THE ] IBRARY 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 
 THE SMALL LIBRARY
 
 The English Library. 
 
 Fcap. 8vo, blue cloth gilt, gill tops, each 2s. 6d. 
 
 English, Past and Present. By Archbishop R. C. TRENCH. 
 
 Edited by Dr. A. SMYTHE PALMER. 
 The Folk and their Word-Lore : an Essay on Popular 
 
 Etymologies. By Rev. Dr. A. SMYTHE PALMER. 
 Proverbs and their Lessons. By Archbishop R. C. TRENCH. 
 
 With Notes, Bibliography, and Index, by Dr. A. 
 
 SMYTHE PALMER. 
 On the Study of Words. By Archbishop R. C. TRENCH. 
 
 Edited by Dr. A. SMYTHE PALMER. 
 The Principles and Practice of Punctuation. By T. F. 
 
 HUSBAND, M.A. 
 How to Read English Literature : Chaucer to Milton. 
 
 By LAURIE MAGNUS, M.A. 
 
 Dryden to Meredith. By the same. 
 
 Shakespeare's Debt to his Predecessors, and his Successors ' 
 
 Debt to him. By WM. SWAN SONNENSCHEIN. 
 Documents Illustrating Elizabethan Poetry : (Sidney's 
 
 Puttenham's, and Webbe's Treatises). Edited by 
 
 LAURIE MAGNUS, M.A. 
 Select English Glossary of English Words used formerly 
 
 in different senses from their present. By Archbishop 
 
 TRENCH. Edited by Dr. A. SMYTHE PALMER. 
 History in Fiction : an Annotated Guide to Historical 
 
 Romances, etc., with Dates, Prices, and Publishers : 
 
 British. By. E. A. BAKER, M.A. 
 
 American and (translated) Foreign. 
 
 Manual of Practical Bibliography. By J. D. BROWN. 
 The Small Library : a Guide to the collection and care 
 
 of books. By J. D. BROWN. 
 Curios from a Word-Collector's Cabinet. By Dr. A 
 
 SMYTHE PALMER.
 
 THE 
 SMALL LIBRARY 
 
 A Guide to the Collection and 
 Care of Books 
 
 By 
 JAMES DUFF BROWN 
 
 Borough Librarian, Islington. Author of " Manual of 
 
 Library Economy," " Manual of Practical 
 
 Bibliography," etc 
 
 LONDON 
 
 GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & SONS LIMITED 
 
 NEW YORK: E. P. BUTTON & CO 
 
 1907
 
 CONTENTS 
 
 CHAP. PAGE 
 
 I INTRODUCTION i 
 
 II CHILDREN'S HOME LIBRARIES . . .11 
 
 III THE HOUSEHOLD LIBRARY ... 29 
 
 IV PROFESSIONAL AND WORKSHOP LIBRARIES . 47 
 V THE SCHOOL LIBRARY . . . -55 
 
 VI THE SMALL MUNICIPAL LIBRARY . . 71 
 
 VII CLASSIFICATION 79 
 
 VIII CATALOGUING 89 
 
 IX BOOK SELECTION ..... 109 
 
 X PUBLIC SERVICE AND RULES . . .139 
 APPENDIX : BIBLIOGRAPHY OF USEFUL BOOKS 149 
 INDEX 152 
 
 921524
 
 CHAPTER I 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 OF all the difficult, hazardous and thankless tasks 
 which well-meaning persons can choose for the 
 improvement of their fellows, perhaps none is so 
 unproductive, in some quarters, as book-selection 
 and the recommendation of reading matter. In 
 ninety cases out of a hundred, persons who read 
 books recommended by others will contemn the 
 judgment and taste of the recommender, and 
 even hint at a certain lack of knowledge and critical 
 perception. As a rule, educated and well-read 
 people should never be assisted in any way in their 
 reading or choice of books, because they are almost 
 sure to resent even well-meant efforts, as an officious 
 intrusion into the sanctity of their own superior 
 knowledge. And, no doubt, it is somewhat of an 
 insult to a thorough-going specialist to have some 
 less-learned bibliographer thrusting forth with 
 his selection of books and annotations, as a kind 
 of last word on the subject. Furthermore, the 
 book-browser, or desultory reader, is another who 
 scorns aids to systematio study, or the scientific 
 formation of libraries, and the field is thus narrowed 
 S.L. l B
 
 2 Introduction 
 
 down for the adventurous spirit who would aspire 
 to guide other people on the highway of books. 
 John Hill Burton, the learned and witty author 
 of The Book-hunter, sums up the case for the 
 specialist and browser with all the force and superior 
 style which distinguishes your true Aberdonian 
 from the common herd. Writing of Bibliographies, 
 he observes : ' I come to another class of biblio- 
 graphies, of which it is difficult to speak with pa- 
 tience those which either profess to tell you how 
 to find the best books to consult on every depart- 
 ment of learning, or undertake to point out to you 
 the books which you should select for your library, 
 or for your miscellaneous reading. As to those 
 who profess to be universal mentors, at hand to 
 help you with the best tools for your work, in which- 
 ever department of intellectual labour it may 
 happen to be, they break down at once. Whoever 
 has set himself to any special line of investigation, 
 cannot open one of those books without discovering 
 its utter worthlessness and incapacity to aid him 
 in his own speciality. As to the other class of 
 bibliographers, who profess to act the guide, philo- 
 sopher and friend to the collector and the reader, 
 I cannot imagine anything more offensively auda- 
 cious than the function they assume. It is an 
 attempt of the pedagogue to assert a jurisdiction 
 over grown intellects, and hence such books 
 naturally develop in flagrant exaggeration the 
 pragmatical priggism which is the pedagogue's 
 characteristic defect. I would except from this 
 condemnation a few bibliographers, who, instead of
 
 Introduction 3 
 
 sitting in the schoolmaster's chair and dictating 
 to you what it is proper that you should read, 
 rather give you a sly hint that they are going 
 a-vagabondising through the byways of literature, 
 and will take you with them if you like.' This 
 sweeping and, in its way, perfectly just condemn- 
 ation of selective bibliographies, applies to the- 
 class of guide which existed in 1862, when the 
 Book-hunter first appeared, and might with equal 
 propriety be extended to more recent efforts in 
 the same field. But it cannot be held to apply 
 to more than a few of the modern bibliographical 
 guides, because to a very great extent criticism, 
 personal preferences and the ' pragmatical prig- 
 gism ' of the average pedagogue have been 
 eliminated. Instead, we have guides and aids to 
 book-selection which are suggestive rather than 
 aggressively dogmatic, and which are intended for 
 ordinary mortals who make no pretension to book- 
 learning or knowledge of book-classification. 
 Undoubtedly such folks exist now, as they have 
 in all times, who are glad to have a little guidance 
 on any unfamiliar subject, from some one who 
 knows a little more than themselves ; and to 
 such people, even an elementary and incomplete 
 bibliography is often of immense service. What 
 Burton's attitude might have been towards such 
 an institution as the National Home Reading 
 Union, it is impossible to say, but one may venture 
 to guess that he would probably have described 
 its work in uncomplimentary terms. Neverthe- 
 less, even Burton and those of the same self-
 
 4 Introduction 
 
 possessed and self-sufficient cast of mind, who are 
 inclined to scout the idea of obtaining help from 
 the hints of others, would undoubtedly profit by 
 some of the excellent and carefully compiled biblio- 
 graphies which have appeared during the past 
 twenty years. No one who has engaged in the 
 work of library formation can afford to neglect the 
 bibliographies and suggestions of other collectors, 
 and he who is called upon to systematically build 
 up a library of literature representative of all 
 subjects, cannot stay and watch that delightfully 
 haphazard assembling of choice treasures, which is 
 the chief pleasure of the private collector or Bur- 
 tonite. He must, on the contrary, seek out suitable 
 authorities on many subjects, without waiting 
 for them to drop, as bargains, from the clouds, and 
 he must furthermore endeavour to anticipate the 
 needs of the readers for whom the library is being 
 formed. No doubt a leisured stroll through the 
 many avenues of literature is a pleasing pastime, 
 especially when, with dawdlings on the way, it 
 occupies a lifetime ; but, when ordinary mortals 
 are clamouring for books of every conceivable 
 kind, your modern library-builder cannot pause 
 to choose with infinite deliberation and care. 
 Personal tastes must be rigidly kept in subordina- 
 tion, and every effort made to select the best to 
 satisfy the sober requirements or hobbies of other 
 people ; and for these sufficient reasons, gratitude, 
 and not caustic criticism, must be bestowed on the 
 bibliographers who till the sour and unprofitable 
 fields of literature.
 
 Introduction 5 
 
 On these lines, this little book aspires to be a 
 guide to those modest people who are not yet 
 cocksure of their literary knowledge and taste, 
 and who are not too proud to consider the sug- 
 gestions of another book-lover. To such kindred 
 spirits there is a certain measure of pleasurable 
 excitement in running down old favourites in 
 what may be considered a Book-Title Anthology, 
 and even more delight in spotting omissions. 
 There is little charm in absolutely perfect catalogues 
 or anthologies. Your ideal works of this kind ought 
 to have a great function to fulfil as stimulators 
 of the error-hunter and instigators of that kind of 
 research for omissions which gives pleasure to 
 thousands of book-users. It will therefore be a 
 double delight to the author of this book if it 
 succeeds in satisfying, occasionally, the needs of 
 the modest library-builder, while giving the ardent 
 omission-hunter abundant scope for marginal 
 remarks and interleaved annotations. The claims 
 of the small library have been so greatly over- 
 shadowed by those of the more showy and, in 
 many respects, more important large library, that 
 comparatively little literature of a useful kind 
 exists relating to book collections in their early 
 stages as select and special private libraries of 
 various kinds. By small library is meant the 
 select general collection of books numbering from 
 200 to 5,000 volumes, such as may be gathered 
 by students, schools, churches, commercial and 
 industrial organizations, and all agencies in which 
 books are either tools, or a valuable means of
 
 6 Introduction 
 
 affording recreation. As a rule, such collections 
 are formed without much regard to order or care 
 in selection, and, save in the case of private collec- 
 tors who specialize, the majority of small libraries 
 are frequently a miscellaneous assemblage of 
 odds and ends organized on very primitive methods. 
 The same remarks apply with even greater force 
 to many of the smaller Public Libraries of the 
 country, because in them should be expected 
 order and sound methods, instead of which dis- 
 proportion, injudicious selection and feeble organ- 
 ization are the most prominent features. If any 
 one is sufficiently curious and patient to study the 
 catalogues of the average small British public 
 or subscription library, he will be surprised at 
 the numerous evidences of bad judgment in book- 
 selection, the lack of proportion between class 
 and class, author and author, subject and subject, 
 and an entire absence of proper classification and 
 intelligence in cataloguing. No attempt is made 
 to keep in touch with modern scientific, artistic, 
 historical, social or literary progress, no doubt 
 because the limited funds available are expended 
 in blindly providing current third-rate fiction or 
 books of the hour. The ambition to place as 
 many books on the shelves in the shortest space 
 of time, is often responsible for the poor quality 
 and unrepresentative character of the literature 
 stocked by the average small library. Instead 
 of purchasing with care and accepting donations 
 with discrimination, such libraries practically 
 swallow everything which comes along, whether
 
 Introduction 7 
 
 in the shape of cheap lots or donations, and the 
 result is a heterogeneous mass of books to which 
 the title of library is wrongly applied. 
 
 Philosophers in various ages have informed us 
 that a man may be recognized as regards his 
 idiosyncrasies and habits by the company he 
 keeps, the clothes he wears, the food he eats, and 
 so on ; but for the particular purpose of this 
 work it is best that he be measured and judged 
 by the books he stocks. It is very surprising, 
 considering the vast number of books produced, 
 how little real influence literature has on the life 
 and concerns of the ordinary man. If journalistic 
 literature be excluded, it is doubtful if books are 
 used by more than one man in ten as they are 
 intended to be used, namely, as machines or tools 
 designed to simplify the multifarious details of 
 every-day life. Take, for example, the case of 
 the prosperous publican or more politely, the 
 Licensed Victualler who is best equipped with 
 the material means required for library formation. 
 His library, as a general rule, is quite childlike 
 and elementary in appearance, and resembles the 
 ordinary nursery library in being composed of 
 unbound journals or literature in pamphlet form. 
 Indeed, the vast majority of private libraries have 
 a more or less strongly marked resemblance to the 
 library of the child in being an unkempt and 
 ragged assemblage of unbound ephemera. So 
 with the licensed victualler. He relies entirely 
 on the daily newspapers for his literary food, with 
 perhaps some more serious matter from a weekly
 
 8 Introduction 
 
 trade journal and a dash of frivolity from the 
 ' Pink 'Un '. But he makes no attempt to equip 
 himself with books which would be of real value 
 to him in the conduct of his business. He does 
 not even acquire the elementary handbooks on 
 the law of his trade, nor has he any particular 
 interest in the books which chronicle its history. 
 Instead of utilizing his commanding position as 
 an associate of all kinds of men, and keeping himself 
 to some extent acquainted with some of their 
 hobbies, easily to be derived from certain useful 
 books, he fritters away his time, money, and 
 energy in cultivating the sportsman, the loafer, 
 and the flash dandy, with never a thought to the 
 influence he might exert if his mind were better 
 furnished with the knowledge to be gained from 
 books. In this respect he resembles hundreds of 
 tradesmen, shopkeepers, and clerks, who do not 
 even take the trouble to make themselves acquainted 
 with the literature bearing on their trades. What 
 is the library of the average suburban home ? A 
 Bible, some unbound illustrated magazines, and, 
 as a concession to literary culture, a few yellow-back 
 novels, generally of the sensational or tittle-tattle 
 order. In many cases which have come under 
 observation the clerk dwelling in Suburbia, or 
 anywhere else, does not take the trouble to furnish 
 himself with a manual of book-keeping or business 
 method which would undoubtedly increase his 
 range of knowledge'and fit him for a better position, 
 nor does it even occur to him to expend a few 
 shillings on a book which might enable him to cul-
 
 Introduction 9 
 
 tivate with better success his miserable scrap of a 
 back-garden. Such men will spend pounds in 
 constructing elaborate poultry hutches, and then 
 proceed to devastate their stock, because they prefer 
 the imperfect instructions or hints of friends, as 
 wise as themselves, to the clear and simple direc- 
 tions to be found in any ordinary book on the 
 management of fowls. Or, as is just as likely, 
 they never dream of inquiring if any book on their 
 particular trade or hobby exists. Even the Public 
 Library has not yet eradicated the belief, preva- 
 lent in many minds, that books are not written 
 on every conceivable subject. In ninety-nine cases 
 out of a hundred, if the habitual users of Public 
 Libraries are excepted, no man or woman dreams 
 of consulting books for even the most elementary 
 information. It is extraordinary when one consi- 
 ders how ignorant a vast majority of the people are 
 with regard to the valuable information stored 
 in books, and how necessary it is, therefore, that 
 the small library should be forced to become a 
 more potent and influential factor in the daily 
 life of the general public.
 
 CHAPTER II 
 
 CHILDREN'S HOME LIBRARIES 
 
 THE most elementary form of small library is that 
 which belongs to the Baby who, as yet, has not 
 acquired the art of reading. He or she it matters 
 little how they are named, as both are clad alike in 
 petticoats and bibs prefers the pictorial tale of 
 love or glory, or treatise on natural history, or 
 handbook to the labyrinth of the alphabet. Par- 
 ents, as a rule, exercise very little care in the selec- 
 tion of the first toy-books for their children, if, 
 indeed, they purchase any at all, and both children 
 and parents are equally indifferent to the fate of 
 the books during their brief and tumultuous exist- 
 ence. These are both fundamental mistakes in 
 the training of the young. It is not only import- 
 ant that the most artistic and amusing picture- 
 books should be chosen, but that some means 
 should be taken to preserve the books from wanton 
 destruction. It is bad enough to see a common, 
 garish, and inartistic book being used to wipe the 
 floor or thrash the fender, but it is positively crim- 
 inal to allow the works of Walter Crane, Randolph 
 
 Caldecott, and Kate Greenaway to name no 
 n
 
 12 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 others to be used in this cruel manner by young- 
 sters who have not been taught to discriminate. 
 In buying books for young children, therefore, 
 care should be taken to select only those which 
 have high artistic value, or which give accurate 
 delineations of natural and familiar objects, rather 
 than those cheap and nasty productions which in 
 colour and design are second cousins to the mock 
 valentines of our youth. It may be noted that, 
 when a baby's interest in pictorial literature begins 
 to abate, or to assume a destructive form, an old 
 newspaper makes a most effective substitute for 
 a picture-book. A baby brought up on artistic 
 pictures is being insensibly endowed with a valu- 
 able perceptive faculty, which will have influential 
 results in every process of future training. One 
 who is reared on literary and pictorial trash will 
 almost inevitably degenerate into a worshipper of 
 the horse-hair and mahogany standard in life, 
 culture and morals. 
 
 The pet fad of most American (and not a few 
 English) librarians is the compilation of model 
 selections of books suitable for children of all ages 
 and temperaments. In many cases this special 
 cult has resulted in the production of some extra- 
 ordinary lists, in which books are graded or ar- 
 ranged in a series of classes to suit the supposed 
 degree of intelligence possessed by boys and girls 
 of five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, and twelve 
 years of age. What is entertaining matter for the 
 lad of twelve must needs, according to this scheme, 
 be poison for his brother of eight, while girl-books
 
 Children's Home Libraries 13 
 
 are apparently regarded as quite a distinct class 
 from boy-books. This shepherding and patronage 
 of the young idea has attained appalling dimen- 
 sions in the United States, and one of its most 
 awful results has been the production of the 
 phenomenally impertinent American boys and 
 girls one meets on board Atlantic steamships, in 
 hotels, and even in the streets of London and 
 Edinburgh. Loud-voiced, assertive, impatient, 
 quarrelsome, unlovable, and generally offensive 
 youngsters, who are the production of graded 
 schools, ' snappy ' literature, boastful school 
 histories, and unbridled licence at home. The 
 marvel is what becomes of these youthful and 
 genteel American hooligans in after-life, because 
 outside the vulgar, go-ahead commercial circles, 
 one seldom meets among adults with the awful 
 manners so characteristic of the American child. 
 All this may be taken as a warning against forcing 
 the minds of children by artificial educational pro- 
 cesses. If this grading of books were executed on 
 thoroughly scientific lines, it might be possible to 
 regard it with some interest, but the mere group- 
 ing of books by some mature mind into grades 
 considered suitable for children five years old, ten 
 years old, and so on, is a positive delusion. No 
 allowance is made in such lists for variation in the 
 intelligence of children, and the American graded 
 lists of books are on a par with English Elementary 
 School standards as regards their adaptability to 
 special cases. One can imagine the kind, but 
 watchful, American lady-librarian saying to a boy
 
 14 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 of eight : ' My dear child, you mustn't take this 
 book to read ; it is reserved for boys twelve years 
 old, and might cause you to strain your mental 
 outfit ! ' If, however, the books were classified in 
 some such order as the following, one could appre- 
 ciate the attempt to suit literature to its appropri- 
 ate readers, especially if all children were branded 
 with their mental endowments, after examination 
 in a psychological laboratory : 
 
 THE CLASSIFICATION OF CHILD READERS. 
 
 Ao. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child . . . General. 
 
 Ai. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child . . . plus Philosophical temperament. 
 
 A.2. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child Religious 
 
 AS. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child . .. Scientific ,, 
 
 A6. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child ... ,, Mechanical ,, 
 
 A;. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child ... Artistic 
 
 A8. Three-ounce brain 
 
 child ... Imaginative ,, 
 
 Bo. Three and a half- 
 ounce brain 
 child . . . General. 
 
 B8. Three and a half- 
 ounce brain child plus Imaginative temperament. 
 
 Ca. Four-ounce brain 
 
 child .... ,, Religious ,, 
 
 This scheme avoids the utterly fallacious theory, 
 codified in American and British catalogues and 
 educational standards, that intelligence goes with 
 age, while it gives abundant scope for psychological 
 diagnosis by those experts in mental physiology
 
 Children's Home Libraries 15 
 
 who profess to measure up a man's idiosyncrasies 
 by the twist of his toes or the cock of his eyes. 
 Whether vivisection would be a necessary part 
 of the process, only experts can decide ! 
 
 The attempt to classify books into grades, to 
 suit the supposed tastes and mental abilities of 
 children of various ages whose minds are awaken- 
 ing to activity and acquiring powers of observa- 
 tion, is a complete mistake. So is the plan of 
 separating books for boys and girls, or setting aside 
 those of a low literary quality, but undeniably 
 moral tone, for juvenile consumption. The whole 
 policy of directing the reading of children in 
 grooves, according to some standard, fixed maybe 
 by an unsympathetic adult, is an insult to the 
 intelligence and humanity which reside in boys 
 and girls, however much they may be concealed 
 under the inanities their parents teach them. 
 No doubt some of the mistaken notions as to the 
 possibility of suiting books to ages have arisen 
 from the frequent inquiries which present-giving 
 relatives address to booksellers when they want 
 books suitable for children of a certain age. To 
 meet this demand, certain semi-religious, semi- 
 commercial publishing houses have issued hun- 
 dreds of tons of books based on the age-limit fetish. 
 
 In selecting books for the use of boys and girls, 
 or, in other words, forming a small juvenile library, 
 it is well to avoid most of the literature professedly 
 written for youth, and published at preposterous 
 prices by discerning publishers, who manufacture 
 this gilded rubbish with an eye to the rich uncle
 
 16 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 rather than to the poor parent or still poorer child. 
 Why children's books should be so expensive, 
 and in proportion to their utility, such a costly 
 class of literature, is one of those puzzles which 
 only publishers can answer. There is comfort in 
 the thought, however, that the majority of the 
 gorgeous and expensively-produced children's 
 books, are not very influential, though they may 
 be cherished on account of their sumptuous bind- 
 ings. In forming a Children's Home Library it 
 is well to avoid the recommendations of all the 
 specialists who have written guides to selection, 
 or compiled lists of the best twenty, fifty, or hun- 
 dred books for young readers. Some of these 
 lists are of enormous size, embracing all classes of 
 literature, and including much that is unsuitable 
 for the purpose of the juvenile section of a small 
 Household Library. Ignoring, then, all expert 
 help of this kind, the question has to be considered 
 what should be provided for the children's 
 library of an ordinary household ? There are cer- 
 tain classes of literature which may be excluded 
 forthwith, not only because they are unattractive 
 and unsuitable, but because they can generally be 
 obtained from any Public Library. This at once 
 disposes of classes like Theology, Mathematical 
 Science, Sociology, Philology, and to a certain 
 extent History and Geography. Biography is 
 also of doubtful value or interest. The ' self- 
 help ' and ' pursuit of knowledge under difficul- 
 ties ' kind of literature, which urges us to profit by 
 the example of great natural geniuses who have
 
 Children's Home Libraries 17 
 
 become famous, is not, on the whole, so salutary 
 as many suppose. It has much the same effect 
 on the minds of healthy and spirited boys and girls 
 as perpetual injunctions to model their deportment 
 and behaviour on some paragon youth or maiden 
 whose conduct is the admiration of all the conven- 
 tional mothers of a large neighbourhood. Nothing 
 is more repulsive to any healthy-minded youngster 
 than to have these incarnations of all the namby- 
 pamby little virtues set up as patterns for imita- 
 tion. So exemplary biography is, on the whole, 
 rather a fetish, and calculated to make the ' men 
 who have made themselves ' unpopular, and the 
 record of their deeds a wearisome grind. Popular 
 accounts of voyages and travels, and historical 
 books like Scott's Tales of a Grandfather, are on 
 quite another level, and, if such works were not to 
 be had in abundance in Public Libraries, it would be 
 necessary to specify a few. But this part of the 
 subject only proposes to touch the question of 
 good and suitable books for small home libraries, 
 and not that of furnishing larger and more general 
 collections. The most desirable books for a small 
 Children's Home Library are those which can be 
 used by generation after generation of youngsters 
 without becoming tiresome, and which the same 
 child can read over and over again without much 
 loss of interest. In other words, books which 
 have proved their power to interest and even in- 
 struct children, by awakening their perceptive 
 faculties, through many years of existence. Im- 
 aginative literature, particularly in a prose form, 
 S.L. c
 
 i8 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 seems to be the class which proves most permanent- 
 ly attractive to all kinds of children. There is an 
 immense field from which selection can be made, 
 but for the purpose of the kind of library now in 
 view the following suggestions of titles are con- 
 fined to works which have been adopted through- 
 out the English-speaking if not the whole civilized 
 world. Books by such writers as Ballantyne, Fenn, 
 Henty, Mayne Reid, Kingston, and Verne are pur- 
 posely excluded. They belong distinctly to the 
 gift-book class of literature, which is the province 
 of the rich uncle, besides being contained gen- 
 erally very completely in the easily accessible 
 Public Libraries. Omitting these, and such hope- 
 lessly ' improving ' and impossible books as 
 Sandford and Merton, Swiss Family Robinson, 
 The Fairchild Family, etc., we get various books 
 which are as necessary to a well-ordered household 
 as chairs : 
 
 Fables. 
 Andersen. Fairy Tales. 
 Arabian Nights. 
 Bunyan. Pilgrim's Progress. 
 Burnett. Little Lord Fauntleroy. 
 Carroll. Alice in Wonderland. 
 - Through the Looking-glass. 
 Defoe. Robinson Crusoe. 
 Dickens. Christmas Books. 
 Grimm. Household Tales. 
 Hughes. Tom Brown's Schooldays. 
 Kipling. Jungle Books. 
 Lamb. Tales from Shakespeare. 
 Scott. Ivanhoe. 
 Stevenson. Treasure Island. 
 Stowe. Uncle Tom's Cabin. 
 Swift. Gulliver's Travels.
 
 Children's Home Libraries 19 
 
 Twain. Tom Sawyer. 
 Jacobs. English Fairy Tales. 
 Lang's Fairy Books. (Any colour.) 
 Halliwell-Phillips. Nitrsery Rhymes and Fairy Tales. 
 Palgrave's Children's Treasury of Poetry. 
 Hutchison. Indoor Games. 
 Outdoor Games. 
 
 This list contains much that is of great value 
 and interest for children, as well as adults. In- 
 deed, it is very doubtful if Carroll's ' Alice ' books 
 are not really grown-up children's books. Many 
 children care little for their elaborate fooling, 
 though they politely acquiesce in the enthusiastic 
 appreciation of their parents. There are others 
 which may be regarded as more suitable for adults, 
 but a long experience has convinced the writer 
 that practically any good book possessing literary 
 merit is suitable equally for old men of seventy 
 and young boys of ten, provided they have any 
 intelligence at all. The list above is merely a 
 suggested beginning for a juvenile home library. 
 It can be increased to almost any extent, and it 
 will be supplemented on many other sides by the 
 adult departments of the small Household Library 
 yet to be considered. Every house ought to con- 
 tain the whole or most of these books. The game 
 and recreation books are mentioned because they 
 are practical, and describe minor handicrafts as 
 well as sports. The collections of fairy tales by 
 Jacobs, Lang, etc., are also important. The child 
 who reads the book version of Jack the Giant- 
 Killer, and afterwards is taken to see it in panto- 
 mime form, will have acquired a valuable lesson
 
 20 
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 in the deceitfulness of appearances which will last 
 him through life, and endow him with a critical 
 caution which will aid him in discriminating be- 
 tween realities and shams. 
 
 The lists given below and those submitted in 
 Chapter V ' The School Library', contain a larger 
 provision of suitable books for children of all ages, 
 and some of those, especially in the Nursery book 
 department, may be chosen for household as well 
 as for school use. 
 
 LIST OF BOOKS FOR VERY YOUNG CHILDREN. 
 
 Adams (F.) illust. Story 
 of little Jack Sprat ; col. ill. 
 
 ^Esop. Baby's own JEsop ; 
 col. ill. by W. Crane. 
 
 Fables ; ed. by Jacobs. 
 
 Fables ; told to the 
 
 children by Lena Dal- 
 keith; ill. 
 
 Hundred Fables ; ill. 
 
 by P. J. Billinghurst. 
 
 Fabeln fur die Jug- 
 end ; ill. by C. Votteler. 
 [German text.] 
 
 A nimal Book : A Natural 
 History for Little Folk. 
 
 Arnim. April Baby's Book 
 of Tunes ; ill. by K. 
 Greenaway. 
 
 Arnold's Continuous Read- 
 ers. 
 
 Baring-Gould (S.). Amaz- 
 ing A dventures ; col. ill. 
 by H. B. Neilson. 
 
 Nursery Songs and 
 
 Rhymes. 
 
 Baum (L. F.). Mother 
 Goose in Prose ; ill. 
 
 Begbie (H.). Bundy in the 
 Greenwood ; ill. 
 
 Bundy on the Sea. 
 
 ill. 
 
 ' Belgian Hare.' Tales with 
 
 a Twist ; col. ill. 
 Bell (J. J.). Jack of all 
 
 Trades; col. ill. by C. 
 
 Robinson. 
 
 New Noah's Ark ; col. 
 
 ill. 
 
 Bell's Continuous Readers. 
 Big A nimal Picture Book ; 
 
 col. ill. 
 Bilderbuch fur kleine Mdd- 
 
 chen : alte Kinderreime ; 
 
 col. ill. [German text.] 
 Billinghurst (P. J.), illust. 
 
 Hundred A necdotes of A ni- 
 
 mals ; ill. 
 Bingham (C.). Animal's 
 
 Academy ; ill. by Hy. B. 
 
 Neilson.
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 21 
 
 Bird (R.)- Jesus the Car- 
 penter of Nazareth ; ill. 
 
 One Hundred Bible 
 
 Stories for Children; ill. 
 
 Blackie's Children's Annu- 
 al. 
 Boelitz (M.), ed. Schone 
 
 alte Kinderlieder ; col. ill. 
 
 [German text.] 
 Bonser (A. E.). Kings of 
 
 the Forest ; col. ill. 
 Books for the Bairns Series ; 
 
 ed. by W. T. Stead. 
 Bo-peep. 
 Bo-peep Series ; pub. by 
 
 Cassell ; col. ill. 
 Brabourne (Lord). Friends 
 
 and Foes from Fairyland ; 
 
 ill. 
 
 Moonshine ; ill. 
 
 Braine (S.). Sparks from 
 
 the Nursery Fire : rhymes ; 
 
 col. ill. 
 Bremner (Kate F.). Book 
 
 of Song Games and Ball 
 
 Games ; ill. diagrams. 
 ' Brenda." See Smith (Mrs. 
 
 Castle). 
 Bres (Mile. H.-S.). Mon 
 
 historie de France ; ill. 
 
 [French text.] 
 
 M on histoire naturelle ; 
 
 ill. [French text.] 
 
 Mon premier alpha- 
 bet, lecture et ecriture ; 
 ill. [French text.] 
 
 Mon premier tour du 
 
 monde. [French text] ; 
 col. ill. 
 
 Brett (David). Nursery 
 Book ; col. ill. by D. B. 
 
 Bridgman (C.). The Bairn's 
 Coronation Book ; col. ill. 
 by C. Robinson. 
 
 Bridgman (C.) A Book of 
 Days for Little Ones ; col. 
 . ill. byC. Robinson. 
 
 The Shopping Day ; 
 
 col. ill. by C. Robinson. 
 
 Brown (A. F.). Book of 
 
 Saints andFriendlyBeasts; 
 
 ill. 
 Brown (J.). Rab and his 
 
 Friends; ill. 
 Browne (G.), ittust. Dr. 
 
 Jollyboy's A. B.C. 
 Browne (M.). Sunday 
 
 Stories for Small People ; 
 
 ill. 
 Brymer (John). Gammon 
 
 and Spinach ; col. ill. by 
 
 S. Orr. 
 Bunyan (John). Pilgrim's 
 
 Progress ; ed. by Lang. 
 Burgess (G.). Goops and 
 
 how to be them; ill. 
 Buttercups and Daisies : 
 
 Stories and Pictures. 
 Caldecott (R.), illust. Col- 
 lection of Pictures and 
 
 Songs. 2 vols., col. ill. 
 
 Hey-diddle-diddle Pic- 
 ture-Book. 
 
 Panjandrum Picture- 
 Book. 
 
 Canton (W.). A Child's 
 
 Book of Saints; ill. 
 Carrington (Edith). True 
 
 Stories about A nimals ; col. 
 
 ill. 
 Chadburn (Mabel). The 
 
 Fairy-bird and Piggywig ; 
 
 ill. 
 
 Chatterbox. 
 
 Child's Own Magazine. 
 Child's Own Story-book. 
 Chisholm (L.), ed. Nursery 
 
 Rhymes; ill.
 
 22 
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 Cim (Albert). Spectacles 
 
 enfantins ; ill. by Ger- 
 ! bault and Job. [French 
 1 text.] 
 Clements (M. E.). Bible 
 
 Stones Simply Told ; ill. 
 Copeland (Walter). The 
 
 Book of the Zoo ; col. ill. 
 
 by C. Robinson. 
 Farm-book for Little 
 
 Ones ; col. ill. by C. 
 
 Robinson. 
 
 The Awful Airship; 
 
 col. ill. by C. Robinson. 
 
 The Silly Submarine ; 
 
 col. ill. by C. Robinson. 
 The mad motor ; col. 
 
 ill. by C. Robinson. 
 Corbet (S. & K.). Sybil's 
 
 Garden of Pleasant Beasts ; 
 
 col. ill. 
 Crane (W.) ed. The Baby's 
 
 Opera . . .; ill. byW. C. 
 
 The Baby's Bouquet 
 
 (companion to Baby's 
 Opera); ill. byW. C. 
 
 Beauty and the Beast 
 
 Picture-book ; col. ill. by 
 W. C. 
 
 Bluebeard's Picture- 
 book ; col. ill. by W. C. 
 
 Cinderella's Picture- 
 book ; col. ill. by W. C. 
 
 Flora's Feast : a Mas- 
 que of Flowers ; col. ill. 
 by W. C. 
 
 Goody Two Shoes' Pic- 
 ture-book ; col. ill. by W.C. 
 
 Old Mother Hubbard : 
 
 her Picture-book ; col. ill. 
 by W. C. 
 
 Red Riding Hood's 
 
 Picture-book ; col. ill. by 
 W. C. 
 
 Crane (W.) ed. This little 
 Pig ; col. ill. by W. C. 
 
 See also Lamb. 
 
 Darling's Delight : short 
 
 stories. 
 
 Darton ed. Sunday Plea- 
 sure-book ; ill. 
 
 Day (T.). Sandford and 
 Merlon in words of one 
 syllable, by Mary Godol- 
 phin. 
 
 Defoe (D.). Robinson Cru- 
 soe, in words of one 
 syllable, by Mary Godol- 
 phin. 
 
 D eutsch- Englisches Bil- 
 derbuch [German-English 
 and English - German 
 text] ; col. ill. 
 
 Dodge (M.M.). Baby World. 
 
 New Baby World. 
 
 Rhymes and Jingles. 
 
 When Life is Young. 
 
 Dotteler (C.) illust. Buntes 
 
 A. B.C. ; col. ill. [Ger- 
 man text.] 
 
 Ducoudray (G.). Cents re- 
 cits d'histoire de France ; 
 ill. [French text.] 
 
 Dumas (A.). La Bouillie 
 de la Comtesse Berthe ; 
 ill. by Bertall. [French 
 text.] 
 
 Faithful Friends : pictures 
 and stories ; col. ill. 
 
 Fallen (S. W. M.). Animal 
 Alphabet Book; ill. 
 
 Farrow (G. E.). An A. B.C. 
 of Everyday People, Good, 
 Bad and Indifferent ; ill. 
 by John Hassall. 
 
 Round the World 
 
 A.B.C.; ill. by John 
 Hassall.
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 Favourite Picture-book ; col. 
 
 ill. 
 
 Favourite Story-book. 
 Fenn (G. Manville) and 
 
 others. Little People's 
 
 Book of Wild Animals; 
 
 col. ill. 
 Feuillet (O.). Vie de Po- 
 
 lichinelle . . . ; ill. by 
 
 Bertall. [French text.] 
 Field (E.). Lullaby Land : 
 
 Songs of Childhood ; ill. 
 
 by C. Robinson. 
 For Very Little Folk; by 
 
 ' Aunt Louisa '. 
 Ford (Robert). Children's 
 
 Rhymes, Games, Songs and 
 
 Stories, ill. 
 
 ed. Ballads of Baby- 
 land : English and Ameri- 
 can. 
 
 Foster (C.). Story of the 
 Bible . . . in Simple Lan- 
 guage; ill. 
 
 ' France, A.' Filles et gar- 
 cons : scenes de la ville 
 et des champs [French 
 text]; ill. by M. B. de 
 Monvell. 
 
 Nos en f ants [French 
 
 text]; ill. by M. B. de 
 Monvell. 
 
 Gomme (Alice B.). Old 
 English Singing Games ; 
 col. ill. 
 
 Greenaway (K.). A Apple 
 Pie; col. ill. 
 
 Book of Games. 
 
 A Day in a Child's Life: 
 
 music by M. B. Forster. 
 
 Marigold Garden ; col. 
 
 ill. 
 
 Under the Window; 
 
 col. ill. 
 
 Greenaway (K.). See also 
 Arnim and Taylor. 
 
 Grimm. Fairy Tales for 
 Little Folk ; col. ill. 
 
 Groser (H. G.). Little Folks' 
 Land : verses. 
 
 Hamer (S. H.). Set. 
 
 and H. Rountree. 
 
 Menagerie Series (set) ; 
 ill. by Harry Neilson and 
 Lewis Baumer. 
 
 Hardy (E. S.) illust. A 
 Book for Little People; 
 col. ill. 
 
 Nursery Rhymes; ill. 
 
 Haskell (Mrs. L.). Stories 
 
 from the Bible; ill. 
 Hassall (John), illust. Dear 
 old Nursery Tales ; col. ill. 
 
 Favourite Nursery 
 
 Tales; col. ill. 
 
 My Book of Nursery 
 
 Rhymes; col. ill. 
 
 Hawthorne (N.). Wonder 
 
 Book. 
 Hay (Helen). The Little 
 
 Boy Book ; col. ill. by F. 
 
 Ver Beck. 
 Hendry (H.). Red Apples 
 
 and Silver Bells ; ill. 
 Hepburn (T. N.) ' Gabriel 
 
 Setoun ' pseud. The 
 
 Child world; ill. by C. 
 
 Robinson. 
 Herford (O.). Artful An- 
 
 ticks ; ill. 
 
 Child's Primer of Na- 
 tural History ; ill. by 
 O. H. 
 
 Hicks (S.) and A. Hopwood. 
 
 Bluebell and the Sleepy 
 
 Ring. 
 Hocking (S. K.). Her 
 
 Benny.
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 Hoffmann (F.). Mdrchen 
 und fabeln fur Kinder 
 [German text] ; col. ill. 
 
 Hoffmann (H.). Prinz 
 Grunewald und Perlen- 
 fein; col. ill. by H. H. 
 [German text.] 
 
 Der Struwwelpeter ; 
 
 col. ill. by H. H. [Ger- 
 man text.] 
 
 Struwwelpeter . . . ; 
 
 col. ill. by H. H. [Eng- 
 lish text.] 
 
 Holiday Picture-book. 
 
 Hutton (E.) ed. Children's 
 Christmas Treasury of 
 Things New and Old ; col. 
 ill. 
 
 Jackson (H.). Gentle Je- 
 sus : Life of Christ for 
 Little Folk ; col. ill. 
 
 Jacobs (J.). Celtic Fairy 
 Tales. 
 
 English Fairy Tales. 
 
 Jacquin (J.). Les Animaux 
 
 en pique-nique [French 
 text] ; ill. by G. H. 
 Thompson. 
 
 Jerrold (W.) ed. Big Book 
 of Nursery Rhymes ; ill. 
 by C. Robinson. 
 
 Nonsense, Nonsense I 
 
 col. ill. by C. Robinson. 
 
 Jones (Harry). Prince Boo- 
 hoo and Little Smuts; 
 ill. 
 
 Kemble (E. W.) illust. 
 Kemble's Coons (ill. only). 
 
 King-Hall|(E.). Adventures 
 in Toyland. 
 
 La Fontaine (J. de). Fa- 
 bles. 
 
 A Hundred Fables ; 
 
 ill. by P. J. Billinghurst. 
 
 Lamb (Charles). A Masque 
 of Days from the Last 
 Essays of ' Elia ' ; newly 
 . . . decorated by Walter 
 Crane; ill. 
 
 Lang (A.) ed. Nursery 
 Rhyme Book ; ill. by L. L. 
 Brooke. 
 
 Lear (E.). Book of Non- 
 sense; ill. 
 
 More Nonsense; ill. 
 
 Nonsense Botany and 
 
 Alphabet; ill. 
 
 Nonsense Songs; ill. 
 
 Lemonnier (C.). Bebes et 
 
 joujoux (Premieres lec- 
 tures de I'enfance) ; ill. 
 [French text.] 
 
 Little Folks' Christmas Vo- 
 lume ; ill. (pub. by Cassell) . 
 
 Little Folks' Series ; ill. 
 (pub. by Cassell). 
 
 Little Nursery Series ; ill. 
 
 Little People's Scrap-book ; 
 col. ill. 
 
 Lohmeyer (J.) and E. Bor- 
 mann. Reineke Fuchs ; 
 col. ill. by F. Flinzer. 
 
 Longmans' Continuous 
 
 Readers : 
 
 Cinderella. 
 
 History of Whittington. 
 
 Jack the Giant Killer. 
 
 Princess on the Glass 
 
 Hill. 
 
 Mack (R.). Mary's Mea- 
 dow : verses ; col. ill. 
 
 Mein erstes Bilderbuch 
 [German text] (chiefly 
 illustrations). 
 
 Minnsen (B.) ed. Book of 
 French Song for the Young ; 
 ill. by T. H. 'Robinson. 
 [French text.]
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 Mr. Punch's Book for Chil- 
 dren ; ed. by C. Pears ; 
 col. ill. 
 
 N ew Book for Children ; 
 
 ed. by C. Pears ; col. ill. 
 
 Children's Book ; ed. 
 
 by E. V. Lucas ; col. ill. 
 
 Mitchell (E.). Chickabiddy 
 
 Stones ; ill. by N. E. 
 
 Hardy. 
 
 Molesworth (Mrs.). Set. 
 Mother Goose's Nursery 
 
 Rhymes ; col. ill. by Mabel 
 
 Chadburn. 
 
 Nursery Rhymes; ill. 
 
 by F. Opper. 
 
 Nursery Rhymes and 
 
 Fairy Tales ; ill. by Sir J. 
 Gilbert and others. 
 
 See also Baum. 
 
 My Best Picture-book ; ill. 
 My Book of True Stories; 
 
 col. ill. 
 
 My Own Picture-book. 
 My Week-day Picture-book. 
 Neilson (Hy. B.) illust. 
 
 An Animal A. B.C. 
 
 Jolly Jumbo ; text 
 
 by C. Bingham ; col. ill. 
 
 Nesbit (E.). Story of the Five 
 Rebellious Dolls ; col. ill. 
 
 and others. Little 
 
 People's Book of Fun ; ill. 
 
 Nicholson (Wm.) illust. An 
 Alphabet; col. ill. 
 
 Square Book of Ani- 
 mals ; rhymes by A. 
 Waugh; col. ill. 
 
 A ' Nobody's ' Scrap-book ; 
 col. ill. 
 
 Nonsense for Some- 
 body . . . ; written by 
 a Nobody. 
 
 Some more Nonsense. 
 
 Nodier (C.). Tresor des 
 Fives et Fleur des Pois. 
 . . . ; itt. [French 
 text.] 
 
 O'Shea. Six Nursery Class- 
 ics. 
 Our Darlings : pictures and 
 
 stories. 
 Our Darling's First Book ; 
 
 ill. 
 
 Our Little Dots ; ill. 
 Our Little People's Book ; 
 
 ill. 
 Outcault (R. F.). Busier 
 
 Brown . . . ; col. ill, 
 Ozaki (Yei T.). Japanese 
 
 Fairy-book ; ill. 
 Peary (Mrs.). Children of 
 
 the A rctic ; ill. 
 Perrault (C.) and others. 
 Contes de fees ; ill. by 
 Bertall. [French text.] 
 Picture-book of A nimals . . . ; 
 
 col. ill. by Specht. 
 Playful Pets ; col. ill. 
 Plunket (E. M.). Very Short 
 Stories in Very Short 
 Words. 
 
 Comp. Merrie Games 
 
 in Rhyme from ye Olden 
 Time ; ill. 
 
 Potter (Beatrix). Set. 
 Poulsson (E.). Child Stones 
 
 and Rhymes . . . 
 Praeger (S. K.). Child's 
 Picture Grammar ; col. 
 ill. 
 
 Premier livre des petits 
 enfants : alphabet com- 
 plet [French text] ; ill. 
 (Les premieres lectures de 
 I'enfance). 
 
 Pretty Pictures for Little Pets. 
 The Prize.
 
 26 
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 ' Quatrelles.' Histoire de 
 I'intrepide Capitaine Cas- 
 tagnette ; ill, by G. Dore. 
 [French text.] 
 
 Rands (W. B.). Lilliput 
 Lyrics ; ill. by C. Robin- 
 son. 
 
 Readers. See Arnold, Bell, 
 Longmans. 
 
 Red Nursery Library ; pub. 
 by S.S.U. 
 
 Red Riding Hood. 
 
 Reynard the Fox : the Crafty 
 Courier ; in words of one 
 syllable by S. P. Day; 
 ill. 
 
 Rhymes for You and Me; 
 ill. (Children's favourite 
 ser.) 
 
 Riley (J. W.). Rhymes of 
 Childhood. 
 
 Robbins (L.). Dutch Doll 
 Ditties; ill. by C. Bing- 
 ham. 
 
 Robinson (Phil). Bubble 
 and Squeak . . . ; ill. 
 
 The Rosebud Annual. 
 
 Rossetti (C. G.). Sing- 
 song : a Nursery Rhyme 
 Book ; ill. by A. Hughes. 
 
 Rountree (Hy.) . A nimal 
 Game Book ; ill. 
 
 See also Hamer. 
 
 Saintsbury (G.) ed. Na- 
 tional Rhymes of the Nur- 
 sery ; ill. by G. Browne. 
 
 Schmidt (C. von). Contes 
 pour les enfants . . . ; ill. 
 by Bertall. [French text. ] 
 
 ' Setoun (Gabriel) ' pseud. 
 See Hepburn. 
 
 Shepherd (J. A.). Zigzag 
 Fables; col. ill. 
 
 Smith (Mrs. C.), 'Brenda'. 
 Froggy' 's Little Brother. 
 
 Nothing to Nobody. 
 
 Smith (Fred). The Animal 
 
 Book ; ill. by Specht. 
 Smith (Hannah), 'Hesba 
 Stretton ' . Jessica's First 
 Prayer. 
 
 Little Meg's children. 
 
 A lone in London. 
 
 Sonntag (H.). Magic Ring 
 
 of Music : intro. to the 
 study of music, adapted 
 to young children. Music. 
 
 Stead (W. T.) ed. Books 
 for the Bairns Ser. 
 
 Stevenson (R. L.). Child's 
 Garden of Verses ; ill. by 
 C. Robinson. 
 
 Stories to Read. 
 
 The Story A Ibum of A nimals ; 
 ill. 
 
 ' Stretton, Hesba.' See 
 Smith (Hannah). 
 
 Tabor (E.). Set (pub. anon. 
 When I was a little Girl, 
 and others). 
 
 Tales and Talks about Ani- 
 mals; col. ill. 
 
 Tales for Our Darlings. 
 
 Tales for Tiny Tots. 
 
 Taylor (Jane and Anne). 
 Little Anne ; col. ill. by 
 K. Greenaway. 
 
 Tell me a Story. 
 
 Tennyson (H.). Jack and 
 the Beanstalk ; ill. by 
 R. Caldecott. 
 
 Thomson (Hugh) illust. 
 Jack the Giant Killer. 
 
 Thorley (E. J.). An Alpha- 
 bet; ill 
 
 ' Tip-Cat pseud. Amy.
 
 Children's Home Libraries 
 
 27 
 
 Tournier (L.). Les pre- 
 miers chants : poesies 
 [French text] ; ill. 
 
 The Train Scrap-book (col. 
 ill. only). 
 
 Upton (B.). The Golliwog 
 Series. 
 
 Verbeek (G.). The Upside- 
 downs of little Lady Love- 
 kins and old man Muf- 
 faroo ; ill. 
 
 Wallace-Dunlop (M.) and 
 M. Rivett Carnac. Fairies, 
 Elves and Flower-babies; 
 ill. 
 
 Watson (E. M.) and others. 
 Once upon a time : favour- 
 ite nursery tales ; ill. 
 
 Weatherly (F. E.). Book 
 of Gnomes ; ill. by E. S. 
 Hardy. 
 
 Webb (W. Trego). Book of 
 Bad Children; ill. (Lit- 
 tle blue books.) 
 
 Weber (E.) ed. Neue Kin- 
 derlieder [German text] ; 
 col. ill. 
 
 Weedon (L. L.). Nursery 
 Tales ; ill. 
 
 Whyte (C. G.). Adventures 
 of Merry wink. 
 
 Wyss (J. R.). Swiss Family 
 Robinson ; ed. by M. 
 Godolphin (one sylla- 
 ble).
 
 CHAPTER III 
 
 THE HOUSEHOLD LIBRARY 
 
 EVERY intelligent man, whether an enthusiastic 
 book-lover or not, recognizes that books should 
 form part of the fittings of every room in a house. 
 Whether the apartment be a library, study, parlour, 
 nursery, drawing-room, kitchen, bedroom, dining- 
 room, boudoir, hall, or den, books of a suitable 
 kind should form part of its equipment. There is 
 much to be said in favour of gathering the book- 
 wealth of a household together in one place, but 
 there are practical inconveniences connected with 
 this course which make it undesirable. If all the 
 books are in the ' Library ' one has to endure the 
 nuisance of demands for particular works, coming 
 from the kitchen, drawing-room, or bedroom, and 
 the difficulty of securing their prompt and accurate 
 return. It also imposes upon the butler, the maid- 
 of-all-work, or whoever admits and attends upon 
 callers, the awful responsibility of procuring from 
 the library a pass-time book to amuse the waiting 
 visitor in the drawing-room. This might easily 
 lead to frightful complications, as, for example, an 
 author receiving a presentation copy of his own work
 
 3O The Household Library 
 
 uncut, or scribbled over with sarcastic annotations. 
 On the whole, there are too many practical disad- 
 vantages about the concentration plan to make it 
 generally acceptable. On the other hand, a bed- 
 room is not a suitable place for books, unless in the 
 case of people living in lodgings. In the first place, 
 is it wise to encourage the habit of reading in bed, 
 or of reading when one ought to be sleeping ? Again, 
 in cases of illness, particularly when infectious, the 
 stripping of the room, disinfection, and other dis- 
 turbing processes, make bedrooms unsuitable 
 places for the permanent storage of books. But 
 on this point, every householder must be a law 
 unto him or herself, as also on other points, such as 
 the desirability of placing books in the scullery or 
 coal-cellar. 
 
 A somewhat extensive and careful inquiry shows 
 that the general reference library of the average 
 British householder is not only incomplete, but in 
 most cases non-existent. In dozens of cases, he 
 does not possess a single reference book of any kind, 
 and in a majority of cases which have come under 
 notice, the household reference library consists of 
 a solitary school dictionary of the English language. 
 In a few cases houses are also found boasting of a 
 cookery-book, issued free by an enterprising firm 
 of sauce manufacturers, in which, by an extra- 
 ordinary coincidence, the one thing needful to the 
 success of a dish, is a dash of one or other of the 
 firm's productions. There are also houses which 
 preserve as literature the almanacks containing 
 recipes and testimonials, issued by various vendors
 
 The Household Library 31 
 
 of quack medicines, and there is no doubt that the 
 gullible British householder will accept almost 
 anything which is sufficiently advertised and 
 boomed, provided it is free. But of good, general 
 reference books, which answer nearly every question 
 likely to arise in an ordinary household, either from 
 arguments in the family, the suggestions of friends, 
 or the discussions of newspapers, the majority of 
 British families do not possess many. It is chiefly 
 because of this, and an extraordinary failure to make 
 intelligent use of the reference departments of 
 Public Libraries, that so much ignorance is mani- 
 fested by the average British citizen, on nearly 
 every subject under the sun. He addresses queries 
 to the newspapers on topics which he could answer 
 for himself by using his own home library, if he 
 had one ; or inquiring at the nearest Public Library. 
 But, instead of equipping himself with the tools 
 of knowledge for the benefit of himself or his family, 
 he prefers to grope blindly along in his own pig- 
 headed way, like his fathers before him, a prey to 
 every intelligent American or German who cares 
 to take advantage of his blunt indifference to the 
 power and value of book-learning. It is laughable, 
 though it is also pitiful, to observe such foolish 
 persons asking the same old questions in the same 
 old way, over and over again, as if answers to them 
 had not been placed on permanent record time 
 after time. The value of a small Home Reference 
 Library is simply enormous, and its possessor is 
 rendered superior to the little perplexities and diffi- 
 culties of life, which constantly occur to embarrass
 
 32 The Household Library 
 
 the man who will not expend a little money to pro- 
 vide a few necessary books. Cases are on record 
 of persons who have starved themselves in order to 
 ' save up ' for a sideboard, in which to store a few 
 wedding presents and half a dozen bottles of soda- 
 water ; their ignorance, the while, of every vital 
 fact of life being such, through neglect of the infor- 
 mation contained in books, that they were incom- 
 petent to take part in a discussion on any subject. 
 It is extraordinary to what an extent shrewd and 
 naturally intelligent business men will speak about 
 literature as frivolous and not worth considera- 
 tion in the struggle for life. By literature they 
 seem to recognize only novels and poetry ; never, 
 as a rule, the books in which are recorded the 
 world's history ; the facts of life as seen by suc- 
 cessive observers ; the technique, history and 
 special advantages of every trade, process or pro- 
 fession ; the wisdom of the world's best men ; in 
 short, the only permanent records of what has 
 already been accomplished by human beings in 
 every department of life. They will make the cheap, 
 inaccurate, and ephemeral information dispensed 
 by the newspaper serve their turn, and from it they 
 will take their politics, religion, and tips for finan- 
 cial speculations. Now, this is not as it should be, 
 in a country which is threatened on every side by 
 serious competition, in spite of the educational 
 facilities provided by the State. It is not enough 
 to have books on view at Public Libraries. In -a 
 critical time like the present, when intelligence and 
 knowledge are at a premium, it is just as important
 
 The Household Library 33 
 
 that every householder should possess certain 
 books for himself, and learn how to use them. The 
 best reference books for a Household Library are 
 those which will give the most frequently wanted 
 information in the most accessible manner. Leav- 
 ing out purely professional books, which every 
 householder must procure to meet his own require- 
 ments, the following is a brief list of absolutely 
 indispensable books, which should be found in 
 every British home, both for the adult and scholar 
 members of the family : 
 
 A MINIMUM HOUSEHOLD REFERENCE LIBRARY. 
 
 A good Dictionary of the English Language. 
 
 A good general Gazetteer. 
 
 A good Geographical Atlas. 
 
 A Biographical Dictionary (general). 
 
 A good Arithmetic. 
 
 A Medical Dictionary (Domestic medicine). 
 
 A Nursing Manual. 
 
 A good Cookery Book. 
 
 A Manual of Domestic Economy. 
 
 A Manual of Natural History. 
 
 This minimum list comprises most of the books 
 which will answer nearly all everyday questions, 
 and the works contained in it should be found in 
 every British home, from the lowest to the high- 
 est. The total cost of such a collection will vary 
 with the editions or special books chosen, and as 
 there are hundreds of different books on each one 
 of the subjects, the difficulty of selection is great. 
 To a librarian this difficulty is magnified by the 
 danger of appearing unfair or invidious by select- 
 ing one special book for mention out of so many. 
 
 S.L. D
 
 34 The Household Library 
 
 Without giving any expression of opinion as to 
 the surpassing quality of the books recommended, 
 a list of cheap books is subjoined on the subjects 
 noted, which almost every workman can buy in a 
 short time, and a list of more expensive books on 
 the same subjects, well within the means of every 
 middle-class household. From these suggestions 
 any one can make a selection : 
 
 *Nuttall's English Dictionary. 35. 6d. Warne. 
 Annandale's English Dictionary. 55. Blackie. 
 ^Chambers' Concise Gazetteer of the World. 6s. Cham- 
 bers. 
 Chisholm. Gazetteer of the World. 175. 6d. Times 
 
 Office. 
 
 Cassell's Universal Atlas. 305. Cassell. 
 * Bartholomew's Century Atlas and Gazetteer. 35. 6d. 
 
 Walker. 
 
 Patrick. Biographical Dictionary. ios. 6d. Cham- 
 bers. 
 
 *Brooksmith. Arithmetic. 45. 6d. Macmillan. 
 Thomson and Steel. Domestic Medicine. IDS. 6d. 
 
 Griffin. 
 
 *Mackenzie. Home Medicine, is. Gill. 
 *Wood (C. J.). Nursing for the Home and the Hospital. 
 
 is. 6d. Cassell 
 
 Harrison (Eveleen). Home Nursing. 45. 6d. Mac- 
 millan. 
 
 *Cassell's Cookery Book. is. Cassell. 
 Cassell's Dictionary of Cookery. 55. Cassell. 
 Beeton's Household Management, js. 6d. Ward, 
 
 Lock & Co. 
 
 *Barnett and O'Neill. Domestic Economy, is. Mac- 
 millan. 
 
 *Wood. Natural History. 35. 6d. Routledge. 
 Lydekker. Concise Knowledge Natural History. 5$. 
 
 The books marked * are published at less than 305., 
 but as most of them are subject to at least 25 per cent.
 
 The Household Library 35 
 
 discount, they can be purchased from almost any 
 bookseller for less than 20s. This, then, is the mini- 
 mum reference library which every British house- 
 holder should possess. There is great need for a 
 general biographical dictionary less in size and 
 price than Chambers' very excellent work men- 
 tioned above, and a biographical dictionary about 
 55., giving essential facts and dates only, is a 
 good speculation for any publisher. 
 
 For householders who can afford to furnish 
 their reference libraries more completely, the fol- 
 lowing supplementary list of books is recom- 
 mended : 
 
 Chambers' Encyclopedia. 10 vols. 5. 
 
 Haydn's Dictionary of Dates, Last edition. 
 
 Who's Who. (Contemporary Biography.) To be 
 got occasionally. 
 
 Hazell's Annual. To be got occasionally. 
 
 Whitaker's Almanack, is. Annually. 
 
 A Book of Recipes. (Cooley's is good, but expen- 
 sive.) 
 
 A History of England. (Green.) 
 
 A History of Scotland. (Say Hume Brown.) 
 
 A History of Ireland. (Say Walpole.) 
 
 A History of the World. (Sanderson.) 
 
 Dictionaries of Latin, French and German. 
 
 A Collection of Poetry. (Say Palgrave's Golden 
 Treasury.) 
 
 A Collection of Quotations. (Bartlett 35. 6d., or 
 Wood 75. 6d.) 
 
 There are many other books which could be named, 
 but these must wait till the question of stocking 
 larger libraries is under consideration. 
 
 In the suggestions made above, there is consider- 
 able scope for an enterprising bookseller in associa-
 
 36 The Household Library 
 
 tion with a cabinet-maker. When a young couple 
 start housekeeping, they generally buy a consider- 
 able number of articles of furniture which are sel- 
 dom used. Their purpose is mainly decorative, 
 and there would be considerable wisdom in substitut- 
 ing for these comparatively useless cabinets, otto- 
 mans, hall-stands, lamps, screens, and whatnots, a 
 suitable bookcase fitted with some of the books 
 already recommended. A reference library, how- 
 ever small, is infinitely more valuable than numer- 
 ous pieces of useless furniture, which are usually 
 purchased more out of regard for convention than 
 necessity or utility. Here, then, is a suggestion 
 for some enterprising firm, to prepare and sell in 
 combination the nucleus of a Household Reference 
 Library, stored in suitable cabinets according to 
 size. 
 
 Before leaving the subject of the Household 
 Library it will be necessary to consider what pro- 
 vision should be made for the general book collect- 
 tion in houses of moderate size. Houses possessing 
 large libraries as heirlooms are naturally ruled out 
 in such a survey, as are also those formed by cer- 
 tain millionaires at so much the foot run for books 
 and binding. In addition to certain necessary 
 reference and juvenile books, such as those already 
 mentioned, every house should possess a general 
 collection of literature of a varied character and 
 on different subjects, including a large selection of 
 good fiction. In the formation of such a collec- 
 tion, the taste and preferences of the collector 
 must be the sole guides. It is a thankless task mak-
 
 The Household Library 37 
 
 ing out lists of so-called ' Best Books', as aids to 
 selection, because opinions differ so much, and com- 
 pilers look at the question from so many stand- 
 points. The useful, but huge, lists of Mr. Swan 
 Sonnenschein are at one end of the row, and the 
 select lists of fifty or a hundred best books, com- 
 piled by Lord Avebury (when Sir John Lubbock) 
 and many others, are at the other extreme. Some 
 of these selections are useful as suggestions, but 
 most of the smaller lists are overburdened by a 
 straining after what is regarded as high literary 
 quality, which makes them very austere and for- 
 bidding. Lord Avebury's List of a Hundred Books, 
 for example, contains many items which are un- 
 suited for a general household library, or indeed 
 for the library of any one save the special student. 
 It aims too high, and is dull and impractical in 
 consequence. Most of the other select lists pub- 
 lished are marred by the same defects. They are 
 efforts to show the compiler's catholicity and pro- 
 fundity rather than practical attempts to direct 
 attention to good books which will instruct, ele- 
 vate, and divert. Imagine any one, after a hard 
 day's work in an office or factory, coming home to 
 read Wake's Apostolic Fathers or Bacon's Novum 
 Organum \ There is a limit to human endurance 
 in the task of reading for instruction's sake alone, 
 and it is reached when lists of good books are drawn 
 chiefly from pagan philosophers and divers religious 
 cranks of varying degrees of interest and value. 
 The books which will interest most people are those 
 which make some kind of direct appeal to their
 
 38 The Household Library 
 
 humanity, idea of beauty, or desire for special 
 knowledge. Most popular books must have merits 
 of a very substantial or peculiar kind to ensure 
 their longevity, otherwise it would be impos- 
 sible to account for the appearance of edition after 
 edition of certain works. Enterprising booming 
 is not the only reason for the success of any 
 book, especially when it is an old one published 
 before puffing journalism became a force. For 
 these reasons, a list of titles is here offered, on lines 
 which differ materially from those adopted by most 
 previous selectors. It is not an attempt to guide 
 the book-collector, nor an effort to dictate to the 
 gatherer of a Household Library what is best in all 
 literature to select ; but simply a series of sugges- 
 tions which may aid the ordinary citizen, not speci- 
 ally skilled in book-knowledge, to make up his 
 mind to form a library of reasonable quality and 
 utility. The list is frankly a Philistine one, which 
 will probably meet with the disapprobation of 
 those devotees of the written word who regard fine 
 writing as the beginning and end of all literature. 
 Nevertheless, it is a very practical one, covering 
 the popular side of most subjects, and including a 
 body of imaginative literature which no household 
 need be ashamed to possess. The bulk of the works 
 are those which enjoy great and continuous 
 popularity in Public Libraries, many of them are 
 classics, a few are included because of their histori- 
 cal value, and every book is interesting. From 
 this series of suggestions, any householder can 
 gradually build up his Home Library, varying the
 
 The Household Library 
 
 39 
 
 selection to meet his own views or tastes, and 
 omitting anything which may seem unsuitable. 
 
 SUGGESTIONS FOR A GENERAL HOUSEHOLD 
 LIBRARY. 
 
 SCIENCE. 
 
 Ball. Story of the Heavens. 
 
 Bates. Naturalist on the 
 A mazons. 
 
 Bettany. The World's In- 
 habitants. 
 
 Buckley. History of Na- 
 tural Science. 
 
 Burroughs. Wake Robin. 
 
 Clodd. Story of Creation. 
 
 Darwin. Descent of Man. 
 
 Faraday. Chemical History 
 of a Candle. 
 
 Furneaux. The Out-door 
 World. 
 
 Huxley. Physiology. 
 
 Jefferies. Life of the Fields. 
 
 Johnston. Chemistry of 
 Common Life. 
 
 Lyell. Elements of Geo- 
 logy. 
 
 Groundwork of 
 
 In the Guiana 
 
 Mivart. 
 
 Science. 
 Rod way. 
 
 Forest. 
 
 Step. Wayside Blossoms. 
 Thoreau. Walden. 
 Tyndall. Fragments of 
 
 Science. 
 
 Wallace. Island Life. 
 White. Natural History of 
 
 Selborne. 
 
 USEFUL AND FINE ARTS. 
 
 Bohn. Handbook of Games. 
 
 Boutell. British Archeo- 
 logy. 
 
 Drury. Book of Gardening. 
 
 Fletcher. History of Archi- 
 tecture. 
 
 Inman. Preservation of 
 Health. 
 
 Matthew. Musical His- 
 tory. 
 
 Richardson. Diseases of 
 Modern Life. 
 
 Robinson. English Flower 
 
 Garden. 
 Routledge. Discoveries and 
 
 Inventions. 
 Ruskin. Art of England. 
 
 Lectures on Art. 
 
 Seven Lamps of Arch- 
 itecture. 
 
 Walton-Cotton. Compleat 
 Angler.
 
 The Household Library 
 
 PHILOSOPHY, RELIGION, AND SOCIOLOGY. 
 
 Blackie. Self-culture. 
 
 Burton. Anatomy of Mel- 
 ancholy. 
 
 Cobbett. Advice to Young 
 Men. 
 
 Drummond. Natural Law 
 in Spiritual World. 
 
 Jevons. Principles of 
 Science. 
 
 aKempis. Imitation of 
 Christ. 
 
 Kidd. Social Evolution. 
 
 Lewes. History of Philo- 
 sophy. 
 
 Marcus Aurelius. Thoughts. 
 Montesquieu. Spirit of 
 
 Laws. 
 
 Morison. Service of Man. 
 Plato. Republic (Golden 
 
 Treasury). 
 Robertson. Elements of 
 
 Philosophy. 
 Smiles. Self-help. 
 Smith. Wealth of Nations. 
 Spencer. Education. 
 
 Study of Sociology. 
 
 Taylor. Holy Living and 
 
 Dying. 
 
 HISTORY AND TRAVEL. 
 
 Borrow. Bible in Spain. 
 
 Brassey. Voyages in the 
 ' Sunbeam '. 
 
 Bryce. A merican Com- 
 monwealth. 
 
 Burnaby. A Ride to Khiva. 
 
 Carlyle. French Revolu- 
 tion. 
 
 Cook. Voyages round the 
 World. 
 
 Darwin. Naturalist's Voy- 
 age. 
 
 Dufferin. Letters from high 
 Latitudes. 
 
 Duruy. History of France. 
 
 Escott. England : its Peo- 
 ple, etc. 
 
 Freeman. Sketch of Euro- 
 pean History. 
 
 Froissart. Chronicles. 
 
 Froude. Oceana. 
 
 Gardiner. Outline of Eng- 
 lish History. 
 
 Gibbon. Roman Empire. 
 
 Green. Short History of 
 English People. 
 
 Kinglake. Eothen. 
 
 Loftie. History of London. 
 
 Macaulay. History of Eng- 
 land. 
 
 McCarthy. History of our 
 own Times. 
 
 Motley. Dutch Republic. 
 
 Oman. History of Greece. 
 
 Ramsay. Reminiscences of 
 Scottish Life. 
 
 Scott. Tales of a Grand- 
 father. 
 
 Stevenson. Edinburgh. 
 
 Inland Voyage. 
 
 Travels with a Donkey. 
 
 Taine. Notes on England. 
 
 Twain. Tramp Abroad. 
 
 Wallace. Russia. 
 
 Whiteing. Life of Paris. 
 
 Whymper. Scrambles 
 
 amongst the Alps.
 
 The Household Library 
 
 BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Berlioz. Life by himself. 
 
 Boswell. Life of Johnson. 
 
 Cellini, Benvenuto. Auto- 
 biography. 
 
 Evelyn. Diary. 
 
 Forster. Life of Dickens. 
 
 Froude. Carlyle. 
 
 Hazlitt. Spirit of the Age. 
 
 Johnson. Lives of English 
 Poets. 
 
 Lee. Life of Shakespeare. 
 
 Lewes. Life of Goethe. 
 
 Lockhart. Life of Scott. 
 
 Life of Napoleon. 
 
 Life of Burns. 
 
 Miller. My Schools and 
 
 Schoolmasters. 
 
 Pepys. Diary and Memoirs. 
 Plutarch. Lives. 
 Rousseau. Confessions. 
 Ruskin. Prceterita. 
 Seeley. Napoleon I. 
 Southey. Life of Nelson. 
 
 POETRY, ESSAYS, Etc. 
 
 Poetical Works of : 
 
 R. Browning, Burns, By- 
 ron, Chaucer.Coleridge, 
 Dante, Goethe, Homer, 
 Keats, Longfellow, Mil- 
 ton, Moore, Scott, 
 Shakespeare, Shelley, 
 Tennyson, Virgil, 
 
 Wordsworth. 
 Henley. English Lyrics, 
 
 1340-1809. 
 Palgrave. Golden Treasury 
 
 of Verse. 
 Mackay. 1,001 Gems of 
 
 Poetry. 
 Addison. Selections from 
 
 the ' Spectator '. 
 Bacon. Essays. 
 Birrell. Obiter Dicta. 
 Brown. Horce SubsecivcB. 
 Browne (Artemus Ward) . 
 
 Works. 
 
 Burton. The Book Hunter. 
 Carlyle. Essays. 
 
 Chambers' Cyclopcedia of 
 English Literature. New 
 ed. 
 
 De Quincey. Englsh Opi- 
 um-eater. 
 
 Dunlop. History of Fic- 
 tion (Wilson). 
 
 Emerson. Essays. 
 
 Hewitt-Beach. Our Mother 
 Tongue. 
 
 Holmes. Breakfast - Table 
 Series. 
 
 Jerome. Idle Thoughts. 
 
 Lamb. Essays of Elia. 
 
 Lang. Letters to Dead 
 Authors. 
 
 Old Friends. 
 
 Lounsbury. History of 
 English Language. 
 
 Montaigne. Essays. 
 
 Pater. Appreciations. 
 
 Saint-Beuve. Essays. 
 
 Stevenson. Across the 
 Plains. 
 
 Virginibus puerisque.
 
 The Household Library 
 
 PROSE FICTION. 
 
 Austen. Pride and Pre- 
 judice. 
 Balzac. The Chouans. 
 
 Pere Goriot. 
 
 The Magic Skin. 
 
 Barrie. Auld Licht Idylls. 
 
 A Window in Thrums. 
 
 The Little Minister. 
 
 Besant-Rice. The Golden 
 
 Butterfly. 
 Ready-money Morti- 
 
 boy. 
 
 Black. A Daughter of Heth 
 A Princess of Thule. 
 
 Shandon Bells. 
 
 Blackmore. Lorna Doone. 
 
 Springhaven. 
 
 Bjornson. Arne. 
 
 Synnove Solbakken. 
 
 Borrow. Lavengro. 
 
 Romany Rye. 
 
 Bronte (C.). Jane Eyre. 
 Shirley. 
 
 Villette. 
 
 (E.). Wuthering Heights 
 
 Bulvver. The Caxtons. 
 
 Last Days of Pompeii. 
 
 Carleton. Traits and 
 
 Stories. 
 
 Cervantes. Don Quixote. 
 Collins. Moonstone. 
 
 Woman in White. 
 
 Cooper. Leather stocking 
 
 Tales, 5 vols. 
 
 The Pilot. 
 
 Crawford. Saracinesca. 
 
 Sant' Ilario. 
 
 Casa Braccio. 
 
 Crockett. The Raiders. 
 Daudet. Fromont the 
 
 Younger. 
 
 Tartarin of Tarascon. 
 
 Dickens. All his novels, or 
 
 Bleak House, David Cop- 
 
 perfield, Dombey and 
 
 Son, Martin Chuzzle- 
 
 wit, Nicholas Nickleby, 
 
 Old Curiosity Shop, and 
 
 Pickwick Papers. 
 
 Dostoyevsky. Crime and 
 
 Punishment. 
 
 Doyle. A dventures of Sher- 
 lock Holmes. 
 
 The White Company, 
 
 Dumas. Monte Christo. 
 
 Three Musketeers Se- 
 ries. 
 
 Eliot. Adam Bede. 
 
 Mill on the Floss. 
 
 Romola. 
 
 Silas Marner. 
 
 Erckmann - Chatrian. The 
 
 Conscript. 
 Feuillet. Romance of a 
 
 Poor Young Man. 
 Fielding. Tom Jones. 
 Gaboriau. Monsieur Le- 
 
 coq. 
 
 Gait. Annals of the Parish. 
 Gaskell. Cranford. 
 
 North and South. 
 
 Goethe. Wilhelm Meister. 
 Gogol. Tar ass Boulba. 
 Goldsmith. Vicar of Wake- 
 field. 
 
 Grant. Romance of War. 
 Haggard. She. 
 Hardy. Far from the Mad- 
 ding Crowd. 
 
 Tess of the D'Urber- 
 
 villes. 
 
 Hawthorne. House of the 
 Seven Gables. 
 
 Scarlet Letter.
 
 The Household Library 
 
 43 
 
 Howells. Silas Lapham. 
 Hugo. Les Miserables. 
 
 Notre Dame. 
 
 Irving. Sketch Book. 
 Jacobs. Many Car goes, etc. 
 James. Daisy Miller. 
 Jerome. Three Men in a 
 
 Boat. 
 
 Jokai. Black Diamonds. 
 Kingsley. Hypatia. 
 
 Westward Ho I 
 
 Kipling. Jungle Books. 
 
 Plain Tales from the 
 
 Hills. 
 
 La Fayette. The Princess 
 
 of Cleves. 
 
 Le Sage. Gil Bias. 
 Lever. Harry Lorrequer. 
 Lover. Handy Andy. 
 MacDonald. Alec Forbes. 
 Malory. Morte d' Arthur. 
 Manzoni. The Betrothed. 
 Marryat. Midshipman 
 
 Easy. 
 
 Peter Simple. 
 
 Meredith. Evan Harring- 
 ton. 
 
 Shaving of Shagpat. 
 
 Morier. Hajji Baba. 
 Mulock. John Halifax. 
 Murray. Aunt Rachel. 
 Ohnet. The Ironmaster. 
 Oliphant. Margaret Mail- 
 land. 
 
 Poe. Grotesque Tales. 
 
 Arthur Gordon Pym. 
 
 The Gold Bug. 
 
 Reade. Cloister and the 
 
 Hearth. 
 
 Foul Play. 
 
 Hard Cash. 
 
 It is Never too Late to 
 Mend. 
 
 Richardson. Clarissa Har- 
 
 lowe. 
 Richter. Flower, Fruit, and 
 
 Thorn pieces. 
 Russell. The Wreck of the 
 
 ' Grosvenor ' . 
 Sand. Consuelo. 
 
 Francis the Waif. 
 
 Mauprat. 
 
 Scott (M.). Tom Cringle's 
 Log. 
 
 (Walter). All the 
 
 Waverley Novels. 
 
 Shorthouse. John Ingle - 
 sant. 
 
 Sidney. A rcadia. 
 
 Smollett. Humphry Clink- 
 er. 
 
 Sterne. Tristram Shandy . 
 
 Stevenson. Kidnapped. 
 
 Catriona. 
 
 Master of Ballantrae. 
 
 New Arabian Nights. 
 
 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. 
 
 Hyde. 
 
 Sue. Wandering Jew. 
 Thackeray. Henry Esmond. 
 
 Newcomes. 
 
 Pendennis. 
 
 Vanity Fair. 
 Tolstoi. Anna Karenina. 
 
 War and Peace. 
 Trollope. Barchester Series . 
 Turgenev. Spring Floods. 
 Ward. Robert Elsmere. 
 Weyman. Gentleman of 
 
 France. 
 
 Under the Red Robe. 
 
 Wilson. Nodes Ambro- 
 
 siana. 
 Zola. The Downfall.
 
 44 The Household Library 
 
 It is perhaps desirable, before quitting the sub- 
 ject of Household Libraries, to devote a little 
 attention to a department which is generally over- 
 looked, either because it is not considered suffi- 
 ciently important, or from motives of mistaken 
 delicacy. Sir Walter Scott, with the plain, honest 
 frankness which characterized him, describes what 
 arrangements he made at Abbotsford to make 
 this part of his house attractive, by papering it 
 with amusing caricatures ; but very few others, 
 save occasionally architects or builders, ever give 
 the apartment in question a thought. This is 
 rather regrettable, as it makes explanation some- 
 what difficult to any pioneer who desires to grapple 
 with the subject, but it is as well to be frank and 
 deal plainly with the matter. Well, then, the 
 Bibliotheca Latrina, as this department of the 
 Household Library may be called, has a consider- 
 able claim to attention, and its furnishing with 
 books should be undertaken along with the rest of 
 the house. Considering the peculiar characteris- 
 tics of the apartment in question, and the large 
 amount of desultory reading which takes place in 
 it, the books procured must necessarily be of a 
 slight and unsustained kind. A capital class of 
 book, eminently suitable for the purpose, will be 
 found in small collections of anecdotes like Joe 
 Miller, Chambers, Seton, Laird of Logan, and 
 dozens of others which need not be named. Books 
 of aphorisms, like MacNish or Smith's Tin Trum- 
 pet ; short moral reflections, like those of La 
 Rochefoucauld ; or amusing worjks, like Beresford's
 
 The Household Library 45 
 
 Miseries of Human Life, (an admirable book which 
 ought to be reprinted at once) ; and all short and 
 pithy collections, such as proverbs, epigrams, etc., 
 might with perfect propriety find a place in the 
 Bibliotheca Latrina. In this, as in other depart- 
 ments of the Household Library, ultimate selection 
 of books must be left to the individual tastes and 
 preferences of householders ; but the object of this 
 paragraph will be gained if it succeeds in preventing 
 the claims of the Bibliotheca Latrina from being 
 entirely overlooked.
 
 CHAPTER IV 
 
 PROFESSIONAL AND WORKSHOP LIBRARIES 
 
 IN a previous part of this work, allusion has been 
 made to the indifference generally shown towards 
 technical and professional literature by those for 
 whose benefit it is laboriously compiled. Nearly 
 every author and publisher of technological works 
 has the same tale to relate, touching the indifference 
 of workmen and masters alike to book-aids to their 
 trade. Lawyers and medical men are certainly 
 more discerning and liberal patrons of their pro- 
 fessional literature, while clergymen must either 
 buy books or cease to preach, but the average man 
 of business, whatever his particular line may be, 
 must be written down, along with the publican 
 and the coster, as among those to whom the printed 
 records of learning, wisdom, and scientific dexterity 
 make but little appeal. Those superior persons 
 the average business men who are continually 
 parading their great commercial acumen before 
 the humbler folks who only rank as customers, 
 seem to be singularly short-sighted in regard to 
 the aid which literature can, and does, lend to 
 business. They support but one form of litera- 
 
 47
 
 48 Professional and Workshop Libraries 
 
 ture, if it can be dignified with the name, ADVERTIS- 
 ING, and in this respect they are to be commended 
 as faithful patrons of the art of printing. But in 
 nearly every other respect they disdain to borrow 
 hints from books or even their custodians. One 
 instance will suffice, and it must be understood to 
 refer exclusively to British men of business, and 
 not to Americans and Germans, who have shown 
 themselves intelligently alive to the power of 
 literature and the excellence of the devices used in 
 connexion with libraries. The average British 
 man of business, then, is a conservative, who will 
 not avail himself of even the most obvious labour- 
 saving method, unless he is driven to test it, and 
 reluctantly self-persuaded to use it in spite of 
 previous prejudice. The card-indexing system 
 is a case in point. This method has been in every- 
 day use in British, American, and Continental 
 libraries for more than a century, and is recognized 
 universally as a labour-saving device of the high- 
 est value. It has been widely adopted for every 
 kind of business purpose in America and Germany 
 book-keeping, address-indexing, stock-keeping, 
 traveller's records, and every variety of commercial 
 operation while in England, our men of business 
 look at it askance, because they think it is quite a 
 dilettante concern, used only by the impractical 
 men of affairs who run libraries. It is not to be 
 wondered at if such men are sceptical regarding 
 the value of book-knowledge when they thus ignore 
 an appliance, which, considered solely as a labour- 
 saving device for business purposes, might easily
 
 Professional and Workshop Libraries 49 
 
 become a means of materially increasing and im- 
 proving the volume and quality of their commer- 
 cial operations. If any one doubts the truth of 
 the assertion above made, as to the general in- 
 difference towards technical literature of manu- 
 facturers, workmen, and merchants, he, or she, 
 has only to take stock of the technical books 
 contained in the nearest shop or warehouse, to be 
 convinced that literature plays but a small part 
 in British trade or commerce. 
 
 The workshop library, generally speaking, con- 
 sists of various price-lists and manufacturers' 
 catalogues, with, perhaps, a ready-reckoner and 
 a few tables of rules and formulae. Many work- 
 shops do not even possess the price-lists, and all 
 kinds of processes are accomplished by rule-of- 
 thumb, in the good old way sanctioned by the 
 traditions of a long series of venerated great-great- 
 grandfathers. Methods and recipes are used which 
 are simply handed down from workman to work- 
 man, which have never been properly recorded 
 for reference, and never, therefore, compared with 
 similar, and perhaps more economical and effec- 
 tive processes. Some workshops of the largest 
 kind do possess valuable and fully-equipped re- 
 ference libraries of technical books, but they 
 are very often locked up in the office for the sole 
 benefit of the manager and foremen. In most 
 factories, very little in the way of technical books 
 will be found, save a few volumes of patterns or 
 trade catalogues ; and it must be confessed that, 
 from libraries in hotels and shops to those in light- 
 S.L. K
 
 50 Professional and Workshop Libraries 
 
 houses and battleships, fully-stocked and up- 
 to-date technical collections of books, capable of 
 being used in aid of the special trades or pro- 
 fessions are very seldom in evidence. 
 
 The question of providing useful and suitable 
 books for shops, warehouses or factories is greatly 
 complicated by the immense variety of different 
 trades and occupations implied by the very names 
 of shop and workshop, and further by the absence 
 of a good modern guide to the literature of trades. 
 The books which may prove useful to a grocer are 
 not necessarily those which an ironmonger would 
 require, while the reference books wanted in a 
 foundry would differ materially from those ap- 
 plicable to a tannery. It is, therefore, a matter of 
 impossibility to attempt to single out the technical 
 books which are best adapted for this, or that, or 
 the other trade. Those who are interested must 
 rely upon works like Sonnenschein's Best Books 
 and Readers' Guide, or Greenwood's Guide to 
 Technical and Commercial Books to be found in all 
 good libraries, and the reviews or notes in special 
 trade journals. But every shopkeeper and manu- 
 facturer ought to possess at least two or three of the 
 leading textbooks dealing with his trade, and at 
 least one manual of accountancy. It is needless to 
 repeat what has already been said about the in- 
 difference of shopkeepers to their technical litera- 
 ture and journals. It is, unfortunately, a fact 
 too well known to the publishers who bravely 
 undertake the thankless task of giving tradesmen, 
 in book form, an equivalent for the technical train-
 
 Professional and Workshop Libraries 51 
 
 ing which our own Government neglects, while 
 other nations are pushing ahead and injuring the 
 old British reputation for quality and accuracy 
 in every kind of manufacture and machine. It is 
 not ignorance, because the necessity for cultivating 
 scientific methods has been dinned into John Bull's 
 ears for very many years, and, generally speaking, 
 he is more indifferent now than he was before 1870. 
 Indeed, it may be questioned if there was not more 
 genuine taste for hard study and sound education 
 years ago, when the population was many millions 
 less, than at the present time, when horse-racing, 
 betting, billiards, football, and hooliganism in every 
 form are the favourite amusements of a great 
 majority of our commercial and artizan popula- 
 tion. But this is not an essay on social progress. 
 Of books which may be regarded as labour-saving 
 tools in the business of every shopkeeper there are 
 at least two which should be considered indis- 
 pensable : 
 
 A Local Directory. 
 A Ready Reckoner. 
 
 This may seem a very trite and obvious thing to 
 say, but any one with a turn for inquiry may easily 
 ascertain how very necessary these recommenda- 
 tions are, if he strolls into any retail shop in a 
 strange locality, and asks to see the directory. 
 One might as well ask for a sight of the Bible or a 
 Nautical Almanac in a public house ! 
 
 The list which follows is composed mostly of 
 books which will be found useful in almost any kind
 
 52 Professional and Workshop Libraries 
 
 of business, while some of them are more likely 
 to be required in workshops : 
 
 BOOK-KEEPING AND ACCOUNTANCY. 
 Hamilton-Ball. Book-keeping. 
 
 Crellin. Book-keeping for Wholesale and Retail Houses. 
 Thornton. Book-keeping for Business Men. 
 Jackson. Book-keeping. 
 
 Thomson. Principles and Practice of Book-keeping. 
 Arnold (H. L.). The Complete Cost-keeper. 1900. 
 Garcke and Fells. Factory Accounts. 1902. 
 Gunn. Business Training Manual. 
 Hooper -Graham. Modern Business Methods Series. 
 Cordingley. Counting-house Guide. 
 Ready. Precis and Precis Writing. 
 
 RECEIPTS. 
 
 Spon. Workshop Receipts. 5 Series. 
 Cooley. Cyclopedia of Practical Receipts. 2 vols. 
 Brannt-Wahl. Techno-Chemical Receipt Book. 
 'Scientific American ' Receipt Book. 
 
 RULES AND TABLES. 
 
 Clark. Mechanical Engineers' Pocket-book of Tables. 
 Trautwine. Civil Engineer's Pocket-book. 
 Molesworth. Pocket-book of Engineering Formulce. 
 Hutton. Works Manager's Handbook of Rules. 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 Statesman's \ 'ear-Book. Annually as issued. 
 A good Atlas. 
 Chisholm's Gazetteer. 
 Law without Lawyers. 
 Every Man's Own Lawyer. 
 
 The Secretary's Assistant and Correspondent's Guide. 
 A good English Dictionary, and, if necessary, German 
 or French ones. 
 
 A considerable number of the books noted under the 
 head of the reference department of the Household 
 Library will also be found useful in Factories, 
 Warehouses, and Shops. 
 
 As regards the books suitable for business houses
 
 Professional and Workshop Libraries 53 
 
 which lodge their assistants on the premises, like 
 the large drapery houses in London, the selections 
 made under the title of ' Suggestions for a General 
 Household Library ' will be found suitable. As 
 a rule, the so-called ' libraries ' in such business 
 houses are a complete sham. Certain stoppages 
 are made monthly from the wages of drapers' as- 
 sistants who ' live in ', which are supposed to go 
 towards the ' library ' ; but, as this educational 
 department usually consists of a few magazines 
 and newspapers, its importance need not be unduly 
 magnified. If the heads of such houses would 
 provide plenty of good books, and discourage the 
 type of semi-sporting newspaper usually found 
 in the so-called ' libraries ', there would be less 
 reason to complain of the general conduct of the 
 misguided young folks who are compelled to 
 waste their lives ' living in '. At any rate, a 
 good and well-selected library would tend to 
 discourage betting, and the never-ending indul- 
 gence in ' sweepstakes ' among both males and 
 females, and might even prevent many of the 
 girls from finding their chief recreation on the pave- 
 ment. 
 
 A parental government is supposed to look after 
 our soldiers and sailors, while municipal and other 
 bodies are credited with exercising a similar care 
 over policemen, firemen, street-cleaners, light- 
 house keepers, coast-guard, etc. No doubt the mun- 
 icipal public libraries serve exceedingly well the 
 needs of all kinds of municipal workers, and I know 
 that the Brethren of Trinity House and the Com-
 
 54 Professional and Workshop Libraries 
 
 missioners for Northern Lights, look well after the 
 literary entertainment of the watchers in our lonely 
 lighthouses. Imagine the exquisite horror of being 
 able to read Poe's Fall of the House of Usher, or 
 Arthur Gordon Pym, in an isolated lighthouse 
 during a dreadful storm ! It is doubtful, however, 
 if the provision of libraries made by the Admiralty 
 and the War Office for the inhabitants of our bar- 
 racks and ships of war is at all adequate. The best 
 technical collections are not freely at the call of 
 the common soldier or sailor, and consequently 
 their value must be greatly limited. It is not 
 proposed to consider the needs of every variety 
 of special library, because to a great extent the 
 chapters on the small municipal library will an- 
 swer every ordinary question.
 
 CHAPTER V 
 
 THE SCHOOL LIBRARY 
 
 ONE of the most important varieties of the Small 
 Library which has remained practically unde- 
 veloped in the United Kingdom, is the School 
 Library, which is sometimes looked upon as a 
 plaything, sometimes as an unnecessary adjunct 
 to educational work. In the United States great 
 progress has been made in the co-ordination of 
 school and municipal library work, but even in 
 that land of unlimited resources, the school library 
 is not such an intimate and useful factor in the life 
 of the average scholar as it might be made. But 
 there is a vast difference in the methods and aims 
 of the two countries in all that concerns school 
 libraries. In the United Kingdom we have a series 
 of isolated, and more or less successful, experiments, 
 which are not recognized by any central educa- 
 tional authority, and not, it must be admitted, 
 directed towards any specific or well-defined end. 
 In America, the school library movement is in 
 touch with both the State and Federal authorities, 
 while in many cases, the sympathies of the Munici- 
 pal authorities are enlisted as well. The library 
 
 55
 
 56 The School Library 
 
 and educational authorities of America are in close 
 touch with each other, and work hand in hand, 
 but in Britain the same authorities are scarcely on 
 speaking terms, save, as already said, in a few 
 iolated instances. It will be enough if, in illustra- 
 tion of this, it is stated that although we have many 
 good, bad and indifferent collegiate, public school, 
 board school, church school, academic, and Sunday 
 school libraries, they simply exist as concessions to 
 a kind of convention, and not as useful and working 
 units of a great national system of education and 
 literary recreation. It is true that this ideal has not 
 yet been attained in America indeed, there is a 
 good deal of expenditure of fruitless energy and 
 waste of library resources there but they have 
 secured the interest of the Central Education De- 
 partment, and they are gradually assembling, co- 
 ordinating and applying their library resources in 
 an economical and profitable manner. 
 
 It is not the purpose of this book to describe 
 methods of organization or work which will be 
 equally suitable for school libraries like those at 
 Harrow, Eton or Charterhouse, and the small 
 collections in elementary schools, but to give a few 
 general hints which may be useful in strengthening 
 and improving the smaller school libraries of the 
 country. The ordinary elementary and Sunday 
 school libraries are not selected on very broad 
 or useful lines, nor are they worked on the best and 
 simplest methods. The scholastic mind seems to 
 have a reverence for the goody-goody in literature, 
 which is either a tradition, or the outcome of a
 
 The School Library 57 
 
 long struggle with unruly boys and girls. This 
 has perhaps brought about the opinion that mild, 
 sloppy, intellectual fare may prove effectual in 
 curbing healthy animal spirits. It is hard to say 
 what merit may lurk in this dietetic policy. It 
 may safely be assumed, however, that diet will have 
 no effect of an appreciable kind in subduing the 
 strong, natural and boisterous spirits of the healthy 
 young. There are plenty of instances on actual 
 record of very brave Arab warriors reared on no- 
 thing but rice and dates ; Irish heroes fed chiefly 
 on potatoes ; Scottish soldiers on oatmeal ; English 
 men of might on beef and beer ; and Boer fighters 
 on biltong and water ; so that no accurate forecast 
 can be made of the future behaviour of a youth or 
 maiden fed on bread and milk or tea and toast. 
 As it is with the alimentary, so it is with the intel- 
 lectual diet. A course of Sandford and Merton 
 plus A Candle Lighted by the Lord, and similar pieces 
 of morbid religious reading, will not model our 
 Tom Sawyers, Stalkys, and Tom Browns, into the 
 uniform bundles of obedient deference, so greatly 
 prized by many teachers. It might be less trouble 
 for the schoolmasters, but it would be very bad 
 for the boys and girls if their reading or training 
 turned them into milksops or prudes. 
 
 Many guides to the formation of libraries for the 
 young have been issued, and the best of these 
 have been compiled by practical librarians, and 
 not by teachers. Usually, the schoolmaster's list 
 is full of vapid, colourless and goody-goody stuff 
 which children will not read. They cannot be
 
 58 The School Library 
 
 expected to take great delight in literature which 
 is reminiscent of school lessons, or which is calcu- 
 lated to hurt their self-respect, by being what a 
 London lad once contemptuously called them 
 ' Kids' Books '. The ' Kids' Books ' issued by the 
 various religio-commercial agencies, with their 
 extremely proper estimates of good and evil, and 
 their awful slaughter of good and innocent little 
 heroes and heroines, who are made to die young 
 from malignant diseases, as a reward for virtue, 
 is just the very class of literature which every 
 healthy-minded boy or girl will repudiate. Yet, 
 this is the kind of books with which most of our 
 Sunday and elementary schools are supplied, if 
 any kind of library exists at all. Now, instead of 
 this utterly feeble stuff, which is more likely to 
 induce boredom than inculcate moral principle, 
 why not start with a small reference library, which 
 will simplify studies, and aid scholars in their 
 pursuit of knowledge ? Both teachers and stu- 
 dents would benefit by the presence of a small, 
 up-to-date reference collection in some accessible 
 part of the school, and the books noted at the end 
 of this chapter will probably meet the needs of 
 most elementary schools. The same books, or 
 others of a similar kind, should find a place in the 
 reference collections which ought to be found in 
 every Municipal Juvenile Library. One of the most 
 effectual hindrances to the selection of suitable 
 books for school libraries is the want of sufficient 
 funds. It is the same disability which hampers the 
 work of municipal libraries, and indeed every-
 
 The School Library 59 
 
 body, save a few American and Hebrew million- 
 aires. Unless an adequate grant is made for the 
 purchase of new, and the renewal of worn-out 
 books, no school library can possibly be equipped 
 with good books, or maintained in a fair condition 
 of efficiency. Most of the school libraries are 
 divisible into two categories the Used and the 
 Unused. The former are freely accessible to all 
 the scholars, and the books are generally worn to 
 rags, because there is no fund from which to re- 
 place them. The latter are kept in locked presses, 
 under the care of a schoolmaster, and the books 
 are only occasionally doled out to the boys who 
 give least trouble, as a reward for the successful 
 repression of their natural animal spirits. The 
 contents of both kinds of library are not dis- 
 tinguished by much taste or catholicity in 
 selection, and many of the books are faded 
 ' chestnuts ' which no self-respecting scholar 
 will waste time over if he or she can get any- 
 thing with more life in it. The school libraries 
 in question generally contain some volumes 
 of Peter Parley's Annual ; a few ragged Ballan- 
 tynes, Kingstons, and Vernes ; the Quiver ; a 
 ragged assortment of Chatterbox ; a missionary 
 record or two ; Pinnock's Catechisms ; Corner's 
 History of England ; and similar accurate and stim- 
 ulating works, many of which are undoubtedly 
 the gifts of pious donors who wished to make 
 room in their own collections for something fresh. 
 On a rather higher plane, but still suffering 
 somewhat from the withering influences of red-
 
 60 The School Library 
 
 tape uniformity and goody-goodyism, are the lists 
 of books for school libraries and prizes prepared 
 by the Education Committee of the London County 
 Council. Here the selection is much more catholic 
 and extensive, but here also the Henty-Ballan- 
 tyne-A.L.O.E. influence is strongly marked. 
 
 It will be sufficient to make reference to the fol- 
 fowing work for a good deal of useful informa- 
 tion concerning Sunday school libraries institu- 
 tions, by the way, which are no longer so much 
 cultivated as in former days : Sunday School and 
 Village Libraries, with a List of Suitable Books and 
 Hints on Management, by Thomas Greenwood. 
 London : Jas. Clarke & Co. 1902. This little 
 work is the best textbook on the subject hitherto 
 published, and its author is the chief authority 
 on municipal libraries in Britain. It only requires 
 revision in the book-selection department to bring 
 it well up to date, and this can be done by compar- 
 ing it with the lists published in more recent 
 guides. The general administration and care of 
 School Libraries differ but little from the method 
 described for small municipal libraries, and there is 
 no reason, therefore, for traversing ground already 
 fully covered. Instead, this chapter will be fitly 
 concluded with lists of the authors and books 
 suggested as suitable and useful for Juvenile Refer- 
 ence and Lending Libraries, whether attached to 
 schools or municipal libraries.
 
 The School Library 
 
 61 
 
 REFERENCE BOOKS FOR JUVENILE LIBRARIES. 
 A GENERALIA. 
 
 Cassell's Cabinet Cyclopes - 
 dia. 
 
 Cassell's New Popular Edu- 
 cator. 
 
 Chambers' Encyclopedia . 
 10 vols. 
 
 Harmsworth's Cyclopedia. 
 8 vols. 
 
 Library of Useful Stories. 
 A set. 
 
 Temple Cyclopedic Primers. 
 A set. 
 
 Baker. Boy's Book of In- 
 ventions. 2 vols. 
 
 Williams. Romance of 
 Modern Invention. 
 
 Brooksmith. Arithmetic in 
 Theory and Practice. 
 
 Sonnenschein' s Arithmetic. 
 
 Workman's Arithmetic. 
 
 Chrystal. Algebra. 
 Todhunter. Algebra. 
 Woolhouse. Measures, 
 
 Weights and Moneys of 
 
 all Nations. 
 Heaton's Enlarged Ready 
 
 Reckoner. 
 Jones. Book-keeping for 
 
 Schools. 
 Thornton. Manual of 
 
 Book-keeping. 
 Todhunter. Euclid. 
 Workman and Cracknell. 
 
 Theoretical and Practical 
 
 Geometry. 
 Todhunter. Trigonometry 
 
 for Beginners 
 Todhunter. Mensuration 
 
 for Beginners. 
 
 B-D PHYSICAL SCIENCE. 
 
 Deschanel. Physics. 
 
 Niecks. Musical Terms. 
 
 Williams. Romance of Mo- Reclus. The Earth. 
 
 dern Engineering. 
 
 Pouchet. The Universe. 
 
 Hunt. Concise History of Pepper. Boy's Book of 
 Music. Science. 
 
 E-F BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE. 
 
 Cassell's Natural History, 
 by A. E. Bonser. 
 
 Wood. Popular Natural 
 History. 
 
 Step. The Romance of Wild 
 Flowers. 
 
 Wayside and Wood- 
 land Blossoms. 
 
 Wayside and Wood- 
 land Trees. 
 
 Hulme. Familiar Garden 
 Flowers. 
 
 Furneaux. Outdoor World : 
 Young Collector's Hand- 
 book. 
 
 Gordon. Birds and Nests. 
 
 Young Collector Series. 
 A set. 
 
 Hutchinson. Living Ani- 
 mals of the World.
 
 62 The School Library 
 
 G-H ETHNOLOGY AND SPORTS. 
 
 Hutchinson. Living Races Cassell's Book of Outdoor 
 
 of Mankind. Sports and Indoor Amiise- 
 
 Bettany World's Inhabi- ments. 
 
 tants. Gomme. English Singing 
 
 Brown. Races of Mankind. Games. 
 
 Maclaren. Physical Edit- Hutchinson's Games, In- 
 
 cation. door and Outdoor. 
 
 Athletic Records. Books on Cricket, Hockey, 
 
 Badminton Library. Ath- Football, Croquet, Lawn 
 
 letics, by Shearman and Tennis, and Swimming. 
 
 others. 
 
 I ECONOMIC BIOLOGY. 
 
 Cassell's Dictionary of Prac- Cassell's Great Industries. 
 
 tical Gardening, ed. by New Dictionary of 
 
 Wright. Cookery. 
 
 Rosevear. Textbook of Beeton's Household Man- 
 Needlework, agement. 
 
 Planche. History of British 
 Costume. 
 
 J-K RELIGION. 
 
 Bettany. The World's Re- ed. with Helps and Illus- 
 
 ligions. trations). 
 
 Bible in English (Oxford Easton. Illustrated Diction- 
 ary of the Bible. 
 
 L SOCIAL SCIENCE. 
 
 Chambers' Book of Days. Humphrey. Coin Collector' s 
 
 Dyer. British Popular Cus- Manual, 
 toms. 
 
 M LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE. 
 
 Ogilvie. Student's English Swan. Christian Names, 
 
 Dictionary. Male and Female. 
 
 James and Mole. French Miles. ^New Standard Elocu- 
 
 Dictionary. tionist. 
 
 Whitney. German Diction- Bell. Standard Elocution- 
 ary, ist. 
 
 Smith and Hall. Latin Chambers' Cyclopedia of 
 
 Dictionary. English Literature. 3vols. 
 
 Liddell and Scott. A Greek- Pitman's Shorthand Die- 
 English Lexicon. tionary. 
 
 Bardsley. English and 
 Welsh Surnames.
 
 The School Library 
 
 N LITERARY FORMS. 
 
 Nield. Guide to the best His- 
 torical Novels and Tales. 
 
 Grainger. Index to Poetry. 
 
 Collection of Ballads of 
 England and Scotland. 
 
 Collections of Songs and 
 other Anthologies. 
 
 Palgrave. Children's Treas- 
 ury of Lyrical Poetry. 
 
 Henley, ed. Lyra heroica. 
 
 Collections of A necdotes, 
 
 Proverbs, Mottoes, and 
 Books of Quotations. 
 
 Brewer Dictionary of Quo- 
 tations. 
 
 Bartlett. Familiar Quota- 
 tions. 
 
 1,001 Anecdotes by Miles. 
 
 1,001 Animal Anecdotes by 
 Miles. 
 
 Christy. Proverbs and Max- 
 ims of all Ages. 
 
 O-W HISTORY AND GEOGRAPHY. 
 
 Oilier. Universal History. 
 
 Duruy. History of the 
 World. 
 
 Low and Pulling. Diction- 
 ary of English History. 
 
 Blair. Chronological Tables. 
 
 Haydn. Dictionary of 
 Dates. 
 
 Chisholm. Gazetteer of the 
 World. 
 
 Mill. International Geo- 
 graphy. 
 
 Johnston's Royal Atlas 
 (small edition). 
 
 Historiesof England , France, 
 Germany, Spain, Austria, 
 Portugal, Italy, Russia, 
 Netherlands, Scandina- 
 via, Switzerland, Greece, 
 Turkey, Rome, India, 
 China, Japan, United 
 States, Canada, Austra- 
 lia, New Zealand, British 
 Colonies. 
 
 X BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Ch amber s' Biographical 
 Dictionary. 
 
 Dictionary of National Bio- 
 graphy (Index). 
 
 Books of Flags and Crests. 
 Who's Who. 
 
 Hulme (F. E.). Flags of 
 the World. 
 
 LENDING BOOKS 
 
 FOR JUVENILE LIBRARIES. 
 FICTION. 
 
 ' A.L.O.E.' See Tucker. 
 Adams (H. C.). Set. 
 Alcott (Louisa M.). Set. 
 Andersen (Hans C.). Fairy 
 Tales. 
 
 Contes. [French text.] 
 
 Marchen. [German 
 
 text]. 
 
 Andrews (Jane). Set. 
 
 A nimal A utobiographies 
 (Series). 
 
 Arabian Nights Entertain- 
 ments. 
 
 Asbjornsen (P. C.). Set. 
 [Fairy Tales}. 
 
 Atkinson (J. C.). Set.
 
 6 4 
 
 The School Library 
 
 Aulnoy (Countess d'). 
 Fairy Tales 
 
 Austin (Stella) . Set. 
 
 Bain (R. Nisbet) ed. Cos- 
 sack Fairy Tales. 
 
 trans. Russian Fairy 
 
 Tales. 
 
 Turkish Fairy Tales. 
 
 Baker (Sir Samuel W.). 
 Cast up by the Sea. 
 
 True Tales for my 
 
 Grandsons. 
 
 Baldwin. Story of Ro- 
 land. 
 
 Story of Siegfried and 
 
 Beowulf. 
 
 Ballantyne (R. M.). Set. 
 
 Bellerby (Isabel) and others. 
 Diamond Fairy Book. 
 
 Bell's Reading Books. 
 (Abridgments of the 
 works of Dickens, Gold- 
 smith, Scott.) 
 
 Bennett (John). Master 
 Skylark. 
 
 Booth (Maud B.). Lights 
 of Childland. 
 
 Sleepy-time Stories. 
 
 Bowman (Anne). Set. 
 Brabourne (Lord) See 
 
 Knatchbul 1-Hugessen. 
 ' Brenda.' See Smith 
 
 (Mrs. Castle). 
 Brentano (C.). Fairy Tales 
 
 and New Fairy Tales. 
 Brereton (F. S.). Set. 
 Bullen (Frank T.). Frank 
 
 Brown, Sea Apprentice. 
 
 A Son of the Sea. 
 
 Bunyan (John). Pilgrim's 
 
 Progress. (Also told to 
 the children by Mary 
 Macgregor.) 
 Burnett (Frances H.). Set. 
 
 Caine (O. V.). Set. 
 
 Campe (Joachim H.). Ro- 
 binson der Jungere. [Ger- 
 man text.] 
 
 Capuana (Luigi). Once 
 upon a time : fairy 
 tales. 
 
 Carove (F. W.). The Story 
 without an End. 
 
 ' Carroll (Lewis).' See 
 Dodgson. 
 
 Cazin (Mme. J.). Set. 
 [French text.] 
 
 Cervantes-Saavedra (M. de). 
 Don Quixote ; A dapted 
 for Children, by Jones, 
 Lang, Parry. 
 
 Chaucer. Canterbury Tales 
 [in prose, by C. Cowden 
 Clarke, Darton and 
 others]. 
 
 Church (Alfred J.). Set. 
 ' Collingwood (Harry).' 
 See Lancaster. 
 
 ' Coolridge (Susan).' See 
 Woolsey (Sarah C.). 
 
 Cooper (Edward H.). Wye- 
 marke Series. 
 
 Cooper (James F.). Lea- 
 ther-stocking tales (series) 
 
 Cox (Sir G. W.). Tales of 
 Ancient Greece. 
 
 Crake (A. D.). Set. 
 
 Creswick (Paul). Set. 
 
 Crockett (S. R.). Red Cap 
 Tales. 
 
 Sir Toady Crusoe. 
 
 Surprising Adventures 
 
 of Sir Toady Lion. 
 
 Sweetheart Travellers. 
 
 Cummins (Maria S.). The 
 
 Lamplighter. 
 Day (Thomas). Sandford 
 
 and Merton.
 
 The School Library 
 
 Defoe (Daniel). Robinson 
 Crusoe (also told to the 
 children by J. Lang). 
 
 Robinson Crusoe's Rei- 
 
 sen. [German text.] 
 
 La Vie et les aventures 
 
 de R. C. [French text.] 
 
 De la Ramee (L.) ' Ouida'. 
 Bimbi : stories for chil- 
 dren. 
 
 Dickens (Charles). The 
 A dventures of Oliver 
 Twist : abridged. (Bell's 
 Reading Books.) 
 
 Story of little Nell : 
 
 abridged. (Bell's Read- 
 ing Books.) 
 
 Story of Paul Dom- 
 
 bey : abridged. (Bell's 
 Reading Books.) 
 
 Dodge (Mrs. M. E.). Don- 
 ald and Dorothy. 
 
 Hans Brinker. 
 
 Dodgson (C. L.), ' Lewis 
 
 Carroll '. Set. 
 Edgar (J. G.). Set. 
 Edgeworth (Maria). Set. 
 Edwards (Charles). Set. 
 Ellis (Edward S.). Set. 
 Everett - Green (Evelyn) . 
 
 Set. 
 
 Ewing (Juliana H.). Set. 
 Farrar (Frederic W.). Set. 
 Farrow (G. E.). Set. 
 Fenn (George Manville). 
 
 Set. 
 
 Field (Mrs. E. M.). Set. 
 Finnemore (John). Set. 
 Fortescue (John). Story of 
 
 a Red Deer. 
 
 Fowler (W. W.). Set. 
 Gilliat (E.). Set. 
 Goldsmith (Oliver). See 
 
 Bell's Reading Books. 
 
 S.L. 
 
 Gomme (G. L.) ed. Set. 
 
 Gordon Stables (W.). Set. 
 
 Green (E. Everett-). See 
 Everett-Green. 
 
 Grierson (Elizabeth W.). 
 Children's Tales from Scot- 
 tish Ballads. 
 
 Grimm (W. and J.). Fairy 
 Tales. 
 
 Contes choisis des feres 
 
 Grimm. [French text.] 
 
 Kinder und Hausmar- 
 
 chen. [German text]. 
 
 Groves (J. Percy). Set. 
 Harraden (Beatrice). New 
 Book of the Fairies. 
 
 Things will take a turn. 
 
 Untold Tales of the 
 
 Past. 
 
 Harris (Joel C.). Set. 
 Hawthorne (Nathaniel), i. 
 
 A Wonder Book for Boys 
 
 and Girls. 
 2. Tanglewood Tales. 
 
 Sequel. 
 
 Henty (George A.). Set. 
 Home (Andrew) . Set. 
 
 (School stories.) 
 Hughes (Thomas). Tom 
 
 Brown's Schooldays. 
 Jacobs (Joseph) ed. Set. 
 
 (Fairy tales.) 
 Jefferies (Richard). Bevis. 
 
 Wood Magic. 
 
 Kearton (Richard). Ad- 
 ventures of Cock Robin 
 and his Mate. 
 
 Strange Adventures in 
 
 of 
 
 Dicky-bird Land. 
 Keary (A. E.) Heroes 
 
 A sgard. 
 Ker (David). Set. 
 King. Arthur and his 
 
 Knights of the Round Table.
 
 66 
 
 The School Library 
 
 Kingsley (Charles). The 
 Heroes (also told to the 
 children by Mary Mac- 
 gregor). 
 
 The Water Babies 
 
 (also told to the children 
 by Amy Steedman). 
 
 Kingston (Wm.H.G.). Set. 
 Kipling (Rudyard). Cap- 
 tains Courageous. 
 
 i. Jungle Book. 
 
 2. Second Jungle Book. 
 
 Just so Stories. 
 
 Puck of Pook's Hill. 
 
 Stalky 6- Co. 
 
 Knatchbull-Hugessen (E. 
 
 H.),LordBrabourne. Set. 
 Lamb (C. and M.). Mrs. 
 
 Leicester's School. 
 
 Tales fromShakespeare. 
 
 Lancaster (Wm. J. C.), 
 
 ' Harry Collingwood ', 
 
 pseud. Set. 
 Lang (Andrew) ed. Set. 
 
 of fairy books 
 Lanier (S.). Set. 
 Leighton (Robert). Set. 
 Macdonald (George). At 
 
 the Back of the North 
 
 Wind. 
 
 Gutta-percha Willie. 
 
 Light Princess. 
 
 i. Princess and the 
 
 Goblin. 
 
 2. Princess and the 
 Curdie. 
 
 Ranald Bannerman's 
 
 Boyhood. 
 
 Rough Shaking. 
 
 Macgregor (Mary). Set. 
 (Stories of King Arthur, 
 also adaptations of the 
 Pilgrim's Progress and 
 The Heroes.) 
 
 Macleod (Mary). Set. 
 
 Malory (Sir T.). (Adapta- 
 tions of the Story of 
 King Arthur by Clay, 
 Cutler, Frost, Greene, 
 Macgregor, Macleod, Pyle 
 and others.) 
 
 Marryat (Frederick) . Chil- 
 dren of the New Forest. 
 
 The Little Savage. 
 
 Masterman Ready. 
 
 The Mission. 
 
 Settlers in Canada. 
 
 Marshall (Emma.) Set. 
 Meade (L. T.). Set. 
 Miles (Alfred H.) ed. Fifty- 
 two Stories Series. 
 
 Molesworth (Mrs. Mary L.). 
 
 Set. 
 Moore (F. Frankfort). Set. 
 
 (Sea stories). 
 Nesbit (Edith). Set. 
 ' Ouida.' See De la Ramee. 
 Parry (Edward A.). Set. 
 Perry (W. C.). Boy's Iliad. 
 
 Boy's Odyssey. 
 
 Pickering (Edgar). Set. 
 Pierson (Clara D.). Set. 
 Price (Eleanor C.). In the 
 
 Lion's Mouth. 
 Ragozin (Z. A.). Frithjof. 
 
 Siegfried. 
 
 Reed (Talbot Baines). Set. 
 Reid (Mayne). Afloat in 
 the Forest. 
 
 The Boy Slaves. 
 
 The Boy Tar. 
 
 i. The Bush Boys. 
 
 2. The Young Yagers. 
 
 3. The Giraffe Hunt- 
 ers. 
 
 Bruin. 
 
 i. The Plant Hunters. 
 
 2. The Cliff Climbers
 
 The School Library 
 
 67 
 
 Reid (Mayne.) i. Ran away 
 to Sea. 
 
 2. The Ocean Waifs. 
 
 The Vee-Boers. 
 
 Robin Hood, Stories of. 
 
 (Adapted for Children by 
 Creswick, M'Spadden, 
 Marsh, Pyle and others. 
 
 Russell (W. Clark). Mas- 
 ter Rockafellar's Voyage. 
 
 Saunders (Mrs. Marshall). 
 Set. 
 
 Scott (Michael). Cruise of 
 the ' Midge '. 
 
 Tom Cringle's Log. 
 
 Scott (Sir Walter). See 
 
 Bell's Reading Books, 
 also abridged editions of 
 Ivanhoe, A Legend of 
 Montrose, The Talisman, 
 with notes and a short 
 biography by A. Lang. 
 
 Scudder (H. E.). Children's 
 Book. 
 
 Sewell (Anna). Black 
 Beauty. 
 
 Shakespeare. Prose adap- 
 tations by Lamb, Lang, 
 Lanier, Quiller-Couch, 
 Townsend and others. 
 
 Sharp (Evelyn). Set. 
 
 Smith (Mrs. Castle), ' Bren- 
 da '. Set. 
 
 Smith (Hannah), ' Hesba 
 Stretton '. Set. 
 
 Spenser. Prose adaptations 
 by Macleod, Royde- 
 Smith, Towry. 
 
 Stables (Wm. Gordon-). See 
 Gordon-Stables. 
 
 Stanley (Sir Henry M.). 
 My Dark Companions. 
 
 My Kalulu. 
 
 Stevenson (Robert Louis). 
 
 Treasure Island. 
 
 The Black Arrow. 
 
 Stowe (Mrs. H. Beecher). 
 
 Uncle Tom's Cabin : told 
 
 to the children by H. E. 
 
 Marshall. 
 
 See also Bell's Read- 
 ing Books. 
 
 Strang (Herbert). Set. 
 
 ' Stretton (Hesba) '. See 
 Smith (Hannah). 
 
 Swift (Jonathan). Gulli- 
 ver's Travels : told to 
 the children by John 
 Lang. 
 
 Voyages de G. [French 
 
 text : abridged for chil- 
 dren.] 
 
 Tabor (Eliza). Set. (Pub. 
 all anon., When I was a 
 little Girl, Eight Years Old 
 and others.) 
 
 Tucker (Mrs. C. M.), 
 
 A.L.O.E: Set. 
 
 Turner (Ethel). Set. 
 
 Verne (Jules). Set. 
 
 Walton (Mrs. O. F.). Set. 
 
 Warner (Susan), ' Eliza- 
 beth Wetherall '. Wide, 
 Wide World. 
 
 Whistler (Charles W.). Set. 
 
 Wiggin (Kate D.). Set. 
 (Children's stories). 
 
 Woolsey (Sarah C.), ' Susan 
 Coolridge '. What Katy 
 Did Series. 
 
 Wyss (Johann R.). Swiss 
 Family Robinson. 
 
 Le Robinson Suisse. 
 
 [French text.] 
 
 Willis the Pilot.
 
 68 
 
 The School Library 
 
 NON-FICTION. 
 POPULAR SCIENCE AND ART. 
 
 Allen (P). Playing at Bot- 
 any. 
 
 Andrews (Mrs. J.). Stones 
 Mother Nature told her 
 Children. 
 
 Badenoch (L. N.). Romance 
 of the Insect World. 
 
 Baker (R. S.). Boy's Book 
 of Inventions. 
 
 Boy's Second Book of 
 
 Inventions. 
 
 Ball (Sir R. S.). Star-land. 
 
 Beard (L. and A. B.). 
 Girl's Handy Book. 
 
 Boy's Handy Book. 
 
 Bonser (A. E.). Cassell's 
 Natural History for Young 
 People. 
 
 Buckley (A. B.). Fairy- 
 land of Science. 
 
 ThroughMagic Glasses. 
 
 Short History of Nat- 
 ural Science. 
 
 Life and her Children. 
 
 Cassell's Book of Sports 
 
 and Pastimes. 
 
 Cochrane (R.). Four Hun- 
 dred Animal Stones. 
 
 More Animal Stories. 
 
 Romance of Industry 
 
 and Invention. 
 Clodd (E.). Childhood of 
 
 the World. 
 Darwin (Charles) . Voyage 
 
 round the World in the 
 
 ship ' Beagle '. 
 Faraday (M.). Chemical 
 
 History of a Candle. 
 Fowler (W. W.). Tales of 
 
 the Birds. 
 
 Furneaux (W.). The Out- 
 door World, or Young 
 Collector's Handbook 
 
 Giberne (A.). The Mighty 
 Deep. 
 
 Sun, Moon, and 
 
 Stars. 
 
 Radiant Stars. 
 
 Gomme (A.). English Sing- 
 ing Games. 
 
 Henslow. Botany for Chil- 
 dren. 
 
 Hutchison. Indoor Games. 
 
 Outdoor Games. 
 
 Kearton (R.). Our Bird 
 
 Friends : for Boys and 
 Girls. 
 
 Nature's Carol Singers. 
 
 Kingsley (C.). Madam How 
 
 and Lady Why. 
 
 Lukin (J.). Young Me- 
 chanic. 
 
 Lucas (E. V. and E.). What 
 shall we do now ? Chil- 
 dren's Games and Em- 
 ployments. 
 
 Menpes. The World's Chil- 
 dren. 
 
 Pepper (J. H.). Boy's 
 Playback of Science. 
 
 Boy's Book of Metals. 
 
 Seton-Thompson. Lives of 
 
 the Hunted. 
 
 Wild Animals I have 
 
 Known 
 
 St. John. Things a Boy 
 should know about Elec- 
 tricity. 
 
 Stickney (J. H.). Bird 
 World for Children.
 
 The School Library 
 
 6 9 
 
 Taylor (J. E.). Geological 
 
 Stories. 
 White (Gilbert). Natural 
 
 History of Selborne. 
 Williams (A.). Romance of 
 
 Modern Engineering. 
 How it works. 
 
 Wood (J. G.). The Boy's 
 Own Book of Natural His- 
 tory. 
 
 Popular Natural His- 
 tory. 
 
 Young Collector' sHandbooks. 
 
 BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Bolton (S. K.). Lives of 
 
 Girls who became Famous. 
 Lives of Boys who 
 
 became Famous. 
 Brooks (E. S.). Historic 
 
 Boys. 
 Edgar. Boyhood of Great 
 
 Men. 
 Chambers (W. and R.). 
 
 Life by R. Chambers. 
 Columbus, Story of, by 
 
 Seeley. 
 Cook (Capt. J.), by Sir W. 
 
 Besant. 
 Darling, Grace, Life, by Eva 
 
 Hope. 
 
 Drake, by G. M. Towle. 
 Edward (Thomas). Life of 
 
 a Scotch Naturalist, by 
 
 Smiles. 
 Fleming (Marjorie) (Pet 
 
 Marjorie), Life, by Mac- 
 bean. 
 
 Joan of Arc, by Boutet de 
 
 Monvel. 
 Lincoln (A braham) , by 
 
 Thayer. 
 Livingstone (David), by H. 
 
 J. Adams. 
 Mackay of Uganda. Story 
 
 of his life told for boys 
 
 by his sister. 
 Nasmyth (James), ed. by 
 
 Smiles. 
 Nelson (Horatio), Life, by 
 
 Hadden. 
 Paton (John), Story of, told 
 
 for young folks. 
 Plutarch, Boy's and Girl's, 
 
 by White. 
 Washington (Geo.), by 
 
 Thayer. 
 Wellington, Life, by W. H. 
 
 Maxwell. 
 Victoria, Queen, Story of 
 
 the Life, by Tulloch. 
 
 HISTORY AND TRAVEL. 
 
 Ballantyne. Hudson's Bay. 
 
 Brassey (Lady). Voyage in 
 the ' Sunbeam '. 
 
 Church (A. J.). Pictures 
 from Greek Life and Story. 
 Pictures from Roman 
 Life and Story. 
 
 Cook (Capt.). Three Voy- 
 ages round the World. 
 
 Creasy (Sir E.). The Fifteen 
 
 Decisive Battles of the 
 
 World. 
 Gumming. Five Years of a 
 
 Hunter's Life in South 
 
 Africa. 
 Dickens (C.). A Child's 
 
 History of England.
 
 The School Library 
 
 Fitchett (W. H.). Deeds 
 that won the Empire. 
 
 Johnes (M.). Boy's Book of 
 Modern Travel and Ad- 
 venture. 
 
 Josephus. Our Young Folks' 
 Josephus. 
 
 Joyce (P. W.). Child's His- 
 tory of Ireland. 
 
 Kane (E. H.). Arctic Ex- 
 plorations. 
 
 Knox (T. W.). Set of 
 Travel Books. 
 
 Lanier (Sidney). Boy's 
 Froissart. 
 
 Macleod (N.). Half -hours 
 in the Holy Land. 
 
 Marshall (H. E.). Our Is- 
 land Story. 
 
 Marshal (E.). Scotland's 
 Story : a child's history. 
 
 Mitton (G. E.). London. 
 
 Park (Mungo). Travels in 
 Africa. 
 
 Religious Tract Soc. Pic- 
 tures of Travel, a set. 
 
 Scott (Sir W.). Tales of a 
 Grandfather (Scotland). 
 
 Tales of a Grand- 
 father (France). 
 
 Smiles (S.). Boy's Voyage 
 round the World. 
 
 Synge (M. B.). Story of 
 the World for Children of 
 the British Empire. 
 
 Yonge (C. M.) . A unl Char- 
 lotte's Stories of English 
 History. 
 
 POETRY. 
 
 Caldecott. Collection of 
 
 Pictures and Songs. 
 Chadburn (M.). Mother 
 
 Goose's Nursery Rhymes. 
 Coates. Children's Book of 
 
 Poetry. 
 Field (E.). Lullaby-land: 
 
 songs of childhood. 
 Halliwell-Phillips. Nursery 
 
 Rhymes. 
 Henley (W. E.). Lyra hero- 
 
 ica : verse for boys. 
 
 Lang (Andrew). Nursery 
 Rhyme Book. 
 
 Lucas (E. V.). Book of 
 Poetry for Children. 
 
 Palgrave (F. T.). Chil- 
 dren's Treasury of Lyrical 
 Poetry. 2 vols. 
 
 Stevenson (R. L.). Child's 
 Garden of Verses. 
 
 Tennyson for the Young : 
 ed. by Ainger.
 
 CHAPTER VI 
 
 THE SMALL MUNICIPAL LIBRARY 
 
 WITH certain honourable exceptions, the smaller 
 municipal libraries of the United Kingdom may 
 be said to become formed by a process which 
 involves the accumulation of books to the exclusion 
 of literature. In other words, the matter-of-fact 
 business men who usually control such institu- 
 tions, prefer in most cases to have quantity rather 
 than quality, and desire to see a number of books, 
 no matter how useless, rather than a well-selected 
 library of representative literature. The reasons 
 for this are quite obvious. A library being but a 
 collection of books, it becomes business men to 
 assemble as many as possible in the shortest time, 
 in order, perhaps, to outshine an adjoining town- 
 ship, or to satisfy the ratepayers that they are 
 hard at work in the interests of education ! To 
 many library committeemen a book is just a 
 book, and like bricks, or paving stones, or potatoes, 
 or other realizable stock, the bigger the accumu- 
 lation the better. When the typical library com- 
 mitteeman is told that his library contains 5,000
 
 72 The Small Municipal Library 
 
 volumes, he never asks how the different classes 
 of literature are represented, but what is the 
 average cost per volume ? It is inevitable that 
 it should be so, because the great majority of 
 public library administrators are drawn from the 
 ranks of the small tradesmen, persons interested 
 in poor-law administration, and others to whom 
 the question of an additional halfpenny on the 
 local rates is of more importance than their chance 
 of a niche in Paradise. They do not know, and 
 cannot appreciate, the difference between a great 
 classic in science and an elementary popular 
 primer on the same subject. A school atlas at 
 35. 6d. is more to be desired by such authorities 
 than a 6 or 10 guinea atlas by a great firm of 
 cartographers, because it is cheap, and keeps 
 down the average per volume stocked, to the 
 business-like limit of is. 6d. Their motto is 
 ' Better twenty " remainder " novels at is. 3^. 
 each, than one standard history or textbook 
 of science'. No doubt a great deal of this disre- 
 gard of the proper function of the public library 
 and the importance of careful book-selection, arises 
 from lack of competent advice. It is difficult in 
 small places for the local authority to attract a 
 duly qualified librarian, and they are forced, in 
 consequence, to rely upon the instinct and assur- 
 ance of a committee. In hundreds of cases their 
 confidence is not misplaced, because there are 
 men to be found on local boards who will cheer- 
 fully undertake any kind of duty, however special 
 or technical, from the planning of water-works
 
 The Small Municipal Library 73 
 
 and sewage-farms to the organization of electric 
 light stations and public libraries. Nothing comes 
 amiss to these cocksure local notables, and it is 
 only fair to say that, in most cases of abject failure, 
 it is the interference of zealous ignorance which 
 is the prime cause. Remembering, however, 
 that insufficient means is the chief reason why 
 small municipal libraries are unable to obtain the 
 services of trained officers, it may be profitable to 
 consider how this defect can be remedied. Two 
 solutions present themselves, and both are equally 
 sane and practical. A public library committee 
 about to commence operations, but unable to pay 
 for a skilled librarian, should communicate with 
 the Library Association, stating their case, and 
 asking that body to nominate a trained librarian 
 who, for an agreed fee, would act as adviser to the 
 library authority, and enable the work of organ- 
 ization to be accomplished on modern scientific 
 lines. In every case such a course would save 
 committees from all kinds of mistakes, and in the 
 end secure efficiency with economy. Failing this 
 highly common-sense method, the committee 
 might apply to the nearest large town library and 
 obtain the advice of the chief officer, with or with- 
 out fee, as may be arranged, or, perhaps, secure 
 the occasional services of a trained member of 
 the staff for a small fee. Any of these courses is 
 preferable to the uninstructed and frequently 
 mistaken work of raw committees, and the sug- 
 gestion is humbly offered that to adopt one of them 
 is even wiser and more economical than a blind
 
 74 The Small Municipal Library 
 
 dependence on the precepts of this little guide. 
 In any case, it is perfectly safe to assume that, 
 in the all-important work of book-selection, com- 
 munities would be duly warned against the folly 
 of buying the top-shelf books of the local book- 
 seller, or adding the rubbish which is donated by 
 generously-minded individuals eager to effect a 
 clearance of their own shelves by posing as public 
 benefactors. A considerable number of municipal 
 libraries have been formed in this way, and cases 
 are on record of committees going a-bookbuying, 
 and finding it quite an agreeable method of bestow- 
 ing patronage on worthy local tradesmen. In 
 one town, which shall be nameless, the library 
 committee drove round in a wagonette to the 
 various second-hand booksellers and bought books 
 wholesale, by the square yard, as it were. Having 
 viewed a few tiers of books in a general kind of 
 way, the question would be put, ' How much for 
 this lot ? ' and if the price seemed to fall within 
 the collective idea of moderation, and was thought 
 to be not too great a strain on the ' average ', then 
 the lot was promptly ordered. In this haphazard 
 way quite a large number of libraries are formed, 
 and so a locality is let in for dozens of duplicates, 
 faded sermons, unsuitable editions of all kinds, 
 school books, unbound magazines, and a wealth 
 of trash too miscellaneous for polite mention. 
 There is no exaggeration about this, as a cursory 
 examination of some of the older catalogues will 
 prove, and it is mentioned here as a strong reason 
 why new committees should seek expert guidance
 
 The Small Municipal Library 75 
 
 in book-selection and other technical matters, 
 before embarking on a course which is certain to 
 lead to the accumulation of lumber. It is easy 
 to obtain competent advice from a body like the 
 Library Association, which has its headquarters 
 in London, and in this way avoid the perpetration 
 of serious mistakes. In the headlong rush to 
 accumulate books, it is often overlooked that the 
 public library movement is intended to enable 
 ordinary citizens, not overburdened with wealth, 
 to obtain by means of general co-operation all kinds 
 of expensive books and aids to the business of life, 
 which otherwise could never be seen or consulted. 
 It is not the duty of a public library committee 
 to buy cheap textbooks at a shilling or sixpence 
 each, which any one interested can purchase for 
 himself, but rather to provide means of advanced 
 study and rational recreation which would not be 
 possible if every ratepayer attempted to run his 
 own British Museum. The same method of civic 
 co-operation which produces roads, drains, street- 
 lighting, parks, policemen, and other necessary 
 adjuncts of modern civilization, is that which also 
 enables libraries, museums, schools and art galleries 
 to be maintained, and provides a degree of demo- 
 cratic equality in the possession of these advantages 
 which could never be gained by the wealth of 
 individuals acting for themselves. 
 
 It would be impossible within the limits of this 
 work to discuss the many technicalities connected 
 with library buildings and fittings, especially as 
 this kind of information is already amply given
 
 j6 The Small Municipal Library 
 
 in the different works of Burgoyne, 1 , Champneys 2 
 and Brown 3 , but a word may be allowable on the 
 subject of the provision best suited to the needs 
 of comparatively small areas. The Carnegie gifts 
 for libraries have been responsible for a good deal 
 of overbuilding in various parts of the country, 
 and there is generally a temptation to erect much 
 larger institutions than the limited rate of id. in 
 the will adequately maintain even in cases where 
 no gifts are made. Wrong directions in which 
 money is often spent are the provision of museums, 
 art galleries, lecture rooms, separate rooms for 
 ladies and other departments, which in numerous 
 cases can neither be supported nor supervised. A 
 fair provision for a town with an income of 500 
 per annum would be a Reference Reading Room 
 and Library, a General Reading Room for maga- 
 zines, a Lending Library and a Children's Reading 
 Room and Library, with all necessary office, store 
 and staff accommodation. Even this limited 
 number of departments will tax the resources 
 of a small library to the utmost for adequate 
 staff, stock, periodicals and establishment charges. 
 Nevertheless, it is the most necessary accommoda- 
 tion required by all sections of the public. If any 
 cutting down is essential, it can be accomplished 
 by amalgamating the Reference and General 
 Reading Rooms, or separating them merely by 
 means of glazed screens, and so reducing the 
 
 1 Library Construction. Allen. 1897. 
 
 2 Public Libraries. Batsford. 1907. 
 
 3 Manual of Library Economy. 2nd edition. 1907.
 
 The Small Municipal Library 77 
 
 number of principal departments to three. Quite 
 a serviceable and convenient building can be 
 planned on these lines, to accommodate the neces- 
 sary books and readers in areas ranging in popula- 
 tion from 3,000 to 20,000 people. If Lecture 
 Rooms, Museums or Art Galleries are also pro- 
 vided in addition to the minimum institution 
 suggested, it should only be on the strict under- 
 standing that they were revenue-earning and 
 self-supporting departments. If not, then unless 
 some extraordinary source of income can be 
 tapped, such as endowments, the whole institution, 
 in each of its departments, will be crippled, and its 
 work rendered futile. Other directions in which 
 the smaller municipal libraries are very apt to 
 squander precious funds, and so deplete the meagre 
 book-fund, are in the adoption of expensive 
 mechanical methods which are quite out of place 
 in small areas ; the over-provision of newspapers ; 
 and the tendency to multiply departments of 
 activity lecture courses, elaborate catalogues, and 
 so on which cannot be efficiently supported. 
 Several small libraries have been crippled in their 
 public utility by an enthusiastic attempt to rival 
 richer and larger institutions, and the result in 
 such cases is an inevitable depreciation in the 
 interest and support of the people. With these 
 brief warnings, this chapter may fitly be concluded, 
 especially as some further consideration is given 
 to the subject in Chapter X, which deals with 
 Public Service and Rules.
 
 CHAPTER VII 
 
 CLASSIFICATION 
 
 HOWEVER small a library may be, it should have 
 its contents arranged according to a systematic 
 classification, assembling as nearly as possible in 
 one place all the books on one subject. The ad- 
 vantages of exact classification extend to every 
 department of a library's work, but to none more 
 than book-selection, shelf arrangement and cata- 
 loguing. It has been the custom in the past in a 
 majority of English municipal libraries not to 
 classify the books at all, but merely to arrange them 
 in six or ten broad divisions A. B.C., etc., and 
 number the books consecutively in each division 
 regardless of topic relationship. The effect of such 
 a plan is simply chaos, and no library so arranged 
 can give full effect to its stores of knowledge or 
 adequately serve its users. In recent years many 
 new and a few of the older large libraries have 
 adopted exact classification, and gradually all 
 others must fall into line. Many good schemes 
 have been devised for the close classification of 
 books on shelves and in catalogues, and each has 
 virtues and advantages of its own. It is manifest 
 
 70
 
 80 Classification 
 
 that the sum of human knowledge in all its depart- 
 ments and ramifications can be arranged in a 
 variety of ways, and that all kinds of methods of 
 classification can be devised to suit the basis 
 selected, be it supernatural, physical, ethnological, 
 philosophical, historical or other. It will be suffi- 
 cient for small libraries to start with a complete 
 scheme, fully indexed, which can be applied in a 
 short form, and afterwards expanded to infinity 
 if necessary. Such a scheme exists ready to 
 hand, in the Subject Classification / which was 
 specially compiled for the use of English libraries, 
 and from it is extracted the series of chief divisions, 
 into which most ordinary subjects can be approx- 
 imately placed. The full tables of this system 
 provide numbered places in logical order for every 
 subject of importance on which literature exists, 
 but it may be thought simpler for small libraries 
 to commence with the less-ambitious condensed 
 table, which provides places for a majority of the 
 subjects represented in books. By marking books 
 with the easy symbols provided, it is possible to 
 assemble in one place most of the books on any 
 particular subject. Thus all cookery books would 
 be marked Ig, and all books on Egypt 64. Books 
 on France would be numbered Ro, while everything 
 relating to the Bible would go at Ki. The effect 
 of thus marking a small collection of books would 
 be to assemble all relative main subjects together, 
 and enable any one to find by a simple number 
 where any special subject was kept, because 
 1 Library Supply Co. 1906. 155. net.
 
 Classification 81 
 
 the whole of the books would be arranged in the 
 alphabetical order of the main classes, plus the 
 numerical subdivisions. In a number of cases there 
 might be many books all marked the same ; thus, 
 six cookery books each by a different author : 
 
 Ig Alden. American Cook-book. 
 
 Ig Bowen. Menus for Daily Use. 
 
 Ig Garcia. The Chefs Companion. 
 
 Ig Miller. Common-sense Cookery. 
 
 Ig Watts. Comprehensive Dictionary of Cookery. 
 
 Ig Zedler. German Kitchen Recipes. 
 
 These would be arranged in alphabetical order 
 of authors' names, and a reader having found Ig 
 in its order, would have no difficulty in picking 
 out the particular author wanted. It is possible, 
 however, that some class, say Ro France, may 
 grow very rapidly, and it might not be convenient to 
 simply provide an author-alphabet, when per- 
 haps some of the books were historical, some 
 topographical, and so on. In these circumstances 
 use can be made of the Qualifying Table added 
 to the Classification Tables, by means of which 
 any topic can be further subdivided, and each 
 subdivision again arranged by authors' names. To 
 show this clearly, an alphabetical list of books on 
 France is here given, and immediately after it, 
 the same books more minutely arranged so as to 
 bring books in the same form together. 
 
 Ro FRANCE = AUTHOR ARRANGEMENT. 
 
 Ro Belloc. History of France. 
 
 Ro Bulwer. Parisian Sketches. 
 
 Ro Chapman. The Huguenots in France. 
 
 Ro Guizot. History of France. 
 
 Ro Kitchen. History of France. 
 S.L. G
 
 82 Classification 
 
 Ro Musgrave. Rambles in Normandy. 
 
 Ro Sharp. The Bourbons. 
 
 Ro White. Massacre of St. Bartholomew. 
 
 Ro Wood. Southern Seaboard of France. 
 
 Ro Wright. Enclyclopcedia of France. 
 
 Ro FRANCE = CLASS ARRANGEMENT. 
 
 Ro .2 Wright. Encyclopedia of France. 
 
 Ro . 9 Belloc. History of France. 
 
 Ro .9 Chapman. TAe Huguenots. 
 
 Ro .9 Guizot. History of France. 
 
 Ro .9 Kitchen. History of France. 
 
 Ro .9 Sharp. The Bourbons. 
 
 Ro .9 White. Massacre of St. Bartholomew. 
 
 Ro . 10 Bulwer. Parisian Sketches. 
 
 Ro . 10 Musgrave. Rambles in Normandy. 
 
 Ro . 10 Wood. Southern Seaboard of France. 
 
 By means of these additional form numbers, each 
 subject can be even more closely classified without 
 complicating the original symbol, or making the 
 notation too long or elaborate. Of course it is 
 perfectly competent for any small library to make 
 use of the full tables of the Subject Classification 
 in which case topics are shown in a much more 
 close and detailed union. France, for example, 
 would have its history divided into general and 
 special periods, places being provided for each 
 reign ; while a book like Musgrave's Normandy, 
 Ro .10 would become R230 .33, and thus be 
 clearly differentiated from Paris =R50O and 
 Mediterranean Provinces R335- 
 
 When all the books are marked according to 
 the table following, or the fully-indexed tables 
 of the complete Subject Classification, they are 
 arranged on the shelves in order of their alphabeti- 
 cal letters and numbers, and then in each division
 
 Classification 83 
 
 by authors' names. The library will then be in 
 classified order, all chief topics being in close prox- 
 imity to related subjects, and each main class 
 or subdivision capable of having insertions made 
 at any point. When a new book is received it is 
 only needful to give it the class letter and number 
 from the tables, and insert it in its author-alpha- 
 betical order among the other books on the same 
 subject. Certain classes of literature are most 
 conveniently kept in alphabetical order of authors' 
 names, and these are No Fiction, Ni Poetry, 
 N2 Drama and N$ Essays. In the full Subject 
 Classification, only the works of individual novelists 
 poets, etc., could be dealt with in this way, as 
 collective, historical and theoretical and other 
 works on these subjects must receive their own 
 special marks. Individual biography is another 
 class which lends itself best to alphabetical arrange- 
 ment, but in this case it is the subject, and not the 
 author who is selected for treatment. Smith's 
 Gladstone, Froude's Carlyle, etc., would arrange 
 at Gladstone and Carlyle, and not at Smith or 
 Froude. The effect of this is to bring all the lives 
 of one particular individual together. Biographies 
 of rulers or monarchs go with the history of the 
 country to which they belong. It is impossible 
 in a sketch such as this to deal more closely with 
 such a large and varied subject as classification, 
 and the following tables must be left to speak for 
 themselves. If the information given already in 
 this chapter should be found inadequate, reference 
 must be made to the fuller works on classification, 
 of which a brief list is given in the appendix.
 
 8 4 
 
 Classification 
 
 SUBJECT CLASSIFICATION. 
 
 Summary Table of Main Classes, with Abridged 
 Notation. 
 
 MAIN CLASSES. 
 
 A GENERALIA. 
 
 B-D PHYSICAL SCIENCE. 
 
 E-F BlOLOGICALSCIENCE. 
 
 G-H ETHNOLOGY, MEDI- 
 CINE. 
 
 I ECONOMIC BIOLOGY, 
 DOMESTIC ARTS. 
 
 J-K PHILOSOPHY AND 
 RELIGION. 
 
 A GENERALIA. 
 
 Ao Generalia. 
 
 A i Education. 
 
 A3 Logic. 
 
 A4 Mathematics. Arith- 
 metic. 
 
 A47 Bookkeeping. 
 
 A5 Geometry. 
 
 A6 Graphic Arts. Painting. 
 
 A/i Etching, Engraving.etc. 
 
 Aj5 Photography. 
 
 A79 Sculpture. 
 
 Ag General Science. 
 
 B.C.D PHYSICAL SCIENCE, 
 
 Bo Physics, Dynamics. 
 
 Bi Mechanical Engineer- 
 ing. 
 
 B2 Civil Engineering. 
 
 63 Architecture. Build- 
 ing. 
 
 BS Railways, Vehicles. 
 
 B6 Transport, Shipbuild- 
 ing, Navigation. 
 
 B8 Naval and Military 
 Science. 
 
 Co Electricity and Mag- 
 netism. 
 
 L SOCIAL AND POLITICAL 
 SCIENCE. 
 
 M LANGUAGE AND LIT- 
 ERATURE. 
 
 N LITERARY FORMS, FIC- 
 TION, POETRY. 
 
 O-W HISTORY AND GEO- 
 GRAPHY. 
 
 X BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Ci Optics. 
 
 C2 Heat. 
 
 C3 Acoustics. 
 
 C4 Music. 
 
 Csi Choirs and Voices. 
 
 C53 Oratorios. 
 
 C54 Cantatas. 
 
 Css Sacred Music. 
 
 C59 Songs and Ballads. 
 
 C6 Instrumental Music. 
 
 C/6 Orchestra. 
 
 C78 Dramatic Music, 
 
 Operas. 
 
 C8 Astronomy. 
 
 Do Physiography. 
 
 D I Hydrography, Hydro- 
 statics. 
 
 D2 Meteorology, Pneuma 
 tics. 
 
 D3 Geology, Petrology. 
 
 D4 Crystallography, Min- 
 eralogy. 
 
 D6 Metallurgy, Mining. 
 
 07 Chemistry. 
 
 Dp Chemical Technology, 
 (Gas, Pottery, Glass, 
 etc.).
 
 Classification 
 
 E,F BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE. 
 
 Eo Biology. 
 Eop Palaeontology. 
 
 Ei Botany. 
 
 E2 Cryptogams. 
 
 3 Phanerogams (Flower- 
 ing Plants). 
 
 Fo Zoology. 
 
 Fi Metazoa. 
 
 F2 Mollusca. 
 
 F3 Insects. 
 
 F4 Fishes. 
 
 F5 Reptiles. 
 
 F6 Birds. 
 
 Fj Mammalia. 
 
 G, H ETHNOLOGY AND 
 MEDICINE. 
 
 Go Ethnology. 
 
 G2 Human Anatomy and 
 Physiology. 
 
 G3 Pathology. 
 
 G4 Materia Medica. 
 
 GS Therapeutics. 
 
 G6 Functions, Organs, Os- 
 teology. 
 
 G7 Nervous System. 
 
 G8 Sensory System. 
 
 Gg Respiratory System. 
 
 Ho Blood and Circulation. 
 
 Hi Digestive System. 
 
 H2 Urinary System. 
 
 H3 Reproductive System. 
 
 H4 Skin and Hair. 
 
 H5 Parasitical and Infec- 
 tious Diseases. 
 
 H6 Ambulance, Hospitals, 
 Hygiene. 
 
 H7 Physical Training and 
 Exercises. 
 
 H8 Field Sports. 
 
 H9 Recreative Arts (In- 
 door Games, Dancing). 
 
 I ECONOMIC BIOLOGY, 
 DOMESTIC ARTS. 
 
 10 Agriculture, Dairy 
 
 Farming. 
 
 1 1 Veterinary Medicine. 
 
 1 2 Milling. 
 122 Gardening. 
 125 Forestry. 
 
 13 Wood-working. 
 
 14 Textile Manufactures. 
 
 15 Clothing Trades, 
 
 16 Costume. Jewellery. 
 Ij Vegetable and Animal 
 
 Products. 
 
 18 Foods and Beverages. 
 
 Ig Gastronomy. Domes- 
 tic Economy. 
 
 J, K PHILOSOPHY AND 
 RELIGION. 
 
 Jo Metaphysics. 
 
 Ji ^Esthetics, Psychology. 
 
 J2 Ethics. 
 
 J3 Philosophy. 
 
 J4 Theology. 
 
 J5 Mythology, Folk Lore. 
 
 J6 Church Doctrine. 
 
 J8 Church Government. 
 
 Ko Non-ChristianChurches 
 
 Ki Christian Churches. 
 
 Kn Bible. 
 
 K3 Christology. 
 
 K4 Early and Eastern 
 Christian Churches. 
 
 KS Monachism. 
 
 K6 Roman Catholicism. 
 
 K7 Protestantism. Epis- 
 copacy. 
 
 K8 Nonconformity 
 
 Kg Presbyterian and other 
 Churches. 
 
 L SOCIAL AND POLITICAL 
 
 SCIENCE. 
 Lo SocialScience. Customs.
 
 Classification 
 
 Li Political Economy. 
 
 L2 Government. 
 
 L3 Central and Local Ad- 
 ministration. 
 
 L4 Law. 
 
 L6 Criminology. Penology. 
 
 L7 Contracts. Property. 
 
 L8 Commerce and Trade. 
 
 Lp Finance. 
 
 M LANGUAGE AND 
 
 LITERATURE. 
 Mo Language, General. 
 Mi Literature 
 M2 African Languages and 
 
 Literature. 
 M3 Asiatic Languages and 
 
 Literature. 
 M4 Malayan - Polynesian 
 
 Lang, and Lit. 
 M5 European (Latin, etc.) 
 
 Lang, and Lit. 
 M6 European (Teutonic). 
 
 American. Lang. etc. 
 M/ Palaeography. Biblio- 
 graphy. 
 
 M8 Printing, Bookbinding 
 Mg Library Economy. 
 
 N LITERARY FORMS. 
 No Fiction. 
 Ni Poetry. 
 N2 Drama. 
 N3 Essays and Miscellanea. 
 
 O-W HISTORY AND GEO- 
 GRAPHY. 
 
 00 Universal History. 
 
 01 Archaeology. 
 
 02 Universal Geography. 
 
 03 Africa. 
 
 04 Egypt. 
 
 05 East Africa. 
 
 06 Central Africa. 
 
 O/ South Africa. 
 
 08 West Africa. 
 
 09 African Islands. 
 
 P OCEANIA AND ASIA. 
 Po Oceania and Austra- 
 lasia. 
 
 Po2 Australia. 
 Po8 New Zealand. 
 Pi Polynesia. 
 P2 Malaysia. 
 P29 Asia. 
 P3 Japan. 
 ?38 Korea. 
 ?4 China. 
 PS Farther India. 
 PS 2 Siam. 
 
 PS 3 Straits Settlements. 
 PS 5 FederatedMalayStates . 
 P6 India. 
 P87 Ceylon. 
 P88 Afghanistan. 
 ?9 Persia. 
 
 Q, R EUROPE (SOUTH, 
 
 LATIN, ETC.). 
 Qo Europe, General. 
 Qi Turkish Empire. 
 Cj2 Palestine, Arabia. 
 Cj3 Greece. 
 Cj4 Balkan States. 
 QS Italy. 
 Ro France. 
 R6 Spain. 
 R8 Portugal. 
 
 S, T EUROPE (NORTH, 
 TEUTONIC, SLAVONIC). 
 
 So Russia. 
 
 Sis Poland. 
 
 825 Siberia. 
 
 83 Austria. 
 834 Bohemia. 
 
 84 Hungary. 
 
 85 Switzerland.
 
 Classification 
 
 S6 Germany. 
 
 S6i Holy Roman Empire. 
 
 To Netherlands. 
 
 Ti Holland. 
 
 T2 Belgium. 
 
 T4 Scandinavia. 
 
 TS Denmark. 
 
 T6 Norway. 
 
 T8 Sweden. 
 
 U, V BRITISH ISLANDS. 
 Uo Ireland. 
 U2 Wales. 
 U3 England. 
 Vo Scotland. 
 V5 United Kingdom. 
 7 British Empire. 
 
 W AMERICA. 
 Wo America, General. 
 Wo2Canada. 
 
 Wi United States. 
 
 W5 Mexico. 
 
 W6 Central America. 
 
 W6j West Indies. 
 
 W/ South America. 
 
 W7i Venezuela. 
 
 W/2 Brazil. 
 
 W7S Ecuador. 
 
 W76 Peru. 
 
 W77 Bolivia. 
 
 W78 Paraguay. 
 
 W8 Argentina. 
 
 W83 Chile. 
 
 WQ Polar Regions. 
 
 X BIOGRAPHY. 
 Xo Collective and Class, 
 
 Heraldry. 
 X2 Portraits. 
 X3 Individual Biography. 
 
 QUALIFYING TABLES. 
 
 .o Generalia. 
 
 .1 Bibliography. 
 
 .2 Encyclopaedias. 
 
 .3 Textbooks, System- 
 atic. 
 
 .4 Popular. 
 
 .5 Philosophy and 
 Theories. 
 
 .6 Societies. 
 
 .7 Periodicals, Annuals. 
 
 .8 Collections. 
 
 .9 History. 
 
 .10 Geography, Descrip- 
 tion. 
 
 . 1 1 Biography. 
 
 .12 Exhibitions, Museums. 
 
 .13 Prints, Pictures. 
 
 .14 Recipes. 
 
 .15 Patents, Inventions. 
 
 .16 Education. 
 
 . 1 7 Classification . 
 
 .18 Statistics. 
 
 .19 Accounts. 
 
 .20 Estimates. 
 
 .21 Fine Arts. 
 
 .22 Decoration. 
 
 .23 Science. 
 
 .24 Machinery, Tools. 
 
 .25 Buildings. 
 
 .26 Music. 
 
 .27 Physics. 
 
 .28 Geology. 
 
 .29 Chemistry. 
 
 .30 Evolution. 
 
 .31 Biology. 
 
 .32 Botany. 
 
 .33 Zoology. 
 
 .34 Physiology. 
 
 .35 Anatomy. 
 
 .36 Pathology. 
 
 .37 Ethnology. 
 
 .38 Agriculture. 
 
 .39 Manufacture. 
 
 .40 Costume.
 
 88 
 
 Classification 
 
 .41 Fisheries. 
 
 .42 Metaphysics. 
 
 .43 ^Esthetics. 
 
 .44 Ethics. 
 
 .45 Religion. 
 
 .46 Mythology, Folk Lore. 
 
 .47 Sacred Books. 
 
 .48 Ritual. 
 
 .49 Liturgies. 
 
 .50 Ecclesiology. 
 
 .51 Customs. 
 
 .52 Population. 
 
 . 5 3 Organization. 
 
 .54 Administration. 
 
 .55 Government. 
 
 .56 Law. 
 
 .57 Commerce. 
 
 .58 Taxation. 
 
 .59 Economics. 
 
 .60 Language. 
 
 .61 Literature. 
 
 .62 Criticism. 
 
 .63 Libraries. 
 
 .64 Fiction. 
 
 .65 Poetry. 
 
 .66 Drama. 
 
 .67 Anthologies. 
 
 .68 Essays. 
 
 .69 Ana. 
 
 .70 Quotations. 
 
 .71 Renaissance. 
 
 .72 Reformation. 
 
 .73 North. 
 
 .74 East. 
 
 .75 South. 
 
 .76 West. 
 
 .77 Towns.
 
 CHAPTER VIII 
 
 CATALOGUING 
 
 A CATALOGUE should be as nearly as possible an 
 index to the classification of the Library. It may 
 be compiled on various methods, but nowadays 
 only three forms are generally used ; the Dictionary, 
 or alphabet of authors, titles, subjects, forms, etc., 
 in one sequence ; the Classed, in the order of the 
 classification, with brief-entry indexes of topics, 
 authors and titles ; and Author catalogue plus 
 subject indexes in separates sequences. The 
 Dictionary catalogue is the most common form, and 
 rules for its compilation are more numerous than 
 for any other kind. A very complete code is 
 that- v of Mr. C. A. Cutter, an American who did 
 much original and influential work for librarian- 
 ship. Another work chiefly on dictionary cata- 
 loguing is the Manual of Cataloguing by Mr. 
 J. H. Quinn. Codes of rules applicable to all 
 varieties of catalogue have been published by the 
 British Museum, the Bodleian Library, the 
 Library Association, the American Library 
 Association, etc., and a joint-code by the two last- 
 named bodies is in preparation. Most codes for 
 
 89
 
 go Cataloguing 
 
 cataloguing err on the side of allowing too many 
 exceptions and alternatives to the general principle 
 of particular rules, and this weakness is discussed 
 in the Manual of Practical Bibliography, pp 47-57, 
 by the present writer. Rules for promoting uni- 
 formity of method should not permit of exceptions 
 of any kind, and the person applying them should 
 not be allowed discretionary power to catalogue a 
 book under a heading which strikes him as being 
 preferable to some other form which is also allowed 
 by the code. Such a rule as that which enjoins 
 the use of an author's best-known name is simply 
 ridiculous when critically examined. The rules 
 attached to this chapter are just as necessary for 
 small as for large libraries, and they have the 
 advantage of being brief, compact and rigid. They 
 also claim to be based upon the reasonable and 
 natural principle of regarding family or blood names 
 as the most accurate and proper for cataloguing 
 purposes, especially as they agree with the headings 
 used in most good biographical dictionaries. One 
 of the most surprising anomalies in connexion with 
 library cataloguing is the persistency with which 
 certain librarians cling to the plan of entering living 
 authors under pseudonyms, while ignoring entirely 
 those of older writers. Although it is notorious 
 that Mark Twain is the pseudonym of Samuel 
 L. Clemens, and that baptismal name is printed 
 on all his recent title-pages, there are hundreds of 
 cataloguers who insist upon using Twain as the 
 chief entry, instead of Clemens, with a bare refer- 
 ence from Twain. Yet these same gentlemen will
 
 Cataloguing Qi 
 
 spend hours getting behind some title-page which 
 effectually disguises the subject of a book. For 
 example, an author desires his book to be known 
 as Mental Gymnastics, so that the cataloguer 
 who swears by the title-page would have no 
 option but to enter it at ' Gymnastics ' as a topic, 
 and ' Mental ' as a title-entry. Instead of this, 
 he spends considerable time in finding out what 
 the book is really about, and when, finally, he 
 discovers that it is a criticism of the Bacon- 
 Shakespeare controversy, deliberately departs from 
 his title-page standard by entering it at ' Shake- 
 speare ', with a cross reference from ' Bacon ' ! The 
 question remains, therefore, if it is necessary to 
 go behind the declaration of a title-page for sub- 
 jects, why is it not equally necessary to penetrate 
 ah 1 the disguises, and catalogue the author properly 
 as well as his subject ? If the answer is that 
 people know the author best by his assumed name, 
 it is then just as logical to assume that they know 
 his subject best by the misleading title used, and 
 uniformly and consistently use only the informa- 
 tion given by the title-page. By using the follow- 
 ing Rules strictly, very little confusion will result, 
 although some additional labour will have to be 
 taken with the compilation. Readers very soon 
 grasp the idea of real names and quickly learn 
 to look for them only ; while the cross reference 
 from the pseudonym or other form of name to the 
 real one is so simple that it need trouble nobody.
 
 92 Cataloguing 
 
 RULES FOR THE COMPILATION OF 
 CATALOGUES. 
 
 AUTHORSHIP. 
 
 1. Surnames. Enter under the surnames of 
 
 the authors when stated in the books or 
 otherwise ascertained. In all cases, save 
 where varied in the rules followiag, such 
 surnames are to be the birth-names of the 
 authors, in their vernacular forms. Cross 
 references are to be made in every case 
 from uncommon to common forms of 
 names. 
 
 Surnames in English beginning with a 
 prefix (D', De, Du, Le, La, Von, Van, etc.) 
 are to be entered under such prefix. In 
 other languages the prefixes must be 
 ignored, save the French La, Le, Des and 
 Du, which must be used, e.g. : La Fon- 
 taine, not Fontaine, La. The word follow- 
 ing the prefix must be used, e.g. : Beeth- 
 oven, Ludwig van, not van Beethoven. 
 
 2. Christian or Forenames. Enter Christian 
 
 names after the surnames and distinguish 
 them by placing them between parentheses, 
 thus 
 
 Smith (William J.). 
 
 In cases where an author is known only by 
 a second forename, as 
 
 William BLANCHARD Jerrold, 
 
 Henry AUSTIN Dobson,
 
 Cata loguing 93 
 
 write out in full as above ; but pick out 
 the known name in different type, or under- 
 line it ; and in cases where there are a 
 number of authors of the same name, 
 arrange by the known and ignore the dis- 
 used forename. Only write out in full the 
 first forename, unless it is a disused one, 
 e.g. 
 
 Smith (Thomas J. W. T.). 
 
 3. Distinctions and Titles. Ignore designations 
 
 like Reverend, Doctor, M.A., LL.D., Pro- 
 fessor, Miss, etc., save when required by 
 Rule 4, but note titles or offices which will 
 serve to distinguish an author and indicate 
 his status or authority, e.g. 
 
 Stanley (Arthur P.) Dean. 
 
 Keppel (Sir Henry) Admiral. 
 
 Macdonald (Sir Hector) General. 
 
 Stubbs (William) Bishop. 
 
 Jessel (Sir George) Master of the Rolls. 
 
 4. Biographical Dates. Use birth and death 
 
 dates, or other period dates, to distinguish 
 authors of the same name, e.g. 
 Smith (William) 1810-1870. 
 
 (William) 1815-1861. 
 
 (William) 1819-1890. 
 
 In cases where such means of identifica- 
 tion are not available, use their professions 
 or other distinctions, as in Rule 3. 
 5. Royal and other Dignitaries. Monarchs, 
 Popes, and Princes generally, are to be 
 entered at their ruling names in their ver-
 
 94 Cataloguing 
 
 nacular forms, with references from other 
 forms, and from family names, e.g. 
 
 Charles II of Britain. 
 
 Stuart. See Charles II. 
 
 Gregory VII, Pope. 
 
 Hildebrand. See Gregory VII. 
 
 6. Noblemen. Enter all noblemen under their 
 
 birth or family names, with references 
 from their titles, e.g. 
 
 St. John (Henry), Viscount Bolingbroke. 
 
 Bolingbroke (Viscount). See St. John 
 (Henry). 
 
 Lubbock (Sir John), Baron Avebury. 
 
 Avebury (Baron). See Lubbock( Sir John). 
 
 7. Ecclesiastical Personages. Archbishops, 
 
 Bishops, Cardinals, Patriarchs, etc., are 
 to be entered under their family names 
 where known, with references from titles, 
 e.g. 
 
 Magee (William C.) Archbishop. 
 
 York, Archbishop of. See Magee, etc. 
 
 Ebor, William. See Magee (William C.). 
 
 Saints are to be entered under the fore- 
 names by which they were canonized, e.g. 
 
 Paul, Saint, not Saint Paul, 
 with references from family names if con- 
 sidered sufficiently important. 
 
 Friars, Abbots, Monkish chroniclers, etc., 
 are to be entered under their forenames, 
 e.g. 
 
 Florence of Worcester, not Worcester, 
 Florence of.
 
 Cataloguing 95 
 
 William of Malmesbury, not Malmesbury, 
 
 William of. 
 
 References to be given from local to per- 
 sonal names. 
 
 Compound Names. All compound names, 
 English, European and Oriental, to be 
 entered under the first word, with refer- 
 ences from the second or other words, e.g. 
 Baring-Gould (Sabine). 
 Gould (Sabine Baring-). See Baring- 
 Gould. 
 
 Watts-Dunton (Theodore). 
 Dunton (Theodore Watts-). See Watts- 
 Dunton. 
 
 The only exception to this rule is when the 
 first name is ascertained not to be the birth 
 or family name, in which case Rule i must 
 be observed. 
 
 Changed Names. Married women are to be 
 entered under their birth or maiden names, 
 unless they have consistently used their 
 married names on their title-pages, e.g. 
 Wood (Mrs. Henry) Ellen Price, 
 Oliphant (Margaret) M. Wilson, 
 but 
 Braddon (Mary E.), not Maxwell (Mrs. 
 
 John). 
 
 Worboise (Emma J.), not Guy ton (Mrs. E.). 
 Hamilton (Margaret), not Mrs. Argles or 
 
 Mrs. Hunger ford. 
 
 Palmer (Henrietta E. V.), not Mrs. Stan- 
 nard or John Strange^Winter.
 
 96 Cataloguing 
 
 In all cases the married name or names 
 should be added thus 
 
 Palmer (Henrietta E. V.) Mrs. Stannard, 
 John Strange Winter ; and the neces- 
 sary cross references should be made. 
 
 10. Joint- Authorship. Enter under the first 
 
 name mentioned on the title-page and 
 make references from the others, e.g. 
 
 Beaumont (Francis) and John Fletcher. 
 
 Fletcher (John) See Beaumont (Francis). 
 The works of two or more authors published 
 together should be treated as if issued 
 separately, e.g. 
 
 Poetical works of Goldsmith, Gray and 
 
 Falconer 
 catalogue as 
 
 Goldsmith (Oliver) Poetical works. 
 
 Gray (Thomas) Poetical works. 
 
 Falconer (William) Poetical works. 
 But make also a collective entry thus, if 
 thought desirable 
 
 Goldsmith (0.), Thos. Gray and W. Fal- 
 coner. Poetical works. 
 
 11. Editors, Translators, Commentators. The 
 
 names of editors and translators of the 
 works of other authors are to be entered 
 as part of the title of such works, with cross 
 references, e.g. 
 
 Burns (Robert) Life and works. Edited 
 by Robert Chambers, revised by Wil- 
 liam Wallace. 
 Chambers (Robert). See Burns (Robert).
 
 Cataloguing 97 
 
 Wallace (William). See Burns (Robert). 
 Editors or translators of collections or 
 anthologies, or any work not definitely 
 assigned to a particular author, are to be 
 treated as the authors, e.g. 
 
 Oxenford (John) trans. The Illustrated 
 book of French songs. 
 
 Johnston (Peter) ed. The Charters of 
 
 Kelross Abbey. 
 
 Commentators are to be treated as original 
 authors, but a full entry must also be made 
 under the name of the author, work or sub- 
 ject commented upon. 
 
 12. Pseudonyms. In conformity with Rule I, 
 the real names of authors who adopt pseu- 
 donyms must be used, with cross references 
 from the assumed or pseudonymous names, 
 e.g. 
 
 Wilson (John) Christopher North. The 
 Isle of Palms. 
 
 North (Christopher) See Wilson (John) 
 Initials, marks or symbols, and phrases, 
 are to form part of the title, and be treated 
 as anonyma e.g. 
 
 Considerations on the late war, by G. W. 
 
 Poems, by XXX 
 
 Reflections on life, by One who has toiled 
 
 at the bench. 
 
 Where such initials, marks or phrases, have 
 been identified with real names, such real 
 names, must, of course, be used. Cross 
 references may be used in all cases, if 
 S.L. H
 
 98 Cataloguing 
 
 thought necessary, between initials, etc., 
 and titles or real names if ascertained. 
 
 13. Anonyma. Anonymous works are to be 
 
 entered under the first word, not an article, 
 with which the title-page begins, save 
 when the authorship is ascertained, in 
 which case Rule i applies. In such a case 
 the abbreviation anon. = anonymous, may be 
 used immediately after the title, e.g. 
 Smith (John P.) Essay on music. Anon. 
 
 14. Governmental, Society, Academic and other 
 
 Institutional Authorships. The main en- 
 tries of such publications should be placed 
 under the subject-matter of the report or 
 document, with brief cross references from 
 titles of institutions, towns where situated, 
 and reporters or authors. 
 
 The titles of such institutions will be 
 entered as provided by Rule 13. At the 
 subject-heading chosen, the works will be 
 entered under the title of the institution, 
 e.g. 
 
 Education. United States. Report of 
 the Commissioner of Education. 
 
 Football. Rules of the Hornsey Foot- 
 ball Club. 
 
 Mining. Home Office. Reports of H.M. 
 Inspector of Mines. 
 
 15. Periodicals and Ephemera. Treat the same 
 
 as Anonyma, Rule 13, but make cross refer- 
 ences from places of publication, if thought 
 desirable, and enter under subjects.
 
 Cataloguing 99 
 
 TITLES AND COLOPHONS. 
 
 16. Title-pages are to be transcribed exactly as 
 they stand, save that foreign characters 
 may be transliterated, subject to such 
 omissions or additions as may be advisable. 
 Capital letters should only be used after 
 the initial article, if there is one, for first 
 words, and for proper or subject names, 
 e.g. 
 
 The Wonderful adventures of Tom, 
 Dick and Harry in quest of Light ; 
 or 
 
 News from Nowhere ; 
 or 
 
 Elementary Physics, with a chapter on 
 
 Astronomy. 
 
 Omitted matter, which should only con- 
 sist of mottoes, redundancies, and words 
 not necessary to a clear understanding of 
 the title, should be indicated by three dots 
 ... in a group. 
 
 Added matter should be placed within 
 square brackets, and should consist of such 
 explanatory matters as dates covered by a 
 history ; translations of foreign titles ; the 
 original titles of foreign works which have 
 been translated ; dates of publication ; 
 authors' names, etc., e.g. 
 
 A Little tour in France [1882]. 
 
 Hugo (Victor). By Order of the king 
 [L'Homme qui lit].
 
 ioo Cataloguing 
 
 17. Editions. Enter the number of an edition 
 
 when stated on the title-page or otherwise 
 ascertained. Note also if the copy of the 
 edition is on large paper, l.p. ; privately 
 printed, p.p. ; a limited edition, in which 
 case give the number of the copy, I.e. 56 ; 
 and if printed on vellum, vel., silk or other 
 material, e.g. 
 
 Thomson (James). The Seasons. iQth 
 ed., on vel., I.e. 36. 
 
 18. Place of Publication. Enter the place of 
 
 publication in its vernacular form and 
 supply the English name in brackets, e.g. 
 
 Wien [Vienna]. Torino [Turin]. 
 
 Omit London, as it occurs so frequently, 
 and let the absence of a place of publica- 
 tion be understood to mean London, unless 
 there is actually no indication of a place, 
 in which case use the abbreviation n.p. = 
 no place of publication. 
 
 19. Date of Publication. Enter the year of pub- 
 
 lication in Arabic numerals, as given on 
 the title-page, but add within brackets the 
 real date if ascertained to be different, e.g. 
 1905 [1904]. 
 
 In a series of volumes give the first and 
 last dates, e.g. 1835-64. When no date 
 is given either on the title-page or else- 
 where in the book, add an approximate date 
 within square brackets after the letters 
 n.d. =no date, e.g. n.d. [1820]. Such 
 approximate dates can generally be ascer-
 
 Cataloguing 101 
 
 tained from prefaces, allusions in the text, 
 the style of the book, its printer or 
 publisher, or from bibliographies. Chrono- 
 grams may be given in full in very rare 
 books, but otherwise they should be trans- 
 lated into Arabic figures. 
 
 20. Imprint. In rare books, when desirable, give 
 full transcripts of colophons ; note printers' 
 marks ; give publishers' names when they 
 differ from the printer ; and note books 
 issued from private presses, like the Kelm- 
 scott Press. 
 
 DESCRIPTION AND COLLATION. 
 
 21. Volumes. State the number of volumes if 
 
 more than one, e.g. 2 v. 
 
 22. Sizes. Indicate the sizes of books in inches 
 
 or centimetres, measuring the title-page 
 and not the binding. If thought desirable, 
 the symbols fo. ( = folio), 4 (= quarto), 
 8 (= octavo), 12 ( = duodecimo), etc., 
 may be used as well, as a rough guide to 
 sizes, e.g. fo. 18, 4, 10 x 8, etc. For 
 ordinary catalogue purposes it is not neces- 
 sary to indicate any sizes save folios and 
 quartos, and in such cases the letters F 
 and Q can be used. Watermarks can 
 be ignored, save in very old unpaged 
 books, when a note of their order can be 
 made. 
 
 23. Pagination. Indicate the number of pages
 
 IO2 Cataloguing 
 
 in one- volume books only, by giving the 
 full number in Arabic numerals (counting 
 the verso of the last leaf if blank), and dis- 
 tinguishing preliminary matter when separ- 
 ately paged by means of Roman numerals, 
 e.g. pp. xl. + 630. 
 
 24. Signatures. In old unpaged books, note the 
 
 progression of signatures, or failing them, 
 check the catchwords, and give the total 
 number of leaves or pages, e.g. Sig. A-L 
 90 pp., or simply pp. 105. Imperfections 
 should be noted as ' Wants pp. 61-68,' 
 ' Preface missing,' ' Title-page missing,' and 
 so on. 
 
 25. Series. When a book belongs to a series, 
 
 whether stated on the title, binding or 
 elsewhere, it should be noted in italics, 
 thus 
 
 Hadden (J. C.) Chopin. 1903 8 
 pp. xii + 248 Master Musicians. 
 
 26. Alphabetical Order of Catalogues. In arrang- 
 
 ing an alphabetical catalogue adopt the 
 same progression as is found in dictionaries 
 of language, geography, etc. That is, 
 arrange letter by letter, including second 
 words. For example, do not make two 
 sequences of alphabetical order by ignor- 
 ing second or compound words in this 
 manner 
 
 New Brunswick, 
 
 Caledonia, 
 
 Guinea,
 
 Cataloguing 103 
 
 New Orleans, 
 
 Testament, 
 
 York, 
 Newbury, 
 Newcastle, 
 Newfoundland, 
 Newington, 
 Newry, 
 
 but arrange exactly as the names spell out, 
 thus 
 
 New Brunswick, 
 
 Newbury, 
 
 New Caledonia, 
 
 Newcastle, 
 
 Newfoundland, 
 
 New Guinea, 
 
 Newington, 
 
 New Orleans, 
 
 Newry, 
 
 New Testament, 
 
 New York. 
 
 27. Classified Catalogues. Make author entries 
 on slips as shown at end of rule No. 28, and 
 head them with the class mark. A brief 
 author and topic index can then be made 
 on slips, as follows 
 
 Foreman (J.) Philippine Islands P27O.IO 
 Philippine Islands P27O.IO 
 
 This index can be printed in one sequence 
 of alphabet, or kept separate as ' Author ' 
 and ' subject ' Indexes. In some libraries 
 it is the practice to keep such indexes to
 
 104 Cataloguing 
 
 the classification in manuscript form in 
 sheafs or cards. 
 
 28. Supplemental Information. Note the follow- 
 ing particulars of publication in the order 
 and, if thought desirable, in the abbrevi- 
 ated forms here set down, and also on 
 p. iii 
 
 Illustrations = ill., col. ill. 1 
 
 Portraits = port, or ports. 1 
 
 Maps = maps l 
 
 Plans = plans z 
 
 Facsimilies = fac. 2 
 
 Diagrams = dia. 
 
 Tables = tab. 
 
 Genealogies = gen. 
 
 Music = mus. 
 
 Memoir = mem. 
 
 Glossary = glo. 
 
 Bibliography = bib. 
 
 ORDER OF ENTRIES 
 
 Author. 
 
 Title. 
 
 Edition. 
 
 Place of Publication. 
 
 Date of Publication. 
 
 Imprint particulars, for old and rare books only. 
 
 1 Note imperfections if any. Text illustrations to be 
 noted. This includes note of celebrated illustrator, as 
 *'//. by G. Cruikshank. 
 
 * Text illustrations to be noted.
 
 Cataloguing 105 
 
 No. of Volumes, v. 
 
 Size. F. Q. or fo. 4. 
 
 Pages. (Signatures of old books to be noted.) 
 
 Series. 
 
 Illustrations = i., ill., or col. ill. 
 
 Portraits = port., or ports. 
 
 Maps = ma., maps 
 
 Plans = pi., plans 
 
 Facsimiles = /., fac. 
 
 Diagrams = d., dia. 
 
 Tables = t., tab. 
 
 Genealogical Charts = ge., gen. 
 
 Music = mu., mus. 
 
 Memoir = m.,' mem. 
 
 Glossary = gl., glo. 
 
 Bibliography = b., bib. 
 
 Additional marks for special books Bindings, 
 super-libros ; Autographs of great owners, 
 book-plates ; Reference to printed biblio- 
 graphical description in other works, e.g. 
 Brunet, Hain, Proctor, etc. ; Typography. 
 
 Annotation, with analytical or set-out entries, 
 to be included as notes after the title 
 and the particulars as a smaller type note. 
 Class or call numbers to be written at top 
 of slip. 
 
 In cataloguing, use ruled slips of paper 
 5 by 3 inches, and make a separate entry for 
 every book (not volume), beginning with 
 the author's surname in the top left-hand 
 corner as shown in samples below
 
 io6 Cataloguing 
 
 Foreman (John). The Philippine Islands : 
 a political, ethnographical, social, and 
 commercial history of the Philippine 
 Archipelago, embracing the whole 
 period of Spanish rule . . . 2nd ed. 
 London : 1906. 2 v. 4 ills., maps, bib. 
 Add number or press mark. 
 
 The same slip is used for a classified catalogue, 
 save that it receives the subject mark at the 
 top, thus 
 
 P. 270.10. 
 Foreman (John). The Philippine Islands, etc. 
 
 Example of the same slip with an annotation 
 
 Foreman (John). The Philippine Islands : 
 a political, ethnographical, social, and 
 commercial history of the Philippine 
 Archipelago : embracing the whole 
 period of Spanish rule. 2nd ed. London : 
 1906. 2 v. 4, illus., maps, bib. 
 
 P 270.10 
 
 The latter portion of the work deals with the War 
 of Independence, the career and personality of 
 Aguinaldo, the insurgent leader, the American 
 Government, religious difficulties, trade and agricul- 
 ture since the American advent, the coming ' Philip- 
 pine Assembly ', and labour, education, and other 
 questions. 
 
 The two principal forms of manuscript catalogue 
 now used are the ' Card' and ' Sheaf systems, both
 
 Cataloguing 107 
 
 of which have points of their own. The card sys- 
 tem is a series of catalogue entries on single cards, 
 which are stored on their edges in drawers or 
 trays, and kept in order by various mechanical 
 devices, such as rods, blocks, guides, etc. Addi- 
 tions can be made at any point, and the catalogue 
 can be extended indefinitely on the principle of 
 vertical expansion. The drawers or trays are 
 usually kept in cabinets, and with complete sets 
 of alphabetical or other guides, usually cost about 
 2os. per 1,000 entries. The sheaf system is a 
 catalogue in book form, with single leaves capable 
 of being moved about as required by means of 
 adjustable screw bindings and other devices. 
 These sheaves are usually placed on a shelf, and 
 as each comprises a small division of the alphabet 
 or classification as the case may be, they are 
 easily handled, and hold considerably more than 
 a card catalogue, because both sides of the leaves 
 can be used, and the leaves are much larger than 
 the cards. The cost varies from about 8s. 6d. 
 to los. 6d. per 1,000 entries according to the size. 
 For small libraries the sheaf system is probably 
 the most suitable, both on account of its compara- 
 tive cheapness and the ease with which the public 
 can use it. It is also by far the best form for 
 private libraries, and as it possesses unlimited 
 powers of expansion, it is a library machine of 
 great importance and utility. It is estimated 
 that card catalogues cost about id. per 4 entries, 
 while sheaf catalogues cost id. for 12 entries, or 
 if both sides of the slips are used, id. for 24 entries.
 
 CHAPTER IX 
 
 BOOK SELECTION 
 
 THE remarks and suggestions already made on 
 the subject of book-selection throughout this little 
 work render further comment on the theoretical 
 side of the question unnecessary. What will be 
 attempted in this chapter will take the form of a 
 few practical hints, and a series of suggestions in 
 class order of books which may be considered 
 eminently desirable as the foundation stock of a 
 small municipal library. For reasons of space 
 and utility, it is not considered wise to give titles 
 in the case of a large number of works suggested, 
 because any one directed to a subject and an 
 author associated with it can generally contrive 
 to discover who and what is meant. Thus, if the 
 works of Brown, Jones and Robinson are recom- 
 mended as representative in the subject of costume, 
 there will be little trouble in finding out who is 
 meant, by reference to full catalogues or biblio- 
 graphies. So with pure literature. It is not 
 necessary to do more than specify the names of 
 Scott, Dickens, Thackeray, Hugo or Dumas in 
 fiction. It will be understood that sets of the 
 
 109
 
 no Book Selection 
 
 works of these novelists are indicated. So with 
 poets and essayists. It is desirable, but not always 
 possible, to provide the principal texts of Greek, 
 Latin, French and German classics, but for econo- 
 mical and other reasons, it is not thought advisable 
 to deal with anything but translations in English 
 of such literature. The same must be said as 
 regards scientific, historical and sociological works. 
 Although many representative books on all kinds 
 of subjects exist in foreign languages, and have 
 never been translated, it would be impossible 
 within the limits of this little book to deal with 
 them. 
 
 Assuming, then, that only English literature is 
 contemplated in this survey, or works translated 
 into the English language, the first piece of advice 
 which presents itself is that every library should 
 have its foundations laid on the works of the great 
 writers of" all times, whose books and lives are 
 described in histories of literature. This is such 
 a reasonable suggestion, that it might almost be 
 thought to be universal in practice and unnecessary 
 to mention, whereas, the reverse is too often the 
 case. As has been already stated in Chapter VI, 
 a tendency persists, in spite of all that can be 
 said, to buy books in cheap lots, irrespective of 
 their contents, or to what extent they strengthen 
 any section of the library. The reasonableness 
 of the proposal stands forth very prominently 
 when it is considered what any student or reader 
 would be entitled to expect to find in such a selec- 
 tion of books as a public library can provide. His
 
 Book Selection in 
 
 expectations on this head may reasonably be 
 stated as just such writers as those above men- 
 tioned, plus a fair proportion of the more ephemeral 
 current literature which has not yet been accorded 
 a settled place in literary history. Thus, a reader 
 is surely entitled to demand some of the works 
 of Homer, Virgil, Dante, Goethe, Shakespeare, 
 Burns, Milton and Rousseau among great names ; 
 while he may also reasonably hope to find in the 
 same company such lesser lights in all departments 
 of literature as Gibbon, Sappho, Walt Whitman, 
 Hume, Schopenhauer, Huxley, Longfellow, the 
 Brontes, Boswell, Keats, Lingard, Macaulay, 
 Gilbert White, Izaak Walton and Grant Allen. 
 If it is not a wise and proper policy to commence 
 with the authors generally recognized and acclaimed 
 as the best in the realms of pure literature, what 
 principle can be adopted as a guide to such an 
 immense labyrinth as the field of general litera- 
 ture ? Certainly the individual tastes of librarians 
 and committees are not to be accepted as irre- 
 proachable standards, nor can one depend abso- 
 lutely upon the guidance of experts. It seems fair, 
 therefore, to assume that the suggestion made 
 above, as to depending upon what may be termed 
 the selection of posterity, is not unreasonable, 
 nor one difficult to follow if one or two of the best 
 literary histories are compared and selections care- 
 fully made. In these days of good and cheap 
 reprints, most of the world's great classics can 
 now be had in modern editions. Many books can 
 also be obtained second-hand, by circulating lists
 
 H2 Book Selection 
 
 among booksellers, or by personal inspection of 
 their stocks. It is not wise, as a rule, to buy fiction 
 second-hand, unless sound copies in modern editions 
 can be obtained ; but this happens so rarely that 
 no further attention need be bestowed on the 
 question. Science in all its branches is another 
 class which should never be sought in second-hand 
 form, because, as a rule, textbooks and other works 
 of authority are seldom to be picked up second- 
 hand when current, and booksellers usually only 
 report old and in many cases obsolete editions. 
 The classes most likely to be secured advantage- 
 ously at second-hand are History, Biography, 
 Travel, Theology, Poetry, Philosophy and mis- 
 cellaneous subjects. Like science, law and social 
 science are constantly changing classes, and it is 
 not often that current editions can be procured 
 at second-hand prices. A list of guides and aids 
 to book-selection is given in the Appendix, so that 
 it is not necessary to do more than refer to them 
 and the following condensed list of authors and 
 titles. From this, any one can compile a brief 
 catalogue of the best books by great authors and 
 on the principal subjects, supplementing it from 
 personal knowledge, and rejecting anything 
 deemed unsuitable. The nucleus of a good small 
 library should be found in this list of suggestions, 
 and although no attempt has been made at com- 
 pleteness in every department, sufficient names 
 have been included to form a good beginning for a 
 representative library in English. As remarked 
 in the Introduction, a title-anthology must from
 
 Book Selection 113 
 
 its very nature be a perpetual target for every 
 inquirer, so that it is hoped this will be no excep- 
 tion, if it elicits by way of criticism the names of 
 even more desirable books than some of those 
 included. The matters of prices and publishers' 
 names have been omitted to save space, but as a 
 rule any work in print can be found by the 
 average bookseller, while a reference to some of 
 the bibliographies mentioned in the Appendix 
 will usually enable older books to be traced. 
 
 NUCLEUS LIST OF AUTHORS AND SUBJECTS FOR 
 A SMALL MUNICIPAL LIBRARY. 
 
 [To use this list it will be necessary to consult the biblio- 
 graphical works noted in the Appendix, such as 
 Sonnenschein, Robertson, Greenwood, etc., which 
 will enable authors to be identified.] 
 
 GENERALIA. Rousseau. 
 
 Ao Generalia. J uskin - 
 
 Encyclopedia Smiles. 
 
 Chambers. Spencer. 
 
 Recipes Thrmg. 
 Cooley. A3 Logic. 
 
 Leland. Bain. 
 
 Scientific American. Fowler. 
 
 Spon. Jevons. 
 
 Ai Education. 
 
 Arnold (M.). 
 
 Bain. Whately. 
 
 Barnett. A4 Mathematics. 
 
 Cassell. Hall and Knight. 
 
 Dawson. Hall and Stevens. 
 
 Fitch. Jackson. 
 
 Froebel. Lock. 
 
 Hamerton. Mitchell. 
 
 Herbart. Nixon. 
 
 Locke. Pendlebury. 
 
 Pestalozzi. Pitman. 
 
 S.L. I
 
 H4 Book Selection 
 
 Smith. Huxley. 
 
 Sonnenschein. Mivart. 
 
 Stern. Pearson. 
 
 Todhunter. Proctor. 
 
 Workman. Tyndall. 
 
 AS Geometry. 
 
 Angel. PHYSICAL SCIENCE. 
 
 Barnard and Child. 
 
 Godfrey and Siddons. Bo Physics, Dynarmcs. 
 
 Hall and Stevens. Faraday. 
 
 Hinton. Ganot. 
 
 Smith. Glazebrook. 
 
 Todhunter. J? ckye ,V 
 
 Maxwell. 
 
 Ao Graphic and Plastic Roscoe. 
 
 Arts- Rutherford. 
 
 Clausen. Stewart. 
 
 Collier. Tait. 
 
 Conway. Thomson. 
 
 Crane. Watson. 
 
 Harper ** J Mechanical Engineer - 
 
 Hatton. in f ' Machinery. 
 
 Hind. Goodeve. 
 
 Lanteri. Hasluck. 
 
 Macwhirter. Lmeham. 
 
 Morris. Lukm. 
 
 Pennell. Rankme. 
 
 Reynolds. 82 Civil Engineering. 
 
 Ruskin. Fletcher. 
 
 Slater. Greenwell. 
 
 Sturgis. Mahan. 
 
 Thompson. Rankine. 
 
 Wyllie. 83 Architecture. 
 
 Photography Adams. 
 
 Abney. Blomfield. 
 
 Bolas. Crouch and Butler. 
 
 Brothers. Fergusson. 
 
 Hinton. Fletcher (B.). 
 
 Holland. Leaning. 
 
 Lund. Middleton. 
 
 Ag General Science. Mitchell. 
 
 Brown (R.). Parker. 
 
 Buckley. Pugin.
 
 Book Selection 115 
 
 Rosengarten. Henderson. 
 
 Ruskin. Lodge. 
 
 Statham. Maxwell. 
 
 Sturgis. Maycock. 
 
 85 Railways, Vehicles. Parr - 
 
 Acworth Slmgo and Brooker. 
 
 Bury and Hillier. Stewart. 
 
 Findlay. Thompson. 
 
 Gordon. Thomson. 
 Graves. Ci Optics. 
 
 Grmlmg. Brewster. 
 
 Hasluck. Cross and Cole> 
 
 MacDermott. Glazebrook. 
 
 Phihpson. Lockyer. 
 
 Young. Roscoe. 
 
 B6 Transport, Shipbuild- , 
 
 ing, Shipping. Tyndall. 
 Allsop. C2 Heat, Steam Engine. 
 
 Bullen. Cooke. 
 
 Crotch. Donkin. 
 
 Dana. Edser. 
 
 Eichorn. Ewing. 
 
 Firth. Grover. 
 
 Galton. Hood. 
 
 Hall. Hovenden. 
 
 Herbert. Jamieson. 
 
 Sennett. Maxwell. 
 
 Wilson-Barker. Perry. 
 
 B8 Naval and Military 
 
 r 
 
 Science. 
 
 Baden-Powell. C3 Acoustics. 
 
 Castle. Helmholtz. 
 
 Goodenough. Mayer. 
 
 Hardy. Rayleigh. 
 
 Hutchinson. Tyndall. 
 
 Co Electricity. Crowest. 
 
 Allsop. Cummings. 
 
 Bottone. Curwen. 
 
 Harrison. Davey.
 
 n6 
 
 Book Selection 
 
 Engel. 
 
 Di Hydrography, Hydro- 
 
 Grove. 
 
 statics. 
 
 Haweis. 
 
 Busquet. 
 
 Jadassohn. 
 
 Tyndall. 
 
 Macfarren. 
 
 Van Dyke. 
 
 Naumann. 
 Parker. 
 
 D2 Meteorology, Pneuma- 
 
 Parry. 
 Peterson. 
 
 tics, Horology. 
 Abercromby. 
 
 Prout. 
 
 Bacon. 
 
 Randegger. 
 Ritter. 
 
 Britten. 
 Innes. 
 
 Schumann. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Stainer. 
 
 Waldo. 
 
 [Also a selection of collec- 
 
 Dj Geology, Petrology. 
 
 tions of songs, operas. 
 
 Dana. 
 
 pianoforte music, and 
 
 Darwin. 
 
 other musical texts.] 
 
 Geikie (A.). 
 
 C8 Astronomy. 
 Airy. 
 Ball. 
 
 Geikie (J.). 
 Hatch. 
 Jukes-Brown. 
 
 Chambers. 
 
 Lubbock. 
 
 Clerke. 
 
 Lyell. 
 
 Giberne. 
 
 Mackinder. 
 
 Herschel. 
 
 Man. 
 
 Lockyer. 
 Maunder. 
 
 Miller. 
 Murchison. 
 
 Nasmyth and Carpen- 
 
 Rutley. 
 
 ter. 
 
 D4 Crystallography, Min- 
 
 Newcomb. 
 
 eralogy. 
 
 Proctor. 
 
 Bale. 
 
 Do Physiography. 
 
 Bauerman. 
 
 Bonney. 
 Brown. 
 
 Dana. 
 Groth. 
 
 Chisholm. 
 
 Hatch. 
 
 Croll. 
 
 Rothschild. 
 
 Geikie. 
 
 D6 Metallurgy, Mining, 
 
 Gregory. 
 
 Metal Trades. 
 
 Hull. 
 
 Eissler. 
 
 Huxley. 
 
 Foster. 
 
 Judd. 
 
 Greenwood. 
 
 Milne. 
 
 Hasluck. 
 
 Tyndall. 
 
 Leland.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 117 
 
 Merivale. 
 
 Millis. 
 
 Mitchell. 
 
 Roberts- Austen . 
 
 Serton. 
 
 Smyth. 
 
 D7 Chemistry. 
 Allen (A. H.). 
 Bailey. 
 Bloxam. 
 Crookes. 
 Fresenius. 
 Leonard. 
 Newth. 
 Ramsay. 
 Remsen. 
 Roscoe. 
 Thomson. 
 Thorpe. 
 Tyler. 
 Watts. 
 
 Dg Chemical Technology 
 Bate. 
 Brunner. 
 Gadd. 
 Hills. 
 Hornby. 
 Kentish. 
 Lambert. 
 Lunn. 
 Meldola. 
 Smith (J. C.). 
 Standage. 
 
 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE. 
 
 Eo Biology, General. 
 Argyll. 
 Bastian. 
 Clodd. 
 Conn. 
 Darwin. 
 Dawson. 
 Drummond. 
 
 Haeckel. 
 Huxley. 
 Letourneau . 
 Mivart. 
 Romanes. 
 Saleeby. 
 Thomson. 
 Thornton. 
 Wallace. 
 Weismann. 
 
 Popular General Biology 
 Allen. 
 Burroughs. 
 Cooke. 
 Emerson. 
 Jefferies. 
 Kearton. 
 
 Owen and Jordan. 
 Phillpotts. 
 Robinson. 
 Taylor. 
 Thoreau. 
 White (G.). 
 Wood. 
 
 Ei Botany. 
 
 Bailey. 
 
 Balfour. 
 
 Bentham and Hooker. 
 
 Carpenter. 
 
 Cook. 
 
 Cooke. 
 
 Darwin (C.). 
 
 Darwin (F). 
 
 Davis. 
 
 Figuier. 
 
 Foster-Melliar. 
 
 Henslow. 
 
 Hole. 
 
 Hooker (Flora). 
 
 Hulme. 
 
 Lankester. 
 
 Lubbock. 
 
 Prantl and Vines,
 
 n8 
 
 Book Selection 
 
 Sachs. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Step. 
 
 Ward. 
 
 Willis. 
 
 Fo Zoology, General, Pro- 
 
 tozoa. 
 Beddard. 
 Glaus. 
 Cuvier. 
 Darwin. 
 Haeckel. 
 Hertwig. 
 Huxley. 
 Lankester. 
 Lubbock. 
 Lydekker. 
 Parker. , 
 Sedgwick. 
 Spencer. 
 Wallace. 
 Popular General Zoo- 
 
 l SV 
 Buckland. 
 
 Cornish. 
 
 Kearton. 
 
 Long. 
 
 Roberts. 
 
 Wood. 
 
 Fi Metazoa. 
 Dana. 
 Darwin. 
 Romanes. 
 
 F2 Mollusca, Arthropoda 
 
 (Crustacce). 
 Huxley. 
 Stebbmg. 
 
 )te P- 
 
 F3 Arthropoda (Insecta). 
 Carpenter. 
 Fabre. 
 Figuier. 
 
 Harrison. 
 Lubbock. 
 Maeterlinck. 
 Michelet. 
 Wood. 
 
 F 4 Chordata, Pisces. 
 Aflalo. 
 Beavan. 
 
 Mlvart - 
 FS Reptilia. 
 Bell. 
 Cooke. 
 Hopley. 
 Leighton. 
 Seeley. 
 
 F6 Aves (Birds). 
 
 Bechstein. 
 Coues 
 
 Dewar. 
 
 Dixon. 
 
 Fowler. 
 
 Gilbey.' 
 
 Harting. 
 
 Hudson 
 
 Kearton 
 
 Morris. 
 
 Pike 
 piper 
 
 Russ. 
 Saunders. 
 Sharpe. 
 Wright. 
 
 Fy Mammalia. 
 
 Beddard. 
 Blew 
 
 Flower and 
 
 Hartmann. 
 
 Lane. 
 
 Mayhew. 
 
 Price. 
 
 Schmidt 
 
 Lydekk er.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 Sidney. British pharmaco- 
 
 Simpson. poeia, Squires Corn- 
 
 Spencer. panion. 
 
 Tegetmeier. Gadd. 
 
 Garrod. 
 
 ETHNOLOGICAL AND MEDI- Smith (A. B,)- 
 
 CAL SCIENCE. , 
 
 Go Ethnology. GS Therapeutics, Medical 
 
 Darwin. and Surgical Science 
 
 Haddon. (General). 
 
 Haeckel. Black. 
 
 Huxley. Cross. 
 
 Lubbock. Dayton. 
 
 Taylor. Ellison. 
 
 Tylor. Farquharson. 
 
 Ellis. Quain. 
 
 Kidd. Savory. 
 
 Lombroso. White. 
 
 Civilization- G 7 -Nervou S System, Brain, 
 
 
 . 
 
 Blouet (O'Rell). Darwin. 
 
 SS ^vater. 
 
 wXtonecraft. Leadbeater. 
 
 Loeb. 
 
 G2 Human Anatomy, Phy- Mercier. 
 
 siology. Moll. 
 
 Bell. Reid. 
 
 Foster. Schofield. 
 
 Huxley. Sully. 
 
 Quaui. Winslow. 
 Stewart. 
 
 Thornton. G8 Sensory System. 
 
 Bernstein. 
 
 G 3 -Pathology. Black 
 
 Quatrefages. Le Conte> 
 Sternberg. 
 
 G 4 -Materia Medica, Phar- G 9 -Respiratory System. 
 
 macy. Behnke. 
 
 British pharmaco- Black. 
 poeia.
 
 120 Book Selection 
 
 Hi Digestive System. Hutchinson. 
 
 Black. Ranjitsinhji. 
 
 Maitland. Steel and Lyttelton. 
 
 HS Reproductive System. G ^T, 
 
 Ballin Beldam and Taylor. 
 
 Barrett Hutchinson. 
 
 JDdll CUL. ~ . , , _, . 
 
 Chavasse. Smith ( G ->- 
 
 Madden. T Ta y lor - 
 
 Stacpoole. Te " ms - e \ c -~ 
 
 Creswell. 
 
 H6 Ambulance, Nursing, Miles. 
 
 Hygiene, and Burial. Williams. 
 
 Humphreys. Football 
 
 Mac Gregor. Alcock. 
 
 Morten. Robinson. 
 
 Nightingale. Vassall. 
 
 Riddell. H8 Field Sports. 
 
 Roberts. Bromley-Davenport. 
 
 Weeks-Shaw. Jefferies. 
 
 H7 Physical Training and Newhouse. 
 
 Exercises. Shand. 
 
 Alexander. Hg Recreative Arts. 
 
 Chesterton. Bellew. 
 
 Hancock. Cassell. 
 
 Maclaren. Strutt. 
 
 Miles. Billiards 
 
 Thomas. Mitchell. 
 
 Sandow. Roberts. 
 
 Mountaineering Card Games 
 
 Dent. Elwell. 
 
 Le Blond. Hoffmann. 
 
 Wilson. Melrose. 
 
 Swimming Pole. 
 
 Cobbett. Proctor. 
 
 Holbein. Chess, Draughts 
 
 Sinclair and Henry. Blackburne. 
 
 Ice Sports Mason. 
 
 Adams. Rayner. 
 
 Cooke. Staunton. 
 
 Somerville. Sturges. 
 
 Cricket Conjuring, etc. 
 
 Abel. Bertram. 
 
 Grace. Hoffmann.
 
 Book Selection 121 
 
 Houdin. Jack. 
 
 Neil. Litchfield. 
 
 ECONOMIC BIOLOGY AND 
 
 DOMESTIC ARTS. Wheeler. 
 
 lo-Agriculture, Dairy U-Textile Manufactures. 
 
 Farming; Beaumont. 
 
 Bailey. Brooks. 
 
 Burn: Fox 
 
 Fream. Hurst. 
 
 Long. Llster - 
 
 Prothero. ^T !?' 
 
 Puxley. Nasmith. 
 
 Stephens. 15 Clothing Trades. 
 
 Willoughby. Browne. 
 
 Wrightson. Christie. 
 
 1 1 Veterinary Medicine. *. 
 
 Barton. O rtner - 
 
 Hunting. eeve - 
 
 Ruddock. Rose r / a 5- T, 
 
 T Tv/r-it- r* A Smith (A. K.). 
 
 1 2 Milling, Gardening Wood. 
 
 Forestry. 
 Bailey 16 Costume, Jewellery. 
 
 Beeton. Fairholt. 
 
 Boulger. Holt - 
 
 Brown. ? 1 ? n , c , h6 ' 
 
 Cook. Schild. } 
 
 Drury. Wilson. 
 
 Glenny. I'j Vegetable and Animal 
 
 Handbooks of practi- Products. 
 
 cal gardening ser. Aflalo. 
 
 Hartig. Bickerdyke. 
 
 Hibberd. Francis. 
 
 Hole. Golding. 
 
 Robinson. Leland. 
 
 Schlich. Marston. 
 
 Stone. Shrubsole. 
 
 Ward. Simmonds. 
 
 13 Wood Working. Stpddart. 
 
 Bale. Walton. 
 Barter. 18 Food and Beverages. 
 
 Fletcher and Phillips. Blyth. 
 
 Hasluck. Knight.
 
 122 
 
 Book Selection 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Pavy. 
 
 Roundell. 
 
 Thompson. 
 
 Rowntree and Sher- 
 
 well. 
 9 Gastronomy, Domestic 
 
 Economy. 
 Acton. 
 Beeton. 
 Cassell. 
 Hayward. 
 Marshall. 
 Reeve. 
 
 PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION. 
 
 Jo Metaphysics. 
 Argyll. 
 Bosanquet. 
 Draper. 
 Kant. 
 Lotze. 
 Mallock. 
 Porter. 
 
 Ji Aesthetics, Psychology. 
 Bain. 
 Bascom. 
 Bosanquet. 
 Burke. 
 
 Home (Kames). 
 James. 
 Lotze. 
 Ribot. 
 Robertson. 
 Ryland. 
 Stout. 
 Sully. 
 
 J2 Ethics. 
 Aristotle. 
 Calderwood. 
 Cicero. 
 Green. 
 Lecky. 
 
 Ryland. 
 
 Sidgwick. 
 
 Smiles. 
 
 Spencer. 
 J3 Philosophy. 
 
 Aristotle. 
 
 Bacon. 
 
 Berkeley. 
 
 Comte. 
 
 Descartes. 
 
 Hamilton. 
 
 Hegel. 
 
 Hobbes. 
 
 Hume. 
 
 Kant. 
 
 Leibnitz. 
 
 Lewes. 
 
 Locke. 
 
 Mill. 
 
 Nietzsche. 
 
 Plato. 
 
 Reid. 
 
 Robertson. 
 
 Rogers. 
 
 Schopenhauer. 
 
 Schwegler. 
 
 Spencer. 
 
 Spinoza. 
 
 Zeller. 
 
 J4 Theology, Religion, 
 General. 
 
 Allen (G.). 
 
 Balfour. 
 
 Besant (A.). 
 
 Bettany. 
 
 Davies. 
 
 Drummond. 
 
 Grant. 
 
 Mac Culloch. 
 
 Mallock. 
 
 Miiller. 
 
 J5 Mythology, Folk-Lore. 
 Brand.
 
 Book Selection 123 
 
 Campbell. K3 Christology. 
 
 Clodd. A'Kempis. 
 
 Cox. Farrar. 
 
 Frazer. Maurice. 
 
 Gomme. Neander. 
 
 Hartland. Renan. 
 
 Keightley. Seeley. 
 
 Lang. Strauss. 
 
 Nutt. Watson. 
 
 K4 Early and Eastern 
 
 J6-8 Church Doctrines, Churches. 
 
 Fasts, Etc. Abbott. 
 
 Bumpus. Butler. 
 
 Campbell. Farrar. 
 
 Dawson. Foxe. 
 
 Didron. Hatch. 
 
 Ditchfield. Milman. 
 
 Hoyt. Pullan. 
 
 Sadler. Stanley. 
 
 Shedd. .., T .. _, ... ., _ 
 K6 Latin Christianity, Ro- 
 
 Ko Churches and Sects, man Catholicism. 
 
 Non-Christian. Manning. 
 
 Bettany. Newman. 
 
 Davids. Nicolini. 
 
 Douglas. Stanley. 
 
 Howard. ,.. . _ . 
 
 K oran Ky Protestantism, Episco- 
 
 Lillie ' pal Churches. 
 
 Miiller. ? a , vieS ' 
 
 Talmud. Jale 
 
 \V a ite Newbolt and Stone. 
 
 Overton. 
 
 Ki Christian Churches, Wylie. 
 
 B j b ] e ' K8 Nonconformity. 
 
 Caird'. Carlile. 
 
 Cambridge Bible. Evans. 
 
 Farrar. Home. 
 
 Gladstone. Kg Presbyterianism, and 
 
 Harnack. Miscellaneous. 
 
 Newman. Clark. 
 
 Tolstoy. Stanley. 
 
 Westcott. Stewart.
 
 124 Book S 
 
 'election 
 
 SOCIAL AND POLITICAL 
 
 Bacon. 
 
 SCIENCE. 
 
 Bagehot. 
 
 Lo Social Science. 
 
 Bax. 
 
 Bagehot. 
 
 Bryce. 
 
 Dealey and Ward. 
 
 Creasy. 
 
 Kidd. 
 
 Freeman. 
 
 Rogers. 
 
 Gneist. 
 
 Spencer. 
 
 Hallam. 
 
 Tylor. 
 
 JaurSs. 
 
 Manners and Customs 
 
 Jenks. 
 
 Brand. 
 
 Leacock. 
 
 Clodd. 
 
 Maine. 
 
 Ditchfield. 
 
 Mary. 
 
 Population 
 
 More. 
 
 Booth. 
 
 Traill. 
 
 Malthus. 
 
 Wells. 
 
 George. 
 
 
 Graham. 
 
 L3 Central and Local 
 
 Hobson. 
 
 Administration. 
 
 Meakin. 
 
 Fair lie. 
 
 Li Political Economy. 
 Cobden. 
 
 Gomme. 
 Macdonagh. 
 
 Fawcett. 
 
 Meyer. 
 
 Hobhouse. 
 
 Walpole. 
 
 Holyoake. 
 Howell. 
 
 Webb. 
 
 Whinery. 
 
 Jevons. 
 Macleod. 
 
 L4-6 Law. 
 
 Marshall. 
 Marx. 
 
 Amos. 
 Blackstone. 
 
 Mill. 
 
 Every man's own law- 
 
 Palgrave. 
 Ricardo. 
 
 yer. 
 Ellis (H.). 
 
 Robertson. 
 
 Maine. 
 
 Rogers. 
 Ruskin. 
 
 Montesquieu. 
 Stephens. 
 
 Sidgwick. 
 
 Wilshere. 
 
 Smith (A.). 
 Walker. 
 
 Ly Contracts, Property and 
 Tenures. 
 
 Webb. 
 
 George. 
 
 L2 Political Science, Gov- 
 
 Gomme. 
 
 ernment. 
 
 Hobson. 
 
 Amos. 
 
 Maitland.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 125 
 
 L8 Commerce and Trade, 
 
 Posnett. 
 
 Money. 
 
 Schlegel. 
 
 Cox. 
 
 Stevenson. 
 
 Cunningham. 
 
 Indexing, etc. 
 
 Ely. 
 
 Clarke. 
 
 Hooper and Graham. 
 
 Harrold. 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Ready. 
 
 Jevons. 
 
 Elocution 
 
 Lubbock. 
 
 Bell. 
 
 Morris. 
 
 Carpenter. 
 
 Pitman. 
 
 Holyoake. 
 
 Rogers. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Sampson. 
 
 Pearson's reciters. 
 
 Stevens. 
 
 Sims. 
 
 Williams. 
 
 M2 African and Asiatic 
 
 Lg Finance. 
 
 Languages and Lit- 
 
 Amery. 
 
 eratures. 
 
 Armitage-Smith. 
 
 Abrahams. 
 
 Ashley. 
 
 Aston. 
 
 George. 
 
 Budge. 
 
 Gilbart. 
 
 Giles. 
 
 Macleod. 
 
 Huart. 
 
 Plehn. 
 
 Reich. 
 
 
 Wright. 
 
 LANGUAGE AND 
 
 
 LITERATURE. 
 
 M4~S European Lan- 
 
 Mo Language, General. 
 
 guages and Litera- 
 tures. 
 
 Clodd. 
 
 Hallam. 
 
 Hovelacque. 
 Muller. 
 
 Periods of European 
 Literature. 
 
 Sayce. 
 
 Sismondi. 
 
 Sweet. 
 
 Celtic 
 
 Trench. 
 
 Arnold. 
 
 Whitney. 
 
 Gregory. 
 
 Mi Literature, General. 
 
 Maclean. 
 
 Arnold. 
 
 Latin 
 
 Bennett. 
 
 Allen. 
 
 Birrell. 
 
 Mackail. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 Smith. 
 
 Disraeli. 
 
 Thompson. 
 
 Lang. 
 
 Italian 
 
 Lewes. 
 
 Garnett. 
 
 Morley. 
 
 Snell.
 
 126 Book Selection 
 
 French Brown (J. D.). 
 
 Ahn. Duff. 
 
 Brunetiere. Madan. 
 
 Chardenal. Pollard. 
 
 De Fivas. Rawlings. 
 
 Dowden. Thompson. 
 
 Laun (H. van). 
 
 Spanish _ "* Practical Printing and 
 
 Clark. Bookbinding. 
 
 Kelly Cockerell. 
 
 Greek De Vinne. 
 
 Fowler. Jacobi. 
 
 Goodwin. Southward. 
 
 Zaehnsdorf. 
 
 Mahaffy. M9 Library Economy. 
 
 Vincent and Dickson. Brown (J D ) ' 
 
 Anglo-Savon Burgoyne'. 
 
 f' ar Chambers and Fovar- 
 
 Sweet. gue 
 
 English Champneys. 
 
 Greenwood. 
 
 Hewett and Beach. 
 
 OM CC11 WUUU . 
 
 Lounsbury. 
 
 S e - 
 
 Meiklejohn. 
 
 No Fiction. 
 
 Morris. 
 
 Baker. Guide to the Best 
 
 Skeat. 
 
 Fiction. 
 
 Trench. 
 
 Cross (W. L.). 
 
 Brooke. 
 
 Dunlop. 
 
 Chambers. 
 
 Nield. 
 
 Craik. 
 
 Individual authors 
 
 Gosse. 
 
 Ainsworth. 
 
 Morley. 
 
 Allen (Grant). 
 
 Saintsbury. 
 
 Austen. 
 
 Taine. 
 
 Balzac. 
 
 A merican 
 
 Baring-Gould. 
 
 Trent. 
 
 Barr. 
 
 German 
 
 Barrie. 
 
 Ahn. 
 
 Bayly (Lyall). 
 
 Hugo. 
 
 Beckford. 
 
 Robertson. 
 
 Benson (E. F.). 
 
 My Palaeography, Biblio- 
 
 Besant. 
 
 graphy, Historical 
 
 Bjornson. 
 
 Typography. 
 
 Black. 
 
 Blades. 
 
 Blackmore.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 127 
 
 Boccaccio. 
 
 Boldrewood. 
 
 Borrow. 
 
 Braddon. 
 
 Bronte. 
 
 Browne (T. A.). 
 
 Buchanan. 
 
 Bulwer. 
 
 Burnett. 
 
 Cable. 
 
 Caine. 
 
 Carey. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 Carleton. 
 
 Cervantes. 
 
 Clemens. 
 
 Chambers (R. W.). 
 
 Collins. 
 
 Cooper. 
 
 Corelli. 
 
 Crawford. 
 
 Crockett. 
 
 Croker. 
 
 Daudet. 
 
 Defoe. 
 
 Dickens. 
 
 Disraeli. 
 
 Doyle. 
 
 Dumas. 
 
 Dupin (G. Sand). 
 
 Ebers. 
 
 Edgeworth. 
 
 Eliot. 
 
 Erckmann and Cha- 
 
 trian. 
 
 Evans (Eliot). 
 Fenelon. 
 Fenn. 
 Fielding. 
 Fothergill. 
 Fowler (E. T.). 
 Freytag. 
 Gait. 
 Garland. 
 
 Gaskell. 
 Gissing. 
 Goethe. 
 Goldsmith. 
 Gould, Baring- 
 Grant. 
 
 Guthrie (Anstey). 
 Habberton. 
 Haggard. 
 Hardy. 
 Harland. 
 Harris (Joel C.). 
 Harte. 
 
 Hawkins (A. Hope.) 
 Hawthorne. 
 Hewlett. 
 Hichens. 
 Hocking. 
 Hornung. 
 Howells. 
 Hughes, 
 Hugo. 
 Hyne. 
 Irving. 
 Jacobs. 
 James (G. P. R.). 
 
 (Henry). 
 
 Jerome. 
 Jerrold. 
 
 Johnston (Mary). 
 Jokai. 
 Kingsley (C). 
 
 (H.). 
 
 (M.) Malet. 
 
 Kipling. 
 
 Le Sage. 
 
 Lever. 
 
 Lin ton. 
 
 Lover. 
 
 Lyall. 
 
 Macdonald (G.). 
 
 Malory. 
 
 Marryat. 
 
 Mason (A. E. W.).
 
 128 Book Selection 
 
 Maupassant. Trollope. 
 
 Melville (H.). Turgenev. 
 
 Meredith. Vachell. 
 
 Merimee. Viaud (Loti). 
 
 Merriman. Waif or d. 
 
 Morris (W.). Ward. 
 
 Morrison (A.). Watson (H. B. M.). 
 
 Mulock. Watson (Maclaren). 
 
 Munro. Wells. 
 
 Murger. Weyman. 
 
 Murray (D. C.). White (W. Hale). 
 
 Norris (W. E.)- Whyte-Melville. 
 
 Oliphant. Wiggin. 
 
 Parker. Wilkins. 
 
 Pater. Wilson. 
 
 Peacock. Wood (Mrs. H.). 
 
 Pemberton. Yonge. 
 
 Phillpotts. Zangwill. 
 
 Poe. Zola. 
 
 Quiller-Couch. 
 
 Rabelais. Ni Poetry. 
 
 Reade. Collections 
 
 Ridge. Aytoun. 
 
 Roberts. Brooke. 
 
 Russell (W. C.). Bullen. 
 
 Sand. Gosse. 
 
 Scott (H. S.) ( Merri- Locker-Lampson. 
 
 man. Mackay. 
 
 Scott (W.). Morley. 
 
 Shorthouse. Neave. 
 
 Sidney. Palgrave. 
 
 Sienkiewicz. Percy. 
 
 Smedley. Quiller-Couch. 
 
 Smollett. Scott. 
 
 Steel (F. A.). Ward. 
 
 Sterne. War ton. 
 
 Stevenson. Individual Poets 
 
 Stockton. Akenside. 
 
 Stowe. Ariosto. 
 
 Sue. Arnold (E.). 
 
 Swan. Arnold (M.). 
 
 Swift. Aytoun. 
 
 Thackeray. Austin. 
 
 Tolstoy. Bar ham.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 129 
 
 Beattie. 
 Blake. 
 Bloomfield. 
 Bridges. 
 
 Browning. R. and E. B. 
 Buchanan. 
 Burns. 
 Butler. 
 Byron. 
 Calverley. 
 Campbell. 
 Camoens. 
 Carleton. 
 Chatterton. 
 Chaucer. 
 Clough. 
 Coleridge. 
 Cowley. 
 Cowper. 
 Crabbe. 
 Dante. 
 
 Davidson (J.). 
 Dibdin. 
 Dobson. 
 Douglas (G.). 
 Dray ton. 
 Drummond. 
 Dryden. 
 Dunbar. 
 Emerson. 
 Fitzgerald. 
 Gilbert. 
 Goethe. 
 Goldsmith. 
 Gower. 
 G.ray. 
 Hafiz. 
 Harte. 
 Heine. 
 Hemens. 
 Herbert. 
 Herrick. 
 Hogg. 
 Homer. 
 S L. 
 
 Hood. 
 
 Horace. 
 
 Hugo. 
 
 Keats. 
 
 Keble. 
 
 Kingsley. 
 
 Kipling. 
 
 La Fontaine. 
 
 Landor. 
 
 Lang. 
 
 Le Gallienne. 
 
 Leland. 
 
 Locker-Lampson. 
 
 Longfellow. 
 
 Lowell. 
 
 Lyndsay. 
 
 Macaulay. 
 
 Macdonald (G.). 
 
 Massey. 
 
 Meredith. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Moore. 
 
 Morris (L. and W.). 
 
 Omar. 
 
 Ossian. 
 
 Ovid. 
 
 Petrarch. 
 
 Pindar. 
 
 Poe. 
 
 Pope. 
 
 Proctor. 
 
 Ramsay. 
 
 Rogers. 
 
 Rossetti. 
 
 Sadi. 
 
 Sappho. 
 
 Schiller. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Shelley. 
 
 Sidney. 
 
 Sims. 
 
 Smith (A.). 
 
 Smith (Horace). 
 
 Southey. 
 
 K
 
 130 Book Selection 
 
 Spenser. Lyly. 
 
 Stevenson. Lytton. 
 
 Swinburne. Massinger. 
 
 Tasso Maeterlinck. 
 
 Tennyson. Marlowe. 
 
 Theocritus. Moliere. 
 
 Thomson (2). Phillips. 
 
 Virgil. Pinero. 
 
 Watson (Wm.). Racine. 
 
 Whitman. Rostand. 
 
 Whittier. Scribe. 
 
 Wordsworth. Shakespeare. 
 
 Yeats. Shaw. 
 
 Young. Sheridan. 
 
 Niblungenlied. Sophocles. 
 
 Mahabarata. Tennyson. 
 
 Webster. 
 
 N2 Drama. Wycherley. 
 Adams. 
 
 Archer. N3 Essays and Miscellane- 
 
 Hazlitt. ous. 
 
 Schlegel. Addison. 
 
 Ward. Arnold. 
 
 Individual Dramatists Bacon. 
 
 Aeschylus. Birrell. 
 
 Addison. Boyd. 
 
 Beaumont and Flet- Brown, 
 
 cher. Carlyle. 
 
 Burnand. Coleridge. 
 
 Calderon. Cowley. 
 
 Chapman. De Quincey. 
 
 Congreve. Dobson. 
 
 Corneille. Dryden. 
 
 Dryden. Emerson. 
 
 Gilbert. Friswell. 
 
 Goethe. Froude. 
 
 Goldsmith. Goldsmith. 
 
 Greene. Gosse. 
 
 Hauptmann. Hazlitt. 
 
 Hugo. Helps. 
 
 Tbsen. Hunt. 
 
 Jones. Irving (W.). 
 
 Jonson. Jefferies. 
 
 Lessing. Johnson.
 
 Book Selection 131 
 
 Lamb. Ely. 
 
 Landor. Rathgen. 
 
 Lowell. 
 
 Macaulay. Oz Universal Geography. 
 
 Mazzini. Brassey. 
 
 Meynell. Cook. 
 
 Montaigne. Hakluyt. 
 
 Morley. Jacobs. 
 
 Mulock. Mill. 
 
 Myers. Raleigh. 
 
 Paget (Lee). Reclus. 
 
 Pater - 03 North Africa. 
 
 Reppher. Earth. 
 
 Ruskin. Dawson. 
 
 Samte-Beauve. Johnston. 
 
 Schopenhauer. Lane-Poole. 
 
 Steele. Smith (R. B.). 
 
 Stevenson. -. _ 
 
 Symonds. 04 Egypt. 
 
 Thackeray. Budge. 
 
 Thoreau. ^ ane 'r, 
 
 Traill Lane-Poole. 
 
 Tyndall. Maspero. 
 
 Wilson. Rawlmson. 
 
 Sayce. 
 
 UNIVERSAL HISTORY, GEO- Sharpe. 
 
 GRAPHY, AND AFRICA. 05 East Africa. 
 
 [Lives of Monarchs and Burton. 
 
 Rulers should also be Drummond. 
 
 included.} Johnston. 
 
 Oo Universal History. Powell-Cotton. 
 
 Duruy. Stanley. 
 
 Freeman. 06 Central Africa. 
 
 Sanderson. Du Chaillu. 
 
 Battles Johnston. 
 
 Crane. Livingston. 
 
 Creasy. Schweinfurth. 
 
 Grant. Stanley. 
 
 Jf y! ^ d - 07 South Africa. 
 
 Rawlmson. Cunliffe 
 
 Ragozm. Doyle 
 
 Oi Archaeology. Livingstone. 
 
 Babelon. Stanford.
 
 132 
 
 Book Selection 
 
 Theal. 
 
 Murray. 
 
 Worsfold. 
 
 Norman. 
 
 Younghusbaud. 
 
 P4 China, Tibet. 
 
 08 West Africa. 
 
 Boulger. 
 
 Burton. 
 
 Douglas. 
 
 Johnston. 
 Mockler-Ferryman. 
 
 Landon. 
 Landor. 
 
 Park. 
 
 Little. 
 
 Stanley. 
 
 Waddell. 
 
 
 Weale. 
 
 Og African Islands. 
 
 Williams. 
 
 Ellis. 
 Sibrcc. 
 
 P5 Farther India, etc. 
 
 Verschuur. 
 
 Keane. 
 
 
 P6 India. 
 
 OCEANIA AND ASIA. 
 
 Baker. 
 
 Po Australasia. 
 Bonwick. 
 
 Boulger. 
 Gumming. 
 
 Froude. 
 
 Davids. 
 
 Jenks. 
 Reeves. 
 
 Elphinstone. 
 Frazer. 
 
 Shaw. 
 
 Hunter. 
 
 Stanford. 
 
 Lyall. 
 
 Walsh. 
 
 Malleson. 
 
 Wilkins. 
 
 Rulers of India ser. 
 
 P! Polynesia, Micronesia, 
 Melanesia. 
 
 Trevelyan. 
 P88 Afghanistan. 
 
 Becke. 
 
 Bellew. 
 
 Melville. 
 
 Harmer. 
 
 Pallander. 
 
 Hooker. 
 
 Stevenson. 
 
 Raverty. 
 
 P2 Malaysia. 
 Bird. 
 
 PQ Persia. 
 
 Bassett. 
 
 Wallace. 
 
 Benjamin. 
 
 Swettenham. 
 
 Bird. 
 
 
 Malcolm. 
 
 P29 Asia. 
 
 Ragozin. 
 
 Stanford. 
 
 Wills. 
 
 PS Japan. 
 
 Batchelor. 
 Bird. 
 
 EUROPE, GENERAL AND 
 SOUTH (Latin, etc.). 
 
 Brinkley. 
 
 Qo Europe, General. 
 
 Hearn. 
 
 Alison.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 133 
 
 Borrow. 
 
 Bourne. 
 
 Bradley. 
 
 D'Aubigne. 
 
 Fitchett. 
 
 Freeman. 
 
 Fyffe. 
 
 Froissart. 
 
 Hallam. 
 
 Lodge. 
 
 Stanford. 
 
 Qi-i2 Turkey. 
 Freeman. 
 Lane-Poole. 
 Steevens. 
 
 Q2 Palestine. 
 Conder. 
 Hosmer. 
 Josephus. 
 Kinglake. 
 Martineau. 
 Milman. 
 Stanley. 
 Thomson. 
 
 Q26 Arabia. 
 Burton. 
 Gilman. 
 Lane-Poole. 
 Palgrave. 
 
 Q3 Greece. 
 
 Abbott. 
 
 Budge. 
 
 Collignon. 
 
 Cox. 
 
 Grote. 
 
 Mahaffy. 
 
 Oman. 
 
 Smith. 
 
 Thirl wall. 
 
 Thucydides. 
 
 Xenophon. 
 
 Q4 Balkan States. 
 Laveleye. 
 Miller. 
 Samuelson. 
 Wyon. 
 
 QS Italy. 
 
 Brown (H. F.). 
 Crawford. 
 Creighton. 
 Gregorovius. 
 Hare. 
 Heine. 
 Hodgkin. 
 Howells. 
 King. 
 
 Machiavelli. 
 Platina. 
 Ranke. 
 Ruskin. 
 Sismondi. 
 Symonds. 
 
 See also S6i Roman 
 Emp. 
 
 Ro France. 
 
 Baring-Gould. 
 
 Bodley. 
 
 Caesar. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 Guizot. 
 
 Hanataux. 
 
 Kitchin. 
 
 Lamartine. 
 
 Mignet. 
 
 Rose. 
 
 Stevenson. 
 
 Taine. 
 
 Thiers. 
 
 R6 Spain. 
 Borrow. 
 Conde. 
 Hume. 
 Irving.
 
 134 Book Selection 
 
 Lane-Poole. Coolidge. 
 
 Meakin. Dandliker. 
 
 Napier. Dixon. 
 
 Prescott. Hug and Stead. 
 
 Williams. Symonds. 
 
 R8 Portugal. Whymper. 
 
 Crawford. S6 Germany. 
 
 Napier. Baring-Gould. 
 
 Stephens. Bothmer (Home Life). 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 EUROPE, NORTH (Teutonic Dawson. 
 
 and Slavonic). Gardiner. 
 
 _ . _ Markham. 
 So Russia-m-Europe. 
 
 Bain. S6i Holy Roman Empire. 
 
 Dixon. Bryce. 
 
 Joubert. Gibbon. 
 
 Kinglake. Gardiner. 
 
 Morfill. Merivale. 
 
 Wallace. Mommsen. 
 
 Sis-Poland. Suetonius. 
 
 Morfill. 87 Prussia. 
 
 Baring-Gould. 
 
 82 Finland. Carlyle. 
 
 ^ ae - Zimmern. 
 
 825 Russia-in-Asia. To Netherlands. 
 
 Burnaby. Hough. 
 
 Fraser. Motley. 
 
 Jefferson. Young. 
 
 83 Austria. Tl Holland. 
 
 Coxe. Amicis. 
 
 Dowie. Havard. 
 
 Kay. Meldrum. 
 
 T2-Belgium. 
 
 Whitman. Black 
 
 84 Hungary. Boulger. 
 
 Browning (H. E.). Gleig. 
 
 Vambery. Hooper. 
 
 Fletcher (M.). Stevenson. 
 
 Tissot. 74 Scandinavia 
 
 85 Switzerland. Mallet. 
 
 Conway. Otte.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 135 
 
 T5 Denmark 
 r~\4-4-o 
 
 Elton. 
 Freeman. 
 
 vjtte. 
 Russell-Jeaffreson. 
 Weitemeyer. 
 
 Froude. 
 Gairdner. 
 Gardiner. 
 
 T6 Norway. 
 
 Geoffrey of Monmouth. 
 
 Boyeson. 
 
 Green. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 (Mrs ). 
 
 Du Chaillu. 
 
 Greville. 
 
 T8 Sweden. 
 
 Gross. 
 
 Bain. 
 
 Hume. 
 
 Voltaire. 
 
 Knight. 
 
 Woods. 
 
 Lecky. 
 
 
 Lingard. 
 
 BRITISH ISLANDS. 
 
 Low and Pulling. 
 
 Uo Ireland. 
 Froude. 
 Gannon. 
 
 MacCarthy. 
 Martineau. 
 Molesworth. 
 Ranke. 
 
 Joyce. 
 Lawless. 
 Lecky. 
 MacCarthy. 
 Maxwell (W. H.). 
 O' Curry. 
 O'Grady. 
 Thackeray. 
 Walpole. 
 
 Stubbs. 
 Timbs. 
 Traill. 
 Walpole. 
 Wheatley. 
 Yonge. 
 Description 
 Baring-Gould. 
 Bell's Cathedral ser. 
 
 Young. 
 
 Besant. 
 
 Uz Wales. 
 
 Cobbett. 
 
 Baring-Gould. 
 
 Ditchfield. 
 
 Borrow. 
 
 Geikie. 
 
 Bradley. 
 
 Harper. 
 
 Edwards. 
 Rhys and Brynmor- 
 
 Highways and Byways 
 ser. 
 
 Jones. 
 
 Hissey. 
 
 Us England. 
 
 Howitt. 
 
 Bede. 
 
 Loftie. 
 
 Besant. 
 
 Meiklejohn. 
 
 Bright. 
 
 Palmer. 
 
 Buckle. 
 
 Snell. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 Suffling. 
 
 Clarendon. 
 
 Sutcliffe. 
 
 Creighton. 
 
 Walford.
 
 i 3 6 
 
 Vo Scotland. 
 
 Brown (Hume). 
 
 Burton. 
 
 Chambers. 
 
 Innes. 
 
 Knox. 
 
 Lang. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Skene. 
 
 Strickland. 
 
 Tytler. 
 
 Wilson (D.). 
 Description 
 
 Boswell. 
 
 Crockett. 
 
 Miller. 
 
 Oliphant. 
 
 Smith (A.). 
 
 Stevenson! 
 
 Wordsworth. 
 
 Vs United Kingdom. 
 
 Aubrey. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 Fearnside. 
 
 Gardiner. 
 
 Green. 
 
 Guizot. 
 
 Hume. 
 
 Junius. 
 
 Lee. 
 
 Lecky. 
 
 Lingard. 
 
 Macaulay. 
 
 MacCarthy. 
 
 Thackeray. 
 
 V6 British Empire. 
 Bourne. 
 Clough. 
 Dilke. 
 Froude. 
 Little. 
 
 Book Selection 
 
 AMERICA. 
 Wo America, General. 
 
 Parkman. 
 
 Stanford. 
 Wo2 Canada. 
 
 Bourinot. 
 
 Butler. 
 
 Fiske. 
 
 Greswell. 
 
 Kennedy. 
 
 Parkman. 
 
 Whates. 
 
 Wo 8 Indian Tribes. 
 Catlin. 
 
 Wi United States. 
 
 Adams. 
 
 Appleton. 
 
 Bancroft. 
 
 Bryce. 
 
 Carnegie. 
 
 Clemens. 
 
 Doyle. 
 
 Fiske. 
 
 Fraser. 
 
 Parkman. 
 
 Roosevelt. 
 
 Stevenson. 
 
 Thayer. 
 
 Wells. 
 
 Winsor. 
 
 W5 Mexico. 
 Conkling. 
 Hale. 
 Prescott. 
 
 W6 Central America. 
 Bates. 
 
 W63 West Indies. 
 Fiske (A. K.). 
 Froude. 
 Kingsley. 
 Rod way.
 
 Book Selection 
 
 137 
 
 Stockton. 
 
 Smiles. 
 
 Trollope. 
 
 Vasari. 
 
 Wy South America. 
 
 Walton. 
 
 Dawson. 
 
 Xo8 Heraldry, etc. 
 
 Dixie. 
 
 Boutell. 
 
 Gallenga. 
 
 Clark. 
 
 Humboldt. 
 
 Cussans. 
 
 Wallace. 
 
 Eve. 
 
 W72 Brazil, etc. 
 
 Jenkins. 
 
 Bates. 
 Conway. 
 Prescott. 
 
 X3 Individual Biography 
 
 [Exclusive of Monarchs and 
 Rulers which go at His- 
 
 W9 Polar Regions. 
 
 tory}. 
 
 Barrow. 
 
 Abelard. 
 
 Greeley. 
 
 Agricola. 
 
 Hall. 
 
 Alcuin. 
 
 Kane. 
 
 Arblay (Mme. d'). 
 
 Markham. 
 
 Arnold (T.). 
 
 Nansen. 
 
 Augustine. 
 
 Nares. 
 
 Austen. 
 
 Nordenskjold. 
 
 Bacon. 
 
 Peary. 
 
 Bashkirtseff. 
 
 Richardson. 
 
 Beaconsfield. 
 
 Ross. 
 
 Becket (T. a). 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Beethoven. 
 
 BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Berlioz. 
 Bismarck. 
 
 Xo Collective and Class. 
 
 Blake. 
 
 Chambers (ed. Pat- 
 
 Borrow. 
 
 rick). 
 
 Bright. 
 
 Diet, of Nat. Biog. : 
 
 Bronte. 
 
 Epitome. 
 Adams. 
 Bagehot. 
 Benson. 
 
 Browning. 
 Bunyan. 
 Burney. 
 Burns. 
 
 Bryce. 
 
 Burton. 
 
 Cunningham. 
 
 Byron. 
 
 Farrar. 
 
 Caesar. 
 
 Gosse. 
 
 Calvin. 
 
 Johnson. 
 
 Carlyle. 
 
 Lahee. 
 
 Cellini. 
 
 Oliphant. 
 
 Chambers. 
 
 f Plutarch. 
 
 Churchill.
 
 138 
 
 Book Selection 
 
 Cobbett. 
 
 Cobden. 
 
 Cockburn. 
 
 Columbus. 
 
 Comenius. 
 
 Cruikshank. 
 
 Dante. 
 
 Darwin. 
 
 Defoe. 
 
 Dickens. 
 
 Dumas. 
 
 Edward, Thos. 
 
 Erasmus. 
 
 Evelyn. 
 
 Faraday. 
 
 Franklin, B. 
 
 Sir J. 
 
 Frith. 
 
 Garibaldi. 
 
 Gladstone. 
 
 Goethe. 
 
 Gordon. 
 
 Guthrie. 
 
 Havel ock. 
 
 Hawker. 
 
 Homer. 
 
 Hume. 
 
 Hunt. 
 
 Irving. 
 
 Jefferies. 
 
 Jeffrey. 
 
 Joan of Arc. 
 
 Johnson. 
 
 Kingsley. 
 
 Knox. 
 
 Kossuth. 
 
 Lamb. 
 
 Livingstone. 
 
 Luther. 
 
 Macaulay. 
 
 Mahomet. 
 
 Mazzini. 
 
 Mendelssohn. 
 
 Miller, Hugh. 
 
 Milton. 
 
 Morris (Wm.). 
 
 Nasmyth. 
 
 Nelson. 
 
 Newman. 
 
 Newton. 
 
 Palmerston. 
 
 Pasteur. 
 
 Peel. 
 
 Pepys. 
 
 Pitt. 
 
 Rossetti. 
 
 Rousseau. 
 
 Ruskin. 
 
 Schumann. 
 
 Scott. 
 
 Shakespeare. 
 
 Shelley. 
 
 Socrates. 
 
 Spencer. 
 
 Stanley. 
 
 Stevenson. 
 
 Stowe. 
 
 Tennyson. 
 
 Thoreau. 
 
 Trollope. 
 
 Turner. 
 
 Voltaire. 
 
 Wagner. 
 
 Wallace, Sir W. 
 
 Watt, Jas. 
 
 Wellington. 
 
 Wesley. 
 
 Williams (Montagu). 
 
 Wordsworth. 
 
 Series 
 
 English Men of Letters. 
 English Men of Action. 
 Eminent Women. 
 Great Educators. 
 Great Writers.
 
 CHAPTER X 
 
 PUBLIC SERVICE AND RULES 
 
 THE Rules and general arrangements made for 
 readers in small municipal libraries should be as 
 liberal and unrestrictive as may be considered con- 
 sistent with efficiency and safety. In recent years 
 a strong reaction has set in against the prison-like 
 rules and conditions which governed the early 
 public libraries, and in this country, the United 
 States, the British colonies, and also in various 
 parts of Europe, the tendency is all in favour of 
 making libraries efficient every day workshops 
 rather than bonded stores. Access to libraries is 
 now rendered easy for everybody ; age limits have 
 been reduced ; the borrowing right has been greatly 
 extended, both as regards the number of books 
 allowed at one time and the method of enrolment ; 
 while direct access to the shelves, which is the rule 
 in most reference libraries, is also being extended 
 to lending departments. All these, together with 
 the adoption of exact classification and annotated 
 cataloguing seem to distinguish modern from the 
 older librarianship, which was more or less based 
 on distrust of the public, and a failure to grasp the 
 
 139
 
 140 Public Service and Rules 
 
 educational significance of well-selected collections 
 of books. To be thoroughly successful, a municipal 
 library should be staffed by educated and intelli- 
 gent officers, trained specially for the work ; and 
 with the aid of a broad-minded committee, they 
 can make the institution first in value to the 
 inhabitants. The public library is practically the 
 only department through which a municipality 
 comes into direct and unrestrained contact with 
 the people, and it is, therefore, the institution 
 most likely to be criticized and consequently the 
 one most requiring constant supervision. This 
 fact has been recognized more generally in the 
 larger provincial towns than in London, where 
 there still exists a strong feeling that in some way 
 libraries are a costly delusion, and an encourage- 
 ment to the spread of socialism ! In the great 
 cities of the north quite a different spirit is abroad, 
 and so far from starving and cutting down the 
 public libraries, every effort is made to foster and 
 extend their activities. Indeed, most of the large 
 towns have obtained special parliamentary powers, 
 with the consent of the ratepayers, for raising or 
 removing the limitation of the rate of one penny 
 in the pound, and the result has been to improve 
 the public service all round. 
 
 Before setting out a series of draft Rules to serve 
 as a basis for a code, some practical points affect- 
 ing the public service in libraries may be con- 
 sidered. In news or reading rooms it is best on 
 the whole to assign a fixed place for every periodical, 
 and to classify the magazines so as to bring together
 
 Public Service and Rules 141 
 
 all the related trade, art, literary, scientific and 
 other miscellanies. By confining the daily news- 
 paper element to one good London paper like the 
 Times, and the local journals, considerable econo- 
 mies can be effected by which money is released for 
 the purchase of the higher-class magazines. In 
 the Reference Department much good will result 
 from placing on open shelves, accessible to all with- 
 out formalities, a selection of quick-reference books 
 like encyclopaedias, dictionaries, year-books, direc- 
 tories, histories, atlases, gazetteers and similar 
 works. These can be used without any preliminary 
 filling up of application forms, and the privilege 
 will attract hundreds of readers to the library who 
 otherwise might not come. Open access to shelves 
 on the British Museum plan is undoubtedly much 
 appreciated, and is now in operation nearly every- 
 where. By this method quick-reference books 
 are placed on open shelves, while very valuable 
 and little used books are applied for in the usual 
 way, either on written application or demand. In 
 the Lending Department it is desirable to make 
 the choice of books as easy and satisfactory as 
 possible, and for this reason, elaborate mechanical 
 devices for registering the issues of books and indi- 
 cating them ' in ' and ' out ' are absolutely unneces- 
 sary. It is absurd to find municipal libraries in 
 small towns fitted up with a huge rampart of 
 indicator for the purpose of recording a daily issue 
 of about 50 to 100 volumes. It is like employing 
 a steam engine to sharpen one pencil ! 
 Even in larger libraries with daily issues amount-
 
 142 Public Service and Rules 
 
 ing on an average to 300 or 500 a day, it is unwise 
 to use indicators for any class of books save fiction. 
 A library with a rapidly growing stock, which 
 employs an indicator for all classes of books, is 
 certain to reach a point where further expansion 
 of the indicator is impossible, and then great diffi- 
 culties are introduced. It should always be remem- 
 bered that non-fiction forms about 70 per cent, to 
 75 per cent, of the total stock, but that it is not 
 issued in the lending library to a greater extent 
 than about 30 per cent, to 35 per cent. ; conse- 
 quently it is wrong to add a constantly growing 
 but little used apparatus to the equipment, when 
 it is more likely to prove an obstruction than an 
 aid as regards nearly three-fourths of the stock 
 and work. An indicator for fiction only, plus a 
 card-charging system in a busy lending library, 
 is a reasonable compromise, but in small libraries 
 a good card-charging system is infinitely more 
 economical and satisfactory. There are plenty 
 of simple and accurate card-charging systems on 
 the market for recording the issues of books and 
 enabling them to be traced at any moment, and 
 these can be seen at any library outfitters. These 
 card-registration systems are very rapid in opera- 
 tion, and when worked in conjunction with open 
 shelves, furnish a perfect and satisfactory method 
 of book issue and record. The public in general 
 take more interest in libraries and the books they 
 contain, when allowed direct access to closely 
 classified shelves, there to examine before selecting 
 literature. It is an education for a man who
 
 Public Service and Rules 143 
 
 wants a book on ferns to go to a series of book 
 shelves and find displayed the whole literature of 
 botany, arranged in logical order, and thus obtain 
 in five minutes a better conception of his own sub- 
 ject and its relationships, than could be got by 
 hours of study in a catalogue. The effect of access 
 to the shelves has a tendency to convert mere 
 ' readers ' into students, and to introduce to notice 
 hundreds of good books which would otherwise 
 remain unknown. This latter fact can easily be 
 ascertained by comparing the issue labels of certain 
 historical, biographical and scientific works in an 
 open and closed library. In the former case such 
 works are generally dated to show frequent issues, 
 while in the latter the issues recorded are either 
 few in number or non-existent. There are other 
 practical details of modern library practice, but 
 these must be sought for in the special works 
 noted in the Appendix. With these remarks, the 
 following draft Rules are submitted as a series of 
 suggestions for the compilation of codes suitable 
 for small municipal libraries. Anything which 
 does not suit local circumstances can be omitted, 
 as hours and conditions must be fixed accordingly. 
 
 [DRAFT.] 
 
 RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
 GENERAL. 
 
 I . The Library of ... is a society established for purposes 
 of literature and science exclusively. The Librarian shall 
 have the general charge of the library, and shall be re- 
 sponsible for the safe keeping of the books and for all the 
 property belonging J:heret o.
 
 144 Public Service and Rules 
 
 2. The library is supported in part by a rate levied in 
 accordance with the Public Libraries Acts and in part by 
 voluntary contributions of money and gifts of books, 
 periodicals, etc. The Library Committee shall not make 
 any dividend, gift, division, or bonus in money unto or 
 between any of its members. 
 
 3. Admission is free to all public parts of the library 
 during the hours when it is open, but no person shall be 
 admitted who is disorderly, uncleanly, or in a state of 
 intoxication. Smoking, betting, and loud conversation 
 or other objectionable practices are also forbidden in the 
 rooms or passages of the library. 
 
 4. The Librarian shall have power to suspend the use 
 of the ticket of any borrower, and refuse books or deny 
 the use of the reading rooms to any reader who shall neg- 
 lect to comply with any of these rules and regulations, 
 such reader having the right of appeal to the Library 
 Committee, who shall also decide all other disputes between 
 readers and the library officials. 
 
 5. Readers desirous of proposing books for addition to 
 the library may do so by entering the titles and particulars 
 of publication of such books on slips provided for the 
 purpose, which will then be submitted to the Committee 
 at their first meeting thereafter. All suggestions on 
 management to be written on slips or sent by letter to 
 the Committee. 
 
 6. Any person who unlawfully or maliciously destroys 
 or damages any book, map, print, manuscript, or other 
 article belonging to the libraries shall be liable to prosecu- 
 tion for misdemeanour under the provisions of 24 and 25 
 Viet. c. 97, ' An Act to consolidate and amend the statute 
 law of England and Ireland relating to malicious injuries 
 to property, 1861,' the provisions of the statute entitled 
 61 and 62 Viet. c. 53, ' An Act to provide for the punish- 
 ment of offences in libraries, 1898,' shall also apply. 
 
 REFERENCE LIBRARY. 
 
 7. The Reference Library shall remain open on week- 
 days from 10 a.m. till . . . p.m., but shall be closed on 
 Christmas Day, Good Friday, and such other days as the 
 Committee may from time to time appoint.
 
 Public Service and Rules 145 
 
 8. Any person over the age of 16 and such others as 
 the Librarian may permit may use the reference library, 
 and on entering shall sign his or her name, with the cor- 
 rect address, in a book kept for the purpose. Any one 
 giving a false name or address shall be liable to prosecu- 
 tion, and shall not afterwards be allowed to use the library. 
 
 9. Every person before leaving the room shall return 
 the book or books consulted into the hands of the Librarian 
 or his assistants, and must not replace books taken from 
 the open shelves, but leave them with the assistant at the 
 exit. 
 
 10. Any work in the lending department, if not in use, 
 excepting fiction, may be had on application at the refer- 
 ence library counter for perusal in the reading room, but 
 on no account must such books be taken from the room. 
 
 1 1 . Illustrations of all kinds may be copied, but not 
 traced, save by permission of the Librarian. Extracts 
 from books may be copied in pencil. The use of ink is 
 only permitted at certain tables which are reserved for 
 the purpose. Certain works are only issued after a written 
 application to the Library Committee. 
 
 LENDING DEPARTMENT. 
 
 12. The lending library is open daily for the issue and 
 receipt of books every week-day from i o a.m. till . . . p.m., 
 but shall be closed on Sundays, Christmas Day, Good 
 Friday, all public holidays, and such other days as the 
 Committee may from time to time appoint. 
 
 13. Books shall be borrowed for home reading only by 
 persons rated, resident, or employed in ... 
 
 14. All persons whose names appear on the current 
 Register of Electors of ... or in the local directories as resi- 
 dents, or who can produce a receipt for current rates, 
 may borrow books on their own responsibility, after filling 
 up the application forms provided for the purpose. 
 
 15. Other residents and non-resident employees in . . . 
 over 14 years of age may borrow books, but must first obtain 
 a recommendation from a duly qualified person as defined 
 in Rule 14, and must sign the necessary application forms 
 
 S.L. L
 
 146 Public Service and Rules 
 
 provided for the purpose. The filling up and signing of 
 these forms will be regarded as an assent to these rules 
 and regulations, and an undertaking to observe due care 
 in the use of the books, and to make good any loss or 
 damage sustained. 
 
 1 6. Any person resident or employed hi ... un- 
 able to obtain the recommendation of a qualified person 
 as defined in Rule 14, may borrow books on leaving a 
 deposit of five shillings with the Librarian. The guarantee 
 of the recognized head officials of Government Depart- 
 ments, Friendly Societies, and similar organizations may 
 be accepted at the discretion of the Committee, in lieu of 
 an ordinary guarantee, for persons who are employed in 
 
 17. The application forms, duly signed, must be de- 
 livered to the Librarian or his assistant, and if on examina- 
 tion they are found to comply with the rules and regu- 
 lations, tickets will be issued at once [or after three days 
 interval]. These tickets must be revised and stamped 
 annually by the assistants to ensure the correctness of the 
 addresses and other particulars [or must be renewed 
 annually at the date of expiry]. 
 
 18. The Committee shall issue additional tickets to 
 readers, available for all classes of literature save fiction. 
 Any duly enrolled borrower may have one of these extra 
 tickets on filling up an application form as for an ordinary 
 ticket. School teachers in ... may have more than one 
 ticket of this class on application to the Librarian. 
 
 19. Borrowers must return each volume lent within 
 fifteen days, including days of issue and return, and shall 
 be liable to a fine of id. per week or portion of a week for 
 each volume lent, if not returned within that period, but 
 the issue of a book may be renewed for a further period of 
 fifteen days, dating from the day of intimation, on notice 
 being given to the Librarian either personally or in writ- 
 ing, and no further renewal will be allowed if the book is 
 required by another reader. Books which are much in 
 demand may, however, be refused such renewal at the 
 discretion of the Librarian.
 
 Public Service and Rules 147 
 
 20. Borrowers who are unable to obtain a particular 
 non-fictional book and desire that it shall be retained for 
 them on its return, must give its title, number, etc., to 
 the assistant, and pay id. to cover cost of posting an inti- 
 mation that it is available for issue, but no book will be 
 kept longer than the time mentioned in the notice sent. 
 Novels cannot be reserved under this rule. 
 
 21. No person shall take out of any library any book 
 for use in any house in which there is a person suffering 
 from infectious disease, and no person shall return to any 
 such library any book which has been exposed to infection 
 from any infectious disease, but shall at once give notice 
 to the Medical Officer of Health that it has been exposed 
 to infection, and leave the book at the office of the Medi- 
 cal Officer of Health or hand it over to any Sanitary 
 Inspector acting on his behalf, who shall cause the same 
 to be disinfected and then returned to the library, or 
 destroyed. 
 
 22. Borrowers leaving the district or ceasing to use the 
 library are required to return their tickets to the Librarian 
 in order to have them cancelled, and changes of address 
 should be notified at once. 
 
 READING ROOMS. 
 
 23. The Reading Rooms shall remain open on week- 
 days from 9 a.m. till 10 p.m., but certain newspaper 
 ad vertisements shall be on view from . . . a.m. The depart- 
 ment shall be closed on the usual holidays as stated in 
 Rule 12. 
 
 24. No persons under 14 years of age, unless accom- 
 panied by their parents or elders capable of controlling 
 them, shall be allowed to use these rooms except by per- 
 mission of the Librarian or his assistants. 
 
 25. Any persons who use these rooms for purposes of 
 betting, or who in any way cause obstruction or disorder 
 in these or any other rooms or passages of the libraries, 
 are liable to be proceeded against under the provisions of 
 6 1 and 62 Viet. c. 53, ' An Act to provide for the punish- 
 ment of offences in libraries, 1898.' 
 
 26. Readers in possession of periodicals must be pre- 
 
 II
 
 148 Public Service and Rules 
 
 pared to resign them to any other reader who may ask to 
 peruse them, ten minutes after the request has been made 
 through one of the library staff. 
 
 CHILDREN'S ROOMS. 
 
 27. The Children's Reading Rooms and Libraries shall 
 be open from 4.30 till 8 p.m. daily, from Monday to Friday 
 inclusive, and from 10 a.m. till 5.30 p.m. on Saturdays. 
 
 28. The Children's Lending Libraries are free to every 
 boy and girl under 14 years of age residing in ... 
 able to write and read ; but they must obtain a 
 recommendation from their parents or school teachers 
 as to their good behaviour and the safe return of 
 all books. Only one book a week will be issued to 
 each Borrower, but books may be returned any day. 
 
 29. The Children's Reading Room shall only be open 
 to children over 10 years of age who possess tickets of 
 admission issued by the Librarian on the recommenda- 
 tion of parents or school teachers. 
 
 By Order.
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 SELECT LIST OF WORKS ON BIBLIO- 
 GRAPHY, BOOK SELECTION AND 
 LIBRARY ADMINISTRATION. 
 
 GENERAL ADMINISTRATION. 
 
 Brown (J. Duff). Annotated Syllabus for the Systematic 
 Study of Librarianship. 1904. 
 
 Manual of Library Economy. 1907. 
 
 Champneys (A. L.). Public Libraries, a Treatise on their 
 
 Design, Arrangement and Fittings. 1907. 
 Clark (J. W.). The Care of Books. Cambridge, 1901. 
 Cockerell (D.). Bookbinding and the Care of Books. 1907. 
 Greenwood's Library Year-books to 1901. O.P. 
 Roebuck and Thorne. Primer of Library Practice for 
 
 Junior Assistants. 1904. 
 Professional Periodicals: 
 
 Library. London. In progress. 
 
 Library Assistant. London. In progress. 
 
 Library Association Record. London. In progress. 
 
 Library World. London. In progress. 
 
 Library Journal. New York. In progress. 
 
 Public Libraries. Chicago. In progress. 
 
 CLASSIFICATION. 
 
 Brown (J. Duff). Manual of Library Classification and 
 Shelf A rrangement. 1 898 . 
 
 Subject Classification. 1906. 
 
 Dewey (M.). Abridged Decimal Classification. Chicago. 
 
 1894- 
 
 Richardson (E. C.). Classification, Theoretical and Prac- 
 tical. New York. 1901.
 
 150 Appendix 
 
 CATALOGUING. 
 
 Crawford (E.). Cataloging : Suggestions for the Small 
 Public Library. 1906. 
 
 Cutter (C. A.). Rules for a Dictionary Catalogue. Wash- 
 ington. 1904. 
 
 Dewey (M.). Library School Rules for Catalogues. New 
 York. 1898. 
 
 Hitchler (T.). Cataloging for Small Libraries. New 
 York. 1905. 
 
 Quinn (J. H.). Manual of Library Cataloguing. 1899. 
 
 Savage (E. A.). Manual of Descriptive Annotation. 
 1906. 
 
 LITERARY HISTORY AND BOOK SELECTION. 
 
 Adams (C. K.) A Manual of Historical Literature. . . . 
 
 3rd ed. New York. 1888. 
 
 Baker (E. A.). A Descriptive Guide to the best Fiction. 
 1903. 
 
 A Guide to the best Historical Novels and Tales. 1907. 
 
 Catalog of ' A.L.A.' Library. Washington. 1905. 
 English Catalogue of Books. Published annually. 
 Dunlop (J. C.). History of Fiction, ed. Wilson. 1888. 
 
 2 vols. 
 
 Greenwood (E.). Classified Guide to Technical and Com- 
 mercial Books. 1904. 
 Hallam (H.). Introduction to the Literature of Europe. 
 
 Reprint. 1882. 
 
 lies (G.) ed. Annotated Bibliography of Fine Art. Bos- 
 ton. 1897. 
 Kroeger (A. B.). Guide to the Study and Use of Reference 
 
 Books. Boston. 1902. 
 Leypoldt and lies. List of Books for Girls and Women 
 
 and their Clubs. Boston. 1895. 
 Magnus (L.). How to read English Literature. 1906. 2 
 
 vols. 
 Nicoll and Seccombe. The Bookman History of English 
 
 Literature. 1905-6. 
 Nield (J.) A Guide to the best Historical Novels and 
 
 Tales. 1904. 
 Patrick (D.) ed. Chambers' Cyclopaedia of English 
 
 Literature. 1901-3. 3 vols. 
 
 Reference Catalogue of Current Literature. Issued every 
 few years.
 
 Appendix 151 
 
 Robertson (J. M.). Courses of Study. 1904. 
 
 Sonnenschein (W. S.). The Best Books. 1887-1901. 
 Various editions. 
 
 The Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literature. 
 
 1895-1901. 
 
 Histories of the national literature of England, France, 
 Germany, Italy, Russia, Spain, Holland, Hungary, 
 Greece, Rome, Arabia, China, United States, Scan- 
 dinavia, etc. 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 British Museum. Guide to the Exhibits in the King's 
 Library. Last edition. 
 
 Brown (J. Duff). Manual of Practical Bibliography. 
 1906. 
 
 Burton (J. H.). The Book-hunter. Edinburgh, 1885. 
 
 Duff (E. G.). Early Printed Books. 1893. 
 
 Home (R. H.). An Introduction to the Study of Biblio- 
 graphy. 1814. O.P. 
 
 Plomer (H. R.). A Short History of English Printing. 
 1900. 
 
 Pollard (A. W.). Early Illustrated Books. 1893. 
 
 Rawlings (G. B.). The Story of Books. 1901. 
 
 Stein (H.). Manuel de bibliographic generale. Paris. 
 1898.
 
 INDEX 
 
 ACCESS to libraries, 139 
 
 to shelves, 141 
 
 Age standards for reading, 14 
 Alphabetical order, 102 
 American children's libraries, 
 
 12 
 
 Anecdote books, 44 
 Annotations, 105 
 Anonyma, 98 
 Army libraries, 53 
 Art galleries, 77 
 Arts, (home library) 39, 
 
 (juvenile) 68, (class) 84, 
 
 "3-4 
 
 Assistants in libraries, 140 
 Authors, great, no 
 Authorship, 92 
 
 joint, 96 
 
 Authors' names, 90, 92-8 
 Avebury's ' Best books ', 37 
 
 BABY books, n, 20 
 
 Bedroom libraries, 30 
 
 Best books, 37 
 
 Bibliographies, 2, 149 
 
 Bibliography, list of books, 
 152 
 
 Bibliotheca Latrina, 44 
 
 Biography, exemplary, 17 
 (home library) 41, (ju- 
 venile) 63, 69, (class) 87, 
 137 
 shelf order, 83 
 
 Book-buying, 112 
 
 selection, i, 71, 109, el 
 passim, (guides) 150. 
 
 sizes, 101 
 Books for municipal libraries, 
 
 "3 
 
 for very young children, 20 
 lists of ' best', 37 
 Brain standards for reading, 
 
 14 
 
 Buildings for small libraries, 
 
 76 
 
 Burton, John Hill, 2 
 Business libraries, 47, 53 
 
 CARD indexing, 48, 106 
 Carroll's ' Alice ' books, 19 
 Catalogue, card, 48, 106 
 
 classed, 89, 103 
 
 dictionary, 89 
 
 entries, order, 104 
 
 rules, 89, 92 (code) 
 
 sheaf, 107 
 
 Cataloguing, 89-107, 150 
 Children's home library, 
 nucleus, 18 
 
 libraries, u, 18, 20 
 
 reading rooms, 148 
 Christian names, 92 
 Classed catalogues, 89, 103 
 Classification, 79-88, 149 
 
 of children, 14 
 Colophons, 99
 
 Index 
 
 153 
 
 Commentators, 96 
 Cutter's catalogue rules, 89 
 
 DATE of publication, 100 
 Dictionary catalogue, 89 
 Drama, shelf order, 83, 
 (authors) 130 
 
 EDITIONS, 100 
 Editors, 96 
 
 Entries, catalogue, order, 104 
 Essays, (home library) 41 
 (class) 87, 130 
 
 FAIRY tales, 19 
 Fiction, (home library) 42, 
 (juvenile) 63, (class) 87 
 
 indicator, 142 
 
 shelf order, 83 
 
 GRADES in reading, 12-15 
 
 HISTORY, (home library) 40, 
 (juvenile) 63, 69, (class) 
 86, 131-7 
 Household general libraries, 
 
 3&-45 
 
 libraries, 29-45 
 reference books, 30, 33, 34, 
 35 
 
 IMPRINTS, 100-1 
 Indicators, 141 
 
 JUVENILE libraries, (reference 
 books) 61, (lending books) 
 63, (rules) 148 
 
 LANGUAGE, (juvenile library) 
 
 62, (class) 86, 125 
 Lecture rooms, 77 
 Lending libraries, 141, (rules) 
 
 145 
 Librarians, 72 
 
 Libraries, small, 5 
 Library Association, 73 
 
 buildings, 76 
 Lighthouse libraries, 53 
 Literary history, guides, 151 
 Literature, (juvenile library) 
 
 62, (class) 86, 125 
 Lubbock's ' Best books ', 37 
 
 MUNICIPAL libraries, 71 
 Museums, 77 
 
 NAMES changed, 95 
 
 compound, 95 
 Navy libraries, 53 
 Noblemen, 94 
 Novels, 42, 126 
 Nursery books, n, 20 
 
 OPEN access, 141 
 shelves, 141 
 
 PAGINATION, 101 
 Periodicals, 98 
 
 arrangement, 140 
 
 library, 149 
 Philosophy, (home library) 40, 
 
 (class) 85, 122 
 
 Poetry, (home library) 41, 
 (juvenile) 63, 70, (class) 
 87, 128 
 
 shelf order, 83 
 Price lists, 49 
 
 Professional libraries, 47, 52 
 Prose fiction, 42, 63, 126 
 Pseudonyms, 90, 97 
 Publication, place of, 100 
 Public libraries, small, 71 
 
 service, 139 
 
 QUALIFYING table for classifi- 
 cation, 8 1, 87 
 Quinn's cataloguing, 89
 
 154 
 
 Index 
 
 REFERENCE libraries, house- 
 hold, 30, (minimum) 33, 
 34-5 
 
 Reading rooms, 140, 147 
 
 Reference libraries, 141, (rules) 
 144 
 
 Regulations for libraries, 143 
 
 Religion, (home library) 40, 
 (juvenile) 62, (class) 85, 
 122 
 
 Romances, 42, 63, 126 
 
 Royal names, 93 
 
 Rules for cataloguing, 92-107 
 for libraries, 139, (code) 143 
 
 SAILORS' libraries, 53 
 
 School libraries, 55, (reference 
 
 books) 61 
 Science, (home library) 39, 
 
 (juvenile) 61, 68, (class) 
 
 84, 113-20 
 Series, 102 
 
 Service of libraries, 139 
 Shelf marking, 82 
 Shelving of books, 82 
 Shop libraries, 47, 52 
 Signatures, 102 
 
 Sizes, 101 
 
 Small municipal libraries, 71 
 Society authorship, 98 
 Sociology, (home library) 40, 
 
 (juvenile) 62, (class) 85, 
 
 124 
 
 Soldiers' libraries, 53 
 Staff of libraries, 140 
 Stories, 42, 63, 126 
 Subject classification, 80, 84 
 Subjects in book selection, 113 
 Sunday school libraries, 56, 60 
 Surnames, 92 
 
 TALES, 42, 63, 126 
 
 Title-pages, 91, 99 
 
 Titles (authorship), 93 
 
 Toy-books, n, 20 
 
 Translators, 96 
 
 Travel, (home library) 40, 
 
 (juvenile) 63, 69, (class) 
 
 86, 131-7 
 
 VOLUMES, 101 
 WORKSHOP libraries, 47, 52
 
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