Drma 
 al 
 
 7
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 & 
 
 r
 
 THE 
 
 Third VOLUME 
 
 LETTERS 
 
 Wri by a 
 
 Who Iiv 7 ed Five and Forty Years, 
 Undifcovered, at 
 
 PARIS: 
 
 Giving an IMPARTIAL ACCOUNT to 
 the Divan at Cotiftantinofle, of the moft 
 remarkable Tranfadions of Europe ; and 
 discovering feveral Intrigues and Secrets 
 of the Cbriftian Courts (efpecially of 
 that of France^) continued from the Year 
 1645, to the Year 1682. 
 
 Written Original/)* in Arabick, Tranflatcd into Ita- 
 lian, and from thence into Englifh, 
 tor ftb* Firft VOLU'ME. 
 
 CDition, 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for J. Rkodet, D. B>-ovn, R. S"rc, 
 B. -and S. Tetke, G. Strahan, W. Me'rs, 
 S. Bal/ard, and F. Clay, 1723.
 
 D 
 
 
 u 
 
 C-.
 
 T O T H E 
 
 READER 
 
 U R Arabian^ having met 
 ' with fo kind Entertainment 
 in this Nation fince he put orr 
 the EngliJbDrefs, is refolved 
 to continue his Garb, and 
 vilit you as often as Convenience will 
 permit. 
 
 He brings along with him many foreign 
 Commodities, to gratify the various Ex- 
 pedations of People. His Cargo confid- 
 ing of Jewels and other Rarities, which 
 are the genuine Product of the <*/?; and" 
 feme kinds of Merchandife, which he 
 has purchafed here in the ffeft, during 
 his Refidence at Paris. 
 
 It will be pity to affront this honeil 
 Stranger, by railing Scandals on him, as 
 if he were a Counterfeit, and 1 know 
 not what. This will appear inhofpkable, 
 and unworthy of the Englifli Candor and 
 Generofity. 
 
 To fpeak without an Allegory, in this 
 
 Jhiid. Volume of Letters, as in the former 
 
 A- 
 
 866856
 
 To the READER. 
 
 two, you'll find an exaft Continuation of 
 modern Hiftory, acquainting you with all 
 the memorable Sieges, Battles and Cam- 
 pa igns^ that weje in Eunpe, from the 
 Year 1645-., to 1^49. Aialfo, with all the 
 remarkable Negotiations and TranfaSimi 
 of State, EmbaJJks, Leagues and Overtures 
 of Princes ; the Policies and Intrigues of 
 fMck Miniften, efpecially thofe of Cardi- 
 nal Ma&arini $ the great and ftupendous 
 Revolutions and Civil Wars in England, 
 China, Naples, Tttrkj and Paris ^ the 
 prodigious Rife of a poor young beard- 
 lefs Fifotrman 3 to the Height of fovcrelgn 
 'Power ; the difmal Tragedies of an Eng- 
 lij% King, and Cbinefe Emperor - y with the 
 Murder of a lurkifi Sultan. And all 
 thefe intermix'd with proper and ufe- 
 ful Remarks, pleafarit and agreeable 
 Scories; couch'd in a Style, which be- 
 ing peculiar to the Arabians, cannot be 
 march'd in any other Writings that are 
 extant. 
 
 If his Pbllofoffty wiH not abide the Teft 
 of our learned ^inno/i, yet it may pafs 
 Mufter in a Mahometan ; fmce it is taken 
 for gran red, that the Men of that Faith 
 rarely apply themfelves to fuch Studies; 
 or, at leaft, not in the Method ufed in 
 Chrijlian Schools. They may have the 
 
 fame
 
 To the READER:. 
 
 fame Idea's of natural Things as we ; but 
 they exprefs themfelves in a different 
 Manner. 
 
 As for his Morals, they are folid and 
 grave,, and fuch as could not be repre- 
 hended even in a Chrlftlan Writer , if W3 
 reduce what he lays to UniverfaU. For 
 abftrading from the particular Obliga- 
 tions he had to his native Religion, and to 
 the Grand Signior, whole Slave he was,, 
 there will be found little Difference be- 
 tween his Ethlcks and ours. He every 
 where recommends Loyalty, Juftice, 
 Fortitude, Temperance, Prudence^ and 
 all thofe other Virtues which are requi- 
 fite to fill up the Character- of a Hero, or 
 a Saint* 
 
 And who will not bear with him, for 
 patronifmg the Religion and Intgreft in 
 which he was bred ? it being natural for 
 all Men, to adhere to the Noticm they 
 have fuck'd in with their Mothers Milk? 
 In this alfo he {hews great Moderation, 
 and a more unbyafs'd Temper, than one 
 would expe<5l from a Turk $ which may, 
 in part,, be afcribed to his (tud) ing in rhe 
 Cbriftlan Academies, his Conversation 
 with the learned'lt Men in Paris, and 
 fome of the moft accomplifh'd Perfoas 
 in the World. Hence it was, that he was 
 A 4 ac-
 
 To the READER. 
 
 accus'd by his Super/ours at the Ottawan 
 Prf, of inclining to Christianity or A hz- 
 ifm as he takes notice, in his dyology to 
 a religious Dignitary, in the ftrft Letter, of 
 the third Book of this Volume, Page 202, 
 to which the Reader is referred for far- 
 ther Satisfaction. 
 
 In his moft familiar Lettert, fuch as this 
 laft mention'd, and others to his intimate 
 Friends, you will find fome Expreffions, 
 difcovering a certain Finenefs and 
 Strength of Thought, which is not very 
 common in Cbriflian Writer*. Which is 
 an Argument, That the Mahometans are 
 not all fuch Blockheads as we take them 
 for. 
 
 And though his Pifiure, which we have 
 affixed to our Travjlation 3 fince we had the 
 Italian Tomes, reprefents no extraordinary 
 I^erfon., yet you know JuvenaVs Remark 
 fronti nttU* Fides, And it has been a com- 
 mon Obfervation of one of the great- 
 eft Pbilofopbers in this Age., That by his 
 out-ward Afyett, no Man would guefs what an 
 illuftrious Soul Ldged -within. 
 
 If you would know how the Italian 
 came by this Picture, (for,, in his Preface, 
 he alTerts it to be the true Effigies of this 
 sZrabian) he fays, That being acquainted 
 wich the Secretary of Cardinal Maz,arini, 
 
 and
 
 Ta the READER. 
 
 and frequenting his Houfe, he faw a PL 
 tture hang in his Clofit, with this Irfcri- 
 ption at the Bottom, TITUS D E 
 MOLDAVIA, CLERICUS. 
 vtatis fu a -LXX 1 1. He asked the Gen- 
 tleman who this Titus was, who inform'd 
 him, That he was a great Traveller, and 
 under ftood many Languages } efpecially 
 the Slavonian, Greek and Arabick^ on 
 which Account Cardinal Ricblieu, and his 
 Succeflbr Maz>*rini, had made great Ufe 
 of him ; and that the latter had caufed 
 that Pi&t&e of the Moldavian to be drawn 
 and hung up in his Chfet, from whence he- 
 had it. Our Italian being fatisfy'd after 
 fome Difconrfe about him., that this 
 Stranger was the very Arabian f whofe 
 Writing! he had fo happily found 3 got 
 leave of the Gentleman to have a Draught 
 of the Pitfure taken, by a skilful Limner t 
 which he afterwards placed in the Front 
 of his Tranjlatton. 
 
 There is one of thefe Letters, Page 242.1, 
 wants a Beginning in the Italian Copy. 
 Which the Author of that Tranflttion takes 
 Notice of m his Preface, faying, That by 
 fome Accident or other, the Ardick Paper 
 had1?een torn afunder, and one Part was 
 miffing. 
 
 A j There.
 
 To the REAVES..' 
 
 There needs no more to be faid,, but to 
 acquaint the Reader, that we are going 
 forward with the Englifj Transition of 
 thzfe Letters, as faft as we can. So that 
 in all Probability, you may exped: a Fourth 
 loiumt before Cbriftmas. Wherein you 
 \vill find more particular Remarks on 
 cur Englifl, Affairs, wich political Dif- 
 courfes on the Original and DhTolution 
 of Governments. As alfo many curious 
 Paliages during the Wars of Paris, which 
 have not hitherto come to publick View. 
 In fine, you will there be inform'd of all 
 the remarkable Events that happened at 
 that Time, either in Peace or War., on 
 the whole Globe. 
 
 Adieu,
 
 A 
 
 TABLE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 LETTERS and MATTERS 
 Contained in this VOLUME. 
 
 VOL 111. 
 
 BOOK I 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 MAHMVT, an A abian at Paris, te 
 Nathan Ben Saddi, a Jew at Vien- 
 **. Page 1 
 
 He exhort l s lim to l-e prepared for 
 the Tfofft Events ; To jland upon his Cuard 
 againft the Chriftians; tut, above all, to 
 beware of himfelf. He tells him 4 Story of 
 Carcoa, Nathan'j PreJeceJfir. 
 II. To the K^imacham. ; A 6 
 
 Of the Tranfylvaniai "Agent's Bufinefs at 
 the French" Court: "'Of Monfieur 
 A 6
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 Negotiation with Prince Ragorski. The 
 Speech of Prince Ragotski'/ Son. 
 
 III. To the inftrudted in all Knowledge, the 
 venerable Mufti. 10 
 
 H-' makes a Comparifon between the Chriftians 
 and Mahometans j prefers the Devotion 
 and Charity of the latter . And relates a 
 f leaf ant Pajjage of a Chriftian that whipt 
 himfelf. 
 
 IV. To Muftapha, Berber A&*. 13 
 Of the 'Buttle of Mergentheim, between the 
 
 Germans and French : The unfortunate Ad- 
 venture of a French Officer. 
 \. To Sh*fhim Jftham, a B!ack> Eunuch. \& 
 He pardons the Scandals caft upon him by the 
 Eunuch ; commends his Apology advifej 
 him to jet a Watch on his Tongue and re* 
 Utes the Adventure of aBufy-Body. 
 yi. To Zelim of Rhodes, Captain of a Gal/ey. 
 
 18 
 
 Hf acquaints him with the Execution of thret 
 Witches at Naples, who were hired to deftroy 
 him by Enchantm:nts. 
 
 VII. To the invincible Vitfr A^ent. 24 
 
 He compares France to the four great Mo- 
 narchies . Relates the Battle of AJlerfheijn, 
 and the Progrefs of the French A'ms. 
 VlH. To Cara Halt, a Phjjician at Conjiantine- 
 fle. 18 
 
 Of A blind Man who diftinguifoed Colours by 
 his Touch. Of another who caried to the 
 Life. Of tie $4ute Saqueda ; And of ft 
 deaf Man #ho apprehended ones Words by th* 
 Motltn tf the >].
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 IX. To Vfefh Bajfa. 3* 
 He congratulates hit neve Dignity ; informs him 
 
 of the Dijfolution of the Diet of Francforr, 
 and of the Kjng of PolandV defiring the 
 Queen of Swedeland in Marriage. 
 
 X. To Ichingi Cap Oglani, Preceptor to the 
 
 Royal Pages of the Seraglio. 3 5 
 
 He expoftulates with him concerning his Calum- 
 nies. 
 
 XI. To the fieis Ejfendi, principal Secretary of 
 Statet if 
 
 Of the taking of Canea, and the Policy of Sul- 
 tan Ibrahim. 
 
 XII. To the magnificent and redoubtable Vi- 
 %ier A\<tm. 40 
 
 Of the Duke rf Enguien'* Return to Pans 
 Mahmut extols the Hardinefs of the Otto/ 
 man Generals. He relates a private Amour 
 of Cardinal Mazarini. 
 
 XIII. To Egri Boinou, a White Eunuch. 46 
 He thank* him for his Intelligence of vthat is 
 
 praftijed againft him in the Seraglio. 
 
 XIV. To Mttftapha, "Berber Aga. 47 
 Of the Elector cf Saxony'j falling in Love with 
 
 a Swedifh Lady in A mour : And of the odd 
 kind of Articles, Agreed on betvteenhim and 
 General Koningfrr.ark, ty that Means. 
 
 XV. To Ma hummed, Hogia, Dervife, Eremit 
 Inhabitant of the Sacred Cave, at the 
 Foot of Mount Uriel, in A abia the Happy. 
 
 - " He extols his Abftinence, and the Happinefs of 
 a retired Life ; fybearfes the Bleffing which 
 the Angel pronounced on th&t Cave. 
 
 XVI. To
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 XVI. To Vfefb Rajfr. $ & 
 He acquaints him with the Marriage rf Ula- 
 
 diflaus, King of Poland, with Louite Ma- 
 rie, de Gonzague, Princefs of Mantua. 
 
 XVII. To the f^aimacham. 58 
 //; relates the Succefs of the French Arms in 
 
 Flanders, Catalonia and Italy, that Tear ; 
 with an Adventure that happen d to the 
 Duke ef Orleans, in his Camp lefcrc 
 Bourburgh. 
 
 XVIII. To Dgnet Oglcu. 62 
 He entertains him with a familiar Difcottrfe 
 
 cf his Sicknefs, and cf the Mind's Tran- 
 quillity : Telling him a. Stcry of a A4an, 
 whofe Brains were turn'd to a, Neft of 
 Serpents. 
 
 XIX. To the Sell ft ar Aga, or Sword-Bearer to 
 his Highnefs. 67 
 Hi reproaches the Europeans, with their Re- 
 bellions, and other Inhumanities.. Of the 
 AfTemblies at Munftey and Ofnaburg. 
 Of a private Treaty between Spain and 
 Holland. 
 
 XX. To the HcJs Ejfendi, frincipal Stcretarj of 
 the Ottoman Empire. 70 
 
 Of the mighty Fleet the French were fitting out 
 to Sea. Of the Predictions and Adventure 
 cf an old Propher, who went to Cardinal 
 Mazarini. Of Monfieur Chanut , the 
 French EmbafTador in Swedeland. 
 
 XXI. To Wttitm Vofpel, a Hfclttfe in Auftria. 
 
 74 
 
 He Advifes him to turn Hermit, for the fake 
 of Silence and Contemplation. 
 
 XXII. To
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 XXII. To the Cap tin Bajja. 77 
 Of the Preparations the Europeans were ma- 
 king, to ajjift the State of Venice. He tells 
 him, what the Chriftians/iy of him. 
 
 XXIII. To Adonai, a Jew at Venice. 79 
 He deflres him to fend fame Remarks on the 
 
 People he has feen in his Travels. A Jhort 
 Character of Italy, with feme Reflections en 
 the Goths and Vandals. 
 
 XXIV. To Mujlapha, Eerier Aga. go 
 Of the prefent War of Candy. A memorable 
 
 Saying of the Duke of Orleans, at the Sr- 
 rqndcr of Graveling, with tt generous Action 
 of that Prince. 
 
 XXV. To Ntffuff, BaJJa of Natoli*. 83 
 He congratulates his new Honour, puts him in 
 
 mind of his Name-face's Fate t in the Reign 
 (f Achmet III. and gives him many good. 
 Counfels. 
 
 XXVI. To the Kaimacham. 86 
 Touching Morofini'j quitting the Port 0/Canea 
 
 to the Turks. 
 
 XXVII. To Car n Halt, a Phyfician at Conftan- 
 tinople. 88 
 
 Some Remarks on the Spring, and tn the Dif- 
 ference between living tit Conftantinople 
 and Paris. The Quefl of the French Philo- 
 fophers. 
 
 XXVIII. To the Tefterdar or Lord-Treafurtr. 
 
 90 
 
 Of the French Defjgns ly Sea, and other 
 Matters. 
 
 XXIX. To Nathan Sen Saddi, a Jew at Vi- 
 enna, o 2 
 
 He
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 Uf- applauds his I(fjo/ution, not to take Re'igi-. 
 on in Truft) but to enquire into the Grounds. 
 And fends him an Abftrett f the Muflul- 
 man Hiftory. 
 
 XXX. To the fame. 95 
 He exhorts him, net to let Interefl byafs him in 
 
 the Choice of his ReJigion. Of the Duke 
 of BrandenburghV demanding the Queen of 
 Sweden in Marriage. 
 
 XXXI. To the Kjiimacham. 97 
 Of a private League between the Venetians 
 
 and the Baflfa of Aleppo, difcoveredby Ado- 
 nai the Jew. Several Inftanccs of tbaj Baf- 
 fa'j Jujlice. 
 
 . 
 
 BOOK II. 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 TO the moft magnificent and illuftrious Vi~ 
 qir A^em, at the Port. 1 r 
 
 MahmucV PrcjeB to divert Cardinal Maza- 
 rini, from attempting againft the Ottoman 
 Empire. 
 
 II. To Ifmael Mouta Faraca, a White Eunuch. 
 
 112 
 
 He condoles the Misfortune of Egri Boinou,^ 
 vfhffe Eyes were put out by the Grand Sig- 
 nior'j Command. 
 
 JII- To Dgnet Oglou. 114 
 
 He difcourfes more frankly to hjm t on the fame 
 
 Subjeft. 
 
 IV. To Dicheu Hiiflein BaJJT*. i \6 
 
 Of
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 Of the early Campaigns the French wade 
 that Tear. The Hardinefs of a French 
 Officer. 
 
 V. To Herder Hajjan Bajfa. 1 1 8 
 He thanks him for his Prefcntcf Coffee ; com- 
 pares fart of Arabia with the Fields of 
 Tempe. Concerning his Father's hunting 
 of Lyons, Tygers, &c. 
 
 VI. To Hufftin Bajfa. 1 20 
 Remarks on the taking of Retimo in Candy. 
 
 A Character of Monfieur Varennes, ths 
 French Arnbaflador at the Port. 
 
 VII. To the fame izi 
 I^emarkj on the Nature of the French, and their 
 
 Method of obtaining Victories. 
 
 VIII. To che Venerable ^infti, Sovereign Guide 
 of the True Believer's. 124. 
 
 Touching the Books of the ancient. Pagans. 
 Certain memorable PaJJages of Alexander 
 the Great. 
 
 IX. To Afurat Sajfa. 13 f 
 Of the talking of Courtray by the French . 
 Of the Want cf I(ain, ar.d Scarcity of provi- 
 
 fioni at Paris. 
 
 X. To the Aga of the Janizaries. 133. 
 Of the Benefit of reading Hiftories, and thf 
 
 ill Confluences of Printing in Europe. , 
 
 XI. To the fame. 137 
 Of Guftavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, 
 
 and of Queen Chriftina, his Daughter* 
 Hema/kj on Queen Elizabeth. 
 
 XII. To the Seliftar Aga, or Sword. Bearer to 
 the Grand Signior. 141 
 
 Of ths Duke of Orleans his I^turn to Paris, 
 
 after
 
 The T A B L E, 
 
 after he had taken Mardyke. Of the Diet 
 of the French. 
 
 XIII. To Abubechir Halt, Merchant at Aleppo. 
 
 144 
 
 H? exhorts htm, not to grieve for the Lcfs if one 
 cf his Wifes, who ran away rvhith bis Slave I 
 l^lates a Scary of an Italian Lord. 
 
 XIV. To Scljman hisCoujin. 146 
 He reproves him for deferting the publick Af- 
 
 femblies cf the Faithful, and following cf 
 Schifmancks. 
 
 XV. To Ha/nador-BajJj, chief Treafurer to the 
 Grand Signior. 148 
 
 Of the Duke of EnguienV Triumphant en- 
 tring into Paris, after the talking cf Dun- 
 kirk. 
 
 XVI. To Ibrahim Hali Cheic^ a Man of the 
 Law. 150 
 
 Touching the Supprejjiun of Brothel Houfcs in 
 Pars. 
 
 XVII. To Muftapb*, Bfit of Siliftna. i 51 
 He attributes the Lofs of Afac, to the Valour 
 
 sf the Mufcovites. A CharsEler of that 
 Pec fie, with the Manner of the C^ars Sue- 
 Cfflion in former Times. 
 
 IVII 1. To Scfyman Kj^at Jga, Chief of the 
 Black. Eunuchs. 155 
 
 He acquaints him with the Death of the Prince 
 
 tf Conde. Th: Charafter O f that Prince, 
 
 vpith a brief Account of his Life. 
 
 X X To the K^timacham. 1^8 
 
 Of the Count d' HarccurtV Dlfgrace , in 
 
 decamping from bff re Lcrida. The St/c- 
 
 cefs (f the French Arms in Italy. Of 
 
 ajlra'ngc
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 a ftrangc Fountain in the Ifle of E'be. 
 
 XX. To Baja^et, Eaffa of Greece. igo 
 He acquaints him with his Sujpicion of Jcme 
 
 deep Defigns in the French Court, Of a 
 Fellow who raijed a Sedition in Paris. 
 
 XXI. To Pcfldihali his Brother. i<5j 
 tie thanks him for the Journal of his Travels; 
 
 Congratulates his Efcupe from Atale find, 
 female Thieves ; tells him a Stoiy if the 
 Mogul'/ Father ; and arother of a Mer- 
 chant's Widow in the Indies : With other 
 Difcourfcs of that Nature. 
 
 XXII. To AfisEajfa. 173 
 Of a Quarrel between Monfieur Chanut, the 
 
 French Embairador at Stockholm, and the 
 Swedifli Secretary of State. The Repar- 
 tee of a French Embaflador to the Kjg 
 of Spain. 
 
 XXIII. Te the Mufti, moft venerable, and 
 worchy of all Honour. 176 
 
 ACvmparifon of the three Minifters of State, 
 Ximencs, Richlieu rfw^Mazarini. 
 
 XXIV. To Danecmar Kjfrou, Gadilefquer ef 
 Romania. 1^1 
 
 Of the Perfidy if the Scots, in felling King 
 Charles I. to the Englifh Parliament. A 
 Story of Bifhop Hatco. 
 
 XXV. To %egel Hamet, Antiquary is theSul' 
 tan. |86 
 
 fymarly on old Magical Statues and Images : 
 Of the Palladium and Ancilia : Of the true 
 Name of the City of Ro me. 
 
 XXVI. To t\\cVi$ir A^em. 189 
 Mahmuc acquaints him with his Return 
 
 /rcm
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 from Orleans, the fyafin of the great Con'' 
 flux of Strangers to that City. 
 
 XXVII. To the Aga of the Janizaries. 191 
 Of Joan d'Acre, the Maid of Orleans. 
 
 XXVIII. To Dgnct Oglou. 194 
 Of Eliachim'j falling in Love with a French 
 
 Lady on the B^ad^ as l>e accompanied Mah- 
 mut to Orleans. 
 
 XXIX. To the Captain Baffa. 199 
 Of the bold Propofal which a Sea Captain 
 
 made to Cardinal Mazarini : And f a 
 magnificent Ship, which Queen Chriftina. 
 presented to this Minifter. 
 
 BOOK III. 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 TO IBedredin, Superior of the Convent of Der~ 
 vifes, at Cogni in Natalia. 2Pi 
 
 H: mallet an Apoiogy for his Faith agaiuft 
 fucb as flandered him. Of a Hermit then 
 living near Paris, who had ahnojl doubled 
 the Tears of Bedreden. 
 
 II. To Murat Bajfe. 207 
 Of the Chriftians Joy, for their ViRory by Sea 
 
 and Land: A Comparifon between Sultan 
 Ibraham, and Sultan Amurat. 
 
 III. To Majtomet Techli, Bajja of Bofnia, at 
 
 his Camp in Dalmatia. 2 t o 
 
 tie reproaches him with Cotvardice l in decamp' 
 ing from before Sebenico. 
 
 IV. l"o Aehmet BaJJa. 2 12 
 
 He
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 He tells him of an Attempt to murder Queeh 
 Chriftina in her Chapel. 
 
 y. To Car a Halt, a Phyfician at Conflantinople. 
 
 215 
 He difcourfes of the Manna in Calabria, feme 
 
 of which he fends him, 
 
 VI. To Barker Hajfan, Ba/a. 31? 
 
 Of the Revolution in China. 
 
 . To Darnijh Mehemet Baffa. 226 
 
 Of Mafllanello, ^nd the Revolution in Na- 
 ples. 
 
 . To Solyman his Coufin. 230 
 
 He again reprehends his Manner tf Life, and 
 ferfuades 'him , ly the Example of his 
 - Grandfather, to cbfetve the Laws of Pu r 
 rity. 
 
 IX. To the KJiimacham. 234 
 Of the Cruelty executed by the Turkifh Gene, 
 
 ral, on a Chriftan Prieft. Of the Vene- 
 ration the ancient Mahometans paid to 
 Scanderbeg'* Bones. Of PorfennaV Gene- 
 rojiv. 
 
 X. To the Mufti. 138 
 Remarks on the Spanifh Miifortunes y the 
 
 Infurredlion in Sicily, and particularly on 
 the Revolution in Naples. He prays him 
 to furnijh Nathan Ben Saddi, with religi- 
 ous Bocks. 
 
 XI. This Letter wants the Title and Begin- 
 ning. i|i 
 
 Of the Chriftian's Revenge on the Son of Ali- 
 Sangiac-Bay of Lippa, for the Sufferings of 
 the Chriftian Prieft. The extravagant Re- 
 venge of an Italian Captain. 
 
 XII. To
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 XII. To the venerable Ai^fti. 244 
 
 Of Cardinal Mazarini'j fup porting the Tu- 
 mults in Naples, K^mar^ on the Duke of 
 Guife his Attempt to fuccour the revolted. 
 A Defer iptiin of the Extent and Rjches of 
 that Kingdom. 
 
 XIM. To Abdel Melee Midi Omar, 
 tend ant of the College of Sciences at 
 
 250 
 
 fie difcourfes about the Duration cf the 
 World. The Vifion of Omar, Succeffor 
 of Mahomet. Of Adam'/ firjl Wife Ali- 
 Icth- That the Earth vets inhabited fir 
 many Ages before Adam. 
 
 XIV. To ihe Mufti. 257 
 He relates to him the Tragedy of the Sicilian 
 
 Vefpers. Of A Woman and, hoar Daughter, 
 that were immured feventeen Tears by a 
 Scribe in Naples. 
 
 XV. To the }\aimachfim, 260 
 He itfanns him, what I(eafon he has to be 
 
 jealous of Cardinal MazariniV Defigns a- 
 galnfl the Ottoman Empire. Ofmin the 
 Dvvarfj Dexterity, in frying into the Car- 
 dinal'j Secrets, and thofe of the Grandees. 
 
 XVI. To Pejlehali, his Brother. 164 
 He farther commends his Journal. A Hare 
 
 Example of Indian Charity. Of the Inge- 
 nuity of the Chinefe. Of the Conqueft of 
 that Kingdom by the Tartars. He dif- 
 courfcs if the Original of Nations, and the 
 unmix'd Blood of the Arabians and Tar- 
 tars. Of a Gun *t Pequin, Two thoufand 
 Tears old. 
 
 XVII, To
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 XVII. To the dgA of the Janizaries. 270 
 Of the famous Viftory of the French o-btaind 
 at the Battle of Lens. Cf (he Tumults at 
 Paris, And the Kjng cf France'* Speech to 
 the Senators. Mahmut informs him, how 
 he employs certain Agents, to foment t\>e 
 publick Sedition. 
 
 XVIII. To Acbmet Btig. 174. 
 He acquaints him with the Death c/'Uladi- 
 
 ilaus, 'King cf Poland, for. which the Court 
 of France was in Mourning; -as-a!fo with 
 the Duke of Bavaria'* Death. Of tie 
 French Campaigns in Flanders- Of a Sea 
 Fight between the French and Spaniards. 
 Of a. formidable Confpiracy againftthc Czar 
 of Mofcovy. 
 
 XIX. To the Mufti. i-]6 
 He feems to approve of Sultan Ibrahim'* being 
 
 defofed, 8cc. Cenfures bir Attempt on Sul- 
 tan Amurat'.' TVtdow, and his Rape of the 
 Mufti'j Daughter. The Continence ,ef the 
 African Scipio. The Stratagem of Athe- 
 nodorus the Philofopher. He incites the 
 Muftj, to encourage the Tranilation of 
 Greek^ and Latin Hiftorians. 
 
 XX. To Chirrrgi Muhammel, Soffit. 180 
 Of the Conclufion af the Peace rf Munfter. 
 
 Of the Troubles of Paris, and the Duke 
 of Beaufort'* Efcape cut of the Caftie of 
 the Wood of Vinciennes. 
 
 XXI. To D>nst Oglou. 181 
 He complains of the unjuft Proceedings of the 
 
 ''Conipimo s againft Sultan Ibrahim: ^p- 
 f lifts 'to defame him after his Death:
 
 The TABLE. 
 
 evens that he did but dijjemble in his lafl 
 Letter to the Mufli. Of the Statue of a fa- 
 mous Wreftler, which fell down and crujhed 
 to Death, a Man that through Envy went to 
 demolijh it. Of the Motto on Plato'* 
 Ring. 
 
 XXII. To Danecmar J\efrou 9 Kjdilcfquer of 
 
 Romania.. 284 
 
 Remarks on the Murder of the Englifh King 
 
 Charles I. and what Cardinal Mazarini 
 
 fnid, when be firft heard of the News of that 
 
 horrid Tragedy. Of Machiavefr corruft 
 
 Principles. 
 
 LET-
 
 LETTERS 
 
 Writ by 
 
 A SPY at PARIS. 
 
 VOL. III. 
 
 BOOK I. 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 Mahmut, an Arabian at Paris, to Nathan 
 Ben Saddi, a Jew at Vienna. 
 
 I BELIEVE the News of my Imprifonmenc 
 might fill thee with Doubts of thy own Li- 
 berty, and make thfee careful to avoid ac 
 Vienna, fuch a Misfortune as befel me ac 
 Paris, Yet if thou wert much furprized at this 
 Accident, it is an Argument that thou art but a 
 Novice in the World, and art yet to learn the firft 
 Rudiments of ufeful Wifdom, which teach us, 
 That there is no Stedfaftnefs in Humane dffairt. 
 
 There has nothing happen'd to me in this, 
 which I was not before provided for ; neither 
 did the Suddennefs of the Event make me 
 change Countenance. I fmiled ar the fulfilling 
 my own Prefages, and went to Prifoii as uncon- 
 B ccrned,
 
 i LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 cern'd, as I would have gone home to my Lodg" 
 ing. Not that I would have thee think, I wa s 
 infenfible of a Lofs fo afflifting as that of Liber" 
 ty ; but my Chains did not appear fo very formi* 
 dable, having made them familiar to my Thoughts 
 long before. 
 
 When I firfl came to Paris. I look'd on my 
 felf but as aPrifoner at large, owing the Freedom 
 I had to walk about, only to the Carelefnefs of 
 the State, and the Favour of Dfftiny. So that 
 when that Indulgence was retrench'd, no new 
 Thing happen'd to me. What I had expefted for 
 Seven Years together could not feem ftrange when 
 it came to pafs. 
 
 By what I have faid, thou may'ft learn to pre- 
 pare thy felf for the worft Events, which com* 
 monly fteal upon the fecure and unthinking, be- 
 ing wrapp'd up in greater Darknefs and Silence, 
 than the Moments which bring them to Light. 
 Thefe flide away without our Advertilement, un- 
 feen, unheard : Neither can our Watches or Di- 
 als inform us any thing of them, 'till they are 
 pafs'd. So there is no Index to point out to us 
 the hidden Decrees of Fate, 'rill they are accom- 
 plifh'd ; no Efhemerii of Deftiny, but our own 
 Experience. 
 
 T-hou, and -all thy Nation, are fufpe&ed by the 
 Chriftiatn : They efteem you Enemies of their 
 Intereft, as well as of their La*. They defpife 
 and vilify you, calling you, The accurfed tf God. 
 Yet they admit you as Members of their Com- 
 monwealth. They receive you to the Prote- 
 ftion of their Laws, and entruft you with their 
 Secrets, that they may ferve themfelves of your 
 Money. Thus are you become Bankers for 
 your fworn Enemies : And while you profefs an 
 Eternal Obedience to the Injunctions of Mtfes, 
 you maks underhand Leagues with the Difciplet 
 
 of
 
 Vol. HI. a SPY At PARIS. $ 
 
 of Jefu;. I do not accufe your Commerce with 
 thefe Infidels: but, I lay, you have Reafon to 
 be upon your Guards, when you are environed 
 with fo many Millions of Enemies. They are 
 not ignorant of the Intimacies between the Mi~ 
 Ttiftsrsof the Sublime Porf, and thofe of thy Na- 
 tion : It is common in the Mouths of the Frtnch, 
 Thanh' Jews are the Turks Intelligencer}. Thou 
 oughteft therefore to have a fpecial Regard to 
 thy Conduft, that no imprudent Aftion may ex- 
 pofe thee to the Jealoufy of the St ate where thou 
 refideft. That Cturt is full of Eyet ; and thou 
 haft need of a flrifter Veil, than what thou 
 weareft in the synagogue. The very Walls of thy 
 Houfe will betray thee, and thy Domefticks 
 may prove thy greateft Enemies: Yet fufpeft 
 none more than thy felf. This will not feem 
 harm Counfel, if thou reflefteft twice on it, 
 there being nothing more certain, than that it is 
 not fo eafy to defend ones felf from him irt 
 whom we confide, as from one we are jealous 
 of; And every Man is apt to put too much 
 Truft in himfelf. I believe thou art faithful and 
 abhorreft Treachery ; yet at the fame Time, 
 thou may'ft be remifs and weak: What could 
 not be extorted from thee by an open Enemy, 
 may be discovered by the Infinuations of a pre- 
 tended Friend. Thy own good Nature may ca- 
 jole thee ; and therefore it will be no fmall point 
 of Wifdom, T beware of thy felf. As for Con- 
 tingencies, I advife thee not to be perplexed a- 
 bout them, or be uneafy. Thou canft not avoid 
 the inevitable Appointments of Heaven. Only be 
 ready for the worft that may happen, fince thou 
 canft never be certain "of any Thing. 
 
 Thy PredecefTor Carcoa was a Man of exqui- 
 
 fite Forecaft, always on his Watch, prying into 
 
 the dark Orb of Futurities j yet an Accident 
 
 B 2 furprized
 
 4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol.111. 
 
 furprized him once, of which his ftrifteft Caution 
 never gave him Warning. I read it in one of his 
 Letters to the Kaimachim, which thou fenteft me 
 from Vienna. The Story is this : As he was one 
 Pay writing Difpaccha to the Port, a certain tame 
 Bird which he kept for his Divertifement, fnatches 
 from the Table the Paper on which he was writ- 
 ing to the Ttfrsrdar ; and the Window being open 
 flies with it out into the Streets. The Paper was 
 dropped in the Garden of the duguftin Friars, the 
 very Moment when the Spani/h jimbaffadtr was 
 walking there with the General of that O>-der. 'Tis 
 true, the Letter was unfmifh'd, no Name fub- 
 fcribed, and fo Caret* efcaped an imminent Haz- 
 ard of his Life But the Secrets therein contain'd 
 gave a vaft Sufpicion to the Imperial Court, it be- 
 ing foon carried to the principal Secretary of State, 
 and by him communicated to the Emperor and 
 Divan. Strift Inquifition was made throughout 
 the City for the Author of that Letter A Re- 
 ward of a thoufand Rix Dollars promis'd to any 
 that would difcover him The Bird was feen by 
 many to fly along with a Paper in her Bill, but 
 from whence fhe came, none knew. Nor had any 
 curious Eye attended her uncertain Motions back: 
 No man divining, that that Paper was defigned to 
 tranfmit to the eve k*ppy Port, the moft impor- 
 tant Counfels of the German Empi'-e. Neither was 
 Carcoa's Hand taken notice of having lived very 
 privately, and ufed another Character in his com- 
 mon Dealings. But how near was he to a Difco- 
 very, when he fays himfelf in his Letter, -that^he 
 wanted but five Words to the Conclufion, where 
 he would have fubfcribed his Name' liFrom hence 
 thou may'ft learn that a Ater/W'ma Tempeft, 
 amongft Rocks and Sands, runs nor greater Ha- 
 zards, than he whoA&s.in thy Station. 
 
 How.
 
 Vol. 111. a SPY */ PARIS; f 
 
 However, rhou may'fr. now continue thy Ad- 
 vices to Paris, but obierve the Directions of Eli*. 
 ckim, who brings thee this Letter. He will in- 
 form thee of whatfoever is neceflary for thee to 
 know, taking this Journey on purpofe to prevent 
 the wakeful Jealoufy, and aftive Inquifition of 
 Cardinal Uazarini, from whom nothing can be 
 hid that's trufted to the Poftf. Receive him with 
 lingular Honour; he is an incorruptible Friend of 
 the Ottoman Part. From him thou lhalt learn the 
 fafeft Methods of our future .Correfpondence He 
 is the Apollo of thy Nation ; and his Wifdom and 
 Fidelity will be recorded in the Regifter of that 
 Empire, which ftiall know no earlier Period than 
 ths Moon, whofe. Crefcent is her Arm?, and the 
 happy Omen of her encreapng Luftre. 
 
 When thou beholdeft that natle Enjign of M*. 
 bomut on the Top of the chief Temple of Jffsa in 
 Vienna, let it augment thy Veneration of our 
 Lav, and convince thee, that all Nations muft 
 fubmit to the M-fenger of God and Seal of the 
 Prophet/. Be fitirhful and wife, and thou canft 
 'not mifs of Happinefs. 
 
 Paris, z8tb of the -jth Moan, f tfa Tear 
 to the Chriftian Style. 
 
 B ; IE T-
 
 6 LETTERS Writ ly Vol.111. 
 
 LETTER II. 
 
 To the Kaimacham. 
 
 SINCE my Releafe, I have informed my felf 
 of fome PafTages, to which I was a Stranger 
 during my Relrraint. The Tmnfylvfininn /)gtnt 
 continues ilill at this Court ; and his Negotiation is 
 not now a Secret. Monjieur Croijfy is gone Jmbaf- 
 fad&y E.x;>aoriiinary to Prince Ragottki on the fame 
 Errand from this Crown. The fubjeft Matter of 
 fco&h their Embafli?^ is a League. Cardinal Maza^ 
 rini fufpefted Tergiverfation in that Prince, and 
 that he would privately treat with the Emperor, if 
 the Grand Seignior fhould withdraw his Affiftance 
 and Protection from him ; or if he himfeif ihould 
 grow weary of the War. Wherefore Monfiear 
 Groi'Jfy according to the Cttrdixal's InftruiSHons 
 would not fign the League, till Ragouk! had called 
 home his dmttffadffj, who were treating \vith the 
 Imperialist at Tyrne , and fent away the German En. 
 uoy from his Camp. 
 
 The League being concluded, he infifted on the 
 Neceffity the Prince lay under, of marching his 
 Army nearer to Torftenfo* the Swed/jh General, that 
 fo they might fupport one another againft the 
 German Forces. 
 
 This was the Pretence ; but in Reality it was 
 defigned to engage the Tranfylvanians beyond the 
 Power of a Retreat, and to poft them under the 
 Eye of the Swedi/h General, who foon after pof- 
 fefred himfeif of Tyrne, the Place appointed for 
 Treaty between the Imperialist and Prince /?* 
 
 gOtikl. 
 
 It is a Town in the Lower Hungary, not far 
 from Preibu*gh, The Swede* entered this Place the 
 
 1 7th,
 
 Vol. III. a Spy at PARIS. 7 
 
 ivrTi of the fth Moon, but left a Garrifqn in It of 
 Seven hundred Hungarian Horfe, and Three hun- 
 dred Foot, according to their Article) with the 
 Befieged 
 
 The-fe were foon forc'd to quit the Town by 
 Count Forgatfch, an Imperialist, the Sv>edei and 
 Tranfilvaitian. being march'd a great Diftanceoff .* 
 And 'tis faid, this Hungarian Garrifon yielded not 
 unwillingly to the Imperial Arms. 
 
 'Tis certain, General Tor ft en f on puts but fmalf 
 Confidence in the Hungarian Soldiers : For above 
 Six hundred of the common Sort deferted him, 
 the 29th of the jth Moon, and the reft raifed fuch 
 frequent Tumults and Mutinies, that their Com- 
 manders flood in more fear of them, than of their 
 Enemies. It's reported likewHe, That there has 
 been lately no good Undemanding between: 
 J^agonk! and Torftfnfon, about die defigned Siege 
 of Presburgh : The former feeming too much to 
 favour the Hungarians, and being rather inclined 
 to carry his Arms into the Emperor's Hereditary 
 Countries. Yet he would not confent, that Pref- 
 tu>?h fhould be in the Hands of the Swedes. 
 
 The French fay, that the Prince is humorous 
 and wavering, yet of a fair Intention ; but thar 
 the greatefl part of his Officers, are corrupted by 
 the Ewperor : And that therefore, both they and 
 the common Soldiers were for Peace ; only hi? 
 Wife, his Son, and fome few of his Councellors, 
 perfuaded him to adhere to the Srotdet. 
 
 They add, that the Tattug Prince, being inftrucV 
 ed by his Mother, one Day in a full Aflembly of 
 the chief Commanders, made the following Or*-- 
 tion, Ragotiki himfelf being alfo prefent. 
 
 Permit
 
 8 LETTERS Writ By Vol. 111. 
 
 
 
 PErmit me, moft Serene and Illufrrious Prince, 
 ' my Royal Father, to perform the part of 
 a dutiful Son, a faithful Counfellor, and a loyal 
 Subjeft. The L*w of Nature and of N<*:iwr t 
 entitles you to my Ohdienct ; and the particular 
 Honour you have done me, in admitting me to 
 your Cabinet, obliges me to exemplify it, in an 
 humble Remonftrance of my Sentiments, at a 
 Time when the Intereft of Trtvfylvanfo calls for 
 Freedom of Advice 
 
 * It is with no fmall Complacency that I now 
 behold you encompafled with a Circle of Htroej, 
 whofe Valour and Fidelity may give fuch a Lu> 
 ftre to your victorious Arms, as fliall eclipfe the 
 Glory of the Rom*n and Grecian Conquerors. 
 The dlexanderj, Ctfart, Scipio>, and Hawribalf, 
 ihall no longer draw the World into an Admi- 
 ration of their obfolete Achievements. J he 
 Regifltr of your Dtedi fhall foil their tin'.i^ttted 
 Htjloriti ; whilft Plutarch, Tacitui and Litty 
 muft veil to mtfkrn Pens, the Recorder} of your 
 matchlefs A&im, 
 
 * Let not the crafty Infinuations of the Ger- 
 nn Court, warp your Refolutions, and cajole 
 you with the deceitful Umbrages of Peace, only 
 to gain Time, that they may more fuccefsfully 
 carry on the War. Neither fuffer your felves, 
 already in part victorious, to be amus'd with 
 feign'd Treaties, and Overtures which you can- 
 not but fufpeft. We are now in a Condition 
 to give the Law ; and (hould Fortune turn the 
 Scale , it will ftill be in our Power to make 
 our own Terms of Compofition. The Alliance 
 of Svtedtn and Prattct, have raifed us to a Ca- 
 pacity of braving all Europt ; whilft the one 
 with a potent Army on the Rhine, the other on 
 the Dawtt, keep the Imperitliftt in fuch perpe- 
 
 ' tual
 
 Vol. III. a SPY af PARIS. j> 
 
 tual Aftion, that it will be impofllble for them 
 to barrier Germany from our conquering Arms. 
 Now is the Time to raife Tranfylvania above 
 the Title of a Tributary Province, and reftore 
 this Kingdom to her ancient Renown. If we 
 mifs this Opportunity, we muft for ever be 
 Slaves to the Turks or Germans. Let us not 
 feek any longer Protection, but from the Juftice 
 of our Caufe, and the Dint of our Swords Lee 
 not France and Sweden boaft of their Turenne, 
 their Torftenfon, as if no other Nations could 
 furnifh the World with famous Generals ! Whilft 
 Prince Ragttski lives, and lives at the Head of 
 fuch an Army, your Fidelity and Courage ftall 
 render his Name more terrible than that of Ta . 
 merlain, and his Attempts more profperous than 
 thofe of Scande*bcg. And our Pofterity fhall be 
 obliged to raife Pyramids to your Honour ; and 
 from your prefent Achievements to date a new 
 Epocka, the eternal Memtir of Tranfyfoania's 
 Redemption. 
 
 'Tis faid, That Ragotsk! was not very well 
 pleafed with his Sort's Speech, fufpefting that he 
 held fome private Correfpondence with Torften- 
 ftn, for whom he had no great AfFeftion. Laft 
 Mstn he infifted earneftly on the Money and Men 
 promifed him by Rebenjlick. But General Tirfttn- 
 fn thought it fufficient, that he himfelf was fo 
 near him with his Forces. Yet left he Ihould 
 take an Occafion of Difcontent, he fent him a 
 Supply of Money ; though he was not without 
 fome Apprehenfions that the Prime, having re- 
 ceived it, would under-hand treat with the Em- 
 ptror. 
 
 'Tis faid here, that a Cblant tvas arrived in the 
 
 Tranfylvanian Camp, exprefly forbidding Ragttiki 
 
 to enter into the Htrt4it*ry Prtvittett of the 
 
 B J
 
 io LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 But that he, trufting to the Strength of 
 is Army, (which confifts of Five and Twenty 
 oufand Germans, Tranfylvanians, Hungarian f 
 Walachiam) was refolved to purfae his firft 
 R C folution. 
 
 Thou knoweft what Reafons the Port had, to 
 fend him this Prohibition. The French fay, 'twas 
 out of Fear that he would join with the Emperor's 
 Forces. 
 
 By this thou mayeft know what Opinion the 
 Infidels entertain of the Meafures taken by the So- 
 vereign Divan. They defcant at Liberty, whilfl 
 I fend up Vows to Heaven for the Exaltation ot 
 the Ottaman Empire. 
 
 Paris, 4?&. e/ the %th Moon, 
 of tht Ttar 1645. 
 
 LETTER III. 
 
 To fie InftruSted in all Knowledge ; the 
 Venerable Mufti. 
 
 HAIL, Holy Interpreter of the Sacred Law ; 
 may the Divine Light guide thee beyond 
 the Errors of Humane Frailty. I am amongft /- 
 fideli, Enemies to the Truth ; who yet feem as. 
 certain of being in the Right, as thou art fure they 
 are in the Wrong. They hate us with an inevi- 
 table Hatred I muft difTemble my Refentments-; 
 whilft, with the loweft Proftrations to the Unity, 
 I celebrate his Glorious Mercy, who has fent us 
 fuch a Star to guide our Feet into the Way of 
 Peace. 
 
 The Chrijiians feoff at the faithful People, as di- 
 Vided into feyeral Scttt. Would my Death could 
 
 wipe
 
 Vol. III. a S p y At PARIS. r i 
 
 wipe out thofe Reproaches, and vindicate the 
 Honour of the Holy Profiffion. I could retort, 
 that Error fhews it felf infinite in them ; but I 
 muft hold my Peace, and reftrain my felf, ]eft my 
 Zeal tranfport me beyond Difcretion ; remem- 
 bring I am not fent here to difpute, but to aft 
 fecretly for my g>-e*t Mafier, \vhofe Empire be ex- 
 tended over all the kabitable World. 
 
 Thefe poor Wretches boaft much of their Tra. 
 ditions, their Sacred Synods and Fathers, as if we 
 ever wanted Hsly Men, working Wonders, and pe- 
 netrating into the profoun deft Myfteries, but only 
 wiping their Eyes with the Dufl of their Ftet. 
 
 They talk much of Faith and Reafin j at which 
 I fmile, as knowing it to be only Education. Yet, 
 as the wo'ft of People have fomething that is 
 good, fo thefe are not wholly deftitute of Devo- 
 tion. They pray often, but not fo often as the 
 true Believeri ; it being, as thou knoweft, a juft 
 Exception againft a Witnefs amongft us, That he 
 pray..' not fix times a Day They pray to Men 
 and Women deceafed, whereas, thoa knoweft, 
 there is no eiiy but One. They faft often, but. 
 not fo ftriftly as the afllfted with the Vertue of 
 the fupreme Dlfpenfir of Graces. They are charU 
 table, but this hinders 'em not from excluding; 
 all frorh the bhft Abodes, who are not of their 
 Belief : Whereas thou affirmeft (\vlvo art the RefoL 
 ver of all the Problems of Faith) .that it will go 
 well at the laft Day with all honeft People, feeing 
 thefe have all the fame Object of Worfhip ; and 
 their different kdigiont are but as fo many diffenttt 
 Ways, which lead a Man to the fame Place of Reft, 
 like 'variant Roads to the fame City. 
 
 Thefe Chriftitns whip themfelves often wJtJi 
 fmall Cords; which Humour, fay they, was let 
 on Foot by an Hermit's Preaching and Example. 
 Not many Countries diftant from that where I 
 
 B 6 am,
 
 12, LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 am, there happen'd fuch an odd Inftance of this 
 extravagant Zeal (which was to be heighten'd, it 
 feems, with the Fumes o-f Wine) as plainly jufti- 
 fies our Prophets Wifdom, in charging the Faithjzl 
 to avoid it. It was particularly the Cuftom of 
 feveral People in this Place, in their Procijptm, 
 to whip themielves, 'till the Blood ftreamed down 
 their Frocks, which were fo made as to cover 
 their Faces, and leave only their Backs bare. One 
 of thefe Zealots, diftrufting the Firmnefs of his 
 Conftitution, had taken fuch large Draughts of 
 this intoxicating Liquor, that reeling up and down 
 vith his Whip in his Hand, and his Head againft 
 the Walls, he was followed by all the Boys of the 
 Town hooting after him, which fo leflened the 
 Repute of this foitifo Religion, as made them ab- 
 ilain for the future from this pompous Ufage of 
 it. What low Thoughts have thefe People of the 
 Almighty Lord of aff ; when, allowing him to be 
 Omnipotent, yet reprefent him to themfelves and 
 others, as delighting in Cruelty ; whereas, thou 
 knoweft, this Paflion is only ta be found amongft 
 the weak and raiferable. 
 
 That the Divine Preferver of Men may conti- 
 nue thee long for the Edification of his Eleft, are 
 the paflionate Wifhes of the raeaneft of thy Ser- 
 vants, Mahmnt. 
 
 ?aris, 4fi of the 
 eft be Year 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS- 13 
 
 LETTER IV. 
 
 To Muftapha,, Berber Aga. 
 
 \A/O ULD to GOD I could converfe with 
 * * thee Face to Face in the Seraglio, as in 
 former Times. I vent many paffionate Wifhes 
 to Conjitntintplt, that happy Refidence of my beft 
 Friends, the Nurfery of my Childhood, the 
 School of my Youth, and I hope, the future Re-' 
 pofitory of my old Age. When I think of 
 that City, 'tis with a Pafllon hardly fecond to 
 that, which I cherifli for the Place of my Nati- 
 vity. In Arabia 'tis true, I firft law the Light 
 of the Sun. but 'twas in Greece I received the 
 more friendly Illumination of the Mton, the Splen- 
 dors of the true faith j which though they dif- 
 clofe not to us fo clear a Profpeft of the E*rtk 
 and all its Gayeties, yet they prefent us with an 
 unveiled Diicovery of the Heavens and Start j 
 ihewingus Partdife, with its glittering Inhabitants 
 the purpled Calorie} of true Btlieverr, Champions 
 and Martyrs of the Eternal Unity. In the Defart 
 I left my Father, or rather he left me before I 
 found my felf, being but an Infant when he died, 
 but in the City I found Friends, which is not a 
 lefs endearing Title. He gave me but ray Birth, 
 whereby I entered on the Stage of Miferies : 
 with which he foon after left me to ftruggle, be- 
 fore I could diftinguifli Mifcry from Happinefs. 
 But they gave me Education, which taught me 
 how to fhun thofe Evils, which are the natural 
 Confequences of our Birth, So that in the 
 main, I am more indebted to them than to hinv 
 Let it be how it will, I cannot ceafe to love 
 them, and often wifli my felf with them. Ths 
 
 is
 
 14 LETTERS .Writ ly Vol. III. - 
 
 is a fecond Nature. And becaufl- I cannot have 
 my Defires fulfilTd In that, I gratify my felf by 
 often writing to them. Should I make Compa- 
 rifons, thou wilt fay I am a Flatterer. Suffice 
 it to tell thee, that thou art one of the Number, 
 whofe Remembrance affects me with fenfible 
 Complacency. Yet I cannot write to thee, nor 
 any of my Friends, fo often as I would, without 
 entrenching on the Obligations I have to the 
 Other Mmifters of the fubiime Port. J feud Bif- 
 y (itches to all by turns, facrificing my private Re- 
 gards to the Expectations of the biare, and the 
 P/eafure of my Saperforr. 
 
 Had I been at Liberty, I could have fent thee 
 the earlieft News, of the Slaughter which the Ger- 
 mans made three Moons ago in the French Army 
 at Me-gemheim. 'Tis not too late now to fay 
 fomething of it. The Imptrialifti owe that Tri- 
 umph to the Candor of Tureane, and the degene- 
 rate Craft of the Duke of Bavaria who, to lull 
 the F'ench In a fatal Security, fent an /tg?ht into 
 frame to negotiate a Pesee, with deceitful Over- 
 tures and Umbrages ; commanding alib, that none 
 of his Soldiers ftould dare to call the French their 
 Enemies. Yet fome lay the Blame of this Over- 
 throw to the Swedes, whofe unfeafonable Sufpi- 
 cion of a private Treaty between the F ench and 
 Germans, hinder'd To-ficvjln from joining with 
 the former ; and expofed Turtnne, with his raw 
 and unexperienc'd Forces, to the numerous Army 
 cf Veterane Imperialist. 
 
 'Twas a fatal Engagement, and the French loft 
 many brave Men ; befides an Hundred and fifty 
 Commanders taken Prifoners, Fifteen hundred of 
 the common Soldiers, Fifty Enfigns, with many 
 Waggons, and Four Mules laden with Money.
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. if 
 
 It is reported, that whilft Turennc, in the gene- 
 ral Retreat and Flight of his Army, betook him- 
 felf to Mergentheim, as he lay on his Bed the firft 
 Night, one of his Officers was coming to alarm 
 him with the News of the Germans Approach to 
 that Town, but unfortunately (rumbled at his 
 Chamber-Door, with the Noife of which Tu^nns 
 awaked; and fearing fome Attempt on his Life, 
 leaped off his Bed with his drawn Sword, and 
 making toward the Door, juft as the Officer o-. 
 pened it, he run him into the Heart By which 
 JVliftake, he himfelf, and the Troops that were 
 in the Town with him, had like to have fallen 
 into the Hands of the Bavarian!. But receiving 
 Notice of their Approach accidentally by fome 
 other Means, he withdrew his Troops out of the 
 Town by a contrary Road, and efcaped the Pur- 
 fuit of his Enemies. 
 
 This Viftory has given new Courage to the Int. 
 ferialifts, and has not much difpirited the French, 
 who are by this Lofs enflamed with greater Ar- 
 dors, mediating a fpeedy Revenge. The Gcniut 
 of this Court leems to be undaunted, breathing 
 nothing but War. 
 
 I (hall not fail to fend thee fuch Intelligence, 
 as will demonftrate, that Mahmut pafTes not away 
 his Time in vain. 
 
 I pray the Sovereign of as many Empire: as there 
 be Worlds, to diftinguilh thee by fome particular 
 Mark of his Favour, from the Crowd of thofe 
 he makes happy. 
 
 Paris, 4* of the $th Moen, 
 of the Tear 
 
 L E T~
 
 16 LETTERS Writ fy Vol. 111. 
 
 LETTER V. 
 
 To Shafhim Iftham, a Black Eunuch. 
 
 AT length thou haft condefcended to beg 
 my Pardon, for the Calumnies thy Tongue 
 has loaded me with. I am not ill pleafed with 
 thy Letter. It abounds with elegant Expreffions 
 of thy Sorrow, for an Offence to which thou 
 hadft no Provocation. Thy Submifilon, though 
 late, abates my Refentment; and, if thou per- 
 formed thy Promife, 'tis banifhed. The firft 
 Crime fo ingenuoufly acknowledged, claims a Ti- 
 tle to Forgivenefs. Let eternal Oblivion feal 
 it. I am not by Nature revengeful. I rather 
 blufh for Shame, than grow pale with Anger, at 
 him that injures me Yet Self-Prefervation will 
 rouze our Choler, which is the moft aclive Hu- 
 mour, and precipitates many to violent Courfes. 
 The Effeft it has on me is to put me on my 
 guard, left he who has wronged me, without 
 any Signs of Repentance, fliould continue his 
 Malice to my Deftruftion. But thou haft dif- 
 perfed all my Sufpicions by thy feafonable Ad- 
 drefs; and if I cannot pronounce thee innocent, 
 I will believe thou art not Incorrigible. The beftr 
 Advice I can give thee is, henceforwards to 
 attend to thy own Affairs, and refrain from thofe 
 of others ; remembring the drabi** Proverb, He 
 that fetfi in At bts Neighbour'} Window, may 
 chance tt lofe bis Eyes. There is a great deal of 
 Wifdom couch'd in thefe fhort Sentences. They 
 are not theProduft of one Man's Experience, nor 
 of a fev ; but they are the Refult of univerfal 
 Obfervation. And our Conntry has been happy 
 above others in the Choice of her Prtvtrbt. This 
 
 that
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 17 
 
 that I mention'd is peculiar to the Eafl, Yet I 
 can produce an Inftance, whereby 'twas lately 
 Verified in the Weft. 
 
 There is hardly a Night palfes in this populous 
 City, wherein feme Murder is not committed in 
 the Streets. Two Nights ago a Man was found 
 dead on the Ground ; whereupon a Tumult was 
 gather d about his bleeding Carcafe. Amongft 
 the reft, a Fellow came crowding in, inquisitive 
 what fhould be the macter. Thofe who (rood by 
 beholding his Cloaths bloody, which he was not 
 lenlible of himfelf, iei/ed on him as the Murde- 
 rer. His wild Looks encreaied their Jealoufy; 
 and the incoherent Words with which he endea- 
 vour'd to excuie himfelf. render'd him guilty in 
 the Judgment of the Rabble They carried him 
 before a C*di, by whom he was ftriftly exa- 
 min'd : He ftoutly denied the Faft ; and no- 
 Proof could be brought againft him, but his 
 ftained Cloaths. 'Tis the Cuftom here, to put to 
 the Torture Perfons fufpefted of capital Crimes, 
 in order to draw a Confeflion of the Truth. 
 This they did to this poor Wretch ; and in 
 the Extremity of his Pains, he acknowledged 
 he had killed his Wife that Evening , but 
 was altogether innocent of this poor Man's 
 Death , who was murder'd in the Streets. All 
 the Torments they inflicted, could force no other 
 Confeflion from him, fave that which his real 
 Guilt prompted him to make. For which he 
 was condemned to Death, according to the Laws. 
 Thou feeft by this, that had he gone about his 
 Bufmefs, without prying into other Mens Mat- 
 ters, he might have efcaped a Difcovery. But 
 that meddling Itch of the Imprudent betray'd 
 him (not without the particular Direction of 
 FtKt) to a Death, which indeed he merited, but 
 
 not
 
 1 8 L.ETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 not on the Score f the murder'd Man, whom he 
 Went out of his way to. fee. 
 
 Thou wilt fay, this Story is not applicable t;o 
 thy Cafe, fince thou haft never yet embru'd thy 
 Hands in any Man's Blood. I tell thee, what I 
 have faid, was not defign'd as a Reflexion on thy 
 paft Offence (let it be forgotten ;) but as a Caution 
 for the future, not to engage thy felf in Matters 
 out of rhy Sphere. For, a bufie Body is never 
 ithout Troubles. 
 
 Above all, I counfel thee, to pra&ife the Go- 
 vernment of the Tongue, which is a great Vertue, 
 efpecialJy in the Court: of Princes. The Arabian! 
 fay, That the Wife Man's Soul repoftt at the Rcot of 
 bis Tongue; but, a FooVt is ever Dancing en ihs 
 Tip 
 
 Thou haft no reafon to take in ill part, the Free- 
 dom with which I advife thee for thy Good : Un- 
 lefs thou thinkeft thy felf too old to learn. But, I 
 have a better Opinio'n of thee, than to rank thee 
 among Pythagoras's Afles. 
 
 I have faid enough for a Friend ; too much for 
 an Enemy. It is in thy own Choice to make me 
 which thou pleafeft. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, 4 # of the 8th Moon, 
 of the Tear 1645. 
 
 LETTER VI 
 
 To Zelim of Rhodes, Captain of a Galley. 
 
 r T~ T H O U haft never vouchsafed to acknow- 
 
 1 ledge the Advice I fent thre fome Years 
 
 ago, of a Ckriftians Defign againft thy Lite. 
 
 Perhaps he wanted an Opportunity, to put his 
 
 Revenge
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 19 
 
 Revenge in Execution that way ; and therefore* 
 the Caution I gave thee looked like a falfe Alarm* 
 Thou trufteft in thy Courage, the Strength of thy 
 VefTel, the Multitude and Fidelity of thy Slaves, 
 and thinkeft thy felf invulnerable. But, let me 
 tell thee, that neither thy Courage, nor thy 
 VeflTel, can defend thee from the strike of De- 
 fliny ; and thou haft no greater Enemies than thofe 
 who eat thy Bread. Whether it be the Continu- 
 ance of thy Cruelty, or the natural Regret.of Ser- 
 vitude has rendered them ib, I know not ; but, 
 if what I am informed of be true, thou art the 
 miferableft Man in the World. Wert thou only 
 in Danger to lofe thy Life by a Stab, a Bullet, 
 or the fwift Effefts of Poifon, it would be a 
 Happinefs, in Comparifon of the Method that is 
 now taken to deftroy thee. And the invifible 
 Death which thou wert formerly to receive from 
 a Prayer-Book, would have bees loft as the Stroke 
 of CttpicFs Arrow, in Refpect of the Tragical and 
 Unheard of F*te, which is now preparing for thee. 
 Think not I go about to amufe-or affright thee 
 with Chimeras and Tales, fuch as Nurfes ufe to 
 awe their Children Into Compliance and good 
 Manners. What I tell thee is Matter of Faft, 
 and confirmed by many Letters from Italy, to fe- 
 veral eminent Merchant > in Parts, I have feen fome 
 of them, and hear that the reft agree in the fame 
 Relation. 
 
 ^ They give an Account, that at Nf>le>, on the 
 fecond of the laft Moon, three Witcbet were feiz- 
 ed, and accufcd of praftifing diabolieal Arts ; 
 of enchanting feveral Perfons ; of doing great 
 Mifchief ; and, in fine, of having private Com- 
 merce with the Devil. They ftoutly denied all 
 at firft, and made very fubtle and plaufible Apo- 
 logies. Infomuch, as the Inquifitors were almoft 
 perfuaded of their Innocence ; till it was fug- 
 
 gefted,
 
 ^o LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 gefted, that their Houfes (hould be fearch'd. O/. 
 fistrs were fent accordingly ; who after a narrow 
 Scrutiny, found fome magical Books, fevcral 
 Vials of ftrange Liquors, Pots of Ointment, 
 with an Image of Wax, refembling a Man, but 
 partly melted. There were imprinted on the 
 Breaft of the Image feveral unknown Characters, 
 Figures and magical Symbols : And on the Fore- 
 head was to be read Z L I M E BE N S/f- 
 G R A N. All thefe were brought, and expofed 
 before the Inejuifittrs (of whofe Office thou art 
 not ignorant) great Deliberation was had about 
 this unufual Emergency. The Imaum: and Chelks 
 were fent for and confulted. The Witchet were 
 examined apart, and put to the Torture, as is 
 the Cuftom in Capital Crimes. Admirable was 
 their Conftancy for a confiderable Time ; but ac 
 length, overcome by the Continuance and Sharp- 
 nefs of their Pains, they confelTed they had for 
 fome Years praftifed mtgiek Arts, convers'd with 
 fni\i*r Spirits, raifed Tempefts, Earthquakes, 
 and done other -wicked Feats. Being examined 
 about the Image of Wax, they declared, That ic 
 Was the Image of a Turkifi Captain of a Galley, 
 whofe Name was written on the Forehead : And 
 that they were hired by certain lt*lian>, who had 
 been Slaver in the Galley of the faid Captain, to 
 bewitch him to Death, in the moft lingring Me- 
 thod they could invent ; that in order to this, 
 they had made this Image ; that every Night 
 they met together, with a fourth of their Gang, 
 (who was not to be found) and made a Fire of 
 the Bones of dead Men, which they ftole from 
 the Graves and Ckarncl-H3*ft!. That they laid 
 this Image dewn at a convenient Diftance before 
 this Fire, repeating certain magical Words and 
 Charms ; and, as this Image gradually melted, fo 
 the Body of the faid Turkijh Captain did infenfi- 
 
 bly
 
 Vol. III. * SPY at PARTS. 2,1 
 
 fibly wafte and decay. And, to add to his lin- 
 gring Death an intolerable Torment, they ba 
 fted the melting Image with the Oils, and other 
 Liquors which were contained in the Vials and 
 Pots : That by this Means he was perpetually 
 racked with moft pungent and acute Pains in 
 his Bowels, Head, and all Parts of his Body, ra- 
 ging under moft violent Fevers, infatiable Third, 
 and want of Sleep Finally, that this lingring 
 kind of Death would continue, as long as they 
 pleas'd to protraQ: the DifTolution of the waxen 
 
 This Cenfejpon, tho' extorted from the Witcket 
 In the midft of infufferable Torments, yet was de- 
 Kver'd without any Inconfiftences, and with all 
 the Demon ftrat ions of a real Penitente. And be- 
 ing feconded with the Teftimonies of many ere- 
 dible Witnefles, who had overfeen them in fomc 
 of their nsfiu^nal Ceremonies; the Irnjui(itors, mo- 
 Ved with a juft Horror of fo nefandous Abomina- 
 tions, fentenced them, To be burnt, and their 
 dfhet to be fcacterea Into the Sea. Which was ac- 
 cordingly executed on the fixth of the laft Moon, 
 in the Prefence of infinite Spectators. 
 
 The News of this extraordinary Event is frefh 
 in the Mouths of almoft all the Inhabitants of this 
 City ; yet no Man, I dare fay, hears it with that 
 Concern for the Turkifl) Captain, as I do. Even 
 thole among the Chriftians who abhor Witckcrtft, 
 would neverthelefs rejoice, if not only thou, but 
 all the Muff#lm*nj were deftroyed with Enchant- 
 ments ; fince they can never hope it will come to 
 pafs by the Succcfs of their Arms. 
 
 I am not credulous of every Story that is rela- 
 ted of Witchei, being fatisfied, that Superttition 
 and Ignorance has lifted many in that infernal 
 Number, who were innocent and never deferved 
 it ; fome having been forced by Racks and Tor- 
 
 tures
 
 x z LETTERS Writ ly Vol. 
 
 tures, to confefs themfelves guilty of pracrifing 
 Enchantments, when, after their Execution, there 
 have appeared evident Proofs to the contrary. 
 Vet I cannot be fure, but that there have been 
 fome in all Ages and Nations, who have entered 
 into Leagues and AHociations with Dtvili. and 
 have been enabled thereby to perform Things a- 
 bove the Power of Nature. However, I have a 
 particular Delire to hear from thee, and to be 
 informed, whether thou haft experienced the Ef- 
 feft of their Enchantments. If thou haft not, blefs 
 thy Stars that thou wert born and bred a Mvjfitl- 
 man, againft whom the Magick of the Infidels can- 
 not prevail ; and that thou haft fwallowed the 
 Iw^rtjjlon of Mahomet^ Seal, which is of Force to 
 diffolve and make invalid, all the Charms of 
 Men and Dtvih. But if thou haft felt the Force 
 of their Enchantments, and pineft away with un- 
 accountable Pains and Languors; then think 
 with thy felf that thou art defective in keeping 
 fome Pant of our Holj L*u> ; that Mahotntt is 
 angry with thee, withdraws his Protection, and 
 expofes thee to the Malice of Evil Spirits. Nei. 
 ther perfuade thy felf, that becaufe the three 
 Witches are put to Death, thou ihah prefently re- 
 cover thy former Health and Eafe again : For, 
 fo long as there is a fourth living, and out of 
 the reach of Jnftice thou art not lafe. Nay, rf 
 fhe were taken and executed too, fo long as thy 
 Enemies are yet alive, who firft employed thele 
 H*gi, thou art ftill at their Mercy. They will 
 fearch every corner of Italy, and of all &urtpt, t 
 but they will find Inftruments of their Revenge. 
 They will rummage Hell itfelf, to gratify their 
 Fury. The beft Counfd I can give thee in this 
 Cafe is, To pacify thine Enemies, by extraordi- 
 nary Ats of Civility to the Chn'flitnr, where- 
 ver thou meeteft them j by ufing thy slaves 
 
 mildly,
 
 Vol. III. aSpY at -PARIS* xj 
 
 mildly, and giving them their Freedom, after a 
 limited time of Service, without exafting a Ran- 
 fom, which neither they nor their Relations and 
 Friends can ever be able to pay. This will abate 
 the Rancour of the Infidels, and turn their Re- 
 venge into Kindnefs and Love. Thou wilt every 
 where be free from Dangers ; and thofe very 
 Perfons, who now ftudy all means to take away 
 thy Life, will then hazard their own to preferve 
 thee from Death. 
 
 Think not that I go about to perfwade thee to 
 change Temper with thy Slavtt , and from the 
 Refolution and Bravery of a true Mu/u/man, to 
 fink into the abjeft Timoroufnefs of a Ckriftian, 
 Be fearful only of thy felf, and ftand in Awe of 
 none more than of thy own Conscience. There 
 is a Cat in every Man, a few ere Gtnftr of his 
 Manner t ; and he that reverences this Judge, will 
 feldom do any thing he need to repent of. Let 
 not the Authority of any Station, rempt thee to 
 be cruel aad unjuft j but, in all things, Do as thou 
 wottldft be done unto. This is a Precept engraven 
 on every Man's Heart ; and he whofe Aftions 
 write after this Copy, will always be at eafe here, 
 and tranfcendantly b*ffy hereafter. Follow this 
 Rule , and thou wilt experience the Effift. 
 Adieu. 
 
 Paris, i/J of the $th Mttit t I 
 
 f the Tear 1645. 
 
 LET-
 
 14 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill* 
 
 LETTER VII. 
 
 To the Invincible Vizir Azem. 
 
 IF one may judge of future Events , by app'y- 
 ing to them the Symptoms of Things part ; 
 and if a Man may compare one Kingdom with 
 another, I fhould think that Fr*nce will in time 
 extend the Limitt of her Empire, as far any of 
 the four great Monarchies, that have been recorded 
 in Hiftoria for their unive-fal Sway. I will not fay, 
 as far as the wide-ftretch'd Empire of the ever- 
 vi&orious Ofmans Yet the Genius of this Nation 
 feems in fome manner to infpire the French with 
 as ardent a Thirft of Glory and Conqueft, as that 
 which has in all Ages appear'd to be the infepertble 
 Virtue of the Mujfulmans. They prefs ^forward 
 to the Mark for which they take up Arms; that 
 is, to fubdue all before them, an-d lay Kingdoms, 
 Provinces and Cities, at the Feet of their Sove- 
 reign. They are not difcr-uragcd at Difficulties 
 and LofTes. The Checks and Oppositions they 
 meet with, do but animate them with new and 
 frefh Vigours. So that it isiecome a fure Prog- 
 noftick of fome .great Succefs to that Nation, 
 when at any time they receive ill News from 
 their Armies. In this, their Courage feems to be 
 of the Quality of N*pth*, which by pouring on 
 of Water takes Fire, although, thou knoweft, 
 thefe two Elements be contrary to each other. So 
 this Warlike People, inftead of being deje&ed, or 
 made timorous by any Defeat given to their Ar- 
 mies, :are rather inflam'd with more acVive and 
 valiant Refolutions, as will appear by the Repulfe 
 given them by the Duke of Bavari*, not many 
 ago. 
 
 As
 
 Vol.111." a SPY at PARIS, a,? 
 
 As foon as that News arrived in this Citf , one 
 would have expe&ed to have feen feme Tokens 
 of Fear in the People, but it wrought a con- 
 trary Effeft. No Tears of Women and Children, 
 no compaflionate Sighs for their flain Husbands, 
 Fathers or other Relations ; no down-caft Looks, 
 or ominous fhaking of Heads ; no melancholy 
 Whifpers or portentous Stories were murmured 
 in the Ears of the Multitude : But all Things 
 appeared lively and profperous ; the very Wo- 
 men exciting the young Men to lift themfelves 
 Soldiers, and the Boys in the Streets making 
 all their PafHmes condft in imitating the Mtn 
 of dims, and learning the Dtfcipline gf War. 
 There was no need to force Men to the Field. 
 No fooner was the King's Intentions to raife new 
 Forces divulged in the Provinces, but thoufands 
 caraie voluntarily, and took up Arms, chufing 
 rathor to feek honourable Deaths in the Toils 
 and Hazards of War, than to lead ingloriousr 
 Lives at Home, in the foft Enjoyments of 
 Peace 
 
 Thefe Things appeared to me as certain Pre 
 fages of the riling Greatnefs of this Monarch j, 
 and an evident Sign that the French Nation in 
 this Age, Hull out-do their Anceftort in Warlike 
 Deeds. 
 
 The Stage of that bloody Combat, between the 
 Forces of the Duke of Bavaria, and thofe under 
 the Command of Marefchal Turenne, was Mergeri* 
 theim . Since which there has been a more fierce 
 Encounter between the Frtnfh and Imperialist 
 at Me-fisim. Wherein the former have reco- 
 vered the Honour they feemed to have loft in 
 the Spring, owing much to the Bravery of the 
 Landgrave of Hife-CaJfsl, who, with his Regi. 
 meats, had a confiderable Share in the A&ions 
 fcf this Day j and therefore has been prefented 
 
 C with
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol . III. 
 
 with magnificent Gifts by the Queen Regent. The 
 Bavarians loftinthis Battle above Two thoufand 
 common Soldiers, belides may Officers of Note. 
 On the French fide, the Duke of Enguitn (who 
 , had newly joined his Forces to thofe of Turenne) 
 was wounded in the Arm, with two other Com. 
 manders. Mon/ieur Grammtnil was taken Prifoner, 
 but honourablytreated and fent away with Pre- 
 fents by the Duke of Bavaria, together with In- 
 ftruftions about a Neutrality, who is exchanged 
 for a German of equal Quality. The Frtnch have 
 alfo loft in this Battle above a Thoufand of the 
 common Soldiers j fo that their Viftory coft them 
 dear 
 
 The Duke of Enguien, notwithftanding his 
 Wounds, marches on the next Day with his Army 
 to Norltnghen, offering to that Town a Neutrality 
 and Liberty for the Garrifon to march out, which 
 confifted of Three hundred Bavarian}. But re- 
 ceiving a fierce Anfwer from the Governour, he 
 caufed the Approaches to be made in order to an 
 Aflault, which was begun that very Night, and a 
 Breach made in the Walls ; upon which the Inha- 
 bitants were forced to intercede with the Duke, 
 that there might be a CefTation of Violence till 
 the next Morning, promifing that then the Sol- 
 diers mould furrender at Difcretion ; which was 
 done accordingly. 
 
 There he tarried eight Days to refresh his 
 
 Army. Then he marched to Dtmienffnk, which 
 
 was defended by a Garrifon of Five hundred 
 
 Bavarians. He took this Place by Storm, yet 
 
 gave Quarters to the Soldiers, who kid down 
 
 their Arms, and yielded themfelves Prifoners. 
 
 __ Leaving a Garrifon of three hundred French in the 
 
 " Town, he removed his -Forces toward Heilbnn. 
 
 But in regard this Place was defended "by Fifteen 
 
 hundred Men he forbore to aflault it, and only 
 
 quartered
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 17 
 
 quartered his Army in the neighbouring Villa- 
 ges. 
 
 Since that Time, which was about the middle 
 of the laft Mam, there has been no confiderable 
 Action between the F inch and the Germans. Yen 
 thofs who pretend to be vers'd in military Affairs, 
 iau<r,h at the ill Conduct of the drch-Dnke Leopold, 
 who when he had the French fhut up in a narrow 
 Streight^ through which it was impoflible for them 
 to pafs but by (ingle Files, neglected that Oppor- 
 tunity to cut them off, deferring the Victory 
 (whereof he was too fecure) till the next Day, 
 by reafon of the prefent Wearinefs of his Soldi- 
 ers. In the mean Time Tureanr, with his whole 
 Army, pafs'd the Strtight in the middle of the 
 Night, and came to Philipiburgh. 
 
 This Overfight of the General is much talk'd of 
 becaufe, had he purfued his Advantage he had noc 
 only entirely defeated the French, but in all pro- 
 bability, falling with the whole Force of the w- 
 fire on the Swedet, he had likewife vanquifhed 
 them, and fo put an End to the War. But ic 
 feems as if the infc>u'ble Prudence had deter- 
 mined to infatuate the Minds of the Germans, and 
 seferve thofe two potent Nations, their Enemies, 
 to be a farther Scourge to the Empire. 
 
 Adieu, great Guardian of the eternal Monarch}, 
 and believe Mahmut, when he folemnly fwears by 
 Meant Sinai, and by the tcn:h Night of the Moon, 
 that he adores thy confummate Virtue and Wif- 
 dom, which never fail thee in Extremities. 
 
 Paris, Bth of the $tk Mton, 
 / the Tear 164 5 
 
 C 2 LET-
 
 2.S L T T E R S Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER VIII. 
 
 To Cara Halt, a Phyfician at Con- 
 ftantmople. 
 
 I AM weary of writing News of Battles an3 
 I Sieges to the Grandees ; and I know, thou 
 ieldom troubleft thy felf with the Care of foreign 
 Tran factions. Befides, I have no certain Intelli- 
 gence of Moment to communicate. But I can 
 acquaint thee with fomething more agreeable to 
 thy Studies and Genius. 
 
 Here is a Man in this City who was not born 
 blind, but by fome ill hap loft the Ufe of his 
 Eyes. Yet Nature feems to have recompenfed 
 that Misfortune, in the Exquifitenefs of his FecL 
 ing. Thou wouldeft fay he carried Eyes in his 
 Fingers ends, fince he diftinguiftes thole Things 
 by his Touch, which are the only proper Objecls 
 of Siftht. Believe me, I think, there can te no 
 Deceit of Confederacy, whereby he might blind 
 others, iniread of being fo himfelf. I fa\v him. 
 muffled! up with a Napkin which covered all his 
 Face, then divers Pieces of E*ftem Silks, of va- 
 rious Colours, were laid on the Table before 
 him. He felt them attentively, and told us the 
 Colour of each Piece exaftly. I who was never 
 over-credulous of extraordinary Pretences, fufc 
 pefting that either the Finenefs of the Linen 
 which veiled his Face, might give him fome 
 Glimpfe of the different Colours, or that fome 
 By {rand er, with appointed Signs, might inform 
 him, caufed all the Company to withdraw, except 
 a learned Dervife, who was intimate with me. 
 We threv & thick Velvet Mantle over his Face 
 which reached down to his Navel, girding it 
 
 about
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 19 
 
 about his Waift, fo as to leave his Arms at Li- 
 berty. Then I procured finall Shreds of Silks, 
 fuch as I could conceal in the Palm of my Hand: 
 Thefe I caufed him to touch with his hingers, 
 brought up as high as his Chin, fo that 'twas im- 
 poflible for him to fee them, had he had the Ufe 
 of his Eyes ; yet he made not the leaft Miftake 
 in five feveral Colours We changed the Order of 
 the Silks, and fometimes gave him the fame Piece 
 four or five limes together; yet, as foon as he 
 had felt it, he readily told us, 'twas the fame 
 Colour. 
 
 I tell thee, O learnad Haft, fuch an uncommon 
 Experiment, afforded me Matter both of Delight 
 and Wonder. I concluded from hence, that Na- 
 ture is no Niggard in her Gifts, but fupplies the 
 Defeirs of oneSenfe, by the Super- abundant Ac- 
 curacy of another. We asked this blind Perfan, 
 By what Diftinfticn he thus knew one Colour 
 from another, without the Help of his Eyes He 
 was not able to exprefs the particular Manner of 
 this difcriminaring ienfaticn ; but only told us in 
 general, that he felt as much Difference between 
 the -std Silk and black, as he had formerly done 
 during the Enjoyment of his Eye fight, between 
 the Siikf of Pcrfia, and the fine Linen of Europe ; 
 Which, thou knoweft, are as different to the 
 Touch as fine Paper and Vellum. 
 
 Thou that daily pryeft into the Faculties of 
 Humane Bodies, art better able to judge whether 
 this Man's Excellency lay in the Tenuity and 
 Finenefs of his Skin, the Subtilty of his Spirits, 
 or fome unufual, powerful, yet delicate Lnergy 
 of his Soul ; or, whether it confiiled in all thefe . 
 together. 
 
 The Dervife who was with me, feemed not 
 much to admire at this rare Quality of the blind 
 Man: Telling me moreover, lhat about ten. 
 C 3 Years
 
 30 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Years ago in his Travels, he had feen a blind Sta- 
 tuarj at Florence, who undertook to make the Re- 
 lemblance of an Image in the chief Tsmplc of that 
 City, which he finifh'd fo much to the Life, that 
 his Work could no otherwile be diftinguifh'd from 
 the Original, than by the Difference of the Ma- 
 terials, that being Alabafter, &// white Clay; which 
 he ib tempered and moulded with his Fingers, as 
 he continually felt of the other, that no Linea- 
 jnent was left unexprefs'd. 
 
 Indeed, when I reflected en our Mtttes in the 
 Seraglio, and the unaccountable Sagacity with 
 which they apprehended thofe Words which they 
 never heard, I ceas'd to be furprized at what I 
 Iiad feen the blind Man perform, or what the Der- 
 wife had faid of the Statuary. I remember in Sa/- 
 t9 dmurarh's Time there was a Mute, in whom 
 the Grand Signior took infinite Delight For, be- 
 fides a tlioufand pretty Geftures and Tricks, with 
 which ihe ufed to divert that Ptince, he often 
 made her his Secretary t employing her in writing 
 Letters to his B*(f*'s and others, whilft he difta- 
 ted to her by Signs. Although fhe could never 
 receive the Sound of Words, nor utter any tha 
 were articulate ; yet I have feen her tranfcribe 
 a whole Chapter in the AUoran, containing a hun- 
 dred and feventy yerficles, in as fine a Character, 
 as the moft celebrated Scribei of the Empire ; and 
 xv hen flie had done, would explain what fhe had 
 thus written by Signs, which made it evident 
 that ft e perre&iy underftood the 4lco;an. 
 
 Theie are rare Gifts, my Friend ; yet were all 
 the Mutei educated with as much Diligence and 
 Care, as was Ssqvefia, (fo (he was called) 'tis pof- 
 fibie they would attain to greater Perfection- I 
 have been told, that her Tu:v, one of the learn- 
 ed'ft Men in Arabia, beftowed many Years in. 
 teaching her this Method of Reading, Under- 
 Handing and Writing. This
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS.- ^r 
 
 This puts me in mind of a Man who was bred 
 a Mahometan, but being taken Captive by the 
 French, embraced their Religion, not in his Heart, 
 but only in outward Profeflion. When I firft 
 ca-me to Parif, I fell into his Company by acci- 
 dent, and underftanding that he was an *fncn t 
 I defired to ask him fume Queftions, but he was 
 dumb, fo that I had almoft laid afide my Hopes 
 of converfing with him ; till perceiving that he 
 moved his Lips, and opened his Mouth as one 
 that was talking, I offered him Pen, Ink, and Pa- 
 per, making Signs to him, that I would gladly 
 know his Mind in Writing. He accordingly writ 
 in Morefco, That he was ftruck deaf and dumb 
 about eighteen Years fince ; telling me alfo the 
 Place of his Nativity, and how he came hither ; 
 I took the Pen, and in rhe fame Language ex- 
 prels'd my Companion of his Misfortunes. When 
 he faw that I underftood Manfco, he writ again, 
 fignifying to me, That if I opened my Mouth 
 wide at the pronouncing of every Syllable, he. 
 could underftand my Meaning by the Pofture of 
 my Lips and Tongue. I found his Words true, 
 to my no fniall Admiration; for he would write 
 down what I had faid. We converfed together 
 often; and at length I procured his Efcape in 
 the Retinue of a Chiaus that was returning from 
 hence to Ctnfttminople. 
 
 I befeech the wife Jrchitetr of Nature, and Re- 
 pairer of Humane Dtfeffi, either to continue to us 
 the Ufe of our Seafes, or to fupply that Want by 
 fome fuperlative Endowments of the Mind. 
 
 Paris, 2 otk tf the $;h Moon, 
 of the Year 164$. 
 
 L E T-
 
 3* LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER IX. 
 
 To Ufeph Baffa. 
 
 THOU wilt fay, I am unmindful of my 
 Duty in not congratulating thy new Honour 
 before this ; and that I forget the good Offices 
 which formerly pafs'd between us in the Seraglio. 
 1 tell thee my Obligations are infinite, not only 
 to thee, but to many others of my -Friends at 
 the Port: It is impoflible for me to acquit my 
 Self of fo many Engagements. As for the Dignity 
 to which the Sult*n has raifed thee, I received 
 the firft News of it within thefe fourteen Days. 
 And I dare affirm, That none of thy Friends, or 
 of thofe whofe Dependence is on thee, could 
 with greater Complacency behold thee vefted 
 by our moft avguft Emperor, than I read the Let- 
 ter which conveyed to me this welcome Intelli- 
 gence. 
 
 Long mayeft thou live to enjoy the Bleflings 
 which thy good Fortune has heaped en thee. 
 Yet I counfel thee to enjoy them fo, as not to 
 forget thou muft die- Let not the Grandeur of 
 thy Station render thee proud and wilful : But 
 remember, when thou art furrounded with a 
 Crowd of adorning Suppliants, that Death ft all 
 level thee with the meauft or* thy Slaver. Thus 
 the ancient Ptiilofophen fpared not to perform the 
 Office of Monitors to their Kings and Princes : 
 And I hope thou wilt not take in ill Part the 
 wholefcme Advice of Mahmvt, who difcovers a 
 Temper void of Hypocrify, in the Freedom lie 
 afTumes. If thou giveft Ear to Flatterers, they 
 will complement thee to thy Ruin ; and when 
 thou art on the Brink of a Precipice, they
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 33 
 
 will perfwade thee there is no Danger, though, 
 if thou goeft on, they know thy Fall is inevi- 
 table. They will pride themfelves in the l>x- 
 terity of their Malice, and infult ever thee with." 
 fcornful Strctfmt, whom not long ago they ido- 
 lized. 
 
 The eminent Command thou haft, requires 
 thy frequent Prefence in the jo-vtrtign Divan: 
 And that thou may'ft not fit there, onJy as aa- 
 Auditor of other Men's Counfels, and incapable 
 of making one in the Number of thofe, who - 
 become remarkable by their Orations, or Re. 
 ports of foreign Events; I will now enter- 
 tain thee with fome PaiTages, which have - 
 happened in Europe fmce the Beginning of this 
 Year, whereof the other Bajfr's may poflibly be 
 ignorant. 
 
 The Diet of francfvrt, which had continued for 
 three Years, was diffolved on the 1 2th of the 
 4th Moon. This may be known at the Port, while - 
 they remain Strangers to the Reafon of it. There . 
 are a fort of Cbriftfa*; in Germany, whom they 
 call Evtngelicki. Thefe are oppofite to the Roma* 
 Chic-ch, both in Religion and Intercft j and their - 
 Caufe is chiefly efpoufed by the Dukes of Saxcny 
 and Brtndevburgh. It was to comply .with thefe, 
 that an dtfembly was appointed at Ofnaburgh ; but . 
 the Emperor and the Catholickt were either for - 
 continuing that at Francfart, or tranflating it to 
 Munfter. While the contending Parties were 
 bickering, and ftrivingto gain their feveral Ends,- 
 the Deputy of the Duke of Bavaria, tired OUt- 
 with fuch intolerable Delays, departed from. 
 Francfort, whom the reft of the Deputies followed.. 
 And this thou mayeft report for the true Occafion 
 of the Dijfilutian of t at Diet. 
 
 Thus, at the Beginning of the Year, the Dif_ 
 putes which thofe Irfdels raifed about fafe Con 
 C y duft"
 
 ;4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. TIL 
 
 duft, Exaftnefs of Titles, Priority of Addrefs, 
 and many other vain PMflih'o's, hindered them 
 from coming to any Conclusion about a Peace, 
 wh ch was the principal Caufe of theiraffembling. 
 And this is a Folly peculiar to the tfazarener, that 
 in a 1 publick s.ffcmb'iei the very Strength and Vi- 
 rals of their Counfels, are fpent in a vain adjuft- 
 ing of mpty Ceremcnt'ei. 
 
 it is credibly reported here, That the King of 
 Poland earneftly folicites a Match with Queen 
 Chnjlina of Swedeland, but has not hitherto had 
 any pofitive Anfwer, or effefted any thing in it. 
 In the fecond Moon of this Year, that Queen lent 
 an simbe/ador, to give the King of Poland an ac- 
 count, That flie had taken the Govonmtnt upon 
 her While he : tarried in the Pali/h Court, there 
 were not wanting fuch, as by the King's Order, 
 fifted his Inclination, in Reference to this Affair. 
 It was propofed to him that this Match would be 
 u happy Occaflon to unite the two Kingdoms in 
 a firm and durable League : That the Evange- 
 iicks in Poland would be much eafed thereby : 
 That Ultdifiatts was not much decayed in his natu- 
 ral Vigour : That Smtdcland might in the mean 
 while be governed by the Council ; with many 
 other Propofals and Encouragements to this Pur- 
 pofe. Among which I muft not omit, that it 
 \vas fuggefted, how eafy 'twould be for two fuch 
 potent Crowns, in Cwjunftion, not only to hum- 
 ble the Germans, but alfo to put a Stop to the 
 Victorious Arms of the Ottoman Empire. But 
 all this came to nothing , that wary Queen fu- 
 fpecling that there was a deeper Defign in the 
 Courtfhip of this old Fox; and that by fuch a 
 M*:ck, the Kingdom of Swtdtland, in Default of 
 the ijfui Royal, might be fubjeCted to a 
 
 However,
 
 Vol.111, a SPY at PARIS. 3^ 
 
 However, it is eafy to apprehend from this. 
 that if the Poles maintain at prefent their Accord 
 with the fukhrne Port, 'tis for want of Strength to- 
 break it ; and that they only wait an Opportunity 
 to make fome potent and firm Alliance, which* 
 may fecond the Defigns formed by that Conn a- 
 gainft the frft Throne on Earth, whereof thou art 
 one of the principal Pillars. 
 
 Remain firm in thy Station, and let neither the 
 Tempefts of War, nor the Convulfions of State, 
 which are the too frequent Products of Peace, 
 lhake thy Confrancy. But above all, fuffer not 
 thy Integrity, which is the Bafit of all Virtue^ to 
 be undcrmin'd by Bnbes. 
 
 If thou followed this Counfel, Go^and his Pro. 
 ;>*<?rflialleftablifh thee, all Men will honour thee, 
 thy Sovereign fhail exalt thee ; and Mahmut will 
 rejoice to fee thee in Time become the Atltn of 
 the Eternal Em fire. 
 
 Paris, <yth nf the ioih 
 of thi Tear 
 
 LETTER X, 
 
 T Ichingi Cap* Oglani > Praecepcor to 
 the Royal Pages of the Seraglio. 
 
 THERE is a vaft Difference between thy 
 Letter, and that of Shajhtm Iftham. He is 
 eloquent in the Acknowledgment of his Crime , 
 thou rhetorical in thyownjuftification. Thou haft 
 plundered Demojllienessuid Cicero, and robb'd em of 
 all the Flowers and Trtpgs of Oratory, to drefs up a 
 faint , lifelefs Excufe. Siich an artificial Apology, 
 inftead of cancelling, heightens thy Offence H 
 
 might
 
 36 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 might have procured thee the Applaufe of the 
 Academy ; but it comes fhortof giving me Satisfa- 
 ftion for the Injuries I have received at thy 
 Hands. I have Reafon to efteem them fuch ; be- 
 caufe fo defign'd, altho' they tsok no Effeft. For 
 Wrongs of this kind ought to be meafured by the 
 Intention of the Author, not by their Succefs. 
 The Minijlen of the Divan will hardly be pre. 
 vailed to fufptd Mahmue, who has given fubftan- 
 rial Proofs of his Fidelity. 
 
 Tell me, in the Name of God and Mthomet, 
 what was the Motive that induced thee to flan- 
 der me ? Wherein have I merited this Perfecutioa 
 at thy Hands? It could not be Revenge, be- 
 caufe I never gave the Occafion ; unleis thou 
 iHll retaineft a Grudge on the Score of my Study- 
 ing in the Academies ; and that at my Return from 
 Paltrmo, thou wert not able to expofe me in the 
 Prefence of the Mufti, in any Point of Lan- 
 guage or Learning. But I had rather charitably 
 believe 'twas thy Ambition, not thy Malice, which 
 gave Birth to thofe Calumnies thou haft ventured 
 againft me. Thou envieft me the Honour of 
 ferving the Grand Seignior in this Station, think- 
 ing thy felf capable of difcharging this Office 
 more fuccefsfully than Mahmut. I cenfure not thy 
 Abilities; but think 'tis beft for every Man to 
 be content with his own Condition, fince Dtfliny 
 diftributes the Employments of the World a- 
 mong Men, by Rules into which we cannot pc. 
 netrate. 
 
 Thou art Matter of the frexc h Tongue ; but 
 doft thou think that a complete Qualification 
 for a Man in my Poft ? Art thou fit to converfe in 
 the Ctun of a foreign Prince, who canft not go* 
 vern thy Tongue in that of thy native Sove- 
 reign ? Thou art yet to learn a Curtier's Mafter- 
 piece, which is, To diflemble even the neceflkry 
 
 Art
 
 Vol. TIL 'a SPY at PAR'IS. 37 
 
 Arc of Diflimulation. That is, as the drahanf 
 fay, To have * Peilupon a Veil; or as the Italians, 
 To have a Matk with * natural Face on the out/id*. 
 Tho\i art fo far from this, that thou canft not 
 yet draw perfectly the firft rough Strokes of aCoun- 
 terfcit. 
 
 To fpeak plain, hadft thou by any artificial 
 feigning of Friendfliip to me, made Way to inli- 
 nuate thy Story into the Belief of the Grander s, 
 thou mighteft have praifed me to my Ruin. 
 But to go bluntly to Work, without preventive 
 Encomiums, difcovered at once the Weaknefs of 
 rhy Judgment, and the Strength cf thy Paffion ; 
 giving the Mlniften Occafion to-rhink there was 
 lefs of Truth, than of Defign in thy Accufa- 
 tions. 
 
 For the future, I advife thee to mind thy Books 
 and Scholars, and meddle not with Maktnut, 
 whofe Bufinefs is to ftudy Men. Adieu. 
 
 Par's, ji& of the lotk Motn, 
 of the Tear 1645:. 
 
 LETTER XL 
 
 To tbt Reis EfFendi, Principal Secretary 
 of btace. 
 
 TT/ITH extreme Joy I have received the 
 VY certain News of the taking of Canto, by 
 the invincible Ottoman Arms. 
 
 I muft confefs, when I firft apprehended the 
 Intentions of Sultan Ibrakim, to make War with 
 the Refublick of Venice, I was apt to hearken to 
 fome thinking Men in this Cottrt, who, making 
 their Obferyations of the Sultan's indulging 
 
 him'
 
 38 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. HI. 
 
 himfelf in Female Pleafures, conjeftured from 
 thence (as by a common Rule) thut he would 
 not have difcovered fuch a martial and aftive Sui. 
 rit, in afferting the Honour of the Otttman L*t. 
 fire. His dextrous concealing his Defigns, even 
 to the very Execution of them, has ftruck a Damp 
 into ail the Courts in Euro??, infomuch as Cardi- 
 nal Mewini this Day told the Queen Regent, 
 That he doubted left Sultan Ibrahim would prove 
 another Jur.iitJ Brutus, who being the Nephew of 
 T*>quin, one of the Primitive Kings of Rome for 
 fome Years, counterfeited an extraordinary Sim- 
 plicity and Weaknefs of Spirit : But having pri- 
 vately fecured a Faftion to his own Interefts 
 by popular Arts, he, to gain the Sovereignty, 
 changed the Form of Government, procured him- 
 felf to be made Gonful, and difcovered a Genius, 
 furpaffing in Policy and mature Judgment, all his 
 Fredeceflbrs. 
 
 Though the CardinaTs Comparifon be difpro- 
 portionate to the Grandeur of the fevereign Em- 
 peror of the World, who cannot without a vaft 
 Injury be poftpon'd in Virtue, Wifdom or Power, 
 as a Second or Imitator of any Prince upon Earth : 
 Yet the Character holds good in the main, That 
 he has timely and maturely diflembled the moil 
 fublime Abilities and Endowments a fovereign 
 Prince is capable of, rendering thereby his Ene- 
 mies fecure and carelefs ; till at length all thofe 
 illuftrious Attributes exert themfelves on a fud- 
 den, breaking forth like the Sun from an Eclipfe ; 
 at once dazling the aftonifli'd World, and furpri- 
 zing the Enemies of the Ottoman Empire, in the 
 Slumbers which proceeded from the Contempt of 
 his facrtd Majeftf. 
 
 I thought indeed once that the Venetians would 
 have been in a Condition to have faced the Or- 
 t man tfavj, and difputed their farther Progreis 
 
 on
 
 Vol. III. f SPY at PARIS. 39 
 
 on the Seas. I expefted no lefs than that they 
 would have made fome huffing Attempts on the 
 IJles of drchipelagt; that they would have enter'd 
 the HeSffpent, braved the Dardaneli, and failing 
 forward would- nave block'd up the Ottoman Wavy 
 in the Pr^ntls, or driven them into the Euxini 
 Sea for Shelter. And who could have thought 
 otherwife, had they been provided for a War ? 
 But our fage Emperor, by Secrecy, which is the 
 very Soul of all great Undertakings, has antici- 
 pated their very Fears, and leap'd upon the Prey 
 while the Keepers were afleep * 
 
 Had the Chrjjlian Princes and Statet laid afide 
 their private Punctilio's and Animofities, when the 
 ftnttiam firft made their Application to them for 
 Afliftance, it might have pioved a doubtful War. 
 But inftead of generoufly uniting their Forces in 
 the common Defence of Ckriftendom, they begin 
 to divide their Intercfts and Hearts one from an- 
 other, and that upon the vaineft Motives in the 
 World, one State difputing with another about 
 Precedency of Pofts in the Army, which proceed- 
 ed to that Height, as to fruftrate the main Defignr 
 For the Pooe himfelf at laft is forced to raife the 
 greateft Aids the States of Pinice are like to have ; 
 joining his Galiies with theirs, and fending a 
 thouland Foot on Board at his own Coft. 
 
 Thus does Divine Providence, out of the Dif- 
 cords of Ckrijiian Princes, draw Occafions to en- 
 large the facred Empire of the Mujfulmans, and to 
 fpread the Ottoman Conquefls o'er the Wtftern 
 World. 
 
 Paris, *of of 'the nth Mow, 
 of the Tfar 1645. 
 
 L E T-
 
 40 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER XII. 
 
 Jo the Magnificent and Redoubtable 
 Vizir Azem. 
 
 IT appears that the Uttteen of France is very in- 
 dulgent to her Gsneralt, having called home 
 the Duke of Enguien from the Toils of War. This 
 Prince neglefting the Wounds he received in the 
 Battle of ^tlerjbeim, not many Days after, fell in- 
 to a violent Fever ; fo that he was carried in a 
 Horfe-Litter to Philipsburgb, with no fmall Dan- 
 ger of his Life. As foon as he recovered his 
 Health, he was commanded to return to Franct. 
 and the Charge of the whole Army committed 
 to Marefchtl Turenne. 
 
 Such Tendernefs is never fhew'd to the invinci- 
 ble Ottoman Generals, neither would they efteem 
 it a Favour, but a Difgrace. When they go to 
 the Wars, they make no underhand Leagues 
 with the Elements to fpare their Bodies, but are 
 refolved to combat with Cold, Heat, Hunger, 
 Thirft, and all the Hardiliips to which Soldiers 
 are liable, as well as with the Swords of their 
 linemies. They take no other Armour againft 
 the rigorous Frofts of a Ruffian Winter, or the 
 icorching Sands of a Perfian Summer, but an un- 
 ihaken Refolution, an invincible Patience, and a 
 .Mind incapable of bowing under the worfl 
 Misfortunes They are not angry with the 
 Weapons of their Adverfaries, when they carve 
 in their Limbs, the Marks of an Hoaour, which 
 will far outlaft the Pain of their Wounds ; and 
 in flieir Flefh hew deep Characters of an im- 
 mortal Fame, and a Renown which (hall know 
 no Period. They are not parfimonious of their 
 
 Bfc
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARTS. 41 
 
 Blood, but court their Enemies to fpill it on th e 
 Ground, from whence it will fpring up in Lau- 
 rels and Wreaths, to crown them with Tri" 
 \imphs and Glory whilft they live, and for to 
 fweeten their Memory with the Praife of future 
 Generations 
 
 Thus, Magnanimous Pizir, do the Mu/u/mart 
 Herco, the P/-c/>; of the fi-Jl Emfi>-e, manifelr. their 
 Courage, in defying of Dangers and Wounds, 
 and fcorning to capitulate with Fortune for 
 Eafe and Exemption from Death. They knew, 
 that when they march again ft the h.fideli, 'tis in 
 Vindication of the eternal U>,i:j and therefore, 
 inftead of endeavouring to fhun, they court a 
 Death fo glorious, as that which will immediate- 
 ly tranfport them to the Bsfcm of our koly Pro* 
 pbet, and to the inexfnjjtsle Del'ghts of the Gar. 
 dens of Eden. Where this Truth is firmly root- 
 ed, there is no Room for Fear to plant it felf. 
 But the Cafe is otherwife with Infidels, who 
 blafpheme that pureft undivided E/lnce. They 
 aflert and believe a Plurality of Godi, and there, 
 fore, in Time of Danger, amongfl fo many Dii- 
 tie), they know not whom to addrefs, or whom to 
 confide in. The Apprehenfion of Death is terri- 
 bie to them, whofe Hope is only in this Life ; 
 whofe Confciences are ftaiiaed wirh a thoufand 
 Pollutions, and yet renounce the very Method of 
 being clean Who not only err themfelves, but 
 by their evil Example and Influence, Cfor J fpeak 
 of the Princes and Great Ones) draw innumerable 
 after them, to tafte of the Tree Zacon, which 
 grows in the witdle of HcU. 
 
 People fpeak variouflyof the Dukt of Engvuns 
 Conduft in the Battle of Jllt-.fodm. His Crea- 
 tures extol his Valour and Experience with 
 Hyperboles-, whilft his Enemies endeavour to 
 leflen his Reputation. Some fay, he owes his 
 
 Revo-
 
 4* LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Revocation to the Queen's Diflike ; others attri . 
 bute it to the extraordinary Concern (he has for 
 his Health. But fuch. as would be efteemed the 
 wifer fort fay, His Return is voluntary and 
 fought by himfelf, fcorning to hold his Cwwif- 
 fan any longer at the Pleafure of Cardinal Maza- 
 rini, who, 'tis thought, firft procured him this 
 Employment, only to have him out of the way, 
 and take off his Appttcat'on from the domeftick 
 Affairs of France. Thefe are the Difcourfes of 
 the People at prefent, who yet perhaps may 
 change their Opinions before the Sun goes down. 
 They will always be cenfuring and defcanting 
 on the Aftions of their Suferitntrs- few being 
 v-illing to think their Tougues were given them 
 to lie idle. It is but a little Member, but often 
 does great Mifchief by its A&ivity, One of 
 the Ancients gave no good Character of it, when 
 he called it a Damon. Yet we are not bound to 
 believe all that the Phtlofophtrt faid. &fop gave 
 the moft impartial Account of this Member, 
 when he faid, Twas the bed, and tht worft. 
 Sometimes I fit filent raany Hours together ; not 
 for want of Company, (for here's a Glut of that 
 5n this populous City ;) nor becaufe I know not 
 what to fay, (for I could fpeak a great deal more 
 than 'tis fit for others to hear) but that I may 
 fludy with lefs Interruption, how to ferve my 
 grea: Mafter. For mucn talking enervates the 
 Judgment, and evaporates the Mind into Air. 
 Befides, by thus praftifing Silence in private I 
 karn the Art of retraining my Words in 
 publick, when it is requifite to promote the 
 Ends at which I aim "Tis not for a Man in 
 my Station to be open and talkativa, but to 
 diftinguilh Perfons and Seafons ; to underfland 
 the due Stops and Advances of my Tongue; 
 fome-tirnes to fay much in a little, at other time* 
 
 to
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 43 
 
 to fay little or nothing at all ; but ever fo to 
 fpeak, as not to lay my felf naked to the Hear- 
 ers ; yet to feem a very frank, open-hearted Man, 
 in what I difcourfe of. 
 
 I would not have thee conclude from what I 
 have faid, that Mabmut ufes any Referve to the 
 tdimfter, of the Divan, who are Mines of Science 
 and Wt'fdom, and can eaflly difcern the Heart thro* 
 the moft artificial Veil of Words. But it isabfo- 
 lutely necefTary for me toufe Difllmulationin this 
 Cvurt, feemlng many times ignorant of what I 
 really know, that I may not be thought to know 
 more than they would have me. I was never yet 
 fo indifcreet, as to publifh any Secret that was com- 
 mitted to my Charge, whereby I have gain'd great 
 Confidence with Men who delight to unbofome 
 their Intelligence. They efteem me a Man of In- 
 tegrity, and fit to be trufted. Thus am I made 
 privy to many Intrigues of the Grandees, and a 
 Repofitory of the Ceu>t News : Whilft they whif. 
 per in Mahmut's Ear what is tranfafted in the Roy- 
 al Bed- Chambers, and private Apartments. 
 
 By this Means I came acquainted with an A- 
 mour of Cardinal Mazarini, which is known but 
 to a few. This Minifter has none of the worft 
 Faces, and a proportionate Elegance in his Shape: 
 Much addicted alfo to the Love of Women ; 
 yet he manages his Intrigues with that Cau- 
 tion and Privacy, as not to expofe the Honour 
 of his Funffion. Among the reft, he had fre- 
 quent Accefs to the Chamber of a certain Co- 
 tefs Dowager, her Husband being lately deceafed. 
 This was not carried fo privately, but 'twas 
 v htfpered about that a Man was feen often to 
 come out of this Ladies Chamber a little before 
 Day; but no Body knew who it was (for the 
 Cardinal went difguifed ) At laft it came to
 
 44 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 the Queen's Ear, who was refolved to unravel this 
 Intrigue. She caufed Spies to be placed at a con- 
 venient Diftance from the Lady's Chamber-Door, 
 which opened in a Gallery of the Rojal Palace, 
 with Orders to trace him home. That Night the 
 defigned W*ttb was firft let, it fortuned that 
 the Cardinal being in the Cwntcjfes Chamber, her 
 Maid, who was privy to this Amour, overheard 
 thefe Spies talking to each other concerning her 
 Lady, which made her more attentive (being in 
 a Place where Ihe could not befeen) till at length 
 fiie plainly difcovered, That they lay in wait to 
 find out who it was that had been leen coming 
 out of the Chamber. She quickly acquaints the 
 Ctuntsfs with this News, bhe ccnfults the Car- 
 dinal what was beft to be done to avoid Difcove- 
 ry. In fine, it was agreed between them, that 
 the Caunteft fhould put on the Cardinafs Diiguife, 
 and he a Suit of her Cloaths ; that flie Ihould go 
 out at the ufual Hour of his Retreat, and walk 
 in the Gardens.; that if examined, Ihe fhould 
 pretend this Difguife was to guard her from the 
 rude Attempts of Men, who if they found a 
 Lady alone in the Night-Time, would not fail 
 to offer forne Incivilities ; that foon after her 
 Departure, the Cardinal Ihould go forth in her 
 Drcfs, and Ihifr for himfelf. This was performed 
 accordingly. The Ctuntef: walked into the Gar- 
 dens in the CardtHal's Difguife, followed by the 
 Spier, whilft he goes to an intimate Friend's 
 Houfe, fan /:*//, whofe Fortune depended on 
 this Minifttr; and changes his Female .Accoutre- 
 ments for the proper Apparel of his Sex. The 
 Countep having walked about half an Hour in 
 the Garden, was feized on by fome of the Guardi, 
 under Sufpicioa of fome iil Defign. She was 
 carried before the Q*t<.n, and examined. She 
 
 thea
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS- 45- 
 
 then difcovered herfelf, begging the Queen's Par- 
 don, and telling her, That a particular Devotion 
 had obliged her to take that Courfe for feveral 
 Mornings ; but if it offended her Majefy, flie 
 would hold her felf difpenfed with, and would 
 forbear. The Queen feeming fatisfied with this 
 Anfwer, difmifled her. Thus the Amours of the 
 Cardinal and the Ctunteft remained a Secret ; and 
 there are but three Perfons (befides themfelvesj 
 that know any thing of it, among which Mabmut 
 Is one. 
 
 Thou feeft, Illujirious Minifter, that the Reputa- 
 tion of my Secrecy, has gained me the Confidence 
 of one of the Cardinal's Privado's ; for I had this 
 Relation from the Kalian whom I mentioned, at 
 whofe Houfe the Cardinal changed his Difguife. 
 I am not without Hopes, by the prudent Manage- 
 ment of this Difcovery, to penetrate farther into 
 the Court Intrigues. For he that told me this 
 Story, considered not that he made me thereby 
 Mafter of his Fortune, and that it is no longer 
 fafe for him to deny me any Intelligence I require 
 of him. He has put a Key into my Hand, which 
 Will open his Breaft at my Pleafure. 
 
 Yet I need not magifterially claim Difcoveries 
 from him, as the only Conditions on which he is 
 to expeft my concealing what he has already dif- 
 cloied. There is a more dextrous and ferviceable 
 way to become his Confejfir, without fuch an in- 
 grateful Infult; whilft with a well afted Candour 
 I feign a Relation of fuch Things as I fufpe^r, 
 yet cannot be certain are true, till attefted by 
 himfelf, profeffing at the fame Time not to be- 
 lieve thofe pretended Reports I heard. If I fhall 
 be fo happy as to do any effectual Service to the 
 'Grand Seignior by this Engagement, it will anfwer 
 .-my Ends, and I lhall not repent of my Craft. 
 
 Mahmut
 
 46 LE'TTERS Writ fy Vol.111. 
 
 Mahmut falutes thee, fovcreign Bafla, in the 
 humbleft Pofture of Adoration, lying proftrate 
 on the Ground, in Contemplation of thy Gran- 
 deur. Befeeching God that he would grant this 
 Favour to thee, To live happily, and to die in thy 
 Bed. 
 
 Paris, ao? of the i ith Moon t 
 of the Ttar 1645. 
 
 LETTER XIIL 
 
 To Egri BoignoUj a White Eunuch. 
 
 THOU giveft me abundant Proofs of thy 
 Affe&ion and Friendfhip, in frankly telling 
 me what they fay of Makinut in the Seraglif. I 
 do not expeft tote free from Cenfure; and am 
 fo far from being difcouraged at the Obloquies 
 feme Men faften on me, that it adds to my Com- 
 fort ; it being an allured Mark of Innocence, to 
 be traduced. I am not defirous that the Arabian 
 Proverb fhould be verified in me, which fays, 
 That he defefvet no Man's good Word, ff vhom all 
 Men fpeak weS. I dread to be popular at fuch a 
 Price, and will rather court the Slanders of the 
 envious, by a {redfaft Perfeverance in my Duty, 
 than lay a Train for the Complements of Flatte- 
 rers, by favouring Sedition. Thou knoweft what 
 Reafon I have to fay this. There needs no In- 
 terpreter between us. Though the Black Eunuch 
 has recanted his Afperfions, yet there are others 
 who perfift in their Malice; and it will be difficult 
 for the Mafttr of the Pages, with his beft Rheto- 
 riek, to exempt himfelf from the Number. 
 
 I have
 
 Vol. III. # SPY &t PARIS. 47 
 
 I have received both their Apologies, and have 
 anfwer'd them. I wiih they would reform this 
 Vice ; not fo much for my fake, who am Proof 
 againft their Accufations, as for their own : For 
 the Injury they intended to do me, will redound 
 moft to themfelves. Mifery is on him that perfe- 
 cuteth his Neighbour. 
 
 He that is merciful and gracious, who hath fe- 
 parated the Brightnefs of the Day from the Qbfcu- 
 rity of the Night, defend both thee and me from 
 the Malice of Whifperers, from the Enchantments 
 of Wizards, and fuch as breathe thrice upon the 
 Knot of the Triple Cord. 
 
 "Paris, loth of the nth Moon t 
 of the Tear 1645. 
 
 LETTER XIV. 
 
 To Muftapha., Berber Aga. 
 
 THOU wilt laugh at the Hypocrifie an3 
 Folly of the Nazarenet, when 'thou lhalt 
 know the Articles agreed upon betweenthe Ettffor 
 of Saxony and Koningfmark, one of the ^Stpedi/h 
 Generals, on the 27th of the 8th Moon. 
 
 The Svedes had prevail'd on the Son of the Eh- 
 &or y to intercede with his Father fora Truce; but 
 the old Duke would not hearken to any thing of 
 that Nature, till Torflenfon gave Orders to the 
 Svudijb Army in thofe Parts, that they fhould 
 qpprefs the EleRor's Subje&s, by exacting fro m 
 them unreafonable Taxes and Contributions; and 
 thar they fhould Jay defolate all the Countries 
 about Drj/W #, if they refiifed to pay what was 
 demanded of them. -Accordingly they took a 
 
 CaftJe,
 
 48 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Caftle, which commanded a large Valley of Mea- 
 dows and Corn-Fields. The Swedes burnt the 
 Corn on the Ground, led away the Peafants 
 Captives, and demolifhed many Towns and Vil- 
 lages ; yet not without fome Lofs on their fide : 
 For the Saxons one Night ftole upon them while 
 they werefecurely fleeping, andilewan hundred 
 and Twenty, taking above Three hundred Pri- 
 foners. Thofe who were left in PofTeflion of the 
 Caftle, met with no better Fortune ; being com- 
 pelled in a few Days to furrender this their new 
 Conqueft, with Five Enfigns and a Hundred and 
 fifty Prifoners, which were all carried in Triumph 
 to Drefdcn. 
 
 One would have thought that thefe Succefles 
 fhould have confirmed the Elefttr in the Aver/ion 
 he had already conceived for a Treaty, that he 
 would rather nave purfued his good Fortune with 
 Arms ; efpecially when by cntring into a private 
 fcparate Tfeatj with the Sw(dej, he muft needs 
 give a great Sufpicion to the Jffemblj of the De- 
 puties. But the old Duke doted ; and what nei- 
 ther the repeated Solicitations of his Son, nor the 
 continual Ravages which General Konifyjmark 
 made in his Territories, could procure from him, 
 that he granted to the charming Addrefles of a 
 beautiful Lady. 
 
 The Elefttr's Son adhering much to the Svedifo 
 Intereft, and finding all other Means ineffectual 
 to oblige his new Friends ; it was agreed upon 
 "between him and Konittgfmtrk, that ha fhould 
 at kaft, perfwade his Father to a Trues of a few 
 Days: That, during the Ceflation of Arms, 
 the Son fliould invite his Father to a Banquet, 
 where Koniugfrn^rk fhould be prefenf, with fome 
 of the principal Swedes In his Army. All this 
 fucceeded according, to their Wifhes. The good 
 old Man confented to a Ceaation of Arms, 
 
 and
 
 Vol. in. a SPY at PARIS. 49 
 
 and to _gtve Konixgfma'k a Meeting at his Son's 
 Banquet. The German Gallantry, and indeed that 
 of all Nerth Europt, confifts much in their excef- 
 vc Drinking : He is efteemed the moft polite 
 Man who can bear moft Wine, with leaft Altera- 
 tion of his Temper. This they call Carou/ing. 
 The Soi had provided Plenty of thofe Wines 
 which grow on the Banks of the Rhine, efteem'd 
 the wholfomeft and moft delicious of all thofe 
 Parts. It is not necefTary to repeat particularly 
 their firft Salutes and AddrefTes r Both Parties 
 feemed emulous to exceed in Civilities. They 
 fell to their Wine with Freedom and Mirth, af- 
 ter the manner of the Country. When in the 
 midft of their Glatfes, whilft the Heart of the old 
 Duke was elevated with the Juice of the Grape, 
 came into the Room a tall Perfonage all in Ar- 
 mour, and making his Obeyfance to the Compa- 
 ny, delivered a Letter to Ge ne rai Koningfma, k 
 the General having received it, the Stranger was 
 invited by the /?#<'$ Son to ilc down with them. 
 He was Matter of the Feaft, and only Koningf. 
 mark and the Stranger, befides himfelf, were pri- 
 vy to the Intrigue. 
 
 The Stranger unbuckled his Helmet, and pul- 
 ling it off (for all th-e reft of the Company were 
 uncovered, it being the hotteft Day in all the 
 Suinnttr) difcovered a Face and Hair, much like 
 one of thole Nymphs defcdbed by Poets and 
 Painterf. 
 
 The Duke could not withdraw his Eyes from 
 this furprizing Beauty, nor fix his roving 
 Thoughts: Sometimes it put him in mind of 
 Ganymede, the difcardcd Minion of Jupiter but 
 G*nym de was never feen in Armour. Then he 
 thought of Jdonls, then of the Btbjlovian Pyra m 
 mat, the Indian Atys. In finr, he run over all the 
 celebrated Youths of the */?, to mr.tch the 
 D Beauty
 
 $o LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Beauty of this illuflrious Stranger He drank and 
 g-az'd, v> hilft r.is Son and Koningfmark were pleas'd 
 to lee the Baits take. From ruminating on our 
 }u;x, he pafs'd to that of Women ; And remem- 
 bring that in ibme former Battles between the 
 Sweats find German;, feveral Ladies had difguifeJ 
 them lei ves in Armour, and followed General 7o/-- 
 iienloK to the Field, he concluded piefently, that 
 this was ibme beautiful Female of Svoeddand. 
 
 This Thought put the old Duke into a pleafant 
 Fit of Raillery, yet not without Ibme Mixture of 
 Riiflion for this lovely Htroine. There was feme- 
 thing fo peculiarly graceful in all her Carriage and 
 Adarefs, as charm 'd the /<#or's Heart, The Wo- 
 men in thofe Parts of Europe, are not fo precife 
 in their Conveifation with Men, as in the ajt. 
 And 'tis a great Point of Education, fo to adjuft 
 the Punftiliis of their Deportment, as neither to 
 appear too open, nor too refer v d This was her 
 Matter piece, for fhe fo equally divided the Parts 
 (tie was to aft, both of a Maid and Soldier, that 
 neither entrenched on the other, but fhe acquitted 
 herfclf w*th exquilite Honour and Gallantry. 
 
 'The next Day after the Banquet, the Son re- 
 newed his Mediation for a Treaty, but the Elector 
 n'd cold. All his Thoughts were bufied ia 
 ruminating on his fair Enemy. 
 . Not to detain thee Icnger in Expectation of the 
 fjTue, the Love of this young sttntzon had taken 
 fo deep Rcot in his Heart, that he would, grant 
 uj.hing but for her fake, neither could he-d^ny 
 any- thing which Ihe dclired. Thus, by this Strata- 
 gem, they accomplilh'd their Aims, andhecoade- 
 fcended to a Tre:y, after fourteen Days '.Debate 
 cm the Articles : Of which 1 herefend-t'ieea true 
 and particular Copy, that rJiou mayeft -fi.nd fome 
 Divertifement in the Folly of.dre.7*/dfc/J. The 
 At tides are as follow : 
 
 T II AT
 
 Vol. III. A S p Y at P A R i s. 5" i 
 
 > 
 
 TH A T it fhould be lawful for the Duke 
 to keep due Faith to the Emptror nor 
 ' fhould he be obliged to admit any thing contra- 
 ' ry to the In-ereft of the Empire. 
 
 4 That the Elettor fhould not lend the Ewperor 
 ' above three Regiments of Horfe, nor fhould 
 ' permit him to raife Soldiers in his Principality. 
 
 ' That the Swfdet fliould have free and fafe 
 ' rPallage through 5.v9y, provided they came 
 4 not within three-Miles of Drefden. 
 
 ' That there . flip u Id be free Traffick between 
 ' the ElettiSs Subjects and the Swedes by Land 
 ' and Water, 
 
 1 That at the end of three Months, each Party 
 ' fliould be obliged to declare, Whether they 
 ' would prolong the Truce, or break it off. 
 
 ' That the Etctfir ftould again enjoy his Reve- 
 ' Hues, except thofe which were drawn from Leip- 
 ' fi t k. That he (hould pay the Swedes Eleven 
 * thoufasil Rix Dollars a Month, and a certain 
 ' Quantity of Corn. 
 
 That the Eleffor fliould do nothing which 
 ' might hinder the Siege of Migdiburgh. 
 
 "Thofe Anichs, at firfl Sight, , appeared to ba 
 equally favourable to the Saxons and to the Sw.dst. 
 But in reality they ferved only as an Umbrage t 
 deeper Defigns, which the Sweaet had in Agita- 
 tioji. For this was the . firft Step to draw the 
 S*XOH off from the Emp&rar's Party ; and Terftenfcn 
 was now lecure, that whilft the Svtdei ruflied 
 farther into Germany, the Saxant. would not mo- 
 left them behind. 
 
 For my Part, I neither underftand the Policy 
 
 nor the Integrity of the Elefftr, in figning theft 
 
 Articles ; nor how he can reconcile the firi> of 
 
 them with any of the reft ; To give fafe Con. 
 
 D 2 duft,
 
 fi LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 tluft, and kind Entertainment to the Enemies of 
 iiis tovettiztt: To be>cbliged not to lend him any 
 more Afllftarice than his Enemies lhall allow, nor 
 fufFer him to raiie Forces at his own Charges: 
 To be cheated of his own Revenues, and tamely 
 yield to pay a monthly Tribute befides : To be 
 tied up from fuccouring one of the principal 
 Towns in his P>incip*lity, at that time befieged 
 by the Sweats- this is a new Method of keeping 
 due Pui'h to sovereign?, or of oberving common 
 .Prudence for ones felf. But Women and Wine 
 caafe a wife Man to finmblc. as the Arabians fay. 
 And this old Prince is blefled in a hopeful Son, 
 who is not afhamed to turn Pimp, that fo he may 
 betray his Father to his mortal Enemies. But 
 let the Chnftian proceed in their Falfliood and 
 Treachery one againft another, u hilft every good 
 MifTulvian proftrates himfelf/y-r times a Day; 
 and prays in his Integrity for the Confummation 
 of that Time, wherein Gd has determined to 
 put a Period to the Monarchies of thefe h>fidth t 
 and to reduce them to the Faith and Obedience 
 of his hoiy Lav. 
 
 I wifh fome of my Friends would fend me fome 
 Rehtion of what pafles in the Eaff : J have heard 
 nothing of Moment out cf *fia- thefe many Mom. 
 I could almoft think my felf banifhed from "the 
 eternal Providtnctj whilft I refide among rhefe 
 Mtcircutncifed. 
 
 Think fometimes on Mahmut; and if >thou 
 canft not relieve his Melancholy, at leaft, pity 
 him whom all the Honours and Pfeafures of 
 thefe Wrftnt Parts, would not be able" to -exhila- 
 rate. fo long as he apprehends Jiimielf- forgotten 
 by his Friends at 
 
 Paris, loth of tke \itk. Mcon, 
 f tltt Tear 1^4?. 
 
 L E T-
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PA-HI V f& 
 
 LETTER XV. 
 
 70 Ma hummed Hogia, Dervife, Bremic 
 
 Inhabitant of the Sacred Cave,, *f f& foot 
 ef Mount Uriel / Arabia the Happy. 
 
 HY Remembrance is as the Dew of the. 
 Evening, or the Midnight Breezes in 
 ; alter thefcorching Fervours of a Summer's 
 Day, when neither Trees, nor Houfesv nor high- 
 eft Mountains afford any Shadow. Such are the 
 Employments of State, keeping the Mind in as 
 reftlefs an Activity, as that which the Philofopkert 
 fay is the Occafion of Heat. Such alfo is the 
 Kefrefhment I find in thinking on thee, whofe 
 Soul is a Manflon of Tranquility, an Umbrella of 
 Temperance, and all Virtue. Thither I retreat 
 for Reipiration from the Fatigues of worldly Bu- 
 frneis. Pardon the bold Accefs of an humble 
 Slave who cannot be fo happy as to vifit. thes 
 any other wife than by Letters, yet would be mi- 
 ferable in the want of tins Privilege. 
 
 Ever fince I had the Honour to kHVthe Dud 
 of thy Feet in that .j'acred Retirement, I was filled 
 with Love and Admiration of thy Sanctity. 
 Thrice happy are the neighbouring Shepherds, 
 whofe Flocks feed under thy aufpicious Prote- 
 ftion. No fierce Lions, no ravenous Tigers, 
 dare violate that Sanftuary, or hunt far Prey 
 within thofe Meadows, confecratcd by thy Pre- 
 ience. That rich and flow'ry Vale, was firft fe- 
 cured with an eternal Immunity from Spoil and 
 Rapine, by the Bleffing of our holy Prtpkei. 
 Now that Blefling feems to be redoubled by thy 
 Prayers and AblKnendes, who inherited his . 
 Spirk as well as his Abode. 'Twas in that ^.7 
 D 3 Grvr,
 
 54 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Cave, the Meffexger of G</ faded for the fpace of 
 three Moon, : Thy whole Life there is one conti- 
 nued Ab'flinence. When thou lifted up thy 
 venerable Hands to Heaven in Prayer, the Ene- 
 nnes of our My Lav are feizM with Fear and 
 Trembling : Thou art the GuaxHan Angel of the 
 Ottoman Empire. Thy Body attenuated with 
 twenty Years Fading, is purified almoft to lamer. 
 :ahtj : Thou art become a Dmizon among the 
 yi'-itt. Neither the Beafls of the Earth, nor the 
 l-ow] s of the Air, nor the lifh of the Sea wiil 
 cuarge thee with their Blood. Thy Table never 
 imoak'd with ilaughtered Dainties.' Every Tree 
 affords thee a Fead, and the Meadows regale thee 
 with a thcmfand harmlefs Delicacies. Thy Third 
 is allay 'd with the Crydal Streams ; and when 
 thou art difpofed to banquet, the Arabian Sheep 
 iupply thee with Neclar. Thus, like a prudent 
 1 raveh'er^ thou accidlomed thy felf before hand, 
 to _ the Diet of the Countrey whither thou art 
 going : Thou lived the Life of Paraciife here on 
 Earth. 
 
 Thou art not privy to the Wickednefs of the 
 Age : That Cell guards thee from ether Mens 
 vices, while thy incomparable Humility defends 
 thee from thy own Virtues. Thou art not puffed 
 cp with thy fublime Perfections. Pride is a Ser- 
 pent which commonly poifons the Root of the 
 faired Endowment. Eut thou had crufh'd this 
 Serpent in the Egg. 
 
 In that Solitude the Jitgcl opened the Heart of 
 the Sent cf Gc4, and took out from thence the 
 Devil'} Seed. Plot. When \t*ht^ft awaked ,' for this 
 u as done while he lay in a Trance) he faid, 1 am 
 a Worm. U'htn Gabriel f a w his Humility, he 
 -pronounced a Blefllng on the Place, ;That who- 
 Jr.ever would tAveil in rhac Cave, jlevlei t>e nctk 
 *s Abraham, chf/le f Jcfe>>h, and ten>}?r*te is
 
 Vol. ITI. rfSpy at PARIS. 5^ 
 
 Ifmael. Thou h aft experienced the Efiefl: of l.ts 
 
 ,-, , . o 
 
 Benediction. 
 
 There is another Happinefs alfo attends thy 
 Retirement ; thou livefr free from Cares and An- 
 xieties ; thou committeft the publick Good to the 
 Ccnduft of thy Sovereign, and thy private Wei- 
 fare, to the Protection of Providence ; neither 
 tlilquieted for the one, nor folicitous for the 
 orher. Who rifes, and who fiMs. in the Favour 
 of the Sultan ; who purchases the Government of 
 the Empire by their .M>rits,. or who by their Mo- 
 ney ; whether it be betcer to remain in the S^e- 
 gho, or to be made Bnf* cf &.>.ypt t are Cares r 
 never moleft thee. Thou canft fit in that Savflu- 
 ary of Peace, and pity thole whofe Ambition, 
 ard the Love of Glory, has driven into the Tails 
 of War. Thou ca:-:ft behold with CompaiTion the 
 burthenfome Attendants of the Great; their La- 
 bours by Day, and their Watchings by Night 5 
 their refllefs Thoughts and bufy Aftions ; mace- 
 rated Bodies, and uneafy Souls ; while with inde- 
 fatigable Pains they purfue mere Shadows, and 
 endeavour to graip the Wind, orfecure to them- 
 felves a Bubble, which is no fooner touched, than 
 it vanifiies Thou in the mean time art filling 
 thy Mind with folid Knowledge, and laying up 
 PolTefTicns which (hall never be taken from rhee: 
 For the Soul carries her Goods along with her t'> 
 that other World. 
 
 I often with my fclf with thee ; snd the Re- 
 membrance of what I once enjoyed in thy Con- 
 verfation, cannot be effaced by Difbnceof Tinv?- 
 and Place. The farther I am from th*e, the 
 more ardently do I long to fee thee Bat even 
 in thefe innocent Defires, there is a neceflary 
 Mortification ; fmce we are not born for our 
 felves, but to comply vith the n)f-t;-fou: Ends of 
 Fn:e. 1 am appointed to ferve the Grand Sigxfor 
 D 4 in
 
 f6 LETTERS Writ Ij Vol. III. 
 
 in this Place ; where I endeavour to acquit my 
 felf a faithful Sltve , and a good Mu/alman. If I 
 fail in the/'-y?, my gre*t Mtfttr will punifh me ; 
 if in the laff, Got and his- Prcphtt will revenge it. 
 Yet I hope every Frailty will not be efteemed a 
 Tranfgreffion, fince the Heart and the Hands go 
 noralways together. I often ftrive to imitate thy 
 Abfh'nence, but my Appetites are too ftrong for 
 me : I return to my old Courfe again, like a Bo v 
 that is forcibly bent. Yet I fin not in this, lince 
 it is nor required ai my Hands. 
 
 Pray for me, hojj Man of Gtd, that while I aim 
 at the 4? Things, I may not fall into the vtrft - t 
 and by ftriving to aim at Perfcttiw, \ may not 
 crack chole Powers which are requifite to keep me 
 ftedfaft in the High-way of moral Virtue. I leave 
 thee to thy Contemplations, and the Society of 
 thy courteous Angth, who ever wait at the Door 
 of thy Ctit. 
 
 Paris, 20/4 of the j itk 
 of the Tear 
 
 LETTER XVI 
 
 To Ufcph Bafia. 
 
 1 Forme 1 ly acquainted thee, That 
 King of Peland, fought Chriftina, Queen of 
 *>v>(dtn, in Marriage ; but that his Propofal was 
 rejected. Now thcu may'ft know that this Mo- 
 March has made a more luccefsful Amour being 
 married to Ltuife M*rie dt Gonzguf t Princcjs of 
 kmmu*. The Nuptial Solemnities were perform'd 
 in this City by the ^mbaffador of Fotat.d, who 
 was his Mailer's Proxy. The greateft part of 
 the laft Moen was fpent in Masks, Banquets, and 
 Court-Revels, to. honour the Efpouja/f of this. 
 
 <> ew
 
 Vol. ITT. *SPY at PARIS. 57 
 
 new Queen, who is iince gone towards Poland, 
 being attended to the jprontiers by a numerous 
 Train of the Nobili:y, With all the Ceiemonies* 
 and Regard due to a PetlW.of her Rank. 
 
 The F ench, who are never fparing in Words, 
 are too liberal in the Praifes they beftcw on this 
 Princefs. For if all were true they fay of her, fhe- 
 might be lifted in the Number of s/>.ge/j; wi^ereas 
 fome more impartial Eyes have difcovered fuch 
 Imperfections/ as fpeak her yet on this fide a 
 Saint. But ordinary Virtues in Princes dazzle the 
 Multitude, borrowing a greater Luftre from the 
 Nobility of their Blood, and rhe Eminence of 
 their Quality ; whilft their Vices are either fhrou. 
 ded from the Vulgar, or made to pafs for Virtues, 
 in the artificial Drefs which Flatterers put on 
 them. 'Tis under this Advantage the new Queen 
 of Poland is cry'd up for a Din ; rho' a late Saty~ 
 rift vindicates her from being half fo cruel as that 
 Giddeff. It being no Secret that a young Italian 
 M*>quis had fomething kinder Ufage than had ; 
 A8*<>n, when he accidentally encountered this 
 Princefs, as fhe was walking alone one Evening 
 in a Grove belonging to her Falace. 
 
 I ana no Patron of Libels; nor would I fpeafc 
 irreverently of thofe whole Royal Birth claims 
 Refpeft from all Mortals. But the Stupidity of 
 the N*x.arene: provokes my Pen, who allow their 
 Women all the uncontrollable Freedom and Op- 
 portunities, that commonly give Birth to the 
 mofl: irregular Amours, and yet believe 'em in- 
 nocent. They are perfeft Idolaters of that Sex,. 
 not having learned, with the illuminated Mvjfit? 
 man.', That Women are of a Creation inferiour 
 to that of Men, have Souls of a lower Stamp, 
 and confequently more prone to Vice ; and that 
 they ihall never have the Honour to be admitted 
 ifltoour Panulife, 
 
 D 5 S*c
 
 *8 LETTERS Writ fy Vol. III. 
 
 I3ut thou who believeft the . Doftiines clear 
 and intelligible, and haft kifVd the Garment of 
 the Sent of G d. wilt not fuffer thv Reaibn to be 
 blinded by the Enchantments tf thefe deluding 
 fair ones ; but fo Jove Women, as ftill to remem- 
 ber thou art a Man, which is ibmedung more 
 iublime. 
 
 Paris, tft of tb; \i<h Moon, 
 ef tht Tear 1645. 
 
 LETTER XVII. 
 
 To ibe Kaimacham. 
 
 IT is. hard to guefs where the French Victories- 
 will terminate. Either Fear, or the Defire of 
 jNovehies, opens the Gates of moflr Cities to 
 them; and when that v?ill not do, the Force of 
 their Cannon makes a PafTage into the ftrongeft 
 Holds of their Enemies, and puts whole Provinces 
 under their Subjection. 
 
 Their Enemies fay, that the French never, be- 
 fiege a Town, but their firft Affauits are made 
 with Bullets &f Gold ; and when that wijl neither 
 prevail on the Govewoitr, nor .win a Party, then 
 they only try the Force of the coarfer Metal Vet 
 this will appear but a Slander, if thou confulereft 
 a late Afticn of the Duke of OrJeatu, when he lay 
 down before Bjurbourgh. 
 
 He had fcarce finished his Trenches, when five 
 next Morning an Arrow was found with a Letter 
 faftned to it, not far from his Tent. The Let- 
 ter was directed to the Duke, and fubfcribed by 
 the Gfvervour of the Town. The Contents of it 
 were, to iignify to him, That if he wuld gtvt him 
 
 Fifty
 
 Vol. III. a SPY At PARIS. 59 
 
 Fifty tkoufanl Pieces of Gold, and continue him in 
 his Office, he would the r.ixt N>gk: open tht G^iff, 
 and let in his -Army ; and that brfire Mid-day hs 
 vuos'd fend, a Mtffir-ger to know his Pleafuff. The 
 Duke waited the Arrival of the Meflenger, who 
 ieconded what his Matter had faid. But the mag- 
 nanimous Pnnte, inftead of accepting his- Offer 
 fent him back to his Majler with this MelTir'ge, That 
 ht came vat before the lawn PS -a Merchant, .'j 
 purchase it at the Pric' cf a n'cdlefs Jieajjn ; bv"' 
 *i a Soldier, at the HtaJ cf an /!>>/;}, fi-tfid tor.h 
 ctntinutl tffforiei ; fummoniog him forthwith to 
 furreuder at Diicrctlon, lht being ihe CH// v>*j ty 
 experience hit Generofi-y. 
 
 This Year has been fignalized with muchAclion 
 \ji'"fiMikrf t Catalonia, and It-aly. Ths Field was 
 ih arc j among many brave Grnerels 
 
 The Duks of Orleans, had the Command of the 
 Army in Fhnd^rr^ where he took the fours' ot 
 Vaiid- ev*l, Bourbough, Li'ik, D>-!nghctt, Rt-'hunr,- 
 if, Vena>.t Gaifctt,. Lcnt t AiJ+'aykf, L'li'ers^ Metiirg, 
 and dwenticrt. 
 
 Tliefe Places were won by fcveral Parties, un- 
 i}.-r the- Command of the Marejlhals de G./?-K^, 
 de Rantz.au, tmd the Duke rrf GUI ft, whd all ;v^led 
 in fepurate Bo-Ji-es, Bunder the Duk* bf Or'eam: 
 
 Nor w.i r . thfi Cotshf a'tlirconrt idle in C'aialor.ig, 
 where he fucceeded in the Charge of the War. f chat 
 d U Mo he. The firfl Effort of his. Arms was- 
 the retaking of /fgrtim.mi, which the Spa^nr^r 
 had feixed ; a firong City, and which kept a 
 large part cf Catalenia in Subjection 
 
 I'jom hence he marched towards Refer, one of 
 the moO important Places for Strength under the 
 Span<'fl> King's Dominions, and governed by an fix- 
 perionced .Soldier, who failed not to defend the 
 JH lace to the laft Extremes, but after a Siege o 
 two Afrfow;, was coinpell'd to yield for wan-r of 
 Provifions. D 6
 
 60 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ilf. 
 
 After this, the Frer.sb Gineral'cut off Seven hun- 
 dred Sf-atr.ttrds, who were pofted to hinder hi* 
 Faille over the River. The next Day the whole 
 Armies meeting in the Plains of Lttrenj, there 
 was a furious Lncounter, in which the Spaniards 
 loft ten Regiments of Horfe on the Spot j the: 
 reft threw down their Arms and yielded. The 
 Mjr^uii of tfortare, cne of the Spamjh Generals, 
 was taken Captive with other Perfons of Note ;. 
 among which was the Standard. Bearer of Spain. 
 
 Vet this was but the Engagement of one Wi*g 
 For when the other entered the Combat, the 
 Slaughter was dreadful. Of the Spaniards were 
 ilain Six thoufand Horfe, and Sixteen hundred 
 Foot ; and Three and Twenty hundred of them 
 were made Prifoners The French loft not above 
 Three Hundred in all, and they bad but a few 
 wounded. 
 
 This Batde has brought infinite Glory to the 
 Count (fHartturt. After which, there happened 
 nothing remarkable in Cataltmia. fave the taking, 
 of Ba-lquie'f, which is like to end this Year's Cam- 
 paign on that Side- 
 
 Prince Thimai o Savy commanded in Italy, 
 but had no great Number of French in his Army , 
 the main Btdy being drawn off to ferve in Catalo. 
 77*. Yet vexed to fee the Succefs of the Sfani- 
 *r(/s, who had pofTefTed themfeJves of a ftrong 
 Caftle, and kept the Field in a Bravado, as if he 
 were not able to face them; he raifed fome Re- 
 cruits, and enter'd the Milaneze, where he took 
 the City and Caftle of yigtvane. After this, de- 
 iigning to return into Piedmont^ he found all the 
 Paflages block'd up by the Spaniards, who had a- 
 far greater Army than his. Yet afluming Cou- 
 rage, he attempted to pafs the River Moura ; and 
 the Enemy prefenting themfclves to cppofe his 
 "Defign, he gav them Battle, and killed Five 
 
 hundred
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. <>i 
 
 hundred and threefcore of them ; among which 
 were nine Officers o-f principal Command and; 
 Quality ; On his fide were loft Two hundred 
 common Soldiers, and twelve Officers ; among, 
 which was his Brother Prince Maunce of tavor, 
 Thefe are the chief Aftions on, that Side. As 
 for Portugal, there has happened, nothing in that 
 Kingdom worthy of Remark. 
 
 I have in this Letter, fage Governour of the 
 Imperial City, obferved the Method thou en joy $ 
 edft me. I have acquainted thee, u ith whatfo- 
 ever has occurred in the prefeut Wars of France 
 and Spain during this Year. 
 
 'Tis difcourfed here, that the Venetians will lay 
 Siege to Cania next Spring, in hopes to recover 
 that important Place from the Arms-of the victo- 
 rious Ottomans. 
 
 The Duke of Orleans will be on his March to 
 Flanders, towards the latter end of the next A/o, 
 refolving to make an early Campaign, being a- 
 larm'd with the late Lofs of Ma>djke, which th 
 Spaniards took by Surprize, without much Blood- 
 fhed, having not the fourth part of a hundred) 
 Men killed on their Side. Whereas, when the 
 F'-evih took it from them, it coft Five thoufand 
 Lives of the beft Soldiers the King of France had 
 in his Army. 
 
 The Hour of the Port: will not permit me to 
 fay more, thaa that I am the humbleft of thy 
 Slaves. 
 
 Paris, 14*6 of the iith Mat t 
 / (be Tear 1645. 
 
 LET-
 
 6z LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER XVIII. 
 To Dgnet Og'ou. 
 
 I Will not make Tryal of the Virtue of Fnend- 
 fhip at this Time, in the Way thatPh:l:f!>pl::rt 
 propofe to be ufcd between fuch as own that Ti- 
 ile. I will not complain of the Dolors I under- 
 go, that fo by making thy CompafTion ihare them 
 with me, I may eafe my felf of a Part. It ap- 
 pears to me a pufiUanimous, if not an unjuffc 
 Aftion, for a Alan to transfer his Sufferings by 
 tlifcovering 'em to his Friend, and designedly 
 throw that upon another, which is fcarce tolera-. 
 b'e to himfelf. 
 
 I am fick, and Cuftom has rendered this al- 
 moft as natural to rue as Health. My Conftitu- 
 tion is not Proof againft the envenom'd Arrows 
 that are fhot from the St^s. Nor am I conftella- 
 ted, to refift the fecret Contagions that lurk in 
 the Elements. The Herbage of the Field Ian- 
 gut flies, \vhen poifon'd with inviil^le 
 from above ; and all the Leaves of the Foreft -wi- 
 ther, -when touched with the baneful EmifiV 
 certain M'tears, or fcorched with the winged 
 Exhalations of the Night. So our Bodies re- 
 ceive a thoufand Imprefiions from Tilings with- 
 out us. and not A few Ma'adies from our felves. 
 The very Channel of Life proves many Tim^s 
 the Vehicle of Death, while our Lungs fuck in 
 unwholfome Airs, and our very Breath becomes 
 our Bane. We have radical Poiibns in our 
 Complexions, which though they do us no hurt, 
 vhi.t we let them lie dormant, yet once excited 
 b'y our Pamons and Vices, they become noxious 
 and fatal, hurrying us into the Chambers of 
 
 Death,
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 6? 
 
 Death, by unaccountable Difeafes, and Pains 
 which are under no Predicament. 
 
 This makes me bear my prefenf Diftemper with- 
 an equal Mind, becaufe I know its Original, and 
 'tis not in- the Lift of thofe Maladies which have 
 BO Name ; whereby I can eafily calculate its Du- 
 ration and almoft point to a Day when I shall lo 
 well agairr. For \\3 in the Number of thofe, 
 Pby/tciens call ~Acu:e ; and the Anguifli ft inflicts 
 confirms that 7Vr/?. 
 
 Take not this for a Complaint, nor what Ian> 
 about to fay for a Paradox, when I tell thee, 
 That I know not which is greater, 'my Pleafure 
 or Pain, during this excruciating fiver. Theie- 
 Afflictions border ib near upon one another, that 
 1 find it difficult to diftinguHh them. They feem 
 to be Inmates to each other, and blended toge- 
 ther in their Roots. Sure I am, they areibtwi- 
 fted and interwoven in my Conftitution, -that I 
 never felt one without the other livery Man 
 may experience, That his ftrongeft Defires are 
 compounded of thefe two Paflions, and the vtry . 
 Moment. of Fruition itfelf, cannot ieparate them. 
 The Minute of Enjoyment is but confecrared 
 to his Lofs, while the Heighth of his Joy is the 
 Rife of his Grief, iince the fmalleft Particle of 
 Time cannot diftinguilh the Life and Death of 
 his Pleafure 
 
 Do but reverfe this Contemplation, and apply 
 it to my Sicknefs, and th^u wilt find no Riddle 
 in my Words, when I allure thee, that as the 
 Torment of my Fever advances, Ib does my Eaft- ; 
 PJeaiure and Pain, fit and.thake Hands in rny 
 Heart, embrace, and equally divide its Sjflole 
 an J : Diaftole between them 
 
 Vet I muft needs own, I am indebted for this 
 Allay of my Dolors, to the Prefence of my 
 Mind, which I fuffer not to be torn from itfelf, 
 
 or
 
 &4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 r carried away by the violent Motion of my agi- 
 tated Spirits. Were it not for this, a Fever would 
 prove a Hell upon Birth, and every Pulfe a tor* 
 menring Fury. My very Drink (which is all my 
 Subftftence now) would appear but the Joathfome 
 Diftillation of that Tree, whoie uvpalatble and 
 fcalding Gum, is appointed for a Beverage to the 
 Damned. The fofteft Entertainment of my Bed, 
 while awake, would but be a Tranflarion of the 
 * Torments of fxion and Sifjpkaj ; and the flatter- 
 ing Intervals of Sleep, would but renew the Suf- 
 ferings of Tntlus. Whereas now, whether 
 afleep or awake, my Mind keeping aloft in her 
 proper Sphere, bufied in the Contemplation and 
 Enjoyment of her felf and fuperiour Objefts, 
 partakes not in the Fever of my Bedy, but as if 
 on the cool top of fome high Mountain, furveys 
 all the Valleys beneath, without being fenlibte 
 of their raging Heats. 
 
 I owe this Tranquih'ty, in the m'tdft of bodily 
 Perturbations, to the Examples of ancient PhiUft- 
 phers, which thou knoweft have far more Influ- 
 ence than Precept t. Ever fince I read that Ploti. 
 **} could chafe away the racking Tortures of the 
 Gout and Stone, by thelble Force of his Thought, 
 I daily try'd the Experiment, fpurr'd on by Emu- 
 lation of his Virtue ; as judging it ignoble in a 
 Mvjjfulman to give the Palm to a Pagan in any 
 Point of mafculine Bravery. 
 
 'Tis recorded of the fame Pbilofopher, that by 
 the mere Strength and Majefty of his Mind, he 
 diffipated the E.*ich*ntwenn of ^olloniui Tyrit> ; 
 and the mjenitl Spirit/, confefs'd they were baffled 
 by that thinking Man As if his Soul were of the 
 Nature of Meduff's Head, which turn'd all into 
 unaftive Statues, who did but Icok on it. 
 
 Surely, great is the Efficacy of Contemplation, 
 hinted at in the Arabian Proverb, which fays, 
 
 Ut
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 6$ 
 
 He tbt can fee bis own Ejret without a Glafi, {hall 
 t* able (o move the Butts Harm. Which myfteri- 
 ous Expreflion is thus interpreted by the learned 
 Avian. A Prophet or Spiritual Man, who always 
 converfes within, (hall have Power to {hake tJie 
 FiuHdaiigm of the Earth ; which, thou knoweft, 
 refts on the Ho^ns of a Ba//, according to the Dt* 
 Et'ine of the Htly Law-giver. 
 
 I need lay no more to convince thee, that I 
 am in zPver. My thus expatiating and running 
 from one thing to another ("when I thought to 
 have faid all in a few Words, 1 will fatisfy thee 
 what Temper I am in. Yet recollecting my felf 
 with Comfort that I know my Diftemper, I will 
 crave Leave to tell thee a fliort Story of a Man 
 who was Tick for many Years, and yet the ableil 
 PhyficiiHi in P*'is> could not diicern his Malady. 
 
 This Pcrfon was an Officer of the City, whofe 
 Bufmefs 'twas to arreft Men that were in Debt. 
 He was ebferved to be ; he fabtleft of all his Bre- 
 thren, and the mo ft dextrous at plotting another 
 Man's Ruin. This augmented his Eftate, and 
 he grew extremely rich. But in the one and for. 
 tieth Year of his Age, he was felled with a;i 
 unknown Malady, a Diftemper to vrhich the moft 
 skilful were Strangers He languilhed five Years 
 in a Condition which moved all Men to Pity. 
 It will be tedious for to iccount the Symp- 
 toms of his lllnefs. At length he died ; and ac- 
 cording to his own Will was diflefted The 
 Physicians found all Parts of his Body decayed 
 and wafted ; but when they came to his Head, 
 they were above meafure aftonifhed to fee a Neft 
 of Serpents jnftead of Brains This was conclu- 
 ded by all to be the Source of his Diftemper : 
 and People defcant varioufly on it Some fay, 
 'twas a Jude.mint of God infiicleu on him, for m's 
 cruel Subtilty, in crapanning Men out of their 
 
 Liberties
 
 66 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Liberties by a thoufand Wiles. Others are of 
 Opinion, that it is a natural Produft, it being 
 ufual iii fome Conftitutrons, for this fort of Crea- 
 ture to be bred out of their Vitals. A Merchant 
 that had been in Peru told me, That in a Prwixce 
 of that Empire, there were People, who by drink- 
 ing the Water of a certain River, had Serpents of- 
 ten engendred in their Bowels ; that he had feen 
 one prefenred to the Klni> of Sfain which was ta- 
 ken out of a dead Man's Heart, a Cubit in length. 
 He faid 'twas of a crimfon Colour, without Scales 
 or Eyes ; neither was it venomous. This he af- 
 ferted very folemnly, and with Imprecations. 
 
 I tell thee, dear Friend, if thefe Things te 
 true, who can be fure he harbours not feme fuch 
 Joathfome Inmate in his Body; yet I would not 
 have thee grow melancholy upon it, and difturb 
 thy Repcfe. The Day will come, when we fhall 
 all be metamorphofed into Wtrmi and Se-pmtf in 
 the Grve. 
 
 In the mean while live thou happily, in the 
 ftvotir of thy Sovereign, in the Enjoyment of thy 
 Heal'h the rigour of thy Senfes, and have forr.e- 
 t'mes in thy Thoughts a Man full of Infrmir.ies, 
 without murmuring, M*hmut, that loves his 
 Friend in all Conditions. 
 
 Paris i6tb of the uthMtox, 
 of lit T.ur 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. a Spy at PARIS. 67 
 
 LETTER XIX. 
 
 T) the Sclictir Aga, or Sword Bearer to 
 his llighnefs. 
 
 IWifh I could time my Letters fo, as to gratif/ 
 all the Miniftcr) of t!ie bhjfd Part, by making 
 each alternately, the firft Relater of fame accep- 
 table News in the myfterlous Divan, where all 
 Human Events are {canned with impartial Judg- 
 ment. But every Moon does not prefent us with 
 Sieges or Battles ; neither can I receive Intelli^ 
 gence of all remarkab.le, Events, fo foon as they 
 come to pafs. What I shall now tranfmit tu 
 thee, is an Account of what has been omitted ia 
 my Difpa:cke: to the other Min-Jios. 
 
 Evrcpe- is a Field, fertile in Rebellion', Tumultt, 
 Difcrdcrs, and um.atu- al War*. J^ o Part of Chri^ 
 flf.fidorn, which is not polluted with Tr.eafons, 
 Perfidies, and MafTicres ; no Corner -undented 
 with humane Blood. The Son confpires tlie 
 Death of him who firft gave him his Life, The 
 Brother lays Trains to enfnare the Partner of his' 
 Blood, the Offfpring of her that bare hlmfelf. 
 No Bond of AfFecHon'or Tye of Confanguinity, 
 is of Force to reftrain thefe Irfi.ieli from purfuing 
 each other with Malice Neither has tlriir Reli-' 
 gion any more Influence -on- their Paflions, than 
 the Fablei of the ancient Paeft. In publick and 
 private, all things are governed by Intereft. 
 Thus, while every Man and every State, are cnly_ 
 , byafs'd by the narrow Principles of Self P refer va- 
 tion ; they abandon the general Go-od cf Chriften- 
 dam, and e.vpoie it as a Prey to the next daring' 
 Invader. 
 . 
 
 Ther
 
 68 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill, 
 
 There is no Reafon that we fhould grieve at 
 this Folly of the Nazartnes. 'Tis from their Im 
 piety and Vices, the Virtue and Wifdom of the 
 victorious Mujffulmaas receive the greater Luftre, 
 who are created to difplant thefe uncircuwcifcd, 
 and inftruft the Nations which they pofTefs'd, in 
 the Faith free frtm Blcmifl). 
 
 Yec fince the Depredations which the Swedes 
 have made in Germaxjr and Denmark, the neigh- 
 bouring Crowns and Staces, notwithstanding their 
 Infincerity, have feemingly interpofed tHeir En. 
 deavours, to prevent the worft EfFeb of a War, 
 fo definitive to the common Intereft of CbnJleM. 
 eiora. Deputies were fent from all Parts, to Mun- 
 ftcr and Ofnaburgb, with Inftruftions from their 
 refpeftive Sovereign. They have fquandered 
 away much time in vain Overtures of Peace ; 
 whilft the Swedes daily get Ground on one fide of 
 the Empire and the Uitnth are not unfucceisful on 
 the other. 
 
 The Enemies of France, fenfible that they can- 
 not reduce this Crown by open Force, have Re. 
 courfe to Artifice. They endeavour to corrupt 
 her Allies, and infinuate into the Minds of the 
 Unittd Sta'.a of the Low-Countries, all thofe Ap- 
 prehenfions which may ferve to improve thej^a- 
 Joufy they had already conceived of the French 
 Neighbourhood. Suggefting, that the Spanifo Ne 
 therlnd! are the only liar which flops the Armies 
 of Francs from over running Hvtfand, and the 
 reft of the United Province!. Jn fine, they have 
 prevailed on them to eater into a feparate jtti- 
 aice a ( id not to treat in Conjunction with the 
 Mlni&.r: at Munfler. 
 
 On the other fide, the Freneb, by their 
 Jfr'nt] in HoUand, endeavour to unmask the Ar- 
 tifice of the Spaniards ; reprefenting, that they 
 have no other Delign inj chefe Infmuations 
 
 but
 
 Vol. III. a, S p Y at P A R i s. 69 
 
 but to breed an ill Under-Handing between this 
 Crovn and the United Provinces ; that fo, by their 
 ill Offices, in time Things may come to a Rup- 
 ture, and the States be deprived of the Friendfhip 
 and Protection of France, which alone is able to 
 fupport that Commonwealth, againft the Pretenfions 
 of their old Enemies, the Spaniard. All Europe 
 is altonifh'd to fee, that notwithstanding the ut- 
 moft Condefcenfions of the French Court to con- 
 fer ve Peace, yet the Stater, led by their ill Drfliny, 
 fhould embrace the fropofals of Spain. This makes 
 a great Imprefllon on all the Miniften afTembled 
 at Munfter and fnaburgh, who now conclude, 
 that the Spaniard; only feek Occafions to perpe- 
 tuate the War in Europe- that uhihl the Princes 
 of the Empire are engaged in a Defence of their 
 Territories, and the Swedes and French are bufied 
 in purfuing their Conquefts, they may pick a 
 Quarrel with their new Friends, wftorri they have 
 deprived of a more powerful Protection, and re- 
 eflablifli themfelves in the revoked Previncet. 
 
 The Deputies have had fevcral Conferences 
 about this impertant Affair ; and the RefuJt of 
 their Counfels, is to foliicite the French Cott't, to 
 ufe its urmoft Power to prevent the ill Confe. 
 quences which thisfeparate Treaty will bring along 
 with it. 
 
 'Tis difcorfe(J here, that Mon/ttttr de la. Tuiforie 
 will be recalled from the Cturt of Svtdeland, be- 
 ing efteem'd tlie fitted Man to difluatte the Httian* 
 den from this new Mime ; he having been al- 
 ready employed in feveral Negotiations -with the 
 States, and is well vers'din the Methods of treat, 
 ing with that Nation. 
 
 This tome judge to be the-Reaforrof the Sieut 
 Chanties, being fent to S-medela-nd, "-that he may re- 
 fide at Stockholm, and contmueTto aft there in the 
 Abieace of la TuiUerie. 
 
 So
 
 7q LETTERS ^Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 So- nice and delicate in. this Affair, thatajl France- 
 cannot aft'T.d. another Man duly' tjualificd, to ma- 
 ii;igc.it with' any' Probability o..Succcfs. If he 
 }l ew net more Csndcur in tnis I^egociation, than. 
 he did when he was fent.to mediate a Peace be- 
 tween SwcdJ(>.ijHan& Denmark, he wiil receive but 
 {lender Thanks at his Return. But if he fucceeds, 
 'tis faid, 7 hat Cardinal Mazarit'i has declarad, he 
 will merit to be inftalld in tlie Q r drr of the Hsly 
 tpirif. I have formerly fpoke of this in oiic pf 
 my Letters, as the moil eminent Order of Kni&ht^ 
 kocd in Prance. 
 
 I wifh the Chrflfiani may ever find Difficulties 
 to obftruft the Meafures they take to eflablifh an 
 univerfal Pe*cg, and may continue to amufe and 
 vex one another, 'till the Day of the Scourge. 
 
 Paris, icth of the \ 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 L E T T E R 
 
 7'o the Reis Effendi, Principal Secrecary 
 
 fo^eOcroman-Lmprre. ' 
 
 1 
 
 IT is not \et publicity known u-Iir^ De/Igns 
 have moved this Court to order a mighty Fleet 
 to be fitted out to Sea : But it is privately whif. 
 per*3, That they will fail to the Levant 1 , to aflifl 
 the Venetians agajnfl: the Turks. 
 
 People difcouffc' varioufly,'. according to the 
 Strength or Weakncfs of their Reafon , and 
 Five Pays ago an old Man went t~> r.ardir.el M*. 
 z.r,'r.? t pretending to. fpcak by Infyirati.on :' Fie 
 told him, 'That 'twas in vain to truft to their 
 
 wihgecf
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS- 71 
 
 winged Caftles, (fo he called the Ships) the Mul- 
 titude of their Armies, or in the Treasures of their 
 Money ; for a Decree was fign'd in Hsaven againft 
 all the Nations in Eurepe ; that the War was begun 
 above, between the Patentees who have the Cujiody 
 of Kingdom) and Empires ; that they should foon 
 fee the Banner of the Eternal difpiay'd in the Fir- 
 mament ; that: the Stan should fight in their 
 Courfes, againft the wickea Ptcffjfurt of Cbriftia- 
 nitj ; that the Ifbwalites fhoiild come out of their 
 Holes, aad Ihould flow' down like a Torrent from 
 the Mountains of the Eaft, over-running all Cbri- 
 ftendom. In fine, that Germany, France, Italy, and 
 Spain, rhould be laid delblate, their ben rtiful Ci- 
 ties fack'd and the Inhabitants led into Captivity, 
 that the Pope, with all his Priefts, fhould be exter- 
 minated j.and, that all Nations fhou d embrace 
 tne Lavf. 
 
 They put him in Prifon,but he was- found walk- 
 ing next Day in the Streets. The Keeper chain J 
 him in -Irons, but in the Morning he was landing 
 at the Gate of the Prifon preaching to the People. 
 Some fay he is a Chymtft, and has found out the 
 Mvfter-Seaet ; others fay, He is a Prophet ; but 
 moft judge kirn to be a Magician. He feems no'v 
 ro have loft his Vigour, not being able to>^eleafe 
 himfelf from the Chains, which faiten'hinYto rhe 
 tjroujid where he lies, yet he continues to foretel 
 the Ruin of Chr'jlendcm. 'Tis faid he will be fent 
 to Rome, there to receive Sentence of the Holy fa. 
 r , according to his Demerits. I am no Admirer 
 of Pt/ionarics ; yet there appears ibmething ex- 
 traordinary in the Cqnftancy of this Man. J in,e 
 ivi;l demonftrate, whether hebe'arra* or a fa'tft 
 
 . 
 
 A Courier came to this Ciry laft Night from 
 f <&/</ who brings Letters from Men/it if Cba- 
 t, which f<ty, That he hasxeoeived great Encou- 
 
 ragement
 
 7i LETTERS Writ ly Vol.111. 
 
 ragement to hope for the Ships which he was to 
 buy in stoedelar.d. Thou haft already heard, that 
 Monsieur la T-tillcrie, ^wkfiffador from this Crevn 
 to Queen Ckriftina. was thought the only proper 
 Jnftrument to diiTwade the U*tttd States of the 
 Low Countries, from entring into a feparate Treaty 
 with Spain- and that therefore Monji-.u? Chanut 
 was fent to refide in his Abfence at Sttckbolm, to 
 obferve what pafies, and to continue the dlliimct 
 between the two Crownt. 
 
 This Minifler arrived in SvfiJeltna 1 , the i 5 th 
 Day of the Mc: of Dcctntber, in the laft Year ; 
 where Mo^Jteur la Tui Serif, had prepared all things 
 ready for a fpeedy Difpatch of his Negotiation : 
 having the Day before his Arrival made known 
 to that Court the Pleafure of the King of Frame, 
 and the Queen Regent, whofe Letters were receiv'd 
 by Quefn chriftina, with all the Marks of Royal 
 AffeHon ; fhe telling the dtatajfiutor, that flic in- 
 finitely honoured the Perfons of the King and the 
 Queen Rrgent ; and, that fiie would give them fuch 
 Proofs of the Integrity of her Friendfhip, as 
 would demon (Irate, That fhe was fenfible of her 
 Obligations to them, for what they had contri- 
 buted to the good Succefs of her Affairs : And 
 that there was nothing more dear to her, not more 
 fixed in tier Refolution, than to conferve inviola- 
 bly the L<ague that was between them. She far- 
 ther told the Amb*ft"*dors, that it was with no or- 
 dinary Complacency (he now beheld two Miniftert 
 of France in her Corr, after flie had been without 
 any for a long Time. In fine, fte allured them, 
 TV; at whatsoever could be fpared from the necef- 
 fary Defence and Service of the Kingdom, whe- 
 ther Ships, Arms or Men, fliould not be wanting 
 to the Aid $f the King of Franct. 
 
 By this thou mayeft perceive, That though the 
 King of Franct has powerful Armies by Land, 
 
 yet
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. ,7.* 
 
 yet he is defeftLve in Naval forces . Or, if he has 
 Ships enough to defend his own Realms by Sea, 
 and ro ferve as Convoys to his Merchants, ic 
 muft be concluded, that fome foreign Expedition 
 is defign'd, which has put him upon this extra, 
 ordinary Method to encreafe his Fleet. 
 
 I thought it highly neceflary to acquaint thee 
 with this PafTage, that the Minifterj of the Port, 
 auguft and ever happy, may confult what Mea- 
 fures to take with this Prince, if it be true, That 
 he defigns to break the League which he mads 
 with Sultan Ibrahim four Years ago. There is but 
 little Confidence to be repofed in the moft folemrc 
 Oaths of Chriflian Manarchs, who hold not them- 
 felves obliged to keep Faith with thofe whom 
 they efteem Infidels-, and, thou knoweft, that is 
 the beft Title they can afford the Obferven of tho 
 moft perfect Law in the World. Yet the French, 
 among all the Nations of the Mfjfiat, feemto bear 
 the greateft Refpecl to the Ottoman Empire. But 
 they are inconftant and changeable, which is arc 
 Argument of Infmcerity; They are very prompt 
 and warm in contracting Friendfhips, and as rea- 
 dy to infringe thofe facred Bonds, on the leafl 
 Occailon, efpecially where Intereft and Ambi- 
 tion have the Afcendent. 
 
 The Vene! : an Rejtdent at this Court makes daily 
 Vifits to the Queen Regent, and has frequent Con- 
 ferences with Cardinal Mazarini. Many Courier? 
 pafs between Munjte?, S:ackholm, and this City. 
 Yefterday one arrived from the fensn'aa Ambaf- 
 fador at Muvfter, giving an Account that the Se- 
 cretary of that Emba/y, whom he had fent to 
 Queen Cbnftitta, was return'd with the Promiie 
 of eight Ships of War, lent by the Queen to the 
 Rtftffiltci, to aflift them againft the All- conquer- 
 ing Mujfitlman, 
 
 E It
 
 74 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 It feems as if Sweden were become the com. 
 mon drfenal of Europe, from which the other 
 Kingdoms are fupply'd with all the Inftruments 
 cf War. But what is moft obfervable, is, that the 
 Venetians obtain'd not this Favour, without the 
 Mediation of the French Miniflen at Sttekhtlm. By 
 which it feems evident, that this Cturt has newly 
 entered into a private League with the Republiok ; 
 and that they defign to furprize the Ottomnnr 
 with fome fudden Enterprize by Sea. 
 
 I fhall not let a Moment efcape, which may 
 prefent me with the leaft Opportunity, to difco- 
 ver what is in the Hearts of the Infidels. 
 
 If thou wilt favour me with thy Inflruftions, 
 I fhall make the fafer Steps. God, whofe Eye 
 penetrates into all Obfcurities, enlighten us with 
 a Ray to that Wifdom, which once revealed to 
 his Mcjfevger the fecret Confpiracy of the Corel's 
 when they plotted to deftroy the Temfle built 
 xvithout Haxdf. 
 
 Paris, i jth of the zd Moon, 
 of the Te/ir 1 646. 
 
 LETTER XXI. 
 
 To William Vofpel, a Reclufe, at Hal- 
 n-ierftadt in Auftria. 
 
 I Received thy Letter with abundance of Com 
 placency, in that it argues the Continuance 
 of thy Fdendfhip ; and that I trace therein no 
 Foorfteps of an angry Pen, notwithftanding the 
 Liberty I took to defcant on thy manner of 
 Life. On the contrary, thou fendeft me an Apo- 
 logy
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 77 
 
 logy full of Meelmefs. Thy Reafons have a mar- 
 vellous Force in them ; they feem to fpring from 
 a Soul vegete and living, yet dead to Paflion. 
 Thou almoft perfuadeft me to affeft a mnafliek 
 Life, which may not unfitly be term'd a fociable 
 Solitude. 
 
 I much admire what thou fay'ft concerning Si. 
 lence, and wifh I could pra&ife that pajjivi Per- 
 tue. It is the firft Step of Wifdom, the Nurfe of 
 Peace, and the Guardian of Vertue. Words do 
 but ruffle and difcompofe the Mind, betraying 
 the Soul to a thouiand Vanities- Therefore Py- 
 tb'gorat enjoyn'd his Difciples five Years Si- 
 lince, before he admitted them to his myfteriotit 
 Phi'.efiphy. 
 
 But tell m.e why thou didft not rather chute 
 to live in a Defai-t remote from Men, where 
 thou woudlft have no Temptation to fpeak, un- 
 lei's thou wert difpoicd to hold a Conference with 
 the Trees or Breafts, or hadft a mind to fport thy 
 felf, and have thy Words retorted by mocking 
 Echo's ? If a Rfdufe Life be thy Choice, for the 
 fake of Contemplation, I would advife thee to 
 turn Hirmit. But perhaps thou dared not ven- 
 ture thy felf among the S*tyrs of the Wildtrneft, 
 or thou art afraid of the Wild Beafts. As for the 
 firft, they are either the Dreams of Potts ; or i 
 there be any fuch Beings in reality, they will not 
 hurt thee, fince thou voluntarily fofakeft tha 
 Company of Men, to become a Sjlvan, as 
 they are As for the latter, I mufl confefs, I 
 cannot difcommend thy Fear, there being no 
 Friendftiip or Intelligence common between us 
 and the Lyons, Tygers, Bears, &c of the Forefl-. 
 Yet I can tell, thee for thy Comfort, that by 
 long and afliduous Pra&ice, the fiercefl: of thefe 
 Creatures have been taught to converfe witli 
 Men, to obey their Commands, and to t perform 
 2 the
 
 7 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 t';e Parts of diligent Servants , and faithful 
 .Friends. 
 
 This WiMcrmeft will afford thee a fair Opportu- 
 nity of ftudying the Natures of Plants and Ani- 
 .mals, the various Alterations in the Elements, the 
 Influence of the Winds and Rains, Meteors and 
 exhalations, -with many other Secrets which are 
 hid from the greateft part of Men, who are bu- 
 lied alive in populous Towns and Cities, baniih'd 
 from the Familiarity of their Mother Earth, and 
 raoft of -her genuine Produces. 
 
 In the Defart, the unforced Harmony of Birds 
 ftall lull thy Soul in innocent and grateful Slum- 
 .hers; the gentle Winds lhall waft immortal 
 Whifperstothy raviuYd Ears, breathing unutter- 
 able Sounds from Paradife. The murmuring 
 Streams fliall warble forth their foft and fweet 
 eternal Storiet. All fhall confpire to ferve thy 
 Contemplation, and to tranfport thy Mind with 
 facred Ecftafles. 
 
 If after all this thou (halt prefer the wonattiek 
 Enclofure, follow thy Resolution , and be happy. 
 Only remember, That though thy Body be Ihut 
 up within thofe Walls, yet if thy Mind ftraggle 
 5n vain and worldly Thoughts, thou art no long- 
 er a Reclufe. Adieu. 
 
 .gParis, as?* of the zd Moon, 
 tf .the 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. 9 SPY at PARISH T7 
 
 LETTER XXII. 
 
 To the Captain Baffcu 
 
 IF all be triie that I have Reaftm to 
 wilt find a wram Divertifement at Sea this* 
 spring- Though the European! have feem'd (low 
 in their Preparations to aflift the State of Venice, 
 fuffering their feparate Interefts to fuperfede the 
 Care of that RepubHck, yet now they turn their 
 Eyes thither. Their Backwardnefs hitherto is 
 owing to the Secrecy with which our fage Empe~- 
 rr meditated the prefent War. His Counfels- 
 were never whifper'd out of the Seraglio, 'till the 
 fame Winds transported the News, which wafted 
 our invincible Fleet to the Shore of Candy. Now 
 they behold the Ocean cover'd with 'the Ships of 
 the Eaftirn Empire, Fear fiirprizes them ; the Pn'n- 
 cet of the Nazarenet tremble. They look no long-* 
 er on the Repubtick of Venice with the Eyes of 
 Envy, becaufe of her Preheminence in Trafficlc, 
 but with another Regard : They confider iier as 
 itiQB'ilvoark oCkriftenaom,t\\Q only Bank of which 
 has hitherto itemm'd the Tide of the Ottoman Pu- 
 iffance, and ftopp'd our victorious Armies from 
 overflowing all Europe. 
 
 1 have informed the Reif Effendi, of what I 
 knew concerning the naval Forces which are fit- 
 ting out in feveral Parts of the North and fPtft, 
 to aid the Venetians ; but I bave not told him 
 what the Chriftiant fay of thee, neither -am I 
 willing to believe it. They fpeak of thee,. as of 
 a Man not more difficult to be corrupted , than 
 was thy Predeceflbr, who was ftrangled by the 
 Order of the Sultanefs Mother. This Cenf lire, I 
 hope, is an Effecl of their Impotence ; while 
 
 E 3 they
 
 78 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 they flatter themfelves with the Imagination of 
 bribing him, from whofe Courage and Fortune 
 they can expeft nothing but Defeats. 
 
 They truft much in the Force of thy Birth and 
 Education, and difcourfe of' a certain *raghal 
 Character, imprinted en thy Soul, when thou 
 waft baptized, which : they fay, is indelible ; and 
 they promife themfelves, that thy native Chriflia- 
 nity has more Influence on thy Heart, then for- 
 ced Ctrcumcjiox and that thou wilt not fight 
 with any Zeal, againft Men of the fame Princi- 
 ple, as thofe who gave thee thy Breath. But they 
 confide more in the Charms of their Gold, with 
 which they defign to bribe thee. In fine, they 
 drank Healths to the bon;ft Revagado. So they 
 term him, who commands the whole Fleet of the 
 Ottcman Empire. 
 
 I do not give Credit to thefe Calumnies, having 
 good grounds to boa ft of thy Integrity. How- 
 ever, I counfel thee, by fome extraordinary Ser- 
 vice to thy M*fter> to give the Lye to thefe Infidels : 
 And fufler not that, which at prefent may be but 
 a bare Sufpicion, to be improved by thy Negleft 
 or Cowardice, into a palpable Evidence, that 
 rhou art falfe and perfidious to tlie Supreme Lord 
 of the Glebe. 
 
 Paris, 6th of (be T,d Moon, 
 ff tkt r t r 1646. 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. a S p Y at P A R i s. 751 
 
 LETTER XXIIi: 
 
 To Adonai, a, Jew at Venice. 
 
 NO W thou art fiVd, 'tis time to write to 
 thee Thou haft been a Rambler thefe 
 three or four Years, and no Body knew where to 
 find thee. I have received eleven Difyatchcs from 
 thee, fince thy firft Departure from Geuoua ; 
 wherein thou haft informed me of many PafTages 
 of Stte. Now I defire thee to fend me fome 
 Remarks, of the diiFerent Nature of the People 
 thou haft feen, their various Cuftoms and Laws, 
 with whatfoever was worthy Obfervation in thy 
 Travels. 
 
 Italy is a fair Field, yet produces Darml as well 
 as vholfome Corn. It is a beautiful Garden, yet 
 bears Aconite intermix'd with her Rofes : Great 
 Virtue?, and no lefs Vices. This Region is famous 
 for the Wifilom of its Inhabitants, and for their 
 Proverbs : Ir is the Arabia of Europe, in many 
 Senfes ; yet much lefTen'd in its Renown, fines 
 the Decline of the Roman Empire. The Goths and 
 Vandals turned all into Defortf where they came, 
 and have left fuch Imprefllons of their Northern 
 Barbarifm behind them, as made the People they 
 conquer' d half Savages. Hence came the general. 
 Decay of Learning and Knowledge in thefe Weftern 
 Parts : Hence the Corruption of ancient Man- 
 ners The Great, the Noble, and the Wife , 
 bowed under the Yoke of their New Ma(hrt , 
 learn'd their Falhions, and gloried in their 
 Shame Their Examples influenced the Vulgar ; 
 Debauchery became modifh and authentick. Thus 
 a general Depravation of priftine Integrity took 
 place, and Men became vicious by a Law. 
 
 E 4 Ne ithei
 
 So LE'TTERS Writ ly Vol. HI. 
 
 Neither has Wickednefs planted it felf only in 
 Eurcfe : The Sea could not ftop this boundlefs 
 Evil. j4fia is inferred alfo, and the Vice of Italy 
 is tranfported to the Empire c." rhe true Reliever s. 
 Thcu haft feen all the chief Cities between the 
 sJ?; and Rhenium, which is the utmoft Angle of 
 Italy, to the South : Tell me, whether Sodom 
 could exceed any of them in Licenticufnefs : We 
 will not except even Rome, the Seat of the Cbn'. 
 8ian Mxfci. Thefe Uncinumctfed have learned of 
 thy Nation, to call the anciert Philopkeri, Infidels . 
 Eut had any of thofe Sages lived to fee the 
 Abominations of the wdem Nazareani, they 
 would have defpifed the Faith which produced no 
 better Works. 
 
 4/tinai put in Practice the Import of thy Name, 
 be Lord of thy felf; and if thou ftumbleft at the 
 Light of the Mu/fulmam, walk in that of Mofes, 
 but ftiun the Paths of the Chrijliam for they are 
 enveloped in Darknefs, and grope at Mid-day. 
 Live according to Reafsn, and thou fhalt be hap. 
 py. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, iBth of the id Moon t 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XXIV. 
 
 To Miiftapha., Berber Aga. 
 
 TH E prefent War of Candg is like to ren. 
 tier that y/7*^asmuch the -Subjeft of the 
 World's Diftourfe, as it was formerly famous, 
 for being the Cradle of Jufiter. In thofe Days 
 it was called Crete, much celebrated in the 
 Writings of the Greek Poetf. Afterwards it 
 
 became
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 81 
 
 became a Province of the Roman Empire ; than of 
 the Grecians next it fubmitted to the Saracent 
 But in the Time of the Chnjtian Expeditions in 
 Palfline, when Baldwin Earl of Flanderi waSv 
 crown' d Emperor of Cvnftantinoplt, this Ifland came 
 into his PofTeflion ; which he gave to a certain 
 valiant Commander in his Army, a Man of a no- 
 ble Defcent, of whom the Venetians " purchafed 
 it ; and in their Hands it has continned ever 
 fmce. But now, in all probability, it will be the 
 Prize of Arms which nothing fublimary can 
 refift. 
 
 The Pofts from lt*ly and the Sea Coafts of this 
 Kingdom confirm each other's News ; all a- 
 greeing, That notwithftanding theutmoft Efforts 
 of the Venetian; and Canttiots, to hinder the Re- 
 lief of Canea, yet our General is got into that 
 Haven with vaft Quantities of Provifions, and a 
 fufficient Reinforcement of Men. They add, that 
 Forty thoufand of our Soldiers have made a De- 
 fcent in another Part of the I/land, have gain'd 
 the Forts of Cifttrnes Celmi, and Bicorno, and 
 were on their March towards Suda, with a Defign 
 to befiege that Place. They accufe our General 
 of barbarous Cruelty, in that he caufed Five of 
 the principal Niblemc* of that Kingdom to be puc 
 to Death, becaufe they refufed to betray their 
 Country, or enter into the Interefts of the Grand 
 Signiar. 
 
 I muft confefs, magnificent 4g, that what- 
 ever may be faid in Commendation of this Gene- 
 ral's Policy, and Fidelity to his Mofltr ; ic is no 
 Argument of the Goodnefs of his Difpofition. 
 I rather admire the Temper of the Duke of Or. 
 leans, who, when Graveling was furrendred to him, 
 juft as he enter'd the Town, was heard to fay thefe 
 .Words ; Let *t endeavour, by generoui ABionf t 
 to win the Htartt ef nil Men; fo may we hope 
 
 E 5' ' '
 
 8i LETTERS Writ ly Vol.IIT. 
 
 for a dally Vsftorj. Ltt the French learn from me, 
 this new Wy of Cwqueft, tu fubdue fdtn by Macy 
 and Clemency. 
 
 Thefe are heroick Sentiments, and agree well 
 with the Charafter of this Prince, who is laid ne- 
 ver to have been the Author of any Man's Death, 
 nor to have revenged himfelf of any Injury ; yet 
 a valiant Soldier, an expert Commander, and no 
 fcad Politician. 
 
 It is not hid from the Curt, with what a 
 matchlefs Virtue he difmifs'd a Gentleman that 
 \vas hired to murder him. This ^Jf*]Jtt was fuf- 
 fer'd to pafs into the 'Duke's Bed Chamber one 
 Morning early, pretending Bufinefs of great Mo 
 ment from the Queen As foon as the Duke cad 
 his Eyes on him, hefpoke thus ; / knsv thy Bujt-. 
 s.eff, Friend ; thoa art fent to take away my Life 
 What hurt have I done tbet ? It is ntw in my Pover, 
 with a Word, to have thee cut in Pieces before my 
 face. But I pardon thee go thy way, and fee my 
 Face no mere. 
 
 The Gentleman, flung with his own Guilt, 
 and aftoniflTd at the excellent Nature of this 
 Prince , fell on IMS Knees, confefs'd his Defign, 
 and who employ'd him : And having promifed 
 eternal Gratitude for this Royal Favour, depart- 
 ed without any other Notice taken of him ; and 
 fearing to tarry in France, enter'd himfelf into 
 the Service of the Spanish King It was his For- 
 tune afterwards to encounter the Duke of Orleans, 
 in a Battel in Flanders. The Duke, at this Inftant, 
 was opprefled with a Croud of Gtrmans who fur- 
 rounded him, and. in the Conflift, he loft his 
 Sword Which this Gentleman perceiving, nim- 
 bly ftepp'd to him and deliver'd one into the 
 Duke*! Hands, faying withal, Nov reaf the Fruit of 
 thy former Clemency. Thou gavtft me my Life, nov 
 J put th(t fa * Capacity to deftnd iky 9vn. The 
 
 Prince,
 
 Vol 
 
 ol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 83 
 
 Prince, by this means, at length efcaped the Dan- 
 ger he was in ; and that Day the Fortune of War 
 was on his fide. The Frsnck had a considerable 
 Vidory. 
 
 Thou feeft by this, that heroick Aclions have 
 fomething divine in them, andattraft the Favours 
 of Heaven. No Man ever was a icfer by good 
 Works; for tho* he be not prefently rewarded,, 
 yet in Traft of Timefome happy Lmergency or 
 other arifes to convince him, Tfat virtuous Men 
 are the Darlings of Providence. 
 
 Thou that art near the Perfon of the Grand 
 Signier, may ft find an Opportunity to relate this. 
 Story to him, which may make no unprofitable 
 Impreffion on his Mind. Princes ever ftand in 
 need of faithful Monitors. 
 
 Adieu, great Minifter, and favour Mahmuf 
 \vith the Continuance of thy Frote&ion anil 
 Friendfhip. 
 
 Paris, 2jf. f the ^d Moon, 
 of the Tear 1 646. 
 
 LETTER XXV. 
 
 1o NaiTuf, Baffa of Natolia. 
 
 I Received thy Letter as an Argument of the 
 Continuance of that Friendfhip which was 
 between us, when we lived together in the Sera- 
 glio. Since that time thou and I have been em 
 pleyed abroad, in different Services of our * 
 g/f Emperor, who now rewarded thy Fidelity 
 with a Command ; which, if ic be not adequate 
 to thy Merit, is neyerthelefs agreeable to thy 
 
 E 6 1 con.
 
 84 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. TIT. 
 
 I congratulate thy Honour, and wifh dice a 
 gradual I ncreafe of it ; for ludden and violent 
 Leaps are dangerous But our glorious Sultan 
 difcovers his Abilities in nothing more eminent!}', 
 than in adapting Places of Truft to the Deferts 
 and Capacities of his faithful Slavtf. So that if 
 he fhould in time think fit to exalt thee to the 
 higheft Dignity in the State, we might from the 
 Choice of fo wife a Prince prefage thee a better 
 Fortune than befel one of thy Name, in the Reign 
 of Sultan 4chmut III. who from a Slave fold in 
 the Market for three Sequins, was advanced to 
 an Honour too weighty for his Virtue ; being 
 made Pizir dum, and Lord of the moft delici- 
 ous Province in dp. But being ambitious of 
 abfolute Sovereignty, he plotted Treafon againft 
 his M*fter, which being difcover'd, the fatal Firm 
 Was fign'd, and all his Defigns were ftifled with a 
 Bow-ftring. 
 
 By this'thou may'ft comprehend, how neceflary 
 it is for Princes not to over-load any Man with 
 Dignities, beyond the Proportion of his Humility 
 and Faithfulnefs. Yet Rewards well placed, give 
 new Vigour to the Endeavours of a Slave, where- 
 as when good Services are flighted, it does but 
 quench the Ardour with which they were per- 
 form'd. Few Men are fo fpiritual, as to do great 
 and heroick Things, purely for the fake of inter. 
 nal Complacency. And I doubt not but the Dedi 
 themfelves, in fo freely facrificing their Lives for 
 their Country, had regard to Human Glory. 
 Even Seneca, whom one would take for the moflr 
 mortify'd Stoitk of that Age by his Writing!, yee 
 is conceived to have found more Encouragement 
 in the Treafures of Gold, with which Nero's 
 bounty had fiil.'d his Ccffers, than all his Mtralt, 
 of which he had fuch refined Sentiments, and 
 elegant Expreflion$ f 
 
 Whac
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 8? 
 
 What I have faid, thou haft Wifdom enough 
 to apply to thy felf, without being vain glorious : 
 Let thofe whom thou employeft in any meritori- 
 ous Services, and who discharge their Truft well, 
 be encouraged with the fame Proportions of 
 Bounty. Munificence will not only add to thy 
 Glory, but alfo advance thy Intereft, fince thou 
 wilt ever have Occafion for thy Slave* : And he 
 ivho has once tafted thy Liberality as a Reward 
 for any eminent Performance, had he no other 
 Motive than the Pleafure of renewing fo profita- 
 ble an Experiment, will freely hazard his Life to 
 ferve thee in an Extremity. 
 
 This Method thou wilt find of no fmall Ufe to 
 thee, in the Wars to which thou art going, where 
 it will be necefTary for thee to recompenfe the 
 leaft fmgular Bravery of the meaneft Soldier, not 
 only with Applaufe, but with fome Preferment in 
 the Army. This will not only prove a Spur to 
 others, but even to the Perfon fo rewarded ; and 
 put him upon new Efforts of Courage, to attract 
 the Eyes of his munificent General. This will be 
 the way for thee, in time, to have an Army corn- 
 pofed all of Captains, or Men qualified for fuch. 
 
 Yet let not this diminifh the Severity of that 
 Difcipline, which is requilite to retain a profpe- 
 rous Army in their Obedience. I counfel thee to 
 be ftrift in requiring the leaft military Duty, and 
 induftrious in performing thy own part, which 
 will be an Example to the reft ; yet rather befor- 
 ward to lead in Labours, than in Dangers: In re- 
 gard thou wilt be more ferviceable in a Battel, 
 by thy counfels and Orders, than by perfonally 
 entering the Combat. In all things prefer the 
 Welfare of the Ottoman Empire, to whatsoever 
 elfe is moil dear to thee, even to thy own Honour, 
 which yet ought to be dearer to thee than thy 
 Life. 
 
 If
 
 8(5 LETTERS writ ly Vol.111. 
 
 If them thinkcft I have taken too much Liberty 
 to advifethee, accufe rhy fe!f for having honour' cl 
 me with thy Friendthip, which admits of no 
 
 Paris, T-k of tke qtk Moon, 
 ef the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XXVI. 
 
 To the -Kaimacham. 
 
 IT is a vaft Difappointment to the ffauti*ni,tka 
 oar General in Candy has fo opportunely rc- 
 ViclualFd Ctnea.&nd increas'd the Garri ion there. 
 Mcrifitii is blam'd for this, by thofe that wifh him 
 no Good. What will not Envy fugged, when it 
 beholds a Man on the Top of Honour ? This Ge- 
 neral, to give an Enemy his Due, is a Man of 
 Spirit and true Fortitude ; neither courting, nor 
 munning Dangers in the Service of his Country ; ' 
 but when once engaged in Perils for that Caufe, 
 he is fearlefs as a Lion. If he has not hitherto 
 had Occafton to give the State fo defperate a Proof 
 of Loyalty, as once did the Roman Cu'tiits (who, 
 bravely gallop'd into the bottomlefs Ckafm to pa- 
 cifyjtheir angry Gods;) yet he has often demon- 
 ftrated, that his Courage and Fidelity come not 
 Ihort of the ancient Htrois. In a Word, he has 
 done too much for the Republick of Venice, to e- 
 fcape the Spleen of other Grandees. All muft be 
 Gintrah, or the War will not profper. Each 
 Man's Ambition diftates this to the state, that a 
 Man of Conduft would foon expel the Turks out 
 of that l/land : Thus in his Conceit, laying a 
 Train for his own Promotion. 
 
 Would'ft
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 87 
 
 Would'ft thou know Morofini's Crime, that 
 excites all this Paflion ? To fpeak the Truth, it 
 was an Overfight advantageous to the Ottomans. 
 He put out with his whole Fleet to Sea, and left 
 the Port of Canea open. By which means, three 
 of our Ships got in with Plenty cf Provisions. 
 So that the Town is now in a Condition to fu. 
 {lain a long Siege, and the Kaetiam defpair of 
 ever recovering it. Vet Mo -tftni has made fo 
 plaufible an Apology, that the Sewate have acquit- 
 red him, not judging it confident either with Ju. 
 ftice or their Intereft, to fuffer one Miican iage, 
 the Effect of a fair Intention, to out-weigh his 
 numerals Merits and Services. For, the Occafion 
 of his thus fuddenly abandoning the Avenue of 
 that Haven was, to chafe ibme of our VelTels, 
 then under Sail, not many Leagues oft; and the 
 taking of thofe Vefiels, on Board of which were 
 abundance of Slavef, juftified- to the Senate, the 
 Truth of his Pretenfions. However, there are 
 not wanting fuch as fay, he held a private Cor- 
 refpondence with our General: Others, that the 
 prefent Governcu* of Canea has formerly taken 
 Captive at Sea a Son of Morifinfs, whom he now 
 offer'd to reftore, in cafe he would withdraw his 
 Ships from before the Haven for a few Days. I 
 know not how far this may be credited. But 'tis 
 a certain Truth that Morejinf has his Son again, 
 and he defended himfelf by pleading, that he re- 
 deem' d him by exchanging a Mahometan Captive 
 of equal Duality , whom he had aboard his 
 Ship. 
 
 And, thou knoweft, that this manner of Bar. 
 rer is lawful in War. Advni the Jew fends me 
 this Intelligence, and I dare believe him. For 
 fince the InftruKons I fent him to Genoua, he 
 has taken care to afcertain his Reports. I wifh' it 
 were as true, that Moriftni could be prevailed 
 
 no
 
 88 LETTERS Writ ly Vol.111. 
 
 on to accept the Friendfhip of the fubhme Port. 
 But the Character of that General gives me no 
 Encouragement to hope for fo fortunate a Trea- 
 chery, from his fevere Virtue. 
 
 However, I will hope and believe, that the 
 eternal Patron f true Believers, will give fuch a 
 happy I flue to the Qtteman Arms in Candy, and 
 all other Parts, as fhall difpofe the Nawenes that 
 remain unconquer'd, to honour HIM whom they 
 have hitherto defpifed and blafphemed ; even the 
 Prophet, who could neither write nor read. 
 
 Paris, Jth. / the tft}) Moon, 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XXVII. 
 
 To Cara Hali,, a Phyfician at Con- 
 ftantinopie. 
 
 TH E Time of the Year is now come, where, 
 in the Earth turns her infide out, and Na- 
 ture calls forth the hidden Virtues of that Ele- 
 menti to grace the World with an infinite Variety 
 of pleafant Forms and Colours. The Eye is loft in 
 fuch a Croud of different Beauties,and every Senfe 
 is ravifh'd with delightful Objefts. The young 
 Men and Virgins throng the Fields, to behold the 
 Refurreftion of Flowers and Herbs ; and the Old 
 feel new Vigours fpringing in their Bodies, as 
 though they had been in Medea's Cauldron. Even 
 Makmtt himfelf who has droop'd all the Winter, 
 now begins to lift up his Head, and partake in 
 the common Reftauration of ali Things. 
 
 IF
 
 Vol.11!, it SPY** PARIS- 89 
 
 If I am capable of guefling at the Occafion of 
 my frequent Sicknefs, I believe it may in part be 
 attributed to the want of frefh Air, in the place 
 where I lodge. There is "a vaft Difference be. 
 tween the Streets of P*m, and thofe of Conftan- 
 tlnople. I feem to my felf to be buried alive in 
 this clofe City, where my Chamber-Window af- 
 fords me no farther Profpeft than I can f^it ; 
 whereas in Cwftantutople the Gardens are fo in- 
 termix'd with Houfes, that it looks like a City in 
 the midft of a Foreft ; and by the Advantage of 
 its Situation, is always refielhed with .Breezes 
 from the Sea. 
 
 Defines the Impurity of thefe li.fidelt, who em- 
 pty all their Filth in the Streets, ib that the Dire 
 of Paris may be fmelt fome Miles off;, the Un- 
 cleannefs of their Diet, contributes in no fmall 
 meafure to my Difremper ; being forced either to 
 feed on Flefli with the Blood in it, or live on 
 Herbs. They laugh at the Nicenefs of the Ma/- 
 fulmaxr, who will eat no Meat that was knock'd 
 down or ftrangled. They feem to be greedy of 
 Blood, faving it in Veflels, and mixing it with 
 Flower of Wheat make a certain Bread thereof, 
 which they devour without the leaft S'queamifh- 
 nefs. A true Reliever would tremble at the Sight 
 of fuch Impiety. I tell thee, it is impofiible to 
 live among them, and not be polluted : They 
 have no Methods of Purification. They wallow, 
 and hug themfelves in their Uncleannefs : They 
 are worfe than the Hearts. 
 
 Now the Spring has provided a New Banquet, 
 wherein there is no Impurity, I am refolv'd to 
 ]ive like a Mutfulman, and conform to the Pre- 
 cepts of our koly Lawgiver who when he beholds 
 my Zeal and Abftinence, will fend the dngel of 
 Health from his Parattife, to repair my decay 'd 
 Conftituticn. 
 
 The
 
 $o LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 The F r ech Philofopbert are bulled in an inqul- 
 fition after certain kinds of Birds, which from 
 the fecond Day cf this Mean they fay are not 
 to be found in the whole Kingdom, though the 
 Woods and Fields were full of them during the 
 Winter. Some are of Opinion, That they fly to 
 the Mann ; aflerting, That if their Wings will but 
 carry them beyond the magnetick Force of the 
 Earth, it will be no Pain to glide through the 
 upper airy Region, 'till they arrive within the 
 attractive Energy of that Planet, where they will 
 n*tur.illy feek Reft. Others, with more Probabi- 
 lity, fay, That thefe Birds take their Flight to 
 fome other Region on Earth, whofe Climate is 
 more agreeable to their Natures, at this time of 
 the Year. 
 
 I wifh I could as eafily once a Year take my 
 Flight to Cottftantineple, where my Heart is Win- 
 tt' and Summer. Adieu, dear Hati, and pity A/<*&- 
 mm, who counts himfelf unhappy in nothing fo 
 much, as in being abfent from his Friends. 
 
 Paris, '?.' of the qth Mtcw, 
 t the Tear 
 
 LETTER. XXVIII. 
 
 To the Tefterdar, cr Lord-Treafurer. 
 
 IT appears, that F^nce has fome extraordinary 
 I Dtfign by Sea : When and where ^ twill be put 
 in Execution, is not yet known ; but th^ vaft 
 Preparations that are making feem to threaten 
 fome foreign Invafions, rather than a Naval Com- 
 bat : It looks as if they had an Expedition in 
 Hand greater than that of Xoxti j to make a 
 
 Bridge
 
 Vol. III. 
 
 Bridge over the Ocean, and join the feparated 
 Pares of the World together. New ^rfenalt are 
 built in feveral Maritime Towns, and all the Fo- 
 refts are cut down to fill them with Timber for 
 Ships of War : The Mountains are left naked of 
 Trees; and the ftately Woods are tranfplanted in- 
 to the Heavens . An infinite Number of Men &re 
 cmploy'd in making Cordage, Chains, Bullets, 
 Anchors, Ordnance, and all other NecelTaries 
 belonging to a Navy. 
 
 This is Cardinal M*xr/i*$ Project, under Pre- 
 tence of fetting the Poor of the Kingdom at 
 Work, and Disburdening the Commonwealth of 
 Vagabonds and idle Perfons. But Mabmut is not 
 placed here, to be amufed with State-Umbrages. 
 It is evident, that this Miaifter defi^ns to render 
 his Mafter formidable on both Elements. Agents 
 are fent to buy Ships in all Parts ; and the very 
 Peafantsare forced from the Vineyards and Fields, 
 to man the greateft Fleet that ever this Kingdom 
 fitted out to Sea. 
 
 Laft Moon the Sieur fie Quejne was fent to afilft 
 Moxfieur Chanut, in purchasing Vefiels in Swede* 
 land. It feems there had been fome Demurs in 
 his Negociation; to remove which this latter 
 was fent with frefh Infrru&ions. But Monjieur 
 Cbanut rejehd him ; and ten Days ago came 
 an Exprefs from that Minifrer, defiring, that a 
 more intelligent Colleague might be fent him, 
 in regard he foundit difficult to treat fuccefsfully 
 with a People too much elated with continual 
 Victories. 
 
 Upon this, the C*rt have fent a darter to 
 Stockholm with new Orders, whereby he is for- 
 bid to make any further Overtures in order to 
 the Continuance of the League between thefe 
 two Crowns ; That Frana may not always appear 
 in a fuppliant Pofture, whilft the Swedes feem 
 
 carelefs
 
 9^ LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill . 
 
 carelefs to conferve a Friendfliip which they 
 themfelves firfr. coveted. 
 
 Thefe Mifunderftandings may in a fhort time 
 proceed to a greater Alienation ; and in the End, 
 to an open Rupture. Which has the more Pro- 
 bability, ia that General Koningfrnark lately flop- 
 ped fome Fftnck Troops in their March, under 
 Pretence of feeing their Pa/T-ports ; but really, 
 as 'tis thought, to corrupt the Soldiers, and with- 
 draw them from the Fidelity they owe their So- 
 vereign. 
 
 This is highly refented here ; and they begin to 
 difcourfe of making Peace with Germany. 
 
 What the Iflue of thefe Thi-igs will be, is yet 
 in the dark ; but G^, from whofe Throne hangs 
 the Chain of Dejiiny, which reaches to the Center 
 of the Earth, will, I hope, fo difpofe of all Hu- 
 man Events, that the Quarrels of the Nazarenet 
 ftall minifter occasion to the Ofwans to ericreafe 
 the Territories of our puifTant Emperor. 
 
 Paris, i/? / the fth Mto t 
 of the Ti*r 
 
 LETTER XXIX. 
 To Nathan Ben Saddi, a Jew at Vienna. 
 
 1 Cannot but highly applaud the Refolution thou 
 I haft taken, as thy Letter intimates, to enquire 
 into the Greundi of the Religion rhou art of. This 
 ihews, that thou fetteft a Value on thy Reafon^ 
 and thinkefl: thy felf beyond the Pupillage of a 
 Child; that thou efteemeft thy felf of Years to 
 make a Choice of thy Religion, asd not to take 
 it up on the bare Credit of thy Fre -fathers. 'Tis 
 
 certain,
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS^ 93 
 
 certain, that Error may be traditional as well as 
 Truth : and the Pagan Idolaters pleaded a greater 
 Antiquity for the Altars of their Gods, than could 
 the Followers of Mofes, for the Temple of Jerufa- 
 lent, the Tabernacle in the Defart, or the Promul- 
 gation of the Lave it felf on Mount Sinai : Since 
 there was fcarce a Region on the Continent, which 
 had not eftablijtid Rites and Ceremonies of Worjhip, 
 long before Mofet, or even Jacob, the great Father 
 of the Ifraelitei, were born. 
 
 Among the reft of the Nations, Arabia, my na- 
 tive Country, was peculiarly blefTed with the 
 Footfteps of the illuftrious Ibrahim, Grandfather 
 to Ifrael, from whom the Jews defcend. In this 
 happy Country that renown'd Prophet fojourn'd, 
 converfed with Angels : And, with the Majffy 
 which cannot be utter'd. He preached the Unity 
 of the Divine EJfince, converted the People from 
 their Idolatry, built an Oratory at Meccba, and was 
 taken up into Paradife. 
 
 ifrnael his eldeft Son, and Heir of his Father's 
 Spirit, as of his Territories, trod in the Foot- 
 fteps of the dffumpt of God. He brake down the 
 Idols, aflerted ne God. the Rrfurreftion, the Day of 
 judgment, the Joys of Paradife, and the Torment t 
 of Hell, His Qjf-fpring multiplied, and peopled 
 all the Raft : The Princes of this holy Line fub- 
 dued the Infidel Nations, and rooted themfelves 
 in the moft fertile Regions of Afia, profcffing 
 themfelves Mnjfulman} or true Believers. Thus 
 pa-fled the Light of Gfrom the Face of Ii>r<*ham t 
 ro his Pofleritf by fucceflive Generations ; 'till at 
 length ic refted on the Face of Mahmut, our holy 
 Lawgiver, n3 was enoreafed with admirable 
 Splendor, by the frequent Vifits of the /ingel 
 Gabriel. He took the Reot of Evil out of the 
 Prophet's Heart, brought him down the dlctran 
 from Heaven, and gave him Viftory and Honour ; 
 
 call'd
 
 94 LETTERS Writ ly Vol . III. 
 
 callM him by a new Name, THE S E A L O F 
 7 HE PROPHETS; carried him to the Throne 
 of God, through Legiert) of Devils, that waited 
 below the Moon to deftroy him. And finally, 
 made his Sepulchre glorious and reforted to, by 
 the Believers of all Nations on the Earth. 
 
 I fend thee this Abjlrtft of the Mnjfulman Hi/lo- 
 ry, to the end thou may'ft fee what Pretenfions 
 the Children of Ifmtel have to the free Law, which 
 you, of the Poftentjr of ifaac, would monopolize 
 to your felves : As if God had not fent Prophett 
 to all Nations, to lead them into the right Way, 
 and not into the Way of Infidel.'. Nevertheless, 
 take not thefe things on my Credit, but examine 
 the Records of thy own Nation, and the Hiftory of 
 fafl Times. Weigh all things in the Ballance ; 
 confult thy Reafon, which is an indeficient Light 
 to thofe who follow it. Your Law was once 
 pure and uncorrupted ; but in time the Devil in. 
 ierted many Errors : He feduced your Fathers 
 they return'd upon their Steps, and fell back into 
 Idolatry. Then God raifed up the Mejpas, to re. 
 form all Things; but him ye rejected. And when 
 he was taken up into Paradife, ye reported,!^ ke 
 was bang 1 d on a Tree. In this the Nazareani are your 
 Fools, and fight againft themfelves ; Whilftthey 
 aflTert, as you do, That he who is Immortal and 
 Triumphant, among the Hundred and twenty 
 four thousand Pntpheti, was crucifitd bettoien twa 
 Thieves : Thus bringing a Reproach on the Afn. 
 file of God, and on their evn Faith, in believing 
 things inconfiftent with the Goodnefsand Power 
 of the Divine Majefty. Without doubt, Jefui the 
 Son of .Mary, is afcended Body ajid Stul into Para* 
 Jiff ; who, whllft he was on Earth, faid, Wtrfoif 
 One Gfd, yeur Lord and mine, 
 
 Let
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 95- 
 
 Let me not feem importunate, or troublefome, 
 Ifeeknotto circumvent thy Reafon, but to di- 
 reft it. Think feven times before thou change 
 once. I will procure the Books of our L*w 
 perufe them with Judgment, and tell me then, 
 whether thou haft ever feen any IVritiv^ compa- 
 rable to the Alctrtn ? The Mtjefty of the Style 
 fpeaks it above Human Original : It is exempt 
 from Contradiction, from the Beginning to the 
 End: It confirms the Old Tiftamcnt, which thou 
 believeft: It is alfo over cloathed with Light. 
 Doubtlefs it is no other than a Tranfcript of the 
 Baok written in Heaven. 
 
 If afcer all thy Search thou lhalt determine 
 otherwife, follow thou thy L*v, and I will fol- 
 low mine. We both worfhip one God, Lord of the 
 Unlverfe. 
 
 Paris, iotj) of the $th Mow, 
 of tkt Tear 1646*. 
 
 LETTER XXX. 
 
 To the 
 
 LE T not the Fear of difpleafing thofe_of thy 
 Nation hinder thee from embracing the 
 Truth. Gtd fhall protect thee from the Malice 
 of Unbelievers. Thy Intereft is already great 
 among the Muflulmtnt our Juguft Emperor will 
 augment both that and thy Honour. Take 
 hold of the flrongeft Knot, and adhere not to 
 Taget. T<he Gleanlinefs and Delicacy of the 
 MuJ/ulnanf : may invite thee, which far exceeds 
 that of the Jewt, and yet is void of Suferjiition : 
 
 We
 
 $6 LETTERS #>/? ly Vol. Ill 
 
 We only obey the fmcere Dilates of Nature, 
 which teach us, that ib long as the Scul dwells 
 in this Manfion of Flefh, it partakes of bodily 
 Pollutions. 'Tis to avoid thefe, we abftain from 
 certain Meats and Drinks, which cannot be 
 touch'd without Contamination To this End, 
 do we obferve that fu.perlative Nicenefs, in our 
 Waflungs and Purifications, which difcri mi nates 
 us from all the World befide. Doubtlefs, our Law 
 is but the Law ef Mofet, refined and fublimatcd 
 from the Dregs of adventitious Error. 
 
 Write often to me, and whatever Reafons may 
 prevail on thee not to change thy Religion, let no 
 Arguments tempt thee to iwerve from thy Fide- 
 lity to the Sovereign of Sovereigns on Earth, the 
 Grand Signior, in whofe Veins run the moft exalt- 
 ed Blood of Human Race. 
 
 Here is a Report in this City, that the Eleftor 
 Erandenburgh will demand the Queen of Sweden 
 in Marriage. Let me know if it be true, that I 
 may inform the Miniflers of the Itftj Pert, from 
 u-hom nothing ought to be concealed, that occurs 
 of Moment betwixt the two Poles. 
 
 Inform me alfo, what pafles remarkable in the 
 Afftmbly of the Deputies at Munjler, and whether 
 h be true, that the Danube has lately over-flow'd 
 its Banks, and carried away Four hundred Houfes 
 In its rapid Courfe. 
 
 Such Stories are told here, by thofewho know 
 not how to pafs away their time, but in hearken- 
 ing after foreign News, to furnifh themfelves 
 with Matter to amuie the credulous, and beget 
 Admiration of their Intelligence. 
 
 I have fent thee a Watch of my making : If 
 diou accepted it with good Will, 'tis a fui^cient 
 Acknowledgment. 
 
 t May
 
 Vol. IIL a SPY at PARIS. 97 
 
 May God, whofe Prefence fills rhe Univerfe, 
 dlfcloie himfelf to thee, in the way of Salvation, 
 and continue to breathe good Motions into thy 
 Soul. 
 
 Paris, io'& of tJn <$t 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XXXI, 
 
 To the Kaimacham. 
 
 AD O N A I the Jew has much improv'd him- 
 felf, in his late Progrefs through Italy. He 
 is grown a perfeft Statefman having found out 
 the way to penetrate into Secrets, and to difpatch 
 Bulmefs without any Noife. He may prove very 
 ferviceable at Venice, during the preient War of 
 Candy. His Acquaintance ia that City gives 
 him Accefs to the Cabals of the Senator} , who 
 fpare not, over their Wine, to \hifper the Coun- 
 fels of the State, and to defcant upon the Meu- 
 fures that are taken to defend the Rtpulltrk , 
 againft the invincible Prowcfs of the Ottoman 
 Armies. 
 
 It is publickly known, that they have feat >. 
 baffidors to the Crown of Mufcovy, that of Poland, 
 and to the Co/acks, inviting them to enter into a 
 League againft the Grand Signior. But few are ac- 
 quainted with the private Treaty, they are making 
 with the Baffin of dleppo. We owe this Difcove- 
 ry to the Diligence and Wit of this Son of Ifrael. 
 He has drawn the Secret from the Mouths of 
 feveral eminent Crunftllon of State and afTures 
 me, That the Sfnatt have made fuch Propo- 
 F lals
 
 5>8 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 fals to the Governor, as cannot fail of inducing 
 him to revolt. 
 
 This may prove of ill .Confequence, if not 
 timely prevented : The pernicious Example of 
 this Ba/* may incite others to tread in his Steps, 
 eipecially his Neighbours of Sidtn and Damafcuf, 
 who have for a long time meditated a Sove- 
 reignty, independant of the Th>one } which firft 
 eftabliih'd them in thofe Charges. Beildes, the 
 fmgle Forces of this Bajfa will be able to give 
 a powerful Diversion to the Arms of the Em. 
 pi'e, already engaged in Candy, Dalmatia, and 
 ethers Parts , by Sea and Land. He fays, The 
 yemtiau! ipeak much in the Praife of this Bajfas 
 Juftice, whereof they relate many Examples ; 
 among the reft, a certain Cwk among the Franks 
 oftthat City, was accufed of drafting and felling 
 putrify'd Flefh, whereby many that did eat there- 
 of were infefted with the Plagvt. Complaint being 
 made of this to the Baff*, he fends for the Cask, 
 and examines him about it: He reply'd, That ho 
 ibid none but good and wholeibme Meat ; for if 
 it happen'd that at any time he was forced to 
 keep any Flefh in . his Houfe above three Days, 
 h& fo feafon'd it with Spices and Herbs, as 
 made it very favoury, and without any ill 
 bcent. 
 
 The Bajpt, not < having Patience to hear any 
 more of this fetid Apology, commanded his Arms 
 and Legs to be cut off, and the Veins to be fear- 
 ed up ; ordering, That during the fhort time he 
 had to live, he Ihould have no other tood, but 
 what was made of his own Ltmbs. 
 
 They relate one more Paflage, of .a Complaint 
 that was made by a Peafant, whofe Daughter this 
 B*Jf* s only Son had ravilh'd : The Bj^compel- 
 led him to marry her, with this - Charge, Let me 
 
 hear
 
 VoL III. a SPY at PARIS. 99 
 
 bear no rno^e Complaint! cf thee, except thou art re. 
 filved to leave me without a Son. 
 
 It is reported here, That the King of Pe--/ia has 
 made a Peace with the Great Magvl ; and that they 
 will both turn their Forces againft our auguft 
 Emperor, 
 
 Here is alfo a Courier arrived from MarfeiSf.^ 
 who brings News of the Revolt of Cavarra tha 
 Inhabitants of that Place having ihaken off the 
 Obedience they owe to the Sultan, and put them- 
 felves under the Protection of the Venetians ; and 
 that General Grimani has taken four Ships of Ra 
 g*f* t laden with Ammunition for our Army He 
 adds alfo, That Morifini has thirty fmall Veflels, 
 befides Gallies , under the very Walls of the 
 Dardantlh. I long ago fuggefted to the Vizir 
 ^zlm, that the Weaknefs of thofe Caftles would, 
 one time or other, encourage the Chriflians to 
 perform fome notable Exploit in the Hellefpont. 
 But Mahmui's Counfel was not regarded : Now 
 the Event juftifies my Advie, the Port will con- 
 fult the Security of that Avenue. I with they 
 dot* not pra&ife the Trojan Wifdoon. The Vene* 
 riant have a powerful Fleet: If they block up 
 the Hellespont , and hinder. our Ships from failing 
 into the ^ckipel*&o ; and the Ceffacks, in the, 
 mean while, cover the Black Sea with their Barks, 
 committing a thoufand Piracies and Ravages, 
 whacwill become of the Imperial City ? Whence 
 will they provide Suftenance for fo many Milli- 
 ons of People as inhabit that City, and the Parts 
 adjacent. 
 
 Thefe Things are worthy of Confideration : 
 And thou, who haft the Care of that capital Seat 
 of the Ottoman Empire, wilt not blame Mahmut, 
 for putting thee in mind of the Danger which 
 threatens even the Seragli* it felf at this Junfture. 
 However, I have done my Duty, foge Minifter. 
 
 H 2 and
 
 ioo LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 and refer the reft to thy Wifdom. My Letters 
 are all regifter'd ; and if Affairs fliould fucceed 
 ill, it will be manifefted, that Mahmut, who 
 watches Night and Day to ferve the great Mafter 
 of the World, has not been wanting to give time- 
 ly Notice of what might be advantagious to tiie 
 Monarchy of the true Faitkfnl. 
 
 Thou, who art celebrated for thyjuftice and 
 Probity, pardon the Liberty which my Zeal for 
 thy Mijler and mine, renders worthy of Excufe, 
 
 Paris, 19^ of the $tb Mton t 
 .ef the Tear 1646. 
 
 The End rf tie Firft Rook: 
 
 LET- 
 

 
 10 
 
 LETTERS 
 
 Writ by 
 
 A SPY at PARIS. 
 
 VOL. III. 
 
 BOOK II. 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 To the mo ft Magnificent and llluftrietis 
 Vizir Azem, at the Pore. 
 
 OS M I N the Dwarf, whom I formerly 
 mentioned, remains ftill in the Court 
 and continues his good Offices, in com- 
 municating to me luch Padages a$ 
 come to his Knowledge. He has a fubtile Wir, 
 and bears nr> hearty love to the Chnftians, tho* 
 he be one himfelf in Proftjjion. He frequently 
 vifits me, and trufts me with his Secrets. One 
 Day he convinced me by evident Circumftances, 
 that Cardinal Mazurini was projecting to give 
 fome fecret and fudden Blow to the Ottoman Em- 
 pire, for which Ofmin feems to be concerned by a 
 natural Inclination ; being^, as I told thee. born. 
 of Mahemeian Parents, he was uneaiy, 'till he had 
 F 3 acquainted
 
 i ox LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 acquainted me with his Apprehenfions ; and I 
 gave him fuch Inftrucrions,. as I thought mofl 
 proper en this Occafion. I fet.my Thoughts on 
 the Rack, to prevent fo dire a Mifchief. And ha- 
 ving premeditated well on this Affair, I pirch'd 
 on a Cour,fe, which would at once clear me from 
 the Cardinal's Sufpicjon ; and by Teeming to fa- 
 vour his Defigns, would abfoluely overthrow 
 them I went to him boldly one Day, and be- 
 ing admitted to his C//f/, I thus addrefs'd that 
 *n. 
 
 _ .... . 
 
 * r v HERE are now nine Years elaps'd, great 
 ' J. Minijlir, fince I fir ft _breath'd the. Air o.f 
 ' France during all which time, I have not on- 
 ' ly fhared in common with the Natives, the. Be - 
 
 * nefits which have accrued to this noble King- 
 4 dom. under the aufpicious Minifiry of Cardinal 
 ' Riehlieu, and his no lefs eminent SuccelFor ; but 
 ' have alfo received many particular Honours 
 
 * from that illuftrious Prince of the Church, to 
 
 * which your Enintnce has been pleafed to make 
 ' fome undeferVd Additions. 'Tis to you both 
 
 * I owe the Character which has introduced me 
 
 * into the Acquaintance and Favour of the Nok!- 
 4 lisy, who on that fcore have thought me wor- 
 4 thy to inftruft their Children in the Grtck and 
 ' Arablck Tongues ; have vouchfafed to admit 
 ' me to their slt, and to encourage we with the 
 ' Hopes of finding a comfortable; Repofe in the 
 
 * Bofom of the GtHican Lhurth, after a tedious 
 ' Peregrination from my cwn Country 
 
 ' When I rtileft on all the accumulated BJe& 
 
 , fings I enjoy, under the ProteHon of your i r ' 
 
 ntnce, Bleffin^s equally trar.fcending my Ambi- 
 
 tion, as they do my Merits ; I apply all my 
 
 * Studies, to find out feme acceptable way of 
 ' ' Acknow
 
 Vol. TIL a SPY at PARIS. 103" 
 
 ' Acknowledgment to my gracious 
 
 1 And becaufe nothing can be more welcome >to 
 
 * theGuardian of France, than the Means of ad- 
 1 vancing the publick Good of the Kingdom com- 
 
 * mitted to his Carg : I now prefume, as a Tefti- 
 ' mony of my Gratitude, to propofe toyoiir.fi- 
 
 * minence fome Speculations, which if put in Exe- 
 ' cution, will, in my Judgment, not only render 
 ' frame the moft formidable and abfolute Montr. 
 ' chy on Earth , but alfo the whole Catholick 
 ' World in eternal Obligatiotts to her ; and give 
 4 juft Reafon to change the Style of his /? Chri. 
 
 * JHan Maj fty, from the the elefefi Son efthe Chitrsh t 
 ( to that of Father if all Chriftendbm. 
 
 1 Your Eminence will" not wonder at the Zeal 
 
 * of a Stranger, or the Care that Tttut of Meld*. 
 1 via takes for Francs ; In being follicitous for 
 ' this Kingdom, I confult the Welfare of my 
 ' own Country, and of all the Nations which 
 ' profefs the Faith of Jefus j fince it is eafy to 
 4 fee, that in the Fate of France, that of all Europe 
 1 is involv'd. 
 
 ' It is a long time fince fh'd'dilmember'ojRe-- 
 ' liques of the Roman Empire, bordering on x?/?*, 
 ' found themfelves too weak to refift the Puif- 
 
 * fance of the Ottoman Arms All Greece was 
 ' foon over-run by the Warlike Turks. Tran- 
 4 fylvania, Watkchia, Moldavia, with the greateft 
 1 part of the Upper Hungary, quickly became />;' 
 
 * butaries to the inveterate Enemies of the Cbn- 
 ' (Han Name. And Germany it felf is fo enfeebled 
 
 * by their repeated Incur/ions, that all the Em. 
 f pe-or can do, is to make difhonouratle and 
 ' coftly Compofitions, buying a precarious Peace 
 ' with little lefs Charges, than would fcrve fome 
 ' more fortunate Prince, to carry on a glorious 
 ' and fucceisful War. Neither is the Stare of 
 t Venice in any bittec Conditioh of Defence, tlie- 
 
 E 4 ' Turkt
 
 j 04 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. II I. 
 
 Turks having pared away whole Province}, from 
 that once flourishing Commonwealth, and by 
 their continual Invafions and Hoftilities, re- 
 duced her to a Necetfity of merchandizing with 
 the Ottoman Pert for Peace. Which is no 
 iboner concluded, but <Jh the leaft Pretence 
 is broke again, by thofe who hold themfelves 
 not obliged to keep Fai h with Chriftians. Be- 
 hold, at this time without Provocation OM the 
 part of fcN/ce, cr a Declaration of War by the 
 Grand Stgniir, the late League broken on a Aid- 
 den; and in a moil clandeftine manner. Behold, 
 Cgntf)> environ'd with their Fleet by Sea, and her 
 fertile Plains cover 'd with Armies of Mahome- 
 tans by Land. Behold her Cities in the Hands 
 of her Enemies, and her Villages laid defolate ; 
 her Noblt) put to the Sword, and her Mirchantt 
 led into Captivity. In fine, behold that af- 
 flicled CotttncnvPtaltk yet ftruggling with her 
 Fate, and fending her dtr&aff+cttri to all the 
 Pnncci and s:ates of Chnfenjtm, demanding, 
 or rather, in a fuppliant manner, imploring 
 their Afliftance. Yet (he finds little or no 
 help from any but the Pope, and the Knight t 
 of Malta. And his Holinefi has enough to 
 do to preferve the Patrimony of the Church 
 from Violence. 1 he State of Genoua i too 
 intent upon her Traffick, to regard the Cala- 
 mities of her Neighbours. And all the Princes 
 of I:aly have fuch Diversions at home as 
 render their Application to Things abroad ve- 
 ry cold and indifferent In the mean whi'e, 
 the Turks gain Ground, double their Strength, 
 and encreafe their Victories ! O deplorable 
 State of Ckriftendtm \ Is there no Redrefs for 
 thefe Miferies ? Yes furely, there is! And 
 fuch a Redrefs , as only lies in your Power, 
 great Mintfter , to apply j which in th* 
 
 ' Expe-
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. icy 
 
 ' Experiment , I dare allure will prove effe- 
 ' fhial 
 
 ' I do not pretend to the Vifions and Ixfpirtitiotit 
 
 * of Peter the Hermit, who garbled fecular and 
 ' divine Offices ; and armed himfelf in Habi-- 
 ' liment of Steel, went dragooning up and 
 ' down Chn'ft endow, at the Head of a confufed 
 ' Rabble, to render himfelf popular and acquire 
 
 * the triple Charafter of Pilgrim , Prieft and 
 ' Captain. The ill Succefs of his rafh txftiRtUk 
 
 * ihew'd, that he was only ftung with a reti- 
 ' ligtous Caprice, and that God approved not his 
 
 * Folly. I do not go about to propofe another 
 
 ' Cruftuts , or contrive a Way to ftied whole' 
 
 r Deluges of Human Blood, with no other conle- 
 
 1 quencc, than to ftain Ht(i.>ry with the fanguine 
 
 ' Memoirs of Cbrift endows Vanity and Misfortune. 
 
 ' Bsfides , that would be found imprafticable 
 
 * in this Age, which was ealie to put in Execu- 
 
 * tion, Five r Six hundred Years ago: The- 
 ' World is notfo devout now, as it was in thoie 
 
 Days ; neither are Men fo prompt to run the 
 
 Rifque of their Lives on religious Errand:, for 
 
 ' the Honour of being efteem'd Martyrs. 'Twiii 
 
 * be difficult to find out a new Lift of Godfrty\ 
 ' Baldwin's, G/s, and- other Heroes, to lead the 
 
 Champions of the Cmfi through all the Hrfrd- 
 fhips of the Sea and Land, fo many hundred 
 
 * Miles, 'into remote and defolate Reg-ions, to 
 
 * combate not only with Fkih and Blood, btic 
 '- with Famine, Peftilence, and all the Miseries 
 
 of Human Life : And, as if this were not 
 enough, to ftieath their Swords a)fo in ach 
 ' others Bowels, for Pf//;o'/, mere Trifle? ot* 
 4 miftaken Honour , and ill-timed Emulation : 
 1 And ail this only to purchaie the empry 2/. 
 ' tie of King of Jerufalem ; or the precancii? 
 
 * Authority of a Grecian Emperor-. JJoch {bore 
 
 E f ' lived
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 liv'd Honours ; the one to be loft in a little 
 time, with all Ptcftine t to the Saracens the 
 other depending only on the Plea lure of the 
 Multitude ! Such were the glorious Fruits of 
 the Chn'fiian Arms in thofedays ! Such the Tri- 
 umphs attending our Victories ! Thefe the Tro- 
 phies which our Fathers creeled to their own 
 Difgrace ; when after a War of fo many Years 
 they left the Holy Land in a worfe Condition 
 than they found it ; and of fo many Hundred 
 Thoufand Men as marched thither, threatning 
 the utter Subverfion of the S*r*cen Empire ; 
 there fcarce return'd enough to difperfe the 
 News of their own Overthrow. 
 
 * Waving therefore thefe vifionay r.ifh Expedi- 
 tions,^ now propoie to your Emi-scuce an Un- 
 dertaking, which tho' it may make lefs Noife 
 in the World, yet carries more Probability of 
 Succefs, and will not only promote the Intereft 
 of France, but redound to the Advantage of all 
 Europe. 
 
 * No Man who is acquainted with Hiftory, can 
 be ignorant what Claims the King: of France 
 have made to the Empire of the Weft, fmce the 
 Days of Charinnaine, the Royal Predeceflor of 
 his prefent Majtfty, who was dignified with the 
 Imperial Title, by the Sovereign Bijhop. Neither 
 is it unknown, by what Artifices the Houfe of 
 Auftria have procured the Travflation of the 
 
 facred Authority to their own Family. 
 ' Your Eminence is fenfible by what Tyran- 
 nous and unjuft Methods they have main- 
 tain'd themfelves in this higheft Pitch of Hu- 
 man Glory ; and not content with this, how 
 they have afpired after the Monarchy of the 
 whole WerlA ! All the North have groan'd under 
 the Burden of that infupportable Tyrnny. 
 And their Encroachments on the Seuth, have 
 
 ' render'd
 
 Vol. HI. a- SPY at PA R is. 107 
 
 renderM that L/e little lefs Infamous. They 
 fpare neither Civil nor Sccltjiaflial Rights, in 
 the Purfuit of their Ambition, not even the 
 Patrimony of St. />**, which has ever been c* 
 fteem'd facred&nd. inviolable by Ch'-ijlian P-ii.c t. 
 They have fack'd Row* it felf. and. Jed the /- 
 preme Pajler of the Church into Cip'i^ifjf. What 
 fhould I fpeak of the HoMando-s 1 Swi:zer: } 
 Gn'foai, and other Nations, which, impatient 
 of the Auftnan Yoke, revolted from their cruel 
 Mafterj j and have ever fince aflerted their Li- 
 berty by the Force of their Arms ? What fhould 
 I mention the frequent Troubles in Bohemia, 
 Tranfylvtmia and Hwg* r y, when the Inhabi- 
 tants of thofe Countries, grown defp erate with 
 their daily Oppreffions, have bravely endea- 
 vourM to redeem themfelves and their Pofte- 
 rity from perpetual Servitude; but for want of 
 a powerful Prttettar, have been forced to yield 
 to their old Maflert 1 That incefluoui Race are 
 
 ?rown odious to the whole World: Even the 
 rincet of the Empirt are forced to fmother 
 their Refentments, whan they cleft one topof- 
 fefs the Imperial Diadem, whom they cannot buC 
 hate ! 
 
 1 That therefore which Ia ; m at in this Addrefs, 
 is, To reprefent to your Eminence, how eafy ic 
 will be in this Juncture, for his moft Chn'/h'an 
 Majtfty to recover the Imperial Crown, which 
 of Right belongs to none but the Succe/on of 
 the renown'd Charlemaine j and which even 
 the greateft part of the Ge mans themfelves, 
 wifli to fee placed on the Head of Lrait XIV. 
 Moft of the Eletfors are already inclining to 
 the Interefts ofF'-ance : It will not be difficult to 
 win the reft. The Hungarians, &c. long for ft 
 Deliverer : And the other Provincti beyond 
 the Danube, will freely open the Gates of 
 F 6 ' their
 
 ip.8 LETTERS #>// /!y Vol. III. 
 
 g 
 
 4 their Cities, to Jet in hit Armies, whom they 
 look on as the Hope of all Chrifttntiom. The He/- 
 
 * veitant, who are Allies of this Crovn, will not 
 ' fail to perform their part. The Suedes have al- 
 
 * ready pluck'd many Fta'hers from the raie>.oxt 
 ' Eagle. And the Forces of this Cr<nvn have 
 ' blunted her Tahiti. Another Campaign will 
 1 quite deplume her, enervate her lalt Vigour, 
 ' and end the tedious Controverfy. 
 
 ' Let not therefore an untimely Peace with 
 ' thi Emperor, fo much talk'd of, flop the Cur- 
 ' rent of the finch Triumphs! Let not the 
 
 * finifter P raft ice of German Pensioners in the 
 
 * Sw jn Court, occafion a Rupture between two 
 
 * the moft potent and victorious C>9a>m in K- 
 ' rope ! Or rarher, let no leen Cknftina, reap 
 
 * the fole Glory of fo fortunate and profitable a 
 
 * War ! His Majefy has a formidable <drmy by 
 
 * Lansf ; and in a fliort time, will have an in- 
 ' vincible Fleet by Sea. Continual Victories 
 
 * court the Perfeverance of the F'-er.ch Valour ; 
 " whilft thejuftice of your Caufe invites to the 
 
 * Battel. 
 
 * All Things confpire to put a Period to the 
 
 * d*ftri*n Grandeur. Only fnatch the prefenc 
 
 * Opportunity, which once loft, may never be 
 
 * recover'd again. 'Twas only the ludden and 
 
 * unexpected Fate of Henry IV. this King's 
 
 * Grandfather , of eternal Memory , that hln- 
 
 * der'd him from putting in txecurion tlie 
 ' fame Defign I now propofe. And if Ltvir 
 
 * XIII. did not profecute it, 'twas becaufe he 
 ' wanted a favourable Junftcre. Now, behold, 
 
 * it cfcrs it lelf: 'Tis in your Power, fnprtme 
 
 * Dii-'tio- of the Statt, under his Majefly, to 
 *. build the fcrtime of Prince fo high, that all the 
 
 Katicns of Cbnftendtm may repofe under its 
 Purfue the SuCCeiV which Heaven has 
 
 ' already
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 109 
 
 * already granted. And when all Europe Is thus 
 4 fettled in a durable Peace, either making ho- 
 
 * nourable Friendfhips with, er entirely iubmit* 
 
 * ting to the new Gallick Empire ; then will be 
 ' the Time to call the Ottomans to an Account-, 
 ' for the Ravages and Spells they have commit. 
 ' red ia Chriflian Countries, and to carry our 
 ' Arms to the Walls of Cenflantinople, and drive 
 ' thefe Barbarians back to their primitive Rocks 
 4 and Defarts, from whence they have thus Jong 
 ' ftraggled, to ruin the moll defirable P'-o-vinccs 
 1 of jljitt and Europe j nay, and of the whole 
 ' World. 
 
 * There is no ether way but this, in my Ju4g- 
 
 * ment, to HOD the Piogrefs of the nrktjb \ ifto- 
 
 * ries. Since it is impofiible to make a durable 
 ' Peace among Chriftian Prince: , bur by Con- 
 ' queft ; I mean fuch a Peace, as will infpre them 
 1 with the Refolution, and put them into a Caps- 
 
 * city, to unite all their Forces in a War againit 
 4 the Mahometans. As for the prefent Condition of 
 ' the Refublick, if their LofTes were greater than 
 
 * they are like to be, yet they will be inconfide- 
 ' rable, in Companion to the mighty Gain which 
 4 will afterwards accrue, not only to them, but 
 ' to all the Chriftian Nations, by advancing the 
 
 * Pnr.cb Crown to that height of Grandeur, de/ 
 ' fign'd for it by Fate. Hitherto the Car i. Ulan 
 f Princes have only endeavour'd to apply a Rc- 
 ' medy to the Part particularly affecled ; from 
 ' whence if by Fortune they chafed the Diftem- 
 
 * per, it foon brake out in fome other Member ; 
 4 whence it came to pafs that we loft Province 
 ' after Previt.ce, and the Turks are almoil gotten 
 ' into the Heart of Europe. If therefore we de- 
 ' iign to drive them thence, it is neceilary to fol- 
 4 low ti.-is Method, which will be found the only 
 1 way to pluck this Evil up by the Roots. 
 
 ' Go
 
 i io LETTERS Writ fy Vol. III. 
 
 ' Go on then, moft prudent and illuftrious 
 Guardian of the Crown, deftin'd to command 
 the Eirth : Go en, and lift up our great 
 Mafter to the Wreath with which the Tutelar 
 j4ng,l o Europe is ready to environ his Sacred 
 Temples. Let not the German Deputies at A/a- 
 fter any longer amufe you with feigned Over- 
 tures of Peace. But purfue the propitious Fate 
 of France, which waits to lead our Armies to 
 Victories, Triumphs and Glories, and to e- 
 ftablifh a new Empire in the World, to which 
 
 ' all Nations fliali pay Homage, and fly for 
 
 ' Protection. 
 
 Thou feeft, illuflrious and ferene Wzir, that I 
 have ufed much Flattery in this Addrefs. It is a 
 necefTary Vice in the Court of France^ where no 
 Diogenes can have Audience It cannot be ex- 
 pected that I fliould difcover by the Cardinals An- 
 i'wer, what his Sentiments were of my Projeft. 
 He is of a debonair Humour, and would rather 
 feign Virtues to commend in another Man, than 
 put him to the Blufh by mentioning his real Vices. 
 This is an Effe& of his naiurtl Difpajitionj, which 
 he is wife enough to improve to the Ends of P- 
 licy. There being no fubtiler Artifice to gain a 
 popular Efteem, than by the Reputation of a 
 generous Temper. 
 
 However, I think I faid Nothing that could 
 juftly offend him, unlefs he were endued with 
 the incommunicable Gift of dilcerning Hearts. 
 For otherwife, at the worft , he could but 
 tax me with a Loyal Prefumption and Mi- 
 flake, in propofitng Things altogether impracti- 
 cable. 
 
 ' Thefe were fuch as thou wilt ealily difcern, 
 when thou confidereft, that though they appear 
 fair and eafy in the Attempt, as the Circum- 
 
 ftances
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS, in 
 
 flances of Europe are at prefent ; yet the Revolu- 
 tion of a few Moons may quite change the Face 
 of Affairs ; new and unthought of Difficulties 
 may arife : The Emperor may make a Pence with. 
 Swedeland ; the Pope might interpofe his Media- 
 tion and Authority, the ^ff'ewblj at Mur.fter might 
 have a Conclusion accord ing to their Willies ;the 
 Electoral Princes might be more firmly fattened to 
 the Intereft of the Empire. Beildes, another 
 Campaigne may prove as fatal to the French, as 
 the former have been profperous After all, if 
 they ftiould find Encouragement to begin this 
 Enterprize, and mould meet with anfwerable 
 Succels in the Prolecution of it, yet a thoufand 
 Occurrences would emerge, to hinder them from 
 enjoying their new gotten Empire long ; or fro:n 
 being able to maintain a War againft the 
 fire, whofe Subjects are infinite, and Treafures 
 inexhauftable. 
 
 If thou, who art the Light of the O/Vi Mon- 
 archy, {halt approve of what I have done, my 
 Happinefs will be great ; neverthelefs thy Re- 
 proofs will not make me miferable, fince they 
 are Arguments of thy Condefcenfion and Favour. 
 
 Paris, iof& of the 6th Mfon t 
 of the Tear 
 
 LET-
 
 LETTERS %'rit ly Vol. Ill, 
 
 LETTER II. 
 
 
 
 Te Ifmael Mouta Faraca, a White 
 Eunuch. 
 
 TH Y Letter is come fafe to my Hands, ac- 
 company'd with a munificent Prefent from 
 Egry Boitiw, who thou telleft me is deprived of 
 his Eyes by the Gr^rtd Signior's Order. I condole 
 the Calamity of my Friend, yet accufe not theju- 
 f. ice :>f him who is Mafter of us all. We are Mvf- 
 Jinmaiif, and muft net difpute the Pleafure of Hea- 
 ven, or the Commands of our Sovereigns. It is an 
 Argument of their Clemency, when they retrench 
 their Anger, and fpare the Lives of their Slaws. 
 The Sultan is merciful in a higher Degree, in not 
 extending his Haads to the Wealth of our Friend ; 
 Lut has Jeft that: and his Liberty untpuctfd-: 
 whereby he is ftill in a Capacity of enjoying many 
 Pleiures , which are denied to thousands who 
 have their Sight. 
 
 I do not write this, as if I were void of Com-, 
 paflion toward my Friend- I owe him fliil the 
 lame AiFeftion, as when he was able to read the 
 Sincerity of it in my Face. Bat I would not fiave 
 the Lofs of his Eyes abate the Sight of his Soul, 
 which is his Reafon. Let him remember, that a 
 famous Pbilofrj>h:r has done that voluntarily to 
 himfelf, for the fake of a lefs interrupted Con- 
 templation, which is impofed on our Friend as a 
 Punifnment. There is no outward Difafter can 
 hurt the Opticks of a Mind guarded with Patience, 
 und fhut up within the Circles cf its own Light. 
 Such a Soul is imj r^gnable againfr. all the AfTaults 
 cf Fortune; and Triumphs over Dtfiny it felf. 
 
 Befides,
 
 Vol. III. a SPY At PARIS. 113 
 
 Befides, our beloved Eunuch can {till converie 
 with his Friends, which is a Privilege the Deaf 
 would almoft give their Eyes to enjoy. It is hard 
 to determine which of thofe two Senfei would be 
 mifs'd with leaft Regret, efpecially to a Man, 
 who, by his excellent Voice and Skill in Singing^ 
 feems to be the very Soul of Mufi'ck 
 
 What is it in all this infinite V 7 ariety of vifible 
 Objefts, that afFeftstheEye with fo refin d aP'ea- 
 fure, but the harmonious Difpofition and Symme- 
 try of the Parts, which compofe the who e Scene 
 of the Univerfe ? And may not that Pleafure be 
 tranflated to the Ear, when it receives tjie pro- 
 portionate Meafures, and exquifite Cadences of 
 Sounds? Certainly Mufick is no other than Beauty 
 to the Ear, as Beauty is Mufnk to rhe Eye. 
 
 But our Friend Egry needs not theie Encou- 
 ragements : He underftands the Way to make 
 himfelf happy, and has Wifdom enough to put 
 it in pracuc. 
 
 The Grand Signitrs Fury is pacified. Egry lives. 
 He has Houfes and Gardens ; Gardens reple- 
 nifli'd with all manner of Fruits and Flowers to 
 gratify his Tafte and Smell, He is Mafrer of 
 much Treafure in Silver and Gold, and of many 
 Slaves. If all thefe cannot contribute to his Feli- 
 city, he is Mafter of kimfelf, which is ejfintial 
 Hapfineft. 
 
 Thou who fucceedeft him in that honourable 
 Poft, and guarded the Avenue of the majejfick 
 Chamber, where the AddrefTes and Supplicatiorrs 
 of all the Princes of the Earth are made at the 
 Feet of our auguft Emperor, watch thy Senfes, and 
 obey thy Reafon. Remember thy Prtdectff'jrs 
 Fxtt, and forget not Mahmut but above all things 
 forge: not thy felf. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, 20 fb of the <J; h Mom, 
 
 oj (he Tea- 1646. LET*
 
 H4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER III. 
 To Dgnet Oglou. 
 
 I A \f extremely furprized, and equally trou- 
 bled at the fevere Puniftiment which Sultan 
 Jbrahim has inflicted on Eg r y Bo:mu. Hi* Suc- 
 ceflbr, I/mad Mtttta Faraca, fent me the firft 
 News of it, but faid nothing of the Eunuch's 
 Crime Neither would I requeft that Satisfa- 
 Uon of a Man, who derives a new Luftre from 
 the tragical Eclipfe of my Friend, left my Love 
 fhould have betray'd my Difcretion, and tempted 
 me to utter that, which is not proper for a Slave 
 of the Sultan's to exprefs. Our Thoughts are 
 our own whilfl we keep them chain'd up in our 
 Breafts, but if once we fufFer them to take Air 
 irf Words, they become another Man's, who may 
 make ufe of them to our Ruin. I never had 
 Familiarity enough with Ifmael, to truft him 
 with , Reflexions of this Nature. Befides, his 
 own Letter to me difcover'd to much Fieedom 
 toberoid of Defign,-it being the firft that ever, 
 pafs'd between us ; which for that Keafon ought 
 to have been dirated in a Style morerefervd. 
 I fet him a Pattern in my Anfwer, not letting 
 a Word efcape my Pen which might fpeak lefs 
 Re/ignation to the Will of our toajier, than Ten- 
 derneis for my Friend's Suffering. 
 
 Bur with thee I dare nfe greater Freedom : 
 My long Experience of thy Integrity, wil'l ju 
 ftify this Boidnefs Tell me, my Dgnei, was it 
 not the Blindnefs of Sultan H-'ahim's Paffion, 
 which has robb'd Egrt of his Sight ? Anfwer me 
 without Dlfguife ; Was it not fome Caprice of 
 Jealoufy ? Was it nut becaufe the M*fltr thought 
 
 lie
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS, n? 
 
 he faw too much, that the Slave fees not now at 
 all ? If that S'enfe was not judg'd criminal in 
 r/, why was it in particular punifh'd ? But 
 'tis in vain to uieafure the cruel Frolkks of a 
 Sovereign Monarch by a Rule, who. makes his Will 
 a Law. 
 
 The Chrifllans fay, The Ottoman Primus are 
 Butchers, and the vhole Empire a Shambles ; -where 
 Perfons of all Degrees are facrificed to the Luft 
 or Paffion of xTyranr. I tell thee, though lap- 
 prove not the licentious Tongues of thefe //?- 
 dels, yet it appears too true, that i*o uncontroul- 
 able a Power as the Eaflem Monrcbs are inveft- 
 ed with,; prompts .them to. commit many Vio. 
 lences, for which Juftice can make no Plea. It 
 were to be wifh'd,. That the Praftices of the 5- 
 lime Seraglio, did not too often verify it. Suffer 
 me to be exafperated a Jlttle, for the cruel Sen* 
 fence executed on my Friend, the moft acconi- 
 plUu'4 Perfon within the Walls of Uiat mugwfiuttt 
 Palace. Doubtlefs, he owes the Lof\ of his Eyes 
 to the Grudge of fome.. envious. Minion, who 
 would not brook fb dangerous a Rival in the Sul, 
 ttn's Favour. For this unfortunate Eunuch , 
 who charm'd. all Hearts.,, made fome ImprefTion 
 alfo on the cruel Ibrahim s. He often lov'd ta 
 hear him fing the lively Den'tk Strains, to chafe 
 away his Melancholy : For Egry is a lecond > 
 f htus, whofe Voice, rhou knowefV, infpired the 
 Trees ; and Rocks with Paffion. Belides, he has 
 many other Gifts, which render'd his Perfon 
 and Converfation deleftable to all ; and taught 
 the whole Seraglio, new Leflbns of L-itionick 
 ^Love. 
 
 When thou haft received this, I defire thee to 
 give him a Vifit : Thou knoweft his Houie at 
 Galtta. .Embrace Jiim in my Name, and give 
 him. a Kifs of faithful Friendfiiip. Forget not 
 
 alfo
 
 n 6 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 alfo to return him my Acknowledgments, for the 
 Diamond^ he fent me. And chear him with this 
 Thought, that one Day his Eyes fkall be renew'd 
 in Pvadifc , far brighter than thcfe glittering 
 Jraels. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, ioth of the 6tk Moon, 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 ! L E T T E R IV. 
 
 T& Dicheu Huffein Baffa. 
 
 * ~T"* I S not eafy to guefs at the Motive, which 
 i induced the Dukeo Orleans to begin this 
 Year's Campaign in fo rigorous a Seafon. It was 
 the iirft Mow, and the Ground was cover'd with 
 deep Snows (an ill-time to march in an Enemies 
 Country./' .And when thefe Snows were dif- 
 folv'd, Floods follow'd. It feems as if he were 
 thirfty of Fame, and would acquire the Chara- 
 &er of a hrdy Warrior ; refolving to fhun no 
 Fatigue, which might advance the Reputation of 
 his Arms. 
 
 The Duke of Engm'en, fpurr'd on with a glori- 
 ous Emulation, foonfcllow'd with another Army> 
 but by a different Road. There are Four M*rt, 
 ftkuli of France gone with them. Thefe early 
 Marches make a great Noife. But little of Acti- 
 on could be expected, while the weary Flemmi^t 
 knowing the Pafles of the Country, and the 
 Force of the Floods, having kept their Winttf 
 Quarters, Ipending that Time at eafe, in prepa- 
 ring all Things necefiary for a more feafonable 
 Campaign, which they have now begun. 
 
 la
 
 Vol. III. aSpvat PARIS. 117 
 
 In this the Sfanijh Policy deferves Commen- 
 dation ; who would not expofe the Health and 
 Lives of their Soldiers to unnecefTary 'Rigors, but 
 waited 'till the Sun had well dry'd up the unwhol- 
 fome Damps of the Earth, and fhedding his be-, 
 nigner Influence through the Air, invited them 
 forth into the Field. But when I thus approve ' 
 the Wifdom of the Spaniard, think not that I con- 
 demn the fprightly Geniut of the French, who 
 feem to approach neareft the Bravery of the Mtff- 
 fttlman Armies 
 
 The Aftion of a French Officer was worthy of 
 Remark, who being fetit from the Camp -with 
 Letters to the King and Queen, arrived at the 
 Cturt the 24th Day of the Second Moon, whilft 
 the Ground was yet frozen hard. After he had 
 deliver'd his Meflage, the Chamberlain of the 
 Ryal Houjbold appointed him a Lodging for thac 
 Night in the King's Palace, he being to return to 
 Plunders the next Day. But he generoufly refufed 
 it, faying, /* became not him to lie in a Bed of >, 
 ke* hit Gattfal, with the' tehole drmy, were forced 
 to.fleep on the frozen Earth. Therefore, caufing 
 fome Straw to be brought out of the Stables, he 
 took his Repofe thereon in the open Air. The 
 young King, extremely pleafed with his Gal- 
 lantry, order'd him a hundred Pieces of Gold, and 
 recommended him to the Duke of O/e*/, as one 
 of the braveft Men in his Army. 
 
 I fwear by the whittling of the Winds, and the 
 ruffling of the Leaves, that I honour fuch Ver- 
 rue, even in an Jnfidd, 
 
 3P&ris, loth of the 6tJi Mton, 
 tf thi Ttar 
 
 L E T.
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol.IIL 
 
 LETTER V. 
 To Kerker Haffan, Baffa. 
 
 TH V Letter is come to my Hands, with the 
 Prefent of Ktpb*, which is fo much the 
 more acceptable, becaufe thou broughteft it thy 
 felf from the falley of ^maim, the Place of my 
 Nativity. It is an evident Sign that thou haft not 
 forgot thy Countryman, in that thou condefcend- 
 eft to oblige him in fo peculiar a Manner. The 
 Place where we drew our firft Breath, is always 
 dear to Mortals ; and the Remembrance of that 
 ildicious Vale, affefts Mahmut with fmgular De- 
 Hght. 'Tis true indeed, I was brought from 
 thence before I could diftingulh once Place from 
 another ; but I have vifited that Region fmce, 
 and have Reafon to pronounce it the moft deleft- 
 able Part of Ambit. Had the Grecian Potts feen 
 that Ptradife, they would not have fo extoll'd the 
 celebrated Fields of Temft in Theffaly. This hap- 
 py Vale is the ElyxJum of the WirM, blefs'd with 
 an eternal Spring. 
 
 Thou art highly oblig'd to the Sultan for the 
 Liberty he has given theeto vifit tha Placeofthy 
 Cradle, and to fojourn fo long among thy Kin. 
 tired. Thy Father was famous in that Country 
 for hunting of Lionr, and other B>afts of P f ey. I 
 have heard Ibme of our Trite praife his Valour 
 and Dexterity, in the chafe of thofe fierce Ani- 
 mals. They told me, That in the Space of twa 
 Years, he had prefented the Btglcrberg with twenty 
 Lions Heads, kill d by his own Hand : That he 
 had three tame ones in his Houfe, which he had 
 .taken whea Whelps, from a Lionels of prodi- 
 gious Bulk. That the Walls of his Houfe were 
 
 hung
 
 Vol. III. 4 SPY at PARIS. 119 
 
 hung with the Skins of Tigers, Pant hen an d Lior t 
 the Trophies of his indefatigable Diligence, Skill 
 and Courage, in Purfuit of wild Beafts. In a 
 word, they laid, He was the moft fuccefsful Hun- 
 ter in all Arabia. If thou inheriteft his Inclination 
 as well as his Blood, (for they commonly go to- 
 getherj thou haft had a fair Time to range the 
 Foretb, and purge the Defart of thofe ravenous 
 Creatures Were it not for the Enmity of the 
 Gnat i, the /? would be over- run with thefe Sa- 
 vages. They fay, This little defpicable Infetf de- 
 ftroys more Lions than all the Huntfmen in Afia. 
 For fwarming about them in the Heat of Summer, 
 they chiefly faften on their Eye-lids, which they 
 fling fo vehemently, that the Lions thinking to 
 eafe themfelves by Scratching, often tear their 
 own Eyes out, and fo are famifli'd. 
 
 To underftand well the different Natures of 
 Beafts, is a Study fit for Kings. 'Twas the Glory 
 of Solomon, to be accurate in this Knowledge: 
 And Alexander the Great had fuch an Efteem for 
 it, that he beftowed on Ariftotle the Philofopber 
 -Eight hundred Talents, only for writing a Trtatife 
 of '-Aninials. Our holy Prophtt was eminent above 
 all other Mortals, for his Familiarity with the 
 Brutal Generation, understanding their Qualities 
 and Language, and often difcouding with them. 
 When he lived in the Defart, a Libard continually 
 waited at the Door of his Cave, and did all the 
 Offices of a kind and faithful Serrant. Such 
 Grace is given but to few. 
 
 But I forget my own Opportunity, of venting 
 my Affe&ions to my Country and my Friends. 
 I forget that I am writing to one who is newly 
 corns from Arabia. Would to Gd I could fee 
 thee, were it but for an Hour. I have a thou- 
 fand Queftions to ask about my Relations, and 
 what Changes have happen'd fmce I was there. 
 
 gut
 
 no LETT EKS #>// ly Vol. III. 
 
 But I muft facrifi.ce thefe natural Fondnefles 
 to the Will of Dttlinj. I am a double Exile: 
 And fince it is for the Service of the Grand Sig- 
 ntor, I am refign'd. 
 
 Adieu, happy Minifter ; and if Mthmut may be 
 admitted fometimes to mingle with the Tiain of 
 thy better Thoughts, he fhall count himfelf hap. 
 py where ever he is. 
 
 Paris, -id of the ^th Moon, 
 of the Ttar 1646. 
 
 LETTER VI. 
 To Huffein Baffa 
 
 TH E taking of Retimt in Candy, had fillM 
 the N*z*rens with Apprehenfions of great- 
 er Calamities. 
 
 The firft fortunate Strokes in a War, make 
 deep Impreflions on the Enemy ; the Vulgar look- 
 ing on them as the Index of their future Deftiny. 
 But repeated SuccefTes chill theirVitals, bereave 
 them of Courage and Hope, leaving them^no- 
 thing but ominous Portents, and fuperftiticus 
 Prefages of their approaching Ruin. So hard a 
 thing it is to judge of Humane Events, without 
 being carried into Extremes. They already give 
 over the whole IJlandfm loft. I wifh and believe 
 it may prove true. Vet at the fame time I 
 know the Fortune of War is uncertain , and 
 another (Campaign may repair or revenge the 
 Damage they have fuftained in tbii and the /r- 
 mtr. 
 
 The yenetians loft Five thoufand Men before 
 the Walls of that Town , among whom was 
 
 General
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 12,1 
 
 General Corrtaro, the Viceroy of the I/land, (lain in 
 the firft Onfet, befides what were klil'd by cur 
 Soldiers when they enter' d with the retreating 
 Candiots, and facrificed all to the Heat of Martial 
 Paffion. 
 
 But that which appear'd moft ominous to their 
 Caufe, tho' the prefent Damage were lefs, was 
 the falling out of the Sup>-avedno>-, and the Provs- 
 ditor of the Ifle : Who not agreeing about the 
 Extent of their different Commiflitn-, form'd t\va 
 Parties; between whom there happen'd a furious 
 Encounter, in which Four hundred were {lain 
 on both Sides 
 
 Theie fmifter Events occafion'd the Rtpvblick to 
 make frefh Applications to the Court of France ; 
 and an Ambajfador is fent from this Crown to Con. 
 ftantiHOfle, in order to meditate a Peace. They 
 call him Mozjtenr de Varannes^ a Man of a pre- 
 fumptuous Difpofition, and who delights to at- 
 tempt difficult Things. When there could not 
 be found a Perfon, willing to undertake a Nego- 
 ciation, which carries fo little Probability of fuc- 
 ceeding, this Gentleman, in a B'a-va-h, offer d 
 himfelf; telling the Queen, that he made no doubt 
 of fo reprefenting Matters to the Grand iignior, 
 as would infallibly produce a Pane. 
 
 It had been eafy for Cardinal Mazarini (whofe 
 Counfel the Queen follows in all Things) to have 
 hinder'd this Man's Voyage. But thofe'who are 
 acquainted with the Pique that is between them, 
 conclude, Thac the Cardinal conlented to. his Ccm. 
 mffin, on purpofe to Jay a Train for his future 
 Bifgrace ; as knowing the Eoldnefs of his Tem- 
 per, was far from being feconded with eoual 
 Wifdom and Conduft ; and that though h? was 
 prnne to undertake great and hazardous Actions, 
 yet he never had the gcod Fortune; to accomplifh 
 -any thing of Moment. 
 
 G They
 
 ; 1 1 2, LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 They that know this Gentleman's Character, 
 fay, That any Example will encourage him to 
 rufh into Labyrinths and Perils. And where Ex- 
 amples are wanting, he is ambitious to be made 
 one himfelf. He fears not to tread in the Foot- 
 iteeps of fuch as have mifcarried in the moil def 
 perate Enterprizes ; but promifes himfeJf Suc- 
 cefs, where a Thouland have fail'd. In fine, he 
 is efteem'd the rafteft Man living 
 
 J fend thee this Defcription of the French Am- 
 bujfador, that thou may'ft communicate it to the 
 Sovereign Divan. It will be no fmall Advantage, 
 to know the Temper and Qualifications of foreign 
 Mimftcrs, refiding at the auguft Po>t : Efpecially at 
 this Juncture, whereon the Fate of Chnjttndom 
 depends. Befides, there cannot be too great Cau- 
 tion us'd, to obviate the fubtile Trains of Cardi- 
 nal MaztrtKi, who, I fear, is contriving no kind 
 Offices to the Ottoman Empire. 
 
 I kifs the Hem of thy Veil, illuflntus Ba/*, and 
 bid thee adieu. 
 
 Paris, i<i of the fth M'oon, 
 of the Ttar 1646. 
 
 LETTER VII. 
 
 To the fame. 
 
 TH E Captain B/^i has the Reputation of 
 a good Staman among the French They 
 highly applaud his expeditious Relief of Cnta t 
 and no lefs commend tne Secrecy with which he 
 janded his Army, and took the Town of Retim. 
 The French are generally great Cn'tick> in Military 
 .Affairs, and are noc fo partial to the Honour 
 
 of
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 113 
 
 of ths CbriRianf, as to deny the Praifes that are 
 due to an expert Leader among the M^/itlmans. 
 Yet they are inconftnat, and feldom retain the 
 fame Sentiments long. Every Circulation of their 
 Bloods, begets new Friendfhips, new Opinions, 
 new Cenfures. In this they feem to inherit 
 the Vices of the ancient Gauls, as well as their 
 Country. 
 
 A Rvnan Emperor, who made War in this Na- 
 tion, hath lefc excellent Memoirs behind him : 
 wherein among other things, he defcribes the Na- 
 ture cf the Gauls, their Difpofitionr, and genial 
 Inclination!. He that (hall read his Writings which 
 were penn'd above Sixteen hundred Years ago, 
 and fhall converfe with the prefent French, will 
 eafily conclude, That the latter area living Tran- 
 fcript of the former ; and that their Humours 
 and Actions are exactly copied from his Words. 
 Yet in nothing does the Character of the pri- 
 mitive Gaulf, luit more truly to the prefent In- 
 habitants, than in their furious Onfets in a Bat- 
 tcl, and their equal Readinefs to Flight. Their 
 f ft Aflault feems to fpeak 'em more than Men t 
 their fecoed, lefs than Women j and they feldom 
 Venture on a third. 
 
 Wilt thou know then, how they obtain fo ma- 
 ny fignal Viftories? It is by Stratagems and 
 Money. Where they cannot circumvent their 
 Enemies, they corrupt a Party of 'em with Bribes 
 and Penfions. Thus they purchafe their Con- 
 tjuefls, with a more powerful Metal than Steel. 
 The Force of Gold, to which all things yield, 
 lays Cities and P/ ovincet at the Feet of this invin- 
 cible Monarch. 
 
 But, I pray Utaven, fo to profper the Armies 
 of the Empire founded on fertue t that this bfidel 
 Prince, and all the Nazarenes, may experience 
 their Gold to be as ineffeftual as their Swords, a -
 
 H4 LETT ERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 againft the Valour, and jufl: Revenge of the true 
 Be:iei/;rj. 
 
 Faris id of the 
 of ike Ttar 1646. 
 
 LETTER VIII. 
 
 To tit Venerable Mufci, Sovereign Guide 
 of the True Believers. 
 
 , who art all Goodnefs, the Arch-Type 
 i of Clemency and Virtue, wilt not number 
 me among the importunate, for fo often troubling 
 thee with Difputes of our holy Lav. I ask thee 
 no common Queftions, neither am I captious, 
 ieeking Occafions to darken what is apparent, or 
 invalidate the Teftimony of him who touch'd the 
 HandofGoi/. I revere the holy Oracle?, and the 
 Book not 'diftated on Earth Every Chapter I 
 read in the dlchortv, makes me blefs the Avgd 
 who took fo many Hights, to bring down the fa- 
 cred P'%fi from Heaven. And -my Reverence is 
 encreas'd towards that Volume -of Glory, when I 
 confider it was not haftilycompcs'd ; "every Perf* 
 ci*. being the Produft of Divine Premeditation, 
 Doubtlefs it excels all khe'-WnV/r^/ in the World. 
 No Scripture, before or ilnce, has approach'd to 
 the mjjttrittii Elegance of thofe Cy?;W Lines. 
 Vet methinks I find a great Profundity of Wif- 
 dom in the Tre.fi fat of the dncfentr. 
 
 Thou wilt fay, my Station requires ~jnt -.to 
 read Men more -than Books, being not fent hi- 
 ther to contemplate, but to aft for the krterefl: 
 of my Mafler, and the Often tn Em fire. 'Tis 
 
 turc
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 115- 
 
 true, my Bufmefs now is to unravel the Defigns 
 of the Irfdeli ; buc bear with me, if I tell there, 
 that in order to this I took no wrong Courfe? 
 when in my younger Years I apply'd my felf to 
 Books, which are but Men turn'd infide out, or 
 rnetarnorphofed into Letters; againft whom, thus 
 furviving themfelves the Stroke of Death cannoc 
 prevail. 
 
 Thole who have erefted Statues of Gold, Sil- 
 ver, Brafs, or Marble, to the Memory of departed, 
 Herom, can but tranimit the Effigiej of their Bo- 
 dies to Pofterity; which, thou knoweft, is the 
 ignobler Part of Man. And herein they come 
 Jhort of the jEgrptiam, who have the Art of pre- 
 ierving the Bodies themfelves incorruptible for a 
 thouiand Generations. But they who Jeft their 
 W'iiings to Pofterity, have obliged the World 
 with an immortal and lively Image of their Mind- 
 This is properly the Man, and lives for ever ; 
 when the Body is coniumed in the Grave, and 
 the Statue perhaps is eac up by Time, or de- 
 inoliih'd by Huvy. 
 
 Pardon this Uigredlon, r*culout and unerring 
 Mouth of God. I have a dreat deal to fay, and 
 cannot comprehend it in a few Words. It has been 
 enjoin'd by our holy Djfiorj, That a w*jj*ult*an 
 fhould not read the Booki of prophane l^fidilt. But 
 tell me, thou who art the Refolver of Dmbt^ 
 whether this Precept is extended to all, without 
 Exception ; or, whether a Difpenfatitn may not 
 be allow'd to fuch as read thofe Booki with one 
 Eye, whilft the other is fix'd on the Law, which 
 balances the Mind with Truth ? The /ilcyan- 
 tells us, that the Devil has inferted fome F*:ft-i ft 
 in the beft Writings : But, is it net poffible tor A 
 Man to feparate the gotd from the b*4 ? I rend 
 in the Book of G/o-r, many remarakble Things- 
 concerning dltxtndtr the Great But is it unlaw- 
 G 3 ful
 
 i i<5 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 ful alfo to perufe what has been writ by others, 
 of the Life of that famous Warrior, and holy Pro- 
 fhet ? Both Grecian and R.om*n Hiftorians have re- 
 lated his Adventures in Jjiir, his Battels with 
 Darittf the Pejtan Monarch, and Porus the Indian. 
 They praife his Continence and modeft Regard 
 to Sijigambu and her Daughters, when they were 
 his Captives; his inviolable Friendilip to Ephe- 
 jlien, whilft living, and the affeftionate Tears he 
 ilied for him after his Death. Yet they condemn 
 him of cruel Ingratitude, for facrificing Clitus to 
 his Gholer, and the Fumes of Wine, who was a 
 faithful Friend, a valiant Soldier, and once had 
 faved his Life in a Battel. They cannot pals over 
 the Burning of Perfcfolii, without fome RefleH 
 ons on the unmanly Softnefs of this Warrior ; 
 who, to pleafe his Concubine, gave Orders, that 
 the faireftand moft magnificent City in /ijl* Ihould 
 be let on fire. The Peijtans boaft, that that City 
 was built all of Cedar ; that C)iui had wholly oil- 
 planted, not only Mount Lib trim, but the choiceft 
 Nurleries of that fragant Wood, through all ^fi > 
 to build this glorious City, in Emulation of Solo- 
 mon King cf the7*n", who was by other Princes 
 thought to value himfelf too high, for building 
 the Temple of Jerufilem of the fame Materials. 
 They add, That Alexander found in this City nine- 
 ty Millions of Caracks in Gold ; that after the 
 Debauch was over, and the Flames had confum'd 
 to Afiies this Pbtrnix cf rfta, the Con<fuiror wept, 
 and commanded the Money he had found there 
 fhould be expended in railing another in its room, 
 more glorious than the former : But that Thais, 
 who had perfuaded him to ruin it, was the only 
 Obflacle to its Re edification. Forfuch was her 
 Empire over this Monarch, that he could deny 
 her nothing. 
 
 What
 
 Vol. III. rfSpy at PARIS. 117 
 
 What I have faid of Perffponf, is recorded by 
 Pe.fi** Rifterians ; other Writers make fome 
 Mention of it, but not: fo particularly. There 
 are fome alfo who mention his demolifhing of 
 7j>rus, a City fo ancient, That 'tis faid to be firft 
 built by one of the Grand Children to Nsah, of 
 whom, thou km weft, the jlcwan fpeaks often. 
 They tax him alfo with Cruelty, in caufmg Two 
 thoufand of the chief Tyrlans to be crucified, 
 as a Sacrifice to Htrcuie<. Thau art bed able to 
 judge, whether this be agreeable to Truth ; foTr 
 what Mijfutman will believe, that the viftori- - 
 ous Prophet was guilry of fo barbarous an Ido- 
 latry ? 
 
 The Method he took to fubdue this impregna 
 ble City, is an Argument of his invincible Cou- 
 rage ; and that there is nothing impracticable, 
 to a Mind arm'd with Refolution and Perfeve- 
 rance. 
 
 Tyrus was fituated above half a Mile in the- . 
 Sea, when the Macedonian demanded a Surren- 
 der. The Citizens trufting to the Strength and 
 Height of the Rock whereon they liv'd, ( for 
 'twas a perfect IJIand) and to their Diftance from 
 the Shore of the Continent, bid Defiance to him/ , 
 whom God had ordain'd to fubdue all Nations, 
 becwen the Extremities of India, and the PilUrf 
 of H'rcules. The Conqueror , enflam'd at their Refu- 
 fal of ofFer'd P(0ct, prepires far an AfTault He 
 attempted, without the Miracle of Mif'S, to make 
 a Path for his Army through the Sea. He fol 
 low'd the Steps of the Bgtyftnfav Monarch, who, 
 not three Ages before, had join'dthis proud Nefl 
 of Merchants to the firm Land. 'Twice his in- 
 duftrious Soldiers raifed a Caufey above the 
 Waves to the very Walls of Tyrus ; and as often 
 was their Labour defeated by the watchful 7> 
 ri*t. When the third time he proved fuccefs. 
 
 G 4 fulj.
 
 n8 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 ful ; and in fpight of all their Refinance by Fire 
 and Sword, after a Siege of Six Moon , he fcal'd 
 the Walls of that Queen of Maritime Cities ; and 
 convinc'd the World , that no Human Force 
 could put a Stop to his Conquefts, whom Deftiny 
 bad appointed to chaftife the Nations of the 
 Earth. 
 
 That Chapter in the Alcoran, which fpeaks of 
 this renowned Worthy , tells us, That he marched fo 
 far Eaflward, 'till he came to a Country where the 
 Sun rifts. This Paflage the Chnfttam ridicule, 
 faying, that the Sun rifes and fets in all Countries; 
 and that there is no ftated Point of Eafl and Wtjl, 
 in the Fabrick of the World ; fince the .fame 
 Place which is Eafl of one Country, is Wefl of 
 another. Thus the Defpifers cf our holy Law 
 cavil at the J/cxran, and fay, 'tis compofcd of 
 old Ww.) Inlet ; a rude indigefted Collection of 
 Eaflern Romances, and fupeiftitious Fables, calcu- 
 lated for the Meridian of Ignorance, firft pro- 
 mulged in the favage and unpolilh'd Def.ir:i of 
 Arabia, and afterwards propagated by the Sword 
 through thofeCountries,whofe Vices had banifh'd 
 their Learning, and render'd them flexible to a 
 Religion, whofe higheft Pretenfions conftfted in 
 gra'if)irg the Seitjes. 
 
 Thefe Gri ticks confider not at the fame time, 
 rhat they argue again ft the Old and New Tc- 
 ftament, (which is efteem'd the Alco>** of the, 
 Ckrifiians) wherein there is often Mention made, 
 of the ri(tig and gn'fig down of the Sun ; of 
 Eafl and ff</ s as proper Points or Marks, from 
 which to take the Situation of Countries. 
 AlTuredly in this they are captious: For tho' 
 there be no dated Point cf E-aft or W(ft in 
 the Globe, yet India being the neareft Region 
 of this Continent , to that Part of the Hj>izon 
 where the Sun daily firft appears. It has not 
 
 without
 
 Vol. III. tfSpY*/ PARIS. 119 
 
 without Reafon, gain'd the additional Epithet of 
 E-aft. And 'twas here the Madd^ ian He*o* fweac r - 
 becaufe he could conquer no further, unlefs he 
 would have begun a War with the F./h of the 
 Sea 
 
 There are many other Paffages related of 
 Alexander's Temperance, Moderation, Juftice Y 
 Fortitude, and fuch like Virtues, and fomerhing 
 of his Vices. But I will nor tire thee with all 
 that is laid of this invincible Monarch ; nor 
 trace him in all his Marches through //,. I will 
 noc trouble thee with what they fay of his 
 Journey into Egypt t and afpiring to be call'd 
 the Son of Jupiter Ammon ; his being poifon'd 
 at Babylon, in the height of all his Triumphs j 
 and the cantonizing his Empire, among his chief 
 Captaint. Whatibever in theft Ht'fioriet is agree- 
 able to the holy Alcoran, I acquiefce to ; what is 
 repugnant to that Summary of Truth, I rejeft as 
 a F*ble. 
 
 Tell me, thou ftvereign {Revolver of Douktr, 
 whether on thefe Terms I may not read the Wri- 
 ting! cf Infidilsl Books are a Relief to the Mind 
 opprefs'd with melancholly, and efpecially Hi/lo- 
 ries, which alfo bring Profit, by rightly inform- 
 ing us of the Tranfaclions of paft Ages : So that 
 Things, which were done thoufands of Years a- 
 go, are made prefent to us. Where then is the 
 Grime in reading thefe Memoirs of the Ancient i ? 
 Is it not confident with the Faith of a Muflulman 
 to read thefe Hi/lories, becaufe they were penn'd 
 by Heathens ? Muft we rejeft all that the Paganj 
 did or faid ? Why then are the Works of Plutarch 
 had in fuch Veneration by the Prince s of our Lav ? 
 I tell thee, I not only read Plutarch, Li-vj, Ta. 
 cifui, Xextphon, Peljphius, with many other Hifl*. 
 riam that were Pagans^ but I improve by the it 
 Writings, Such rare Examples of Virtue, fuli 
 G 5 illuftrious
 
 130 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill, 
 
 illuftrious Patterns of Juftice Such folid Pre- 
 cepts of Morality as theie Authors abound with, 
 cannot in my Opinion, hurt any Man, who de- 
 fies to fquare his Life by the.beft Rules. 
 
 I read alfo the Potts, whofe Fabla and Para- 
 tlei, feem to me but to veil many excellent and 
 profitable Maxims of Human Eafe. 
 
 The Sto-y of the Birth of Trfhon, his warring 
 with Juplnr, and his final Overthrow, denotes 
 the monftrous Rife of Factions in a State, and 
 their Ruin. 
 
 The Cyclops being employ'd by Jupiter in ma- 
 Jcing Thunderbolts, and kiiikig &fctt!at>!u.<, for 
 which they themfelves were afterwards flain by 
 ^'po'lo, intimates the Ufe which Sovereign Princes 
 make of cruel, covetous and unjuft Officers : 
 who when they have fulfill'd the Pleafure of 
 their Matters, are abandoned by them to the Re- 
 venge of the opprefs'd Subjects. This is com- 
 monly experienc d in all Monarchies, and efpecial- 
 ally in the mighty Empire of the Ofmans; where 
 the Baffa^s, though the Grand Signior, for the Ends 
 of State, connives a while at their unjuft Op- 
 preffion of the Mujfulmant under their Govern- 
 ment, yet in due time, to Ifcew his Abhorrence 
 of their Villanies, configns 'em over to the Exe- 
 (uticer. Thou knoweft to whom the Bow-ftring 
 was fenr laft ; I wifli his Success may not equally 
 merit it. 
 
 Jff*}n*s being devour'd by his Dogs, only for 
 feeing Diana in a Ba:h, might have ierv'd as a 
 Warning to Ufifh the Black Eunuch, who cculd 
 not reftrain his Tongue from babling out the 
 private Amours of Sultan Ibrahim. It was -Dan- 
 ger enough to know the SecrtC; but to divulge 
 it, was a fure way to incur the Revenge O f tho 
 Prince.
 
 Vol. III. a SPY af PARTS- 131 
 
 Not mtich unlike was his Error, \vho tho' he 
 did not report it to others, yet had the Prcfum- 
 ption to check his Sovereign to his Face, and ic- 
 jj roach him with Luxury. Had he been acquaint- 
 ed with the Fable of Endjrmioa and the Mceit, it 
 would perhaps have taught him, that it is not the 
 part of a Favourite to to take notice of his M--fter'r 
 ftolen Pleafures, but rather to invite him fome- 
 times from the Toils of State, and unbend his Mind 
 with Recreation}. 
 
 There are many other profitable Remarks hid. 
 den under the Fictions of the Poets ; which, tho* 
 they may feem myftcrious at firft View, yet being, 
 examin'd with a little Attention, proves as eafy to 
 be underftood, as the Htero'lyphicki were of old 
 to the Egjpn'ans, who knew no other Letters 
 
 God, the/'/? Intellect, who imprinted his Mind 
 on Tablet} of Marble, in Letters of A abick, and 
 writ the Decalogue with a Beam of his Glory ; ha- 
 ving alfo infpired all Nations with the knowledge 
 of Letter;, grant, That whilft I read the Records of 
 the Gentiles, 1 may not forget the Precefti of the- 
 
 Paris, -i^dtf the ith Mton t 
 ef the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER IX. 
 
 To Murec Bafla. 
 
 A Courier came to this City laft Night, bring*, 
 ing News of the taking of Cturtray by the 
 French Army. This is a cOnfiderable Town in 
 Flanders, and commands ti great part of the Coun- 
 try. The Dttkt of Orleans invefted it on the 
 
 G 6 ninth
 
 132, LETTERS 'Writ ly Vol. Ill 
 
 ninth of the laft M on and on the eighteenth lay 
 down before it with the whole Army. The S/M- 
 ttijb General haften'd to its Relief, and brought 
 Thirty thoufand Men of Six Nations, to combat 
 with the French. But they quarrel'J about Pre- 
 cedency of Poft. High Words pafs'd between 
 the Duke of Lorrain and General Lambs], Thus, 
 while they fpend their Time in needlefs Contefbs, 
 the F.-ench took the Town : And having left a 
 ftrong Garrilbn there, part of the Army com- 
 manded by the Marefcbal di G'amrnant, is march- 
 ed to join the Hollander i, with Defign to attack 
 Antwerp ; and the reft follow the Duke of O- 
 leant, who' they fay, intends to befiege Mardjke. 
 This Is a Sea Town that has nothing in it conli- 
 tlerable enough to tempt a Ctnyuerer, fave the 
 Haven, which is of great Importance in thole 
 Seas. 
 
 We have had no Rains here thefe three Moons, 
 which makes the People fear a Famine. Pro- 
 vUions of all forts are very dear ; and thofe who 
 Kave great Quantities of Corn will not bring it 
 to the Markets. The Fruits are all blafred, and a 
 Diftemper rages in the City, which fills all PI ces 
 with Death and Mourning. The Cattel drop 
 down dead in the Fields, and the Rivers are al- 
 inoft dried up Men languifh and wither, as if 
 p-rch'd up by ibme inward Tire Fearful J/pf>a- 
 riticns are feen in the Air ; each Night brings 
 forth new Prid'giet. The People lament the prt. 
 /?*?, and prefage greater Calamities to come. 
 While M*kmut perfeveres unmovd, and neither 
 molefrs himfelf nor others , about the inevitable 
 Decrees and Diftinj. I keep in the Path of my Du- 
 ty, without turning to the Right Hand or to the 
 Left. I ferve the Grand Sigaitr faithfully : I 
 pry for his Health, and for the Welfare of 
 the m?!rt. I neither give Alms to the irfJelr, 
 
 nor
 
 Vol. III. ^ SPY at PARIS. 133 
 
 nor do them any Injuries. In fine, if I cannot 
 reap any Profit from other Mens Virtues, \ take 
 care their Wets fhall Jo me no harm. 
 
 'Tisfaid there will be a Prtceflim here fhortly, 
 whereat the King, the Quifn Regent, and the who'e 
 Court will aflift bare foot, for an Example of o- 
 thers. The Body of a certain Female Sair,t, 
 whom they efleem the Pttronefi of this City, will 
 be taken out of the Church where it lies, and will 
 le carried with other Reliqurt of Saints thro 1 the 
 Streets of Paris, to atone the Wrath of Heaven, 
 which fe;ms to be kindled againft them. 
 
 In the mean time I pray Heaven to fend down 
 its Blefilngs on the Ottoman Empire , and pre- 
 ferve the true Faithful from the three Scturga of 
 Gut. 
 
 Paris, 23<^/ tht l*b Moon, 
 ef the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER X. 
 
 To ihe Aga of the Janizaries. 
 
 I Perceive thou haft follow'd the Advice I for- 
 merly gave rhee , to read Hifion'es , wherein 
 thy Letter fpeaks thee very converfant. Thou 
 wilt have no Reafon to repent of a Labour that 
 affords fo agreeable a Diverfion, efpecially to a 
 Soldier and a Statefman. They open the Graves, 
 and call forth the Dead, without difturbing their 
 Repofe ; and prefent to us thole Heroes Jiving, 
 talking and acting great Things , whofe Bodies 
 have lain buried in Silence and Obfcurity many 
 Ages. They introduce us into the Clofets of 
 
 Princct,
 
 1 3 4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. ITT. 
 
 p<inces t revealing their moft fecret Connfels- 
 They make us familiar with the Intncguei cf Pe. 
 linctJns, and the Strgtagemt of Warriors. Tn fine, 
 there is norhing publick or private, in the Courts 
 or Cftmfs of the greateft Mwrth; t to which an 
 Hfloriaii is a Stranger. 
 
 I applaud the Choice thou haft made of Grecian 
 Hftones, and others of the Eaft , yet I counfel 
 thee, not to negleft thofe of the Weft. The ac- 
 cienr Roman Writers are full of rare Examples ; 
 and modern F'tnc?, which emulates all great 
 and glorious Undertakings, takes equal (are 
 to commit to Pofterity , the Liv^s of iliuftri- 
 ous Pcrfons. I fay not this, in Contempt of 
 other Countries in Europe. The Chnftians of thefe 
 Parts in general are accurate Hi ft or i am. I hey 
 are univeria.'ly Learned , in regard their is no 
 Kingdom in Europe, where they have not Schotlt 
 and Academic, where all La-igu*gf> and Sc:encet 
 are taught. The Plough men in the Field fpeak 
 L*tin and Greek, which thoa knoweft are now 
 grown obfolere , and no where to be learn'd 
 but in Books. The Meckanicks are Pbiliftphers ; 
 and every Man fets up for an Hflorfan, or an 
 ^nttqua-y. It was not fo in former Times, when 
 the Eccttjiejticks had engrofs'd all manner of 
 Learning to themfelves, except fome few of the 
 Kebiliry and G-::tt-y, who had the Advantage of 
 Putrimtnitt Libraries, and Leifure to apply them- 
 felves to Stucy. For then it was difficult to 
 purchafe Btok;, there being bur few ; and for 
 thofe, they were obliged to the Labour of the 
 Strike. Hence it came to pafs, that only fuch as 
 had Plenty of Money, and a ftrong Inclination 
 to Knowledge, monopoliz'd the chiefell Mann, 
 fcripts into their If ands, and bequeath d them as 
 a Legacy to their Of-fpring. But, fince the In- 
 Vention^of Printing, Botkt are infinitely multilpi- 
 
 ed,
 
 Vol. III. *SPY at PARIS- 135- 
 
 ed, grown cheap and common : And thofe Hi/ft- 
 ries and Sciences, which before were ihut up in the 
 Latin, Greek, .or fome of the Oriental Language?, 
 are now tranflated into the vulgar speech of every 
 Nation ; whereby the lowed fort of People who 
 can but read, have the Privilege to become as 
 knowing as their Superiors, and the Slavs may 
 vie for Learning with his Sovereign. This makes 
 the Nazartnet upbraid the true Faithful with 
 Ignorance and Uarbarifm , becaufe Printing is 
 not fufier'd throughout the Mvfjllwan Lnr^f. 
 They confider not the bad Conferences cf rirs 
 dn, as well as the good -. And, that the Liberty 
 of the Prefs has fill'd the World with Errors and 
 Lies : Befides, they are Stangers to the Educa- 
 tion of the Muffxlmws, who are generally taught 
 the A^aiick and Perfian Tongues from their Child- 
 hood : In which Two Language!, how many fa- 
 mous H'ftorits have been writ ? There is no point 
 of ufeful Wifdom, which is not compriz'd in the 
 
 of the E*ft;ra Sages. And as forunpro. 
 Arable Treatifes and Pamphlets with which the 
 European! abound, they are fuperfluous and bur- 
 denfome, bringing a double Lofs, both to Wri- 
 ter and Reader; while they rob them of their 
 Time and Money, and commit a Rape on their 
 Underftandings Add to this, the fatal Effefts- 
 which this depraved Indulgence of Printing has. 
 produced i a Ch>iJ?endam. What Sacrileges, Maf- 
 facres, Rebellions and Impieties. , have over- 
 flow'd moft Parts of the Weft in this licentious 
 Age ? What Hatred among ChnJHans, what Se- 
 ditions among Subjefts , Diverflties in Religi- 
 on, Contempts of all Lam, both Divine, .Na'uraf, 
 and thole of Nations? The Vices, at which for. 
 mer Times would have blufn'd ; nay, at the ve- 
 ry naming of which our Father; would have flai t- 
 ed, as at a Prodigy, are in thefe Days committed 
 
 openly,
 
 136 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 openly, without Shame, without Contradiction * 
 whilft there are Authors who dare publickly afTert 
 the Caufe of Impiety, and patronize all manner 
 of Prophanations. 
 
 But thou, who hafl the Honour to guard the in- 
 corruptible Seat of Jujtiee and yirtut, the bright 
 Throne of the Ofman Emperors, who are the Sha- 
 dow of God on E*rth, haft made iuch a Choice of 
 Books, as commends thy Wifdom, and the Since- 
 rity of thy Morals. Thou wilt not fuffer thy Ima- 
 gination to be tainted, with thofe enchanting / 
 dean of Evil, which are drawn by the Pens of fome 
 elegant Writer). All that thou feekeft in Books, is 
 to inform thy Underftanding, reftify thy Judg. 
 ment, and enflame thy Affections with the Lcve 
 of Virtue. To this end ferve the divine Precept? 
 of our My Dtfton, and other learned Sages ; 
 the Writings Q Philoftpbers, and the Examples of 
 renown'd Heroes. From thele thou gathereft 
 Strength, to praftife the four material Virtues, 
 aud all the good Qualities that fpring from thofe 
 Roots. 
 
 Go on, and increafe in the Graces and Accom- 
 plilhments, which {hall render thee worthy to be 
 made the SubjeEf of a particular Hi flu y ; while 
 the old ftiall recommend, and the young ihall co- 
 vet, nothing more pafllrmately, tlian to read the 
 JJje of Cajjita Halt, Janiz^r /Iga. 
 
 Mahmut falutts thee with a Rifs of Affeftion. 
 Reverence thy feif, and all Men will honour thee* 
 So taught Pjth*gori. 
 
 Paris, ijtb of the %t1t Mttn, 
 of tht r<r 1646. 
 
 L E T-
 
 Vol.111, a SPY at PARIS. 137 
 
 LETTER. XI. 
 
 To the fame. 
 
 IHnd forgot to perform in my other Letter, 
 what thou commanded^ me. Yet knowing 
 the Lfteem thou hall for Women of Virtue and 
 rare Endowments , and with what Pleafure thou 
 readeft their Storiet, I mould never fend any Dif- 
 pa-ch to thee, wherein there is not a Relation of 
 feme Heroine. I wil ! be more diligent hereafter, 
 to oblerve the Difpofirion of my Swpwior/^and will 
 endeavour to procure a Colleftion of the Livet 
 and Characters of all the famous Wimen, that have 
 been recorded in Hifto'j. In the mean while, 
 hear what the Frtiub fay, of Chriftin* Queen of 
 Swcdeland, of whom thou required a Defcription. 
 
 She is the only Daughter of Guftav!t> ddo'phur, 
 the rnoft victorious Prince that ever govern'd 
 that Nation, and one of the moft fuccefsful 
 Warriors in the World. As his whole Life was 
 led in the Field, fo there he received an honour- 
 able Death, being flain in the Battle of Luiz.en-. 
 Some fay, by the Treachery of Duke A.bert, who- 
 had in Appearance deferted the En.peror, and 
 offer'd himfelf a Voluntier to Guftwut .ddolphus, 
 I formerly mention'd this Duke, and that he was 
 kill'd by a Svedi/b Lady. If the Sufpicion of the 
 Svoedst be well grounded, and that Duke Albert 
 was really guilty of the Murder of Guftavnt, it 
 may be this was the Motive which brought thofc 
 rfmazam into the Field, to revenge the Death of 
 their Prince. But it is impoiTible to be aflur'd of 
 the Truth, among fo many different Opinions. 
 
 When-
 
 138 LETTERS Writ fy Vol. III. 
 
 When the F r excb fpeak of Gufl-vtts 
 they cannot reftrain their Words on this fide a 
 Pwriyrick. They fay, he was a Pritct above all 
 Praife. 'Tis certain his very Enemies admired 
 his unimitable Courage, and matchlels Fortune. 
 I have fent thee the true Effigies of his Face, 
 where thou wilt fee a moft agreeable Mixture 
 of Majefty and Benignity, creating Refpeft and 
 Love at the fame time in the Beholders He waj 
 fo familiar with every one, as if he had forgot 
 himfelf, as well as he was a Stranger to Pride. 
 He \vas a great Student in his Youth, and made 
 himfelf Mafter of Lain, Fnnch and Italian ; be- 
 ing alfo perfectly skill'd in Ancient and Modern 
 Hlftoriet. He had a wonderful Faculty in difco- 
 verirg Impoftors ; a dextrous Wit in Time of 
 Danger and Difficulty, bting ready at Counfel, 
 and fwift in Execution ; a- d as cunning at a 
 Stratagem, as he was bold at an Onfet. He was 
 liberal to his Officers, ad to all Men of Merit ; 
 but a fevere Punifher of Diforders in his Army. 
 And that hich crown'd all the reft of h : s Vir- 
 tues, his Piety to G;d was flngular, and worthy . 
 cf Remark. The fitntlj relate a memorable $*j!*g 
 or this King, when he was once in his Camp 
 before Werben. He had beenfolitary in the Cabi- 
 net of his Pavilion fome Hours together, and 
 none of his Attendants durft interrupt him ; till 
 at length a Favourite of his having fome impor- 
 tant Matter to tell him, came fofdy to the Door, 
 and looking in, beheld the King rery devoutly 
 on his Knees at Prayers. Fearing to moleft him 
 in that j 'acred Exerci/e, he was about to with- 
 draw his Head when the King fpied him, and bid 
 him come in ; faying unto him, Thou wonder, ft 
 to j(e me in ibis Pojtu't, fer.te 1 bfui / many th~ 
 f*r.d} of Subjects to p>ay far me. But J teS thee, 
 ik*t at Mn k*i more mid to frj fsr bimfelf, than. 
 
 he,
 
 Vol. III. a SPY At PARIS- 139 
 
 he, wb9 bting to render an Account of his 48iom to 
 rone but GOD, is for tht Reafon mure clofely <*/- 
 faulted by the Devil, than all other Men b'fide. 
 
 Gafta-vu! was born in the Year / 594 at which 
 time, they fay, a Comet was feen in the Form of a 
 Sword, with its Point direfted toward G^-mnny ; 
 which the Aftrologers of thofe Times interpreted 
 as a Prefage of that King's Warlike G(mu>, and 
 of his future Conquefts in the Etntirt. He came 
 to the Government before h had Teen full feven- 
 teen Winters, and was cor'off in the eight aad 
 tkirtieth Year of his Ago 
 
 It is faid, That a few Dr.ys before his Death, 
 whera his Soldiers received him with infinite Ac- 
 clamations and all the Marks of an unufal and 
 intemperate Joy, he feem'd to be troubled at it, 
 liaying That he took iha' txe-ffive Dfmtnft'att'gn of 
 hit A'oW/Vr; Love, ftr ait Omen of feme app caching 
 Difafler ; Jnd th.-.t he wan afared GOD would, 
 ly raking him away, teach th-m, tha: theieii neCott- 
 fidence to be repif<d in any Mortal. 
 
 After the Death of 'Gujlavut , the State.' of the 
 Ktngdom aiTembling, proclaim'd Cbnfinit Queen ; 
 and, during her Minority, committed her to the 
 Tutelage of Five principal Officers of the K.>ngdt-m t 
 who alib took on them the whole Care of the 
 Commcn-ycaith. 
 
 She is perfeft in Seven Languages ; well vers'd! 
 in Ancient and Modern P&tofytty, and a com- 
 plete Hlfian'an. In fine, fte has acquired the Title 
 of the moft learned Princefs of her Time. 
 
 She is- of a graceful and majeftick Afpe> ; 
 has a piercing Eye ; wears part of her Hair 
 loofe about her Temples , and flowing down 
 in Curls to her Shoulders ; the relt braided up 
 behind, in Form of a Wreath, Thus is ihe re- 
 prefented by her Pi&ure, which I have feen in a 
 Gallery of Cardinal Maz#rjn?s Palace, who pro- 
 
 feffes
 
 140 LETTER* Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 feifts a great Veneration for this Queen. Could 
 I have purchafed this Partraiffure, as I did her 
 Father's, I would have fent it thee : But all the 
 Pencils in Pur it are hardlv fufficient to fupply the 
 Clofets and Galleries of the Nob/e.', with this 
 admired Figure. She is become the Idol of the 
 trench 
 
 Many great Matches have been offer'd her, 
 but fhe refutes all, either for Reaibn of State, or 
 Difltke ef the Perfons, or an Averfion fhe has 
 for a married Life; or through Opposition of 
 her Neble;, who feem to covet to be govern'd by 
 a Maldett Queen. Soon afier her Father's Death, 
 the King of D< >/>> attempted to make her 
 his Wife ; but his Addrels was abruptly re- 
 
 No better Encouragement did the King of />- 
 land lately meet with, who twice folJicited the 
 fame thing for himfelf. and was as often repulfed. 
 But this, 'tis thought, proceeded from fome poli- 
 tick Reafons, he being defcended of Stgifmund^ 
 a former abdiia-ed King of s&erfcn ; all whofe />- 
 Jierity are for ever excluded from enjoying the 
 bindifa Crew, by a Law. 
 
 The Englijh alfo gloried in a Virgin Quern the 
 laft Age : Her Name was Elizabeth, whom thou 
 canft not but have heard of She was the Daugh- 
 ter of Hmry VIII. King of that Nation. She was 
 a Princifi of an extraordinary Geniut, remark- 
 able for her Wit and Learning. 'Twas one of 
 her Subjects, who the firft of all Mortals, fail d 
 round the Globe : And, by his fortunate Service, 
 Ihe vanquiflj'd the r< puced invincible j4*meil* of 
 Spiin. Jhe govern'd her Kingdom with fuch ex- 
 tjuifite Conduct, as made the greateft- Ptenra f es 
 revere her U ii'dom. 'Tis to her Bounty the 
 United Province! owe the Rife of their prefent 
 Grandeur and Riches j when they addrefs'd tins 
 
 potent
 
 Vol. III. s* SPY at PARIS. 141 
 
 porent Queen in Form of humble Suppliants, en- 
 titling rhemfelves, The Poor Diftrtfrd Stater. But 
 now they're High and Mighty, pufhing for an E- 
 quality with Sovereign Princes. 
 
 I cannot comprize in a Letter all that may be 
 faid of this great Queen. Belldes, tiiftvn'an vary 
 in her Character. Thofe that fpeak moft impar- 
 tially, fay, That fhe had extraordinary Virtue;, 
 ; yet was/ nor. free from great Vices. We muft not 
 ex peer, in any Mortal, a Temper exempt from 
 the common Malediction ; much lefs in that Srx, 
 whofe natural Weaknefs claims our Indulgence 
 and Excufe. It is admirable to fee or hear of a 
 Fenate, whofe aftivc Soul can difingage it felf 
 from the common Frailties of Womm. and per- 
 form things, fcarce below the Power of Marline 
 Virtue. 
 
 If thouthinkeft my Letr&r too tedious, accufe 
 thy felf for commanding me to write of Pcribns 
 whofe uncommon Gifts and tranfcendent Virtues, 
 the moft accurate Hiflorians can but render in . 
 fi f eme ; and the moft durable Record; of Paine 
 will injure, in not being capable to tranfmit them 
 to Eternity. 
 
 We ought not to contemn the Excellencies 
 of the Naziftnef ; who, though they are un- 
 happy in not knowing the ^''cra, yet they 
 have a Lav engraven on their Hearts; which if 
 they obferve, they (hall be in the Number of the 
 BltftJ 
 
 I am no Stranger to thy Moderation and 
 Juftice, being fully fatisfied. that thou honour- 
 eft Virtue, even in the moft prejudiced E-- 
 nemy of cur kaly Pref ffion. Let the FMriefo'i 
 among the Majfalmans or Chnftians fay their 
 Pleafure , thou and I fl-all be conformable to 
 our holy Lawgiver, in believing, That the fa- 
 me ent nd gwd of all Religions foall have no 
 
 Reajta
 
 141 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Reafcn to trcamtle at the fecond Sound of the 
 Trumpet. 
 
 Paris, 17/6 of the %tk Moon, 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XII. 
 
 To tie Seli&ar Aga., or Sword-Bearer fo 
 the Grand Signior. 
 
 TH E Duke of Orleans is newly returned from 
 the Campaign in Flanders. He feems to be 
 either tired with his Fatigues of War, or at leaft 
 to be fatisfy'd with his Exploits this Summer. 
 
 After the Conqueft of Courtraf, of which thou 
 haft heard in the Divan, this Prince march'd di 
 reftly to Bergue.', which he took, after a Siege of 
 Six Days. Then being join'd by the Duke of 
 Enguittfs Forces, he lay down before Mardjkt. 
 This Town had been in the Spaniard t Pofleffion 
 ever fince laft Winter. New it held out to a Mi- 
 racle ; but, after a ftout Refinance, was at laft 
 forced to furrender. There were flain before it, 
 many of the chief Nobility of France. The French 
 cnter'd it, on the four and twentieth of the laft 
 Moon. 
 
 > The Cbnrckei here are hung with Mowing, and 
 the Efcutchcons of the Heroes, who loft their Lives 
 in the Bed of Honour. The Bullets which 
 know no difference between the *eble and vulgar, 
 ieem in this Battel to have been directed by Art 
 or Envy : As if the Flower of the Army had 
 been cuITd out for Marks. 
 
 la
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 143 
 
 In a Letter to Murat B*JJa, I gave an Account 
 of a grievous Drought: and Mortality in thefe Parts. 
 Now Heaven icems to be pacify'd ; and the Angel 
 of Death has put up his Sword. Yet the Scarcity 
 of Corn, and other Neceflaries, continues (till ; 
 only there is Plenty of Wine ; which the poor, 
 who have mod Need of it, abftain from, left ic 
 fhould enrage their Appetites, already lharpen'd 
 with Hunger, whilft they have little or nothing 
 to eat. 
 
 Thou wilt wonder at the Die: of thofe mife- 
 rable Wretches, whom Oppreflion and Poverty 
 has forced to feed on Frogs and other f^trmin ; 
 yet they extol it for a dainty Difh. Both poor 
 and rich reckon it a Feaft, when they can make 
 an Addition of a few Mufbromt!, which they com- 
 monly gather ihemfelves. This is a Vegitable, of 
 which the Italian Proverb fays, Mufhromes roeS 
 pickled with Spicet, nay dt no Harm, but can do no 
 Good. 
 
 God, who has commanded us to feparate the 
 clean from the impure, and has taught us what 
 we may eat without Pollution, grant, that we 
 may not, either through Neceffity, or to indulge 
 our Appetites, tafte of any thing, which has in 
 It the leaft of the feven Maleditfiont. 
 
 Paris, \0ftb of the $ 
 f the Tear 1646. 
 
 L E T-
 
 144 LETTERS Writ Ij Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER XIII. 
 
 To Abubechir Mali. Merchant, in 
 Aleppo 
 
 THOU telleft me a frag ical Story of one of 
 thy Wives, that fhe is become a Fugitive, 
 and gone away with thy Slave Lorenzo, \vh. m I 
 remember to -have feen at thy Houfe at Con/Ian, 
 ifnople. Either thou wert too unkind to them 
 both, or gaveft them both too much Liberty: 
 X* hlchicever of thefe Ways thou haft exceeded, 
 thou art in the Fault Too great an Indulgence, 
 either to a Wife or a Servant, makes them pre- 
 fnmptuous : And too great Severity , hardens 
 them to Defpair. However, fmce it isfo, I ad- 
 vile thee to comfort thy ielf with this Thought, 
 that thou art rid of two Evils. Had they prov'd 
 faithful, they would not have merited that Title ; 
 but now they are neither worthy of thy Grief, 
 nor of thy Revenge. 
 
 But if thou art refolv'd to purfue them, ask 
 not my Counfel or Affiftance in this Place, where 
 I fliould have as much Reafon to apprehend Dan- 
 ger, as they. 'Tis true, I know thy Slave ; but 
 were I to meet him in the Streets of this City, I 
 fliould be very unwilling, by difcovering him, to 
 be made known my felf Belldes, thy Paflion has 
 made thee forget, that the Nazarcne; would com- 
 mend his Wit. and rejoice in his Fortune, who 
 being a Slavs to one whom they efteem an //- 
 eiti. has now, by his wife Conduft. purchafed 
 toth his Liberty, and a beautiful Mate, with no 
 finall Treafure. 
 
 I rather advife thee, to apply thy felf to Jafmir 
 Sghe Rugial, the little ^ftretogtr in dleppo, who 
 
 perhaps
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS- 141 
 
 perhaps may tell thee fome News of 'em- There 
 is not a Scar in the eighth Sphere can flir, with- 
 out his being privy to it. And he pretends to 
 behold in their Motions, whatever is done on 
 Earth. 
 
 But to be ferious, thy Slave was an ungrateful 
 Fellow, thus to abufe all thy Favours Thou 
 hadft made him in a manner Matter of all thy 
 Riches, only referving thy Wives to thy felf. 
 And if the Defire of Liberty tempted him to 
 efcape, he ought in Juftice to have facrificed his 
 Luft, to the Regards he ow'd thee. Eut every 
 Slave is not a Jtfcfh. Lortnzo's Villany puts me 
 in mind of the Continence of an Italian Mar. 
 
 This young Lord fell in Love with a Dutcheft 
 of fingular Beauty, but knew not how to make 
 her fenfible of it. At length Fortune favour'd 
 him with. an Opportunity, beyond his Expefta- 
 tion. One Evening, as he returned from Hawk- 
 ing, he pafs'd through the Fields of that D.utchcfs t 
 bordering on the P*l*ce. The Duke her Husband, 
 and fhe, were walking together, as the young 
 Lord came by. The Duke ieeing his Train, and 
 what Game they had been at, ask'd him fome 
 Queftlons concerning their Sport, and being of 
 .an hofpitable Difpoiition, invited him into his 
 Palace to take a Collation. Nothing could bs 
 more agreeable to the ypung Lover. He accept- 
 ed the Offer, and here commenc'd an Acquain- 
 tance. which made way in Time for an Afligna- 
 tion between the Dutcbefs and him. He was lee 
 into the Gardens one Night, and fo conducted 
 privately to her Chamber, where ihe lay ready in 
 Bed to receive him. After fome Compliments, 
 the Dutch? ft faid, My Lord, T*u re ol> iged to my 
 for [this Favour ; who, as foox as you were 
 from our Hoitfe, (fre ft ft time we fate you, 
 H
 
 146 LETTERS Writ ly Vol.111. 
 
 gave you fuch Commend 'Mitts, tts made me conceive 
 a* immediate PuJJion for you. Is it true, Madam? 
 (reply'd the young Lover already half undrefs'd) 
 f lh*n jar bt it f om we, to -be fo ungr*t?ful tt my 
 Friend. With that he put on his Garments again, 
 and took his Leave. 
 
 But it cannot be expefted that fo much Vir- 
 tue fhculd be found in a Sltatc. I would not have 
 , thee vex thy felf, for what cannot be recover*!. 
 'Adieu. 
 
 Faris, 1+th / fhe gth 
 .*/ the Tear 1646. 
 
 L E T T E R XIV. 
 
 To Sclyman his Coufin. 
 
 I 'Cannot approve thy Singularity, in prefcribing 
 to thy felf a Rule of Life, different from that 
 wherein thou wert educated, and from the lau- 
 tJible Manners of all trite Believer}. Thou haft 
 .mt done well in deferting the publick Cor.g'tga* 
 ti nt of the -Faitbfal, to follow the Supervisions 
 of new upftart SeRs ; who. whilfl: they profefs 
 greater Purity than others, do fecretly undermine 
 the Credit of our- kolj Lawgiver, reproach all the 
 Myffulwam- throughout the World, and introduce 
 Libe r tinifm. and a Contempt of the Mtjefty which 
 cannot behold Undeanneft. 
 
 Are they wifer than their *Father<, who for fo 
 many Ages have obey'd the facred Traditions? 
 Or, Will they pretend to correft the Me/lnger of 
 {ltd ? He commanded us to obferve the Purifi- 
 cttiotu taught by the ^ngel : U hence do thefe 
 derive their new- founded Authority, 
 
 of
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS 147 
 
 of difpenfing with the pofitive Injunctions of H.-a. 
 <uen ? Will they enter into the Blafphemy of the 
 I'tfidelt? and fay, the Prophet was a Seducer, and 
 that the Alcoran is but a CoUetlion of /fc^/<?j ? If 
 they believe the Pagts replenilh'd with Truth and 
 Reafin, why do they feek to retrench the Divine 
 Commandments, and traverfe the tranfported 
 from Heaven ? Is it an Argument of their Piety, 
 that they carve out to themfelves fuch a Religion, 
 as fuits with their licentious Spirits ? And, that 
 they pick and chufe fuch Precept /, as indulge them 
 rnoft in a carelefs Life ? Is this to be Muffnlmanr^ 
 that is, refignd, when they will not obey the fo- 
 vereign Lawgiver of Heaven and Earth, but upon 
 their own Conditions ? Coufin, I counfel thee, to 
 beware of thefe Scbifwafickt ; who by breaking 
 the Unien of the true Beiievtrs, fecretly oppofe 
 the eternal Unity it felf, on which our might j Em- 
 fire is founded, and refts. 
 
 I am obliged to the Poft, who waits at my Door, 
 till I have finifh'd my Difpatehtt. Therefore I 
 cannot now anfwer thy Letter at large ; Another 
 time expeft a more ample Expoftulation. Mean 
 while, I advife thee, To return to the Practice 
 from which thou art fallen : Go to the djfemblies 
 of thofe, who pour out devout Oraifcns : keep a 
 clear Skin, and a pure Heart ; and make not thy 
 felf a Companion of Swine. 
 
 Paris, 24^ / the loth Mtott, 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 Hi LET.
 
 
 148 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER XV. 
 
 To Hafrudar Bafty, Chief Tieafurer f 
 the Grand Signior. 
 
 THIS Day P*ri: makes a Figure like ancient 
 Rome, when that Miftrefs of the World ho- 
 nour' d her Generals with publick Triumphs, at 
 their Return from the conquer'd Nations. The 
 Streets are hung with Tapeftry, and ftrew'd with 
 Lawreh : The Shops are fhut up. The young 
 Men and X r irgins are cloathed in their beft Array. 
 They walk up and down in Conforts, flnging the 
 Duke of HKguiens Praife ; whilft the old" and de- 
 . -Tepid fit at their Doors to fee the Hen make his 
 l-'ntry, and rehearfe the Memoirs of their former 
 Year's. With Tears of Joy they heap BleiTings on 
 rhe victorious Youth, as he rides along: And 
 throwing 'heir Age and Crutches by for awhile, 
 rhey coniecrate the reft of the Day to the pub- 
 lick Jubilee. 
 
 Would'ft thou know the Occafion of all this 
 Jry : 'listo welcome this Prince home from 
 the fuccefsful Toils of Wars. For let his Courage 
 and Conduft be what it will, if he had made a 
 fruitlefs Campaign, his Entertainment -had been 
 different. But Fortune has, been propitious to 
 him ; and the happy Event of his Arms, crowns 
 him with Glory. 
 
 After the Departure of the Duke of Orleans from 
 the Camp, the Command of the whole Army de- 
 volv'don this General, uhofe fiery Gtnittt would 
 not let him reft, till he had done fomething wor- 
 thy of the Character he aim'd at. 
 
 His firft Attempt was on a Place of no great 
 Strength, called Furnet, which he took with Eafe, 
 
 Then
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 149 
 
 Then he march'd to Dunkirk, one of the irrongefl: 
 Towns in Europe. There was in in at that time a 
 Garrifon of Five and twenty hundred Foot, and 
 Three hundred Horfe, commanded by a Noi-lswan 
 of great Valour. I think they call him theM*rf.-> 
 tie Lei fie. This Gwerntur did fo many brave 
 Things in Defence of this Place as even lurpafs'd 
 his own Fame, and the Expectations of ethers, 
 though both were very great. Yet at length he 
 \vas forc'd to yield to the Courage and Fortune 
 of the young Duke ; and that at a Time when the 
 other Spam'Jh Geaerah were coming to his Relief. 
 The Town was furrender'd on rhe 7th of this 
 Moon. And the Duke having left the necerTary 
 Commands to the Mre.fchts his Lieutenants, to 
 come home to receive the Acclamations of ths 
 People, the Honour of a publick Triumph, and 
 the particular GarefTes of the King, and the whole 
 Court. Amidft all this AppLufe and Glory, he 
 mud be content to fraud the: Shock of Envy, which 
 always endeavours to letlen the Reputation of the 
 brave and heroick. 
 
 As for M-tbraut, he neither envies nor admires 
 the fading Honours of Mortality : Knowing, That 
 when a Man is on the higheft Pinnacle of Hu- 
 mane Glory, he {lands uneafy ; nor can he de 
 fcend from thence, but by a Precipice. 
 
 Paris, 24^ of the totb Moon, 
 of ths Tear 1646, 
 
 H LET-
 
 150 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 LETTER XVI. 
 
 Te Ibrahim Hali Cheik,, A Man of the Law. 
 
 IF it be a Sign of a fiourifhing Statf, when 
 Mat sue fupprcfi'd, cne would preface, That 
 P*rif is in a thriving Condition. The Govcrr.our 
 of this City has newly publiih'd unEdiff, Forbid- 
 ding all te*>} and Brothel. Honfa under leveie 
 Penalties ; banifhing all Harlot:, and fach as by 
 the Toleration of the Government have hither- 
 to made a Profeflion of Whoredom, getting a Live- 
 lihood by debauching the Youth of the City. 
 This appears a great Novelty to the French, who 
 in this Matter have been permitted" all along to 
 live in an unbridled Licentioufnefs. The lewder 
 fort exclaim with opea Mouth againft this unfea- 
 fonabie Rigour, (as they call it ;) and thofe who 
 are afhamed to appear public k Advocates for 
 Harlots, yet privately murmur againft the S. 
 fen'on, for retrenching a Liberty, without which, 
 they fay , their Lives would be uncomfort- 
 able. 
 
 They give a very favourable Character of a 
 Wlare; calling her, A certain kind Creature, born to 
 innigte the Lafaurs, and frften the Caref, of Ha. 
 tna*e Lift. They plead, That fuch Women are 
 necefTary Members of a Cammonwealth ; whilft 
 with their CarefTes, they reftrain libidinous 
 Youth from falling ir.to greater Enormities : 
 That the States receive no fmall Profit from the 
 Tribute, which is levied on thele Houfes of Plea- 
 fare ; and that therefore they have been, and 
 are permitted in all Countries. That the holy 
 Father liimfeif tolerates an infinite Number of 
 them in Rime, which nevertheleis has acquired 
 
 the
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at' PARIS, ifi 
 
 the Title of the Holy City. That all the Prince* 
 in I'-.alf have follow'd his E'x ample, there being 
 no other way to prevent Adulteries, Incefrs. and 
 the Vice which ought not to be named. That the 
 State regarded not the Morality or Immorality 
 of Mens Actions, any farther than they tended to 
 the publick Welfare : And in fine, that fo vaft a 
 Number of Prieftf, and Reiigiouf, ferved for ncl 
 other End, but to atone by their Sacrifices , 
 Prayers, Alms and Faftings, for the Sins of ths 
 People 
 
 Thefe are the Difcourfes of fuch as patro- 
 nize the Corruption of Government ; and are 
 unwilling to be wean'd from a Wickednefs, 
 eftablifh'd by immemorial Cuftom in the Ci- 
 ty. But thole who cherilh an Efteem for Vir- 
 tue , and an incorrupt Life , applaud the Wif- 
 liom and Refolution of the Magiftrate , faying. 
 That he deferves a Statue to be erefted to his 
 Memory , who firft had the Courage to check 
 this popular Evil, and introduce an Integrity of 
 Manners. 
 
 I, who was bred in the Profejjitn of Purity, and 
 the Law which admits no Pollution, cannat but 
 acquiefceto the Sentiments of the latter ; our holy 
 Lax-giver having exprefly forbidden the Practice 
 of Uncleannefs and Fornication with Strangers, 
 and Women that proftitute themfelves to all Lo- 
 vers. It being fufficient, That to gratify Human 
 Pafllon, and to fweeten the Toils of Life, he has 
 indulg'd us the Ufe of four Wives, and as many 
 other Females as we can purchafe, either by tha 
 Sword, or Money. 
 
 Adieu, fage Cheick', and, if I have interrupt- 
 ed thy more important Studies with fo tri- 
 vial a Subjeft, believe, That it is for waut of a 
 proper Occafion to fignifie to thee, how much 
 thou art in my Thoughts ; and that I would 
 H 4 noC
 
 i^i LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 not have our Friendlb'p die, through too long 
 iilcnce. 
 
 Paris, 2+rt> of the 
 of the T.ar 1646. 
 
 LETTER XVII. 
 To Muftapha, Baffa of Siliftria. 
 
 THE Fortune of War has ravifh'd Jfac frcm 
 the Grand Sigm'or, but has not robb'd thee 
 of the Glory thou acquiredft three Years ago in 
 the Ccnquett of that City, nor fullied thy pi cfent 
 Arms with any Marks of DiTgrace that were of 
 late ib vigorously employ 'd to relieve it. Had 
 the Mufcovittf perform d the fame part, when 
 thou didft encircle that Neft of Pyrates with the 
 Ottoman Forces, as they have now done , the 
 Cr/acks would not then fo tamely have abandoned 
 their native Scat, and left the Characters of their 
 Defpair, imprinted in the Ruins of their Habita- 
 tions The Protection of that potent Crown, 
 has given them new Vigour ; and tis to the Va- 
 lour of thofe Northern Salvages, they owe the 
 Liberty they now enjoy, to fit by their own 
 Fires. 
 
 The Mufcovt'res ure a fierce and warlike Nation, 
 inur'd to Hardfhips from the Womb. The Mid- 
 wives plunge the r.ew-born Infants in cold Wa- 
 ter ; and if they out live not that Tryal, the Mo- 
 rl.cr thinks iier Child not worth a Tear. Tlife 
 XVcmen have no partial TendernefTes for their 
 Babes, but cheriih all for the Service of their 
 Country. They teach them, when young, to 
 
 row!
 
 Vol. II L a SPY at PARIS. 15" 3. 
 
 rowl in Snow, and bathe themfelvcs in Ice dif- 
 folv'd to Water. They make them familiar wirh. 
 the Extremities of Heat and Cold Hunger. Tiiirit 
 and Labour, that when they come of Age. and 
 can bear Arms, they may go boldly to the W 
 and bravely throw their Lives away to ferve rhe 
 publick Good. In this they feem to revive the 
 Wifdom of the ancient Spartans, who gloried in 
 nothing fo much, as in educating their Youth 
 hardly, and free from the effeminate Softnefs of 
 other Nations. They efte'em'd Infancy and Youth 
 the Spring time of Good Manners, when Virtue is 
 in the Bloilbm : If that be nipp'd cr Wafted, the 
 Fruit muft prove abortive, and unprofitable. 
 Therefore they took Care to feafon their early 
 Years with \vholfome Inftruftions, and matcu- 
 line Exercifes. 
 
 Who, among the Warlike O r ?;.'~:r, t'oes not 
 Jaugh at the unmanly Education cf the Ptr/?*?* 
 who being for fo many Years onfin'd ft> 
 the Company and Difcipline of Females, feetrs 
 firrer to be made Overfeers of a Nurfery, than to 
 f.fcend a Throne ? 
 
 But thou wilt fay, I take large Leaps from rh'e- 
 
 rh of Europe, to one of the rnoft Sonrb,-tn 
 
 ,h in Jfia. I was difcourfing o-f the A/v/ir- 
 
 vife'jtind the Afflftance'they afforded the Ctfac&s 
 
 in recovering Jfxc. I pafFed from thence tu thi 
 
 Manner of their Education. Permit 'ir.-e no-y to- 
 
 -rt thee with fomething peculiar and uncom- 
 
 a, in the Character of the ' R.ufl*n Women I 
 
 nm acquainted with a Gentleman in this dry, 
 
 \vho has.trav,eird through all that Part of -?7>, 
 
 . iome Ye;;rs at Ms!';'^\ He \. 
 rhe Ri-j/ii'i Wives thinks tlieruliivr^ n( ; 
 
 . by their Husbands , unk-fs they bear rh.*m 
 ;y Day. They take his toiTettioh a 
 l;is Favour and Efteem If thefe fijlv i 
 11 f
 
 15*4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 are angry or peevifh, he has no other way to 
 court them into a better Humour, but by Stripes. 
 This is the only convincing Argument of his 
 Sovereignty over them, the Demonilration of his 
 Manhood, the Charm which faftens both their 
 Love and Obedience. 
 
 He highly applauds the abfolute Refignatiort 
 which the People fhew to their great Duke, in 
 that they pretend not to pofTefs their Eftates and 
 Lives, buc through his Favour, and during his 
 Pkafure. He fays, the SuccrJJtw of the Czarj, or 
 gr t at Dukes of Rajfia, was in former Times de- 
 termin'd after this manner. A great Stone was 
 placed in a large Field belonging to the City of 
 Mafcw. When any Czar died, his Sons, or the 
 next of Kin, were conduced into this Field, and 
 placed all at an equal Diftance from the Stone. 
 Than, at a certain. Signal given, they all ran to- 
 gether toward it ; and he that firft reached it, fo 
 as to ftand on the Top of it, was eftablifliM in the 
 Throne. 
 
 The Reverence which thefe People pay to 
 their Pnnct, may, in part, be afcribed to his fel- 
 dom appearing in Perfon to them, and then fur- 
 rounded with his Btyars or Noblet, in the moft 
 magnificent Equipage that can be fuppofed pro- 
 per, to ftrike a Terror and Awe into his Sub- 
 jefts , and caufe them to honour him, as little 
 lefs than a God. The Eyes of the Vulgar are 
 dailed with fo many Splendors, of Silver, Gold 
 and Jewels ; and when the great Duke makes his 
 folemn Apearance, or Cavalcade, they are al- 
 moft ready to think, that Heaven has defcend- 
 ed to Earth, to do them the Honour of a Vifit. 
 Thefe are the Arts of Ru$*n Policy, by which 
 fuch an infinite Number of People are charm'd 
 into an Obedience to the Sovereign. Doubtlefs the 
 of a King, receives no fmall Luftre from 
 
 external
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 155 
 
 ' -'external Ornaments ; the Multitude being cap- 
 tivated with whatfoevcr is gay and glittering. 
 Yet our glorious Sal-ant fcorn to borrow Advan- 
 tage from, or owe their Grandeur to, any thing 
 but their exalted Blood, and fublime, innate Vir- 
 tues. 
 
 But every Nation have their peculiar Cuftoms, 
 and diftincl: Reafons of State. The Conftitu- 
 tion of all Government is not alike The Mo- 
 del of Laced*mtnian Policy, would fuit ill with 
 Athens. 
 
 Thou, whofe Education was in the Royxl Sera, 
 glio of the Ofwan Emperor) ; who haft been in 
 ftrufted to imitate the Bee, which fucks Honey 
 from ever Plover : Thou, that knoweft how to 
 make a Choice of good Examples, and to rejeft 
 the ill ; praftife the Valour of one Nation, the 
 Prudence of another, the Frugality of a third fo 
 flialt thou be confummate in Virtue, said acquk 
 thy felf a good General, 
 
 Paris, i yh of the i \tb tdttn, 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XVIII. 
 
 To Solyman Kyzlar Aga, Chief of the 
 Black Eunuchs. 
 
 I Am juft now return'd to my Chamber, from 
 the Palace of the King. As I pafs'd along the 
 Streets, I faw in every Face the Signatures of a 
 profound Sorrow, which feems to have difFufed 
 ic felf oyer their whole Bodies; for both the 
 H 6 Courf
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill, 
 
 and City have put on Mou.nixg y for tl 
 Death of Henry Bmrfren, laie Prince c. 
 
 He was not full fixty Years of Age, when he 
 left this vifible World, to be new born in a Re- 
 gion utterly unknown to Mortals. The Fr-cncb, 
 rioc without Reafori. lament the Lofs of a Man, 
 vlio, to fpeak the leaft of him, buoy'd up the do- 
 jrniHck Intereft of this Kingdom, which feem'd 
 otherwife incliniiig to totter. He was the E:> 
 Jance which pols'd the different Pafuons of the 
 ;\nd City ^ by his Prudence and jfuftice, caJm- 
 i.g both into a peaceable Mediocrity. 
 
 He was born fome Mocnr after his Father's 
 
 Death, v-hom the moil execrable Method of mur- 
 
 tiering would not fuffer to fpin out thole Years 
 
 which N*:ure would have indulg'd him, being 
 
 ii;Utch'd away by Poifon. 
 
 H(nry IV. fo long as heremain'd without UTue, 
 
 .1 his Eyes on this pofthumous young Prmce t 
 
 sn3 gave him an Education fuitable to one whom 
 
 fjte had defign'd to be the Heir of the Crown. 
 
 Yc't afterwards Jealouiy cool'd his Afieftion , 
 
 u hen the Prince had married .Char 1st te the Dake 
 
 Mtmnerencfs Daughter, whom Henry IV. lo- 
 
 -veci to a Degree of PalTion. 
 
 It is (i;uii,ei-rus to have a fivereign Prince 
 
 one's Rival in Love That Match had well nigh 
 
 ruin'd the young Prince of Conde. He was for- 
 
 I to fly into HilltnU with his Princefs, and 
 
 make that Province the Sanctuary of her Honour. 
 
 m thence he travell'd through Germany, and 
 
 return d not to Frince, 'till after the Murder of 
 
 H y IV. 
 
 During the Mincriry of lewh XIII. 
 cd the factions, afFeitirig to become pop 
 Were it not this Ambition, his Life had been 
 v '.rhout Bltmiih, and he might nave blown out 
 Divtn(t his tdid-Xfljr Candle, Sut no Man is 
 
 free
 
 Vol. HI. a SPY at PARIS. 15:7 
 
 free from Fault. All the Difference between the 
 virtuous and vicious, confifts in this, That one 
 commits fewer Crimes than the others, and thole 
 not by Intention or Habit, but through the infu- 
 perable Proclivity of Nature. Every Man ha& 
 his genial Vices, his confiitutio'riaj Errors ; and tho* 
 he may appear a Saint in all things elfe, yet in 
 the FC he will {till 'be & Sinner. 
 
 He faffer'd Five Years Imprifonment in the 
 BtJlHe, which is a Place. put to the fame Ufe, as 
 the Caflle of the fevtn T'overs in Ctvftantinnple. 
 The Princ(fs his Wife was his Companion all the 
 time, and fhared in his Misfortunes, as well as 
 his Prosperity. 
 
 During that tedious Confinement he became 
 Father of a Daughter, who was afterwards mar- 
 ried to the Duke of Lengueville. And when 'fti 
 was fet at Liberty, he begot the Duke of 
 guicK , now Prince of Conete , and the Prince 'of 
 Ctn'i. 
 
 The Frsnch fpeak well of the departed Prtvcf. 
 He was of a lively Spirit, chearful and affable iri 
 Converfation, mixing daily Recreations with his 
 ieverer Bufmefs, regularly obferving Order in all 
 Jiis Affairs. Yet they lay he was covetous, ha- 
 ving heaped up_ great Treafure's by a Pariimony, 
 .which none of that Bh'jd had 'ever before pra- 
 
 On his Death-bed he recc:rrnenaoJ two things 
 to the Practice of his Son, the Duke of Eng'uien j 
 tfeifir to revexge a private hijury ; uudj Freely to 
 kaz&rd kls Li'/e, for ihsfubliik Good. 
 . I chofe to traninul" to thcc the News of this 
 JV/?uVs Death, with this brief Ac" count of 
 Lif^. and Charalerj, of h' ;j;i, .i;j re] 
 
 thou hall feen. him iu Ge \ [ I remember 
 
 to have heard thee fpeak ir. Iu rraifc, 
 
 Conrl-
 
 1 5 8 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. ITT. 
 
 Continue to love M*kmut t who is never forget- 
 ful to oblige his Friends. 
 
 Paris, i ltb of the nth Mton, 
 of the Tear 1646. 
 
 LETTER XIX. 
 
 To the Kaimacham. 
 
 H E Poftt from Cttalonia came in laft Night, 
 laden with ill News from the Army, which 
 has been forced to decamp from before Lerida, 
 leaving the greatelr. part of their Artillery to the 
 Spaniards. That Place was always fata] to the 
 French. Yet the Paffion of the Court vents its 
 felf on the Count d'Harcoun, becaufe he could 
 not reverfe the Decree^ of D ftiny. All his for- 
 mer meritorious Actions feem HOW to be cancelled 
 by this one Difgrace, though it was unavoidable: 
 So peeyith are Princes, when their Expectations 
 are crofs'd. Some fufpeft him guilty of private 
 Correfpondence ; others tax him with Cowardife. 
 All this is during the Heat of their Refentments : 
 1 he fame Perfons, it may be, will change their 
 Cenfure,when they confider,That he had lain be- 
 fore it feven Moont, even 'till t.he Trenches of his 
 Camp were fill'd with Snow, and that his Soldi- 
 ers died of Famine or Cold : For the Winter be- 
 gan to be infupportable, and the Country was 
 barren of all Things neceflary to fuftain fuch an 
 Army. I cannot fee wherein this General de- 
 ferves Reproach ; unlefs it be a Crime to be a 
 Man, and to have the Command of fuch as are 
 made of Flefhand Blood, as well as he. 
 
 In
 
 Vol. III. 4 SPY at PARIS. 159 
 
 In Itttly, the French have taken Pitmbino and 
 Ptrto Lengone. This latter is the moft important 
 Town in the JJle-of Elbe, yet was not able to fu- 
 frain above nineteen Days Siege. 
 
 They fay, There is a Fountain in this I/land, 
 whofe Waters flow at the Sun.rifmg, but in the 
 Evening are dried up. The faperftttieus have odd 
 Conceits of this Fountain, relifhing of the anci- 
 ent Pagan Vanities ; but the learned attribute ic 
 to tfatural Caufes. So the Jew tell of a River in 
 the Eafl, that ftands frill on the Seventh Day of 
 the Week. This they adduce as a Confirmation 
 of their L*w, which commands theqfi to reft 
 from Labours on the Seventh Day, becaufe on 
 that Day God refted from forming the Creaturei of 
 the World. They fay alfo, That the Satyrs, and 
 other Monften of the Deftrt, ihun the Light of 
 the Sun that Day, hiding themfelves in Caverns 
 of the Earth, and curfing the Sabbath becaufe it 
 fur prized God before he had quite finifh'd their 
 Ftrms ; for which Reafon they are Imptrfctt and 
 mwftrotts to this Day. 
 
 The Divine Unity, who is the Root of all Num, 
 kerf, and has confecrated the Number Seven to 
 many myfleriout Ends, grant, That neither thou, 
 nor I may forget the Anfwers we muft give to tho 
 Stven Queftions of the Porter of Paradife. 
 
 Paris, 1th of the i it h Mow, 
 of the Ye*r 1646. 
 
 LET-
 
 1 6o LETTERS Writ ly Voh III. 
 
 - 
 
 LETTER XX. 
 
 To Bajazet, B a flit of Greece. 
 
 IT appears to me, by evident Symptoms that 
 there is fome deep Defign a-foot in this Court. 
 The Grandees aflemble often, and fit late. Ex- 
 traordinary Couriers are lent our, and come In, at 
 all Hours of the Night. Strange Reports are in- 
 duftrioufly fpread about the City. Trading is at 
 a Stand, the Banquiers referv'd and little Money 
 ftirring, which makes the Populace murmur. 
 They complain of the Times, as is ufual in pub- 
 lick Discontents: The eWdifcourage and incenfe 
 the young, by making Companions of this Age 
 and Reign, with the happy bays of H.vr-y the 
 G'cat. They fill their Lars with golden Stones 
 of former Times; and infpiring into them a 
 Love of the paft, they equally introduce a Ha- 
 tred of the prefent Government. The (a are 
 .the common Artifices of ration; and though 
 none appears yet under any dhHnci Name or Tr- 
 tle, yet ''tis eade to prognofticate, from tlu:fs 
 Preludes, that e'tjr Ion: -k uill ; 
 
 ken oil" and Sedition v. her felt'- bare- 
 
 faced 
 
 T other Day a Fellow run crying through the 
 Streets, God fstvt the King, bu' :;>; Devil t 
 Italian. He was follow'd by a few, and thole 
 of the moft contemptible. Yet no Officer 
 or Magistrate in this City would caufe him to be 
 apprehended, or attempt to fupprefs the Mu- 
 tiny he was railing. The Citi/.ens fmil'd at his 
 Boldnefs. and Money was brought him from un- 
 known Hands: The Women blels'd him 
 Prepktt, and the Virgins fell down befo; 
 
 Al
 
 Vbl. III. aSvvat PARIS. itfr 
 
 Altars, on Ins Behalf: The Temples were crowded 
 with Votaries, or 'rather with the Fautors of this 
 new Seditioh ; as if they ftrove to draw their 
 Gad; into ths Cabal, and would make Haven it 
 felf \ibet their Tumults. His Train increased as he 
 meafur'd the Streets ; 'til] at length he was feiz'd 
 by the Rojal Guards, the Rabble difperfed ar.d 
 all things reilorcd to Quiet That Night a dou- 
 ble Watch was kept throughout the < ity ; the 
 Fellow was ftriftlyexamin'd, and put to the Ra:s ; 
 yet no Confeflion could be extorted from him, 
 fave, That the Pubtick Good induced kir to take >hit 
 Courfi ; That the Tyranny ' and Qpprrflivn w>hi<,h 
 Cardinal Mazarini exenifcd, v-ere int'vppo'-tAble; 
 And) That he was ready to ftcrifice hi.< Life for the 
 Welfare of his Country. He is c^mkrrm'd to the 
 Gallics, during his Life. And reat Endeavours 
 are ufed to find out the Author's of this Novelty. 
 For he is looked on but as an Jhflrument. fer at 
 work by ibme Male-contents of higher Quality, 
 and the For*- runner of fome mere formidable 
 Infurreftion. 
 
 Proclamations are iflued out. to forbid all Dif- 
 courfe of State Matters : But the People fpar<3 
 not to whifper their Sentiments 
 
 The young King is taken ill, whieh augments 
 the publick jfealoufie: Men make their Heads, 
 and look dejefted, as they walk along the Streets. 
 Some menace Revenge with their furrow'd 
 Brows ; others fpeak openly, That th; 'Kiftz&w is 
 fold to Strangers. A general Ccnfternation and 
 Diforder has feiz'd all. while their Fears prompt 
 them daily to expeft a Change. To obviate 
 the Mifchiefs which thofe popular Paflions threa- 
 ten , Soldiers are drawn from divers Parts of 
 the Country by Ataz.#n'wz's Order, and by infen- 
 fible Companies quarter'd up and down. Paris, 
 Between thefe and the Citiicns, there happen 
 
 divers
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 divers Quarrels, frequent Murders are commit- 
 ted : While the Night, which covers all Things 
 with Daiknefs, ferves to fhroud their mutual 
 Outrages, and private Revenges Thus tke pub- 
 lick Calamities are cherifh'd : What will b the 
 JlFue, '1 ime will evince 
 
 In the mean while, the Affairs of Germany and 
 bwtd^and, feem to Le in a fair way of Cornpo- 
 f'uie. Divers Trc/ttiet are on Foot, in order to a 
 general Peace in Chrijiendom. The Embajfadtrs 
 and Depuuei of the feveral contefting Crtwns , 
 have frequent Conferences But each Party in- 
 fills ib vehemently on Circumftantials, that no- 
 thing but fruitlefs Demurs conclude their Meet- 
 ings. France has a reat Stroke in all thefe Af- 
 fairs : And 'tis grown to a Proverb, Th*t Cardi- 
 nal Mazarini c ries all the Courts of Eurcpe in 
 hh Bofjm. 
 
 The Swtdei treat like Differs and the Germany 
 tho' much enfeebled, yet cannot forget the A/- 
 jejiy of the Imperial Sceptre. The D*net have ,ia 
 Jntereft to profecute, and the Poles are not with- 
 out their Pretenlions. Rational Pride and Honour 
 have a great Influence on thefe Crowm. But the 
 Hollander?, like Merchants, aft according to the 
 Rules of Profit. They ftand on no Punffilio's, 
 but fuch as advance their Traffick, knowing that 
 Money ij the Nerves of War. In this they are 
 to be efteem'd wife, their Commonwealth being, as 
 yet but in her Nonage : her Strength not knit, 
 nor fl.e in a Capacity to wreftle with her potent 
 Neighbours. 
 
 Ei'ttand finds Bufinefs enough at home, to 
 cmjl^y both her Money, Wit and Arms. Nor 
 can II. e Le at Leifure to attend.to freign Tranf- 
 aftions. 
 
 sp*in ever follows the Intereft of the G-rmnn 
 Court, it being the unalterable Maxim of the
 
 Vol.111, a SPY At PARIS. 163 
 
 Hwje of /tuflria, to remain united, and aggrandize 
 it I 'elf 
 
 Italy has various Tntereffs ; and frnt'ce in parti- 
 cular, is in ftrift Friendftiip with this Court. 
 
 Portugal is Rill upon her Guard, againft die reft- 
 lefs Spaniards : And Dan Juan de Bragat.za , makes 
 foreign jilmncet. 
 
 The fvpreme Monarch cf the vifihle and in'u'jtcle 
 World', who fits on the lh one of ddamai.t, un- 
 der the Coven of the eternal Tree grant, T..at the 
 Diftraftions of thefe bfid I Princes and Sta-er 
 may continue, till the Time appointed by Fare 
 ft all come, wherein the faithful Ofntm flail pof- 
 feis the Red 
 
 Paris, i<}th of the \ft Moon t 
 of the 
 
 LETTER XXI. 
 
 To Peitelihali, his Brother. 
 
 I Thought my >felf forgotten ty the Sin of my 
 Mother, who has fufter'd fo many D:cadi of 
 Mews to meafure out the Term of his unkind 
 Silence , and of my Melancholy. 'Tis now 
 three Years fince I heard from thee .- But I will 
 not complain of a Fault fo ingenuouily expia- 
 ted, though late. Thou hall made me ample 
 Amends, in fending me fuch an elaborate and 
 fuccinft Hiflo'jr of thy Travels : In rending 
 of which, I know not whether my Pleafure or 
 Profit is i/eater. Thou haft fo interwoven de- 
 lightful Adventures of thy own, and pleafant 
 PaiFages of others, with curious and folid Ob. 
 
 fervatlcns
 
 1 64 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 fervatirms, that a Man improves lamfelf infen- 
 
 ; , whllft the charming Language and Mifcel- 
 
 kny, ferveas a Spur at once to rowze and faften. 
 
 his Attention, to Points of moil ufeful 
 
 apt to defpife the t>u; Belle. 
 Vef'i as a Company of ignorant People, unac- 
 quaintel with rhe World, unpoliih'd both in thair 
 Uaderiranciings and Manners, not vers'd in the 
 liktral Sc encn, nor, addifted to the Study of any 
 th.'ng but Riches and Honour, and how to aug- 
 ment tlie Majfalman Empin, They confider not 
 ac the tani3 time, That Gj^has made us rationat 
 ('features as well as them ; has endued us with 
 the fame natural Faculties ; and, That in all Na- 
 tions he has in r pir'd fome with a Thirft of Know* 
 ledge, fui'nilhing them alib with the Abilities and 
 Means to attain it. They confider not, That if 
 Pnittixe. be prohibited among us, 'tis to fupprefs 
 the Multitude of unprofitable Baokr, with which 
 Europe too much abounds : And That in their fteaJ 
 \ve have many thoufands of induftrious Scribcr, 
 whole whole Employment is to tran flare the 
 mod excellent and learned Trettifej of the /* 
 e tents. And, That consequently, a ftudious Maho. 
 m<nan cannot be deftitute of fuch Boots, as may 
 inilrucl him in true Philofopby, found Mofh, and 
 Wflt'jrof the mofl memorable Tranfaftions in the 
 \Vorld. Anuredly, our Ara.bi* may boaft of her 
 sivicin.', Mrjtei , dverrott , Halts, and Alba.- 
 nar.afs ; and that {he has brought forth many o- 
 fhers who need not in any Point of H*x>*ne or 
 Divine Learning, yield the Palm to the mod emi- 
 nent Dctf*rr, Philosophers, Orators and Poets, a- 
 m^ng the C',i'ijtian>. 
 
 ' to this the equal Benefit fome of our 
 teilief reap, I/ travel!. ng into foreign Coun- 
 tries, which crowns all their Studies with expe- 
 
 rimental
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 165- 
 
 rimental Knowledge and Wifdom ; rendring them 
 as familiar with the different Natures of Mm, and 
 the various ConfHtutient of Gnjernmtnt, as before 
 they were with Books. 
 
 This appears evident in thy Letter, which is 
 replenifli'd with fo many folid Remarks and lags 
 Comments, on the Laws and Cuftoms of the /<<?- 
 gitnr, through which thou haft pafsM, their R.li- 
 gions, Strength and Riches, and whatsoever elie 
 was worthy a Traveller's Notice ; that were this 
 Narrative publifh'd in Chrift endow, the Ktx,*renet 
 would forbear to fpeak fo contemptibly of the 
 true Believers. 
 
 But they flatter themfelves with a falfe Notion, 
 that the Ottomans never travel beyond the Limits 
 of their own Empire, except the publickchiaufts t 
 who are fent by the Grand Sigmor. They are 
 ignorant, that the atiguft Port maintains p-iv-'te 
 Agents in all fattens ; and that there is hardly 
 any Prince's Court in Chriftenslom without a Mujful- 
 man in it one time or other. 'Tis true, we ap- 
 pear not in the Garb peculiar to the Eaji. Our 
 Mijfiun requires a Conformity to the f'ejbicnj of the 
 People where we refide. But we Hill retain the 
 interior Veftment of Mahometan Purity, being in 
 a double Senfe .circumcifed. Thus we become 
 Matters of the Chriftian* Secrets, whilft they ac. 
 count us ftupid, ignorant, and Men void of com- 
 mon Senie. 
 
 Eefides, had we not this Advantage in thefe 
 fPtftem Farts, yet the univerfal Privilege cf tra- 
 velling and maintaining free Commerce over all 
 the */, muft needs afford great Opportunities of 
 Accompliffiment, .to ibrne among the Caravans 
 of fo many thousands as vifit Per (la, India, Chi- 
 na, T*>'i p.-} 1 ., and all places where the Faith of the 
 Mtjfiwer of' GW is p:ofef!ed. 
 
 ' 
 
 I am
 
 1 66 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 I am extreamly pleas'd wkh thy fortunate E- 
 f capes from R'hben on the Road, whofe Malice, 
 rarely extends farther than to deprive a Man of 
 thofe ou'vpard Good?, which, if he be wife, he will 
 not. call his own. Much more am I delighted 
 \virh thy Deliverance from thcfe Female Thieves, 
 uho fteal frcm Men their Hearts and Reafon, 
 which !aft is our noblefh and only proper Inhe- 
 ritance All Ptrfi* and the Indies abound with 
 Co'<r:cz,**} ; and he Had need of Ofmaits Chaftity, 
 who would withfland fo many and flrong Temp- 
 taticns. 
 
 Thou needefl not wonder at the Effeminacy 
 of the prefent Mogul , who fuffers himfelf and 
 his Srate to be govern'd Ly Women. That fub. 
 tie and afpiring Stx, have always fought to 
 undermine or over reach our Race. They keep 
 behind the Scents, yet aft their Parts in all the 
 Tragedies and Revolutions of the World. The Fa- 
 ther of the prefent Indian King made an abfo- 
 ]ute Resignation of his St-verignty to his Queen, 
 for four and twenty Hours. This Prince, by a 
 ftrange Affeftation, called himfelf King sf the 
 H r o LA His Wife was the Daughter of an Arabinn 
 Captain, who had ferved him in the Wars : But 
 having forfeited his Head by feme notorious 
 Treafon, his Daughter went and threw her felf at 
 the Mogul's Feet to beg his Life. He fell pafTto- 
 nately in Love with her, (for flie had not her 
 Equal for Beauty in all the Eajl) granted her 
 Petition, and married her. Afterwards fhe got 
 fuch an Empire over him that he would do no- 
 thing without her Advice and Confent. At her 
 Jnftigation he made War or Pease : And to 
 pleafe her cruel Humour, he put out the Eyes of 
 his eldeft Son. But, not fatisfied with thefe 
 Difcoveries of his Love, and refolving to make 
 her felf famous by fame extraordinary Aftion, 
 
 ibe
 
 'Vol. III. a SI>Y at PARIS. 167 
 
 flie never ceas'd folliciting the King, with ail the 
 Arts of Female Policy, till fhe had prevaiTd on 
 him, to furrender up his Authority to her for the 
 Space of a Day. In which 'lime (having prepared 
 all things before hand ready for her PurpofeJ ihe 
 caufed two Millions of Roupie*, in Silver and 
 Gold, to be coin'd and framp'd with the twelve 
 Signs of the Zidiack, contrary to thefuvJavi'ntat 
 Law* of the Empire, the exprep Prohibition of our 
 holy Prophet, and the univerfal Praflice of the Muf. 
 fuhnans throughout thePTorW, who admit not the 
 ReprefentatitMf of any Creatures that have Life, 
 This Relation I had from my UncJe Uftfh, v, ho 
 refided.in the Indian Court Eleven Years He 
 added moreover, That during this fliort finale 
 Reign, fhe cut off the Heads of Seven Grand es t 
 the moft zealous for the Mujjulman ptitb among 
 all the Indian Princes, and eftablifh'd as many 
 Idolaters in their Places : And that, if her Or- 
 ders had been fully executed, fhe had quite 
 changed the Government, confecrated the moft 
 beautiful Mtfques to the Service of Idols t extermi- 
 nated the true Faithful, and reftored the ancient 
 JbominatitHtt of the Infidels ; which thou wilt not 
 think impracticable, when thou confidereft, That 
 the Number of the Uncircttmcifed in the Indies, 
 far exceeds that of the M*ffulmus, there being 
 ten thoufand of thofc, to a hundred of fuch as 
 profefs the Unity of the di-vint Nature. But how- 
 ever, there was Loyalty found even among thofe 
 Pagans; and they would not fuffer a Mind Zeal for 
 the Woi-fbip of their Gods, to fupplarrt the Duty 
 they ow'd their King. 
 
 The Defcription thou haft made of Canefafra^ 
 and the Method thou had projefted to take that 
 imfrfgnabte City, difcoVer at once thy Conduft 
 and Diligence, in procuring Liberty to furvey 
 ib narrowjy, the moft important Place of the 
 
 Indie; 5
 
 1 68 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 jfiiiet; and thy Skill in Fortifications, with the 
 Quicknei's of thy Invention, which has fug- 
 geircd to th:e that which all the Engineers of 
 jjfia have never fr> much as dreamt of. This is 
 the right Uleof Travelling, when a Man returns 
 fiom foreign Afo;/e-, cultivated with experi- 
 mental Knowledge, and ftock'd with Improve- 
 ments, that may render him ferviceable to his 
 Country. 
 
 Thou condemneft the Injuftice and Avarice of 
 the Indian Moguls ; who, as foon as any of the 
 Omraht, or greet Men die, caufe all his Eilate and 
 Goods to be feiz'd, to their own proper Ufe. 
 Whereby it comes to pals, that the Widow and 
 Children of the Deceafed, are reduced to the 
 loweft Condition of Poverty, being many times 
 forced to beg fora Subfiftence 'Tis true, this is 
 an Oppreilion not to be juftified, efpecially in 
 thofe who profcfs to believe in one Gnu Greater of 
 aH. 1k<gs, the incorrupt 'judge of the Utitverje. 
 Bur what thinkert thou then of our Sultans, who 
 not having Patience to wait till a natural Death, 
 (hall make them Hetrs to the Wealth of a Btffa, 
 generally fecure their Title, and h aft en their Pof- 
 feffion by a Bav>-ftrit:g ? Thefe are Rtjal Vio- 
 lences : Thovgh the Refignation of Suijefts muft 
 not tax them. with, any Crime, who are accounta- 
 ble to none but Gid. 
 
 It was however a notable Piece of Railkry 
 with which the Widow of a rich Merchant re- 
 proved this unreafonable Cuftom in the prefent 
 Mogul. Her Husband was nn Idolater, who had 
 heaped together an infinite Treasure by Trading 
 and Uiu'y ; and when he died, left her worth 
 Two hundred thoufand Raupiet. Her Son, fome 
 Years after coming of Age, demanded of her 
 a Stock to -1st up with as a Merchant. Which 
 lie. e^ber cut .vf Avarice, or for other Ends, 
 
 refufed
 
 Vol. III. a Spy at P A R i s. 1 69 
 
 refufed him; form tiling him only with fuch fmall 
 Sums, as fervcd to nourifh his Difconrent, and 
 tempt him to a lewd, carelefs Life. But at length, 
 not being able to prevail on his Mother, to part 
 with fo much as would anfwer his ExpeSations, 
 lie complained to the Mogul, difclofing alfo what 
 Eftate his Father had left. The Mogul being in- 
 formed cf fo much Riches, fent for the young 
 Man's Mother, and commanded her to fend hint 
 half her Money, ordering, That the other halt' 
 fhould be divided between her felf and her Son. 
 The Widow, not being at all furprized, or caft 
 down atthisunjuft Propofal, made the Mogul this 
 Ihorc Reply: O King, may the Gods make th-:s 
 happj. My son has fime Reafon to require his Share 
 of his Father's Eftate, having his Blood running in 
 hit Feins ; but I dejire to h;ov>, what Relation than 
 a>-t to tnj Husband or me, that ihou claimtft ct 
 Share in hit Inheritance. The Prince abafh'd at 
 fo fmart and bold an Addrefs, commanded her 
 to give half her Eftate to her Son, and fo dif- 
 miffed her. 
 
 I have heaid fome of our Chiaufes praife the 
 Magnificence of the Mogul's Cowt, the infinite 
 Number of his Attendants : But above all, they 
 extol the inimitable Grandeur of his Throne , 
 which is aciorn'd with fo many Topazies, Rubies, 
 Emeraulds Pearls, and Diamonds^ as amount to 
 thirty Millions of Roupies. But were it not much 
 better, if inftead of all this needlefs Glory, he 
 could bcaft, That his Empire is founded in the 
 Hearts of his Subj'tfs : He does not confider, 
 Thac fuch prodigious Heaps of envied Treafure 
 are but fo many glittering Snares, golden Mana- 
 cles, which ferve for no other Ufe, but to chain 
 him up from that Freedom, and thole more in- 
 nocent Delights, that the meaneft of his Subjects 
 cajoy. 
 
 I Thou
 
 1 7o LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Thou haft, I perceive, difccuvfed with the / 
 ti>av B'-amins : Doft not thou difcover, even in 
 thefe Idolaters, a Contempt of Riches ? What 
 mean Thoughts have they of the Splendor and 
 Gayeties of the Court ? What a low Efteem of 
 the'longand proud Serie; nfTttta, with which th<S 
 Mtzuls endeavour to exalt themfelves ? Whilit 
 t>ey are called the Lights of the World, and Cow. 
 ^.ir.idns cj tke Suv ; thefe poor Pbitpfdfhfiff know, 
 That in a little time they fhall be laid in Dst-knefa 
 and have no better Socie.j than that of Worn,?. 
 What lignifies their Pedigree, or, That the prefenc 
 'Mogui is but the tenth Defendant from the mighty 
 Temu>I(n, who made all 4fia tremble, if he has 
 loft the Virtue of his glorious Anchor ? 'Tis that 
 alone makes all Men truly noblf. 
 
 Trou tellcft me, That the En.ptre of the 'MrgtH 
 aflbrds him more Revenue: than the Doninitr. 
 any two the moft potent Monarchi en Earth. I have 
 Keard as much from others, which convinces me, 
 that thou haft inform'd thy felf rightly of the 
 f'-t^nt State of the Indies. But doft thou therefore 
 eftecm this Monarch the richer ? Conlioer the v ft 
 Extent of his Dtminiom, which are (aid to contain 
 more than Six hundred Leagues in length, and 
 thou wilt find, that to maintain fo great a Traft 
 of Ground, both again ft his firt-gn and tiomeft;ck 
 Enemies he is oblig'd to keep in conftant Pay, 
 fome Millions of his Subjects and Strangers: For 
 he is in the midft of Enemies, even among his 
 own Subjefts. There are above an hundred i'o-uc. 
 reig>-i in his Empire, who perpetually by turns 
 mcleft his Govctnmtnt , rcfufuig to pay Tribute, 
 and raifing Armies againft him:Wheieby it comes 
 to pafs, that he is at an infinite Expence to de- 
 fend himfelf, and carry on thofe endlefs Wars ; 
 tlv-'U thy felf having obfervU that once in two 
 there is an indifpenfable Neceflfity of paying 
 
 thefe
 
 Vol. III. a Spy at PARIS. 1711 
 
 thefe prodigious Armies: Not a Soldier through- 
 out his Empire having any thing to live on, fave 
 the Wages he receives of the King. 
 
 Confider a lib, that this Monarch always keeps 
 f orne thoufands of the fiaeft Horfes in the World 
 near his Peribn, fuch as coft him thoufands of 
 Roitpi'e; a-piece ; beiides a thoufand Elephants ; 
 with an incredible Number of Mules, Camels, 
 and other Beafts of Burden, to carry his Wives, his 
 Goods and Provisions, when he takes the Field : 
 That whole Cities, even as large as Ccnft/tntinop/e, 
 are obliged to follow the King's Camp for Subfi- 
 ftence, their Livelihood altogether depending on 
 the Army. Add to this, the immenle Charges of 
 his Seraglio, his Caftles and Sea-Port Towns, with 
 all the, other necelFary Expences of the stste, and 
 thou wilt conclude, That when this Pottntste 
 comes to caft up his Accounts, he will find him- 
 ielf a poor Man. 
 
 But I fhall cloy thee with a Rehearfal o^ fuch 
 things, as thou canfl not be a Stranger to. 
 
 Only tell me, Whether one of the Ratat or 
 Printes fubjecl: to the Mogul, be the real Defcin- 
 dent of Parut, the ancient King of Indi,*, in the 
 Time of Alexander the Great ? I have been told 
 by feveral Travellers, That there is fuch an one, 
 that his Name is Rna, and that an hundred of 
 the idolatrous Princes pay Homage to him, as to 
 their natural Sovereign. 
 
 Thou confirmefrthe Truth of what has been fo 
 often reported in thefe Parts, That the Prince of 
 Java had fix Fingers on each Hand, and as many 
 Toes on his Feet 
 
 But that feems very ftrange which thou related, 
 of a certain Language among the Indians, which is 
 not vulgarly fpoken ; but that all their Btoks of 
 Theology, and Pndcfts of their Lays, the Records of 
 their Jjftnion 4 and the Trea'ijes of Human Arts and 
 I 2 Sfisnset
 
 2. L E- T T E R S Writ fy Vol. Til. 
 
 Sciences are written in it. And that this Language 
 - <N is taught in their Schotlt, Colleges, and Academies, 
 ' even as Latin is among the Cbriftiant. I cannot 
 enough admire at this; for, where and when was 
 /this Larguage fpoken r How came it to be difus'd [ ? 
 There ieems-to be a Myflery in it, that none of 
 their B-'achmam can give any other Account of this, 
 iavc, That it is the Language, wherein Go^gave, to 
 the fi ft Creature he made, the /<> Bot>kf of the 
 Law-, which according to their Chronology, was a- 
 bove Thirty Millions of Years ago. I tell thee, my 
 dear Brother, this News has Oarted fomeodd No- 
 tions in my Mind : For when Iconfider T That this 
 Lat.guagr, as thou fayed, Has nothing in it common 
 with the Indian that is now fpoken nor with any 
 other L*nguage?of /*/, or of the World ; and yet, 
 that it is a copious and regular Language, learn-d 
 by G'amtxar, like the other material. Languages; 
 and that, in this cbfelcte Language, Bovk< are writ- 
 ten, u herein it is afferted, That the World is fo 
 many Millions of Years old ; 1 could almoft turn 
 Pjtbjgorean, and believe, The World to be within 
 a Mintt'e of Eternal. And, where would be the 
 Abfurdity ? Since Ged had equally the fame infi- 
 nite Power, Wifdom and Goodnefs, from all Eter- 
 nity, as he had Five or Six thoufand Years ago. 
 What fhould hinder him then from exerting thefe 
 divine ^tributes fooner? What fhould retard him 
 from drawing forth this glorious Patrick earlier, 
 from the Womb-of -Nothing ? Suffer thy Imagination 
 to ftart backwards, -as far as thou canft, even to 
 Millions of Ages, -and yet thou canft not conceive 
 a Time, wherein this fair unmeafurable Expanfe 
 was not flretchM-out. As if Nature her felf had 
 engraven on our Tnrellefts, this Retard of the 
 Woi Id s untraceable -Antiquity, in that our flrong- 
 eft, fwifteft Thoughts, are far too weak and flow, 
 .to follow Time back to its endlefs Origin. 
 
 The
 
 Vol. TIL a SPY at PARIS- i?3< 
 
 The Revolution in China, furpafTes the comma*-, 
 Changes in Kingdoms and Empires. There is fome-* 
 thing excellively tragical, in the Cataftrophe of> 
 that R.oy&t Houfe. 
 
 Brother, in beholding that, them haft feen H-* 
 tnan Mature In a J'rai:ce : And thon art fo thy felf, 
 if. after this, thou canft-be fond of any thing on-- 
 Earth. Traveller, Adieu, 
 
 Paris, ay*& of the ifl Moon, 
 of the Ttar 1647. 
 
 LETTER XXII. 
 
 Jo Ahs Baffa. 
 
 SEveral Difpatcbes have been lately fent between*- 
 this Court, and that of Swedtland, containing- 
 rather Matter of Complement, than any thing of 
 great Importance, Sixteen Ckrittina has been very 
 ilj, which has occaiiond Letters of Condoleance- 
 from the Quttn Regent of F-anct. 
 
 Thofe which come from that Part, fay, That 
 General Tgrflenfin is made a Count ; and the Dig- 
 nity entail'd to his Po/en'ty, in Rccom pence of-' 
 his eminent Services to the Svtidijh Crow?/. 
 
 Thefe Letters add, That there have pafs'd ibme 
 high Words between Mo*ftcur Chanut, and the'' 
 Swed'fh Secretly of State. And, that the latter, 
 in going out of the Chamber where they difcour--- 
 fed, laid his Hand upon his Sword, with thefe- 
 Words: Monjieur Chanut, were it n-it for the Fence- 
 which the Law of Nations has rais d abov )our- 
 Pe>- fin, I would anfwer you in another Language. 
 To which Monjifur Chanut replied, That he were 
 a Sword to defend bimftlf and hi.< private Honour, at- 
 wtlt } any Swede ' the Kingdpm, 
 
 I 3 Tfie
 
 i 74 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 The Occafion of this Quarrel was, The great 
 Refcrc of Reman Catholick Strangers to Motifieur 
 Chanuis Chapel, which gave Diiguft to the Swede t, 
 who allow not the Exercift of the Re-man Religion 
 within their Territories. They caftrate all the 
 Priefts of that Communion whom they find, and 
 profecute the Laity with rigorous Penalties. Cut 
 Monfieur Chanut pleaded the Lav of Natiom : And 
 when the Secretary told him, That the Qucev per. 
 mitted him and his Family the Liberty of tin ir 
 Religion, but deflred him not to admit any other 
 Perfons of uliacM*f foever : This Minifter re- 
 plied, That he could net receive us a Favour or 
 fermijjion frtrx her Majefty, the Liberty of exerci- 
 ilng his Religion Jince he held It only of hi; Ma- 
 iler, the King of France, bo had fent him thither^ 
 and that he would nut font the Door ef his Chapel 
 any that would me in : That their Law, 
 accord : 'rg to their </M Calcule, vca> wxde 
 Two thziifand Tfn after tke Fcundation ef 
 Efrate, cwlii mi abrogate the Law of Na- 
 tions, which t! eternal ; That thii perpetual Law 
 gAvs pa'-ticuft*!- Privileges ts certain Perfcru, and 
 ffpea'a/h ft the Minifters of foreign Princes : That 
 their new Law, fach *t it va: } being snly made to 
 maintain th; publick VVorlhip, refpelted mt vhai 
 tvtt! dont in the Houfe */ a foreign Minifter, dy *- 
 Iffcial Privilege, it being of no Confetptekt'e t* the 
 State, whahtr ftich Fo> c ign- rs ferve God tf *ot t 
 cr whether they v>r (hipped him in a right or wrong 
 Way : lk*> no Swede came to his Chapel, but on, 
 ly fvmt French, w^o were Sojottrners in the Land: 
 That tbej diet no: nft the Swedilh AmbafTadors / 
 in France, "a>hi admitted whim they fleafed into 
 ih>ir Chape's : That the Houfe where he wso 
 d-wlt, teas the Hi'ift ef ;he King of France ; **d 
 th*t th'rtfcre he could not by Confeyueitce rcfufe 
 *j Cathclicks an Entrance ?' it, t facial?? f'tch 
 
 at
 
 Vol. III. a. SPY at PARIS. 175* 
 
 as itfe hern Subjcfts ff bis Matter : dnd in fins,-. 
 That it vat very rule to ojrligs him to be the Exe- 
 f'.i^Jgnir of tins fevers aw, in rt quiring bfm.tt 
 fint hi-i Doors utn his Country. men. agatn/i tat' 
 common Laws / Hofpitality, the Honour of <*' 
 publick Minifter, and the Pleafure of the King 
 k*s Sovereign. 
 
 To this the Secretary made fomething too tart 
 a Reply Whereupon Words increasing between 
 them, and the French dmbuffadw being refolu e to 1 
 afifert his Privilege, the Secretary broke out into 
 a Paflion, as I have before mentioned, laying 
 his Hands upon his Sword, as he was leaving the 
 Room. 
 
 The Swedes are naturally a rugged, furly Peo- 
 ple as are all; the Northern European*. They are 
 Strangers to Civility, and the gentile Addrefs of' 
 the French. Yet the H%u;en, when me Ireard cf 
 this Paflage, was angry with her Minifter, and 
 excufed his Rudenefs to Menflsur Chanat telling, 
 him, 1kat the Secretary toai a. faithful Servant, 
 buf had bteit educated among the Bears of the 
 Foreft. 
 
 This puts me in mind of a Story, which the 
 French tell of another jt&gfffot , whom Lewit 
 XIII fent to the Court of Spain. The Spaniard; 
 are of a haughty Temper, expc&ing mor,e thai 
 ordinary Submiflloas, from thofe who approach, 
 the King's Prcfence. This dmba*de--', on the fam 
 Ground, was required to do fome Homage, which 
 would not conilfi: with the Infractions of his 
 Mafler, and therefore he refilled to comply. The 
 King of Spain thinking to put him out of Coun- 
 tenance, faid aloud, What ! has :bt King of Francs 
 n j etbir Men in his Court, That he fend to me fitch 
 A Fool as this ? To which the ^mbaffador replied, 
 Mj Mailer has many veif.r Mtn than my feij about 
 him j but to fitch a King, fuck an Ambaflador. 
 
 I 4 Thou
 
 176 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill 
 
 Thou wilt not perhaps approve fuch Raillery 
 as this to Grown d Head% who ought to be treated 
 with Reverence and Gravity. Vet, I lelieve, 
 thou wilt condemn the Cruelty of a Duke of Muf- 
 ro'i/y, who caufed the Hat cf a F> ench Jmbaffador 
 to be nailed to his Head , for fitting cover' d be- 
 fore him. This is contrary to the Genitt; of the 
 E*ft, who abhor to fee a Man bare headed. 
 
 But every Na'ion has its Mode : And I accord- 
 ing to the Fafcion of my Country, kifs the Bor- 
 der of thy Veft, in Token of my SubmifTion and 
 Refpeft. 
 
 Paris, Tth of the -id Mac, 
 of the Tear 1647. 
 
 LETTER XXIII. 
 
 To the Mufcij mnf Vemrable, and Worthy 
 of all Honour. 
 
 THE Cn'tickt, who fpend their Time, and 
 manifeft their Wit, in defcanting on the 
 Cou>-t and the Grandest, find perpetual Matter of 
 Difcourfe concerning Cardinal Maz&nnt His dai- 
 Jy Aftions furnifh them with new Themes, and 
 fometimes theyrehearfe the old. They compare 
 him with his Predeceflbr Ricklieu, and with Cardim 
 nal Ximtnts, a Spanijb Minifter. They term thefe 
 three, the Trinity of Chriftian Starefmcn j thus di- 
 ftinguifliing their pe>-fotial Characters. Rich/ieu, 
 they fay, was crafty, cove?ous and revengeful ; 
 Xiixcne- was politick, feverc, and valiant j Maza- 
 riui is wife, merciful, and liberal. 
 
 The
 
 Vol. III. a SPY *f PARIS. 17 % 
 
 The firft made good his^Charafter, they fay, 
 in heaping up luch prodigious Treafures ; in 
 raifing a 1 thole of his Pmilj or Dependence, to 
 the higheft Honours ; in occafioning the volun- 
 tary Banifhment of the ften.M9tker - t j n ruin- 
 ing whomlbever he fufpefted ; and fina Jy, in 
 making himfelf fo much the Mafterof all Secrets, 
 that the King, however difgufted and averfe from 
 him, yet could never fit fafe on his Th-one 
 without him, when living, nor venture the Ma- 
 nagement of rhe Publuk to any of his Creatures, 
 when dead. Thus fpeak they of that great Mi. 
 niftcr. 
 
 As to Cardinal Xime nes t they fay, He difcoverM 
 the Qualities which they afcribe to him, in the 
 Method he took to raife himfef to that envied 
 Greatnefs ; which was, by feeming to fliun the 
 Honours at which he fecretly aim d. For being 
 a devoted Dervife, or religious Fiar, he appear d to. 
 be the moft morcify'd Man of the who^e Order.- 
 Which being taken Notice of, he was made Pw 
 viticiol ; frcm which Dignity , he made but 
 one Sep more to the Purple! And, growing emi- 
 nent for his Abilities, he was made the fi-Jt Atfwi. 
 Jler jn thr Court of Spain. 
 
 He levy'd Sixteen thoufand Men at his own 
 Coft, invaded Barbary, ftorm'd their ftrongeft 
 Cities, and reduced the whole Kingdom of Tripo- 
 li and Jlpierj, to his Majler's Obedience. 
 
 VVhilfi he was at the Head of his Army, orre 
 Day there happen'd a Mutiny among his Soldiers. 
 A certain Fellow, running up and down between 
 the Ranks and exciting them to chufe a new 
 
 Genf-al, faying. / was A bhamt to ferve .J pt<;r 
 foiri'tA Friar : The Cardinal perceiving thrs, 
 ftepp'd to the Fellow, and, with one Bloor, 
 fever'd his Head from his Body This ftruck 
 fuch a Terror into all, tliat from that rJme. 
 I 5 there
 
 178 LETTERS Writ by Vol. III. 
 
 t here was not theleaft Tumult or Diforder in his 
 Army. 
 
 They fay, he was in the End poifon'd by eating 
 of & F'jh, of which a Friend of bis receiv d Inti- 
 roation on the Road, as he v;as riding to the 
 Place where the Cardinal was at Dinner But he 
 came too late, to prevent the Effefts of the Poi- 
 l*on : For though the Cardinal was but jutt rifen 
 from the Table yet he began to void Blood by 
 his Ears, and the Extremities of his Fingers; and 
 in a few Days drew his laft Breath He was tall, 
 and well limb'd: His two fore Teeth of the up- 
 per Jaw grew fo far out of his Mouth, that he 
 wascall'd, The E clefttfiictl Elefhtnt. The Sutures 
 of his Skull were Ib clofely indented, that there 
 vas no more room for Tranfpiration of the grof- 
 fer Vapours, than through the moft iblid Part of 
 r>e Done. On this account he was ever troubled 
 uith the Head. ach, contrary to Cardinal Ricblieu, 
 v/ho never felt any Pain in that Part, becaufe he 
 liad two little Holes in his Crown, through which 
 the Fumes exhall'd. 
 
 Thefe are the Remarks which are made on 
 Card'ntl Ximtnet. As to Mtzarini, they fay, he 
 iurpaffes both thefe Miniften, in the exquifite 
 jModeration of his Temper : And comes fhort 
 of neither, in the Contrivance or Succefs of 
 Affairs, being folid in his Counfels, fecret and 
 1'wift in their Execution. He has this alfo pecu- 
 liar in his Conduct, that none are more fure of 
 Ills Favour, thanthofe who have done him Inju- 
 ries. He is magnifi -k in his Expences ; building 
 Ptltcff, that may vie with the moft celebrated 
 Structures of the ancient Rimans : A curious 
 Collector of choice Paintings and Sculptures j 
 furnifhing the Houfes with Utenfils of Cedar, 
 Ebony, Silver, Gold, .and other Ornaments, be- 
 fitting the P*l*te of a King. Liberal beyond the
 
 Vol. III. * SPY <?/ PARIS. 179* 
 
 Expectation of his Friends and Servants, yet notr 
 tn Profufenefs He has a wonderful Sagacity in 
 discovering Cheats and Impoftors ; and no Jefs 
 Dexterity in dlfcerning Men of Merit, though 
 never fo much obfcur'd by Misfortune. 
 
 Not Jong ago he catch'd a Gentleman in a 
 Crime, which expofed him to the Laughter and 
 Contempt of the whole Court, but not to th 
 Cardinal's Hatred. He had been recommended 
 to this Minifter by a Lady of the Court, for whom 
 lie had a great Erreem. ' On which account he 
 had free Accefs to the Cardinal's Frefence, and 
 would always mix with his Retinue. 
 
 But his curious Patron had obferv'd fome- 
 thing in his Carriage, which gave him Ground 
 of Miftruft. For he would always place hi ml elf 
 as near as he could to a certain Table in the 
 Chamber, where the Cardinal gives Audience. 
 There is a Drawer under this Table, which com- 
 monly ffahas half open, it being the Plsce where 
 all Piti-ivncrt throw in their, Bribes or, Pre- 
 fents ; it n t being feemly for a Prince of the 
 Church, to take Money himfelf. The Cardinal 
 obferv'd, That this Spark always had his Eye 
 glancing on that Drawer, as if he coveted what 
 was there contained. However, he took no 
 Notice, but gave him all the Opportunities ima- 
 ginable to do his Pleafure ; yet mil one Accident 
 or other, hinder' d the Gentleman from execu- 
 ting his Defign, which was, To borrow fome 
 of the Gold that lay in that Drawer At length 
 it happen'd, That the Cardinal having appointed 
 fome curious Pageant! to be made in Honour of 
 the King's Bir:h-da,y t he, with feveral of the 
 Coar:i,-f< t flood looking out of the Windows to 
 fee thefe triumphant Shows pafs by. The Gen- 
 tleman , taking this Opportunity, whijir ho 
 though; all Eyes were intent en the Gayetles 
 I 6 without,
 
 1 8o LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 without, flips ro the Table and rakes out of the 
 Drawer a Hag of God, putting it up in his Poc- 
 ket, and retiring to the Window again. He ima- 
 gined that no Body had feen him. and therefore 
 hugg'd himiclf in the Thoughts of his Booty. 
 When the Show was over, and the Company with- 
 drew from the Window; after awhile, they all 
 tock their leave and departed : And, among the 
 reft, this Gentleman Thief was going out But 
 the Cardinal defired him to tarry, in that he had 
 ibmething to fay to him. The Gentleman ftung 
 with the Guilt of what he had done, fella trem- 
 bling and was ready to drop down at the Cardi- 
 **/'s Feet. But he bid him be of good Comfort, 
 laying thus to him ; My Friend. what thou hajl 
 /tone, is not hid from me If thou haft nit Gold eough, 
 J vift double ihj Sum Therewith he gave him 
 another Bag of equal Value; faying withal, Go 
 ihy way, and fee mj Face more. 1 pardon, bat 
 (nnot tri'ft thee. 
 
 Would'ft thou know, by what means the Car* 
 
 Mnl difcover'd this Theft ? He always wears on 
 
 his Finger a King, in which is fet a "Jewel of 
 
 ineftimable Value ; it being a Na;ural Mirror f 
 
 and difcovering all Things that are done in the 
 
 Room, though behind a Man s Back. 'Twas on 
 
 this Stone the Ca dinal caft his Eye, when the 
 
 Gentlemen thought he was looking out of the 
 
 Window Therein he beheld him go to the 
 
 Table , take out the Money , and put it in 
 
 his Pocket. Thou feeft how curious this 
 
 Jvlinifter is, to ftock himfelf with ufeful Ra- 
 
 lities. 
 
 May that feat Chancellor cf Ef avert , the 
 Angtl who beholds in the Divine Efirus. as in 
 a Mirror > uhatfoevcr is done on Earth and 
 records all Human AcVions in the Book of 
 Judgments, never difcern any thing in M*bu*t t 
 
 which
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 181 
 
 which may render him worthy ta be excluded 
 the Pn 'fence of God. 
 
 Paris, tithofthe idMoon, 
 of the Ttar 1647. 
 
 LETTER XXIV. 
 
 To Danecmar Kefrouj Kadiiifquer 
 of Romania. 
 
 TH O U, that art Principal among the Judges 
 of high Dignity, the illuftrious Ornament 
 of three Empires, the ftrong Support of Equity, 
 \vho picferveft Reafon, and correfteft Vice, I 
 congratulate thy deferved Honour : And in do- 
 ing fo, I wifh Increafe of Joy to all the faithful 
 Qjmnns. 
 
 The Knowledge which thou haft acquired in 
 the Lam of Natitnf, and in the moft perfeft San. 
 clions of our auRuft Mn*rchy, has made rliee fa- 
 mous through the feven Prect'ntft of the Ea th j 
 and has vefted tliee with the Robe of fublime 
 "Honour, the Gift of the Lieu'.want of God. 
 
 I made Choice of this Occafion at once to 
 perform my Duty, and to acquaint thee with a 
 Rational Villany, fuch a Violation of the publick. 
 Fatth of a Kingdom, as it will be difficult to pa- 
 rallel. 
 
 The Civil Wars of England are known through, 
 out the World-. And thou art no Stranger to the 
 particular Intelligences I have fent to \\\z fublime 
 Port, concerning that Nation. 
 
 Since that time the Rebels have by degrees 
 gaia'd Ground of their unhtppy King, diafing 
 
 him
 
 181 LETTERS tf'rit ly Vol. III. 
 
 him from one Place to another : 'Till at length, 
 finding, That neither Ly ;.<*" cr / -<.etie> t ha 
 could reduce them to any Terms of Reconcili- 
 ation, and being befieged in one of his Cities, 
 which was not in a Condition to hold out long, 
 this unfortuntre Monarch was forced to difguile 
 h'mfelf, and.efcape by Ni.ght ; uandring through 
 unfrequented V\ ays, and enduring much Hard- 
 fhip He at length threw himfejf up:n the Faith 
 of the Seat i, who had 1 folemnly engaged them- 
 felves upon Oath, To defend him againft all his 
 Lnemies whatfoever. 
 
 The Sot'ifh Army was then in England, being 
 hired to arTift the Rebels. VV hence lome take Oc- 
 Crfion to accufe this Pnnct of Rairmefs, and too 
 jnuch Credulity, in feeking Protection from thofe 
 ivho /irfl: began the Rebellion, and who had flain'd 
 the Records of Scot .'and with ths Elwd of many of 
 their K.ngs. Hu,t Innocency is void of Sufpi- 
 cion ; and therefore, lecai.le h's own Intentions 
 were fmce're, he knew net iiy.v to be jealous of 
 Others-. 
 
 However, the Scots at fir/1 feem*d to a^l the 
 Parts of loyal Men And when they were threat- 
 ned by the E-gHjh Rebels, and their Pay was 
 flopp ? d. with D+la r a::oni alfo i/Tued oyt againft 
 their Proceedings they continue to affert; the Ju- 
 jlice of their L x epcrt;neat, in receiving and de- 
 fending their injur'd King, wno had fled to them 
 for Succour. 
 
 They detained him thus, from the 4th of the 
 yth A-/JOW, of the Year 1646, to the 3oth Day of 
 the ill Mosn of this prefent Year. At which 
 time having agreed with the Hnglifo Parliament, 
 for the Sum of 4Cocxo S-.qxins, as the Price of 
 their 'iw.reign, they deliver" d him up to the Eng- 
 lijkcemmijfimtr!) deputed by the Rebels for that 
 Purpofe. 
 
 The
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 183 
 
 Ths French dmbatfador was at that time in the 
 Scatch Army ; who having been a Witnefs of 
 their deteftable Perjury, took his Leave : And 
 being attended with a Guard of Light. Horfe to 
 the J>ea Port, at parting he pulTd out a Piece of 
 English Money, valued at Half a Grovn ; and ask- 
 king the Captain of the Guardt into how many 
 Pieces of coined Silver that Half Crovn might be 
 divided, he anfwered, Into thirty. For fo much 
 (replied the dmbajfa&ar ) did Judas betray hit 
 Matter. 
 
 Thou wilt better comprehend the Force of 
 this Repartee, when thou coniidereft. that accor- 
 ding to the Chriflian'i Belief, tQis Juiien was a 
 Slave of jf efut, the Sen of Mn r y\ and that for 
 i bitty Piecis of Silver, he betray'd that Prophet to 
 the Jtws. 
 
 But thefe Infidels have found out Ways, to e- 
 ]ude all Engagements and Promifes. They couch 
 their Oaibi, in. Words more ambiguous than the 
 Oreclei of Ddphos. As if they thought, not on- 
 ly to circumvent Men by their Lquiv.ocaticns, 
 but alfo to deceive him who formed the Tongvt 
 and rhe Ear ; even. Gad, who is ferfift in Know- 
 ledge 
 
 Such a S'trj I have read of one Ha:ts a German 
 Bljkop, whofe Perjury is recorded. This Prelate 
 Lad a Couftn who was acculed of Treafin againd 
 the Emperor. On which Account he was clofely 
 befieged by the Imperial Forcees, in a Caftle feated 
 on the top of an impregnable Rock- So that the 
 Emperor, defpairing to take him by Force had 
 withdrawn his Army, when this Bijbop came to 
 him, and for a Sum of Money promifed to be- 
 tray his K-nfman into the Empires Hands. 
 
 The Bargain being concluded, the Bifaf went 
 to vifit his Ctuftn-at the Caflle, perfwading him 
 t;o go and humbje luaifejf to the Emferor, and he 
 
 would
 
 184 LETTERS Writ fy Vol. IIT. 
 
 would engage to procure his Pardon; Binding 
 himfelf v/ich a folemn Oath, That if he would 
 rely on him, as he carried him fafe cut of the 
 Cafile, fo he would bring him back alive and fafe 
 again 
 
 His Kir.fman, deluded with thefe fair Pretences, 
 and fecured by the Sanftion of an Oath trufts 
 himfelf to the Conduct and Fidelity of the Pre- 
 late. 
 
 When they had rode about half a League from 
 the Ca/tie, the Bijbjp pretending he had forgot 
 fomt Papers of Moment, which he had left be- 
 hind him in his Chamber, they return'd back to 
 the Caftte; and when they had found the Papers, 
 they fet forward again toward the Ewperor's 
 Camp Being arrived there, the impiousW retch 
 deliver' J his Kin/man to the Emperor, who con- 
 demn d him to die. He fending for the Bf/hip, 
 reproaches him with the Violation of his Oarh. 
 But the perfidious Rijhsp fought to acquit him- 
 felf, by faying, He btdf ferjotm'fl his 1'rnmife, in 
 carrying him ba.k fafe tt the Caille, when he return' d 
 to f'tk his Pfffrs Thus was his Kinsman be- 
 tray'd by a Quibble, and loft his Head The 
 S;/J>-/> acquiring, for that impious Deed, the odi- 
 ous Title of Hart* the Trayto-. And the Germant 
 report, That he was afterwards carried away by 
 >fv./J, and thrown alive into the Hollo v of 
 Mount &'* : A Voice being heard at the fame 
 Inftai.t in the Air, faying, Thli it the Reward of 
 Perj't>y. 
 
 The Nazarenej believe this fl/unlng Mountain to 
 be one of the Mouth of Ht U : The fame Opinion 
 they have of Strombolo and feiuviu ] am noc 
 curious, 'to pry into the Truth of fo coftly a Se- 
 cret, but leave the Experiment to the forfworn, 
 treacherous s.o'/^ who by this barbarous Aftioi, 
 deierve to follow the Fait of Hatty. 
 
 Mucji
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 185- 
 
 Much greater was the Integrity and Virtue of 
 the ancient Romany whom th&fe Itifidtls number 
 among the damnd. They efteem'd nothing more 
 faved, than the publtck Faisti ; building r.up!if 
 to its Honour, and ftamping their Money with the 
 Figure of two Hindi joined togetker, having this 
 Motto THE FAITH Of THE ROMANS. 
 But the Scats fhew themfelves to be of Lyfjudtr's 
 Mind, who uled to fay, Children mujt be circum. 
 vented vi'h gcd Words, and Men v>!:b Oaths. 
 
 This MOTHH ch is now led in Triumph, like a 
 Captive, by his rebellions Subjects, who have con- 
 fin'd him to one of his Country Palates, fuffering 
 none of his Friends, or faithful Servants, to come 
 near him, but in all things endeavouring to ren- 
 der his Reftruint infupportable. 
 
 Thou who art accurate in interpreting. the 
 Lttoi of Jupice, wilt condemn thefc hfiicls of 
 horrid T-cafon, yet canft not acquit the Mu/ul- 
 t/mnt t who have often depofed oar moft nguft 
 Emperars. 
 
 I divide my Intelligence among the Mtn'fters.cf 
 the fuMime Port, arid the other Grar.dcei of the 
 State praying Gd, To guard the Sultan from fe- 
 cret Machinations, and open Enemies ; and, To 
 grant, That an Excefs of Good-Nature may not 
 betray him to fuch Misfortunes, as have befallen 
 this imprifon'd Monarth. 
 
 Paris, lift of the ^d Mton, 
 f tht 
 
 LET-
 
 LETTERS Jf77//X Vol. Ill 
 
 LETTER XXV. 
 To Ragel Hamet, Antiquary to the Sultan. 
 
 I S City is pefter'd with an innumerable 
 1 Multitude of Bats, and a kind of Sr 
 \vhich they call Liza-^s or Ne*>t.<. They breed in 
 the Walls of their Houfes, and moleft the Inha- 
 bitants Night and Day, f warming more than or- 
 dinary every ninth Year. 
 
 The Pa-ifiant give an odd Reafon for this 
 P'agite. They fay, That in former Ages, a : 
 tain Marian had undertaken to free this City 
 from all "venemaus Creatures ; and that, according- 
 ly, he had made fcveral Imag/i of tho'e Animal'.', 
 annexing to them Enchantment s t and hiding them 
 in obfcure Places under the Earth ; promiiing al- 
 fo , That fo Jong as thofe Imaga remain'd un- 
 touch'd, Paris fhould not be molefted with : 
 hurtful Thing. This fucceeded according to his 
 "U crds ; 'till at a certain time, as they were dig- 
 ging up the Foundations of an old Temple, tlia 
 Workmen found feveral brazen lmsgt<, fome re- 
 prefenting a B't, fome a Lizard. They making 
 fmall Account of thole irngical Reify ve , fold 
 tl em to the nert B-*/?--r for a Pierce of Money : 
 \\ : ho being ignorant alfo of -lie Ir.dden Fore 
 thcfe Images, melted them do\va fc.r his.o\vn Ui'e. 
 And, ever fmce that thne, the City lias te~.i 
 over- run with Bat; and Lizards 
 
 I relate this to thee, in regard I have ofcen 
 heard thee fpeak of the ancient Stutues , that 
 vere in the d'.midam at Ctn/taminoplt, and in 
 ether Farts of the City ; particularly of that P/V- 
 /", which had three B"a\en Scrp-r,n winding a- 
 bout it ; which when Muhtmct the Grttt beheld, 
 
 the
 
 Vol. III. aSpvat PARIS. 187 
 
 the Conqueror ftruck one of them with a Battle* 
 jJxe, and fmote off the lower Jaw, Upon which 
 a multitude of Serpents infefted the City, but 
 were foon exterminated, in regard the Sultan, 
 being warned by the Citizens, forbore to do any 
 farther Injury to thofe Images, which were the 
 Gua-filam of the City. 
 
 Th Annals ot the Muffii'msn Empire make 
 Mention of thefe Statutes , as alfb of Horfe of 
 Brafs , and a Bull of the fame Metal The one 
 erefted as a Cha>m againft the Peftllence ; the 
 tthf>- t as an oraculous Sign, that the Enemies of 
 the Grecian Monarchy fjionld in that Place be 
 repulfcd, and driven out of the City. Vet it 
 proved otherwife: For the victorious Mnff'u'm^nf 
 againft whom the Encaantraents of the Ir.fidelt 
 could not prevail , enter 1 d the Mit>-ket-Pice , 
 where this Image flood, and drove from thence 
 the timorous Grecian' ; curting in Piecfs all that 
 made Refinance, and renJring themfelves lordt 
 of Cwft*r.thuplt, at that time the richeft City in 
 the World. 
 
 The Romans were extremely addiftecJ to thefe 
 fnptrftitutu Vanities ; believing the Safety of 
 their Ci y and Empire^ conftfted in the Prelerva- 
 tion of the Palla.diwn , an Itmgs which they 
 thought fell down from Jupi':e y , and was rranf- 
 ported from Troy to /:/*/; by sEneis being after- 
 wards repofited in the Temple of f'Ra, bur barnt 
 in that dreadful Confluent it*, which happen 'd in- 
 the Reign of Niro. 
 
 They had in no lefs Genera' ten the Sackl r % 
 which they were taught dropp'd down from 
 Heaven , into the Hands cf Nxta* P>n.pi!ius ; 
 uhereon the Fate of Rome was engraven, in 
 Sba'afiers which none could read. Fearing left 
 this Sacred Shield might be ftoln, they caufed 
 others of the fame Figure to be made, 
 
 and
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol.IIF. 
 
 and all to' be hung up together in the Temple o* 
 Mars. 
 
 And, to the end, the Guardian Genius of the C/' 
 y, Ihould not be enticed from them by the En. 
 ia<n:wentr of their Enemies, the true Name of the 
 City of Rum* was kepc iccrer. even from its-own 
 Inhabitants; infomuch, that Valerius So-anm was 
 pat to Death, for publifhing it to one of his 
 Friends. Many have guefs'd at the bidden tfams ; 
 fome faying, It was Valencia ; others, That it was 
 Vtli* ; a third fort call it Anthufa. But there is 
 no Certainty in their Conje&ures. For the Pa- 
 gant were, above all things, careful to conceal the 
 tfamtt of their Cities and Pat>on Geds-, knowing, 
 that thofe Spirits would not forfake rhem, till they 
 were call'd forth by their fopcr Nsmer. 
 
 They us d alfo to chain the Imaget of their Godt 
 to the Altxn, left they fhould depart from them 
 by Stealth. Thus the Tjrisnu, when Alexander be- 
 fieged their City, and they underftood from the 
 pri-.ftt, that dpolh, the Guirdiau of Tyrt, was dif- 
 pleafed with 'em, they faften'd his Image with 
 ftrong Fetters of Iron. So dealt the Sttrtans with 
 the Image of Mart. And this was the common 
 Practice among thofe idtlat rou t Nations. 
 
 As for us, who have received the Law clear 
 and intelligible, and believe in the Unity of the 
 Divine Effince : We ufe no Charms our-felves, nei- 
 ther do we fear the Magici of the uncinuntctfed. 
 All our Confidence is in Gei, and tl.e Proteftion 
 of his Prophet . We go boldy to the Wars, wh'ilft 
 we fight in Defence, neither of Statue:, nor-fi&f- 
 tus Retiyuei, but of the fvlinne repleniOi'd with 
 Truth and Light, the Bwi -brought down from 
 Hetven by an 
 
 Paris, \-jtiJ of the ^th Moon t 
 
 f tk * K* r *47- _. _ 
 
 LET.
 
 Vol. HI. *zSpy at PARIS. 
 
 LETTER XXVI. 
 To the Vizir Azem. 
 
 I A M now returned from Orleans, whither I 
 went in Obedience to thy Appointments ; and 
 not without abundance of Pleafure to my felf. it 
 .being the Time of Year when all things confpire 
 to make a Traveller pafs his Time away with De- 
 light. 
 
 Vet my Return was melancholy, in regard I 
 .could not accomplifh what I ainvd at, .nor be in a 
 1 Capacity to render thee that S'atisfaftion thou re- 
 .quivcft, either in buying the Jewels, or in efta- 
 blifhing any Correfpondence. Thofe who in- 
 fbrm'd thee of the Ge rnnns inhabiting that City, 
 were miitaken in their Charafter, they being only 
 .a Society or Cap oration of Students, and no ways 
 concerned in Traffick or Merchandize. 
 
 They told thee right, in faying,. There are a 
 .great Number of Strangers in Organs \ I thin-k 
 the Imperial City, which commands the Wtrld, 
 cannot boaft a greater Di-vedity of Languages, 
 tlian are fpoken daily in the Streets and Houfes 
 of Orleans. There are fome, almoft of all Nati- 
 ons, refiding in that City. 
 
 Would'ft thou knew the real Occafion of this 
 mighty Conflux of Foreigners. It is, That they 
 may ftudy that which the Nazarenes call ti.e Civil 
 Lato which is there profeifed as in an /fr.adcir.y, 
 erefted for that Purpofe by Philip the Fair, one of 
 the King! of France. 
 
 If thou knoweft not the Meaning of the Civil 
 it is, A Collection of the ancient Roman 
 L*iof % drawn from above Two thoufand Book' 
 
 of
 
 j 90 .LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 of their Scrlbet, by the Command of the Emperor 
 yujltr.i.-n, for a standard of Equity in thofe cor- 
 rupt Times, in that univerfal Relaxationand De- 
 cline of good Government. 
 
 This is the AttratKve, which draws fo many 
 Strangers from all Parts of Europe, to that plea- 
 fant City : Where, beildes the Opportunity of 
 improving themfeives in the mofr honourable Pro-, 
 jifliyn among the Nazannts, next to that of the 
 Frlffliroed; tney enjoy a pure and ferene Heaven, 
 a fruitful and delicious Part of the Earth, and the 
 Company of the mo ft obliging and courteous 
 People in all F ancc. 
 
 'Tis for this reafan the Get-mam, among other 
 XfU'.M!, flock to Orleans and, through the Fa- 
 vour of the French Kings, have obtain'd a Privi- 
 lege beyond other Nations ; that is, To incorpo- 
 rate [themfeives into a Society of Student}, Nei- 
 ther is there any fuch thing as Merchandize known 
 among them. 
 
 If I have not anfwer'd thy Expectation, fupreme 
 Prince of the Baffas. blame not Mahmut, but ac- 
 cufe the Germant of Oceans, for not exchanging 
 their Smctiet for Traffick or rather blame thole 
 who prefumed to tell thee this far fetch'd Fable. 
 In finiftiing this Letter, I bow my Head to the 
 Floor of my Chamber, and kifs the Paper which 
 ihall have the Honour to be touch'd by thy illu- 
 frrious Hands. 
 
 Paris, ifl ef tke 6tb 
 tf tbt Tear \ 6+7. 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. A SPY at PARIS. 
 
 LETTER XVII. 
 
 To the Aga of- the Janizaries. 
 
 *-pHOU haft heard of the 4f?rian, Scythian, 
 . 1 and Roman He-oines. Thefe were all valiant 
 Leaders of Armies, Women of Honour and Re- 
 nown. New I will inform thee of a Female which 
 France has brought upon the Stage of War. 
 
 According to the Orders which I received from 
 the Vndr Az,tm, \ took a Journey to Orleans laft 
 Idow; where, on the third" Day afcer my Arrival, 
 beholding a Iblemn P'ocr/fi.n in the Streets of that 
 populous City, attended with fome uncommon 
 Ceremonies and Rejoycings.my Curiofrty prompt- 
 ed me to enquire the Occafiou of it. Thou 
 may 'ft imagine I did not apply my felf for In- 
 formation to the Multitude, who take up Things 
 on the common Credit of Fame, which does not 
 always deliver the Truth. I addrefs'd my feif to 
 thole that were acquainted with, the Records of 
 the /<>#; who told me, That this Solemnity was 
 yearly obferv'd on the Eighth Day of the Fifth 
 Mw, in Memory of their Deliverance from the 
 'Engtijb, who befiged this City, and were beaten 
 from before it by Joan A"" A*c, a Maid of Lor, 
 rain, in the Reign of Cbartet I. This Virago feem'd 
 to be the tutelar Ang>l of Prance : For to her Va- 
 lour and Conduct, that Monarch oVd the Recc- 
 'v.-.-ry of his Kingdom, almoft loft to the K ; n^ erf 
 E-nglanJ ; this being the laft Place of Importance 
 which had not received Englifh Garrifons. After 
 fhe had rais'd the Siege, fhe purfued the Ene- 
 my, gave them feveral Battels, defeated them, 
 took the Generalj Captive, reduced 3]! the Cities 
 to their former Obedience, and never Iheath d 
 
 her
 
 jpi LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 her Swojd, 'till flie faw her Mafier folemnly 
 crown'd at Rbemes. Yet at length fhe her felf 
 vas made a Prifoner by the Englifo, and was pub- 
 licky burnt for a Witch at Rotten. 
 
 The Inhabitants of Orlian, have creeled brazen 
 S-auei in her Honour. They celebrate her Prai- 
 ft-s, and efteem her a Woman divinely infpired to 
 ilive her Country. Yet the more intelligent fort 
 fay, That flie was neither IVitch nor Prophaefs , 
 but only a Ate/^ of good Wit and Courage, 
 whom fome of the Piinces of the Blood Royal , 
 had inftru&ed to act the Part of a Mijfionary 
 from Heaven ; that Ib, by pretending Vijionj and 
 Revelations, flie might raife the Courage of tfle 
 French, now a'moll difpirited by their many 
 LoiTes ; and whom nothing lefs than a Miracle 
 cculd pcrfwade to abide the Field againft the 
 victorious Englifo This is certain, That flie 
 cliftinguilh'd the K>ng, though difguifed like a 
 P<a[ant, and in a Crowd of People : She went 
 boldly up to him, and ialuted him by his Title, 
 to the Aftonifliment of thofe that flood by. She 
 fent a McfTenger to bring her a Sword of an- 
 tique Workmanlhip, that lay hid in a Tomb in 
 one of their famous Mofavei ; (for, the Nazarenet 
 of the Wtfl bury the Dead in their 7cmples.') 
 This Aftion extremely enhanced her Reputa- 
 tion, in regard none knew of this Sword but the 
 King himleif. She was therefore lookM upon as 
 an extraordinary Perfon ; and the People could 
 hardly be reftrain'd from paying her divine 
 Honours. 
 
 When they were encamped on a certain Plain 
 of a vaft Extent, where there was no Water to 
 ba found, fo that the Army was ready to perifh 
 through 1 hint ; the King came to the lent of 
 this Piophettfi, to confult her as a O>*cle in the 
 general Diftreis. She bad him be of good 
 
 Courage,
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARI'S^ 
 
 Courage, and follow her. They went out toge- 
 ther to the Door of her Tent, where at a little 
 diftance, there grew a Knot of Flowers. The 
 admirable Mid {truck her Spear into the Ground 
 amidft the Flowers, and incontinently their fprung 
 forth a Fountain of Water, to which the whole 
 Army repaired to allay their Thirft. They fay, 
 the Place is fhewn to this Day, with an l>n*ge ot" 
 this Maid ftanding in on Oratory dole by it ; a 
 Place of Refreshment and Devotion for Travel- 
 lers that pafs over thofe barren Plains. 
 
 However, whether it were Artifice, or that Ore 
 was endued with fome fuptrnamral Gift, it had a 
 marvellous Influence on the Soldiers, who began 
 to re-aflume Courage, and feared nothing under 
 the Conduct of fuch a General. 
 
 'Twas Revenge without doubt, rather than Ju 
 ftice, that extorted that cruel Sentente from the 
 Eng.'ifi, which put a Period to the heroick Aftions 
 of this illuftrious M!d, whofe Fame will live for 
 ever. 
 
 It is recorded, That whilft fhe was bound fall 
 to the Stake with ftrong Cords, they would have 
 kindled the Fire upon her before Ihe had fpoke 
 to the Spectators; but that fhe fuddenly became 
 'loofen'd, and fnatching a Lance from one of the 
 Soldiers ; me drove the Guards before her : Then 
 returning of her own accord to the Stake, flyc 
 made her lafl dying Speech , foretelling many 
 Things to come, which afterwards proved true. 
 And having made an end of fpeaking, {he bid the 
 Executioner fet fire to the Wood ; which he did 
 accordingly, and fhe was burnt to Aflies. 
 
 Certainly every Nation may boaft of fome 
 F-.malt Warriour, that at one time or other has 
 done remarkable Service to her Country. 
 And thou art not a Stranger to the Hiilory of 
 
 K the
 
 194 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 the /fmazonf, who excluded Men from their So- 
 ciety, yet became formidable to aJl the Regions 
 round about them. 
 
 Adieu, brave Commander of the Mujfalmtn 
 Forces, and let the Memory of thefe valiant Ft. 
 malei infpire thee with frefh Ardours, when the 
 Ottotxan Empire is in Danger. 
 
 Paris, ifl / the 6th Mien, 
 of the Tear 1647. 
 
 LETTER XXVIII. 
 To Dgnet Oglou. 
 
 art the Man that muft participate in 
 
 J[ all my Adventures. And I mould be a 
 Churl, in not letting thee fhare with me, the Plea- 
 fure I found in a late Journey to Orleans, one of 
 the prefiJary Towns in frtnce. It was by the 
 Order of the Hzer 4z,tm, I undertook that Jour- 
 ney. Some body had inform'd him. That this 
 Town was full of Merchant. Travellers of feveral 
 Nations, but efpecially in Germany, who brought 
 the choiceft Jewels of the /?, to vend in this 
 PJace at ordinary Rates. That Minifter gave me 
 Commands to buy certain Stones, with Inftru- 
 ftions to treat of another Affair, which it is not 
 necefTary for thee to know. I accordingly fct 
 out from P*rii, the third Day of the fifth Moon 
 and Eltachita the Jew (of whom thou haft heard) 
 bore me Company. 
 
 I need not defcribe to thee, the Country 
 
 through which we pafs'd : It exaftly refembleth 
 
 the Plaint of S. Ifidore, not far from Palermo in
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 
 
 Sicily. Thou and I have reafbn to remember that 
 Place of our Gxpiivity, carrying the Marks of 
 our Ma/leSs cruel Anger yet in our Bodies. 
 Thofe />/*//, thou knoweft, afford a very agree- 
 able Profpeft, ^efpecially at this Time of the Year, 
 when the Verdure of the Trees, mix'd with the 
 JBrightnefs of the Corn-fields, and the Party- co- 
 lour'd Meadows, tempt the Eye into a Contro- 
 verfy of Pleafure, a Man neither knowing well 
 how to take it off, nor yet where to fix it, in 
 fuch an orderly Confufion and Medley of charm- 
 ing Objecls. 
 
 Such is the Province between Paris and Orleanf, 
 which has this Advantage of thofe Sicilian Plainj, 
 that here all the way one rides, innumerable mag- 
 nificent and beautiful Palaces appear, (hooting up 
 their glittering Turrets above the lofty Groves, 
 which environ thofe Seats of Pleafure, Indeed 
 this is one of the pureft Airs, and the mofr. fertile 
 Soil in all the Kingdom, which invites the Nablct 
 and Gtv f ,ry to refide here during the Summer, and 
 occafions much travelling on this Road. 
 
 About Mid day, we came to a Town called 
 Ck*jl"-es, where we alighted to refrefh our ielves. 
 Travellers, in thefe Wtflem Parts, are better ac- 
 commodated with Provisions than they can be 
 in dji*, where they muft carry their own Beds 
 with them, and drefs their own Visuals, or lie 
 on the naked Floor facing. This makes the 
 Naiarenet call the /? inhofpitable. They con- 
 fider nor at the fame time, that 'tis the Nicenefs 
 and Delicacy of the Mabsmetant, which occafions 
 this ruftom. For the Eaflern People are fearful 
 of defiling themfelves, by eating Meat prepared 
 by other Hands than their own, or thofe of their 
 Servants : As alfo to He on a Bed, common to all 
 P-afiengcrs. 
 
 K a But,
 
 1 96 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 But thefe lufidelt are like the S/f, to whom 
 all Meat is welcome, and every Ditch an accepta- 
 ble Bed. Here are Inns all along the Roads, 
 \vhereinto when you enrer, the Hcjf provides you 
 both Bed, and all other NecefJaries A Man muft 
 venture to fleep on the fame Pillow, where per- 
 haps a Leper has lain the Night before, or fome 
 Pcrfon inftcled with a worfe Difeafe The Hft 
 exam nes none, but harbours all alike, provided 
 they have Money to pay him And as for Victu- 
 als, 'tis the Cuftom of all Travellers to eat toge- 
 ther at one common Table, where feveral Difnes 
 of Meat are ferved up and every Man is free to 
 eat what and how much he pleaies, paying a fta- 
 tej Price for his Dinner. 
 
 Thus no fooner were we come into our Inn at 
 Chi/tret, but the H<ft faluting us afrer the man- 
 rer of the Country, invited us to fit down at 
 the Qrdivary, (for fo they call their pub'ick Din- 
 ner in an Inn ) We were not fo fcrupulous as to 
 refufe his Offer, butfullow'd him into the Cham- 
 ber,^ where the Dinner was prepared. There 
 -were many Guefts at the Table, and all.bufy in 
 feeding themfelves. We took fuch Seats as we 
 found vacant, and without much Ceremony, fell 
 to eating, 'The Jew trufted to the Indulgence of 
 Mefe!, and I to that of Mahomet, for eating with 
 the uvcircumcifed, whofe Meat is feldom free 
 from the Pollutions of Blood. We knew, that nei- 
 ther God t nor his Piophets, required us to 
 ftarve 
 
 ^ There was Plenty of Wine, and that fo deli- 
 c'cus, as would have tempted an Hog! a to tafte it, 
 u-ithout the Muftfs Difpenfpation ; to avoid Sin- 
 gularity, I made a Shew of eating, as the reft; 
 but the grcateft part of my Repaft con fitted in 
 Bread, and fome Fruits, with that exhilarating 
 Juice of tl.e Grape. 
 
 The
 
 Voi ; . III. a S p Y at P A R 1 1:. 197 
 
 The honeft Jev fwore 'twas a Banquet prepa- 
 red by Cp/W, to render him the moft miferabis 
 of all Men. For, juft in the midft of our Mirth, 
 came in a F each Gentleman with a Lady in his 
 Hand, whop laced themfelvesat the Table exaftly 
 oppoilte to us. I perceived evident Symptoms 
 of fome Diforder in Eliachim. who feem'd to" 
 read his Fate in that fair Creatures Face ; yec 
 had not Power to check his wand'ring Eyes, or 
 guard them from inevitable Wounds. Ile'daU 
 moft atted o'er the Sivy of the &iyptian Wives, 
 whom Juffpk's Miftrefs had invited to behold his 
 Beauty, they cut their Fingers for their Meat, 
 whiJft gazing Jon the charming Youth : So poor 
 EUaehlm was all Confufion, turn'd to a Statue, 
 whilft he look'd on this enchanting Garner. II* 
 had forgot to eat or drink, till I began to rouzs 
 him from his Dream. ! told him fotcly In the 
 Ear, This Lady was but the younger Sifter of 
 /arnw's Miftiefs. Tins brought him to his Senfe 
 again, but could not reflore his Peace. Prudence 
 taught him to difTemble the violent Emotion oF 
 his Soul, and not to expoie himfelf in fuch a 
 Company ; but nothing could expel ths fatal Poi- 
 fon from hisBreafl. 
 
 When we had fufficiently reppfed our fclves, 
 we bid adieu to the Inn, all joining Company, 
 and fetting forward to Orleans On the Road, 
 both Eliachim and I had many Opportunities off 
 convening with this young Lady; fuch Familia- 
 rity with Women, being allow'd in F'-ana. We 
 found her Wit furprizing as her Beauty ; and her 
 Mien a;d Conduct, fuch as gave Advantage to 
 them both. In a Word, Elitchim was loft amidfl: 
 fo many Perfections. 
 
 When we came to our Inn at Night, and were 
 
 in our Chamber together, he vented his Pafiion in 
 
 theie Words ; Mahmut, / havt ffS4 theft Te*rs 
 
 K 3 kitbtrt*
 
 198 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 hitherto, without avy ether Sentiments of Ltve, fav; 
 thofe which in general I owe to aS our Rait, and 
 fame nitre particular Regard of Prienctfiip and Du. 
 ty. But.Jtnee I fav this lovtly Creature, methtnki 
 my Friei.ds, and all that ovgh f . to be beloved on 
 Earth, it nnt twt:aft,d into b:r. 'Tit not her 
 fnowy Skin or matchUfs F<ature-, are of Force to-- 
 nove me- th;ugh they are ftch, :hy felf being 
 "Judge, as would h:ive foiled Apelles'f dr: to imi- 
 ta:e; But ''tis a Liiflre which I can't exp-efi ! Sure- 
 ly 'twas Lightning darted from htr Eyet, thefe fair 
 Avenues of htr brighter Soul! The fubtle Flame 
 glanced :hr su^h my Brcaft, and in a Moment fcerck'd 
 my Rftfon up ! The lovely Bafllisk fret Death ft 
 every Lock ! ihttit fnveft hov 1 fate as one transfor- 
 med ; fa f if tie ft t and withtut Motion was I, vhilft- 
 gazing on my Ruin ? And to this Hour a fatal Numb, 
 neft fpreadi thrsugh all my Veins, as if 1 had touched 
 ftme dir t Torpedo 
 
 Thus vrent he raving on, till I interrupted him 
 with Laughter aad Railery, endeavouring to cure 
 him of his Love-fick Humour by ridiculing it. I 
 told him my own Experience of this fcolilh Paf- 
 Jiw, rehearfcd my former Adventures with D*ria y 
 and how at length I got the V'iftory of this vain 
 Fondnefs by Ab fence and the Exercife of my 
 Reafon. But all that I could fay, made no Im- 
 preflion on the ftupid Lover. He grew but worfe, 
 aod fo I left him to feek Repofe from fleep. 
 
 We came not to Origan- till the n?xt Day, 
 where we tarried not long, hiving no other Bafi- 
 nefs as it happen'd but to fee the Rarities of 
 the Town, and inform our felves of thofe 
 f ings it is convenient for Travellers to know. 
 Afcer which we return' d to Parit . I with the 
 fame Sentiments I had at my firft ferting out 
 From thence j but it feems the W--rld was me- 
 tamorphofed in poor Eliachim s Opinicn. To 
 
 him
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 199 
 
 him the Trees had now loft all their Greennefs ; 
 the Flowers, and Grafs, and Corn, look'd wi- 
 ther'd ; the Birds fung mournful Notes; thr 
 Winds blew hoarfe, unlwecome Sounds ; and 
 every thing in Nature feem'd to him to droop, 
 becaufe Falante was not there (fo was the fan- 
 one call'd as E'.iachirr. had learn' d of her ; ) when 
 we parted from Orleans . 
 
 In this melancholy Condition, the poor Brain- 
 fick 7? has continued ever fince. When his 
 Cure will commence, I know not. 
 
 If thou yet retaineft thy native Liberty, and 
 haft not facrificed it to unhappy Love, learn by 
 his Misfortune to watch thy Sefet } which arc the 
 firft Trayton to the Ssul. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, \fl of the 6th Mion, 
 of (be T<ar 1647. 
 
 LETTER XXIX. 
 
 Te the Captain Bafta. 
 
 H O U that haft had thy Education in At fa 
 n*li t and haft led the reft of thy Life in 
 Shipt of Wr, wilt be beft able to judge of the 
 Propofal, which a certain bloody Se* Cp:aia 
 made to Cardinal Maz&rini not long ago. 
 
 It being the general Difcourle of this City, 
 with what Infult and Defiance Admiral Mo'-f/tnf, 
 with about thirty Men of Wr, enter'd the ttdle. 
 front, and braved the D*rd*ntli This Officer told 
 the Cardinal, i hat if he would furnifh him wirh 
 half that Number ,of Ships, he would engage- 
 to drive the Sultan out of his Seraglio, Jay that 
 Ptlace in the Duft, and beat down the Ttv.n of 
 K 4 - all
 
 LETTERS, Writ ly Vol. II H 
 
 all the Mofqties in Cenflantt'nople, or lofe his Life 
 in the Attempt. To which the Cardinal replied, 
 Alonlieur, / believe '(is imptjfibte, if you coah fimfl)- 
 your Weik, before they mould bca'd your Men of 
 War viih Hundred Gallies and Saiques full of 
 arrr.ed Mtn 
 
 It is faid, That Cardinal Rtchliiu had fuch a- 
 Projeft once, which made him propofe the Build- 
 ing of prodigious high bhips, whole out-lidcs 
 iliould be ftuck all over with fliarp Spikes, thar 
 fhould render it impoflible for Gatlitj to board 
 them 
 
 By this thou may'ft know, that fuch an Attempt 
 Is not thought impracticable by the Ch iflians. f 
 wifh it be not put in efFeftual Execution by them, 
 when the Port may leaft dream, of it. 
 
 Chriftma, ^utcn of Swedeland, has caufed a 
 mofl msgnificent P-.Jfilto be builr, with defign to 
 prefentit to Zardmai Mazan'ni. The inner XVork 
 of the Cabin is of Cedar, curioufly overlaid wit'i 
 Flowers, and other Imagery of Gold. The Ex- 
 tremity of the S'tern, adorn-'d with Windows, Sta 
 tues and Galleries ; the wooden Work all over- 
 laid uith the fame Metal. The Roof of the Ca- 
 bin prcfents the story of Jafon's Expedition to gee 
 the Gotdtn fleece, painted by the beft Matters in 
 Stoedeland. All the Furniture fpeaks the Royal 
 Eounty of her that gives it The Canon are of 
 the pureft Brafs The reft of the Tackle fuch as 
 are ricreft to weather the Winds and Waves ; 
 from which neither this Queens Sovereignty In 
 SwedelanJ, nor the Cardinals Grandeur in France, 
 could exempt either of them, were they expo- 
 led to Sea 
 
 There are thofe who whifper on this Occafion, 
 That the )^ee of Swede/and has fome Inclinations 
 tr> the Rowan Catkoliik Religion that fhe has had 
 icreral Conferences with Mon/i:ur c};:ut, n^ 
 
 that
 
 Vol. III. * SPY at PARIS; 20 r 
 
 that Subjeft, as alfo with his Prtrfts ; that .her 
 Refidcnt in Portugal has openly embrac'd that 
 F*:'th. net without the g>ten's private Conferit 
 and Approbation. It is material to us. what 
 Religion the l*fidds profefs, \vhilft they aiTert Do. 
 firings repngnant to the Divine Unity, and the 
 Truth of the Stnt of God. I behold, at this time, 
 an evident Sign of his Unity in the fravtm-, it is 
 the Kt Moon, juft rifing from the lower Hemij- 
 fhere. At the Sight of this Pltnet, the M./>gcr 
 of God has commanded me to fall on my pace, 
 and adore the Eternal. 
 
 Wherefore praying, That her Influences may- 
 prove propitious to thee, whiift thou art en the 
 Oce*n, I bid thee adieu. 
 
 Paris, 23^. of the 6th Mton t 
 of the Tmr 
 
 The End of the Second Book, 
 
 E T%
 
 2,0 1 
 
 Writ by 
 
 A SPY at PARIS. 
 
 VOL. 111. 
 
 BOOK. III. 
 
 LETTER I. 
 
 70 Bedredin., Superior of the Convent of 
 Dervifes, at Cogni in Natolia. 
 
 NO T more welcome are the rich Per~ 
 fumes of 4rabit, to a Soul alrnoft ex- 
 expiring through Griefand Melancho- 
 ly, than is thy Letter to Mahmut, where- 
 in is contain'd theC<>r:ifoa!e of thy being yet on 
 this Side the Sta:e of Invifib'-t- . Methinks all 
 Nwe fiourifhes, while thou art alive And I 
 feel a Spirit within me, prompts me to prefage, 
 That thy Death, like the fall of Leaves in AV- 
 jumn, will prove the Hartixger of the Winds laft 
 Winter. U hilft thou liveft, thy Prayers and 
 Merits, fupport the drooping Eltmextf, which 
 
 are
 
 Vol. III. jSpY At PARIS. 
 
 are now almoft ready to fall, into their primi- 
 tive Chaos and Inactivity. The A* gel cf the 
 7'n.mte:, in Contemplation of thy Virtue, delays 
 to found the grand tiemtndoui B /<*/?; which, at 
 an Inftant, (hall puff out the Light of the Sun, 
 Moon and Stars, and blow the Breath out of the 
 Noftrils of all the living Generations. That 
 Day lhall be a Cay of Darknefs, Horror and 
 Silence, 'till the Hour of fr**ftigr*titn comes ; 
 When at the feeond Elan the Firmament fhall 
 rent afuader , like the opening of Curtains ; 
 this o'dWtrli fhall fly away like a Shadow, to 
 the Right Hand and to the Left. Then (hall 
 naked ivulr hang hovering in the ett/pty Space , 
 'twixt Partdije and Hell. The Thron; (hall be 
 placed, Judgment fhall be given : And, to vi d 
 up the M)ft riei of Fate, a new and immvttl 
 World fhall at a Moment fpring forth from the 
 Womb of Eternity, and pofiefs the Place of the 
 firmer. 
 
 I write not this to interne} thee, Venerable B*. 
 dridln, who art a Mine of Knswled^e : But to fa- 
 tisfy thee, that tho' I live amongft Injilels, yet I 
 conferve irrvtuUre the F*ith of my Fathers, be- 
 lieving the Book brought down from the eternal 
 ^rchivet. Thou feareft that I fhall turn Chriftian, 
 being accufed by fome, of Levity in my Opini- 
 ons ; by others of Prophanenefs and Atheifm ; 
 by all, of difcovering too favourable an Inclina- 
 tion to the Nazarenes. 
 
 Suffer me O My President of the Servants of 
 Qid, to purge my felf of thefe falfe Imputations 
 the Produft of Envy and Malice. Permit me to 
 lay at thy Jtcred Feet, a nodeft dgolcgy for my 
 Faith. 
 
 Let not that Defcription of the Ghfiflians MJJii< t 
 
 which I fent thee in my laft Letter, create in 
 
 thcc ari Opinion to my Dlfadvantage $ nor pre- 
 
 K <S vail
 
 ic-4 LETTERS Writ ty Vol. Ill, 
 
 vail en thee to think, I can ever fvverve from the 
 profound Attach, I owe to the Sent of Gcd. \ 
 honour >//, the Son of Mary ; and fo I do all 
 his Brttkreri) the Prophets in Partdije . This I am 
 r.Tught in the Alco an. Where is then my Crime ? 
 If 1 give Virtue its due Praile, even in the In- 
 fiielsi I am therefore a Nazareng ? If I fpeak with 
 Reverence and Modefty of Chrijiian Princes; 
 am not I therefore a Mvfrulman ? Or, does the 
 Book of Glory teach us Arrogance ? Surely my 
 Traducers will blufti, when they fliall confider, 
 that our augufl Empcren themfelves, (who are Ho. 
 vertigns of all the K-.ngt on Earth,) when they 
 vouch fafe to write to Chriflian Princes, they diftate 
 their Letters in a Style, full of Affeftion and 
 Regard They give them magnificent Title} at 
 the Beginning ; and at the Conclufion, they wifh 
 them Encreale of Felicity, both hire, and in Pa- 
 rad:fe f And would it become a Slave, to treat 
 crown d Headi with lefs Refpea, than does the 
 Mafler of the Univerfe ? if I have contracted 
 Friendfhip with fome of theChn'ftian Deri/ifes, it 
 was to ferve the Ends of the Jutlime Port, and 
 perform the Rites of Gratitude I thought it no- 
 Crime, to receive a Kindnefs from any Man ^ or 
 to return it, without examining his Rc/ighn. But 
 perhaps they fufpeft the Intimacies I had with 
 Cardinal Richlicu, and ftill have with his Suc- 
 cefibr Mazarini. Reft afTured, O holy Dgrvi'ft, 
 that my Accefs to thefe Princes of the Reman 
 Church, is fo far from being criminal, that with- 
 out it I never had been capable- of penetra. 
 ting into the Counfefs of the Infidels, nor of do- 
 ing any ffe&ual Service to the Grand Signior. 
 The Countenance which my Familiarity with 
 thefe two great Mini/ten affords me, has all along 
 facilitated my Defigns: And, whilft under their 
 Umbrage, I am taken for a zealous Chriflian - 
 
 tfc-
 
 Vol. III. 4 SPY at PARISH 
 
 I fecretly lay a Foundation, whereon, in due 
 time, fhall be built, even in the Heart of Chri~ 
 Jienetem, triumphal Arches, for the vi&orious 
 Muff'ulmant. 'Tis ftrange, methinks, that after 
 all this, I fhould be fufpe&ed ! That nctwith- 
 ftanding I have patiently endured nine Years 
 Confinement, to an obfcure and private Life; a. 
 melancholy Banifliment to a flrange Country; 
 yea, to a City for which I have a natural Aver- 
 fion ; a City the mofr. unclean, noify and vain, in 
 the whole Earth ; to be fliut up, for the fake of 
 avoiding Difcovery, in a Chamber fo narrow, 
 that Sufpicicn it felf; nay even Thought, the Mother 
 of that little Pajfi, would fweat and be fH. 
 fled, when once circumfcribed within thefe Walls ; 
 and after all this, to be made a Prifener of State, 
 on Jealoufy of being a Mabotxettn ; To abide, 
 that Punilhment fo many Moons unmord, un- 
 corrupted, and at length to be releafed, to the 
 Advantage of the Ottoman Intereft, and yet to be 
 traduced at home, for a Traytor to God, his Pro. 
 phef, and my Soverei'&n, has furely fomething in it 
 inconfiftent. 
 
 What is then my Crime ? Or, why am I thus 
 afpers'd ? Let my Slanderers hereafter be fi- 
 lent. Unlefs they will lay it to my Charge, 
 That in fome of my Letters I have difcover'd a 
 Mind free from Superftition ; That I put a high 
 Value on Reafon, and have no low Efteem for 
 fome of the ancient Philosophers that I endea- 
 vour to guard my Senfe, and will not fuffer it to 
 be muzzled with the Impofitions of Ignorance 
 and Prejudice ; that I do not think it a neceffary 
 Qualification of a Mujfulman , to purfue with 
 inexorable Hatred , all Men that differ from 
 me in Opinion. In fine, That in all my Con- 
 Verfation, I ftrive to comport my felf, as one 
 who aflerts the Unity of the Divine Efence , the 
 
 Ptttrttiy
 
 io6 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. Ill . 
 
 Plurality of his Prophets, the det'.rtnina e Number 
 of the /*# ; and who is refolved and prepared, 
 rather to die aThoufand Deaths, than voluntari- 
 ly to commit an Impiety againft thefe Principle', 
 or the Iu:erefl of the G-and ^ignio'-, who has a 
 Right to command all Mank:sl If thei'e be 
 Crimes, I rnuft own my fe]f culpable : If not, let 
 my Accufers Jay their Hand upon their Mouth. 
 And continue thou, [agt D.ti.r of our holy Law, 
 to inrtrucl: me with thy Counfels, to a Hi ft ms 
 with thy Prayers, and to protect we with thy 
 Friendfhip Then fhall Mahmut perfevere a t ue 
 Believer, a faithful Staw to the O/n Empe or, 
 and a devout Admirer of thy Longevity and Vir- 
 tue. 
 
 I fhould fear this might be the laft Letter I 
 fhoul.i have the Honour to fend thee, were I not 
 convinced by fame near Examples, that eld 
 Age, was m t reft'ain'd to the Times before the 
 flood Though thou haft far out-palVd the ordi- 
 nary Years of Men, ytt there is at this time, not 
 far from P* is, a Alan who has near doubled 
 thy Age He is an H ami:, living on a Hill, 
 where all things neceflary for Human Sufte- 
 nance ieem to be wanting The VValb of his Houfe 
 are built of Mud, with his own Hands. ( a weak 
 Defence againft Wind and Rains ) His Bed is- 
 tompofed of Leaves of Trees. A Stone ferves 
 him for his Pillow. His Diet confifts of fuch 
 Herbs and Fruits, as that Mountain affords him. 
 A neighbouring Well allays his Thirft. He has 
 dwelt in this Place, and in this manner, Eighty 
 three Years, after he had travelled moft Parts of 
 Europe and rft* Ask him by what Means he 
 prefer ved his Life foJong, he anfwers, By living 
 free frtm C*re, and by being indifferent to a. I 
 Things. He foretels Things to come with mar- 
 VeUous Succefs , as ha? often been obferv'd ; 
 
 which
 
 Vol. III. a SPY At PARIS* 207 
 
 which makes the People efteem him a Pro. 
 fhet. 
 
 The finch tell me of another who lived lon- 
 ger than he, being Three hundred fixty and one- 
 Years old when he died. He was calJ'd, "John of 
 the Time-, in regard he liv'd from the R'ign of 
 Charlet the Great, to that of the Emperor Cvnradt. 
 And being ask'd what Diet he ufed, his Anfwer 
 was, Honey within, and Oil vithout. 
 
 This comforts me with the Hopes of feeing 
 thee on Earth, tho' many Years hence .- Since no- 
 Man can exceed thee in Abftinencev Sobriety, and 
 the Calmnefs of thy Mind 
 
 The great du'bor of Life fo grant That if I may 
 not enjoy this Felicity here yet I may not. by a- 
 ny enormous Crimes, merit to be excluded thy 
 Society in Paradife. 
 
 Paris, nt b of the jth Me<m, 
 of the Year 1647. 
 
 LETTER. II. 
 
 To Murat BafTa. 
 
 '"T~ T H E F'tnck are puffed up with the late De- 
 J[ feat they gave the Spantjh Fleet in Sight of 
 Maples. Their Joy would know no Bounds, were 
 it not curb'd by the Lofs of the Duke of Breze, 
 who was flain by a Canon Bullet in this naval 
 Combat. 
 
 The young Prince of Cor.de has been alfo for. 
 ced to withdraw his Army from before Len'da, 
 that Place being ever fatal to the French. This 
 has leflen'd the Difgrace which the Count of 
 liwcmt received the laft Campaign, in not 
 
 being
 
 io8 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 being able to carry that Town, after fix Moent 
 Siege. 
 
 But the News from the Levant has elated all 
 the rnnki beyond Meaiure: Yet, I hope, the Re- 
 lations that are fcatter'd abroad on that Subject, 
 are rather an Effect of theirWjfl-.es, than of any 
 real S'uccefs againft the invincible OJtaant. 
 
 It is reported, That there have been two Sen 
 Fights between our Fleets and the Venetians ; that 
 in the former, ->e loft two thoufand Men, feven 
 Gal.eys, and a Bafa ; that in the latter, the Ytne. 
 tian> took forty GaUiet, fix Coramufals, and fifty 
 Stfyues, laden with Men and Ammunition for the 
 Relief of our Army in Candy 
 
 The Honour of this laft Victory, is afcribed to 
 the Valour and Conduct of Bernard Marrfwi, and 
 Gsneral Gnrntni ; Berna-d fucceeded his Brother 
 Tktmat Uorojini, who was kill'd, as they fay, in 
 thefirft B.-ttel. 
 
 The Chriftiant every where exprefs great Joy 
 for thefe Victories. The open Streets are fill'd 
 with Tables, cover'd with all manner of Dain- 
 ties, at the publick Coft. They feaft and revel 
 Night and Day. The Bells ring continually, 
 and Bonfires are made, to celebrate the Triumph 
 of the Nazarenes. They prefage to themfelves, 
 the Conqueft of the Otiotaatt Empire, and eternal 
 Vi Series 
 
 From D*Imatia, the PcJ}, bring daily News of 
 our LofTes and Difgraces. It is known here, That 
 the Caftles of Xtmonido, Novigradt, Nadin, Ctritt 
 and all the Place, of Strength which we had in our 
 PoiTefllon, except Cli/*, are taken by the fixe, 
 tians 
 
 They laugh at our Siege of Sebtnico, where we 
 loft two thoufand Men and at length were forc'd 
 tojeave our Camp to the Chnjtians, our General 
 being frighted away by a few Women. 
 
 Is
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS- 209 
 
 It feems Orange and ominous to me, Thatthofe 
 Arms which have formerly crufh'd the greateftr 
 Monarches to pieces, and have changed the Face 
 of the who'e Harth, fhould now be foi] d by a few 
 Dflperacta j .' j dare be thus far a Prophet, that ei- 
 ther the Soldieis are difgufted, which will pro* 
 duce a Revolution, or the mighty Empire of the 
 Ofman- is in ks Decline, which Ged avert. 
 
 The Cbrifliam, (who are not ignorant of our 
 Affairs, nor of the very Secrets of the Seraglio) 
 by an odd kind of Charity, pray for the long 
 Life of Sultan Ibrahim : For, they fay, our Armies 
 muft needs mifcarry during his Reign ; moft of 
 thi Officers, being offended at his licentious Life, 
 and cruel Aftions. Befides, they tax him with 
 Profufenefs, in that he has not fpared the private 
 Treafury of Gold, which, by the Frugality of 
 his Prtde:e$"s, had been hespe.l together; and, 
 which it was not counted lawful for them to 
 touch, unlefs in the utmoft Peril of the Emfire. 
 They fay, That by the Additions which Suttan 
 dmt' a; had made, this Treafure was augmented 
 to above Thirty Millions of Statins . But that 
 our prefent Emperor has fquander'd moft of it a- 
 way on his Pleafure. They compare him to Ht- 
 HO**II*/KS, the moft efFeminate Prince that ever 
 reign' d ; praiilng, at the fame time, the Magna- 
 nimity and Valour of Sultan Amu,r*t ; who, they 
 fay, was the ftoutefi: Man on Earth They high- 
 ly applaud his Bravery at the Siege of BjbjUn, 
 when he accepted the Challenge of the /*<?_/?. 
 Soldier; and entring into a (1 gle Combat with, 
 the unhappy Redketd, at one Blow, with his s- 
 b r e, cleft him (though in ~s/rmcu-) to the mid- 
 dle. In Memorial whereof, thou knoweiV, that 
 slrmaiir hangs to this Day in the Hiz,<>da In fine, 
 they extol his'Juftice: Whereof he gave a re- 
 markable Inftance, in punching a certain #<?<, 
 
 who
 
 a i o LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 who had cheated a Pilgrim of his "jeveJi : Thou 
 remembreft that PafTage And the Stone Mortar, 
 wherein that miferable Wretch wa: pounded alive 
 by his own Sitittntt, is yet ra be feen at the Gate 
 of the Div.m, a Monument of his Villany, and 
 the Sultan's Juftice. 
 
 Thefe Things are not unknown in the W.ft ; 
 for the Naztrenei have their Intelligences in the 
 Imperial City Hence they derive Occafions to 
 cenfure or praife the Aftions of o-jr tuguft Empe- 
 rers, vrho are ComftnttHf of the 5, and Brothers 
 of the Stars. 
 
 What I have faid, I truft to thy Integrity : 
 Whereof I have had Experience. Thofe who 
 degenerate from that Virtue, may their Souls 
 find no more Reft in the tther World than a 
 Frencb.Mans Hat has in tbif, which is always in 
 Motion. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, i fib tf the %th Mwn, 
 of the Ti*r 1647. 
 
 LETTER III. 
 
 To Mahomet Techli, Baffa of ofnia 3 at 
 his Camp in Dalmatia. 
 
 THOU art a fit Man to lead the 
 Armies, who durft not hold up thy Head 
 againft a few Women : Perhaps thy Mother's 
 Milk hangs yet on thy Chin ; tlnu art wean'd from 
 the Difcipline of the Nuncry . Was the ftrong Fr~ 
 ir?,s of Seletnico of fo fmall a Price, that thou 
 fhouldft bafely decamp from before it, becaufe a 
 few Females appear'd on the Walls ? Is this the 
 
 way
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS, in 
 
 way to aggrandize thy Mafter? What will the 
 Chnfliam fay to this Cowardice ? Nay, what d<* 
 they not fay already ? The News of that Siege 
 had reach'd all Parts of Europe; the Nazannet 
 were big with Expectation of the Event. Now 
 they know it, they laugh bo;h at thee, and at all 
 the Mujftlwans. Thou haft brought a Diigrace on 
 the meft exalted Empire in the H-'o> Id. 
 
 What if thou didft lofe Two- thoufand Men be- 
 fore the Walls of that Fort ? Is that a fufficient 
 J unification of thy railing the Siege ? Our glori- 
 ous Sultam do not ufe to win Cities and Caftles 
 without Blcod ? Neither do they fparc to facrifice 
 the heft part of their Army to the Honour of their 
 Arms, whilft our indefatigable Soldiers have 
 mounted on Heaps of flaughter'd Spthfs, and 
 fcaled the Battlements of their Enemies. Where, 
 as thou wert afraid of a few Stones, that the; 
 Women hurl'd on thy Men from the Walls : 
 Thou art more effeminate than S*rdan*pa J Hi ! It 
 were fitter for thee to handle the Diftaff, and fpin 
 for thy Bread, than to draw a Sword in the Field 
 of Honour, ft is a wonder thy awn Soldiers do 
 not abandon thee being aiham'd to ferve under 
 fo weak a Commander. 
 
 I counfel thee, fpeedily to recover thy loflr 
 Reputation, by fome notable Service. Let net 
 Perils affright thee ; but remember, That true 
 Fortitude furmounts all Difficulties ; and that thou 
 can' ft not pafs into the Ttmpl- of Honour, but 
 through that of Vi*t*e. It is not my part to pro- 
 ject for thee: The whole Country is before 
 thee : Thou knoweft, or at leaft oughte!t to 
 know, the Motions and Strength of thy Enemies. 
 Do fomething fpeedily, that ihall fpeak thee wife 
 and valiant. Thou hadft better lofe thy Life fo, 
 than by a &>y-Stri?\<, 
 
 Take
 
 LETTERS writ /y Vol. III. 
 
 . 
 
 Take this Advice as a Mark of my Friendfhip, 
 for Mahnut ufes not fo frankly to reprove thole 
 whom he efteems his Enemies. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, <i$:b of tfa 8tb Mton t 
 tj the Tsar 1 647. 
 
 LETTER IV. 
 
 To Achmec Baflk. 
 
 NO T long ago arrived here a Ctvrier from < 
 Swedeland, bringing Letters from Queen; 
 Cknjlina and Monjltur ^hanut^ theFrenth Rejiden; at 
 Stockholm. 
 
 Among other Matters, they give an Account, 
 That on the twenty fevcnth Day of the feventh 
 Moon t that great Princ.efs had like to have been 
 jftabb d in the midft of her Guards, furrounded 
 v-ith her Cr tiers , before the Altar of her God 
 at an Hour when all the S'ukjetti of that Kingdom 
 were on their Knees, to render Htaven propitious 
 to her and the puelick. 
 
 That Day there \vas a Faft prodaim'd through 
 all Sv>edeli*nd ; and he was efteem'd no gcod Svb, 
 jc&, who did not repair to the fublick Solemnities. 
 The Queen, to give an Example, went at the 
 third Hour of the Day to the A7a/j* of her Palace, 
 attended by the great Cffi.en of State, and a nu- 
 merous Train of the liability. When the Pseacker 
 (as is the Cuftom) had made an end of fpeaking, 
 all that were prefent fell on their Knees, ro per- 
 form the appointed Devotion). But it being the 
 Fa ft, ion of the Nazarene* to utter fome fecret pre- 
 parative Oraiftn.', the Men cover'd their Faces 
 with their Hats, to be more recollefted, 
 
 While
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 113 
 
 While all Eyes were thus veil'd, a certain Pel- 
 low fnatching the Opportunity, fleps from his 
 Place, and, without making any great Noife, by 
 large Strides, advances unfeen to the Rails which 
 enclofe the Pavtmfnt next to the <*ltr t where the 
 Qzeen was on her Knees. But In leaping over, he 
 was perceived by a certain Kableman, who imme- 
 diately cry'd out to the Guardt, to [ftp '.kg s?jf*jjix, 
 They crofs'd their Partifans, but the VJlain hurl'd 
 them one againfl another with fo great Violence, 
 that while they were flriving to recover their en- 
 tangled Weapons, he got quite through them. At 
 which time, the Queen alfo railing her felf up at 
 the Noife, puth'd t\\QCa}t*ln of her Guard', who 
 kneeled befide her. He darting from his Place, 
 leap'd between the Queen and the Murderer , who 
 was now within two Paces of her. He feizes the 
 "Wretch ; ; and, upon immediate Search, they 
 found two long fliarp pointed Knives about him, 
 without Sheaths ; one In his Bofom, the other in 
 his Pocket. The Prifon being in the Caftle or 
 Palace of the Queen, under her very Apartment, 
 fiie was not wi.ling he fhou'd be carried thither, 
 but order d him to be re-condufted to his own 
 Chamber, which was in the College of Stockholm, 
 he being an Ecclejiajitck of the faid College; com- 
 manding alfo a good. Guard to be fet over him, 
 which was perform' d accordingly. 
 
 As fooa as the Wretch faw himfelf in his Cham- 
 ber, he faid aloud, That vhtn he vent out in the 
 Nsrnii,g, he little thought / ever returning agai'a, 
 having undertaken a siftitv, iv dtittg (f which be 
 txpcft d to life hi i Life. 
 
 They ufed all Diligence imaginable in difcover- 
 ing the Authors of this intended Murder ; but could 
 learn nothing more, Than that 'this Fellow was a 
 Lunatick, whom at certain Seafon: an unaccounta- 
 ble Fury fpurred onto many Extravagancies. 
 
 Ycc
 
 H4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Yet feme fufpeft, that he was hired by the Lu- 
 theran O.e-fj to give this execrable BJov ; who 
 were apprchenfive, That the guan heark'ning too 
 much to the Infinuations of her Tutor, who was a 
 Cihitrift, would innovate the efltblijtfd Religion 
 of the Country. 
 
 If this be a well-grounded Sufplcion.it follows 
 at thebeft, that Religion whick ou^ht to correft 
 the Wo-/;of Men, and have an Inluence in re- 
 draining their exorbitant Paffions, i s become the 
 Corrupter of their Manners, and the Fomenter of 
 the molt enormous Crimes. But this is common 
 among the Chriftiani, who being divided into in- 
 numerable Partio, diftinguilh'd by as many feve- 
 ral Names ; yet each SeS is fo fure that their Way 
 is the only right p a >k to Salvatim, that they fpare 
 for neither Murders, Sacrileges, nor Treafons, to 
 profe'yte the reft to their Opinion, being unwil- 
 ling that any Ihould Jive, who are not of the fame 
 Miud with them. 
 
 The King of Prance, and the Quten R^,',receiv'd 
 the News of gaeot Chrtftiva's DeKvery from this 
 delign d Bldw,with much Joy ; the Interefts of both 
 Crowns being at this time clofely intermingled. 
 
 I can inform thee of nothing more remarkable 
 at prefenr, fave, that certain Letters are intercept- 
 ed, which the Duke of'Bavarf* had written to 
 the Duke of Winewhrg, and the Elector of C-. 
 logne: The Contents of which difcover, That ths 
 Duke of Bavaria is not far from a Reconciliation 
 with the EtHfertr- and that, in the meantime, 
 he rnly waitsthe Event of Things, to direct him 
 an the Choice of his Pany. 
 
 ' ^confirm thee in thy Integrity, That thoa 
 may it never waver or fwerve from the Service 
 and Duty thou oweft the G^nd Signitr 
 Paris, 28rh cf the yh M.o*, 
 ff tiit Tear 1^47. 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 2,15- 
 
 LETTER V. 
 
 "to Cara Hali, a, Phyfician at Con- 
 ftantinople. 
 
 THOU haft heap'd many Favours on me ; 
 yec I have never had an Opportunity of 
 making the leaft Acknowledgement. Accept now 
 -a /?*// Prefent from Makmut's Hands, who being 
 not Matter of Wealth, can make no great ones, t 
 fend thee neither Silver, Gold, nor Jewels, which 
 the infatiable Avarice of Mortals, has violently 
 torn from the Bowels of their caramon Mother. 
 Neither fhalt thou receive from me any of the 
 more familiar Produfts of the Earth, fuch as 
 grow on her Surface. Expeft no choice Fruits, or 
 Wine, or Oil; nor any thing framed by the Art 
 of Man, whether for Delight, or Ufe. What I 
 fend thee is the Dtv of Heaven, a certain ^/- 
 tfJfcMce of the Element, an ^Ethereal Spirit, firft 
 condensed into a Vapour, then into a more liquid 
 Subftance, and afterwards congealed into a Gum. 
 It is the celebrated Manna of ^alabri. 
 
 . Adwai the Jew fent it to me out of It*lj as 
 a Rarity. I knew, not whom fo properly to 
 oblige with this prefent, as the Studious of - 
 tu<-a! Things, Hli the fage Phyfician, and my 
 Friend 
 
 The Pbiltftpktr jverroes, our Country man, has 
 written much of this excellent Subftance. He 
 calls it, The Fcd of the diry Angels and fays, 
 The young Raven.' crying in their Nefts, are nou- 
 rifli a by this heavenly Diet, when the old ones 
 forfake them : And that the Chamelitnt feek no 
 -ochcr Repaft during their Lives, but the invifi 
 tie Manna, that every where floats in the Morn- 
 ing
 
 a,i6 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 ing Air. He holds it pofuble, That a Man, after 
 he has pafi'd his great cl<'n?afler, may live without 
 any other Suftenance fave what he receives from 
 this kea-ueniy Dittillatien ; that he may thus pro- 
 long his Life for the Space of feven Years, 'which 
 will complete the appo nted Age of Mortals. 
 jV.any of the fublimely inftrucied among the 
 ^ abiani, are of the lame Opinion; fa are not a 
 .few of the Hekrev Rabbi's : But the Chn'Jiianr, 
 "who are Gluttons, laugh at this Doftrine as-ridi- 
 culous and impracticable, forgetting at the lame 
 'time what they read in their Bible, (which they 
 pretend is the Rule of their Faith) that the Ifrae- 
 iitcs had nothing elfc to feed on for a conlidera- 
 Ve'Time in the Defart, when they were alir.ofl 
 Eight hundred thoufand Souls, and the greateft 
 part of them in their full Strength, Men of Arms, 
 .and inur'dto the Toils of War. 
 
 -Certainly it were a deilrable Thing, That this 
 divine Largos were diftributed to all the Regions 
 en Earth. But God fends his Blefllngs to whom, 
 -end when he pleafes. 'Tis he th--.t direfteth the 
 Clouds when they move through the Air, and 
 reft not till they arrive at barren and dry Places, 
 where they pour forth their Water , to refrefh the 
 Earth, and render it fruitful. God! There is but 
 one Ged, Lord of the War Id ! Thefe are Signs of 
 his Unity to true Believers, but ^he increduloui have 
 harden'd their Hearts. 
 
 It is recorded, That in former Times, the 
 Ground whereon this Mtfdefcended, belong'd 
 to a certain Nobleman of the Country , who, cove- 
 tous cf the uaufual Eli fling, undertook to enclofe 
 I'll that Land within a high Wall, to the end that 
 fo rare a Gift might not be made common to eve- 
 ry one But, as fcon as the Workmen had be- 
 gun to lay the Foundation cf this Enclofure, the 
 Manna ceas'd to fall, and fo continued; as lone as 
 
 they
 
 Vol. III. a. SPY at PARIS, it 7 
 
 they proceeded in that envious Work. Which 
 when the Lord of the Ground was made fenlibie 
 of, he commanded the Workmen to defift, fay. 
 ing withal, The Almigty givts, and the Almighty 
 lakes avay. Hen (forward, I will not feck to re, 
 Jlrain the free Gift o/ Heaven. Upon which, the 
 Manna defcended daily, as before, and fohas con- 
 tinued to do ever fince. Doubdefs, this is a Sign 
 of God s Omnipotence. 
 
 It" thou wilt permit me to play the Pk!!efopher t 
 I will tell thee my Opinion, why this Mann* is 
 'feen rather in the Kingdom of Naples, than in any 
 other Regicn of the Earth 
 
 Ir is well known, That the Earth of this Coun- 
 try abounds with Veins of Sulphur, which are 
 diffufed up and down through all Parts, and heat 
 the Soil to an extraordinary Degree. Hence it 
 follows, That the lower Regitn of the Air, in 'this 
 Country, muft needs acquire a greater Degree 
 of Heat and Drynefs alib, being perpetually rati- 
 fied by the fiery dtomet t which every where tran- 
 fpire through the Pores of the Earth, as from a 
 Furnace. 
 
 This being fo, it is not hard to conceive, 
 That the Vapours which are exhaled by the Sun 
 Into the upper Region, in the Heat of a Summer $ 
 Day, and there become impregnated by the 
 jEtkereal Spirit, (which remains pure and un- 
 cleath'd in thofe ferener Trafts, and confequent- 
 ]y, is apt to incorporate with any proper Vehi- 
 cle,) naturally defcend again in the Cool of the 
 Night ; but not meeting with a congeneous 
 Body of Vapours in the tower Region, that Air, 
 being over purify 'd, and grown defecate, through 
 the too near Neighbourhood of the burning 
 Soil ; fo that they cannot diffufe themfelves 
 through the Air for the want of a fit Medium, they 
 confuting of homogentm Parts, and following 
 L . tfe
 
 a, 1 8 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 the natural Pofition of the Element , and the Lavs 
 of O-v:fj ; contract themfelvcs into little globular 
 Forms, the lower they defcend ; thus fettling on 
 the Leaves of Trees, on the Grafs and Herbs, on 
 Srones, and any part of the Earth, appearing like 
 Grains of tranfyarent Gum. 
 
 Hence alfo I conceive, That the fame Manna, 
 (which is nothing elfe but an M'-iotreul Spirit, em- 
 bodied in light and dulcied VapoursJ abounds in 
 the Air of moft Countries, but remains invifible, 
 .rarely lb far ccndenfed, as to fettle in a grofs Bo- 
 dy on the Ground, becaufe the Air of thofe Re- 
 gions is not fo rarify'd as is that of Calabria, ha- 
 ving no fuch fitkterranean Fires to drink the Va- 
 pours up ; but being moift and thick, the defcend- 
 ing Manna, inftead of contracting it felt into glo- 
 bular Bodies, and through its Weight finking to 
 the Earth, dilates it felf, and incorporates with the 
 floating Vapours; Juft as if you pour Drops of 
 Water into a Veflel full of the fame Element 
 thofe Drops do not fink to the Bottom, but find- 
 ing an homogeneous Body, they mix with it, and, 
 are difperfed every way; whereas, if there be no- 
 t'ling in the way to ilcp them, they immediately 
 fall to the Ground. 
 
 ,B.ut I fhall tire thee with my Phihfohy forgetting 
 that 1 fpeak to a Man confummate in all Scitncei. 
 sfjonai reJates many remarkable Paflages of this 
 -Country, too tedious fcr a Letter. I will only tell 
 thee in ihort, That the Kingdom of Naples isefteem- 
 ed one r f the moft deleftable Region.- on Earth, the 
 Trees flouriftiag twice a Year and the Soil a- 
 boundinii; to Prodigality with Corn, Wine, Oil 
 aad Fruits, and all diings neceflary for the Life of 
 Man Yet the Inhabitants have this Proved com- 
 riong them ; Tke Kingdom of Naples is * Pa r *d'fe 
 tf D(!ightt, but it is inhabited wirh Dcvili : So 
 corrupted are the Manners of the People, 
 
 Adieu,
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PAIUS. 'xi? 
 
 Adieu, dear Mali, and think not Mahtnut tedi- 
 ous in his Letters, who has no other way, at this 
 difrance, to converfe with his Friends. 
 
 Paris; i$tb of the loth Mton, 
 of the Tear 1647. 
 
 LETTER V-L 
 To Kerker Ha {fen Bafta. 
 
 \K THEN this Dtftatck ft all come to thy 
 VV Hands, be allured, That Mabmut thy 
 Co-untry-man, and Slave to the Slaves of the 
 G'and signior, wifhes thee Multiplicity of Hap- 
 pjnefs I have many Reafons to honour thee, be- 
 iides the natural Aife&ioo, which is, or ought 
 to be, between thofe who were born in the fame 
 ~Rfgln. The many Favpnrs fhou haft done me, 
 far exceeded the Obligation which antes from the 
 Vicinity of our Birth ; though that wa* fo near 
 that a ftrong Man would have meafured the DI- 
 ftancre with one Flight of an Arrow. 
 
 The Prefent of Kapha , for which I return'd 
 thee Thanks in my laft, has wrought wonderful 
 I-ffefts on me, 'being a perfeft Cure of the M- 
 Jancholly, to which I was before fubjeft. It has 
 Treed me from many Diftempers ; and I owe t'-e 
 prefent Eafe and Checrfulnefs I emjoy to this 
 generous Gifc. 
 
 Methinks, while I am drinking this excellent 
 'Liquor. I am at Cnnjlantinaple, converfing wich 
 my Friends. It revives in me the Gtnins of 4fi*; 
 and fo advantageoufly transforms the Ideas of 
 Things which J fee, that the Cro/*/ 0.1 the Tops 
 
 L * of
 
 ,210 LETTERS Writ fy Vol. III. 
 
 of the Chrifiian Temples, appear to me as Hlf. 
 Moons ; and my Imagination prefents to me Tur, 
 bunts --inftea'd of Hats, as Men walk along the 
 ' Streets of Paris, 
 
 Doubtlefs, great is the Force of what we eat 
 or drink, which has occafion'd all wife Law-giver , 
 . among other Sanctions, to prefcribe certain Rules 
 of Diet: And the Care of our htly Prophet has 
 been exquifite in this Point, his Prohibitions ex- 
 tending to all unclean Meats and Drinks, fince 
 they deprave the Conflitutions of Men, and en- 
 clinethemto Vice. But, by his own Example, 
 /fie recommended to us the Ufe of this admira- 
 ble Berry ; -impofing a new Name on the Trie 
 that bears it, whence called it, the Tree of Puri- 
 fication. , Hence it is, That all the Mujfultnans 
 affecl to partake of the ftnttified Benefit, it being 
 the univerfal Beverage of the Ofman Empire. 
 Were the Virtues of it known in thefe-Wcftrn 
 Parts, it would match, if not fupplant, the Cre- 
 dit of their Wines, fince it equally refre fb.es the 
 Spirits, without intoxicating the Brain, 
 
 I know not whether thou haft feen Pcflcli-hali t 
 my Brother, 'fince thy Return from Artbi* : Or, 
 - -whether thou hair, heard the News he brought 
 \vith him out of the <*/?. He has furvey'd the /- 
 aict, Tarrjtry, China, Tttnejuin, Perfia, and other 
 Rfgfcti', whofe Nanies are hardly known in fonie 
 Parts of the Ottoman Entire. Indeed, we have 
 formerly had but an odd Idea of thofe remote 
 Countries ; but efpecially China has been hid from 
 :the greateft Part of the Earth. 
 
 In my earlier Years, I have heard Men of Gra- 
 vity, who would be taken for knowing Perfons, 
 f; y, That China was but a tributary Province of 
 fhe T*nars, a contemptible Corner of /ia, and 
 fo barren, as it could hardly afford Suftenance 
 for its Inhabitants, which is a Sign it is well 
 
 Peopled.
 
 Vol. III. aSpY*/ PARIS, irr 
 
 Peopl'd. Afiuredly our Fathers were ignorant oi' 
 this Ctuntry, which after the perpetual Monarchy 
 of the Qfmam, may be efteem'd thefeeond Empire 
 Cn *r;h. 
 
 My Brother fays, Ic contains Sixteen Prwirt- 
 tf- 1 , each as large as a Kir.gdjm -. And, That all 
 together they fill up a Traft of Ground as big as 
 Europe, vifi'ch, thou knoweft, is one of the Four 
 Quwteri of the World: And that this vaft Domi- 
 nion contains above a Hundred Millions of Inha- 
 bitants. 
 
 The Emperor who reign'd when Pefleli-'hl; was - 
 there, was call'd 9uchia, a young Prince, not 
 above Thirty Years of Age j in whofe Veins ran 
 the B/W of Sixteen Emperors, his Progenitors. 
 
 In the Year 1640, two great Officers in his 
 Army, having drawn to their Party an innumey 
 Aibfe Company of the Soldiers, and being encou- 
 raged by Tome Grandees 'at the Court, made a Re- 
 Volt. The Names of thefe Rebels were Lycuttg^ 
 and ^kavgicn. They loon became Matters of Five- 
 Provinces-. But, quarrelling about their Shares, 
 Lycungz caufed his Allbciate to be poifon'd ; and 
 ^aking on hirhlelf the fole Command of the R<- 
 tclr, war proclaim'd by them, Emperor of China. 
 After which, he'march'd direlly with his whole 
 Forces agarnfl .Petjuin, a City where the Emperor 
 kept his Coxr: : Knowing that tf-e Conqueft of 
 this Place wou.'d fecure to Mm all the remaining 
 Province! of the Empire. 
 
 The Cblnefe are rep.uted a moft ingenious Peo- 
 ple excelling in all manner of metbanick Inven- 
 tions, and the bold eft drchite&t in the World. 
 They build Bridges from one Mountain to ano- 
 ther, to Ihortcn the Travellers Journey o'er the 
 Plain between them, and raife Towers almofc 
 up to the Clouds Some of their Cities are 
 faid to be. near Thirty Leagues in Ccmpafs, ha- 
 L 3 virg.
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. 111. 
 
 ing double VValJs and Ditches. And, my Brother 
 fays, That Pcquin wants not much of this fcitent : 
 And, That the Palace of the Emperor is near a 
 League in Circuit, environ'd by three Walls, 
 and as many Moars, befides Bulwarks, and other 
 Fortifications. He adds, That this mighty City 
 and Palate, is guarded by an Hundred thoufand 
 Soldiers. 
 
 This impregnable Place the Rtbeh took by Stra- 
 tagem, v.'hich was able to have refitted all the 
 Force of dfia. Ljcwgz held a private Correfpon- 
 dence with feveral Grandees within the Town and 
 Palace By whofe Connivance he fent great 
 Numbers of the fiouteft Men in his Army, dif- 
 guifed in the Habit of Merchant], who^lodging 
 themfelves in divers Quarters o-f the City, on a 
 Day appointed, fuddenly appeared in Arms; and 
 furpnzing the Guards who defended the Gates, 
 ilew them all, and open'd the Gates to the 
 Rebel'. 
 
 Who can exprefs the Confufion and Slaughter 
 that filled all Parts of the City with Mourning 
 and Blood? The barbarous Conqueror facrifkei 
 all the Loyal and Brave to his unpardonable 
 Ambition ; difarmM thole who efcaped the firrt 
 jVTafTacre ; and having made himfelf abfolute 
 A-Iafter of the Citjr, lays a cloie Siege to the 1m. 
 pert'*} Palace. 
 
 The Emperor now finding that he was betray'd, 
 and that it was too late to defend himfelf from 
 the cruel Perfecution and Ir.fult of the Tray- 
 tors, takes Advantage of the fliort Refinance 
 which feme of his faithful Servants made, to 
 confult his own Honour, with that of the Ewprfj't 
 and his Daughter. He had above Three thou- 
 fand Wives, for whom he could not provide 
 in that Flood of Calamities , all his Care being 
 cmploy'd to prevent the laft Triumph of his 
 
 Enemies.
 
 Vol. III. a: SPY at PARIS. 113 
 
 Enemies, in not fuffering the Royal Blood to be 
 ilied by the prophane Hands of thofe Villains. He 
 enter 'd into the Gardens of the Palace, accompa- 
 nied only by his Ewprefi and Daughter, with three 
 faithful Eunuchs. The young Prince ft t (who was 
 a Lady educated in all the Cbinefe Learning) fee. 
 ing the great Afflifton of her Royal Parents, the 
 inevitable Ruine of her Family, and the univer- 
 fal Delblation fell on her Knees, and fpoke to 
 her Father, as follows : 
 
 A// Lord, 
 
 SINGE it is the Will 'of the immirtal God, 
 thus to extinguish the Luftre and Majefty 
 ofouf/&'*M Race, let their Decrees be fulfill'd,- 
 But Jet not me be a Spectator of my Parents 
 Fall, or furvive a Tragedy, at which the Earth in 
 elf muit tremble. Have this Compaflion on 
 my- tender Yea*s, and let tnefe Eyes be clofed, 
 before Death i'eal up yours, from which mine 
 borrow'd all their Light. Think not, becaufe 
 I am young^ I fear to die : I long to fee our 
 Kwdrid Goat, and represent the Fate of Chin*, 
 ib as to provoke their fpeedy Vengeance. Sure* 
 ly our dtfiled drifcjlors, at my Complaint, would 
 gather all the Thunder in the Heavem, and 
 ihower it down upon thefe ferjur'tt and uvg'at-- 
 ful Trayeors. Or elfe, they'd play the Chymifis, 
 and extract the moft envenom d Influence of the 
 the Stars, and dart the heavenly Poilbn on the Re- 
 bels, as they lie before thefe facred Walls, and 
 thus would put a Period to their curfed Treafon. 
 Make no Delay, my Royal Father, but try the - 
 Experiment ; releafe me from thefe Chains, 
 which hinder my Efcape to Paradife : And lee 
 
 * me be the Herald of fuch News, as ne'er before 
 
 *- forpriz'd the Blefs'd above. 
 
 .L 4 The-
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 The Emperor, mov'd with this pafTionate Ad* 
 drefs of his Daughter, drew a Dagger from hi s 
 Girdle, and therewith ftabb'd her to the Heart- 
 And then, ftruck with Remorfe at fo unnatura^ 
 a Deed, cover'd his Face with a Veil of Silk. 
 Thus Afting Jg**acnmoifs Part, when to fulfil the 
 Oracle, he facrifced his Daughter Ithtgcma. 
 
 After this, the Emprefs, over whelm' d with fo 
 many Sorrows, retired into a Grove, and hang'd 
 her felf with a /ilken Cord on a Tree. The Em. 
 fertr, feeing this mournful Speftacle, was relbl- 
 ved no longer to delay his own Death. Where- 
 fore following her Example, he difpatch'd him- 
 felf likewife by a String. But he firft bit a 
 Vein, and with his Blood writ the following: 
 Words : 
 
 * What is there now defiraMe on Earth, after I 
 am thus betray'd by my own Suhjefts ? I accufe 
 net the inferior People : They are innocent ! 
 Tis to the Mandarins I owe my fudden Fall, 
 with the Ruin of this mighty Empire. Behold 
 in me, the Royal Line extinft. I am the laft of 
 fixteen Emperor}. J, that was Lord of fo many 
 fpacious Rrgt'ctif, Gunrdian of the Bed-ckamher of 
 the Sun, fole Monarch of the Orient, Lieutenant 
 to the God; of the Mimt t PofTeiFor of infinite 
 Treafures, at whofe Name a hundred Millions, 
 of my Subjects touched the Ground with their 
 Foreheads am now read y to be trampled under 
 Foot by the baled of ny S!av?s. I^ut I will 
 -prevent my own Difgracc, and carry this maje- 
 ft ck Soul inviolate to my renown'd Fathers ; 
 whofe Vengeance, join'd with that of all the 
 Gtds, ft,a31 fall on the perfidious Manefannt, who 
 have betray'd both me and this exalted Stale to 
 Ruin.
 
 Vol. III. j S p Y "at P A'R is. 115: 
 
 A Narrative of thefe mournful PafTages was 
 printed in the Chinefe Language, fuppofed to be 
 done by the Order of the Emperor's Attendants* 
 who follow'd him into the Garden, and were 
 XVitnefies of what was laid and done. A Copy 
 of which my Brother procured to be tranflated 
 rnto Ambick, by a Mtrckant of our Nation who 
 underftood the .Chinefe Language, and rtfided in 
 Peqttin. 
 
 In fine, my Brother fays, That when he de- 
 parted from China, he left the Tyrant LycKn^x, in 
 roflefllon of tlie Emperor's Palace where he found 
 an Hundred Millions of Ingots in Gold and Sil- 
 ver, befides an ineftimable Treafury of Pearls 
 and precious Stones. All which Wealth had teen- 
 heap d together by the Frugality of the Chineje 
 Erxpsrors. 
 
 By this thou may'ft take an Eflimate of the 
 Grandeur and Strength of this formidable Mon- 
 *r;ky, of which we have had fuch contemptible 
 Notions. Neither (halt thou have Occafion to be 
 Jfurprized at the monftrous Rife and Fortune of 
 this Rebel, who in fo flxort a time was lifted to 
 rhe Height of Human Sovereignty, when thou 
 confrdereft, That all Things are fubject to Viclf- 
 fitude and Change. 
 
 That God, who eftablifiies whom he pleafes on 
 the Throne of the Earth, and, at the determinated 
 Periods of Empires, depofes fuch as truft in their 
 Strength and Riches, defend our Sovereign from 
 Tretfint, and from the Arrow that fly in 
 rity. 
 
 Paris, I yJ) of the n tb 
 of the T<ar 
 
 LET-
 
 LETTERS Writ by VoLllL 
 
 LETTER VII. 
 
 To Darnifh Mehemer, BafTa. 
 
 "\ 71 1 H AT Obligation have I to be concern*^ 
 V V for the hfidt Is ? Or , what Inrereft in the 
 I7nci*cnmcifed? Yet Nature has tied all our Race, 
 in feme common Bonds of Jfiffien; and H*m*nity 
 reaches us, to rejoice at tfie Deliverance of the 
 
 The Kingdom of N*?/.^ has long groan'd under 
 the Yoke of ^f /& Tyranny. The 1 Labour of the 
 People fufficed not to pay the unreafcmable Taxet 
 that were impofed on them. They fweat Blood 
 to become yet moreraiferable ; whilft their cruel 
 Matters having fleec'd them to Nakednefs, would 
 take Advantage of their Poverty, to rivet their 
 Chains yet deeper ; and render their Servitude paft 
 Redemption. 
 
 The People were fenfible of their Calamity, 
 yet knew not how to (hake off the Yoke. It had 
 gall'd thtm to the Nerves and Sinews ; their 
 Strength was gone. Defpair of Redrefsr had ren- 
 der'd them fupine, and took from them rhe very 
 Power of meditating their Recovery. But H-.a. 
 ven, which protects the opprelfed, has raifed up 
 a Ttuth from among the metmft of the People, to 
 atfert the publick Liberty . A Fijherman, who has 
 not feen Four and twenty Winters, has underta- 
 ken to reftore the ancient Privileges of the Nea- 
 politans. Who can penetrate into the Methods of 
 eternal D ftirj, whicfe makes ufe of fo contempti- 
 ble Inftruments, to check the Power of the great. 
 ell h'MHt^bi ? 
 
 This bol&Tuik, infpired with a Zeal for the 
 ) ran one.Dajunto the Streets, crying with 
 
 loud
 
 Vol. IIL a SPY At PARIS. 1x7 
 
 a loud Voice. Long live tht King of Spain, but I,-* 
 the corrupt Officers perijl). He had no other Weaf 
 pon, fave a R.eed in his Hand, but was loon f ol- 
 io w'd by a Multitude, of Boys and young Men,- 
 with Clubs and Staves, who went along the 
 Streets of that populous City, repeating the Cry 
 after him, Lang live the King of Spain, but tcf 
 the cerrupt Officers perijh. At firft, the Citizens 
 laugh'd at the Infant Tumult; but In lefs than 
 two Hours, this Ffiirman (whole Name was 
 Majfaniellt) had enrolled above t#o thoufaniT 
 Boys. 
 
 The next Day his Numbers encreafed, by the 
 Acceflion of all fort of Jowd and idle Perfons, 
 Mai Contents, Debtors, andfuch as weredeflrou* 
 of Novelty. Nay, fome of the better ibjt of 
 Citizens Ihut up their Shops, took Arms, and 
 mingled with the popular Infurreftion : So thac 
 e'er Mid-day, there were above ten thoufand Men 
 and Boys, marching along the Streets, and burn- 
 ing the Cuflom Houjet, with all their Bseh of Ac- 
 ccmpts, throughout the City. 
 
 When Mafia ni tile beheld himfelf at the Head of 
 fo vaft a Multitude, he thought it time to declare 
 the Realbn of his raiding this Tumult. Wherefore, 
 getting on an eminent Place in one of the Ml/-. 
 kttf, he fpake to his Followers to this Effeft : 
 
 Rejoice, O ye faithful Pecpk, nd fend up 
 tiont tt the God of Heaven, /& k*'.h this Day 
 fitt it inn jwr titarti and Hinds to be ysur own 
 Redeemtn. At for me, mj Spirit bti'tttth within 
 mt, to fee tke pttblick. Qpprrjpon ; *n4 I fet no P*~ 
 lue on m) L'ft, hen 1 fi-jt btg.m this ^/triou: Ea* 
 terpn'z,!. One of :he Princes thrtaten'd mi vfi'h 
 the Galleys, // / ptrfifted : tint btre are thinfzn.it 
 my Witmiffin, That inflead of fearing him, I frnotj 
 him in ft Brtft ) nd ftnt him *] j*}f*l) 'kat 
 L 6 he
 
 2,18 LETTERS Writ ly V 7 ci.III.. 
 
 he efcaped with his Life. O ye faitkf*! People, trtt/i 
 TO*, the Princes cr Nobles : Th*y are the Men -mho 
 opprefs you, and would tnJJave you. T<tift in your 
 Jlrms, wli the yuflice of your Canfe. God bar 
 brought you together ; let nothing fepasatc yen tiff 
 ytu have freed your Country } ycttr f elver, your 
 Wives and Children , from ferpeiual Servitude. 
 Cltufe ytu a Leader, Man tf Courage and Reftlu- 
 t'on, toht is wilting to facn'fce his Life for the 
 common Good, df for me, I have hitherto UtSd * 
 Filherman, and ft I intend to die. 
 
 The People, exceedingly mored with thi* 
 Sketch, chofe him with one Accord for their 
 Leader, crying out with loud Acclamations, Long 
 live Muffainello, tb: Patron of tfjt Neapolitan Li- 
 kcrtiet. 
 
 The flrft thing he did after he was confirmed in 
 this Authority, was to fet open the Prifons, and 
 lift the Prifoners under the Banner of the People. 
 Then he divided this confufed Army into Regi- 
 ments and Companies ; and fent forth a Proclama. 
 tit>n throughout N*ple<, commanding all to take 
 Anns, on pain of having their Houles burnt. So 
 that in a little Time he had above Fifty thoufand 
 arm'd Men at his Heels. 
 
 Thus accompanied, he marches direftly toward 
 the Piferty's Palace, vefted in Cloth of Silver, 
 with a naked Sword in his Hand. He was ac- 
 companied by a Cardinal, who undertook to be 
 a Mediator between the Viceroy and the People. 
 His Prefence reftrain'd the Multitude within 
 Ibme Bounds of Moderation, for they reverenced 
 him as the F*tb~.r of the City. Vet they burnt 
 above fixty Pa/aas of the NtHei to the Ground , 
 with all their Furniture and Goods ; and it was 
 prefent Death for any one to refcue or purloin 
 any thing from the Flames 5 fo rigoroufly jfl 
 
 was
 
 Vol. III. a SPY At PARIS. 119 
 
 was this new Law-giver, this Mofes of the Neapo- 
 littni. It '.was in vain for the Metro? to oppofe 
 Force again ft fo formidable an Infurreflton. He 
 entertain'd the young Ftjherman with Ceremo- 
 nies due to a Prince -. And having concluded a 
 Truce, gave him the Title of cki-f Tribune tf the 
 ftithfett People. This increafed the Veneration the 
 Citizens had already conceived for MaffianeHo : So 
 that in a Day or two more he law himfelf- at the 
 Head of an hundred and fifty thoufand armed 
 Men. He gave out all Orders for the Rtpublick, 
 publiftVd new Edi&s, and all Commiffions were 
 iilued in his Name. He procured the Gabdi to be 
 for ever abolifh'd, reftored the People to their an- 
 cient Liberty : And in fine, was murder'd by k his 
 own Followers. 
 
 Let me not leem an Advocate for Sedition, when 
 I tell thee there was fomething brave and heroick 
 in the Actions of this Tenth. So firange a Revolu- 
 tion, in fo fliort a Time, has fcarce been heard of 
 in the World : For a beardlefs Slave to raife him- 
 felf in fixty Days to as abfolute and uncontroulable 
 a Sovereignty, as the greateft Monarch on Earth 
 enjoys ; to be obey'd by an infinite Number of 
 People, without the leaft Hefitation or Demur, 
 were it for Life or Death ; and all this, without 
 any Motive of Ambition or Intereft, but only to 
 aflert the publick Liberty, is a convincing Argu- 
 ment of his Virtue ; and fhews, That lisaven ap- 
 proved his Enterprize. But then again, For him 
 to lofe all this Power in four Days more, to be 
 murder'djn cold Blood by his own Party, by the 
 People whofe Caufe he had fo fuccefsfully vindi- 
 cated ; this Ihews the Inftability of Human Af- 
 fairs, and that there is nothing permanent on this 
 Side the Mow. 
 
 I pray
 
 i } o LETTERS Writ ly Vol . III. 
 
 I pray Gd to infpire the Minflers of the /"- 
 line Part, to take fuch Meafures as may prefer vc 
 the Mu/ulman Peace. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, Jj'i of the i \th Mtott, 
 / tht Tear 1647. 
 
 LETTER VIII. 
 
 To Solyman bis Coufirv* Ccnftantinople. 
 
 WH E N I clos'd up my laft, the Hour of 
 the Peft was near expired, and the MefTen- 
 ger who carries my Letters to him, haften'd my 
 Difpttth, preventing what I had farther to fay to 
 thee. 
 
 I am follicitous for thy Welfare, both, as thou 
 art a Mu/lma t and fo near a Relation- Do not 
 forfeit thofc Titles, by degenerating from thy 
 Kindred, and from all the 1'duminaitd of Goal. 
 Truth is compri/'d in a little room, but Error is 
 infinite. Thou makefta wrong Inference, from 
 the Moderation and Charity of the true Believers, 
 when thou concludeft, That becaufe they believe, 
 it fhall go well with all honeft Men, let their Opi. 
 nion sand Ceremonies be what they will ; there- 
 fore thou fhaltbe fafe, in retrenching, the endlefs 
 and burthenfcme Wajhingi (as thou termeft them,) 
 of the Mu/ulmarn, fo long as thou leadeft a good 
 tKtral Life 
 
 Art thou fuch a Friend to Idlenefs and Tmpu. 
 rity, that thou wilt by a moft pitiful Sophiftry, 
 cheat thy feif of slvinion > rather than take the 
 Fains to wa(h thy felf after t^e Manner, and at 
 the- Times, appointed by the Prophet of God, and 
 
 praftifed
 
 Vol.111. ffSpYat PARIS. i}i 
 
 praftis'd by our Fathers, and all the Faithful 
 throughout the World* If it be allow'd, That fuch 
 as either out of Ignorance, or hinder 1 d by fome 
 other invincible Caufe, do not embrace our holy 
 Law, are not circumcised, and repair not to the 
 sjfimbliet of the Faithful, lhall neverthelefs enter 
 into Paradife, provided they obey the La a of #<* 
 ture, imprinted on their Hearts ; does it follow 
 therefore, That one who has been bred up in the 
 und filed Faith, who has been circumcised, and lift- 
 ing up his Right hand to Heaven, has pronounced 
 the Stvm myjierious Wwdi, which cannot be re- 
 peal d ; does it follow, I fay, That fuch an one 
 lhall be regarded by Godot his Prophvt, any other- 
 wife than as a Heretick or an Infidel, if he live not 
 up exactly to- the Graces that have been given 
 him ? No, afTure thy felf, if tfeou art in the 
 Number of thefe, thou art an ^pojtate; thy Vir- 
 tues are Vices, and all thy good Works are an 
 Abomination. 
 
 Remember the Piety and magnanious Zeal 
 of dffan H*li thy Grandfather; who, when he 
 was taken Prifoner by the Cojfacks, was enter- 
 tain'd with extreme Rigour and Severity. Ne- 
 verthelefs, a certain Jew In the City who knew 
 him, brought him every Day, by Permiflion of 
 the Keeper, as much Water as would fuffice to 
 wa(h him, a;nd to quench his Thirft. But one 
 Day, as he went with his acctiftom'd Load, and 
 was entring the Gate of the Prifon, the Keeper, 
 either out of Malice or Wantonnefs, fpilt moft 
 of the Water on the Ground , forbidding the 
 "Jew, at the fame time, to bring any more that 
 Day. 
 
 The honeft ttebrtv went in with the Remaind- 
 er of the Water, and deliver'd it to the Prifoner ; 
 who prefently prepared to wafii himfelf, af. 
 ter the accuitom'a Manner of the Mufxlm*nt. 
 
 The
 
 2.32, LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 The Jew feeing that, told him, There was not . 
 Water enough to quench his Thirft. And there- 
 with related to him what the .Knper had done. / 
 fee ihere is but a liitle reply 'd the vertucms old 
 Man,) but he that drink;, or eati, before he hm 
 Waih'd hintftlf, is guilty of d filing hit Soul, and it 
 no; worthy 10 be number d among the true Believers. 
 Thtrtfore it it better forme to die for Jhirji, th^n 
 violate the Law brought titvn from Heaven, and 
 tranferef, the Traditions of my Fathers. Having 
 faid this, he w*/J>' hiaifelf, being refign'd to Pra- 
 ijidtncs, 
 
 Cou/tn, deceive not thy felf with vain Opinions, 
 nor fuffer Hypocrites to feduce thee. Imitate the 
 sidder^ and flop thy Ears againil the, crafty Infi- 
 nuations of He>ctickt. j t is"reported of tkis little 
 Serpent, that by natural Inftinci:, being 'fenfible 
 when a Migitia-n is about to uteer Words, which 
 being heard will enfnare it, lays o.i.e Ea/ clofc to 
 the Ground, and with its Tail flops the other, 
 to the end the Enchantment may have no Effect. 
 
 Admit not any Man to thy Ccnverfation, who 
 ftall attempt to warp thee from the Simplicity of 
 the Faith and QbedUnte which thau owed to) the 
 Apsfile df God. Without W&:er^ there is no Pu- 
 rit) on this fide the Grave That/mff has a 
 Force in it, of which thou art not aware. 'Tis 
 the third in the Rank of Jivij.g Principles. 'Tis 
 the Tabernacle of the Winds ; the Stragh'o of the 
 generative Spirit ; the Stage cf Wonders. In 
 fine, it is the Purifier of every thing that has 
 Breath. 
 
 Thou knoweft, That to ferve the Necefluies of 
 the P'-opbttand his Army, UKiierftanding and Speech 
 was gi\ r en to a Fountain in A<abia, which' havjng 
 promiied to follow him to the Place of his Ke- 
 pofe made a Channel through the Defart, and 
 kept Pace with the Troops of the Faithful, 'till 
 
 they
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 
 
 they came to Meai*a Ttlnabi that fo the fubtnif" 
 five to the Will of Heaven, might not want that 
 Element, without which Life it felf would be a 
 Burden and a Curie. 
 
 And yet thou fpeakeft contemptibly of Witer t 
 as a very indifferent thing, whether we ufe it or 
 not, any other ways than to quench our Thirft. 
 Thus, making no Difference between the many 
 Advantages we reap from that Element, ami tha,c 
 common Ufeto which the Beafts put it. In how 
 many Places of the Alcoran docs the Holy Prophet 
 record the Mercy of God, in giving us Water 
 that is frefh and not falc? How does he celebrate 
 liis Wil'dom and Goodnefs, for dire&ing the 
 Clouds to barren and dry Places ? Thou can' ft not 
 be ignorant. That it is one of the Excemiumt of 
 Paradife. That there are Gardens wherein flow 
 many Rivers : And after all this, wilt thou defpife 
 fo holy and bJeffed a Gift, without which, Eaith 
 and Heaven, Men and Angels, could not be com- 
 pletely happy ? 
 
 Go learn then of the Indian Idolaters, wfio 
 have never heard of the Book of Glory : Go leara 
 of thefe Barbarians, to prize their fanft 'ffd Crea- 
 tures. They travel many hundreds of Leagues to 
 bathe themfelves in the Waters of Gavgei. With 
 thole incorruptible and all- purging Streams, the 
 Brachmans fill certain VefTels, and transport the 
 invaluable Liquor, to the utmoft Parts of that 
 wids Empire. Tfeey travel on Foot, fome- 
 times Two thoufaml Miles together, each Man 
 with his Load of that precious Water, to lupply 
 the Wants of thole who live ib remote from 
 the River. So that a Bottle of it is many tunes 
 fold to the Princes and Nebles, for two hundivj 
 Sequint, or eight hundred Riufie: : ; And yet, 
 for all this, thofe vry Prittcet would not die 
 With a fafe Concience, h?/J they not at lead 
 
 one?.
 
 aj4 LETTERS Writ ly Voi.IIT. 
 
 once in their Lives made a Pilgrimage to this re- 
 nown'd River, and bath'd themfelves in the Wavet 
 U'hich bloc out SirtJ. 
 
 O Coujin, let the Example of thefe Infidels make 
 thee blufh at thy Impiety, and excite thee to a 
 diligent and indifpenfible Practice of Clcanntfs : 
 So fhaltthou have a found Mind, in a healthy Bo- 
 dy : And the Angel of thy Nativity will not ftum 
 thy Perfon. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, ytb of the iitb Maon,' 
 if the Tear 1647. 
 
 LETT E R IX. 
 
 To the Kaimacham. 
 
 TH E Defeat of the fenefiant and Mcrlackt in 
 Bojna, has reach'd thefe Parts. That News 
 is not unwelcome to Mahmut. But I could wifli 
 our General had ufed his Viftory with more Mo- 
 deration. The Ghrijlians term him Barbarian, Sal* 
 v*ge, Devil incarnate, and load him with JExecra- 
 rions: For, having taken Prifoner the Captain cf 
 the Morlacks, he caufed him to be flay'd alive, 
 and afterwards to be impaled. This Captain was 
 an Eccl (lafl ick, they call him Scephano Son'ch 
 and in Honour of his Zeal an-d Fidelity, they 
 entitle him, The goad Pricft. They applaud his 
 Magnanimity and Courage in Battle ; and no 
 lefs do' they extol his Conftancy, during the 
 Torments of fo cruel and ignominious a Death. 
 But I tremble to think of the Blafphtnnies 
 and Curfes they utter aguinft our faly Pn- 
 pbet, and all the Mgjfitlmanf ! For the crue! 
 Execution has fcandalized the Nazarenef, and 
 imbitcer'il- them, even to Fury. Their RiVf*e 
 
 is
 
 Vol. III. a S p Y at- P A R i s. 
 
 is Implacable : They would go to Hell themfelves, 
 provided the true Faithful might be damrfd for 
 
 What will our Divine Lav-giver fay ? Or, 
 what Apology will our General make, when the 
 Sent of G,d fhall charge him, with driving fo 
 many Thcufand Souls into an irreconcilable 
 Hatred of the ur. defiled f*ith ? For, they Jaok 
 not on this as the Aftkm of a frivate Man, but 
 of one who reprefents the P erf on of our uguft 
 Sovereign, the great Prinefttr of the L brought 
 down from Heaven. They fuppofe him to be 
 honour d with the particular Inftru&icns of his 
 Mafttr : And therefore they fay, The Sultan has 
 authoriz'd this unheard-of Cruelty ; and, That 
 our Religion countenances Tyranny, and the 
 moft nefandous Method of fhedding innocents 
 Blood. 
 
 I am no Advocate for Infidels ; yet fuifer me 
 to vindicate Nature., which- is the common Part ue 
 of us all. Suffer me to be follicitous for. the 
 Honour of our holy PfofejJLon, which is blemifli'd 
 by this inhumane Murder. What Offence had 
 this unhappy Captain given, that deferv'd fo dire a 
 Punifliment ? Was it, Becaafe he fought valiant- 
 ly, and perform'd Wonders in Defence of his 
 Country ? This is nothing but what becomes 
 every honeft Man to do. And, had our General 
 been truly brave, he would have entertain'd his 
 Prilbncr with a Refpeft due to his Merit, 
 
 Who was a mere inveterate Enemy of ths 
 M^flulinans than the renown'd Ijcbetiderbeg, Prince 
 of Albania ? Who mere valiant or fuccefsfu), 
 againft the Ottoman Armies ? It is recorded of 
 him, That he never fhunn'd a Battel, never fled 
 from his Enemies , never ihrunk from Perils, nor 
 was ever wounded but once, in all his Life. And 
 yet he iuftained a continual War, from two 
 
 fuccefllve
 
 *3 6 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 fbcceflive Ofmtn Emperors defeated feven Ptzierj, 
 with their Forces ; took all their Ammunition 
 and Baggage; and, in feveral Combats, flew 
 with his own Hands above Two thoufand A;. 
 kttnuam. 
 
 Our Fathtrr did not bafely revenge themfelves 
 for all this, but cherifh'd a Veneration for this 
 keroick Enemy, and honour'd the very Duft of 
 fuch an extraordinary Perfon. For, after his 
 Death, having conquered Albania, they fought 
 eut his Tomb, where they perform M their Deva. 
 titns, as at the Syitlchre of a Prop fat. They o- 
 pen'd the Dormtrity of the defunft Warrior, and, 
 with reh'giotit Soltmnity, took up his Bones, fha- 
 ring the honoured Relicks among them ; and wrap- 
 ping them in Silk, wore them continually at 
 their Breafts, efteeming them as facred Amulttt 
 agarnft Miiftrttmet. 
 
 Surely our General would bluflj at an Exam- 
 ple of fo great Virtue But perhaps he was in- 
 cenfed, becaufe his Captive was a Prteff : Mif- 
 taken Zeal might prompt him to this horrid 
 Butchery. Thou, who arc Juflice it'felf, wile 
 not approve his bloody Paftion, when thou con- 
 fidereft, That the Pn'eftt of Jtfus are Men as 
 well as others ; and if they live In Error, the 
 Fault is in their Education. However, many of 
 them are humble, chafte, fober, and Lovers of 
 Virtue. If there be others , whofe corrupt 
 Lives have contradicted this Charafter, let the 
 Crime and the Punifhment reft on their Heads, 
 It is not reafonable that the Innocent ihould 
 fuffer for the Faults of the Guilty The Captain 
 of the Morltitk} had the Reputation of a de- 
 vout and juft Man, and a trout Champion for 
 his Country : Had he been taken fr r a tyr, or an 
 *JT*Jfi n , the Lam of jfrwt would have adjudg'd 
 him to Death. Yet fuch was the Clemency of
 
 Vol.111." a SPY at PARIS. 
 
 Porfenn* t , King of the Hetruriant; That, when Mttl 
 tius Scevola, a valiant Roman, came into his 
 Camp, with clefign to murder him, but by Mi- 
 ftake ftabb'd one of the Captttns, thinking it had 
 been Po>fenna- and to revenge that Mifcarriage 
 on himlelf, thruft his Hand into the Fire, 'till 
 the Flefh was confum'd to the Bones : The King, 
 aftonifiVd at his undaunted Spirit, fent him away 
 in Peace, raifed the Siege of Rome, and enter d 
 into a drift. Friendfhip with that Nation ; Such 
 Honour ha bore to the Fortitude of his Enemy, 
 and deiign'd Murderer. But the Captain of the 
 Morlackt was not taken under thefeCircumftances: 
 He loft his Liberty in the Heat of Battel, bravely 
 combating at the Heat of his Army. 
 
 Wouldeft thou know the Grounds then of our 
 General's Cruelty ? It was purely, for the fake of 
 a Jtft. There went a Report, That when this 
 'Priefl was born his Body was all over raw, lb that 
 the Phjficiam were forced, by Art, to fupply him 
 with a Skin. Our cruel General, to fport him- 
 fe'lf in the poor Man's Mifery, cdmmanded 'hint 
 to be flay'd alive ; uttering at the fame time this 
 inhuman Sarcafm ; Thtre was n Reafon that ha 
 fbottld carry a Skin out of the World, who brought 
 none in. This is attefted by two Gentlemea who 
 were made Prifoners with -their Capttin, heard 
 thefe Words, faw him executed, and afterwards 
 made their Efcape. 
 
 The Nazarencs vow to revenge this unparal- 
 lell'd Cruelty on all the Mufflmm that fall into 
 their Hands, if this Butcher fas they term him) be 
 fuffer'd to go unpunifh'd. I tell thee, fuch bar- 
 barous Actions, draw down the Vengeance of Hea- 
 ven en thofe that commit them ; and excite tf.e 
 very Bo/tt of the E-itrth to make W*r, and rid 
 -the Wwld-Qt iudi
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Thou knoweft what Ufe to make of this In- 
 telligence: I will not pretend to inftruft the 
 Miniftir in the Ottoman Empire. 
 
 Paris, T-k of the t 
 of the T.ar 1647, 
 
 L E T T E -R X. 
 
 To the Mufti. 
 
 IF there be any Truth in what the d 
 tell us, That the Start have Influence on tire 
 Government of the Earth, one would think that 
 Spain iies under fome malignant sffpift. 
 
 Tlis fortune of that Kingdom has for a long 
 *ime run retrograde. They have had nothing but 
 J_oilcs by Sea and Land. The Revolution in P'- 
 fvgal, the Revolt of Catahni* and Rouffi'ion, the 
 JLofs of Ormus in Perjia, and the Defection of Ga, 
 with other rich Towns of Traffick in the Inctier, 
 came one upon the Back of another. 
 
 Since which there have been many Towns and 
 Caftles t-aken from the Spaniard} in f landers. The 
 French made an Infttrretfion in Pfkrtno, breaking 
 open the Priibns, and releafing the Prifoners : 
 And grew to fuch a Head, That the Piferoj, fear- 
 ing they would revenge the Tragedy of the S/V/7/- 
 an Pejper}, to pacify the Multitude, was forced, 
 repeal the Eiits for Taxet, and difannul them for 
 ver ; and to pals an /#? / general Indemnity, 
 both to the Rabble, and to the Prifonen whom 
 they had freed. 
 
 This tumultuous Spirit pafs'd from thence to 
 the Kingdom of Naplet and there, like an Infefti- 
 on, ibon ipread it felf through all Parts, both 
 
 of
 
 Vol. III. a S#Y At PARIS. 139 
 
 of City and Country : Two hundred thoufand 
 Men took up Arms, to vindicate the Pritiilegts of 
 the Neapolitans, under the Conduct of a poor 
 young F'fhtrmnn, I have already tranfmitted to 
 the futltme Ptrc, a Helation of this formidable 
 Sedition-, whetein it may be thought, I have dif- 
 cover'd too much Tendernefs to the Infideli, and 
 feem'd to favour the Violences of a Faffio*. But 
 I hope thou wilt acquit me, when thou confider- 
 eft, That thefe Governments of the Nazarenei are 
 not to be compared to the facred Ofmau Empire, 
 which is eftablifh'd by a Divine Right it having 
 been determin'd by the Angd, That he who 
 Ihould poflefs the glorious Dvmitorj of the Seat 
 of GW, (hould be entituled, The Sovereign of all 
 the Kings on Earth. Therefore it would be a 
 Crime of the higheft Nature, to r-aife a Tumult 
 or Sedition, within the Territeriet of our aaguft 
 Emperor, whofe Dominion is confirm'd to him 
 for ever, by a Pa'.tnt from Heaven. But the Cafe 
 of the Nazarcne Princes is different j who being 
 profefTed Enemies to the Mtjfengcr vf Goo 1 , have 
 no other Right to any thing, but what their 
 Swords purchafe. And therefore, when they 
 .prey upon others, and by Rapine and Spoil aug 
 jnent their Riches, it is no wonder if the grstt 
 sfvengtr tf Crimes, ftirs up fome undaunted 
 Spirits, to free their Country from Slavery and 
 Ruine. 
 
 Thofe who are curious, have remark'd many 
 obfervable Circumftances in this Rewlmifn at #<*. 
 fits : As that it was foretold by an dftrolvger, 
 a confiderable .time before it happened, who 
 ipointed out the very Year wherein it fhould 
 .come to pafs. The extraordinary Eruptions alfo 
 .of McHTitf'cfuviitt fome Years ago, were erteem'd 
 as Prefages of fnrne. approaching Troubles in the 
 ' For .it ratnd Afhes en the City of Nat>u,. 
 
 I fpole
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 I fpoke of this Mountain in one of my former 
 Letters. 
 
 'Tis reported alfo. That about the fame Houf 
 wherein Majfur.illa, the Ringleader of the Seditions, 
 was murder'd, there was feen a Man hovering in 
 the Air, over the principle Temple of Naples, with 
 a Sword in his Hand, which he was putting up in 
 his Scabbard : And that a Voice was at the fame 
 Time heard from on high, to utter thefe Words, 
 His Labour is finifi d, give him Reft. 
 
 This is certain, That whilft he was at the Head 
 of an hundred thoufand Men, feven ^JT a ffi rl) were 
 hired by fome of the Princes to (hoor, him ; yet 
 none of the Bullets could penetrate his Body, tho' 
 unarm'd, and only cover'd with his fifhing Rags : 
 And it was evident, that thefe Bullets fmote him 
 in divers Places, his Garments being mark'd with 
 them, and he ftagger'd with the Force of the 
 Blows. 
 
 Thefe are extraordinary Occurrences, and 
 would tempt one to believe, That this young Fi- 
 jh>rtaan was the Inftrument of Providttiee, and 
 that Herven protected both him and his Ctufe. 
 
 'TIs true indeed, it feem'd, at laft, as if he were 
 abandoned by that Divine Piver, which had car- 
 ried him through fo important an Enterprize, 
 in that he was (lain by his own Soldiers. But 
 then irmuft be remember'd, That this was not 
 done till his Wark was flnijtid, and he went be- 
 yond his Ctmmiflim. Want of Sleep, the Multi- 
 tude of Affairs, and much Wine, had impaired 
 'his Reafon. and rendered him frantick; fo that 
 his AcVions were infupportable, and his own Ad- 
 mirers grew .weary of him. After his Death 
 his Head was cut off, and carried up and down 
 the Streets on a Lance, and his Body wasdragg'd 
 through the Kennel. Yet the very next Day, 
 the Multitude, to ihew their own Fickknefs, 
 
 took
 
 Vol. Ill jSpy At PARTS. 
 
 took the dead Body out of a Ditch, where they 
 had laid it all Night : They wafhed and em- 
 balrn'd it, and having join'd the Head to it, car- 
 ried it with great Pomp and Solemniry to the 
 principal Temple of Naples, attended witfh Drums 
 and Trumpets, and above a Thoufand Pn'efls, 
 with Torches in their Hands, a Crow.n of Gold 
 was put on his Head, and a Scepter in his 
 Hand. 
 
 Thus the Neapolitan) honoured that beardlefs 
 Toutk, who in Ten Days time had caufed fuch 
 a Revolution, as is fcarce to be parallell d : For he 
 was an abiblute Monarch, in eiFeK during thac 
 Time. And of him it may be faid, as it was 
 once of an Emperor, That during his whole Retg, 
 there was neither Spring, nor Autumn, nor Win-, 
 fer : For his Hojelty begun and ended in the fe. 
 Venth Moon. 
 
 By Letters from Nathan B-n Saddi, at Vitnn*, I 
 perceive he is mo'efted with Scruples about his 
 Re.igion, being deHrous to build uprn the furs ft 
 Foundation. I fent him the beft Advice I could, 
 without making my felf a Hypocrite', whfch , 
 thau knoweft, is more offensive to Gcd, than 
 an open tinner. I drew up an A'oftraR of the 
 MufT*fa*n Records, and prefented him with the 
 faithful Genealogy, "from Ifmael, the Son of the 
 Patriarth Ibi-ahim. down to our H)ly Prophet. 
 This I did to reftify an old inherent Error of the: 
 Jevs, who boaO, That only the Sin of lfac 
 were true Believers, I endeavour'd not to profe- 
 lyte him , by Sophiftry and Artifice ; but refer- 
 red him, for better Satisfaction, to the Writings 
 of'thesJitcient). Ipromifedto furnifh him wir'i 
 Book* of our Lar } and the Commit i of our holy 
 Doffort. This is impofTible for me to perform, 
 v.-hilft I am in this Place ; unlefs tiiou, who art 
 a Guide of thole who feck the Truth, vouch/ufeft 
 Al to
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 to fecond-my Zeal. I addrefs to thee, Sovereign 
 Prelate of the Faithful, in Behalf of a Dependent 
 from the )o*nger Brother of //*/; in Behalf of 
 one circumcifed, but not in the right Way. Fa- 
 vour him-U'ithtby Divine Injiruttions, and fupply 
 him with Treatifes of Light and Reafon. A fea- 
 fonable Application may bring this Ktbreto into 
 the Number of the Mufulmans, for he is already 
 difgufted at the Synagogue. 
 
 But if I have prefumed too far, in endeavour, 
 ing to fnatch a Soul from the Paws of Ttgot, cor- 
 rect me In thy Wifdorn, for I am but as an In- 
 fant before thee. 
 
 Paris, i$tb / the 18 Mtcn, 
 of the Tear 1648. 
 
 LETTER IX. 
 
 BtZ'vni*& tf ihit 
 is tainting in ihe 
 Tfjnf'ttion, tht O- 
 
 . . All Mens Hearts are 
 filled with Joy, for this profperous News, whilft 
 1 mourn for the Diflionour of our Arms. No- 
 thing but fad Tidings grate my Ears from thofe 
 Tarts, and more melancholy Prefages poflefs my 
 Soul. Methinks I fee thick Clouds gathering 
 o'er the Imperial City. My Sleep is difturb'd with 
 "fearful Vifions : I ftart in my Bed ; and walking 
 lay my Hand on my Sword, as if fome Danger 
 uere at hand : I dream of Tumults and Difor- 
 ders Neighing of Horfes, and Clalhing of Arms 
 in the Streets of Cerfantineple, J pray Gad avert 
 the Omen. 
 
 It
 
 Vol. III. A SPY at PARIS. 
 
 It Is reported here, Thac All, the S 
 of Ltppa, is taken Prifoaer ; and that his Son was 
 tormented to Death before his Face, in a manner 
 peculiar to the Invention of the mefl barbarous 
 Tyrants : For they caufed {harp Thorns to be 
 thruft between his Nails and his Flefh, which 
 creates an intolerable Anguilh . They laid him 
 on a Bed of Iron Spikes, and poured melted 
 Lead, Drop by Drop, on all Parts of his Fiefh. 
 Then they made a fmall Fire, and roafted him 
 flowly to Death. If he chanced to groan, or 
 make the leaft Complaint, in the midft of thofe 
 grievous Tortures, they bid him remember the 
 good Prieft Serecb, who fee him an Example of 
 Conftancy and Courage, in that he never (hed * 
 Tear, or fo much as llgh'd, when he was'/fo/'f 
 ttive. 
 
 Thou feeft that Revenge is fweet, even to thofe, 
 who having received no Injury in their own Per- 
 ibns, yet are touched to the Quick, with the Vio- 
 lence that is done to another. This will appear 
 in the Humour of the Italians, who profecute 
 their Enemies with irreconcileable Hatred and 
 Malice whole Familiet being often engaged in ex- 
 ecuting the Refentments of two fingle Perfoas, 
 who firft began the Quarrel : But much more 
 for^eable is this Paflion in thofe, who have been 
 notorioufly hurt themfelves. And the Revenge of 
 a certain Captain was extravagant ; who being in- 
 form'd that his General had debauch'd his Wife, 
 "took an Opportunity to fingle him out from 
 ail other Company, pretending to walk in the 
 Fields. When he had him there alone, he clappM 
 a Piftol to his Breaft, threatening to kill him 
 fortwith, if he moved Hand or Foot. Then he 
 upbraided him with what he had done, in fuch 
 Language, as convinced the General, his Life 
 was in extreme Danger. Wherefore he humbled 
 M a himfelf,
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. HI. 
 
 himit'lf, and confefTed his Crime ; begging of the 
 C?tain to fpare his Life, and be would prefer 
 him forthwith to the beft Office in the Army, 
 next his own. 13ut the furious Italian would not 
 fell his Honour fo cheap. He forced him to deny 
 Coi, and utter many Blaffhemie?, in Jiopes of fa- 
 ving his Life : And when he had thus done, the 
 Captain laid, Now mj Revenge is ciwplete, finct -I 
 jhaM fend thee Body and Soul to tbe Dtvtl. With 
 that he piftolTd him. 
 
 But, leaving thefe Ivfideli to their tlia&oUfftl 
 Paffions, I am concern'd at the Captivity of thy 
 Brother ; if it be true which- vis related here, That 
 he was taken in his Return from Canca to Conjitn- 
 linopte. It-wHl coft the Bajfa of Algiers a thou- 
 i'and Crowns to ranfom him. 
 
 Adieu R'narba. And, if thou art defirous to 
 raife thy felf, take that Method which I have 
 :now propofed to thee. Cod be propitious to .thy 
 Endeavours. 
 
 Paris, ^th of the id Mow, 
 of the Tear 1648. 
 
 L E T T .E R XII. 
 
 To the Venerable Mufti. 
 
 TH O U wilt fay, The NtApolitans are a reft, 
 leis People, when thou flak know, that 
 there have been no leis than Forty general Lnfur- 
 rffltons in this Kingdom, fmce its firft Separation 
 from the Grtcian Empire, whereof it was former- 
 Jy a Member ; and that, in the Space of two 
 ;Yeirs, they have had five Kings, all of -diffrent 
 
 One
 
 Vol. IH. a SPY af PARIS. 1*45- 
 
 One would have thought, that after the 
 Death of Mafiitnello, the Ring- lender of the late 
 Jtf?j)vafioify the popular H'eats would have flack- 
 en'd, and the People return'd to their Duty'; 
 but the pafTionate Defire of Liberty caufed them 
 to continue in Arms, till^ the Confirmation erf 
 their Privileges fhould cofac from the- King of 
 Spain. 
 
 In the mean time, Don Ink* of /Juftria, who 
 lay before the City with a Fleet of Fifty GaUetn\ 
 p'jay'd upon th'fem inceiTantly with his Cannon by 
 Sea, and the Caftles batter'd them by Land. 
 
 Cardinal M-az.*rhi'J, wh6 has the earlieft Intelli- 
 gence of foreign TranfaftioYis, has had a princ?. 
 pal Hand in fomenting this Flame. Forasfooft 
 as the News of Msfltanello's jDeath arrived here, he 
 difparch'd away Courier; to Rome, with- Inftru 
 ftionstothe French Em'oajJ**dor at- that Court, re- 
 quiring him to ufe all poflible Means to cherifh. 
 rk^Titmultr in Naplei, and not negleft fo fair an 
 Opportunity,- of reducing that Kingdom under the 
 Protection of- Franc?.- 
 
 It will not appear ftrange, That this great 
 Genius {hould aim at the Conqueft of ' Ntpltt. 
 when we confider, That this Kingdom abounds 
 in all manner of Riches, to which its fortunate 
 Situation contributes not a little ; for it lies 
 in the moft temperate Part of the World : 
 And the Inhabitants are not fe<-ond to sny Peo- 
 ple of Europe, in material Courage and Bravery. 
 This is a Bait which tempts thtf Cardin.il; who 
 is not ignorant how valiantly the Anceftors of 
 the prefent Neaptlitans behaved themfelves in the 
 Wan of C*f*r and Pompey, and thofe between 
 rhe Romans and Carthaginians. Nor are they lefs 
 celebrated for the flout Refinance they made 
 againft the Huns, Goths, and Vand*\t. So that 
 this Kingdom, were it once brought under th 
 M 3 French
 
 46 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 French Dominions, would prove a Nurftry t from 
 whence this Monarch might draw many thou- 
 fands of excellent Soldiers, to ferve him in his 
 Wars 
 
 Belldes, it would be more commodious for 
 him to make lucurilons from hence into the 
 Pope\ Territories, if there fhould arife any Dif- 
 ference between the two Courts-, as there often 
 do, about the Rights of the Gattic.ax Church, the 
 franchifes of the Embajfadars of this Crfuen in 
 Rome, and other Privileges, to which they pre- 
 tend. 
 
 Therefore the French Lml> a finder t according ro 
 the Jnftruftions of Mtzarini, lent Conjm>'fli:-ners to 
 treat privately with the People of Naples, offering 
 rhem Two Millions of Crowns, Twenty Gal- 
 Icons, with Eight and fifty Gallies, and other 
 Veflels. They accepted the Proposal , being 
 weary of the Spanijb Government, and defirous 
 cf Novelty, encourag'd alfo by what thofe Com. 
 jnijfiosers reprefented to them concerning the 
 .Succefs of the Englijb, who by (binding on their 
 Guard, and ufing that Power which God and 
 Nature had given them, for the Defence of 
 their Lives and Liberties, were now, in a man- 
 ner, become a frte Peofle, having abolifh'd the 
 Monarchy, and fet up a Cwmwcoeultb ; And this, 
 they told them, Was alfo done by Cardinal Maza- 
 //B/'S Counfels and Afllftance. Now all the Cry 
 in Naplgf, was, Let Fiance ar.d the People of Eng- 
 land flourish ; and let the faithful Neapolitans 
 ftjjert their own Liberty. So blind were thefe 
 People, as not to corifider, That in putting 
 themielves under the Protection of the French, 
 they did but exchange one Bondage for ano- 
 ther, it being impoffible for any foreign Prince 
 to keep this Kingdom, and pay all his Officers, 
 Civil and Military, together with t^ofe under 
 
 thek
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS; 247 
 
 their Commands with much lefs Charge than 
 the Revenues amount to. And the French are as 
 good at inventing new Taxes, as any Court in 
 Eu ifpc. 
 
 However, the Neapolitans were enchanted with 
 the Thoughts of fo much Gold, and other Afli- 
 ftance offer' d by the French ContmiJJioners ; and 
 fweeten'd with their fair Words, and glorious 
 Fromifes. So that they immediately lent Depu- 
 !t<n, to entreat the Dukt of Guizt, who was then 
 at Rome, to come and proteft them, in taking on 
 him the chief Command of their Arms 
 
 This Prince thinking it a generous Aftion, to 
 relieve the Offprrjfid ; and, that at the fame time 
 he Ihould do a confiderable Servive to the King 
 of France, in rendering .him Mafter of this noble 
 and opulent Kingdom, went to Naples : Where, 
 at firlr, he was received with infinite Applaufe, 
 was made their General, took an Oath of Fide- 
 lity to the People, did many notable Services, 
 but was in the end betray'd, and fent Prifoner 
 to Spain. 
 
 If the Generofity and brave Refolutionof this 
 Prince has required Commendation frorn fome, in 
 attemping to refcue thefe People from the Ty- 
 ranny of their Governors, yet his Conduft is 
 call'd in Queftion by others, who fay. He difco- 
 ver'd but little Prudence in trufting himfelf to 
 tiie Nfapolttaus, who had already facrificed two 
 of their Generals. (For, after the Death of Maffi. 
 tnellc, they chofe another Captain, whom they 
 called the Prince of Ma/a : This Prime falling 
 under their Sufpicion, was beheaded by the /- 
 twftant People ) 
 
 Tis certain, That there is little Confidence to 
 
 be put in the Multitude, whofe Paflions ebb and 
 
 flow, and are more tempeftuous than the Sea. 
 
 Yet a brave and generous Mind will fliun no 
 
 M 4 Dangers
 
 2 48 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Dangers to- ferve his Prince and his Country f or 
 whom it is a glorious Martyrdom to die. There 
 is no great Un detaking without Hazards; and 
 he that is afraid to venture his Liberty and Life 
 in a good Caufe, is not worthy to bear Arms 
 Had the D*ke of GUI ft fucceeded, his Conqueft of 
 Xtflit had made him rictroy of one of the larceft 
 &i*t in Europe, h is faid to be Five hun- 
 dred Leagues in Circuit, containing Twelve am- 
 ple Province, ; Twenty Archbifliopricks ; Bifhop. 
 licks, one hundred twenty fevcn ; thirty Caftles ; 
 Barons one thoufand four hundred ; Earls fifty 
 three; forty Marque/Fes ; thirty four Dukes', and 
 twenty Princes. The Inhabitants of this King- 
 dom are faid to be above two Millions. The or- 
 dinary Revenues cf the King, amount to three 
 Millions of Crowns yearly, befides the voluntary 
 .Donatives which have been given by the Subjects 
 of this State to their Kings, within the fpace of 
 forty Years, amounting to twenty eight Millions, 
 and fix hundred thcrufand Duckets. This King, 
 tim is water'd by a hundred and fifty Rivers be* 
 fides ten Lakes ftcred with all manner of Fifh ; 
 among which is one called Jverno, over which 
 if any Birds fly , they immediately drop 
 down dead. The ancient Pagam had flrange 
 Opinions of this Lake, it being the Piace where 
 they uled to facririce Men to the fc/ra/ 
 And, hard by, is the Cave of one of the 
 
 There are thirty high Mountains in this Coun- 
 try, of which Jdtni relates many Orange and 
 delightful Paffages. (for 'tis from him I received 
 this Account oi" the Kingdom.) \ will not trou . 
 ble thee with a Repetition of all that this 
 :>< tells me, galy one thing is worthy of Re- 
 mark.
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS.* 149.. 
 
 He fays, That the Bodies of the three young 
 Hebrew^ who were put into the burning Oven*- 
 by the Brtjlmian Manarch, becaufe they would 
 not adore his Ictolr, are preferv'd in a M/f -t; on* 
 one of thefe Mountains. And that on the fa I if 
 Hill, no Eggs, Fkfh, or Milk,, will endure an 
 Hour without Putrefaction, but prefently bitc^ 
 an infinite Number of Worms.' He fpeaksin the 
 Praife of thefe Mountains, which are clo-ithd 
 \vithVineyards, Gardens and Woods, on the Top 
 and Sides; and in their Bottoms, huve very rich 
 Mines of Gold, Silver, Copper, Iron, Cryftal, 
 Alabafter, Adamant. In fine, jlJonai, who Jias 
 travelled over all this Kingdim, calls it, The for* 
 tileft Region of all - -Itxly, which is -efteem'd the 
 Pa^adife of Europe, 
 
 Doft thou not think n'nv, -wnersblf Guide of 
 the EUft, tlut the Duke of Guiz,g had rcafon to 
 prefer the Honour >f conquering fo renown'd a 
 Kingdom, to the Safety of his Perfon ? Or wile 
 thou not rather conclude, That the Reduction of 
 this happy State would be an Expedition worthy - 
 of-the OrJowjw Arms ? It is certain, that the 
 .Riches and Plenty of this Region, have tempted 
 more Nations to invade it, than -any other King- 
 dom on Earth : It having been the Prize, at whieh 
 no lefs than Five and twenty feveral Atonw/have 
 aim'd. 
 
 Gtirtl-nil M*z.rini is much troubled at the 
 Duke of Guize's Captivity, and has offer'd great 
 Sums of Money for his Ranfom ; buc the King of 
 5/><*;Vrejeftsall Propofals of that Nature. So that 
 'tis thought, the Cardinal will contrive feme 
 Way forthe.Des Efcape, cither by bribing his 
 Keepers, or by tome fecret Stratagem. 
 
 lam not much corrcern'd for the lufl-Jtlj; bur 
 
 it would be no fmall Joy to he.-.r, That fome Care 
 
 were taken, for ;he Redemption of Mahotn t 
 
 M 5 '
 
 LETTERS Writ fy Vo\ 
 
 who, thou knowe-ft, has not deferv'd 
 111 of the fublime Port. Adieu, holy Patrieirck, 
 and forget not Mabtniit in thy Addreffes- to- He*-- 
 
 Paris, -ilth of the ^d Moox, 
 of ik( Tear 1647. 
 
 LETTER XIII. 
 
 To Abdel Melee Muli Omar, Superinten- 
 dent of the College ofSciences at Fez. 
 
 T.H O U to whom the Jffutt of P*r*dife are 
 revealed, and the Rtad of the Angtli when 
 they come down and go up through the Seven 
 Heavens ! Thou that can'fl marfhal the Heft of the 
 Stan, and underftandeft the Difcipline of the Ar. 
 tnies living and ftrong, the Orders of the Poten. 
 tates encamp'd in the Fields of Light, the dome, 
 tick Guards of the Tbrent, blefled for ever ; tell 
 me the Jge of the World, and declare the Begin. 
 ring of Time. Refolve me, Whether this mighty 
 Fabrick be but of Yefterday, that is, of Five or 
 iix thoufaad Years (landing, as the Jevs and Chri- 
 Jftans lay ; or, Whether the Years of its Duration 
 te not paft a Calcule. 
 
 The y>fions of thy Prtgeitittr, the Lieutenant to 
 the Seat of God, are extant in the A'abick Tmgue. 
 Jn them it is written, My Stul OH faddt* became 
 ft tbfugh it had Wings ; Spirit enter'd me, and a 
 fubtil Wind lifted mi up tothtTtp tf Mount UrieJ, 
 mbere 1 bchtld marvtllws Things. 7 looked behind 
 me, and ft* the Ages that were p*ft ; and /#, tkey 
 vert Vi'thovf tfumbtr, cr Beginning. 1 bekeld tke 
 
 four
 
 Vol. III. 4$py at PARIS. 
 
 four SeafonS of the Tear, ever retwnirg at their 
 accuftonSd Time, and the Sun ft/rfaok not hii Cou>fe t 
 for Thsufand tkoufand Generations. I ct>un:td a 
 Million of dgei, and yet there appeared not an Hour, 
 wherein Darkttcf: had poffeft'd the Abyfs of Mat- 
 ter, or wherein the endlefs Firmament was no: iUu- 
 minattd by the Moon and Stars. Whilft I conji- 
 der*d thefe Things, ft Liquor was given me to drink 
 by an unknown Hand, it vat of the Colour of Am- 
 ber ; when I had tafted //, / felt a- marvellous Force 
 in my Btdy, and my Eyes were more piercing (ban 
 *n Eagle s. Another Wind, more powerful than the 
 former, blew out tf a Cloud, and carried we up to 
 en exceeding high Place, far above the tellift Mount 
 Tains : There 1 trod in she fift Air, as in a Pavr. 
 fnent tf Marble. 1 wat raviftfd at thrff 'Things ; 
 and the Exaltation tf my State made mt forget my 
 Mortality. I bchtld the Ettrt'o at a i>nft ~Diftanct 
 under mj Fett, as ont that did not- belong to if ; it 
 hok j d like a joining Globe, nit much unlike the 
 Moon, but far bigger. /!U Ike living Generation 
 which had fucctjjively inhabited the Earth from its 
 Nativity, paff'd by me ; and th'y appeared in va- 
 riout F9 r ms. pi'ft came a Race of Centaurs, then 
 tf Satyrs, next of Angels, and I of tf Men While 
 I marvelled at thefe Taingt, * t'oice reached my 
 Eart, as from behind ms, fayiKf. Thefe are the four 
 Ages / the World, and the four Species of Be- 
 ings, to whom 1 gave the Pe/ijfion tf the Earth ; 
 tut, for the Impiety of the Three former, 1 hate ex. 
 terminated them. And when Men fo*'>l h*ve com. 
 pleated tbe Meafure of their Sins, I will caufe the 
 Trumpet to found, and aU thing! (hall retire in:* 
 the Cave of Silence and Darknefs. Having heatd 
 th!t, 1 found my felf in a Moment on the Earth, 
 which I had before fecn afar off ; then 1 knew that 1 
 had been in> a, Trance, &c. 
 
 M 6 Ido
 
 LETTERS Wr/V /y Vol.IIL 
 
 '" ^ to reach thee anv 
 g, venerable />,^, O f the South, 
 ****, (tor, I know, the jrtbiwi of thv College 
 are replemih'd with all manner of excellent 
 *2?ifit, and that thou art no Stranger to the 
 Wn i*gi of the Prof htt,) but to crave thy Inter- 
 pretation of 10 great a Mjfer^ and to reaibn with 
 thce about the W*rld\ Duration. My Satisfaction, 
 JKMjld be fmalj, in contemplating the various 
 Beauties of the Univerfe, the Qualities of tho 
 Elements, the Natures of living Things, the 
 Virtues of Plants and Minerals, with the Force 
 u r th l, /fc**"^ Bodies, were I affured that 
 tncfe Things were not always fo. That Thought 
 would damp my greateft Enjoyments, if I were 
 convmc d, That fo many Splendors, Riches and 
 Pleaiures as this vlfibU Frame affords, were noc 
 dilclofed for Millions of Ages, but lay hid in the 
 Bofom tf Eternity. Methinks it is too low an 
 Opinion o the omnipotent Goodnef:, and looks 
 Si.** the Authors of ic fufpefled Gad of Envy. 
 Who, when he might have made infinite Mjritdt 
 of Creatures happy, in thefe vifible Emanations 
 of hisDwinity, without either Beginning or End, 
 ing of Time ; yet, according to their Dottri ne 
 contented himlelf, to let only a determinate 
 M amber tafte of his Munificence, for a few Cm. 
 *'" \ Years This is not fuitable the Chara- 
 .ter ot that trfnitt Btitg, the eternal Source of aU 
 Pt'fefiioHf. 
 
 What then is meant by thofe Four jge:, and 
 the Four Sfecit! of Beings, which were Ihew'd to 
 the exalted of God in that holy n/tonf Tell me 
 great Light of jfrick, Is it repugnant to Rcafon 
 or Faith, to believe, That the Eanh has been 
 isolated from Eternity j fi nce our ^ D t ft orf 
 teach us, That it was peopled long before die 
 Crtation of Adm ? No M u f,ttm*n t That has ever 
 
 gone
 
 Vol. III. d$PY at PARIS. 153 
 
 gone the fared Pilgrimage, but lias vifited Mount 
 Arafft*> where Adam firft faw Eve his Wife. Where 
 he has been inftrufted in the Hiflarj of that_/fry? 
 Father of Mankind ; and how that before his 
 TirRe the Earth was inhabited by Angels, who- 
 Being commanded to adore Adam , refufed ir, 
 and were turn'd to Devils, being expell'd from 
 the Earth. Thou Knoweft, moreover, That it is 
 in the f acred Traditions, That God gave to Adam 
 a Wife, whofe Name was Mileth ; but that fte, 
 being of the Race of thefe Devils, refus'd to 
 obey A*am : Whence it came to pafs, that they 
 lived in continual Quarrels and Enmity, for the 
 {"pace of Five hundred Years ; 'till at length jli- 
 leth fiew up into the Air, and abandon'd her 
 Husband. Of which, when Adam complain'dto 
 God, he fenc Three mighty Angels in Purfuit of 
 her, commanding them to tell her, That if Ihe 
 would return to her Husband, it fnould go well 
 with her ; but if fhe would not, a hundred of her 
 Children fliouid die every Day. The Angel e fol- 
 low'd her, and over- took her on the Red Sea ; 
 where they threaten 'd to drown her, unlefs fhe 
 would return to her Husband. But fl:e made 
 Excufes, and told them, She vas created to defray 
 young Children. Then the Ar.gds laid Hands on 
 her; when flie, to pacify them, fwore by the 
 Bottom f Hell, That whenfoever the Names of 
 them Three Ihould be written on any Schedule, 
 that fhe fhould have no Power to hurt the Infants, 
 they difmifs'd her. After this, God compaffiona- 
 ting /fdam's Solitude, gave him another Wife, 
 call'd Eve. 
 
 This Tradition confirms the Fifim of the Pre- 
 fhet and we need not doubt, that the Earth 
 was inhabited before Adam's Time : And if that 
 be granted, Why might it not be peopled for 
 Millions of Ages, as well as for the fmalleft 
 
 Term
 
 2,<J4 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 Term that Ignorance or Error may afiign to its 
 Duration ? 
 
 I have ciifcourfed with feveral of the Jewijh 
 Rabbi's, and Ckn'ftiatt Dotton, on this Subjedt, 
 Men of abftrufe Learning,and fublime Thoughts; 
 yet I can find but a few, who are emancipated 
 from the Prejudices of a fuperftitious Education. 
 They have been, from their Infancy, prepoflefs'd 
 \vith a falfe Notion of the Work* of God ; be- 
 lieving them to be the Finite, both in Extent of 
 Space and Time. They circumfcribe this vijtble 
 World, within I know not what ftamlvg Circle ; 
 and believe the/r/J Matter it felf, to be but Five 
 Days older than Ad*r, taking each of thofe 
 Days for the fpace of Four and twenty Hours, 
 wherein the Sun fmiflies his diurnal Circuit 
 through the Heavens. They consider not that, 
 according to their own Bitle, there was Light and 
 Darkneff, and confequently Day and Sight, before 
 the Sun was created. But how long thofe Dayt 
 and flight: were, is not determin'd by Mofes : Yet 
 in another Part of their Bible, it is faid, That a 
 Day with God is a Tkoufand Tears ; and a Tkoufand 
 Ttars is a Day. So that, according to this Inter, 
 pretation, Adam was not created 'till above five 
 thtufand Ttari after the B<glnxi*g of the World : 
 Vet when I bring this pofitive Place of their own 
 Scripture againft the Nazarexe Saget, they fliuffle it 
 off with empty Evafions ; and rather, than believe 
 the indffnitt 4ntiq*i:y of the Wa<-id, they contra- 
 dift their own Senfe and Reafon. invalidate the 
 Teftimony of a Prtph-:t t deny their Faith, and 
 appear unmask'd Infiielf. 
 
 Beth they and the "Jevt have corrupted the 
 Truth with many Errors ; and we muft feek 
 farther, for the original Science of Nature. 
 The Illuminated of Gid have always taught, 
 That the Earth was inhabited long before the Ap. 
 
 pearance
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS, itf 
 
 pearance of A&*m. And all the Eaflem Sign be- 
 lieve a Series of Genera: itni to have dwelt on this 
 Globe, for indeterminate Ages. 
 
 I have a Brother lately come from the Indies: 
 He relates ftrange Things of certain Books, which 
 are only in the Hands of the Brachmans. They 
 are written in a Language, which none underftand 
 but thefe Priefts yet a Language as copious as 
 any other, and taught in their Citteges by Rutt. 
 Thefe Bttkt contain a Bftory of the World, which, 
 they fay, Is above Thirty Millions of Years old. 
 1 hey divide the Term of its Duration into four 
 slge; \ three of which, they fay, are already paft, 
 and a good part of the ftttrth. Now I would 
 fain know, Who wrote thefe Books ; and at what 
 Time, and where this Language was fpoken ? 
 They call it the Holy Language faying, That it 
 was the// fpoken on Earth. It is ftrange, That 
 no Hiftry fhould mention fo Divine a Speech. 
 We have the Chronology of the Latin and Greek ; 
 and can give an Acccount when and where they 
 were fpoken, though they are now grown obfo- 
 lete. and no other wife to be learn'd, but in the 
 Scbtftls and Academics. This argues the Antiquity 
 of the B>amint Language and flo;*/, in regard 
 they fall not within any other Retard, fave their 
 own, which fays, They are as old as the World. 
 For if this Aflertion were falfe, the Impofture 
 would have been difcover'd as loon as broach'd. 
 and the learned Sages of the Eaji would quickly 
 hare difprov'd fo manifeft a Lye. There feems 
 to me fomething extraordinary, in this Pretenflon 
 of thefe Indian Philosopher), and I would glad- 
 ly be convinced of the Truth. Methinks it is 
 an illuftrious Idea of the Divine PcrfeftioMt, when 
 one conceives all this vaft and endlefs Concatena- 
 tion of Being 1 , to flow from the Ete mat < Nature, 
 as Rays from the Sun : And that they can no 
 
 morg
 
 156 LETTERS Writ fy 
 
 more be feparared- from itj than.-diofe 'Beams- can 
 from t hit vifible Fountain Q^ Light.- It will noc 
 be difficult then to interpret the Hift>-}- ef Mofct, 
 by this &eg:fter of the Bramins, and reconcile the 
 Jix DJJI of the one, with the four Ages of the o 
 ther; fmce a Day,- in the -Divine Senfe, may a- 
 mount to Millions of Years, as well as to a Thou- 
 fand. And it will.be more congruous and agree- 
 able, to believe, That after the Birth of the frft 
 Matter, there elaps'd many ^jf, before it was 
 V-rought into fuch an infinite Variety of Appeal* 
 ranees, as we now behold ; and that tke five 
 Days which .Mofes computes, before the Produttion 
 of X/^JMT, might be fome MiSioiu of Ytan : In 
 which time, the divine drchiacl gradually drew 
 from the ^byfs of Matter, the Sun, Moon, Stars, 
 Plants and Animals, which may ferve alto toillu- 
 .rt rate the nfion of the bsly dncejltr, with whlcl) I 
 be^un this Difcottrfe. 
 
 Adieu, fublimt. Intelligence of the Torrid Zone, 
 and favour Me/smut with a Tranfcript of thy 
 Thoughts concerning thefe Things. But if thy 
 Silence lhall condemn my Preemptions, and Im. 
 portunity, I will wait for thy Anfwer, till the Pla~ 
 t onick.Tt.tr, when, according to to th& DoEirint o 
 that Philofofher, we {hall all be alive again. 
 
 Paris, ipr& of the 4^/7 
 tf tbe Ttar 1648. 
 
 LET-
 
 Vol. III. a Spy At PARIS* 157 
 
 LETTER XV. 
 
 To the Mufti. 
 
 IN a former D.'fpatch to thy Stntttty, I have ac- 
 quainted thee with the Inj'urreftion in Palermo ; 
 mentioning the Fear of the Viceroy , left the French 
 in that l/l*nd ihould then take their Opportunity 
 to revenge the proverbial Cruelty of the Sicilian 
 Fefptrs. If thoH art unacquainted with that Tra- 
 gedy, I will inform thee in brief; 
 
 About three hundred and threefcore Years ago; 
 there reign'd in Sicily one of the Royal Bhod of 
 Prance, they call him, Charles of Jxjou. He had 
 French Garrifons in all the Cities of that King- 
 dom : Burthefe Soldiers committed fo many In* 
 folences as render'd 'em odious and infupporta* 
 Lie to the Natives, who therefore refolv'd to ex- 
 terminate them 
 
 The French are very licentious' in their Con, 
 9*(fli; neither fparing Men in their Anger, nor 
 Women in their Luft. They make no difference 
 between the Noble and the fa/gar, but facrrfice all 
 the Regards of Honour and Civility to their im- 
 petuous Appetites 
 
 They were guilty of innumerable Rapes and 
 Violences in Sicily among the meaner People, 
 and fometirnes extended their Rudenefs to Per- 
 fxms of the hft Quality It was common for 
 them to affront both Virgins and Matrons as they 
 went along the Streets, by thrufling their Hands 
 under their Garments, on pretence of iearching 
 for hidden Arms. Among the reft, the Wife of 
 a certain Lord in Palermo, going to pay her De- 
 votions at the Temple, was feizd by the Com- 
 mand of the Captain of 'the Guards, and -ftripp'J: 
 
 naked
 
 i5 8 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III,. 
 
 naked before all the Soldiers, in order to difco 
 ver certain treafonable Papers, which they fuf- 
 pe&ed fhe carried about her ; but finding none, 
 fhe upbraided the Capttin with Inhumanity, in 
 offering fo grofs an Affront taa Lady of her Rank. 
 He feeming to be lorry for the Indignity fhe had 
 receiv'd, begg'd her Pardon, and retiring with 
 his Soldiers out of the Room where fhe was, 
 left her to put on her Apparel. In the mean 
 while he was enrlamed with a furious Paffion 
 for this Lady, (fhe being very beautiful ; ) and 
 having fent the Soldiers away, he return'd to the 
 Room where fhe was : He addrefVd her wirh 
 much Courtihip ; but finding that ineffectual, he 
 forced her. 
 
 When this was made known to her Husband, 
 he burn'd with Defire of Revenge : And ftirring 
 up all the Sicilian Nobles and Petfte, it was pri- 
 VateJy agreed between them, That on a certain 
 F<flival t when the Btlls fhould toll to Even-Song, 
 all the Sicilian} fhould take Arms, and mafTacre 
 the French thoughout the lflnd. This Plot was 
 carried fo fecretly, That before the French could 
 get the leaft Intimation of it, they were all mur- 
 der'd on the Day appointed. 
 
 I forgot to acquaint thee in my laft, with a 
 VilJany which was difcover'd in the late Tumults 
 of tfaplet. As they were marching up and down. 
 the Streets burning the Cuftom^Houfes, and the 
 Habitations of thofe who had been concerned in 
 gathering the Taxet, they enter'd the Houfe of a 
 certain No?*ry or fuhlick Scribe of that City, who 
 had been reprefented to them, as a Promoter of 
 thofe unreaibnable Impofitiom They feized on the 
 Man, and began to carry his Goods out into the 
 Street, in order to be burnt : But: as they were 
 rummaging in an Apartment which was toward 
 the Gardens, they heard a great Shrieking, as 
 
 of
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS. 
 
 of Women affrighted ; and perceiving the Voice 
 to proceed from within a Wall in the Room 
 where they were, they fearch'd about for a Door 
 to enter into that Place, but finding none, they 
 broke through the Wall; where t; ey fou.ul two 
 Women, with their Hair hanging down to their 
 Ancles, and their Nails grown like the Talons of 
 an Eagle Enquiring of them how long they had 
 been there, and oa what Occafion, the eldeft of 
 the Women rriade this Anfwer : The Majier tf [hit 
 Houfe is my oven Brother, who, when my ftuhtr 
 died, tots encrufted by kirn to pzy me Six hundred 
 Duckets, whiib he bc*ua.'hcd re as * Ltgacy f*r 
 my Maintenance, my Husband being de*: But my 
 Brother, in ft e ad tf doing we this Jrftice, immurtj 
 both rat ?-nd my Davgktir, vohtm you fee here, he- 
 tween thtfe Walls, vhere ivt have lived thcfe Seviit- 
 teen Ye*rs, hting fUov'd bj tht-s crpel #*f, HO tthtr 
 .food but Braid a.nd Water. 
 
 TJie People, incenfed above Meafure, at fo bar- 
 barous a Cruelty, hang'd,up the Nattf-y, and gave 
 all hisEftate to this Widow and her Daughter. An 
 exemplary Piece of 'Jufltce, performed by Muti- 
 neers, which could not have been done by the 
 Lw, the Crime not reaching his Life ; tho' in 
 the Senfeof all Men, he merited Death This is 
 another Argument, That D/Sr^had a Hand in this 
 JnfurreSion ; and that Mujptnetit the 
 \vas the Executioner of God. 
 
 I obey thee fovercign Prelate, with 
 ditional Devi* ion, and revere the Idea of thy Satt. 
 ftity : Vojichfafeto pray for MabmM\ That whilft 
 he condemns the barbarous Cruelties of the N*za 
 renes, he may not render himfelf inexcufable, by 
 doing any Injuftice himfelf. 
 
 : 
 Paris, -iidtf the $!h M9on t 
 
 tf tloi Tear 1^47. 
 
 LET-
 
 LETTERS writ fy Vol. Ill; 
 
 L E T T E'R. XV. 
 
 To the Kaimacham. 
 
 THE Arab!** Proverb fays, There it mm-g 
 Danger to be fcird from \ne of the Coreis, 
 tkan from a t host fan J B checks. Thou knoweft, 
 both thefe were noble Families in- Mecca, arid 
 fworn Enemies of the Mf anger- of Gorf: But the 
 latter, as their N*me imports, were too open m 
 their Councils, to do any considerable Execution 
 againft the Holy One : Whereas- the former were 
 always referred, and laying of fecret Trains. 
 
 Such is Cardinal Mazarini, the hidden Enemy 
 of the ^ Or toman Empire. There feems to be -an 
 Ambition in this great Genius, equal to that ef 
 his Predeceflbr Richlieu, who would be efteemy 
 the moil eminent among Men. Nothing will fa- 
 tisfy this Mfniftsr, Jefs than a Subvervfion of all 
 the Monarchies on Earth, which appear Obftac!s 
 of that G r andcur, to which he deligns to raife his 
 Mafter. Yet he attempts not this by open Force, 
 knowing that is impracticable : but afts in the 
 dark, driving to undermine -thofe States by /n- 
 trigue^ which he cannot fubdue by s4>mi. He 
 has his Jgenti in all the Cwtt of Chnftendtm 
 and thou needed: not ftartle, if I tell thte^ there 
 is Ground to fufpeft, he is not without hisCrea. 
 tures at the fublirxe Port. All Europe is fenfib!, 
 That the late Revelutront in Portugal and Catalonia, 
 the lafurreftions in Sicily and KapUt, and the Re- 
 betlisn of the Etigltfh, Scots, and /'//?>, are in part 
 owing to the Ptlicie s of this Miniper : And I can 
 tell thee more on that Subjeil, than is known to 
 every one. 
 
 Ofm/9
 
 'Vol. III. a SPY -at -P-A-nis. 
 
 . Ofmin the Dwarf, who fill 1 retains his good In- 
 clinations to thefublimi Port, finds an unfufpe&ecl 
 Accefs to all the Grandees, to whom the imdl- 
 nefs of his Bulk and Stature, affords no irn.aH Di- 
 ve rtifement. lielides, they delight to pole him. 
 \vtth Pt-abhtas, in regard there is always fome. 
 thing To lucky, befides the Wit, in his Anfwers, as 
 either creates Admiration or Laughter. But their 
 Mirth would quickly be changed into other Paf- 
 fioos,- were they fenfible that their littie Buffoon 
 is no other than a S/7 upon them,. For Ofmiu 
 having (b many Opportunities, lurks in Corners, 
 like a Spider, undilcover'd, and unthought of: 
 lie creeps into their fied-chambers and Cabinets, 
 where he becomes privy to their greaterr. Secrets. 
 If they fliould catch him in any of his Conceal- 
 ments, behind the Hangings, or under a Bed, ic 
 would only pafs fox a trclick to give 'em Diver- 
 fion ': And he never wants for a Repartee or a 
 J,eft, to bring himfelf oiF. 
 
 I have taught him a Cypher, which he makes 
 ufe of to tranfcribe any Letters, or other Pa- 
 pers of Moment ; with Cherafttrs for ffeedj Wri* 
 nng t which comprehend whole Sentences in a 
 Dafh or two of tli Pen. 
 
 'Tis.but lately we have pitch'd on this Method ; 
 . and tjie firft Attempt Ofmin made, was in CW/- 
 ual'MAZ&riySs.CiofeLi into which he flipt, under 
 the Skirt of a Nobleman's Cloak, who juft then 
 Went in to Ipeak with the Cardinal. This aftiva 
 Dwarf, taking Advantage of the Nobleman 's Ap- 
 proach to the Table, dextroufly crept under the 
 Carpet which cover'd it, reaching down to the 
 Floor, where he lay unfeen till the Cardinal was 
 gene, .and the Clofet lock 'd up. 
 
 During the time of their Conference, which was 
 net very long, Ofmin Ji^ard the Cardinal fpedc 
 thefe Words to the Ltrd \ One of the Slaves of that 
 
 Batfa
 
 LETTERS Writ fy Vol. III. 
 
 Bnfla, (faid he) it an Italian, vhtm I formerly en. 
 ttrtniifd in r/.y Service , and one in vbom I confide : 
 He was takin by th? Turks at Sea ; and At [ctn as 
 he m#i fold to thit Grandee, he acquainted me, in a 
 Ltftcr, wi:h hi; Condition, imploring my djjiftance 
 towards hit Ran'otn. I prom: id to redeem htm, on 
 (fa -Condition) 1 have told you ; and fince that, hs 
 lias net faifd t petftrm them his Mafter having 
 accepted the Piftols, andtnttrd in the Aflbciation : 
 that I htpe, in a little- Time, to fee that fraud ty- 
 rannical Race txtermivaitd, the Tartars deducted 
 fn,m Saecrjfion, and the Empire divided ky rhs 
 Sword of Strangers. Ragotski i' the only Qbfta. 
 tie that Prirce is wavering, and me cant trvft 
 film The Baffa of Aleppo, with thefe of Sidon, 
 Damafcus and Babylon, are ready to cover the 
 Fi:ld: of Afia with their Armies, if Things vtre 
 en fcettre on the Side of Europe, the Blow jhaulct 
 fern be given. 
 
 There pafs'd fome other Difcourfe between 
 them, which Ofmin could not diflinguifh, in re- 
 gard they removed to the Window, and fpoke 
 low. But this was enough to rouze hisCuriofity, 
 and put him on a farther Inquifition. 
 
 As foon as the Room was void by their Ab- 
 fence, he came forth from his Retirement, and 
 fell to examining the Papers which lay on 'the 
 Table, hoping to difcovermore of this Plot-$ but 
 lie was difappointed, and only met with'a few 
 Letters from his Agents in England Wherein, a- 
 mong other Matters they gave the Cardinal an 
 Account, That they btd. hunted the Lion into the 
 Toils, fafl all Hopes tf em Efcape. By which, I 
 fuppofe, they meant the Englijb King, whom the 
 Rebels have confin'd'to a certain Caftle in their 
 PofTeifrcn. Ofmin tranfcribed fome of thefe Let. 
 ter, and brought them to me. A Copy of one 
 of them, There fend theeenclofed : Twas writ- 
 ten
 
 Vol. III. a SPY af PARI'S. 263 
 
 ten from the Council of the Irijb Rebels, By which 
 thou may 'ft fee what a Share the Cardinal has in 
 abetting thefe Tray ton. Elfc how could they 
 demand of him, Thi Performance of the Queen Re- 
 gent J Promife, to ajjift him with Mtncy and Men? 
 
 There is one alib dated this prefent Year, and 
 fubfcribed by Monfieur BtUiewe, the Trench Am. 
 bajfadar in England : But Ofmin had not time to 
 rranfcribe that, being prevented by the Cardinals 
 Return , which made the Dwarf fnatch up his 
 Tools, and abfcond under the Table. Yet he re- 
 member'd fome of the Contents of that Letter, 
 and told them me at his next Vifit : The dmbaf- 
 fader, in that Letter, informs the Cardinal, of a 
 certain German Prtphet, who foretold, That there 
 foould be g r eat Revolution in the Government of 
 England, and that one of the might left tf all the 
 Eaftern Princes, [ktuld be defaced tk<$ Tear, and 
 murde^d by hit Subjefts. (I pray Heaven, avert 
 the Omen from the Seraglit.) He acquaints this 
 Minifler alfo, That he had fucceeded in his Nego- 
 tiation with the Officers of the Rtbeli Army* 
 There were other obfcure PafTages in the Letter, 
 which ofmin has forgot. But thefe are fufficient 
 to demonftrate, how bufy the Cardinal is, and 
 what a Hand he has in foreign Affairs. 
 
 Another Opportunity, I hope, will bring to 
 Light more of this Minijtert Secrets. Adieu. 
 
 Paris, ttfila of the 6th Mctn, 
 of thi Ttar 1648. 
 
 LET-
 
 x&4 LETTERS Wrh ly Vol. IIL 
 
 LETTER XVI. 
 
 To Pefteli-Hali, &is Brother. 
 
 TH E ofrner I perufe the Journal of thy TV*, 
 i/f//, the more I am delighted with it. For 
 it is evident, That the Caun:nei through which 
 thou has pafs'd, have been as To many Schools of 
 IVtfdow to thee ; wherein thou haft learn'd, even 
 from Men's Meet, the Way to I'erfe&itn ; much 
 more from their Vertuei. Thou had found, That 
 though Mens natural Difpofitions differ, as do the 
 Climates, which afford them Breath ; yet they all 
 agree mtctmmon Frailties. There are alfo Pites 
 peculiar to certain Countries- 'twere to be wifh- 
 ed they could be match'd with as many -national 
 yirluts. But Human Nature is a rank SY, more 
 fertile in Wetd!, than wbolifome Produtts. Yet 
 there are Gardens, as well as Defarti : And thou, 
 haft obferved feme Perfons, illuftrious for their 
 Cioodnefs, and the noble Endowments of their 
 Minds 
 
 I am extreamly plcafed with that rare Example 
 of Generohty, which thou rdateft of an Indian 
 Merchant; who, not content to give Alms to all 
 that asli'd. him, or whom he knew to be poor, 
 fought daily Occafions to exercife his Charity, 
 hunted out the indigent .and unfortunate : And 
 where-ever he difcover'd the Lineaments of Po- 
 verty in a Man's Face, or traced Footfteps of it 
 in his Behaviour, he could not reft 'till he had 
 relieved his Wants, and made him happy, to his 
 ver-y Wlfhes. I tell thee, Poverty is a Hell upon 
 Ea-th; and Jie that has this Curfe, anticipates 
 -the To'tnenti of the Damnd. It eclipfes the 
 bri^hceft Wirtues , and is the very Sepulchre of 
 
 brayc
 
 VoL III. t SPY at PARIS. 
 
 brave Defigns : depriving a Man of the Means 
 to accomplilh, what Nature has fitted him for, 
 and {lifting the nobleft Thoughts in their Embryo. 
 How many illuftrious Souls may befaid, to have 
 been dead among the Living, or buried alive in, 
 the Obfcuricy of their Condition, -whole Perfe- 
 ctions have rendred them the Darlings of Provi- 
 dence, and Companions of Angels ; yet the infupe- 
 rable Penury of all Things, has rank'd them a- 
 mong the Cft-avys of the Earth, in the Eyes 
 of Men? To fuch as thefe, our Divine Lawgiver 
 commands us to extend our Charity, giving us 
 certain Characters and Marks, by which we may 
 diftinguilh them from the Crowd of the Unfor- 
 nate. And, I like the Indian's Bounty the bet- 
 ter, in that he fo exa&Iy feems to comply with 
 this Precept of the ^koran, generoufly prevent- 
 ing the Requefts of the Indigent, and by an Ex- 
 ce'is of Benignity, courting them to accept of 
 Relief. In this he alfo verifies the Arabian Pro- 
 verb, which fays, He gives double, who gives ttn- 
 aik'd. 
 
 'Thou commendeft the Induftry of the Chintfe, 
 the Advances they have made in Arts and Scien- 
 ces, which, thou concluded, is to be attributed 
 to the Force of their Laws, which oblige the 
 Son to follow his Father's Trade, throughout 
 all Generations. In this I muft diiTent ; for, ic 
 ieems rather a Curb, than a Spur to Ingenuity, 
 to be confin'd to Employments, for which a 
 Man may have an Averfion. The Son not feldom 
 abhorring thofe~ Things , wherein his Parents 
 took Delight. Or, if not fo, yet he may be 
 caft in a finer Mold, have a more fubtle Inven- 
 tion ; and confequently, be capable of making 
 greater Improvements, in any Trade of his own 
 Choice: Since, Delights fets an Edge on ^ the 
 Mind, gives Vigour to the Body, and adds Wings 
 
 N to
 
 2,66 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 to Bufinefs. Befides, I do not think this tobefo 
 much thy own Remark, as the Infmuation of fome 
 of that Country, who are the moft conceited 
 People in the World ; ever extolling their own 
 Policy, Lavs and Governments ; and impofing them 
 as a Pattern to all other Nations. 
 
 One thing I grant they boaft of with a great 
 deal of Truth, that is, their Antiquity and un- 
 mix' d Race. Though fince the Conqmft the Tar. 
 t^s have made of that Country, they are like 
 to undergo the Fate of other Nations, and cor- 
 rupt their Genealogist with the BltoJbf Strangcrt. 
 
 Thou cameft away before that Cor.^ueft was 
 begun, or, perhaps, before 'twas talk'd cf. And 
 I can give thee but a very imperfecl Account of 
 -it. All the Intelligence we have from that King- 
 dom of late, comes in Fragments : For the Ships 
 which bring this fhatter'd News, left China in 
 an Uproar and Confufion : Only they allure us, 
 That the Tartart had patted the celebrated Wall, 
 which divides them from China-. That they en- 
 ter' J and fubdued the Northern Province}, with 
 an Army of Six hundred thoufand Men : That 
 very little Refinance was made againft them, not 
 even in Peqttin it felf, the capital Seat of the 
 Chinefe Empire, which the Ulurper Lycungz. had 
 abandon' J to the Cenqueron, carrying away with 
 him all the ineftimable Treafures of the Palace, 
 and retiring into one of the remote Province: , 
 was never heard of afterwards. Whence it was 
 judged, that fome of his own Party had murder'd 
 him; partly for the fake of his prodigious Wealth, 
 vrhich they ftiared among them; and partly to 
 Mve..ge Iris Treafon againflr the Emperor, and the 
 innumerable Calamities he had brought upon his 
 Touiitr-y. 
 
 Before
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS." 167 
 
 Before thofe Merchants came away, the Chain 
 of Tanary was proclaimed in Petfuin, and crown'd 
 Emperor of China. They fay, He was not above 
 Thirteen Years old at that Time, which was 
 in the izth Mean of the Year 1644. And that 
 Slaving fent for the chief Nobility of Ttrtary to 
 Pequin, he made Preparations to purfue his Con- 
 quefts. 
 
 This is the beft Account we yet have of the 
 Affairs of that Empire ; by which thou wilt ea- 
 fily be induced to be of my Opinion, That the 
 Blood of the Chinefer, will in Time be mix'd with 
 that of Stranger], 
 
 We muft not feek for the Originals of any 
 People in the Country where they dwell. The 
 rnoft renowned Kingdoms and Empires in the 
 Wurld, had their firft Foundations laid by Vaga- 
 bond! and Fugitives. Thou art not ignorant how 
 vaft an Extent the ancient Roman Empire had 
 through Aft*, Africa and Europe; yet that City, 
 which was call'd the Mijlrefs of Naiiom, the Go* 
 verneft of th whole Earth, was firfr. built by a 
 handful of Ban/titti, People who lived by Pillage 
 and Robbery, the Out- Laws and Scum of /''//, 
 -aflembled together from divers Parts, under 
 the Conduct of Romulus and Rkemus. Neither 
 had that City proved any better than a Sepulchre 
 to them and their Defigns, had they not, by 
 a witty Stratagem , over-reach'd the Sahine 
 Women, and fo lecured to themfelves a Pofte- 
 rity, who Ihould not only defend, but enlarge 
 the Dominions of their Fathers : Yet thefe Peo- 
 ple, of fo obfcure and confufed an Original, af- 
 terwards boafted of the Antiquity and noble 
 Defcent of their Families. No Name mora 
 venerable in ftiCceeding Ages, than that of a 
 
 N a To
 
 L E T T ER s Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 To took no farther than the great and formi- 
 dable. Empire - of the Ofixant, \ve fliall find it took 
 its firft Rife from Colonies of tranfplanted Scythi- 
 ans ; To that he that would have the Genealogy 
 c.f a Turk, niuft lock in the Regifters of Greece, 
 ' where they now live, but muft carry his Search 
 Leyond the Mountain Caucafm, examine the Bor- 
 ders of Pains Mxotit, or hunt his Pedigree out in 
 Cher j one fut. What Revo:'ttt!Ms have not happened 
 in J/ia and Afnck, fince the jjfumftian oi: the 
 Mrffexgir of God into Paiaiifc! Where fliall we 
 now find any Remains of the ancient Sarccn.< t 
 or Marwalukcs ? The mighty Empire of the Ottt. 
 mam has f wallowed up all. Thus one Nation ex- 
 pels another, and, there Is fo general a Mixture 
 of Foreign -Blood, made by the Couverfion of in- 
 numerable different Nations, to the Mvffulman 
 F*irh, that it is hard to know, whether our 4n. 
 C'flirs were Scycbiiins or Parthian;, Jews or Greci- 
 ans ; whether they were of the Mountains or the 
 Valleys, of the Fore ft s or the Plains. 
 
 In this I will except my Countrymen, the dr. 
 I'ant, and thofe who feem to approach neareft 
 them in manner of Life the Ttrtars ; the one 
 Dwelling in Tejits, the other in Waggons; both 
 in a moving Pofture ; both happy in this That 
 they are not confiji'd to the Rigors cf a cold Win- 
 ter, nor the fcorching Heats of the Summer ; but 
 change their Soil and Climate, as the Seafon of 
 the Year varies : Thus, ever iecuring to themfelves 
 in all Places, either a blooming flow'ry Spring, or 
 n moderate and fruitful Jurumn Thefe were 
 never fubdued. nor expelled thofe Regions where- 
 in they take Delight, neither would they ever 
 mix with Stronger?. But, the Chinefe would ex- 
 cel all the Wcrld in the Purity of their unmix'd 
 Blood, were it not for the Incurjtons of their po- 
 uenc and yi^onous Neighbours, 
 
 The
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARTS. 109- 
 
 The French lay, That thefe People had the Ufsr* 
 of GKWJ and Printing, many Hundreds of Years 
 before they were found out in Eu>-opt. But the 
 G(rrn*n: claim the Honour of thefe I/iven:ions tcr 
 themfelves 
 
 Thou confirmed the Opinion of the former, in 
 telling me, Thou haft feen fome of the Cannon 
 belonging to the City of Pe<jy!, on which w a. 1 ? 
 engraven, in Chinefe Char afters, a R<g'/te>- of their 
 s-'ge, which was above Two thoufanJ Years. 
 
 I had a great 'deal more to lay. dear Pfft-li t but 
 the Poji calls ou me to haftcn ; beiidcs, an ex- 
 treme Dulnefs and Languifliing of my Spirits, 
 with which I have been perfecuted, ever fines 
 this MOM firft fliewed her-Cre/cent : Now tte is in 
 the Wan?, and fo, I hope, is my Malady. The !:>.- 
 fiuence this Planet feems to have on me, may 
 make thee conclude me a Lumntck : We are all 
 fo, in one Degree or other. There are nor more 
 apparent Sympco:r.. r ., That the Flux and R'flux of 
 rhe Sej, owes "its Original to the Neighbourhood 
 ;ind Motion of that Planet, than that our Co _/?/- 
 tutions vary, according to its Monthly ^ppearan* 
 tef. 
 
 He that created the Mion, and the Ca*feOatien'' t 
 not without refpeft to Mankind, give us W>fd. -4 
 which ihall entitle us to a Dominian over the S'A" \ 
 
 Paris, \$th of the 8'7; 
 of (he Tear 
 
 N LET-
 
 LITTERS writ ly Vol. Hi; 
 
 LETTER XXII. 
 
 Jo the Aga of the Janizaries. 
 
 H E Duke of Chajiilhn arrived here fix 
 X Days ago, from the Army in Flanders^ bring- 
 ing News of a fignal Viftory obtain'd by rhe 
 young P'ince of Cotide, on the Pi*;m of Ltns. 
 This Battle was fought on the ssth of the laft 
 Moon ) the /=>? having entirely routed the Sfa. 
 nirdi t kill'd Three thoufand of them on the Spot, 
 , taken Six thoufand Prifoners, with all their Artil- 
 Jery and Baggage. And, to crown the Day, they 
 have taken Lens alfo- 
 
 But though Ftrti&e thus favours their Arms 
 abroad, ihe has mix'd Poilbn with their Coun- 
 iels at home. All Things here feem to portend 
 a Civil War ; The parliament thwart the Pro- 
 ceeding: of the Court, taking on them the Power 
 of the ancient Spartan ILpheri : They will be Com- 
 ptrollers of the regal Authority, fupprefling the 
 King's Edicfr, calling his Expences to account ; 
 and, pretending to reform the CoMrf.they play the 
 Pedagogue} with thefr Sovereign. On the other 
 fide, Cardinal Mazarini, the Duke of Orleans, and 
 other Grandies, do their utmoft Endeavours to dif- 
 folve the Meetings of this Senate. They perfuade 
 rhe young King, That it is but a precarioui Retgn, 
 where the Savsreign muft be curb'd by his S*l>- 
 jtff' : Thus they inftill into his tender Years, 
 thofe Mtximf by which they would have him 
 rule, when he comes of Age. 
 
 There is a Man in the Parliament whom they- 
 call f-toiijteur B-vffelt, one of their' great Counlel- 
 Jr.rs, a bitcer Enemy of Cardinal Mezarini, and 
 rheref^re cry'd yp by the Pfaptf for a Pa:riv : He 
 
 ii
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARIS- ^7f 
 
 is of a furious Temper, and mean Abilities ; yet 
 his noify Zeal for the publish Lib-.ny. has faften'd 
 to him the v*/gar : He is become the Ringleader 
 of the Seditions. 
 
 This Man was feiz,'d as he returned from the 
 chief Temple, where Te Dutm was fang Yefter- 
 day, for the late Viftory in Flandtrs : And fume 
 are of Opinion, That 'twas this happy News which 
 emboldened the Court to fnarch from the People 
 their D*rlin^ their Idot, the Man from whofe 
 Courage they expert a Redrefs of all their Grie- 
 vances. Indeed, one may fay, It would feem 
 fafer from a Traveller in the Defarts of //'*/*, 
 to tear from a Litaefs her young one : For, the 
 H ii of the Faftion waited but for fuch an OpV 
 portunity to fet all in a Flame. And the ill Sue- 
 ce.fs of the Court in this Aftion, mews, That it 
 is dangerous to provoke the Mul itude : For pre- 
 fently we were all in Confufjon, the Bu-'gef^is in 
 Arms, the Shops (hut up, the Streets chain'd, 
 and ail the Avenues of the Palace barricudo'd. 
 The Rabble marched up and down the Streets, 
 threatening DeftruHo,i to Cardinal Mazan'ni. and- 
 a'l his Party. The Parliament were forced to be- 
 come the MjfiKgtrj of the People, to carry, their 
 Pftitianr, or raciur their Commands, to the Court 
 lining threaten'd alfo, if they failed of Svtccefs : 
 For they protefted unanimoudy, That they 
 would nor lay down their Arms, 'till the impri- 
 lon'd Counfellor was releafed. 
 
 The Queen appear'd at firfl: inexorable, and 
 fcnt their Senators away with Denial and Scoffs, 
 wifhing them Joy of their new Honour in be- 
 ing made the Porien of the Rabbi*. And the 
 young Mon#> eh. incenfed to fee his native Loyalty 
 thus prophaned by his Suje8s, bent his Brows ; 
 and carting a Look , divided betwixt ^Majefty 
 and Difdain -, on the Senators , utter'd thefe 
 N 4 Words;
 
 LETTERS^/-// ly Vol. III. 
 
 Words, Sirs ! Shall it alvaji bt a Cttftotn, that 
 tt molifl the Minoriry of your Kings ? Or, de ytu 
 think our tender Ttarj incapable of the common Senfe 
 tf o:kcr Mortals, that }ou frefume thui infolently to 
 invade our Rights ? Accuse not the Mulritude, nor 
 make thim an Umbrage tt your Sedition : / know 
 the Authors of thefe Tumults, ar.d flat! find Time 
 to make them feel the Weight of my Difplealure 
 Think not, that I wear this Sword nly / Orna- 
 ment [laying his Hand fiercely en his Hilt] of, 
 That the Blocd of n,j RmovJitd Anceftors, it g'twn 
 degenirate, cr turned :o Leei within my Veins. Co 
 tell your jaflieus Ccmradef, there Jits this Day uptn 
 the Throne of Trance a King, v>hi, though hit 
 )oung, yet hat a Spirit and Memory vh'ch will tut - 
 loft Us rvpi/i'agc. With that he commanded them 
 out of his Sight. 
 
 Yet notwithflanding this the People threafneit 
 to bring their Darling away by Force, if he were 
 not releafed in two Hours. 
 
 There were above a Hundred Thoufand of 
 them in Arms, and it might have proved a dan- 
 gerous InJnrrtSini, Uut, the Quten, ac the fe- 
 cond return- to the Stvatin, hearkning to the 
 Advice cf Mazarini. and the Duke of Orleans, 
 and remcmbring the Jate dreadful Effefts of 
 Majfiantlio's Tumult in Naples, releas d the Pr> 
 foner ; who was conduced home Jafi: Night 
 in Triumph, by an infinite Crowd of People, 
 who filled the Air with Shouts and Acclama- 
 tions. 
 
 It is clifcourfed here, That tFe Prince of Ccna'e 
 will fpeedily return to Pan's : From whom, both 
 the Court and the pattion, promiie themfelves new 
 Grounds of Triumph. 
 
 During thefe Commotions, Mahm*t fails not 
 to aft his Part , being at no fmall Expence, 
 to maintain a certain Number of Strangers , 
 
 whofe
 
 Vol. III. tfSpy at PARTS. 27 j 
 
 tvhofe whole Dependence is on me : Thefe I in. 
 ftruft to mix themfelves with the Rabble, to infi- 
 nuatje into them hateful Notions of Cardinal Ma, 
 xr/w/ and the Court. They buz up and down the 
 City, like Flies in this hot Seafon, and fting the 
 Multitude to Fury with their Stories. I fpare no 
 Coil to procure the Cardinal's Ruin: -That per- 
 nicious Wit comes not fhort of his Predeceilbr 
 Ri'chlieti) being as aftive in embroiling foreign 
 Statef : VVitnefs the Revolutions of Portugal, Ca:a, 
 Ionia, England and Naples ; (in all which he had 
 a principal Hand) and is ever projecting, How-to 
 aggrandize his Mafter. And the universal Succefs 
 of the French Arms In Gtrmanj, Fl~ind?n, Italy, 
 andSpain, has left them nothing worth a Thought, 
 but the Deftruftion of the Qfman Empire. 
 
 Eliachim brings me News. every Hour, how my 
 Mfrmijon* fncceed ; for he afts abroad in 
 Streets while I keep my Chamber, during ths 
 Tumults, being of Dwtfthtneis Mind, who, when 
 the A'k^ntani were in an Uproar, took Sanftuary 
 in the Temple of Palla-, and proftrating himfelf 
 before the Altar of the Gcd&f', utter 'd thefe 
 Words; O Pallas, / fly to thee fsr-Prieclion ; de- 
 fend me from Ignorance, Envy, and h.co'jlancy ; 
 for 1 I ov t riot the Stci'.ty -of the O^l; "the Dragor^ 
 an'dtieftoflt. 
 
 Yet. whether in my Chamber or Abroad, be 
 allured, Hhifh'idus Prtfcft of the Imperial Ciry, 
 TJ;at Mahmut divides his Time between the Vv>i 
 he makes,, ar.d the Services he does for the G-ar 
 Sigwar. 
 
 Par's, 3-^e/" tfc f)'h V.. 
 of th\' Tiar 1648; ' 
 
 N - L V.
 
 174 L* **ERs irritly Vgl. Ill, 
 
 LETTER XVIII. 
 To Achmet Beig. 
 
 ^nr* H I S Court is now in Meurxing for the Deatli 
 
 L of Uladiflaus, late King of Poi*nd; whilft 
 the Politicians are canvafing the next ' EleSion, 
 Thofe, who fide with the H<w/ of duftria favour 
 the Succejjinn of Privet Charles but the French are 
 for Ca/imir, their former Priibner. 
 
 The Duke of Bavaria is alfo Dead. They fay 
 he died of Grief, to fee his Country expo fed to 
 the InloJts of a triSwMo Enemy ;for alJ his Forces 
 were entirely defeated. 
 
 The Prince of Cs</e has taken Ipre in Fland-rs 
 and the drch-Dilke of duftria has render'd him- 
 felf Mailer of Courtray, without drawing a Sword, 
 or firing a Gun : The Marefckal de Rantzau has 
 made an unhappy Attempt to furprize Ojicnd, a 
 Sea.Town in flandert. For, carrying his Forces 
 by Water, as foon as he had landed his Men, 
 A Tempeft aroie, and drove all his Ships out to 
 Sea : So that, being encompafled by a nume- 
 jcus Army of his Enemies, and having no Way 
 *o eicape, he and all his Troops were made Pri- 
 ibners. 
 
 From the Sea, we have Advice, That there has 
 teen a Combat between the Duke of Richlie*, 
 Commander of the Naval Forces fent to affift the 
 WeapoHl 1 Rewltirs, and Den John of ^fujiria, Adm 
 miral of t!\e Spanijk Fleet on that Coaft : But the 
 Iflue of the Battle is not yet known ; tho' mod 
 People guefs the Viftory to be on the Frttvh Side > 
 in regard Cardinal Mazarini had, by the Advice 
 of an hditv Ship- Wright, caufed all the frtneb 
 Ships to be plaifter'd over with dllw, Iv that no 
 
 Fir*
 
 Vol. III. a SPY at PARI'S. 17? 
 
 Fire-Ships can hurt them. The Spaniard! make 
 great uie of thele Fire- Ships in all their Sea 
 Fights, having learn'd to their Op ft, from the 
 Engitjb, what Damage thefe Veiiels do, when 
 they formerly loft their whole /}*m*<i*. which 
 they before term'd Invincible, and with which 
 they failed to conquer that 1/ljnd. 
 
 From Catalonia the Ports bring Xcws, which 
 pleaies the Wives and Friends of the Soldiers in 
 thofe Parts : For the Marffthal dt Scomberg has ct C 
 in pieces the Spaxifb Army, taken TorteJ'a by Af- 
 fault, where the Soldiers found a Booty of above 
 Fifteen hundred thoufand Liver f. 
 
 A Courier Is come from Swcdtlar.d, who bring* 
 an Account of a late formidable Confpiracy in" 
 Rujfia, againft the Life of the Czar. The greateft 
 part of the Atufepvite Grandtei \vels concei'n'd in 
 this Plot, ue/tgningto change the Form of Gent rr.. 
 taent, and divide tFiat mighty Emfire into feveral 
 Principalities, whereof every one of the Gmffir*- 
 tors fliould have a Share. And that they fliould 
 be all fubjecl to one Chief, who fliould be ele- 
 61ed by the reft, after the Manner of Germany. 
 To this Purpofe, they had made a private Treaif 
 with the Tartars. Morofipb, the prime Minifttr 
 of State , and the Chancellor Nazari, were of the 
 Confpiracy. Perhaps thsu wilt lament the Fate 
 of the latter, having received extraordinary 
 Civilities from him, when thou wert ac thac 
 Court. 
 
 B*ni>awfb, Son of the Patriarch of Mofce, re- 
 Veal'd the Pitt, with the Name t of the Con fair *- 
 tn'i, to the &rtnd Duke -. Who fent to them next 
 D<iy to his Palace, under divers Pretences, where 
 he commanded them all to be kill'd, and their 
 Bodies to be thrown CO ths Dogs in the Streets of 
 thac City. 
 
 N 6
 
 il '6 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III.' 
 
 The Punch report flrange Things of Sultan 
 Ib.-akiM : I wi/h all go well at the fblimc Port. 
 If thou haft the fame Defires, reveal them to none 
 but thy Friend ; for at Ibme Times a Man's beft 
 Thoughts will be interpreted for Tie*fm. Adieu-, 
 
 Paris, i $rh of the ivt'n Mow, 
 if the Ttar 1648. 
 
 LETTER XIX. 
 
 To the Mufti. 
 
 TH Y venerable Letters are come fafe to m? 
 Hands, bringing Light and Confolation to 
 'he faithful Exile. With profoundeft Reverence 
 .1 kifs'd and unfolded the Papers, which contain 
 the facred Inftruftions of the Wear of God. I blef- 
 led my felf, when I read the Charge of toyal En- 
 ormities, tfie exorbitant PaiTions of a Mfffulman 
 ^Emperor, and the Prophanation of the Tkrere 
 founded on Jufiice. Thou haft prevented the 
 Qualms of a too fcrupulcus Loyalty, by afTuring 
 me, That it is a fundamental Maxim of our Lav, 
 Tkt aS Men in tkt World, without rtfpeff of Birth or 
 Quality, art ebliged to appear btfore the "3xftice of 
 God : And, That he vho ebtys rot the Law, ii no 
 Muffulman : And, If fhe Erxfiror hh* felf be in thii 
 JKuinter, he ought to be defefrd forthwith. 
 
 This has abundantly fatisfied my Confcience, 
 coming from the Hands of him, from whofe Sm- 
 rtnce there can be no ^fpval on E*rth. I {hall 
 therefore readily obey thy Orders ; and without 
 Demur, put in Execution what thou haft com- 
 manded me. 
 
 Wha
 
 Vol. III. a SPY fit PARIS. 177 
 
 Who can blame the juft Indignation of Sultan 
 Marat's Widow, who in defence of her Chaftity, 
 threatned to fheath her Ponyard in the Breaft of 
 her Sovereign ? But, incomparably more eminent, 
 was thy Daughter's Virtue, who not being able 
 to refill the Force of the mighty Ra-vijber, after 
 fhe was polluted, would, like another Lucretia, 
 have ftabb d her felf, had fhe not been prevent- 
 cd by the Sultan. How has he fully'd the Gloiy 
 of the Ofman Race, by thefe effeminate Vicet : 
 What an Indignity has he committed againft our 
 holy Law ? Againft the principal Patriarch of the 
 Etrfl? Much more noble, was the Continence 
 of the African Sclpio, who, when at the Conqueft 
 of New Carthage, a Virgin of admirable Beauty 
 was chofen from among the Captives and pre- 
 fented to him, would by no Means defi-Je her, 
 but rertor'd her again without Blemifh to her 
 Parents, faying withal, to thofe that ftood near 
 him, Were I * private Man, I vnstild gratify my 
 PoJfiuH, by the Enjoyment of (hit lovely Maid ; kur, 
 it becomes not the Leader cf an Army, to give fo bud. 
 en Example ; nor a Conqueror^ to yield hit Heart ta 
 the Charms of hii Captive. 
 
 But it feemSj That Sultan Ibrahim was rather 
 ambitious of the Charafter of duguflns the Roman 
 Enpeicr, of whom it is faid, That he never fpared 
 any Woman in his Luft: But if he caft his Eye 
 on a beautiful lady, though her Husband were 
 of the firfl Quality in the Empire, he would im- 
 mediately fend his Officers, to bring her to him 
 by fair Means or by Force. 
 
 The Philosopher Atbcnodorit', who was Very 
 intimate with this Monarch took a pretty Method 
 to reform this Vice in his Maft<.r. For, when the 
 Emperor one Day had lent a clofe Sedan or Chair , 
 for a certain Noble W^man^ of the Houfe of the 
 the l j kilofipher fearing fome Difafter 
 
 might
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol . III. 
 
 might enfue, (for that Family was very popu- 
 lar, and highly refpected in Rome,) he goes be* 
 fore to the Lady's Palace and acquainting her 
 with it, fl;e complain d to her Husband of the 
 Indignity was offer'd her. He boiling with 
 Anger, threatened to ftab the Meflengers of the 
 Enptrvr, when they came. But the prudent Phi- 
 lofopb;r appeas'd them both, and only deilr'd a 
 Suit of the Lady's Apparel, which was granted 
 him He foon put it on, and hiding his Sword 
 under his Robes, enter'd the Sedan, perfonating 
 the Lady. The Meflengers, who knew no other, 
 carried him away to rhe Empcnr. He, heighten 'd 
 virh Defire, made hafte to open the Sedan him- 
 felf When A'.hcnsdorw, fuddenly drawing his 
 Sword, leap'd forth upon him, faying, Thus 
 might eft than have been murdeSd: Wilt thou never 
 quit the Vice, which is Attended with fo much Dan- 
 ger ? Jtaloufj and Revenge wght have futftiiutfd 
 en Affaflm tkuf dtfguifid in my room : But / tack 
 Care of iky Life. Hinceforth take Warning. The 
 Emptror, pleas d with the Mt/ofW' Stratagem, 
 gave him ten Talents of Gold, thanking him for 
 this feafonable Correction : And from that time 
 began to reftrain unlawful Pleafures, applying 
 himfelf to. a virtuous Life. 
 
 Thou feeft, holy Prtl*tt t that by perufing the 
 llifttriei of the Ancients, a Man may furniJK hin> 
 felf with ufeful Examples, and proper Obferva- 
 tions. I always keep by me Plu:*rctfs Works, 
 and thofe of Livy, a Roman Hi finnan ; as alib 
 Taci:ut, who has left the Annals of that formi- 
 dable Empire to Pofterity. It were a defirable 
 thing, That the Mu/ulman Scnbei were employed 
 in tranflating fuch Rectrdt as thefe, into the Ara- 
 tick or Tarkijl) Languages : That fo the true Faith. 
 ful, who are dtftind by G>d to conquer the 
 World t may not be ignorant of the memorable
 
 Vol. III. a Spy at PARIS. ^7<) 
 
 Tranfaftions of former Ages. Some of our But, 
 tans have been curious, to have PluturcV^ Wri~ 
 tingt render' d in the familiar Speech of the Otto. 
 want. There are other Memoirs, not lefs worth 
 the Labour. If it fhalJ enter into my Heart, r.o 
 encourage ib profitable a Work, the whole Empire 
 of the rcfon'd to God, will be indebted to thee. 
 But, who am I, that prefume to direft the great 
 Father of the Faithful ? Thou art enliglitcn'd 
 with all Knowledge and Wifdom ! Peradventure 
 "thou haft Reafons to divert tuee from fuch an 
 Enterprise, which I cannot comprehend. There- 
 fore I cover my Mouth with Duft, andacquiefce. 
 
 As to the late Revolution, I arn not to difpute 
 the Will of my Superiors. However, I receive the 
 News of that Tragedy with lefs Difcontent, in re- 
 gard, thou thy felf who art the Oracle of the 
 Muffulmant, haft thought fie to depofe Sultan 
 Ibrahim ; ufing herein the Advice and Confent of 
 his o.vn Mftkf, and of Mahmut Ba/a, with that 
 of the Janiz*>- dg*< who, next to thy felf, are 
 two the moft knowing Sag es in the Empire. 
 
 What remains, but that I lhall pray for the long 
 Life of Sultan Mahmut? Defiring alib That Hia. 
 ven may fo direft his Counfels, that he may ne-. 
 Ver do any thing to merit the Fats of his unhappy 
 
 Paris, l}tk of the nth Moo t 
 of the Tear .1548. 
 
 L E T-;
 
 2 8 o LETTERS r r ><// -ly Vol. III. 
 
 T r T T P tf r) ^ 
 L Jb i I L K. A^. 
 
 , 
 To Chirurgi Muhanimel Bafla. 
 
 AT length the &;putict of the Nnz.arcni> Princet 
 at Ww/2"havc concluded a P* .- They 
 have been thefe fix Years debating about Trifles 
 and Pttnftilio's, as is the Manner of the Chrijliam, 
 even in the moft important Affai-rs. This Treaty 
 was iign'd the 24th of the laft A/ocw, when all 
 farther Hostilities ceas d on all Sides, except ( n. 
 the Parts of F.ance and Spain, whcfe Quarrel 
 could by no means be adjufled, in this general 
 Agreement of Cbrifliiieism. 
 
 . Thou hart by this Time heard of the late 
 
 Tumults anii Emotions in this City ; the Dii- 
 
 ait*c;cl:ion between the Gotvt and Parliament, with. 
 
 the ftiort Siege of P*rii. -Now Things fetm to 
 
 be compos'd, and in a Calm : But ic may only 
 
 prove a Truce, while both Parties take Breath, to 
 
 rufli upon each other with the greater Violence. 
 
 The City is urtaieafurably rich and populous, 
 
 and can arm an Hundred thoufand Men ar an 
 
 Hour's Warning. The- Parliament abets their 
 
 Quarrel : This encourages them to vie with 
 
 theCou't: The Merchants live like petty King! : 
 
 Abundance of Gold fills them with Pride and 
 
 Ambitio^. Whiltt t!ie Courf, in the mean time, 
 
 are clote and referv'd, projecting how to de. 
 
 ftroy the Fatfien, and aflert the regal du-horitj. 
 
 The Queen Regent is refolute and fevere, yet 
 
 fuffers her felf to be mollify'd with the milder 
 
 Counfels of Cardinal Mazarini, and the Duke of 
 
 Ot ham. 
 
 In the Beginning cf this Ra'gn, I gave an Ac- 
 count to the Miaijfen-o tlie Pert, QJHfae Duke of
 
 Vol. III. a SPY At PARIS. 181 
 
 Beaufort's Imprifonment in the Caft/e of the Wotd 
 of Vhieiennes, which is one of the King'i Palaces : 
 This Prince is now efcaped from his Confinement, 
 and come into the City : The Faftious cry him up 
 for a Panot, and are refolvedto proteft him with 
 their Lives and Fortunes 
 
 If thou yet retained thy Health and Vigour, 
 rhou art happy. As for me, I feel continual De- 
 cays; yet am not troubled, perceiving at tke 
 lame time that I approach nearer to immortality. 
 Wherefore I neither feek Rtfo a'tva, nor con- 
 fult Phyficia*i' t but fuffering my i'elf to diiTolve 
 gradually, Idle with Pleafure, pluming and pre- 
 paring my felf daily, as one read} to take Wing 
 for a more h?py 
 
 Paris, ityh of the \ith Ma:n > 
 of ike Year 1648. 
 
 LETTER XXI. 
 
 To Dgnet Oglou. 
 
 I A M not furpriz'd at the News of Sultan ll '<. 
 him's being depofed and ftrangled ? 'Tis but 
 what I have for a long dmefear'd : Thefe reftlefs 
 Janizaries will ruin the Ottoman Empire. Neither 
 am I ftartled to hear that his Mutker was accefTary 
 to his Fall, having a double Motive, Ambition 
 and Revenge, to induce her Confent. She al- 
 ways affefted to rule ; and therefore, could noc 
 brook the i/rw's refolute Management of Af- 
 fairs, without following her Advice. Befides, 
 Ihe could not eafily forget her Dilgrace and Con- 
 finement, on the account of the /tfrn* Lady's 
 Death. 
 
 But
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 But I am aftonifh'd and vex'd to hear, that 
 the Mufti fhcmld be concern 'd in fo Hack a 
 Tragtdj. How ihall we have the Confidence 
 hereafter, to reproach the Chr/Jtiam with their 
 frequent Treafetu and Murdering of their Kings j 
 fmce it will be eafy for them to retort, That the 
 fupreme Patriarch of our Lav has enter'd into 
 the Secret of Rebels, confpired the Death of his 
 Sovereign^ and caufed him to be deptfed and 
 fl fang led. 
 
 As for the dg* of t!ie Janizaries, I fuppofe 
 him rather over-aw'd into the Confpiracj, by the 
 forcible Reaftrtf and elegant Po-roh of the Muftf, 
 than any ways voluntarily engaging himfelf in 
 Crimes, to which he feems to have no Inclina- 
 tion. Befides, he could not refufe to make one 
 in the P*rty, afcer it had once been propofed to 
 him ; unlefs he were refolv'd to be the firft WcJim 
 of their Jealoufy, and be murder'd himfelf, to 
 .prevent the Difcovery of the reft. Yet his Du- 
 ty and Honour ought to have fuperfeded all other 
 Considerations: And he Jhould have chofeu to 
 die in his Allegiance, rather than to live ftain'd 
 with fo foul a Crime. 
 
 However it be, I cannot approve their Tretfon. 
 For whatever the Vices of the Sultan were, thty 
 had no Right to punifli him. He was account- 
 able to none but God : And they invaded the 
 Prertgan've of Ht*vcn, in dethroning him, who 
 the Di-vine Providence had inverted with the In. 
 ferial Diadem. 
 
 Much lefs can I approve their Impiety, in de- 
 faming him now he is dead. Neither can I in 
 Conscience comply with the Injunctions of the 
 Mu;:i. who has commanded me, in a Letter, to 
 fpread an ill Character of 'iul'.an Ibrahim, among 
 the Chriftians , that fo his own Pro:eedings 
 may appear juft. *Tis true, I ewe much t-> 
 
 the
 
 Vol. III. a SPY M PARIS. 83 
 
 the Authority of this foverei'gn Guide of true Bs- 
 lie-ucn yet I muft not, to pay this Debt, turn 
 Bankrupt of my Reafon : I owe fomething to 
 my felf, and to the diflinguijbing Character of a 
 Man. I promifed him, indeed, to obey his Com- 
 mands in this Point : But he rhat has given me 
 a Difpenfatitn for all the Lies and Perjuries I mall 
 be guilty of in P*ris t will, I hope, pardon me, 
 if I turn my own Cenftjffbr, and abfolve my felf, 
 for not performing my Word to him in this 
 Point. 
 
 I am not often guilty of afperfing the Livirrg, 
 but I abhor to injure the Dead ; left I ft.oukl in- 
 cur the Fate of him, who being at Enmity with 
 a famous Wnftltr, purfued him with Malice and 
 Revenge, even in his Grave. For envying the 
 Honour that was due to this Wrtfhr\ Memory, 
 in that his Statue was fee up in a tublick Place, he 
 went pirvately one Night, with defign to throw 
 the Statue down : But aker he had fpiglufully dif- 
 figurcd it in feveral Parts with a Hammer, and 
 was bufy in working its Overthrow ; the Image 
 on a fudden fell on him, and crufli'd him to 
 Death : As if the Spirit of him whom it repre- 
 fented, had given it this Fall, to revenge the Ma- 
 lice of his Adverfary. 
 
 Certainly, the Ancient: were not ignorant what 
 they faid when, among other fage Counfels, 
 they advifed Mortals, Nt t ffeak ill ef the Dead, 
 but to efteem them facred, vho are gont into the 
 immortal State. And Plato's Ring had this Motto 
 on it : ft 't en/itr to provoke the De*i, than to 
 f*c:fy them , token dice f'ovjkcil. Jnnmating 
 thereby, that the Seals of the Departed are fen- 
 fibe of the Injuries time are done them by the 
 Living. 
 
 Therefore I will fliun Detraction, efpecially 
 of the Dead, And, if I cannot fay much ifi 
 
 Praif*
 
 184 LETTERS Writ fy .Vol. III. 
 
 Praife of Sultan lbrnlnm\ F'irtutt, Jet his Ficef be 
 buried with him 1 ' in tt'emzl Oblivion. 
 
 I run no Hazards In writing thus frankly to 
 thec being aflur'd of thy Fidelity. Bc'ides, 
 Death (which is the worft Punifhment can be 5n- 
 flifted on me for what I have laid, Jliould it be 
 known,) would nor be bitter, when given by- a 
 Friend. Dear Dgn;t t adieu, 
 
 Paris, ivth of the \fl 
 - of ike Tear 
 
 LETTER XXH. ] 
 
 To Danecmar Kefrou a Kudiiifquer 
 
 of Romania'. 
 
 
 
 WH EN I informed rfceo how the Scjts had 
 fold their King to the JSjy^jl R.bcls, it was 
 e.ify to prefage the Confequence, without a Reve- 
 lation. When Sovereign Mcna-:hi become the Mer- 
 chandize of Fafthns, they commonly pay the 
 Price with their own Blood: And. there are few 
 Examples of-^rincej that, have bco.i imprifon'd "by 
 the!r Sa'y ffs, and yet have e leaped .a violent 
 Death: For the fe who have 'once advanced f 
 in their TreAfoH, as to icize the ' Per fin of their 5o- 
 vercign, can never retire with Safety to them- 
 felves, or at' lean- their own Guilt makes them 
 think fo. ' The Cdnfdou fuels of what they have 
 already done, prompts them to proceed ia r 
 Wickcdnefi: and their Defpair" .of Hiving t 
 own Lives, makes tl^em concruJe it nec'efl;iry to 
 take away // whofe violated Majeftj, ; they fl.ir, 
 xvill never pardon fo impudcn,r an lTay "of Tna. 
 fan. 
 
 Eut
 
 Vol.111, a SPY At PARIS. 18^ 
 
 But the Method which the Englijl) have taken 
 ta inurther their King, has not a Precedent in Hi- 
 ftbry : Thefe //^/; have out-ftripp'd all former 
 fraytoi-s, in the Contrivance and Execution of 
 their Regicide . They have even furpafs'd them- 
 ieJves, and their own firft Defigns. 
 
 It has been ufual for Trajtort, to take away 
 the Life of a depos'd Monarch privately, by Poi- 
 fon or Allan*!!!, either in refpeft to his royal Blood, 
 or to avoid the Portability of a Refcue, from any 
 of his loyal Friends and Subjects. But, thefeBar- 
 bwians were refolved pubjickly to infult on Ma. 
 j(ft)', to brave the whole World in .the Execution 
 of their Vilkny ; and make a pompous Conclufi- 
 on of their Tretfons. For, They erefted a new >/ 
 van, or Court of Judicature, compofed of the moft 
 infamous Traytors : There they formally try d 
 their Sovereign, by a Law of their oy>nmak:ng ; con- 
 denin'd him as a Tyrant and a Traytor : And 
 finally, Caufed his Head to be chopt off with an 
 Axe^ by an Excf'uti'ontr,. before the Gates of his 
 own Palace, in the Sight of Thoufands of his Sub* 
 jeSs ; that fo they might appear, not fo much to 
 kill their King, as to deftroy the Monarchy it felf 
 and triumph in its Ruin. 
 
 Haft thou, O venerable Judge of >the faithful, 
 ever read or heard of fuch a daring Trcafen ? All 
 Europe (l.artles at the monftrous Fat. And Cardi- 
 nal #**<>''' himfelf, who carried on that private 
 Web of factious Defign in England, whofe firft 
 Threads his Predecefer Richlieu had fpun ; yet ex- 
 preffed an Horror, at the News of this Tragidj. 
 And, I lo)k not on this to be an Artifice of Po- 
 licy in him, to blind the World ; but a real Dif- 
 covery of h-'s Sentiments : For he is too generous 
 to approve fo barbarous a Proceeding againft a 
 Monarch, though his Enemy. 
 
 T'other
 
 LETTERS Writ ly Vol. III. 
 
 T'other Day he was heard to fry, That in R 
 <venge of the King'/ Murder, he wtttld embarrafs ihe 
 Cottnfels of the Englifh Rebels, more, than he h*tt 
 done ;hofe of their Sovereign.. 
 
 This was not fpoken lb fecretly, but Makmut 
 had Intelligence of it within an Hour: For I have 
 more Ears in Paris, than thofe in my Head, to 
 hearken after the Intrigues of this Mini ft or And 
 it will be difficult for him hereafter to fpeak,write 
 or aft any thing ; no, not even in his private Clo- 
 fet, which will not be difclofed to me. 
 
 Yet, though I thus watch his Motions as an E- 
 nemy, and do my utmoft to render his Defigns 
 againft the O f ,tom*n Port ineffeclual, I cannot 
 in my Heart condemn this Minifler, who all the 
 while acls but the part of a faithful Servant, 
 and an able Statffman, in ftriving' to aggrandize 
 his Mnjier. 
 
 His fupporting alfothe Faflisns in England, and 
 nourifting the Dilcontents of that giddy beaded 
 People, were but the Refult of his Zeal for his 
 Country, and for the Church, whereof he is oe 
 cf the principal Pillars : It being evident from his 
 Grief at that King's Murder, That he bore no Ma- 
 lice againft him, but only fought to humble him 
 into Terms of Compliance with France. 
 
 When I fay this, I fuppofe the CW/Ws Sor- 
 row on that account, to be free from Fiftion : But 
 who knows when the Aftions of Statefmen are un 
 difguii'd, and when not '( For I am well aflured, 
 That whilft his Agents were bufy in embroiling 
 that Nation, he prom ifed the exiled Englijb Queen, 
 to aflift her Husband with Men and Money againft 
 thofe very Rebels, with whom he held a private 
 Correfpondence, and to whom his Coffers were 
 really open. 
 
 Moft of the European stattfmen are corrupted 
 with the Maximt of a certain famous Writer 
 
 whom
 
 Vol. III. aSpY at PARIS. 
 
 whom they call Matchiavel. This State 
 has taught them, to boggle at no Crimes, which 
 may advance the Ends they aim at j every thing, 
 in his Opinion, being honeft , that it fuccefiful. 
 Thus, Policy among the Nazarcnei, is degenerated 
 into fordid Craft : And that which was once de. 
 fervedly efteem'd a Pirtue, neceflary to the Go. 
 vernrnenti of the World, is now turn'd into a Pice 
 of which the very Out-Laws, Free-Hooters and 
 Pirates, are aflianvd. 
 
 Gtd, who fuffer'd the Earth to be Inhabited by 
 \Angt\s, for an infinite Number of jge: before he 
 created AAum y and then expelling them hence for 
 their Wickednefs, and turning them to Devilt, 
 gave this Glole for a dwelling Place to Men- 
 grant, That the enormous Crimes of Mtrtplnruy 
 not provoke him to exterminate our human Race, 
 ,and reftore the Devi It to their ancient Habit at ionr. * 
 
 Paris, iztb of the zd Mean, 
 of the Year 
 
 The End of the Third Volume.
 
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