SUMMARY OF GETTYSBURG PUBLICATIONS. ISOM ETR ICAL DRAWING OF THE BATTLE-FIELD, REPRESENTING TWENTY-FIVE SQUARE MILES OF COUNTRY. TniS differs from a topographical drawing, as it shows the elevation of objects, and from a YTKW. as objects do not diminish in size as they recede in distance. Every hill and valley, every field and forest, every fence and house, is shown. On this landscape view the most important position of every regiment and battery of both armies is located for each of the three days 1 battle, and its name attached. PRICES. PLAIN (without sky) ............................................................................. $3.00 TINTED. (This and the two following has a sky, and is suitable to frame) ........................... 5.00 PROOF, printed in tints, on heavy plate paper, having positions of troops colored ..................... 10.00 COLOBEO PKOOF. Carefully finished in water colors ......................................... , ...... 15.00 Sent free on receipt of price. "REPULSE OF LONGSTREET S ASSAULT," STEEL ENGRAVING. (NOT YET PUBLISHKD.) A fine steel engraving (parlor size), from the Historical Painting of the " Eepulse of Longstreet a Assault," painted by JAMES WALKER, from historical data by JOHN B. BACHELDER. PRICES. ELECTROTYPE EDITION ........................................................................... $7.50 PRINT ......................................................................................... lo.OO PLAIN PROOF (on superior plate paper) ............................................................ 25 00 INDIA PROOF (on line India paper, from the original plate) ......................................... 50.00 ARTIST S PKOOF ................................................................................. 100.00 The hitter edition will be limited to two hundred copies for America and Europe, which will be care fully selected, numbered, and signed by the artist and publisher. "REPULSE OF LONGSTREET S ASSAULT," DESCRIPTION OF THE PAINTING. Showing the positions and movements of troops. 44 pages, royal 8vo, in paper, with outline key . ..25c. ESP" Sent free on receipt of price. DESCRIPTIVE KEY. Embracing, in addition to the above, a brief account of the battle from the commencement; also the local points of the field. With an Appendix, containing letters and reports of officers of both armies, never before published, showing the authorities for the painting. Together with a complete ALPHABETICAL INDEX of every CORPS. DIVISION, BRIGADE, REGIMENT, BATTERY, and OFFICER mentioned in the work. PLAIN ML-RLIN . .. ................................................................................. $1.00 FINE EDITION (table book), on heavy toned-paper. Fourteen splendid Steel Portraits of Generals. Elaborately bound, Levant cloth, gilt, beveled boards, gilt edzes ..................................... $5,00 KEF* Sent free on receipt of price. OUTLINE KEY TO THE "REPULSE OF LONGSTREET S ASSAULT," This, as its name indicates, is an outline of the painting, reduced to 18 inches, under which is a Reference, Charf, which, by aid ot numerals placed over the Key connecting by a vertical line with the object on it. indicates by name the position of DIVISIONS, BRIGADES. KEGIMENTS. BATTERIES, and OFFICERS. It locates on the painting the position of two hundred and fifty-one regiments and seventy-eight batteries, and has been compiled at great expense from material never before published. W~ Sent free on receipt of a Three, Cent Stamp ! HISTORY OF THE BATTLE. Compiled from the Official Reports of the officers of both armies, furnished me by the Government for that purpose interviews with the officers of every regiment and battery engaged thousands of letters Irom all source?, and personal visits to the battle-fie ld with forty -six generals commanding, and over one thousand commissioned officers engaged at the battle, the whole occupying over six and a half years. PRICES. POPULAR EDITION (without Portraits), royal Svo, bound in cloth .................................. $5 00 with Portraits, printed from transfers .......................................... 7.50 LIBRARY EDITION, printed on good fair paper, good plates, and substantially bound in sheep ........ 12.0d SAME EDITION, printed on fine paper. PROOF Portraits, bound in half morocco, beveled boards ........ 17.50 FINE EDITION, on tinted paper. Proof Portraits, full morocco, gilt, beveled boards, gilt edges ........ 25.00 LARGE PAPER EDITION (limited), printed from new type, and the original wood-cuts, in the best style of modern hand-press work, on extra heavy toned-paper, with the finest INDIA PROOF POR TRAITS. in sheets, stitched, uncut .................................. .......................... 100.00 Elaborately bound, full Levant morocco, gilt .................................................... 125.00 $S.5uO.OO north of illustration* are already engraved for this icork, including forty -two steel portrait* of general ojicers. and several others ordered, %SF~ Subscriptions received. EPISODES OF THE BATTLE. I have already had painted, and in hand, several important r-pisodes of the battle, from which steel Enzravinsrs are to be executed. I am also prepared to desi-n, have painted, and publish, STEEL ENGRAVINGS, CHROMO-LITHOGBAPHS, or PLAIN LITHOGRAPHS of any The large Historical Painting of "THE LAST HOURS OF L I N COL H ," by Chapptl, containing life-like Portraits of 47 Figures, fa 1> In the engraver s hand*. This will be completed in 1S71, and will be the mott /ttyhly-litiuted Engraving tier executed in. America. Sold only by subscription. PRICES. ELECTROTYPE PP.IN-T, $7.50 ; PLAIN, $15 ; PROOF, fiS ; INDIA PROOF, $60; ARTIST S PROOF, $100. The above works are sold entirely by subscription, for which experienced Agents, who have the capital to conduct the business energetically, are wanted in every State, County, City, and Town in the country. " PIT None others nned apply. je\ Orders for either oft/it ah irf otn he tent direct co the Publisher. JOHN B. BACHELDER, Publisher, 59 Beekman Street, New York, DESCRIPTIVE KEY TO T1IE PAINTING OF TIIK REPULSE OF IONGSTREETS ASSAULT BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG. (JULY 3, 1S63.) HISTORICALLY ARRANGED BY JOHN B. BACHELDER, AND PAINTED BY JAMES WALKER. A BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE BATTLE, SHOWING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE CONTENDING FORCES, AND EXPLAINING THE POINTS OF LOCAL AND MILITARY INTEREST DELINEATED BY THE ARTIST. WITH APPENDIX, CONTAINING PRIVATE LETTERS AND OFFICIAL REPORTS FROM BOTH ARMIES, SHOWING THE AUTHORITIES FOR THE PAINTING J WITH A COMPLETE INDEX OF THE OFFICERS AND TROOPS MENTIONED. JOHIST B. B A CHELDE R,, A, M AUTHOB OF " ISOMETEICAL DBAWING OF THE GETTYSBURG BATTLE-FIELD." JJork: PUBLISHED BY JOH^ B. BACHELDER, 59 BEEKMAN STREET. 1870. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1&70, by JOHN B. BACHELDER, In the Clerk s Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. ALVORD, PRINTER. t75 S3 PREFACE. IT has been found difficult in the preparation of this work, necessarily brief, to simply glance at the prominent features of the battle, and mention the important points, without extending the account beyond the purpose for which it was intended. Where so much could be said, it was not easy to dismiss with a sentence scenes and episodes in the battle entitled to chapters of explanation, while others, perhaps equally important, could not be mentioned at all. Indeed, it was not at first contemplated to publish one fourth of the present material, but simply a brief description of the painting which it was intended to accompany. With this painting the necessity for a detailed explanation seemed greater than with ordinary historical scenes ; first, because the public have not yet become fully familiar with the detailed history of the battle, and also because the painting itself is unusually full, and having been designed and painted with strict reference to historical correctness, the interest in it will be greatly enhanced by having always at hand a full description of its details, with proper historical references and authorities, particularly as it is accompanied by an outline key. It was not my intention at first to illustrate it; but, having the plates of nearly fifty steel portraits, which have been engraved for my history of the battle, I decided to M590406 Q PREFACE. insert into a FINE EDITION of this work the portraits of such generals as actually participated in this part of the battle. I regret that the portraits of Confederate generals, now being engraved, could not have been added, but the publication having been but recently contemplated, they could not be completed in season. In the following pages now presented to the public, the writer has already embodied many thoughts ordinarily intro duced in prefatory remarks; yet, as this work partakes of the nature of an introduction to my history of the battle, now being compiled, I embrace this opportunity to reiterate a few of the thoughts contained in the text. One is the fact that the members of several regiments and batteries, which I know to have had a fine record at the battle, have hitherto failed to furnish me with an account of the detailed move ments of their commands. As it is my intention to confine myself strictly to an authentic history of the battle, the officers of such commands as fail to supply me w r ith the data can not afterward complain of a meager account of their movements. I have been unable, in this work, to speak of hundreds of officers who distinguished themselves, and contributed materially to the result of the battle. In future publications I shall, as far as practicable, treat this part of the subject. CO^TE^TS. PAGE STORY OF THE BATTLE . . . . . . . . .9-11 DESCRIPTION OF THE BATTLE-FIELD ....... 12-15 GENERAL REYNOLDS . . . . . . . . .16 FIRST DAY S BATTLE . . . . . . . . .10-17 SECOND DAY S BATTLE. ... .... 18-20 THIRD DAY OP THE BATTLE ........ 21-30 FORMATION OF CONFEDERATE LINE OF BATTLE ..... 21-23 POSITION OF CONFEDERATE ARTILLERY ...... 24-25 THE CANNONADE . . . . . . . . .25 THE ASSAULT AND REPULSE ........ 26-30 DESCRIPTION OF THE PAINTING ....... 31-48 GENERAL ARMISTEAD ......... 33-34 MAJOR-GENERAL MEADE . ...... 34 GENERAL HANCOCK (wounded) ....... 35 GENERAL GIBBON* (ivounded) ........ 35 WEBB S BRIGADE ......... 35-37 HALL S BRIGADE .... .... 37-38 HARROW S BRIGADE . . . . . . . . .38 ARTILLERY .......... 38-41 STANDARD S BRIGADE ......... 39 HAYS DIVISION SMYTH S, SIIERRILL S, and CARROLL S Brigades ... 40 ROBINSON S DIVISION COULTER S and BAXTER S Brigades .... 41 GENERAL HOWARD ......... 41 STEINWERR S DIVISION SMITH S Brigado . ..... 41 SCHURZ S DIVISION ......... 41 ELEVEN rii CORPS ARTILLERY ....... 41 FOREGROUND FORMATION ........ 42-43 GENERAL BIRNEY ......... 43 GENERAL WARD ......... 43 BERDAN S BRIGADE ......... 43 GENERAL NEWTON ......... 43 DOUBLEDAY S DIVISION ROWLEY S aud DANA S Brigades .... 43-44 BRIGADES OF DE TROBRIAND, MADILL, EUSTIS, and SIIALER ... 44 HUMPHREY S DIVISION CARR S, BREWSTER S and BURLING S Brigades . . 44-45 CALDWELL S DIVISION MCKEENE S, KELLEY S, FRAZER S, and BROOKE S Brigades . 45 McGiLVERY s BRIGADE OF RESERVE ARTILLERY ..... 45 WRIGHT S DIVISION TORBERT S Brigade ...... 45 BARNES S DIVISION* SWEITZER S and RICE S Brigades .... 46 CRAWFORD S DIVISION MCCANDLESS S Brigade ..... 46 WHKATON S DIVISION BARTLETT S (UPTON S), and KEVINS s Brigades . . 46 AYRES DIVISION DAY S, BURBANK S, GARRARD S (WEED S) Brigades . . 46 TILTON* S BRIGADE ......... 47 FISHER S BRIGADE ..... .... 47 GENERAL HOWE . . . . . . . . .47 GRANT S BRIGADE ......... 47 RUSSELL S BRIGADE ......... 47 KIT/PATRICK S DIVISION (Cavalry) FARNSWORTH S and MERRITT S Brigades . 48 CUSTER S BRIGADE ......... 48 COMPILER S STATEMENT ........ 49-51 ISOMETRICAL DRAWING ........ 52 LETTERS (TESTIMONIAL) . ...... 53 ORIGIN* AND HISTORY OF THE PAINTING 64 CONTENTS. PAGE ENGRAVING ......... 55 HISTORY OF THE BATTLE . . . . . . . .56 TRICES OF DITTO ......... 57 EXTRACTS FROM OFFICIAL REPORTS AND L::;-;I:I:S ..... 59-84 LETTER FROM MAJOR-GENERAL MEADE ...... 61-62 UNION REPORTS (Extracts) ........ 63-78 REPORT OF MAJOR-GENERAL HANCOCK ...... 63-64 " BRIGADIER-GENERAL HUNT ...... 64-65 " GIBBON ...... 65-66 " " HARROW ...... 66 " " " WEBB ...... 66-67 LETTERS OF " " 67 LETTER OF MAJOR MITCHELL . . . . . . .68 LIEUTENANT HAMILTON ..... G8 " LIEUTENANT- COLONEL MACV ..... 69 REPORT OF CAPTAIN ELLINGWOOD . ... 69 " " DARROW ....... 69 COLONEL HEATH . . . . . . . .69 " CAPTAIN COATES .... 69 COLONEL GATES . . . ^ LETTER OF CAPTAIN OWENS . . . .* . . . 70 REPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL STANNARD . . . . .70 " " HAYS ...... 71 " CAPTAIN SEELEY ....... 71 LIEUTENANT-COLONEL SAWYER . . . 72 MAJOR-GENERAL HOWARD . . . . . .72 NEWTON ..... 73 HUMPHREYS . .... 74 SEDGWICK ...... 74 <; BRIGADIER-GENERAL SHALER ...... 74 " " AYHKS ..... 74 COLONEL TILTON . . . . . . . .74 " SWEITZER . . . . . . .75 RICE ........ 75 " GARRARD ....... 75 CAPTAIN HAZARD ....... 75-76 COLONEL MCGILVERY . . . . . . .76 " CAPTAIN FITZHUGH ....... 76-77 " LIEUTENANT PARSONS . . . . . . .77 LETTER FROM CAPTAIN COWAN . . . . . . .77-78 COLONEL MORGAN . . . . . . .78 CONFEDERATE REPORTS ........ 79-84- REPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL PENDLETON .... 79 " LIEUTENANT-GENERAL LONGSTREET ..... 79-80 " BRIGADIER-GENERAL DAVIS . . . . . .81 COLONEL SHEPARD . . . . . .81-82 " MAJOR JONES ....... 82 " ENGELHARD ..... . 82-83 COLONEL LOURANCE . 83 BRIGADIER-GENERAL LANK ...... 83 " Wn.cox ...... 83 COLONEL LANG ........ 84 INDEX .......... 85- SUMMARY OF GETTYSBURG PUBLICATIONS %. put- THE STORY OF THE BATTLE. THE Battle of Gettysburg must always be regarded as the decisive, though not the closing, battle of the war. In the struggle was involved not only the honor of the Army of the Potomac, but the safety from invasion of the Northern States ; not only the success of LEE S sortie, but that of the Confederacy itself; the life of the nation and the fate of liberty throughout the world hung in the dreadful balance. Its result not only put an end to all hopes and fears of a Northern inva sion, but forced the Confederate leaders and armies to resume the defensive policy. It was eminently proper, therefore, that this battle should be selected as the one most worthy to be fully and faithfully illustrated and described by the artist s pencil and the histo rian s pen. The painting which is now before the reader s eye, is the result of the former s labors ; the work of the author is not yet completed. From the grand assault of LONGSTKEET S command, on the third day of the battle, the Confederate army retired bloodily repulsed and forever broken ; LEE S army never again recover ed from the blow which it here received. a a. Lieutenant-General JAMES LOXGSTEEET of the Confederate array spent several hours, in 1868, in Mr. WALKER S studio, examining this painting, not then com pleted. Aftec looking at it closely for some time, he turned with a sad smile to the designer, and said : "Colonel, there s where I came to grief." "Yes," I responded. "I have called your assault, the tidal-wave, and the copse of trees M in the center of the picture, the high-water mark of the rebellion." You said rightly," he responded. "We were successful until then. From that point we retreated and continued to recede, and never again made successful headwav." }() GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. The repulse of LONGSTREET S charge was consequently not only the decisive episode of this decisive battle, but of the war ; for this reason, the designer of this painting has chosen it as the subject of the principal of a series of pictures illustrating this conflict. But the localities of the chief engagements on all three days of the battle (save those on the right wing) may be clearly traced thereon. When this painting is examined by the educated military critic, accustomed to extensive field operations, his practiced eye will readily follow the evolutions of the several commands. He will discover the threatened point of attack and understand the manner of defense. The movements of the exhausted bat teries which are " limbering to the rear," and of those which go thundering to the front will be readily understood. The excited infantry which rush in to the combat, the cool reserves who rest on their arms, the dashing horsemen with their curious pennants, the unarmed prisoners hur ried and hurrying to the rear, the shattered limber and wounded horses, the puffs of smoke from cannon and musket ry, and exploding shells which dot the scene, tell the story of battle in language familiar to the soldier. But to those unac quainted with military evolutions and battle scenes, this paint ing, in which grand pictorial effects have been designedly sacri ficed to accuracy, must present an aspect of confusion. For this reason, the accompanying Key and the following descrip tion of the painting have been prepared. The former indicates every point of interest on the field ; the latter contains a de scription of the battle-field ; a brief outline of events of the three days battle, and of numerous incidents illustrated in the painting ; besides an appendix, giving extracts from the official reports and letters of the commanders on both sides, fully es tablishing the authenticity of the painting. All interest in it must depend on its correctness ; and to establish this, the key THE STORY OF THE BATTLE. ;Q and description have been prepared. But the interest in the picture will be largely enhanced, if the reader will carefully study the key and familiarize himself with the description. It is not claimed by the executor of this painting that the scenes and incidents represented on it were of simultaneous occurrence. Indeed, it would have been quite impossible for the beholder to witness, at a single glance, the individual opera tions on the field of so many thousands of men, or even to trace the movements of their commanders. In the representa tion of all historical events, the artist s license allows him to select and combine such episodes as will best convey the story to be told. a It is asserted, however, that every movement indicated in this painting was enacted during the consummation of the great historical event, the charge and repulse of LONG- STREET S command, on the afternoon of July 3, 1863. When the reader shall have familiarized himself with the history of the action, as deduced from the subjoined descrip tion, and extracts contained in the appendix, the apparent intri cacies of the painting will disappear, and he will have obtained a clear, intelligible idea of the greatest of modern battles, and the most daring of military movements. a. As an illustration Major MITCHELL 86 * is represented reporting to Major-General MEADE 9 that Major-General HANCOCK 49 has been wounded. Yet, by reference to the painting, we see General HANCOCK represented just falling from his horse. This seeming incongruity is adopted because the act of falling best tells the story. Had he been painted lying on the ground, no one would recognize the fact of his being wounded ; but, as it is, it is apparent to all. * The figures interspersed through the book refer to the outline Key of the painting, and are placed in two lines above it. The lower line refers to Union troops and officers. The upper line to the Confederates. The capital letters in the intermediate space refer to local points of interest. itscrijrtion of THE important local points of interest on the battle-field, as here delineated, demand our first attention, as necessary to the comprehension of the whole. Let the reader imagine him self on some elevated position facing the west, from which he can overlook the field at half-past three o clock in the after noon. Cemetery Hill Z, a prominent elevation, the burying-place of the town of Gettysburg, bounds the painting on the right. Round Top mountain D is at the extreme left. Pro truding from its northern face is a bold granite spur, popularly known as Little Round Top B, but in my Isometrical Draw ing of the field, I have called it Weed s Hill, in honor of the gallant general who gave his life in its defense. The low ridge connecting Cemetery Hill and Little Round Top, along which the Union line of battle was formed on the third day, has been known, since the battle, by the general name of Cemetery Ridge. The surface between Round Top and Little Round Top, falls away into a depressed ridge. The portion nearest Little Round Top occupied by General Vincent s bri gade, on July 2d, I have called Vincent s Spur C, in honor of the officer who received there his mortal wound. Immediately in front of this is a rocky ravine filled with immense bo\vlders and deep chasms, which served as a natural work of defense during the battle of the second day ; it is now known as the Devil s Den E. Near by is a wheat-field G, an inclosure of several acres, in which w 7 heat was standing uncut when the battle began. It \vas the scene of many fierce encounters, and LOCAL POINTS OF INTEREST. }3 its name will always be identified with the history of the bat tle. At Cemetery Hill the ridge terminates, but the line of bat tle made a sharp turn to the east, and curved in southward again for a short distance, passing over another elevation known as Gulp s Hill. This part of the line is not shown in the painting, but its topography is clearly delineated, and the positions of all the troops are laid down on my Isometrical Drawing of the battle-field. Looking at the ridge from the north, it has the general form of the letter J. A still better if not more familiar comparison, has likened it to a fish-hook ; Hound Top being the head, Cemetery Ridge the shank, Ceme tery Hill the hook or bend, and Gulp s Hill the point. On this curiously curved ridge, and extending from Round Top to Gulp s Hill, was the line of battle of the Union army on July 3d. Only that portion of the line from Round Top to Ceme tery Hill is shown in the painting. Behind and beyond Cemetery Hill a portion of the town of Gettysburg is seen X. Near the town is also seen the Penn sylvania College V, used as a Confederate hospital during and after the battle. Opposite, and about a mile due west from Cemetery Ridge and running parallel with it, is another crest formerly called Oak Ridge, but since the battle known as Seminary Ridge, from the Theological Seminary Q located on it. This crest is cleared and cultivated on its eastern slope, while the western side is generally covered with a growth of hardy timber, form ing an admirable cover for troops. Along the greater part of this ridge, and at its summit, runs a strong stone wall; behind this, and under cover of the woods, the Confederate army formed its line of battle on the second and third days of July. As a defensive line, military minds consider it nearly or quite as strong as that held by the Union troops. The portion of 14 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. Seminary Ridge northwest from the town rises into quite an elevation, known as Oak Hill U. This was the central point of the first day s battle, the 1st corps being to its left, and the llth corps on the right. At the base of Oak Hill, Seminary Ridge is crossed by the Mummasburg turnpike T," leading from the northwest into the town. Further to the south the ridge is intersected by an unfinished railroad s, whose em bankments and cuts formed an admirable protection for the contending forces on the first day of the battle. Seventy-five yards to the left, and parallel to the railroad, runs the Cham- bersburg turnpike R. The Millerstown or Fairfield road P crosses the ridge three hundred yards south of the Chambers- burg turnpike. The Theological Seminary Q is located on the crest between these tw r o roads. Between Cemetery and Seminary ridges runs diagonally an intermediate crest, on which is the Emmettsburg road L. It commences in front of and near Cemetery Hill, and is lost in Seminary Ridge at a distance of two and a half miles. Cemetery Ridge, on which lay the Union army, and Seminary Ridge, on which the Confederates were posted, with this inter mediate ridge (called by some historians Sickles Ridge, because a portion of General SICKLES corps on the second day was engaged here), formed, looking from the north, an inverted letter N ; looking from the position which the artist occu pied, the three ridges form the letter Z- On this inter mediate ridge are several points of interest. Midway between the town X and the intersection of the ridge with Seminary Ridge, is a small brick house, known as Cordora s house K. It marks the place at which, on July 1st, REYNOLDS 1st corps left the Emmettsburg road, and moved diagonally across to Seminary Ridge. It was the scene of severe fighting between portions of GIBBON S Union and ANDERSON S Confederate troops, on July 2d, and around it surged the masses of PICKETT S LOCAL POINTS OF INTEREST. ^5 division in their advance on the Union lines on July 3d. Five hundred yards to the left of this is an apple orchard J, near a farm-house occupied by General HUMPHREYS as head-quarters on July 2d. Further on is another brick house and a peach orchard H, the property of a Mr. Sherfey. Some of the most severe fighting of the battle took place here. Along this ridge, from near Cordora s house K to the peach orchard H. and thence refused through the wheat-field G to Devil s Den E, the line of battle of the 3d corps, General SICKLES, was posted on July 2d. Major-General HUMPHREYS division formed the right of the line, and extended along the ridge nearly to the peach orchard. Major-General BIRNEY S division held the line from the right of the peach orchard to Devil s Den. During the afternoon of July 2d, CALDWELL S division of the 2d corps, and two brigades of BARNES division of the 5th corps, besides two brigades of AYRES division of the 5th corps, and M CAND- LESS S brigade of the 5th corps, were at times engaged along the left of the same line. This intermediate ridge was also occupied on July 3d by a large force of Confederate artillery. In the distance of the picture is seen the line of South Mountain. HAVING thus carefully studied the painting with the aid of the Key, the reader will have before him the topography of the entire field of operations, save those on the right, and will be able to understand the events of each action. " Up from the south, at break of day," on June 30th, BU FORD S cavalry advanced by the Emmettsburg road L, and pass ing through Gettysburg, at noon moved out on the Chambers- burg turnpike R, and bivouacked for the night beyond the western slope of Seminary Ilidge, covering his front from the Fairfield road P on his left, along Oak Hill U to the Harrisburg road on his right. On the same day LEE S corps were advancing by the Chambersburg, Carlisle, and York roads, to concentrate at Gettysburg. Their advanced troops encountered BUFORD S cavalry early on the morning of July 1st; the first gun 164 of the Confederates, posted at Heir s tavern on the Chambersburg road, being responded to by TIDBALLS battery A, 2d U. S. 94 on McPherson s Ridge, and the battle commenced. BUFORD S troops held the Confederates in check until the 1st corps, commanded by Major-General DOUBLED AY (General REYNOLDS commanded the right wing of the army, though personally accompanying the 1st corps), advancing by the Emmettsburg road L, debouched at Cordova s house K, and rapidly crossing the fields, took up a line of battle near the Seminary Q, beyond Seminary Ridge. At a later period in the day, the llth corps advanced likewise from the south, leaving one division under General SiEiNWEim, 120 as a reserve, on Cemetery Hill Z ; the two remaining divisions, under Generals BARLOW and ENGAGEMENT OF FIRST AND ELEVENTH CORPS. ^7 SCHIMMELPHENNIG, took up a position immediately north of the town X. In the woods, to the left and front of the Seminary Q, General REYNOLDS fell. The locality has since been called Reynolds Grove 0. Major-General HOWARD now assumed command of the field, and General SCHURZ of the llth corps. From their positions, these two small corps were driven, after several hours severe fighting, by the corps of HILL and EWELL, who outnumbered them largely. They retired through the town X in some confusion, large numbers being captured during the retreat, but were finally rallied on Cemetery Hill. They were soon after re-enforced by the 12th and 3d corps, and during the night and next day the Army of the Potomac was brought into position along Cemetery Ridge, its right extending to Gulp s Hill, while the Confederate army was drawn up along Seminary Ridge, and in and to the northeast of the town. of % fattlt THE morning of July 2d was occupied by the enemy in reconnoissance, in which he sought the weak point of the Union line. General SICKLES advanced his corps, and occupied the intermediate ridge along which runs the Emmettsburg road L. His line extended from near Cordora s house K through the apple orchard J to the peach orchard H, where turning and leaving the ridge it was refused through the wheat-field G by the Devil s Den E to the foot of Round Top. Against the left of this line HOOD S division of LONGSTREET S corps was hurled about four o clock on the afternoon of July 2d. Its right passed beyond the left of the line, and advancing up the ravine, was checked by VINCENT S brigade of the 5th corps only after reach ing Vincent s Spur C. Generals VINCENT and WEED fell in this desperate struggle. McLAWs division followed immediately on the left of HOOD S, and with HOOD S left brigades, encountered the Union troops in and near the wheat-field G. CALDWELL S division, of the 2d corps, and TILTON S and SWEITZER S brigades, of BARNES divi sion, of the 5th corps, were sent to General BIENEY S assist ance, and were closely engaged on his front ; and subsequently General AYRES, of the 5th corps, with his two brigades of regu lars, advanced to their support. But the line having been pierced at the peach orchard H, the w r hole force was taken in flank, routed, and forced from the position, followed by the Confederate troops ; they were checked, however, by a heavy musketry fire from MCCANDLESS S brigade, of Pennsylvania Reserves, posted on the northern slope of Little Round Top B, ENGAGEMENT ON THE LEFT-CENTER AND RIGHT. 19 and fell back to the wheat-field G, followed by the " Reserves, 1 supported by NEVINS brigade of the 6th corps. In the mean time BARKSDALE S brigade supported by WOFFORD S brigade, both of McLAWs division, had attacked and carried the salient at the peach-orchard H, thus cutting SICKLES line in twain. HUMPHREYS division was attacked on its left and front by BARKSDALE S brigade, followed by WILCOX and WRIGHT S brigades of ANDERSON S division, and BIRNEY S division on its right by McLAw s division, and though re-enforced by the troops from the 2d and 5th corps, as before mentioned, the whole line was forced back to Cemetery Ridge, where the Confederates were repulsed by troops from the 2d and 3d corps (and McCANDLiss s brigade on the left, as before mentioned), and held until ROBINSON S and DOUBLEDAY S divisions of the 1st corps and LOCKWOOD S brigade of the 12th corps had been rapidly formed in prolongation of HANCOCK S line, presenting a barrier which the Confederates hesitated to attack. General SICKLES was severely wounded, losing a leg near the wheat-field G, and the casualties among brigade command ers were unusually heavy: General ZooK 58 and Colonels CROSS 52 and WiLLApj) 4S ~ a were killed. Colonel BROOKE 56 was wounded; and General GRAHAM was wounded near the peach-orchard H, and taken prisoner. The action ended on the left at dusk, with an indefinite advantage for the Confederates. As the day closed, two other attacks of no mean proportions were made on the Union line. One on East Cemetery Hill defended by several batteries, supported by AMES division of the llth corps. HAYES and HOKE S brigades of EARLY S division attacked this position with the greatest fury, capturing WIEDRICK S battery, and spiking two of RICKETT S guns. But were soon afterward driven off by CARROLL S brigade and other troops hurried to the scene. At nearly the same time JOHNSON S division advanced upon the Union line at Gulp s Hill, 2Q GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. which had been held by GEARY S and RUGER S divisions, and LOCKWOOD S brigade of the 12th corps, the whole covered by fine intrenchments. When the 3d corps was driven in on the left, and fears were felt for the safety of the main line, General MEADE directed General SLOCUM, commanding the right wing, to detach a portion of the 12th corps not yet engaged, and send it to that point. General WILLIAMS commanding the corps, moved at once with his own division, temporarily com manded by General RUGER, and LOCKWOOD S brigade, and sub sequently sent for two brigades of GEARY S division, thus leav ing GREENE S brigade alone to hold a line intended to be defended by a whole corps. They had hardly left their works when JOHNSON S division advanced to the attack. The position was stoutly defended by General GREENE S brigade, re-enforced by a few troops from the 1st and llth corps, and against no portion of his line did JOHNSON make any headway, but veering to his left he discovered and occupied the tenantless works just vacated ; although the darkness, which had now come on, prevented him from knowing the full value of his success. He had obtained a foot-hold immediately in the rear of the main line of battle of the Union army, and within a few hundred yards of General MEADE S head-quarters, at which all the corps commanders were in council, with no troops intervening. During the night the position of SICKLES was occupied by General LEE with both artillery and infantry. Still the main line of the Union army had nowhere been penetrated during the day, except at Gulp s Hill. tt-t ffu ^/ W^ /"" / "~/l i rs / /- "7 s-C^? ^-7 Js?/L*-* > G/i*j v ^^/ /s^s ( ^<X ^ -LV c.v/t <^<ru^, L-j> &if / *^{ VJ. -7 ff |e f jfirt $;m of ilje tattle. THE first hours of dawn on July 3d were devoted to driving EWELL from the works seized by him on Gulp s Hill, which was accomplished after a heavy cannonade by the artillery, followed by severe fighting on the part of the 12th corps, re-enforced by General SHALER S brigade of the 6th corps, which lasted several hours. RUGER S division, consisting of McDouGALi/s and COL- GROVE S brigades, which with LOCKWOOD S independent brigade, and CANDY S and KANE S brigades, of GEARY S division, had re turned during the night ; the latter brigade in time to partici pate at the close of the engagement. From this time until one o clock in the afternoon there was no general fighting. General LEE was preparing for the grand assault on which he based his hopes of carrying the Union position, and severing the Union army, sweep it from the field. The Confederates lay mainly along Seminary Ridge, HOOD S division holding the right wing" being advanced to the woods in front of Round Top D. LAW S 13 and ANDERSON S 127 brigades had moved on the 3d to the extreme right to watch KILPAT- RICK S cavalry, 47 with which they w r ere engaged late in the afternoon, beyond and in front of Round Top D. b HOOD S line consisted of LAw s, 130c ROBERTSON S/^ ANDERSON s, 12Te and BEN- NING S 12S/ brigades. General HOOD w r as wounded on the after- a. LONGSTREET S report. 1. Verbal statement of General HOOD. Verbal statement of the officers of the loth Alabama regiment. c. LAW S brigade,!^ 4th, loth, 44th, 47th, and 48th Alabama. d. ROBERTSON S brigade,^ 1st, 4th, and 51st Texas, and 3d Arkansas. e. ANDERSON S brigade,i27 7th, 8th, 9th, llth, and 59th Georgia. /. BENXING S brigade,^ 2d, loth, 17th, and 20th Georgia. 92 GETTYSBURG -DESCRIPTIVE KEY. noon of the 2d, and his division was commanded on the 3d by General HOBERTSON. McLAWS* division on his left, extended northward across the country road leading from the Emmetts- burg road at the peach orchard H, westerly toward Fairfield." His line Consisted of KERSHAW S, 1296 BARKSDALE S, 133C WOFFORD S, 132 ^ and SEMMES ISI * brigades. On McLAWs left was ANDERSON S division, consisting of WiLCOx , 135/ PERRY s, 187 * WRIGHT S,^ PosEY s, 143 * and MAHONE s 145 ^ brigades ; the two former in an advanced position, under orders to cover the right of the assaulting column ; the others remained behind the crest of Seminary Ridge. General PICKETT S division of LOXGSTREET S corps arrived in the field on the morning of July 3d,* and, not having been previously engaged, was selected to form the right wing of the assaulting column/ the left being composed of troops from HILL S corps. PICKETT S division consisted of three brigades of Virginia troops, under Generals KEMPER, 143 m GARNETT, 150 w and ARMiSTEAD. 1530 The two first named formed the front line ; ARMISTEAD held the second. l HETH S division of HILL S corps, commanded by General PETTIGREW/ formed the left wing. ARCHER S 1COJ> brigade, of Tennessee and Alabama troops, com- a. Statement of General WOFFORD. ~b. KERSHAW S brigade, 129 2d, 3d, 7th, 8th, and 15th South Carolina. c. BARKSDALE S brigade, 138 13th, 17th, 18th, and 21st Mississippi. d. "WOFFORD S brigade, 132 16th, 18th, and 24th regiments, COBB S legion, and PHILLIPS legion, Georgia. e. SEMMES brigade, 131 10th, 50th, 51st, and 53d Georgia. /. WILCOX brigade, 135 8th, 9th, 10th, llth, and 14th Alabama. g. PERRY S brigade, 13 " 2d, 5th, and 8th. Florida. h. WRIGHT S brigade, 151 2d, 3d, 22d, 48th, and 2d battalion, Georgia. i. POSEY S brigade, 14 ^ 12th, IGth, 19th, and 48th Mississippi. j. MAHOXE S brigade, 145 6th, 12th, 16th, 41st, and 61st Virginia. &. Statement of Colonel HARRISON, General PICKETT S adjutant-general. Z. LOXGSTREET S report. m, KEMPER S brigade, 143 1st, 3d, 7th, llth, and 24th Virginia. n. GAENETT S brigade, 8th, ]8th, 19th, 28th, and 56th Virginia. o. ARMISTEAD S brigade, 9th, 14th, 38th, 53d, and 57th Virginia. p. ARCHER S brigade, 1 ^ i s t ? 7th, and 14th Tennessee, 5th and 13th Alabama. FORMATION FOR THE ASSAULT. 23 manded by Colonel FRYE, held its right, and joined on GAR- NETT S left. BROCKENBOROUGH S Virginia brigade/ 72 a held the left of PETTIGREW S command, while his own brigade of North Carolinians/ 556 commanded on this occasion by Colonel MAR SHALL, was on the right-center, and DAVIS S Mississippi brigade, 1690 on the left-center. These troops formed the first line of the left wing of the assaulting column. The second line, com manded by Major-General TRIMBLE, formed in rear of PETTI GREW S right/ SCALES North Carolina brigade/ 50 * commanded by Colonel LOURANCE, held its right/ and LANE S North Caro lina brigade/ 61 ff the left. THOMAS S North and McGowAN s South Carolina brigades, of FENDER S division, HILL S corps, had been advanced the night before to a narrow road leading from the town to Bliss buildings N/ and being covered by the intermediate ridge, and in a favorable position to protect the left wing of the assaulting column, remained there, with THOMAS S brigade 1GS * on the right, and McGowAN s brigade/ 71 j commanded by Colonel PERRIN, on the left. On the latter s left, nearer town, was PCAMSEUR S brigade mk of North Carolina troops, and, in succession, the other brigades of RODES division. a. BROCKEXBOROUGH S brigade, 172 40th, 47th, and 55th, and 22d battalion, Virginia. Z>. PETTIGREW S brigade,^ nth, 26th, 47th, and 52d North Carolina. c. DAVIS S brigade, 2d, llth, and 42d Mississippi, and 55th North Carolina. (A large number of the 2d and 42d were taken prisoners at the railroad cut S, on the first day.) d. LOXGSTREET S report. e. SCALES (LOURAXCE S) brigade, 156 13th, 16th, 22d, 34th, and 38th N. Carolina. f. Report of SCALE S brigade. g. LANE S report. LANE S brigade, 16 ? 7th, 18th, 28th, 33d, and 37th North Carolina. h. Burned by order of General HATS just previous to the cannonade. HAYS report. i. THOMAS S brigade, 1 ^ 14th, 35th, 45th, and 49th Georgia. j. McGowAN s brigade, 171 1st, 12th, 13th, 14th, and ORE S Rifles, South Carolina. Jc. RAMSEUR S brigade, 2d, 4th, 14th, and 30th North Carolina. 24 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. The massing of the artillery to cover the grand assault was on a no less formidable scale. Guns were placed on every available position ; which are indicated in the painting by puffs of smoke seen along Seminary Ridge to Oak Hill U ? and in the key by the usual figures." HENRY S battalion of artillery 134 * held the Confederate right, represented in the painting over and beyond the peach orchard H. On his left was ALEXANDER S battalion/ 360 at and in rear of the peach orchard. On the left of ALEXANDER was ESHLEMAN S battalion imd (the Wash ington artillery of New Orleans). Next came BEARING S battalion. 1406 The two last named were within close range of the Union lines, and their fire proved very destructive. They are represented in the painting on the intermediate ridge between Cordora s house K, and the apple orchard J. On the left of BEARING S was CABELL S battalion/ 447 which on the painting is seen beyond and in range of the copse of trees M. POAGUE S battalion ugff was placed next in the line, and in suc cession GARNETT S/ 52 h PEGRAM S/ 57 * LANE s/ 5S a j and a. The batteries in the subjoined reference have been arranged from the reports of the several battalion commanders, and if any have been omitted, it may arise from the fact that they were not written for publication. Z>. HENRY S battalion 134 was composed of REILLY S and LATHAM S batteries (and probably others, though not mentioned in Major HENRY S report). c. ALEXANDER S battalion, 136 composed of MOODY S, TAYLOR S, RHETT S, PARKER S, JORDAN S, and WOOLFOLK S batteries. d. ESHLEMAN S battalion 139 was composed of MILLER S, XORCOM S, and RICHARD- BON S batteries. e. DEARING S battalion 14 was composed of STRIBLING S, MILLER S, MACON S, CASKIE S, and BLOUT S batteries. f. CABELL S battalion 144 was composed of FRAZER S, MANLY S, MCCARTHY S, and CARLTON S batteries. g. POAGTTE S battalion 149 comprised VOZATT S, GRAHAM S, WARD S, and BROOKS batteries. h. GARNETT S battalion. 152 MAURIN S and LEWIS S batteries are the only ones mentioned by name in Lieutenant-Colonel GARNETT S report, though he speaks of nine rifled guns being in position under Major RICHARDSON. i. PEGRAM S battalion, 15 ? comprising MANYE S, BRANDER S, ZIMMERMAN S, and McGRAw s batteries. j. LANE S battalion 15S - a was composed of Ross s, WINGFIELD S, and PATTERSON S batteries, U, {viuF livujC ARRANGEMENT OF ARTILLERY. 25 TOSH S 159 a battalions, and HAPp s, 161 SMITH S. 162 WATSON S, ICS and CUNNINGHAM S 16:j batteries of D ANA S l battalion, which filled the line to the railroad S. On Oak Hill 1) Lieutenant-General A. P. HILL, caused to be planted two Armstrong guns, of RICE S bat tery, MclNTOSii s battalion, which during the battle distributed their bolts from Cemetery Hill Z to Round Top D. In this line the Confederates had nearly 150 guns. c Holding the periphery of the circle, they were enabled by a concentration of fire upon any one point to bring thrice as many guns to bear upon it as could be used in reply. As it was, the Confederate line actual ly held nearly twice as many guns as were in the Union line, which mounted only about 100 pieces/ all that could be placed in position. THE CANNONADE. It was not until one o clock in the afternoon that the dread ful preparations for the attack were completed ; but at that hour at a given signal the preliminary bombardment intended to cover the assault was opened. 6 This cannonading from nearly 250 guns continued uninterruptedly for two hours. a. McIxTOSii s battalion 1 -" 9 was composed of Pace s, JOHNSON S, and HART S batteries. In HART S were two Armstrong guns. 1 " J. DANA S battalion, comprising GRAHAM S, DANA S (Lieutenant CUNNINGHAM commanding), WATSON S, 1C3 S.MiTii s, 162 and HAPP S batteries. 161 c. Report of General PENDLETON, Confederate chief of artillery, corroborated by reports of each artillery battalion commander. d. The report of General HUNT, chief of the Union artillery, gives seventy-five guns on the western crest of Cemetery Ridge, without enumerating those on Cemetery Hill Z- ^lajor OSBORNE S report, chief of the eleventh corps artillery, places in position on the hill the batteries of TAFT, 5th New York (Independent) ; DILGER, I, 1st Ohio; BANCROFT, G, 4th United States; EAKIN, H, 1st United States; WHEELER, 13th New York (Independent); HILL, C, 1st Virginia; and Captain EDGELL, 1st New Hampshire, reports his battery there. Several of these batteries suffered severely during the two previous days, having guns dis abled, and others may not have been engaged all the time ; but I think twenty- five guns a fair estimate, which would increase the number to one hundred. e. PENDLETON S report. 9(3 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. During this terrible duel the Union troops crouched behind their rude breastworks, and such other slight cover as they could find behind outcropping rocks and the undulations of the surface tightly grasping the musket on which they knew they must finally depend. Many caissons a and limbers of artil lery were exploded on both sides, and many, very many casualties occurred, but the destruction of life was not as great as might naturally be expected from such a fearful bombard ment, which has never before been equaled on this continent, if in the world. THE CHARGE AND REPULSE. Finally, at three o clock, P. M., the cannonade ended, and the order was given for the grand assault. PICKETT and PET- TIGREW advanced simultaneously, followed by TRIMBLE S com mand. The gallant conduct of the Confederate troops during this celebrated attack has universally received the highest praise from the Union commanders. 6 PICKETT S Virginia troops were fresh in the field, and much better protected in their advance by the undulations of the surface than those of PETTIGREW on his left, while PETTIGREW and TRIMBLE S commands, the first to break, had suffered the demoralizing disadvan tage of having lost fearfully in the first day s battle. It is not strange that they broke before reaching the Union lines ; the great wonder is that they succeeded in advancing as far as they did. The advance of more than 1,300 yards was not distin guished by that dash and enthusiasm which usually character ises an infantry charge. Slowly but determinedly d they a. See McGiLVEY s brigade,26 on the painting. I. HANCOCK S, HUNT S, HAYS , GIBBONS , WEBB S, NEWTON S, STANNAED S, and other reports. c. LONGSTREET S report. d. Union reports. THE ASSAULT AND REPULSE. 27 moved forward, notwithstanding each man knew every step brought him nearer " the jaws of death." For the first half of the distance a deathly silence reigned, save an occasional shot from some gunner who was not impressed with the awful solemnity of the scene. It was not until half across the plain 1 that they encountered the fire of the Union artillery, but against which, as a man presses against a blinding storm, they moved steadily on as if impelled by a will greater than their own, some mighty, unseen power which they could not resist. Solid shot plowed through their ranks, spherical-case rattled in their midst, and canister swept them by hundreds from the field. Yet on they pressed unflinchingly. Presently the Union infantry opened, and for a moment they staggered, halted, and returned the fire, and then with a wild "yell" they dashed on to their dreadful doom. The left of the column crossed the Emmettsburg road not more than 180 yards from the Union line. This road was inclosed by two stout, high " post and rail " fences, which tended materially to break the line, & but notwithstanding this serious obstruction, and the destructive fire to which they were exposed, the attacking forces still advanced, delivering a rapid and deadly discharge of musketry as they moved. But no troops could resist the fearful fire which opposed them. They could not reach the wall and live. The left wing was the first to break. It was exposed to a raking flank fire of canister, and a heavy front and flank fire of musketry. d Many fled in confu sion to the rear, losing as heavily in their retreat as their ad vance, being followed nearly to the Emmettsburg road by the enthusiastic regiments on the right of HAYS division. a. Reports of General DAYIS, ARCHER S brigade, PETTIGREW S brigade, PEN- DEE S division. b. Eeport of AKCHER S brigade. c. Report of General HATS. d. Report of PETTIGREW S and LANE S brigades. 28 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. Others forced to their right, by the terrible fire on their left a united with the right wing still advancing, 6 and finally joined it in its attack on WEBB S front, while thousands threw down their arms and came quietly in as prisoners, where they had vainly tried to go as victors. The right wing was partially covered in its advance by Cordora s house K, and several rocky knolls covered with low scrub-oak growth, behind which the troops re-formed, and finally advanced on WEBB S line. c His center was broken and his guns captured, but the captors soon found themselves captives. All who crossed the wall in WEBB S front remained either dead, dying, or prisoners. The Union troops by a simultaneous attack closed in upon the assaulting column, and captured all \vho did not seek safety in flight/ Thousands threw themselves on the ground for protec tion from the terrible fire which hemmed them in, or held up a. Report of Colonel SAWYER, 8th Ohio volunteers. b. Report of General HANCOCK. c. Reports of HANCOCK, HUNT, GIBBON, WEBB, HABEOW, etc. See WEBB S letter. d. Considerable effort has been made to discover who first ordered a flank at tack, but it will probably be shown that the necessity for it was apparent to every military mind, and that the startling exigencies of the emergency prompted them to its execution. General HANCOCK in his official report says: "Passing at this time, Colonel DETEBEUX, commanding the 19th Massachusetts volunteers, anxious to be in the right place, applied to me for permission to move his regiment to the right and front, where the line had been broken. I granted it, and his regi ment and Colonel MALLON S 42d New York volunteers on his right proceeded there at once." In the winter of 1863, while visiting the army, I was told by the com manding officer of the 19th Maine volunteers, that General GIBBON was wounded while directing that regiment to wheel out of line to give a flank fire (it subse quently retired from its right, and attacked the enemy in connection with the 19th Massachusetts and 42d New York). I have in my possession a private letter from Lt. W. E. BAEEOWS of Colonel II ALL S staff, bearing on its face unmistakable evidence of truth, stating that Colonel HALL sent him to General XEWTON with a request for troops to put in on the enemy s flank. General HANCOCK in his report speaks of having sent an order to General STANNAED to throw two of his regiments on the enemy s right, while it is a well-known fact that General STANNAED directed the same movement before receiving the order. Subsequently Major MITCHELL, of General HANCOCK S staff, issued a similar order on his own responsibility, in his chiefs name, and was surprised a moment after to see General HANCOCK lying wounded on the ground before him. Thus it will be seen that proof is conclusive that tbe same happy thought originated simultaneously in several minds. WILCOX ATTACK. 29 their hands in token of surrender." By four o clock the repulse was complete and the victory won. General ANDER SON 14J ordered up WRIGHT S brigade 151 to attack as a relief to PICKETT, but General LONGSTREET 141 directed him to stop the movement, remarking " that it was useless and would only involve unnecessary loss, the assault having failed." & General LONGSTREET then ordered General WRIGHT, with all his officers and a portion of his own staff, to rally and col lect the scattered troops behind ANDERSON S division.^ In the assault General GARNETT 15 had been killed, General AiiMiSTEAD/ 46 and it was thought General KEMPER, 143 were mortally wounded ; Generals TRIMBLE 15S and PETTiGREW, 155 commanding divisions, Colonels FEYE, MARSHALL, and LOUR- ANCE, brigade commanders, and thousands of others lay bleed ing on the field. Color-bearers and color-guards had fallen, and twenty-seven of their blood-stained flags remained in the hands of the victors. General WILCOX command 185 181 continued to advance on PICKETT S right, and as he passed BEARING S artillery ]4 and saw nothing of PICKETT : S column, which had been literally obliterated, he supposed it had pierced the Union lines, now enveloped in smoke, and passed over the crest."* Soon he learned his mistake. His men finding themselves the center of a cross-fire of artillery from the flanks, 1 26 59 122 * and a front fire of musketry from the 14th Vermont volunteers, 50 dashed madly forward, and with the instinct of old soldiers a. General HANCOCK S report. I. General LONGSTREET S report. c. General HANCOCK in his report says : " Each division has been credited with the number of flags actually turned in, and for which receipts are held, making the aggregate twenty-seven. There were undoubtedly thirty-three colors captured, the balance having been secreted as individual trophies." d. Report of Generals LONGSTREET and WILCOX, with a verbal explanation from each of them. e. See General WILCOX report. 30 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. sought the cover of a rocky ravine filled with trees and undergrowth. The 16th Vermont volunteers 63 moved down this ravine, supported by four companies of the 14th Vermont, 50 and attacking WILCOX in flank, captured a large part of his command, particularly from the Florida brigade, while the re mainder fell back. This was the closing scene of the most daring military movement recorded in modern warfare. rtiott of \t Jaintht. IT is the exciting scene of the repulse which the proprietor has chosen for illustration, and which Mr. WALKER has so accu rately and graphically represented. A word of explanation is here due the artist who has executed this painting. It differs materially from ordinary scenes of this kind. Usually, the painter, having a few leading incidents of a battle in his mind, clothes the picture with the mystery of color and effect, and gives an imaginary, rather than a literal rendition of the sub ject. But, in the production of this picture, Mr. WALKER has endeavored to weave into an harmonious whole, the prominent incidents and episodes of this portion of the battle, and has never resorted to fiction, when truth would do as well. No stretch of the imagination has been indulged in. The material for its composition has been furnished him by me and arranged under my direction, and should any mistakes have been made, they are mine ; not his. a The artistic rendering of the subject is due to the genius of Mr. WALKER ; that the execution is highly artistic, in spite of the fact that effect has been sacrificed in many instances to accuracy, the ablest art critics have acknowledged. It was the earnest desire and purpose of the proprietor of this painting to avoid the stereotyped style of battle pictures a. Allow me to say to the reader that I shall esteem it a favor if any participant in the battle will point out to me any error in the position of the troops, or in the accompanying description of their movements ; that the former may be corrected on the EXGEAYIXG, and the latter in the text before the publication of my history of the battle ; as it is my earnest desire to publish a strictly accurate account of the engagement. 32 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. taught us in our earliest school-books arid other illustrated works, arid kept up during the war by the illustrated papers, and not unfrequently indulged in even now by some would-be battle-scene painters of the present day. Such pictures and paintings, in which giants in stature struggle in fierce hand-to- hand conflicts, bayoneting, or dashing each other s brains out, rwy possibly resemble the conflicts of the middle ages ; certain ly they do not illustrate the general features of modern battles. Isolated instances of men beiiio; bayoneted may have occurred, / */ there is only one which now occurs to me (that of the death of Colonel JEFFERS, of the Fourth Michigan volunteers, bayo neted while defending his colors against the attack of WOF- FORD S brigade, on the evening of July 2) on record, in the re ports of the battle of Gettysburg ; but such rare occurrences do not form an entire battle, and no artist is warranted in thus educating the public into a false idea of modern battles. My purpose has been to present a truthful representation of an American battle, with American soldiers contending, as they did actually contend. It was also my desire that the troops of no one State should receive any undue prominence ; and, in the painting, all are represented with equal fairness. When General LEE called for troops to storm the heights of Gettysburg, the sons of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Texas, responded, and moved shoulder to shoulder to the assault. And, when the na tion s life was thus assailed, her defenders from every Northern State sprang to the rescue ; and mingled their blood in one com mon cause. Side by side, New York and Massachusetts charged on the foe ; the sons of Maine and Minnesota, Connecticut and Pennsylvania, New Jersey and Delaware, New Hampshire and Vermont, Ohio and Michigan, Rhode Island and Maryland, Illinois and Wisconsin, Indiana and West- Virginia, together FOREGROUND OF THE PAINTING. 33 rushed to the threatened point. In a word, the sons of every Union-loving State, and of every European liberty-loving na tionality, rallied under the banner, and are equally entitled to representation in this great National Painting of the culmina ting struggle at Gettysburg. The success of the effort I respectfully submit to the vet erans of the Army of the Potomac. In the selection of a foreground for this painting, I chose the point of station from which to best represent this scene ; and, also, to give the best portrait of the field in such a clear manner, that the brave men who fought on the several days of the battle might point out the localities of their various en gagements. The observer is supposed to be elevated in rear of Cemetery Ridge, and looking westward toward the Confeder ate position. In the immediate foreground of the painting are represented the colors of WEBB S 85a and HALL S 805 brigades, with the color- guard and head-quarters horses. The group at the immediate left is formed of the figures of Brigadier-General ARMISTEAD 146 and Lieutenant-Colonel MARTIN, 147 of the Confederate army, Captain BiNGHAM, 75 judge-advocate, on Major-General HANCOCK S staff, and the men who have been bearing the wounded general to the rear. General ARMISTEAD was among the first to leap the stone wall at the Union line. 84 As he did so, he drew his sword, placed his hat upon its point, raised it aloft and cried, " Boys, we must use the cold steel ; who will follow me ?" Lieutenant- Colonel MARTIN of the 53d Virginia and a few score of men a. 69th/s 71st, S9 72d,&3 and 106th Pennsylvania volunteers. The latter regiment, except one company, was ordered to report to Major- General HOWARD, at the Cemetery, on the night of the 2d, where it remained until the close of the battle. &. 7th Michigan, 69 19th and 20th Massachusetts, 71, cs 42(1 and 59th New York volunteers. "3, 67 3 34 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. sprang after him over the wall. They advanced but a few paces wheil they were shot down ; ARMISTEAD mortally, and MARTIN seriously wounded. General ARMISTEAD surrendered his sword and pistols to Captain BANES, SS of General WEBB S staff, who directed him to be carried to the rear. He was soon after met by Captain BIXGHAM, of General HANCOCK S staff, just returning from having a wound dressed at the hospital. Seeing the prisoner to be an officer of rank, and evidently suffering and nearly exhausted, he proffered his assistance. General ARMISTEAD gave his watch and spurs to Captain BIXGHAM, requesting him to send them to his friends through General HANCOCK." (See Painting.) To the right of the central group so S5 is seen the figure of Major-General GEORGE G. MEADE, O the commander-in-chief of the Army of the Potomac, accompanied by his son, and 1st Lieut. E. E. McKENZiE. 6 When the assault began he was at Major-General SLOCUM S head-quarters, on Power s Hill, a half mile to the rear, near Gulp s Hill, but reached this position on the field as it was repulsed. c Major MiTCiiELL, 86 aid-de-camp to Major-General HANCOCK, met him/ z and reported that officer a. I learned the full particulars of this assault from Lieutenant-Colonel R. W. MAETIN, while he was lying wounded in the hospital at Gettysburg, including the movements of General AEMISTEAD with whom he advanced engaged in conver sation, from Seminary Ridge. From Captain BANES of General WEBB S staff, I gathered the particulars of his surrender. Captain BANES received his sword and pistols (which had not been fired), and sent him to the rear of the line, where he was met by Captain HENEY H. BINGIIAM, judge-advocate, on General HANCOCK S staff. From Captain BINGIIAM, I derived full particulars of his interview with General AEMISTEAD. After receiving the valuables which General ARMISTEAD wished to send to his family and a private message, he directed him to be taken to a hospital in the rear. I subsequently met D. G. BEINTON, surgeon, in charge of the 2d division, llth corps s hospital, who dressed his w r ounds. Doctor BEIN- TON said he was very much depressed in spirits, though neither of his wounds were mortal ; one being in the leg below the knee, and the other, a flesh-wound in the arm. Notwithstanding which he died two days afterward. Z>. General WEBB S letter, and aiso Major-General MEADE S letter. c. See Major-General MEADE S letter, in the Appendix. d. Major MITCHELL S letter, in the Appendix. HANCOCK AND GIBBON. 35 seriously wounded. He also bore a report of the state of the enira^ement from General HANCOCK. o O General HANCOCK was with CALDWELL S division, 23 at the extreme left of his line, when the cannonade began. He rode during this terrible firing along his entire front to WOODRUFF S battery 110 on his right. He knew with the instinct of a true soldier what was to follow the bombardment, and he exhorted his officers and men to be in readiness to resist the grand assault. Returning toward the left, while passing the right of the 14th Vermont volunteers, 50 of STANNARD S brigade, he received a serious wound. He is seen 49 in the painting falling from his horse near the left of STANNARD S works. a He was caught in the arms of Lieutenants HOOKER and BENEDICT, of General STANDARD S staff; & and General STANXARD SI himself, with admirable dexterity, stanched the blood from the terrible wound in the groin, or otherwise he would have soon bled to death/ as the surgeons were of course in the rear, and one could not for some time be found. But General HANCOCK peremp torily refused to be taken from the field until the contest was decided. General GIBBON was seriously wounded in the arm about the same time that HANCOCK fell.^ He was in front of the 19th Maine volunteers, 64 of HARROW S brigade, when he was shot, attempting to wheel those troops out of the line to deliver a flank fire on PICKETT S column. He was taken from the field by Captain WESSELLS of his staff. 41 6 WEBB S brigade is represented immediately in advance of General MEADE. 90 It had been in position at the stone wall ^ in its front, its left, the 69th Pennsylvania volunteers, 78 rest- a. HANCOCK S report. Spot located on the field by General HANCOCK. J. STANNARD S report. c. Private letters of Lieutenant BENEDICT of General STANDARD S staff. d. GIBBON S report. e. Verbal statement of General GIBBON. 36 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. ing opposite the copse of trees M, the line extending to the right along the stone wall to the angle, 91 with two companies of the 71st Pennsylvania volunteers 95 at a wall, which is re tired fifty yards from the right of the advanced line. The 72d Pennsylvania volunteers S8 lay in a second line to the right and rear of the copse M. The guns of CUSHING S battery were at first in position ST on the crest between WEBB S two lines, where GUSHING was severely wounded, but refused to leave the field. When PICKETT advanced, he ran three of his pieces down to the wall where they are seen S2 in the painting, and with double shotted guns swept his front with canister, opening great gaps in the ranks of the attacking lines. While directing their fire he was shot in the mouth and instantly killed. Some of his men bore his body to the rear, as seen in the painting. 76 PICKETT S column after it had been turned aside from its at tack on STANNARD S brigade fell on WEBB S brigade. General WEBB, seeing the necessity for re-enforcements, had meantime hurried back to the 72d Pennsylvania volunteers, 83 in his 2d line, to bring them into action ; but the Confeder- ates had advanced with the impetuosity of the whirlwind. In a moment the center of WEBB S front line, held by a portion of the 71st Pennsylvania Volunteers, 89 was swept from its position at the wall, 84 which was instantly seized by the assailants, though the blackened clothes of many of the dead showed that a portion at least of the regiment had remained until pushed from their position by sheer force of numbers. The importance of the admirable disposition of the two right companies 95 of the 71st Pennsylvania volunteers was now apparent. From their retired position, lying securely protected behind a stone wall within point-blank range, they, with the left of HAYS divi sion, 99 101 102 opened a deadly cross-fire, effectually preventing an approach upon their works. All attempts of General WEBB, assisted by the remaining officers of the regiment and by his WEBB S AND HALL S BRIGADES. 37 adjutant-general, Captain BANES, 88 Lieutenant HASKELL 92 of Gen eral GIBBON S staff,. and Captain PARKER 93 of General HANCOCK S staff, to bring forward the second line failed. Colonel BAXTER, of the 72d Pennsylvania, had been badly wounded the previous evening, and the regiment had suffered severely in officers and men during the cannonade; they opened however a heavy fire of musketry from the crest, which contributed very materially to the repulse of the attack. Failing to secure the advance of the 72d. General WEBB hurried again to the 69th Pennsyl vania volunteers, 78 which he found still fighting manfully, and holding its own on the left although numbers of Confederates had already gained the copse of trees in their rear. This regi ment lost heavily in officers and men, Colonel O KANE and Lieutenant-Colonel SCHUDY were killed and Major DUFFY was wounded. Colonel HALL S brigade is represented massing on General WEBB S left ; its gallant leader can be seen directing its move ments. 77 " It had been formed on a prolongation of WEBB S lines, with three regiments in the front line, protected by a slight work of earth and rails, and two in the second line, on the left of RORTY S battery, 45 which occupied the crest, BROWN S battery 43 had been in position between HORTY S and GUSHING s. 876 As General HANCOCK rode in front of the 19th Massachu setts, which, with the 42d New York volunteers, formed HALL S second line, Colonel DEVEREUX of the former regiment went to a. The above account has been abstracted from General WEBB S report, and a private letter in my possession written by him to his wife two days after the bat tle, the whole arrangement Raving been made on the canvas, at my request, by General WEBB, assisted by several members of his staff; the painting being finished by his approval after revisiting the field at Gettysburg. l>. I have in my possession a diagram drawn by Colonel HALL, showing the positions of his regiments, and previous to his deatli he visited Mr. WALKER S studio, and with other officers of his command, superintended their arrangement on the painting. 38 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. him and asked permission to move up and engage the troops then advancing on WEBB. Receiving permission to do so, a these two regiments 71> 73 hurried to WEBB S relief, as seen in the painting, passing in rear of the copse of trees M ; and imme diately afterward Colonel HALL ordered the 7th Michigan 69 and 20th Massachusetts 6S to " break from their right to the rear " and move rapidly to the same place, which was done with re markable promptness, during which Lieutenant-Colonel STEELE, commanding the 7th Michigan, was killed. The 59th New York volunteers 6T remained at the works in the front line, 6 and HARROW S brigade, with the 20th New York S. M., 5T and the 151st Pennsylvania volunteers 54 followed the course of HALL S regiments, and charged up to the trees, the two latter regiments passing in front of them. During this movement regimental organizations were completely lost ; the colors were pushed indiscriminately to the front followed by the enthusiastic men/ The 13th and 16th Vermont volunteers, of STAXXARD S brigade, moved to their right, " changed front forward," and opened fire on PICKETT S right flank. 62 G3 - HARROW S brigade, composed of the 82d New York, 60 19th Maine, 64 loth Massachusetts, 61 and 1st Minnesota volunteers, 60 occupied a position on the left of HALL S front line, with the 20th New York S. M., 57 and the 151st Pennsylvania volunteers 54 (of the 1st brigade, 3d division, 1st corps, General ROWLEY) on its left ; in the painting all of these troops are seen moving up to WEBB S support/ The position occupied by BROWN S battery a. General HANCOCK S report. This movement was fully explained on the field at Gettysburg, in the summer of 1869, by General WEBB, Colonels DEVEREUX and BAXTER, Captain BANES, and many other officers of rank engaged in the immediate vicinity. 5. Statement of Colonel HALL. See Colonel MACY S letter, also report of 59th New York volunteers. c. See reports of General HARROW, and also reports of 15th Massachusetts, 1st Minnesota volunteers, 20th New York State militia, and 151st Pennsylvania volun teers. d. Generals GIBBON S and HARROW S reports. FLANK ATTACK OX THE LEFT. 39 B, 1st Rhode Island, 48 has been vacated/* but RORTY S battery B, 1st New York, 45 is represented at the left and rear of HARROW S brigade. Still further to the left is THOMAS S battery C, 4th U. S., 2G and McGiLVERY s brigade of reserve artillery 26 (1st brigade), composed of THOMPSON S G and F, Pennsyl vania (independent), PHILLIPS 5th Massachusetts, HART S 15th New York (independent), STERLING S 1st Connecticut, COOPER S B, 1st Pennsylvania, Dow s 6th Maine, and AMES G, New York, batteries/ while further yet is the 5th corps artillery, under its chief, Captain MARTIN, of which RITTENHOUSE S bat tery D, 5th U. S., 3T is engaged on Little Round Top B. d STANNARD S brigade is represented immediately over and in front of HARROW S brigade, and at right angles to it; the right of its line, the 13th Vermont volunteers, 6 2 has ceased firing to allow prisoners to pass to the rear. It had been in position fifty yards in advance of HARROW S left, and lay along a slight earth-work with one regiment 50 to the left of the clump of trees, where it remained when the others moved. The right of LONGSTREET S column of attack was aimed toward this brigade, and continued to advance until it reached the flat ground in its front, when receiving a sweeping flank fire from McGiL- VERY S brigade of artillery, 26 e and possibly discovering the formidable front presented by STANNARD S brigade, supported by the balance of DOUBLEDAY S division 10 in its rear, it veered off to the Union right, and advanced upon WEBB S brigade/ Immediately STANNARD S whole brigade rose from a. Captain HAZARD S report. 5. General HUNT S and Major McGiLVERY s reports. c. General HUNT S and Captain MARTIN S reports. d. Lieutenant HAZLETT, commander of this battery, was killed the evening before. e. Major MCGILVERY S report; report of SCALE S brigade; General LANE S report. /. General XEWTON S report; General STANDARD S report; Colonel GATES report (20th New York State militia). 40 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. its works and poured a murderous fire upon PICKETT S right flank. ARNOLD S battery A, 1st Rhode Island/ 13 had been in position on the crest at the right of CUSIIING S battery A, 4th U. S., 87 but having been seriously disabled, it is represented 113 retiring from the field, drawn off by the men. & On the right of this battery lay HAYS command, 3d division, 2d corps. The 2d brigade, SMYTH S, composed of the 14th Connecticut," 1st Delaware, 101 12th New Jersey, 102 and 108th New York volunteers, 108 was at the stone wall; and the 10th New York volunteers acting as provost guard ; and to its right was the 3d brigade, SIIERRILL S, C composed of the 125th, 102 - a lllth, 105 - a 126th, 105 and 39th New York volun teers, 106 with its left overlapping SMYTH, and its right extending beyond ^ Bryan s house W. General HAYS, IO stripped to the shirt, is seen bringing up and fighting his troops. 6 Colonel SMYTH 104 was wounded by an exploding shell, as shown near Bryan s house. Beyond the house in the grove, Colonel SHER- RiLL 109 is being borne, mortally wounded, from the field/ Immediately in front of HAYS division, and at right angles to it, is the 8th Ohio volunteers 93 of CARROLL S brigade/ It a. " The 12th and 15th Vermont volunteers of this brigade wore detached at Emraettsburg by order of Major-General REYNOLDS to guard the corps train. " Lieutenant BENEDICT, aid-de-camp to General STANNARD. &. General HUNT S and Captain HAZARD S reports. c. "When the battle commenced this brigade was commanded by Colonel WILLAED, 125th New York volunteers, who was killed on the evening of the 2d. After the death of Colonel SHERRILL it was commanded by Colonel MoDoiiGALL, lllth New York volunteers, who was wounded, and the command fell on Lieu tenant-Colonel BULL, 126th New York volunteers. d. See reports of General HAYS , also reports of lllth and 126th New York volunteers. e. Statements of Captain WM. C. SAVILLE of Colonel SMYTH S staff. /. General HAYS report and verbal statements of subordinate officers. g, 1st brigade, 3d division, 2d corps, composed of the 4th and 8th Ohio, 7th Virginia (Union), and 14th Indiana volunteers. Colonel CARROLL was ordered to report to Major-General HOWARD on the evening of the 2d with three regiments, where he remained until the close of the battle. FLANK ATTACK ON THE RIGHT. 4]_ had been on the skirmish line with its reserves on the Ein- mettsburg road. When PETTIGREW advanced on its left, Colonel SAWYER, instead of foiling back, " changed front forward on left company," and opened fire." WOODRUFF S battery I, IstU. S., 110 was engaged in the grove at the right of Bryan s house W. Its commander, after having won the encomiums of his superiors for the gallantry and efficiency with which he served his guns, was, at the moment of victory/ stricken down 111 in death. On the right, General ROBINSON 114 is seen moving his com mand, 2d division, 2d corps, up to the support of General HAYS, C Colonel COULTER S brigade 112 d having the advance, followed by General BAXTER S brigade. 117e General HOWARD 119 ordered this movement to be covered by SMITH S brigade, 115 - 7 * which opened a brisk fire of musketry. At the same time the skirmish line of General SCHURZ S 120-a division (3d), llth corps, nobly engaged the sharp-shooters of HODES division in the edge of the town/ The artillery on Cemetery Hill Z, under Major OsBORNE, 122 chief of artillery of the llth corps, is seen on the right of the picture, pouring volleys of canister into the flank of the assault ing column/ 4 a. Reports of Colonel SAWYER, 8tli Ohio volunteers, and General LANE, North Carolina brigade. See Appendix. 1. Captain HAZARD S report. See Appendix. c. See General NEWTON S report. d. 1st brigade, COULTER S, was composed of the 107th Pennsylvania, 94th and 104th New York, IGth Maine, and 13th Massachusetts volunteers. e. 2d brigade, BAXTER S, was composed of the 97th and 83d New York, 12th Massachusetts, and 88th and 90th Pennsylvania volunteers. Positions and explana tions given by Generals Romxsox and COULTER, on the field at Gettysburg. f. 2d brigade, 2d division, llth corps, 115 composed of the 55th and 73d Ohio, 130th Now York, and 33d Massachusetts volunteers, of STEIXWEIIR S 12 (2<1) divi sion, llth corps. The 33d Massachusetts volunteers were detached from the bri gade, and were in position on the right of the corps. g. Reports of General SCHURZ and General RODES. h. Reports of Generals HOWARD and STEINWELIR, and Major OSBORXE. 42 GETTYSBURGDESCRIPTIVE KEY. Prominent in the right foreground is WHEELER S New York battery, 107 which is going to the front, two guns having already opened/ 1 A large number of prisoners are seen 174 coming in imme diately on WHEELER S right, 6 beyond which two guns of WIER S battery 125 C, 5th U. S., under Sergeant TREVOR, are going into position. Colonel MORGAN, 116 chief of General HANCOCK S staff, has brought up MARTIN S 118 (F, 5th U. S.) and BUTLER S 124 (G, 2d U. S.) regular batteries from the 6th corps artillery/ Colonel ToMPKiNS, 121 chief of the 6th corps artillery, with the remaining batteries led by MCCARTNEY S Massa chusetts, 123 is on the Taneytown road Y (at the right of the painting), directing the relief of batteries on Cemetery Hill/ Captain HAZARD, 70 chief of the 2d corps artillery, the mounted officer in the center of the left foreground, is direct ing Captain COWAN 6o where to place the battery 59 which he has brought up to his assistance. The spirited figure going to the front beyond Lieutenant Cushing, 76 is Captain FARRELL, U Company C, 1st Minnesota volunteers. He commanded the division provost-guard which had been deployed in rear of the line. When the front lino was penetrated he assembled his men (those wearing hats 7 - in rear of WEBB S and HALL S brigades), and led them into the breach. He was killed, and a large proportion of his men were killed or wounded/ To the left of General WEBB SI is seen General HUNT, chief of artillery of the Army of the Potomac. His horse a. See General WEBB S report. J. See General MEADE S letter. c. See General HUNT S report. Statement of General WEBB and Captain HAZAED. d. See Colonel MORGAN S letter. Statement of Lieutenant BUTLER. e. Statement of Colonel TOMPKIXS. See Colonel MORGAN S letter. /. Colonel COLVILLE S letter. LEFT FOREGROUND. 43 was killed at that point ; and, after extricating himself, he went into the engagement with his revolvers." In the left foreground of the painting, COWAN S New York (independent) battery 59 is represented going into position, to the left of which is BROWN S battery, B, 1st Hhode Island, 486 coming out, having exhausted its ammunition. Immediately over this is the figure of General GIBBON , 41 passing wounded to the rear, one of his staff-officers is seen conveying the division colors 5 to General HARROW. 80 At the extreme left, FITZHUGH S battery, K, 1st New York, is going to the front/ and over and beyond this, Major-General BiRNEY, 3 commanding 3d corps, and Brigadier-General WARD/ commanding his 1st division, are represented. In their rear are three regiments (the 3d Maine, 20th Indiana, and 99th Pennsylvania) of WARD S brigade, sent to the support of General WEBB/ Colonel BERDAN, T their brigade commander, is moving up in their front/ The infantry represented on this part of the field, was held in reserve, and was not actively engaged in the repulse of the assaulting columns, though it suffered severely from the cannonade. Major-General NEWTON, ]O commanding 1st corps, and Ma jor-General DouBLEDAY, 10 commanding his 3d division, with their staff-officers, are immediately beyond General BIRNEY. S a. I visited the field with General HUXT, and at my request, he pointed out the spot where his horse was shot. See Captain COWAX S letter. l>. General HUNT S and Captain HAZAED S reports. c. Statement of General GIBUOX. d. FITZIIOGII S report. e. Major-General BIRNEY S letter : "Three of my regiments 3d Maine, 99th Pennsylvania, and 20th Indiana volunteers were sent to support General WKUH. General J. II. HOHAKT WAKI> commanded my 1st division, and Colonels II. J. M.UMLL, II. BKUDAX, and EEGIS DK TIIOBRIAND, commanded his three brigades. Signed D. B. BIRNEY, Major-General commanding 3d corps." /. 2d brigade, 1st division, 3d corps 3d and 4th Maine, 20th Indiana, 80th and 124th New York, and 99th Pennsylvania volunteers, and the 1st and 2(1 regiments U. S. sharp-shooters. 44 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. The brigade commanders of this division are in the vicinity. a Brigadier-General RowLEY, 11 of the 1st brigade, 5 is repre sented to their right; and over him, Colonel DANA/ com mand the 2d brigade; while to the right and front of ROWLEY is General HARROW and staff, 8 1st brigade, 2d divi- O " sion, 2d corps, to whom the colors of the 2d division are being borne. 5 On the next ridge beyond and to the left of Colonel DANA/ are Colonels DE TROBRIAND and MADILL, IS commanding the 3d d and lst e brigades, 1st division, 3d corps. Moving up in the rear of these troops is PARSONS battery, A, 19 " a 1st New Jersey, which, with K, 1st New York, 1 were brought up by Captain FITZHUGH/ Further to the left, and near the extreme left of the paint ing, Brigadier-General EusTis 12 has just moved up with his command ; 2d brigade/ 3d division, 6th corps. Beyond, and to the left of EUSTIS, is General SIIALELI U with the 1st brigade/ 1 3d division, 6th corps/ To the right of SiiALEii/ 4 and on the same parallel, is Brigadier-General CARu/ 9 b and his staff, commanding 1st bri gade/ 2d division, 3d corps. Immediately beyond CARR is his superior officer, Major- General HUMPHREYS/ commanding 2d division, 3d corps. Of General HUMPHREYS other brigade commanders, Colonel BREW- a. For a detailed account of the formation of this part of the line, see General NEWTON S report. The 1st division, 1st corps, General WADSWOKTII, was on Gulp s Hill, and is not seen on this painting. I. 121st, 142d, and 151st Pennsylvania volunteers, and the 20th New York S. M. 5 ~ c. 143d, 149th, and 150th Pennsylvania volunteers. d. 3d and 5th Michigan, 17th Maine, 40th New York, and 110th Pennsylvania.^ e. 57th, 63d, 68th, 105th, and 141st Pennsylvania volunteers. 13 f. PARSONS and FITZIIUGH S reports. g. 2d Rhode Island, 7th, 10th, and 37th Massachusetts volunteers. 12 li. 65th, 67th, and 122d New York, 23d and 82d Pennsylvania volunteers. 14 i. See General SEDGWICK S report. j. 1st, llth, and 16th Massachusetts, llth New Jersey, 12th New Hampshire. and 26th Pennsylvania volunteers. 19 1 * POSITION OP TROOPS ON THE LEFT. 45 STEii, 21 commanding 2d brigade," is seen immediately to the right, while Colonel BuRLiNG, 19 commanding 3d brigade/ is to the left and on the next ridge. Directly to the right of BuRLiNG, 19 and in front of the grove, is represented Brigadier-General CALDWELL, 28 commanding 1st division, 2d corps, with his four brigade commanders : Colonels FiiAZER, 22 3d brigade;* McKEEXE, 27 1st brigade/ KELLY, 26 a 2d brigade/ and BROOKE, 28 4th brigade. 17 Major McGiLVERY, commanding 1st brigade artillery reserve, is with the artil lery 20 at CALDWELL S right, and in the open field beyond are shown, from left to right, Brigadier-General ToRBERT, 24 1st brigade/ 1st division, 6th corps, and Brigadier-General WRIGHT, 25 1st division, 6th corps, with their staff officers. Immediately to the right of these groups, and in front of the grove, is Brigadier-General BARNES, 31 commanding 1st division, a. 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, and 5th Excelsior, and 120th New York volunteers. 21 I. 2d New Hampshire, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th New Jersey, and 115th Pennsyl vania volunteers. 19 c. Extract from General HUMPHREYS report : "My division was moved rapidly to the right and formed in mass (20) in rear and support of the left of the 2d corps (CALDWELL S division). (23) * * * Several batteries being in position in rny front." (26) Extract from private letter: " I have placed the position of each of my brigades in pencil on the map that is the position they occu pied on the afternoon of July 3. My first brigade was commanded by Brigadier-General J. B. CARR(19-b). My second by Colonel WILLIAM R. BREWSTER (21), and my third by Colonel GEORGE C. BURLIXG (19). "A. A. HUMPHREYS, Major-General United States Volunteers, " Commanding second division, third corps." d. 52d, 57th, and 66th New York, and 140th Pennsylvania volunteers. 22 e. 5th New Hampshire, 61st New York, 81st and 148th Pennsylvania volun teers. 2 " /. 28th Massachusetts, 63d, 69th, and 88th New York (consolidated), and the 116th Pennsylvania volunteers. 26 ^ g. 2d Delaware, 27th Connecticut, 64th New York, 53d and 145th Pennsylvania volunteers. 2 ^ The positions of CALDWELL S four brigades were given me by each of its brigade commanders, corroborated by General CALDWELL while visiting the Army of the Potomac. The three last lay at the works between the guns of McGiLVERY s artillery; 29 the other (Colonel FRAZER S) 22 ] a y behind an old stone wall in the second line. The whole arrangement was subsequently pointed out and explained to me on the field by Colonel BROOKE. 23 h. 1st, 2d, 3d, and 15th New Jersey volunteers. 24 46 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. 5th corps ; Colonel SwEiTZEii; 31 commanding his 2d brigade," 1 and Colonel RiCE, 81 commanding his 3d brigade/ A half mile to the right of these, near the wheat-field G, lay McCANDLESs s brigade, 53 c of CRAWFORD S division, of Pennsylvania He- serves, 3d division, 5th corps ; while midway between, and in front of Little Round Top B, was Brigadier-General "\Vni-: ATON s 85 head-quarters, 3d division, 6th corps, with Brigadier-General BAETLETT s 88 ^ and Colonel KEVINS 40e brigades of his divi sion. The formation of the ground did not admit of repre senting on the painting the head-quarters and troops of these commands, or those to the left of this part of the line; but their locality is indicated on the Key. The line from this point was continuous to the summit of Hound Top D, passing over Little Round Top B. From there it was refused to the left nearly a mile, crossing the Taneytown road A, and may be indicated on the painting by the line of forest to the left of Round Top. The head-quarters of Major General SvKKS, 29 com manding 5th corps, and Major-General SEDGWiCK, 29 command ing the 6th corps, were together 29 in rear of the posterior slope of Little Round Top B, and beyond the grove, which separated them from General TORBERT S head-quarters . 24/ Brigadier- General AriiES, 82 commanding 2d division, 5th corps, held Little Round Top B. Colonel GARRARD, 36 commanding his 3d a. 4th Michigan, 62d Pennsylvania, 9th and 32<1 Massachusetts volunteers. 31 The 9th Massachusetts was detached from the brigade and lay on Round Top D. 1). 16th Michigan, 44th New York, 83d Pennsylvania, and 20th Maine volun teers. 31 Colonel VIXCEXT had been killed the evening previous. c. 1st, 2d, and 6th regiments of Pennsylvania Reserves, and the 1st Rifles. (The llth Regiment of "Reserves" was temporarily attached to this brigade.) Position pointed out on the field by General McCAXDLESs, and all of his regi mental commanders. See General CRAWFORD S report. d. 2d brigade, composed of the 5th Maine, 121st New York, 95th and 9Gth Pennsylvania volunteers. 83 e. 3d brigade, 62d New York, 93d, 98th, 102d, and 139th Pennsylvania volun teers.^ f. Pointed out on the field by Major-General SYKES, and his adjutant-general, Brevet Brigadier-General LOCKE. POSITION OF TROOPS OX THE LEFT. 47 brigade (WEED S) had the front line, while the two brigades of regulars, the 1st, 5 commanded by Colonel DAY, 32 * and the 2d, c by Colonel BuRBAXK, S2 b lay in the second line/ In the valley be yond were two regiments 6 of Colonel TILTOX S brigade (1st brigade, 1st division, 5th corps), followed by two regiments- 7 " of Colonel FISHER S brigade of Pennsylvania Reserves, 3d brigade, 3d division, oth corps. Beyond these was the Ninth Massa chusetts volunteers/ This regiment had been deployed as skirmishers on the extreme right of the army, on the morning of the second, and their brigade changed position and they became separated from it. Next, connecting on its left, and extending up Hound Top proper, were the two remaining regiments h of TILTOX S brigade. 89 And on their left, terminat ing on the summit of the mountain, were the two remaining re giments of Colonel FISHER S brigade of "Reserves." 881 Two 6th corps brigades under General WEIGHT formed the crotchet retiring from Round Top to the left and rear across the Taney- town road A. Colonel GRAXT commanded the right, 2d bri gade, 3 "- 2d division, 6th corps, and General PtUSSELL, 15 the left, 3d brigade/ 1st division, 6th corps/ These troops were at no time actively engaged. This was the extreme left of the infantry force of the army. BARXES battery, C, 16 1st New York, a. 91st and 155th Pennsylvania, 140th and 146th New York volunteers. 3 ^ General WEED was killed the day before. Colonel GARRARD S report. 5. 3d, 4th, 6th, 12th, and 14th infantry .32 -a c. 2d, 7th, 10th, llth, and 17th infantry .32-b (I. Explained on the field by General AYRES. e. 18th and 22d Massachusetts volunteers. Positions pointed out on the field by Colonel TII.TOX. / Oth and 10th Pennsylvania "Reserves." See General CRAWFORD S report. g. 2d brigade (SWEITZER S), 1st division, 5th corps. h. 118th Pennsylvania and 1st Michigan volunteers. 39 i. 5th and 12th Pennsylvania " Reserves." 33 CRAWFORD S report. j. 2d. 3d, 4th, 5th. and Oth Vermont volunteers. 30 L 5th Wisconsin, 6th Maine, 49th and 119th Pennsylvania volunteers.^ 1. General SEDGWICK S report. Verbal explanation by Colonel GRAXT and General RUSSELL. 48 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. and MARTIN S battery, C, n Massachusetts, were ordered on the 3d by Captain MARTIN, chief of the 5th corps artillery, to report to General WRIGHT,* and were in position in the rear of Round Top. General KiLpATRiCK, 47 with FARNSWORTH s 46a and MERRITT S^^ brigades of cavalry, accompanied by ELDER S 44 and GRAHAM s 55 batteries of horse-artillery, were beyond arid to the front of Round Top. General OUSTER S brigade was engaged with General GREGG S division on the right wing of the army. * There were two brigades at this point. One (GEANT S) from HOWE S 1S divi sion, and one (RUSSELL S) from WEIGHT S division. General HOWE remained with the troops all the time, though General WEIGHT was the ranking officer, and in command. a, 1st Vermont, 1st West Virginia (Union), 5th New York, and 18th Pennsyl vania, and one squadron 1st Ohio volunteer cavalry. 46 General FAENSWOETII made a very gallant charge with 1st Vermont and 1st West Virginia cavalry, during which he was killed. ~b. 1st, 2d, and 5th U. S. regulars and 6th Pennsylvania cavalry. 55 General KILPATEICK S report. I also spent several days with this command at Stevens- burg, Va., in the winter of 1863-4, deriving from its officers the fullest details, which fully corroborated statements of Confederate officers given me in the hospital at Gettysburg. (E-omyiler s ^t IT will probably interest some who view the painting of the Battle of Gettysburg now presented to the public, to know upon what authority it has been compiled, and what facilities I have had which will justify me in presuming to publish it as an historical representation of that important battle. At the commencement of the war I determined to attach myself to the army and wait for the great battle which would naturally decide the contest ; study its topography on the field/ and learn its details from the actors themselves, and eventually prepare its written and illustrated history. I joined the army for that purpose immediately after the evacuation of Yorktown, was with it at Seven Pines and Fair Oaks, through the seven days fights, and at Harrison s Landing ; and before leaving it I made arrangements with officers of rank to give me early intelligence of any important movements looking to a decisive engagement. Gettysburg was that engagement. When I arrived at Gettysburg the debris of that great battle lay scattered for miles around. Fresh mounds of earth marked the resting-place of the fallen thousands, and many of the dead lay yet unburied. It therefore required no guide to point out the locality of the battle. I determined to make an isometrical drawing of the field. As the term field, when applied to a battle, is generally used figuratively, and, by the general reader, might be mis understood, it is well to consider, at the start, that the battle- field of Gettysburg not only embraces within its boundaries many fields, but forests as well, and even the town of Gettys- 5Q GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. burg itself is included within its limits. The formation of the ground and the positions of the troops favored the plan of sketching the field while facing the w r est. Consequently the top of my DRAWING of it is west ; the right hand, north ; the left, south, etc. There w^as no point from which the whole field could be sketched, nor w r ould such a position have favored this branch of art. On the contrary, it was necessary to sketch from every part of it, combining the whole into one grand view, which accounts for the fact that every participant in that battle w T ill readily discover on the drawing the exact locality of his engagement, and the movements of his command can be as readily traced. Having located its boundaries, I commenced at the south east corner, and gradually moving toward the north, I looked toward the west, and sketched the landscape carefully, as far as the vision extended, including fields, forests, houses, barns, hills, and valleys ; and every object, however minute, which could influence the result of a battle. Thus I continued to the north east boundary, a distance of five and a half miles. The next day I resumed my work at the south, having advanced to the point where my vision had been obstructed the preceding day, and sketched another breadth to the north, as before ; and so continued, day by day, until I had carried my drawing for ward four and a half miles, which included within its limits the town of Gettysburg. When the battle-field had been isomctri- cally drawn, I sketched the distance and added a sky. This drawing was the result of eighty-four days spent on the field immediately after the battle, during which time I sketched carefully the twenty-five square miles which it represents. I spent two months in hospital writing down the statements of Confederate prisoners, and as they became convalescent, I went over the field with many of their officers, w r ho located THE DESIGNER S STATEMENT. 5^ their positions and explained the movements of their commands during the battle. I then visited the Army of the Potomac, consulted with its commander-in-chief; corps, division, and brigade commanders; and visited every regiment and battery engaged in the battle, to whose officers the sketch of the field was submitted, and they, after careful consultation, located upon it the positions of their respective commands. From the information thus obtained, I have traced the movements of every regiment and battery from the commencement to the close of the engagement, and have located on the drawing its most important position for each of the three days. Since its publication I issued an invitation to the officers of the Army of the Potomac to visit Gettysburg with me, and point out their respective positions and movements, thus giving an opportunity to the actors in this great drama to correct any misapprehension, and establish, while still fresh in memory, the facts and details of this most important battle of the age. This invitation was responded to by over one thousand officers engaged in the battle ; forty-six of whom were generals commanding. And it may be interesting to those who possess the drawing, to know that but one solitary regiment was dis covered to be out of position on it. Many thousand copies of this work have been sold, yet the demand still continues, and orders are constantly coming in from all parts of the country. Though complete in itself, it is really but the introduction to other works on this battle yet to be published, and as a work of reference will be considered almost an indispensable companion to the history of it. 52 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. The Isometrical Drawing has been published in four different styles, and will be furnished and delivered free by mail at the following PRICES: COLORED PROOF On heavy plate paper, carefully finished in Water- Colors, $15 00 PROOF Printed in tints, on paper as above, with positions of regiments, colored, for each day, . . . . . . . .1000 TINTED Printed with one tint, on lighter paper, . . . .500 U^f" The above styles have a sky, and are suitable to frame, all are accom panied by a key. PLAIN On lighter paper, without sky, . . . . . 83 00 See the following letters indorsing its accuracy : CAPTURE OF THE 8th LA. COLORS BY LT, YOUNG, ADG T loyth OHIO VOLS. f |e fainting. MY next step was to commence the present painting. Mr. JAMES WALKER, the artist, who has executed it, spent weeks at Gettysburg, transcribing the portraiture of the field to can vas, which has been done in the most pleasing and life-like manner. We have received in this matter the kindest support and co-operation of the officers of the army engaged on that portion of the field. Many distinguished general officers, on my invitation, visited Gettysburg, and went over the field with us, and pointed out all the details of this great turning-point of the Rebellion ; each explaining the movements of their several commands. Among those present at different times, were Generals MEADE, HANCOCK, GIBBON, HOWARD, DOUBLEDAY, STANNARD, HUNT, WAR REN, HUMPHREYS, GRAHAM. BURLING, DE TROBRIAND, WISTAE, DANA, WEBB, BAXTER, DEVEREUX, BINGHAM, NEWTON, GATES, ROBINSON, COULTER, CARR, MCALLISTER, MADILL, SYKES, AYRES, CRAWFORD, TILTON, SWEITZER, CHAMBERLAIN, SLOCUM, SHALER, MEREDITH, STONE, LEONARD, STEINWEHR, AMSBERG, FOWLER, KANE, GREENE, GEARY, SELFRIDGE, WILLIAMS, GREGG, and MARTIN, together with a large number of field, line, and staff-officers. Most of these gentlemen have since kindly called at Mr. WALKER S studio, and aided the work with their advice. Many others, who were unable to meet with us at Gettysburg, have, at considerable trouble, visited the studio in New York ; among them Generals HALL, HAZARD, SICKLES, WARD, BREWSTER, and BERDAN, and General WILCOX, Colonel HARRISON (General PICKETT S adjutant-general), and Lieutenant- THE PAINTING. 55 General LONGSTREET of the Confederate Army ; the latter taking great interest in the painting, and leaving me a fine letter in dorsing its accuracy. This painting has been designed strictly in conformity to the directions of these gentlemen, given on the field for that purpose, and from the reports of the Con federate commanders, furnished to me by the government. This great representative battle-scene has not its equal in America, for correctness of design or accuracy of execution. GIBBON S and HAYS divisions and the corps artillery occupy the immediate foreground. It is on a canvas 7^ x 20 feet, and represents, not- only every regiment engaged at that portion of the field, but where the formation of the ground would admit, the entire left wing is shown. It presents such an accurate and life-like portrait of the country, that on it the engagements of the first and second days operations can readily be traced. No important scene has been screened behind large foreground figures, or, for the want of a knowledge of the de tails, hidden by convenient puffs of smoke ; but every feature of this gigantic struggle has, in its proper place, been woven into a symmetrical whole. THIS PAINTING is intended for exhibition, and will be shown in the principal cities of the Union. A carefully reduced copy of it has been made by Mr. WALKER, which will be sent to Europe, from which a first-class parlor-sized STEEL ENGRAVING will be made. PRICES. ELECTROTYPE EDITION, . . . . . $7.50 PRINT, ......... 15.00 PLAIN PROOF (on superior plate paper), . . 25.00 INDIA PROOF (on fine India paper), from the original plate 50.00 ARTIST S PROOF, 100.00 The latter Edition will be limited to 200 copies for America and Europe, which will be carefully selected, numbered, and signed by the artist and publisher. C|e iistorir of ifjc |httlt (ADVERTISEMENT.) DURING my consultations with officers at the front, as well as on the bat tle-field, I noted with great care their conversations, and have books full of material thus rescued from oblivion. Since the publication of my Isomctrical Dmwiny of the field, I have been steadily engaged in collecting data for the history of the battle. I have received thousands of letters relating to it, and traveled thousands of miles to add to my knowledge of it ; but during the execution of I\\Q painting ^ I have been unable to devote that attention to its compilation which I now hope to do. I do not regret that the work has been thus deferred, as during the past year I had an opportunity of revisiting Gettysburg with several hundred military officers, and have thus been able to critically examine my material, and determine its relative value. I have now all the official matter required. I only regret that the members of some regiments and batteries have thus far failed to furnish me with detailed descriptions of their movements, which they will regret when too late to be remedied, as I shall in all cases write the description from the data I possess, and shall not publish accounts without the written proof to sub stantiate them. Those interested will be pleased to learn that the field at Gettysburg has, during the past two seasons, been re-surveyed in the most complete and scientific manner by a corps of United States engineers. From these surveys a beautiful topographical map is now being drawn and engraved, copies of which I have arranged to have to illustrate my history. In addition to the maps, the book will be very fully embellished with wood-cuts of the important episodes, beautifully engraved in the very best manner; also fine line and stipple steel portraits, engraved entirely by hand, by the best engravers. The portraits of all officers exercising a general s command at the battle will be admitted. The following are already engraved: Generals MEADE, REYNOLDS, NEW^TON, WADSWORTH, MEREDITH, DOUBLED AY, STANNARD, HANCOCK, ZOOK, GIBBON, WEBB, HALL, HAYS, SHERRILL, BULL, SICKLES, BIRNEY, GRAHAM, BERDAN, HUMPHREYS, SYKES, BARNES, TILTON, VINCENT, WRIGHT, WHEATON, BARTLETT, HOWARD, AMES, SLOCUM, WILLIAMS, GEARY, KANE, HUNT, RANDOLPH, MARTIN, McGiLVERY, PLEASANTON, BUTTER- FIELD, WARREN, and INGALLS. HISTORY OF THE BATTLE. 57 Several others have been ordered, and I presume the list will yet be con siderably increased. I shall also publish that of General Lee and his corps and division commanders, numbering in all probably seventy-five of the finest steel portraits yet engraved in this country. At present over eighty-five hundred dollars worth of illustrations are completed. I shall be pleased to correspond with any parties wishing portraits or wood-cuts. The history will be sold by subscription at the following PRICES: POPULAR EDITION (without Portraits), bound in cloth, . . . So 00 Do. with Portraits (printed from transfers), . . 7 50 The next will be the LIBRARY EDITION, royal octavo, printed on good fair paper, good plates, and substantially bound in sheep, . . 812 00 The same size printed on fine paper. Proof Portraits bound in half morocco, beveled boards, .... 17 50 A FINE EDITION on tinted paper. Proof Portraits. Full morocco, gilt, beveled boards, gilt edges, . . . . . . . . 8-5 00 A LARGE PAPER EDITION (limited) will be printed from new type, and the original wood-cuts in the best style of modern hand-press work, on heavy toned paper, with the finest INDIA PROOF PORTRAITS. In Sheets, stitched, uncut, , . . 8100 00 Elaborately bound. Full levant morocco, gilt, .... 8125 00 I have now devoted six years and a half to collecting material for the history of the Battle of Gettysburg, but until quite recently I have felt unwilling to commence to write, knowing that other matter existed which it was important for me to have, and which, when obtained, might make a material change in the account. This reason no longer exists, though I shall still thankfully receive suggestions from any participant in the battle. As a publisher for profit I would have issued it long ago, but as an historian I could not conscientiously until I felt that the details of this most important battle had been impartially examined, and the entire subject exhausted. JOIIX B. BACHELDER, Publisher, 59 BEEKMAX ST., XEW YOKE. EXTRACTS FROM THE OFFICIAL REPORTS UNION AND CONFEDERATE COMMANDERS, 6IIMWING THE AUTHORITY FOP. AND CORRECTNESS OF THE LOCATION AND POSITION OF BOTH ARMIES AS DELINEATED IN THE PAINTING OF THE "BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG!. HISTORICALLY DESIGNED BY JOHN B. BACH ELDER, AXD PAINTED BY JAMES WALKER. COMPILED, BY SPECIAL PERMISSION OF GENERAL U. S. GRANT, M THE CAPTURED ARCHIVES OF THE CONFEDERATE GOVERNMENT, AS WELL AS FROM TIIK REPORTS AND LETTERS OF UNION OFFICERS. BY JOTIX B. BACIIELDER, A. M., AUTHOR OF THE " ISOMETRICAL DRAWING OF TUB GETTYSBURG BATTLE-FI MAJOR-GENERAL MEADE S LETTER. HEAD-QUARTERS MILITARY DIVISION OP THE ATLANTIC, PHILADELPHIA, PA., December 4, 18G9. Jonx B. BACHELDER, Xew York City : Your letter of the 20th ult. was received, but my reply lias been delayed, awaiting the return from the West of my son, who was with me on the occa sion alluded to by you. On the 3d of July, 18G3, when the enemy s bat teries were opened, I was at the house on the Taneytown road occupied by me as head-quarters. This house, as you are aware, was situated about three or four hundred yards in rear of the line of battle, and about the center of the enemy s converging lines of fire. Having around me a large number of officers and animals, exposed without any particular necessity to the very severe fire, the question of moving my head-quarters to a position less exposed was repeatedly brought to my notice; but in view of the importance of my being where it was known I could be found, I felt compelled to decline listening to any appeals till near (as it afterward proved) the close of the bombardment, when being informed there was a signal officer on the lull on the Baltimore pike (occu pied as head-quarters by Major-General Slocum) who could communicate with the signal officer at the head-quarters I was occupying, I ordered head-quarters to be transferred to this hill. Prior to doin- so, I moved over to a barn on O / the opposite side of the Taneytown road, which seemed to be out of the lino of the heaviest fire, but which, on reaching, was as much exposed as the place I had left. On arriving at the hill selected, I at once went to the signal officer on the summit, and directed him to communicate my arrival to the officer I had left at the house. I then ascertained the signal officer at the house had left there. As soon as I learned this, I returned immediately to my old head-quarters. Owing to the change of position, the difficulty of finding their horses, and ignorance of my movements from inability to follow me, I found, when returning, that I was separated from all my staff, having only a few orderlies with me. On my way back I met several of my staff dismounted ; among them, my son, who informed me his horse had been killed. I directed him to take the horse of one of the orderlies and follow T me. The enemy s artillery fire ceasing, heavy musketry fire being heard, and I meeting many men moving to the rear, I was satisfied an assault was being made. I therefore, on reach- 62 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. ing my old head-quarters, rode straight up to the line of battle, 90 * arriving there just as the large number of prisoners that came into our lines had crossed them, and were moving to the rear. 174 I inquired of the first officer whom I met whether the assault had been repulsed, and received from him the reply that it had. This officer, my son (who by this time had rejoined me) tells me was Lieutenant John Egan, 1st regiment U. S. artillery, now captain of infantry. My son also informs me that I was at this moment accompanied by Lieutenant R. S. McKenzie, U. S. Engineers, acting on this day as aid-de-camp, and that I sent him (Lieut. McKenzie) off with some orders. This fact had escaped my memory, as likewise the report which Major Mitchell, of General Hancock s staff, states he made to me, of the general s being wounded. There can be no question that the report was made as stated by Major Mitchell; but I mention the two incidents to show that in the excitement of battle, no individual s memory unsupported by corroborative evidence is to be relied on, however honest or truthful the individual may be. The only officer I met whom I recognized was Captain Ilaskell, of Major-General Gibbon s staff. Finding the assault was repulsed, and hearing firing on Cemetery Hill, I rode over there, and after a short interview with Major-General Howard, I returned to my old head-quar ters at the house, whence (being rejoined by the most of my staff) I returned to the line of battle, crossed it, and rode down the front to Round Top, to confer with Major-General Sykcs. I have always been under the impres sion that the contest was virtually closed when I reached the scene, although my horse was shot while there, with a musket-ball, and my son had his horse killed under him by a shell, the enemy reopening his batteries with great fury the moment the assaulting column was seen to give way. I did not myself see any of the assaulting columns, except, as previously mentioned, those who preferred coming into our lines to returning under the heavy artillery fire from both lines ; these I met just as they passed into our lines, and rode through them as I approached the line of battle. 90 174 Of the fact that I was only accom panied by two staff officers (my son, Lieutenant George Mcade, 6th Pennsylvania Cavalry, aid-de-camp, and Lieutenant R. S. McKenzie, U. S. Engineers, acting aid- de-camp), there can be no question, as rny memory on this point is confirmed by the recollection of my son. Hoping this letter will answer your purposes, I remain, very respectfully yours, GEORGE G. MEADE, Major-General U. S. Army. a. The reference figures which follow do not appear in the original manuscript, but indicate such portions of it as relate to the composition of the painting, and refer the reader to the outline Key to it. tnsriois REPORTS. EXTRACT FROM MAJOR-GENERAL HANCOCK S REPORT. : Arriving at between two and three hundred yards, the troops of the enemy were met by a destructive fire from the divisions of Gibbon and Hays, which they promptly returned, and the fight at once became fierce and gen eral. In front of Hays division it was not of very long duration ; mowed down by canister from Woodruff s battery, 110 by the fire of two 98 regiments judiciously posted bv General Hays in his extreme front and ri^ht, and the fire of differ- I v / O cut lines in the rear, the enemy broke in disorder, leaving fifteen (15) colors, and nearly two thousand (2,000) prisoners 174 in the hands of this division. Those of the enemy s troops which did not fall into disorder in front of the 3d division were moved to their right, 160 and re-enforced the line attacking Gibbon s division. The right of the attacking line having been repulsed by Hall s and Harrow s brigades, of the latter division, assisted by the fire of two Vermont regiments of Stannard s brigade, 62 63 doubled to its left, and also re-enforced the center, and thus the attack was in its fullest strength opposite the brigade of General Webb. This brigade was disposed in two lines. Two regiments of the brigade, the 69th Pennsylvania" and the 7 1st Pennsylvania 89 volunteers, were behind a low stone wall* 4 and slight breastwork hastily con structed by them ; the remainder of the brigade (72d Pennsylvania volunteers 83 ) being behind the crest some sixty paces to the rear, and so disposed as to fire over the heads of those in front." When the enemy s line had nearly reached the stone wall, led by General Armistead, the most of that part of Webb s brigade posted here abandoned their position, but fortunately did not retreat entirely. They were immediately, by the personal bravery of General Webb 81 and his officers, formed behind the crest before referred to, which was occupied by the remnant of the brigade. 83 89 Emboldened by seeing this indication of weakness, the enemy pushed forward more pertinaciously, numbers of them crossing over the breastwork 54 abandoned by the troops. The fight here be came very close and deadly. The enemy s battle-flags were soon seen waving on the stone wall. 34 Passing at this time, Colonel Devereux, commanding the 1 9th Massachusetts volunteers, 71 anxious to be in the right place, applied to me for permission to move his regiment to the right and to the front, where the a. The 106th Pennsylvania volunteers had been ordered to report to General Howard the evening before, one company only remaining with the brigade. 64 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. line had broken. I granted it, and his regiment, and Colonel Mallon s 42d New York volunteers, 73 on his right, proceeded there at once. But the enemy, having left Colonel Hall s front, as described before, this officer promptly moved his command 6 - fi9 by the right flank to still further re-enforce the position of Gen eral Webb, and was immediately followed by Harrow s brigade. 60 61 64 60 The movement was executed, but not without confusion, owing to many men leavino- their ranks to fire at the enemy from the breastworks, ihe situation was now very peculiar. The men of all the brigades had in some measure lost their regi mental organization, but individually they were firm. The ambition of in dividual commanders to promptly cover the point penetrated bv the encmv the smoke of battle, and the intensity of the close engagement, caused this con fusion. The point, however, was now covered. In regular formation our line would have stood four ranks deep. The colors of the different regiments were now advanced, waving in defiance of the long line of battle-flags presented by the enemy. The men pressed firmly after them, under the energetic commands and examples of their officers, and, after a few moments of desperate fighting, the enemy were repulsed, threw down their arms, and found safety in flight, or by throwing themselves on the ground to escape our fire. The battle-fla^s were ours, and the victory was won. Gibbon s division secured twelve (12) stands of colors, and prisoners enough to swell the number captured by the corps to about forty-five hundred (4,500). * * * : I had the misfortune to lose the valuable services of Brigadier- General John Gibbon, commanding the 2d division, who was severely wounded. 41 A short time afterward I was wounded 49 myself, but was enabled to remain on the field until the action was entirely over. * * * EXTRACT FRO^E REPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL HUXT, COMMANDING THE ARTILLERY OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. * * * On the left of the cemetery N the batteries of the 2d corps were in line on the crest occupied by their corps in the following order from rio-ht to left: Woodruff s, I, 1st United States, six 12-poundcrs ; 110 Arnold s, A, 1st Rhode Island, six 3-inch ; 113 Cushing s, A, 4th United States, six 3-inch ; 87 Brown s, B, 1st Rhode Island, four 12-pounders ; 43 and Rorty s, B, 1st New York, four 10-pounders, 45 all under the command of Captain Hazard, 70 chief 2d corps artillery . a Next on the left of the artillery of the 2d corps were stationed Thomas s battery, C, 4th United States, six 3-inch guns ; 26 and on his left" Major McGilvcry s command, 26 consisting of Thompson s, C and F, Pennsylvania, five a. The batteries on the south of the Baltimore turnpike, under Major Osborne, 1 -- chief of llth corps artillery, were Tuft s. Bancroft s, Eakins , Edgell s, Hill s, and Dilger s. I. I find a memorandum in my note-book, made at the front, in the winter of 1SG3 (, that Daniels 9th Michigan battery (horse artillery), was in position at this place. Cap tain Daniels report is not sufficiently explicit to locate his position. It is known, however, that he reported to Major-General Newton, during the cannonade, and was placed in posi tion by him on this front. UNION REPORTS. 5 3-inch; Phillip^ s, 5tli Massachusetts, six 3-incli; Hart s, 15th New York (inde pendent), four 12-pounders ; Sterling s, 2d Connecticut, four James rifles and two howitzers; Rock s section, New Jersey, two 3-inch ; Cooper s, B, 1st Pennsylvania, four 3-inch ; Dow s, 6th Maine, four 12-pounders ; Ames s, G, 1st New York, six 12-pounders. On the extreme left, occupying- the position of the day before, were Gibbs 1 , L, 1st Ohio, 34 " and Rittenhouse s, D, 5th United States, six 10-pounders 37 (all under command of Captain Martin, chief of 5th corps artillery). Rittcnhouse s battery was in excellent position for the service of his rifled guns. We had thus on the western crest line seventy-five guns, which could be aided by a few of those on Cemetery Hill. [See Major Osborne s Report, chief 11 tli corps artillery.] * * * About 3 o clock p. M , and soon after the enemy s fire had ceased, he formed a column of attack in the edge of the woods in front of the 2d corps. At this time, Fitzhugh s, 1 Parson s, 19 - 19 - a Weir s, 125 and Cowan s 59 batteries reached this point, and were put in position in front of the advancing enemy. * * * The enemy advanced in three lines. When they came within range our canister fire and musketry were opened upon them, occasioning disorder; but still they advanced gallantly until they reached the stone wall, 84 behind which our troops lay. Here ensued a desperate con flict, the enemy succeeding in passing the wall and entering our lines, causing great destruction of life, especially among the batteries. Infantry troops were, however, advanced from our right 98 [and left], 4 the rear of the enemy broke, and the others, who had fought with a gallantry that excited the admiration of our troops, found themselves cut off and compelled to surrender. As soon as their fate was evident, the enemy opened his batteries upon the masses of our troops at this point, without regard to the presence of his own. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL GlBBON, COMMANDING 2D DIVISION, 2o CORPS. * * At this time the enemy displayed his first line coming out of the woods, and preceded by a heavy line of skirmishers, which commenced im mediately to push ours back. The line moved steadily to the front in a way to excite the admiration of every one, and was followed by a second and third, extending all along our front as far as the eye could reach. Our guns were run well forward, so as to give them a good sweep over the ground, loaded with canister, and the men warned to keep well under cover, and to reserve their fire until the enemy got well within range. As the front line came up it was met with such a withering fire of canister and musketry as soon melted it away ; but still on they came from behind, pressing forward to the wall. By this time most of our artillerymen had fallen, and but an occa sional cannon-shot along the line interrupted the continuous rattle of mus- a. The guns of this battery were of too short range to be effective on the charging column. ED. ^ I. Hall s, Harrow s, and Stannard s brigades. (36 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. ketry. The right of the enemy s line did not extend as far as the left of my division, and while urging forward some of my left regiments to take his line in flank, I was wounded, and left the field. 41 The rest is told by the brigade reports. "Webb s line of three small regiments was overwhelmed and driven back by the superior masses of the enemy ;* 3>89 but Hall s men, skillfully directed by himself, 77 and the gallant Devereux, Mallon, and others, rushed to the rescue and fell upon his flank. 73 - 71> 69 > 6S> EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL HARROW, COMMANDING IST BRIGADE, 2D DIVISION, 2o CORPS. * * * At 3 P. M. his infantry columns moved from the woods one thousand yards distant, and steadily advanced to the assault. After crossing the Em- mettsburg and Gettysburg road L in two lines, with supports upon the right and left, accommodating themselves, as far as possible, to the low grounds in front of the division, this movement brought them first in range of the guns of the 1st brigade. But the crest of the hill,M occupied by the right of Colonel Hall s brigade and the left of Webb s, seemed to be the point to which their main attack was directed. As their purpose became manifest, the 1st and 3d brigades of this division inclined to the right, cngao-ing the enemy as they moved, the whole command meeting the shock from the enemy s heaviest lines and support near the crest of the ridge M. 60 61 64 66 69 71 73> Here the contest raged with almost unparalleled ferocity. EXTRACT FROM: BRIGADIER-GENERAL WEBB S REPORT. * * * At three o clock the enemy s line left the woods in our front, moved in perfect order across the Emmettsburg road L, formed in the hollow, in our immediate front, several lines of battle, under a fire of spherical case from our batteries, and advanced to the assault. The 7lst Pennsylvania volunteers* 9 was advanced to the wall/ 4 on the right of the G9th Pennsylvania volunteers. 78 Three of Cushing s guns 82 were run down to the wall, carrying with them their canister. The 72d Pennsylvania volunteers 83 held the reserve under the crest of the hill. The enemy advanced steadily to the wall/ 4 driving out a portion of the Ylst Pennsylvania volunteers, 89 General Armistcad passing over the fence with probably over one hundred of his command, and with several battle-flags. The 72d Pennsylvania volunteers 83 were ordered up to hold the ciest, and ad vanced to within forty paces of the enemy s line. Colonel Smith, commanding the 7 1st Pennsylvania volunteers, threw two companies 95 of his command behind the stone wall, on the right of Gushing, 87 fifty paces retired from the point of attack. The 69th Pennsylvania volunteers, 78 and the most of the 7 1st Pennsyl vania volunteers, even after the enemy were in their rear, held their position. The 72d Pennsylvania volunteers 83 fought steadily and persistently, but the enemy probably would have succeeded in piercing our lines had not Colonel Hall 77 (commanding 3d brigade), advanced with several of his regiments to my UNION REPORTS. gf support. Defeated routed the enemy fled in disorder. General Armistead 146 \vas left mortally wounded within my lines, and forty-two of the enemy who crossed the fence lay dead.* * * Lieutenant A. IT. Gushing, 76 4th United States artillery, fell mortally wounded at the fence by the side of his guns. 8 2 Cool, brave, competent, he fought for an hour and a half after he had reported to me that he was wounded in both thighs. r> EXTRACT FROM A LETTER WRITTEN BY GENERAL WEBB TO ins FAMILY IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE BATTLE. * * * As they steadily advanced, I ordered my few guns to fire, and we opened great gaps in them ; but steadily they advanced in four solid lines right on up to my works or fence, and shot my men when their muskets touched their breasts. Seeing two companies driven out, my artillery in their hands, I ordered up my reserve regiment, 83 and led it myself. 81 General Armi- stead (an old army officer) led his men, came over my fence, and passed me with four of his men. He fell, mortally wounded. 146 I got hit, one shot grazing my thigh. * * * As soon as I got my right up to the wall, the enemy were whipped. When my men fell back I almost wished to get killed. I was almost disgraced. But Hall (colonel), 77 on my left, saw it all and brouo-ht up his regiments to help me. Gibbon was wounded near me. 41 Hancock also. 49 General Meade himself rode up near me. 90 * * * I killed forty-two rebels inside of the fence, besides General Armistead. A. S. WEBB/ a. COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, NEW YORK CITY, Nov. 25, 18 GO. Colonel JOHN B. BACHELDER, 59 Beekman St, New York: SIR, Having been shown by you my official report of the Battle of Gettysburg, arid having been asked to state whether or not I had any corrections to make in the language of said report, I have to thank you for bringing to my notice the expressions used, and. as the result of careful investigation, I make the following changes in the extract which you publish : Instead of the words, ; Colonel Smith, commanding 71 st Pennsylvania volunteers, threw two companies," etc., I would now insert " Two companies of the 71st Pennsylvania volun teers were thrown behind the stone wall," etc. Where I used the words "the most of the 71st Pennsylvania volunteers," I desire to insert therefor "a portion of the 71st Pennsylvania volunteers." Where the words "the 72d Pennsylvania volunteers fought steadily," etc., occur, I desire to insert therefor "the portion of the 72d Pennsylvania volunteers near me remained steadily in their position, a little retired from the crest, and lired at the advancing enemy. Since I had not succeeded in making a charge with this regiment, the enemy would probably, etc. To do justice to the 69th Pennsylvania volunteers, and the members of the 71st Pennsyl vania, volunteers that were with the 69th, I should have stated that, leaving the 72d Penn sylvania volunteers in position, I went to the 69th, and found them at the stone wall, and pointed out to them that a portion of the enemy was in their rear. I remain, with highest respect, your obedient servant, ALEX. S. WEBB. Brevet Major-General, United States Army. 68 GETTYSBURGDESCRIPTIVE KEY. MAJOR MITCHELL S LETTER TO GENERAL HANCOCK. HEAD-QUARTERS MILITARY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE ASSISTANT INSPECTOR-GENERAL, BALTIMORE, MD., January 10, 1866. GENERAL, I have the honor to furnish you with the following statement concerning the verbal message which you directed me to deliver to Major- General Meade during the battle of Gettysburg, on the evening of July 3, 1863. I was directed to deliver the message herein referred to, to General Meade when you were lying on the ground wounded on the line of battle of the 2d army corps, a few moments after the enemy s grand assault had been repulsed, and when they were retreating in confusion from the field. The message was as follows : "Tell General Meade that the troops under my command have repulsed the enemy s assault, and that we have gained a great victory. The enemy is now flying in all directions in my front." I delivered the message to General Meade on the field as he was riding up toward the crest of Cemetery Hill, a few moments after I received it, and also informed him that you were dangerously wounded. 86 He replied as follows : " Say to General Hancock that I regret exceedingly that he is wounded, and that I thank him for the country and for myself for the service he has ren dered to-day." * * * Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, (Signed) W. G. MITCHELL, Brevet Brigadier-General Volunteers, Inspector-General M. M. Department. P. S. The message from General Hancock, and the reply of General Meade above o;iven, are taken from a written memorandum made by me on the even ing of the 3d of July, 1863. EXTRACT FROM A LETTER FROM LIEUTENANT HAMILTON, ACTING ADJUTANT 59TH NEW YORK VOLUNTEERS. * * * All the regiments on our left broke to the rear," and this 67 alone remained at the works. Captain McFadden commanded from the time Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas was killed (on the 2d) until after the fight was over. a. Lieutenant Hamilton s report was literally true, although it might be misunderstood. The regiments on the left of the 59th New York volunteers did "break from their right to the rear." But it was done by the order of their commanding officers. They then moved to the right in rear of the 59th and became engaged at the copse of trees M- UNION REPORTS. 9 LETTER FROM LIEUTENANT-COLONEL MACT, COMMANDING 20TH MAS SACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS (EXTRACT). * * * The right of the 20th Massachusetts 68 rested on the 7th Michigan, 69 and on the right of the 7th was the 59th New York volunteers. 67 * * * In my opinion, the enemy had penetrated as far as the guns 82 when I got rny order from Colonel Hall (commanding brigade) to move my command upon the flank of the enemy, and "go at them." My order was brought to me by Captain Leach, and was this: "Colonel Hall directs that you move the 20th in rear of the line and attack the flank of the enemy as they come in." Seeing the impossibility of executing any regular movement, I at once or dered Captain Abbott, who commanded the right company, to " move in a mass on the enemy." Knowing that a hand-to-hand fight was coming, I told / ^ o o" Abbott that I would follow with the other companies. Captain Abbott led gallantly off, and his men followed him without regard to order. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF CAPTAIN ELLINGWOOD, COMMANDING IOTH MASSACHUSETTS VOLUNTEERS. * * * About 1 P. M., the enemy opened a heavy fire of artillery upon our lines, during which we lost one man killed and two wounded. Soon after, 61 an attack of infantry was made ; we moved by the rio ht flank a short distance, / / O and became hotly engaged. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF CAPTAIN DARROAV, COMMANDING 82o XEW YORK VOLUNTEERS. 66 * * * In the action on the 3d we lost a number of men during the cannonade. When the enemy advanced we were ordered to the right, 66 toward a small grove M, and charged through it, driving the enemy before us, and captured two flags, from the 1st and 7th Virginia regiments, with a loss of four officers and sixty-four men. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLONEL HEATH, 19TH MAINE VOLUNTEERS. * * * On the 3d instant my position was on the left of the 82d New York volunteers. 66 Shortly after the advance of the enemy, my regiment was ordered by the general commanding to the assistance of the 2d brigade (Webb s). 81 We moved up by the right flank, 64 and assisted in the repulse of the attacking party. Here my loss was very heavy. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF CAPTAIN COATES, COMMANDING IST MIN NESOTA VOLUNTEERS. * * * Heavy columns of infantry were thrown suddenly forward against our position. They marched resolutely in the face of a withering fire 70 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. up to our lines, and succeeded in planting their colors on one of our batteries. 82 The point of attack was to the right of our position, and held by the 2d brigade (\Yebb s) 84 of our division (2d), 2d corps. As the enemy approached, we were moved by the right flank to oppose them, 60 firing upon them as we approached, and sustaining their fire, together with the fire of the batteries, which they had brought up to short range. 140 The firing here was desperate for a time. At length the regiment with others closed in upon the enemy, and nearly the whole of the rebel force who remained alive were taken prisoners. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLONEL GATES, COMMANDING 20Tii XEW YORK STATE MILITIA. * * * The enemy came forward rapidly, and began firing as soon as they were in range of our men. When they had approached within about 200 feet of the bottom of the valley heretofore mentioned, the troops of my command opened a warm fire upon them. Almost immediately their first line faced by the left flank, and were moved at double-quick up the valley, and toward Get tysburg. The second line obliqued to the left, and closed upon the right of the first line. Reaching a position opposite the bluff M, they faced to the right, and moved forward rapidly in line of battle. Perceiving that their purpose was to 2;ain the bluff, I moved my command by the right flank 57 to the foot of the bluff, delivering our fire as we marched, and keeping between the enemy and the object of his enterprise. He succeeded in reaching the fence at the foot of the bluff, but with ranks broken, and his men evidently disheartened. Some suc ceeded in getting over the fence into the slashing, from which, and behind the fence, they kept up a murderous fire. * * * EXTRACT FROM A LETTER FROM CAPTAIN OWENS, COMMANDING 151ST PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS. cncm y made their appearance a little to the left of our position, but marching in an oblique direction, until they had moved to the rio-ht of us. For some reason, I do not know what, the 2d corps troops moved to the right, and the 20th New York State Militia" and the 151st Pennsylvania volunteers 54 followed, loading and firing as we ran, until we got to a small grove M, which seemed to be the point aimed at by the enemy. * * * EXTRACT FROM BRIGADIER-GENERAL STANNARD S REPORT. * * * The charge was aimed directly upon my command, 50 but owing, apparently, to the firm front shown them, the enemy 143 diverged midway, and came upon the line upon my right. 84 * * * As soon as the change of UNION REPORTS. 71 front became evident, I ordered a flank attack upon the enemy s column, form ing in the open meadow, in front of our lines. The 13th Vermont volunteers/ 2 " changed front forward on first company," the IGth Vermont volunteers, 63 after deploying, performed the same, and formed on the left of the 13th, at riu ht angles to the main line of our army, bringing them in line of battle upon the flank of the charging division of the enemy, 143 and opened a destructive fire, at short range, which the enemy sustained but a very few moments before the larger portion of .them surrendered, and marched in, not as conquerors, but as captives.* EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL HAYS, 103 COMMANDING SD DIVISION 2D CORPS. * * * Anticipating the movement of the enemy, I caused the house and barn in our front, which interrupted the fire of our artillery, to be burned down. N * * * Their march was as steady as if impelled, marching unbroken by our artil lery, which played upon them a storm of missiles. When within one hundred yards of our line of infantry, the fire of our men could no longer be restrained. Four lines " 101> 102> 10 ~" a arose from behind our stone wall, and before the smoke of our first volley had cleared away, the enemy, in dismay and consternation, were seeking safety in flight. Many attempts to rally them by their officers were vain. In less time than I can recount it they were throwing away their arms, and appealing most piteously for mercy. The Angel of Death can alone produce such afield as was presented. The division captured and turned in to head-quarters fifteen battle-flares. A number of others were captured, but have been surreptitiously disposed of. Colonel Sherrill, 126th New York vol unteers, was mortally wounded. 109 Colonel McDougall, lllth Xew York vol unteers, and Major Ilihlebrant, 39th New York volunteers, were severely wounded, leaving the brigade in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Bull. Colonel Smyth, commanding 2d brigade, was severely wounded in the head and face by a shell, 104 which, however, did not prevent his return to duty next day. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF CAPTAIN SEELEY, COMMANDING lllTii NEW YORK/ * * * During the hottest of the fire the regiment formed and marched up by the right flank 105 ~ a to the crest of the hill, and formed in the rear of the 12th Xew Jersey, 10 - who were lying under shelter of a stone wall. * * * a. The 14th Vermont volunteers 50 were in position on the left of the line, and were not ordered forward, but subsequently opened fire on Wilcox s command, 135 > 137 when he advanced to cover Pickett s right. b. Colonel McDougall commanded the brigade during the latter part of the engagement. 72 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. The enemy were seen advancing in three heavy lines, preceded by a cloud of skirmishers. Not a man flinched, but every brow was knit and lips com pressed with determination to win or die, and win they did. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF LIEUTENANT-COLONEL FRANKLIN SAWYER, COMMANDING STH OlIIO VOLUNTEERS. * * * About 4 o clock p. M. of the 2d inst., I received an order from Colonel S. S. Carroll, United States Army, commanding brigade, to move my regiment forward to the picket line. * * (Four companies were advanced to the front, and the balance were held in reserve at the Emmettsburg road.) * "* * On the afternoon of the 3d, the column of the enemy directed itself upon our battery, 110 to my left, and the lines on the left flank of the column advanced directly upon my position. I moved up my reserve to the picket front, and as the rebel line came within one hundred yards we poured in a well- directed fire, which broke it, and it soon fled, in the wildest confusion. Being relieved from this direction, I "changed front forward on the left com pany," thus presenting our front to the advancing rebel column. Our fire was poured into their flank, with terrible effect, 108 for a few minutes, before the 2d brigade, and the battery (Woodruff s) 110 opened, but almost instantly, the fire from the front, together with the concentrated fire from our batteries, the whole mass gave wav, some flving to the front, some to the rear, and through our lines, until the whole plain was covered with unarmed rebels, waving coats, hat?, and handkerchiefs, in token of a wish to surrender. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF MAJOR GENERAL HOWARD, " COMMANDING UTII CORPS. * * * The enemy s infantry appeared emerging from the woods upon Seminary Ridge, his left nearly opposite our front, and the line extending far to the left. Our batteries, under direction of Major Osborne, 1 -"- again opened fire, using shells at first. The gaps made by them seemed to have no effect on the onward progress of the enemy. Still his line advanced steadily, gaining ground gradual 1 } 7 toward his right. When near our line of skirmishers the bat teries opened upon them w T ith grape and canister from the hill. The infantry also commenced firing. The enemy s lines were broken, and the plain in our front was covered with fugitives running in every direction. Colonel Smith s brigade," 5 of General Steinwehr s 1 - division, was pushed to the left and front, to the support of the 1st corps (Robinson s division) 114 mov ing forward. * * * *s ,-c < ^^~r %_ C x^ 4^-* cS^ C S UNION REPORTS. 73 EXTRACT FHOM: REPORT OF GENERAL NEWTON, COMMANDING IST CORPS. x * # >r;h e dawn of day on the 3d found the position of the 1st corps as f:!ows: The 1st division (Wadsworth s), as before represented, on Gulp s Hill; tin- 2d division (Robinson s) on Cemetery Hill Z, ready to support the llth or L ; <1 corps; the 3d division (Doubleday s) 10 on the left center, and adjoining- the left of General Hancock s position. Between the left of the 3d division 10 and General Sykes position" 9 on the left, an interval of over half a mile, there were no troops in position. I reported this fact immediately to the general commanding , who authorized me to go to General Sedgwick on the extreme left, 15 and obtain troops from him to fill this gap. While proceeding on this mission, I encountered CaldwelTs division 1 3 of the 2d corps, not then forming part of General Hancock s line of battle, and, with this officer s consent, I put it, in position on the left of the 3d division, 1st corps (Major-General Double- day s). General Sedgwick could only spare me the 1st Xcw Jersey brigade (General Torbert), which was placed in position 14 on the left of General Cald- well." 3 My own batteries, occupying important positions in the center and right-center, mi_dit not with propriety be removed, and I therefore applied and obtained permission to call upon the reserve artillery. 26 [Sec Major McGil- vcry s report.] * * * I must mention that the 3d corps, under Major- General TJirney, 3 which had suffered severely in the previous day s fight, I found posted directly in rear of my line of battle, and made arrangements with him to draw upon him for such support as might be needed ; and I take advantage of this opportunity to express my obligations for the cheerful and handsome manner in which he responded to every call made upon him. * * * At length the enemy s columns of attack began to move, * * * directing itself upon the front of the 31 (Doubleday s) division, 50 1st corps; but meeting with a warm fire from his front line of battle, composed of the 13th, 14th, and 16th Vermont regiments of Stannard s brigade, the 20th Xew York State Militia, and the 151st Pennsylvania volunteers, it swerved to the right to attack General Hancock." 4 General Stannard immediately changed front forward, and falling upon their flank, 62 63 routed them, taking a large number of prisoners. This had hardly been done, when another column, 135 137 attempting the left of General Doubleday s front, was attacked in flank in a similar way, and nearly the whole column killed, wounded, or captured. * * * With the first movement of the assaulting column of the enemy, I called upon General Birnev, 3 commanding* 3d corps, for troops to form a reserve, first for one (the 2d, Hum phrey s),-" and subsequently for another division (1st. Ward s), 4 which were promptly sent. With a portion of these troops 6 I re-enforced General Han cock, who was severely pressed by heavy masses of the enemy, holding the remainder in readiness to fall upon the enemy, should they succeed in pene trating our lines, a contingency which fortunately did not occur. The 2d division (1st corps), under General Robinson, 114 was moved to sustain General Hancock s rhrht. 11 - " 7 * * * 74 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL HUMPHREYS, 20 COMMANDING 2D DIVISION, SD CORPS. * * * My division was moved rapidly to the right and formed in mass by battalions, 19 " 3 19 21 and in rear and support of the left of the 2d corps (Cald- well s division), 23 several batteries 26 being in position in my front. Here it remained until dusk, losing several valuable officers and a large number of men from the enemy s artillery. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL SEDGWicK, 29 COMMANDING CORPS. * * * General Torbert s brigade 24 was sent to the [left] center, reporting to Major-General Newton, and remained in position until the morn ing of the 5th. Eustis brigade 12 was sent to the right [left] center, also reporting to General Newton. Shaler s brigade was ordered to the left, then to the right, and subse quently returned to the left center, 14 and was held in reserve. During the movement of these troops they were more or less exposed to the fire of the enemy s artillery. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL SHALER, COMMANDING IST BRIGADE, 3D DIVISION, GTII CORPS. * * * At half-past three o clock p. M., by direction of General Sedgwick, the brigade was moved, under a terrific fire of artillery, to report to General Newton. A subsequent order, however, from General Meade, directed me to remain in rear of the position of the 3d corps, 14 reporting to Major-General Newton for instructions. * * * EXTRACTS FROM REPORTS OF BRIGADE COMMANDERS OF THE IST DIVISION, OTII CORPS. Colonel T dton commanding 1st JBriffade, 1st Division, 5tk Corps. * * * On the 3d we relieved the 3d brigade on duty, holding the Rocky Hill 39 (Round Top) D upon the extreme left. * * * Colonel Siveitzer s 31 Report^ commanding 2c/ Brigade^ 1st Division, 5tk Corps. * * * On the night of the 2d I received an order, and put the 2d brigade in the position indicated, 31 where we remained until the 5th inst. * * * UNION REPORTS. Colonel Rice s^ Reporl, commanding 3d brigade, \st Division, 5th Corps. * * * The brigade was relieved during the forenoon by the 1st brigade (Tilton s), 39 and ordered to the center of the line, 31 where it remained in reserve the balance of the day, exposed to a severe cannonading. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL AYERS, 38 COMMANDING 2o DIVISION (REGULAR), 5TH CORPS. * * * These two brigades (1st, Colonel Day ; 32 a 2d, Colonel Burbank 32 - b ) were massed in the woods, 3 - in rear of the 3d brigade (Garrard s). 36 * * * The division remained in this last position till we took up the line of march in pursuit of the enemy. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLONEL GAERARD, 36 COMMANDING 3o BRIGADE (WEED S), 2D DIVISION, OTII CORPS. * * * At night (2d) this ridge (Little Round Top,) B naturally strong, was strengthened by building a stone wall about half way down the slope, wherever the rocks offered no protection to the men. The next day the brigade remained in the same position. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF CAPTAIN HAZARD, CHIEF OF 2D CORPS ARTILLERY. * * * Battery B, 1st New York Artillery, 45 was entirely exhausted, its ammunition expended, its horses and men killed and disabled, the commanding officer, J. M. Rorty, killed, and senior first lieutenant severely wounded." The other batteries were in a similar condition. Still, they bided the attack. * * * Battery B, 1st Rhode Island (Brown s), 43 had expended every round of ammu nition, and the lines of the enemy still advancing. Lieutenant Gushing, 76 com manding A, 4th United States, was killed; Lieutenant Milne, A, 1st Rhode Island, serving with Gushing s battery, had fallen mortally wounded ; their battery was exhausted, 82 87 their ammunition gone, and it was feared the guns would be lost if not withdrawn ; at this trying moment, the two batteries were taken away. 43 But "Woodruffs battery, I, 1st United States, 110 still remained in the grove, and poured death and destruction into the rebel lines. They had gained the crest, and all seemed lost, and the enemy exultant rushed in ; but on reach ing the crest they met our infantry, fresh, and waiting on the opposite side. The tide turned ; backward and downward rushed the rebel line, shattered and a. Volunteers from the 19th Massachusetts volunteers assisted in working the guns of this battery. GETTYSBURG. DESCRIPTIVE KEY. broken, and the victory was gained. Woodruff, who had gallantly commanded his battery on the 2d and 3d of July, fell mortally wounded m at the very moment of victory. * * Batteries from the reserve artillery of the army immediately occupied the positions vacated. 1 - 19 ~ a I07> 125 * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLONEL McGiLVERY, COMMANDING BRIGADE ARTILLERY KESERVE. * * * The line of batteries 26 under my command, commencing on the left at an old oak wood (near General Torbert s position), 24 occupied by our infantry, were in numbers and kin i as follows : Ames battery, G, 1st New York, six light 12-pounders. Dow s battery, 6th Maine, four light 12-pounders. Cooper s battery, Pennsylvania, four 3-inch rilled guns. Lieutenant Rock s section, New Jersey, two 3-inch rifled guns. Sterling s battery, Connecticut, four James rifled guns, two howitzers. Hart s battery, 15th New York, four light 12-ponnders. Phillips battery, 5th Massachusetts, six 3-inch rifled guns. Thompson s batteries, F andC, Pennsylvania, five 3-inch rifled guns. On the right of these was : Thomas s battery, C, 4th United States, six 3-inch rifled guns. a * * * The infantry appeared in three extended lines of battle, of at least 3,500, advancing upon our center. These three lines of battle presented an oblique front to the guns under my command, and by training the whole line of guns obliquely to the right we had a raking fire through all three of these lines. The execution of this fire must have been terrible, as it was over a (comparatively) level plain, and the effect was plain to be seen ; in a few minutes, instead of a well-ordered line of battle, they were broken and confused masses, and fugitives were flying in every direction. This ended the greatest operations of the bat teries under my command at the battle of Gettysburg. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF CAPTAIN FiTZHUGH, 65 IST NEW YORK ARTIL LERY, BATTERY K, COMMANDING 4TH VOLUNTEER BRIGADE, ARTILLERY RESERVE. * * * By order of General Hunt, I put them 1 19 " 1 in position near the stone fence in front of General Webb s (Gibbon s ?) division of the 2d corps, bat tery A, 1st New Jersey Artillery, 1 on the left of K, 1st New York Artillery. 596 a. Daniels 9th Michigan. See note I. page 64. 1>. The remaining batteries of this brigade were detached on special duty in other parts of tho field. UNION REPORTS. 77 At this time the enemy were making a strong effort to break the 2d corps line, their infantry having charged up to the stone fence,* 4 near a small wooded knoll M, about seventy-five yards on my right. EXTRACT OF REPORT OF LIEUTENANT PARSONS, COMMANDING BATTERY A, IST NEW JERSEY ARTILLERY. * * * I have the honor to report that, on the 3d instant, about 3 P. M., I received orders from General Hunt to move the battery to the front, as soon as possible. I at once obeyed the order, and soon had the battery 1 in position, about one-fourth of a mile south of Gettysburg cemetery, Z and near the 2d di vision, 2d corps ; Fitzhugh s battery, 1 following immediately after me, and taking position on my right. At this time the enemy s infantry were advancing rapidly. I at once opened fire upon them with case shot, firing about 120 rounds, with good effect. * * * EXTRACT FROM PRIVATE LETTER OF CAPTAIN COWAN, IST (INDEPENDENT) NEW YORK ARTILLERY. * * * I was placed in position by General Doubleday, to our right and front of his head-quarters, 10 during the heavy cannonade. * * * During the hottest of the fire, an aid (Captain Banes) galloped down from the right and ordered me to report to General Webb. I was under the orders of General Doubleday, and hardly knew if I ought to obey General Webb, whom I did not know. While doubting for an instant, I looked toward the higher O Z3 grounds, and at the point where you have my battery represented on your Iso- mctrical Drawing of the field, I saw a general waving his hat to me. I determined to risk disobeying orders, as I must be needed there, and I at once " limbered to the rear," and " moved by the left flank " at a gallop ; my cannoneers were mostly stripped to the shirt, and as I gave the command, "By the left flank!" they sprang with loud cheers upon the limber chests, and upon the guns, their im plements, which they had not time to replace, still in their hands. We gal loped into position. 59 * * We opened at once, and continued pouring shell upon them till they came within canister range. Then came the severe struggle. Our infantry all at once became panic-stricken, and broke in con fusion. The enemy rushed with wild cheers, pouring in their volleys, and planted their colors upon the guns of the regular battery, 8 just on my right, the commander of which had been killed. 76 * * * General Webb 81 and his officers were gallantly rallying the infantry, and just in rear of the regular battery were the colors of six or seven regiments, and a few score men fighting around them. * * * Fitzhugh (with battery K 1st New York, 1 and A, 1st New Jersey 19 " 1 ) was on my left, and was there after 78 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. the fight. It may be an interesting fact that General Hunt, Chief of Artillery of the Army of the Potomac, was in my battery when the enemy were closest, and, while mounted on his horse, was shooting at the rebels with his revolver. His horse was shot under him, 79 and I remounted him on one of my sergeant s horses. * * * EXTRACT FROM LETTER OF COLONEL MORGAX. * * * As for the batteries that relieved Gushing and Arnold, they be longed, as I remember, to the 6th corps, the leading one being commanded by Martin, 5th artillery, 113 with whom I rode. The other battery I don t re member." I met Colonel Tompkins, 121 chief of the 6th corps artillery, on the Taneytown road,Y not far from General Meade s head-quarters. * a Butler s. G, 2d United States. CONFEDEEATE EEPOETS. EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL J. N". PENDLETON, CHIEF OF CONFEDERzVTE ARTILLERY. * * * By direction of the commanding-general, the artillery along our en tire line was to be prepared for opening, as early as possible on the morning of the 3d, a concentrated and destructive fire; consequent upon which a general advance was to be made. The right was, if practicable, to sweep the enemy from his strong hold on that flank. Visiting the lines at a very early hour, I found, by Colonel Alexander s energy, much already accomplished on the right. Henry s battal ion 134 held about its original position on the flank ; Alexander s battalion 136 was next, in front of the peach orchard H . Then came the Washington (New Orleans) artillery battalion, 139 under Major Eshleman, and Dearing s battalion 140 on his left; * * * and, beyond Dearing, Cabell s battalion 144 had been arranged, making nearly sixty guns for that wing, all well advanced in a. sweeping chase of about a mile. * * * To the 3d corps artillery attention was also given; Major Poague s battalion 149 154 had been advanced to the line of the right wing. * * * The other battalions of this corps 152 - 157 > 15S - a - 159 (a portion of Garnett s being in reserve under Major Richardson), held their position of the day before, as did those of the 2d corps. 161 > 162 - 163 > " * * * At length, about 1 o clock p. M., on the concerted signal, our guns in position, nearly one hundred and fifty, opened fire along the entire line, from right to left. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF LIEUTENANT-GENERAL JAMES LONGSTREET, COMMANDING 1ST CORPS C. S. A. The commanding-general joined me, and ordered a column of attack to be formed of Pickett s, Heth s, and a part of Pender s divisions. The assault to be made directly at the enemy s main position, the Cemetery hill, the distance to be passed over under the fire of the enemy s batteries, and in plain view, seemed too great to insure great results, particularly as two-thirds of the troops to be engaged in the assault had been in a severe battle two days previous, Pickett s division alone being fresh. Orders were given to Major-General Pickett to form his line under the best cover that he could get from the enemy s batteries, and that the center of the GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. assaulting column would arrive at the salient of the enemy s position," Gen eral Pickett s line to be the guide, and attack the line of the enemy s de fenses, and General Pettigrew, in command of Ilcth s division, moving on the same line as General Pickett, was to assault the salient M at the same moment. Pickett s division was arranged two brigades in the front line, supported by his third brigade, and Wilcox s brigade was ordered to move in rear of his (Pickett s) right flank, to protect it from any force that the enemy might attempt to bring against it. Ileth s division, under the command of Brigadier-General Pettigrew, was arranged in two lines, and these supported by part of Major-General Pander s division, under command of Major-General Trimble. All of the batteries of the 1st and 3d corps, and some of those of the 2d, were put in the best posi tion for effective fire upon the point of attack, and the hill occupied by the enemy s left. * * * The signal guns opened, and all the guns opened very handsomely. * * * The advance of the infantry was made in very fine style, all the troops keeping their lines accurately, and taking the fire of the bat teries with oreat coolness and deliberation. * * * The enemy s batteries 37, 26, 45, ST, iio,i2i g OOn opened upon our lines with canister, and the left seemed to stagger under it, but the advance was resumed with some degree of steadiness. Pickett s troops did not appear to be checked by the batteries, and only halted to deliver fire when close under musket range. Major-General Anderson s division I35> 137> 145 > 148 151 was ordered forward to sup port and assist the moving columns of Pettigrew and Trimble. Pickett s troops, after delivering their fire, advanced to the charge, and entered the enemy s lines, capturing some of his batteries, 8 2 and gaining his works. 84 About the same moment, the troops that had before hesitated broke their ranks, and fell back in great disorder, many more falling under the enemy s fire in retiring than while they were attacking; this gave the enemy time to throw his entire force upon Picket!, with a strong prospect of being able to break up his lines or destroy him before Anderson s division could reach him, which, in its turn, would have greatly exposed Anderson. lie was therefore ordered to halt. In a few moments the enemy, marching against both flanks, 62 63> 9S and the front 77 81 of Pickett s division, overpowered it and drove it back, capturing about half of those of it who were not killed or wounded. General Wright, 151 of Anderson s division, was ordered, with all of his officers, to rally and collect the scattered troops behind Anderson s division, and many of my staff officers were sent to assist in the same service. * * * a. I have been informed by Colonel Harrison, General Pickett s adjutant and inspector- general, while visiting the field with him at Gettysburg, that the " copse of trees " M on General Webb s front was the point on which the troops were directed to advance. These trees, being relieved in clear outline against the sky when seen from the Confederate lines, formed an unmistakable landmark. CONFEDERATE REPORTS. EXTRACT FUO.M REPORT OF BRIGADIER-GENERAL DAVIS, HETH S DIVISION. * * * The division 160 166 169 172 moved off in line, and passing the wooded crest of the hill, descended to the open fields that lay between us and the enemy. Not a gnu was fired at us until we reached the strong post and rail fence, about three-quarters of a mile from the enemy s position, when we were met bv a heavy fire of grape, canister, and shell, 110 - 1 - 2 which told sadly upon our ranks. Under this destructive fire, which commanded our front and left with fatal effect, the troops displayed great coolness, were well in hand, and moved steadilv forward, regularly closing up the gaps made in their ranks. Our advance across the field was interrupted by other fences of a similar character, in crossing which the alignment became more or less deranged. This was in each case promptly rectified, and though its ranks were growing thinner at every step, this division moved steadily on in line with the troops on the right. \Vhen within musket range, we encountered a heavy fire of small-arms, 100 from which we suffered severely; but this did not for a moment check the advance. * " * The whole division dashed up to his first line of defense, a stone wall, behind which the opposing infantry were strongly posted. Here we were subjected to a most galling fire of musketry y;j - Iul - 102 > 102 " 1 105 - 105 - a - 106 > lus and artillerv, n J that so reduce .] our already thinned ranks that any further effort to carry the position was hopeless, and there was nothing left but to retire to the position originally held, which was done in more or less confusion. * * * The number killed and wounded was very great, and in officers unusually so, as may be seen from the fact that in Archer s brigade but two field officers escaped, in Petti grew s but one, and in Davis s all were killed or wounded. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLOXEL SHEPARD, ARCHER S BRIGADE. * * * In the engagement of the 3d, Archer s brigade 160 was on the right of our division. As we advanced, the right of Archer s brigade touched the left of Pickett s division. 150 * * * The enemy held their fire until we were in fine range, then opened upon us a terrible and well-directed fire." Within eighty or one hundred yards of his works 14 we came to a lane (Em- mettsburg road) L, inclosed in two stout " post and rail " fences. This was a very great obstruction to us, but the men rushed on, as rapidly as they could, and advanced directly upon the enemy s works, the first line of which was com posed of rough stones. 4 The enemy 89 abandoned this; but just in rear was massed in heavy force. 83 By the time we had reached this work our lines, all along as far as I could see, had become very much weakened. Indeed the line, both to the right and left, as far as I could observe, seemed to melt aivay t until there was but little of it left. Every flag in the brigade, except one, was captured, at or within the works of the enemy. The first Tennessee had three 82 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. color-bearers shot down, the last of whom was at the works, and the flag cap tured. The 13th Alabama had three in the same way, the last of whom was shot down at the works. The 14th Tennessee had four shot down, the last of whom was at the enemy s works, and the flag was only saved by Captain Morris tearing it away from the staff, and bringing it out beneath his coat. The 5th Alabama battalion also lost their flag at the enemy s works. There were seven field officers that went into the charge, only two of whom came out, * * * The loss in company officers was nearly in the same proportion. Our loss in men was also heavy. We went into the fight, on the 1st, with 1,048 men, 677 of whom were killed, wounded, or captured during the engagement. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF MAJOR JONES, PETTIGREW S XORTII CARO LINA BRIGADE. * * * When about half-way across the intervening space, the enemy opened upon us a most .destructive fire of grape and canister. "When within about 250 or 300 yards of the stone wall behind which the enemy were posted, we were met with a perfect hail-storm of lead from their small-arms.* 9 > ""> m > m - & The brigade had dashed on, and many had reached the wall/ 4 when we received a deadly volley from the left. 105 106 The whole line on the left had o-iven way, and we were being rapidly flanked. 6 2 63 98 With our thin ranks, and in such position, it would have been folly to stand against such odds, we, therefore, fell back to our original position. * * * After this day s fight but one field officer was left in the brigade. Regi ments that went in with colonels came out commanded by lieutenants. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF FENDER S NORTH CAROLINA DIVISION, BY ASSISTANT-ADJITTANT-GENERAL ENGELHARD. * * * The command of the division devolved upon General Lane. (General Fender was wounded on the 2d.) The brigades of General Thomas and Colonel Fcrrin were moved forward to a road. 168 * * * Supporting these two brigades with his own (Lane s), commanded by Colonel Avery, and Scales brigade, commanded by Colonel Lourance. * * * During the morning of the 3d, General Lane received an order from General II ill to report in person, with the two brigades forming his second line, to Lieutenant- General Long-street, as a support to General Fettigrew. Formed in the rear of the right of lleth s division, commanded by General Fettigrew. Having executed this order, General Lane was relieved of the command by Major-General Trimble (and himself returned to the command of his own brigade). * * * Advanced in close supporting distance of Fettigrew s line. * * * The division in front gaining ground to the right, uncovered the left CONFEDERATE REPORTS. g3 of Lane s brigade. 167 When within a few hundred yards of the enemy s works, the line in front being entirely gone, the division 156 - 167 moved rapidly up, con- nectino- with the troops on the right, 150 - 153 still stubbornly contesting the ground with the enemy, reserving their fire until within easy range, and then opening with telling effect, driving the artillerists from their guns, 82 completely silencing them, and breaking the line of infantry supports formed on the crest of the hill. All the o-uris in the immediate front of the division were silenced, 82 and the infantry 89 had fallen behind their second and third lines of defense, 83 when the division, advancing in an oblique direction, the right of which had reached the works, 84 was compelled to fall back. * * * In this attack Major-Gen eral Trimble was severely wounded. 158 * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLONEL LOURANCE COMMANDING SCALES NORTH CAROLINA BRIGADE. 156 . * * * We advanced upon the enemy s line, which was in full view, at the distance of one mile. All went forward with a cool and steady step ; but ere we had advanced over two-thirds of the way troops from the front came tearing through our ranks, which caused many of our own men to break ; but with the remaining few we went forward until the right of the brigade touched the enemy s line of breastworks, 84 as we marched in rather an oblique line. Here many were shot down, being exposed to a heavy fire of grape 26 59 and musketry 62 63 on our right flank. * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF GENERAL LANE, COMMANDING NORTH CAROLINA BRIGADE. 167 * * * AVe advanced to within a few yards of the stone wall, exposed all the while to a heavy raking artillery fire on the right. 1 59 My left was here very much exposed, and a column of the enemy s infantry 98 was thrown forward in that direction, which enfiladed my whole line. This forced me to withdraw. Our great loss but too sadly tells the gallant bearing of my command ; six hundred and sixty (660) out of an effective total of thirteen hundred and fifty-five (1,355). * * * EXTRACT FROM GENERAL WILCOX S REPORT, OF THE ALABAMA BRIGADE. * The brigade was formed in line parallel to the Emmettsbtiro; road, and about two hundred yards from it, artillery 139 - 14 being in front. * * * Pickett s division now advanced, and other brigades on my left. * * * The advance had not been made more than twenty minutes before three staff officers, g4 GETTYSBURG DESCRIPTIVE KEY. in quick succession, one from the major-general commanding division, gave me orders to advance to the support of Pickett s division; my brigade, about twelve hundred in number, tlien moved forward. 135 * * * EXTRACT FROM REPORT OF COLONEL LANG, COMMANDING PERRY S FLORIDA BRIGADE.^ * * * i received orders from General Anderson 14 - to connect my right with General Wilcox s 135 left, and conform my movements dining the day to those of his brigade. General Wilcox began to advance, and, in accordance with previous orders to conform to his movements, I moved forward also, under a heavy fire from artillery. 26 lj 59> * * * NOTE. Many other letters and reports have been consulted in preparing the design for the painting of the Battle of Gettysburg, from which some additional, and much corrobo rative material was obtained ; but the foregoing are the most important extracts from the records of the battle. INDEX. KF.T. PAOK Abbott, Captain 09 136 Alexander s Artillery Moody s, Taylor s, Rhett s, Parker, Jordan s and Woolfolk s Batteries.. 24 Ames, Brig. -Gen oral 19 Amsberg, General .... 54 142 Anderson, Major-General 14, 15, 19, 22, 29, 80, 84 1-27 Anderson s Bri:;. (7th. >th, 9th, llth, and 59th Ga. Eeg ts.) 21 91 Ar.srle in the Stono. Wall J Apple Orchard 15, IS, 24 100 Archer s Brigade (Col. F rye s) (1st, 7th, 14th Teim., 13th Ala. Reg ts. and 5th Ala. Battalion) 22, 27, 29, 80, 81 146 Armistead. Brijr.-General 29, 33, 34, 63, 66, 67 153 Armistead s Brigade (9th, 14th, 3Sth, 53d, and 57th Va. Reg ts) ARTILLERY. 136 Alexander. Colonel, Battalion (Con. ) 24, 79 26 Ames s Battery, G, 1st N. Y 39, 65, 76 170 Armstrong Guns on Oak Hill (Con.) 25 113 Arnold s Battery, A. 1st R. 1 40, 64 Bancroft s Battery. G. 4th U. S 25 16 Bann-s s Battery. G, 1st X. Y. (5th Corps) 48 140 Bioufs Battery (Co?z.) 24 157 Blunder s Battery (< oit.) 24 149 Bruoks s Battery (On.) 24 43 Brown s Battery, B. 1st II. I 37. 38, 39, 43, 64., 75 124 Butler s Battery, G, 2d U. S 42 14 1 Oi ill s Battalion (Con.) 24, 79 94 Calefs (Tidball s) Battery, A, 2d U. S 16 144 Carlton s Battery (Con.) 24 140 Caskie s Battery (Con.) 24 2o Cooper s Battery, B, 1 >t I a 39, C5. 76 65 Cowan s Battery, 13th New York (Independent) , 42, 43, 65 1 "j c-i rriin Cham s Battery . <>.} 25 bl Casing s Battery. A."4th U. S 36, 37. 40, 04, 60, 67, 75 Dana s Battalion" ( ( on.) 25 26 Daniels s 9th Mich, (horse) Battery. See McGilvery s Artillery 39,76 140 Dearin^ s Battalion (Coj>.) 24, 29, 79 Dil-er s Battery. I, 1st Ohio 25 26 Dow s Battery, Oth Maine 39, 65, 76 Eakin s Battery, II. 1 st l~. S 25 Ed-ell s Battery, 1st N. II 25 44 Elder s Battery, E. 4th U. S 48 139 Eshleman s Battalion (Con.) 24. 79 1 Fitzhu-h s Battery. K. 1st N. Y 43, 44, 65, 76 1 Fi-azer s Battery (Con.) 24 152 Garnett s Battalion (< on.) 24. 79 34 Gibb s Battery, L. 1st Ohio 39, 65 55 Graham s Battery. K. 1st U. S 48 157 Graham s Battery ((_ on.) 24, 25 161 Happ s Battery (Con.) 25 159 Hart s Battery ( ( on.) 25 26 Hart s Battery, loth N. Y.. (Independent.) 39, 65, 76 43 Hazard s Battery (see Brown s B, 1st K. 1.) 37, 89, 43, 64, 75 37 Hazlett s (RittenhouseV) Battery, 1), 5th U. S 39 134 Henry s Battalion ((on.) ". 24, 79 19-a Hexamer s Battery (see Parsons), A, 1st X. J 44 Hill s Battery, C, 1st West Ya 25 79 Hunt, Brig. -General, Chief of Union Artillery 25, 26, 23, 39, 40, 42, 43, 54, 64 Huntinirton s Battery (Ohio) 25 159 Johnson s Battery. (Con.) 25 136 Jordan s Battery ( Con.) 24 158-a Lane s Battalion (Con.) 24 134 Latham s Battery ( f on.) 24 152 Lewis s Battery ( < on.) 24 123 McCartney s Battery ( Mass.) 42 144 McCarthy s Battery (Cnn.) , 24 157 MeGraw s Bat terv ( < on.) 24 26 McGil very s Brigade, Reserve Artillery 26, 39, 45, 46, 64, 73, 76 159 Melntosb/s Battalion (Con.) " 25 86 INDEX. KEY. 140 Macon s Battery (Con.) 144 Manly s Battery (Con.) 157 Manye s Battery (Con.) 17 Martin, Capt., Chief 5th Corps Artillery; 39, 48, 54, (is Martin s Battery, C, Massachusetts . .. . 4s Martin s Battery, F, 5th U. S 42 152 Maurin s Battery (Con.) 21 139 Miller s Battery (Con.) 24 136 Moody s Battery (Con.) 24 139 Xorcum s Battery ( Con.) 24 122 Osborne, Major, Chief llth Corps Artillery 25. 41, 65, 72 136 Parker s Battery (Con.) . . 24 19-a Parson s (Ilexamer s) Battery, A, 1st X. J 44, 65. 7i{ 15S-a Patterson s Battery (Con.) 24 157 Pegram s Battalion (Con.) 24 26 Phillips Batter\ r . 5th Massachusetts 39, 65. 76 149 & 154 Poague s Battalion (Con.) 24. 71) 134 Reilly s Battery (Con.) 24 136 Rhett s Battery (Con.) 24 159 Rice s Battery (Con.) 25 139 Richardson s "Battery 24 Rickett s Battery, F & G. 1 st Pennsylvania 19 37 Rittenhouse s (Hazlett s) Battery, D, 5th U. S 39, (15 26 Rock s Section (New Jersey) (55. 76 153-a Ross s Battery (Con.) 24 45 Rorty s Battery, B, 1st N. Y 37. 39, 64. 75 162 Smith s Battery (Con. ) 25 26 Sterling s Battery, 1st Connecticut 39, 65, 70 140 Stribbling s Battery (Con.) 24 Taft s Battery, 5th N. Y. (Independent) 25 136 Taylor s Battery ( Con.) 26 94 Tidball s Battery (Seeley s), A, 2d U. S 16 26 Thomas s Battery, C. 4th U. S 39, 64. 76 26 Thompson s Battery, G & F. Pennsylvania (Independent) 3D, 64, 76 125 Trevor, Sergeant (see Wier s Battery), C, 5th U. S 42 149 Vozatt s Battery (Con.) 24 157 Ward s Battery" (Con) 24 163 Watson s Battery (< on.) 25 107 Wheeler s Battery. 13th N. Y. (Independent) 25. 42 125 Wier s Battery, 0, 5th U. S 42. 65 Wiedrk-k s Battery, I, 1st N. Y 19 153-a Wingiield s Battery (Con.) 24 110 Woodruff s Battery,"!, 1st U. S 35, 41, 63, 64, 72, 75. 76 136 Woolfolk s Battery ( < ?/.) 24 157 Zimmerman s Battery (Con.) 24 167 A very, Col. (Lane s Brigade) S2 32 Ayers, Brig. -General, 2d Div.. 5th Corps 15, IS, 46, 47. 54. 75 83 Banes, Capt. (Gen. Webb s Staff) 34. 37, 83 31 Barnes, Brig.-General, 1st Div.. 5th Corps 15 1 S 45 33 Barksdale s Bri-. (13th, 17th, 18th, and 21st Miss. Reg ts) 19, 22 Barlow, Brig.-General (wounded), 1st Div., llth Corps (see Ames) 16 Barrows, Li eut 23 33 Bartlett, Brig.-Gen.. 2d Brier.. 3d Div.. 6th Corps (5th Me, 121st N. Y.. 95th and 96th Pa. Yols.). 46 117 Baxter, Brig.-General, 2d Brig., 2d Div., 1st Corps (S3d, 97th N. Y., Ssth, 90th Pa., and 12th Mass. Yols.) 41 Baxter, Col. (72d Pa. Yols.) 37, 33. 54 Benedict. Lieut . . 30,3540 7 Berdan, Col., 2d Brig., 1st Div., 3d Corps (3d, 4th Me., 20th Ind., 86th, 124th N. Y., 99th Pa. Yols., and 1st and 2d U. S. Sharp-shooters) 43. 54 123 Benniriic s Brig. (2d. 15th. 17th, and 20th Ga. Reg ts) 21 75 Bingham, Captain (General Hancock s Staff). S3. 34 3 Birney, Major-General, commanding 3d Corps 15, Is. 19, 43 72 N Bliss Buildings 23. 71 21 Brewster, Col., 2d Brig., 2d Div., 3d Corps (1st, 2d, 3d,4ih, 5th Excelsior, and 120th N.Y. Yols.) 44, 45, 54 Brinton, Dr 34 172 Brokenborongh s Brigade (23d, 40th. 47th, 55th Ya. Reg ts and 22d Battalion) 23 28 Brooke, Col., 4th Brig., 1st Div., 2d Corps (2d Del., 27th Conn., 64th N. Y.,53d and 145th Pa. Vols.) 19, 45, 46 TV Bryan s house 40. 41 Bull, Lieut-Col., 126th N. Y. Yols 40 71 19 Burlinar, Col., 3d Brig., 2d Div., 3d Corps (2d N. II., 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th N. J., and 115th Pa. Yols.) 45. 54 32-b Bin-bank, Col, 2d Brig., 2d Div.. 5th Corps (2d, 7th, 10th, llth, and 17th U. S. Infantry) 47, 75 Buford, Brig.-General. 1st Div. Cavalry 16 Candy s Brigade (1st). 2d Div., 12th Corps 21 23 Caldwell, Brig.-General, 1st Div., 2d Corps 15, 18, 35, 45, 46, 73. 74 Carlisle Road". 16 19-b Carr, Brig. -Gen., 1st Brig., 2d Div., 3d Corps (1st, llth, 16th Mass., llth N. J.,12thN. II., and 26th Pa. Yols.) 44, 45. 54 Carroll s Brigade 19. 40, 72 Z Cemetery Hill 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 19, 25, 33, 41, 42, 62, 64, 73. 79 Ridge 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 25, 33 Chamberlain, General 54 E Chambersburg Turnpike 14, 16 Coates, Capt., commanding 1st Minn. Vols 69 Colgrove s Brigade 21 INDEX. 8T KEY. I AGE Colville. Colonel 42 96 Color-, Army Head-quarters 12, 13, 33, 34 4th Mich. Vols 32 5 2d Div., 2d Corps 44 S:> " Hall s Brigade 33 85 " Webb s Brigade S3 M Pops.- of Trees 9, 86, 87, 88, 66, 63, 69, SO K Cordora s house 14, 16, 13, 24, 23 Corps l>t 14. 10. U, 20, 3S, 44, 72.73 . 0,1 15, IS, 19, 42. 03. G4, 70, 71. 72, 74, 76 " 3d 15, 17. 11). 20. 43. 44^ 73. 74 " 5th 15, 1 s, 19. 45. 40, 47. 75 " Gth lit. 21. 42. 44. 45, 40, 47, 74 llth 14. 1C. 17. 19,20. 2fi. 34. 41, 72, 73 " 12th 16, 17. 19, 20, 21 " Lee s 16 " Lor^street s IS. 22 Hill s 17, 22. 23 " Eweli s 17 112 Coulter. Col.. 1st Brig., 2d Div., 1st Corps (107th Pa., 16th Me., 94th. 104th X. Y., and 13th Mass. Vols.) 41, 54 53 Crawford. Bri-.-General, 3d Div., 5th Corps 4G, 47, 54 52 Cross, Col. (killed, July 2d), 1st Bri, ., 1st Div., 2d Corps (see Frazer, Col.) 19 Gulp s Hill n, IT, 19. 21, 34, 44, 73 76 Cashing. Lieut., Battery A, 4th U. S 86. 42, 75 103 (Limber) 30, 37, 40 Custer Brie. -General, 2d Bri<_ .. 3d Div. Cav 43 9 Dana. Col.. "2(1 Brig., 3d Div., 1st Corps (143d, 149th, and 150th Pa. Vols.) 44.54 Darrow, C:ipt., commanding S2d N. Y. Vols G9 8-a Day. Col.. 1st BriiT.. 2d Div.. 5th Corps (3d. 4th. 6th. 12th, and 14th U. S. Infantrv) 47. 75 169 Davis s Briir. (2d. llth. 42d Miss., and 55th X. C. Eeg ts).. ." 23, 27. 81 71 Devereux, Col. (19th Mass. Vols.) 28, 3T, 38, 54, 63, 66 E Devil s Den 12, 15. 18 10 Doubleday. Major-General, 3d Div., 1st Corps 16, 19, 39, 43, 54 Duffee. Mai .r. C9th Penn. Vols 37 Earlv s Division 19 Esan, Lt.. 1^ U. S. Artillery 62 Fllin^wood. Capt., commanding 15th Mass. Vols 69 L Ernmettsbur- Road 14. 1G, IS, 22, 27, 41, 66, 72, SI, S3 En-elhard, Major (Per.der s Division) 82 12 Eustis, Bri-.-C-en., 2d Brig., 3d Div., Gth Corps (2d K. I., 7th, 10th, and 37th Mass. Vols.) 44, 74 Ewell, Lieut. -General 17, 21 Excelsior Re- ts (see 70th. 71st, 72d, 73d, and 74th N. Y. Vols.) 45 P Fail-field Road 14, 16 40 Farnswoi-rh, Brig.-G-n. (killed), 1st Bris., 3d Div. Cavalry (1st Vt., 1st \Vest Va., 5th X.Y., and 13th Pa. Vol. Cav.) 48 74 Farrell Captain, commanding Division Provost Guard 42 33 Fisher, Col.. 3 1 Bri-., 3d Div., 5th Corps (5th, 12th Penn. Reserves) 47 Fowler. General 54 o Fnzcr Co! 3d Bri". (Zook s), 1st Div., 2d Corps (52d. 57th, 6Gth X. Y., and 14 th Pa. Vols.) .. 45. 46 160 Frve, Col. (see Archer s Brisad.-) 23. 29 150 Garnett s Bri-. (>th. l^rh, 10th. 2Sth. and 56th Va. Eeg ts) 22, 23, 29 Gates, Col . 2 i;h X -w York State Militia 39, 70 3G Garrard Col, 3d Brig. (Weed s), 2d Div., 5th Corps (91st, 155th Pa.. 140th and 140th X. Y. Vols. ) ." 4G, 75 Gettvsbur- 13. 14. 16. 17 41 Gibbon, Bri -. .-General, 2d Div., 2d Corps 14, 15, 28, 35, 3S. 43, 54, 55, 63. 64, 65. 67. 76 Graham, B: i :.-< J-eneral (icounded and prisoner ) 19, 54 Gearv s Division (2d), 12th Corps 20, 21, 54 30 Grant. Col.. 2 I Brig . 2d Div., 6th Corps (2d, 3d, 4th, 5th, and Gth Vt. Vols.) 47 Greene s Brigade (3d). 2d Div.. 12th Corps 20, 54 Ore""- Bri".-General, 2d Div. Cav 48, 54 77 Hall, Col., 3d Brigade, 2d C orps 28, 8T, 88, 42, 54, 68, 64, 66, 6T, 69 Hamilton, Lieut. (Acting Adj t, 59th N. Y. Vols.) 63 49 Hancock. Maior-General 11, 19, 26, 23, 29, 34, 35, 37, 38, 54, 63, 67, 68, 73 Harrisbur- Road 16 Harrison, Colonel (General Pickett s Adj t-General) 22, 54, SO 8 Harrow. Britr.-General, l.-t Brier., 2d Div., 2d Corps 23, 35, 38, 39, 43, 44, 63, 64, 66 92 Ilaskell, Lieut. (Gen. Gibbons "Staff) 37, 62 Hayes 1 Bri-adc 19 100 Hays, Bri-.-General, 3d Div., 2d Corps 23, 26, 27 86, 40. 41, 55, 63, 71 37 Hazlett, Lieut.. Bafy D, 5th U. S 39 70 Hazard. Capt., Chief 2d Corps Artillery 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 54 Heath. Col., 19th Maine Vols ." 69 II err s Tavern 16 Heth s Division 22, 79, SO, 82 Hildebrant. Maj. (39th X. Y. Vols.) 71 Hill, Lieut. -General IT, 25, 82 Hoke s Brigade 19 Hood s Division 18, 21 Hooker, Lieut 35 119 Howard, Maior-General. llth Corps 17, 33, 40, 41, 54, 62, 63 13 Howe, Bri2.-Gen.. 2d Div.. 6th Corps 47, 48, 72 79 Hunt. Bri-.-General. Chief of Artillery 25. 26. 28. 39, 40. 42. 43, 54. 64 20 Humphreys, Major-General, 2d Div., 3d Corps 15, 19, 44, 45. 54, 73, 74 6 Infantry 3d Me., 20th Ind., and 99th Pa. Vols 43 88 INDEX. KEY. PAGE Intermediate Ridge (Sickles Ridge) 14, 15, IS, 23, 24 Isometrical Drawing 13 Jetivrs, Col., 4th Mich. Vols y>2 106 Jones, Major ( Pettigrew s Brigade) 82 Johnson s Division 19, 20, 24 Kane s Brigade (2d). 2d Div.. 12th Corps 21, 54 2G-a Kelley, Co]., 2d Brig., 1st Div., 2d Corps (28th Mass., 63d, 69th, SMh N. Y., and 110th Pa. Vols.) 45 Kemper, Brig. -General 29 143 Kemper s Brier. (1st, 3d, 7th, llth, and 24th Ya. Regiments) 22 129 Kershaw s Bri<r. (2d, 3d, 7th, 8th, and 15th S. C. Reg ts) 22 47 Kilpatrick, Biisr.-General, 3*1 Div. Cavalry 21. 47. 48 1(57 Lane s Briff. (7th, ISth, 2Stli, 33d, and 37th N. C. Reg ts) 23. 27, 39, 41, Ml. 82. 83 Lang, CoJ. (sec Perry s Brigade) 22, 29, K 130 Law s Brig. (4th. 15th, 44th, 47th, and 4Sth Ala. Reg ts) 21 Leach, Capt 69 Lee, General 2< i. 21, 32, 79 Leonard General 54 B Little Round Top 12. IS, 39, 46, 75 Lock, Brev. Brig.-General 46 Lockwood s ( Independent) Brigade, 1st Div., 12th Corps 19. 20. 21 141 Longstreet, Lieut.-General 9, IS, 21, 2.;, 21). :!H. 54. 79. 82 156 Lonrance. Col. (see Scales Brigade) 23. 29, 82, 83 McAllister, General 54 53 McCandless, Col., 1st Brig., 3d Div.. 5th Corps (1st, 2d, Oth, llth Pa. Reserves, and 1st Rifles).15, 18, 19. 46 MacDougall, Lieut-Col., lllth X. Y 40,71 McDougall s Briga le (: :<)!.) (1st). 1st Div., 12th Corps 21 M Fadden, Capt., 59th N. Y. Yols 63 171 M Gowairs (Pen-in s) Briiz. (1st, 12th. 13th, 14th S. C. Reti ts. and Orr s Riik-s;) 23, 82 27 McKeen, Col., 1st Btii:. (Cross ), 1st Div., 2d Corps (5th N. II., 61st N.Y., Slst, 14sth Pa.Yols.) 45 McKcnzie, Lt. (Gen. Meade s Staff) 34. 62 133 McLaws, Major-General 18, 9. 22 Macy, Lieut.-Colonel, commanding 20th Mass. Yols 38. 69 13 Madill, Col, 1st Bris., 1st Div., 8d Corps (57th, 63d, 6sth, 105th, and 1 Ust Pa. Yols.) 43. 44, 54 166 Marshall, Col. (see Pettiirrew s Brigade) 23. 29 73 Mallon, Col., 42l ^. Y. Vols 23, 64, 66 145 Mahone s Brie. (6th. 12th, 16th, 41st, and 61st Ya. lli-ifts) 22 147 Martin, Lieut-Col., 53d V:u . 33. 34 90 Meade, Major-General (Commander-in-Chief) 11, 20. 34, 42, 54, 61. 67. 68 M<>ade, Lieut 34, 35, 62 Meredith. General 55 Mcrritt, Brig. -Gen. (Reserve Cavalry Brigade) 48 Milne, Lieut 75 P Millerstown Poad 14 86 Mitchell, Major (Gen. Hancock s Staff) 11, 28, 84, 62, 68 1 16 Morgan, Col. (Chief of Gen. Hancock s Staff) 160 Morris, Capt. ( Archer s Brigade) T Mummasburg Turnpike 40 Nevin, Col.. 3d Briz., 3d Div., 6th Corps (62d N. Y., 93d, 98th, 102d, and 139th Pa. Yols.).. . - 1I>. 46 10 Newton, Major-General, 1st Corps 26, 28, 39. 41. 43, 44, 54, 73, 74 Oak Ridge U Oak Hill 14. 16. 24, 25 O Kane, Col., 69th Pa. Yols 37 Osborne, Major 25, 41, 65 Owens, Capt., commanding 151st Pa. Yols 70 93 Parker, Capt. (Gen. Hancock s Staff) 37 H Peach Orchard l.\ K 19. 22, 24. 79 Fender s, Major-General, Division 23, 27, 79, 80, 82 Pendleton, Brig.-General 25, 79 Y Pennsylvania College 171 Pen-in, Col. (seo McGowan s Brigade) 23. 82 37 Perry s (Col. Lang s) Brie. (2d, 5th, and Sth Florida Reg ts) 22. 29. 84 155 Petti-rew. Bri-.-General. 22. 23, 26. 29. 41. 80 t 81. 82 166 Pettiirrew s Bri-ade (Marshall) (llth, 26th, 47th, and 52d N. C. Reg ts) 23. 27. 29 Pickett, Maior-General, - r> - - 86. ^ Pickett s Division 15. 22. 26, .",5. 36. 3s, 31), 40, 71, 79. SO, 8l, S3. 84 148 Posev s Briz. (12th, 16th, 19th, and 45th Ga. Reg ts, and 2d Battalion) V Power s Hill 174 Prisoners (Confederate) "* 4 -- tj -- 64, tl. 4 2 72 & 97 Provost Guard . ^ S Railroad 173 Eamseur s Brig. (2d, 4th, 14th, and 30th N. C. Reg ts) REGIMENTS. ALABAMA. CONFEDERATE. REGIMENT. BRIGADE. DIVISION. CORPS. 130 .. 4th Redment Law Hood Longstreet 160 .. Sth Battalion \rriu-r .Heth Hill 135 .. Sth Regiment Wiicox Anderson do 135 .. 9th ...".do d do do 135 .. 10th ....do do do do 135 .. llth ....do do do do 160 .. 13th ....do An-hpr Heth do 22, 82 135. 14th... do.., Wiicox Anderson do 22 INDEX. 89 KEY. 130 15th REGIMENT. Regiment BRIGADE. ..Law . .. DIVISION. .... Hood CORPS. Longstreet 130 44tli do . do do do 47th do do do do 130 . : 4sth ...do .. ...do .. ...do .. ...do ... ARKANSAS. CONFEDERATE. 3d Regiment Robertson Hood Longstreet 21 CONNECTICUT. UNION. 14i.li Regiment 2d Smyth 3d Hays 2d Hancock 27th do.. ...4thBrooke 1st Cald well. .. ...do.. 101 23 1st Regiment 2d ....do... DELAW ARE. UNION. .2d Smyth 3d Hays .4th Brooke 1st Caldwell ....2d Hancock . ...do .. FLORIDA. CONFEDERATE. 2d Regiment Perry Anderson... 5th. .. .do do do 8th.... do .. ....do do .. GEORGIA. CONFEDERATE. 151 128 . 2d Battalion Wright . 2d Regiment Benning 3d ... lo Wright Anderson . ...Hood .... .... Anderson . . Hill Lot Hill gstreet 25 21 22 127 . 7th lo Anderson ... .Hood Lon . Street 21 127 . 8th .... lo . do do . . do 21 1: 7 . 9th .... lo .do do do 21 131 lo Se McLaws do 22 127 . llth lo An dersoii Hood do ... . 21 1GS . 14; h lo Th oinas Ponder ...Hili 23 . 15th .... lo Be imng. ....Hood Lon ^street .... 21 1 .,) W, )fford McLaws do 2 1-2s . 17th ....do .. ...Be 1Mb do W ming itf ord Hood . . Me I iws do 21 128 . 2nth ....do Bt nning . ... Hood do 21 151 . 22d ....do W, iirht" Uil! 22 1 32 . 24!h ....do W, )fford Mcl/nvs Lon gstreet 22 US . C5th do Th nnas Pender Hill 23 ins . 45th ....do .do do do 23 I,- 1 . 4Mh ....do Wi iirht . .. .Anderson do. 22 163 . 49th do Th unas fender do 23 131 . 50th do Se nines McLaws Lor 22 131 . 51st do .do do do 22 131 . 53d ....do .do do do 22 127 . 59th ... .do An derson .... Hood do 22 13-, .Cobb s Leirion W( .tford .... McLaws do 21 132 .Phillip s .do .do do do 22 14th Regiment. 6 .. 20th.. .do INDIANA. UNION. .1st Carroll 3d Hays . 2d Berdan 1st Howard. . . .2d Hancock.. .3d Birney 40 MAINE. UNION. 3d Regiment. 4th ....do ... 5th ....do ... 6th ....do ... 11-2 .. ICth do .. . 13 .. 17th ....do ... (H .. 19th do ... 31 .. 20th do ... .2d Berdan 1st Ward. . do do .2d Bartlett 3d Wheeler. .3.1 Russell 1st Wriffht . .1st Coulter 2d Robinson, .3d De Trobriaiid 1st Ward .1st Harrow... 2d Gibbon. .. .3d Rice . .. .1st Barnes.. . .3d Birney , do .6th Sedirwick .... do? .1st Newton .3d Birnev... 4", 4- , 46 47 41 44 2d Hancock 28, 35,38, 69 .5thSykes 45 19-b. 1st Regiment . 12 .. 7th ....do 31 .. 9th do .. 1-2 .. 10th do .... 19-b. Hth ....do .. MASSACHUSETTS. UNION. .1st Carr 2d Humphreys. . 2d Eustis 3d Wheaton . . . .2d Sweitzer 1st Barnes .2d Enstis 3d Wheaton . . . .1st Carr 2d Humphreys. . .3d Birney .6th Sedirwick .5th Syk es .6th Sedirwick .3d Birney 44 44 45,47 44 44 90 IXDKX. KEY. REGIMENT. BRIGADE. DIVISION. COKPS. PAGE 117 .. !2th Regiment 2d Baxter 2d Robinson 1st Newton 41 112 .. 13th ....do 1st Coulter do do 41 61 .. 15th... do 1st Harrow 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock 38, fij) 19-b. 16th do 1st Can- 2d Humphreys 3d Birney 44 39 .. ISth do 1st Tilton 1st Barnes . . 5th Sykes 47 71 .. 19th ... do 3d Hall 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock.... 23,33,37, 63, 75 68 . . 20th do do do do 33, 38, G9 39 .. 22d do 1st Tilton 1st Barnes 5th Sykes 47 26-a..2Sth ....do 2d Kelly 1st Caldwcll 2d Hancock 45 31 .. 32(1 do 2d Sweitzer 1st Barnes 5th Sykes 45 115 .. 33d . .do 2d Smith 2d Steinwehr llth Howard 41 12 .. 37th do 2dEustis 3d Wheaton Cth Sedgwick 44 MICHIGAN. UNION. 39 .. 1st Regiment 1st Tilton 1st Barnes 5th Sykes 47 13 . . 3d . . . .do 3d De Trobriand. . . .1st Ward 3d Birney 44 31 .. 4th . . .do 2d Sweitzer 1st Barnes oth Sykes 32, 33, 3S. 45 13 .. 5th. ..do 3d De Trobriand 1st Ward 8d Birney 44 69 .. 7th ...do 3d Hall 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock 33,33. 09 31 .. 16th ...do 3d Rice 1st Barnes 5th feykes 45 MINNESOTA. UNION. 60 72 V 1st Regiment 1st Harrow 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock 33, 42. 69 60 ) 72 I 74 | MISSISSIPPI. CONFEDERATE. 169 .. 2d Regiment Davis Heth Hill 23 169 . llth ...do do do do 23 148 .. 12th .. .do Posey Anderson do 22 138.. 13th. ..do Barksdale Alt-Laws Longstreet 22 14S .. 16th .. .do Posey Anderson Hill 22 138 .. 17th .. .do Bark sdale McLaws Longstreet 22 13S .. ISth .. .do do do do 22 148 .. 19th . . .do Posey Anderson Hill 22 138 .. 21st ...do Barksdale McLaws Longstreet 23 169 .. 42d ...do Davis Heth Hill 23 148 .. 4Sth ...do Posey.. Anderson do 22 NEW HAMPSHIRE. UNION. irling 2d Humphreys . . IcKeene 1st Caldwvll 19-b.. 12th .. .do 1st Carr 2d Humphreys 3d Birney 44 19 .. 2d Regiment 3d Burling 2d Humphreys 3d Birney 45 27.. 5th. ..do... ...4thMcKeene 1st Caldwvll 2d Hancock.. 45 NEW YORK. UNION. 5th Cavalry Farnsworth Kilpatrick Pleasanton , 43 10th... do 2d Smyth 3d Hays 2d Hancock 40 57 . . 20th N. Y. S. M 1st Rowley 3d Doubleday 1st Newton 38, 44, 70, 73 106 .. 39th Regiment 3d Sherrill 3d Hays 2d Hancock 40,71 13 .. 40th... do 3d De Trobriand 1st Ward 3d Birney 44 73 .. 42d ...do 3d Hall 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock 28,33,37,64 31 .. 44th .. .do 3d Rice 1st Barnes 5th Sykes 45 22.. 52d ...do 3d Frazer 1st Caldwell 2d Hancock 45 22 .. 57th. ..do do do do 45 27 .. 59th ...do 3d Hall 2d Gibbon do 33,38. 69 27 .. 61st ...do 4th McKeene 1st Caldwell do 45 40 .. 62d do 3d Nevins 3 Wheaton Cth Sed^wick 4(5 26-a . 63d ...do 2d Kelley 1st Caldwell 2d Hancock 45 23 .. 64th .. .do ..4th Brooke do do 45 14 .. 65th ...do 1st Shaler 3d Wheaton 6th Sedgwick 44 22 .. 66th. ..do .3d Frazer 1st Caldwell 2d Hancock 45 14 .. 67th . .do 1st Shaler 3d Wheaton Cth Sedirwick 44 26-a. 69th ...do 2d Kelley 1st Caldwell 2d Hancock 45 21 .. 70th ...do 1st Excelsior. 2d Brewster 2cl Humphreys 3d Birney 45 21 .. 71st ...do 2d do do do do 45 21 .. 72d ...do 3d do do do .do 45 21 .. 73d ...do4th....do do do do 45 21 .. 74th .. .do 5th do do do do 45 66.. 82d ...do 1st Harrow 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock 38.69 117 ..83d .. .do 2d Baxter 2d Robinson do 41 7 .. S6th do 2d Berdan 1st Ward 3d Birney 43 26-a . 88th ...do 2d Kelley 1st Caldwell 2d Hancock 45 112 .. 94th .. .do 1st Coulter 2d Robinson 1st Newton 41 117 .. 97th .. .do 2d Baxter do do 41 112 ..104th ...do 1st Coulter do do 41 108 ..103th .. .do 2d Smyth 3d Hays 2d Hancock 40 105-a. lllth ,. .do 3d Sherrill do do 40, 71 INDEX. 91 KEY. REGIMENT. BRIGADE. DIVISION. CORPS. PAGE 21 . 20th Regiment 2d Brewster . . . 2d llum[,h;v\s 3d Birnev 45 33 . 1st do . . ..2d Bartiett 3d Wheaton Oih Sed-wick... 14 . 22d do ...1st Shaier do do". 44 I . 24th. ...do ....2.1 Berdan ....1st Ward 3d Birnev 43 102-a 25th... .do 3d Sherrill.. . . 3d Hays 2d Hancock .... 40 105 . 26th. ...do do do do 40,71 115 . 30th. ...do 2d Smith . . . .2d Steinwehr llth Howard 41 30 . 14oth do ..3d Garrard . . . 2d Avres Sth Svkes 47 36 . 146th do do do do 47 NEW JERSEY. UNION. 24 1st Regiment 1st Torbert 1st Wriirht 6th Sedgwick 45 24 f > l \ do do <]() do 45 24 . 3d do do do do 45 19 . 5th ....do 3d Burlin- 2d Humphreys 3d Birney 45 19 Otii do do do .... do 45 19 7th ....do do do .... do 45 19 . Sth ....do do do .... do 45 1 JO 11th. . do ... .1st Carr do .... do 44 10- 12th ....do 2d Smvth 3d Huvs 2d Hancock 40, 71 24 . 15th do 1st Torbert 1st Wright 6th bedgwick 45 NORTH CAR OLINA. CONFEDERATE. 173 . 2d Regiment Ramseur ....Rodes Ewell .. 23 173 . 4th ....do do do do 23 107 . 7th ...do ....Lane Pender Hill 23 160 . llth ....do PeUii.Tt.-w lleth ..do .. 23 150 . 13th ....do ... Scales Pender ..do 23 173 . 14th ....do .... Ramseur Rodes Ewell 23 150 . 10th ....do .... Scales Tender Hill 23 107 . 18th do . . ..Lane (1 . . do 23 156 22.1 do .. Scales do . .do 23 107 . 23.1 do Lane do . . do 23 160 . 20th do I ettiirrew Heth . . do 23 173 . 30th do Ramseur Ewell 23 197 . 83,1 do Lane . ...Pender .. do 23 150 . 34; li ....do .. . .Scales do .. do 23 107 . 37th ...do Lane do .. do 23 150 . 3-th ...do Scales do .. do 23 160 . 47th ....do Pettiirrew Heth .. do 23 160 . 52d do do do .. do 23 OHIO. UNION. 46 . 1st Cavalrv 1st Farnsworth 3d Kilpatrick Pleasanton 43 4th Regiment . . . .1st Carroll ....3d Havs 2d Hancock 40 9; Sth do do do do ...28, 40, 41, 72 115 . 55th do 2d Smith 2d Steinwehr llth Howard.... 41 115 . 73d .... do do do do 41 55 .. 40 .. 14 .. 19-b. 15 .. 28 .. 13 .. 31 .. 13 .. 13 .. 7S .. 89 .. S3 .. 27 .. 14 .. 31 .. 117 .. 117 .. 30 .. 40 . 83 .. 33 .. 40 .. 7 .. 40 .. 13 .. PENNSYLVANIA.-UNION. 6th Cavalry Merritt 3d Kilpatrick Pleasanton Ibth do 1st Farnsworth do do 23d do 1st Shaier 3d Wheaton 6th Sedgwick .20th Regiment 1st Carr 2d Humphreys 3d Birnev 49tu do 3d Russell 1st Wriirht Gth Sedgwick . . .4th Brooke 1st Caldwell . . . . .2d Hancock. . . 5-3.1 do 57th do 1st Madill 1st Ward 3d Birney 6M do 2d Sweitzer 1st Barnes Sth Svkes o... ...1st Madill 1st Ward... ...3dBi 63d irney 6Sth do do do do 44 G9th do 2d Webb 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock ..33, 35, 37. 63, 66. 67 71st do do do do 33.35.36,63,66,67 72,1 do do do do 33, 36. 37, 63, 66. 67 Slst do 1st McKeene 1st Caldwell do 47 S2d do 1st Shaier 3d Wheaton Gth Sedgwick 44 S:;d do 3d Rice 1st Barnes Sth Sykes 45 S>th do 2d Baxter 2d Robinson 1st Newton 41 90th do do do do 41 91st. ...do 3d Ganard 2d Ayres Sth Svkes 47 93d do 3d Nevins 3d W heaton 6th Sedgwick 46 95th do 2d Bartiett do do 46 90th do do do do 40 9Sth . . .do 3d Nevins do do 40 99th do 2d Berdan 1st Ward 3d Birney 43 102d . do 3d Nevins 3d Wheaton Oth Sedgwick 40 105th do 1st Madill 1st Ward 3d Birney 44 106th !. . do .. 2<:1 Webb 2d Gibbon 2d Hancock 31 92 INDEX. KEY. REGIMENT. BRIGADE. DIVISION. CORPS. PAGE 112 .. 107th Regiment... 1st Coulter 2d Robinson. . . . .1st Newton. . 43 13 .. 110th do 3d De Trobrian 1. ...1st Ward .. .3d Binicy 44 19 .. 115th ....do 3d Burling.. . . 2d Humphreys. . do 45 2<3-a . 110th do 2dKellev ....1st Caldwell... ....2d Hancock ... 45 39 .. USth ....do ...... .1st Tilton .. ..1st Bnines . ..5th Svkes 47 15 .. 119th ....do 3d Russell 1st Wright ...Cth Sedgwiek.. 47 11 .. 121st ....do 1st Rowley .... ....3d Doubleday... . . 1st Newton 44 40 .. 139th ....do 3d Nevins ....3d \\heaton .... ...6th St-djrwick.. 46 22 .. 140th do 3d Frazer 1st Caldwoll ...2d Ilaneock .. 45 13 .. 141st do 1st Madill 1st Ward ...3d Birnev 44 11 .. 142d do 1st Rowley SdDotibledav... ...1st Newton ... 44 9 .. 143d do 2d Dana do ...."... do 44 28 .. 145ih ....do 4th Brooke IstCaUhvfll.... . . .2d Hancock 45 27 .. 14Sth do 1st McKeene. .. do .., do 45 9 .. 149th ....do 2d Dana ....3d Doubleday... . ..1st Newton . . . 44 9 .. 150th do do do do 44 54 .. 151st do 1st Rowlcv.... ....2d Gibbon 2d Hancock ... 38. 44, 70, 73 36 .. 155th do 3d Canard 2d Ayres . . .5th Sykes 47 PENNSYLVANIA RESERVES. 53 .. 1st Regiment .. IstMcCandless 3d Crawford .. ...5thSykes... 46 53 .. 2d do do do do 46 38 .. 5th ... lo 3d Fisher do do 47 53 .. Cth ... lo 1st McCandless do do 46 38 .. 9th ... lo 3d Fisher... do do 47 88 .. Kith ... lo do do do 47 68 .. llth ... lo 1st MeCandless do do 46 38 .. 12th ... lo 3d Fisher do do 47 51 .. Ifct Rifle 1st McCaudless do do 46 REGI LARS. UNION. 55 .. 1st Cavalry Merritt... ....3d Kil pat rick... . ..Plensanton ... 4S 55 .. 2.1 do do do do 48 55 .. 5th ....do do do do ... 48 32-b. 2d Regiment 2d Burbank.... . . . .2d Avres ...5th Svkes... 47 82-a. 3d do 1st Day do do 47 32-a . 4th do ... . do do do 47 32- a. 61 h ....do do do do 47 32-b. 7th do 2d Burbank ... do do 47 32-b. 10th ....do do do do 47 32-b. llth ... do do do .do 47 32-a. 12th ....do 1st Dav do do 47 32-a. 14th do do do do 47 S^-b. 17th ... dc 2d Burbank ... do do 47 RHODE ISLAND. UNION. 12 ..2d Regiment 3d Eustis 3d Wheaton... 6th Sedgwick, SOUTH CAROLINA CONFEDERATE. 171 129 129 129 129 171 171 171 129 171 . 1st Regiment MeGowan 2d d( Kershaw Fender Hill 23 ..McLaws. 22 t do . 7th ... d( .. Sth ... d( 12th d( do . do 22 do do do 22 23 23 .. McGowan Fender Hill... do 13th d( do do . . . 14th do do do do 23 . 15th ....d( .Orr s Rifles Kershaw . . . .McLaws . . . Lon "street . ..McGowan . . ...Fender... ...Hill... 23 TENNESSEE. CONFEDERATE. 160 .. 1st Regiment Archer 160 .. 7th . ..".do do . . 160 .. 14th do do .. .Heth . do.. . do.. .Hill. . do . .do . TEXAS. CONFEDERATE. 126 .. 1st Regiment Robertson Hood Longstreet 126 .. 4th do do do .do .... 126 .. 51st do do do do VERMONT. UNION. 46 .. 1st Cavalry 80 .. 2d Regiment 80 .. 3d .....do 30 .. 4th do ... .1st Fnrnpworth 3d Kilpatrick. . . .2d Grant 2d Howe do do ... do do . . . ..Fleasanton ....6th Sedgwick. do ...do ... 22. SI 5:2 22, 82 INDEX. 03 KEY. KEGIMKNT. BRIGADE. DIVISION . CORPS. PAGR 30 .. 5th Regiment 2d Grant 2d Howe 6th Sedgwick 4T 30 .. 6th . ...do do do do 47 12th . . do 3d Stannard 3d Doubleday 1st Newton 40 <V2 13th do -. .do do do 3S, 39. TO. 73 50 . . 14th .".". .do...... do do do 29,30,35,71,73 15th ...do do do do 40 G3 .. iGih do ... ...do do do 30, 33, 70, 73 VIRGINIA. CONFEDERATE. 3d do do do 22 145 Ctli do Mahone Anderson Hill >2 143 7th do Kemper ..Pickett Longstreet 22, G9 1 53 9th do do do 1 13 do ....do 22 145 I - th do Mahone \nderson Hill 22 1 .-,3 14th do \rmistead Piekett . . Longstreet . ... 22 14") 16th do Mahone \nderson Hill 23 17 -> Heth do 22 143 Pickett . . Lonsstreet . - 22 do 23 -> 4 ith do Brokenborou^h ..Heth Hill 22 41st do Mahone do 2 > 47th do do do . do 23 53 53d do Pickett Lon^street . . 22 23 72 55th do Brokcnborotigh. . ..Heth 23 53 . 145 . 57th ....do . 61st do ... Armistead ...Mahone..., ..Pickett . .Anderson. . . Longstreet ...Hill... 23 22 WEST VIRGINIA. UNION. 46 .. 1st Cavalry 1st Farnsworth 3d Kilpatrick Pleasanton 4S . . 7th Regiment 1st Carroll 3d Hays 2d Hancock 40 WISCONSIN. 15 .. 5th Regiment 3d Russell 1st Wright 6th Sedgwick 47 O Reynolds, Major-General, 1st Corps (killed July 1st) 16, 17, 24, 40 81 Rice, Col. 3d Bri<r. (Vincent s), 1st Div., 5th Corps (16th Mich., 44th N. Y., 83d Pa., 20th Me. Vols) 45, 75 26 Robertson s Brig. (1st, 4th, and 51st Texas, and 3d Ark. Reg ts) 21. 22 114 Robinson. Brig. -General, 2d Div., 1st Corps 19, 41, 54. 72. 73 Rodes (Major-General) Dividon 23, 41 D Round Top 12. 13, IS, 21. 25, 45, 46. 47. 4S, 62, 74 11 Rowley, Bris.-Genl. 1st Bris., 3d Div.. 1st Corps (121st, 142d, 151st Pa. Vols., and 20th N. Y.S. M.) 33, 44 Ruser s (Brig.-General) Division. 1st Div.. 12th Corps 20, 21 15 Russell, Brig.-Gen., 3d Bris., 1st Div., 6th Corps (5th Wis., 6th Me., 49th and 119th Pa. Vols.).. 47 Saville. Capt. (Col. Smyth s Staff) 40 93 Sawyer. Col., Sth Ohio Vols 2S, 41,72 156 Scales Brigade ( Lourance) (13th, 1 6th, 22d, 34th, and 3Sth N. C. Reg ts) 23, 29, 39, S2, S3 Schimmeli hennig, Bris.-General, 2d Div., and 2d Brig., 2d Div., llth Corps 17 120-a Schurz, Briir. -General, 3d Div., llth Corps 17, 41 29 Sed2 wick. Major-General, 6th Corps 44, 46, 47, 73, 74 Seeley, Capt., 111th N. Y. Vols ..... 71 Selfri dge, < ;.-nera! 54 Q Seminary (Theological) 13, 14, 16. 17. 44. 46 Seminary Uidirc 13, 14, 16, 17, 21, 22, 24, 34, 72 131 Semmes Brig. (10th, 50th, 51st, and 53d Ga. Reg ts) 22 14 Shaler, Briir.-Gen., 1st, Bris.. 3d Div., 6th Corps (65th, 67th, 122d N.Y.. 23d and S2d Pa. Vols.) 21, 44. 54, 74 160 SlK-pard, Colonel, of Archer s Brigade SI 109 Bherrill. Col., 3d Briir., 3d Div., 2d Corps 40, 71 Sickles Ridse 14 Sickles, Major-General 15, IS, 19. 20. 54 Slocum, Major-General 20. 34, 54. 61 115 Smith, Col., 2d Brig., 2d Div., llth Corps (55th, 73d Ohio, 136th N. Y. and 33d Mass. Vols.) .... 41, 72 Smith, Col.. 71st Pa. Vols 67 104 Smyth. Col., 2d Brig., 3d Div., 2d Corps 40, 71 South Mountain 15 51 Stannard, Bris.-General. 3d Bris., 3d Div., 1st Corps 26, 28, 35, 36, 3S. 39, 40, 54, 63, 70, 73 Steel, Lieut-Col., 7th Mich. Vols . 38 120 Steinwehr, Brig.-General, 2d Div., llth Corps 16, 41, 54, 72 Stone, General 54 S4 Stone Wall 23. 33, 34, 35, 36. 65. 67, 81, 82 31 Swvitzer. Col.. 2d Bris., 1st Div., 5th Corps (4th Mich., 62d Pa., 9th and 32d Mass. Vols.).. IS, 45, 47, 54, 74 23 Sykes. Major-General, 5th Corps 46, 54, 62, 73 A & Y Taneytown Road 42, 46, 47. 61 163 Thomas s Brig. (14th, 35th, 45th, and 49th Ga. Reg ts) 23, S2 Thomas, Lieut.-Col., 59th N. Y. Vols 63 39 Tilton. Col.. 1st Brisr., 1st Div., 5th Corps (1st Mich., 118th Pa. Vols.) IS, 47, 54, 74, 75 121 Tompkins, Col.. Chief 6th Corns Artillery 42 X Town of Gettysburg 13, 14, 16, 17, 41 94: INDEX. KEY. PAGE 24 Torbert, Brig.-Gen., 1st Brig., 1st Div., 6th Corps (1st, 2cl, 3d, and 15th N. J. Yols.) 45, 40, 73, 74, 76 125 Trevor, Sergeant, 5th U. S. 42 15S Trimble, Major-General 28, 26. 29. SO. S2, S3 13 De Trobriand, Col, 3d Brig., 1st Div., 3d Corps (3d, 5th Mich., 17th Me., 40th N. Y., and 110th Pa. VoK) 43, 44, 54 Tschudy. Lieut.-Colonel, 69th Pa. Yols 37 Upton, Col., (si-c Bartlett s Brigade) 46 Vincent, Brig.-General, 3d Brig, 1st Div., 5th Corps 12. 13, 18. 45 C Vincent s Spur 12, 18 Wadsvvorth, Brig. -General, 1st Div., 1st Corps 44, 54, 73 Walker. Mr 31. 54 4 Ward, Brig.-General, 1st Div., 3d Corps 43, 54. 73 Warren, Britr.-General (Chief Engineer Army Potomac) 54 81 Webb, Brig.-General, 2d Brig., 2d Div., 2d Corps.. 26, 2S, 34, 35, 36, 37, 3S, 39, 42, 43, 54, 03, 64. CC. 67. 6!, 70, 76, SO Weed, Brig. -General 12, IS, 47, 73 B Weed s Hill 12 Wessels, Capt 35 35 Wheaton, Brig.-General, 3d Div., 6th Corps 46 G Wheat Field . 12, 15, IS, 19. 46 135 Wilcox s Briir. (Sth, 9th, 10th. llth. and 14th Ala, Reir ts) 19, 22, 29, 30, 54, SO, 83, 84 4S-a Willard, Col., (killed. July 2d), 3d Brig., 3d Div., 2d Corps 19, 40 Williams, Brig.-General, commanding 12th Corps 20. 54 Wister. General 54 132 Wofford s Brisr. (16th. ISth. and 24th Ga. Re- ts. Cobb s and Phillips Legions) 19. 22, 32 25 Wright. Brig.-General, 1st Div., 6th Corps 45, 47 151 Wright s Brigade 19, 22, 29, 80 York Road. 16 53 Zook, Brig.-General (killed, July 2). 3d Briu ., 1st Div., 2d Corps 19 131862 BERKELEY LIBRARIES