/ POPULAR NOVELS, By Richard B, Kimboll. Elegantly printed, and beautifully bound in cloth. SAINT LEGER - - Price, $1 75 WAS HE SUCCESSFUL? - u 1 75 UNDERCURRENTS . - " 1 75 ROMANCE OF STUDENT LIFE " 1 75 EMILIE A Sequel to " Saint Leger." (In press.) EDITED BY MR. KIM BALL. IN THE TROPICS - - Price, $1 75 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA " 2 00 'Mr. KIMBALL'S books are remarkable for their happy com- bination of fancy and sentiment. They possess a perpetual charm to the reader; and, being of the higher. order of literature, are growing more and more in- dispensable to every library." * # * Single copies tent by mat'/, postage free, by Carleton, Publisher, New York. THE PRINCE OF KASHNA A WEST INDIAN STORY. BY THE AUTHOK OF "IN THE TEOPICS." AN EDITOKIAL INTRODUCTION BT" KICHARD B. KIMBALL, AUTHOR OF "ST. LEGER," " WAS HK SUCCESSFUL f" " UNDERCURRENTS, "STUDENT LIFE," ETC. NEW YORK: CARLETON, PUBLISHER, 413 BROADWAY. MDOCCLXVI. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1S65, BY GEORGE W. CAKLEyON, In the Clej-k's Office of tho District Court of the United States for the Southern District of New York. PKEFATOKY INTRODUCTION. IN the spring of 1863, I received from Santo Domingo City, by the hands of an esteemed friend, a manuscript, which, on perusal, impressed me as every way so remarkable that I decided on its publication in book form. Giving it only the revision which the writer's absence made neces- sary, I prepared a volume for the press, and it was published under the title of " IN THE TROP- ICS." The public not 'only indorsed my judgment of the work, but began soon to manifest a per- sonal interest in the " young settler's " destiny. I was applied to, from all parts of the country, for information respecting him ; one letter, in- deed, reaching me from the Sandwich Islands. It was at this time that the fierce war broke out between the Dominicans and Spain which has just resulted in the new birth of the Dominican M181153 vi PREFACE. Republic. During that strife, our friend was forced to quit the island, and take refuge in Ja- maica. For nearly a year I heard nothing from him ; when, early last summer, I received a large package, together with the following brief note : " KEITH HALL, JAMAICA, May 31, 1865. " DEAR MR. KJMBALL : You are already ac- quainted with the cruel manner in which the Spanish soldiery desolated the dear homestead which you have already so kindly introduced to the American public, and of my forced departure from it, for a temporary refuge in the Island of Jamaica. While there, I heard a great deal about an intelligent and educated Mahometan slave, the son of an African king, who was equal- ly remarkable for his moral worth and mental ability, and who, even in the fettered life of the plantation, had won many friends and a good English education. On pursuing my inquiries, I had the good fortune to obtain his journal, and other memoranda of his early life, and from them PREFACE. vii I have arranged what might fairly be termed an " Autobiography," but which, with this explana- tion, I have concluded to call a West Indian Story. Dare I ask you to take the same trouble for the Prince of Kashna which you so disinter- estedly volunteered in favor of the simple narra- tive of Life in Santo Domingo ? I place the mat- ter absolutely in your hands ; and, whatever may be your decision, I shall remain, as ever, " Your obliged friend, C. M." This short letter, instead of satisfying my curi- osity respecting the "Prince," served only to stimulate it. I wished to learn more or know less about his majesty. A vague suspicion that he might be an imaginary personage haunted me a suspicion which I now confess was an un- worthy one. Still I thought best, before commu- nicating with the public, to confer with my corre- spondent ; and, in reply to my particular inquiries, I was assured that the Prince of Kashna was really no fictitious character. I was told that, in viii PREFACE. Jamaica, as late as 1828, travelers still recalled the Mahometan slave, Sidi Mahmadec. He was at that period free in all but in name, and was, to a certain extent, actually treated as an equal by the neighboring- planters. My correspondent further informed me that, when in Jamaica, he took up his residence at Keith Hall, a romantic old West Indian chateau, dedicated in days of yore to pleasure and pleasure-seekers, but now an almost deserted, though by no means desolate, spot, where the orange and banana still flourish, and the pimento grows. This fine estate had been the residence of some of the highest officials of Jamaica ; and among the books and papers scat- tered around the chambers of the Hall, our friend encountered some extracts from the journal of " Sidi," printed in an old periodical of 1848. He was so much attracted by these that he instituted a searching inquiry into the subject, until at length the journal itself, together with other memoranda, was brought to light from the escri- toire of the secretary of a former governor of the PKEFACE. ix island. From these documents the present vol- ume was actually compiled. Having tlnis satisfied myself as to the authen- ticity of the work, it seemed but fair that the public should be equally favored. I have only to add that, beyond cutting out some portions which deal rather too freely with certain social relations and family secrets, the editor has liter- ally found^ nothing to do in the preparation of the work. GLEN PAKE, Novemb&r, 1865. P. S. Since the above was written, I have re- ceived intelligence that the " young settler " has returned to his quiet JEstancia near Palenque, and is now actively employed, repairing his walks, restoring his gardens, pruning his lime and orange groves, while preparing to resume the pleasant labors which were so unhappily in- terrupted. I hope, therefore, soon to give a fur- ther account of his achievements in developing the resources of his adopted home. i* CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. AFEIOAN ROYALTY 7 CHAPTER II. THE FATAL JOURNEY 25 CHAPTER HI. IN JAMAICA 51 CHAPTER IV. IN THE WOODS V3 CHAPTER V. REOAPTUKED 92 CHAPTER VI. RETUEN TO OEANGE GEOVE 107 CHAPTER VII. MASTEE HENEY 123 CHAPTER VIII. NEW SCENES 148 CHAPTER IX. THE MISSIONAEY 168 CHAPTER X. THE PLANTEB . . 186 CONTENTS. PAGE CHAPTER XL A SINGTJLAE ADJUSTMENT 206. CHAPTER XII. MY FIEST LOVE 228 CHAPTER XIII. THE CONSPIEAOY 247 CHAPTER XIV. MlRAFLOE ! 263 CHAPTER XV. THE GEOTTO 276 CHAPTER XVI. ROSE HILL 292 1 CHAPTER XVII. ME. ST. JOHN 306 CHAPTER XVIII. THE FAIE STRANGER 326 CHAPTER XIX. THE NIGHT-EIDER 351 CHAPTER XX. MAD FEOLICS 370 CHAPTER XXI. Ax ALAEM 388 CHAPTER XXII. PAELOE DRAMAS 409 CHAPTER XXIII. GEEAT CHANGES .. . 431 KING ABDALLA, THE WHITE STRANGER. CHAPTER I AFRICAN ROYALTY. MY father, Abdalla ben Abu,* was king of Kashna, and, with it, of a large surrounding terri- tory, which we, its children, call Houssa, though I now know that it is not exactly the district so marked on the maps of Africa of those days. My father, King Abdalla, was not strictly a negro, as, though black, or nearly so, in complexion, his hair was not woolly, nor his features of the flattened type so prevalent among the black races of Africa. I inherited these peculiarities, and con- clude from them that my family was, more or less purely, of the Desert stock. I have no very clear ideas as to the relations 8 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. of the different tribes of blacks that inhabited my native town of Kashna, but I know that its popu- lation was divided in faith between Mahometans and Fetish worshippers, and that my father was a follower of the Prophet, and even claimed to be his descendant, although there were many Obiah men priests of the Fetish among his chief cap- tains. I have no certain recollection of my father, as I was only five years old when he was killed in repulsing an enemy from Kashna. There rises grandly in the chambers of memory a tall chief- tain on horseback, in the midst of many other blacks, and it seems to me this chief was my father. He had a large turban on his head, in which shone some glittering ornaments, and* three long ostrich-feathers fell over it toward his shoul- der. He wore, too, a white tunic with a broad border of bright colors. As he mounted, some one handed him a long spear, but who that per- son was, or how dressed, has left no trace on my memory. This may have been a dream, I know not ; or, it may be as I loved to imagine in my early days of slavery that, on the last busy, dreadful AFRICAN ROYALTY. 9 morning of his life, my father stopped in this way to give some orders at the "Women's Court," and his person and appearance thus left a perma- nent impression on me, though all the other cir- cumstances were soon effaced. My mother was, I think, a slave captured from a neighboring tribe with which ours was, almost every dry season, at war for no other reason, that I ever heard, than that each wanted to get plenty of horses, cattle, and slaves from the other. She was born free, but captured, with many others, from a country far to the north of Houssa, and had been sold to, or captured over again, by the tribe from whom my father won her in bat- tle, with several other slaves of her own tongue. She was a Mahometan, like my father, but she was not so black. She had been taught in her father's house many things which the common negro women looked upon with admiration, as white ladies would regard the accomplishments of those more highly educated than themselves. She became my father's wife and ranked with the other two women who held that station, though she had brought him no portion, being, as my people say, " the slave of his spear." He had 10 THE PRINCE or KASIINA. plenty of other wives, but, among them all, only these three had each a house and servants of her own, and these were also addressed by the title of Leila. My mother knew many verses of the Koran, taught her by her father, Sidi Mahmadee, whose name she conferred on me ; and, besides the Koran, she could chant from memory a great number of songs about her country. It may have been this gift which obtained her so much respect and affection from the king, my father, of which I was told many things as I was growing up, though, of course, I remember nothing of them : still certain points have 'much impressed me. She was not a negress; she could repeat verses from the Koran, she had been taught to recite long stories in Arabic, and was brought far from the north. When it was too late to verify these facts, I began to put them together, and weave out an opinion that my mother was an Arab her- self, and that from her I inherited my passion for poetry ; and I was about five years old, and her only child, when the first terrible blow fell upon me. The events of that fatal day left on my soul a wild sense of pain and terror, which I believe haunted my dreams for years. AFRICAN ROYALTY. 11 The hostile tribe of which I have spoken made a sudden march upon our town. The attack com- menced about daybreak, and they set fire to the houses on the side by which they entered. The blazing houses, the frantic, flying women, the men shouting, fighting, bleeding, falling, the red glare lighting up the court round which the houses of my mother and the other wives of the king were built, the blood, the shrieks, the rushing, whirl- ing horror of that hour are still Before me like a frightful dream. I remember, too, my mother snatching me up and urging me to ascend a high, thick-foliaged tree in the fruit-grove at the back of the king's council-hall. At a near tree another woman was trying to render the same office to another child. It was, perhaps, younger or less active than myself, for twice it fell back to the ground, and, before it could rise, some wild horse- men burst in with fearful shouts, and pierced them both with their long spears. Then some of our own Kashna horsemen rode in upon them, and, after a furious din, all seemed to me to vanish to- gether. Some groaning wretches, who lay around writhing in pools of blood, were all that I could see as I gazed down in an agony of terror 12 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. through the leaves. Presently a boy some years older, descended from another tree near mine, in which he had taken refuge, and stole away. I recollect nothing more of that dreadful morning until I was again at my mother's side. She lay on a mat, bathed in blood from a wound given her by the retreating enemy. The king had hastily collected his horse-guards and driven back the in- vaders. His people had rallied at his appearance and made a stand in the market-place, where the great bulk of the enemy had collected with their booty and prisoners, thinking the place entirely theirs. My father rescued his own " Children of Kashna," and made prisoners of the enemy col- lected in the market-place. He made prisoners of more than three hundred men with their arms and horses, besides the scattering ones taken by the men of Kashna, who, according to our customs, re- mained the slaves and private property of the cap- tors. When this work at the market-place was nearly over, there arose a loud and sudden cry for " The king ! the king !" in the direction of his own house, which was on the edge of the town on the side opposite to that burned by the enemy. My father rode there in answer to that cry. He AFRICAN ROYALTY. 13 found a party of horsemen, which, for some rea- son I never understood, had separated from the main body of the enemy, and was slaughtering right and left. Their object seemed to be to take and * sack the " Women's Court " of the king's house. Abdalla rushed upon them, and they fled before him beyond the town. He followed them until, being joined by more of their friends who had escaped from the fight in the market-place, the invaders turned and gave battle. The fatal javelin of destiny thrown from the hand of their chief, entered the king's side, and wounded him mortally, just as he raised his arm to transfix the nearest foe with his lance. Abdalla had saved Kashna, but he lost his own life. He was brought back a corpse, and buried like a brave chief in the middle of his own hall of council. The joyful shouts of the rescued peo- ple informed my bleeding mother that Kashna was saved from the enemy. Soon after, the wild death-chant, sounding over the whole town, and repeated from door to door by the inhabitants, warned her that the king, her husband, had fallen- in battle. She hastily sent to call an old Bush- .reen, named Hadji Ali, to receive the gift of me, 14 THJS PEINOE OF KASHNA. her only child, from her dying hands. It was a wise and tender thought in my loving mother, and I have often reflected in my riper years, that she must have been a superior woman, not only in her instruction, admitted by all as high above that of the black women around her, but in an infinitely finer and clearer moral tone. I remember the last scene with my dying mo- ther. She lay, scarcely able to speak, in the arms of a weeping slave, a woman from her Own coun- try, who bad been given to her by Abdalla on that account. She uttered a few words with dif- ficulty, in her native tongue, to this woman and to the Bushreen, Hadji Ali, who was kneeling on the other side of the mat, with his prayer-beads in his hands. Blood was on the door-posts, on the dresses of the women, on that of the old man, on mine, on every thing. It lay in pools in the court, and seemed to crowd against and sear my burning eyeballs. My mother kissed me fondly, as Fatma, her favorite slave, held me gently to her lips and breast. She charged me to obey the Bushreen in all things, to love him as a son, to kiss his hand and call him grand- father. I was taken to him by Fatma, and by AFRICAN ROYALTY. 15 her direction kneeled before him to kiss Ms hand and call him my grandfather. In reply to my sal- utation, he put his arms round me and called Alia to witness that I should be "the child of his soul, the treasure of his house." I threw my arms round his neck, and, as Fatma often told me, I fainted on his bosom, in the last agony of suffer- ing and excitement, protracted beyond my child- ish strength. This is the last that I can recall of the events of that trying time. My mother's face, calm, and to my eyes sweetly beautiful, as she lay in the repose of death, is more like a touching pic- ture tenderly remembered, than an actual bodily presence. After this there are three or four years nearly blank in my memory. My father's brother, Taleb ben Abu, succeeded him to the rule of Houssa. All that I ever saw of him was when he came to Kashna to collect his tribute of slaves and horses to complete a cafila, which he was preparing to send to the coast. I was then about eleven years old, and he made me a present of a horse of no great value, and an old slave worth still less. He tried to enhance the merits of these poor gifts, 16 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. by telling me the old horse was of some won- derful breed, and the old man was of my mother's country, and that he had been a slave in the house of the king, her father. I was old enough to think my uncle's gifts were too mean for an acknowledged nephew, but, to my present regret, I was not old enough to profit by the chance thus offered me to learn something about my mo- ther's country and kindred. The old man, who was in every way useless, asked for his freedom, and permission to go to another place where he had children living, and it was granted most will- ingly by Hadji Ali. Almost as soon as my uncle Taleb ben Abu departed from Kashna with his tribute of slaves, the old man he gave me left also, and we saw him no more. At that time I also heard Fatrna and Hadji Ali say to each other, that had my father only lived till then, I would be a richer and a grander prince than my uncle. They rejoiced greatly over the verses of the Ko- ran which I had repeated to my uncle. My own pride and vanity was also amazingly puffed up when I was able to read the Koran to him in the presence of all his officers. He had a hand- some copy of that sacred book, brought, they AFRICAN ROYALTY. 17 said, from Mecca itself, and bought at the price of ten camels. It was taken reverently out of its many infoldings, and held up on a kind of tray while I was reading it. Another circumstance assisted to swell my pride. Nobody but myself, no man or woman in Kashna, at least, was permitted to sit down while speaking to the king. I was allowed the honor of calling him Lord Father, and encour- aged to visit him every morning and evening while he remained in our town. Fatma declared and I believe it may be so that it was the next thing to proclaiming me as his son and heir. He had no children of his own, and -my father was the only full brother he ever had that is, brother both by father and mother. My adopted father said it was all owing to the fine education he had given me. " Your old grand- father (he always called himself by that title) has given you his eyes and his heart. He would give his life to make his Sidi MahmadeeP*a great prince. Your uncle the king cannot read the Koran may his wisdom increase but when I brought him my tribute, I said there was one of his blood who was able to read the Koran 18 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. and write charms of power out of its chosen verses strong spells for the safety of his person and the confusion of his enemies." " It is true, my father," said I, and I am conscious that I said it in grateful affection. " The king sent for me to read the Koran, but it was only when I recited the prayer for the in- crease of his greatness, which you had prepared for me, that he embraced me and called me his sou before all his chiefs." Learning t is such a rare possession, among even the Mahometan blacks, that one who can read the Koran, and especially a boy like me, is considered something superior to the common kind. The effect of this display of my learning was continued on me through life. It filled me with the desire the fever, I might say to ac- quire learning. The reading of the Koran was but a mechanical repetition of what my kind teacher and an excellent memory had piled up in my head, but I was proud of it beyond all bounds, and, from that 'time to this, I may say it has been a ruling desire with me to improve in knowledge. The affectionate Hadji All and my mother's AFRICAN ROYALTY. 19 slave Fatma now mine as my mother's heir fully shared in the pride of my success, and the people about us began to give me the title of king's son, all of which must have greatly in- flated my self-conceit, since I remember it so well. This bright summer ended, however, in dark clouds. My indulgent guardian had a large field outside of the town, in which, at certain seasons, he kept many slaves at work, and I was often sent to it, both on foot and on horseback, with messages to the laborers, or to have them bring home corn and grass, but never, that I can rec- ollect, was I set at any regular work. Coming back from the field, one day, in company with a slave of our house named Mattoo, who was a great coward besides being a great fool he startled me very suddenly by setting up a fright- ful yell and throwing himself on the ground, where he rolled and writhed as if in the ago- nies of death. I hurried off my horse to in- quire what ailed him. He only answered by re- newed contortions and a fresh outbreak of groans. It was near the town, and the road was full of people. They began to collect round Mattoo, and 2 20 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. I heard a woman exclaim, " The white man has cast a spell on him." I raised my head in sur- prise, and looked straight into the blue eyes of a white man. I was almost struck dumb -with fear and wonder. He sat on his horse, which he had brought close up to us, to learn the cause of these terrible outcries, and gazed at us as calmly as if he had no concern in causing them. He was dressed as any man of substance in Houssa might be on a journey. He wore a sort of umbrella hat over a turban, and a loose robe confined at the waist with a goatskin belt. All this was much of the style and make of what I had often seen on Hadji Ali, but it was his white face, and his blue eyes, and his beard so red and straight, that shocked me with their unnatural appearance. I had heard of white men, but never saw one before. Houssa is rich in wild tales of their magic arts, by which poor blacks are insnared and devoured in the white man's land. They have the honor to be regard- ed as sorcerers and cannibals in my country, but even the negroes have so many of the habits and ideas of a high civilization, that those of- fenses are less vile in their eyes than poverty. AFRICAN ROYALTY/ 21 I saw the white sorcerer sit calmly on his horse, attended by two Houssa men leading baggage beasts and mildly inquiring for the Kashna mar- ket-place, and my fright abated. He did not speak in the Houssa tongue, but in the language of my mother's country, which I had learned to speak of my mother and Fatma, which few in Kashna besides Hadji Ali and those of his house could understand. I recovered myself so far as to salute the stranger in respectful terms, and offer to conduct him into the town. I ordered Mattoo, with a great parade of authority, to ban- ish his cowardly fears, and keep the people from crowding too close upon the "Lord Magician." It was the grandest title I could think of, and it served better, perhaps, than any other to define his position honorably in Kashna. His interpreter brought orders from my uncle the king to the captain of Kashna to take care of the stranger and convey him safely, with all his goods, to some place in the direction of the Great River, when they were to have some important business together, though what it was I never thought of inquiring. The captain of Kashna was a round, laughing, 22 TH^ PKINCE OF KASHNA. talking, kindly negro, as I remember very well, but he was horribly at a loss what to do with this distinguished visitor, and begged hard of Hadji Ali to take him into his house. It was one of the best in town, large and well kept of that I have a lively recollection but my guardian was not in good health, and he positively refused to receive him. Hadji Ali was a man of too much consequence to be forced out of his way, and so, to my own great personal disappointment, the "white sorcerer" was lodged elsewhere. The people crowded upon him to stare and beg, but few or none offered him any kindness. I was even reproached for my too respectful con- duct toward him, when I waited upon him into the town. Many of the women predicted that a spell was upon me, and that death or some other great misfortune would "overcome my strength." My adopted father, however, defended me. He said : " The stranger who comes in peace to your door is sacred. The Koran forbids that he shall be robbed or insulted." That kind, just, generous old man was always inculcating, by -deeds as well as words, charity and humanity. He daily re- proved- the inhumanity to beasts and slaves, which AFRICAN ROYALTY. 23 is the common sin of the poor and ignorant in Houssa as well as in Christendom. This stranger only stayed two or three days at Kashna, but while he was there he made us a visit, and gave me a small round looking-glass, such as the richest youths of Houssa were proud to wear as medals, when they were able to buy them of the traders, who brought them up from the coast. He talked with Hadji Ali about his pilgrimage to Mecca, from which he derived the name or title of Hadji, which signifies one who has made the sacred pilgrimage. They had both seen wonderful things, and I longed to travel as far and know as much of those distant countries as they did. The " White Lord," as my adopted father and the captain of Kashna called him, left us some medicines to bring back the lost appetite and strength of Hadji Ali, and he soon recovered his usual health. Other people in Kashna received medicines also though not half as many as had begged for them yet among those who received and those who were refused them, almost all the Mahometans, in fact, blamed my poor godfather for using the gifts of the white sorcerer. The people of Houssa are not all Mahometans per- 24: THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. haps the larger portion worship their Fetish idols and practice Obiah but this class had nothing to say against medicines, charms, sorcery, or the devil-worship imputed to the whites ; it was all in their own line of faith. The Mahometans had been taught that idols and sorcery were forbid- den things, and a white man and his medicines were, they said, too much like magic to Be proper and wholesome for a priest and pilgrim of the true faith. The Hadji felt this popular censure so severely that he resolved to abandon Kashna without delay. There was also something, which I never fully understood, that he feared from my uncle on my account, and, having decided to de- part from Kashna, he pressed his arrangements as rapidly though, also, as privately as he could manage them, for a change of residence. THE FATAL JOURNEY. 25 CHAPTER II. THE FATAL JOUENEY. ON the death of my father, Abdalla, his brother Taleb who was then a tributary chief on the confines of Houssa came to Kashna with five hundred horsemen, and took possession of every thing belonging to his predecessor, even to his surviving wives. They were both young men. I being then only five years old was the oldest son of Abdalla. This must have been the customary course, since I never heard it spoken against by my friends. Neither custom nor com- mon sense would permit a child to succeed to the chieftainship of such a barbarous country; and when my mother's private property, consist- ing of some slaves, a few horses, and a flock of sheep, were handed over to the guardian she had appointed for me, my uncle was probably con- sidered to have done his whole duty by his orphan nephew. He never lived at Kashna, and 26 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. I am told only made that one visit there of which I have spoken, after the time in which he came into power. He had his residence at three days' distance, in a region famous for fine horses and a great abundance of 'sheep and goats. Hadji Aii took the entire charge of me from the day and hour of my mother's death. He was a tender and careful parent to me, and kindly with everybody. In his character of a priest who could read the Koran, and a pilgrim who had kissed the sacred stone of Mecca, he was much respected, and had made many converts. He had a school in which all who chose to come were instructed to read and recite verses from the inspired book of Mahomet, but none was so closely and continually taught as myself. I was apt in tracing the Arabic figures, and in this I particularly pleased him. " O son of my heart," he would exclaim, " you are born to be a king ; and when that happy day arrives, you will bless the name of old Hadji Ali for giving you all this learning." Yet he often talked fondly of his native village near the sea. He said but for the love he bore me he would go there to end his days, as he had enough to support him in ease THE FATAL JOUKNET. 27 the rest of his life. Still he continued to re- side at Kashna, engaged in many schemes of trade. In one case, if not more, he was con- cerned in a kafila bound to Morocco. He dealt largely in horses and slaves, as every one who can does in Africa. I remember that one of the reproaches cast against the white magician after he left Kashna was that he would not buy any slaves. He was an unprofitable visitor, as well as a suspicious one, in the eyes of the whole town, but the good old Bushreen never had a word against him to the last. His richer scholars began to fall off about this time, and even the poor men, who used to pay for their instruction and for the beautiful verses from the Koran, which they were so happy to have him paint over their doors in blue letters by working for him in the field, began to fall off too, and talk, like their betters, of the scandal of a true be- liever using the cures and charms of a white magician. They asked him whether his medi- cines had not given him a longing for hog-flesh, and some even hinted that a faithful follower of the Prophet, like my uncle, might have some- thing better to do than putting a king's son un- 2* 28 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. der the charm of one who had looked so close into the homes of the evil spirits that his beard was scorched by their fires. The white stranger had a reddish beard, and the color was thus ac- counted for in Kashna. The Hadji finally lost all heart, and told his neighbors that he was no longer able to work his land. He therefore sold it for a hundred slaves, to make a venture in a kafila then preparing to start for the coast. My impression is that houses and lands are general- ly computed by slave-values throughout the in- terior of Africa. There was an immensity of palaver and trafficking before the bargain was completed, for it was no small transaction for Kashna, but it was settled at last, to my intense delight. I had now passed six years the most easy, cheerful, and abundant period of my life, with my kind godfather. The Mahometans have that sa- cred form of relation as well as Christians, and observe its obligations quite as scrupulously at least mine did. Young as I was at this time, Hadji Ali be- stowed upon me a surprising share of confidence. He told me that he should not sell his house at THE FATAL JOURNEY. 29 all, though it was one of the best in the town, "as it would open all the mouths in Kashna." He left it in charge of Fatma, with a gift of her freedom, and particularly recommended to her care the old horse so magnificently presented to me by my uncle, the king. It was making my slave the gift of the house as well as her freedom, but he did not choose to let her know that exactly, though he had confided to me his intention never to return to Houssa. He had before asked me whether I would not rather go to my uncle than accompany him to the coast. I replied, with all the warmth of sincerity, that I would run away and fly to him if he left me behind. He em- braced me, with tears in his eyes, and answered that nothing remained then to do but finish our preparations with as little display as possible, and join the caravan at the last moment. It was known in Kashna that Hadji Ali was going toward the coast with the kafila, in which he had so large an interest, and arrangements were made accordingly, but it was given out and gen- erally believed that I would make but one day's journey to a walled town belonging to my uncle, and there remain with a friend of the Bushreen, 30 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. to see a great fair. The king was expected to attend this fair, and it was reported that he had ordered Hadji AH to bring me there, and deliver me into the charge of one of his captains, in order that I might begin my military training as be- came a king's son. We joined the kafila so far as to keep it constantly in full view, before it had made two miles of the journey. What a noisy confusion of men and animals it was, and how I revelled in the tumult and action of the day ! At night we camped under the walls of a large town, and there we were informed that the king had detected and punished with terrible severity some conspiracy against his life, and that, among others, the captain of his guards the man to whom I was ordered to be delivered had been put to death. No one appeared to claim me, for my uncle had other things more important than me to occupy him just then. The fair was not to open in a week, in which time we should be in the ter- ritory of another prince, and I out of my uncle's reach ; so Hadji Ali and I went on our way rejoicing. Why he was so anxious to slip me away with him I never exactly knew, but he was such a true and affectionate friend, and so calm THE FATAL JOURNEY. 31 and considerate in forming his opinions, that I was sure he had good reasons for his distrust of my uncle. I knew that he expected me to return to Houssa and reign there when I should be a strong and learned man, but said he would be too old to go back with me, at least all the way, he would add, but he never should cease to pray for my advancement to my father's place. We had traveled with that caravan, about ten days, as nearly as I can judge, when my kind godfather was taken sick. He held out a day or two, until we reached a large walled town called Medinet, when he grew so much worse that he was obliged to leave the kafila. He exchanged many of his slaves for ivory, and sent others on with the chief of the caravan, besides keeping about twenty men and women with us, as well as most of our horses and other animals. We hired a very comfortable house in Medi- net, and a piece of ground not far from the gate, which the Bushreen set his slaves to culti- vate directly, as he did not know how long we might remain here besides, we had the camels and the oxen to feed. Hadji Ali had plenty of 32 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. money and goods, and we used to buy grass and corn at first ; but it was not many months be- fore we had raised some of our own. The weak- ness of the old man continued longer than he expected, and, the rainy season coming on, we sold the beasts of burden, and Hadji made up his mind to remain where we were at any rate, till after the water should have abated. As he could not bear to be idle, he opened school again at Medinet, and got a great many scholars of both sexes. He was the gentlest and most ami- able creature that ever lived to instruct children such patience and perseverance I never saw surpassed ; his happiness consisted in teaching, in beholding the improvement of his pupils, and in their merry and joyful society. He was as fond of romping and playing as any of the boys and girls, and had always some winning way of en- gaging the minds of even the most stupid to attend to his lessons. The rainy season was over at last. The waters had subsided, and Hadji Ali, being again in tol- erable health, determined to take the first oppor- tunity of continuing his journey to his native home. I do not mention the name of the place, THE FATAL JOURNEY. 33 for, as I never reached it, I am not positive what it was. It was my destiny to be torn away from the old man upon the route. At the close of the rains we joined a smaller, and a much more disorderly kafila than the one in which, almost a year before, we had left Kash- na. Hadji All from that time always said we, in speaking of our arrangements, and he often reminded me that I was his heir, and that if any thing happened to him on the journey, I must claim, as my right, all the property he left. " You will need all I can leave you, Sidi Mahmadee," he used to say affectionately. "You cannot return to your own country without plen- ty of presents for the king and the head men ; remember that." While we were at Medinet, the chief merchants of our Kashna party returned from the coast or wherever our slaves had been sold and accounted for them entirely to Hadji All's satisfaction. They brought him what I now know were coarse European prints, but of very showy patterns, together with some powder and several muskets. He bought a fine-looking pair of horseman's pistols and a gay saddle-cloth of a merchant, who declared that he had given three 34: THE FRINGE OF KASHNA. fine Blaves and an elephant's tooth for them to the captain of a great ship on the coast. There was still more chaffer over that purchase than we had over the sale of the land at Kashna, and this time I watched the proceedings with an even keener interest, for my kind godfather publicly avowed that these articles were for me, and bought with my own slaves. After the business was con- cluded, he ftad a great supper prepared at our house for all the Houssa merchants, and then, to my unbounded discontent, those great horse-pis- tols and that fine horse-housing was, with much ceremony, delivered to them, as a present from me to my uncle the king. The cunning Bushreen made a flourishing speech about his and my de- sire to prepare myself to be of service to him. The father of Kashna, he said, had placed this be- loved child of his own blood under his, the Bush- reen's, charge, to be instructed in the true faith, and we were now at Medinet learning wisdom; but after the rainy season, which was now near, had passed, we would strive to obtain other pres- ents still more worthy a great king, and take them to him in his own city. The loss of these grand things afflicted me sorely for a time, but THE FATAL JOURNEY. 35 my godfather consoled me, after a while, by the present of a light gun, and plenty of liberty to shoot wild-fowl with it for the rest of our stay at Medinet. He also made me comprehend somewhat of his motives in sending back such a valuable pres- ent to Houssa, and I still think, as I thought then, that he was one of the best and wisest men in my native Africa. Every ne at Medi- net loved and respected him, and when we de- parted with the caravan, I am sure we were loaded with more presents for our use on the journey, than any one of their own citizens. It was during our residence there that I first began to think with real appreciation of the old man's fond and faithful cares, and to lay to heart his religious precepts. He often said that the spirit of my mother should never reproach him for neg- lecting the child she had committed to his care. Whatever Mahometans in general may say about the souls of women, Hadji Ali taught me to believe that the spirit of my mother constant- ly watched over me. While we were getting ready for the kafila, I one day rode my horse very hard, and then, from boyish forgetfulness, 36 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. left him standing in the court all night without food and water. My godfather reproved me with more mildness than I deserved, and I have not yet forgotten the pain it caused me when he said, with solemn sincerity, " Your good angel is angered at such cruelty, and your mother covers her face with shame for you. Her spirit can suf- fer no pain except what the child of her bosom causes her by his sins." These were lessons I could never w^learn, and when, in after days, my Christian teachers attacked them, all their efforts to make me 'forget only branded them deeper in my heart. At length all was ready, and we were well started on our road with the kafila. "We were finely mounted, and had three house-slaves with us two men and a woman that we had brought from Kashna for personal servants, besides the slaves for sale and those in charge of our loaded beasts. "We traveled, of course, very slowly, for we had to comply with the pace of the kafila. The country around us was beautiful; and, so directly after the rains, it was fresh and ver- dant. We were entering a more hilly and heavily timbered country than we had seen this side of THE FATAL JOURNEY. 37 Medinet, and we often lost sight of the caravan, as it wound itself, like a* long snake, into the narrow wooded turns of the steep hills, but never for more than an hour or so at the longest. It was a careless habit, that cost me long years of bondage ; what it cost my dear old father I never could learn. In passing a defile in the Kong mountains, for some occasion or other, we were in the rear of the kafila, which was to have encamped, if I remember right, at the outlet of it. The old man had seated himself on a rock, and our two horses were fastened together by the bridles. The slaves were in advance with the rest of the kafila, and I had clambered up the side of a precipice to gather some blue flowers which grew out of the face of the rock. I sang and shouted in the mere excess of boyish spirits; and, being so high upon the preci- pice, I thought I might venture to the summit. Unhappy venture ! I had no sooner reached that, than a stout man, who had been lying there, crouched like a lion among the bushes, sprang upon me, threw me down, out of breath as I was with my exertion, and, before I could cry out, stuffed my mouth so full of grass that I was 38 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA nearly strangled. I believe I fainted away, for, on coming to myself I found my hands and feet tied, and I could discover, by the glimmering of the sun through the trees which surrounded us, that it was getting very late in the day. I im- mediately began to supplicate the ruffian who had thus seized me, to restore me to my father, Hadji Ali, who I told him was rich, and would give him two slaves for me in a moment, or goods to the amount of two slaves, or three slaves, or any thing he could ask, so he would but restore me. Alas! I pleaded in vain;, he either under- stood me not, or affected not to understand me, and answered in a language which was new to me. He kept me in the bushes till dark, and then took me away from the course we had been pursuing, and led me to the north, and then to the west. It is of no use now to describe the sufferings I endured in mind and body. I was all but broken-hearted, and yet I believe I grieved more, if possible, for the loss which I knew that Hadji Ali had sustained, than for my own indi- vidual wretchedness. I had been ever of a re- ligious turn of mind, and I really thought I should in some way be restored to my beloved guardian. THE FATAL JOURNEY. 39 To be thus carried off into slavery was too hor- rible to be accepted as a fixed fact. We traveled all night through woods, amid the bowlings of lions and hyenas, and in the morning fell in with two ivory hunters, who had an ass loaded with elephants' teeth, and were marching, like my new master, to the westward ; I was exchanged for this beast and his load. The robber who had made prize of me returned by the course we had come, and my new- masters conducted me toward the Foulah country. I was marched from town to town, and passed through at least six pair of hands in the course of the four or five months that elapsed, before I found myself on the sea-shore. There I was sold to a man who had much to do with the large slave- dealers in the supply of provisions, I am inclined to think, for he owned himself few or no slaves. He spoke Hous&a, and told me he should bring me up to his own business whatever that was and promised me plenty to eat. After a long stretch he sent me back into the yard to get some supper, repeating that he liked my looks, and that my last master said I was such a good boy that he never had to tie or beat me. That 40 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. was true of him, at any rate, and, thanking him with my best Kashna obeisance, I went back to ask some food of a woman who was bending over her cookery under a rear shed. I touched her shoulder, and, as she turned, respectfully opened the way by saying that our master had sent me to assist her and get something to eat. She answered by springing to her feet, and call- ing out, " The king's son ! the king's son !" The master ran to the door, on hearing these words, and asked what it meant. I threw myself at his feet, told my story, and begged him to return me to Hadji Ali. The young woman told him who I was, that she had known me in Kashna, and that my uncle had given to me the robe and sash, only allowed to a king's son, together with the customary horse and slave for my own ser- vice, and much more that I cannot remember. " Is there any one here who will buy him, Tatee ?" he inquired very seriously. The girl said, any merchant from Kashna would give a strong man, or two strong men, for me, to take me back to my rich godfather, who would return three slaves and any amount of presents, to any one who would " bring back to him the joy of his eyes." THE FATAL JOURNEY. 41 My new master searched the market, but no merchant of Kashna could be found, nor was any one anxious to buy me when it was discovered that Hadji Ali had left Kashna with me, and was no one knew where. So this momentary gleam of hope faded away, and left me in deeper despondency than ever. Tatee tried to cheer me, by predicting that Hadji would search for me all along the coast, until he found and redeemed me. Alas ! neither of us had any idea of the vast ex- tent of the slave-coast of Africa. But even had there been a reasonable foundation for such a hope, we were doomed to be cut off from its faintest shadow by a new misfortune. I had been about three days with my last negro master, when, as we sat comforting each other with projects for getting back to Kashna, Tatee was called away, and, to my surprise and uneasiness, she did not return in all the after- noon. I at last ventured to make inquiries, and was horror-struck to hear that she had been sent to the barracoon, or slave-pen, to be confined until she should be shipped with the rest of the live cargo on board a slave-ship in the offing. The barracoon was not far from my master's house, 42 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. and I flew to see her, without waiting for my master's permission. Poor Tatee shed tears with me. My master had exchanged her for me, but she did not know she was thus disposed of until she was brought to the slave-pen, to be "put on the string" with a number of other girls, among whom were several from Houssa. She ad- vised me to try hard for my liberty, and hinted that those of our tongue would all attempt some- thing together, and then would help me to es- cape, if I would join them. Tatee was a brave girl, and she contrived, on the very same night, to get herself loosed from the chain in which she was bound with a great many others, and then hurried to my master's to help liberate me. She tempted me to run away. I was alone, the only slave of the person who had obtained a claim upon me, and I slept in the same hut with him he lying at the door. Had I been a few years older, or had I then known that I, too, was marked for the slave-ship, I might have been more desperate and resolute. It was ne- cessary to kill my tyrant, as he lay across the doorway, and, not daring to do this, he surprised me in the very moment of my stepping over him, THE FATAL Jo UK NEY. 43 the girl holding out her arms, as it were, to re- ceive me after I should have passed this bar- rier to my liberty. I was armed, too, but I had not the heart to shed his blood, even when he seized me by the leg, and threw me down. I returned him his own dagger directly, which I had taken from him in his sleep, and begged of him, as a favor, that he would plunge it into my heart. But that was a sacrifice which he had no notion of making. He did not punish me for my mad attempt ; on the contrary, he was grateful to me for his life, and declared that if he could afford it, he would have made me free. He even shed tears when he had secured me, and said I was a good boy, a kind-hearted boy, and he wished he had not given the girl for me, that it went against his heart to ship me off, after I had renounced my liberty rather than kill him. Then he bemoaned Tatee, and wanted to make the exchange back again, little thinking it was this poor thing who had set me upon the attempt. Finding her project had failed, she returned at once to her companions, and gave up, for the moment, her plans for de- camping. She formed other schemes for escap- 44 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. ing, and assured me, with tears in her eyes, that she would get both of us back to our country, if I would only be resolute and assist her. But alas ! the schemes of poor Tatee were all in vain. When the slave-ship was ready to sail my*- fate was decided, and I was finally handed over to a white man for I know not what scarlet cloth and rum, I think. This white man took me on board a ship, with a great many more slaves, three hundred at least, men, women, boys, and girls ; and if I had any consolation in this misery, it was that poor Tatee was in the same ship with me. Yet for some time I scarcely saw any thing of her, the men being confined in one part of the vessel, and the females in another. No pen can over-paint the horrors of a slave in a full-freighted slave-ship. Crowded to suffo- cation, sea-sick, manacled, leaving behind him all that he knows of hope and delight, his native land and his friends, with no prospect but that of captivity in a strange country except, indeed, that many of us thought we were going to be eaten by the whites I only wonder how the poor slave lives through the voyage. Many of our cargo died under the complicated sufferings THE FATAL JOURNEY. 45 of which it consists disease, stench, filth, dirt, bad diet, confinement, and low spirits. Some died of despair, and three, as I can well remember, threw themselves overboard, when it came to their turn to be allowed the fresh air on the deck. But I was young, and hoped on instinct- ively. The captain of the ship took a liking to me when he found I had been rich and free in my own country, as I could prove by my coun- try marks on my breast, as well as by the tes- timony of Tatee and three or four others on board, who knew Hadji Ali very well ; at least they knew he was a priest and a merchant in Kashna, and they remembered that he had adopt- ed the son of the late king. I presume the quiet, respectful manners taught me by my good old godfather may his ashes have rest ! disposed our captain to mercy. He allowed me the lib- erity of the deck and exempted me from man- acles. These were privileges only enjoyed by a few of the most orderly women, and Tatee was among them. I was so grateful that I thanked the captain with tears, of joy when he beckoned to Tatee to come and sit under the awning with me. She, like myself, loved to talk of the place 4:6 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. we came from in Houssa, and we spoke the same language, which was very different from that spoken by many others of the slaves, some of whom came from Senegal and Gambia, and were Mandingoes. The captain was very kind to Tatee, for my sake, I believe. He gave her some- thing to wear and a necklace of glass beads ; but the conduct of the officers on board the ship toward some of the women slaves was very far from decent ; and what was worse, the girls them- selves seemed, careless of decency. The most impressive event of this terrible voyage was a battle with a French privateer. Our ship was well armed, having twelve guns, and she had a large crew of white men. The captain set all sail, but the Frenchman set all his canvas, and came sweeping down upon us with a three-colored flag flying at his mizen-peak. The ship, however, was cleared for action, and the rest of the slaves on deck at the time were or- dered below. I was young, but I was, or rather had been, indiflerent about life, since I had lost my liberty, and I felt, I cannot describe what it was, a reckless idea of throwing myself in the way of any change. I remained on deck, took THE FATAL JOURNEY. 47 my station beside a water-cask that stood at the foot of the main-mast, and waited to see what these white men would do to one another. The Frenchman had the wind of us, and came up rapidly with us, firing his bow-chasers at our stern three or four times, without doing any great mischief. The shot flew over us, except one, which went through the main-sail. The fire was returned from our stern guns, and the cap- tain himself took a musket, which he carried while he gave his orders. We had a netting to prevent the enemy from boarding ; and the sail- ors' hammocks were stowed at the bottom of it, so as to afford a bulwark for the men to fire from. There was a young gentleman on board, and he too came on deck with arms in his hands. He beckoned to me to come and stand beside him, giving me also a musket. I knew well how to use it. The privateer was, by this time, so near that her bowsprit almost came over our taffrail, and some of the Frenchmen were crowd- ing forward to board us, upon which our cap- tain himself putting down the helm, our ship ran up into the wind, and the enemy fell about fifty or sixty yards to leeward. At this moment 48 THE PRINCE OF she opened her fire from four or five guns, which, to my ears, made an imposing battle-thunder. The shot from one of them went through the water-cask against which I had leaned before the young gentleman called me away. We returned the fire from our larboard guns, and the French- man put down his helm in like manner, and passed under our stern, giving us a volley of musketry at the moment of passing, for his deck was crowded with men. One of their bullets struck the young gentleman in the throat, as he was in the act of firing his own musket. He fell first against me, and then reeled toward the captain, who caught him in his arms, although he was nearly knocked down by his weight. The youth was killed; the captain laid him gen. tly on the deck, and immediately discharged his own musket into the privateer, calling out at the same time to his crew to animate them : he fired a pistol also, which he had in a belt, at a man who had lifted his head above the privateer's bulwarks. He then bade me follow him into his cabin, where, with the assistance of five or six other men, we fired two carronades, which were there, loaded with grape-shot. They were either THE FATAL JOURNEY. 49 eighteen or twenty-four pounders. He pointed them accurately, and they did most dreadful ex- ecution, as we learned afterward. When we returned to the deck, the privateer was sheering off, and we soon lost sight of her. The cap- tain was in great distress for his friend; and I felt much, that such a kind, nice young gen- tleman should have come to this sudden end. For my own part, I was at first indifferent about my life but after firing the carronades, and hear- ing the shrieks, I began to be alarmed, and was quite glad to see the Frenchman sheer off. My master spoke highly of me, and said I was a brave fellow. I did not tell him that I was a coward perhaps I was not but I did not like fighting, of that I am convinced. We sailed di- rectly to Carlisle Bay, in Barbadoes, to repair our damages, and, while we were there, a ship came in with part of the crew of the privateer. They had been put on board of a prize, which the privateer had made the day after our fight, and had been retaken by an English schooner. They gave a dreadful account of the mischief they and their ship had sustained. The first of the car- ronades killed eleven men, the second nine. We 50 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. staid but three days at Barbadoes, and then sailed for Kingston, in Jamaica, where we arrived in the month of March, 1806. IN JAMAICA. 51 CHAPTER III. IN JAMAICA. As soon as we had cast our anchor in the harbor, several persons came on board the ship to look at the human cargo, and perhaps select slaves. The ship had been well cleaned and scrubbed in Carlisle Bay, though not before it wanted such cleaning, for it was dreadful even to me to go among the slaves below. They had shaved our heads, and given us all a thorough purification, so that, when we came upon deck, we did not look so miserable as might have been expected. Most of the men were still chained, notwithstanding, two or three together, by the legs. The women had each a cotton handkerchief given them for the sake of decency, and so had the men ; but the boys were all exhibited naked to those persons who examined us. Some of the slaves had all along entertained a notion that they were to be eaten upon their arrival, and when they saw the white men come upon deck, and handle them 52 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. all over, their fears became more active, and many trembled with fright. This examination, notwith- standing the white men laughed with them, and, to my mind, seemed good-natured, filled many of them with feelings of horror. Among the visitors on board there was one old man, with a large white hat, and spectacles on his nose, who fixed upon six girls, who came all from Houssa, and said he should buy them. They were a part of thirteen who came from the same country, all girls, and they had sev- eral boys and four men of their company, all speak- ing the same language, and generally known to one another before we sailed. These wished, naturally enough, to be purchased by the same old man a wish in which I did not exactly share, however, for his face did not please me at all. But -every other thought was swallowed up in the dread of being separated from Tatee. She was like a mother to me, and the choice of any particular master, or even the recollection that a life of slavery was be- fore both of us, scarcely entered my young mind : it was absorbed with the fear of losing her. The old man passed by Tatee, to my instant relief, and said he wanted no more than the six girls he had selected. They were all young and good-looking, IN JAMAICA. 53 and I own I was shocked and altogether disgusted to see a white man handle my country-women as he did, a Kafir, a Christian ! I had then hardly got rid of that prejudice against the white men which had so much affected the health and happiness of Hadji Ali, and perhaps had indirectly brought about the catastrophe to which I owed my present situation. This old buckra turned them round and round, to see that they were sound of body, and his eyes twinkled through his spectacles like stars in a mist over his bargain. But I shall say no more of him, except that he bought the girls and one boy. This lad was brother to one of them, and whom the merchant on shore compelled him to take, or he would not have let him become the purchaser of the boy's sister. They were landed at dusk in the evening, and I have seen no more of them to this day. the next morning, the great body of slaves were sent on shore and lodged in a large place, where many people came to see the fresh cargo of slaves, and choose those that they wanted to buy from among us. Meanwhile we were allowed to amuse ourselves, as we had done on board ship, with African plays and games. We were well fed, 54 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. and everybody seemed kind to ns. They looked kindly and spoke good-naturedly, even while they were examining us limb by limb. The whole cargo was quickly disposed of, and it was my lot to be sold to a planter from Westmoreland, who bought Tatee. Tatee, and four or five others from Houssa, were kept together in one lot or rather bought to- gether with some more men from other parts of Africa, by this Westmoreland gentleman. The captain was in looking at us, when that gentleman came in to select a lot of hands for his cane-fields. I saw by the' captain's manner that he recom- mended the Houssa party to his notice. These, one after another, were examined, stepped aside, and given to understand this was their master. When Tatee was accepted she crossed her arms, and, with a pleased and thankful air, bowed low before him in the fashion of our country. The gentleman smiled pleasantly, and my eyes followed him with anxious looks, imploring to be taken also. The cap- tain turned his eyes on me, and, I am sure, said something in my favor, but the gentleman only shook his head, and my heart sank within me. He did not want to buy children, and I was but about twelve years of age. Moved by my silent tears, IN JAMAICA. 55 Tatee ventured to kneel at his feet and ask him to buy me too. ^ He thought a while, and then he did so instantly. Without any more words, he pointed me to go to the place where the rest of his pur- chases were gathering into a knot by themselves, and, taking my hand, he put it into Tatee's, saying, as I was told by our interpreter : " There, Quashe- ba, as he is not your brother, I suppose he is your sweetheart." Tatee was four or five years older than I was, and sensible and steady beyond her years. She had, too, a prompt and cheerful man- ner, and was, in all ways, a smart, active, willing girl. We found a kind master in Mr. Davis, and he found in us servants worth all the money we cost him. The captain of the ship came to see me the day after, and gave me a pistole. He gave another to Tatee, shook hands with us, and wished us all well, saying, at the same time, that our master was a rich man, and very humane to his slaves. I was furnished with a coarse linen frock and a black hat, as were all the other males. The women had short dresses given them, and handkerchiefs to wear on their heads. We were in all twenty, six of the party girls; and we had three negroes from the 56 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. plantation in Westmoreland to take care of us, and conduct us there. Two of these negroes had mules, the other was on foot, and they had all three cut- lasses. We walked the first day two and two, that is to say, the men did, handcuffed to one another. The women and I were at large. In the evening the buckra, our new master, met us, and gave us in charge to the overseer of an estate on the road, where we were put into their hospital to sleep, hav- ing first of all plenty to eat, and some rum and water to drink. The interpreter gave us a long lecture before we left Kingston, on the folly of running away, and the impossibility of escaping, even if we attempted it. We were told that no ships went back to Af- rica, except by first going to England that no- body dared to take us off the island, and that if we ran into the woods, we should starve, even if the free maroons (to whom a reward was paid for every negro they brought in) did not catch us. On the other hand, we were told that we should be well fed and clothed, have houses of our own, and lands for ourselves, and only be made to work for our master nine hours a day out of twenty-four. I, for one, had no thought of running away. IN JAMAICA. 57 After being so many weeks at sea, the sight of the green earth was too sweet and pleasant. We had been sold and resold most of my companions had been slaves in their own country, and hunger and hard work were no novelty to them. Beside, where could we run to ? in a strange land, without friends, or arms, or tools ! Another negro from the estate where we passed the night could speak in our tongue, and he encouraged us greatly by his ac- counts of the country. The second day only half the slaves were handcuffed at a time. After that we all walked at large, and I believe none of us once contemplated running away. We were about a week on the journey, always well taken care of, and we walked with comparatively light hearts, after what we had suffered in Africa upon our march to the sea. For my part, I thought the worst was over. Everybody spoke to .and looked kindly on us. The slaves on the estates through which we passed seemed well fed, happy, and cheer- ful. They talked to us, some of them in our native languages, and they had ever something good- natured to say. There was one thing which troub- led me, however, and that was the sound of a whip cracking, which I heard now and then, as 58 THE PKINCE OF K AS UNA. we passed a gang of negroes at work; and we saw once a man, who was laid on his face on the ground, while a driver flogged him with a long lash fastened to a little stick. He flogged the man very hard, and blood followed every stroke. This man called out to us, in a rage, " to see what we should come to," and the driver, at the direc- tion of a white man, who was standing by, added, that we certainly should come to it, if we turned out to be thieves and liars like him. I had seen and heard plenty of cruelty in Africa before that, but it always sickened me then as it did now in Jamaica. At last we arrived at my master's estate, and to my eyes all about it seemed grand and pleasant. Busy, bright faces of our own color greeted us on every side, and we were as well received by every- body as if .we had come home from a journey to friends and relations. All the negroes crowded round us, and spoke kindly to us, and asked after their acquaintances in different parts of Africa. I mean, of course, those who, like ourselves, had crossed the water. Many of our fellow-slaves were Creoles; indeed, the greater number by far were natives, and spoke none of our languages. IN JAMAICA. 59 We were distributed among the most trusted ser- vants, who seemed to contend, before our master and his overseer, to have the keeping of us, prom- ising to do this and that for us, to adopt us for their children, and teach us all we should have to do. I was consigned to the care of Pompey, an African, about forty years of age, who was my master's head waiting-man. He had been brought, like myself, from Africa (Bambarra), at a very ten- der age, and though he had two wives he had no son, one of them having only a daughter, and the other no child alive. Pompey treated me very well. I had to work in his grounds for him, besides doing light work on the plantation, such as weeding the cane-pieces and Guinea-grass, driving mules, and. other jobs, which were no hardship. I lived well, Pompey always supplying me with plantains, or cocoas, or yams, which his wife Myrtilla cooked for me, with salt fish, and sometimes fresh fish, and we had very often fowls and pork, and rum and water enough. Then I w"as not required to do any night work. I had plenty of sleep, and every evening, after the day's work, the rest of the new negroes, and sometimes myself, would get together and 60 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. dance and sing, and sometimes tell stories of our own country. On Saturday nights all the negroes on the estate used to have a dance, with goombays and other musical instruments. My master always spoke kindly to me when he came into the field where I was at work, and his wife was universally beloved by everybody, white and black. My mistress seldom saw or spoke to me, but it was the desire and dream of my life to be taken into the great house and live in her own personal service. Could Tatee and I but enter that para- dise, I thought I should be perfectly happy. Tatee was not so ambitious for this honor, but told me to be careful to obey my master, and be always ready to oblige my fellow-servants, and it would come to pass for me at least, if not for her ; but my own wish and hope was that both might be called under the immediate orders of my master and mistress. The day after I arrived upon the estate, my master offered me a new name, as I suppose he did not like Mahmadee. I knew but little English yet, though I could understand what he meant. He said we were the second lot he had bought, and we were all to be called by names beginning IN JAMAICA. 61 with a B. There was Bradwell and Belton, Bob, Bogle, and several other B's, Bonaparte and Bac- chus. He mentioned Bacchus last, so I repeated the name, and Bacchus I was put down in the slave-book, a native of Kashna, in Houssa, aged twelve or thirteen years. Tatee was called Beauty, but at the request of my mistress, who had heard, no doubt, of my poor shipmate's regard for me, she was called" Ariadne as well. For my part, Bacchus was as good to me as any other name, especially as I was to live among persons who were of another religion, though it seemed to me as if they had no religion at all. I never saw any- body pray for months after I was settled on the estate. Of course I did not know what was going on in the Great House, as I never went beyond the kitchen or hall door ; I only know that among the negroes, and at the overseer's house, I never saw a single being go on his knees, nor did any of that set go to the church, which was not above three miles off. There were other Mahometans beside myself on the estate, but they never said any of the five prayers those of our faith ought to repeat daily. They told me they would soon get flogged up again if they were to fall down upon 62 THE PRINCE OF K AS UNA. their faces to pray, instead of minding their work, and that all the rest of the negroes on the estate would laugh at them. One of these said it was of no use for a slave to pray. If God had put his eye upon a black man to make him a slave, he could not shake off his spell till he died, although he should pray ten times a day. However, I did not find the condition of a slave so intolerable as I had expected, and this absence of religion was at first a relief to me, rather than a subject of com- plaint, for Hadji Ali, with all his kindness, used to be very rigid, and made his scholars always attend most punctually to the prayers and to the fasts enjoined by our religion. Perhaps he was a little too fond of preaching to us. that we should go to hell for this and that, and, more than all, for the least want of faith. Here I heard nothing about faith, or hell, or fire, or the evil spirit, except when people were angry and swore. The men and wo- men lived as they liked, after they had done their work, and seemed not to be accountable to any- body for their conduct, so long as they were peace- able, and did not rob one another, or their master. Yet I often thought of the spirit of my mother, and sometimes dreamed of her and often of Kashna. I N J A M A I C A . 63 The deep impression of the old Bushreen's constant precepts and example clung to me with singular tenacity. My will had nothing to do with my faith, neither was there any thing in the habits of those most directly before my eyes to change it. If the white people had been true, strict Christians, I think I should have felt a respect for their reli- gion; but their carelessness on this matter, and their profligate habits, made me feel doubly averse to giving up the true faith for one like theirs. My mind was always running on my own neglect of duty, and calling up before me the image of my old teacher, until I began to see him in my dre*ams. One of these dreams was repeated more than once, and with such distinctness that for years it had upon my mind all the force of a solemn reality. I had been employed all the day in some light duties about the Great House, and lay down to sleep in a cross passage that opened into the kitchen. I felt happy at being called in to serve the family, and dropped asleep in a free and hopeful spirit. Sud- denly, and, strange to say, with a consciousness that it was in a dream, my beloved Hadji Ali stood be- fore me, as I had often seen him in the mosque at Kashna, in a long white robe, with the Koran in his 64 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. right hand, and a string of beads in his left. He looked long and affectionately on me, and sighed deeply. He spoke not a word, yet I could see tears stealing down his withered cheeks, and he raised his arms above his head, and lowered them over mine, as if to implore a blessing on me. Good and kind old man ! or blessed spirit ! for I dreamed that he perhaps was dead, and this his ghost come to reprove my irreligion : " Never, never," said I, " shall my heart forsake the true faith, or cease to cherish the memory of your affectionate instruction. No, my father, I am yours forever." When I awaked, I felt relieved, and I resolved to perform the ceremonies of my religion, though by stealth, for I felt that the spirit of Hadji Ali had his eye upon me, and I was but too proud to merit his pro- tection. I used, accordingly, to repeat the prayers I had been taught in my infancy, and when the appointed times arrived, I sometimes ran into the bush to kneel down, or if I was alone in any apartment of the house, or stables, I kneeled down devoutly on the floor, and prayed for peace. I even prayed out loud, and, what strikes me as curious, I would often add something in English, but my Arabic was IN. JAMAICA. 65 never extensive, and my native tongue was becom- ing less familiar to me than the language of our masters. This dream, or vision, had another effect on me. I was smitten with an anxiety not to forget the verses from the Koran, which my beloved in- structor had taught me with such patient affection, and, with bits of chalk, or even charcoal, I was continually inscribing them on the walls of the negro cottages. The owners thought them charms against Obiah magic and the evil eye, and were not only much pleased to have them, but were careful to keep the secret among themselves. The overseer surprised me at my devotions one day, and ridiculed me without mercy. He men- tioned it and my writing "African charms," as he styled them, to my master and mistress. My mas- ter paid no attention to it, for by this time I had won my way into his good-will by my earnest and evident desire to do his pleasure in all things. No one, not even the overseer, reproached me, but one day my mistress took me kindly to task, and asked me if I did not know that Mahomet was a cheat and an impostor. Alas ! mortified and confused, I had little or nothing to say, because I had no means 66 THE PRINCE OF K AS UN A. of speaking my ideas in a language which she could comprehend. There was an expression of pity upon her features as she smiled, but it was not a sneering pity. " Go to the Bay," continued she ; " Pompey shall go with you on Sundays, and you may be of the religion as we are. I assure you, Bacchus, we do not mean to go to perdition. "We hope to be saved through the merits of our Redeemer." When she dismissed me, she said, " You had better talk to Mr. Wodenlone, the Moravian missionary. He preaches upon the next estate once or twice a week, and your master will allow you to go and hear him." "Thank you, mistress," said I, in return, " but I could not understand him." " Indeed," re- plied she, " you could, he preaches in the negro lan- guage, and we mean to let him come and preach at Orange Grove." As I found there were other slaves who went to hear Mr. Wodenlone, I joined them on the next occasion out of curiosity, I con- fess, to hear a white man speak in my own lan- guage. I found that it was not my own language, when I came to hear it. I could understand a word here and there, and sometimes make out a sentence, but, for the generality of his palaver, I was as much in the dark as before I went to be en- IN JAMAICA. 67 lightened. I could understand that he said Jesus Christ died for us, that he was a good man, a great man, and that he would come at the last day to judge us. But this preacher did not pronounce his words right, and though his speech was, per- haps, in a negro language, it was very different from that spoken in Houssa. The next Sunday, Pompey took me to church at the Bay, where an English parson preached for a long while about the three Gods and one God the Trinity, which, to my understanding then, was idolatry, having been always taught to consider such doctrines very wicked. I attended the church repeatedly, at the recommendation of the overseer, and might have derived more advantage from it, but that he used to jeer me at my return, and ask if the buckra par- son had routed the Turkish devil out of me, as he chose to call the Prophet. I did not laugh at his wit, nor was I converted. He was a good, just man, though very sharp with the negroes that is, he made them work, but he was good-tempered. He used to ask me, too, if Mahomet had not provided good dinners, and lots of pretty girls for his disci- ples, in the next world. He said he knew the Turks called the Christians dogs, but he contended 68 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. that the Turks themselves were brute beasts ; and that a religion which allowed a man four or five wives was only fit for pigs. Pigs ! I could have answered him that some of his buckra countrymen, as I already saw on several estates, practiced the faith of Mahomet, if they did not believe or preach it. It grieved me to think my mistress, to whom I looked up with so much reverence, should despise me for my religion. The biting ridicule of the over- seer was daily repeated by one of the drivers, an African of a mean and savage temper, who spoke Houssa very well, and far better English than most of the Creole blacks ; and to add to these mortifi- cations, I had of late been scarcely called into the Great House for any purpose whatever. Tatee sometimes tried to console me, but she had made a match with the cooper of the estate, and had the less time to waste on me. That fall was to me a most restless and discontented period, and it turned me more and more, and with deeper regret, to the remembrance of Hadji Ali, who still used to visit me in my dreams and urge me to confine myself to him and the true faith. There were two or three of my shipmates who harbored notions of decamp- ing, which they had communicated to me in confi- IN JAMAICA. 69 dence, and I was silly enough to listen to their sug- gestions, and relate, in turn, the dreams with which I had been so long visited. ' The poor fellows be- lieved them the direct interposition of God, and I believed them correct in thinking so ; yet they were Kafirs themselves. No followers of the Prophet were included in our secret but myself, and I was forbidden to make a confidante of Tatee, who had by this time (it was the month of No- vember) become settled and contented in her own cabin with her husband, the cooper, and, as my comrades rightly guessed, would not be likely to approve of such a reckless scheme. It was harder work to engage me not to tell our plan to Tatee, than to enlist me in its dangers. I sought to obtain her opinion indirectly, by asking her if she would quit her situation, in case she could return to her own country, but I soon saw she had no favor for any such idea. She was as affectionate to me as ever, notwithstanding she was the cooper's wife, but she had long ceased to give me any hopes of escaping from slavery. Under these circumstances, I kept my own counsel, or rather, the counsel of my companions, but never was a more silly con- spiracy planned or executed. One of my com- 70 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. panions had a faith, he said, that if^we could get to the end of the island, we should find a ship to take us back to Africa. Another believed there was land all the way to the first place we had come to (Barbadoes), and doubted very much if it was not all land to Africa, the buckras having put us in a ship, and brought us by water, just to confuse us, and make us think it impossible to get back again. They had seen a returned slave in their own country, who had come back from England, and they even contemplated getting to this last-mentioned place, in order to be sent (as they had heard they should be) to the English settlement of Sierra Leone. We determined to defer our escape until the Christmas holidays, that we might have more chance of not being missed, till we should have got three or four days' journey toward the rising sun. In the mean time, we kept as smooth faces as we could, consoling ourselves, for the present evils of our condition, with the prospect of better fortunes in our own country. This was not so unreasonable a hope on my part as on that of my comrades, two of whom had been slaves in Houssa slaves by captivity in war, not slaves by birth IN JAMAICA. 71 and the other a slave from his infancy. There was a chance that they might all be reclaimed as slaves, even in case we succeeded in getting back to Af- rica; but I was free, and had a right to expect my long-promised inheritance, even if Hadji Ali should be dead. If he lived, and I could find him, my condition would be equal to my most sanguine wishes, though I confess I despaired of our enter- prise. I knew too well we were on an island, with the ocean all around us. My hopes were not very high, and perhaps my courage was not of the firm- est, but my mates were madly bent upon it, and I was carried away by their foolish urgings. " We will not leave you behind," said they all. "Hadji Ali will lead us through to the end." "Only trust to- me," said one. "Trust in God," said another Kafir, who promised in the same breath to steal a stocking full of dollars and pis- tareens, which the negro watchman, who had charge of him, kept in a chest under his head. "If we are to have luck, we must have no vio. lence," said I, in return " no fighting or murder- ing. God made us all free alike at our birth, and we have a right to run away if we can. If we are caught, we shall get flogged, and perhaps trans- 72 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. ported, and we must bear it as well as we can." Once I made sure we were found out or betrayed, for the overseer sent for Bryan, Belton, and Brad, of our party, before the month of November was out, and had them branded with our master's ini- tials on the breast and the shoulder. This was done with a silver brand, heated in the flame of one of the lamps in the boiling-house ; and if it did not cause any very great pain, it was a sad presage of what we had to expect, in case of be- ing found out by the Maroons, to whom it would serve as a proof of our condition. A few days healed the wounds of the blister caused by the burning ; but we had not recovered entirely from the alarm caused by this incident, even when Christmas was on us, and the hour and the mo- ment of our departure had arrived. I kept secret- ly invoking the spirit of Hadji Ali to direct me, for my confidence was not strong in our safe out- come ; but when such stout, stubborn men as Bry- an and Belton were shaken at the final step, a boy of thirteen may be excused for feeling some tremors. IN THE WOODS. 73 CHAPTER IV. IN THE WOODS. IT was a dark night, the eve of Christmas, when I left the abode of Pompey and Myrtilla, and met my companions, four in number, at a negro-house upon the next estate. We had been so secret that the owner of the house where we met had not the least suspicion of the business we had in hand. One of them had seen an Obeah-man a day or two before, and consulted him whether he should have luck in what he meant to do at Christmas. The Obeah-man bid him beware of Friday, and he would succeed. Now, Friday is our Mahometan sabbath, and the Kafir, knowing this, suspected I was al- luded to in the Obeah-man's injunction; so that we had scarce commenced our march before he told me of his suspicions, and made me swear, after his own fashion, that I would not betray him and the rest of my companions. I was very indignant at this, and for a while was more than half resolved to turn 74 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. back and leave them ; but I found I was no more my own master, and some hints they threw out im- plied that it was on this point that the superstition of the Obeah hunter hinged. He feared my turning back, and had I finally decided on so doing, they would have put me out of the way. My compan- ions were named Bogle cut down to Bo Bryan, Belt on, and Brad well, all names commencing with a B, on the same principle as my own plantation- name of Bacchus. Bryan had stolen the dollars which he had seen in the possession of the negro who had the care of him ; and Belton had abstract- ed a rifle gun, with powder and balls, from the overseer's house. We had, besides, a couple of machets among us, and each of us had a small woven basket called in Jamaica by its African name of bancra filled with plantains and salt fish, which we hoped would last till we could either kill a wild hog or fall in with some person disposed to give us food for love or money. The rifle was a stupid encumbrance, for with it we could not hit any one of the pigeons we continually met, whereas a fowling-piece would have supplied all our wants. As a weapon of offense or defense, one rifle could do us little good, and might involve us in a great IN THE WOODS. 75 deal of mischief. But it was quite as sensible as any other part of our rash arrangements. Thus equipped, we left our rendezvous with great resolution and struck for the sea. We started at about nine o'clock at night, and traveled till morning, by the high-road, uninterrupted, except by one gentleman on horseback, who came canter- ing along in the dark ; and, though we got into the bushes to avoid him, he espied us, and called to us to know who and what we were. Bryan said it was the doctor of the estate, and wanted to rob him ; but I swore that I would call out and warn him if the thing was attempted, let the conse- quence be what it would ; and the other three, luckily for our future safety, were of my opinion. The doctor called out to us a dozen times in vain, and then proceeded on his way. As soon as the dawn appeared I prostrated my- self on the ground, and begged the blessing of God upon our expedition, resolving, now that I was at liberty to do it, to be regular and punctual in my devotions. We left the high-road and the sea, and struck into the woods, through which we had often to cut a passage with our machets, the bushes were so terribly thick and tangled. We walked till 4* 76 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. noon, having stopped a little while in a small grassy dell by a spring to eat some of our pro- visions ; but we were, by this time, too fatigued to continue our anarch. We crept into a thicket and lay down to sleep for several hours, as I guessed, for the sun was sinking into the sea when we resumed our journey. We had been undis- turbed in our sleep, and took a good meal before we started, which considerably lightened the load of our wallets. We marched the whole of this second night, as we had done during the last, not hesitating to take the high-road as soon as it was starlight, and again we met with no creature after nine or ten o'clock. We heard the negroes on many estates, as we passed along, drumming and singing, laughing and dancing, in Christmas glee, but we dared not ap- proach them. About midnight we saw a church, or a meeting-house of some kind, near enough to hear the preacher tell his congregation that the souls of all the indecent, filthy, beastly, dancing, drunken negroes, who were thus profaning the na- tivity of the blessed Redeemer, would burn in an unquenchable fire for thousands of millions of ages. However, we runaways were neither dancing nor IN THE WOODS. 77 drinking, so we consoled ourselves by thinking we did not incur this curse. The stimulus of our expedition kept up our spirits, and we journeyed gayly on again toward the rising sun, though where we had got to by morning none of us could tell. We were on lofty land, in the midst of an apparently interminable forest, without a river or any other water than what we collected from the wild pines a parasite as common as the trees it grows on in the woods, but the dew it collects in its heart is often rather bitter and unpalatable. We had struck into the woods at daylight, but we did not stop till about ten o'clock, when we made a fire by means of the rifle, and roasted some plantains which we stole from the negro-grounds of an estate as we passed along in the night. We were now quite in a wil- derness, and, as we thought, almost out of reach of mankind for the present, for we could hear no sound, except the chirping of the crickets. There was no wind ; not enough to wave the trees, which were very high ; and though we had listened at times, since sunrise, we had not once heard the crowing of a cock, nor a plantation shell-blow. I felt as if I were free again, and, though dreadfully 78 THE -PRINCE OF KASHNA. fatigued with so long and wearisome a march, I could scarcely sleep from the delightful excitement I experienced at the thoughts of liberty. Alas ! this pleasant dream was dissipated with my first sound sleep in the forest. I happened to awake the first, and to my unutterable dismay missed our rifle, which was between Belton and myself when we laid down. Had one of the dreaded Maroons one of that forest police of which we had heard such tales of their bringing back runaways stolen upon us, and taken it in our sleep ? Or, had some fugitive slave, like ourselves, stumbled upon us, and thus mocked our want of care ? Were we in the power of those dreaded Maroons, who were, but too surely, strong enough to recapture us, or was this the work of a chance thief? All this flashed like hot light- ning through my mind, as I hastily roused my com- rades and signified our loss. They stared at each other and all around them in speechless alarm. The daring thief had cut away the thong by which Belton carried his powder-horn across his breast, and stolen that too. When we came to look for the bancras, the remnant of our provisions, and the baskets in which we carried them, were gone also. It was a bitter shock. One machet only remained I N T JI E W O O D 8 . TO to us, and the stocking-full of dollars, with which we knew not, however, when or how to get to mar- ket. This would have been a prize too, and a pret- ty good one, but that Bryan, who considered him- self the proprietor, actually lay upon it, and so con- cealed it in his sleep. The worst consequence of this business which we had to apprehend, was the probability of our being discovered and betrayed. Yet we were inclined to hope that those who had robbed us could not be Maroons, or they would have alarmed us. One man, indeed, a Maroon or a fugitive negro, might have done all ; but a party, even a couple of Maroons, after having secured our fire-arms, might have taken us prisoners, or put us to death for resisting, a practice at which, as I had been told, Maroons are not apt to hesitate long. What could we do in our helplessness ? I was young, and I , trust I shall be excused when I own that, in spite of my devout feelings, my heart failed me, and I even wished to return to my master ; but my comrades scouted the idea, and taunted me with cowardice. They were four grown men, and they had a stocking-full of money. If they could have spoken even enough of the negro English, we might have furnished ourselves again with all we had lost, SO THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. but our speech was, as yet, very imperfect, and we had no paper (as the negroes say), no passport of any sort to show, in case of being stopped and in- terrogated, as we most probably should be by the first white person who might meet us. We had no choice but to go on. Those who had robbed us would know too well where to seek us again, if in- deed Maroon eyes and hands had been about us, and anywhere else was better than this place. Bel- ton said, with set teeth, and with a look that made my blood run cold, that we must overtake the thief and cure him of stealing. Yet I was as ready as the most savage of them to fight desperately for my liberty, if we were attacked ; it was only Bel- ton's short, ferocious mutterings about his catching somebody to cut in little bits and eating them all up, which startled me for an instant. By the time the hurried consultation was over, I had buried all my fears in the excitement of a forward movement. Fortunately for us, we had made a meal before we resigned ourselves to repose, and though we could have drank a gallon or two of water among us, we feared no hunger before night. Bryan set actively about hunting for the traces of the robber or robbers. He possessed considerable talents for IN THE WOODS. 81 such a work, and was not long in deciding that only one man had ventured up to us, even if there had been others at hand, and this person had re- treated from us eastward, by the very course which we meant to pursue. We followed upon his track with all the expedition we could use, intent on overtaking him, as much for the purpose of pre- venting his betraying us, as for the sake of our goods which he had stolen. We struck upon his trail directly, though he had dived under thickets which, at first view, seemed impenetrable to us. He had also doubled upon his path repeatedly, and had tried every scheme to divert us from the road he had taken. We were five to one, and though he often baffled us, we must have gained so con- siderably on him as to distress him, for he had thrown away one of the bancras, which we found in his path. Soon we came upon another bancras, and then a third, but all the little baskets already made lighter by our last meal were now empty. They proved that Bryan was true on the trail, and that was the greatest want we then felt. Presently we opened into foot-paths, very faint, indeed, but showing that these wild forest thickets had human inhabitants of some kind. That these inhabitants 82 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. were hog-hunting and slave-catching Maroons we hardly dared to doubt, and, without stopping to reckon what might follow after that, Bryan and Belton more eagerly declared we must find the thief and finish him. As we advanced the country became more rocky and broken, and the paths more intricate. In reverting to this affair, in after years, I have often wondered that there was not sense enough among the whole of us ignorant negroes though we were to know we were marching into the very den of danger. We had but one present aim, and that was to prevent the robber from doing us more mischief, and so, with one heart, we fierce- ly pressed along upon his track. We traveled miles before we came to a sudden halt. In a curi- ous little grotto we found the ashes of a recent fire, about it the remains of a wild pig, and beside it the last of our missing bancras. The thief had paused here to eat our cold roasted plantains. The crumbs of the feast were scattered about. He had not stopped to make the fire that was an older affair but he had taken his ease in eating our provisions. We could trace where he had lolled against the bushes, and that so lately that they had not fairly resumed their places when we drop- IN THE WOODS. 83 ped into the dell. It was a large natural vault, very spacious and lofty, open to the day by an immense arch, and inclosed in front by a huge wall of rough piled rocks, partly constructed by human hands. It was a vast hall, given by the bountiful God, a ready dwelling for his poor, wandering children. There was such a grand air of strength, seclusion, and independence in this rocky fastness, that it inspired me with a confused proposal that we should remain in it, and try to make an alliance with those who frequented the hold. Bryan start- ed in anger from his investigation of the " signs," and threw at me a heavy, stick he had in his hand, calling me " dog and fool," for the mere suggestion. Brad, who was a good-natured giant, capable of any thing but long sullens and hard thinking, took my part, and for a moment there was a division in our sage counsels. " Mahmadee may stay if he likes," said Bryan savagely, " and you may stay with him, but I will not stop till I have finished that thief." So saying, he strode on without even looking back, and Belton and Bo followed close after him, as if afraid to lose sight of their leader. Brad and I stood and gazed at each other a minute or two in uncertainty, and 84 THE FKINCE OF KASHNA. then, without a word, he started after our com- rades, and I attended his steps. I cannot explain, even to myself, the cause of the sudden and com- plete revulsion of sentiment, but from that hour I abandoned all hope of final escape, and heartily regretted that I had suffered myself to be led into this runaway scrape. It was not that Bryan had thrown his staff at me. It did not touch me was not intended to reach me, probably and I had not the slightest feeling of resentment. Indeed, I am not of a vindictive temper at any time, and I was used to rough play on the plantation; but a sense of his and our incapacity settled heavily upon me. My heart had not been in it from the begin- ning, but these men had put it to me as a kind of treason, when I had now and then made my feeble protests against carrying out the plan. Long afterward I learned that I was dragged literally dragged into it from a superstitious idea that my Arabic prayers and verses from the Koran were potent spells, which in some wonderful manner would facilitate their escape. In brief, Brad, who was a fioussa man, was convinced himself, and was able to convince the rest, that I would be a lucky companion, and therefore the wiseacres en* IN THE WOODS. 85 cumbered themselves with a half-unwilling boy of thirteen. Brad and I plodded along in the rear of our comrades in perfect silence, neither speaking to them or we to each other, fully occupied with our thoughts and the difficulties of our rough and stony way. I said something, at last, of the burning thirst, which the water in the wild pines seemed rather to inflame than quench. " It is hard for you, Sidi Mahmadee," Brad an- swered in Houssee ; "very hard for a boy who had every thing he wished in his own country, and plenty of slaves to wait upon him ; but have cour- age, prince, we will soon get back to our own country again." " Never, Brad," I exclaimed, in despondent an- guish ; " none of us will ever see Houssa again." " Never ! king's son ? Are we not on the road there now ?" The athletic man stopped and cowered on his staff before me, with an air and aspect of utter, overwhelming dismay, that it is impossible to de- scribe. I replied that we were, truly, on an island, as the white people had always told us, and that we were too poor and ignorant to find our way 86 THE PRINCE or KASHNA. off of it. Why this conviction had never come to me so strongly before I am sure I cannot under- stand, but the sickening certainty of my fate was then branded upon my soul as clearly, and as in- effaceably, as my master's mark was before me on the breast and right shoulder of poor, terror- stricken Brad. The rest of the party were hidden from us by a sharp turn in the narrow wood-path, and we had a few minutes to recover ourselves and come to a kind of understanding respecting our position. It was then rather understood than said, that I was not to be the first to bring up this subject to our other comrades, and that the obligation to take all chances with them was as strong upon us as ever. Beyond that we did not go, and could not see our way. There was an inti- mation, or only a suspicion, perhaps, that I would be sacrificed without mercy if I should hint at misfortune, when I had expressly been brought along for good luck. , We had scarcely rejoined the other three when I caught, in the distance, the welcome sound of rushing water. For an instant but one single in- stant Bryan said it was only the breeze coming over the tree-tops; in the next, with a joyful step, IN THE WOODS. 87 he was leading us in its direction. He tore through the thorny paths and over steep rocks in a frenzy of delight, as the musical waters sounded nearer and nearer, as if wooing our parched lips to their caresses. A parting through the trees revealed to us the spray of a waterfall, and above it hung, like a banner of promise, its lovely colors fairly defined in the light of the descending sun, a small rainbow. Forgetting all prudence, we broke into noisy ex- clamations of delight as we hurried to the margin of the stream. It rushed foaming and tumbling through a succession of steep and broken rocks, forming, alternately, dashing cascades and clear, silent pools. Into one of these still and shaded basins we plunged eagerly, to cool our feverish bodies and slake our burning thirst. How we reveled in that bath ! I was the last to leave it, and tore myself away with regret, when Bryan, after a hurried indulgence, reminded us that we must not lose sight of our chase. " Yes," said ' Belton, as he resumed his only garment thrown off to enjoy his plunge without hinderance "Yes, after dark we can do nothing in these thick woods; and now we must give up the thief, since we left his track to come to water." Bryan thought we 88 THE PRINCE OF KA.SHNA. might go back to it, but Brad, who had never before launched an opinion of his own manufacture since we had started, proposed that we should " let him go, with a curse from Mahmadee, a good strong curse, from the Koran, and after that look put for our own road out of trouble." Brad was not a Mahometan, and cared little for the doctrines of the Koran or the precepts of the Prophet, but he had a devout faith in the efficacy of the curses, especially when forcibly delivered by one who could read them from the text. While Brad was setting forth this luminous idea of overwhelming the absent thief with curses, and then taking up our own east- ward course without further regard to him, Belton had fixed his eyes on an immense cotton-tree, which towered from the top of the bank, and seemed to overlook a wide space. He proposed to ascend this king of the forest, to obtain a survey of the adja- cent country, and report to us below how the land should lie to the eastward; and whether we were near smoke, settlements, and plantations. We helped him up, and watched every inch of his progress, as he clung to the high and perpendicular shaft, almost afraid, sometimes, that he was too fa- tigued to keep his hold in such a situation. Our IN THE WOODS. 89 eyes followed him anxiously till lie was almost lost among the high branches. But what was our sur- prise to see him stop suddenly, as if scared at sight of something, and to hear him call to some one above him in the forks of the tree ! We then saw the crouching figure of a man, who had chosen this extraordinary place as a place of concealment. " Hi ! you dam rascal ! where for me rifle gun ?" cried Belton. The negro did not understand him, or would not. Belton repeated his hail as he made his way up to him, and, bracing his feet and knees in the forks, boldly closed in with him. He man- aged someway to clutch the individual whom he had treed so very unexpectedly, and threatened to strangle him, or toss him down, if he did not in- stantly deliver up the stolen property. But the negro was a match for him, and it seemed as if Belton were just as likely to come down headlong as the other. Bryan hastened up to his assistance, and Bo and myself begged them all to come down, which, on a kind of truce, they finally did; the stranger declaring his innocence, and putting an oath to every yard of his descent, that he " nebba, nebba see de rifle nor bancras. Him 'clare to him God, nebba tief nutting since him lilly baby, and 90 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. tief him mudder milk." He landed, like his pur- suers, out of breath, and Bryan instantly put the remaining cutlass to his throat, swearing, half in his own tongue, and half in negro English, that the last moment of his life was come, and that the john- crows should pick out his yeye before noon next day. He was So enraged that he even began to chop at him, and had already given him an ugly cut on the head, when I interfered, and told the negro that if he would deliver up the goods he should be spared. But nothing was further from Cudjoe's mind, notwithstanding the knock he had received, than to confess the robbery. He swore he was a poor runaway from an estate in Vere, and had been hidden in the tree all day. Belton called him a liar, and insisted that he only pretended to be a runaway. Bryan, finding he could make no im- pression on his fears, was now bent on putting him to death, either to prevent his telling upon us, or because he had already shed his blood. Again I interposed, an/i so did Brad, who seconded every thing I advanced. Still we were at a loss what to do. We did not wish the negro's death, yet our situation was critical ; however, I asked, though scarcely expecting the answer I received, whether IN THE WOODS. 91 Cudjoe, for that was his name, could find us where- withal to satisfy our hunger. He promptly said he could, and would, and did, in fact, lead us through a sort of labyrinth among the woods to a lone hut, which he said did not belong to him, although a dog came out as we approached, and fawned upon him. We were, of course, upon our guard, for fear of a surprise, and kept entreating him for the rifle, or for some fire-arms, as we walked along, and after we were in the hut, but it was all in vain. 92 THE PKINCE or KASHNA. CHAPTER Y. RECAPTTTBED. CUDJOE, as -even I inexperienced boy that I was plainly understood, did not lead us directly to his house, which was scarcely one hundred yards from the tree in which we caught him roosting. He wound about in the thicket-paths four or five times that distance Bryan and Belton growling to each other that they would kill him if he tried to deceive us before we brought up at his little hut. On the side we came it was edged in the border of the thick wood-lands, but on going round to the door in front, to our surprise and consternation, we looked suddenly down upon extensive sugar-cane fields in the plain below. This hut had been built for a watchman, and Cudjoe said, perhaps truly, that he belonged to the plantation, and kept guard there against the depredations of runaway negroes. He expressed, however, the greatest horror of the Ma- RECAPTURED. '93 roons, who, he said, were all about in the woods, and must have " teifed de gun and de bancras." Belton persisted in accusing him of the theft, and of having climbed the tree to watch us when he heard us in the water, but Cudjoe swore and re- swore that he was a paragon of honesty. So far from robbing poor runaways which we did not pretend to deny we were he vowed he would hide us from the Maroon slave-hunters and share with us the last morsel of his provisions. As the seal of his sincerity, he brought forth some rum, and we all drank of it with infinite relish. We poor negro Mahometans are not very exact about drinking wine, and besides that, it was not wine, but strong new rum, that I tippled with old Cudjoe. We soon discovered in one corner of the hut a well-filled basket of yams, which we did not long delay from the fire we found still reeking on the floor of the hut when we entered. Our intention of viewing the country from the top of the cotton-tree had been defeated by the in- cident I have related, and we had experienced so much fatigue that we gave up all idea of traveling this night. Cudjoe, having tied up his dog, offered, if we wished it, to conduct us through the bush to 94 THE PEINCE OF KASHNA. an estate's provision-ground, where he said there was an old sore-foot watchman, whom he would well-drunk, and that we might help ourselves to as many yams and plantains as we could carry. It was very clear that this vagabond lived by thieving, at any rate. To trust him was impossible, but we were not inclined to go further that night. He might intend to betray us, but we were not yet in want of victuals as we call ground-provisions. We only longed for the restitution of our stolen goods rather forgetting that they were stolen first by ourselves. After we had dispatched the yams, Belton said he was determined to search the hut, and as by this time the evening had begun to darken around us, he took a fire-stick and some dry trash, and made a blaze, by which he searched the outside of the thatch. Cudjoe affected to help him, and, having found nothing, they re-entered the hut to search inside. In the zeal of his assistance, Cudjoe awkwardly knocked down our very pow- der-horn from under some trash crammed under the roof. "W" e all started, for we had seen the falling horn plain enough to be sure of it, but, before we could seize it, we were scattered right and left by a blinding explosion. Cudjoe was nearest to it, RECAPTURED. 95 and made a hasty effort to catch it up ; but it had fallen among the coals of the fire, and before he could recover it, some grains of the powder must have escaped, for the whole took the blaze and exploded between his hands burning his face most horribly, besides singeing all of us, and setting the thatch on fire. All ended in the swift destruction of the pile of dry megasse (the trash of sugar-canes) of which this temporary dwelling had been built. " Tief and liar," exclaimed Belton, scarcely re- covered from the dazzling blaze caused by the ex- plosion " you don't tief the gun ? No mo (only) you steal the powder, and it blow you to jumby. The gun no use now the powder gone, but you shan't not tief no more." With this he gave him a thrust with the machet, which must have injured him severely, though it did not kill him, for he man- aged to stagger away, leaving us confounded and half-blinded by the blaze of the powder, first of all, and worse still by the glare of the burning trash. This illumination was not likely to be beneficial to us, as it was calculated to call the attention of any neighbors, and to subject us to the risk of de- tection and apprehension. We did not attempt to follow Cudjoe. We dived into the jungle, and, by 96 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. a tolerably clear but tortuous path, pursued our course for several miles, until we came to a river. This stream I have since fancied was the Agua Alta, somewhere near Annotto Bay. We had crossed its bed several times in our course, for the night was clear, and the moon bright enough to guide us on our way. Our great anxiety was to reach some point at which we might take some steps toward finding out where we were, and to what point we wished to steer. Both of these were rather important subjects to us, and on both of them we, in our wisdom, were equally in the dark. Our course had led us along the verge of a large plantation perhaps more than one after we left Cudjoe's blazing hut. We kept in the path, but ever holding ourselves ready to take to the bush at the first sight or sound of human beings. We hoped these paths would lead us to a road or settlement, and enable us to watch for a chance of safely communicating with some straggling ne- gro. We had learned a grain of caution, and be- gan to look out for some lone hut, where we might ask questions without much risk of being recap- tured. RECAPTURED. 97" We had followed the winding path from Cud- joe's, near the fields and pastures of which I have spoken, a mile or more, when we descried a hut close to the road, snugly inclosed in a penguin hedge. It was placed at an elevated corner of an extensive cane-field, evidently for the occupa- tion of a watchman, who could from his door com- mand the whole range of cane-fields. We listened a moment outside to a fearful snoring, and, hear- ing nothing else, I was directed to enter and report on the state of the premises. I found no one but the old watchman himself, who was so drunk that he was as helpless as a fallen tree or a dead pig. He had provided against accidents, and had made his fire so as not to endanger his dwelling ; but he had not reserved sense enough to keep his feet out of it. One of his toes had touched a coal, and it was already so scorched that it had filled the hut with the stench of burned flesh. He was making a disgusting noise between a piggish moan, a hog grunt, and a human snore, but he did not make a move to help himself, or even show the least return to consciousness, when I snatched his foot from the fire with a force that whirled him round on his center, and loudly called 98 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. to my comrades to come in and take possession. Brad helped me to bind up the poor old creature's foot in fresh plantain-leaves, and then by way of doctor's fee, let us say he filled a bancra with a lot of roasted yams, which this exemplary watchman had put to the fire, and drank himself to sleep be- fore they were ready to eat. Close beside him stood a bottle half full of rum, which was quickly finished the rum I mean by his friendly visitors. As we were looking round in search of any chance eatables worthy of our attention, I thought I heard a voice outside. I raised my hand to warn my companions, and, before they or I could well col- lect our ideas, a voice, which we took to be Cud- joe's, addressed us from the outside, and predicted misfortune to us. The hollow and melancholy tone in which the oracle was delivered to us, set Belton's teeth chattering, and Bryan, staring out of the hut, declared he could see Cudjoe's duppy (ghost) lean- ing on a bamboo stick a few yards off, and apply- ing his left hand to his wounded side. I also looked out and saw a figure to a certainty, whether of flesh and blood, or a spirit, I could not deter- mine. It raised the stick in a threatening manner, and again bid us prepare for trouble, reproaching KECAPTURED. 99 us for eating his yams and then killing him. We slunk into the back of the hut, too much discon- certed to even dream of following this visitant and make sure whether it was man or duppy. After a short and perplexed stare at each other, we all hud- dled out in a close mass, and took the road at a pace that indicated a general and extreme desire to put a considerable space between us and that hut at the very quickest. Two or three hours' steady walking in the cool night air brought us, as I before stated, to the bed of the Agua Alta or, Wag Watar, as the negroes will always have it. Here we rested a while, and at daybreak we entered another lone hut, and found another drunken man and his not altogether sober wife. I say ice entered, but, in truth, I was sent in alone, both on account of my speaking better Eng- lish than any of the rest of the party, and because my youth would be likely to ward off suspicion. I was directed: to say that I had been sent on an errand, and been lost all night in the woods. The woman was cross, but she gave me the directions we needed to find the best course to Buff Bay. I had heard some talk between my master and the overseer about ships at that place, and we had 5* 100 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. mixed up all our foolish plans and superstitions into a common knot, to the effect that from some place toward sunrise we must make our escape back to Africa. Buff Bay and Port Antomo were both toward sunrise that much we had found out before and now I learned that we were within a day's easy march of Buff Bay, the nearest of these two points. Bryan, meanwhile, thought the con- ference rather long, and cut me off in the midst of my polite thanks to the woman, by putting his head in the door and roughly demanding some bananas. A fine large bunch hung in tempting view, and he was determined to have them. I urged and entreated him to desist, but Belton came up and joined him in taking the fruit. I was ex- ceedingly vexed, and told them both, after we were out of sight of the hut, that it would bring us bad luck, and that we would have aU the country up and after us at this rate. They only laughed at me, but Brad and Bo took sides with me, and told the others that we three would leave them and go our own way, if they were not more careful. We were walking along, still rather out of humor, when, in climbing a hill always through lonely by-paths the woods suddenly broke away HECAPTURED. 101 as we reached the summit, and the wide, blue sea, and a long chain of settlements, was all at once unfolded to our view. We hastily retreated into the bush and went into council. As had now become the usual course, I was to be sent, but not till later in the day, to spy out the land and buy provisions. We passed another hut, but saw no one stirring about it, though there was a bunch of ripe bananas hanging almost over the door. Bryan and the rest helped themselves without hesitation, and threw the stripped stalk back into the hut, as a hint to the inmate to keep better guard in future. The Christmas holidays were even a better sea- son for our purpose than we had the sense to con- ceive. It is a week of drunken license with the negroes, of general feasting with the whites ; and, with care and coolness, three or four active runa- ways might make their way from one end of the island to the other ; but, unfortunately for us, we-' had nowhere a place of refuge wherein to hide, nor the wit to win our freedom. Hitherto the weather had been in our favor, but now two days of almost constant rain set in, and we suffered much from hunger and the chilling wet. At the close of one of those dreary days, as we 102 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. were coiled under the wet bushes, Belton seized my arm, and, absolutely trembling with terror, gasped out, " Duppy ! Cudjoe's duppy !'' I could see, as I lay, a figure moving slowly along the path near which we were concealed, but to my eye it was larger than Cudjoe, and I would have followed the figure, but we heard the sound of a horse's feet at a distance, as if cantering up toward us ; so we drew back in the bush again, and, after the horse- man had passed on, we looked in vain for the dup- py. But, though I somehow felt assured it was a living man, and no ghost, the others were certain that it was the troubled spirit of the person whose food we had taken and then killed, and that his appearance presaged misfortune. This idea did not make our bed on the wet ground, with no blanket but the chilling drizzle, any the more sweet and refreshing, but the night wore away without any fresh alarm. The sun rose clear, however, and with my bancra and some small silver out of the stocking, I made my way toward a few detached houses we had noted near the mouth of the river, to try whether, for love or money, we might find something to eat. While on this expedition I wit- nessed a sight which would be incredible anywhere RECAPTURED. 103 but in Jamaica. I had succeeded in buying some sweet potatoes and dried fish at a little negro shop, where the old woman who kept it asked no trouble- some questions, and was returning highly elated with my prize, when, on coming close to the river, I observed that the waters were rising, and I also caught an increased roar of the current of water, a kind of subdued thunder, far up the stream, which I did hear when I first passed it. My comrades were on the other side of the stream, in the woods beyond the cane-fields, and I eagerly watched an opportunity to cross it unobserved. Seeing some persons with a wain (the long heavy wagon of Ja- maica), apparently going across to a cane-piece for canes, as the mill of an adjoining estate was at work, I hid myself until it should have moved a little way from the river. But while the cattle were taking here their morning draught, the river suddenly came down in a rushing torrent, and carried all away, except the negroes, who fled in clamorous fright. Eight oxen and the wain were tumbled over one another, and carried into the sea. I was welcomed by my companions as one may expect to be who brings hungry men where- with to satisfy their ravenous wants. We had 104 THE PRINCE OF K AS UN A. not tasted food, except the bananas we had stolen from the unoccupied hut, for two days. The rain, and the repeated view of habitations, which we wished to avoid, had kept us in continued check and discomfort, and this return of sunshine, and with the prospect of a full meal, was wonderfully cheering. A retired place was selected, and if only a fire could have been had to cook our potatoes, we would have enjoyed it like a royal banquet. As it was, we joyfully gathered round our repast of hard codfish and sweet potatoes, and were at- tacking it with the keen relish of famine, when, to our unspeakable dismay, a tall negro, with a musket in his hand and a pig on his shoulder, stepped out of the bush and stood mockingly be- fore us. He surveyed us an instant in silence, but with an insolent composure that warned us, on the instant, that he was a Maroon, one of that terrible forest police, whom every slave learns to think of with horror. Bryan, who feared nothing but ghosts, sprang to his feet and seized our only weapon, the cutlass, but, as he did so, three other tall fellows presented themselves, and then the first comer demanded, in negro English, our " pa- per for trabel." R E C A P T U K K D . 105 Bryan glared fiercely at him, but made no re- ply. I heard poor Brad muttering how the duppy told us there was black trouble for us. The Ma- roon repeated his demand in a more peremptory voice, and then Belton took up the word in a tone intended to be at once independent and con- ciliatory. " 'Spose we lose de paper ? Dat no hurt you. You keep on mind you hog, like good fella. Don't trouble we." But the Maroons laid hold of him, and that too with all the confidence of free men and agents of the law. "You are run- aways," said one of the hunters ; " where do you come from ?" Belton gave some lame story of our being a party of free men bound for a dance at the Bay. " Oh, dance you want," the Maroon said, jeeringly ; " you get plenty of dance by'm-by, presently. Floggee dance. Oh yes, floggee make much dance, plenty." Bryan answered this speech with a furious slash with the cutlass, which, for- tunately for all of us, fell short, and he was leveled with the butt of a musket before he could repeat the rash attempt. Although we were foolish enough to make some further resistance, we were forced to yield without doing any harm. We were all roughly handled. Belton was knocked down, 106 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. and his hands and Bryan's sharply bound together before either of them fairly recovered their senses. The Maroons amused themselves with scoffs and insults at our story of being free men, as they tied us all together, in a string, with a Mahoe rope, and drove us before them to the Bay, where they delivered us over to the keeper of the work- house as captured runaways. There we were ac- commodated with the bilboes each being made fast by one leg and left for the night to our own meditations. RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. 107 CHAPTER VI. RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. SORROWING, supperless, and in bonds, I yet, by one of those seeming inconsistencies of life, slept soon and slept sweetly, that first night of my return to slavery. I dreamed, too, of my still dearly-remembered Hadji Ali and of my mother. What was singular, and had never occurred to me before, they appeared to be white not of the ghostly pallor of death, but with fair complexions and flowing hair, like living and handsome persons of the purest white race. I was unable to recall what they said, or even the incidents of the dream, but I thought they came to console me, and I was consoled. The keeper, a stout, bustling sort of a man, passed us all through a sharp course of cross-ques- tioning the first thing in the morning. We had all agreed upon our story, and we steadily per- sisted in saying that we were free, but our jailer 108 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. only laughed at us. He was a humorous, good- natured fellow, and laughed pleasantly as he as in duty bound examined our bodies, marks, and features, measured our heights, and noted our brands in a book. The Maroons wished us good-bye, and told us to beware of them in future. After they left, the work-house man again tried to prevail on us to tell who we were, and to what estate we belonged, but he got nothing from us, except the stocking with the dollars. Out of that the Maroons would have helped themselves, but that we told our keep- er how many there were, much to the annoyance of the black man-hunters, whom we were glad to disappoint. Our provisions were served twice a day, in one large dish, out of which we all helped ourselves, in true African style. The crabbed old darkey who brought this kettleful of food to us, and re- mained till we finished the contents, had with him some fine basket-plaiting, at which he worked while we were eating. I had seen these neat basket- pouches made in Africa. Medinet is famous for this kind of manufacture, where the rich have fine praying-mats of this fabric to kneel on in the RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. 109 mosque. I had learned to weave them while at that place with my adopted father, and as I now recalled with tears in my heart I had then taken great pride in forming a very nice traveling-pouch for each of us. I had mine over my shoulder the very day I was captured, and I felt that whole scene over again. The sight of this man sitting in the corner, busy at this half-forgotten work, following so closely on my last night's dream of my kind and lost protector, brought back the whole bitterness of my lot. I bent down my head, and, for the first time since I had landed in Jamaica, I gave way to an unrestrained flow of tears. Bry- an and Belton began to taunt me with my weak- ness, calling me a girl-baby, and I know not what, in Houssa; but the old man ordered them to let me alone, and added, that he knew a youth like me never would have " got in this black mud if they had not led me into it." This random shot struck home, and silenced them. For my own part, this interference in my favor so soothed and consoled me that I felt anxious to do something to show my gratitude. " My father," said I, addressing him in the po- litest form of Houssa, "my good father, I know 110 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. how to weave Medinet work, and, if you will allow me, I will help you while I am here." My offer was instantly accepted, and the mate- rial put in my hands to make or rather finish, for it was half done a neat shoulder-pouch. A gentle- man came in while I was at work. Bryan was ex- tended on the floor, with his face downward, the rest looking on in moody silence. This buckra had come to see if two runaways of his own a father and son were not among the captives. I fancied I read a kind pity in his eye, as it rested intently on me. He shook his head and turned away. He recognized none of us, but as he was passing Bryan he shoved him with his foot, and ordered him to get up and show his face. Instead of obeying in the respectful manner required by his situation, Bryan only flung himself over on his back, and looked up in the face of the strange gentleman, with a glare of sullen defiance. I raised my eyes from Bryan's face to that of the buckra in alarm and supplication, for it really seemed to me that the man was under a spell. If I had known how to frame such an appeal, I would have entreated for mercy to a mis- erable creature who was not in his right mind. The gentleman rested his foot for an instant on the RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. Ill upturned breast of the staring savage, and scanned the marks left by the silver branding-iron. Then, with one parting glance of careless scorn at the prostrate form, he said to the keeper of the work- house, who attended him : " This lot has been ad- vertised. I know where to write to their master, and shall do so this evening." Making a step toward me, he tossed me a piece of silver, saying : " I hope your master will not be hard on you, my poor boy. This brute has enticed you into the scrape." How quick and keen he had been in discovering the real ringleader of our flight, for, in truth, Bryan it was who had started, urged forward, and commanded our ill-fated expedition. Two persons had already expressed an opinion that I had been led away by the older ones, and, though one of these was but a poor negro, the sympathy was inexpressibly cheering. It gave me hope and strength. The next morning the second of our confinement I set about my basket-weaving as early as possible ; but first I repeated the five prayers and several verses of the Koran, to which my comrades listened with devout attention. I was never ridiculed for my religion by a negro. I then implored them to confess to the keeper who 112 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. we belonged to, and ask to be sent back to our master. They would not hear of doing so, believ- ing that the buckra had only pretended to know where we came from, in order to frighten us into telling the truth. He certainly did not mention our master's name, yet, all the same, I felt sure that he did know all about us, and, being equally sure that there was no hope of escape, I contended that the sooner we gave up the better would be our chance for an easy pardon. In the course of the next day, Brad gave me a private hint that he for one was ready to follow my advice, and Bo was not much behind in doing the same, each without the knowledge of the other. So matters stood, and I was industriously plying my work, when, about the third day of our impris- onment, the Gustos of the parish was ^announced. He asked a number of questions to which Belton, who had become our chief spokesman, told the old concerted tissue of foolish lies, which the rest con- firmed as usual. He said little to me, but I fol- lowed every word and motion with eager looks. I was stupid enough to imagine that he resembled Hadji Ali, and must, of course, be a kind, just, and wise man. It need not be said that the resem- RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. 113 blance between this fair, noble-featured white gen- tleman and an African negro, was an absurd freak of my excited imagination, but it seemed a real fact to me, and I began to expect some special kindness from him, the mojnent he opened his lips. I re- ceived it, too. Black Ben, the under-keeper and basket-maker, had told my whole history, even to my being a king's son, to the warden, .and he repre- sented me in such a way to the Gustos, that among them I was relieved from the chain that bound me to my comrades and allowed the freedom of the yard. On the second visit of the Gustos I made use of this liberty, which enabled me to speak to him out of sight of the rest, to beg him to intercede for us, promising not only to tell the whole truth, but that we would, one and all, be the best and most dutiful of servants in future, if our master would overlook our past foolishness. He said he would do what he could for us, and then I told him truly and without reserve every thing he desired to know. I ex- plained that it was not from ill treatment that we ran away, for our master was not hard, though the drivers were pretty sharp on the field-hands, but because we were heart-sick to get back to our own 114 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. country. I did not accuse the others of coaxing, and almost forcing, me to join them, as I might have done with some truth, for I did not wish to prejudice my comrades. My whole mind was bent on softening the punishment that it was too clear was hanging over all our heads. My efforts and entreaties were not fruitless, for the old gentleman not only said he would write in our favor, but he actually did write such a kind and earnest letter to my master as effectually helped to smooth my path for many a long after year. When the Gustos had departed, I handed to black Ben the money which the other buckra had thrown to me, and begged him to buy some bread and rum for a sly treat at night. My object was to conciliate my comrades and prepare them for the news I had for them. When I made my confession to the Gustos, he assured me that he already knew my master's name and residence, and that a letter was already on its way to him informing him of our apprehension. We might, therefore, expect to be sent for in the course of a few days, and would do as well to stop silly assertions that we were all free native negroes. Ben refused to take the money. "You better keep your < white music' (a RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. 115 Houssa name for silver trinkets), and lay one piece on top of another to buy yourself, as I did my- self." The possibility of buying my liberty had never before crossed my mind, J)ut then I seized upon that dim and distant hope, and carried it to my comrades as a very possible and comforting prospect. It did not help much to break to them the intelligence that we were really found out, and would soon be on the march back to the plantation. They were in despair, and nothing seemed to re- lieve them so much as my standing up with them to " curse " our captors. Each of them put his right hand on my breast or shoulder to strengthen the spell as I cursed. Then I " cursed " the Maroons for an hour, in tolerably bad but very energetic Arabic. Nothing could be more ridiculous than the incoherent torrent of disjointed and meaning- less texts and adjurations that I poured out on the heads of our captors, but we all believed those fel- lows would be terribly the worse for it. I certainly ought to have felt considerably relieved after dis- charging such a load of frothy nonsense. I mentioned confidentially to black Ben what we had done, when he inquired, next morning, what we were palavering about so late at night. He 116 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. was dreadfully shocked, and begged me to take back the curses. I refused to entertain the idea. He offered to bribe me with the bottle of rum I had wanted him* to buy. I was inexorable. He finally limited himself to a petition in favor of one of the Maroons, who was a friend and relation of his own. Ben had been kind and friendly to me, and I relented in behalf of his friend. We secretly re- tired to his own room, and, both of us kneeling there, with my hands firmly clasped in his, I fer- vently repeated the five daily prayers in a cer- tain way, declaring that it was done in the name of the said Maroon, to save him from being given over to the curses due his sins. This done, we rose and went out doors in the perfect and serene con- viction of the efficacy of our highly meritorious ac- tion. Ben was profuse in his admiration and grati- tude. He presented me with the pouch I was about finishing, and another small one for a purse, in which he put a new English sixpence for luck^ and as a sign of that future pile of "white music" which was to achieve my liberty. Such was our superstitious weakness, and equal- ly weak would it be to record it, did it not serve to explain that any instruction, even such narrow RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. 117 teachings as my African godfather had to bestow, carries in it some germ of power. On the eleventh day of our stay at the work- house, my friend Pompey arrived from the planta- tion. The Gustos then wrote another letter, for one had already been sent by mail, asking mercy for all of us, but most particularly craving a full forgiveness for me. I happened to hear that kind letter read years afterward. The good gentleman was then laid in his final rest, but my heart blessed his memory forever. Pompey had with him another negro, named George, a resolute and powerful fellow, but not re- markably quick-witted. Still, between them they were a quite sufficient guard for our party in their fetters. Some free negroes- were about the work-house door to see us start, and they showed their un- worthy natures by shouting and laughing at us as we marched out chained together. Ben had re- ported that I was born free, and the son of a king in my own country, and for this they were hardest of all on me, snapping their fingers to remind me of the whip, and wishing my "black kingship a pleasant walk back to the white king's trash-house." 118 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. I was glad to see the Custos ride up, for the sound of his horse's feet silenced the scoffers. He gave a few injunctions to Pompey and George about look- ing well to us on the road, and was particularly kind to me. He gave me a dollar at parting, and exacted a promise from Pompey that he would not ill-use me, and that he would signify to my master, by word of mouth, as well as by delivering the letter, that he begged I might be forgiven, as I was but young, and had been free in my own country. Pompey kept the promise he made to the old Custos. He quizzed me now and then for run- ning away, but he never abused me, and I was even allowed to walk alone, while my comrades were handcuffed two and two together. We went in this order through St. Mary's and St. Ann's, in our way back to Westmoreland. We were regu- larly indulged at night with a sleep in the hospital of some plantation, and as regularly with each a leg in the stocks. We traveled slowly, for we were worn down with toil and disappointment, and it was a week before we came in sight of the plan- tation where we hapl met to take our start on the night of our running away. This evidence that we were, in very dee^d, so RETURN TO OKANGE GKOVE. 119 near the dreaded scene of renewed slavery, threw two of my companions into a sort of frenzied de- spair. Belton, who had hitherto behaved with manly composure, burst out into loud lamenta- tions ; and then Bryan, with an equally noisy out- break of execrations, threw himself on the ground, and refused to proceed another step. Pompey talked to him, reasoned with him, threatened to tie him to the mule's tail, and finally beat him with his riding-whip. This last argument pre- vailed. He got up, foaming with rage, and walked fiercely and hastily forward, dragging after him the negro to whom he was handcuffed. We had still two or three miles to go before we reached the plantation, and this distance afforded an ac- cidental opportunity for another vain and silly effort for our freedom. George was so tired with the journey that he tumbled asleep off his mule. Bryan, snatching his cutlass from the scabbard, made a cut at him, by which he nearly severed his nose from his face. Bryan was mad, actually mad, and foamed at the mouth but force mastered him, and at night he found himself in the stocks at Savannah-la-Mar work-house. All the others were taken directly to the plantation hospital; 120 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. and as we filed slowly past our master, lie had a serious, but not over-harsh, word for every one of them but me. He scanned me with a close, but rather mild expression, as he held out his hand for the letter Pompey brought from the Gus- tos. He read it with a smile, and patiently heard Pompey's long story through. When it was done, he sent to call Tatee to the house. She came, poor soul, and burst into tears at the sight of me, so woeful and desponding must have been my ap- pearance. " Ah, Mahmadee," said she, in our Houssa tongue, "you forsook Tatee -you tried to get back to Kashna, and left me a slave in Jamaica." " Forgive me, little mother," I said, humbly ; " I am now sensible that a more foolish attempt was never made. Tell old master I know I was a fool. I was born a king's son, and it is hard to be a slave, but I will be true to him for the future." My mistress spoke kindly to me, and for me to her husband, who merely said, gently, in re- sponse to her intercession, " Bacchus, I am not an- gry I am sorry ; but keep heart, my boy, I will try to lighten your load." RETURN TO ORANGE GROVE. 121 Tatee was impressed with the impossibility of my bettering my condition by running away ; and, besides that, she felt a sort of obligation to en- courage me in the ways of obedience, on account of our master having bought me, at her request, that we might remain together, though he did not care to have me on his own account. When I was expected back, she incited her husband, the cooper, who was a favorite with his master, to make interest for me, by setting forth my honesty and superior aptitude for service in the Great House. The letter from the liberal and kind- hearted Gustos tended to the same point, and the upshot of the matter was, that Pompey was or- dered to take me in training for a family ser- vant. Behold the power of kindness. One blow of the whip, when I was brought back, humbled and heart-sick, but truly disposed to repay a ready forgiveness with the most faithful obedience, would have destroyed my good intentions. I repeat, that one blow of the whip, at the crisis of my return to Orange Grove, would have changed an honest, willing boy into the crafty, deceitful time-server which slavery makes of most of my race. 122 THE PRINCE or KASHNA. The mild tones of my master, the gentle con- sideration of my mistress, who ordered Pompey to take me to the kitchen and see that the servants treated me well, the tearful welcome of poor Tatee, and the winning words of a lovely child, melted me into grateful afleetion, and molded me into a really attached and almost contented slave. MASTEK HENRY. 123 CHAPTER VIL MASTER HENBY. POMPEY conducted me into, the kitchen when I was dismissed to his care, and had something to eat produced forthwith. While we were partaking of it a beautiful child, with lovely flowing hair, bounded in, and, putting both of its small white hands on my great swarthy paw, demanded my name. " Mahmadee, my beautiful young master," I an- swered. " His name is Bacchus, Massa Henry," said Pompey. "Which is it?" the child asked, shaking back his curls and gazing in my face. "Mahmadee was my name when I was free and in my own country, but since I am a slave I am called Bacchus," I answered, in such English as I could muster. 0* 124 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. " Mahmadee is a pretty name. I shall call you Mahmadee," said the charming boy, still leaning with his hands upon me. "Don't you like to be called Mahmadee?" " I love it better than any other name, because it is my own," I replied ; and bending over, with a sudden impulse, I imprinted a fervent kiss on each of those little milk-white hands. "Why, Mahmadee, you have straight hair," the child exclaimed, in accents of surprise, as my bent head caught his eye. " It is because my father was a king and a descendant of the Prophet," I explained, in grave sincerity, for so Hadji Ali, Fatma, and others, had taught me to believe, in Kashna. " Oh, I have story-books about a fairy king. You shall read them. Was your father a fairy king?" warmly inquired Master Henry. I did not know what a fairy king was. I had never heard the name before, so I replied that I could not tell, but that my father was king of Kashna. " Well, you shall read all about it in my story- books, Mahmadee. I will give you one to-mor- row." MASTER HENKY. 125 " I wish I could read your books, my young master, but I have never learned how." " Well, you shall learn ; but come now and take me to walk," said the child, with pretty will- fulness, starting off to the door. Pompey directed me to do as Master Henry desired, and, only too glad to follow this capti- vating vision, I caught up my hat and went whither he pleased. We met Tatee not far from the door, and she briefly informed me that it was a little visitor whom the young ladies had lately brought with them from Montigo Bay, and made the pet and the life of the house. I felt the fatigue of the late trip, and with any other companion than this gay young prattler, who led me a bewildering chase all round the lawn and up and down the garden, I would have been glad of the release afforded me by the dinner-bell, when it called him away, but I parted with him reluctantly. I did not expect to have the pleasure of attending him so intimately again, and kissed his hands over and over in a sort of leave-taking, as one of the women appeared to repeat the sum- mons to dinner. The family dined about the time their slaves 126 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. had their supper; and after Master Henry van- ished into the house I loitered toward the hos- pital, not quite assured whether or no I was to be locked up at night with my fellow-runaways. There was nothing of the kind to fear. My par- don was free and absolute ; and, so far from being hindered, I was encouraged by Pompey to visit and talk with them in the evening, when they returned from their work to their sleeping quar- ters. They escaped almost as well as myself. They were locked up in the hospital at night for a month, and after that all three were allowed to take wives and settle down in their old places. They all soon became as able and contented hands as there were on the estate. Bryan was kept at hard labor in chains at Sa- vannah-la-Mar about the same length of time, as much for his violent assault on George as for his leading part in the runaway scrape. But George was forgiving, and the overseer stood his friend, for he was, in fact, an active, serviceable fellow. One fine Saturday evening, when all the other Africans were singing and dancing before the cooper's cabin, who should step into the ring but George and Bryan, as fine and friendly together as a pair of MASTER HENEY. 127 turtle-doves. In the Easter holidays Bryan chose a young sister of George's for his wife, and they had their provision-lots together. When I finally left the plantation, Bryan and George were both drivers, that is, each of them had a working-gang of field-hands under his direction. As my old comrades subsided into steady field- hands and I into a trusted house-servant, the dis- tance widened between us, and, with our new oc- cupations, we all thought and talked less of our native land. Meanwhile we saw no more of Cudjoe's duppy, and it remained a doubt with us whether we had been deceived, or whether it was really his ghost, which had threatened and forewarned us of our disgrace. The circumstance of his appearance preyed a long while on my mind, and we all thought our discomfiture a judgment on us for shedding the blood of one who had entertained us with food, though evidently a thief and a rogue, who had first robbed, and then would probably have betrayed us to the Maroons, had we given him an opportunity. But I love best to speak of Master Henry. The morning after our return to the plantation, Ponapey 128 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. roused me to feed the poultry, and help him groom the carriage-horses. This he told me would be my regular duty every morning, and it suited me ex- actly, for I am naturally fond of animals. I was in the midst of a small army of fowls, ducks, and tur- keys, and was stooping down to search into the ailment of a lame chicken, when Master Henry came behind and sprang upon my back : clasping his arms about my neck, he bade me play horse for him. Pleased to feel his arms about me, I hu- mored his playful caprice, and went curveting to the house, he digging his little naked feet into my side, in imitation of spurring, and I pretending to shy and leap, and both of us laughing in high glee. I held my head so low, that I did not see my mis- tress and almost ran against her, as I went to de- posit my burden on the back piazza. I started back in confusion, and, scarcely knowing what I did, I made my apology and reverence in the best style of Houssa. The lady only smiled in her own gentle way, and said, "Master Henry has fallen in love w-ith you, Mahmadee, and you must pay par- ticular attention to him." She then led the laugh- ing child into the house to be dressed, for he had MAST.EB, HENEY. 129 run out in his night-clothes on hearing my voice and the flutter of the poultry on the lawn. I went back to my work brim-full of content- ment. I was to attend to this charming Master Henry, " who had fallen in love with me " (heaven knows it was fervently reciprocated), and my mis- tress called me by my own name of Mahmadee. I fancy a vain young officer, newly promoted, must have some such sentiments of vastly increased self- importance as I did when I flourished about the carriage-horses that forenoon. It was a step a vast step forward for me, but yesterday a returned runaway, to be chosen for the particular attendant of that darling boy. He was my pride and joy, and he became winningly attached to me. He would be out betimes in the morning, aiding or, we both fancied he did, which was the same thing to feed the poultry. When he had gone through his morn- ing lessons, I would have done with the horses, and be quite ready to take him before me on one of them, for a ride round the park. I was quite at home in the cavalry department, as my old bushreen master had been a sort of horse- dealer in Africa, and I took a pride in presenting my Christian massa with his horses in the cleanest 130 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. and handsomest condition. So far from stealing their corn, as was a common practice among ne- gro servants, I felt rather an inclination to steal the corn to give them. But there was no need of that, for my master was a liberal provider ; and the old planter, seeing that I kept his beasts in beautiful condition, allowed me to take out Master Henry as often as we pleased, which was nearly every morning, after his French lesson was over. It was a month or two before either of the young ladies noticed me particularly, and when they did, it was owing to Master Henry's playful pranks. After the horses were attended to, it was my duty to have on a clean frock, and wait in the hall, attend the bell, and be at hand if wanted for a message. Above all, it was my welcome duty to keep a vigilant eye on the rest- less little Master Henry. Lighter work, kinder treatment, and a better will to deserve it, was never the lot of a slave. Little Henry was pleased to amuse himself teaching me to read. The young ladies had enjoyed the advantage of a French teacher; and believing that the younger it is ac- quired the better, they insisted on their pet re- peating over to one of them a short lesson every MASTER HENRY. 131 day,, until it was committed to memory. I was frequently present at these lessons, and invariably had them by heart before Henry had half mastered them. For practice, and to conceal what they chose to say to each other from vulgar ears, they used the French language between themselves al- most continually. I thus picked up a large, but rather promiscuous, assortment of French words, which I would parade off in the kitchen, to the unbounded envy and admiration of the other ser- vants, and often without the smallest idea of their meaning. Nevertheless, I did learn my letters, and that rapidly. Henry had teased his cousins to get him a new slate, that he might be able to give me his old one; and we used to set in the cool piazza and " play writing," while the rest of the family were taking their noon siesta. We often made English and Arabic letters by the hour. I was intensely anxious to acquire learning. It almost seemed to me that I should grow white in acquiring the white man's knowledge. The young ladies had ruled lines on Henry's slate with a nail, and used to write a word or two between them every day, as a copy more for his amuse- ment than for serious practice. Yet we both 132 THE PEINCE OF KASHNA. "played writing" with such a will, that our pro- gress became a subject of comment and surprise in the family. In my own desire to learn, I per- suaded Master Henry to "play reading and wri- ting" with me nearly every noontide. The Great House, aft the planter's own man- sion is universally styled in Jamaica, to distin- guish it from the village of other buildings be- longing to the estate, was very spacious, with ample room for a large family, but it was all of one story only. It had wide piazzas, and deep wings for baths and bed-chambers, with sashed doors opening upon a green secluded space, orna- mented with choice flowers. Among them a great variety of roses, which were never out of bloom the year round. This January I particularly re- member how their fragrance filled the air when I played horse to Master Henry, and brought him through this place to the rear door of the hall. Having now become familiar with this side of the Great House, I was often employed a short time in the early morning pulling up and carrying away the weeds. One morning, about sunrise, I had filled a basket in this way, and was stooping to carry it off, when down over head, neck, and shoul- MASTER HENRY*. 133 ders, came a heavy dash of cold water, closely fol- lowed by a triumphant laugh from Master Henry. I put both hands before my face and pretended to sob, eying, through my fingers, the young rogue the while, who stood at the window, balancing on the ledge the pitcher which he had just emptied over me. Observing that I continued to sob more bitterly, instead of echoing his merry laugh, his beautiful face clouded with regret, and I saw him leave the window, in order to come through the door and console me. I darted for the basket, in- tending to run round the corner of the wing and give him a nice chase to catch me. As my hand touched the basket, I saw something shining be- hind it, on the freshly weeded ground, which I caught up as I fled. Henry soon overtook me, of course, and then we examined my prize. "It is a guinea, Mahmadee," said Henry, at last. " It is a gold guinea, but it is older than old Nancy." Nancy was a cross, decrepit old black nurse, the terror of all the picaninnies, and such a dried-up mummy, that Henry thought the world and she must have been babies together. Rachel, a bright young mulatto, and the petted maid of Miss Lucy, joined us while we were hand- 134 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. ling and depreciating the gold piece, and she ad- vised me to hide it and say nothing about it. "Massa Henry will never tell of his Mahmadee, and we can buy plenty of lovely things with a gold guinea," she said, coaxingly. " No, I will take it to the mistress," said I, stoutly; for, young negro and ignorant boy as I was, I had no instinct for stealing. A feeling that revolted from making my sweet young Master Henry a partner in any sly trick was, perhaps, an additional motive. Besides that, in our retired situation, where there was nothing to buy, and every necessary freely provided, I had riot learned the value of money. Any way, I felt no special temptation to keep it, and therefore there was no special merit in my dispatching the flattened and battered coin forthwith to the Great House, by the hands of little Harry. He came flying back to say, " Uncle Davis wants to see you directly, Mahmadee." I followed him, with some trepida- tion, into the parlor, where I found both the young ladies standing by their father, and all of them in quite a state of excitement over the guinea. It was not a guinea, after all, but an ancient and very rare Italian coin, worth, as Miss Lucy MASTER HENKY. 135 remarked with great animation, " a purseful of new guineas to those who understood its scarcity and value." I believe its scarcity is the main part of its value, for there was no beauty to admire in it. It had been missing a long time, under pecu- liar circumstances. Miss Lucy had been exhibiting it one day to a young lady friend, and laid it down with her handkerchief on the dressing-table, and left it there. That much she remembered ; and when she was summoned to lunch, shortly after, she recollected it, and sent Rachel to bring it to her. Rachel brought the handkerchief, but could not find the money. Search was vainly made for the lost treasure it was nowhere to be found. Mr. Davis suspected Rachel of having secreted it, and Rachel's young mistress suspected the other ser- vants generally, but would listen to no imputation on her maid, and so the matter slipped by, until I had the extreme good fortune to find it. I have a right to say extreme good fortune, for it was a lucky finding for me. My master had called me in to reward me liberally for restoring the much- valued curiosity, and he now put it to my own choice, whether it should be a handsome Sunday suit, or what else. Money he was not disposed to 136 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. put in my hands ; but money's worth, to the value of a gold guinea, I should have, in any shape, at my own selection. I was so overcome with this sudden weight of riches, that I could do nothing but stammer out thanks upon thanks. I could not recollect a single wish at the critical moment when it might be had for the asking. Miss Lucy came to my aid. " Take time to think about it, Mahmadee," she said, pleasantly. " Consider well what you would like best, and when you have made up your mind, let me know." " I can tell you, Cousin Lucy," broke in Master Henry. " Mahmadee wants copy-books and an ink- stand. He told me so last night." The child had touched the true spring, though I had failed to hit it. I now caught at it eagerly. "If master pleases, I would like to write let- ters." " But you cannot read yet. You don't even know your alphabet, I fancy," Mr. Davis good-humoredly replied ; " unless it be such letters as you scrawl upon your slate." " Yes, indeed, papa, Mahmadee begins to spell short words, and even tries to read. You ought MASTER HENRY. 137 to hear him at his lessons with Cousin Henry,' re- joined Miss Lucy, archly smiling at the thought. "Yes, Uncle Davis, Mahmadee is a very atten- tive scholar," chimed in little Henry, in the words so often applied to himself, without, perhaps, so exactly deserving the praise. " So be it, then. Mahmadee (since you are all so bent on keeping to the boy's Mahometan name) shall be taught reading and writing. We will make him a scribe and a Christian, but never a Pharisee, I hope ;" and with these words he ended the conference. Rachel was very glad I had not taken her ad- vice to keep the gold piece for us which, being interpreted into English, meant for the purchase of finery for herself since it was such a precious con- cern to her young mistress. She had probably flirted it out of the window herself in taking up Miss Lucy's handkerchief; for, as she was a giddy creature, and declared she had never seen it in her life before to notice it she had no cause to be on her guard. The only wonder is, that it was never searched for on the outside for the dressing-table stood close beside the window instead of rushing 13S THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. so hastily to the conclusion that it must be .stolen by some one or other of the negro servants. It was a small affair to others, but not so to me, for I was immediately sent to an evening-school kept for free blacks, about a mile down the road, by a famous mulatto teacher and preacher. Fa- mous, I beg to be understood, among the negroes, and not unacceptable to the planters round about him for his useful Sunday lectures to their slaves. He was a curious genius, with a nose and upper face in amusing caricature of a likeness of William Pitt, which hung, in company with King George the Third, in the Orange Grove dining-room. This brown genius had a decided knack for teaching, and I caught with avidity at the oppor- tunity of acquiring knowledge, for I had often thought that if I had been a scholar, I could have imposed on all my masters and jailers, tyrants, and oppressors. I would have forged a pass, and so put off the illiterate Maroons, whose very memory I abhorred. I was determined to render myself ca- pable of over-reaching, on any future occasion, these bloodhounds ! They had acquired their free- dom by the means we had attempted, and then se- MASTER HENRY. 139 cured their vile grog-money supply, by waging war on all who should follow their example. What with the evening-school and the oppor- tunities I enjoyed with Master Henry, who would have me along when he was at his own lessons, I learned to read very speedily. I had been a tolera- bly apt scholar in Africa, and although I had never seen an Arabic character, except those I traced my- self, since I left my country, the early, constant, and careful cultivation my mind had received from the faithful Hadji Ali, had prepared me to learn with facility. I have also, from my youth upward, been blessed with a retentive memory. My mu- latto master loved to load me with lessons to learn by heart. He invariably took them from the Bible, and I fagged through a great many chapters of it, but I preferred story books Robinson Crusoe, Pe- ter Wilkins, the Arabian Nights, and. Fairy Tales. I found a translation of the Koran in my master's library, and I read that from time to time, but I confess, with some shame, I thought it very prosy, and very inferior, in general, to the Old Testament, but, all the same, I secretly plumed myself on my constancy to the true faith, and seldom missed say- ing my five prayers in Arabic, in the course of the 7 140 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. day or night. I considered this a sacred obligation, and entertained a vague fear that the reproving spirit of Hadji Ali would appear to me if I neg- lected it. My mistress did not urge me any more to be- come a Christian, neither did the young ladies lay any stress upon it, though they interested them- selves most kindly in my general improvement. Miss Lucy did not disdain to set me copies, and even made me *a present of a blank-book, and showed me how to keep a journal as she had been taught to do by her own instructors, in order to form correct habits of spelling and composition. Miss Emma, the youngest sister, wrote me out a multi- plication-table, which I learned in two days. I had a particular turn for calculation, which some of the learned Christians in England assured me, in after years, was the consequence of my brain's configura- tion. I became an adept in arithmetic, and I wrote, in a twelvemonth, a very creditable hand, so that my master employed me as a scribe, and made me also keep the house accounts. I had, by this time, learned to read with fluency, though I had rather too closely imitated the twang of my pig-nosed preceptor, whose assistant I became MASTER HENRY. 141 on Sundays, in the profound science of the alphabet. I had also the task of teaching his scholars, free children of color, to sing psalms, but I had the help of an old guitar, given to me by Miss Lucy for this purpose, and which she kindly taught me to tune. This instrument introduced me to the violin, on which, in after years, I acquired considerable power. I even studied thorough bass, and found out the art of tuning piano-fortes, as well as playing on them, after a fashion, in succeeding years. During these pursuits, my tutor never ceased dinging into my ears his arguments about my con- version, yet I must frankly declare that every repe- tition of them drove me farther from the haven to which he would have urged me. He was proud of heart, and mean of understanding, a narrow-minded bigot, and, as I unfortunately discovered, not too pure of life. I could not bring myself to believe in the lectures of a man, who, if not a set hypocrite, was, at least, a contemptibly weak sinner. Long before I had reached this point of my life, a heavy misfortune had fallen upon me. A misfor- tune that dressed my master's family in deepest mourning. Henry, the gay darling whose merry, loving ways was the delight of all hearts, was sud- 142 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. denly taken from us. It was not long after the Easter holidays, a period of revelry, next to the Christmas week, for the whites, and a time for frolic and feasting among the slaves, when some friends of the family came to Orange Grove, and persuaded the young ladies to return with them for a week's visit, and take little Harry along. My mistress al- most insisted that her " young chatter-box," as she fondly called him, should remain with her, as the house would be too lonesome, if all the children went away at once. Henry had heard of the proposed trip, however, and wanted to have a carriage-ride with his cousins, so he pouted up his rosy lips, and coaxed and kissed a consent out of his " dear, sweet Aunty Davis," and was gayly carried off by the rest of them. I was so used to him and his lively, laugh- ing little ways, that I felt as if the whole plantation and all the people in it drove away in that carriage. It left me more spare time to study, but I felt so lost without him, that I could not settle myself con- tentedly to any thing like a lesson, though I at- tended the evening school as usual. To pass away the time more lightly, and to have a little present ready to welcome his return, I em- ployed myself in weaving a Medinet pouch, similar MASTER HENRY. 143 to the one I had been helped to by Ben of the work-house, but of a size suitable for Henry's child- ish figure. My mistress, seeing me working at it so zealously every odd minute, inquired at last who it was for, and, when I told her, she smiled and said, " I guessed as much," and then added, pleasantly, "The carriage is to go for them to Cross Roads Lodge on Saturday, in time to be home to dinner, and you may ride over on the box with the coach- man." " If mistress would allow me to ride the pony, Master Henry would be pleased to have it part of the way," I ventured to suggest, for Henry had become quite a little horseman under my tuition, and loved nothing better than a ride on this gentle- paced animal, who was rightly named Easy. Mrs. Davis readily consented, and Easy and I were at Cross Roads Lodge an hour before the appointed time. It was a place rarely occupied by its owners, who lived at a larger and more convenient mansion several miles further on ; but it had been arranged that they were to spend a few weeks at the Lodge, and from thence interchange a round of festivities with Orange Grove and the neighboring planta- tions. 144 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. In the excess of my blind love I felt a pang of disappointment that the lively darling, who at home would hardly stay a whole hour away from me by day or night, had so forgotten me in a single week, that, instead of bounding out to meet me, as I had fondly promised myself he would the moment the carriage drew up, he neither made his appear- ance nor sent for me to come to him. Miss Lucy leaned from the window and asked if all were well at home, and then retired without adding a word. After a while a servant of the house said, from the door, "Master Henry wants his own boy Mahma- dee." I flew up the stairs, but as I stepped into the parlor, I saw Henry reclining on the arm of a sofa with a pillow under his head. A pale, slender gentleman was leaning over him, and Miss Lucy was sitting beside him holding his hand. He with- drew it and held it out to me. "I want to go home to Aunty Davis, Mahma- dee. I am sick." He spoke in his natural tone, almost, but his face was very red and his beautiful eyes were heavy. " The carriage is at the door," I said, looking at Miss Lucy for orders. She glanced from little Henry to the tall gentleman. MASTEB HENRY. 145 "You will attend your young mistresses in their carriage, and I will take Master Henry home in mine," said the gentleman, without waiting for her answer. " I want Mahmadce to go with me," said little Henry, sitting upright, in his sweet, earnest way. " Can't Mahmadee come with me, Cousin Lucy ? Can't he, Uncle Holgrave ?" " Certainly, my dear boy, if you wish it. You will allow Mahmadee a place by your man, Mr. Holgrave ?" turning to the gentleman, who bowed assent. Little Henry entreated to go at once. He rose from the sofa and made a step or two, but stag- gered, and I caught him in my arms. " My head aches, Mahmadee," he murmured, and dropped it on my shoulder. I bore him to the carriage, and supported him in my arms all the way home. It was a sad arrival to Mrs. Davis, who loved him so well, and was un- prepared to meet him in a burning fever. I carried him to his bed, and was never far from it until he left it for the last time. The dear boy was spared much suffering, though the fever was so rapid that in one short week he was laid in his holy 146 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. rest in the family grave-yard. Every thing that love and care, wealth and skill could do, was done for that darling child. He wandered a little some- times, but he/ knew me always, and knew me to the last. He departed just as the sun was setting on the seventh day. Only a few minutes before he said, with a sweet, a heavenly smile, " Don't cry for me, dear Aunty Davis. Mah ma dee " The name melted softly from his parted lips, and with it his innocent spirit rose to heaven. I had suppressed my grief to wait upon him while there was life and hope, and even after his spirit had left the form, while his beautiful face lay calm and uncovered, my pent-up grief was still, though my heart was bursting. But when he was laid hi that deep bed, and the black earth was filled over my loving angel, I lost all self-control. I cared not for person or place. I thought I could think only of this: "I shall never, never see my sweet, my good, my kind little Henry again." I was really insane, I think, the night after the funeral, for I stole out to his fresh grave and cried myself asleep upon it. The plantation-bell awoke me at six in the morning. I arose and dragged my MASTER HENRY. 147 heavy heart and aching limbs to the stable, for a slave must not neglect his duties because his heart is breaking. Ned, Mr. Holgrave's own servant, reached there as soon as I did. He had orders from his master to relieve me that morning from my stable-work. I went back to the grave-yard and gave way to a fresh burst of tears. Some one touched me gently, and said, mildly, " "Will you assist me to plant a white rose at little Henry's feet ?" It was Mr. Holgrave. We selected and planted the white rose and a fragrant jessamine, with many other flowers, about that sacred bit of earth. I wept as I worked, but the labor of love consoled me. I went the next morning to water the plants, and, while thus engaged, I was told that I was to go home with Mr. Holgrave, and his man Ned was to remain at Orange Grove. Ned was to take charge of the stables, and I was to fill his place by going to Savannah-la-Mar, for a month or two, as Mr. Holgrave's personal attendant. It was at first much the same to me whether I went or stayed, but in a few days I became truly grate- ful for the change of place. ' 14:8 THE PKINCE OF KASHNA. CHAPTER Vin. NEW SCENES. MB. HOLGBAVE was little Henry's guardian, and he was worthy of such a precious trust. I rever- enced him, and my service with him made another distinct era in my life. He was an educated Hadji Ali. I write it with reverential love, with pro- found respect, with all due regard to his high po- sition as a white gentleman in universal esteem. Still, I deem my dear old tutor one in a thousand among even the chosen of the good, and I cannot feel that I am wanting to the memory of the just, excellent, and observing Mr. Holgrave, in saying that my African benefactor was, in his own country and condition, eminent for the same virtues that distinguished the Jamaica gentleman. They both loved to do charitable deeds, both were faithful students, both had inveterate habits of domestic independence, they were both apart from and above the level of the people around them, and, above all, NEW SCENES. 149 both- each in his own degree were true friends to me. Even the situation of their dwellings had a kind of resemblance, only that ours in Africa, the house of a rich priest, and an extensive slave-trader, had no equal in Kashna, except the king's house in the day of Abdalla, my father ; while that of Mr. Holgrave was poor and inconvenient for a gentle- man of his standing. His books and his personal quiet were Mr. Holgrave's luxuries, and those he enjoyed completely, if any man ever did. He lived in a small wooden house, near Savan- nah-la-Mar, built upon stone buttresses, with some cocoa-nut trees in front, and a garden behind. It was never lonely, and, among others, we had abun- dance of visitors of color. My master had some skill in medicine, which, perhaps, was one great attraction; but the pleasure of his company and conversation was the chief inducement, I believe, for he was a most especial favorite with these sim- ple people. They frequently brought him presents of fruit, and would come with their baskets at other times, as if to offer their vegetables for sale, but they rarely left without begging "a lilly drop of medicine." He put in plenty of sugar with wine or spirits, in which the peel of the bitter orange had 150 THE PBINCE OF KASHNA. been steeped (a simple and unrivaled tonic by the way), and other things which could do no harm, and might do good. He kept bottles of these prep- arations on hand for distribution. I had to measure out doses from these bottles almost every day, and soon became interested in their preparation. I ob- served Mr. Holgrave and his very clever, but mar- velously ugly black cook, were exceedingly care- ful to follow the recipes, and that inspired me with faith. Mrs. Bates (we black slaves pique ourselves on our politeness, and always address each other by suitable titles), Mrs. Bates then, the Congo cook } knew these pet recipes practically by heart, and was astonished beyond measure, when I came out one day to assist her, paper in hand, and read off as only a conceited puppy could read the directions from Mr. Holgrave's written notes. "Hi! you brack niggar read doctor larnin?" she exclaimed. " Whar you come from ? You born so ?" In place of enlightening cook as to whether I was born a reader, I went, with increased magnifi- cence, into some such important matter as " strain the water and keep the vessel closely covered," and wound up grandly by expressing a patronizing con- NEW SCENES. 151 fidence in the superior efficacy of the prescriptions. I declared them so excellent, that I should write out copies for my own use. The old woman was completely subdued. "Mr. Mahmadee" (hitherto, being but a mere boy, she had disdained to Mister me), " oh, Mr. Mahmadee, make a paper for I. Much pain here," laying her hand on her chest. " Give I paper for cure him." I was trying to impress upon her the folly and inefficacy of this negro superstition ^of applying the paper outside, when, in the loftiest flight of ex- patiation, I happened to turn toward the door, and there, to my confusion, I saw, scarce two feet out of it, Mr. Holgrave. In his usual attitude, with one hand in his coat breast, he stood with an air of composed attention ; and not even when I collapsed, in silent confusion, did he wither me with so much as a smile of contempt. " I am not sure but the prescription might do cook some good, since she desires it so much" he said gravely, and, without a moment's hesitation, entering on the subject at the point where the dis- covery of his presence had killed it, like a bird shot on the wing. "She might try it written on clean, 152 THE PEINCE OF KASHNA. thick paper, well oiled, and laid between folds of old flannel before it is applied to the chest." I was too abashed to reply. "Take care to rub the flesh well night and morning, cook," he added, turning his serious face toward the old woman, who stood bobbing at him a succession of grateful courtesies at every other word. " I trust the faith, the liniment, and the friction will help do her good, Mahmadee, and the paper can do her no harm," said Mr. Holgrave, as he walked back to his arm-chair in the piazza. I copied some Latin formula or other, in a large, straggling hand I could do no better then and cooky applied it as directed, with the most brilliant results. She considered her cure but little short of miraculous. She did not stay cured, how- ever ; and about the time Mr. Holgrave and I went back to Orange Grove, she had added some Obeah charm to our Latin prescription, and thought their united forces were " killin' de pains fast." I had begged him to favor me with something in Latin to copy for th cook. I thought it would be more impressive from being more unintelligible and also less likely to. lose its magic powers by the chance possibility of reaching profane eyes. Mr. N E W S C E N E S . 153 Holgrave furnished me with paper to stitch into a kind of book, and I nearly filled it up with useful selections, which he singled out for me. But, to my taste, his gift of gifts was a book of ballads. It was an old edition of songs arid ballads of the Robin Hood and Chevy Chace order. That book taught me to find a meaning in the words I read. I learned Chevy Chace almost before I slept. A ballad of Robin Hood, in which he dilates on the charms of the wild wood, Mr. Holgrave taught me to declaim in character, for the amusement of his friends. Fancy a blacJc Robin Hood, declaring, " in kirtle green, with bended bow," that "England's king was less the lord of his forest dales and antlered deer, than the bold outlaw and his merry men." Yet, had it occurred to us which I think it never did Jamaica even then possessed a startling paral- lel to the merry men of Sherwood, in the lawless and defiant Maroons, who so long held the forest hills of the island, in spite of the most strenuous ef- forts of many successive governors. Was this black Robin Hood, with his wild boast, and woodland garb, one of Mr. Holgrave's keen, though quiet, ironies ? It only now occurs to me that it is very possible it had an arrow in it. 154: THE PRINCE OF K A s 11 N A . At all events, it was a serious and downright fact that Mr. Holgrave took great pleasure in my im- provement. He never spoke of my faith ; he did not read the Bible with me, nor explain it ; he al- ways referred me to Mr. Wodenlone, and told me to open my ears to his words on Sundays, and open my mouth and thank God, every night of my life, for my youth, health, and opportunities. However, Mr. Holgrave talked to me freely on all other subjects. He showed me how the world was round, and that the stars might be worlds. He also taught me the use of maps, and explained to me many of the dis- coveries which have been made in the mysteries of nature. I felt the most excessive gratitude to Mr. Holgrave, and to my master and his family also, for the instructions I had received from them. I for- got to dream of my liberty, nor did any of these good people ever even mention the subject to me. I did my work as usual, waited at table, and at- tended to the horses. I also kept a journal of all occurrences of any moment, as Miss Lucy had rec- ommended me to do, though I never could revert to the first five pages without a swelling heart, for they were taken up almost entirely with what NEW SCENES. 155 u Master Henry said," and what "Master Henry and I" did with our slates and the horses. I have that old journal to this day, and it is only since I began these feeble recollections, that, having turned to it to seek some dates I needed, I noted the mile-stones of my progressive steps. Then I saw the pale traces of the tear-marks where I had kissed the scrawls that darling boy made, by way, as he said, of helping me " write journal." It was, perhaps, the very last time his little hand held pen or pencil. I had barely reached the point of proficiency which induced Miss Lucy to propose my keeping a kind of journal, and this was the book she gave me for the purpose a little before they went on that fatal, fatal visit. Mr. Holgrave directed me as a point of my regular duty to write down on a slate every even- ing the occupations of the day, and copy it at noon in my journal. " I beg pardon, sir," I said to him one day, when he called for the book, and found nothing had been recorded for nearly a week, "I am sorry to appear so lazy, but there has been nothing to write about." " Nonsense, Mahmadee! You go to market, 156 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. you exercise the horses every day, and you do a great deal in the way of medical prescriptions. Use your eyes, my boy, and you will see enough every day to fill a book. I only insist on four or five lines, but those must be regularly served up neat and clean, mind you every day, while you are with me. See that you do not disappoint me." By this kind discipline I was instructed, and meanwhile I was led, by constant occupation, to overcome my disposition to brood over the loss of little Henry. Oh how I dreaded the time when I should have to leave Mr. Holgrave ! There were two circumstances connected with this visit to Savannah-la-Mar which in themselves would have been sufficient to render it of lasting interest. The first dated from the night of our arrival at the margin of the sea. We reached the house of an old college friend of Mr. Holgrave's about dark, and there we supped and stayed all night. I cannot say slept, for sleeping was out of the question. Mr. Holgrave had remained up chat- ting with his friend rather later than was usual with him, and he had not much more than put out his candle, and I, drowsily, stretched my limbs for re- pose, when the most horrible clatter startled me. NEW SCENES. 157 I listened in breathless suspense. It sounded to me as if ten thousand work-house prisoners were strik- ing off their fetters by pounding them with stones, as I saw Bryan vainly attempt' with his, after our capture by the Maroons. Then hurried voices were heard, as if the guards had discovered the purpose, and were interfering to prevent it. The din was bewildering, and I ventured to speak to Mr. Hoi- grave through the open door, and ask him what the noise meant. He replied by telling me to strike a light. The flint and steel lay on the table near him, and as I stepped toward it I perceived him, half dressed, standing upright on his bed. Just then lights flashed up through the window on his face, and I turned my anxious looks to him for succor. The clattering din continued, increased, came nearer, but there was no change in his calm, grave face. I believe nothing could drive that man into a show of fear any more than a show of violent temper. How I managed to strike a light, Heaven only knows, for I scarcely moved my eyes from Mr. Holgrave's, and they were as steadily fixed on mine. Neither was a light necessary in that bed-room, for the red glare of torches frpm the outside illuminated it in every corner with wavering flashes, as if keep- 158 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. ing time with the frightful, never-ceasing din. Yet I did, somehow, get a candle alight, and held it, with an unsteady hand, I fear, toward Mr. Hoi- grave. " Set it on the washstand, Mahmadee," said he, speaking in the calmest manner, and for the first time since the clamor began. " If they get in here, you had better take to the dressing-table." " Who are they, sir ? the Maroons ?" " The Maroons ?" And he almost smiled. " No, my poor Mahmadee. The Maroons would hardly venture to take this place by storm, as the crabs are doing." " The crabs, sir ?" I felt slightly reassured by that calm tone and half smile, but not quite, for the confusion outside had, if any thing, become more bewildering. " Certainly, all this fuss is about crabs, and nothing but crabs. Have you never heard of the black crabs of Jamaica ? They are a great luxury ; one of the choicest of the gifts of Nature to men who live for eating. You shall have a surfeit of them to-morrow, I can promise you that," said Mr. Holgrave, sitting down on the bed. "I hope, sir, I shall find them more agreeable SCENES. 159 after they are cooked than I do now," I answered, very cheerfully. My courage had come home again upon this explanation. The clamor, though equally loud and continued, did not strike upon the ear with such a terrible jar when I understood that it was only made by innocent, eatable crabs, and the people who were catching them. The irruption had burst suddenly upon that locality in the form of a compact mass of crabs, a black but moving carpet, rising and spreading back from the beach over every thing in its path for a mile. We were in a one-story house, and our chamber looked to- ward the sea. They have been known to climb a house-wall in solid phalanx, search a path through and over the apartments in their direct line, and drive the inmates to take refuge on the highest pieces of furniture until they had passed. The only harm they do, is to pinch somewhat sharply any thing that is caught within their claws. Mr. Holgrave heard the invading army clatter- ing among the out-buildings, and thought they might get into the house, but he said he was prin- cipally interested in noting my unqualified bewilder- ment. " But," said he, finally, " you are no coward, 160 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. Mahmadee. It is a blessing to have steady nerves, and I wish you joy of yours." I was not so sure of my courage ; but I thanked him for his kind opinion, and asked permission to go out and have a share in the stir of the night. It was readily granted, and I was soon in the midst of it. The road was lit up with scores, nay, hundreds of torches, in the hands of the " crabbers." Women and children, as well as men, were swarm- ing, with bags and baskets, along the outskirts of the steady column, gathering up the stragglers. But the main body moved on, in unbroken com- pactness, neither hastening nor slackening its course, nothing impeding its progress, nothing diverting myriads from their line. When I went out they were moving in a close black sheet over a long, temporary shed in the corner of the yard, and the low-roofed stable adjoining it, and thence straight along to the end of the back piazza, and, beyond it, into the road again. I had left the house by a side door, and was at once on the fretted and broken edge of this wonderful legion ; and, mingling with the excited crowd of hunters, I followed the current up-stream for half a mile, and had not yet reached the sea, nor come to the end of the column. SCENES. 161 I came upon something else, however, that startled the crabs entirely out of sight. I had left behind almost the last of a set of mean hovels, that looked as if they were ashamed of themselves, and had straggled away from the town, to get out of the sight of decent people. Passing them, I was picking my way along in search of where the crabs started from the sea, and was thinking of nothing else in the world, when a kind of groan, close in front of me, caused me to lift my eyes from the ground. Plainly before me, perfectly visible in the flickering glare of the not distant torches, a duppy Cudjoe's duppy was staring me into stone. I was dumb with consternation, but I felt that my senses were not disordered. I knew that it was Cudjoe. He stood leaning on his staff, just as I saw him when he appeared to us runaways at the hut of the drunken watchman, threatening us with the misfortunes that had but too surely overtaken us. He slowly extended his hand, as if about to renew the curse. I threw up both of mine in an agony of deprecation, and recoiled a step in silent dismay. " What, you no shake hands ? Him mighty high for nigga slave, but all same to Cudjoe." 162 THE PKINOE OF KASHNA. " Is that you yourself, Cudjoe ?" I exclaimed, in a revulsion of feeling impossible to describe, when, with the first rough, but hearty and natural, tones of his voice, came the sure faith that it was no ghost, but a living presence of flesh and blood. Crab-hunting had lost its charms for that night. I only cared to hear what had brought Cudjoe so far from his hut, and how he came to dog our steps that night. The explanation was simple enough, as such marvels generally are when we obtain the clew. The old rascal was a Maroon scout himself, and owned he would have led us into the net the first night after we met him, and so saved us " de trubel to walkee, walkee, tree day, an' do nuffin," but that our obstinate refusal to be guided by him, and the explosion of the powder-horn, had spoiled his game. He went by a short " cross-cut " over the hill to the other hut, not to intercept us, for he was, in fact, surprised to meet us there, but to get something for his hurts, but he could not keep from "cursing" us when we came so conveniently before him. He owned that he put the other Maroons on the track, but, to his loud indignation, the men who captured us refused to share the reward with him. It was to claim some portion of this and some other blood- NEW SCENES. 163 money, that he had now taken this long trip. Mr.^ Holgrave extracted all this out of the old Maroon in about ten minutes the next morning, while he was sipping his chocolate, and, to my inexpressible de- light, he assured him that all the money that ever would be paid on our account had already been handed over to our Maroon captors. The next night, the old fellow was out again with the crab- bers, and the next night after that, as well. I met him on both ; for from dawn to dark, for three nights, did the teeming legions swarm lip from the sea, and as regularly lose themselves out of view when the sun was up. The old sinner caught and feasted on their delicious flesh, until, with plenty of that, and the liberal aid of sundry bottles of new rum, Cudjoe became consoled, and departed in peace to his own rural shades. The case might have been slightly different had he accepted my pressing invi- tation to visit at Orange Grove the friends he had entertained up among the cascades of the Agua Alta. I made another acquaintance at that time, which I was fully as much delighted to retain as I was to lose sight of Cudjoe and his duppy and that is put- ting a strong case in the way of defining the extent 8 164 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. of my satisfaction. Among the persons of color who came to see Mr. Holgrave, was a rich quad- roon, who lived two or three miles in the country, on a handsome place of her own. Even the white ladies of that aristocratic little Savannah-la-Mar es- teemed Madam Felix for her charitable character and amiable manners. She came from St. Domingo with her husband, an English merchant, long a resi- dent at Port au Prince, but who was forced to leave the country during its sanguinary war of races. He bought this estate and some other property about there, in which he was much guided and as- sisted by the judicious advice of Mr. Holgrave, but he did not live long to enjoy his new home. His death left Madam Felix a rich widow, with all the right and title to the property in the amplest legal form, but with a drop of gall superadded to her cup of loneliness. Being tainted, though but in a minor degree, with the blood of the outcast Afri- can, and having been married by a Catholic priest, the rank of wife and widow was denied her by the ladies of pure, unmixed European descent, and she submitted with singular patience to her enforced position. She received, with polite hospitality, the visits of a few persons of her own country, who had NEW SCENES. 165 taken refuge in Jamaica, but rarely made any her- self. Mr. Holgrave was a marked exception to this rule. He visited her rarely, while she called on him about once a week. But then he was her solicitor, and, of course, she had to consult him frequently. She made her visits in the most correct style, hav- ing always with her her maid Yictorine, and some- times a bewitching little romp, whom she called her ward, and treated like an adopted daughter, and who bore the very suitable name of Aimee. This spoiled child was a dark quadroon ; a shade lighter than Victorine, but not so fair as Madam Felix. This trio never spoke any thing but French with each other, or with Mr. Holgrave, so that, at first, their visits did not promise me much pleasure. Madam Felix spoke very little English, and laugh- ingly declared she had no use for the language, for every creature she had ever seen in her life, that was worth speaking to at all, understood French. She was a liberal and indulgent mistress, and a most devoted friend. I saw she admired Mr. Hol- grave, and liked me because I was a favorite with him, and still more, perhaps, because she noticed my assiduity to serve him in the way it best pleased him to be served that I was vigilant to meet every 166 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. wish, and, as he often said, was quick and quiet about my duties. "You ought to live with Mr. Holgrave always. He loves you and you love him. You must not leave him," she said to me one day, when some of Mr. Holgrave's numerous patients had called him out of the parlor. I replied, from the bottom of my heart, that I wished, above all things, to remain with him. " C^est bien. We'll manage it. I will write to Mr. Davis, your master, and you must beg of your mistress to favor our little plot, for the cher philo- sopJie needs an honest, attentive, affectionate boy like you in his sick-turns." Here we were interrupted by the return of Mr. Holgrave, and Madam Felix took her leave. On her next visit, which was the farewell one, for we were packing up for Orange Grove, Madam Felix made me the handsome present of a fancy suit, in which to recite Robin Hood in character. At the same time she slipped in the letter to my master, with an injunction not to mention it to any other person, not even Mr. H., until my purchase should be an accomplished fact. Victorine was as gracious as her mistress in her parting words, rather more so, SCENES. 167 for she bade me " make haste and grow up, for she was only waiting for that, to marry me." I replied that it was an engagement ; but when I attempted to snatch a kiss in ratification of the bargain, she boxed my ears, and said that all the kinks had been boxed and pulled out of my hair for my impertinence to the girls. Aimee, Madam Felix's lively little ward, brought her parting present also, in the shape of a package of her own French story-books, to which she added a handsome new prayer-book in the same language. This she very earnestly enjoined me to read, for she said she wanted to meet me in heaven when she went there with her dear Aunt Felix. I had made some start in reading French, and these books were a help and a consolation in many a weary evening at Orange Grove. As to the Book of Prayer, I to this day guard it as a peculiar treasure, though I do not follow its forms. 168 THE PRINCE OF KASHNA. CHAPTER IX. THE MISSIONARY. WE returned to Orange Grove on a pleasant Saturday afternoon. Tatee had come down this road to meet us, though she could only courtesy to the passing carriage and wave a smiling welcome to me. The affectionate creature knew I could not quit Mr. Holgrave and the horses, but she felt it would be kind, or, as she worded it, "mo lucky," if the first thing I met on my return should be a friendly face, with an intimation that all was well. Rachel was with the young ladies and their mamma, on the front piazza, when we drove up. They had all hastened out to receive their dear Cousin Hol- grave, whose superior qualities they were them- selves so well fitted to appreciate. While the ladies were exchanging greetings and family news with him, Rachel was turning my silly young head with her flattering praises. I spoke "buckra for true" that is, used the language of a white gentleman THE MISSIONARY. 169 and had, she assured me, " ways Visely like Massa Holgrave." Heaven knows I watched and aped every word and motion of my honored patron ; and to be told by a disinterested observer that I was precisely like him in language and manners, fairly intoxicated me with delight. I paid back Rachel, partly in kind, by asserting that she was the very image of Belle Bessie, the prettiest colored girl in Savannah-la-Mar. w This was a quadroon, whose proper name was Bessie Bell, which the white gentlemen had changed to Belle Bessie. She had about the size and figure of Rachel, who was a tall, comely, well-built damsel of fifteen, but their faces were not much alike, for Rachel had the negro cast of features, while Belle Bessie, as I noticed on an after-acquaintance, had a finely-cut profile of Grecian regularity. However, Rachel was handsome enough to please me won