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 AGGRAVATING LADIES 
 
 BEING 
 
 A LIST OF WORKS PUBLISHED UNDER THE PSEUDONYM OF 
 
 " A LADY," WITH PRELIMINARY SUGGESTIONS 
 
 ON THE ART OF DESCRIBING BOOKS 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHICALLY. 
 
 BY 
 
 OLPHAE HAMST 
 
 "The time is cominc; when really learned men will again be ashamed of 
 not seeing the value of all the uses of mind : when nothing but thought- 
 lessness or impudence, mercurial brain or brazen forehead, will aver that 
 no knowledge is practical, except that which ends in the use of material 
 instruments."— Prof. Do Morgan (Arithmetical Books 1847, p. 54). 
 
 LONDON 
 
 BERNARD QUARITCH 15 PICCADILLY 
 
 1880.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Preface ... ... ... ... ... 5 
 
 Preliminary Remarks ... ... ... 7 
 
 How to describe a Book ... ... ... 9 
 
 Cataloguing ... ... ... ... 10 
 
 Of different descriptions of books ... ... 15 
 
 Matters to be attended to in Cataloguing ... 21 
 
 Style of Printing ... ... ... ... 27 
 
 Punctuation ... ... ... ... 29 
 
 The beginning and the end ... ... ... 30 
 
 Of errors ... ... ... ... 32 
 
 On the means of identifying the authors of anonymous and 
 
 pseudonymous publications ... ... 35 
 
 List of Works by a Lady .. . ... ... 40 
 
 Advertisements ... ..^ ... ... 52 
 
 Index ... ... ... ... ... 54 
 
 98*7-?.?^
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 In the course of collecting materials for my "Handbook of 
 Fictitious Names of Authoi'S of the Nineteenth Century," I 
 came across the titles of a number of works purporting to 
 be written by "A Lady," the authorship of which appeared 
 to be unknown. 
 
 It occurred to me that I might probably ascertain the 
 names of many of the authors, and also proper descriptions 
 of such of the books as I had not seen, and was unable 
 to see, if I printed a list of them. As however, the essen- 
 tial points to be attended to, in the proper description of 
 a book, are little understood, I thought it would be desir- 
 able to prefix to the list a few suggestions on the way to 
 supply correct information. These gradually developed, so 
 that I soon found the subject required more space, more 
 time, and more consideration than I at first imagined. 
 
 In the hope that I might obtain assistance from others, 
 and with a view to getting hints and exciting discussion, 
 I wrote an article for " Notes and Queries," which was 
 printed in the numbers for January and April of 1872, 
 entitled, " How to describe a Book." I now go more fully 
 into the matters that I consider require attention in the 
 proper description of a book. 
 
 An explanation of the title of this essay will no doubt 
 be looked for in the preface. It is very simple. In my 
 searches for the Authors' names, the ladies in this list 
 have resisted all enquiry in the most aggravating manner. 
 Therefore I took the title of Aggravating Ladies as being 
 concise and appropriate. 
 
 The information asked for relates only to English Lite- 
 rature of the 19th century, to which period I confine my- 
 self entirely. The anonymous and pseudonymous writers 
 during this century being more than sufficient to occupy 
 a whole life of laborious application.
 
 6 PKEFACE. 
 
 I have not included in the list any phrases such as : — A 
 \/M\y of Rank — A fjady of Distinction —A Lady of Hebrew 
 faith — A Banished Lady — A Young Lady — A too generous 
 Young Lady — nor, A Lady of distinction, who has witnessed 
 and attentiveh" studied what is esteemed truly graceful and 
 elegant amongst the most refined nations of Europe (!) The 
 pseudonym of the author of The Mirror of the Graces, or an 
 English lady's costume [treating of] . . .taste. . .grace ; modesty 
 ...dress... ; rank... in life ;...of accomplishments ;...the mind 
 ...means of preserving beauty...; by a lady, &c. London, 
 Crosby & Co., ISIL 
 
 On the other hand I have inserted same titles which have 
 been entered in different catalogues as by "a lady," when 
 those words do not occur on the title. Such woi'ks probably 
 being really \n-itten by a lady, the publisher naturally de- 
 sired they should go forth with that impress of good faith 
 and with all the prestige attaching to that talismanic little 
 word. 
 
 As I have already explained, my list comprises only works 
 published in the present century, whose authors are unknown 
 to me. I have a longer list of works by "a lady," whose 
 names are known, and wdio have therefore ceased to be aggra- 
 vating. I do not give the title wdien I know the name of 
 the author because I am now seeking not supplying infor- 
 mation. 
 
 Another list as long as that I give at the end I have not 
 printed, not having been able to see the books themselves 
 so as to describe them from actual inspection. 
 
 I shall be grateful for information as to any of the works, 
 or the lives of these Aggravating Ladies. 
 
 38, Doughty Street, W.C 
 July, 1880.
 
 PEELIMINARY REMAKES. 
 
 Wliat's in a name ? 
 
 Ask the booksellers, and they will teU you, much in the title- 
 page of a new book. . . . 
 
 The making up of a taking title-page, seems to have been 
 the peculiar province of the bookseller, time out of mind. 
 — Fly leaves.. ..London [published and edited by] John 
 Miller, 1854. 
 
 Aftbr a perusal of my list I thiuk every gentleman will 
 agree with me that Ladies really are very aggravating. It 
 would be curious to hear the exclamation of any lady who 
 has -written as "A lady," upon looking it over. She would 
 probably exclaim that when she wrote as " A lady," she 
 thought she was the only one, or at all events one of the 
 first. 
 
 The authoress of: " How to dress on £15 a year as a 
 lady, by a lady," would no doubt be surprised to find such 
 a long list for the present century alone. I mention this 
 flowing and somewhat vigorously written little work ; but it 
 is of too recent a date for me to make any enquiry for the 
 author's name, especially as it is a secret that, from the pre- 
 sent popularity of the book, is not likely to be long kept. (1) 
 For I have remarked that though these ladies do not like 
 placing their names on their books, yet there is little desire 
 to disguise the authorship, and enquiries are generally soon 
 satisfied if a work has attained any success. They like 
 to see themselves in print, so long as there is no infringe- 
 ment of the patent of modesty. 
 
 (1) Since this was written (1875) the author's name has been 
 divulged, and there has also been a Chancery Suit in relation to the 
 work. I have put the book in the list which follows as an illustra- 
 tion of some of my remarks.
 
 8 FUEIJMINARY REMARKS. 
 
 The inferonco from this is that my list is composed chiefly 
 of works that have not become famous or popular, which is 
 the fact. If secrosy were their object, it has to the present 
 time been attained, for tliey have defied my researches. 
 Nevertheless I believe that to some one of the author's 
 friends or relations she has been known, but " no man is a 
 prophet in his own country," and friends and relations very 
 often care too little for what literary ladies are doing to 
 follow Captain Cuttle's advice and " make a note " of an 
 author's name. Knowledge is often the greatest enemy to 
 the recording of facts. People often know so well whom a 
 book is by, that they are not even aware of itspseudonimity. 
 The majority of novel readers never know the name of the 
 author, nor do they care to enquire, and much prefer reading 
 a novel "By the author of " some previous work which has 
 interested them. 
 
 In many cases I am asking for information which the 
 authoresses do not conceal, and which is well known though 
 unknown to me. 
 
 Thus 1 ascribe my not knowing the name of the aiithor 
 rather to the fact of there being no one to make a note of it 
 when found, than any desire on the fair writer's part to re- 
 main unknown. When a lady has written her first work as "a 
 lady" she seldom adopts that denomination in her second 
 work; but more frequently uses the term "By the author of 
 the previous work, or " By a lady, author of," etc.
 
 HOW TO DESCRIBE A BOOK. 
 
 " If yoii are troubled with a pride of accuracy, and would 
 have it completely taken out of you, print a catalogue." 
 (Author iiuknown). 
 
 Dr. Aikin used to say, that nothing is such an obstacle to 
 the production of excellence as the power of producing 
 what is pretty good with ease and rapidity. The Circu- 
 lator [1825] quoted in the Manual of Laconics by John 
 Taylor, 1838,' p. 361. 
 
 Practice is the best, if not the only way to learn how to de- 
 scribe a book. Simply reading descriptions of what to do is of 
 little use. Indeed practice is found to teach so much, that we 
 often find authors of bibliographical books cancelling the early 
 portions of their works in order to correct those defects and 
 deficiencies which experience has brought forcibly to their 
 notice. Such was the case with the first part of Querard's 
 France Litteraire, which was called in and cancelled ; and the 
 Bibliotheca Cornubiensis of Boase and Courtney, published 
 by Longmans in 1874. 
 
 Every one must be guided by their particular requirements; 
 but must never lose sight of "the absolute necessity there is 
 of following a system rigidly, and of being accurate. 
 
 With these preliminary remarks I will now proceed to give 
 some hints derived from my own experience.
 
 CATALOGUING. 
 
 " Tbe sheet-anchor of catalogiiiug-work, as of all other true 
 Avork tliat a man has to do, is accuracy." — Edward Edwards 
 (Memoirs of Libraries, 1859, vol. II. 868). 
 
 . . . " I'exactitude est le meillenr fondment du succ^s des 
 livres de bibliographic.'' — Qudrard, Omissions et bevues 
 du livre intitule La Litterature Frangaise contemporaine 
 ... 1848, p. XV. 
 
 "As bibliographers, we cannot indeed but wish, that the 
 catalogue of every library were a bibliographical dictionary 
 of its books.... There is no species of literary labor so 
 arduous, or which makes so extensive demands upon the 
 learning of the author, as that of the preparation of such 
 works." — Smithsonian Report on the construction of cata- 
 logues... By C. C. Jewett....l853, p. 10. 
 
 " It is impossible to labor successfully, without a rigid 
 adherence to rules. Although such rules be not formally 
 enunciated, they must exist in the mind of the cataloguer 
 and guide him, or the result of his labors will be morti- 
 fying and unprofitable." — Ibid, p. 17. 
 
 I have used the word Bibliography, but I must warn the 
 student that it is meaningless, or, x-ather, its meanings are 
 so numerous and varied, being' used for every sort of thing 
 connected with books, that for any scientific purpose the 
 word is useless. Bibliotheca also is used amongst other 
 things to express a miscellaneous collection of titles; whether 
 good, l)ad, or indifferent, matters little. 
 
 What is wanted is a short word which shall exjiress 
 that a book is accurately described. The word catalogue 
 is worse for its indefinite meaning than bibliotheca or biblio- 
 graphy. The science or art of describing books has no 
 technical term. (2) 
 
 (2) The reader can refer to Notes and Queries, 4 Series IX, p. 8, 
 for some remarks on the inconvenient length of bibliogi-aphical words.
 
 CATALOGUING. 1 1 
 
 111 describing books, accuracy is the one thing to attain. 
 And the object should be so to describe the book, that any- 
 body else shall be certain from the description that a parti- 
 cular book they have in hand is the one described. 
 
 So difficult did Prof. De Morgan consider this, with regard 
 to early printed books that he said if he had to do his work 
 on " Arithmetical Books " over again he would invariably 
 describe some defect or error in the printing. 
 
 I now propose to give some hints on this subject, premis- 
 ing that there is at preseut no " Grammar " of Bibliography 
 — nothing settled, no recognized authority. 
 
 Supposing a person were about to make a catalogue of a 
 library, or even of a few books, the first thing to do is to lay 
 down certain rules, to be strictly adhered to, or adopt rules 
 laid down by another for that purpose. This has been done 
 for many years past by the librarians of our National Library. 
 So that there at least we have a Catalogue that we can de- 
 pend upon so far as it goes : how flir that is the rules inform 
 us. Several of them simply provide against the prevailing 
 loose notions of cataloguing. Rules for example to tell us 
 that titles are written straight on as they are found, or in 
 the language in which the book is written and not in another, 
 read like satires on ignorance. And yet how necessary they 
 are. 
 
 These rules, invaluable as a guide to every catalogue 
 maker, will be found printed in the : Catalogue of printed 
 books in the British Museum, volume 1. London, printed 
 by order of the trustees, MDCCCXLI, in folio; the Preface is 
 signed by the editor Sir Antonio Panizzi, and examjjles of the 
 rules will be found in : A handbook for Readers at the British 
 Museum,by Thomas Nichols, assistant in the British Museimi, 
 London, Longman, 1866, p. 51. This useful little work un- 
 fortunately has no index. A catalogue drawn up according 
 to the rules of the Museum will be found in : " A list of 
 the books of reference in the Reading room of the British 
 Museum." 
 
 The rules are ninety-one in number but for small libraries 
 where provision is not required for every language under the 
 sun, a smaller number would be sufficient. (3)\ 
 
 (3.) Since the above was written a most exhaustive and useful 
 work rendering a reference to any other almost superfluous has been 
 published, entitled " Rules for a printed dictionary catalogue by 
 Charles A. Cutter," forming part II of the Special Report on pub- 
 lic libraries in the United States, Washington, 1876.
 
 12 
 
 C.VTALOOUINO. 
 
 Whatever rules are determined upon Bhould be printed 
 In the catalogue, so tliat those who consult it may know at 
 once whether or not they are likely to find what they want 
 and how. 
 
 The first question that arises is the amount of title page 
 information to be given. To abbreviate or not abbreviate 
 becomes the difficult question. It generally resolves itself 
 into one of expense, and abbreviated titles are determined 
 upon. 
 
 I now therefore treat of the. matter as it is, and not as it 
 should be, for if I treated it as it should be, namely with 
 full titles, I should have little to say. 
 
 He must have been a bold man who first began to abbre- 
 viate titles for a catalogue. It is a most unsatisfactory prac- 
 tice, though now having long pi'ecedent for its use. It is 
 like cutting off a leg or an arm, the body can still go on, it 
 is true, but it is nevertheless mutilated. 
 
 The more title page information a bibliotheca gives the 
 greater will be its usefulness. Everything, however, is sub- 
 ordinate to the proper description of the book. If that is 
 done upon certain pi'inciples and rules, the cataloguer will 
 at least be consistent, which few of the present day are. 
 
 Every word of a title may be given and yet be inaccurate, 
 on the other hand half the title may be left out and yet be 
 accurate (i) though not perfect as I shall presently show. 
 
 The ordinary and most popular way of referring to or 
 desci'ibing a book is to reverse eveiything and alter the title. 
 For example, let us suppose it is stated that in 1868 Messrs. 
 Longman published an octavo volume of 800 pages by George 
 Brown, entitled a Treatise on the best mode of ventilation. 
 Here everything is topsy turvy, besides being incorrectly 
 called a treatise instead of an essay. (5) The proper title 
 being : An historical essay on ventilation, by George Brown, 
 London, Longman, 1868, octavo, pp. xv. 786. 
 
 Instances of this kind of thing the student will find at 
 every turn, in every publication, periodical or otherwise. 
 
 (4.) Instead of "inaccurate" and "accurate," I bad WTitteu 
 the words " nnbibliographical " and " bibliographical," but as I have 
 already explained that word does not at present necessarily include 
 accuracy, which word will better explain what I wish to impress 
 on the student. 
 
 (5). Refer to the remarks of Bolton Corney " On the new general 
 Biographical dictionary", p. 33.
 
 CATALOGUING. 13 
 
 Another baa practice is cutting short the title page and 
 explaining in a note what the book is about almost in the 
 words of the author, so that all the necessary information is 
 given, only incorrectly instead of coiTCctly, an example of 
 which, taken from Lowndes, will be found in my list. 
 
 The difficulty is not to find instances of looseness in de- 
 sci'ibing books, but to find instances where they are properly 
 described. I know of few bibliothecas, English or foreign, that 
 can be relied on. 
 
 Probably these will appear to some trivial matters. Yet 
 what thought and anxious consideration do most authors 
 give to the titles of their works, before they finally svat their 
 fancy ; frequently, indeed, not being satisfied with them as 
 sent forth to the world. How has the author considered 
 whether he will put his own name, or whether he will write 
 under a fictitious name, or his initials, or simply call himself 
 " A Gentleman," or designate himself by the office he holds 
 as " A Magistrate." Then, with what difficulty has he at 
 last settled upon a publisher, and for what a number of 
 reasons may he have done so. And yet some ruthless bar- 
 barian, who is totally ignorant of all the trouble that has 
 been taken, and who knows nothing of the subject, cuts down 
 our author's title without hesitation. Or perhaps, what is 
 still more astonishing, an author himself, although he has 
 given the matter so much thought, will sometimes on being 
 asked, send a list of his works, in which not a single title 
 shall be correct, in which he will leave out all the first words, 
 erroneously state the subject as in the book instead of as it 
 appears on the title page : omit to say when piiblished, 
 whether with his own name or not ; and, finally, and almost 
 invariably, leave out the publisher's name, which cost him 
 so much pains to decide on.
 
 OF DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIONS 
 OF BOOKS. 
 
 Catalogues must have notbing to do with distinctions 
 between celebrity and obscurity. They must aim at serv- 
 ing the tjTO no less than the professor. — Edward Edwards 
 (Memoirs of Libraries, 1859, II., i). 836). 
 
 Books may be classed under four heads, namely (1) Au- 
 tonymous — (2) Polyonymous — (3) Pseudonymous, and — (4) 
 Anonymous. 
 
 1. Autonymous, the first and most common is with the 
 author's name either on the title-page, or if not on the title- 
 page, signed to a preface, introduction, lettei', or dedication, 
 or in some pai"t of the book, or at the end. Speeches though 
 usually anonymous with regard to the reporting or editing, 
 are frequently catalogued under the name of the speaker as 
 autonymous. 
 
 2. Polyonymous, is with several authors' names. It is 
 usual to enter them under the name of the first author, with 
 cross references from the others. 
 
 3. Pseudonymous, without the author's name, but with 
 a fictitious name or designation, thus giving some indication 
 as to the author, though possibly a very slight one. No 
 matter in what paii; of the book the pseudonym appears, the 
 work is pseudonymous. (6) 
 
 In cataloguing, the pseudonym should no more be left out, 
 than the author's name. If an author uses a pseudonym on 
 the title, but gives his real name in the book, it is not pseu- 
 donymous, but must be catalogued as autonymous. In this 
 
 (6.) For a curious instance see the Handbook of Fictitious Names, 
 p. 94. One who is But an attorney ; and One who thinks for himself 
 i. e. r. Truewit.
 
 OP DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIOKS OF BOOKS. 15 
 
 case, as in all others, the pseudonym should be given, even if 
 the title is abbreviated. In fact the pseudonym for biblio- 
 graphical purposes takes the place of the author's name. I 
 have not space here to enumerate the different classes of 
 pseudonyms, of which there are many varieties. (7) 
 
 4. Lastly an Anonymous book is one without the author's 
 name, whether on the title page, or any part of the book. 
 The word anonymous has been and still is very indiscrimi- 
 nately used to include pseudonymous. The cataloguer must 
 be careful not to be betrayed into this error so fruitful of 
 inaccuracy. This class of books has resisted the most stren- 
 uous efforts of the learned to bring it within rules, every 
 rule for cataloguing such books requiring an exception. With 
 anonymous works having simple titles, such as " Aggravat- 
 ing Ladies " (supposing a work to be published anonymously 
 with such a title) the task is easy. Though even this 
 examjile will illustrate the difficulty of the subject, for there 
 are only two words and there are two ways of cataloguing, 
 each having advantages. By one system it would come 
 under "Aggravating" and by the other under "Ladies." 
 According to the system of AudifFredi (8) and of Barbier (9) 
 
 (7). A list, unfortunately containiug many errors, will be found at 
 the end of " A notice of the life and works of J. M. Querard by 
 Olphar Hamst : London, J. R. Smith, 1867." This list is adopted by 
 John Power in his " Handy-book about books," with all my errors 
 and a good stock of his own to boot. There is an extended treatise 
 on pseudonyms in the introduction to either edition of Qudrard's 
 " Supercheries Litt^raires Devoile'es." The subject is also treated of in 
 M. Octave Delepierre's " Supercheries litteraires, pastiches," Londres, 
 Triibner, 1872. Probably the earliest treatise is that entitled " Au- 
 teurs deguisez," Paris, 1690, by Adrian Baillet, but published without 
 his name. 
 
 (8.) AudifFredi's work, referred to in the Report on the British 
 Museum (1850, p. 469), it is entitled " Bibliothecse CasanatcDsis cata- 
 logus librorum typis impressorum," tom 1 — 4, A — K. Roma, 1761 — 
 1788, foL, and is quoted by Barbier at p. xlviii of the work referred 
 to in the next note. 
 
 (9.) Dictionnaire des ouvrages anonymes et pseudonymes. ... 
 par A. A. Barbier... Paris, 1806, 4 vols, So. It is curious to note 
 that Barbier had not settled in his own mind at the date of the 
 above the first edition, what was an anonymous work. He describes 
 it as one upon the title page of which the author is not named, and he 
 then states that sometimes the author's name is found in the work; but 
 he says it is the custom to class them all as anonymous and not to dis- 
 tinguish different degrees of anonymity. In the second edition in 
 1826 he very properly eliminated so far as he was able such works 
 as contaiued the authors' names. For many things the first edition
 
 16 OF DIFFEUENT DESCRIPTIONS OF BOOKS. 
 
 and of a similar work on English authors (10), it would be 
 catalogued by the first word, and for such works this is the 
 most approved method (11). According to the Rules of the 
 British Sluseum it would be catalog-ued imder Ladies. 
 
 It affords matter for consideration when we find it stated 
 that " An anon}inous work is seldom read with confidence or 
 quoted as an authority." (12) 
 
 Many publications intended expressly for youth, and there- 
 fore requiring some guarantee that they are fit for the pur- 
 pose, are published without the author's name, though fre- 
 quently with an indication of sex. 
 
 It may probably be that little as is the credit given to the 
 anonymous or pseudonymous work, for in the above quotation 
 both are meant, it would obtain less if it had the author's 
 real name (13). 
 
 To shew that a book was published without the author's 
 name, whether anonymous or pseudonymous, some biblio- 
 graphers have put an asterisk or star at the beginning of the 
 title. I am not aware that this, or indeed any plan has 
 systematically been adopted in any English work, except 
 within the last few years. In his learned Essay On the Lite- 
 rature of Political economy, p. x, J. R. McCuUoch says : 
 "When the name of the author of a work is included between 
 brackets, it shows that it was published anonymously." He 
 
 is better than tlie second, in which many of the titles we are told 
 were abbreviated. In the third and last and best edition, part of 
 which was published in 1872, his son, (see p. xxix., note) has so 
 far as he was able, re-instated snch titles because so many editors 
 and others still continue to consider a work anonymous if the 
 author's name does not occur on the title page. This is a step 
 backwards, and the sooner M. Olivier Barbier throws the editors 
 and others overboard the better. 
 
 (10.) A prospectus was issued in 1872, with the title : A dic- 
 tionary of the anonymous and pseudonymous literature of Great 
 Britain by the late Samuel Halkett. — See Notes and Queries 4 s. 
 IX., p. 403. 
 
 (11.) And is recommended in a pamphlet entitled: Hints on the 
 formation of small libraries, by W. E. A. Axon, Loudon, Triibner 
 [18f)9J reprinted in : A handy book about books, by J. Power, Lond., 
 J. Wilson, 1S70, p. 156, and he adopts it in : The literature of the 
 Lancashire dialect, a bibliographical essay, byW. E. A. Axon, 1870. 
 
 (12.) Bolton Corney "On the new general Biographical diction- 
 ary," 1839, p. 15. 
 
 (13.) For examples see Notes and Queries 3rd s. XII, 394, and the 
 Handbook of Fictitious Names.
 
 OP DIFFERENT DESCIUPTIOXS OP BOOKS. 17 
 
 uses anonymous here in the sense of without the author's 
 name, and to inchide pseudonymous. I made use of the star 
 in the Handbook of Fictitious Names in 18G8, but only to 
 indicate anonymity, and not as Querard uses it. In Notes 
 and Queries for the Gth April, 1872, I suggested the adop- 
 tion of a line — to shew that a book was published pseu- 
 donymously. And I made use of both signs in my Biblio- 
 graphical list of Lord Brougham's publications. These 
 signs have the advantage of attracting the eye, and de- 
 claring at once the class of book. On the other hand they 
 cannot be used for foot notes, arc likely to be over- 
 looked in printing, and there is always great difficulty in 
 getting readers to find out what signs mean. On the whole 
 after much consideration I have determined for the future 
 to use simply abbreviations of the words anonymous and 
 pseudonymous which everybody understands without expla- 
 nation. 
 
 As in describing a book the principal object is to enable 
 the student to identify it, so that there may be no doubt that 
 the cataloguer's remarks upon a certain book apply to that for 
 which the reader is searching. It is less important that au- 
 tonymous works should be catalogued so fully as anonymous, 
 bcause the author's name is at once a guide. For though 
 two autonymous works bear the same title their authors* 
 names would be different. But not so with two anonymous 
 works having the same title. 
 
 Pseudonymous works, in which the pseudonym is a name 
 and not a phrase or denomination, would come in the same 
 category. 
 
 For anonymous, and frequently for pseudon^-mous works 
 it is not only desirable to give the full title, but to supple- 
 ment it with any further information that will help identifi- 
 cation. As for example, if the book is printed at a different 
 place to that of sale or publication (14) or if dated and ad- 
 dressed from what would appear to be the author's residence, 
 or if there is any allusion in the work or the advertisements 
 (15) to other publications of the same author. Examples of 
 
 (14.1 Many Londou publishers have printing houses out of town, 
 in such cases the place of printing is no guide. 
 
 (15.) Advertisements shoukl generally he jireserved. If, however 
 a book has been through a 1)inder's hands there is little chance of their 
 surviving. Never seud a book to the binder witiiout special instruc- 
 tions to preserve the advertisements and covers or wrappers, and 
 
 B
 
 18 OP UIFFKUENT DESCRIPTIONS OP BOOKS. 
 
 all will be found in my list. Though a book be anonymous 
 so far as the title page informs iis, yet if pseudonymous from 
 the preface or introduction being signed -with a fictitious 
 name, or with initials or denomination, or other qualification, 
 it sliould be catalogued as pseudonymous. Tlius following 
 the rule with regard to autonyms. Except when signed : — 
 The Author, The Editor, The Translator, Himself, or Herself, 
 of which it is best to take no notice, even if on tlie title. 
 Such works sliould be considered anonymous without even 
 srivins: cross-references from those words. 
 
 Of whatever description, w'hether autonymous, or anony- 
 mous, or pseudonymous, the first words of the title, or the 
 half title, should be quoted correctly, and exactly as they 
 occur, and to this rule there should be no exception, whether 
 for bibliographical lists, or for the purpose of citation as an 
 authority. For in the latter case, however familiar the work 
 cited may be, there are sure to be readers unfamiliar with it, 
 to whom a loose reference will cause trouble. The half title 
 or any abbreviation of the title, if used by the author of the 
 book may be adopted. 
 
 Few things cause greater waste of time amongst literary 
 men than the habitually careless manner in which they give 
 references. Not only should a book be correctly described, 
 but the edition or date and page ought to be added. Biblio- 
 graphers (which term I here use to mean persons wdio have 
 concerned themselves v/ith the description of books) have 
 sinned terribly in this respect by giving descriptions of books 
 at second, or even third-hand, and repeating the mistakes 
 and blunders of the original authority. Title pages are like 
 rumours, the oftener they are repeated the more incorrect 
 they become. The student should never rely upon a cata- 
 logue for the description of a book, unless the compiler has 
 adhei'ed strictly to rules. A statement in bibliothecas, bio- 
 graphical dictionaries, or catalogues, that a work is anony- 
 mous, can never be relied i:pou (IG). 
 
 mark every page intended to be kept, otherwise tliere is a barbarous 
 custom amongst binders, arising from ignorance orcupidit5^ of denud- 
 ing every pamphlet of the covers and advertisements which frequently 
 teem wi'tii matter useful in after years. Binders like to treat books 
 like convicts, and shave their heads. 
 
 (16.) Those who desire to see examples of several classes of errors 
 to be avoided can refer to the following works. On the new general 
 Biographical dictionary : a specimen of amateixr criticism in letters 
 [signed Bolton Come}'] to Mr. Sylvanns Urban [motto] London: Sho-
 
 OF DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIONS OF BOOKS. 19 
 
 After the first few words of the title every abbreviation or 
 omission should be indicated b}'^ three dots . . . close together 
 not thus. . . . This is a better method than using an 
 "etc.," a sign which from the carelessness of autliors is fre- 
 quently found on title-pages of books, and if used by both 
 authors and cataloguers we should never know which. As 
 few authors could explain the meaning of an " &c." on the 
 title, it is not likely that readers can guess. 
 
 It has been customary to omit mottoes without any indi- 
 cation of the omission, and this has been done in one of the 
 most bibliographical works published in England (17). I 
 only know of one work of importance where special notice is 
 taken of such omissions. (18) 
 
 If a title page has a motto its omission should be shewn 
 thus [motto]. 
 
 To print mottoes when numerous or lengthy in an exten- 
 sive work seems quite out of the question. When short it 
 
 berl, 1839, 8o. A remarkable piece of criticism indispensable to 
 every biographer or bibliographer. 
 
 Arithmetical books.... being brief notices of a large number of 
 works drawn lip from actual inspection by Augustus de Morgan.... 
 London, 1847. See the preface and introduction to this valuable and 
 interesting work. The English catalogue of books, 1864, makes an 
 edition of this work with the date 1853, at 2s 6d. Being desirous of 
 possessing this, I wrote to the learned Professor to know where it 
 was to be obtained, and what ditference there was, he replied : — "The 
 difiference between the 1st and 2nd edition of my Arithmetical Books, 
 is the difference between something and nothing, which, let Hegel 
 say what he will, is a very great difl'ereuce. There is not any second 
 edition, nor I think, will be." Kefer also to an article by De Morgan 
 in the Companion to the Almanac for 1853, entitled "On the difficulty 
 of correct description of books," pp. 5 to 19, full of various and useful 
 matter. 
 
 Handbook of Fictitious names of authors of the XlXth Century.... 
 by Olphar Hamst..., 1868, ]). xi. 
 
 Dictionnaire des ouvrages anonymes par A. A. Barbier, 3e. ed., 1872, 
 see the note by Olivier Barbier on the second page of the advertise- 
 ment to the first volume. 
 
 (17.) A descriptive catalogue of Friends' books, ... by Joseph Smith, 
 in two vols, ... 1867. 
 
 (18.) This is the : Catalogue of the Manchester free library, re- 
 ference department, prepared by A. Crestadoro, ... 1864, where the 
 omission is indicated by three stars. 
 
 In my " List of works on Swimming," I give full titles, including 
 mottoes of all the books I was able to see. In my "Bibliographical 
 list of Lord Brougham's publications," I indicate the place of the 
 motto on the title. 
 
 B 2
 
 20 OF DIFFERENT DESCRIPTIOKS OF BOOKS. 
 
 is a luxury the bibliographer may occasionally indulge in. 
 I confess that this is one of the points I have felt extremely 
 puzzled about. I never abbreviate or omit anything from a 
 title-page without fear and trembling, which is intensified in 
 the case of mottoes. They frequently in one short verse, or 
 sentence, give the pith of a book, and my fear is that some 
 one in the fut\ire should wonder how I could be so stupid as 
 to suggest their omission. 
 
 All additions shonld be indicated with the same care by 
 placing them between brackets [ ]. Additions in titles 
 should be as few and as short as possible, all explanatory 
 matter can be given in a note. 
 
 Sometimes authors use brackets or parentheses on the title 
 pages. When this is the case, if of no use or unimportant, 
 they should be left out by the cataloguer. For instance, 
 when an author has the words [Reprinted from, &c.] in the 
 title. To omit the brackets is the least misleading, for if 
 left in it would look as if this information were not supplied 
 by the author, and if (sic) were put it would not be under- 
 stood as referring to the brackets.
 
 MATTERS TO BE ATTENDED TO IN 
 CATALOGUING. 
 
 In arranging a number of rules, it is difficult to please every 
 reader. 1 have frequently been unable to satisfy myself ; 
 and therefore, cannot expect that the arrangement which 
 I have at last adopted will give universal satisfaction. — 
 W.Lennie, The principles of English grammar... 34th ed., 
 Edinb., 1854, p. 4. 
 
 Cataloguers may comment uj^on, but should never alter 
 what it has been deemed right to state on the title page 
 of a book by those who have framed it. — Art of making 
 catalogues, &c.[by A. Crestadoro], 1856, p. 14. 
 
 In cataloguing or describing a book six points at least 
 should be kept in view as necessary to its identification, (19) 
 
 (1.) Title. 
 
 (2.) Name of author, and sometimes description. 
 
 (3.) Place of publication. 
 
 (4.) Publisher's name, and sometimes address. 
 
 (5.) The date of publication. 
 
 {6.) The size. 
 
 If full titles (that is, an exact ti-anscript of the title from 
 beginning to the end), are given, it will only be necessary for 
 the cataloguer to supply in its proper, or most suitable place, 
 such of the above information as is not on the title-page. 
 
 If abbreviations be adopted several considerations arise. 
 
 (1.) As to so much of the title as occurs before the author's 
 name we have already said that the first few words should 
 
 (19.) The student may refer to the useful little pampldet above 
 quoted, entitled : The art of making catalogues of libraries, or a 
 method to obtain in a short time, a most perfect, complete, and satis- 
 factory printed catalogue of the British Museum library, by a reader 
 therein [Dr. Crestadoro], Load. 185G, p. 38.
 
 22 MATTERS TO BE ATTENDED TO IN CATALOGUING. 
 
 be copied word for -word,, and afterwards every omission 
 should be denoted by dots. 
 
 (2.) The name of tlie author sliould not be abbi'cviatcd, if 
 it renders it diHicult to distinguish l)etweeu two with the 
 same initials. If the author's qualifications are omitted or 
 abbreviated, dots ... of omission should be inserted. A de- 
 scription after a name is often very important and useful in 
 determining the degree of credit to be attached to the work, 
 but they ai'o frequently so numerous that they are too long 
 for most catalogues. 
 
 Works in moi-c than one volume generally have the num- 
 ber on the title, as " In three volumes, vol 1." Take no 
 notice of" Vol I.," but invariably state the number of volumes 
 in the order in which it occurs on the title-page. The num- 
 ber of volumes, however, is not always stated; in some works 
 each volume simply has " Vol I," or " Vol II," on the title, 
 when this is so, the number of volumes should be stated 
 after the date thus : " 1873, in three volumes, octavo." 
 The reader would then know whether the number of volumes 
 was stated on the title or not. 
 
 There will be cases w^here this rule will not sufficiently 
 indicate the fact, as for instance, when the first does not, 
 but the second does, state the number of volumes. A note 
 will meet this case, if necessai-y. 
 
 It may appear to some that so trifling a matter is unworthy 
 of note, but with this the cataloguer has nothing to do. His 
 business is to note facts however trivial, whether anybody 
 should ever require them is not in his pi'ovince. 
 
 (3.) Place of puldication. Several places of publication 
 are frequently given in the imprint of a book, when this is 
 the case, the first jilace should, at all events, be given, and 
 if the book is not printed as well as published there, the 
 place where it is printed should be stated. 
 
 (4.) The Publisher's name we seldom find in any list of 
 books. I never recollect to have seen it in any catalogue of 
 a library, and in very few bibliographical works. And yet 
 it is often of great importance. In cataloguing works with- 
 out the author's name it should seldom if ever be omitted, 
 however much the title is abbreviated. The publisher's 
 address may often be added with advantage, especially in 
 cases where he is little known. For many firms who have 
 been issuing works from the same house for a century or 
 even longer, it seems superfluous. (20) 
 
 (20.) I must remind the student that I am only writmg for present 
 century books, I have no experience of cataloguing old books.
 
 MATTERS TO BE ATTENDED TO IN CATALOGUING. 23 
 
 Both name aud addi'ess of publishers may be abbreviated 
 without mai'ks of omission, a rule having been made to that 
 effect, so that the reader may be apprised of the fact. Some 
 small elementary woi-ks have as many as ten or fifteen places 
 and double that num))er of publishers in the imprint, these 
 of course would not be given in full unless with some special 
 object. 
 
 The publisher's name when well known is also important 
 as frequently giving a character, or guarantee, if not of the 
 literaiy worth of a book, at all events of its sincerity. 
 
 If the publisher is also the author, but does not signify 
 that fact, the book must be considered anonymous. The 
 publisher's name (that is the author's) must be repeated, as 
 would be the case if ^^Titten by another person. 
 
 Privately printed (21) works are frequently issued without 
 the name of a publisher or bookseller, though less frequently 
 without that of a printei', which if not on the title should be 
 supplied in parenthesis or in a note. 
 
 (5.) The date of pul)lication, if not on the title, will like 
 the author's name, be frequently found in some other part 
 of the book. It should then be supplied after the last word 
 on the title in parenthesis. If not in tlie book, it should be 
 put between brackets [ ], and if uncertain with a note of 
 interrogation. 
 
 Stercotj^pcd books are generally without dates of publica- 
 tion for certain commercial reasons. Only superficial readers 
 are duped by the artifice, for the first object of the literary 
 student would be to determine approximately the date of 
 issue. When the preface is not dated it is no doubt as often 
 throaigh thoughtlessness as intention. 
 
 In quoting a work that has passed through numei'ous edi- 
 tions, it is often useful to give the date of the first. 
 
 There is a practice amongst publishers of post dating books 
 issued towards the end of a year. (22) This practice will 
 account for the dates of books in some bibliothecas, biogra- 
 phies and catalogues, sometimes being a year earlier than 
 
 (21.) For examples the student can I'efer to tlie only English work 
 on the subject, of which two editions have been issued, viz., Martin's 
 Bibliographical catalogue of privately printed books. It is neccssarj' 
 to have both editions in consequence of the death of the author, 
 unfortunately interrupting the completion of the second. 
 
 (22.) See the article referred to (p. 19) by Prof. De Morgan, in tlie 
 Companion to the Almanac.
 
 2-i MATTERS TO 1)E ATTEXOED TO IN CATALOGUING. 
 
 the date on the book. The title having been copied from 
 an advertisement or a review of the work apparently before 
 pnblication. When known to the cataloguer the actual year 
 of issue should be supplied in brackets immediately after 
 the date of the title. 
 
 (G.) With the ditlerent descriptions of sizes of books Pro- 
 fessor De Morgan was so cxasi)erated that after giving de- 
 scriptions of how the sheets of a book are folded he says, 
 " The words folio, quarto, octavo, duodecimo, declmo-octavo, 
 refer {in his book) entirely to size, as completely as in a 
 modern sale catalogue, the maker of which never looks at 
 the inside of a book to tell its form. All the very modem 
 distinctions o? i7tij)eriaJ, roi/al, crown, atlas, demi/, &.C., &c., 
 &c., I have relinquished to paper-makers and publishers, who 
 alone are able to understand them." (23) 
 
 All the Avords in use to describe sizes are useless. They 
 convey no definite idea to the reader, for the simple reason 
 that nothing definite as to size is meant. The only definite 
 meaning is that the paper is folded into certain divisions, 
 and not that the })aper or print is of a particular size. A 
 quarto is often the size of an octavo, and an octavo the size 
 of a qiiarto, duodecimo, or anything else. Nevertheless 
 though not certain, the terms do in most cases, enable us to 
 guess at the probable or approximate size. The only way to 
 be certain of the size is to state it in inches. (24) Probably 
 few literary men would putnp with theti'ouble of measuring. 
 
 Compilers of Catalogues of modern books may content 
 themselves in most cases with the terms at present in use. 
 (25) 
 
 Novels are a'cnerallv described in the advertisements as 
 
 (23.) Arithmetical Books, p. xii. 
 
 (24.) This plan is advocated in a work I cannot too strongly recom- 
 mend. It i.s indispensable to every librarian. The learned author 
 thoroughly studied all the various systems in vogne, and founds almost 
 a code for the cataloguer upon them. It is the : — Smithsonian ileport 
 on the construction of catalogues of libraries and their publication by 
 means of separate stereotyped titles, with rules and examples, by 
 Charles C. Jewett, Librarian of the Smithsonian Institution, second 
 edition. Washington, published by the Smithsonian Institution, 
 1853, 8vo, pp. xii., 96. Since the above was written Mr. Cutter's 
 Rules have appeared (see p. 11), and should be referred to. 
 
 (25.) For what these are, and how to know them, I must refer the 
 reader to the Smithsonian Report, previously quoted, or to a note by 
 Charles Naylor on "the size of a book" in Notes and Queries for 10 
 Feb., 1872, 4th s., ix. p. 122.
 
 MATTERS TO BE ATTENDED TO IN CATALOGUING. 25 
 
 " post octavo," which is not octavo at all, but duodecimo. 
 The mis-description is of little importance, for everybody 
 knows about the size of the modem three volume novel, 
 a little larger now than at the beginning of the century. 
 
 It is annoying that so small a matter as the size of a 
 book should occupy so much space. It has always been a 
 subject of difficulty. A bookseller as such, in his sale cata- 
 logues, will describe a book as 12mo, but when he compiles 
 a bibliographical list he will describe it correctly as octavo, 
 though the actiial size is what is looked upon as duodecimo. 
 
 These jjoiuts are strictly necessary for ordinary catalogues, 
 but they will not satisfy all enquiries, for we cannot tell 
 from them whether it is a book or a pamphlet that is de- 
 scribed. It is therefore desirable to add the number of pages. 
 In the paging we have as much variety as in the sizes, 
 authors, publishers, and printers, not having the slightest 
 thought for bibliographers, and the infinite trouble of colla- 
 tion. 
 
 A book should be paged in as simple a manner as possible. 
 This is a rule that has never been attended to, and so long- 
 as authors do not know their own minds never can be. If 
 the printer begins the paging regularly, and the author 
 thinks irregularly, and recollects something that has been 
 left out, irregular paging will be the result. (26) 
 
 Always coitnt from the very first printed page belonging 
 to the book, excluding advertisements. Give the paging as 
 printed, that is, in the same characters. If leaves occur un- 
 paged, either before those paged or after, use arabian nume- 
 rals to denote those unpaged. 
 
 (26.) Tlie most disorderly book I know in this respect is : — " A 
 universal alphabet grammar and language, ... by George Edmonds,... 
 [1S56] quarto : — The following is the collation. Its length would 
 generally preclude its being given in a bibliotheca. First we have the 
 preface vii pages, then a table of contents vii pages ; the introduc- 
 tion .S4 pages, a half-title unpaged, then 152 pages, then another half- 
 title unpaged, then pp. 44 and iii., then corrigenda pp. ix., then a 
 half-title and "the Dicdonary," forming a third of the book entirely 
 unpaged, then the addenda paged separately pj). 3. Sometimes the 
 figures of paging are at the side, sometimes in the middle, sometimes 
 at the top and sometimes at the bottom ! Timperley in his "Printer's 
 Manual " (1838) p. 18, says, "Running titles may be set to an inde.x, 
 but folios are seldom put unless with a view to recommend the book 
 for its extraordinary number of pages ; for as an index does not refer 
 to its own matter by figures, they are neetlless in tliis case." When 
 the trouble that a variety of pagings gives the bibliographer, is con- 
 sidered, it is to be hoped that the simplicity I recommend will be 
 adopted as much as possible.
 
 2G MATTERS TO BE ATTENDED TO IN CATALOGUING. 
 
 Sometimes an octavo book begins with, say xii. numbered 
 pages and then occur four unnumbered, and then we have 
 page 1 on signature B, numbered consecutively to page 253, 
 and three pages of appendix and errata beyond. Describe it 
 thus : octavo p]). xii., and 4, and 2o3, and 3. But if 4 and 3 
 nre numbered with roman numerals, it should be thus : — 
 octavo, pp. xii., and iv., 2.^3, iii., because this is more accu- 
 rate. We use the same kind of numerals xised in the book. 
 It is, however, not a matter of much moment, provided 
 the correct number of pages is given in the collation. 
 
 I do not use the sign plus (xii.+iv.+iii.) because it makes 
 the figures look more uninteresting, and signs enough occur 
 in the titles themselves. 
 
 The price at which a book is published is often unascer- 
 tainable, and it is useful to insert it, though it has nothing 
 to do with its literary or scientific value. But in this as in 
 every other particular it is impossible to say what the stu- 
 dent may require, and its omission might make a man of 
 genius waste precious hours which it is the special object of 
 the true bibliographer to save. 
 
 If the price is mentioned on the title page, accuracy re- 
 quires that it be given in its regular order, whether at the 
 beginning or end of the title. Instances will be found in the 
 list of works by a lady at the end.
 
 STYLE OF PRlNTINa 
 
 I now come to a few minor points of printing, for in a 
 catalogue nothing is so trivial as not to require attention. 
 
 In the previous observations I have treated of things that 
 are invariable, they must be attended to, in any list of books, 
 there is no room for exercise of taste, they go to the very 
 root of a good catalogue, and are laws dictated by accuracy. 
 
 But the manner in which a title is printed in a list or 
 catalogue, or biography is a matter of taste, and we therefore 
 give the following hints merely as suggestions (27), hoping 
 that they will commend themselves to all who print title- 
 pages. Have as few capitals as possible in the title, none 
 except for names of persons or places. Titles of persons may 
 well be printed without capitals, as prince, marquess, lord, 
 not Prince, Marquess, Lord. 
 
 Take for example the following title, which, printed accord- 
 ing to the usual method would be : — 
 
 " Speeches by the Lord Chancellor ; Lord Brougham, Lord 
 Cottenham ; and Lord Campbell, in The Hoxise of Lords, on 
 Tuesday the 9th, August, 1842, at giving Judgment in the 
 Appeal, the Rev. John Ferguson and others. Appellants, 
 against the Earl of Kinnoull, and the Rev. R. Young, Respon- 
 dents, with the Judgments appended, from Mr. Curney's 
 Shorthand notes," &c. 
 
 (27.) Most of which have been acted on, if not carried to their 
 fullest extent in my study, already referred to : "A bibliographical 
 list of lord Brougham's publications," printed in Lord Brougliam's 
 Works, ... Edinb., A. and C. Black, 1873, vol XI., pp. 463 to 48G.
 
 28 STYLE OF PRINTING. 
 
 I prefer this title-page for catalogue purposes to be printed 
 thus : 
 
 Speeches by the lord chancellor [Lyndhurst], lord Broug- 
 ham, lord Cottenham, and lord Campbell in the house of 
 lords, on tuesday the 9th august, 1842, at giving judgment 
 in the appeal, the rev. John Ferguson and others, appellants, 
 against the earl of Kinnoull and the rev. R. Young, respon- 
 dents ; with the judgment appended from Mr. Gurney's 
 shorthaud notes. Edinb, James Gall and son [1842], 8o, 
 pp. 3G, Is. The improvement in appearance of this title and 
 the focility in reading, counterbalance all such objections 
 as that we are accustomed to Lord, and not lord, or Tues- 
 day, and not tuesday. The compilers of the [English] Law 
 List have long since discarded capitals for the names of 
 streets with great advantage, for example they print, " gray's- 
 inn-square," not Gray's Inn Square : " court of exchequer " ; 
 "house of lords," &c. The Catalogue of the Advocates library, 
 lately printed, is a good example ; refer for instance to the 
 title under Bulhon, vol I., 1867, p. 763, a title that in ordi- 
 nary catalogues would bristle with capitals.
 
 PUNCTUATION. 
 
 The punctuation should also be carefully considered. 
 Everything in bibliography is at present very much over 
 punctuated, half, if not two thirds, might be dispensed with 
 to the lessening of the expense, and the great advantage 
 in the appearance. 
 
 Imagine you are copying a sentence instead of a title page, 
 and punctuate and put capitals accordingly. If writing that 
 a work w^as by an author, nobody would write By, neither 
 need it have a capital for a copy of a title. 
 
 Mr. Henry Stevens has advocated and adojited this 
 method in his later catalogues and notably in the : — 
 " Bibliotheca geographica and historica or a catalogue of a 
 nine days sale of rare «fe valuable ... books... etcetera... 
 with an essay upon the Stevens system of photobiblio- 
 graphy by Henry Stevens GMB [i.e. gatherer of musty 
 books] . . . [with a photograph of] Ptolemy's World by Mer- 
 cator 1578 Part I. to be dispersed by auction by 
 Messrs Puttick and Simpson ... London Henry Stevens at 
 the Nuggetory 4 Trafalgar square July 25 1872." 
 
 The title, which I have abbreviated nearly one third, has 
 upwards of two hundred words in it without a single mark 
 of pvmctuation, except after "Part I." where it seems to have 
 got in by accident. Throughout his titles, he uses stops 
 very sparingly. Any word which is complete requires no 
 stop. Thus : " vols " requires no stop after it, because it is 
 a finished abbreviation, but vol. does (28). 
 
 (28.) Mr. Stevens' work contains an essay on catalogues, teeming 
 with useful suggestions, as indeed might be expected from one who 
 has had such long and varied experience.
 
 THE BEGINNING AND THE END. 
 
 The imwise seem to be of opinion that any fool can index, 
 but we have already seen that the wise think differently. 
 — Wheatley's What is an index ? 1879, p. 41. 
 
 The beginning of eveiy book should be a table of contents, 
 or an analytical table, or both, and the end a good index. 
 
 I can scarcely over estimate the importance which I 
 attach to the index. A book may almost as well be unwrit- 
 ten, as be without an index. 
 
 The publications by "a lady," are exceedingly deficient 
 in indexes. It is amazing that authors who must have felt 
 the want of indexes in the works of others should publish 
 their own without such helps. 
 
 It would occupy too much space to give all the opinions 
 I have collected of different authors entreating others never 
 to publish a book without an index. Allilione never loses 
 an opportunity, in his Dictionary of English Literature, of 
 impressing upon his readers the importance of indexes. See 
 more particularly an article of absorbing interest i;nder the 
 name of Samuel Ayscough of the British ]\Iuseum, celebrated 
 for his most iiseful indexes to Shakespeare, to that grand store- 
 house of information "The Gentleman's Magazine" (obit. 
 1868), to "the Monthly lieview," and other works. Of such 
 importance indeed does Allibone consider indexes, that, not 
 content with insisting on them throughout his three ponde- 
 I ous volumes, he, on the very last page, gives a note " Con- 
 cerning Indexes." Often a good index obtains for a book a 
 prominent position it might not otherwise obtain ; as, for 
 example, Godfrey Higgins's " Anacalypsis," which is said to 
 be in the reading room of the British Museum, fi'om its con-
 
 THE BEGINNING AND THE END, 31 
 
 taining (29) "thousands of statements cited from all quarters, 
 and very well indexed." What woiild Watt's Bibliotheca 
 Britannica be without its two volumes of index to two volumes 
 of authors. Bibliographical and biographical works beyond 
 everything require the most minute indexes. 
 
 Formerly I was in love with the scientific look of a num- 
 ber of indexes, bvit I am now convinced that two heads are 
 not better than one in this case and that one index is more 
 useful than two. A person who consults an index wants to 
 find something as quickly as possible, if there is only one 
 index he cannot consult the wrong one first. 
 
 It has been suggested by Prof. De Morgan that historians 
 by having no indexes, think to oblige their readers to go 
 through their works from beginning to end. The contrary 
 being the result. 
 
 If book buyers made a nile of not buying a book without 
 an index, authors and publishers would then supply that 
 want. 
 
 Beware, however, of snai-es, for such there are in this as 
 in all else, big books wath lean, lankey, and starved indexes. 
 
 Since the above was wTitten the " Index Society " has 
 come into existence, and published an indispensable little 
 work, entirely devoted to this subject entitled : What is an 
 index 1 a few notes on indexes and indexers by Henry B. 
 Wheatley... [motto] London, Longmans 1879. Besides being 
 useful this is a most amusing book. 
 
 (29.) Athenreum, 2 Aug. 1856, p. 953, (jnoted by Alliboiie in his 
 Dictionary, p. S43. See also p. 3140, and refer also to Ayscongh, 
 Mary Cowdeii Clarke, Godfrey Higgins, John Nichols, and other 
 articles in Allibone and to his Alphabetical Index to the New Testa- 
 ment, Phil. [1868], published under his initials only.
 
 OF ERRORS. 
 
 What still remains to be taken notice of are the errata's,... 
 .Sometimes they are put by themselves on the even side of 
 a leaf, so as to face the title. But though this is very 
 seldom done, it is a pitj^ that it should ever have come into 
 the thoughts of anyone to do it at all ; for it is a maxim 
 to bring errata's into as narrow a compass as we con- 
 veniently can, and to put them in a place where they 
 can make no great show : since it is not to the credit 
 of a book, to lind a catalogue of its faults annexed. It 
 is therefore wrong policy in those who make errata's 
 appear numerous and parading, in hopes ot being thought 
 very careful and accurate ; when they only serve to witness 
 an author's inattention at a time when he should have 
 been of the opposite inclination. But the subterfuges 
 that are used Vjj'- writers upon this occasion, are com- 
 monly levelled at the printer, to make him the author 
 of all that is amiss ; whereas they ought to ascribe it to 
 themselves:... whoever has any ideas of printing, must con- 
 sequently know that it is impossible to practice that art 
 without committing errors ; anfl that it is the province 
 of an author to rectifj^ them. For these several rea.sons 
 it will appear how material it is not to make an erra- 
 tum of every trifling fault. ... — John Smith's Printer's 
 grammar. 1755, quoted in Timperley's Printer's Manual, 
 1838, p. 19. 
 
 Le nouvel Errata, je le repete, est long, d'une longueur 
 inaccoutum^e. Les auteurs semblent avoir honte d'avouer 
 les fautes qu'ils out commises, on qu'on commet pour 
 eux ; je n'ai pas cette pudeur menteuse ; je confesse les 
 fautes de mon livre. — A. Jal : preface de la seconde edi- 
 tion du Diet. Crit. de Biographic et d'histoire, 1872. 
 
 It is next to impossilile to avoid errors, more especially in 
 iDibliographical works, Avith mimbers of names and figures. 
 All that can be done to avoid them, of course, should be ; 
 but with the most minute and constant supervision errors 
 will creep in and oversights occur.
 
 OF ERR0R3. 33 
 
 This, however, is no reason for adopting eccentricities. 
 For example, Professor Do Moi'gan in his " Arithmetical 
 Books," adopted the singular plan of giving the dates twice, 
 in figures and in words, the latter being abbreviated, and 
 after all, as he himself shows, he was still liable to commit 
 the very errors he desired to provide against. 
 
 His plan never has been, and I hope, never will be adopted 
 by any one else. It is original, but highly inconvenient and 
 imbibliographical in the extreme. It is to be hoped that if 
 a new edition is ever published we shall have proper title 
 page information in a proper manner, and be spared such 
 eccentricities as beginning the title-page from the bottom 
 instead of the top. 
 
 I may here remark that the learned Professor went upon 
 the right principle, he excluded no book on the ground of 
 Tinimportance, or worthlessness. He described no book 
 imless he had seen it, which was also J. R. McCulloch's 
 plan in his " Literature of Political Econom}' " (18-15), but 
 he mifortunately described only select works, without even 
 giving a brief list of what he considered rubbish, simpl}'^ say- 
 ing, " We have proceeded on a principle of selection ; and 
 neglecting the others, have, with exce})tious, noticed those 
 works only -ft'liich appear to have contributed to develop 
 sound principles, or to facilitate their adoption." The con- 
 sequence is if "\ve find a book unmentloncd by him, it at once 
 becomes a question whether he excluded it because it was 
 worthless, or because he had not seen it. 
 
 There is a large class of errors arising from the habit of 
 one writer copying another, instead of each going to original 
 soui'ces. 
 
 The errors prevalent in biography and bibliography were 
 pointed out by Mr. Bolton Corney years ago. I think it is 
 unnecessary for me to give here any further criticisms on 
 the method which should be pursued. The student who 
 wishes to go deeper into the suliject can refer to Bolton 
 (Jorney's pamphlet : " On the New General Biographical 
 Dictionary," already noticed. 
 
 The work I have quoted above by ]\I. Jal is a large volume 
 consisting almost entirely of articles in correction of those 
 existing in other works. 
 
 No statement of any former writer should be taken for 
 granted, if there is any more original source. Compilers of 
 Dictionaries sin greatly in this respect. The reason is pro- 
 bably that to be correct requires so mucli time and research 
 
 c
 
 34 OF ERRORS. 
 
 that it docs not pay to be accurate if much time is con- 
 sumed. 
 
 The safest way to avoid crroi-s would bo to compare the 
 pi'oof of every title page with the book itself, but the labmu- 
 would be enormous, and I doubt if it is practicable in most 
 cases. Nevertheless, it is the surest way. At the same time 
 I would not discourage anybody from attempting a catalogue 
 or bibliotheca, altliough nobody can expect to do anything 
 of much value without accuracy, the greater the accuracy 
 the greater the value. 
 
 Nothing is satisfactoiy but actual inspection of the books 
 themselves. We have quite enough of descriptions of books 
 at second, third, or fourth hand, in nearly all existing works, 
 and it is time now to go upon "a ncAv and improved prin- 
 ciple." Mr. W. Carew Hazlitt in the preface to his "Collec- 
 tions and Notes," 187G, has some interesting remarks on 
 this subject to which the student can refer.
 
 ON THE MEANS OF IDENTIFYING THE 
 AUTHORS OF ANONYMOUS AND 
 PSEUDONYMOUS PUBLICATIONS. 
 
 It constantly happens that " a lady," in one of her later 
 publications will mention a former one. In this case it is 
 necessary to look at the publication so referred to, when it 
 will be ascertained if it is anonymous. Works are also 
 advertised at the end of others, either as published, or forth- 
 coming, and these works themselves must all be looked at. 
 
 A most extensive library is requisite for references such as 
 these. Indeed, it frequently happens that the works required 
 cannot be found even in the enormous library of the British 
 "Museum. 
 
 To take the following as an example, in Mrs. H. Mozley's : 
 Louisa, or the bride, by the author of the fairy bower 
 [motto]. London, James Burns, Portman street, and Henry 
 Mozley & sons, Derby, 1842, 12o, pp. 302. 
 
 It is pseudonymous. We find advertised at the end by 
 the same author : Bessie Gray, or the dull child. Hymns 
 for children on the Lord's Prayer, our duty to God and scrip- 
 ture history. Robert Marshall, or the cleverest boy in the 
 school. The Stanley Ghost. The old Bridge. Some pub- 
 lished, others in the press, none of them, however, have I 
 (1872), been able to find in the Catalogue of the Library of 
 the British Museum (30). They may be there nevertheless. 
 
 As another example, I have traced the following works 
 to the same author, without, however, ascertaining the 
 author's name. 
 
 Spain yesterday and to-day, l)y a lady, London, Harvey 
 and Darton [18201], sm. 8o. — Portugal, or the young tra- 
 
 (30). I have lately (May 1880) searched again, but still do iiotfiud 
 them. 
 
 c 2
 
 36 MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION, 
 
 vcllers,... 1830. — The new estate, or the young travellers in 
 AValcs and Ireland, by the author of Portugal,... 1831. — 
 The East Indians at Selwood, or the orphans' home, by the 
 author of Portugal ; the new estate, &c., &:c., Lond. Darton 
 and Harvey, 1834, small 12o. — Gleanings from many fields, 
 by the author of Portugal, the new estate, etc., &c., Loud., 
 Darton and Harvey, 1834, 12o, 
 
 Sometimes it is possible to make a tolerably certain guess 
 at the author, from the similarity in style, or some trick of 
 the author, as in the punctuation, or the use of italics, as by 
 Archbishop "Whately, or the constant use of the dash, as in 
 the works of James Flamank. 
 
 But in all cases con-oborative evidence is necessar}'. For 
 how wrong a guess of this kind may be has been amply illus- 
 trated in Notes and Queries. 
 
 Every celebrated man has had numerous publications at- 
 tributed to him by people who professed themselves (}uite 
 certain of the authorship, from the style and subject matter. 
 
 There is at present no book which will give any help in 
 an investigation like the present. In the " Handbook of 
 Fictitious Names," at pages 7 and 8, only seven real names 
 of ladies are revealed, with a note to the effect that there 
 were upwards of fifty works unknown. 
 
 The very useful series of catalogues published by Messrs. 
 Bent, Hodgson, and Sampson Low, the English Catalogue of 
 the latter being the best of the kind, afford great assis- 
 tance. 
 
 The London catalogue of books, 1814 — 1851, has a clas- 
 sified index, and in this anonymous works are frequently at- 
 tributed to their real authors, though without any indication 
 of their anonymity. 
 
 The British catalogue also has a subject index. 
 
 The following include the majority of publications from 
 1800 to the present time, except pamphlets and privately 
 printed works. 
 
 The London catalogue of books ... since the year 1800 to 
 March 1827, Lond. pub. for tlie executor of the late W. 
 Bent by Longman &c. 1827, 8o. 
 
 The London catalogue ... 1814 to 1846. 
 
 The London catalogue ... 1816 to 1851, Lond., Thomas 
 Hodgson 13 Paternoster row and sold by Lonerman &c., 
 1851, 8o. 
 
 The classified index to the London catalogue... 1816 to 
 1851, London T. Hodfrson 1853, 8o. s
 
 MEANS OF IDENTIFICATION. 37 
 
 The British catalogue of books published from oct. 1837, 
 to dec. 1852 ... by Sauipson Low, vol. 1. general alphabet, 
 Lond. S. Low & sou, 1853. 
 
 In this the dates of publication were added for the first 
 time. The author published an Index to the above in 1858, 
 in which he acknowledges the assistance of Dr. Crestadoro. 
 
 The English catalogue of books, published from January, 
 1835, to January, 1863, comprising the contents of the 
 " London " and the " British " catalogues, and the principal 
 works published in the United States of America and Con- 
 tinental Europe ... compiled liy Sampson Low [and assis- 
 tants], London, S. Low Son &, Marston, 1864, r. 8o. And 
 continuations to tiie present time. So that we thus have 
 names of authors and index of subjects from 1814 to the 
 present time. For the years from 1800 to 1814, Watt's 
 Bibliotheca Britannica can be referred to. 
 
 I will now give an illustration. 
 
 Information we will say, for example, is sent to the follow- 
 ing effect : — 
 
 " Sir, — Seeing that you are collecting, with a view to pub- 
 lication, names of authors of the nineteenth century, I beg- 
 to say that I was well acquainted with Miss Seaman, who 
 died about the year 1830, a notice of whom you will find in 
 the Ryde papers. She wrote ' Some Observations on Girl's 
 Schools and Boarding Schools,' but whether with her name 
 or not I forget. Also, al")Out 1823, was published, by Smith 
 of London, an interesting religious tale called Lily, and in 
 16o, 1825, a capital little work on the choice of books, 
 with advice about Miss Edgeworth's Novels." 
 
 It will be evident to anyone that the whole of the above 
 requires verification, a labour of hours, perhaps days, which 
 might have been saved by a little bibliographical knowledge 
 on the part of our informant. 
 
 On investigation it appears, tlicn, that our informant has 
 scarcely given a single date or title correctly. — 1. Miss Sea- 
 man died in 1829, not 1830. — 2. The reference to the Ryde 
 papers is useless, as too wide for verification, and inaccessible. 
 — 3. The title of each of her works is given from recollec- 
 tion, or rather, from no recollectioi:, and they are all incor- 
 rect. — 4. The titles are made up. — 5. Words not in the title- 
 pages are interpolated without notice. — 6. The size of the 
 book is placed before the date — i.e. it is interpolated, and iu 
 fact everything is reversed.
 
 38 MEAXS OF IDENTIFICATION. 
 
 The above information might be best pnt in this form. ' 
 
 Seaman (Lucy) the daughter of a Captain in the Royal 
 Navy, born at Hyde, the 23 May, 1801, wrote several works 
 which are held in liigh estimation, and died of consumption 
 on the 15 September, 1821). The following are the only 
 piiblications I know of from her pen ; but as she published 
 \vithout giving her name, there are probably others that arc 
 unknown. 
 
 (1) Remarks on education, as at present conducted, espe- 
 cially witli reference to private tuition and the system of 
 boarding schools for young ladies, London (printed at Ryde), 
 for the author, 1822, 12mo, pp. iv. 33, anon. 
 
 The authoress says, that her fiither's early death making 
 her, while very young, acquainted with the routine of teach- 
 ing, was the cause of her publishing these remarks. 
 
 (2.) Little Lily, a moral tale for children, by a lady, 
 author of Remarks, etc., Loud. J. Smith, 1823, 8o, pp. 115, 
 2s 6d, pseudon. 
 
 This is the first edition of this excellent little book, the 
 second and subsequent editions of which were published with 
 her name. 
 
 We observe that a book entitled " Little Lily's travels, 
 Lond. Nelson, 1860," has been published ; but it is a diffe- 
 rent work to the above. 
 
 (3.) Miss Maria Edgeworth's tales compared with other 
 works of fiction ; to which is added advice for the selection, 
 and a list of works most suitable for children, by the author 
 of Little Lily, &c., Lond., J. Smith, 1826 [1825], 18o, pp. 
 xi and 200, 3s, auton. 
 
 In this she complains of her failing health, and expresses 
 her great respectfor the writings of her friend Miss Edgeworth. 
 
 Here it will be observed that the first work is strictly 
 anonymous, as the abbreviation " anon," indicates, that is 
 to say, it has no name on the title-page, nor any name, pseu- 
 donym, nor initials to the preface ; and has in fact no clue 
 whatever as to who is the author, as the reference to her in 
 the imprint cannot be considered such. But from the book 
 being printed at Ryde for the aiithor, though published in 
 London, it may be inferred that she resided at Ryde at the 
 time. 
 
 The second work is pseudonymous, as the abbreviation 
 " pseudon," indicates. 
 
 The third work would appear also by the title-page to be
 
 JIEANS OF IDENTIFICATION. 39 
 
 pseudonymous, it is not so, as the preface is signed by the 
 authoress, and the abbreviation "auton," warns us that it is 
 autonymous. 
 
 In conckision, I hope that my observations will not dis- 
 hearten the student who is ambitious of being bibliogTaphi- 
 cal. Let every one strive to do his best. But let no man 
 suppose he can make a good catalogue simply from his de- 
 sire to do so and without previous study. It is no use say- 
 ing a man miist be accui'ate, he cannot until he has studied 
 the art of bibliography, and learned what has already been 
 done in that science ; so that by taking note of the errors of 
 his predecessors, he may attempt a catalogue on the most 
 modern and improved principles, and thereby contribute to- 
 wards the advancement and improvement of bibliography.
 
 LIST OF WORKS BY A LADY. 
 
 "Bibliography is a dry occupation, — a caput mortnnm,— it 
 is a borrowed production, wliicli brings verj' little grist to 
 the mill ; and so difficult and tedious is the object, of lay- 
 ing before our eyes all the renl or reported copies or edi- 
 tions of the Nvorks enumerated, tliat almost everj' line of 
 our reports may be suspected of falsehood.'' — James Atkin- 
 son, Aledical Bibliography, lS3-i, So [he stopped with 
 letter BJ. 
 
 It is probable that every great national library contains more 
 works without autliors' names tliau witli them Of tliese 
 anonymous books, a considerable proportion will, doubt- 
 less, belong to authors whose names are either known to, 
 or conjectured, more or less plausibly, by the learned bib- 
 liographer. But if conjecture be allowed to govern the 
 X>hire of a book in a catalogue, all reliability on it ceases. 
 — Edward Edwards, in the Encyclopaedia Britanuica, 
 eighth edition, 1857, Art. Libraries, p. 378. 
 
 j^ 1. An account of the celebration of the jubilee, on the 25th 
 
 cot. 1809, being- the 49th anniver.sary of the reign of Geo. ill 
 
 collected and published by a lady. Birmingham [1809], 4o. 
 
 I should observe that I have not, out of regard to space, put in the 
 pagination, price, &c., and that nearly all the places of ijublication 
 are abbreviated. I have seen every book which I here describe, 
 mostly in the Library of the British Museum. 
 
 2. Ailzie Grierson... by a lady. Edin. Jolinstone 1846, 16o. 
 
 3. Almeda, or the Neapolitan revenge, a tragic drama, by a 
 lady. Lond. Symonds 1801, 8o. 
 
 This is in five acts and in verse. The advertisement states that part of 
 the plot, which relates to the revenge of the Countess (Almeda) was 
 taken from the " Lite of Rozelli." — The author's name was not known 
 to the editors of the Biographia Dramatica 1812. 
 
 4. An alphabet of animals, by a lady. Lond. 1865, 
 
 5. An anecdotal memoir of the princess royal of England from 
 her birth to her marriage [with prince Frederick William of Prus- 
 Bia] by a lady. Lond. Houlston 1858, small 12o. 
 
 Prefixed are some verses signed "Mary Bennett."
 
 LIST OF ■WORKS BY A LADY. 41 
 
 6. Anecdotes of animals selected by a lady for the amusement 
 of her children. Lond. Darton and Harvey 1832, square 16o. 
 
 7. An appeal to the women of England to discourage the stage, 
 by a lady. Lond. Joseph Masters 1855, 24o. 
 
 8. Tlie arithmetical class-l)Ook, or preparatory studies in arith- 
 metic, by a lady ; for the use of schools, and particularly designed 
 as an assistant for female teachers. Lond. Harvey and Darton 1824, 
 12o, pp. IV. 62. 
 
 In the preface, dated from " Clapham road place," the authoress says 
 .she has had long experience. This little work is not mentioned by 
 De Mora'au iu his list of Arithmetical books. 
 
 9. Tlie Astrologer, a' legend of the Black Forest, by a lady 
 [motto] in two volumes. Lond. Saunders & Otley 1846. 
 
 10. The beauties of scripture history for the use of young per- 
 .sons learning English, by a lady. Paris, Ch. Duniol, 29 rue de 
 Tounion 1855. 
 
 11. Beauty, what it is, and how to retain it, by a lady : a com- 
 panion volume to [but nut by the authoress of] How to dress on 
 i-15 a year... Lond. Warne [1873] 12o. 
 
 o'- 12. The book of costumes, or annals of fashion... by a lady of 
 rank, illustrated... new edit. Loud. Colburn 1847. 
 
 13. The boy's own text book, containing a text from the old 
 and new Testaments... selected by a lady [motto] Lond. J. F. 
 Shaw 1857. 
 
 I need scarcely say that this has nothing iu common with " The Boys' 
 Own Book," as to which I had a note in "Notes & Queries" of 27 
 April, 1878, p. 329. See no. 71. 
 
 14. A brief guide to happiness [through religion] by a ladj", 2nd 
 edit, revised. Load. Hope & Co. 1851. 
 
 15. Buds and blossoms, or stories of children, by a lady. Lond. 
 Hatchard [1842 /]. The same work, only anonymous, was also 
 published by Groombridge 1852. 
 
 16. Caroline and lier mother... principally upon entomological 
 subjects, by a lady [mottoes] Lond. Hatchard 1827. 
 
 17. Catechism for the use of young people [motto] by a lady 
 Paris, published by Galignani 1834. 
 
 18. A catechism of the history of England, by a lady. Lond. 
 Dolman 1850. 
 
 One of a series called Dolman's [Catholic] catechisms. The history of 
 France and Germany in the same series are written by A. M. S., and 
 are attributed, with a query, at the British Museum, to Agnes :\I. 
 Stewart. 
 
 19. Cato, or interesting adventures of a dog, interspersed with 
 real anecdotes, by a lady, author of Infant's frieml — Easy rliynies, 
 &c. [motto] 3rd edition. Lond. J. Harris, St. i'auls' churchyard 
 [1820?] 12o, pp. 175. 
 
 Dedicated to " my little girl," by her mother. " Easy rliymes " appears 
 to bo the only one of the above three works in the London Catalogue.
 
 42 LIST OF AVORKS BY A LADY. 
 
 20. The child's i,'uide to knowleil,L;e... by a lady. 
 The 2ud edit. 1S2S, the 39th edit. Lond. Siinpkin, 1866. 
 
 21. The child's manual of prayer, by a lady ... Loud. Dolman 
 1849. Approved 4* by Nicholas, bishop ot Melipotaraus. 
 
 22. The child's own book on New-church doctrine, by a lady. 
 Lond. 1837. 
 
 23. The child's pathway through the history of Englan<l, by a 
 lady, second edition. Loud. Jarrold (Norwich printed) [1858 ?] 
 
 The preface is signed Ida, Nottincrham, 1S55, aud I think it may safe'.y 
 be assumed that the authoress lived there. 
 
 24. The child's treasure, or reading without spelling effectually 
 simplified... by a lady. Lond. C. H. Law, 1851. 
 
 25. Choice descriptive poetry... selected by a lady. Lond. 
 Wliittaker, Birmingham (printed) [1852]. 
 
 26. Chollerton... by a lady. Lond. OUivier 1846, 8o, pp. 381. 
 
 27. The christian's daily preacher... by a lady [motto] Wey- 
 mouth, 1826. 
 
 28. Christmas 1846 and the new year 1847 in Ireland, letters 
 from a lady ; edited by W. S. Gilly... price one shilling : the 
 proceeds ot the sale to be given towards relieving the distress in 
 Ireland. Durham, Andrews, 1847, 12o. 
 
 "A lady," not wishing her name published, the editor puts his as a 
 guarantee of good faith. 
 
 29. A compendium of ancient geography, compiled for the 
 
 young princess M. L. B*N*P**TE de M T, intended as a 
 
 sequel to the abbe Gaultier's excellent Modern geography, as a 
 companion to "Tales of the Classics," and inscribed to governesses 
 ... by a lad}'. Lond. Hailes, 1835. 
 
 30. A compendium of British geography, with questions, by a 
 lady, the author of First lessons in geography. Lond. Hailes 1828(?} 
 
 31. Compendium of universal history, bj'' the author of 1000 
 questions on the old and new Testaments. Lond. Jarrold 1844. 
 
 In both the London and English Catalojnies, said to be by "a lady," 
 but those words do not occur on the title. 
 
 32. Conversations on important scriptural subjects by, a lady. 
 Lond. Ford, Islington 1837, 16o, pp. 102. 
 
 33. Conversations on the lord's prayer, by a lady [motto] Lond* 
 Simpkin — Benson and Barling. Weymouth [1851 ?] 
 
 The illustration is signed E.J. P. 
 
 34. Cookery made easy, by a lady [1841 ?] 11 edit. 1854. 
 
 We have from this author : Cheap, nice, and nourishing cookery, or 
 how working people may live well upon asmall incomc.by the author 
 of " Cookery made easy." Lond. Dean [1841]. 
 
 35. The cottage home... by a lady. Lond. [1864].
 
 LIST OP WORKS BY A LADY. 43 
 
 36. The cottager's assistant, or the wedding present, 2nd edit., 
 ...by a lady, price 2s. 6d. with jjlates. Lond. Kodwell & Martin 
 1824, 12o, pp. viiL & 47. 
 
 Inscribed to the Viscountess Cremorne. 
 
 37. A course of... praj^ers... selected by a lady. Lond. Lyntot, 
 price 2s. 6d., 1804, 8o. 
 
 38. Cousin Rachel's visit, by a lady. Wellington, Salop, printed 
 by and for Houlston, London 1827. 
 
 39. The Cousins, being amusing and instructive lessons in the 
 French language, 2 parts. Lond. Derby, printed [1850]. 
 
 40. Craigh-Melrose priory ; or memoirs of the Mount Linton 
 family, a novel in four vols, by a lady. Lond. Chappie 1815. 
 
 41. The crucifixion, a poem... by a lady. Lond. Cadell 1817. 
 
 42. Daily bread, or a text of scripture... selected by a lady. 
 2nd edit.,.. Liverpool 1821. 
 
 The same published by Seeley, Lond. and Grapel, Liverpool, 1840. 
 
 43. Dartmoor legends and other poems, by a lady. Exeter, 
 Roberts 1857. 
 
 Dedicated to her father's friend Arthur Howe Holdsworth. 
 
 44. Dates of the kings of England, in easy triplets, by a lady 
 Lond. [1874]. 
 
 45. Domestic economy and cookery, for rich and poor... 
 English, Scotch, French, Oriental and other foreign dishes... bj' a 
 lady. Lond. John Murray 1827, 12o. 
 
 Several editions to the present time, and if not the first, at all events 
 one of the earliest was published by Longmans. 
 
 46. An earnest address to young communicants, by a lady. 
 Lond. Rivingtons 1865. 
 
 Dedicated by permission to the bishop of Oxford. 
 
 47. Easy and familiar sermons for children, by a lady. Lond. 
 printed for the author. Crew and Spencer, 27 Lamb's conduit 
 street and Simpkin and Marshall 1830. 
 
 48. Easy lessons in the history of England, by a lady, third 
 edit. Lond. Harvey & Darton 1839. ; 
 
 49. Easy questions and answers from the Pentateuch... by a 
 lady [1855]. 
 
 50. Economical cookery for young housekeepers... by a lady. 
 Lond. 1824, 4th edit. R. Clarke 1839. 
 
 51. Educational outlines and other letters on practical duties, 
 to which is added a journal of a summer's excursion made by the 
 author and her pupils, by a lady. Lond. Groombridge 1850, 8o, 
 pp. 8 and 116, with an illustration of Versailles.
 
 44 LIST OF •WORKS BV A LADY. 
 
 52. Edward Beaumont, or the efficacy of prayer, a narrative 
 founded on facts, by a lady, [uiotto] Dublin, S. B. Oldham, — 
 AVhittaker, Loud. 1844. 
 
 53. Effie's and the Doctor's tales... by a lady, with (five) illus- 
 trations by the same. Lond. Darton [1859] 
 
 54. Eight days' journey to i\Iatlock, by a lady. Wakefield, 
 printed for John Robinson, Express Office 1860. 
 
 55. An elementary compendium of music for the use of schools, 
 by a lady. Lond. John Murray 1835, (juarto, pp. vir. and 72, price 
 12s. 
 
 56. Emily Trevor, or the Vale of Ehvy, by a lady. Lond. Simp- 
 kin, Denbigh (printed by) T. Gee 1850. 
 
 This is inscribed to Mrs. Maconocliie of Meadow-bank house. 
 
 57. English history, in the way of question and answer, by a 
 lady, new edit. Lond. [1839 I]. 
 
 58. The English mother, or 'early lessons on tlie church of 
 England, by a lady [mottoes] Bath (printed) W. Pocock. Lond. 
 Simj)kin 1 840, So, pp. xii, 84 : list of subscribers. 
 
 59. Enquiries for the truth between the divided church mili- 
 tant denominated Roman and Protestant, by a lady. Canterbury 
 (printed by) Henry Ward. Lond. Hatchard 1851. 
 
 60. Esthwaite water, a poem in three parts... by a lady. Lond. 
 Whittaker : Kendal (printed by) J. Hudson 1854, 8o, pp. 44, with 
 an engraving signed W. Banks, sc. Edin. 
 
 61. Every lady her own cook ; or a few practical hints as to 
 how the patent Crimean cooking stove can be used to the best 
 advantage, by a lady. Dul^lin, McGlashan 1857. 
 
 62. Every lady's guide to her own greenhouse... by a lady. 
 Lond. Orr 1851. 
 
 63. An explanation of the ten commandments, by a lady ; re- 
 vised by a clergyman of the church of England. Lond. Tabart 
 1802, small 12o, pp. 40. 
 
 64. An explanation of the two sacraments and the occasional 
 rites and ceremonies of the church of England, in a series of dia- 
 logues between a mother (Mrs. Vernon) and her daughters (Louisa 
 and Mary) intended for the use of young persons. Lond. John 
 Murray 1828, 8o. pp. xi. and 1 and 271. 
 
 Inscribed to Mr. Justice Parke. 
 
 As catalogued by Lowndes in the " British Librarian," p. 782, this 
 little work well illustrates some of my pre'V'ious obsei'vations. 
 Lowndes gives part of the title, and afterwards puts a note in the 
 ■words of the rest of the title. His date is later than mine, but he 
 does not say it is a new edition. The following is a copy of Lowndes' 
 entry : — " 629. An Explanation of the Two Sacraments and the occa- 
 sional Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England, by a Lady, 
 London, 1831, sm. 8vo, publ. at 5s. 6d. A series of dialogues between 
 a mother and her daughters, intended for the use of young persons."
 
 LIST OF WORKS BY A LADY. 45 
 
 65. Extracts of letters to a christian friend, by a lady, with an 
 introductory essay by Thos. Erskine, esq., advocate, author of 
 ■" Remarks on the internal evidences for the trutli of revealed 
 religion," etc., etc. R. B. Lusk Greenock. Glasgow 1830. 
 
 66. Familiar dialogues, on interesting subjects... by a lady. 
 Lond. Rivington 1821. 
 
 It might occur to any one tliat the publishers would give the author's 
 name, my enquiries Irom this source were so constantly and uniformly 
 unsuccessful that I never resort to publishers now. 
 
 67. Flora and Thalia, or germs of flowers and poetry ; being 
 an alphabetical arrangement of flowers, with appropriate poetical 
 illustrations [selected from various authors] embellished with 
 ■coloured plates (M. Spratt del.) : by a lady [motto] Lond. Wasli- 
 bourne 1835, small 12o, pp. xii. 200. 
 
 Dedicated by permission to the duchess of Kent and the princess Vic- 
 toria. The preface is addressed from "King's road Chelsea." 
 
 68. Florence Nightingale and the Russian war, a poem, by a 
 lady. Lond. Hatchard 1856. 
 
 The authoress says " she had the honour of being nearly connected with 
 ■one of the greatest naval commanders of the age in which he lived." 
 
 69. Footprints for little christians, by a lady, price sixpence. 
 Salisbury. Lond. Simpkin [I860]. 
 
 70. Garden of language [motto] London, Fisher son & co, 
 Newgate street 1835, 16o, pp. 31, with illustrations. 
 
 This is a sort of Eng-Iish grammar, and is said in the London Cata- 
 logue to be by a lady. 
 
 71. The girls' own text book, containing a text... for every 
 morning and evening in the year : selected by a lady. Lond. J. F. 
 Shaw 1858, 32o, see no 13. 
 
 72. Glimpses of natural history, by a lady [motto] London, 
 Darton & Harvey (1843) [afterwards bought by R. Clarke] s(|uare 
 16o, pp. VI. 199, with illustrations, some signed J. B. 
 
 73. A glimpse of Oriental Nature, pictures with verses by a 
 lady, with a preface by... G. R. Gleig. Lond. Dean & Son 1865, 
 4o. 
 
 74. Grandmamma's first catechism, by a ladv, second edition. 
 Oxford (printed) and London, J. H. Parkei' 1854, 24o, j^p. 23. 
 
 75. " Guess if you can " ! a collection of enigmas and charades 
 in verse, together with 50 in the French language, by a lud}-. Lond. 
 Bogue 1851, 8o. 
 
 76. A guide for the sick chamber, consisting of jirayers, hymns 
 and portions of scripture selected... by a lady. Edinburgh 1837, 
 12c. 
 
 77. Harp of Salem, a collection of historical poems IVcmi tlie 
 scriptures, together with some reflective jiieces, by a lady. Edinb. 
 James Taylor, Smith & co. Hunter square 1827, 12o, pp. v. 224.
 
 46 LIST OP WORKS BY A LADY. 
 
 78. The liistory of David the King of Israel, in two parts, by 
 a laJy [motto] Loudon, printed by H. Teape, Tower hill, sold by 
 Blaui'.lianl, City road ; Kent, Hamilton ; and Keene, Dublin 1817, 
 12o, pp. 4 and 184. 
 
 The advortisenient states that this was originally written for the Youths 
 Magazine, and that the first part appeared in the tenth volume of that 
 publication. 
 
 79. The home book, or young housekeeiDer's assistant, forming 
 a complete system of domestic economy and household accounts, 
 with estimates of expenditure, &c., &c., in every department of 
 housekeeping founded on forty-five years' experience, by a lady 
 [motto] London, Snuth, Elder & co. 1829, 12o, pp. vii. 175. 
 
 Starts upon the assumption that the lady's husband has not less than 
 £1000 a year. 
 
 80. Hours with the Leslies, a tale for children, and Phantasie's 
 birtliday, a fairy tale, by a latly. London, Hope & co. 16 Great 
 Marlborough street 1853 [1852] large 16o, pp. 4 and 200. 
 
 81. How to dress on £15 a year as a lady, by a lady [IMrs. 
 Millicent Whiteside Cook] Lond. Warne 1873, 
 
 This little work was the subject of a Chancery suit, Warne the 'original 
 publisher against Koutledge, the publisher of a second edition before 
 Warne's was exhausted. Mrs. Cook's royalty was one penny per 
 copy sold, and Warne very shortly paid her £100. — See Law Eeports. 
 Master of the Rolls 12 June 1874 xviii. 497. 
 
 82. Hymns and thoughts for the sick and lonely, by a lady. 
 London. Nisbet [Bath 1848] 12o, 
 
 New edition Xisbet 1859. 
 
 83. Hymns for times of sickness and sorrow selected from 
 various authors by a lady, the profits ot the work will be given to 
 the Choleia orphan home, Ham Common near Eichmond... Lou- 
 don, Wertlieim and Macintosh 24 Paternoster row [1849] small 
 12o, pp. 34. 
 
 Inscribed to rev. Joseph Brown, rector of Christ cluu-ch, Surrey, dated 
 from Keythorpe Hall. 
 
 84. Ines, and other poems [motto] London, printed for Allnian 
 1816, 8o, pp. 4 and 208. 
 
 The London Catalogue says this is by a lady, but those words do not 
 occur on the title. 
 
 85. Jesus the Messiah, or the Old testament prophecies ful- 
 filled in tlie New testament scriptures, by a lady, the profits to be 
 devoted to charitable purposes. LondoU; Seeley and Burnside 182i, 
 12o, pp. XIX. 264. 
 
 Dedicated to the right rev. Charles Richard lord bishop of Winchestei-. 
 
 .v/' 86. The juvenile gardener written by a lady, for the use of her 
 own children, with a view of giving them an early taste for the 
 ])leasures of a garden and the study of botany [motto] Lond. printed 
 for Harvey aud Darton and sold by John Rodford, Hull 1824, 12o, 
 pp. 126.
 
 LIST OF WORKS BY A LADY, 47 
 
 87. Kaisersworth Deaconesses, including a history of the Insti- 
 tution : the ordination service and questions for self examina- 
 tion, by a lady. Lend. Masters 1857, 12o. 
 
 88. The ladies' guide to life assurance : briefly shewing the 
 necessity for its more extended practice amongst the female com- 
 munity, by a lady. Lond. Partridge, Oakey & co. 3i Paternoster 
 row 1854, 18o, pp. 32. 
 
 It is dedicated by permission to tlie duchess of Hamilton and Bi-andon. 
 The preface is signed J. B. and dated Greenwich 24 Nov. 1854. 
 
 89. The lady's guide to the ordering of her household and the 
 economy of the dinner table, by a ladv. London, Smith & Elder 
 1861, 8o, pp. XVI. 500. 
 
 90. Letters on confirmation, a manual of moral and religious 
 duties, designed for the young of her own sex in the upper ranks 
 of society, by a lady. London, Cleaver 1846, 16o. 
 
 91. Letters to my unknown friends, bv a hid}'. Lond. printed u^-Taqi. 
 for Longman, &c. 1846, 8o, pp. vi. 294 ; also 1849 and 1853. ^^ 
 
 Also author of Some j^assages in Modern history. 
 
 92. The life of Mary, mother of our Lord.,, by a lady. Lond 
 1851, 8o. 
 
 93. Lilias, or fellowship with God... by a lady [with an intro- 
 duction by...C. B. Tayler] Edin. 1859, 8o. 
 
 94. Lines addressed to prince Leopold of Saxe-Cobourg on the 
 death of his consort the princess Charlotte of Wales, by a lady. 
 Colchester, printed and sold l)y Swinborneand AValter; Hatchard, 
 London 1817, 8o, jip. 7. 
 
 95. Little Christian's Sunday alphabet, by a lady, woodcuts. 
 1849, 16o. 
 
 96. ]\landeville, or the Lynraouth visitors, Barnstaple printed 
 by Biiglitwell & son, sokl also by Longman & co., Whittaker & 
 CO., Lond. ; Koberts, Exeter ; Kettleton, Plymouth 1839, 8o, pp. 
 VII. 164. 
 
 97. ]\lary Queen of Scots, an historical ballad with otlier poems 
 bv a ladv. Lond. printed for John Stockdale, Piccadilly 1800, 16o, 
 pp. 89, 2s. 6d. 
 
 98. Method for teaching plain needlework in schools, by a lady 
 ("second edition). London, liobert Hardwicke 192 Piccadilly [1861J 
 
 8n. 
 
 The title page is lithog-raphed. The preface is signed M. E. ]j., Deer. 
 ISGl. 1 have not seen the first edition of 18.o7. The authoress says 
 she received her information thirty years before 1861. 
 
 99. ]\ietrical remembrances, by a lady [motto from Isaiah xl. 29] 
 London 1832, 16o. 
 
 No publisher's name, S. Bagster, Junr. printer. 
 
 ]()(>. Modern household cookery, a new work fur ])rivatii 
 families, by a lady, with an introduction on the pliilosupiiy lA' 
 coukeiy. London, IS^elsoii 1860, 8o, i)p. XV. 396, and plates.
 
 48 LIST OF -WORKS BY A LADY. 
 
 1(H. The moileni cookery, written upon the most .approved 
 ami econoiiiii.al princijtles, unci in which everj' receipt has stood 
 tlie test of experience, by a l.iily, :?ecorul edition, with considerable 
 additions by tlie author. Derbv, i)riuted by and for Henry Mo/ley 
 1820, 12o. 
 
 102. ^lurray's modern cookery book. ^Modern domestic cookery 
 l)ased on the well-known works of I\lis. Rundell, but includinj,' all 
 the recent improvements in the culinary art : founded on prin- 
 ciples of economy and practical knowled^^'e and adajited for private 
 families, by a lady, with illustrative woodcuts. Lond. John Mur- 
 ray 1851, 8o, XXVIII, G75. 
 
 "The arrangement of the whole work, previonsly enriched with the 
 valuable contributions of the late Miss Emma Piol)erts (whos-e receipts 
 are marked E. R. ) has lieen i)lnced under tlie careful inspection of 
 a lady well versed in the art of which it treats. The book has had 
 the furtlier a<lvantage of bcinp: thoroug-hlj' )-evised by a |irofessional 
 gentleman of great repute in London, who has also supplied several 
 valuable receipts." —Preface. 
 
 103. !Moral maxims from the wisdom of .Jesus the son of Sirach, 
 or the Ecclesiasticus, selected by a lady, and enriched with six 
 engravings from drawings cf her own. Lond. Harris 1807. 
 
 104. ]\Iy Norske note book ; or a month in Norway, by a lady. 
 Lond. Westerton 1860 [1859] 8o. 
 
 105. Natural history of Cjuadrupeds, f,)r children... by a lady, 
 2nd edit., with plates. Lond. Harvey and Darton 1824, 12o, 4s. 
 3rd edit. 182—? 
 
 106. The new estate, or the young travellers in Wales and 
 Ireland, by author of Portugal, &c. Lond. printed for Darton and 
 Harvey 1831, 12o, pp. vii. 302, with illustrations. 
 
 The same names and persons occur in "The young travellers in Portu- 
 gal." The authoress acknowledges having availed herself of a small 
 work called "Fairy Legends" [by C'roker] in speaking of popular 
 superstitions. The "New Estate" is in Ireland. 
 
 107. The Orb of light ; or the Apocalyptic vision (with the 
 text of the Revelation) by a lady. Lond. Wertheim, 1860, 8o. 
 
 108. Original fables [in verse] by a lady ; dedicated to her 
 royal highness the princess Charlotte of Wales, embellished with 
 fifty-four elegant engravings on wood. Lond. printed for B. Crosby 
 & CO. 1810 ; 12o, otiier editions 1812 and 1815. 
 
 109. Outlines of truth by a lady. London, Hatchard 1825, 12o. 
 
 110. The philanthropist, or selfishness and benevolence illus- 
 trated: a tale, by a lady [mottoes] London, Win. Ball 1836, 8o, 
 pp. VI. 389. 
 
 Announced as by the same author 'The spirit of sectarianism,* So, 
 pp. 7i>, Is. Cd. This is a ditiereiit work to the Philanthropist by 
 P. S. Goss. 
 
 111. Plain lectures on Genesis fur family reading, by a lady. 
 Lond. Pickering 1841, 8o.
 
 LIST OP WORKS BY A LADY. 49 
 
 112. Poems for children, by a lad v. Load. Darton and Harvey 
 1834, 12o, pp. IV. 66. 
 
 113. A poetical picture of America, being observations made 
 during a residence of several years at Alexandria and Norfolk in 
 Virginia... 1799 to 1807, by a lady. London, printed for the author 
 and sold by Vernor Hood & Sharpe 31 Poultry 1809, small 8o, 
 pp. 14 and 177. 
 
 W. Wilson, printer, St. John's square. It has a list of subscribers. 
 
 114. Portions of Scripture, with... a view to promote the ob- 
 servance of the Lord's day, by a lady. Lond. J. Hatchard & Son 
 1837, price 3d, or 2s 6d a dozen, 12o, pp. 12. 
 
 115. Portugal, or the young travellers, being some account of 
 Lisbon and its environs, and of a tour in the Alemtejo ; from a 
 journal kept by a lady during three years' actual residence. Lond. 
 Darton & Harvey 1830, 12o. 
 
 116. Private memoirs of the Court of Louis xviii, by a lady, 2 
 vols Lond. Colbiirn 1830, 8o. 
 
 117. Prayers, hymns, and texts, by a lady. Lond. Seeley 1846, 
 12o. 
 
 118. Kavensdale, a tale by a lady [of Dublin] 2 vols, Dublin, 
 Curry & co. ; Lond. Longman 1845, 12o. 
 
 119. EecoUections of a seven years' residence at the Mauritius 
 or Isle of France, by a lady. London, James Cawthorn 1830, 8o, pp. 
 XI. 208. 
 
 The work is dedicated to Ellen & Mary. The preface is signed by 
 their "Mother." She speaks of her daughters as orphans. 
 
 120. The Redeemed Rose, or Willies rest, by a lady. Lond. 
 1853, So. 
 
 121. A residence at Sierra Leone, described from a journal ^ 
 kept on the spot and from letters written to friends at home, by a 
 lady [edited by the Hon. C. E. S. Norton] Lond. 1849, 16o. 
 
 One of Murray's Home and Colonial Library. 
 
 122. The restoration of the works of art to Italy, a poem by a (^ *^ 
 lady [motto] Oxford, printed by W. Baxter for R. Pearson High ■»^^*' 
 street, Oxford, and J. Ebers, Old Bond street, London 1816, 8o, ?Vft 
 pp. 23. 
 
 123. Return to my native village ; and other poems chiefly on 
 sacred subjects, by a lady. Oxford and Lond. Parker 1853, 16o. 
 
 124. The Rev. Jabez Bunting, or begging ; with other poems 
 by a lady, printed at the rL-ijuest of friends of the authoress. 
 William Illingworth, printer, top of Kirkgate, Leeds 1833; entered 
 at Stationers' Hall, 12o, pp. 14. 
 
 125. The rich old bachelor, a domestic tale [in verse] in the 
 style of Dr. Syntax [by W. Combe] by a lady [motto] Ward, 
 Printer, Canterbury 1824, 80, pp. 312. 
 
 u
 
 50 LIST OF WORKS BX A LADY. 
 
 12(5. The Sceptic, by a lady. Lond. J. Russell Smith 1850, 8o, 
 pp. viiL 168. 
 Crowkcrne (Somersetshire) printed by G. P. 11. Pulman, Market-place. 
 
 127. A scriptural guide to the duties of every-day life... com- 
 piled by a lady. Lond. Saunders and Otley 1846, 12o, 
 
 128. Selina, a novel, founded on facts, by a lady, in three 
 volumes. 
 
 Is there not a hand. 
 
 Which operates unseen, and regulates 
 
 The vast machine we tread on ? Dr. Hurdis. 
 
 Lond. printed for C. Law Ave maria lane, by Bye and Law, St. 
 John's-square, Clerkenwell 1800, 12o. 
 The authoress's fii-st work. 
 
 129. A series of reflections on the sacred oratorio of the Messiah 
 [by Handel] by a lady. London. Hatchard 1812, 8o. 
 
 For full title see the British Critic, XL. 201. 
 
 130. The siege of Mansoul a drama in five acts [and in verse] 
 the diction of which consists altogether in an accommodation of 
 words from Shakespeare and other poets, by a lady [motto] Bristol, 
 sold by W. Bulgin No. 3 Wine street, sold also by Matthews, 
 strand. Longman, &c., Lond.; and S. Hazard, Bath 1801, 8o, vi. 82. 
 
 "The composition of a lady now deceased." Part of the preface is 
 written by the Rev. H. Sulger. It is not in Baker's Biog. Dra- 
 matica, 1812. 
 
 131. Sketch of ancient geography, by a lady for the use of her 
 own pupils. Brighton & Lond. Whittaker 1857, 8o. 
 
 132. Spain yesterday and to-day, by a lady. Lond. Harvey & 
 Darton [1829] sm. 8o. 
 
 133. The stepping stone to astronomy, by a lady. Longmans 
 1858, 16o. 
 
 134. Suspirium sanctorum, or holy breathings, a series of 
 prayers for every day in the month, by a lady. Lond. Saunders & 
 Otley 1826, -80. 
 
 135. Tales from the German, by a lady. Lond. Anderson [1825 ?] 
 8o. 
 
 13G. Tales of the classics, a new delineation of the most popu- 
 lar fables, legends and allegories commemorated in the works of 
 poets, painters and sculptors, selected and written by a lady for 
 the amusement and instruction of her own daughters [mottoes] in 
 three volumes. London, Colburn and Bentley, 1830, 12o, vol I. 
 XXIV. 302, vol. IL IV, 302, vol iii. 370 the pagination of the ap- 
 pendix is continuous. 
 
 Dedicated to H.R.H. the princess Victoria of Kent, dated from " Wad- 
 lands," July 1829. 
 
 137. A text book [religious] for the sicli and afflicted, selected 
 by a lady. Loud. J. F. Shaw 1858, 16o.
 
 LIST OF WORKS BY A LADY. 51 
 
 138. ' Tales original and translated from the Spanish, by a lady, 
 embellished with eight engravings on wood. London J. J. Stock- 
 dale, 41 Pall Mall 1810, 8o, pp. 391. 
 Dedicated by the publisher to Anna Eliza Chandos, Countess Temple 
 The advertisement dated from Whitchiirch, Hampshire, states that 
 these are the production of a young lady unknown in the metropo- 
 lis, and unused to writing for the public. 
 
 139. Thoughts on our national calamity in a letter to a friend 
 in Ireland, by a lady [motto] Londou, llivington 1817, 8o, pp. 66. 
 
 On the death of the princess Charlotte Augusta of Wales. 
 
 140. Translations and sketches of biograjihy from the German, 
 Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, and French languages, by a lady. 
 Lond. Saunders & Otley 1839, 8o. 
 
 141. Twelve years a go, atale, by [a lady] the author of Letters 
 to unknown friends. Lond. Longman 1847, 16o. 
 
 142. Twice Married, my own story, by a lady. Lond. Ward & 
 Lock 1855, 8o. 
 
 143. Two fairy tales in a dramatic form, by a lady [MissClode 
 formerly of Wooton under Edge ]] Lond. A. Hall 1851, 12o. 
 
 144. Variety, a collection of original poems, by a lady. London, 
 printed by J. Davison, White-friars, for James Wallis, Paternoster 
 row, and Christopher and Jennet, Stockton 1802, small 8o, pp. 
 viiL, 167 and 1. 
 
 145. " Vater Unser," a tale for children, illustrative of the 
 Lord's prayer, translated freely from the German, by a lady. Lond. 
 Whittaker & Co. 1844, 12o, pp. 48. 
 
 Dedicated to A**** M***** B******, a child of seven years old, by 
 her mother. 
 
 146. Village incidents, or religious influence in domestic scenes 
 by a lady. London, Hatchard 1828, 12o, pp. viii. 145. 
 
 147. Woman as a virgin, wife, and mother, by a lady. Lond. 
 Mitchell [1838] 16o, Is. 6d. 
 
 148. A word in favor of female schools, addressed to parents 
 guardians and the public at large, by a lady [motto] London, 
 Longman 1826, 24o, pp. 74, 2s. 6d. 
 
 149. AVorkwoman's guide ; containing instructions in cutting tA-> 
 out and completing those articles of wearing apjjarel, etc., which i^j 
 are actually made at home, etc. Lond. Simpkin, Birmingham, 
 print. 1838, 4to. 
 
 New edit. Simpkin 1840, 4to, 21s. 
 
 150. Ward's illustrated geography in question and answer, a 
 sequel to '' First lessons in geogra])liy l)y a lady." Lond. Ward 
 [Bungay printed 1853] 12o, 4 edit. 1859. 
 
 151. The young lady's friend, by a lady, Glasgow, W. R. Mc 
 Phun 1857, 16o, pp. 128. 
 
 A book of advice and etiquette. The English catalogue 1835 — 1862 p. 
 855 gives a work with this title published by Parker & sou 1852.
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS. 
 
 WORKS BY THE AUTHOR. 
 
 A martyr to bibliography : a notice of the life and works of 
 Joseph-Marie Qudrard, bibliographer. 1867. Only 200 copies 
 printed : price 3s 6d. 
 
 Handbook of fictitious names, being a guide to authors chiefly 
 in the lighter literature of the xixth century, who have written 
 under assumed names, and to literary forgers, impostors, plagiar- 
 ists, and imitators, 1868. 
 
 This work is out of print. 
 
 "A useful and amnsing guide, especially to English authors of the 
 lighter literature of this century." — Encyclopcedia Britannica, ninth 
 edition. 1875, vol III. p. 658. 
 
 "A slight and tentative, though useful production, Ls the only work 
 yet published on the anonymous and pseudonymous literature of 
 Britain." — Chambers' Cyclopaedia, London, 1874, vol. 11. p. 84. 
 
 I could quote numerous other notices. Articles have also been written 
 since this work was published on the subject, mostly acknowledging 
 the source of their information. 
 
 1 have now determined to limit my collections on this subject, with the 
 end of the year 1879. 1 have been so many years engaged in obtain- 
 ing materials that I think there will be more chance of publishing if I 
 confine myself to revising and correcting what 1 have already collec- 
 ted. 1 make this declaration so that any body else who may be in- 
 clined may take up the subject where 1 leave off, as the presumption 
 that I am collecting might deter others from doing so. 
 
 This period, 1800—1879 is alone sufficient to occupy a lifetime. 
 
 A bibliographical list of lord Brougham's publications arranged 
 in chronological order. 1873. Only 100 copies separately 
 printed. Price Is.
 
 ADVERTISEMENTS. 53 
 
 A few words on Swimming, with practical hints, by R. Har- 
 rington ; to which is added a bibliographical list of works on 
 swimming by Olphar Hamst. Price one shilling. 
 
 I had a few thick paper copies of the list struck off separately with the 
 following title : — 
 
 Swimming : a bibliographical list of works on swimming, by the author 
 of the handbook of lictitious names, 1868. 
 
 I put the word " Swimming " at the head and used a phrase for pseu- 
 donym, so that it might be catalogued under the subject at the 
 British Museum instead of being buried under my name. 
 
 Catalogue of the Etchings and Drypoints of J, A. M. Whistler. 
 1874, with an etching by Percy Thomas of Whistler, after a 
 portrait by himself. Only fifty copies printed. One guinea each.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 {Puh. = P2iblisher.) 
 
 Accurac}- in bibliography, 10, 11, 12. 
 
 Abbreviation discn.ssed, 12 ; should 
 be indicated, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. 
 
 Additions in cataloguing titles should 
 be indicated, 2'.'. 
 
 Advertisements in books should be 
 preserved. 17. 
 
 Advocates Library catalogue of 28. 
 
 Aggravating ladies why this title 
 taken, 6 anonymous work, 15 
 list of works by, 40. 
 
 Aikin, Dr., 9. 
 
 Ailzie Grierson, 40. 
 
 Alemtejo, 49. 
 
 Alexandria, 49. 
 
 Allibone, Dictionary of English Lite- 
 rature, 30, index to New Testa- 
 ment, 31. 
 
 Allman, pub. 46. 
 
 Almeda, 40 
 
 Alphabet of animals, 40. 
 
 America, Public Libraries in, 11 — Pic- 
 ture of, 49. 
 
 Anacalypsis, 30. 
 
 Anderson, pub. 50. 
 
 Audrew.s, pub. 42. 
 
 Anecdotes of Animals, 41. 
 
 Anonymous works, 14. — cataloguing, 
 17.- Dictionary of 15, 16, 19, — 
 means of identifying authors of, 
 35, not read with confidence, 16. 
 — proportion of, in libraries, 40. 
 — statement that work is anon, 
 not to be relied on, 18. 
 
 Arithmetical books, list of, 11, 19, 
 33, 41. 
 
 Arithmetical class book, 41. 
 
 Astrologer, the, 41. 
 
 Astronomj', 50. 
 
 Atkinson's medical bibliography, 40. 
 
 Audiffredi, G. B., 15. 
 
 Aiiteurs Deguisez, 15. 
 
 Autonymous books, 14, 17. 
 
 Apocalyptic vision, 48. 
 
 Axon, W. E. A., 16. 
 
 Ayscough, 30, 31. 
 
 Bachelor, rich old, 49. 
 
 Baillet, A., 15. 
 
 Ball, pub. 48. 
 
 Banks, W., 44. 
 
 Barbier, A. A., 15. 
 
 Barbier, Olivier, 16, 19. 
 
 Beauty, 41. 
 
 Bennett, Jlary, 40. 
 
 Benson & Barling, pub. 42. 
 
 Bent, publisher, 36. 
 
 Bessie Gray, 35. 
 
 Bibliographers, have been careless in 
 their descriptions, 18. 
 
 Bibliograph}'', too many meanings to 
 the word, 10, 12. 
 
 Bibliotheca Oornubiensis, 9. 
 
 Bibliotheca geographica, 29. 
 
 Biographia Dramatica, 40. 
 
 Black Forest, legend of the, 41 . 
 
 Boase & Courtney's Bibliotheca Oor- 
 nubiensis, 9. 
 
 Bogue, pub. 45. 
 
 Book of Costumes, 41, 
 
 Book, how to describe a, 5, 9, 37, dif- 
 ferent discriptions of, 14, Handy- 
 book about books, 15, 16. 
 
 — paging should be simi)le, 25. 
 
 Bookbinders tear away advertise- 
 ments, 17. 
 
 Botany, study of, 46. 
 
 Boj''s own book, 41. 
 
 British Almanac, 23. 
 
 British Catalogue, the, 36, 37. 
 
 British Critic, 50.
 
 55 
 
 British geography, 42. 
 
 British Librarian, the, 44. 
 
 British Museum cataloifue, 11, 35, 41, 
 53, report on 15, rules 16, Li- 
 brary 35, 40. 
 
 Brougham, Lord, publications, 17, 
 19, 27, 52. 
 
 Brown, George, an imaginary author 
 cited as an example, 12. 
 
 Brown, rev. J., 46. 
 
 Buds & blossoms, 41. 
 
 Bunting, Rev. Jabez, 49. 
 
 Cadell, pub. 43. 
 
 Capital letters in titles, 29. 
 
 Caroline and her mother, 41. 
 
 Catalogues, 10, 14, not to be relied 
 on, 18, should not alter titles, 
 2], Art of making, 21. 
 
 Catechism, a, 41, 45. 
 
 Cato, a tale, 41. 
 
 Cawthorn, pub. 49. 
 
 Chambers Cyclopaedia on the Hand- 
 book of Fictitious names, 52. 
 
 Chappie, pub. 43. 
 
 Charades, 45. 
 
 Charlotte, princess, 47, 48, 51. 
 
 Child's Guide, 42. 
 „ Manual, 42. 
 „ Own Book, 42. 
 „ Pathway, 42. 
 ,, Treasure, 42. 
 
 Cholera orphan home, 46. 
 
 Chollerton, 42. 
 
 Christian's preacher, 42. 
 
 ,, Sunday alphabet, 47. 
 
 Chi-istmas in Ireland, 42. 
 
 Christopher, pub. 51. 
 
 Clarke, pub. 43, 45. 
 
 Clarke, M. Cowden, 31. 
 
 Cleaver, pub. 47. 
 
 Colburn, pub. 41, 50. 
 
 Combe, W., 49. 
 
 Commandments, the ten, 44. 
 
 Communicants, address to, 43. 
 
 Companion to the almanac, 19. 
 
 Confirmation on, 47. 
 
 Cook. Mrs., 46. 
 
 Cookery, 42, 43, 44, 47, 48. 
 
 Comey, Bolton, 12, 16, 18, 33. 
 
 Cottage Home, 42. 
 
 Cottager's Assistant, 43. 
 
 Cousin Rachel's visit, 43. 
 
 Cousins, The, 43. 
 
 Craigh-Melrose Priory, 43. 
 
 Creniorne viscountess, 43. 
 
 Crestadoro, A., 19 — 21, 37. 
 
 Crimean Cooking, 44. 
 
 Croker, J. W., 48. 
 
 Crosby, pub. 48. 
 
 Ci'ew & Spencer, pub. 43. 
 
 Crucifi.xion, Tiie, 43. 
 
 Cutter, C. A., 11, 24. 
 
 Cuttle, Captain, advice quoted, 8. 
 
 Dartmoor Legends, 43. 
 
 Darton & Harvey, publishers, 35, 36, 
 
 41, 43, 44-45-46, 48, 49, 50. 
 David, history of, 46. 
 
 Dean, pub. 45. 
 
 Delepierre, 0., 15. 
 
 De Morgan, Professor, his Arithme- 
 tical books, referred to, 1, 11, 
 19, 24, 41, article in the Com- 
 panion to the Almanac, 23 — on 
 sizes of books, 24, on errors, 
 33. 
 
 Dictionaries, compilers of copy one 
 another, 33. 
 
 Dictionary catalogue, 11, of anony- 
 mous authors, 15, 16. 
 
 Dolman, pub. 41, 42. 
 
 Domestic economy, 43, 46. 
 
 Dots of omission, 22. 
 
 Duniol, pub. 41. 
 
 East Indians, 36. 
 
 Easy rhymes, 41. 
 
 Ebers, pub. 49. 
 
 Ecclesiasticus, 48. 
 
 Edgeworth Miss, fictitious reference 
 to her, 37, 38. 
 
 Edmonds G., 25. 
 
 Edward Beaumont, 44. 
 
 Edwards (Edward) 10, 14, 40. 
 
 Effie's tales, 44. 
 
 Elwy, vale of, 44. 
 
 Kmily Trevor, 44. 
 
 Eacyclopffidia Britannica on anony- 
 mous works, 40, on the Hand- 
 book of Fictitious Names, 52. 
 
 England, Church of, 44. 
 
 England, history of, 41, 42, 43, 44. 
 
 English Catalogue, the, 19, 36, 37. 
 
 42, 51. 
 English cookery, 43. 
 
 English grammar, Lennie's, 21. 
 
 Enigmas, 45. 
 
 Errors, difficult to avoid, 32. 
 
 Erskine, T., 45. 
 
 Esthwaite water, 44. 
 
 Etchings, 53. 
 
 Fairy Tales, 48, 51. 
 
 Familiar Dialogues, 45. 
 
 P'ictious names of authors, Handbook 
 
 of, 5, 14, 16, 19, 36, 52. 
 Fisher, pub. 45. 
 Flamank, J., 36. 
 Flora & Thalia, 45, 
 Ford, ])ub. 42. 
 France Litte'rairc (La) 9. 
 Fi'edorick William, Prince, 40. 
 French Biography, 51.
 
 56 
 
 INDEX. 
 
 French Cookery, 43. 
 French . enigmas in, 45. 
 Friend's books, 19. 
 Galifjnani, pub. 41. 
 Garden, Pleasures of a, 46. 
 Garden of Language, 45. 
 Gaultier's Geography, 42. 
 Genesis, 48. 
 
 Gentleman's Magazine, 30. 
 Geography, Ancient, 50. 
 
 „ British, 42. 
 
 „ First lessons in, 42, 51. 
 
 „ Modern, 42. 
 
 George III. jubilee, 40. 
 German Biography, 51. 
 Gilly, \V. S., 42. 
 Girl's Text Book, 45. 
 Gleanings from many fields, 36. 
 Goss, P. S., 48. 
 Greenhouse, guide to, 44. 
 Grammar of bibliography, there is 
 
 none, 11. 
 — English— 21 ; Universal, 25. 
 Groombridge, pub. 41, 43. 
 Hailes, pub. 42. 
 Halkett, S., 16. 
 Hall, pub. 51. 
 Hamilton, duchess of, 47, 
 Hamst, Olphar, 15, .52. 
 Handbook of fictitious names, 5 ; 
 
 criticisms on — author determined 
 
 to stop collecting ^nth the year 
 
 1879, 52. 
 Handel, 50. 
 
 Happiness, Guide to, 41. 
 Hardwicke, pub. 47. 
 Harp of Salem, poems, 45. 
 Harris, pub. 41, 48. 
 Hai-vey see Darton. 
 Hatchard, pub. 41, 44, 45, 47, 48, 
 
 49. .50, 51. 
 Hazlitt, W. C. 34. 
 Hegel, G. W. F., 19. 
 Higgins, G., 30, 31. 
 History Modern, 47 
 History, Universal, 42. 
 Hodgson, publisher, 36. 
 Holdsworth, A. H., 43. 
 Hope &Co., pub. 41, 46. 
 Houlston, pub. 40—43. 
 Housekeeper's assistant, 46. 
 How to dress on £15 a year, 7, 41, 
 
 46. 
 Hurdis. Dr., 50. 
 Hymns, 35, 46, 49. 
 Ida, 42. 
 Index, necessity for an, 80 — one 
 
 better than two, 31— bad— 31 — 
 
 Society, 31. 
 Ines and other poems, 46 
 
 Infant's friend, 41. 
 Ireland, 51, distress in, 42 — Travel- 
 lers in, 48. 
 Italian Biographj', 51- 
 Italy works of art, 49. 
 Jal, A., 32, 33. 
 Jarrold, pub. 42. 
 .lesus the Messiah, 46, 48. 
 Jewett, C. C., 10, 24. 
 Johnstone, pub. 40. 
 Kaiserswortli Deaconesses, 47. 
 Kent, duchess of, 45. 
 Laconics, manual of, 9. 
 Lancashire dialect, Literature of, 16. 
 Law, pub. 42. 
 Law List, 28, 
 Lennie, W., 21. 
 Leopold, prince, 47. 
 Leslies, the, 46. 
 
 Letters to my unknown friends, 47. 
 Life assurance, guide to, 47. 
 Linton, Mount, family, 43. 
 Lisbon, 49. 
 
 Literary men, careless in their refer- 
 ences, 18. 
 Little Lilly, a moral tale, a supposi- 
 titious publication, 38. 
 Little Lilly's Travels, a real book, 
 
 38. 
 London Catalogue, the, 36, 42, 46. 
 Longman, pub. 36, 47, 49, 50, 51. 
 Lord's Prayer, on the, 42. 
 Louis XVIII., court of, 49. 
 Low, publisher, 36, 37. 
 Lowndes, W. T., 13, 44. 
 Lusk, pub. 45. 
 Lynmouth Visitors, 47. 
 Lyntot, pub. 43. 
 Maconochie, (]\Irs.) 44. 
 Manchester free library catalogue, 19. 
 Mandeville, 47. 
 
 Martin's Catalogue of privately 
 printed books, 23. 
 
 Mary, queen, 47. 
 
 Alary, Virgin, 47. 
 
 Masters, pub. 41, 47. 
 
 Matlock, Journey to, 44. 
 
 Mauritius, 49. 
 
 McCulloch, J. E., 16, 33. 
 
 McGlashan, pub. 44. 
 
 McPhun, pub. 51. 
 
 Mansoul, siege of, 50. 
 
 Memoirs of Libraries, 10, 14. 
 
 Messiah, The, 50. 
 
 Metrical Remembrances, 47. 
 
 Miller, John, his Fly Leaves, 5. 
 
 Mirror of the graces, 6. 
 
 Mitchell, pub. 51. 
 
 Moral Maxims, 48. 
 
 Motto, on title page, 19.
 
 INDEX. 
 
 57 
 
 Mozley, pub. 48. 
 
 Mozley, Mrs., works bv, 3.'). 
 
 Murray, pub. 43. 44, 48, 49. 
 
 Music for schools, 44. 
 
 My Norske iiotp Book, 48. 
 
 Natural history, 45, 48. 
 
 Naylor, C, 24._ 
 
 Needlework, 47. 
 
 Nelson, publisher, 38, 47. 
 
 New-church doctrine, 42. 
 
 New Estate, The, 36. 48. 
 
 Nicholas, Bishop ot Melipotamus, 42. 
 
 Nichols, John, 31. 
 
 Nichols, T., 11. 
 
 Nightingale, F., 45. 
 
 Nisbet, pub. 46. 
 
 Norfolk, 49. 
 
 Norton, hon. C. E. S., 49. 
 
 Norwaj', month in, 48. 
 
 Notes and Queries, 5, 10, 16, 17, 24, 
 36, 41. 
 
 6ld Bridge, the, 35. 
 
 Orb of Light, 48. 
 
 Oriental Cookery, 43. 
 
 Oriental Nature, a glimpse of, 45. 
 
 Original Fables, 48. 
 
 Orr, pub. 44. 
 
 Outlines of Truth, 48, 
 
 Oxford, bishop of, 43. 
 
 Pauizzi, Sir A., 11. 
 
 Parke, Justice, 44. 
 
 Parker, pub. 45, 49, 51. 
 
 Partridge, pub. 47. 
 
 Pentateuch, questions from the, 43. 
 
 Phantasie's birthday, 46. 
 
 Philanthropist, the, 48. 
 
 Pickering, pub. 48. 
 
 Pocock, pub. 44. 
 
 Political economy, literature of, 16, 
 33. 
 
 Polyonymous books, 14. 
 
 Portugal, a tale, 35, 48, 49. 
 
 Portuguese Biography, 51. 
 
 Power, John, 15, 16. 
 
 Prefaces not dated, 23. 
 
 Printing, style of, 27. 
 
 Pnvately printed books, 23. 
 
 Protestant Church, 44. 
 
 Pseudonymous books, 14, 17, means 
 of identifying authors of, 35, list 
 of 40, 52. 
 
 Public libraries in the United States, 
 report on, 11. 
 
 Publication, place of, 22, date of 23. 
 
 Publisher's names not often found 
 in book lists, 22 ; when imjior- 
 tant, 23. 
 
 Punctuation of titles, 29. 
 
 Qu6rard, J. M., 9, 15, 17, 52. 
 
 Piavensdale, 49. 
 
 Kedeemed Ro.se, the, 49, 
 
 PfcOvelatiiin, 48. 
 llivingtuns pub. 43, 45, 51. 
 Robert Marshall, 35. 
 Roberts pub. 43, 47. 
 Roberts, Emma, 48. 
 Robinson, pub. 44. 
 Rodwell & Martin, pub. 43, 
 Roman Cliurch, 44. 
 Routledge, puli. 46. 
 Rozelli, Life uf, 40. 
 Rules for cataloguing, 10, 11. 
 Ryde, 37, 38. 
 Sacraments, the Tvvo, 44. 
 Saunders in Otley, pub. 41, 50, 51. 
 Seaman, Miss, a fictitious name used 
 for the purpose of illustration, 
 37 ; supposed works of, 38. 
 
 Seeley, pub. 46, 49. 
 
 Selina, a novel, 50. 
 
 Sceptic, Tlje, 5U. 
 
 Scotch Cookery, 43. 
 
 Sermons for children, 43. 
 
 Shaw, pub. 41, 45, 50. 
 
 Sierra Leone, 49. 
 
 Simpkiii, pub. 42, 43, 44, 45, 51. 
 
 Shakespeare, indexes to, 30 ; woi'ds 
 from 50. 
 
 Smith, l^ib. 45, 4'i, 47. 
 
 Smith, J., fictitious publislier"s name, 
 38. 
 
 Smith, John, Printer's manual, 32. 
 
 Smith, John Russell, pub. 50. 
 
 Smith, Joseph, 19. 
 
 Smithsonian Report, 24. 
 
 Spain yesterday and to day, 35, 50. 
 
 Spanish Biography, 51. 
 
 Spelling- .simplified, 42. 
 
 Spratt,"M., 4.5. 
 
 Stanley Ghost, 35. 
 
 Stereotyped books, 23. 
 
 Stevens, H., on catalc;gues, 29. 
 
 Stewart, Agnes M. 41. 
 
 Stockdale, Pub. 47, 51. 
 
 Sulger, H., 50. 
 
 Supercheries LittSraires, 15. 
 
 Swimming, list of works on, 19, 53. 
 
 Symonils. pub. 40. 
 
 Syntax, Dr., 49. 
 
 Tabart, {)ub. 44. 
 
 Tales of the Classics, 42, 50. 
 
 Tales from the German, 50. 
 ,, ,, ,, Spanish, 51. 
 
 Taylor, pub. 45. 
 
 Taylor, J., Manual of Laconics, 9. 
 
 Temple countess, 51 . 
 
 Testaniont, Old and New, 42, 46. 
 I Thoma.s, Percy, portrait of Whistler 
 1 by, 52. 
 
 rimperley's Printer's manual, 25, 32. 
 , Title page, 12, 13, IS. 
 i
 
 INDEX. 
 
 Tiiicwitt, T., pend., 14. 
 
 Twelve years ago, 51. 
 
 Twice ni.arried, Til. 
 
 Urban, Sylvanus, ps?eiidonym of the 
 editors of tlio Geutleman's Maga- 
 zine, 18. 
 
 Vatcr Uuser, a tale, 51. 
 
 Villaf^je incidents, 51. 
 
 Ventilation, an essay on, snpposi- 
 titiou.s title given as an illusLra- 
 tion, 12. 
 
 Vernon, Jhs., 44. 
 
 Versailles, 43. 
 
 Victoria, )>>-ineess, 45, 50. 
 
 Vir^iuia, 4'J. 
 
 Wales, Ti-avellcrs in, 4S. 
 
 Wallis, pub. fd. 
 
 Ward,'pnb. 44, 49, 51. 
 
 Warne. pul). 41, 44, 46. 
 
 Wa.shh()uvno, |)ub. 45. 
 
 Wertbeini, jmb. 46, 48. 
 
 Whatoly. Arcli., 36. 
 
 Wlieatley, H. B. on indexes, 31. 
 
 Whistler, catalogue of his etching's, 
 
 52. 
 Whittaker. pub. 42, 44, 47, 50, 51. 
 Woman, 51. 
 
 Workwoman's prnide, 51 . 
 Winchester, Bishop of, 46. 
 Youth's magazine, 46.
 
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