 271 GRANBY. Alzina 249 INDEX. 551 PAGE. GREEN. Abigail 191,237 Charles Otis 275 Frank T 102 George 275 Mary Elizabeth 275 Mary Susan Hapgood .... 275 Nettie Lucie 275 Sophia 196 GREENE. George W 85 GREEN LEAF. Lizzie 289 GRIFFIN. Frank S 231 GROUT. Alice Anna Hapgood 331 Beatrice Estelle 332 Betsey 185 Cora Ida 332 Dolly 185,203 George W 331 John 183 Maud Hapgood 332 GROVER. Abby Almon 140 Ada Louisa 139 Alton Everett 140 Artemas Benjamin 140 Catharine Matilda Hapgood . .139 Charles Barnett 140 Clarence Henry 140 Frank Henry 140 John Carter 140 Mary Ellen 140 Simon 139 William Salmon .140 GUIBORD. ' Robert Henderson 153 Sara A Mae Hapgood 153 GUILD. Charlotte 261 GULLY. Claro 106 HADDOCK. Rebecca 293, 326 HADLEY. Catherine Heleanor 89 HALE. Edward Everett 10 Hannah 75, 78a Sarah .... . . 169 HALEY. Elizabeth PACK. 211,283 HALL. Edward .......... 201 Hannah .......... 176 Samuel .......... 29 HAMILTON. Amos ........... 197 Anson .......... 197 Augusta Williams ...... 197 Carlton .......... 197 Charles Lyman ....... 197 Chauncey ......... 197 Delia ........... 197 Erastus Hapgood ...... 196 Eugene Hamilton ...... 197 George .......... 197 George Williams ...... 197 Henry ........... 197 Mary ........... 197 Mary Ann Hapgood ..... 197 Sylvia Hapgood ....... 196 Walter .......... 197 Williams .......... 196 HAMLIN. Eleazer .......... 100 Mary Ann Hapgood ..... 100 HAMMOND. Betsey Hapgood ....... 45 David ........... 45 David Hapgood ...... 239 Elmira ........... 46 Lucy ........... 46 Samuel A .......... 239 Simon Hosmer ....... 46 Thomas ......... 45, 46 HANIFORD. Mary . 243 HAPGOOD. Aaron 190, 222 Aaron Hamilton . 223 Abbie Augusta 296 Abbie E. Manning 227 Abbie Ellen 101, 148 Abbie Frances 135 Abbie Green 301 Abbie Scribner 139 Abbie Victoria 83 Abigail . 53, 66, 103, 107, 178, 179 180, 188, 190, 208, 223, 252 Abigail Austin 43, 64 552 INDEX. HAPGOOD. PAGE. Abigail Buckley 237 Abigail Fletcher . . . . . . 93, 133 Abigail Green 191,237 Abigail Green 234 Abigail Jemima 285 Abigail Marion 274 Abigail Morse 172, 178 Abigail Russell 215 Abigail Russell 188,214 Abigail Stone 175, 186 Abigail Swan 100 Abigail Welch 64, 102 Abner Cooledge 301 Abby 252 Abby H. Davis Lewis 131 Abby Howard Willis 86 Abby Susannah 302 Abraham 42, 55, 353, 354 Abram 81 Ada 150 Adaline 244 Adaline Adams 336, 340 Adaline Adams 335 Adaline Leigh 104, 149 Adaline R 187 Addison 238, 307 Addison Adelbert 312 Addison Hugh 309 Adelbert 149 Adele Davis 312 Agnes Estella 292 Agnes Gave O'Neil 154 Agnes Marion 306 Albert 145, 252, 316 Albert Edward 345 Albert Francis 291 Albion Danville 136, 358 Alfred 345, 346 Alfred Adams 340, 342 Alfred Edmund 289 Alfred Fletcher 286 Alfred Warren 114, 153 Alice 157, 345 Alice Amelia Williams . . . 280, 322 Alice Anna 331 Alice Effie 292 Alice Eliza 321 Alice Francis 329 Alice Gertrude 325 Alice Hathaway 333 Alice Kingsbury 132 Alice Louise 278, 307 Alice Maria 308 Alice Maynard 52 PAUE. Alice Roberts 311 Alice Sophia 298 Allan Mason 228 Allen 105 Alma 136 Almira 205, 230 Almira Elizabeth Stow . . . 236, 303 Almira Jane Holmes . . . . 86,132 Almira S. Baird 271 Alonzo Franklin 90 Alvin Almon 281 Alzina Taylor 196, 249 Amanda E 293 Amazonia Flagg 208, 275 Amos 65, 105 Amos Austin 108 Andrew 68, 85, 129 Andrew Sidney 97, 137 Andrew Sprout 98, 358 Angenette Priest 305 Ann 85, 222, 236, 343 Ann Elizabeth 319 Ann Hutchins 259 Ann Gibbs 189 Ann Maria 97, 300 Ann Maria Stockwell 87 Ann Matilda Estabrook . . 70, 110 Ann Whitman 212 Ann Whitman 187, 211 Anna 183 Anna Adaline 108 Anna Bowker 175, 181 Anna Chapman 185, 205 Anna Elizabeth 282 Anna Elizabeth Davy 206 Anna Keith 204 Anna M. Colvin 300, 331 Anna Maria 262 Anna Martin 276 Anna May 150 Anna McShane 310 Anne Frances Leonard 265 Annella Julia 311 Annette 82 Annie Branning 223 Annie Genevieve True 248 Annie Isabelle Squiers . . . 289, 323 Annie M. Kennedy 130 Annie Marston 235 Annie Mary *. 345 Annie May Brown 285 Annie Winter 97, 138 Annie Yerington 298 Anson . 198 INDEX. 553 HAPGOOD. PACK. Antoinette Maria 97 Ardella 235 Armine Augusta Howe 287 Artemas 64, 100, 101, 147, 183, 194 196, 239 Arthur Edmund 289 Arthur Lee 158 Arthur Salmon 311 Arthur William 281 Arthur Williams 322 Arzelia Worcester 147 Asa 39, 175, 181, 183, 190, 194, 195 197, 223, 226, 255, 355 Asa Gustavus 258 Augusta Angelina Potter .... Ill Augusta Ann Parker 90 Augusta Rebecca 228 Aurelia E. Davis Marsh .... 230 Austin A 107 Azubah Burt 185, 200 Bates Turner 196, 249 Ben Andrew 298, 327 Benjamin 87, 187, 211 Benjamin Franklin ... 42, 61, 90 Benjamin William 140 Bernice Adaline 297 Bert Ellsworth 325 Bertha 141, 156 Bertha Alma 325 Bertha Lillian 325 Bertha May 148 Bertha Schramling 315 Beulah Francis 248 Betsey 45, 51, 52, 60, 62, 101, 105, 183 194, 197 Betsey Elizabeth Priest . . . 191, 236 Betsey Grout 185, 199 Betsey Hopkins 199, 258 Betsey Hutchins 65, 104 Betsey Manley 134 Betsey Sa-win 62, 95 Betsey Temple 187, 210 Blanch Maria 148 Blanche Florence 142 Blanche Sherman 134 Bridgman 194, 240 Britta Mart 141 Bert Hiram . 311 Burton Lee 140 Byron Webber 305 Calvin 101 Calvin Lewis 140 Carl 322 Caroline 281 PAGE. Caroline Augusta 225 Caroline Brunswick Howe . 225, 296 Caroline Celia 105 Caroline Davies 212 Caroline Eldora 296 Caroline Hutchins . . . -. . . .107 Caroline Irene 297 Caroline Manley 413 Caroline Marcella 304 Caroline Minerva 285 Caroline Porter 265 Carrie 314 Carrie Bushtiner 340 Carrie E. Ames 254 Carrie Lee Bridgman 311 Carrie Lucretia 152 Carrie May 284 Carroll Lemuel 152 Catharine 63,185 Catharine A 187 Catharine Conant 187 Catharine Emma 268 Catharine Heleanor Hadley ... 89 Catharine Matilda 139 Catharine Wight Mixer . .211,281 Caty 191 Cellie 314 Cephas Jonathan 284, 358 Charles 195, 200, 202, 204, 215, 222 235, 244, 261, 268, 269, 337 Charles Albert 281 Charles Arthur 139, 157 Charles Burt 263, 358 Charles Butler 116, 155 Charles C 93, 135, 136 Charles Carlos 146 Charles Church 260 Charles Clarence 325 Charles Clinton 308 Charles Dana 282 Charles Douglass 340 Charles Edward . . . 274, 319, 358 Charles Elmore 252, 318 Charles F 254, 355 Charles Francis 270 Charles G 246 Charles Haven 128 Charles Henry 99, 111, 148, 156, 269 304, 358 Charles Hutchins 260, 317 Charles Jackson 299 Charles Julian 305 Charles Kit 313 Charles Lewis 334 554 INDEX. HAPGOOD. PAGE. Charles Louis 321 Charles Manning . . . 299, 329, 358 Charles Mixer 282 Charles N 252 Charles Nelson 282 Charles Warren .... 157, 304, 333 Charles Wesley 235 Charles Whitman 211,283 Charlotte .... 57,137,208,235 Charlotte Abbott 279 Charlotte Augusta 156 Charlotte Fleming . 345 Charlotte Harriet 301 Charlotte Hepsibah 299 Charlotte Hutchins 105 Charlotte Jeanette 277 Charlotte Maria 82 Charlotte Mead 76, 77 Chauncey 197,253 Chauncy Lewis 83 Chester McCoy 312 Chloe 243 Christina Bean 104 Christine Alice 311 Christopher Banister . . . 293, 325 Clara 88,344 Clara Alice 314 Clara Augusta Conner . . . 131, 157 Clara Charlotte 110 Clara Learned 157 Clara Louisa 308 Clarence Edgar 345 Clarence Emerson 315 Clarence Henry 315,341 Clarence Nahum 322 Clarinda Harvey 202, 261 Clarissa 88 Clarissa Dearth 79 Clarissa Laura Johnson . .251,316 Clarissa Merriam 290 Clark Bliss 248 Claude Noyes 316 Cleora Isadore 239 Cleora Morgan 70 Clifford 345 Clifford Elmer 316, 325 Columbia Wheeler 103, 147 Conant Brown 93 Constance 265 Constantine 238 Cora Isabel 143 Cora Jeanette 331 Cora Mabel 306 Cora Mabel Whitcomb 289 PAGE. Cora May 315 Cordelia Alexander 238 Cornelia Frances Pease 282 Cornelius 65,104,149 Cynthia 248 Cynthia Bliss 195, 247 Cynthia Hathaway .... 235, 302 Cyril William 104, 149 Cyrus 86, 131 Cyrus Howard 157 Cyrus Stowe 131, 156 Damaris 175, 184 Damaris Hutchins 171, 173 Dana Boardman 150 Daniel 30, 31, 41, 50, 51, 53, 54, 78, 79 355 Daniel Smiley 251, 315 David 176, 178, 183, 186, 188, 191, 193 214, 238, 284 David Engalls 238 David Thomas 98, 210 David Wood 87 Deborah Blair 243 Dech 355 Delia Bertha 142 Delia Earle 105, 150 Delia Smith 136 Delia Wells Nay 307 Delia Edith 331 Dexter 194 Dexter Milton 246, 314 Dimis 104 Direxa 197 Dolly 203 Dolly Grout 185, 203 Dolly Mosman 114 Dora Bell 158 Dora Meyer 286 Dorcas Whitcomb 43, 61 Dorcas Whitman 212 Dorcas Willis 188, 220 Dorothy Alden 333 Durwood Malcom 142 Earl Wilson 316 Eber 183, 203 Eda Augusta 135 Eddie Alwin 326 Edgar 129, 244, 252 Edgar Lyman 242 Edith Dora 307 Edith Eliza 316 Edith Elizabeth 155 Edith Emily 325 Edmund Augustus 287 Edmund Lorenzo 310 INDEX. 555 HAPGOOD. PAGE. Edna Frances , 180 Edna May 154 Edna Wilkinson 293, 325 Edsel Roy 324 Edson Harvey 291 Edward 343, 350 Edward Francis 223 Edward Leroy 158 Edward Thomas 298, 328 Edwin 85, 244 Edwin Cornelius 105 Edwin D 129 Edwin Otis 282 Effie Davis 244 Kttie Rebecca 142 Elbridge 238, 306 Eleanor Wheeler .... 86, 131 Elijah 175, 186, 207, 343 Eliphalet 228 Eliphalet G 228 Eliza 65, 101, 199, 211, 218, 222, 343 344 Eliza Ann 92 Eliza Ann Adams 85, 129 Eliza Ellen Tabour 130 Eliza Frances Breed .... 238, 310 Eliza Jane 149 Eliza Jane Plinney . . . .198,255 Eliza Pinkerton , . 204 Eliza Rebecca Davis . . . . 114, 154 Elizabeth, 25, 31, 39, 62, 70, 170, 187 213 229 Elizabeth Barber 188, 219 Elizabeth Bennett Bigelow ... 235 Elizabeth Broad 272, 318 Elizabeth Crosby 219 Elizabeth Cunningham Allen 186, 207 Elizabeth Derry 343, 344 Elizabeth Eager 208, 274 Elizabeth Grout 185, 199 Elizabeth Haley 211,283 Elizabeth Hill 329 Elizabeth Jane Hayman .... 344 Elizabeth Keep 40, 44 Elizabeth Lowry Paine 83 Elizabeth M. Smith .... 298, 328 Elizabeth Maxwell 42, 53 Elizabeth May 318 Elizabeth Maynard .... 191, 229 Elizabeth Morrison .... 194, 241 Elizabeth Porter Smith 96 Elizabeth Silsby 264 Elizabeth Shore 343 Elizabeth Tarment 287 PAGE. Elizabeth Treadway 25 Elizabeth Ward 23, 30 Elizabeth Wetherbee 31, 39 Ella Adelaide 235 Ella Autencia 288 Ella Frost 340, 342 Ella H. Baldwin 252, 316 Ella Harriet 248 Ella Louise 313 Ella Manton 134 Ella Maria 115, 149 Ella Mary 146 Ella Maud 158 Ella May 206, 231 Ella Vilmina 273 Ellen Augusta 83,277 Ellen Dorcas 291 Ellen Eliza 254 Ellen Frances 131 Ellen Hester Henney .... 344, 345 Ellen Jane Zeigler 272 Ellen Malinda 278 Ellen Mariah Coburn 147 Ellen Sarah Davis .... 299, 329 Elliot Elwood 141 Ellsworth 130 ElmaGenevieve 248 Elmer Irving 284 Elmira 195, 236 Elmore 195, 243 Elnoza Gertrude 325 Eloise Herman 301 Elvira 91, 224 Elvira Alice 287 Elwin Edwin 140 Emeline Angela 269 Emeline Louisa 304 Emily 91,243,244,245 Emily Chase Garfield . . . 210, 277 Emily Jeannette 91 Emily M. Palmer 91 Emily Tamzin Cutting . . . 290, 324 Emma . . - 150 Emma Church 202, 260 Emma Elizabeth Layley . . 298, 327 Emma Frances 260 Emma Gardiner 345 Emma Jane 282 Emma King 261 Emma Lavina 278 Emma Lizzie 146 Emma McLaughlin ...' 344 Emma Rose 158 Emma Thaliuen 322 556 INDEX. HAPGOOD. PAGE. Emma Wilson 337 Ephraim, 34, 42, 43, 55, 58, 59, 62, 64, 84, 85, 89, 92, 99, 128, 175, 186, 207, 355. Ephraim Augustin 210, 280 Ernest Albert 148 Ernest Augustin Tillison .... 280 Ernest Granger 89 Ernest Herbert 289 Ernest Nahum 322 Ernest Osgood 322 Ernest Wilcox 282 Ernest Wilfred 326 Erving Ellsworth 296 Estella Mabel 220 Esther Ann 133 Esther Gardner 41 , 50 Ethel Laura 314 Ethel Arline 316 Ethel Gleason 334 Ettie 244 Eugene 92 Eugene Cardell 149 Eugene Delarimore . . . .272,318 Eugene Palmer 339 Eugene Percival 285 Eugenie 318 Eunice 151,176,185,344 Eunice Baker 1 86, 208 Eunice Elizabeth 231 Euthera 79 Eva Lillian 285 Eva Stella -287 Eva Viola 223 Everett Ellsworth 303 Everett Emerson 284 Evie Alice 311 Fannie 305 Fannie Clark Mowry 284 Fannie Dora 345 Fannie Elizabeth Marple .... 318 Fannie Estelle 135 Fannie Louise Collins Powers 260, 317 Fannie Martha 322 Fannie Woodward 291 Fanny ..202 Fanny May 261 Fanny Willard 62, 92 Fay Gilbert 159 Felicia 53 Felicia Davies 213 Fidelia 194,198 Flora Bell 142 Flora Edith Huggins .... 299, 330 PAGE. Flora Lamira 87 Flora Leah 316 Florence 326,341 Florence Beulah Wilcox .... 248 Florence Buttrick 321 Florence Gertrude Stone .... 327 Florence Luella 325 Florence May 141 Florence Talbott 134 Florrie Adelle 314 Frances 338 Frances Amelia Ford . . . 337, 339 Frances Augusta Foster . . . 116, 155 Frances Elizabeth 97 Frances Emily 82 Frances Libbey 134 Frances Lucretia 341 Frances Marion 277 Frances Mary 202, 340 Frances Sarah 83 Frances Willard 93 Francis 188, 220, 222 Francis Calvin 289, 323 Frank 146,244,315 Frank Alfred 342 Frank Ashabel 247 Frank Chester . 325 Frank Elbridge 91 Frank Elkins 129 Frank Emerson 298 Frank Fay 307 Frank Joel 316 Frank Leander 280, 359 Frank Richards 345 Frank Webster 304 Frank Wesley 128 Franklin 137 Fred 146 Fred Charles 158 Fred Estabrook 341 Fred Eugene 81 Fred Hastings 298 Fred Warren 326 Freda Frances 148 Freddie Benora 332 Freddie Herbert 292 Frederick A 282 Frederick Herbert 316 George 68, 70, 91, 145, 149, 218, 288 George A 254 George Adams 336 George Albert 147, 306 George Burt 248 George Currier 129 INDEX. 557 HAPGOOD. PAGE. George Dana 211,281 George Davis :!L".I George Edmund 134 George Edward :;i:; George Elijah 276 George Epler 141 George F 243 George Grout 203, 2(35, 270 George Henry 157, 282 George Hodges 279 George Ira :!:>."> George Irving 2851,314 George Joseph 145 George Leonard 137 George Lorenzo 306 George M 289 George Negus .... 335, 336, 338 George Thomas .... 10, 344, :!4.~> George Washington . . 247, 268, 359 George William .... 223, 340. 341 George Woodman 81 Georgiana 305 Georgie Eva 142 Georgiette Leavitt 89 Gertie Louise 140 Gertrude Mae 152 Gilbert 221, 289 Gilbert Warren 290, 324 Gilman 224, 294 Gilman Perry 290 Gladys Helene 345 Glinn Adelbert 313 Grace A. Saunders 312 Grace Evelyn 325 Gracie Florence 326 Guy 105 Guy Forist 140 Guy Grover 159 H. J 10,353 Hallie Louise 148 Hannah 54, 77, 84, 187, 189, 221, 243 244. 343. 344 Hannah Ball 59, 84 Hannah Gamage 115 Hannah Louise Chapin .... 320 Hannah Sawyer 183 Hannah Scripture 221,289 Harley Horace 141 Harold 147 Harold Bryan 142 Harold Clark 248 Harold Frost 342 Harold Morton l.VJ Harriet . . 84, 198, 224, 233. 244, 254 Harriet Adeline . . 152 PAGE. 128 288 107 141 247 218 Harriet Amanda Whitten . . 85 Harriet Angeline Warren . 218 Harriet Asenath ....... Harriet Barnett ........ Harriet Davies ........ Harriet Deane ........ Harriet Elizabeth ....... 24 1 Harriet Ellen ......... 268 Harriet Ellen Horton ..... 205 Harriet Elmira ........ 305 Harriet Freelove Leach ..... 322 Harriet Holmes ........ 65 Harriet Litch ......... 321 Harriet Maria ........ 290 Harriet Matilda Bowker .... 304 Harriet Ne-^'dl Manning . . 237, 305 Harriet S ........... 228 Harriet S. Holmes ....... 105 Harriet Silsby ....... 202, 261 Harriette Isabelle ....... 91 Harrison ......... 245, 311 Harry ............ 265 Harry Llewellyn ....... 148 Harry S ............ 98 Hattie ............ 136 Hattie Alice ......... 306 Hattie B. Merrill ....... 147 Hattie Ella .......... 324 Hattie Frances ........ 289 Hattie May ....... 132, 307 Hattie Miranda ...... 291,292 Hattie Robbins ........ 306 Hattie Thompson ....... 152 Hazadiah .......... 178 Hazel ............ 313 Helen ............ 322 Helen Adaline Kimball . . .245,311 Helen Bowen ......... 222 Helen Elizabeth ....... 306 Helen Emery ......... 330 'Helen Louise ......... 97 Helen Maud ......... 135 Helen Meda ......... 279 Helen Stanard ........ 98 Henrietta ........ 81.137 Henrietta Melissa ....... 284 Henrietta Sawyer ....... 295 Henry . 44, 70, 89, 110, 187, 252, 359 Henry Augustus ....... 131 Henry Clifton ........ 144 Henry Derry ......... 344 Henry Edgar ......... 254 Henry Ford ....... 340, 341 Henry George ........ 345 Henry Julius ......... 248 558 INDEX. HAPGOOD. PAGE. Henry King 337, 340 Henry M 187 Henry Martin 248 Henry Nathaniel 219 Henry Nelson 284 Henry Otis 223 Henry Roland .... 277, 321, 322 Henry Stow 304 Hepsibeth . . .31,41,42,171,188 Hepzibah 179 Hepzibah Barnard .... 229, 299 Herbert 131 Herbert Henry 291,292 Herbert Jackson 330 Herbert Lyman 255, 316 Herbert Warren 334 Hezekiah . 31, 33, 43, 61, 63, 94, 355 Hiram Fairbank 115 Hiram Joy 90 Horace 196, 252 Horace Abbott 280, 322 Howard . . . 107, 359 Howard Clark 153 Howard Gilbert 307 Huldah 172 Hutchins 185, 199, 318 Ida 151 Ida Ann Millay 325 Ida Augusta 90 Ida Bell 248 Ida Charlotte 332 Ida Lizzie 292 Inez Anna Hayford 145 Inez Elzorn 326 Ira 224, 293 Ira Dana 293 Irene Beatrice 325 Irene Willard 99 Irving 130 Irving Roland 322 Isaac 191, 237 Isabel Florence 257 Israel 39 Iva Alice - . . 132 Jabez 50, 68 James .... 57, 58, 80, 83, 128, 190 James Derry 344 James Dow 310 James Estabrook 83 James Henry Augustus .... 231 James Lester 318 James Manson 108 James Mortimer 318 James Royce 346 PAGE. James Woods .... 180, 190, 228 Jane 195,211,240,246 Jane Burt 260 Jane Burt 260 Jane M 187 Jane Me Wain 63,97 Jay Woodman 313 Jemima Whitney 220 Jennie Bowker 183, 195 Jennie Brown 149 Jennie Durden 147 Jennie May Cox 148 Jennie Rose 143 Jennie Vilonia Paguin . . . 139, 157 Jerusha 79, 188 Jcrusha Gibbs 179, 187 Jertisha L. Wiley 260 Jesse Almerine 248 Jessie May 325 Joab 175, 185, 208, 273 Joan 19 Joanna 103 Joanna Salmon 99 Joel . 50,73,74,75,76,103,147,191 Joel Wilson 196, 251 John 18, 19, 45, 52, 61, 66, 67, 68, 87 108, 145, 172, 176, 177, 179, 183 186, 187, 193, 210, 237, 283, 342 343, 350 John Charles 341 John Dearth 79 John E 244 John Elbridge 306 John Estabrook 83 John Francis 100, 144 John Oilman 235, 301, 302 John Guy 151, 158 John H 223 John Henry 295, 359 John Herbert 301 John Hughes 248 John Jackson 346 John Jay . 159 John S 243 John Weeks 205, 271 John Winslow 296 Jonathan 34, 43, 62, 64, 75, 104, 178 179, 180, 187, 191, 221, 230, 236 290, 356 Jonathan Fairbank ... 38, 77, 111 Jonathan Gardner 115, 155 Joseph 44, 57, 86, 132, 173, 179, 180 190, 191, 214, 231, 232 Joseph Cracroft 341 INDEX. 559 HAPGOOD. PAGB. Joseph Frank 132 Joseph Henry .... 235, 300, 359 Joseph Jackson 229, 298 Joseph Rufus 231 Josephine 130 Josephine Alwilda 272 Josephine Eliza 255 Josephine Isabell 319 Josephine May Hubbard .... 310 Josephine Woodsum 281 Josiah 191,229,230 Josie Eva 142 Judith 168, 178, 191 JtuBtk Barker 24, 161 Julia Adelaide Carnage ... 78, 126 Julia Ann 82 Julia Corse 246, 314 Julia M. Rice 290 Julia Maria Zimmerman . . . 313 Julian 247 Julien Weeks 272, 319, 359 Karl Nelson 313 Kate McTigue 150 Laura Ann 226 Laura Edith 319 Laura Elizabeth 243 Laura Fitch 337 Laura Howard Chamberlain . .221 Laura Jane 98, 311 Laura M. Weston 194, 241 Laura Sarah 340 Laura Wells 151,158 Lavinia Ann Davis 221 Leiona Green Willard 99 Lelia Ellen 291 Lemuel Bemis .... 208, 275, 276 Lemuel Bicknell . . . 107, 151, 359 Lena 313 Lena May Harnden 137 Leon Lewis 316 Leon Morton 291 Leon Reuben 287 Leonard Silsby 265 Leslie Albert 327 Levi . . 185, 202, 204, 205, 293, 326 Levi Hutchins 205 Levi Mortimer 272 Levinah. 182 Lewis 236, 303 Lewis Ira 293, 327 Lilla Marion 326 Lillian Adaline 98 Lillian May 307 Lillian Viola Wilkins 296 PAGE. Lillie Fay 346 Lizzie Greenleaf 289 Llewellyn 215 Llewellyn Nelson 149 Lloyd Henry 321 Lois 40,187 Lois Stevens 179, 186 Loranda Simmons Klock . . 252, 315 Lorenzo 238, 304, 309 Lorenzo Elijah 210, 278 Lorette Belle 309 Lorette Louisa Dunlap . . . 238, 308 Lottie 137 Lottie Maria 321 Louisa 346 Louisa Jennie 158 Louisa Mann 206 Louise H 219 Louise May Offer -ly 315 Lovina 229 Lowey Paine 83 Lucia Cornelia 249 Lucia Hooker 222 Lucinda 185, 193 Lucinda Bigelow 240 Lucinda Manson 108 Lucius 131 Lucretia 185, 201 Lucretia Ann 261 Lucretia Leonard 202 Lucy 46, 56, 64, 73, 87, 103, 186, 191 194, 195, 207, 246, 337, 345 Lucy Adams 337 Lucy Adele 341 Lucy Ann 187 Lucy Bigelow 327 Lucy Cotton 214 Lucy Davis 42, 55 Lucy Elizabeth 99, 274 Lucy Elnora 142 Lucy Emma 288 Lucy F. Rice 197, 253 Lucy Forbush 210, 279 Lucy Fredreka 341 Lucy Howe 228 Lucy Howe 190, 228 Lucy Kendall 195, 244 Lucy Lavinia 294 Lucy M. Hogel 104 Lucy Munroe 186- Lucy Parsons 196, 252 Lucy Smith 185, 205 Lucy Tuttle 43, 64 Lucy Woods 22T 560 INDEX. HAPGOOD. Lucy Woods 180, Luella Googin Luke Luke Barnard 299, Lula Viola Lura Adaline Luther 218, Luther Maynard . . . 233, 299, Luther Sawyer . . . .300,331, Lydia . . 40, 41, 102, 185, 191, Lydia Bowker 175, Lydia Cross ley 198, Lydia Elizabeth Lydia Haskell Lydia Jane Lydia Seaver Wilson .... 200, Lydia Stearns Lyman . . . 147, 202, 239, 260, Lyman Proctor Lyman Sawin 96, Lyman Wilder .... 198, 204, Mabel 223, Mabel Eliza Mabel Hattie Brewer Mae Lizzie Emerson Mahala Malinda Muzzy Malvina Malvina A. Gleason .... 304, Mamie Marcia Marcia Elizabeth Marcia McGraw 203, Marcia McKay 94, Margaret Margaret Emma Rockwell . . . Margaret Kenney Margarette Matilda Maria 85, 94, Maria Barnes 214, Maria Chapin King Maria Elizabeth Mills Maria Elizabeth Woodward . 222, Maria H Maria Haven 82, Marie Josephine Marietta Stewart Marietta Wilcox Marilla 95, Marion 141, Marion Esther Marion Hadley Marshall Marshall Jay 299, PAGE. PAGE. 190 Marshall Manning 299 128 Martha .... 95, 186, 207, 213, 222 89 Martha Amanda 276 329 Martha Ann 119 87 Martha Bolton Ashton 263 98 Martha Candace Aseltine . . 293, 326 359 Martha Jane 100, 143 359 Martha Maria Collester . . 277, 327 359 Martin 196 200 Martin E 243 184 Mary, 23, 43, 54, 66, 68, 86, 95, 104 256 165, 178, 180, 187, 191, 214, 220 286 230, 253, 286 73 Mary A 288 96 Mary Adeline Barnard . . 115, 155 259 Mary Adeline 313 214 Mary Agnes Currier 129 303 Mary Alexander Gardner . . . 146 316 Mary Amelia 341 138 Mary Amelia Cracroft . . . 340, 341 254 Mary Ann, 87, 100, 109, 197, 224, 251 264 346 130 Mary Ann Bishop 247 289 Mary Ann Buxton 281 145 Mary Ann Condy Warren .221, 290 94 Mary Ann Hosmer .... 61,87 215 Mary Ann Long 295 95 Mary Ann Munroe .... 68, 109 333 Mary Ann Wells 271 345 Mary Bradford 309 137 Mary Brooks 173, 180 268 May Bruce Eager 210 267 Mary Caroline 107 137 Mary Catharine Kirkpatrick 272, 319 213 Mary Cordelia Rounds 301 329 Mary Creasy Estabrook . . . . 58, 80 223 Mary E. Howe 283 96 Mary E. Zeigler 271 102 Mary Ednah 288 285 Mary Elizabeth . . .57,81,115,270 104 Mary Elizabeth Miles . . . 274, 320 284 Mary Ella 231, 241 291 Mary Elvila Buzzell 142 200 Mary Esther 79 127 Mary Esther Gates 231 328 Mary Foster 55 228 Mary Frances 204, 268 282 Mary Frances Badger 306 105 Mary Frazier 60, 86 314 Mary Gibson 41 130 Mary Green Wheeler . . . 293, 327 89 Mary Haniford 243 91 Mary Harnden 62, 93 330 Mary Haskell . . . . 45, 55, 64, 67 INDEX. 561 HAPGOOD. PAGE. Mary Heald 31, 32 Mary Jael 144 Mary Jael Sanderson . . . 100, 143 Mary Jane. . . . 101,148,287,311 Mary Josephine 235 Mary Josephine Proctor . . . 255, 316 Mary L. Young 100, 145 Mary Lizzie 132 Mary Louisa 128, 239 Mary Louisa Woodman 284 Mary Manning 226 Mary Merriam Wright .... 55 Mary Morgan Smith .... 303, 333 Mary Olive 290 Mary Priscilla 261 Mary Rebecca 296 Mary Spaulding 300 Mary Stiles 339 Mary Susan 275 Mary Temple McCollom .... 87 Mary Warfield 288 Mary Wetherbee Hunter . .211,283 Mary Witt 293 Mary Witt . . 190, 223 Maryette 88 Matthew Holmes 133 Maud Estella 321 Maud Mabel 307 Maud Sarah 316 Maude Estelle 132 Maurice Engalls 310 May 136 Melinda 94 Melissa 244 Melvin Barnett 140 Melvin Hathaway .... 6, 303, 332 Mercy 39, 46, 49, 62 Mildred 341 Miles Morgan 333 Mindwell 108 Minerva Jane Robinson . .239,310 Minnie A. Hughes 248 Minnie Amie 150 Minnie Eliza 142 Mirrnie Elsie 279 Minnie May 316 Molly Hunt 58 Molly Tuttle 43, 58 Molly Tuttle 61 Moses 189, 214, 283 Myra Louise 311 Myron Edward 231 Myron Leander 288 Myrtle Jeanette 141 PAGB. Nathaniel, 19, 22, 23, 27, 28, 29, 30 31, 32, 42, 43, 52, 53, 59, 85, 86 133, 188, 215, 219, 356 Nathaniel Tuttle 64 Nabby 58 Nahum 186 Nahum Roland 210, 276 Nancy 71 Nancy A.. Pinker ton 204 Nancy Durgen Holmes . . .210, 280 Nancy Longley 93 Nancy Puffer 50 Nancy Sophia 328 Nancy Sophia Brigham . . 226, 297 Nathan Davies 213 Nathan Frazier 82 Nathan Henry 132 Nathan Stone 86 Nellie 134 Nellie Abbie 292 Nellie Arline 146 Nellie G. Pike 100, 146 Nellie M. Rice 223 Nelson 246 Nettie Hunt 340, 341 Nettie Walker 141 Nina Lee 149 Norman 317 Normand Webster 333 Ola Frank 141 Olive Abbott '248 Olive Beatrice 248 Olive Caroline Emery . . . 299, 329 Olive Quinnum 301 Olive Sarah 292 Olive Wetherbee Houghton . 233, 299 Oliver 40, 42, 43, 64, 100, 102, 103, 143 185, 205, 359 Oliver Mason 229 Oliver Massina 141, 144 Olivette 346 Olivia 336, 338 Omar 305 Orton Christopher 325 Orville Weeks 273 Oscar Elbridge 306 Otis Whitney 211 Pearl 346 Perciveranda 91 Perciveranda Joy 61,90 Percy Ray 141 Persis 178, 188, 229, 233 Persis Bigelow 224, 293 Phebe Ann . 228 562 INDEX. HAPGOOD. PAGE. Phebe Rice 190, 226 Phenia E. Woodman 313 Phinehas 39 Polly 60, 62 Polly Haskill 100 Polly Rice 183, 196 Rachel Mildred 322 Ralph 345 Ralph Burden 148 Rebecca 59, 86, 226 Rebecca Dixon 336, 338 Rebecca Fay 194, 239 Rebecca Gibson 34, 42 Rebecca Haddock 293, 326 Rebecca Hemingway .... 205, 271 Rebecca Hibbard 204, 269 Rebecca Mason 140 Rebecca Nourse 103 Rebecca Sargent 51 Rebecca Stowe 59, 86 Rebecca W. Brooks Davis ... 53, 78 Rebecca W. Mason 100, 139 Relief Crouch 50 Reuben 114,286 Reuben Henry 286, 359 Reuben Leander . . . 210, 279, 359 Rheuanna Smith 195, 243 Richard . 100, 146, 341, 343, 344, 350 Richard Frank 142 Robert 222 Rosa Lucy Schumacher 141 Rosalette 269 Rosanna Emogene 306 Rosilla Baker .... i .... 141 Roswell Turner 275 Roxana Wilson 81 Roy 345 Roy Francis 334 Roy Glendon 130 Rufus 52,214,285,286 Rufus Henry 287 Russell Warren 154 Ruth 142, 191, 230, 318 Ruth Adaline 341 Ruth Amelia 107 Ruth Carter Moore .... 214, 286 Ruth Elizabeth 235 Ruth Jackson 180, 186, 190 Ruth Morgan 333 Ruth Olivia 316 Ruth Wolcott 34 Sally 193 Sally Amsden 193, 238 Sally Fairbank 50, 75 PAGE. Sally Kimball 193, 238 Sally Myrick 183, 193 Sally Wether bee 214, 283 Salmon Kimball 239, 310 Salome 221 Salome Fay 239 Salome Savage 93, 135 Sam 357 Samuel . . . 42 f 51, 53, 55, 222, 291 Samuel Clifton 272 Samuel Davis 56 Samuel Marsh 108 Sarah 24, 31, 33, 40, 43, 62, 66, 103 104, 167, 187, 191, 221, 223, 228, 241 Sarah Aldrich Williams .... 322 Sarah Allena 239 Sarah Ann 150 Sarah Ann Church 211 Sarah Ann Parker .... 101, 147 Sarah Carr 190, 222 Sarah E 260 Sarah Elizabeth 235 Sarah Elizabeth Gilbert .... 306 Sarah Ella 252 Sarah Frances Manning .... 227 Sarah Gilbert 238 Sarah Goodwin Clark . . . 107, 152 Sarah H 336 Sarah H. Douglass .... 337, 340 Sarah Hodges 210, 278 Sarah Hunt 44 Sarah Isabel 147 Sarah Jane 301 Sarah Joy 90 Sarah Lorrette 308 Sarah Louisa 228, 285 Sarah Mae 153 Sarah Mariah 128 Sarah Mosman 115 Sarah Myrick 240 Sarah Rebecca Smith 309 .Sarah Robbins 82 Sarah S. Cutting 222 Sarah Sophia 271 Sarah Theresa 319 Sarah Turner 274 Sarah Whitney ...... 31,33,34 Sarah Wilson 81 Seth . . . 175, 183, 200, 202, 259, 261 Seth Chapman 20$ Sewell Myrick 290 Shadrach 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 25, 27, 29 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38, 39, 40, 44, 50, 347, 348, 357 INDEX. 563 HAPGOOD. PAGE. Sherman 134, 137 Sherman Willard 93, 133 Silas 237, 305 Simon 60,86 Simon Allen 207 Solomon 175, 185, 200, 202 Solon Eugene 134 Sophia 60, 183 Sprout 62,95 Stanley Allen :;_'" Stella 136, 254 Stella Marion 327 Stella Seymour Bailey 338 Stephen . . . . 186 Sumner 305 Susan 69, 136, 232, 343 Susan Adelaide 305 Susan Elizabeth 204 Susan Harrington 196, 251 Susan Lawrence 237, 305 Susan Maria 274 Susan Payn 343 Susan Rebecca 294 Susan Wetherbee 77, 114 Susan Wetherbee 285 Susan Whitney 235 Susan Wright Ross .... 224, 294 Susannah 51,54,59 Susannah Haskell 50, 69 Susannah Maynard .... 191, 232 Susie Hutchins 149 Susie Loraine 331 Sylvia 195, 196, 293 Theodore Brown 6, 227 Theodore Goldsmith .... 115, 116 Thomas 8, 19,24, 57, 63, 97, 160, 162 163, 171, 173, 180, 182, 190, 199 223, 258, 343, 349, 357 Thomas Dana 293, 326 Thomas Emerson . . . 226, 297, 329 Thomas Ford 340 Thomas Layley 328 Thomas Tuttle 85 Tillison 195. 247 Ula Alice 146 Urania Arethusa 301 Vashti Eunice 278 Victoria Perry Morry 223 Victory Morry i"_':; Viola Naomi Putnam 290 Viola Steele 280 Walter David 238 Walter Eager 275 Walter Henry 321 PAGB. Walter Joab 274 Walter William 148 Warren Title Page, Preface, 18, 39 78, 119, 347, 349, 370, 879, 399 411,445, 451,455, 466,470, 515 523, 527, 530 Warren Collester 321 Warren Earl 159 Warren Elbert 327 Warren Foster 156 Wayne 341 Wesley 105, 150 Wesley Gardner 155 Wilbur 284 Wilbur Gould 285 William 19, 62, 93, 94, 137, 150, 190 214, 224, 284, 337, 339, 341 343, 345 William Charlton 270 William Dana 150 William Estabrook Stearns . 82, 127 William Frank 258 William George 225, 296 William Green 237, 305 William Henney 343 William Henry . . 134, 298, 305, 346 William James 345, 346 William Kersey 338 William Lbrenzo 281 William Salmon . . . 100, 139, 141 William Solon 142 William Wesley 286 Willie Wesley 159 Willis 137 Wilson 81 Windsor 183 Winnifred 286 Zeph 248 Zipporah Emily 296 HARDING. Lyman L 198 HARLOW. Adaline Sawyer 72 Ann Eliza 71 Charles Ellis 71, 359 Clara Miriam 72 Edward Omar 72 George Hapgood 72 John Bowker 73 Mary Wetherbee 73 Phineas Holden 71 Susan Matilda 72 564 INDEX. PAGE. HARNDEN. Byron Edward 137 Calvin 63 Cora Etta 94 Elbridge 62 Ellen Rebecca 94 Joshua Ames 137 Lena May . 137 Marcia Hapgood 137 Mary 62, 93 Polly Hapgood 62 Rebekah N 63 Sarah 63 Sarah Ann 94 Sarah Jane 94 William 63 Wyman 63 HARRINGTON. Addie 233 George Albert 46 Susan 196, 251 HARTSHORN. Ebenezer 176 Elizabeth May 110 Eunice Hapgood 176 HARTWELL. Ellen Cleora 69 George 69 Jeremiah Chaplin 73 Josiah 69 Sarah 69 Susan Hapgood . 69 HARVEY. Clarinda 202, 261 HASKELL. Mary 45, 55, 64, 67, 100 Susannah 50, 69 HASTINGS. Elizabeth 258 John 258 Moses 170 HATHAWAY. Cynthia .... i ... 235, 302 HAVEN. Maria 2, 127 HAWKINS. Caroline 264 Cornelius Silsby 264 PAGE. HAWKINS. Concluded. Edwin Montgomery 264 Elizabeth Hapgood 264 Elizabeth Silsby Hapgood ... 264 FredJ 300 Harriet Thurber 264 Henry Clay 264 Margaret Hapgood 264 Margaret Maria Hapgood . . . 264 Richard Mott 264 HAWTHORNE. Artemas Hapgood 240 Dennis C 240 Rosamond Fay 240 Sarah Myrick Hapgood . . .240 HAYFORD. Inez Anna 145 HAYNAM. Elizabeth Jane 344 HAYNES. Peter 18,348 Thomas 19,348 HAYWARD. Abiell 25 Ebenezer 25, 26 Elizabeth -25 Elizabeth Treadwa-y Hapgood . 25 James 25 Joseph 25, 26 Prudence 26 Simon 25 HEALD. Mary 31,32 HEATH. Anson Day 315 Cora May Hapgood 315 Ellis Munroe 315 Mary Ethel 315 Orry Benjamin 315 HECKLINGER. Martin 336 HEMINGWAY. Rebecca . 205, 271 HENNEY. Ellen Hester 344, 345 James 343 William 344 INDEX. 565 PAGE. HERSEY. Horatio B 47 Louisa Farwell 48 Mary Louise 47 HESS. Albert R 301 Benjamin B 301 Charlotte Harriet Hapgood . , 301 Edith Fannie 301 Ida S 301 HEWSON. Bertha Eliza 271 Charles Ellery 271 Charles Wentworth Upham . . 270 Elizabeth Chandler 271 Florence Rebecca 271 Mary Elizabeth Hapgood . . . 270 HlBBARD. Rebecca 204, 269 HlGGINS. Clara Alzina 250 Daniel 250 Edwin Hapgood 250 Frank Wayland 250 Orrin Thrall 249 Timothy 250 Lucia Cornelia Hapgood . . . 249 HIGHLAND. Eva 106 HlLDRETH. Hannah 44 Jennie Ingalls 128 Rhoda 44 HILL. Alice Lee 295 Charles H 295, 359 Henrietta Sawyer Hapgood . . 295 Ruth Lee 295 Susan Martha 295 HILLIARD. Charles Burt 260 Emma Jane 260 Jane Burt HapgooJ 260 Minor Hapgood 260 HINDMAN. Frances Emily Hapgood ... >2 Wesley 82 PAGE. HINDS. Albert 200 Alfred Hutchins 200 Ellen 200 Ephraim 200 Fannie Martha Hapgood . . . :\'2'2 Flora Isabella 200 Henry Parkman 322 Maria 200 Maria H. Hapgood 200 HlNES. Martin . 344 HlTTINGER. Caroline Manley Hapgood . .134 T. Starr 134 HOAR. Benjamin 168 HOBBS. Harriet Asenatk Hapgood . . 107 Henry W 107 HODGES. Sarah 210, 278 HODGMAN. Cyrus H 237 Isaac Henry 237 HOGEL. Lucy M 104 HOLDEN. Alfred 292 Mabel Hapgood 292 Miriam 71 HOLLAND. Reuben HOLLIS. Urena 175 81 HOLMES. Almira Jane 86, 132 Cora Isabel Hapgood 143 Harriet S <>5, 105 Lincoln H . . .143 Nancy Durgen 210, 280 HOLT. Charles 252 Charles Edgar 252 Sarah Ella Hapgood .... 252 566 INDEX. PAGE. HOOD. Susan Hapgood 343 HOOKER. Lucia 222 Thomas 333 HOPKINS. Betsey 199, 258 Constanta 250 HORTON. Harriet Ellen . . 205 HOSMER. Elmira 45 Harriet Estabrook 57 Mary Ann 61,87 Molly Tutlle Hapgood .... 61 Silas 61 Stephen 59 HOUDLETT. John M 93 HOUGHTON. Albert Lemuel 290 Alice Luella 290 Anna Mabel 326 Clarence Lemuel 290 Hannah Hapgood 77 Harriet Maria Hapgood . . . 290 Harrison Albert 290 Hiram 77 Ina May 290 Jonas Taylor 287 Olive Wetherbee .... 233, 299 Sadie Louise 290 HOWARD. Amasa 97 Edwin 97 George Levi 97 Jenny Lind 97 John Galen .97 Levi 96 Lydia Jane Hapgood 96 ' Mary 97 Sarah Elizabeth 97 HOWE. Abigail 168 Abigail B 180 Alvan 176 Armine Augusta 287 Caroline Brunswick . . . 225, 296 Charlotte 175 PAGE. HOWE. Concluded. Damaris 168, 176 Damaris Hapgood 175 Daniel 171, 176 Edward 20 Elizabeth 168 Esther 175 Eunice 176 Ezekiel 180 Ezra 164 Francis 180 Henry Clayton 219 Ichabod 168 Isaac 168 John 31 John Hapgood 176 Jonas 179 Jonathan 167 Joseph 180 Lambert 180 Lewis 180 Lois 172 Louisa 178 Lucretia 175 Lucy 180, 190, 228 Lydia 180 Lyman 176 Margaret 20 Mary 62,168 Mary Denison 220 Mary E 283 Mary Hapgood 180 Millicent 168 Nathan 169, 171 Paul 168 Polly 180 Relief 176 Sarah 31, 167, 168 Sarah Hapgood 167 Silvanus 168 Solomon 168, 175 Thomas 180 HOWES. Caroline Bradford 291 Clarence 290 Frederick Hapgood 291 Mary Olive Hapgood 290 HOXIE. Abram 82 HUBBARD. Josephine May 310 INDEX. 567 HUCKINS. Etta May . . HUDSON. William Henry PAGE. . 128 246 HUKFMASTER. Beatrice 83 Blanche 83 Edna 83 Ellen Augusta Hapgood ... 83 Helen 83 Hu Taylor 83 James Taylor 83 HUGGINS. Flora Edith 299, 330 HUGHES. Minnie A 248 HUNT. Molly 58 Nettie 340, 341 Samuel 24 Sarah 44 HUNTER. Mary Wetherbee .... 211, 283 HUTCHINS. Betsey 65, 104 Caroline 107 Charlotte .105 Damaris 171, 173 Susie 149 INGALLS. Kate F 95 Leonard Abbott 95 Lilly G 95 JACKSON. Marcus D 234 Ruth 180, 186, 190 JENNINGS. Archie Eugene 273 Calvin W 273 Elijah Warren 273 Ella Vilmina Hapgood .... 273 George Alvis 273 Orville Elmore .273 JENNISON. Joseph Brooks 176 Rebecca 175 PAGE. JOHNSON. Almira Hapgood 205 Ann Maria 56 Artemas Ward 221 Charles 245 Clarissa Laura 251,315 Edwin 205 Eliphalet 205 Hannah Newton 222 Harrison Willis 222 Isaac Thomas 221 Myra E 205 Olive Mason 222 Oliver H 205 Sarah Hapgood 221 Sidney 205 William 205 William A 205 JONES. Abel 56, 60 Abel White 56 Abigail Merriam 56 Abraham Hapgood 57 Charlotte Hapgood 56 Clarissa 57, 60 Esther 169 James Francis 57 John 183 Lucinda White 56 Lucy 56 Lucy Hapgood 56 Luke 57 Winthrop Emerson 57 JOSLIN. Frederick Alonzo 115 Hannah Gamage Hapgood . .115 Theodore Goldsmith 115 JOY. Perciveranda 61, 90 KARLE. Conrad 292 Effie 292 KEEP. Elizabeth 40, 44 Jabez 44 Samuel 44 KELTON. Arthur 254 Edward E 254 Ellen Eliza Hapgood 254 568 INDEX. y PAGE. KELLOGG. Merab Ann Bradley 203 KELLY. George D. B 58 Jacob 58 KENDALL. Amelia 198 Lucy 195, 244 KENFIELU. Ebenezer 187 Hannah Hapgood 187 Sarah J 187 William Frederick 187 KENNEDY. Annie M 130 KENNEY. Margaret 223 KERLEY. William 29, 32, 35 KEYES. Hannah 206 John 26 KEYS. Mattie . 84 KlFF. Alice Sophia Hapgood . 298 . 298 . 298 . 298 Dorothy Grace George Washington . Howard Hapgood . . KILGORE. Eugene K 148 KIMBALL. Elijah 204 Elizabeth 58 Helen Adaline 311 Sally 193,238 KING. Maria Chapin 104 KINGSBURY. Alice 132 William 193 KINSMAN. Samuel Austin 198 T . PAGE. KlRKPATRICK. Mary Catharine 272, 319 KLOCH. Lorando Simmons . . . 252, 315 KNEELAND. Harris Birney 1Q1 KNOWLTON. Seth . 176 KOCH. Jacobina 220 LADD. Augustus 94 Charles T 94 Maria Hapgood 94 Stephen L 94 LAMPHIER. William P 335 LAMPSON. Ida Edwina 295 LANCHESTER. Robert P . 233 LANDON. Caroline A. LARKIN. Peter LAROSE. James 205 166 272 LAWRENCE. Abiathar *...... 198 Anson 193 Caroline Louisa 198 Ella E 236 Frederick Abiathar . . . . '. 198 George B 236 Georgiana Emogene 230 Harriet Hapgood 198 John 44 Prudence 24 Russell 235 Ruth Elizabeth Hapgood ... 235 Susan 237, 305 INDEX. 569 PAGE. LAWRY. Charles Allison 82 Charlotte Maria Hapgood . . 82 Ira Franklin 82 Julia Ann Hapgood 82 Lewis 82 Lillian Gertrude 82 LAYLEY. Emma Elizabeth . . 298, 327 LEACH. Harriet Freelove 322 LEAVITT. Georgiette 89 LEE. Grace 75 Lucy Abby 58 LEER. Hannah 57 LEIGH. Adaline 104, 149 LEONARD. Anne Frances 265 John Hiram 114, 359 Lucretia 202 Susan IVetherbee Hapgood . .114 LESTER. Asa Morton 151 Benjamin 151 Bessie 151 Burnie 151 Eunice Hapgood 151 Lawrence 151 Myrtle 151 Ray R '. . . . 151 Wesley 151 LETT. Ann Maria Hapgood 300 Charlotte M 301 Hattie 300 Henry 300 Lillian J 300 Mary P 301 Stephen H 300 LEWIS. Abbie Burdett 233 Abby H. Davis 131 Abigail Hapgood 103 PAGE. LEWIS. Concluded. Albert Jerome 233, 360 Albion G 103 Charles Henry 232 Eliza Ann 233 Ellen Charlotte 233 George Thomas 232 John Burdett 233 Marshall James 233, 359 Sarah Lucinda 233 Serena Maria 233 Susan Hapgood 232 Susan Sophia 233 Thomas 233 Waldo Joseph 233 Walter Smith 233 LIB BEY. Frances 134 LITCH. Susie Isadore 321 LOBDELL. James E 107 LOMBARD. Harriet 201 LONG. Mary Ann 295 LONGLEY. Ivory 40 LORD. David P 94 LORING. Henrietta Coleman 92 LOTT. Mary 251 LOVEWELL. John 24, 25 LO\VE. Albert W 233 LUDDON. Ada Frances . ... 72 McAusLAN. Caroline Marcel/a Hapgood . . 304 James 304 James Lewis 304 Margaret Almira 304 570 INDEX. PAGE. McBERTY. Frank Robert 340 McCALLOM. Mary Temple 87 McCURDY. Samuel H 336 MCDONALD. Alexander 142 Lucy Elnora Hapgood .... 142 McGEARY. Clara Rosina 313 Ella Louise Hapgood 313 Frances E. Willard 313 Herbert Kimball 313 John S. 313 McGRAW. Marcia . 203, 267 McKAY. Marcia . . . MCLAUGHLIN. Emma . . . 94, 137 344 MCNEIL. Daniel Hapgood 319 Daniel Sumner 319 Laura Edith Hapgood . . . .319 Zoe Eloie 319 McPHERSON. Alfred B 331 Cora Jeanette Hapgood . . . .331 McSHANE. Anna 310 McTlGUE. Kate 150 McWAIN. Jane 63, 97 MACE. Francis Milton 325 Jessie May Hapgood 325 Myrtle Edna 325 MANLEY. Betsey 134 MANN. Jonathan 215 Louisa 206 PAGE. MANNING. Harriet Newell 237, 305 Mary 226 MANSON. Lucinda .... 108 MANTOR. Ella 134 MAPES. Alice Frances Hapgood .... 329 Edson Smith 329 MARPLE. Fannie Elizabeth 318 MARSH. Amelia Davis 230 Charles '.'... 79 Minnie E 79 MARSTON. Annie 235 MARTIN. Elsie Anna 276 MASON. Rebecca Woodsum . . . 100, 139 Sarah Frances 227 MAXWELL. Elizabeth MAYNARD. 42,53 Abel 179 Abigail 52 Alice 52 Betsey Hapgood 51 Caroline Eldora Hapgood . . . 296 Catharine 52 Charles 48,49 Charles Corey 109 Charles Theodore 49 Cora Gertrude 296 Eliza 52 Elizabeth 191,229 Elvira 52 Ernest Allston 296 Gilbert 52 John Edward 110 John Hapgood 52 John Quincy 296 Joseph 52 Martha 52 Afary Ann Hapgood 109 INDEX. 571 PAGE. MAYNARD Concluded. Mary Esther 52 Rufus 52 Susan 52 Susan Maria 276 Susanna 191, 232 Willie 296 MEAD. Charles Hapgood 157. Charlotte 76 Clara Learned Hapgood . . .157 Stanley 157 MENZIES. Abbie Victoria Hapgood .... 83 James 83 MERRIAM. Clarissa . . 290 MERRILL. Hattie B . .147 MERRITT. Thomas G. MEYER. Dora 225 286 MILES. Mary Elizabeth 274, 320 MlLLAY. Ida Ann 325 Philip Eastman 285 MILLER. Albert 136 Alice Hapgood 157 Annie 136 Charles Henry 157 Isaac 30 Kilburn 105 Mar ilia Hapgood 105 Stella 136 Susan Hapgood 136 Tamson 59 William 105 MILLS. Maria Elizabeth . 284 MITCHELL. Nellie ... .231 PAGE. MIXER. Catharine Wight .... 211, 281 Moms. Minerva 103 MONTGOMERY. Charles 150 Ada Hapgood 150 MOODY. Charles Henry 96 Enoch Clark 96 Frank H 96 Frederick Clark 96 Lyman Hapgood 96 Margarette Matilda Hapgood . 96 Mary Elizabeth 96 MOOR. Jonathan MOORE. 32 Abbie Frances Hapgood .... 135 Annie 135 Daniel 23 Eda 135 Edward Hervey 228 Emma Ann 228 Fred A 228 Fred Dennis 135 George C 225 George Frank 135 John Hervey 228 Lewis Sherman 135 Phebe Ann Hapgood 228 Ruth Carter 214, 286 MORGAN. Cleora . 70 MORRISON. Elizabeth 194, 241 MORSE. Abigail 172, 178 Charles Augustus 142 Edmund Royce 263 George 226, 263 Josie Eva Hapgood 142 Leander 234 Lucius Adelbert 202 Mary Ella 143 Prescott Howard '. 143 572 INDEX. PAGE. MORRY. Victoria Perry '223 Victory 223 MORTON. Ernest Lyle 292 Fannie Woodward Hapgood . . 291 George Alvy 291 Raymond Ford 292 MOSHER. Isaac Mary MOSMAN. Dolly . . . MO WRY. Fannie Clark 236 236 114 284 MUNROE. Abraham 40 Jonas C 223 Lucy 186 Lydia 40 Lydia Hapgood 40 Mary Ann 68, 109 MUNYON. Huldah MUZZY. Malinda MYRICK. Sally NASH. Clarissa Hapgood . Frederick Gushing Frederick Hapgood NAY. Delia Wells . . . NEIL. Nellie NEWCOMB. John Hamilton . . NEWTON. Mary NEWVILLE. Effie 183 107 215 193 307 233 219 173 251 PAGE. NICHOLS. Abby Susannah Hapgood . . . 302 Amelia Harriet 82 Evelyn Cynthia Hapgood . . 303 Samuel Benjamin 303 NICKERSON. Alvin P 52 NlLES. Eugene Manley 72 NOBLE. Catharine C 250 NORCROSS. William 166 NORMAN. Thomas J 325 NOURSE. John 178 Mercy Hapgood 62 Moses 62 NOYES. Dorothy 348 Peter 18, 20, 23, 347, 348 NYE. Alonzo 516, 517, 519 David B 504 OAKS. Nathaniel 32 OFFERLY. Louise May 315 OLMSTEAD. Blanche 251 O'NEIL. Agnes Gove 154 ORMSBY. Florence May 142 Florence May Hapgood .... 141 William Jesse 141 OSBORN. John 191 OWEN. Albert 91 Annie Beatrice 91 Hattie Marion 91 Tames 345 INDEX. 573 PACKARD. Charles E. . . PAGE. Clarence . . . PAGUIN. Jennie Vilonia PAINE. Thomas . PAGE. . 102 336 250 PALMER. Emily M HI Mary Davis 198 PARKER. Adelbert E 102 Amos B 314 Augusta Ann 90 Betsey Hapgood 101 Charles 102 Chester Curtis 144 Edwin Clark 84 Emily J 102 Flora E 102 George 102 Harold Bryant 144 Ida M 102 John 102 Kate N 102 Malinda 102 Mary A 102 Mary Jael Hapgood 144 Milton Augustus 144 Roy Milton 144 Sarah Ann 101, 147 Submit 25 William 101 William Gardner 102 PARKHURST. George 24 PARKS. Eliza Hapgood 211 George H 211 Mary C 233 Phineas 211 PARSONS. Lucy 196, 252 PAYN. Susan 343 PAYNE. Elizabeth Lowey 83 PAGE. PEASE. Cornelia Frances ...... _'-_ PEELER. Martin F. .... ..... -J21 PERKINS. Alfred ........... 94 Abbie Jane ......... 95 Albert Harrison ...... 130 Charles Shipley ....... 130 Clarence Andrew ...... 130 Edith Eliza ......... 130 Josephine Hapgood ...... 130 Mahala Hapgood ...... 94 Mary H ........... 179 Nelson Wolcott ...... 130 Samuel Ernest ....... 130 Samuel Spencer ....... 130 PERRY. Calvin ........... 228 Elisha ........... 188 PETERS. John Howe ......... 227 John Melville ........ 227 Lucy Woods ........ 227 Lucy Woods Hapgood .... 227 PHINNEY. Eliza Jane ....... 108, 255 PHIPPS. Charlotte ......... 261 Mary Ella ......... 261 Mary Priscilla Hapgood . . . 261 Solomon .......... 261 PIKE. Asa ............ 63 Nellie Grace ...... 100, 146 PlNGREE. Abby Scribner Hapgood . . . .139 Charles Henry ....... 139 Fred William ........ 139 Georgiana ......... 139 Wilhelmina ........ 139 William .......... 139 PlNGRY. Frank S ....... PlNKERTON. Nancy A. 236 204 574 INDEX. PAGE. PIPER. Eunice 51 Frank 95 POLLARD. Albert Atherton 68 POOLE. Mary Lowe 72 POPE. Charles 288 POWERS. Fannie Louise Collins . . 260, 317 PRATT. Edwin 244 PRESCOTT. John 75 Lydia 75 PRESTON. Elliott 308 PRIEST. Betsey 191,236 Jeremiah 32 PROCTOR. Mary Josephine 255, 316 PUFFER. Mary 61 Nancy . . PUTNAM. Viola Naomi 50 290 RANDALL. Abby 224 Mary Ellen 234 Susan 68 RAY. Abraham 191 George 225 RAYMOND. Ephraim Hapgood 85 Hannah Hapgood 85 Harriet 85 Harriet E 245 Marcus Morton 85 Nathan 85 PAGE. REED. George 276 Joseph Edmund 276 Hapgood 276 Luther T 245 Martha Amanda Hapgood . . 276 William 276 REMAIN. John 29 RESHON. Leah 246 REYNOLDS. Annie Yerington Hapgood . . 298 Hiram R 298 Katharine Alice 298 RICE. Abigail Hapgood 179 Benjamin 188 Benjamin P 188 Betsey Hapgood 197 Catharine 179 Edward 20 Eliza Freeman 198 Elizabeth 188 Freeman 197 George 188 Hezekiah 170 John 188 Jonathan 179 Julia M 290 Levi 179 Lucy 179 Lucy F 197, 253 Lydia 179 Martha 24 Mary 168 Mary C 188 Nancy 179 Nellie M 223 Persis 188 Per sis Hapgood 188 Phebe 190, 226 Polly 183, 196 Solomon 179 Susannah W 188 Willard 179 RICHARDS. Ann Whitman 213 Charles Benjamin 214 Galen Kingman 213 Hannah Kingman 213 Henry 213 Henry Kingman 213 Margaret Hapgood 213 INDEX. 575 PAGE. RICHARDSON. Ann Hutchins Hapgood . . . 259 George Minard 259 James Page 259 Roswell M 259 William Minard 259 ROBBINS. Charles Joseph 82 Chauncy Bowman 81 Elbridge 57, 81 George Henry 82 Hattie 306 Howard Jackson 81 Luther 56 Mary Elizabeth Hapgood ... 81 Rosanna Emogene Hapgood '. . 306 Sarah Frances 81 Sidney 306 Webster Gushing 82 ROBERTS. Alice . 311 ROBINSON. Charles 59, 90, 91 Charles Ellis 91 Edward Hollis 91 Elizabeth Hapgood 213 Eva Stella Hapgood 287 George 91 Guy Hapgood 287 Henry Winchester 213 Joseph Winchester 213 Lizzie Maria 91 Mabel Louise 91 Maria Louise 213 Minerva Jane 239, 310 Perciveranda Hapgood .... 91 Sumner B 287 ROCKWELL. Margaret Emma 329 ROE. Abbe Jane 226 Ai 225 Caroline Augusta Hapgood . . 225 Charles E 226 Frances Emma 226 ROGERS. James Mary 250 20 ROPER. Abigail 208 John 208 PAGE, Ross. Susan Wright 224, 294 ROUILLARD. Sarah Ann 53 ROUNDS. Mary Cordelia 301 ROWE. Addie L 234 RUGG. Abraham 3$ RUSSELL. Abigail 188,214 James Frank 308 William 52 SABIN. Ellen Elizabeth 219 Henry Nathaniel 219 Jedadiah 219 Louise H. Hapgood 219 SAN FORD. Anna Cora 214 Baalis 214 Irene Gertrude 214 Lucy Cotton Hapgood .... 214 Mabel Louisa 214 SANDERSON. Mary Jael 100, 143 SALMON. Joanna 64, 99 SARGENT. Rebecca 51 Hannah W 59 Mary A 61 bAVAGE. Salome SAUNDERS. Grace A. 93, 135 312 SAWYER. Charles Frederick 220 Edward 321 George Hapgood 268 Hannah 183 Harriet Ellen Hapgood .... 268 James Madison 268 Joseph 32 576 INDEX. PAGE. SAWYER. Concluded. Kittle Clark 268 Lottie Maria Hapgood .... 821 Madison Paul 268 Mary Hapgood 95 Relief 50 Samuel 95 SAWIN. Betsey 62, 95 SCHRYBER. George S 338 SCHRAMLING. Bertha 315 Ethel Laura Hapgood .... 314 Hazel Adelle 314 Leland 314 SCHAFFER. Ann Estelle 313 Claude Harrison 313 George William 313 Grace Adeline 313 Jessie Louise 313 Mary Adeline Hapgood . . . 313 Timothy Addison 313 Violet Ella 313 SCOFIELD. Eugene 251 SCHOULER. Fannie Warren 202 SCHUMACHER. Rosa Lucy 141 SCOTT. Dorcas Whitcomb Hapgood . . 212 Israel Frederick 212 Israel Storrs 212 Mary Helen 212 Rufus 212 SCRIPTURE. Hannah 221, 289 SHACKELL. John C 225 SHAW. Charles W 261 Samuel 212 SHELDON. Salmon 184 PAGE. SHERWIN. Orlando W 194 SHIELDS. Mary E 336 SHIRLEY. William 36 SHORE. Elizabeth 343 SlBLEY. Freeland Converse 218 George Washington 218 SILSBY. Harriet 202, 261 SIMONS. Helen M. SKINNER. Mary .... SLOCUMB. Sylvia .... SLY. Mary Elizabeth 233 106 176 84 SMITH. Almond 255 Arline Hapgood 255 Betsey 193 Byron 104 Caroline Louisa 305 Charles W 305 Clara 104 Delia 136 Elizabeth 104 Elizabeth Porter 96 Elsie 246 Elizabeth M 298, 328 Fannie Hapgood 305 George A 95 Hattie Amelia 227 Isabella Jane 309 Jefferson 104 Lucy 185, 205 Mary E 43 Mary Morgan 303, 333 Millard 104 PhebeAnn 63 Rheuanna 195, 243 Sarah 176 Sarah Hapgood 104 Sarah Louisa Hapgood .... 255 INDEX. 577 PAGE. SMITH. Concluded. Thaddeus 213 William Eldorado 318 William Wallace 21 s SNOW. Benjamin B 193 Mary 250 Nicholas 250 Sarah 173 SODEN. Albert 337 SPAULDING. Marcus A 239 Mary 300 SPEAR. R. L 21.1 SPENCER. Eliza A 194 Leslie 105 S PERRY. Albert Hapgood 197 Charles Artemas 197 Direxa Hapgood 197 Harriet Augusta 197 Joseph K 197 SPRAGUE. Julia Ann 213 SPRING. Ella Maria Hapgood 115 Fred Austin 116 Warren Hapgood 116 SQUIERS. Annie Isabel 289, 323 STACY. William 272 STANARD. Helen 98 Lydia 214 Mary Elizabeth GO STEELE. Hannah L 46 Viola 280 STEVENS. Dorothy 172 Lois 179, 186 PAGE. STEWART. Gustavus 93 Nancy Longley Hapgood ... 93 STIMPSON. Helen Maud Hapgood . . . . \;}:, Wallace i;>5 STITT. Seth Bunker 198 STOCKWELL. Ann Maria 85, 87 Cyrus Hapgood .... 85, 360 Eben Smith 5 George Baldwin 85 Ira 85, 87 Maria Hapgood 85 STOKELL. Margaret Anna 69 STONE. Aaron 252 Abigail 175, 186 Anna 35 Charles Everest 253 Charlotte Jeanette Hapgood . . 277 David Henry 158 Earl James 158 Ella Maud Hapgood 158 Emma Rose Hapgood .... 158 Everett Nicholas 158 Flora Eliza 158 Florence 158 Florence Gertrude 327 Gregory 20 Hannah 172 Harold David 158 James Moore 158 John -2Q Kate May -25:} Lucy Hapgood 253 Margaret l~2 Nellie Sophia 252 Oliver 36 Samuel Virgil -_'7T Sarah 36 Walter Samuel 277 William Horace 2.")3 STOW. Almira Elizabeth .... 236, 303 STOWE. Rebecca 59, 86 Solomon 170 578 INDEX. PAGE. STRATTON. Henry L 301 STRONG. Clayton E. . . , 336 SULLIVAN. Frank 250 John J 336 SUMNER. Annella Julia Hapgood . . . .311 Edwin Hapgood 311 Evelyn Josephine 311 Henry Dwight 311 lone Carrie 311 Mabel Alice 311 Myra Orsina 311 TABOUR. Eliza Ellen . . 130 TARBELL. Abigail 75 Annie C 189 Charles 134 Florence T. Hapgood 134 TARMENT. Elizabeth 287 TAYLER. Adaline Adams Hapgood . . . 336 Adaline Hapgood 336 Benjamin J 336 Charlotte J 336 Emily L 336 Florence 336 George Hapgood 336 Gertrude 336 Helen A 336 Lucy B 336 Maria L: 336 Matthew Banning 336 Olivia S 336 TAYLOR. Abbie Maria 218 Abigail 170 Abigail Russell Hapgood . . .215 Addie Frances 218 Alice . 105 Alzina . . 196 Beulah 171 Charles Henry 215, 360 David 166, 169 Dimis Hapgood 104 PAGE. TAYLOR. Concluded. Dinah , , 171 Eleazer 168, 169 Elizabeth 170 Elizabeth Hapgood 170 Eunice 171 George William 217 Guy 104 Hannah 169 Hepzibah 171 Herbert 104 Huldah 169 Jeanette 104 Joel C 104 John 199 John Ingalls 215, 218 Jonah 170 Judith 169 fudith Hapgood 168 Lois 171 Martha 60 Mary 170 Mary Elizabeth 215 Mercy 171 Micah 169 Moses 60 Nathan 169 Nathaniel Hapgood 218 Rufus ........ 170 Silas 60 Sophia 65 Sophia Hapgood 60 Submit 169 William 170 Zillah 169, 171 TEMPLE. Betsey 187, 210 Mary 87 THALIUE. Emma . 322 THOMPSON. Hattie 152 William S 314 THRALL. Emma 250 THURBER. Albert E. 91 Emily Hapgood 91 Minnie E 92 Rubie Evelyn 92 INDEX. 579 PAGE. THURSTON. Edward H 234 TISDALE. George 64 TOWNE. Isaac 64 Lucy Hapgood 64 TOWN LEY. Mary 44 TOWNSEND. Bowles Colgate 84 Thomas Boyd 135 TREADWAY. Elizabeth 20,23,26 Nathaniel 20,25,26 Sufferance Howe 20 TROWBRIDGE. Caroline Augusta 232 TRUE. Annie Genevieve 248 TRUMBULL. Jeduthan 63 TUFTS. Hannah 57 TURNER. Frederick 187 Sarah 275 TUTTLE. Adaline 201 Betsey Hapgood 61 Caroline Matilda 202 Daniel 201 Daniel Atwater 201 Frances Adaline 201 George Washington 56 Horace 56 Lucy 43,64 Lucretia Hapgood 201 Lyman Hapgood 202 Molly 43, 58 Quartus Morgan 201 Simon 61 Susan 61 PAGE. 162 TWITCHELL. Elizabeth Holbrook 24 UPHAM. Henry P UPTON. Ann Eliza 204 Jemima 220 Joseph Warren 204 Lena Hapgood 204 Mary Elizabeth 204 Susan Elizabeth Hapgood . . 204 VANCE. Alice 136 Ethel 136 Frank 136 Hattie Hapgood 136 VAN GORDER. Albert H 337 Ella 337 Emerson 337 George 336 Matthew 337 Robert S 337 Sarah H. Hapgood 336 VAN WAGENER. Almira 197 WALCOTT. Artemas 189 Charles 54 George 54 Hannah 54 Hannah Hapgood 54 Joshua Huntington 54 Martha 54 Mary 54 Robert 54 WALKER. Flora Isabella 200 Mary J 229 Nettie 141 WARD. Abigail Marion Hapgood . . . 274 Amos Pierce 107 Caroline Celia Hapgood . . . 105 Chester Orson 106 Clara Denny 274 Elizabeth 23, 30 Ella Hapgood 274 Florence Grosvenor 274 Harriet Celia 107 Helen E. Asenath 106 Henry Oren 106 580 INDEX. PAGE. WARD. Concluded. Herbert Howard 107 Linda Sophia 107 Llewellyn Orcutt 107 Oren James 105 Royal Leroy ........ 106 Samuel Denny 274 Silas Lemuel 106 WARE. Clinton Addison 220 Obed 233 Phylander H 233 WARFIELD. Mary 288 WARNER. Amelia P 234 Daniel 233 Ella 234 Harriet Hapgood 233 Louisa C 97 WARREN. Abigail 80 Adela Maria 94 Albert Brown 220 Alonzo B 94 Catharine Hapgood 63 Charlton Hynes 94 Edwin Baker 94 Eldora 94 Eliza Fuller 63 Emma J 189 Harriet 63 Harriet N. Angeline . . . 218, 288 Jane 63 John 164 Jonathan 24 Joshua H 94 Mary Ann Condy .... 221, 290 Melinda Hapgood 94 Samuel 346 Silas 63 William Byron 94 WATERS. Henry F 18, 347, 349, 352 Horace 59 PAGE- WAYLAND Fanny 200 Heman L 199 Lincoln 200 WEBSTER Howell Negus 269 Harriet Matilda Bowker . . . 304 WEEKS. Alice Eliza Hapgood 321 Lewis Arlington 321 WELCH. Abigail 64, 102 WELLMAN. Chellis 244 WELLS. Emeline Adelia 195 Eveline Cornelia 195 James 195 Jane Hapgood 195 Laura 151, 158 Lewis Berry 195, 359 Mary Ann 271 Morrice Berry 195, 360 WELSH. Mary E 233 WENTWORTH. Abbie 66 Arabella 66 Sarah Hapgood 66 Warren 66 William Pitt 202 Woodbury 66 WESSON. William . . 191 WATKINS. Charles 272 WESTCOTT. Adah Dexter .... 265 Caroline Porter Hapgood . . . 265 Charles Hapgood 265 Dexter Silsby 265 Ida Hapgood 151 Lawrence 151 Margaret 265 Nathaniel 265 Oren 265 WESTON. Laura M. 194, 241 INDEX. 581 PAGE. Wl 1 HERBEE. Daniel 57, 60 Edward 51 1, do Elizabeth 31, 3s, 3'.i Harriet 57, 60 Mary Sally 214, 283 Sophia 60 Susan 77, 110 Susannah .~>7, i>4 Susannah Hapgood ~>'.i WEYMOUTH. William . . <>3 WHEELER. Abbie Victoria Hapgood .... 83 Alvin 304 Azulah Idd Columbia 103, 147 Cyrus lf,c, Darius Kiii Demaris Hid Eleanor 86 Emetine Louisa Hapgood . . . 304 Ephraim 42 Ethel Gertrude 84 G. T 225 Hattie B 225 Hepsebeth 41 Hcpsebeth Hapgood 42 Hepzibah 167 Hezediah 166, 169 Hiram Edwin 83 Holland 201 Joanna 172 John Id.l, Idd Jonathan 166 Josiah 166 Lydia 166 Lyman Alvin 305 Martha 166 Mary 25, 167 Mary Green 234 Nelson L L'34 WHITCOMH. Albert 212 Anna Maria 212 Asa 40 Catharine Davies Hapgood . .212 Cora Mabel 289 Dorcas 43, 61 John 32 John H 377 John Marshall 212 Jonathan 233 Mark 212 Peter S 538 William .212 WHITE. Abraham 57 Abram 60 Charlotte 57, 58 Charlotte Hapgood 57 Daniel 58, 221 Edwin 58 Henry 228 James Addison "'> John 26,57,58 Luther 56 Mary 58 Mary Sophia 58 Nabby Hapgood 58 Winthrop Faulkner . . . . 57, 60 WHITMAN. Ann . 187, 211 WHITMORE. Lucy . . 250 WHITNEY. Abigail Hapgood 190 Amos 25 Anne 24 Charles William 22'.i Daniel 24, 25 Elhanan Winchester . . . . 289 Eli 40 Elinor 34, 127 Elizabeth 23, 57 582 INDEX. PAGE. WHITNEY. Concluded. Emory 40 Fred 300 Hannah 40, 51 Isaac 25 Jacob 40 James 24 John '23,34,35,127 Jonathan 24 Josiah 44 Josiah Hapgood 209 Lois 40 Lois Hapgood 40 Louise Lavina 229 Lucy 190 Luke 73 Lydia Hapgood 70, 73 Mary 23,127 Mary Hapgood 23 Mercy 40 Nancy 40 Qtis 52 Persis Hapgood 229 Polly 77 Sarah 24, 31, 33, 34, 127 Sarah Hapgood 24 Shadrack 24 Tabitha 24 Timothy 25 Thomas 190 W. W 229 William Hapgood 190 Zaccheus 25 WRITTEN. Harriet Amanda .... 85, 128 WHITTIER. Charles Edgar 146 Ella Mary Hapgood 146 Mildred Hapgood 146 WIGHT. James 62 WILCOX. Florence Beulah 248 Marietta 282 Roxana 336 WILDER. Asa 183 Ephraim 29 John 183 Lyman 183 Mary 75 PAGE. WILDER Concluded. Nahum jg3 Prudence 133 S. Wilson 219 Sophia Hapgood 183 WILEY. Jerusha L 260 WlLKINS. Lillian Viola 296 WILKINSON. Edna 325 WlLLARD. Elizabeth 39 Elizabeth Hapgood 39 Fanny 62, 92 Irene 99 Jonathan 23 Joseph 39 Leiona Green 99 Levi 39 Mary 172 Mercy 39 Oliver 39 Simon 27, 35 Shadrach 39 Thomas 36 WILLIAMS. Alice Amelia 280, 322 Caroline Frances 202 Frances Mary Hapgood . . . 202 George Lemuel 246 Harriet Henry 202 Henry 188, 189 Ida 246 James Henry 202 Jane Hapgood 246 John Harris 202 Kate Amelia 203 Mary Grace 203 Mary Jane 322 Sarah Hubbard 202 Susan C 193 William 202 William F 246 WILLIS. Abby Howard 86 Dorcas 188,220 WlLLOUGHBY. James H 97 INDEX. 583 WlLLOWBY. Ephraim . . WlLLSON. Lucy Amelia PAGE. . 28 202 WILSON. Emma 337 James 46 John A 207 Lucy Hapgood 46 Lydia Seaver 200, 259 Roxana 81 Samuel 29 WINTER. Annie 97,138 WlTHERBEE. Caleb 172 David 173 Ephraim 173 Huldah 173 Huldah Hapgood ... .172 John 173 Joseph 173 Nathan 173 Shadrach 173 Thomas 173 Zaccheus . . 173 WITT. Mary WOLCOTT. Ruth 223 34 WOOD. Arthur 288 Britta M. Hapgood 141 Clifford Leander 288 Daniel 148 Edwin D 226 Eliphalet 36 Ella Ante r da Hapgood .... 288 James 141 Lewis 56 Sarah Hapgood 43 Timothy 43 WOODMAN. Phenia E. 313 WOODS. Alpheus 168 David 85 Ella Eliza 198 PAGE. WOODS. Concluded. Fidelia Hapgood 198 John Field 198 Lucy 180, 190 WOODSUM. Josephine 281 WOODWARD. Maria Elizabeth .... 222, 291 Mary Louisa 284 WOODWORTH. Eben . 195 WORCESTER. Edward Franklin WORMWOOD. Martha A. ... WORTHINGTON. Eliphalet B. . . 295 59 310 WRIGHT. Anthony 43 Hapgood . . , 43 Henry 43 J. B 218 Jonas .... 43 Mary Hapgood 43 Mary Merriam 55 WYMAN. Ross . 171 YOUNG. Clara Eva 143 Colin Herman 143 Cristy Pearl 143 Edward John 143 Fred Ray 143 Josie Maud 143 Martha Jane Hapgood .... 143 Mary Lemine 100, 145 Melvin 143 Nellie Maria 143 YURAN. Solomon S. . 239 ZEIGLER. Ellen Jane 272 Mary E 271 ZIMMERMAN. Julia Maria , 313 INDEX OF TOWNS. IMPORTANT PLACES AND RESIDENCES MENTIONED IN THIS GENEALOGY. PAGE. Acton, Canada 277 Acton, Mass. 42, 55, 56, 59, 60, 64, 81 82, 84, 86, 87, 131, 287 Adrian, Mich 808 Albany, Me. ... 140, 143, 145, 292 Albany, N. Y 261,282 Albion, N. Y 249 Allegheny City, Pa 83 Allston, Mass 227, 284 Almond, N. Y 247 Alstead, N. H 211 Althuna, Canada 201 Alton, 111 206, 317 Amherst, Mass 212 Amherst, N. H. . . . , 320 Amherst, N. S 270 Amity, Pa 245 Andover, Eng. ... 18, 19, 342, 347 Apulia, N. Y 267, 268, 269 Arcola, Kan 272 Arkansas City, Kan 105 Ascott, Canada 243 Ashburnham, Mass. 79, 112, 154, 211 Ashby, Mass. . . 51, 87, 191, 237, 305 Ashtabula, Ohio 337, 339 Asheville, N. C 528 Ashville, N. Y 195 Assabet, Mass 21 Athens, N. Y 198 Athol, Mass. . 86, 174, 176, 184, 221 252, 254, 255, 316 Attica, N. Y 196 Auduboh, la 308 Augusta, Me - . 96, 218 Austin, 111 308 Ayer, Mass. . . 72,79,111,155,377 Bainbridge, N. Y 184 Baltimore, Md 54, 208, 210 Bangor, N. Y 107, 150, 326 Bankston, la 323 Bare Hill, Harvard, Mass. . . 71, 73 Barnesville, Ohio 308 Barre, Mass. . . . 175, 196, 253, 254 Barre Plains, Mass 292 Batavia, N. Y 250 Bath, Eng 344 Bath, Me 261 Battle Creek, Mich 246 PAGE. Beckwith, Cal 132 Bedford, Mass 204 Belchertown, N. Y L>.~,4 Belleville, Canada 267 Belleville, N. Y 269 Bellows Falls, Vt. . 200, 240, 260, 261 306 Bells Corners, Canada 153 Belmont, Mass 218, 287 Bennington, Vt 262 Berlin, Germany 250 Berlin, Mass. 169, 214, 289, 293, 296 324, 327 Berlin, Wis 132 Bethel, Me 99, 139, 146 Big Sandy, Ore 272 Bigo, Canada 246 Bliss, Idaho 233 Bloomfield, Vt 143 Blue Rapids, Kan 313 Blue Ridge, N. J 329 Bolton, Mass. . 178, 191, 224, 286, 325 Bolton, Vt 243 Boonville, N. Y. ' 267 Boston, Mass. 18, 19, 54, 69, 72, 78 93, 96, 99, 121, 136, 156, 187, 202 207, 215, 227, 253, 257, 270, 283 302, 303, 325, 332 Boxboro, Mass. 21, 60, 68, 73, 237, 305 Boxstead, Eng 20 Boylston, Mass. . . 207, 224, 228, 331 Braceville, Ohio 340 Brandon, N. Y 149 Brandon, Vt 158 Brant Rock, Mass 287 Brasher Falls, N. Y 98 Brattleboro', Vt. . .90,91,219,283 Brechin, Scotland 154 Bridgewater, So. Dak 300 Bridgton, Me 63, 137 Bridport, Vt 196, 197 Brighton, N. Y 225 Brighton, Mass 157,212 Bristol, Eng 343 Brockton, Mass 89,213 Brocton, N. Y 316 Brookfield, Mass 22,26,165 Brookline, Mass 274, 320 Brooklyn, N. Y. ... 252, 268, 329 584 INDEX OF TOWNS. 585 PAGE. Broughton, Canada 142 Brownfield, Me 189 Brush Creek, la :!-'4 Buffalo, N. Y 251,313 Burlington, 111 271,318,319 Burrillville, R. 1 245 Butler, N. Y 269 Byron, 111 300 Calais, Me 135, 269 Calais, Vt 310 Cambridge, Mass. 20, 99, 109, 127, 131 143, 146, 218, 235 Cambridge, Vt 248 Cambridge, N. Y 195 Cambridgeport, Mass. . . . 131,144 Camden, Me 96 Camden, N. J 199 Caneadea, N. Y 311 Canterbury, Conn. " 335 Carbon, Wyo 342 Cares Grandes, Mex 107 Carroll, N. Y 251 Cascumpeque, P. E. 1 346 Catskill, N. Y 185 Cavendish, Vt. . . 85, 128, 193, 199 Cazenovia, N. Y 203, 266 Cedar Falls, la 245 Cedarville, Cal 248 Centerville, N. Y 245 Central City, Colo 321 Champaign, 111 279 Charlestown, Mass. 20, 78, 93, 193,215 261, 302 Charlton, Mass 280 Charlotte, N. C 22.1 Chasm Falls, N. Y 151 Chateaugay, N. Y 326 Chatham, Mass 467 Chelmsford, Mass 21,96 Chelsea, Mass 47, 222 Chemung, 111 225 Cherubusco, N. Y 104 Chester. Mass 282 Chesterfield, N. H. . 85, 87, 202, 261 Chicago, 111. 66, 129, 198, 200, 213, 271 318, 340 Chicopee, Mass 150 Churchville, N. Y 311 Claremont, N. H 241,307 Clay Centre, Kan 343, 345 Cleveland, O. . . . 185, 263, 336, 338 Clinton, Mass 76, 228, 232 Clinton, la 312 Clymer, Pa 314 PAGE. Columbia, Me 88 Columbia, N. H 140 Columbus, 141,200,278 Columbus, Pa 314 Como, 111 238, 307, 308 Concord, Mass. 21, 25, 27, 53, 55, 57 80, 83, 86, 131, 160, 180, 223 Concord, N. H 52, 58 Constable, N. Y. 66, 104, 107, 108, 149 Conway, N. H 94,98 Cornwall, Vt 97 Cortland, N. Y 197 Crown Point, N. Y 197 Croydon, N. H 230 Cumberland Hill, R. 1 221 Daken, Neb 342 Danbury, Conn 82 Danbury, N. H 284 Danby, Vt 229 Davenport, la. . .' 323 Dayton, Wis 319 Dedham, Mass. 76, 187, 211, 282, 285 Deerfield, Mass 199 Denison, la 238, 307, 309 Denison, Tex 344 Denmark, Me 62, 94, 95, 137 Denver, Colo. . . . 272, 309, 312, 313 Des Moines, la 308 Detroit Lake, Minn 233 Devonshire, Eng 196 Dorchester, Mass. ... 69, 130, 330 Dorchester, N. H 132 Dorset, Vt 330 Dracut, Mass .58 Dresden, Me 93 Duane, N. Y 116 Dublin, Ireland 248 Dublin, N. H 533 Dubuque, la 194, 221 Dunnerville, Can 313 Durango, Colo 98, 263 East Bridgewater, Mass 211 East Brookfield, Mass. .... 281 East Douglass, Mass 322 East Fryeburg, Me 94, 137 East Haddam, Conn 249 East Hamburg, Mass 225 East Stratford, N. H 139 East Wallingford, Vt 51 Eastford, Conn 321 Easton, Pa 329 Effingham, N. H 210 586 INDEX OF TOWNS. PAGE. Elgin, 111 229 Elizabethtown, N. Y 252 Ellenburgh Centre, N. Y 107 Ellery, N. Y 251, 315 Elmira, N. Y 84 Elmwood, Mass 212 Epworth, la 328 Erie, 111 308 Erie, Pa 196, 315 Essex, Vt 195, 243 Essex Junction, Vt 248 Everett, Mass 131, 157 Exeter, N. H 259 Fabins, N. Y 269 Fairfax, Vt 195, 248 Fairfield, N. Y 268 Fairfield.Vt 251 Fall River, Mass. . . . 225, 262, 264 Farley, la 289, 323 Farmington, Conn. 257 Fay, N. Y. . . .' 150 Felchville, Vt 231 Fentonville, N. Y 316 Fitchburg, Mass. 40, 88, 119, 220, 321 331, 409 Fitzwilliam, N. H 95 Foristell, Mo 141 Forreston, 111 239 Fort Covington, N. Y 152 Fort Scott, Kan 312, 314 Fort Smith, Kan 106 Foster, R. 1 301 Foxboro, Mass 287 Foxburg, Pa 314 Fluvanna, N. Y 315 Framingham, Mass 176, 222 Franklin, N. Y 246 French Creek, N. Y 314 Fryeburg, Me 61, 63, 93, 139 Gainsville, Fla 221 Galion, 247 Galveston, Tex 82, 83 Genda Springs, Kan 105 Geneva, N. Y 317 Gerry, N. Y 251, 313 Georgetown, Me 134 Georgia, Vt 149 Gibsonville, Cal 132 Gilead, Me 100, 139 Gill, Mass. . . , . 219 Glasgow, Scotland 304 Gloucester, Mass 72, 138 Gold Hill, Nev 248 PAGE. Gorham, Me 147 Gorham, N. H 98, 147 Goshen, Conn 325 Goshen, N. Y 329 Grafton, Mass 170, 234 Grafton, Vt 230 Granby, Mass 249 Granby, Vt 142 Grand Rapids, Mich 134 Gravesend, Eng 19 Gray, Mass 145 Greeley, Colo 98 Greensboro', Vt 68 Grand Meadow, la 324 Groton, Mass 21, 24 Groveton, N. H 142 Guildhall, Vt 142 Guilford, Vt 184 Guilford, N. Y 268 Hague, N. Y 105 Halifax, Vt 229 Hallowell, Me 69, 209 Hampton, N. H 330 Hanover, Mass .286,290 Harmony, N. Y 314 Harrison, Me 149 Hartford, Conn. . . 70, 241, 328, 332 Hartford, Vt 311 Hartland, Vt 238 Hartwick Seminary, N. Y. . . . 308 Harvard, Mass. 21, 32, 36, 45, 54, 67 76, 109, 116, 119, 153, 155, 169, 235 283, 399 Haverhill, Mass. . 144, 215, 285, 326 Healdsburg, Cal 85 Hebron, N. H 146 Hiawatha, Kan 341 Hicks Mills, 111 271 Hickory Corners, Mich 246 Hinsburg, Vt 107 Hingham, Mass 283 Hinsdale, Penn 225 Hinsdale, Vt 185 Hiram, Mass 103 Hoboken, N. J 301 Holden, Mass 168, 276 Holderness, N. H 141 Hollis, N. H 85, 129 Holliston, Mass. . . . 57,221,284 Holyoke, Mass 150 Hopkinton, Mass 144, 284 Hubbardston, Mass. . .183,198,299 Hudson, Mass. 130, 224, 226, 285, 288 294, 325 INDEX OF TOWNS. 587 PAGE. Hudson, Mich 91,92 Hudson, N. H 326 Humansville, Mo 271, 319 Humboldt, Kan 340 Hume, N. Y 312 Independence, Kan 81 Indianapolis, Ind. . . . 44,271,272 Ithaca, N. Y 298 Jamaica Plain, Mass 78 Jamestown, N. Y 251, 312 Jay Bridge, Me 72 Jefferson, N. H 14:; Jericho, Vt 195, 243, 247 Jersey City, N. J 250 Jolicum, N. B 270 Kalamazoo, Mich 204 Kansas City, Mo. . 135, 150, 286, 341 411 Keene, N. H 41 Kenwood, N. Y 196 Laconia, N. H 128 Lakeside, Wash 245 Lamar, Mo 245 Lamotte, la 289, 323 Lancaster, Mass. 21, 28, 29, 32, 35, 52 75, 156, 166, 289 Lancaster, N. H 142 Lawrence, Mass 147 Lawrence, N. Y 106 Leavenworth, Kan 240, 270 Lebanon, N. H 310 Lebanon, 111 346 Leeds, Eng :_'L'7 Leicester, Mass -2'2l Lemington, Vt 142 Leominster, Mass. 70, 79, 115, 214, 299 Lewiston, Me 146 Leyden, Mass 184, 219 Lexington, Mass 80, 154 Limestone, N. Y. ....... 313 Limington, Me 147 Lincoln, Mass 186 Lindsborg, Kan 342, 345 Lisbon, Me 146 Littleton, Mass. 64, 168, 233, 235, 537 Littleton, N. H 269 Livermore, Me 74 Lockport, 111 342 London, Eng. . 18, 270, 342, 347, ::.JL' Londonderry, N. H 132 Long Bar, Cal 318 Longmeadow, Mass 282 PAGB. Los Angeles, Cal 136, 425 Lowell, Mass. . 58, 59, 80, 83, 94, 127 150, 253 Lubec, Me 130 Lunenburg, Mass 21,24 Lunenburg, Vt 259 Luton Beds, Eng 287 Lynn, Mass 130, 325 McPherson, Kan McGrawville, N. Y 266, Machias, Me Madison, Ind Maiden, Mass Malone, N. Y. . 65, 104, 105, 149, Malta, 111 Manchester, Vt Mango, Fla Manhasset, N. Y Manleus, N. Y Manning, la Marion, Ohio Marksbury, Eng 342, Marlboro', Mass. 19, 21, 23, 31, 160, 161, 162, 163, 167, 173, 179, 186, 188, 190, 214, 223, 288, 292, 326, Marysville, Cal 318, Mason, N. H Masonville, la Maynard, Mass. . . 231,236,296, Maysville, N. Y Medfield, Mass 176, Medway, Mass Melrose, Mass Mendon, Mass 221, Mexico, Mex Mexico, N. Y Michigan City, Mich Middlefield, Mass Middletown, Conn Milford, Mass Milford, Cal Milton, Vt Milton Mills, N. H Minneapolis, Minn 302, Mohawk, Cal Moira, N. Y 65, Monona, la ... Montague, Mass Monterey, Cal 435, Montreal, Can 234, Morrisania, N. Y Morrison, 111 106 268 227 272 82 150 158 206 230 233 290 245 308 141 343 114 177 226 327 337 306 231 304 195 207 222 364 261 83 267 246 286 298 134 248 64 284 444 132 104 220 252 459 304 270 308 588 INDEX OF TOWNS. PAGE. Mottisfont, Eng 18, 19 Moxville, Tenn 272 Munson, Ohio 204 Muskogee, Ind. Ter 245 Nantasket, Mass 283 Naples, Me 108 Napoleon, Mich 246 Nashua, N. H 94, 231, 238 Natick, Mass. . . 141, 215, 234, 303 Ness Centre, Kan 106 New Boston, N. H 81 New Braintree, Mass. 166 New Fane, N. Y 58 Newfane, Vt 91, 167 New Germany, N. S 291 Newhampton, N. H 157 New Haven, Conn 201, 227 New Ipswich, N. H. . . 88,205,221 New Orleans, La. . 83, 193, 284, 286 Newport, Ky 83 Newport, R. 1 198 New Salem, Mass 87 New Sharon, Me 58 Newton, Mass 202, 261 New York City 97, 219, 223, 225, 250 257, 274, 317, 328, 338 Norridgewock, Me 42 North Adams, Mass 185 North Anson, Me. . 93, 133, 134, 135 Northboro', Mass. . 179, 228, 232, 274 North Bridgton, Me 101 North Brookfield, Mass 280 North Cambridge, Mass 72 North Cape, Wis 129 North Conway, Nev. . . . 137, 139 North Danville, Vt 157 Northfield, Mass 220 North Hadley, Mass 212 Northampton, Mass 199 North Hero, Vt 152 North Stoneham, Eng 18, 19 North Troy, Vt 129 North Warren, Pa 251 North Weare, N. H 310 Norway, Me 92,98,101,140 Norway, N. Y 244, 314 Norwich, Conn 278 Norwich, N. Y 269 Oakdale, Mass 235 Oakham, Mass 218, 291 Ogden, Utah 318 Oil City, Pa 270, 313 Clean, N. Y 250, 314 PAGE. Omaha, Neb 136 Orange, Mass 87, 204 Orange, N. J 152. Osceola, Mo 319 Ossian, la 309 Oswego, N. Y 327 Otisfield, Me 62 Ottawa, Can 108 Orange Park, Fla 252 Orland, Me 157 Ovid, N. Y 84 Oxford, Mass 290 Owls Head, N. Y 108 Oyster River, N. H 162 Painesville, 338 Panama, N. Y 316 Parkville, Conn 321 Pasadena, Cal 292, 308, 419 Paterson, N. J 250 Paxton, Mass. . .168,188,221,290 Pawtucket, R. 1 276 Pembroke, Mass 79 Penton, Eng 18 Peoria, 111 69, 85 Peru, Vt. ... 229, 231, 298, 328 Peterboro', N. H 307 Petersham, Mass. 168, 183, 185, 196 199, 203, 253, 258, 259, 265, 317 Philadelphia, Pa 103, 198 Phillipston, Mass 291 Pittsburg, Pa 83, 337 Plattsburg, N. Y 153 Plymouth, Vt 231, 240 Pomfret, Conn 274 Pomposetticutt, Mass 21, 23 Poplar Grove, 111 224 Portland, Kan 107 Portland, Me. 88, 92, 98, 101, 103, 147 149,231,259 Portland, Ore 337, 437 Portsmouth, N. H 69, 147 Portsmouth, 263 Portville, la 309 Powhatten, Kan 313 Princeton, Mass. 178, 193, 208, 236 Providence, R. I. 89, 263, 265, 297, 322 327, 331 Pueblo, Colo 412 Putney, Vt 63,97,219 Quaboag, Mass 22 Randolph, N. Y 312 Raymond, Me 04, 102 INDEX OF TOWNS. 589 PAGE. Raymond, S. D 247 Raymond, Cal 426 Reading, Mass 150, 252 Reading, Vt. 182, 192, 193, 280, 237 2:10, .-urn, :;os Red Bluff, Cal 301 Red Bluff, Colo 270 Reno, Nev I.-J2 Richland Centre, Wis 244 Rindge, N. H -. . . 281 Ripley, N. Y 195 River Hebert, N. S 270 Riverside, Cal 420 Riverton, N. H 143 Rochester, N. Y 54, :>4<> Rock Bottom, Mass 227, 284 Rock Falls, 111 307,308 Rock Falls, Ok 106 Rockford, 111 105, 246 Rock Hill, Conn 183 Rockingham, Vt 84 Roslindale, Mass 215 Roxbury, Mass 117,263 Royalston, Mass 184 Royalton, Vt 192 Rushford, N. Y. ... 195, 244, 249 Rutland, Mass 168, 179, 222 Rutland, Vt. . . . 202, 260, 262, 378 Saccarappa, Me 94 Saco, Me 96, 281 Sacramento, Cal 138, 318 Salem, Oregon 437 Salem, N. H 326 Salt Lake City, Utah 341 San Diego, Cal 197,422 San Fernando, Cal 136 San Francisco, Cal 431 Santa Barbara, Cal 425 Santa Fe, New Mex 414 Saxton's River, Vt 260 Seattle, Wash 290, 324, 439 Sebec, Me 285 Sharon, Pa 340 Sheldon, Vt 205, 271 Shelton, Neb 82 Sherborn, Mass 24 Sherbrooke, Can 142 Sherburne, N. H 100, 144 Shirley, Mass. 21, 40, 69, 73, 110, 210 Shorey, Kan 206 Shrewsbury, Mass. 161, 165, 169, 170 173, 181, 184, 208, 273, 280, 320 Shrewsbury, Vt 255 Shutesbury, Mass L>r>:', Sicard Flat, Cal :!19 PAGE. Sing Sing, N. Y 297, 327 Skowhegan, Me 1:54 Smartsville, Cal ;{18 Somerville, Mass. 54, 72, 85, 88, 278 286", 299 South Acton, Mass 90, 304 Southampton, Eng 18 Southborough, Mass. . 172, 236, 303 South Columbia, N. H 141 South Dedham, Mass 103 South Framingham, Mass. . . . 232 South Gardner, Mass 321 South Hadley, Mass 331 South Hanson, Mass 89 South Lancaster, Mass 536 South Newbury, N. H 268 South Reading,Mass 325 South Royalton, Vt 284 South Waterford, Me. ... 61, 148 South Weymouth, Mass 212 Sowerby, Eng 75 Sparta, Wis 250 Spencer, Mass. 207, 218, 281, 292, 331 Spokane, Wash 441 Sprague, Wash 272 Springfield, Mass. ... 44, 149, 282 Springfield, Mo 272 Springfield, Vt 193, 194 Springville, Ky 141 St. Albans, Vt 189 St. John, N. B 148, 345 St. Johnsbury, Vt 306 St. Louis, Mo. . . 309, 317, 336, 346 St. Paul, Minn 162, 444 Stamford, Conn 91 Stanhope, N. J 300 Star, N. Y 107 Statesville, N. C 527 Steep Falls, Me 147 Sterling, 111 307, 309 Sterling, Mass 234 Stewartstown, N. H 79 Stockholm, Sweden 322 Stoneham, Me 101, 139 Stoughton, Mass 114 Stow, Mass. 21, 23, 27, 33, 34, 35, 41,51 :>_', .->:!, 54, 61, 74, 189, 212, 233, 2 89 Stowe, N. Y 195 Stowe, Vt 239 Stow Leg, Mass 21, 38, 74 Stratford, N. H 140, 141, 157 Sudbury, Mass. 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 95 161,208,226,232 Sullivan, N. H 53 Sutton, Mass 277 590 INDEX OF TOWNS. PAGE. Swansea, South Wales, Eng. 342, 344 Swanton, Vt 205 Swanzey, N. H 79 Sweden, Me 100, 143, 147 Syracuse, N. Y 197, 267 Tacoma, Wash 108, 440 Tama, la 290, 324 Tamworth, N. H 188 Tangley, Eng 18, 19 Taunton, Mass 82 Tehame, Cal 301 Temple, N. H. 237 Templeton, Mass. 33, 53, 78, 79, 222 Terre Haute, 111 339, 341 Terre Haute, Ind 84 Texas, Pa 313 Thompson, Conn 221 Tiffin, Ohio 245 Timbuctoo, Cal 318 Tivoli, la . . 289 Topeka, Kan 279 Townsend, Mass. ... 79, 134, 306 Troy, N. Y 239, 295 Truckee, Cal 133 Tucson, Ari 54 Tulare, Cal :!44 Tunbridge, Vt 227, 239 Twin Bluffs, Wis 243 Underhill, Vt 195, 243 Upton, Mass 220 Uxbridge, Mass 221, 322 Vergennes, Vt. .... 65 Victoria, B. C 439 Vinal Haven, Me 82 Vinita, Ind. Ter 273 Vista, Mo 272 Waitsford, Vt 244 Waltham, Mass 52, 89, 100 Warren, Ohio .... 335, 338, 340 Warren, Pa 315 Warwick, Mass 86 Wash, Cal 133 Waterford, Me. 41, 64, 92, 95, 98, 102 133, 147, 148 Waterford, Conn 157 Waterford, Vt 204, 269 Watertown, Mass. . . 20, 23, 25, 127 161, 171, 277 Weare, N. H 310 Weathersfield, Vt. 189, 193, 231, 240 PAGE. Webster, Mass 32! Weephill, Eng 349 Wellesley, Mass 144 Wellfleet, Mass 189, 213 Wellington, Kan 308 Wells River, Vt 141, 259 West Acton, Mass 59, 129 West Bangor, N. Y 98, 149 West Boylston, Mass. . 200, 222, 232 West Bridgton, Me 95 West Glendale, Cal 136 West Groton, Mass 104 West Rindge, Mass 57 West Rutland, Mass 291 West Townsend, Mass 305 Westboro', Mass. . 170, 194, 288, 293 Westbrook, Me 292 Westford, Mass 90 Westford, Vt 195 Westminster, Mass 78 Westminster, Vt 201, 260 Westmoreland, N. H 230 Westville, N. Y 104 Wetmore, Kan 313 Weyhill, Eng 18, 342 Whately, Mass 220 Wheatland, Mo 272 Whippleville, N. Y 107 Whitefield, Me 130 Whitehall, N. Y 196, 251 Whitinsville, Mass 322 Wichita, Kan 106 Wilbraham, Mass 153 Wilkes Barre, Pa 310 Williamsport, Pa 298 Williston, Vt 278 Willoughby, Ohio 337 Wilmot, Wis 244 Wilton, Me 302 Winchendon, Mass. 40, 211, 281, 307 Windham, Me 147 Windsor, Vt. : . . . . 191, 238, 244 Windsor Locks, Conn 183 Woburn, Mass 162 Worcester, Mass. 30, 111, 176, 207, 235 256, 258, 276, 279, 281, 292, 321 Woodstock, Vt 194, 309, 310 Woodville, Mass 233 Yakima, Wash 108 Yates, N. Y 247 Yellowstone, Wyo 442 Yorkshire, Eng 346 Yosemite, Cal 535 Youngstown, Ohio 336 A 000607156 7