GIFT OF 
 

 ( UN IV y } 
 
 LINALPHA 
 
 /* 
 
A 
 
 _s -f- - -?- - 
 
 x o 
 
 r r c 
 
 /- ^./ A/. - - 
 
 ~f 
 
 A- A. - A- 
 
 -a/ _ 
 
 > 
 X 
 
 
 (* <0 
 
 InLtLAjC irplv-el. attf <x\s 
 4*St*JZJ so 
 
 , P 
 
 305745 
 
-; 
 
 A A 
 
 /L- if- 
 
 i\ 
 
 -< 
 
 fr 
 
 7 
 
 t/./ 
 
 A 
 X- 
 
 A. 
 
 
 * 
 
 A A n n A 
 
n eo:> 
 
 jD^rw?^ 
 
 
 
 (J 
 
GLSIS^U/ 
 /cm, ' 
 
 (rff 
 
 A 
 
 W\ A/U*-OCcC, L*> C^nX. 1Ae/xy /Z-cc/vexy 
 
 ' v 
 
 * H ^ f ^ 4 *" 
 
 ou&*tf (* ~fj? /, J? 
 
 u \n\jaL ^/u/c-Ky I>^&^Y< 
 
 an- 
 
 
 t<5 
 Co ^^^ ^f>^^<r>^ct^d^ 
 
 WJ- 
 
X/-.A-- 5? x* 
 
 b6. 
 
 XT 
 
 P 
 
 / 
 
 ' 
 
 cVL irr fir*- f^~ 
 
 * - T f ^ " A 
 
 do 
 
 
 p 
 
 A 
 
 A 
 
 ' 
 
Some Brief, Varied, Lineal 
 Outlines 
 
 [-, means place of vowel indicated without actually writing it] 
 
 LINALPHA has word signs or special signs for, among 
 other words: "is", "as", "his", "has", "use" (uze), "use" 
 (uce), "was", "this", "these", "those", "so", "say", "saw"; a final 
 -s -z for endings and plurals distinguished from s, z, in little words 
 (word signs), and from s in "ous"; a final "ous" as in (dangers) 
 dangerous; a final cy (s-); an initial (or vowel before) -s distin- 
 guished from initial -z; and two ways of showing initial s- (no 
 vowel before); briefly a separation of many things in providing 
 for s hitherto badly mixed. 
 
 There are separate word signs for "know", "no", "not" 
 "in", "on", "any", "now", "new", "anew", "anything", 
 "nothing", "know there", "not there", "now there", "any other", 
 "no other", "another", "neither", "knew there." 
 
 There are separate signs for "all", "only", "include"; outlines 
 in -1 separated from outlines in 1-. Different ways of distin- 
 guishing r- from r, m- from m, p from b, p- b- from -p -b; 
 "by", "up", "upon", "before" distinguished; u- f- v- from -w 
 -f -v; t- d- distinguished from -t -d; a special sign for "to"; 
 another special sign for "to the"; a special sign for "that"; a th, 
 dh for parts of outlines; another th- dh- for word signs; a third 
 class of distinctions in th dh, for less frequent words by joined 
 initial vowels. 
 
 "By" is distinguished from all other words in b, "and" from 
 all other words in n; "other", "eyther", "eether", "author", 
 "otherwise", "authorise", have their respective signs. 
 
"Of", "for", "ever", "over", "very", "after", "even", "often" 
 have separate word signs. Every preposition or word of place 
 (including its variations for "a" or "an", "the" and "there"), is 
 distinguished from every other preposition. "Should" from 
 "shall". Joined affixes for "ful", "val", "fully", "ively". "Can" 
 distinguished from "can't" and "could". "Come" is distin- 
 guished from "go", "came" from "come", "company" from 
 "Co.", "exp-" from "k-sp"; "it is not" from "does not"; "is not'' 
 from "has not"; "anybody" from "nobody"; "write" from 
 "wrote"; "read" (reed) from "read" (redd); "writing" from 
 "reading". There are separate outlines for "to", "at", "out". 
 "Then" is distinguished from "than", "been" from "upon"; 
 "the other" from "that there"; "accrue" from "agree"; "prove" 
 from "approve"; "work" from "argue"; "were" from "we are"; 
 "community" from "unity" and from "comminute". "Per", 
 "pro", "apper", "appro", are everywhere distinguished a word 
 sign for "particular", a word sign for "opportunity". "Give" 
 from "gave"; "belief" from "believe"; "last" from "least"; 
 "great" and "greatly" from "gradual" and "gradually"; "grant" 
 from "ground"; "had" from "ought"; "find", "found", "have 
 not" have separate word signs. "Con" from "com"; they can 
 be written as joined strokes or used as detached vowels. Sugges- 
 tive, not exhaustive; "there are others." 
 
 (Copyright, 79/5, by Robert Macarthy Williamson, 20 Walter St., 
 San Francisco, California.) 
 
' -farme.; 
 
 
 <T7^&cj~'rri<riu ^n cr& \ Uri 3 <&**& 
 
 xT 
 
 A' 
 
 yt 
 
 s>\ 
 
 t> 
 
 
RULES. *^-> 
 
 ^Vj. A small hook (turning against the clock), 
 
 on a straight stroke, reads for -f ,-y. as in 
 
 /> 
 
 ^f.^L, vocalized forf,as in 
 S_S_ -- ^ vocalized for -=- 
 
 *fi 44&/1S -4>W4> OL^ 
 
 The hook is enlarged for_ / ____ ~r>_ 
 
 'Un^K^w J^u, 
 
 Vocalized for rare word, as 
 
 i _ f ., ^ 
 
 The small circle <> for *s > 2,and the 
 "big circle o for -ss. *sgt ^zz final 
 She circle o foir -Sj-z, final is written om eitner 
 side of a straight stroke, to allow the shortestciib 
 in writ ing; outlines or phrases as in - * -~^\ 
 but, the circle cannot be always ~^)^*f \ *-<^' 
 kept; on the same side, as in _r^_. . -^*- __ ^-B*? __ also 
 
 to distinguish one sigm from another >x^ ,A _ j - 
 Big circle for -sz^ -zzj, as in _ 
 (Che oreads last, as in ^A^^^^^J^ 4 ^ 
 
 _,. ctU--< - 
 
 %2^ CX 2 ln - rrB > ^^S le written only on tha 
 left hand ^ide of thej f ._^ _____ F __/5> __ ^ ^ 
 
 .. 
 
 . the other- side bein* 
 wanted for wunctuation 
 
 circle mak*a lineality and Breaks angularity 
 -at . -st final is xnade by a final circle 
 aa in 
 
 j 6> A 
 X_7__/V\ 
 
 ** 
 
 -zd aa 
 
 ^ 
 Is usea insteaa 
 
 "Wher* -ns takes s or st after; the -^stroke ia 
 used, ex; ^ 
 
n loop +** -n t -n~n -ng, A final loop for 
 -n (showing that no vowel follows] is written on 
 ftie upper side or right; side (' the test loininff 
 sides) of a straight stroke, ,ex. O ~ 
 
 A 
 
 Slr-fr 
 
 1^14/TVjC/VU (ftykvr\* / ~*"*** v^'v** \) </ J>* / Vl^ 
 
 Or on the inside of a cufcve, 
 
 The stroke written half length shows that t or d 
 follows the -n, as in -^ -~ ? ~ s ^- a 
 Big loop for ~n>-n or "' 
 
 .. sijjfa)an> To distinguish QAff from the 
 
 more f request signs inje, ^ ^>^^w 
 Phrased, for ^f ^X T" c-ew '3^^ & ^^^sS^ 
 
 c(a Cct/n Ve. CcHMxyvot dcx^L 
 
 The - after the final loop is written^ as i n 
 
 
 x^> 
 
 After horizontal stroke* ( as in Lineal Alphabet) 
 there is no vi used for ap f ssr> The -ji.% as 
 well as being written by loop and circle, can 
 si_lso: be written lay <^*i. e^as in Q ( 
 
 Pinal hooks and also final loops. Notice v..^v **_ 
 and j^y^have final hooks and also final loops fox: 
 
 L 
 
 , The ho.okl 
 >S-z after f 
 
 loop is 
 
 is 
 hook a 
 
 written after 
 
 * ' ^j \j t 
 
 Final s-, as in 
 Final -OUS, as 
 * na l Is written 
 
 -oo^v^ gan Waaol ^p 0j 
 
 Inal Hooks, going^ witli the clock, foirt-n, d-n. 
 Sxtra lineal consonant aolely for word signXf 
 
 s~* s-\ S~3 & ^ 
 
 leaving 
 
XV_/i_ ^.which are hooked and looped 
 orithe_side going with the clock, for t-n f d>n^ ff ^ 
 
 A _jA A w\ A ^ A> A: 
 
 _^-8 followeror toth hook and loop toy "being 
 turned oa a loop, as 
 
 The sion<\ls shaded for -n in /-^giving a joining 
 for phrasing .It may Jbe urtt%vw^ 
 
 shaded for n and -^g in a fe-wrarelnstances, 
 
 Tinal ^ (en) and n- (ne) distinguished.Pinal ^ 
 is wrfc^en by a nook or loop as 
 
 
 
 Pinal f- TT is written 
 ~fs-v after a curve / 
 L-f, l- 
 
 -^ovvi\eY\F~> r n 
 
 jfi. 
 
 "OrdI fiirrnft var't%Tnf*.**44 ^a i 
 
 t signs without final hooks or final loops. 
 To reduce the percentage of hooks and loops 
 ;f or -n, ~ng, and -n^n y and at the same time 
 add to. the variety of .lineal outlinejthe circle 
 is used as follows: 
 
 A 
 
 , 
 
 ctiio- 
 
 written as 
 
Pinal -sioni, -tion, -salon, ^ a9__ -=*_ ***"- 
 _ <jfitti 
 
 r ^ TV ^ ^ ^ si ; >gv _ W^'-i, &.3i _ 
 
 ^<*&t&r ^'. ^fftty***W<^lsn.>' : - nxlic&r*. 
 
 By vocalizing infrequent a^i-.. _ZV small circles 
 cam be usecTin writing, |^M^A^ t ^f^r^, 
 
 N \ r 
 
 -s-sion large circle 
 
 Af ter r and lesion -s-eion6.ittle used). 
 
 * 'V 
 
 except ^^ __ . r/\ &.^ _ /> -7 
 
 , TvUvv/j 
 
 
 After word signs the Bios reada for has 
 le -BBioa for hyg 
 
 
 , gaytion" .Final k-tioni, g-tion,ia writ 
 tea rrom rlgti-^olefias, 
 
 * 
 
 
 tn, Written upward, generally second 
 
 placeor final Give initially 
 the word 
 
 aecomd. 
 
HALVING for Jti d . and the.Strokes are written half 
 length to show '.Strokes half 
 
 '^^ 
 
 Nearly all word signs are written half length to 
 show that the follows: s\_^ Xf^iy? ^-<-_rW -/~-r 
 show t. d; eff^/rtfie., -$3 ,^~^L f ^- i*~%*.fc; ** 
 
 A stroke is sometime* halved for tl^as in 
 
 INITIAL halving for sonancy, TTTI-MAI /**. 
 
 strokes arein. a few ins tances, n iStteS half "lenstl 
 
 to show sonancy,ae, r ^^^~\ r/\" T* 
 
 "^ocxmtL ^ro^^ -^occA L "^^ro^f 
 ^ A^cxAfl- x- 1 
 
 Sk-, s-g, the exceptional, initial^eaiai^ final. 
 
 Sk- "is writ ten _<-f^| S-g is writtea^l^)^, allowing ' 
 
 the lineal^- _ana.. combinations^-^ 
 
 All the frequents in ak 
 
 are written, ^_ 
 Vocalize 
 
 Large circle 
 
 >S5fei 
 Sk can he written lineally "by sh-k, as 
 
 Sh-t consonant, --the more frequent 
 Sh- t the circle on the under side 
 of , the horizontal straight stroke 
 It can frequently be cut down to^o 
 
 The small circle reads for s, 
 
 extra letters for s, the circle' 
 goes on the shortest cut. 
 S-a^initial. s-s initial 
 is 
 
 circle iQedjally,usea for sh^, also for ss. 
 
 ,ta 
 
"Cash", K-sa, and exp, expl. 
 The only comparatively frequent oine ink-ah IB 
 
 | all infrequent,, may "be 
 
 
 
 positionedor vocalized as 
 
 a,*. _ A 
 
 ^ 
 
 Exp, exh. Outlines in exp, exb, are divested of 
 unlineality and "bad joinings "by "being written 
 as, ^ 
 
 
 S^c^J^ -- 
 
 The' circle in kskis on the upper sideof the stroke 
 
 The circle in 
 
 Summary? o _o- 
 
 5^ 
 
 the under 
 
 0-7 
 
 r 
 
 To 
 
 the straight k stroke beingjasedfoir as, and to a 
 lesser extent for is , where it does not clash, 
 
 ..^fep 1 * iB aB an * so ^ ^^ te written by c 
 in phrase where no ^ clash with plural ending or 
 other- circled outline,aa, 
 
 Initial s- is written in some cases "by the dowa 
 down<~stroke curve, 
 
Con, com prefix*Co7i-anGL com are written "by down k 
 stroke*, The con or com may "be om itted where out- 
 line or context is sufficient as 
 
 w re 8llowl1 ^ vowel indication, 
 generally, it should not T>e, 
 
 and is here not lef * to "beguessed 
 
 Uvj&4W&$*n 
 
 C^Si 
 
 Ltfz&WTi ^ ^Y~<^ 
 
 ro? ^^- o3pi*^ 
 
 In 'phrasing the con^and com may 
 
 detached vowela . 
 
 Initial loops for r,'l, kr, gr.iHorisontal strokes 
 
 are. looped initially forr and lj as in> 
 
 v^i-vr^j^u ^^-^ -* 9 A^^ ^nruL^vtrTno/uJ-Jv -idixyie. 
 
 feut^o^up'letterft the looping is for 
 
 Circle combination for kl-, gl; 
 
 , 
 
 <2LsJasl 
 
 not being needed for 1-^1 
 
 "Ici-m is shortened 
 
-^* 1 * outline or phrase* <<^ 
 
 Initially 
 
 
 eA^x6-e^ eAt^x^x^iA-xZ^/ 
 
 K-k. K-k is written), a B 
 
 E-K, how writtenr-k is written^) as 
 
 ^ 
 
 . . 
 
 Double lengthening or lengthening, Up strokes 
 
 Up strokes are lengthened for t "before, as, (~ 
 lenthened fo r ~* ^' ^ 
 
 X 
 
 ^..(^^S ,.^J*Zgt!S. 
 
 tTL-Oxx&r- UrK-arfevA/ 
 
 "t^xAnje^/^ 
 
 ia lengthened for 
 
 All other _horlao.ntal strokes are lengthened for 
 
 
 . 
 
 Xv-X 
 
 Ho down- strokes are lengthened. Unlinealities 
 are a snare. Shorthand, should be, can be, and 
 here is on one. line of elliptic movement* 
 
Some sighs and outlines i_ 
 
 for these words, and not 
 
 vocalised^or a ^y other words 
 
 V^-T-tfce preposition;, has a hook to join. in phrases* 
 '"*- Hie hooked sign may be vocalized in phrase for 
 Initial hook for n. Before up strokes a 
 hook is written for preposition 
 and is also used in outlines. */< 
 
 are turnedupon them.are used '01 
 
 for a straightening 
 -m is written as in 
 
 allowing the glide to be used for. 
 ^^^ ^^s The hooked m may also "be 
 
 " 
 
 used to show vowel before, . . 
 T-n written upwards. t-n,t-ng,d-n, d-ng, ch-n 
 are written up by ^ , as 
 also a large number of 
 lines in st-n, stng 
 
 --i -' v, y^ ^-^ ._ -^-n -/w 
 
 T after N is writ ten 5'^^"^^^ 
 
 To mark the less frequent sign and to show a vowel 
 .beforethe t is written by a vertical down stroke, 
 as i' 
 
 an advantage, is hooked with a snail 
 ho ok for easy joining, ex.,;/- 
 The small joining ho ok 
 
 preserves the lineal movemen^and very frequently 
 allows t to be omitted- tr 
 Heads as -nl- 
 used only for- - tead e as -nkl-,'0nly for & &- 
 
 M 
 
j, and R f how written. To allow of signs in r, b, 
 and g^ ^r-em, 1-sm, d-sm, are 
 
 written respectively, as in 3- 
 
 Allows kl-m gl-m to be written 
 
 All, -1. Initial tick and small circle to make 
 initialvovrel in word sign ^^ Initial Uck and 
 
 ^rge circle to show -1 i n other wordsas in 
 H. 
 
 Final -r, r- 8 . r ie in almost every , lf^ a 
 
 written up, the only time it is written doS Sing 
 rarely to distinguish it 
 
 ** ? --- " / 
 
 . 
 
 Final -r is generally distinguished from r- *>y a 
 hooked re, ex. t 
 
 THE GLIDE ALPHABET. The glide down stroke letters 
 or t, d, ch, j, and p, b, are used after r, 1, 
 
 s ia </r /^generally writ ten as in 
 
 /T_[Jgenerally written 
 
 o a <4 vt 
 
 as in 
 
 For word signs the glides 
 
 the top hollows showing the place or the vowel- 
 
 

 The Glide Alphabet allows of the 
 -o use of a largepercentage of straight 
 strokes, good joining and lineality, 
 
 WORD SIGHS OH A CONNECTIVE VOWEL BASE. 
 The base of shorthand is extended by the combina- 
 tion! of Lineal and Down stroke Alphabet, and, still 
 more, "by the Glide Alphabet all three so used 
 that the totairesult is lineal Outside of the 
 strictly consonant outlines developed in this text 
 book is a Connective Vowel base, drawn upon,, in 
 writing the^ost frequent 1000 words of English, to 
 the extent of onlS^^u m'Tici outlines,, 
 
 ( Linalpha has been developed after a thorough 
 investigation and test of connective vowels) * 
 
 Pj B, Curved for per (p-r) and pro (pr-Xf\ Q 
 PER. PRO, BER, BRE, English is a language^ f^- 
 of two sets of prepositions t namely, the I 
 email separate words mainly from the Anglo baxon, 
 and the prefixes, like per and preforming parts 
 of longer words from the Latin .Prepositional out- 
 lines from both these origins written in the tra- 
 ditional way make a large percentage of descending 
 unlineal, awkward angularities. Thie writing is 
 
 now done upon the line, P-r is written*, as in 
 
 --^ _ v. 
 
 Pro as in 
 
 Pr-, Br-, followed by Bpwhetrokes.L-k, written as 
 is never followed by a- Down stroke, 
 
a do.wn stroke following:,-^ 
 reads PRO, PRE,as ' 
 
 <fc 
 
 -Under this method of alphabet and wmu ^ 
 nations an old style what-to-avold alphabet 
 
 outline, becomes 
 
 Extra PER. Three word signs_xV ^_ 
 
 '" 
 
 a sign of extra combinations in f f v, p, 
 % "BEL", p-i, b-l."Mammal f "^arely occurring) 
 
 leaving for a lineal 
 
 - ' 
 
 is written 
 
 combination in 1 
 
 obtainable by vocalizing, like < 
 
 -fi-JL. 
 
 LJv~&L- 
 
 a lar S e number of words 
 
 ?!-, bl-generally initial 
 
 A small hook for Joining can be used upon b after 
 f,as ^^ .Elsewhere <-^\<^\ medially and finally 
 
 R* o "u- _ ^- "O 
 
 ~ 
 
 treated as the main 
 initial vowel indication of -f t -v. 
 
"of the" implied hy proximity. "of the" is shown 
 by writing two words closely together "to" can also 
 he implied in the same way^but it is not 
 satisfactory. 
 
 P-l, v-1. msm, how written, msm occurs only in 
 the phrases "may seem" and "seems me"(seems to me) 
 
 and in rarely occurring outlines, museum, miasma, 
 a2uma, here written^ ^ ^ .,- 
 
 can -hft written ~2U --O> ^t= *afi seems. we.? 
 can; &e WTI^WJ 
 
 without clash,ex. 
 
 tt .p^e/nm 
 
 Mnations in 1. lineal 
 
 (1 has "been in much greater need of representation 
 than r.)ord 
 
 always 
 
 , . 
 
 medial as lnuirflri?e or final: 
 
 ^-jfcn 
 
 Extra f|_v f used mainly as v, and only in the 
 following frequent outlines :_^-- t . 
 
 can he omitte 
 
 TICKS. "Time is of the essence ". 2)etached Ticke, the 
 time killers in shprthandare got rid of 
 
 Lineal use* for joined UP ticks: The UP tick is 
 never used separately ( detached) ;"but, joined, is 
 xised as in , 
 
T-m, d-m, initial , writ ten as in 
 
 s -^ 
 
 Ted. -ted ie written generally as in 
 
 A A -"vf . 
 
 ./ 1 VI /vt*4.j.< 
 
 After n and f , v, as 
 
 vl 
 
 After up letters as 
 
 " 
 
 . do no * follow the rule of initial loop 
 for lcr-gr- ^ tut *** * reduced 
 
 shortened form of -& /) The word sign 
 
 Ch^j-l.^.A/^tWr ^>. /--^r f^^f 
 
 A///^-/^ ^^le^ *-&&***~$~<3Ui ^wc^^ferT 
 
 (gi 
 
 0-E D SIGN S 
 
 
<v r .A ^?v _ o o o_ 
 
 
 " t^no 
 
 A 
 
 /A 
 
 Oi 
 
 xL 
 
 
 g>^ m-) - 1 ' 
 
 
 2 Js 
 
 S-otrf 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 >-.: 
 
 tio 
 
 r 
 
 ^ 
 
5? 
 
 S? 
 
 s_^ .. v^. 
 
 cm. 
 
 
 __ _ _ 
 %A^ 0X6^^ 
 
 tm, 
 
 /a/ 
 
 
 
 i fa <&***& 
 
 r^ 
 
 ATI. 
 
 ot/ny 
 
 .rf rt rt 
 
 C 
 
 wi 
 
 , 
 
 (V 
 
 Cnr 
 
 -tp 
 
 , ot, 
 
'^ rYLt / 
 
 
 
 & 
 
 
 
 A y-^ /7 /f 
 
 
 j Q ^ 
 
 l}~ /\ 
 
 F 
 
 
 
O 
 
 
 
 <My 
 
 y^to 
 
 
 ~ - ^2 - 
 
 x^ _ , l 
 
 
 XI 
 
 9 
 
 RT^C WksdU^ / ^ ^ tfr 0-et ifojv~t>d '/<u^fi^ c^c^ 
 
 < . 6 ^ ^T^Wc^c/ ^ <?t<i< - "^ r 
 
 ^^^k^jZc^^^^^^^^-^^ ^y 
 
 <, 4^C AcrrV*y // * XH< f' l 7 "<*<*-A. " ~ ~ " "^t^* 
 
YC 147'