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GIFT or 
 
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 'mnc^.6^ 
 
A MANUAL 
 
 FOE THE USE OF 
 
 ^^OTARIES PUBLIC 
 
 AMD 
 
 BANKERS; 
 
 COMPRISING A 8TTMMABT OP THE LAW OP BILLS OF EXCHANGE AND OF PROMISSORY NOTIIS, BOTH 
 
 IN^ EUKOPB AND TUK UNITED STATES — CHECKS ON BANKKKS — AND fclGUT BILLS — WITH 
 
 APPKOVED FORMS OF PROTEST AND NOTICE OP PROTEST ; AND P.EFEP.ENCES 
 
 TO IMPORTANT LEGAL DECISIONS ; ESPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR 
 
 THE rSE OF NOTARIES PUBLIC AND BANKERS. 
 
 By BERNARD ROELKER, A. M., of the New York Bar. 
 
 THIRD EDITION, 
 
 WITH NUMEEOrS ADDITIONS IN REFEnENCE TO BILLS OP EXCHANGE AND PP.OMISSOBY NOTES; 
 
 PROTEST ; TRANSFER OF BILLS AND NOTEi ; LETTERS OF CREDIT ; FORGED BILLS ; FRAUDULENT 
 
 AND LOST BANK BILLS; SIGHT BILLS, AC, AND P.EFEKENCES TO RECENT DECISIONS 
 
 IN THE UNITED STATES AND ENGLISH COURTS; AND A SYNOPSIS OF THE USURY 
 
 LAWS OF EACH STATE, AND THE LAW OF DAMAGES ON PROTESTED BILLS. 
 
 By J. SMITH HOMANS, 
 
 Editor o{ the " Bankers' Magazine," and Notary Public in and for the City of New York. 
 
 53'cu)-ll|orIx : 
 
 PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICE OF THE BANKERS' MAGAZINE, 
 No. 162 Pearl-street. 
 
 SOLD BY G. p. PUTXAM <t CO., NO. 321 BROADWAY. 
 
 1857. 
 
 Copies mailed to order, substantially bound. Price $2, including postage, pre-paid. 
 
^t §anlin's' Sarja^inc aiii ^tatistital ^rjtsttr. 
 
 Published monthly at No. 1Q2 Pearl Street, New- York. Terms, Five Dollars 
 
 per annum. All orders and subscriptions to be forwarded per mail to the Editor 
 
 and Publisher, 
 
 J. SMITH ROMANS, 
 
 i^ p > t II «g 
 
 The following are a few of the many voluntary and favorable opinions expressed by Bank 
 ofiQcers, as to the value of this work to Banking Institutions • 
 
 MoNTlcKLLo Bank, CHA.RLOTTBByiLLB. Virginia, Dec. 8, 1S55. 
 J. Smith IIomans, Esq., 162 Pearl Street, New-York : 
 
 Dear Sir : — I enclose a check for subscription to your work to June next. It affords me pleasure to make 
 this remittance, feeling satisfied it is by far the most prnjitable investme.nt we have ever made. I feel amply re- 
 paid by the single article in the December No., " Suggestions to young Cashiers on the duties of their profession," 
 s.x\i w ^xe the subscription price Jive times the sum, I should consider this article a good set off for the whole 
 amount. Very Respectfully, 
 
 B. C. Flannaoan, Cashier. 
 
 Albany City Bank — I am surpriRed to learn that there are s« many banks in onr State not on your siibscrip- 
 tinnlist. Now I might alniosl add my amazement that there should be a so/iiar;/ one of sound character not 
 availing: itself of a work so useful and valuable as I regard your Magazine. It will give me pleasure to promote 
 its circulation by any means in my power. 
 
 I heard it very highly spoken of in London when there recently, and especially so by Mr. Gilbart, whose praise 
 
 in that regard is worth having. 
 
 Watts Sherman, Cashier Albany City Bank. 
 
 April, 1851. 
 
 From a Massachusetts Cashier. — I read your work with great interest, and I know that I have profited by 
 it. I am confident that my success is owinij in a great measure to the information which your pages have 
 given rae. 
 
 Neiv-York Statb Bank, Albany. — I consider your work a very valuable one, and highly deserving the sup- 
 port of bankers, and of the business community. You have my best wishes for your success. 
 
 i. B. Plumb, C&ahier, Albany, 
 April, 1851. 
 
 Your periodical is one of the most valuable of the day. 
 
 J. 8. Gibbons, Cashier Ocean Bank, 
 April, 1851. - 
 
 Agricultural Bank, Herkimer, JV. T. 
 We prize the work very highly, and are very desirous of having it complete, that it may be bound and pre- 
 served. The information it contains on the subjects of banking and finance is invaluable to the banker, the 
 merchant, and the financier. 
 
 September, 1650. 
 
 Baltimore and Philadrlphia. — The undersigned, subscribers to the Bankers^ Jllagazine, have carefully 
 examined the plan and execution of the work, and cordially approve of the manner in which it is conducted , 
 believing that it is a medium of interesting and important information, and fully entitled to the support of 
 banking instilulions throughout the U-nited States. 
 
 C. C. Jamisov, Cashier Bank of Baltimore, K. Mickle, Cashier Union Bank of Maryland. 
 
 D. Sphiog, Cashier MerrlKints Bank, " John S. GirriNGs, ['resident Chesapeake Hank, 
 Jatod lliF.R, President Marine Bank, " 3. B. Trevor, Cashier Philadetiihin Bank. 
 
 J. 11. (.^AUTER, Cashier Western Bunk, " W. Patton, Jr., Cashier Farmers' and Meek. Bmk, 
 
 T. Cross, Cashier Commercial and Farmers^ Bank, JaMBS UusSell, Cashier Bank of Penn Township. 
 
 Boston. — The undersigned coincide with the opinion above expressed, and cordially unite in recommending 
 the Bankers' Magazine to all hankitii? institutions, as well worthy the attention of the presidents, eabhiers, di- 
 rectors, and ofli'iers generally, of the banks throughout the United States. 
 
 Jamkh Doon. Co-ihier Massachusetts Bank, Boston, W. FT. Foster, Cashier Bank of Ceimmerce, Boston. 
 
 E P. Clark, Cashier JVew- England Bank " Charles Spraoue, Cushier Cinbe Bank, " 
 
IMPORTANT WORKS OF REFERENCE, 
 
 FOR BANK DIRECTORS, CASHIERS, CLERKS AND MERCHANTS. 
 
 THE MERCHANTS & BANKERS' REGISTER, (formerly Almanac.) 
 
 For the years 1851, 1852, 1853, 1854, 1855, 1856, 1857. 
 
 I. The Register ou Almanac for 1851 contains Coinage — Pnlilic 
 
 Debt — Revenue Expenditures of tlie UiiifeJ States for eaoli year, laSD-lS.")!. 2. Ofticial 
 Value of Foreign Coins. 3. Fluctuations of English and United States Stocks for the yc;ir 
 1850. 4. Rates of Exchange between London and New York for each month, 182'2-ls.')n. 
 
 II. The Register or Almanac for 1852 contains Abstract of the 
 
 Laws for the United States Mint. 2. Laws of the State of New York from Bank Depart- 
 ment Bank Note Redemption Law — New Insurance Laws. 3. Notes on Coins in General 
 
 Use. 4. McCullocirs Tables of Gold, Silver and Copper Coins of all Nations. 5. Fluctuations 
 of Stocks in the \eav 1851. 6. Divisions in various States upon Bills of Excliange and Notes. 
 7. Table of Foreign Coins Current in the United States. 8. Forms of Bills of Exchange, in 
 eight European languages. [^Xone of the above matters appear in the subsequent volumes.'\ 
 
 III. The Register or Almanac for 1853 contains Commercial and 
 
 Excliange Tables of all Nations. [Condensed from TaiCs Modern Camhist.'] 2. New Yavie- 
 ties of Gold and Silver Coins and Bullion. By J. R. Eckfeldt and \V. E Du Bois, of the 
 United States Mint. 3. Elaborate Essays from the " London Quarterly Review" and 
 " London Economist," on the Production and Consumption of Gold and Silver throughout 
 the World. 4. Engravings of Sixty-five Recent Gold Coins. 5. Census Returns of the 
 United States — relating to Property — Mortality — The Blind — Insane, <tc. \^None of these 
 matters are contained in the subsequent voluincs.] 
 
 IV. The Register or AL:\rANAc for 1854 contains : 1. An Alpha- 
 betical Li:^t of all the Banks in England, Scotland and Ireland — tlieir Managers and Agents. 
 2. Laws of the State of New York, in relation to Banking Associations and Individual 
 Bankers — including the Currencj^ Laws passed in 1854, with an Alpliabetical Index to 
 Subjects 3. What Shakspeare says about Gold and Silver. [N'onc of these matters are con- 
 tained in any of the other volumes.^ 
 
 Y. The Register or Almanac for 1855 contains : 1. Description 
 
 and Ten Engravings of the New Bank Buildings of New York. 2. The Free Banking Law 
 of Illinois. 3. Statistical History of Great Britain for fifty years. (1.) Notal Statistics. 
 (2.) Food. (3.) Stimulants. (4.) Textile Manufactures. (5.) Imperial Parliaments. (6.) 
 Ministers of the Crown. (7.) National Debt of Great Britain, each year, 1800-1850. (8) 
 Taxation, Income, Expenditure, Loans, Ac., of Great Britain, each year, 1800-1850. ^9.) 
 Customs, Postage Revenue, tfec, each year, 1800-1850. 4. History of the Stock Exchange. 
 
 6. Financial Review of the year 1854. 6. History of the Coal Trade of tlie United States. 
 
 7. The Relative Values of Gold and Silver. ByDr^ Michelse.x. \None of these matters are 
 contained in the other volumes of this series.'\ 
 
 YI. The Register OR Almanac for 1856 contains: 1. Tlic Usnrv 
 
 Laws and Law of Damages on Protested Bills of each State in the Union. 2. Prize Essay 
 on Banking — ^Suggestions to Young Casliiers on the Duties of their Profession. By Ilim. 
 Lorenzo Sabine, of Massachusetts. [This Kssai/ obtained the premium of one hundred dollars, 
 offered by the Editor of the Bankers' Magazine, for the best contribution on the subject] 3. 
 The History of Commerce, from the earliest period to the present time. 4. Recent Bank 
 Arcliitecture of New York — Engravings (by the best New York artists) of the New Bank 
 Buildings of the year 1856. 5. History of" Foreign Banking Institutions. 6. Financial 
 Review of tlie year 185.5. 7. Chronology of the year 1855. 8. On the Standard of Gold and 
 Silver. [Xowe of the above matters are contained in either of the other volumes of this series.] 
 
 YII. The Register or Almanac for 1857 contains: 1. A List of 
 
 all the Banks in each State — arranged alphabetically in Cities and States — names of Presi- 
 dent and Cashier of each. 2. List of Private Bankers in Tliree Hundred Towns and Cities 
 of the United States — and in Europe, Asia. South America, ttc. 3. Alphabetical List of 
 all the Cashiers in the United States — residence of each. 4. Members of the New Y<iik 
 Board of Brokers. 5. Statistics of the Bank of England and Bank of France. 6. Banks of 
 the City of New York— President, Vice-President, Cashier, Assistant Cashier, Notary, Divi- 
 dends, Discount Days of each. 7. Revenue, Expendituie, Debt of European States. 8. 
 Commercial Statistics of the United States. 9. Cotton and the Cotton Manufacture of the 
 World. 10. The Consular System of the Uniied States. 
 
 1^== Price of Each , 8 1 . Complete Sets of the WorJc, $7. 
 
 J. SMITH HOMANS, Jr., No. 162 Pearl-street, New York. 
 
IMPORTANT WORK FOR BANKERS. 
 
 (^Formerly Almanac^) 
 
 One Volume^ octavo^ j)JP- 200, contains information whicJi should 
 be on every Cashier s and Banker^s desk, viz. : 
 
 I. List ok all the Banks in the United States, Name of President and Cashier. II. Names 
 OF Private Bankers in all the Towns and Cities of the United States. III. Alphabeti- 
 cal List of Cashiers in the United States. IV. Members of the New York Board of 
 Stock Brokers. Y. New Essay on Exchange, by J. E. McCulloch, author of the Commer- 
 cial Dictionary. YI. List of Prhate Bankers in all parts of the "World. YII. Cotton 
 Statistics of the whole World to the present time. YIII. On the Kigiits and Duties 
 of Consuls. IX. Finances of European States. 
 
 OPINIONS OF XnE WORK BY BANKERS. 
 
 From the Bank of O'wego. — I enclose $1 12 for a copy of the Merchants and Bankers' 
 Register. It is a very convenient and desirable book for tlie cashier's desk. Tlio«e wlio do not get one are 
 penny wise and $1 12 foolish. E. "W. AVaknek, Caahier. 
 
 Prom the Branch Bank of Tennessee, Columbia. — I am deliglited with your Magazine- 
 and recommend it to every banker and bank officer wiio deserves to succeed in his profession. I deem it 
 indispensable to the attainment of a correct view of the principles of good banking. 
 
 Prom, the Troy City Bank. — I think the Bankers' Begister grows more interesting as 
 its numbers increase. It is got up with great taste, and edited with much ability. Could some of its 
 "suggestions" liave met my eye whilst I was indeed a " young CASpiER," I should have been saved mucli 
 trouble and moitiflcation, and thousands of money. God speed your invaluable work ! 
 
 S. K. Stow, Cashier. 
 
 The Merchants and Bankers' Almanac for 1855. /. Smith JImnans. — It is difficult 
 to imagine a more useful or convenient appendage to any office, in which exchange and money transactions 
 fall within the line of business. The amount, indeed, of valuable information is great, and its arrangement 
 most judicious, and there are some bits of knowledge that we do not remember to have seen in previous pub- 
 lications. Thus, within the compass of thirly pages, is a summary of the laws of each State respecting interest 
 and usury, and elsewhere a list of private bankers in the principal cities and towns of the United States .and 
 Canada. Perhaps our eye more naturally wanders to the copious statistics of Great Britain ; but the truth is 
 tliere is something to be gleaned from every page. — .A^. Y. Albion. 
 
 The Merchants and Bankers' Almanac for 1855. — For a merchant, a mechanic or a 
 firmer to make himself acquainted with the financial affairs of our country and the world, has heretofore been 
 tliought waste time, or about as important as the study of architecture, medicine, or Greek and Hebrew • hut 
 lit any business-man look over the " Merchants and Bankers' Almanac," published by J. Smith Ilomans. 70 
 "Wall-street, and he will soon bo satisfied that ^practical use can be made of the v.nluablc information therein 
 contained. It furnishes a financial review of the past year ; a list of all the Banks and Bankers in the country ■ 
 a statistical history of Great Britain for the past fifty years; a statement of the revenue, expenditures and 
 public debt of the United States; many statistical tables, etc., etc. One volume, octavo, 200 pages. Trice 
 one dollar. — N. Y. Independent. 
 
BANK LIBRARIES. 
 
 Every well managoJ Banking Inslitutinti line a Library, small or large, of standard work.son Bankinf;, Bills, 
 Notes, and upon collateral topic-, for the use ol the president, cashier, otlicers and directors. Such works shouUl 
 be acces.sible by every Bank ofticer, and arc especially useliil to the Bank clirk who aims at advancemenl in 
 his protession, and whose services thereby are more valuable to thi^ inslitulion in which he is employed. 
 
 For the convenience of subscribers to ihe Bankers' Magazine, the followitiii; works are kepi ou hand at No. 
 IC'i Pearl-street, and copies will be furnished, either by mail ore.\i)ress, to order: 
 
 I. HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL ACCOUNT OF THE FOREIGN COMMERCE 
 of the United States, and of each State, for each year, 1820 — 1856; The Exports to and 
 Imports frotn every Foreign Coutitry, each year, 1820 — 1856 ; Commerce of the Early Colo- 
 nies; Origin and Early History of each State. 8 vo., pp. 200. $1 OU. 
 
 II. THE BANKING SYSTEM OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, with notes and 
 references to adjudged cases; including an account of the New-York Clearing House. 2. 
 A Historical Sketch of the former and present Banking Systems of the State. 3. All the 
 e.\isting Statutes relating to Banking. 4. A List of all Banks chartered or established be- 
 tween the years 1791 and 1856. One vol. 8vo., pp. 440. $i 00. 
 
 IH. THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF BANK BOOK-KEEPING, and Joint Stock 
 Accoutits; exemplified and elucidated in a complete set of Bank Account Books, (j^rinted in 
 colors,) arranged in accordance with the principles of double entry, and etnbraeing the routine 
 of business from the organization of a company to the declaration of a dividend ; with all tlie 
 forms and details, and an original diagram. By C. C. Marsh, Accountant. 1 vol. 4to. $1. 
 
 IV. A MANUAL FOR CONSULS; including Regulations prescribed by the President, 
 of the United States for Consular Officers of the United States, and a Preliminary Sketch of 
 the Consular System. $2 50. 
 
 V. GILBARrS PRACTICAL TREATISE ON BANKING. Last ed. 1 vol. Svo. pp. 
 600. $2 60. 
 
 VL THE MERCHANTS' AND BANKERS' REGISTER FOR 1857. (In lieu of the 
 Batikeiii' Altnanac,) with McCullocii's New Essay on Exchange, Alphabetical List of Cashiers, 
 List of Private Bankers, &e. $1 12. 
 
 VII. MANUAL FOR NOTARIES PUBLIC AND BANKERS. New edition, with im- 
 portant additions and recent decisions, published March, 1857. $1 50. 
 
 VIH. THE BANKERS' MAGAZINE AND STATISTICAL REGISTER, motithly. 8vo. pp. 
 84, making an annual volume of one thousand pages, with the latest decisions and informa- 
 tion geuerally for Banks, Bankers, Bank Directors, Bank Clerks, Notaries, <tc. $5 00. 
 (Back volumes furnished to order, bound, $5 50.) 
 
 IX. COMMENTARIES ON THE LAW OF BILLS OP EXCHANGE, Foreign and Inlatul, 
 as administered in England and America. By Hon. Joseph Story. 1 vol. 8vo. Price $5 50. 
 
 X. COMMENTARIES ON THE LAW OF PROMISSORY NOTES, AND GUARAN- 
 TIES OF NOTES AND CHECKS ON BANKS AND BANKERS, with occasional illus- 
 trations from the Commercial Law of the Nations of Continental Europe. By Hon. Joseph 
 Story. Svo. $5 50. 
 
 XI. COMMENTARIES ON THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES, with 
 a Prelitninary Review of the Constitutional History of tlie Colonies and States before the 
 adoption of the Cotistitution. By Hon. Joseph Story. 2 vols. Svo. $7 50. 
 
 XH. The same Work, abridged. r2mo. $1 00. 
 
 XIH. BYLES ON THE LAW OF BILLS OF EXCHANGK Svo. $2 00. 
 
 XIV. CHITTY ON" BILLS. Edited by Hon. J. Story. Svo. $5 00. 
 
 XV. THE AMERICAN CONVEYANCER, containing a large variety of Legal Forms 
 and Instruments adapted to Popular Wants and Professional Use. By George T. Curtis, 
 Esq. 1 vol Svo. $1 00. 
 
 XVL AMERICAN ALMANAC. 26 vols., complete, bound. $40 00. 
 
 XVH. BRITISH ALMANAC AND COMPANION. 26 vols., complete. $20 00. 
 
 XVIH. BANKERS' ALMANAC— 1851 to 1857. Complete. 7 vols. Bound, $7 00. Sepa- 
 rate volumes, $1 00. 
 
 XIX. LAWSON'S HISTORY OF BANKING, with List of Works on Banking. .$2 00. 
 
 XX THE BANKERS' COMMON PLACE BOOK. By A. B. Johnson, J. R. MoCulloch, 
 J. W. Gilisart and others. 12ino., jip. 300. 50 cents. 
 
 XXI. REMARKS ON BANKS AND BANKING IN THE UNITED STATES. By 
 H. F. Baker, of Cincinnati. $1 00. 
 
 XXIL CURRENCY OR MONEY. By W. Hooper, Esq., of Boston. Svo. 60 cents. 
 
 XXHI. CHRONICLES OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE. By John Francis. $1 00. 
 
 Copies supplied to order by 
 
 J. SMITH HOMA.NS, Jr., No. 162 Pearl-street. 
 
THIRD EDITION— Published May, 1857. 
 
 FOR THE CASHIER'S DESK. 
 
 MANUAL FOR NOTARIES PUBLIC AND BANKERS. 
 
 A Manual for the use of K^otabies Pubuc and Bankers, compeistng a Summaky of the Law 
 OF Bills of Exchange and Promissory Kotes — both in Europe and the United States. 
 Checks on Bankers and Sight Bills, with approved forms of Protest and Notice of Pro- 
 test, and references to important legal decisions. Adapted to the use of Notaries 
 Public and Rank Officers. By Bernard Roelker, Esq., of the New-York Bar. New 
 edilion, April, 1857, with exteusive additions, 
 
 By J. SMITH IIOMANS, 
 Editou of "The Bankers' Magazine," and Notary Public. 
 
 The new edition of 1857 contsiins the following new subjects, with all the new cases in the 
 United States and Great Britain, in reference to the Law of Bills of K^change, Promissory 
 Notes, Pi-otests, &c. : 
 
 CHAPTER I— Of Bills OF EscirAXGE—l. Whafi.t a Bill? 2. BiUs and Kotea Accepted and Made hy 
 Agentx. 3. 7'htif, of Preni'ii'iuent. 4. EsfL-iinex for Due P resentment. 5. Fiirnl AccepUince. 6. De- 
 .structio7i of a BUI. 7. Stittutes (i,s to Acceptance. 8. Acceptance of a N^nn-egcistinr/ Bill. 9 Erasure of 
 an Acceptance. 10. M^tiver of Acceptance. II. CoiuJ it ianiil Acceptance. Vl. HightH of an Acceptor, 
 Supra Protefit. 13. What i.<t <i Promi.'i.sniy Note f 14 Xote.i Pai/alde to a Fictitious Per.sc7i. 15. Where 
 is the Place of Picywent? 16. Ban/c Che'c/iS. 11. Days of Grace on Si(iht Bilti>. IS. (i/-cumstances to 
 Excuae Presentment. 19. Presentment— hi/ xchofn, to he made. 20. Mode of Presentment. 21. Mode, 
 of Demand. 22. Kxceptions to JMnand. 23. Waiver of Piotest. 24. Protest of Foreign Bill-<t. 25. Lex 
 Loci. 26. Notice to Endorsers in the tame Ton-n. 27. When Notice to he Giren. 2S. Notice to Non- 
 residents. 29. An Endorser Bound to Give Notice. 30. Notice hy Special Mi-ssevger. SI. Notice to 
 Joint Endorser.i. 3.'. Death ff Endorser. 33. Acceptor, Supra Protest. 84. To what Place should No- 
 tice he Sent? 85. Deci.->io7i>t in Neto Yorl\ 86. Persons ly v:hi.m Notice is Given. 87. Agents. 
 
 C!I APTEli ir.— 3S. The Liahilily of Bonis a'< Agents. 89. (an a Demand he made legally hy a No'ary's 
 Clerk? 40. Form of Ni'tice. 41. Use of J'' iiited. Signatures. 42. E.rcu.'^es for irant of Presentment. 
 43. Waiver of Notice. 44. Guaranty of Bills. 45. I'o.'^t Bills. 40. Forged Bills and Notes. 41. Days 
 of Grace on Checks. 
 
 CHAPTER III.— Of THE Tp.ansfkrofCills and Notes— I. 'Wiiomay Tkansfer.— 1. Transfershy Infants. 
 2. Triin.\fi;rshy Married Women. 8. TrawfersJiy Executirrs, Assigni-ex, Trtuitees. I'artners. <S:c. ]I. To 
 WHOM TiiETBANSFER MAYBEMADE. — Transfers to prior Endorsers. \\\. Modfs OP Transfer. — 1. Trans- 
 fers if Non-Negotial/le Bills or Notes. 2. Transfers of Negotlatde Bills or Notes. 3. Transfer of Bills, 
 tfcc, payahle to a fictitious person. 4. Assignment of Negotiahle Bills. 5. Effect of Omissionto Endorse. 
 G. Form of Endorsement. 7. Form of Ewlorsemenily Agent. 8. Kinds of Endorsement. 9. Blank En- 
 dor.umeiit. V). Endorsements in full and jjartly in full. 11. Uestrictire Endorsement^'. 12. Qnalifed, 
 Endorsements. 13. Conditional Endorsements. IV'. Time op Transfer. — 1. Effect of Transfer hefore 
 maturity. 2. Endorsements iipnn Blank Paper. V. Obi.i<;atio>8 of Endoksers. — 1. Ohligations vpon 
 Transfer hy Endorsement. 2 OtiUgaHons vpon Transfer ly Delivery, f,. Revocation of Endorsement. 
 CHAPTER I v.— Op Eetters of Credit. 
 
 CHAPTEP^ v.— Of Dank ^inT.%.— Forgery. LinhiUty for redemption of Stolen Bills. 
 CHAPTER VI.— 77i« Laws of each State in reference id Interest and Damage on Bills of Exchange. 
 One volmne, octavo, pp. 232. Frice $2 00. [Copies wilt be tnailed to order, price %2 00, 
 
 including posiae/c, pre-paid.) 
 
 J. SMITH HOMANS, Editor of the Bankers' Magazine, 
 
 Ao. 1G2 J^carl-street, New York City. 
 
 Manual for Bankers.— Tha title of this booV, -B-hich we transcribe nt length above, indioates with sufficient 
 ili^tiiifliifss its ii.iture ami olijecis. Tliough we possess in gL-iiiriil ilie prcifefsional dislilie to Manuals and 
 other S^lmrt-Haiicl Melhoilsof cramming law inio laymen, which "enlorprisinf; Pulilisliers" occasionally in- 
 tlict on society, we iniisl except from llio rule I'f condemnatiun Ibis accnrale and convenient liltle Irealise, 
 both on account of its subjects and its manner of prepaiation. A work of the kind is continually needed hy 
 that class to which it addresses itself. From the character of their business they must frequently bo 
 called upon to solve, iti action, questions upon the loss of hills and notes, which even a well-read lawyer would 
 hesitate to answer ofi-hand. Tliis being so, ihe Kotary Puiilic, who very rarely has had any legal training, 
 mu-t need at liis elhow some safe guide lo which he can turn with conflilence in an emergency for the requi- 
 site information. Such, we can state from examination, is the work Ijefore us. It is a compact and careful 
 summary of Iho law on subjects which it treats, with a collection <d" the Statistics and Notes of the Principal 
 Decisions Ijenring thereon. A resume of the Law of the (.'oatinent ot Europe, with regard to bills and notes, 
 is prefixed, and will be found of very considerable value. — Americmi Law Magazine. 
 
 1 have not examined carefully the " Manual for Notaries Public," but as fir as T have had occasion to refer 
 to it, have found it a valuable work, and one almost indispensable to every Banker and Notary Public. 
 
 II. S. Flvnt, Cashier Sandusky City Bank. 
 
 From such examination as I have been enabled to give your " Manual for Notaries Public," I am of opinion 
 thatitis a convenient and highly usetul aid to Bank Oflicers aii<l Notaries.very many of whom are unskilled in 
 the forms and not versed in Ihe'legal questions which are so impori.nnt and of fnquent occurrence in the dis- 
 charge of their duties. J. H. TE.MrLE, Cashier Farmers' Bank vfKy. 
 
 Your "Manual for Notaries Public." from the parli:d examination given, we take pleasure in saying, is the 
 most satisfactory ami concise work of the kind we have ever examined, and we tliink it adiniral)ly adapted to 
 the purposes intended ; not only convenient to the Banker and nou-profc-^sional man, but a work we think 
 calculated to save great labor and investigation of the more ponderous works on that tnbject, to the legal 
 profession. TucivBK, Brannin it Co., Bankers, Louisville, Ky. 
 
LIFE INSURANCE. 
 
 ARTICLES Ul'OX THE SUBJECT OF LIEE INSURANCE, CONTArilED 
 IN THE BANKERS' MAGAZINE AND STATISTICAL REGISTER. 
 
 I. Recent Cases in the English Courts in reference to Life Insurance, — Construc- 
 tion cf " Commit Suicide," — Premiums on Policies, — &.C. 
 
 II. Life Insurance, — Tables of Mortality, — Life Annuities, — Probabilities of Hu- 
 man Life. From the t'rejichof IM. A. Quetelet. With llie Bcl^'ium Tiibles of IMortalily, Dr. Halley's 
 Tables of Breslau, and the Netherlands Tables. 
 
 III. Life Insurance, — Its Benefits, — Its Commencement, — Suicide of an Insurer, 
 
 — Insurance of Invalid Lives, — The Gresham, — The We^jt RlKldlesex Delusion. 3y John Fuancib, 
 Esq., Author of History of the Bank of England. 
 
 IV. Life Insurance. Review and Analysis of an Historical and Statistical Account 
 of the Population, the Law of Mortality, and the ditTerent Systems of Life Insurance ; including the Va- 
 lidity and Non-validity of Life Policies. With Observations on Friendly Societies and Savings Banka, 
 ice. By Alfred Burt, Esq., Secretary to a London Life Ollice. 
 
 V. Tables adopted by St. Clement Danes Savings Bank Government Annuity In- 
 stitution; also. Comparative View of the E.vpeciation of Life according lo the Northampton, Carlisle, 
 and Government Annuity Tables. From Gilbart's Practical Treatise on Banking. 
 
 VI. Remarks on the Unfitness of Life Policies as a Security for Loans. By James 
 
 W. GiLBART, Esq., Manager of the London and Westminster Bank. 
 
 VII. History of Bills of Mortality. By Joshua Milne, Esq., Actuary to the Sun 
 Life Assurance Co. From the Encyclopadia Britannica. Seventh Edition. 
 
 VIII. Remarks on the Law of Population and Mortality as evidenced in the Health 
 Reports of Baltimore, Md. By John H. Ale.xander, Esq. 
 
 IX. Remarks on Life Insurance. By Robeet Chambers, Esq., of Edinburgh. 
 
 X. Principles of Life Insurance, — Mutual and Proprietary Systems. From Cham- 
 bers's Edinburgh Journal. 
 
 XI. Remarks of the London Spectator on the Eighth Annual Report of the Registrar- 
 General, — On the Defects in the Practice of Life Insurance, and Suggestions for their Remedy. By 
 Alexander Robertson. And Burt's Historical and Statistical Account of Population and the Law of 
 
 Mortality. 
 
 XII. Life Insurance, — Its Advantages to the Working Classes ; a Lecture deliv- 
 ered to the Mechanics' Institute and Library Association of Quebec, iiy the Rev. Dr. Cook. 
 
 XLII. On the Moral Duty of Life Insurance. From Cliamhers's Edinburgh Journal. 
 
 XIV. The Law of Life Insurance. Fourteen Cases in the English Courts. I. Con- 
 cealment of facts. 2. Misrepresentation of medical referee. 3. Residence of the assured parly. 
 4. Misrepresentation affects the interest of third parties. 5. Agency. 6. Verbal misrepresentation. 
 7. Concealment of immaterial facts vitiates a policy. 8. What is to be considered " a disorder jlending 
 lo shorten life." 9. Epilepsy. 10. Unintentional concealment of material facts. II. False statements 
 by a wife not to prejudice a claim on a company by the husband. 12. Unintentional misrepresenta- 
 tion. 13. Insurable Interest. 14. Refusal to pay policy on the ground of fraud. 
 
 XV. Principles of Life Insurance, — Bate and Tables of Mortality, — Rate of Inter- 
 est, Examples of Life Insurance Calculation, — Formation of Rates, — Moral Duty of Life Insuranca 
 From Chambers's Information for t/ie People. 
 
 XVI. The Law of the State of New York, passed April, 1851, "in relation to all 
 
 Companies transacting the business of Life Insurance wiihin this Slate." 
 
 XVII. Four important Cases before the English Courts upon Life Insurance, viz. : — 
 
 1. Misrepresentation of facts, in answer to parol inquiries at time of etfccting insurance, an avoidance 
 of the policy. 
 
 2. Banlfjptcf of insured no defence \i\ an action to recover subsequent premium pai(l by assignee of 
 policy. 
 
 3. O*_^tiction of words importing disease. 
 
 4. Declaration as to habits of the insured material, though shown not to have affected the risk. 
 
 XVin. Extracts from Report of a General Plan for the Promotion of Public and 
 
 Personal Health, devised, prepared, and recommended by Lemuel SuArrucit, of Boston, Natbamuu. 
 P. Banks, and Jbhiel Abbott, a Board of Commissioners appointed under a Resolve of the LcgiilaUir* 
 <rf Massachusetts relating to a Sanitary Survey of the Swie, 1850. 
 
 Ed" The Baniers' Magazine leill contain all new eases in Life Insurance. 
 PubliBhed Monthly. Five Dollars per annum. J. SJIITH HOMANS, 
 
Late American Coins. 
 
 NEW VARIETIES OF GOLD AND SILVER COINS, COUNTERFEIT COINS, AKD 
 
 BULLION; WITH MINT VALUES. 
 
 Second Edition, rearranged, with Numerous Additions. 
 By JACOB R. ECKFELDT AND WILLIAM E. DU BOIS, 
 
 ASSAYERS OF THE UNITED STATES MINT. 
 
 TO WHICH IS ADDED A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF THE COLLECTION OF COINS 
 BELONGING TO THE UNITED STATES MINT. 
 
 By W. E. DU BOIS. • 
 One Volume, Octavo, tvitk Sixtg-Jive Engravings. Price, One Dollar. 
 
 I. Recent Coins of the World. 
 
 1. Belgium. — 2. Bolivia. — 3. Britain. J. Central America. — 5. Chili. — 6. China.— 7. Eva- 
 dor.— 8. France. — 9. Germany. —10. Hayti. — 11. Mexico. — 12. Milan. — 13. Netherlands. 
 — 14. New Grenada. — 15. Norway. — 16. Peru. — 17. Prussia. — IS. Russia. — 19. S;am. — 
 20. Sweden. —21. Turkey. — 22. United States. — 23. California. 
 n. Recent Counterfeit Coins. 
 UI. Gold from California. 
 rV. Recapitulation of the net Mint Value of Gold and Silver Coins issued within Twenty-five Ye;»n» 
 
 past, 
 V. Silver from Lake Superior. 
 VI. Table of Correspondence between Pennyweishts and Grains, and the Decimal Frtictiona of a Troy 
 
 Ounce. 
 VII. * Comparison of American and Foreign Weights used for Precious Metals. 
 VIII. Bulk and Packing of Precious Metals. 
 IX. Determination of the Value of a Specimen of Gold or Silver in its Native Rock, or Gangue. 
 X. Transaction of Business at the Mint. 
 
 XI. Miscellaneous: — 1. Shipments of California Gold to London. — 2. Wear of our Silver Coins. — 
 3. Gold Pens. — 4. Georgia Diamonds. — 5. Our Copper Coinage. — 6. American Spoons and 
 Stirrups 
 
 PART SECOND. 
 
 COLLECTION OF SPECIMEN COINS AT THE MINT, PIIILADKLPniA. 
 
 I. Remarks on the Coins of the Roman Empire 
 
 .. Era of the Republic. 2. Julius Ctesar to Trajan. — 3. Hadrian to Elagabahis. ->- 4. SeK-ru.* 
 Alexander to Claudius Gothicus. — 5. Aurelian to the End of the Western E.iipire. — 6. Byzan- 
 tine Empire. 
 IT. Greek Coins. — Greek Republics. III. Greek Monarchies. IV. Persia. V. Fieyiit. VI. .Syri*. 
 VII. Le.s3er Monarchies of Gr »ce. Asia Minor, &c. VIII. Baciria, Bokhara. — Cabul. 'X. Mi'dern Conis. 
 T. Additiooa. 
 
 One vtinme, actavo, tett/i Siztyjlvt Engravings of Recent Coins q/various Xations. Price, One 
 Dollar. 
 For sale by all booksell«<sa. 
 
 J. SMITH HOMANS Waix Strrbt. N. Y., 
 
AN 
 
 HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL ACCOUNT 
 
 OF THE 
 
 FOREIGN COMMERCE 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNITED STATES, 
 
 enOWING THE FOREIGN COMMERCE OP EACH STATE, WITH THE AGGREGATE IMPORTS 
 
 FROM, AND EXPORTS TO, EACH FOREIGN NATION, FROM THE YEAR 1820 TO 
 
 THE YEAR 1856, AND THE FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 WITH EVERY IMPORTANT MARITIME COUNTRY IN THE WORLD 
 
 DURING THE SAME PERIOD; INCLUDING A REVIEW OF 
 
 THE PROGRESS OF AMERICAN COJOIERCE, AKD A 
 
 PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF THE TRADE OF 
 
 THE AMERICAN COLONIES. 
 
 C OMPILED BY 
 
 J. SMITH IIOMANS, Junior. 
 
 KEW YOKK: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY G. P. PUTXAM & CO., 321 BROADWAY. 
 
 J. SMITH ROMANS, JUNIOR, 1G2 PEARL STREET. 
 
 1857. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 Colonies, 
 
 Maine, 
 
 New Hampshire, 
 
 Vermont, 
 
 Massachusetts, 
 
 Rhode Island, 
 
 Connecticut, 
 
 New York:, 
 
 New Jersey, 
 
 Pennsylvania, 
 
 Delaware, . 
 
 Maryland, 
 
 District of Coluitbia, 
 
 Virginia, 
 
 North Carolina, 
 
 South Carolina, 
 
 Georgia, 
 
 Alabama, 
 
 Florida, 
 
 Louisiana, 
 
 Michigan, 
 
 Ohio, 
 
 Illinois and Others, 
 
 Texas and California, 
 
 Progress op Commerce, 
 
 Belgium, 
 
 England, 
 
 Ireland, . . 
 
 Scotland, 
 
 Gibraltar, 
 
 Malta, . 
 
 British East Indies, 
 
 Cape of Good Hope, 
 
 Australia, 
 
 honditeas, . 
 
 BRiTisn Guiana, 
 
 British West Indies, 
 
 PAOB 
 I 
 
 . 8 
 
 10 
 
 . 12 
 
 14 
 . IG 
 
 18 
 . 20 
 
 22 
 . 24 
 
 26 
 . 28 
 
 30 
 . 32 
 
 34 
 . 36 
 
 38 
 . 40 
 
 42 
 . 44 
 
 46 
 . 48 
 
 50 
 . 52 
 
 54 
 . 66 
 
 68 
 . 10 
 
 72 
 . 74 
 
 76 
 . 78 
 
 80 
 . 82 
 
 84 
 . 86 
 
 88 
 
VI 
 
 Contents. 
 
 Canada, .... 
 
 British American' Colonies, 
 
 Other British Coloxies, . 
 
 France, Atlantic, 
 
 France, Mediterranean, . 
 
 French West Indies, . 
 
 French Guiana, 
 
 Denmark, 
 
 Danish West Indies, 
 
 Holland, 
 
 Dutch West Indies, . 
 
 Dutch East Indies, 
 
 Dutch Guiana, . 
 
 IIanse Towns, 
 
 Prussia, .... 
 
 Russia, 
 
 Sweden and Norway, 
 
 Swedish West Indies, 
 
 Spain, Atlantic, 
 
 Spain, Mediterranean, 
 
 Teneriffe, . 
 
 Manilla, 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Spanish West Indles, . 
 
 Portugal, . 
 
 Madeira, 
 
 Fatal, etc.. 
 
 Cape Yerd Islands, 
 
 Italy, 
 
 Sardinia, 
 
 Sicilies, .... 
 
 Trieste, 
 
 Turkey, 
 
 Hayti, . 
 
 Spanish American Colonies, 
 
 Mexico 
 
 Uruguay, .... 
 Colombia, 
 Central America, 
 New Granada, 
 Venezuela, 
 Brazil, . 
 
 Argentine Republic, 
 Chili, .... 
 
 Peru, 
 
 CinNA, .... 
 
 Mauritius, 
 
 Asia, ..... 
 
 r\OB 
 90 
 92 
 94 
 
 96 
 9S 
 100 
 10 '2 
 104 
 lOtJ 
 108 
 110 
 112 
 114 
 116 
 118 
 120 
 122 
 124 
 12G 
 128 
 130 
 
 i:!4 
 
 132 
 
 13G 
 
 138 
 
 140 
 
 142 
 
 144 
 
 146 
 
 148 
 
 150 
 
 152 
 
 154 
 
 156 
 
 158, 
 
 ICO 
 
 102 
 
 164 
 
 IGG 
 
 168 
 
 110 
 
 172 
 
 174 
 
 176 
 
 178 
 
 180 
 
 182 
 
 1S4 
 
HOOKS FOR BANKERS. 
 
 V. LAWSON'S HISTORY OF BANKING. 
 
 Thb History of Banking, with a Compuehensive Account op the Origin* Rise, aho Prookbsi 
 OP THE Banks OP England, Ireland, and Scotland. Bv WILLIAM JOHN LAWSON. F»a»T 
 American Edition, one Volume octavo, pp. 350. Price Two Dollars. 
 
 The A[4)endix to this tcork contains asfullotes : 
 
 \. Copy of the Bank Charier of 1844. II. Original By-Laws of ihe Bank of England. III. Annual 
 Piofils of llie Bank from Circulation of Notes and from Governinenl Business. IV. Progress of the 
 English National Debt from its Beginning till 1316. V. Progress of the Stale Revenue from William the 
 Conqueror (lOOO) to the Year IS30. VI. Aimual Amount of Taxes from 1793 to 1815. VII. Account of 
 the Expenses of Xin Bank for Managing the Funded Debt; for Circulation of Notes; for the Banking 
 Department. Vlil. Account of the Number of Licenses to Country Bankers from 1809 to 1832. IX. Ac- 
 count of the Assets of the Bank. X. Transfer Days at the Bank; South Sea House and East India 
 House. XI. Sir Isiiac Newton's Report on the Coinage. XII. Account of the Process of Coining at ihe 
 English Mint. XIII. The Irish and Scotch Banknig Acts. XIV. Form of Bond for Cash Account in the 
 Scotch Banks. XV. List of Works consulted by the Au'.^r. 
 
 To ihe American Edition are appended thefoUoieing A? tides, making /orty pages : — 
 L A List of Rare and Valuable Works on Banking, Currency, Coins, <kc., published in Great Britain 
 from 1679 to 1844. With Remarks upon the most important, by J. K. McCulloch, Esq. 
 
 II. Sketch of the Origin of Savings Banks in Great Britain, and of the Existing Laws for their Gov- 
 ernment. {From Bohn's "Standard Cyclopaedia of Political, Constitutional, Statistical, and Fo- 
 reneic Knoxeledge." London, 1843.) 
 
 III. A List of One Hundred and Fifty Books and Pamphlets contained in the BcsUin Athenaeum, upon 
 the Subjects of Banking, Currency, Credit, &c., published between 16S3 and 1843. (.This list comprises 
 tht na'Hes of many works concerning the early Banks and Currency of the American Colonies and 
 States, note out of print or exceedingly scarce.) 
 
 IV. An Account of the Banking Institute of London. 
 
 V. Alphabetical List of English and American Works on Banking, Colrm, Currency, Bills of Ex- 
 change, <Scc. 
 
 VI. An Index to Articles upon the Subjects of Banks, Banking, Bank of England, Bank of United 
 States, Savings Banks, Coins, Coinage, Currency, Finance, Gold and Silver, Interest, Mint, Money, 
 Usury, Repudiation, &c. containeo in the British and American Periodical Works of the last fifty Years. 
 CompiliO by Wm. F. Poole, Assistant Librarian of tjie Boston Athenseum. {By means of this huiex 
 only the reader can readily fmd the elaborate and valuable essays contained in the Edinburgh and 
 London (iuarterly Reviews, The Merchants' and The Banlcers' Magazines, American Quarterly 
 and North American Revieres, Silliinan's Journal of Science, Niles's Register, ajid many other lead- 
 ing periodicals. It will also er^ble the reader to find readily the writings — the authorthtp lutherto 
 unknown in many cases — of the following r ^tributors.) 
 
 Humboldt, Baron, 
 Johnson, A B., 
 Jacobs, Wm., 
 Lanman, J. H., 
 Madison, J., 
 
 Appleton, Nathan, 
 Adams, Charles F., 
 Asliburlon, Lord, 
 Bancroft, Geo., 
 Bell, G. M., 
 Binney, Horace, 
 Brougham, Lord, 
 Carey, Henry C, 
 Carey, Matthew, 
 Cary, T. G., 
 Chandler, P. W., 
 Congdon, J. B., 
 
 D'Argnul, M., 
 De Morgan, 
 Dwighi, E., 
 Everett, A. li., 
 Fillmore, Millard, 
 Fosdick, D., 
 Foster, J. B., 
 Foster, W. H., 
 Gallatin, Albeit, 
 Gilbari. J. W., 
 Gouse, W. M., 
 Gordon, Tho. F., 
 
 McCulloch, J. R., 
 McDufTie, Geo., 
 Middlelon, Henry, 
 Otis, G., 
 
 Peabody, O. W. B., 
 Phillips, W., 
 Polk, J. K., 
 
 Ropes, J. S., 
 Seaman, E. C., 
 Smith, F. O. J., 
 Smith, J. V. a, 
 Sparks, Jared, 
 Tucker, Geo., 
 Wallenstem, J. D., 
 Weimore, W. S., 
 Wharton, F., 
 Whipple, John, 
 Willard, A. P. 
 
 The History by Mr. Lawson contains many interesting <letails relating to the Early Currency of Great 
 Britain, — The Lombard Jews, — The Exchequer, — London Private Bankers of the 17ih, 18th. and 19th 
 Centuries, — Origin of Banks in England, — Bills of Exchange, — History of the Bank of England. — 
 The Goldsmiths, — The Clearing-House, — Frauds of Fauntleroy, Stephenson, &c., — Origin of Private 
 Bankers, — Savings Banks, — Joint-Stock Banking, — Irish Banking, — Scotch Banking, — Bank 
 Failures, — Monts de Piele, — Loan Societies, — &c. 
 
 Mr Lawson has given us a very interesting vwlume, as his contribution to the History of Hanking. 
 fie has taken ereal pains to make his imrk accurate : ami a.-" it is the resull of many years' labor and 
 research, ll possesses a higher value iban could be claimed for a more ephemeral proiluclion. He prn- 
 •ents us with a good general view ii( the slate of banking, and incidentally o( com" tree also, from ihe 
 earliiHt periiKls to the [jrcsenl lime . ami he has interwoven hi." facts so plexs.intly with aaocdol-cal nar- 
 ralive that the vrork will ha found interesting by all classes nf readers. — London Bankert' Maganiu. 
 
PRIZE ESSAYS FOR BANKERS. 
 
 THE BANKERS' MAGAZINE AND STATISTICAL REGISTER CON- 
 TAINS THE P^OLLOWING PRIZE ESSAYS, WHICH DESERVE THE 
 CONSIDERATION OF BANK OFFICERS. 
 
 I. 
 
 SuGUESTioNS TO Young Cashiers on the Duties of their Profession. 
 By Lorenzo Sabine, of Framinghaw, Massachusetts. 
 
 *** To the author of this Essay rras axBurdtd the prtmium of one hundred dollars, offered by the 
 editor of the Banhcra' Magazine. 
 
 On the Adaptation of Recent Inventions to the Purposes op 
 Practical Banking. By Granville Sharp, of Norwich. 
 
 I. On Architectural Models that may suqf/est Improvements in the Banking House or 
 
 O'ifice. 
 
 I. Doors, Windows, and Shutters. 2. Acoustic Tul)e3. 3. Wind Guards and Cowl3 for ChimneyB. 
 4. Fireproof Floors, Ceilings, and Koofs. 
 
 II. On Light, Heat, and Ventilation. 
 L Light, —Gas, Candles. 2 Heal. 3. Ventilation. 4. Health and Comfort of Bank Clerks. 
 
 ni. On Discoveries in the Fine Arts, by which the Interior of a Bank may be decorated. 
 
 IV. On Discoveries by which the Bank Furniture may be rendered more commodious. 
 
 1 Door Balances. 2. Bi!vel Lift Latch. 3. Self-acting Door Fa.stenirig9. 4. Floor Cloth. 5. Scraper 
 and Foot Brush. 6. Tahle Bells 7. Pedestal Coal Vases. 8. Folding Library Steps. 9. Fire Annihi- 
 lalor 10. New Venetian Blind.s. II. BaiikConiiier and Money Drawers, — new plans. 12. Safety 
 Collection Boxes and Fixtures. 13. Specie Travelling Trunks. 
 
 V. Improvements in Writing- Paper, Pens, Ink, Account- Books, Scales, Letter- Copy i'Vj 
 Machines, and other Instruments used in carrying on the Business. 
 
 1. Improvements in Paper. 2 Chemical Paper for Checks. 3. IMelallic Paper. 4. Brown and Blol- 
 tina Papers. 5. Envelopes. 6. Gold ami Steel Pens and Handles. 7. Ink and Ink-Bottles. 8. Account- 
 Books 9. Account-Book Rulins. 10. VV^eighing Machines. 11. Decimal Balances. 12. Letter-Copy- 
 ing Machines. 13. Screw Copying Presses. 14 Paper Dampers, l.j. Patent .Autographic Press 
 16 Maiiifolil Writer. 17. Stamping and Printing Presses, Seals, and Letter Clips. 13. Numerical 
 Stamping Machines. 19. Enihossing Presses. 20. Seals. 
 
 VI. Improvements tn frinting and Engraving, 
 1. Engraving and Printing Bank Checks. 2. Bank-notes. 3. Cutting Notes. 4. Notes in Duplicate 
 
 VII. New Inventions in the Construction of Locks and Safes. 
 
 1. Patent Bank Locks. 2. Guarded Tumbler Locks. 3. Letter Locks. 4. Iron Safes. 6. Fo-eign 
 Safes. 
 
 *♦* To the author of this Essay ( Clerk i>i the East of England Bank, Noneich) teas ateardti the 
 premtmn of one hundred pounds sterling, offered by James W. Gilbart, Usq., of the London and 
 Westmiiisier Bank. 
 
 D3~ In press, for the Bankers' Magazine, " A Manual for Notaries Public, comprising a Summary 
 of the Law of Bills of Exchange and Promissory Notes, with Forms, itc." 
 
 All irders for the Bankers' Magazine to be forwarded per mail. 
 
 J. SMITH HOMANS, Wall Street, New York. 
 
Bankers' Magazine Advertising Sheet. 
 
 mmm mi mm 
 
 » » ■ 
 
 The Bankers' MAaAZii^E for September, 1854, contains, entire, the noted case of Ellis 4 
 Morton vs. The Ohio Life Insueanck and Trust Company, with the decision of the Superior 
 Court of Cincinnati, as delivered by Judge Stoker, revised by him, and furnished for pahiica- 
 tion in the Bankers' Magazine. Also, a summary of all the cases (forty in number) referred to by 
 the Court, from the English and American reports ; these have now been brought together for the 
 first time, and form a valuable series of cases for the Banker, upon the subject of Fraudulent 
 Bills, Bank Checks, Bank Notes. 
 
 SUMMARY OF CASES. 
 
 Enolish Cases. — 1. Young vs. Grnte ; 2. Snnw vs. Peacock ; 3. Beckwith vs. Cnrratl ; 4. Slater V8. West , 
 5. AtlimanvB. Anderson; 6. Goodman vs. Harvey; 7. Uther vs. Rick; 8. Foster vs. Pears'm ; 9. Ilramah v». 
 Roberts; 10. Price vs. Neal ; 11. Wilkinson vs. Lutividge ; 12. Jenyns vs. Fowler; 13 ISas.'i vs. Clive ; M 
 Smith vs. Mercer ; 15. Jones vs. Hyile ; 16. Bruce vs. Bruce ; K. Smith vs. Chester ; 18. Lickbarmw vs. Mason ; 
 19. Wilkinson vs. Johnson; 20. Cook vs. Masterman ; 21. GUI vs Cuhitt ; 22. Down vs. Hailing; 23. Jiall 
 vs. Fuller ; 24. Lawson vs, Weston ; 25. Crook vs. yarfi* ; 26. Backhouse vs. Harrison. 
 
 American Casks. — 1. Levy vs Bank U. S. ; 2. Sank V. S. vs. Bank State of Georgia; 3. Gloucester Sank 
 vs. Salem Bank ; 4. Bank of SI. Albans vs. Farmers' and Mechanics'' Bank ; 5. Bank of Commerce vs. Union 
 Bank, N. Y. ; 6. Goddard vs. Merchants' Bank ; 7. Marsh vs. Small ; 8. CiV;/ Bank, JV. O., vs. Girard Bank ; 
 9. //er/ l^ Co., vs. Schultz ; 10. Powell vs. Jones ; 11. Talbot vs. Bank of Rochester ; 12. Canal Bank vs. .ffiniA 
 of Albany ; 13. Cone vs. Baldwin; 14. VfAee/er TS. Guild; 15. Adams vs. Otterback ; 16. UVfSi^r V9. JVV.r/A 
 Ritier .Su rti, JV. V. 
 
 Every Bank and Private Banker, Bank Officer and Bank Director should have a ccpj 0/ 
 these decisions. 
 
 The present volume of the Bankers' Magazine will contain a History of Banking in Tennassee. 
 Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Louisiana, and other States ; an alphabetical list of cashiers in tii*- 
 United States; a list of private bankers in every town and city of the United States. 
 
 Monthly, Five Dollars per annum. All orders to be addressed 
 
 J. SMITH HOMANS, 70 Wan Street, N. Y. 
 
 Fron.t Massachusetts Cashier. — I read your work with great interest, and I know that 1 have profited by 
 It. I am coiifldent that my success is owing in a great measure to the mforination which y )ur jiages have 
 given me. 
 
 I consider your work a very valuable one, and highly deserving the support of bankers, and cf the businesu. 
 community. You have my best wishes for your success. 
 
 April, 1851. •'. R Plums, Caskutt. Albany. 
 
 Your periodical is one of the most valuable of the day. 
 April, 1851. 
 
 J. S. GiBBriNs. I'a-ffVr Ocenn Bank, N. Y. 
 
 Jlgrtcultuja, hank. Herkuner, /V. Y. 
 
 We prize the work very highly, and are very desirous of having It rniii(i|eie, u- 1^ H may be ^M>lull^ nvA pr- 
 scrved. The information it contaiiiS on the subjects of banking and Gnamu is inrn'tiable to ttio t>i;;ier, u.. 
 merchant, and the tliiancier. 
 
 September, 1850. 
 
 I am surprised to learn mat mere are so many hanks In our Slate not 00 your suh.'criplion list. Nr>w 1 
 Biifht almost add my amazement that there should bo a solitart/ one. of sMini character, iim eagerly avMihri" 
 Itself of a work so useful and valuable as 1 regard your Mug'»zitie. Ii will give me pleasure to pniniore iIr cir 
 culation by any means in my power. 
 
 1 heard it very highly spoken of In London when there recently, and especially so by Mr. Gilbart. whiwo 
 praise in thai roT"—' •• '"orlh having. 
 
IMPORTANT BANKING DOCUMENTS 
 
 FOR THE USE OF 
 
 BANK OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, PRIVATE BANKERS, &c. 
 
 Contained in the new Volume of the Bankers' Magazine, July, 1855 — June, 1856. 
 
 Copies of tlie Volume supplied to order, in Numhers,%d, or substantially bound,%a 75. 
 
 I. FOREIGN BANKS.— 1. An Account of the French " Societe de Credit Mobilier." 2. Bank 
 of British Nortli America. 3. Bank of Commerce and Industry, DariT:9ta<lt, 4. Bank of Frankfort, O. M. 
 5. Tlie Landes Bank, Dessau. 6. Canada Banks. 7. London and Westminster Bank. 8. New South Wales. 
 9. Bank of Northern (Jermany, iramburcj. 10. l!ank of France. U. J'>anks of Ireland. 12, Banks of Scot- 
 land. 13. Austrian Bank du Credit Mobilier. 14. The Eoyal Bank of Prussia. 15. Bank of San Fern.T.ndo, 
 Madrid. 
 
 II. CURRENCY OR MONEY. — Its Natui-e and Uses, and the Effects of the Circulation 
 of Bank Notes as Currency. By UoBEitT Hooper, Esq., of Boston. 
 
 III. BANK REDEMPTION.— Proceedings of a Convention of Bank Officers at Syracuse, 
 New York, to establish a " Bank of Mutual Redemption" for the Banks of the State. 
 
 IV. LOCAL BANK HISTORY.— 1. Livingston County Bunk.Geueseo, N. Y. 2. Frank- 
 lin Bank, of Baltimore. 
 
 V. RAIL-ROADS. — Decision of the Superior Court of New York, in the Case of Mechan- 
 ics' Bank, N. Y., vs. New York and New Haven Rail-Road Co. 2. Plan for a Clearing House for Railways. 
 
 VI. LIFE INSURANCE. — Principles of Life Insurance. By Geouge Siieppard, Actuary, 
 Toronto, Canada. 2. Proceedings of the London " Society of Actuaries." 3. Births, Marringes and Deaths of 
 White and Free Colored in each State, and ratio to Population. 4. Sketch of the Tontine. New York. 
 
 VIL BANK ARCHITECTURE.— 1. Engraved Views of recent Bank Buildings in tlie 
 City of New York. 2. Premium Plans for Banking Houses. 3. A Description of the new Banking Houses 
 in New York. 4. Remarks on Bank Architecture, and the principles that should be followed in the construc- 
 tion of Banking Houses. 5. Prize Essay on Banking— Suggestions to young Cashiers on the Duties of their 
 Profession. Bv Hon. Lorekzo Sabink, of Massachusetts. 
 
 VIII. STATE FINANCES.— 1. Missouri. 2. Texas. 3. Tennessee. 4. Illinois. 5. Mas- 
 sachusetts. 6. Pennsylvania. 7. Maryland. 8. Kentucky. 
 
 IX. COINS, COINAGE AND BULLION.— 1. Report of the United States Mint for the 
 year 1S55. 2. Rates for the Purchase of Silver by the Mint. 3. Is Silver a Legal Tender by the Laws of the 
 United States? 4. New Jersey Horse-head Coins. 5. Trial of the I'yx. 6. Annual Report on British Coin- 
 age. 7. Proceedings of the Numismatic Society. London. 8. Gold and Silver in Circulation each year since 
 1T90. 9. Notes onlhe History of the English Coinage. By Professor De Morgan. 
 
 X. THE UNITED STATES.— L Annual Wheat Crop of. 2. Colonial Population. 3. 
 Population. 4. Cotton Crop of, each year since 1S24. 5. Imports and Exports. 6. Progress of, since the 
 yearlSOO. 7. Tonnage of. S. Foreign Wool consumed in. 9. Rail-Roads of. 10. Report on the Sub-Trea- 
 sury of 11. Gold, Silver and Bank'CircuIation of, each year since 1792. 12. Bank Capital of each State. 
 13. An Account of the several Executive Departments of the United States, Washington. 
 
 XI. BANK FRAUDS. — Proceedings in the late Case of Davidson and Gordon, London, 
 Messrs. Strahan, Pauls <fc Bates, Bankers, London. 
 
 XII. THE CLEARING HOUSE OF NEW YORK.— Annual Report upon. 
 
 XIH. LEGAL MISCELLANY— Recent Cases in reference to. 1. Notice of Protest- 
 Defective Notice. 2. Agency. 3. Bank Notes— Insolvency. 4. Promissory Notes. 5. Law of Set-Off— Bunk 
 Deposits. 6. Redemption of Bank Bills. 7. Circulati'm of Foreign Bank Notes. 8. Mortgage— Insolvency. 
 9. Bank Balances. 10. Liability of Banks for Stolen Notes. 11. Banks and Banking. 12. Bills ol Exchange. 
 13. Corporations. 14. Rail-Roads. 15. Marine and Fire Insurance. 16. Life Insurance. 17. Rail-Road Tax. 
 18. Rail-Road Bonds— Usury. 19. Illegal Bank Contracts. 
 
 XIV. THE STOCK MARKET.— Tables of the Fluctuations of the New York Stock 
 Market for each month of the year 1855, and to June, 1S56. 
 
 XV. CASHIERS. — On the Rights, Duties and Liabilities of a Cashier. 
 
 XVL GRAIN— Tabular Details of the Production of Wheat in each State of the Union 
 for the years 1847, 1S50 and 1S5.5. 
 
 XVH. BANKING DECISIONS OF THE SEVERAL STATES.- L New York. 2. Mas- 
 sachusetts. 8. Pennsylvania. 4. Maine. 5. Maryland. 6. North Carolina. 7. Indiana. 8. Kentucky. 
 
 XVIH. NEW BANK LAWS.— 1. Maryland. 2. Tennessee. 3. Ohio. 
 
 XIX. THE COTTON CROP.— 1. Production— Stocks— Exports and Domestic Consutnp- 
 lion of the United States, 1821— lS5i). 2. Progress of the Cotton Trade in India. 
 
 XX. COMMERCE. — The History of Cooiinerce from the Earliest Times to the Present 
 (Encvclopedia Britannica.) 
 
 XXI. PRIVATE BANKERS IN THE UNITED STATES.— List of Private Bankers in 
 every Town and City. 
 
 XXH. FINANCLAL REVIEVf OF THE YEAR 1855.— Embracing the leading Financial 
 events of each month. 
 
 XXIII. EUROPEAN STATES.— L Their Public Debts. 2. Annual Revenue. 3. Mili- 
 tary Strength. 4. Area and Population. 
 
 XXIV. BANK OF ENGLAND.— I. Stock and Dividend for each year, from 1694 to 
 1856. 2. Highest and Lowest Price of Stock and Consols for each year. 3. Origin of the Bank. By. T. B. 
 Maoaulay. 
 
 5^^~ Copies of the above volume may be had in numbers, nrice $5 ; or substantially bound in calf backs, 
 $5 To ; or morocco extra, $6. 
 
 J. SMITH HOMANS, EDITOR BANKERS' MAGAZINE, 
 
 Xo. 1C2 I' carl-fit reel. Nisio Yurk. 
 
IW For Bank Officers, Private Bankers and Notaries Public. 
 
 THE MERCHANTS AND BANKERS' REGISTER, 
 
 For 1857. 
 
 PubUshed by J. SMITH HOMANS, Jr., 162 Pearl-street New-York. 
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 I. List of Banks in the United States — arranged in States, and alphabetically in Cities 
 
 — Name of President and Cashier of each — Capital of each, 
 II. List of Private Bankers in the several Towns and Cities in the United States and 
 Canada. 
 
 III. List of Banks in Canada — Name of Manager, Cashier or Agent of each, and their 
 
 Foreign Agents. 
 
 IV. List of Foreign Bankers — including those in the Cities and Towns of Europe, Asia, 
 
 Africa, South America and Australia, 
 v. List of Banks and Bankers in London. 
 
 VI. List of Members of the Board of Stock Brokers, New York. 
 VII. Statistics of the Bank of England and the Bank of France. 
 
 VIII. Banks of the City of New York — Name of President, Vice-President, Cashier, Assist- 
 ant Cashier, and Notary of each. Discount Days — Dividend Months — Dividends 
 for Four Years, of each. 
 IX. Principles of Exchange. By John Ramsay M'Culloch. [Now first reprinted in the 
 United States.] 1. Inland Exchange. 2. Foreign Exchange. 3. Nominal Ex- 
 change. 4. Par of Exchange. 5. Paper Currency. 6. Fluctuations of Exchange. 
 
 1. Real Exchange. 8. Balance of Payments. 9. Effects of Real Exchange upon 
 Imports and Exports. 10. Computed Exchange. IL History and Influence of 
 Bills of Exchange. 12. Negotiation of Bills of Exchange. 13. Law of Bills of 
 Exchange. 
 
 X. European States. Revenue, Expenditure and Public Debt of each. 
 XI. Commercial Statistics of the United States. 1. Tonnage. 2. Imports and Exports 
 of each State. 3. General Imports and Exports. 
 XII. Cotton and the Cotton Manufacture. 1. Species and Places of Production of Cotton. 
 
 2. Cotton Trade. 3. Cotton Manufacture: Origin and Introduction into Europe. 
 4. Inventions and Improvements. 5. Cotton Manufacture in Foreign Countries. 
 6. Statistics of the Cotton Manufactui-e. V. Cotton Manufacture in the United 
 States. 
 
 Xin. Decimal Weights and Measures. 1. Introduction of the Decimal System. 2. Tlie 
 
 Natural Standard or Unit for the Base of the Systena. 3. Tables of the Proposed 
 
 System. 4. Advantages of the New System. 
 XIV. The Consular System. 1. Consuls — their Origin, and Laws respecting them. 2. Duties 
 
 of Consuls. 3. Diplomatic and Consular Law of the United States. 
 XV. Alphabetical List of Cashiers in the United States, and location of each — (prepared 
 
 expressly for the use of Notaries Public and Bank Officers.) 
 
 IW Price $1 12, postage prepaid., to all parts of the United 
 States. One volume., octavo., 220 pages. 
 
THE 
 
 UNITED STATES TARIFFS 
 
 OF 
 
 18-46 and 1857, 
 
 ARRANGED IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER, SHOWING THE COM- 
 PARATIVE RATES OF DUTY ON EACH ARTICLE FOR 
 EACH YEAR, [tHE TARIFF OF 1857 TO GO INTO 
 EFFECT ON THE 30tH OF JUNE, 1857;] 
 
 wrru 
 
 AN INTRODUCTION, 
 
 SHOWING THE CHANGES THAT HAVE BEEN MADE IN THE UNITED 
 STATES TARIFFS FROM THE YEAR 1789 TO THE YEAR 1856, 
 
 AND THE 
 
 TARIFF ACT WHICH PASSED CONGRESS MARCH 3d, 1867. 
 
 PUBLISHED BY J. SMITH HOMANS, Jr., 162 PEARL-STREET. 
 
 SOLD BT K. B. CtuVYTON 4 SONS, 161 PKARL-STREET, NEW-YORK, AND BY T. GROOM d CO., 
 
 82 STATE-STREET, BOSTON. 
 
 1857. 
 
e r e o 
 
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 % t tirC cocco c « 
 
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 c c t / c ..e c ' ' * c o f- • c • 
 
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 STFTOF 
 fiancroit 
 
 LIBRARY 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 We have tad prepared, from an official copy of the New TariflF Act, 
 by a gentleman whose long connection with the Treasury Department 
 peculiarly fitted him for the task, the following tabular statement of 
 the rates of ad valorem duties which will be imposed on and after the 
 first day of July, 1857. In regard to Importations prior to July, 1857, 
 section fourth of the Act provides : — " That all goods, wares and mer- 
 chandise which shall be in the public stores on the first day of July 
 aforesaid, shall be subject, on entry thereof for consumption, to no 
 other duty than if the same had been imported respectively after that 
 day." 
 
 There is a degree of vagueness in some of the provisions of the New 
 Act which must ultimately be construed either by the Secretary of the 
 Treasury or the United States Courts. For instance : the Act places 
 in Schedule I. (free) ^^ paintings and statuary ;" now the question will 
 arise, whether " paintings " means paintings on canvass, or whether it 
 includes painting on glass or porcelain. So, too, in regard to some 
 articles of fruits and drugs, differences of opinion may arise. But our 
 purpose has been to present, under a literal construction of the law, 
 the rates of duties to be levied on the principal articles of commerce, 
 without entering into minute details, which find their more appropriate 
 place in a reference book. 
 
 It is particularly important that merchants should render themselves 
 familiar with the provisions of the New Tarifl"; for it provides, that 
 after the first of July, " the decision of the Collector of the Customs at 
 the port of importation and entry, as to their liability to duty or ex- 
 emption therefrom, shall be final and conclusive against the the owner, 
 importer, consignee or agent of any goods, wares and merchandise, un- 
 less the owner, importer, consignee or agent shall, within ten days 
 after such entry, give notice to the Collector, in writing, of his dissatis- 
 
 861390 
 
c r C C O c 
 
 c o c f * r ( 
 
 li .,..,,, Introduction. 
 
 fa^t'idn witt such decision, setting forth therein, distinctly and specifi- 
 cally, his grounds of objection thereto, and shall, within thirty days 
 after the date of such decision, appeal therefrom to the Secretary of 
 the Treasury, -whose decision on such appeal shall be final and con- 
 clusive ; and the said goods, wares and merchandise shall be liable to 
 duty or exempted therefrom accordingly — any act of Congress to the 
 contrary notwithstanding — unless suit shall be brought within thirty 
 days after such decision for any duties that may have been paid, or 
 may hereafter be paid on said goods, or within thirty days after the 
 duties shall have been paid, in cases where such goods shall be in 
 bond." 
 
 The following are the changes in the Tariff" since the year 1789 : 
 
 Date. Character of Change. 
 
 1789— July 4 First Tariff adopted. 
 
 1790— Aug. 10 General Change. 
 
 1791— March 3, General " 
 
 1792— May 2 General " 
 
 1794— June 5, Special " 
 
 7, General " 
 
 1795— Jan. 29 General " 
 
 1797— March 3, General " 
 
 July 8, Special " 
 
 1800— May 13, Special « 
 
 1804— Mar. 26, 27, Special " 
 
 1812— July 1, Special " 
 
 1813— July 29, Special " 
 
 1816— Feb. 5, Special " Apiil 29 General 
 
 1818— April 20 Special 
 
 1819— March 3, Special " 
 
 1824— May 22, General " 
 
 1828— May 19 General " May 24, Special. 
 
 1830— May 20, Special « May 29, " 
 
 1832— July 13 Special " July 14, General. 
 
 1833— March 2, Special " Mar. 2, Comp'se. 
 
 1841— Sept. 11 General « 
 
 1842— Aug. 30, General " 
 
 1846— July 30, General " 
 
 1848— Mar. 29, ..,...: Special " 
 
 1848— Aug. 13, Special « 
 
 1849-^an. 26, Special « 
 
 1867— Mar. 3 General " 
 
 Year 1824. — The Tariff" change of this year created considerable dis- 
 cussion and feeling. The duties collected that year were $17,878,000, 
 with a population of 12,000,000, or $1 50 for each individual. 
 
Introduction. iii 
 
 1828. — The general change this year was accompanied by a slight 
 increase of duties, viz.: $22,681,000. 
 
 1832. — Another general change took place, followed by a rapid 
 increase of duties after 1834, viz. : 
 
 Year. Dvtiet. 
 
 1833, $29,032,000 
 
 1834, 16,214,000 $1 10 per head. 
 
 1886, 19,391,000 
 
 1836 23,409,000 $1 60 per head. 
 
 The collapse of 1837 led to a reaction, and the duties diminished for 
 183*7-8, showing as follows : 
 
 Year. Duties, Population. 
 
 1837, $11,169,000 
 
 1838, 16,158,000 
 
 1839 23,137,000 
 
 1840, 13,499,000 17,063,00C 
 
 1841 14,467,000 
 
 1842, 18,187,000 
 
 Since the latter date the dues have increased from $1 per head to 
 about $5 50 per head, viz. : 
 
 Year. Amount DuUee. Tear. Amount Dutiet. 
 
 1846-7 $23,747,000 1851-2 $47,329,000 
 
 1847-8 31,757,000 1852-3, 58,931,000 
 
 1848-9, 28,346,000 1853-4, 64,224,000 
 
 1849-50, 39,688,000 1854-5, 53,025,000 
 
 1850-1 49,017,000 1855-6, 64,022,000 
 
 Since the year 1789, the aggregate revenue from all sources has 
 been $1,886,740,084, viz. : 
 
 From Customs, $1,327,151,592 
 
 From Public Lands, 164,088,855 
 
 From Miscellaneous, 395,519,636 
 
 Total returns, $1,886,740,084 
 
 Total disbursements, 1,837,721,045 
 
 For a period of nearly 68 years, viz,, from March 4, 1789, to June 30^ 
 1856. 
 
NEW TARIFF ACT OF THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 [Approved March 3, 1851.] 
 
 AN ACT 
 Reducing the Duty on Imports, and for other purposes. 
 
 Be it enacted hy the Senate and House of Bepresentatives of the 
 United States of America, in Congress assembled, That on and after 
 the first day of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-seven, ad valorem 
 duties shall be imposed, in lieu of those now imposed upon goods, 
 ■wares and merchandise imported from abroad into the United States, 
 as follows, viz. : 
 
 Upon the articles enumerated in Schedules A. and B. of the tarifi" act 
 of eighteen hundred and forty-six, a duty of thirty per centum, and 
 upon those enumerated in Schedules C, D., E,, F., G. and H. of said 
 act, the duties of twenty-four per centum, nineteen per centum, fifteen 
 per centum, twelve per centum, eight per centum and four per centum, 
 respectively, with such exceptions as hereinafter made ; and all articles 
 so imported as aforesaid, and not enumerated in the said schedules, nor 
 in Schedule I., shall pay a duty of fifteen per centum. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That all manufactures composed 
 wholly of cotton, which are bleached, printed, painted or dyed, and 
 de laines, shall be transferred to Schedule C. 
 
 Japanned leather, or skins of all kinds, shall be transferred to Sche- 
 dule D. 
 
 Ginger, green, ripe, dried, preserved or pickled ; ochreys and ochrey 
 earths, medicinal roots, leaves, gums and rosins in a crude state, not 
 otherwise provided for ; wares, chemical, earthen or pottery, of a 
 capacity exceeding ten gallons, shall be transferred to Schedule E. 
 
 Borate of lime and codella, or tow of hemp or flax, shall be trans- 
 ferred to Schedule F. 
 
 Antimony, crude orregulus of; barks of all kinds, not otherwise pro- 
 vided for ; camphor, crude ; cantharides ; carbonate of soda ; emery. 
 
iv The New Tariff Act. 
 
 in lump or pulverized ; fruits, green, ripe or dried ; gums, Arabic, Bar- 
 bary, copal, East India, Jeddo, Senegal, substitute, tragacanth, and all 
 other gums and rosins, in a crude state ; machinery exclusively de- 
 signed and expressly imported for the manufacture of flax and linen 
 goods ; sponges ; tin in plates or sheets, galvanized or ungalvanized ; 
 woods, namely, cedar, lignumvitae, ebony, box, granadilla, mahogany, 
 rosewood, satin wood, and all cabinet woods, shall be transferred to 
 Schedule G. 
 
 Acids, acetic, benzoic, boracic, citric, muriatic, white and yellow? 
 oxalic, pyroligenous and tartaric, and all other acids of every descrip- 
 tion used for chemical or manufacturing purposes, not otherwise pro- 
 vided for ; aloes ; amber ; ambergris ; anise seed ; annate, roucon or 
 Orleans ; arsenic ; articles not in a crude state, used in dyeing or tanning, 
 not otherwise provided for ; assafoetida ; asphaltum ; barilla ; bleaching 
 powder, or chloride of lime ; borax, crude ; boucho leaves ; brimstone, 
 crude, in bulk ; cameos, mosaics, diamonds, gems, pearls, rubies and 
 other precious stones (not set) ; chalk ; clay ; cochineal ; cocoa, cocoa- 
 nuts and cocoa shells ; cork tree bark ; cream of tartar ; extract of 
 indigo ; extracts and decoctions of logwood and other dye woods, not 
 otherwise provided for ; extract of madder ; flint, ground ; grindstones ; 
 gutta percha, unmanufactured ; India rubber in bottles, slabs or sheets, 
 unmanufactured; India rubber, milk of; nd lac spirits; lac sul- 
 
 phur ; lastings, cut in strips or patterns of the size and shape for shoes, 
 slippers, boots, bootees, gaiters, or buttons exclusively, not combined 
 with India rubber ; manufactures of mohair cloth, silk twist or other 
 manufactures of cloth suitable for the manufacture of shoes, cut in 
 slips or patterns of the size and shape for shoes, slippers, boots, bootees, 
 gaiters or buttons exclusively, not combined with India rubber ; music 
 printed with lines, bound or unbound; oils, palm, teal and cocoa-nut; 
 Prussian blue ; soda ash ; spices of all kinds ; watch materials and un- 
 finished parts of watches and woad, or pastel, shall be transferred to 
 Schedule H. 
 
 Sec. 3. And he it further enacted, That on and after the first day 
 of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-seven, the goods, wares and mer- 
 chandise mentioned in Schedule L, made part thereof, shall be exempt 
 from duty and entitled to free entry. 
 
 ScnEDULE I. 
 
 All books, maps, charts, mathematical, nautical instruments, philo- 
 sophical apparatus, and all other articles whatever imported for the use 
 of the United States. 
 
The New Tariff Act. v 
 
 All philosophical apparatus, instruments, boots, maps and charts ; 
 statues, statuary, busts and casts of marble, bronze, alabaster or plaster 
 of Paris ; paintings and drawings ; etchings ; specimens of sculpture ; 
 cabinets of coins, medals, gems, and all collections of antiquities : Pro- 
 vided^ The same be specially imported, in good faith, for the use of any 
 society incorporated or established for philosophical or literary pur- 
 poses, or for the encouragement of the fine arts, or for the use or by 
 the order of any college, academy, school or seminary of learning in 
 the United States. 
 
 Animal carbon (bone black) ; animals, living, of all kinds ; argol, or 
 crude tartar ; articles in a crude state used in dyeing or tanning not 
 otherwise provided for. 
 
 Bark, Peruvian ; bells, old, and bell metal ; berries, nuts, flowers, 
 plants and vegetables used exclusively in dyeing, or in composing 
 dyes, but no article shall be classed as such that has undergone any 
 manufacture ; bismuth ; bitter apples ; bolting cloths ; bones, burnt, 
 and bone dust. 
 
 Books, maps and charts imported by authority of the Joint Library 
 Committee of Congress for the use of the library of Congress : Pro- 
 vided, That if, in any case, a contract shall have been made with any 
 bookseller, importer or other person for books, maps or charts, in which 
 contract the bookseller, importer or other person aforesaid shall have 
 paid the duty, or included the duty in said contract, in such case the 
 duty shall not be remitted. 
 
 Brass iu bars and pigs, or when old, and fit only to be remanufac- 
 tured ; Brazil wood, braziletto, and all other dye woods in sticks ; bul- 
 lion, gold and silver ; burr stones, wrought or unwrought, but unmanu- 
 factured. 
 
 Cabinets of coins, medals and other collections of antiquities ; coflfee 
 and tea, when imported direct from the place of their growth or pro- 
 duction in American vessels, or in foreign vessels entitled by reciprocal 
 treaties to be exempt from discriminating duties, tonnage and other 
 charges ; coffee, the growth or production of the possessions of the 
 Netherlands, imported from the Netherlands in the same manner; 
 coins, gold, silver and copper ; copper ore ; copper, when imported for 
 the United States mint ; copper, in pigs or bars, or when old and fit 
 only to be remanufactured ; cotton ; cutch. 
 
 Dragon's blood. 
 
 Felt, adhesive, for sheathing vessels ; flax, unmanufactured. 
 
 Garden seeds and all other seeds for agricultural, horticultural, 
 medicinal and manufacturing purposes, not otherwise provided for; 
 
vi The New Tariff Act. 
 
 glass, when old and fit only to be remanufactured ; goods, wares and 
 merchandise, the growth, produce or manufacture of the United States, 
 exported to a foreign country and brought back to the United States 
 in the same condition as when exported, upon which no drawback or 
 bounty has been allowed : Provided^ That all regulations to ascertain 
 the identity thereof, prescribed by existing laws, or which may be 
 prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall be complied with ; 
 guano. 
 
 Household effects, old and in use, of persons or families from foreign 
 countries, if used abroad by them, and not intended for any other per- 
 son or persons, or for sale. 
 
 Ice ; ivory, unmanufactured. 
 
 Junk, old. 
 
 Linseed, but not embracing flaxseed. 
 
 Madder root ; madder, ground or prepared ; maps and charts ; 
 models of inventions and other improvements in the arts ; Provided, 
 That no article or articles shall be deemed a model or improvement 
 which can be fitted for use. 
 
 Oakum ; oil, spermaceti, whale and other fish, of American fisheries, 
 and all other articles the produce of such fisheries. 
 
 Paintings and statuary ; palm leaf, unmanufactured ; personal and 
 household effects (not merchandise) of citizens of the United States 
 dying abroad ; plaster of Paris or sulphate of lime, unground ; platina, 
 unmanufactured. 
 
 Rags of whatever material, except wool ; rattans and reeds, unmanu- 
 factured. 
 
 Sheathing copper, but no copper to be considered such and admitted 
 free, except in sheets of forty-eight inches long and fourteen inches 
 wide, and weighing from fourteen to thirty-four ounces the square 
 foot ; sheathing metal, not wholly or in part of iron, ungalvanized ; 
 shingle bolts, and stave bolts ; silk, raw, or as reeled from the cocoon, 
 not being doubled, twisted or advanced in manufacture in any way ; 
 specimens of natural history, mineralogy or botany ; substances ex- 
 pressly used for manures. 
 
 Tin in pigs, bars or blocks ; trees, shrubs, bulbs, plants and roots, 
 not otherwise provided for. 
 
 Wearing apparel in actual use, and other personal effects (not mer- 
 chandise); professional books, implements, instruments and tools of 
 trade, occupation or employment, of persons arriving in the United 
 States : Provided, That this exemption shall not be construed to in- 
 
The New Tariff Act. vii 
 
 elude macliinery or other carticles imported for use ia any manufac- 
 turing establishment, or for sale. 
 
 Sheep's wool, unmanufactured, of the value of twenty cents per 
 pound or less at the port of exportation, and hair of the alpacca, the 
 goat, and other like animals, unmanufactured ; Provided^ That any 
 wool of the sheep, or hair of the alpacca, the goat and other like 
 animals, which shall be imported in any other than the ordinary con- 
 dition, as now and heretofore practiced, or which shall be changed in 
 its character for the purpose of evading the duty, or which shall be 
 reduced in value by the intentional admixture of dirt, or any foreign 
 substance, to twenty cents per pound or less, shall be subject to pay a 
 duty of twenty-four per centum, ad valorem^ any thing in this act to 
 the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That all goods, wares and mer- 
 chandise which shall be in the public stores on the first day of July 
 aforesaid, shall be subject, on entry thereof for consumption, to no 
 other duty than if the same had been imported respectively after that 
 day. 
 
 Sec. 5. And he it further enacted, That on the entry of any goods, 
 wares and merchandise imported on and after the first day of July afore- 
 said, the decision of the collector of the customs at the port of importa- 
 tion and entry, as to their liability to duty or exemption therefrom, shall 
 be final and conclusive against the owner, importer, consignee or agent 
 of any such goods, wares and merchandise, unless the owner, importer, 
 consignee or agent shall, within ten days after such entry, give notice 
 to the collector, in writing, of his dissatisfaction with such decision, 
 setting forth therein distinctly and specifically his grounds of objection 
 thereto, and shall, within thirty days after the date of such decision, 
 appeal therefrom to the Secretary of the Treasury, whose decision on 
 such appeal shall be final and conclusive ; and the said goods, wares 
 and merchandise shall be liable to duty or exempted therefrom ac- 
 cordingly, any act of Congress to the contrary notwithstanding, unless 
 suit shall be brought within thirty days after such decision for any 
 duties that may have been paid or may hereafter be paid on said 
 goods, or within thirty days after the duties shall have been paid, in 
 cases where such goods shall be iu bond. 
 
 Approved March 3, 1857. 
 
viii The mw Tarif Act. 
 
 AN ACT 
 
 To amend the act reducing the duty on imports, and for other pur- 
 poses, passed July 30th, eighteen hundred and forty -six. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
 United States of America, in Congress assembled, That the eighth 
 section of the act approved July thirty, eighteen hundred and forty- 
 six, and entitled, " An act reducing the duty on imports, and for other 
 purposes," be amended as follows : 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the 
 owner, consignee or agent of imports which have been actually pur- 
 chased or procured otherwise than by purchase, on entry of the same, 
 to make such addition in the entry to the cost or value given in the 
 invoice as, in his opinion, may raise the same to the true market value 
 of such imports in the principal markets of the country whence the 
 importation shall have been made ; and to add thereto all costs and 
 charges which, under existing laws, would form part of the true value 
 at the port where the same may be entered, upon which the duties 
 should be assessed. And it shall be the duty of the collector, within 
 whose district the same may be imported or entered, to cause the du- 
 tiable value of such imports to be appraised, estimated and ascertained, 
 in accordance with the provisions of existing laws ; and if the appraised 
 value thereof shall exceed by ten per centum or more the value so de- 
 clared on the entry, then, in addition to the duties imposed by law on 
 the same, there shall be levied, collected and paid a duty of twenty 
 per centum ad valorem on such appraised value : Provided, neverthe- 
 less. That under no circumstances shall the duty be assessed upon an 
 amount less than the invoice or entered value, any law of Congress to 
 the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 Approved March 3, 1857. 
 
ALPHABETICAL ARRANGEMENT 
 
 or THS 
 
 
 TARIFFS OF 1846 AND 1857. 
 
 A 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct, 
 
 Absynth 100 
 
 " oil of, or wormwood 30 
 
 Accordions. 20 
 
 Acetate of lead, or white 
 
 lead 20 
 
 Acetate of potasse 20 
 
 Acetic acid 20 
 
 Acetate of quicksilver.. ... 20 
 
 Acid, benzoic 20 
 
 " boracic, 20 
 
 " citric, white or yel- 
 low 20 
 
 " muriatic 20 
 
 " nitric, or nitric fort . . 20 
 
 " oxalic 20 
 
 " pyroligneous 20 
 
 " tartaric, in crystals or 
 
 powder. 20 
 
 " sulphuric, or oil of vit- 
 riol 10 
 
 Acorns 20 
 
 Acids, all kinds of, used for 
 chemical or medicinal pur- 
 poses, or in the fine arts, 
 not otherwise provided 
 
 for, 20 
 
 Adhesive felt, for ships' bot- 
 toms free. 
 
 Adhesive plaster, salve .... 30 
 
 Adianthum 20 
 
 Adzes 30 
 
 Agates 10 
 
 1857. 
 
 Perct. 
 
 30 
 24 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 4 
 
 4 
 4 
 4 
 
 8 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Perct. PercL 
 
 Agates, bookbinders' 20 15 
 
 Albata, in sheets or other- 
 wise 30 24 
 
 Alabaster and spar orna- 
 ments 40 SO 
 
 Alba, canella 20 15 
 
 Alconorque bark 5 4 
 
 Ale, in bottles 30 24 
 
 Ale, otherwise than in bot- 
 tles 30 24 
 
 Alkanet root 20 15 
 
 Alkennes 20 15 
 
 Alspice, oil of 30 24 
 
 Almonds 40 30 
 
 " paste 30 24 
 
 Aloes 20 4 
 
 Alum 20 15 
 
 Amber 20 4 
 
 " beads 30 24 
 
 " oil o£ 30 24 
 
 Ambergris 20 4 
 
 Amethyst 10 4 
 
 Ammonia 10 8 
 
 " sal 10 8 
 
 " salts 10 8 
 
 " carb 10 8 
 
 Ammoniac, crude 10 8 
 
 refined. 20 15 
 
 bole 20 15 
 
 Ammunition, except gun- 
 powder and musket balls. 30 24 
 Ammunition, gunpowder, . . 20 15 
 " musket balls. . 20 15 
 
TJ. S. Tariffs oflUQ and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 1857. 
 
 Perct. 
 
 Perct 
 
 Anchovies, (in oil) 40 
 
 30 
 
 (in salt) 20 
 
 15 
 
 Angelica root 20 
 
 15 
 
 Angora gloves and mitts. . . 30 
 
 24 
 
 Animals, all ... ■. free. 
 
 free. 
 
 Animal oil, not otherwise 
 
 
 enumerated 20 
 
 15 
 
 Animal carbon 20 
 
 fz'ce 
 
 Annatto 10 
 
 4 
 
 " extract 20 
 
 15 
 
 Anise seed 20 
 
 4 
 
 Antimony, crude 20 
 
 8 
 
 Antique oil 30 
 
 24 
 
 Antiquities 20 
 
 free. 
 
 Anj' goods, wares or mer- 
 
 
 chandise of the growth, 
 
 
 produce or manufacture 
 
 
 of the United States, or 
 
 
 of its fisheries, upon which 
 
 
 no drawback, bounty or 
 
 
 allowance have been paid.free. 
 
 free. 
 
 Apparatus, philosophical. 
 
 
 specially imported by or- 
 
 
 der and for the use of any 
 
 
 society incorporated for 
 
 
 philosophical or literary 
 
 
 purposes, or for the en- 
 
 
 couragement of the fine 
 
 
 arts, or by order and for 
 
 
 the use of any seminary 
 
 
 of learning, school or col- 
 
 
 lege within the United 
 
 
 States or the territories 
 
 
 thereof free. 
 
 free 
 
 Apparel, wearing and other 
 
 
 personal baggage in ac- 
 
 
 tual use free 
 
 free 
 
 Aqua ammonia, or harts- 
 
 
 horn 30 
 
 24 
 
 Aqua fortis 20 
 
 4 
 
 " mellis, or honey wa- 
 
 
 ter 30 
 
 24 
 
 Arrack 100 
 
 30 
 
 Armenian, bole 20 
 
 15 
 
 " stone 20 
 
 15 
 
 Archelia, archil, or orchelia, 20 
 
 4 
 
 " if a vegetable dye, 6 
 
 free. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 Per ct. Per cL 
 
 Argentine 30 24 
 
 Argol 5 free. 
 
 Arms, fire 30 24 
 
 " side SO 24 
 
 Arrowroot 20 15 
 
 Arsenic, all 15 4 
 
 Articles of the growth, pro- 
 duce or manufacture of 
 the U. States, or its territo 
 ries, brought back in the 
 same condition as when 
 exported, and on which no 
 drawback was allowed. . free. free. 
 Articles, all, composed whol- 
 ly or chiefly in quantity of 
 gold, silver, pearl and 
 precious stones, not other- 
 wise specified 30 24 
 
 Articles not in a crude state, 
 used in dyeing or tanning, 
 not otherwise provided 
 
 for 20 4 
 
 Articles, all, not free, and 
 not subject to any other 
 
 rate of duty 20 15 
 
 Articles manufactured from 
 copper, or of which cop- 
 per is the material of 
 chief value, not other- 
 wise specified 30 24 
 
 Articles worn by men, wo- 
 men or children, of what- 
 ever materials composed, 
 made up in whole or in 
 part by hand, not other- 
 wise provided for, 30 24 
 
 Artificial feathers 30 24 
 
 Asphaltum 20 4 
 
 Assafoetida 20 4 
 
 Asses' skin, (or parchment) 30 24 
 
 " imitation of, or 
 
 parchment . . 30 24 
 
 Avaroot 20 15 
 
 Augers 30 24 
 
 Auripigmcntum, or orpiment 10 8 
 
 Awlhafts 30 24 
 
 Awls. 30 24 
 
U. S, Tariffs oflUQ and 1857. 
 
 XI 
 
 1846. 186T. 
 Per ct. Per ct 
 
 Axes 30 24 
 
 Axletrecs, iron 30 24 
 
 Ayr-stones 20 16 
 
 B 
 
 Bacon 20 15 
 
 Baggage, personal, in actual 
 
 use free. free. 
 
 Bags, bead, made in part by 
 
 hand 30 24 
 
 Bags, grass 30 24 
 
 " gunny 20 15 
 
 " woollen 30 24 
 
 " worsted 25 19 
 
 " flax 20 15 
 
 " hemp 20 15 
 
 " carpet, woollen 30 24 
 
 " silk 25 19 
 
 " carpet, worsted 25 19 
 
 " carpet, wool or worst- 
 ed and leather. . . 30 24 
 
 Baizes 25 19 
 
 Balls, billiard 30 24 
 
 " wash 30 24 
 
 Balm of Gilead 30 24 
 
 Balsam, copaiva 30 24 
 
 " of Tolu 30 24 
 
 " medicinal 30 24 
 
 " all kinds of cosmetic 30 24 
 Bamboos, unmanufactured. 10 free. 
 Bark of cork trees, unman- 
 ufactured 15 4 
 
 " Peruvian 15 free. 
 
 " all not specially men- 
 tioned 20 8 
 
 Barege, wool 30 24 
 
 " worsted, or silk and 
 
 worsted 25 19 
 
 Barley 20 15 
 
 " pearl or hulled 20 15 
 
 Barytes, sulphate of. 20 15 
 
 Bar wood (a dye wood). . . 5 free 
 
 Barilla 10 4 
 
 Bastard files so 24 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 Bass, (inner bark) 20 
 
 Baskets, wood or osier 30 
 
 " palm leaf 30 
 
 " straw 30 
 
 " grass or whalebone 30 
 
 Bast ropes 25 
 
 Battledores 30 
 
 Bay water, or Bay rum. ... 30 
 " wax, or myrtle wax. . 20 
 
 BdeUium, if crude 20 
 
 " refined 20 
 
 Beans, tonkay 20 
 
 " vanilla. 20 
 
 " all other not special- 
 ly mentioned. ... 20 
 
 Beam knives 30 
 
 Beam scales 30 
 
 Bed feathers 25 
 
 " ticking, linen 20 
 
 " ticking, cotton 25 
 
 " caps 30 
 
 " screws 30 
 
 " sides, as carpeting. .. . 30 
 
 Beef 20 
 
 Beer, in bottles 30 
 
 " otherwise than in bot- 
 tles 30 
 
 Bees wax 20 
 
 Bellows pipes 30 
 
 Bell cranks 30 
 
 " levers 30 
 
 " pulls 30 
 
 Bellows 30 
 
 Belts, sword leather 30 
 
 Benzoates 30 
 
 Bed spreads, or covers, of 
 the scraps of printed cali- 
 coes, sewed 25 
 
 Bells, of bell metal, fit only 
 
 to be re-manufactured. . . 5 
 Bell metal, manufactured. . 30 
 
 Bells, silven 30 
 
 " gold 30 
 
 Berries, used for dyeing, all 
 exclusively, in a crude 
 state 5 
 
 1857. 
 Perct. 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 If) 
 24 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 15 
 
 15 
 15 
 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 free, 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 frea 
 
xu 
 
 TI. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Berries, not otherwise pro- 
 vided for 20 
 
 Bezoar stones 20 
 
 Bichromate of potash 20 
 
 JJick irons 30 
 
 g 'nding, carpet, if worsted 25 
 
 cotton 25 
 
 " woollen 30 
 
 " worsted 25 
 
 silk 25 
 
 " leather 30 
 
 " linen 20 
 
 " quality 25 
 
 Bird's eye stuff, linen 20 
 
 " worsted stuflf.. . . 25 
 
 Birds 20 
 
 Bismuth 20 
 
 oxide of 20 
 
 Bitts, carpenters' 30 
 
 Bitter apple 20 
 
 Bitumen 20 
 
 Black, lamp 20 
 
 " lead, pots 30 
 
 " lead powder 20 
 
 Blacking 20 
 
 Bladders 20 
 
 Blacksmiths' hammers 30 
 
 " sledges 30 
 
 Blankets, all 20 
 
 Blankets of mohair or goats' 
 
 hair 20 
 
 Bleaching powders 10 
 
 Blue, guineas, (see cottons) . 25 
 
 " guinet 20 
 
 Blooms, iron in 30 
 
 Boards, planed 20 
 
 " rough 20 
 
 Bobbin, 25 
 
 " wire, covered with 
 
 cotton 30 
 
 Becking 25 
 
 Bodkins, all 30 
 
 Boiler plates 30 
 
 Bologna sausages 30 
 
 Bolting cloths 25 
 
 Bolts, composition 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 1887. 
 
 Perot 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Perct 
 
 
 Bolt rope, as cordage 25 
 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 Bone, black 20 
 
 free 
 
 15 
 
 Bonnets, Leghorn 30 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 " all 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 Bonnet wire, covered with 
 
 
 19 
 
 silk 25 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 Bonnet wire, covered with 
 
 
 24 
 
 cotton thread, if wire of 
 
 
 19 
 
 chief value 30 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 Boucho leaves 20 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 Bone alphabets 30 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 " chessmen 30 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 " whale, rosettes 30 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 " tip and bones 5 
 
 4 
 
 19 
 
 " whale, other manufac- 
 
 
 free. 
 
 tures of 30 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 " whale, not of the 
 
 
 15 
 
 American fisheries. 20 
 
 16 
 
 24 
 
 " manufactures of 30 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 Boots 30 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 " laced, silk or satin for 
 
 
 15 
 
 children 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 Bootees, for women or men. 
 
 
 16 
 
 silk 30 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 Boots and bootees, of leath- 
 
 
 16 
 
 er 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 Book binders' agates fer- 
 
 
 24 
 
 rulea 20 
 
 15 
 
 16 
 
 Books, blank 20 
 
 Books, periodicals and other 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 works in the course Ox 
 
 
 4 
 
 printing and republica- 
 
 
 24 
 
 tion in the U. S 20 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 Books, printed magazines, 
 
 
 24 
 
 pamphlets, periodicals 
 
 
 15 
 
 and illustrated newspa- 
 
 
 15 
 
 pers, bound or unbound. 
 
 
 24 
 
 not otherwise provided 
 
 
 
 for 10 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 Books of engravings, bound 
 
 
 19 
 
 or unbound 10 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 Books and instruments, pro- 
 
 
 24 
 
 fessional, of persons ar- 
 
 
 24 
 
 riving in the U. States., .free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 Books, specially imported 
 
 
 24 
 
 for the use of schools, <fec. free. 
 
 free. 
 
Tariffs of 1S16 a^id 1857. 
 
 xm 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 Boot webb, linen 20 
 
 Borate of lime 20 
 
 Borax, or tincal 25 
 
 Botany, specimens in free. 
 
 Bottles, apothecaries, ex- 
 ceeding the capacity of 
 6 and not exceeding the ca- 
 pncit}^ of IG ounces each. 30 
 
 Bottles, black glass SO 
 
 " perfumery and 
 " fancj', not exceed- 
 ing 16 ounces. . 30 
 Bottles, (containing wine 
 only,) if purchased sepa- 
 rately from the wiue. ... 30 
 
 Bougies 30 
 
 Boxes, gold or silver 30 
 
 " musical 20 
 
 " japanned dressing. . 30 
 " cedar, granadilla, eb- 
 ony, rose and satin 40 
 
 " all other wood 30 
 
 " sand, of tin 30 
 
 Boxes, shell, not otherwise 
 
 enumerated 30 
 
 Boxes, if paper only, not 
 
 japanned 30 
 
 Boxes, snuff, paper 30 
 
 " fancy, not otherwise 
 
 specified 30 
 
 Box boards, paper 30 
 
 Bracelets, gold or set 30 
 
 gilt 30 
 
 " hair 30 
 
 Braces, carpenters', without 
 
 bitts 30 
 
 Braces and bitts, carpenters' 30 
 
 Brace bitts 30 
 
 Braces or suspenders, all. . . 30 
 
 Brackets , , . 30 
 
 Brads 30 
 
 Braids, cotton 25 
 
 " in ornaments for 
 
 head dresses 30 
 
 Braids, hair, not made up 
 for head dresses 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Ter ct. 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 SO 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 1846. 1867. 
 
 Purct. I'erct. 
 
 Braids, hair, made up for 
 
 head dresses 30 24 
 
 Braids, straw, for making 
 
 bonnets or hats SO 24 
 
 Brandy 100 30 
 
 Brass, manufactures of, not 
 
 otherwise enumerated ... 30 24 
 
 Brass, in plates or sheets . . 30 24 
 
 " in bars 5 free. 
 
 " in pigs 5 free. 
 
 Brass, old, only fit to be re- 
 manufactured 5 free. 
 
 Brass, wire 30 24 
 
 " rolled 30 24 
 
 " battery 30 24 
 
 " studs 30 24 
 
 " screws 30 24 
 
 Braziers' rods, of 3-10 to 
 
 10-16 of an inch diameter 30 24 
 Brazil paste, or pasta de 
 
 Brazil 15 12 
 
 Brazil pebble 10 8 
 
 " pebbles prepared for 
 
 spectacles 30 24 
 
 Breccia 20 15 
 
 Bricks 20 15 
 
 Britannia ware 30 24 
 
 Bridles 30 24 
 
 Brimstone, crude 15 4 
 
 " rolled 20 15 
 
 Bristol stones ... 20 15 
 
 " boards 30 24 
 
 " " perforated.. 30 24 
 
 Bristles 5 4 
 
 Brodequins, woollen 30 24 
 
 " leather 30 24 
 
 Bronze casts 30 24 
 
 Bronze, all manufactures of 30 24 
 
 Bronze metal in leaf 20 15 
 
 " powder 20 15 
 
 Bronze, pale, yellow, white 
 
 and red 20 15 
 
 Bronze, liquid, gold or bronze 
 
 color 20 15 
 
 Brown, rolls, linen 20 15 
 
 smalts 20 15 
 
XIV 
 
 Tariffs 0/1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per cL 
 
 Brooms, all kinds 30 24 
 
 Bnicine 20 15 
 
 Brushes of all kinds 30 24 
 
 Buckram 20 15 
 
 Bugles, glass, if cut 40 30 
 
 glass, if not cut 30 24 
 
 Building stones 10 8 
 
 Bullets 20 15 
 
 Bullrushes 20 15 
 
 Bulbs, or bulbous roots. , . .free. free. 
 
 Bullion free. free. 
 
 Bunting. 25 19 
 
 Burlaps 2o 15 
 
 Burr stones, unwrought. . . 10 free. 
 
 " -wrought 10 free. 
 
 Burgundy pitch 25 19 
 
 Busts, lead 30 24 
 
 Buttons, metal, all kinds of 25 19 
 
 Buttons, all other. 25 19 
 
 Button moulds, of whatever 
 
 material 25 19 
 
 Buttons with links 25 19 
 
 Butter. 20 15 
 
 Butchers' knives SO 24 
 
 Butt binges, cast iron 30 24 
 
 c 
 
 Cabinet wares. 30 24 
 
 Cables, tarred, untarred or 
 
 grass 25 19 
 
 Cables, iron or chain, or 
 
 parts of 30 24 
 
 Caddie balls 30 24 
 
 Cadmium 20 15 
 
 Cajeput, oil of. 30 24 
 
 Calamine 20 15 
 
 Calx 20 15 
 
 Caliminaris lapis 20 15 
 
 Calcined magnesia 30 24 
 
 Calomel, and all other mer- 
 curial preparations 25 19 
 
 Camblets, of mohair or 
 
 goats 25 19 
 
 • Cameos, 10 4 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Cameos set 30 
 
 Camels' hair 10 
 
 " pencils, in quill, 30 
 
 " " other.. 30 
 
 Camomile flowers 20 
 
 Camphor, refined 40 
 
 " crude 25 
 
 Canary seed free. 
 
 Crancrorum oculi, or crab's 
 
 eye 20 
 
 Canella, alba. 20 
 
 Candlesticks, alabaster.... 40 
 " glass cut. ... 40 
 
 spa 40 
 
 " all other 30 
 
 Candles, all 20 
 
 Candy, sugar 30 
 
 Canes, walking, finished or 
 
 not 30 
 
 Cannetille, a wire ribbon. . . 30 
 
 Cannon, brass or iron 30 
 
 Cantharides 20 
 
 Canton crapes 25 
 
 Canvas, for floor cloths or 
 wearing apparel, linen.. 20 
 
 Caoutchouc gums 20 
 
 Capers 30 
 
 Cap wire, covered with silk 25 
 " covered with cot- 
 ton thread. ... 30 
 Caps of chip, lace, leather, 
 
 cotton, silk, linen, <fec. ... 30 
 Caps, gloves, leggins, mitts, 
 socks, stockings, wove 
 shirts and drawers, and all 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 30 
 
 8 
 
 free. 
 
 15 
 15 
 30 
 30 
 30 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 8 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 similar articles made in 
 
 
 frames, and worn by men. 
 
 
 women or children, and 
 
 
 not otherwise provided for SO 
 
 24 
 
 Cap pieces for stills 30 
 
 24 
 
 Caps, lace, sewed or not. . . 30 
 
 24 
 
 Capsules 30 
 
 24 
 
 Carbines or carabines 30 
 
 24 
 
 Carbonate of magnesia 30 
 
 24 
 
 " sal, or brinal of 
 
 
 soda 20 
 
 8 
 
U. S. Tarifs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 XV 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 Carbonate of Ammonia. ... 10 
 
 " of Iron 20 
 
 Carboj-s 30 
 
 Carbuncles 10 
 
 Cardamon seed free. 
 
 Card cases, of whatever ma- 
 terial composed 30 
 
 Cards, playing, visiting, <kc. 30 
 
 Carmine water color 30 
 
 Carmine, a liquid dye .... 
 Caroline plaids, cot. & wool 30 
 
 Carpeting, Aubuysson 30 
 
 " matting 25 
 
 Carpet binding 25 
 
 Carjiets and carpeting, 
 Brussels, ingrained, treble 
 ingrained, Turkey, Vene- 
 tian, "Wilton, oil cloth. . . 30 
 Carpets and carpeting, straw 25 
 
 Carpets, Saxony 30 
 
 Carriages of all descriptions, 
 
 and parts thereof 30 
 
 Carriage springs 30 
 
 Carvers 30 
 
 Casearilla 20 
 
 Cashmere, borders of wool, 
 
 in whole or in part 30 
 
 Cashmere of Thibet 25 
 
 " cloth 30 
 
 " gown patterns, 
 wool being a component 
 
 material 30 
 
 Cashmere gowns, made. ... 30 
 shawls, Thibet. . . 30 
 ■' " wool be- 
 
 ing a component part. ... 30 
 Casement rods, iron for. ... 30 
 
 Cases, fish skin 20 
 
 Cassimere, woollen 30 
 
 Cassimere, cotton, wool be- 
 ing a component part, 
 
 chief value 30 
 
 Casks, empty 80 
 
 Cassada, or meal of 20 
 
 CaBsia, Chinese, Calcutta 
 and Sumatra 40 
 
 1857- 
 Per ct. 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 19 
 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 1846. 
 
 Perct. 
 Cassia buds 20 
 
 " fistula 20 
 
 Castanas, or castinai 30 
 
 Castings of plaster or iron, 
 
 even if with wrought iron 
 
 rings, hoops, handles, <fec. 30 
 
 Castor beans 20 
 
 Castors, brass, iron or wood 30 
 Castors or cruets, silver, 
 
 with or without glasses 30 
 Castors or cruets, plated, 
 
 with or without glasses. . 30 
 Castors or cruets, wood, 
 
 with or without glasses. . 30 
 Castor glasses, not in the 
 
 frames or cruets, cut , . . . 40 
 Castor glasses, not in the 
 
 frames or cruets, not cut. SO 
 Castorine lize, woollen cloth. 30 
 
 Castorum 20 
 
 Cast shoe bills 30 
 
 Cast iron vessels, not other- 
 wise specified 30 
 
 Catches, brass, copper or 
 
 iron 30 
 
 Catechu 10 
 
 Catgut 20 
 
 Catsup 30 
 
 Caulking mallets 30 
 
 Caustic 30 
 
 Celtz water 30 
 
 Cement, Roman 20 
 
 Cerise, eau de, kerch wassar, 
 
 or cherry water 100 
 
 Ceruse, dry or in oil 20 
 
 Chafing dishes 30 
 
 Chains, all. 30 
 
 Chairs, sitting 30 
 
 Chalk, red 20 
 
 " red, pencils 30 
 
 " French 20 
 
 " white 5 
 
 Chambray gauze, cotton, as 
 
 cotton 25 
 
 " if wool is a com- 
 ponent part. . . 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Perct 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 30 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 4 
 24 
 
 4 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
XVI 
 
 U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per. ct. 
 
 Chambray, of silk only. ... 25 
 
 Chandeliers, brass 30 
 
 " glass, cut 40 
 
 Chapapote 20 
 
 Charts 10 
 
 Cliarts, books of, not con- 
 nected with any work of 
 ■which they form a vol. . . 
 When so connected, will 
 pay the same as the other 
 volumes. 
 
 Checks, cotton 25 
 
 " princess, wool 30 
 
 " " worsted. . 25 
 
 linen 20 
 
 Cheese 30 
 
 Chemical preparations, not 
 
 otherwise enumerated... 20 
 Chemical salts, not other- 
 wise enumerated 20 
 
 Chenille, cords or trimming 
 
 of, cotton 30 
 
 Cheroots, (India cigars,). . . 40 
 
 Cherry rum, a cordial 100 
 
 Chessmen, bone, ivory, rice 
 
 or wood 30 
 
 Chest handles 30 
 
 Chicory root free. 
 
 " ground 20 
 
 Cbildrens' shoes and slip- 
 pers 30 
 
 Chili peppers 30 
 
 China ware 30 
 
 " root 20 
 
 Chinchilla skins, undressed. 10 
 " dressed... 20 
 
 Chip hats or bonnets, 30 
 
 Chisels, all 30 
 
 Chloride of lime 10 
 
 Chlorometers, glass 30 
 
 Chocolate 20 
 
 Choppa romals and bandan- 
 na hankerchiefs, silk. ... 25 
 
 Chowdagary, cottons 25 
 
 Chromate of potash 20 
 
 « lead 20 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 4 
 
 free. 
 
 10 free. 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 30 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 
 Chromic, yellow 30 24 
 
 acid 20 4 
 
 Chi'onometers and parts. ... 10 8 
 
 Chrysolites 20 15 
 
 Chrj-stalsof tin 20 15 
 
 Ciar, or coiar, rope 25 19 
 
 Cicutar 20 15 
 
 Cigars 40 30 
 
 " paper. 40 30 
 
 Cinchona, Peruvian 15 free. 
 
 Cinchouine 20 15 
 
 Cinnabar 25 19 
 
 Cinnamon 30 4 
 
 Circingle webb, (woollen). . 30 24 
 
 Circassians, (worsted) 25 19 
 
 Citrate of lime 20 15 
 
 Citron, in its natural state. 20 8 
 
 " preserved. » 40 30 
 
 Civit, oil of 30 24 
 
 Clasps, all 30 24 
 
 Clay, ground or prepared. . 20 15 
 
 " unwrought 5 4 
 
 Clayed sugar, white 30 24 
 
 Cloaks 30 24 
 
 Cloak pins 30 24 
 
 Clocks 30 24 
 
 Cloth, India rubber 30 24 
 
 " woollen 30 24 
 
 " oil, not denominated 
 
 patent floorcloth. 30 24 
 
 " hemp 20 15 
 
 Clothing, ready made. .... 30 24 
 
 Cloves 40 4 
 
 Coaches, or parts thereof. . SO 24 
 Coach furniture of all de- 
 scriptions. 30 24 
 
 Coal 30 24 
 
 Coal-hods 30 24 
 
 Coatings, mohair or goats' 
 
 hair 25 19 
 
 Cobalt 20 15 
 
 Cochineal 10 4 
 
 Coculus indicus 20 15 
 
 Cocks 30 24 
 
 Cocoa 10 4 
 
 " shells 10 4 
 
U. 8. Tariffs of 18^6 and 1857. 
 
 xvu 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Cocoa-nuts, West Indies ... 20 
 Codilla,ortowofhemporflax 15 
 
 Codfish, dry 20 
 
 Coffee, -nhen impoi'ted ia 
 American vessels from the 
 
 place of its growth free. 
 
 Coffee, the growth or pro- 
 duction of the possessions 
 of the Netherlands, im- 
 ported from the Nether- 
 lands free. 
 
 Coffee, all other 20 
 
 Coffee-mills 30 
 
 Coins, cabinets of free. 
 
 Coir 25 
 
 Coke 30 
 
 Colcother, dry, (oxide of 
 
 iron) 20 
 
 Cold cream 30 
 
 Colocynth 20 
 
 Cologne water 30 
 
 Colombo root 20 
 
 Coloquintida 100 
 
 Coloring for brandy 30 
 
 Colors, water 30 
 
 Colts' foot 20 
 
 Cols, sanglier, cravat stif- 
 
 feners 30 
 
 Combs 30 
 
 Commode handles 30 
 
 " knobs 30 
 
 Comforters, made of wool. . 30 
 Comfits, preserved in sugar, 
 
 brandy or molasses 40 
 
 Compasses 30 
 
 Composition of glass or 
 
 paste, set 30 
 
 Composition of glass or 
 
 paste, not set 10 
 
 Concans, India 25 
 
 Coney -wool 10 
 
 Confectionary, all not other- 
 
 ■wise provided for 3C 
 
 Contrayema root 20 
 
 Copper, braziers' and sheets, 
 not otherwise provided for 20 
 
 1857. 
 Ttr ct. 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 15 
 24 
 
 free. 
 19 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 30 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 30 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 19 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct 
 
 Copper bottoms 20 15 
 
 Copper, manufactures of, 
 
 not otherwise specified. . 30 24 
 Copper, for the use of the 
 
 mint free. free. 
 
 Copper, suited to the sheath- 
 ing of ships ; but none ia 
 to be so considered except 
 that which is 14 inches 
 wide and 48 inches long, 
 and weighing from 14 to 
 
 34 ozs. per square foot . . . free. free. 
 Copper rods, bolts, spikes 
 
 and nails 20 15 
 
 Copper in pigs, bars, and old, 
 fit only to be re-manufac- 
 tured 5 free. 
 
 Copper ore free. free. 
 
 Copperas 20 15 
 
 Copper, sulphate of 20 15 
 
 Coral 20 15 
 
 " cut or manufactured. 30 24 
 
 Cordage 25 19 
 
 Cordials, all kinds 1 00 30 
 
 Coriander seed free, free. 
 
 Corks 30 24 
 
 Cork, manufactures of 30 24 
 
 Cork-tree, bark of, unmanu- 
 factured 15 4 
 
 Cornelian stone 10 4 
 
 " rings 20 15 
 
 Corn fans 30 24 
 
 Corn, Indian or maize 20 15 
 
 Corrosive sublimate, (mer- 
 curial) 25 19 
 
 Corsets 30 24 
 
 Cosmetics 30 24 
 
 Cotton bagging 20 15 
 
 " easy embroidery, or 
 
 floss 25 24 
 
 Cotton free. free. 
 
 " cord, gimps and gal- 
 loons 30 24 
 
 Cottons, bleached, painted 
 
 printed or dyed 25 24 
 
 Cotton braces, or suspendere 30 24 
 
XVlll 
 
 TI. S. Taiiffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Cotton, all manufactures of, 
 
 not otherwise enumerated 25 
 Cotton caps, gloves, leggins, 
 
 mitts, socks, stockings, 
 
 ■wove shirts and drawers 20 
 Cotton hosiery, unbleached 20 
 Cotton mits and gloves .... 20 
 Cotton thread, twist and 
 
 yarn, all unbleached and 
 
 uncolored 25 
 
 Cotton thread, twist and 
 
 yarn, all bleached or col'd 25 
 Cotton twist, yarn and 
 
 thread, all other on spools 
 
 or otherwise 25 
 
 Cotton lace, including bobbi- 
 
 net 25 
 
 Cotton stockings 20 
 
 Counters 30 
 
 Counting-house boxes 30 
 
 Court plaster 30 
 
 Cowage, or Cowitch 20 
 
 Cowries, (shells) 5 
 
 Crab-claws 20 
 
 Crapes, silk 25 
 
 Crash 20 
 
 Cranks, mill, of wrought iron 30 
 
 Cravats 30 
 
 Cravat stiflfeners 30 
 
 Crayons 30 
 
 Crayon pencils 30 
 
 Creas, cotton, as cottons. . . 25 
 
 " linen 20 
 
 Cream of tartar 20 
 
 Crocus powder 20 
 
 Crockery 30 
 
 Crowns, Leghorn hat 30 
 
 Crucibles, all 30 
 
 Crystals, glass, for seal. (See 
 
 glass.) 
 
 Cubebs 20 
 
 Cudbear 10 
 
 Cummin seed free. 
 
 Cupboard turns 30 
 
 Curls, hair 30 
 
 Curriers' knives 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 4 
 15 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 4 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 4 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Perct. Perct, 
 
 Currants 40 8 
 
 Curtain rings 30 24 
 
 Custas, as manufactures of 
 
 cottons 25 24 
 
 Catch 10 free. 
 
 Cutlasses 30 24 
 
 Cutlery, all kinds 30 24 
 
 Cyanine of iodine 30 24 
 
 " potassium 30 24 
 
 " zinc 30 24 
 
 D 
 
 Daggers and dirks 30 24 
 
 Dates 40 8 
 
 Decanters, cut 40 30 
 
 " plain 30 24 
 
 Delph 30 24 
 
 Delphine 20 15 
 
 Demijohns 30 24 
 
 Denmaik satin, or satteens, 
 
 entirely stuff 25 19 
 
 Dentifrice 30 24 
 
 Devonshire kerseys 30 24 
 
 Diamonds 10 4 
 
 " set 30 24 
 
 " glaziers' 15 12 
 
 Diaper linen 20 15 
 
 Diapers, cotton 25 24 
 
 Dice, ivory or bone 30 24 
 
 Dimities and dimity muslin, 
 
 (see cottons). 25 24 
 
 Dimity furniture, dimity 
 cambrics, and all other 
 
 dimity, (see cottons) 25 24 
 
 Directions for patent medi- 
 cines 10 8 
 
 Distilled vinegar, medicinal 30 24 
 
 Diuretic, sal 20 15 
 
 Divi divi 20 free. 
 
 Dolls, of every description. . 30 24 
 
 Domets, a flannel 25 19 
 
 Dominoes, bone or ivory, if 
 
 any metaL 30 24 
 
 Dowlas 20 15 
 
 Doyleys, cotton or woollen . 25 24 
 
TJ. S. Tariffs oflUQ and 1857. 
 
 xiz 
 
 1846. 
 
 rercU 
 
 Doyleys, linen 20 
 
 Down, all kinds 25 
 
 Dragons' blood 15 
 
 Drawing pencils 30 
 
 Drawings 20 
 
 Drawer knobs, of brass, iron 
 steel, ivory, bone, wash- 
 ed, gilt or plated 30 
 
 Drawer knobs, of brass and 
 
 glass..., 30 
 
 Drawer knobs, entirely of 
 
 cut glass 40 
 
 Drawer knobs, entirely of 
 
 plain glass 30 
 
 Drawing knives 30 
 
 Drawers, Guernsey, wool or 
 
 worsted 30 
 
 Drawers, knit, without nee- 
 dlework 30 
 
 Drawers, silk, wove 30 
 
 " cotton, wove 20 
 
 Dried pulp 20 
 
 Drillings, linen 20 
 
 " if cotton be a com- 
 ponent material, subject 
 to the regulations respect- 
 ing cotton cloths 25 
 
 Drugs, dyeing, not other- 
 wise enumerated 20 
 
 Drugs, d^'eing or tanning, in 
 
 a crude state 20 
 
 Drugs, medicinal, not other- 
 wise enumerated, in a 
 
 crude state 20 
 
 Duck, Holland, English, 
 Russia, half-duck, and all 
 
 other sail duck 20 
 
 Dutch metal, in leaf. 20 
 
 Durante, worsted stuff. ... 25 
 
 Dust pans 30 
 
 Dyeing articles, crude, used 
 principally for, not other- 
 wise enumerated 20 
 
 Dyeing drugs, and materials 
 for composing dyes, crude, 
 not otherwise enumerated 20 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct 
 15 
 19 
 
 free. 
 24 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 15 
 15 
 19 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 free 
 
 E 
 
 1846. 
 Perct. 
 
 Earth, in oil 30 
 
 Earth, brown, red, blue, yel- 
 low, drj', as ochre 30 
 
 Earthenware 30 
 
 Ebony, manufactures of, or 
 of which it is the material 
 
 of chief value 40 
 
 Elastic gai'ters, made of elas- 
 tic wire, covered with lea- 
 ther, with metal claspa. . 30 
 
 Elephants' teeth 5 
 
 Elecampane 20 
 
 Embroideries, all in gold or 
 silver, fine or half fine, oi 
 
 other metal 30 
 
 Embroidery, if done by 
 hand with a needle, and 
 
 witli thread of gold 30 
 
 Emeralds 10 
 
 Emery 20 
 
 Emery cloth, cotton 25 
 
 Emetic, tartar, medicinal ... 30 
 
 Enamelled white 30 
 
 Engravers' copper, prepared 
 
 or polished 30 
 
 Engravers' scrapers and 
 
 burnishers 30 
 
 Engravings, books of, bound 
 
 or not 10 
 
 Epaulettes, all 30 
 
 Epsom salts 20 
 
 Equalizing files 30 
 
 Ergot 20 
 
 Escutcheons, silver 30 
 
 Escutcheons, braas, iron, 
 
 steel, gilt or plated 30 
 
 Escutcheon pins 30 
 
 Essence, all 30 
 
 Estopillas, linen 20 
 
 Etchings or engravings, ... 10 
 
 Ether 20 
 
 Etoile, or stars for orna- 
 ments, gold, or mi fin. . . . 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 PercL 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 4 
 8 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 8 
 15 
 
 24 
 
XX 
 
 U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 
 Ether, sulphuric 20 15 
 
 Extract of belladonna 80 24 
 
 " Campeachy wood, 20 4 
 
 " cicutie 30 24 
 
 " colocynth 30 24 
 
 " elaterium 30 24 
 
 " gentian SO 24 
 
 " hyosiamus 30 24 
 
 " indigo 20 4 
 
 " logwood 20 4 
 
 " nux vomica 30 24 
 
 " madder. 20 4 
 
 " opium 30 24 
 
 " rhatania 30 24 
 
 " rhubarb SO 24 
 
 " stramonium 30 24 
 
 Extracts and decoctions of 
 dye woods, not otherwise 
 
 provided for 20 4 
 
 Extracts, all other SO 24 
 
 Eyes and rods for staii-s SO 24 
 
 " bulls', a bean 20 15 
 
 " bulls', glass 30 24 
 
 False collars so 
 
 Fans, all 30 
 
 Fancy, or perfumed shaving 
 soaps, including Windsor 
 
 soap and wash balls SO 
 
 Fancy vials and bottles, un- 
 cut 30 
 
 Fastenings, shutter or other, 
 of copper, iron, steel, 
 brass, gilt, plated or ja- 
 panned 30 
 
 Fearnought cloth 30 
 
 Feathers, ornamental 30 
 
 " for beds 25 
 
 " vultures', for dust- 
 ers 20 
 
 Felts, or hat bodies made in 
 whole or in part of wool, 20 
 
 Feldspar. 20 
 
 Felting, hatters* 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Fennel, essence of. so 
 
 Ferrets, cotton 25 
 
 Ferri, rubigo 20 
 
 Fiddles 20 
 
 Fids 20 
 
 Fifes, bone, ivory or wood. 20 
 
 Figures, alabaster. 40 
 
 other 30 
 
 Figs. 40 
 
 Fig blue 20 
 
 Filberts 30 
 
 Files 30 
 
 File cuts 30 
 
 Filtering stones so 
 
 " unmanufac- 
 
 tured ... 20 
 
 Fire crackers 30 
 
 " irons or screens 30 
 
 Fish, pickled, other than in 
 barrels or half barrels, 
 
 not specified 20 
 
 Fish, in oil 40 
 
 " mackerel and herring, 
 
 pickled 20 
 
 " other 20 
 
 " glue, called isinglass. . 20 
 
 " hooks 30 
 
 " sauce 30 
 
 " skins, raw 20 
 
 " skin cases 20 
 
 Fisheries of the U. States 
 and their territories, all 
 
 products of free. 
 
 Fishing nets, other than dip 
 
 or scoop nets 30 
 
 Fishing lines, silk 25 
 
 Flags, floor matting, made of, 25 
 " carpets and carpeting, 
 and floor cloths, 
 
 made of. 25 
 
 Flageolets, wood, bone or 
 
 ivorj' 20 
 
 Flannels, all 25 
 
 Flap hinges 30 
 
 Flasks, or bottles that come 
 in gin cases 30 
 
 1857. 
 Perct. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 SO 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 30 
 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 16 
 
 free, 
 
 24 
 19 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 15 
 19 
 24 
 
 24 
 
U. S. Tariffs of 1S46 and 185Y. 
 
 XXI 
 
 1846. 
 
 I'cr ct. 
 
 Flasks, powder, brass, cop 
 
 pep, japanned or horn. . . 30 
 
 Flat irons 30 
 
 Flats, for making bats or 
 
 bonnets 30 
 
 Flax, unmanufactured 15 
 
 all manufactures of, 
 or of which flax is 
 a component part, 
 not otherwise speci- 
 fied 20 
 
 Flaxseed 10 
 
 Fleams 30 
 
 Flesbers 30 
 
 Flies, Spanish, or cantha- 
 
 rides 20 
 
 Flints 5 
 
 Flint stone 5 
 
 Flints, ground 20 
 
 Float files 30 
 
 Floor cloth, all stamped, 
 
 printed or painted 30 
 
 Floor cloth, dish or table, 
 
 mats of 30 
 
 " cloth, lined with 
 
 woollen or wool. . . 30 
 
 Flor benzoin 30 
 
 Florentine buttons, covered 
 
 with bombazette over a 
 
 metal form 25 
 
 Floss silk, and other similar 
 
 silks purifiedfrom the gum 25 
 Floss cotton (see cotton 
 
 thread) 25 
 
 Flour of wheat, or other 
 
 grain 20 
 
 Flour sulphur 20 
 
 Flower water, orange 30 
 
 Flowers, artificial 30 
 
 Flowers, all, not otherwise 
 
 provided for 20 
 
 Flutes, of wood, ivory or 
 
 bone 20 
 
 Flushings 30 
 
 Foils, fencing 30 
 
 Foil, copper 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 I'cr ct 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 free. 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 4 
 4 
 4 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Foil, silver 20 
 
 " tin 15 
 
 Fol, digitalis 20 
 
 Forks, all 30 
 
 Forge hammers 30 
 
 Forbidden fruit 20 
 
 Fossils free. 
 
 Fox glove 20 
 
 Frames, or sticks for um- 
 brellas or parasols 30 
 
 Frames, plated cruet 30 
 
 quadrant 30 
 
 " silver cruet 30 
 
 Frankincense, a gum 20 
 
 Fringes, cotton or wool. ... 25 
 
 " merino 25 
 
 Frize, or ratteens, of wool. . 30 
 
 Frizettes, hair or silk 30 
 
 Frocks, Guernsey 30 
 
 Frosts, glass 20 
 
 Fruits, preserved in brandy 
 
 or sugar 40 
 
 Fruits, preserved in their 
 
 own juice 20 
 
 Fruits, pickled 30 
 
 " green, ripe or dried, 
 
 40, 30 and 20 
 
 Frying pans 30 
 
 Fullers' boards 30 
 
 Fullers' earth 10 
 
 Fulminates, or fulminating 
 
 powders 20 
 
 Furniture, coach and harness 30 
 Furniture,brass, copper, iron 
 or steel, not coach or har- 
 ness 30 
 
 Furniture calico or chintz. 25 
 Furniture, household, not 
 
 otherwise specified 30 
 
 Furs, undressed, all kinds of, 
 
 on the skin. 10 
 
 Fur, dressed, all on the skin 20 
 
 " hats or caps of 30 
 
 " hat bodies or felts 30 
 
 Furs, hatters, dressed or un- 
 I dressed, not on the skin. . 10 
 
 1857. 
 
 rerct 
 15 
 12 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 8 
 free. 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 8 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 30 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 8 
 24 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 8 
 
XXll 
 
 TJ. S. Tarifs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct 
 Fur muffs or tippets, or 
 other manufactures not 
 
 specified 30 24 
 
 G 
 
 Galanga, 20 15 
 
 Gallengal, or gallengal root 20 15 
 
 Galloons, gold and silver, 
 
 fine or half fine 30 24 
 
 Galls, nut 5 free. 
 
 Gambia (Terra Japonica). . 10 free- 
 
 Gamboge, crude or refined 20 15 
 
 Game bags, leather or twine 30 24 
 
 Garance or madder, manu- 
 factures of 20 free. 
 
 Garnets, 10 4 
 
 " hardware 30 24 
 
 Garden seeds, not otherwise 
 
 specified free. free. 
 
 Garters, India rubber, with 
 
 clasps 30 24 
 
 Gauze, cotton 25 24 
 
 Gelatine 30 24 
 
 Gems 10 4 
 
 " set 30 24 
 
 Gentian, or gentian root... 20 15 
 
 German silver, manufactur- 
 ed or not 30 24 
 
 Gig hames, springs or han- 
 dles 30 24 
 
 Gilt fancy wares, jewelry, 
 
 wire, <fec 30 24 
 
 Gimblets 30 24 
 
 Gimps, cotton 30 24 
 
 silk 25 19 
 
 " thread, linen 20 15 
 
 " wire being a com- 
 ponent part, of chief value 30 24 
 
 Ginger, green, ripe, dried, 
 
 preserved or pickled, 40, 30 15 
 
 Gin 100 30 
 
 Gin cases, with bottles in 
 
 them, the cases pay 30 24 
 
 and the bottles 30 24 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Ginghams, as cottons 25 
 
 Ginseng 20 
 
 Girandoles 30 
 
 Glass, of antimony 30 
 
 Glass, broken 20 
 
 Glass, manufactures of, all 
 vessels or wares, of cut 
 
 glass 40 
 
 Glass, manufactures of, all 
 others not specially men- 
 tioned 30 
 
 Glass, apothecaries' vials, 16 
 
 ounces , . . . . 30 
 
 Glass bottles, black 30 
 
 " buttons, cut, entirely of 25 
 
 " colored 30 
 
 " green, pocket bottles. 30 
 " looking, plates, sil- 
 vered 30 
 
 Glasses, hour 30 
 
 " looking 30 
 
 Glass, paintings on 30 
 
 " cut 40 
 
 " plain or moulded. ... 30 
 
 " window 20 
 
 " polished plate 30 
 
 Glass, all articles not speci- 
 fied, 30 
 
 Glauber salts 20 
 
 Glaziers* diamonds 15 
 
 Globes 30 
 
 Gloves 30 
 
 " hair 25 
 
 Glue, all 20 
 
 Goats' hair 20 
 
 " skins, raw 5 
 
 " skins, tanned 20 
 
 Gold, all articles composed 
 wholly or chiefly of, in 
 quantity, not otherwise 
 
 specified 30 
 
 Gold beaters' brim 20 
 
 " beaters' moulds 10 
 
 " beaters' skins 10 
 
 " dust free. 
 
 " embroideries 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Perct 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 free. 
 
 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 12 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 free. 
 4 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
U. S. Tariffs of 1846 aiid 185T. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Gold and silver leaf 15 
 
 " muriate of 30 
 
 " oxide of 30 
 
 " paper, in sheets, str ps, 
 
 or other forms .... 30 
 
 Gold size 20 
 
 " shell for painting. ... 30 
 
 " etuds 30 
 
 Golo shoes or clogs 30 
 
 Gouges SO 
 
 Gowns 30 
 
 Gown patterns, wool being 
 
 a component part 30 
 
 Grains of Paradise 20 
 
 Grain tin 20 
 
 Granulated tin 20 
 
 Grapes, not dried 30 
 
 Grass bags 30 
 
 Grass and cotton cloth, as 
 
 cottons 25 
 
 Grass flats, braids or 
 
 plaits 30 
 
 Grass hats or bonnets 30 
 
 Grass, henguin 25 
 
 Grasshopper springs 30 
 
 Grass, Sisal, mats, of flags 
 
 and rope 25 
 
 Grease 10 
 
 Green, French, mineral and 
 
 olympian 20 
 
 Green turtle 20 
 
 Gridirons 30 
 
 Grindstones 5 
 
 Guava jelly, or paste 30 
 
 Guernsey frocks 30 
 
 Gunny bags. . , 20 
 
 Guano free. 
 
 " imitation of 20 
 
 Guinea grains 20 
 
 Guitars 20 
 
 Guitar strings, gut 20 
 
 Guimauve, or camomile. ... 20 
 
 Gum Benzoin, or Benjamin . 30 
 
 Gum, Senegal, Arabic and 
 
 Tragacanth, Barbary, East 
 
 India and Jedda, and all 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 12 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 8 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 
 19 
 8 
 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 4 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 other resinous substances 
 not specified, in a crude 
 
 state 10 
 
 Gum purdu, as opium 20 
 
 " substitute, burnt flour 
 
 and starch ........ 10 
 
 Gums, medicinal, in a crude 
 
 state 20 
 
 Gum elastic articles 30 
 
 Guns, (except muskets and 
 
 rifles) 30 
 
 Gun locks 30 
 
 Gunpowder 20 
 
 Gun wadding of paper .... 30 
 
 Gunny cloth 20 
 
 Gutta Percha, unmanufac- 
 tured 20 
 
 Guts, sheeps', salted 20 
 
 Gypsum, or plaster of Paris. free. 
 
 H 
 
 Hackels, all 30 
 
 Hair, Angora goats', un- 
 manufactured 20 
 
 Hair, made up for head 
 dresses 30 
 
 Hair, all other manufactures 
 of goats' or mohair 25 
 
 Hair, prepared for head 
 dresses 30 
 
 Hair nets 30 
 
 " cloth 25 
 
 " curled, for beds 20 
 
 " braids, for the head. . 30 
 
 " belts and brooms 30 
 
 " bracelets, chains, ring- 
 lets and curls 30 
 
 " gloves 25 
 
 " unmanufactured 10 
 
 " prepared and cleaned 
 
 for use 30 
 
 " pins 30 
 
 XXlll 
 
 1857. 
 Perct 
 
 8 
 15 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 19 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 24 
 
XXIV 
 
 U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Hair powder, perfumed, all 
 
 others not specified 30 
 " powder, not perfumed 20 
 
 " seating .... 25 
 
 " pencils 30 
 
 Hames, wood 30 
 
 Hammers, all 30 
 
 Hams, bacon 20 
 
 Hankerchiefs, linen 20 
 
 " other 25 
 
 Handles for chests 30 
 
 Hangers 30 
 
 Hangings, paper 20 
 
 Hares' hair or fur 10 
 
 Hare skins, undressed 10 
 
 " " dressed 20 
 
 Harlaem oil 30 
 
 Harness 30 
 
 " furniture 30 
 
 Harp strings, gut 20 
 
 wire 30 
 
 Harps and harpsichords. . . 20 
 
 Hartshorn 30 
 
 Hatchets 30 
 
 Hat felts or bodies, of wool, 
 not put in form or trim- 
 med 20 
 
 Hat bodies, cotton 30 
 
 Hats, Leghorn 30 
 
 " of chip, straw or grass 30 
 " cotton cloth, complete 
 with the exception 
 of the lining and 
 
 band 30 
 
 " of wool 20 
 
 " all other 30 
 
 Hatters' irons 30 
 
 Hautboys 20 
 
 Haversacks, of leather 30 
 
 Hayknives 30 
 
 Head-dresses, ornaments for 30 
 
 Head pieces for stills 30 
 
 Hearth rugs, all 30 
 
 Hellebore root 20 
 
 Hemlock 5 
 
 Hemp seed 10 
 
 1857. 
 Perct 
 
 24 
 15 
 19 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 8 
 8 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 4 
 
 free. 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Hemp, all manufactures of, 
 not otherwise spe- 
 cified, or of which 
 hemp is a compo- 
 nent part 20 
 
 Hemp, unmanufactured. ... 30 
 
 " (Manilla) 25 
 
 Henbane 20 
 
 Herrings 20 
 
 Hessians 20 
 
 Hides, raw and salted 5 
 
 " tanned 20 
 
 Hobby horses 30 
 
 Hods .- 30 
 
 Hoes 30 
 
 Hollands, brown 20 
 
 Hollow ware, tinned 30 
 
 Hones 20 
 
 Honey and honey water. . . 30 
 
 Hooks, all 30 
 
 Hooks and eyes, other 30 
 
 Hops 20 
 
 Horn combs 30 
 
 " tips 5 
 
 " plates for lanterns. . . 5 
 
 Horns 5 
 
 Household furniture 30 
 
 " " of cedar, 
 
 granadilla, ebony, ma- 
 hogany, rose and satin 
 
 wood 40 
 
 Hungary water 30 
 
 Hyacinth roots free. 
 
 Hydriodate of potash 20 
 
 Hydi-ometers, of glass 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Perct. 
 
 Ice 20 
 
 Imitation of precious stones 10 
 Implements of trade of per- 
 sons arriving in the Uni- 
 ted States free. 
 
 India grass 25 
 
 15 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 4 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 4 
 4 
 4 
 24 
 
 30 
 24 
 free. 
 15 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 19 
 
U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Vex ct. Ter ct. 
 
 India rubber, unmanufac- 
 tured 10 4 
 
 India rubber oil cloth and 
 shoes, or other manufac- 
 tured articles, composed 
 wholly or in part of India 
 
 rubber 30 24 
 
 India rubber suspenders. . . 30 24 
 
 " webbing 30 24 
 
 " milk of 20 4 
 
 Indian meal and corn 20 15 
 
 Indigo 10 4 
 
 Indispensables, or bags, lea- 
 ther 30 24 
 
 Indispensables, or bags, me- 
 rino stuff 25 19 
 
 Indispensables, or l)ags, silk 25 19 
 
 " bead 30 21 
 
 Ink 30 24 
 
 Ink powder 30 24 
 
 Ink stands, glass, cut 40 30 
 
 " all other 30 24 
 
 Instruments, philosophical. . 30 24 
 
 " musical 20 15 
 
 " philosophical, not 
 specially imported, duty 
 according to the materials 
 they are composed of. 
 
 Instruments, musical, brass. 20 15 
 
 Inventions, model of free. free. 
 
 Iodine 20 15 
 
 " salts of. 20 15 
 
 Ipecac, or ipecacuanha. ... 20 15 
 
 Iris root 20 15 
 
 Iron, articles not enumerat- 
 ed, manufactured from 
 iron, or of which iron is a 
 
 component part 30 24 
 
 Iron, in bars or bolls 30 24 
 
 " boiler plates 30 24 
 
 " in slabs, blooms, bolts, 
 loops, pigs, rod3, Ac, not 
 
 otherwise provided for. . . 30 24 
 
 Iron, all manufactures of. . . 30 24 
 
 Iridium 20 15 
 
 Isinglass 20 15 
 
 XXV 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 Per ct. I'er ct. 
 
 Issue peas 80 
 
 '• plaster 30 
 
 Ivory 5 
 
 " manufactures of 30 
 
 " black 20 
 
 " nuts 5 
 
 " vegetable, manufac- 
 tures of. 30 
 
 Jacks for piano fortes. . : . . . 20 
 
 " clotliiers' 30 
 
 Jack chains and screws. ... 30 
 
 Jalap 20 
 
 Japanned wares, of all kinds 30 
 Jellies, and all other similar 
 
 preparations 30 
 
 Jerk beef 20 
 
 Jet, real or composition. ... 30 
 
 Jewelry 30 
 
 " false, so called 80 
 
 Joints, India 30 
 
 Jostic, or jos light 20 
 
 Juice of oranges 20 
 
 Juniper berries 20 
 
 " plants free. 
 
 Junk, old free. 
 
 Jute 25 
 
 " carpeting 30 
 
 " yarn 20 
 
 . K 
 
 Kaleidescopes 30 
 
 Kalydor 30 
 
 Kelp 10 
 
 Kentledge 30 
 
 Kermes 5 
 
 " (mineral) 15 
 
 Kersey ratteen 30 
 
 Kerseys 30 
 
 24 
 24 
 free. 
 24 
 15 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 19 
 24 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 8 
 24 
 
 4 
 12 
 24 
 24 
 
XXVI 
 
 U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Kerseymere 30 
 
 Kerstes 20 
 
 Kettles, brass, in nests 30 
 
 " cast iron or copper 30 
 Keys, watch, of gold or sil- 
 ver 30 
 
 Keys, all other, of iron, 
 brass, copper, gold or sil- 
 ver. 30 
 
 Kilmarnock caps SO 
 
 Kirschenwassar 100 
 
 Knitting needles 20 
 
 Knives, all, of iron, steel, 
 copper, brass, pewter, 
 
 lead or tin 30 
 
 Knobs, brass, gilt, plated or 
 washed, iron, steel, cop- 
 per or brass 30 
 
 Knobs, cut glass 40 
 
 " glass, not cut 30 
 
 " " with brass, 
 
 iron, steel or composition 
 
 shanks 30 
 
 Knockers. 30 
 
 Kreosote 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 15 
 
 Labels, printed , 20 
 
 Labels, decanter or other, 
 
 gilt or plated 30 
 
 Labels, decanter or other, 
 
 gold or silver 30 
 
 Lac dye a 
 
 Lac marine 20 
 
 " spirits 20 
 
 " sulphur 20 
 
 Lace, all kinds of, made into 
 
 wealing apparel 30 
 
 Lace, bobbinet 25 
 
 " coach 25 
 
 " shawls, if sewed 30 
 
 " bobbinet veils, cottoa 30 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 30 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 4 
 
 15 
 4 
 4 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 
 1846. 1837. 
 Perct. PercC 
 Lace caps, collars, collar- 
 ettes, pelerines, chemi- 
 
 zettes, canezous, handker- 
 chiefs, collars and capes, 
 
 veils, cotton 30 24 
 
 Laces, all thread 20 15 
 
 " gold and silver 30 24 
 
 Laced boots or bootees 30 24 
 
 Lacets or lacings, silk or 
 
 cotton 25 19 
 
 Lacquered ware 30 24 
 
 Ladles, iron, tin, Britannia, 
 
 brass, copper or gilt .... 30 24 
 
 Ladle heads 30 24 
 
 Lake, (water colors) 30 24 
 
 " drop do 30 24 
 
 " paints 30 24 
 
 Lampblack. 20 15 
 
 Lamp hooks or pulleys, 
 
 brass, copper, iron or 
 
 wood 30 24 
 
 Lamps, brass, copper, tin or 
 
 plain glass 30 24 
 
 Lamps, cut glass 40 30 
 
 " with brass pillars 
 
 and glass chimneys or 
 
 domes, imported in them 30 24 
 
 Lancets 30 24 
 
 Lancet cases, shagreen, pa- 
 per or leather 80 24 
 
 Lantern leaves or horn • 
 
 plates 5 4 
 
 Lanterns, japanned, tin, gilt, 
 
 plated, brass, pewter or 
 
 copper 30 24 
 
 Lapis, calaminaris 20 15 
 
 infernalis 20 15 
 
 " tutia 20 15 
 
 Lard 20 15 
 
 Larding pins 30 24 
 
 Lasting, in strips or patterns 
 
 of the size and shape for 
 
 buttons, shoes or bootees. 5 4 
 
 Latches, iron, brass, steel, 
 
 gilt, plated, washed or 
 
 copper 30 24 
 
U, S. Tarifs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 rercL 
 
 Lath 20 
 
 Lattin, brass 30 
 
 Laudanum 30 
 
 Lavender, dry, flower of.. . 20 
 
 " flower 20 
 
 " water. 30 
 
 Lawn, cotton 25 
 
 " linen 20 
 
 or long lawn, linen. 20 
 Lead, all manufactures of, 
 not otherwise specified . . 30 
 
 Lead busts 30 
 
 " in bars 20 
 
 " black 20 
 
 " powder of black 20 
 
 " combs 30 
 
 '< old 20 
 
 " in pigs 20 
 
 " scrap 20 
 
 " sugar of 20 
 
 " pots, black 30 
 
 " nitrate of 20 
 
 " in sheets 20 
 
 " shot 20 
 
 " toys 30 
 
 " pipes 20 
 
 " ore 20 
 
 " in any other form not 
 
 specified SO 
 
 Leaders, leather 30 
 
 " worsted 25 
 
 Leaves, medicinal, in aci'ude 
 
 state 20 
 
 Leather bracelets, elastic. 30 
 
 " mits 30 
 
 " garters, elastic. ... 30 
 " and all manufac- 
 tures thereof, or of which 
 it is the material of chief 
 value, not otherwise spe- 
 cified 30 
 
 Leather, sole 20 
 
 " upper, 20 
 
 " patent. 20 
 
 Leaves for dyeing, in a crude 
 
 state 20 
 
 1857. 
 
 I'er ct 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 16 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 19 
 19 
 
 free. 
 
 1846. 
 PercU 
 
 Leaves not used in dyeing, 
 not otherwise provid- 
 ed for 20 
 
 " bocoa 20 
 
 Leeches 20 
 
 Lees, wine, liquid 20 
 
 Leghorn hats or bonnets, 
 and all hats or bonnets of 
 
 straw, chip or grass 30 
 
 Leghorn flats, braids,crown8 
 
 or plaits 30 
 
 Lemons, in bulk or in boxes, 
 
 barrels or casks. ... 20 
 
 " juice 10 
 
 peel 20 
 
 Leno, linen 20 
 
 " muslin 25 
 
 Leopard skins, raw 5 
 
 " skins, dressed 20 
 
 " spot cloth 30 
 
 Lime 10 
 
 " acetate of 20 
 
 " juice 10 
 
 Limes 20 
 
 Lines, fishing 30 
 
 " worsted 25 
 
 Linens, bleached or un- 
 bleached 20 
 
 " all manufactures of, 
 not otherwise spe- 
 cified 20 
 
 Linen bags 20 
 
 " canvas, black, in strips 
 or patterns, of the 
 size exclusively for 
 buttons, shoes or 
 
 bootees 5 
 
 " mitts 30 
 
 " tape 20 
 
 Links, coat 25 
 
 Linseed 10 
 
 Linseed cakes or meal 20 
 
 Linsey woolsey 30 
 
 Lint 20 
 
 Liqueurs or cordials, all.. . 100 
 Liquor, iron 20 
 
 XXVll 
 
 1857. 
 TercU 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 4 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 15 
 
 4 
 24 
 15 
 19 
 free. 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 30 
 15 
 
XXVlll 
 
 U. S. Tarifs o/1846 and 1857. 
 
 Liquor, purple. 
 
 1846. 
 PercU 
 
 ,.. 20 
 
 " red 20 
 
 " tin 20 
 
 " cases 30 
 
 Liqum ice paste, i-oot or juice 20 
 
 Litlmige 20 
 
 Lithographic stones 20 
 
 Lithontriptons 30 
 
 Litmus 20 
 
 Loadstones 30 
 
 Lotions, all cosmetic 30 
 
 Lozenges, all medicinal. ... 30 
 
 Locks, all 30 
 
 Long cloths, liable to the 
 regulations respecting 
 manufactures of cotton. . . 
 
 Long cloths, linen 20 
 
 Looking-glasses, plates or 
 
 frames 30 
 
 Lunar caustic 30 
 
 Lustres, glass, cut 40 
 
 " brass and glass. ... 30 
 
 Lutes 20 
 
 Lye, soda 20 
 
 M 
 
 Macaroni 30 
 
 Mace 40 
 
 Machinery, models of, and 
 
 other inventions free. 
 
 Machinerj', imported exclu- 
 sively for the manufacture 
 of flax and linen goods. . . 30 
 
 Madder 5 
 
 Madder root 5 
 
 Madopollams, cotton 25 
 
 Madras handkerchiefs, cot- 
 ton 25 
 
 Magic lanterns, and similar 
 articles, composed of tin, 
 glass, wood, brass, cop- 
 per, (fee 30 
 
 1857. 
 Per ct. 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 4 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 
 Magnesia 30 24 
 
 Magnesia, carbonate of . . . . 30 24 
 
 sulphate of 20 15 
 
 Mahogany 20 8 
 
 Mallets, wood 30 24 
 
 Malt 20 15 
 
 Manganese 20 15 
 
 Mangoes 20 15 
 
 Mangroves, or shells of .... 20 15 
 
 Manilla grass 25 19 
 
 Manna 20 8 
 
 Mantillas, silk 30 24 
 
 Mantles 30 24 
 
 Manufactured tobacco 40 30 
 
 Maps 10 free. 
 
 Marble, manufactures of ... 30 24 
 
 " busts, as statuary. . 30 free. 
 
 Marble, unmanufactured. . . 20 15 
 
 Marbles, toy, baked or stones 30 24 
 
 Marble table tops 30 24 
 
 Marine coral 20 15 
 
 Marmalade, a sweetmeat . . 40 30 
 
 Marrow 10 8 
 
 Marsh mallows 20 15 
 
 Mastic, crude or refined ... 20 15 
 
 Matches, for pocket lights. . 30 24 
 Mathematical instruments, 
 
 specially imported for any 
 
 college, academy, school 
 
 or seminary free. free. 
 
 Mathematical instruments, of 
 
 metal, ivory or wood. ... 80 24 
 
 Mats, cocoa nut 20 15 
 
 " table, straw, tow or 
 
 flag 25 19 
 
 " table, wood 30 24 
 
 " sheepskins 30 24 
 
 " oil or floor cloth, dish 
 
 or table 30 24 
 
 " if wool be a component 
 
 part 30 24 
 
 Matting, cocoa nut 20 15 
 
 " all floor of flags, 
 
 jute or grass ... 25 19 
 Mattresses, hair or moss linen 
 
 tick 20 15 
 
 Meal, cassada, linseed or oat 20 15 
 
U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 185 
 
 XXIX 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Meats, prepared 40 
 
 Medals and other collections 
 
 of antiquities free. 
 
 Medicinal preparations, not 
 
 otherwise specified 30 
 
 Medicinal drugs, roots and 
 leaves, in a crude state, not 
 
 otherwise specified 20 
 
 Metal, plated 30 
 
 Metallic slates, paper or 
 
 tin 25 
 
 Metallic pens 30 
 
 Metals, unmanufactured, not 
 
 otherwise provided for . . 30 
 Melting or glue pots, if 
 
 earthen 30 
 
 Mercury or quicksilver. ... 20 
 " all preparations of 25 
 Merino shawls, body worsted 
 
 or combed wool 30 
 
 Merino shawls, border wool- 
 len fringe, sewed on ... . 30 
 Merino cloth, entirely of 
 
 combed wool 25 
 
 Merino cloth, wool, not 
 combed, being a com- 
 ponent part 30 
 
 Merino, stuff 25 
 
 " fringe, worsted ... 25 
 " trimmings, worsted 25 
 " shawls, made of 
 
 wool 30 
 
 Manilla hemp 25 
 
 Mica 20 
 
 Milk of roses 30 
 
 Millinery of all kinds 30 
 
 Millepedes 20 
 
 Mill saws 30 
 
 Mills, coffee 30 
 
 Miniature cases, ivory 30 
 
 " sheets, ivory 30 
 
 Miniatures free. 
 
 Mineral and bituminous sub- 
 stances, in a crude state, 
 not otherwise provided for 20 
 Mineral water 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per cu 
 
 30 
 
 free. 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 19 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 19 
 19 
 19 
 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 free. 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct Per ct, 
 
 Minera salt, crude 20 15 
 
 Mock pearls lo 8 
 
 Modelling, specially import- 
 ed free, free. 
 
 Modelling, not specially im- 
 ported, according to the 
 materials of which com- 
 posed 30 24 
 
 Models of invention or im- 
 provements, not fitted for 
 
 use free. free. 
 
 Molasses 30 24 
 
 Moon knives 30 24 
 
 Mops 30 24 
 
 Morebad-swans, cotton 25 24 
 
 Morocco skins 20 19 
 
 Morphine, acetate, svilphate 
 
 or crystals of 30 24 
 
 Mortars, brass, marble or 
 
 composition 30 24 
 
 Moss, Iceland 20 15 
 
 " for beds 20 15 
 
 Mosaics, real, not set 10 4 
 
 " set 30 24 
 
 Mother of pearl, shells 5 4 
 
 Mother of pearl, articles 
 made of, not otherwise 
 
 enumerated 30 24 
 
 Mother of pearl studs 30 24 
 
 Mother of pearl buttons, 
 with metal eyes or 
 
 shanks 25 19 
 
 Moulds, button, 25 19 
 
 Mouse traps, wood or wire . 30 24 
 
 Muffs, of fur 30 24 
 
 Munjeet 5 fre& 
 
 Muriate of bai'ytes, gold, tin 
 
 or strontian 20 15 
 
 Music, in sheets or bound. . . 10 4 
 
 Musical instrimients 20 15 
 
 " instrument strings, 
 
 of gut 20 15 
 
 " instrument strings, 
 
 part of metal .... 30 24 
 
 Mushrooms 40 30 
 
 Mushroom sauce 30 24 
 
XXX 
 
 U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Musk 30 
 
 Muskets 30 
 
 Musket bayonets 30 
 
 " barrels 30 
 
 " bullets 20 
 
 " rods or stocks 30 
 
 Mustard, including the bot- 
 tles 20 
 
 Mustard seed free. 
 
 Myrrh, gum, crude ,. . . 20 
 
 Myrrh, refined 20 
 
 Myrobalan 20 
 
 N 
 
 1857. 
 Per ct. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 free- 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 15 
 
 25 
 
 25 
 30 
 
 Nankeens, imported direct 
 from China, (as cottons) . 
 Nankeens, not imported di- 
 rect from China, subject 
 to the regulations on 
 manufactures of cotton. 
 Nankeen shoes or slippers. 
 
 Napkins, cotton 25 
 
 Napt, or napped cottons, a 
 manufacture of wool . , . . 30 
 
 Narcoriue 20 
 
 Natron 10 
 
 Needles, all kinds 20 
 
 " crotchet 30 
 
 Nests, birds 20 
 
 Nets, fishing 30 
 
 Nickel 5 
 
 Nippers 30 
 
 Nitrate of barytes 20 
 
 " iron 20 
 
 " silyer or lunar 
 
 caustic 30 
 
 " strontian 20 
 
 »' tin 20 
 
 " lead 20 
 
 Nitre mur, tin 20 
 
 Nitrous acid 20 
 
 Norfolk latches 30 
 
 Noyeau 100 
 
 Nutria skins, if undressed. . 10 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 
 8 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 4 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 
 4 
 24 
 30 
 
 8 
 
 1846. 1857 
 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 
 Nut-galls 5 free. 
 
 Nutmegs 40 4 
 
 Nuts used in dyeing, special- 
 ly in a crude state 5 free. 
 
 Nuts, all not specially men- 
 tioned 30 24 
 
 Newspapers 10 8 
 
 Nux vomica 10 8 
 
 
 
 Oakum and junk free. free. 
 
 Oats or oatmeal 20 15 
 
 Ochre, dry 30 16 
 
 " in oil 30 24 
 
 Brown, blue, red and yellow 
 earth, to be considered as 
 
 ochre 30 15 
 
 Ochres, all, or ochery earths, 
 used in painters' colors, 
 
 when dry 30 15 
 
 Ochres, all, or ochery earths, 
 
 in oil 30 24 
 
 Odors or perfumes 30 24 
 
 Oil cakes 20 15 
 
 Oil cloth, and manufactures 
 
 of 30 24 
 
 " Harlsem so 24 
 
 " stones 20 15 
 
 " animali 20 15 
 
 Oil of cocoa-nuts 10 4 
 
 " palm bean 10 4 
 
 " palm 10 4 
 
 " neats' foot 20 15 
 
 " ricini,or palma christi 20 16 
 
 Oil, castor 20 16 
 
 " hemp seed 20 15 
 
 " linseed 20 15 
 
 " rape seed 20 16 
 
 " all, used in painting. ... 20 16 
 " spermaceti, of foreign 
 
 fishing 20 15 
 
 Oil, fish, and all other of 
 American fisheries, all ar- 
 ticles the production of 
 
 said fisheries free. free. 
 
U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 I'cr ct. 
 
 Oil, whale and other, (not 
 
 sperm,) of foreign fishing 20 
 
 Oils, all others 30 
 
 Old silver, fit only to be re- 
 
 nianufactured free. 
 
 Olives 30 
 
 Onions 20 
 
 Opium 20 
 
 " extract of. 30 
 
 Orange crystal 20 
 
 " flowers 20 
 
 bitters. 30 
 
 " peel 20 
 
 " issue peas 30 
 
 " flower water 30 
 
 Oranges 20 
 
 Ore, specimens of 20 
 
 Organs 20 
 
 Ornaments, gilt wood, gold 
 
 paper, or for ladies' head 
 
 dresses, silk 30 
 
 Ornaments, not for head 
 
 dresses, of metal 30 
 
 Oi'piment 10 
 
 Orris root 20 
 
 Osnaburghs 20 
 
 Ostrich plumes and feathers 30 
 
 Oxj-muriate of lime 20 
 
 " or chlorate of 
 
 potasse, or potash 20 
 
 Oysters 20 
 
 1857. 
 Per ct. 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 free. 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 8 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 8 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 
 15 
 15 
 
 Pack thread 30 
 
 Padding 30 
 
 Paddy 20 
 
 Pad screws 30 
 
 Paintings on glass* 30 
 
 " porcelain*. ... 20 
 
 " canvas 20 
 
 Paints, carmine 30 
 
 " dry or ground in oil, 
 not otherwise provided 
 for. 20 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 XXXI 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct 
 
 Paints, (water colors) 30 24 
 
 " Spanish brown, dry 20 16 
 
 " " " in oil 30 24 
 
 " terra umbra 20 15 
 
 " white lead 20 15 
 
 Painters' colors 20 15 
 
 Palm leaves, unmanufac- 
 tured 10 free. 
 
 Palm leaf hats or baskets. . 30 24 
 
 Pannel saws 30 24 
 
 Pit saws 30 24 
 
 Panilla grass 25 19 
 
 Paper, for screens or fire- 
 boards 20 15 
 
 Paper hangings 20 15 
 
 " all other, and all 
 
 manufactures of 30 24 
 
 Paper wadding 30 24 
 
 Parasols, silk 30 24 
 
 Parasol sticks or frames. ... 30 24 
 
 Parchment 30 24 
 
 Paris white, dry 20 15 
 
 Parts of stills, of copper. ... 30 24 
 
 Pasteboard 30 24 
 
 Paste giggers 30 24 
 
 " almond 30 24 
 
 " perfumed 30 24 
 
 " work that is set in 
 
 gold or silver 30 24 
 
 Paste, imitation of precious 
 
 stones 10 8 
 
 Pastel, or woad 10 4 
 
 Patent floor cloth, oil 30 24 
 
 " mordant 20 15 
 
 " yellow 20 15 
 
 Paving stones 20 15 
 
 " tiles 20 15 
 
 Pearl, mother of 5 4 
 
 Pearls, set 30 24 
 
 " aU 10 4 
 
 " composition, set. ... 30 24 
 
 " mock 10 8 
 
 Peas 20 15 
 
 Peanuts, 20 15 
 
 Pellitory root 20 16 
 
 Pelts, salted 5 4 
 
XXXll 
 
 TJ. S. Tariffs o/1846 a7id 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct 
 Pencils, black lead, camels' 
 
 hair, or red chalk . . 30 
 
 " slate 20 
 
 Pencil cases, gold, silver, 
 
 gilt or plated 30 
 
 Penknives 30 
 
 Pens, metallic 30 
 
 " quill 20 
 
 Pepper, black, white, cay- 
 enne, Chili or Afri- 
 can 30 
 
 red pod 20 
 
 Perfumery vials and bottles, 
 uncut, not exceeding 16 
 
 ounces each 30 
 
 Percussion caps 30 
 
 Perfumes 30 
 
 Perfumed soap for shaving 30 
 
 Perry 100 
 
 Personal and household ef- 
 fects, not merchandise, 
 of citizens of the U. S., 
 
 dying abroad free. 
 
 Peruvian bark 15 
 
 Petershams, woollen cloth. . 30 
 
 Petticoats, ready made. .. . 30 
 Pewter, old, fit only to be 
 
 re-manufactured 5 
 
 Pewter, articles of, not enu- 
 merated, manufactured 
 from, or of which pewter 
 
 is a component part 30 
 
 Phosphate of lime 20 
 
 of soda 20 
 
 Phosphorus lights, in glass 
 
 bottles, with paper cases 30 
 
 Phosphorus 20 
 
 Phosphuret of lime 20 
 
 Piano fortes 20 
 
 " forte ferrules 30 
 
 Pickles 30 
 
 Picrotoxine, an extract 30 
 
 Pimento 40 
 
 Pin or needle case-s, all. . . . 30 
 
 Pin cushions, silk .. . - • 2.5 
 
 « cotton 25 
 
 1857. 
 Perct. 
 
 24 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 
 4 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 4 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 Pincushions, wooL 30 
 
 Pincers 30 
 
 Pine apples 20 
 
 Pink saucers 30 
 
 Pins 30 
 
 Pins, silver, iron or pound. 30 
 
 Piperine 30 
 
 Pipes, clay, smoking 30 
 
 " watch, carre, or can- 
 non 30 
 
 " wood 30 
 
 Pistols 30 
 
 Pitch, Burgundy 25 
 
 Pitch 20 
 
 Plaids, cotton 25 
 
 Plains 30 
 
 Plaster of Paris, unground.free. 
 ground... 20 
 " court, on etlk or on 
 
 cambric 30 
 
 " busts, casts, statues 
 
 or ornaments 30 
 
 Planks, wrought or rough.. 20 
 
 Plants free. 
 
 Plane irons 30 
 
 Planes 30 
 
 Plata pina free. 
 
 Plate, sUver. 30 
 
 Plated wares of all kinds, 
 not otherwise specified. . 30 
 
 Platillas, linen 20 
 
 Platina, unmanufactured., .free. 
 " manufactures of. . . 30 
 
 " crucibles 30 
 
 Pla3'ing cards 30 
 
 Pliers 30 
 
 Ploughs 30 
 
 " plane 30 
 
 Plumbago 20 
 
 Plums 30 
 
 Plumes, ornamental 30 
 
 Plush, or sliag, worsted, ... 25 
 
 " cotton 25 
 
 " hair 25 
 
 " mohair, or goats' hair 25 
 " wool 30 
 
 1857. 
 Perct. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 »^ 
 free. 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 15 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 8 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 19 
 19 
 24 
 
V. S. Tariffs oflSiG and 1857. 
 
 XXXIH 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 riush, hatters', of silk and 
 
 cotton, cotton chief value 25 
 Pocket books, leather, or if 
 leather is the article of 
 
 chief value 30 
 
 Pocket books, pajier 30 
 
 " bottles, green glass. 30 
 Poil de chevre, wool and 
 
 cotton 30 
 
 Points, merino 30 
 
 Pole caps 30 
 
 " carriage hooks 30 
 
 " ferrules 30 
 
 Polishing stones 10 
 
 Polished or scraped brass. . 30 
 
 Polypodium 20 
 
 Pomatum 30 
 
 Pomegranates 20 
 
 Pomegranate peel 20 
 
 Poplins, stuff 25 
 
 Poppy heads 20 
 
 " oil 30 
 
 " seed free. 
 
 Porcelain 30 
 
 " glass 30 
 
 " slates 25 
 
 Pork 20 
 
 Porphyry 30 
 
 Portable desks 30 
 
 Porter 30 
 
 Potasse, prussiate of 20 
 
 Potassium 20 
 
 Potash, preparations of. . . . 20 
 
 Potatoes 30 
 
 Pots, black lead 30 
 
 " blue 30 
 
 " cast iron 30 
 
 " melting, earthen 30 
 
 Poultry or game, prepared . 40 
 
 Pounce 20 
 
 Pound ribbon 25 
 
 Powder, black lead 20 
 
 •' blue 20 
 
 " of brass 20 
 
 " puffs 30 
 
 " subtil, for the skin 30 
 
 1857. 
 Per ct. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 8 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 8 
 
 15 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 15 
 19 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 Powders, pastes, balls, bal- 
 sams, ointments, oils, wa- 
 ters, washes, tinctures, 
 essences, or other prepar- 
 ations or compositions 
 known as sweet scents, 
 odors, perfumes or cosme- 
 tics ; and all powders and 
 preparations for the teeth 
 
 or gums 30 24 
 
 Precious stones, set 30 24 
 
 " stones, of all kinds, 
 
 not set 10 4 
 
 " stones, glass, imita- 
 tion of, set 30 24 
 
 " stones, other imita- 
 tions of. 10 8 
 
 Prepared clay 20 4 
 
 Pressing boards 30 24 
 
 Prepared vegatables, meats, 
 
 poultry and game 40 30 
 
 Preserves, in molasses, and 
 
 all others 40 30 
 
 Princess stuff, woollen 30 24 
 
 Prints or engravings 10 8 
 
 Prisms, cut glass 40 30 
 
 Professional books of per- 
 sons arriving in the U. S. free. free. 
 Protractors, ivory mounted 30 24 
 
 Prunella 25 19 
 
 Prunella and similar fabrics, 
 not specified, in strips or i 
 
 patterns of the size and 
 shape suitable exclusively 
 for shoes, bootees and 
 
 buttons „ 5 4 
 
 Prunes 40 8 
 
 Prussian blue 20 4 
 
 Pucheri 20 15 
 
 Pullies, iron, brass, copper 
 
 or wood 30 24 
 
 Pumice 10 8 
 
 Pumpkins 20 15 
 
 Pumps, stomach 30 24 
 
 Punches, shoe SO 24 
 
 Punj urns, Madras, cottons. . 25 24 
 
XXXIV 
 
 TI. S. Tarifs of IMQ and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 Per ct Per ct. 
 
 Purple brown 20 15 
 
 " tin liquor 20 15 
 
 Putty 20 15 
 
 Q 
 
 vjuadrants and sextants. ... 30 24 
 
 Quadrant frames 30 24 
 
 Quality binding, worsted. . 25 19 
 
 Quassa wood 20 15 
 
 Quill baskets 20 15 
 
 Quilla bark 15 12 
 
 Quills 20 15 
 
 Quiltings, or bed quilts, 
 
 cotton 25 24 
 
 Quinine 20 15 
 
 " sulphate of. 20 15 
 
 R 
 
 Radix, or angelica root. ... 20 15 
 
 Rag stones 20 15 
 
 Rags, of any kind of cloth, 
 
 wool excepted 5 free. 
 
 Raisins 40 8 
 
 Rakes, iron, steel or wood. 30 24 
 
 Rape of grapes 20 15 
 
 " seed 10 free. 
 
 Rappers, brass or iron .... 30 24 
 
 Raes, cornu cervi 20 15 
 
 Rasps 30 24 
 
 Ratfa 100 30 
 
 Rattans, unmanufactured. . 10 free. 
 
 split 20 15 
 
 Rattles, wood, ivory, coral, 
 
 or with bells 30 24 
 
 Ravens duck, hemp or flax. 20 15 
 
 Razors 30 24 
 
 Razor cases 30 24 
 
 " strops, wood 30 24 
 
 Reaping hooks, iron or steel 30 24 
 
 Ready-made clothing 30 24 
 
 Red chromate of potash ... 20 15 
 
 " lead, ground inoil. . .. 20 15 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 Red precipitate 20 
 
 " Venetian, dry 20 
 
 " " ground in oil 30 . 
 
 " wood and red Sanders 
 
 wood 5 
 
 " wool, or fur for hatters 10 
 Reeds, unmanufactured. , . , 10 
 
 " manufactured 30 
 
 " weavers' 30 
 
 Reeves* colors 30 
 
 Regulus of antimony 20 
 
 Reindeer skins, dressed. . . 20 
 " " undressed . 5 
 
 " tanned 20 
 
 " tongues 20 
 
 Reps, natural silk and cotton 25 
 
 " silk 25 
 
 Resin 20 
 
 " of jalap 20 
 
 " nux vomica 20 
 
 Rest pins 30 
 
 Rhodium 20 
 
 Rhubarb 20 
 
 Ribbon wire, or canetille, 
 if covered with cotton 
 
 thread 30 
 
 Ribbon wire, covered with 
 
 silk 30 
 
 Rice 20 
 
 Rifles 30 
 
 Rigotine, a kind of woollen 
 
 cloth 30 
 
 Rings, all metal 30 
 
 Rivets, brass, iron and steel 30 
 
 Robes, made up 30 
 
 Rochelle salts 20 
 
 " or common salt . . 20 
 
 Rock moss 20 
 
 Rocoa 10 
 
 Rods and eyes of metal, for 
 
 stairs 30 
 
 Rods, wood, composition, 
 casement, slit or rolled 
 
 steel 30 
 
 Rolls, brown or white linen 20 
 Roller buckles, as saddlery. 
 
 1867. 
 Per ct 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 8 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 19 
 
 4 
 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 4 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 
Z7. S. Tariffs o/1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 
 Romals, cotton goods 25 24 
 
 ■Roman cement 20 15 
 
 " vitriol 20 15 
 
 Rope, made of hides cut in 
 
 strips 20 15 
 
 Rope or cordage of cocoa nut 
 
 shells 25 19 
 
 Rope, made of grass or bark 25 19 
 
 " ciar or coiar 25 19 
 
 Roots, arrow 20 15 
 
 " madder 5 free. 
 
 " medicinal, not spe- 
 cially mentioned, in 
 
 a crude state 20 15 
 
 " all not otherwise 
 
 enumerated free. free. 
 
 Rose leaves 20 15 
 
 " water 30 24 
 
 Rosin 20 15 
 
 Rosolio 100 30 
 
 Rotten stone 10 8 
 
 Rouens, linen 20 15 
 
 Rouge 30 24 
 
 Rubrum, bark acer 20 15 
 
 Rubies 10 4 
 
 " set 30 24 
 
 Rugs, for bed covering*, 
 
 cotton, 25 24 
 
 " all other 30 24 
 
 Rules, all SO 24 
 
 Rum 100 30 
 
 " bay, or bay water ... 30 24 
 
 •• cherry 100 30 
 
 Russia crash, hemp 20 15 
 
 " dnck, diaper, linen, 
 sheetings, and other 
 
 of ilax 20 15 
 
 Rust of iron 20 15 
 
 Rye 20 15 
 
 " flour 20 15 
 
 s 
 
 Sabres •. 30 24 
 
 Saccharum saturni, S. of L . 20 15 
 
 Sacking, linen 20 15 
 
 XXXV 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 Saddlery, all not otherwise 
 
 specified 30 24 
 
 Saddlery, silver plated , brass 
 
 or steel 30 24 
 
 Saddlery, tinned, japanned 
 
 or common 20 15 
 
 Saddle hooks, 30 24 
 
 " trees 30 24 
 
 Saddles 30 24 
 
 Safflower 5 4 
 
 Saffron 20 15 
 
 cake 20 15 
 
 Sago 20 15 
 
 Salacine 30 24 
 
 Sail duck 20 15 
 
 Sal ammoniac 10 8 
 
 " diuretic 20 15 
 
 " succinic 20 15 
 
 Salempores, cottons 25 24 
 
 Salep 20 15 
 
 Salmon, preserved 30 24 
 
 " in oil... 40 30 
 
 Salt 20 15 
 
 Salts, chemical, all 20 15 
 
 Salted skivers, roans or pelts 5 4 
 Saltpetre, or nitrate of pot- 
 ash, crude 5 4 
 
 Salpetre, refined 10 8 
 
 " partially refined. . 10 8 
 
 Sandarach, refined 20 15 
 
 Sandstones 20 15 
 
 Sannas 25 24 
 
 Sarcocolla, crude 20 8 
 
 Sardines, (in salt) 20 15 
 
 and all fish in oil. . 40 30 
 
 Sarsaparilla 20 15 
 
 Sarsnets, silk 25 19 
 
 cotton 25 24 
 
 Sash fasteners 30 24 
 
 Sashe3,silk 30 24 
 
 Sassafras 20 15 
 
 Satin, Denmark 25 19 
 
 " gauze 25 19 
 
 " silk 25 19 
 
 Sauces, all kinds, not other- 
 wise enumerated 80 24 
 
XXXVl 
 
 U. S. Tar',ffs o/1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct Per ct. 
 Saucepans, copper, iron or 
 
 tin 30 24 
 
 Sausages, (if not Bologna). . 40 30 
 
 Saws, 30 24 
 
 Saw sets 30 24 
 
 Sawns, cottons 25 24 
 
 Scagliola tables or slabs. . . 40 30 
 
 Scale beams 30 24 
 
 Scales 30 24 
 
 Scammoniate 20 8 
 
 Scantling 20 15 
 
 " and sawed timber 
 not planed or wrought 
 
 into shape for use 20 15 
 
 Scarfs, silk, cotton or wool 30 24 
 
 Scilla, or squills 20 15 
 
 Scissors 30 24 
 
 Scoop nets 30 24 
 
 Scotch braces 30 24 
 
 Scrapers 30 24 
 
 Sea weed, and all other 
 vegetable substances used 
 
 for beds or mattresses.. . 20 15 
 
 Seeds, garden free. free. 
 
 " all others not speci- 
 fied free. free. 
 
 Seed lac 5 4 
 
 Seines 30 24 
 
 Segars 40 30 
 
 " paper 40 30 
 
 Seltzer water. 30 24 
 
 Seneca, or radix root 20 15 
 
 Senna 20 15 
 
 Sepia 20 15 
 
 Serge, woollen 30 24 
 
 Sextants '.. 30 24 
 
 Shades, lace, sewed 30 24 
 
 Shaddocks 20 8 
 
 Shaving soap, 30 24 
 
 Shawls, all 30 24 
 
 Sheai-s 30 24 
 
 Sheathing metal, patent, 
 composed in part of cop- 
 per free. free. 
 
 Sheathing paper 20 15 
 
 Sheets, willow 30 24 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Sheetings, linen, hemp or 
 
 Russia, brown or white. . 20 
 Shell, gold, for painting. ... 30 
 " silver, for painting.. 30 
 " boxes, not otherwise 
 
 enumerated 30 
 
 Shell, baskets 30 
 
 " turtle or tortoise 5 
 
 Shellac 5 
 
 Shells, all other 5 
 
 Shingles 20 
 
 Shirtings, cotton bleached 25 
 
 " linen 20 
 
 Shirtings, unbleached .... 25 
 Shirts, woollen or worsted, 
 and all other similar 
 manufactures made on 
 
 frame 50 
 
 Shirts, silk 30 
 
 Shoe binding, .silk. 25 
 
 woollen 30 
 
 " thread 20 
 
 Shoes or slippers for chil- 
 dren 
 
 Shoes or slippers for grown 
 
 persons, of silk 
 
 Shoes or slippers of leather 
 
 for men 
 
 Shoes or slippers of prunella, 
 stuff, or other materials, 
 except silk, for women. 
 Shoes, i. e., double-soled 
 pumps and welts, wo- 
 men's, leather 30 
 
 Shot bags 30 
 
 " belts 30 
 
 Shovels 30 
 
 Shrubs free. 
 
 Shute, (Imperial) 20 
 
 Shuttle-cocks and battle- 
 dores 30 
 
 Sickles, iron, steel 30 
 
 Sieves, lawn, cypress, wire 
 
 or hair 30 
 
 Silks, all manufactures of, 
 not otherwise specified . . 25 
 
 30 
 
 80 
 
 30 
 
 30 
 
 1857 
 
 Perot. 
 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 free. 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
U. S. Tariffs o/lS46 and 1857. 
 
 XXXVll 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 Silk, raw, not more ad- 
 vanced in manufacture 
 than singles, tram, 
 
 thrown or organzine 15 
 
 Silk, sewing, all 30 
 
 " " in the gum... 30 
 " aprons, collars, cuffs, 
 chemizettes, turbans, man- 
 tillas and pellerines 30 
 
 Silk and worsted valeneias, 
 toilenets or crape de Ly- 
 ons 25 
 
 Silk and worsted shawls, 
 
 hemmed 30 
 
 Silk and worsted, manufac- 
 tures of 25 
 
 Silk and cotton vesting. ... 25 
 
 " bobbin or braids 25 
 
 " caps, if entirely of silk 30 
 
 " cords 25 
 
 " curls 30 
 
 " floss and other similar, 
 purified from the gum. . . 25 
 
 Silk frizettes 30 
 
 " garters with wire and 
 
 clasps 30 
 
 Silk gloves 30 
 
 " tassels 25 
 
 " hats or bonnets for wo- 
 men 30 
 
 Silk hat bands 25 
 
 " handkerchiefs, not sew- 
 ed 25 
 
 Silk hose 30 
 
 " " sewed 30 
 
 " lace 25 
 
 " mitts 30 
 
 " " sewed. 30 
 
 " manufactures with gold 
 or silver, or other metal. 30 
 
 Silk pongees, white 25 
 
 " ornaments, oil cloth, 
 suspenders, stocks, stock- 
 ings, twist 30 
 
 SUk watch chains or ribbons 25 
 " webbing 25 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 19 
 19 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 
 19 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 
 24 
 19 
 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 19 
 
 24 
 19 
 19 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct 
 Silk, all other articles, not 
 otherwise specified, made 
 up by hand, in whole or 
 
 part 30 
 
 Silver bullion and coin. . . .free. 
 " all manufactures of, 
 not otherwise specified. . . 30 
 Silver plated metal, in 
 
 sheets or other form .... 30 
 Silver, German, in sheets. . . 30 
 " " manufac- 
 tures of 30 
 
 Silvered wire 30 
 
 Syrup of sugar cane, in casks 30 
 
 Sisal grass 25 
 
 Sithes, 30 
 
 Skates 30 
 
 Skeletons.. 20 
 
 Skivers, tanned 20 
 
 " pickled 5 
 
 Skins, pickled, in casks. ... 5 
 " of all kinds in the 
 hair, dried, raw or un- 
 manufactured 5 
 
 Skins, calf and seal, tanned 
 
 and dressed 20 
 
 Skins, glazed, as patent lea- 
 ther 20 
 
 Skins, fish, for saddlers, <fec.. 20 
 " white, for druggists. . 20 
 " dressed with alum 
 
 only 20 
 
 Skins, sheep, tanned or 
 
 dressed 20 
 
 Skins, goat or morocco, tan- 
 ned and dressed 20 
 
 Skins, kid, tanned and 
 
 dressed 20 
 
 Skins, goat and sheep, tan- 
 ned and not dressed 20 
 
 Skins, kid and lamb, tanned 
 
 and not dressed 20 
 
 Skins, tanned and dressed, 
 otherwise than in colors, 
 viz. : fawn, kid and lamb, 
 known aa chamois 20 
 
 1857. 
 Perct 
 
 24 
 free, 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 19 
 4 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 15 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
 19 
 
XXXVlll 
 
 n. S. Tanffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Skins, -with -wool upon 
 
 them 20 
 
 Slates of all kinds 25 
 
 Sledges. 30 
 
 Slick stones 20 
 
 Smalts 20 
 
 Snails 20 
 
 Snake-root 20 
 
 Snaps, a clasp or ketch .... 30 
 
 Snuff. 40 
 
 Snuffers SO 
 
 Snuffer trays 30 
 
 Soap, all 80 
 
 " stocks and stuffs 10 
 
 Soda, ash 10 
 
 " preparations or manu- 
 factures of 20 
 
 Soie blanch. Chenille 25 
 
 Solanine 20 
 
 Soles, felt or cork 30 
 
 Sooty romals, cotton 25 
 
 Souvenirs 30 
 
 Soy 30 
 
 Spars 20 
 
 Spartaria 30 
 
 Spatulas 30 
 
 Spartateen, or coral 20 
 
 Spa, or spaware 40 
 
 Specimens anatomical pre- 
 parations 30 
 
 Spectacle cases, all 30 
 
 " glasses, not set.. . 30 
 
 •' " pebble, not 
 
 set. 30 
 
 Spectacles, all 30 
 
 Spelter, manufactures of. . . 30 
 " in pigs, bars or 
 
 plates 5 
 
 Spelter, in sheets. 16 
 
 Spermaceti oil, of foreign 
 
 fisheries 20 
 
 Spider net, considered as 
 
 cotton cloth 25 
 
 Spirits, yellow 20 
 
 " all, distilled 100 
 
 Spokeshaves 30 
 
 1857. 
 Perct. 
 
 15 
 19 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 30 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 8 
 4 
 
 15 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 30 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 4 
 12 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 15 
 30 
 24 
 
 Spokes, . . . 
 Sponges, . , 
 Spoons, all . 
 Spunk. 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 Spurs, all 30 
 
 Springs, for wigs 30 
 
 Spy-glasses 30 
 
 Squares, all 30 
 
 Starch 20 
 
 Stars of gold, fine and half 
 
 fine 30 
 
 St. Ignatius' beans 20 
 
 Statues and specimens of 
 
 statuary free. 
 
 Staves, all 20 
 
 Stavesacre 20 
 
 Steel, cast, shear and Ger- 
 man, in bars 15 
 
 Steel, in bars, all other 20 
 
 " all manufactures 30 
 
 " not otherwise provid- 
 ed for 20 
 
 Stereotype plates 20 
 
 Stiffeners for cravats 30 
 
 Still worms 30 
 
 Stockinetts 30 
 
 Stomach pumps 30 
 
 Stone ware, and all other 
 ware composed of earth 
 or mineral substances, 
 whether gilt, painted, 
 
 printed or glazed 30 
 
 Stone, Armenian 20 
 
 Stones, Bristol 20 
 
 " caustic 20 
 
 " mill, fit for use 20 
 
 " not merchantable, 
 
 ballast 20 
 
 Stones, oil 20 
 
 Storax 30 
 
 Straw baskets 30 
 
 " carpets and carpeting 25 
 " for hats, in natural 
 
 state 20 
 
 Stretchei's for umbrellas and 
 parasols 30 
 
 1857 
 Perct, 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 15 
 
 free. 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 12 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
U. S. Tarifs of 18i6. and 1857. 
 
 XXXIX 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 Strings of musical instru- 
 ments, if gut 20 
 
 Strings, bow, if gut 20 
 
 " hatters', if gut 20 
 
 Strontian 20 
 
 Strychnine 30 
 
 Studs, all 30 
 
 Stuff, princettas. 25 
 
 " goods, all kinds of 
 
 ■worsted 25 
 
 Succory, ground 20 
 
 Sugars, all 30 
 
 Sugar of lead 20 
 
 " syrup of 30 
 
 " moulds, hooped or not 30 
 Sulphate of quinine, of rhu- 
 barb, of zinc, of magnesia 
 
 or of iron 20 
 
 Sulph. mur. tin 20 
 
 Sulphur, flor 20 
 
 Sulphuric ether 20 
 
 Sumac 5 
 
 Surgeons' instruments, all. . 30 
 
 Surplice pins 30 
 
 Suspenders, all 30 
 
 Suspender ends 30 
 
 Swans, down of. 25 
 
 Swansdown, woollen 30 
 
 " cloth 30 
 
 Sweetmeats or comfits, all. . 40 
 
 Sword knots, lace 30 
 
 gold and sil- 
 ver, fine and half fine. . . 30 
 Sword knots, silk or worst- 
 ed 25 
 
 Shingle and stave bolts. . . . 
 
 1857. 
 Per ct. 
 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 
 19 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 4 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 19 
 24 
 24 
 30 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 19 
 free. 
 
 Table tops, scagliola 40 
 
 Tailors' chalk 20 
 
 Talc 20 
 
 Tallow 10 
 
 " candles 20 
 
 30 
 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 1846. 
 Per ct. 
 
 Tamarinds, preserved 40 
 
 20 
 
 Tamboreens 20 
 
 Tannin 30 
 
 Tapers, paper, with cotton 
 
 wick 30 
 
 Tapers, spermaceti, stearine 
 
 or wax 20 
 
 Tapioca 20 
 
 Tares 20 
 
 Tar, Barbadoes, crude 20 
 
 " coal 20 
 
 Tarpaulings 20 
 
 Tartrate of antimony, or 
 
 tart, emetic 20 
 
 Tasters, cheese 30 
 
 Teas, all kinds, direct from 
 
 China or places of their 
 
 growth free. 
 
 Teas, other 20 
 
 Teazles 20 
 
 Teeth, all other 5 
 
 Telescopes 30 
 
 Terraglis, a kind of coral. . . 20 
 Terra-japonica. 10 
 
 " de sienna, dry or in oil. 30 
 
 " umbra 30 
 
 Teutenague, in sheets 15 
 
 " boxes 30 
 
 " unmanufactured 5 
 
 Theriaque 20 
 
 Thibet, cashmere of 25 
 
 " shawls, real or goats' 
 
 hair. 30 
 
 Thibet, shawls, entirely of 
 
 combed wool 30 
 
 Thibet shawls, body cotton, 
 
 with worsted fringe 30 
 
 Thimbles, all 30 
 
 Tlior marine 20 
 
 Thread, escutcheons 80 
 
 pack 30 
 
 Thridace 20 
 
 Ticks, cotton 25 
 
 Ticklenbergs 20 
 
 Tifi"enies 25 
 
 1857. 
 PercU 
 
 30 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 
 15 
 24 
 
 free, 
 15 
 15 
 4 
 24 
 15 
 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 12 
 24 
 4 
 15 
 19 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 19 
 
xl 
 
 TJ. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Tiles, marble 30 
 
 " paving and roofing. . . 20 
 Timber, hewn or sawed. ... 20 
 
 Time pieces 30 
 
 Tin, in bars 5 
 
 " banca 5 
 
 " block 5 
 
 " boxes 30 
 
 " crystals of. 20 
 
 " foil 15 
 
 " granulated 20 
 
 " grain 20 
 
 " liquor 20 
 
 " muriate of 20 
 
 " oxide of. 20 
 
 " in pigs 5 
 
 " in plates 1.5 
 
 " " galvanized. ... 15 
 
 " in sheets 15 
 
 " tagger 15 
 
 " all manufactures of . . . . 30 
 
 Tinctures, odoriferous 30 
 
 " baik, and other 
 
 medicinal 30 
 
 Tips and runners for parasols 
 
 and umbrellas, metal .... 30 
 Tippets, if classed as milli- 
 nery 30 
 
 Tobacco, manufactured. .. . 40 
 " leaves, or unman- 
 ufactured 30 
 
 Toilet glasses 80 
 
 Toilenets 30 
 
 Tolu, balsam of 30 
 
 Tongues, reindeer. 20 
 
 " sounds 20 
 
 " neats, smoked. .. . 20 
 
 Tonqua beans 20 
 
 Tools and implements of 
 trade of persons arriving 
 in the U. S., not including 
 machinery or articles im 
 ported for manufacturing 
 establishments, or on sale.free. 
 Tooth brushes or powders. . 30 
 " picks, all 30 
 
 1857. 
 Per ct. 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 24 
 15 
 12 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 
 free. 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 8 
 
 12 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 30 
 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 
 free. 
 24 
 24 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct, 
 
 Topaz, real 10 4 
 
 " imitation, other than 
 
 glass 10 8 
 
 Touch stones 20 15 
 
 Tow sacking, flax 20 15 
 
 Toys, of every description. . 30 24 
 
 Trays and waiters, all 30 24 
 
 Treacle, molasses 30 24 
 
 Tresses, lace 30 24 
 
 Trees free. free. 
 
 Trufiles 40 30 
 
 Trusses 30 24 
 
 Tubes, all 30 24 
 
 Tug buckles, as saddlery.. . 30 24 
 
 Turmeric 5 free. 
 
 Turquoises 10 4 
 
 Turpentine, spirits of. 20 15 
 
 Turtles 20 15 
 
 Tweezers, all 30 24 
 
 Twine 30 24 
 
 Types, new or old 20 15 
 
 " metal 20 15 
 
 u 
 
 Umbrellas 30 24 
 
 Umbrella furniture 30 24 
 
 V 
 
 Valencias, wool. ,,,, 30 24 
 
 Valencias, worsted 25 19 
 
 Valicene 30 24 
 
 Valonia 5 free. 
 
 Vanilla, plants of free. free. 
 
 " beans 20 15 
 
 Varnishes, of all kinds 20 15 
 
 Vases, porcelain, containing 
 
 flowers, with stands and 
 
 shades 30 24 
 
 Vegetables, prepared 40 30 
 
 " used in dyeing, 
 
 or in composing dyes, in 
 
 a crude state . 6 free. 
 
U. S. Tariffs o/l846 and 185T. 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per cL 
 
 Vegetables, not otherwise 
 
 provided for 20 15 
 
 Veils, lace, cotton or silk. . . 30 24 
 
 Vellum 30 24 
 
 Velvet, cotton, or silk and 
 cotton, cotton the chief 
 
 value 20 24 
 
 Velvet, silk 25 19 
 
 " binding, cotton. ... 25 24 
 " terry or figured, in 
 strips or patterns of the 
 size exclusively for but- 
 tons 5 4 
 
 Velvet binding, silk 25 19 
 
 Velveteens, cotton 25 19 
 
 Veneering rods 30 24 
 
 Venetian red, dry or in oil. 30 24 
 
 Venison hams 20 15 
 
 Veratrine 20 15 
 
 Verdigris 20 15 
 
 Verditure 20 15 
 
 VermiceUi 30 24 
 
 Vermilion 20 15 
 
 Vessels, cast iron, not other- 
 wise specified 30 24 
 
 Vessels, copper 30 24 
 
 Vestings, cotton 25 24 
 
 Vests 30 24 
 
 Vinegar.. 30 24 
 
 Violins 20 15 
 
 Violin strings, gut or wire. 20 15 
 
 Vitriol, oil of. 10 8 
 
 " blue 20 15 
 
 " green 20 15 
 
 « white 20 15 
 
 w 
 
 Wadding paper 30 24 
 
 Wafers 30 24 
 
 Wagon boxes 30 24 
 
 Waiters, all 30 24 
 
 Walking sticks or canes. . . 30 24 
 Ware, chemical earthen pot- 
 tery, of a capacity exceed- 
 ing 10 gallons SO 15 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Washes 30 
 
 Wash balls 30 
 
 Waste or shoddy 5 
 
 Watch crystals, when not set 30 
 
 Watch pipe keys 30 
 
 Watches 10 
 
 Watch materials, and parts 
 
 of watches 10 
 
 Water wheels of iron 30 
 
 " colors 30 
 
 Wax beads 30 
 
 " bees', bleached or un- 
 bleached 20 
 
 " sealing 30 
 
 " shoemakers' 20 
 
 Wearing apparel, new 30 
 
 Webbing, India rubber. ... 30 
 
 Wedgewood ware 30 
 
 Weld 5 
 
 Wet blue 20 
 
 Whalebone, of foreign fish- 
 ing 20 
 
 Whalebone, of American 
 
 fishing free. 
 
 Wheat 20 
 
 " flour 20 
 
 Whetstones 20 
 
 Whips 30 
 
 Whisky, all 100 
 
 Whiting 20 
 
 " ground in oil 20 
 
 Wick, cottons or wick yarns, 
 
 as cotton yarn 25 
 
 Wigs 30 
 
 Willows 20 
 
 Wines, all 40 
 
 Wire, brass 30 
 
 " bonnet or cap, covered 
 with silk 25 
 
 " all other 30 
 
 Wood, bar 5 
 
 " Brazil 5 
 
 " Brazilletto 5 
 
 " chess men 30 
 
 " camwood 5 
 
 " carmaguey 5 
 
 1857. 
 
 Per cl. 
 
 24 
 24 
 4 
 24 
 24 
 
 4 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 15 
 24 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 4 
 15 
 
 15 
 
 free. 
 15 
 15 
 15 
 24 
 SO 
 15 
 15 
 
 24 
 24 
 15 
 30 
 24 
 
 19 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 free 
 
xlii 
 
 TI. &. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 1846. 
 
 Per ct. 
 
 Wood, dye, all in sticks ... 5 
 
 " fire 30 
 
 " fustic 5 
 
 " goncallo, aloes 30 
 
 " jacks 30 
 
 " ligniimvitae 30 
 
 " log 5 
 
 •' Nicaragua 5 
 
 " Pernambuco 5 
 
 " queen's 5 
 
 '' red Sanders 5 
 
 " red 5 
 
 " Rio de la Hache. . . 6 
 " Santa Martha, and 
 otber dye-woods 5 
 
 Wood, sandals, in sticks, 
 dust or powder 5 
 
 Wood, ebony and grana- 
 dilla 20 
 
 Wood, unmanufactured, of 
 any kind not enumerated 30 
 
 Wood, Jacaranda, or rose . . 20 
 " rose, satin, cedar and 
 mahogany 20 
 
 Wood, quassia, crude 20 
 
 " all manufactures of, 
 not otherwise specified. . 30 
 
 Wool, angora, goats' hair. . 20 
 " carded, considered as 
 unmanufactured 30 
 
 Wool, costing over 20 cts 
 per lb 20 
 
 Wool, if cost 20 cents or less 
 at place of exportation . . free. 
 
 Wool, red, natural 30 
 
 " if cost 20 cents or less 
 at place of exportation .free. 
 
 Wool hats 20 
 
 Wool, all other unmanu- 
 factured 30 
 
 Wool, if cost 20 cents or less 
 at place of exportation, .free. 
 
 Wool, on the skin 20 
 
 " all manufactures of. . . 30 
 
 Woollen bags, cloth and rugs 30 
 
 " cassimere 30 
 
 1857. 
 
 Perct. 
 
 free. 
 24 
 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 free. 
 
 8 
 
 24 
 
 8 
 
 15 
 
 24 
 free. 
 
 24 
 
 20 
 
 free. 
 24 
 
 free. 
 15 
 
 24 
 
 free. 
 15 
 24 
 24 
 24 
 
 1846. 1857. 
 
 Per ct. Per ct. 
 
 Woollen flocks 5 4 
 
 " listings 20 15 
 
 " stockings, bind- 
 ings, gloves, mitts, floor 
 
 cloth or hosiery 30 24 
 
 Woollen tippets, wove 30 24 
 
 " yarn 25 19 
 
 Worms for stills 30 24 
 
 Wormwood, oil of. 30 24 
 
 Worsted stufi", all piece 
 
 goods 25 19 
 
 Worsted and silk shawls ... 30 24 
 " and silk shawls, 
 
 hemmed 30 24 
 
 Worsted and silk, manufac- 
 tures of 25 19 
 
 Worsted bags 25 19 
 
 caps 30 24 
 
 " table covers 25 19 
 
 " bindings 25 19 
 
 " braces, hose or 
 
 drawers 30 24 
 
 Worsted plains 25 19 
 
 gloves 30 24 
 
 mitts 30 24 
 
 toilinets 25 19 
 
 twist 25 19 
 
 " valencias 25 19 
 
 " wove pantaloons. . 30 24 
 
 shirts 30 24 
 
 " shag or plush, cut 
 
 ornot 25 19 
 
 Worsted varn 25 19 
 
 Yams 20 15 
 
 z 
 
 Zinc, nails 30 24 
 
 " in pigs, or unwrought 5 4 
 
 " in sheets 15 12 
 
 " oxide of 20 15 
 
 " manufactures of 30 24 
 
TARIFF OF 1846. 
 
 A BILL KEDUCING THE DUTY ON BIPORTS, AND FOR OTHER 
 
 PURPOSES. 
 
 Passed July 29, 1846. 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States 
 of America, in Congress assembled, That from and after the first day of Decem- 
 ber next, in lieu of the duties heretofore imposed by law on the articles herein- 
 after mentioned, and on such as may now be exempt from duty, there shall be 
 levied, collected and paid on the goods, wares and merchandise herein enu- 
 merated and provided for, imported from foreign countries, the following rates 
 of duty — that is to say : 
 
 On goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule A, a duty of one 
 hundred per centum ad valorem. 
 
 On goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule B, a duty oi forty 
 per cent. 
 
 On goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule C, a duty of thirty 
 per centum ad valorem. 
 
 On goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule D, a duty of twenty- 
 Jive per centum ad valorem. 
 
 On goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule E, a duty of twenty 
 per centum ad valorem. 
 
 On goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule F, a duty oi fifteen 
 per centum ad valorem. 
 
 On good, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule G, a duty of ten 
 per centum ad valorem. 
 
 On goods, wai-es and merchandise mentioned in Schedule H, adutyof^ue 
 per centum ad valorem. 
 
 Sec. 2. And be it further enacted. That from and after the first day of Decem- 
 ber next, the goods, wares and merchandise mentioned in Schedule I shall be 
 exempt from duty. 
 
 Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That from and after the first day of De- 
 cember next, there shall be levied, collected and paid on all goods, wares and 
 merchandise imported from foreign countries, and not specially provided for in 
 this act, a duty of twenty per centum ad valorem. 
 
 Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, Taa.\, in all cases in which the invoice or 
 entry shall not contain the weight or quantity, or measure of goods, wares or 
 merchandise now weighed or measured or gauged, the same shall be weighed, 
 gauged or measured at the expense of the owner or consignee. 
 
 Sec. 5. And be it further enacted, That from and after the first day of Decem- 
 ber next, in lieu of the bounty heretofore authorized by law to be paid on the 
 
xliv TJ. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 exportation o\ pickled fish of the fisheries of the United States, there shall be 
 allowed, on the exportation thereof, if cured with foreign salt, a drawback 
 equal in amount to the duty paid on the salt, and no more, to be ascertained 
 under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 Sec. 6. And be it further enacted, That all goods, wares and merchandise im- 
 ported after the passage of this act, and which may be in the public stores on 
 the second day of December next, shall be subject to no other duty upon the 
 entry thei-eof than if the same were imported respectively after that day. 
 
 Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That the twelfth section of the act entitled 
 "An act to provide revenue from imports, and to change and modify existing 
 laws imposing duties on imports, and for other purposes," approved August 
 thirty, eighteen hundred and forty-two, shall be, and the same is hereby so far 
 modified, that all goods imported from this side the Cape of Good Hope or 
 Cape Horn may remain in the public stores for the space of one year, instead 
 of the term of sixty days prescribed in the said section ; and that all goods 
 imported from beyond the Cape of Good Hope or Cape Horn may remain in 
 the public stores one year, instead of the term of ninety days prescribed in the 
 said section. 
 
 Sec. 8. And be it further enacted, That it shall be lawful for the owner, con- 
 signee or agent of imports which have been actually purchased, on entry of 
 the same, to make such addition in the entry to the cost or value given in the 
 invoice, as in his opinion may raise the same to the true market value of such 
 imports in the principal markets of the country whence the importation shall 
 have been made, or in which the goods imported shall have been originally 
 manufactured or produced, as the case may be ; and to add thereto all costs and 
 charges which, under existing laws, would form part of the true value at the 
 port where the same may be entered, upon which the duties should be assessed. 
 And it shall be the duty of the collector within whose district the same may 
 be imported or entered, to cause the dutiable value of such imports to be ap- 
 praised, estimated and ascertained, in accordance with the provisions of exist- 
 ing laws ; and if the appraised value thereof shall exceed by ten per centum or 
 more the value so declared on the entry, then, in addition to the duties imposed 
 by law on the same, there shall be levied, collected and paid a duty of twenty 
 per centum ad valorem on such appraised value. Provided, nevertheless. That 
 under no circumstances shall the duty be assessed upon an amount less than 
 the invoice value ; any law of Congress to the contrary notwithstanding. 
 
 Sec. 10. And be it further enacted, That the deputies of any collector, naval 
 officer or surveyor, and the clerks employed by any collectoi*, naval officer, 
 surveyor or appraiser, who are not by existing laws required to be sworn, shall, 
 before entering upon their respective duties, or, if already employed, before 
 continuing in the discharge thereof, take and subscribe an oath or affirmation 
 faithfully and diligently to perform such duties, and to use their best endeavors 
 to prevent and detect frauds upon the revenue of the United States ; which 
 oath or affirmation shall be administered by the collector of the port or dis- 
 trict where the said deputies or clerks may be employed, and shall be of a form 
 to be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 Sec. 11. And be it further enacted, Tliat no officer or other person connected 
 with the navy of the United States, shall, under any pretence, import in any 
 
TJ. S. Tarifs of 1846 and 1857. xlv 
 
 Bhip or vessel of the United States, any goods, wares or merchandise liable to 
 the payment of any duty. 
 
 Seo. 12. And be it further enacted, That all acts and parts of acts repugnant 
 to the provisions of this act be, and the same are hereby repealed. 
 
 SCHEDULE A. [100 ptr cent.'] 
 
 Brandy and other spirits distilled from grain, or other materials ; cordials, 
 absj-nthe, arrack, curacoa, kirschenwasser, liqueurs, marashino, ratafia, and all 
 other spiritual beverages of a similar character. 
 
 SCHEDULE B. [40 per cent.] 
 
 Alabaster and spar ornaments ; almonds ; anchovies, sardines, and all other 
 fish preserved in oil ; camphor refined ; cassia ; cloves ; composition tops for 
 tables, or other articles of furniture ; comfits, sweetmeats, or fruit preserved 
 in sugar, ^brandy or molasses; currants; dates; figs; ginger root, dried or 
 green ; glass cut ; mace ; manufactures of cedar wood, granadilla, ebony, ma- 
 hoganj', rosewood and satin wood ; nutmegs ; pimento ; prepared vegetables, 
 meats, poultry and game sealed or enclosed in cases, or otherwise ; prunes ; 
 raisins; scagliola tops for tables, or other articles of furniture; segars, snufi\, 
 paper segars, and all other manufactures of tobacco ; wines, Burgundy, cham- 
 pagne, claret, Madeira, port, sherry, and all other wines and imitations of wines. 
 
 SCHEDULE C. [30 per cent.] 
 
 Argentine, alabatta.'or German silver, manufactured or unmanufactured; ale, 
 beer and porter in casks or bottles; articles embroidered with gold, silver or 
 other metal ; articles worn by men, women and children, of whatever material 
 composed, made up, or made wholly or in part by hand ; asses' skins ; balsams, 
 cosmetics, essences, extracts, pastes, perfumes and tinctures, used either for the 
 toilet or for medicinal purposes ; baskets and all other articles composed of 
 grass, osier, palm leaf, straw, whalebone or willow, not otherwise provided for ; 
 bay rum ; beads, of amber, composition or wax, and all other beads ; benzoates ; 
 Bologna sausages ; bracelets, braids, chains, curls or ringlets, composed of hair, 
 or of which hair is a component part ; braces, suspenders, webbing or other 
 fabrics, composed wholly or in part of India rubber, not otherwise provided 
 for ; brooms and brushes of all kinds ; cameos, real and imitation, and mosaics, 
 real and imitation, when set in gold, silver or other metal ; canes and sticks for 
 walking, finished or unfinished; capers, pickles and sauces of all kinds, not 
 otherwise provided for; corks; earthen, China and stone ware, and all other 
 wares composed of earthy and mineral substances, not otherwise provided for ; 
 fire crackers; flats, braids, plaits, sparteere and willow squares, used for mak- 
 ing hats or bonnets; glass tumblers, plain, moulded or pressed, not cut or 
 printed ; hats and bonnets for men, women and children, composed of straw, 
 satin straw, chip grass, palm leaf, willow, or any other vegetable substance, or 
 of hair, whalebone or other material, not otherwise provided for ; caps, hats, 
 muffs and tippets of fur, and all other manufactures of fur, or of which fur 
 shall bs a component material ; caps, gloves, leggins, mitts, socks, stockings, 
 wove shirts and drawers, and all similar articles made on frames, worn by men, 
 women or children, and not otherwise pro\ided for; card cases, pocket books, 
 shell boxes, souvenirs, and all similar articles, of whatever material composed'; 
 
xlvi TJ. S. Tariffs o/1846 and 1857. 
 
 carpets, carpeting, hearth-rugs, bedsides, and other portions of carpeting, being 
 either of Aubusson, Brussels, ingrain, Saxony, Turkey, Venetian, Wilton or 
 any other similar fabric; carriages and parts of carriages; Cayenne pepper ; 
 cheese; cinnamon; clocks and parts of clocks ; clothing, ready made, and 
 wearing apparel of every description, of -whatever material, composed, made 
 up or manufactured wholly or in part by the tailor, sempstress or manufacturer; 
 coach and harness furniture of all kinds ; coal ; coke and culm of coal ; combs of 
 all kinds ; compositions of glass or paste, when set ; confectionery of all kinds, 
 not otherwise provided for ; coi'al, cut or manufactured ; cotton cords, gimps 
 and galloons; court plaster; crayons of all kinds; cutlery of all kinds; dia- 
 monds, gems, pearls, rubies and other precious stones, and imitations of pre- 
 cious stones, when set in gold, silver or other metal ; dolls and toys of all kinds ; 
 epaulets, galloons, laces, knots, stars, tassels, tresses and wings of gold, silver 
 or other metal; fans and fire screens of every description, of whatever material 
 composed ; feathers and flowers, artificial or ornamental, and parts thereof, of 
 whatever material composed , frames and sticks for umbrellas, parasols and 
 sunshades, finished or unfinished ; furniture, cabinet and household ; ginger, 
 ground ; grapes ; gum benzoin or benjamin ; hair pencils ; hat bodies of cotton ; 
 hemp, unmanufactured ; honey ; human hair, cleansed or prepared for use ; 
 ink and ink powder ; iron, in bars, blooms, bolts, loops, pigs, rods, slabs or other 
 form, not otherwise provided for ; castings of iron ; old or scrap iron ; vessels 
 of cast iron ; japanned ware of all kinds, not otherwise provided for; jewelry, 
 real or imitation; jet and manufactures of jet, and imitations thereof; lead 
 pencils; raaccaroni, vermicelli, gelatine, jellies, and all similar preparations; 
 manufactures of the bark of the cork tree, except corks ; manufactures of bone, 
 shell, horn, pearl, ivory or vegetable ivory ; manufactures, articles, vessels, and 
 wares, not otherwise provided for, of brass, copper, gold, iron, lead, pewter, 
 platina, silver, tin or other metal, or of which either of those metals or any 
 other metal shall be^^the component material of chief value ; manufactures of 
 cotton, linen, silk, wool or worsted, if embroidered or tamboured in the loom 
 or otherwise, by machinery, or with the needle, or other process ; manufactures, 
 articles, vessels and wares of glass, or of which glass shall be a component ma- 
 terial, not otherwise provided for ; colored, stained or painted glass ; glass 
 crystals for watches ; glasses or pebbles for spectacles ; paintings on glass ; por- 
 celain glacs; manufactures and articles of leather, or of which leather shall be 
 a component part, not otherwise provided for; manufactures and articles of 
 marble, marble paving tiles, and all other marble more advanced in manufac- 
 ture than in slabs or blocks in the rough ; manufactuj:es of paper, or of which 
 paper is a component material, not otherwise providedjfor; manufactures, arti- 
 cles and wares of papier mache ; manufactures of wood, or of which wood is a 
 component part, not otherwise provided for ; manufactures of Wool, or of which 
 wool shall be the component material of chief value, not otherwise provided 
 for; medicinal preparations, not otherwise provided for; metallic pens; min- 
 eral waters; molasses; muskets, rifles and other fire arms; nuts, not otherwise 
 provided for; oil cloth of every description, of whatever-material composed; 
 ochres and ochry earths used in the composition of painters' colors, whether 
 dry or ground in oil ; oils, volatile, essential or expre^^ed, and not otherwise 
 provided for • olive oil, in casks other than salad oil ; olive salad oil, and all 
 
U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. xlvii 
 
 other olive oil, not otherwise provided for; olives; paper, antiquarian, demy, 
 drawing, elephant, foolscap, imperial, letter and all other paper not otherwise 
 provided for ; paper boxes, and all other fancy boxes ; paper envelopes ; para- 
 sols and sunshades; parchment; pepper; plated and gilt ware of all kinds; 
 plaj'ing cards ; plums ; potatoes ; red chalk pencils ; saddlery of all kinds, not 
 otherwise provided for ; salmon, preserved ; sewing silk, in the gum or purified ; 
 shoes composed wholly of India rubber; sealing wax; silk twist and twist 
 composed of silk and mohair; side-arms of every description; silver-plated 
 metal, in sheets or other form ; soap, Castile, perfumed, Windsor, and all other 
 kinds; sugar of all kinds; tobacco, unmanufactured ; syrup of sugar; twines 
 and pack thread, of whatever material composed ; umbrellas; vellum ; vinegar ; 
 wafers ; water colors ; fire-wood, and wood unmanufactured, not otherwise 
 provided for; wool, unmanufactured. 
 
 SCHEDULE D. [25 per cent-l 
 
 Buttons and button moulds of all kinds ; borax or tinctal ; Burgundy pitch ; 
 calomel, and all other mercurial preparations ; camphor, crude ; feather beds, 
 feathers for beds, and downs of all kinds; floss silks ; grass cloth ; hair cloth, 
 hair seating, and all other manufactures of hair not otherwise provided for ; 
 jute. Sisal grass, coir and other vegetable substances unmanufactured, not 
 otherwise provided for; baizes, bockings, flannels and floor-cloths, of whatever 
 material composed, not otherwise provided for ; cables and cordage, tai'red or 
 untarred ; cotton laces, cotton insertings, cotton trimming laces, cotton laces 
 and braids ; manufactures composed wholly of cotton, not otherwise provided 
 for; manufactures of goats' hair or mohair, or of which goats' hair or mohair 
 shall be a component material, not otherwise provided for; matting, Chinese 
 and other floor matting, and mats made of flags, jute or grass ; manufactures of 
 silk, or of which silk shall be a component material, not otherwise provided 
 for ; manufactures of worsted, or of which worsted shall be a component ma- 
 terial, not otherwise provided for ; roofing slates ; slates, other than roofing 
 slates ; woollen and worsted yarn. 
 
 SCHEDULE E. [20 per cent.] 
 Acids, acetic, acetous benzoic, boracic, chromic, citric, muriatic, white and 
 j-ellow, nitric, pyroligneous and tartaric, and all other acids of every descrip- 
 tion, used for chemical or medicinal purposes, or for manufacturing, or in the 
 fine arts, not otherwise provided for; aloes; Angora, Thibet and other goats' 
 hair or mohair unmanufactured; cedar wood, ebony, granadilla, mahogany, 
 rosewood and satiuwood, unmanufactured ; cream of.tartar ; extract of indigo ; 
 extracts and decoctions of logwood and other dye-woods, not otherwise pro- 
 vided for; extracts of madder; flaxseed; green turtle; gunny cloth ; alum; 
 amber ; ambergris ; anise seed ; animal carbon ; antimony ; crude and regains 
 of; arrowroot; articles, not in a ci'ude state, used in dyeing or tanning, not 
 otherwise provided for ; assafoetida; bacon; bananas; barley; beef; beeswax; 
 berries, vegetables, flowers and barks, not otherwise provided for ; bismuth ; 
 bitter apples ; blankets of all kinds ; blank books, bound or unbound ; blue or 
 Roman vitriol, or sulphate of copper ; boards, planks, staves, lath, scantling, 
 spars, hewn and sawed timber, and timber to be used in building wharves; 
 bronze liquor ; iron liquor ; lac spirits ; manna ; marble in the rough, slab or 
 
xlviii U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 block, unmanufactured; Dutch and bronze metal in leaf; needles of all kinds 
 for sewing, darning or knitting ; ozier or -willow prepared for basket-makers' 
 use; paving stones ; paving and roofing tiles and bricks ; boucho leaves; brec- 
 cia; bronze powder ; butter; cadmium; calamine; cantharides; caps, gloves, 
 leggins, mitts, socks, stockings, wove shirts and drawers, made on frames, com- 
 posed wholly of cotton, worn by men, women and children ; cassia buds ; castor 
 oil ; castorum ; chocolate ; chromate of lead ; chromate, bichromate, hydriodate 
 and prussiate of potash ; cobalt ; cocoa nuts ; cocculus indicus ; copperas or 
 green vitriol, or sulphate of iron ; copper rods, bolts, nails and spikes ; copper 
 bottoms ; plaster of Paris when ground ; quicksilver ; saffron and saffron cake ; 
 seppia ; steel, all than otherwise provided for ; copper in sheets or plates, 
 called braziers' copper, and other sheets of copper, not otherwise provided for ; 
 cubebs ; dried pulp ; emery ; ether ; felspar ; fig blue ; fish, foreign, whether 
 fresh, smoked, salted, dried or pickled, not otherwise provided for; fish glue or 
 isinglass; fish skins ; flour of sulphur ; Frankfort black; French chalk; fruit, 
 green or ripe, not otherwise provided for ; fulminates or fulminating powders ; 
 furs dressed on the skin ; gamboge ; glue ; gunpowder; hair, curled, moss, sea- 
 weed, and all other vegetable substances used for beds or mattresses ; hams ; 
 hats of wool ; hat bodies, made of wool, or of which wool shall be a compo- 
 nent material of chief value ; hatters' plush, composed of silk and cotton, but 
 of which cotton is the component material of chief value ; hemp seed or lin- 
 seed, and rapeseed oil, and all other oils used in painting ; Indian corn and corn 
 meal; ipecacuanha; iridium; iris or orris root; ivory or bone black ; jalap ; 
 juniper berries; lac sulphur; lamp black; lard; leather, tanned, bend or 
 6ole; leather, upper, of all kinds; lead, in pigs, bars or sheets; leaden pipes; 
 leaden shot; leeches; linens of all kinds; liquorice paste, juice or root; 
 litharge; malt; manganese; manufactures of flax, not otherwise provided for; 
 manufactures of hemp, not otherwise provided for; marine coral, unmanufac- 
 tured ; medicinal drugs, roots and leaves, in a crude state, not otherwise provid- 
 ed for ; metals, unmanufactured, not otherwise provided for ; mineral and bitu- 
 minous substances in a crude state, not otherwise provided for ; musical instru- 
 ments of all kinds, and strings for musical instruments of Avhip gut or catgut, 
 and all other strings of the same material; nitrate of lead ; oats and oatmeal; 
 oils, neatsfoot and other animal oil, spermaceti, whale and other fish oil, the 
 produce of foreign fisheries; opium; oranges, lemons and limes; orange and 
 lemon peel ; patent mordant ; paints, dry or ground in oil, not otherwise pro- 
 vided for ; paper hangings and paper for screens or fireboards ; pearl or hulled 
 barley ; periodicals and other works in the course of printing and republication 
 in the United States; pine apples; pitch; plantains ; plumbago; pork; potas- 
 sium; Prussian blue; pumpkins; putty; quills; red chalk; rhubarb; rice or 
 paddy; roll brimstone; Roman cement; rye and rye flour; saddlery, common, 
 tinned or japanned; sago; sal soda, and all carbonates of soda, by whatever 
 names designated, not otherwise provided for ; salts, Epsom, glauber, Rochelle 
 and all other salts and preparations of salts, not otherwise provided for; sarsa- 
 parilla; shaddocks; sheathing paper ; skins, tanned and dressed of all kinds; 
 skins of all kinds, not otherwise provided for; slate pencils; smalts; sperma- 
 ceti candles and taper? ; spirits of turpentine ; sponges ; spunk ; squills ; starch; 
 stearine candles and tapers; stereotype plates; still bottoms; sulphate of 
 
U. IS. Tariffs of lSi6 and 1857. xlix 
 
 barytes, crude or refined ; sulphate of quinine; tallow candles; tapioca; tar; 
 thread laces and insertings; tj-pe metal ; t3-pe9, new or old ; vanilla beans; 
 verdigris ; velvet, in the piece, composed wholly of cotton ; velvet, in the 
 piece, composed of cotton and silk, but of which cotton is the component ma- 
 terial of chief value ; Vermillion ; wax candles and tapers ; whalebone, the pro- 
 duce of foreign fisheries ; wheat and wheat flour ; white and red lead ; whit- 
 ing, or Paris white ; white vitriol, or sulphate of zinc ; window glass, broad, 
 CTOwn or cylinder ; woollen listings ; yams. 
 
 SCHEDULE F. [15 per cent.l 
 Arsenic bark, Peruvian; bark Quilla; Brazil paste; brimstone, crude, iu 
 bulk ; cork tree bark, unmanufactured ; codilla, or tow of hemp or flax ; dia- 
 monds, glaziers', set or not set ; dragons' blood ; flax, unmanufactured; gold and 
 silver leaf; mineral kermes ; silk, raw, not more advanced in manufacture than 
 singles tram and thrown or organzine ; terne tin plates ; tin foil ; tin in plates 
 or sheets ; tin plates galvanized, not otherwise provided for ; steel in bars, cast, 
 shear or German; zinc, spelter or teutenegue in sheets. 
 
 SCHEDULE G. [10 per cent.^ 
 Ammonia; anatto, rancon or Orleans; barilla; books, printed, magazines, 
 pamphlets, periodicals and illustrated newspapers, bound or unbound, not 
 otherwise provided for; bleaching powders or chloride of lime; building 
 stones ; burr stones, wrought or uuwrought ; cameos and mosaics, and imita- 
 tions thereof, not set; chronometers, box or ships', and parts thereof ; cocoa; 
 cochineal; cocoa shells ; compositions of glass or paste, not set ; cudbear; dia- 
 monds, gems, pearls, rubies and other precious stones, and imitations thereof, 
 when not set ; engravings or plates, bound or unbound ; hemp seed ; linseed 
 and rapeseed ; fullers' earth ; furs, hatters', dressed or imdressed, not on the 
 skin ; furs, undressed, when on the skin ; goldbeaters' skins ; gum Arabic ; 
 gum Senegal ; gum Tragacanth ; gum Barbary ; gum East India ; gum Jedda ; 
 gum substitute or burnt starch ; indigo ; kelp ; natron ; terra japonica or 
 catechu; hair of all kinds, uncleaned and unmanufactured; India rubber, in 
 bottles, slabs or sheets, unmanufactured ; lemon and lime juice; lime; maps 
 and charts; music and music paper, with lines, bound or unbound; nux vomi- 
 ca ; oils, palm and cocoa nut ; orpiment ; palm leaf, unmanufactured ; polishing 
 stones; pumice and pumice stone; rattans and reeds, unmanufactured ; rotton 
 stone ; sal ammonia ; saltpetre, (or nitrate of soda or potash,) refined or par- 
 tially refined ; soda-ash; sulphuric acid or oil of vitriol; tallow, marrow, and 
 ' all other grease and soap stocks and soap stuffs, not otherwise provided for; 
 watches and parts of watches; watch materials of all kinds, not otherwise pro- 
 vided for ; woad or pastel. 
 
 SCHEDULE H. [5 per 06711.1 
 Alcornoque, argol or crude tartar ; bells, when old, or bell metal, fit only to 
 be remanufactured ; brass, in pigs or bars ; Brazil wood, and all other dye- 
 woods in sticks ; brass, when old, and fit only to be remanufactured ; bristles; 
 cfcalk, not otherwise provided for ; clay, unwrought ; copper, in pigs or bars ; 
 copper, when old, and fit only to be remanufactured ; flints ; grindstones, 
 wrought or unwrought; berries, nuts, and vegetables used exclusivel}' in dye- 
 ing or in composing d^'es ; but no article shall be classed as such that has un- 
 
1 U. S. Tariffs of 1846 and 1857. 
 
 dergone any manufacture ; ivory, unmanufactured ; ivory nuta or vegetable 
 ivory; madder root; nutgalls ; pearl, mother of ; lastings, suitable for shoes, 
 boots, bootees or buttons, exclusively ; manufactures of mohair cloth, silk twist or 
 other manufactures of cloth, suitable for the manufacture of shoes, boots, bootees 
 or buttons, exclusively ; horns, horn-tips, bones, bone tips and teeth, unmanufac- 
 tured ; kermes ; lac dye ; lac spirits ; madder, ground ; nickel ; pewter, when old, 
 >nd fit only to be remanufactured ; rags, of whatever material ; raw hides and 
 .ns of all kinds, whether dried, salted or pickled, not otherwise provided 
 ior ; safflower ; saltpetre, or nitrate of soda or potash, when crude ; seed lac • 
 shellac; sumac; tin in pigs, bars or blocks; tortoise and other shells unmanu 
 factured; tumeric; waste or shoddy; weld; zinc, spelter or teutenegue, un- 
 manufactured, not otherwise provided for. 
 
 SCHEDULE I. [Free.'] 
 
 Animals imported for breed ; bullion, gold and silver ; cabinets of coins, 
 medals, and other collections of antiquities; cofifee and tea, when imported 
 direct from the place of their growth or production, in American vessels, or in 
 foreign vessels entitled by recipi'ocal treaties to be exempt from discriminating 
 duties, tonnage and other charges ; coffee, the growth or production of the 
 possessions of the Netherlands, imported from the Netherlands in the same 
 manner; coins, gold, silver and copper; copper ore; copper, when imported 
 for the United States Mint ; cotton ; felt, adhesive, for sheathing ; garden seeds, 
 and all other seeds not otherwise provided for; goods, wares and merchandise, 
 the growth, produce or manufacture of the United States exported to a foreign 
 country, and brought back to the United States in the same condition as when 
 exported, upon which no drawback or bounty has been allowed : Provided, 
 That all the regulations to ascertain the identitj' thereof, prescribed by existing 
 laws, or which may be prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall be 
 complied with ; guano ; household effects, old and in use, of persons or families 
 from foreign countries, if used abroad by them, and not intended for any other 
 person or persons, or for sale ; junk, old ; models of inventions and other improve- 
 ments in the arts : Provided, That no article or articles shall be deemed a model 
 or improvement which can be fitted for use ; oakum ; oil, spermaceti, whale and 
 other fish, of American fisheries, and all other articles the produce of such fish- 
 eries ; paintings and statuary, the production of American artists residing 
 abroad, and all other paintings and statuary : Provided, The same be imported 
 in good faith as objects of taste, and not of merchandise ; personal household 
 eflects (not mercliandlse) of citizens of the United States dying abroad; plaster 
 of Paris, unground ; platina, unmanufactured ; sheathing copper ; but no cop- 
 per to be considered such, and admitted free, except in sheets forty-eight inches 
 long and fourteen inches wide, and weighing from fourteen to thirty-four ounces 
 the square foot; sheathing metal; specimens of natural history, mineralogy or 
 botany; trees, shrubs, bulbs, plants and roots, not otherwise provided for; 
 wearing apparel in actual use, and other personal effects, not merchandise ; pro- 
 fessional books, instruments, implements and tools of trade, occupation or em- 
 ployment, of persons arriving in the United States : Provided, That this ex- 
 emption shall not be construed to include machinery or other articles imported 
 for use in any manufacturing establishment, or for sale. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 The following important order has been issued from the Treasury Depart- 
 ment : 
 
 Treasury Department, March 17, 185Y. 
 
 Sir, — I have to advise you, for j-our information and government, that all 
 goods, wares or merchandise, which shall be in the public stores or bonded 
 warehovsen on the 1st day of July next, whether now in bond or bonded at any 
 time prior to that date, will be subject on entry for consumption after the said 
 1st of July, under the provisions of the act reducing the duties on imports, &c., 
 approved 3d iiist., to no other duty than if the same had been imported after 
 that day : but tliat goods, wares or merchandise, now in bond or hereafter 
 bonded, if entered for consumption ^rior to the said 1st of July, will be liable 
 to the payment of the rates of duty imposed by the tariff act of 30th January, 
 1846. Your obedient servant, 
 
 Howell Corb, Sec. of the Treasury. 
 H. J. Redfield, Esq., Collector, <fcc.. New York. 
 
 A statement has been furnished showing the changes from one rate of duty 
 to another, as made by the tariff act of the present year, when applied to the 
 importations of the year ending 30th June, 1856. It is as follows: 
 
 Value. Bate, act of IdlZ. Rate, act o/lS5T. 
 
 $4,552 from 40 percent, to 15 per cent. 
 
 25,232 
 
 ii 
 
 30 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 15 
 
 277,310 
 
 (< 
 
 40 
 
 It 
 
 tt 
 
 8 
 
 321,359 
 
 it 
 
 30 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 8 
 
 12,652 
 
 ti 
 
 25 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 8 
 
 440,028 
 
 <f 
 
 20 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 8 
 
 697,929 
 
 a 
 
 15 
 
 ti 
 
 tt 
 
 8 
 
 153,276 
 
 n 
 
 25 
 
 tt 
 
 it 
 
 4 
 
 2,205,360 
 
 ti 
 
 20 
 
 tt 
 
 ft 
 
 4 
 
 179,170 
 
 tt 
 
 15 
 
 tt 
 
 tt 
 
 4 
 
 8,395,313 
 
 It 
 
 10 
 
 tt 
 
 ft 
 
 4 
 
 1,665,930 
 
 it 
 
 30 
 
 <( 
 
 
 free. 
 
 70,146 
 
 tt 
 
 25 
 
 (( 
 
 
 
 153,729 
 
 tt 
 
 20 
 
 it 
 
 
 
 1,546,715 
 
 tt 
 
 15 
 
 tt 
 
 
 
 190,778 
 
 tt 
 
 10 
 
 St 
 
 
 
 6,929,471 
 
 tt 
 
 5 
 
 tt 
 
 
 
lii Ajypendix. 
 
 The loss of revenue by additions to the free list is $1,145,615 90 
 
 Loss of revenue by transfers to Schedule H., or 4 per cent 775,535 67 
 
 Loss of revenue by transfers to Schedule G., or 8 per cent 263,247 41 
 
 Loss of revenue by transfers to Schedule E., or 15 per cent 4,922 80 
 
 Subjoined is a statement exhibiting the revenue which the importations into 
 the United States, in the year ending SOth June, 1856, would produce under 
 the tariffact of 1857:* 
 
 Sclied. Value of imports. Rate of duty. Amount of duties. 
 
 A $4,001,575 30 per cent $1,200,472 50 
 
 B 8,662,188 30 " 2,598,656 40 
 
 C 94,159,249 24 " 22,598,219 76 
 
 D 71,074,265 19 " 13,504,110 35 
 
 E 35,288,897 15 " 5,293,334 55 
 
 F 5,892,347 12 " 707,081 24 
 
 G 6,160,422 8 " 492,833 76 
 
 H 8,553,050 4 " 942,122 00 
 
 $248,791,993 $47,336,830 56 
 
 * This includes an approximation to all the changes made by the new tariff, exeept bleached, 
 pnnted, painted and dyed manufactures of cotton, and of delaines transferred from Schedule D. 
 to C, (or 15 to 24 per cent.,) and of japanned leather or skius, transferred from Schedule E. to D., 
 (or 20 to 19.) These changes, raising from a lower to a higher schedule, would increase the 
 aggregate above given, equal to the difference made by the transfer, and in proportion to the 
 amount of such importations, which are not returned in such a manner aa to be separated from 
 other similar goods. 
 
AN 
 
 HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL ACCOUNT 
 
 OP THB 
 
 FOEEIGN COMMERCE 
 
 OF THK 
 
 UNITED STATES, 
 
 BHOWnJQ THE FOREIGN COMMERCE OF EACH STATE, WITH THE AGGREGATE IMPORTS 
 
 FROM, AND EXPORTS TO, EACH FOREIGN NATION, FROM THE YEAR 1820 TO 
 
 THE YEAR 1856, AND THE FOREIGN COMSIERCE OF THE UNITED STATES 
 
 WITH EVERY IMPORTANT MARITIME COUNTRY IN THE WORLD 
 
 DURING THE SAME PERIOD; INCLUDING A REVIEW OF 
 
 THE PROGRESS OF AMERICAN COMMERCE, AND A 
 
 PRELIMINARY SKETCH OF THE TRADE OP 
 
 THE AMERICAN COLONIES. 
 
 COMPILED BY 
 
 J. SMITH ROMANS, Junior. 
 
 NEW YORK: 
 
 PUBLISHED BY G. P. PUTNAM & CO., 321 BROADWAY. 
 J. SMITH HOMANS, JUNIOR, 162 PEARL STREET. 
 
 1857. 
 
Massaehusetts. 
 
 15 
 
 FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS, 
 Prom October 1, 1820, to July 1, 1856. 
 
 Years 
 
 
 EXPORTS. 
 
 
 IMPORTS. 
 
 TONNAGE CL'D. 
 
 EJTDINQ 
 
 Sept. 
 30. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Domestic. 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Amekican. 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 1821 
 
 $3,638,597 
 
 $8,846,174 
 
 $12,484,771 
 
 $14,826,732 
 
 129,741 
 
 1,170 
 
 1822 
 
 4,072,166 
 
 8,526,359 
 
 12,598,525 
 
 18,337,320 
 
 135,834 
 
 5,297 
 
 1823 
 
 3,944,935 
 
 9,738,254 
 
 13,683,239 
 
 17,607,160 
 
 135,040 
 
 8,785 
 
 1824 
 
 4,038,972 
 
 6,395,356 
 
 10,4:34,328 
 
 15,378,758 
 
 134,952 
 
 4,667 
 
 1825 
 
 4,262,104 
 
 7,170,883 
 
 11,432,987 
 
 15,845,141 
 
 145,972 
 
 4,943 
 
 1826 
 
 3,888,138 
 
 6,210,724 
 
 10,098,862 
 
 17,068,482 
 
 139,746 
 
 4,519 
 
 1827 
 
 3,820,349 
 
 6,604,034 
 
 10,424,383 
 
 13,370,564 
 
 130,056 
 
 3,951 
 
 1828 
 
 4,096,025 
 
 4,929,760 
 
 9,025,785 
 
 1.5,070,444 
 
 138,999 
 
 4,819 
 
 1829 
 
 8,949,751 
 
 4.305,186 
 
 8,254,937 
 
 12,520,744 
 
 140,187 
 
 8,835 
 
 1830 
 Total, 
 
 3,599,952 
 
 3,613,242 
 
 7,213,194 
 
 10,45:3,544 
 
 148,124 
 
 5,176 
 
 $39,311,039 
 
 66,339,972 
 
 105,651,011 
 
 150,473,889 
 
 1,378,651 
 
 47,162 
 
 1831 
 
 4,027,201 
 
 3.706,562 
 
 7,733,763 
 
 14,269,056 
 
 157,530 
 
 7,483 
 
 1S32 
 
 4,656,635 
 
 7,337,133 
 
 11,993,763 
 
 18,118,900 
 
 204,239 
 
 25,676 
 
 1833 
 
 5,150,584 
 
 4,532,538 
 
 9,683,122 
 
 19,940,911 
 
 201,097 
 
 31,785 
 
 1834 
 
 4,672,746 
 
 5,476.074 
 
 10,148,820 
 
 17,672,129 
 
 183,631 
 
 81,299 
 
 1835 
 
 5,564,499 
 
 4,479,291 
 
 10,04:3,790 
 
 19,800,373 
 
 210,021 
 
 38,167 
 
 1836 
 
 5,no.l96 
 
 5,267,150 
 
 10,380,346 
 
 25,681,462 
 
 219,057 
 
 65,648 
 
 183T 
 
 4,871,901 
 
 4,856,289 
 
 9,728,190 
 
 19,984,668 
 
 188,:321 
 
 59,559 
 
 1838 
 
 6,158,529 
 
 2,946,333 
 
 9,104,862 
 
 13,3(Xi.925 
 
 231,386 
 
 38,995 
 
 1839 
 
 5,526,4.55 
 
 3,749,630 
 
 9,276,085 
 
 19,385,22:3 
 
 193,378 
 
 45,069 
 
 1840 
 Total, 
 
 6,268,158 
 
 3,918,108 
 
 10,186,261 
 
 16,513,858 
 
 187,995 
 
 58,765 
 
 $52,009,904 
 
 46,269,103 
 
 98,279,007 
 
 184,667,505 
 
 1,976,655 
 
 892,446 
 
 1841 
 
 7,897,692 
 
 4,089,651 
 
 11,487,343 
 
 20,318,003 
 
 236,376 
 
 73,628 
 
 1842 
 
 6,719,115 
 
 3,087,995 
 
 9,807,110 
 
 17,986,43:3 
 
 212,291 
 
 86,848 
 
 1843* 
 
 4,4;i0,6Sl 
 
 1,974,526 
 
 6,405,207 
 
 16,789,452 
 
 188,295 
 
 49,253 
 
 1844 
 
 6,371,836 
 
 2,724,450 
 
 9,096,236 
 
 20,296,007 
 
 229,281 
 
 105,118 
 
 1845 
 
 7,756,396 
 
 2,5'.14,634 
 
 10,351,030 
 
 22,781,024 
 
 231,096 
 
 122,212 
 
 1846 
 
 7,837,015 
 
 2,476,1113 
 
 10,318,118 
 
 24,190,963 
 
 237,384 
 
 137,117 
 
 1847 
 
 9,262,777 
 
 1,985,685 
 
 11,248,462 
 
 34,477,008 
 
 235,800 
 
 1.32,634 
 
 1848 
 
 9,308,337 
 
 4,111,362 
 
 18,419,699 
 
 28,647,707 
 
 296,883 
 
 192,787 
 
 1849 
 
 8,174,667 
 
 2,090,195 
 
 10,264,862 
 
 24,746,917 
 
 280,187 
 
 244,067 
 
 1850 
 Total, 
 
 8,253,473 
 
 2,428,290 
 
 10,681,763 
 
 30,374,684 
 
 272,278 
 
 274,674 
 
 $75,511,989 
 
 27,562,891 
 
 103,074,880 
 
 240,607,198 
 
 2,869,871 
 
 1,418,383 
 
 1S51 
 
 9,857,537 
 
 2,495,145 
 
 12,3.52,682 
 
 32,715,327 
 
 279,863 
 
 846.937 
 
 1852 
 
 14,144,001 
 
 2,402,498 
 
 16,546,499 
 
 3:3,504,789 
 
 308,5:39 
 
 348,974 
 
 1853 
 
 16,895,304 
 
 3,059,972 
 
 19,955,276 
 
 41,367,956 
 
 337,805 
 
 879,023 
 
 1854 
 
 17,895,733 
 
 3,542,766 
 
 21,438,504 
 
 48,563,788 
 
 862,615 
 
 375,391 
 
 1865 
 
 24,412,923 
 
 3,778,002 
 
 28,190,925 
 
 45,113,774 
 
 432,634 
 
 380,850 
 
 1856 
 
 26,355,613 
 
 3,467,247 
 
 29,822,860 
 
 43,814,884 
 
 414,358 
 
 372,213 
 
 * 9 months to June 30, and the fiscal year from this time begins July 1. 
 
 PRINCIPAL PORTS. 
 
 Boston, in Massachusetts, U. S., lat. 42° 23' N., long. 11° 4' W. The city Is 
 situated at the head of a deep bay, on a peninsula, being surrounded on three sides by 
 water. Generally there is sufficient depth of water to enable the largest ships to 
 come up to the city at all times of the tide; and they usually moor alongside of 
 docks where there is perfect safety. The depth of water in the channel, varies from 
 fifteen to thirty feet. It Ls the great center of the commerce of New England, and 
 in this capacity receives and distributes one fifth of the whole commercial material 
 of the United States. The tonnage of Boston, in 1856, was 521,117 tons. 
 
 Salem, city and port of entry, Mass. It is cliicfly built on a tongue of land 
 formed by two inlets from the sea, called North and South rivers ; over the former 
 axe two bridges (one of which is crossed by the railroad), connecting it with Beverly. 
 The harbor has good anchorage ground, but vessels drawing more than twelve or 
 fourteen feet of water must be partially unloaded before they can come to its 
 wharves. The tonnage of Salem in 1856, was 29,970 tons. 
 
 Nantucket, Masa Tonnage in 1856, 16,857 tons. 
 
Neio York. 
 
 21 
 
 FOREIGN COALAEERCE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, 
 
 FiiOM October ], 1820, to July 1, 1856. 
 
 Years 
 
 ENDING 
 
 Sept. 
 80. 
 
 
 EXPORTS. 
 
 
 IMPORTS. 
 
 TONNAGE CL'D. 
 
 Domestic. 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Total. 
 
 American. 
 
 FOREIGIf. 
 
 1S21 
 
 $7,896,605 
 
 $.5,264,313 
 
 $13,160,913 
 
 $23,629,246 
 
 158,174 
 
 10,720 
 
 1S2-2 
 
 10,987,167 
 
 6,113,315 
 
 17,100,482 
 
 85,445,623 
 
 185,666 
 
 ■ 17,784 
 
 1823 
 
 11,362,995 
 
 7,675,995 
 
 19,038,990 
 
 29,42 1,;349 
 
 192,521 
 
 23,553 
 
 1824 
 
 13,523,654 
 
 9,368,480 
 
 22,897,134 
 
 36,113,723 
 
 222,271 
 
 18,142 
 
 1825 
 
 20,651,558 
 
 14,607,703 
 
 35,259,261 
 
 49.039,174 
 
 255,878 
 
 19,851 
 
 1828 
 
 11,496.719 
 
 10,451,072 
 
 21,947,791 
 
 38.115,630 
 
 214,664 
 
 21,365 
 
 1827 
 
 13,920,627 
 
 9,913,510 
 
 23,S;M,137 
 
 38,719,644 
 
 239,068 
 
 33,375 
 
 1823 
 
 12,363,015 
 
 10,415,634 
 
 22,777,649 
 
 41,927,792 
 
 217,113 
 
 42,373 
 
 1829 
 
 12,036,561 
 
 8,082,450 
 
 20,119,011 
 
 34,743,307 
 
 219,674 
 
 32,855 
 
 1830 
 Total, 
 
 13,618,273 
 
 6,079,705 
 
 19,697,983 
 
 35,624,070 
 
 229,341 
 
 36,574 
 
 $127,861,179 
 
 87,972,177 
 
 215,833,356 
 
 36;J,379,563 
 
 2,135,270 
 
 256,.592 
 
 1831 
 
 15,726,118 
 
 9,809,026 
 
 25.535,144 
 
 57,077,417 
 
 251,331 
 
 72,444 
 
 18.52 
 
 15,057.250 
 
 10,943,695 
 
 26,000,945 
 
 53,214,402 
 
 242,749 
 
 101,967 
 
 18.33 
 
 15,411,296 
 
 9,983,821 
 
 25,395,117 
 
 5.5,913,449 
 
 384,175 
 
 15'!,506 
 
 18:U 
 
 13,849,469 
 
 11,662,545 
 
 25,512,014 
 
 73,188,594 
 
 361,606 
 
 238,650 
 
 18;55 
 
 21,707,867 
 
 8,637,397 
 
 30,345,264 
 
 83,191,305 
 
 589,855 
 
 343,073 
 
 1836 
 
 19,816,520 
 
 9,104,118 
 
 28,920,633 
 
 118,253,416 
 
 477,524 
 
 855,591 
 
 1.837 
 
 16,08.3,969 
 
 11,254,450 
 
 27,338,419 
 
 79,301,722 
 
 433,003 
 
 404,784 
 
 1833 
 
 16,4;32,4.33 
 
 6,576,038 
 
 23,008,471 
 
 68,453,206 
 
 515,739 
 
 328,763 
 
 18:59 
 
 23,296,995 
 
 9,971,104 
 
 83,263,099 
 
 99,882,433 
 
 569,736 
 
 330,066 
 
 1840 
 Total, 
 
 22,676,609 
 
 11,587,471 
 
 34,264,030 
 
 60,440,750 
 
 518,202 
 
 343,114 
 
 $180,058,526 
 
 99,529,665 
 
 279,588,191 
 
 753,921,699 
 
 4,346,975 
 
 2,672,623 
 
 1841 
 
 24,279,603 
 
 8,860.225 
 
 83,139,8.33 
 
 75,713,426 
 
 600,307 
 
 365,241 
 
 1342 
 
 20,739,2^6 
 
 6,.8;37,492 
 
 27,576,773 
 
 57,875,604 
 
 556,989 
 
 340,520 
 
 1S43* 
 
 13,443,2:!4 
 
 8,319,430 
 
 16,762,664 
 
 31,356,540 
 
 381,281 
 
 174,374 
 
 1844 
 
 26,(»09,177 
 
 6,852,363 
 
 82,361,540 
 
 65,079,516 
 
 978,813 
 
 414,625 
 
 1345 
 
 25.929.904 
 
 10,245,394 
 
 36,175,298 
 
 70,909,085 
 
 926,280 
 
 414,688 
 
 1346 
 
 29,.W5,866 
 
 7,;i49,547 
 
 36,9;»,413 
 
 74,254,283 
 
 1,120,944 
 
 425,942 
 
 1847 
 
 44,816,480 
 
 5,027,833 
 
 49,844,363 
 
 84,167,352 
 
 1,040,340 
 
 488,755 
 
 1848 
 
 38,771.209 
 
 14,579,943 
 
 53,351,157 
 
 94,525,141 
 
 1,004,316 
 
 705.373 
 
 1349 
 
 36,738,215 
 
 9,224,835 
 
 45,963,100 
 
 92,567,369 
 
 1,358,643 
 
 784,514 
 
 1850 
 Total. 
 
 41,5112,800 
 
 11,209,939 
 
 52,712,789 
 
 111,123,524 
 
 1,411,557 
 
 737,539 
 
 $301,815,779 
 
 83,507,156 
 
 385,322,935 
 
 757,571,340 
 
 9,379,470 
 
 4,351,571 
 
 1851 
 
 68,104,542 
 
 17,902,477 
 
 86,007,019 
 
 141,.546,538 
 
 1,538,313 
 
 878,319 
 
 1352 
 
 74,042,581 
 
 13,441,875 
 
 87,484,456 
 
 132,329,306 
 
 1,570,927 
 
 90(!,793 
 
 1853 
 
 66,030,355 
 
 12,175.935 
 
 73,206,290 : 
 
 178,270.999 
 
 1,959.902 
 
 1,084,742 
 
 ISM 
 
 105,551,740 
 
 16,982,906 
 
 122,534,646 ; 
 
 195,427,933 
 
 1,918,317 
 
 1,035,154 
 
 1855 
 
 96,414,303 
 
 17,316,430 
 
 113,731,238 
 
 164,776,.511 
 
 1,861,682 
 
 1,140,197 
 
 1856 
 
 109,848,509 
 
 9,262,991 
 
 119,111,500 
 
 210,162,454 
 
 2,136,877 
 
 1,385,577 
 
 * 9 months to June 30, and the fiscal year from this time begins July 1. 
 
 PRINCIPAL PORT. 
 
 New York, State of New York, and first seaport in the U. S., in lat. 40° 42' N., 
 long. 74° 8' W., is situated on Manhattan Island, at the point of conlluence of the 
 Hudson and East rivers, the latter separating it from Long Island. New York 
 bay, or inner harbor, is one of the finest and most capacious in the world ; it is com- 
 pletely land-locked, and offers the very best anchorage. At the ebb tide there is 
 about 21 feet of water on the bar at Sandy Hook, and the water in the inner and 
 outer bays, and in the rivers, is deep enough to allow the largest class of vessel to 
 come up to the wharves. Ice rarely impedes navigation, as the great strength of tide 
 clears the bay twice a day. The city is about 20 miles from blue water. Besides 
 the entrance through the Narrow.?, there is one through Long Island Sound, which 
 gives a passage to Hurl Gate, witli water from 30 to 40 feet, and through Hurl 
 Gate for any ordinary vessel. Taking into consideration all the advantages, New 
 York harbor can not be surpassed anywhere in the world. The tonnage in New 
 York in 1856 was 1,328,036 tons, one fourth of the total tonnage of the United 
 States. 
 
Pennsylvania. 
 
 25 
 
 FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, 
 
 From October 1, 1820, to July 1, 1856. 
 
 Tears 
 
 
 EXPORTS. 
 
 
 IMPORTS. 
 
 TONNAGE CL'D. 
 
 ENDING 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sept. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 30. 
 
 Domestic. 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Total. 
 
 American. 
 
 FOREIGU. 
 
 1821 
 
 $2,832,387 
 
 $4,559,380 
 
 $7,391,767 
 
 $8,158,922 
 
 69,436 
 
 8,641 
 
 1822 
 
 3,575,147 
 
 5,472,655 
 
 9,047,802 
 
 11,874,170 
 
 70,846 
 
 6,745 
 
 1S23 
 
 3,139,809 
 
 6,477,383 
 
 9,617,192 
 
 13,696,770 
 
 75,630 
 
 5,293 
 
 1S24 
 
 3,182,694 
 
 6,182,199 
 
 9,364,893 
 
 11,865,531 
 
 76,631 
 
 6,635 
 
 1825 
 
 3,936,133 
 
 7,33:?,848 
 
 11,269,981 
 
 15,041-,797 
 
 82,435 
 
 2,385 
 
 1826 
 
 3,158,711 
 
 5,173,011 
 
 8,331,722 
 
 13,651,779 
 
 69,444 
 
 4,445 
 
 1827 
 
 8,391,296 
 
 4,184,537 
 
 7,5r5,S33 
 
 11,212,935 
 
 68,75:3 
 
 4,097 
 
 1S2S 
 
 3,116,001 
 
 2,935,479 
 
 6,051,480 
 
 12,884,408 
 
 61,819 
 
 6,880 
 
 1829 
 
 2,617,152 
 
 1,472,783 
 
 4,089,935 
 
 10,100,162 
 
 52,841 
 
 4,625 
 
 1830 
 Total, 
 
 2,924,452 
 
 1,367,341 
 
 4,291,793 
 
 8,702,122 
 
 63,022 
 
 4,870 
 
 $31,873,782 
 
 45,158,616 
 
 77,032,398 
 
 117,088,586 
 
 690,857 
 
 46,616 
 
 1831 
 
 8,594,302 
 
 1,919,411 
 
 5,513,713 
 
 12,124,083 
 
 65,149 
 
 7,596 
 
 1832 
 
 2,008,991 
 
 l,5u7,075 
 
 3,516,066 
 
 10,678,358 
 
 46,726 
 
 14,131 
 
 1833 
 
 2.671,300 
 
 1,407,651 
 
 4.078,951 
 
 10,451,250 
 
 49,109 
 
 22.378 
 
 1834 
 
 2,031,803 
 
 1,957,943 
 
 3,9.9,746 
 
 10,470,268 
 
 46,411 
 
 16,236 
 
 1.S35 
 
 2,416,099 
 
 1,323,176 
 
 3,739,275 
 
 12,389,937 
 
 57,088 
 
 10,935 
 
 1836 
 
 2,627,051 
 
 1,343,904 
 
 3,971,555 
 
 15,068,233 
 
 49,670 
 
 14,349 
 
 1837 
 
 2,565,712 
 
 1,275,887 
 
 3,841,599 
 
 11,680,111 
 
 45,185 
 
 18,284 
 
 1833 
 
 2,481,543 
 
 995,608 
 
 8,477,151 
 
 9,360,371 
 
 75,342 
 
 8,359 
 
 1839 
 
 4,14S,2U 
 
 1,151,204 
 
 6,299,415 
 
 15,050,715 
 
 64,318 
 
 13,381 
 
 1840 
 Total, 
 
 6,736,456 
 
 1,083,689 
 
 6,820,145 
 
 8,464,882 
 
 72,288 
 
 11,340 
 
 $30,282,068 
 
 13,965,548 
 
 44,247,616 
 
 115,747,208 
 
 571,286 
 
 136,989 
 
 1841 
 
 4,404,863 
 
 747,638 
 
 5.152,601 
 
 10,346,698 
 
 74,201 
 
 9,323 
 
 1&42 
 
 3,293,814 
 
 476,913 
 
 3,770,727 
 
 7,385,-858 
 
 65,208 
 
 13,712 
 
 18*3* 
 
 2,071,945 
 
 2S3,003 
 
 2,354,948 
 
 2,760,630 
 
 41,573 
 
 5,899 
 
 1844 
 
 3,265,027 
 
 270,229 
 
 3,536,256 
 
 7,217,267 
 
 711,650 
 
 8,627 
 
 1845 
 
 3,129,678 
 
 444,635 
 
 3,574,363 
 
 8,159,227 
 
 63,271 
 
 12,987 
 
 1846 
 
 4,157.918 
 
 593,087 
 
 4,751,005 
 
 7,989,396 
 
 77,272 
 
 7,627 
 
 1847 
 
 8,263,311 
 
 281,080 
 
 8,544,391 
 
 9,587,516 
 
 107,930 
 
 85,213 
 
 1848 
 
 5,428,309 
 
 304,024 
 
 5,732,333 
 
 12,147,584 
 
 77,870 
 
 20,218 
 
 1849 
 
 4,850,872 
 
 492,549 
 
 5,:34;3,421 
 
 10,64.5,500 
 
 93,322 
 
 27,005 
 
 1850 
 Total, 
 
 4,049,464 
 
 452,142 
 
 4,501,606 
 
 12,066,154 
 
 81,276 
 
 30,342 
 
 $42,915,201 
 
 4,345,360 
 
 47,260,551 
 
 88,305,830 
 
 762,573 
 
 170,952 
 
 1851 
 
 5,101,969 
 
 254,067 
 
 6,356,036 
 
 14,168,761 
 
 102,123 
 
 88,051 
 
 ia52 
 
 5,522,449 
 
 806,122 
 
 5,828,571 
 
 14,785,917 
 
 90,951 
 
 48,981 
 
 1853 
 
 6,255,229 
 
 272,767 
 
 6,527,996 
 
 18,834,410 
 
 101,029 
 
 60,666 
 
 1854 
 
 9,846,810 
 
 267,606 
 
 10,104,416 
 
 21.359,306 
 
 120,640 
 
 53,567 
 
 1855 
 
 5,985,125 
 
 289,213 
 
 6,274,338 
 
 15,3(19,935 
 
 114,208 
 
 35,720 
 
 1856 
 
 7,043,408 
 
 189,164 
 
 7,232,572 
 
 16,590,045 
 
 112,087 
 
 31,245 
 
 * 9 months to June 30, and the fiscal year from this time begins July 1. 
 
 PRINCIPAL PORTS. 
 
 Philadelphia, near the confluence of the rivers Delaware and SchuylkUl, in lat. 
 39° 57' N., long 75° 10' W., and near the head of the Delaware bay. Vessels of 
 the largest burden ascend the river as far as Newcastle, but those drawing above 18 
 or 20 feet of water can not reach Philadelphia, on account of a bar a little below the 
 city. The entrance to the magnificent bay formed by the embouchure of the Dela- 
 ware, has Cape May on the north, and Cape Henlopen on its south side. The com- 
 merce of Philadelphia has not kept pace with her growth in other respects, especially 
 in manufactures. The tonnage in 1856, was 197,228 tons. 
 
 Erie, port of entry. Pa. It is beautifully situated on Presque Isle Bay, on 
 Lake Erie, covers one mile square, and has one of the best harbors on the lake, the 
 channel or entrance to which has lately been much improved; the water is from II 
 to 20 feet deep, and the largest steamboats enter without difficulty. There is a 
 lighthouse on the west side of the entrance of Presque Isle baj-, lat. 42° 8' 14" N. ; 
 shows a fixed light, elevated 93 feet above the surface of the lake, and visible for a 
 distance of 141 miles. The beacon is on the east side of the bay ; visible 8f miles. 
 
Louisania. 
 
 45 
 
 FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF LOUISIANA, 
 
 From October 1, 1820, to July 1, 1856. 
 
 Years 
 
 
 EXPORTS. 
 
 
 IMPORTS. 
 
 TONNAGE CL'D. 
 
 EXUI.Nd 
 
 Sept. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 80. 
 1S21 
 
 DoMESTia 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 Total. 
 
 TOTAU 
 
 American. 
 
 Foreign. 
 
 $6,907,599 
 
 $364,573 
 
 $7,272,172 
 
 $.3,879,717 
 
 53,.312 
 
 21,323 
 
 lS-.'2 
 
 7.o0;!,461 
 
 675,184 
 
 7,978,645 
 
 3,817,233 
 
 37,888 
 
 20,716 
 
 1S23 
 
 6,709,410 
 
 1,009,662 
 
 7,779,072 
 
 4,283,125 
 
 53,253 
 
 26.445 
 
 1S24 
 
 6,412,946 
 
 1,485,874 
 
 7,928,820 
 
 4,.5:39,769 
 
 54,189 
 
 21,996 
 
 1825 
 
 10,965,234 
 
 1,617,690 
 
 12.582,924 
 
 4,290,034 
 
 51,602 
 
 2.5,776 
 
 1826 
 
 9,048,506 
 
 1,235,874 
 
 10,2^4,380 
 
 4,167,521 
 
 63,144 
 
 22,943 
 
 1827 
 
 10,602,832 
 
 1,126,165 
 
 11,728,997 
 
 4,531,645 
 
 89,793 
 
 80,240 
 
 1S28 
 
 10,163,342 
 
 1,784,058 
 
 11,947,400 
 
 6,217,881 
 
 S5,:341 
 
 38,731 
 
 1829 
 
 10,898,183 
 
 1,487,877 
 
 12,386,060 
 
 6,s57,209 
 
 87,657 
 
 3:3.172 
 
 1830 
 Total, 
 
 13,042,740 
 
 2,445,952 
 
 15,488,692 
 
 7,599,083 
 
 106,017 
 
 36,817 
 
 $92,144,253 
 
 13,232,909 
 
 105,377,162 
 
 49,633,222 
 
 692,151 
 
 277,659 
 
 1831 
 
 12,S35,531 
 
 .3,926,458 
 
 16,761,989 
 
 9,760,693 
 
 96,7.53 
 
 .58,.55S 
 
 1832 
 
 14.105,118 
 
 2,42.5,812 
 
 10,5:30,9.30 
 
 8,371.653 
 
 88,286 
 
 59,620 
 
 1S33 
 
 16,133,457 
 
 2,807,916 
 
 18,941,373 
 
 9,590,.505 
 
 86,021 
 
 60,5^0 
 
 1S34 
 
 23.759.607 
 
 2,797,917 
 
 26,557,524 
 
 1:3,731,309 
 
 112,3:30 
 
 71,.599 
 
 1835 
 
 31,265,015 
 
 5,005,803 
 
 36,270,823 
 
 17,519,814 
 
 187,:391 
 
 58,778 
 
 1836 
 
 32,226,565 
 
 4,953,26:3 
 
 37,179,828 
 
 15,117,649 
 
 147,3:33 
 
 48,110 
 
 1S37 
 
 31, .546.275 
 
 3,792,422 
 
 35,838,697 
 
 14,020,012 
 
 175,568 
 
 45,523 
 
 1838 
 
 30,077,534 
 
 1,424,714 
 
 81,502,248 
 
 9,496,808 
 
 189,722 
 
 4:3,134 
 
 1839 
 
 311.99.5,936 
 
 2,185,231 
 
 3:3,181,167 
 
 12,064,942 
 
 177,257 
 
 54,772 
 
 1840 
 Total, 
 
 32.998,0.59 
 
 1,2:38,877 
 
 34,236,936 
 
 10,67:3,196 
 
 277,021 
 
 73,350 
 
 $255,943,097 
 
 80,558,418 
 
 286,501,515 
 
 120,903,081 
 
 1,4:33,1:32 
 
 569,074 
 
 1841 
 
 .32,865,618 
 
 1,521,865 
 
 84,387,483 
 
 10,25G,-S50 
 
 244,933 
 
 72,.577 
 
 1842 
 
 27,427,422 
 
 976,727 
 
 23,404,149 
 
 8,0:38,590 
 
 244,110 
 
 7:3,668 
 
 184:3* 
 
 26.6.53,924 
 
 736.500 
 
 27,:390,424 
 
 8,170,015 
 
 292,473 
 
 80,697 
 
 1844 
 
 29,442,7;34 
 
 1,055,573 
 
 80,498,307 
 
 7,826,789 
 
 237,179 
 
 101.(»56 
 
 1845 
 
 2.5,841,311 
 
 1,:316,154 
 
 27,157,465 
 
 7,:354,897 
 
 243,.543 
 
 129,561 
 
 1846 
 
 30,747,.533 
 
 528,171 
 
 81,275,704 
 
 7,22:3,090 
 
 283,468 
 
 110,023 
 
 1847 
 
 41,788,303 
 
 263,3:30 
 
 42,051,633 
 
 9,222,969 
 
 274,112 
 
 166,768 
 
 1848 
 
 39,350,148 
 
 1,621,213 
 
 40,971,861 
 
 9,:3S0,489 
 
 2b7,337 
 
 148,612 
 
 1349 
 
 36,957,118 
 
 6.J4,.549 
 
 87,611,667 
 
 10,050,697 
 
 293,456 
 
 194,2:34 
 
 1850 
 Total, 
 
 37,698,277 
 
 407,073 
 
 38,105,350 
 
 10,760,499 
 
 211,300 
 
 1.58,1:37 
 
 .$328,772,358 
 
 9,081,155 
 
 837,853,543 
 
 88,278,8:35 
 
 2,563,011 
 
 1,2.35,:383 
 
 1851 
 
 5.3,968,013 
 
 445,950 
 
 54,413,963 
 
 12,528,460 
 
 292,954 
 
 123,612 
 
 1852 
 
 48.SIIS169 
 
 250,716 
 
 49,053,885 
 
 12.057,724 
 
 870,741 
 
 178,741 
 
 1853 
 
 67,7«S724 
 
 523,9:34 
 
 68.292,658 
 
 1:3,6:30,636 
 
 440,736 
 
 190,084 
 
 1854 
 
 60.656,587 
 
 275,265 
 
 60,931,8.52 
 
 14,422,154 
 
 443,499 
 
 155,256 
 
 1855 
 
 55,1156.094 
 
 311,868 
 
 55,367,963 
 
 12,900,821 
 
 430,502 
 
 12:3,900 
 
 1856 
 
 80,576,052 
 
 288,423 
 
 80,865,080 
 
 16,682,:392 
 
 586,747 
 
 186.415 
 
 * 9 months to June 30, and the flsc.il year from this time begins July 1. 
 
 PRINCIPAL PORT. 
 New Orleaxs, Louisiana, is the principal port on the Mississippi, and the natural 
 depot for the commerce of the great central valley. It is situated on the leit bank 
 of the river, 100 miles from the Gulf of Mexico, in lat. 29° 58', and long. 90° 7'. Its 
 site is low and marshy, and in the summer and fall very sickly. Two railroads con- 
 nect it witli Lake Pontchartrain, and thence steamboats connect with Mobile, etc. 
 It communicates northward by the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern Rail- 
 road, and westward by the New Orleans, Opelousas, and Great "Western Railroad. 
 Its commerce by river is carried on by steamboats in constant succession, and these 
 traverse the great river and tributaries for thousands of miles. By these means it 
 receives and distributes its merchandise. The average value of produce received 
 from the interior, is about $120,000,000. Its foreign trade is co- extensive, and with 
 regard to cotton and sugar it is the first port of the Union. The depth of water in 
 the river, opposite New Orleans, is at a medium of 70 feet, and it maintains sound- 
 ings of 30 feet until within a mile of its confluence with the sea. The river has four 
 principal passes. The tonnage of the port in 1S5G, was 103,308 tons. 
 
64 
 
 Foreign Comtnerce of the United States. 
 
 795 
 
 GENERAL STATEMENT OF THE ANNUAL FOREIGN COMMERCE 
 
 AND NAVIGATION OF THE UNITED STATES, 
 
 Feom October 1, 1820, to July 1, 1856. 
 
 Is 
 
 1821 
 
 EXPORTS. 
 
 IMPOKTS. 
 
 Whereof there was 
 in Bullion and Specie. 
 
 TONNAGE CL'D.^ 
 
 Domestic. 
 
 FOKEION. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Total. 
 
 Export. 
 
 Impoet. 
 
 Amer. 
 
 Fob. 
 
 $43,671,894 
 
 $21,302,488 
 
 $64,974,382 
 
 $62,585,724 
 
 $10,478,059 
 
 $8,064,890 
 
 804,947 
 
 83,073 
 
 1822 
 
 49,874,079 
 
 22,286,202 
 
 72,160,281 
 
 83,241,541 
 
 10,810,180 
 
 3,369,846 
 
 813,748 
 
 97,490 
 
 1823 
 
 47,155,408 
 
 27,543,622 
 
 74,699,030 
 
 77,579,267 
 
 6,372,987 
 
 5,097,896 
 
 810,761 
 
 119,740 
 
 1824 
 
 50,649,500 
 
 25,3:37,157 
 
 75,986.657 
 
 80,549,007 
 
 7,014,652 
 
 8,379,8:35 
 
 919.278 
 
 102,552 
 
 1825 
 
 66,944,745 
 
 32,590,64:; 
 
 99,535,388 
 
 96,340,075 
 
 8,932,034 
 
 6,150.765 
 
 960,366 
 
 95,080 
 
 1826 
 
 53,055,710 
 
 24,539,612 
 
 77,595,322 
 
 84,974,477 
 
 4,704,5:53 
 
 6,880.966 
 
 953,012 
 
 99,417 
 
 1827 
 
 68,921,691 
 
 23,403,136 
 
 82,324,827 
 
 79,484,068 
 
 8,014,880 
 
 8,161,130 
 
 980,542 
 
 131,250 
 
 1828 
 
 50,669,669 
 
 21,595,017 
 
 72,264,686 
 
 88,509,824 
 
 8,243,476 
 
 7,489,741 
 
 897,404 
 
 151,030 
 
 1829 
 
 55,700,193 
 
 16,658,478 
 
 72,358,671 
 
 74,492,524 
 
 4,924,020 
 
 7,403,612 
 
 944,799 
 
 133,006 
 
 1830 
 Tot. 
 
 59,462,029 
 
 14,387,479 
 
 73,849,608 
 
 70,876,920 
 
 2,178,773 
 
 8,165,964 
 
 971,760 
 
 133,486 
 
 $636,104,918 
 
 229,643,834 
 
 766,748,752 
 
 798,633,427 
 
 71,673,494 
 
 69,144,645 
 
 9,056,617 
 
 1,146,074 
 
 1831 
 
 61,277,057 
 
 20,033,626 
 
 81,310,583 
 
 103,191,124 
 
 9,014,931 
 
 7,805,945 
 
 972,604 
 
 271,994 
 
 1882 
 
 63,137,470 
 
 24,039,473 
 
 87,176,94:3 
 
 101,029,266 
 
 5,656,;}40 
 
 5,907,504 
 
 974,866 
 
 . 887,505 
 
 1833 
 
 70,317,698 
 
 19,822,735 
 
 90,140.433 
 
 108,118,311 
 
 2,611,701 
 
 7,070,368 
 
 1,142,160 
 
 497,089 
 
 1834 
 
 81,024,162 
 
 23,312,811 
 
 104,336,9731 
 
 126,521,332 
 
 2,076,758 
 
 17,911,6:32 
 
 1,134,020 
 
 577,700 
 
 1835 
 
 101,189,082 
 
 20,604,495 
 
 121,693,.'577i 
 
 149,895,742 
 
 6,477,775 13,131, 447 j 
 
 1,400,517 
 
 680,824 
 
 1836 
 
 106,916,680 
 
 21,746 360 
 
 128,663,040 
 
 189,980,035 
 
 4,324.a36 
 
 13.400,881 
 
 1,315,623 
 
 674,721 
 
 183V 
 
 95,564,414 
 
 21,854,962 
 
 117,419,376 
 
 140,989,217 
 
 5,976,249 
 
 10,516,414 
 
 1,266,622 
 
 756,202 
 
 1838 
 
 96,033,821 
 
 12,452,795 
 
 108,486,616 
 
 113,717,406 
 
 8,508,046 
 
 17,747,116 
 
 1,408,761 
 
 604,166 
 
 1839 
 
 103,533,891 
 
 17,494,525 
 
 121,028,416 
 
 162,092.132 
 
 8.776,74:3 
 
 6,595,176 
 
 1,477,928 
 
 611,889 
 
 1840 
 Tot 
 
 113,695,634 
 
 18,190,312 
 
 132,085,946 
 
 107,141,519 
 
 8,417,014 
 
 8,882,813 
 
 1,647,009 
 
 706,486 
 
 $892,889,909 
 
 199,461,994 
 
 1,092,341,903 
 
 1,302,670,084 
 
 56,839,893 
 
 107,409,296 
 
 12,739,909 
 
 5,718,476 
 
 1841 
 
 106,382,722 
 
 15,469,081 
 
 121,8.51,803 
 
 127,946,177 
 
 10,034,332 
 
 4,988,633 
 
 1,634,156 
 
 786,849 
 
 1842 
 
 92,969,996 
 
 11,721,5:38 
 
 104,691,534 
 
 100,162,087 
 
 4,813,539 
 
 4,087,016 
 
 1,536,461 
 
 740,497 
 
 1843 
 
 * 77,793,783 
 
 6,552,697 
 
 84,846,480 
 
 t>i,753,799 
 
 1,620,791 
 
 22,390,,559 
 
 1,268, oa3 
 
 523,949 
 
 1844 
 
 99,715,179 
 
 11,484,867 
 
 111,200,040 
 
 108,435,035 
 
 5,454,214 
 
 5,830,429 
 
 2,010,924 
 
 906,814 
 
 1845 
 
 99,299,776 
 
 15,:346,8;30 
 
 114,646,606 
 
 117,254,5W 
 
 8,606,495 
 
 4,070,242 
 
 2,053,977 
 
 930,275 
 
 1846 
 
 102,141,693 
 
 11,346,623 
 
 11:3,488,516 
 
 121,691,797 
 
 3,905,268 
 
 3,777,7:32 
 
 2,221,028 
 
 968,178 
 
 184Y 
 
 150,637,464 
 
 8,011,158 
 
 158,648,622; 
 
 146,545,638 
 
 1,907,024 
 
 24,121,289 
 
 2,202,393 
 
 1,176,606 
 
 1848 
 
 132,904,121 
 
 21,132,315 
 
 154,036,436 
 
 154,998,928 
 
 16,841,616 
 
 6,360,224 
 
 2,461,280 
 
 1,404,159 
 
 1849 
 
 132,666,955 
 
 13,083,865 
 
 14.5,755,820 
 
 147,857,4:39 
 
 5,404,648 
 
 6,651.240 
 
 2,75:3,724 
 
 1,675,709 
 
 1850 
 Tot. 
 
 136,946,912 
 
 14,951,808 
 
 151,898,720 
 
 178,138,318 
 
 7,622,994 
 
 4,628,792 
 
 2,6-32,788 
 
 1,728,214 
 
 $1,131,458,801 
 
 129,106,782 
 
 1,260,564,583 
 
 1,267,783,782 
 
 66,010,921 
 
 86,906,156 
 
 20,774,804 
 
 10,791,249 
 
 1&51 
 
 196,689,718 
 
 21,698,293 
 
 218.388,011 
 
 216,224,932 
 
 29,472,762 
 
 5,463,592 1 
 
 3,200,619 
 
 1,929,.535 1 
 
 1852 
 
 192,368,984 
 
 17,2S9,3S2 
 
 209,668,366 
 
 212,945,442' 
 
 42,674,185 
 
 5,505,044' 
 
 3,230,690 
 
 2,047,575 
 
 1853 
 
 213,417,697 
 
 17,558,460 
 
 230,976,157 
 
 267,978,647, 
 
 27,486,875 
 
 4,201, 3S2 
 
 3,766,789 
 
 2,298,790 
 
 1854 
 
 253,390,870 
 
 24,850,194 
 
 278,241,064 
 
 304,562,381 ■ 
 
 41.281,504 
 
 6,758,587! 
 
 3,911,.S92 
 
 2,107,802 
 
 1865 
 
 246,708,553 
 
 28,448,293 
 
 276,156,846 
 
 261,468,520 
 
 50,247,34:3 
 
 3,659,812 
 
 4,068,979 2,110,322 i 
 
 1856 
 
 310,586,330 
 
 16,378,678 
 
 826,964,908 
 
 314,039,942 
 
 45,745,485 
 
 4,207,632 1 4,538,864i 2,462,109 
 
 * 9 months to June 30, and the fiscal year from this time begins July 1. 
 
 STEAM TONNAGE OP THE UNITED STATES. 
 "The use of steam tonnage in the commerce between the United States and other 
 American nations, and Great Britain, France, and other commercial nations, may, and 
 it is thought by some wLU, considerably reduce the sail tonnage used in commerce, and 
 that cheaper capital in Great Britain will give to that nation an advantage over the United 
 States in steam tonnage, and the carrying trade of our own and other countries, and they 
 attribute the reduction of our tonnage to that cause. This may be so, to some extent, but 
 no continued reduction of our commercial tonnage is apprehended ; nor is it apprehended 
 there is any just reason to suppose our enterprising sliip-builders and merchants will 
 surrender the navigation of the seas to Great Britain, and place that nation in posses- 
 sion of the carrying business of the world ; yet the subject is one of interest, and calls 
 for a careful examination of our tonnage laws, and the removal of all impediments to an 
 (ajual and fair competition for our foreign trade and the trade of other nations."— ZTretted 
 States Treasury Report, December, 1856. 
 
American and Foreign Tonnage. 
 
 65 
 
 COMPARATIVE EMPLOYMENT OF AMERICAN AND FOREIGN 
 
 TONNAGE, AS SHOWN IN THE IMPORTS OF THE 
 
 UNITED STATES, IN 1831, 1841, AND 1851. 
 
 STATES, ETC. 
 
 1831. 
 
 1841. 
 
 1851. 
 
 In 
 American 
 
 vessels. 
 
 In 
 
 Foreign 
 vessels. 
 
 In 
 
 American 
 
 vessels. 
 
 In 
 Foreign 
 
 vessels. 
 
 In 
 
 American 
 vessels. 
 
 In 
 Foreign 
 
 vessels. 
 
 Alabama 
 
 14:3,320 
 
 180,573 
 405,066 
 21,656 
 110.196 
 236,293 
 
 5,969,622 
 
 832.803 
 
 4,513,897 
 
 13,982,768 
 
 27,299 
 
 146,205 
 
 53,017,633 
 
 186,802 
 
 153 
 
 11,623,584 
 562,101 
 853,171 
 
 166,266 
 383,797 
 
 81,115 
 12,982 
 
 5,514 
 103,6-12 
 
 8,797,671 
 109,104 
 312,680 
 
 236,238 
 
 3,460,384 
 
 9,.554 
 
 464 
 
 500,499 
 
 884,992 
 104,725 
 
 410,358 
 
 53,863 
 298,221 
 
 1,188 
 116,712 
 299,977 
 
 S,14l',683 
 574,664 
 
 5,348,866 
 
 18,835.492 
 
 137,608 
 
 83,875 
 
 61,585 
 
 1.919 
 
 66,688,750 
 
 214,731 
 
 9,563 
 
 9,840,354 
 
 333.929 
 
 1,217,955 
 
 7,523 
 
 246,739 
 351,917 
 
 120,461 
 
 23,466 
 2,768 
 2,088 
 
 28,469 
 149,030 
 
 2,115,262 
 126,297 
 752,447 
 
 1,482,511 
 192 
 
 12,ii6 
 
 396 
 
 9,024,676 
 
 5,629 
 
 1,755 
 
 500,344 
 
 5,663 
 
 339,476 
 
 25,326 
 
 48,736 
 4,462,700 
 
 80,527 
 820,858 
 
 88',875 
 
 404,477 
 
 3,609 
 
 1,754 
 
 213,576 
 
 1 10,134,465 
 
 963,061 
 
 5,662.066 
 
 23,117,834 
 
 182,146 
 
 845 
 
 622,039 
 
 44,682 
 
 106,568,635 
 
 125,978 
 
 586,460 
 
 11,541,212 
 
 295,209 
 
 1,646,915 
 
 64,761 
 
 62,745 
 
 691,268 
 
 227,339 
 
 108,500 
 
 869,710 
 
 '286 
 22,136 
 
 56,122 
 
 817,070 
 
 1,048 
 
 2,393,995 
 208.529 
 988,579 
 
 9,597,493 
 
 13,346 
 
 1,111 
 
 34,977,903 
 
 80,953 
 
 99,871 
 
 2,627,549 
 
 15,421 
 
 434,397 
 
 31 ',970 
 
 325,594 
 
 
 Columbia, District of. 
 Connecticut 
 
 
 Florida 
 
 Illinois 
 
 Indiana 
 
 Kentucky 
 
 Louisiana 
 
 Maine 
 
 
 Massachusetts 
 
 MississinDi 
 
 
 New Hampshire 
 
 New Jersey 
 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Ohio 
 
 Pennsylvania 
 
 Rhode Island 
 
 South Carolina 
 
 Texas 
 
 
 
 Oregon Territory 
 
 Total 
 
 93,962,110 
 
 9,229,014 
 
 113,221,877 
 
 14,724,300 
 
 168,216,272 
 
 52,563,083 
 
 TONNAGE OP THE UNITED STATES. 
 
 "When our navigation laws were first enacted in 1789, the registered tonnage of 
 the United States was secured against the i:irotecting navigation laws of other na- 
 tions, by countervailing or protecting provisions. Such provisions were, from time 
 to time, extended, so as to countervail the prohibitory enactments of the commercial 
 nations with which we had intercourse. These commercial restrictions have gradu- 
 ally yielded to the more liberal principles of freo trade in the transportation of freight 
 and passengers, until in tliat business we have free trade with almost aU the nations 
 of the earth, only marred by the charge of light money to our vessels, where we 
 charge none. The removal of restrictions, in our commercial intercourse with other 
 nations, in the carrying business, has not been prejudicial to our foreign commercial 
 marine. The burden of light money, to which our tonnage, in the ports of Great 
 Britain and other commercial nations, is subject, should bo removed by mutual 
 agreement, or countervailing legislation on our part, and the tonnage duty now 
 charged on our vessels, in the ports of France and some other countries, and on 
 their vessels in our ports, should, by like mutual agreement, be taken oft', and port 
 charges equalized. The coasting trade of the United States has, from the begin- 
 ning, been strictly reserved for vessels built within the United States, and owned 
 by citizens of the U. S., to the exclusion of foreign-buOt and foreign-owned vessels. 
 The American tonnage engaged in foreign trade, and in the coasting trade, has 
 been American-built, and has had the absolute protection of our laws, and the 
 licensed tonnage absolute protection, in the carrying trade on our coast and in our 
 waters." — Treasury Report, December, 1856. 
 
1 
 "Weight, Six Oitnces. Postage, foe ant bktanoe. Two and a Hau Cents per No., peep aid Quaeteelt. 
 
 99 
 
 THE 
 
 BANKERS' MAGAZINE, 
 
 AND 
 
 tatistkal |legbler. 
 
 EDITED BY J. SMITH HOMANS. 
 
 " No expectation of forbearance or indulgence should be encouraged. Favor and benevolence 
 are not the attributes of good banking. Strict justice and the rigid performance of contracts are its 
 proper foundation." 
 
 •' The Eevenue of the State is the State; in effect, all depend upon it, whether for support or for 
 reformation." 
 
 MAY, 1857. -CONTENTS. 
 
 Akt. I. PsiKcrPLES OP Life Insueance ; •with new Tables of Moetalitt, peepaeed fob the 
 Mutual Litb Insueance Company of New York. 833. 
 
 II. Legal Miscellany — Frauds on Banks and other Corporations. 840. 
 
 III. Annual Report on the Coinage of the United States, with tabular details of Coinage at the Mint 
 
 and each Branch. 843. 
 
 IV. Foreign Banes.— 1. The Ottoman Bank. £. The Bank of Turkey. 3. The Bank of Agricul- 
 
 ture. 4. The Bank of France. 5. The International Bank, Paris. 6. England, S51. 
 
 V. A Model Banking House, Description of. 856. 
 
 VI. Eecent Banking Decisions.— 1. City Bank of Columbus. 2. Frauds on Banks. S. Foreign 
 Corporations. 858. 
 
 VII. Law of the State of New York as to Notaries Public. 860. 
 
 VIII. Foreign Commerce of the United States with Guiana. 2. Jamaica. 3. Canada. 4. British 
 Colonies. 5. France. 6. French "West Indies. 7. French Guiana. 8. Denmark. 9. Hol- 
 land. 10. Hanse Towns. (These tables show the trade with each nation for each year, 
 1820—1856.) 865. 
 
 IX. Miscellaneous. Origin of Marine Insurance— Failure of Greene & Co., Paris— New York and 
 New Haven Rail-Eoad Dividend. 
 
 X. New York City Banks. — Capital, Circulation, Profits, Deposits, Loans, Eeal Estate, Specie, Cash 
 Items, Stocks, Bonds and Mortgages, Expense Account of each, 906. 
 
 XI. Redemption of Uncurrent Money by the Suffolk Bank, Boston, and by the Metropolitan Bank 
 and the American Exchange Banlc, New York. 897. 
 
 XII. Bank Items— New Banks— New Appointments— Bank Failures. 900. 
 
 XIIL Notes on the Money Market, with a Review of the Fluctuations of the Stock Market for 
 April. 910. 
 
 NEW YORK, 162 Peakl Street. 
 
 PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY J. SMITH HOMANS, Jr. 
 Terms, Five Dollars Per Annum. 
 
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
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